CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY ' FROM F 44R4 BsT" """""'*" "*""^ "'*imXiMmi!i!ii?iii{Sffi{!,,.9* "'chmond, Cheshir ^i.^ 3 1924 028 836 613 Cornell University Library The original of tiiis book is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://archive.org/details/cu31924028836613 .^^/^L^^^ HISTORY TOWN OF RICHMOND, CHESHIRE COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE, From its First Settlement, to 1882. By William B as sett. BOSTON: C. W. CALKINS & CO., PRINTERS, 64 FEDERAL ST., COR. FRANKLIN. Ko TO THE SONS AND DAUGHTERS v OF THE TOWN OF RICHMOND, WHETHER AT HOME OR ABROAD, WHO RETAIN AN INHERENT LOVE FOR THE PLACE OF THEIR BIRTH THIS VOLUME IS RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED. PREFACE. In presenting this volume to the public, it is but proper to state that the work has grown to greater dimensions than was at first contemplated ; but the enlargement has resulted not from the diffuseness in detail of a few special subjects, but rather from the brief consideration of many topics claiming attention. More than two years have now been devoted to the work, and still material which would add interest to its pages is b)' no means exhausted. It has been the design to give more prominence and fullness to the genealogical than to the historical part, as more inter- est often centres around the lives of individuals and fam- ilies than can be awakened in the perusal of town annals which present quite frequently a painful sameness. Im- portant events which have transpired have not been over- looked, nor have such matters been ignored, as seemed to change or jffect the social, moral, or political condition of the people. Of the early settlers, those families that have shown the most vitality and the longest residence in the town have been given the greater space, and also those connected with the town by birth or residence who have been instrumental in promoting its general prosperity, or have been important factors in the development and growth of the varied interests of our country, have received special consideration, while those whose sojourn was so brief or unimportant as scarcely to leave a trace 'behind, we have rarely followed in their perigrinations. Aside from the incompleteness and all inaccuracies which may appear in the work, the committee chosen to compile and publish the same believe that more than enough reliable matter VI. PREFACE. has been collected to pay for all the expense incurred. To the citizens of the town, and others interested in the work, who have aided us, we tender our thanks ; but especial mention is due the Hon. Isaac W. Hammond, Assistant Secretary of State, at Concord, and the late John J. Allen, Esq., for the kindly aid extended in their several offices; also to Mr. Buffum, Register of Deeds of this County. The services of Fred. M. Ballou, Esq., of Providence, R. I., have been most valuable in collecting material relating to the early settlers from Rhode Island and the adjacent towns, for which we tender our most grateful acknowledgments. WILLIAM BASSETT, ZIMRI BOWEN, CHARLES W. CONWAY, ALMON TWITCHELL, Committee chosen at Annual Meetings March, 1882^ to comfile and fublish the History of Richmond. Richmond, July i, 18S4. CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. SETTLEMENT AND GRANT OF TOWNSHIP. Introductory Remarks — Description of the Town — When, Where,- and by Whom Settled — The Original Proprietors — Character of Early Settlers — New Hamp- shire as a Province — Charter of Township — Original Survey and Plan of the Town — Charter Forfeited and Renewed — First Town Meeting — Town Officers — The First Roads Laid Out, Etc. — Cheshire County Formed — Proclamation Money — Settlement with Town Officers — First Census — About Indians — Rogers Killed — Wild Beasts — Bear Fights— Bear Hunts— Noted Hunters of the Early Times— Legends of Olden Times Page i. CHAPTER n. WAR OF THE REVOLUTION. Condition of Town in 1775 — Richmond Company at Battle of Bunker Hill — Asso- ciation Test — Second Census — Committee of Safety and Inspection — Soldiers in Winchester and Swansey Companies in 1776 — Town Bounties, 1777 — Captain Capron's Company for Relief of Ticonderoga — Soldiers in Winchester Company at Battle of Saratoga — Bounties Paid, 1778 — Soldiers Mustered in at Walpole — Committee Chosen to Hire Men, 1779— pQuotas for 1780 — Mixed up with Ver- mont — Continental Men in the Service — Cannon Taken Through Town — Bar- nard Hix and Eleazer Martin — The Currency — The Price of Articles Fixed — Town Action on Salt — Readjustment of the Currency — The Town at Close of the War — The Women of '76 Page 55. CHAPTER in. THE NEW HAMPSHIRE GRANTS AND THE VERMONT CONTROVERSY. The New Hampshire Grants — The Masonian Line, and the Vermont Controversy — Time of Annual Meeting Changed — Formation of Constitution of New Hamp- shire — Adoption of the Federal Constitution — Petition for Justice of the Peace — Sign-post and Stocks — Petitions for Exemption from Military Duty — Warning Out of Town — Glebe Lands — Bounties on Wild Animals and Birds. . . Page 82 . Vlll. CONTENTS. CHAPTER IV. WAR OF 1812, ROADS, SCHOOLS, ETC. War of 1812 — Town Action Concerning — Captain Bryant's Company — Soldiers in other Companies — Drafted Men — Ballou's Poem — The Ashuelot Turnpike — Other Roads Laid Out — An Amusing Incident — United States Mail and Ex- press Routes — Schools and School Teachers — The Town Districted — A Part of Town Annexed to Troy — A Part annexed to Winchester — Map of Town — Topography and Geology of the Town — Military Matters — Paupers. . .Page 104. CHAPTER V. POST-OFFICES AND POST-MASTERS, ETC. Post-offices atid Post-masters — Physicians — Professional Men — Musicians — Band — — Inns and Inn Keepers — Stores and Store Keepers — Mills and Mill Owners — Tanneries — Mechanical Industries — Other Industries — Blacksmiths — Carpenters — Shoemakers — The Old Baptist Meeting House — Burial Places — Times of Sick- ness — Accidental Deaths — Fires — Town Meetings — Singing Schools — Nahum Grout — Solomon Atherton — Went to Law — A Great Fracas — A Temperance House — Shows and Exhibitions Page 152. CHAPTER VI. WAR OF THE REBELLION, ECCLESIASTICAL ORGANIZATION, ETC. Public Sentiment Regarding the War — Action Taken by the Town — Soldiers in Various Regiments — List of Those that Died in the Service or were Killed in Bat- tle — Enrollment of Militia — War Rallies — Religious Organizations — The First Baptist Church — The Fiiends Society — The Present Baptist Church — The Uni- tarian Society — The Universalist Society — The Methodist Church— Attempt to Form an Orthodox Church — A Retrospective View — The Population and Valua- tion — The Electoral Votes — Political Parties — Town Officers — Financial Con- dition of Town , ... Page 208. CHAPTER VII. THE GENEALOGY OF FAMILIES. Abbott — Adams — Ainsworth — Aldrich — Allen — Amadou — Ames — Anderson — Ar- nold — Atherton — Babcock — Baker — Ball — Ballard — Ballou — Barber — Barden Barker— Barrus— Barney— Barrett— Bassett — Battles — Beals — Bemis — Bennett — Benson — Bigelow — Bisbee — Bishop — Black — Blanding — Bliss — Bolles — Boorn — Bowen — Boyce — Brigham — Brittan — Brown — Bryant — Buffum — Bullock — CONTENTS. IX. Bump — Butterfidd — Buxton — Capron — Cargill — Carkin — Carpenter — Carroll — Carter — Cass — Chase — Chapman — Cheever — Cheeney «- Church — Clark — Clapp — Colburn — Cole— Combs — Conway — Cooley — Cook — Corey — Corliss — Crane — Crossman — Cressey — Ctooker — Cummings — Cumstock — Curtis — Dand- ley — Daniels — Darling — Davenport — Day — Dexter — Dillingham — Dingman — Dodge — Doolittle —Ellis — EUor —Emerson — Erskine —Estas— Evans — Fisher — Flint — Frazier — Freeman — French — Fuller — Gage — Garnsey — Gaskill — Gay — Gleason — Goddard — Goodwin — Goodnow — Goodnough — Graves — Grant — Green — Grout — Grover — Guild — Hamilton — Hammond — Hale — Handy — Harkness — Harris — Hayward — Herrick — Hews - Hills — Hill — Hix — Hol- brook— Howe — Howard — Hubbard — Huntley— Hunting — Hunt — Ingalls — IngersoU — Jessop — Jillson — Johnson — Jittem — Josslin — Kelton — Kenney — Kingsley — Kinsman — Kimpton — Knap — Lawrence — Lester — Lyon — Man — Martin — Mason — Meader — Mellin — Merrifield — Miller — Mowry — Mullen — Munroe — Naromore — Nason — Nelson — Newell — Newton — Norwood — Nourse — Nutting — Ormsby — Page — Paine — Palmer — Parker — Parkhurst — Patch — Perry — Peck — Peters — Phillips — Pickering — Piper — Potter — Powers — Prescott — Put- ney — Ramsdall — Randall — Rawsori — Raymer — Razee — Raynolds — Read — Rich — Rice — Robinson — Roper — Russell — Saben — Salisbury — Scott — Smead — Shatter — Smith — Southwick — Spaulding — Spencer — Sprague — Starkey — Streeter — St. Clair — Stoddard — Swan — Sweet — Swift — Sweetzer — Taft — Tay- lor — Temple — Tenney — Thayer — Threshire — Thompson — Thornton — Thurber — Tillson — Torrey — Truesdall — Tucker — Tuttle — Twitchell — Tyler —Wakefield Wallace — Walker — Ward — Ware — Warren — Weatherhead — Weeks — Westcoat — Wheaton — Wheeler — White — Wilson — Whipple — Whitcomb — Whitaker — Whittemore — Whitman — Whitmore — Whitney — Wing — Williams — Willoby — Wiswall — Woodbury — Woodward — Wooley — Work — Wright — Young — Yates. . ■ • . . . Page 255. CHAPTER VIII. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. Nathaniel Aldrich— Sylvester Aldrich — Orrin Munroe Allen —Jonathan Atherton — Lemuel Atherton — James Ballou, jr. — Rev. Robert Bartlett — Job Bisbee — Phebe Bowen — Jedediah Buifum — Capt. Oliver Capron 7— Daniel Cass —Orison B. Curtis — Kendall Fisher — Eliza Ballou Garfield — John Martin — Wilderness Martin — Joseph and Benjamin Newell— Loren Pickering — Timothy Pickering — Jonathan Rawson — Alonzo Rawson — Col. Henry Starkey — Moses Tyler — Jarvis Weeks — Hon. Joseph Weeks — James Harrison Cass — Daniel, the Nig — Nancy Linty — Hannah Man — Ruth Ormsby — Penelope Phillips — Rachel Jillson — Aldis Boyce. .... . ... Page 539. CHAPTER IX. LONGEVITY. FIRST SETTLERS, ETC. List of Persons who were Born in Richmond, or have Resided Therein, who have lived Seventy Years and Upwards — The first Settlers and some of their Suc- cessors — Conclusion Page 555. CONTENTS. APPENDIX. School Districts, Nos. 9, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16 — Thayer's and Scott's Mills — Biographical and Genealogical, Hosea B. Aldrich — Denzel S. Rice — D. Richardson Randall — BufEum Allen — WilHam Bassett — Jonathan Garnsey — Samuel Atherton — Henry B. Swan— Charles A. Crooker — Silas B. Boyce — William BufFum — James Lovett — Nelson Rawson — John M. Sawyer — Marriages omitted — Finis. ILLUSTRATIONS. Portrait of Author Frontispiece. Four Corners, looking South from Buffum Hill, opp. Page i Log-cabin " ^ N. H. State Seal " 14 First Plan of the Town '. . • . " 20 Sectional Plan of the Town " 24 Deacon John Cass' Inn " 30 Indians on the lookout " 42 Black Bear 45 Fighting Bear " 46 Wolf " 52 Revolutionary Soldier " 55 Battle of Bunker Hill " 59 Trophies of Bennington " 67 Cannon Taken Through Town " 74 Continental Currency " 76 Belles of '76 " 80 Delegates to Convention at Cornish " 83 Vignette of Union " 94 Whipping-post and Stocks " gg Charge at Lundy's Lane " 108 An Amusing Incident " 118 Stage-coach " 121 Map of the Town ■ " 134 Grassy Hill and Ballou's Dell opp. " 136 The Old Militia " " 144 Physician's Mortar, etc " 156 Richmond Band " 161 Bar-room " 162 Wakefield and Widow Howe's Taverns . . . opp. " 164 Selling Groceries " 165 Water-mill " 168 Blacksmithing " 180 Old Baptist Meeting-house and Union Store . opp. " 184 Cemetery- " 187 Hog Reeve " 199 Fat and Lean Man " 202 ILLUSTRATIONS. Boys IN Blue Lieut. Arlon S. Atherton . . . . . . . Bible Ground Plan of Baptist Meeting-house . Middle of the Town and Four Corners . . Brick Church and Universalist Church . Selectmen Representatives to General Court . . . . . Town Officers, etc HosEA Ballou . . . . Mrs. Garfield's Early Home Old Buffum House and Corner Store . Crooker House and Store and Holmes House. M. B. Erskine .... . . ... Lisle Lester John Newell ... ... Rev. David Pickering John Parkhurst, Jr. . . Daniel Peters David Randall. Bill Weatherhead Older Citizens Mrs. Garfield Page 209 opp. opp. opp. opp. 214 231 224 228 23 + 248 250 282 289 378 386 428 451 456 458 462 472 538 546 EMENDATIONS. PAGE. LINE. 49, 22 from top, for Hadley read Handy. for $3,000 and $12,000, read $2,000 and $8,000. for $300 read $200. for Lewis Whipple read James Whipple, for Nathan read Nahum. for country read county, for seventy dollars read $46.66. for twelve read nearly eight, for one dollar read one half dollar. , for Otis Cass read Luther Cook. , for 1856 read 1855. for 1884 •"e^d 1844. for Sept. 16 read Sept. 19. strike out the words " Died at battle of Laurel Hill, Va." for Sept. 29 read Sept. 19. for i8oo read 1799. for 1807 read 1806. for 1809 read 1807. for Erastus read Erasmus, for Simon read Simeon, for Sweeter read Streeter. for Gardner read Barden. erase W. in the second Benj. W. Bliss, for 1790 read 1780. for Barzillai read Joseph, for Troy, N. Y., read Troy, N. H. for there died read died in Wis. before burnt insert partly, for Penn. read N. Y. strike out the words " He m. a daughter of Stephen Martin, of Barton, Vt." 377' 23 " f°'" '^^- °f Capt. Abner Aldrich read m. Sarah Harris. 384, 21 " after father's place read also on the Garnsey farm. 77. 2 77. 4 107, 29 108, 12 119. IS 122, 27 122, 29 123, I 131. bottom linC: IS9. 29 fr om top, 1 86, 2 It 211, 41 " 212, 26 It 213. 5 (C 269, 16 u 269, 20 " 269, 20 " 270, 17 it 272. II '* 3H. 27 C( 314, 28 1( 3'8, 8 li 318, 18 (( 327. 18 It 33S. 14. " 36s- 17 tl 366, 3 (( 366, 29 " 366, 30 «( XIV. EMENDATIONS. 401, LINE. 12 from top, after 1798 read m. Eunice, dr. of Levin Aldrich, removed to Bethlehem, N. H., where his widow now resides. for Nathaniel read John. for 1877 read 1873. for Wetherly read Wetherby. after Garnsey place read also on his father's old farm. after Bolles read removed to Whitefield, N. H. after Ezekiel Streeter i-ead son of Joseph. for Jonas read Abner. strike out "young." 401, 15 40s. 18 453- 20 46s, 6 481, 2 489. 26 512, S 515. I " REMARKS. Any person who may notice any errors in this work, or discover important omissions in the same, is requested to inform the author, that the same may be corrected in that part of the edition not yet bound. EXPLANATORY NOTES. In the following Genealogy of Families, and elsewhere, will be found the initial letters F. — S, which are to be read First Settlers; the letters L. — R. signify Lot and Range. When the dash( — ) occurs between names it is to be read "son of," as Danvers Martin — Wilderness — John — John, is to be read Danvers Martin, son of Wilderness Martin, son of John Martin, who was son of John Martin. The initial letter b. after a name signifies born; likewise d. stands for died, and m. for married; the ist, 2d, etc., which sometimes precedes the m., indicates the number of times married. NAMES OF LOCALITIES. " Guinea " is that part of the town now known as No. Richmond. "Polecat" embraces substantially that part known as District No. 4, near Sandy Pond. "Activity" is the same as District No. lo, in N. E. part of the town. c '11 y. Pi r- 6 a; D History of Richmond. CHAPTER I. SETTLEMENT AND GRANT OF TOWNSHIP, From 1752 to 1775- Introductory Remarks — Description of the Town — When, Where, and by Whom Settled — The Original Proprietors — Character of Early Settlers — New Hamp- shire as a Province — Charter of Township — Original Survey and Plan of the Town — Charter Forfeited and Renewed — First Town Meeting — Town Officers — The First Roads Laid Out, Etc. — Cheshire County Formed — Proclamation Money — Settlement with Town Officers — First Census — About Indians — Rogers Killed — Wild Beasts — Bear Fights — Bear Hunts — Noted Hunters of the Early Times — Legends of Olden Times. INTRODUCTORY REMARKS. More than one hundred and thirty years had elapsed after the settlement of Plymouth by the Pil- grims, before any attempt was made to settle the territory embraced withih the limits of Richmond, indeed but few towns in the county of Cheshire had been settled ; when the grant of this township was made in 1752, a few towns in the river valleys had small settlements therfein, Keene dating _ back to 1736, and Winchester to 1732, and these had been maintained at great risk to life and property. As a town, then, Richmond has had a corporate existence of about one hundred and thirty years, reckoning from the date of the charter to the time of this writ- ing, 1882, and as a body politic for the transaction of town business in 1765, the time when the first 2 HISTORY OF THE town meeting was held, but seventeen years more than a century, and during this period we purpose briefly to review the more important events that have transpired within this township, and give some ac- count of the men and women who have dwelt herein. A brief examination of the town at the present time, shows that important changes have taken place, such changes as engage the attention of the archae- ologist, in the ruins of nations whose histories have marked their growth, maturity, and decline. The town, however, in this regard, is not exceptional in the list of strictly agricultural towns of New Eng- land, without railroads and other facilities necessary for the successful transaction of business. The town attained its maximum growth in popula- tion about 1820, when it numbered nearly 1,400 in- habitants ; the numbers were not greatly diminished in 1850, when there were 1274, but since that time the decadence has been more marked and rapid, the last census giving only 669, a number considerably less than in the first census taken in 1773, only about ten years after its first settlement, when there were 745. The sojourner here of thirty years ago, would now wander in amazement over these hills and through these valleys, then dotted by the abodes of an active, industrious people, but now in many places repre- sented only by mounds and excavations, which mark the spots where once were gathered families of whose joys and sorrows these alone are the silent witnesses. That the process of decay cannot much longer con- tinue is quite certain, and it is more than probable the time is not far distant when the reflex tide of emi- gration will again roll over the deserted hills, and through the waste valleys of the State ; when the TOWN OF RICHMOND. 3 vast areas of the states and territories of the great West have been compactly filled by the landless and homeless millions of Europe, — or sooner perhaps the transition may come, — when the beauty of the scenery, the healthfulness of the climate, and the cheapness of homes will draw a redundant popula- tion from over-crowded cities to the now abandoned homes of the fathers. But these hope-inspiring visions of future possibil- ities are insufficient to counterbalance the weight of sadness and gloom which rests on those who, after the lapse of years, revisit the homes of their childhood, or the graves of their fathers ; to them the changes are more marked than to those who have witnessed the transitions around them, and hence have become accustomed to the mutations continually taking place. Some of the old homesteads are dimly definable in the newly-grown forest by the wayside, while others may be occupied by those of unfamiliar names, and a few only remain on the farms settled by their ances- tors. Man indeed changes, but the earth remains — the grand old hills still remain, resting firmly on their granite bases, and the valleys between still add beauty to the scene ; the ponds never to be forgotten, with the rivulets and brooks remain ; the everlast- ing rocks are still there, bidding defiance to the de- composing elements of nature, and many of the old forests scattered here and there present old familiar outlines. It is indeed the same old town, recogniz- able by all familiar with its scenery in the olden time. The time for the gathering of statistics of the first settlers has been unreasonably delayed, amounting almost to criminal neglect. The last of them took 4 HISTORY OF THE his departure more than fifty years ago, and at the present time no son or daughter of theirs is now liv- ing in town, to relate the stories of the olden time, and but few grandchildren are left to transmit the traditions of their fathers. The amount that has been lost we may never know, but it is reasonable to presume that these pages would be greatly embel- lished and improved if the early reminiscences, inci- dents, and anecdotes known to the fathers had been preserved. Much, however, from the general wreck has been saved. The recorded items, though few, are important, and the traditions, though limited, are of interest. With these the web of history must be woven, and with the warp and woof in places want- ing, no fabric can indeed be complete. The first movements in the settlement of towns as in nations is often buried in obscurity. Such, in part, was the case here ; we know indeed who the first settlers were, and mostly from whence they came, but the exact time of the advent of many is unknown, as also the prime cause which impelled them to their migration here is not of course individually known ; but it is not our purpose at this point to dwell minutely on causes which may have fostered or retarded the set- tlement of the town, but rather to present a retro- spective view of the town during a period in which events of momentous importance, socially and polit- ically considered, have transpired, in which the peo- ple who have dwelt herein have to a greater or less extent participated, and in presenting this narration of town affairs it may be found that they are occa- sionally so intermingled with matters of national con- cern, that the due consideration of the same would seem properly to belong to the domain of the gen- TOWN OF RICHMOND. 5 eral historian. History, however, whether of a town or of a nation, contains elements essentially the same, but the former, circumscribed to a narrower compass, is termed local, and is of special interest only to the residents of the place and to those whose families are connected with the events narrated. As the town is the basis of the state, so is local history the foundation of general history, both dealing with men, together with their doings and surroundings ; only the latter are gleaned from broader fields and embrace longer periods of time. The writing of either is necessarily an exhaustivre effort to transcribe into a single work what may be widely scattered, in detached portions, and often deposited in unknown places. The limits of the work proposed demand a rigid adherence to the primary object in view, which is briefly to record the more important events connected with the town, together with a genealogy of the families, so far as they may be obtained. In commencing this work we are confronted at the outset with the fact that the earliest records of the town contained in the books of the original proprie- tors are gone, — destroyed by fire tradition says, many years ago ; the last trace of them that appears was the delivery of them into the hands of Colonel Josiah Willard, of Winchester, 1796, from whom it is presumed that they were never returned, but were consumed in Willard's house that was burned about that time. The loss of these, together with the loss of material which should appear on the now existing records, necessitates a fruitless search oftimes in other directions for the missing items, and in consequence thereof we are compelled largly to rely on fugitive papers, on the fading memories of the aged, and on the 6 HISTORY OF THE legends and traditions handed down from preceding generations. The importance of exercising more care and atten- tion in the keeping of full and accurate records of town transactions and passing events, becomes quite apparent to any who may attempt to compile the an- nals of a town ; things which may be considered commonplace and of no particular account by those most familiar with them, may be of great value to those who may come after, and especially so to the future historian of the town. This town is not excep- tional in the incompleteness and inaccuracy of its records in the books which have been preserved, for the complaint is quite general on the part of those who have been engaged in writing town histories, of great neglect and carelessness apparent in the records of other towns. The remote causes which may have led to the set- tlement of the town, together with the minor transac- tions of the town may not b^ dwelt upon, but all material worthy a passing review will be pressed into service. The subject matter treated of is believed to be as important, and if fully presented would perhaps be as interesting to the general reader as may be found in the histories of other towns, more diffusely illustrated. In wealth and population the town main- tained for a series of years a pre-eminence in the county worthy of note ; second in population only to Chesterfield in the first census of 1773, and to West- moreland in that of 1786, the town became an im- portant factor in all matters pertaining to the welfare of the Commonwealth. The record, if fully elabo- rated, would reflect honorable distinction On the fath- ers, and well worthy of mention and preservation by TOWN OF RICHMOND. 7 those who have succeeded them, and it is but a slight tribute of respect that we pay to their memories, that in this limited way we try to rescue from oblivion the names of the brave men and heroic women who, leaving the enjoyments of social life in the older set- tlements, made for themselves homes in a wilderness infested by ferocious beasts and occasionally traversed by roving tribes of hostile savages. The difficulties, dangers, and hardships incident to pioneer life in a timbered country at that time can be but dimly real- ized by those living here at the present time. The mere moving a hundred miles or more with ox teams, or on horseback over rough roads, would be consid- ered no inconsiderable undertaking now ; but the dis- comforts and deprivations attendant on settlers in a wilderness for some years, must have been such as required the bravest of hearts and the strongest of arms to contend with ; such however were the powers of endurance of the early settlers, such their fortitude and indomitable courage, that they manfully battled the seemingly adverse surroundings of pioneer life, and converted the wilderness into abodes of peace and plenty. RICHMOND IN 1823. [Taken from Farhbrs' N. H. Gazbttbbr.] Richmond is a post Township in Cheshire Co., in Lat. 42° 4S' N. ; is bounded N. by Swansey, E. by Fitzwilliam, S. by Royal- ston and Warwick, and W. by Winchester, containing 23,725 acres — The town is 12 miles (south) from Keene, 70 from Concord, and 72 from Boston — It is watered by branches of the Ashuelot and Miller's Rivers, which fall into the Connecticut — The ponds are three in number, one of which is one of the sources of Miller's River — The soil here is favorable for yielding rye, wheat, Indian corn, and most of the productions found in this section of New England — The land is generally level — There are no remarkable 8 HISTORY OF THE elevations — There is a small Village of 15 or 20 dwelling houses—' there are two meeting houses which are near the centre of the town — The Ashuelot Turnpike road passes through Richmond in an East and West direction — Richmond was granted Feb. 28, 1752, to Jos. Blanchard and others — it was settled within 5 or 6 years afterwards by people from Mass. and R. I. The first child born in town was Lemuel Scott, born in 1757 — The first Baptist church was formed in 1768 Rev. Maturin Ballou was ordained in 1770 — died 1804 — Rev. Artemus Aldrich was settled 1777. The second Baptist church was formed in 1776, and Rev. Isaac Kenny was settled in 1792 — There is a large Society of Friends in this town. — Pop. 1400. The foregoing extract rnay be considered substan- tially correct, with the exception of placing the birth of Lemuel Scott in 1757 ; hereinafter will be presented evidence that his birth and the settlement of the town occurred at a later date. It is quite probable that within the limits of the town some settlements may have been made about the time indicated, especially so when we take into account the fact that previous to 1762 Richmond embraced within its boundary, ter- ritory extending nearly to Keene, and that Keene and Swansey were settled some years before ; but our work is with Richmond, as it was after this por- tion was disannexed, to present such facts as may be gleaned from all sources available, in relation to its settlement, to follow its development and growth, to relate the story of the part it has taken in the wars in which the country has been engaged, together with the more important civil and political matters connected with its history, leaving the common affairs of yearly occurrence to remain undisturbed on the records of the town. TOWN OF RICHMOND. WHEN, WHERE, AND BY WHOM THE TOWN WAS SETTLED. There is a tradition that one Sylvester Rogers or Rocherson, from Rhode Island, in 1750, made a clearing of about an acre, on which he erected a strongly-built log- house, for the double purpose of a shelter and a defense against the Indians ; that he abandoned the premises after a few months and re- turned to Rhode Island, in consequence of informa- tion received from a friendly Indian of an intended visit of hostile savages lurking somewhere it may be supposed in the vicinity, and that the place where his clearing was made was on the farm afterwards settled by Jonathan Gaskill and now owned by Jess6 Bolles. This story may be substantially true, with the excep- tion of the date of the occurrence, which we are in- clined to believe should be some years later — say 1754 °^ ^755 — when hostilities were resumed be- tween the French and English colonies, and this from the fact that there was no grant or survey of the township made prior to 1752, and that no rights of preemption were secured to squatters at that time. lO HiSTORV OF THE However this may have been, it matters little, as no permanent settlement was made ; the real question at at issue being : — when, where, and by whom was the ' first permanent settlement made. Most of the evi- dence at hand bearing on the matter of time of the first comers indicate quite strongly that 1762 was the year when the tide of emigration commenced in force. Now Lemuel Scott, if we may credit the inscription on his grave-stone, was born 1763, and Philadelphia Kempton, daughter of Stephen Kempton, was born 1763, and these are reputed to be the first male and female children, of white parents, born in the town ; hence it is presumable that not many families, prior to this date, could have been here for any great length of time. Again, when Jacob Bump came to town there were but five families in town, and he came after the birth of his eldest son, Stephen, who' was born January 30, 1761. This is the statement of Mr. Nathan Bowen, a grandson of Mr. Bump, and is probably the most reliable testimony to be had from any person now living touching the question of time. This would seem to fix the time of Mr. Bump's ad- vent in 1761 or 1762, as his second son, Asa, was born in Richmond, January 29, 1763. Some deeds of the first settlers were recorded in the Cheshire records, and among these the deed of Col. Josiah Willard to Thomas Wooley, who is sup- posed to be one of the very first in town, bears date of 1763, and the conveyance included the land on which he built his house ; but oral tradition says he was living on his place in 1758. He may have been the first permanent settler. Henry Ingalls bought in 1763 ; in fact, no deed has been found back of that TOWN OF RICHMOND. II date, but from this it may not be inferred that no one was here before that time. By the history of Royalston we learn that six fam- ilies moved into that town in 1762, and this was the beginning of settlement there. Warwick was earlier settled — a few families were there in 1756. Win- chester dates back to 1732. Hence, this investigation leads to the conclusion that very few families made their advent here before 1762 ; and that the southern and western portions of the town were first occupied appears quite probable, as the towns adjoining on these sides had been to some extent settled, while on the eastern border what was called Monadnock, No. 4 and No. 5, remained an unbroken wilderness. Paths leading to Royalston, Warwick and Winchester were first made, by which the first immigrants came into town, and these were afterwards laid out and made into public roads, and portions of the same have so remained to the present time. We may safely assume that those who located on the old road leading from Winchester to Royalston were among the first that came, viz. : the two Casses, (John and Daniel,) Aza- riah Cumstock, John Dandley, Francis Norwood, Jacob Bump, Silas Gaskill, and Thomas Josslin, to- gether with some others that located away from this line, as John Martin, John Scott, Constant and David Barney, Thomas Wooley, Reuben Parker, Oliver Capron, Edward Ainsworth, Jonathan Gaskill, Jon- athan Sweet and Jonathan Thurber, Ephraim Hix, Henry Ingalls, Stephen Kempton, Jedediah and Jonathan Buftum, and many others who were here before 1765. These came mostly from Smithfield and Cumberland, R. I., and from Rehoboth and Attleboro', Mass., as did the others that followed from 12 HISTORY OF THE these or other towns in that vicinity. Some favor- ing circumstances attended these settlers, as the old French and Indian War was at that time drawing to a close, and no fear of future hostile incursions of the northern tribes need have been entertained. The famous battle on the Plains of Abraham, above Quebec, between the forces under Gen. Wolfe and those under Gen. Montcalm, in 1759, wherein the English were victorious, virtually ended the war, and all the French possessions in Canada fell into the hands of the English and have so remained to the present time ; thus the colonists of Richmond, nearly all of whom probably came after this event, had no reason to fear the tomahawk and scalping knife of the savage, which had been the terror for years of settlers in the valley of the Ashuelot, re- quiring block-houses and garrisons for their defence. The colonists herein were further favored more than the settlers in towns embraced within the Masonian claim, in being relieved from vexatious lawsuits in re- lation to the validity of the titles to their lands, of which more will be said under the article explaining the Vermont controversy. The territory herein presented a prospect as invit- ing to the colonist at that time as any town away from the river valley, and soon all the land suitable for occupancy was taken, and many lots were cleared and made into farms, which proved unfit for cultiva- tion on account of the rugged, unyielding nature of the soil, and were soon abandoned after the expen- diture of considerable labor and money, for other and more inviting fields of labor. None of the original proprietors of the township named in in the charter of the town are known to TOWN OF RICHMOND. 1 3 have settled on their lands, they apparently were gentlemen living in Portsmouth, Exeter, Dunstable, and other towns in the eastern part of the province, who received the grant in consideration of civil and military services rendered to the province. The men who settled this township were possessed of sterling qualities ; many had great courage, forti- tude and strength, as all pioneers in a wilderness country must have, in order to successfully contend against the formidable obstacles presenting them- selves on every hand ; against wolves, bears, and other wild animals that infest the woods of New Eng- land ; against . the winter's chilling blast, and the summer's sultry heat. Provisions for himself and family each settler must make, with scant supplies and not readily obtained. He must clear the land, make the farm, plant the orchard, build the house, erect a barn, and provide himself with the thousand and one things necessary for agricultural and house- hold purposes. Unremitting toil, directed by a wise foresight, was needful for success ; and possessed of these essential qualities, in a marked degree, we have good reason to believe they were, — for onl}' the brave and strong would enter a field of such labor and hard- ship. The cowardly and weak were generally left behind ; hence the robustness and vigor observable 4n all newly settled, places. The necessities of the hour call into action all the latent powers, the exer- tions required make giants of the actors, and plans well laid must necessarily be supplemented by labor well done ; indeed the founders of states have possessed a heroism not generally shared by others, looking beyond the present visioils of future glory and re- nown, have loomed up in grandeur before them, with 14 HISTORY OF THE new inspiration of faith and hope. The foundations here were unquestionably well laid on the' solid prin- ciples of justice and equality, for at the first town meeting all free holders were given the liberty to vote. The first test of patriotism in Seventy-six was honorable, and with the exception of the secession in 1781, the subsequent acts of the fathers indicate a wise foresight in the performance of all constitutional obli- gations and trusts. Not that mistakes may not have been made, politically or otherwise, for that were assuming too much for humanity anywhere, but that the general intent has been good, does not admit of a question. Always in favor of the largest liberty and the broadest toleration of opinion, still firm in the maintenance of individual rights, the record of their deeds abundantly shows. The town may not have on its calendar as many distinguished for literary and scientific attainments, or as many engaged in profes- sional life as most of the older towns, but the few that have gained notoriety and distinction, have ac- quired the same from their native force and vigor, rather than from aid derived from the schools. NEW HAMPSHIRE AS A PROVINCE. A concise statement of the early settlement of the province of New Hampshire, together with that of the government of the same, may make more clear TOWN OF RICHMOND. 15 to the general readers some matters hereinafter men- tioned, respecting the relation of the town to the State of New Hampshire, in connection with the provincial grants of lands east of the Connecticut river, and west of Mason's claim, in which this town was em- braced. In 1622, only two years after the landing of the Pilgrims at Plymouth, Sir Ferdinando Gorges and Capt. John Mason obtained from the Council for New England, a grant of Lands lying be- tween the Merrimack and the Kennebec. In the following year the proprietors sent out a few colonists, and two settlements were made, one near Portsmouth and the other at Dover. The partner- ship between Gorges and Mason being dissolved, the latter in 1729 obtained a new grant for a territory between the Merrimack and the Piscataqua, and named it New Hampshire, after the County of Hampshire in England, where Mason lived. The feeble settlements of New Hampshire voluntarily placed themselves under the juris- diction of Mass. in 1641, and under her charge they continued for nearly forty years. In 1679 New Hampshire was made a Royal Province, the first so constituted in New England; afterwards it was united with Mass. for a long time, so far as to have the same governor, but its own Legislative body and Laws. A final separa- tion took place in 1741, just a hundred years from the first union. Royal Governors appointed by the King from this time until the breaking out of the War of the Revolution, continued to perform the office of chief magistrate of the province. Benning and John Wentworth were governors during this time, the former of whom signed the charter of the town grant, but John Wentworth who was governor when the War of the Revolution com- menced, adhered to the Royal cause, and he together with other tories were obliged to flee the country, and never again returned. The name of the township, Richmond, was proba- bly selected by some of the original proprietors, from the town or borough in England from which they came, about lo miles from London on the River Thames. Towns of the name are found in nearly all the States, as also in the Canadas. l6 HISTORY OF THE CHARTER OF TOWNSHIP. PROVINCE OF NEW HAMPSHIRE. I L. s. I GEORGE THE SECOND, BY THE GRACE OF GOD, OF GREAT BRITAIN, FRANCE AND IRE- LAND, KING, DEFENDER OF THE FAITH, &c. Ea all Persons to bt^ijam tj^ese presents sj^all come, GREETING. KNOW YE, That we of our special grace, certain knowledge, and mere motion, for the due encouragement of settling a New Plantation within our said Province, by and with the advice of our trustj and well-beloved BENNING WENTWORTH, Esq.; oixr Governor and Commander-in-Chief of our said Province of New Hampshire, in America, and of our Council of the said Province ; have upon the conditions and reservations hereinafter made, given and granted, and by these Presents, for us, our heirs and successors, do give and grant in equal shares, unto our loving sub- jects, inhabitants of our said Province of New Hampshire, and his Majesty's other governments, and to their heirs and assigns for- ever, whose names are entered on this grant, to be divided to and amongst them into seventy-one equal shares, all that tract or parcel of land situate, lying and being within our said Province of New Hampshire, containing by admeasurement twenty-three thousand and forty acres, which tract is to contain six miles square, and no more ; out of which an allowance is to be made for highways and unimprovable lands by rocks, mountains, ponds and rivers, one thousand and forty acres free according to a plan thereof, made and prepared by our said Governor's orders, and hereunto annexed, butted and bounded as follows, viz. : It begins at the southeast corner of the premises at a beach tree in the Province Line and runs in that line north, eighty degrees west five miles and an half to Winchester Line (so called) to a beach tree marked, and from thence north by the needle In said Winchester Line five miles and an half to a stake and stones, the corner of Winchester aforesaid in Ashuelot Line, from thence south seventy-eight degrees east to a red oak marked, the corner of Ashuelot, from thence north thirty-nine degrees east seven miles to a maple, thence south six degrees west six miles one hundred and thirty rods to a beach marked, thence south by the needle five miles to the first bound. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 1 7 And that the same be, and is incorporated into a township by the name of Richmond, and that the inhabitants that do or shall hereafter inhabit the said township, are hereby declared to be en- franchised with and entitled to all and every the privileges and immunities that other towns within our said Province by law exer- cise and enjoy : And further, that the said town as soon as there shall be fifty families resident and settled thereon, shall have the liberty of holding two Fairs, one of which shall be held on the first Tuesday in June, and the other on the first Tuesday of November, annually, which Fairs are not to continue and be held longer than the respective Wednesdays following the said respective days, and as soon as the said town shall consist of fifty families, a market shall be opened and kept one or more days in each week, as may be thought most advantageous to the inhabitants. Also, that the first meeting for the choice of town officers, agreeable to the laws of our said Province, shall be held on the last Wednesday in March next, which meeting shall be notified by Col. Joseph Blanchard,who is hereby also appointed the Moderator of the said first meeting, which he is to notify and govern agreeable to the laws and customs of our said Province; and that the annual meeting for ever here- after for the choice of such officers of the said town, shall be on the last Wednesday of March, annually, to have and to hold the said tract of land as above expressed, together with all privileges and appurtenances, to them and their respective heirs and assigns forever, upon the following conditions, viz. : I. That every grantee, his heirs or assigns, shall plant and culti- vate five acres of land within the term of five years for every fifty acres contained in his or their share or proportion of land in said township, and continue to improve and settle the same by additional cultivations, on penalty of the forfeiture of his grant or share in the said township, and its reverting to his Majesty, his heirs and successors, to be by him or them re-granted to such of his subjects as shall effectually settle and cultivate the same. II. That all white and other pine trees within the said town- ship, fit for Masting our Royal Navy, be carefully preserved for that use and none to be cut or felled without his Majesty's special license for so doing first had and obtained, upon the penalty of the forfeiture of the right of such grantee, his heirs and assigns, to us, our heirs and successors, as well as being subject to the penalty of any act or acts of Parliament that now are, or hereafter shall be enacted. III. That before any division of the land be made to and among the grantees, a tract of land as near the centre of the said town- l8 HISTORY OF THE ship as the land will admit of, shall be reserved and marked out for town lots, one of which shall be alotted to each grantee of the contents of one acre. IV. Yielding and paying therefor to us, our heirs and succes- sors for the space of ten years, to be computed from the date hereof, the rent of one ear of Indian Corn only, on the first day of Janu- ary, annually, if lawfully demanded, the first payment to be made on the first next after the date hereof. V. Every proprietor, settler or inhabitant, shall yield and pay unto us, our heirs and successors yearly, and every year forever, from and after the expiration of ten years from the date hereof, namely, on the first day of January, which will be in the year of our Lord CHRIST, 1762, one shilling proclamation money for every hundred acres he so owns, settles or possesses, and so in proportion for a greater or lesser tract of the said land ; which money shall be paid by the respective persons abovesaid, their heirs or assigns, in our Council Chamber in Portsmouth, or to such officer or officers as shall be appointed to receive the same ; and this to be in lieu of all other rents and services whatsoever. In testimony whereof we have caused the Seal of our said Prov- ince to be hereunto affixed. Witness BENNING WENT- WORTH, Esq. ; our Governor and Commander-in-Chief of our said Province, the twenty-eighth of February, in the year of our Lord CHRIST (one thousand seven hundred and fifty- tiuo) 1752. and in the twenty-fifth year of our Reign. By His Excellency's commands, with advice of council, b. wentworth. THEODORE ATKINSON, Sec'y. Province of New Hampshire, Entered and recorded according to the original, under the Prov- ince Seal, this twenty-ninth day of February, Anno Domini, 1752. Pr. THEODORE ATKINSON, 5ec>. NAMES OF THE GRANTEES OF RICHMOND. Joseph Blanchard, Charity Lund, Zacheus Lovewell, Joseph Winn, Jr., Peter Powers, John Marshall, Joseph Winn, Joseph French, Joseph Barns, William Cummings, Daniel Emerson, Samuel Kenney, Samuel Cummings, John Chamberlain, Josiah Brown, Peter Powers, Jr., Thomas Harwood, Samuel Greele, Jr., TOWN OF RICHMOND. I9 Samuel Farley, Thomas Colburn, Stephen Powers, John Lovewell, Jr., Temple Kendall, Stephen Chase, John Searles, Jonathan Snow, Ephraim Adams, John Butterfield, William Cumins, Jr., Elnathan Blood, Samson French, Benjamin Parker, Benjamin French, Eleazer Blanchard, Joseph Blanchard, Jr., Thomas Blanchard, Gideon Storey, Jonathan Chamberlain, Jonathan Parker, Thomas Parker, Jr., William Parker, Jonathan Cumings, Jonathan Cumings, Jr., Phineas Underwood, John Usher, Joel Dix, Joseph Read, Eleazer Read, Daniel Rindge, Samuel Greele, Benjamin Whitte- more, John Coombs, John Brown, John Hunt, Joseph Ashley, Elijah Alexander, John Rindge, Joseph Blodgett, William Lund, Jr., Robert Usher. His Excellency Benning Wentworth, Esq., a tract of the said land to contain five hundred acres, which is to be account. Two of the said shares, one whole share for the Incorporated Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts ; one whole share for the first settled minister of the gospel in said town ; one whole share for a Glebe for the ministry of the Church of Eng- land as by law established. Theodore Atkinson, Richard Webird, John Downing, Samuel Smith, Sampson Sheafif, John Wentworth, Jr. Attest: THEODORE ATKINSON, Sec'y. Entered and recorded from the back of the original charter for Richmond the twenty-ninth day of February, 1752. THEODORE ATKINSON, Sec'y. PLAN OF THE TOWN AS BOUNDED IN 1752. , The proprietors, after receiving the charter, caused a survey and plan of the township to be made, which was completed in December of the same year in which the charter was granted. The following plan and survey, found in the office of the Secretary of State, at Concord, shows the shape and dimensions of the town before any of its territory was annexed to other towns : 20 HISTORY OF THE Province Line Warwi ck Ro^yaiston TOWN OF RICHMOND. 21 ORIGINAL SURVEY OF THE TOWNSHIP. This plan describes a tract of land of the contents of six miles square lying between the places called Winchester and Ashuelot and the mountain land — Bounded thus: it begins at the South East corner thereof at a Beach tree that stands in the Province line ; thence running in that line North 80° West five miles and an half to Winchester line (so called), bounded there by a Beach tree, and from thence North by the needle in said Winchester line five miles and an half to a stake and stones the corner of Winchester in Ashuelot line — thence South Seventy Eight degrees. East two miles to a Red Oak, the corner of Ashuelot, from thence North 39°, East by Ashuelot line seven miles to a Maple ti-ee marked — from thence South six degrees West, six miles one hundred and thirty rods to 0. Beach tree marked, — from thence South by the needle five miles to the first bound mentioned : with an allowance for one rod in forty to be taken out for windfalls, uneavenness, &c. Measured with the assistance of Peter Powers and Josiah Brown as chainmen.who were sworn to the faithful discharge of that trust. All the aforesaid Lines Run and marked in December 1752. JOSEPH BLANCHARD, Junr. Surveyor. SURVEY OF RICHMOND, MADE 1805. The Boundaries are as follows, viz. ; Begin at the South East corner. Running N. 2° W. bounding of Fitzwilliam 2,056 Rods — on Swansey W.8° 30' N.744 Rods to County road and 380 Rods to a corner — then S. 37° 30' W. 280 Rods to a corner — then W. 16° 30' N. on Swansey 693 Rods to Winchester — then S. 2° E. on Winchester 1,880 Rods — then E. 8° 30' S. on War- wick line 710 Rods — then on Royalston E. 8° 30' S. 1,220 Rods to Fitzwilliam line — the distance from County road to Fitzwilliam is 885 Rods — containing 23,725 acres. By the terms of the charter the proprietors were obliged to put under cultivation within five years, five acres of land for every fifty acres contained in their grants. This provision, together with others, was not complied, with on account of the inability of the proprietors to obtain settlers on their lands, the great hindrance having been the " Intervention of an In- 22 HISTORY OF THE dian War," as set forth in a renewal of the charter hereinafter inserted. At the time of the granting the charter in 1752, the colonies were at peace, — the former war having closed 1748. But a renewal of hostilities began in 1754, so soon after the survey had been completed, at a time so inauspicious, that people could not readily be induced to move from the older setdements into a frontier town, exposed to all the horrors of Indian warfare; consequently the lands were unoccupied until nearly the close of the war, which was substantially in 1759, although peace was not ratified until 1763. The charter having been for- feited, the proprietors petitioned the governor and council for a renewal of the same, which was grant- ed, as the following copy of the act granting the prayer of the petitioners shows : RENEWAL OF THE CHARTER. PROVINCE OF NEW HAMPSHIRE. GEORGE THE SECOND, BY THE GRACE OF GOD, OF GREAT BRITAIN, FRANCE, AND IRE- LAND, DEFENDER OF THE FAITH, &c. Co all peraans to tofjotn tfjeae Presents si^all come, GREETING. " Richmond Charter Lengthened out." WHEREAS WE, of our Special Grace & mere motion for the due encouragement and settleing a new Plantation within our Province of New-Hampshire by our Letters Patent or Charter under the seal of our said Province, dated the 28th Day of Feb'ry in the twenty- fifth year of our reign. Grantin a tract of Land Equal to six miles square, bounded as therein expressed, to a Number of our Loyal Subjects, whose names are entered on the same, to hold to them, TOWN OF RICHMOND. 23 their Heirs and assigns on the conditions therein declared. To be a town Corporate by the Name of Richmond as by reference to the said Charter may more fully appear — and whereas the said Grantees have represented, by the Intervention of an Indian Warr, since the said Grants it has been impracticable to comply with and fulfill the Conditions aforesaid & Humbly Supplycated us not to take advantage of the Breach of said Conditions, but to Lengthen out & grant them some reasonable Term for Performance thereof, after the said impediment shall cease — Now Know Ye that We being Willing to Promote the end Proposed have of our further grace & favor, suspended our claims of the forfeiture the said Grantees may have incurred and by these Presents, do grant unto the said Grantees their Heirs and Assigns, the term of one year for Performing & fulfilling the conditions, matters and things by them to be done. Which Term is to be renewed annually until his Majesty's Plenary Instructions shall be received relative to the Incident that has Prevented a compliance with the Charter accord- ing to the true Intent and meaning thereof. In testimony whereof We have caused the seal of our said Prov- ince to be hereunto aflixed. Witness BENNING WENTWORTH, Esq., our Governor & Commander-in-Chief, the nth day of June in thirty-third year of our reign, Anno Domini, 1760. B. WENTWORTH. By his Excellency's Comand with advice of Council THEODORE ATKINSON, Secty. Prov. of New Hamp' Recorded according to the original under the Province Seal the I2th day of June, 1760. THEODORE ATKINSON, Secty. By the renewal of the charter the proprietors and the grantees under them were made secure in their titles, as by allowing them one year for performing and fulfilling the conditions, and a renewal of the term, annually, until his " Majesty's Plenary Instruc- tions " should be received in relation to the matter, was equivalent to a final confirmation of these grants. By examination of the plan of the town, according to the original grant, it embraced what is now the 24 HISTORY OF THE east part of Swansey — a triangular piece of land seven miles in extent on the west side, extending as far north as the southern boundary of Keene, and over six miles on the east line, was annexed to Swan- sey in 1762. As this occurred before the town was organized for the transaction of town business, no remonstrance against the project, as a town, could have been had. The people did, indeed, some years after attempt to revive the matter of re-annexmg this territory, but were unsuccessful in the effort. At a glance it will be seen that the people living on this Tract could be better convened in their new relation- ship. SECTIONAL PLAN. H -7— / — t 1 { 1 1 1 7 6 5 4 TOWN OF RICHMOND. 25 The following is a copy of the act annexing a part of Richmond to Swansey : — PROVINCE OF NEW HAMPSHIRE. GEORGE THE THIRD, BY THE GRACE OF GOD, OF GREAT BRITAIN, FRANCE, AND IRE- LAND, DEFENDER OF THE FAITH, &c. W,a all Peraons to inljom ti&eac ^regenta sjall come, GREETING. WHEREAS, our Loyall Subjects, Inhabiting the town of Rich- mond & Swansey, within our Province of New Hampshire, have humbly represented to us that it will be of advantage and utility to them the said Inhabitants to have a part of said town of Richmond taken off and annexed to Swansey ,^foresaid Without making any alteration in the Private Property of either communities. — And Praying that the dividing line of said Towns be altered in the fol- lowing manner Viz : Beginning at the North West corner of Lott No. 23 in the seventh Range of Lotts in said Richmond, Then running due east to the easterly line of the same town, then run- ning on the East line of said Richmond to the North East corner of the said town of Swansey. ■Know Yee therefore that We having taken the Matter of said Petition into our consideration & it appearing Conducive to the ease and good order of both Communities, as well as forwarding the Cultivation of the Lands there, Have by and with the advice of our trusty and well beloved Banning Wentworth, Esq., our Cap- tain General, Governor & Commander in Chief, of our Council for said Province of New Hampshire, And by these Presents, Do alter the dividing line, between the said towns of Richmond & Swansey agreeable to the said Petition, and in manner as before set forth & also agreeable to the Plan hereunto annexed. In testimony Whereof, We have caused the seal of our said Prov- ince to be hereunto affixed. Witness BENNING WENTWORTH, Esq., our aforesaid Governor & Commander-in-Chief in & over our said Province of New Hampshire, the nth Day of December in the Third year of our Reign. Annoque Domini, 1762. B. WENTWORTH. By his Excellency's Comand with advice of Council T. ATKINSON Jun' Secty. . Province of New Hamps. Dec;;;'! 13th, 1762. Recorded according to the original under the Province Seal. T. ATKINSON Jun>- Secty. J 26 HISTORY OF THE No event of special importance occurred after this division of the territory until the spring of 1765, when the first town meeting was held. In the inter- mediate time all matters relating to the town as such, had been under the control and management of the proprietors. As these proprietors lived in the east part of the State, it is quite probable that their meet- ings were held in that section, most likely at Col. Blanchard's in Dunstable, from which place the town received the books containing their official acts and the records of their deeds of conveyance, some years after. There is no evidence extant that the proprietors ever made any improvement in town, such as the making of roads and bridges, erecting mills or building meeting-houses, as an inducement for people to settle herein. The lands were rapidly taken up after the close of the old French and Indian war at prices varying from 25 to 75 cents per acre. With two hundred dollars a young man could make a start in life, buy his farm and with the assistance of neigh- bors, who usually turned out for the purpose, erect his log house and provide himself with some stock, farming implements, and household furniture. The requirements were neither numerous or expensive, but good enough to make a beginning with. We now come, in the course of events, to the spring of 1765, when Col. Josiah Willard, or High SheriiF Willard of Winchester, as he was sometimes called, issued his warrant for the first town meeting. By the charter, this duty dpvolved on Col. Jos. Blanchard, but as Blanchard was dead, Willard was authorized to perform this service. As this Col. Josiah Willard was a large land owner, and his name frequently occurs in the early history of the town, it seems TOWN OF RICHMOND. 2*] proper that particular mention should be made of his name, character, and lineage. He was the son of Col. Josiah Willard of Lunenberg, a native of Lan- caster, who was the commandant of Fort Dummer, of Brattleboro', during the last French and Indian war. Josiah Willard, Jr., settled in the lower Ashue- lot, or Winchester; became a prominent man among the early settlers, and was finally promoted to the office of high sheriff of Cheshire county. The first settlers drew their supplies of provisions at first mostly from Northfield. The old road leading from Northfield to Lunenberg, and thence to Boston, was used as the most convenient way to any of the older settlements. Before sufficient harvests were obtained from their farms, many of those settled in the west part made it a practice to go to Northfield on foot, and there thrash grain and return with a bushel of rye on their backs. In some cases it is related that this feat was daily performed. The travel itself might justly be considered a good day's work, minus the thrashing. Among the names of those that performed such herculean tasks are remem- bered those of Deacon John Cass, Reuben Parker, some of the Cumstocks, and others. THE FIRST TOWN MEETING. WARRANT. Province of \ New Hampshire. J ' March ye 20th, A. D. 1765. These are to notify Inhabitants of the Town of Richmond in ye Province that the Annual town-meeting for choice of town ofBcers is to be held on the last Wednesday of March annually By Charter and on Wednesday the 27th day of March instant is the day appointed By Charter for the choosing the officers to serve in ye town for the year A. D. 1765. The freehold- 28 HISTORY OF THE ers and other Inhabitants of ye town of Richmond are hereby noti- fied and warned to meet at the House of Mr. John Cass, Innholder in ye town, at ten of the clock in ye forenoon on ye day for the choice of such officers. JO SI AH WILLARD. At a Legal meeting of ye free Holders and other Inhabitants of the town of Richmond in the Province of New Hampshire Being Held at the house of John Cass Innholder in ye Town on ye 27th day of March A. D. 1765 Agreeable to the Charter of ye town Ap- pointing the Last Wednesday of March to be the day for choosing town officers for the annual meeting. Then voted and chose John Cass Moderator for this meeting. Then voted that all free holders in ye town should have Liberty to vote in the choice of town officers. Then voted and chose Daniel Cass town Clerk. Then voted and chose John Cass, Daniel Cass, John Martin, Se- lectmen and assessors for this present year. Then voted and chose Timothy Thompson, Constable. Then voted and chose John Cass, Town Treasurer. Then voted and chose John Dandley, Tithingman. Then voted and chose Jonathan Gaskill, Surveyor of highways. Then voted and chose Joseph Cass Surveyor of highways. Then voted to dismiss this meeting. JOHN CASS, Moderator. Province of New Hampshire March ye 27th, A. D. 1765 the Persons Before named was sworn to the faithful discharge of their several offices According to Custom JOSIAH WILLARD, Jus. Peace. The above is a copy of the record of the first town meeting as recorded in " A Book of Records for the Town of Richmond made February ye 24th A.D. 1770." Previous to this time the doings of the town were kept in such temporary unbound books as might be improvised for the occasion, and were transferred into the above-named book at this date, and this from which we copy is not the original book, which had become much worn and torn by long usage, but a TOWN OF RICHMOND. 29 copy which was made by Geo. Newell, in 1878, by order of the town, in which we regret to say some inaccuracies manifestly appear. This town meeting was the herald of a new life for the settlers. Many were anxious for the time when they were to assume the duties of freemen in the management of their municipal affairs. Many things were needed to be done for the common weal, which only united effort could accomplish. The most pressing was the need of better roads, and to this matter the newly-elected officers at once directed their attention, in the laying out of various roads in the paths already trod. Some of these will be traced out for the purpose of showing the true condition of affairs in relation to the relative position of the families to each other, their way of communication, and the most convenient centres of population ; but before we proceed to this, a few brief observations may not be out of place in relation to this first town meeting. The question arises, where was it held? The answer is "At the house of John Cass, Innholder." But where was this house? many will ask, as no house bearing that name has been known for a long time before. The last of this old historic inn was taken down by the owner some years ago. Without keeping the reader in suspense, we would say that the house last occupied by Jeremiah Amadon was a part of the original house. The old John Cass farm is now owned by Perley Amadon, and the original buildings were located about one, fourth of a mile S. W. of Mr. Amadon's present resi- dence. Timothy Cole and Simeon Cook lived here before the Amadous bought the premises. The old hotel was located on the main thoroughfare through town, and was of ample dimensions for the accom- 30 HISTORY OF THE modation of its guests no doubt, and answered quite well for meetings of the inhabitants. Town meetings JOHN CASS' INN. were held here for fom- years in succession ; this indi- cates a central point of the population, which undoubt- edly it was at the time of the holding of this meeting. Before this renowned old inn and landmark was demolished, the lines of Longfellow, in "The Tales of a Wayside Inn ", would not be inappropriate : As ancient is this hostlerj As any in the land may be. Built in the old colonial day When men lived in a grander way, With ample hospitality; A kind of old Hobgoblin Hall Now somewhat fallen to decay, With weather stains upon the wall And stairways worn, and craz3' doors, And creaking and uneven floors, A»d c/n'/in/rys huge and tiled and tall. A region of repose it seems A place of slumber and of dreams Remote among tlie wooded hills! TOWN OF RICHMOND. 31 LIST OF VOTERS AT THE FIRST TOWN MEETING. Jonathan Atherton, Solomon Atherton, Moses Allen, Ezra Allen, Edward Ainsworth, Abraham Barrus, Jacob Bump, Constant Barney, David Barney, Joseph Barney, Jedediah Buffum, Jonathan Buffum, Daniel Cass, Deacon John Cass, Joseph Cass, Thomas Crane, azariah cumstock, Azariah Cumstock, Jr., MosEs Cumstock, Aaron Cumstock, Abner Cumstock, John Dandley, Jonathan Gaskill, Silas Gaskill, Sylvanus Harris, Uriah Harris, Anthony Harris, Ephraim Hix, Peter Holbrook, Henry Ingalls, Edmund Ingalls, William Josslyn, Thomas Josslyn, James Kingsley, Stephen Kempton, John Martin, Gideon Man, Oliver Mason, Elijah Meader, Reuben Parker, Israel Phillips, David Russell, Abraham Randall, Joseph Razee, John Robinson, Timothy Robinson, Daniel Read, David Read, John Scott, Jonathan Sweet, John Sprague, Timothy Thompson, Jeremiah Thayer, Alles Thayer, Nehemiah Thayer, Nathaniel Taft, Silas Taft, Jonathan Thurber, Thos. Wooley, John Wooley. 32 HISTORY OF THE TOWN OFFICERS. Most of the men chosen to fill these offices were connected with the town by large material interests — were land-holders, had large families mostly grown up, and were the older men of the town, and had been here as long as any, and hence these consider- ations, together with their ability for management, induced their townsmen to entrust them with the direction of town affairs. John Cass was honored with three important offices, viz., moderator, select- man, and town treasurer, and these would indicate the high appreciation in which he was held. Daniel Cass comes next on the list to share the honors of the day, having the offices of town clerk and selectman conferred upon him, the duties of which he appears to have been fully competent to discharge. John Martin, whose name figures largely in the first annals of the town, was chosen on the board of selectmen ; he was a large land-owner, a man of prominence in the early history of the town, and whose name has been handed down more numerously through his descendants than any other of the early settlers. Timothy Thompson was chosen constable. He lived next east of John Cass', on the main road, and at his house some of the town meetings were after- wards held, and his name is frequently mentioned in connection with various offices of the town. TITHING-MAN. In those times they had an officer termed " Tithing- man," whose duty it was, in part, to enforce such laws and regulations as then existed for a proper observ- ance of the sabbath, but more particularly his duty TOWN OF RICHMOND. 33 was to exercise authority over unruly youngsters in attendance on meetings for public worship. John Dandley was selected to fill this office, and from the various public positions afterwards entrusted to him we infer he was well fitted for the place. His is one of the names that disappeared from the town after a few years. These tithing-men usually carried a cane or rod with which to rap or strap offenders, and often were a terror to the boys who might be coasting, skating^, or engaged in other sports on Sunday. That no tithing-man has been chosen for the last fifty years must be evidence that the young are either improving in behavior or that the old are less atten- tive to morals. Two highway surveyors were chosen in anticipa- tion of roads to be laid out by the newly-elected board of selectmen : Jonathan Gaskill, who settled on the farm owned now by Jesse BoUes, for the east part, and Joseph Cass for the west part of the town. This Joseph was a son of John Cass, and lived on the Dan. Buffum farm. Having given a brief account of the first town meeting and of the officers chosen for the first year, we will now present some of their doings, which consisted chiefly in LAYING OUT THE FIRST ROADS. The first work of the kind in hand was the laying- out of what must be considered the most important travelled way in town at that time, of which the fol- lowing is a copy of the return : A Return of the Highway in the town of Richmond in New Hampshire Province in New England laid out by the selectmen of ye Town the 8th day of May A. D. 1765 Beginning at Winchester line at the path that leads through Richmond to Royalston, Run- 34 HISTORY OF THE ning with ye Path as it is now trod, By the House of Joseph Cass, Francis Norwood, John Dandley, John Cass, Timothy Thompson, Azariah Cumstock, Daniel Cass, and Jacob Bump, until it comes to the land of Silas Gaskill, to a Rock Maple marked with H. W. Then turning North to a Coblen Rock with stones on it, then North and by East to a Coblen Rock with stones on it, then North East and by East to a Beech tree marked H. W., then North not Eas-t to the South West corner of Israel Phillips' lot, then North to the Southwest corner of Jonathan Sweet's lot. This is the first recorded action of the fathers of the town in laying out roads. How can the line of this highway be traced? As the description is mostly from one house to another, the problem can be solved by determining the location of the houses named. It is evident the path was followed the entire distance. The road or path followed was evidently the first made in town, and was part of the road leading from Northfield to Lunenburg, through Winchester, Rich- mond, Royalston, Winchendon, and other towns, made about 1735, under supervision of Col. Josiah Willard, senior, whose residence was at Lunenburg, but at the time was in command of Fort Dummer, at Brattleboro'. This old road, then, antedates the set- tlement of the town nearly thirty years, and was the way by which the first setders entered town. The road was opened by direction of the authorities of Massachusetts about the time that the charter of Winchester was granted, which town, together with the territory embracing Richmond, Keene, and Char- lestown No. 4, was claimed as belonging to Massa- chusetts at that time. The road in this town probably commenced on the Winchester line near where the Ashuelot turnpike afterward was laid, and running easterly by the house of Joseph Cass (located on the southerly side of Dan. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 35 Buffum's farm), thence south-east to the adjoining lot by Francis Norwood's (the old cellar of the house may still be seen), thence north-east by John Dand- ley's (now Preston Freeman's), thence by John Cass' inn, thence easterly by Timothy Thompson's (the old house-spot may be seen on the south side of Geo. W. Randall's farm), thence by Azariah Cumstock's (which was near the west end of the road by Roscoe Weeks'), thence following this road by Weeks' to Daniel Cass' (this was where Jonas Wheeler now lives), thence diverging south-east, rounding Muddy pond (near which was located at this time Jacob Bump), thence through the Pond woods and oyer Devil-stair hill to the house of Silas Gaskill (this was the next place north of where Henry Ballou now lives), thence through the Boyce neighborhood to the north-east part of Royalston. The selectmen in their laying out diverged north- wardly at Gaskill's and went to Israel Phillips' lot (known as the Daniel Cass place, and now owned by Mrs. Amos A. Flint), and finally continuing to Jon- athan Sweet's south-west corner (this was the lot of land on which the house now occupied by Joseph Whitcomb is situated; ; hence this road terminated near the top of Gaskill hill, so called, where Jonathan Sweet at that time had a log house. This highway at Silas Gaskill's connected with the road leading to Royalston, which was then in use, but not laid out as a lawful highway, and was located near the present travelled way through that part of the town. We have been thus particular in giving such a de- scription of this old road as we hope will render the location clear to those who may not be familiar with the location of these old settlers. Many of the roads 36 HISTORY OF THE afterwards laid out extending north and south, con- necting with this, but long since discontinued, are of no special interest to the historian as they stand re- corded. Our space does not admit of giving to other roads laid out about this time the extended notice given to this, hence only a few more which were of special interest to the public will be considered. 1766. The early settlers believed in rotation in office, as appears by the frequent changes in all town offices, except that of town clerk. In the second year of their municipal life, they made a clean sweep and elected all new officers, adding two to the board of selectmen and assessors, making five in all. The annual meeting was held again at the house of John Cass, innholder, or Deacon John ' Cass, as named elsewhere, and Abraham Randall was chosen mod- erator, and the five selectmen consisted of the follow- ing, viz. : David Thurber, David Barney, Edward Ainsworth, Abraham Randall, and John Scott. Henry Ingalls took the place of Daniel Cass, as town clerk, which office he continued to hold for • more than twenty years insuccession ; John Dandley was chosen " Deer Reef." This officer was em- powered to enforce the law against the killing or destroying of young deer in the spring of the year, which office was annually filled, until there were no deer to be preserved. Previous to 1767, the State had not been divided into counties, and questions relating to the forma- tion of a new county for this section of the Province began to be agitated. Edward Ainsworth was chosen a committee-man to act in the town's behalf concern- ing a new county ; the matter of the shire-town was important to all, and created a lively interest at the TOWN OF RICHMOND. 37 time. As no action of the town is recorded on an article in the warrant " To see if Keene would suit for a county-town," we infer that the matter was left for their committee-man, Ainsworth, whose views probably were known, to act as he might see fit. We will briefly pass over 1768, in which no event of public interest occurred ; the usual routine busi- ness was transacted, roads accepted, and officers chosen. In 1769 the town meeting was called "in the ninth year of His Majesty's reign," being the first refer- ence to his Majesty in the book, and voted that Henry Ingalls should keep the law book. This was evi- dently the book before mentioned, Jn which the doings of the town were recorded, bearing date Feb- ruary 24, 1770, when the entries were first made therein. For some reason unknown, in 1770 the form of calling the town meeting from the form before used, viz., " In the name of the people of the Province of New Hampshire," was changed to the words, "In His Majesty's name." During this year, the first road was laid out by courses and distances, and was that part of the main highway leading from Royalston to Swansey, extend- ing from the State line north four miles and fifty rods, intersecting somewhere with the road before laid out from John Martin's to Swansey, on the west side of the valley by the Joseph Newell place. Abraham Randall was chosen " Vendue Master," the first offi- cer of the kind chosen. * RAISING MONEY. Prior to 1 771, there is nO record of any town grants for any purpose, but at the annual meeting this year, 38 HISTORY OF THE fourteen pounds was raised for schooling, and schools were to be held in six several places. This was the first effort made to estabhsh public schools. Prob- ably some may have combined in neighborhoods for schooling purposes, and others taught their children at home in the rudiments of learning. The board of selectmen, hitherto chosen, had been elected as assessors, but at the March meeting this year the town chose Daniel Cass, Wm. Goddard, and Silas Gaskill, assessors. The selectmen afterwards gen- erally were the assessors. John Dandley was chosen " Captain," or " Master of the Fair," the first officer of the kind named in the records ; what the duties of this officer were, are not fully understood at present. By one of the provisions of the original charter, the town was at liberty of holding two fairs, one the first Tues- day in June, and the other the first Tuesday in No- vember, intended probably to be similar to fairs held in England, for the exhibition and sale of agricultural products, and perhaps articles of domestic manufac- ture. How many, if any, of these were held, does not appear, probably none after the commencement of the Revolutionary war. RELIGIOUS RIGHTS. A committee consisting of Jedediah Buffum, Tim- othy Thompson and Jonathan Atherton was chosen to take care of the religious rights belonging to the town. By the charter one whole share of the town- ship was to be for the first settled minister ; one whole share for the Incorporated Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts ; one whole share for a glebe for the ministry of the Church of England, as TOWN OF RICHMOND. 39 by law established. The religious rights entrusted to this committee probably embraced some if not all the shares above named. These shares finally re- verted to the town, and were sold in 1796, except the share to the first minister, Rev. Maturin Ballou, which he finally re-deeded to the town. 1771. — CHESHIRE COUNTY ORGANIZED. As before related, the town had taken action in the matter of the formation of a new county, and its voice had been heard through Edward Ainsworth, the com- mittee-man, in relation to the best town for the county- seat. Keene, from its central position, and other rea- sons, was selected. The ordinary county courts, to- gether with the registry of deeds were herein estab- lished this year — hence new political duties devolved upon the town in the selection of jurymen. A town meeting was held the first of October of this year, to choose a grand juror, and draw a petit juror. Jon- athan Thurber was chosen for the former and Peter Holbrook drawn for the latter for the October term. This choosing and drawing jurymen in open town meeting, appears to have been the custom in those times ; in the warrant calling this meeting appears the first mention of the county of Cheshire. The town at the annual meeting voted "To peti- tion to have the Land re-annexed that was set off to Swansey," and as no further mention is made any- where of this matter, it is probable that the prayer of the petitioners was not favorably received, and that was the end of it. 40 HISTORY OF THE RECEIPT FOR PROCLAMATION MONEY. Province of \ New Hampshire, / Portsmouth March ye i5 A.D. 1771. Received of Col. Josiah Willard of Winchester Twenty three pounds nineteen shillings and nine pence Proclamation money being in full for his Majesty's Quit Rents due from the Town of Richmond up to the first day of Jan. 1771. JOHN HURD, Receiver of the Quit Rents. Examined and received by Henry Ingalls Town Clerk. This was the money mentioned in the charter — of one shilling annually, after ten years, to be paid for the support of his Majesty's government for every hundred acres each proprietor might have. This may have been the last money paid for this purpose, for soon the war commenced, and the quit rents ceased. 1772. — The annual meeting was held at the house of Jedediah Buffum, innholder. The town raised £70 for repair of highways — the first recorded grant of the town for that purpose. The town had chosen Jonathan Thurber, Anthony Harris, and Oliver Capron, selectmen, and afterwards ad- journed to Constant Barney's barn and there chose six more on the board of selectmen, viz. : Daniel Cass, Jonathan Gaskill, Timothy Thompson, Jona- than Atherton, Joseph Cass, and John Dandley, and after making choice of these, adjourned to September 1st, at which time they reconsidered the vote by which the six additional ones were chosen, and in this sum- mary way turned them out. The barn to which this adjournment was made was on the place where Wil- liam Buffum and his son Esek recently lived, but was owned at that time by Barney. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 4I 1773- — SETTLEMENT WITH TOWN OFFICERS. A committee previously appointed to settle with the town officers for their past services reported that they had attended to that duty, and that all had freely given to the town all they had done since 1765. The report appears to have been satisfactory, as the town then voted to sink £3 they had raised to pay for such services. FIRST CENSUS, 1773. Unmarried men from 1 6 to 60, 32 Married men, 112 Boys i6 and under, 257 Men 60 and upwards, 5 Females unmarried, 218 Females married, 115 Widows, 6 Total, 745 Oliver Caprbn, Moulton Bullock, Silas Gaskill, Selectmen. ABOUT INDIANS, AND HOW THEY KILLED A TRAV- ELLER ON HIS WAY TO NORTHFIELD. But little can be said with certainty about the aborigines of this section. That it was within the territorial limits of the Nipmucs there can be no doubt. These were the inland tribes north of the Pequots and Narragansetts. They roamed up and down the valley of the upper Connecticut, and their hunting grounds extended to undefined limits on either side of the river. Their boundaries were natural rather than artificial ; mountains, rivers, and lakes were landmarks sufficiently accurate for bounds, and also served as guides in their wander- 42 HISTORY OF THE ings. Their trails were from one mountain peak to another in lines quite direct from Wachusett to Mount Grace, from Mount Grace to the Monadnock, and so on ad infinitum, or else by the Connecticut, Ashuelot, and other rivers. There is no positive proof that this was the lodgment or headquarters of any tribe. No large number of Indian relics abound. The number of arrow-heads, battle-axes, agricultural or other tools found are quite limited. No signs of In- dian planting fields were discovered by the first set- tlers ; but that this was a favorite hunting ground there can be no doubt, for the woods and streams afforded a bountiful supply of game and fish. The Nipmucs, while less numerous than those tribes nearer the sea- shore, were equally savage and hostile. Their war- riors, when united for a given object, were formid- able. Such were the auxiliaries they furnished to TOWN OF RICHMOND. 43 King Philip in his bloody war with the whites in 1676, which war in the end proved alike disastrous to the Nipmucs and the shore Indians. Their tribal relations were so disturbed and broken up by this war that the remnants of these inland Indians were impelled, through motives of self-preservation, to abandon forever the home of their ancestors and the graves of their fathers, and seek asylum among the more powerful tribes of the north and west. Hence, the country hereabouts at the time of settlement was comparatively free from the dominion of the native tribes, and the only fear of molestation was from hostile tribes of the north in league with the French in times of colonial warfare. There is no record or tradition of any inhabitant of the town ever having lost his life by Indians, but the following story, handed down from various sources, is in the main probably correct, by which we learn a traveller in passing through the town, was waylaid and killed. The story, as related, is that two brothers by name of Rogers, on horseback, in going from Boston to Northfield, and before the town was settled — say about 1755, or near the close of the French and Indian war — journeyed together as far as Winchen- don, where, for some cause unknown, they separated. One proposed to continue his journey by going through Richmond as the better way to reach his destination, while the other remonstrated against the plan as being exceedingly hazardous, and, if per- sisted in, that he surely would be killed by the Indians. What reasons he had for entertaining this opinion does not appear. Whether Indians had been seen in the vicinity we know not, but at any rate the reasons assigned and arguments used were 44 HISTORY OF THE insufEcient to dissuade him from his purpose, and he resolutely proceeded on his chosen way, after say- ing to his brother " that no Indian would ever be able to kill him." Nothing worthy of note occurred to the traveller it is presumed, as he travelled the newly- made path through the wilderness, until towards nightfall, when by the wayside he had a glance of some Indians, and about the same time received a shot in the thigh, which fractured the bone and killed his horse. In this disabled condition, he was bounced upon by the one that had fired the shot, with tomahawk in hand, but such was the strength and prowess of the man that he wrenched the weapon from the Indian and threw him on the ground, and would have killed him if the other had not interposed and, by a murderous blow with his battle-axe, in- flicted a mortal wound on the head of his victim. This tragic event occurred on the old road which led from Winchester to Royalston, over what is called " Devil Stair Hill," and was perhaps a half mile east of John Cass' inn, on the farm of Timothy Thompson, since known as the Enos Holbrook place. The remains of the murdered man were afterwards removed to Northfield for interment. Pieces of the saddle which they had cut up in order to get the better parts of the leather for their use were found near the spot years after, when the place was owned by Mr. Holbrook. It was afterwards ascertained that there were but two Indians, an old man and his son ; that the father was averse to killing the traveller, and tried in vain to persuade the youngster not to shoot, and finally would not have interfered in the contest only to save his son's life. This ex- planation of their motives and doings in the case, they TOWN OF RICHMOND. 45 told to somebody in the vicinity of Brattleboro', while on their way to their tribal home in the north-west. WILD BEASTS. The early settlers were exceedingly annoyed at times by bears and wolves, more particularly the latter, which infested the surrounding forest in con- siderable numbers, ever ready when opportunity presented to prey on such domestic animals as might come within their reach. Doubtless man}' a tale of thrilling adventure and perilous escape might have been recorded at the times they occurred, which would have presented to the reader feats of unsur- passed daring, thereby enhancing the admiration which heroic deeds ever inspire ; but, unfortunately, little can be gleaned from any sources of informa- tion now at hand. We know, indeed, that it must have been a pressing necessity that prompted the offering of liberal bounties for the extermination of some of these beasts, the frequent mention of which may be found in the recorded acts of the town. When we reflect that safety for the flocks and herds could only be secured by corralling the same at night, we can well imagine how great must have been their solicitude to be rid of these beasts, for even the security afforded by pens and barns was 46 HISTORY OF THE often inadequate for full protection. How often the weary denizens of the log houses may have been aroused from their slumbers at midnight by the dismal wails of their affrighted animals, molested by the stealthy approach of voracious beasts, we may never know, but that such scenes were of frequent occurrence there can be no doubt, as the legends of the olden time abundantly corroborate. BEAR FIGHTS. The most notable of single-handed encounters with wild beasts which have come down to us by oral tra- dition were the fights which Deacon John Cass and Captain Amos Boorn severally had with bears. Deacon John Cass, keeper of the famous inn where the first town meet- ings were held, had made a clearing of several acres, had built his house and stocked his farm with cattle, sheep, and swine, which nightly were brought to the farmyard and put in places of comparative safety. Such were the surroundings, when early one morning in the month of April, about the break of day, he was suddenly startled by a noise indicat- ing disturbance in the folds. Hastening at once to learn the cause of the commotion, he discovered a huge black bear by his slieep-pen trying to help himself to a bit of mutton, tor which his appetite, no doubt, had a keen relish. Mr. Cass, impul- sive and courageous, attacked bruin with a pitch- fork near at hand, and for a while the result of the TOWN OF RICHMOND. 47 contest was uncertain. The bear stoutly resisted, warding off the blows as a bear knows how, until, by a lucky thrust, the beast was impaled on the tines of the fork, and even then Mr. Cass might not have come off the victor if his invincible courage had not been supplemented by great strength and persever- ance ; but as it was, these proved more than a match for his brute antagonist. The combat which Captain Amos Boorn had with a bear is of nearly equal interest to the one already narrated, as appears by the following extract from a paper containing a brief history of the East District, No. 13, by Silas Whipple, 1858 : — One day Mr. Boorn observed a huge bear near the spot where this house stands (School-house No. 13) making preparations to feast on some of his domestic animals, and as he did not feel dis- posed to be an eye-witness of such an exhibition without taking an active part in the affair, he returned to his house, took his faithful gun from its resting place, and proceeded to the scene of action ; but, unfortunately, he did not succeed in conquering his antagonist before his slugs were all used. His only resort then was to his coat-buttons. Having shot them away, and yet Bruin, unwilling to surrender the combat, became desperate, when Jacob Bump came to the rescue, and by a well-directed blow with his axe, despatched the beast. .BEAR AND WOLF HUNTS. Bear hunts were common in the early times, and were seasons of peculiar enjoyment from the exciting nature of the chase, and the many engaged in beating the bush for the hidden game. An event of this kind afforded a theme for town talk and neighborhood gos- sip at a time when a ripple of excitement occasionally added more to the general enjoyment than at present. The last bear-hunt in town came off as late as 1829. 48 HISTORY OF THE ' A report was circulated very extensively that a bear had been seen in the Pond woods, near Royalston line, and a request accompanied the report for a rally to kill or capture the beast. Accordingly, on the day agreed upon all who were willing were to turn out in mass and surround the woods, and from thence, by agreement, all were to move to a common centre, and by these means be enabled to discover the " varmint," or his hiding place. The programme was fairly carried out. Men, old and young, with " old Queen's arms " and rifles, were on hand eager for the spbrt. Some carried tin horns, some tin pans, and others such rattle-to-bang instruments as they might improvise to frighten the beast from his lair ; but all to no avail. The brute had either eluded their vigilance or taken up quarters elsewhere. The latter theory subse- quently proved correct, for, not long after, the bear was killed in Royalston at a hunt gotten up for the purpose, and thus ended the last bear hunt, much to the discomfiture of some of the Richmond hunters, who were eager for the prize, but to the joy of marks- men of a neighoring town. Wolves were more common and also more trouble- some than bears among the flocks and herds. Noise- lessly and stealthily stealing abroad at night, often in packs, they made sad havoc of flocks- of sheep and of herds of young cattle left without due protection against their nocturnal visits. At other times they gathered in large numbers to some common rendez- vous, and held high carnival, making night hideous with their bowlings. The last wolf- hunt we can glean any knowledge of was in the north-west part of the town, about 1788, and after the town ceased to off'er bounties for wolves' heads. The particulars TOWN OF RICHMOND. 49 of this hunt are now unknown, only in this, that the animal was killed, and consequently that that part of the town was relieved from the apprehension of future visits from the unwelcome intruders. NOTED HUNTERS IN THE EARLY TIMES. Among those who became celebrated as hunters in the early time, the name of Moses Cumstock has been handed down as one of the most successful. He was the first settler on what has generally been known as the Caleb BufFum place. He sought out and killed the more venomous — such as wolves, lynx, bears, and catamounts. Possessed of dauntless courage, single-handed he attacked these beasts with- out hesitancy, oftentimes under circumstances of great peril and danger, and such was his skill that he rarely failed to secure his game. Another of the Cumstocks, Abner, who lived on the place now owned by Hiram P. Sprague, was almost equally successful as a hunter. He scoured the woods in the west part, while Moses ranged Grassy hill, the valley of the TuUy, and the Pond woods. Jacob Bump, when he lived on the place now owned by George B. Hadley, was successful in securing game. During one winter he captured and killed six deer and a moose, the latter was taken near the brook above Martin's mill, hence for a long time afterwards this locality was called " Moose Valley." Captain Amos Boorn, who lived on the farm now owned by Calvin Martin, was a bear-hunter, and especially successful in ridding the country of these pests. Deacon John Cass could fight bears or any- thing else that came in his way, but was not a profes- 4 50 HISTORY OF THE sional hunter. Daniel Ballou, at a later date, became famous as a marksman, and did good service in clear- ing out the remnants that occasionally prowled through the forest in the east part of the town. LEGENDS OF THE OLDEN TIME. Hovj William Goddard Saved his Pig. Mr. William Goddard, soon after his settlement on the lot of land lying between the mills and the Alvan Barrus place, the site of whose house is still visible near a large elm on the west side of the road, was awakened at an unseasonable hour from his slumbers some time in the early spring of 1772. The cause of his disquietude was unmistakable. The pig in the pen near at hand had evidently been disturbed, as the high pitch in the key-notes proceeding therefrom seemed to indicate. A glance at the situation re- vealed at once the cause of the uncommon commo- tion. A black bear, common to the region, was in the act of bearing away from the enclosure the chief reliance of the family for sausage and bacon. No time was lost in needless skirmishing at a distance. The needful preparations were soon completed, hastened no doubt by the piercing . squeals of his pigship. A loaded gun, always kept in readiness for any sudden emergency, was brought into use. The first discharge, misdirected no doubt in the momentary excitement, caused him to loosen his hold on the pig, but was not effective in preventing his escape to the bush near by. The sequel of the affair was that a grand bear-hunt was gotten up by the neighboring settlers a day ' or two after, and two TOWN OF RICHMOND. 5 1 bears that had infested the neighborhood, much to the annoyance of the settlers in that section, were killed and brought to the tavern of Deacon John Cass, where a division was made of the spoils, amidst the mutual rejoicings of the hunters and settlers there assembled. How Nathan Aldrich's Wife Drove a Wolf from her Door-yard. It SO happened, in the spring of 1771, that Mr. Nathan Aldrich had occasion to make a journey to his native town of Mendon, and as considerable time must necessarily elapse before his return, he gave specific orders to a young man* living in the family how to proceed in case they were molested with wolves that were lurking in the vicinity, and whose frequent visits of late had been the cause of much annoyance to the family. He gave minute directions about loading the gun, where it should be kept, and how' handled. His dog, a spunky little cur indeed, but too small to cope with a wolf, he left behind for the better protection of the household. Not long after his departure, the family were aroused by the cries of the dog while being chased by the wolf into the door-yard, when soon a fierce tussle ensued be- tween the beasts. At this critical moment, when it appeared probable that the dog could not much longer withstand the onslaught of the wolf, Mrs. Aldrich ordered the youngster to shoot the beast, but whether from nervousness, irresolution, or want of courage, may never be known, he could not be in- * Daniel Peters. 52 HISTORY OF THE duced, either by threats or persuasions, to make the attempt. In this emergency, nerved to desperation by seeing the faithful dog torn to pieces in her presence, without more ado she sallied forth with the implement nearest at hand, a heavy white-birch broom. This raised aloft, and with a yell of defiance, she went for him with amazonian bravery, and so affrighted the wolf that he took to his heels and sought shelter in the nearest covert. The dog was found to be badly lacerated, but finally, after a while, recovered, and was more prized than ever for the grit he had shown in trying to defend himself and the family of which he seemed to constitute a part, in an affray which, while it cast lustre on the dog, dimmed the reputation of the irresolute, nervous young man, whose name soon became the synonym of cowardice and imbecility, and his departure from that locality was materially hastened, from the un- flattering comments of the neighbors who had heard of the part he took in the transaction. Nor was this all the mishap to the poor young man ; to cap the climax, the girl who had favorably received his attentions gave him the mitten, and he went, un- doubtedly, sorrowing away, a lesson to all other aspiring youngsters always to act a manly part, in all emergencies of life. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 53 How Moses Cumstock Killed a Panther. The adventure which Moses Cumstock, who was the first settler on the farm known as the Caleb Buffum place, had with a catamount, or panther, is of nearly equal interest as a feat of courage and indomitable pluck to that related of General Putnam and the wolf. The Cumstocks, of whom there were four in the early history of the town, were noted and mighty hunters, who, like Nimrod of olden time, were renowned for their prowess and dexterity in exterminating voracious beasts, thereby making it possible for civilized man to occupy and cultivate the land. Mr. Cumstock, as was his wont at intervals between the more pressing engagements of his farm- ing operations, started out one morning in quest of game. Accompanied by his dog, he made his way to Grassy hill, in the east part of the town. Here he haply came upon the lifeless body of a deer, partly devoured, as it appeared, by some wild animal that very morning. The track was immediately taken by the dog, and pursuit was made in the direction of Cass pond, over Devil-stair hill, and thence southerly, near the Falls, to TuUy moun- tain, in the east part of Orange. The chase had been long and exciting, and withal wearisome; it must have been, in traversing a rough country, through woods obstructed at every step by wind- falls and underbrush. Our hero, nerved by the hope of securing his game, followed up the pursuit with unflagging zeal, although it was late in the day when the beast was brought to bay in a cave, or den, formed of rocks, on the side of the mountain. The shades of night were fast enclosing the landscape, 54 HISTORY OF THE and the animal, in a ferocious, defiant attitude, was but dimly seen in the cavern, when Cumstock, with steady aim, discharged his rifle between what ap- peared to be two orbs of fire glaring with infernal malignity. Hastily loading again, he entered the approach to the lair of the beast, ready at once to re- peat the discharge if signs of life should appear ; but, fortunately, the first shot had done its work. The panther, prostrate and lifeless, was drawn from the den, and on the morrow was transported to the hun- ter's home, amidst the rejoicing and joyful acclama- tions of all on the line of his triumphant return. The animal proved to be the largest of the species ever taken in the township, and sufficiently powerful, as appeared by his muscular development, to have destroyed any of the domestic animals with which it might have come in contact. The skin was dressed for a robe, and was used for that purpose by Mr. Cumstock while he remained in town, and was car- ried by him, when he moved to the state of New York, as a memento of his valor, courage, and per- sistency, in one of the most thrilling encounters con- nected with the early histoi-y of the town. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 55 CHAPTER II. WAR OF THE REVOLUTION. 