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lOA/ 
 
NEHEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 HISTORICAL NOTICES. 
 
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 )538 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES 
 
 OF EVENTS OCCUKEING CHIEFLY IN 
 
 THE REIGN OF CHARLES L 
 
 BY NEHEMIAH WALLINGTON, 
 
 OP ST. LEONARD'S, EASTOIIEAP, LONDON. 
 
 EDITED FROM THE ORIGINAL MSS. WITH NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 IN TWO VOLUMES. 
 YOL. II. 
 
 LONDON: 
 EICHAKl) BENTLEY, NEW BUELINGTON STEEET, 
 JBulJIt^jEr fn (Brtsimvs to |§w M^]tstyi. 
 • ' 1869. ' 
 
Am-'^IS^'? 
 
 PKIKTliD UY VlLUAil LU)\\ ) ^ AM) SON^, DUhl' &1KLH, S1A31I0IID STRELT, 
 AND f ilAIUMi CllOfi \ 
 
 V <J /i rji t . I I 
 
CONTENTS OP THE SECOND VOLUME. 
 
 CHAPTER XXIII. 
 
 PAGS 
 
 Of Petitions, and the Manner of their Comino; 1 
 
 CHAPTEE XXIV. 
 
 • Of the Passages of several Things in the Week in Parliament . . 22 
 
 CHAPTER XXV. 
 
 Of the Plots of the Wicked against the Godly 34 
 
 CHAPTER XXVI. 
 
 A Preservation of Four Worthy and Honourahle Peers of this 
 Kingdom, and some others. Of the Plots of the Wicked 
 against the Godly {continued') 54 
 
 CHAPTEE XXVir. 
 
 Copy of a Letter from Hull. Sir John Hotham's Speech to the 
 Knights' Meeting at York. The King declareth himself on 
 Heworth Moor. A Letter from York. Heavy and Sad Times 
 with the Poor People of God. God gives Victory to His People 65 
 
 CHAPTER XXVIII. 
 
 Pillaging and Plundering. The Setting up of the King's Standard 
 at Nottingham. The Mercy of the Wicked is Cruelty ; what 
 then is their Cruelty? God's Wonderful Preserving some 
 Houses from Burning. Great Cruelty and Plundering. That 
 Malignant Party is further strengthened 85 
 
vi CONTENTS OF THE SECOND VOLUME. 
 
 CHAPTER XXIX. 
 
 f PAGE 
 
 Skirmish at Worcester. God's Wonderful Preserving the Town of 
 Manchester. A Pew to overcome Many. Heavy and Sad 
 Times in Plundering and Pillaging 104 
 
 CHAPTEE XXX. 
 
 Marlborough's Miseries. Plundering of the Counties of North- 
 ampton and Warwick. Bibles and other Good Books burned at 
 Eeading. Prince Rupert's Taking of Cirencester . . . .127 
 
 CHAPTER XXXI. 
 
 A Memorial of Great Storms of Rain, of Thunder, and Lightning. 
 Strange Sights in the Air 148 
 
 CHAPTER XXXII. 
 
 The Wonderful Work of God in the Guidance of Bullets. Battle 
 of Edge Hill 152 
 
 CHAPTER XXXIII. 
 
 Plunderings and Pillagings (continued'). Cruelty used to Prisoners 
 at Oxford. Ireland and the Irish Rebels. More Savage Cruelties 
 and Extreme Miseries 158 
 
 CHAPTER XXXIV. 
 
 Savage Cruelties in Bristol. Of the Cruel Plundering and Pirino- 
 the Town of Ockingham, in Berkshire 178 
 
 CHAPTER XXXV. 
 
 Notes. Of openly Profaning the Lord's Day by Prince Rupert and 
 the Cavaliers 192 
 
 CHAPTER XXXVI. 
 
 Tlie Miseries of Ireland since the Cessation. Ireland and the Irish 
 Rebels. Ireland's Lamentation for the late Cessation . . . 195 
 
CONTENTS OF THE SECOND VOLUME. vii 
 
 CHAPTER XXXVII. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 A Judgment upon Organs 211 
 
 CHAPTEE XXXVIII. 
 
 Cruelties and Miseries. The Cruelty of the Irish shewn to the 
 Inhabitants of Bristol. More Cruelties and Miseries . . . 213 
 
 CHAPTEE XXXIX. 
 
 Of the Cruelty of the King's Army in the West. Of the Sad and 
 Heavy Condition of Many of God's Children in Lincolnshire 
 and Lancashire. Of the Miseries in Staffordshire. Of the Great 
 Fire in Oxford. Notes 228 
 
 CHAPTEE XL, 
 
 Parliament Occurrences. Some Part of the Life and Plots of the 
 Lord Macguire. The Cruel Plundering of the Town of Bir- 
 mingham. Outrage on a Minister in the Pulpit. Wickedness 
 and Cruelty in our own Armies. Cruelties in Skellum Gran- 
 ville's Armies 244 
 
 CHAPTEE XLI. 
 Cruelly Plundering Progress 255 
 
 CHAPTEE XLII. 
 
 Goring's Cruelty in Devonshire. Sad Condition of the People in 
 Cornwall. Sad News from Ireland 273 
 
 CHAPTEE XLIII. 
 
 Beheading of the King ■ ■ 279 
 
 APPENDIX 281 
 
NEHEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 HISTOEICAL NOTICES. 
 
 XXIII. 
 
 Op Petitions, and the Manner op their Coming. 
 
 After intelligence was given to Buchinghamshire ^ 
 men that Mr. Hampden, being Knight of that Shire, 
 the Lord Mandeville, Mr. Pym, Sir Arthur Haselrigg, 
 Sir Denzil Hollis, and Mr. Stroud, were impeached 
 of high treason by His Majesty, moreover that His 
 Majesty intended to have then^ committed to the 
 Tower thereof, they were all unanimously resolved 
 to petition to the King and Parliament on the 
 behalf of them all ; the news was transported into 
 the Shire, but last Friday, late at night, and warrants 
 being given out to certify the county of the same, five 
 thousand were presently assembled, and presented 
 themselves submissively to go with the petition to 
 London ; and, if they had longer time, there would 
 
 ' Prom a pamphlet entitled " The Parliament's Answer to the Petition 
 of the County of Buckingham. . . . With the manner of their coming 
 through London to the Parliament House. — Printed the 13th of January 
 1642." 
 
 VOL. II. B 
 
2 NEHEMIAE WALLINOTON'S 
 
 have been three times more. But the petition being 
 made, and these men ready attending the same, 
 approaching near the aspect of the city of London, 
 where they came through St. Leonard's Shoreditch, 
 thi*ough Bishopgate, and so through Cheapside on- 
 ward to Westminster, there was above three thousand 
 on horseback, every man with his protestation in 
 his hand, intimating that they had a petition to 
 present to the Honourable Court ; the others were 
 on foot ; but they reached in all from the Exchange 
 to Newgate, three and four in a rank, coming to 
 Westminster; they acquainted the House of their 
 petition, and humbly presented it unto them, where 
 they had afterward at the conference of both Houses 
 a correspondent answer given to them respectively. 
 On Thursday the 20^A of January, the humble 
 petition of the Knights, Gentlemen, Ministers, and 
 other Inhabitants of the County of Essex, was 
 delivered into the House of Parliament, wherein, 
 after their acknowledgement of our care and pains, 
 they desired a happy Eeformation in Religion, 
 And, because they conceived that the Popish Lords, 
 Bishops, and others, were a chief hindrance of the 
 success, they desired that their votes might be taken 
 out of the Lords' House. This was delivered in the 
 House with a long speech by a lawyer of that 
 County, with the tender (of ) laying down their lives 
 and estates for the defence of the privileges of Par- 
 liaments, when they should be thereunto required ; 
 the Speaker was ordered to call them in, and to give 
 them thanks for their expression of care and affection ; 
 
HISTORIUAL NOTICES. 3 
 
 to say that we will be as ready to forward the Ee- 
 formation of Eeligion, and their freedom and Hberty, 
 and that with all convenient speed, will take their 
 petition into consideration.^ 
 
 There was likewise a petition from Gloucester 
 complaining of the disturbance of trade in clothing, 
 to the impoverishing of many thousands, by reason 
 of the present distractions ; this petition was like- 
 wise read, and they answered that, in due time, 
 it should \)Q taken into consideration. Many 
 thousands flock to London to deliver many petitions 
 of this nature. 
 
 Monday, the 24th of January, both Houses of 
 Parliament met at Westminster, and there w-ere 
 several petitions preferred, as, namely : the petition 
 of the Knights, Gentlemen, Ministers, and other 
 inhabitants of the county of Essex ; and a petition 
 of the Barons, Justices, and Gentlemen of the 
 County of Devonshire,^ which [had] above two 
 thousand hands to it of the Gentry and Treeholders ; 
 and a petition of the Mayor, Aldermen, and Com- 
 mon Councilmen of the city of Exeter. Another 
 from the county of Middlesex,''' and another from 
 Somersetshire,^ aU of them being to this effect, 
 humbly praying and desiring that the Bishops and 
 Popish Lords might have no votes in the Lords' 
 House, and that a Reformation in Eeligion might go 
 forward ; and to maintain the privilege of Parlia- 
 ment, the putting of the kingdom into a posture of 
 
 " See Diurnall Occurrences. ' See Perfect Diurnall. 
 
 * Ibid. = Ibid. 
 
 B 2 
 
4 NEHEMIAE WALLINGTON'S 
 
 defence, the securing the Cinque Fortes, and the 
 speedy sending of aid to Ireland, the liberty of the 
 subject, arid the King's prerogative. 
 
 Tuesday, the 25th of January, the Parliament 
 received a petition from the County of Hertford,^ 
 above four thousand of the Knights, and Gentry, 
 and Freeholders of that County^ desiring that evil 
 counsellors may be removed from His Majesty, the 
 Fopish Lords and Bishops out of the Lords' House, 
 the Fapists disarmed throughout the kingdom, the 
 kingdom put into a posture of defence, the forts and 
 strength of this put into safe hands, and the speedy 
 sending of relief to Ireland. And that they would 
 be ready to hazard their lives and estates for the 
 defence of the King and the Parliament, and would 
 maintain the privileges of the same, and, in special, 
 those noble Lords and gentlemen in both Houses 
 now happily met, whose endeavours are all for the 
 public good, and the safety of the king and king- 
 dom, and withal desiring that those Lords and 
 gentlemen may have liberty to protest against all 
 those enemies to this kingdom and State, who re- 
 fuse to join with those honourable Lords and House 
 of Commons for the putting of the kingdom into 
 the way of safety under the command of such 
 persons as the Parliament shall appoint; which 
 petition was received with many thanks from both 
 Houses, and promising with all conveniency to give 
 them answer thereunto. 
 
 There was also a petition preferred by the Lord 
 
 ° See Perfect DiurnalL 
 
EISTOBICAL NOTICES. 5 
 
 Mayor and Aldermen, and Common Councilmen of 
 London ' to the House of Commons, which petition 
 was of great weight, laying open many great 
 grievances now undergone by them, which were 
 unsupportable ; this petition was carried up to the 
 Lords by a conference, where Mr. Pym did declare 
 to the Lords the whole substance of the petition, 
 making a speech of an hour long upon it, for which 
 he was much applauded. 
 
 Monday, the 31st of January, a petition from the 
 Inhabitants of the County of Suffolk,^ to the number 
 of fifteen hundred, against the votes of Popish Lords 
 and Bishops in the House of Peers, was delivered, 
 and an answer given approving their care and endea- 
 vour for the public good, with a promise that the 
 House of Commons will use all their endeavours 
 for the obtaining their desires. Another petition 
 of a thousand poor people, tradesmen in and about 
 London, to the effect of the former, shewing that 
 the distractions and fears conceived by the not going 
 ' forward of the Reformation intended, was the cause 
 of the decay of trading, whereby they were not able 
 to get bread for themselves and family, was delivered, 
 and answered that the House of Commons were in 
 consideration of those things whereof they com- 
 plained. The poor people replied that they doubted 
 not the care of the House of Commons ; but they 
 heard that all stuck in the House of Lords by reason 
 of the votes of Popish Lords and Bishops there, and 
 they desired to know the names of those Peers that 
 
 ' See Perfect DiurnaU. ' See Diurnall Occurrences. 
 
6 NEHEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 hindered the good agreement betwixt the good Lords 
 and the Commons. This they pressed with such 
 earnestness that they unwillingly did withdraw, 
 while the Commons' House were in consultation. 
 Afterwards, they were called in, and this answer 
 given, That the House of Commons have endea- 
 voured, and still continue, and they douht not but 
 when they have represented their petition and 
 speeches to the Lords, which the House of Commons 
 promised presently to do, the causes of their evil 
 will be found out, and some speedy course resolved 
 upon for their relief; desiring them with patience 
 to attend a further answer. 
 
 " The same day in the Lords' House there was 
 a petition delivered to the Lords by a company of 
 women, containing their wants and necessities, by 
 reason of the great decay of trading, occasioned by 
 the present distempers and distractions of the State, 
 and composing of differences between the two Houses 
 of Parliament ; that the Commons' House they con- 
 ceive have done what in them lay to relieve them, and 
 redress their grievances; but, that such opposition 
 being made in the Lords' House, which is a great 
 hindrance to their real intentions in their proceedings 
 to perfect the same, that religion may be established, 
 and present aid and assistance transported into Ire- 
 land for the relief of the distressed, Protestants."' 
 
 " In the afternoon there came to the Lords' House 
 one of the Sheriffs of London, with a message from 
 
 ' From True Diurnall Occurrences, Averred ty R. P. Gierke. London, 
 1642. See Appendix, Note AAA. 
 
SISTORICAL NOTICES. 7 
 
 the Lord Maj^or of the city, intimating they had 
 received intelligence from France that the French 
 King had commanded all the havens and ports of 
 that kingdom to be shut, and that all the English 
 ships on that coast should be stopped." '" 
 
 Wednesday, February the 2nd, In the House of 
 Commons was delivered a humble petition of fifteen 
 thousand poor labouring men, known by the name 
 of porters, and the lowest members of the city of 
 London ; this petition was much like the former." 
 The next day was brought two men, who were 
 abettors of the tumult, when Cheapside Cross was 
 defaced, and were committed. ^^ 
 
 Thursday, the 3rd of February, a great number of 
 Knights, Gentlemen, Ministers, and others of the 
 Inhabitants of the county of Surrey,^^ came into 
 London with petitions to both Houses of Parlia- 
 ment, who presented them to the Committees in 
 Merchant Taylors Hall ; but they were deferred 
 until the next day, the Parliament sitting then 
 at Westminster. And then the petitions for the 
 County of Surrey were delivered, for taking away of 
 Bishops and their Government, the sequestering of 
 Eomish Lords from the Lords' House, a form of 
 service in the Church enacted and established, as 
 may be convenient for the preservation of the purity 
 of religion, and the abolishment of superfluous cere- 
 monies ; the settling their country in a posture of 
 war, for the defence and safety thereof. 
 
 " From True Diurnall Occurrences. " See Diurnall Occurrences. 
 '2 Appendix, Note BBB. ^ See Diurnall Occurrences. 
 
8 NEHEMIAE WALLINGTON'S 
 
 Mark the judgement of God upon one that stood 
 in defence of plays, and to maintain them. 
 
 This Thursday the 3rd of February, in the House 
 of Commons there was a complaint made against 
 play-houses, and a motion made for the putting of 
 them down. Then stood up Sir Peter Lighs and 
 said that he would spend his blood in defence for 
 the plays, before they should go down, or some 
 words to the like effect ; then afterwards, he, being 
 at a play, he hurled a piece of tobacco-pipe at a 
 man, thinking he had known him • but, being mis- 
 taken, they fell out in words, and so challenged one 
 another, and he was slain presently. And so you 
 may see his being at a play was the cause of his 
 blood to be shed. 
 
 Tuesday, the 8th of February, a petition from the 
 Knights, Gentlemen, and Freeholders of the County 
 of Kent " was brought to the House, acknowledging 
 the great care and pains of the House of Commons 
 for their liberties in Religion and estates. Aild also, 
 a copy of another petition to the Lords, praying 
 their conjunction with the House of Commons in 
 the removal of the Popish Lords and Bishops out of 
 the House of Peers, and evil counsellors from the 
 King, and the redeeming of the privileges of Parlia- 
 ment. Both which were read aloud, and they thanked 
 for their care, and their tender of service of defence 
 with their lives and fortunes, and these petitions 
 were ordered to be entered into the Journal Book.^^ 
 
 '* See jDmrnaK Oceurrences. 
 
 "' See Bmhworth, part iii. vol. i. p. 135, 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 9 
 
 These Kentish men I did see myself come up 
 Fish Street Hill, many hundred of them, on horse- 
 back, with their protestations sticking in their hats 
 and girdles ; they came in order, three in a rank, 
 first the Knights, and Gentlemen, then about twenty 
 Ministers, then the other horse and footmen. 
 
 Wednesday, the ^th of February, a petition was 
 delivered to both Houses by the clothiers of SuffoW^ 
 and part of Essex, about a thousand coming with 
 them, which, for the most part, was consonant to 
 the Kentish petition delivered the day before, and 
 received answer alike, for they prayed also that scan- 
 dalous Ministers and the Popish Lords and Bishops 
 voted in the Lords' House might be removed. 
 
 A petition was delivered to the House of Com- 
 mons from the inhabitants of Cleveland, in Yorkshire, 
 concerning the securing of the papists, and settling 
 of the Militia for defence. The House was turned 
 into a Committee to go on with the Bill for securing 
 of the papists, and the nomination of places for their 
 confinement. 
 
 Thursday, the 10th of February, a petition was 
 presented to the House by the inhabitants of the 
 county of Lincoln. 
 
 Another petition from the Knights, Gentlemen, 
 Ministers, subsidy-men, and Free-holders of the 
 county of Oxford,^'' with a copy of another to be 
 presented to the Lords. 
 
 Another petition from Northamptonshire " was pre- 
 sented by Knights and Grentlemen of that county, 
 
 '° See Diumall Occurrences, TSo. 6. " Ibid. '* Ibid. 
 
10 NEEEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 with the copy of another to be presented to the 
 Lords, to all which thanks were given for their care 
 of the general good, and particularly for their respect 
 to the House of Commons, with promise of their 
 endeavours to fulfil their desires. 
 
 Their petition was, as the former petitions, for 
 the redress of grievances, as removal of scandalous 
 Ministers, and placing others in tlieir room, for the 
 disarming of papists, &c., which, being read and 
 somewhat scanned, answer was given to the pre- 
 ceding. 
 
 Friday, the 11th. of February, was a petition 
 delivered to his Majesty at Greenwich, "by the 
 clothiers of Suffolk and Essex, complaining of the 
 deadness of trade, in respect they had no vent for 
 their clothes, having many thousand pounds worth 
 lying upon their hands, to the great impoverishing 
 of themselves, and the poor of those counties, whom 
 they daily employed. His Majesty himself gave 
 answer unto the petition. That he had considered of 
 their petition, and hath sent it to the Parliament.'"^ 
 
 Friday, the 11th of Fehruary, " both houses being 
 met, the members sent by them to his Majesty, who 
 returned answer that his Majesty was pleased to 
 give way to the passing of the Bills concerning the 
 Bishops, votes, and pluralities, and touching their 
 desire of the removing of the Lieutenant of the 
 Tower, and the Militia of the Kingdom, because 
 he would remove the fears and jealousies of his 
 subjects." '» 
 
 ■° See Diurnall Occv/rfences, No. 6. ™ From Diurnall Occurrences. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. ]1 
 
 Saturday, the 12tli of February, the Company of 
 silk throwsters presented a petition to the House 
 declaring the obstructions of their trade through 
 the distractions of the times. 
 
 The Bailiffs, Citizens, Portreeves, and others, of 
 the city of Ipswich presented a petition to the House 
 of Commons of like nature to the former petition. 
 And the Seamen and Sailors to the number of two 
 thousand and eight hundred of Ipswich, presented 
 another petition to the House, both which were 
 read, approved, and they received thanks by the 
 Speaker, and a promise to take the particulars of 
 their petition into a speedy consideration. 
 
 Another petition brought to both Houses by 
 the Knights, Esquires, Gentlemen, and Freeholders, 
 and many Thousands of the Inhabitants of War- 
 wickshire and the City of Coventry, tending much 
 to the same effect as the former ; some of the chief 
 being admitted into the House, had thanks given 
 them, promising this petition should be taken into 
 consideration. 
 
 The Knights, Citizens, and Burgesses, are ordered 
 to bring in the Names of Ministers of every County, 
 who are to consider of the means and ways to settle 
 the Government of the Church, and the rites ^' and 
 ceremonies thereof. 
 
 Tuesday the 15th oi February ihexe was delivered 
 a petition from the County of Leicester (near a thou- 
 sand of that County being come to Town that day) 
 which petition for the most part insisted, as former 
 
 2> Rights. 
 
12 NEHEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 petitions, upon a Eeformation of Abuses in Religion, 
 and putting the Kingdom into a posture of defence, 
 and when after some debate thereupon they gave 
 answer that as much as in them lay, and with what 
 expedition they could, redress should be had. 
 
 "The Committee of the Lords and Commons 
 appointed to discover and prevent evil Counsellors 
 about his Majesty, voted certain heads which were 
 reported and voted in the House of Commons. 
 
 "1. That his Majesty be desired that all privy 
 counsellors and great officers of state (except such 
 as had their places by inheritance) be removed. 
 
 "2. That his Majesty would be pleased to receive 
 none into those places but only such as shall be 
 recommended by the humble advice of both Houses 
 of Parliament. 
 
 " 3, That all whose names shall be presented 
 to his Majesty by both Houses of Parliament, shall 
 have access to the persons of the King and Queen. 
 
 " 4. That Mr. William Murray, Endimion Porter, 
 Lord Dighy, Mr. William Crofts, and Sir John 
 Winter, be removed from the persons of the King 
 and Queen, as conceived to give dangerous counsel."^^ 
 
 Thursday, 17th February, Divers from the county 
 of Sussex^ (near upon three thousand being come 
 to town) delivered petitions to both houses, wherein 
 they prayed, the fortification and guard of the 
 sea coast and forts in those parts, lying naked to 
 an invasion, with other things agreeable to former 
 
 2^ From A ContinmUon of the True Diumall of Passages in Par- 
 liament. 28 J^j^_ 
 
EISTORIOAL NOTICES. 13 
 
 petitions, as reformation of abuses in the Church, 
 which took up some time to consider of. 
 
 That day, "An Act for suppressing of Divers 
 innovations in Churches and Chapels in and about 
 the worship of Grod, the abolishing of superstitious 
 and idolatrous practices, the better observation of 
 the Lord's Day, and for setting up of preaching and 
 preachers, &c., being read the second time, was com- 
 mitted."^* I myself did see the coming of these 
 Sussex men up Fish Street Hill. There was about 
 three thousand of them in all, most of them on 
 horseback. 
 
 On Saturday the 19 th of February, " A petition 
 was delivered to the house by the Knights, Gentle- 
 men, Ministers, and freeholders of the County of 
 Dorset, against Popish Lords and Prelates, &c., which 
 was read, reported, and thanks given to them for 
 their care and respect of the public good of the 
 kingdom, and for the expression of love to the 
 House." '^ 
 
 Praise the Lord, and call upon His Name, declare 
 His Works among the people: Remember His mar- 
 vellous works that He hath done. He is the Lord 
 our God, His judgements are through all the earth. 
 — 1 Chron. xvi. 8. 
 
 Praise ye the Lord for the avenging of Israel, and 
 for the people that offered themselves willingly. — 
 udges v. 2. 
 
 As the people of the Lord hath fasted and peti- 
 tioned to the great God of Heaven and earth for a 
 
 " From A Continuation of the True Diumall, &c. ** Ibid. 
 
14 NEEEMIAH WALLINOTON'S 
 
 Reformation both in Church and Commonwealth, 
 so now here are the names of those petitions that 
 I do keep by me for the generations to come, that 
 they may see and behold what our God hath done 
 in the stirring up the people of all counties, and 
 of all sorts, high and low, rich and poor, of both 
 sexes, men and women, old and young, bond and 
 free, both in the cities and countries, for to go up 
 to Westminster, to both the Houses of the Honor- 
 able Court of Parliament with their petitions for the 
 removing of those great obstacles ^° that lie in the way 
 (as are evil Counsellors about the King, and Popish 
 Lords and Bishops out of the House of Peers, and 
 such like) which hinders that blessed Eeformation 
 both of Church and Commonwealth, which we have 
 so long hoped and laboured for. 
 
 This is the work of the Lord, and it is marvellous 
 in my eyes. 
 
 1. Pirst, this city oi London petition, in Decemher 
 the 11th, 1641, subscribed with the names of above 
 twenty Thousand, by Aldermen, Aldermen's Deputies, 
 Merchants, Common Councilmen, and many others 
 of great rank and fashion to the number of four 
 hundred, who were selected to deliver the petition ; 
 all riding out of the City of London in fifty coaches 
 or thereabouts, to the Parliament House. The 
 House hearing of their coming, gave admittance to 
 a hundred of them, and did receive the petition 
 of Mr. Fookes, Merchant, who related to the Honor- 
 able Assembly that he could have brought them as 
 
 2' Obstrootickles. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 15 
 
 many persons as there were liands to the petition, 
 but that he judged it not fit to come thither in a 
 tumultuous manner. And he did declare some in- 
 terruption was given them by iU. affected persons 
 in London about subscribing of hands ; and so with- 
 drew themselves. In the interim, the petition was 
 read in the House. And then they were called in 
 again •, they being come in, the Honorable Assembly 
 certified unto them that their petition was very 
 lovingly and thankfully accepted of, with reality of 
 afiections ; promising them that they would take the 
 several branches of their petition into consideration, 
 giving them order (likewise) to present the Names 
 of such ill-aflfected persons as did hinder or dis- 
 courage them in seeking to redress their grievance 
 in so lawful a way, and a strict order should be taken 
 with them. 
 
 2. In December the 20th, 1641, there was a peti- 
 tion of sundry Ministers. 
 
 3. In December the 23rd, 1641, there was a peti- 
 tion of the Apprentices, and those whose time of 
 Apprenticeship are lately expired in and about the 
 City of London.'^'' 
 
 4. In January thfe 5th, 1641, Divers Knights 
 and Gentlemen and Freeholders of Buckinghamshire 
 men met, about five thousand, to go up to London. 
 Coming to Westminster, they acquainted the House 
 of their petition, and humbly presented it unto them, 
 where afterward they had an Answer given to them 
 respectively. 
 
 '" See Appendix, Mute YY. 
 
16 NEEEMIAE WALLINO TON'S 
 
 5. Essex petition. 
 
 6. Gloucester petition. 
 
 7. Devonshire petition. 
 
 8. The City of Exeter petition. . 
 
 9. The County of Middlesex petition, 
 
 10. The County of Hertford petition. 
 
 11. The Lord Mayor, Aldermen, and Common 
 Councilmen petition. 
 
 12. Suffolk and Deacham petition. 
 
 13. Langham in Essex petition. 
 
 [A gap here occurs in the MS. ; the next num- 
 bers are as follow.] 
 
 58. The petition of the Lords and Commons to 
 the king. 
 
 59. Nottingham's petition to the king, subscribed 
 by four thousand, five hundred, and forty, hands of 
 Knights, Esquires, &c. 
 
 60. The County of York petition to the king, 
 April 7, 1642. 
 
 61. Petition of both Houses of Parliament to the 
 king, April 18, two of them. 
 
 62. The petition of the County of Kent to the 
 Lords and Commons. 
 
 63. The petition of Cornwall to the parliament. 
 
 64. The petition of York to the king. 
 
 65. The petition of the County Palatine of 
 Chester to the king. 
 
 66. The petition of the County of Stafford to 
 both Houses of Parliament. 
 
 67. The petition of the Kingdom of Scotland 
 to his Majesty's Privy Council, 31st of May 1642. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 17 
 
 68. The petition of the inhabitants of the County 
 of York to the king, June 3. 
 
 69. The petition of the County Palatine oi Lan- 
 caster presented to the king at- York the last of 
 May. Subscribed by 42 Knights and Esquires, 55 
 Divines, 740 Grentlemen, and of Freeholders and 
 others above 7000. 
 
 . 70. The petition of Leicester to the king, June 
 the 18th, 1642. 
 
 71. The petition of the captains and soldiers in 
 Essex to the parliament, June 10, 1642. 
 
 72. The petition of Watford, in the County of 
 Hertford, to the Commons. 
 
 73. The petition oi Southampton to the Lords in 
 Parliament, July 5, 
 
 74. The petition of Cumberland and Westmoreland 
 to his Majesty, July 9. 
 
 75. The petition of the captains and soldiers of 
 Warwick to the parliament, July 12. 
 
 76. The petition of the Parliament in Ireland to 
 the King's Majesty, July 15. 
 
 77. The petition of the Lords and Commons in 
 Parliament here to the king, July 16. 
 
 78. The petition of many thousands of the in- 
 habitants oi Norwich to the parliament, July 25. 
 
 79. The petition of the captains and soldiers of 
 Buckingham to the parliament. 
 
 80. The petition of the parliament to the king at 
 York, July 29. 
 
 81. The petition of the parliament to the king, 
 sent by the Earl of Holland, July 29. 
 
 VOL. II. c 
 
18 NEHEMIAE WALLINQTON'S 
 
 82. The petition from the County of Leicester 
 ■onto the ting, August 1. 
 
 83. The petition of the County of Lincoln to the 
 parhament. 
 
 84. The petition of Kendal in the County of 
 Westmoreland to the parliament. 
 
 85. The petition of Ireland to the Assembly in 
 Scotland, in July 1642. 
 
 86. The petition of the City of Chester to the 
 parliament. 
 
 87. Two petitions to the king, one from South- 
 ampton and from Suffolk. 
 
 88. The petition of Nottingham to the king, Sep- 
 tember 6, 1642. 
 
 89. The petition and resolution of Kent to the 
 parliament, August 30. 
 
 90. The petition of the Lords and Commons to 
 the king, September 5. 
 
 9 1 . The petition of Chester to the Commissioners 
 of Array. 
 
 92. The petition of the Lords and Commons to 
 the king, September 25. 
 
 93. The petition of the Commissioners of Scot- 
 land to the king, September 9 . 
 
 94. A petition of York to the Lords and Com- 
 mons, June 3, 1641, with a copy of letter of Sir 
 John Bourchier from York. 
 
 95. A petition of the knights and gentlemen and 
 freeholders of York, unto the king, November 25, 
 1C42. 
 
 96. A petition of all the Inhabitants of old 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 19 
 
 Brentford, (to) the Honourable House of Commons, 
 November 27, 1642. 
 
 [Three numbers are missing here.] 
 
 100. The petition of the County of Berks to the 
 king. 
 
 101. Two petitions of the Kingdom of Scotland 
 to the king, January 1642. 
 
 102. England's petition to their king. May the 
 5th, 1643. 
 
 103. The petition of the Lord Mayor, Aldermen, 
 and Common Council to the parliament, May the 
 16th, 1644. 
 
 1646. May 26. — A Remonstrance from the 
 Lord Mayor, Aldermen, and Common Council, was 
 presented to the parliament, one to the Lords, and 
 another to the Commons, and their petition unto 
 them. 
 
 May 29. — The humble petition of the Ministers 
 of the Counties of Suffolk and Essex, concerning 
 Church Government, presented to the Bight Honour- 
 able the House of Peers. 
 
 June 2. — The Cross Petition of divers Inhabitants 
 in and about London (called by the Name of Inde- 
 pendent) presented to the Commons of England 
 assembled in ParUament. 
 
 The Names and Number of those Petitions that I have ly me. 
 
 14. A thousand poor people's petition. 
 
 15. The Women's petition. 
 
 16. The fifteen thousand poor porters. 
 
 17. The County of Surrey petition 
 
20 NEHEMIAH WALLINQTON'S 
 
 18. The County of Kent petition. 
 
 19. Suffolk and part of Essex petition. 
 
 20. Huntingdon petition. 
 
 21. Norfolk petition. 
 
 22. Cleveland in Yorkshire petition. 
 
 23. Oxford petition. 
 
 24. Northamptonshire petition. 
 
 25. Lincoln petition. 
 
 26. Ipswich in the County of Suffolk petition. 
 
 27. Warwick and Coventry petition. 
 
 28. The Seamen of Ipswich petition. 
 
 29. Silk Throwsters' petition. 
 
 30. The County of Leicester petition. 
 
 31. The County oi Sussex petition. 
 
 32. The County of i^orse^ petition. 
 
 33. New Sarum and the County of Wilts. 
 
 34. The County of Berkshire petition. 
 
 35. The County of Somerset petition, with a speech 
 of Sir Thomas Wroth. 
 
 36. Poor Tradesmen in and about London and 
 Westminster. 
 
 37. The County of Salop petition. 
 
 38. Petition and Articles Exhibited in Parliament, 
 against Mr. Fuller, Vicar of Giles Cripplegate. 
 
 [One number wanting.] 
 
 40. Two petitions of the Lords and Commons to 
 his Majesty, February 2, with his Majesty's Answer 
 and his Message, February 14. 
 
 41. A petition of the Lords and Commons to his 
 Majesty, February the 18th. 
 
 42. The humble petition and Kesolution of both 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 21 
 
 Houses of Parliament, presented to the King's 
 Majesty, March the 1st. 
 
 43. The Commons' petition to the king, in defence 
 of Mr. Pym. 
 
 44. The County Southampton petition. 
 
 45. The petition of the Parish of Shoreditch 
 against John Squire, Vicar of the said parisli. 
 
 46. The County of Worcester petition. 
 
 47. The County of Derby petition. 
 
 48. The County of Bedford petition. 
 
 49. The City of London petition. 
 
 50. The County of Rutland petition to the king. 
 
 51. The County of Lincoln petition to the king. 
 
 52. The petition of the Citizens of York to the 
 king. 
 
 53. The County oi Rutland to the Peers and to 
 the House of Commons. A petition. 
 
 54. The petition and protestation of all the 
 Bishops and Prelates. 
 
 55. The humble petition of the Kingdom of 
 Ireland. 
 
 56. The petition of both Houses of Parliament, 
 and the petition of the Noblemen in Ireland to the 
 King and the King's Answer. 
 
 57. The County of Derby petition to the king. 
 
22 NEHEMIAH WALLINOTON'S 
 
 XXIV. 
 
 Of the Passages of Several Things in the Week in Paeliament. 
 
 Now to return again to some few chief heads of 
 weekly passages in the parliament. 
 
 February 21, 1641. Monday. — The new Ee- 
 monstrance ^ and Declaration of the state of the 
 kingdom was read in the House of Commons, 
 setting forth the dangers, obstructions and fears 
 the kingdom now labours under, the discourage- 
 ment, discountenancing, and displacing of well 
 affected Members of State for their free, ingenious, 
 and clear discovering of Delinquents. The same 
 Declaration sets forth likewise the Remedies of 
 these evils to be these : That his Majesty would 
 be pleased to remove all his Privy Council, and 
 make choice of such again as should be humbly 
 recommended to him by the advice of his Parlia- 
 ment; to discover and declare those that have 
 of late infused evil counsels into his gracious ears ; 
 to remove the Popish Lords out of the House of 
 Peers, and from the privilege of giving their votes 
 
 ' " There was drawn np a Declaration of the State of the Kingdom 
 by Mr. Pym, and by the appointment of the House he went up with it 
 to the Lords, consisting of twelve heads, being the summe of the 
 generall causes of our grievances that we groane under, and twenty- 
 foure remedies for prevention of the same, and a worthy and applauded 
 Speech made by him in illustration thereof." — A True Diurnall. 
 
HISTORIOAL NOTICES. 23 
 
 or suffrage there, and that - such good Members 
 and well affected persons as have been zealous and 
 serviceable in discovering Delinquents, might be 
 admitted to their place and offices again. 
 
 This day there was a petition drawn up by 
 divers great Citizens to be presented to the Parlia- 
 ment, and another to his Majesty, disapproving of 
 the Election made by the Common Council, accord- 
 ing to the order of the house, for the ordering of 
 the militia of the City ; which Election was con- 
 firmed by the parliament; but now these citizens 
 petition against it, desiring the Lord Mayor might 
 be Lieutenant, to order the Militia according to the 
 ancient custom. This petition was found with one 
 Mr. Gardner, a rich citizen, having about some 
 three hundred hands to it. And the next day this 
 Mr. Gardner was sent to the Tower. 
 
 Wednesday, February the 23rd, the Monthly 
 Fast was solemnly to be kept over the whole land. 
 And the Lords and Commons kept this day's East 
 at Margaret's in Westminster, Mr. Calamy and Mr. 
 Marshall again preaching before them.^ 
 
 2 See Perfect Biurnall. The Eev. Edward Calamy, B.D., of Pem- 
 broke-Hall, Cambridge, was driven out of the diocese of Ely by Bishop 
 Wren, and subsequently appointed to Aldermanbury, where he became 
 very popular. He refused a bishoprick, and died of grief on seeing the 
 ruins of London after the Great Eire. He was one of the Smectymnuans. 
 See Neal's Puritans, vol. iv. 
 
 Stephen Marshall, B.D., the celebrated incumbent of Finchingfield, 
 Essex, was born at Godmachester, and graduated at Cambridge. He was 
 frequently referred to by the Long Parliament in matters of religion. 
 He was buried with due solemnity in "Westminster Abbey, but at the 
 Bestoration bis body was dug up again, with those of Pym and Strode 
 
24 NEHEMIAE WALLINGTON'S 
 
 Thursday? — A bill was read in the House of 
 Commons for attainting of Sir Edward Herbert, the 
 King's Attorney General, of great misdemeanours, 
 for drawing a scandalous paper, containing articles 
 of high treason against the Lord Kimholton, a 
 Member of the House of Peers, and against the five 
 Members of the House of Commons, by which bill 
 the said Sir Edward Herbert forfeits all his goods 
 and chattels and the profits of his lands for his life, 
 and Imprisonment during the king and parliament's 
 pleasure. 
 
 " This day there was a petition of his Majesty's' 
 loving subjects in the City of Sarum and County of 
 Wilts, delivered with thousands of the hands of the 
 Gentry and others there inhabiting to it, and an- 
 other to the Lords, shewing much affection to our 
 Corjamonwealth, redress of grievances had, and aid 
 to them that lie languishing, whose throats are 
 exposed to the sword of the savage and barbarous 
 foe."* 
 
 Friday, February 25/ — " In the Court of Wards 
 there sat a Committee concerning popish reliques, 
 
 (two of the Five Members), May, the historian of the Long Parliament, 
 Elizabeth Cromwell, mother of the Protector, and Elizabeth Claypole, 
 his daughter ; and some others. See Neal's Puritans, vol. iv. ; London. 
 Mr. Marshall was also one of the authors of Smectymnuus (a word com- 
 posed of the names of the authors), a treatise published in reply to 
 Bishop Hall's ' Humble Eemonstrance to the High Court of Parliament ' 
 in defence of Episcopacy. 
 
 » Eushworth assigns Saturday, Jan. 15, as the date of the Impeach- 
 ment of Sir Edward Herbert. 
 
 * From A Oontinuation of the Trui Diurnall, &c. 
 
 ' From True Diurnall of Passages in Parliament, No. 7. 
 
EISTOBICAL NOTICES. 25 
 
 as the Book of Canons, Crucifixes, Organs, and 
 Pictures in Churches; it is ordered by the House 
 that betwixt this time a perfixed^ day of May all 
 these reliques shall be taken down ; and in case of 
 the Churchwardens' neglect therein, any 2 Justices 
 of Peace, within the country, shall have power to 
 execute the parliament's commands." ' 
 
 " This day [Saturday, February 26] were letters 
 presented to Mr. Pym and Mr. Hollis, which was 
 delivered by a Merchant of London, that they re- 
 ceived intelligence in letter from beyond the sea, 
 that the French Fleet is ready to set sail, and 
 manned with French and Irish, which is suspected 
 to be for the Rebels' assistance."^ 
 
 Saturday, February 26th. — The petition of the 
 Lord Mayor and Aldermen and other citizens of 
 London, was taken into consideration, in which it 
 did appear that this petition was plotted, contrived, 
 and solicited by some malignant persons, intending 
 thereby to breed differences and dissensions in their 
 fellow citizens to the disturbance of the peace and 
 quiet of the City, by proofs it appeareth that 
 Mr. Eecorder advised the framing and presenting 
 of the said petition. That Master Bradhurn and 
 Mr. Binion^ were earnest solicitors and promoters 
 
 ° i. e. predetermined. — Halliwell. 
 
 '".... some were so zealous in taking down Crosses and Crucifixes, 
 as they took down the Sign of Charing Cross, being the sign of a 
 Tavern, near that place where Cha/ring Cross stood." — Rushworth's 
 Historical Collections. 
 
 ' From True Diurnall of Passages, &c. 
 
 ' " One or two most pragmaticall spirits among them, were chiefe 
 agents and active instniments openly and audaciously appearing and per- 
 
26 NEHEMIAE WALLINGTON'S 
 
 thereof, who have now deserted the same, and 
 craved pardon for such their indiscretion. 
 
 On Monday, the last of February, and Tuesday, 
 March 1, the Lords sent a Message to his Majesty 
 for a Militia of the kingdom, but he wiU not grant 
 nor yield unto [it], and some other things they do 
 request of the king for his own safeguard, and the 
 good of the whole kingdom, which his Majesty will 
 not consent nor condescend unto. So that now this 
 is a heavy time with us.^" 
 
 Wednesday, March the 2nd. — There was brought 
 to the House of Commons a petition with about 
 two hundred hands to it, of those citizens that 
 subscribed to the petition, for the ordering of the 
 Militia of the City by the Lord Mayor, declaring 
 their hearty sorrow for that business. And that 
 they had no hand in the framing or advising of that 
 petition, but were drawn to subscribe thereunto by 
 the other citizens, desiring to be excused for their 
 error therein. To which petition they had answer 
 given' them by the Speaker, that the House of 
 Commons will take care to make a diflFerence be- 
 tween the Authors and chief Actors in that peti- 
 tion, and those that were drawn to subscribe 
 thereto. 
 
 "That afternoon [Wednesday, March 2] they 
 received a petition from Staffordshire, setting forth 
 
 sisting in it, namely, one Mr. Binion, a silkman in Cheapside." — Vicar's 
 Jehovah Jireh ; London, 1644. The author goes on, however, to speak 
 of Mr. Binion as adhering to his " foresaid insolenoies and misdemeanours " 
 and being, in consequence, fined 3000^, as " an example of terrour to 
 the rest." " See True Diwniall. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 27 
 
 that they were in such fear of the papists rising in 
 that country, that every man was constrained to 
 stand upon his guard. And that they durst not go 
 to Church unarmed. And it was moved that this 
 petition might be also sent to his Majesty." " 
 
 Thursday, March 3rd. — " They received a peti- 
 tion from Worcestershire, with many thousand hands 
 to it, giving thanks for the happy and constant con- 
 currence of both houses, and to desire the putting of 
 the kingdom into a present posture of defence, that 
 Dehnquents may be suddenly brought to condign 
 punishment, the votes of Popish lords taken away, 
 and that Eeligion may be suddenly settled accord- 
 ing to the Eule of God's word. This petition the 
 Committee received with mkny thanks, promising 
 to take the same into consideration in due time." ^^ 
 
 Friday "there was a petition brought to the House 
 from Berkshire and another from Norfolk, Norwich, 
 and Lynn, with many Thousand hands to them, 
 tending to the same effect as the former. To which 
 they had answer given to them as to the former.'^ 
 
 Saturday "there was an ordinance of parlia- 
 ment drawn up and voted for the ordering of the 
 Militia of the kingdom by the authority of both 
 Houses, which was sent to the Lords, and they 
 agreed in it," ^* and to take order for the sending 
 of the same presently to his Majesty. 
 
 Monday the 7th of March, " there was brought 
 a petition to the House with ten thousand 
 hands to it, of the Inhabitants of the County of 
 
 " From A Perfect Diumall. " Ibid. " Ibid. " Ibid. 
 
28 NEHEMIAH WALLINGTOITS 
 
 Salop, excusing their backwardness, in their pre- 
 senting of it no sooner, occasioned by their living 
 at so great a distance from the parliament, desiring 
 according to the former petitions, that the votes of 
 the popish lords may be taken away, delinquents 
 brought to condign punishment, and the kingdom 
 presently put into a posture of defence, which peti- 
 tion was very well approved of by the Commons." ^' 
 
 Wednesday/, March 9th. — They received a petition 
 from the County of Lemster, wherein they prayed 
 that the accusers of the Members of the House, 
 being a breach of Parliament, might be made ex- 
 amples ; Whereupon the House giving them many 
 thanks for their great care, consulted about sending 
 a petition to his Majesty, containing the same. 
 
 Thursday, March the 10th. — " There was a peti- 
 tion brought to the Lords^ and another to the Com- 
 mons, from the Inhabitants of Southampton, tending 
 to this effect, That his Majesty may be petitioned 
 by both Houses to reside near the parliament with 
 the prince, and that the kingdom may be put into 
 a present posture of defence both by sea and land, 
 giving hearty thanks for the happy concurrence 
 that hath already been between both Houses in the 
 settling of many worthy things in this govern- 
 ment."/" 
 
 That day the House of Commons received a 
 petition from Hampshire, it importing as former 
 petitions, for the Eelief of Ireland, and it was then 
 sent up to the Lords to consider of it. 
 
 ^' From A Perfect Diurnall, " Ibid. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 29 
 
 On Monday the 14th of March were read several 
 Bills in the House of Commons, one for restraining 
 the corporal bowing at the Name of Jesus, being 
 merely an outward badge of Popery. Another Bill 
 for the abolishing popish relics, as the Cross in 
 Baptism, Organs, singing any part of Divine ser- 
 vice. Candlesticks and Basons to be removed from 
 the Communion Table, and the Communion Table 
 to be placed in the Body of the Church. Likewise 
 all inscriptions upon Tombs and monuments, im- 
 porting any ways to Superstition, as praying or 
 invocating upon Saints or Angels, to be defaced or 
 demolished, also all crosses in and about Churches. 
 And this to be done by the Churchwardens in 
 every parish, and in default or neglect of the 
 Churchwardens' duty herein required, the two next 
 Justices of Peace to see the same done, according to 
 the true intent and meaning of this Bill, and if both 
 the Churchwardens and Justices neglect the execution 
 thereof, then the King's Attorney for every Circuit 
 is to make enquiry thereof by the Grand Jury, and 
 upon finding them negligent or unwilling therein, 
 to prefer an information in His Majesty's name 
 against them as Delinquents, and so to pay Fine 
 and Eansom according to the further Declaration 
 of the said BiU. 
 
 The same day in the House of Commons a Com- 
 mittee sat touching Eecusants, where one Mr. 
 Bradshaw and some others of quaUty, were exa- 
 mined touching an information given against them 
 of their combination together, for the making of a 
 
30 NEHEMIAH WALLINOTON'S 
 
 certain number of Balls of wildfire, to set on fire 
 some towns in Lancashire, and having correspond- 
 ence with the Eebels, who [were] to land some 
 forces out of Ireland on that coast, upon the exe- 
 cuting of such design. 
 
 "Then there was a petition delivered to the 
 House of Commons from the County of Rutland, 
 humbly craving a sudden course to be taken with 
 the papists inhabiting there, of whom they were 
 very much afraid, both in respect of their number, 
 as also by reason of threatening words, daily pro- 
 ceeding from them to their terror, insomuch that 
 without some speedy remedy, it is in danger of a 
 commotion, by reason of the discord and variance 
 daily arising betwixt. This petition was signed unto 
 by ten thousand housekeepers' hands, and presented 
 to the House by Sir Edward Nicholls." " 
 
 This 14th of March was delivered to the House, 
 The humble petition of divers Baronets, Knights, 
 Esquires, Grentlemen, Ministers, Freeholders, and 
 others of the County of Derhy ^' to the number 
 of seven thousand seventy and seven, Which gave 
 thanks to both Houses for their great care of the 
 kingdom's safety in disposal of the Militia, a settle- 
 ment of the Religion establishment, with other 
 things concurring thereunto. Which being read, 
 was thankfully accepted by the House, and special 
 order given for the recording of it, with the peti- 
 tions of several other counties." 
 
 " From A True Diurnall. i' Darby. 
 
 " See A True. Diurnall. 
 
mSTOBICAL NOTICES. 31 
 
 Tuesday the 15tli of March, there was presented 
 to the House of Commons a petition from the 
 Knights, Esquires, Gentry and Commons, Inhabit- 
 ants of the County of Cambridge, for which they 
 were received with thanks.^" 
 
 " There was another petition, from the high 
 Sheriff, Knights, Gentry, and yeomen of the County 
 of Bedford, one to the Lords, and another to the 
 Commons, presented by Sir John Burgoyne^^ Baro- 
 net, who was entrusted with the delivery of this 
 petition ; [he] had further direction personally to 
 declare their particular thanks to the Lords for their 
 concurrence with the House of Commons in the late 
 ordinance concerning' the militia, together with a 
 desire that the same may speedily be put in execu- 
 tion forthwith, especially as for the rest in general. 
 Their Lordships returned them hearty thanks. 
 
 "It was ordered by the Commons' House that 
 Master Speaker, in the Name of the House, shall 
 take particular notice, and give the Gentlemen of 
 Bedfordshire thanks for their desire of the King's 
 return, and of their desire to have the ordinance of 
 the Militia speedily put in execution. There were 
 above two thousand hands to it : " ^^ I myself did see 
 I think, above two thousand of these men come 
 riding from Finsbury fields, four in a rank, with 
 their protestations in their hats. 
 
 On Wednesday the 16th oi March, "there was a 
 petition dehvered from the Counties of Hampshire 
 
 ^ See A Perfect Diurnall. -' Burgon. 
 
 ^ From A True DivmaU. 
 
32 NEHEMIAE WALLINGTON'S 
 
 and Berkshire, jointly, requesting that the parlia- 
 ment would take into consideration the great hin- 
 drances made against their good endeavours, because 
 of the popish lords' contradiction. They therefore 
 most humbly craved a speedy course might be had, 
 that their votes in either House might be taken 
 away.''^^" 
 
 Thursday the House received a petition "from 
 the town of Cambridge for the placing of a Lecturer 
 there." ^* 
 
 Friday the 18th oi March, upon the meeting of 
 both Houses, there was. a petition delivered from 
 the City of London, complaining of a surreptitious 
 copy of their petition (delivered to the Houses in 
 February last) printed and dispersed through the 
 kingdom, by which they conceived themselves much 
 scandaled, and desired the Authors thereof might 
 receive condign punishment. Which being read 
 was well approved of by both Houses.^' 
 
 " Then there was a petition brought to the Lords, 
 and another to the Commons, from the County of 
 Cornwall, wherein they request that his Majesty 
 may be petitioned by both Houses, to reside near 
 his parliament with the" Prince, and that the king- 
 dom may be put in a posture of defence, both by 
 sea and land, giving hearty thanks for the happy 
 concurrence that hath already been betwixt both 
 houses, in the settling of many worthy things in 
 this Government." ^* 
 
 23 From A True Biurnall. ^* Ibid. ^^ See A Perfect Diurnall. 
 ^ From A True Diurnall. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 33 
 
 Saturday, March 19tli, "came news to the House 
 that the French king hath sixty sail of men-of-war 
 at sea, hovering between the coast of Devonshire 
 and Britain, manned with many thousand of land 
 soldiers."^' As likewise forty thousand Danes, to 
 be landed at Hull, to serve the King. 
 
 ^ From A True Diurnall, 
 
 VOL. II. ^ 
 
34 NEHEMIAH WALLINOTON'S 
 
 XXV. 
 
 Op the Plots op the Wicked against the Godly. 
 
 Now first to begin with that great Grand Plot in 
 Ireland that hath been in some years a plotting, 
 for you know the (common) proverb is — 
 
 " He that will England win, 
 Must first with Ireland begin." ^ 
 
 The Lord Deputy Wentworth (in his life time) dis- 
 armed the Subjects there, as I have in some part 
 shewed you before. 
 
 ' A correspondent of ' Notes and Queries ' says : — " The original 
 saying is to be found in Hall's and Holinshed's Chronicles, and is also 
 quoted in Shakspeare's King Eenry V. Hall gives it at the con- 
 clusion of the Earl of WestmorelaLd's speech, as ' the old auncient 
 prouerb used by our forefathers, which saieth — 
 * He that will Fraunce wyune, 
 Must with Scotlande first begyn.' 
 
 " The earliest reading of the modern version known to us occurs in 
 Fynes Moryson's Itinerary, 1617, fol. part ii. p. 3, where, under the 
 year 1577, he tells us that ' religion rather than liberty first began to be 
 made the cloke of ambition, and the Roman locusts, to maintain the 
 pope's usurped power, breathed everywhere fire and sword, and were not 
 ashamed to proclaim and promise Heaven for a reward to such cut- 
 throats as should lay violent hands on the sacred persons of such 
 princes as opposed their tyranny. Amongst which, this famous Queen 
 (Elizabeth) being of greatest power, and most happy in success against 
 them, they not only left nothing unattempted against her sacred person 
 and- her crown of England, but were encouraged by the blind zeal 
 of the ignorant Irish to popery, or animated by an old prophecy — 
 ' He that will England win, 
 Must with Ireland first begin,' &c." 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 35 
 
 And their first design and plot was to take the 
 castle in the City of Dublin : For one Friday the 
 22nd of October 1641, Owen 0' Gownally^ servant 
 to John Clotworthy, at nine of the clock in the night, 
 came and discovered a plot for the seizing of the 
 Castle of Dublin, and making themselves Masters 
 of the whole kingdom. 
 
 The Lords of the Council caused all the parts of 
 the city to be strongly guarded. And in the morn- 
 ing we went to search for the Lord Macguire at 
 his lodging, from whence we found he was departed, 
 but searching narrowly in his lodging we found 
 several skenes, headless hatchets and hammers, in 
 abundance, and in the end we found him secretly 
 hid in a cockloft. 
 
 The Biseavery of the Plat. 
 
 Owen 0' Connolly, who is servant to Sir John 
 Clotworthy, came to Dublin to the lodging of Hugh 
 Ogmack^ his friend, and 0' Connally wi\h his friend 
 going to the lodging of the Earl oi Macguire, under- 
 stood there had been great store of Noblemen and 
 strangers, but they were all gone abroad, whereupon 
 they returned back again to the lodging of the said 
 Ogmack, where 0' Connally had not been any long 
 space, but Ogmack declares to him a plot which 
 
 2 Ookanellee. 
 
 ' Hugh Oge Mac-Mahon, Esq. (Grandson to the Traitor Tyrone), 
 a Gentleman of a good Fortune in the County of Monaghan. . . . This 
 Mac-Mahon had been abroad, and served the King of Spain as a Lieu- 
 tenant-Colonel. — Eushworth. 
 
 D 2 
 
36 NE HE Ml AH WALLINOTON'S 
 
 was intended, swearing that (9' Connolly should not 
 go out of his house till it had been executed, which 
 was, that the Jesuits, popish priests, and other papists, 
 together with two sects of Irish, and ainongst the 
 rest the said Hiigh Ogmack, and Bryan O'Neale, 
 with others, should have come and seized upon the 
 Castle at Dublin, and the Earl of Macguire should be 
 governor thereof; which when they had attained 
 unto, they should have shot at the chimneys, and by 
 that means have tried if they could have brought the 
 City in subjection ; but if shooting at chimneys could 
 not prevail, then they should have shot down their 
 houses about their ears, and at one hour, and one mo- 
 ment of time, to have murdered all the English and 
 Protestants in the kingdom of Ireland, and to have 
 murdered the two Lords Chief Justices, and all the 
 Privy Council of Dublin, and at the same time to have 
 seized on all his Majesty's Castles, forts, and maga- 
 zines throughout the whole kingdom, and all persons 
 that should be refractory to have destroyed with the 
 sword. . . 0' Connolly finding his opportunity, leaped 
 over the pales in the yard, and made an escape, and 
 went to Sir John Burlacy and Sir William Parsons, 
 and discovered the whole matter. 
 
 Now amongst other remarkable deliverances of 
 divers and sundry persons from time to time by the 
 power of the Almighty, let this take your serious 
 thoughts, for one, not of the meanest, but among 
 the greatest, this party, Oioen C Connolly, who was 
 servant to Sir John Clotworthy, being suspected by 
 some of the conspirators, who were sworn to secrecy 
 
EISTORICAJj NOTICES. 37 
 
 therein, to have discovered this plot, by his divers 
 times persuading them to desist from their devilish 
 intentions, telling them what a heinous matter it 
 was to cause rebellion in their native country, and 
 the dangerous evils that might happen to their own 
 persons and their present estates, and their posterity 
 after them. These conspirators, finding this party 
 cold in the business, one among the rest breaks out 
 in a passion, and swore to the rest of the company 
 that the aforesaid party had revealed their plot, and, 
 without any more advice, pulls forth a pistol (for 
 all of , them have swords and pistols) which was 
 charged with a brace of buUets, and set it to this 
 Owen's breast, intending to shoot him through at 
 that instant, which was prevented by the Divine 
 power in that the flint did not strike fire. Some of 
 the company, being affrighted at this sudden assault, 
 asked this party, Randal, that would have shot him, 
 how he could prove that Owen had spoken of it 
 to any party, or in any kind betrayed their cause, 
 to which Randal could give no certain answer, but 
 only this, that he did surmise, and his heart did 
 think so. " Nay," then said the rest, " you are to 
 blame to offer this, as you have done." This, no 
 sooner appeased, but another in the same passion, 
 and of the aforesaid company, seconds the former's 
 motion, whose name was Nicholas, who urged Owen 
 0' Connally that he was the man, and only he that 
 the cause was betrayed. Which the aforesaid Owen 
 denying, with many protestations and with manlike 
 courage. Nevertheless, the said Cusock made at 
 
38 NEHEMIAE WALLINGTON'S 
 
 him with another pistol charged with a brace of 
 bullets also, but, whether the powder in the pan 
 was damp, or the flint not good, thanks be to God, 
 he missed his intent; this was the second deliver- 
 ance. Now being still in the aforesaid house, and 
 not suffered to stir, but watched and guarded for 
 fear of his escape, words grew, insomuch that a 
 party amongst them ran a tilt at him with his 
 naked sword, which was put aside by one in the 
 company who was behind him, and stayed his arm. 
 To be short ; ten or twelve hours being thus spent, 
 about ten or eleven o'clock at night .... Owen 
 having an opportunity, leaps over the pale in the 
 yard, twice his height, and over a brick wall as 
 high, and so into the high way, and runs into the 
 city, which was half a mile distant from the house, 
 and there reveals the whole plot to Sir John Bur- 
 lacy, and other Jiistices of the Peace, who forthwith 
 raised the city, and came to the place, and found 
 some of these conspirators, which they apprehended, 
 others of them ran away and hid themselves ; some 
 of them, being examined, partly through fear, others 
 to get favour, confessed they were to have an army 
 of seventeen thousand from several parts of Ireland, 
 which should be all papists and Jesuits, that should 
 surprise all the castles and forts, but especially the 
 castle of Dublin, cut the throats of the chiefest 
 noblemen, gentry, and others of that kingdom that 
 were there present ; and this, being thus discovered 
 by Ovxn 0' Connally, he was dispatched with letters 
 into England to make known to the Lords now pre- 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 39 
 
 sent in Parliament what he had discovered, who, 
 for his good service and fidelity therein, the honour- 
 able House hath thought fit to give the said Owen 
 five hundred pounds and two hundred a year for 
 ever, and to be preferred to one of the chief places 
 under the Deputy in Ireland. 
 
 A Gunpowder Plot in Ireland for the hlowiny up of the 
 chiefest Church in Dublin, when the lords and others 
 were at sermon on the Lord's Day, October the Zlst, 
 1641. 
 
 In a letter from Ireland from the Lords Chief 
 Justices, declaring that the papists and popish 
 priests had undermined the chiefest Church in 
 Dublin, and there placed great store of faggots, and 
 barrels of gunpowder, intending, when the Lords 
 and Privy Council in Ireland had been at Church, 
 to have blown them all up at once, and at that 
 time to have set upon all the rest of the Pro- 
 testants in Dublin, and to have massacred them, 
 had they not been miraculously prevented. 
 
 The first rising was in the county Fermanagh, 
 the Lord Macguire being the chief Agent in their 
 rebellion, who lived about thirteen miles from Bel- 
 turbet, northward towards Enniskillen, which Lord 
 Macguire is since taken, and now prisoner in the 
 Castle at Dublin; he is of the blood of that great 
 traitor Macguire, the General of Tyrone's army, that 
 great rebel to Queen Elizabeth. 
 
40 NEEEMIAE WALLINO TON'S 
 
 [The treachery of Ma7-k Davo*'] "is now dis- 
 covered, for, upon the 20th of December, 1641, 
 he marched out, with the assistance of Lord Care 
 with two thousand foot, and two thousand horse. 
 They marched towards Feather, about ten miles 
 from him, a walled town, most inhabited with 
 Irish, and as soon as he came thither with his 
 forces, the gates were presently opened ; but as 
 soon as he was entered, they presently massacred the 
 Protestants. And, taking Mr. Low, the Minister, 
 they cut out his tongue, flaying the skin off his 
 head and back, saying that they would make a 
 drum-head of his skin, that the heretics might hear 
 the sound of it ; and hanged his quarters on the 
 gates." ^ 
 
 December the 10th, 1641. — About the space of 
 six miles from Dublin, there is a town inhabited 
 with Irish, called Rockall. About a mile from 
 Rockall dweUeth one Patrick Locke. ^ He hath 
 also, since the first intent of rising of the rebels 
 in Lreland, entertained fourscore men, who by the 
 rebels have been set on work to vault the said 
 hill of Rockall round about. The passage over this 
 hill is a great road, through which they pass from 
 Dublin to the chiefest part of the country towards 
 Munster, so that, when the King's Majesty's army 
 had been come into Ireland from England to relieve 
 the Protestants against the rebels, this hiU was the 
 direct and ready road for them to pass over in 
 
 * See page 302, Vol. I. 
 
 ^ From The Happiest News from Ireland, &c. 
 
 ' See page 302, Vol. I. 
 
EISTOEICAL NOTICES. 41 
 
 the valley whereof, which they had digged for that 
 purpose. 
 
 William Raster, that was . taken by Col. Carot 
 Topey, discovered this plot, and confessed that their 
 purpose was, if they could take Athy and the castle, 
 then they knew that when the King's forces came 
 to Dublin, they would immediately move that 
 way, because the way doth lie directly over the 
 said hill Rockall, and with the said powder in the 
 hill they had determined to blow them as they 
 passed by. 
 
 And he discovered that Mr. Ocliashen, of Azabe, 
 in Queens County, together with Sir Florence Fitz- 
 patrick, of Castletown, should have come by night 
 with five thousand armed men to the Fort of Leise, 
 and lie as soldiers that were to ward' the papists 
 within had agreed, and were appointed to let in 
 certain company of the rebels, appointed for that 
 purpose to burn and batter down the town. 
 
 Hereupon Captain Picket went forth to meet that 
 company with five hundred men, who fell upon 
 them, and slew three or four hundred of the rebels, 
 and the rest flew into the woods. 
 
 Himself sustained the loss of sixty men slain and 
 dangerously hurt. 
 
 Now, all these plots in Ireland are but one plot 
 against England, for it is England that is that fine, 
 sweet bit which they so long for, and their cruel teeth 
 so much water at. And therefore these blood-thirsty 
 papists do here among us in England plot what 
 
 ' i. e. to keep guard. 
 
42 NEHEMIAE WALLINOTON'S 
 
 may be for our overthrow, to bring in their damn- 
 able superstition and idolatry amongst us. I will 
 give a touch of some of their devilish plots and 
 designs among us, as hese foUoweth, that all the 
 world may see that they are of their father the 
 devil, for he hath been a murderer from the begin- 
 ning. — John viii. 44. 
 
 A bloody plot brought to light by God's provi- 
 dence, wherein was intended a great insurrection 
 and rising of the papists in divers counties of this 
 kingdom.^ 
 
 On Thursday, October the 18th, 1641, one Mr. 
 £eal, overheard their discourse, which is related 
 according to the true copy by him presented to the 
 Parliament. On Monday, about one or two o'clock 
 in the afternoon, this Mr. Beale, walking in the fields 
 beyond the Pest-house,'' hearing the discourse, per- 
 ceived their names the one to be George, the other 
 Philip. But this plot being too tedious, as some 
 other plots and designs will be, I wanting both time 
 and paper, will commend you to those copies at 
 large lying by me. 
 
 In November the 12th, 1641, another great dis- 
 covery of a damnable gunpowder plot, at Ragland 
 Castle, in Herefordshire ; the chief agent in this 
 hellish plot is the Earl of Worcester. It was found 
 out by one John Davis. I will give you a hint of 
 this plot. This Davis saith v^hen he was in the 
 castle, in the Earl's stable, the groom of the stable 
 
 * See Appendix, Note CCC. 
 
 ' In the parisli of Sf. Luke's, Old Street. 
 
mSTOBIGAL NOTICES. 43 
 
 shewed him to the number of threescore horses 
 prepared for war. After he had shewed him all in 
 that stable, he led him into a vanlt under the 
 ground which went round about the castle, where 
 was made an obscure stable, in which he perceived 
 about twelve light horses. He was going further 
 into that stable underground, to have seen the rest 
 of the horses there, which was, as he saith, about 
 forty, but it was so dark, that he was fearful to go 
 any further, for fear of danger. 
 
 In another place underground, he shewed him 
 furniture for about six or seven score of horse. 
 In which place was furniture also for about two 
 thousand men, with great store of match and powder, 
 and other ammunition belonging to war, in abund- 
 ance. One of these stables I guess to be about 
 sixscore feet in length, and twenty-four feet in 
 breadth. " He told me," saith he, " that his master, 
 the Earl of Worcester, gave notice privately that 
 any man who would be entertained should have 
 sixteen pence a day, good pay, from him in case 
 they would be true to him, and to press me, as 
 I conceived, to have some desire to serve him, he 
 told me that his master had at this time seven 
 hundred men under pay ; but I, being nothing at 
 all pleased with this discourse, hasted away to 
 return to my own business at home." 
 
 Upon this discovery of this plot, the Parliament 
 hath caused a strong guard of men to be set about 
 the Earl of Worcester's house, here in London. As 
 also they have caused another strong guard to be 
 
44 NEEEMIAE WALLINGTON'S 
 
 set about the French Ambassador's house in Lin- 
 coln s-Inn-Fields, supposing he hath some hand in 
 this business, and to be a cliief agent in this 
 damnable plot. 
 
 The 16th of November, 1641, there was a cruel 
 and wicked plot discovered about the city o^ London, 
 which was intended against some of the chief mem- 
 bers of the High Court of Parliament, and brought 
 to light by a religious man. Therefore it was com- 
 manded by the House of Commons that great search 
 should be made for the finding out of two French- 
 men, who were supposed to be the chief agents in 
 this wicked design. This that I have now written 
 of, I will shew more plainly : 
 
 The information of Thomas Beal, a tailor, (which 
 I named before)' living in WIdte Cross Street, de- 
 Hvered in Parliament on Tuesday, November the 
 16th, That he, on the Sabbath day last, late at 
 night, passing through Moorjields, near the city 
 of London, overheard certain fellows talking and 
 whispering together about their intended plot, the 
 one of them saying that he had received forty 
 shillings in hand to murder divers persons, eminent 
 in the House of Parliament, which he would shortly 
 accomplish, and another of them made report that 
 he had also received a larger sum to do the like 
 enterprise upon some persons of the higher House, 
 which pretended plot of theirs, they verily expected 
 should have taken efi'ect on the Thursday following, 
 had not the providence of Almighty God prevented 
 those bloody designs of those cruel and merciless 
 
I1I8T0BIGAL NOTICES. 45 
 
 papists (but they, espying the man in the dark, 
 fearing by him to be discovered, made at him to 
 have killed him, had not God, of His mercy, pre- 
 vented them, by his escaping from them). In 
 which conference of theirs, he also overheard them 
 to whisper about some great plots or treacheries in 
 Wales, now intended against England, and that the 
 three next shires adjoining to Ragland Castle were 
 lately come in with all their forces to the assistance 
 of the Earl of Worcester. 
 
 And the said young man, coming before the Par- 
 liament house, really and truly did relate the said 
 former passages with great modesty and honest con- 
 fidence, moreover alleging that they intended tlie 
 murder of many Protestant Lords, with many other 
 gentlemen, such as Mr. Pym, and the like, and the 
 papists in Wales intend to seize into their hands 
 all the strongholds of CJieshire and Lancashire, with 
 the adjacent parts. And that in that hurly burly 
 and combustion, the plot was laid and contrived 
 that by the papists at the same instant, the City 
 of London should have been surprized, and all the 
 Protestants' throats cut. 
 
 Upon which relation the Houses of Parliament 
 sat very late on Monday night last, and the Lords 
 and others of both Houses were conducted to their 
 lodgings and houses by most of the trained Bands 
 in Middlesex the same night. There was great 
 search made for the apprehending of the persons 
 of Father Jones and Father Andrews. There was 
 an order made by the High Court of Parliament 
 
4U NEHEMIAE WALLINGTON'S 
 
 that all papists throughout England should be 
 disarmed, which command the private officers in 
 Cheshire went about to obey ; but the papists there 
 were so resolute that they told them plainly they 
 would not be disarmed ; which answer being carried 
 to the Mayor of the City, he commanded the Train 
 bauds to go search, each one charging his Musket 
 with a Bullet, and those papists which would not 
 yield presently, to shoot them. The next day, being 
 the 20th of November 1641, the papists gathered 
 themselves together to the Lord Toomes his house. 
 The chief leader was one Mr. Henry Starkey, and 
 in the night some of the watch discovered fifteen in 
 arms, battering down the City walls. The watch- 
 men went in the city and cried " Treason, treason," 
 upon which the Citizens presently did arise, the 
 Train bands presently in readiness, but 13 of these 
 Traitors escaped away, but two of them were taken 
 and confessed that the others were run to the Lord 
 Toomes his house, who, being pursued, were taken, 
 were carried to prison. And a strong guard being 
 left at the Lord Toomes his house, that none of the 
 papists might issue out there. So soon as those 
 fifteen were laid fast, the Train bands came to the 
 Lord Toomes his house, and commanded the door 
 to be opened, but they were denied to have any 
 entrance. Then ten of the Train bands discharged 
 their Muskets, at which the aforesaid Lord made 
 an escape by a postern door, which opens into the 
 fields. The Train band, most of them, went into 
 the house and searched it, wherein they were all 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 47 
 
 like to have been slain, for coming into a private 
 wood house there stood fifty Papists with Muskets 
 ready charged, and so soon as they saw the Train 
 band they discharged altogether, and slew twenty- 
 five of the Protestants, and then ran out at a back 
 door, but being met by the rest of the Train band 
 which were without, between whom grew a bloody 
 skirmish, and nineteen of the Papists were slain, 
 and Starkey, their leader, was wounded and sent to 
 prison. All being still, the aforesaid Starkey, the 
 leader of the Eebels, was examined, being ready 
 to die by reason of his wounds ; who confessed 
 what their intents were, being urged thereunto by 
 the Lord Toomes to have beaten down privately the 
 greatest part of the City walls, that so the Papists 
 in Lancashire and Cheshire should have had an 
 advantage to use the Protestants as they pleased 
 themselves ; and so he died.^° 
 
 A Plot against Norwich to hum the City. 
 
 Upon the 27th day of November, there was a 
 great uproar in Norwich concerning the Papists 
 arising there, they being intended to burn the 
 whole city without any remorse, two being ap- 
 pointed privily for the same purpose, one to begin 
 at one end of the City, and the second at the other 
 
 '" For details of this plot, and of the following one against Norwich, 
 see " Foure Wonderful!, Bloudy, and Dangerous Plots discovered, and 
 brought to light, by God's Providence. Jjondon. Printed for John 
 Gilbert, 1642. 4to. pp. 8."— King's Pamphlets. 
 
48 NEHEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 end. The one was discovered being about to set 
 fire to a thatched house, the other he set the house 
 on fire joining to High Bridge Street, which was 
 burnt to the ground, to the great astonishment of 
 the whole City. 
 
 A Flpt against London ly Colonel Lunsfoed the Papist. 
 
 When Sir William Balfour, Lieutenant of the 
 Tower, went to Ireland, having a great estate there 
 in grea;t danger to be lost ; then Colonel Lunsford 
 he obtained letters of many popish lords, and so did 
 get of the king to be elected to be lieutenant of the 
 Tower. Then the papists' resolutions were thus 
 moulded ; when as Colonel Lunsford should have 
 free liberty in the Tower, divers of the guard 
 should be suborned, having great sums of money 
 given them to conceal their counsels, and about the 
 dead time of the night they should place the ord- 
 nance lower, and being charged sho^ld incontinently 
 blow up the city. About which time of the night 
 the other papists would provide a sudden Army, and 
 sufficient number of men to set Westminster and the 
 Parliament house on fire. And at the same time 
 they would provide shipping for the Archbishop of 
 Canterbury, Bishop Wren, and many other popish 
 Doctors, who should have been all transported into 
 Spain. Their design was sealed with an oath that 
 every one should be constant to Rome, and put this 
 new hatched conspiracy into execution with all 
 possible care and expedition. Whereupon eight of 
 
EISTOMICAL NOTICES. A^ 
 
 the guard were sworn to their machination, the 
 ordnance were in agitation to be suddenly placed 
 lower in the tower against the City, and shipping 
 was in great preparation for the Arch-prelate and 
 the other popish Doctors. But mark the successless 
 event of their wicked intentions, and consider the 
 miraculous providence of the Mighty and Almighty 
 God, who delivered us from their cruel hands. 
 The Apprentices having great suspicion (as indeed 
 they had great cause) of some treacherous plot 
 which might ensue upon the City, did forthwith 
 rise, and presented themselves unto the parliament, 
 totally and universally petitioning against the 
 papists, and the Colonel that was a papist in 
 the Tower, shewing what great danger the City 
 was in. Thus they went to Westminster to the 
 parliament house three or four days together, and 
 were then unanimously resolved to pull him out 
 of the Tower, which induced the king and parlia- 
 ment immediately to displace him." 
 
 A Great Conspiracy of the Pajoists against the Worthy 
 Members of loth Houses of Parliament ; and also, 
 against the City of London, and generally the whole 
 Kingdom. Discovered ly divers Wicked and Bloody 
 Letters, which hy God's Providence came to light, and 
 was read in the House of Commons, the IQth and llth 
 of January 1641. 
 
 "To the worshipful and honourable friend, 
 Orlando Bridgeman, Esq., &c.. Burgess of the par- 
 liament, at his Chamber in the Temple : — 
 
 " See Eushworth, part iii. vol. i. pp. 459-462. 
 VOL. II. E 
 
50 NEHEMIAH WALLING TON'S 
 
 " We are your friends, these are to advise you to 
 look to yourself, and to advise others of my lord of 
 Strafford's friends, to take heed lest they be involved 
 in the common calamity ; our advice is to be gone, 
 to pretend business till the great hubbub be passed ; 
 withdraw, lest you suffer among the puritans. We 
 entreat you to send away this enclosed letter to Mr. 
 Anderton, enclosed to some trusty friend that it may 
 be carried safely without suspicion, for it concerns 
 the common safety. So desire your friends in 
 Covent Garden, Jan. 4." 
 
 " To the worshipful and my much honoured 
 friend, Mr. Anderton — 
 
 " Sir — Although many designs have been defeated, 
 yet that of Ireland holds well. And now our last 
 plot works as hopeful as that of Ireland. We must 
 bear with something in Man, his will is strong 
 enough, as long as he is fed with hopes. The 
 woman is true to us ; her counsel about her is 
 very good. I doubt not but to send you by the next 
 very joyful news, For the present, our rich enemies, 
 Ppn, Hampden, Strode, HoUis, Haslerigg, are ble- 
 mished, challenged for no less than Treason ; before 
 I write next, we doubt not but to have them in the 
 Tower, or their heads from their shoulders. The 
 Solicitor, and Flennes and Earle we must serve with 
 the same sauce. And in the House of the Lords, 
 Mandeville is touched, but Essex, Warwick, Say, 
 Brooke, and Paget must follow, or else we shall not 
 be quiet. Falkland and Culpepper are friends to 
 our side. The protestants and puritans are so di- 
 
mSTOBIGAL NOTICES. 51 
 
 vided, that we need not fear them ; the protestants 
 in a greater part will join with ns, while the puritan 
 is suppressed. If we can bring them under, the 
 protestants will either fall in with us generally, or 
 else, if they do not, they are so indifferent, that 
 either by fair or foul means we shall be able to 
 command them. 
 
 " The mischievous Londoners and Apprentices may 
 do us some hurt for present, but we need not much 
 fear them, they do nothing orderly, but tumultu- 
 ously. Therefore we doubt not but to have them 
 under command after one brunt, for our party is 
 strong in the city, especially Holhorn, the New 
 Buildings, and Westminster. "We are afraid of 
 nothing but the Scots appearing again; but we 
 have made a party there, at the King's last being 
 there, which will hold their hands behind them, 
 while we act our parts at home. Let us acquit 
 ourselves like men, for our Eeligion and Country, 
 now or never. The King's heart is a protestant, 
 but our friends can persuade him, and make him 
 believe anything; he hates the puritan party, and 
 is made irreconcilable to that side. So that the 
 Sun, the Moon, and Stars are for us. There are no 
 less than twenty thousand Ministers in England, 
 the greater half are for us, to avenge the Bishops' 
 dishonour. Let our friends be encouraged; the 
 work is more than half done. 
 
 " Your Servant, 
 
 ''R.E:' 
 
 E 2 
 
52 NEEEMIAH WALLINOTON'S 
 
 Another Letter sent to a Papist of London. 
 