1775- Condition of Town in 1775 — Richmond Company at Battle of Bunker Hill — Asso- ciation Test — Second Census — Committee of Safety and Inspection — Soldiers in Winchester and Swansey Companies in 1776 — Town Bounties, 1777 — Captain Capron's Company for relief of Ticonderoga — Soldiers in Winchester Company at Battle of Saratoga — Bounties paid, 177S — Soldiers Mustered in at Walpole — Committee chosen to hire Men, 1779 — Quotas for 1780 — Mixed up with Ver- mont — Continental Men in the Service — Cannon taken through Town — Bar- nard Hix and Eleazer Martin — The Currency — The Price of Articles Fixed — Town Action on Salt — Readjustment of the Currency — The Town at Close of the War — The Women of '76. The period embraced between the settlement of the town and the beginning of the war of the Revolution had been to the col- onists uneventful. They had been permitted to devote their energies to the clearing up and improvement of their farms, un- disturbed by war or other com- motion which had been the lot of settlers in other places. In the spring of i775, the town had experienced ten years of municipal life, and had made no inconsiderable progress in transform- ing a wilderness into cultivated fields. Most of the land fit for cultivation had been taken up and occu- pied ; still, extensive tracts in the east part had been undisturbed by the woodsman's axe. A cursory cdance at the condition of the town at this time may 56 HISTORY OF THE not be out of place here in forming a true estimate of the services rendered by the first settlers in the Revo- lutionary war. The population of the town was 860, and number of voters about 175. The business centres of the town were at Daniel Cass' and James Cook's, at neither place a village. There were some saw-mills, and one or two grist-mills, two stores and four or five taverns in town. Many of the families were still living in log-houses. They had no meeting- house of any kind, or school-houses of any descrip- tion. Money was extremely scarce, and not much in circulation. Their exchanges were mostly made by barter. Their means of locomotion were extremely limited, mostly confined to horseback riding, or jolt- ing along in the ox-cart — light wagons had not come into use, and covered carriages were not thought of. They had no newspapers or periodi- cals, and no books of any amount. Still, isolated as they were in the midst of deprivations, they were not ignorant of the more important events transpiring. News was transmitted by living messengers from town to town, as they might be journeying through the country. The town talk was largely on topics touching the rights and liberties of the people. They discussed the " Stamp Act," the " Boston Port Bill," and kindred measures. The disregard of the British government to the petitions, remonstrances, and pro- tests of the people for the redress of grievances had been fully considered, and the policy of the king and ministry had been unsparingly denounced. Their gravest apprehensions had been awakened by the quartering of British troops in Boston for the purpose of intimidation and coercion, and it is probable that they foresaw that these continued aggressions on the TOWN OF RICHMOND. $7 rights of the people must result in forcible resist- ance. Such, then, may be considered a fair repre- sentation of the town when the war commenced, and it may be reasonably assumed that the people were not wholly unprepared for the contest at hand ; but it would seem that they were in a condition such as would require an exigency of the most pressing urgency for support before a demand could reason- ably be made on them for personal service in the field. When news of the Concord fight reached them they were busily engaged in the midst of their spring's work. The more active and influential called a meeting of the citizens immediately, for consultation. Some of the leading men in Win- chester were probably there. The situation was fully discussed, and their duties in the emergency duly considered. What they did was wholly volun- tary. No requisition had at this time been made on the town for soldiers. They were not long in ar- riving at a conclusion. They resolved that their rights and liberties must either be defended with force and arms, or else they must submit to the behests of arbitrary power. The former of these alternatives they wisely chose, and prepared themselves as best they could to meet the crisis. The people were well united on the ques- tions at issue. The Quakers, whose principles for- bade them to unite in war, gave their sympathies at least to the popular cause, as appears by their signa- tures on the "Association Test" hereinafter inserted, wherein they signified that they would not "refuse to associate to defend by arms the United -Colonies against the hostile attempts of the British fleets and armies." 58 HISTORY OF THE The number of Tories was quite limited. Only one is known finally to have adhered to the royal cause. Thomas Crane, who owned the farm where Robert Swan afterwards lived, in the hollow, left his farm and family and fled to Nova Scotia, and never returned. Little can be gleaned from the town records in relation to this war. Here and there the record of a vote appears defining what bounty shall be paid to soldiers, or what shall constitute a "turn " in the service, but nothing to show the amount of service, or by whom performed. The first recorded act of the town in sustaining the revolutionary movement and the Continental Con- gress, was on the sixth of April, 1775, when the fol- lowing vote was passed : — Voted, To raise three pounds, eight shillings, which the Con- gress has sent for to this town. This was but thirteen days before the battle of Lexington, and was passed at a meeting held at the house of Deacon John Cass. The recorded action of the town at this time but dimly reflects the patriotic sentiments of the people. The evidence is quite conclusive that there was more unanimity in feeling and in sentiment in this town, in the prosecution of this war, than in either of the others since, in which the town has taken part. The excitement conse- quent on hearing of the Concord fight must have been intense and all-prevading. We may never know all that was done, and still less can we know what was said ; but from their subsequent acts, it may be in- ferred that stirring speeches of the Patrick Henry type were made, by whom we hardly know, but may reasonably infer that Henry Ingalls, Esq., Captain Oliver Capron, Michael Barrus, David Barney, David TOWN OF RICHMOND. 59 Russell, and Rufus Whipple, Esq., were prominent in the work of arousing the people to immediate and united action. The final result of the meeting before alluded to was that nearly a whole company volun- teered under command of Captain Oliver Capron, which company joined Colonel Ephraim Doolittle's regiment, which was commissioned at Cambridge on the twelfth day of June, 1775. This regiment was mostly raised in towns in the north part of Worcester County. Frothingham, in his history of the " Siege of Bos- ton," says that "three hundred of Doolittle's men, under command of Major Willard Moore of Paxton, were engaged in the battle of Bunker Hill." Some BATTLE OF BUNKER HILL. of the Richmond Company certainly were in this engagement. Jeremiah Barrus, Sr., the last of the Revolutionary soldiers in town, often spoke of being in that battle. The roll of this company appears in a return of the same, Oct. 6, 1775, when stationed at 6o HISTORY OF THE Winter hill, in Cambridge. This may be found in the office of the Adjutant-General at Boston, and is probably the only record of the company now extant. The company, soon after this return was made, re- turned to their homes, with the exception of some who enlisted in the Continental army. This completes the record of the town in the war for the year 1775, with the exception of giving the following names of the officers and soldiers of the Richmond company in Colonel Doolittle's regiment, June 12, 1775 : — Capt. Oliver Capron, Lieut. David Barney, Sergt. Henry Ingalls, Sergt Rufus Whipple, Sergt. David Russell, Corp. Hezekiah Thur- ber, Corp. James Westcoat; Privates Solomon Aldrich, William Aldrich, Nathan Barrus, Jeremiah Barrus, William Barney, Samuel Carpenter, Azariah Cumstock, John Ellis, John Garnsey, Abiel Knap, Eleazer Martin, Eli Bage, Daniel Peters, Israel Peters, Timothy Robinson, David Shearman, Jeremiah Thayer, John Wooley. Sixteen others from Winchester, Warwick, and other places, joined this company. Early in the spring of 1776, Congress took pre- cautionary measures to ascertain the state of the popular mind, and to strengthen the cause of liberty and independence, in defence of which the patriots had already taken up arms. The Committee of Safety for New Hampshire sent to the selectmen of the several towns a copy of the resolution of Congress for endorsement. The selectmen of Richmond ob- tained, finally, nearly all the voters of the town. On June 26th, twelve, for reasons set forth, refused to sub- scribe, but after the Declaration of Independence on the fourth of the following month, ten of these united with the others, leaving but two that remained obsti- nate. Among the subscribers to the resolution may TOWN OF RICHMOND. 6l be seen the name of Thomas Crane, who is reported to have been disloyal to the popular cause, but at this time was induced to subscribe to the " Association Test." But two in town were disarmed, viz., Captain Amos Boorn and Jonathan Sweet, and this was done the year before, in 1775. This was probably a hasty and inconsiderate act, as appears from the subsequent action of the town in making ample remuneration for the loss sustained. ASSOCIATION TEST. Colony of New Hampshire. In Committee of Safety, > April 12, 1776. 5 In order to carry the underwritten Resolve of the Honorable Con- gress into execution, you are requested to desire all Males above Twfenty-one years of age (Lunatics, Idiots, and Negroes excepted) to sign to the Declaration on this paper, and virhen so done to make return thereof, together with the name or names of all who shall refuse to sign the same, to the General Assembly or Committee of Safety of this Colony. M. WEARE, Chairman. In Congress, March 14, 1776. Resolved, That it is recommended to the several Assemblies, Conventions, and Councils or Committees of Safety of the United Colonies immediately to cause all persons to be disarmed within their respective Colonies, who are notoriously disaffected to the cause of America, or who have not associated, or refuse to associate, to defend by Arms the United Colonies against hostile attempts of the British fleets and armies. (Copy) Extract from the minutes. CHARLES THOMPSON, Sec'y. SIGNERS IN RICHMOND. Constant Barney, Solomon Atherton, Simpson Hammond, Jer- emiah Thayer, Azariah Comstock, Jr., Samuel Hix, Abraham 62 HISTORY OF THE Barrus, Francis Norwood, Jr., Ephraim Hix, Nathaniel Whipple, [oseph Cass, Edmund Ingalls, Barnabas Thrasher, Ebenezer Ornsbe, Matturian Ballou, Isi-ael Whipple, Reuben Parker, Richard Peters, Oliver Barrus, John Robinson, Ebenezer Peters, John Danly, Peter Holbrook, Elezer Martin, Isaac Benson, Nathan Hadley, Isrill Peters, Daniel Read, John Barrus, John Woolley, Daniel Greens, Joseph Kazej', Ebenezer Cole, John Scott, James Kingsley, Samuel Carpenter, Michael Barrus, Amos Garnsey, Jonathan Jillson, AUes Thayer, Rufus Whipple, John Ellis, John Garnsey, Jonathan Atherton, David Cass, Jeremiah Thayer, Jr., Oliver Garnsey, Oliver Capron, Ichabod Whipple, Timothy Thompson, Azariah Comstock, Dan. Freeman, Ezra Ormsbee, Seth Ballou, David Barney, James Westcott, Moses Comstock, Benjamin Thrusher, Solomon Aldrich, Ezra Day, Ebenezer Bar- rus, Eli Page, Stephen Kempton, Abraham Barrus, Jr., William Goddard, Jeremiah Bullock, Timothy Robinson, Henry Ingalls, Oliver Hix, Nehemiah Thayer, Amos Hix, Abiel Knap, Nath'l Whipple, Jonathan Bozard, Thomas Wooley, Othniel Day, David Sherman, David Hix, Moses Tyler, Abner Aldrich, Jr., Barnard Hix, Jacob Bump, Abraham Randall, Enoch White, Josiah Streaton, Asa Man, Paul Handy, William Aldrich, John Cass, Holab Smith, Jonah Twitchel, Samson Thayer, Aaron Aldrich, Ephraim Taft, Jonathan Bools, Thomas Bowen, Silas Taft, Joseph Newell, Joseph Wing, Abraham Man, John Martin, John Wing, Isquire Whipple, George Martin, Jonathan Gaskill, Grindall Thayer, Robert Works, John Sprague, Francis Norwood, Thomas Crane, Israel Phillips, John Cass, David Russell, Thomas Horton, Oliver Ormsbe, Moses Martin, Silas Gaskill, James Tilson, Peter Martin, John Martin, Jr., Paul Boyce, Joseph Cass, Jr., William Cook, Jeans Ballou, Daniel Cass, Luke Cass, Silas Ballou, Daniel Cass, Jr., Richard Peters, Jr., Hezekiah Thurber, James Ranan, Noah Curtis, Jonathan Sweet, Gideon Man, Amriah Curtis, Daniel Peters, Ezra Allen, Samuel Curtis, Moses Allen, Annanias Aldrich, Joseph Allen, Abner Aldrich, Jedediah BufFum, Tribe Aldrich, Nathan Harkness, Oliver Mason, Jonathan Thurber, George Cook, William Gerney, Nathan Aldrich, Nathan Bullock, Peter Aldrich, Anthony Harris, Uriah Harris, Nathaniel Taft, Artemas Aldrich. Daniel Read, John Danly, Selectmen. August 30th, 1776. Richmond, June the 26th, 1776. To the Hon'ble Provencil Congress : These do Certify the Reason Why we the Subscribers do not sine the Resolution of the Congress in taking up Armes. We do not TOWN OF RICHMOND. 63 Believe that it is the will of God to take away the Lives of our fellow crators, not that we come out against the Congress or the Amarican Liberties, but when ever we are Convinctto the Contory we are Redy to goine our Amarican Brieathen to defend by armes against the Hostile attempts of the British fleets and Armies. Amos Boorn, Luke Cass, Jeans Ballou, Anthony Harris, Enoch White, Uriah Harris, William Cook, Martin Ellis, Annanias Aldrich, Oliver Mason, Thomas Horten, Simson Thayer. — 12. SECOND CENSUS, 1775. The number of the Inhabitence of the town of Richmond is as followeth : — * Mails under 16 years of Age 280 Mails from 16 of Age to 50 not in the Army, 143 AH mails above 50 years of Age, 16 Persons gone in the Army ■ . 26 All Females, 395 Negroes & Slaves for Life, o 860 Guns fit for use, 56 Powder, ■ . 5 lb. The number of fire-arms wanting, 88 The above Account taken by Us Sept. 23, 177s, William Goddard, ■» Enoch White, [ Selectmen. Daniel Read, J 1776. A Committee of Safety, Inspection, and Cor- respondence was chosen Jan. 29, 1776, consisting of Isaac Benson, Michael Barrus, Constant Barney, of Safety and Inspection; Israel Whipple, James Kings- ley, Amos Garnsey, of Correspondence. These were chosen to act in conjunction with the provincial committees of the same name, the object of which was to keep the government fully apprised , 64 HISTORY OF THE of the true condition of the popular cause, and to act as auxiliaries to the authorities in prosecuting the war. Voted at the meeting of January 29, " Not to raise powder money voted last spring." A company, largely recruited in Winchester, was in the service in August, 1776, for the purpose of repelling a threatened attack on our northern frontier. In this company the names of seventeen Richmond men are found, inscribed " In a roll of Capt. Wm. Humphrey's Company, in the northern army, in the Continental Service, as mustered and paid by Samuel Ashley, Esq., Muster-master and Paymaster of said Company," which roll may be found in the archives of the State at Concord. NAMES OF THE RICHMOND MEN IN THE WINCHESTER COMPANY. Israel Whipple, 2d Lieut. ; Daniel Whipple, Corp. ; Benjamin Ellis, Sergt. ; John Wooley, Drummer ; Privates Zebulon Streeter, Henry Ellis, Amos Hicks, Asa Hicks, Azariah Cumstock, Jr., Oliver Garnsey, Amos Garnsey, Simpson Hammond, Ebenezer Peters, James Tilson, John Garnsey, Jr., Moses Cumstock, Daniel Freeman. The following names appear in a Swansey com- pany, as contained in a roll of John Houghton's company, in Col. Baldwin's regiment, for New York, mustered and paid by James Hammond, Esq., muster and paymaster of said company, Sept. 22, 1776, viz. : — Daniel Shearman, AUis Thayer, James Cook, David Barney, Jonathan Kingsley, Abiel Knap, Barnard Hicks, James Westcoat, Caleb Ellis. Timothy Martin and Jesse Martin were in Col. Daniel Moore's regiment, which marched to the de- TOWN OF RICHMOND. 65 fence of New York, agreeable to a requisition of nineteenth day of December, 1776. Jesse Martin may have lived in Warwick at this time. Joseph Allen was in the 2d Regiment of the Con- tinental army, in New York, Sept. 16, 1776. Benjamin Starkey, brother of Joseph, was in the service about two years. He became an invalid, and obtained Jeremiah Barrus as a substitute. 1777. —WAR OF THE REVOLUTION. The following were chosen this year on the Com- mittee of Safety, Inspection, and Correspondence : Michael Barrus, Israel Whipple, Amos Garnsey, Peter Holbrook, and Joseph Cass. At the annual meeting the town refused " to augment the bounty of such soldiers as would volunteer to go in the expedi- tion to Canada." May 16. Voted, That eight months constitute a Turn in the service, and that a bounty of twelvp pounds be given for said service. ' Voted, Also, that all who have done Turns, or parts of Turns, in the war, to have credit in the rates. Voted, To allow the men their expenses, and pay for their time, that went to Cambridge on the alarm at time of the Concord fight in the year 1775. Voted, To raise money to hire men to' go into the service for eight months, or a longer time. Chose Isaac Benson, Capt. Capron, and Constant Barney, a committee to hire the men. Dec. 3. Voted, To increase the bounty to soldiers to twenty- four pounds, instead of twelve, for a Turn, or eight months, to be allowed in the rates. SERVICE PERFORMED IN 1777. In Capt. Davis Howlett's company, of Col. Ash- ley's regiment, which marched from Keene, May 4, 66 HISTORY OF THE 1777, to reinforce the Continental army at Fort Ticonderoga, were Lieut. Edmund Ingalls, Timothy Robinson, Ebenezer Barrus, Sylvanus Cook, John Ellis, Jonathan Kingsley, Israel Peters, Peletiah Razey, John Wooley, Jonathan Westcoat. These were probably all from Richmond. In June, 1777, nearly a whole company was enlisted in Richmond for special service on the northern frontier, the object of which was to relieve Fort Ticonderoga, then under command of General St. Clair, from the threatened attack of General Bur- goyne, whose forces were approaching the place. The company was mustered in at Winchester on the twenty-ninth of June, and from thence marched one hundred and twenty miles to Ticonderoga, there to find that the fort had been evacuated on the fifth of July, and was then in possession of the British, and that the American army was on its retreat towards Fort Edward. As the company enlisted solely for the relief of Ticonderoga, and as this special duty had been performed so far as prac- ticable, they concluded not longer to continue the march, but they returned at once to their homes, having travelled two hundred and forty miles, and received for their services the sum of £208 17s. 8d. The following roll of the company may be found in the Department of State, at Concord : — A Muster Roll of Capt. Oliver Gapron's Company., in Col. Samuel Ashley's Regiment of Militia, tvhic/i marched to the relief of Ticonderoga, iJTj : Capt. Oliver Capron, Lieut. Henry Ingalls, Ensign Rufus Whipple, Sergt. Solomon Atherton, Sergt. Michael Barrus, Corp. John Ellis, Drummer John Woolej ; Privates David Barney, David Hix, Samuel Hix, Simeon Hix, Seth Ballon, Reuben Parker, Eliphalet Hix, Jeremiah Bullock, Stephen Kempton, Benjamin TOWN OF RICHMOND. 67 Ingalls, Jeffrey Amherst Barney, D;ivid Russell, Benjamin Thrasher, Jonathan Bosworth, Philip Aldrich, Peter Holbrook, Asel Harris, Abner Aldrich, Samuel Carpenter, James Cook, Constant Barney, Oliver Barrus, Eli Page, Daniel Thurber, John Barrus, Othnial Day, William Goddard, James Shafter, Ilezekiah Thurber, Samuel Hunting, Israel Whipple. In this company were twenty-three others from Winchester, Warwick, and other phices. Soon after tlieir return, quite a number of this company re- enlisted in a Winchester company, as appears on "A Pay-Roil of Capt. Samuel Wright's Company, in Col. Nichols" Regiment, and General Stark's Brigade of Militia, which Company marched from Winchester, in TROPHIES OF BENNINGTON. the State of New Hampshire, and joined the Northern Continental Army at Bennington and vStilhvater, July 23, 1777 ; including their travel hoine, allowing one day's pay for every twenty miles," which roll may be found in the State Department at Concord. This company was raised to check General Burgoyne in his march from Canada to New York by vva_y of Lake Champlain and the Hudson River, and whose object 68 HISTORY OF THE in this was to sever New England from the other col- onies. His march had been triumphant until a part of his army, under General Baum, was defeated at Ben- nington (August i6) by the Americans under General Stark, and again defeated at Stillwater, September 19, and on October 7, was fought the second battle of Stillwater (or Saratoga), when his whole army was surrendered as prisoners of war to the American forces. Now, this Winchester company was at the battle of Bennington, under General Stark, and in the first battle of Stillwater, September 19, and did good service to the American cause, and were honor- ably discharged September 24, and were paid for two months and two days service, the pay of the privates per month being £4 14s., Continental money. In this company were the following names, viz. : Lieut. Henry Ingalls, Sergt. John Ellis, Corp. Samuel Hicks; Privates Benjamin Ingalls, Eli Page, Eliphalet Hicks, James Shafter, Jeremiah Bosworth, James Cook, Jonathan Kingsley, Jeffrey Barney, Jeremiah Barrus, Joseph Ingalls, James Westcoat, John Wooley, Nathan Bullock, Peletiah Razey, Peter Starkey, Simeon Hicks, Reuben Parker. Lieut. Henry Ingalls was wounded at the battle of Bennington, as we are informed by his grand-daugh- ter, Mrs. Eliza B. Garfield. 1778. January 14th, of this year, the town adopted the policy of extending the time of enlistment, as ap- pears by the following vote : — Voted, To raise men for the Continental Service for fhe duration of this present war with Great Britain, or three years. Chose Rufus Whipple, Edmond Ingalls, and Mr. Nicholas Cook ii committee to hire said men. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 69 At the annual meeting — Voted, That the Committee of Safety stand another year, or until another is chosen. June 15. Voted, Not to increase the bounty put on by the State. Voted, To raise three men to serve until the first of January next, unless sooner discharged. Chose John Barrus, Daniel Read and James Westcoat a commit- tee to hire the men, and to pay the sum or sums the committee shall give for said men. The committee chosen January 14 to hire men for the service, of which Rufus Whipple was chairman, succeeded in obtaining the following recruits for two years, as appears by the following return : — Walpole, Febuary 13th, 1778. This is to Sartifie the town of Richmond that Rufus Whipple hath got mustered Thirteen men for the town of Richmond to Sarve two years in the Conental Sarvis. Peleg Williams, Lieut. ; Jona. Willard, Esq. ; Samuel Royes, Asa Crasson, Henry Carter, Joseph Powers, Nathaniel Powers, Abner Powers, John Symonds, Noah Porter, John Withy, Lewis Clisco, John Smith, Jeams Wier, Thomas Hunt, Jeams Marrel, William Taggart. In the foregoing list are fifteen names, the first two of which may have been intended for witnesses, per- haps ; but evidently none were Richmond men. This completes the record of the town so far as known in this war, for the year 1778. 1779. — July 6, of this year, the town chose Capt. Oliver Capron, Jonathan Atherton, and Benjamin May, a committee to hire men to fill the town quota for the Continental army, and to go to Rhode Island. Sept. 6. Voted, Not to allow the men credit that have done more than their proportion in the war with Great Britain. Oct. 21. Voted, For the General Court to hire one man for said Richmond that is wanting for the Continental Army for one year. yO HISTORY OF THE The above brief record comprises all that now appears of the doings of the town as pertaining to the war in 1779- It is sufficient to know, however, that the town had filled its quotas, with the exception of one man that was "wanting" on the twenty-first day of October ; but how many men the commis- sioners hired, and who they were, we may never know. 1780. June 28, the town was called upon to furnish six men for General Washington's army, and a commit- tee consisting of Isaac Benson, Israel Whipple, and Daniel Read, was chosen to hire the men for six months. They were empowered to engage silver, paper currency, or specie. July 5. "Chose Isaac Benson, Israel Whipple, and David Barney a committee to hire twelve men to go into the service." This committee was authorized "to hire men to go into the service if more are called for before our next annual meeting," and empowered to "give security to the men they shall hire to go into the service, in silver money or paper cun-ency or specie, as they shall think proper." Thus it appears that the town was called upon to furnish at least eighteen men for the Continental army in the year 1780, but whether these quotas were filled does not appear. 1781. — Feb. 7. "Then chose Isaac Benson, Israel Whipple, and David Barney, to hire the twelve men sent for." There is no positive evidence by which we can determine whether this was a new call or the quota of the year before remaining unfilled, but prob- ably the former. At the annual meeting it was voted to pay Enoch White ten pounds " old way " for " his mare that was lost in the time of the evacuation of Ticonderoga, TOWN OF RICHMOND. 7 1 that the town took from him " ; and voted to pay him twenty shillings ' old way ' for his saddle and bridle. " May 2. Voted, That the soldiers that went from this town into the service last year shall receive their bounty and wages from this town out of money that was assessed under New Hampshire, and the remainder be for this town to defray town charges. The reason why the words " assessed under New Hampshire " were used in the foregoing vote was that the town, on the nineteenth of March, 1781, had voted "unanimously to join the State of Vermont," and, in consequence of this transfer of allegiance, the town proposed to retain the state tax money due New Hampshire, and use the same for the purpose set forth in the above vote. June 4, 1781, at a town meeting called "in the name of the State of Vermont, Washington Ss.," it was — Voted, To raise fourteen men under the State of Vermont. Chose Edmond Ingalls, Rufus Whipple, and Noah Curtis a com- mittee to hire said men, and to proceed in that method they shall think most to the advantage of said town. At the same time — Voted, For all the horses that went on the alarm last fall be paid for at the usual rate. July 13, 1781, at a meeting called in the name of the "State of Vermont", held at Hezekiah Man's barn, under an article in the warrant " To see what the town thinks proper to do with the money in the select- men's hands, as the soldiers refuse to take it for their wages," Voted, For the Selectmen to make the best advantage they can of the Continental Money that is in their hands, and in the Constable's hands, that belongs to said town, that the soldiers refuse to take. 72 HISTORY OF THE Also, at the same time, it was — Voted, Not to raise the Continental Men under New Hampshire. Voted, That Amos Boom and Jonathan Sweet shall have pay for their guns that was taken from them in the year 1775, and that Boorn and Sweet be allowed one hundred for one in their rates. 1782. — Richmond, together with other New Hamp- shire towns that had joined Vermont the year before, was obliged to resume its former relationship to New Hampshire, in consequence of the act of Vermont in accepting the Connecticut River as the eastern boundary of the State. Having no officers duly qualified by law to call a town meeting, Samuel Ashley, Esq., of Winchester, issued a warrant for that purpose, April 19, for a town meeting to be held at Hezekiah Man's, May 6, 1782. At this meeting it was — Voted, To proceed to raise twelve Continental men. Whether this was a new call or an unfilled quota at the time the town seceded, we are unable to deter- mine. At any rate, it was the last recorded action of the town in the matter of raising men for the service in the war of the Revolution, as the surrender of General Cornwallis and his army at Yorktown, Va., on the nineteenth of October of that year, virtually closed the war, and hence no more soldiers were wanted. Nov. 4, 1782, at a town meeting held at the Baptist meeting-house, it was — Voted, Not to pay John Scott for a pair of horses that the select- men took from him in the alarm of 1777. By examination of the foregoing pages, it will be seen that the people had rendered important service TOWN OF RICHMOND. 73 in the companies of militia that had been raised pre- vious to 1778. After this time the theatre of the war was transferred from the more eastern section to the middle and southern states. Hence men, whose domestic duties would not permit a long absence, were restrained from marching to the scenes of strife in distant parts. More difficulty was experienced in filling the town quotas during the last years of the war, caused in part by the depreciation of the Conti- nental money, but more largely, perhaps, by reason of the reverses that had attended the American army in the middle and southern states. The Vermont controversy, by causing a divided allegiance of the town for a time, together with the animosity and hatred engendered- thereby towards New Hampshire, may have prevented the prompt filling of the last calls made under New Hampshire ; as also did this unfortunate occurrence cause the town to withhold the New Hampshire state tax, levied for the purpose of carrying on the war. But admist all the reverses, perplexities, and controversies of the time, the record of the town is honorable for the unwavering fidelity manifested throughout for the cause of liberty and in- dependence. While we believe that the list is quite full and complete of those that performed service in the militia companies that volunteered at various times, we feel confident that some Richmond men were in the Continental army of which we have no trace. It is quite probable that many of those whose names appear in the militia companies were soldiers in the Continental army some time during the war. In addition to those afore-named in the army, we find the following names : Eleazer Martin, Barnard Hix, Caleb Thayer, and William Green, the latter coming 74 HISTORY OF THE to town a long time after the war closed. The first three of these died of wounds, or disease contracted in the service. MEN IN THE CONTINENTAL ARMY. As appears on the rolls at Concord, Richmond was represented as follows : — In 1777 — Continental men, 11;, paid .... £465 1778 " " 13, " .... 555 I2S. 1779 " " 5, " . . 180 17S1 — Frontiersmen,. . 15, " . . 162 los. CANNON TAKEN THROUGH TOWN. Some of the cannon used at the battle of Benning- ton were transported from Boston through Richmond, on the old road over Devil-stair hill, and by the John Cass tavern, and it is reported that the sound of the cannonading was distinctly heard in Richmond by Jacob Bump and others on the day of the battle, Aug. 16, 1777. REVOLUTIONARY DOCUMENTS IN THE STATE- ARCHIVES AT CONCORD. Barnard Hix. State of ) New Hamp'r. ' In House of Representatives, Aug't 20th, 1778. The Committee on sick and wounded soldiers, &c., reported tliat having taken under consideration the account of Jane Hix for the TOWN OF RICHMOND. 75 funeral expenses of her husband, Barnard Hix, who died a soldier when belonging to Capt. Stoughton's Company in Col. Baldwin's Regiment, which account amounts to four pounds, eleven shillings and eight pence, are of opinion that the amount of said account be allowed and paid out of the Treasury. (Signed) GEO. KING, For the Committee. Which report being read and considered — Voted, That the same be received and accepted, and that the President give order accordingly. Sent up for concurrence. JOHN DUDLEY, Speaker /ro /«»«. In Council, Aug't 21st, 1778. Read and concurred. E. THOMPSON, Sec'y. I Eleazer Martin. State of \ New Hamp'r. ' In House of Representatives, Nov'r 12th, 1788. The Committee on Petitions of sick and wounded soldiers re- ported their opinion that Eleazer Martin, a soldier in Capt. Ellis' Company and Col. Scammell's Regiment, wounded at the battle near Saratoga, Sept. 19th, 1777, be allowed and paid for his doctor's bill six pounds and four shillings, and that he is entitled to half- pay, agreeable to resolve of Congress, and that he be entered on Roll accordingly, commencing Jan. ist, 1778. All which is humbly submitted. (Signed) NICHL. OILMAN, For the Committee. Which report being read and considered — Voted, That the same be received and accepted, and the President give order of payment to Mr. Daniel Read. REVOLUTIONARY DOCUMENTS. Depreciation of the Currency., 1779- The government, in order to carry on the war of the Revolution, was obliged to issue bills of credit known as Continental money. This, with the state 76 HISTORY OF THE scrip, constituted the circulating medium of exchange during the war. The longer the war continued the more the money depreciated, until the ratio of this CONTINENTAL CURRENCY. scrip to silver was as a hundred to one. The follow- ing tax, assessed in 1779, illustrates more fully the great depreciation at that time, viz. : — 1st Continental Tax Bill, . . . State Tax Bill, 2d Continental Tax Bill,. County Tax Bill, . . Town Tax assessed, School Tax, . . . . . Highway Tax, Total, £ 5. d. f. 1,174 7 6 . 782 iS 6 • • 3.5^3 2 6 . . 68 '9 10 I 4.410 iS 300 . . 800 . . 11,060 6 4 I At the annual meeting, 1779, it was — Votcii, That the pay for working on the highw.iys be $5 a day for a man, 15s. for oxen, and los. for a cart. The depreciadon in 1780 was still greater, as appears by the amount granted for schooling, which TOWN OF RICHMOND. 77 Depreciation in lySo. was £600, and for highways £2,400, equivalent to $3,000 and $12,000, respectively, for these two pur- poses ; and for a bounty on a wolf's head, £60 was offered, equal to $300 in paper. STATING THE PRICE OF ARTICLES. The Tovun Fixes the Price of Merchandise. The people were obliged to resort to legislation to protect themselves against the exorbitant demands of traders and others having articles to sell, when payment was made in Continental or state sci-ip ; and agree-' able to an act that had been passed, authorizing the several towns to fix the prices at which articles should be sold by publishing a list thereof with prices affixed to the same, the town, on the sixteenth of May, 1777, chose Daniel Read, Henry Ingalls, and Amos Garnsey, a committee to " state articles specified in an act passed by this State, and to state all things that shall be thought proper by said Com- mittee ; to notify said articles in the town, and after publishing to be put in execution by all breaches of said act." The Town Action on Salt. One of the greatest inconveniences of the time, and largely the outgrowth of the war, was the scarcity and consequently the high price of salt. The urgency was considered so great by some that they had the matter brought be/ore the town, Dec. 2, 1776 ; but the town at that time evidently had so many burdens to bear that they — Voted. Not to act as a town concerning salt, having each to supply himself as best he could. 78 HISTORY OF THE RECOMMENDATION FOR A READJUSTMENT OF THE CURRENCY, &c. At a Legal town meeting held in Richmond, the 31st day of August last, — Voted, To give our Representatives the following Instructions : To motton to the General Cort, at the Next Seting — first to not grant the Requisition of Congress, at present. Second to receive final settlements at six shillings and eight pence on the pound until the fifteenth of December next for all outstanding taxes. Third to call in all public securitys Drawing Interest that was issued by this state and Cut them into Certifycats and said Certifycats to pay all state county and town taxes and to pay all Executions or to make paper money to Redeem said security and to answer the pur- poses aforesaid. Richmond, September 4th, A. D., 1786. HENRY INGALLS, Town Clerk. By the above it will be seen that the town in 1786 fixed on six shillings and eight pence, or one third of the amount appropriated under inflation, as a just basis in the settlement of back taxes. This recom- mendation in relation to " Certifycats " seems to be equivalent to the plan advocated by some at the present time, of paying all government bonds and dues in greenbacks. In closing this brief notice of the war of the Revo- lution, we would say that it is more than probable that much has been lost of the doings of Richmond men in this war ; the mist of one hundred years enshrouds the events of that period from our view. The personal experiences of the soldiers, their ad- ventures, accidents, and* anecdotes, if spread upon these pages in connection with the dry detail of recorded service, would have given that variety in- dispensable to the completeness of an historical record of this kind. In the general summing up, it may be TOWN OF RICHMOND. 79 truly said that the town went bravely through the war, resolutely performing its duty. Whilst it suf- fered loss, endured hardship, and braved dangers, it was not seriously crippled in its resources, nor were its vital statistics at all impaired. The town was young and full of vitality — was in the process of de- velopment and growth — hence its power of recupera- tion was both rapid and permanent. One of the results indirectly growing out of this service was a spirit of emigration, engendered by the soldiers who went on expeditions to Ticonderoga, Saratoga, and elsewhere, and on their return gave glowing accounts of the then North- West. These reports so full of promise, caused many to pull up stakes and leave. Numbers went to Vermont and New York soon after, seeking for cheaper and better lands. But few of the descendants of the Revolutionary soldiers are now in the town. The following list of soldiers comprises all that are known to have any de- scendants herein, viz. : Capt. Oliver Capron, Heze- kiah Thurber, Jeremiah Barrus, Jeremiah Thayer, Michael Barrus, Seth Ballou, Oliver Barrus, William Goddard, James Shafter, and Peter Starkey. It will be seen that Richmond and Winchester acted largely together in the militia service they ren- dered during the Revolutionary war. Winchester soldiers joined Captain Capron's company in 1775, and Richmond soldiers were in Captain Humphries' and in Captain Wright's companies in 1776 and 1777. This indicates, a fraternal feeling existing between the two towns at that time, and the same is probably true during all the time since. This town has ever had more trade and intercourse with Win- 8o HISTORY OF THE Chester than with other towns ; and, at the present time Richmond is quite fully represented in the popu- lation of Winchester, and it may fairly be presumed that the latter town has gained by the acquisition. THE WOMEN OF SEVENTY-SIX. The women who shared with the men of the Revo- lutionary period in the toils, privations, and difficulties attendant on a new settlement in the wilderness, to- gether with the additional burden of a long and BELLES OF '76. exhaustive war, are entided to special mention. When the husbands and fathers were away in the service, the care of the household and farm largely fell upon them. The family must have been quite de- pendent for support on the labor of the soldiers, as no state aid was regularly furnished (as in the late war) to TOWN OF RICHMOND. 8l the needy and destitute ones. The self-sacrifices made by the women of this period would, undoubtedly, make an interesting chapter of the times, if the incidents pertaining to the same could be snatched from that oblivion to which they have been mostly consigned. The foregoing cut, representing the "Belles of Seventy-six," may not be wholly appli- cable to the women of our town in all the toilet arrangements therein exhibited, but it may be safely assumed that in their " go-to-meeting fixings " they were not inferior, either in natural charms or in fashionable dress, to others of that time, for which this cut is a fit representation. 82 HISTORY OF THE CHAPTER III. THE NEW HAMPSHIRE GRANTS, AND THE VERMONT CONTROVERSY. The New Hampshire Grants — The Masonian Line, and the Vermont Controversy — Time of Annual Meeting Changed — Formation of Constitution of New Hamp- shire — Adoption of the Federal Constitution — Petition for Justice of the Peace — Sign-post and Stocks — Petitions for Exemption from Military Duty — Warning Out of Town — Glebe Lands — Bounties on Wild Animals and Birds. THE VERMONT CONTROVERSY. During the last years of the war of the Revolu- tion, Richmond, together with a number of towns in the counties of Cheshire and Grafton, entered into a vexatious and an unfortunate alliance with the state of Vermont, which state had declared her indepen- dence, but had not been admitted into the union of the confederate states. These towns were within the territory known at the time as the "New Hampshire Grants," which term was applied to all the towns granted by New Hampshire west of the Masonian claim, which was so called from Capt. John Mason, one of the original proprietors of the Province of New Hampshire. The line defining the western boundary of this claim extended, as finally settled, sixty miles westerly and northerly from the sea, and by survey was established as running from a point on the state line in Rindge, in a north-eastei-ly direction, to a point at the same distance from the sea on the eastern boundary of the state. The territory in- cluded herein was the original New Hampshire, as TOWN OF RICHMOND. 83 contained in Mason's grant, and all towns outside granted by the governor of the province were called the " New Hampshire Grants," embracing a large portion of the territory westward to the Green moun- tains, which was claimed as properly belonging to New Hampshire by a grant made subsequent to DELEGATES TO THE CONVENTION AT CORNISH. Mason's, extending the jurisdiction of the province to the Hudson River. This claim of jurisdiction on the part of New Hampshire was denied by New York, and the matter was referred to the king for final settlement, who, in 1764, decreed that the western boundary of New Hampshire should be the Connec- 84 HISTORY OP' THE ticut river. The towns' on the New Hampshire grants east of the river probably would never have questioned the jurisdiction of New Hampshire if the matter of forming a new state had not arisen at this time, which constituted a plausible pretext for trans- ferring their allegiance to another state. This agita- tion began soon after the Declaration of Independence was declared, or in 1777, which declaration had the effect, as they argued, not only to absolve the towns on these grants from all allegiance to the Crown of Great Britain, but also to release them from all pre- existing political connections, reducing them, as they termed it, to a " state of nature," in which it was their right and privilege in the future to unite with such body politic as would be most conducive to their prosperity and happiness. Certain misleading and in- flammatory articles, published about this time, ema- nating from Dartmouth college, whose faculty were anxious to bring the capital of the state to Hanover — in which articles the above view was presented with much force and ingenuity, together with other specious arguments used therein, tending to alienate the people of these towns from the state, had the effect in- tended so far as to cause a movement to be made on the part of a number of towns to sever their connec- tion with New Hampshire and unite with Vermont ; and for the furtherance of this plan, various conven- tions were held at Walpole, Charlestown, Cornish, and other places, beginning about 1777. In these, Richmond was usually represented by one or more delegates. In 1778, sixteen towns, mostly in Grafton county, united with Vermont and sent their represen- tatives to the General Assembly at Windsor ; but these soon withdrew in disgust on being refused the privi- TOWN OF RICHMOND. 85 lege of forming a new county, and, retiring across the river to Cornish, met certain other representatives from the west side of the river, and jointly passed resolutions in favor of forming all the New Hamp- shire grants on both side of the river into a new state, to be called New Connecticut. This new scheme met with so little favor from Congress and the adjoining states that the project was soon abandoned. In the meantime, Vermont became alarmed by reason of certain movements on the part of New Hampshire and New York, in which it was supposed that they were intriguing to divide Vermont between them by the ridge of mountains. Vermont, to offset this, laid claim to a part of New York and to the New Hampshire grants east of the river, and resolved to fight it out on that line in spite of Congress or anybody else ; and further intimated that if they were refused admission into the union as thus constituted, they should make the best terms pos- sible with the British government. Richmond, to- gether with a number of other towns east of the river, about this time, under a general invitation sent out by Vermont, went over to the new state. Richmond, March 19, 1781. Voted, Unanimous to join Vermont. Daniel Cass and Silas Gaskill were chosen repre- sentatives to the General Assembly of that state. But this connection, hastily and inconsiderately made, was destined not long to continue. The Ver- mont assembly had adjourned from Windsor to Ben- nington, and were in session at the latter place in the spring of 1782. The governor of Vermont had receiv^ed a letter from General Washington, dated 86 HISTORY OF THE January ist of that year, the contents of which he communicated to some influential members of the legislature, in which letter Washington counselled and advised the Vermonters to confine their claims of jurisdiction within reasonable limits, and that they accept the Connecticut river for the eastern boundary of their new state, intimating that coercion might be necessary if these recommendations were not com- plied with. This letter seems to have had the desired effect, for on the twenty-second of February the as- sembly, in the absence of the members from the east side of the river, passed a resolution defining the boundaries of the state as now constituted, the eastern boundary of which is, and ever since has been, the Connecticut river ; consequently, these members on their arrival were refused seats in the assembly, and no other alternative was left for them only to report to their several constituencies that their union with Vermont had gone forever. The part taken by the town in promoting this move- ment, by sending delegates to the various conven- tions held previous to annexation, appears by the following record : At the annual meeting, 1777, voted, "to choose Michael Barrus to go to Walpole ;" then " chose Joseph Cass, Israel Whipple, Daniel Read, Isaac Benson, and Rufus Whipple, to instruct said Barrus what to act at Walpole." The town again, in January, 1778, "chose Michael Barrus a delegate to a convention at Surry of committees of the several towns," held January 21, and "chose a committee to instruct him, consisting of Oliver Capron, Constant Barney, Israel "Whipple, Edmund Ingalls, and Rufus Whipple. In Jul}', 1779, David Barney was chosen a delegate to a convention at Surry. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 87 November 15, 1780, a convention of delegates from several towns in Cheshire county was held at Wal- pole for the purpose of taking into consideration the grievances of the towns on the New Hampshire grants west of the Mason line. The convention recommended a union of all the New Hampshire grants on both sides of the Connecticut, under one government. Major Oliver Capron was a delegate to this convention. January 16, 1781, a convention was held at Charlestown of delegates from all the towns within the limits of the New Hampshire grants. This convention recommended to all these towns a union with Vermont, and then adjourned the conven- tion to Cornish, a town situated on the east side of the river, and only three miles from Windsor, where the Vermont assembly was in session. Richmond was represented in this convention by Major Oliver Capron, who opposed the proposed union ; and he, with eleven others, signed a protest against the pro- ceedings of the convention, and withdrew from fur- ther connection with it. Silas Gaskill and Daniel Cass were substituted for Capron, and met the other delegates to the adjourned convention at Cornish, where Feb. 22, 1781, articles of union were mutually confirmed by the legislature of Vermont and the con- vention, at Cornish. The town, as before stated, at the annual meeting, March 19, 1781, ratified the compact, and the secession and union were supposed to be complete ; but, in the meantime. New Hamp- shire had never relinquished its right of jurisdiction over the seceding towns, consequently the inevitable result was a conflict of authority between the officers of these states. In some towns the enforcement of the laws was attended by mobs and violence. In 88 HISTORY OF THE Cheshire county, Chesterfield, Keene, and Charles- town, were scenes of riot and disorder. In view of the alarming state of affairs, the governor of New Hampshire ordered the state militia to hold them- selves in readiness to march to the scenes of disturb- ance. The governor of Vermont, on the other hand, threatened to repel force by force ; but no collision between the armed forces of the states took place during this controversy, and the time soon arrived, as before related, when the seceding towns were sum- marily excluded from the jurisdiction of Vermont. Dr. Belnap, in his history of New Hampshire, in speaking of the termination of this unhappy contro- versy, says that " though cut off from their connection with Vermont, the revolted towns did not at once re- turn to a state of peace, but divisions and animosities which had so long subsisted, continued to produce disagreeable effects." Richmond then was left, in the spring of 1782, with no officers legally qualified under the laws of New Hampshire to call a town meeting. In this emer- gency, application was made to Samuel Ashley, Esq., of Winchester, to issue his warrant for the same, as before related in the article treating of the war of the Revolution, of which the following is a copy of the preamble : — State of New Hampshire, County of Cheshire. Whereas, An application being made to me, Samuel Ashley, one of the Justices of the Peace for the County of Cheshire, by a number of the Freeholders and Inhabitants of the town of Rich- mond in said County, requesting that a warrant might be granted for the purpose of calling an annual town meeting, they having lost their power of calling a town meeting agreeable to their charter, by reason of the disputes that have arisen in relation to Vermont. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 89 The warrant, which was in the common form, notified and warned the freeholders and inhabitants to meet at the house of Hezekiah Man, May 6, 1782, which was held agreeably to the warrant, and by ad- journment to Mr. Man's barn, the town officers were chosen and other business for the current year trans- acted. The following conversation is supposed to have taken place at Winchester between Capt. Oliver Capron and Daniel Cass, on the return of the repre- sentatives from the assembly at Bennington : — Cafron. How now, Mr. Cass ; has the assembly adjourned, or are you on a political furlough ? Cass. Well, now, Friend Capron, thee is good for guessing; but then it is neither exactly, and partly both. The truth is, friend, we 've been put upon. Capron. Explain, Mr. Cass ; you speak in enigmas. What 's up.' Cass. What 's up ! Enough 's up, I assure thee, Friend Capron, when they tread on my toes and insult the dignity of the town. Why they finally turned their backs on us, and refused us seats in the assembly I Capron. Kicked out, eh ? Well, perhaps they served you right, after all. How did it happen .' Cass. Happen ! Why they took advantage of our absence, and voted that the Connecticut should be their eastern boundary ; and thus shut us out. Capron. Well, you're in a pickle, I see; but then it comes out as well as I expected. 'T is n't safe to break solemn and binding obligations for light and trivial causes. Cass. 'Nuf sed. "Come, friend Gaskill, let's be going. REFUSED TO PAY THE STATE TAX. One of the outgrowths of the attempted union with Vermont was such a spirit of hostility towards New Hampshire on the part of the people of the town, as led them to extreme and unwarranted action in sub- go HISTORY OF THE stantially refusing to pay the state tax, as they, at the annual meeting, 1781 — Voted, For the Constables to not send any money to New Hamp- shire till after the adjournment of our meeting. The town probably paid no tax to the state of Ver- mont for the year 1781, for on December 19, the town — Voted, Not to pay the taxes to Vermont until after the rising of the General Assembly at Bennington, and a suiEcient time after to collect said taxes. The New Hampshire tax was regarded as un- reasonable and unjust ; but New Hampshire, never having relinquished her jurisdiction, demanded the payment of the tax the same as if no controversy had arisen. The following action of the town at a meet- ing held Dec. 23, 1782, illustrates more fully the stand they took. On an article in the warrant — To see if the town will stand by the Constables and Selectmen and clear them from any cost that may arise from any Extent that may be sent against the town for back taxes, except their equal pro- portion of said cost. Voted, To stand by the said Constables and Selectmen ; but any- one who should pay his tax before the Extents come should be free of costs. THE TIME OF HOLDING THE ANNUAL MEETING CHANGED. At the annual meeting, 1779, — Voted, To send a petition to the General Coart to have our an- nual meeting held for the future on the first Monday of March annually. The following is a copy of the petition and the action of the General Court on the subject matter : — TOWN OF RICHMOND. 9 1 State of New Hampshire. To the Honorable Council and House of Representatives convened at Exeter in said State : The Prayer of your Humble Petitioners sheweth, that at our Last annual March meetin the town of Richmond Voted to petition your Honors, would take it into your wise consideration and grant us the privilege to hold our annual meeting on the first Monday of March aniTually, as the last Wednesday in March is the season of the year that We make " Shugar." As your Humble Petitioners in duty Bound shall ever pray in Behalf of the town. Richmond, Oct. ye 20th, 1779. HENRY INGALLS, Town Clerk. State of New Hampshire. In the House of Representatives, Nov. 5, 1779- The above petition being read and considered — Voted, That the Prayer thereof be granted, and that the Petition- ers have leave to bring in a Bill accordingly. Sent up for Concurrence. JOHN LANGDON, Speaker. In council the same day, read and concurred. E. THOMPSON, Secfy. The town meetings continued to be held on the first Monday of March until the revision of the Constitu- tion in 1791, when, by statute, the second Tuesday was affixed for the choice of state and county officers, and has to the present time been the legal day for the annual town meeting. THE FORMATION OF THE CONSTITUTION OF NEW HAMPSHIRE. New Hampshire, unlike any other of the thirteen colonies, had at the time of the breaking out of the war of the Revolution, no constitution or body of laws for the due government of the province. Many of the states had charters granted by the king, which 92 HISTORY OF THE contained all the needed rules and regulations for their government, but New Hampshire had no charter. The whole government of the province was lodged in the hands of a governor appointed by the king, and a legislative body, consisting of repre- sentatives of about forty towns in the east part of the* state, called the council. In September, 1775, the gov- ernor, John Wentworth, who adhered to the royal cause , sailed away in a British frigate to Nova Scotia, leav- ing the administration of government in the hands of the council. In this emergency the council applied to Congress for advice and direction, and in return that body, on November 3, 1775, recommended — The calling of a full and free representation of the people, and that the representatives, if they think it necessary, establish such a frame of government as in their judgment will best promote the happiness of the people, and most effectually secure peace and good order in the Province during the continuance of the dispute be- tween Great Britain and the Colonies. The recommendation of Congress was at once adopted, and the representatives of the several towns met December 21. To this congress, as it was called, no representative was sent from Richmond. The body thus assembled " took up civil government for the colony," and formed a constitution containing about a dozen articles. Under this constitution, the first council and assembly were chosen, and met at Exeter, Dec. 18, 1776, and Richmond sent Capt. Oliver Capron representative to the same. In 1779, a " grand convention " was called to frame a new constitution, which met at Concord, June 10, 1779 ; Richmond was again represented in this by Capt. Oliver Capron. The form of government and body of laws presented to the several towns was rejected TOWN OF RICHMOND. 93 by a majority of the towns, Richmond being among the number, whose vote was seventy-five against and none in favor. In 1782 another convention was called, of which David Barney of Richmond was a member, for the purpose of forming a new consti- tution for the state. The constitution emanating from this body was adopted by a majority of the towns, but Richmond, at first, smarting under its late experience in joining Vermont, was not disposed to adopt the plan of government presented by the convention. At a meeting held Dec. 12, 1782, a committee of seven was chosen to examine the plan of government, consisting of Rufus Whipple, Ezra Allen, Silas Gaskill, Ed- mond Ingalls, David Barney, Nicholas Cook, and Joseph Cass. This committee, it is supposed, re- ported adversely to acceptance, and the town voted " Not to accept the plan presented," the vote standing seven in favor to sixty against. At the annual meet- ing, 1783, the town voted "To remain under the present Constitution till the tenth day of June, 1784." At a meeting held Aug. 26, 1783, they took up the subject again, and chose David Barney, Ezra Allen, Isaac Benson, Rufus Whipple, Oliver Capron, Aaron Aldrich, and James Kingsley to consider the plan of government, and make return at some future time. This committee probably reported in favor of adop- tion, and the town, at a meeting held Oct. 14, 1783, by a vote of seventy-six in favor and none against, came into line with the other towns under the state constitution, which remained unaltered until 1793 > when a convention for its revision was held at Con- cord, beginning Sept. 7, 1791, in which Rufus Whipple, Esq., was a delegate from this town. The amendments proposed by this convention were subse- 94 HISTORY OF THE quently adopted, and the constitution, as amended, remained unchanged until 1842, when another con- vention was held at Concord for its revision, and Richmond was represented in the same by Kendall Fisher, Esq. ADOPTION OF THE FEDERAL CONSTITUTION. A convention for the adoption of the Federal con- stitution was held at Exeter, Feb. 13, 1788, and by ad- journment to Concord, June 18, of the same year, in which Richmond was represented by Jonathan Gas- kill, whose name appears among- the list of nays in the final vote on the main question for adoption. The vote stood, fifty-seven yeas and forty-seven nays. THE FIRST JUSTICE OF THE PEACE AND CONTEST FOR RE-APPOINTMENT. Henry Ingalls was probably the first justice of the peace in town. He was recommended as a suitable person for the office at a town meeting held at the house of Abner Aldrich, July 15, 1776. Before this time, people went to Winchester, largely for the acknowledgment of deeds, etc. Either his commis- sion expired about 17S1, or else on account of the part he took in the Vermont controversy, he was TOWN OF RICHMOND. 95 deprived of the office, and the town was left without a justice. The town, at the annual meeting, 1782, " Voted and recommended Henry Ingalls to be a suitable per- son for a justice of the peace of said town," and it is probable that a petition numerously signed for him was sent to the governor and council for his re- appointment, but for some reason unknown — but most likely because he had been favorable to a union with Vermont — the prayer of the petitioners was not granted. The friends of Major Oliver Capron, learn- ing the cause of Ingalls' defeat, and believing that it was a favorable time to secure the appointment of a justice of the peace in the west part of the town, at once pressed the claims of Capron, against whom no such objections could be brought as had been used against Ingalls, for Capron had ever been firm in his opposition to the union with Vermont. The follow- ing petition appears to have been favorably received by the governor and council, and he received his commission as justice of the peace accordingly : — PETITION FOR OLIVER CAPRON. State op New Hampshire. To the Honorable Council and House of Rrepresentatives in Gen- eral Coart Assembled : The Prayer of us, the Subscribers, Inhabitants of the town of Richmond in said State, Humbly shows, that since the difficulty sub- sisted on account of a Number of People calling themselves a new State Called Vermont, the town of Richmond hath labored under many inconveniences by reason of having no Justice of the Peace in Town. These are therefore Humbly to Inform the Honorable Coart that Major Oliver Capron is a. man of an established good character in this and the Towns Round where he is acquainted and that he is a man that has ever been jSrm for the Government of New Hampshire against the Userpation of Vermont, and we Humbly Conceive a man every way accomplished and Capable of performing the business and trust of a Justice of the Piece, and that 96 HISTORY OF THE it will be a public benefit that he may be appointed accordingly. These are therefore Humbly to pray the Honorable Coart to in- quire into the affair and act thereon as you in your Wisdom shall think proper and as in Duty bound shall ever pray. September the third, 1782. Barnabas Threesher, Moses Cooley, Benjamin Threesher, James Kingsley, Thomas Dillingham, William Goddard, Jeremiah Thayer, Jona. Atherton, Jeremiah Thayer, Jun'r, Peter Holbrook, Nehemiah Thayer, Othniel Day. Alles Thayer, The people finding it very inconvenient to have the only justice of the peace of the town located at a corner thereof, made a second attempt to secure the re-appointment of Henry Ingalls in 1785, in which they were successful. Two petitions were gotten up for Ingalls, of which the following is a copy of the first, with the names of the signers thereto : — To his Excellency the President and the Honorable the Council of the State of Nevj Hampshire : The Prayer of your Humble Petitioners of the town of Richmond in the County of Cheshire and State above said is that Henry Ingalls of said Richmond may be appointed and commissioned a Justice of the Peace, as he the said Ingalls has formerly served in that office to the good satisfaction of the town and county. And as Colonel Capron is already appointed a Justice of the Peace in said town, living at one corner of said town, it is very 111 Con- venient for the people in general in said town, that have business to do Before a Justice of the Peace to apply to him, and said Ingalls living near the middle of said town and on a Large Road, We your humble Petitioners Do think it would be Greatly to the advantage of said town to have him appointed. As We are in Duty Bound to Pray. Richmond, Oct. ist, A. D. 1785. Hezekiah Thurber, Nathan Bowen, Nathan Wooley, Nathan Wescot, Gideon Man, Jun'r, George Guillson, Amos Boorn, John Bolles, Nathan Ballou, George Martin, TOWN OF RICHMOND. 97 Ebenezer Swan, John Bates, Paul Aldrich, Moses Martin, Jonathan Cass, esek buffum, Annias Aldrich, Nathaniel Aldrich, Nathan Aldrich, Anthony Sweet, Jonathan Sweet, Jun'r, James Cook, Samuel Gaskill, Ezra Allen, Gedeon Man, Oliver Mason, Jacob Bump, Stephen Guillson, Jems Ballou, Jems Wescot, William Cook, Nicholas Cook, Ebenezer Peters, Isaac Benson, Aaron Aldrich, Solomon Aldrich, Royal Aldrich, Peter Martin, LuEK Cass, Paul Handy, Joseph Wing, Moses Buffum, Thomas Bowen, John Wing, Joseph Streter. SECOND PETITION FOR HENRY INGALLS. To His Excellency, John Langdon, Esq., President in and over the State of Ne-iu Hampshire : The petition of the Inhabitants of Richmond, in the County of Cheshire, Humbly Sheweth that when the Late Constitution took place, Henry Ingalls, Esq., was not Reappointed. We your Peti- tioners humbly Pray that the said Henry Ingalls may be Re- appointed and duly authorized to act as a Justice of the Peace for the County aforesaid, for that we your Petitioners Humbly conseive that he is a man agreeably Qualified for that important service, and lives near the Senter of Public Business for the town, and also sutes the maners and costums of the People. And your Petitioners Humbly submit this Petition to your Excelencies Grace, Believing you Excelency in your grate Wisdom Will do the thing Right. As We in Duty Bound will Ever Pray. Richmond, October loth, A. D. 1785. John Boyce, Nathan Boyce, Daniel Read, Abraham Man, Moses Read, David Barney, William Barney, John Garnsey, 7 John Bools, Levi Morey, Darius Taft, Silas Taft, Edmund Ingalls, Paul Boyce, Cadis Boyce, Allen Grant, Jonathan Sweet. 98 HISTORY OF THE SIGN-POST AND STOCKS. At a meeting held June 4, 1784, the town Voicdi That a sign post and stocks be set up in Hezekiah Man's yard, before his house or door. It is quite probable that the sign-post was really a whipping-post, as this and the stocks usually went together. The location of these may have been a few rods east of the old Baptist meeting-house, or be- fore the Bill Buftum house, both of which at the time belonged to Hezekiah Man. In colonial days these T TOWN OF RICHMOND. 99 appliances for the correction of criminals were com- mon ; but, except in some of the Southern states, these have long been disused, and are now generally con- sidered as the relics of barbarism. It is probable that they disappeared from before Mr. Man's door long before the recollection of any person now living. PETITION FOR EXEMPTION FROM MILITARY DUTY. To His Excellency the President and Senate, together -with the Representatives in General Coart assembled at Exeter, in the State of New Hampshire : Most Honorable Gentlemen, — We the subscribers professing ourselves to be peaceable citizens of our Country, and having a de- sire to live in peace with all men, not having a desire to strike against the Laws or Government of our Legislators, but are will- ing to submit ourselves to the Laws and Governments of our Superiors. Nevertheless we do most Ardently desire that your Honors would consider us as to the Melitia Act which as it now stands Demands of us that we do bare arms in order to Learn the art of War which thing, We do assure your Honors We do not come out against because we have any antipathy against our officers or Sivil Government, but finding ourselves to be under a Law of God and our minds being Led We trust by his unering Council We do assure your Honors that it is in point of conscience that We do not comply with the demands of our officers in this re- spect and We do Humbly request that the General Coart Held in and for our State would take it into their Deliberate Consideration and that there might be some Way opened Whereby We might be Exempted from doing that, that is so much against our Conscience as We do assure your honors. We cannot Comply with the request of our officers in bearing arms, Let come on us what may, there- fore We your humble Petitioners do ardently pray that you would grant unto us the Liberty of Conscience in this respect and We have in times past advised with the Honourable, General Sullivan who Recommended to us that if We had any distress made on our bodies or Estates to petition to the General Coart for redress which some of us have suffered in some measure also advised by our field officers to petition in like manner. Richmond, Decem'r ye 22, A. D. 1788. Jonathan Bolles, John Bolles, Simeon Thayer, Joseph Newell, Nathaniel Bolles, Moses Cooley, Aaron Cooley. lOO HISTORY OF THE A second petition to exempt from military duty was of similar purport to the foregoing, and was signed by the following persons, and dated — Richmond, November ye 15th, A. D. 1796. Peter Martin, Simeon Thayer, George Martin, John Bolles, Jun'r. Jonathan Bolles, Amos Boorn. Joseph Newil, Richmond, Nov. ye isth, A. D. 1796. We the subscribers selectmen of said Richmond hereby certify that We are Well acquainted with the Signers of the Within Peti- tion & believe them to be good & Loyal Citizens of the State of New Hampshire & We likewise believe they are conscientiously scrupulous about the Lawfulness of bearing arms. Moses Tyler, -j Selectmen Nathaniel Aldrich, V of SAMt;EL Gaskill. J Richmond. WARNING OUT OF TOWN. Our fathers had a custom qf warning out of town all strangers that came therein in apparently needy circumstances. This precaution was taken to prevent their gaining a pauper settlement, and hence to re- lieve the town of a possible public charge for their support. The following is a specimen of their pro- ceeding in such cases : — Cheshire Ss. To Jonathan Gaskill, Cotistable of Richmond : Your hereby required to Warn Elizabeth Streeter and Elizabeth Streeter, Jun'r, to depart this town in fourteen days or give suffi- cient bonds to indemnify the town. Hereof fail not, and make due return. Given at Richmond the 14th daj- of December, 1775. William Goddard, -i Selectmen Enoch White, [• of Daniel Read, ) Richmond. TOWN OF RICHMOND. lOI THE GLEBE LANDS. By the charter of the town, the land embraced within its limits, comprising 23,040 acres, was to be divided into seventy-one equal parts or shares. Each share, consequently, would have been about 320 acres. Now, two of these shares were reserved in that instrument for religious purposes, one for "the propagating of the gospel in foreign parts," and one for a " glebe for the Church of England." These lands remaining undisposed of at the time of the breaking out of the war of the Revolution, were claimed by the town, and sold by authority of the same, as appears by a vote passed April 3, 1797, viz. : : — Chose Jedediah Buffum Agent on the part of this town to sell and ^ive acquittance deed or deeds of all the right and title they may have or ought to have or hereafter may have to or unto the two rights of Land in said Richmond known by the name of the Gleab for the Church of England and the right for propagating the Gos- pell in foreign parts. BOUNTY ON WOLVES AND CROWS. The losses sustained by the early settlers by the ravages of wolves on their flocks and herds, together with the vexation necessarily incident to their noctur- nal visits, induced the early settlers to offer quite liberal bounties for their destruction. The first bounty on record was offered in 1777, although it is quite probable that others may have been offered which are unrecorded. It appears that the town continually changed the conditions of payment. First — Voted, To pay a bounty of four pounds ten shillings on a wolf's head. I02 HISTORY OF THE The second, in 1788, was — . Voted, A bounty of six pounds on a wolf's head killed in town the present year. In 1779 — Voted, That any person that belongs to this town, that kills a wolf and brings his head, shall receive thirty pounds from said town. In 1780, it was — Voted, That sixty pounds bounty on a wolPs head that is started in this town by any person that belongs to said town, and brings the head as above mentioned to the town Treasurer, receive said bounty. The last on record, offered in 1785, was a bounty of four pounds ten shillings for a wolf's head, when the wolf's track was taken in the town. The reason why so large a bounty was offered in 1779 and 1780 was owing to the little value attached to the Continental money. After having despatched the wolves, they turned their attention to the crows in 1797, and offered the following exceedingly liberal bounty on crows' heads, viz. : — Voted, To raise seventy dollars to be paid into the town Treasury for the purpose of paying a bounty on crows' heads ; and Resolved, The town treasurer be and he is hereby directed to pay twenty cents for each crow's head that shall be killed in Richmond and brought to him from this day to the third day of April next by any inhabitant of this town. The bounties were continued for a long series of years, varying occasionally in the jft-ice offered. Sometimes it was twenty cents for old crows, and ten cents for young ones, and then again a shilling TOWN OF RICHMOND. IO3 would be offered. The writer of this well remembers bagfulls, containing often a peck or more, being brought to the selectmen, who were authorized at times to make payment, and the bearers of the burden were asked by them to make oath that they were not killed in Massachusetts, as only New Hampshire crows were entitled to a bounty. When paid for, the mer- chandise must be securely buried lest a second bounty should be paid on the same crows' heads. All bounties of this kind have been paid of late by the state treasurer, and this may really be a useless ex- penditure, for the impression is quite general among farmers that the crow is, on the whole, a useful bird, doing much more good in destroying insects and ver- min than any damage it may necessarily do to the cornfields. I04 HISTORY OF THE CHAPTER IV. WAR OF 1812,. ROADS, SCHOOLS, &c. War of 1812 — Town Action Concerning — Captain Bryant's Company — Soldiers in other Companies — Drafted Men — Ballou's Poem — The Ashuelot Turnpike — Other Roads Laid Out — An Amusing Incident — United States Mail and Ex- press Routes — Schools and School Teachers — The Town Districted — A Part of Town Annexed to Troy — A Part Annexed to Winchester — Map of Town — ■ Topography and Geology of the Town — Military Matters — Paupers. The part taken by the town in the second contest with Great Britain reflects additional lustre on its patriotism, both on account of the early action of the town in offering bounties, and also by reason of the large number that volunteered in the service. As early as 1809 (possibly a mistake of the copyist), in the warrant for the annual meeting, the following article appears, viz. : "To see if the town will make addition to the soldiers' wages that have lately volun- teered themselves, provided they should be called into actual service." The town afterwards voted to pay ten dollars per month in addition to the government pay. The pecuniary inducement thus offered proved a sufficient stimulant, and the town quotas appear to have been promptly filled by volunteers until nearly the close of the war, when one draft only appears to have been made. It is now difficult to ascertain with certainty the names of all the soldiers in the war from this town, but a sufficient nurnber have been discov- ered to warrant the assertion that the people freely TOWN OF RICHMOND. IO5 came forward to support the government in its oppo- sition to the unwarranted aggressions of Great Britain on th6 rights of American sailors on the high seas. It has been difficult to obtain a full list of those that were out m this service. No records in the town, county, or state, contain an enrollment of those that went from this town. Through the intercession of Hon. Ossian Ray, representative to congress from this district, we have obtained the names of those in the 30th Regiment in 1812. Others may have been in the service in 1814 of which we have no account. The country was not united in carrying on this war. The Federal party was particulfirly bitter in its op- position ; hence the men who engaged in this service were upholding a cause that was unpopular in many localities in New England. The old Bay State was cold and inactive, to say the least, in the prosecution of the war, refusing at first to send her troops beyond her limits, and giving the government a very limited support ; but not so the men who lived within this precinct. These had faith in the government, and their faith was manifested by their works. The town was nearly unanimous in sentiment in the matter of prosecuting the war. On the re-election of President Madison, under whose administration the war was carried on, but twelve votes in this town were given in for electors for the opposition candidate in a total of two hundred and twenty-six votes cast. An incident illustrative of the war sentiment in this and other towns, was exemplified in a fracas- which occurred in Winchester between a squad of soldiers from this town on their way to join the army on the northern frontier, and some Winchester Federalists, whose in- sults were repelled by both words and blows. These Io6 HISTORY Of THE soldiers were arrested for assault and battery for the defence they made, and were fined by the presiding justice ; but the long head of old Bisbee was more than a match for the justice. Bisbee settled the fine and cost imposed by his individual note, which in the end was found to be uncollectable, for the reason that there was no value received in the transaction. This squad of soldiers was unarmed, and consequently had nothing but their bony fists to repel an attack, except that Mordica Cass, who was among the num- ber, had provided himself with a good hickory stick on the way, which he applied to "good advantage," as he was accustomed to relate the story in after years. CAPTAIN BRYANT'S COMPANY. Daniel C. Bryant, who is mentioned as a lieutenant in 1812, was promoted to a captaincy in 1814. He, at the head of his company, which was largely re- cruited in Richmond and vicinity, commenced his march towards the Niagara frontier, which was then the scene of strife, on a beautiful Sunday in June, 1814, and arrived in Swansey about noon of the same day, and then paraded on the common, near the meeting-house, and partook of refreshments furnished by the Swansey people. Reliable eye-witnesses, some of whom are now living, say that the company made an imposing appearance, and that Captain Bryant, to say the least, was a splendid-looking officer ; but his good looks did not save him from being accused of cowardice, whether justly or not is now unknown. The report, at any rate, was sufficient to move the poet Silas Ballou to write some verses of scathing character in relation to him. TOWN OF RICHMOND. I07 Captain Bryant and Dr. Amos Howe, the surgeon of the regiment, had coats of red in imitation of the uniforms of the British officers. The following were soldiers in the 31st Regiment, U. S. Infantry, as mustered Aug. 30, 1812, under command of Lieut. Daniel C. Bryant. Uriah Ward was captain at the time, but he resigned his commis- sion Aug. 21, 1813, and Lieut. Bryant was promoted to the captaincy, Dec. i, 1814: — Daniel C. Bryant, Lieut. ; Carlton Bryant, Chauncy Bryant, Samuel Bryant, Wm. Buffum, Stephen Buffum, Jedediah Buffum, 3d; Jared Ballou, Richard Boom, Thomas Bryant, John Cass, Jr., Moses Garnsey, Amos Howe, Cromwell Kelton, Townsend Parker Daniel Thornton, Lewis Whipple, Henry Whipple, James Whipple. SOLDIERS IN OTHER COMPANIES. Townsend Parker was in the battle of " Stone Mills," under Captain Burnap, and did skirmishing duty. He killed one Indian sure, and perhaps an- other. Noah Bisbee, Jr., Esq., was a lieutenant in Capt. Charles E. on petition of certain inhabitants living in the north-east part of Richmond, together with others mostly in the town of Marlboro', praying that they might be set off into a new town, it was enacted that the prayers of the petitioners be granted, and that a town by the name of Troy be made from territory belonging to Marlboro', Fitzwilliam, and Richmond. The fol- lowing extract from the Act describes the line be- tween Richmond and Troy : — Beginning at the north-west corner of the present boundaries of Fitzwilliam, thence northerly 262 Rods ; thence N. 72i°, W. 243 Rods ; thence N. i4°, E. 66 Rods ; thence S. 80°, W. 47 Rods ; thence N. i", W. 145 Rods ; thence S. 84°, E. 52 Rods ; thence North 80 Rods ; thence N. 23", E. 92 Rods ; thence N. 30°, E. 27 Rods ; thence N. i4°, W. 173 Rods; thence East 98 Rods; thence North i°, West 235 Rods; thence S. 82i, E. 32 Rods, to the Line between Marlboro' and Swansey. This line was made quite irregular, by reason of running around the farm of Oliver Perry, who stoutl}'^ refused to be set off to Troy. A PART OF RICHMOND ANNEXED TO WINCHESTER. State of New Hampshire. In the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty. An act to sever a tract of Land from the town of Richmond, and annex the same to the town of Winchester. Sec. 1st. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Represent- atives in General Court convened, that the tract of land con- tained within the following boundaries, to wit; Beginning at the north-west corner of the town of Richmond and running southerly on the line dividing Richmond from Winchester three hundred and forty rods to the south line of the road leading by HoUis Naromore's house, thence North 58° East to Swansey South Line at the north side of the new road leading from Swansey to Win- TOWN OF RICHMOND. 1 35 Chester; thence on Swansey South Line three hundred and forty rods to the corner between Swansey and Richmond, be and it hereby is disannexed and separated from the town of Richmond, and is annexed to and made a part of said town of Winchester, as fully and amply to all intents, as though it had been contained in and comprehended by the original grant, charter or incorporation of said Winchester. Sec. 2d. This act shall take eifect from and after its passage. ' N. B. BARKER, Speaker of the House of Representatives. RICHARD JENNESS, President of the Senate. 4^pproved July 2, 1850. SAM'L DINSMORE, Governor. SECTIONAL PLAN OF THE TOWN AS BOUNDED 1882. The plan of the town (see page 24), shows its pres- ent boundaries, and was made on a diminished scale for the purpose of convenience of insertion in this work. Being about six miles square, it was divided into twelve ranges by lines running north and south about 160 rods or a half mile apart, beginning at the east side to reckon from, and into twenty-four lots by lines running east and west about 80 rods, or one-fourth mile apart, beginning at the bay line. The reason why lot No. 24 seems to be in the place of lot No. i is that the first lot on the south side was originally a. double lot, but was afterwards divided, and the southerly part was called No. 24. By an old plan accidentally found, made by Esquire Tyler about 1810, which was in an old bundle left by him (and is the only one extant known at this time), we find that in some of the ranges this line of lots is differently numbered, viz. : in the eleventh and twelfth ranges it is named 22, and in ranges nine and ten it is called Lot 21. 136 HISTORY OF THE TOPOGRAPHICAL. The tovyn is more uneven than would be inferred from the description given in the "Farmer's Gazetteer." Some elevations called mountains would hardly be con- sidered as such in comparison with many of the Granite hills ; none probably exceed 2,000 feet in height. The land is generally rocky ; no fields of any considerable extent are free from these obstruc- tions ; ledges crop out here and there', showing the solid base on which the town rests. ■ The drainage of the town is good ; no extensive swamps abound, breeding malarial diseases. The largest tract of swamp is south of Cass' pond, mostly west of Fall brook. The radius of this is probably less than half a mile. For the better comprehension by the reader of the general aspect of the town, we propose that he accompany us to a few points of observation, whei-e the town may perhaps be seen to best advantage. Face of the Country. From the summit of Crooker hill (so called) near the territorial centre of the town, may be seen more of the town than from any other spot. This, although not so high as other elevations, is clear of obstruc- tions, and here good views may be obtained in all directions. Looking towards the north, the valley of the south branch of the Ashuelot comes into view, extending to Swansey, and then up the valley of the Ashuelot proper to Keene, and beyond to the Surry hills. The view of Keene, considering it is twelve miles away, is particularly fine. Small, indeed, it looks for a city, a mere speck in comparison with the broad plain upon which it stands. This plain. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 1 37 enclosed by continuous ranges of hills and mountains on all sides, except the south, looks like a vast "amphi- theatre in the panorama before you. The hills skirt- ing the valley on the west, known as the Franconia mountain, which extends northward to Swansey, is exceedingly precipitous and abrupt on its eastern de- clivity. Perpendicular cliffs of fifty feet and more extend north and south for long distances west of the Joseph Newell place. Large boulders and de- tached portions of ledges are scattered at the foot of these hills. On the east of this valley, the ascent is more gradual. The summit of this range is reached on the top of the Little Monadnock, near the boun- daries of Troy and Fitzwilliam. This is the highest peak in that direction, except the Grand Monadnock, which looms up in matchless grandeur, overtopping all other peaks and elevations in the state south of the White Mountains. Grassy hill, two miles distant to the east, is seen to advantage here. This hill proper extends about two miles north of the old turnpike, while that portion of the same range extending some distance to the southward was nan>.ed Gaskill hill, from Jonathan and Silas Gaskill, who were the first settlers on that range. These hills have a surface more regular than those in the westj^ and, to the eye of the liusbandman, are less defaced with ob- structions by huge rocks and ledges. More to the southward the eye rests on a vast expanse of more level land extending into the old Bay State. This is largely covered with a forest growth, and holds within its embrace Cass' pond, so called from Daniel Cass, the first settler on its western border. This pond, in its surroundings, retains all its primitive wildness. It is still enclosed by an evergreen forest. 138 HISTORY OF THE and the general aspect is probably the same as when The Indian in his bark canoe, Sped o'er its waters green and blue. East of the pond is Devilstair hill, so called in early time from the steps in the rocks by which his majesty is supposed to have ascended and de- scended the hill with more ease. Over this hill ran the first road made through town from Winchester to Royalston, traces of which may still be seen. Fol- lowing the outlet of Cass' pond for a mile or more, just over the line in Royalston, is the Royal cascade, the greatest natural curiosity in this vicinity. This name was given by Professor Hitchcock when he visited the spot some years ago, partly in reference to its "royal" character. In his description of the falls, he says that " the stream is not more than ten feet wide at the spot, but it descends forty-five feet at a single leap into a large basin, which from its top has been ex- cavated by the erosion of the waters. The sides, to the height of fifty or sixty feet, are formed of solid rock, now retreating and now projecting, crowned at the summit with trees. Many of these lean over the gulf, or have fallen across it, so that upon the whole, the scene is one of great wildness and interest." The place has become a popular resort for pic-nic and pleasure parties, and for some years there has been a general gathering here on the fourth of September, when persons from far and near assemble for the renewal of old friendships, and to exchange the kindlier greetings of social life. Still further east is the Tully, a brook that rises near the Little Monad- nock and runs south, and finally, after uniting with the west branch of the same, empties into Miller's TOWN OF RICHMOND. 1 39 river, in Athol. The well-known Ballou neighbor- hood embraces the southern portion of thjis valley in town, and has a pleasant view to the southward. The hill north of Four corners, the BufFum hill, so called from the first settler on the same, Jede- diah Buffum, is a noticeable prominence in town, from the sufnmit of which fine views may be had of the southern portion of the town. From this, Parker hill, near the Massachusetts line, named from Reuben Parker, who settled near it, is clearly out- lined as one of the higher eminences, as also is Whipple hill, still further west, which merges into Pudding hill, so called in Winchester. The view from the St. Clair place is exceedingly beautiful and extensive, in nearly all directions. Here the Grand Monadnock, the Northern hills, and the Green Moun- tain range, are clearly exhibited to the view of the beholder on any clear day. Peaked and Second mountains, partly 'in Winchester, are the more noticed, and are of higher elevations ; but neither of these can much, if any, exceed in height the Attle- boro' mountain, which is about two miles west-by- north from the middle of the town. This eminence shuts out from view the north-west part of the town from any point considered, except from Whipple hill, and from there a partial view may be gleaned of land lying between this and the Ashuelot range of moun- tains in Winchester. The drainage of nearly all of the west part of the town is by the brook at first called Norwood's, from Francis Norwood, who settled near the same. Afterwards it was mentioned as the Great brook, and later has been known as Roaring brook. A tributary to this is the Tilsey, which was so named from James Tilson, who settled 140 HISTORY OF THE near the confluence of this with Norwood's brook. The Tilsey. rises near Sandy pond, and may have been at some period in the past the outlet of the same. The two principal ponds are worthy of special men- tion. The Cass pond, the largest, is nearly a mile long, and probably less than a half of that in width, and is somewhat in shape of the letter S ; it is situated in lots 6 and 7, in the fifth and sixth ranges. It is fed by springs, and has one outlet by Fall brook into the Tully. The dimensions of Sandy pond are consid- erably less than Cass', probably about one-third the size, situated in lot 14, in the seventh range. This, too, is fed by springs, and has an outlet by North brook, through Swansey. Both of these have a sandy bottom, and the water is clear as crystal. The pickerel, perch, and trout abound, and large numbers of the same are annually taken by the anglers in the vicinity. The echoes of Cass' pond are worthy of note. Its surroundings are such as to produce very perfect echoes, and it might appropri- ately be called Echo lake. The old canoe which was formerly on Cass' pond is still remembered as a very convenient and service- able craft, stable and safe. It was nearly twenty feet long by four in width, and was made from two very large pine logs, placed side by side, fitted to each other, and hollowed out. It was made about 1820, and dedicated to the use of the public without restrictions ; but the generosity of the donors was ill requited by some envious or evil-disposed persons, who cut the boat in two to prevent certain other ones from using it. The two parts were afterwards sunk somewhere in the pond to rise no more. On the southern border of Cass' pond is a place of TOWN OF RICHMOND. I4I historic interest, known as the Baptizing place. This was where the members of the first Baptist church generally were baptized, and was a famous place for bathing in the early time. The bottom here is particularly clear and hard, and the slope quite gentle. It was not uncommon for fifty or more to assemble here on a Sunday morning in summer, and have a " gay old time." GEOLOGICAL AND MINERALOGICAL. A brief extract from the report of a survey of the state, made by Charles T. Jackson, in 1844, contains some information worthy of special mention. He says that : — The land in this town is hilly, but none of the elevations are of sufficient height to receive the appellation of mountains. The rocks are granite, mica, slate, hornblende rock, and tal'cose rock or soapstone. The soapstone bed is two miles S. W. by S. from Richmond meeting-house, on the south side of Roaring brook and one mile from the Massachusetts state line, and on elevated land. It has a north and south course, and dips W. 45°. The bed is 42 feet wide, and has been traced for the distance of a mile on the hills to the southward, or to the state line. The talcose rock or soapstone, is not stratified, but crystalline, being made up of interlaced crystals and laminee of talc, with occasional fibres of -hornblende. In opening the quarry, the fol- lowing accompanying minerals were thrown out, and were derived from the wall rock of rfhe bed, quartz, felspar, phosphate of lime, pinite rutile, iron pyrites, garnets, calcareous spar, and hornblende crystals. Anthrophyllite and iolite of great beauty are found, lolite is a rare mineral, and no other locality in this country fur- nishes so finely colored specimens as this spot. The soap-stone bed is on the farm recently owned by Lorenzo Harris. Prof. Hitchcock, in his recent survey of the state, divides the rocks into two groups, or classes, by a line extending from the north-east corner of the town, 142 HISTORY OF THE south-westerly, near the Four corners, to the south side of Peaked mountain on the Winchester line. Those on the east and south of the line he calls the Montalban series, and those on the west the Bethle- hem gneiss. Divested of the scientific terms, both kinds are a species of gneiss, a rock which resembles the granite, only that in the one is an admixture of some few substances not found in the other, and is of a coarser quality, but substantially of the same compo- sition. The gneiss, however, is stratified, while the granite is not. That the rocks, and consequently the soil, is different in these sections is quite probable, as is shown by the fact that the chestnut and white oak found growing in the native forest in the west part is rarely, if ever, found east of a line extending north and south through Cass' pond. No essential differ- ence in the fertility of the soil is observable in the two sections, some parts of each being more productive than other parts. Probably the silica in the soil is too abundant, generally, for the highest success in farming. Select portions of land in different parts of the town will bear favorable comparison with much of the land under cultivation in New England. For grazing, the land east of Tully is good, the best, per- haps, of any in town. In all, the rocks are too abundant for easy culture. The land, however neglected, is not destined to go to waste, containing as it does the elements that largely enter the compo- sition of valuable forest trees, of which the white pine is preeminent, both for the value of the timber and the rapidity of its growth. The seeds of these trees readily germinate, and grow on almost any land, exhausted though it be of its fertility by con- tinuous cropping, and in thirty years the trees may be TOWN OF RICHMOND. 1 43 sizeable for lumber. This feature of recuperation and growth constitute the redeeming qualities of the land, which otherwise might become either a barren waste or be covered with kinds of wood of no great value. But as now it is worth as much per acre as sprout land averages in the state, at five dollars per acre for ground well seeded, an investment in the same would seem quite safe and profitable, and this is about the valuation affixed by the assessors. Farm- ing, which is and ever must be the leading interest of the town, needs encouragement. The abandonment of many farms may be attributable not so much to the unproductiveness of the soil as to the methods adopted in carrying them on. Some improvements have been made in agriculture worthy of adoption, which would tend yearly in the summing up of accounts to leave the balance on the right side of the ledger. These in course of time, it is hoped, will find their way to farms which may be made to pay under a new and more improved system of agriculture, but which under the old would be destined to return to the wilderness again. The land, moreover, has other redeeming qualities worthy of special mention. The substratum of the soil is largely hard-pan, and in some parts is quite impervious to water. Hence, the land is susceptible of sustaining a prolonged drought without serious detriment to the growing crops, whilst more porous soils would become dried and crisp under the burning summer sun. The humidity of the soil is such in many parts as to cause an immense growth of such plants as thrive only in a moist • soil. This is noticeable particularly in the high- blueberry bush, which seems to luxuriate in per- fection. Pastures covered with these are counted 144 HISTORY OF THE among the more profitable portions of real estate, and have a fixed value correspondingly high with other lands. Plumbago (black-lead) is found on the Randall farm, in the north-east part of the town. Specimens sufficiently pure for stove-polish have been taken from the mine. A more thorough examination would probably reveal larger quantities of a purer quality that would pay for the working. MILITARY MATTERS. Trainings, Musters, Etc. Yankee Doodle came to town Riding on a pony, Stuck a feather in his cap, And called it Macaroni. Soon after the war of the Revolution, in 1783, the first constitution of the state was formed, in which was affirmed in the bill of rights that " a well-regu- lated militia is the proper, natural, and sure defence of a state " ; and the people, believing in the maxim of Washington, that " in time of peace prepare for war" — a lesson that had been learned by experience in their late conflict — incorporated the first militia act into the body of the laws enacted at this time. The provisions of this were such that every male inhabitant between the ages of eighteen and forty-five should be enrolled, and, with few exceptions, should perform military duty, which consisted of an annual training on the third Tuesday of May, and one other training and a muster in the autumn of each year. Com- panies thus formed of all liable to do military duty presented usually a unique and ofttimes an amusing spectacle to the beholder. All except the officers A-/- TOWN OF RICHMOND. I45 were ununiformed, each being attired in such cos- tume as his convenience or fancy might suggest, without any special regard to uniformity in equip- ment; hence, it may be easily imagined what a grotesque appearance such a motly crowd would present on training days. The officers usually stood on their dignity, and with fuss and feathers, after the music of a fife and drum, manoeuvred them as best they could for two or three hours accor'ding to the military tactics of the times. The militia of the town was divided into two companies previous to the organization of the Grenadiers, the county road being the dividing line between them. These were called the " old Militia," but more often by the boys denominated the " old Floodwood," by reason of the mixed-up and irregular movements exhibited in their evolutions. These trainings, before the opening of the turnpike, were Usually at the middle of the town, near the Baptist meeting-house, but at later times were more common at the Four corners. Some of the captains of these old companies are remembered, such as Ebenezer an'd Robert Swan, Jacob Pfirker, Jacob Sweet, Paul and Silas Jillson, Enoch Sprague, Jesse BoUes, Samuel D. Allen, and others. These annual parades continued until about 1848. Since then a simple enrollment of all liable to military duty answers the requirements of the law. In addition to the old militia companies, in almost every town there was one or more volunteer com- panies that prided themselves on their gay uniforms, neat equipage, and thoroughness in evolution and military drill. In this town was an organization of this kind formed about 1816, called the " Rich- mond Grenadiers." This company, under the com- 146 HISTORY OF THE mand of Capt. Stephen Wheeler, jr., about 1835, attained a degree of excellence in the celerity and precision of movement rarely equalTed by any com- pany in the regiment. The company was uniformed with leather caps and black plumes, blue coats, white pants, with broad bands of red velvet around the lower part. The company on parade made an im- posing show, and were evidently justly entitled to the high encomiums they uniformly received for their efficiency in drill and evolution. The following are known to have been captains of this company, viz. : Stephen BufFum, Luke Harris, Henry Starkey, Asahel Kilton, William Woodward, Amos Bennett, Ballou Swan, Stephen Wheeler, Elijah Crooker, Henry Rice, Alvan Barrus, Otis Martin, D. B. Al- drich, Edson Starkey, and A. J. Bullock. The Grenadiers were disbanded about 1848, and soon after a new independent company was formed called the Richmond Guards. The uniforms • were bought of the Royalston Guards, a company dis- banded about that time. The following were the officers of the new company, viz. : Edson Starkey, Captain ; Jesse Bolles, ist Lieut. ; Cyrel Amadou, 2d Lieut., and Nathan G. Woodbury, Ensign. This company was commissioned April 30, 1850. It mustered at a brigade muster in Keene, 1850, and received much praise from the field officers of the day, and also favorable notices from the press re- ports of the muster. This company disbanded soon after the law was repealed, which gave to the members of independent companies three dollars per year for their military services. Some of the captains of the Grenadier company were promoted to positions of regimental TOWN OF RICHMOND. 1 47 field and staff officers. Such were Col. Stephen BufFum, Col. Ballou Swan, Col. Amos Bennett, and Col. Henry Starkey. Musters. Two regimental musters have been held in town of the several cpmpanies of militia and volunteers in the towns of Winchester, Hinsdale, Chesterfield, Swan- sey, and Richmond, constituting the sixth New Hampshire regiment. The first of these musters was in 1824, and the field selected was in George BufFum's pasture, near the Razee woods. Stephen BufFum was colonel at this time. ' It is remembered as a rainy day, wholly unfit for a military parade. The second was in 1838. Cheney, of Chesterfield, was colonel, and the ground chosen for the muster was on the plain on- the south side of the road west of Stephen BufFum's. The day was fair, and every- thing went merry as a marriage bell, except that the liberty pole was cut down the night before by some- one, supposed to be Ira Wetherby, of Chesterfield. Cornwallis. Celebration. The anniversary of the surrender of Cornwallis was celebrated in Richmond on the nineteenth day of October, 1835, ^"^ was participated in by the old Militia company and Grenadiers of this town, and also by a party of Indians, under their sachem and chief, Ballou Swan, who was accompanied by his chief squaw, Luther Cass, and about forty others of the same tribe. These Richmond forces were re- enforced by companies from Troy and Swansey. Two forts into which the British forces were driven 148 HISTORY OF THE were successively taken and burned after a most gallant defence. The first was near the north-east corner of the widow Howe's pasture ; the other was in the pasture south-east of Benoni Ballou's. This was an interesting and in some of its phases an amusing exhibition, the like of which was never be- fore or since seen in town. The rendezvous of the Indians was at the old brick school-house, and Horatio A. Nelson was medicine-man, or prophet, and distinguishable from the others by his gay plumes and trappings. Esquire Rufus Whipple was quite often chief of a tribe of Indians rendezvoused near the muster-field, and made occasional sallies and predatory excursions during the day. PAUPERS. The town was exceptionally free from pauperism during its early history. No mention is made of paupers or appropriations for the support of the poor prior to 1788, when the town voted "to send a man into the Commonwealth of Massachusetts to ascertain what method to take with Thomas Wooley in regard to his maintenance." The first pauper then was not a poor man who had come to town to gain a living solely by his labor, but was one who was among the first settlers, and was one of the larger land-owners of the town. What mishap befel the man, or what reverses he experienced, we may not know of a certainty. It was not because of the fall of stocks and bonds, or the work of bulls and bears, but by reason, we are told, of the profligacy or im- providence of his sons ; and his downfall finally was caused, as tradition says, by signing notes to bolster TOWN OF RICHMOND. 