 The Grand Committee of the Parliament sitting 
 at Grocers' Hall,^^ ahout the weighty affairs of the 
 state of the Kingdom, there was notice brought in 
 to them of a letter directed out of Ireland to a great 
 personage of this city, a papist ; which letter by 
 God's providence coming into the hands of a woman, 
 and the housekeeper of this papist, upon great 
 suspicion of some evU accidents that might thereby 
 happen, caused the said letter to be opened, whereby 
 by the great providence of God the secret thereof 
 was disclosed. The contents thereof was to this 
 effect : — 
 
 " Worthy Sir — Out of the care of your welfare, I 
 make bold to advertise you for your good, that you 
 would be pleased speedily to convey yourself and 
 family out of the City, and that you repair as far 
 northward as conveniently you may, for there is a 
 terrible and sudden blow expected to be given 
 shortly against the City of London ; for though I 
 am of opinion, the King's Majesty be a good 
 Protestant in his heart, yet I am persuaded that by 
 the persuasions of the Queen's Majesty, and the 
 advice of the Catholic Lords and other Gentlemen, 
 the wished design may take full effect. The truth 
 of which premisses was delivered to the Court of 
 
 '^ See " The Jesuites' Plot discovered, against the Parliament and 
 City of Zojicion very lately. . . . With the just cause of the Parliament 
 removing from Westminster to Orocers' Hall the 18 and 19 day ol 
 Januarie." Printed 1641 ; small 4to. pp. B.— King's Pamphlets. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. ■ 53 
 
 Aldermen, and Common Council of the City of 
 London from the Committee." 
 
 There was a letter brought to Mr. Pym, with an 
 odious plaster, taken from a plague sore, saying, 
 " If this will not do, then a dagger shall ; " and, 
 as I did hear very credibly, one standing by him, 
 looking over his shoulder upon it, took a conceit'^ 
 at it, and sickened, and died presently.^* 
 
 '* i. e. apprehension. — HalUwell. 
 " See Appendix, Note DDD. 
 
54 NEHEMIAH WALLING TON'S 
 
 XXVI. 
 
 A Peeseevation of Fotje Woetht and Honoueable Peees of this 
 Kingdom, and some othees — Of the Plots of the Wicked 
 AGAINST THE GoDLY (continued). 
 
 A Preservation of Fbur Worthy and Honourable Peers of 
 this Kingdom, and some others. Who should have heen 
 poisoned (ly a Frenchman) at a Supper at the Earl of 
 Leicester's House in Martin's Lane, near Oharing Cross, 
 January 11th, 1641.' 
 
 The Earl of Leicester. 
 
 The Earl of Essex, Lord Chamberlain. 
 
 The Earl of Holland. 
 
 The Earl of Northumberland, and some others. 
 
 The Earl of Leicester having invited four Honour- 
 able Lords and Peers of this Kingdom, with some 
 other great personages to a supper, and being all 
 at supper, there came in a bloody minded fellow, 
 a Frenchman ; backed unto that wicked intention by 
 some of the popish faction, which may well be con- 
 jectured by the sequel which folio weth. 
 
 ' " This day was a French Cooke (as supposed) brought before the Lords, 
 who had undertaken to poyson divers of both Houses at an intended 
 Feast they were to be invited to, the Barle of Leicester and others, 
 and upon examination was sent to Newgate, there to answer it." — 
 Biv/rnall Occurrences. This account is abridged from "A Happy 
 Deliverance, or Wonderfull Preservation of foure Worthy and Honourable 
 Peeres of this Kingdome, and some others. — London. Printed for John 
 Thomas, 1641." Small 4to. pp. 8. — King's Pamphlets. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 55 
 
 This Frenchman being come into [the] place 
 where these noble peers did sup that night, he 
 privately whispered with the Cook of the Earl of 
 Leicester, who also was a Frenchman, and could not 
 speak a word of English, and told him in his own 
 language that if he would undertake to poison the 
 second course that was to be set before these worthy 
 and honourable persons, he would, for his reward 
 and secrecy therein, give him three thousand pound 
 in ready gold. The Cook perceiving this his wicked 
 and bloody intentions told him that if it might gain 
 him a thousand worlds he would not attempt an 
 act so wicked, and withal told him that his 
 treacherous designs he would immediately discover. 
 The Frenchman perceiving it stole out of the doors, 
 for no man present could understand French ; And 
 this French Cook understanding no English, whereby 
 to discover this wicked advice of his Countryman, 
 was the reason why he did escape ; who, if he had 
 been as greedy of lucre as the other of blood, had 
 despatched out of this world these noble pillars of 
 our Eealm. 
 
 This was not discovered till after supper, the 
 Cook meeting one of the Earl of Leicester's Chaplains 
 which understood French, who told him the man- 
 ner and form of it as is before related ; yet was this 
 French Cook apprehended, and sent for to be ex- 
 amined before the Lords in parliament,^ and as yet 
 not acquitted. 
 
 2 " Upon information given to this House, ' that there was a design dis- 
 covered of the killing of some Lords of tliis House this Night : and that 
 
56 NEEEMIAH WALLINGTON'8 
 
 Not to omit that bloody plot of the Bishops and 
 popish faction, in January 1641, spoken on before; 
 how they had privately made seven Articles against 
 Mr. Pym, and" four other worthy parliament men, 
 wherein they were all arraigned of High Treason. 
 And when they had it obscurely composed, they sent 
 it to be presented to the King's Majesty, and that 
 he would vouchsafe to give his assent thereunto and 
 proclaim them Traitors. Thus we may see their 
 malicious minds, who, when they saw men glorious 
 in the kingdom, and that stood for the safety, peace 
 and prosperity of the Eealm, did study to supplant 
 those noble Members, being the next way to 
 supplant the whole Kingdom besides. Thus we may 
 understand their diligence to set the City and King- 
 dom together by the ears ; thus we may see their 
 intents to alienate the Upper House of Parliament 
 from the the Lower House, and the King from both : 
 yet being somewhat frustrated of their expectation 
 of imprisonment of those Members whom they im- 
 peached, their malice would not stop there, but it 
 extended farther. Wherein they privately again and 
 obscurely composed Articles against Mr. Calamy, 
 Mr. Burton, Mr. Marshall, and with divers other 
 famous Divines striving to suppress the laborious 
 and painful Ministers of the Word and Gospel, for 
 because they could not bring the parliament into 
 
 there was one Francis Moore, an Italian, that could give a further 
 account of this business,' it is Obdbeed, That the said Francis Moore 
 shall be sent for to come and attend this House presently." — Lords' 
 Journals. Possibly om- writer thought that all foreigners were French- 
 men ! 
 
HISTOBIOAL NOTICES. 57 
 
 dissension, and discord among themselves, they 
 strived to reduce the Church to Heresy, and pro- 
 miscuous distractions, intending to suspend the 
 chiefest pillars thereof. 
 
 After intelligence was given to some joint Con- 
 federates with the Rebels, that eighteen were sent 
 to Newgate, they amongst themselves appointed a 
 meeting in Milford Lane, where they consulted to 
 set the City of London on fire, in vindication of 
 their friends, and taking an oath amo;igst themselves 
 to confirm their resolution. Credible information 
 was given to divers Constables, who summoned 
 a strong watch, and apprehended 36 more of them, 
 who are now committed to safe custody. This was 
 about February 1641. 
 
 On Monday the 21st oi March : " There was a Bill 
 read in the House of Commons, for the taking away 
 of all Innovations in any Church or Chapel, that 
 hath been set up within these twenty years. As the 
 Altar-Rails before the Communion Table, Pictures, 
 Images, or Crucifixes, and that all Chancels be laid 
 even, and the steps before the Communion Table, or 
 Altar taken away. In this BiU there is a clause for 
 the strict keeping and observing of the Lord's day. 
 And that week day Lectures be set up in all 
 places." ^ 
 
 Tuesday the 22nd of March in the House of Com- 
 mons "against Scandalous Ministers, that there 
 shall be Commissioners appointed in every County 
 to enquire after such as within this three years last 
 
 ' Continuation of the True Diurnall of thePassages, &o.. No. 11. 
 
58 NEHEMIAE WALLINGTON'S 
 
 past as have been Tavourers of the late Innovation, 
 any ways scandalous in their lives, or have neglected 
 preaching six weeks together, to be removed from 
 their places, and others put in their room," * 
 
 " Then there was a conference with the Lords con- 
 cerning the information lately received from the 
 Governor of Rotterdam in Holland, of a great fleet 
 prepared in Denmark which by means of the Lord 
 Dighy should have been transported over to Hull. 
 To which Declaration, the Lords having declared 
 their assent, appointed three Lords to carry the 
 same to his Majesty, to Yorlc next morning." ^ 
 
 " Then the Lord Admiral sent a message to the 
 Commons, that he had sent a gentleman over on 
 purpose into France, to make diligent enquiry what 
 provisions of war there were made, and that he was 
 now returned, and brought him credible information 
 that there are 25 able ships made ready for sea, 
 and five fire ships, being all of them victualled for 
 six months, but whither, or upon what service they 
 are intended is not as yet known." ° 
 
 Saturday, the 26th oi March. — "The Lords sent 
 a Message to the Commons that there was one Mr. 
 Cartwright, had informed them of News from France, 
 whereupon the said Mr. Cartwright being called into 
 the House of Commons,' afiirmed that he had lately 
 received very good Intelligence by letters from 
 
 ^ Continuation of the True Diurnall of the Passages, Ko. 11. 
 " Continuation of the True Diurnall, &c. 
 « Ibid. ' Appendix, Note EEB. 
 
HISTOEIOAL NOTICES. 59 
 
 France, from men of great worth and credit ; that 
 there is an Army of seven thousand men, ready 
 raised there, which are intended to be transported 
 for England, by the 5th of April next, but to what 
 intent is not yet known, 
 
 "Mr. Speaker also declared that he had lately 
 received letters from Dover, That they have received 
 Intelligence thereof, a great Army prepared in 
 France, suddenly to come for England or Ireland." ' 
 
 And the last Saturday before/ " came news to the 
 House that the French King had sixty sail of men 
 of war at sea, hovering between the Coast of Devon- 
 shire and Britain, manned with many thousand 
 of land soldiers." " As likewise of forty thousand 
 Danes to be landed at Hull. 
 
 In June 1642, The papist and malignant party 
 did convocate a council amongst themselves in con- 
 triving a destructive way to the state. They at 
 length concluded in a final determination to fire the 
 parliament House, and that they could execute this 
 in the evening. All things were thus determined ; 
 many papists and other suspected persons did 
 resort about Westminster^ But as soon as night 
 approached, the watch was set before their wonted 
 time. But at length there came a vintner's servant, 
 and intimated to some Constables there, that he had 
 once heard certain gentlemen drink with resolute 
 intentions to act something against the parliament 
 
 ^ Continuation of True Biurnall, &c. ' i. e. March 19th. 
 
 10 ^ True Diurnall of the Passages in Parliament. 
 
60 NEEEMIAH WALLING TON'S 
 
 house ; and one of them did swear that before he 
 went to bed, he hoped to warm his hands at a par- 
 liament fire, and with divers other things, all which 
 did intimate some fear and danger, which raised 
 divers of us to stand with our muskets ready charged. 
 Then whereas these malignant parsons' actors per- 
 ceived the City to take notice thereof, and that their 
 intentions would be prevented, did all depart, and 
 fled, and hid themselves in by places, and by this 
 means escaped." 
 
 [1641.] Also a letter sent to the Lord Burroives 
 intimating of a Navy with forty thousand Danes 
 to be landed at Hull,^^ but by God's great mercy, 
 when they were within ten leagues of Hull, a small 
 company of Dutch ships began the encounter about 
 twelve of the clock on Monday the 21st of March, 
 continuing fight for the space of two hours very hotly. 
 Van Trump, the Dutch Admiral, being then present, 
 behaved himself very valiantly, insomuch that they 
 sunk many of the Danes' ships ere it was two of the 
 clock, when, having spent much powder and shot of 
 either party, they resolved upon parley, which con- 
 tinued for an hour, wherein Van Trump desired the 
 perusal of their commission, and to know whither 
 they were bound, the ground of their intents ; which 
 being denied, they fell to it again, and continued till 
 it was dark, when, taking the opportunity of the 
 night being very cloudy, they fled, but the wind 
 
 ^ This paragraph is evidently one of those written acoordinfc to the 
 space founii in the hook, and not ohronolojically. 
 1" See A True Diurnall, &c. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 61 
 
 being contrary, some were driven upon the western 
 coasts of Dorset and Devonshire. 
 
 This Deliverance, (though Httle regarded by us, 
 yet it) was a very great deliverance in that the Lord 
 did raise the Dutch, and that with so small a num- 
 ber of ships, to destroy so great a Navy ; the Lord's 
 Name have all the praise now and for ever. 
 
 So there is another Hellish plot against the poor 
 Protestants in Ireland and England, sent out of 
 Rome in June 1642^ which is too long for me to 
 write. 
 
 " There is a great conspiracy discovered in France. 
 The Queen and Queen Mother had their hands in it. 
 The Cardinal Richelieu should have been made away, 
 with all the prime men of his Council,^^ and a peace 
 concluded between France and Spain, which done, 
 the Armies should have been turned against the 
 Protestants, and for aid of the Eebels in Ireland, if 
 not more. This was bragged at Vienna as if done, 
 but his Majesty, having full understanding of the 
 plot, commanded the apprehending of Mons. le 
 Grand, and all that in this adhered^ and they were 
 put in prison. This is happy News for England, 
 and the well affected va. Ireland ; great joy is in 
 France for the same." ^* 
 
 September the 29th the Earl of Essex having 
 gotten possession of the City of Worcester, the Town 
 informed him that there was much gunpowder laid 
 
 " See A Perfect Diurnall, No. 3. 
 
 " From An Extract of severall Letters . . . collected and published 
 to prevent False Information. L642. 
 
62 NEHEMIAE WALLINGTON'S 
 
 in a vault near his Excellency's lodgings by the 
 Town Hall ; and it was confessed by some that 
 were taken prisoners, it was to blow up his Excellency, 
 and to destroy as many of his Forces as they could. 
 This plot was discovered by a worthy gentleman, 
 one Mr. John JaoTcson, an Inhabitant of the said 
 City of Worcester. 
 
 October the 8th, there was also a discovery made 
 to the Parliament, of a very treacherous Conspiracy 
 against the Earl of Essex; That one Captain 
 Dallison, a Scotchman, should go to the Army, and 
 he with his Confederates should use means to set 
 the Magazine for the Army on fire, and so to blow 
 up his Excellency with the Army, and that this 
 Conspiracy is fostered by some in the King's Army, 
 who daily expect to hear it. 
 
 October the 20th, there was a plot on foot to 
 fire this City of London, for the effecting whereof, 
 the Shops and Warehouses that have flax in them, 
 should first have been fired. 
 
 November the 12th." — There was a cross petition 
 made by the malignant parties, as those that were 
 monopolists, with their letters patent, and it was 
 contrived in the King's Army, It was a petition 
 for peace without truth, for so some of them did say, 
 " So we have peace, hang up truth." This petition 
 was carried to the House of Lords with some 
 hundreds, and they bid them come in a less number, 
 with seven or eight ; but at last the Lords told 
 them they must have the Consent of the Mayor and 
 
 " This date appears to have been December. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 63 
 
 Common Council of London, before they can grant 
 their petition, but on the [19th] being Monday, 
 there was hundreds of those malignants with their 
 weapons, gathered together in Guildhall,^^ at such a 
 time when all the chief Council was there. And 
 these Malignants shut the gates upon themselves, 
 and barred them fast with the Tables, intending to 
 cause them to set their hand to their petition, or 
 else to have destroyed the Mayor and Common 
 Council, as afterward did more appear; for four of 
 them took an iron bar, as much as they could carry, 
 to have broke open the door where the Council 
 were, but they could not, for they had set chests 
 and bars against the door. And then the train 
 band came, and two or three pieces of ordnance 
 was fetched, and set against the gates of the Hall, 
 and when they see that, then they opened the 
 gates, and so dispersed ; but afterwards some of 
 the Chief Contrivers were sent to prison, as they 
 deserve. Much viUany was in this plot, but I yet 
 know not the full of it, and know not whether 
 I set it down right, but it is to the same effect, 
 though it be not in order." 
 
 December the 2nth, when our Parliament forces 
 had taken Chichester in Sussex, and the last night 
 the Parliament Commanders being at supper, notice 
 was given that the malignants had plotted, for there 
 were seven barrels of gunpowder in the cellar, with 
 a burning match sticking in one of them, and it was 
 made known by one of their own gunners, that it 
 
 « Gile Hall. " See Appendix, Note FFF. 
 
64 NEHEMIAE WALLINOTON'8 
 
 was to blow them up, and so to have freed their 
 prisoners/^ 
 
 . A list was presented to the House of Commons of 
 the Chief Actors in that business, whereupon it was 
 ordered that the Sheriffs of London should take 
 a speedy course for the apprehending of them, and 
 commit them to prison to have speedy trial. 
 
 " See JRushworth, part iii. vol. ii. p. 100. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 65 
 
 XXYII. 
 
 Copt of a Letter from Hull — Sir John Hotham's Speech to 
 THE Knights' Meeting at York — The King dbclabeth himself 
 ON HowoRTH Moor — A Letter from York — Heavy and Sad 
 Times with the Poor People of God — God gives Victory to 
 His People. 
 
 The Copy of a Letter sent from the Inhabitants of Hull, 
 to the Worshipful the High Sheriff, and the rest of the 
 Gentry in the County of Yorh, now attending his 
 Majesty s pleasure, April 30, 1642. 
 
 " GrENTLEMEN, — Now (if evei) stand fast, quit 
 yourselves as Fathers of your Country. Let it 
 appear before Grod and all the world that truly 
 generous blood runs in your veins ; evidence, in 
 God's Name, your heartiest loyalty and dearest 
 affection to his most Sacred Majesty; but while 
 you remember the King, forget not the Kingdom ; 
 for the Lord's sake, put not asunder those things 
 which God hath so nearly joined together. Oh 
 consider the honour, the cause of God, the good 
 success of this present parliament ; your lives, liber- 
 ties, your temporal, your spiritual welfare, lie aU 
 bleeding this day at your feet, and earnestly suppli- 
 cate your best assistance; tell us, we beseech you, 
 shall we die, and you live ? Can it possibly go well 
 with you, while ill with us ? Is it not your own 
 cause and quarrel, nay, God's and the King's, 
 VOL. n. r 
 
66 NEHEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 which we maintain ? Stand you not as much 
 interested and as deeply engaged to appear, for 
 God and the King's Honour, as we ourselves ? 
 Were we disposed to recriminate, we could anathe- 
 matize '- before God and man the worthlessness of 
 those unreasonable men, who such^ the great zeal9ts, 
 not only for the ruin, but the eclipsing of the glory 
 of this blessed parliament. But our intent only is, 
 to beg that at your hands which in Justice you dare 
 not, and in Charity (we are sure) ought not, to deny 
 us, and that's your help and utmost endeavour in 
 this nick of our greatest necessity. Be assured 
 there was never a greater prize in your hands than 
 at this time. In poor Hull are embarked two of the 
 richest Jewels in the world, God's truth, and Chris- 
 tendom's peace, each of which in valuation far exceed 
 a King's ransom. We delight not in a needless and 
 superfluous expense of words, and therefore we shall 
 in short tell you what we, or rather God, expects 
 this day at all your hands : — 
 
 " That you (and that with instance) petition his 
 most Excellent Majesty to vouchsafe the influence 
 of his Eoyal favour and gracious presence to his 
 great Council, the High Court of Parliament, the 
 only way, (in human apprehension) to stanch the 
 bleeding wounds of Ireland and distracted England ; 
 that you now help the Lord against the mighty ; 
 that with as humble boldness, you manifest your 
 extreme unwillingness to come in a hostile way 
 against us, lest you bring guiltless blood upon 
 
 ' Anathomize. 2 « Suohe. To seek ? B,ohson. "—naUiwell 
 
HISTORIGAL NOTICES. 67 
 
 your own heads, and kindle such a fire in England as 
 will never be quenched. Assure yourselves that, 
 without much caution and greatest circumspection 
 you may raise up such a spirit as will not be con- 
 jured down again in haste. Worthies, ponder, we 
 beseech you, our present but sad condition. Set 
 yourselves before God's awful bar ; make our case 
 your own. Let your consciences speak. Would you 
 betray so great a trust committed to you, by so 
 great a Council? Would you that we should 
 wound through your sides Heaven and Earth ? 
 What shall you attempt against us ? Will it in the 
 reflection result upon God the King, the Church, 
 the State, yourselves ? Would you to satisfy a 
 good King, set open the gates, and with the same 
 courtesy gratify, a very bad company, who seek 
 nothing less than either the safety of His Majesty's 
 Eoyal person and posterity, or the security of his 
 Dominions and liege people? Would you have 
 us wash our hands in your dearest blood? In 
 sum, would you have us render you the people of 
 the King's wrath? We are confident you would 
 not. Do then as you would be done unto. Strike 
 in, we beseech you, efiectually, whilst you have 
 time. Put not God upon another course of deliver- 
 ance, lest the honour of Yorkshire be laid in the dust 
 for ever. Oh give us in this great strait real testi- 
 mony of your affections, and you shall for ever have 
 the acknowledgment of the real obligations of all. 
 
 " Your affectionate Friends and Humble Ser- 
 vants in the poor Town of Hull." 
 
 F 2 
 
68 NEEEMIAS WALLINOTON'S 
 
 1642. — The 18th of May, there came another 
 letter from the Lord Fairfax, Sir Philip Stapleton, 
 and other Committees of the Commons House of 
 Parliament residing at York, shewing what dangers 
 that poor country lies under, which is too large for 
 me to write of here. And of the protestation of the 
 Freeholders there, May 13th, 1642. 
 
 About this time there came news that there were 
 many assembled together in a warlike manner in the 
 county of Yorkshire, and that there is great prepara- 
 tions for war made in this county, and divers other 
 adjoining counties, which strikes terror to the hearts 
 of all true Protestants, some of the Malignant 
 party saying that the world will never be good till 
 there be some blood of the puritans shed. 
 
 Some Part of a Speech made ly Sir John Hotham, a 
 Member of the House of Commons, at the Meeting of 
 several Knights and Gentlemen in the said County on 
 the 23rd of May. 
 
 " My words at this time shall be confined to these 
 two heads, which indeed are twins, not to be 
 separated. The first is an encouragement to gain 
 perfect honour from your Sovereign. Let loyalty 
 be the rule of all your actions, if yo\i intend to 
 be really honourable, for honour not grounded on 
 loyalty is like friendship without love, lost in a 
 moment, and oft times grows the greatest enemy. 
 
 " Next, let your loyalty take its limit from law, 
 otherwise in doing things seemingly good, the end 
 may prove dangerous, and your loyalty prove worse 
 
HISTOBIOAL NOTICES. 69 
 
 than disloyalty. Therefore the next is obedience to 
 the parliament, that pious and judicious Council 
 whom you in particular, and all the Kingdom in 
 general, have chosen as fit men to discuss and 
 examine all causes that have dependency on his 
 Majesty's safety and the Kingdom's security. Now 
 to disallow of what is by them thought convenient 
 both for his Majesty and the Kingdom's security, is 
 to condemn yourselves of folly that you have chosen 
 men in whom you cannot confide in ; but to give 
 you one general reason why the subject being com- 
 manded by the parliament ought not to disobey 
 their commands, though by the King commanded 
 the contrary : 
 
 "Because the parliament being called and esta- 
 blished by the authority of Ihe King and consent 
 of the Kingdom, hath power to command and effect 
 all things that are agreeable to law, tending to the 
 preservation of his Majesty's peace and welfare, and 
 the general good of the subject, they being by King 
 and people entrusted with that weighty and great 
 charge ; And if they should foresee an imminent 
 danger threaten his Majesty's person, or the general 
 good, and should not take speedy care to prevent it, 
 they should make a violation of that faith and trust 
 reposed in them. So on the contrary part, if they 
 foreseeing a danger, by their councils and commands 
 endeavour to prevent it, and the persons by them 
 commanded falsify their trust; they are traitors 
 both to their Eoyal Sovereign, and destroyers of 
 the Kingdom. 
 
70 NEEEMIAE WALLINOT0W8 
 
 " This is the truth ; and this is my glory that God 
 has so far enabled me to undergo so great a task, 
 and this is my hope, that all of you will manifest 
 your loyalties to his Majesty, and obedience to the 
 parliament." 
 
 Three Letters of Dangerous Consequence read at a Con- 
 ference of ioth Houses of Parliament, the two first from 
 Rotterdam, dated July the 1st. The other from Mr. 
 WiLMOT to Mr. Ckofts at the Hague, dated July the 
 22nd, 1642. In which appears a Desperate Design of 
 the Lord Digby, Capt. Hide, Sir Lewis Dives, Mr. 
 Jermin, itZr. Peect, and divers Cavaliers, which you 
 may read in the Booh at large. 
 
 July the 3rd.— It was informed to the parliament 
 that above one hundred sail of ships of the Denmarks 
 are put to sea, with many thousand Foot, and very 
 many Horse ; their voyage is pretended to France 
 for salt, but it is well known that light Horses do 
 not use to carry salt by sea. 
 
 This 3rd of June at a Common Hall in London, the 
 loan of one hundred thousand pounds was required 
 by the parliament from the city, for the affairs of 
 England and Ireland, which was granted with so 
 general alacrity and readiness that it being desired 
 aU against the loan would hold up their hands, 
 there was not a hand lift up throughout the Hall, 
 except one, who began to speak, as was conceived, 
 against the same ; whereupon he was immediately 
 hissed into shame and silence.^ 
 
 ' See Appendix, Note GGG. _ ■;, 
 
EISTOBICAL NOTICES. 71 
 
 June the 4tli, I. bought a book of the Oaths of 
 the Kingdom,* taken out of the Parliament EoU 
 1 He. 4, N. 17, as likewise a book with letters,' one, 
 the Lord Willoughhy of Parham, the King's letter, 
 the Lord of Warwiclcs letter, and the King's decla- 
 ration in making the Prince Captain of the troop to 
 secure his Majesty at York in going against Hull. 
 
 The 3rd of June the King, attended with divers 
 Lords of the House of Peers, and 140 Troopers of 
 Knights and Gentlemen of the County of York, and 
 some of the House of Commons, with 800 of the 
 Trained bands as foot guards, appeared this day on 
 Howorth Moor, where were between sixty and seventy 
 thousand Freeholders and others. After his Majesty 
 had ridden about the field, he declared that that 
 which he had to say to them, he had put in print, 
 and so dispersed the same through the field: At 
 
 * A small 4to. pamphlet, pp. 8. " Printed at London for T. Bates 
 and F. Coules, June 4th, 1642." — King's Pamphlets. 
 
 " " The Lord Willoughhy of Parham his Letter to an Honourable 
 
 . Member of the House of Parliament. 
 
 His Majestie's Letter to the Lord Willoughby of Parham. 
 
 The Lord Willoughby of Parham his Letter in answer 
 
 to His Majestie's. 
 
 With 
 
 The Message of the Lords to the House of Commons upon 
 
 the said Letters. 
 
 As also 
 
 The Lord of Warwick's Letter to his brother the Earle of Holland.- 
 
 And 
 
 The Declaration or Resolution of the Officers in the County of Essex, 
 
 to the Barle of Warwick, Lord Lieutenant of that County. 
 
 With the Approbation of both Houses concerning the same. 
 
 Printed for Joseph Hunscott and John Wright." 
 
 (Printed by Order of the Parliament, June 9, 1642.) — King's Pamphlets ; 
 
 4to. pp. 16. 
 
72 NEEEMIAH WALLING TON'S 
 
 the delivery thereof, divers of the Cavaliers and 
 others shaked their hats over their heads, and the 
 people cried, " Grod bless the King, God unite the 
 King and parliament, and God turn the King's 
 heart ; " and with this they followed the King from 
 the Moor to the City, Sir John JBourcher, and the 
 Freeholders, and [he] reading a petition openly in 
 the field, desired the King to comply with his Parlia- 
 ment. The Lord Saville having notice thereof, came 
 iu a furious manner to Sir John Bourcher, saying, 
 " Sirrah, what pamphlet are you reading there ? " 
 who answered, !No pamphlet, but the thing which 
 he could justify. " What is it ? Some seditious 
 petition ? I command you to deliver it," which 
 he refusing, the Lord Saville was ready to take 
 him by the throat, and laying his hand upon his 
 sword, threatened what he would do to him, if he 
 did not deliver it ; whereupon the Freeholders who 
 approved of the same were earnest to lay violent 
 hands on his lordship, but Sir John Bourcher, 
 desirous to avoid shedding of blood, delivered the 
 same. But of this you may see more at large iu 
 the letter by me. 
 
 And in another letter fromFor^ it is said that 
 these Cavalier rebels, they will go to houses, and 
 take anything they have a mind unto, and say, 
 " Let's see who dares say us nay." They will also 
 familiarly come into a Tavern, or Alehouse cellar, 
 and knock out the bottom of the vessels, and make 
 nothing of it to drink so long as they think good. 
 So likewise if they have occasion for clothes, boots, 
 
HISTORIGAL NOTICES. 73 
 
 or any other commodities in the City, they take them 
 without demanding what's to pay, promising when 
 they receive pay or pillage to pay them, which upon 
 the least opposition, they slash them with their 
 swords. And in like manner hath the whole 
 country of York undergone the punishment that 
 these Cavaliering Rebels thought fit to inflict on 
 them. As likewise in contempt of all justice, 
 they have abused many honoiirable personages 
 employed by the parliament in York, and other 
 places, swearing bitterly they will be revenged on 
 the puritan parliament, and other adherents [of] 
 the Citizens of London. Of this, and of much 
 more misery in other countries you may see in 
 the book or letter that lies by me. 
 
 June the 6th. — The Commons received report, 
 that the Queen had pawned the Jewels of the 
 Crown at Amsterdam, for two hundred thousand 
 pound, and that a great part of the money is 
 presently to be sent to York to the King, and 
 that there is one Mr. May, a Merchant in Lon- 
 don, hath received Bills of Exchange for the pre- 
 sent payment of sixteen thousand pounds to his 
 Majesty. 
 
 Also, about that time a " letter was presented 
 to the House by one Mr. Web, a Merchant, which 
 came from Amsterdam, informing him that there is 
 a great storm rising in the north. That the Queen 
 had lately pawned or proffered to pawn a very rich 
 Collar of pearl, and that there is twenty brass pieces 
 of ordnance, and some other pieces, with a hundred 
 
74 NEEEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 barrels of powder, provided there to be sent to his 
 Majesty." " 
 
 Also about the 12th of June, the Lords and Com- 
 mons received a letter from Holland, which the Earl 
 of Northumberland read in Guildhall, that there 
 is at this time at Amsterdam many thousand of 
 carbines and pistols, three thousand great saddles, 
 three hundred barrels of powder, eight pieces of 
 ordnance, making ready to be sent to England, for 
 to make war against the parliament, and it is 
 thought to be bought with part of the money 
 borrowed on the Jewels of the Crown. Likewise a 
 Chain of Pearl and other Jewels, sent back, rftoney 
 being denied to be lent on them, by reason of the 
 late order made by the parliament to the contrary. 
 
 These and the like assurances of danger caused 
 the Lords and Commons now resident in parliament 
 to publish several propositions in general to all the 
 kingdom. And the Earl of Northumberland did 
 declare, at the Hall where the Lord Mayor and 
 Aldermen, with the Common Council of the City 
 were assembled, upon what grounds they did pro- 
 ceed, a,nd their causes of fear, which were these : — 
 
 First, because his Majesty, by the persuasions of 
 
 * From DiurnaU Occurrences. 
 
 " Die Sabbati, 11° Junii. 
 
 " Mr. Beaucham.p, being called in ; was demanded what lie knew of 
 the warlike Provisions or Ammunition preparing at Amsterdam: He 
 knew no more than what the Letter from his Brother saith. 
 
 " He knew the Hand to he his Brother's. 
 
 " The Letter speaks of a Storm he fears, from the North, in regard 
 there is great warlike Preparation at Amsterdam now in preparing." — 
 Commons' Journals, 1642. 
 
HISTORIOAL NOTICES. 75 
 
 tlie Malignant party, doth endeavour to force a dis- 
 solution of parliament, to which end by several per- 
 sons, and in several countries, he hath endeavoured 
 to raise Arms. 
 
 . 2. That these foreign preparations of Armour, 
 purchased with the Jewels of the Crown, can por- 
 tend nothing less than such a dangerous design. 
 
 3. That these armed Cavaliers at York, commit- 
 ting several outrages, on his Majesty's Subjects, 
 giving out several words against the parliament, 
 both dangerous and scandalous, is a free declaration 
 of their intents what they intend to put in act, if 
 they once gain strength by their supposed foreign 
 supplies. 
 
 To these they added these Propositions : — 
 
 1. Whether it stood not for the better security 
 of the City in general to venture a proportionable 
 stock for the maintenance of Forces to defend and 
 secure the general [stock] from the danger of such 
 intended Stratagems. 
 
 2. Whether it were not much better for those 
 that had plate or money to put it into a general 
 stock, the faith of the whole kingdom being engaged 
 for the return of it, than to let such plate or monies 
 be made pillage and prey to the enemies of the 
 kingdom. 
 
 To which Pro^positions they added these Reasons : — 
 
 That for such monies or plate so ventured, if 
 the kingdom stood, they were assured to receive 
 
76 NEHEMIAE WALLINGTON'S 
 
 the value again with interest, and the rest of their 
 estates secured, but if the contrary, they could 
 neither keep that, nor aught else, their lives and 
 estates running on equal hazard. These Proposi- 
 tions with the reasons were generally liked and 
 condescended unto. 
 
 In a letter from York, June the 17th, on Monday 
 at ten o'clock, sixteen soldiers of Sir Rohert Strick- 
 land's Regiment, with divers Cavaliers, came vio- 
 lently and outrageously to Alderman Vaux house, 
 broke all his windows, pulled up his two great posts 
 at his door, carried them away to be burnt in the 
 Court of Guard, saying they were Round Heads. 
 They would have had the Alderman, to have torn 
 him. There was in the house Sir Philip Stapleton, 
 Sir Hugh Chamley, Commissary Wilmot, and a lord 
 besides, the Lord Howard; the Sheriffs and Lord 
 Mayor were sent to for help, but none came, after 
 which done, and they all gone, one of the most 
 forward in that rout, and a trooper, falling out in 
 words drew [swords] : The trooper at a blow struck 
 the other's hand ofi" in which his sword was. 
 
 Also the Earl of Newcastle, Earl of Newport, 
 and Captain Legge, we hear, are gone to ensure 
 Newcastle with a thousand men ; also to Carlisle is 
 gone Sir Nich. Byron ; two van loads of arms 
 follows them, and two troops of horses follow 
 them also. At Hull they fortify daily at the North 
 Gate next the river ; an earth wall is built for two 
 rows of musketeers, the gate blocked up with earth. 
 So is Myton Gate ; they have planted a piece on either 
 
BISTOBIOAL NOTICES. 77 
 
 side, one in the top of tlie gate, where in every gate 
 two look us in the face as we go in, and at every gate 
 besides three pieces, one on either side, one aloft. 
 
 Yet praised be God there is some good news, 
 for here are letters read in the House of Commons, 
 which came from Ireland of the besieging of divers 
 Castles, wherein the Eebels had great strength, and 
 of the slaughtering of a great multitude of Rebels, 
 and finding twenty thousand pound in one of the 
 castles they took from them ; and that they had 
 taken an Island which the Eebels had, of almost an 
 invincible strength. 
 
 Also about this time there was two ships with 
 the wind were driven into the Harbour of South- 
 ampton ; and they were searched, and found to be 
 laden with great store of powder, for of that kind 
 of provision all their lading did consist of, and being 
 examined where they were to transport that com- 
 modity, they boldly answered. That they were sent 
 to supply the Lord Mountgarret, and his Forces in 
 Ireland, who, they understood, had very much need 
 of it. Upon this confession the shipping was stayed, 
 and the goods seized npon, and the men themselves 
 stayed in Southampton until it shall be further deter- 
 mined of them. Thus it pleased God to defeat the 
 intentions of His enemies, and to frustrate the de- 
 signs against His Children. 
 
 This month oiJuly divers letters came out of many 
 counties, concerning the papists and malignants, 
 [who] did strive to set the Commission of Array,' 
 
 ' See Appendix, Note GGG. 
 
78 NEEEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 and many Igips \_sic'], deridefal words, mocks and 
 scoffs, and reproachful terms by them, were cast upon 
 the Honourable Court of Parliament, with many 
 threats and great preparations to the ruin of them, 
 and this Honourable City of London. As also 
 Letters out oiJIoHand, from the Queen, and sending 
 of Arms and Ammunition to the same intent, yet 
 God doth keep, and will preserve His Church, so 
 long as they trust in Him. 
 
 July the 4th, there were letters read in the House 
 that came from Amsterdam,^ That there were two 
 of the King's ships there which attend the Queen, 
 laden with great store of Ammunition and pro- 
 visions for war, coming for England, and that they 
 have taken in about ninety Cavaliers into the Ships, 
 amongst whom are the Lord Dighy, Mr. Percy, 
 Jermyn, and Daniel O'Neale ; and that they stayed 
 there but for the opportunity of a fair wind ; and 
 that the Queen hath pawned, or proffered to pawn, 
 a Jewel valued worth four hundred thousand guilders. 
 There was also a letter read in the house of Com- 
 mons, which was intercepted from Commissary Wil- 
 mot to the Cavaliers in Holland, informing them 
 of the passages here, and in derision of the parlia- 
 ment." 
 
 There were also letters brought to the Commons, 
 from York,^" informing that the King intends to 
 put the Commission of Array in execution there 
 
 * See A Perfect Diumall. 
 ° 3ee Rushworth, part iii. vol. ii. p. 745. 
 '" See A Ferfect Diumall. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 79 
 
 very suddenly ; that there is about a thousand 
 horses with complete arms in York, and that there 
 is within eight miles of York, about a thousand 
 horse more ; that the Lord Dighy is at York with 
 his Majesty, and in great favour. Also there was 
 information given against one Mr. Elliott at York 
 with the King, of some dangerous words which he 
 should speak against the King and parliament to 
 this eflfect, that he had thought we should have 
 been altogether by the ears long before now, and 
 that if the King had been as good as his word, the 
 parliament before this time should have had all 
 their throats cut ; further adding with a great oath, 
 that the King would stand to nothing. 
 
 July the 11th. — "There was also letters read in 
 the Commons, which came from Hull, informing that 
 the King is again come to Beverley, and hath brought 
 a great company of horse and foot to besiege Hull, 
 and [they] have begun to intrench themselves, and 
 to make means to drain the water, which Sir John 
 Hotham hath let out to preserve the town, that they 
 have taken twenty-four pieces of ordnance out of the 
 ship which ran ashore there, and placed them in 
 several places to stop the passages by sea and land, 
 and that the King's forces much increase daily." '^ 
 
 July the 18th. — " There was in the House of Com- 
 mons letters read from Sir John Hotham, informing 
 that the Cavaliers have made divers attempts by 
 night against Hull, intending to burn the same in 
 several places, and that whilst the soldiers should 
 
 " From A Perfect Diumall. See also Appendix, Note III. 
 
80 NEHEMIAE WALLINQ-TON'S 
 
 be busy in quenching the fire, they would scale the 
 walls, and seize upon the town ; but, by Grod's 
 mercy, this enterprise was prevented by Sir John 
 Hothams vigilance, who so played upon them by 
 his cannon shot that they soon left their enterprise, 
 only they b^rnt two windmills which belongeth to 
 Hull. The Earl of Newport being also in this de- 
 sign was, by the waft of a cannon shot, dismounted 
 from his horse, and cast into a deep ditch of water, 
 where, had he not been caught ^^ hold of by the 
 hair of the head after once or twice sinking, he had 
 lost his life ; which passage being afterwards told 
 to his Majesty, the Archbishop of York being pre- 
 sent, made answer that it was well his Lordship was 
 not a Eoundhead; if he had, he might have been 
 drowned, for that then he would have had little 
 hair on his head to have been holden by. 
 
 " Sir John, by the same letters, also informeth 
 that he had taken a small pinnace with three great 
 pieces of ordnance, and divers of the Cavaliers with 
 some horse that were going to Lincolnshire side to 
 stop the passage on that part to Hull."^^ 
 
 The Earl of Warwick, also, by letters, informed 
 that he had sent some other of his ships to Hull 
 who, by his direction, had cleansed the passage by 
 sea, and demolished all the works that were raised 
 by the Cavaliers for the intercepting of the passages 
 to Hull. 
 
 Also the 6th of this month of July, the Earl of 
 Warwick by letters informed that Captain Slingshy 
 
 '2 Catohed. '" From A Perfect Diurnall. 
 
EISTORIOAL NOTICES. 81 
 
 and Captain Wake stood out, "whereupon," saith 
 he, " I let fly a gun over them, and sent them word 
 I had turned up the glass upon them, if in that 
 space they came not in, they must look for me 
 aboard them. I sent to them my boat, and most 
 of the boats in the fleet. Their answer was so 
 peremptory that my Masters and sailors grew so im- 
 patient on them that, although they had no arms 
 in their boats at all, yet Grod gave them such courage 
 and resolution, that in a moment they entered them, 
 took hold on their shrouds, and seized upon these 
 Captains, being armed with their pistols and swords, 
 and struck their yards and topmasts, and brought 
 them both to me. The like courage and resolution 
 was never seen amongst unarmed men. So, all 
 was ended without efiusion of blood, which I must 
 attribute to the great God of heaven and earth only, 
 who, in the moment that I was ready to give fire 
 on them, put such courage into our men to act, and 
 so saved much blood." 
 
 But now to go on of this 18th of July. " Upon 
 debate of Sir John Hotham's letters, it was ordered 
 by both houses that there should be ten thousand 
 pounds sent to Sir John. Hotham to pay the soldiers 
 and provision of wine, beer, corn, and other victuals 
 for six weeks, and that there should be six small 
 ships sent to remain there, and fitted with ordnance 
 to do service in shallow water of 6 or 7 feet deep, 
 upon aU occasions. 
 
 " This day also came letters to the Houses from 
 Ireland informing of the late death of the Lord 
 
 VOL. II. G 
 
82 NEHEMIAH WALLINOTON'S 
 
 President of Munster,^* whose loss is very much 
 lamented. There was also relation by the said 
 letters of a great battle lately fought in that place 
 with the rebels, besieging of the Lord President's 
 castle, where the Protestants, with a small number, 
 put two thousand of the rebels to flight, and kiUed 
 about seven hundred of them, and took great booty. 
 Also, in the county of Limerick, marching with five 
 hundred musketeers and three troops of horse, they 
 set upon five and twenty hundred of the rebels, 
 drove them out of their quarters, and had killed off 
 near five hundred of the rebels.^^ 
 
 "It was also by the said letters informed that 
 divers of the Commanders that came from hence 
 begin to slight the service there, and make means 
 to come for England again, giving out what great 
 purchase they could make of their service here at 
 this time."'^ 
 
 July the 20th, it is said in a letter from York 
 that " divers Commanders out of poor Ireland, 
 who left their employment against the rebels to 
 come against us, produce C. H. for their warrant. 
 
 " " Our most Notle and never enough to be lamented Sir William 
 Leger, President of this Province, is departed this life, dying in his bed, 
 of au infirmity which his Phisitian sayes was occasioned by this rest- 
 lesse care and study in his charge." — " A True Eelation of the late 
 Occurrences in Ireland, in two Letters. London. Printed by A. N. 
 for Edw. Blackmore, July 18, 16^2."— King's Pamphlets. 
 
 >5 See " An Exact Eelation of the Victorious Battels Fought by the 
 English! Wherein they put to flight 2200, and killed 700 of the Eebels 
 at Oardoughen in the Province of Munster. London. Printed by L. N. 
 and J.'F. for E. Hmlarnds, and J. Franhe." — Ibid. 
 
 >5 From A Perfect Diurnall. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 83 
 
 It is a sad business ; the Lord of His mercy help 
 us!"^» 
 
 " Here are Messrs. Hide and Holhorn, two lawyers 
 that do much mischief; the one makes himself as 
 familiar with the King as if his fellow ; hath been 
 seen several times to pull his Majesty by the cloak 
 and, when he talks with him, to play with his 
 Majesty's band-strings ; the other will maintain the 
 legality of the Commission of Array." ^* 
 
 July the 28th. — There were letters read in the 
 House of Commons from Sir John Hotham, inform- 
 ing that the Cavaliers had lately in the night time 
 made another attempt against Hull, which he, dis- 
 covering, soon drove them from their enterprise, 
 after some small skirmish, in which some of the 
 Cavaliers were slain, but the number he could not 
 learn, it being their policy, so soon as any are killed, 
 to carry them away privately, for fear of discouraging 
 the rest ; but the paths v/ere seen to be much 
 strewn with blood. 
 
 July 30tli. — " There was information given at the 
 Bar in the House of Commons against one Mr. Sym- 
 mons, a Minister, for preaching that we are bound 
 to do all that his Majesty commands, and believe 
 all that his Majesty saith, and other like words." 
 
 One Colonel Rose, a Scot, with a musket ball was 
 shot under the arm ... it is thought it is mortal, 
 it is reported he went swearing and cursing away, 
 
 " Prom " Advertisements from York and Beverly, July the 20th, 
 1 642. London. Printed in the yeare 1642." Small 4to. pp. 4. — King's 
 Pamphlets. " From ditto. See also Appendix, Note JJJ. 
 
 G 2 
 
84 NEHEMIAE WALLINGTON'S 
 
 saying had he been so long in Germany under the 
 King of Sweden, and must he now be slain by Sir 
 John Hotham. At Beverley they are afraid they 
 shall not be freed of the Cavaliers a long time. . . . 
 
 [1642. — "About August, in Ireland, the Eebels 
 being at one Mr. Rames' house, and they taking in 
 all his Father's Books for to burn them, that great 
 God and Lord of Host that sent swarms of flies to 
 plague cruel King Pharaoh, that did so oppress His 
 Children o^ Israel; This God did send a swarm of 
 Bees out of a Garden into the house where these 
 cruel Eebels were, that did sting them so bitterly 
 as that they were forced to flee away, and for that 
 time left their mischief undone." " 
 
 This Finger of God makes me call to mind an- 
 other great work of God, which I did hear of very 
 credibly, which was in the year 1625, when those 
 wicked cruel Bishops caused that reverend Minister 
 of God, Mr. Elton, his Books on the Commandments, 
 to be buried in Cheapside. While they were a burn- 
 ing, a man that brought more quires of these books 
 (that he had found out) and laid them on the fire. 
 And that great and mighty God that hath the com- 
 mand of the wind and fire, this God did command 
 His wind to blow one of those sheets of paper out of 
 the fire again, and to lap about this man's face (as 
 he stood to see them burn) and it did so burn his 
 face very much that he was in miserable pain.] 
 
 " From " Exceeding Happy News from Ireland." London. Printed 
 for T. Eider, X^iZ.— King's Pamphlets. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 85 
 
 XXVIII. 
 
 Pillaging and PLUNDEEnsra — The Settingj up of the King's 
 Standaed at Nottingham — The Mebcy op the Wicked is 
 
 CbDELTT ; WHAT then IS THEIR CeUELTT ? — God's WoNDEEFUL 
 
 Peeseeving some Houses fbom Buening — Gee at Cruelty 
 AND Plundeeing — That Malignant Paety is fuethbe 
 Strengthened. 
 
 August the 1st, 1642. — "There were letters brought 
 to the Parliament^ and read in both Houses, which 
 the Earl of Warwick intercepted at sea in a small 
 Cabanet going for Holland. One of them was from 
 the King to the Queen, wherein he writeth to her 
 to send him three thousand saddles, three thousand 
 muskets, two hundred firelocks, four pieces of can- 
 non for battery, one cannon, one demi-cannon, two 
 whole culverins, two mortars, four petards, ten field 
 pieces of six pound bullet, mounted, one hundred 
 barrels of powder, round shot, and case proportioned 
 to the several pieces, two thousand pairs of pistols, 
 one thousand of carbines, one thousand pikes." ^ 
 
 " Another letter from Mr. Thomas Elliot, at York, 
 to the Lord Digby, where he writeth that things 
 goeth very well at York, and that he feareth no- 
 
 ' See " Two Letters, the One from the Lord Dighy to the Queen's 
 Majestie ; the other from Mr. Thomas Elliot to the Lord Dighy .... 
 Also a Noat of such Armes as were sent for by His Majestie out of 
 Amsterdam, under his owne Hand. London. Printed by R. 0. and 
 G. D. for John Bartlet, 1642. (By Order of the Parliament.)"— JKn/s 
 Pamphlets. See also jSome Speeiall Passages, No. 11. 
 
 ^ From A Perfect Diurnall. 
 
86 NEHEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 thing, but that the King will hearken to the Par- 
 liament for accommodation, but he hopes the Queen 
 wiU write to his Majesty to hold firm his resolution; 
 and another letter from the Lord Dighy to the 
 Queen, all of them being sent a good while since." ^ 
 
 August the 2nd, in a letter from York, wherein is 
 specified how "the country-people complain miser- 
 ably that they enjoy nothing that they have. That 
 the Candebed men, and Cottingham men, and New- 
 land men, they say, they dare not be seen to read a 
 good book, but he that doth not banish God and good 
 men, he is no company for the Cavaliering rebels. 
 Not to omit the Cavaliers have planted three pieces 
 of ordnance at Hassel to hinder any passage by 
 water ; and, a keel coming towards us, the principal 
 gunner shot at her, and missed. He swore . . . if he 
 did not sink her the next shot ; and the piece brake 
 in pieces, and killed the gunner and some others."* 
 
 August the 11th. — The Lord Mayor of London, for 
 his defaults to the King and kingdom, came to the 
 Lords' House to receive sentence upon his impeach- 
 ment, the effect whereof was that he should be put 
 from his Mayoralty, never bear office in the city or 
 ■commonwealth, be incapable of aU honour and dig- 
 nity to be conferred on him by his Majesty, and 
 stand committed prisoner to the Tower during the 
 pleasure of both Houses .° 
 
 8 From A Perfect Diurn'all. 
 
 ■* From " An Abstract Of severall Letters from Ewll, York, and 
 Beverley, of his Majestie's proceedings. London. Printed for Ben. Allen 
 in Pope's-Head Alley. August the second, 1642." — King's Pamphlets. 
 
 " See " The Parliament Censure on Sir likhard Qurney, Lord Mayor 
 
EI8T0RICAL NOTICES. 87 
 
 August the 12fcli there came a letter from Fresh- 
 ford^ concerning the Cavaliers that were at Wells, 
 how these Cavaliers went from thence to a town 
 called Shipton Mallet, and, marching about the town, 
 found out all the honest religious men's houses that 
 were there ; those houses they brake into, plundered, 
 and robbed, especially of all arms and ammunition, 
 and made the owners, their wives, and their children, 
 to forsake their houses, and hide themselves for fear 
 of their lives. . . . 
 
 August the 17th, "a letter was presented to the 
 Houses from York, informing the true state of the 
 King's army, that he hath about four thousand 
 horse and two thousand foot, the greatest part 
 thereof being very desperate, . . . and inconsiderate 
 persons that daily commit great outrage in the 
 country, pillaging and spoiling all that seem any 
 ways well affected to the Parliament, and commit 
 great spoils up and down the country without any 
 
 of the Honourable City oi London, August 12, 1642, with the Articles 
 of his impeachment. London. Printed for John Cave." Sm. 4to. 
 pp. 8. — King's Pamphlets. 
 
 * This letter, dated from Freshford, August 7, 1642, and written by 
 John Aisle, (M.P.) is entitled, " A Perfect Eelation of All the passages 
 and proceedings of the Marquesse Hartford, the Lord Paulet, and the 
 rest of the Cavelleers that were with them in Wels. With the valiant 
 resolution and behaviour of the Trained-bands and other Inhabitants of 
 those parts, for the defence of themselves, the King and Parliament. 
 As also what belpe was sent from Bristoll to their ayd: with the 
 manner of the Lords and Cavaleers running out of the Tbwne. And 
 many other things very remarkable. As it was sent in a Letter from 
 the Committee in Summersetshire to both bouses of Parliament. . . 
 12 August, 1642. London. Printed for Joseph Eunscot and J. Wright." 
 Small 4to. pp. 8. Printed by order of the Parliament. — Ibid. 
 
88 NEEEUIAH WALLINGTON'8 
 
 respect of persons, whereby the country is very 
 sorely oppressed by them."' They pillaged divers 
 gentlemen's houses about Hull. I will relate but 
 one, and that is of one Mr. Marwood's house.* " It 
 was done in the day-time, and by twenty-four horse, 
 or thereabout ; part stayed beyond the river run- 
 ning close by the house, and others kept watch that 
 none should come to hinder their attempt. They 
 threatened Mrs. Marwood and her servants with 
 death to discover where her husband was, and swore 
 they would cut him to pieces before her face. . . . 
 They searched all the house, and brake open seven- 
 teen locks, they took away all his money, being 
 about a hundred and twenty pounds, and all his 
 plate they could find, and they pretended they had 
 the King'^ warrant for all their doings, which the 
 King disavows, and is offended to have his name so 
 abused. And, though it be Mr. Marwood's lot to 
 suffer first, yet the loose people threaten to pillage 
 and destroy all Roundheads, and name some parti- 
 cular persons, under which foolish name Eoundhead 
 they comprehend all such as do not go their ways."' 
 August the 22nd, 1642, the King set up his stand- 
 ard at Nottingham,}" " The likeness of this standard 
 is much of the fashion of the city streamers, used 
 
 ' Prom Borne Speeiall and BemarJcable Passages from both Bouses of 
 Parliament. 
 
 ' At Nunmunchton, five miles from York. 
 
 9 Prom " A Pull Relation of all the late proceedings of His Majestie's 
 Army in the County of Torhe, with the present state and condition of 
 things there." Printed (by order of the Parliament) for John Wright. — 
 King's Pamphlets. ^^ See Bushworth, part iii. vol. i. p. 78. 
 
HIBTOEIOAL NOTICES. 89 
 
 at the Lord Mayor's show, having about twenty- 
 supporters, and is to be carried after the same way ; 
 on the top of it hangs a bloody flag, the King's 
 arms quartered with a hand pointing to the crown 
 which stands above with this motto : ' Give Csesar 
 his due.'"" And so, through evil counsel, pro- 
 claimed the Earl of Essex traitor, and raising war 
 against his liege people and best subjects/^ This 
 day at Nottingham, the Cavaliers, having disarmed 
 all the townsmen that had arms sent from the Par- 
 liament, three householders refusing to deliver their 
 arms, which they bought with their own money, were 
 committed close prisoners to Nottingham Castle. 
 They plunder all men's houses whom they please to 
 call Eoundheads, and bring in cartloads of house- 
 hold stuff, and sell them before the court gate. 
 
 August the 22nd. — " As the carrier^^ was going 
 with a waggon of clothes for the soldiers at Dublin, 
 which he was to leave at Westchester, and ship 
 them for Dublin, near Lichfield, the Lord Comptons 
 troops seized on the waggons and clothes, and dis- 
 posed of the clothes among the soldiers, and carried 
 away the waggon and horses, to the undoing of the 
 carrier, who told them what great want the poor sol- 
 
 " "It is a long pole like a May -pole, (Jyed red, on the upper part 
 whereof hangs a large silken flag (in forme of a scutcheon) with a Bed 
 Crosse, and two Lyon Passants upon two Crownes." — A Letter from a 
 Gentleman neere Nottingham, fo a friend in London. " London, printed 
 for T. Underhill, Sept. 1, 1642." Folio sheet. — King's Pamphlets. 
 
 ^ Prom " A true and exact Relation of the manner of his Maiestie's 
 setting up of His Standard at Nottingham, on Monday the 22nd of 
 August, 1642. London, printed for T. Coles." — Ibid. 
 
 ^ " William Whitaher by name." — Sushwmih, partiii. vol. i. p. 777. 
 
90 NEHEMIAH WALLINOTON'S 
 
 diers were in Ireland for clothes, and how this act of 
 theirs would countenance the rebels that can have 
 such friends in England to do that for them here, 
 which they would do there if they could; but all 
 would not prevail to have anything restored." " 
 
 August the 25th. — At Rotterdam Mr. Henry Jer- 
 mine is very free in offers both to commanders and 
 common soldiers to come for England ; two thousand 
 he proposes, four thousand is intended. The pre- 
 tence is, to conduct them over for England, and that 
 he intends to land at Nevjcastle, or Portsmouth, [with] 
 the same O'Neal that brake out of the Tower of 
 England after he was accused of high treason by the 
 Parliament, that went hence with Prince Rupert, 
 and with letters from the Queen to the King, who 
 we hear is safely landed with Prince Rupert at 
 Newcastle. 
 
 From Rome, August 30th. — " Here is great 
 thirsting after news out of England. One friar 
 John, Secretary to one of the Cardinals, is the only 
 man that engrosseth the English intelligence, and 
 is very diligent in making the same known to the 
 Pope and Cardinals. The Pope is contriving a way 
 to send some money into England to help to main- 
 tain war against the Parliament, and to relieve the 
 rebels in Ireland, for it is conceived that these wars 
 do very highly concern the whole Catholic cause." ^' 
 
 September the 27th. — There came letters to the 
 House from Chester, informing that the Cavaliers 
 have plundered Sir William Bremerton's house, and 
 
 " From SpecMl Passages, No. 3. '" Ibid., No. 7. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. ' 91 
 
 divers other gentlemen's, and honest Ministers' in 
 that county, and have endeavoured to put the 
 Commission of Array in execution there, in which 
 business the Lord Chomley and the High Sheriff 
 have been most active, and in levying of soldiers 
 upon the county, and making war against them, 
 whereupon they were both voted guilty of high 
 treason, and ordered that an impeachment should 
 forthwith be framed against them for the same. 
 
 Some fart of the Lord Paulet's Cruel Speech to his 
 Soldiers at Sherhorne, on Wednesday hefore the fight, 
 being the 1th day of September, 1642."" 
 
 " Fellow soldiers, our spies are returned, with 
 news so good as that I can scarce find in my heart 
 to wish for better, our adversaries being so naked 
 in a defenceable condition, as that I do as certainly 
 assure myself of victory as if an angel from heaven 
 had foretold it." 
 
 (This speech is so full of lies that I want patience 
 to write further of it. But it is also as full of 
 cruelty :) " For," saith he, " only I shall interest 
 you to observe these following directions in and 
 after the victory. 
 
 " Give quarter to none that wears the sword, no, 
 not to the Earl himself; deafen your ears, and 
 harden your hearts against all cries and prayers for 
 mercy. But if you meet with any of their clergy, 
 
 '" From " The Latest Remarkable Truths from Worcester, Chester, 
 Salop, Warwick, Stafford, Somerset, Devon, Torke, and Lincolne 
 Counties. Most of which was sent up Poste from judicious men, of 
 purpose to be printed. London. Printed for T. Vnderliill. 1642." 
 
92 NEHEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 reserve them for more exquisite torments and a 
 lingering death. I intend to have them flayed 
 aHve, but if any of you can find a more tormenting 
 and weightier punishment, I shall give place unto 
 it. Be favourable to the town and townsmen of 
 Yeovil, for they are, most of them, our well-wishers. 
 As for the Eoundheads that are among them, they 
 shall be to-morrow singled out for the slaughter. 
 But when you come to the puritanical towns, 
 Taunton, Crewkerne, Bristol, Dorchester, and Exeter, 
 then let your swords cruel it without difference of 
 age, sex, or degree. Let those three counties of 
 Somerset, Dorset, and Devonshire, be fattened with 
 the blood and carcases of the inhabitants, that they 
 may not make head against us. I am ravished with 
 delight, when I consider the renowned glory, great 
 plenty, rare pleasure, rich and brave booties that 
 court yoa. There is not the meanest soldier among 
 you but shall have more wealth than he can over- 
 come, more choice and delicate booties than the 
 great Turk. These things well invite you beyond 
 any eloquence of mine ; therefore, dear hearts, com- 
 fort your hearts with this, that you are able to look 
 them dead."" 
 
 Let all the Atheists in the world come and see if 
 there be not a God. Eead and consider the won- 
 derful works of God, that God which would not let 
 the fire kindle or burn His three Children when 
 
 " " For this speech I cannot believe the Lord Paulet had any such 
 intention, much lesse a tongue to utter it." — A Perfect Melation, or 
 Hvmmary of fifty Bookes. London, 1642. — King's PampJilets. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 93 
 
 they were cast in the fiery furnace in Daniel iii. 23, 
 24, 27, that very same God you may see here, doth 
 wondrously preserve this His Servant's house from 
 burning. Let the fury of the enemy do what he 
 can ; therefore : — I will praise the Lord with my 
 whole heart. I wiU speak of all thy marvellous 
 works. — Psalm vs.. 1. 
 
 [1642. September the 9th, one Mr. Coltman, 
 being by God's providence at his Country house 
 at Fleckney in Leicestershire, having another Farm 
 house in Gumly two miles from the said Fleckney, 
 one of his servants came unto him like one of JoVs 
 messengers, with a relation that Prince Rupert with 
 his troops were in their fields, and had taken five of 
 his horses, and had burned his houses and barns. 
 But it fell out otherwise, by the power and provi- 
 dence of God, though it was attempted, and ear- 
 nestly endeavoured, on this wise. 
 
 Captain Sands, puUing a note out of his pocket, 
 made no stop till he came to the said Mr. Coltman''s 
 house, then he commanded his servants (or soldiers) 
 to go into the house and fire it; who accordingly 
 went into the house, fetched out fire, raised the 
 thatch, and put the fire in, and kindled it, (the 
 thatch being extraordinary dry and combustible). 
 But so soon as the wretched persons were down, 
 the fire went out, and fell after them upon their 
 heads, and thus they did three several times with 
 the same success as at the first. 
 
 The mean time the Captain and other of his 
 soldiers, continued belching out hideous oaths. 
 
94 NEHEMIAE WALLINGTON'S 
 
 Then the Captain assayed to fire it himself on this 
 manner; he went to a poor man's house, from 
 whence he brought a wisp of straw, put fire into 
 it, then put it into the thatch again, the fire 
 flaming. But the Captain no sooner came down 
 from the ladder, but the fire went out, and fell upon 
 his head again. This not taking efiect (he) went 
 into the said house, where a woman was brewing, 
 took two great firebrands of fire, went up the 
 ladder, (like a hangman to do execution) again 
 put in the burning brands into the dry thatch^ and 
 kindled it with fanning his hat to and fro, till it 
 did burn, as he thought, to consuming, but with the 
 same success as before, this being the fifth time of 
 their ungodly attempt, for the Captain no sooner from 
 the ladder, but the brands fell after him as before. 
 
 Then with hideous oaths he commanded the 
 soldiers to shoot their carbines in several places 
 of two haystacks together, one of them being very 
 old hay, yet God would not let it fire. Then they 
 returned only burning and slamming" themselves 
 in rage and malice. 
 
 One of the neighbours asked why he would burn 
 that house. His answer was, because he was a 
 Eoundhead. There were many spectators who were 
 exceedingly astonished at this miraculous preserva- 
 tion, saying they never knew in their lives before 
 but when fire was joined unto dry stubble it would 
 burn to consumption. So this servant of God es- 
 caped only with the loss of four horses ; but if his 
 
 " Slam ; to -beat or cuff violently. 
 
mSTORICAL NOTICES. 95 
 
 house had been biarnt, he had lost about six hundred 
 pounds, his barns being full of corn and other 
 things. All praise and Glory be given unto God. 
 
 This wonderful work of God I did hear Mr. 
 Coltman relate it himself, and that reverend Minister 
 of God's word, Mr. Pecke, wrote it from his mouth.] 
 
 September the \(}th. From Leicester. 
 
 Here we have been used not like Christians, for 
 in small villages of thirty and forty houses we have 
 had fourscore or an hundred rogues, rascals bil- 
 leted, and they take our goods, horses and jades,'' 
 and sell our barley at twelve pence a bushel, and 
 at this rate sell away all our goods, and take what 
 they left, pay nothing, but take all on free hand ; 
 and we dare not speak to them, but they threaten 
 Prince Rupert will burn all when he comes, if we 
 furnish him not with money. Here be some out- 
 landish Cavaliers of his crime ; good Lord, deliver 
 all good English people from such miscreants, who 
 make no more of a man than of a dog. His Majesty 
 said he would have no papists to be of his guard, 
 but there be of his war many papists, nay, some be 
 worse than heathen or any Infidels. 
 
 From Oxford, September the IQth. 
 
 Last Sabbath day at night, being the 28th of 
 August, between 11 and 12 o'clock, came two 
 hundred and fifty Troopers, or thereabouts, from 
 his Majesty, as they pretend, to assist the uni- 
 versity against the parliamenteers ; who having 
 
 '' " A hired horse : a -worthless nag." — Johnson. 
 
9f) NEEEMIAE WALLINOTON'S 
 
 obtained the Vice-Ohancellor and Mayor's hand for 
 their safe conduct, [were] ushered into the Town 
 by such applause by our scholars as made the 
 streets ring. The Roundheads, which were not 
 a few, depart the city for fear. The Innkeepers, 
 many of them, would not stir to give them enter- 
 tainment, whom since they have threatened to fire 
 their houses about their ears. Divers outrages are 
 daily committed by them against the townsmen and 
 others, which is more fit to be the subject of a 
 History than a letter ; their often taking away 
 victuals, arms, poor countrymen's commodities, 
 which they would bring hither to the Market, the 
 robbing of some, breaking of Houses and pillaging 
 the same, and sundry other outrages, as, calling for 
 things and not paying a farthing for it, threatening 
 others with pistols ready cocked at their breasts, 
 that demand what was due for their own. 
 
 " The Cavaliers in Shropshire, and all other places 
 where they come, disarm all Towns and families 
 well affected to the parliament, plundering their 
 houses most vehemently, carrying away and spoiling 
 all their goods, terrifying the inhabitants extremely, 
 and driving them to fly for their lives, taking many 
 prisoners ; and they have lists of the names of all 
 active persons whom they seize upon, and do most 
 mischief unto ; Papists' and malignants' houses gene- 
 rally escape their cruelty ; if a running army be not 
 raised to run as fast, the whole Kingdom is in great 
 danger suddenly to be run over. Prince Rupert's 
 Army most part consists of Papists, who deal most 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 97 
 
 cruelly with all good men, and Ministers, and all 
 that have opposed the Commission of Array." ^'' 
 
 Namptwich, September 24th. — " The Commis- 
 sioners of Array in Cheshire, met upon Monday 
 last, at a house on the forest of Delamere, and as we 
 hear, they combined together by an oath of secrecy, 
 to plunder and disarm the town of Namptwich, which 
 they have done by the assistance of about fifteen 
 horse which came from Drayton to meet them, under 
 the command of the Lord Grandison. The in- 
 habitants of the Town, having certain intelligence 
 of what they intended against them, presently as- 
 sembled in consultation to take a course for securing 
 of themselves, and Mr. Glutton, an active Gentle- 
 man, was resolved to fight it out, and disarmed the 
 under-sheriff"s man, who came from the Cavaliers, 
 who would not hear talk of any parley, but gave 
 express command to the townsmen of his own 
 company to give fire as soon as the Cavaliers shall 
 come within shot, and not to admit of any parley ; but 
 other gentlemen of the Town persuaded the contrary, 
 lest it should be fired, whereupon they came to parley. 
 The Lord Grandison and the Lord Cholmondeley 
 engaged their honours that no man should be hurt, 
 nor any arms or goods taken, but only desired that 
 the arms might be laid up in the Church, or the Town 
 HaU till they heard further from the King ; where- 
 upon the town was given up, but they dishonourably 
 broke their engagement, seizing upon their arms, so 
 soon as they entered the town, searching up and 
 
 ^ The Latest Rema/rkable Truths, &c. 
 VOL. II. H 
 
98 NEEEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 down for arms, and men; threatening many, pur- 
 suing them that fled ; many took the river to escape 
 them ; they stopped the passages of the town, to be 
 revenged of them within it, rid up and down the 
 gardens to find them out, and imprisoned many*; 
 then they plundered the town and all the country, 
 which now lies ' open for a prey to a perfidious 
 enemy, conducted and strengthened by them of the 
 Array, to all such places where they have been most 
 serviceable to King and parliament. If speedy help 
 come not, we shall be utterly desolate. This intelli- 
 gence is from many eye witnesses," ^' 
 
 " The Earl of Rivers hath five pieces of ordnance, 
 ten barrels of powder, and sixty bullets landed at 
 Frodsham, September 17. The Lord Strange, Sep- 
 tember 19, brought two thousand men and two 
 Troops of Horse to Warrington, and are there billeted 
 for 8 days, and hath 11 pieces of ordnance; besides 
 'tis reported he expects three thousand men out of 
 Cumberland, Westmoreland, and Northumberland." ^^ 
 
 September the 15th. — The Cavaliers have dis- 
 armed most of the trainbands in Leicestershire and 
 Derbyshire, and plundered divers gentlemen's houses 
 of good quality, as Sir John Curzon's, Mr. Milling- 
 tons house. Members of the House of Commons, and 
 divers others. The barbarous Cavaliers in a most 
 inhuman manner murdered an honest woman in 
 Leicester, by shooting her with a brace of bullets, 
 whereupon she immediately died. They have burnt 
 
 ^ Abridged from The Latest Remarkable Truths. 
 ^2 From The Latest Bemarkahle Truths. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 99 
 
 divers honest men's houses, who will not separate 
 the King and parliament. They have plundered 
 Sir Edward Modes house in Yorkshire, and then 
 burnt it to the ground. One Mr. Augustine Harper, 
 an honest Gentleman, as he was travelling upon the 
 road, was apprehended by the Eebels, dismounted 
 and disarmed, and the Lord Carnarvon told him he 
 would try whether he was a Eoundhead, and ten- 
 dered him the Bible, to be sworn upon- it, that he 
 would assist the King with his life and fortune, to 
 destroy the parliament ; which the Grentleman re- 
 fusing, was committed. The truth of this is deposed 
 upon oath, as also the King sent his warrant for the 
 plundering of Mistress Piggot's house in Nottingham. 
 The King had a muster this last week; there 
 appeared three . thousand two hundred foot, one 
 thousand whereof had no arms, about a thousand 
 of Dragoons, and two thousand Horse. The Lord 
 Z)z7fo7i commands in chief over the Irish Eebels and 
 Irish papists, and commanders that are about his 
 Majesty, of which there are a great number, and 
 none in greater favour than they. The Lord 
 Lieutenant of Ireland is wearied with his continued 
 pressing of his Majesty that he may go over to his 
 charge ; but such is the power of the Irish Eebels 
 and papists at Court that he cannot have his 
 dispatch, after six weeks' stay at York and Notting- 
 ham. How doth this stand with his Majesty's 
 professions to help the Protestants in Ireland, and 
 taxing the House of Commons with delay in sending 
 over the lieutenant, as he did in one of his Messages, 
 
 H 2 
 
100 NEHEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 and yet himself to delay the Earl o? Leicester's going 
 over ? It is for certain the Earl of Leicester told his 
 Majesty that it would much reflect upon his Majesty 
 in the opinion of his subjects, if he did fetch away 
 the Horses from Chester, which the Parliament had 
 sent thither for the relief of Ireland, yet could not 
 prevail; for Errington did obey the warrant, and 
 did bring them, who is a papist. 
 
 September the 11th. — There is certain intelligence 
 from the Mayor of Pembroke that this last week he 
 hath taken divers examinations upon oath of several 
 persons come from Wexford and other parts in Ire- 
 land, being to this effect : That O'Neal is come from 
 Inlanders into Ireland in a Spanish bottom which 
 carrieth 22 pieces of ordnance, and brought in her a 
 great quantity of arms and ammunition, and about 
 300 soldiers, most of them commanders; that a Hoy 
 of about 40 ton and 2 pieces of ordnance, came along 
 with her, laden with ammunition ; that they took 7 
 or 8 English and Scots ships, some laden with corn, 
 others with salt and coals, and another ship with 5 
 bags of Bullion, and other good commodities. That 
 the Commander of the ship wherein O'Neal came 
 did declare upon his oath in the Deponent's pre- 
 sence, that O'Neal had a commission from the King 
 to oppose aU English and Scots that opposed him ; 
 that O'Neal had six ships in the North of Ireland, 
 expects six more from Dunkirk, four from Spain ; 
 and another of the witnesses deposed upon Oath 
 that he was \skte\y at Nantes in France, where there 
 were six ships making ready for Ireland, Irishmen 
 commanding them, two of them carrying. 12 or 14 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 101 
 
 pieces of ordnance, the rest 9 or 8 pieces, and great 
 store of ammunition, and one of the soldiers did 
 declare they went to help the Catholics in Ireland 
 against the English there, and would be in England 
 likewise before long. 
 
 September the 13th. — In Gloucestershire the Cava- 
 liers burn the corn growing in the field. 
 
 This day the Parliament returned an Answer to 
 the King's Message to this effect, That whilst his 
 Majesty sends Messages about a Treaty, oppression, 
 rapine, firing of houses, are committed by the autho- 
 rity of those Commanders [upon those] whom his 
 Majesty holds himself bound in honour and con- 
 science to protect. 
 
 September the 21st. — There were letters read in the 
 House of Commons which came from Ireland, that 
 the whole Kingdom is in a most lamentable con- 
 dition, a great part of the Protestant forces dying 
 for want of means, the Rebels having received great 
 supplies by O'Neal's going over into Spain : Whereby 
 they are so much increased they are above ten for 
 one against our forces ; the Eebels are now confident 
 the Kingdom is their own, it being their frequent 
 talk that the Protestant forces are but Eebels and 
 Traitors to his Majesty, and so accounted by him, 
 being sent over there by a puritan faction in 
 England against the King's consent, and they are 
 his only subjects, and have commission from his 
 Majesty to rid the Kingdom of aU the English and 
 Scotch, and to kill and to destroy them ; and for 
 further confirmation of this business it is informed 
 by letters that O'Neal the Arch Rebel, with his 
 
102 NEHEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 forces meeting in the field with Colonel Leslie, a 
 Commissioner, under the Broad Seal of England, 
 and the King's hand to it, to the effect aforesaid ; 
 which business hath so much disheartened our forces, 
 considering how the provisions appointed for that 
 service hath been stayed off by his Majesty, that 
 they stand in a maze, not knowing which way to 
 take to preserve their lives, whereby that Kingdom 
 is even at the last gasp. 
 
 The Examination 0/ Joshua Hill, taken at Northampton 
 in the presence of the Earl of Essex, General of the 
 Army, September 14. 
 
 " The King sent a letter to Master Mayor of 
 Nottingham, requiring one thousand pound, and 
 particular warrants to divers private men for two 
 hundred pounds a man, and other several sums ; 
 if this were not paid, the Cavaliers threaten to 
 plunder. 
 
 " After this his Majesty was pleased to send the 
 Lord Newark to Mr. Mayor to double the thousand 
 pound. 
 
 " Captain -Legg said, he thought Nottingham men 
 were a generation of devils ; and said if he knew a 
 Roundhead, he would knock him over the pate. 
 
 " The house of one Mistress Piggot was plun- 
 dered by warrant from his Majesty. 
 
 "The trainbands of the County of Nottingham 
 being summoned in by warrant from the Lord 
 Newark, were all disarmed by Cavaliers threatening 
 any one that refused, to pistol him. 
 
, mSTOBIOAL NOTICES. 103 
 
 " Sergeant Brown and Alderman Toplady have 
 used all possible endeavour to have taken the life of 
 one Mr. Hooper, steward to the Countess of Clare, 
 in charging of him with treason for not delivering 
 up the arms of his lady. 
 
 " There were in and ahout Nottingham near five 
 hundred Irish Commanders, Irish and papist, and 
 increased daily." "^^ 
 
 September the last. — " All the Country over within 
 12 or 14 miles oi Shrewsbury are full of soldiers ; 
 a good part of them are billeted in Prince parish ; 
 they are of the Lord Grandison's Regiment, and 
 such for condition that I think the earth affords no 
 worse. They have plundered divers men's houses 
 in a most woful manner. Tour friend and mine 
 hath had in money and goods taken from him to the 
 value of fifty pound. A gentleman of quality was 
 forced to shift for his life, and leave his house, and 
 they have taken possession of it, and live upon the 
 spoil of his provision, corn and cattle, near 20 men, 
 and at least forty horses, and shew no sign of 
 parting as yet, but endeavour the ruin of the 
 house and his goods ; and if any fault be found, 
 they threaten to burn it to the ground. They 
 commit many outrages ; they pretend quarrels 
 against the Eoundheads, but they spare none where 
 they hope of good booties." ^ 
 
 ^' From " A Perfect Eelation or Summarie of all the DeckiationSj 
 &c. Priuted for Francis Coles in his shop in the Old Bailey." 
 
 2* From " Some late Occurrences in Shropshire and Devonshire. 
 Dated September the last. London. Printed for ff. Blunden. October 
 5, 1642." 
 
104 NEHEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 XXIX. 
 
 Skirmish at Worcester — God's Wonderful Preserving the Town 
 OF Manchester — A Few to overcome Many — Heavy and Sad 
 Times in Plundering and Pillaging. 
 
 1642. — September the 23rd, Prince Rupert came, 
 about nine or ten of the clock into Worcester, as 
 though to fetch away those forces that lay at 
 Worcester, much endangered by the Lord General's 
 forces approaching near the City ; about ten Troops, 
 under the command of Colonel Browne, with about 
 two or three hundred Dragoons drawn from an ad- 
 vantageous plot of ground, where they had pitched 
 safely to prevent the Cavaliers' flight, were fiercely 
 assailed at great disadvantage, with all Prince 
 Rupert's forces, supposed to be strong five thousand 
 horse ; they valiantly charged against the Cavaliers, 
 and had a cruel and bloody fight till it came to sword's 
 point. Colonel Fine ' himself rode up to their chief 
 Commander, thrust his pistol at him, discharged and 
 slew him outright. Lord John ^ is thought to be 
 slain or desperately wounded ; Prince Rupert is re- 
 ported to be shot through the thigh. The parlia- 
 ment forces, being far too weak, were forced to 
 retreat. The Lord General's forces being not come 
 in, some of them retreated into Worcester with the 
 Cavaliers, and being discovered in the streets of 
 
 > Probably Captain Nathaniel Fiennes. » Sir John Byron, 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 105 
 
 that city, they had another bitter skirmish in the 
 streets where divers were slain. The Cavaliers 
 came into the City wofuUy mangled and bloody ; 
 some with the flesh of their head, some with their 
 very skulls also hanging down ; some with their 
 ears cut oflF, and their pistols and carbines being 
 hacked away which they held up for the guard of 
 their heads. ^ 
 
 [Remember His marvellous works that He hath 
 done : His wonders, and the Judgments of His 
 mouth. — Psal. cv. 5. 
 