1 49 the shiftless fellows up. However this may have been, the burden was soon removed. He died in 1792. The great precautions used to prevent vagabonds from other places gaining a settlement, by warning suspected persons who might come in to leave the town in fourteen days, did not, of course, prevent pauperism, but may have lessened the number who might have become dependants on public charity. The town was vigilant in other respects in diminish- ing the number of its burdens. The practice was quite common formerly in this border town of running paupers over the line into Massachusetts, provided they had settlements in that state. This was a hazardous undertaking, as it was a criminal offence under the laws of Massachusetts. The carrier was liable to a fine or imprisonment if caught ; but this did not deter some from running the risk of capture, and at times whole loads of Massachusetts paupers were summarily landed in the dooryard of some Royalston selectman who might live nearest the line. Provided with fleet horses, the drivers were usually beyond the reach of capture before the astounded selectman fully comprehended the situation. Other methods of relief have occasionally been resorted to, which may at first sight appear as a violation of good comity between the town and other communities. Within this class of expedients may be included the practice of marrying paupers, prospective or real, of the gentler sex, who apparently should have had hus- bands before, to some "'dead beat" of another town. Another way of ridding the town of incumbrances rarely resorted to was to ship them west to some place they might desire to go. The cost of maintain- 150 HISTORY OF THE ing paupers some years ago was small, the price fer cafita varying from six and a quarter to seventy-five cents per week, depending largely on the amount of labor that might be forced from them. The alms- house system was never adopted. The less expen- sive practice of selling their keeping to the lowest bidder on town-meeting days was the popular mode of dealing. In this neither the wishes of the pauper or the character of the bidder were of much account. The old maxim, that "beggars must not be choosers," seemed to have the right ring. Places distasteful to paupers might be good enough for poor, lazy louts that would not work enough to support themselves. It was not considered good policy to have the situ- ation of a pauper particularly agreeable, as pleasant surroundings might tend to invite new comers, and be equivalent to offering a bounty on laziness. The auction system of disposing of the poor continued until about the time of the beginning of the anti- slavery agitation, say about 1845, when some said " that selling paupers at vendue was not much better than nigger slavery, and that we had better correct evils at home before going abroad." The argument seemed conclusive, and the old favorite method was abandoned for the more humane practice of putting them out in such families as the selectmen, who have ever been overseers of the poor, might in their judg- ment deem proper. The change in the pauper laws, transferring to the county the charge of maintenance of many whose settlements dated back to the early time, relieved the town ta a considerable extent. At present, the list is small. For the year 1882 mem- bers of three families only received assistance as the town's poor, at an expense of $235.37, ^nd most of TOWN OF RICHMOND. 15I this was expended by reason of the sickness and death of one individual. The amount expended for five county paupers living in town was $204.75. Aside from the exceptional expenditure of the one that died, the whole cost to the town for all its poor was only $121.50. A change was made in the method of disposing of the poor about 1865. The keeping of all was given to one man, on a contract for five years, and as the most of them died within a year or two, the pre- sumption is that the contractor got the best of the bargain, but it does not appear that the town ex- pressed any regrets that the matter turned out thus. The novel plan adopted by the town in 1827 for doctoring the poor is exceptional, certainly. Hitherto the town had paid the doctors for attendance on the poor, and as their bills at times were considered un- reasonably high, the town resolved to try the plan of selling the doctoring of the poor to the lowest bidder at the annual March meeting, many believing that catnip and other good " airbs '' would do them as much good. At this time the records show that the doctor- ing^of the poor was sold to Nathaniel Naromore for $16.75, ^^^ the doctoring of Lois Estas, a county pauper, was sold to him for $4.75. Paupers once to him were sold, The lowest price, would say ; Their doctoring, too, we are told Was sold town-meeting day. If wrong it was, between man and man, This now we must confess. They saved some money by the plan, And made their paupers less. 152 HISTORY OF THE CHAPTER V. POST-OFFICES AND POST-MASTERS, ETC. Post-offices and Post-masters — Physicians — Professional Men — Musicians — Band — — Inns and Inn Keepers — Stores and Store Keepers — Mills and Mill Owners — Tanneries — Mechanical Industries — Other Industries — Blacksmiths — Carpenters — Shoemakers — The Old Baptist Meeting House — Burial Places — Times of Sick- ness — Accidental Deaths — Fires — Town Meetings — Singing Schools — Nahum Grout — Solomon Atherton — Went to Law — A Great Fracas — A Temperance House — Shows and Exhibitions. The first post-office in town was established July 4, 1812, when Jonathan Pierce of Royalston began car- rying the mail on the line from Worcester to Keene. The office at first was probably in the corner store, now kept by Mr. Norwood, but then owned by Job Bisbee & Co. It was afterwards removed to the widow Howe's tavern, and there kept until 1829. In 1832 the office returned to the old corner store, and has remained there most of the time since, except from 1845 to 1858, when J. Weeks* was post-master. This office has had fifteen post-masters. Their names and dates of appointment are as fol- lows, viz. : — Job Bisbee, July 4, 1812 Ono. T. Cass, July 24, 1829. Stephen Wheeler, Apr. 24, 1832 John Parkhurst, Sept. 6, 1837 Danford Tyler, Nov. 10, 1840 Jarvis Weeks, July 8, 1845 Amos G. Bennett, May 6, 1858. Daniel R. Spaulding, July 16, i86i L. W. Wright, Dec. 19, 1870. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 153 Charles H. Lyon, May lO, 187 1. Amos Martin, Mar. 7. 1873- Andrew Dodge, J"iy 12, i87S- Warren Kenop, Apr. 6, 1877- John E. Norwood, Dec. i8, 1877- Charles Norwood, May 7. 1883. The post-office at North Richmond was established Sept. 15, 1853, at Harvey Martin's, and has remained there most of the time since. The following contains the names of the post-masters of this office and dates of their appointment, viz. : — Harvey Martin, Sept. 15, 1853. Edson Starkey, June 16, 1856. Harvey Martin, Oct. 30, 1856 Discontinued, June 17, 1879. Re-established, July 3, 1879, Orlow E. Parsons, July 3, 1879, Orlan H. Martin, Apr. 13, 1880. Changes in Rates of Postage. The United States post-office department was established 1789. At first and for many years the rate of postage was fixed not by weight, but by the number of separate sheets or pieces of paper contained in the letter. The single rate for one piece of paper was, for any distance not exceeding 40 miles, eight cents ; not exceeding 90 miles, ten cents; not exceeding 150 miles, twelve and a half cents ; not exceeding 300 miles, seventeen cents ; not exceeding 500 miles, twenty cents ; any distance over 500 miles, twenty- five cents. These rates made correspondence, especially with distant places, an expensive luxury, but the burden was not felt so much as we should now suppose it would have been, for our country was not so large as it is now, the settled portion of it not extending far from the sea coast. A journey of two hundred miles inland would bring the traveller into the unpeopled wilder- ness. Few persons travelled from their own homes, or had rela- tions of friendship or business with any beyond the limits of their own state. Cheap postage was then unknown anywhere, and if our forefathers felt that their letters cost more than they liked to 154 HISTORY OF THE pay, they met the difficulty by writing fewer, and never thought of cutting down the rates. But they did not pay double rates. If they had more to say than a moderate sized sheet would contain, they used larger paper. They had no envelopes, and the ability to fold a letter neatly, and seal it so that it could be opened without defacing the contents, was an accomplishment which every well- brought-up young person was obliged to acquire. Correspondents generally felt it a duty to cover the whole of their paper, as the ex- change of letters was rare and expensive, and it was wasteful to pay for one or two pages what would have paid for three or four. In 1816 the rates were changed, but without general reduction. For any distance not more than 30 miles, the postage for a single sheet was six and a quarter cents ; not more than 80 miles, ten cents ; not more than 150 miles, twelve and a half cents ; not more than 400 miles, eighteen and three-fourths cents ; more than 400 miles, twenty-five cents. This schedule increased more uniformly than that which it superseded, the rate being doubled, tripled, o: quadrupled according to the distance, and the single rate being the now obsolete Spanish or Mexican coin, the fourpence-halfpenny, or, for short, fourpence of New England, sixpence of New York, the fippenny bit or picayune of the southern states. Those coins, and the ninepence, shilling, or bit, of the same origin, were more com- mon than the dimes and half dimes of our own mint, in those days, and all the transactions of retail trade were made in their terms. The practice survives yet in some parts of the country, but has nearly died out in New England. With the increase of travel and business, and especially with the development of railroads, came lower rates of postage. In 1845 letter postage was reduced to five cents the half ounce, the weight instead of the number of pieces of paper being taken as the stand- ard, but distance was still an element of cost. A single rate was paid for distances less than three hundred miles, and a double rate, or ten cents, for all greater distances. Contrary to expectation, this great reduction of rates proved very unprofitable at first to the post-office department. The number of letters sent did not increase so fast as had been anticipated, and the expense of carriage on the new railroad and other routes was large. By this time people were beginning to push into the new states and territories of the west, and the establishment of new post routes in those sparsely settled regions was burdensome to the department. At this time, too, the government began to guard more strictly its monopoly of postal business, and^to use its authority to prevent the carriage of letters, as well as newspapers and other periodicals, by private hands. The post-office deficit became so large that an eflFort was made to TOWN OF RICHMOND. 1 55 restore the old rates of postage, but it failed, of course. Next came the reduction to three cents on all domestic letters, except those which were to cross the Rocky Mountains, for which the ten- cent rate was continued, but, though letters might be prepaid by a three-cent stamp, prepayment was not compulsory, and five cents was exacted if paid at the office of delivery. But this plan did not work well, and in 1855 prepayment was required. The people did not get used to this for some time, and the department was much perplexed to dispose of the unpaid letters, but that trouble has much diminished with better post-office regulations and more gen- eral familiarity with them. The department was self-sustaining for a short time during the civil war, when the long and unpro- ductive southern states were cut off. But as the authority of the government was restored and the old routes were re-established, the deficit returned. Postmaster General James, by his efficient business methods and his vigilance in detecting fraudulent prac- tices, reduced the expenditures and increased the earnings of the department, and the present surplus is the result. Our post-office department, so far as the prompt, safe and cheap carriage of the mails throughout a vast territory is concerned, is not excelled by that of any country in the world, but it cannot be said to be the equal of those of European countries until the system of delivery by carriers has been developed far beyond its present limits. It is provided in this country only in cities of twenty thousand inhabi- tants or more, and in them the deliveries are less frequent than in the English towns of like size. In England every village and hamlet has its carrier delivery, and there is scarcely a private dwelling above the dignity of a cottage, at which the postman is not a daily visitor. Among the commonplaces of modern civilization none is more wonderful or more beneficent than the complex organization by which the postal business of the world is carried on. The postal system of each country is only a branch of the great organism which, under the name of the International Postal Union, provides for the written inter-communication of mankind. You wish to send a letter to an interior town of Australia. You drop it, properly addressed and with five cent stamp affixed, into a box in the street, and in an hour or two it is on its way, traveling by the swiftest conveyance, with safety, speed and certainty to its destination. Its arrival can be foretold with almost absolute pre- cision. There is a remote possibility of its loss or destruction on the way, but the chance of it is less than one in^ten thousand. The letter passes through many hands, and is carried by all the modes of conveyance known in civilized countries. It is delivered finally ^56 HISTORY OF THE bja postman at the door to which it is addressed. Between the letter-box here and the Australian postman is a space of twelve thousand miles or more. It is traversed regularly in about thirty days, and at a cost of five cents. This is one of the marvels of our time, and not the least of them. PHYSICIANS. Dr. Aaron Aldrich was chosen by the town "gram- mar-school master "in 1778. He, together with his brother Solomon, settled on the farm north of Zimri Bowen's, towards the Benson place- But little is known of his practice. He removed from town early in its histor}^ to parts unknown. Dr. Ebenezer Swan came to town about 1776, and bought the farm which has borne his name to a recent date. He married Tamison, the daughter of James Ballou, sr. He continued in practice until his death in 1820. Dr. BufFum Harkness, son of Nathan, studied medicine in Hoosack, Mass., and removed to western New York in 1804, where he attained a large and successful practice. Before his removal, he lived in the house afterwards occupied by Dr. Brittan, and may have practiced here for a short time. Dr. Amos Howe's advent into town was in 1797. He established his office at first at Jedediah Buffum's, whose daughter Candace he soon married. The first public house at the Four corners, known after- wards as Mrs. Howe's tavern, was built by him about 1798. He went into the army as a surgeon in 1812, TOWN OF RICHMOND. 1 57 and died soon after while in service on the northern frontier. Dr. Martin Brittan commenced practice here about 1809. He lived in a house nearly opposite Pere- grine Wheeler's, and after a practice of about two years he died while on a journey to the west. Dr. John Parkhurst, the next on the list of physi- cians, came from Marlboro', N. H., about 1811, and took quarters at Peregrine Wheeler's at first. He afterwards bought and lived on the place now owned by Edmond B. Southwick. He attained an extensive practice both in and out of town. His education was respectable, and his natural abilities were of the first order. He maintained a high standard among the physicians of the county, by whom he was often called in consultations on difficult cases. His prac- tice covered a period of nearly thirty years. He used his means for the promotion of other pursuits, having interests at times in the store on the corner, the potash, the saw-mill, and the blacksmith shop. In his early practice he had a number of students, some of whom are remembered as belonging to town. We recall the names of Darius Garnsey, Nathan Cook, and Russell Ballou, jr. All of these became successful practitioners in the several localities to which they went. In 1840 Dr. Parkhurst, with his son John, went on a visit to his brother's, in Pennsylvania, -and from thence he never returned. He died soon after his arrival there of fever and dysentery, aged 59 years. Dr. George W. Hammond commenced practice in Richmond in i824-'5, and located at the middle of the town. He remained here a short time, and then re- moved to Gilsom in 1826, where he continued in sue- 158 HISTORY OF THE cessful practice many years. , He took for wife Miss Dianay Rawson, a daughter of Josiah Rawson, a highly accomplished lady of this town. Dr. Franklin Wallace made his debut herein 1835. He stayed but a few months, and then sought more inviting fields elsewhere. Dr. Lewis Ware was contemporary with Dr. Parkhurst, but the practice of each did not much interfere with each other, as Ware was a botanic travelling doctor, whose patients were mostly in Ver- mont. He was portly — would balance 250 — rode in an old one-horse chaise, and in his peregrinations was absent from home much of the time. He had little acquaintance with the citizens generally, living as he did in a corner of the town. His practice had the merit at least of causing no particular injury, if by chance it did no particular good. A fair estimate, however, would adjudge that his herbs were remedial, and that many having chronic complaints were bene- fitted thereby. Dr. Isaac P. Willis commenced practice at the middle of the town about 1833. He secured a fair share of practice, some of which he retained after his removal from town. After a short sojourn, he re- moved to Royalston, and finally succeeded to the large practice left by Dr. Stephen Batcheller, and served the people with " positive skill and science in his profession." Dr. Christopher C. Wheaton, a native of War- wick, Mass., formed a co-partnership with Dr. Park- hurst in 1836. His sojourn was quite limited. He removed to Winchester in 1838, where he succeeded in securing a large practice, which he retained until his death. While here, he kept one term of the TOWN OF RICHMOND. 159 school in the brick school-house, District No. 6. He was well educated, and evinced a good degree of skill in his profession. Being of a social turn and of jovial disposition, he acquired a host of friends. He dieH in Winchester. Dr. Alvin Ballou, from Halifax, Vt., moved into town in 1840, and was the successor of Dr. Park- hurst. He was a lineal descendant of Rev. Maturin Ballou, the first minister, through his eldest son Ben- jamin and grandson Asahel. After remaining in successful practice here about three years he removed to Princeton, 111. Dr. Leander Smith, from Royalston, was prac- tically the successor of Dr. Ballou. He studied with Dr. Stephen Batcheller, and was well equipped for the business. He married Elizabeth, the only daugh- ter of Dr. Parkhurst, and moved to Pennsylvania with the rest of the family in 1845. His name as a physician is still held in good repute. Dr. Samuel P. French, the last but not the least of the physicians of Richmond, a native of Gilmanton, N. H., took the place vacated by Dr. Smith in 1846. He was a graduate of Dartmouth college, and was well instructed in his profession. In literary attain- ments he was undoubtedly superior to anj- of his pre- decessors. His ability and worth as a citizen is well attested by the confidence reposed in him by electing him a representative to the General Court in 1856. In professional practice he undoubtedly re- ceived a full and fair share of the businiess of the town ; but fields of labor more inviting, apparently, called him away. He removed to Winchester in 1864, and after remaining there four years, removed to Warwick, Mass., in 1868. In both these places l6o HISTORY OF THE he appears to have secured a fair amount of practice ; but finally, in 1881, he returned to the people who had paid him the highest honors, and perhaps had rendered him the most substantial support. His earthly life was suddenly terminated by apoplexy while on a visit to a patient in February, 1882. Dr. Charles J. Town, from Stoddard, succeeded Dr. French in 1865. He left in 1867. Dr. Edward J. Dunnell came to town in 1868, and remained until about 1870. Dr. John Heard was here in 1873. He remained here but a few months. Dr., Joel R. Hardy occupied the field here for a short time in 1874. From this time forward to 1881, when Dr. French returned, the town was without a resident physician. Since the decease of Dr. French, Dr. George F. Shove, who occupied the pulpit of the Baptist church in 1882, has been the only resident physician. MINISTERS WHO WERE BORN OR BROUGHT UP IN TOWN. David Ballou, Moses B. Wheaton, Hosea Ballou, Reuben Bowen, jr. David Pickering, Lorenzo R. Thayer, Robert Bartlett, Randall H. Aldrich. PHYSICIANS BORN IN TOWN, SETTLED ELSEWHERE. Buffum Harkness, Russell Ballou, Nathan Cook, Darius Garnsey. MUSICIANS. Drummers — Bass, Bbenezer Ballou, Edwin P. Tenney, Israel C. Hale, Benjamin Aldrich. TOWN OF RICHMOND. l6l Drummers — Tenor. John Wooley, Luke Harris, Lewis Whipple, Moses Garnsey, Dan. Buffum, James Ballou' Willard Randall, James Ballou, Fifers. Leason Martin, Stephen BufFum. Willard Randall, Olney Ballou. Clarinet. Lucien Streeter, Edwin N. Bowen. Bugler. Holman Barrus. Trombone. Timothy Pickering, jr. Fiddlers. Ichabod Whipple, Nathaniel Naromore, jr., Benoni Ballou, Nathaniel Naromore, D. B. Aldrich, Timothy Pickering, jr. Bass Viol. Nathan Bowen, Alvan Atherton, Wheaton C. Jillson. BAND. The Richmond brass-band was organized June 5, 1874, ^"d continued until March 17th, 1883. The instruments were bought of John C. Haynes of Bos- ton, at a cost of $300. 1 62 HISTORY OF THE List of Members. Nathan E. Tuttle, Cornet Leader, Abner S. Barden, Bass Drum, Nathaniel Naromore, Solo Alto, Frank Amadon, Cornet, Orrin Brewer, Tenor, Albert E. Jillson, Basso, Edwin Amadon, Basso, Edwin N. Bowen, Clarinet, Lucius L. Fisher, Alto, F. O. Bowen, Baritone, Orrin B. Howe, Basso, Willis D. Martin, Cornet, Silas O. Martin, Alto, George W. Goddard, Tenor, Hiram E. Mellen, Cornet, WatrousGarnsej, Tenor Drum. Admitted after Organization. Ozro C. Flint, Stephen A. Bullock, Leslie E. Smith, Henry Bullock. INNS AND INN-KEEPERS. The town from the earliest time has been provided with ample accommodations for the travelling public. Before the town had been settled five years, at least three places of public entertainment were opened on the line of the old Winchester and Royalston road. The number of persons at one time licensed as inn-keepers seems now to have been dispropor- tionate to the public needs. About 1800, eight per- sons are recorded as inn-holders licensed to sell spirituous and intoxicating liquors. As it is hardly TOWN OF RICHMOND. 1 63 possible that these could have been supported to any considerable extent by travellers, it is but reasonable to conclude that they were licensed largely to supply the local demands for ardent spirits, which soon after the Revolutionary war came into quite general use, and were regarded as one of the necessities of the household, and, in fact, indispensable in carrying on the more laborious parts of husbandry or mechanical business. New England rum was the liquor mostly used. The general use of this became quite com- mon, and is traceable largely, no doubt, to habits acquired by those out in the service, where the rations of soldiers consisted in part of New England rum. The immediate and remote consequences of this com- merce must have been disastrous to the social and material interests of the people, and a greater hin- drance than all other agencies combined to the highest development and prosperity of the town. A marked change in the use and traffic of alcoholic liquors has taken place within the last fifty years, and the use of these as a beverage has been nearly dispensed with by the people of the town. The first inn-holder in town of which we have any account was Deacon John Cass, whose tavern was in use in 1765. Timothy Thompson, who lived next east on the old road, is also named in 1766. Silas Gaskill was an inn-keeper in 1776, and lived on the Ebenezer Ballou place. Jonathan Thurber, first settler on the farm now owned by Charles H. Cass, had a large two-story house which was kept as a tavern until about 1825. Captain Isaac Benson's house, still standing, was built for an inn, and was used for that purpose from 1788 to about 1810. Luke Cass had a tavern, a large two-story house, on 164 HISTORY OF THE or near the site of the residence of Nahum Cass, Esq., built about 1780. Samuel Curtis kept an inn on the Daniel Twitchell place from about 1770 to 1800. James Cook had a store, and was a licensed inn- keeper. The building was on the spot where the house of Edson Starkey, Esq., now stands. Na- thaniel Taft's tavern was the house now occupied by David B. Aldrich, Esq., and was built in 1788. Lemuel Peters built the Crooker house, so called, in 1790, designed especially for a public house, and was so used for about twenty years. The house at the middle of the town occupied by Julius M. Whipple was built by James Holmes in 1806, and was kept as a public house about twenty years. Dr. Amos Howe built the house at the Four corners, more generally known as "Mrs. Howe's tavern,'' in 1798, and it was used for public entertainment until 1872. The hotel at the Four corners, now kept by Jerry Allen, was built in 1817 by Sylvanus Wakefield, who sold it to David Powers. Wakefield removed from town about 1820. Mr. Powers continued in occu- pancy until about 1830, when he sold to Stephen Wheeler, Jr., of Troy. The house was remodeled and the barn enlarged by Stephen Wheeler in 1833 ; and again the house was enlarged by Obed E. Adams in 1865, and a new barn was built by George W. Howe in 1873. '^^e first barn was built on the corner west of the hotel. This is now the only hotel in town, and affords ample ac- commodations for the travelling public. Some other places may have been used to accommodate the pub- lic travel, as the owners were licensed inn-holders ; or they may have been used mainly for the sale of liquors. The house that formerly stood on the Tjie Old WAk'EriELO 'Vwerk. J A \/-^J ,'' I n WWJJIUlILl'li^i Mks. Howe' '5 Tavern. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 165 Cheney place, now owned by St. Clair, was prob- a,bly designed and used as a tavern by Capt. Oliver Capron, as his son Oliver was licensed is inn-keeper to sell liquors in 1796. Nathaniel A. Bowen had a store, and was licensed also as taverner from 1800 to 1815. Joseph Cass, who lived on the Henry Ingalls place, was an inn-keeper previous to 1827 ; also David Holbrook, who owned the farm next north of the Peleg Taft place, had an inn-keeper's license. STORES AND STORE-KEEPERS. It is quite probable that the first store in town was kept by Daniel Cass, sr., in his house, which was large and especially arranged for store purposes. Jazaniah Barrett, who became his successor in 1793, carried on an extensive business there until he sold to Peregrine Wheeler, about 1803, and he removed to Danby, Vermont. The old house was demolished about 1828 to give place to the house now occupied by Jonas Wheeler. James Cook established a store quite early in the north part, in the house afterwards occupied by James l66 HISTORY OF THE Buffum, and removed by Edson Starkey, Esq., to make room for his present residence. This store was well patronifed until about 1800. William Cook, the father of James, probably, preceded him in the business. The first store in the middle of the town was established about 1796, by Jedediah Buffum, with his son William in charge, who became insane about 1805, when the business was continued by Josiah Rawson until 1808, and by Jonathan Rawson, Esq., and Uberto Bowen until Jan. 9, 1853, when the same was burned and has never been rebuilt. For more than fifty years this store was the centre of a large trade, and was always well stocked with desirable goods. The first store was one story, and was enlarged by Rawson, when he built the house adjoining. The old store on the Crooker place, built by Lemuel Peters about 1795, was by him kept until 1805, when Capt. Benjamin Crooker came in posses- sion, and continued the business in company with Job Bisbee for a short time. Moses Potter afterwards was licensed to sell liquors there. Nathaniel A. Bowen had a store and was a licensed inn-holder on the Varney Gaskill place. The old house was removed about 1828, and stood on the spot now occupied by Edwin Bolles' house. Bowen car- ried on business here from 1800 to 1815. Nathan Cass had a store at the Roscoe Weeks place, which he sold to James Ballou, jr., in 1803. Mr. Ballou carried on the business until his death in 1808. The old corner store, at the Four corners, now occupied by Mr. Norwood, was built by Major Jonas TOWN OF RICHMOND. 1 67 Robinson of Fitzwilliam soon after the Ashuelot turnpike was made, about 1815. It has had various owners and occupants since, and for nearly seventy years has been kept open, and has received a liberal amount of patronage. It has been occupied by Job Bisbee, Dr. Parkhurst, N. Naromore, Enos Twitch- ell, Elon Holbrook, Stephen Wheeler, Brown Nourse, Tyler & Bassett, D. & D. Tyler, S. Cook, jr., Bryant & Wright, A. Piper, C. H. Lyon, and Charles Norwood. Sylvanus Wakefield, in connection with his hotel, built an ell for store purposes in 1817. He remained in the business but two or three years, and the room was unused for the sale of goods until re-opened by Obed E. Adams in 1865. Henry B. Swan and John Parkhurst, jr., opened a store in 1841, in the building now used for a house by Richard Fisher. The business was discontinued after a trial of four or five years. The Union store, at the middle of the town was built in 1855, ^^^ ^^s owned by a joint stock com- pany. The business done here, although consider- able, proved in the end disastrous to the stockholders, caused either by mismanagement on the part of the directors, or else by the incompetency of the agents employed. It was closed in 1872. MILLS AND MILL-OWNERS. Seventeen saw-mills, on as many different sites, have been built in various parts of the town, pro- pelled by water power, and two the motive power of which was steam. Of the former, five have been demolished; and of the latter, one has been removed. 1 68 HISTORY OF THE Sprague's Mills. The mills known to the older inhabitants as Sprague's mills, and now owned by Aijdrew Ama- don, were first built by David Cass about 1765, and by him sold soon after to Azariah Cumstock, and by p -»■ - 1 1^^ V ^^ ymi^^^s E^' : , ^^^^^ff" ^^^^^k^E^^ - — ?-^.. J IKg 111^ -' ^=^- ^Mfe^fcj M SplI II^B ^g^Mfe=dk. 1 j l«^« P ^s^^^Br*^ , jI-^ji 7 ■ scai^^f^^^^te the latter conveyed to Obediah Sprague about 1793- These consisted of a saw and grist mill, and until a recent date were the main reliance of the people in the south-west part of the town for their sawing and grinding. The grist-mill is now dispensed with, and the works are used for sawing lumber, staves, etc. Martin's Mill. John Martin, sr., as early as 1764 or 1765, built the mills which have been in the family name most of the time since, the same now owned and operated by his great-great-grandson, Leason Martin. Robert Works, an early settler, bought the mills of John Martin in 1784. Darling Sabin had them from 1805 to 1813, when they were bought by Robert Martin. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 1 69 These served the town for sawing and grinding more than'a century. The grist-mill was removed a few years since to make room for other works. The mills are now used for manufacturing bail-buckets, staves, and lumber. Wooley's Mill. Nathan Wooley built a saw-mill on the brook be- low the Sprague's mills very early in the settlement of the town. Tradition says this was the first mill built in town. Some signs of the old mill may still be seen above the bridge on the road to Whipple hill. John Cass' Mill. The saw-mill built by Deacon John Cass about 1766 was located on the brook now called the Tilsey, where Holbrook's trip-hammer shop formerly stood, and was removed to make place for the latter. The water-power here has been utilized for the manufac- ture of pails and staves. The works since Hol- brook's ownership have been operated by N. G. Woodbury, J. Nutting, and Naromore & Sons. Norwood's Mill. Francis Norwood was the builder of what has gen- erally been known as Thornton's mills. These were sold to Laban Thornton about 1790, and by him run for a number of years ; but after his death they were little used, and finally went to decay. Mr. Augustus Arnold rebuilt the mill about 1848, and sold it to Joseph N. Brown in 1864. The mill is now owned and operated by William C. Putney. 170 HISTORY OF THE Cook's Mills. The saw and grist mills at North Richmond were built by William Cook about 1780. The same were repaired by Paine Aldrich in 1830. John M. Sawyer became proprietor in 1833. David B. Aldrich man- ufactured pails here in 1848. Since then the works have been operated by Starkey & Garnsey, Sylvester Aldrich, Elbridge G. Bemis, and others. The grist- mill was removed years ago. Aldrich Mill. Ananias Aldrich built the saw-mill in " Activity," which for many years was called the Aldrich mill, and is now owned by David W. Williams. The Wing Savo-mill. The first saw-mill on Tully was built by John or Joseph Wing quite early in the history of the town. James Boyce rebuilt the same about 1830, and soon after put in a grist-mill near by, which was run a short time. These became the property of Bowman Howe about 1845, and have recently been owned by Edwin N. Bowen. The mill is now gone. Bo-wen's Mill. Nathan and Richard Bowen built a saw-mill on the Tully, nearly west of their residences, about 1840. This was run by Nathan for the manufacture of chair stuff until about 1870, when the works were removed. Handy' s Mill. George Handy erected a saw-mill about 1848 on the Tully, above the Howe mill. This mill, in con- TOWN OF RICHMOND. I^I junction with a steam mill, was operated by Edwin N. Bowen until the latter was burnt in 1881. The property is now owned by Mr. Young. F. O. Bowen's Mill. This saw-mill was built on the Tully by Jacob Whitcomb, jr., in 1848, and by him operated until his death in 1855, ^^^ since by the present proprietor, Mr. Bowen. Harkness' Mill. The mill now owned by Orrin B. Howe on Fall brook, the outlet of Cass' pond, was built by Dennis Harkness in 1850. Naromore' s Saw-mill. Nathaniel Naromore, sr., and Dr. Parkhurst built in 1824 a saw-mill on Fall brook, above the location of the Harkness mill. This mill, from want of sufficient power, did but little business, and soon passed away. Passett's, now Taylor's., Mill. On the site of the mill now owned by George H. Taylor was a saw-mill erected in the early time by Samuel Fassett. This was probably one of the first built in town. Hewes" Mill. This mill was located on Norwood's brook, above William C. Putney's mills, and was used in the early time for making hoes and scythes. Allen's Mill. Lilburn Allen, jr., erected on Boyce brook, about a half mile south-east of the residence of Nathaniel 1^2 HISTORY OF THE Hill's, a saw-mill in 1845. This was soon given up for want of power. The Great Steam Mill. About 1855 Asa Piper, together with his brother. Porter Piper of Leominster, erected on the Fitzwil- liam road, near the Four corners, a large and sub- stantial steam mill for the manufacture of lumber, pails, staves, and woodenware, including also a grist mill in the same. The works were run b}'' Asaf who became sole proprietor for about ten years, when the business was discontinued, and the building was finally removed to West Swansey in 1882, after re- maining unused about seventeen years. New Steam Mill. This mill, built in 1882 by Joseph Abbot, Esq., Leason Martin, and Oliver J. Nutting, for the manu- facture of lumber, pail, and box stuff, is located about one mile east of the Four corners, on the farm recently owned by Henry Rice. Grist Mills. In addition to the grist-mills already alluded to, viz., Sprague's, Martin's, Cook's, Boyce's, and Piper's, there were at one time two other small mills on TuUy brook, one near the Nathan Cook place, built by David Cobleigh, and the other north of the old turnpike, built by William Hills, and afterwards owned by John Harkness ; and also one on Norwood's brook at the old Hewes mill, and one built by Noah Aldrich. These, and one near the Wyman Thayer place, have long since passed away, TOWN OF RICHMOND. 1 73 and at the present time there is no grist-mill in the town. TANNERIES. The town has had within its limits at least four tanneries. The first two evidently were quite small and were built during the early settlement. One of these was on the Jonathan Gaskill farm, now owned by Jesse BoUes, and the other was owned by Abner or Miilliam Cumstock, and was on the place formerly owned by Elisha Brigham, below Sprague's mills. About 17945 William Bassett, sr., put in a yard and built a currying-shop on the old road south of his house leading to the Sweet place. Business was carried on here about thirty years. Darling Sabin had a yard north of Martin's mills, and Amasa Aldrich also had one near the Nathan Aldrich place. Daniel Bassett and Elisha Harkness, in 1817, built at the Four corners, on the place now owned by Cyrel Amadon, one of the largest tanneries then in the county of Cheshire. This was operated most of the time. by Daniel Bassett and his sons until 1852, when the business was finally given up, and the buildings were soon after removed. MECHANICAL INDUSTRIES. The town has. never presented an inviting field for the manufacturer whose business depended for its success upon permanent water power. The topog- raphy of the town is such, its position so elevated, as to be the source of several small streams, which diverge in different ways, emptying into the Ashuelot and Miller's rivers. These have afforded considerable 174 HISTORY OF THE power for saw and grist mills, except in the summer season, when most of them failed to fm-nish a supply for these purposes ; hence no factories requiring large and continuous power could herein find suitable sites for their operations, but some of the lesser in- dustries have been carried on with considerable suc- cess. Of these, such. as have been connected with working up the timber necessarily takes precedence. Pine Timber. , The town originally abounded in large quantities of pine timber, and considerable quantities escaped the levelling axe of the first settlers. These were largely cut into boards and carted to Northfield, and from thence floated down the Connecticut. Price about $8 and $io per i ,000 feet, delivered. Hard Wood. The first attack on the hard timber was the split- ting and shaving of chair-posts from beech and maple timber. This industry commenced about sixty years ago. These posts were cut about three feet long and two inches in diameter. The price was about $15 per 1,000 feet, delivered in Gardner. Shocks. Red-oak timber was quite abundant formerly. This came into demand about fifty years ago for making shocks, which was a bundle of staves suffi- cent to make a hogshead all dressed and ready to be set up in the West Indies. These, before the ex- tension of railroads in this vicinity, were transported to the Connecticut, and then floated down that stream. The price was $12 per 1,000 for staves. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 175 Chair Stuff. Large establishments for the manufacture of chairs created an increased demand for the material for that purpose. It wag found profitable after a while to cut up hard-wood timber in the mills here by patterns for chairs. This business was carried on by Nathan and Richard Bowen, Jacob Whitcomb, jr., and others. Scythe Snaths. Large quantities of scythe snaths were formerly made here by the Garnseys, William and Cyrus, and by Robert Swan, Nathan Aldrich, Luke Harris, Reuben Boura, and James BuflTum. Wooden Ware. Several mills were engaged in making wooden ware, such as clothes-pins, pail and mop handles, bobbins^ and various other things. Pails and Buckets. The manufacture of pails commenced about 1845. David B. Albrich is believed to have been the first in the field in this enterprise. He carried on the busi- ness at the mills in North Richmond, then called "Guinea", until about 1852, and was succeeded by Edson Starkey and Sanford Garnsey & Co., and they, in turn, by Sylvester Aldrich. Nathan G. Woodbury, who had bought the Enos Holbrook trip-hammer shop for the purpose of work- ing up sapling pines, erected a pail factoiy, which he successfully managed for several years, and finally sold the premises to John Nutting, who, with his sons, Oliver P. and John F., continued the business. 176 HISTORY OF THE there until the spring of 1882, when their factory was burned, and they sold to the present owners, N. Naromore & Sons, who now make pail stuff, hoops, and wooden ware. About 1850 Uberto Bowen and Joseph N. Taft erected a pail-shop on the old Crane place, above the road. They sold to Robert A. and Z. A. Boyce, sons of Robert Boyce, who continued the business a short time. The business has since been given up, and the mill is gone. OTHER INDUSTRIES. Scythes and Hoes. Enos Holbrook was a successful manufacturer of these articles, which had a ready sale in the sur- rounding country. He was engaged in the business from about 1805 to 1830. Spinning Wheels. The demand for these was quite large when the country was first settled, as every family had to be provided with these indispensable articles for working wool and flax. Rev. Maturen Ballou and his son David worked at this business, as did some others. Old Paul Jillson and his son Silas also made them. Chairs. Old-fashioned kitchen chairs, with basket-stuff bot- toms, were made by Luther Cook and his son Nicholas. Moses Tyler, Esq., also worked at the business a part of the time, as did his son Moses. James Lovett, who resided at North Richmond TOWN OF RICHMOND. 1 77 several years, made dining-chairs of a fine pattern and finish, which found a ready sale for furnishing the "square rooms." His shop was over the clothing works. Oliver Perry also was a chair maker. Hats. The town was always well supplied with hatters. Considerable quantities of these goods were made here fi-om forty to fifty years ago, and sold to stores in the surrounding country. These were mostly black felt, but fur hats could always be ob- tained on order, and were warranted to fit. The principal ones engaged in this industry were Robert Buffum, Alfred Saben, Isaac Work, Richard Weeks, and Jonathan Pickering. Furniture. From the earliest times there" were some cabinet- makers who supplied the home demand. Among these was Samuel Hunting, of Revolutionary times, and, later, Samuel Griffith, who worked a while at Levi Wheeler's. The Cooks, Luther and Nicholas, also did something in this line. Curled Hair. Hon. Joseph Weeks and his son Roswell prepared for market considerable quantities of curled hair for upholstering purposes. Lam-p-black. Jacob Sweet at one time made from white-birch bark considerable quantities of lamp-black in a small log-house made for the purpose in the birch woods west of his house. iy8 HISTORY OF THE Sheef Shearing. Many of the farmers employed adepts in the art of clipping. Chief among those thus employed, per- haps, may be recorded Mordica Cass, who sheared ninety-nine in one day, and offered a dollar to any person who would furnish another and make in round numbers one hundred. Wh eelwrigh ting. Deacon Amos Garnsey is named in the early records as a wheelwright. Later, Liberty Aldrich had a wheelwright shop, the same afterwards used by Ellery K. Aldrich. Also Luther Cook and Moses Tyler worked some at the business. Of late years Harvey Martin has been the principal one engaged in it. Palm-leaf Hats. The braiding of palm-leaf hats has probably con- tributed more to the prosperity of the town than any other mechanical industry, with the exception, pos- sibly, of the manufacture of pine lumber. This business has been extensively carried on for more - than fifty years. Nearly every family has been more or less engaged in it, and this has been the means of furnishing many a family with their chief means of support. The amount earned in this industry during this period, if the same had been saved and put on interest, would have been sufficient at the present time to more than pay for all the real and personal estate in the town. Hand- Weaving. Large quantities of cotton-yarn were woven into cloth in the hand-looms before the power-loom was TOWN OF RICHMOND. l>jg operated. Silas Jillson, Nathaniel Boorn, and others, brought up from Rhode Island the yarn, and put out the weaving about 1820. Many of the women were employed in this industry. It was mostly a blue-and- white check. Coopering. About 1830, Stephen Wheeler built a cooper's shop on the corner near Jerry Allen's barn, and made for some years large numbers of fish-barrels. These were made of red oak, and were transported to Bos- ton by Benjamin Kelton and others on enormous racks prepared for the purpose. Brick- Tards. The first brick-yard of which we have any account was owned by Grindall Thayer. Most of the brick used in town were from this yard. Those used in building the brick meeting-house were here manufac- tured, as also were those for the old brick school- house at the Four corners, and for the house of Enos Holbrook. Stephen Buffum, about 1825, made a brick-yard near the middle of the town, just south of the cemetery. The business here was soon given up. Wool- Carding and Cloth- Dressing Establishments. The first fulling-mill and cloth-dressing establish- ment appears to have been built by Robert Works, who early became the owner of Martin's mills. This was located above the mills near where the reservoir now is. Joel Abbot was probably the last that operated the works, about 1813. The first mill, on the site of the one now owned by Danford W. i8o HISTORY OF THE Martin at North Richmond, was evidently built by William or Nicholas Cook about 1780, and was operated by Lowell Clapp about 1815. This was built and used for dressing cloth. Clapp re- mained until 1818, and was succeeded by Alpheus Capron, who died there in 1823. Capron was suc- ceeded by Willard Randall, and he in turn by Oliver Puffer and Martin Sawyer. These latter put in a wool-carding machine. This, however, may not have been the first operated in town. Puffer con- tinued the business until he removed from town. The carding machine was afterwards used by Nelson Thayer. Cloth-dressing was carried on to some ex- tent at an early date by Grindall Thayer. His mill was near the Wyman Thayer place. Robert Swan had a wool-carding machine in the mill west of the old Crane house. This may have been operated previously by Crane. BLACKSMITHS. Reuben Parker. From the first settlement the town was well pro- vided with blacksmiths, much better in fact than in these latter days, when it is difficult to get a horse TOWN OF RICHMOND. l8l- shod in town. The first shop was evidently on the Thomas' Wooley farm, the place now occupied by Andrew Amadon. Reuben Parker, who married a daughter of Mr. Wooley, carried on the business there about seven years, and afterwards continued the business on the hill where he settled, and the same was continued by his sons, Jacob and Samuel. Azariah Cumstock. On the place where Mr. Cumstock first settled, near the junction of the old road with the Sprague road, was a blacksmith shop. After his removal to the Obediah Sprague place he probably continued the business. George Harkness occupied the old shop about 1810. Francis Norwood. For the accommodation of the west part, Francis Norwood had a shop, where he continued the busi- ness fot twenty years or more. This was near the big rock, on the road to Winchester. Daniel Cass. Mr. Cass, who probably was not a blacksmith, evidently had a shop, and the business after his re- moval was carried on by Jazaniah Barrett, his suc- cessor, and continued there a while by Peregrine Wheeler. James Kingsley. James Kingsley, who was the first on the farm known as the Benjamin Man place, was a blacksmith. This place was on a travelled way before the building of the Ashuelot turnpike. l82 HISTORY OF THE Aaron Cumstock. Mr. Cumstock, who was an early settler on the south part of the Henry Rice place, had a shop near the old house spot. He remained there but a few years, and the business was then discontinued. Levi Aldrich. Levi Aldrich was a blacksmith, and had a shop on his place which was a great convenience to the people in the north part. He had in connection with the shop a trip-hammer and a small foundry. His son Noah afterwards carried on the business there. Ebenezer Cole. Near the town pound was formerly a blacksmith shop, built by Mr. Cole about 1766. He continued in the business until about 1777. Captain Bryant, and perhaps some others, worked there afterwards. Royal Ormsby. Royal Ormsby had a blacksmith shop near the brook north of Leason Martin's. It was given up about 1813. Joel Cass. Joel Cass, son of Deacon John Cass, had a black-: smith shop on the road westof the old tavern. It was given up about 1800. Chandler Bryant. Chandler Bryant was a blacksmith, and had a shop on the Rufus Whipple place. Jerahmeel Allen. Mr. Allen had a shop near his house, on the north side of the old turnpike, and did considerable busi- ness there until a shop was built at the Four corners. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 183 George Harkness. George Harkness first carried on the business at the old Azariah Cumstock shop. He removed to the Four corners about 1814, and there built a shop nearly opposite the residence of Mr. Southwick. From thence he removed to the old Jos. Wing place, and again he moved to the John Pickering place, and in each of these places he built a shop, but in none was the business continued after he left, except at the Four corners. Nathan Newell of Troy succeded him at the latter place, and continued there until about 1834 5 ^^d he, in turn, was succeeded by Abial L. Smith and Charles Roper. Willard Ran- dall engaged in the business in 1838, and has con- tinued there until the present time. He built a new shop some years ago a few rods west of the old loca- tion. yedediah and Esek Buffum. Jedediah Buffum was a blacksmith, and had a shop by the side of the road east of his house. His son Esek also carried on the business when he lived on the Corey place. He continued the business at the old shop after his return to the old homestead about 1808. Henry Ballou, Sr. Henry Ballou, sr., was a blacksmith, and had a shop when he lived on the place now owned by Mrs. James A. Mellen ; also, a shop on the Jonathan Sweet place, where he lived at the time of his decease. > William Hunt. William Hunt carried on blacksmithing in a shop near where Calvin Martin now lives. 184 HISTORY OF THE Alvah Keyes, AlvahKeyes had a shop at the middle of the town. It stood where Julius M. Whipple's barn now is. Amos W. Newell. Amos W. Newell continued business in the Keyes shop, but finally built a new shop on the common east of the old Baptist church. Amos G. Bennett. Amos G. Bennett built a new blacksmith shop on the Pickering place, near the Four corners, about 1855. This has been occupied by various parties since Mr. Bennett removed to Swansey. Harvey Martin. " Harvey Martin has for many years done black- smithing in connection with his carriage work. CARPENTERS. Paul Boyce, Stephen Harris, Paul Jillson, Luther and Nicholas Cook, Israel and George Martin, Samuel and Timothy Pickering, and nearly all of the latter's sons, Henry Rice, jr., Benjamin David, Lucius and Hosea Aldrich, Orrin, Edson, and John Starkey, George and Henry Taylor, Nathaniel Naromore, and Nathaniel Naromore, jr. SHOEMAKERS. The town in the early time was quite well supplied with shoemakers ; some of the craft were in' each part of the town. In the south-east part, Jonathan Cook did a considerable portion of the work. In the ■|4 ^"T^ Old Baptist Meeting^House. See page 185. Union Store (Middle of Town). Seepage 167. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 185 north-west, John Bolles took the lead, and in the centre, Moses Allen, sr., was the principal work- man. Some of the early shoemakers went with their kit from house to house, and made up the year's stock for the family from leather bought of the tanner. Previous to 1800, the bottQms of boots and shoes were sewed on. A pair of calf-skin boots were supposed to last nearly a lifetime. The best in general use for the misses to go to meeting in was calfskin. Some more favored occasionally had morocco, but this was a luxury not shared by all. In later times are remembered the following who worked at the trade, viz. : George Handy, Amos Bennett, Aaron Tenney, Ballou Swan, Stillman Twitchell, Stephen Bolles, Ephraim Bennett, Carlos Jewell, Alonzo Ballou, John Butterfield, Edwin P. Tenney, and John Wheeler. OLD BAPTIST MEETING-HOUSE. The old Baptist meeting-house, which is still stand- ing and used as a town-house, was built about 1781, and was first occupied by the town for holding town- meetings, in August, 1782, and has been continuously so used since. It was erected by the old Baptist church, on land conveyed to them by Hezekiah Man, who soon after removed to Swansey, but at this time was living in the Bill BufFum house. The building is thirty by forty feet, of solid oak timber of huge dimensions, and would last another century if pro- tected from the weather. The interior arrangement was patterned after the style of the period, with high pulpit, in front of which was the deacon's seat. It had square box pews, and galleries on three sides, l86 HISTORY OF THE with no fireplace or other provision for warming. The tow,n altered and repaired the house in 1884, at an expense of $150. The body pews were removed and benches substituted instead, was plastered over- head, a chimney built, and a stove put in. This ex- penditure, with the exception of shingling once about i«io, at a cost of $25, is nearly all the town has had to pay for the town-house for a century. Clustering around this ancient edifice are many historic associations. The foundations were laid in faith and hope by men who, in addition to the labor of making homes in the wilderness, had but just passed through the fiery, trying ordeal of the Revo- lution. It has stood unmoved and unshaken for a century, and is to-day a fit monument to perpetuate the memory of the fathers. The house was dedi- cated to the worship of God, but this did not preclude the use of it for other proper and necessary purposes. The builders were not narrow and bigoted, and did not regard it a defilement for the transaction of town business. No necessary, legitimate business with them was pollution. All necessary work was relig- ious work. In this they manifested a liberality in advance of the age. Many changes have been rung within the walls. The pious, devotional intonations from the sacred desk have alternated with the coarse ejaculations and clamors of contending factions. A phonograph that could reveal all the words herein spoken would make a volume incomparable in the literature of the world for its fullness in diversity of sentiment and in quaintness of style. The exterior is a familiar sight to all who have lived in town, and many of the older inhabitants remember the interior as it was. To all, this is a connecting link with the TOWN OF RICHMOND. 187 first settlers, and should be preserved in remembrance of their many virtues. BURIAL PLACES. The town in its corporate capacity hds never had a cemetery over which it has exercised exclusive juris- diction. The one at the middle of the town appears to have received some supervision of late on the part of the town, as is evinced by the building therein a few years since a town receiving tomb ; but otherwise than this, the town has heretofore taken no action in the mat- ter. In all parts of the town may be found burial-places. About a dozen of these places have been counted up, selected chiefly as a matter of convenience by those living in the neighborhood of each. The means of carriage and transportation were such that the early settlers availed themselves of such places as were suitable and near at hand for the final repose of their dead, and of those thus early selected quite a number continue to be used. The noticeable feature I»» HISTORY OF THE of all is the comparatively few head-stones there are in each in proportion to the number of graves. The custom adopted by the Friends in the early time, of having no stone to mark the resting place of the de- parted, was copied by most of the inhabitants, and very few can be found bearing date prior to 1800. It may be seen that if only a moderate proportion of the graves had been marked, a very great aid would have been rendered the compilers of the genealogy of the families of the town. Many of the burial places appear to be uncared for. Not many living here now have a direct interest in the matter. Many families which once used these have disappeared, and none are left in charge of the trust. Individual action soon dies out and becomes extinct. The municipality is the only power capable of managing such matters through long periods of time, and to this should be confided the supervision and care of all places where the forefathers sleep. These grounds should present an inviting rather than a repulsive aspect, and should be fit places for visitation for purposes of meditation and spiritual improvement. The Cass burying-ground is as ancient as any. This spot was given by Daniel Cass, sr. , soon after the settlement of the town, and has largely been used by his descendants and connections, together with some of the members of the James Ballou family, and some others. The Quaker yard was donated to the monthly meeting of the society of Friends about 1790 by Jede- diah BufFum. The first burial there was a dausrhter of the donor, Esther, the wife of Daniel Man, about 1780. The remains of Gideon Man, sr., and some others were removed from their first place of sepul- TOWN OF RICHMOND. igo ture, south of the corner store, about 1809, by reason of the graves being within the lines of the Ashuelot turnpike. The middle-of-the-town cemetery was bought by Jedediah BufFum of Hezekiah Man for a burial-place about 1780. This has been used for more general interment than any other, and has a receiving-tomb, built by the town in 1866. The ground is dry and elevated, and well adapted for the purpose ; and, by enlargement, might be made a place more fully to answer the need of the town in the future. The burial-ground on the hill in the north part of the town was probably set aside for the purpose quite early by Capt. Abner Aldrich. The date of the oldest head-stone is 1787, and this may have been a number of years after the ground was thus used. The Benson yard was bought of Capt. Isaac Ben- son and Peleg Bo wen, in 1807, by Joseph Newell, Thomas Bowen, Noah Bisbee, and others, /for the sum of $88. Like the other cemeteries, it has never been laid out in lots, but has been free to all who may want to occupy it. The Benson family tomb is in one corner of the ground, and was reserved by Benson in the sale. The Whipple-hill cemetery, located on land for- merly of Capt. Ebenezer Barrus, is one of the older places of interment. Two hundred and ten have* their resting-place there, of which one hundred have graves that are marked. The Whipple-family yard is nearly opposite the other, and is on the north side of the road. It con- tains forty graves, of which only thirteen are named. The Deacon John Cass burial-ground, on the farm of Perley Amadon, contains a few graves mostly of IC)0 HISTORY OF THE the Cass and Kelton families. It is now seldom used. Capt. Amos Boorn had a place for family inter- ment near the north-west corner of his farm. About twenty are here buried. The premises are now owned by Calvin Martin. The Silas Ballou lot, a small enclosure south of Dennis Harkness', on the west side of the road, con- tains the earthly remains of Silas Ballou, the poet, and wife, together with those of Elijah Harkness and wife, and others of his family. The Seth Ballou lot, north of the old Seth Ballou place, is the last resting-place of a few of his family and some others. The Ellis family yard is on the Deacon Ellis place, now owned by Henry Bullock. This contains about twenty, mostly unmarked graves. The north-west burial-ground is on the south side of the road west of George H. Taylor's. In this was deposited the remains of members of the Scott, Page, and Thayer and other families of the neigh- borhood. Nathaniel Taft's family lot, located north-east of his house, contains a very few graves, mostly of his family. There are some other places where two or three are buried together, of which we have no definite knowledge, and unknown they must remain until the last trumpet shall blow. TIMES OF UNCOMMON SICKNESS AND DEATH. Certain years are remembered as times of uncom- mon mortality, times in which whole neighborhoods were attacked by some prevailing epidemic, caused TOWN OF RICHMOND. I91 largely by miasmatic influences and atmospherical changes. Fevers of various types were formerly quite prevalent, the typhus was almost yearly a visi- tor in some households; its ravages were often fear- ful and alwa}'^s to be dreaded. The treatment by the best practitioners of that time, of fevers especially, was such as would now be considered inhuman and barbarous, by the faculty of any school of medicine ; that many died is no wonder — that so many lived after such depletion, is a Wonder. No records now show how many were swept away at particular times by any prevailing distemper. About 1780, numerous cases of fever occurred, of which many died. In 1790, many children died; Jonathan Cook lost four children that were nearly grown up. Again, in 1795, a malignant disease pre- vailed to an alarming extent among children. This epidemic prevailed to a greater extent in Royalston, and was there more fatal in its results ; all the chil- dren of some quite large families died. Some neigh- borhoods were fatally attacked by typhus in 1812; Whipple hill, in particular, was the scene of its rav- ages. Numbers then died, among whom were Darius Adams, who lived on the Cheney place, and Eben- ezer Barrus, 2d. The year 1865 is now spoken of as the " year when so many died." About fifty took their departure dur- ing this year ; some died of consumption, some of fever, and some of old age. No epidemic prevailed, but typhoid dysentery was quite common, of which many died. They were visited, it seems, " By the pestilence that creepeth in the darkness, And by the plague that wasteth at noonday." 192 HISTORY OF THE ACCIDENTAL DEATHS. The percentage of deaths by accident in this town may fairly be regarded as exceptionally small when compared with some other towns of no greater popu- lation, in which in a single day more lives have been destroyed by some fatal casualty than has occurred herein during its entire history. The town has never been visited by the terrible cyclone, strewing its path with death and destruction, nor has any conflagration shrouded in its fiery embrace the members of any household ; nor has other elemental strife caused wholesale destruction of life or property. During the times of settlement, when the primeval forest was being levelled, no death is chronicled, as might be supposed, from the felling of trees. A few cases of the kind, at a latter date, are still remembered. The history of the town is not blotted by a single murder or homicide within its borders, with the exception of the one traditionally related of savage warfare on a traveller passing through town. The first in the list of accidental deaths of which we have gained any definite knowledge was the sud- den death of Jacob Boyce, who was kicked by a stallion in Royalston, by which the femoral artery was severed, and he bled to death immediately, in June, 1796. Daniel Thurber, son of Hezekiah Thurber, was drowned in Cass' pond while attempting to swim the narrows between the points north-west of the old Baptizing place, about 1800. Jacob Martin, son of Moses Martin, was killed by being thrown from a horse while descending the Swan hill, near the great rock, about 1813. Chester Martin, son of Ezra, was killed by falling on a stone in going to school about 1830. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 1 93 Calvin, son of Calvin Bryant, was killed while getting over a fence in Swansey, Jan. 7, 1828. Willard, son of Joseph BufFum, was^thrown from a wagon and killed about 1830. James Ellis, son of Deacon Martin Ellis, was thrown from a wagon while descending a hill in Templeton and killed, July 19, 1813. Jedediah B. Taylor, son of Elias Taylor, was killed while felling trees in the woods, Feb. 16, 1826. Hannah ' Cook, daughter of Luther Cook, was struck by lightning and instantly killed in the house now occupied by Calvin Cook, Sept. 25, 1829, the only death by lightning known in town. Gardner Boom, son of Stephen Boorn, while blasting rocks on the new road south of Benjamin Kelton's for Colonel BufFum, was killed by careless management of a rock explosion in 1832. Jacob Martin, son of Wilderness Martin, was in- stantly killed by the kick of a horse on the side of his head. May 29, 1840. Henry Harrison Rice, son of Henry Rice, fell trom the frame of a saw-mill building, near the old Crane place, and died from, the injury received, June 26, 1851. Wheaton C. Jillson, in felling a tree in Wheeler's woods, near Cass' pond, was killed by the tree re- bounding, Sept. 9, 1865, aged 55. Cyrenus Taft, son of Peleg Taft, jr. , was instantly killed while working in the woods on Attleboro' mountain by the rebounding limb of a tree, Feb. 5, 1864, aged 40. Paul Martin, son of Wilderness, living in Fitz- william at the time, died on account of a wound re- ceived in felling a tree in that town, in 1865. 13 194 HISTORY OF THE Oscar Bennett, son of Amos, was killed by being run over by a wagon drawn by a span of horses, Sept. 30, 1854, a^ged 24. Amos A. Flint, who was living on the Daniel Cass place, in the east part of the town, was instantly killed by a circular-saw in Handy & Bowen's mill, April 14, 1869. Two children of George W. Taylor, and one of Sumner P. Taylor, were killed by the falling of a cart body, Sept. i, 1856. A son of Joseph N. Brown was killed by a span of horses in Winchester, Aug. 5, 1865, aged 14. FIRES. The town has not suffered greatly by fires, com- paratively few indeed have occurred of any magni- tude. There may have been some in the early time of which we have no account, but the first in list of burnings appears to have been as late as the winter of 1816-1817, when the house of William Garnsey was burnt in the night time. This was the old Jon- athan Gaskell house, which stood near where the house of Jesse Bolles now is. The barn of Grindall Thayer was destroyed by fire about 1820. The origin of this was supposed to be incendiary ; Prentice Thayer was convicted of the crime, for which he suffered three years in state prison. The old Deacon Amos Garnsey house was burned 1843. David Buffum, 2d, owned the premises, and was living in the house at the time. David Martin's house, which stood where Otis Mar- tin resides, was burned about 1844. This was a very good two-story house. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 1 95 The old John Pickering house, owned at the time by Seth A. Curtis, was destroyed by fire about 1840. Uberto Bowen's store took fire on the night of Jan- uary 9, 1853, and was reduced to ashes, together with most of the goods therein. This was the great- est loss, by any one fire, that has ever occurred in town. A. Halsey Atherton had the misfortune, about 1875, to lose by the fiery element the old Atherton man- sion, built by Jonathan Atherton, his great-grand- father, quite early in the history of the town. The Luke Aldrich house, situated next south of old Nathan Aldrich's house, was burned about 1879. "^^^ origin of this was supposed to have been incendiary. Amos Lawrence was burned out 1878. This was the house where Uriah Thayer formerly lived. Most of his furniture and clothing was lost. Hiram Bryant's barn was struck by lightning and consumed, while he lived on the Josiah Lawrence place. The old Gideon Man barn, owned by Edmond H. Southwick, situated near the Four corners, was de- stroyed by lightning, together with the contents, 1882. The whole loss on buildings for more than one hundred years has evidently been less than $10,000, while the premiums that would have been required to insure them in any good company at a moderate estimate for the time, must have amounted to more than $30,000, an argument in favor of strictly farm- ing towns insuring the buildings within their limits. TOWN MEETINGS. The town meetings in olden time were apparently of more account than in these latter days ; the assemblages were large, there were more to attend than now, and 196 HISTORY OF THE perhaps politics ran higher ; but aside from the busi- ness to be transacted, it was a sort of gala day, a time for amusement and sport. The jesters, wrestlers, and boxers were there in force ; rings were made on the common, or else recourse was had to Rawson's hall which was often the arena for the athletes. The hall was alternately used for wrestling or dancing, as the company desired. Quite often some champion of the ring from other towns was present to chal- lenge the bully of the town. Considerable excitement attended the matches, which constituted an annual side show for many years. The gingerbread business was triumphant in these days ; the sale of this was a special feature of the day, usually one or more bread carts were there, and the store and stand were well supplied. This was the great gingerbread day, every one ate it with a relish, and each carried home as much as his bandanna would hold, for the wife and children. Rawson's store and most of his house was given up to the public ; the floors were heavily sprinkled with sawdust, and usually as many were there as at the meeting-house ; and when an impor- tant vote was to be taken, a messenger was quite often sent to summons the voters. This absenteeism was owing largely to the fact that in the early time the house was unwarmed and hence uncomfortable on most March meeting-days. The town meeting was on the whole a tumultuous assembly, and the moderator at times needed stentorian lungs, and a free use of the gavel to keep order. The presiding officers who could not so well leave the house for warmth and refreshment, were well provided with ample means of support through the trying ordeal incident to their position ; a full mug of toddy was TOWN OF RICHMOND. 1 97 usually placed on a projection of the pulpit before which they stood, and an occasional sip seemed to revive their flagging spirits, and as the burdens of the day pressed with greater urgency, toward night recourse was more often had by all, to the same means of support. The records of the town bear evidence of prudent and legal management generally ; occasionally, how- ever, is noticed some proceedings diverging from the ordinary course. In a report of the committee to settle with the selectmen, 1808, the following items of expenditure occur. " The Selectmen also gave Elijah Howard thirty dollars to encourage him to marry Hannah Alexander of the town's money." " The selectmen also took of town's money to settle Esq. Tyler's fine and cost for marrying Elijah How- ard and Hannah Alexander One hundred and six dollars." This liberality on the part of the town was for the purpose of getting rid of a pauper by her marriage with some person out of town, a transac- tion at the time considered a justifiable deviation from the golden rule. SINGING-SCHOOLS. About 1835, o^^ Twitch'ell, from Vermont, kept two or three terms in succession a singing-school in the hall of Wheeler's tavern, which was largely at- tended by old and young from different parts of the town. This was an era worthy of note in marking the development of musical talent in the town, and was productive of much good in a social point of view, in making better acquainted those residing in different sections, who rarely met except at spelling- 1 98 HISTORY OF THE schools in the various districts, or at other gatherings in the neighborhoods. The teacher was considered well qualified for the position. He pitched his tune from the tuning-fork. They sang " Old Hundred," "Hebron," "Peterboro'," and other good old tunes, and also practiced some anthejns which were- re- hearsed with good effect at the close of the school. A few years later, say about 1840, Abram Marshall, from Lunenburg, kept a number of terms at the Four corners. One kept over the old corner store is re- membered as having been well patronized, and on the whole eminently successful. Marshall, in personal appearance, was the reverse of his predecessor, Twitchell. Marshall assumed more importance, and had more of a commanding way, so much so that he was thought by some to be exceedingly egotistical. This opinion was largely shared in, undoubtedly, by Uncle Tim (Esquire Pickering) who made this remark in relation to Marshall's playing on a trombone at one of the May trainings : " This Marshall goes marching about with his horn, too-tee ! too-tee ! and he thinks it's moosic. I tell you it is no moosic at all. He is one of those cat-headed and monkey- witted creatures whose eyes are on the top of his head just like a great baboon." Passing over this severely sharp sarcasm on Marshall indulged in by Pickering, we come down to nearly the present time, when William Atherton of Winchester, son of the venerable Esquire Atherton, formerly of Richmond, occupied the field here for several terms, who has the reputation of being a systematic and successful teacher of singing. His last term was in the winter of 1883-4, i" ^^^ h^ll of Jerry Allen, at the old Wakefield hotel. TOWN OF RICHMOND. [99 HOW OLD GROUT BEAT THE TOWN, AND AFTER- WARDS WENT TO RAISING POPPIES. Nahum Grout, a well known citizen of the town of sixty years ago, was reputed to be a Federalist, perhaps the only one at the time in town. The ma- jority, in order to show either their disrespect for the man, or manifest their detestation for his political principles, chose him at the annual meeting, about 1812, hog reeve, the duties of which office was to ring all swine found running at large in the highway, or else to put them into the town pound. Grout assumed the office with much complacency, and great dignity, withal, and at a proper and most favorable time began operations in earnest, as many of his political opponents soon found out, who had been ac- customed to turn their hogs into the public way. By the aid of efficient help, which he seasonably se- cured. Grout gathered a respectable drove as to num- bers, mostly belonging to such of his neighbors and townsmen as had been foremost in promoting him to the office, and lodged the animals securely, as he supposed, within the pound, and patiently waited the appointed time in expectancy of his fees ; but as luck 200 HISTORY OF THE would have it, the enclosure was insufficient to hold this kind of cattle, and the pigs all escaped from their imprisonment, and most of them, led by a peculiar instinct, returned to their several homes during the succeeding night. Again, in this emergency, Grout was equal to the occasion ; he sued the town for dam- age, as by their neglect he had lost his fees, and as complainant, caused the town to be fined for neglect in not providing such enclosure as the "law directs." Grout recovered in his suit, as may be supposed, much to the disgust of such as would have gladly humili- ated the man by the degrading nature of the office. The town was mulcted in the sum of nearl}'^ one thous- and dollars, and ever after Mr. Grout was allowed to remain unburdened by office intended as a stigma to his character and an insult to his name. Grout, elated somewhat, no doubt, by his success in the law, and considering that he had the requisite ability to make a fortune by introducing a new industry, hit upon the idea of planting his farm (now the St. Clair place), with poppies, for the purpose of making opium. His purpose was so far consummated, as to seed the land with these plants, which made a fair growth, considering that the nature of the soil and the method of cultivation varied somewhat from other parts of the world where the soporific herb is suc- cessfully cultivated. All the spare women in the neighborhood were employed in picking the poppies at the time of harvest. The yield however of opium, was disproportionate to the expense incurred, and the sanguine expectations which had wonderfully braced him up during the season of growth, in the end faded out, leaving the man forlorn, without hope, and with- out faith in any attempt to gain a living by labor, in TOWN OF RICHMOND. 20I cultivating the soil that would not yield the cost in growing poppies. After this he seemed to have lost his voice, and became a travelling merchant, stocked with a basket of bottles, selling essence. In all the country here about, No equal had this Nahum Grout, To rake the ways, the hogs to ring, Or to the pound the " critters " bring. He taught the ones that showed a spite. That now and then a Fed. was right. Whate'er he lost in time or purse In poppy fields, is naught to us. To him it seemed a useless toil To grub a living from the soil ; So in the end, perhaps from choice, About the time he lost his voice, He took a more congenial trade, In selling essence, by him made. HOW SOLOMON ATHERTON STOCKED CROOK- ER'S FARM. Solomon Atherton, the first settler on the Reuben Rich place, became in his later years partially insane ; hiswas comparatively a mild type, — he was harmless, but some of his doings, to say the least, were exceed- ingly ludicrous. He was possessed of the idea that he was very wealthy, that he owned a considerable portion of the property in town ; he was accustomed to ride around on horseback calling from house to house, for the purpose of giving the necessary oversight to his very extensive domain, or else of purchasing such farms as might be in his way not already bought. With him the process of conveyance and payment was simple, any piece of paper with writing on it served for either purpose ; a full supply of this scrip he generally carried with him in these journeyings, 202 HISTORY OF THE SO as not to run into debt. His peculiarities in this were well known to the citizens of the town ; his peculiar idiosyncrasies and notions of buying and selling were indulged generally for the purpose of satisfying him for the time being, that he might go on his way rejoicing. It so happened that on one of his migrations, he bought Capt. Crooker's tarm, and paid for the same with the customary scrip and passed on to Esquire Weeks', and of him bought a flock of geese in like manner. With a promptness which in other circumstances would be highly commendable, he hastened with his geese to the recently purchased farm, and put them into the garden then in full bloom and foliage. Crooker, learning that Weeks' geese were in his garden, repaired at once to the scene of the mischief and there found Atherton complacently viewing the geese as they eagerly regaled themselves on such vegetables as was most grateful to their taste. In a commanding way, with stafl^ in hand, Crooker approached Solomon in this way : " Sar, what do you mean, sar, by turning these geese into my garden, TOWN OF RICHMOND. 2O3 sar?" Solomon, apparently undisturbed by the vig- orous onset, replied, " Why, sir, have n't I the right to stock my farm with geese ? They will be good for Christmas ; besides, I need the feathers." " Feath- ers," replied Crooker, "feathers you shall have, sar, and tar, to boot, if you do n't drive these pesky geese from my premises instantly !" Without more ado the geese were got from the garden and Solomon started with them down the street, saying as he left, that "Old Crooker wasn't half a man, or he would let me do as I like with my own, but now I must turn 'em on my other place." And so off he went; but in the meantime Weeks had not been an indifferent specta- tor of the proceedings, and had enjoyed hugely the discomfiture of Crooker in seeing his " sass," gob- bled up. The rights of men are sometimes dim, Sometimes appear more clear; The rights of one may there begin, Where the others don't appear. WENT TO LAW. About 1844 commenced a legal contest, known as the Bowen and Jillson lawsuit, the parties to which were, in the first placfe, Orrin Rawson, administrator of the estate of Jonathan Rawson, plaintiff, against Wheaton C. Jillson, defendant, in an action charg- ing the defendant with forging the name of Jonathan Rawson to a certain receipt held by the defendant, Jillson. On trial of the issue in this case, the plain- tiff failed to make out his case, and consequently the defendant was discharged. - The next movement was an action brought by Jillson, against Uberto Bowen, son-in-law of the said Jonathan Rawson, who was 204 HISTORY OF THE charged by the plaintiff with uttering certain words of a defamatory character, which implied that the plaintiff Jillson forged the signature to the aforesaid receipt. On trial of this case the jury failed to agree. Eminent counsel was employed on both sides, Hon. Franklin Pierce conducted the case for Rawson and Bowen, and ex-Gov. Hubbard managed the case for Jillson. By advice of counsel on both sides, the case was dropped without a second trial. The cost on both sides was considerable, Mr. Bowen expended $1800, and what were the costs to the other parties may never be known. The sequence of the affair was unfortunate, as such suits often are, in disturbing the peace and harmony of neighborhoods when peo- ple become excited partisans, for and against each of the parties to the contest. A GREAT FRACAS. During the winter of 1844, a temperance lecturer by name of Hale, from Chesterfield, held a series of meetings at the Brick church, for the promotion of the cause of temperance. His tactics were decidedly aggressive, he denounced in unmeasured terms all supporters of the liquor interest. His denunciations were such as to give great offence to some that heard him, and by reason of what they regarded as highly insulting in his language and demeanor, resolved to pelt him with rotten eggs. A favorable opportunity presented itself in returning from the lecture one evening in company with the Rev. J. L. Sanborn ; when near the hay scales, a shower of eggs supposed to be stale, fell on the victim of their spite. The affray caused great discussion and bitterness by par- TOWN OF RICHMOND. 205 tisans on each side. The parties supposed to have been engaged in the assault were tried in the crim- inal court at Keene, and some were fined ; the costs and fines amounted to a considerable sum, which some of the sufferers (whether rightfully or wrong- fully, we may not know), were hardly able to pay. THE WAKEFIELD TAVERN MADE A TEMPERANCE HOUSE. The winter of 1848-9 will long be remembered for the advent of Col. H. W. W. Miller, a lecturer on temperance and anti-slavery, from Vermont. He was brother of the celebrated Col. Miller, who went to Greece about 1825, to aid the Greeks in their contest with the Turks for independence. His lec- tures, delivered at the Brick church, drew large num- bers, who either from motives of interest or curios- ity were induced to attend. Such was his power of expression, and such his ability to mingle fiction with facts, that his discourses possessed a pleasing charm for the multitude. He had great gifts in certain directions ; as a public speaker on miscellaneous subjects, he had few equals ; his vocabulary of vitu- peration was abundant, and his sarcasm unexcep- tionally cutting, yet with words of sweet persuasion he drew men to embrace his views and schemes, however visionary they might be. By his entreaties a number of the good citizens of the town were in- duced to buy the old Wakefield tavern, and convert the same into a temperance house, with Miller as proprietor. The time of the purchase was unfavor- able to the investors, as the Fitchburg and Cheshire railroads were then about being opened, and the lines 206 HISTORY OF THE of travel materially changed. Miller kept the house about two years, and during the time no complaint appears to have been made that ample provision was not made for his guests. The house evidently was conducted on temperance principles during his man- agement, and was a credit to the town. Miller figured largely in certain temperance conventions held about this time, one at Fitzwilliam had a repre- sentation from Richmond with Miller at the head of the delegation, which carried a banner on which was inscribed a three-legged stool, with one leg broken. The device was explained by Miller to the conven- tion, as the representation of the foundation of the rum cause in Cheshire county, and the legs that sup- ported the same were Keene, Fitzwilliam, and Rich- mond, the latter of which was the broken leg. SHOWS AND EXHIBITIONS. JBarnum's ' ' Greatest Show on Earth " Has never visited the town, it is true, but other show- men of some renown at the time, occasionally pitched their tents here. The first of these of which we have any account, however, was tentless, the exhibition having been held in widow Howe's barn, the old barn that stood east of the house towards Pickering's. This was a menagerie on a small scale, consisting of an elephant, a bear, some monkies, and perhaps some other animals. The next show of the kind was on a more exten- sive scale, about 1830, and drew a large crowd. The tent for the exhibition was west of the old corner store at the Four corners ; this was a respectable TOWN OF RICHMOND. 207 show as to variety and numbers, and the best prob- ably of any the town has witnessed. The Wonderful Potter Exhibited his powers as a ventriloquist and prestidigi- tator, at Power's tavern, about 1830. He was as- sisted in his performance by his son Richard ; some of his feats consisted of swallowing a sword, of eat- ing flax and drawing from his mouth the same made into ribbon, while the tow was blown out in a fiery stream, of boiling eggs in a hat, and many other wonderful feats. Blind Dextef- Occasionally put in an appearance with his museum of automaton figures. His little exhibition was pleas- ing, consisting of kings, queens, soldiers, and other notable persons, politely presenting themselves and retiring, always keeping time with the accompanying organ. 2o8 HISTORY OF THE CHAPTER VI. WAR OF THE REBELLION ; ECCLESIASTICAL ORGANIZATIONS, ETC. Public Sentiment Regarding the War — Action Taken by the Town — Soldiers in Various Regiments — List of Those that Died in the Service or were Killed in Bat- tle — Enrollment of Militia — War Rallies — Religious Organizations — The First Baptist Church — The Friends' Society — The Present Baptist Church — The Uni- tarian Society — The Universalist Society — The Methodist Church — Attempt to Form an Orthodox Church — A Retrospective View — The Population and Valua- tion — The Electoral Votes — Political Parties — Town Officers — Financial Con- dition of Town. In the late war of the Rebellion, as in the two preceding wars in which the town had taken an active part, the records bear ample evidence of pat- riotic devotion to the country's welfare. The sons of those that fought at Bunker Hill, and at Lundy's Lane, aroused by the impending danger to the na- tion, hastened to protect and defend that union which was cemented by the blood of the fathers. Dui-ing the fratricidal contest of fire and blood which began in 1861, the town responded to all calls of the gov- ernment for material support. The proportion of volunteers in the service to the men enrolled and lia- ble to military duty would bear favorable comparison with any town in the state. Nearly all that could leave home, buckled on their armor and repaired to the Union' camp, and while in the service, no blot rests upon the names of any for cowardice or deser- tion. The record of the town is untarnished, and it TOWN OF RICHMOND. 209 may well be said that patriotism has not ceased to be an active virtue with this people, as attested by the action taken by the town, and the heroism displajed by her soldiers in this the greatest of all wars, the war of the Rebellion. In recording the part taken by the town, it is need- less to enlarge on the general or personal sacrifices made, a simple statement of facts is sufficient to show the desperate and sanguinary nature of the conflict. The incidents of this are happily not' involved in the obscurity of former wars, as the living actors in the tragic scenes are still with us, and the records are more fwU and complete of the part they took. The people of the town shared in the general indignation and alarm which thrilled the North when the news of the bombardment of Fort Sumter first flashed over the wires ; true to the instinct of the fathers, they were quick to discern the danger that threatened the life of the nation. They instinctively rallied around and resolutely stood by the old flag in the time of the nation's greatest need ; but not in the spirit of rejoic- ing was the unwelcome news received, but rather of grief, mingled with high resolve and determination to rescue the country from impending disunion. Some, 14 2IO HISTORY OF THE undoubtedly, were inclined to question the means that had been used for pacification, and believed that a broad and comprehensive statesmanship should have saved the country from the horrors of a civil war, by yielding more to the demands of the slave power, but of these the number was not large. Ex- pressions or acts which could any way be construed as disloyal, were exceptional, whilst it must be ad- mitted that the bonds of support and attachment to the government were tested by a strain in this fratri- cidal war, unknown before. The first action taken by the town in. relation to the war, was May i8, 1861, on an article in the warrant, " to see what action the town will take in regard to aid to volunteers and their families who enlist." Voted to " pass over the article." ACTION TAKEN BY THE TOWN. March i2, 1862, the town Voted, that the selectmen be a com- mittee to pay out money to volunteer soldiers who maybe mustered into the service of the United States, or the State of New Hamp- shire, under Act of 1861, Chap. 2480. Voted, to borrow money not to exceed $1,000, for the aforesaid purpose. Aug. 23, 1862, Voted, to pay a bounty of $200 to three years' and nine months' men the same. Sept. 21, 1863, Voted, to pay state aid to the families of nine months' men, who have died in the service, the same as to all others. * Dec. 9, 1863, Voted, to pay volunteers to fill the town's quota, (which was eleven men,) $200 each; also the same for substitutes, and also advance the United States bounty and take assignments of the same. Voted, not to pay the United States bounty to volunteers. July 6, 1864, Voted, to pay $300 to volunteers, or drafted men, or their substitutes, to fill the next call of the President, not to exceed ten in number, before the call is made by the President. Voted, to pay $300 to veterans who re-enlist and are counted on our quota. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 211 Voted, not to pay Andrew S. Ballou the bounty of $300 for re- enlisting. July 23, 1864, Voted, that the sum of money for e^ch enrolled man to pay to be clear three years from this' or any other draft, shall be $40. Voted, that each and every enrolled man, to be clear from this or any other draft for the term of three years, must pay the above $40, on or before the first of August, 1864. Aug. 15, 1S64, Voted, to pay $100 for one year's volunteers, or their substitutes, $200 to two years' men, and $300 to three years' volunteers, or their substitutes. Voted, to pay $200 to each drafted man or his substitute. Aug. 24, 1864, Voted, to instruct the selectmen to advance the state bounty to any one that will volunteer or furnish a substitute. Aug. 29, 1864, Voted, to pay to volunteers of this town who have been residents herein three months previous, in addition to what has already been voted, $200 for each year, which will make $500 for one year's service, $600 for two years' service, $700 for three years' service for volunteers who may enlist, suiBcient to fill the last call of the President for 500,000 men. Jan. 2, 1865, Voted, to pay a bounty of $300 to those who have or may furnish a substitute, or $500 for volunteers for one year, $600 for two years', $700 for three years' men, to fill the present call of the President for 300,000 men. Voted, to pay $400 bounty to all drafted nien to flU the present call of the President for 300,000. Voted, to pay the state bounty to all that furnish a substitute, or to volunteers to fill the quota on the present call of the President for 300,000 men. SOLDIERS. Company. Regiment. Arlon S. Atherton, 2d Lieut I 3d Andrew S. Arnold I 16th Moses Allen, killed Sept. ig, 1864 F 14th Frederick R. Bowen A ad Edwin N. Bowen, ist Lieut I 3d Henry R. Bowen I i6th Alfred R. Bowen A 2d William Brown Charles Ball F 14th Abner S. Barden F 14th Otis A. Barrus, killed at Winchester, Va., Sept. 16, 1864 F 14th 212 HISTORY OF THE Company. ReRiment. Alden F. Ballou, died Sept. 2, 1863 I i6th E. Napoleon BufFum, died of disease, in Md., Oct. 8, 1862 F 6th James H. Buffum H ist Albert Bolles, 2d N. H. Cavalry George A. Barrus, died June 16, 1863 B i8th Henry E. Ballou, Mass B 27th Benjamin F. Barrus, died of wounds, July 15, 1862 . . !• 3d Henry R. Bolles, accidentally shot, April 23, 1862 . . I 3d Albert E. Barrus G iSth Ira Marshall Barrus, Mass I 2d John W. Barrus, Mass I 2d John Bolles, Mass. Regt., died in Libby prison . . . Artemas B. Colburn, died Sept. 19, 1864 ...... F 14th Roland M. Combs C 14th Reuben H. Combs C 14th Jarvis Cass, died at New Orleans, June 20, 1863 ... I i6th Anson L. Cass ... F 5th Henry O. Curtis, H. A H ist Harvey G. Cheney, Mass D 2d John Dingman I i6th Rufus Freeman I i6th John H. Hitchcock, 2d Lieut I 3d Lorenzo Harris, jr F 14th Caleb Harris, Mass., died Oct. 1864 H 36th Almon L. Jillson, died at Battle of Laurel Hill, Va. . G 14th Anson R. Jillson, Mass., died at Battle of Laurel Hill, Va A 2d Silas F. Jillson, Mass., died A 25th Nathan M. Jillson, Mass B 27th Herman L. Lincoln . F 6th Stephen W. Martin, Mass., died . . . .' I 25th George Martin ... F 14th John A. Morse I i6th Ansel Macomber F 6th John E. Norwood F 14th Benj. Newell, jr., died Oct. 14, 1864 F 14th Daniel H. Pelkey I 3d Dexter Palmer, died at Concord, N. H., Aug. 1863 . . I i6th Nahum Putney, died at Algiers, La., June 12, 1863 . . I i6th John A. Paine, mustered Oct. 23, 1862, mustered out, Aug. 20, 1863 I i6th Warren S. Pickering A i8th TOWN OF RICHMOND. 213 Company. Regiment. Volney Piper, Sergt. Major E 4th Denzil Rice, Sergt E 3d AmasaW. Perry, nth U. S. Infantry John Starkey, jr., 1st Sergt., died Aug. 29, 1862 . . . .F 6th WalterA. Scott, killed at Winchester,Va., Sept. 29, 1864 B' 14th Henry E. Tolman I jgth Jonas I. Thompson, Corp'l C 4th Samuel Thompson, 2d Lieut F 6th L. Warren Wright, Adjt 14th Stephen W. Williams . . I i6th William Whipple I igth Vibbert Whipple A 2d Alfred P. Whipple, Mass F 2d Julius M. Whipple A 2d S. Wright Wood E 6th DIED IN THE SERVICE. The following Richmond boys in the 14th New Hampshire regiment were killed or mortally wounded in the battle of Opequan, or Winchester, Va., Septem- ber 19, 1864, and memorial notices were published in the history of the 14th Regiment, from which the following are extracts : — Lieutenant A. B. Colburn. Artemas B. Colburn was boi-n in Fitzwilliam, August i, 1838. His parents were John Colburn and Lydia Beard, who were married in 1825, and he was the youngest of six children. The mother still survives, aged more than eighty. Artemas received a good common-school and business education. He was occupied on a farm and in a store, until he entered the army. In August, 1862, he enlisted from the town of Richmond, his father's residence, in Company F, and entered the service as a sergeant. August 21, he married Lydia Mann, of Richmond, they having been playmates from childhood. Their married life, though brief, was a happy one. lu May, 1864, while the regiment was in Louisi- ana, Sergeant Colburn was promoted to be second lieutenant of Company B, a well-deserved advancement. He was in many respects ar model soldier, and everywhere was perfectly reliable. 214 HISTORY OF THE He was mortally wounded during the first part of the battle, and survived until the next morning. His last words were, " Give mj love to my wife, and tell her I died in a good cause." He was buried on the field. Facts of interest connected with Lieutenant Col- burn's service appear in other portions of this volume. He died childless. His widow re-married in 1870, her present husband being C. C. Holton, of Hins- dale. The honorable service and heroic death of Artemas B. Colburn pronounce his most eloquent eulogy. Corf oral M. Allen. Moses Allen was born in Richmond in 1842, and was the son of Quaker parents. He received a good coinmon-school education, and was a farmer and mechanic. He enlisted in Company F in August, 1862, entering the service as a private. He was one of the first privates in the company promoted to be a non-commissioned officer. He was one of those soldiers who were valuable to the Government, because never absent from the post of duty, always filling his place with intelligence and fidelity. He lies buried in the National cemetery. W. A. Scott. Walter A. Scott was born in Richmond in 1842, and was the son of John Scott. He received a good common-school education, and was a mechanic, his home being with his parents until his enlist- ment in Company F in August, 1862. His brother-in-law. Captain David Buffum, entered the service at the same time, commanding a company in the i6th Regiment. Walter was one of the best pen- men in the 14th. He was instantly killed, dying while charging upon the enemy. He was unmarried. His body lies with those of his comrades in the National cemetery. O. A. Sarrus. Otis A. Barrus was born in Richmond in 1843. His parents were Alvan and Emily Barrus, who resided in Richmond. He resided with his parents until he entered the service, Aug. i, 1864, and was assigned to Company H. He was not married. Possessed of good ^.-Sjflthertorz. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 215 qualities, aind having received a good education, being a fine mathematician, he was a young man of promise. The circum- stances ,of his death were peculiarly sad. He was a recruit, and was with his regiment less than two days when he was killed. He stood well to his duty, and died as bravely as his veteran com- rades. He was buried in the National cemetery. Others tuho Died in the Service. Stephen W. Martin was born in Richmond, 1836. His parents were Danvers and Olive Martin. He married Jennie E. Ballon, daughter of Ozial Bal- lon. He enlisted in Company I of the 25th Mas- sachusetts regiment, and died at New Berne, N. C, May 19, 1862. The following extract from a poem of thirteen stanzas, of which this is the last, composed by his sister Emily in memory of the sad event, is worthy of perusal : — In summer time white roses bloom. Where we laid down pur cherished dead, The autumn winds sigh mournfully. And shake the brown leaves o'er his bed. 'T is nothing unto other eyes ; To me, no spot on earth 's so fair. If Heaven's gates I reach at last. My brother's grave shall guide me there. Arlon S. Atherton, son of Alvan Atherton, was 1st Lieutenant of Company 1, 3d New Hampshire regi- ment, and was engaged in the battle at Drury's Bluff, Va., May 16, 1864, in which he was shot through the lungs and left on the field and reported killed, but was taken prisoner of war, and soon after paroled and exchanged, and rejoined his regiment. He is now a successful merchant in Wakefield, Mass., and has represented his district in the Gen- eral Court. 2l6 HISTORY OF THE Alden F. Ballou, son of Henry Ballou, enlisted in Company I, i6th New Hampshire. He died of disease, in Chicago, 111., while on his way home, Sept. 2, 1863. He was married to Mary B. Fisher, of Fitzwilliam, August 5, 1862. He left no children. Esek Napoleon Buffum enlisted in Company F, 6th New Hampshire. He was the son of Esek Buf- fum, and not married. Was taken prisoner at the second battle of Bull Run, and paroled. He died of disease contracted in the service, October 8, 1862. George A. Barrus, son of Jeremiah Barrus, was a member of Company B, i8th New Hampshire regi- ment, and died in New York on account of wounds received at James Island, S. C, June 16, 1863. He was unmarried. Benjamin F. Barrus, son of Jeremiah Barrus, en- listed in Company I, 3d New Hampshire regiment. He was wounded at Secessionville, S. C, June 16, 1862, and died of the wounds then received, July 15, 1862. He left no family. Henry R. Bolles, son of Jesse BoUes, a member of Company I, 3d New Hampshire regiment, was killed by the accidental discharge of a musket in the hands of Private A. A. Lewis, April 23, 1862. He was not married. John Bolles, son of Jesse Bolles, was in a Massa- chusetts regiment. He was taken prisoner, and died in Libby prison. Jarvis Cass, son of Daniel Cass, enlisted in Com- pany I, i6th New Hampshire regiment, and died of disease, at New Orleans, June 20, 1863. He was living with his second wife at the time of his enlist- ment, and left three young children. Anson R. Jillson, son of Wheaton C. Jillson, was TOWN OF RICHMOND. 21'J in Company A, 2d New Hampshire regiment, en- gaged with his regiment in the first battle of Bull Run, and on July 28, 1861, was discharged for dis- ability. He re-enlisted, and was killed at the battle of Laurel Hill. Had no family. Silas F. Jillson, son of Wheaton C. Jillson, was living in Berlin, Mass., when the war commenced. He enlisted in Company A, 25th Massachusetts regi- ment. He served three years, and then re-enlisted in same. He died, at Charlotte, N. C, of disease contracted in the service, June, 1865, just as the regi- ment was leaving for home. Was not married. Benjamin Newell, jr., enlisted in Company F., 14th New Hampshire regiment, and was with the regiment in the Louisiana campaign. He was taken sick, and was in the hospital at Philadelphia, and from thence was removed to Richmond and died soon after his arrival, October 14, 1864. He left be- hind a wife and six children. Dexter Palmer, who lived with Barnabas Barrus, enlisted in Company I, i6th New Hampshire regi- ment. He returned with the regiment to Concord in August, 1863, and then died before reaching his home, of disease contracted in the service. He left a wife, who married Hiram Bryant. Nahum Putney, who lived on the William Hill farm, ienlisted in Company I, i6tli New Hampshire regiment, and died of disease at Algiers, La., June 12, 1863. He left a wife and seven children. John Starkey, jr., was sergeant of Company F, 6th New Hampshire regiment, and was killed at the second battle of Bull Run, August 29, 1862. He left a wife and two children. Caleb C. Harris, son of Lorenzo Harris, who was 2l8 HISTORY OF THE living in Orange, enlisted August 4, 1862, in Com- pany H, 36th Massachusetts regiment. He died in the service, October 31, 1864. Other Richmond men, living with their families in other places, are worthy of special mention for services rendered and sacrifices made. Among the more dis- tinguished of these are Captain David Bufium and Captain Amos Bufl^um, sons of Dan Bufium, both of whom lost their lives in the servicfe, a more par- ticular mention of which may be found in the gene- alogy of the Bufium familj'^. John Pickering, son of Timothy Pickering, Esq., who was living in Cascade, Iowa, in 1865, was drafted, and while on his way to join the army died of disease at Louisville, Ky. He had a wife, but no children. Edgar Parkhurst, son of John Parkhurst, jr., who was born in Richmond about 1840, enlisted in the service in Pennsylvania, and died of wounds or dis- ease contracted in the same. He is said to have been a young man of much promise, and was a law student at the time. Twenty-three, at least, of those that were counted on the quotas of the town, together with other natives of the town living elsewhere, were either killed in battle or died of disease contracted in the service. ENROLLMENT OF MILITIA, JULY, 1862. Francis S. Aldrich, William W. Starkey, Samuel Lesure, Otis Martin, Daniel P. Thompson, Hosea B. Aldrich, Nahum Cass, Anderson Aldrich, John H. Johnson, Charles W. Aldrich, Ahaz Cass, Lvman Starkey, TOWN OF RICHMOND. 219 Martin Cook, Paul J. Bullock, Daniel Twitchell, Ansel Martin, Leason Martin, jr., Robert Martin, 2d, Willard Martin, Nathaniel B. Fisher, Andrew J. Starkey, Alfred A. Tolman, John G. Dingman, Henry E. Tolman, Melvin Smith, William W. Ballou, Abner S. Barden, David H. Aldrich, George W. Stratton, Jarvis Ingalls, Henry R. Bowen, Alonzo C. Bowen, Wright Wood, Ebenezer S. Cook, Stephen W. Williams, Charles Norwood, Almando Ballou, Sumner P. Taylor, Lewis W. Randall, Stephen S. Perry, Daniel C. Perry, A'sa H. Bullock, French Hunt, Asahel Bennett, George H. Taylor, ^ Frank M. Taylor, Lorin L. Taylor, Benjamin Newell, jr., Rufus Freeman, William Garnsey, Walter A. Scott, Albert W. BoUes, Israel C. Hale, ji-.,. Henry R. Martin, George G. Martin, James M. Bennett, Reuben H. Coombs, Parley Amadon, Orlan Whipple, Hiram P. Sprague, Vibbert Whipple, Alvan H. Atherton, Andrew S. Arnold, Lucius Carroll, John A. Bryant, Lewis G. Rich, Asahel Kelton, jr., Lucius L. Fisher, Dexter Palmer, William Nash, Alvan Kimpton, Enoch D. Sprague, Zerah C. Goddard, Luther W. Wright, John Parker, Curtis Parker, Simeon Kimpton, Asahel I. Goddard, Ozro T. Cass, Oscar F. Blanding, Geoi-ge T. Curtis, Henry O. Curtis, Jonas B. Wheeler, Frank G. Amadon, Andrew Amadon, Nathaniel Naromore, jr. , George B. Naromore, Robert Aldrich, George W. Randall, Anthony S. Whitcomb, James Harkness, John F. Whitcomb, Dennis Harkness, John M. Ballou, Silas B. Boyce, Samuel P. French, Julius M. Whipple, Stephen M. Whipple, Ethan M. Allen, Warren A. Pickering, 220 HISTORY OF THE Amos Garnsey, jr., Joseph Whipple, Willard J. Ballou, Lysander Ballou, William Whipple, 2d, Asa W. Allen, Asahel G. Sprague, Jerahmeel Allen, Ambrose W. Swan, Silas Whipple, James H. Buffum, Charles Howe, Amos Martin, George B. Handy, Charles L. Johnson, Charles Newton, Ozial Ballou, James M. Ballou, Marcus D. Crooks, Franklin O. Bowen, Emery Cass, Samuel Bolles, Elisha W. Harkness, Nathaniel Hills. Addison Paine, Total, one hundred and twenty-five, not including some in the service. WAR RALLIES. Meetings for the purpose of promoting enlistments were held at various times when new calls were made for men to fill the depleted ranks of the armies of the Republic. The enrolled men of the town liable to military duty were the persons most inter- ested in these rallies, as in case of deficiency of vol- unteers, the draft was sure to come to some who had no especial taste for the music. Prior to the organi- zation of the 14th New Hampshire regiment, an enthusiastic war rally was held in the Quaker grove, at the Four corners, . in which Captain Ripley and several others of Winchester took an active and lead- ing part. Quite a number were induced to enlist at this time. And, again, at the old town-house, another meeting was held to drum up recruits. At this meeting the principal speaker appears to have been Benjamin Newell, jr., whose patriotic appeals were supplemented by his acts, as he immediately enlisted in that service which he recommended to TOWN OF RICHMOND. 221 others, thereby demonstrating to the world his honesty of purpose. Of no less interest was a meeting held at the Brick church for the purpose of obtaining volunteers for the i6th New Hampshire, in which Captain David BufFum took a leading part. He, too, invited the boys to engage in the country's defence from the highest considerations of duty and patriotism, the perils and honors of which service he was willing to share with them. His appeal was probably more eifective in saying "Come, boys!" than in the injunction more frequently made at war- meetings of "Go, boys, your country calls j'ou ! " Other meetings of lesser note were held at times to devise ways and means to answer the repeated calls for more men. As a matter of necessity in nearly all towns, recourse was had in the last years of the war to the purchase of substitutes and recruits. In this the town followed the example set by the fathers, both in the war of the Revolution and in the war of 1812. RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS. The ecclesiastical history of the town presents some phases of special interest to the student engaged " in examining the early religious organizations of New 222 HISTORY OF THE England. In no other town, perhaps, outside of Rhode Island, was the Puritanic element less distin- guishable than in the town of Richmond ; the first settlers coming from a state filled with refugees from Massachusetts, brought with them the religious tenets held by the people from whence they came ; these were largely of the Baptist and Quaker denomina- tions, which at the time were possessed of sufficient zeal and vitality to commence at once the work of organizing meetings for public worship, which even- tually grew into churches possessing considerable activity and strength. For seventy years after the town was organized, these continued to occupy the field exclusively, except that about 1776 the Baptist church was divided by the seceding of a portion of the members who formed a second Baptist church, which continued separate about fourteen years. About 1835 ^ '^^w Baptist church was formed, as the old church at this time was nearly if not quite extinct. In 1837 the Universalists and Unitarians organized societies, and about the same time the Methodist soci- ety was first formed. The following pages will be devoted to a more particular consideration, respec- tively, of all the churches and societies above named, presenting such facts pertaining to each as have been gleaned from diverse 'sources and meager records, found oftentimes in' distant places. FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH. The First Baptist church was formed 1768, and was among the first Baptist churches organized in New Hampshire. There was one at Newtown and per- haps one or two more in the eastern part of the state. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 223 Elder Maturin Ballou had moved into town in 1768, and had labored in the field two years before he was ordained, which took place September 27, 1770. The names of the members cannot, with the means at hand, be definitely ascertained, as the records of this church are now nowhere to be found. The church w^s connected with the Warren Association of Rhode Island, a denomination known as " the Six- principle Baptists " whose theological views were deduced largely from the sixth chapter of Hebrews, first and second verses. They insisted on simplicity in modes of worship, and like the Friends, they re- lied on the operation of the Divine Spirit for direc- tion in their public ministrations, and religious services. Their ministers were not expected to be professionally educated ; ability to edify their hear- ers was considered essential, whether obtained by practice in exhortation or otherwise, and the only compensation for their services was the free and vol- untary offerings of the people. No instrumental music was tolerated in their worship, and at first in some churches singing was hardly allowable. Such appears to have been some of the religious views and observances of the Baptists connected with the War- ren Association. The more noticeable difference however, between these and other Baptists, was the laying on of hands, but this was not considered essen- tial or obligatory. Meetings at first were held at Elder Ballou's, but sometimes at Deacon Simeon Thayer's, and at Elder Artemas Adrich's, until the building of the meeting-house, 1780.* The church became divided in 1776 by reason of a controversy * See page 185 for additional details and description of building. 224 HISTORY OF THE about ministerial taxes and the glebe lands, so called, one share of which, by the charter of the township, belonged to the first settled minister, and as Elder Maturin was the first, the case appears quite clear that he should have had without question the one share expressly so named in the grant ; but such was ^ GROUND PLAN OF FIRST BAPTIST MEETING-HOUSE. the opposition of those belonging to other denomina- tions, in which some of his own church may have joined, that for the sake of peace and harmony, the good old Elder was induced substantially to quitclaim to the town, by naming in the deed as grantees 126 tax payers of the town, a part of the land that had been assigned to him under the charter ; this lot was in the twelfth range, bordering on Winchester. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 225 The grievance complained of by people in other towns who were compelled to pay " minister's rates "' for preaching, whether they believed it or not, did not apply to Richmond. The Baptists, as did the Friends, relied wholly on voluntary contributions for their sup- port. But members of this old church living in other towns were oppressed in this regard, as the following extract from a letter from this church to the Warren Association in 177 1 more fully shows : We request some special advice on several occasions : for we are young in such cases, for we meet with great opposition in our province, and the main point of their objection is, they say our settlement is not according to law, so that they threaten to pay no regard to our certificates given to our brethren living in other towns. Another particular is, it is so ordered in our charter by the King's grant that one whole share of land shall be given to the Church of England, one whole share to the Incorporated Society to Propagate the Gospel in Foreign Parts, and one whole share to the first settled minister of the gospel in said town. Our Elder being the first, we think it belongs to him, but being opposed by the inhabitants of the town of other denominations, we ask your advice what we had best do. Furthermore, there are a number of brethren in the town of Rindge, in our province, who are embodied in church state, with government and articles of faith agreeable to ours, and are under our care to assist them in administering the ordinances of the Gospel. These brethren have suiFered much by the inhabitants of their town, who have taken away their cattle and sold them at the post for their minister's rates, and they are threatened still to be used in like manner ; they require us to make request for them, what they had better do." In response to this appeal, the President of Brown University was requested to write to Rev. Hezekiah Smith, of Haverhill, "That if possible he might make interest with the governor or some of the great men to redress their grievances." Notwithstanding this want of sympathy from the town, the church 226 HISTORY OF THE increased from twenty-nine to seventy-nine members in three years. In order to convey more clearly to the general reader the exceptional state of affairs in church and town at this time, it is necessary to revert back to the policy of the Puritans in the first settlement of New England, which was to build up a religious commonwealth by the union of church and state ; hence all matters pertaining to the church were sub- jects of legislation and town action. The meeting- house was usually built by the town. Provision for the minister was made at the public expense by an annual appropriation. Every town was expected to have an orthodox church in unison with all the other churches thus founded. These were called the " standing order." Every person liable to taxation had at first to pay for the support of these. After- wards, the law was so modified that every one must pay to some church or society, leaving it optional as to the one he should pay ; but here in Richmond there was no standing order. The town, as such, appears never to have invested a single cent in church mat- ters any way. They paid for preaching or not as they pleased, for there was no church or society in town demanding payment for the support of public worship. Nearly all were Baptists, or Quakers, or Agnostics, who did not believe in compulsory attend- ance on churches, or forced payment for their sup- port. Later on, as is well known, all laws were repealed requiring compulsory payment of minis- terial taxes. Having digressed somewhat from the topic under consideration, we will again revert to matters con- nected with the old Baptist church. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 227 The members whoseceded by reason of this con- troversy about taxes and the minister's land, formed a second Baptist church, with Elder Artemas Aldrich as its pastor. The meetings of this branch were prob- ably held a part of the time at Mr. Aldrich's house, which probably was the one now standing on the Joseph Newell farm. About 1780, there was a re- vival, which perhaps added to the numbers of both churches, about forty members. And again, in 1790, occurred what was called the "Great Reforma- tion," inaugurated and carried on by the evangelists, Blaisdell and Marshall, by which nearly one hundred were thought to be hopefully converted, and among the number was Hosea Ballou, aftei'wards the cele- brated Universalist minister of Boston. At this time, the two churches laid aside their bickering, and united as one under the pastoral charge of Rev. Isaac Kenney, Elder Ballou having resigned his pas- torage in 1779, and Elder Aldrich his, when Elder Kenney was ordained the next year, 1791. The church now was in its most flourishing condition by reason of the large accession recently made to its ranks, but from this forward the church continued steadily to diminish, both in numbers and in in- fluence. Elder Kenney remained until about 1801, when he removed to Royalston, and died soon after. After this. Elder Levi Hodge of Warwick, and Elder Nathaniel BoUes, and some others, from time to time, supplied the pulpit until about 1830, when scarcely a vestige of the old church remained. The following list embrace all that are known to have belonged to the first Baptist church, besides the ministers and their families, viz. : Deacon Ephraim Hix, Deacon Amos Garnsey, Deacon Simeon Thayer, Deacon 228 HISTORY OF THE t Martin Ellis, Anthony Harris, Ebenezer Cole, James Kingsley, Daniel and Samuel Carpenter, Oliver Garnsey, Moulton Bullock, Nathaniel Cole, Jonathan and Nathaniel BoUes, Thomas Kelton, and Elnathan Jacobs. The two latter were probably from Warwick and Royalston. From an inspection of the Warren Baptist Associ- ation, the following items of interest have been gathered : The Richmond Baptist church was re- ceived into the association in 1771, and was repre- sented yearly by Rev. Maturin Ballou from 1771 to 1778, inclusive, with the exception of one year, 1772- The number of members in 1778 was seventy-nine. In 1780 it was represented by Rev. Maturin and Moulton Bullock, and reported eighty-three mem- bers. In 1782 Rev. Maturin, N. Cole and T. Kelton were representatives. In 1783 the church was not represented, but reported one hundred and twenty- two members. In 1785, represented by Oliver Garnsey, reported thirty-nine members, and the same number reported in 1789. In 1791, reported forty- five members added and two excluded ; total, one hundred and four. In 1792, Elder Isaac Kenney, Martin Ellis, and Elnathan Jacobs, represented the church, and reported sixty-one members added ; total, one hundred and sixty-one. In 1793, reported Isaac Kenney as minister, with three members added, nineteen dismissed, three excluded, two died; total, one hundreti and forty. In 1794, Isaac Kenney, Moulton Bullock, and Nathaniel BoUes were repre- sentatives, and reported one hundred and forty-three members. After this time no mention is made of this church on the records of the association. The second Baptist church, was not connected with any Middle of the Town (From Buffum Hill). Four Corners (Looking North). TOWN OF RICHMOND. 229 association; had forty-five members in 1780, Artemas Aldrich minister. The church, after the removal of Elder Kenney in 1801, was for some years under the pastoral charge of Elder Levi Hodge, whose super- vision extended over the churches of Royalston, Athol, Orange, and Northfield also. Elder Hodge died in 1819, after which term Elder BoUes probably had charge so long as meetings were held. The church became connected, under Elder Hodge, with the Leyden Association of Massachusetts. THE SOCIETY OF FRIENDS. With the advent of the first settlers of the town many of those who came from Rhode Island were members of the Society of Friends, more commonly called Quakers. These soon commenced holding meetings for worship on the first day of the week at private houses of individuals centrally located, more often, perhaps, at Daniel Cass' or Jedediah Buffum's, whose accommodations for such gatherings appear to have been more ample and convenient than those possessed by others. Permission was granted for these May 27, 1766, by the Uxbridge quarterly meeting. These were continued until about 1790, when a meeting-house was built at the Four corners, on land given by Jedediah Buffum, who donated to the society about four acres of land for a site for the meeting-house, land for a burying place, together with wood and other land for the society's use. The house was so located as to leave a small common in front, which was bounded on the west by a small barn, or wood-shed, and a row of horse-sheds. 230 HISTORY OF THE These afforded ample accommodations and con- veniences for the society, and for a time were instru- mental in extending its influence by presenting a more durable basis for its permanence and utility. Members of the society, prior to the building of the meeting-house, belonged to the Uxbridge "Monthly Meeting," but now having a meeting- house, and a goodly number of attendants, they ap- plied for and obtained the privilege of establishing a monthly meeting here in 1791. Henceforward, for some years the society was in its most prosperous condition, until one after another of the main sup- ports of the meeting were taken away by death or removal to other parts. The vacancies made were seldom filled. The result of the plan to fill their depleted ranks with birthright members, who were supposed to be brought up in the nurture and admo- nition of the Lord, proved in practice a failure, even though strenuous exertions were made to keep the youth uncontaminated by the world by mixing in tumultuous assemblies or in the common schools, substituting for the latter separate schools for their guidance and instruction,* under the supervision of the society. In spite of all that was done to build up the society and make it a power for good in the com- munity, it appears to have steadily decreased, both in numbers and in influence after about 1810, continuing thereafter with lessening vitality until 1857, when from the want of a sufficient number longer to hold meet- ings, the Richmond monthly meeting of the society of Friends became extinct. No single thing operated so largely, probably, to the downfall of the society as the controversy that arose about gravestones. The society refused to have them erected in theii- TOWN OF RICHMOND. 23 1 yard, considering it as a useless extravagance, and doing no real good to the living or the dead. Mr. Mowry Sabin, of Winchester, believing no doubt that it was his duty to mark the last resting place of his father and mother, did so by erecting marble slabs, . inexpensive and plain. The society caused these to be removed, but the way it was done gave much offence, as they were removed in the night and covered up by leaves in the Qiaaker woods. This led to a lawsuit, which created much bitterness of feeling throughout the town, although the decision of the court was in favor of the society. The society ever after was less popular with the people generally. This occurred about 1824. The record of the endurance of the society, however, was honorable ; with less than a dozen members who regularly attended, during the last years, the meetings were still kept up twice a week, and for years when no other meetings for pub- lic worship were held in the town, this devoted band persevered with unflagging zeal to the last, amid surroundings which a less positive faith must have succumbed to long before. It practically outlived the first Baptist church more than a quarter of a century, and afforded means by which it was possible for those intending to enter the conjugal state to be legally published within a reasonable time. It is but a just tribute to the memory of individual members of this society to say that, as examples of honesty, in- tegrity, and purity of life they would bear favorable comparison with the adherents of those belonging to other denominations. Branches or offshoots of the society sprung up in various towns. In Pelham, Mass., there was a pre- parative meeting. Meetings were held at Orange, 232 HISTORY OF THE and occasionallj' at Jonas Twitchell's, in west Swan- sey, but these continued but a brief period after the monthly meeting was established. The unfavorable conditions surrounding the germs thus planted proved more potent than the zeal of the projectors, or the aggressiveness of the doctrines, and hence these had to yield to the more popular forms of religious worship. The society was not specially blest with members gifted in the ministry. The most noted of any was Israel Saben, whose ministrations, covering a period of more than thirty years, were highly acceptable to the society, and were favorably received by all who had the privilege of listening to his pathetic appeals. Mary Southwick, wife of Enoch Southwick, who was here from 1801 to 1814, was an acknowledged minister, and her public addresses were considered inspirational in the higher sense of the term. None others are known to have been what were called " recommended ministers," although others exercised their gifts of preaching and exhorting, often, no doubt, to the edification and spiritual growth of their hearers. Some of the more prominent names of those belonging to the society previous to 1800, were Azariah Cumstock, sr., Daniel Cass, Jedediah Buf- fum, Nathan Harkness, James Raymer, Jonathan Gaskill, Moses Allen, sr., and Moses Allen, jr., Paul Jillson, Jonathan Sweet, sr., Paul Handy, Paul Boyce, Israel Saben, Silas Taft, Nathaniel Taft, Abraham Randall and his sons Reuben and Levi, Joseph Razee, John Martin, Joseph and John Wing, Abner and Jonas Twitchell, Gideon Man, John Bennett, William Bassett, Jazaniah Barrett, James Brown, and Enoch Southwick. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 233 THE PRESENT BAPTIST CHURCH. The present Baptist church, which is called the " First Baptist Church of Richmond," but which was really the third of the name organized in town, — the first and second having united about 1790, and finally become, extinct, — dates its organic existence from the 24th of March, 1835. The organization was effected in the hall of the tavern then kept by Seth A. Curtis, at the Four corners. The initiatory steps to the proceedings were taken through the advice and co-operation of the Royalston Baptist church. Elder Kenney, pastor. Elder Edward Hale was installed as pastor, and Joseph Emerson as dea- con. The following are the names of those who signed as members of the church ; Edward Hale and wife, Elijah Lyon and wife, J. Emerson and wife, Mrs. T. Ballou, wife of Esquire Ballou, Captain E. Sprague and wife, Mrs. P. Parker, wife of Jacob Parker, Mrs. Rachel Cook, wife of Simeon Cook, Mrs. Joanna Weeks, wife of William Weeks. This list was soon increased by the addition of other names which materially strengthened the church in its work. About 1840, the celebrated evangelist, the Rev. John Peacock, began to labor here, and the result was that a large number were added at this time. The first Baptist society, an organization auxiliary to the church, was formed and a constitution adopted, Nov. 25, 1836. This soci- ety made an agreement with the Unitarian society for the purchase of the use of the pulpit one half the time, Aug. 23, 1838, which agreement was signed by Moses Tyler, John Parkhurst, and Nathaniel Naro- more, on the part of the Unitarians, and by Jacob Whitcomb, Enoch Sprague, and Lewis Freeman, 234 HISTORY OF THE on the part of the Baptists. The consideration named was $800, and the deed conveying the same, containing certain conditions and restrictions, was passed March 2, 1840. This church has had the following pastors, viz. : Edward Hale, from 1835 to May 10, 1837 ; Obed Sperry, of Troy, preached 1839 ; Tristram Aldrich, from 1841 to 1843 ; John L.Sanborn, 1844-1847 ; John Hunt, 1844-1853 ; Gideon Stone, 1855-1856 ; JasW. Searle, 1858-1859 ; Horace Eaton, 1875 ; J- L. Whittemore, 1876-1879 ; Geo. F. Shove, 1882-1883 ; E. P. Merrifield, 1883-1884. Three of these were ordained here, viz. : J. L. Sanborn, 1844, John Hunt, 1849, J- W. Searle, 1858. The church" has experienced varied success ; during the first half of its existence it seemed to increase in strength and vi- tality, but in the latter part, owing to removals from town, and removals by death, the numbers have been materially lessened, and hence there is at present less financial ability to carry on the work ; but the few that are left seem to be possessed of a commendable degree of perseverance in a struggle for existence amidst surroundings somewhat disheartening to any but those possessed of the most positive faith. The church has had the following deacons, viz. : Joseph Emerson, Elijah Lyon, Jacob Whitcomb, jr., and Lewis Freeman. The church in 1848, took strong ground against slavery, and passed certain resolu- tions, drafted by Rev. J. L. Sanborn, condemning the system as sinful and iniquitous, and disapproving fellowship with slaveholders or their apologists. UNITARIAN SOCIETY. The Unitarian society was formed in 1837, a few months before the building of the Brick church, and Brick Church (Four Corners). Universalist Church, (Middle of Town). See page 236. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 23s was a preliminary movement in furtherance of that design. The more prominent members in the forma- tion of this society were John Parkhurst, Timothy Pickering, Moses Tyler, Jonathan Rawson, Henry Rice, jr.. Job Bisbee, John Scott, Nathanjel Naro- more, Amos Bennett, Ezra Allen, Stephen BufFum, Ballou Swan, Alvan Barrus, Luther Cass, Joseph Weeks. The following names appear on books of the treas- urer of the society, with sums subscribed by each, toward building the meeting-house : — John Scott (mostly in Candace Howe, . . . $2S 00 brick), . . . . • $393 91 Alvan Barrus, . . . 25 00 Timothy Pickering, 150 00 Luther Cass, .... 25 00 Moses Tyler, . . 100 00 Nathaniel Naromore, . 100 00 John Parkhurst, . • 17s, 00 Winslow Taylor, . . 25 00 Amos Bennett, . 50 00 Seth A. Curtis, . . 5° 00 Samuel D. Allen, . 125 00 Orrin Grant, .... SO 00 Henry Rice, jr., . . 125 00 Ahaz Bassett . 25 00 Ezra Allen, . . . • 125 00 Asahel Kelton, . . . SO 00 Stephen Buffum, 125 00 Joseph Weeks, . . . SO 00 William Weeks, . 25 00 Nelson Rawson, . . 2S 00 Jacob Sweet, . . 25 00 George Taylor, . . . 2S 00 Ballou Swan, . . . . . 25 00 David Buffum, . . . SO 00 Charles Roper, . 25 00 Sampson Wheeler, . 2S 00 Daniel Cass, . . 25 00 James Ballou, . . . 25 00 Dan. Buffum, . . 25 CO Lilburn Allen, . . . 2S 00 Daniel Man, . . 25 00 Amos Garnsey, . . 25 00 Jonathan Cass, . 25 00 Lewis Freeman, . • ■ 2S 00 Benoni Ballou, . 25 00 William Randall, . . 12 ^O The meeting-house was built on contract, by Tim- othy Pickering, Esq., for $2,472.50. The bell cost in Boston $366.65. The first bell was broken, and exchanged for an- other. The total cost, with stoves, etc., was $2,957.00. The society had preaching by Unitarian clergymen 236 HISTORY OF THE resident in other towns, in 1838, -'39, -'40 a considera- ble portion of the time. The Baptists bought in 1840 the right to use the pulpit one half of the time, and the right to use it the other half, if not used by the Unitarians, for $800.00. Since the conveyance of this right, the Unitarians have seldom held any meet- ings therein. UNI VERBALIST SOCIETY. The Universalist society was formed in April, 1837, a recent date when compared with the time when Universalism was first preached here by Elder Caleb Rich, more than fifty years before, who appears to have gained a large number of adherents to the " new doctrines," so called, which he here proclaimed. That so long a period should have elapsed before any effort was made for a house of worship seems diffi- cult to explain when all the facts in the case are not taken into the account. Many of the believers were widely scattered, living remote from a common centre, with no means to spare from the provision necessary for the support of their families, and hence postponed to a more favorable time the work of pub- lic religious instruction. These considerations, to- gether with the constant emigration that has been going on, appear a sufficient explanation of the facts alleged. Any attempt to give a true insight into the rise of Universalism here would necessarily be in- complete and unsatisfactory, which should leave out a brief sketch, at least, of the life and labors of Elder Rich. He was born in Sutton, Mass., August, 1750, of Orthodox parents, and at an early age joined the Baptists and soon became a ready exhorter and expounder of the Scriptures and a leader in their TOWN OF RICHMOND. 237 meetings. At the age of twenty-one he removed to Warwick, on a place close by the borders of Win- chester and Richmond, where he lived more than thirty years, and labored as a public teacher in the vicinity during the time. His name is once men- tioned in the history of Warwick, published a few years since, as a Universalist minister, but nothing of his life or labors appear therein. Soon after his set- tlement there, he, with others, formed a Baptist church in the vicinity, in which he became a prom- inent leader. His position induced him to search more diligently the Scriptures. In these inquiries he professed to have found new light, and consequently to entertain doubts on some points of the prevailing belief in relation to the atonement and endless pun- ishment, which, when brought to the notice of the church, he was dealt with for holding and promul- gating unsound views. Unwilling to retract or con- form to the belief of his brethren, he was finally dismissed from the church as a heretic, and enjoined " not to talk, exhort, or pray with believers." The injunction, however, was unavailing in repressing his freedom of speech. He became more bold and outspoken in his sentiments, preaching often in Rich- mond, which appears to have been his favorite field of labor, and about 1781 he was here ordained over what was called a "general society," composed of members from this and adjoining towns. The Rev. Adams Streeter, from Rhode Island, was the offici- ating minister, and three hundred persons are said to have been assembled on the occasion, but where in town this ordination was held is at present unknown. Among those who embraced his views were the Rev. David and Hosea Ballou, the latter of whom became 238 HISTORY OF THE the great preacher and expositor of the denomina- tion, and whose first discourse was delivered at an evening meeting at Deacon Simeon Thayer's, who also had become a Universalist, being encouraged in the effort by the counsel and presence of Elder Rich. Rich, after laboring and preaching in this vicinity in school-houses, dwellings, and barns, or wherever he could get a chance, until about 1800, removed to New Haven, Vt., where he continued to promulgate his " new doctrine " until his death, which occurred Oct. 18, 1821, aged seventy-one years. After Rich's departure, occasional meetings were held in school- houses, and sometimes in the old Baptist church, by various preachers who might visit the town. In 1832 David R. Lampson, who was called a " restora- tioner," preached in the old church one year, but other- wise no stated and regular preaching was instituted prior to the building of the meeting-house, which was built in 1837 and dedicated November 22d of that year. The Rev. Hosea Ballou preached the dedica- tion sermon. A very large gathering from this and the adjoining towns was present on the occasion. The society has had the following ministers : Rev. Stillman Clark, Edwin Davis, Joshua Britton, Robert Bartlett. From the records of the society it appears that the first meeting of the society was called at the house of Jonathan Rawson, Esq., April i, 1837, and was organized by choice of Rufus Bo wen, moderator, and Kendall Fisher, clerk. Voted, at the same meeting, " to issue a subscription paper for the pur- pose of obtaining subscriptions to build a church." The result was that the subscriptions were obtained, and the church was built at a cost of $2,485.36. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 239 The building committee consisted of Silas Jillson, Rufus Bowen, and John Starkey. The design of the house was made by Orrin Starkey, who was also chief mechanic in building it. The following names appear on the books as members of the society : Leason, Israel, and Robert Martin, Silas and Paul Jillson, Henry, John, and Orrin Starkey, Joseph and Benjamin Newell, Luther and Nicholas Cook, Moses P. and Augustus Cass, Stephen Randall, Jonathan Rawson, Kendall Fisher, and Rufus Bowen. The Cheshire conference of Universalist churches was held in Richmond, Aug. 28, 1882, continuing three days, in a grove one half mile west of the Universalist church. These were intended to be memorial exercises in honor of Hosea Ballou, near the place where he was born. Rev. Edwin Davis preached a discourse reviewing the Richmond church, and Rev. A. A. Minir, of Boston, delivered a dis- course on the life and character of Hosea Ballou. The meeting was numerously attended by people from this and adjoining towns. METHODIST CHURCH. The first Methodist Episcopal church or society of Richmond appears to have been formed about 1840, but in the absence of records, the time cannot be definitely determined when the organization was completed. It was partly under the charge or super- vision of the Winchester Methodist church, and had in 1842 attained such coherence and strength as to warrant the conference in sending here a resident minister to have charge of the society. The first that 240 HISTORY OF THE came was Rev. Alexander H. FuUerton, who re- mained during the years 1842-43, and he was suc- ceeded by Rev. Charles H. Eastman, who occupied the field in 1844-45. Kimball Hadley was here in 1846, and Orrick Walkins in 1849. Rev. Ashley C. Button was probably engaged in the home missionary service here in 1867 and 1868, and was succeeded by Rev. Noble Fisk in 1869-70. This society continued for some years to increase in numbers and in influence, and could at one time reasonably count on quite a solid gathering of ad- herents ; but, as has been the case with other societies and churches, the vacancies caused by various causes were rarely filled by new accessions. The organization appears to have been dissolved previous to 1870. The members of this society, so far as is now known, were Silas Jillson and wife, Wheaton C. Jillson and wife, John Colburn and wife, Jacob Boyce and wife, Ezra Martin, jr., Daniel Perry, Samuel A. Whitney, James Boyce, Hannah Cass, Emery Cass, and some others. The second Methodist Episcopal church was formed, as appears from the records of the oi'gani- zation, on the eighteenth day of June, 1870. The meeting for the purpose was held agreeably to a call made by the Rev. Charles E. Rogers, who was resi- dent minister at the time. The names of the follow- ing persons are recorded as being present : — The pastor, Rev. Charles E. Rogers; Charles W. Conway, Orison Jillson, E. J. Donnell, George W. Newell, Volney Piper. Chose for Secretary. — Volney Piper. Chose for Board of Ste-wards. — Charles W. Conway, Volney Piper, Orison Jillson, E. J. Donnell, George W. Newell. Chose for Recording Steivard. — Volney Piper. Chose Class Leader. — Volney Piper. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 24I Chose Sunday School Committee. — Charles W. Conway, Julia M. Piper. Chose Committee on Missions. — George W. Newell, Orison Jill- son, Mrs. Amos Martin, Mrs. Maria Wheeler, Miss Annie Cook. Meetings of the church appear to have been held quite regularly (called the Quarterly Conference) until about 1877. Since that tinje no minutes of their doings appear on the records. Rev. Charles E. Rogers was succeeded in the pastoral charge by Rev. D. Mclndoe in 1872, and he in turn, in 1873, by O. T. Lovejoy. In 1874, Rev. E. B. F. Dearborn was the preacher in charge, and, lastly, Rev. Arad Taggart, who lived in Winchester, was the minister in 1877. The last quarterly con- ference appears to have been held Feb. 6, 1877, and the last of their doings as recorded was : — Bro. Geo. W. Newell, having been duly recommended by the society, subject to examination of discipline, was voted a Local Preacher's License. The following persons, in addition to those before named, appear on the records as connected with the society : — ^ John H. Sparhawk, Stephen W. Williams, Ansel Martin, D. B. Aldrich, Lewis R. Cass, Eben S. Cook, George* Taylor, Daniel O. Perry, Maroa Williams, Eli W. Reynolds, Sarah J. Graves. ATTEMPT TO FORM AN ORTHODOX CHURCH. There appears to have been some effort made at one time, say about 1830, for the formation of an Orthodox Congregational church, but the project fell through for want of due encouragement, as but few were inclined that way. 16 242 ■ HISTORY OF THE RETROSPECTIVE VIEW. The people of Richmond, through all its history, have exhibited a freedom from the restraints imposed by ecclesiasticism and class distinctions worthy of special note when compared with most New England fcommunities ; and the reason for this exceptional condition of things may be clearly outlined by revert- ing to the antecedents and surroundings which had a direct influence in moulding and fashioning these characteristics of their social and religious life. The town was largely settled by people from Rhode Island, a state whose first white inhabitants were composed to a considerable extent of dissenters from and disbelievers in the established churches of the neighboring states, and upon whom a species of ostracism and persecution had been brought to bear that had rendered a migration to a place of greater toleration highly desirable. Chieftest among these were the Baptists and Quakers, who were in unison on one point at least, and that was that every human being had the right of private judgment in all mat- ters of religious concern, and were not accountable to anybody for the opinions which they might form in that regard ; and that no body of men, or ecclesiasti- cal authority had a right to make and enforce rules and regulations for others to observe in matters of religious belief and worship without their assent to the same. These broad principles of toleration and individual rights, inculcated by the founders of the state, became the inheritance of the Rhode Islander, and hence, in his migrations to new fields of labor or settlement, these were his houshold gods, by which he was largely governed in his political and religious movements. Such then were the principles of the TOWN OF RICHMOND. 243 men who became the first settlers of the town, and such largely have been the convictions of their suc- cessors. Whether the outgrowth of this individualism has resulted in a higher development, or been produc- tive of greater enjoyment, may be a question for the theologian or metaphysician to solve. That church organizations have been feeble and inefficient is ap- parent. The early churches, both Baptist and Quaker, ceased to grow after the first generation, and neither survived the first century of their ex- istence. Other church organizations, however, have sprung up, taking the place of the older, but these at present manifest signs of great weakness and deca}', owing no doubt in part to the death of the aged and the removal of the young, together with the sparse- ness of the population in homes widely separated. Whatever the causes of the decline in church at- tendance may have been we need not pause here to enquire, but rather examine the results and deter- mine, if possible, the evil and good which may have resulted therefrom. It may be affirmed, with full as- surance of its correctness, that this people have been as free from the grosser forms of vice as other com- munities have been. No murders or manslaughters have been committed; no robberies, highway or otherwise, have been perpetrated worthy of mention ; nor has the torch of the incendiary been applied at midnight to the domiciles of the people. Life and property have been comparatively safe and secure, and it may be truthfully said that much less cheating and fraud, under the garb of piety and religion, have marked the progress of this people than can be affirmed of some other communities with more pre- tentious surroundings ; but these conditions, negative 244 HISTORY OF THE rather than positive, have been supplemented by a generous hospitality and the kindlier conventionalities of life and of good neighborhood ; but these, bearing a favorable aspect, may not reasonably be adduced in favor of any system which ignores the necessity of stated, regular, moral instruction. That the social, moral, and intellectual condition of a community may be elevated by the public inculcation of moral and re- ligious truths there can be no reasonable doubt, and that a wise foresight would make ample provision for the development and growth of the higher elements of our nature needs no demonstration. The freedom from social caste observable in the history of the town has rested largely on the general equality in material things among the people. None have been very rich, not many very poor, — as nearly equal in all things as a community so situated well could be. This equality unquestionably would have tendency to develop the more sterling qualities of an independent, self-reliant character, and cause a com- mendable degree of freedom from that obsequiousness and servility founded in caste. THE POPULATION AND VALUATION.* Population of the Town taken _firsi in 1773 and again in 1775, 1786, and in 1790, aiid Decennially since the latter date, being the time -when the First United States Census -was taken, and also the Valuation of the Town, including- Polls taken Decen- nially sitice 1810. Inhabitants. Valuation. Census of 1773 745 1775 860 " 1786 1,250 " 1790 1-380 1800 1,350 "^ For present valuation, see page 253. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 24s Census of . Inhabitants. Valuation. i8io- 1,290 $220,502 1820 1. 391 225,748 1830 1.301 225,466 1840 1,165 350,966 1850 1,274 348,600 i860 i,oiS 332,648 1870 868 250,958 1880 669 254,758 THE ELECTORAL VOTES. The Vote for Electors for President and Vice-President of the United States, beginning 1788. 1878—6 electors 1792 — 6 electors 1796 — 6 electors 1800 — None recorded. n C Democratic electors '^'^i Federal • o«o f Democratic " '^^1 Federal ,Q « f Democratic " '^"i Federal .0 -- f Democratic " '^'^i Federal 1820 — One set " 1824 — None recorded. Q Q f Democratic electors '°^° t Nat'l Repub. " o J Democratic " '°32 "1^ Nat'l Repub. " „ f- J Democratic " "30\Nat'l Repub. " o f Democratic " 'Sl^twhig r Democratic " 1844-^ Whig (.Liberty " Votes. • 32 • 33 • 25 . 146 • 3 . 167 • 7 . 214 . 12 . 182 . II . 64 ■ 134 • 87 ■ 130 . no . 114 • 19 • 155 . 119 . 122 ■ 36 ■ 36 1856 {] ( Democratic elector 1848-^ Whig (. Free Soil C Democratic 1852 \ Whig ( Free Soil Democratic Republican C Democratic i86o.{ Republican ( Bell & Everett Q^ f Democratic '**^*\ Republican Q/roJ Democratic \ Republican „„_ / Democratic ""^ \ Republican ' Democratic Republican {Democratic Republican Greenback 1876 {] Votes. 122 78 32 129 42 35 132 123 124 62 54 128 87 no ST 86 79 96 108 72 89 25 POLITICAL PARTIES. In reviewing the action of the political -parties in their choice of electors, it will be seen that the Demo- crats have been for the most of the time in the ascendency. In the first and second elections of president, there was only one set of electors, and by 246 HISTORY OF THE these the entire vote was cast for Washington ; and in the election of John Adams there appears to have been no opposition. In the election in 1800, when Jefferson was first elected, there is no record of the votes cast, but in his second election, in 1804, there appears a very feeble opposition of only three votes for the Federal ticket. This is the first appearance of division into parties. The Federal vote again ap- pears in the first and second elections of Madison, in 1808 and in 181 2, and also in the first election of Monroe in 1816 ; but this opposition vote at no time exceeded twelve, and became totally extinct in the second election of Monroe in 1820, when there was ^ but one set of electors. The record of the vote of 1824 is missing. This was for the period embracing the administration of John Q^ Adams, when the people were really divided into two parties, the Democratic and the National Republican. The former of these had fair majorities in the election of 1828 and 1832, when Jackson was elected, and still larger when Van Buren was elected, in 1836. The National Republicans assumed the name of Whigs in 1840, when they threw one hundred and nineteen votes for electors for Harrison, the largest vote they ever cast. In 1844 a new party arose called the " Liberty," which polled thirty-six votes, the same as the Whig vote, but still a large majority of the votes were for electors for J. K. Polk. The Whig vote greatly increased, and the Liberty, or Free Soil, diminished in 1848, when General Taylor was elected, the Democrats still retaining a small ma- jority. In the election of General Pierce, in 1852, the Democrats carried the town by a small increase over the majority which thej'^ cast in 1848. In 1856, TOWN OF RICHMOND. 247 the Republican party took the place of the Whig and Free Soil, but still a majority of votes was given for Mr. Buchanan. There were three sets of electors in i860, when Lincoln was chosen ; the third was for Bell and Everett, the compromise candidates. The Democrats retained their ascendency in the second election of Lincoln in 1864, and also in the first and second elections of Gi-antin 1868 and i87;2, but in the election in 1876, which finally resulted in placing Hayes in the presidential chair, the Democrats, for the first time in the history of the town, were in the minority, and so continued in the election of 1880, which resulted in the choice of General Garfield. The Greenback party appear for the first time at this latter election with twenty-five votes for presidential electors. TOWN OFFICERS, ETC. List of Selectmen from 1765 to 1882, ■with the Tears each Served, including the First Date. John Cass, 1765. Moulton Bullock, 1773. Daniel Cass, 1765, 1773. Silas Gaskill, 1773, 1782. John Martin, 1765, 1776. Timothy Thompson, 1773. David Thurber, 1766, 1767. Joseph Cass, 1773, 1783. David Barney, 1766, 1767, 1768, John Dandly, 1773, 1776. 1783. Israel Whipple, 1774, 1779- Edward Ainsworth, 1766 to 1771. Joseph Newell, 1774, 1809. Abraham Randall, 1766, 1769, Ezra Allen, 1774. 1771. William Goddard, 1775. John Scott, 1766. Enoch White, 1775. Jonathan Gaskill, 1768, 1769, Daniel Read, 1775, 1776, 1777, 1773. 1784. Jedediah Buffum, 1770, 1771, Henry Ingalls, 1777. 1786, 1787, 1788, 1794. Amos Garnsey, 1777, 1778. Anthony Harris, 1770, 1772. Nicholas Cook, 1778, 1781. Jonathan Atherton, 177 1, 1773- James Kingsley, 1778, 1785, 1786, Jonathan Thurber, 1772. 1787, 1789, to 1794. Oliver Capron, 1772, 1773. Edmond Ingalls, 1779. 248 HISTORY OF THE Moses Tyler, 1779, 1781, 1785, 1788, 1789, 1790, 1791, 1792, 1793. 179s. 1796, 1797. 1798. 1799, 1800, 1801, 1802, 1803, 1806, 1807, 1808. Wheeler Cole, 1780. Paul Aldrich, 1780. Samuel Curtis, 1780, 1804, 1805, 1806, 1807, 180S. Hezekiah Mann, 1781. Noah Curtis, 1782. Rufus Whipple, 1782, 1783, 17S5, 1786, 1787, 1794. Jonas Twitchell, 1784, Isaac Benson, 1784. Nathaniel Aldrich, 1788, 1789, 1790, 1791, 1792, 1793, 1794, 1795, 1796, 1797, 1798, 1799, 1800, 1801, 1802, 1803, 1804, 1805, 1809, 1810, 1811, 1812. Samuel Gaskill, 1795 to 1798. David Ballou, 1798. Nathan Ballou, 1799 to 1803. James Cook, 1803. Esek Buifum, 1804 to 1809. Ebenezer Blanding, 1809. Joseph Newell, jr., 1810, iSii, 1812, 1815, 1830, 1832. Jonathan Atherton, jr., i8io, 1811, 1812, 1819, 1821, 1822, 1823. Ezra Martin, 1813, 1814, 1815, 1816, 1817, 1818, 1820. Benjamin Newell, 1813, 1814, 1817, 1818, 1822, 1823, 1825, 1826, 1828, 1829, 1833, 1835. Jerathmeel Allen, 18 13. Alfred Saben, 1814, 1815, 1816, 1819, 1820. Saben Atherton, 1816, 1817, 1820. Russell Whipple, 1818, 1819, 1821, 1822, 1834, 1845. William Randall, 1821. Jonathan Rawson, 1823, 1825, 1826, 1827. John Parkhurst, 1824. Silas Jillson, 1824, 1825, 1826, 1827, 1828, 1830, 1832. Moses Tyler, jr., 1827 to 1830. Daniel Bassett, 1829, 1831, 1835, 1836. Enoch Whipple, 1830, 1832. Silas Whipple, 1831. Nathaniel Boorn, 1831. Brown Nourse, 1833, 1834. David Buflfum, 1833, 1834, 1837, 1838. Nicholas Cook, 1834. Seth A. Curtis, 1835. Kendall Fisher, 1836, 1837, 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1843, 1844, 1846, 1847, 185I) 1857, i860, 1861, 1862, 1863. Alvin Barrus, 1836, 1837, 183S, 1842. Stephen Randall, 1839, 1S40, 1841, 1843, 1844. Samuel Sprague, 1839 t° 1842. D. B. Aldrich, 1842. Jarvis Weeks, 1842. Asahel Kelton, 1843, 1844, 1845, 1846, 1847, 1852, 1853, T856, 1858, 1859. Levi Wheeler, 1845. William Wright, 1846, 1847, 1849, 1854. ISSS. 1878, 18S3, 1884. Willard Randall, 1848, 1850, 1854. Alvan Atherton, 1848 to 1852. Augustus Cass, 1848. Nathan Bowen, 1849. William Bassett, 1850, 1851. Jesse BoUes, 1852, 1853, 1856, 1857, i860, 1862, 1868, 1869, 1870, 1871. Uberto Bowen, 1852, 1853. ©iFiJiieiKiEi; JNO. ATHERTON ESQ. rvi o ntRATOR SAMUEL SPRAGUE, StLLCTMAN HENRY RICE JESSE BUWLES. NATHAN BOWEN. b LI..U t I M A N TOWN OF RICHMOND. 249 Edwin Cass, 1854. J. W. Herrick, 1855. Silas Whipple, 1855. Ahaz Cass, 1856, 1857. Henry Rice, 1858, 1859. Hosea B. Aldrich, 1858, i860, i86i, 1864, 1865, 1866, 1867. Almando Ballou, 1859. Stephen W. Williams, 1861. Asa H. Bullock, 1862 to 1867. Cyrenus Taft, 1863. Zimri Bowen, 1864, 1865. Elbridge G. Bemis, i866, 1867, 1868, 1869, 1872. Edson Starkey, 1867, 1868, 1SO9, 1870, 1873, 1874, 187s, 1876, 1877, 1879, i88o- Andrew Willoby, 1870 to 1873. Hiram P. Sprague, 1871, 1875, 1876, 1877. George H.Taylor, 1872. Amos G. Bennett, 1873, 1874. Nathaniel B. Fisher, 1873. Joseph B. Abbott, 1874 to 1878. George W. Randall, 1878. Nathan E. Tuttle, 1878. Charles H. Lyon, 1879 to 1885. Almon Twitchell, 1879 *» 1885. Edwin N. Bowen, 1881, 1882. Table Showing Where the Annual Town Meetings have been Held from 1765 to 1^82. From 1765 to 1768 — At Deacon John Cass', Innholder. 1769 " Timothy Thompson's, Innholder. ^ 1770 " Timothy Thompson's, Innholder. 1771 " Timothy Thompson's, Innholder. 1772 " house of Jedediah Buffum, Innholder. 1773 " house of Jedediah Buflfum, Innholder. 1774 " house of Constant Barney, Innholder. 177s " Deacon John Cass', Innholder. 1776 " house of Silas Gaskill, Innholder. 1777 " house of Abner Aldrich, jr., Innholder. 1778 " house of Abner Aldrich, jr., Innholder. 1779 " house of Abner Aldrich, jr., Innholder. 1780 " house of Abner Aldrich, jr., Innholder. 1781 " house of Ebenezer Miller. 1782 " house of Hezekiah Mann. Aug. 27, 1782 " Baptist meeting-house. From 1782 to 1883 the annual and all other town meetings were held at the Baptist meeting-house, ex- cept that, in 1784, the annual meeting was adjourned to David Bullock's shop, but for what purpose does not appear ; and that a meeting, called December 9, at the Baptist meeting-house, was adjourned to Joseph 2^0 HISTORY OF THE Barney's dwelling-house, which stood a few rods north-east of the meeting-house. Previous to 1782, special meetings were sometimes held at barns, viz. : at Constant Barney's barn, at Jedediah Buifum's barn, and at Hezekiah Mann's barn, and once, in 177^' ^^ adjournment was made out of doors, and the busi- ness was transacted in the open air. Lis^ of Moderators at the Annual Toivn Meetings from 1865 to 1885, tuith years each served, including the first date. Deacon John Cass, 1765. Abraham Randall, 1766, 1770, 1771. 1773- Edward Ainsworth, 1767, 1769. Constant Barney, 1768. Jonathan Thurber, 1772. Moulton Bullock, 1774.- Oliver Capron, 1775, 1778. Daniel Read, 1776, 1777. Amos Garnsey, 1779. Israel Whipple, 1780. Rufus Whipple, 17S1 to 1790, 1793 to 1796, 1799, iSoo, 1803 to 1808, 1809 to 1817. Moses Tyler, 1790 to 1793, 1796 to 1799, 1 801, 1802. Daniel C. Bryant, 1808. Jonathan Atherton, 1817 to 1822, 1823 to 1830, 1831, 1835. Joseph Weeks, 1830, 1833. Timothy Pickering, 1833. Joseph Newell, 1834. Rufus Bowen, 1836 to 1839. Amos Bennett, 1839, 184O1 1844. Willard Randall, 1842, 1843, 184s, 1848 to 1852, i8s3, 1854, 1859. Kendall Fisher, 1846, 1847, 1855, 1857, 1858, i860 to 1866. Asahel Kelton, 1852, 1856. Elbridge G. Bemis, 1866 to 1874. Ahaz Cass, 1874. Asa H. Bullock, 1875. Joseph B. Abbott, 1876, 1877. Jonathan C. Bryant, 1878 to 1881. Nahum Cass, 1881 to 1885. List of Rcfresentatives to the General Court from 1776 to 1883, ■with years each sertwd. Oliver Capron, 1776, 1783. Daniel Read, 1777. David Barney, 1778. Noah Curtis, 1779, 1782. Jonathan Gaskill, 1787, 1789, 1790. Moses Tyler, 1793, 1796 to 1802. Rufus Whipple, 1794, 1795. James Cook, 1802 to 1807. Joseph Weeks, 1807 to 1810, 181 1 to 1814, 1821 to 1S24, 1826, 1830, 1832 to 1835. miKiTffl¥E' WILLARD RANDALL. KENDALL FISHtR. * J NICHOLAS COOK. EDSON STARKEY. STEPHEN RANDALL. D.e.ALDRICH. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 251 Nathaniel Aldrich, 1810. Jonathan Atherton, 1814 to 1817, . 1819. Benjamin Newell, 1817, 1818, 1820. Joseph Newell, 1824, 1825. Jonathan Rawson, 1827 to 1830. Russell Whipple, 1831. Nahum Aldrich, 1837 '° 1840. Jarvis Weeks, 1840, 1841. Nicholas Cook, 1842, 1845, 1846. Kendall Fisher, 1843, 1844. Stephen Randall, 1847, 1848. William Wright, 1849, 1850. Willard Randall, 1851, 1852. D. B. Aldrich, 1853, 1854. Samuel P. French, 1855. John Starkey, 1856, 1857. AbnerTwitchell, 1858, i860. Asahel Kelton, 1859. Hosea B. Aldrich, 1861, 1863. Asa H. Bullock, 1864. N. G. Woodbury, 1865, 1866. Edson Starkey, 1867, 1868. Asa H. Bullock, 1869, 1870. Elbridge G. Bemis, 1871, 1872. Andrew G. Willoby, 1873. Almon Twitchell, 1874. Edwin N. Bowen, 1875, 1876. Josep*i B. Abbott, 1877. Hiram P. Sprague, 1878. John E. Noi-wood, 1883. List of Tovin Clerks from 1765 to 1882, -with the years each served, including the first date. Daniel Cass, 1765. Amos W. Newell, 1844, 1846, Henry Ingalls, 1766 to 1792. 1847, 1855. Samuel Gaskill, 1792 to 1798, Henry B. Swan, 1848, 1849. 1799 to 1802. David Ballou, 1798. Joseph Weeks, 1802 to 1822, 1823, 1827. Jonathan Rawson, 1824 to 1827, 1831. Benjamin Newell, 1828, 1829. One T. Cass, 1830. Jarvis Weeks, 1832 to 1836, 1837 William Bassett, 1850 to 1853. N. G. Woodbury, 1S58, i860 to 1865. D. R. Spaulding, 1859. Jarvis Ingalls, 1865 to 1871, 1880 to 1884. Amos G. Bennett, 1871 to 1875. Edward F. P. Dearborn, 1875 (one month). to 1844, 1845, 1853, 1854, i8s6> George W. Newell, 1876 to 1880. 1857. Almon Twitchell, 1884. Stephen Wheeler, jr., 1836. List of Town Treasurers from 1765 to 1882, -with the years each served, including first date, John Cass, 1765, 1766, 1772. Luke Cass, 1803 to 1813. Francis Norwood, 1767 to 177 1. EsekBuffum, 1813 to 1822. Timothy Thompson, 1771. Jonathan Rawson, 1823 to 1826, Jedediah Buffum, 1773 to 1803. 1837, 1838. ' 252 HISTORY OF THE Joseph Weeks, 1826, 1827. Daniel Bassett, 1828. Luke Harris, 1829, 1831. Timothy Pickering, 1830, to 1836. John Parkhurst, 1836. Willard Randall, 1839. Danford Tyler, 1840 to 1844. Uberto Bowen, 1844. Edson Starkey, 1845 to i 1852, 1853. William Bassett, 1848, 1849. A. W. Newell, 1850. D. S. Swan, 1851. O. F. Blanding, 1854, 1855. N. Naromore, 1856. 1832 Calvin Bryant, 1857. J. W. Herrick, 1858, 1859. Cyrel Amadon, i860. N. G. Woodbury, 1861 to 1866. Stephen W. Williams, 1866. Hosea B. Aldrich, 1867. Amos G. Bennett, 1868 to 1874. Harvey Martin, 1874. Leason Martin, 1875 to 1881. John E. Norwood, 1881 to 1885. List of Justices of the Peace from the First Settlement of the To-ivn to the Present Time, -with the Tear of their Aff oint- ment, so far as known. Henry Ingalls, prior to . . 1778 Samuel Gaskill, " . . 1790 Oliver Capron, " . . 1782 Rufus Whipple 1790 Moses Tyler 1804 Joseph Weeks 1808 Nathaniel Aldrich .... 1813 Jonathan Atherton .... 1816 Benjamin Newell 1819 Jonathan Rawson .... 1828 John Parkhurst 1829 Joseph Newell 1830 Silas Jillson 1831 Timothy Pickering .... 1834 Jarvis Weeks 1842 Kendall Fisher 1844 Job Bisbee 1847 Amos Bennett 1847 William Wright 1850 Uberto Bowen 1850 Willard Randall 1852 Samuel D. Allen 1854 John W. Herrick 1855 David B. Aldrich 1855 Amos W. Newell 1856 David BufFum, 2d ... . 1856 Daniel R. Spaulding . . . 1863 Elbridge G. Bemis .... 1867 Edson Starkey 1868 Stephen W. Williams . . . 1871 Andrew Willoby 1872 A. G. Bennett 1872 Nahum Cass 1872 Joseph B. Abbott 1874 Edwin N. Bowen 1875 George W. Newell .... 1877 FINANCIAL CONDITION OF THE TOWN. The following table shows the valuation of the town at the present time, and the nature of the property represented ; with this also is presented the Recapit- TOWN OF RICHMOND. 2S3 ulation of the Selectmen, showing receipts, disburse- ments, assets, etc., for. the last financial year: — Valuation, Taxes, etc., in 1883. Number of acres taxed in town .... 22,870 Assessed value of same $182,225 00 Value per acre $7 97 Number of horses 147 Value of horses 10,555 00 Average value of each $72 00 Neat stock over eighteen months old . . 460 Value of same 14,676 00 Sheep over six months old 303 Value of same 1,004 00 Stock in banks 1,500 00 Value of carriages i ,345 00 Stock in trade 7i93i 00 Money on hand or at interest 11,02400 Value of mills 9,200 00 Value of hogs moo Total value $239iS7i 00 Recapitulation for year endings March i, 18S3. RECEIPTS. Cash in treasury $1,985 20 Received State and County .... ..... 1,075 26 " on sundry accounts 38 41' " Edson Starkey, collector 95 " Lewis R. Cass, collector 2,516 73 $5,616 55 DISBURSEMENTS. Incidental expenses $ 191 79 Support of Town poor 235 37 t " County poor 204 75 State and County tax 1,052 37 Schools and school- houses .... ..... 1,023 26 Highways and bridges 463 95 Abatements 32 57 Town officers 364 50 Outstanding orders 17 00 $3,585 56 254 HISTORY OF THE ASSETS. Cash in treasury March i, 1883 $2,030 99 Barber place 25 00 Boyce place 150 00 Due from County 6 00 " State bounty on wild animals ... I5 4° Collector, 1882 73 SO " Henry S. Whitmore, cost on taxes . i 36 " Willard White, taxes and cost ... 14 47 $2,316 72 LIABILITIES. Money due school districts $ 348 63 Due school from dog tax unexpended .... 52 00 Literary fund due schools 68 54 469 17 Assets over and above indebtedness $1,847 55 Number of polls 182 Number of scholars 153 Total amount of taxes for all purposes . $2,584 00 CAPT. DAVID BUFFUM. CO. A. HORATIOA. NELSON. TOWN OFFICERS AND OTHERS. w TOWN OF RICHMOND. 255 CHAPTER VII. THE GENEALOGY OF FAMILIES. \ Abbott — Adams — Ainsworth — Aldrich — Allen — Amadon — Ames — Anderson — Ar- nold — Atherton — Babcock — Eaker — Ball — Ballard — Ballou — Barber — Harden Barker— Barr us— Barney— Barrett — Bassett — Battles — Beals — Bemis — Bennett — Benson — Bigelow — Bisbee — Bishop — Black — Blanding — Bliss — BoUes — Boom — Bowen — Boyce — Brigham — Brittan — Brown — Bryant — Buffum — Bullock — Bump — Butterfield — Buxton — Capron — Cargill — Carkin — Carpenter — Carroll — Carter — Cass — Chase — Chapman — Cheever — Cheeney — Church — Clark — Clapp — Colburn — Cole — Combs — Conway — Cooley — Cook — Corey — Corliss — Crane — Grossman — Cressey — Crooker — Cummings — Cumstock — Curtis — Dand- ley — Daniels — Darling — Davenport — Day — Dexter — Dillingham — Dingman — ^ Dodge — Doolittle — Ellis — Ellor — Emerson —Erskine — Estas — Evans — Fisher^ Flint — Frazier — Freeman — French — Fuller — Gage — Garnsey — Gaskill — Gay — Gleason — Goddard — Goodwin — Goodnow — Goodnough — Graves — Grant — Green — Grout — Grover — ■ Guild — Hamilton — Hammond — Hale — Handy — Harkness — Harris — Hayward — Herrick — Hews — Hills — Hill — Hix — Hol- brook — Howe — Howard — Hubbard — Huntley — Hunting — Hunt — Ingalls — IngersoU — Jessop — Jillson — Johnson — Jittem — JossHn — Kelson — Kenney — Kingsley — Kinsman — Kimpton — Knap — Lawrence — Lester — Lyon — Man — Martin — Mason — Meader — Mellin — Merrifield — Miller — Mowry — Mullen — Munroe — Naromore — Nason — Nelson — Newell — Newton — Norwood — Nourse — Nutting — Ormsby — Page — Paine — Palmer — Parker — Parkhurst — Patch — Perry — Peck — Peters — Phillips — Pickering — Piper — Potter — Powers — Prescott — Put- ney — Ramsdall — Randall — Rawson — Raymer — Razee — Raynolds — Read — Rich — Rice — Robinson — Roper — Russell — Saben — Salisbury — Scott — Smead — Shafter — Smith — Southwick — Spaulding — Spencer — Sprague — Starkey — Streeter — St. Clair — Stoddard — Swan — Sweet — Swift — Sweetzer — Taf t — Tay- lor — Temple — Tenney — Thayer — Threshire — Thompson — Thornton — Thurber — Tillson — Torrey — Truesdall — Tucker — Tuttle — Twitchell — Tyler —Wakefield Wallace — Walker — Ward — Ware — Warren — Weatherhead — Weeks — Westcoat — Wheaton — Wheeler — White — Wilson — Whipple — Whitcomb — Whitaker — Whittemore — Whitman — Whitmore — Whitney — Wing — Williams — Willoby — Wiswall — Woodbury — Woodward — Wooley — Work — Wright — Young — Yates. ABBOTT. yoeH Abbott lived near Martin's mills about 1812 ; was a cloth dresser ; shop above the mills, near the reservoir. Josefh B. Abbott, Esq., from Surry, N. H., m. Lydia, dr. of Leason Martin, Sept. i, 1859; during 256 HISTORY OF THE the war was in the sanitary commission , four years ; lived in town 1866-1878 ; was on the board of select- men four years, and is now one of the county com- missioners, and lives in Keene ; had Florence S., b. July 18, 1865 ; Leon M., b. August, 1867. ADAMS. Darius Adams, the father of Obed E. Adams, lived on the Capt. Oliver Capron place, i8io-'ii ; died of typhus fever, the prevailing epidemic, 1812. Obcd E. Adams, from Boston, bought, 1850, the farm formerly owned by Moses Tyler. Sold to Charles W. Conway, 1865, and removed to the old Wakefield hotel, which he purchased and repaired, and for a short time sold goods in the store part thereof; and finally sold and returned to Boston, where he died. AINSWORTH. Edward Ainsworth was f. s. on L. 2, R. 12, known as the Asahel Kelton place. He sold to Michael Barrus, 1772, and removed to Claremont, N. H. ALDRICH. Dr. Aaron Aldrich appears to have been the son of Moses and Hannah Aldrich, of Mendon, and was b. Jan. 3, 1734; m. Mary Wheat, May i, 1753. He settled on the lot of land next north of Thomas Bowen's, now Zimri's, L. 15, R. 4. His house was on the east side of the road leading from Bowen's to Benson's, near which lived also his son Solomon. Royal, another son, built a house on the west side of the road, the same afterwards occupied by Preserved TOWN OF RICHMOND. 257 Whipple, Robert Swan, and others. He was prob- ably the first practicing physician in . town ; was chosen by the town a grammar-school master, 1778 ; had three sons, viz. : Solomon,b. Dec. 18, 1753, Royal, and Ziba. Solomon m. Rebecca Webber, April 5, 1775 ; had Mary, Hannah, and Aaron. Ziba m. Hannah Webber, Nov. 19, 1775 ; had Nathaniel and Ziba. No other record of the family of Dr. Aldrich or his sons. They probably removed to Mount Holly, Vt. Rev. Artemas Aldrich, son of Jonathan and Pa- tience Aldrich, of Mendon, was b. May 21, 1746. He was f. s. on L. 20, R. 6, the place where Joseph Newell, sr., and Joseph Newell, jr., since resided. He became minister of the second Baptist church, 1776, and probably retained the pastorate during the separate existence of this church. He removed from town about 1791. Had ten children. Caft. Abner Aldrich, son of David and Hannah Aldrich, of Mendon, was b. Nov. 17, 1727 ; ist m. Elizabeth Cook, dr. of Dea. Nicholas Cook, of Bel- lingham, Nov. 2, 1747 ; 2d m. Anna Brown, Dec. 16, 1805. He was in the Colonial service in the old French and Indian war ; went on the expedition to Canada, 1758 ; removed to Richmond, 1768. He bought L. 23, R. 5, and the adjoining lot north in Swansey, on the latter of which he settled ; had four children b. in Mendon, viz. : Abner, Hannah, m. Freeman ; Simeon, and Phila, m. J. A. Barney ; had also Nicholas, Susanna, ist m. Ebenezer Cole, 2d Stephen Jillson ; and Ananias. He d. Oct. 31, 1815, aged 88, while living with his son Ananias. His first wife d. May 7, 1804 ; age 75. 17 258 HISTORY OF THE Abner Aldrich,jr., bought of Aaron Cumstock the farm known as the Henry Rice place in 1768. He lived on the Ebenezer Cole place, near the town pound, from 1777 to 1781, and there kept a tavern, and was probably the f. s. on L. 22, R. 4; had Prudence, Ezra, and Roby. He died about 1782. Simeon Aldrich — Abner — m., Dec. 9, i779' Abi- gail Giles. Nicholas Aldrich — Abner — m. Lucinda, dr. of Paul Handy. He lived a while on a small place east of Levi Aldrich's. He had the misfortune to lose one of his legs. He d. about 1820, and she d. Aug. 8, 1878; both died in Swansey ; had Barbara, Simeon, Lucinda, Nicholas, Ananias, and Lillis, who m. Paul Martin. Ananias Aldrich — Abner — m. Mary Randall, dr. of Abraham, June 27, 1774. He settled on L. 23, R. 5, the farm now owned by David W. Williams. He was the first builder of a saw-mill on the premises, which were formerly described as "Aldrich's mill." He died 1826. Children: Abraham, b. Jan. 23, 1775 ; Isaac, b. April 9, 1777, m. Abigail Aldrich, March 12, 1801; Silence, b. June 30, 1779; Na- thaniel, b. June 2, 1781 ; Waity, b. June 3, 1783 ; Rufus, b. Sept. 28, 1785, m. Elizabeth Aldrich, March 15, 1807; Phila, b. Aug. 27, 1787, ist m. Aaron Tenney, 2d m. John Wheeler; Elizabeth, b. Aug. 12, 1789, m. Marshall ; Judith, b. Oct. 20, 1791, m. Joseph BufFum, May 13, 1810; Susanna, m. Calvin Bryant, Feb. 27, 1812. Isaac Aldrich — Ananias — Abner — m., March 12, i8or, Abigail, dr. of Levi Aldrich; had David, b. Aug. 10, 1801 ; Ananias, b. April 2, 1803. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 259 Lot Aldrich, son of John and Mary, b. Oct. 30, 1754, of Northbridge, bought, 1784, the Job Newell place, L. 16, R. 8, situated north of the Dea. Simeon Thayer farm. He lived there a few years, and then exchanged the place with Levi Randall for a farm in Troy, where he removed about 1800. He 1st m. Sarah Robertson, daughter of John, April 18. 1779 ; 2d m. wid. Bethiah Nigh, of Swansey, Nov. 24, 1800. Children by Sarah : Olive, b. Dec. 20, 1779; Ezra, b. Oct. 13, 1781 ; Huldah, b. Nov. 28, 1783 ; Mary, Lucy, Elijah, Lydia, Bethsheba, Sarah, John. Record incomplete. William Aldrich lived in a house east of John Scott's, probably on L. 19, R. 11, in 1783. The house is mentioned as that of the late William Aldrich. Had one son named Doctor Aldrich, b. Mar. 12, 1776. No other record. Silas Aldrich m. Mehetabel ; was the first settler on the farm where Joseph Starkey, jr., lived. He re- removed to Danby, Vt. Had four children, viz. : Merriam, Lucy, Hannah, and Joanna. Henry Aldrich, a brother of Silas, lived on the west side of the road, south of the Luke Cass place, and north of the watering place. He went to Liver- more, Me. Had Sarah, m. Seth Ballou, jr. Paul Aldrich m. Susanna Cook, Dec. 11, 1777. He lived on the east side of the road south of Nahum Aldrich's, part L. 19, R. 4. Had five children, viz. : Peter, Esther, Phila, Sylvanus, and Paul. Uriah Aldrich m. Mary Dawson, Oct. 15, 1786, and lived south of Luke Cass' ; had Moses, who went to Middlesex, Vt., and Ira, born Feb. 13. 1787, 26o HISTORY OF THE who m. Anna Holbrook, dr. of David, March 25, 1810. Ira had Mary Ann, Marcellus L., b. June 23, 1809; Lorinda, b. Feb. i, 1813, m. Christopher Robinson, and Luke Cass, b. April 18, 1824. Marcellus L. Aldrich — Ira — Uriah — m. Eliza- beth S. Crooker, dr. of Benjamin, Sept. 17, 1832. He removed to Rochester, N. Y. Levi, Nathaniel, and Nathan Aldrich, together with Amasa, who settled in Swansey, were brothers, and came from Mendon and settled in the north-east part of the town. Two other brothers, Luther and David, settled in Pennsylvania. Levi Aldrich, one of the brothers above named, m. Elizabeth Perry. Settled on L. 22, R. 3, the place afterwards occupied by his son Noah. He was a blacksmith ; had a trip-hammer shop and small iron furnace, by means of which he supplied the settlers with castings. He d. May 19, 1818, aged 65 ; she d. April 28, 1829, aged 76. Had ten chil- dren, viz. : Olney, b. April 25, 1775, m. Mollie Woodward, Feb. 25, 1796; Louis, b. Sept. 23, 1776, d. Sept. II, 1788; Sylvanus, b. Oct. 6, 1778, m. Sarah Wheeler, of Swansey, July 3, 1798 ; Abigail, b. Sept. 12, 1781, m. Isaac Aldrich, March 12, 1801 ; Levi, b. Sept. 10, 1783, m. Waity Aldrich, dr. of Ananias ; Noah, b. Dec. 9, 1788, Elizabeth, b. Jan. 9, 1788, m. Rufus Aldrich, March 15, 1807; Lucy, m. Samuel Doty ; Leah, b. April 20, 1790, m. Seth Bisbee, Nov. 29, 1810 ; Lydia, m. Joseph Starkey, jr., Feb. 20, 181 2. None of the descendants of Levi Aldrich now live in Richmond, and the buildings have disappeared from the place. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 261 Noah Aldrich — Levi — m. WaiLstill Starkey, dr. of Joseph, sr., May 15, 181 1. He was a blacksmith. Removed to Pennsylvania soon after his marriage, but returned to his father's place, and then went to Rhode Island; returned again, and worked at his trade at the Four corners and at the old homestead, and finally removed again to Pennsylvania, about 1845. He utilized the water-power on the old farm by putting in an overshot water-wheel, probably the first of the kind ever made in town. Had seven chil- dren, viz. : Angela, who m. Augustus Cass ; Mi- randa, m. Bradley Flemings; Joseph, Benjamin, m. Lona Thayer, dr. of Asa; Waitstill, m. Joseph Oakman ; Leander, and Jillson. Nathaniel Aldrich, Esq., brother of Levi, b. Dec. 3, 1755, m. Cleopatra Ramsdell. He settled on L. 19, R. 2, on the road leading to Troy, by the Merri- field place. He held many important town offices, and was a representative to the General Court. He removed to Danby, Vt., 1825, and spent the last years of his life with his daughter Nancy, who m. Isaac Wilbur. Had twelve children, viz. : William, b. May 20, 1775, d. Sept. 26, 1778; Luther, b. May 20, 177s, d. May 22, 1775 ; John, b. Nov. 23, 1777, m. Prusia Streeter, Oct. 18, 1798 ; Nancy, b. June 6, 1779, ™- Isaac Wilbur; Moses, b. April 20, 1783, m. Priscilla Dexter, of Royalston, Feb. 20, 1811, and lived in Marlborough; Lois, b. June 20, 1785, m. Ezra Bowen ; Anna, b. June 28, 1788, m. Hosea Benson ; Aaron, b. Jan. 4, 1790, m. Mary Harkness, dr. of John; Seth, b. May 27, 1792, d. May 9, 1793 ; Mary, b. Sept. 24, 1794, m'. Moses B. Wheaton ; Phila, b. March 17, 1797, m. Job Benson ; Nathaniel, jr., b. June 8, 1781, d. July 29, 1800. None of the 262 HISTORY OF THE descendants of Esquire Aldrich are known to be in town. The buildings on the old farm are gone, and the place is unoccupied. Aaron Aldrich — Nathaniel — m. Mary, dr. of John Harkness. He s.ettled on the homestead, and lived there until about 1835, when he removed to Tioga County, Penn. Had Horace, Nancy, John, Caroline, Elliot, Aaron, and perhaps others. John Aldrich — Nathaniel — m. Prusia Streeter, and had one son, Nathaniel. This son m. Betsy Woodward, and removed to Pennsylvania. Nathan Aldrich, brother of Levi and Nathaniel, m. Martha Jillson ; settled on L. 20, R. 4. His house was on the road leading from the Benson place to Swansey ; had a family of nine children, from whom have descended all of the family name now residing in Richmond. The farm is unoccupied, and the buildings have been removed. He d. April 8, 1832, aged 82; she d. Feb. 8, 1827, aged 75. Children: Nahum, b. Aug. 28, 1774; Levin, b. May 24, 1777 ; Rhoda, b. Sept. i, 1779, m. William Crane, April 20, 1800; Waity, b. March 11, 1782, m. Obed Bolles, 2d, Dec. 27, 1803 ; Nathan, b. April 9, 1784, m. Betsy Wheelock and removed to Pennsyl- vania ; Patty, b. Aug. 6, 1786, m. Stephen Potter; Luke, b. Oct. 25, 1788; Vina, b. Sept. 17, 1790, d. young: Sarah, b. Oct. 9, 1792, m. Eli Page. Nahum Aldrich — Nathan — ist m. Sarah Jillson, 2d m. widow Esther Davenport, Oct. 8, 1818. His residence was the one next south of his father's. He was twice elected representative to the General Court ; he d. March 29, 1863, aged 88; Sarah d. Feb. 13, 1818 ; Esther d. Dec. 15, 1867. Children by Sarah : TOWN OF RICHMOND. 263 Liberty, m. Mary, dr. of Laban Thornton; Susanna, m. William Jones ; Amasa, ist m. Susanna Thomp- son, 2d m. Anna Tolman ; Clarissa, died March 3, 1829, aged 25 ; EUery K., b. Sept. 8, 1811. Children by Esther: Sarah, Esther, Nahum, d. March 15, 1831, aged 7 ; Waitstill, Jillson, d. young. Levin Aldrich — Natlian — m. Mary Bolles, dr. of John, Jan. 3, 1800. He bought the Moses Martin farm, and continued on the same during his life ; had ten children, viz. : Eunice, b. Jan. 26, 1801 ; Benja- min, b. May 25, 1803 ; Arnold, b. May 25, 1803, d. May 16, 1852, aged 49; Vienna, b. Sept. 19, 1806, 1st m. Robert Swan, jr., 2d m. Lucius Scott; Jerome B., b. April 16, 1808; David B., b. June 19, 181 1 ; Adaline, b. June 19, 1814, m. Abner Twitchell ; Morandy, b. April 14, 1817, m. Lyman Holbrook ; Lucius, b. May 5, 1820; Hosea B. b. Feb. i, 1823. He d. May 15, 1855, aged 78 ; she d. April 29, 185^, aged 79. Luke Aldrich — Nathan — m. Mary Martin, dr. of George, March 7, 1816. He settled on the same lot of land with his father ; his house stood north of the old homestead. He d. March 24, 1846, of small- pox ; she d. Dec. 4, 1864. Had eight children, viz. : Elbridge, b. May 18, 1817, lived in Worcester, d. Dec. 4, 1879; Mary Ann, b. Nov. i, 1818 ; Robert, b. March 5, 1820; Emily, b. May 20, 1823, d. April 29, 1878 ; Sally, m. Christopher Tracy, b. March 29, 1826, d. May 20, 1873; Nathan, b. Aug. 31, 1828, d. April 27, 1858; George, b. May 15, 1830, moved to Pennsylvania, d. Jan. 18, 1861 ; Martha J., b. May 22, 1832, m. Nahum Cass. 264 HISTORY OF THE Liberty Aldrich — Nahum — Nathan — m. Mary, dr. of Laban Thornton ; was a wheelwright ; lived on the place since owned by Ellery K. ; had Eunice and Laban T. ; d. April 11, 1S28. Amasa Aldrich — Nahum — ist m. Susanna Thompson, 2d m. Anna Tolman, of Troy. By Anna, had Andrew, lives in Keene ; Angeline, m. Garfield, lives in Swansey. Ellery K. Aldrich — Nahum — Nathan — ist m. Candace Taylor, dr. of Elias, Dec. 15, 1834, ^d m. widow Angela M. Price, of Boston ; 3d m. Sarah, dr. of John Starkey, Jan. i, 1879. Candace d. March 8, 1873 ; Angela d. July 4, 1877. By Can- dace, had Harriet S., b. Jul}' 20, 1836; Susan, b. May 26, 1838; Lydia, b. Oct. 16, 1841 ; Frank S., b. June 19, 1842. He lived on the Liberty Aldrich place until he removed to Swansey, 1872. Jerome Aldrich — Leven — Nathan — m. Sabrina Knight, of Gilsum ; was for many years with Parker, Gannett & Co., of Boston; he d. 1883. Benjamin Aldrich — Leven — Nathan — m. Ma- hala Martin, dr. of David, Aug. 31, 1826; was a carpenter; lived in North ■ Richmond ; d. April 22, 1882. Had Almina, b. Jan. 31, 1827, m. David W. Williams; Charles W., b. Feb. 7, 1831 ; Anderson, b. Oct. II, 1834; PhebeJ., b. Jan. 16, 1843. David B. Aldrich — Levin — Nathan — ist m. Olive Martin, dr. of David, Feb. i, 1835, she d. Jan. 17, 1840; 2d m. widow Narcissa M. Crooker, Nov. 4, 1840, she d. Oct. 21, 1842; 3d m. Atlanta Martin, dr. of Jesse, Feb. 8, 1843, she d. Dec. 17, 1853 ; 4th m. Elmira Hartwell, May 25, 1854, she d. Aug. 24, 1863 ; 5th m. Mary Whipple, dr. of TOWN OF RICHMOND. 265 Isquire, July 6, 1864, she d. Jan. 14, 187 1 ; 6th m. widow Martha Fisher, June 22, 1871. He is a car- penter; manufactured pails at North Richmond, 1852-56 ; has lived on the Nathaniel Taft place since 1850 ; has been selectman and representative to the General Court. Children Hy Olive: David H., b. • Jan. 13, 1836 ; Luther, b. Sept. 24, 1837, d. Mar. 27, i860. Children by Narcissa : Olive N., b. Nov. 14, 1841, m. Laton Martin, of Keene. Children by Elmira: Daniel B., b. March 8, 1858; Myra F., b. Sept. 4, 1859; Attie H., b. Sept 8, 1861. Lucius Aldrich — Levin — Nathan — m., Jan. 13, 1848, Lucy Martin, dr. of Robert. He removed to Fitchburg. . He there becapie a carpenter and master builder ; was a member of the common council, and prominent in the management of the affairs of the city. He d. Jan. 12, 1882; she d. Sept. 28,1874; had Mary L., b. 1858. He 2d m. widow Collister, who survives him. Hosea B. Aldrich — Levin — Nathan — ist m. Emily Martin, dr. of Leason, Oct. 26, 1848 ; 2d m. Julia A. Swan, dr. of Ambrose, April 29, 1882. Emily d. April 12, 1881.. By Emily, had Randall H., b. June, 1850; Frederick L., b. May 5, 1856; Fanny M., b. April 11, 1859; Emily E., b. Oct. 23, 1864. Elbridge Aldrich — Luke — Nathan — m. Amadon of Fitzwilliam. He removed to Worcester ; was a carpenter, and worked in Bradley's' car-shop for many years. He d. Dec. 4, 1879. Robert Aldrich — Luke — Nathan — m. Eltheda, dr. of Jeremiah Barrus, jr.. May 16, 1847. He was a cooper; lived at the Derrick Hews place, at the 266 HISTORY OF THE Four corners. He d. Feb. 27, 1877; had Emma J., b. Aug. 6, 1857, who married Elvin D. Stowell, of Winchester. Charles W. Aldrich, son of Benjamin, m. Martha A. Hill, of Fitzwilliam ; b. April 2, 1829 ; m. Dec. 20, 1859. -^^ resides at North Richmond, on his father's place. Had Elliot W., b. Oct 2, 1866. Anderson Aldrich — Benjamin — Levin — Nathan — m. Almira, dr. of Henry Ballou, sr. He lives in Swansey. D. Henry Aldrich, son of David B., m. Mary Norwood, dr. of Charles Norwood. He lives in Orange, Mass. She d. Jan. 2, 1863. Had a child, d. in infancy. foseph Aldrich was f. s. on corner of L. i^, R. 3, on the west side of the road north of Benson's. Sands Aldrich, from Northbridge, 1836, m. Abi- gail ; had Sylvester, Sands, Daniel W., and Sally, d. Oct. 15, 1836. He d. Jan. 26, 1855, aged 75 ; she d. Jan. 27, 1868, aged 83. Sylvester Aldrich — Sands — m. Sarah, dr. of Abner Twitchell. He came to town about 1828 ; lived at first on the Twitchell place ; 1845, he bought of Augustus Cass the old Luke Cass farm, and there resided until his death, Sept. 20, 1874, aged 6^ ; had no children. She died June 25, 1876, aged 74. Sands Aldrich, Jr., — Sands — m. Betsy Amadon, dr. of Jeremiah ; removed from town. Paine Aldrich, son of Amasa, of Swansey, m. Hammond, sister of Joseph Newell, jr.'s wife. He bought, the Cook mills at North Richmond, 1820; TOWN OF RICHMOND. 267 he built over, or repaired, the same. He removed to Worcester about 18-30, and there acquired a compe- tency in building turn-tables. Had one son, Cy- renus, now living in Worcester. ALLEN. Three bearing this name appear among the early settlers of the town — Moses, Ezra, and Joseph — sons of Joseph and Lydia, of Mendon. The first two settled near each other, but Joseph bought a farm in the south-east part of the town. All of these came about 1767. Moses, only, permanently remained; the others removed from town prior to 1800. But few of the name remain. Jerahmeel and his son Eben are the only male representatives therein. Moses Allen, b. Nov. 30, 1745, ist m. Comfort Buffum, b. Dec. 10, 1745, dr. of Joseph Buffum, of Smithfield, and sister of Jedediah BufFum. He located on L. 9, R. 5, and built the house now stand- ing on the premises, 1771. The farm is now owned and occupied by Amos Martin. 2d m. Phebe Mc- Intyre. Had ten children by Comfort, viz. : Abra- ham, b. Sept. 25, 1768 ; Jerahmeel, b. May 11, 1770 ; Moses, b. May 25, 1772 ; Comfort, b. Aug. 12, 1774, m. Silas Boyce ; Hannah, b. Sept. 24, 1776, m. Reuben Bowen ; Abigail, b. Dec. 5, 1779,, m. Moses Emerson; Martha, b. June 3, 1781, m. Zephaniah Bowen; Margaret, b. Aug. 11, 1783, m. Martin Cass ; Sally, b. June 30, 1786, m. Daniel Cass ; Lydia, b. May 2, 1788, m. Sylvester Wicks, of Cranston, R. I. He d. 1824 ; Comfort d. Oct. 28, 1804 ; Phebe d. 1829. 268 HISTORY OF THE Ezra Allen, brother of Moses, b. Oct. i8, 1747, m. Lucy Mann, March 2, 1769; settled on the lot next south, L. 8, R. 5. His house stood about forty rods south of the road, on theridge towards the pond; an old cellar-place, and some fruit trees still indicate the spot. He was succeeded by his brother Olvin, who sold to Moses Allen, jr. Ezra removed from town prior to 1789, and died in Mendon, 1813. Had two children : Ruth, b. April 27, 1770, and Lydia, b. Dec. 3, 1772. Joseph Allen, b. Jan. 7, 1755, m. Mollie Barney, dr. of Constant, Dec. 27, 1776. He was the owner of the farm of which Jonathan and Nathan Cook were afterwards occupants. He sold to them, i797- ^^ was a soldier of the Revolution, and was in General Washington's army in New York, 1777- Abraham Allen — Moses --m. Kesiah Potter, Dec. 30, 1790. After his marriage he li^^ed a few years on a place between Tully Brook and Danvers Mar- tin's, on the north side of the road. A few old apple trees are still about the old house spot. He re- moved to Croydon, N. H., about 1800. Had three children. Jerahmeel Allen — Moses — ist m. Mary Thurber, dr. of Hezekiah, April 19, 1792 ; 2d m. Rachel Emerson, of Stoddard, Oct. 4, 1798 ; Mary d. Sept. 14, 1793. Had by Mary, Lilburn, b. April 5, 1793 ; and by Rachel had seven children, viz. : Melancy, b. Sept. 2, 1799, ist m. Otis Cass, 2d m. Nathaniel Kingsley; Hannah, b. April 18, 1802, m. Nathaniel Kingsley; Ezra, b. Oct. 1, 1805; Varnum, b. Oct. 8,1810; Lamira, b. Aug. 25, 1812 ; Mary, b. Oct. 2, 1814, m. Winslow Taylor; Orrin M., b. April 30, TOWN OF RICHMOND. 269 1817. He bought the east part of his father's farm. His buildings stood on the north side of the road, nearly opposite of where Benjamin Bliss now lives. He removed to the place now owned by Nathaniel Hills about 1839, ^^^ ^" i^S^j he, together with his sons, Varnum and Orrin M., removed to Tioga County, Penn. He was a blacksmith, and had a shop near his first place of residence. The buildings on the old place have been removed. He was over 90 when he died. Mioses Allen, jr. — Moses — m. Mary Dow, dr. of Nehemiah Dow, of Salisbury, N. H., Oct. 29, 1795. Had nine children, viz. : Sarah, b. Nov. 30, 1796, rn. Elijah Arnold, of. Smithfield ; Judith, b. Jan. 26, 1798, m. Jonathan M. Dow; Comfort, b. April 13, 1800, m. Daniel Johnson, of Lynn; BufFum, b. 1802, m. Eunice Allen, and lived in Lynn ; Ruth, b. Dec. 27, 1802, 1st m. David Randall, 2d m. ObeS Hark- ness ; Joanna, b. 1805, m. Richard Bowen ; Samuel D., b. 1807 ; Elizabeth, b. Dec. 8, 1809, m. Sumner Hewitt, and lives at Eagle Grove, Wright Co., Iowa ; Isquire S., d. young. He bought of his uncle Olvin, about 1795, the farm now owned and occupied by Mrs. S. D. Allen, and built the house now standing on the same about 1812-15. He d. 1861, aged 89; she d. 1843, aged 77. Lilburn Allen — Jerahmeel — Moses — ist m. Zil- pah Cass., dr. of Jonathan, Nov. 9, 1815 ; 2d m. widow Esther Whitcomb, dr. of Wilderness Martin. By Zilpah he had Lilburn, b. July 23, 1817, who m. widow Elizabeth Dustin, and removed to Pennsyl- vania and there d. April. 1880 ; Moses Ancil, b. Aug. 3, 1821, m. Elvira Whipple, dr. of Otis, sr. ; Mary, 270 HISTORY OF THE b. Feb. 27, 1825, m. Z. Anson Cass; Zimri, b. Oct. 8, 1828, m. Amie Martin, dr. of Stephen, from Bar- ton, Vt. All of these children moved to Pennsyl- vania, except Moses A., who lives in Fitzwilliam. By Esther he had Asa W., b. July 18, 1836, and Jerahmeel, b. Dec. 7, 1837. Mr. Lilburn, sr., lived on the farm north of the old Paul Boyce place, and sold the same to his sons Asa W. and Jerahmeel, and went to Tioga County, Penn., and lived with his son Zimri, where he d. March 20, 1881. Zilpah d. June 14, 1835, aged 43. Esther d. 1865. Ezra Allen — Jerahmeel — Moses — m. Emily Martin, dr. of John, son of Wilderness, and removed to Tioga County, Penn., 1848. Had Hannah, b. Sept. I, 1845 ; Ethan, b. Aug. 12, 1847. Samuel D. Allen — Moses — Moses — ist m. Har- riet Butterfield, dr. of lawyer Erastus Butterfield ; 2d m., April 12, 1866, Martha A. Foster, of Ashby. By Harriet he had two sons, viz. : Moses, b. 1842, and Milton, b. 1844. Moses enlisted in Company F., 14th New Hampshire regiment, and was killed at the battle of Winchester, Va., Sept. 19, 1864. Milton had the misfortune to lose a leg, which was ampu- tated at Keene. He removed to Wright County, Iowa, when he d. 1882. By Martha A. he had one dr., Lizzie A., b. March, 1867, m. Eben S. Allen, Oct. 25, 1882. Samuel D. bought his grandfather Allen's farm, and built the house now occupied by Mrs. W. C. Jillson. He moved to Wright county, Iowa, 1856, but returned at the breaking out of the Sioux war, and lived a while in the Friends' meeting- house, which he bought and repaired for a dwel- ling. He removed again to his father's place ; from TOWN OF RICHMOND. 27I thence he went to Ashby, where he d. 1870, aged 63. His wife Harriet d. April 12, 1865, aged 56. Moses A. Allen, son of Lilburn, m., June 30, 1857, Elvira, dr. of Otis Whipple; lives in Fitzwilliam, on the Phineas Howe place. No children. Asa W. Allen, son of Lilburn, m. June 17, 1871, Ellen S. Wells. He lived with his brother Jerahmeel on the home place a while, and then removed to the farm formierly owned by George Handy. He d., by suicide, May 8, 1876. Left no children. yerahmeel Allen, son of Lilburn, ist m. Melissa J. Swan, dr. of Ebenezer, son of Ebenezer, Dec. 9, i860 ; 2d m. Lydia L. Bowen, dr. of Zimri, June 29, 1875. Had by Melissa J., Eben S., b. Jan. 25, 1861. He is the present proprietor of the old Wake- field tavern at the Four corners. Melissa J. d. March 28, 1868. Had by Lydia, Asa Z., b. April 8, 1876 ; d. in infancy. Eben S. Allen — Jerahmeel — son of Lilburn, m., Oct. 25, 1882, Lizzie A. Allen, dr. of Samuel D., and lives on the farm with his wife's mother. Had Asa S., b. April 28, 1883. AMADON. yeremiah Amadon, b. March 31, 1780, m. Abigail Harwood, b. March 30, 1781 ; came from Uxbridge to Swansey, 1816; moved to Richmond, 1819; lived at V various places in town; finally bought the old Deacon John Cass farm, known as the Simeon Cook place, 1841. He d. Dec. 14, 1865, aged 87 ; she d. Aug. 16, 1871, aged 92. Had Maria, m. Loamma Green ; Abigail, m. Luther C. Curtis ; Cyrel, b. 272 HISTORY OF THE April 2, 1812; Martin, b. Aug., 1818 ; Betsy, m. Sands Aldrich, jr. ; Perley, b. July 15, 1821. Cyrel Amadon — Jeremiah — m., Nov. 27, 1834, Adaline, dr. of Richard Weeks ; lives at the Four corners, on the place built by A & W. Bassett. Had Alonzo, b. in Swansey, Aug. 19, 1835, d. Jan. 16, 1838 ; Frank, b. June 16, 1837 ; Andrew, b. Feb. 14, 1840; Julia, b. July 4, 1843; Henry, b. April 28, 1845 ; Estella, b. Aug. 20, 1850, d. Sept. 21, 1865. Perley Amadon, m., Nov. 29, 1843, Keziah, dr. of John Starkey ; lives on the Simon Cook farm, in a house once owned by William Weeks. Had Mary A., b. Feb. 26, 1845, m. Orlan Whipple ; Edwin E., b. Sept. 29, 1848; George E., d. in infancy. Frank Amadon — Cyrel — Jeremiah — m. Hattie J., dr; of Silas Whipple, the son of Otis ; she d. 1876; lives near the Sprague mills ; is engaged in the lum- ber business. Had by Hattie J. : Enez R., b. May 9, 1863 ; Emma E., b. June 16, 1867 ; two d. in in- fancy ; 2d m., Nov. 14, 1881, Lydia O., dr. of Alvan Barrus. Had by her an infant, b. Jan. 17, 1883. Andrew Amadon — Cyi'el — Jeremiah — m. Sil- oria, dr. of Zerah C. Goddard ; lives on the Zerah Goddard place, and owns the Sprague mills. Had Willie A., b. April 3, 1872; Daisy B., b. July 30, 1877. Henry Amadon — Cyrel — Jeremiah — m. Lucy Combs ; lives on the Abraham Arnold place. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 273 AMES. Luther Ames, from Brockton, Mass., ist m. Mary A. Spinney. She d. Feb. 25, 1880, aged 50; 2d m. Harriet L. widow of Ozra T. Cass, 1883. He lived on the Seth Curtis place from 1878 to 1881, and now resides on his wife's place. ANDERSON. yames Anderson, from Rhode Island, m. Nancy Parks. She d. 1873. Had seven children, three of whom live in town, viz. : Martha J., James B., and Mina R. James B. Anderson — James — m. Melissa J. Simonds ; lives in the Bowman Howe house. ARNOLD. Abraham Arnold, m., Feb. 13, 1794, Mary Bar- rus, dr. of Abraham Barrus. He lived on the Elisha Brighara place, now occupied by Henry Amadon. He removed to New York. Had Sarah, b. Oct. 29, 1794. Augustus Arnold, from Winchester, bought the Thornton mills about 1848. Had Andrew S., Au- gustus, and Lucy, who d. 1863. He d. Dec. 19, 1865. Andrew S. Arnold, son of Augustus, m, Emeline E. Kimpton, dr. of Samuel ; lived with his father ; is now in Somerville, Mass. ATHERTON. Jonathan and Solomon Atherton, from Attleboro', were among the first settlers. The year they came 18 274 HISTORY OF THE we are unable to determine from any record at hand, but incline to the belief that they may have made their entry as early as 1762 ; but the time tradition says they were here was 1758, which is quite doubt- ful. Jonathan Atherton m. Amey Saben, Dec. 6, 1770. Had nine children, viz. : Jonathan, b. Oct. 27,- 1771, d. Oct. 29, 1771 ; Orinde, b. Jan. 30, 1774, d. March 13, 1774; Jonathan, b. Jan. 17, 1776, d. young; Peltiah, b. Jan. 31, 1778, d. Feb. 26, 1778; Saben, b. Jan. 15, 1779 ; Jonathan, b. March 11,1781 ; Amey, b. Oct. 28, 1783, m. James Kelton ; Sarah, b. Dec. 28. 178-, m. Samuel Bliss ; Samuel, b. Jan. 29, 1790, m. Patience Tyler, and moved to Attleboro'. Mr. Atherton settled on L. 3, R. 12, and the place has been kept in the family name to the present time. He d. Aug. 20, 1814, aged 76 ; she d. April 23, 1800, aged 53. Saben Atherton — Jonathan — m. Nancy Reed, Jan., 1806. Had Alvan, b. Nov. 9, 1806; Amey, b. June 26, 1813, m. Willard Forbes. He, together with his brother Jonathan, lived on the old home- stead. He was on the board of selectmen three years. He d. Feb. 22, 1841, aged 62 ; she d. Nov. 29, 1832, aged 49. Jonathan Atherton, p-. — Jonathan — m. Azubah Bliss of Royalston. Had nine children, viz. : Jonathan B., b. Dec. 29, 1810; Samuel, b. March 26, 1812 ; Mary, b. Feb. 27, 1815, m. Asahel Jewell, d. Sept. 30, 1881 ; Eliza, b. Jan. 11, 1817, d. Sept. 20, 1849; Rhoda, b. Feb. 11, 1819, d. Jan. 31, 1824; Julia A., b. June 11, 1821, d. June 12, 1824 ; ■ Sarah N., b. April 14, 1823, d. Jan. 11, 1824 ; Rhoda E., b. Feb. 10, 1826, d. Sept. 28, 1880, m. Henry TOWN OF RICHMOND. 275 Holman ; William, b. April 4, 1828, m. Emily A. Bliss. He, with his brother Saben, inherited their father's farm, and lived together in the same house. He removed to Winchester, 1835. ^^ ^^^ ^ justice of the peace, representative to the General Court five times, selectman seven years, and moderator at the annual meetings fifteen years. Alvan Atherton — Saben — Jonathan — m. Mary Ann Stearns, of Warwick, June 10, 1835. He re- mained on the old homestead, and had the whole farm after his uncle moved to Winchester. He was on the board of selectmen four years. Had eight children, viz.: Nancy A., b. May 22, 1836; A. Halsey, b. Aug. 12, 1837; Eunice A., b. Feb. 14, 1839, ^- Sept. 24, 1841 ; Ann M., b. July 13, 1840, d. Oct. 10, 1841 ; Arlon S., b. April 4, 1842 ; Maria A., b. April 9, 1844, d. Dec. 27, 1867; William S., b. March 7, 1846; David L.. b. March 9, 1848, d. Oct. 4, 1871. He d. Dec. 28, 1863 ; she d. Nov. 12, 1876. A. Halsey Atherton, son of Alvan, m. Esther S. Swan, dr. of James, June 19, 1868. He lived on the old place until the house built by his great-grand- father was destroyed by fire, 1878. Since then he has removed to Winchester. None bearing the Ath- erton name now remain in town. Had four children : Mary E., b. April 6, 1869; Cora L., b. June 10, 1872 ; James A., b. May 9, 1876; Willie S., b. July 20, 1881 ; d. Feb. 19, 1882. Solomon Atherton ist m. Doroty ; 2d m. Mary Alexander, Jan. 9, 1794. Had by Doroty : Samuel, b. Aug. 27, 1766; Elizabeth, b. Feb. 19, 1768; Simeon, b. Dec. 31, 1769; Rufus, b. May 3, 1773. 276 HISTORY OF THE By Mary had Lemuel, b. April 27, 1778, d. 1851. His place was on L. 4, R. 12, and generally known as the Reuben Rich place. The buildings are now demolished, and the farm is growing up to wood. He d. Nov. 15, 1813, aged 73. Simeon Atherton — Solomon — m. Peggy Barrus, dr. of John Barrus, April 17, 1797. No other record of family. BABCOCK. Ebenezer Babcock, from Swansey, m. Mahala, dr. of Hon. Joseph Weeks. He served apprenticeship with Daniel Bassett at the tanning and currying business, removed to Winchester about 1830. Re- mained there a short time, and then removed to Swanton, Vt., and from thence went to Blackhawk County, Iowa., where he bought a large tract of land, and was at last account engaged in farming and in land speculation. BAKER. Eleazer Baker, blacksmith, lived in the corner- house, opposite Peregrine Wheeler's, from 1806 to 1814, and worked in the shop at that place. BALL. Daniel Ball, from Troy, m., Dec. 3, 1815, Han- nah, dr. of Elder Nathaniel BoUes ; lived a while on the road west of Elias Taylor's, about 1840. No record of family. BALLARD. Dr. Stefhen Ballard, m. sister of Josiah Hix. He lived on the place which was south of Dennis Hark- TOWN OF RICHMOND. 277 ness', and now constitutes 4 part of his farm. Had Anna, m. Joseph Weeks, Esq. ; and a son, Silas. BALLOU. Four families of Ballous and their descendants comprise all of the name that have lived in town. Marturin, James, and Jesse, were nearly the first on their respective lots, although on James', as also on Jesse's, there probably was a part cleared and a log-house on the same, before he came. Jared, who came some years after the others, bought an improved farm. All the Ballous now living in town are descendants of James. The an- cestral head of nearly all the Ballous from Rhode Island, was Maturin Ballou, an immigrant to Provi- dence, R. I., about 1640, who was contemporary with Roger Williams, and has been described as a French Huguenot, and in some publications of a recent date as a minister of the Baptist faith, the latter of which was probably incorrect. The Maturin- Ballou Family. The following items of interest in relation to the genealogy of the family, with general remarks relating to various members of the same, are extracted from the biography of Hosea Ballou : — In relation to the genealogy of the family, we have it in detail as far back, on the paternal side, as his great-great-grandfather, Mat- teaurian Ballou, — so the name was spelled by him, — who came from England, though a Frenchman by descent, about the year 1640. He occupied a portion of a royal grant of land about that time purchased from the Narragansett tribe of Indians by an agent of the crown ; this tract was situated in the present state of Rhode 278 HISTORY OF THE Island, where descendants of the family still reside. This Matteau- rian Ballou's oldest son was named John, whose second son was named Matteaurian, who also had a son named Matteaurian, who in turn had eleven children — six sons and five daughters, the youngest of the family being named Hosea, the subject of these memoirs. His father, Rev. Maturin Ballou, was remarkable for his unosten- tatious manner, his forgiving spirit and meekness, and the strict consistency of a life devoted, as he truly believed, to the service and glory of his Divine Master. He remained a highly respected and influential member of the Baptist church until the time of his death, at the age of eighty-two years. Benjamin, the oldest, was a man of strict integrity, and possessed a penetrating and powerful intellect. For some years the power of early influences and associations moulded his life, and he preached the Baptist religion, but was sub- sequently converted to Universalism by his younger brother Hosea, and lived and died in its faith, continuing to the good old age of eighty-two. This was the grandfather of Rev. Dr. Ballou of Med- ford, Mass., Rev. Wm. S. Ballou, of Stafford, Vt., and Rev. Levi Ballou of Orange, Mass. David was the third son, and he also preached the Baptist faith, but like the eldest brother, was erelong persuaded of the truth of the doctrine of universal salvation, which he preached for many years, possessing a strong and well balanced mind and powerful argumentative abilities. He died at the age of eighty-two. This was the father of Rev. Moses Ballou of Bridge- port, Ct. The fourth son was named Nathan, a man of remarkable mental and physical strength, who gave his attention mainly to ag- ricultural pursuits, and who lived to be nearly eighty years of age. This was the grandfather of Rev. Russell A. Ballou of West Bridge- water, Mass. Stephen was the fifth son, and combining many of the best qualities of his elder brothers, and possessing a most up- right and conscientious disposition, was yet remarkable for the en- dowment of a large degree of native wit and humor. He also de- voted himself to agriculture, and lived to nearly the age of seventy. All these brothers were possessed of a handsome competency, real- ized by their own economy and industry. The daughters were variously espoused, and lived, all but one, who died at the age of twenty, to be venerable and honored in years, and with a numerous offspring. On the maternal side these children were descended from Lydia Harris, daughter of Richard Harris, who, like his ancestors, was a Quaker. His forefathers came to this country to escape the persecu- tion of the seventeenth century in England, when the infatuated Charles was oppressing his subjects by restricting the freedom of industry and billeting soldiers upon the people in times of peace, when the private papers of citizens were searched on mere suspic- TOWN OF RICHMOND. 279 ion, and when the bigoted Laud ruled with as high a hand and reck- less a purpose in the church as his royal master did in the state. Citizens claiming the right of freely uttering what they honestly believed to be true on the subject of religion were fined, whipped, and imprisoned. Ministers and educated citizens were branded on the forehead, their noses slit and their ears cropped for dissenting from Popish rites and ceremonies. To escape such intolerable per- secution Quakers crossed the ocean. But, alas 1 persecution fol- lowed them even in the wilds of America. Individuals who had left home, friends, country, and all for the privilege of worshipping the Almighty after the dictates of their own consciences, did not hesitate to deny others that privilege for which they had themselves sacri- ficed so much, simply because theydiifered from thera in form o faith. Rev. Maturin Ballon, the first minister in Rich- mond, was b. Oct. 30, 1722 ; m. Lydia, dr. of Richard Harris, of Smithfield, R. I. ; was father of the celebrated Rev. Hosea Ballon, and was the fourth in descent from the original Maturin afore- named ; and his lineage runs through Peter, his father, to John, his grandfather, who was the eldest son of the first Maturin ; hence the subject of our notice was the great-grandson of the first of the name. Rev. Thomas Whittemore, speaking of Ma- turin, in his "Life of Hosea Ballon," says that — Maturin was not educated for the ministry, but he began to preach in Smithfield, 1752, at the age of 30. He preached in Paw- tucket, and afso at Scituate, and thence he removed to Richmond, 1767 or 1768. Richmond had been settled by a few families from Massachusetts and Rhode Island, about 1757, and among others were Anthony and Uriah Harris, brothers of Maturin's wife. She also had two sisters, Mrs. Sweet and Mrs. Phillips. On making a visit to these relatives, he was in- vited to take up his abode among them, which soon, after he did, in 1768. He was by trade a maker of old-time spinning wheels, and these he continued to make for many years. His first wife died i773i ^"d 28o HISTORY OF THE he m. Lydia Blois, of Attleboro', 1774- By his first wife he had eleven children. He d. 1805, and was buried in the Benson cemetery, marked by a stone inscribed with simply the letters "M. B." Mary, b. in Rhode Island, Oct. 30, 1745, m. David Bullock, Oct 17, 1771 ; Benjamin, b. Nov. 8, 1747, moved to Vermont, was grandfather of Hosea, 2d; Amey, b. June 6, 1750, d. 6 years old; Lydia, b. Oct. 21, 1852, m. Samuel Moses of Warwick, Feb. II, 1773; Maturin, b. July 8, 1755, was a Baptist preacher, d. at the age of 35 ; David, b. Sept. 15, 1758; Nathan, b. Sept. 9, 1760, m. Mary Holbrook and moved to Vermont; Sarah, b. May 4, 1763, m. Moses Wheaton, Oct. 14, 1781 ; Phebe, b. May 24, 1765, d. young; Stephen, b. in Richmond, Sept. 6, 1768, removed to the state of New York; Hosea, b. in Richmond, April 30, 1871 ; m. Ruth Wash- burn. Nathan Ballou — Maturin — m. Mary Holbrook, dr. of Peter, Nov. 19, 1786. He remained on the old place with his father until about 1804, when he removed to Munroe, Mass., where he d. Aug. 4, 1838, aged 78 years. Had seven children, viz. : Maturin, b. March 19, 1788 ; Lydia, b. Jan. 29, 1790; Polly, b. April 11, 1792; Raney^j b. March II, 1795 ; Olive, b. March 26, 1797 ; Anna, b. April II, 1799; Moses, b. Aug. 18, 1800. David Ballou — Maturin — ist m. Mercy Harris, dr. of Anthony, Jan. 7, 1781 ; 2d m. Polly Gushing, ^of Putney, Vt., Feb. 6, 1791 ; 3d m. Chloe Tyler, dr. of Moses Tyler, Esq., April 2, 1798. He settled near the old road leading from the Crooker place to David Buffum's, on L. 11, R. 7, 1787. He removed TOWN OF RICHMOND. 