 Lord, thou art my God, I will exalt thee, 
 I will praise thy Name, for thou hast done wonder- 
 ful things. — Isaiah xxv. 1, 
 
 This also cometh from the Lord of Host, which 
 is wonderful in council, and excellent in works. — 
 Isai. xxviii. 29.] 
 
 \_September the 24th, being Saturday, the Town 
 of Manchester in Lancashire, having some Malig- 
 nants in it, and multitudes of papists near unto 
 it, and being reputed a religious and rich town,* 
 hath been much envied, and often threatened, by the 
 
 ' See " A perfect and trve Relation of the great and bloudy Skirmish 
 Fought before the City of WorcesUr, upon Friday, Sejotemb. 23, 1642. 
 London, printed for Jo. Thomas, Octo. 3, 1642." 
 
 * " In the parliamentary publications of the day, Manchester is repre- 
 sented as ' a zealous and godly place,' and held out as an example to 
 others. In Lancashire and in Yorkshire, it is said, there are more 
 papists than in all England besides, and yet God bath most admirably 
 shewn his power, by a handful of men in each of his shires, supporting 
 the Gospel, and the growth of the Protestant religion, against the com- 
 missioners of array, and their forces. In this warfare, the trainbands of 
 Manchester were the most distinguished." — Baine's History of the 
 County of Lancaster. 
 
106 NEHEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 Popish and Malignant parties. And at this time 
 the difference was hetwixt the Lord Strange and the 
 Town, and that ahout giving up of the Arms to 
 him for his Majesty's use ; but more particularly it 
 was intended for plundering and oppressing the 
 poor Christian people, which is that which did pro- 
 cure the malice of the .blaspheming enemy ; but, ' 
 blessed be God, notwithstanding the cruelty of the 
 enemy, which was barbarous, for aU his strength, 
 which was about, as related (three thousand as 
 some say) three hundred horse strong, and eighteen 
 hundred foot, well armed, and seven cannons shot 
 off about fifty or sixty times, with great iron bullets, 
 that [exceeded] all the fire balls that were made, 
 which were many. Nay, though he caused the out- 
 side of our town to be burned, which was done, yet 
 God hath delivered us from all his plots, most 
 miraculously, in an unparalleled and unheard of way. 
 Blessed be the name of our God, for though we 
 were but weak in comparison of our enemy, and 
 though we had our greatest enemies as well within 
 us as without; though we were a divided people 
 and a distracted people, that wanted ammunition, 
 powder, and shot, and that all our passages were 
 stopped up by the enemy, that we could hardly, but 
 with the danger of our lives, get victuals, or in- 
 telligence from any other place ; though we were 
 worn out by want of sleep for many nights together, 
 and out in wet service in the field against the 
 enemy by day, and keeping our centuries ^ by night ; 
 
 ' i. e. guard. 
 
EISTOEIOAL NOTICES. 107 
 
 yet God miraculously delivered us, and set us at 
 liberty again ; and the Lord Strange departed from 
 us yesterday, whicli was Saturday in the afternoon ; 
 that though he had deprived us of a former Sabbath, 
 yet he had not power to deprive us of another, but 
 he hath removed his cannons, and the soldiers, some 
 of whom having disbanded themselves after their 
 captains were slain, as there were three great 
 commanders slain, one was Captain Standish, that 
 was captain of foot soldiers ; another was a Cornet 
 of the light horse ; the third was one that shot off 
 the cannons. And now the Lord Strange hath 
 taken away all his forces home, and (for anything we 
 know) he doth intend to keep them about his own 
 house, for the safety of his person and estate ; as he 
 is afraid to be carried to the Parliament to answer 
 for what he hath done, and the truth is that there 
 is such terror stricken into the heart of him and his 
 soldiers, as that it is thought he will never be able 
 to lift up his hand in this cause, he hath had so ill 
 a bargain of this ; for, as relation is, he hath lost 
 two hundred men, but it is not certainly known, 
 but an hundred and fifty is thought to be the least ; 
 for it hath been the sharpest service, that is thought 
 was in England for many years ; for upon Monday 
 last there was hot service in the field for three hours. 
 In which service were many of the Lord Strange 
 his men slain, and upon Tuesday was as great and 
 desperate service betwixt Salfard, (where the Lord 
 Strange's people was) and Manchester, in which 
 service was many slain of the Lord Strange's men. 
 
108 NEHEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 Three of a heap was seen slain together, the next 
 day, and since, until the Lord Strangers going away ; 
 daring the time that he had either powder or shot, 
 there hath been much blood shed on his side ; and 
 blessed be God, of a certain truth it is, for all the 
 cannon shot and musket shot, but two of our 
 soldiers hath been slain, and two others; a boy 
 that was shot, standing upon a stile looking about 
 him, and the other was a man that was looking to 
 find a bullet that was shot, was killed by another 
 in the mean time ; and these four is all that hath 
 been slain, and one or two more hurt, but not so 
 as to take away life ; cannons have been shot over 
 men's heads, and touched their apparel, and yet none 
 hurt by them. And by reason of an office that 
 I had of providing meat for the soldiers, and to 
 bring it to them, I had two cannon buUets shot over 
 my head, and did touch my next fellow's garment, 
 and, blessed be God for ever, none hurt at all. It 
 is an unheard of deliverance, for which we in the 
 Town, and gentlemen of the country, and soldiers, 
 have cause for ever to be thankful to God for so 
 great salvation ; for salvation hath been our walls 
 and bulwarks. This day hath been sermons of 
 thanksgiving for our deliverance in three several 
 places of the Town, besides the Churches' per- 
 formances, and we are to-morrow to have a solemn 
 day of thanksgiving for God's great mercies instead 
 of our last day of our fasting, which, by reason of 
 the occasion we were deprived of. 
 
 Much hurt hath been done in the country by 
 
HiaWRICAL NOTICES. 109 
 
 plundering and pillaging, and in Salford^ by the 
 Lord Strange's soldiers ; but God we hope, will 
 make all good if the Parliament will not ; but there 
 is hope they will, yet however, the cause of God 
 hath prospered as it hath, men are content with 
 their loss, and though we do not fear the Lord 
 Strange his coming again much, yet we are resolved 
 to stand npon our strong guard, while the Parlia- 
 ment forces come to us. 
 
 Further, the Lord Strange did never enter upon 
 any place of the Town, save that he burned one 
 barn of corn, and two or three cottages, and was to 
 give the man forty pound that set them on fire ; 
 but he was slain before he returned back, and is dead 
 and buried, (in our custody) before he received his 
 wages. So that the Lord Strange had no other 
 composition,' but as he came with a wicked and 
 malicious heart and intention, he is gone away with 
 a tortured conscience burning within him, as he con- 
 fesseth, and with a shout of defiance he was sent 
 away withal. 
 
 Further there was a Gentleman of Stopleard, five 
 miles from Manchester, one Mr. Leigh, that would 
 have brought one hundred and fifty soldiers to have 
 added to the Lord Strange, but when the soldiers 
 heard that the design was against Manchester, 
 though they were his tenants, they would not come ; 
 here God sheweth His mercy to us ; so if all these 
 were put together, they would be set forth a mighty 
 
 ' Soutforth. ' Compensation. 
 
110 NEHEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 deliverance, blessed be our Grod for ever. — Manchester, 
 October 2nd, 1642.' 
 
 I did hear that in another letter mention [was 
 made] of a bullet that glided close to the hair of the 
 upper lip of a man, and did him no hurt. 
 
 The Lord Strangers soldiers, some of them, wept. 
 Others protested great unwillingness to fight against 
 Manchester, affirming they were deluded, or else 
 they had not come thither. Thus the Lord hath 
 preserved an unwalled Town from being destroyed 
 by a great Army, consisting, as some say, of four 
 thousand, some say three thousand, seven pieces of 
 ordnance, two hundred dragoons, an hundred horse- 
 men. To God alone be all the praise !] 
 
 October the 5th.— There came " information that 
 his Majesty hath drawn all his forces into an entire 
 body about Shrewsbury,^ and intends to put the dif- 
 ference between him and his Parhament to a speedy 
 issue, for that otherwise he cannot keep his forces 
 together, they are in such distress for want of 
 means, their whole subsistence being by plundering 
 and pillaging, which they are licenced to do." " 
 
 As also there was information that the Earl 
 of Derby continues his siege against Manchester, with 
 three thousand men, horse and foot, sparing neither 
 man, woman nor child, insomuch that the said 
 Town is in great distress. 
 
 There came more letters to the Commons from 
 
 See Appendix, Note KKK. ' See Appendix, Note LLL. 
 
 " Prom Perfect DiurnaU, No. 17. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. Ill 
 
 Holland, signifying that the Queen hath now 
 pawned the Jewels of the Crown, and that the Prince 
 of Orange hath raised great sums of money for her. 
 And the States have made stop of four ships at the 
 Brill ; and it is informed in Holland that the King 
 of France intends to send aid to the King against 
 the Parliament. 
 
 " It is certainly informed by a godly Minister not 
 far from Shrewsbury that in one great house which 
 the Cavaliers have plundered and pillaged, they did 
 openly profess they had little to live on but what 
 they took from others. And that when they went 
 to bed, (being about sixty of them) divers of them 
 had crucifixes hanging about their necks. In 
 another great house where they were, they drank a 
 health to the good success of Sir Phelim O'Neal in 
 Ireland ; by which we may see how likely these men 
 are to maintain the true Protestant Eeligion, the laws 
 of the land, and lawful liberties of the subjects, what- 
 soever they pretend. And though they pretend they 
 search only for armour, yet they break up and 
 take away whatsoever is of worth, or can be carried 
 away, and spoil other things, cutting them to pieces, 
 and taking away many horses from the people." 
 
 ^' At Stone is said that the Cavaliers have taken 
 their cattle, and drive them to their quarters, but 
 do sell cheap pennyworths of other men's goods. A 
 Butcher went to make a purchase amongst them, 
 took a sum of money, and bought cattle at an easy 
 rate, making account of a very great gain ; but as 
 he returned, another Troop met him, and took his 
 
113 NEHEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 bargain out of his hand, and sent him home by 
 Weeping Cross." ^^ 
 
 October the lith. — South Wales. — There was 
 report made to the house that the Earl of Doncaster 
 having got a company of resolute poor decayed 
 gentlemen, they plunder as well those of the King's 
 side as the Parliament's ; and about Maize they took 
 six light horse from a gentleman, violently out of 
 his stables, and thrust the gentleman, and his 
 household servants out of the house, and took all 
 thereiu, whose plate and other furniture were valued 
 at two thousand pound. 
 
 October the 14th, from York.' — "Our condition 
 here is miserable ; above twenty houses are plundered 
 in this city, because they will not contribute to 
 maintain the Cavahers in their designs. The lady 
 Melton, who sent her goods by water towards Hull, 
 had ail her goods, money and plate, to the value of 
 a thousand pound, taken by the soldiers as they 
 were putting into the Barque. The Cavaliers 
 threaten our best Ministers, that if they preach not 
 as they wiU have them, they will kill them." ^^ 
 
 " From Speciall Passages, No 7. "I find no less than three places 
 so called . . . one is between Oxford and Banbury ; another very near 
 Stafford . . . the third near Shrewsbury. ' To retxiiahj Weeping Cross,' 
 was a proverbial expression for deeply lamenting an undertaking, and 
 repenting of it ; like many other quibbling allusions to local names. 
 ' He that goes out with often losse, 
 
 At last comes home by Weeping Cross.' — Howell's Ung. Prov," 
 — Nares' Glossary. 
 
 " Children sometimes get a fall, and then they come home hj weeping 
 cross." — Works of T. Brooks (Nicbol's edition), iv. 259. 
 
 '^ From Speciall Passages, No. 10. 
 
BISTOBICAL NOTICES. 113 
 
 The Lord General, by Ms letters, informed the 
 Houses that the King's Army consisted of nine 
 thousand Foot, and fifteen hundred Dragoons, and 
 twenty-five hundred Horse. 
 
 There was a letter read in the House of Commons 
 from Ireland, That the Papists and Jesuits have 
 incensed the Army against the Parliament, telling 
 them that the rebels have the King's hand and seal 
 for what they do ; and if they set themselves against 
 the King's authority, they will incense his Majesty 
 above what the Parliament are able to defend them, 
 his Majesty having disclaimed the courses of the 
 Parliament, and resolved to grant pardon to none 
 that hold Arms by the Authority of Parliament, 
 without the King's consent. 
 
 October 21st. — " Information was given to the 
 House, That the King of Denmark hath above eight 
 thousand men in readiness to be shipped away, but 
 upon, what design it is not known as yet ; but it is 
 conceived that they are intended for England." " 
 
 October 21st. — Intelligence was that "the King 
 himself is at Sir Thomas Littletons, fourteen mUes 
 from Worcester, and the soldiers make lamentable 
 sport of all the goods and cattle they can find. They 
 disarm all the trained soldiers everywhere, and if they 
 meet any man riding upon the ways, they bereave 
 them of their swords and horses." " 
 
 ^' From Perfect Diurnall, No. 19. See " The King of Denmark, 
 the King of France, the King of Spain, the States of Venice Navies on 
 the Seas, intended for England. With the Cause of their comming, and 
 their intents. London, printed for /. Bandon, 1642." 
 
 " From England's Memorable Accidents. 
 VOL, II. I 
 
114 NEHEMIAH WALLINQTON'S 
 
 At a conference of both Houses in the Painted 
 Chamber it was delivered by the House of Com' 
 mons (punctual proof being for every particular 
 thing there spoken of) that it appears that his 
 Majesty hath let loose the reins of the Papists 
 (whose mercy is cruelty), that by the power de- 
 rived from his Majesty to- the Earl of Newcastle, 
 his Lordship hath granted Commissions to divers 
 notorious Papists in Northumberland, Bishoprick 
 of Durham, and divers others, to be Colonels and 
 Captains to raise men. And likewise that his Ma- 
 jesty hath such a number of Irish Eebels and 
 Papists about him as is not to be beUeved; And 
 the physician to Prince Rupert is a notorious Rebel, 
 and indicted of high treason in Ireland, and that 
 the Papist hath such power with his Majesty as to 
 prevail with him to reject the receiving of any 
 petition from the parliament by the Earl of Essex. 
 And yet his Majesty by his proclamation did make 
 many of his people believe he would admit no Papist 
 near him, though none so powerful with him as 
 they. And consider how contrary this hath been 
 to his Majesty's protestations and invocations of 
 heaven and earth to witness his affection to the 
 Protesta.nt Religion. 
 
 " The Cavaliers about the King brag that they 
 have locked up the King's ears, and tongue, from 
 the lords about him, and that of late he hath 
 learned to keep his counsels from them. They 
 revile and reproach his Excellency and the lords 
 with him, and both the Houses of Parliament. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 115 
 
 And they swear that they will neither give nor take 
 quarter." " 
 
 The Cavaliers had taken three of the Lord General's 
 men, whom they bound fast to a tree, and most in- 
 humanly shot them to death. 
 
 October the 27th. — There came to the Parlia- 
 ment by one Captain Ashley from Cork in Ireland, 
 informing that the Lord Inchquin, with about six- 
 teen hundred men, set upon sixteen hundred Eebels 
 in their quarters before Connaught, when they were 
 feasting and rejoicing at the low estate of the 
 Protestant Forces ; killed seven hundred of them, 
 put the rest to flight, took so great a quantity of 
 arms that being not able to bear them out of the 
 fields for want of carriages, they burned at least two 
 or three thousand pikes, took three great pieces of 
 ordnance, and a waggon, which the Kebels had 
 laden with spare arms, with 16 of the Rebels' 
 colours, and took Colonel Butler, and one Captain 
 John Butler and divers other prisoners ; and all this 
 with the loss of only six men on our side, whereof 
 one was the Lord of Cork's second son, whose death 
 is much lamented. 
 
 As also they have lately received many great 
 overthrows by the Protestant forces, which slew 
 about one thousand of the Eebels, with the loss cf 
 not above one hundred men. 
 
 And so in October the 29th, when the Lord 
 General left about two hundred of his wounded 
 soldiers in Kineton to be cured there, who were 
 
 ^° From England's Memorable Accidents, No. 57. 
 
 I 2 
 
ne NEEEMIAH WALLINOTOJTS 
 
 all most inhumanly slain by Count Rupert and his 
 Troopers. 
 
 Report is that " Taxes, Billeting of Soldiers, and 
 plundering of men's houses, hath quite undone the 
 whole county of Shropshire. The Cavaliers take 
 men's horses away Tiolently, and if they refuse to 
 let them go, they have pistols and swords presently 
 at their breasts. The whole County of Shrojiishire is 
 so impoverished with the robbings and ransackings 
 of these Rebels, that the length of an age will scarce 
 recover their losses, and make them reparations." '* 
 
 October the 29th. — An express out oi Derbyshire, 
 that Sir Francis Worthy, a Yorkshire Malignant, is 
 come to Wirskworth, 8 miles from Derby, with two 
 troops of horse, to pillage that country. They seize 
 upon all the horses that come in their way ; they 
 pillaged the parson of Bakewell's House named Mr. 
 Eellisonne ; he withstood them as long as he could 
 with his bow and arrow, but being too weak for 
 them, they slew him. 
 
 October the 29th. — In Yorkshire, Mr. BenSon of 
 Leeds, an Attorney at Common Law, his house 
 was plundered, all his Writings, Bonds, Bills, Books 
 of Account torn in pieces, the wainscot in his house 
 pulled in piece meal, and most of his house pulled 
 to the ground. 
 
 The Rebels in Pomfret Castle, surprised eight 
 of Sir John Hotharns soldiers at Munckfroiston in 
 Yorkshire, who craved quarter upon their knees, 
 but such was their cruelty, that they with insulting 
 
 " From England's Memorable Accidents, No. 57. 
 
EISTOEICAL NOTICES. 117 
 
 language put two of them by degrees to miserable 
 torture till they were dead, and wounded and shot 
 the other six, and tied their hands behind them, 
 and carried them away in that bleeding condition 
 to Pomfret, saying, no death was bad enough for 
 Roundheads. 
 
 October the 31st, by letters from Banbury. — That 
 the Cavaliers have pillaged and plundered the Town, 
 and utterly undone the greatest part there. 
 
 In this month Prince Rupert came for England, 
 and landed at Dover with two hundred men, and a 
 hundred thousand pounds which he carried with 
 him, and other martial ammunition, with six pieces 
 of ordnance and fourteen horses. 
 
 In November we did hear that in Ireland at 
 Clankilly, That one English took a Hill and with- 
 stood the Rebels, and slew one hundred, being but 
 two hundred against five thousand. Then news 
 came to us that the Rebels had set upon our men ; 
 then immediately we marched out to them, and 
 drew ourselves into Battalia against the Rebels, 
 being one thousand to five thousand of the Rebels, 
 and we all shouted and threw up our caps, and shot 
 oflP one of our field pieces, and they all ran away. 
 Our Horsemen pursued them so fast that they took 
 into an Arm of the Sea, and our Horsemen rode 
 into the water, and killed an hundred. So all that 
 we killed that day were six hundred, and all that we 
 lost were but thirty-four. 
 
 November the 2nd. — There was Report made, that 
 his Majesty have drawn up a Declaration to his 
 
118 NEHEMIAE WALLING TON'S 
 
 whole Army, charging none of his Cavaliers to 
 plunder and pillage, as formerly they have done, 
 upon pain of death. 
 
 Nevertheless, Prince Rupert, Commissary WiU- 
 mot, the Lord Dighy, and the rest of the greater 
 sort, have since done more spoil than heretofore, 
 and go on in such an inhuman manner that it is 
 hardly to helieve the like, as, to wit, Twyford, or at 
 Swansly in Berkshire, near Reading, where the people 
 were constrained and forced out of their heds in the 
 night, and glad they saved their lives. 
 
 The misdemeanours committed by the Earl of 
 Cumberland and his northern Cavaliers are of a most 
 insufferable condition, for they do plunder many 
 honest men's houses who stand well affected to the 
 Parliament, and have imprisoned many men of worth, 
 who do refuse to contribute money to maintain them 
 in this unlawful and unnatural war ; they spare none, 
 neither will they suffer any to escape their hands 
 who will not lend money to their illegal designs. 
 
 " November the 5th, 1 642, at Maidenhead, it is 
 certain that Prince Rupert hath plundered the Lord 
 Say his house, Master Fiennes his house, Mr. Whit- 
 lock's house,^' Members of Parliament, and taken 
 away all his cattle, and destroyed his deer, and 
 such as they could not kill, they brake down the 
 Park pales to let them out. And that when 
 the Mayor of Banbury shewed Prince Rupert the 
 King's hand and seal that the town should not 
 be plundered, for that his Majesty had accepted of 
 
 " See Appendix, Note MMM. 
 
EISTOBICAL NOTICES. 119 
 
 a composition, Prince Rupert threw it away, and 
 said, ' My uncle little knows what belongs to the 
 wars,' and so commanded his men to plunder, which 
 they did to the purpose, and had no respect to 
 persons, for the malignants suffered more than the 
 honest men of the town whom they call Roundheads. 
 But that which startles us most is a warrant under 
 his Majesty's own hand for the plundering of the 
 Lord Say his house, and demolishing of it, and 
 invites the people to do it, with a grant unto them 
 of all the materials of the house ; we had thought, 
 till this warrant was produced, that the King 
 had not been accessory to these horrible, pilfering 
 courses. There is a Banbury man gone up to the 
 Parliament with the warrant, who informs of most 
 wicked and devilish outrages committed by Prince 
 Rupert his forces, yet, to put a colour upon the 
 business, it is given out it is against the King 
 and Prince Rupert's mind to plunder, they hanged 
 a man but yesterday, and yet they plundered the 
 more. This warrant, under the King's own hand, 
 is an undoubted truth, and fit to be made known 
 to all the kingdom, that they may see what they 
 are like to expect." " 
 
 November the 8th, information was that Prince 
 Rupert at Henley hanged a man on a tree near the 
 bowling-alley, for that he was a Soundhead, and 
 had given intelligence to Henley of the coming of 
 the Cavaliers. And Prince Rupert possesseth him- 
 
 " From Speciall Passages, &c., informed to loth Houses, No. 13. 
 
120 NEHEMIAH WALLINQTON'S 
 
 self of all horses lie can meet withal, takes by force 
 [from] the carriers that come out of the West country 
 all their white clothes they were bringing up to 
 London; he commands all malt^ oats, and other pro- 
 visions to be taken upon ticket." 
 
 November the 1 2th, Saturday. — And for the King's 
 army, poor Brentford is mg.de a miserable spectacle, 
 for they have taken from them all the linen, bedding, 
 furniture, pewter, brass, pots, pans, bread, meal, in 
 a word, all that they have, insomuch that when 
 the Parliament's army came into the town on the 
 Lord's day at night, the innkeepers and others 
 begged of the soldiers a piece of bread. They have 
 taken from divers of the inhabitants, some to the 
 value of four hundred pounds^ some three hundred 
 pounds, some more, some less, and from the poorer 
 sort all that ever they had, leaving them not a bed 
 to lie on, nor apparel, but what they have on their 
 backs, nor a pair of sheets, nor a piece of bread, and 
 what beer they drank not, they let run out in their 
 cellars; divers families of repute, with their wives 
 and children, were driven to such extreme poverty 
 thereby, that they have begged ever since; and 
 took divers of the townsmen (who never opposed 
 them) after they had plundered them, putting them 
 in irons, and tying others with ropes, and so led 
 them away like dogs to Oatlands. "Who can read 
 this without a sad heart and a mournful eye ? ^'' 
 
 " See Speciall Passages, No. 14. 
 
 ^ " The King and Prince were then on Hounsloe Heath, and were 
 marching towards Brainford. . . . There was that day apprehended a 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 121 
 
 At Brentford these tyrants took twenty of our 
 men, tied them together, and hurled them into the 
 Thames. ^' 
 
 November the 13th, there came letters from Here- 
 ford, informing that the Lord Herbert, the Earl of 
 Worcester's son, had lately done a most cruel act 
 in those parts ; he, coming with some forces to a 
 gentleman's house, a very religious man, and well- 
 wilier to the Parliament, he made spoil of his goods, 
 seized upon the gentleman as he was in his hed, 
 and commanded him to he shot, and for no other 
 cause but that he was a Protestant.^'^ 
 
 November the 23rd, report was made to the Com- 
 mons from Buckinghamshire that the Cavaliers had 
 been in some part of the county, and made great spoil 
 there, and have driven a thousand head of cattle 
 out of that county, and that they lie all along upon 
 the river of Thames, and stop all the provisions 
 
 gentleman clothed in scarlet, and hanged in a with upon a tree, as it is con- 
 ceived for speaking in honour of the Parliament, and no man suffered to 
 cut him down, or cover his face, until he had been made a publicke spectacle 
 to the whole army, which was then marching by. This was done in the 
 way betwixt Egham and Staines." — True Eelation of two Merchants of 
 London, who were taJeen prisoners hy the Cavaliers. London, 1642. 
 
 Also see " A True and Perfect Relation of the Barbarous and Cruell 
 Passages of the King's Army, at Old Braineford, near London. Being' 
 presented to the House of Commons, by a Committee of the same House, 
 who was sent thither, on purpose to examine the Truth of the particular 
 Actions of the said Army. Printed for E. Husbands and J. Frank, and 
 are to be sold at their shops, in the Middle Temple, and next doore to the 
 King's Head in Fleet-street. 1642." — King's Pamphlets ; 4to. pp. 12. 
 
 ^' See " A True and Perfect Relation of the Barbarous and Cruell 
 Passages of the King's Army at Old Braintford." Printed and pub- 
 lished by order of " the Commons assembled in Parliament, 24 No- 
 vember, 1642." ^ See Speciall Passages, No. 15. 
 
122 NEEEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 coming to London. Information was also given to 
 the Commons that the King's Cavaliers have made 
 great spoil in Surrey, and have plundered and pil- 
 laged in divers places in that county, carrying away 
 all their corn, cattle, goods, and what they could 
 not, or would not, carry away, they quite spoiled 
 in a very cruel manner. They have also assessed 
 upon the county of Oxon to be paid monthly near 
 upon three thousand pounds, and the like upon. 
 Buckinghamshire and Berkshire, and do plunder in 
 the mean time till the counties condescend to the 
 taxation. 
 
 They plunder by commission, and execute it with- 
 out mercy. They apprehend all men they meet 
 that^ being demanded from whence they are, answer, 
 " Tor King and Parliament." Some they presently 
 put to death for such an answer, as a very good 
 housekeeper at Thistleworth, Mr. AmalVs brother- 
 in-law, there were seven of the Cavaliers shot him to 
 death before his wife's face . , . five of these were 
 Irish, and two English. They killed another man 
 at Staines, others they wound, and all they imprison 
 that so answer. 
 
 November the 26th. — There were divers letters 
 brought to the Parliament, which were intercepted 
 coming from Holland^^ from the Duke of Richmond, 
 Colonel Goring, and some others with the Queen, 
 
 ^ See " The Discovery of a great and wicked Conspiracy against this 
 Kingdom in general, and the City of London in particular. Being a 
 Letter sent from the Bague in Holland, and directed to Secretary 
 Nicholas, but intercepted by the way, and read in both Houses of Par- 
 liament on Saturday the 26 of November, 1642." Printed by order of 
 the Parliament, " for John Wright." 4to. pp. 8. — King's Pamphlets. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 123 
 
 directed to Secretary Nichol, to acquaint his Majesty 
 withal ; by which letters, in short, thus much was 
 informed, that the Prince of Orange has raised forty 
 thousand amongst the Papists for the King, and is 
 about to raise fifty thousand more, and ten thousand 
 foot, and ten thousand arms, and a train of artillery, 
 and many guns and other engines of war ; ^* that 
 great forces are made ready in Denmark to be also 
 sent to England, and two ships, men of war, to 
 conduct them, that they would by no means have 
 his Majesty agree to a peace, but hope the King by 
 this time hath taken London, that they would before 
 this time have landed in England in Norfolk or 
 Suffolk, but that they were hindered by cross winds, 
 wishing the King to send some troops of horse into 
 Kent, to keep that county in awe, and that they 
 shall bring with them great store of monies from 
 France and other parts ; there were divers other 
 messages in the letters which will be too tedious to 
 relate. 
 
 " The malicious, malignant party, the Cavaliers 
 of Cornwall, that daily march under the command 
 of the Lord Mohun, doth hourly mischief in those 
 parts, without remorse or pity. They will not 
 suffer them to plough their grounds, to sow their 
 grain, but with their horses they destroy it. They 
 go to the barns, and lodge their horses there, and 
 pluck down their stacks of corn to feed their beasts, 
 and throw it about to make fodder of, and when 
 they leave the place, they set them all on fire, 
 swearing no corn shall grow until the wars be done, 
 
 ^ See Speciall Passages, No. 16. 
 
124 NESEMIAS WALLING TON'S 
 
 nay, the very cliurclies they make stables of ; is not 
 this barbarous and inhuman ? 
 
 " November the 28th, at Foy in Cornwall, cer- 
 tain Cavaliers coming there to be billeted, the town 
 did kingly entertain them, on this condition, to pay 
 for what they had. The Captains and commanders 
 took their oaths [that] no soldier that marched under 
 their command should be so base but pay for what 
 he had, and so they did, there remaining three days. 
 The fourth they gave the town notice of their de- 
 parture, and their drums beat for to give notice. 
 And for their welcome, each place where they had 
 lain, did feast them gratis with great thanks. The 
 word being given, they fell to plundering, breaking 
 open trunks, chests, and boxes, took aU their plate 
 and money they could find, and told them they did 
 but borrow it, when the wars were done they would 
 pay it back again. 
 
 "At Launceston, getting in with the like wile, they 
 likewise plundered that, and, like the devil, they cry 
 all is their own, swearing, . . . blaspheming, and 
 cursing that they will up to the King in spite of 
 opposition. And for the city of London, they in- 
 tend there for to keep their Christmas, and make 
 the citizens wait upon their trenchers. But for the 
 Eoundheads, they will send them pell mell to their 
 father the devil ; they swear they will build in every 
 street a cross, to cross those that survive." ^^ 
 
 ^ Prom " A True Relation of the present Estate of Cwnwall. 4to. 
 London. Printed by T. F. for E. G. December, 16i2:'— King's 
 Pamphlets. 
 
EISTOBICAL NOTICES. 125 
 
 December the 13th. — " From Marlborough it is 
 certified that the inhabitants stood manfully upon 
 their defence so long as they were able ; but no 
 succour or release coming timely to them, they were 
 forced to yield, and gave them admittance, who 
 have most lamentably plundered them, for they 
 have carried away sixteen loads of their goods, and 
 above a hundred of their men prisoners to Oxford, 
 and they have also burnt a great part of that town, 
 and these Cavaliers have used the women with the 
 like cruelty, as the rebels do in Ireland. . . . And 
 the prisoners which they carried from thence to 
 Oxford are used so cruelly and inhumanly, that 
 they are ready to perish and starve. And two of 
 these Cavaliering rebels are the Lord Digby and 
 the Lord Grandison, and Commissary Wilmot." ^* 
 
 These rebels at Beading did hang one Mr. Boyce, 
 an honest citizen of London.^' 
 
 December the 26th, by letters it was informed 
 from Northampton that they fell upon the Puritans 
 at Wilby, and plundered them, and they returned to 
 Wellingborough, and Mailing; and the inhabitants 
 with knives, bodkins, shears, and the like, had given 
 to one of our men thirty wounds. 
 
 December the 27th.- — It is reported that the Earl 
 of Newcastle hath imposed ten hundred thousand 
 pound tax upon the County of York, and that he 
 hath caused two gentlemen to be shot to death at 
 Topliff for refusing to pay their rates accordingly, 
 
 ^ England's Memorable Accidents, from the 12th of December to the 
 19th of the same, 1642. " See Appendix, l^ote NNN. 
 
126 NEHEMIAE WALLINGTON'8 
 
 and that Ms popish Army is so barbarous that they 
 will give no quarter to any, but slay man, woman, 
 and child. 
 
 About Newcastle the Papists and Malignants do 
 live only by plundering and pillaging, and most 
 barbarously and inhumanly take all they can get 
 from the poor distressed inhabitants thereabouts. 
 
 December the 3 1 st, " Captain Wingate's wife, the 
 Lady Essex, were called into the house, who lately 
 came from Oxford, and can report of a certain of the 
 usage of the Captains that are prisoners there ;^'* 
 which said lady affirmed that they are kept close 
 prisoners, not permitted pen, ink, nor paper, nor 
 book to read in, and that they are almost famished 
 for want of food, being allowed but a penny farthing 
 a day to maintain them, and some days have not 
 bread or water to eat or drink. So they are cou' 
 sumed away to death, and eaten of vermin, and no 
 friends, not their own wives, suffered to come near 
 them to give them relief; that they petitioned his 
 Majesty to use them but as favorable as the Turks 
 use Christians, and that they can find no redress." ^' 
 
 ^' See " A True and most sad Eelation of the Hard Usage and 
 extreme cruelty used on Captain Wingate, . . . with others of the 
 Parliament Souldiers. . . . Written by one of the same Prisoners in 
 behalf of them all, to a Worthy and eminent Citizen of London. Dated 
 9th of February 1642. London. Printed by George Sutton at the 
 Turned Style in Solborn. February 13, 1661." — King's Pamphlets. 
 See also Speciall Passages, No. 27. 
 
 29 From A Perfect Diwnall, No. 33. 
 
HISTOBICAL NOTICES, 127 
 
 XXX. 
 
 Marlborough's Miseries ^ — ^Plundering of the Counties op North- 
 ampton AND Warwick — Bibles and other Good Books Burned 
 AT Reading — Prince Rupert's taking op Cirencester. 
 
 But to proceed to let you understand a little more 
 of the barbarous cruelty tbat those English rebels 
 (I mean the Cavaliers) did use to those honest inha- 
 bitants at Marlborough. For when these rebels had 
 got into the town, they ran through the streets with 
 their drawn swords, cutting and slashing those men 
 they met with, whether soldiers or not. They set 
 their houses on fire; they had four great fires at 
 one time flamiag in four several places. A very 
 sad thing to behold, and at the same time their 
 soldiers breaking up of shops and houses, and taking 
 away all sorts of goods, breaking of trunks, chests, 
 boxes, cabinets, bedsteads, cupboards, presses, cof- 
 fers, and many that were not locked, but yet they 
 would break and dash them all to pieces ; and 
 thence rifled and carried away all kinds of wearing 
 apparel, all money or plate they met with, all sorts 
 of shoes ^ and boots, stockings, hats, and woollen 
 and linen cloth of all sorts, sheets, beds, bolster 
 cases, cutting up the cases and scattering the fea- 
 thers in the streets to be trampled on by horses and 
 
 ' See Appendix, Note 000. ^ Shoones. 
 
128 NEHEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 men; also searching men's and women's pockets 
 for money, and threatening them with pistols and 
 swords to shoot, or run them through, if that they 
 would not give them money, by which means com- 
 pelling many men to lead them to the places where 
 they had hid their money. 
 
 One of their Commanders came into the house 
 of an honest Gentleman of the Town, and uttered 
 horrible speeches in a most insolent and insulting 
 manner. 
 
 The Lord Dighy or Grandison at another time 
 coming into the same man's house, being a wealthy 
 man, but one who had many children, tells the 
 man of the house that he did and would fine him to 
 pay five hundred pounds, which should be made 
 ready and paid within four days. The good gentle- 
 man makes him answer that he could not pay one 
 hundred pounds, for his house had been plundered 
 of all he had, and besides he had eighteen children 
 to maintain, and nothing left to keep them. This 
 lord swears their common oath; what did he tell 
 him of eighteen children ; why dost thou not tie 
 them two and two together, and throw them into 
 the river, and drown them; and then asked where 
 they were, for if thou wilt not, saith he, I wiU ; 
 (confirming this with the aforesaid oath) ; but he 
 should pay him so much money, or else he would 
 hang him at his own door. 
 
 Another among them would give a man twenty 
 shillings to teach or tell him a new oath, that he 
 had never either heard or sworn. We never heard 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 129 
 
 such a variety of strange and unheard of oaths, and 
 such frequency of them, that not so many words 
 were scarcely heard as oaths and blasphemies ; that 
 except heU were broken loose, we could not hear 
 nor see more intolerable wickedness. 
 
 Nay, in their plundering they had no regard to 
 rich or poor, to Boundheads (as they call them) and 
 those that were of the like disposition as themselves, 
 for they pillaged even poor men that live on alms 
 of the town, and beg their bread. The very houses 
 that were burning, and consuming by the fire, that 
 themselves had kindled, were not spared from rob- 
 bing them of the very goods that they preserved 
 from the fury of the flames. 
 
 Besides this, the spoil they did among men's goods 
 was as much as their loss, which they carried away, 
 as in letting out whole hogsheads of oil, and vessels 
 full of strong water, vinegar, aqua vitse, treacle, and 
 spice, and fruit, and all this thrown about the shops, 
 cellars, and houses. Besides the taking away and 
 burning of books, for they took all the greatest books 
 the Booksellers had in their shops, and all the smaller 
 books they burnt; for in one of our Booksellers' 
 houses they maintained a great fire for five hours 
 together, with nothing but books and papers, inso- 
 much that they had like to have set fire of his house 
 with the greatness of the flame, for they burned the 
 mantletree of the chimney. And in five or six other 
 places more [they] adventured the houses by fire 
 also, as the Mayor of the Town his house, and in a 
 man's shop that sells oil, pitch, rosin, hemp, flax, 
 
 VOL. II. K 
 
130 NEHEMIAE WALLINQTON'S 
 
 and tar, and such ready things to take fire, they had 
 kindled a fire, and went forth and left it purposely to 
 burn ; but by the care of a neighbour (the man not 
 being at home) prevented through the will of God. 
 And at a woollen draper's shop, under his penthouse, 
 making a great fire near his shop windows, and- 
 some two or three other honest men's houses, which 
 I will not stand to relate the manner thereof, and 
 yet none of these men's houses took fire. 
 
 But to relate all their ragie and cruelty were 
 almost endless, for they brake up the Town-House, 
 and there they brake the chests and coffers that 
 the Records and Court books and Deeds and Leases 
 of the Town land were in, and carried them away ; 
 they likewise brake off the seals, and rent the 
 writings in pieces, as also they did to other men's 
 writings ; And the Town's Grand Charter they also 
 carried away, besides two hundred pounds' worth of 
 cheese that was laid in for the market, which they 
 carried away every pennyworth. They brake up 
 our prisons, and set prisoners at liberty that were 
 in on execution, and delivered them ; besides the 
 spoiling all Books of law, Eecords, and monuments ; 
 and thinking yet they could never do mischief 
 enough, they brake glass windows, cut and slashed 
 men's tables, boards, and chairs with their swords; 
 besides the frights they put many women and chil- 
 dren to, by setting the points of their swords to their 
 breasts, threatening them to run them through if 
 they will not give them money, &c. 
 