28 1 to Munroe, Mass., about 1800. He began preach- ing, 1789, at the age of 31 ; was first a Baptist, but afterwards a Universalist, which faith he continued to preach in Munroe and neighboring towns, until nearly the close of his life. He d. Dec. 20, 1840, aged 83. His wife Mercy d. April 28, 1789; Polly d. May 11, 1797; Chloe d. about 1846. Had nine children, viz. : By Mercy, had Tamar, b. April 20, 1784, m. Jonathan Frost, of Sudbury ; Levi, b. Aug. 29, 1785; Silas, b. Jan. 27, 1789. By Polly had Leavitt, b. Sept. 20, 1792;, David, b. Sept. 28, 1796. By Chloe had Chloe, b. July 23, 1799, m. Rev. Joseph Barber; Mercy H., b. Nov. 27, 1800; Moses, b. May 24, 181 1 ; John, b. March 16, 1813. Hosea Ballou — Maturin — m. Ruth Washburn, of Williamstown, 1796. The following brief sketch of the life of Richmond's most distinguished son is taken from the " Life of Hosea Ballou," written by his son Maturin M. Ballou, of Boston : — Hosea Ballou was born April 30, 1771, in the town of Richmond, N. H., a small village situated in the county of Cheshire, in the southern part of the state, at that time little more than an un- cleared wilderness. The site of his birthplace is now a most attractive place in a valley scooped out from the rough hills and mountains of the granite state, and known as Ballou's dale, sur- rounded by the most romantic scenery, the beauties of which he used to dwell upon in after years, and to sing their praise in verse. The neighboring country is of a bold and rugged character, and is to this day but thinly settled. "It was here that he first drew breath in an humble cottage home among the hills. At the age of sixteen he left the paternal roof for the first time, and made a journey to Guilford, Vt.,a distance of about forty miles from Rich- mond. Here he visited an elder brother, and after working with him upon his farm through the season, returned to his father's house again in the fall. About one year from the time of his first visit to Guilford, he visited another brother, who resided in Putney, 282 HISTORY OF THE Vt., where he also labored for a season upon the farm, and in the fall returned to Richmond. At the age of i8, he went to Smith- field, R. I., where many of his relatives on the paternal side were settled. He remained in' Smithfield but about six months, again returning to the place of his nativity. At the age of 19,' there being what vvas teiTned a. reformation in the town of Richmond, Mr. Ballou was induced, believing it to be his duty, to become a pro- fessor of religion, and accordingl3' at that time joined the Baptist church of which his father was pastor, in the month of -January, ■1789. He soon after attended a school at the ;Erierids' mfeeting- house, and there first studied grammar; afterwards went to the Chesterfield academy one or two terms. He commenced preaching Universalism when he was twenty years of age. He became a settled minister in the town of Dana in i794-'95, and supplied the societies of Oxford and Char^on.. When' he was 30 years old, he was induced to accept of the invitations of the towns of Woodstock, Hartland, and Barnard, Vt., making the latter place his home. After the expiration of six years frorh the time of his first settle- ment in Barnard, he accepted the invitation of the society of Ports- . mouth, N. H., 1807. He removed to Salem, 1815, and from thence to Boston, after remaining in Salem a little more than two years, and became the pastor of the second Universalist society. He was ^theh45 years old. He was installed, Dec. 15, 1817, in the church which was built with the avowed purpose of obtaining his minis- terial services, and here he continued to preach to the people for over thirty-five years. He was the 'editor of the " Universalist Magazine " and " Universalist Expositor," and the author of various [works on theology. He depar'ted this life, June 7, 1852, aged 81 years. Hosea Ballou: always retained a strong attachment to the place of his nativity, which often found ex- expression in verse. His biographer says : — He was often inspired to pour out his feelings in song after visit- ing Richmond and the haunts of his youth, for his heart was full of the memories of those days that had endeared the spot to him. The following lines upon this subject were com- posed for his children to sing with instrumental accompaniment, and are written in the metre of one of his favorite songs, the air of Dumbarton's " Bonny Belle " : — ^LLO-T^iln-mT Innil, TOWN OF RICHMOND. 283 Ballou's Dell. There are no hills in Hampshire New, No valleys half so fair, As those which spread before the view In merry Richmond, where I first ray mortal race began, And passed my youthful days ; Where first I saw the golden sun, And felt his warming rays. There is no spot in Richmond where Fond memory loves to dwell. As on the glebe outspreading there In Ballou's blithsome dell. There are no birds that sing so sweet As those upon the spray. Where, from the brow of Grassy hill, Comes forth the morning ray. Unnumbered flowers, the pride of spring. Are born to flourish there. And round them mellow odors fling Through all the ambient air. There purling springs have charms for me That vulgar brooks ne'er give, And winds breathe sweeter down the lea Than where magnolias live ! The James-Ballou Family. James Ballou, b. Dec. lo, 1723, was the son of James, who was the son of James, the second son of the first Maturin, whose pedigree runs James — James — James — Maturin — consequently great-grandson to the latter, m. June 7, 1744, Tamasin, dr. of Daniel Cook, of Mendon. She was b. June 16, 1725 ; 2dm. wid. Huldah Carpenter, June 19, 1806, probably a near 284 HISTORY OF THE relative of Ozial's wife. He came from Cumberland, 1773, being fifty years of age, and settled on the farrn where Ozial, Esek, and Henry Ballon have since lived. The place previously appears to have been occupied by one Thos. Josslin, of whom we only know that he had a wife and five children. Mr. Ballon had a family of 11 children, all born before he came. He d. Jan. 21, 1812, aged 89. Tamasin d. Apr. 25, 1804, aged 79. His children were Seth, b. Feb. 20, 1748 ; Olive, b. May 13, 1751, m. Preserved Whipple ; Silas, b. Feb. '24, 1753 ; Susanna, b. June 16, 1755, m. Nathan Harkness ; Ozial, b. July 11, 1757 ; Tamasin, b. June 29, 1759, ™" ^^- Ebenezer Swan ; James, b. April 25, 1761 ; Russell, b. July 11, 1763 ; Aaron, b. Sept. 25, 1766; Daniel, b. May 26, 1768, andPi-iscilla, b. Jan. 3, 1772, m. Nathaniel Bullock, Feb. 28, 1790. She d. Mar. 10, 1793. She had Esther, b. Apr. 30, 1791 ; Nathaniel, b. Feb. 23, 1793. Set/i Ballou — James — m. widow Margaret Hil- ton, settled on the lot east of his father, L. 4, R. 3, the place recently occupied by James Ballou. He was in the company that marched to the defence of Ticondei-oga in the war of the Revolution, 1777. He d. Sept. 15, 1778. His widow m. a Mr. Garish, and d. 1808. Had Seth, b. Sept. 21, 1767 : John, b. March 5, 1774, ™- Nov. 29, 1792, Betsey, dr. of John Pickering, moved to Wallingford, Vt. ; Margaret, m. John Benson, settled in Jackson, Penn. ; Hattie, m. James Dandly, and settled in Attica, N. Y. Silas Ballou — James — m. Hannah Hilton, April 17, 1774. His farm was partly in Royalston, and the state line passed through his house. His residence TOWN OF RICHMOND. 285 for town purposes was conceded to be in Richmond. David Bullock appears to have been the first settler on the place, and probably built the old house which stood on the line. The farm recently was owned and occupied by widow Lucy Paine. The present build- ings are some rods south of the old house spot, and wholly in Royalston. He did service for his country as a privateersman in the Revolutionary war, but in what vessel, or from what port he sailed, does not appear. He was a school-teacher, and frequently kept a school at his house during the winter months. He was well versed in the common branches and in the higher mathematics. A knowledge of these he acquired without the assistance of schools or col- leges, being pre-eminently self-educated. He had a special genius for writing poetry ; was author of a hymn-book, also of many popular songs of the period, and poems on miscellaneous subjects. He died 1837, and was buried in a small yard beside the road on his farm, and no stone marks the last resting-place of the earthly remains of Richmond's greatest poet. Had seven children, viz.: Silas, b. April 5, 1777; Susanna, b. Dec. 17, 1779, m. Benjamin Mann; Patience, b. June 22, 1782, m. Abner Dawson, of Shrewsbury, Vt. ; Rebecca, b. 1784; Urania, b. Aug. 19, 1786, m. Ezekiel Streeter; Silvia, b. May 23, 1788, m. Thomas Boyce ; Olney, b. Aug. 8, 1797. The following, entitled "Perry's Victory," which was written soon after that historic event, and was widely circulated throughout the country, and Hymn No. 113, selected from his hymn book, are fair specimens of his style of versification. He d. May 27, 1837 ; she d. Feb. 10, 1837 : — 286 HISTORY OF THE Perry" ^ Victory — Old Song. Ye tars of Columbia ! give ear to my story, Who fought with brave Perry where cannons did roar, Your valor has gained you an immortal glory, A fame that shall last until time is no more. Columbian tars are the true sons of Mars, They rake fore and aft when they fight on the deep ; On the bed of Lake Erie, commanded by Perry, They caused many a Briton to take his last sleep On the tenth of September, let us all remember, As long as the earth on its axis rolls round. Our tars and marines on Lake Erie were seen To make the proud flag of Great Britain come down, The van of our fleet the British did meet. Commanded by Perry, the Lawrence bore down ; The guns they did roar with such terrific power That savages trembled at the dreadful sound. The Lawrence sustained a most dreadful fire ; She fought well for one or two glasses or more ; And Perry undaunted did firmly stand by her, And on the proud foe heavy broadsides did pour. Her masts being shattered, her rigging all tattered. Her booms and her yards being all shot away. And few men left on deck to manage the wreck. Our hero on board her no longer could stay. In this situation, the pride of our nation Sure heaven had guarded unhurt all the while; While many a hero maintaining his station. Fell close by his side and was thrown on the pile. Regardless of danger, to fear quite a stranger He ordered the sailors the pinnace to launch, With his star banner waving, of all perils now braving, He quitted the wreck for a vessel more staunch. The bold British lion now roared his last thunder. As Perry attacked him close in the rear; But Columbia's eagle soon made him crouch under. And roar out for quarter as soon you shall hear. Oh ! had you been there, I vow and declare. So great a fight you had ne'er seen before ; Six or eight bloody flags no longer could wag, All laid at the feet of our bold commodore. TOWN OF BICHMOND. 287 I Brave Elliot, whose valor must now be recorded, On board the Niagara he well played his part, His gallant assistance to Perry afforded, We place him the second on Lake Erie's chart, In the midst of the battle where guns they did rattle, The Lawrence a wreck and her men most all slain, Away he did steer and brought up the rear, And by this manceuvre the victory did gain. The battle thus ended, the victory splendid. Rejoiced every freeman that loves the fair land, To find that our seamen, tho' but sturdy freemen. Could cope with John Bull on the sea or the land. The whole British fleet was captured complete, Not one single vessel from us got away, And prisoners some hundreds, Columbians wondered To see them all anchored and moored in our bay. May heaven still smile on the shades of these heroes, Who fought in this conflict their country to save ; To check the proud spirit of the murdering Neroes Who wish to divide us and make us all slaves. Columbians sing and make the woods ring, And toast the brave heroes by sea and by land ; While Britons drink sherry, Columbians Perry, And pass it around with a full glassjn hand. Hymn CXIII. Salvation infinite, but faith and hope finite. Come, let us take a short survej', ' And see what's from an endless day; Come, let us search with faithful eyes, And see what doth in time arise. Salvation was in Christ the Son, Before Creation was begun ; From endless ages it was sure, To endless ages will endure. But things that do to time pertain. Will pass away in time again ; All that begins in time, my friend, In time will surely have an end. 288 HISTORY OF '^'HE I find that faith and unbelief, And sickness, sorrow, pain, and grief. Did not exist till time begun, Nor can exist when lime is done. By this I find that unbelief Cannot support immortal grief; Nor faith, nor hope, eternal peace. Because, when time is done, they cease. When spirits leave their mortal dust, Then they return to God the Just, Where there is neither sin nor grief. Nor faith, nor hope, nor unbelief Man hopes for that he has not got ; Has faith in that which he sees not; In what he sees there Is no faith. Nor can he hope for that he hath. Our spirits soar from whence they came. But not in guilt and sin and shame ; Nothing unclean can ever bear Admittance or an entrance there. When the Redeemer's blood was spilt. His blood atoned for every guilt, In whom we all presented are Before the Father, clean and fair. Ozial Ballou — James — m. Dec. 7, 1790, Hannah Robinson, of Cumberland. He lived on the old place with his father, and after his wife's death he and his son Esek continued on the same place, and had no housekeeper during the remainder of each of their lives. He d. June 23, 1838; she d. Oct. 6, 1818. Had five children, viz. : Ozial, b. June 6, 1794, d. 1818; Ebenezer, b. Aug. 20, 1796; Tamma, b. April 19, 1799, m. Joseph Davis; Esek, b. Aug. 23, 1808, who lived on the old place, and was un- James Ballou, Jr.'s House. See page 281 MRS. GARFIELD'S EARLY HOME. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 289 maxried, and d. there April 29, 1858 ; James, b. Dec. 30, 1810, d. about 1830 ; was a school-teacher, and a young man of much promise. yames Ballou,jr. — James — m. Mehitable, dr. of Henry Ingalls, Esq., Nov. 5, 1786. His residence at first was on the east side of the road, south of his father's. An excavation, observable in passing along the road, marks the spot where it stood. In one part of his house he occasionally kept a school, the scholars belonging to the families in the neighbor- hood. He remained here until about 1803, when he removed to the place now occupied by Roscoe Weeks, where he kept a public house and store until his death, Oct. 15, 1808. His family, after his decease, removed to Worcester, in the state of New York, whither had gone Henry Ingalls, Esq., Mrs. Ballou's father. This is the James Ballon known throughout the country as the grandfather of the lamented Presi- dent Garfield. Eliza Ballou Garfield, or, as her name is recorded, Elizabeth Ballou, the president's mother, visited the scenes of her childhood, accom- panied by her distinguished son, 1874. ^^^ remem- bered, with remarkable distinctness, many of the things in and around the old homestead, a photograph of which is herewith presented, together with the pic- ture of Mrs. Garfield. Had seven children, viz. : James, b. March 15, 1788, d. July 19, 1789; James, b. Oct. 15, 1794; Henry, b. Sept. 6, 1796; Hitty and Rufus (twins), b. March 15, 1799, Rufus d. April 6, 1799; Elizabeth, b. Sept. 21, 1801 ; and Alpha, b. May 19, 1806. Russell Ballou — James — ist m. Henrietta Al- drich, of Attleboro', Feb. 23, 1783 ; 2d m. widow 19 290 HISTORY OF THE Bebe Mellen, of Swansey. He lived first where Dennis Harkness now does ; thence removed to Royalston, on the farm now owned by Silas Whipple, and built the house now standing on the premises. After the death of his first wife he removed to Swan- sey, and lived on the Mellen's place until his death, Nov. 10, 1847, aged 84. His wife Henrietta d. June 8, 1827, aged 67 ; his wife Bebe d. 1854. Had by Henrietta eight children, viz. : Betsey, b. Oct. 6, 1783, m. Royal Blanding ; Amey, b. Oct. 27, 1785 ; Nicene, b. March 6, 1788, m. Abel Bliss; Asquire, b. May 8, 1792 ; Russell, b. 1794, moved to Daritur, N. Y. ; Luther, b. Sept. 7, 1797 ; Priscilla, b. Jan. 25, 1800, d. May 8, 1814 ; and Olive, b. Aug. 29, 1803, m. Jacob Boyce. His children were probably all born in Richmond. Aaron Ballon — James — m., Sept. 8, 1786, Cath- erine, dr. of Thomas Bowen. First lived on the Silas Gaskill or Ebenezer Ballou farm, and after- wards on a place north-east of Reuben Bowen's, and from thence he removed to Lisbon, N. H., 1801. Had eight children, viz. : Olive, b. June 19, 1787 ; Esther, b. Dec. 22, 1788 ; Mary, b. Sept. 30, 1791 ; Otis, b. Aug. 25, 1793; Aaron, b. May 10, 1795; Ira, b. Feb. 9, 1797 ; Catherine, b. March 20, 1799; Lovicea, b. April 19, 1801. He d. 1807. She 2d m. Henry Gale ; 3d m. John Bley, of Lyndon. Daniel Ballou — James — m., April 8, 1787, Mary Hix. His place was near Mrs. Aaron Mellen's. Had four children, viz. : Mary, b. May 3, 1791 ; Royal, b. Aug. 7, 1792; Daniel, b. Feb. 11, 1795 ; Dennis, b. Dec. 16, 1797. He d. in Truxton, Cort- land Co., N. Y., Dec, 1806. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 29I Seth Ballou, jr. — Seth — James — m., Feb. i, 1789, Sarah, dr. of Henry Aldrich. He occupied his father's place. Had Seth, b. Feb. 1790, m. Mercey Levett, of Liverraore, Me., he d. there; Sally, b. Nov. 29, 1791, m. Olney Ballou ; Lovina, b. April 27, 1794, m. Nathaniel Bullock, jr., Nov. 10, 1815, she d. May i, 1836; Henry, b. 1797; Amasa, m. Dilla, dr. of Benjamin Man, by whom he had dr. El- vira, he left her and went to Ohio ; Abner, m. Brit- tania, dr. of Reuben Bowen, he went to Me., and finally left his wife and went to N. Y. ; James, b. April 24, 1804 ; Betsey, m. Orison Curtis ; John, lives in Cleveland, Ohio. He d. Nov. 23, 1820; she d. June 3, 1853. Henry Ballou — Seth — Seth — James — m. Sibyl Briggs. He lived first on the Aaron Mellen place, 1845 removed to the old Jona. Sweet place, where he d. 1855, aged 57. Shed. Mar. 8, 1876. He was a blacksmith, and had a shop at both places. Had ten children, viz. Henry,. b. July 12, 1818 ; Lysander, b. Sept. 10, 1820; Sibyl, b. June 6, 1822, m. James A. Mellen; Lavona, b. Jan. 14, 1823, m.Amasa Ballou, d. 1844; Hosea, b. July 5, 1825, m. Lurinda Ballou, dr. of Silas 3d, was in the U. S. Army, 1865, and has not been heard from since ; Joel, b. Aug. 25, 1827, lives in Peterboro' ; Emeline, b. Dec. 28, 1829, m. Barton Grant, d. 1861 ; Betsey, b. Feb. 2, 1832 ; Al- mira, b. July 10, 1835, ™- Anderson Aldrich; Mi- randa, b. Sept. 10, 1837, d. 1847. Henry Ballou, jr. — Henry — Seth — Seth — James — m.,July4, 1841, Alsaida, dr. of Silas Ballou 3d, son of Jesse. Has the old farm, successively occupied 292 HISTORY OF THE by James, Ozial, and Esek. Had Alden F., b.July I, 1842, d. in the late war, Sept. 2,1863 ; Lysander, b. March 29, 1845, d. Oct. 31, 1862 ; Charles L. b. Nov. 27, 1847, d. July 2,1878; Henry D., b. March 23, 1850, d. April II, 1851 ; Fred. L., b. March 23, 1851, d. Oct. 8, 1857 ; Emma A., b. April 19, 1853 ; Herbert L.,b. Aug. 25, 1858; Arthur P., b. Feb. 16, 1862. Lysander Ballou — Henry — Seth — Seth — James — is unmarried, lives on the Samuel Sprague place with his sister Betsey. His mother was with him until her death in 1876. yames Ballou — Seth — Seth — James — m. Polly Handy, dr. of George. He remained on the home- stead of his father, and had nine children, viz., Emily E., b. June 20, 1829, m. B. F. Barton ; Harriet A., b. Dec. 4, 1830, m. Dr. I. W. Russell; Lavina, b. Feb. 25, 1832, m. Henry Holden ; Elvira A., b. May 12, 1834, d. Oct. 12, 1836 ; S. Jane, b. June 17, 1836, m. Ghas. Parker, d. Jan. 6, 1862 ; Loansa, b. Nov. 8, 1839, m Marcus Howard ; James Monroe, b. Sept. 24, 1841 ;John Madison, b.July 24, 1843 ; Aletia A. b. Sept. 20, 1846, m. Chas. Safford, and d. Jan. 12, 1884; Millard Fillmore, b. April 15, 1849. He d. April 4, 1872, aged 68. Silas Ballou, jr. — Silas — James — m. Elizabeth, dr. of Samuel Curtis, sr., Jan. 1795, lived at various places in town. Had Israel, b. 1797, left home at age 21, and never returned ; Silas, b. 1799, m. Desire Carr, lived in Blackstone, Mass., d. 1881 ; Hannah, b. 1800, m. Smith Bates, settled in Ellisburg, N. Y., had seven children, d. 1835 ! Martha, b. 1802, m. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 293 Phineas Streeter, 1829, had one son, lives in Hartford, she d. 1872 ; Olive, b. 1804, m. Daniel Boorn, 1822, had eleven children, moved to Iowa, d. 1872 ; Sam- uel, b. 1808, d. 1825 ; Patience, b. May 21, 1810, m. Hollis Whipple, 1830, has three children ; Noah, b. Jan. 10, 1813, m. Miss Carr, had two children, he lost wife and children and then went to sea and never returned; Aurella, b. Dec. 23, 1815, m. Ichabod' Whipple 3d, 1833, had five children ; Rhoda, b. Aug. 12, 1818, m. S. S. Joy, 1840, had Sarah E., who m. Henry K. White, 1874. She lives near Boston. Olney Ballon — Silas — James — m. Sally, dr. of Seth Ballon 3d, Jan. 27, 1820. He lived on the old place until after his father's decease, when he removed to Vt., and again went to Newfield, N. Y. Had two children, viz. : Flora, b. Oct. 21, 1822, m. Moses Gore, May 21, 1843 ; Harvey, b. Dec. 13, 1823, m. Melinda J. Coates, May 24, 1846. They live in New- field, Tompkins Co., N. Y. Ebenezer Ballou — Ozial — James — m. Dec. 31, 1815, Mary, dr. of John Boyce. He had the farm next north of his father, the Silas Gaskill place. Had four children, viz. : Roxie, b. 1816, d. 1823 ; Olive, b. June 10, 1818, m. Moses Nichols, jr. ; Ozial and Ebenezer, twins, b. June 25, 1820, Ozial remains in town, Ebenezer lives in Gardner, Mass. He d. 1821 ; she lives with her dr. Olive in Florida, Vt. Ozial Ballou — Ebenezer — Ozial — James — ist m., April 2, 1842, Emily, dr. of Silas Ballou 3d, son of Jesse; 2d m. Lorinda, sister of Emily. He lives on the Anthony Corey farm, or the place first settled by 294 HISTORY OF THE James VVestcoat. Has nine children, by Emily six, viz. : Henry, b. May 27, 1842 ; Emily J., b. Feb. 13, 1844; MaryA.,b. June3,i846; Sarah L., b. Aug. 26, 1848; Ozial A., b. June 21, 1851, d. May 14, 1883 ; John F., b. July 28, 1853. By Lorinda : Willie J., b. Oct. II, 1856 ; Eugene W., b. June 28, 1858 ; George M., b. Sept. 27, i860. yames M. Ballou — James — Seth — Seth — James — 1st m. Sarah Jane, dr. of Wheaton Jillson, 2d m., 1875, Harriet L. Ripley, of Swansey. He lives in East Swansey. Had three children by Sarah Jane, Aimer J., Mary E., d. ; Lizzie O., d. John M. Ballou — James — Seth — Seth — James — m. Lucinda Botting, lives in Fitchburg. "John F. Ballou — Ozial — Ebenezer — Ozial — James — m., March 2, 1874, Jennie, dr. of Luke Ellor. He owns the Martin Cass farm. Willie y. Ballou — Ozial — Ebenezer — Ozial — James — m. June 24, 1880, Amie, dr. of Otis Whip- ple 3d. Lives in Winchester. Luther Ballou — Russell — James — m., Dec. 3, 1818, Clarissa, dr. of Joseph Davis, of Royalston. She was b. March 11, 1797. Lived on the place be- ' fore occupied by his father and now owned by Silas Whipple, in Royalston. Had twelve children, viz. : Sophia, b. Sept. 22, 1819, m. Francis Morandi ; Emeranca, b. Sept. 10, 1821 ; Almando, b. May 2, 1823, m. Mahala Harkness, and lives in Philadelphia ; Angela, b. Dec. 16, 1824; Devillo, b.Jan. 17, 1827; Lorenzo, b. Nov. 29, 1828 ; Autantia, b. June 24, 1830; Clarinda, b. April 29, 1832; Lorina, b. Feb. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 295 24, 1834 ' Alfonso, b. March 9, 1836 ; Czarina, b. May 15, 1838 ; Waldo, b. Feb. 13, 1845. He d. Jan. 21, 1871 ; she d. Aug. 26, 1866. Asqmre Ballou — Russell — James — m., May 29, 1816, Arethusa Maynard. Lived north of the Whip- ple place, near TuUy. Had a grist-mill. Moved to Royalston, 1840. Had Priscilla, Amy, Alonzo, m. Sarah Mellen, had eleven children, d. ; Asquire, m. Forbes, d. ; Westley, d. ; Frank, Louisa, m. Grimes, lives in Keene. He d. 1858. Almando Ballou — Luther — Russell — James ■ — m., Jan. i. 1852, Mahala, dr. of Elijah Harkness. Was owner, together with Addison Paine, of the mills built by Dennis Harkness. Removed to Boston, and from there to Philadelphia, and is now in the express business in that city. Has three children. De Forest Ballou, son of Almando, studied law in Philadelphia, and is now practicing there with good prospects of success. The Jesse-Ballou Family. y esse Ballou, b. Feb. 20, 1756, son of Eleazer Bal- lou, of Gloucester, R. L, m. Amphyllis Smith, of Gloucester. This Eleazer was the son of Samuel, who was a son of James, the second son of the first Maturin, hence Jesse was great-great-grandson of the first Maturin of Providence. Came to town 1779- Settled on the Holiab Smith place, L. 16, 17, and 18 in the first range. By his first wife had Henrietta, David, Jesse, and Susanna; 2d m. March 5, 1786, Rose Swift, dr. of Samuel Swift. By her had Sylvia, 296 HISTORY OF THE b. June 20, 1786; Silas, b. Dec. 10, 1787 ; Esther, m. Wm. Chase; Jirah, m. Sylvia Phillips; Aaron, b. May 25, 1795 ; Barnabas, Lucinda, b. 1799, m. Jesse Bishop ; Phebe, m. Nathaniel Whitcomb. Amphyllis d. March 26, 1785 ; he d. 1820. Silas Ballon — Jesse — istm., Feb. 8, 1810, Anna Saunders, who was b. May 23, 1790; 2dm. widow Coombs, who d. 1883. He occupied the homestead until he removed to Swansey, 1842. Had Leonard, b. Feb. I, 1811 ; Laura Ann, b. Aug. 23, 1812, m. Ansel Boorn, d. 1872; Willard, b. Oct. 25, 1815 ; Elisha, b. May 28, i8i7,d. April 3, 1820; Amasa, b. Jan. I, 1819; Alsaida, b. July 28, 1820, m. Henry Ballou, jr. ; Emily, b. March 12, i822,m.Ozial Ballou, d. Nov. 20, 1852 ; Lorinda, b. Dec. 9, 1823, m. Ozial Ballou; Silas, b. Nov. 5, 1825, d. Sept. 16, 1872; Asa, b. Feb. 4, 1829; William, b. April 9, 1832, d. Sept. 1833. Aaron Ballou — Jesse — m. Dec. 31, 1819, Mary, dr. of Nathan Bowen, sr. Had part of his father's farm, on which he built a house south of the old homestead. Had Russell, b. July 21, 1820, d. Sept. 29, 1839 ' Lorenzo, b. Dec. 7, 1821 ; Seth D., b. Sept. I, 1822 ; Alonzo, b. Dec. 17, 1825 ; Hannah, b. April 5, 1828, m. Sumner Starkey, she d. June 2, 1847; Aaron, b. Feb. 17, 1831, d. Oct. 14, 1833; William W., b. June 15, 1833, m. Mary Williams ; M. Lovina, b. Aug. 2, 1837, m. Simeon Holbrook. He d. Sept. 7, 1861, aged 66 ; she d. March 7, 1865, aged 68. Barnabas Ballou — Jesse — m., Sept. 12, 1816, Rachel, dr. of Nathan Bowen. Lived a few years in a TOWN OF RICHMOND. 297 house built on his father's farm, and moved to the Butternuts about 1825. Leonard Ballou — Silas — Jesse — ist m. Gratis, dr. of Silas Boyce ; 2d m. widow Sarah D. Taylor, May 20, 1873. Soon after his first marriage he re- moved to Vt., but returned about 1870, and died in Richmond Feb. 21, 1880, aged 69. Had by Gratis: Geofge, Edwin, Joseph, Leonard, and John. Willard Ballou — Silas '■ — Jesse — m. March 31 , 1840, Abigail Forestall. Removed to Swansey, 1857. Had Irving W., b. July i, 1841, m. Eda Fuller; Jo- seph W., b. Dec. 18, 1842, m. Flavilla M. Taft ; Frank E., b. Jan. 26, 1844, m. Julia A. Jerome ; Lu- nette M., b. May 17, 1852, m. George Stone. Amasa Ballou — Silas — Jesse — m. July 4, 1841, Lovina, dr. of Henry Ballou. She d. Dec. 13, 1844, aged 22. Had Albert and Eden Sawyer; 2d m. widow Brooks, dr. of Jesse Forestall, and by her had two or three children. She d., and he 3d m. widow Hammond, and by her had Eleanor and Isabella, and three or four d. young. Seth D. Ballou — Aaron — Jesse — ist m., June 29, 1846, Cynthia L., dr. of Anthony Corey. She d. Jan. 7, 1852; 2d m. widow Rebecca Boyce, dr. of Thomas Boyce, May 25, 1852. Removed to JafFrey, N. H., April 13, 1847. Had Clarissa, b. Jan. II, 185 1, m. Edwin E.Bryant, Aug. 23, 1868 ; Harvey E., b. Jan. 7, 1852, d. Sept. 10, 1865. Lorenzo Ballou — Aaron — Jesse — m. Italy V. Ballou. He removed to Swansey about 1845. Had Truman, Emma, and Milo, and others d. young. 298 HISTORY OF THE Alonzo Ballou — Aaron — Jesse — m. Angela, dr. of Daniel Cass. Was a shoemaker ; worked at the Four corners. About 1852 moved to 111. ; now re- sides in Iowa. Had two or three children. The yared-Ballou Fajnily. Jared Ballou m. Hannah Latham, Jan. 21, 1781. He came from Smithfield. He bought and lived on the Timothy Robinson place, L. 2, R. 10. Had Lydia, b. Jan. 24,1783, m. Townsend Parker; Sarah, m. Levi Cheney, of Orange; Amy, m. John Boyce, d. June II, 1872 ; Benoni, b. 1793 ; Elisha, b. 1800, d. 1867; Phebe, d. young; Lucy, d. Dec. 8, 1881, 75 years of age. Benoni Ballou — Jared — m. Sarah, dr. of William Buffum, Jan. 9, 1820. He d. Oct. 9, 1852, aged 59. He lived where his widow now resides. Had two children, viz. : Phianda M., b. Oct. i, 1820, m. Alan- son Pickering; Willard J., b. Feb. 16, 1833. Elisha Ballou — Jared — was never m. Lived with his mother and sister. He d. at age 67. In bodj weak, in mind the same, For all of this he was not to blame ; Quite well he did as he was made, When no filling in the warp was laid. Willard J. Ballou — Benoni — Jared — m., Sept. 14, 1856, Lucy, dr. of Levi Wheeler. Lived in the house with his mother; d. Jan. 13, 1879, aged 45 years. Had one child, Willie, d. in infancy. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 299 BARBER. Ebenezer Barber, from Worcester, m. Betsey Alex- ander ; lived on the Elisha Brigham place, now oc- cupied by Henry Amadon, and removed to the Ichabod Whipple farm, L. 2, R. ii, where he d. May 28, 1865, aged 82, and his wife d. Oct. 10, 1876, aged 89. Had four daughters. Joel C. Barber, son of Ebenezer by his first wife, came to town in 1846, and lived at various places in town ; d. about 1840. HARDEN. Abner B^arden, b. in Stoddard, N. H., Dec. 11, 1796, m- Nancy, dr. of Dr. Ebenezer Swan, June 4, 1823. He moved into Richmond, 1845, and bought soon after the Bisbee farm, where he continued to reside the remainder of his days. Was a hatter by trade, and lived in Winchester a while. He d. Aug. 2, 1882, aged 86; she d. March 26, 1876, aged 81. Had Nancy H. M., b. June 2, 1824; Mary F., b. Sept. 14, 1826; Clara M., b. Nov. 22, 1828; Abner S., b. Oct. 19, 1831 ; Augusta M., b. Jan. 16, 1834, m. Wright Wood, and lives in Ashuelot. Abner S. Barden — Abner — m., Jan. 30, 1865,' Mary E. Bigelow, of Fitzwilliam, who was b. Aug. 30, 1836; lives on the Bisbee place. Had Hattie E., b. Dec. 6, 1856, m. Silas O. Martin; Charles A., b. Sept. 17, 1859; Mary I., b. July 21, 1862. BARKER. Nathan D. Barker, of Marlboro', m. widow Hastings, and lived on the Bump place two years. 300 HISTORY OF THE and on the Benjamin Man place five years, about 1837. Had Thomas, Lorenzo, and three or four other children. BARRUS. Abraham Barrtis, son of Ebenezer and Elizabeth Barrus, of Attleboro', b. Feb. 11, 1714 ; removed from Cumberland to Richmond, 1765, and was f. s. on L. 4, R. II, and built and lived in the house recently occu- pied by John Barrus, v(fhose son Alonzo took down the same and removed it in 1882. Had nine children, all born in Cumberland, viz.: John, b. May 22, 1740; Abraham, b. Nov. 2, 1742 ; Oliver, b. Feb. 27, 1744 ; Sarah, b. Aug. 11, 1747; Jonathan, b. March 15, 1750; Nathan, b. Nov. 29, 1753; Jeremiah, b. Oct. 17, 1756 ; Ebenezer, b. Feb. 16, 1759 ; Mary, b. Oct. 19, 1761. He d. 1789. Oliver Barrus — Abraham — m., Nov. i, 1774, Mary, dr. of Thomas Wooley. He settled on L. 2, R. 9, the place recently occupied by his son Oliver. The buildings are now gone. Had eight children, viz. : Desier, b. April 6, 1776 ; Jonathan, b. April 29, 1778; Polly, b. Feb. 22, 1780; Oliver, b. May 20, 1782 ; Calvin, b. May 26, 1784, m. Orpha Wooley; Candace, b. May 11, 1786, m. Reuben Martin ; Caroline, b. April 14, 1788 ; Hannah, b. Jan. 30, 1791, m. Miller. He d. Jan. 9, 1820, aged 76; she d. May 3, 1824, aged 71. yohn Barrus — Abraham — m. Hannah, and settled on the place now owned by Medad Evans. He d. 1794. Had Timothy, Ira, Pegge, Julianna, and Roxanna. The family removed to Fairfield, N. Y. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 3OI Jeremiah Barrus — Abraham — m., Dec. 4, 1783, Prudence Shafter ; lived on the place recently owned and occupied by his son Alvan, L. 3, R. 10; was a soldier in the war of the Revolution ; was in the battles of Bunker Hill, Bennington, Princeton, and Trenton ; drew a pension. Had five children, viz. : Mellen, b. Feb. 29, 1786 ; Abigail, m. Otis Blanding ; Prudence, m. Otis Allen, of Warwick ; Jeremiah, b. 1800; Alvan, b. 1807. He d. Oct. 25, 1850, aged 94; she d. March 20, 1835, aged 71. Ebenezer Barrus — Abraham — m. Rebecca Thresh- ire. He lived near the burying-ground, on the place since occupied by his son Ira. Had five chil- dren, viz. : John, b. 1780; Barnabas, b. 1782; Ira, Sept. 28, 1800 ; Ebenezer, d. young ; Lucinda, d. young. No record of family. Abraham Barrus, jr. — Abraham — ist m. Eliza- beth ; 2d m. widow Mary Martin,, Nov. i, 1774. Had by Elizabeth, Sarah and Abel ; and by Mary, Abra- ham and Elizabeth. Removed to the state of New York. Oliver Barrus, jr. — Oliver — Abraham — m. Han nah, dr. of Aaron Kelton. He lived on his father's farm, the place south of Curtis Parker's. He finally went to the state of New York, and lived with his daughter Rachel, his only child, and there died. Hannah d. March i, 1848, aged 64. Jonathan Barrus — Oliver — Abraham — was never married. He lived at Moses Tyler's and other places. He believed in predestination and other fatalistic ideas. He d. Jan. 6, 1857. 302 HISTORY OF THE The world ofttimes was dark and drear, Then bright again 't would soon appear; 'T was gloom indeed for all the race, The elect except, of special grace; Hither and thither pushed about, Wandering in a maze of doubt, He felt that Fate was God's decree, But how 't was right he did n't see. Mellen Barrus — Jeremiah — Abraham — m., Aug. 12, 1810, Lucy, dr. of Ichabod Whipple, jr. Had Lovina, Harrison, and Elhanan. He removed to McDonough, N. Y., about 1815, and lived to be about 90. • yeremiah Barrus — Jeremiah — Abraham — m. , Oct. 3, 1824, Francis Kingman. He lived on the place formerly owned by Amos Garnsey. Had thirteen children, viz. : Adaline F., b. Dec. 3, 1824; Eltheda, b. July 30, 1826, d. Sept- 16, 1827 ; Lucius A., b. Sept. 12, 1827 ; Eltheda M., b. July 28, 1829 ; Lorenzo H., b. Oct. 19, 1831 ; Almenzo W., b. May 30, 1834, d. Dec. 13, 1858; Mary Jane, b. June 14, 1836; Minerva J., b. June 25, 1838, d. Dec. 12, 1846; Abby R., b. June 27, 1840; Benjamin F., b. Aug. 10, 1842, d. in the late war; George A., b. April 6, 1845, d. in the late war; Alfred E., b. April 20, 1848; Edgar L., b. Sept. 25, 1849. Had five sons in the late war. His wife d. Nov. 27, 1870, aged 65. Alvan Barrus — Jeremiah — Abraham — ist m., 1833, Eliza, dr. of Samuel Curtis. He lived on his father's place. Had by Eliza: Prudence M., b. March 9, 1835, m. Alva Burdick ; Eliza M., b. Aug. 15, 1836; Louisa N., b. Jan. 14, 1838, m. M. Bur- dick; Juliette A. E., b. Feb. 3, 1839, ^- Norman TOWN OF RICHMOND. 3O3 Moors ; Alvan, d. young. 2d m. Emily, dr. of Thomas Goddard, June, 1844. By Emily had : Otis A., b. May 10, 1845, d. in the late war; Alvan S., b. Dec. 4, 1846; Lydia O., b. Oct. 27, 1848, m. Frank Amadou ; Louis K., b. March 7, 1851 ; Elmer L., b. Aug. 14, 1853 ; Charles F.,b. Sept. 10, 1855 ; Harvey M., b. May 9, 1858, d. July 10, 1883. He held the office of selectman four years. He d. Feb. 9, 1875, aged 68. Eliza, his wife, d. June 5, 1843. John Barrus — Ebenezer — Abraham — m. Jan. 7, 18 1 6, Abigail Kingman, of Winchester. Lived on the place settled by his grandfather, Abraham Barrus. Had Benjamin K., b. Sept. 23, 1817, m. Amanda Jewell, and lived in Charlestown, Mass., d. Jan. 18, 1855 ; Alonzo, b. March 16, 1819, m. Emily A. Bass, lives in Warwick; Rhoda K., b. Jan. 24, 1823, d. Sept. 3, 1865, unmarried; Betsey, b. Nov. 19, 1825, m. Capt. Amos BufFum, d. 1875 '■> Lavina M., b. June II, 1828, m. Curtis E. Parker. He d. Aug. 26, 1865, aged 85 ;,she d. Feb. 21, 1863, aged 74. Barnabas Barrus — Ebenezer — Abraham — m. Elizabeth, dr. of Thomas Kelton, of Warwick. Lived where his uncle John settled, and now owned by Me- dad Evans. No record of family ; but a head-stone in the cemetery bears the inscription, "Barnabas Bar- rus 2d, d. Feb. 23, 181 2, aged 37" ; whose son he was we know not. H,ed. March 20, 1877, aged 95 ; she d. Sept. 5, 1859, aged 83. Ira Barrus — Ebenezer — Abraham — m. April 8, 1832, Lucena T. Aldrich, dr. of Huldah Aldrich, b. April 3, 181 5. Lived where his father did. Had 304 HISTORY OF THE 4 Ebenezer P., b. June 20, 1833; William J., b. May I, 1835; Ira Marshall, b. March 26, 1837; John W.,b. Oct. 26, 1840; Samuel A. R., b. Oct. 25, 1845 ; Frederick A., b. Feb. 8, 1847 ; Charles J., b. March 20, 1849; Henry W., b. Nov. 19, 185 1 ; Mary E., b. May 30, 1853. He d. July 12, 1865 ; she m. a Mr. Smith of Winchester, 1871, and d. June 8, 1871, by being thrown from a wagon. Ira Marshall d. in Orange, July 30, 1868; Frederick A. d. March 17, 1864; Charles J. d. Oct., 1864. Ebenezer Barrus, son of Ebenezer and Elizabeth, of Attleboro', Mass., and a brother of Abraham, from Cumberland, b. Oct. 19, 1712, m. Experience Orms- by, who was b- May 22, 1731. He settled, with his son Michael, on the Edward Ainsworth farm in 1772. Had Michael, b. July 13, 1751, and Elizabeth, m. Josiah Rawson, of Warwick, and others that remained in Cumberland. He d. June 16, 1807; she d. June, 1822. Capt. Michael Barrus — Ebenezer — cousin of Abraham Barrus, m. Elizabeth Simonds, b. July 13, i756,of Warwick, Feb. 16, 1774. He came from Cum- berland, 1772, with his father, and bought Edward Ainsworth'sfarm, L. 2, R. 12, the place now owned by Asahel Kelton. The house now on the premises was raised on the day of the battle of Bennington, Aug. 16, 1777. He d. Nov. 26, 1834, ag*^d 83 ; she d. Dec. 7, 1845. Had eight children, viz. : Ebenezer, b. Aug. 21, 1774; Tirzah, b. Nov. 14, 1776, m. Nathan Cass; Michael, b. Sept. 12, 1779; Sarah, b. Nov. 25, 1781 ; Benjamin, b. April 3, 1783 ; Sibbel, b. Jan. 27, 1785, ra. Nahum Grout; Samuel, b. May 23, 1790; TOWN OF RICHMOND. 305 William, b. June 5, 1793, went west; and Hannah, d. young. Ebenezer Barrus — Michael — Ebenezer — m. Ra- chel Holman, dr. of Elisha Holman, of Winchester. Lived in a house on part of his father's farm. Had Almina, b. Dec. 25, 1800, m. Henry Ball, of War- wick; Holman, b. Feb., 1807; Ebei;iezer, b. Oct. i, 181 1 ; three died young, viz. : Experience, Michael, and an infant. He d. Feb. 23, 1812; his widow m. Simeon Cook, and d. 1838. Michael Barrus, jr. — Michael — Ebenezer — m. Abigail Foster, of Royalston. Lived in a house on the road leading to Aaron Kelton's, before occupied by Barnabas Thrasher. Had two children, viz. : Jeru- sha, b. March 15, 1802, m. Enos Holbrook, jr. ; she d. Jan. 12, 1878, and Betsey, b. April 17, 1803, m. Asahel Kelton. He d. July 10, 1803. Samuel Barrus — Michael^ Ebenezer — m. April 4, 1810, Silence Holman, of Winchester. Lived in the house with his father at first, afterwards moved to Flower Hill, Warwick. Had Elvira, b. July 2, 1811, m. John S. Sweeny, of Grafton, Mass. ; Alfonzo, b. July 9, 1813 ; Hosea, b. Jan. 5, 1816;' Harrison, b. June 9, 1818 ; Lemira, b. Feb. 24, 1821, m. Elisha S. Livermore, d. March 29, 1844. He d. Feb. 24, 1872, age 81. • Holman Barrus — Ebenezer — Michael — Eben- ezer — m. Lucretia, dr. of Nathaniel Whipple. He lived on the Rufus Whipple farm a few years, and from thence moved to Windhall, Vt. Had Fostina, m. Williams ; Moses R. , Helen, m. Fuller ; Lavina, m. a Mr. Holden, and an infant dr. d. 306 HISTORY OF THE Ebenezer Barrus, jr. — ' Ebenezer — Michael — Ebenezer — ist m. Polly, dr. of Jacob Sweet; 2d m. Betsey, sister of Polly. Lived in Winchester ; was a millwright, and owned the mills near the Centre vil- lage. Had by Polly: Marion, Benjamin F.,Ozro I., d. in infancy. By Betsey had Elmina, Serefina, Elsina, Rosetta, Lizzie, Jennie, and Ebenezer, and three d. young. He d. Jan. lO, 1863, age 62 ; Polly d. Feb. 25, 1845, aged 29 ; Betsey, his widow, lives in Keene. Alfonzo Barrus — Samuel — Michael — m. Sarah H. Wilson, March 29, 1835. Lived in Spencer. Now dead. Hosea Barrus — Samuel — Michael — m. Caroline Newton, July 4, 1836. Now dead. Harrison Barrus — Samuel — Michael — m. Sarah M. Miles. Lived in Fitzwilliam. He d. Aug. 17, 1861. BARNEY. Constant Barney, from Rehoboth, m. Dec. 13, 1753, Hannah Carpenter. Was one of the first set- tlers in town. The place he settled on has generally been known as the David Holbrook farm. He sold to Jonas Twitchell, and bought of Oliver Mason, 1772, L. 10, R. 6, the place where "William and Esek Buf- fum have since lived. He removed from town about 1785. He was out twice in the Revolutionary war. Was active in town affairs. Had ten children, one of whom, Jeffrey Amherst, was out in the service, and was married, Feb. 4, 1781, to Filie Aldrich, dr. of Capt. Abner. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 307 David Barney, who was a brother of Constant^ set- tled very early west of Constant, on L. 15, R. 11, on a road which ran from the Dea. Amos Garnsey place easterly to the road near John Bennett's or Daniel Reed's, who owned the premises at the time. Was representative of the town to the General Assembly at Exeter in 1778, and delegate to the convention that framed the constitution of N. H., 1782. Had eleven children, one of whom, William, was married in town. He removed from town prior to 1789. foseph Barney, probably a younger brother of aforenamed, appears to have lived near David. Had seven children. He removed about 1790. BARRETT. Jaazaniah Bartett, from Uxbridge, about 1787, bought the Israel Phillips place, L. 6, R. 3, and in 1793 he bought of Daniel Cass his farm, L. 7, R. 6, the place where Jonas Wheeler now lives. He had a store in the old house ; also had a potash and black- smith shop, which made this a business centre at the time. He removed about 1803 to Danby, Vt. Had eight children. BASSETT. William Bassett, b. Oct. 29, 1747, was the son of Joseph Bassett, b. in Lynn, Mass., 1715, and a de- scendant of William Bassett, who came to Lynn about 1640 ; ist m. Margery White, b. Oct. 16, 1754, and first lived in Uxbridge, and carried on the tan- ning and currying business. He sold to Royal Southwick, and removed to Richmond, 1794; bought 308 HISTORY OF THE of Joseph Wing the farm first settled by Jacob Bump, and now owned by George B. Handy; 2d m., Jan. I, 1795, Ruth, who was b. Sept. 15, 1754, dr. of Adam Harkness, of Smithfield. He d. Jan. 9, 1841, aged 93 ; Margery d. Aug. 18, 1791 ; Ruth d. Nov. 18, 1836. Had by Margery seven children, viz. : Cyrus, b. March 31, 1779, m. Anna, dr. of Seth Shearman, lived in Royalston, he d. 1831 ; Lydia, b. Aug. 31, 1780, m. Nathan Shearman; Artemas, b. June 19, 1782; Daniel, b. Dec. 19, 1784; Ellis, b. July 2, 1787, m. Tyler Paine, and lived in Smith- field; Martha, b. July 6, 1789, m. Elijah Harkness; William, b. Aug. 13, 1791, d. March 14, 1792. Artemas Bassett — William — m. Sarah, dr. of Nathan Harkness, March 28, 1805 ; lived in the north part of the town, on the place afterwards owned by William Woodward, and more recently by Zadoc Taft ; thence removed to Starksboro', Vt., 1823, and from there went to Adrian, Mich., 1835. Had seven children, viz. : William, b. Dec. 23, 1805, d. Oct. 16, 1835 ; Margery, b. Oct. 24, 1807 ; Susan, b. Jan. 4, 1810 ; Nathan H., b. March 3, 1812 ; Ruth, b. April 23, 1815 ; Sarah, b. Oct. 28, 1818 ; and David R., b. Sept. 20, 1822. He d. 1855, aged 73; she d. July 7, 1863, aged 84. Daniel Bassett — William — m. Susanna, dr. of Nathan Harkness, 1810. He removed to the Gideon Man farm, at the Four corners, 1817, and built a tannery there in company with Elisha Harkness ; re- turned to the old homestead, 1837, ^"d removed, with his son Elisha, to Berlin, Mass., 1856. He d. Sept. 18, 1861, aged 77; she d. Feb. 8, 1862, aged 75. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 3O9 Had Elisha, b. March ii, 1811 ; Ahaz, b. Oct. 28, 1812 ; Susanna, b. March 7, 1814, d. Sept. 26, 1815 ; Daniel, b. Oct. 8, 1816, d. Dec. 5, 1839; William, b. Oct. 5, 1819 ; Barek and Deborah (twins), b. Aug. 10, 1827, d. young. Elisha Bassett — Daniel — William — ist m. Olive B. Stewart, 1843 ; she d. March 18, 1845 ; 2d m. Maria, dr. of Job Whitcomb, of Swansey, Nov. 27, 1847 ; lived on the old homestead with his father until he removed to Berlin, Mass., 1856, where he still re- sides. Had by Olive, one child: Olive S.,b. March 7, 1845; by Maria: Daniel, b. July 9, 1849; Pliny E., b. May 29, 1853; Anna S., b. June 28, 1856. Maria, by former husband, had Ellen M. Howland, b. Oct. 14, 1839. Ahaz Bassett — Daniel — William — m. Rhoda, dr. of William Randall ; lived at the Four corners, on the Gideon Man farm, and he, together with his brother William, carried on the tanning business. They built the house now owned by Cyrel Amadon. He removed to Worcester, 1846 ; is now a veterinary surgeon, and lives in Hudson, Mass. Had Orlan W., b. March 14, 1839, d- Sept. 8, 1840; Warren I., b. July 24, 1842, d. Dec. 22, 1846; Arthur A., b. Nov. 6, 1845, d. Nov. 22, 1845 ; Alfreda, b. April' 21, 1856, m. Charles F. Boyce. William Bassett — Daniel — William — m. , Dec . 13, 1846, Patience, djr. of Moses Tyler. She d. June 13, 1880, aged 60. Lived at the Four corners, in the house now occupied by Cyrel Amadon ; was engaged in the tanning and currying business until 1852, when he removed to Worcester ; from thence removed to Berlin, Mass., 1857, where he still resides. Had 3IO HISTORY OF THE Mary A., b. July 21, 1848; Laura E., b. Sept. 5, 1850, d. Nov. 10, 1852 ; Julia Ida, b. Oct. 26, 1854; Florence May, b. April i, 1858; Helen E., b. Feb. 17, i860. Has held various offices of trust and re- sponsibility. In Richmond he was selectman, town clerk, and town treasurer ; in Berlin, his present residence, he has been selectman, assessor, and school committeeman ; and in 1864, was senator in the General Court, for the Worcester east district, and is also author of this work. BATTLES. David Battles came to town in 1819, and was a miller at Sprague's mills until 1831. BEALS. Luther Beals, from Swansey, m. Alfreda, dr. of John Martin. Had Lucy A. J., b. Sept. 13, 1857; Amos E., b. April 9, 1862, and J. S. Comodore. He d. Aug. 22, 1865, aged 45. J. S. Comodore Beals, son of Luther, m. Addie P., dr. of Andrew J. Bliss, of Royalston, Oct. 6, 1870; lives on the John Martin place, westof Leason Martin's. Had Olin L., b. April 21, 1873; Archie A., b. Aug. 25, 1874; Henrietta A. F., b. June 20, 1877, d. March 24, 1878; Charles, b. Feb. 5, 1879; Phebe M., b. April 8, 1882. BEMIS. Elbridge G. Bemts, from Dublin, about 1865, bought the mills at North Richmond ; was moderator for several years, and was on the board of selectmen TOWN OF RICHMOND. 31I and representative to the General Court. He made pail-staves, clothes-pins, etc. He removed, 1875. BENNETT. yohn Bennett, from Douglass, Mass., 1787, bought of Daniel Read his farm, L. 15, R. 10, the place since occupied by Urial Jillson, Lovel Church, and others. He removed to Swansey, and there lived and died with his son Levi. Had Levi, David, b. July 3, 1764; Deborah, b. July 3, 1764, m. Isaac Man; Asahel, b. July 16, 1766; Mary, b. Dec. 15, 1768, m. Cyrus Garnsey ; Nehemiah, b. Dec. 28, 1770; Joanna, b. Feb. 12, 1778, m. Jonas Twitchell ; and Naomi, m. Curtis. Levi Bennett — John — had three children, viz.: John, Sally, m. Samuel Thompson; and Allen. He removed to Swansey. David Bennett — John — m.,June 10, 1787, Arpy, dr. of Anthony Harris. Had Caleb, David, Luke, and Lydia. He removed to Swansey. Asahel Bennett — John — m., Feb. 9, 1792, Han- nah, dr. of John Cass, jr. He lived on the farm now owned by Amos Garnsey. He died at the Four corners, while keeping Mrs. Howe's tavern, April 5, 1812, aged 46. No children. Nehemiah Bennett — John -^ m. Lucy, dr. of Deacon Amos Garnsey. He also removed to Swan- sey. Had Hiram, Esther, Nellie, Amos, Asahel, John, and Lucy. Allen Bennett — Levi — John — had, by Mary Cooley, one son, Ephraim. 312 HISTORY OF THE Amos Bennett — Nehemiah — John — m., April i8, 1821, Lucretia, dr. of Esek BufFum. He built the house where Amos Newell now lives, and had a shoe-shop near by. He removed to the Esek Buffum place about 1833. He d. Sept. 2, 1856; she d. May 13, 1882. Had Emily B., b. 1824, m. Enos Bigelow ; Amos G., b. Oct. 7, 1826; Asahel, b. March 23, 1828; Oscar, b. July, 1830, d. Sept. 30, 1854, ^g^^ 24; John, b. March 4, 1834; Andrew, b. Nov., 1836; Wales B., b. Oct. 26, 1839; Fanny, b. Aug. 7, 1843, m. William Garnsey ; Sarah Jane, b. June 23, 1848, m. John M. Swain. Amos G. Bennett, son of Amos, m. Almina C, dr. of Peleg Taft, jr. He lived with Mr. Taft on the old place ; from thence removed to the Four corners, and carried on blacksmithing at the Pickering place ; finally removed to West Swansey, 1879. ^^d Oscar C, b. Feb. 28, 1848; Otto P., b. Nov. 7, 1857. Asahel Bennett, son of Amos, m., April 29, 185 1, Angela A., dr. of Joseph BufFum. He lived a while on the Joseph Buffum place, and from thence removed to Connecticut, and now resides in Norwich. Had Edgar A., John F., Arthur L., and William E. Oscar Bennett, son of Amos, m., Oct. 29, 185 1, Polly A., dr. of Joseph Newell, jr. Had Hattie L., b. Nov. 12, 1853, m. Herbert Holbrook, d. April 13, 1879. Oscar was killed, Sept. 30, 1854, aged 24. yohn Bennett, son of Amos, m. Martha B. Bald- win, of Charlestown, N. H. He is a provision dealer in Keene. No children. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 313 Andrew Bennett, son of Amos, ra. Emma, dr. o Cyrus Davis, of Royalston ; is an engineer, and lives in Oswego, N. Y. Has three children. Wales B. Bennett, son of Amos, m., Nov. 25, 1865, Mary E., dr. of Joseph BufFum, jr.; lives in Meriden, Conn. Had Ora W., b. June 12, 1864; Addie A., b. July 12, 1872; Florence E., b. Sept. IS, 1874. Ejihraim Bennett, son of Allen, m. Hannah, dr. of Ezekiel Streeter ; was a shoemaker ; lived a while at Col. BufFum's. Had James M. and Orlando. He and his wife are now dead, and also the two sons. fames M. Bennett, son of Ephraim, m. Susanna, dr. of Thomas Boyce. He lived on a cross-road south of the Wyman Thayer place. Had one son, Willie. Jesse Bennett came to town about 1827 ; lived on the Samuel Gaskill place until 1836, when he dis- appeared. BENSON. Caft. Isaac Benson, ist m. Martha; 2d m. Debo- rah Cass, of Smithfield, dr. of Ebenezer Cass, from which place it is probable Mr. Benson came. He settled on L. 16, R. 3, the farm now owned by Jacob Boyce. The buildings, still standing, were erected by him in 1788. The house was evidently designed for a tavern, and was so used for some years, being on a road from Swansey to Royalston, and a way that was much travelled for a time. The tomb con- nected with the cemetery near by was the first and only one in town for nearly one hundred years after 314 HISTORY OF THE ils settlement. Had by Martha, as appears on record, five children, viz. : John, Irene, Isaac, Joanna, and Lydia. He d. 1818. John Benson, son of Isaac, m. Margaret Ballou, dr. of Seth, Jan. 25, 1789. He lived on his father's other place, north of Reuben Bowen's. Had four children, viz. : Hosea, Job, John, jr., and James. He moved to Vermont. Isaac Benson, jr., son of Isaac, m. Eunice Sawyer, May 9, 1793. He lived on his father's place a few years, and then removed to Vermont. Had eight children, viz. : Henry, Martha, Eunice, Caleb, Mar- maduke, Rufus, Lydia, and Isaac. Henry Benson — Isaac — Isaac — m. Betsey Buf- fum, dr. of Robert, April 7, 1822. He inherited the old homestead from his grandfather. He sold to Jacob Boyce, and moved to Pennsylvania about 1835. Had five children, viz. : Henry, Zarina, Betsey, also a son and daughter who died in infancy. BIGELOW. Enos Bigelow, from New Boston, m. Emily, dr. of Amos Bennett, Esq., 1839. Kept the old Wake- field tavern that year, and removed to Keene, where he still resides. Is a building mover. BISBEE. Noah Bisbee, b. May 23, 1752, son of Elijah Bis- bee, of Plympton, Mass., 1805, bought of Joseph Sweeter his farm, L. 12, R. 4, the place now owned by Abner S. Gardner; m. Jane Bradford, a descend- TOWN OF RICHMOND. 315 ant of Gov. Bradford, of the Plymouth colony. He d. Jan. 28, 1839 5 ^^^ ^- March 20, 1834. Had six children, all b. in Plympton, viz. : Jane, b. Feb. 23, 17.79, ™' Capt. Benjamin Crooker ; Noah, b. Feb. 17, 1781 ;Job, b. Nov. 24, 1783 ; Betsey, b. April i, 1787, m. Ono Cass; Seth, b. June 11, 1789; Sally, b. June 24, 1790, m. Willard Waldron. Noah Bisbee,jr . — Noah — m. Rachel, dr. of Daniel Man, Dec. 27, 1810. He was killed at tlie battle of Bridgewater, Upper Canada, July 24, 1814, in the fa- mous charge made by Col. James Miller on a British battery. Had one child, William Bradford, b. Dec. 22, 181 1, who resides in Ohio. Job Bisbee — Noah — m. Deborah, dr. of !^enja- min Crooker, Aug. 28, 1810. He kept store at the Crooker place and at the Four corners, kept tavern for the widow Howe, was post-master at the sg.me time. Afterwards lived at various places in town, and d. Aug. 2, 1855, aged 72, with no relatives in town to follow his remains to the grave ; his wife d. Feb. 25, 181 1, aged 20. Seth Bisbee — Noah — m. Leah, dr. of Levi Al- drich, Nov. 29, 1810. He was out in the war ofi8i2, was wounded in the battle of Bridgewater. He re- moved to Penn. soon after the close of the war. BISHOP. Jesse Bishof, b. July 4, 1800, was the son of Ga- briel Bishop of Fitzwilliam. He m. Lucinda, dr. of Jesse Ballou. Lived in small house near Mr. Bal- lou's. Had Smith B., b. Nov. 12, 1814 : Betsey B., 3l6 HISTORY OF THE b. Aug. lo, 1818 ; and Lois, b. April 22, 1823, m. Harrison Taft. His wife d. in 1837, aged 38; he d. about i860. A hardier frame ne'er was made Than was the son of that old Gabe; Of toughest fibre he must have been, Case-hardened too was all within, Else fish and fowl he ate undrest, Would 've sent him to eternal rest. He capers cut, when he was young, • The devil he was the youth among. At times he had a saintly ^race. Shining o'er his cunning face. His life, some warped when it begun, More tangled 't was when it was done. BLACK. Carpt. William Black removed to the Solomon Atherton farm 1826. Sold or exchanged with Reuben Rich and removed back to Winchester 1829. Mrs. Susan A. Black, widow of Sumner W. Black, of Swansey, and dr. of Ellery K. Aldrich, Esq., lives on the Bill Woodward place. He d. in the late war in 1863. Had Ella A., b. 1857, d. 1859; Grace E., b. Feb. 14, i860. BLANDING. Ebenezer Blanding, from Royalston, who was b. in Rehobath, bought of John Ingersoll the David Cass farm, L. 5, R. 9, the place now owned by Davis Sprague ; from thence he removed to Rich- field, N. Y., and there died, aged about 90. Had Otis and Royal, and fifteen others. Otis Blanding — Ebenezer — ist m. Abigail, dr. of Jeremiah Barrus, Dec. i, 1808; she d. April 18, TOWN OF RICHMOND. 317 1823, aged 34; 2d m. Sarah, dr. of Daniel Cass, jr., Jan. 20, 1825. Had by Abigail : Harvey, b. May, 1809; Jason, b. Aug. 21, 1811, d. June 12, 1840; Prudence, b. Jan. 24, 1813, m. Dennis Bowen ; Oscar F., b. March 4, 1819; Mansel M., b. April 17, 1822; Otis, removed to Michigan, and there died. Hoy al B landing — Ebenezer — m. Betsey Ballou, Nov. 18, 1802, dr. of Russell. No record. Harvey Blanding — Otis — Ebenezer — m. Mary Howe ; was a manufacturer of pails in Troy, N. H. He d. March 23, 1859. ^^^ Mary J., Oscar J., Jenetta, and Adaline. Oscar F. Blanding, son of Otis, ist m. Lydia, dr. of Thomas Goddard, June 5, 1844; 2d m. Hannah C, dr. of Henry Whipple, May 18, 1846. Lived in the Pickering house at the Four corners, and on the Seth Curtis place a while ; and, lastly, removed to Fitzwilliam, where he still resides. Had by Lydia: Oscar Goddard, b. July 24, 1845 ; and by Hannah had Aurora J., b. Feb. 28, 1848; Laura A., b. Sept. 27, 1849; Henry W.,b. Jan. 10, 1852; Harriet P., b. Jan. 28, 1854; ^"^ Lyman H., b. Jan. 24, 1858. Lydia d. Aug. 21, 1845. Mansel M. Blanding, son of Otis, m. Persis M., dr. of Zimri Ingalls, Dec. 24, 1845. Had three chil- dren, viz. : Eugenia, Francenia, and Julia. Gilbert Blanding, from "Worcester, 1853, lived in the house now owned by Cyrel Amadou : removed, 1856, to the farm now owned by George B. Handy, 3l8 HISTORY OF THE and again removed to Athol, 1867. Had a daughter, and a son, William, who lived with him, and m. the dr. of Horace Merrifield. Sometimes "matches in Heaven are made," , But more often are made below ; Whether this was only a jockey trade, I do not care to know. BLISS. Benjamin W. Bliss, son of Benjamin W. Bliss, of Royalston, ist m., Sept. 12, 1849, Devine A. Lewis, of Winchester ; 2d m., July 2, 1866, Almira Cass, widow of Jarvis Cass. Lives nearly opposite the old house spot where Jerahmeel Allen once lived. Had by Devine: Milo W., b. May 16, 1847, d. 1868; Oscar P., b. Oct. 3, 1861. By Almira had Mary E., b. Sept. 15, 1871. BOLLES. Among the first settlers seven bearing the name of Bolles appear, who came from Rochester, Mass., about 1790, viz. : Nathaniel,Solomon, Jonathan, John, Elijah, David, and Obed. Only Nathaniel, John, and Elijah remained in town ; of these only the first two have descendants remaining therein. Nathaniel Bolles, b. March 26, 1758, m. Thankful Bolles, Jan. 11, 1778. She was b. July 18, 1760. Settled on L. 18, R. 8, the farm now owned by John L. Howard. Was a Baptist minister, preached in the old Baptist church after the Rev. Isaac Kenney had closed his pastorate, and also a part of the time in the Baptist church at West Swansey. For some years he was the only minister in town ; he attended most TOWN OF RICHMOND. 319 of the funerals, and performed many of the marriage ceremonies during the time. He d. Dec. 2, 1843, aged 85 ; she d. Nov. 19, 1849, ^g^^ ^9- Had eleven children, viz. : Lydia, b. Oct. 8, 1778, m. Jesse Phillips ; Jane, b. Aug. 21, 1780, m. Moses Kenney ; Deliverance, b. July 21, 1782, m. Wyman Richard- son; Nathan, b. Sept. 2, 1784; Sally, b. July 25, 1786, m. Jona. Scott; Nathaniel, b. Aug. 11, 1788, removed to Bethlehem, N. H. ; Thankful, b. May 29. 1790, m. Samuel Starkey ; Bullock, b. July 12, 1792, d. Aug. 2, 1793 ; Jeremiah, b. Oct. 25, 1793 ; Mary, b. July 29, 1798, m. Elijah Buxton ; Hannah, b. 1799, m. Daniel Ball; Phebe, b. Sept. 8, 1800, d. Sept. 2, 1823. Nathan Bolles — Nathaniel — m. Elizabeth Bishop, Jan. I, 1804. Had Luke, b. Nov. 26, 1804; Nathan, b. 1811. Jere^niah Bolles — Nathaniel — ist m. Hannah Aldrich, Jan. 9, 1814 ; 2d m. Lydia Batcheller, of Reading, Mass., Dec. 12, 1847. Lived on the home place. He d. March 29, 1877, aged ,84; Hannah d. Oct. 20, 1846; Lydia d. Dec. 7, 1865. Had Abigail, b. Oct. 6, 1814, d. June 16, 185 1 ; Nathaniel, b. May 5, 1817; Leonard N., b. Nov. 27, 1819, d. Sept. 28, 1836; Charles A., b. May 16, 1823 ; Phebe, b. Oct. 6, 1827, m. Charles Norwood, she d. Dec. 30, 1864; Jonathan, b. Feb. 7, 1833, d. April 23, 1852. Nathan Bolles, jr. — Nathan — Nathaniel — m. Fati- ma, dr. of William Whipple ; lived on the Levi Mowry place, now owned by Frank E. Naromore. Had two children that d. in infancy, viz. : James E., d. 1849 '■> Henry A., d. 1856; also, Eliza Ann, Emily, Albert, 320 HISTORY OF THE and Frederick. He d. Nov. 20, 1875, aged 64; she d. July 21, i860, aged 42. Charles A. Bolles — Jeremiah — Nathaniel — m. Harriet E. Kettridge, July 4, 1850. He d. Oct. 29, 1855. Lived in a new house near the old homestead. John Bolles, brother of Nathaniel, ist m. Mercey Randall ; 2d m. Cynthia, dr. of Enoch Southwick, April 19, 1805. He bought of John Robinson, 1783, his farm, L. 17, R. 8, and built the house now stand- ing on the place, which is occupied by Mrs. Benjamin Bolles ; was by trade a shoemaker. Had eighteen children, viz., by Mercey: Mary, b. Jan. 20, 1780; David, b. Feb. 15, 1781 ; Obed, b. June 12, 1782; Prudence, b. Feb. 16, 1784; John, b. June 8, 1787 ; Simeon, b. June 3, 1789; Mercey, b. Nov. 29, 1791 ; Hosea, b. March 12, 1794; Lewis, b. May 15, 1796; Lovice, b. June 28, 1798; Daniel, b. June 29, 1800; Amos, b. June 17, 1802. By Cynthia had Jesse, b. Nov. II, 1805 ; Randall, b. Sept. 22, 1807 ; Stephen, b. Sept. 17, 1809; Benjamin, b. Oct. 17, 1812 ; Elisha, b. Nov. 15, 1814 ; Elizabeth, b. Aug. 11, 1820. He d. March 22, 1829, aged 74; Mercey d. Dec. 23, 1804, aged 44; Cynthia d. April 3, 1859, aged 79. Jesse Bolles — John — m., March 3, 1833, Han- nah, dr. of Daniel Temple ; bought the place where his son Edwin now resides, 1829; moved the Caleb Buffum house on the site of the old house, which had been removed; lived there a few years, and then removed to the Jonathan Gaskill place, his present residence. Had John, b. Dec, 3, 1833, d. in the late war; Ellen, b. Aug. 15, 1835, m. F. O. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 321 Bowen; Cynthia, b. Nov. 29, 1837, m. Brigham Cass; Henry R., b. Dec. 29, 1839, killed in the war; Samuel, b. Sept. 30, 1842; Edwin, b. Jan. 15, 1845. Benjamin Bolles — John — m. Emily, dr. of Samuel Starkey, Sept. 9, 1843. He lived on the old homestead, where the family still reside. He d. Jan. 31, 1870. Had Clara E., b. March 11, 1847 ; Walter J., b. March 11, 185 1, m. Alice R. Tucker, lives in Fitchburg; Addie M., b. May 16, 1857, m. Ernest G. Naromore, lives in Lunenburg; Ozro H., b. Aug. 21, 1859. Elisha Bolles — John — m. Sarah Richardson, of Templeton ; lived where Edwin Bolles now resides. He d. Oct. 6, 1871. Had Eliza Jane, b. Feb. 9, 1844, m. George B. Handy; Julia A., b. Feb. 21, 1846, m. Stephen M. Whipple ; Lucy A., b. April 19, 1848, m. Omer A. Brown; Alice M., b. Feb. 2, 1859, ™- Abel Smith. Mrs. Bolles 2d m. Joseph Whitcomb, and lives on the Jonathan Sweet place. Edwin Bolles, son of Jesse, is married, and lives on the Verney Gaskill place. Solomon Bolles, brother of Nathaniel Bolles, m. Catherine Bolles, Aug. 18, 1779. He settled on a place north of George Buffum's old place, on an old road long since discontinued, running northerly from Benjamin Newell's old place to Swansey, and north of the Simeon Thayer farm. This was next to Swansey, L> 20, R. 7. Removed from town about 1810. Had Timothy, Elijah, Abigail, Isaac, Samuel. 322 HISTORY OF THE "Jonathan Bolles, brother of Nathaniel, was mar- ried, and lived on the place south of George BufFum's, on the old road above described, L. i8, R. 7 ; re- moved to Lisbon, N. H. Had Jonathan, who m. Phebe, dr. of Reuben Parker, June i, 1797 ; she d. July 20, 1857. Elijah Bolles, brother of Nathaniel, m. Lucy Robertson, Sept. 30, 1794; lived on the place next south of George Taylor's. Had Robinson, who d. in Winchester, 1882, aged 85 ; Emory, Barney, Chloe, and Lucy. He and his wife d. on the place. He d. 1832. Obed Bolles, son of John, ist m. Selah Goss, April 15, 1798 ; 2d m. Waity Aldrich, Dec. 27, 1803. He lived on a road now discontinued, leading from George Taylor's, eastwardly, to the road north of the Jeremiah Bolles place. David Bolles, brother of Nathaniel, first lived on the old road east of George Taylor's, where Obed lived afterwards ; had no permanent home ; lived at various places in town. BOORN. Caft. Amos Boom, son of William and Mary Boorn, b. March 25, 1737, m. Louvisa Simmons. He was one of the first settlers in the east part of the town, and was from Swansey, R. I., and had been a sea captain. He took L. 9, R. i, the farm now owned by Calvin Martin, on which he built a two-story frame house, now gone, that stood south of Mr. Martin's. Hon. A. O. Bourn, governor of R. L, is from a branch of the same family. He d^ 1820, aged 84 ; TOWN OF RICHMOND. 323 she d. 1830. Had nine children, viz. ; Stephen, b. Dec. 5, 1765; Nathan, b. July 17, 1768; William, b. Nov. 30, 1769 ; Gardner, b. Oct. 9, 177 1 ; Lydia, b. March 12, 1773, m. Otis Whipple; Louvisa, m. An- thony Corey; Amos, b. March 25, 1778, moved to Wallingford, Vt. ; Abraham, b. Oct. 28, 1780 ; Nicene, m. William Hunt. William Boom — Amos — m. Dec. 9, 1790, Abi- gail, dr. of Jonathan Sweet. He moved to Shrews- bury, Vt., 1795, where he lived several years, bjit re- turned 1810, and lived on the place first settled by Enoch White, afterwards occupied by John Gorton. He remained here the rest of his days, and d. March 22, 1848; she d. Feb. 24, 1845. Had Luke and Polly, d. in infancy; Nathaniel, b. March 3, 1791 ; Cynthia, b. July 3, 1796, d. Feb. 16, 1816, while weaving in a hand-loom. Stephen Boom — Amos — m. Silvia, dr. of Jacob Bump, Sept. 5, 1792. Had a part of his father's farm ; built the house where Calvin Martin now lives. He removed to the Butternuts about 183 1. Had Hosea, Gardner, Richard, Lovina, m. Joel Hunt ; Maria, Diana, b. April, 1810, m. Josiah Whitcomb, the old stage driver from Keene to Fitchburg. Abraham Boom — Amos — m. Lydia, dr. of Dan- iel Cass, jr. She wash. March 28, 1785. Had Gard- ner, Daniel, Winslow, Phebe, Abraham. Richard Boorn — Stephen — Amos — m. Phila Bowen, dr. of Peleg. He lived with his grandfather Bump a few years, and then moved to the Butternuts. Had Jacob and Leonard. 324 HISTORY OF THE Nathaniel Boom — William — Amos — m. Mary, dr. of John Cass, jr., March i, 1812. He lived with his father' in Vt., and returned to town with him, and they together occupied the same place. Removed to Swansey, where he lived a few years, then went to Royalston, where he d. Feb. 17, 1875, aged 83, and she d. May 7, 1863, aged 72. Had Asahel B., b. May 30, 1813 ; Ansel, b. Aug. 15, 1814 ; William, b. April 2, 1817, d. Aug. 26, 1838; Selina, b. June 13, 1 82 1, m. Moses Garfield, of Royalston; Nathaniel, b. Jan. 8, 1826; John C, b. Oct. 8, 1829. Mr. Boorn lived on the old farm 44 years. Gardner Boorn — Stephen — Amos — m. Sarah, dr. of Thomas Bowen. Was killed blasting rocks on the new road south of Preston Freeman's, 1832. Had three children, viz.: Sarah M., m. Frank Towne ; Henry G., m. Susan Temple; and Silvia, d. 9 years of age. Hosea Boorn — Stephen — Amos — ist m. Amy Martin, dr. of Wilderness, June 28, 1815 ; 2d m. Nancy Kendall, July 8, 1821. He lived in the house with his father until he removed to Penn. about 1831. Had by Amy, Danvers and Danford ; and by Nancy, Amy, Amos, and Cyrus. Daniel Boorn — Abraham — Amos — m. Olive, dr. of Silas Ballou, jr., Feb. 23, 1824. Lived at various places. Had eleven children, viz. : Daniel G., Nel- son D., Horatio A.,Velorus A., Isaac W., Olive M., Mary A., Marshall H., Julia E., George M., Olive Maria. The family removed west. Asahel B. Boorn — Nathaniel — William — Amos — m. 1833, Nancy, dr. of Aaron Aldrich. He lived TOWN OF RICHMOND. 325 in town a number of years, and then removed to Penn., where his wife d. Nov. 7, 1846. He returned to Richmond, and thence removed to Wallingford, Vt., where he m. Patience Dawson, Sept. 2, 1849. Had by Nancy five children ; by Patience had nine children. He d. in Wallingford, May 13, 1881. Ansel Boom — Nathaniel — William — Amos — m., March 19, 1832, Laura Ann, dr. of Silas Ballou 3d, Moved to Swansey. Had ten children. He d. Aug. I, 1848; his widow m. William Wheelock, and d. Sept. 14, 1872. Nathaniel Boom, jr., m., Aug. 20, 185 1, Mary Butler, of Troy. Removed to Swansey, and thence, in 1870, went to St. Augustine, 111., where he now resides. Has three children. John C. Boom — Nathaniel — William — Amos — m. Esther M. Emerson, of Troy, Nov. 24, 1853. He resides in East Swansey. No children. BOWEN. Thomas Bowen, the ancestor of all bearing the name in town, came from Warren, R. I., 1767; m. Penelope Aldrich, of Northbridge, b. Nov. 26, 1748, dr. of John and Mary, and a sister to the wife of Joseph Newell, and also to the wife of Reuben Randall. Had two children when he came, Nathan and Nathaniel. He settled on L. 14, R. 4, the place now owned and occupied by his grandson, Zimri. The house he built and lived in was on the north side the road, west of the new one built by the present owner. He d. July 12, 1834, "^ ^^^ 9^^* year; she 326 HISTORY OF THE d. June 10, 1825, in her 77th year. Had thirteen children, viz. : Nathan, b. Sept. 11, 1765 ; Nathaniel A. ; Catherine, b. Jan. 28, 1770, m. Aaron Ballou ; Peleg, b. March 3, 1772 ; Reuben, b. April 16, 1774 ; Zephaniah, b. Oct. 10, 1776; Mary, b. Oct. 20, 1778; Jesse, b. Feb. 25, 1782; Esther, b. Aug. 29, 1784, d. Feb. 12, 1854; Phebe, b. Aug. 7, 1786, m. Barnet Bump ; Lydia, b. Aug. 7, 1786, m. Jacob Bump, jr. ; Sarah, b. Dec. 22, 1789, m. Gardner Boorn. Nathan Bow en — Thomas — istm.,Feb. 15, 1783, Rachel Stoddard, who was b. March 11, 1763 ; 2d m., Dec. 4, 1804, Lavina Sweet, dr. of Jacob Bump, and widow of Richard Sweet. He settled on L. 11, R. I, the same now owned by his sons Nathan and Richard, in the year 1783, and in the fall of that year built a log-house, and afterwards a frame-house, on the spot where Richard's house now stands. He d. Nov. 25, 1828; Rachel d. March 8, 1804; Lavina d. Dec. 19, 1851. Had fourteen children by Rachel, viz. : Ezra, b. June 14, 1783 ; Hannah, b. March 20, 1785, 1st m. David Cobleigh, 2d m. John Harkness ; Thomas, b. Dec. 3, 1786, m. Hannah Hai-kness ; Abigail, b. Feb. 13, 1789 ; Jesse, b. March 22, 1791, m. Dilla Cole ; Eleanor, b. April 28, 1793, m. Eli Can-oil, had an infant b. and d. April 28, 1795 ; Mary, b. Dec. 14, 1796, m. Aaron Ballou: Rachel, b. Nov. 26, 1799, m. Barney Ballou; Nathan, jr., b. Aug. 27, 1803, d. young. By Lavina had Lavina, b. Aug. 28, 1805, d. March 31, 1821 ; Nathan, b. May 7, 1807 ; Richard, b. March 23, 1809; Eliza, b. Dec. 28, 181 1, m. Wheaton C. Jillson, d. Aug., 1842. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 327 Nathaniel A. Botuen — Thomas — m., April 5, 1789, Lovice Gaskill, dr. of Jonathan. He bought of Verney Gaskill, 1799, the east part of the Gaskill farm, L. 8, R. 4, on which was a two-story house, on the spot where Edwin Bolles now lives. Here he kept a public house and store. The house was taken down by Levi Wheeler about 1826, and the material used for the construction of the house now occupied by Jonas Wheeler. Had nine children, viz. : James, b. July 7, 1789; Richard, b. Nov. 5, 1791, m. Can- dace, dr. of William Buffum, and moved to the Hol- land purchase ; Rufus, b. July 20, 1794, d. young ; Olive, b. June 20, 1798, m. Gideon Hix ; Nathaniel A., b. Jan. 28, 1801, moved to the Holland pur- chase. Had also Patience, Marinda, Julia Ann, and Hannah. Peleg Bowen — Thomas — ist m., Jan. i, 1795, Patience Streeter, dr. of Barzillai ; 2d m., May 3, 1807, Sally Gleason. He lived on the place next north of hiS" father's, on the part of L. 15, R. 4, first settled by Royal Aldrich. Had by Patience : Polly, b. Nov. 13, 1796, m. -David Harris; Phila, b. Nov. 8, 1798, m. Richard Boorn ; Betsey, b. March 7, 1801, m. Aaron Whipple; David, b. April 2, 1803, moved to the Butternuts, a place in central New York; Candace, b. March 24, 1795, d. young. By Sally had Isaac G., moved to Illinois; and Lucinda, moved to New York. Reuben Bowen — Thomas — m. Hannah Allen, dr. of Moses, sr. He d. Sept. 5, 1825, aged 51 ; she d. June 6, 1843, aged 67. Lived on the farm next north of the Benson place, L. 17, R. 3. Had Olive, b. May II, 1797, m. Enoch Stewart; Penelope, b. May 328 HISTORY OF THE 8, 1799, m. Nicholas Hart; Rufus, b. Oct 8, 1800; Brittania, b. May 24, 1802, m. Abner Ballou ; Sally, b. March 16, 1804,111. Ira Fisher; Allen, b. Sept. 15, 1805 ; Louisa, b. Aug. 3, 1807, m. Caleb Boyce ; Hannah, b. June 18, 1809, m. Darius Hart; Reuben, b. July 21, 1811; Martha, b. July 15, 1813, ist m. Ira Fisher, 2d m. D. B. Aldrich ; Sarah, b. Oct. 5, 1815, m. Thomas Fenner ; Fostina, b. Dec. 7, 1818, m. Silas White ; Lydia, b. Nov. 4, 1820, m. Farris Taft. Ze^haniah Boivcn — Thomas — m., Feb. 25, 1798, Martha, dr. of Moses Allen, sr. He bought the David Russell place, and lived on the same, L. 15, R. 4, a few years after his marriage, and then moved onto the old homestead, and took care of his father and mother. He d. June 4, 185 1, aged 74; she d. Oct. 10, 1854, aged 72. Had Hannah, b. May 28, 1799, 1st m. Alva Howard, 2d m. Robert Boyce ; Moses A., b. Nov. 16, 1800, m. Eliza Angler, and moved to Illinois; Margaret, b. May 15, 1802, istm. Walter Erskine, 2d m. Maturin Ballou; Phebe, b. Sept. 4, 1804, m. Nahum Sisson, of Texas ; Zimri, b. June 29, 1806; Thomas, b. March 11, 1808, m. Sally T. Boyce, dr. of John, jr., and moved to Indiana; Lydia, b. Feb. 10, 1810, m. Reuben Angier ; Den- nis, b. March 5, 1812, m. Prudence Blanding, dr. of Otis, and d. on the old place ; Eliza A. M., b. Jan., 1814, m. Reuben Angier: Zephaniah A., b. March 24, 1816, d. July II, 1819 ; Savalla L., b. March 6, 1823, m. Noah Perry. Ezra Bowen — Nathan — Thomas — m . , March 15, 1807, widow Lois Harris. He moved to Sutton, Vt. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 329 Thomas Bow en — Nathan — Thomas — m. Feb. i8, 1810, Hannah, dr. of John Harkness. He removed to western N. Y. Jesse Bowen — Nathan — Thomas — m. Jan. 30, 181 1, Dilla Cole. Had one child, Harris, b. Sept. 22, 1812. He moved to Vt. Nathan Bowen , — Nathan — Thomas — m. Nov. 19, 1829, Alpha, dr. of Otis Whipple, b. Dec. 2, 1808. Lived in the old house until 1840, when he built a new house, where he has since resided. He built a saw-mill on Tully, which he operated for more than 20 years. He was on the board of selectmen in 1849. Had ten children, viz. : Harriet E., b. May 14, 1830, m. Nov. 26, 1851, Robert F. Boyce, lives in Athol; Olive J. A., b. Oct. 5, 1831, ist m. Romanzo Howard, 2d m. Samuel Thompson, lives in Troy; Franklin O., b. Aug. 28, 1833; Frederick A., b. July 3, 183s ; Eliza E., b. Feb. 7, 1837 5 Nathan P., b. June 15, 1840, d. July 4, 1841 ; Alfred R., b. March 20, 1842; Edwin N., b. Nov. 14, 1843; Sid- ney B., b. Dec. 28, 1846 ; Emma J., b. Nov. 15, 185 1, m. James B. Cass, Jan. i, 1882. Richard Bowen — Nathan — Thomas — m. Oct. 1832, Joanna, dr. of Moses Allen. Lives on the old homestead ; replaced the old house by a new one about 1858. Had no children; she d. Dec. 25, 1868, aged 62. fames Bowen — Nathaniel A. — Thomas — m. April 27, 1809, Abigail Estes, dr. of Zacheus. Lived on the David IngersoU place 1817, and removed to Monroe, Mass., the same year; he d. Feb. 22, 1851, 330 HISTORY OF THE aged 6i ; she d. 1833, aged 42. Had Horatio, Uberto, b. Feb. 22, 1813 ; Lorenzo, d. young ; Loren- zo, Orrin, Emily, Albert, and Nancy, the last four b. in Monroe. Rufus Bo-wen — Reuben t— Thomas — m. March 2, 1826, Alona Aldrich, dr. of Rhoda Aldrich. He lived on his father's place until he sold and moved to Swansey, about 1840. Was a justice of the peace, and moderator several times. Had no children ; he d. Oct. 6, 1866; she d. Jan. 13, 1866. Allen Bow en — Reuben — Thomas — m. Jan. 27, 183 1, Phila Boyce, dr. of Cadish Boyce. He lived on his father's place one year, and then moved to 111., where he died. Had two children, Emmerancy and Lovina. Reuben Bowen,jr. — Reuben — Thomas — m. Eliza Watkins, of Hopkinton, Mass. Was a Methodist minister. He d. in Hopkinton, June 28, 1843. Had no children. Zimri Bowen — Zephaniah — Thomas — m. Dec. 10, 1835, Polly» dr. of Russell Wheeler, of Royals- tpn. She was b. July 4, 1812. He lives on the old homestead of his father and grandfather. Has seven children, viz. : Zimri W., b. Oct. 29, 1837, m. Myra E. Claflin, and resides in Leominster; Martha L, b. Dec. 14, 1839, m. Charles D. Kimball; Lydia L., b. Jan. 7, 1842, m. Jerahmeel Allen; Polly A., b. Dec. 17, 1843 ; George M., b. March 24, 1846 ; Robert D., b. Sept. 18, 1848, m. Eleanor P. Russell, lives in Leominster; Benjamin F., b. July 12, 1851. Uberto Bowen — James — Nathaniel A. — Thomas — m. Aug. II, 1839, Angela, dr. of Jonathan Raw- TOWN OF RICHMOND. 331 son, Esq. He continued the store business at the old Rawson stand for a short time, and then detached the store from the dwelling and moved the same farther north, which he fitted up in more modern style, and did quite an extensive business in the same until it was burnt, 1853. Has five children, viz. : Henry R., b. June 13, 1840; Alonzo C, b. May 23, 1843, lives in Kentucky; Ellen L., b. Dec. 4, 1846, m. Freder- ick Bowen ; Albert J., b. April 26, 1848 ; Frank P., b. Oct. I, 1851. Franklin O. Bowen — Nathan — Nathan — Thom- as — m. June 4, 1856, Ellen Bolles, dr. of Jesse. He bought the m.ills built by Jacob Whitcomb, jr., on Tully, and is still engaged in manufacturing lumber. Has two children, viz. : Clara E., b. June 19, i860, is a professional nurse in Boston ; Nellie F., b. Feb. 13, 1862. Frederick A. Bowen — Nathan — Nathan — Thom- as — m. Dec. 4, 1862, Ellen L., dr. ofUberto Bowen. Has lived in Keene ; now resides in Fitzwilliam. Had Fred. E., b. Oct. 28, 1865 ; Eva, b. March 10, 1867 ; Walter Leroy, b. Oct. 26, 1875 ; Adin T., b. June 6, 1879. Edwin N. Bowen — Nathan — Nathan — Thomas — m. Dec. 27, 1866, Jane C. Smith, of Fitzwilliam. Lived on the Bowman Howe place. Removed to Fitzwilliam, 1882. Sidney B. Bowen — Nathan — Nathan — Thomas — m., March 1867, Jennie E., dr. of Ozial Ballou, and widow of Stephen Martin. Lives on the Jacob Whit- comb place. Had Minnie M., b. March i, 1869. 332 HISTORY OF THE George M. Bowen, son of Zimri, m. Eliza R. Lynch, of Essex, N. Y., b. Sept. 9, 1840. Lives on the George Handy place. Had Minnie E., b. July II, 1870; George A., b. March 31, 1872 ; Frank L.,b. July 28, 1873 ; Clara L., b. Feb. 25, 1875 ; Clarence E., b. Aug. 30, 1879. Henry R. Bowen, son of Uberto, m. Jane C, dr. of Jerril A. Curtis. Lives in Swansey. Frank P. Bowen, son of Uberto, m. Lauretta, dr. of Nathaniel Bryant. She d. Jan. 30, 1879. BOYCE. Paul Boyce ist m. Hannah Staples, 2d m. Phillis Cook, widow of Nicholas, Nov. i, 1803. Came from Smithfield 1772, and settled on lots in tKe south-east corner of the town, the place since occupied by his son Silas and grandson Ekioch, and recently by Na- thaniel Hills. He was a large land owner, and set- tled his sons on adjoining lands. Was by trade a carpenter. He d. 1817, age 81 ; Hannah d. 1803, Phillis d. March 21, 1815. Had seven children, viz. : Nicene, b. April 17, 1765, m. Samuel Gaskill, Esq. ; Cadish, b. 1758; John, b. 1760; Nathan, b. 1763; Jacob, b. 1767; Stephen, b. 1770; Silas, b. Nov. 1779. Cadish Boyce — Paul — m. Lavina Bishop, Nov. 29, 1782. He lived on the place afterwards occupied by his son Robert, L. 4, R. 2 ; he d. 1835. Had eleven children, viz. : William, b. Oct. 7, 1783, m. Sally Sargent, of Fitzwilliam, and moved to Fayston, Vt. ; Paul, b. April 7, 1785 ; Lavina, b. Sept. 2, 1787, TOWN OF RICHMOND. 333 m. Zelotes Laws ; Elizabeth, b. Sept. 24, 1789, m. Silas Maynard; Irene, b. Nov. 22, 1791, ra. Russell Wheeler; Charlotte, b. April 17, 1794, d. ; David, b. Oct. 3, 1796; Robert, b. April 30, 1799; Caleb, b. June 17, 1802, m. Louisa Bowen, dr. of Reuben, lived in Fitzwilliam ; Silas, b. 1804, m. Eliza Flagg, of Winchendon ; Phila, b. 1806, m. Allen Bowen. yohn Boyce — Paul — m.Jan. 12, 1787, Lucy Dix, of Reading. He settled where David Thompson since lived. Removed to Vt., and there died. Had Hannah, b. Aug. 6, 1787, m. Daniel Cass, jr. ; Rox- ana, b. May 31, 1789, m. Robert Harkness ; John, b. Sept. 22, 1791, m. Polly Estes ; Martha, b. March 14, 1794, m. David Tolman; Mary, b. March 14,1794, m. Ebenezer Ballon ; Stephen, b. March 10, -1796, m. Tolman, of Troy ; James, b. May 5, 1800. Nathan Boyce — Paul — m. Zerviah Green, of Roy- alston, Feb. 13, 1787. Settled on L. 4, R. i, and thence removed to Fayston, Vt., about 1805. Had Mary, Dorcas, Dan, Nicene, Phebe, Arte'mas, Sarah, Jacob.- yacob Boyce — Paul — m. Rhoda, dr. of Jacob Bump, Jan. 4, 1791. Settled on the place known as the Elisha Perry farm, now owned and occupied by Nathaniel Hills. Was killed at Royalston by the kick of a horse. Had Stephen, b. March 2, 1792 ; Diana, who m. Elisha Perry ; and Rhoda, unmarried. Stephen Boyce — Paul — m. Joanna, dr. of Eph- raira Hix, Aug. 16, 1790. Settled on L. 4, R. 2, on or near the Lilburn Allen place. He d. Nov. i , 1790 ; 334 HISTORY OF THE she d. Dec, 28, 1846. Had one child, Prusia, b. Dec. I, 1790, m. Silas Whipple. Silas Boyce — Paul — m. Comfort, dr. of Moses Allen, 1798. Lived on the home place. Was a good scholar ; had considerable knowledge of some of the ancient languages, and of the higher mathematics ; studied medical works, was called Doctor, but never practiced medicine ; had no special opportunity for schooling. He d. Oct. i, 1818, aged 42 ; she d. Sept. 29, 1838, aged 64. Had eight children, viz. : Thom- as, b. June 27, 1800 ; Enoch, b. June 15, 1802 ; Paul, b. March 6, 1805 ; Jacob, b. June 27, 1807 ; Hannah, b. April 19, 1809, m. Tisdale Howard, of Winchendon ; Gratis, b. Sept. 17, 1811, m. Leonard Ballou ; Phebe, b. May 4, 1813, m. Amos Corey ; Lydia, b. April 29, 1815, unmarried, d. about i860. Robert Boyce — Cadish — Paul — ist m. widow Hannah Howard, dr. of Zephaniah Bowen ; 2d m. Rebecca, dr. of Thomas Boyce. He lived on his father's place. Had by Hannah : Robert F., b. Oct. 24, 1828; Russell W., b. Jan. 8, 1831 ; Zephaniah A., b. April 5, 1832; H. Eliza, b. Feb. 10, 1835. By Rebecca had Emily and Harriet. He d. April 19, 1849; Hannah d. Oct. 23, 1838. John Boyce — John — Paul — m. Polly Estes, dr. of Zacheus. Lived with his father until about 1829, when he removed to Barton, Vt. After a few years he returned, and finally removed to Indiana about 1838. Had Sally, John Dix, Marmaduke S., Ma- hala, Mariba, James, Polly, Edwin Plummer, Rox- ana, Diana, George, and Daniel Cummings. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 335 yames Boyce — John — Paul — m. Hannah, dr. of Wilderness Martin, Jan. 22, 1829. He had the mills and place since owned by Bowman Howe. He re- removed to Monroe, Mass., about 1840, and thence to Newfield, Tompkins Co., N. Y. Had Jasper, Paschal, and Madison. Thomas Boyce — Silas — Paul — m. Silvia, dr. of Silas Ballon, Oct. 25, 1821. Lived at place on the west end of his father's farm. Had Silas B., b. Dec. 22, 1822, m. Josephine, dr. of Esek BufFum, she d. May 16, 1871, he is now in Grand Rapids, Mich., has two daughters ; Rebecca, b. May 6, 1824 ; Sa- bina, b. Jan. 8, 1826, d. Oct. 12, 1829; Philander, b. Feb. 9, 1827, is m. and lives in Troy, N. Y. ; James, b. Feb. 9, 1830, lives in Keene, and has two children ; Susanna, b. June 13, 1832. He d. Feb. 9, 1857, aged 57 ; she d. March 19, 1857, aged 68. Enoch Boyce — Silas — Paul — m. widow Olive Stuart, dr. of Reuben Bowen, April 28, 1823. Lived on his father's place. Had eight children, viz. : Aldis, b. Nov. 22, 1823 ; Denzel, b June 2, 1825 ; Amanda, b. June 7, 1827 ; Lucena, b. April 7, 1829; Luana, b. Feb. 13, 1832; Alaric A., b. Feb. 12, 1834 ' Adaline, b. April 10, 1836. Cordelia, b. May 12,1839. He d. 1874 ; she d. Dec. 20, 1846, aged 49. Paul Boyce — Silas — Paul — m. Hannah Hana- ford, of Peterboro'. He removed to New Ipswich; was a tin peddler. Jacob Boyce — Silas — Paul — ist m., April 9, 1829, Olive, dr. of Russell Ballon; 2d m. Vilroy, dr; of Job Whitcomb, of Swansey, April 4, 1844. First lived on, the Benson place; removed to Troy, 1855, and thence to Berlin, Mass., 187 1, where he now 336 HISTORY OF THE resides. Olive d. Oct. 8, 1842. Had by Olive : Francis R., b. May 26, 1831 ; and by Vilroy had Anna O., b. July 23, 1848; and Charles E., b. May 4, 1852. John Dix Boyce — John — John — Paul — ist m. Amy, dr. of Jared Ballou. He lived on the Joseph Jaseph place. She d. June 11, 1872, and he 2d m. the widow of John Meads. No children. He d. 1883. Had his name changed by striking out the word Dix : He refused to leave his expected mate When the others went to a western state, Preferring always what was sure To uncertain things that oft allure. BRIGHAM. Elisha Brigham lived on the Abraham Arnold place from 181 1 to about 1835 ' thence he removed to the Jonathan Sweet farm, where he died. He was unmarried. His sister Betsey lived with him. At auction sales, and at prices high, Much worthless stuff he used to buj' ; Qviite often he would raise the bid, If rum was for the one that did. BRITTON. Dr. Martin Britton was a practising physician in town in i8io-'ii ; was the predecessor of Dr. Park- hurst, and lived in the corner-house opposite Pere- grine Wheeler's. He died while on a journey to the west, 1811. BROWN. Abraham Brown was f. s. on L. 20, R. 8. Sold to Benjamin Buffum, and removed to Swansey, 1788. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 337 James Brown m. Sarah Aldrich. He came from Gloucester, R. I., in 1777, and bought of John Dandley the farm now owned by Preston L. Freeman. He built the house now on the premises, 1787. Had Hannah, b. July 10, 1771, m., May 26, 1790, Rufus Kelton; Sarah, b. April 2, 1775, m. George Kelton; James, b. July, 1770, m. Perna Thayer, Aug. 18, 1799, re- moved to Troy, N. Y. ; Benjamin, b. July 24, 1773 ; George, m. Katherina Holbrook, Jan. 21, 1802. Austin Brown, b. Oct. 20, 1813, m. Susan, dr. of Joseph Randall, son oif Levi, Jan. 2, 1844. He bought the Stephen Buffum farm about 1844 ; lived there until 1853, when he removed to Philadelphia, where he d. Oct. 28,. 1863. Had two children, viz. : Emily E., b. Oct. 27, 1845, m. William A. Maynard, Esq.; Mary L., b. Oct. 2, 1847. Mrs. Brown and daughter now live in Keene. Zoheth Brown came from Providence, 1837 ; had half of the Crooker farm. He lived here a few years, and then returned to Providence. yose-ph N. Brown, from Winchester, bought the Thornton mills about 1864. Had Serussa H. and Ancil ; and by his second wife had Omer H. and five others. No record. He removed to Brookfield, Mass., about 1870. Omer H. Brown m., Aug. 5, 1873, Lucy A., dr. of Elisha Bolles ; lives near the Thornton mills. Had four children, viz. : Viola A., b. Nov. 26, 1873 ; Josephine M., b. Sept. 25, 1875; Eva E., b. Dec. 26, 1877 ; Flossie G., b. July i, 1882. 338 HISTORY OF THE BRYANT. Caft. Daniel C. Bryant ist m. (name unknown) ; 2d m. Susanna Byam. He came from Templeton, and lived first on the Richard Peters place, and from thence removed to the Ebenezer Cole place, near the town pound, and afterwards at various places in town. Was a blacksmith, and was captain of the Richmond company that went to the defence of the northern frontier in the war of 1812. Had by his first wife : Sally, m. Luther Cass ; Elizabeth, ist m. Applin, 2d m. Daniel Ellis. By Susanna : Chandler, b. Dec. 26, 1788 ; Calvin ; Chauncey, d. in Keene ; Samuel, d. in Pennsylvania ; Carlton, d. in Michigan ; Thomas, d. in Charlestown, N. H. She d. Oct. 5, 1843, aged 82 ; he d. April, 1840, aged 79. Chandler Bryant — Daniel C. — m. Mary, dr. of Daniel Cass, jr., was a blacksmith, and lived on the Rufus Whipple place. He d. March 21, 1875 ; she d. April 21, 1872. Had Susan M., b. Jan. 15, 1813 ; Daniel C, b. 1815, d. young; John A., b. March 9, 1819 ; Lydia C, b. March 6, 1825; S. Rosina, b. 1827, d. 1844; Jonathan C, b. Aug. 17, 1833- Calvin Bryant — Daniel C. — m., Feb. 27, 1812, Susanna, dr. of Ananias Aldrich. Lived on the Ananias Aldrich farm until about 1845, when he re- moved to the Samuel Carpenter place, and from thence to the George Buffum farm, where he d. June 5, 1864 ; she d. June 15, 1880. Had Hiram, b. Aug. 3, 1813 ; Nathaniel, b. Feb. 13, 1817 ; Diancy, b. Nov. 18, 1818, m. John W. Starkey ; Calvin, b. July 4, 1821 ; Luther, b. Oct. 2, 1823, d. Dec. 29, 1838; TOWN OF RICHMOND. 339 Mary Ann, b. Oct. lo, 1826, m. Samuel Willard ; Eliza Ann, b. Dec. i, 1828, m. John Scott, jr. ; Angela, b. Dec. i, 1830, m. N. G. Woodbury; Alphreda, b. May 6, 1833, m. H. Foster Thayer; Almarinda, b. June 21, 1835, m. Samuel Ball. Chauncey Bryant — Daniel C. — m. Harriet Un- derwood; lived in Keene. Had James U., William C, and Eliza A., m. Joseph S. Garner, of Gardner. He d. 1861 ; she d. 1836. John A. Bryant — Chatidler — Daniel C. — ist m., Nov. 25, 1847, Mary, dr. of Joseph Randall; she d. 1854. 2d m. Angenette Carey. Had by Mary : Sarah Rosina, b. 1849, ™' Henry Buss, of Marlboro'. Had by Angenette : Frank and Elsie. He lives in Winchester. Jonathan C. Bryant — Chandler — Daniel C. — m. Sarah O., dr. of Willard Randall, May 9, 1867 ; lives at the Four corners. Had Grace L., b. March 16, 1868. Hiram Bryant — Calvin — Daniel C. — ist m. Sarah M., dr. of Nathan Bullock, March 16, 1845 ; 2d m. Azubah, dr. of John Martin, April 23, 1857; 3d m. widow Dexter Palmer. Lived on the Samuel Carpenter place; also on the George Bufl'um, jr., farm a number of years ; now resides in Swansey. Had by Sarah M. : Henry L., Susan L., and Albert. Had by widow Palmer : Calvin. Sarah M. d. March 9, 1854; Azubah d. May 19, 1862. Nathaniel Bryant — Calvin — Daniel C. — m. , March 7, 1849, Lorinda, dr. of Wyman C. Thayer. 34° HISTORY OF THE He lived on the Wyman Thayer place. Had Lovina D., b. Nov. 9, 1849; Lorinda A., b. Oct. 23, 1850; Sultena L., b. Feb. 2, 1853; Laurena I., b. Nov. 24, 1855; Lewis W., b. Dec. 17, 1857, d. Feb. 26, 1878. He died a few years ago. George F. Bryant — Calvin — Daniel C. — m. Jane C, dr. of George Taylor; had no children. He d. Oct. 7, 1867. His widow m. Elliot Chapman. BUCKLEY. yohn Buckley, from New York, m. Martha J. Anderson, Aug. 4, 1865 ; came to town in 1880. He lives east of Tully brook, on a part of the old Ckpt. Boorn farm. Had Suidon, b. June 2, i860. BUFFUM. fedediak and yonathan, hro^ers, and Benjamin, a half brother, were sons of Joseph BufFum, of Smith- field, who was the fourth in descent from Robert Buf- fum, of Salem, in 1634. Moses and Caleb were sons of Benjamin, who was a brother of Joseph, all of Smithfield, all descendants of Robert, who came from England in 1630. The lineage runs thus : Joseph and Benjamin, brothers, sons of Benjamin, who was b. 1686, who was a son of Caleb, b. 1650, who was son of the first Robert. yedediah Buffum,h. 1737, m. Sarah Taft, sister of Nathaniel Taft, Sept. 22, 1757. Settled on L. 9, R. 6, the farm since occupied by his son Esek and Amos Bennett, and now owned by Nathaniel Naromore. The large house still standing on the premises was Old Buffum House. Old Corner Stoke (Four Corners, looking West). Seepage i66. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 34I the second two-story house built in town. Came into town 1763, was town treasurer from 1773 to 1803, and was six times chosen on the board of selectmen. He d. 1808; she d. 1815. Had eight children, viz. : Esther, b. April 12, 1758, m. Daniel Man; George, b. May 13, 1760; Esek, b. April 6, 1763 ; Robert, b. March 10, 1765 ; Jedediah, b. April 8, 1767 ; Sarah, b. Oct. 22, 1769, m. Verney Gaskill ; William, b. June 4, 1772 ; Candace, b. Jan. 29, 1776, m. Dr. Amos Howe. Esther, George, and Esek were born in Smithfield. George Buffum — Jedediah — ist m. Deliverance Winslow, June 13, 1781 ; 2d m. widow Hannah Col- burn. First lived on L. 19, R. 7, and then next on the Peter Holbrook place, L. 19, R. 8, and lastly had the farm now owned by Orlan Whipple, the house on which he built about 1815. He d. July 30, 1843, aged 83; Deliverance d. Sept. 27, 1824, aged 65. Had eleven children, viz. : Lydia, b. Feb. 24, 1782, m. Elias Taylor; Hannah, b. Oct. 26, 1784, d. Jan. 14, 1801 ; Joseph, b. May 10, 1786 ; George, b. May 30, 1788 ; Anna, b. Sept. 29, 1790, m. Nathaniel Naromore ; Jedediah, b. Nov. 24, 1792; Mijamin, b. Feb. 18, 1795 ; Thankful, b. May 26, 1797, m. Otis Corbin ; William, b. Oct. 5, 1799, d. Oct. 14, 1801 ; Job,b. Sept. 5, 1803, d.June 3, 1810 ; Dilla,b. June 9, 1806, d. June 4, 1853, aged 47. Esek Buffum — ; Jedediah — m. Lucretia, dr. of William CooTc. He bought the James Westcoat farm, the place now owned by Ozial Ballou. Lived there until his father's death, 1808, when he moved to the old homestead, where he lived until his death, 342 HISTORY OF THE Dec. 31, 1831, aged 69; she d. Oct. 9, 1855, aged 88. Had six children, viz. : Lovina, b. Nov. 29, 1786, m. jona. Rawson, Esq. ; James, b. Nov. 7, 1788; Sarah, b. May 13, 1791, m. Nathaniel Whip- ple; Priscilla, b. Aug. 2, 1793, m. Silas BufFum ; Betsey, b. May 9, 1802, m. Benjamin Crooker, jr. ; Lucretia, b. Aug. 5, 1804, m. Amos Bennett. Robert Buffuni — Jedediah — m., June 28, 1787, Lucy, dr. of Dan Whipple. Lived on the place since occupied by his son David, and now owned by Stephen W. Williams. Had eight children, viz. : Sally, m. Josiah Rawson, 1804 ; David, b. July, 1793 ; Stephen, b. 1796; Dan., b. 1798; Lucy, b. Oct. 13, 1800, m. Ballou Swan; Betsey, b. 1802, m. Henry Benson ; Eunice, b. 1802 ; Czarina, b. 1804, unmar- ried, d. Nov. 28, 1834, aged 30. He d. 181 1 ; she d. April 28, 1846, aged 76. Jedediah Buffuni, jr . — Jedediah — m.Oct. 28, 1787, Olive, dr. of Jonathan Gaskill. Lived with his father and died by suicide, June 29, 1789. Had by Olive one child, Olive, b. March 3, 1789, m. Samuel Pick- ering ; had \)y Abigail, dr. of Jonathan Cook, Jededi- ah, b. April 7, 1785. Jedediah Buffum ^d — Jedediah — Jedediah — m. Nancy Wilder, dr. of Levi Wilder, of Lancaster, Mass., and sister of the late S. V. S. Wilder, of Bolton. Lived on the farm now owned by Dennis Harkness. Built the large house and barn now standing on the place. Removed to Winchester, 1841. Had seven children, viz. : Sampson W., b. Aug. 16, 1807; Elizabeth, b. Feb. 2, i8io;Jede- TOWN OF RICHMOND. 343 diah, b. Feb. 27, 1813 ; Mary Ann, b. June 27, 1815 ; d. Oct. 8, 1832; Caleb, b. May 6, 1819; Benjamin, b. April 2, 1821 ; Lafayette, b. June 9, 1825. He and his wife both died in Winchester. Samfson W. Buffum, son of the above Jedediah 3d, was educated at Thomas Fry's school in Bolton. Was principal of an academy at Patterson, N. J. ; finally settled in Winchester, and has been widely known for the interest he has taken in agriculture gen- erally, but more particularly for his eftbrts in the im- provement of neat stock. He is deacon of the Con- gregational church. Jedediah Buffum, son of the above Jedediah 3d, m. Maria, dr. of Elijah Harkness. He removed to Win- chester; was a farmer and carpenter; was a soldier in the late war in the 14th N. H. Had two sons, viz. : Frank H., who has been a minister, but is now on the editorial staff of the Boston Herald; the other son, Julius, is a Methodist minister. He and his wife are both dead. William Buffum — Jedediah — ist m. Joanna Ar- nold, Sept. 29, 1791 ; 2d m. Mary Arnold, March 11, 1799, both drs. of Elijah Arnold, Esq., of Smithfield. Had the place next north of his father, since occupied by his son Esek. Kept the first store in the middle of the town, established by his father, 1795. Received an injury to his head from which he never fully recov- ered, causing partial insanity. He d. Dec. 9, 1859, aged 83; Mary d. Nov. 21, 1840. Had by Joanna, Candace, m. Richard Bowen ; by Mary had Sarah, b. April 27, 1801, m. Benoni Ballou ; Esek, b. Oct. 1803. 344 HISTORY OF THE Joseph Buffum — George — Jedediah — m. , May 31, 1810, Judith, dr. of Ananias Aldrich, and lived on the Peter Holbrook place, where his father had resided. Had Willard, b. July 26, 181 1, d. Sept. 20, 1831 ; Hannah, b. Sept. 30, 1813, d. Oct. 22, 1815 ; Joseph R., b. Dec. 8, 1815 ; Mary A., b. June 26, 1818, m. Luther Cheney, d. May 24, 1841 ; Fanny, b. Sept. 15, 1820, m. Joseph Starkey, d. March 24, 1861 ; George, b. April 19, 1823 ; Ananias, b. Nov. II, 1826; Silence M., b. Aug. 2, 1829, d. July 19, 1833 ; Angela A., b. Feb. 10, 1833, m. Asahel Ben- nett ; Thomas W., b. Oct. 13, 1835, d. Nov. 10, 1836. He d. July 16, 1861 ; she d. April 11, 1861. George Buffum — George — Jedediah — m., Jan. 10, 181 1, Rhoda, dr. of Joseph Newell ; lived on the place afterwards occupied by Josiah Lawrence. He d., by suicide, 1817 ; she d. Dec. 31, 1864. Had two children, viz. : Job, who now lives in Boston ; and Rhoda, who m. Oratus Verry. The widow Buffum 2d m. Stephen Rice, of Chesterfield. 'Jedediah Buffum — George — Jedediah — m. Ruth Buxton ; lived on the Obed Belles place ; removed to Marlboro', Vt. ; returned and built the house where N. Naromore lives ; returned again to Marlboro' about 1842, and from thence went to Michigan. Had twelve children, viz. : Emily, b. 1815 ; Thankful, Eliza, Fanny, Lydia, Thankful, George, Lucinda, Ruth C, Margaret, Mary Jane, and Fransina, b. 1841. Mijamin Buffum — George — Jedediah — m. Anna Davis, dr. of Wm. Weeks' wife ; lived on the Obed Bolles place, also on the Alfred Saben farm. The family moved to Shoboygan Falls, Wis., about 1850, TOWN OF RICHMOND. 345 ■ and left him behind. Had Sanford, Priscilla, Abysena, John, George William, and Julia Ann, who d. young. George William is a large land owner in Iowa. Joseph R. Buffum. — Joseph — George — Jedediah — m., May 9, 1842, Olive, dr. of Timothy Pickering, Esq. Had a pkrt of his father's farm, on which he built a house, the place now occupied by George H. Taylor. He left his family and went to Ohio in 1862, and has never returned. Had Helen J., b. Dec. 14, 1842, m. Joseph White, of Athol ; Mary E., b. April 14, 1847, m. Wales B. Bennett. Olive 2d m. Charles Norwood. George Buffum. — Joseph — George — Jedediah — - m. Sarah Ruffle ; lived in Keene, where he d. in a fit, June, 1846. fames Buffum — Esek — -Jedediah — m. Caroline, dr. of Simeon Cook ; lived on the James Cook place, now owned by Edson Starkey, Esq. Had ten chil- dren, viz. : Louisa, b. Sept. 29, 181 i,m. Rev. Elijah Bkrrows; Emeline, b. June 29, 1813, m. Nathaniel Adams, lives in Marshfield, Vt. ; Erastus, b. Aug. 7, 1815, d. in Boston; Montraville, b. Dec. 20, 1817, lives in Leominster; Carlon, b. Jan. 27, 1820, is a grocer in Boston, lives in Melrose ; Lovina, b. Jan. 30, 1822, d. Sept. 14, 1841 ; James, b. Aug. 14,1824; Caroline, b. Sept. 3, 1826, ist m. Alvin Starkey, 2d m. Asa Piper; Esek, b. June 14, 1829, d. June 3, 1882; Flavilla, b. Jan. 12, 1834; ^- ^^^- 3i) 1844. He d. Oct. 21, 1857, aged 69;. she d. Oct. 9, 1857, aged 65. David Buffum — Robert — Jedediah — m., March ID, 1813, Betsey Ann, dr. of Daniel Man. He had 346 HISTORY OF THE his father's place. Had no children. He d. May 6, 1873, aged 79; she d. May 19, 1871, aged 78. He became a large land owner and one of the more wealthy men of the town. Col. Stephen Buffum — Robert — Jedediah — m., Nov. 3, 1816, Hannah, dr. of Dr. Ebenezer Swan; lived on the place now owned by Henry Martin. The house was moved by him from the rear of the old Baptist meeting-house. He was out in the war of 1812, and was afterwards colonel of the 6th N. H. Reg. He d. June 16, 1843, aged 47 ; she d. April 18, 1841, aged 41. Had six children, viz. : Nancy, d. young ; James Monroe, b. 1819, d. Feb. 21, 1839; Lucy, b. March, 1823, ist m. John Parkhurst, jr., 2d m. A. J. F. Remington, March 31, 1847; Andrew J., b. April 18, 1828; Chastina, b. March 29, 1831 ; Polly, b. Feb. 22, 1833, m. Jarvis Ingalls. • Dan. Buffum — Robert — Jedediah — m.,Feb. 14, 1819, Nellie, dr. of Cyrus Garnsey ; has lived on the Garnsey place. He was out in the war of 1812, and went to the defence of Portsmouth ; is now the oldest man in town, and draws a pension. Had seven chil- dren, viz. : Larina, b. Aug. 16, 1819, m. William Wright, Esq.; David, b. Feb. 7,,i82i; Amos, b. March 13, 1824; Lucy, b. Feb. 13, 1826, m. Simon Lawrence, d. Jan. 30, 1869; Sally, b. Sept. 17, 1828, m. William Goodnow ; Mariette, b. Feb. 13, 1830, 1st m. A. C. Prescott, who d. Oct. 2, 1858, leaving a son, Frederick A., b. Sept. 20, 1858, 2d m. Charles H. Doolittle, March 14, 1865 ; Cyrus G., b. Oct. 10, 1832. She d. Aug. 4, 1864, aged 68. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 347 Caft. David Buffum — Dan. — Robert — Jedediah — m. Lurana, dr. of John Scott; lived first in the house next west of his father's, which he built, and from thence removed to West Swansey, where he engaged in the manufacture of furniture until 1862, when he enlisted in the i6th N. H. Reg., and was promoted to captain of Co. I, and was under General Banks in the Louisiana campaign ; was put in com- mand of a brigade in the retreat from Port Hudson. He d. of disease at New Orleans, June 19, 1863. His remains were returned to Richmond, and im- pressive services were held at his funeral in the Brick church. Had one daughter, Helen E. E., m. Dr. Earl Evans, of Winchester, with whom Mrs. BuflFum now resides. Caft. Amos Buffum — Dan. — Robert — Jedediah m., July ID, 1845, Betsey, dr. of John Barrus ; lived in Templeton when the war began. He enlisted first in the 25th Reg. Mass. Vols., and was promoted to a lieutenant ; secondly, enlisted in the 36th Reg. Mass. Vol., and was promoted to captain of Co. G. He was killed at Petersburg, June 18, 1864, aged 40. Had one daughter, who m., and lives at Templeton. Cyrus G. Buffum — Dan. — Robert — Jedediah^ — m. Lizzie Witt, of Hubbardston,and lived in Temple- ton when the war commenced. Enlisted in the 36th Mass. ; was corporal of Co. D, and d. at Louisville, Ky., Aug. 12, 1863. Esek Buffum — William — Jedediah — ist m. Al- mira SaflFord, of Warwick, R. L ; 2d m. Harriet Keith, of Keene. Lived first in Providence, R. I. ; lastly, on his father's place in Richmond. He d. 1844, aged 41 ; Harriet d. 1866, aged 64. By 348 HISTORY OF THE Almira he had Samuel, who lives in the city of New York. By Harriet he had Napoleon B., enlisted in 14th N. H., and d. in the service ; Mary, m. Foster ; Josephine, m. Silas B. Boyce ; James, enlisted in ist Reg. H. A., lives in Swansey ; Jane, m. Alfred Tolman. Jonathan Buffum, son of Joseph BufFum, of Smith- field, settled on L. 4, R. 6, about 1763 ; made a clear- ing and built a log-house, and sold the same to Nathan Harkness, 1773, and removed to Grafton, N. H. Had six children. Moses Buffum, son of Benjamin BufFum, of Smith- field, m., Dec. 22, 1779, Sarah, dr. of Jonathan Gas- kill. He lived on the west side of the road, south of Jesse Bolles', and north of the Caleb Buffum place. Had three children. Caleb Buffum, brother of Moses, ist m., Aug. 15, 1784, Tamer Gaskill, dr. of Jonathan Gaskill ; 2d m., March 25, 1787, Hannah, a sister of Tamer. He bought of Moses Cumstock his farm, L. 6, R. 4. The house was moved by Jesse Bolles years ago, and the same is now occupied by Edwin, Jesse's youngest son. He d. 1803, aged 45. His widow 2d m. Stephen Raymond, of Royalston ; she d. 1856, aged 87. Had six children, viz. : Polly, b. 1787, m. • Calvin Forbes; Caleb, b. 1789; Silas, b. 1790, m. Priscilla, dr. of Esek BufFum, removed to Vermont ; James, b. 1792, ist m. Ruth Bliss, 2d m. Frances A. Fifield, he lives in Keene, aged 90 ; Elizabeth, m. Enoch Metcalf, of Royalston ; Benjamin, b. 1799, m. Sarah Bliss, he lives in Royalston ; and Gaskill, who probably died young. Benjamin Buffum, son of Joseph, of Smithfield, and half brother of Jedediah, m. Rhoda Scott ; lived TOWN OF RICHMOND. 349 on the John Wing place, L. ii, R. 2, next north of Silas Jillson's. He removed to the Jonathan Thurber place, 1836, and there died soon after. Had no children. BULLOCK. The ancestor of the families of this name in town was Christofher, who came from Rehobath early in the history of the town, and settled on the place known as the Cass Bullock farm. He was well in years when he came, and had a son Jeremiah, and brothers Nathan and David, and cousin Moulton. These brothers lived in town a few years, and then re- moved to Royalston, and finally went west. Of Na- than we only know that he was in the service a while in the Revolutionary war. Jeremiah Bullock, son' of Christopher, b. in Cum- berland, Aug. 7, 1748, m. Adah Cass, dr. of Deacon John Cass, Dec. 22, 1771. After the father's death' he continued on the homestead, and finally he d. with his son Chistopher, in Winchester. Had ten chil- dren, viz. : Nathan, b. 1773 ; Lovel, b. April 16, 1775 ; Sarah, b- Oct. 7, 1776; Adah, b. June 5, 1778, d. July 16, 1778; Joel, b. May 16, 1779; Cass, b. Nov. 10, 1781 ; Jeremiah, b. July 3, 1783; Adah, b. Feb. 7, 1786; Christopher, b. June i, 1788; Susannah, b. July 25, 1790. Of these only Nathan and Cass re- mained in town. Nathan Bullock — Jeremiah — Christopher — m. Sarah Jillson, dr. of Paul, Feb. 16, 1804. He lived on the farm now owned by Watrous Garnsey, which was settled by Abraham Man, whose wife was a sister of Mr. Bullock's mother. Had eleven children, viz. : 3SO HISTORY OF THE Adah C, b. Dec. 23, 1804, m. Job Martin ; Anna C, b. Sept. S, 1806; Martha C, b. May 16, 1808; Ra- chel J., b. Feb. 27, 1810; Esther J., b. Oct. 5, 1811 ; Nathan H., b. May 13, 1813, d. about 1830; Sarah M., b. Dec. 23, 1814, m. Hiram Bryant; Mehita B., b. Jan., 1817 ; AndrewJ., b. Aug. 27, 1819 ;Paul J., b. Jan. 14, 1822; Susan L., b. Jan. 28, 1825. None living in town at present. He d. May 18, i860, aged 86; she d. July 12, 1868, aged 87. Cass Bullock — Jeremiah — Christopher — m. Han- nah Perry of Warwick. He lived on his father's place. He d. Dec. i, 1854, aged 73; she d. May 22. 1862, aged 85. Had Hannah, b. 1805, m. Martin Ellis; Cass, b. 1803 ; Asa, b. July 29, 1807. Andrew "J. Bullock — Nathan — Jeremiah — Chris- topher — m. Newell. He removed to Woonsocket, R. I., where he still resides. Paul y. Bullock — Nathan — Jeremiah — Christo- pher — lives with his sister in Gardner. Not m. Cass Bullock, Jr. — Cass — Jeremiah — Christopher — m. Candace, dr. of Dea. Martin Ellis. Lived on the old homestead until he removed to Swansey, 1869. He d. Sept. 22, 1875. Had one child, Emmerancy, b. Sept. 8, 1834, '"• Andrew B. Cook, and lives in Swansey. Asa Bullock — Cass — Jeremiah — Christopher — 1st m. Tamasin, dr. of Jonathan Cass; 2d m. Amy, dr. of Robert Swan. He lived on the Deacon Ellis farm, the place now occupied by his son Henry. He d. Aug. 19, 1874 ' Tamasin d. Aug. 28, 1839. ^^^ TOWN OF RICHMOND. 