 And all the horses and carts that were in the 
 
HISTOEICAL NOTICES. 131 
 
 town, both good and bad, they took away, many of 
 which were country men's horses, v/hich had been 
 stayed here the Saturday before, and on these they 
 carried away our goods. Thus that very thing 
 which was intended for our good, proved to our 
 hurt in the event, and also to the country's loss. 
 
 Now concerning the poor prisoners they took. 
 So soon as they took any they stripped him of his 
 clothes, especially the upper garments, and then 
 they demanded money of them ; and they searched 
 their pockets and took it from them ; and after they 
 had brought a great many together, they compelled 
 them to go into the town again, just before their 
 troops, and so put them altogether into a stable 
 amongst horses, and tied their arms with cords one 
 to another, not permitting wives or friends to come 
 to them to yield them supply of money or victuals ; 
 and in the same manner they led them away the next 
 day towards Oxford, compelling them to go all on 
 foot in the dirty ways, two by two as. they were 
 bound, because they should go just before the mouth 
 of their ordnance, not suffering them to go the 
 cleanest way. And when they came to Oxford, 
 they were put into a Tower of the Castle, a great 
 height, where they are not allowed any fire or 
 candle, or straw to lie on, but the bare boards and 
 planks of the room ; nor any more allowance than 
 one penny and farthing a day, which is a penny in 
 bread, and a farthing can of beer, which is half beer 
 and half water ; by which means many are very ill 
 and diseased, 
 
 TC 9 
 
132 NEHEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 Now for their number ; they carried from Marl- 
 borough between a hundred and a hundred and 
 twenty, but of these but forty Marlborough men, 
 some of which are poor silly 'prentice boys, some 
 others day labourers, and poor simple men of very 
 mean condition, who neither ever had or handled 
 arms in their lives ; and one among the rest that 
 we think was scarce ever worth five shillings, who 
 sat trembling and quaking for fear, poor man, all 
 the time of the fight ; and we verily think would 
 be ready to sink down at the very sight of a drawn 
 sword. Others they took away prisoners, whose 
 houses and goods were consumed by fire, and in 
 arms neither. The rest were country men, and 
 many of them only men that came to the market ; 
 some others that came along at their heels when 
 they had got the towns, who came purposely to pilfer 
 and rifle for goods also ; some of them we know. 
 
 But for the number of houses burnt, there was 
 fifty-three dwelling houses, within which houses did 
 inhabit just fiffcy'three several families, and the 
 number of persons in them, just an hundred persons, 
 left harbourless, without house or goods, besides 
 barns all full of corn, except one, which had hay in 
 it ; and also stables, woodpiles, and outhouses that 
 were not taken notice of, nor cast in this number. 
 
 And by this occasion of burning these men's 
 houses, and the necessity our other poor were 
 brought into, the country about us sending in their 
 benevolence towards the relief of the poor among 
 us, there was relieved thereby six hundred families, 
 
EI8T0RICAL NOTICES. 133 
 
 and near upon two thousand persons, numbered in 
 those families that had need of relief. 
 
 The general loss of our Town amounted to fifty 
 thousand pound in goods, money, and wares at the 
 least, as it is conceived; not accounting of those 
 houses that they burned. 
 
 One thing I have omitted concerning their taking 
 prisoners, that is, that they carried into Oxford two 
 hundred prisoners, for as they pass through the 
 country they take up men they cared not whom, to 
 make up this number, and compelled them to go 
 along prisoners ; some from the plough in the fields, 
 some from their doors as they come to look forth 
 upon them as they passed by. Some they pulled 
 out of their houses in the villages where they dwelt, 
 pretending they were Eoundheads, for which they 
 must go away prisoners. And in all the villages 
 taking away horses or goods, or whatsoever liked 
 them, setting their horses into men's barns of corn, 
 and making litter of some, and their horses eating 
 the rest. So in Marlborough, they would make 
 stables of linen drapers' and other tradesmen's shops, 
 or in the parlours and places of men's dwellings, 
 fetching away their malt, oats and hay by force, 
 to give their horses, yea, and to sell too, for little 
 or nothing, if they found any chapmen ; sometimes 
 selling that for two shillings six pence which is 
 worth twenty shilHngs. As to instance in Bibles ; 
 they would take all, either new or old, and sell 
 them for sixpence, or twelvepence, apiece. 
 
 And for the number of these that came against 
 
134 NEEEMIAH WALLINOTON'S 
 
 US was about seven thousand, horse and foot, all 
 hungry, gaping thieves ; their chief Commanders 
 were these. Commissary Wilmot, the Lord Grandi- 
 son, the Lord Viscount Crambairn, the Lord George 
 Dighy (a prime beast), the Lord Wentworth, Sir 
 William Penniman, and to divers others, which you 
 may see in the book at large. 
 
 The number of their slain and wounded men they 
 kept from our sight and knowledge as much as they 
 could, but they had slain, as is conceived, above two 
 hundred men. Many they buried the next day in 
 the Town, and many they buried in several places 
 in the fields about the Town. Some they threw 
 into a very deep well, three furlongs from the Town, 
 and many they carried away in carts, some say four 
 or five loads, and cast in a river in their way ; but 
 their own confession is, they say that twenty-seven 
 Commanded fell, and three Cannoneers were slain, 
 and a great many men more they lost. So that it 
 is conceived by the most, that two hundred men at 
 the least were slain, besides a great many that were 
 wounded, of which wounded men they all, or most, 
 died of their wounds. For some were left behind 
 in the Town, and some carried three, or four, or five 
 miles, towards Oxford, and there left ; whose wounds 
 seemed to be but light to them that saw them, and 
 yet they proved mortal to them aU, and thereof 
 since they are dead. 
 
 And yet there was neither man, woman, or 
 child killed on our side in all this fight; only two 
 countrymen were killed, very cowardly, as they 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 135 
 
 were running fortli of the Town, when they made 
 no resistance, and one of these did report at a gen- 
 tleman's house within two miles of the Town that 
 he was going to Marlhorotigh, and would receive 
 their pay, but intended not to fight. 
 
 And one remarkable thing we may note in it, 
 that a certain Townsman who was a servant to the 
 Lord Seymour, who was not in the fight at the first 
 entering into the Town, who was a friend of theirs, 
 came out of a house where the Lady Seymour [was] 
 to desire quarter for her ; but they being in a rage, 
 regarding not his words, cried out. Shoot him, 
 shoot him, Eogue; whereupon he, clapping the 
 door together against them, they shot through the 
 door, and wounded him ; who yet lies very iU, not 
 knowing whether he shall recover, or no. 
 
 Now this same party, a little before the first 
 coming of the Lord Dighy against the town, having 
 been in Wales with his Master, or with the Lord 
 Marquis of Hertford, and with the King's Army 
 also, he uttered this speech, that there was a fearful 
 black cloud coming upon this Town ; and also when 
 the town was almost taken, he was heard to say 
 that now the King had begun his harvest. 
 
 And with all other, men, women, or children of 
 the town, not so much as [one] shot. 
 
 They had some six or seven great guns, and a 
 great many shots with them, for we found eighteen 
 or twenty great bullets that have been taken up in 
 the Town in several places, besides many that were 
 shot over, and so never found. The weight of 
 
136 NEHEMIAH WALLINOTON'8 
 
 these bullets we have seen were some 22 pound, 
 some 18 pound, some 15 pound weight, and some 
 we saw two pound shot, as it seems from some 
 drake, but of all these sorts we have seen and can 
 shew them. And for the special mercies of Grod to 
 us in the midst of so great calamities, is not to be 
 forgotten by us. For of all those houses or b^rns 
 that were burned, not one of the owners had stood 
 in this noble cause : and of many that did shew 
 themselves actors therein, or setters forward thereof, 
 though some ventures and attempts were made in 
 their houses by fire, yet they had their houses 
 preserved. 
 
 Another remarkable thing is, that a few, even a 
 very handful of men, should with such undaunted 
 courage and resolution stand to defend a town 
 against a great company, and yet not lose a man ; 
 for all the men that we had to fight in all this time 
 were but one hundred and forty men at the utmost. 
 For one band of men we had under the command of 
 one Captain Dic/ges, who were in a convenient place 
 both to defend the Town, and offend the enemy ; 
 yet he suffered them not to shoot one shot, but, as 
 we have heard, sent by a message that he would 
 stand neuter. And many others there were who 
 played the cowards, when danger approached, and 
 the rest of our men were set to guard at such part 
 of the town where we had no assault at all given; 
 
 Another mercy, that in all these great shots 
 against our houses, not ten shillings in harm done 
 thereby ; and many others more we could observe ; 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 137 
 
 as one in their departure from us, and not wintering 
 here, as it seems they had intended, if they had 
 not heard of the approach of some of the Lord 
 General's forces, who were coming for our reUef; 
 and also in regard they had so much plundered the 
 town, they thovight here would not be support for 
 them. 
 
 The first copy of this was intercepted by the 
 Cavaliers. 
 
 March the 6th, 1644. — Prom Marlborough we have 
 intelligence that there are four hundred native Irish 
 lately come in thither, whereby the miseries of the 
 inhabitants of that (for a long time) poor and op- 
 pressed Town are much increased, for that many of 
 them are constrained to leave their houses and fami- 
 lies, and come to London from the cruel usage of 
 the enemy. They have also intelligence that there 
 are about two thousand of the same bloody crew 
 come from Bristol to join with the Oxford Cavaliers, 
 the fittest company and place for that Eomish and 
 popish faction to meet together. 
 
 The MemarJcdble Mercy of God unto some Poor Honest Men 
 of Marlborough, further confirmed unto me hy Mistress 
 Wilson, that was then an Inhabitant there. 
 
 When Marlborough was set on fire in five several 
 places, and burnt down whole rows of houses, yet, 
 by the great providence ot God, the fire did not 
 burn any house down of those that held for the 
 cause of God, but all those that held with the 
 enemies against us had their houses and barns, to 
 
138 NEEEMIAE WALLING TON'S 
 
 the number of fifty and odd houses, burnt down. 
 Although fire was set to an honest man's house, 
 yet it would not take, for the fire-brand went out 
 again, and did no hurt. 
 
 It hath pleased Almighty Grod to spare my life 
 to see the beginning of this year, 1643, and my 
 God gives me heart and time to take notice of His 
 mercies and of His judgements. And I am, as yet, 
 spared to be as one of Job's messengers to bring, 
 or write, heavy and sad news concerning the poor 
 Church of God. 
 
 This month oi January, 1643, it is informed out 
 of Derbyshire that Mr. Henry Hastings, with his 
 pillagers, rob all the carriers that pass to and fro 
 in those parts. 
 
 The information is most certain of Prince Rupert 
 plundering of the counties of Northampton and War- 
 wick ; ^ he hath seized upon at least twelve hundred 
 horses^ taken, most of them, from the plough and 
 cart, as if he wished famine on this kingdom, which 
 hath hitherto fed him with bread. Nay, it is writ- 
 ten from those parts, that, after he had got about 
 threescore carts and waggons from country villages, 
 and filled them with pillage, he kept a fair, and sold 
 divers horses, as well as goods, leaving in many vil- 
 lages neither beds to lie on, nor bread to eat, nor 
 horse, cow, nor sheep, and this he did to some of 
 his friends, as well as those he esteemed his enemies. 
 They go on yet in a further degree in these un- 
 
 ' See The Kingdome's Weekly Intelligencer (Nmb. 5), sent abroad to 
 prevent mis-information. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 139 
 
 « 
 
 natural courses, for in Denbighshire, to instance there 
 one only amongst divers other places of the like 
 example, these rebels there have possessed them- 
 selves of Sir Thomas Middletoris house, seized upon 
 all his goods, within doors as well as without, to 
 the value of five thousand pounds, at least ; turned 
 out all his servants ; and these vile robberies they 
 do by a Eoyal command, as the Commissioners 
 that have seized on the same, affirm. 
 
 1643. January \he 25th. — A great number (if not 
 all) of the Bibles and other good books were burned 
 (at Reading) under the gallows in the Market place 
 at Market time. The Inhabitants are thrust out 
 of their dwellings, and papists entertained, and here 
 is mass daily in divers houses. 
 
 A Belaiion of the Taking of Cirencester," in the County of 
 Gloucester, ly seven thousand rebels under the command of 
 Prince Eupeet, Prince Maueioe, the Earls of Noeth- 
 AMPTON, Caenarvon, DENBIGH, and Cleveland, the 
 Lord Dig BY, Lord Andovee, Lord Wentwoeth, Lord 
 Taafe, Lord Dillon, Lieut. Gen. Willmot, Sir John 
 Bykon, Col. Geeeaed, Col. Kyeke, Col. Dutton, and 
 Captain Legge, and divers others, to whom, I may say, 
 
 * This account is taken from " A Eelation of the taking of Ciceter 
 in the Covnty of Olocester on Thursday, February 2, 1642 . . . Sent to 
 a Friend in London, b)' one who was present at, and some days after the 
 Taking of it. Published because of the many false reports that were in 
 print concerning that businesse." The concluding note is, " It is 
 ordered this eighteenth day of February 1642, by the committee of the 
 House of Commons in Parliament concerning printing, that this booke, 
 intitled a Eelation of the taking of Ciceter, be printed by Michael Sparke 
 senior." 
 
 This " booke " is reprinted at length in the Bibliotheca Oloucestriensis. 
 
140 NEHEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 as old father Jacob said to his sons, for their cruelty, 
 Gen. xlix. 5-7 ; " Simeon and Levi, brethren in evil, the 
 instruments of cruelty are in their habitations. Into 
 their secret let not my soul come. Cursed he their wrath, 
 for it was fierce, and their rage, for it was cruel." 
 
 1%^^ .—February the 1st, these enemies renewed 
 their forces with some fresh troops from Oxford, 
 and two whole culverins, besides four small brass 
 field pieces, and two mortar pieces, and so this 
 night some of them quartered within a mile of the 
 town, and gave us alarms all that night.^ 
 
 On the next morning, February the 2nd, they 
 were discovered some two miles from the town, 
 where, under a hedge, they stayed some two hours, 
 till all their forces drew together into One body from 
 their several quarters in the villages, and so they 
 divided themselves. Prince Rupert^ and the greatest 
 part of the army, drawing near the town on the 
 west and the south part ; and the Earl of Carnarvon, 
 and his troops, and some other forces, on the north 
 part of the town.* About nine or ten of the clock 
 they came, some of them within command of our 
 cannon, which played at them two or three hours, 
 
 ° " The prince had two eigbteen-pounders, and four field-pieces, 
 and a mortar piece to throw granades." — Eudder's History of 
 OloucestersMre. 
 
 ° " They drew their bodies of Foot into their severall places neere the 
 towne : viz. the one to Oalley-hill, which is by the wind-mill, the other 
 to the Beddicks, and the third to Ilston-meadowes, where the greatest 
 part of their horse were before, and another Body of Foot, (with some 
 Ordnance) that was drawn into the Abbey-meadow, which is on the 
 North-side of the town." — Perfect Passages, &c., No. 32. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 141 
 
 and often caused them on the west side of the town 
 to retreat behind a little hiU, and, all that while, 
 divers parties of our musketeers went out under the 
 shelter of hedges and walls, and skirmished with 
 the enemy. 
 
 So there continued at Barton'' a very hot fight 
 for some two hours, our men lying under shelter of 
 the wall, notably giving fire on them within less 
 than musket shot, and our cannon being a little 
 more off than musket shot, all the whUe furiously 
 playing point blank on their whole body, which lay 
 in an open rising field. Here the Welshmen were 
 seen to drop down apace; but still the horsemen 
 behind them cried, " On, on," and drove them for- 
 ward, till they had gotten quite under the garden 
 wall. But, before that, the enemy had fired some 
 barns, and ricks of corn and hay that lay quite 
 behind those hundred musketeers, so that the enemy 
 being at the wall, and breaking of it down, and the 
 fire so behind them, that it took away all possibility 
 of retreating, if they stayed any longer, and they 
 being so few, our men were forced out of that work 
 after two hour's valiant resistance of that furious 
 charge of the enemy, during all which time we lost 
 but one man, who, after the guard was entered, could 
 not find his way forth through the fire and smoke. 
 
 ' " . . . which great fann 'beloiiged to the Abbey of Cirencester, and 
 was granted to Richard Berners, 36 H. 8, and livery of it was granted to 
 Gerard Oroker, 15 Ehz. It was vested in Sir Richard Onslow, Speaker 
 of the House of Commons, during part of Queen Anne's reign, who sold 
 it to Allen Bathurst, Esq." [afterwards Earl of Bathurst]. — Rudder's 
 History of Gloucestershire. 
 
142 NEHEMIAH WALLINQTON'S 
 
 Our men retreating to the second work, which 
 was hard by, being so hotly pursued by the enemy's 
 fire and smoke, which the wind drove directly upon 
 them, they, and the guards of that work, without 
 any resistance made, very disorderly fled into the 
 town, and were furiously pursued by the enemy, 
 who without quarter killed those they met with, 
 or overtook, which so desperately enraged our men 
 that in the market-place, and from windows, they 
 shot at the enemy almost an hour together, pur- 
 posing to sell their lives and their liberties as dear 
 as they could. 
 
 "Whilst the enemy was assaulting the town on 
 the west side at the Barton, the Earl of Carnarvon 
 and his forces, seeing the Barton fired, and our men 
 beaten from their works, sought to enter it on the 
 north side, where there was a sore charge valiantly 
 received by our men, with little loss, who yielded 
 not, till the enemy, who had entered the town on 
 the other side, was on their back. 
 
 Thus, about four of the clock, the town was 
 whoUy won, and shooting was ended on all sides, 
 and then they took prisoners, and fell to plundering 
 that night, all the next day, and on Saturday, 
 wherein they shewed all the barbarous insolence of 
 a prevailing enemy ; and I am confident the enemy 
 not only acted over, but outdid their former cruelties 
 and spoil of Brentford and Marlborough ; they spared 
 not to plunder their best friends, for I can assure 
 you ^g° some of the most notorious malignants 
 were the most notably plundered of all the town. 
 
EIBTORICAL NOTICES. 143 
 
 " I tremble," saith my author, " to write of their 
 blasphemies, they tauntingly asked some godly 
 people, ' where is now your God ? you Eoundhead 
 rogues, you prayed to the Lord to deliver you, and 
 you see how He hath delivered you, ye rebels,' &c." 
 
 The number that the enemy lost is altogether 
 unknown, by reason none durst go forth to see the 
 slain of the town forces ; both townsmen and country- 
 men there were above twenty, as can be learned. 
 It is much feared they slew a very godly Minister,' 
 who was seen taken by them, and yet cannot be 
 heard of. There lay some of our men naked four 
 days after they were killed, near the place where 
 the enemy, after taking the town, kept his utmost 
 guard, and none durst bury them. 
 
 The number of prisoners that they took, and car- 
 ried to Oxford, was between eleven and twelve 
 hundred, amongst which there were some gentle 
 men of eminent estates and affections to their 
 country, two very godly ministers, divers com- 
 manders, and others which were very religious, and 
 of good account.' 
 
 They stripped many of the prisoners, most of 
 them of their utmost garments, they were all 
 turned that night into the Church, and, though 
 
 ' " The Cavaliers did murder a very godly Divine lately at Ciceter, 
 ■with his wife and children, in their coole blood." — A Continuation of 
 certaine Speciall and EemarhaUe Passages. 
 
 ' " . . . one Mr. Stanfield, armed hack and brest, with sword and 
 pistolls. The other, Mr. Gregory of Cyrencester." — A Particular Rela- 
 tion of the Action before Cyrencester ... " Written by an Bye-witnesse. 
 Printed in the year 1642." Reprinted in Bibliotheca Oloucestriensis. 
 
144 NEHEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 many of them were wounded and weary, yet their 
 friends were not sufiered to bring them a cup of 
 water into the Church that night, but what they- 
 thrust in at the back of the Church, having broken 
 the windows, and the like cruelty. I here was 
 shewed unto them when they lay in Witnei/ Church 
 in their passage to Oxford. 
 
 They tied all the prisoners, gentlemen, ministers, 
 and all, in ropes, andmade them all go afoot through 
 the dirt in the streets and way to Oxford, which 
 was up to the knees sometimes, and in this manner 
 they used a very worthy gentleman, who had been 
 very lately High Sheriff of our county, an aged 
 gentleman, of an infirm health, though of an un- 
 daunted courage in this cause. 
 
 They shamefully abused the two ministers, re- 
 proachfully imitating their manner of preaching, &c. 
 
 The Captain, who took the ministers, upon the 
 earnest solicitations of one of their friends for their 
 releasement, promised them that for fifty or sixty 
 pounds apiece he would release them, which money 
 being procured, and paid them, he scoffingly an- 
 swered, that they might well pay as much more to 
 him for not killing them, as he might have done ; 
 and so, after that, they were more straitly impri- 
 soned and worse used, and one of their friends, that 
 had a free pass promised him into the town with 
 the money, had very much ado to escape killing and 
 imprisoning. 
 
 We lost five pieces of cannon, near upon twelve 
 hundred muskets, and other arms, fourteen colours, 
 
EISTOBIGAL NOTICES. 145 
 
 and some ammunition, for most of our powder and 
 bullet was sent unto them before they entered the 
 town. 
 
 The value of the pillage of the town is uncertain, 
 but very great, to the utter ruin of many hundred 
 families ; and besides the burning of some particular 
 men's houses which were purposely set on fire after 
 the town was won, the Barton Farm, with very 
 much buildings in it, and all the corn, hay, and 
 other, goods and cattle of one gentleman, which 
 amounted to three thousand pounds and upwards, 
 was burnt to the ground. 
 
 February the 3rd, they went into the country, 
 and took away all the horses, sheep, oxen, and 
 other cattle of the well affected that inhabiteth near 
 Cicester. 
 
 February the 4th, they took away cloth, wool, 
 and yarn, besides other goods from the clothiers 
 about Stroudwater, to the utter undoing, not only 
 of them and theirs, but of thousands of poor people 
 whose very livelihood depend on that trade. 
 
 Some cause of this our ruin hath been the 
 treachery of our malignant Grentry round about 
 us, who constantly gave the enemy intelligence, and 
 entertainment in their houses, made provision for 
 their armies, and some of them appeared in arms 
 before their neighbour town, which they could 
 endure to see both fired and spoiled. 
 
 February the 7th. — There came letters this day 
 fuUy informing the bloody cruelty of the Cavaliers 
 at the taking of Cicester, but, by the way, the cruel 
 
 VOL. II. L 
 
146 NEHEUIAH WALLINGTON'8 
 
 carriage of Prince Rupert^" (for justly so his name 
 may be) in plundering Northampton and Warwick- 
 shire was first related to this effect : That he took 
 away in those two counties at least two thousand 
 horses, with which he made his footmen troopers ; 
 six hundred head of cattle, and above sixty cart 
 load of plunder, besides the great spoilthe common 
 soldiers made, who loaded themselves with all sorts 
 of piUage that was fit for carriage, and took pure 
 Holland sheets and folded them up under their 
 saddles. But to go on; when Prince Rupert and 
 these Cavaliering Eebels had entered into the town 
 of Cicester, they laid about them in that inhuman 
 manner it would grieve a Jew to hear the relation. 
 They spared none, either of men, women, and children, 
 that they met with in the streets, and most cruelly 
 murdered a godly divine and his whole family, and 
 two other ministers, as is most notoriously known. 
 The like cruelty, in all respects, if it were fully 
 related, could not be paralleled by the Irish Eebels. 
 And upon the first report of their coming to 
 Oxford there were at least four thousand of the 
 inhabitants that went out to see them, divers of 
 the Court, and his Majesty, a little way. The poor 
 prisoners were tied to one another with cords and 
 match," though most of them were men of good 
 
 "» Eober. 
 
 " " A rope or cord made of hempen tow, composed of three strands 
 slightly twisted, and again covered with tow, and boiled in the lees of. 
 old wine. This, when hghted at one end, retains fire and burns slowly 
 till consumed. It is used in firing artillery, &c." — The Imperial Dic- 
 tionary; London, 1863. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 147 
 
 worth and quality, and two of them ministers, trash- 
 ing" through the mire and dirt, and when they 
 came before his Majesty, they were commanded in 
 the open fields to fall down upon their knee's in all 
 the mire and dirt, to beg his Majesty's grace and 
 favour, which they were easily entreated to, the 
 poor men upon the first sight of his Majesty being 
 not a little confident that the bowels of princely 
 mercy would be extended towards them ; but they 
 received no other answer but this, that they had 
 brought that misery upon themselves ; and were 
 presently carried into the town, and imprisoned in 
 two several Churches, and kept there all night, not 
 allowed either firing, bread or water. But a poor 
 woman passing by, and hearing their lamentable 
 cry for water, water, undertook to fetch them some, 
 which one of the Cavaliers perceiving, gave her the 
 bastinado for it, but she being sensible of their 
 misery, said she would fetch them water, though 
 she were hanged for it. Five or six of them with 
 their miserable usage, and the wounds they received 
 at Cicester, died that night ; and another, distracted 
 with his sufierings, to expiate" his present misery, 
 cut his own throat. 
 
 '2 To trash, to fatigue. — BaUiwell. 
 " i. e. fully complete and end. See — 
 
 " Then look I death my days should expiate." 
 
 Shakespeare, xxii. Sonnet. 
 See Dyce's edition, Loudon, 1866, vol. t. HI. 
 
 L 2 
 
148 NEHEMIAE WALLINQTON'S 
 
 XXXI. 
 
 A Memorial OF Gkeat Storms of Eain, of Thtjndee, and 
 Lightning — Strange Sights in the Air. 
 
 [JvjjY the 19tli, 1643. — In Norwich they had a ter. 
 rible storm of thunder and lightning, the thunder 
 sounding distinctly, as if great pieces of ordnance 
 had been shot oif, and such a vehement shower of 
 rain, that boats might, have floated in the streets;; 
 and withal the lightning struck so thick upon the 
 water, that it made some of- the watchmen blind for • 
 the time; and the tempest was so furious about a 
 mile and a half from Norwich, at a place called 
 Eatonwood, near a farmer's house, that abundance 
 of rooks and daws sitting upon the trees were, 
 stricken dead;^ insomuch that one hundred and 
 eleven of their carcases were foujid the next morn- 
 ing by the farmer's servants, which they gathered 
 and laid upon an heap, and have been since viewed 
 by credible. person?. Some of these fowl had their 
 necks broken, and others of them had their- bones 
 and bodies terribly rent and shattered, and not one 
 drop of blood was to be seen, either upon the ground, 
 the trees, or their carcases. And that which hath 
 made this accident the more observable is, that not 
 
 • See Blomefield's Norfolk, iii. 387 ; London, 1806. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 149 
 
 any profitable creature about the farmer's house was 
 so much as touched, or had any harm, by this furious 
 tempest,. but that it fell only upon those ravenous 
 and sharking^ creatures that are hurtful to man. 
 What this may presage is yet unknown to man, but 
 from the inference we may conjecture, that it may 
 mean God's Judgments upon the plundering and 
 pillaging Cavaliering Eebels, who, like rooks and 
 daws live now ravenously by the sweat of honest 
 men's brows. This month of July, the 22nd day, 
 here in London, we had very great Storms, or Eain. 
 October the 29th, 1643, being the Lord's day, 
 from nine o'clock at night, till five o'clock the next 
 morning (the moon shining not that night) there 
 was seen by divers great flashes of fire in the sky, 
 north-west, like. to the giving of fire of ordnances; 
 and aU that .night was very light, almost as light 
 as noonday, that many say the like hath not been 
 seen. 
 
 Out of Suffolk they write that at that time,' that 
 evening after sunSet was extneme dark, till about 
 eight of the clock, then it began to grow light on 
 . the sudden, and was so light that they could plainly 
 see to read a great print, and could easily discern 
 written letters and words ; and yet there was no 
 moonshine, for- she rose not until about five of the 
 clock the next morning. It was a quiet and calm 
 light round about, and more than usually when the 
 moon is at her full, and' that the stars were rather 
 
 2 To shark : to play the petty thief ; to cheat, to trick. — Johnson. 
 
150 NEBEMIAE WALLINGTON'S 
 
 dimmer than ordinarily they are. Some clouds 
 appeared in the north and east with some streams 
 of .lightsomeness in them. And those that watched 
 all night to see the event, affirmed that it held so 
 liglit even almost till morning. 
 
 At Norwich also they saw the very same light; 
 only this some persons of credit that sat up and 
 watched have added, that ahout three o'clock in the 
 morning they saw a star fall, longer than any star 
 that ever they saw, and it fell leisurely, a long time 
 before it vanished; they had time to discourse 
 together, from the time it began to fall to the 
 time it ceased. What these things portend God 
 only knoweth. In the Scripture, light is always 
 taken in the good part, and signifies prosperity and 
 
 joy-' 
 
 And we have heard some affirm that are lately 
 come out of Surrey, that at Mitcfiam in that county, 
 they saw that night strange apparitions in those 
 white illuminated clouds towards the north, and 
 amongst the rest a Ijattle, as if it had been between 
 two armies, which no doubt threaten eth a con- 
 tinuation of wars amongst us, but will end in a 
 glorious and happy peace, as some authors have 
 written. 
 
 1645. — February the 20th, it is by credible per- 
 sons certified from Hull; on Thursday night, being 
 the 20th of February, after the last fast, about ten of 
 the clock in the night, there appeared visibly in the 
 
 « See Appendix, Note PPP. 
 
HISTOJRIVAL NOTICES. 151 
 
 air two armies of foot soldiers, which charged each 
 other with much fierceness, and then retreated, and 
 after charged afresh. And thus they did two or 
 three times, and continued till almost twelve of 
 the clock, which was at least an hour and a half. 
 This was first seen by the soldiers that were on 
 their guard, and afterward it was seen by great 
 numbers.] 
 
152 NEEEMIAE WALLING TON'S 
 
 XXXII. 
 
 The Wondebful Work of God in the GrriDANCB of Bullets — 
 Battle of Edge Hill. 
 
 [I WILL praise the Lord with my whole heart : I 
 wlU speak of all His marvellous works. — Psalm 
 ix. 1. 
 
 [Here follow these passages : Psalm Ixvi. 5 ; 
 Exodus XV. 11; Psalm Ixxxix. 5, 8 ; cxlv, 5 ; 
 Isaiah xii. 5, 6.] 
 
 1642. — August the 23rd, being Tuesday, at eight 
 o'clock, there was a skirmish for three hours at 
 Southam (in Warwickshire) between the Army 
 under the conduct of the Lord Brooks, the Lord 
 Grei/, Colonel Hampden, Colonel Hollis, and Colonel 
 Cholmley; and the Army under the command of 
 the Earl of Northampton, Lord Saville, Lord Paget. 
 
 The enemy discharged three times their two 
 pieces of ordnance upon the very body of our 
 army, but not a man hurt by God's great mercy. 
 Nay, God's wonderful mark was observed in the 
 guidance of the adverse party's bullets. Eor one 
 went over the Lord Brooks his head, as also another 
 bullet went close to the Lord Grey; some went on 
 one side, and some flew clean over their heads, both 
 horse and foot, touching no man, nor doing any 
 harm at all. 
 
E18T0BIOAL NOTICES. 153 
 
 And some bullets grazed along, and some bullets 
 fell down flat upon tbe ground before tbem, and 
 struck or spattered dirt in some of tbeir faces ; but 
 not a man hurt, wbich shews the protection of God 
 is over them that trust in Him. Which, after com- 
 mand given on our side to discharge one of our 
 pieces of ordnance, which was charged with musket 
 bullets, which with the scattering many of the 
 adverse party were dangerously wounded, a drum- 
 mer, with two others, was slain, and supposed many 
 others ; and five very good horses found dead. 
 
 In the month of July 1645 at the taking of 
 Berkeley Castle, one of Captain Pweye's soldiers, 
 having the same day received an half-crown piece 
 from his captain, put it into the coUar of his doublet ; 
 not long after which a bullet from the Castle hit the 
 half-crown, and battered it, and afterwards the bullet 
 recoiled to his shoulder, and the strength of it being 
 spent, made but a slight wound there. This from 
 one who saw the half-crown battered, and bullet cut 
 out. It is an act of God's providence as of the 
 soldier, who stuck an horse shoe at his girdle, which 
 preserved his life in like kind. 
 
 Now to write a few words of that great fight 
 near Kineton. 
 
 Edge EUl. 
 
 1642. — October the 23rd, being the Lord's day in 
 the forenoon, both the Armies met in the midway 
 hetween Banbury axid Stratford-upon-Avon. And 
 they had a very hot skirmish, their ordnance play- 
 
154 NEEEMIAH WALLINOTON'S 
 
 ing very hot from twelve o'clock tiU three in the 
 afternoon, and made a great slaughter, and then 
 the main forces joined lattle, both horse and foot, 
 and had a furious skirmish on both sides, which 
 continued for all that day. 
 
 But that which I would take notice of is God's 
 great mercy and providence, which was seen to His 
 poor despised children, that although the enemy came 
 traitorously and suddenly upon them, and unex- 
 pectedly, and four of our regiments falling from us, 
 and our soldiers being a company of despised un- 
 experienced youths, and never using to lie in the 
 fields on the cold ground before the enemy, they 
 being strong, old, experienced soldiers. But herein 
 we see Grod's great mercy^ for all that to give us the 
 victory; for, as I hear, that the slaughter in aU 
 was five thousand five hundred and seventeen ; but 
 ten of the enemies' side were slain to one of ours. 
 And observe God's wonderful works, for those that 
 were slain of our side were most of them run away ; 
 but those that stood most valiantly to it, they were 
 most preserved ; so that you may see the Lord 
 stands for them that stand for Him. 
 
 If 1 could but relate how admirably the hand of 
 providence ordered our artillery and bullets for the 
 destruction of the enemy, when a piece of ordnance 
 was shot off, what a lane was made in their army ; 
 but when the enemy shot their ordnance against us, 
 O how did God guide the bullets (as I wrote afore 
 at Southam) that some fell down before them, some 
 grazed along, some bullets went over their heads, 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 155 
 
 and some, one side of them. Oli how seldom or 
 never almost were they hurt that stood valiant to 
 it, by their bullets ; you would stand and wonder. 
 Those that rid most gallantly among an hundred 
 thousand bullets, and faced and charged the enemy, 
 were first, .his Excellency the Lord Bedford, Sir 
 William Balfour, Sir John Meldrum, Commander of 
 the Lord Say his Eegiment, Sir Philip Stapleton, 
 Sir Arthur Haslerigg, Sir Samuel Luke, Serjeant 
 Major Hurny, Captain Hunt, though left all alone ; 
 these are some of those that are chiefly spoken of 
 for their valour, which God did assist of His great 
 mercy. And it is a sweet passage of his Excellency, 
 it is worth the noting, that when Mr. Marshall was 
 speaking of the success of the battle, his Excellency 
 replied twice together, That he never saw less of man 
 in anything, nor more of God. 
 
 Again, consider one wonderful work of our God 
 more ; which is, that many of our youths that went 
 forth were weakly, and sickly, some with the king's 
 evil, some with agues, and some with the tooth- 
 ache, which their parents and friends were in great 
 care and grief for; yet, when they have lain days 
 and nights in the wet and cold fields, which one 
 should think should make a well body sick, much 
 more to increase their misery and pain that were ill, 
 yet they have testified that their pain hath left 
 them, and never better in all their lives. 
 
 This is the Lord's doing, and it is marvellous in 
 my eyes. 
 
 I did forget to .write this remarkable passage, 
 
156 NEHEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 how the King's army shot off thirty pieces of ord- 
 nance and killed not passing four of our men ; and 
 the first time we shot, we made a lane among them 
 cutting off two of their colours.' 
 
 November the 5th, being Saturday, that trea- 
 cherous, cruel, and bloody fight was at Brentford, 
 where the enemy took Captain Lilburn away pri- 
 soner. But how the great Grod and Lord of Hosts 
 did preserve us, and gave us at last the victory, that 
 they were glad to steal and run away. But of this 
 I do intend to write more at large in my book, 
 called "The wonderful working God, or, The God- 
 working wonders." 
 
 About the latter end of December, at Twyford, 
 three miles from Reading, the Cavaliering Rebels 
 set upon some of the Parliament Army, and they 
 perceiving the wind against our Army, and a water 
 mill being by them, they set that on fire, to the 
 intent that the wind might blow the smoke, and so 
 smother in our Armies, that so they might have 
 the victory over them. But mark the wonderful 
 works of the Lord, which hath the command of the 
 winds ; that at the very time when the mill began 
 to smoke, our God commanded the wind and smoke, 
 to turn back in the faces of His and our enemies 
 so that fourscore of our Army beat three troops of 
 their Dragooneers, and two men of us, through God's 
 help, slew sixteen of the rebels, and not one of us, 
 our Army, was killed; no, nor hurt, that I could 
 
 ^ See Appendix, Note QQQ. 
 
EISTOBIOAL NOTICES. 157 
 
 hear of; but made the rest of our enemies to run 
 away. 
 
 This also cometh from the Lord of Hosts which 
 is wonderful in counsel, and excellent in works. — 
 Iscda. xxviii. 29.] 
 
158 N ERE MI AH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 XXXIII. 
 
 Pltjudebings and Pillasikgs (continued) — Ckuelty used to Pbi- 
 SONBHS AT Oxford — Ibeland akd the Ibish Eebels — Moeb 
 Savage Ceuewies and Extreme Miseries. 
 
 1 643 . Marcb the 9 th.— " By letters from Notting- 
 kamshire it was informed that the Cavaliers, or 
 rebels, in Newark-upon- Trent have of late plundered 
 the Countess o? Exeter, and burnt down her house 
 in Newark,^ although she had the King's hand and 
 seal for her safety not to be touched, which, when it 
 was shown to the Popish Cavaliers, they made 
 answer that his Majesty did not so well understand 
 the conditions and nature of war, and that he was 
 more fitting for his private study, or palace, than for 
 a camp ; it is also signified that they have made the 
 like spoil in other places thereabout, and burnt 
 down a stately dwelling completely furnished, where 
 the King and Queen have been often entertained, 
 and that for no other cause but that it belonged 
 to some well affected Protestants that went not 
 in the same rebellious courses as they do."'"' 
 