35I by Tamasin : Asa H., b. Jan. 9, 1833 ; had by Amy : Henry, b. May 2, 1849," lives on his father's place with his mother; Elizabeth H., b. Aug. 5, 1853, m. John P. Nutting. Asa H. Bullock, son of Asa, m. Mary, dr. of Stephen Randall, Oct. 15, 1855. Lives on the Major John Cass place, and has in connection therewith the John Starkey farm. Had five children, viz. : Stephen, A., b. Feb. 9, 1857 ; Luther C, b. Dec. 26, 1858, d. March 11, 1859; MaryD., b. June 25, i860, d. Dec. 20, 1864; Frank R., b. Oct. 23, 1861, d. Sept. 8, 1862 ; Myron E., b. Nov. 28, 1866, d. March 30, 1869. Mary, his wife, d. Oct. 2, 1884. Stephen A. Bullock, son of Asa H., m. Emma A. Thayer, April 9, 1879. ^^^ Frank S., b. Jan. 6, 1880. Stephen A. lives with his father. David Bullock m. Mary, dr. of Rev. Maturin Bal- lon, Oct. 20, 1771. He appears to have settled, on or near the farm where Silas Ballon, the poet lived, also to have lived a short time at the middle of the town. About 1785 he removed to Royalston, and finally re- moved to York state. Left no record of family. • Moulton Bullock m. Prudence. The place of his settlement in town is not known. Was on the board of selectmen, 1773. Removed to Royalston and set- tled on the place next south of his brother, Hugh Bul- lock. Had three children, Althea, b. May 22, 1765 ; Nathaniel, b. April 19, 1767 ; Olive, b. April 20, 1769. He d. 1819, aged 75 years. Nathaniel Bullock, son of Moulton, m. Feb. 28, 1790, Priscilla, dr. of James Ballou. He lived in 352 HISTORY OF THE Royalston. She d. March lo, 1793. Had Nathan- iel, b. 1792. Nathaniel Bullock, jr., son of Nathaniel, m. Lo- vina, dr. of Seth Ballou, jr. Removed to Readsboro', Vt., where he died a few years ago. BUMP. yacoh Bump,h. 1738, in Mendon, m. Dinah Slew, of Smithfield, Sept. 29, 1760. Was among the first settlers. Came from Smithfield i76i-'2, occupied for three or four years L. 6, R. 6, recently owned by Jonathan Cass. His house was near Muddy pond, the south end of Cass pond. He removed to the place now occupied by George B. Handy about 1766 ; he built the house now standing on the premises, from thence re- moved to Swansey, on the place afterwards owned by David and Virgil Holbrook. Returned to town about 1805, and bought the Maturin Ballou farm, the place now owned by Noah Perry. He was out in the old French and Indian war three months, in i759-'6o. He d. Dec. 17, 1829, in his 92d year; she d. Nov. 25, 1818, in the 78th year of her age. Had ten chil- dren, the oldest was born before his first settlement in town, viz. : Stephen, b. Jan. 30, 1761 ; Asa, b. Jan. 29, 1763 ; Laban,*b. Aug. 29, 1765 ; Lavina, b. May 9, 1767, 1st m. Richard Sweet, 2d m. Nathan Bowen ; Wanton, b. July 9, 1769 ; Rhoda, b. April 25, 1771, 1st m. Jacob Boyce, 2d m. Philemon Parker; Eliza- beth, b. May 3, 1775, m. David Martin; Barnet, b. June 27, 1779, ™- Phebe Bowen ; Jacob, b. May 12, 1783, m. Lydia Bowen ; Silvia, m. Stephen Boorn. The sons all removed to the Butternuts, which is in Otsego Co., N. Y., about 90 miles south-west from Albany, and to Harvard, in the same state. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 353 BUTTERFIELD. Erasmus Butterjield, from Westmoreland, m. Esther Sweetser, of Marlboro'. Lived in the house with Timothy Pickering. Was here from 1819 to 1824 ; was a lawyer, the only one that has ever taken up his abode here. Had John, d. March 2, 1864; Charles ; Harriet, who m. Samuel D. Allen ; and a daughter, Sarah, who m. William Whittemore, of Fitzwilliam. BUXTON. Elijah Buxton m. Deliverance, dr. of Elder Na- thaniel Bolles. Lived on the Obed Bolles place, 1823 ; removed to Reading, Mass. CAPRON. Ca^t. Oliver Cafron, son of Banfield Capron, of Cumberland, b. July i, 1736, m. Esther Free- man, came into town 1765. He was f. s. on the Cheney farm, now owned by St. Clair, L. 24, R. 12, next to the Warwick line; was captain of a company that marched to Cambridge soon after the Concord fight, and was at the battle of Bunker Hill ; and was also captain of a company that went to the relief of Ticonderoga, 1777 ; was colonel of a regiment of militia, and was also first represen- tative of the town to the General Court, and a justice of the peace. He removed from town to Canada, . but returned to Swansey, and there d., 1816, while living with his daughter who m. Calvin Wright, aged 80. Had seven children, viz. : Nathan, Otis, Oliver, m. Hannah Work ; Thaddeus, b. Dec. 6, 1764 ; 23 354 HISTORY OF THE Alpheus, b. July 21, 1770; Hannah, b. April 6, 1767 ; and Elizabeth. Otis Cafron — Oliver — ist m. Judith Gale, by whom he had six children ; 2d m. Polly King, and by her had Gilbert, Sarah, Judith, b. Dec. 13, 1801, m. Nicholas Cook; Alpha, Luther M., Polly, m. Robin- son Bolles ; Rev. Edmund Capron, and Martha. He lived a while on the Caleb Curtis place ; resided also a longer time in Winchester, where he died. Alfheus Capron — Oliver — m. Lucy Stanley, of Swansey. He bought, 1818, the cloth-dressing works at North Richmond. Had Elon, b. June 18, 1810 ; Irene, b. 1812, m. Ambrose Swan ; Almena, b. 1814. He d. 1822, aged 52 ; she d. May, 1866, aged 85. Elon Capron — Alpheus — Oliver — m. , Jan. i , 1834, Almarine, dr. of Robert Swan ; removed to Peterboro'. Had Lizzie, b. Oct. 21, 1834; Alpheus, b. March, 1837. He d. in Winchester, May 7, 1855, aged 45. His widow resides in Winchester. CARGILL. James Cargill, b. in Cumberland, April 22, 1762, m. Chloe , b. in Westminster, Vt. , Sept. 28, 1766. He bought L. 6, R. 3, the place since owned by John Martin, Kinsman, and others. Had eight children. He removed to Pennsylvania, 1814. CARKIN. William O. Carhin, b. in Tyngsboro', Mass., ist m. Ellen Stiles; ad m., July 4, 1868, Mary Jane TOWN OF RICHMOND. 355 Dearborn, of Maine. He moved to the Colonel Jill- son place, 1879, where he now resides. Had by Ellen : AUie W., b. June 3, 1862; Willie, b. March 29, 1866. Had by Mary Jane: Frank E., b. May 14, 1869; Ida G., b. April 7, 1872; Isaac A., b. April i3> 1875 5 Adah Jane, b. Jan. i, 187^. CARPENTER. Samuel Carpenter, of Rehobath, bought of Jabez Bowen, L. 14. R. 7, 1784. He was f. s. on the Southwick, or Hubbard Reed farm, now owned by Ebenezer Cook ; built the house now standing on the premises. He d. about 1800. Had Sarah, Jede- diah, Samuel, and, probably some others. yedediah Carpenter — Samuel — m. Sally Hill. He lived on the William BufFum place about 1805. Daniel Carpenter, probably a brother of Samuel, was f. s. on the Reuben Martin farm. He bought of Rev. Isaac Kenney his farm, L. 7, R. 8, the old Cumstock place, and sold the same to Nathan Hark- ness about 1805. Had Timothy, Hannah, Mary, Daniel, and Isaac Kenney. John L. Carpenter, son of Sidney Carpenter, of Swansey, m. Alfreda (Martin) Fisher, Oct., 1875. He lives on the Jacob Sweet place. CARROLL. Lucius Carrol, son of Elvira Barrus, was brought up by Charles Whipple ; he lives on the Enoch Whip- ple place, m. Harriet Robbins, of Warwick. He is now divorced ; has no children. 3S6 HISTORY OF THE CARTER. William. T. Carter, b. in Leeds, Eng., 1812, came to this country in 1825 ; was thirteen years in the United States army, including service in the late war. He 1st m. Ann McCormick, by whom he had six children; 2d m. Elizabeth Corcoran, widow of Henry M. Smith. Came to town 1881 ; lives on the place first settled by Stephen Kimpton, known as the John Pickering, or Seth Curtis place. Had by Elizabeth : Lilla, b. Aug. i, 1867, d. April 2, 1883 ; Walter E., b. March 14, 1869. CASS. Three by the name of Cass, John, Daniel, and Luke, were among the first settlers. John came from Cumberland, where he resided after his marriage un- til his removal to Richmond. Daniel and Luke were from Smithfield. What relation these may have had to each other does not appear. The yohn- Cass Family. Dea. 'John Cass, then of Mendon, m., Feb. 18, 1736, Alice Brown, of Bellingham. Was f. s. on the farm which has been occupied since his time by Tim- othy and Ezra Cole, Simeon Cook, and is now oVvned by Perley Amadon, L. 8, R. 9. He was the first innkeeper in town. Jedediah Buffum's family, when he removed to town in the spring of 1763, was enter- tained at his house. They came with an ox-team, probably through Winchester or Warwick. At his house was held the first town meeting, and Mr. Cass was the moderator. Had Joseph, b. 1738 ; Mary, b. Aug. 15, 1742 ; Alice, b. Feb. 6, 1743 ; John, b. Jan. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 357 I, 1745 ; David, b. Aug. 9, 1747 ; Hannah, b. Jan. 26, 1748, d. 1750; Adah, b. July 16, 1750, m. Jeremiah Bullock; Ziba, b. July 20, 1755; Joel, b. Nov. 22, 1757 ; ^^^ Susanna, m. John Dandley, all born in Cumberland. He d. 1802. Josef h Cass — John — m. Rachel, dr. o/John Mar- tin, sr. He settled on the Dan. Buffum farm, L. 9, R. II. His house was on the old road south of the buildings now on the place. Hed. 1800. What became of most of the family does not appear. Children : Jo- seph, Iddo, Hannah, Hosea, Naomi, Margery, Ra- chel, Zilpha, Joseph, Nedebiah, and Luke. Joseph and some of the others removed to Exeter, N. Y. Rachel m. James Work, Zilpha m. Jona. Martin. John Cass — John — m. Lydia Taft, sister of Na- thaniel Taft. Settled on the farm since owned by John Starkey and AsaH. Bullock, L. 13, R. 8. He erected a large two-story house on the premises, which was taken down a few years ago by N. G. Wood- bury, and removed to Keene. He d. April 10, 1828, aged 82 ; she d. Feb. 4, 1838, aged 86. Had twelve children, viz.: Ono, b. May 26, 1769; Hannah, b. Aug. 26, 1770, m. Asahel Bennett ; John, b. Oct. 31, 1772; Nathan, b. April 4, 1776, d. Oct. 14, 1778; Lydia, b. July i, i777, m. Otis Cook; Susanna, b. Sept. 23, 1779; Silence, b. March 27, 1782; Kesiah, b. Aug. 3, 1783, 1st m. Aaron Whipple, 2d m. Ben- jamin Newell; Molly, b. May 20, 1786; Sarah, b. Jan. 6, 1789, m. John Starkey; Mary, b. Oct. 13, 1790, m. Nathaniel Boorn ; Sally, b. Nov. 9, 1793, m. Page. 3S8 HISTORY OF THE David Cass — Dea. John — m. Kesiah Arnold, of Smithfield, Feb. i6, 1762. Was f. s. on the farm now owned by Davis Sprague, L. 5, R. 9. Erected the house still standing on the premises, but now in a dilapidated condition ; he sold to John IngersoU about 1794, and removed from town. Had two children : Lydia, aind Freelove, m. Timothy Barrus. IngersoU sold to Ebenezer Blanding, and Blanding sold to Thomas Goddard. yoel Cass — Dea. John — m. Lydia Hix,Jan. 24, 1779. ^^ appears to have lived with his father and had a blacksmith shop. Removed from town about 1805. Had seven children, viz., John, Alice, Mary, Ephraim, Lydia, Joel, and Eunice. He removed to the state of N. Y. Ono Cass — John — John — ist m. Bethiah Whip- ple, Jan. 7, 1796, 2d m. Betsey, dr. of Noah Bisbee, Feb. 22, 1816. Had by Bethiah, Lydia, b. April 13, 1796, m. Carlton Bryant; Amy, b. Feb. 28, 1798. His wife Bethiah d. Sept. 16, 1800. He removed to Penn. Maj. John Cass — John — John — m. Sally Eddy Potter, April 5, 1795. Lived on the place no.w owned and occupied by Asa H. Bullock, a part of L. 13, R. 8. He was frozen to death on the old road west of the Crooker place, while returning home on the night of Jan. 21, 1831. Had an infant son, died; Ono T., b. May 20, 1793 ; Polly P., b. Feb. 3, 1800, m. Peleg Taft, jr.; Moses P., b. April 11, 1802; Nathan, b. Jan. 18, 1805, d. April 20, 1806; Almina Eddy, b. Feb. 8, 1807, m. Daniel Saben. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 359 Ono T. Cass — John — John — John — m. Sarah B., dr. of Enos Holbrook, Jan. 2, 1830. Was a tan- ner and currier ; served apprenticeship with Daniel Bassett ; carried on business at the tannery at the FdUr corners a while, and then removed to Jackson, Mich. Had Isaac H., b. Jan. 27, 1331 ; and John R., b. March 31, 1832. He separated from his wife, and she went with her father's family to Princeton, 111. Moses P. Cass — John — John — John — lived on his father's place while he remained in town. Removed to Westmoreland about 1850, where he married. .After the death of his wife he removed to Chesterfield, and there died by suicide, Jan., 1883, aged 81. The Daniel- Cass Family . Daniel Cass, from Smithfield, b. Nov. 29, 1724, m., April 7, 1744, Mary Cook. Was f. s. on the farm now owned by Jonas Wheeler, L. 7, R. 6. He sold to Jaazaniah Barrett, and moved to the next lot south, and lived with his son Daniel, 1791. He was a large land owner, and the only one of the original three Casses who has descendants bearing the name now living in town. Had Samuel, b. Aug. 10, 1746 ; Joseph, b. March 31, 1748; Hannah, b. Jan. 10. 1749, m. Nathaniel Taft; Mary, b. March 30, 1752, m. Richard Peters ; Daniel, b. Oct. 24, 1753 ; Jonathan, b. March 31, 1756; Josiah B., b. Sept. 24, 1757; Sarah B., b. Nov. 19, 1759, m. Abner Twitchell ; John, b. July 30, 1763; Mordica, b. Dec. 23, 1765. All the children except John and Mordica were born in Smithfield. He d. Oct., 1798, aged 74. 360 HISTORY OF THE Samuel Cass — Daniel — settled on the east part of his father's farm, known formerly as Orchard hill. He probably returned to Rhode Island. 'Josef h Cass — Daniel — ist m., July 12, i770> Mary Estey ; 2d m. Molly Hews, April 4, 1782; 3d m. Isabella Cass, widow of Luke, 1815. He lived on the old road west of Roscoe Weeks', the place first set- tled by Azariah Cumstock, and there resided from 1769 until 1792, when he bought Henry Ingalls' farm, where he lived the remainder of his life. Had by Mary seven children, and by Molly eight, viz. : by Molly : Mary, b. Dec. 5, 1782 ; James, b. March 11, 1784; Nancy, b. April 8, 1786; Joseph, b. April 12, 1788; Luther, b. Dec. 6, 1790; Calvin, b. Jan. 22, 1793 ; Lucy, b. April 25, 1795 ; Nahum, b. June 27, 1799. Daniel Cass, jr. — Daniel — m. Lydia, dr. of Jona. Sweet, March 30, 1781. Lived on the place recently occupied by Jonathan Cass. Built the house still standing on the place. Had nine children, viz. : Jon- athan, b. March 7, 1782 ; Daniel, b. July 30, 1783 ; Lydia, b. March 28, 1785, ist m. Abraham Boorn, 2d m. Alpheus Cressey ; Marmaduke, b. Oct. 2, 1788, d. young; Phebe, b. May 5, 1791, m. Cyrus Church; Hannah, b. April 9, 1793, m. Coburn ; Mary, b. June 8, 1795, m. Chandler Bryant; Sarah, b. Aug. 20, 1797, m. Otis Blanding ; Welcome, d. in infancy. fonathan Cass — Daniel — ist m. Zilpah, dr. of John Martin, March 21, 1779; 2d m. Lydia Sargent, of Fitzwilliam. His farm was part of L. 15, R. 4, the place where Joseph Swan now lives. He spent the last years of hjs life in Fitzwilliam. He d. May TOWN OF RICHMOND. 361 II, 1838, aged 82 ; Zilpah d. May 25, 1808. Had by Zilpah nine children, viz. : Sarah, b. June 15, 1780, d. 1798; Martin, b. Dec. 3, 1781 : Provided, b. Oct. 24, 1783, m. Gardner; Daniel, b. Jan. 26, 1785; Mary, b. Nov. 26, 1786, m. Caleb Garfield ; Jonathan, b. May 7, 1788, d. Jan. 23, 1818; Hannah, b. March 18, 1791, m. Michael Perry; Zilpah, b. Nov. 30, 1792, m. Lilburn Allen; Otis, b. Aug. 2, 1795. "Josiah Cass — Daniel — m. Deborah . The place of his residence appears to have been on L. 7, R. 7, where Roscoe Weeks now lives. He d. Oct. 8, 1777, leaving one son, Nathan, b. Feb. 19, 1777, m. Tirza, dr. of Michael Barrus, June i, 1796; lived on his father's place until 1803. John Cass — Daniel — m. Esther Wool ey, Jan. 3, 1782; 2d m. Sarah Kelton, of Warwick, Sept. 21, 1800. His place was on the old road west of Roscoe Weeks'. The house was moved to the Four corners, about 1814, by George Harkness. He removed from town about 1806. By Esther he had Samuel, Esther, John, Daniel, and Matthew. Mordica Cass — Daniel — ist m. Amy, dr. of Jonathan Sweet; settled first on the Bill Weeks place. His house was on the old road. Had twelve children, viz : 'Richard, Silas, Sally, Amy, d. 1849 ; Anna, m. Reuben Man ; Sarah, Laban, Nathan, Josiah, Jonathan, Luke, and Levi, b. Sept. 25, 1809. Mordica 2d m. Man, by whom he had no chil- dren. His 2d wife committed suicide, by drowning, in a small brook north of Noah Perry's, about 1845, near the schoolhouse. He died about 1840. 3^2 HISTORY OF THE Joseph Cass — Joseph — Daniel — m. . He resided on the Henry Ingalls farm, where his father had lived, the place now owned by Mrs. Benjamin Clark. He d. in Smithfield, R. I., 1827. Had Levi, Cordelia, and Joseph. Luther Cass — Joseph — Daniel — m. Sarah, dr. of Daniel C. Bryant. He lived on the place now occupied by his daughter Lavina. Had James, b. Dec. 20, 1815 ; Nancy, b. May 5, 1817, d. 1883; Lavina, b. Feb. 11, 1819 ; Elizabeth, b. July 17, 1821, m. James Longley ; Ozro T., b. Feb. 20, 1823. He d. April 11, 1862, aged 71 ; she d. April 15, 1868, aged 81. fames Cass — Luther — Joseph — Daniel — m., Feb. 15, 1848, Mary, dr. of Rufus Taft, of Win- chester. He lived on the place with his father, and built the house now standing on the premises. He d. Oct. 5, 1855. Had James B., b. March 28, 1849; Frank L., b. Oct. 12, 1852 ; Edward W., b. Feb. 23, 1856. Mrs. Cass and family removed to Winchester. Ozro T. Cass — Luther — Joseph — Daniel — m. , Jan. 4, 1852, Harriet L. Hanks, of Endfield, Mass. He bought the Deacon Ephraim Hix farm, and built the house now standing on the same. He d. July 29, 1871. Had Charles H.,b. Oct. 11, 1852 ; Hattie A., b. Sept. 17, 1855, d. Nov. 29, 1877 ; Willie O., b. May 27, i860; Luther E., b. Sept. 20, 1862 ; Lizzie S., b. Nov. 17, 1864; Fred. W., b. March 30, 1868. Charles H. Cass — Ozro T. — Luther — Joseph — Daniel — m., July 17, 1879, Lilla Mellen, dr. of TOWN OF RICHMOND. 363 Isaac N. Had Hattie, b. April, 1881 ; Harry, b. April, 1883. Jonathan Cass — Daniel — Daniel — m. Tamasin, dr. of Dr. Ebenezer Swan, Jan. i, 1804; lived with his father. He d. Dec. 31, 1841 ; she d. March 3, 1852, aged 66. Had Isaac, b. April, 1805, d. Oct. 25, 1830 ; Tamasin, b. 1807, m. Asa Bullock ; Lydia, b. Sept. 4, 1810, m. Daniel Man ; Mary S., b. March 26, 1813, m. Martin Kingsley ; Phebe, b. Nov. 21, 1821 ; Amina, b. Dec. 24, 1824,10. Stephen Handy; Jonathan, b. Sept. 22, 1827. Jonathan Cass — Jona. — Daniel — Daniel — m. Susan B. Watkins, of Swansey, Jan. i, 1852. Lived where his father did; d. Jan. 7, 1878. Had Oscar B.,b. Nov. 22, 1852; Laura I., b. Feb. 15, 1857; Eugene J., b. Sept. 7, 1859; Edgar D., b. April 26, 1865 ; George H., b. Aug. 3, 1868 ; his widow lives on the Daniel Man farm. Daniel Cass jd — Daniel — Daniel — m., Jan. i, 1806, Hannah, dr. of John Boyce. Lived on the farm settled by Israel Phillips, L. 6, R. 3, the place now owned by Mrs. Amos A. Flint. Had Tryphena, b. July 24, 1811, m. Levi Cass; Jarvis, b. Nov. 28, 1813 ; Melancy, b. March 11, 1816, m. Carlos Jewell ; J. Harrison, b. Jan. 4, 1819, d. about 1844 ; Daniel, b. Nov. 7, 1821 ; Hannah, b. Oct. 7, 1823 ; Emily, b. March 3, 1826; Elmira, b. Nov. 13, 1828 ; Angela, b. Dec. 6, 183 1. Removed with his son Daniel to Iowa, where he d. She d. March 15, 1857. Jarvis Cass — Daniel — Daniel — Daniel — ist m. Nov. 28, 1839, Rachel Cook, dr. of Anson Cook, of 364 HISTORY OF THE Cumberland; 2d m. Almira (Shepherd) Curtis, of Barre, and widow of Marcus Curtis, Feb. 24, 1858. Had by Rachel: Anson, Lewis, Melancy, d., and Emily, d. By Almira had Charles D., b. Jan. 10, 1859; Marion M., b. Aug. 28, 1861 ; Mir a J., b. May 16, 1863. He d. in the army, 1863 ; Almira 3d m. Benjamin W. Bliss. ■ y. Harrison Cass — Daniel — Daniel — Daniel — was a giant in frame, nearly seven feet in height, and died when about 25 years of age. Daniel Cass — Daniel — Daniel — Daniel — m. April 18, 1848, Betsey A. Bennett. Removed to Iowa, 1857, and took his father with him. Amory Cass — Daniel — Daniel — Daniel — ist m., Aug. 24, 185 1, Sally A. Jillson ; 2d m. Emily A. Davis, Oct. 23, 1856. Lived first on the Ebenezer Ballou farm. Now resides in Keene. Had Ellen S.,b. Oct. 6, 1857 ; Emma J., b. June 4, 1859; Henry W., b. Feb. 4, 1861 ; George W., b. April 27, 1863 : Bert A., b. March 17, 1868 ; Ola B., b. Jan. 5, 1872. Laban Cass — Mordica — Daniel — m. April 6, 1823, Matilda, dr. of Hendrick Martin. Moved to Barton, Vt., 1825. Luke Cass — Mordica — Daniel — moved to Bar- ton, 1832. Had no children. Levt Cass — Mordica — Daniel — m.,Dec. 3,1835, Tryphena, dr. of Daniel Cass. Lived on the Samuel Gaskill place. He d. Jan. 24, 1875. She 2d m. Phile- tus Ballou. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 365 Martin Cass — Jonathan — Daniel — m . Dec . 31, 1801 , Margaret, dr. of Moses Allen, sr. Settled on east part L. 20, R. 5, the placenow owned by J. F. Bal- lon. He d. Oct. 30, 1837, aged 55 ; she d. May 2, 1865, aged 81. Had fifteen children, viz. : Olvin, b. June 5, 1803; Margaret, b. March 24, 1805, m. Hosea Ellis; Martin, b. March 24, 1805; Grace, b. Dec. ID, 1806; Sylvester, b. Aug. 25, 1808; Josiah B., b. March 19, 1810; Augustus, b. Jan. 4, 1812; Sarah, b. Aug. 4, 1813, m. Willis; Edwin, b. May 25, 1815 ; Willard, b. June 10, 1817 ; Ahaz, b. April 26, 1819 ; Zephaniah A., b. July 4, 1821 ; Nahum, b. Sept. 7, 1823 ; Moses A., b. Oct. 24, 1825 ; Mary, b. May 8, 1828, m. David W. Harris. Olvin Cass — Martin — Jonathan — Daniel — m. Sept. 21, 1828, Susanna, dr. of Stephen Harris. He removed to Vermont, and there died. Orace Cass, son of Martin — m. Sept. 12, 1833, Mercy, dr. of Obediah Sprague. He removed to Vermont, and there died. Sylvester Cass, son of Martin, m. Lydia Emerson, Sept. 15, 1836, dr. of Moses. Had Abigail, b. June 15, 1837 ; Wyman, b. Dec. 28, 1839, ^' J^"^- 29, 1843. He d. about 1870. Josiah B. Cass — son of Martin, m. Eliza Willis, of Swansey, and d. July 4, 1866, aged 56. Augustus Cass — son of Martin, m. Angela, dr. of Noah Aldrich. He lived a few years after his mar- riage on the farm settled by his grandfather ; from 366 HISTORY OF THE there removed to the Luke Cass place. About 1845 he removed to Tioga Co., Penn., and soon after his house was burnt, and he died in consequence of in- haling the flames. Had four children, viz. : Martin, Margaret, Lafayette, and Loretta. Ed-will Cass, son of Martin, m. Alcesta, dr. of David Harris. He lived on the Otis Cass place, now owned by Josiah Newell. He d. Dec. 21, 1855. Had Augusta E., b. Jan. 28, 1842, d. April 21, 1858; Charles W., b. Jan. 28, 1842, d. Jan. 7, 1865. His widow m. David Martin. Willard Cass, son of Martin, m. Esther Cass, dr. of Laban. Removed to Penn. 'Akaz Cass, son of Martin, m.. May 20, 1847, Cy- rene Richardson, of Fairfax, Vt., b. Dec. i, 1828. Lived on the Hendrick Martin place, now occupied by his son, Lewis R., west end of L. 20, R. 5. Had one child, Lewis R., b. Jain. 13, 1853. Ahaz d. June 9, 1880. Ze^haniah Anson Cass m. Mary, dr. of Lilburn Allen. Removed to Tioga Co., Penn. JVahum Cass, son of Martin, ist m., Nov. 19, 1846, Lucina, dr. of Nicholas Cook, d. June 13, 1853 ; 2d m., Nov. 23, 1853, Martha J., dr. of Luke Aldrich. Has resided on the Henry Starkey place, but now lives on the Luke Cass farm. Had by Lucina, Ed- mond, b. Dec. 28, 1848, d. young ; Moses, b. Feb. 27, 1850. By Martha had Martin, b. Aug. 16, 1854 5 Al- mon, b. Jan. 19, 1861 ; Carlon E., b. Aug. 4, 1869. Moses A. Cass, son of Martin, removed to Penn., and there died. He m. a daughter of Stephen Martin of Barton, Vt. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 367 Lewis H. Cass, son of Ahaz, m., June 4, 1874, Annie D., dr. of Ebenezer Cook. Lives on his father's place. Had A. Lilla, b. Feb. 28, 1878. Daniel Cass — Jonathan — Daniel — m., Dec. 11, 1808, Sally, dr. of Moses Allen ; bought his father's farm, the place now owned by Joseph Swan ; re- moved to Barton, Vt., about 1830. Had Laura, Lena, Sylphina, Hiram, Lorenzo, and Robert. Otis Cass — Jonathan — Daniel — m., Jan 13, 1820, Melancy, dr. of Jerahmeel Allen ; lived on the place now owned by Josiah Newell, and built the house now on the premises. He d. Sept. 9, 1836. She 2d m. Nathaniel Kingsley. The Luke- Cass Family. Luke Cass, from Smithfield, 1774, m. Isabel Al- drich, of Smithfield, Jan. 24, 1776. He settled onL. 22, R. 5, the place now owned by Nahum Cass, and was an innkeeper. He erected a large, commo- dious house, which was taken down by Augustus Cass, about 1840. Had a son, b. 1779. He d. May 31, 1814, in his 60th year. His widow m. Joseph Cass, Nov. 26, 1815. Had two brothers, Amos and John, and two sisters, Deborah Benson and Silvia Phillips. Luke Cass 2d, m. Isabel Bishop, Jan. 25, 1809. CHASE. William Chase m., March 9, 1781, Rhoda, dr. of James Westcoat ; was from Gloucester, R. I. ; lived where the widow Chase has recently resided, and on 368 HISTORY OF THE the part set off to Troy in 1815. Had seven chil- dren, one of whom, William, remained in town, b. Jan. 16, 1785. William Chase — William — m., Feb. 3, 18 14, Esther, dr. of Jesse Ballou. He remained on the homestead. He d. March 2, 1832, aged 47 ; she d. Nov. 16, 1877, aged 87. Had several children, one of whom, Semantha, m. Jacob Whitcomb, jr. CHAPMAN. Elliot Cha-pman, from Montague, Mass., m. Jennie C, dr. of George Taylor, and widow of Geoi^e F. Bryant, March 3, 1873. He lives on the Elijah Bolles place. CHEEVER. y antes Cheever came to town in 1808, and lived on the Caleb BufFum place. Had Lyman, Elvira, War- ren, and Miranda. CHENEY. Ebenezer Cheney bought the Capt. Oliver Capron place, 1812, and there resided until about 1837. Had Gustavus, Timothy, Hannah, Millie, Ebenezer, and Alethia. CHURCH. John Lovel Church, son of Sarah, dr. of Daniel Cass, lived with his mother on the Uriah Jillson farm from 1842 to 1854 ; removed to Fitzwilliam. He d- in the late war. His mother d. April 26, 1869. CLARK. George Clark bought the Enos Holbrook farm about 1839 ' lived there a few years, and sold the TOWN OF RICHMOND. 369 same to Seth Truesdale, of Killingly, Ct. He bought back the place, and spent the remainder of his days there. He was unmarried, and lived alone ; d. 1866. Benjamin H. Clark, b. in Colerain, Mass., m. Elizabeth M. Watkins, May 6, 1846. He bought the old Henry Ingalls farm, known as the Joseph Cass placfe, 1866. He d. Nov. 22, 1867. Had Etta Isadore, b. July 30, i860. CLAPP. Lowell Claf^ was a wool-carder and cloth-dresser at North Richmond a few years previous to 1818 ; sold to Alpheus Capron. COLBURN. yohn Colburn, from Rindge, came to town about 1840. He lived with George Buffum, who had mar- ried for his second wife Hannah Colburn, his mother. He continued there until after Mr. BufFum's death, when he removed, to the Nathan Harkness place. He m. Lydia Beard, Dec. i, 1825. He d. March 10, 1870. Had John W., b. March 11, 1827, m. Sarah C, dr. of Levi Wheeler, and lives in Macedon, N. Y. ; Ann E., b. July 6, 1829, d. Jan. 15, 1838; Fanny, b. March 16, 1831, m. Hiram P. Sprague, d. Dec. 2, 1865; Charles O., b. Feb. 26, 1833, m. Abby, dr. of Henry Rice, lives in Brattleboro' ; Henry, b. June 10, 1835, ™' Anna E. Davis, lives in Baldwinsville ; Artemas B., b. July 26, 1838, m. Lydia, dr. of Daniel Man, and was killed in the battle of Winchester, Va., Sept. 19, 1864. Mrs. Col- burn lives now with Hiram P. Sprague. H 370 HISTORY OF THE COLE. Ehenezer Cole, blacksmith, from Warren, R. I., m. Susanna, dr. of Capt. Abner Aldrich. He bought of Oliver Mason L. ii, R. 6. The house and shop stood near the town pound. The place was sold to Abner Aldrich, jr., 1778, and soon after the family removed to the William Woodward place. Had five children. Hed. Jan. 14, 1778. His widow m. Capt. Stephen Jillson. Timothy Cole, probably a son of Ebenezer, bought the Deacon John Cass farm, L. 8, R. 9, about 1805 ; d. 1815. Had Ezra, who removed to Winchester, 1817, and Ira, who went to New York about the same time. Wheeler Cole settled on south half L. 5, R. 6 and 7. Had a son, Nathaniel. Nathaniel Cole — Wheeler — bought his father's place, 1779, and sold the same to Nathan Harkness, 1786. Had three children, viz. : Huldah, Barnard, and Caleb. COOMBS. Reuben Coombs owned and occupied the Thayer mills from about 1865 to 1870. CONWAY. Charles W. Conway, b. Sept. 24, 1829, m., in Dover, N. H., Feb. 25, 1853, Sarah E. Wentworth, who was b. March 30, 1833 ; bought of Obed E. Adams, 1865, the Moses Tyler place, and moved on the same Sept. 20 of that year ; now owns in addi- tion the Rufus Whipple farm and the Rich place. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 37 1 Had Albert B., b. Oct. 12, 1855; Charles H., b. ^ug. 31, 1857; Howard, b. Oct. 21, 1859, d. Sept. 8, i860; Isabel A., b. Dec. 26, 1863, m. Burton C. Jackson, of Winchester; George E., b. Dec. 30, 1865 ; Julia A., b. Dec. 28, 1870. Albert B. Con-way, son of Charles W., m. Ada A. I dr. of John Whipple, of Warwick ; lives in Holyoke, Mass. OOOK. Caft. Nicholas Cook,h. Feb. 7, 1733, m. Phillis, sister of Paul Jillson. He was son of Dea. Nicholas Cook, of Bellingham, and was f. s. on the farm now owned by Martin Cook. He d. Sept. 15, 1791 ; she d. March 21, 1815. Had Uriah, m. Mary Cumstock, moved to Shrewsbury, Vt. ; Lucina, m. Joseph Hol- brook ; Jeremiah, m. Ruth Martin, removed to New Haven, Vt. ; Lydia, m. Calvin Curtis; Calvin, d. ; William, d. ; Luther, b. April 13, 1776 ; Nathaniel, d. ; Nicholas, d. ; Luke C, m. Clarissa Winslow, removed to Onondaga, N. Y. Capt. Nicholas was a descend- ant of Walter Cook, who came from England, 1635, and settled finally in Mendon. His widow m. Paul Boyce. Luther Cook — Nicholas — istm., Aug. 17, 1800, Lillis, dr. of Oliver Hix ; 2d m. Delila Harris, dr. of Anthony. He lived on his father's farm. Was a chair-maker. He d. April 30, 185 1 ; Lillis d. Nov. 17, 1830 ; Delila d. Feb. 19, 1845. Had Nicholas, b. May -23, 1801 ; Calvin, b. Aug. 6, 1802; Oliver, b. March 20, 1805, d. March 28, 1805 ; Hannah, b. June 16, 1806, was killed by lightning, Sept. 25, 1829; Diancy, b. Aug. 2, 1808, m. Stephen Randall. 372 HISTORY OF THE Nicholas Cook — Luther — Nicholas — m., Oct. 24, 1824, Judith, dr. of Otis Capron. He buih the house where Calvin Cook now lives. Removed to his father's house, 1845. He d. I^^ov. 24, 1866; she d. Feb. 9, 1866. Had Lucina, b. Aug. 15, 1825, m. Nahum Cass; Polly, b. Aug. 29, 1827, m. Amos H. Ingalls ; Hannah, b. Jan. 22, 1830, m. George W. Randall ; Martin, b. Aug. 28, 1833 ; Jane, b. April 3, 1836, m. Level K. Pickering. Nicholas and Judith d. young. Calvin Cook — Luther — Nicholas — m. Anna, dr. of Ebenezer Swan, jr., Nov. 14, 1822. First lived with Joseph Holbrook, and then on the Asa Man place, and now resides in the house built by his bro. Nicholas. Had Ebenezer S., b. May i, 1823 ; Luther, b. July 16, 1830, d. in Boston June 13, 1856; Stephen R., b. Oct. 26, 1831, d. in Waltham, Mass. ; Diancy, d. Sept. 4, 1851. Martin Cook — Nicholas — Luther — Nicholas — m. Mary, dr. of Israel Martin. Lives on the old homestead. Had Walton L, b. April 7, 1859; -'^7" Ion N., b. May 8, 1863 ; Nellie J., b. July 31, 1864; Frank, b. Oct. 28, 1867; F. Mabel; Grace M., b. Sept. 15, 1870; George M., b. Feb. 10, 1882. Ehenezer S. Cook — Calvin — Luther — Nicholas — m. Caroline Buker ; lives on the Asa Man place. Had Annie D. b. Feb. 18, 1853, m. Lewis R. Cass ; Esther, b. July 7, 1859, m. Chas. D. Cass, May 2, 1880. William Cook, son of Dea. Nicholas, of Belling- ham, b. Dec. 12, 1724, m. Priscilla Ballou, young- TOWN OF RICHMOND. 373 est sister of James Ballou, sr., settled on lot south of his brother Nicholas. His house was on the spot where Edson Starkey's house now stands. He built the mills at No. Richmond. Had Sylvanus, James, William, Nicholas, b. Aug. i6, 1772 ; Susanna, Kath- erine, Priscilla, m. Oliver Harris ; Lucretia, m. Esek BufFum; and Elizabeth, b. May 18, 1775. He d. 1790, and his wid. m., Dec. 6, 1792, Simeon Cham- berlain, of Royalston. • James Cook, son of William, b. June 7, 1760, m, Oct. 15, 1780, Elizabeth, dr. of Henry Ingalls, Esq. Lived and kept a store where' his father settled, and where Edson Starkey now resides. The old build- ing was replaced by the present dwelling of Mr. Starkey, some years ago. By Elizabeth had seven children ; she d. July 18, 1800. 2d m. Waitstill Ful- ler, Nov. 2, 1800, and by her had Sylvanus, Eliza- beth, and James. He removed to Wallingford, Vt., about 1805. Sylvanus Cook, son of William, m., Jan. 3, 1782, Elizabeth, dr. of David Barney. He lived 2d house north of the Davenport place. Had five children, viz. : Susanna, Elizabeth, William, Ezekiel, and Lydia, b. Feb. 22, 1789. He removed to Vermont. Otis Cook, from Mendon, m., July 12, 1795, Lydia, dr. of John Cass, jr. No record of family. George Cook, the son of Dea. Nicholas, of Belling- ham, m. Phebe, dr. of James Tillson. Settled on L. 21, 4 R., the place where Henry Starkey formerly lived. Had six children, vi^. ; Freelove, Caleb, Peter, Polly, Phebe, and Zuriel, all b. from 1775 to 1783. Zuriel succeeded his father, and d. there about 1795. 374 HISTORY OF THE Simeon Cook, b. in Bellingham, Dec. 8, 1770, son of Caleb, who was a son of the aforesaid Dea. Nicholas, m., July 26, 1791, Rhoda, dr. of Gideon Man, lived in Swansey. She died July, 1815, aged 52. By her he had nine children. Removed to Richmond, 1816, bought the Dea. John Cass place, 1819, and there lived until 1840; 2d m., April 19, 1816, Rachel Barrus, widow of Ebenezer 3d. Had by Rach^, George, b. Aug. 31, 1817 ; Simeon, b. April 14, 1821 ; Malvina, b. June 30, 1823, m. Joseph B. Smead. He 3d m. Sarah Smead, of Swan- sey, March 22, 1840. He d. March 18, 1859, aged 89; Rachel d. March 18, 1839; Sarah died Nov. 4, 1861. George Cook — Simeon — Caleb — unmarried ; he resides in Keene. He prepared for college at Phil- lips academy, graduated at Amherst college, 1841, and at the Theological seminary at Andover, 1844. Held a responsible position as teacher, from 1854 to 1859 in Ala., and then studied medicine. Never entered a profession ; acquired a competency in bus- iness ; has traveled extensively in N. America, in Europe, and in nearly all the countries bordering on the Mediterranean ; now devotes his time to literary and scientific pursuits. Simeon Cook — Simeon — Caleb — m. Patience, dr. of Silas Parsons, Sept. 24, 1841 ; 2d m. Ellen Mur- dock, of Winchester. Had by Patience : Silas P.,b. Oct. 18, 1845; Leroy, b. Feb. 4, 1849; Solon, b. 1851, died in infancy; Clara J., b. Oct. 22, 1854; Charles S., b. May 28, 1857. Mr. Cook was atthe time of his ist marriage, a gro- cer in Boston. He soon removed to Richmond, and TOWN OF RICHMOND. 375 there engaged in trade at the Four corners, and from thence removed to Keene, and was in the employ of his brother George for several years in the shook and stave business. From Keene he went to Ingersoll, Canada West, leaving behind his family, and was there for some years in the lumber business, and finally, 1882, he removed to Southern California, where he now resides, engaged in raising fruit. Silas P. Cook — Simeon — Simeon — graduated at Harvard Col. 1867, where he stood among the first in his class. Studied theology at Princeton ; settled in Marlboro', N. H., and in Windsor, Vt., and is now settled in Chelsea, Mass., over a Cong, church. Le- roy, brother of Silas P., graduated at Worcester School of Technology, and is draughtsman at Washburn & Moen's factory. Charles S., bro. of Silas P., grad- uated from the scientific department of Dartmouth College, 1880, where he has been tutor ever since. Stephen Cook, from Milford, kept the Wakefield Tavern, 1840-2. Returned to Milford. Jonathan Cook — m. Tabitha. Bought of Joseph Allen, 1796, the farm on Tully brook known as the Cook place, now owned by Jesse Bolles. He came to Richmond, about 1780. He was a shoemaker, had eight children, five of which died 'young, and three grew up and lived in town, viz. : Nathan, b. June 8, 1763; Abigail, b. May 10, 1765, m. Lemuel Scott: and Jesse, b. Jan. 17, 1773. Nathan Cook — Jonathan — m. Sarah Dix, Feb.' 21 , 1796. Lived on his father's place ; was a very strong, 376 HISTORY OF THE wiry, and tough man. Had John, b. July 18, 1798 ; Nathan, b. Oct. 4, 1799; Ebenezer, b. Aug. 14,1801. Nathan studied medicine, and went to York state. yesse Cook — Jonathan — lived in Leominster a number of years, finally removed to Richmond and bought a part of the old Norwood farm ; had no children. ^ yokn Cook — Nathan — Jonathan — remained on the home place, and was never macried ; died about 1850. His orbs of sight were deeply set, The bloated flesh around them met; If to nose of runlet he'd not been tied Not near so soon would he have died. COOLBY. Aaron Cooley was a resident of the north-west part of the town. At one time he was on the Elijah Bolles place. He afterwards appears to have lived on the David Barney farm. Had eight children, a number of which appear to have been paupers about 1810. COREY. Anthony Corey, from Wallingford, Vt., m., March 15, 1798, Lovicea, dr. of Capt. Amos Boorn. He bought the Esek Buffum farm, now owned by Ozial Ballou. He d. May 24, 1835, aged 59 ; she d. Nov. 9, 1853, aged 77. Had Abraham, b. May 10, 1798, lives now in Marlboro', N. H. ; Huldah, b. Sept. 20, 1799; Anthony ; James, who lives in Fitchburg ; Nicene, b. March 5, 1811, ist m. Edward Tolman, 2d m. Ken- dall Fisher, now lives with her son in the middle of the town ; Mary, lives in Marlboro' ; Amos, b. 1809 ; Cynthia L., m. Seth D. Ballou, d. Jan. 7, 1852, aged 33. Four children d. in infancy. No record of family. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 377 Amos Corey — Anthony — m. Phebe, dr. of Silas Bpyce. Lived on his father's place. He d. Aug. 26, i857) aged 48; she d. Aug. 23, 1857, aged 43. CORLISS. Bailey Corliss bought the Asa Thayer farm, situ- ated west of Flias Taylor's, in 1849. Removed to Swansey, 1856. CRANE. Thomas Crane m., Aug. 4, 1768, Sarah, dr. of Abraham Barrus. Was f. s. on L. 13, R. 5, the place more recently owned by Robert Swan and his son Eb- enezer. It is reported that he was a Tory, and fled to Nova Scotia, leaving his family behind him, in the time of the Revolution. Had Abraham, William, James, John, Mary, and Thomas. Abraham Crane — Thomas — m., Feb. 9, 1797, Nancy Ingalls, of Royalston. Lived on his father's farm. Removed from town, 1813. Had three chil- dren. John Crane — Thomas — m. Lynda, dr., of An- thony Harris, Feb. 27, 1800. Had Ono, who lived with Capt. Luke Harris. Removed to Dalton, N. H. CROSSMAN. Ichabod Grossman was f. s. on a place in the north- east corner of the town, where Alvin Nason after- wards lived. He probably m. a dr. of Capt. Abner Aldrich. CRESSEY. Alfheus Cressey, from Chesterfield, m. widow Lydia Boorn. He lived a few years, about 1840, on the old John Bennett farm, 378 HISTORY OF THE CROOKER. Caj^t. Benjamin Crooker, from Boston, ist m. De- borah ; 2d m. Jane Bisbee, dr. of Noah, Jan. 28, 1810. He bought the place now owned by Almon Twitchell of Lemuel Peters, 1805 ; kept a pub- lic house and store there a few years. Had been a sea- captain, and was a trader in Boston at the time of the purchase. He d. Oct. 26, 1835, aged 79. Had by Deborah: Deborah, m. Job Bisbee; Josiah, Mar- garet, m. John Smith ; Benjamin, Abigail, m. Daniel Smith ; Elijah, b. Nov. 30, 1806. By Jane had Elizabeth S., b. Jan. 25, 1811, m. Marcellus L. Al- drich ; George W., b. July 29, lives in Illinois; Charles A., b. Sept. 5, 1819, lives in New Bedford. Col. Elijah Crooker — Benjamin — m., March 29, 1829, Narcissa M. Peck, of Swansey ; lived on the Crooker homestead. He d. Oct. 2, 1835, aged 30. Had Laura S., b. Sept. 15, 1829, d. in Swansey, 1856; Benjamin P., b. Nov. 18, 1832, lives in Upton, Mass. ; Augusta M., b. Dec. 14, 1833, d. in Swansey. CUMMINGS. Amos E. Cummings, b. in Swansey, Dec. 24, 1837, m. Ellen M., dr. of Nathaniel B. Fisher, Sept. 7, 1870; lives on the David Russell farm. Had Amos H., b. April 24, 1873, d. Sept. 11, 1883; Abbie E., b. Jan. 21, 1875, d- Aug. 25, 1875 ; Gertie A., b. Nov. 10, 1878. CUMSTOCK. Azariah Cumstock, from Smithfield, m., April 20, 1735, Zeruiah Sprague ; was a blacksmith; f. s. on 1^ Crooker House and Store. ^> %''^^^^' Holmes House (Middle of Town). Seepage 164. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 379 L. 7, R. 8, 1762. His place was west of Jonas Wheeler's, near the junction of the old road with the Sprague road. He d. 1791. He sold to Joseph Cass, 1769, and then bought out his brother Abner. Had Jemima, b. Aug. 5, 1735; Moses, b. Nov. 9, 1737; Lydia, b. June 18, 1741 ; Aaron, b. Jan. 13, 1743 ; Abner, b. Aug. i, 1747; Amy, b. March 19, 1749, m. Capt. Dan. Whipple; Mary, b. Sept. 22, 1751, m. Rufus Whipple; Azariah, b. Sept. 25, 1755. Abner Cumstock, f. s. on L. 5, R. 8, the place since owned and occupied by Obediah Sprague. He d. about 1770, but had sold the premises to his brother Azariah, 1769. Had Abner, William, and others. Moses Cumstock — Azariah — f. s. on L. 7, R. 4, known as the Caleb BufFum place. He, like Nimrod of old, was a mighty hunter. He sold to Buffum, about 1784, and removed from town. Aaron Cumstock — Azariah — f. s. on west end of L. 8, R. 4, the place recently owned by Henry Rice. He was a blacksmith ; sold to Abner Aldrich about 1768. William Cumstock — Abner — m., 1804, Frinda Hawkins, of Winchester. Was a tanner, and had a yard below the Sprague mills. Removed to Onon- daga, N. Y. CURTIS. Samuel Curtis, who was a son of Noah Curtis, of Uxbridge, m., Jan 27, 1774, Olive, dr. of Caleb Cook, of Swansey ; was f. s., 1766, on L. 22, R. 6, the place since owned and occupied by Daniel Twitchell. 380 HISTORY OF THE He kept a public house, and was frequently on the board of selectmen. He d. 1822. Had Noah, b. Oct. II, 1776; Caleb, Samuel, Seth A., Thaddeus, and Stephen. Of these only the four first named remained in town. Thaddeus was a brush-maker in Providence; listed to be about 90. Had also Eliza- beth, m. Silas Ballou, jr. ; Olive, m. Windsor Parker; and Mercy. No record of family. JVoaJi Curtis, brother of Samuel, m. Elizabeth Tillson, dr. of James; was f. s. on L. 23, R. 6, known as the Abner Twitchell place, 1766. Had Thaddeus, b. 1768, d. 1788. He d. 1821 ; she d. 1793. Caleb Curtis — Samuel — m., 1813, Lucy, dr. of Israel Saben ; lived north of the Ephraim Taft place, where Abner Twitchell had formerly lived. Had Mary, Delila, Julia, and others. Samuel Curtis — Samuel — m. Lois Estes, dr. of Zacheus. He lived on the Joseph Cass place, now owned by Mrs. Elizabeth M. Clark. Had Orison, Jerrel A., Eliza, m. Alvan Barrus ; Marcus, and Samuel, b. Aug. 4, 1827. He d. Sept. 13, 1855. No record of family. Seth A. Curtis — Samuel — m. Mary ; lived on the place now owned by William T. Carter. The old house, which was burned, stood nearly opposite of Jerrel's. He built the buildings now standing on the premises about 1842 ; removed to Rhode Island, and there died. Had William, who lives in Winchester, and Annah, m. Van Rensselaer Pickering. Orison Curtis — Samuel — Samuel — m. , May 16, 1824, Betsey, dr. of Seth Ballou ; was a shoemaker, TOWN OF RICHMOND. 381 and removed to Colerain, Mass., about 1829. Had Orison, Henry, Semantha, m. Blake, d. ; and Seth.. jferrel A. Curtis — Samuel — Samuel — m. Caro- line, dr. of Elias Taylor ; lived on the place now owned by Isaac N. Mellen ; was mostly engaged in putting out palm leaf. Had George T., lives in Hins- dale ; Henry O., b. Aug. 19, 1841 ; Eliza ; Jerrel A., b. Dec, 1848 ; Jane C, b. 185 1, m. Henry R. Bowen. 3farcus Curtis — Samuel — Samuel — m. Almira Shepherd, of Barre. He d. about 1856. She 2d m. Jarvis Cass. Samuel Curtis — Samuel — Samuel — ^ m. Harriet E. Barnes, of Winchester, and lives at Millers Falls. Had Walter E., and Carriebelle E. Henry O. Curtis — Jerrel A. — Samuel — Samuel — m., Sept. II, 1862, Arvilla J., dr. of James A. Mellen ; lives on the place once occupied by Russell Whipple, near TuUy brook. Had Everett H., b. July 7, 1867; Frank M., b. Dec. 12, 1870; George H., b. June, 1873. DANDLEY. yo/in Dandley,{roraCumherland, m. Susanna Cass, dr. of Dea. John Cass, Feb. 11, 1759. Was f. s. on the farm now owned by Preston L. Freeman. He came to town very early in its history. Remained about fifteen years. Sold to James BrOwn, of Glou- cester, R. I., about 1777, and removed to state of N. Y. Had by his wife Susanna nine children. Son John m. Freelove Jillson, of Cumberland, Oct. 20, 1782. 382 HISTORY OF THE DANIELS. Sylvester Daniels came from Millbury about 1874. Lives on L. 23, R. 6, the place formerly owned and occupied by Abner Twitchell, sr. No record. DARLING. Stephen Darling m. Elizabeth Scott, Dec. 25, 1799- Lived on the place known as the Calvin White farm. DAVENPORT. yoseph Clark Davenfort, from Mount Holly, m., March 4, 1798, Martha, dr. of Joseph Starkey, sr. He lived a few years on a place north of Nathaniel Aldrich's, and finally removed to Mount Holly, Vt., about 1815. Had Joseph, and Waitstill, who m. Sol- omon Woodward. Joseph Davenport, son of Clark, m. Aphemia, dr. of Jacob Martin, Jan. 27, 1825. Elijah Davenport, brother of Clark, m. Esther, dr. of Joseph Starkey, sr., and went to Mount Holly, Vt. Had a son Henry, who d. May 25, i860. DAY. Othaniel Day, from Attleboro', b. Nov. 2, 1740, lived on the place since occupied by John Day and Lewis Fisher, L. 22, R. 11, next to Warwick. He d. June 10, 1820. No record of family. Had John, b. Dec. 29, 1795. yohn Day — Othaniel — m., Jan. 30, 1821, Sally, dr. of Caleb Weeks, of Warwick. Had Abigail, b. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 383 June 14, 1821 ; Hymenus, b. Feb. 12, 1823, d. April 7, 1852; Philetus, b. Nov. 15, 1825, d. Dec. i, 1843; Caleb, b. Oct. 12, 1827 ; Josephus, b. Nov. 23, 1829 ; John, b. Jan. 11, 1832, d. Sept. 6, 1852. He d. Oct. 12, 1832 ; his widow m. Lewis Fisher. Ezra Day, f. s. on L. 3, R. 3, a place west of Tully, north of the Seth Ballou farm. DEXTER. Benjamin Dexter, from Orange, bought the Gid- eon Man place at the Four corners, 181 1. Sold the same to Bassett and Harkness, 1817. He d. 1818, while living on the Dea. John Cass place. DILLINGHAM. Thomas Dillingham m. Remembrance . Lived on the James Swan place, 1782. Had two children. DINGMAN. John G. Dingman resided, from 1861 to 1865, on the place first settled by Enoch White. Was a sol- dier in the late war. Now resides in Winchester. DODGE. Andrew Dodge, b.in Hartland, Vt., May 28, 1803, 1st m., 1827, Sarah M. Hildreth, of Dracut, Mass. ; she d. in Cornish, N. H., 1848 ; 2d m.. May 7, 1850, Mrs. Almira Bingham, b. Sept. 26, 1794, and is now living. Moved to Nathaniel Naromore's place, 1872. Had by Sarah M. seven children. She, together with three of her children, were killed in a tornado in Cor- nish, 1848. 384 HISTORY OF THE DOOLITTLE. Charles H. Doolittle, from Winchester, m. Mari- ette, dr. of Dan Buifum, and widow of A. C. Pres- cott, March 14, 1865. Lived on the Dan Buffum place. He d. May 27, 1883. Had Lizzie M.,b. June 14, 1867 ; Katie, b. Nov. 5, 1869 ; and Flora G., b. Jan. 27, 1872. ELLIS. John Ellis, from Rehobath, f. s. on the place now occupied by Henry Bullock, L. 2, R. 8, was out in the Revolutionary war. No record of family. Had by Mary, his wife, Sabra, b. Nov. 24, 1767 ; John, Martin, Benjamin, and Rebecca, m. Hugh Bullock, of Royalston. John Ellis, jr. — John — m. Dec. 18, 1774, Ra- chel Marsh, by whom he had Eunice, Edward, Mar- tin, and John. Benjamin Ellis — John — m. , Nov. 24, 1785 , Ruth, dr. of Henry Ingalls ; had by Ruth, Henry, b. June 7, 1786; Rufus, b. Dec. 7, 1787. Dea. Martin Ellis — John — ist m., June 8, 1777, Mary Kingsley; 2d m., 1821, Catherine Bullock. Lived on his father's place. He d. 1832. By Mary had eleven children, viz. : Sylvanus, b. Nov. 8, 1777, m. Cynthia, dr. of Anthony Harris ; Benjamin, b. Nov. 16, 1779, m. Susanna, dr. of William Garnsey ; Lucy, b. March 18, 1782, m. Caleb Harris; Sabra, b. Aug. 4, 1791 ; James, b. July 6, 1784: Daniel, b. 1788; Polly, b. April 3, 1795 ; Martin, b. April 30, 1798 ; Sarah, b. Aug. i, 1800; Hosea, b. Sept. 4, 1802; Candace, b. April i, 1805, m. Cass Bullock, jr. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 385 "James Ellis — Martin — John — m. Charlotte Peck, of Royalston, Jan. i, 1807. Was killed in Templeton, July 19, 1813, by being thrown from a wagon, aged 28 ; she d. Aug. 23, 1815, aged 28. Daniel Ellis — Martin — John — ist m., April 30, 1820, Lucy, dr. of Joseph Cass ; 2d m. Elizabeth Ap- plin, Dec. 23, 1830; she d. April 12, 1875, aged 91. Had by Lucy : Polly, b. Nov. 26, 1820 ; Daniel C, b. Dec. I, 1823; David, b. Nov. 16, 1828; qnd Samuel Wayne, b. 181 7, went to Cleveland, O. He lived in Townsend, Vt., and d. in Richmond, Sept 5, 1872, aged 84. Martin Ellis, jr. — Martin — John — m. Hannah, dr. of Cass Bullock, and removed to Vt. Hosea Ellis — Martin — John — m. Margaret, dr. of Martin Cass. Had Alvin C, b. May 7, 1826. He removed to Calais, Vt. , 1833. ELLOR. Luke Ellor m. a dr. of Josiah Cass, and lived a few years on the Martin Cass place. Had Jennie, m. John F. Ballou. EMERSON. Moses Emerson m., Sept. 11, 1796, Abigail, dr. of Moses Allen. He was from Stoddard, N. H. Returned to town about 1835, ^^^ lived on the Otis Cass place. Had Richard, Elisha, Wyman, Lydia, and Lucy. Lydia m. Sylvester Cass ; Lucy m. James M. Harris. Moses d. Feb. 9, 1854. Abigail d. Sept. 21, 1845. 25 386 HISTORY OF THE ERSKINE. Walter Erskine, who was son of Lieut. John Ers- kine, of Winchester, m., May 16, 1816, Margaret, dr. of Zephaniah Bowen. He deserted his family, and she 2d m. Maturin Ballou, of Whitingham, Vt. Had Emugenia, b. March 19, 1817, ist. m. Jesse G. Wheeler, 2d m. M. H. Bean, Sept. 17, 184S ; Massena B., b. Dec. 19, 1819 ; Mandana W., b. Aug. 31, 1822, m. Thomas Pushee, of Wisconsin. Massena B. Erskine, son of Walter Erskine, whose early youth was spent in this town in the home of Otis Cass, the place now owned by Josiah Newell, has gained for himself wealth and distinction in the city of his adoption. He went to Racine, Wis., 1852, and there became connected with an establishment for the manufacture of threshing machines, etc. Has been promoted to the highest municipal offices ; has been mayor of the city three times, besides holding numerous other positions of honor and trust. ESTES. Zacheus Estes came from Rhode Island about 1780. Bought the place settled by Enoch White, L. 15, R. 2. He was by trade a moulder, and worked a while for Levi Aldrich, who had a small foundry. After- wards lived at various places in town. Was in the war of the Revolution. Had Marcus, Ruth, m. Geo. Handy ; Polly, m. John Boyce ; Abigail, m. James Bowen ; Lois, m. Samuel Curtis ; Naomi, m. James Yates. One other dr. m. James Fisk, the father of the celebrated James Fisk, jr. MASSENA B. ERSKINE. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 387 EVANS. Medad Evans, b. in Hinsdale, N. H., May 15, 1822, m., Dec. 3t, 1850, Augusta F., an adopted dr. of Barnabas Barrus, b. Nov. 15, 1829. Moved to Richmond in 1862, and lives on the Barnabas Barrus place. Had Ellon B., and Lizzie M., both died in Hinsdale; William M., b. in Richmond, Nov. 20, 1864; Mary F., b. May 18, 1869. She d. Sept. 16, 1882. FAIRBROTHER. Wm. Fairbrother was a resident in town from 1814 to 1817. FASSETT. Samuel Fassett was evidently the f. s. on L. 20, R. 9, the place afterwards owned by Ephraim Taft, Benjamin Newell, and others. He built a saw mill on the site of the mill owned by G. Henry Taylor ; he was a soldier of the Revolutionary war. He re- moved to Winchester, and had a dr. who m. Amos Adams. FISHER. Lewis Fisher ist m. Sarah, widow of John Day; 2d m. Alfreda, widow of Luther Beals ; lived on the John Day place. Had by Sarah: Sarah F., b. March 20, 1836, m. Henry Whipple ; Lewis, b. Feb. 20, 1828, d. Aug. 22, 1841 ; Lucius L., b. Dec. 22, 1841 ; Richard P., b. Dec. 7, 1844. He d. Feb. 17, 187 1, aged 61 ; Sarah d. Oct. 6, 1865, aged 64. Richard P. Fisher — Lewis — m., Oct. 13, 1868, Alia R., dr. of Enoch D. Sprague ; lives at the Four corners, and is a painter. Had Eva M., b. Sept. 17, 388 HISTORY OF THE 1869; Edith A., b. Sept. 6, 1871 ; Nervie R., b. Jan. 7, 1873. Kendall , Fisher , Esq., son of Elder Darius Fisher, of Fitzwilliam, ist m. Esther, dr. of Jacob Martin ; 2d m. Nicene, dr. of Anthony Corey, and widow of Edward Tolman; lived next north of Paul Jillson's, L. 15, R. 2. He d. Dec. 9, 1867, aged 68. Had Nancy, m. Francis Boyce ; Gilbert, Lorina, m. Samuel Pickering, jr. ; George, Alvina, and Charles. Kendall Fisher was for many years one of the lead- ing men of the town, and was honored by the highest offices in the hands of his townsmen. Nathaniel B. Fisher, son of Ira Fisher, of Fitz- william, m., Oct. 20, 1846, Betsey M., dr. of Clark B. Holbrook, of Swansey ; lives on the old Robert Martin place. He came to town i860. Had Ellen M., b. Oct. 17, 1847, in Fitzwilliam; Abbie A., b. Aug. 5, 1849; Ida J., b. Dec. 6, 1850; Ira C, b. Oct. 19, 1852 ; Charles T., b. May 22, 1855 ; Emma C, b. March 8, 1857, d. Jan. 7, 1868; Mary E., b. Dec. 4, 1859; Nancy S., b. July 31, 1861, d. April 28, 1862 ; Martha A., b. Sept. 4, 1863 ; George A., b. Sept. 8, 1865, d. Sept. 27, 1865; Alma D., b. Nov. 24, 1866; Reuben B., b. May 8, 1869; Nellie B., b. April 22, 1873. He d. 1884. Ira C. Fisher — Nathaniel B. — m., Nov. 5, 1876, S. Frances, dr. of John Wbipple, of Warwick; lives on the Oliver Puffer place. Had three children. FLINT. Amos A. Flint, of Reading, Mass., came to town, 1865, from Amherst, N. H. ; was b. July 22, 1827; TOWN OF RICHMOND. 389 m. Catherine Carter, of Wilmington, Mass., b. April 23, 1826; bought the place first occupied by Israel Phillips, L. 6, R. 3, known as the Daniel Cass farm ; was accidentally killed by a circular-saw, 1869. The family now resides in Winchester. Had William F., b. Aug. 25, 1849; Emma, b. July 16, 1852; Ozro, b. July 18, 1854; Salina B., b. Nov. 15, 1856; Catherine M., b. June 13, 1859; Esther, b. March 19, 1861 ; Cynthia J., b. Nov. 18, 1863 ; Herbert A., b. May 31, 1865. William F. was a graduate of Dartmouth college. FRAZIER. • Andrew H. Frazier, from Canada, resides on the place settled by Jesse Ballou. No record of family. FREEMAN. Dan. Freeman, son of Ralph Freeman and Sarah Capron, lived near the Aaron Kelton place ; b. June 16, 1745. He removed quite early to Winchester. Had five children. Lewis Freeman, b. May 8, 1798, m., July 4, 1825, Nancy, dr. of Rufus Kelton. He d. June 23, 1878. Removed from Sharon, Mass., 1836, to the farm first occupied by John Dandley. Had N. Augusta, b. June 19, 1825, m. Ruel Thayer; Preston L., b. March 28, 1828 ; Rufus, b. July 6, 1832 ; James B., b. July 6, 1834, ^- yo"iig5 Ellen, b. May 15, 1836, m. Henry B. Robbins; Thomas, b. Sept. 2, 1838, d. young; Francis W., b. Nov. 23, 1839, d. young; Loren A., b. June 23, 1844. Preston L. Freeman — Lewis — m., June 29, 1867, Lucy J., dr. of William Wright, Esq. ; lives on his 39° HISTORY OF THE father's place. Had Nellie R., b. May 28, 1868; William L., b. April 17, 1873; Walter P., b. Feb. 18, 1875. Rufus Freeman — Lewis — m. Melissa, dr. of Jonas Twitchell ; lives in Keene, and is in the em- ploy of the Cheshire R. R. Co. , FRENCH. Dr. Samuel P. French, b. in Gilmanton, N. H., March 17, 1818 ; graduated at Dartmouth college, 1841 ; studied medicine with Dr. Nahum Wright, of Gilmanton; commenced practice at Merrimac, 1845, and in Richmond, 1846 ; succeeded Dr. Leander Smith ; removed to Winchester, 1864, where he re- mained four years ; removed to Warwick, 1868, and from thence returned to Richmond, 1881 ; m., Dec. 3, 1849, Nancy H. M., dr. of Abner Barden. He d. Feb. 7, 1882, while on a visit to one of his patients. Had three cfhildren, viz. : Helen M., b. June 26, 185 1, d. ; Arthur P., b. March 5, 1854 '■> Caroline I., b. July 19, 1859. Thomas French was a resident from 1812 to 1816 ; lived on the Reuben Bowen place. FULLER Edward Fuller occupied the farm now owned by Dennis Harkness from 1814 to 1819. Solomon Fuller, a twin brother of Edward, was unmarried, and lived with his brother. Oliver Fuller was probably a f. s. on the Jeremiah Barrus farm, or on the Jared Ballou place. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 39I GAGE. Solomon Gage came to town in 1810 ; his name disappears in 1818. Lived on the Levi Mowry place. GARNSEY. Dea. Amos Garnsey m. Merriam Pike. Came from Rehobath about 1766; settled on L. 13, R. 11, where John Scott and others have since lived. He d. Feb. 12, 1813 ; she d. Dec. 12, 1814. Had six chil- dren, viz. : Cyrel, b. April 30, 1764; Amos, b. April 9, 1768; Cyrus, b. Feb. 20, 1773 ; Lucy, b. Nov. 29, 1774, m. Nehemiah Bennett ; Darius, d. Dec. 20, 1784; Moses, b'. March 25, 1781. Cyrel Garnsey — Amos — m., Nov. 24, 1784, Sa- lome Garfield, of Fitzwilliam, b. May 31, 1769. Lived on. the place with his father. Removed to Whitefield, N. H., about 1823. Had twelve children, John, b. Nov. 27, 1786, d. Sept. 19, 1787; Merriam, b. May 2, 1788, m. Solomon Gage ; John, b. July 28, 1790, m. Lydia, went to Canada; Aaron, b. Oct. 19, 1793, d. Sept 8, 1799; Darius, b. Aug. 28, 1795; Mary, b. Nov. 7, 1797, m. John Scott; Rachel, b. Sept. 25, 1799, m. Lemuel Scott, jr. ; Anna, b. Feb. 3, 1802, m. Jedediah B. Howe; Naomi, b. April 3, 1804, m. Thomas Eastman ; Phebe, b. Feb. 2, 1808, m. Baker; Aaron, b. Sept. 14, 1812; Ruth, b. June 23, 1815, d. He d. 1836-7 ; she d. about 1840. Amos Garnsey, jr. — Amos — removed to West- minster, Vt. Had Amos, b. Sept. 6, 1803, who re- sides here ; had other children. Cyrus Garnsey — Amos — m., May 11, 1796, Mary, dr. of John Bennett. Lived on the Joseph 392 HISTORY OF THE Cass farm, the place since owned by Dan BufFum. Had Nellie, b. 1796, m. Dan Buffum. He d. June 21, 1826, age 53 ; she d. July 20, 1855, age 86. Moses Garnsey — Amos — was a soldier of the war of 181 2. He removed to Plainfield, Vt. Aaron Garnsey — Cyrel — Amos — removed to northern New Hampshire, and now resides in Lancas- ter, N. H. Dr. Darius Garnsey — Cyrel — Amos — m. , Feb. 8, 1818, Abigail, dr. of Lemuel Scott. Studied medi- cine with Dr. John Parkhurst. Removed to White- field, N. H., 1823. He d. 1830; she d. 1877. Had Norris, b. 1819, d. 1822; Sanford, b. June 23, 1820; Norris G., b. March 18, 1826. Sanford Garnsey, son of Darius, m., Jan. 20, 1846, Lydia, dr. of John Starkey. Lives in Chesterfield, and is proprieter of a hotel. Was for a while after his marriage in the pail business with Edson Starkey at North Richmond, also lived on the Elder Ballou place with his brother Norris ; is reputed wealthy. No children. Norris G. Garnsey, son of Darius, m. Moranda Pickett, dr. of Hosea Pickett, of Winchester. He lived on the Maturin Ballou farm with his brother Sanford about 1850 ; thence removed to Keene. Was proprietor of a restaurant at Cheshire R. R. depot, and is now with his son in the same business on the oppo- site side of the street. Has acquired a competency in business. Had four children. TOWN OF RICHMOND. , 393 Amos Garnsey — Amos — Amos — m., Oct. 26, 1828, Clarissa, dr. of William Randall; first lived on the Benjamin Hews place ; removed to his present residence about 1845. Had three children, viz. : Amos, b. Dec. 26, 1831 ; William, b. Sept. 27, 1839; Watrous, b. Sept. 6, 1842. She d. April 15, 1875, aged 68, Amos Garnsey — Amos — Amos — Amos — m. Mary Jane, dr. of Ezra Martin, jr. ; lived in Troy, N. H. ; now resides in Sanford.' Me., and is a manu- facturer of woolen goods. Had Frederick A. and Almon E. William Garnsey — Amos — Amos — Amos — m. Fannie L., dr. of Amos Bennett, Esq. ; lives with his father. Has one child, Elnora, b. July 15, 1877. Watrous Garnsey - — Amos — Amos — Amos — m. , Feb. 16, 1864, Emily J., dr. of Benjamin Newell, jr. ; lives on the Nathan Bullock farm. Had Clarissa, b. July 9, 1875 ; Eva, b. Aug. 20, 1877 ; Sarah, b. July ID, 1879. Oliver Garnsey, brother of Deacon Amos, from Rheobath, was f. s. on L. 11, R. 7. His house was near the new road from the middle of the town to the David DufFum place. He removed to Westminster, Vt. Had six children. William Garnsey, probably from Rehobath, son of John Garnsey, m., Oct. 27, 1771, Chloe, sister of Jonathan Thurber; f. s. on L. 2, R. 7, the place next east of Deacon Ellis', now Henry Bullock's. The aforesaid John Garnsey lived with his son Wil- liam, and was probably the father of Amos, Oliver, 394 HISTORY OF THE John, jr., David, and Jesse. Had Otis, b. June 21, 1772 ; Wealthy, b. March 27, 1774, m. David Harris ; Chloe, b. March 21, 1776, m. Aaron Peck; William, b. Dec. 6, 1777 ; Isaiah, b. Nov. 20, 1779; Susanna, b. Oct. 6, 1781, m. Benjamin Ellis; Simeon, b. Sept. 18, 1783; Amy, b. Sept. 12, 1785 ; Sylvanus, b. July 18, 1787; Solomon, b. May 10, 1789; Jonathan, b. July 18, 1790; Isaac, b. April 12, 1794. Otis Garnsey — William — m., Nov. 7, i792) Esther Smith. William Garnsey — William — m., Dec. 19, 1805, Provided, dr. of Jonathan Gaskill ; lived on the Gas- kill place ; house was burned 1816 ; removed to Cummington, Mass., 1820. Had Hannah, m. Na- than E. Babbitt, d. 1881 ; Sylphina, m. Phinehas Morton, d. 1883; William H., who is now post- master in Winchester. He d. 1842. Isaiah Garnsey — William — m., Oct. 10, 1802, Merriam Day, of Keene. David Garnsey, from Rehobath, and brother of Deacon Amos and Oliver, m. Esther . Had six children, viz. : Amasa, Rebecca, Hubbard, Lucy, Otis, and Eunice. Removed to Winchester, and afterwards had Asahel. Jesse Garnsey, from Rehobath, m.,May 25, 1794, Olive West; lived west end of L. 7, R. 12, on the hill south of Thayer's saw-mill, near a brook still called the Jess brook. Had John, b. Feb. 9, 1795, and then removed to Winchester and had Abner and Eunice. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 395 John Garnsey, jr., probably a brother of William and Amos Garnsey, appears to have settled on the west end of L. 12, R. 11, or near by the place since occupied by William Whipple, Ellis Thayer, and others. He m. Electa Newton, Oct. 22, 1778. Had Hannah and Jacob. He probably removed from town in 1780. , GASKILL. Jonathan Gaskill, b. May 22, 1739, from Cumber- land, 1762, and son of Jonathan of Salem, whose wife was Alice Pickering, m. Hannah Estes, Nov. 30, 1761. He was f. s. on L. 8, R. 3, near the place where tradition says the first clearing was made in Richmond by Sylvester Rogers. He d., by suicide, Sept. 18, 1790. Had eleven children^ viz. : Sarah, b, April 6, 1762, m. Moses BufFum ; Samuel, b. Oct. 30, 1763; Tamar, b. July 11, 1765, m. Caleb Buf- fum ; Verney, b. March 12, 1767; Hannah, b. May 14, 1769, m. Caleb BufFum; Olive, b. May 6, 1771, m. Jedediah Buffum, jr. ; Silas, b. July 29, 1773 ; Lavice, b. June 15, 1775, m. Nathaniel A. Bowen ; Ebenezer, b. July 25, 1777, d. Sept. 24, 1790; Patience, b. Aug. 18, 1781, m. Benjamin Newell; Provided, b. Sept. 8, 1786, m. William Garnsey. • Silas Gaskill, son of Jonathan, m., Nov. 30, 1794, Deborah Wing. Had Estes, Stephen, Esquire, Jason, Jonathan, lived in Albion, N. Y. ; Samuel, Joseph, Silas, James, and Benjamin. Samuel Gaskill, Esq. — Jonathan — m., April 25, 1784, Nicene, dr. of Paul Boyce ; was f. s. on L. 6, R. 3, the place lately occupied by Levi Cass ; re- 39^ HISTORY Of THE moved to Waterbury, Vt., 1804. Had Hannah, Jonathan, d. 1830; Samuel, lived in Concord, N. H. ; Olive, Ebenezer, Nicene, Silas, and Rufus. The three last named went to Alto, Wis. Ebenezer lived in Littleton, N. H. Verney Gaskill — Jonathan — m., Aug. 19, 1787, Sarah, dr. of Jedediah Buffum ; was f. s. on east part of L. 8, R. 3, the place where Edwin BoUes now lives; sold to Nathaniel A. Bowen, 1799; removed, and bought of John Gorton, 1800, the farm where William and Nathaniel Boom have since lived ; re- moved to New York. Had ten children, viz. : Verney, Joseph, George, William, Esther, Mahala, Lavina, Candace, Sarah, and Tamah. Silas Gaskt'll, brother of Jonathan, from Cumber- land, 1765, m. Sarah Jillson, March 4, 1765 ; was f. s. on L. 5, R. 4, known as the Ebenezer Ballon place ; was an innkeeper ; moved back to Cum- berland. Had four children, viz. : Sylvanus, b. Sept. 5, 1765; Wilder, b. Oct. 6, 1767; Uriah, b. Oct. j^ 1769; Jonathan, b. Aug. 21, 1772. GAY. Walter JV. Gay, b. in Loudon, N. H., May 17, 1853, m., March 17, 1879, Minnie Ellis, of Keene. He settled on the Stephen Randall farm, 1876. Had Jettie, b. Jan. 13, 1880, d. Sept. 25, 1882. GLEASON. Charles F. Gleason, from Alstead, came to town 1842 ; m. Amanda, dr. of Ezra Martin. Was a tailor, and had a shop over Swan & Parkhurst's store. He TOWN OF RICHMOND. 397 remained here two or three years, and then removed to Dana, Mass. GODDARD. William Goddard was a descendant of William Goddard, who came from London, Eng.~, about 1666, and settled in Watertown. The lineage runs William — James — -'William, from London. He was b. in Watertown, June 14, 1731, m. Elizabeth White. Was f. s. on L. 4, R. 10. He removed from Brookline to Richmond about 1770. The house stood where Frank Amadou's mill-yard now is. Removed to the Thomas Wooley farm about 1790. Had seven children, viz. : Mary, b. Oct. 28, 1762; Elizabeth, b. Aug. 25, 1775, d. young; Thomas, b. March 14, 1779; Edward, b. April 25, 1767; Joseph, b. Aug. 3, 1764; Sarah, b. Oct. 3, 1769; Samuel, b. March 18, 1772, d. May 17, 1799. He d. Jan 28^ 1820; she d. Feb. 2, 1807. Edward Goddard — William — m., Feb. 17, 1796, Hannah, dr. of Gideon Man. Removed to Mary- land, Otsego Co., N. Y. Was a tanner; he acquired considerable property. Thomas Goddard — William — ist m. , June 18,1812, Lydia, dr. of Uriah Cook ; 2d m. Olive, dr. of Aaron. Kelton, May, 1830. Lived on the David Cass place now owned by Davis Sprague. He d. Jan. 28, 1853 ; Lydia d. Oct. 16, 1828. Had seven children, viz. : Elizabeth, b. June i, 1813, d. Sept. 13, 1832; Wil- liam, b. May 4, 1815 ; Joseph, b. Oct. 21, 1816, re- moved to Holland, Vt. ; Emily, b. March 4, 1818 ; m. Alvan Barrus ; Zerah C, b. Oct. 5, 1819; Lydia, b. March ,24, 1821, m. O. F. Blanding; Asahel T., b. Jan. i6j 1824, Lives with Amo§ Martin. Olive, his widow, 2d m. Jos. Bliss. 39^ HISTORY OF THE William Goddard — Thomas — William — m. Bet- sey Blodgett, of Templeton. Lived on the Jonathan Thurber farm, now owned by Chas. H. Cass ; has now removed from town. Had six children, viz. : Henry P., Geo. W"., Ellen, Jane, Mary, and Willie. His wife d. Feb. 14, 1865, aged 41. * Zerah C. Goddard, m. Lydia, dr. of Chandler Bryant, April 10, 1848. Lived on the Thomas Wooley farm, the place now occupied by Andrew Amadon. She d. Feb. 3, 1870; he now resides in Warwick. Had four children, viz. : Seloria L., b. Aug. 19, 1850, m. Andrew Amadon; Delina C, b. May ID, 1852 ; WalterZ., b. Feb. 6, 1857 ; and Milo, who died in infancy. GOODWIN. Richard Goodwin, m. April 24, i794) Urania Car- penter. Bought of Daniel Carpenter, the farm since known as the Reuben Martin place, and there lived some years. GOODNOW. William W. Goodnow, from Swansey, 1877 ; lives on the Dr. Ebenezer'Swan farm. Has no family. GOODNOUGH. Burton W. Goodnough, m. Mary, dr. of Horace Merrifield. Has two children. He lives with Merri- field. GRAVES. Willard R. Graves, from Guilford, Vt.,,m. Sarah J., dr. of Eli W. Reynolds, July 14, 1868. Is a tin pedlar. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 399 GRANT. Alfheus Grant, from Fitzwilliam, m., Jan. 17, 1802, Phillis, dr. of Anthony Sweet. He d. about 1806, and his widow 2d m. Jacob Whitcomb. Had Elizabeth, b. Aug. 24, 1802 ; Mary, b. Nov. 12, 1804, m. Ephraim Taft. GREEN. Wm. Green, a soldier in the war of the Revolution, lived several years on the old turnpike east of Silas Jillson's, near Tully brook, about 1820. Had Loam- ma and Millie. Loamma Green, son of Wm., m. Maria, dr. of Jeremiah Amadon. Removed to Swansey. GROUT. Nahum Grout, m., July 7, 1805, Sibbel, dr. of Mi- chael Barrus. Lived on the Capt. Oliver Capron place, 1809, now owned by St. Clair. Had Maria, Eli, Marcus, Edwin, William, and Horace. He d. in Warwick, May 12, 1851, aged 83. GROVER. Nahum Grover, m., March 20, 1823, Almira, dr. of Luke Harris. Had one son, Lorenzo H., who d. Jan. 18, 1865, aged 41, and one dr., Delila. Almira d. Dec. 6, 1851, aged 45. Mr. Grover left his family, and went to parts unknown. GUILD. Nafthali Guild lived in 1789 on the place known as tl^p Jeremiah Barrus farm, L. 3, R, 10. He re- moved to N. Y. 400 HISTORY OF THE HAMILTON. Calvin L. Hamilton, from Barre, Mass., m. Roxie P., dr. of Israel Martin, Sept. i6, 1874. He came to town, 1882. No children. HAMMOND. Simfson Hammond lived on the west side of the road north of Joseph Newell's. He bought the place, 1776, of Richard Peters, jr. ; he removed from town about 1794. Had nine children. Orrin Hammond, from Winchester, resides on the place formerly known as the Grindall Taylor farm. Have no record of family. HALE. Daniel Hale -WS.S probably f. s. on the Hale place, north-east of Second mountain. Had eight children, viz. : John, Daniel, Esther, Lucy, Polly, Levi, and Israel C. Israel C. Hale — Daniel — m. Parmelia Austin, 1833. He lived on his father's place. Had Lovina, b. June I, 1834, ™- Nahum Bullock; Mary, b. Aug. 17, 1836, m. Alvin Kempton ; twins, b. 1838, d. ; Par- melia A., b. Sept. 3, 1840, m. Slate: Israel C, b. Nov. 19, 1842 ; Rhoda G., b. March 11, 1849, ™' ■^• G. Waldo. He d. Sept. 22, 1874, ^ged 75 ; she d. i860, aged 50. "John Hale — Daniel — settled on a farm west of Elias Taylor's. He removed to Winchester about 1840. Had John, Jeremiah, Nancy, Otis, Lydij^ and Mary Ann. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 4OI HANDY. Paul Handy, from Smithfield, b. April i, 1737, m. Annie , b. March 8, 1739; lived on the place now owned by George Bowen, f. s. by John Sprague. Had seven children, viz. : Elizabeth, m. Anthony Sweet; Lucy, b. Dec. 22, 1766, m. Nicholas Al- drich ; Dinah, b. Jan. i, 1768, m. Wilderness Mar- tin ; Margaret, b. Nov. 26, 1772 ; George, b. May 10, 1775; Prudence, b. Aug. 29, 1777, m. Hendrick Martin; Lillis, b. March i, 1779, m. Hatsel Wing. George Handy — Paul — m. , Sept. 28, 1797, Ruth, dr. of Zacheus Estes ; lived on his father's farm. Had fourteen children, viz. : Rufus, b. Aug. 4, 1798 ; Paul, b. Aug. 31, 1800, m. Lucy Grant, and lives in Fitzwilliam ; James H., b. 1802, m. Clarissa Kings- ley, d. July 28, i860; Welcome, b. 1804, m. Elvira, dr. of Natha;iiel Aldrich, removed to Danby, Vt. ; Lois, b. Aug., 1806, m. Jonathan Burgess; George, b. 1808, m. Hubbard; Polly, b. Jan. 28, 1810, m. James Ballou ; Benjamin, b. 1812, m. Elvira Nor- ton; Henry, b. 1814, m. Louisa, dr. of Elisha Perry, removed to York state ; Hosea, b. 1816, removed to York state ; Benoni, b. 1818, m. dr. of Rev. David Pickering; Maria, b. 1821, m. Wheaton C. Jillson ; Stephen, b. 1823 ; Ruth, b. 1825. He d. Dec. 26, 1863; she d. June 28, 1861, aged 84. No record of family. Benjamin Handy — George — Paul — m. Elvira C. Norton, of Troy. Had George B., b. Sept. 8, 1838. He d. in Pittsburg, Pa., i860; she d. 1839. Ste-phen Handy — George — Paul — m. Amina, dr. of Jonathan Cass ; lived with his father. He d. 26 402 HISTORY OF THE Oct. 25, 1851, aged 30. Had two children, viz. : Estella A., b. April 29, 1850; Amelia P., b. Feb 28, 1852. George B. Handy — Benjamin — George — Paul — m. Eliza Jane, dr. of Elisha Bolles, Sept. 12, 1863 ; lived awhile on the Handy farm, and removed to the Bassett place, 1868. Had Lyman A., b. May 5, 1864; Etta E., b. Oct. 28, 1867. HARKNESS. Adfim Harkness, of Smithfield, with his brother James, came from near Belfast, Ireland, where their father, John, from Scotland, resided at the time. They landed in Boston about 1730. James went on a voyage to the West Indies, and there died. Adam went at first to Lunenburg, Mass., and from thence to Smithfield, R. I., where he m. Mary Gaskill. Adam was b. 1710, and d. Oct. 25, 1793, aged 83 years. Nathan Harkness, son of Adam Harkness of Smith- field, b. Sept. 4, 1745, 1st m. Hannah, dr. of Joseph Buffum, of Smithfield; 2d m. Susanna, dr. of James Ballou, June 4, 1775 ; was f. s. on L. 4, R. 5, in 1768. This place was south-west of where Henry Ballou now lives. He removed, 1773, to L. 5, R, 6, which he bought of Jona. Buffum, and where he spent the remainder of his days. He d. Sept., 1822, aged 77; Hannah d. Nov. 15, 1773; Susanna d. 1833. Of the buildings, only the house is now standing, in a dilapidated condition. Had fourteen children. By Hannah had John, b. Aug. 14, 1767 ; Nathan, b. Feb. 24, 1769, removed to Saratoga Co., N. Y. ; Cynthia, b. Dec. 14, 1770, m. Samuel Dow, TOWN OF RICHMOND. 403 of Salisbury, N. H. ; BufFum, b. Feb. 23, 1772; Hannah, b. Oct. 3, i773) m- Richard Sargent, and removed to near Syracuse, N. Y. By Susantia had James, b. Oct. 14, 1776, m. Sarah Farnum, and lived in Leicester, Mass. ; Elijah, b. Sept. 15, 1777 ; Sarah, b. Sept. 30, 1779, m. Artemas Bassett; George, b. Jan. 7, 1782; Obed, b. Feb. 16, 1784; Susanna, b. March 24, 1786, m. Daniel Bassett ; Elisha, b. Jan. 7, 1789; Aaron, b. Oct. 14, 1791 ; Meribah, b. March 12, 1796, m. Asa Chase, and* lived in Hinesburg, Vt. John Harkness — Nathan — istm., Jan. 8, 1787, Elizabeth, dr. of Jonathan Sweet; 2d m. Hannah, dr. of Nathan Bowen ; was f. s. on L. 12, R. i, the place now owned by Daniel Hubbard ; removed to the Jerahmeel Allen place in 1841. He d. Aug. 22, 1851, aged 84 ; Hannah, d. Jan. 21, 1862, aged 77. Had by Elizabeth : Robert, b. June 3, 1787 ; Han- nah, b. March 14, 1789, m. Thomas Bowen 2d; Buf- fum, b. March 11, 1791 ; Mary, b. April 25, 1793, m. Aaron Aldrich; Ruth, b. April 8, 1795, m. Ezekiel Nelson; Elizabeth, b. April 28, 1797, m. Jacob- Patch; John, b. Dec. 11, 1798, d. Feb. 3, 1801 ; Amie, b. Oct. 23, 1800, m. Otis Whipple, jr. ; John, b. Oct. I, 1802, d. Sept. 18, 1805 ; Nathan, b. Aug. 13, 1804, d. Sept. 12, 1805 ; Nancy, b. July 8, 1806, m. Timothy Richardson, of Hinsdale. Had by Hannah: James, b. Dec. 23, 1818; Elisha, b. June 2, 1821 ; John, b. Aug. 11, 1825. Dr. Buffum Harkness — Nathan — m. Nancy Fos- ter, of Royalston ; lived a while in a house on the corner opposite Peregrine Wheeler's ; thence removed to western New York about 1804. 404 HISTORY OF THE James Harkness — Nathan — m., May 31, i797' Sarah Farnum, dr. of Moses and Elizabeth Farnum, of Uxbtidge; she was b. April 7, 1780. James was brought up in the family of Benedict Arnold (not the traitor), of Uxbridge. After his marriage, he lived in Leicester. Had Moses, b. Jan. 20, 1799, d. June I, i860; Nathan, b. Feb. 28, 1801, d. Aug. 13, 1873 ; Elijah, b. July 28, 1805, d. Dec. 3, 1835. He d. April 27, 1806, soon after the birth of his son Elijah, and his widow m. Caleb Wall, Aug. 5, 1807. By the last marriage she had seven children, of whom two d. young, the other five being Thomas, James H., Joseph S., Caleb A., and Sarah E. Caleb Wall d. in Worcester, Jan. 29, 1846; Sarah, his wife, d. Sept. 10, 1853. Elijah Harkness — Nathan — m. Martha, dr. of William Bassett, 1809 ; lived on the place now oc- cupied by Roscoe Weeks until about 1828, when he removed to the old homestead, and from thence, 1841, removed to the place where his son Dennis now lives. He d. 1865; she d. Jan. 31, 1854. Had ten chil- dren, viz. : Elijah, b. Oct. 31, 1810, d. Aug. 28, 1835 ; Martha, b. Oct. 22, 181 1, m. John Aldrich, d. Jan. 31, 1854; William, b. July 17, 1813, d. Oct. 28, 1850; Maria, b. Sept. 22, 1814, m. Jedediah Buf- fum, d. July, 1870; Nathan, b. April 8, 1816, d. June 24, 1849; Dennis, b. Dec. 25, 1817 ; Ruth, b. Feb. 24, 1820, m. Washburn, d. 1881 ; Mahala, b. Jan. 23, 1822, m. Almando Ballou ; Lucy, b. Jan. 6, 1825, m. Addison Paine; Elisha, b. Dec. 27, 1826. George Harkness — Nathan — m. Betsey, dr. of Enoch Southwick, 1805 ; was the first blacksmith at the Four corners, about 1817 ; lived on the Joseph TOWN OF RICHMOND. 4OS Wing farm, and on the John Pickering place until 1825, when he removed to Starksboro', Vt., where he d. July ID, 1854; Betsey, his wife, d. Oct. 7, 1851. Had seven children, viz. : Susanna, b. July 27, 1806; James, b. Oct., 1807, d. 1882; George, b. June 23, 1809; Albert, b. June 21, 1811, d. 1856; Jesse S., b. July 27, 1813 ; Mary S., b. Nov. i, 1816; Betsey, b. June 9, 1819. Obe4 Harkness — Nathan — m., Jan. 19, 1853, Ruth, dr. of Moses Allen, and widow of David Ran- dall. Removed to Keene ; d. Oct., 1866, aged 82 ; she d. March 2, 1881. Elisha Harktiess—^. Nathan — m. Lucy, dr. of Ab- ner Twitchell. Wks in company with Daniel Bassett at the Four corners, about 1817. Removed to Wor- cester j from thence to Starksboro', Vt., and finally re- turned to Worcester ; d. May, 14, 1845 ; she d. about 1877. Aaron Harkness — Nathan — m. Phebe Bennett, of Sag Harbor, L. I. At the age of 21 he went to Ohio, returned to Richmond 1827, from thence re- moved to Sag Harbor, where he d. Dec. 2, 1882, aged 91 years. Had two children, Elizabeth and Wellington, who reside in Sag Harbor. James Harkness — John — Nathan — m. Harriet Newton, of Fitzwilliam, Oct. 11, i860. He lived a few years on the Silas Jillson farm, afterwards re- moved to the Smith place in Fitzwilliam, in 1875, where he now resides. She d. Oct. 18, 1882, aged 52. Elisha Harkness — John — Nathan — ist m. Sarah Ann Burgess, Sept. 24, 1840; 2d m. widow Eliza Ann Kendall, Jan. i860. Lived on his father's place 406 HISTORY OF THE at first. Removed to Iowa, 1855 ; returned and lived in Fitzwilliam, and finally enlisted in the i6th Reg. N. H. volunteers, in the late war, and d. at BrashearCity,La.,May3i, 1863. By Sarah Ann had Joseph, b. June 24, 1841 ; Mandana, b. Dec, 1842 ; Adaline, b. Dec. 1843, d. ; Albert, b. 1849 ; John Ed- win, b. 1853 ; Charles F. , b. Jan. , 1856 ; three children d. in infancy. Sarah Ann d. March, 1856. John Harkness, jr. — John — Nathan — m. Cyn- thia, dr. of Reuben Phillips. Lived with his father at the Jerahmeel Allen place, and soon after his father's death removed to Iowa, where he and his wife soon died. Had Lyman, b. 1844 ; Nancy, Mary, and some others. Dennis Harkness — Elijah — Nathan — m. Har- riet, dr. of Alba Houghton, of Vernon, Vt. Lives on the place first settled by William Salisbury, L. 2, R. 4. The large two-story house on the premises was built by Jedediah BufFum 3d. Had Sarah H., b. March 21, 1865 ; Earle A., b. Sept. 15, 1868 ; Daisy B., b. April 27, 1870. Elisha Harkness — Elijah — Nathan — ist m. Sal- ina Farwell, of Townsend, Vt. ; 2d m. Lorina, dr. of Luther Ballou. Removed to Hinesburg, Vt. He d. Dec, 1882, HARRIS. Anthony Harris, son of Richard Harris, of Smith- field, was f. s. on L. 12, R. 5, the place now owned by Charles H. Lyon. He m. Ruth Broadway. The time of his advent here was about 1760. Had by Ruth, his wife, eleven children, viz. : Thomas, b. May 19, 1761, m. Eunice Lampson, of Athol ; Mer- TOWN OF RICHMOND. 4O7 cey, b. Oct. ii, 1762, m. David Ballou ; Ama, b. March 19, 1764, m. David Bennett; Lydia, b. Jan. 19, 1766; Jeremiah, b. May 8, 1768; William, b. March 8, 1773 ; Caleb, b. July 19, 1777, m. Lucy Ellis, dr. of Dea. Martin, he removed to Hartford, Washington Co., N. Y. ; David, b. March i, 1779, m. Wealthy Garnsay, dr. of William ; Luke, b. Oct. 24, 1781 ; Linday, b. March 15, 1784, m. John Crane ; Delilah, b. Sept. 18, 1788, m. Luther Cook. He d. March 20, 1817, aged 81 ; she d. Jan. 8, 1830, aged 94. Capt. Luke Harris — Anthony — m., July 8, 1802, Asenath Cole, dr. of Ebenezer ; 2d m., Feb. 27, 1818, Susanna Jillson, dr. of Stephen Jillson. Lived on his father's place. He d. Sept. 25, 1865, aged 84; Ase-^ nath d. March 9, 1817, aged 33 ; Susanna d. May 7, 1878, aged 85. Had by Asenath: Dilla, b. 1804, d. 1819; Lydia, b. 1802, d. 1865, m. Leason Martin; Almira, b. 1806, ist m. Nahum Grover, 2d m. Caleb Chase ; Lorenzo and Loanza, b. 1809 ; Marinda, b. 1811, d. 1828; Ansel, b. March 29, 1814; Fanny, d. young. By Susanna had Asenath, b. Nov., 1821, m. Orrin Starkey ; Emily B., b. Dec. 27, 1823, m. N. F. Newell. Lorenzo Harris — Luke — Anthony — m. Betsey, dr. of David Martin. She d. Feb., 1875. Lived on the Joseph Holbrook farm. Had Joseph H., b. April 29, 1837 ; Olive E., b. Jan. 21, 1839; David M., b. Dec. 16, 1840; Caleb C, b. Dec. 16, 1843 ; Lorenzo and Alonzo, twins, b. Jan. 21, 1846; two others died in infancy. He now lives in Orange. Ansel Harris — Luke — Anthony — m., Jan. i, 1839, Eliza, dr. of Samuel Parker. Lives on the 408 HISTORY OF THE Benjamin Aldrich place at North Richmond. Had Delilah, b. Oct. 17, 1844, m. Henry R. Martin. Sylvanus Harris, brother of Anthony, settled near David Russell, part of L. 14, R. 5. Uriah Harris, brother of Anthony, was probably f. s. on L. 15, R. 4, the place now occupied by Jos. Swan. Stefhen Harris was from Gloucester, R. I. ; m. Charlotte, dr. of Jesse Ballou, Aug. 24, 1779. He removed to Richmond, 1780, and bought the farm, L. 23, R. 4, of Oliver Mason, 1787. Was a carpenter and wheelwright. Had by Charlotte, his wife, seven children, viz. : Elisha, b. Dec. 23, 1780, d. about 1800 ; Sarah, b. Sept. 29, 1783; Olive, b. June 12, 1788; Stephen, b. Sept. 25, 1790, lived in Troy; David, b. Sept. 12, 1793 ; Viana, b. July 24, 1796, m. Rufus Taft, son of Nathaniel; Susanna, b. June 17, 1799, m. Alvin Cass. He 2d m. Elizabeth Cornel, Jan. 8, 1803. He d. May 21, 1833, aged 75; Charlotte d. Nov. 25, 1801, aged 2,9\ Elizabeth d. Dec. 25, 1823, aged 62. Elisha Harris — Stephen — m., Oct 6, 1802, Lois, dr. of Levi Aldrich. He died about 1801, and his widow 2d m. Ezra Bowen. Stefhen Harris — Stephen^m. and lived in Troy, No record of family. David Harris — Stephen — m., Feb. 26, 1815, Polly, dr. of Peleg Bowen. Had Alcista, m. Edwin Cass; Jas. M., William R., David W., Louisa A., Mary E. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 409 James M. Harris — David — Stephen — m. Lucy Emerson. He lived next north of the Ananias Al- drich place. He d. 1854 '■> ^^^ ^ ^^- ™' Martin Davis, lives in Keene. David W. Harris — David — Stephen — m. Mary, dr. of Martin Cass ; lives in Swansey. Had by Mary, six children. 2d m. Maria A. Cheney, and by her had five children. He is now living with his third wife, the former ones being dead. Christopher Harris, brother of Stephen, m. 1787. He lived N. E. of the Levi Aldrich place, until 1796, when he removed to Troy. Had Luke, who resided a while in this town, on the Noah Aldrich farm. Oliver Harris, b. Dec. 10, 1768, m. Priscilla, dr. of Wm. Cook. Had William, b. Aug. 3, 1791 ; Lu- cretia, b. Feb. i, 1794- He lived on the Hendrick Martin place about 1790 ; he renioved with the Cook family to Vt. HAYWARb. Zadoc Hayivard was a blacksmith for Peregrine Wheeler. Lived in house on corner opposite Wheeler's , about 1820. HERRICK. John W. Herrick, removed from Royalston to the place near the Four corners, now owned by Henry Whipple, 1844. I St m. Maria N., dr. of Esther Hill ; 2d m. widow Juliette Kelton, dr. of Samuel Sprague, 1862. He removed to Keene, 1864. He died June, 1880. Maria d. April 7, 1861. Juliette 3d m. E. A. Whipple, lives in Keene. 4IO HISTORY OF THE HEWS. James Hews, from Gloucester, R. I., m. Mary, dr. of Nathan Taft, of Uxbridge, Aug. 25, 1785. Lived on L. 7, R. II, the place since owned by Amos Garnsey, and Jeremiah Barrus, jr. Had four children. Disappeared from our records before 1810. Benjamin Hews, probably a brother of James, had Laura, b. Jan. 7, 1795 ; Derrick, b. Sept. 25, 1796. Derrick Hews, son of Benjamin, m. Jemima, dr. of Gideon Man, jr., Jan. 30, 1820. Lived where Mrs. Eltheda Aldrich now resides. Removed the old Meader house there about 1828. Had Geo. O., b. Jan. 30, 1820 ; John O., b. April 30, 1830. Removed from town, 1838. HILLS. Deacon William Hills, from Swansey, N. H., m. Abigail Frary ; lived on L. 14, R. i, the place now occupied by E. Putney, and first settled by Josiah Woodward, or Oliver Ormsby. Had Abigail, b. Nov. II, 1782 ; Hannah, b. Dec. 24, 1784 ; Nathaniel, b. April 14, 1787; Sarah, b. April 7, 1789. She d. Jan. 3, 1850, aged 88; he d. in Brookline, Vt., Oct. 18, 1859, aged 96. Nathaniel Hills — William — m., Aug. 28, 1811, Mary, dr. of Reuben Randall ; removed to Newfane, Vt., about 1813. Had Reuben, b. March 5, 1812 ; Silence, b. 1813 ; William, b. June, 1815 ; Mary, b. 1817 ; Nathaniel, b. March 5, 1819 ; Sarah, b. April 27, 1821 ; Miranda, b. Jan. i, 1824. He d. in Brook- line, Vt., 1857, aged 70; she d. in Newfane, Vt., 1836, aged 50. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 4! I Nathaniel Hills, jr. — Nathaniel — William — m. Almira A. Blood, of Putney, Vt., May 14, 1850; she d. Oct. 16, 1867; lived on the Paul Boyce place until 1874, when he removed to the Elisha Perry place, where he now resides. Had Edwin N., b. Feb. 10, 1851, d. Sept. 15, 1870; Arthur W., b. Nov. 5, 1852, d. Aug. 18, 1873; Leslie R., b. Oct. 19, 1855, d. May 23, 1883; Mary J., b. Jan. 7, 1858; Ethel A., b. Feb. 21, i860; Bertha A., b. Sept. 18, 1861 ; Ellen A., b. July 24, 1863 ; Charles S., b. Oct. 2, 1865. HILL. Levi Hill, from Pittsfield, Vt., m., Feb. 20, 1850, Mary Ann, dr. of Jarvis Weeks ; moved to the old Gideon Man place, at the Four corners, 1876. Had George E., b. June 17, 1851 ; Charles F., b. June 7, 1856; Benjamin F., b. Sept. 11, 1858; Mary M., b. Feb. 20, 1863; Kate A., b. June 22, 1866; Hattie M., b. June 6, 1872. He d. Jan. 9, 1883. HIX. Ephraim, Oliver, Peleg, Barnard, Samuel, David, Simeon, and Asa Hix, were from Rehobath, and were early settlers in the- town. The name long ago disappeared from the list of residents. Dea. EfhraiTn Hix m. Mary Bowen, and was f. s. on L. I, R. 6, the place recently owned by Ozro T. Cass. The house, which stood on the west side of the road, was demolished years ago. Had Ephraim, Jabez, Elizabeth, Mary, Joanna, b. Oct. 14, 1771 ; and Lydia. He d. 1822 ; she d. 1810. Oliver Hix m., April 17, 1776, Ruth Garnsey, probably a sister of Deacon Amos Garnsey ; was f. s. 412 HISTORY OF THE on L. 21, R. 9, on Warwick, next south of the Kempton place. He d. 181 1. Had eight children, viz. : Lillis, b. Dec. 30, 1776, m. Luther Cook ; Jonathan, b. Sept. 17, 1778, m. Abigail Holbrook, of Swansey ; Lois, b. Sept. 13, 1780; James, b. Sept. 16, 1782, m. Betsey Smith, of Warwick; John, b. Nov. 15, 1784; Daniel, b. Nov. 4, 1786; Jacob, b. 1788 ; Gideon, b. 1790. Asa Hix was f. s. on L. 11, R. 9, east of where Amos Garnsey now lives. Barnard Hix was f. s. on L. 13, R. 3, on Grassy hill. His name is entitled to special mention, as he was a soldier of the Revolution who lost his life while in the service, leaving a wife and four children, the eldest of which was only eight, and the youngest less than a year old. By his wife Jane he had Dasa, b. Aug. 27, 1768; Stephen, b. Aug. 3, 1770; Abigail, b. Sept. I, 1772; Althear,'b. Feb., 1776. Gideon Hix — Oliver — m. Olive, dr. of Nathaniel A. Bowen, Jan. 21, 1816. He removed to Monroe, Mass. Peleg Hix, f. s. on L. 21, R. 9, where Caleb Curtis lived. David Hix m. Mary, dr. of John Sprague. Had three children. Removed from town about 1780. HOLBROOK. Peter Holbrook, son of Samuel and Hannah, of Uxbridge, b. 1740, was f. s., in 1762, on L. 19, R. 8, the farm known as the Joseph Buffum place. He bought a farm in Winchester, 1779 ; sold his home TOWN OF RICHMOND. 413 place to George BufFum, 1799. He removed to Swansey, 1796. Had by Lydia his wife, twelve children, of which Joseph, b. Oct. 30, 1765, only re- mained in Richmond. Peter and Samuel probably settled in Swansey. Josef h Holbrook — Peter — m., Dec. 9, 1790, Lucina, dr. of Nicholas Cook ; lived on part of L. 3 and 4, R. 9, which had been owned by Isquire Whipple and Ivory Snow, and is the place next north of Curtis Parker's, and is now unoccupied. He d. April 8, 1835 ; she d. March 11, 1842. David Holbrook, b. Sept. 4, 1767, son of Micah and Rhoda Holbrook, of Uxbridge, bought the Con- stant Barney farm, L. 14, R. 10, known as the Jonas Twitchell place. He removed to Swansey about 1824. He m. Sarah Arnold, and by her had Ann, m. Ira Aldrich ; Rhoda, m. Benjamin Kelton ; Mary, m. Joseph Randall ; Virgil, m. Rowena Thompson ; Olive, m. David Aldrich, of Swansey ; Betsey, m. Pratt; Lorenzo, m. Electa Rogers ; Aurilla,m. Slade. He d. Jan. 17, 1852, age 84. Enos Holbrook, brother of David, from Uxbridge, b. Dec. 16, 1772, m., Dec. 14, 1797, Elizabeth, dr. of Timothy Thompson. He lived in the old house on the Thompson place until he built the new brick house on the turnpike about 1824. He removed to Lamoile, Bureau Co., 111., 1834, together with all his sons and daughters, in emigrant wagons, journeying three months — a remarkable exodus, certainly. Had Enos, b. June 23, 1799; Elizabeth, b. June 15, 1801 ; Sarah, b. May 3, 1803, m. Ono T. Cass; Eanice, b. June 30, 1806, m. Stephen Fellows ; David, b. March 414 HISTORY OF THE 10, 1808, d. soon after the removal to 111. ; Jonathan, b. March 7, 1810; Rachel, b. 1812. Enos Holbroo'k,jr. — Enos — m., March 21, 181 2, Jerusha, dr. of Michael Barrus. Removed with his father's family to 111., and afterwards to Nebraska with his son Joseph, where he d, in 1875. She d. June 12, 1878. Had Joseph B., Hiram, Eliza A., Henry, George, and Stephen F. All of these are now dead except Stephen F. 'Jonathan Holbrook — Enos — m. a dr. of Dea. Angier, of Fitzwilliam. He peddled wooden ware for several years previous to 1834, when he removed with the Holbrook family to Lamoile, 111. He there erected the first upright frame house in the place, which he kept as a hotel for some years. He was afterwards engaged in mercantile pursuits in the same village. He was a deacon of the Baptist church, and was evidently highly respected ; he was possessed of considerable property at one time, the most of which it is reported that he finally lost. He d. 1877. Had three sons and two daughters. Elisha M. Holbrook, from Randolph, Mass., m., March 31, 1832, Harriet, dr. of Nathaniel Naromore. Lived a while at the Four corners, and then removed to Randolph, about 1842, where he soon after died. Had George Franklin, b. May 27, 1833 ; Loren F., b. 1837, d. young; Loren F., b. July 30, 1841, d. Sept. 14, 1879. 'T^^ sons resided in Boston. She d. 1883. HOWE. Dr. Amos Howe came from Brookfield about 1797 ; m., March 15, 1798, Candace, dr. of Jedediah Buf- TOWN OF RICHMOND. 415 fum. Dr. Howe, in addition to his professional busi- ness, kept a public house where Eli W. Raynoldsnow lives. About 1812 he went into the army on the northern frontier as a surgeon, and died in the ser- vice. She d. June 6, 1846, aged 70. Had six chil- dren, viz.: Polly, d. in infancy ; Jedediah B., b. March 14, 1800, m. Anna Garnsay, and removed to Worcester; Eliza, b. May 9, 1802, m. Jonas Twitch- ell ; Eli, b. June 24, 1804, m. Eunice Pickering, he d. in N. Y. city ; Horace, b. June 26, 1806, d. in New Orleans ; Candace, b. May 19, 1808, m. Jarvis Weeks, Esq. Bowman Howe, son of Nahum Howe, of Fitzwil- liam, 1st m., Jan. i, 1838, Hannah, dr. of Jacob Whit- comb ; 2d m., Oct. 2, 1855, Cynthia, sister of Han- nah. Lived on the place recently owned and occu- pied by Edwin N. Bowen. Had the saw-mill which was built by James Boyce, now gone. Had by Han- nah : Charles, b. Sept. 14, 1838 ; Isaac W., b. May 1840, d. July 3, 1842; Elizabeth, b. June 10, 1843; Orrin B., b. Aug. 2, 1847. Had by Cynthia: Cora M., b. April 20, 1859, d. Dec. 6', 1861 ; Emily S., b. Nov. 5, 1861 ; Elbridge, b. Jan. 5, 1864; Ephraim W., b. Sept. 13, 1867. He d. Jan. 20, 1877; Han- nah d. Dec. 18, 1854. Cynthia lives in Troy. Orrin B. Howe — Bowman — m., March 17, 1872, Emma, dr. of Amos A. Flint. Lives on the place and owns the mill built by Dennis Harkness on Fall brook in the Pond woods. Had Edna, b. Jan. 2, 1876; Carl E., b. Aug. 31, 1878. George W. Howe came to town about 1868. Kept the Widow Howe tavern four years, and the old 4l6 HISTORY OF THE Wakefield house about three. The latter he owned, and finally sold to the present proprietor, J. Allen, 1875. He d. July, 1882. HOWARD. "John L. Howard, from Stoneham, Mass., m. Mary E. Bancroft, Aug. 14, 1853. He removed to the Jer- emiah Bolles farm, 1874, where he now resides. Has Lorie A., b. June 20, 1856, and M. Jennie, b. Oct. 30, 1858. Lorie A. Howard — John L. — m., March, 1879, Rhoda E., dr. of Curtis Parker. Lives on the same place with his father. Had Vera V., b. Jan. 5, 1880. Alva Howard m., April 16, 1816, Hannah, dr. of Zephaniah Bowen. He d. soon after, and she 2d m. Robert Boyce. Had one son, Romanzo L. Howard, who went to Ala., and finally came north and m. Olive J. A., dr. of Nathan Bowen; he d. soon after his return to the south, and his widow, with an infant dr., returned to Richmond soon after. Olive, 2d m. Thompson, and now resides in Troy. HUBBARD. Daniel W. Hubbard, b. in Walpole, N. H., May 10, 1823, formerly lived in Clinton, Mass. Now re- sides on the John Harkness place. HUNTLEY. fona. T. G. Huntley came to town 1855. Lived on the Oliver Puffer place. Removed to Swansey, 1883. 'town of RICHMOND. 417 HUNTING. Samuel Hunting yvdisi. s. on L. 36, R. 3, the place now owned by Henry Curtis. He sold to Preserved Whipple, and moved to a house north-east of the old place, and there lived until about 1800, when he bought the Sprague mills, and lived in the old house near by, where he died by suicide. Had by Mary, his wife, John, Joseph, and Samuel, and three drs. HUNT. William Hunt, of Keene, m. Nicene, dr. of Capt. Amos Boom. Was a blacksmith ; had a shop near Capt. Boorn's in 1830. He d. 1832 ; she d. Nov. i, 1857- Rev. John Hunt was resident Baptist minister in 1850. 1st m. Caroline, dr. of Reuben Rich. She died, and he 2d m. Maria Forbes, dr. of Calvin. He went to Ohio. INGALLS. Henry Ingalls, b. in Cumberland, R. I., Oct. 12, 1738, m. Sibbel Carpenter, who was b. Feb. 26, 1740; was f. s. on L. 2, R. 6, the place now owned by Mrs. Benjamin Clark, and heretofore occupied by Joseph Cass and Samuel Curtis. He came in 1763 ; was town clerk from 1766 to 1792, a longer period than any other one has filled the office in the history of the town ; was the only justice of the peace whose name appears on the records for many years. He was the maternal grandfather of Mrs. Garfield, the mother of the late President Garfield. He removed to Worcester, in the state of New York, 1793. Had ten children, viz. : Elizabeth, b. Oct. 5., 1762, m. James Cook; Mehetabel, b. July 21, 1764, m. James 27 4l8 HISTORY OF THE Ballou, jr. ; Ruth, b. Feb. 3, 1767, m. Benjamin Ellis; Rufus, b. July 23, 1769, m. Lydia Cole, of Royalston; Ebenezer, b. Nov. 17, 1771, m. Mary Man, dr. of Gideon Man; Sibbel, b. Nov. 22, 1774; Lucy, b. June 24, 1777; Alpha, b. Dec. 16, 1780; Henry, b. July 25, 1783, d. Sept., 1783; Sebra, b. July 18, 1785. Edmond Ingalls,ixoxQ. Cumberland, m. Esther ; was f. s. on east part of L. 8, R. 4. The place where the house stood may still be seen near the top of the hill, west of Jesse Bolles'. He removed, 1783, to L. 12, R. ID, the place where his son Zimri lived for some years. Had Benjamin, b. Aug. 18, 1771 ; Philip, b. Oct. 17, 1773 ; Deborah, b. Dec. 9, 1776; Otis, b. June 21, 1779, m. Eunice Thompson; Zimri, b. March 21, 1784; Betty, b. May 13, 1781. He d. 1816. Zimri Ingalls — Edmond — m. Parna Howe, sister of Dr. Amos Howe, from Brookfield ; lived on his father's place ; removed to the Judge Weeks place, 1837. He d. May 3, 1852, aged 68; she d. Oct. 28, 1852, aged 68. Had nine children, viz. : Harriet, b. March 30, 1808, d. June 19, 1835 '■> Saphina, b. Dec. 13, 1810, m. Josiah Bush; Ransom, b. Oct. 9, 1811 ; Palina, b. Feb. 20, 1815, m. Allen, of Fitzwilliam ; Icibinda, b. Aug. 19, 1818, m. Josiah E. Carter ; Persis, b. July 25, 1820, m. Mansel M. Blanding ; Otis, b. Dec. 31,1822; Jarvis, b. March 31, 1824; Amos H., b. July 31, 1827. He was a shoemaker — which trade was followed by the following named sons : Ransom Ingalls — ZimH — Edmond — m., Sept. 20, 1837, Sylphina, dr. of Timothy Pickering. She TOWN OF RICHMOND. 4I9 d. 1844. Lived in Fitzwilliam, Winchester, and Troy. He d. Dec. 2, 1882. yarvis Ingalls — TAvaxx — Edmond — m., June 3, 1852, Polly, dr. of Col. Stephen BufFum ; lives on the Judge Weeks place. Had two children, viz. : Mary Alice, b. Nov. 25, 1853, m. N. W. Dickerson ; James Edgar, b. Dec. 17, 1865. He d. Oct. 14, 1883. Amos H. Ingalls — Zimri — Edmond — m. Polly, dr. of Nicholas Cook ; lived in Troy. He d. in Gardner, Feb., 1883. INGERSOLL. Cajtt. David Ingersoll, a sea captain of Salem, bought of Jonathan Jillson, 1794, L. 7, R. S, on which was a two-story house and barn. The situation was such as to command a fine view of Cass' pond. The place seems to have been selected to gfatify and per- petuate a taste acquired by long familiarity with the ocean. He was unmarried, and died about 1819. yohn Ingersoll, of Salem, bought of David Cass, 1794, his farm, L. 5 and 6, R. 9, where Thomas God- dard since lived. He remained but a short time, sold to Ebenezer Blanding, and probably returned again to Salem. JESSOP. Joseph fessop lived on L#. i, R. 10, the place re- cently occupied by John Boyce. Had one son, Joseph, who m. Lois, dr. of Stephen Kempton, who lived on his father's place. Had by her ten children. He 2d m., Aug. 16, 1815, Betsey Rugg ; both of Troy. 420 HISTORY OF THE JILLSON. Paul Jillson, son of Uriah Jillson, who was son of Nathaniel, the son of James, the first in this country, b. in Cumberland, R. I., Dec. 6, 1752, m., Jan. 8, 1778, Martha Clark, of Smithfield, b. April 14, 1755. Settled, 1779, on L. 14, R. 2, the place afterwards oc- cupied by his son Paul. Had seven children, viz. : Rachel, b. Nov. 19, 1778, a deaf mute, d. Jan. 7, 1840; Sarah, b. Aug. 13, 1780, m. Nathan Bullock; Silas, b. April 15, 1784; Esther, b. April 21, 1787, m. Jeremiah Bullock; Paul, b. Oct. 21, 1789, Clark, b. June 10, 1792, d. March 31, 1872; Mercey, b. April 22, 1795, d. in Cumberland, April 3, 1824. He d. April 27, 1823 ; she d. Sept. 15, 1828. Silas Jillson — Paul — m., Dec. 10, 1808, Eliza- beth Cook, b. Aug. 9, 1789. Lived on the Jos. Wing farm, the place now owned by Wm. O. Carkin. He built the house and barn now on the premises. He d. July 28, 1861, aged 77. She d. March 24, 1869, aged 79. Had eight children, viz. : Wheaton C, b. July 2, 1810, Asena, b. May 24, 1812, d. ; Anson H., b. Nov. 27, 1814, d. ; Emily S., b. Aug. 7, 1819, d. ; Silas G., b. April 6, 1822, d. ; Stephen C, b. May 24, 1824, d. ; Elizabeth A., b. Sept. 2, 1826, m. Marcus M. BuUard, of Swansey ; infant son, b. March 21, 1831, d. Paul Jillson, Jr. — Paul — m. Zilpha, dr. of Jon- athan Sweet, jr. Lived on his father's place.' Re- moved to Warwick, and lived with his son Sylvester. He d. Oct. 29, i860, aged 71 ; she d. Jan. li, 1857, aged 64. Had seven children, viz. : Sylvester W., b. April 7, 1813, Jonathan S., b. Nov. 10, 1814, d. Dec. 4, 1842 ; Emeline R.,b. March 7, 1819, d. Nov. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 42I 27, 1824; George W., b. Dec. 21, 1820, d. Sept. 12, 1844; Emily M., b. Sept. 23, 1825, m. Jonathan E. Minott, lives in Worcester ; Orrin C, b. Dec. 24, 1827 ; Denzel D., b. June 2, 1830. Wheaton C. JiUson — Silas — Paul — istm., Feb. 28, 1833, Eliza, dr. of Nathan Bowen 2d, she d. Aug. 29, 1842 ; 2d m. Maria, dr. of George Handy, July 17, 1843. He lived with his father on the home place until about 1850, when he removed to the Samuel Allen house ; he was killed while felling trees in the woods, Sept. 9, 1865, aged 55. Had by Eliza: Lo- vina E., b. June 25, 1834, '^* Jo'^ii H. Bullard, lives in Athol; Silas F., b. May 24, 1836, d. in the army, June, 1865 ; Milton N., b. May 31, 1838, m. Susan V. Larrabee, lives in Orange; Anson R., b. April 28, 1840, killed in the army. May 8, 1864 ; Emily E., b. March 15, 1842, m. J. W. Adams, lives in Orange. Had by Maria : Almon L., b. May 28, 1844, m. Ella Williams, lives in Athol ; Sarah Jane, b. Nov. 29, 1845, m. J. M. Ballou, d. April 26, 1873 ; Benj. F., b. Feb. 3, 1848, d. Feb. 17, 1848; Albert E.,b. Oct. 3, 1850, m. Sarah M. Raynalds ; Ella A., b. Jan. 26, 1852 ; Ellen A., b. Nov. 20, 1855, m. Fred. Naro- more; Wheaton B., b. Oct. 6, 1857, died Oct. 20, 1861 ; Ida May, b. Aug. i, i860, m. Charles Bass, lives in Warwick ; Georgiana E., b. Nov. 26, 1863 ; Edna G., b. Nov. 20, 1866. Albert E. Jillson — Wheaton C. — Silas — Paul — m. Sarah M., dr. of Eli W. Raynolds, 1872; lives at the Four corners. Caft. Stephen Jillson, brother of Paul, f. s. on L. 15, R. 2 (the Kendall farm), ist m., Dec. 13, 422 HISTORY OF THE 1761, Hannah Peck; 2d m., Nov. 28, 1791, widow Susanna Cole; 3d m., Nov. 16, 1794, Chloe Tol- man. No other record of family. He d. Dec, 1801. Had children by three wives. Jonathan Jillson, from Cumberland, m., Feb. 20, 1752, Chloe Cargill, of Smithfield ; was f. s. on L. 7, R. 5, in 1766, known as the Ingersoll place. He removed to Rutland, 1794, and finally returned to Richmond, and d. June, 1803. Had seven children, viz. : Naomi, Lydia, Ruth, Orpah, Lucy, David, and Mary. David yUlson, son of Jonathan, m., Nov. 2, 1783, Joanna Thompson. Had two children, viz. : Mary, b. June 30, 1785 ; Thompson, b. Feb. 18, 1787. Hon. Clark Jillson, formerly mayor of Worcester, is said to be a descendant of David. Uriah yUlson, of Cumberland, m. Mary, dr. of Peleg Taft. He bought the John Bennett farm, 1825, and there lived until 1838, when he returned to Cum- berland. Had Lucy, m. John Hamilton ; Allen, now living .in Woonsocket ; and Gilbert, who resides in Douglass. JOHNSON. Nathaniel "Johnson, from Bolton, Mass., together with his sons John H., Thomas, and Charles, came into town about 1852. They lived on the Israel Saben farm. The son, John H., continued there until 1868. Nathaniel d. Nov. i, 1855, aged 75. JITTEM. The Only Colored Family. Reuben Jittem, a colored man seized on the coast of Guinea, in Africa, and brought into Salem and TOWN OF RICHMOND. 423 sold as a slave, was emancipated at the tiipe of the war of the Revolution on condition that he would serve in the army. He came to Richmond about 1795, probably with the Ingersolls, John or David, who came from Salem about that time. He lived most of the time in a small house near the Rice brook, on the old road to Gaskill hill. He married a colored woman from Salem, and had several chil- dren, only one of whom lived, named Charles. He died about 1820, at Peregrine Wheeler's ; she died a short time before. We has^e no date of either his or his wife's death. They were buried in the north-west corner of the Friends' burying-ground, where their graves are distinguishable. Charles yittem, son of Reuben, in his boyhood lived with Peregrine Wheeler ; afterwards, with Syl- vester Aldrich and others. He m., Aug. 18, 1841, Eliza Van Vactor, of Worcester, where he went to live, and soon after died of poison, it is supposed. Sir. transit gloria mundi. He waited long to find a wife ; In finding her, he lost his life. JOSSLIN. William "Josslin, from Cumberland, was f. s, on part of L. 4, R. 4, the place south of where Henry Ballou now resides. This was probably the place where James Ballou, jr., first settled. Thomas Josslin, from Cumberland, was f. s. on L. 4, R. 4; sold to James Ballou, sr., about 1773) and removed from town about 1774. Had five children. 424 HISTORY OF THE KELTON. Aaron and Rufus Kelton, who settled in Richmond, and also George, who married his wife from this town, were sons of Enoch Kelton, from Rehobath, who settled in the east part of Warwick. Aaron Kelton, b. in Rehobath, Sept. 29, 1756, m. Rachel Goff. He bought the Threshire farm, L. I, R. 12, the place recently occupied by his son Wheaton. No buildings remain on the premises. He d. Sept. 18, 1842, aged 86; she d. Aug. 5, 1822, aged 66. He 2d m. Lucretia "Wilbur, of Leyden, Mass. Had by Rachel : Lucretia, b. Feb. 22, 1777, d. Jan. 30, 1849, aged 72 ; Hannah, b. Dec. 10, 1783, m. Oliver Barrus ; Olive, b. Jan. 25, 1789, m. Thomas Goddard ; Rachel, b. April 16, 1791, d. June 13, 1795 ; Asahel, b. July 27, 1795 ; Aaron, b. Feb. 20, 1798, d. Aug. 18, 1804 ; Wheaton, b. Dec. 28, 1801. Asahel Kelton — Aaron — m. Betsey Barrus, dr. of Michael, jr., April 21, 1821. He lived on the Capt. Michael Barrus place. He d. July 15, 1869, aged 74 ; she d. March 4, 1880, aged 78. Had five chil- dren, viz: Rachel, b. Sept. 22, 1822, m. John Cook, of Winchester ; Monroe, b. Oct. 6, 1824, d. July 30, i860; Elon, b. Aug. 8, 1826, went to California, probably not living; Aai-on, b. Sept. 2, 1828, d. Dec. 3, 1882; Asahel, b. Dec. 19, 1830. Lives on the home place. Wheaton Kelton — Aaron — m. Mary Bishop, of Warwick ; lived on the place with his father ; re- moved to Winchester. He d. Oct. 12, 1882; she d. Feb. 18, 1883. No children. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 425 Rufus Kelton, b. in Rehobath, Aug. ii, 1765, m., May 26, 1790, Hannah, dr. of James Brown. He moved to the Brown farm, 1808. Had six children, viz. : Benjamin, b. Dec. 26, 1790; Jane, b. May 13, 1792, m. Charles Woodcock, d. Dec. 4, 1878 ; Crom- well, b. Aug. I, 1795, removed to Pennsylvania, d. July^i6, 1857; Daniel, b. July 25, 1799, d. Jan. i, 1879; Cynthia, b. Dec. 16, 1801, m. James Carpen- ter, d. July 23, 1863 ; Nancy, b. May 6, 1804, m. Lewis Freeman. He d. March 18, 181 1 ; she d. Dec. 25, 1863, aged 92. Benjamin Kelton m., Aug^ 20, 1816, Rhoda, dr. of DaVid Holbrook. He lived on his father's place, and run a team to Boston. Had seven children, viz.: Rhoda, b. Dec. 20, 1817, d. May 5, 1818 ; Rufus, b. Dec. 15, 1821, d. Dec. 25, 1845; Sarah, b. May 18, 1820, d. Aug. 23, 1824; David H., b. Feb. I. 1824, m. Harriet Harris, lives in Providence ; George B., b. Jan. 23, 1826, m. Juliette, dr. of Samuel Sprague, d. April 15, 1856; Olive, b. April 6, 1829, d. April 21, 1831 ; Mary, b. May 17, 1832, d. Jan. 24, 1834. He-d. Oct. 9, 1836. KENNEY. Rev. Isaac Kenney, from Dublin, N. H., moved to the Azariah Cumstock farm, 1791 ; removed to Royalston, 1801 ; was pastor of the old Baptist church ten years. KIMPTON. Siefhen Kimfton, from Mendon, 1762, the ances- tor of all of the name in Richmond, m. Catherine Boyce, of Uxbridge; was the f. s. of part of L. 3, R. 426 HISTORY OF THE 6 and 7. He sold to John Pickering, of Salem, 1779, and bought L. i, R. 9, where his son Samuel and his grandson Simeon since have lived. Had twelve children, viz. : Philadelphia, b. Feb. 23, 1763, first girl born in town ; Lois, b. June 5, 1765, m. J. Jes- sop ; Chloe, b. May 5, 1767, m. I. Whipple ; Simeon, b. March 17, 1769; Mary, b. Feb. 23, 1772, ni^ L. Bishop; Asenath, b. Feb. 23, 1774, m. Coffin; Ste- phen, b. April 18, 1776, m. Phebe Burlingame ; Catharina, b. Oct. 12, 1778, m. Baker; John, b. Sept. 2, 1781 ; Patty, b. July 29, 1784, m. L. Lincoln ; Edmond, b. July 20, 1786, m. Nancy Nightingale; Samuel, b. Dec. 14, 1788. Samuel Kimfton '— Stephen — m. Dorothy Battles, of Fitchburg ; lived on his father's place. He d. Dec. 6, 1868, aged 80; she d. Oct. 4, 1865, aged 76. Had eleven children, viz. : John P., b. June 18, 1810, lives in Stoneham ; Emery, b. Jan. 23, 1812 ; Elvira, b. Sept. 19, 1814, m. Moses K. Messer ; Or- rin, b. April 14, 1816, d. 1874 '"^ Stoneham ; Ste- phen, b. Oct. 8, 1818, lives in Malone, N. Y. ; Samuel, b. April 14, 1821, lives in Warwick; Asa, b. Feb. 22, 1823, is insane; Lydia, b. Aug. 8, 1826, d. young; Alvin, b. March, 1827; Emeline E., b. April 23, 1829, m. Andrew S. Arnold; Simeon, b. Nov. 16, 1832. Alvin Kimfton — Samuel — Stephen — m. , Dec. 21, 1854, Mary Hale, dr. of Israel C. ; lives in Win- chester ; has had thirteen children. Simeon Kim-pton — Samuel — Stephen — m. Han- nah K. Page, Jan. 10, 1869 ; lives on his father's place. He adopted Abbie M., b. Feb. 22, 1881. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 427 KINGSLEY. yatnes Kingsley, from Swansey, R. I., 1768, m. Lydia Bowen, sister of Ephraim Hix's wife ; was f. s. on L. 9, R. 7, known as the Benjamin Man farm ; built the two-story house formerly standing on the premises. Had five sons, viz. : John, b. April 30, 1773, d. May 7, 1804; Elrsha, James, Lemuel, and Peleg ; and four daughters, one of which, Lydia, m. Jacob Marsh. He d. Dec. 25, 1803. KINSMAN. Harvey ^/«5»2aM, from Westminster, Mass., bought of John Martin 2d, the Cargill place, about 1845. Removed from town some time ago. KNAP. Paul Knaf was probably f. s. on L. i, R. 10, the place afterwards occupied by Joseph Jaseph, John Boyce, and others. Abiel Knaf m., April 5, 1778, Chloe Smith, of Warwick ; was f. s. on the west end of L. i, R. 10 : removed to L. 18, R. 3, north-east of the Benson place, and there kept a tavern. LAWRENCE. Amos W. Lawrence, b. in Winchester, Feb., 1838, m., Dec. 8, 1864, Eveline M. Cook, b. in Winchester, Aug. 16, 1840. Owns the Thayer mills, near Win- chester line, and lives in a new house near by. Had Ada M., b. March 18, 1866; Hattie S., b. April 29, 1868; Nellie J.,b. May 9, 1870; Minnie E., b. June 3, 1872; Frank A., b. Nov. 25, 1873; Gracie E,, b. April 11, 1876. 428 HISTORY OF THE "Josiah Lawrence ^h. 1778, son of Jona. Lawrence, of Troy, came to town, 1820; m., 1803, Tabitha Par- menter, dr. of Uriah Parmenter, of Swansey. Lived on the place previously occupied by George Buffum, jr. Had Harriet, b. Feb. 24, 1803, m. Joseph New- ell, jr. ; Hannah, b. Feb. 17, 1808, m. Felt, lives in Worcester; Keziah N., b. Jan. 29, 1810, d. 1880; Harlow, b. Nov. 7, 1812, lived in Harvard, Mass., d. 1882; Angela, b. June 13, 1814; Sarah, b. May 24, r8i8. He d. 1849; she d. 1837. The family removed to Lancaster, Mass., about 1838. LYON. Charles H. Lyon, from Providence, R. L, came to town, 1870. Kept the corner store at the Four cor- ners two years. Removed to the Luke Harris place, 1875 ; m. Nov. 24, 1864, Annette, dr. of Orison Jill- son, the son of Clark Jillson. Had Herbert R., b. Nov. 15, 1875. He lives on the Luke Harris farm, and is on the board of selectmen. LESTER. Lisle Lester, dr. of Lyman Walker, b. in Rich- mond, 1837, was educated at Lawrence University, Wis. ; has become celebrated as a lecturer, elocution- ist, and journalist ; has travelled extensively in this country, and also in Europe ; has been correspondent of London, New York, and San Francisco papers. She resides in New York, and is still engaged in lit- erary pursuits. MAN. Abraham Man, son of Daniel Man, of Smithfield, f. s. on L. 13, R. 9, known as the Nathan Bullock liisle. tz<,\tr. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 429 farm, now owned by Watrous Garnsey, m., Jan. 22, 1767, Mary, dr. of Dea. John Cass. Had eleven children, viz. : Susanna, b. Dec. 18, 1768, m. Peleg Taft; Eunice, b. Feb. 28, 1770; Freelove, b. March 17, 1772 ; Mary, b. July 18, 1774 ; Abraham, b. Feb. 9» ^777 5 Isaac, b. March 27, 1779; Hannah, b. June 8, 1781, d. Dec. 30, 1838 ; Jacob, b. July 23, 1783; Mary, b. April 4, 1788, d. Dec. 26, 1790. He d. 1803. Isaac Man — Abraham — m., Feb. 14, 1802, Deb- orah, dr. of John Bennett. Removed to New Haven, Vt. Gideon 7l/ff«,brother of Abraham, b. Sept. i, 1735, came from Smithfield, 1768, m. Rachel . He was f. s. on L. 8, R. 6, the place now owned in part by Obediah S. Swan. He d. 1800; his wife d. 1810. Had by Rachel, his wife, Daniel, Gideon, Benjamin, Rhoda, m. Simeon Cook; Hannah, m. Edward God- dard; Mary, m. Ebenezer Ingalls ; Betsey, m. Obe- diah Sprague ; and Penelope. Benjamin Man — Gideon — m., April 14, 1796, Susanna, dr. of Silas Ballon. He lived on the James Kingsley farm, L. 9 and 10, R. 7, and now owned by Nathaniel Naromore. He d. 1837 ; she d. Feb. 25, 1814. Had Chandler, b. Dec. 31, 1796: Dellia and Delila, twins, b. March 11, 1799, Delila d. Sept. 28, .1820, Dellia ist m. Amasa Ballon, 2d m. Ellis Thayer; Diana, b. Jan. 25, 1801 ; Joseph, b. 1804; Daniel, b. 1806. Gideon Man — Gideon — m., 1777, Elizabeth, dr. of Caleb Cook, and sister of Simeon. He lived on 43° HISTORY OF THE the place recently owned by Henry Rice, the build- ings at the time standing on the old road to Gaskill hill. Had Nelly, m. James W. Peck; Provided, m. John Emerson ; Arnold, Lydia, m. Trask ; Jemima, m. Derrick Hews ; Gideon, b. Jan. 9, 1804, removed to Calais, Vt. ; Newton, Zurial, Vienna, m. Thomas Cutler, and Betsey. He d. 1817. No record of fam- ily. Daniel Man, son of Gideon, ist m., Aug. 3, 1778, Esther, the eldest dr. of Jedediah Buffum, she d. about 1785; 2dm., March 25, 1787, Anna, dr. of Capt. Stephen Jillson. He was f. s. on L. 12, R. 7, now a part of the David Buffum farm. He d. June i, 1804, aged 45. Had by Esther: Esther, b. 1779, m. Major Ebenezer Swan. Had by Anna : Rachel, b. May 20, 1787, m. Noah Bisbee, jr. ; Candace,b. July 22, 1789; Rufus, b. June 17, 1791 ;Betsey, b. Dec. 23, 1792, m. David Buffum ; David, b. May 11, 1794 ; Stephen, b. Nov. 27, 1795 ; Hannah, b. May 22, 1797, m. Joseph Williams; Moses, b. June 23, 1799. Newton Man — Gideon — Gideon — m., Feb. i, 1829, Diancy, dr. of Jacob Sweet. Lived on his father's place until he sold to Henry Rice, 1830. Had Alfred N., b. Jan. 19, 1830; Verona D. and Sewell W- He and his wife d. about 1840. Zuriel Man — Gideon — Gideon* — was never mar- ried. When a young man he went to Lower Canada with Derrick Hews. He returned with Hews and worked at various places, perhaps the most with TOWN OF RICHMOND. 431 David and Lysander Powers. He d. at Sylvester Aldrich's about 1850. In wrestling match and sportive plays He was rarely beat in younger days ; And when his real life began, He was ever called Zuriel Man. The last of him I ever knew, He was spoken of as Drunken Zu. Thus one was added to the sum ' Of ruined ones by use of rum. Joseph Man — Benjamin ^— Gideon — m., Oct. 4, 1835, Silence, dr. of Benjamin Newell, Esq. Lived at various places in town. Is now with his son Jason in Montague. Had Jason, b. July 17, 1838; Joseph- ine, b. Dec. 16, 1852, lives in Jamestown, N. Y. Si- lence d. May 12, 1874, aged 64. Daniel Man — Benjamin — Gideon — ist m. , Dec. 23, i830,.Lydia, dr. of Jonathan Cass 2d ; 2d m. Dia- dama, dr. of Robert Martin. Lived on the place now occupied by Mrs. Susan B. Cass. He d. Feb. 20, 1855, aged 49; Lydia d. April 27, 1838 ; Diadama d. Jan. 27, 1869. Hadby Diadama three children, viz. : Lydia, b. April 19, 1840, ist m. Artemas B. Colburn, 2d m. C. C. Holton; Mary, b. March 18, 1842, m. Nims ; Daniel Monsier, b. Sept. 6, 1845. D. Monsier Man — Daniel — Benjamin — Gideon — m. Ella M. Adams, of Charlestown, Mass., 1868. Is now on the police force of South Boston. Had Flora, b. May 18, 1870; Horace, b. July 26, 1872. Asa Man came from Smithfield about 1770; m. Elizabeth, sister of Jedediah BufFum. Was f. s. on 432 HISTORY OF THE the west end of L. 12, R. 7, the place now occupied by Ebenezer Cook. Had by Elizabeth one son, Asa, and five daughters, one of whom, Anna, m. Clark Hill, of Franconia, N. H. He d. 1786. Hezekiah Man, from Swansey, bought, 1780, of Constant Barney L. 10, R. 6, the place where Wil- liam and Esek BufFum since lived. He sold the same to Jedediah BufFum, 1784, except the land for the meeting-house. He returned to Swansey. Had three children, viz. : Samuel, Sarah, and Molly. MARTIN. John Martin, b. Aug. 15, 1710, from Smithfield or Uxbridge, m. Margery . Was f. s. on L. 15, R. 6, known as the George Martin place. The house now standing on the premises is mentioned in the early records as John Martin's new house, built about 1765. Had a family of sons and daughters nearly grown up when he came, of which there appears to be no record extant. Had five sons, viz. : John, Peter, Moses, George, and Jonathan, the latter was b. 1750, unmarried, d. young, and two daughters, viz. : Rachel, b. 1748, m. Joseph Cass, and Zilpah, b. 1753, m. Jonathan Cass. He d. Aug. 8, 1785. yohn Martin, jr. — John — m. Sarah Winter. Was f. s. on L. 17, R. 6, the place now owned by Ansel Martin, and built the house now standing on the premises, 1779. He d. Dec. 26, 1782. She 2d m. Peter Cook, and d. 1833. Had seven children, viz. : Wilderness, b. Feb. 21, 1765 ; Hendrick, b. July I, 1770; Ruth, b. Sept. 24, 1768, m. Jeremiah Cook; Prudence, b. Jan. 23, 1773, m. Perry; Ezra, TOWN OF RICHMOND. 433 b. Aug. 20, 1776; David, b. Jan. 23, 1779; Sarah, b. Feb. 5, 1782. Peter Martin — John — m., Aug. 14, 1770, Han- nah Winter. Was f. s. on L. 16, R. 6, the place re- cently occupied by Daniel Perry and Ezra Martin, jr. Had eight children, viz. : Naomi, Timothy, b. May 31, 1774; Salmon, b. July 26, 1776; Benager, Lucy, Hannah, d. Feb. 15, i860, aged 77 ; Lydia, and Lo- vina. He d. 1810. George Martin — John — m., Feb. 15, 1778, Mary Robinson. Lived on his father's place. Had five children, viz. : John, b. Aug. 2, 1778 ; Robert, b. Feb. 16, 1780; Reuben, b. Sept. 7, 1783; George, b. Sept. 21, 1786; Mary, b. Dec. 28, 1788, m. Luke Aldrich. He d. 1822. Moses Martin — John — m., June 11, 1772, Ruth, dr. of Jacob Aldrich, of Uxbridge. Was f. s. on L. 16, R. 5, known as the Levin Aldrich place, now owned by Edson Starkey, jr. Had eight children, viz. : Jonathan, b. Dec. 6, 1773 ; Jacob, b. Feb. 28, 1775 ; Rachel, b. I^ec. 2, 1777 ; Tamasin, b. Sept. 2, 1779, m. John Perry ; Moses, b. Oct. 11, 1783 ; Aaron, b. Oct. 15, 1786; Ruth, b. July 29, 1791 ; Margery, b. Oct. 2, 1794, m. Eli Page, jr. He d. 1810. Wilderness Martin — John — John — m., June 20, 1790, Dinah, dr. of Paul Handy; was. f. s. on L. 7, R. I, the place now owned by Danvers. He d. Oct. 2, 1831, aged 66; she d. Sept. 12, 1849, aged 81. Had John, b. March 16, 1791 ; Sarah, b. Jan. 7, 1793, m. Amos Abbott; Amy, b. Nov. 23, 1794, m. Hosea Boorn ; Esther, b. Dec. 22, 1796, m. Asa 28 434 HISTORY OF THE Whitcomb; Hannah, b. Sept. 21, 1798, m. James Boyce; Delila, b. July 24, 1800, d. Aug. 16, 1800; Stephen, b. July 16, 1802, moved to Barton, Vt., 1829; Daniel, b. June 2, 1804; Jacob, b. June 24, 1806, d. from a kick of a horse. May 30, 1840; Paul, b. June 23, 1808; Danvers, b. Dec. i, 1810. Hendrick Martin — John — John — m. Oct. 30, 1796, Prudence, dr. of Paul Handy; lived where Lewis H. Cass now resides, west end L. 20, R. 5 ; removed to Barton, Vt., 1829. Had eight children, viz. : Mercey, Job, Tildy, Julia, Parna, Atrista, Amy, and Orrin. Ezra Martin — John — John — m., March 30, 1806, Mary, dr. of Lot Aldrich ; lived on his father's place. He d. June 30, 1847, aged 71 ; she d. Sept. 8, 1871, aged 85. Had Alvin, b. June 9, 1806; Sylvia, b. Dec. 16, 1807 ; Ezra, b. March 2, 1810; Chester, b. March 10, 1812 ; Presson, b. Jan. 20, 1814; Alanson, b. Dec, 1816, d. Dec. 20, 1863; Rowena, b. 1818, m. Simon Smith; Ansel, b. April 21, 1820; Celestra, b. Dec, 1822, m. Willard Mar- tin; Amanda, b. 1824, m. Charles Gleason ; Loren, b. March 6, 1827. David Martin — John — John — ist m., Nov. 27, 1800, Olive, dr. of Lot Aldrich ; 2d m. Elizabeth, dr. of Jacob Bump ; lived on L. 17, R. 5, the place now owned by Mrs. Esther Martin. He d. Feb., 1842; Olive d. May 6, 1834; Elizabeth d. Jan. 24, 1859, aged 86. Had by Olive: Otis, b. March i, 1802; Sally, d. young; Mahala, b. Feb. 3, 1807, m. Benj. Aldrich ; Alanson, b. 1809, d. March, 1815 ; Olive, TOWN OF RICHMOND. 435 b. Oct. 13, 181 1, m. D. B. Aldrich; Betsey, b. Jan. II, 1814, m. Lorenzo Harris; Margery, b. April 5, 1817, m. Robert Martin; David, b. Nov. 8, 1819. Timothy Martin — Peter — John — m., Sept. 7, 1806, Susanna, dr. of John Scott; was f. s. on east end L. 17, R. 5, the place where Otis Martin and Ansel Harris have since lived. Had Luke, lived in Gill, Mass; Tyler, Peter, Susanna, and Angelina. He d. 1815. Salmon Martin — Peter — John — m. Polly Glea- son, of Dana. He lived on his father's place.' Had Lavina, b. July 7, 1807; Celinda, b. Oct. 20, 1809; and Jonas, d. young. He d. 1832. Jonathan Martin — Moses — John — ist m., Jan. 31, 1796, 'Zilpah, dr. of Joseph Cass; 2d m., Aug. 14, 1803, Lydia, dr. of Israel Saben ; removed to Swansey, 1820, Had by Zilpah : Lovicia and Rox- elana. Had by Lydia : Lydia, b. 1805 ; Jonathan, b. May, 1807 ; Laton, b. Jan. 31, 1809; James M., b. 1812; Zilpah, b. 1814. He.d. 1832. Jacob Martin — Moses — John — m., March 4, 1796, Joanna Aldrich. Had Esther, m. Kendall Fisher; Aphemia, Moses, Aaron, Lydia, Jacob, and Asahel. He was killed about 1813 by being thrown from a horse. ^aron Martin — Moses — John — m. Dinah . He was in the war of 1812 as a substitute for Martin Cass. He d. about 1820. His widow m. Zoph Whitcomb, and removed to Marshfield, Vt. Had Silence, b. Aug. 14, 1805. 436 HISTORY OF THE John Martin — George — John — ist m., Jan. 7, 1808, Azubah Franklin, of Winchester ; lived on the east part of L. 15, R. 6, the place recently owned by Nathan F. Newell; 2d m., Nov. 22, 1812, Amy, dr. of Oliver Perry. He d. June 8, 1845 ; Amy d. June 27, 1862, aged 74. Had by Azubah: Harvey, b. Sept. 10, 1808. Had by Amy : Amy, b. Oct. 16, 1814, d. in infancy; Asa, b. Feb. 4, 1818, d. 1829: Azubah, b. June 16, 1820, m. Hiram Bryant, d. 1862 ; Alphreda, b. Oct. 13, 1822, m. Luther Beals ; Amos, b. April 7, 1825; Angela, b. Aug. 17, 1828, m. George W. Stratton, d. 1862 ; Asahel, b. May II, 1831, d. June 4, 1832. Robert Martin — George — John — m., Dec. 27, 1801, Mary, dr. of Israel Saben ; was the owner of Martin's mills, and lived on the place now owned by N. B. Fisher. He d. Oct. 5, 1821 ; she d. Oct. 13, 1841. Had Leason, b. Nov. 5, 1802; Israel, b. Sept. I, 1804; George, b. Aug. 3, 1806, m. Maria, dr. of Jonah Walker, removed to Orange, and d. March 21, 1871 ; Alvira, b. May 14, 1808, m. James Swan ; Mary, b. May 27-, 1810, m. Ebenezer Swan ; Diedama, b. Sept. 21, 1812, m. Daniel Man ; Robert, b. Sept. 8, 1814 ; Phebe, b. Aug. 27, 1817, m. Lewis Wilkins, April 4, 1841 ; Lucy, b. Aug. 15, 1820, m. Lucius Aldrich. Reuben Martin — George — John — m. , March 18, 1810, Candace, dr. of Oliver Barrus. Lived on L. 3, R. 8, the Daniel Carpenter place. Had Converse, b. Aug. 13, 1811 ; Polly, b. June 19, 1816, d. 1883 ; Lucy, b. Oct. 21, 1818, m. Calvin Pratt; Hannah, b. June 18, 1820, m. Philip Conville, she d. 1876 ; TOWN OF RICHMOND. 437 George R., b. Sept. 23, 1822, m. Sarah Woodward, of Troy, N. H. He d. June 19, 1849; she d. Sept. 2, 1855. George Martin, jr. — George — John — m. , Aug. 24, 1816, Prudence Smith. Lived on the old farm where John Martin, his grandfather, settled. He d. Feb. 28, 1832 ; she d. May i, 1862. Had Frederick Sumner, b. Jan. i, 1817 ; Willard, b. Dec. 23, 1819; Arethusa, b. March 2, 1821, m. Nahum Perry ; Geo. Thomas, b. May 17, 1824; Roxana, b. March 6, 1827, m. Ebenezer Swan 3d; Mary L., b. 1829, d. July 9, 1831. John Martin — Wilderness — John — John — ist m. Hannah Kendall ; 2d m. Abigail Kendall, of Fitz- william. Lived on the Cargill place, and removed to Penn. Had by Hannah: Emily, b. Nov., 1819, m. Ezra Allen. By Abigail had Hannah, b. Nov., 1825 ; Charles, b. Oct., 1827. Daniel Martin — Wilderness — John — John — m. , Sept. 5, 1827, Maria, dr. of Henry Rice. Removed to Barton ; returned to Richmond about 1840. Had nine children, viz.: Henry R., b. April 2, 1832; Mary J., b. July 21, 1833 .: Daniel, b. Dec. 27, 1834, d. Dec. 30, 1856; George G., b. March 25, 1837. These, and three others d. young, were born in Bar- ton. Abbie, b. Aug. 9, 1840, and Sarah O., b. June 17, 1842, in Richmond. He d. Nov. 8, 1877, and his wife d. a few years before. Paul Martin — Wilderness — John — John — m. , Jan. 29, 1829, Lillis, dr. of Nicholas Aldrich. Re- moved to Barton ; returned, and lived at various 43^ HISTORY OF THE places. Was a soldier in the late war. Died of a wound received in Fitzwilliam in felling a tree, 1865. Had Calvin, b. July 15, 1829; Philinda, b. March 27, 1832, m. Thomas Moore; Philander, b. Dec. 22, 1835, d. ; Merilla, b. May 4, 1845, m. Abel Grant; Lucy, b. Sept. 20, 185 1, m. James A. Mellen, jr. Danvers Martin — Wilderness — John — John — m. Olive, dr. of Silas Whipple ; lives on his father's place. Had thirteen children, viz. : Harriet, b. July 22, 1833, m. O. H. Gale; Warren, b. Sept. 20, 1834, m. Amanda Chase, Sept. i, 1858, d. Jan. 27, i860; Stephen W., b. April 13, 1836, was a soldier in the late war, d. at Newbern, N. C, May 16, 1862 ; Danford, b. Nov. 15, 1837, ^- ^84^ 5 Tamma W., b. Sept. 14', 1839, ^- Sept. 12, 1862; Emily, b. May 31, 1841 ; Laura, b. Aug. 8, 1842, m. A. C. Richardson; Ellen O., b. Dec. 11, 1843, m. Sewell A. Day; Abbie P., b. April 18, 1845, m. Charles Welch; Danvers, b. Sept. 28, 1846; Danford W., b. Aug. II, 1848; Silas O., b. Nov. 2, 1849; Eunice N., b. Nov. 29, 1850, m. H. E. Mellen. Alvin Martin — Ezra — John — John — m. , Sept. 6, 1829, Atrista, dr. of Hendrick Martin ; removed to Barton, Vt. , where she died. He now lives with Ansel, in Richmond. Ezra Martin — Ezra — John — John — ist m. Irena Daniels ; 2d m. Celinda Martin, dr. of Salmon, April, 1842; removed to Rochester, N. Y., and thence to Michigan ; returned and lived on the Salmon Martin place. He d. June 17, 1873. Had by Irena: Mary Jane, b. Sept. 2, 1836; Irena, b. Aug. 17, 1843. Celinda d. March 3, 1883. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 439 Ansel Martin — Ezra — John — John — m. 'Laura Emerson, of Swansey, and widow of George Ken- dall, Dec. 29, 1856 ; lives on his father's place, in the house built by his grandfather, John Martin, jr. Has no children. Lor en Martin — Ezra — John — John — m. , Jan. I, 1857, Mary L., dr. of Harvey Martin; is a truck- man in Worcester. Had Orlan H., b. Jan. 30, 1858. Otis Martin — David — John — John — m . , Jan. 14, 1827, Esther, dr. of Ebenezer Swan, jr. ; lived on the Timothy Martin place ; removed to his father's farm. He d. Feb. i, 1856. Had Russell, b. June 9, 1829 ; Andrew, b. April 17, 1839, '^- ^'^t. 3, 1883 ; Otis, b. Aug. 2, 1841. David Martin — David — John — John — ist m. Rhoda, dr. of Daniel Twitchell. She d. Aug. 17, 1853, aged 32 ; lived on the Henry Starkey farm ; re- moved to Missouri, 1858 ; 2d m. widow Bemis ; 3d m. widow Alcista Cass. Had by Rhoda five chil- dren. Harvey Martin — John — George — John — m. , May 5, 1833, Susan, dr. of Chandler Bryant; lives at North Richmond; is a carpenter, wheelwright, and blacksmith ; was post-master. Had Thomas B., b. Nov. 26, 1834, ^- young; Mary L., b. Dec. i, 1836, m. Loren Martin, d. March 29, 1862 ; Albert H., b. June 20, 1844. Amos Martin — John — George — John — m. , Nov. 29, 1849, Mary Ann, dr. of Benjamin W. Bliss, of Royalston ; removed to Royalston, 1848 ; returned to 440 HISTORY OF THE Richmond, 1854 5 lives on the old Moses Allen farm, in the house built in 1777. Leason Martin — Robert — George — John — m. , April 14, 1825, Lydia, dr. of Luke Harris; lived where his son now resides ; owned the mills, together with his brother Israel. He d. Oct. 4, 1867, aged 64 years; she d. Sept. 29, 1865, aged 62. Had Fanny H., b. Sept. 9, 1825, m. Hiram Walker, d. Aug. I, 1852; Emily, b. Feb. 28, 1828, m. Hosea B. Al- drich ; Alzina, b. April 29, 1831, d. Aug. 22, 1852 ; Miranda, b. July 25, 1834, d. Feb. 5, 1856; Lydia E., b. June 8, 1838, m. Joseph B. Abbott; Leason, b. Dec. 13, 1840. Israel Martin — Robert — George — John — m. , April 30, 1834, Martha, dr. of Henry Rice ; lived where N. B. Fisher now resides. He d. April 2, 1858 ; she d. Dec. 24, 1872. Had Robert, b. Nov. 12, 1835, ^- ^ay 29, 1875 5 Alonzo, b. July 23,1837, d. July 25, 1838; Mary, b. Oct. 28, 1838; Ellen A., b. July 31, 1841 ; Lucretia M., b. Oct. 6, 1843; Roxana P., b. Jan. 29, 1846; Zilpah, b. Sept. 2, 1849, ^- March 13, 1850. Robert Martin — Robert — George — John — m . Margery, dr. of David Martin, Nov. 21, 1839; lived where his uncle John resided. He d. suddenly June 23, 1868; she d. Nov. 28, 1869. Had Edgar M., b. May 10, 1846 ; Murrey E., b. March 4, 1850. George Martin — Reuben — George — John — m. Sarah Woodward, of Troy, Jan. 7, 1861. He, with Converse, lived on their father's place until 1857, when they removed to the Henry Goddard farm, in TOWN OF RICHMOND. 44I Royalston. Had five children, four of which d. in infancy; Mary Jane, b. Sept., 1863, m. Russell Ward. George d. Jan. 5, 1884. Frederick Sumner Martin — George — George — John — m. Abigail Kendrick, of Winchester ; lives in Providence, R. I. ; is by trade a moulder. Willard Martin — George — George — John — m. Celestia, dr. of Ezra Martin. Had Celestia S., b. Jan. 29, 1846, m. George Chamberlin, and lives in Keene. Celestia, his wife, d. Feb., 1846. He lives in Swansey. * Henry R. Martin — Daniel — Wilderness — John — John — m. Delila E., dr. of Ansel Harris, Aug. 24, 1864 ; lives on the Stephen Buffum place. Had Leslie H., b. June 18, 1865 ; G. LeRoy, b. Oct. 5, 1872 ; Henry L., b. Dec. 28, 1874; F. Lulu, b. Oct. 25, 1878. Calvin Martin — Paul — Wilderness — John — John — m., Jan. 28, 1861, Lucy A. Wilson, of Royalston ; lives on the Stephen Boom place. Had Florence A., b. Jan. 12, 1862; Walter J., b. Sept. 29, 1863; Edgar U., b. Jan. i, 1867; Eva E., b. July 28, 1870; Ida L., b. Aug. 12, 1872 ; Josie L., b. April 12, 1874; Lizzie G., b. April 12, 1877. Danvers Martin — Danvers — Wilderness — John — John — m., Dec. 2, 1873, Myra O., dr. of James A. Mellen. Lives with his father. Had Warren E., b- July 3, 1874; Nellie M,, b. Dec. 28, 1875. Stefhen W. Martin — Danvers — Wilderness — John — John — m., June 6, i860, Jennie E., dr. of 442 HISTORY OF THE Ozial Ballou. Enlisted in Co. I, 25th Reg. Mass. Vol., in the late war ; d. at Newbern, N. C, May 16, 1863. Had Addie E., b. March 27, 1861. Danford W. Martin — Danyers — Wilderness — John — John — m., Aug. 18, 1875, Emma J., dr. of John Starkey, jr. Lives at North Richmond, on the Lovett place. Manufactures staves at the Capron mill. Had EdnaM., b. Aug. 21, 1876; Olive L., b, Nov. II, 1877, d. July II, 1880; Clifford W., b. Aug. 5, 1878; Clarence G., b. May 4, 1881 ; Edith G., b. Dec. 23, 1882. Silas O. Martin — Danvers — Wilderness — John — John — m., July 6., 1875, Hattie E., dr. of A. San- ford Borden. Lives at North Richmond, on the John M. Sawyer place. Manufactures staves, etc. Had Percy A. , b. Feb. 12, 1876 ; Stella R. , b. April 13, 1878. Russell Martin — Otis — David — John — John — m. Melissa Richardson, of Deering, N. H. Lives at North Richmond. Had Abbie Jane, d. ; Esther Ann, d. ; Madison M., d. ; Cora, b. Jan. 6, 1871. Otis Martin, son of Otis, m. Lucretia, dr. of Israel Martin, Feb. 24, 1869 ; lives on the David Martin place. Leason Martin, jr. — Leason — Robert — George — John— m., Feb. 13, 1878, Cora F., dr. ofB. F. Lombard, of Swansey. Lives on his father's place. Had Leason A., b. Jan. 28, 1880; Ruth L., b. March 20, 1883. Albert H. Martin — Harvey — John — George — John — m., Aug. 7, 1878, Lena C. Vose. Lives with his father. He is engaged in the provision bus- iness. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 443 Edgar M. Martin — Robert — Robert — George — John — m. Edna Smith, of Newfane, Vt. Lives in Reading, Mass. Had Ethel, b. 1873. Murrey E. Martin — Robert — Robert — George — John — m. Emma Irish. Lives at Bellows Falls. Had Leon E.,b. June 28, 1879. Shed. Feb. 2, 1883. Other Martin Families. Eleazer Martin m. Mehetabel, dr. of Ebenezer Peters, Nov. 2^, 1771. Was f. s. on L. 17, R. 2, north-east of the Benson place. He was a soldier in the Revolutionary war, and died in the service, of a wound received at the battle of Saratoga, Sept. 19, 1777. He probably came from R. I., but it is not known that he was related to the other Martin fam- ilies. Jesse Martin, from Warwick, m. Mary Wolper, March 30, 1798. He lived on Whipple hill, at the John Barrus place. His wife was mother of the Rev. Robert Bartlett, a Universalist minister, who preached in town a few years ago. His lineage we have been unable to trace. Children : Hannah, m. Tolman ; Atlanta, m. David B. Aldrich ; had a son also. MASON. Oliver Mason was f. s. on L. 10, R. 6, the William BufFum place, 1763 ; sold to Constant Barney, 1772 ; removed to L. 23, R. 4, and was f. s. on that lot also ; this he sold to Stephen Harris, and removed from town, 1787. Had four children. 444 HISTORY OF THE HEADER. Elijah Meader was f. s. on L. lo, R. 8, the place north of the Enos Holbrook farm. The house was removed by Derrick Hews about 1830, and is the same now owned by Mrs. Robert Aldrich. MELLEN. Jaines A. Mellen, b. Nov. 14, 1818, m. Sybil, dr. of Henry Ballou, June, 1839; lived where his widow still resides. Had Arvilla J., b. Feb. 15, 1844; James H., b. June 28, 1846 ; John, b. April 9, 1848 ; Hiram E., b. Dec. 11, 185 1 ; Almira L., b. Oct. 10, 1854. He d. Nov. 12, 1870. Hiram E. Mellen — James A. — m. Eunice N., dr. of Danvers Martin, Nov. 21, 1875. He lives on his father's place. Had Clarence B., b. Aug. 6, 1878 ; Roy, b. April 26, 1882. Isaac N. Mellen, from Hopkinton, Mass., 1877, b. Nav. 26, 1826, m. Sarah Phipps, b. Oct. 19, 1824, d. Oct. II, 1848; lives on the Jerrill Curtis place. Had Edward F., b. Sept., 1849; Frederick M., b. Dec. 10, 185 1 ; Charles H., b. March 16, 1854, '^• April 21, 1861 ; Herbert L., b. Nov. i, 1855 ; Anna A.,b. Nov. 21, 1857; Lilla G., b. May 26, 1863. Isaac N. d. Dec, 1883. MERRIFIELD. Cyrus Merrifield, from Barre, Mass., m., April 12, 1835, Jemima Morse ; lived on the Oliver Perry farm, known as the Dr. Ware place. She d. 1867. Horace Merrifield — Cyrus — m. Maria Morse; lives where his father lived. Had Mary and Leonard. \ TOWN OF RICHMOND. 445 MILLER. Ebenezer Miller was f. s. on L. 7, R. i, 1784, the place now owned by Danvers Martin. H. W. W. Miller, a temperance and anti-slavery lecturer, from Vermont, came to town 1848. Through his influence the old Wakefield tavern was purchased by a company formed for the purpose of transforming it into a temperance house, which was kept by Miller as such about two years. He shone like meteoric light Flashing through the sky ; Nought was left the gazer's sight On which he might rely. MOWRY. Levi Mowry m., Feb. 8, 1778, Rachel, dr. of Silas Taft; lived on L. 11, R. 12, known as the Nathan Bolles place, now owned by Frank E. Naro- more. He d. 1812. MULLEN. Albert M. Mullen, from Peru, Vt., m. Irena, dr. of Ezra Martin, jr., Nov. 28, 1868; lives on the Salmon Martin farm. Had Mary J., b. June 17, 1869; Charles A., b. July 9, 1871 ; Willie E., b. March 25, 1873 ; Josie E., b. Aug. 26, 1875, d- Aug. 28, 1878 ; Roy; Lionel, b. July 17, 1881 ; Minnie I., b. March 20, 1883. MUNROE. Joseph Munroe was f. s. on L. 12, R. 10, known as the Peleg Taft place. He d. Dec 14, 1770. 44^ HISTORY OF THE NAROMORE. Nathaniel Naromore, son of Abiel Naromore, from Winchester, b. Dec. i6, 1788, m., April 29, 1810, Anna, dr. of Geoi'ge BufFum. Lived where Andrew Dodge now resides. Was a carpenter; d. Feb. 6, 1869, aged 80; she d. April 5, 1863, aged 72. Had eight children, viz. : Harriet, b. Nov. 18, 1810, m. Elisha M. Holbrook ; Diancy, b. July 24, 1812, m. Silas Whipple 2d ; Roselma, b. Jan. 9, 1814, m. Abel Marshall, of Lunenburg ; Charlotte, b. Aug. 20, 1815, m. Charles M. Roper, d. July 17, 1837; George A., b. Dec. 12, 1817, d. 1818 ; Nathaniel, b. May 16, 1819; George B.,b. April 26, 1822; Sarah, b. Feb. 16, 1824, m. Sumner Downs, of Boston. Nathaniel Naromore, jr. — Nathaniel — m. Abbie M. Taylor. Owns the James Kingsley place, also the Jedediah Buffum farm, and has recently bought the Woodbury mills. Had ten children, viz. : Char- lotte M., b. March 5, 1841, ist m. Charles Johnson, 2d m. Thomas B. Clark; Mary H., b. June 4, 1843, 1st m. Enoch Aldrich, 2d m. Andrew Jackson ; Sum- ner P., b. Nov. 3, 1845, lives in New Haven, Ct. ; Albert H., b. July 20, 1847 ; Clarence H., b. April 30, 1849; Frank E., b. March 10, 1852; Frederick J., b. July II, 1854; Etta F., b. Aug. 11, 1857, m. Charles S. Hale; Lillian F., b. April 12, 1859, ™- John Briggs ; Willie E., b. May 24, 1861. George B. Naromore — Nathaniel — ist m. Abbie Marshall, of Lunenburg; 2d m. widow Mary Ware, of Fitchburg. He lived on the Dr. Parkhurst place a number of years, then removed to Lunenburg, and now resides in Fitchburg. Had Elizabeth S., Fanny E., George E., and three that died in infancy. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 447 Frank E. JVaromore — Nathaniel — Nathaniel — m., March i6, 1879, Irena L., dr. of Nathaniel Bry- ant. Lives on the Nathan Bolles place. Frederick J. JVaromore — Nathaniel — Nathaniel — m.jjan. 15, 1871, Addie, dr. ofWheaton C. Jillson. Lives at the mills. Had Frank B., b. May 3, 1872 ; Fred. N., b. Feb. 22, 1875 5 Victor E., b. Aug. 22, 1877 ; Blanche M., b. Aug. 25, 1879; Minnie L., b. June 7, 1882. Willie E. Naromore — Nathaniel — Nathaniel — m. Mary A. Ballou. Lives at the mills. NASON. Alv^in Nason came from Marlboro', 1828 ; m. Phebe Whitcomb, of Swansey. Lived on a place north- east of the Noah Aldrich farm, which was first settled by Ichabod Grossman. No record of family. He d. in Concord, N. H., state-prison. NELSON. Ezekiel Nelson, from Hebron, N. Y., m., April 16, 1816, Ruth, dr. of John Harkness. He settled on part of L. 13, R. 2, north of the Benjamin Buffum place, where he built a log house and lived several years ; thence he removed to the Jona. Sweet farm, 1832, and finally went to Warwick, 1835, where ^^ ^• May 29, 1854, aged 78; she d. Sept., 1859, aged 64. Had Horatio A., b. Oct. 22, 1816; Eliza, b. July 31, 1818, d. 1853; E. Melissa, b. June 3, 1820; John M., b. June 9, 1822, d. 1826; Mary, b. Nov. 7, 1824, d. 1832; Lafayette, b. Jan. 2, 1827, d. in the late war, 1863; Ezekiel V., b. Oct. 25, 1829; George W., b. Feb. 22, 1832. 448 HISTORY OF THE Horatio A. Nelson — Ezekiel — m., June, 1841, Maria D. Davison, of Burlington, Vt. He first en- gaged in peddling wooden ware ; about 1840 he re- moved to Montreal, C. E., where, in company with a Mr. Butters, he commenced manufacturing and sel- ling wooden ware. This business he continued to enlarge, until finally he had two large stores filled with American and European fancy goods. One of these was at Montreal, and the other at Toronto, and each was in charge of two of his sons. He was for fourteen years alderman in the City Council of Mon- treal. In 1878 he was elected a member of the Cana- dian Parliament ; he held various other offices of honor and trust. The following, from the Canadian Biographical Dictionary, shows the high regard en- tertained for his memory : — A man of the old Puritan type of character, which in his case has never been impeached or suspected of blemish. No community can have too manj- citizens of his class. He d. Dec. 24, 1882; she d. June 25, 1882. Had ten children, of whom seven are now living. Ezekiel V. Nelson, — Ezekiel — m. A. Melissa, dr. of Enoch Sprague, Lives in Royalston, and is one of the more enterprising and successful farmers in the town. NEWELL. Josef h Newell, b. in Cumberland, 1744, m., 1770, Catherine Aldrich, b. 1756. Was f. s. on L. 16, R. 7, known as the Ben. Newell place. Removed to the Artemas Aldrich farm, about 1792, where his son Joseph has since lived. The buildings he erected on the former place are now all gone. He d. April 9, TOWN OF RICHMOND. 449 1814, aged 71 ; she d. April 4, 1833, aged 77. Had ten children, viz. : Mary, b. Dec. 22, 1771 ; Huldah, b. Jan. 25, 1772, m. Levi Randall; Joseph and Ben- jamin, twins, b. Feb. 24, 1776 ; Job, b. Oct. 6, 1779; Jonathan, b. Aug. 6, 1781 ; John, b. Oct. 13, 1783 ; Catherine, b. Sept. 10, 1785, m. Rufus Taft; Asa, b. Sept. I, 1787 ; Arnold, b. Oct. 21, 1789; Rhoda, b. Dec. 25, 1791, 1st m. George BuiFum, jr., 2d m. Stephen Rice, of Chesterfield. Joseph Newell — Joseph — m. Polly, dr. of Joseph Hammond, of Swansey. Succeeded his father on the Rev. Artemas Aldrich place. He d. Feb. 7, 1861 ; she d. May 12, 1858. Had Joseph, b. March 5, 1802 ; Josiah, b. Oct. 27, 1804, d. in Boston about 1845 ; George, b. May 22, 1806. Benjamin Newell — Joseph — ist m., Aug. 30, 1798, Patience, dr. of Jonathan Gaskill ; 2d m. Kez- iah, widow of Aaron Whipple, and dr. of John Cass, jr. Lived on the Ephraim Taft place. Removed to his father's old place, north of Sandy pond, and there built a new house, where he spent his last days. He d. 1868 ; Patience d. Feb. 26, 1802 ; Keziah d. Had thirteen children. By Patience had : Job, b. Jan. 29, 1800; Gaskill, b. Jan. 29, 1802. By Keziah had: Patience, b. Sept. 30, 1803, d. Sept. 19, 1805 ; Jason, b. June 6, 1805 ; Thomas, b. March 30, 1807, lives in N. Y. ; Lorenzo, b. June 22, 1809, d. inWoon- socket, March 23, 1850 ; Silence, b. June 29, 181 1, m. Joseph Man; infant, b. Nov. 2, 1813, d. ; Lydia, b. Feb. 13, 1815 ; Almira, b. June 6, 1817, m. Asa Piper; Benjamin, b. Aug. 12, 1819 ; Joseph, b. Mar. 17, 1822, d. Oct. 26, 1849; Keziah, b. March 28, 1824, m. Asa Piper. 29 450 HISTORY OF THE ^Josefh Newell sd — Joseph — Joseph — m., Oct. 28, 1827, Harriet, dr. of Josiah Lawrence. Lived with his father. He died suddenly, Oct. 8, 187 1 ; his widow and daughter continue on the old homestead. Had Josiah L., b. April 22, 1828; Polly Angela, b. Nov. 14, 1830, m. Oscar Bennett. George Newell — Joseph — Joseph — removed to Pawtucket, R. I., where for many years he was en- gaged in the lumber business. Has a wife, but no children. Benjamin Newell, jr. — Benjamin — Joseph — m. Sarah Walker, of Woonsocket, where he lived some years. Removed to Richmond, and lived with his father, when he enlisted in Company F, 14th Reg. N. H. volunteers, and d. Oct., 1864, of disease con- tracted in the service. Had George W., b. Nov. 30, 1845 ; Emily, b. Sept. i, 1847 ; Benjamin, b. 1849, ^• April, 1880; Amanda E.,b. April 16, 1852; Thomas W., b. Aug. 16, 1854; Lorin S., b. Oct. 25, 1856; Moses R., b. Aug. 18, 1861. Josiah L. Newell — Joseph — Joseph — Joseph — m. Mary, dr. of Abner Barden, Nov. 26, 1856. Lives on the Otis Cass place. No children. George W. Newell — Benjamin — Benjamin — Jo- seph — was never married. Was town clerk four years, and was licensed to preach by the Methodists. He d. Nov. 1879. Nathan Newellm., March 27, 1806, Delila, dr. of Reuben Wheeler, of • Marlboro'. Removed from Troy to the house now owned by Willard Randall, about 1825,. Was a blacksmith, and his shop was TOWN OF RICHMOND. 45 1 opposite the Dr. Parkhurst house. He d. May 2, 1835 ; she d. Oct. 16, 1862. Had Amos W., b. Aug. 13, 1806; Annie, b. June 22, 1809, m. Aaron Whee- ler, and lived in Swansey, d. some years ago ; Nathan F.,b. July 31, 1820. Amos W. Newell — Nathan — m. Sarah L. Lar- kin. Is a blacksmith at middle of the town. Lives in the house built by Amos Bennett. Nathan F. Newell, — Nathan — m. Emily B., dr. of Luke Harris. Has lived in Mass., N. Y., and 111., and now resides in East Swansey. Is a black- smith and machinist. Had Edgar L., b. July 26, 1750, m. F. E.Fisher; Leonard A., b. Feb. 12, 1858, m. N. I. Lewis; Emma F., b. Jan. 30, 1862, m, Chester L. Lane. He d. 1884. Newell was a shingle-maker from New Salem. Came to town about 1830 ; often lived in shanties in the woods ; had a home for some years with David BufFum ; was somewhat cranky, and was a great lover of old cider. The spiritual afflatus in_ duced by its immoderate use caused him to preach 45 2 HISTORY OF THE by the wayside by night and by day. He spoke of " garments dipped in blood," of the " thunders of Mount Sinai," and of the " wonders of the transit of Venus." He died 1865. To heights sublime sometimes he soared, But of the lower depths more often roared ; Sometimes on all his blessings fell, More often all he sent to hell. NEWTON. Reuben Newton came from Royalston, 1838. Lived on the Jona. Thurber farm. Sold to Joseph N. Taft. NORWOOD. Francis Norwood, blacksmith, and f. s. on L. 8, R. II. His house was near the big rock on the present Winchester road, and on the old road first laid through the town. He was among the first of the early settlers. Had two sons, viz. : Francis, who m., July 9, 1778, Lydia Barney; and Micajah, who m., Feb. 5, 1792, Lydia Cooper, and removed to Swansey. No other record of family. Charles Norwood, from North Reading, ist m. Mary Hart; 2d m., Oct. 6, 1852, Phebe, dr. of Jeremiah Bolles ; 3d m. Olive, dr. of Timothy Pick- ering; lived on the Jeremiah Bolles place from 1855 to 1874 ' ^'^^ kept the store at the Four corners since 1877. Had by Mary: Mary, b. April 18, 1840, d. Jan. 2, 1863; Clara, b. May 2, 1842; John E., b. June 28, 1846. By Phebe had Florence, b. Feb. 6, 1855 ; Nellie, b. April 29, 1859. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 453 yohn JS. Norwood — Charles — is unmarried ; has charge of the old corner store at the Four corners ; was out in the 14th N. H. in the late war ; was rep- resentative to the General Court, 1883, and is now town treasurer. NOURSE. Brown Nourse m. Mary Wheeler, of Troy ; was from Boxboro' ; opened a store at the Four corners, 1831 ; removed to Troy, 1835. Had Mary Jane, b. Aug. 2, 1833. He d. in Fitchburg ; she d. in Troy. NUTTING. John Nutting, from New Ipswich, 1870, bought the Woodbury mills. He d. March 6, 1876. Had six children, four of whom came with him, viz. : John P., Oliver J., b. Aug. 9, 1848; Laura M., and Jennie, m. George Sprague. John P. Nutting — John — m. Lizzie, dr. of Asa Bullock ; lived at the mills with his father. Had Victor P., b. June, 1875, removed to Lyme, N. H., Dec, 1882, Oliver J. Nutting — John — m., Dec. 2, 1873, Clara Wetherly, of New Ipswich ; lives now on the Henry Rice place. Had four children, viz. : Cora M., b. April 10, 1876; John G., b. Sept. 16, 1877; Stella L., b. Oct. 3, 1879; Myrta C, b. Nov. 15, 1880; d. April 2, 1882. ORMSBY. Oliver Ormsby m. Alice, dr. of Deacon John Cass, March 15, 1770. Had eight children, whose names 454 HISTORY OF THE are now illegible on the records. A part of his chil- dren were born in Charlemont, and in Buckland, Mass. He d. 1790. The family probably returned to one of those places. We have the record of the marriage of Ebenezer Ormsby with Experience Clark, Nov. 29, 1787, and also of Joseph with Deb- orah Stone, Aug. 17, 1789. Ebenezer was prob- ably the f. s. on L. 15, R. i, the place where Reuben and Laban Phillips lived. Royal Ormsby, the reputed son of Joseph Ormsby and Nancy Linty, b. Dec. 23, 1786, ist m. Lydia ; 2d m. Mary Taft, dr. of Nathaniel, March 5, 1812. He was a blacksmith, and had a shop north of Leason Martin's; removed to Monroe, Mass., 1816. Had by Lydia : Laura, b. Jan. 10, 1807 ; Louisa, b. Dec. 5, 1808. PAGE. Eli Page, from Smithfield, b. Feb. 26, 1750, m. Sylvia ; was f. s. on L. 20, R. 11, the place west of the Saben farm. Had Caleb, b. Nov. i, 1776, m. Deborah Hammond, of Swansey, March 21, 1799; Stephen, b. May 11, 1779, m. Lucy Dar- ling, May 31, 1801 ; Joseph, m. Patty Marble, of Winchester, March 22, 1800; Jeremiah, m. Han- nah Robinson, Oct. 4, 181 1 ; Eli, m. Margery Mar- tin, Jan. 25, 1816. All removed from town many years ago. Record of family incomplete. PAINE. Addison Paine, b. in Smithfield, April 4, 1824, son of Tyler Paine, brought up by his grandfather Bas- sett, m. Lucy, dr. of Elijah Harkness. He carried TOWN OF RICHMOND. 455 on the Harkness mill in company with Almando Ballou ; and, lastly, he lived on the Silas Ballon farm. He d. March 28, 1866. His widow is now insane in the hospital at Worcester. Had two drs., Alice and Medora. PALMER. Dexter Palmer, son of Alexander W. Palmer and his wife Betsey Alexander, brought up by Barnabas Barrus, m. Eunice E. , and by her had George C, b. March 28, 1854; Susan M., b. Dec. 7, 1856; Henry D., b. Aug. 7, 1859. ^^ ^^^ ^ soldier in the late war, and d. of disease contracted in the service. His widow m. Hiram Bryant. PARKER. Reuben Parker ist m. Sarah, dr. of Thomas Wooley, June 19, 1759; 2d m. Esther Townsend, of Townsend, Mass. He was from Reading, Mass. ; was a blacksmith, and had a shop on the Wooley place, the first probably in town ; removed to the hill which bears his name, 1765 ; was f. s. on the west halves of L. 3 and 4, R. 9. He d. Jan. 10, 1825, aged 91 ; Sarah d. Dec. 20. 1779 ; Esther d. Oct. 20, 1811. Had by Sarah : Reuben, b. in Reading, March 3, 1760; Charles, b. Nov. 6, 1761 ; Sarah, b. Sept. 2, 1763 ; Silas, b. Aug. 11, 1765 ; Benjamin, b. July 3, 1767; Amos, b. Feb. 17, 1770: Jonathan, b. Nov. 25, 1771 ; Edmund, b. June 20, 1774; Mary and Phebe, b. June 12, 1776, Phebe m. Jonathan Bolles. By Esther had: Townsend, b. Oct. 9, 1781 ; Esther, b. Dec. 2, 1783; Jacob, b. March 3, 1786; John, b. June 19, 1788; Samuel, b. April 14, 1790. 4S6 HISTORY OF THE The elder sons of Mr. Reuben Parker removed from town quite early ; a number of them settled in the northern part of the state, where they became active and enterprising citizens, and were connected with some of the more important leading industries of that section. The old farm on Parker hill is still in pos- session of his descendants, Curtis and John Parker — an exceptional case in this town. Charles Parker — Reuben — m. Sibbel Hix, Nov. 20, 1783 ; removed from town. Silas Parker — Reuben — m. Lydia, dr. of Rufus Whipple. Had Levi, b. Nov. 2, 1792 ; Silas, b. April 7, 1795 ; removed to Sugar hill, Lisbon, N. H. yacob Parker — ^ Reuben — ist m.,Jan. 11, 1811, Elizabeth, dr. of Ebenezer Blanding ; 2d m. Pru- dence, dr. of Isquire Davis. Had no children; lived on his father's place with Samuel ; carried on blacksmithing and farming. Both families ate at the same table, and had but one money-purse. He d. Oct. 16, 1848 ; Elizabeth d. Nov. 24, 181 1 ; Prudence d. March 8, 1848. Toivnsend Parker — Reuben — m. Lydia Ballou, b. Jan. 24, 1783, dr. of Jared. Lived near Jacob and Samuel, on part of his father's farm. He was in the war of 1812. He d. Sept. 2, i860; she d. Aug. 2, 1873. Children: Esther, b. Dec. 21, 1811, m. John Kimpton, lives in Stoneham ; Hannah, b. March 27, 1817, m. Ebenezer Swan, 4th; Sarah, b. April 21, 1820, m. F. L. Lindsay; John, b. Aug. 15, 1822. Samuel Parker — Reuben — m., Jan. 8, 1814, Sally, dr. of Calvin Curtis, of Swansey. He d. Nov. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 457 13, i860 ; she d. Aug. 7, 1861. Had Eliza, b. March 2, 1818, m. Ansel Harris; Curtis, b. April 13, 1825. John Parker — Townsend — Reuben — m. Omeria C. Page, of Warren, N. H., Sept. 27, 1871. Lives in a new house south of the old homestead. Chil- dren : Alice P., b. Feb. 16, 1874; William A., b. Dec. 7, 1876, d. March 13, 1877 ; Lydia E., b. March 6, 1878; Albert G., b. Jan. 18, 1880. Curtis Parker — Samuel — Reuben — m., June 6, 1849, Lovina, dr. of John Barrus. Lives on the old homestead. Had Theodore, b. Sept. 25, 1850; Clara L., b. Sept. 10, 1852, m. Henry Tolman ; Rhoda E., b. Feb. 18, 1858, m. Lorie A. Howard ; Benjamin H., b. Jan. 30, i860, d. April 11, 1861 ; Jennie Mabel, b. Aug. 12, 1863, m. Fred. N. Harris. Lovina d. Oct. 19, 1873. Philemon Parker, from Fitzwilliam, m. Rhoda, widow of Jacob Boyce, 1814, and lived with her on the Elisha Perry place until 1822. Windsor Parker, from Swansey, m. Olive Curtis, dr. of Samuel, sr. Lived in the Nathaniel Taft house, 1828 ; removed to Providence, R. L PARKHURST. Dr. John Parkhurst was b. in Marlboro', N. H., Feb. 20, 1782. Studied medicine with Dr. Carter, of Keene; graduated at the Dartmouth Medical Col- lege, and removed to Richmond about 181 1 ; practiced in town until 1840. When on a visit to his brother in Penn. he d. in Sept. of that year. He m. Laura Gleason, Sept. 8, 1822. Had John, b. Feb. 13, 458 HISTORY OF THE 1823; Elizabeth, b. Sept. 17, 1825, m. Dr. Leander Smith ; Joel G., b. Dec. 13, 1827. He d. Sept., 1840 ; Laura, his wife, d. Aug. 19, 1841. The children re- moved to Perm. Joel and Elizabeth d. in Penn. John Parkhurst, jr. — John — ra. Lucy, dr. of Col. Stephen BufFum. Had Edgar, b. about 1841. Was in trade a short time, about i84i-'2, with H. B. Swan, at the Four corners. He soon after re- moved to Lawrenceville, Tioga Co., Penn., where he engaged in mercantile pursuits. From thence, in 1847, he removed to Elkland, in the same county, where he continued in the business of merchandizing until 1867, when he commenced the business of bank- ing, which he has followed ever since, together with manufacturing chemicals, and latterly has added to his other business the manufacture of chairs. By his sagacity, perseverance, and busjiness tact he has ac- quired a competency. His son Edgar died in the late war. PATCH. Jacob Patch, from Fitzwilliam, b. Feb. 25, 1789, m., March 13, 1817, Eliza, dr. of John Harkness. Lived on the William Hills place, L. 14, R. i, now owned by Eddie Putney. He afterwards carried on the farms of Stephen BufFum, Obed Harkness, and George Buffum. He removed to Templeton, 1837, and from thence returned to Daniel Bassett's, 1840, to Swansey, 1842. He and his wife d. in Fitchburg, with his son Lyman. Had Edwin, b. Oct. 4, 1817, lives in South Royalston ; Angelina, b. Jan. 29, 1819, d. Feb. 16, 1821 ; Jacob, b. March 25, 1821, went to California; Lyman, b. Dec. 24, 1822; Lydia M., b. JOHN PARKHURST, Jr. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 459 July lo, 1825, d. March 17, 1845 ; Eliza E., b. Oct. 17, 1827, m. Harvey Evans, d. Sept. 18, 1858 ; Isaac, b. May 31, 1831, lives in Fitchburg ; John H., b. Sept. 14, 1835, lives ^^ Springfield, is road-master on Conn. R. R. ; Mary Jane, b. April 20, 1840, m. George Green, d. Aug. 30, 1865. Lyman Patch, son of Jacob, is a manufacturer and dealer in stoves, tin ware, etc., in Fitchburg, Mass. He is one of the natives of the old town who have been eminently successful in his business operations ; is one of the leading men of Fitchburg, and is reputed wealthy. PERRY. Oliver Perry, from Mendon, m. Amy Streeter. Was f. s. on L. 20, R. 2, known as the Dr. Ware, or Merrifield place. Had eleven children, viz. : John, b. April 19, 1781 ; Edward, b. Sept\ 9, 1782 ; Nahum, b. July 4, 1784, d. in the war of 181 2 ; Alpheus, b. April 24, 1786, lived in Swansey ; Amy, b. June 15, 1788, m. John Martin ; Hannah, b. Oct. 11, 1791, m. Ezekiel White ; Oliver, b. May 19, 1794; Mary, b. March 15, 1797, m. Amos H. Reed; Stephen, b. May 20, 1800; Jairus, b. June 25, 1804; Daniel, b. Nov. 29, 1806. He d. 1817. yohn Perry — Oliver — m., Dec. 26, 1805, Tam- asin, dr. of Moses Martin. Lived in Swansey. Had Nahum, Noah, and others. He d. Jan. 28, 1852. Nahum Perry — Oliver — m. Sally White of Fitz- william, Nov. 27, 1806. Was a soldier in the war of 1812, and d. in the service; had Olive, b. Feb. 6, 1808 ; Judah, b. Aug. 2, 1808; Sally, b. Nov. 26, 1813 ; Luther, b. Nov. 24, 1815. ~ 460 HISTORY OF THE Jairus Perry — Oliver — m. Susan Harris. Had Stephen, George, Daniel O., Susan, Amasa, Lydia, and Alvin. She d. July 16, 1865, aged 60. Daniel Perry — Oliver — m. Lovina, dr. of Sal- mon Martin. Lived on the Salmon Martin place. Had Polly, m. Augustus Stratton ; Francis, lives in Winchendon; Harriet, b. Dec. 19, 1841, ist m. Lin- coln, 2d m. Davis; Clarendon, lives in Winchendon. He d. Jan. 24, 1864, age 57 ; she d. July 30, 1872, age 65. Nahum Perry — John — Oliver — m. Arethusa, dr. of George Martin 3d ; lived in Swansey. Had four children, one of whom was Byron D., b. March 25, 1858. Noah Perry — John — Oliver — b. Dec. 23, 1815, 1st m. Savallav dr. of Zephaniah Bowen, Nov. 26, 1843 ; 2d m. Philanda A., dr. of Otis Whipple, jr. ; lives on the Rev. Maturin Ballou farm, known also as the Bump place. No children. Savalla d. Jan. 25, 1863. Byron D. Perry, son of Nahum, from Swansey, m. Carrie Long, Nov. 26, 1879 ; lives on the Joseph Buffum place. Elisha Perry, from Fitzwilliam, m., June 25, 1812, Diana, dr. of Jacob Boyce. He lived on the place now occupied by Nathaniel Hills ; removed to New York about 1840. Had Louisa, m. Henry Handy ; Jacob, Diana, and Lysander. David Perry, from Warwick, m. Lydia, dr. of Ephraim Hix, June 18, 1798 ; lived north-east of the TOWN OF RICHMOND. 461 old Hix place, near the woods where the school- house has been moved. PECK. Ezekiel Peck came to town about 1848, from Weston, Vt. ; lived on the Stephen Harris farm until 187 1, when he removed to Troy. Had Joel, Orrin, Annette, and S. Malvina. PETERS. Richard Peters, from Cumberland, was f. s. on L. 20, R. 6, His house was on the west side of the road, north of the Joseph Newell place. He sold to Simpson Hammond, 1776, and probably removed to his son Richard's, and lived on the opposite side of the road. Richard Peters, jr., from Cumberland, was f. s. on L. 21, R. 5. His farm embraced both sides of the road, including the Martin Cass and Hendrick Martin places ; removed to the farm now owned by Almon Twitchell, 1781, and there built the house, together with the store, now standing on the premises, about 1795. He and his son Lemuel kept a public house and store until about 1805, when the estate was sold to Benjamin Crooker. His wife was Mary, dr. of Daniel Cass. Had Lemuel, b. July 21, 1772, Mary, b. Oct. 5, 1778, m. Joseph Weeks; and six others. Lemuel Peters — Richard — lived with his father, as above stated, and moved to Alabama about 1806. Had by his wife Sarah, three children. Eberiezer Peters m., Nov. 21, 1771, Martha Al- drich, probably a sister to Nathan; was f. s, on L, 462 HISTORY OF THE 17, R. 3, known since as the Reuben Bowen place. Had five children. Israel Peters m., Dec. 11, 1783, Eunice Miller, and had Elizabeth, b. June i, 1784. He lived south- west of Danvers Martin's. Daniel Peters hadia house on land formerly owned by TAxarx Bowen, south of the Benson place ; was in the habit of wearing a peaked red-cloth cap, with a tassel on the top. The story is that one evening, on returning home, an owl lit upon this cap, under the impression, no doubt, that it was a hen, and that Peters seized the owl, carried it home, and cooked it for dinner. This incident gave rise to the following lines : — Daniel Peters caught an owl, for a fowl, For to make a stew ; He killed a rat for its fat, And said he'd make it do. PHILLIPS. Israel Philltfs m. Amity, probably a sister of Anthony Harris; was f. s. on L. 6, R. 3, the place TOWN OF RICHMOND. 463 now owned by Mrs. Amos A. Flint. He removed to Saratoga Co., N. Y., nearly one hundred years ago. Had Abraham and William. Reuben Phillifs, ist m. (name unknown) ; lived on L. 15, R. I, the place north pf the William Hills farm. Had Laban, Sylvia, and others. 2d m. Pru- dence, dr. of Stephen White, of Fitzwilliam, and by her had Reuben, Asa, Cynthia, and others. No record of family. Laban Phillies — Reuben — m., July 7, 1799, Hannah, dr. of William Hills ; lived on a part of a lot south of his father's. Had John, Reuben, and Hannah. He left town, 1816. PICKERING. John Pickering came from Salem about 1778 ; bought of Stephen Kimpton his farm, L. 3, R. 4, the place now owned by William T. Carter, known as the Seth A. Curtis place ; was the fifth in descent from John Pickering, who came from England and settled in Salem, 1633. His lineage runs thus : John — William — John — John — John; and was a cousin o^ Col. Timothy Pickering, who was also called Judge Pickering, and was the author of " Pickering's Reports. Had twelve children, viz. : Nathaniel, Theophilus, Hannah, m. Samuel Welling- ton ; Jonathan, Timothy, b. 1781 ; Betsey, m. John Ballou ; Samuel, David, Lois, m. Abner Thurber ; Eunice, b. in Salem, m. Brooks Gale ; Sarah, m. Nathaniel Marshall. Nathaniel Pickering — John — m. widow Olive BufFum, dr. of Jonathan Gaskill, Dec. 9, 1790. Had 464 HISTORY OF THE Ebenezer, Hannah, and Tamer. Removed to Ver- mont. Tkeofhilus Pickering — John — m., Feb. 12, i797' Sarah, dr. of Jeremiah Bullock. Removed to Ver- mont. Jonathan Pickering — John — m., March i, 1805, Mary, dr. of Joseph Cass. Had six children, viz.: Louisa, Polly, Josiah, Justus, Albert, and Mary Ann. Removed. Timothy Pickering — John — ist m. Martha, dr. of Thomas Kelton, of Warwick; 2d m., Aug. 15, 1812, Nellie, sister of Martha Kelton. He was a carpenter ; lived in the house now owned by Henry Rice, at the Four corners. He d. May 25, 1844; Martha d. Aug. 26, 181 1 ; Nellie d. Nov. 22, 1862, aged 76. Had by Martha : Eunice, b. Jan. 4, 1803, m. Eli Howe, May 27, 1823, d. May 25, 1825 ; Nathaniel, b. April 30, 1805, removed to Illi- nois, 1835 ; Horace, b. Jan. 29, 1808; removed to Il- linois; Martha, b. April 21, 1811, d. 1878 in Illinois. By Nellie had Thomas K., b. Oct. 19, 1812, d. Oct. 16, 1813 ; David, b. April 13, 1814, d. Aug. 13, 1835 ; Alanson, b. Oct. 28, 1815 ; 6ylphina, b. Aug. 18, 1817, m. Ransom Ingalls ; Olive, b. Jan. 27, 1820, ist m. Joseph R. BufFum, 2d m. Charles Norwood; Timothy, b. Oct. 30, 1821, m. Arvilla Williams, d. in Swansey, March 16, 1852 ; John, b. Nov. 27, 1823, removed to Cascade, Id., d. at Louis- ville, Ky., while on his way to join the army, 1865 ; Van Rensselaer, b. March 29, 1826, m. Annah, dr. of Seth A. Curtis, lives in Pascoag, R. I., is an ex- pressman; Amaziah K., b. July 28, 1832, lives at TOWN OF RICHMOND. 465 Eagle Grove, Wright Co., la. ; Lovel K., b. April 20, 1834, ^- Martha J., dr. of Nicholas Cook, d. in Philadelphia, 1882. Samuel Pickering — John — m., Nov. 22, 1807, Olive, dr. of Jedediah BufFum, jr. He lived first on the William Garnsey place, and from thence removed to the place now owned by the widow of Jonathan Cass. He removed to Winchester, 1824. Had Fer- dinand, b. March 22, 1809; Loren, b. July 31, 1812; Alcander, Alvira, and Samuel. Ferdinand Pickering — Samuel — John — settled in Winchester ; was a good mechanic ; he as well as his father was quite deaf; he was killed while tvalk- ing on the Ashuelot railroad by an approaching train, the signals of which he failed to hear. Samuel Pickering — Samuel — John — m. Lorina, dr. of Kendall Fisher ; he lived with his father on the old Caleb Alexander place in Winchester. He d. when about 25 years of age. Loren Pickering, son of Samuel, lives in San Francisco, Cal. ; is editor of the " San Francisco Morning Call." He was for some years editor of a paper in St. Louis, Mo. He evidently ranks with the first journalists in the country. Rev. David Pickering — John — was self-educated, and was a Free- Will Baptist at first, but was con- verted to Universalism by Rev. Paul Dean. He was settled in Shrewsbury, Vt., in Lebenon, N. H., and in Hudson, N. Y. He took charge of the first Universalist church in Providence, R. I., 1823 ; was 30 466 HISTORY OF THE editor of the "Christian Telescope," published in Providence, from 1824 to 1828, and author of "Lectures on Defence of Divine Revelation," 1831 ; published a hymn-book, 1828, and was editor of the " Gospel Preacher," 1828. He removed from Provi- dence to western New York, and finally removed to Ypsilanti, Mich., where he d. Jan. 6, 1859. Alanson Pickering — Timothy — John — m. Phi- anda M., dr. of Benoni Ballon, May 28, 1840 ; was a carpenter and wheelwright; had a shop where Mrs. Vienna Scott's house stands. He d. Jan. 21, 1849; she d. Aug., 1882. Had three children, viz. : Charles F., b. May 25, 1841 ; Warren A., b. Sept. 7, 1844; Sarah Jane, d. in infancy. Charles JR. Pickering — Alanson — Timothy — John — 1st m. Mary C. Bemis, of Dummerston ; 2d m., March 28, 1883, Ida M., dr. of Jonas Wheeler. He built and lived in the house next east of Benoni Ballou's. Had by Mary C. : Lillian M., b. July 10, 1867, d. in infancy; Ernest C, b. Sept. i, 1868; Mary A., b. Nov. i, 1872, d. in infancy. Warren A. Pickering — Alanson — Timothy — John — is m., and is a policeman in New Haven, Ct. ; was in the service in the late war. William Pickering, who was a brother of John, from Salem, bought, about 1780, Silas Gaskill's farm, and lived on the same until about 1795, when he removed to Warwick. He m., Nov. 18, 1781, Philadelphia, dr. of Stephen Kimpton, and had Hannah, b. Oct. 8, 1784; also William and Tamer, and perhaps some others. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 467 PICKETT. Ernest L. Pickett, son of Hosea G., of Winchester, m. Alma I., dr. of Ambrose Swan; was a black- smith at the Four corners, 1882. Had Leon E., b. June 6, 1882. PIPER. Asa Pifer ist m. Almira, dr. of Benjamin Newell, Dec. 21, 1836 ; 2d m. Keziah, sister of Almira, Dec. 28, 1848; 3d m., Nov. 20, 1859, Caroline Starkey, dr. of James BufFum. He came to Richmond, from Orange, about 1845 ; lived on the Bassett place, at the Four corners ; built a steam saw-mill at the Four corners about 1854. ^^ ^' ^^'^- S' ^^^S ' Almira d. Feb. 23, 1848; Keziah d. Jan. i, i860. Had by Almira : Volney, who m. Julia Cole, and now lives in East Templeton. He was a soldier in the late war. POTTER. Moses Potter m. Lovisa, dr. of Richard Peters, Nov. 21, 1793; was licensed as an innkeeper at the Crooker place. Had five children. Ste-phen Potter, from Swansey, m. Martha, dr. of Nathan Aldrich ; lived on his wife's place, the house built and occupied by her father. He d. Dec. 15, 1863, aged 97, the greatest age of any man in town. She d. Aug. 4, 1853, aged 67. POWERS. David Powers, b. in Phillipston, March 25, 1783, removed from Petersham to Richmond, April i. 468 HISTORY OF THE 1820. He bought the Wakefield tavern, at the Four corners ; sold the same to Stephen Wheeler, jr., about 1830; removed to Royalston, April i, 1831, and from thence to Hardwick, April i, 1834. ^^ ™' Mary Gleason, at Langdon, N. H., Feb. 17, 1814. Had Avalina C, b. in Petersham, Nov. 12, 1814, m. Arad Walker, 1833 ; Lysander, b. in Petersham, Nov. 28, 1816; Mary, b. in Richmond, July 21, 1821, d. Nov. I, 1824; Louisa, b. Nov. 11, 1823, m. Edward Dexter; Mary Angelia, b. Feb. 16, 1829, m. Windsor Gleason; Julia A., b. Nov. 20, 1831, m. Alfred Robinson. David Powers d. Dec. 17, 1866, aged 83 ; Mary, his wife, d. June 29, 1844, aged 53. Lysander Powers, son of David, m. Hannah Dex- ter, of Hardwick, June 8, 1842, where he now re- sides. He is a successful farmer in the town of his adoption, well respected by his townsmen, and cer- tainly an honor to the town of his early home. PRESCOTT. Fred. Prescott, son of Mrs. C. H. Doolittle, owns the house next west of Dan. Buffum's. He now resides with his mother. PUFFER. Oliver Puffer, son of Rev. Reuben Puffer, D.D., of Berlin, Mass., b. about 1800, m. Phebe Thayer, dr. of Asa ; bought the Capron clothing works at North Richmond, in company with Martin Sawyer, 1831 ; removed to New Salem, where he d., aged about 80. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 469 PUTNEY. Ezra Putney came to town about 1833 ; lived several years on the place south of the road by the Noah Aldrich place, and, lastly, on the Samuel Car- penter farm ; removed to Fitzwilliam, 1854, Had a son, David, who lives in Fitzwilliam. His wife d. Jan. 8, 1859, aged 72. Nahum Putney, from Fitzwilliam, removed to the place settled by Josiah Woodward, and known as the Hill place, 1848. He d. in the late war. Had by Julia, his wife : AVilliam C, George W., Henry, b. Nov. 6, 1850; Susan, b. May 19, 1853; Eddie, b. July 21, 1855 ; Harvey, b. March 7, 1858; Nahum, b. Feb. 10, 1862. William C. Putney, son of Nahum, m. Serussa Brown, Dec. 24, 1867. He owns and operates the Thornton mills ; manufactures lumber and pail-stufF. Had Ellsworth, b. Aug. 26, 1868, and a dr., b. Feb. 9, 1874. Eddie Putney, son of Nahum, m. Hattie C. Car- penter, Jan. II, 1880. He lives on his father's place. Had Hattie S., b. 1881. RAMSDELL. Aquilla Ramsdell was a resident of the town about 1786. He probably lived on the place once occupied by Capt. Abner Aldrich. He removed to Swansey. Elisha Ramsdell, from Swansey, lived a few years on a place north of Reuben Bowen's, L. 19, R- 3 ; house on the east side of the Road. He occupied the place from 1830 to 1833. 470 HISTORY OF THE RANDALL. Abraham Randall, b. Nov. 24, 1731, came from Smithfield, 1763, and was f. s. on L. 12, R. 8, known as the David BufFum place. Was the ancestor of all of the name in this vicinity. He was substantially the first settler, although it is probable that a small clearing had been made by his wife's brother, a Mr. Lyon, the year before. He removed to Swansey about 1786. Had by his wife, Sarah Lyon, eleven children, four of whom were born before his advent in Richmond, viz. : Freelove, b. Jan. 11, 1754, m. Jonathan Wheeler; Mary, b. Oct. 22, 1756, m. An- anias Aldrich; Reuben, b. Jan. 27, 1760; Levi, b. Dec. 22, 1761 ; Wait, b. April 10, 1763; Sarah, b. Aug. 20, 1765, m. David Twitchell ; Rufus, b. Dec. 5, 1768; Asahel, b. April 30, 1770; Stephen, b. Feb. 15, 1774; Abraham, b. Oct. 7, 1778; William, b. Sept. 26, 1780. He d. 1804. Reuben Randall — Abraham — m. Mary Aldrich, from Northbridge, a sister of Joseph Newell's wife. Was f. s. on L. 17, R. 2 ; apparently the first and last occupant of the place. Had twelve children, viz. : Hannah, b. Jan. 10, 1783, d. March 25, 1855 ; David, b. July 21, 1784; Mary, b. Sept. 29,1785; Joseph, b. June i, 1786; Rufus, b. June 29, 1792, d. March 10, 1867 ; Sarah, b. July 19, 1794; Lydia, b. April 26, 1796, m. Amos Wheeler; Rhoda, b. June 12, 1798, m. Peregrine Wheeler; Silence, b. Nov. 25, 1800, d. young; Reuben, b. Nov. i, 1802 ; Levi, b. June 8, 1805 ; Stephen, b. May 25, 1807, d. May, 1883. He d. Aug. 16, 185 1, aged 91 ; she d. about 1830. Levi Randall — Abraham — m. Huldah, dr. of Joseph Newell, Nov. 12, 1792. Bought, 1801, of TOWN OF RICHMOND. 47 1 Dea. Simeon Thayer, his farm, L. 14, R. 8, the place now owned by Walter N. Gay, and to the orig- inal place he added the farms of Lot Aldrich, David Robinson, and others. Built the house now standing on the premises, 1813. He d. July 3, 1843, age 82 ; she d. May 16, 1861, aged 87. Had fifteen children, viz.: Mary, b. Jan.-3, 1793, d. Feb. 15, 1828; Ben- jamin, b. July 28, 1794; Joseph, b. Aug. 24, 1796; Levi, b. Aug. 31, 1798; Huldah,b. Aug. 31, 1798, d. March 24, 1803 ; Abraham, b. Aug. 16, 1800, d. Sept. 29, 1873; Lucy, b.July 15, 1802, d. April 12, 1803; Reuben, b. July 15, 1804, d. July 8, 1818 ; Elisha, b. Aug. 2, 1806, d. Nov. 10, 1809; Stephen, b. March 9, 1808; Lyman, b.. April. 17, j8io, lives in Pascagoula, Ala. ; Jonas, b. Nov. 14, 181 1, d. un- married; John, b. April 15, 1814, lives in Boston; Silence, b. April 18, 1816, m. Edson Starkey ; David, b. Feb. 24, 1819, lives in Waltham, Mass. Stephen Randall — Abraham — ist m. i799,Lydia Hammond, of Swansey ; 2d m. Cena Smith, 1816. Lived in Winchester. William Randall — Abraham — m. Sarah, b. Sept. 22, 1783, dr. of Uriah Parmenter; 2d m., Aug. 18, 1835? widow Mahala Kelton. Removed from Swan- sey to the place now owned and occupied by Amos and William Garnsey about 1815. He d. April 11, 1859; Sarah d. June 26, 1834; Mahala d. Nov. 28, 1865. Had by Sarah nine children, viz. : Willard, b. Dec. 24, 1802 ; Uriah, b. Sept. 30, 1804, d. Aug. 9, 1806; Clarissa, b. Dec. 7, 1806, m. Amos Garn- sey; Moses, b. Feb. 23, 1809; William, b. Aug. 7, 1811, d. June 18, 1813 ; Alfreda, b. March 23, 1814, 472 HISTORY OF THE m. Andrew Watrous ; William, b. Aug. 25, 1816; Rhoda, b. April 11, 1819, m. Ahaz Bassett; Asahel, b. July 26, 1822. d. Sept. 27, 1846. David Randall — Reuben — Abraham — m., 1824, Ruth, dr. of Moses Allen, jr. Lived with his father. He d. April, 1836 ; she 2d m. Obed Harkness ; she d. March 2, 1881. Had eight children, viz. : David F., b. April 19, 1825, d. in Springfield; Reuben G., b. Sept. 26, 1826, is cashier of bank, Woonsocket, R. I. ; Hannah, d. in infancy ; Moses A., b. Oct. 20, 1829, d. April 20, 1851 ; Stephen L., b. March 13, 1831 ; Samuel, b. March 13, 1831, d. in infancy; Thomas A., b. Aug. 4, 1834, is a cotton broker in Providence, R. I.; Benjamin F., b. July 25, 1836, cotton broker, New Bedford. Ste-phen Randall — Levi — Abraham — ist m., Oct. 2, 1831, Diancy, dr. of Luther Cook. Lived on his father's place until 1869, when he removed to Keene, where he now resides. Shed. Oct. 12, 1882. Had Mary, b. Oct. 24, 1832, m. Asa H. Bullock; Stephen W., b. Oct. 4, 1840, d. Aug. 6, 1841 ; Levi W., b. May 13, 1842; David L., b. Nov. 23, 1844; Elbridge G., b. Feb. 13, 1853; Stephen Byron, b. Feb. 12, 1857, d. Dec. 12, 1882. He 2d m. Clara F. Farnum, Dec. 27, 1883. Josef h Randall — Levi — Abraham — m. Mary, dr. of David Holbrook ; removed, about 1823, to Mc- Donough, Chenango Co., N. Y., where he died, and the family returned to Richmond, about 1842. Had David R., b. Aug. 21, 1818, was a lawyer in Penn- sylvania, d. ; Susan, b. Feb. 11, 1820, m. Austin Brown; ArdeliaC.,b. Oct. 28, 1824, m. Joseph Ham-' Hon. DAVID RANDALL. (See page 473.) TOWN OF RICHMOND. 473 mond, d. ; Mary, b. June 28, 1826, m. John A. Bryant ; Sarah A., b. Oct. 5, 1827, m. Samuel Gates, of Keene; Louisa, b. June 2, 1830, m. Dr. Samuel Wright; Cynthia, b. May 3, 1832; Elnorah E., b. Jan. 28, 1837. Mrs. Randall, Ardelia, Mary, and Sarah are now dead. David Randall — Levi — Abraham — ist m. Laura J., dr. of Moses Tyler; 2d m., June 24, 1869, Grace Robie. By Laura had D. Byron, b. 1846 ; Laura Eva, and Addie; Laura J. d. July, i860. By Grace had Albert W. He is a merchandise broker in Boston ; lives in Waltham ; has been president of the Waltham Loan Association, trustee of the Waltham Savings bank, representative of the General Court three years, and senator two years. He has accumulated an ample fortune. Willard Randall — William — Abraham — m., March 23, 1829, Cyrene, dr. of George Aldrich 3d,. of Smithfield ; first carried on cloth-dressing at Guinea, then lived on the Levi Mowry place ; removed to the Four corners, 1838, and has since carried on blacksmithing. Had George W., b. Sept. 6, 1830; Sarah O., b. Sept. 29, 1836, m. Jonathan C. Bryant; Pascal, b. May 10, 1844, d. 1846. Has been suc- cessively selectman and moderator, and also repre- sentative to General Court. Moses Randall — William — Abraham — ist m. Marietta Jenks ; 2d m. Betsey Walker; lived on the Nathan Bullock farm one year ; has been overseer in ■ a factory at Woonsocket most of , his life ; now resides in East Blackstone, on a farm. 474 HISTORY OF THE William Randall — William — Abraham — m. Eliza Hatch ; was overseer in a factory ; lastly, lived in Franklin, and there d., 1881. Had William H., b. 1859. George W. Randall — Willard — William — Abra- ham — m., Oct. 18, 1854, Hannah, dr. of Nicholas Cook ; lived in Troy ; removed to the Enos Hol- brook farm, where he now resides. Had Walter G., b. Aug. 20, 1856. Stephen L. Randall — David — Reuben — Abra- ham, m., April, 1852, Nancy, dr. of Silas Whipple; is a merchant in Keene. Had Ida E., b. Nov. 11, 1853, m. Henry F. Holbrook, Dec. 31, 1873; Clara E., b. April 4, 1859; ^^'^ '^•■> b- June, 1864. RAWSON. Simeon Rawson, from Orange, 1787, bought the place where Daniel Cass and his son Jonathan lived ; removed from the place, about 1793, to some place on Whipple hill. fosiah Rawson, son of Josiah Rawson, of War- wick, m. Sarah, dr. of Robert BufFum ; came to town, 1S04; succeeded William BufFum in trade at the middle of the town. He removed to Richmond, Vt., and from thence went to Lenox, Madison Co., N. Y., where he d. May 8, 1861 ; she d. Feb. 6, 1848. Had nine children. Jonathan Rawson, son of Josiah Rawson, of War- wick, m., March 27, 1808, Lavina, dr. of Esek Buffum. He was the successor of his brother Josiah in the store at the middle of the town. He d. Dec. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 475 24, 1843, aged 59 ; shed. Aug. 12, 1864, aged 77. Had three children, viz. : Alonzo, b. Feb. 28, 1809, removed to Louisville, Ky., and now lives in Chi- cago; Orrin, b. Oct. 25, 1812, was a merchant in Worcester and Boston, and finally removed to Ohio, and d. in Louisville, Ky. ; Angela, b. Aug. 23, 1815, m. Uberto Bowen. RAYMER. yames Raymer, b. Feb. 2, 1733, was f. s. on L. 6, R. 7, 1770; the place was west of Jonathan Cass'. He d. 1808. Had a son, James. No record of family. RAYNOLDS. Eli W. Raynolds, b. in Peacham, Vt., March i, 1813, m. Louisa Hart. She d. 1864. He lives on the widow Howe place, at the Four corners. Had Sarah Jane, b. Nov. 22, 1841, m. Willard R. Graves ; George F., b. May 22, 1843, d. in the war, 1865 ; Mary Eliza, b. July 10, 1852, m. Albert E. Jillson, removed to Richmond from Swansey about 1870. RAZEE. fcsefh Razee was f. s. on L. 10, R. 5, the same being now a part of the farm of Amos Martin. Re- moved from town, 1777. Had eight children. READ. Daniel Read, from Smithfield, was f. s. on L. 15, R. 10, known as the Uriah Jillson or John Bennett farm. He removed to Swansey^ about 1784. Had by Lydia, his wife : Lydia, b. July 6, 1776. David Read, from Rehobath, probably a brother of Daniel, was f. s. on L. 17, R. 10, known as the 476 HISTORY OF THE Elijah BoUes place. Had by Lydia, his wife : Rufus, b. May 31, 1778; Amy, b. July 26, 1780. He removed to Swansey about 1781. He m. Abi- gail Daggett for his second wife, and had several children. He d. 1819. Amos H. Read m., Nov. 24, 1819, Mary, dr. of Oliver Perry. He bought the Samuel Carpenter farm, known also as the Southwick place, now owned by Ebenezer Cook, 1814. No record of family. He d. 1829; she d. Dec. 22, 1877, aged 80. RICH. Reuben Rich removed from Winchester to the Sol- omon Atherton farm, 1829. He made an exchange of farms with William Black, who had previously oc- cupied it. He m. Laura Lovell, a sister of Aldis LovelljEsq., of Alstead. Had four children, viz. : Aldis L., removed to Mount Clemens, Mich. ; Lewis G., Caroline P., b. 1822, m. Rev. John Hunt, and Laura M., who died young. He d. Feb. 21, 1863, age 77 ; she d. Oct. 2, 1864, aged 68. Lewis G. Rich — Reuben — m. March 27, 1870, widow Barbara Spencer, dr. of Isquire Whipple. Lived on his father's place. Died, 1870, by suicide. RICE. Col. Henry Rice, b. in Providence, 1745, removed to Richmond, 1805, with his two children, Henry B., and Mary Ann. Lived on the Joseph Wing farm, known also as the Col. Jillson place. He d. Oct. 17, 1820. His son d. previously ; his dr. m. Loomis, and went to Ct. TOWN OF RICHMOND, 477 Henry Rice, a distant relative of Col. Rice, was b. in Sudbury, April i6, 1770; m. Abigail Rice. He first settled in Barre, Mass., 1801, from thence re- moved to Cambridgeport, and finally to Richmond, 1810. Lived with Col. Rice until his decease, and afterwards resided on the Bump place, and the farm recently owned by his son Henry. He d. July 14, 1842 ; she d. April 26, 1846. Had Maria, b. Oct. 26, 1802, m. Daniel Martin ; Henry, b. July 29, 1805 ; George G., b. Feb. 19, 1808, d. in Grafton; Martha W., b. Oct. 22, 1809, m. Israel Martin. Henry Rice, jr. — Henry — m., Dec. 13, 1832, Elizabeth, dr. of Robert Swan. Bought, 1830, the farm formerly owned by Gideon Man, jr., and there lived until June, 1882, when he removed to the Pick- ering place at the Four corners. She d. Dec. 9, 1881 . Had Abigail, b. Sept. 16, 1833, m. Charles Colburn ; Denzil S., b. May 5, 1836, d. June 8, 1882; Henry H., b. Jan. 5, 1840, d. June 26, 1851 ; Caroline, b. June 30, 1845, d. Dec. 22, 1846: Amie Ann, b. Aug. 31, 1848. ROBINSON. John Robinson, ixoxn.Kvi\.€ooxo\ m. Huldah Newell, probably a sister of Joseph, sr. Was f. s. on L. 17, R. 8, known as the John BoUes farm, now owned by Mrs. Benjamin Bolles. Removed about 1783. Had Ezra, Mary, Sarah, Huldah, Peter, and Lucy. Timothy Robinson was f. s. on L. 2, R. 10, known as the Jared Ballou place, 1772. Removed from town about 1780. David Robinson, probably a son of John, m., Nov. 18, 1807, Mary Fisher, sister of Laban Thornton's 478 HISTORY OF THE wife. He lived on L. 17, R. 7, north of the Ben. Newell place. Had Sarah, a non comfos, and prob- ably some others. Harmon Robinson m., Jan. 29, 1826, Cyrintha dr. of Thompson Thayer. Had Laprelate, b. June 5, 1829 ; Fernando S., b. Nov. 28, 1832. He came from Maine. ROPER. Charles Rofer xa.. Charlotte, dr. of Nathaniel Naro- more. Was a blacksmith at the Four corners. She d. July 17, 1837. RUSSELL. David Russell, probably from Smithfield, m. Eliz- abeth Harris. Was f. s. on L. 14, R. 5, the lot west of Zimri Bowen's. Had eight children recorded. Removed to Mount Holly, Vt., 1790. SABEN. Israel Saben, from Uxbridge, b. in Rehobath, Sept. 14, 1749, '^- Beulah Albee, who was b. Sept. 26, 1749. ^^ came to town about 1783 ; lived a short time near Martin's mills, and then he bought L. 20, R. ID, the place north of the Elias Taylor farm; built on the same a large two-story house, now gone. His son Alfred lived with him. He d. about 1827 ; she d. about 1826. Had thirteen children, viz. : Timothy, b. March 12, 1771, d. young; Chloe, b. Oct. 19, 1772, m. Simeon Thayer, jr.; Alfred, b. Jan. 15, 1775 ; Lydia, b. Sept. 25, 1776, m. Jonathan Martin; Darling, b. Sept. 14, 1778 ; Mary, b. Nov. 18, 1780, m. Robert Martin ; Moses, b. Aug. 24, 1782, removed to Newfane, Vt. ; Elizabeth, b. April 4, 1784, m. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 479 Robert Swan; Beulah,b. Juneii, 1786, joined the Mormons ; Lucy, b. April 4, 1788, m. Caleb Curtis ; Israel, b. May 5, 1790, removed to Uxbridge ; Bene- dict, b. May 6, 1792, removed to Winchester; Amy, d. young. Alfred Saben — Israel — m. Zerviah Thayer, dr. of Dea. Simeon, Dec. 9, 1798. He settled on L. 20, R. 10, with his father, and was by trade a hatter. He d. May 9, 1845 ; she d. Aug. 8, 1851. Children : Timothy, b. Aug. 30, 1800, m. Polly, dr. of Stephen Randall, d. July 19, 1878; Benjamin, b. Aug. i, 1802, 1st m. Almira Perrin, 2d m. Amy A. Hawkins, d. Jan. 25, 1870; Daniel, b. Sept. 2, 1804, m. Al- mina E., dr. of Maj. John Cass, d. Oct. 6, 1852 ; Bet- sey, b. Sept. 28, 1806, m. Alvin Scott, d. Aug. 18, 1869; Augustus, b. Oct. 27, 1809, m. Augusta, dr. of Daniel Temple, d. Jan. 12, 1842 ; Louisa, b. Feb. 3, 1812, d. Dec. 24, 1824 ; Simeon T., b. Jan. 16, 1815. Simeon Saben — Alfred — Israel — m. Sarah, dr. of John Starkey, April, 1840. Blacksmith. No chil- dren. He lives in Gowanda, Cattaugus Co., N. Y. Darling Saben — Israel — ist m. Phebe Mowry ; 2d m., Dec. 5, 1817, Hannah Shearman, dr. of Seth. Removed from Uxbridge, 1801 ; lived at Martin's mills from 1807 to 1813, when he removed to Win- chester. Had by Phebe : Mowry, b. Nov. 24, 1801 ; Lucy, b. Nov. 13, 1803, m. Levi Wheeler; Sarah, b. Oct. 20, 1806, d. July I, 1832 ; Huldah, b. May 21, 1809, d. Oct. 14, 1838; Israel, b. Sept. i, 1811, d. April 12, 1839; Ruth,b. April 13, 1814, d. April 24, 1815. By Hannah had: Isaac, b. Dec. 30, 1818. Darling d. Sept. 23, 1822, aged 44; Phebe, his wife, d. Aug. 9, 1815, aged 35 ; Hannah d. Jan. 10, 1852. 480 HISTORY OF THE Benedict Saben — Israel — m. Hannah Twitchell, of Winchester, March 29, 1818. He settled in Win- chester, near where his son, Daniel T. Saben, now resides. He d. Jan. 30, 1868; she d. Nov. 26, 1881. SALISBURY. William Salisbury was f. s. on L. 2, R. 4, the place since occupied by Otis Whipple, Russell Bal- lou, and Jedediah Buffum, and now owned by Dennis Harkness. SCOTT. John Scott was f. s. on L. 18, R. i ; ist m. ; 2d m. Joanna Brown, Nov. i, 1773; 3d m. Chloe Daniels, Jan. 6, 1805. The place of his settlement is now owned and occupied by Dexter Warren. Had by his first wife : Mary, b. 1758, m. Moses Tyler, Esq.; John; Lemuel, b. Feb. 24, 1763, first white male child b. in Richmond; Luke; Susanna, m. Timothy Martin ; Jonathan. Record of the Scott family very imperfect. Lemuel Scott — John — m., Nov. 7, 1788, Abi- gail, dr. of Jonathan Cook ; lived on his father's place. He d. July 2, 1843, aged 80. Had Rachel, b. March 5, 1790; Lurana, b. Dec. 30, 1792; Lemuel, b. Oct. 24, 1794; John, b. March 16, 1797; Abigail, b. Feb. 21, 1801, m. Dr. Darius Garnsey; Alvan, b. Nov. 2, 1804. John Scott — John — m. Freelove . Had Mary, b. Sept. 3, 1784; Jonathan Boyden, b. Jan. 5' 1787 ; James Harvey, b. July 2, 1788. Luke Scott — John — m., Nov. 30, 1786, Chloe Darling ; lived on the Calvin White place. Had Joanna, b. March 18, 1788. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 48 1 Jonathan Scott — John — m., April 5, 1807, Sally, dr. of Nathaniel Belles. John Scott — Lemuel — John — ist m., Nov. 23, 1817, Mary, dr. of Cyrel Garnsey; 2d m. Laura Wright, of Swansey. Lived on the Deacon Amos Garnsey place, and from thence removed to the Grindall Thayer farm. He d. Aug. 13, 1867 ; Mary d. Sept. 21, 1837. By Mary had Lurana, m. Capt. David BufFum; John G., d. 1865; Mary Ann, m. Henry Starkey, jr., d. Oct., 1865. By Laura had Ellen C, m. William R. Hunt: Charles W., m. Mary E. Morse; Walter, d. 1864; Jane, d. Aug. 3, 1861, aged 17. Laura, his wife, d. July 28, t865, aged 59. Lemuel Scott — Lemuel — John — m., Dec. 2, 1819, Rachel, dr. of Cyrel Garnsey ; lived on his father's place. He d. ; she d. Had Elvira, m. Elihu Field, lives in Iowa; Lemuel, Sarah A., never, m. ; Alonzo, m. Lucy Jennings. Alvan Scott — Lemuel — John — m. Betsey, dr. of Alfred Saben, Dec. 24, 1826. His place was in the territory set off to Winchester, 1850. Had Louisa, b. Aug. 8, 1828, d. April 19, 1854; Oscar A., b. Nov. 2, 1830; Alzina E., b. Nov. 25, 1832; Arvilla A., b. March 15, 1836, d. Dec. 16, 1867; Warren W., b. Dec. 14, 1838, d. Dec. lO; 1855 ; Jennie J., b. Sept. 18, 1840, d. Nov. 11, 1872; Henry A., b. Dec. 8, 1843. Alvan d. Dec. 23, 1873; Betsey d. Aug. 18, 1869. John G. Scott — John — Lemuel — John — m., April 25, 1848, Eliza Ann, dr. of Calvin Bryant. He removed to Warwick, and afterwards went to 3" 482 HISTORY OF THE Winchester. Had Edgar, George, Arthur, Alice, and Ellen. He d. Jan., 1865, and she 2d m. Fos- ter, of Keene. Lemuel Scott — Lemuel — Lemuel — John — m. Phebe Mallard, of Warwick ; removed to Warwick, and there kept a store. He died Sept. 29, 1858, aged 33. SHAFTER. James Shafter lived in the north-west part of the town. The family removed to Athens, Vt. One of his sons was a judge of one of the Vermont courts. Had James, Prudence, m. Jeremiah Barrus; Mary, m. Alles Thayer. SMEAD. Josef h B. Smead, from Swansey, m., Nov. 16, 1842, Malvina, dr. of Simeon Cook; is a machinist, and resides in Fitchburg. SMITH. Holiab Smith m., Aug. 25, 1766, Lydia Ballou, of Gloucester, R. L, was f. s. on part of the farm after- wards owned by Jesse Ballou. Abiel L. Smith m. a davighter of Lemuel Taylor; was a blacksmith at the Four corners, 1833 to 1835. Benjamin M. Smith, from near Concord, N. H., 1862, bought the Seth Curtis farm. He lived there until his death, Jan. 4, 187 1. His family removed to Hinsdale. SNOW. Ivory Snow settled on L. 3, R. 9, the place after- wards owned by Jos. Holbrook; removed from town about 1790. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 483 SOUTHWICK. Enoch Southwick m., 1778, Mary Sweet. He re- moved from Berlin, 1801 ; bought the Samuel Car- penter farm, L. 14, R. 7, where he lived until 1814, when he removed to the Holland purchase, Colden, Erie Co., N. Y. Had Cynthia, b. June 17, 1779, m. John Bolles ; Nancy, b. Aug., 1780, m. Hosea Eddy; Betsey, b. Feb. 20, 1782, d. Oct. 7, 1851, m. George Harkness ; had also Abigail, Jesse, Stephen, Hannah, Mary, Amy, Elizabeth, Enoch, Huldah, and Watson. Edmond B. Southwick, son of David Southwick, jr., of Berlin. He removed from Melrose, and bought the Dr. Parkhurst place, 1872, where he now resides; m. Abigail Green, of Stoneham, Oct. 12, 1843. Had Abbie Jane, b. March 12, 1844; Elmira, E., b. Jan. 13, 1846: Mary C, b. July 21, 1847; Cynthia A., b. Oct. 8, 1849. Jacob Southwick, probably an elder brother of Enoch, lived in the Ballou neighborhood about 1789. SPAULDING. Daniel R. Spaulding, from Fitzwilliam, 1854, bought the old corner-store at the Four corners, and, in 1856, purchased the Quaker grounds adjoining, except the meeting-house and burial-ground ; con- tinued in trade until 1867, when he sold out the store business to Bryant & Wright, and removed to Fitz- william, 1869, and there d., 1874. ^^ ™*' Oct. 17, i860, Mary E., dr. of Noah Adams, of Winchester. Had no children. His widow survives him, and lives in Fitzwilliam, and owns the store property at the Four corners. 484 HISTORY OF THE SPENCER. Elisha spencer m. Barbara, dr. of Isquire Whipple, jr. ; lived north of the Rufus Whipple place. Had three children d. in infancy. He d. March $, 1854, and she 2d m. Lewis G. Rich. SPRAGUE. Ohediah Sfrague, b. in Providence, Aug. 22, 1770, 1st m. Betsey, b. 1764, dr. of Gideon Man, April 10, 1794 ; lived on the place now owned by his grandson, Hiram P. Sprague, in a house now gone, which was on the corner, where the old cellar-hole marks the spot. The farm was formerly known as the Cumstock place. His wife Betsey d. April 17, 1815. He 2d m. widow Anna Goddard, sister of Thomas Mallard, of Warwick. He d. 1858, aged 88 ; Anna d. March 2, 1848. Had by Betsey : Enoch and Hannah, b. Sept. 18, 1795, Hannah d. Aug. 17, 1813 ; Samuel, b. Nov. 22, 1797 ; Sarah, b. Feb. 24, 1799; Mercey, b. April 9, 1801, d. Sept. 4, 1805; Mercey, b. March 15, 1805, m. Orace Cass. By Anna had Nathaniel, b. Sept. 26, 181 7, lives in Taunton; Obediah, b. April 19, 1819, d. Aug. 4, 1826. Enoch Sfrague — Obediah — ist m. Alathear, dr. of Isquire Davis, of Royalston ; 2d m. Rebecca Williams, of Swansey, May 4, 1848. He lived in the house now occupied by Hiram. He d. Nov. 28, 1864 ; Alathear d. March 4, 1847 ; Rebecca d. April 26, 1872. Had Hannah, b. April 28, 1820, m. Jacob B. Perry, d. 1878; Prudence A., b. Nov. i, 1821, m. Lysander Perry, ,d. 1866; Enoch D., b. July 15, 1823; Hiram P., b. Jan. i, 1826; Asahel TOWN OF RICHMOND. 485 G., b. Oct. 12, 1830; Alathear M., b. Dec. 17, 1834, ™- Ezekiel Nelson, jr. Samuel Sfrague — Obediah — m. Melinda,'dr. of Benjamin Kingman, of Winchester, Dec, 1822; lived on the place now occupied by Lysander Bal- lon ; removed to Winchester, 185-. He d. Sept. 28, 1881 ; she d. Had Leander, b. June 4, 1824 ; Obediah, b. May 21, 1826; S. Angela, b. Jan. 25, 1830, m. Darling S. Swan; M.Juliette, b. Oct. 11, 1832, 1st m. George B. Kelton, 2d m. J. W. Her- rick; S. Henry, b. March 2, 1841, d. in the late war, Aug. 18, 1863. Enoch D. Sfrague — Enoch — Obediah — 1st m., March 27, 1849, Emily A. Chase, of Warwick; 2d m. widow Valeria M. Harris, Feb. 2, 1876. Emily d. 1864. He lives on the Thomas Goddard farm, the place first settled by David Cass. The original house is still standing, but not in very good repair. Had by Emily : Alathear, b. Jan. i, 1850; Edward A., b. July 27, 1851, d. 1874; George L., b. June 2, 1853 ; Linda M., b. Nov. 8, 1858 ; Maverette, b. Oct., i860; Almira, b. Sept. 25, 1862, d. 1864. Hiram P. Sfrague — Enoch — Obediah — ist m., March 31, 1853, Fanny C, dr. of John Colburn ; she d. Dec. 2, 1865 ; 2d m. Melinda, dr. of Edward Goddard, Jan. 31, 1867. Had by Fanny : Abbie J., b. Aug. II, 1854; Frank H., b. Oct. 4, 1862. By Melinda had William G., b. Jan. 24, 1870; Annetta, b. Oct. 17, 1873 ; Joseph L., b. Jan. 3, 1882. Asahel G. Sfrague — Enoch — Obediah — m., Jan. 19, 1882, Mattie Capron. He is a machinist, and lives in Keene. 486 HISTORY OF THE Leander Sfrague — Samuel — Obediah — m. Eliza- beth Wilson ; is a merchant in Fitchburg ; is one of the more wealthy and influential men of the city ; has been honored with various municipal offices, and has been representative to the General Court. Obediah S^rague — Samuel — Obediah — is a manufacturer of woolen goods, and lives in West Swansey ; is considered a very enterprising and suc- cessful business man. He was m. a few years ago. 'John Sfrague was the f. s., 1767, on L. 9, R. 2, the Handy farm, now owned by George M. Bowen. STARKEY. Josef h Starkey, brother of Peter, John, Benjamin, and Enoch, came from Attleborough about 1776. He m. Waitstill Morse, and was f. s. on L. 18, R. 2, the lot next north of Reuben Randall's. Removed, about 1805, to the place formerly owned by Silas Aldrich. His brother Benjamin, who was unmarried, lived with him. Had six children, viz. : Martha, b. March 13, 1779, m. Joseph Clark Davenport; Esther, b. June 3, 1783, 1st m. Elijah Davenport, 2d m. Nahum Al- drich ; Waitstill, b. Jan. 17, 1787, m. Noah Aldrich ; Joseph, b. Sept. 27, 1790; Henry, b. Sept. i, 1795 ; Betsey, b. May, 1803, m. William Woodward. yose;ph Starkey, jr. — Joseph — m., Feb. 20, 1812, Lydia, dr. of Levi Aldrich. He lived with his father on the Silas Aldrich place. Removed to Penn., 1845. Had five children, viz. : Lucy, Edwin, Levi, Sylvanus, and Henry. Col. Henry Starkey — Joseph — m., Feb. 17, 1818, Lucy Woodwai'd, dr. of Isaac,. of Swansey. His TOWN OF RICHMOND. 487 place, while a resident of Richmond, was L. 22, R. 4, first settled by George Cook, since occupied by David Martin, Nahum Cass, and others. He re- moved to Swansey, 1840, where he still resides, aged 88. Had six children, viz.; John W., b. Dec. 18, 1818, d, Jan. 25, 1876; Alvin, b. Dec. 27, 1821, d. June 27, 1882; Henry, b. Jan. 27, 1824; Joseph, b. June 28, 1826, d. Feb. 15, 1865 ; Lucy, b. April 17, 1829, m. Cyrenus Taft; William W., b. Dec. 12, 1839. John W. Starkey — Henry '■ — Joseph — m. Diancy, dr. of Calvin Bryant. Was proprietor of City Hotel, in Keene. Had Mary E., b. April 28, 1844; Emma L., b. May 21, 1850. * Alvin Starkey — Henry — Joseph — ist m. Ma^ rinda, dr. of Jacob Sweet ; she d. 1846. Was a dealer in staves and shooks. Had Emma M., Marinda, d. 2d m. Caroline BufFum, 1848. Removed to Buffalo, N. Y. Henry Starkey, jr. — Henry — Joseph — m., Nov. 16, 1848, Mary Ann, dr. of John Scott. Had Frank H.', b. Feb. 8, 1850; Ella M., b. May, 1852 ; Myrtie B., b. Nov., 1863. Joseph Starkey — Henry — Joseph — m. Fanny, dr. of Joseph Buffum. Had Lucy F., b. Oct. 22, 184S ; Henry M., b. Dec. 27, 1846; Angelia M., b. March 3, 1849 ; Juliette M., b. Oct. 23, 1850; Geor- giana, b. Aug. 31, 1852; Joseph L., b. Oct. 17, 1854 '■> James B., b. May 23, 1857. She d. March 24, i860. John Starkey, son of Peter, who was son of Peter, the brother of Joseph, from Attleboro', m., Aug. 20, 488 HISTORY OF THE 1812, Sarah, dr. of John Cass, jr. Removed from Troy, 1823. He lived on the John Cass farm, now owned by Asa H. Bullock; 2d m. widow Adaline Cheney, April 16, 1854. He d. April 8, 1869, aged 80; Sarah d. Sept. 16, 1852, aged 62. Had by Sarah, Mary Ann, b. March 30, 1813, d. Feb. 8, 1836 ; Orrin, b. June 15, 1814 ; Otis, b. Oct. 26, 1815, d. Feb. 8, i83'6 ; Edson, b. July 22, 1817 ; Sarah Ann, b. Nov. 18, 1818, m. Simeon Saben ; Lydia, b. Oct. II, 1821, m. Sanford Garnsey ; Keziah, b. April 3, 1823 ; John, b. May 20, 1825 ; Calvin, b. May 29, 1827 ; Andrew J., b. July 4, 1829. Orrin Starkey — John — igt m. Asenath C, dr. of Luke Harris. She d. Aug. 23, 1843, aged 21 ; 2d m. Nov. 3, 1844, Sarah O. Stoddard, of Chesterfield. She was b. Sept. 5, 1818. Had by Asenath: Orrin M., b. Aug. 23, 1843, d. Sept. 1843. Had by Sarah O. : Edward H., b. Feb. 14, 1846, d. Nov. 18, 1849; Ella R., b. Sept. 22, 1848; Addie M.,b. Jan. 10, 1851 ; Ida L., b. Aug. 17, 1854 ? Charlie W., b. July 27, 1858. Addie m. Albert W. Metcalf, and Ida m. Edwin R. Jerould. Mr. Starkey is a carpenter, and lives in Keene. Edson Starkey — John — m., Jan. 23, 1840, Si- lence, dr. of Levi Randall. Lives on the James Buf- fum place, and is by trade a carpenter. Had Lyman R., b. March 13, 1840; Marion, b. July 16, 1843, m. Julius M. Whipple; Edson O., b. July 22, 1846; Sarah, b. May 20, 1850, m. Almon Twitchell. yohn Starkey, jr. — John — m., April 28, 1853, Clara M., dr. of Abner Barden. Was a carpenter; enlisted in Company F, 6th Reg. N. H. volunteers. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 489 and died Aug. 29, 1862, of a wound received in the service. Had two children, viz. : Emma J., b. Aug. 21, 1855, m. Danford W. Martin; Flora L., b. Aug. 4, 1861, d. Andre-w J. Starkey — ^^John — m. Mary Brigham, of Templeton ; lived on the Corey place a while, and kept all of the town's poor. Had James, d. ; Otis, John, Willie, and Lydia. He and his wife are both dead. Lyman Starkey, son of Edson, m. Mary E., dr. of Ebenezer Swan ; lives in Fitchburg ; has three chil- dren. Edson O. Starkey, son of Edson, m. Nancy, dr. of Ebenezer Swan ; lives on the Levin Aldrich farm. No children. Samuel Starkey — Samuel — Enoch — of Troy, m., March 20, 181 1, Thankful, dr. of Nathaniel BoUes. Had eleven children, one of whom, Emily, b. May 29, 1817, m. Benjamin Bolles, and is still living in town. He d. April 30, 1865, aged 78; she d. June 25, 1872, aged 82. STREETER. Josej)h Streeter bought of Caleb Arnold the farm known as the Bisbee place, 1777, now owned by Abner S. Barden. No record of family. He re- moved from town about 1805. Ezekiel Streeter m., Aug. 27, 1803, Urania, dr. of Silas Ballou ; lived at various places in town. Had Levi, b. July 10, 1804; Hannah, b. Dec. 21, 1805, m. Ephraim Bennett; and Lucian. 49° HISTORY OF THE Barzillai Streeter, b. in England, came to Cam- bridge in 1640, from thence to Cumberland, thence to Chesterfield, and thence to Richmond, and finally- removed to Swansey. Remained in town a short time. He was the father of Rev. Sebastian and Rev. Russell Streeter. ST. CLAIR. Col. Winthrop St. Clair, from Concord, N. H., about 1864, bought the Capt. Oliver Capron farm. Had Winthrop, Charles, and Frank P. The family live in Winchester. He d. June 15, 1874, aged 72. STODDARD. Elijah Stoddard was f. s. on L. 14, R. 10. The place was on a road long since discontinued, running from the road near the Levi Randall place west- wardly to near the old Holbrook house. Saul Job, and some others, lived there afterwards. Had five children. SWAN. Dr. Ebenezer Swan, from Attleboro', i776j m., Feb. 15, 1778, Tamasin, dr. of James Ballou. He bought of Benjamin White, 1785, L. 14, R. 6. The place has remained in the family name until quite recently. He d. March 18, 1820, aged 70 ; she d. Jan. 31, 1842, aged 82. Had eight children, viz. : Ebenezer, b. July 19, 1779; Robert, b. Nov. 29, 1781 ; Tamasin, m. Jonathan Cass ; James, b. April 8, 1785, d. ; Mary, b. Sept. 9, 1788, m. Jonah Walker; Lois, m. Ellis Thayer; Nancy, b. Feb. 20,. 1795, m. Abner Barden ; Hannah, b. 1797, m. Stephen BufFum ; Ballou, b. Nov. 20, 1799. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 49 1 Major Ebenezer Swan — -Ebenezer — m., Sept. i6j 1798, Esther, dr. of Daniel Man ; lived on the Asa Man, place until about 1820, when he removed to the old homestead. He d. of apoplexy, while attending services at the Universalist church, Oct. 18, 1840*, she d. Aug. 12, 1848. Had Annie, b. 'Jan. 26, 1799; Esther, b. April 20, 1801 ; James, b. March 3, 1803; Ebenezer, b. July i, 1809; Obe- diah S. ; Joseph, b. Dec. 11, 1815 ; Daniel, lives in Boston. Robert Swan — Ebenezer — m., Dec. 27, 1802, Elizabeth, dr. of Israel Saben ; lived on the Royal Aldrich farm, and thence removed to the Thomas Crane place, and finally removed to Winchester, 1838. He d. Feb. 9, 1861, aged 80; she d. July 23, 1846, aged 62. Had nine children, viz. : Robert, b. 1803 ; Ebenezer, b. 1807 ; Elizabeth, b. Feb. 22, 1805, m. Henry Rice; Ambrose, b. 1808: Almerine, b. Nov. 29, 1810, m. Elon C apron ; Denzel, b. 1815, d. Sept. .15, 1837, aged 21 ; Henry, b. 1819 ; Amy, b. April I, 1817, m. Asa Bullock; Darling S., b. 1825. He 2d m. Zerviah, widow of Alfred Saben, who d. Aug. 8, 1857, aged 81. Ballou Swan — Ebenezer — m., Sept. 21, 1817, Lucy, dr. of Robert Bufl^um ; lived on the Asa Man place; removed to the Four corners, 1833, and thence to Townsend, Vt., where he still resides. L,ucy d. Dec. 9, 1854, ^g^^ 55- ^'^^ Elliot, b. March 9, 1819 ; Fisk, b. 1821, d. Nov. 13, 1837; infant, d. ; Fiducia, b. 1825, m. L. H. Horton, d. Nov. 17, i860; Rocepha, b. 1831, m. E. Hubbard, d.. Nov. 23, 1854; Betsey A., b. March 19, 1835 ; Frank F., b. Feb. 8, 1841. 492 HISTORY OF THE James Swan — Ebenezer — Ebenezer — m., Nov. 15, 1829, Alvira, dr. of Robert Martin; lived on the Dillinghaln place. Had five children, viz. : Esther, b. Aug. 7, 1837, m. A. H. Atherton ; Lucy, b. Feb. I, 1842, d. Aug. 4, 1861 ; three others d. young. He d. Dec. 6, 1879; she d. Sept. 30, 1867. Ebenezer Swan — Ebenezer — Ebenezer — ist m. Mary, dr. of Robert Martin ; lived on the old home- stead. Had by Mary: Mary E., b. Feb. 12, 1840, m. Lyman Starkey ; Melissa J., b. "April 23, 1842, m. Jerahmeel Allen ; Nancy A., b. July 24, 1847, m. Edson Starkey, jr. He d. Dec. 23, 1874 ; she d. June 24, 1866. He 2d m., March 28, 1867, Roxana, dr. of Geo. Martin, jr. By Roxana had Ebenezer, b. June 7, 1867. Joseph Swan — Ebenezer — Ebenezer — m. Irene, dr. of Richard Weeks ; lives on the west part of L. 15, R. 4, first settled by Jonathan Cass. Had Lydia M., b. March 20, 1840, m. Charles H. Wheeler, son of Jesse G. Wheeler, who was b. July, 1838, d. April IS, 1865. Obediah S. Swan — Ebenezer — Ebenezer — m . Randilla, dr. of Richard Weeks ; lived on the David Russell place ; removed about 1867 to the Gideon Man place, at the Four corners. Had no children. She d. Jan. 6, 1875. Robert Swan — Robert — Ebenezer — m. , April 19, 1829, Vienna, dr. of Levin Aldrich ; removed to Winchester, and there d. Dec. 20, 1836. Ebenezer Swan — Robert — Ebenezer — m., Jan. IS' 1835, Loanza, dr. of Luke Harris; lived on the TOWN OF RICHMOND. 493 Crane place ; thence removed to the Stephen BufFum farm, and finally went to Winchester. Had by Loanza : Loanza, b. April 25, 1837; Susanna, b. Jan. 15, 1839, d- 1859; Elizabeth, b. May 18, 1841 ; Asenath, b. Dec. i, 1843. He 2d m. Hannah, dr. of Townsend Parker, Nov. 11, 1852. Had by Han- nah: Robert and Lydia. He d. Nov., 1882, aged 76; Loanza, his wife, d. Oct. 3, 1851, aged 42. Ambrose Swan — Robert — Ebenezer — m. Irene, dr. of Alpheus Capron ; removed to Winchester. He d. May 10, 1874, aged 66 ; she d. Oct. 29, 1869, agsd 57. Had Ambrose W., Catherine, Marian, Julia A., and Denzel. Henry B. Swan — Robert — Ebenezer — ist m. , Nov. 8, 1846, Dulcena, dr. of Daniel Twitchell. She d. April 23, 1848; 2d m. Eliza A. Howard. He is a dealer in palm-leaf in Winchester. Had Fred. H., b. Feb. 2, 1852; Ida M., b. 1855; Dora E., b. 1859; Jennie F., b. 1861 ; Charles, d. 1884; Myrtie; Willie H., b. Oct., 1868. Darling S. Swan — Robert — Ebenezer — m., Jan. 3, 1850, S. Angela, dr. of Samuel Sprague ; lives in Winchester. Had Ella M., b. June 29, 1852, m. A. M. Burbank; Etta A., b. May 2, 1858, m. J. P. Felch; Henry E., b. Jan. 15, 1868. Elliot Swan — Ballou — Ebenezer — went to Wor- cester, Mass., about 1840, and was employed by Genery Twitchell in driving the stage from Worces- ter to Brattleboro'. He continued in the business until the route was given up. He afterwards kept a hotel in Worcester ten years or more, and then retired to a farm situated near the new lunatic asylum. He 494 HISTORY OF THE m. Miss Thompson, of New Salem, and has two daughters, both m. ; one lives in Colorado, and the other in Worcester. SWEET. yonathan Sweet, probably from Smithfield, 1762, m. Amy, dr. of James Brown ; was f. s. on L. 9, R. 3, the place now occupied by Joseph Whitcomb. He built the house still standing on the premises. Had Anthony, b. Oct. 10, 1756; Lydia, b. Nov. 20, 1758, m. Daniel Cass, jr. ; Richard, b. March 9, 1761 ; Jonathan, b. Feb. 8, 1763 ; Amy, b. Nov. 8, 1766, m. Mordica Cass; Elizabeth, b. April 13, 1769, m. John Harkness ; Mary, b. April 13, 1769, twin sister to Elizabeth, m. Peter Starkey ; Abigail, b. Jan. 17, 1772, m. William Boorn ; Hannah, m. Barnard Swift. He d. Sept., 1794. Anthony Sweet — Jonathan — m., Nov. 22, 1780, Elizabeth, dr. of Paul Handy; was f. s. op L. 11, R. I, known as the Jacob Whitcomb place,, and now owned by Sidney B. Bowen. Had Phillis, b. June 28, 1783, 1st m. Alpheus Grant, 2d m. Jacob Whit- comb. He, d. 1822. Richard Sweet — Jonathan — m. , Nov. 30, 1 786, Lovina, dr. of Jacob Bump. Had Dinah, b. April 12, 1787, d. Oct. 13, 1795 ; Jacob, b. Jan. 25, 1789. He d. about 1804. His widow 2d m. Nathan Bowen, sr. Jonathan Sweet — Jonathan — m., June 6, 1784, Jerusha Jillson, probably a daughter of Captain Stephen ; lived on his father's place. He d. 1814 ; she d. 1823. Had Jacob, b. March i, 1786; James, b. Feb. II, 1788; Jonathan, b. Nov. 20, 1789; Zil- TOWN OF RICHMOND. 495 pah, b. April i, 1792, m. Paul Jillson ; Richard, b. Feb. 16, 1794; Benjamin, b. Feb. 27, 1796; Mary, b. Feb. 13, 1798; Anthony, b. April 26, 1800; Ste- phen, b. Aug. I, 1802; George, b. Jan. i, 1805; Silas, b. July 5, 1807 ; Hannah, b. June 7, 1813, m. Ferdinand Whipple. Most of the children went to Rhode Island. Caft. Jacob Sweet — Jonathan — Jonathan — i st m.,Jan. 29, 1809, Hannah, dr. of William Weeks ; lived where John L. Carpenter now resides ; 2d m. Lovisa, dr. of Capt. Dan. Whipple, Jan. 19, 1834. ^^ removed to Winchester,- and there d. ; Hannah d. Jan. 20, 1833, aged 43 ; Lovisa d. March 12, 1862. Had by Hannah : Diancy, b; Feb. 28, 1810, m. Newton Man; James, b. April 19, 1813 ; Polly, b. July 10, 1815, m. Ebenezer Barrus ; Martha Marilla, b. May 16, 1820; Marinda, b. Nov. 10, 1821, m. Alvin Starkey; Betsey, b. March 11, 1823, m. Ebenezer Barrus. Betsey is the only one now living. yames Sweet — Jacob — Jonathan — Jonathan — m. Mary Ann Shepherd, of Warwick and grand- daughter of Caleb Weeks. Had one son, who lives in Granby, Ct. He survived his wife some years, and finally d. with his son in Granby. He was en- gaged in the livery business in Worcester, Hartford, and other places. ' SWEETZER. Philif Sweetzer. Kept store, about 18 10, at the Crooker place. SWIFT. Samuel Swift m. Chloe ; lived east of Jesse Ballou's. He d. 1797. Had David, Barnabas, 496 HISTORY OF THE Samuel, Levi, Calvin, Luther, Rose, Dolly, Abigail, and Chloe. Samuel Swift, jr., m. Anna Wing, i799' TAFT. Silas Ta/t, son of Stephen and Mary Taft, b. June 10, 1744, 1st m. Farnum, 2d m. Twitchell. He came from Uxbridge, 1776, and purchased L. 12, R. 10, a lot that had been occupied by Joseph Monroe. This farm is known as the Peleg Taft place. The build- ings are now gone, and the land is used for pasture and growing wood. He d. about 181 1. Children by first wife : Ephraim, Moses, Levi, Preserved, Dari- us, Rachel, Peleg. Efhraim Taft — Silas — ist m. Abigail Brown, 2d m. widow Sarah Taft, of Swansey, March 12, 1807. He settled on L. 20, R. 9, the one next north of Jo. Buffum's place, where Benjamin Newell once lived. He removed to Winchester about 1800. Children : David, b. March 9, 1776, d. Sept. 15, 1777 ; Brown, b. Aug. 2, 1778; Hannah, b. April 3, 1781 ; Rufus, b. Nov. ID, 1783, m. Catherine Newell, dr. of Joseph, March 10, 1807 ; Zadoc, b. Sept. 12, 1786 ; Ephraim, b. Feb. II, 1789, d. June 7, 1789; Abigail, b. Oct. II, 1790, d. Jan. 29, 1792 ; George, b. Dec. 4, 1786. Moses Taft — Silas — m. Anna Cook, Nov. 13, 1777. Children: Moses, b. March 6, 1778; Silas, b. June 28, 1779. Preserved Taft — Silas — m. Anna Benson, Jan. 9, 1800. Darius Taft — Silas — m. Sarah Ingalls, dr. of Edmond, May 4, 1785. He lived on part of the TOWN OF RICHMOND. 497 David Holbrook place a few years, but died at his father's. Peleg Taft — Silas — m. Susanna Man, dr. of Abraham, Nov. 5, 1788. He was b. in Uxbridge, April 19, 1769, and d. in Richmond, Feb. 10, 1855, aged 85 years ; she wash. Dec. 18, 1768, d. Jan. 20, 1 85 5-, aged 87 years. He lived on his father's place. Had four children : Mary, b. June 10, 1789, m. Uriah Jillson, of Cumberland; Lucy, b. Nov. 12, 1790, d. Nov. 8, 1820, unmarried ; Susanna, b. Jan. 20, 1794, m. Nathan Jillson, of Cumberland ; Peleg, b. July 30, I79S- Peleg Taft, jr. — Peleg — Silas — m. Polly Potter Cass, dr. of Major John Cass, Jan. i, 1822. He re- sided on the old homestead at first, afterwards he bought the Zimri Ingalls place, where he lived a few years ; from thence he removed, with his son-in-law, Amos G. Bennett, to the Four corners, and finally wenttoWest Swansey, 1879. Had two children, viz. : Cyrenus, b. Aug. 19, 1823 ; Almina Clarissa, b. Jan. 22, 1828, m. Amos G. Bennett. Cyrenus Taft, son of Peleg, jr., m. Lucy A. Star- key, dr. of Col. Henry. Had Walton H. , b. Sept. 26, 1857, now in business in Michigan, and a daughter who died in infancy. Cyrenus was instantly killed by the falling limb of a tree, Feb. 5, 1864. Brown Taft — Ephraim — Silas — m. Urania Al- drich, Jan. 29, 1799. Children : Ephraim, Brown S. B., and Harrison. Brown S. B. Taft ist m., 1848, Ruth, dr. of Cyrus Bassett. He lived with Jacob Boyce on the Benson place. She d. June 6, 1850, aged 39; 2d m. widow of James M. Harris, and has removed to Swansey. 3a 498 HISTORY OF THE Efhraim Taft, son of Brown, m. Mary, dr. of Al- pheus Grant. Had Ephraim, b. 1830, d. Aug. 28, 1853, aged 23.' Harrison Taft, son of Brown, m. Lois, dr. of Jesse Bishop. Removed to Swansey. Had several chil- dren. No record. Josef h N. Taft — Rufus — Ephraim — Silas — came into town about 1844. Bought the old Jonathan Thurber place. He removed the old house built for a hotel, and erected the new house now on the prem- ises. He removed to Minnesota, and there died. E-phraim F. Taft, son of Rufus, of Winchester, m. Juda Ann, dr. of Moses Tyler. Lives in Keene. Has four children, viz. : Loren F., Warren, Abbie, and Maud. Zadoc Taft — Ephraim — Silas — removed from Swansey to the farm formerly occupied by William Woodward, 1847. Was a blacksmith. Had one dr. iiouisa, lives in Keene. He d. Aug. 15, 1867, aged 80; she d. April 12, 1867, aged 81. Nathaniel Taft, a cousin of Silas Taft, came from Uxbridge and settled on L. 13, R. 6, the place now owned by David B. Aldrich. He built the house now standing on the premises, 1788. ist m. Hannah Cass, dr. of Daniel, by whom he had six children : Daniel, b. Dec. 21, 1768; David, b. Aug. 3, 1770; Nathaniel, b. April 18, 1772; Hannah, b. March 3, 1774, d. May 28, 1781 ; Sarah, b. Feb. 4, 1779, m. Caleb Weeks; Marcy, b. April 18, 1781. 2d ra. _Pecey Randall, July 26, 1790, by whom he had four children : Mary, m. Royal Ormsby ; Stephen, b. May TOWN OF RICHMOND. 499 10, 1792, m. Vienna Harris, Sept. 17, 1815 ; Lydia ; Rufus, b. Oct. 20, 1797. He d. 1820. TAYLOR. Elias Taylor, son of Ebenezer Taylor, of Winches- ter, b. 1778, m., Feb. 13, 1805, Lydia, dr. of George BufFum ; lived on the farm settled by Nehemiah Thayer, L. 19, R. 10, the place now owned by Mrs. Sarah D. Ballou. He d. July 25, 1862, aged 84 ; , she d. Sept. 6, 1853, aged 73 years. Had Jedediah B., b. May 14, 1805, killed while felling a tree, Feb. 16, 1826 ; Gporge, b. May 9, 1807 ; Wins- low, b. May 24, 1809,; Candace and Caroline, b. Oct. 14, 1812; Ebenezer, b. Oct. 4, 1814, died in Troy, N. Y., 1875 ; Deliverance, b. Oct. 19, 1816, m. Cal- vin Coombs; she d. Feb. 26, 1876; Martin, b. May 4, 1818, lives in Richmond, Minn.; Sumner P., b. Oct. 4, 1820; Lucius, b. May i, 1822, d. April 8, 1874; Calvin, b. June 22, 1826. George Taylor — Elias — m., Nov. 15, 1832, Lu- rana Harris of Swansey ; lives on the Jeremiah Thayer farm, L. 18, R. 10. Had George H., b. Sept. 30, 1836 ; Lydia E., b. March 23, 1838, d. Sept. 6, 1853 ; Francis M., b. July 27, 1840; Loren L., b. Jan. 24, 1843 ; Jennie C.,b. Feb. 25, 1845 ; Emma L., b. May 28, 1847, d. Aug. 8, 1864; Charles E., b. March 30, 1850; Maria L., b. May 31, 1852; Charles W., b. April 2, 1858. Charles E. and Maria L. were killed by a falling cart-body, Sept. i, 1856. Winslow Taylor — Elias — m. Mary, dr. of Jerah- meel Allen, Oct. 15, 1838. Had William and Orrin. He removed to Tioga Co., Penn. 500 HISTORY OF THE Ebenezer Taylor — Elias — m. Maria, dr. of Hollis Naromore. They separated. Sumner P. Taylor — Elias — m. Sarah D. Newell, of Troy ; lived on his father's place. He d. Nov. 19, 1866. Had Sarah E., Eliza J., Francis N., Sumner W., Ellen M., infant, Elmer E., Sumner. Francis N. was killed with George's two children, Sept. i, 1856. These all d. before arriving at maturity. George H. Taylor — George — Elias — ist m. Mary A. Palmer, of Lyme, N. H., March 3, 1864, she d. June 24, 1876 ; 2d m. Emma J. Hove}^ of Swansey, Nov. 19, 1878 ; lives on the Jos. R. BufFum place. Had by Mary A. : Wesley M., b. June 27, 1865, d. Oct. 8, 1866; Medora L., b. April 27, 1867 ; Rosetta L., b. Jan. 30, 1871, d. May 18, 1876; Royal P., b. May 5, 1876. Had by Emma J. : Blanche E., b. May 30, 1880. Loren L. Taylor — George — Elias — ist m. Mary Jewell, she died; 2d m. Nellie Long, Feb., 1873; lives on the Elias Taylor place. By Mary had Emma E., b. March, 1865; Francis H., b. Sept., 1867; three d. in infancy. By Nellie had Mary A., b. May 9, 1875 ; Grade E., b. April 29, 1878. Charles W. Taylor — George — Elias — m. Julia, dr. of Lucius Naromore, July 3, 1876. Lives with his father. Had one d. in infancy ; Earle C, b. June 30, 1879. Cyrus Taylor, from Winchester, m. Rachel Blais- dell. She d. July, 1863. Lived on the Luke Scott place. He d. Feb. 5, 1864. Had no children. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 5OI Ebenezer Taylor m. Eunice . Lived on the John Hale place, west of Elias'. Had eight children. He d. about 1858 ; she d. Feb., 1843. TEMPLE. Daniel Temfle, from Warwick, m. Hannah Wood- cock. He lived on the Caleb Curtis place, L. 20, R. 9. Had Caleb, Susan, Eleanor, Horace, Augusta, m. Augustus' Saben ; Hannah, m. Jesse Bolles ; and Samuel. He d. 1835 ; she d. 1847. Mrs. Bolles is the only one now living. TENNEY. Edwin P. Tenney, from Marlboro', m. Chloe, dr. of Ichabod Whipple. Was a shoemaker. Came to the Four corners, 183 1. Removed to Winchester, 1833) where he still resides. TOLMAN. Edward Tolman, from Troy, m., Nov. i, 1834, Nicene, dr. of Anthony Corey. Lived first in Troy ; came to town, 1845, and bought the Paul Jillson farm. He d. Oct. 26, 1852. Had six children, two of whom live in town, viz. : Henry E., b. July 18, 1844 ; Abbie E., b. Jan. 14, 1847 ; and Alfred, who was an elder son, m. Jane, dr. of Esek BufFum, was shot at Keene, Nov. 22, 1864, aged 24, Jane d. by suicide Jan. 2, 1865. Henry E. Tolman — Edward — m., Dec. 24, 1871, Clara, dr. of Curtis Parker. Lives in the Roswell Weeks house. Had Edward P., b. Aug. 10, 1874; Christine E., b. July 4, 1876, d. in infancy ; Maurice D., b. June 27, 1878; Adele L., b. Oct. 23, 1880; Harry A., b. May 2, 1883. 502 HISTORY OF THE THAYER. Richard zx^d. Thomas Thayer came from Essex Co., England, about eighteen miles north of London, in 1630, and then settled in Braintree, Mass. From them have descended the three original families of Thayers that settled in Richmond, viz. : Jeremiah, Simeon, and Grindall. 'Jeremiah Thayer, son of Ebenezer and Sarah, of Bellingham, m. Alice Holbrook, April 21, 1747. He and his wife and his nine children, viz. : Caleb, Jere- miah, Allis, Nehemiah, Lydia, Rhoda, Hamlet, Com- foi-t, and Nathan, settled in the north-west part of Richmond. The father lived with his son Jeremiah, on L. 18, R. ID, the place now owned and occupied by George Taylor. Caleb Thayer — Jeremiah — m., April 28, t774» Susanna Threshire. Had Levi, b. Feb. 19, 1775 ; Sarah, b. 1776. He enlisted in the army of the Rev- olution, 1777, and died in the service, 1778. Jeremiah Thayer, jr. — Jeremiah — ist m. Anna Page, Jan. 13, 1772; 2d m. widow Elizabeth Man, dr. of Caleb Cook. Had by Anna: Asa, b. Oct. 11, 1772 ; Caleb, b. April 9, 1778 ; Ellis, b.^Sept. 3,'i788. Allis Thayer — Jeremiah — m,, March 15, 1774, Mary Shafter. Was f. s. on L. 20, R. 11. Re- moved to Washington Co., Vt., about 1781. Had two children, Susanna and Hannah. Nehemiah Thayer — Jeremiah — m., Jan. 26, 1780, Hannah Peters. Was f. s. on west half of Lots 18 and 19, R. 10, known as the Elias Taylor place ; he TOWN OF RICHMOND. 503 removed to Putney, Vt., about 1785. Had one son, Ebenezer, b. Jan. 15, 1781. Asa Thayer- — Jeremiah — Jeremiah — m. , Jan. 28, 1796, Chloe Robinson. Lived west of Elias Tay- lor's. Had Jeremiah, b. Sept. 12, 1796; Phebe, b. Oct. 4, 1798, m. Oliver Puffer; Lucy, b. Feb. 24, 1803; Asa, b. Sept. 14, 1806; Chloe, b. Aug. 15, 1808, m. Nelson Thayer; Anna, b. Sept. 4, 1813, m. Ethan Thayer; Lona, b. Aug. 15, 1819, m. Benj. Aldrich. He d. Nov. 17, 1844, aged 72 ; she d. April 30, i860, aged 86. Caleb Thayer — Jeremiah — Jeremiah — m., April 21, 1803, Susanna Marble, of Winchester. He lived on the home place. No record. Ellis Thayer — Jeremiah — Jeremiah — ist m., Jan. 20, 1811, Lois, dr. of Dr. Ebenezer Swan; she d. Oct. II, 1828; 2d m. Dellia, dr. of Benjamin Man. He lived on his father's place, and by Lois had : Nel- son, b. Jan. 18, 1812 ; Lois, b. Aug. 8, 1814, m. Alan- son B. Thayer; Andrew J., b. Aug. 7, 1817 ; Le- ander, b. Oct. 11, 1819, d. March, 1822; Galinas, b. Oct. 13, 1821 ; P. Loinel, b. March 15, 1823, m. Nathan Cutler, of Woodford, Vt., d. April 17, 1844. By Dellia had Ettarista E., b. Nov. 22, 1834, d. April I, 1854 ; Alvarus L., b. Nov. 31, 1836. Dellia d. Feb. 8, 1854, aged 54. He d. about 1875. feremtah Thayer — Asa — Jeremiah — Jeremiah — m. Sarah Taylor, Oct. 10, 1813. He removed to Warren, Vt. Had Leonard, and nine other children ; Leonard m. Vide Ann, dr. of William Whipple, March 30, 1846, and lives in Irving, Mass. Levi Thayer — Caleb — Jeremiah — m. , March 13, 1799, Hannah Abbott. 504 HISTORY OF THE Nelson Thayer — Ellis — Jeremiah — Jeremiah — m. Chloe, dr. of Asa Thayer. Lives on the road to Winchester, on a part of the old Norwood farm. Has an axe factory and wool carding works. Has no children. She d. Nov. i,. 1871. Andrew J. Thayer m. Susan A. Tobey, Nov. 12, 1849. Lives in Orange. Ha:s three children. Galinas Thayer — ElHs — Jeremiah — Jeremiah — 1st m., April 26, 1850, Lauretta J. Abbott. She d. ; 2d m. Anne E. Graves, Oct. 11, 1862. Had by Lau- retta two children, and by Anne E. had other chil- dren. He is a blacksmith in Winchester. Alvarus L. Thayer — Ellis — Jeremiah — Jere- miah — m. Ellen Dunham, Nov. 7, 1858. Setded in Orange. Had two children. Grindall Thayer, son of Uriah and Martha Thay- er, of Mendon, was m., Sept. 3, 1767, to Sarah Park- hurst. Was f. s. onL. 10, R. 12, 1768, known as the John Scott place, and now owned by Orrin Hammond. Had a brick-yard on the premises, which has ever furnished the main supply of bricks for the town. Had by Sarah: Turner, b. March 25, 1768; Timo- thy, b. Aug. 30, 1770; Thompson, b. Feb. 3, 1773; Tryphena, b. April 17, 1775 ; Prentice, b. Dec. 15, 1777 ; Sairah, bo Nov. 27, 1779; Uriah, b. May 25, 1781. By Lydia Cumstock had Wyman C, b. Oct. 3, 1787. He d. about 1820; Sarah lived to be about 95- Thom-pson Thayer — Grindall — m. Clarissa Cobb, of Bellingham, March 23, 1795. Lived on his father's place. He d. March 7, 1861 ; she d. Nov. 6, 1834. TOWN OF RICHMOND. ^0$ Had Ellis, b. Jan., 1796 ; an infant, b. 1798 ; Cynthia, b. April 14, 1801, m. Harmon Robinson; Lucina, b. Nov. 4, 1804 ; Amos W., b. Aug. 10, 1808 ; Josephus, b. 1810; Ethan C, b. March 19, 1814. Prentice Thayer — Grindall — m. Bethiah Twitch- ell, or widow Wright, 1802. Lived near the brook above Thornton's mills. Had James and other chil- dren. James settled near Montpelier, Vt., m. Rox- ana Pratt. Uriah Thayer — Grindall — m., 1807, Florilla Rockwood. Lived near by and north of the mills now owned by Amos Lawrence. Had Alanson B., b. Nov. 4, 1808 ; Lucy R., b. 181 1 ; William, b. July 4, 1813 ; Lorenzo R., b. Dec. 2, 1814 ; Maria, b. 1818; Sarah M.,b. Dec. 6, 1821 ; Henry F., b. 1822; Lewis A., b. Jan. 24, 1826, d. Jan. 28, 1846; Thomas W., b. July 4, 1828 ; Marcena, b. June 7, 1832. Wyman C. Thayer — Grindall — m. Polly, dr. of Abner Thurber, Nov. 14, 1816. He lived where his dr. Lorinda now resides. Had three children, viz. : Lorinda, b. Feb. 15, 181 7, m. Nathaniel Bryant; Montraville, b. May 7, 1822; Lavona, b. June 24, 1824, 1st m. Mr. McCurdy, of Louisville, Ky., he d. Sept. I, 1861, 2d m. Mr. Becker, and now lives in New York city. He d. May 11, 1845, aged 57. She d. some years after. Ellis Thayer — Thompson — Grindall — m. Julia Curtis, dr. of Caleb, April 12, 1821. Was a painter, and lived in Winchester. Had children. Ethan C Thayer — Thompson — Grindall — m. Anna, dr. of Asa Thayer, Oct. 12, 1835. Removed to Foxboro', Mass. Had five children. So6 HISTORY OF THE Alanson B. Thayer — Uriah — Grindall — m., Aug. 9, 1832, Lois, dr. of Ellis Thayer. Had Har- riet S., b. June 26, 1836, m. F. J. Butterfield ; Sarah L., b. Jan. 11, 1838, m. Charles Jackson. Rev. Lorenzo R. Thayer — Uriah — Grindall — a graduate of the Wesleyan University, of Middletown, Ct., 1841, joined the M. E. church in June, 1841 ; was stationed in Medway, Mass., where he m. Harriet M. Luce, Aug. 8, 1841. She d. Feb. 6, 1842; 2dm. Jane Turner, July 26, 1842, and by her had six chil- dren ; she d. Feb. 3, 1864; 3d m. Ruby Warfield, Jan. I, 1865 ; she d. June 5, 1872. He was a dele- gate to the Centennial conference at Indianapolis, 1856, and again at Chicago, 1868. He was elected overseer of Harvard College by the Legislature of Massachusetts, 1867, for six years. Received the degree of D.D. from his Alma Mater in 1863. Henry F. Thayer, son of Uriah, m., Sept. 20, 1857, Alfreda, dr. of Calvin Brya-nt. Settled in Leray, Mower Co., Minn. Thomas W. Thayer, son of Uriah, m., Aug. 11, 1852, Betsey A. Ray. Settled at Whitehall, N. Y. Deacon Simeon Thayer, from Cumberland, in 1768, m. Zerviah Ballou, Dec. 3, 1761 ; was f. s. on L. 14, R. 9, known as the Levi Randall farm, now owned Dy Walter N. Gay. Removed about 1800 to his son Simeon's, near the Alfred Saben farm; was deacon of the first Baptist Church, but was converted to Uni- versalism by the preaching of Elder Caleb Rich and others. Had seven children, viz. : Phila, b. July 6, 1763, m. Nathan Barrus ; Eleazer, b. Feb. 4, 1767, TOWN OF RICHMOND. 507 m. Sarah Harris, 1787; Ziba, b. Jan. 2, 1769, m. Desire Barrus ; Ahaz, b. Aug. 2, 1771 ; Simeon, b. Oct. 12, 1774 ; Zerviah, b. June 24, 1779, m. Alfred Saben ; Benjamin, b. June 4, 1782. Eleazer and Ziba removed to Lewis Co., N. Y. ; Benjamin went to Jef- ferson Co. Simeon Thayer — Simeon — m. Chloe, dr. of Israel Saben, Jan. 30, 1793 ; lived on the old road east of Alfred Saben's. Had Daniel, b. Aug. 26, 1793 ; Saben, b. Oct. 15, 1794; Rufus, b. Aug. 15, 1796; Hosea, b. July 9, 1798. Removed to Leyden, Lewis Co., N. Y. Ahaz Thayer — Simeon — m., Jan. 2, 1794, Can- dace Cook; removed to Leyden, Lewis Co., N. Y., 1807. Mrs. N. Augusta Thayer, dr. of Lewis Freeman, and widow of Ruel Thayer, of Attleboro' ; lives in house built by John Pickering, near Four corners. Had Emma A., b. Sept. 25, 1858, m. Stephen Bul- lock; Elsie L., b. Oct. 20, 1867, m. Fred. Wheeler. THRESHIRE. Barnabas Threshtre, probably from Rehobath, was f. s. on a part of L. i, R. 12, the old Aaron Kelton place; m., Nov. 28, 1780, Lydia Hammond, of Win- chester. Had Benjamin, Rebecca, and Ruth. Ben- jamin m. Esther Shafter, and removed to Athens, Vt. THOMPSON. Timothy Thompson m. Rachael ; was f. s. on L. 7, R. 8, known as the Enos Holbrook place, 1762. The house was on the old Winohester road — long 508 HISTORY OF THE since gone. He d. April 20, 1778. Had seven children, viz. : Timothy, Mary, Martha, Rachel, Elizabeth, Jonathan, and Eunice. Jonathan Thompson — Timothy — m., Feb. 22, 1795, Anna, dr. of Rev. Isaac Kenney. She died? and he removed with Enos Holbrook to Lamoile, 111., 1834, where he soon after died. David Thompson, from Royalston, bought of Jacob Patch, 1828, the place recently owned by Nahum Putney. About 1844 he removed to the John Boyce farm ; from thence to Fitzwilliam, 1866. Had Aman- da, Delia, Jonas T., Lucy, and Abbie. Jonas T. Thompson — David — m. Susan, dr. of Jairus Perry. Lived with his father. She d. Dec. 4, 1859. ^^ ^°^ resides in Fitzwilliam. THORNTON. Laban Thornton m., March 25, 1792, Elizabeth Fisher, sister of Elder Darius Fisher, of Fitzwilliam. He bought of Francis Norwood, in 1788, L. 8, R. 11, containing the mills, and now owned by William C. Putney. Had Obed, Welcome, Joel, Mary, m. Lib- erty Aldrich ; Nancy, and eight others who died young. Mr. Thornton died 1819. Welcome and Joel continued on the place several years. Welcome died about 1840, unmarried. Joel m. Mary, dr. of Caleb Curtis, and started for Pennsylvania, about 1848, whither had gone Obed, Mary, and Nancy, but he died before reaching his destination. No other record of family. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 5O9 THURBER. Jonathan Thurber, from Rehobath, 1762, m. Lydia — — ; was f. s. on L. 24, R. 6, next to the Bay State line. He was an innkeeper. Had a large two-story house on the premises, long since departed. The place is now owned by Charles H. Cass. He d. June 25, 1780. Had Jonathan, b. July 30, 1769; Abner, b. Feb. 29, 1772 ; Huldah, b. April 30, 1774, d. Sept. 4, 1779; Daniel, Isaiah, Sylvester, Mehetabel, and Eunice. Jonathan Thurber — Jonathan — m. Hannah Cole, of Royalston, Nov. 3, 1791. Abner Thurber — Jonathan — m., June 5, 1796, Lois, dr. of John Pickering. Sylvester Thurber — Jonathan — d. 1800. Hezekiah Thurber, h. in Rehobath, Aug. 11, 1741, m. Rachel, dr. of Adam Harkness, of Smithfield, Nov. 6, 1757. He lived on the place where Jacob Bump first settled, near the southwest corner of Cass pond. The family removed to Saratoga Co., N. Y., about 1795. Had eight children, one of whom, Daniel, was drowned in Cass pond, and Mary m. Lilburn Allen. David Thurber, from Rehobath, was f. s. on L. 2 or 3 , R. 7 , on the south side of the road leading from the county road to the Cass Bullock place. Had seven children ; removed from town. Daniel Thurber, probably a brother of David, m., Oct. 15, 1783, Olive, dr. of John Ellis; lived near David Thurber's. 5IO HISTORY OF THE TILLSON. "James Tillson, from Cumberland, 1767, settled on L. 7 and 8, R. 10, near the Tilsey, a brook named for him, south of John Dandley's. Had James, Olive, and Phebe, and probably others. He d. about 1782. No record of family. TORREY. Ebenezer Torrey was f. s. on L. 15, R. 2, on the road between the Reuben Randall and the John Gor- ton farms. TRUESDELL. Seth Truesdell, from Connecticut, bought of George Clark the Enos Holbrook farm, 1844 ; lived there until 1856, when he removed to Wisconsin. TUCKER. Amos A. Tucker, from Winchester, m. Louisa Goodell, Dec. 14, 1854 » irioved to the Benjamin Newell farm, 1869. Had Alice R., b. April 27, 1856, m. Walter J. BoUes. TUTTLE. Nathan E. Tuttle, from Littleton, Mass., bought, 187 1, the Seth Curtis place. Lived there until 1878, when he removed to Peterboro' ; now resides in Worcester. Had Frederick H., Ida L., who m. Willie O. Cass. TWITCHELL. Abner Twitchell, from Walpole, b. December 23. 1753. 1st m. Feb. i, 1779, Sarah, dr. of Daniel Cass ; she d. about 1785 ; 2d m. Lucy Daniels. He first lived on Caleb Curtis' place, L. 21, 9 R., the place first settled by Hix ; bought, 1806, the TOWN OF RICHMOND. SI I farm now owned by Sylvester Daniels. Had by Sarah : Daniel, b. Nov. 26, 1779. By Lucy had Lucy, b. Sept. i, 1796, m. Elisha Harkness ; Sarah, b. Oct. 18, 1803, m. Sylvester Aldrich;- he d. 1831. Daniel Twitchell — Abner — m., Nov. 26, 1801, Rhoda, dr. of Thomas Kelton, of Warwick. Lived on the place now occupied by Mrs. Jonathan Cass until 1821, when he removed to the old Samuel Curtis place, L. 22, 6 R. Had five children, viz. : Jonas, b. Aug. 8, 1802 ; Abner, b. May 4, 1813 ; Dulcena, b., Nov. 24, 1817, m. Henry B. Swan; Rhoda, b. August, 1820, m. David Martin ; Daniel, b. May 28, 1822. Jonas Twitchell — Daniel — Abner — m., July 11, 1830, Eliza, dr. of Dr. Amos Howe. Lived on the Josiah Lawrence place ; from thence removed to the place now occupied by Silas O. Martin. Had George, b. Jan. i, 1831, d. in Boston; Melissa, b. Sept. 3, 1832, m. Rufus Freeman ; Fanny, b. Feb. 4, 1841, m. Charles Howe; Daniel E., b. Jan. 11, 1846. Abner Twitchell — Daniel — Abner — m., Apr. 19, 1843, Adaline, dr. of Levin Aldrich. Lived on the Capt. Crooker farm. Had Almon, b. Nov. 2, 1844; Adalitte V., b. Mar. 24, 1847, m. L. Warren Wright; he d. Feb. 9, 1869. Daniel Twitchell — Daniel — Abner — m. , May 6, 1855, Minerva L. Freeman. Has lived until recent- ly on his father's old place ; removed to the Sam. Thompson place, 1882. Had seven children, viz : Jane D., b. Mar. 31, 1856; Nettie L., b. Oct. 3, 5I2 HISTORY OF THE 1857 ; Etta R., b. Apr. 20, 1859; Orison D., b. July 4, 1861 ; Wilbur J., b. May 26, 1864; Lucy L., b. Aug. 24, 1869; Forrest J., b. Aug. 4, 187 1. His wife has now left him. Almon Twitchell — Abner — Daniel — Jonas — m . Sarah, dr. of Edson Starkey, Esq., Nov. 28, 1871. Lives on the Crooker place with his mother. Jonas Twitchell — brother of Abner, from Wal- pole — m. Joanna, dr. of John Bennett, and was f. s. on L. 18, R. 9, where David Bolles afterward re- sided ; then removed to the farm next south of Ben- nett's, known as the David Holbrook place, first set- tled by Constant Barney ; removed to Swansey. Had one son, David, who m., May 26, 1791, Sarah, dr. of Abraham Randall. Lived with his father in Swansey until the father's decease, when he removed to North- field. Enos Twitchell, from Athol, kept the corner store at the Four corners about i8i8-'20 ; he d. 1820. Stillman Twitchell, from Athol, m. Elvira Cheever. Was a shoemaker ; served apprenticeship with Amos Bennett. He removed to Lexington, Mass. TYLER. Moses Tyler, b. May, 175 1, m. Mary Scott, b. Dec. 25, 1757, dr. of John, Sept. 9, 1777. He came from Attleboro', 1775, and bought L. 5 and 6, R. 12 ; he built the buildings now standing on the farm ; he was a justice of the peace, held numerous town of- fices, and was representative to the General Court for several years in succession ; he was a land sur- veyor, and the only plan of the town now known was made by him ; he d. suddenly, in an apopletic fit, TOWN OF RICHMOND. 513 Nov. 9, 1818, age 68. She d. May 14, 1827, aged 69. Had eight children, viz. : Chloe, b. July i, 1778, m. Rev. David Ballou ; Melinda, b. Aug. 12, 1780', m. Asa Bancroft, of Warwick ; Mary, b. Aug. g, 1782, m. John GrifEn, of Essex, Vt. ; Aaron, b. July 30, 1784, d. Jan. 24, 1796 ; Moses, b. Aug. 29, 1786 ; Benjamin, b. May 31, 1789, d. May 12, 1796; John, b. May 31, 1791, went to Kentucky, and d. in Texas ; Patience, b. July 17, 1795, m. Samuel Atherton, and moved to Attleboro'. Moses Tyler — Moses — m. Abigail, b. June 27, 1789, dr. of Jonathan Gale, of Royalston. He lived after his marriage on the Gibson place, in the west part of Royalston. After his father's decease, he re- moved to the old homestead, and there resided until his death, Oct. 8, 1847, aged 61. She died Oct. 13, 1876, aged 87. Had eight children, viz. : Danford, b. Oct. 2, 1812 ; David, b. Jan. 24, 1815 ; Jonathan G., b. Nov. 12, 1817, unmarried, lives in Keene ; Pa- tience, b. June II, 1820, m. William Bassett; Loren F., b. Feb. 27, 1822; Laura J., b. Dec. 23, 1823, m. David Randall, d. in Waltham, i860; Rhoda G., b. April 1, 1827, m. Stephen C. Reed, d. July 12, 1880 ; Juda Ann, b. July 8, 1829, m. Ephraim F. Taft, lives in Keene. Danford Tyler, — Moses — Moses — m. Emily, dr. of Stephen Reed, of Warwick. Kept store at Four corners, from 1838 to 1845, in company with Daniel Bassett, jr., and with his brother David; removed to Warwick, 185 1, where he d., Aug. 19, 1870. Had Emilie J., b. Dec. 18, 1844, m. William Lawson, of England; James D., b. June 15, 1848, lives in Ber- lin, Mass.; Moses R., b. June 19, 1850, lives in Berlin, Mass. ; Mary A., b. April 26, 1852. 33 514 HISTORY OF THE David Tyler — Moses — Moses — ist m. Clara B. Allen, of Boston, May, 1842 ; she died ; 2d m. Helen M. Broad. By Clara B. had Clara, died. By Helen had George W., b. April 10, 1857. David was with Danford in the store at Four corners, 1840. Removed to Boston, and was treasurer of the Boston & Provi- dence R. R. Co. He d. Feb. 2, 1867. Loren F. Tyler — Moses — Moses — no. Anne N. Hitchcock, Nov. ii, 1856. Went to California, 1849 • returned to Boston, 1852 ; carried on business as mer- chant tailor until 1862 ; is now retired, and lives in Boston. No children. Chester Tyler moved into town, 1855. Had Oscar S., George B., Henry, and four drs. Lived on the Elijah BoUes place. He d. Oct. 11, 1856, age 60. Oscar S. Tyler, son of Chester, lived with his father ; remained there about three years. WAKEFIELD. Sylvanus Wakefield, from Charlton, Mass., built the hotel now owned by Jerahmeel Allen, about 1816-7. Removed from town, 1821 ; d. in Dudley, Mass., about 1855. Rufus Wakefield, brother of Sylvanus, kept the old Thurber tavern from about 181 2 to 1825, when he removed from town. WALKER. Jonah Hiram Walker, of Royalston, m., Aug. 8, 1813, Mary, dr. of Dr. Ebenezer Swan. Removed to the Maturin Ballou farm, known also as the Bump place, 1831. Had Lyman, b. March 16, 1815, d. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 515 young; Maria, b. Sept. i, 1816, m. George Martin; Alonzo, b. March 20, 1818 ; Mile S., b. Aug. 14, 1828 ; Tamasin S., b. July 8, 1831. Alonzo d. May 3, 1836, aged 19 ; Tamasin d. Feb. 27, 1845, aged 18 ; Milo d. young. Lyman Walker, son of Jonah, m., Oct. 15, 1835, Emeline Ingram, of Amherst, Mass. Was a harness- maker ; worked at his trade a short time at the Four corners, about 1838. He removed to Fond-du-Lac, Wis., where he followed his trade. When the war broke out he enlisted in ist Wis. Cavalry, serving in the department of equipment with the highest satis- faction and reliability. Emeline, his wife, d. 1870, By her he had one dr., Emeline Lisle, b. Oct. 15, 1835* while her parents resided in the old historic house, celebrated as the birthplace of the Rev. Hosea Ballou. Lyman 2d m. Merriam P. Freeman in June, 1871, by whom he had three children, viz. : George Lyman, Josephine, and Anna M. He d. in Fond- du-Lac, 1883, aged 68. His dr. Emeline Lisle, who has been legally renamed Lisle Lester, is now living in New York City, a notice of whom will be found in another part of this work. WALLACE. Sewell Wallace, a large, strong, good-natured man, who liked rum, worked for Col. Buifum and Jacob Sweet in building roads, about 1825. He came from Townsend, Mass. WARD. Nathan Ward lived on the Oliver Hix farm about twenty years. Removed from town, 1840. Had six children, three of whom were of one birth. 5l6 HISTORY OF THE WARE. Dr. Lewis Ware lived on the Oliver Perry farm. Was a travelling botanic physician; died, 1832. Had several children. No record. WARREN. Dexter Warren was b. in Acton, Vt., 1805, m. Ava, dr. of Dea. John Grimes, of Swansey, N. H., 1827. From Swansey He removed to the Lemuel Scott farm, 1858, where he now resides. Had Min- erva, John, Jane, Augusta, and Emma. WEATHERHEAD. Wtlliam Weatherhead, a non compos, was brought into these parts from Cumberland, when about eight years old, by Russell Ballou. He lived at first with Mr. Ballou, and afterwards with Maj. Ebenezer Swan. In his old age he found a home in the county house at Westmoreland, where he died, aged about 90. He had the credit of doing as well as he knew. Of all in town, 'twas often said, The most foolish was Bill Weatherhead. Though long he lived to drudge and toil, With " nary" cent for all his moil, Perhaps in some more favored sphere, His recompence will there appear. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 517 WEEKS. William Weeks, son of Richard Weeks, of War- wick, 1st m., June 15, 1789, Martha, dr. of Timothy Thompson ; 2d ra. Joanna Davis, of Royalston. Lived on the place now owned by Mrs. Alfreda Carpenter. The house, which stood where Mrs. Carpenter's barn now does, was removed about 1844, ^^^ '^^ ^^^ occu- pied by Perley Amadou. Had by Martha : Hannah, b. June 17, 1790, m. Jacob Sweet. He d. Sept. 8, 1837, aged 74; Martha d. Nov. 30, 1813, aged 45. Richard Weeks, brother of William, m. Lydia Wellington, of Acton, Mass. Was a hatter. Lived in Royalston until 1824, when he removed to the Holmes place, at the middle of the town, now owned by Julius Whipple. He d. March 25, 1848, aged 77 ; she d. Dec. 8, 1856, aged 82. Had seven children, viz. : Jarvis, b. Jan., 1799; Dolly, M. Sylvia, b. Aug. 21, 1804, m. Joseph Whitcomb ; Irene, b. April 14, 1806, m. Joseph Swan : Adaline, b. Jan. 15, 1808, m. Cyrel Amadou; Addison, b. Dec. 3, 1809; Randilla, b. Sept. I, 1817, m. Obediah S. Swan. Jarvis Weeks — Richard — m., Feb. 22, 1826, Candace, dr. of Dr. Amos Howe. Lived on the widow Howe place, and after her decealse repaired the buildings and kept tavern for some years. Was town clerk many years, representative to the General Court, and justice of the peace. Had eight children, viz. : Francis, b. Sept. 30, 1826, a merchant in Win- chester; Mary Ann, b. March 15, 1821, m. Levi Hill; Robert E., b. Nov. 8, 1831, was a printer in Cambridgeport, d. 1875 '■> Roscoe, b. Oct. 14, 1833 ; Joseph, b. Jan. i, 1837; Edward P., b. March 19, 5l8 HISTORY OF THE 1838, d. April 3, 1841 ; Ellen Maria, b. June i, 1841, m. Jonas R. Wheeler; Henry A., b. Aug. 12, 1845. He d. Nov. 27, 1865, aged 66; she d. June 18, 1882. Addison Weeks — Richard — m. Eliza Wellington, of Rindge. Removed to Rindge, 1841, and thence to Wayne Co., N. Y., where he died, 1881. Had two children, Eliza Jane and Anna. ■ Francis Weeks ist m. Marinda J., dr. of Asa Thayer : 2d m. Mariette C. Follet, dr. of William FoUet. Had by Marinda J. : Delia G., b. 'Dec. 6, 1852, d. March 12, 1873. Had by Mariette: Jennie L., b. Dec. 29, 1859. ^^ '^^^ been a successful mer- chant in Winchester for more than thirty years. Roscoe Weeks — Jarvis — Richard — m., Oct. 21, 1858, Clara F., dr. of Charles Norwood. Removed, 1867, to the place formerly occupied by James Ballou, jr., known as the early home of Mrs. Eliza Ballou Garfield. Had Edward P., b. May 30, 1859; Mary F., b. April 16, 1862, d. Oct. 7, 1865; Ida C, -b. Dec. 2, 1863; Charles H., b. April 4, 1866; Willie R., b. Dec. 8, 1867; May F., b. Sept. 14, 1869; Nellie V., b. March 17, 1872 ; Bertha L., b. March 30, 1874. Hon. 'Jose-ph Weeks, son of Richard, of Warwick, and brother of William and Richard, of Richmond, ist m., Feb. 16, 1795, Mary, dr. of Richard Peters. 2d m. Anna, dr. of Stephen Ballard, Jan. 17, 1813. He lived where Jarvis Ingalls now resides ; 1837, re- moved to Winchester, and there died, Aug. 4, 1845, aged 72. Was town clerk more than twenty years', TOWN OF RICHMOND. 519 representative to General Court, associate judge of Court of Common Pleas, and representative to Con- gress. Had by Mary: Chauncey, b. Dec. 2, 1795, removed to Pittsburg, Pa. ; Joseph, b. Feb. 26, 1798, removed to Pittsburg, Pa. ; Roswell,b. May 14, 1802 ; Mahala, b. May 19, 1808, m. Ebenezer Babcock ; Mary Peters, b. April 27, 1810, d. July 27, 1810. By Anna had: Elizabeth, b. May 26, 1813 ; Lafay- ette, b. May 26, 1824, lives in Keene. Mary, his wife, d. May 22, 1810, aged 32. Roswell Weeks — Joseph — m. Delila, dr. of Caleb Curtis. Lived where the widow Fisher now resides ; removed to Pittsburg, 1843 ; returned to Winchester, 1843 ; and thence to Keene, 1851, where he d., Nov. II, 1874, aged 72. She d. July 15, 1835. ^^^ one child, Mary Peters, d. in Pittsburg, Pa. Lafayette Weeks — Joseph — m. Emma E. Wright Nov. 2, 1845 ; moved from Winchester to Keene, 1852, where he still resides ; is a tinman. William W. Weeks, son of Caleb, of Warwick, a curled-hair worker, lived a number of years on the old Oliver Capron place, about 1845. WESTCOAT. 'James Westcoat, from Rehobath, was f. s. on L. 13, R. 3, the place now owned by Ozial Ballon. He sold to Esek BufFum, 1788, and removed from town. Had eight children. WHEATON. Moses Wheaton m. Sarah, dr. of Maturin Ballou, Oct. 14, 1781. Lived near William Chase's. Had 'thirteen children. He d. Jan. 3, 1819. 520 HISTORY OF THE Moses B. Wheaton — Moses — m., Nov. 26, 181 2, Mary, dr. of Nathaniel Aldrich, Esq. Was a Meth- odist minister. Dr. Christofher C. Wheaton, from Warwick, be- came associated with Dr. John Parkhurst in the prac- tice of medicine, 1836; remained about two years, and then removed to Winchester. WHLEEER. Peregrine Wheeler, from Berlin, Mass., about 1802, bought of Jaazaniah Barrett the Daniel Cass farm, the place now owned by Jonas Wheeler. His wife was Sarah Carter, of Berlin, by whom he had Levi, b. in Richmond, April 26, 1802. He d. about 1824. She d. about 1803. Levi Wheeler — Peregrine — m., 1825, Lucy, dr. of Darling Saben. He lived on the place bought by his father of Jaazaniah Barrett. He d. May 26, 1858, aged 56. She d. Sept. 5, 1858, aged 54. Had Pere- grine, b. Oct. 25, 1826, d. June 19, 1829; Sarah C, b. Dec. 5, 1828, m. J. W. Colburn ; Levi P., b. Jan. 25, 183 1, not married, lives in Minnesota ; Phebe M., b. May 2, 1833, m. Christopher Robb ; Lucy S., b. May 16, 1835, ist m. W. J. Ballou, 2d m. R. W. Moss; Hannah, b. April 28, 1837, d. July 16, 1838; Jonas R., b. Dec. 12, 1838 ; Henry, b. July 19, 1841 ; Darling S., b. Oct. 31, 1844, m. M. E. Bliss, lives in Minnesota; Lydia J., b. Sept. 13, 1848, m. T. P. Allen. "Jonas R. Wheeler — Levi — Peregrine — m. , June 21, 1858, E. Maria, dr. of Jarvis Weeks, Esq. ; lives on his father's place, L. 7, R. 6, the place first settled TOWN OF RICHMOND. $2 1 by Daniel Cass. Had Hattie J., b. Nov. 21, 1858, m. Everett C. Page ; Ida M., b. April 6, i860, m. Charles F. Pickering ; Fred. L., b. March 4, 1862 ; Waldo J., b. Sept. 30, 1863 : Albert J., b. Sept. 21, 1866; Tru- man W., b. April 19, 1876. Henry Wheeler — Levi — Peregrine — m. Mary E. Talbot, of Swansey. Lived on the Henry Ingalls place. Had two children. Moved to Minnesota, 1875, and there d., Jan. 13, 1879. ^^'^ *^^° children, d. in infancy. Fred. L. Wheeler — Jona. R. — Levi — Peregrine — m., March 30, 1883, Elsie L. Thayer, dr. of Augus- ta (Freeman) Thayer. John Wheeler, from Marlboro', 1834, '"• widow Phila Tenney, dr. of Ananias Aldrich. Lived at the old Ezra Martin place ; removed. Zacheus Wheeler, from Orange, m. Dexter, dr. of Benjamin Dexter ; lived a while at the Holmes house, at the middle of the town, and at other places. No record. * Stefhen Wheeler, son of Stephen Wheeler, of Troy, m., Dec. 10, 1829, Harriet Gorham ; bought the Wakefield tavern at the Four corners, 1829, and about the same time opened the store on the corner, which he sold to B. Nourse, 1832. He d. July 19, 1837, aged 28. Had one child, Stephen Warren. Samfson W. Pf%ee/^r, from Troy, uncle of Stephen, jr., continued the hotel business a short time after Stephen's death, and then removed to Troy. He m. Marinda, dr. of Reuben Newell ; he d. in Troy. 522 HISTORY OF THE Jesse G. Wheeler, shoemaker, from Boxborough, Mass., 1832, brother of Sampson. He m. Imogene, dr. of Walter Erskine, Oct. 19, 1834; removed from town, 1834. Charles H. Wheeler — Jesse G. — m. Lydia, dr. of Joseph Swan, Feb. 13, 1859; lived with his father- in-law. Had Jennie M.,b. Nov. 15, 1862; Alice C, b. Sept. II, 1864. He was killed while acting as brakeman on the cars of Cheshire R. R., April 15, 1865. WHITE. Calvin White, probably from Dorchester, Mass., lived on the Luke Scott place, L. 20, R. 11, the farm first settled by Ellis Thayer, sr., and afterwards by Stephen Darling. He removed to Swansey about < 1838. Had one son, Lowry, who was a remarkable scholar, and who, for the improvement of his health, went to China, where he died, aged 25 years. George White, son of Betsey Alexander, brought upbyEnos Holbrook, went with the Holbrook family to Illinois, 1834. Returned, and now lives in War- wick. Enoch White, from Smithfield, m., Aug. 31, 1755, Lydia Syrague ; was f. s. on L. 13, R. 2, the place since owned by Nathaniel Boorn. He sold to John Gorton, and removed to Claremont, N. H., about 1783- WILSON. Amory Wilson, from Swansey, about 1818 ; served with William Bassett apprenticeship as tanner and currier. He afterwards made wooden pumps. Re- moved to Marcellus, N. Y., 1828. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 523 WHIPPLE. Nathaniel Whiffle, son of Israel Whipple and Mary Wilmarth, of Cumberland, m. Bethiah Slack, April 22, 1736. Came to town, 1767, and was f. s. on L. 5, R. II, known as the Capt. Dan. or Enoch Whipple place, now ownedby Lucius Carroll. Had nine children, all born in Cumberland, viz. : Israel, b. March i, 1737; Ichabod, b. April 2, 1738; Na- thaniel, b. March 24, 1741 : Mary, b. June 18, 1743, m. Peter Aldrich ; Isquire, b. April 18, 1745-; Rufus, b. Jan. 14, 1747 ; Elkanah, b. Dec. 2, 1749; Dan.,b. Aug. 24, 1751 ; Sarah, b. Nov. 6, 1753, m. Simonds. Of these Israel, Ichabod, Iqsuire, Rufus, and Dan. are known to have settled in Richmond. He d. Sept., 1792. Israel Whiffle — Nathaniel — was f. s. on L. 2, R. II, known as the Ichabod Whipple place. No record of family. Ichabod Whiffle — Nathaniel — ist m. Catherine Brown, Feb. 16, 1762 ; 2d m., 1774, Lydia Parker, probably a sister of Reuben, sr. Was f. s. on L. 7, R. 12, the place formerly owned by Amos Garnsey. The house stood some distance west of the buildings now on the farm. Had by Catherine : Ichabod, and by Lydia had: Elkanah, William, Henry, b. 1791 ; John, d. young ; Anna, m. Enoch Whipple ; Vide Ann, and some others whose names are unknown. Isquire Whiffle — Nathaniel — ist m. Molly Latham, a sister of Jared Ballou's wife. He lived first on the Zimri Ingalls place, north-west of the William Randall farm ; afterwards removed to the place more recently occupied by his son Charles. 524 HISTORY OF THE Had by Molly : Pardon, who removed to Lisbon, N. H., Charles, and Isabella ; and by a second wife ; Is- quire and Polly. Rufus Whiffle, Esq. — Nathaniel — m . , March 22 , 1770, Mary, dr. of Azariah Cumstock. Was f. s. on L. 6, R. II, now owned by Charles H. Conway. He was moderator, and on the board of selectmen many years, representative to the General Court, and delegate to revise the Constitution of N. H., 1791. He d. 1831, aged 84. Had eleven children, viz. : Lydia, b. May 14, 1770 ; Welcome, b. April 6, 1772, d. July i, 1773 ; Stephen, b. Aug. 17, 1774; George W., b. Dec. 21, 1776; David, b. April 9, 1779; Israel, b. March 8, 1781 ; Clarinda, b. June 2, 1784; Sally, b. Aug. 18, 1786; Mary, b. Oct. 29, 1789 ; Candace, b. Feb. 18, 1793 ; Lewis, b. May 17, 1795. Caft. Dan. Whiffle — Nathaniel — m., Aug. 31, 1769, Amy, dr. of Azariah Cumstock. He lived on the home place with his father. Was constable many years ; d. April 19, 1834, aged 82 ; she d. Jan. 3, 1809, aged 59. Had eleven children, viz. : Lucy, b. Jan. 5; 177°' "i- Robert BufFum ; Lorina, b. Sept. i, 1771 ; Czarina, b. Sept. 5, 1773; Amy, b. Nov. 6, 1775, m. Joseph Burlingame ; Bethiah, b. Dec. 19, 1778, m. Ono Cass; Azariah, b. Jan. 15, 1781 ; Aaron, b. Sept. 3, 1782; Benjamin H., b. Oct. 24, 1784; Lovise, b. Feb. 25, 1787, ist m. William Whipple, 2d m. Jacob Sweet ; Nathaniel, b. May 24, 1789; Enoch, b. Aug. 14, 1791 ; Sabrina, b. 1772, d. Dec. 27, 1845 ; Dan. T., son by his 2d wife. Ichabod Whiffle, jr. — Ichabod — Nathaniel — m. Chloe, dr. of Stephen Kempton. Lived on the place TOWN OF RICHMOND. 525 next south of Barnabas Barrus. Had Ichabod, Lucy, m. Mellen Barrus; Chloe, ist m. Willard Whipple, 2d m. Edwin P. Tenney ; Mason, Delura, m. Jesse Watson ; Experience, m. Mixter ; Truman, went to Penn., and a son, Galon. Elkanah Whiffle — Ichabod — Nathaniel — m., Dec. 19, 1818, Elizabeth Stearns, of Warwick. Lived in Warwick. Had a son, Chauncey, and two daugh- ters. He d. June 6, 1852, aged 75 ; she d. Jan. 29, 1858, aged 67. William. Whiffle — Ichabod — Nathaniel — ist m., Feb. 14, 1809, Lovice, dr. of Dan. Whipple. Lived at various places in town. Had Moses P., d. Jan. 24, 1832, aged 23; Amariah, and Edwin. 2d m., Sept. 2, 1819, Polly Naromore, and by her had Fa- tima, b. 1818, m. Nathan Bolles ; Parkhurst, Vide Ann, b. March 15, 1827, m. Leonard Thayer; Emma Jane. He d. May 7, 1869, aged 70; Polly d. Sept. 7, 1854, aged 60. Henry Whiffle — Ichabod — Nathaniel — m. Polly Smith, of Warwick. Lived in Warwick. Had Han- ■ nah, Annie, John, William, Henry, Mariette. He d. Dec. 8, 1874; she d. Jan. 29, 1858. Charles Whiffle — Isquire — Nathaniel — ist m. , Oct. 12, 1794, Dorcas Taft; 2d m. Molly Jones, Sept. 16, 1814. Lived on his father's place, the farm next south of where James Swan formerly lived. Had by Dorcas : Willard, who m. Chloe, dr. of Ichabod Whipple ; and Nancy, who kept his house some years after his wife's decease, and d. Sept., 1877. Charles d. April 16, 1857, aged 84. 526 HISTORY OF THE Isquire Whiffle — Isquire — Nathaniel — m., Dec. 8,1813, Lydia Ellis. He lived next north, of Esq. Rufus Whipple's. Had Mary, m. David B. Aldrich, and Barbara, ist m. Elisha Spencer, 2d m. Lewis G. Rich. No other record. Azariah Whiffle — Dan — Nathaniel — m. Keziah Whipple, dr. of Ichabod, March 15, 1802. He re- moved to northern Vermont, and settled on the shore of Lake Memphremagog, in the town of Newport, where some of his children still living reside. Had Aaron C, 0. Sept. 20, 1803 ; Jemima, b. March 13, 1806; Jinks, b. Feb. 28, 1808. Aaron Whiffle — Dan — Nathaniel — m. , July 8, 1801, Keziah, dr. of John Cass, jr. He d. Aug. 1801, and she 2d m. Benjamin Newell, Esq. Benjamin H. Whiffle m., 1802, Parma, dr. of Benjamin Kingman, of Winchester ; lived on Pudding hill, in Winchester. Nathaniel Whiffle — Dan. — Nathaniel — m.. May 27, 1810, Sarah, dr. of Esek Buffum. He lived at various places in town, and, lastly, at the Richard Weeks place, at the middle of the town, he d. ; she d. Oct. 14, 1868. Had Esek B., b. Nov. 5, 1810, removed to Detroit, Mich., where he d. ; Lucretia, b. Jan. 26, 1813, m. Holman Barrus ; Dan., b. June 14, 1815, removed to Detroit. Enoch Whiffle — Dan. — Nathaniel — m.,Sept. 12, 1819, Anna, dr. of Ichabod Whipple. He lived with his father on the old homestead, and d. May 21, 1837 ; she d. Aug. 12, 1841. Had no children. TOWN OK RICHMOND. $27 Dan. T. Whiffle — Dan. — Nathaniel — was never married. He lived with his brother Enoch, and wijth the widow Anne. He d. 1842. In mother wit he did abound, But little more in him was found, Ichabod Whiffle — Ichabod — Ichabod — Nathaniel — m. Arvilla, dr. of Silas Ballon, jr. ; lived in War- wick. Had Orlan O., b. 1836 ; Vibbert. Orlan O. Whiffle, son of Ichabod, m. Mary Ann, dr. of Parley Amadon ; lives near the Four corners, on the George BufFum place ; owns and drives a daily mail passenger coach to Keene. Had Oretta M., b. May 16, 1868; Nettie M., b. May 19, 1872; Grace B., b. Aug. 8, 1875 ; Fred. O., b. Sept. i, 1881. Henry Whiffle, son of Henry, m., Nov. 18, 1863, Sarah F., dr. of Lewis Fisher; lives on the John W. Herrick place. No children. Preserved Whiffle, son of Daniel Whipple, re- moved from Cumberland to Richmond, 1794 ; m. Olive, dr. of Jame^ Ballou, sr. He first lived on the place settled by Royal Aldrich, on part of L. 15, R. 4 ; afterwards lived near Tully Brook, on the farm now owned by Henry Curtis. Had ten children, all b. before he came, viz. : Otis, b. Dec. 28, 1767 ; Pre- served, b. March 27, 1770; Stephen, b. Nov. 27, 1772; Phila, b. April 25, 1776; Silas, b. Sept. 8, 1778; Comfort, b. Jan. 7, 1781 ; Nancy,, b. Sept. 18, 1783, d. April 23, 1855, aged 71 ; Olive, b. July 2, 1786; Russell, b. Aug. 11, 1789; James, b. April 10, 1792, and Tamma, who d. in infancy. He d. May 25, 1813, age 68; she d. April 14, 1845, age 94. Children all b. in Cumberland. £28 HISTORY OF THE Otis Whifpe — Preserved — m., March 15, 1798, Lydia, dr. of Capt. Amos Boom. He removed to Fitzwilliam. He d. Aug. 22, 1852; she d. Dec. 15, 1861. Had seven children, viz. : Otis, b. July 28, 1799; Lydia, b. Nov. 17, 1802; Nathan, b. March 12, 1804; Olive, b. Oct. 27, 1806, d. Aug. 13, 1810 ; Alpha, b. Dec. 2, 1808, m. Nathan Bowen ; Silas, b. April 16, 1811 ; Elvira, b. April i, 1815, m. M. Ansel Allen. Silas Whiffle — Preserved — m., Feb. 25, 1812, Prusia, dr. of Stephen Boyce. Lived on the place now owned by Jesse Bolles ; removed to the Capt. Amos Boom farm, and lived, lastly, in the house where Calvin Martin now resides. He d. May 28, 1862, aged 84; she d. April 2, 1870, aged 79. Had Olive, b. June 22, 1812, m. Danvers Martin ; Stephen, b. Jan. I, 1815, d. March 2, 1835 ; Tamma, b. Sept. II, 1817 ; Silas, b. April 12, 1827 ; Nancy, b. March 18, 1829, m. Stephen L. Randall, of Keene. Russell Whiffle — Preserved — lived with his mother and his sister Nancy, most of the time, on the old homestead, near TuUy Brook. After their decease he resided with his nephew, Silas Whipple, jr. His is a name which should not be passed over in silence. His long life was spent almost wholly in town. He was a student, naturally so ; he attained superior scholarship unaided by the schools, by a long course of reading and study. He was well versed in his- tory, mental and moral philosophy, and in the cur- rent literature of the day. He mingled but little in public assemblies, and seemed instinctively to dread close contact with the noisy business world. In pri- vate discourse his conversational powers were remark- TOWN OF RICHMOND. 529 able, his command of language was great, and the bold figures of speech he occasionally used were masterly and impressive. He enjoyed largely the confidence of his fellow-citizens, was repeatedly honored with the higher offices in their gift, which, from a sense of duty rather than from choice, he ac- cepted. He passed away, Oct. 25, 1877, aged 88 years, honored and respected by all that knew him. He was never married. Nancy Whiffle, daughter of Preserved, was a re- markable woman, and if the testimony of those who went to consult her may be relied upon, she had powers quite as wonderful in some respects as are re- lated of spiritual mediums of the present time. She seemed to have inherited the marvellous gifts pos- sessed by her uncle James Ballou, and was equally successful with him in satisfying many of her ability to tell past and future events. The concurrent testi- mony of those by whom she was best known is that she was an honest and virtuous woman, and possessed at least large powers of penetration and discernment. She was never married ; lived with her mother and brother Russell ; d. April 23, 1855, ^g^d 71 years. Otis Whiffle — Otis — Preserved — m., Oct. 3, 1819, Amy, dr. of John Harkness. He lived some years on the old homestead, near Tully ; removed to Fitzwilliam, 1838. He d. Oct. 3, 1865. Had Rus- sell, b. Jan. 22, 1820; Olive, b. April 7, 1821 ; Otis M., b. Sept. 30, 1822, d. ; Nancy, b. March 31, 1825 ; Otis, b. Jan. 7, 1827 ; Lydia A., b. June 25, 1828; Nathan, b. Nov. 28, 1829; Philinda A., b. May 15, 1831 ; Moulton, b. July 29, 1832 ; James E.,b. April 3,1834; Stephen, b. Dec. 30, 1835; Alfred P., b. 34 530 HISTORY OF THE July 28, 1837 ; Eunice M., b. July 20, 1839 ; William, b. March 20, 1841 ; Joseph L., b. July 4, 1843. Russell was killed at sie'ge of Port Hudson, 1863. Nathan Whiffle — Otis — Preserved — m.. May 18, C828, Julia, dr. of Hendrick Martin ; lived on his father's place in Fitzwilliam until recently ; now re- sides in Winchester. Silas Whiffle — Otis — Preserved — m. Diancy, dr. of Nathaniel Naromore ; lived at the old Dr. Park- hurst house, at Four corners. Had Julius M., b. May 8, 1832; Roselma A., m. Gilbert Armstrong; Stephen M. ; Jenette, b. 1843, m. Frank Amadon ; Diancy d. Sept. 8, 1867. He now lives in Brookfield. Silas Whiffle — Silas — Preserved — m., Feb. 25, 1858, Melinda C. Bowman of Fitchburg, Mass. He lived first with his father where Calvin Martin now resides ; thence removed to the old Whipple home- stead near Tully brook, and lastly to the Luther Ballou farm in Royalston. Had Arthur L., b. May 4, 1861 ; Helen M., b. Oct. 11, 1863; Edward H., b. Dec. 16, 1866; Ernest U., b. Mar. 30, 1870; Addie G., b. Oct. 18, 1872. yulius M. Whiffle — Silas — Otis — Preserved — m., Nov. 22, 1866, Marian, dr. of Edson Starkey. Lives on the Richard Weeks place. Had Silence M., b. Mar. 4, 1869; Geneva D., b. Jan. 14, 1871 ; Carl C, b. Sept. 14, 1872; Julius C, b. Nov. 25, 1873, d. 1874; Sarah L., b. Jan. 24, 1875; Essie M., b. July 7, 1876. Stefhen M. Whiffle — Silas — Otis — Preserved — 1st m. Julia, dr. of Elisha Bolles ; 2d m. Emma TOWN OF RICHMOND. 53I Andrews of Royalston, Aug. 19, 1882. No children ; lives at middle of the town. Otis Whiffle — Otis — Otis — Preserved — m . widow Margaret Lucas, April 5, 1855 ; she was b. Feb. 9, 1827. He lives with Noah Perry. Had Amie, b. May 20, 1861, m. Willie J. Ballou. WHITCOMB. Jacob Whitcomb, son of Oliver Whitcomb, of Fitz- william, m. widow Phillis Grant, dr. of Anthony Sweet. Lived on the Anthony Sweet farm, now owned by Sidney B. Bowen. Had six children, viz : Jacob, b. April 23, 1813 ; Hannah, b. June 26, 1815, m. Bowman Howe ; Daniel, b. Oct. i, 1817 ; Anthony S., b. Aug. 2, 1820; Isaac, b. April 16, 1823, d. young; Cynthia, b. Sept. 21, 1825, m. Bowman Howe. He d. Feb. 13, 1870, aged 77 ; she d. Nov. 23, 1866, aged ^z- Jacob Whitcomb, jr. — Jacob — m. Samantha, dr. of William Chase. Built a new house opposite his father's, and there lived until about 1850, when he removed to the place now owned by F. Osgood Bowen, where he had built a saw-mill, house, etc. He d. Nov. 29, 1855, aged 42. Had Sarah E., b. June 10, 1837 ; Jane E., b. Aug. 29, 1839; John A., b. Jan. 9, 1843, d. April 8, 1844J Judith A., b. Mar. 25, 184S ; Olive P., b. Nov. 10, 1847 ; after his death the family removed to Fltzwilliam. 1 Daniel Whitcomb — Jacob — m. Mary, dr. of Dea. Elijah Lyon of Fitzwilliam. Resides now in Fltz- william. 532 HISTORY OF THE Anthony S. Whitcomb — Jacob — m., Oct. 23, 1870, Abbie E., dr. of Nathaniel B. Fisher. Lived on his father's place until 1877, when he removed to Swan- sey, and now lives on the Major Parsons' place. Had Cora A., b. Feb. 27, 187 1 ; Minnie B., b. Sept. 15, 1872; Arthur A., b. Sept. 5, 1874; Grace E., b. Mar. 7, 1876; Susie M., b. Nov. i, 1878. "Joseph Whitcomb, b. in Harvard, Mass., Dec. 6, 1806, m. Nancy Gay of Hubbardston, and 'by her had : Maroe, b. March 30, 1836, m. Stephen W. Williams; Mary S., b. Mar. 6, 1840; Nancy M., b. Oct., 1841. His wife Nancy d. Jan. 30, 1842. He 2d m. Mersylvia, dr. of Richard Weeks ; she d. Nov. 20, 1865, aged 62 ; 3d m. Mary Moulton of Wayland, Dec. 25, 1866, she d. Dec. 3, 1872; 4th m. Sarah Bolles, widow of Elisha, May 13, 1874. ^^ "^ow lives on the Jonathan Sweet place. Sylvester Whitcomb, from Swansey, lived on the Esq. Aldrich farm ; was insane, and d. in hospital at Brattleboro', Oct. 15, 1856, aged 48. No record! WHITTAKER. "John Whittaker, of Petersham, m., Oct. 4, 1789, Sarah, dr. of John Scott, sr. He lived on the road east of the Scott place, where Ebenezer Taylor after- terwards lived. Silas Whittaker, of_New Salem, m., Nov. 22, 181 2, Mary Hale. He lived west of the Dea. Amos Garn- sey place ; had a son, Joseph. One thing I've heard of this son Jo, The truth of which I do not know; Too strange it is for one to utter, That he was choked in eating butter. TOWN OF RICHMOND. * 533 WHITTEMORE. William WJtitiemore, from Fitzwilliam, m. a dr. of Erastus Butterfield, Esq. He came to town about 1844 ; lived where Mrs. Robert Aldrich now resides. He removed to Iowa about 1850. WHITMAN. Winthro^ Whitman lived on the Nason place ; came to town, 1841. WHITMORE. Isaac Whitm.ore, from Royalston, came to town, 1839 ' lived on the Sam'l Gaskill place a few years, and then returned from whence he came. WHITNEY. Austin A. Whitney m. a dr. of Rufus Foster of Fitzwilliam, and lived a few years, about 1840, on or near the place where William Green had lived. WING. yoseph Wing, b. June 23, 1747, from Smithfield, was f. s. on L. 10, R. 2, known as the Col. Silas Jill- son place. His house stood a few rods north of the house now on the premises, built by Col. Jillson. He removed to AUentown, N. Y., about 1800. Had Hannah, Savory, Anna, Joseph, Hatzel, and Jabez. "John Wing, brother of Joseph, came from Smith- field, 1774. Was f. s. on L. 11, R. 2, known as the Ben. Buffum farm. He sold, 1796, and removed from town. Had by Margaret, his wife, John, Wil- liam, and others. No record of family. 534 HISTORY OF THE Savo7-y Wing — Joseph — m. Lydia Gorton, Feb. 14, 1792. Had Job, b. March 18, 1793. Joseph Wing, jr. — Joseph — m., Oct. 23,1796, Martha Clark, of Fitzwilliam. Hatzel Wing — Joseph — m., Aug. 25, 1801, Lil- lis, dr. of Paul Handy. He removed to Allentown, N. Y. WILLIAMS. Benjamin O. Williams lived on the Uriah Thayer place about 1840. Operated the mills near by. John Williams m., Jan. 10, 1810, Anna Barrus, probably a daughter of John, sr. He lived next south of Deacon Amos Garnsey, about 1818. David W. Williams ist m. Almina, dr. of Benja- min Aldrich, Sept. 17, 1846; shed. Aug. 16, 1847. 2dm. Waitstill, dr. of Nahum Aldrich, Oct. 18, 1849. Moved on the Ananias Aldrich place, 1870. Had by Almina: Emily E., b. Aug. 8, 1847, d. in infancy. By Waitstill had: Boardman A., b. Sept. 6, 1850, d. Sept. i; 1861 ; William H., b. Dec. 28, 1853 ; David W., b. Oct. I, 1856 ; Almina A., b. Oct. 31, 1858, d. Oct. 17, 1881 ; Benjamin H.,b. Sept. 18, i860; Hub- bard M., b. Oct. 22, 1862 ; Mary E., b. June 5, 1865 ; Esther M., b. Feb. 18, 1868; John F., b. May 9, 1871. Josefh Williams, of Warwick, m., Sept. 15, 1822, Hannah J., dr. of Daniel Man. Lived in Warwick. Had Stephen W. Stephen W. Williams — Joseph — of Warwick, m., Oct. 8, 1856, Maroa L.,dr. of Joseph Whitcomb. Lived with David BufTum, and now owns the Buffum TOWN OF RICHMOND. 535 farm. Resides in Keene. Had Elsie H., b. Aug. 17, 1857, m. Fred. C. Foster, of Keene ; Charles B., b. Dec. 24, 1858, d. Feb. i, 1859. WILLOBY. Andrew J. Willoby came from Hollis, N. H. ; bought the Dennis Harkness mills, and there manu- factured lumber, pail, and chair stuff until about 1875. He was promoted to the office of selectman, and was also representative to the General Court one year. Is now living in Winchenden. WISWALL. Daniel Wiswall lived in town from 1814 to 1818, probably on L. i, R. 10, recently occupied by John Boyce. WOODBURY. Nathan G. Woodbury m., Dec. 31, 1849, Angela, dr. of Calvin Bryant. He came from Rindge, 1847 ; bought the Enos Holbrook trip-hammer shop ; built a saw-mill and pail factory ; did an extensive business there until Sept., 1870, when he removed to Keene, where he now resides, engaged in the furniture and pail business. Had Edward C, b. Jan. 29, 1854, d. Jan. 24, 1865. WOODWARD. Josiah Woodward was f. s. on L. 14, R. i, now owned by Mrs. Nahum Putney. He sold to William Hills, and removed to Swansey. Had Susanna, Jo- seph, Josiah, d., Luther, Betty, Polly, and Josiah. William Woodward, son of Isaac Woodward, m., June 26, 1820, Betsey, dr. of Joseph Starkey, sr. Lived on the place before owned by Artemas Bassett, 536 HISTORY OF THE and more recently occupied by Zadoc Taft. Removed to Swansey. Had Eliza, m. Sylvander Whitcomb, and Dennison. Solomon Woodward, son of Isaac, m., Jan. 28, 1821, Waitstill Davenport, dr. of Joseph Clark Daven- port. Removed to Wallingford, Vt. He lived a while in town on the Moses Wheaton place. WOOLEY. Thomas Wooley was from Reading, Mass. ; was f. s. on L. 5, R. 10, the place now occupied by Andrew Amadon. The house stood north-west of the build- ings now on the premises, and was the first two-story house built in town. He was a large land owner ; at first he bought of Col. Josiah Willard, 1763, Lots 10, II, 12, in R. 6, and L. 13, R. 7, L. 3, R. 10, and L. 5 and 6, R. 10. Had Asa, Jonathan, John, Nathan, David, and Sarah, who m. Reuben Parker; Mary. m. Oliver Barrus ; Esther, m. John Cass ; and probably had some others. The front of Curtis Par- ker's house was a part of the old Wooley house. He d. March, 1793. The name disappeared from the town previous to 1800. Some of the family removed to Winchester and Hinsdale. John Wooley — Thomas — was f. s. on L. 12, R. 6, known as the Crooker place, and now owned by Almon Twitchell. He sold to Richard Peters about 1 78 1, and removed from town soon after. Had one child, Samuel, b. May 21, 1767. Nathan Wooley — Thomas — was f. s. on L. 3, R. 10 ; the building long since disappeared. He is sup- posed to have erected the first saw-mill in town, situ- TOWN OF RICHMOND. 537 ated west of the Sprague mills, so-called, and above the bridge on the road to Whipple hill. Removed from town about 1780. Had Samuel, b. Aug. 24, 1773; William, b. Sept. 5, 1777. Asa Wooley m., Aug. 26, 1784, Betsey Knap, of Winchester. Jonathan Wooley m., Oct. 2, 1780, Lucinda Bald- ing, of Swansey. WORK. Robert Work early bought Martin's mills, and lived in an old house which stood where the present resi- dence of Leason Martin is located ; was a large land owner. No record of family. Had a son, Robert, who lived near his father ; also a son, James. James Work, a son of Robert, m., March 6, 1800, Rachel, dr. of Joseph Cass, the son of Deacon John. Isaac Work, a nephew of Robert Work, a hatter, lived at Work's house, at the Mills, and at various places in town ; lived with Esther, dr. of Thomas Bowen. He served apprenticeship' with Robert Buf- fum. He d. June 26, 1852, aged 76. WRIGHT. William Wright, Esq., from Swansey, b. Nov. 23, 1813, m., Nov. 29, 1838, Larina, dr. of Dan. Buf- fum. After living a few years on the Deacon Amos Garnsey farm, he removed to the Enoch Whipple place, and from thence to the Naromore place, now owned by Andrew Dodge, where his wife d.. May 30, 1872. Is a justice of the peace; has frequently been on the board of selectmen and has represented 538 HISTORY OF THE the town in the General Court. Had two children : L. Warren, b. Jan. 27, 1842; Lucy J., b. April 7, 1840, m. Preston L. Freeman. L. Warren Wright — William — m., April 13, 1869, Addalette, dr. of Abner Twitchell. He resides in Keene. Was in the service during the late war ; was promoted to first lieutenant of Co. A., 14th N. H. Vols., and promoted again to adjutant, Jan. 4, 1865. YOUNG. John S. Young, from Newport, R. I., bought of Edwin N. Bowen his farm and Mills on Tully brook, known as the Bowman Howe place, 1882 ; m. Mina Anderson. Had Mary S., b. Sept. 19, 1876; John P., b. June, 1879. YATES. James Yates m., Aug. 30, 1818, Naomi, dr. of Zacheus Estes ; removed to Monroe, Mass. Had five or six children. He and his wife d. in Monroe. iHS gffllliS^ Rober} Swan. Dan. Buffum. John Scotf. JacobBoyce. Harvey Martin. Jeremiah Barrus Jr. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 539 CHAPTER VIII. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. Nathaniel Aldrich — Sylvester Aldrich — Orrin Munroe Allen — Jonathan Atherton — Lemuel Atherton — James Ballon, jr. — Rev. Robert Bartlett — Job Bisbee — Phebe Bowen — Jedediah Buffum — Capt. Oliver Capron — Daniel Cass — Nahnm Cass — Kendall Fisher — Eliza Ballon Garfield — John Martin — Wilderness Martin — Jo- seph and Benjamin Newell — Loren Pickering — Timothy Pickering — Jonathan Rawson — Alonzo Rawson — Col. Henry Starkey — Moses Tyler — Jarvis Weeks — Hon. Joseph Weeks — James Harrison Cass' — Daniel, the Nig — Nancy Linty — Hannah Man — Ruth Ormsby — Penelope Phillips — Rachel Jillson — Aldis Boyce. Nathaniel Aldrich, Esq., was recognized, in his time, as one of the leading men of the town. He was chosen on the board of selectmen in 1788, and served almost continuously until 1813. He was early placed on the board on account of the discovery of his ability in ciphering out the rate of taxation for the selectmen of the previous year, who were unable to solve so difficult a problem. He did a considerable amount of justice business for one located so far away from the centre of the town. His marriage certificates were quite numerous, as appears upon the records. He was honored with the office of representative to the General Court. His last days were spent with his daughter, Mrs. Wilbur, in Danby, Vt., where he died. Sylvester Aldrich, for forty years or more a resi- dent of the town, became the largest land-owner in Richmond, possessing seemingly nearly all the land that joined him ; he was ambitious in the pursuit of 54° HISTORY OF THE wealth ; he engaged in the manufacture of pails, etc., at North Richmond, a business with which he was un- acquainted by any former experience ; he quit the business in season to save a sufficiency for all his worldly needs. Orrin Munroe Allen was among the more promis- ing young men of his time. He was studious, moral, and discreet ; he obtained a respectable education, mainly by his perseverance and exertion as scholar in the old brick school-house. He completed his studies at the Royalston high-school, and afterwards taught the village school at Athol for two or three terms with marked success. It is probable that about this time he entertained some idea of preparing for the Unitarian ministry, but for some unknown reason he abandoned the project, and devoted his life, so far as is known, to agricultural pursuits. He removed to Pennsylvania with his father's family, and after re- maining there some years it is reported that he en- gaged in farming in Canada for a while, and again that he went to some of the Southern states ; his where- abouts at the present time, if he is living, are un- known. The other members of the family are now supposed to be dead. His sister Lamira was in- sane many years, and was a great trial and care to the family while she lived. It is not known that Orrin M. was ever married. yonathan Atherton, Esq., son of the first settler of that name, was one of the more substantial men of the town ; was of that class that gives dignity and character to any community. In his general mien he was dignified and commanding, in bodily stature he was among the largest in town, his voice was round TOWN OF RICHMOND. 54I and sonorous ; this combination of qualities well fitted him for moderator of town meetings, which position he satisfactorily filled for many years in succes- sion, until he removed to Winchester, much to the re- gret of his fellow-citizens, in 1835. His political af- finities were with the Whigs, and his religious con- nections were with the Congregationalists of Win- chester. Lemuel Atherton, son of Solomon, is remembered as one of the tall men of the town, a six footer, sure. His aspirations, in his younger days, led him to a study of the law ; he may have been a student of Fos- ter Alexander, of Winchester. It is probable that he never practiced the profession to any considerable extent. Was somewhat eccentric, and was possessed of fair abilities. He married Bliss, of Royalston, and lived some years in that town. He died 185 1, aged 73. James Ballou, jr., whose genealogical record covers most of the changes in his life, is entitled to some further notice on account of the celebrity he ac- quired as an astrologer. He was for years consulted by persons who had lost their domestic animals, or other property, which may have strayed away or been stolen ; he was believed by many to have been clair- voyant, and able, under favorable conditions, to dis- cover the whereabouts of such property ; his power, however, seems not to have been confined to this alone; he could, apparently, at times, penetrate the tangled web of life, and trace the life lines in their courses ; how he arrived at his conclusions is not known; he went to work with slate and pencil mak- ing circles, triangles, and other geometrical figures, but what relation these bore to the end sought is un- 542 HISTORY OF THE known ; he certainly acquired great notoriety, and was visited quite often by persons from a distance. Tradition says that he foretold the day of his death, but pf this there appears no conclusive evidence. He was evidently a man of quick perceptions, with large mental resources. He died in the prime of his man- hood, at the age of 47. Rev. Robert Bartlett, whose mother was the wife of Jesse Martin, was probably born in Warwick, but lived most of the time during his boyhood in Rich- mond, with his parents, on Whipple hill, on the place recently owned b}^ John Barrus. His early oppor- tunities for acquiring an education were limited to the district school ; he manifested an aptness to learn not common among his fellows, and a readiness in speech betokening a public speaker. When quite young he began to preach in school-houses and other places ; he was so low in stature at that time that he "stood fre- quently on a stool, that he might be visible to the audience ; he became a Universalist, preached in Vermont and New Hampshire for some yea:;s, and on one occasion was invited to deliver the election ser- mon before the Vermont legislature. At nearly the close of his ministry, about 1876, he supplied the Universalist pulpit in Richmond, and finally removed to Boston, where he died, Jan., 1882. The Rev. Dr. Miner preached the funeral discourse, and his remains were taken to Laconia, N. H., for burial. Job Bisbee, Esq., who for more than fifty years was a resident of the town, and was quite well known in the county of Cheshire, deserves a passing notice. It may be safely affirmed that his natural endowments were more than average. He was always greatly TOWN OF RICHMOND. 543 interested in politics ; he kept well posted in the do- ings of each of the political parties ; was an attentive reader of the Congressional Globe for several years ; he was unwavering in his devotion to the Whig party, and was persistent and unyielding in his advocacy of its principles ; was a great admirer of Daniel Web- ster, and defended, with great zeal, his famous seventh-of-March speech. He was of the old Pilgrim stock of old Plymouth, and in many respects was a representative type of those early fathers of New England. He was never popular with the peo- ple ; he lacked that suavity and grace which wins the multitude, and consequently received no official pro- motion at the hands of his townsmen. Phebe Bowen, daughter of Zephaniah, was a teacher whose intellectual range was above the aver- age. She was in the academy with S. W. BufFum, at Patterson, N. J., for some years; she taught and travelled in various states from Maine to Texas ; she had a keen perception of passing events, and the gift of concise, clear, and forcible expression in speaking and writing. She married late in life, while in New Orleans, Nahum Sisson, of Texas, a widower with two children. She survived him some years, having charge of the children. Jedediah Buffum, the first settler on the farm still known by his name near the Four corners, was one of the solid men of the town ; solid in body, solid in mind. His weight was over three hundred pounds, so large, in fact, that at the time of his death that the door-casings were removed for the passing of his coffin. He held the office of town treasurer thirty 544 HISTORY OF THE years, a much longer time than any other has held the office. He possessed good financial and execu- tive ability, was enterprising and active in business; he was one of the more wealthy men of the town, was largely engaged in buying and selling land, and in loaning money ; was a farmer and blacksmith ; he built the first store at the middle of the town, and put his son William in charge ; he was benevolently dis- posed, as appears from his gift to the Quaker society ; he died 1808, aged 71. Capt. Oliver Capron occupied a position of the first rank among the early settlers ; he evidently was a leader in political, as well as in military aff"airs ; he shared largely the confidence of his townsmen ; he was entrusted with the most weighty responsibilities, as his repeated leadership of the Richmond soldiers, in the war of the Revolution, most conclusively attests. While he was active and zealous in defence of the right, his activity and zeal was tempered with wisdom and prudence. He stands at the head of the list of representatives of the town, having been the first to represent the town in the General Assembly of the state. We are informed by tradition that he devoted so much of his time and attention to military and polit- ical affairs, to the neglect of his personal interests, that he became poor, and was obliged to sell his farm to pay his debts. It is a melancholy reflection surely, that one who had contributed so much to the public weal should, in his last days, be deprived of the means of a comfortable subsistence ; but his was not, perhaps, an isolated and an exceptional case in this respect. Daniel Cass, the first settler and ancestor of all of the name now in town, was one of the live men of TOWN OF RICHMOND. 545 the early time ; was called a " smart man," as un- doubtedly he was, both physically and intellectually. He was a man of considerable wealth, owning large tracts of land, on which he appears to have fettled each of his sons ; his place seems to have been the business centre of the town at first, containing a store, blacksmith shop, potash, etc. Was one of the found- ers of the Qjaaker society. In political matters he probably was radical rather than conservative, as ap- pears from his action in the Vermont controversy. He died in 1798, age 74. Orison B. Curtis, Esq., son of Orison Curtis, b. Jan. 25, 1825, removed with his father to Colerain, Mass., 1829; he engaged in merchandizing in that town, 1848, in which business he has continued to the present time. He has been school-committeeman and justice of the peace for more than twenty years, and also represented his district in the General Court, i877-'8. Kendall Fisher . — Among those who were natives of other places, who have lived herein, Kendall Fisher may be justly considered one of the most active in town affairs, and one whose ability in the transaction of public business must forever remain unquestioned. As a selectman He was discreet and eminently able, and was ever on the alert to devise means to relieve the town of any financial burdens, caused by paupers or otherwise. He was instrumental, about 1852, in transporting two families to the far West, who had been thrown on the town for support, one of which never returned, and the other staid long enough to pay for all expenses of carrying out. The principle involved in such transactions, however, can hardly 35 546 HISTORY OF THE be justified under the golden rule, only on the ground that the town, in justice, should not be obliged to sup- port persons born elsewhere, and by reason of settle- ment gained through their grandfathers. Eliza Ballou Garfield, the mother of the late lamented President Garfield, was a native of Rich- mond. She was the daughter of James Ballou, jr., and her mother was the daughter of Henry Ingalls, Esq. ; hence, both on her father's and mother's side, she descended from Richmond families of an early date. She was born Sept. 21, 1801, on the place where her father lived, in the Ballou neighborhood, but removed with the family, when about two years old, to the Nathan Cass place, and from thence went with her mother to the state of New York, an account of which is more fully related in the genealogy of the family of James Ballou, jr. John Martin, from whom all of the name in town have sprung, was a man of means and influence in the early times. Was enterprising and active in busi- ness ; he erected a saw and grist mill, and built for himself good buildings soon after he came ; he was on the first board of selectmen, in 1765, and again was on the board in 1776. He appears to have been a man of good natural abilities, doubtless, but limited in his literary attainments, having been deprived, in his youth, of the ordinary educational advantages of the times. Wilderness Martin, grandson of the above named John, was so named because the country round about was indeed one vast wilderness at that time. Many have thought that he was the first white male born n^ 'liP/iJ/D&i^M-e- '^{J TOWN OF RICHMOND. 547 in town, which evidently was not the case, as he was born in 1765, while Lemuel Scott was born 1763, a difference in time so great that it would seem that there could have been no question as to priority of birth. Joseph zx^di Benjamin Newell, twins, sons of Joseph Newell, were men of mark and prominence in the town, always interested in public affairs, and were generally present at all town meetings. They were well-to-do farmers, and were quite well known in the county ; were of large ' physique and commanding presence, and they looked very much alike ; their height was about six feet, and the average weight of each was about two hundred and seventy-five ; in pol- itics they were divided, and in their opinions they were most decided ; Joseph was a Democrat, and Ben- jamin was a Republican ; their religious views were similar, both favoring the Universalists ; both shared largely the confidence of their fellow-citizens, and were repeatedly honored by being chosen on the board of selectmen, and as representatives to the General Court. They were both men of few words, neither ever attempting to make a speech in town meeting or in any other assembly, so far as is known. They both lived to great age; Joseph lived to be 85, and Benjamin to be 92. Loren Pickering, son of Samuel Pickering, a na- tive of the town, some of whose early years were spent with his father in Winchester, ranks with jour- nalists of the first class. He removed to the West when a young man, and soon became the editor of a St. Louis paper, which he conducted with signal abil- ity for some years ; after resigning .this position he travelled extensively in Europe, and then returned 548 HISTORY OF THE . and settled in San Francisco, where he became editor of a paper called The Morning Call. He appears to have inherited largely the ability characteristic of his ancestors. Timothy Pickering, Esq., son of John Pickering, who was a direct descendant of the first John Picker- ing, who settled in old Salem, possessed some char- acteristics worthy of note. He bore a striking resem- blance to the picture of old Judge Timothy Pickering, which hangs in the Old South church at Boston. The similarity between the two does not end with the physical likeness ; their mental characteristics appar- ently were much the same ; each possessed a clear, ar- gumentative turn of mind, and were endowed with a forcible use of language. Favoring surroundings and early educational advantages attended the Judge, while his namesake here had to contend with adverse influences which may have hindered his growth and development. The Esquire was always interested in politics ; he never wearied in discussing the merits of candidates, or the policy of parties ; was a strong par- tisan, unyielding and defiant in his opposition to the Federalists and Whigs ; his vocabulary of epithets, containing the most withering sarcasm, was inexhaust- ible, which he did not fail to use when occasion re- quired, which was not seldom in times of political ex- citement. In religion he was a Liberal ; he was favorably disposed towards the Unitarians, and took an active and foremost part in the formation of that society here. He was by trade a carpenter, a thor- ough workman. He built many houses, and was the contractor for building the Brick meeting-house. He was temperate in his habits, and a despiser of hypo- crites and shams. He died 1844, aged d'^. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 549 Jonathan Rawson, Esq., was long identified with the town in its social, political, and business relations ; was a successful merchant, and continued in trade longer than any other in town ; held various town of- fices, and was representative to the General Court. He was above trickery and deception, and was always regarded as honorable in his dealings. In politics he was a Whig, and in religion he was a Liberal. He had many friends and but few enemies. He died, 1843, at the age of 59. Alonzo Rawson, son of Jonathan, after serving as clerk in Lampson's store, at Keene, went to Louis- ville, Ky., and engaged in the wholesale grocery business, in which he continued many years. He accumulated an ample fortune ; has travelled exten- sively, and now resides in Chicago. Col. Henry Starkey, a native of the town, but for some years a resident of Swansey, is still quite hale and hearty. He is supposed to be next to the oldest person born in town now living. He pre- sents a type of vigorous manhood and muscular de- velopment conducive to the greatest longevity. His mind is still active, and his memory good. He enjoys a joke as of olden time. He was one of the pioneer shook-makers of the town, in which industry his sons have been engaged with marked success. He relates an incident of travel in his younger days, of a journey on foot to Pennsylvania, to visit some friends, when about eighteen years old. This he accomplished, with a pack on his back, in about three weeks, a distance, both ways, of about five hundred miles. He lost his wife some years ago. He has outlived three 550 HISTORY OF THE of his sons, and is now living on his homestead with his .daughter, Mrs. Taft. He is now 89. Moses Tyler, Esq., possessed more than ordinary attainments ; was, in fact, well educated, and had superior qualifications for the transaction of town busi- ness, as the records of the town still show, that bear the impress of his hand. He was evidently a good land surveyor and conveyancer. He was peculiar in his temperament, and exceedingly orderly and method- dical in his business ; was a man of large physique, weighing nearly three hundred pounds. He died in an apopletic fit, sitting on a rock in a field near Jacob and Samuel Parker's, Nov. 9, 1818, age 68. yarvis Weeks, Esq., came to town with his father when he was a young man. He seemingly for a while followed in the footsteps of his uncle Joseph, in holding successively the same offices, up to that of representative, which was the highest point gained. He was mail agent, under the administration of Buchan- an, between Burlington and Boston. He had con- siderable shrewdness in political management. The records of the town kept by him bear witness of his efficiency and competency as town clerk. Hon. Josef h Weeks acquired more political dis- tinction than any other citizen of the town. He was born in the neighboring town of Warwick, close by the border of this town, but lived most of his life here. His education was limited to the meagre acquirements obtained from the common schools of that period. He possessed a dignified, commanding presence, but in his latter years his physique was somewhat impaired by his corpulency. He shared largely of the confi- TOWN OF RICHMOND. 55 1 dence of his fellow citizens, as appears from the nu- merous offices he held : of justice of the peace, town clerk, representative to the General Court, assistant judge of the Court of Common Pleas, and, lastly, representative to Congress. He was undoubtedly an adroit political manager, possessed good natural abil- ities, and a more than ordinary stock of mother wit. After his return from Congressional service, he re- moved to Winchester, and lived on the place now owned by Stephen Randall, until his death, 1845. Peculiar People. fames Harrison Cass was a prodigy, in size at least ; he was about six feet and eleven inches in height ; his proportions were not particularly sym- metrical ; his great height was caused more by the elongation of his lower extremities, than by length of body ; his feet were correspondingly long and large. A special last had to be made for his shoes (he never had boots), the number of which, by scale of meas- urement, was about No. 17 ; his ordinary weight probably was not much over two hundred pounds. His mental capacity was evidently, on the whole, less than the average, but his wit and gift of ready retort was fully equal to his fellows. He lacked vitality, died young, barely reaching his majority. Daniel, the Nig. — About 1828 there lived with Dr. Parkhurst a colored boy by the name of Daniel, who by the boys was called " Daniel, the Nig." He was easy and good-natured, and readily forgave offences, and hence was the subject of frequent jokes that were gotten up at his expense. One of these is remembered as purposely planned, and was carried out accordingly 552 HISTORY OF THE on the dam of the Bark mill-pond in this wise : it was arranged that a platoon of boys should march across the dam, keeping step as soldiers. It was so fixed that Daniel, the Nig, was on the side next the water, and when in the middle, where the water was deep- est, a sudden move of each of one step to the left threw Daniel, the Nig, splashing into the water. He was speedily rescued, however, from his perilous situ- ation, and made to believe that it was simply an acci- dent, for which all were " terrible sorry." He after- wards stole something belonging to the Doctor, and attempted to run away, but was overtaken and brought back; "was sorry," he said, and "knew it was a shame ; but as the devil got into him before he knew it, the devil ought to bear the blame." In the early history of the town was a person of now unknown parentage, who had the singular name oi Nancy Linty. She was so named, it was said, by reason of the fact that soon after her birth she was placed in some receptacle in which there was an abundance of lint, and this adhering to the child in considerable quantities, suggested to the attendants the appropriateness of the name, and in the absence of any known father she ever went by the name of Nancy Linty. She had a son, named Royal Ormsby, who grew to manhood, and became an active citizen and blacksmith, and removed to Monroe, Mass., about 1813. Hannah Man was the daughter of Abraham Man, and was of small stature, so small as to be called a dwarf, not much larger than Tom Thumb's wife. She spent the last of her days in the family of Peleg Taft, sr., who married her sister. TOWN OF RICHMOND. 553 Ruth Ormsby was probably the daughter of Oliver Ormsby, who married Alice Cass. She was never married. Lived at various places, at Moses Tyler's, at Peregrine Wheeler's, and other places. She was a comical genius, occasionally witty, but on the whole was considered below mediocrity. She died about i«30. Penelope Phillies, known also as Penelope Man, was the daughter of old Gideon Man's wife by a for- mer husband, or else she was illegitimate. She was quite masculine in her general appearance, had a beard, and a voice harsh and coarse ; was quite large and had a commanding way. She evidently pos- sessed good ability, and was a superior manager of out-door business. Her name appears on the list of tax-payers on personal and real estate for several years. She lived with Mr. Man until his death in 1800, and then continued with the mother until her death in 1810, when she removed to Ben. Man's, and again to Major Ebenezer Swan's, where she died about 1818. Deaf and Dumb. Rachael Jillson, daughter of Paul Jillson, sr., was born deaf and dumb. She had no special opportuni- ties for instruction such as are enjoyed by deaf mutes of the present day. By a system of signs she was enabled to converse with the family on ordinary topics. Her natural capacity for learning was evi- dently good, and she had quite fair and comely fea- tures. She lived, during her last years, with her brother, Silas. She was unmarried, and retained her , connection with the Friends' society. 554 HISTORY OF THE Aldis Boyce, son of Enoch Boyce, had the misfor- tune to be deprived of hearing from birth ; had good capacity for learning ; was educated at the Hartford Deaf and Dumb Asylum ; learned the trade of cabinet- maker; is married, and lives near Malone, N. Y. Nonagenarians Born in Town, fames B.uffum, of Keene, son of Caleb BufFum, of Richmond, b. 1792, is probably the the only native of the town now living over 90 years of age. On a visit paid him in 1882, he appeared to retain a clear recollection of matters in the olden time : he related interesting incidents connected with his boyhood, about attending school kept by James Ballou, jr., in a part of his house, when he lived in the Ballou neighborhood ; how he peeked through cracks be- tween the apartments to see how fortunes were told, but did not succeed in finding out. He recounted other matters of much interest, pertaining to the early settlers of Gaskill hill and the people of the east part of the town. Jerahmeel Allen was 91, Jeremiah Barrus was 94, Barnabas Barrus 95, Aaron Harkness 91, Benjamin Newell 92. There may be some others of which we have no account, or which we may have accidentally omitted. Many in town have lived to be as old, but most of them were certainly born elsewhere. Centenarian Sorn in Town. Prudence, daughter of Paul Handy, b. 1777, who married Hendrick Martin and removed to Barton, Ver- mont, probably attained to as great an age as any born in Richmond. An account was given in a newspaper article, a few years ago, of her walking some 10 miles in a day when she was about 97. It is under- stood that she lived to be over 100 years of age. TOWN OF RICHMOND. sss CHAPTER IX. LONGEVITY, FIRST SETTLERS, ETC. List of Persons who were Born in Richmond, or have Resided therein, who have lived Seventy Years and Upwards — The first Settlers and some of their Suc- cessors — Conclusion. The following is a list of persons who were born in Richmond, or have resided therein, who have lived seventy years and upwards, alphabetically ar- ranged, 1883 : — Nathan Aldrich . . . . 82 Maturin Ballou . . . . 82 Martha, his wife . . . 75 Hosea Efallou . . . . . 81 Abner Aldrich . . . . 88 Nathan Ballou . . . • 78 Elizabeth, his wife . . 76 David Ballou . . . . • 83 Nahum Aldrich . . . 88 James Ballou, sr. . . . 89 Esther, his wife . . . . 84 Ozial Ballou . . . . 81 Levin Aldrich . . . . 78 Russell Ballou . . . . 84 Mary, his wife . . . 79 Silas Ballou, sr. . . 84 Sands Aldrich . . . 75 Silas Ballou, jr. . . . • 7- Abigail, his wife . . 83 Silas Ballou, 3d . . • 7- Sylvester Aldrich . . 69 Abner Barden . . . . 81 Sarah, his wife . . . •74 Nancy, his wife . . . 81 Moses Allen, sr. . . 81 Michael Barrus . . • 83 Moses Allen, jr. . . 89 Samuel Barrus . . . . 81 Mary, his wife . . . 77 Jeremiah Barrus . • • 94 Jerahmeel Allen . . ■ 91 Barnabas Barrus . • 95 Lilburn Allen . . . • n John Barrus . . . . . 85 Jeremiah Amadon • 87 William Bassett, sr. • • 93 Abigail, his wife . . ■ 92 Ruth, his wife . . . . 82 Jona. Atherton . . . • 76 Daniel Bassett . . • • 77 Solomon Atherton . • 73 Susanna, his wife . ■ • 75 Jona. Atherton, jr. . ■ 7- Amos Boorn . . . ... 84 556 HISTORY OF THE William Boom .... 79 Abigail, his wife • . • 73 Nathaniel Boorn ... 83 Mary, his wife .... 72 Thomas Bowen .... 90 Penelope, his wife . . 77 Zephaniah Bowen ... 74 Martha, his wife ... 72 Nathan Bowen .... 63 Lavina, his wife . ... 84 Elder Nathaniel Bolles, 85 Thankful, his wife . . 89 Jeremiah Bolles .... 84 John Bolles 74 Cynthia, his wife ... 79 Daniel C. Bryant ... 79 Susanna, his wife ... 82 Chandler Bryant ... 87 Noah Bisbee 87 Job Bisbee 72 Paul Boyce 81 Cadish Boyce 77 John Boyce 7- Jedediah Buffum ... 71 Geoi-ge Buffum .... 83 Esek Buffum ...... 69 Lucretia, his wife ... 88 William Buffum ... 83 David Buffum .... 79 Betsey, his wife .... 78 James Buffum, of Keene, living 92 Benjamin Buffum . . . 8- Benj. Buffum, of Royal- ston, living 84 Dan Buffum, living . . 85 Joseph Buffum .... 69 Mrs. Robert Buffum . . 76 Cass Bullock 73 Hannah, his wife ... 85 Nathan Bullock .... 86 Sarah, his wife .... 87 Cass Bullock, jr. ... 73 Asa Bullock . . • . . 67 Jacob Bump 91 Dinah, his wife .... 77 Deacon John Cass . . . 8- John Cass, jr 82 Lydia, his wife .... 86 Moses P. Cass .... 81 Daniel Cass, sr 74 Daniel Cass, jr 73 Mordica Cass, about . . 75 Jona. Cass, sr 82 Luther Cass 71 Mrs. Martin Cass ... 81 • Oliver Capron .... 80 Mrs. William Chase . . 87 Luther Cook 75 Nathan Cook So Simeon Cook 89 Benjamin Crooker ... 79 John Ellis Dea. Martin Ellis, about 80 Daniel Ellis 84 Elizabeth, his wife . . 91 Lewis Freeman .... 80 Mrs. Cyrus Garnsey . . 86 William Goddard ... 89 Thomas Goddard ... 74 Nahum Grout .... 83 Paul Handy 78 Amy, his wife, about. . 90 TOWN OF RICHMOND. 557 George Handy . Ruth, his wife . Nathan Harkness ■ Susanna, his wife John Harkness . Hannah, his wife Elijah Harkness . George Harkness Obed Harkness . Aaron Harkness Anthony Harris . Ruth, his wife . Luke Harris . . Susanna, his wife Stephen Harris . William Hills . Abigail, his wife Nathaniel Hills . 88 84 77 78 84 77 88 72 84 91 81 94 84 85 75 96 88 70 Widow Candace Howe, 70 Paul Jillson . . . Silas Jillson . . . Elizabeth, his wife Paul Jillson, jr. . . Aaron Kelton . . Asahel Kelton . Betsey, his wife . Samuel Kimpton Dorothy, his wife John Martin, sr. Mrs. Wilderness Martin Ezra Martin . Mary, his wife Daniel Martin Joseph Newell Catharine, his wife Joseph Newell, jr. . 71 77 79 71 86 74 78 80 76 75 , 81 71 85 73 71 11 85 Polly, his wife .... 76 Benjamin Newell ... 92 Keziah, his wife . . . 8- Nathaniel Naromore . . 8- Annie, his wife .... 72 Reuben Parker .... 91 Samuel Parker .... 70 Townsend Parker ... 79 Mrs. Timothy Pickering, 79 David Powers .... 83 Stephen Potter .... 97 Reuben Randall ... 91 Levi Randall 83 Huldah, his wife ... 87 William Randall ... 78 Mahala, his wife ... 71 James Raymer .... 75 Mrs. Hubbard Reed . . 80 Henry Rice 72 Abigail, his wife ... 73 Israel Saben, about . . 80 Beulah, his wife, about 80 Obediah Sprague ... 88 Enoch Sprague .... 69 Samuel Sprague ... 84 John Starkey 80 Samuel Starkey .... 78 Thankful, his wife . . . 82 Ballou Swan, living . . 84 Dr. Ebenezer Swan . . 70 Tamasin, his wife ... 83 Jacob Sweet, about . • 75 Ellis Thayer, about . . 80 Mrs. Grindall Thayer . 96 Jeremiah Thayer ... 8- 558 HISTORY OF THE PelegTaft . . . Susanna, his wife Elias Taylor . . Lydia, his wife . Peleg Taft, jr. . Polly, his wife . William Weeks . Richard Weeks . Lydia, his wife . Joseph Weeks . Roswell Weeks . Charles Whipple 85 87 83 73 74 77 82 72 72 84 Dan. Whipple . Elkanah Whipple Rufus Whipple . William Whipple Preserved Whipple Olive, his wife . Russell Whipple Nancy Whipple . Silas Whipple Prusia, his wife . Jacob Whitcomb Phillis, his wife . Isaac Works . . 82 75 84 70 68 94 88 71 84 79 11 83 81 TOWN OF RICHMOND. 559 Q w u < oi oi < J < o ^ I < s fa O o CO « <) CO OS (2| i. CO -a O -S CO A CO ^ "&. o en W U u 01 J5 ■9. '-s <;3 i3 v^ :-^§-- 3 en O s << •^f— (11 ^ 1) S o to < £ o ■< Q 1— 1 c i-H 0) <1 M o 3 _c C s s '? A a o cc CC O 1—1 JO. a u si CO c e o c c o o 1-' *^ "*^ "=^ 5 g •M C m _, C8 o O g c o 13 W 43 ta . CO C ^ lO lO ON O VO N tH M IH M M M 56c HISTORY OF THE « 1 o m XI o o ti 1— > ^ J o CO c s lU ta m (^ >-. C3 a Xi CO 03 O H u - 3 1-j U . " 4- T3 5.5 jT ^r-?! %. V^ ^ CO ^ a !^ '3 3 u M g K&i "0 55 -4 s' II ^ S J3 -c Jeremiah ai William Bai Hezekiah T Enoch Sout Richard Go .— * S -S 3 - u^3 1^ Chris •Jaco Jacob 1-i O>00 00 1-1 00 VO VO Tt- 00 00 «\D t^co -5j- U-1 tJ- CO ■^ ■^OOOOOOOsOON-^t^f^i-'OVO -^co 36 562 HISTORY OF THE ■^ CO ai O CO O O P C/2 s H t^ O M' o M Q Z <1 en a; o O u p 13 ^ C/3 m Si U M ti OJ --3 C3 3 g M O S "^ ti rt « § M 3 ^i^p:;^ u a O (U 'Z'Ph a .'-' 0) ^ u o fe o tn , .S «2 £ pqO O 3 a !3 o 4 ^ O 5 '■S s •1- W ^ a o S m 3 u a 3 -t- fl .5 &^ t: M so ts r ^ -2 r 5 2 — ' 3 U u c« O CE4 Jam Oliv Dan O 5P |5 C3 3 a es •^ -^ -^ 2 o o - .9 o o « U (J U O g^ ^oooo " Oniovovo^o ■^^o^ t^(Si t^\o j:^csooo pr3roa\iot<< !>. C3N 00 N " iH M e<» M TOWN OF RICHMOND. ^6^ 3 be m u a, CO u s c-5 ue-i ■4— tL.u *• 564 HISTORY OF THE m en to P-I Pi u CI en W U -1— t/3 CO 3 a: 1— t 3 c Y B^ > J3 Oh a > H - ^ ^ < ffi IS 3 t— > y. i CO 0) C C u PQ 1-1 pq 3 M u ^^ 2 Q S ^1 < CO 1—1 I) lU 3 ST, rfi 1— > 1 "J h-l 1-1 a w >j H CO H « Z ')-i CO U m w ;3 2 g .2 'iX « 0) H a; t—l ■3 2 a 3! Vh • H CO * 1^ -a 3 E < t^ s >-> J ^ o CO CI t. ;3 cS N W IS O >< KM S - !- C« C ^ o s a. H c o lU cc ti CO '^ o s s << CO 3 -o u 1 &■ >, c cs CO c > OS i- CO 'S " C3 S s u c^ ■ '-'.fcL'r!.-- EM'S - c^^rT-i— com SPhS J3 SoO^S CO S T^' • .• ^ ^ "— * ^ ." 'J ' * '- -T ^ _M « S--'o--„- g ^o. .a .S-S..^--^ tit I '«C53.2° Sh- ^ SS-C.S 1^ i-> M Pi Q i->hii, pq ^£,c/2 h^ O cc J W Q^ . a a *Henry Ingalls. Edmund Ingalls. •Stephen Jillson •Paul Jillson. Jonathan Jillson Thomas Josslyn, William Josslyn James Kingsley. Stephen Kimpto •Stephen Kimpt Abiel Knap. •Paul Knap. « 4 S B * * .S ;-< CS CO en •John Martin, jr Eleazer Martin. •Gideon Man. •Abraham Man. S66 HISTORY OF THE O M rt ^ ,g ^ S ^ ? ^ ^ c^ « .' I S W ^ "^ ^ cfi « D:^ ^Q '^ Pi g S i S I § I I J 13 = 5 w H s § c . i i I ^ s ^ ^ '^ - « .1 H l; • TO CO C3 . ^ K- s ^ ? § s i ^ ^ ^ M l-t l-t TOWN OF RICHMOND. 567 o 55 3 u -a 3 P M M 2 O o "> E i c ^ d O .^ W ^ • S ^ ti i^^ B' J* .2 *^ >,J- " So '-''7^5 -JHS:-s::r< ^tLcsucosta s "^ . S b • • • ~ "2 n c c 3 5 c iJj= 13(iigcccO'a- s ^ rr> a s-^ :HgAS:H«§|.'S ;3 d^sg^ (-( M M l-< M MMM Mt-( W1-. MMI-t l-l M (U U 5: 3 O) bO E a, CA3 C/3 J3 .^ c a, CU c r^ CO < • S^ 568 CO w HISTORY OF THE c o C3 s < V ■1- (U CO ^ ■? a !> CO >^ 3 alvin O. H erGa d s -1— Darl on T ndall C/3 tS r-< W C3 CO 1 ^^ J - .2 Oh O ■> < §^ H M H J PS c 02 . O „ . Od m . O < WW r ^ - ^ . cC CO . ^H ^MO go 5 h o-^Mi^^:« Wm^ .¥ ^ aT N ° ^ ^:sH g ^^ ^^ «tS^a i M < ^►ii^WcfiHJ p:| u P W rt m > 1-5 o s lis lerieil^^lllesl ^. ^r% ": .2 -S £ -S "J H fe -5 H fS >. g ti pj MM NOONMOOON^OnOnOOVONO JOOO ioooo\00-rf-co\OfO>-'V01>-^"io TOWN OF RICHMOND. o ■^' H a o g 569 g p •—I U ' O ^H- M m _: >. I -N -5 S s o u - -S :S fe Ui -M ^ !>■ Pi w ^£,0 u "< ^y N w m ^ a, . "^ • ii ^ « ii. ^ .&2 S.S^ bjj TJ M >-i iH M M M 570 HISTORY OF THE CONCLUSION. In drawing this work to a close we are fully aware that the subject matter which might profitably be in- cluded in a work of this kind is far from being ex- hausted. Much has been omitted which may have been of interest to somebody somewhere, and some items may have been included which may be of no particular interest to anybody ; but the prime object in the beginning we believe has been substantially carried out as fully and as accurately as the means at command would admit. The historical part has been arranged in topics relating to the more important events that have transpired, and reference has been made to the recorded action of the town solely almost for the elucidation and confirmation of the subject under consideration. The introduction of some leg- ends and stories of the olden time, together with a few illustrations of a humorous character, may perhaps be considered a new departure from the ordinary course in such works, but the object in this has been to re- lieve the reader from the tiresomeness incident to the perusal of dry statistics, and also to revive in the mind of the reader the fact that the doings and sayings here ' in the olden time were not altogether of a sombre hue. In the genealogical part it has been our purpose to locate and make brief mention of all the first settlers, so far as we could with the means at hand. For the sake of brevity it has been the intention not to follow families after their removal from town in any full or complete record, as might be desired, but when both parents were of the town, we have ofttimes, by special TOWN OF RICHMOND. 57 1 request, continued the notice beyond the limits in- tended. The few poetical squibs interspersed here and there are such, it is believed, as will give no of- fence to the living, and do no injustice to the dead. The biographical sketches were intended to be con- fined to such persons as seemingly would bear an enlargement of the narrative embraced in their several family connections and not to include residents of the town at the present time, whose obituary notices may be more properly written hereafter. It is believed that the Table of Longevity will be found convenient, showing at a glance some of those that attained three-score years and ten. The list, un- doubtedly, might be much extended by additional- research, which time and space now will not permit. The Table of the First Settlers and some of their Successors, located by lot and range, is a feature of the work which it is hoped will be found useful, not only to those who now own and occupy the land, but to all others who may come after them. Now to the Richmondite, wherever he maybe, with this volume we send greeting, believing that, in a measure, he inherits the traditional hopefulness and courage of the fathers, and is disposed to take, on the whole, a cheerful view of life, and believes, in fact, this to be a very good world, and ever blesses his stars that he was born in old Richmond. William Bassett. APPENDIX. School Districts, Nos. 9, 11, 12, 13, 15, t6 — Thayer*s and Scott's Mills — Biographical and Genealogical, Hosea B. Aldrich — Benzel S. Rice — B. Richardson Randall — Buffum Allen — William Bassett — Jonathan Garnsey — Samuel Atherton — Henry B. Swan — Charles A. Crooker — Silas B. Boyce — William BufEum — James Lovett — Nelson Rawson — John M. Sawyer — Marriages omitted — Finis. A few supplementary items, unintentionally omitted in the arti- cles pertaining to School-houses and School-Districts, to Mills, and to Biographical Sketches, which may add some interest to the work, are herein inserted. SCHOOL DISTRICTS. District No. 9. The first school-house in this district was located near the forks of the Benson and Bowen road, with the "Mill Road" (so called). This was moved to a lot on the north side of the road leading to the Crane place, and there served the purposes of the district until 1877, when the present house of commodious dimensions and modern improvements was erected on a lot a little south of the dwelling of Amos E. Cummings. The house cost $800, and was paid for by the following tax-payers, some of whom were formerly owners or residents in District No. 12, which was annexed to this, about this time, viz. : — Abbot & Martin, Ozial Ballou, Willie J. Ballou, Abner S. Barden, Benjamin Bowen, Geo. M. Bowen, Nathan Bowen, Zimri Bowen, Edwin Bolles, Jesse BoUes, Esther Chase, Charles T. Fisher, Ken- dall Fisher, Nathaniel B. Fisher, Andrew J. Frazier, Burton W. Goodnough, Daniel W. Hubbard, Horace Merrifield, Martin T. Nash, Noah Perry, Joseph Swan, Jacob Boyce, Abigail W. Gage, James Harkness, Geo. F. Lane & Son, Thomas A. Randall, Wm. W. Strickland, Willard White. 574 APPENDIX. District No. 11. The district formerly known as No. ii embraced the territory from Silas Jillson's to Daniel Cass', and never had, so far as is now known, any school-house within its limits. Schools herein were kept formerly at the Verney Gaskill house, at Col. Jillson's, and sometimes at other places. This district was annexed to District No. 13 a short time before the new school-house was built in that district. District No. 12. The district in which Reuben Randall and Nath. Boom formerly lived was known as No. 12. Schools here were kept in dwelling- houses until about 1830, when a small house was built on the east side of the road north of Boorn's. This was used until about the time when the new house was built in No. 9, when it was annexed to the same. District No. 18. This district formerly extended from the Woodward place, on the north, to the Wilderness Martin place, on the south, taking in the George Handy farm ; about 1850 it was enlarged by the annexation of Districts Nos. 11 and 15 to the same. The old school-house stood near the corner north of the Stephen Boorn house, and was used until the present house was built, in 1853. The new house, situated on the north side of the main road, a few rods west of the old one, was considered a model of construction at the time it was built; it cost $706.32, as appears by the records. The tax-payers of the new house were as follows, viz. : — Lilburn Allen, $27 06 Elisha Harkness, $41 S3 Moses A. Allen, 18 93 Silas Jillson, 14 44 Paul F. Aldrich, S3 84 Wheaton C. Jillson, 22 66 Nathan Bowen, 27 82 Danvers Martin, SI 40 Richard Bowen, 46 88 Nahum Putney, 18 40 Lysander Ballou, 366 Jacob Whitcomb, 62 00 Henry Ballou, 13 41 Noah Miles, 4 S8 Daniel Bassett, 366 Anthony S. Whitcomb, i6 64 Elisha Bassett, 35 24 Henry C. Nichols, 3 30 Jesse Bolles, 24 71 Silas White, 6 66 Elisha Bolles, 4 28 David Thompson, 30 26 Joanna Bowen, 2 72 Ebenezer Swan, 2 27 Joseph Estabrook, 12 06 Nathan Whipple, I S3 Geo. Handy, 40 68 Silas Whipple, i8 32 Bowman Howe, 32 56 Silas Whipple, jr., 49 S3 Benj. Heyward, 9 16 Jacob Whitcomb, jr.. 6 II APPENDIX. 575 District No. 15. That part of the town known formerly as the " Boyce Neighbor- hood " constituted District No. 15. About 1845, Robert Boyce and others built a small school-house south of his house, which was used a short time, but was soon given up, and the district was annexed to No. 13. District No. 16. This is the middle-of-the-town district, and was disannexed from District No. 6 in 1846. The territory embraced in the same is quite limited, extending only from the Bill Buffum place to the Nath. Taft farm. The school-house was built near the Universalist Church, about 1847. MILLS. The saw-mill formerly known as Thayer's Mills, near the Win- chester line, and now owned by Amos W. Lawrence, was built by Uriah Thayer, about 1830. The Scott Mills, formerly in this town, but now within the terri- torial limits of Winchester, were operated some years ago by Alvan Scott, who probably was not the original builder of the same. , BIOGRAPHICAL AND GENEALOGICAL. Hosea B. Aldrich lived, while in town, on his father's place. He removed to Fitchburg about 1868, and after remaining there a few years removed to East Jaffrey, where he still resides. He served on the Board of Selectmen several times, and was twice chosen a representative to the General Court. He is by trade a carpenter. Denzel S. Rice m. Belle Dawson, of Wright Co., Iowa, and by her had Henry, Myrte, and Amie. He was a carpenter, and also a photographer. He resided a few years in Iowa, but returned and settled in East Jaffrey, where he died, June 8, 1882. The family returned to Iowa. D. Richardson Randall, son of Joseph, was born in town, but re- moved to McDonough, N. Y., with his father's family, when about five years of age ; became a distinguished lawyer in Wilkesbarre, Pa., where he practised for some years, and was finally elected Judge of one of the District Courts of Pennsylvania. He died a few years ago, in the prime of his manhood and usefulness, much lamented, 576 APPENDIX. Buffum Allen, son of Moses, jr., was a lover of learning. He early became a teacher, and removed to Lynn, Mass., where he died comparatively young. William Bassett (not the author of this work, but the son of Artemas Bassett) was, probably, one of the best natural scholars the town has produced. Possessed of a remarkably retentive mem- ory, he was able to commit whole chapters of the Bible by once reading. He became celebrated as a teacher, and was also a recom-' mended minister among " Friends," to which society he belonged. He died at Glens Falls, N. Y.,'when about thirty years of age. Jonathan Garnsey, son of William Garnsey, sr., born 1790, was a successful teacher in town about 1810. He studied medicine, and became a practising physician in St. Louis, where he died about 1836. His brother Sylvanus was also a physician, and settled in the State of New York. Samuel Aiherton — Jonathan — Jonathan — removed to Winches- ter with his father's family. He m. a Miss Greenwood, by whom he had a dr., who d. in early womanhood. He was interested in mili- tary matters and was captain of the Richmond Grenadiers, and after his removal was colonel of the Sixth N. H. Reg. He practised auctioneering for some years, for which profession he had a natural adaptation. He died quite suddenly a few years ago. Henry B. Stuan, who removed to Winchester about forty years ago, has been one of the more enterprising business men of the town of his adoption ; has been largely engaged in the manufacture of palm leaf, and in making palm-leaf hats ; he has undoubtedly acquired a competency in the business. Charles A. Crooker, early in life, had a predilection for the sea, and soon after his majority engaged in the whaling business, from New Bedford. He arose through the various grades of the service until he was promoted to the position of captain of a ship. In the latter capacity he was unfortunate, in that the ship was lost — wrecked, it is reported, on his first voyage as commander. After this, when the civil war commenced, he was in the government service as sailing master in the navy. Has been m., and was, at last accounts, residing in New Bedford. Silas B. Boyce, son of Thomas, was engaged in land surveying here for a while after his marriage. The superior mathematical qualifications he possessed, which may have been largely inherited APPENDIX. 577 from his maternal grandfather, Silas Ballon, must have made the profession of civil engineering congenial, of easy acquirement, and of efficiency in practice. He was for several years engaged in some business in Oswego, N. Y., where he has now two daughters living. He removed a few years since to Grand Rapids, Mich., where he now resides ; his wife d. some )'ears ago. William Buffum, more generally known as Bill Buffum, was quite well known to the citizens of sixty years ago. In natural abilities he was undoubtedly not inferior to either of his brothers, and, but for an unfortunate casualty, would undoubtedly have been one of the more useful and prominent citizens of the town. The mishap which caused his insanity, as related by his daughter Sarah, is, that one evening, after closing the store of which he had charge, in the middle of the town, he repaired with some others to the tavern, kept by Lemuel Peters, and spent an hour or two in Conviviality with certain boon companions ; and that, in leaving the house in company with an irate and pugnacious individual, he re- ceived a blow which prostrated him on the stone door-steps. So violent was the collision that his skull was fractured by the fall on ii corner of one of the stones, and that partial insanity was induced thereby. This condition attended him during tfie remainder of his life. His insanity at times assumed various manifestations ; now he was a military hero, rigged out with cap and feathers, and other trappings, which would have eclipsed the costume of King Boraba, or cast into the shade the paraphernalia of Holofernes; and then again he would assume the role of hotel or saloon keeper, and as such he erected, near- the corner of the Sprague road with the Turnpike, two shanties — one a dug-out; these were quite well supplied with beverages such as were in demand by the travelling public. Lastly, he appeared to be a hermit, and as such retired to a cave on the north side of the Buffum hill ; here he became more reticent, rarely making any conversation, whereas, when he was a military man, or a saloon keeper, he was exceedingly loqua- cious, and his remarks were so well spiced with witticisms and jokes that his presence always afforded material for merriment with the young,. and melancholy pleasure for the aged. James Lovett, probably from Shutesbury, Mass., resided in a house which was on or near the present residence of Danford W. Martin, in Guinea (so called). Was a maker of the old-fashioned dining chairs. Had five children, viz. : John, Milton, Maria, Emeline, m. Hunt; and Emily, m. Nathan Bliss of Royalston. He d. about :83s. 578 APPENDIX. Nelson Raiuson, an illegitimate son of Anne Whipple, lived with Enoch Whipple, who m. his mother. He died, without en- tailing any particular loss on the community, about 1838. John M. Sawyer, probably from Boylston, Mass., or vicinity, bought the mills in N. Richmond about 1832. He lived in the house now owned by Silas O. Martin, until about 1846, when he removed to Winchester. Had several children. He died a few years ago. MARRIAGES OMITTED. Edwin E. Amadon to Anna I. Smith, June 5, 1872. Alfred E. Barrus to Sarah L. Morse, Nov. 18, 1869. George A. Barrus to Stella C. Hale, April 23, 1870. Edgar L. Barrus to Ella M. Marsh, Aug. 37, 1870. Franklin Ball to Susan L. Bullock, Aug. 10, 1845. Albert J. Bowen to Ada M. Royleigh, Dec. 24, 1873. Edwin Bolles to Lydia Ashcroft, no date. Ira C. Fisher to Susan Putney, March 18, 1874; ^""^ to S. Frances Whipple, Nov. 5, 1875. Alvin H. Perry to Clara J. Brown, Nov. 24, 1870. Henry J. Putney to Louisa J. Dingman, no date. George W. Putney to Ella A. Davis, Dec. 9, 1876. Charles St. Clair to Abbie S. Whitney, of Royalston. Frank P. St. Clair to Clara J. Tupper, March 13, 1872. Francis M. Taylor to Maria L. Terrill, no date. Benjamin O. Williams to Louisa M. Scott, Aug. 17, 1848. ■ Hiram C. Walker to Fanny H. Martin, Sept. 9, 1844. This work must now go forth as done. While the story told is just begun.