 March the 23rd. — Certain Eelation. That the 
 Earl of Carnarvon and Prince Rupert ' with other 
 
 ' " Colonel King's Eegiment marched to Countoss of Exeter's House, 
 and, after a very smart conflict, gained it." — Rushworth, 
 ' See Perfect Diurnall, No. 4-2. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 159 
 
 great ones, marched to Wendover, and have plun- 
 dered all the towns thereabout of all their goods 
 and household stuff; they have taken and driven 
 away all their horses, beasts, and sheep ; they have 
 not spared those who are accounted their own 
 friends, they have spoiled and torn in pieces the 
 insides of divers fair houses, and besides the corn 
 they spent upon their horses they spoiled very much 
 upon the ground^ and threw it about the fields, and 
 what goods they could not carry away, they cut in 
 pieces, and threw about the fields and highways 
 as they went. They have cut in pieces their horse 
 harnesses, and things belonging] to the plough. 
 They swear horrid oaths that we shall have no 
 harvest this year. How miserably did they use 
 some families, in some were a wife with seven 
 children, in others more, that had neither meat, 
 drink, bedding, nor anything left in their houses, 
 but bare walls ; persons of good esteem and ability 
 the day before, but by these inhuman crew robbed 
 of all, and left to the charitable relief of others.^ 
 
 March the 30th came letters from Lancashire, 
 shewing that the Cavaliering Eebels had entered the 
 town and put all to the sword they met with, both 
 men, women, and children with aU barbarous cruelty, 
 firing the town round, and then withdrew for some 
 space. 
 
 March the 25th. — In the County of Lincoln, 
 Captain Stiles and Captain Cromwell, Mr. Stiles, the 
 Minister of Croyland, with about eighty or ninety 
 
 ' See England's Memorable Accidents. 
 
160 NEHEMIAH WALLINQTON'S 
 
 men, came to the town of Spalding, which, at that 
 time was utterly -unfurnished of men. and arms, 
 whereof they had intelligence the evening before 
 by some of our malignant neighbours. Near break 
 of day they beset the house of Mr, Ram, Minister 
 of the town, where they took T. Harrington, Esq., 
 and the said Mr. Ram, and in a violent and uncivil 
 manner carried them away to Croyland, as also one 
 Edward Home, a sergeant under our Captain. "So 
 we three were kept together under strong guard, 
 and one Mr. Slater, of Spalding, a man of sixty-six 
 years of age, was taken and made prisoners with us. 
 Captain Stiles one day quarrelled with us for praying 
 together, and threatened to take away the Bible, 
 and by no means would permit us to have pen, ink, 
 or paper, and on April the 13th some companies of 
 our friends advanced toward our relief, whereupon 
 we were all carried down to the bulwark, being' all 
 of us pinioned and made to stand in an open place 
 when the cannon began to play. Then all five of us 
 (for there was one more) were set upon the top 
 of the breast-work, where we stood by the space of 
 three hours, our friends shouting fiercely at us for a 
 great part of the time before they knew us." A 
 Captain made three shots at his own father, sup- 
 posing that they had been Croylanders. But how 
 the Lord did preserve and wondrously deliver them 
 you may see more at large in my book called " The 
 wonder-working God, or the Grod-working wonders." 
 April the 12th. — There came more particular 
 relation by letters out of Warwickshire of Prince 
 
mSTOBIOA'L NOTICES. 161 
 
 Ruperfs taking Birmingham to this effect : '' That at 
 the enemies taking the town, they lost at least 
 thirty men, and after they came into the town, they 
 spared neither friends nor foes, but those that trusted 
 them least fared best. When they had plundered 
 the town they fired the houses in several parts 
 of the town, and burnt about forty houses, and 
 had it not been God's wonderful mercy in turning 
 the wind the town had been quite consumed,^ and 
 yet but four of Birmingham men were slain. One 
 particular more I cannot pass. There was in 
 Birmingham an old bachelor of almost fourscore 
 years of age, he had much gold lay by him, as it was 
 generally spoken ; he would never put it to use, nor 
 lend it freely, scrupling the one, and wanting charity 
 for the other. He was a great man for the King, 
 and spent most of his time in arguing against this 
 unnatural war of the subjects against their Prince, 
 as he called it. But when the Prince had taken the 
 town, the first man he called for was this old man, 
 and at the first salute, he told him he was a man 
 most pernicious and adverse to the King's Majesty, 
 and his party. The old man, kneeling upon his 
 knees, answered he was the most forward in the 
 town for the King, and had made it his work to 
 plead his cause. At which words a Cavalier took 
 him by the throat, giving him a small prick on the 
 
 ■* See Perfect Diurnall, No. 44. 
 
 ° " The wind at first blew the flame and smoke into the faces of our 
 
 souldiers, to their great annoyance, and endangering of the Town. But 
 
 God that rides on the wings of the wind did very seasonably turn it, 
 
 till the rage of the iire was abated." — Vicars. See Appendix, Note BRE. 
 
 VOL. II. M 
 
162 NERMUIAH WALLING TON'S 
 
 side, saying, " Tou old dog, you have three thousand 
 pound which we must have, or your throat shall be 
 cut." The old man they dragged along to his 
 lodging, who, for fear of death, opened a place in 
 the wall, and brought them out eight hundred 
 pound; but they were not satisfied with this, 
 nor was his throat ever the further from cutting, 
 but held the knife there and gave another prick, 
 which brought out of another place five hundred 
 pound more ; but this was not enough, he had still 
 the knife at his throat. At last he down upon his 
 knees, taking a deep protestation that he had not ten 
 groats more in all the world, and then they let him 
 go wi^h his life. 
 
 April the 18th. — It is informed out of Warwick- 
 shire that Prince Rupert sent his horse abroad into 
 the country about Lichfield, and drove before them 
 poor countrymen to Lichfield, compelling them to 
 go into the van of those soldiers that assaulted the 
 Close there, where they were killed like dogs, a 
 hundred of them falling in a little compass. It is 
 a wonder that such horrid actions as these are of 
 this barbarous Prince, should not make the malig- 
 nants of this kingdom ashamed to adhere to the 
 actions of this man, so apparently tending to the 
 destruction of this kingdom. 
 
 It was also informed that the King's forces have 
 plundered a town called Auster, which is five miles 
 beyond Stratford-upon-Avon, in the county of 
 Warwick, and that they have undone the richest 
 market town of the bigness in all the country, for 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 163 
 
 besides good store of plate and other commodities 
 which they took from gentlemen, they have taken 
 all the shopkeepers' cloth, and other rich wares, to 
 a very great value. 
 
 April the 22nd, — "There came letters from 
 Reading which informeth for a truth by those that 
 were eye-witnesses thereof that before the Lord Grey 
 came thither, Col. Aston sallied out on that part of 
 the town, and seized on all, men or women, that he 
 could meet withal, and brought them into the town, 
 and when any breach is made in their works by the 
 Parliament forces, he forceth women and children to 
 make up the breach, or stand in the mouth of the 
 cannon, refusing to let any of them depart the 
 town." " 
 
 May the 17th. — "From Buckinghamshire [it is] 
 informed that the Oxford rebels have of late made 
 cruel spoil in that county, robbing and pillaging 
 
 them of all they have, burnt a town and 
 
 slew divers." ' 
 
 May the 20th. — It is informed out of Derbyshire 
 that the -Earl of Newcastle sent a great force into 
 Derbyshire to plunder that shire, which they per- 
 formed, leaving no place unransacked, but ruining 
 in inhuman and barbarous manner, neither sparing 
 friend nor foe. So that county is not left worth 
 anything, only Derby itself, which Sir John Gell 
 guarded, and one or two other places ; or else the 
 whole shire is wholly despoiled of all they have. 
 
 May the 27th. — It is informed from Oxford that 
 
 « From Perfect Diurnall, No. 46. ' Ibid., No. 49. 
 
 M 2 
 
164 NEEEMIAE WALLINGTON'S 
 
 the Cavaliers at Burfort, they set fire on some hay, 
 which burnt thirty load of hay, much oats in a 
 barn, which [was] near being fired also, and some 
 corn also. 
 
 Ifay the 31st. — It is infisrmed that these English 
 Eebels came to a Town called Ilmington (which lies 
 in three several shires, Warwickshire, Worcestershire, 
 and Gloucestershire) and they pillaged and plundered 
 the most part of that poor town, and it was 
 indangered by them at least three hundred pound, 
 and no distinction made between either friend or foe. 
 
 Cruelty used to Prisoners at Oxford. 
 
 Extract of a Letter from a Friend near Oxford, 
 June the 5th, 1643. 
 
 " Sir, I suppose by this time. Captain Wingate is 
 with you. I doubt not but he will put the business 
 out of controversy, which had so long been ques- 
 tionable, which is, whether the prisoners here are 
 used well or HI. ^g° He will tell you that him- 
 self was twenty weeks a prisoner, and had neither 
 pen, ink, paper, nor any printed book ; ^g" that he 
 could not be permitted the Bible, nor Testament ; 
 that divers have been starved to death, and beaten 
 to death ; how men could not have food for their 
 money, but were kept to five farthings a day, and 
 that some had money brought, and it was kept from 
 them ; that eleven Captains are dead through cruel 
 usage ; that the (Cavaliers or) Eebels to the Parlia- 
 ment prisoners at Oxford, have equalled or exceeded 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 165 
 
 them in Queen Mary's day's ; that all this cruelty- 
 does not proceed from Marshall Smith, though he he 
 a fit instrument for any Tyrant that ever was, (yea, 
 he might make a slaughter slave for the Cannibals) 
 but from the higher powers.* 
 
 " By Declaration of the Lords and Commons in 
 Parliament, it is specified that the lamentable con- 
 dition of Ireland is much, for the poor Protestants 
 in some places are forced to kill their Horses to 
 satisfy their Hunger, and very many others have 
 perished by Famine. Set forth June the 24th, 
 1643. 
 
 " We the Lords and Commons assembled in Par- 
 liament, being by several letters fully informed both 
 from the Lord Justices and Council of Dublin, and 
 also from other parts of the Kingdom of Ireland, of 
 the extreme condition of the whole Army, and the 
 lamentable estate of the Kingdom in that the most 
 parts of the army, our soldiers, want bread for their 
 bellies, clothes for their backs, and shoes for 
 their feet ; and in some parts they have been forced 
 to kill their horses to satisfy their hunger; very 
 many of the poor English in several places have 
 perished by famine, and very many have eaten the 
 very hides of horses to keep them from starving; 
 which have brought very many of them to such 
 a condition of weakness that they appear rather like 
 walking anatomies than fighting men." ' 
 
 8 Appendix, Note SSS. • 
 
 * This declaration is given at length in Sicshworth, part iii. vol. ii. 
 p. 539. 
 
166 NEIIEMIAE WALLINGTON'S 
 
 As also I did hear of a company of women being 
 together, and in great distress for want of food, did 
 condition to cast lots to eat one the other. And 
 so the lot falling on one woman, the woman did 
 intreat very much to spare her life a little longer ; 
 and so it pleased the Lord on a sudden they did 
 hear that six horses were come into the town, 
 which when they were killed, these poor souls did 
 get some part of them, and so the woman's life was 
 spared for that time. 
 
 This month of June, when Prince Maurice his 
 forces were last at Broadway in Worcestershire, they 
 seized upon a very honest gentleman named Mr. 
 Stevens, (who the last summer had his ricks of corn 
 set on fire by the King's forces), whom they would 
 hang up in the midst of the town, to be a terror to 
 those they call Eoundheads ; and although nothing 
 was laid to his charge, and his wife and children 
 intreated upon their knees to spare his life, yet 
 those hard-hearted wretches would not hear them ; 
 but it pleased God to save him out of the mouth of 
 those lions in a wonderful manner. For when 
 they were actually about to put this wicked practice 
 in execution, there came a Colonel of their own, 
 Tarverjield by name, which came that way by mere 
 accident (not being in the town, nor having any 
 command of soldiers there) and passing by, seeing 
 them about an inhuman business, he would not 
 suffer them to do it, saying he would complain to his 
 Majesty, if they offered him more violence, by which 
 means he was secured from them. 
 
EISTORIOAL NOTICES. 167 
 
 And in Sir William Brereton's letter, dated June 
 the 17th, it is to this purpose informed, That there 
 landed [from] two barks many Irish Eebels in Wer- 
 rall in Cheshire, which acknowledged in the presence 
 of divers sufl&cient men, that they had washed their 
 hands in the blood of the English and Scotch in 
 Ireland, ^g° and now hoped to wash their hands in 
 the blood of English men in England : which Rebels 
 being brought into Chester were accused by several 
 of those poor English who fled from Ireland to 
 Chester for refuge, to be the persons who cut their 
 husbands' throats ; and many of these bloody Eebels 
 are now in the Queen's Army with us. 
 
 And the examination of John Dod Clerke taken 
 by a select Committee of the House of Commons, 
 July 8th, 1643, saith, That after he had suffered 
 many miseries in this rebellion of Ireland, he repaired 
 to this Kingdom, and some occasions carrying him 
 to Oxford, he stayed there seven weeks, and came 
 out of Oxford, June the 13th, 1643 ; That during his 
 stay there, he saw a great number of Irish Eebels, 
 whom he very weU knew to have had a hand in the 
 most barbarous actions of that Eebellion ; among 
 whom was one Thomas Brady who at Turbet in the 
 county of Cavan, in the province of Ulster in Ireland, 
 within seven miles where this examinat lived ^" as 
 thirty-six old men, women, and children, not able 
 to flee were passing over a bridge, caused them aU 
 to be thrown into the water, where they were all 
 drowned. 
 
 But of these cruelties I have books by me which 
 
168 NEEEMIAH WALLING T ON' B 
 
 sheweth them more at large, and what we may look 
 for here, (if Grod be not the more merciful unto us) 
 when there be so many of these cruel men come 
 over here, and are in the King's Army, and in the 
 Queen's Array, and still more are sent for. And 
 many of these Eebels have testified that their rebellion 
 in Ireland, and what they did there, they had both 
 the King's and Queen's consent to it, and had the 
 King's broad seal to shew for it. 
 
 The Mercies of the Wicked are Gruel. 
 
 " Under two or three witnesses let everything be 
 established." 
 
 July the 17th, 1643. — It is informed again how 
 the popish crew do use the poor inhabitants in 
 Bradford. After the Earl of Newcastle had battered 
 all the chimnies down in the town, that there 
 were scarce six left standing, which forced Sir 
 Thomas Fairfax, with about fifteen hundred men, • 
 to quit the town, and leave it to the violence of this 
 cruel popish army, where also he was forced" to leave 
 his lady, she being wounded with a shot in the 
 shoulder. After his departure hence, the barbarous 
 and merciless popish soldiers entered the town, and 
 slew many of the inhabitants with their wives 
 and children, and most inhumanly they threw one 
 child into the river, and they have not left one man 
 in the town under the age of sixty, but have either 
 slain them, or driven them away. 
 
 July the 17th. — It is credibly informed that the 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 169 
 
 Queen's army, a most filthy, wicked crew, in her 
 march to Oxford, made it their care to free the 
 inhabitants of Burton-upon-Trent^^ who are gene- 
 rally well afiected to the Parliament, and, therefore, 
 they sent twenty-seven colours af foot, and about 
 sixteen colours of horse, to do execution upon the 
 Parliament forces residing there. They faced it 
 upon July the 13th last, first, with their horse 
 by break of day, who were forced to retreat j after- 
 ward, about five or six o'clock, they returned with 
 the foot. Then the service began to grow very 
 hot, the town having been twice summoned by a 
 trumpeter to yield, but bravely resolved to fight it 
 out, which they did till near six o'clock at night. 
 But at last our men, being wearied with the whole 
 day's service, and oppressed by an over-daring mul- 
 titude of the enemy, they were driven from their 
 guards, and then soon left the town. Brave Colonel 
 Houghton, his Lieutenant, Colonel Sanders, Captain 
 Watson, and divers other commanders, all men never 
 enough to be honoured, after quarter demanded, and 
 granted, were grievously wounded and killed. Our 
 foot soldiers, after quarter promised, they put up in 
 the tower of the Church where the beUs hanged, 
 and then blew up the tower with gunpowder ; the 
 Queen causing the chief master-gunner to be brought 
 before her, and killed, or cut to pieces, before her 
 face. They tied some men back to back, and then 
 threw them into the river Trent. The townsmen 
 they wounded many, they killed many, they spoiled 
 
 " See Perfect Diurnall, No. 4, 
 
170 NEEEMIAH WALLING TON'S 
 
 all, and pillaged the town of all that was worth the 
 carriage away, and then they set the whole town on 
 fire, and so left it. 
 
 The forces under Prince Rupert, besides Birming- 
 ham, and some other places, formerly ruined by 
 them, have lately burnt Shawell, and, not contenting 
 themselves only with the goods and houses, and 
 utter destruction of all other things in that and 
 other places where they became conquerors, but also 
 thirsting after the precious blood of men, have 
 lately executed and hanged up some well-affected 
 inhabitants of that town, and in some places in 
 Gloucestershire,^'^ the ministers, for their denial to 
 renounce the solemn covenant which they had 
 lately taken according to the appointment of both 
 Houses of Parliament. So cruel are these mis- 
 creants to enforce men contrary to their conscience, 
 and all laws of nature or nations, to renounce their 
 solemn oaths made unto God for the defence of the 
 true Protestant religion. 
 
 July the 26th, being the Fastday, the whole 
 town of Howley, in Staffordshire, assembled in the 
 church to keep that solemn day of humiliation ; in 
 the midst of this their devotion, there came some 
 troopers of the Cavaliers from Dudley Castle, about 
 
 " " The progress of the royal forces about this period gave rise to the 
 following rhymes, which are assigned to July 31, 1643 : — 
 
 ' Bristol taking, 
 Kxeter shaking, 
 Gloucester quaking.' 
 
 — Corry and Evans, History of Bristol, i. 414." — Bibliotheca Qloucea- 
 triensis. Gloucester, 1825. 
 
EISTOBICAL NOTICES. 171 
 
 two miles distant from that town, and violently 
 carried many divers of the well-affected inhabitants 
 of that town out of the Church. 
 
 The virgins in Norwich, hearing of the Cavaliers' 
 violent outrages committed upon their sex where- 
 soever they get the victory, are so sensible of their 
 reputations, that they have readily contributed so 
 much money as hath raised and armed a goodly 
 troop of horse for their defence, which is called the 
 Maiden Troop. 
 
 It is informed from Ireland, that the justice of Grod 
 is yet more evidently seen in this, that the wicked 
 and cruel Eebels that would not hear the cries, either 
 of young or old, calling unto them for mercy to 
 spare their lives, but used all the Protestants with 
 most barbarous cruelties, killing, murdering and 
 slaying aU that come into their powers, and leaving 
 their bodies to be devoured of wolves, hogs, crows 
 and kites, by which means there have not been less 
 than two hundred thousand Protestants, men, women, 
 and children, English and Scottish, massacred in 
 that kingdom since that odious Eebellion brake 
 forth ; yet behold the just hand of Grod upon those 
 Eebels, in the same place or province where they 
 exercised so much cruelty on others ; for whereas 
 the English and Scottish soldiers now go into many 
 parts of it, to view the country, and seek provision, 
 coming into some small villages and seeing the 
 houses smoke, enter the houses to know what in- 
 habitants dwell in them, they find in some house 
 one man dead and murdered, and sometimes four, in 
 
172 NEEEMIAH WALLINQTON'S 
 
 some houses six, in some eight or ten persons, all 
 feeding upon the dead carcase. And in some places 
 they found the whole household dead, except one or 
 two men, and in others they found all dead, and 
 starved with hunger, as appears by the leanness of 
 their bodies, their bones plainly appearing through 
 their skin, and even those whom they found living 
 seemed like to walking anatomies. So that those 
 that fed hogs with the flesh of Christians, are now 
 forced to devour and eat up one another. The Lord 
 is holy in all His ways, and just in all His works, 
 repaying the wicked according to their deserts. 
 
 Some fart of a Copy of a Letter from Exeter of the Miseries 
 thereabouts, August the 3rd. 
 
 " Sir John Barhely, a great Commander of the 
 Cavaliers, hath done very great spoil amongst us, 
 posting to and fro, with an hundred and fifty horse, 
 imposing upon the subject such heavy taxation, 
 that the subject cannot bear, their horses and goods 
 plundered, their persons threatened, and imprisoned ; 
 and it is no news to the world, that this country 
 hath had his share of troubles. For since the siege 
 of Sherborne Castle, full fourteen months, when 
 first Sir Ralph Hopton took his fiight in the north 
 part of Somerset, we have not been free of soldiers, 
 and no small number, but by thousands, 4, 5, 6, 7, 
 8, and ten thousand still in pay of our own party, 
 and at length came the rabble of Cornish, and they 
 swept ,the country clean where they went, yea, and 
 forced men to carry arms ; but they have done them 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 173 
 
 as little service as they did us at Modhury, when 
 they all ran before they came near the place. 
 
 1643. September the 7th. — There is a letter come 
 out of Norfolk which informeth that Colonel Crom- 
 well hath battered the town of Lynn sorely, from 
 Old Lynn, the shot of whose ordnance hath slain 
 divers men, women, and children, and that the 
 lamentable shrieks and cries of women and children 
 are heard a great way out of the town ; and yet the 
 townsmen are so cruel and hard-hearted to them 
 that they will not suffer them to depart out of the 
 town.'^ 
 
 September the 27th, " Sir Lewis Dives came with 
 a party of four hundred horse to Amptfdll, within 
 live miles of Bedford, and surprised divers of the 
 well affected Grentry and Freeholders of that county 
 that were met there as a Committee appointed by 
 the Parliament, and carried them away prisoners 
 to Abingdon and Oxford, with about a hundred 
 horse."" 
 
 October the 8th, our sad Informer assures us that 
 his Majesty's forces have lately invaded the town of 
 Gckingham in Berkshire, and practised all the most 
 barbarous cruelty which malice or fury could invent. 
 For what the sword left untouched, the rage of the 
 flame devoured ; there was no moderation observed 
 in the estates of poor or rich, well affected or 
 malignant, they distinguished not twixt friend or foe, 
 but whatsoever goods did come into their hands it 
 Avas accounted lawful plunder. They have made 
 
 " Appendix, Note TTT. '= Prom A Perfect Diurnall, No. 12. 
 
174 NEHEMIAE WALLINGTON'S 
 
 the inhabitants the unparalleled subjects of distress, 
 and turned their towns into a wilderness. 
 
 About this time there came news of the cruel 
 tyranny of those barbarous Cavaliers to the in- 
 habitants of the city of Exeter. Exeter, that famous 
 city in the west, having for the space of three 
 months defended themselves against the proud 
 enemy, who had so strongly beleaguered the said 
 city of Exeter, they, the inhabitants thereof, could 
 neither have relief brought to them by land or 
 water, though many times they sallied forth against 
 their foes, and manfully combated with them, the 
 enemy being at the least eight men for one, having 
 also continual supplies of victuals and ammunition 
 sent them from the Cornish Cavaliers, and divers 
 other places. The Citizens together with the con- 
 sent of that Noble Commander, the Earl of Stam- 
 ford, being in great distress for want of relief and 
 ammunition, having first made an agreement with 
 Prince Maurice upon several Articles, whereby to 
 prevent the resolute Cavaliers from plundering and 
 pillaging their houses. But how little conscience 
 these cruel enemies make of their promises and 
 ways ; [it] is too well known in all the western parts, 
 that they which are called l^imce Rupert, and Prince 
 Maurice his Cavaliers, are most of them addicted 
 to such cruelties, that they shew themselves more 
 like tigers, or savage beasts, than humane men, 
 as shall appear in the following discourse, wherein 
 shall be expressed nothing but what the author 
 of the news was an eye-witness of. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 175 
 
 The Cavaliers having entered the forenamed city 
 of Exeter, used the people most cruelly, and did all 
 the violence they could do to them, only sparing 
 their lives, whereby we may perceive how far they 
 are from keeping their promises which they make. 
 The rude soldiers would not forbear upon the least 
 discontent given to them, to draw their rapiers 
 upon the citizens, and wound them ; but especially 
 when they are in their cups, they swagger, roar, 
 swear, and domineer, plundering, pillaging or doing 
 any other kind of wrong ; to break shops and houses, 
 they count it as nothing, taking away boots, shoes, 
 stockings, hats, or any other commodities they can 
 lay their hands on, and no justice dares to resist 
 them, and by this means the city is in such a miser- 
 able condition that they are even terrified to the 
 death. 
 
 The Magistrates of the City are fined at extra- 
 ordinary rates, and when they have paid what the 
 Cavaliers demand, they will force them, as they 
 do in other places, to repay it again. The better to 
 manifest the inhumanity of these barbarous Cava- 
 liers, Gloucester and Cirencester by woful experience 
 can testify. 
 
 Cirencester in Gloucestershire having three several 
 times manfully withstood the furious assaults of 
 these Eebels, was at last taken by them, where they 
 used such tyranny that pagans and heathen would 
 not have done the like in their own countries, for 
 after they had entered the town by force they slew 
 all the men that stood in opposition ; and those that 
 
176 NEHEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 kindly laid down their arms to them and yielded, 
 they carried them away into Oxford prison, where 
 never men endured more misery. This being done, 
 they plundered the town of gold, silver, brass, 
 household stuff, pewter, and lodging, even all they 
 had ; so that from the richest to the poorest they 
 were all undone, insomuch that neither rich nor poor, 
 old or young, friend nor foe, escaped their fury. 
 
 Not long after this, they laid strong siege against 
 Bristol; and after many battles they sent a mes- 
 senger into the city, which told them if they would 
 surrender it up by fair means, they should have fair 
 quarter, and that never a man in the city should 
 have one penny worth of wrong, only fifty thousand 
 pound to be given them for composition, and all 
 their soldiers to be new apparelled, which indeed 
 had much need, for there were never so many tatter- 
 demalions" seen in Bristol before. But having 
 entered the city, the best meat, the choicest wine, 
 and cleanest lodging seemed not good enough to 
 please these tattered Cavaliering Rebe].s, who before 
 wanted all things. 
 
 They went into some cellars where was plenty of 
 wine and beer, drank their fill, and let the rest run 
 about the house. They brake the covenant which 
 was made, in the very first hour that they entered 
 the city, and fell to plundering, pillaging, robbing, 
 stealing, cutting, and slashing, as if they never had 
 been brought up to any other practice. So that 
 now they that gave them entrance into the city do 
 
 " Tattary malUoM. 
 
EISTOBICAL NOTICES. Ill 
 
 sorely repent the bargain. I will relate some little 
 part of the misery and slavery that some of the 
 people now remain in, which before used all the means 
 they could to entertain these wild Cavaliering Rebels 
 into the city of Bristol ; and although the city was 
 surrendered up in Juli/ the 26th, 1643, yet the 
 relation of their Miseries, (which the inhabitants 
 of this city of Bristol endureth) came not forth tiU 
 towards the midst of this month of October, 1643, 
 which here foUoweth. 
 
 But by the way I will speak a few words to the 
 Malignants, which is this ; That amongst the many 
 miseries and heavy judgments which the Lord doth 
 send among us, this is none of the least, (but one of 
 the greatest) that is, the sin of Infidelity. 
 
 That very many men here and in other parts, 
 although rational men of great learning and know- 
 ledge, yet they will not believe that God is so just 
 as He is, nor that these cruel wicked blasphemous 
 Cavaliers in the King's Army are so vile as they are. 
 
 As if the Lord have sent this heavy sentence unto 
 them as in Isaiah the vi. 9, 10, " Go and say unto 
 this people, ye shall hear indeed, but ye shall not 
 understand, ye shall plainly see and not perceive. 
 Make the heart of this people fat ; make their ears 
 heavy, and shut their eyes, lest they see with their 
 eyes, and hear with their ears, and understand with 
 their heart, and convert, and He heal them." 
 
 VOL. II. N 
 
178 NEHEMIAB WALLINOTON'S 
 
 XXXIV. 
 
 Savage Cetjblties in Bristol — Of the Cbuel Plundbeinq and 
 PiEiNa THE Town of Ockingham, in Beekshire. 
 
 A Eelation of the King's Armies since their en- 
 tering into the City of Bristol; of their extreme 
 Plunderings, Murders, and other Villanies com- 
 mitted by them upon the persons and estates of his 
 Majesty's faithfuUest subjects, abundantly sufficient 
 to convince the consciences of all men that speak so 
 much in the vindication of them ; their carriage 
 being directly contrary to the Articles of agreement 
 for delivering up the said city, between Colonel 
 Nathaniel Fiennes, Governor of the said city, on the 
 one part, and Colonel Charles Garard and Captain 
 William Teringham, for, and on the behalf of 
 Prince Rupert on the other part. July 26th, 1643.^ 
 
 The Articles were as followeth : — 
 
 I. That the Governor Nathaniel Fiennes, together 
 with all the officers, both of Horse and Foot, now 
 within and about the City of Bristol, Castle, and 
 forts, may march out to-morrow morning by nine 
 of the clock, with their full arms, horses, bag, and 
 baggage, provided it be their own goods, and that 
 
 ' This account is taken from " The Tragedy of the King's Armies' 
 Fidelity since their entering into Bristol, together with the too late 
 Eepentance of the Inhabitants. London. Printed for C. M. 1643." 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 179 
 
 tlie common foot soldiers march out without arms, 
 and the troopers with their horses and swords, 
 leaving their other arms behind them, with a safe 
 convoy, to Warminster; and after, not to be mo- 
 lested in their march by any of the King's forces 
 for the space of three days. 
 
 II. That there may be carriages allowed and pro- 
 vided, to carry away their bag and baggage, and 
 sick and hurt soldiers. 
 
 III. That the King's Forces march not into the 
 town, till the Parliament Forces are marched out, 
 which is at nine of the clock. 
 
 IV. That all prisoners in the city be delivered up, 
 aud that Captain Eyres, and Captain Goohin, who 
 were taken at the Devizes,^ be released. 
 
 V. That Sir John Homer, Sir John Seymour, 
 Mr. Edward Stevens, and all other Knights, Greu- 
 tlemen. Citizens, and other persons that are now in 
 the city, may, if they please, with their goods, 
 wives, and families, horses, bag, and baggage, 
 have free liberty to return to their own homes, or 
 elsewhere, and there to rest in safety, or ride and 
 travel with the Grovernor and I^orces, and such of 
 them and their families as shall be left behind, by 
 reason of sickness or other cause, may have liberty, 
 so soon as they can conveniently, to depart this 
 
 ' " . . . the enemie had garrisoned an old, but repaired castle at the 
 Devizes. And to prevent the spoyle of the country neere Malmeshury, 
 Colonell Devereux had erected a garrison at Eounde House between the 
 Devizes and Malmeshury." — Corbet's Historical Relation of the Mili- 
 tary Oovernment of Oloucester. London, 1645. 
 
 "... the word Devises means no more than lorder lands" — 
 Hunter's South Yorkshire, i. 174. 
 
 N 2 
 
180 NEHEMIAH WALLING TON'S 
 
 town with safety, provided that all the Gentlemen 
 and other persons shall have three days' liberty to 
 reside here, or depart with their goods, which they 
 please. 
 
 VI. That all the inhabitants of this city shall be 
 secured in their persons, families, and estates, free 
 from plundering, and all other violence or wrong 
 whatsoever. 
 
 VII. That the charters and liberties of this city 
 may be preserved, and that the ancient Government 
 thereof, and present Governors and officers may 
 remain and continue in their former condition, ac- 
 cording to his Majesty's charters and pleasure. 
 
 VIII. That, for avoiding inconveniences and dis- 
 tractions, the quartering of soldiers be referred, or 
 left, to the Mayor and Governor of the same city 
 for the time being. 
 
 IX. That all such as have carried any goods into 
 the Castle may have free liberty to carry the same 
 forth. 
 
 X. That the Forces that are to march out, are to 
 leave behind them all cannon and ammunition, with 
 their colours, and such arms as is before expressed. 
 
 The True Belation of the King's Army's Fidelity since their 
 entering into Bristol. 
 
 So many and sundry infallible relations, and sad, 
 yet certain, stories, have come from divers parts 
 of the kingdom, expressing the inhuman, per- 
 fidious, and barbarous carriage of the Cavaliers 
 in their extreme plunderings, murders, and- other 
 
mSTOBIOAL NOTICES. 181 
 
 villanies committed by them upon the persons 
 and estates of his Majesty's most faithful subjects, 
 as that they are abundantly sufficient to convince 
 the consciences, and stop the mouths of all malig- 
 nants whatsoever, that speak so much in the vin- 
 dication of them, were it not that the devil hath 
 blinded their minds^ and poisoned their hearts with 
 a spirit of malignity and contradiction that they 
 will believe nothing till they feel it as others do. 
 And because divers ill-affected persons in London 
 to deceive others do still give out that the citizens of 
 Bristol are in as happy condition as their hearts can 
 wish since it was surrendered to the King's Army, 
 we have thought good to let all people see by this 
 narration in what happiness that city is since the 
 Cavaliers came into it, and to this present, that 
 they may judge of it. 
 
 To enter, therefore, upon the Declaration, let the 
 reader compare the Articles of Agreement with that 
 which foUoweth, and see what faith can be expected 
 to be kept by these vile men. 
 
 Whereas the Colonels, officers, and soldiers were 
 ready to march out of the city according to the 5th 
 Article, with the Knights, Gentlemen, and many 
 hundred citizens and other persons of the country, 
 and thought to march out of town, we were not 
 only stopped in, but hurried to and fro from one 
 gate to another, not knowing what way they would 
 bring us out. In the mean time the Cavaliers came 
 rushing into the city, contrary to the 3rd Article, 
 who were not to come in till we were marched 
 
182 NEEEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 forth. At last we were brought without Temple- 
 gate, and there stopped till the bridge was laid. In 
 the mean while the Cavaliers fell upon us in a most 
 furious and barbarous manner, plundering and 
 rifling all sorts of persons, mentioned in the said 
 Articles, sparing neither age nor sex, but took away 
 our horses, cloaks, bags, monies, and stripped divers 
 of their clothes, throwing men, women, and chil- 
 dren off their horses that rode double, searching the 
 women in an uncivil manner for money, presenting 
 their swords and pistols at such as did in any sort 
 deny them, and when we alleged the terms of agree- 
 ment, they would not acknowledge any at all ; besides 
 other villanies. When they had thus pillaged and 
 rifled us, we were brought without the works, about 
 eight horse and foot. Then we were committed to 
 a convoy of about five troops of horse, and so 
 brought through their army, who fell a railing and 
 reviling at us, and blaspheming God in a most 
 fearful manner, saying it grieved them that they 
 could not butcher us, and bereave us of our lives, 
 and asking, " Where is now your God ? where are 
 your fastings, your prayers and profession, where is 
 your King JESUS?" and said, " King Charles shall 
 be King, for all King JESUS," and that God was 
 now turned Cavalier. This convoy brought us five 
 miles out of Bristol, on the way to Bath. But the 
 wolf was set to keep the lambs, for they plundered 
 us by the way as we went, of those things that the 
 others had left us, and in our march would not 
 sufier many to drink a little water, being extremely 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 183 
 
 thirsty, by going on so fast in the heat ; if any 
 slipped aside to get a little water to drink, the Cava- 
 liers would presently plunder and strip them. This 
 convoy surrounded us with their horse, with their 
 swords drawn, and commanded us to throw away 
 our staves, and to deliver up our knives, and con- 
 strained Colonel Fiennes to give them a hundred 
 and fifty pound of the money he had to pay the 
 soldiers. They said that they would shortly come 
 to London, where they knew they should find us, 
 and then they would conduct us to hell. It seems 
 these wretches are so well acquainted with the way 
 . thither, that they wiU take upon them to conduct 
 others, yea, and thither they themselves must go, 
 
 if God hear their frequent prayers 
 
 As they violated the third Article in entering 
 the city before their time, so when they came in, 
 they ran into men's houses like a company of savage 
 wolves, and fell a plundering of all sorts, without 
 distinction, as well malignants as others. But at 
 last by some beggarly and ill-afiected persons, they 
 were directed in special to fall upon such as were 
 weU-afiected to the Parliament, especially the High 
 Street and the Bridge ; the only and chief place of 
 tradesmen, for mercers, silkmen, and linendrapers, 
 in which places they plundered whole shops of 
 wares, whereby many that lived well, and had good 
 estates, are now undone ; entering houses with their 
 swords drawn, and setting them to men's breasts, 
 taking women by the throat, thereby forcing them 
 to open their closets, and to bring forth their money 
 
184 NEHEMIAH WALLING TON'S 
 
 and plate, after whicli they rob them of the best of 
 their goods, and sold them before their faces to the 
 Welsh people for trifles. And when they sold 
 divers commodities to the country people, the 
 soldiers would meet with them going home, and 
 plunder them of the same again. Some men had 
 given money for protection, and yet were plun- 
 dered. Others paid fines for their goods taken away, 
 and, having regained them, they were plundered of 
 the same goods again. 
 
 Together with their plundering, they committed 
 many other barbarous actions, namely, the murder- 
 ing of a woman .... who, it seems, resisted them 
 when they came into the house to plunder, whom they 
 slew with a pole-axe, yet the woman was no enemy 
 unto them, but one that longed for their coming in. 
 
 Also, they slew an ancient man, although the 
 man was one that wished them well, yet, because 
 he did not give them his horse so soon as they 
 demanded, a Cavalier shot him to death presently 
 wish his pistol 
 
 And it is credibly reported by a gentleman that 
 was amongst the Cavaliers during the siege before 
 Bristol, that he saw divers of the Irish rebels whom 
 he knew who were not in service, but only followed 
 the army to rob and steal ; as also certain French- 
 men who did . rob and pillage divers houses near 
 Bristol, and slew many of their lean cattle and 
 sheep, out of a mischievous mind, though they 
 made no use of them, yea, slew divers persons also 
 with their swords and pistols. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 185 
 
 When they had done plundering, then they quar- 
 tered soldiers upon all sorts, as well Malignants as 
 otherSj and all upon free quarter, placing twenty or 
 thirty soldiers in a house upon men of but reason- 
 able estates, which puts them to an intolerable 
 charge, and the more, because divers of the Cava- 
 liers will not be content to feed upon good beef, but 
 must have mutton, and veal, and chickens, with wine 
 and tobacco each meal, and much ado to please them 
 at all ; causing, also, men, women, and children to 
 lie upon boards, while these Cavaliers possess their 
 beds, which they fill with vermin. Besides, they fill 
 the ears of the inhabitants with their blasphemous, 
 filthy, and wicked language, which no chaste ear, 
 nor honest heart, can endure ; yea, so desperately 
 wicked are they, that those that billet them dare 
 not perform any act of religion, neither to give 
 thanks at meals, nor yet to pray, read, or sing 
 Psalms ; but, instead thereof, they fill their houses 
 with swearing and cursings, insomuch that they 
 corrupt men's servants and children, that those who 
 were formerly civil have now learned to curse and 
 swear almost as bad as they. And on the Lord's 
 day these beasts spend their time in dicing, drink- 
 ing, and carding, and other such abominaitions. 
 And, whereas the chaplains that go with them 
 should teach them better, some of them swear as 
 bad as any of the soldiers. As, namely, one of the 
 prince's chaplains swore by the flesh of Grod . . . 
 with many other horrible oaths. And in a tavern 
 the Friday after they came into the city, a lord's 
 
186 NEEEMIAE WALLINGTON'S 
 
 chaplain wished the devil might roast his soul in 
 hell, if he did not preach such a sermon next Sunday 
 as was never preached at Bristol, some part of which 
 sermon was railing at the doctrine of predestination, 
 calling it damnable doctrine of the Eoundheads, 
 and in his very sermon in the pulpit burst out into 
 a fearful oath. 
 
 We may add further some other blasphemies of 
 the Cavaliers when they entered the town, for they 
 had certain fiddlers who sang blasphemous songs 
 not fit to be mentioned, calling them the 4th and 
 12th Psalms, and standing in the streets, and pray- 
 ing in a mocking manner, saying, " Lord, Thou 
 wast with us at Edgehill and Brainford ; but where 
 wast Thou at Runaway Hill? and where art Thou 
 now, O Lord ? " speaking through their noses, and 
 looking up to heaven. And when their fellow-Cava- 
 liers were beaten and killed before Gloucester, those 
 in Bristol swore now God was turned Eoundhead. 
 
 To all this is added a grievous burden, the levy- 
 ing of vast sums of money which are paid to his 
 Majesty and Prince Rupert, which are laid upon all 
 sorts, as well malignant as others, besides a weekly 
 tax of about five or six hundred pound a week on 
 the city, for- which they are justly served, For had 
 they advanced but the third part so much, of what 
 they now part with for Sir William Waller, he 
 might have had by God's blessing an Army sufl&- 
 cieut to have secured that city, and all the western 
 parts. They fine such men with great sums of 
 money, whose estate they have totally plundered.; 
 
HISTOEIOAL NOTICES. 187 
 
 some of whom for non-payment of the said sums 
 they committed to prison, and laid in irons. Many 
 other great miseries the inhabitants there endure, 
 besides a grievous oath they impose upon their con- 
 sciences. 
 
 Having thus heard of the sins of the place, now 
 observe the remarkable judgment of God upon it. 
 It was the endeavour of the Malignants of that 
 city a long time, to get the Cavaliers into it, and to 
 that purpose sohcited the court to have an Army to 
 come down to take it. Whereupon Prince Rupert 
 came with an Army, but God defeated him, yet 
 they gave not over desiring, till now at last they 
 had their wish, which was to see tlie King's Army 
 enter, and the Eoundheads punished, and expelled 
 out of the city. And when it pleased God the city 
 was delivered up, and the Parliament's garrison for 
 the greatest part expelled, with all the godly 
 Ministers, and many hundred godly people, that 
 were strangers, that came there for shelter, within 
 a few days after they were gone, the hand of God 
 broke in upon them, and hath smitten them with a 
 very contagious and mortal disease, that sweeps 
 away about an hundred and forty in a week, and 
 sometimes many more, which hath continued 
 hitherto. But the use that many make of it, is 
 only a-railing at the Eoundheads, saying that they 
 sowed the plague there, and now they reap it ; 
 whereas it has pleased God to give us much health, 
 before this cursed crew came in as ever that city did 
 enjoy ; but now, (as is credibly reported by such as 
 
188 NEEEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 come from thence) there are few houses where there 
 is not some either sick or dead ; wherein you may see 
 how the Lord turneth a fruitful city into barrenness, 
 for the wickedness of them that dwell in it. 
 
 October the 9th. — " It is informed that the Town 
 of Ockingham hath been lately thrice plundered by 
 the King's forces, where there, and at Twyford, they 
 carried away near a hundred cartload of goods ; and 
 these imps of their father the devil hath set the said 
 Town of Ockinglmm on fire, in five or six places at 
 once, and have burnt the said Town to the ground, 
 together with all the barns of corn, oats, hay, and 
 other provision, which the Townsmen had laid up 
 in store for winter, murdering and sla3''ing all the 
 men that they found there ; insomuch that the in- 
 habitants, men, women, and children there, were 
 forced to fly away from their houses to other places, 
 for refuge and succour, that so they might be freed 
 fi:om their barbarism and inhumanity. It was also 
 further certified, That when they were desired by 
 the inhabitants to have spared their houses and 
 barns of corn, and offered them large compositions, 
 the soldiers made answer that neither Officer nor 
 Soldier dared upon pain of death to omit the exe- 
 cution of;' any part of their i^ Commission, which 
 (as they said) strictly commanded them to do what 
 they did."^ 
 
 And thus they ever shew themselves (not men) 
 but worse than savage beasts ; for indeed all their 
 
 ' From Mercurim Oivicus, London Intelligencer, No. 22, from 
 Thursday, Oct. 19, to Thursday, Oct. 26, 1642. 
 
HISTOEICAL NOTICES. 189 
 
 victories that they so much gloried in, have been 
 where they have had no resistance; as this here 
 at Ockingham and Twyford, a poor, naked, innocent, 
 harmless people, whom they first plundered of all 
 they had, and then burnt their houses to the ground, 
 as you have heard.* 
 
 A Cessation of Arms with the Bebels in Ireland. 
 
 And now, if this were not cruel and vile enough, 
 and as if there were not enough of them, there 
 is (through the prevalency of an evil and wicked 
 Council) a Cessation of Arms with those cruel 
 bloody Rebels in Ireland, now agreed on with his 
 Majesty's assent, and was to begin September the 
 15th, 1643, and continue for one whole year, as was 
 certified the Parliament this day (^October the 17th) 
 with a Copy of the said Articles of the said Cessa- 
 tion,^ and will be published in print, that the whole 
 world may see what favour those Eebels of Ireland 
 @° that have been the death of above an hundred 
 thousand souls, for no other cause but that they 
 were Protestants, have found at Court, not only by 
 the Agreement of the said Cessation of Arms, but 
 throughout all the Articles of the said Cessation, 
 to be styled by his Majesty " Our Eoman Catholic 
 Subjects," (not the least mention of Eebels or 
 Traitors, whereas the Parliament, and well affected 
 party of this kingdom, taking up arms for the just 
 
 * See Perfect Diurnall, No. 15. 
 
 ' These Articles are printed at length in Eushworth's Historical Col- 
 lections, part iii. vol. ii. p. 448 et sej. 
 
190 NEEEMIAE WALLING TON'S 
 
 defence of his Majesty's person, Eeligion, laws, and 
 liberty of the subject, have been by a hundred pro- 
 clamations, one after another, declared Rebels and 
 Traitors.) 
 
 Whence consider. First, the contradiction.; for if 
 the Bebels be Eoman Catholics, (as no man doubt 
 it) then they are not the King's true subjects, be- 
 cause they only acknowledge the Pope to be the 
 Supreme Governor on earth, and he is a foreign 
 potentate to whose obedience they are strictly 
 sworn. 
 
 Secondly, note, that this Cessation tendeth to 
 the weakening of the Protestants in Ireland, and 
 the strengthening of the Rebels there, who, being 
 almost consumed by the late wars, (which was wisely 
 perceived at Oxford,) they will now take breath and 
 recover themselves again, to cut a hundred thousand 
 Protestant throats more. 
 
 Thirdly , note, that this Cessation is for a year, 
 and then we must hope and believe that they shall 
 be called Rebels and Traitors again. And why but 
 for a year? because the Cavaliers persuade them- 
 selves that the Rebels and some of the Protestants 
 will come over, and subdue this kingdom before 
 that time be expired; that this is the main intent 
 of this plot, nothing can be more evident. 
 
 And now what we did imagine is coming to pass, 
 if our God, of His great and wonderful mercy, cir- 
 cumvent them not. For October the 30th, by letters 
 from Bridgewater in Somersetshire, it is certainly 
 informed that above a thousand of the Irish Rebels 
 
EISTOEIOAL NOTICES. 191 
 
 landed lately at Minehead, (within a few miles of 
 tlie said town) whereupon some of the Garrison 
 soldiers in Bridgewater began to mutiny, declaring 
 that they would not fight any longer for his Ma- 
 jesty, since he admitted the Popish Irish Eebels to 
 come over in this kingdom, which they would not 
 believe was to establish the Protestant Eeligion ; 
 insomuch that Captain Wind/iam made a large 
 speech to pacify and appease his soldiers ; the efiect 
 was, That these Irish, with about eight thousand 
 more which were shortly to come over hither, were 
 not Rebels no more than i^ himself, or any of 
 them. Notwithstanding which speech of the said 
 Captain, many of his soldiers have deserted the 
 service, detesting to take part with those Irish 
 Eebels, to ruin their own native country, and to 
 extirpate the true Protestant Eeligion. 
 
 It is also further certified" that a thousand Irish 
 Eebels more are landed at Bristol. 
 
 ' Sartisfied. 
 
192 NEEEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 XXXV. 
 
 Notes — Of opeklt Profaning the Lord's Day by Prince Edpeet 
 
 AND THE CaVALIEEB. 
 
 1643. "November the 6tli. — It is credibly informed 
 that one of the Cavalier Captains told the inhabit- 
 ants at his entering the town (of Ockinghani) that 
 he came to do a wicked thing, which was to fire 
 the town, and that he durst not omit the doing 
 of it for fear of his life. And when the poor amazed 
 inhabitants asked him whether he had a commission 
 to warrant his act, he put his hand in his pocket, 
 pulled out his commission, and gave it them to 
 read, where they found their doom signed C. B} 
 Thus the King's name and power are still wrested 
 and abused to countenance such enormous acts, as 
 are highly displeasing to Almighty God, contrary 
 to the known laws of the land (which the King 
 hath sworn and sundry times protested to maintain 
 and keep) and to the utter ruin of poor people, 
 which now have not a hole to put their heads in. 
 Here those cruel Cavaliers had no colour to blemish 
 this town with the odious name of rebellion, for 
 they never took up arms against them. 
 
 " November the 7th. — Out of DerhysJdre it is in- 
 formed that the Cavaliers, which had long infested 
 
 ' The word " Noie " appears against this in the margin of the MS. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 193 
 
 the town of Nottingham by seizing upoa the Bridge 
 and fortifying it, and stopping the road into the 
 town, are at length driven from thence by Sir John 
 Gell and his Derby forces ; but, before they left 
 their works and fortifications, they most barbarously 
 fired all the houses near unto it, and committed aU 
 the rapine they could devise in the adjacent parts, 
 whereby it appeareth that the Cavaliers generally 
 through England have power given them to burn, 
 destroy, and waste, all places wheresoever they come, 
 as if it were a foreign enemy's country. Such is 
 the Popish hatred against all Protestants whatso- 
 ever, and herein they exactly imitate their accursed 
 brethren, the Irish Eebels."^ 
 
 " November the 3rd. — From Oxford it is informed 
 that on the Lord's day last was fortnight, toward 
 the evening of that day. Prince Rupert accompanied 
 with some lords, and other Cavaliers, danced through 
 the streets openly with music before them, to one 
 of the Colleges where, after they had stayed about 
 half an hour, they returned back again dancing, 
 with the same music before them, and immediately 
 there followed them a pack of women, or courtezans 
 it may be supposed, for they were hooded and could 
 not be known. And this the party that related it, 
 afiirmeth he saw with his eyes. 
 
 Whence note, first, their despite done to God and 
 
 2 Taken from " Certaine Informations from severall parts of the King- 
 dome, and from other places beyond the Seas, for the better satisfaction 
 of all such who desire to be truly Informed of every weeke's Passage. 
 No. 43. From the 6th of November, to the 13th of Kovemher, 1643." 
 
 VOL. II. O 
 
194 NMHEMIAH WALLING TON'S 
 
 His commandments. Secondly, their profaneness in 
 violating that day God hath set part for His wor- 
 ship. Thirdly, note their insensibility of God's 
 heavy judgements of war upon this kingdom. 
 Fourthly, note what pleasure they take in their 
 wicked courses of plundering, and robbing, and 
 shedding of blood. Fifthly, . . . Sixthly, note that 
 to maintain their sensual pleasures is one of the chief 
 things they fight for. Seventhly, note that they are 
 so hardened in their evil ways that there is small 
 hope of reclaiming them."^ Thus you see what 
 kind of beasts these be that pretend that they do 
 fight for the true Protestant religion. 
 
 ^ From Oertaine Informations, &c.. No. 42. 
 
EISTORICAL NOTICES. igr. 
 
 XXXVI. 
 
 The Miseries of Ireland sinoe the Cessation — Ireland and the 
 Ieish Rebels — Ireland's Lamentation for the late Cessation. 
 
 A Copy of some Part of a Letter concerningi the Most 8ad' 
 Condition of Ireland since the Cessation. 
 
 This letter was sent from Dublin, received Novem- 
 ber the 16th, 1643 :— 
 
 " Loving brother, Every commodity here is very 
 dear, and yet money is exceeding scarce amongst 
 us, poor forlorn Protestants, for we are as dead men 
 out of mind, moneyless, friendless, and comfortless ; 
 enemies we have both at home and abroad. Our 
 enemies at home are such as we greatly pity, for 
 they are such as have fought for us, and necessity 
 compels them to rob and spoil us daily. And yet 
 we are loth to part with them, because of the grand 
 enemy abroad that waits their going away to have 
 their will of us, and to maintain them any longer 
 here we cannot. I have twenty soldiers on me 
 weekly, to pay them twenty shillings to buy bread, 
 besides those lodged in my house. I am afraid 
 I shall not have shortly bread for my own family. 
 Besides the charge at home, we lose daily in the 
 streets ; the open violence every day done by the 
 soldiers in the streets without controlment, to write, 
 you would not believe ; the great men are not 
 
 o 2 
 
196 NEEEMIAE WALLINGTON'S 
 
 free, and yet if we had but to feed them her.e, 
 they would endure much want of apparel, before they 
 would leave us. 
 
 " Our present misery consists as much in the fear 
 of the going away of our soldiers, as the want we 
 are exposed unto here, for we cannot understand 
 the mystery of the times ; the policy of estates is 
 beyond 'our reach. What I have ever feared hath 
 hitherto come to pass, therefore I cannot but make 
 my fears known, which may be removed by a supply 
 sent us of money and provision for an army ; they 
 wiU not be so soon sent hither again, if occasion 
 should require, and if our enemies intended us any 
 good, or peace with us, other than for, their own 
 end. I marvel why they sent so many arms hither, 
 since they knew the cessation was on their side, to 
 accept of it, or to refuse the same; but all is not 
 well, the honestest heart is soonest deceived. 
 
 " If a supply had been sent betimes, the cessation 
 had not been, and now they detain their monies 
 from us, we fall together by the ears amongst our- 
 selves, and it is to be feared we shall have a neces- 
 sitated peace with them. 
 
 " I am sorry for the loss of the ship that victualled 
 Dungannon, and was to bring the rest hither for 
 our store, which is very empty, but was cast away 
 near Waterford. So every way we are left desti- 
 tute of help, and so are left to the cruel hand 
 of merciless enemies, who, whiles we were at peace 
 with them, proved cruel tyrants, so much more 
 must we expect, being now their enemies, into 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 197 
 
 whose hands we are falHng ; for corn is rising daily, 
 we can expect none from the enemy, and those 
 that should be our friends in England will suffer 
 none to come. What case, think you, we are in, for 
 before February next, I am persuaded, if not timely 
 prevented, corn will be at forty-eight per quarter. 
 Our monies are gone, that when it comes, we may 
 see it, but not taste of it. For if you should wonder 
 what becomes of our monies, I must inform you. 
 It is carried every day to the enemy for beef and 
 mutton, and other necessaries, and we have nothing 
 to give in exchange but money, for all commodities 
 are with them from foreign parts 50 per cent, better 
 cheap than with us. They have free trade, we no 
 trade ; in all things they are advanced, we debased, 
 and we fare the worse, in that our soldiers rob, and 
 spoil, and take away all that should come out of 
 the country unto us. In brief, we are in a very 
 miserable condition, and no hope of amendment, 
 for our kingdom is in our enemies' hands, and we 
 almost at their mercy for our lives and religion. 
 We desire to hear what likelihood of a reconciliation 
 between his Maj esty and the Parliament, fot therein 
 consists our comfort, our safety. I pray, write me 
 if there be any expectation of relief from England, 
 if not, that we may fly for our lives, or else you 
 will be guilty of our blood, to feed us with hopes 
 until we be destroyed. I hope God will punish 
 those that conceal our misery from his Majesty and 
 the Parliament, to persuade either of safety for us, 
 if our soldiers go from us. I marvel any man can 
 
198 NEEEMIAE WALLINGTON'8 
 
 think us so secure, and yet what shall they do but 
 dispose us here if no relief come ? Famine and the 
 sword are two great judgements upon us at present. 
 If our men and ordnance go from us, how can we 
 that are left behind be in safety ? We hear some 
 battle hath been fought in England ; I am sorry 
 to hear of so much effusion of blood amongst God's 
 people, and the common adversary to escape un- 
 punished, who have shed so much innocent blood, 
 I see we are appointed to destruction. Thus remem- 
 bering my love to you and to my sister, desiring 
 you to remember my duty to my mother, and love 
 to all my brothers and sisters, I commit you to 
 God, and rest, 
 
 " Your very loving Brother. 
 
 "Dublin, October the 21st, 1643." 
 
 November the 18th. — We have certain intelligence 
 that there are twenty-two ships gone from Bristol, 
 and those parts, to transport the Irish. There are 
 six regiments already prepared, and ready for their 
 ships, with their commanders and arms ; more are 
 preparing, and will shortly follow. And the rebels 
 are to make surrender of all their lands and estates ; 
 but for them that will not come on that service, 
 they destroy, except those that fly into Ulster to 
 Munro. Many castles have been taken from them 
 since the cessation, and many have been slain 
 barbarously, and their cattle and corn taken by 
 violence. Now, let the consideration of this mys- 
 tery or plot strike amazement in men, that such a 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 109 
 
 rebellion, so bloody, such as Have so cruelly slain so 
 many thousands of innocent souls, should be thus 
 easily dealt with, and at that time, when they were 
 not able to continue their war longer, and now to 
 be sent for to finish the work here in England in 
 the joining with the bloody Cavaliers here; this 
 is a plain confession that they had their authority 
 to rebel, from England^ and in obedience to that 
 authority they lay down their arms, and are good 
 Catholic subjects. Oh, hellish plot, to betray two 
 or three kingdoms at one clap ! 
 
 Landing of Irish Rebds. 
 
 December the 13th. — "The House of Commons 
 received intelligence that, since the landing of the 
 former three thousand Irish soldiers at Chester, and 
 now there be two thousand of the Irish rebels 
 landed in Wales, and three thousand more are sud- 
 denly expected."^ 
 
 The Miseries of Arundel. 
 December the 13th. — " By a letter this day to 
 the Speaker of the House of Commons from Colonel 
 Morley, the surrender of Arundel Castle ^» was in- 
 formed to this effect : That a party of Hoptorbs 
 horse entering Sussex, made an assault against 
 the Lord Lumleys house, and were beaten back by 
 Colonel Morley with loss, but, failing in this, they 
 made to Arundel, where they entered on Tuesday 
 seven-night last, and cruelly plundered the Town, 
 
 ' From Perfect Diurnall, No. 21. ^ See Appendix, UUU.- 
 
200 NUHEMIAH WALLING TON'S 
 
 threatening tlie Castle ; the governor, one Captain 
 Capcot, being with only fifty-five men, and scarce 
 arms for half of them, or powder, shot, or other 
 provisions. So that the Lord's day following, at 
 which time the Lord Hopton, with two thousand 
 horse and foot, in his own person coming to Arundel, / 
 was compelled to surrender the said Castle upon, 
 quarter, to march away with Bag and Baggage." ^ t 
 
 December the 13th. — We are informed ivova. Bristol', 
 that a woman, meeting an Irish rebel in the streets, 
 took hold of his throat, and cried out that he had 
 cut her children's throats in Ireland, requesting that 
 he might be apprehended ; but instead of commit- 
 ting him to prison, he was rescued from the woman, 
 and freed from any impeachment for that fact. 
 
 December the 18th. — There was a letter read in 
 the House of Commons* that certifieth that there is 
 about a thousand and a half, or two thousand, more 
 from Ireland, lately landed near Chester; whereof 
 part of them are of the Protestant forces, and other 
 part of them of the Eebels. 
 
 December the 23rd. — There' are letters come that 
 speak o;^ a revengeful havoc which the Newcastle 
 Army makes in Derbyshire and Nottinghamshire. 
 Poor people, they were before plundered by pre- 
 tended friends, and now by cruel enemies. And in 
 a letter from Derby dated the 19 th of this month 
 informeth that Derbyshire is in a miserable con- 
 
 ' Perfect Diurnall, No. 21. 
 
 * From Sir William Brereton, at Namptwich. See Perfect Biurnall, 
 Ko. 22. 
 
HISTORICAL NO TIOES. 201 
 
 dition by reason of the pillaging popish army there ; 
 which take away all wheresoever they come, and 
 that which they cannot devour they consume with 
 fire. For at Hollom pits r^ they set on a hundred 
 load of coals on fire at once. They have burnt 
 many ricks of hay. Many of the inhabitants of 
 Ashburn, Wricksworth, Rihley, and other towns in 
 the country have been plundered, and are forced to 
 come to Derby for fear of being taken by the Com- 
 missioners of Array. Derby is a town of refuge 
 for many succourless people, for they have above a 
 thousand of the country people come into them. 
 And therefore, our God have all the praise for pre- 
 serving of Derby from those bloody enemies. 
 
 1644. — We have intelligence from Lincoln that 
 the enemy came to Waddingtoh, where some of the 
 Earl of Manchester's horse were quartered, and have 
 took two or three troops of our horse. They were 
 surprised by a very great strength, under that Sir 
 John Byron that was put in to be lieutenant of the 
 Tower in former times. 
 
 January the 19 th, we hear there was a letter in- 
 tercepted^ written from the supposed Lord Byron 
 (the knight commended to be confided in for the keep- 
 ing of the Tower, not long since) and this letter was 
 written to the Earl of Newcastle, wherein with much 
 joy he relates his victory against the Manchester men. 
 And because the victory (if we consider his loss) 
 was no great matter of glory, he glories in his 
 savage cruelty, and writes that when some of the 
 
 ^ See Perfect Diurnall, No. 26. 
 
202 NEHEMIAH WALLTNGTON'S 
 
 Lancashire men, routed by him, fled into the Church 
 to save themselves ^g° that he, (though he pro- 
 mised them quarter) put them every one to the 
 sword, and bathed his hands in their blood, saying 
 it was mercy enough to shew any cruelty to the 
 Parliament Eebels. 
 
 Some Part of a Copy of a Letter sent from Dublin, concern- 
 ing the Great Miseries there in Ireland since the late 
 Cessation. 
 
 "Sir, — I have written to you several times of 
 our great and prosperous victories against our ene- 
 mies formerly, but now I must write unto you of 
 the fearful tragedies acted against our poor country- 
 men by the barbarous Irish since the cessation, our 
 forces being drawn away from hence daily, and our 
 victuals exhausted, through the great and daily con- 
 course of the Irish to this miserable city, we being 
 left as a prey to the enemy, expecting daily and 
 hourly to be massacred and murdered in our beds, 
 through the manifold outrages and slaughters com- 
 mitted upon our poor brethren in their several 
 Castles and Garrisons, as in that of Catherlow, Mar- 
 lohon, Eacoffie, and divers other places which the 
 Irish have taken, contrary to their pretended Truce 
 since the bloody cessation, ^g° having cruelly mur- 
 dered all our men, women, and children that resided 
 in them ; they at this present manage all the aflPairs 
 in the city, the Castle excepted, where our Lords, 
 Justices, and Council, keep themselves close, fearing 
 to be surprised. Our condition is very lamentable ; 
 
HI8T0RI0AL NOTICES. 203 
 
 we are as sheep appointed for the slaughter. Our 
 wives and children [are] swooning in the streets for 
 want of bread, and our woful eyes made spectators 
 of their cruel insolencies, in setting up their Idola- 
 trous Masses in all our Churches whereof they have 
 taken possession, and banished our best Divines, 
 the Lord for our sins having already begun a great 
 famine of the Word amongst us ; neither are we 
 suffered to depart the kingdom, but are exposed 
 to the merciless cruelty of hunger, cold, and famine, 
 as also the ending stroke of grizly death, which we 
 hourly expect. 
 
 " Oh our miseries are unspeakable, but like to 
 increase if not prevented by sudden and provided 
 death. But our only woe is, that you are like to 
 suffer with us, and that very soon, if some speedy 
 course be not taken for the stopping of the great 
 multitude of Irish papists which daily flock from 
 hence into this kingdom, under pretence to assist 
 his Majesty against the puritans. ^^ I do believe 
 that this shall be the last that ever I shall write 
 unto you, my dear Brother, but in regard of my 
 duty and loyalty which I owe to my country, I 
 will to my best endeavour set down in brief, accord- 
 ing to my knowledge, how this plot or misery, con- 
 trived and still acted in both kingdoms, hath been 
 aworking these sixteen years, to establish popery 
 both here and in England, to the intent that my 
 dear native countrymen may be the more cautious 
 in not falling into their mercies, as we have done. 
 
 " About the year 1630 the Earl of Cork and the 
 
204 NEBEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 Lord Chancellor Loftus, being Lord Justices of this 
 kingdom, the said Earl being zealous of God's wor- 
 ship, did put in execution the statute against Eecu- 
 sants, which took such effect here that the common 
 sort of Irish came daily to our English Churches for 
 two months and more. In the mean time, the Earl 
 of Westmeath, and Sir Richard Barnwell of Crichstow, 
 are employed as agents to the Queen, in the behalf 
 of all the Irish, and the King's letters of favour ai-e 
 obtained to the Lords Justices, commanding them 
 not to molest his good subjects the Irish in their 
 former liberty of conscience, which was accordingly 
 obeyed. Afterward, the Earl of Strafford succeeded 
 in this government, threatened the subversion of 
 popery, (though by him never attempted), and em- 
 ployed Westmeath and Barnwell the second time 
 to the Queen. These agents fall cunningly to 
 work, and compounded with his Majesty to afford 
 him a mighty sum of money throughout the whole 
 kingdom ; if so but they might enjoy their former 
 liberty. Presently they obtained his Majesty's let- 
 ters again to the Earl of Strafford, commanding as 
 they desired; then all things go well with them, 
 but that the money is not gathered. Wai-rants are 
 issued out, ^° and none so deeply taxed as the 
 poor protestants, in purchasing the freedom of the 
 papists, who afterwards cut their throats and dashed 
 their children in pieces. Well, the money is col- 
 lected, the papists take courage, they build abbeys 
 and convents in every corner of the land, the locusts 
 flock in daily to this miserable city, they build their 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 205 
 
 Mass houses in every street, and increase in three 
 years to the number of fifteen hundred priests, 
 Jesuits, Friars, and Monks, as is here still extant 
 by the computation of Paul Harris, one of their 
 own seminary priests. But what is all this to the 
 many insolencies against us, by terming us traitors 
 to the Crown ^g° they having ^^g° the King's 
 Commission for their warrant in murdering or de- 
 stroying an hundred and fifty thousand souls. And 
 great likelihood there is of a strong party, they 
 were assured of in England, their Agents, Nicholas 
 Plunker, and the rest of his confederates being all 
 that summer before the rebellion with his Majesty 
 at Court, and waiting upon his person to Scotland, 
 from whence they posted into Ireland, and pro- 
 claimed openly the King's authority to handle in 
 that woful manner you often heard. 
 
 " You see their cunning tricks in striving to over- 
 throw our Eeligion, I beseech the Lord to preserve 
 England from their tyranny, though I myself never 
 hope to see it, or to escape their cruelty. Hoping 
 to meet you in heaven, I rest, 
 
 " Your loving Brother, 
 
 " R. Harrison. 
 
 " Duhlin, January 2, 1644. 
 
 "Sent to Mr. R. Tuke, resident in London."^ 
 
 ° The Letter, a small quarto, pp. 5, was "printed in London by 
 G. Dexter, for Henry Overton," in 1643, and was entitled " A True 
 and Exact Eelation of the most sad Condition of Ireland since the 
 Cessation, exprest in a Letter from Dublin, received the 16th oiNovemh. 
 1643. Worthy to be taken notice of by all who have any true Pro- 
 testant blood running in their Veines."— jKiwj's Pamphlets. 
 
206 NEHEMIAE WALLINOTON'S 
 
 A Co^py of some Part of a Letter from Bristol. 
 
 It is informed to this effect, February the 10th, 
 1644 :— 
 
 " Loving Triends, — Our news from Bristol and 
 the parts of Somersetshire thereto adjoining is, that 
 the Lord Inchquin, Musherry, and the great O'Neal, 
 the chief actors in the Irish rebellion, are lately 
 arrived at Bristol, with a thousand five hundred 
 native Irish Eehels, and have gotten the command 
 of the City and Castle of Bristol, most of the 
 former garrison being drawn out thence, ^° that 
 the bloody-thirsty Rebels might have the chief com- 
 mand of the Town, where they have already set 
 open Mass in five several places, and sent out War- 
 rants to bring in half the provision throughout 
 Somersetshire, and the parts of Gloucester thereto 
 adjoining, to victual that City, which they intend 
 to keep. ^° Most of these new arrived Irish are 
 such as have imbrued their hands in the blood 
 of the parents, children, kindred, and neighbours of 
 divers English Protestants, who have fled to Bristol 
 for sanctuary ; who now dare not so much as de- 
 mand justice against these bloody murderers, for 
 fear they should cut their throats there, as they did 
 their kindred's and friends' throats in Ireland. Let 
 the world now judge by this fresh remarkable action, 
 what his Majesty's ill counsellors' real intentions 
 are, when the archest native Irish Eebels, who have 
 defiled themselves with the innocent blood of the 
 Protestants in Ireland, are made the garrison and 
 
EI8T0BI0AL NOTICES. 207 
 
 commanders of the chiefest city in his actual pos- 
 session throughout England, and his own Protestant 
 soldiers and cavaliers are thrust out from the com- 
 mand and guard of this city, that these Popish 
 Eebelri alone may t?iere command at pleasure; and 
 at this very instant, there hath been summoned a 
 new kind of council at Oxford, of cashiered Malig- 
 nant Members of both Houses, and deep protesta- 
 tions made to them of real intentions to maintain 
 and defend the Protestant Eeligion, Laws, and 
 Liberties of the Subject, which his actions contradict, 
 as all the world and this new convented Council 
 will not only discern, but abhor with great detesta- 
 tion." 
 
 February the 1 5th. — We have information that 
 " Sir William Brereton made to the House of Com- 
 mons this day concerning Chester and those parts. 
 In brief [it] is first, concerning the inhumanity of 
 those Irish and other forces with the Lord Byron 
 about Chester, and the cruel spoil they make in all 
 places where they come, laying all waste before them, 
 and what they cannot devour, they set fire on, or spoil, 
 committing many horrible crimes and insolencies. 
 And further by the examination of sundry prisoners, 
 it is evident there are great forces of native Irish 
 expected daily to land about Westchester, and that 
 Prince Rupert was also expected in those parts to 
 join with them."' As also "by letters from Glou- 
 cester it is informed to the House of Commons of 
 the intolerable oppressions of this Duke of Plunder- 
 
 ' From Perfect Diurnall, No. 30. 
 
208 NEHEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 land (Prince Rupert) and his plundering cavalry, 
 lately come into those parts about Tewkesbury,' and 
 that he sends about his cruel warrants, threatening 
 fire and sword to all those that shall carry, or cause 
 to be conveyed, any victuals or other provision to 
 the garrison at Gloucester." ' 
 
 There hath been lately a search made at White- 
 hall, where was found in the Queen's lodgings, and 
 about the chapel there, no less than fifteen hundred 
 rich copes, and about two hundred surplices, which 
 were purposely prepared for massing priests, and 
 their idolatrous services. This is most certain true, 
 though we were persuaded to believe that there 
 were no intentions of setting popery on foot again 
 in this Kingdom. 
 
 Ireland's Lamentation for the late Cessation; a few Words 
 of it, taken out of the Writing which Lieutenant-Colonel 
 Chidley Coote wrote in Felruary the IQth, IBM."" 
 
 [Now I must turn my discourse from the many 
 miseries which] the Protestants of Ireland have sus- 
 tained by those who should have, been their best 
 friends. I will speak but a few words of the sudden 
 destruction our too well known enemies would fain 
 bring upon us. The first way they fell upon is, 
 to cut off man, woman, and child at one blow, with- 
 out distinction of either descent, age, or sex, and 
 
 ' Tewxbury. ' Perfect Biurnall, No. 30. 
 
 '" Copied from a 4to. pamphlet, " Ireland's Lamentation for the late 
 Destractive Cessation, or, A Trap to Catch Protestants. Written by 
 Leuten.-Colonell Chidley Coote. London. Printed by S. C. for IT. S 
 1644." 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 209 
 
 not only to kill their bodies, but tbeir souls also, 
 as far as in them lay, ^g° forcing many weak 
 Christians to deny their Eedeemer, and then telling 
 them they were in the state of grace, and that they 
 could never die in a better cause, and so hanged 
 them up. As also they inflicted strange kinds of 
 death upon them, as stabbing, drowning, starving 
 the English, and many sucb horrid deaths as these. 
 And because they did not abound enough in malice 
 as yet to the English Protestants, the Papists in 
 Ireland must be enforced to kill their own wives, 
 that they had married of the English, because they 
 had English blood in them, as they said, and all 
 those English allied unto them by their wives. (And 
 of these cruelties you may see more, in a little book 
 called the " Miseries of Ireland") Neither did their 
 rage extend only to the living, but most inhumanly 
 conveyed itself to the dead. They have disinterred 
 the bodies of the innocent Protestants sleeping in 
 their graves, and have exposed them to be a prey 
 either to beasts or birds. Witness their practice 
 in this kind at Galway, Limerick, and in divers 
 other places. 
 
 Again, they revenge themselves on the very 
 English beasts, destined for slaughter. They would 
 not kill them as they did the Irish beasts^ but the 
 beasts being alive, [they] cut off great pieces of flesh 
 out of them, skin and flesh together, and so broiling 
 the flesh upon the coals, eat the same, and if the 
 beasts either roar or groan for misery or pain, they 
 would in detestation and mockery of the English, 
 
 VOL. II. P 
 
210 NEHEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 cry out that they understood not their English 
 language. 
 
 Trees that the English planted must be cut up, 
 root and branch ; all herbs, plants, odoriferous flowers 
 set and planted by the English, and pleasing to 
 them, must therefore no longer grow, but be plucked 
 up. All stately houses, and all manner of costly 
 ornaments and furniture, belonging to the English, 
 must be consumed by fire. 
 
 And now, what they see they are not able to do 
 by force, they will strive to do by devihsh subtlety 
 and craft." The means to effect this, is by a strata- 
 gem, called by the name of a Cessation, which some 
 self-ended counsellors have obtained by their insinua- 
 tions into his Majesty. Now the Cessation being 
 concluded, and the Eebels having all the estates of 
 the Protestants, and all the food of the Kingdom 
 in their own hands, and suffering none of the food 
 to be sold for any rates whatsoever to the English, 
 of purpose to starve them out of the Kingdom; 
 from all these places following, the Eebels have 
 for the most part starved out the English, since this 
 Cessation, and that merely by stopping provisions 
 and suffering none to be sold unto them. The 
 names of the places are these, and these be the 
 chiefest provinces of the Kingdom, the province of 
 Leinster, Carlow, Athy, the Fort of Leafe, Neafe, 
 Trim, and Dunkeld, with many more Castles and 
 Garrisons. 
 
 " The original adds here, " An inherent quality of that Nation." 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 21 
 
 XXXVII. 
 
 A Judgment upon Okgans. 
 
 [Fesbuart the 8th, 1644. — From Rotterdam in 
 Holland they write, that there hath been a great 
 pair of organs lately set up in the Trench Church at 
 the Hague, which some priests and others went to 
 play upon during the late frost and snow ; but the 
 weather had so congealed the pipes that they could 
 not make them speak without fire in the room; 
 which being neglected, and not removed, or put out, 
 at their departure, the organs took fire, which ex- 
 panded itself into the Church, and burnt both it 
 and the pipes to the ground. Such ill success have 
 that Eomish music had of late in these northern 
 parts of the world, as forerunner of the downfall of 
 popery and prelacy. 
 
 Also, it is worth the observation, that a new 
 chapel is building from the ground in the Castle 
 of Bristol for the Queen ; and the workmen having 
 hoisted up a great beam of timber to set the roof 
 on, the next morning when they came to prosecute 
 their work, they found the beam broken in two, 
 at which they wondered, because nothing had been 
 done to it, or laid upon it when they left it ; And 
 that the chief workman fell from an high ladder, 
 and brake his neck. These are not fables, but real 
 
 p 2 
 
212 NEHEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 truths, and will be verified by the positive oaths of 
 such credible persons as saw it. The application is 
 a stupendous and prodigious omen against popery. 
 
 At Boston in Lincolnshire, Mr. Cotton being their 
 former Minister, when he was gone the Bishop 
 desired to have organs set up in the Church, bijt 
 the parish was unwiUing to yield ; but, however, the 
 Bishop prevailed to be at the cost to set them up. 
 But they being newly up, (not playing very often 
 with them) a violent storm came in at one window, 
 and blew the organs to another window, and brake 
 both organs and window down, and to this day the 
 window is out of reputation, being boarded and not 
 glazed. Mr. Warre, the Minister. 
 
 Inquire further of Captain Cust, lodging at Mr. 
 Skelton, apothecary in the Old Bailey.'] 
 
EI8T0BICAL NOTICES. 213 
 
 XXXVIII. 
 
 Obdblties and Miseries — The Cruelty of the Ieish shewn to 
 THE Inhabitants of Bristol — More Cruelties and Miseries. 
 
 1644. — February the 19th it is certified, "That 
 the Atheistical Marquis, seeing the valiant Scot so 
 resolute, caused part of the suburbs [of Newcastle], 
 the Sandgate, and two other streets, to be burnt to 
 the ground; wherein at least a thousand families 
 lived, which occasioned a lamentable cry and howl- 
 ing amongst the poor inhabitants. That he also 
 propounded to sink five ships laden with treasure in 
 the harbour. And the Marquis propounded to fire 
 the coal pits, and with a council of war was resolved 
 on it, but was prevented through the mercy of God 
 by the Scots' surprisal of the Boats and Lighters a 
 little before.' 
 
 February the 24th, it is certified, "that those 
 Irish Rebels that not long since landed with the 
 Lord Inchguin, make most cruel spoil in all places 
 where they come : And have lately pillaged the 
 Lady Drake's house in Dorsetshire, who, after they 
 had carried away what they pleased, they stripped 
 the good Lady, who, almost naked, and without a 
 shoe to her foot (but what she afterwards begged) 
 fled to Lyme for safety, and, afterwards these in- 
 
 ' Ferfect Diurnall, No. 31. 
 
214 NEEEMIAH WALLINQTON'S 
 
 human rogues set fire on her house, and burnt it to 
 the ground."^ 
 
 February the 25th, we have certain intelligence of 
 a thousand five hundred more Irish landed at Chester, 
 all of them bloody Natives, and five hundred mon- 
 grels, Oxford Protestants. But we must believe 
 they all come to fight for the Protestant religion, 
 as a thief fights for a true man's purse, and so we 
 ought to believe, and therefore we fight against 
 them to keep our religion and our purses from such 
 popish^ thievish invaders. 
 
 The beginning of this month of March 1644, it 
 is informed by several credible persons that since 
 the drawing forth of those Irish forces out of Bristol 
 to the assistance of the Lord Hopton, upon whose 
 departure, there were three other sail of ships, fuU 
 of Irish, both men, women, and children, designed to 
 come into that city, and were arrived [at] Crockpill, 
 whereof the inhabitants hearing, being moved with 
 the insufferable miseries they sustained by enter- 
 taining the Irish before, began to mutiny, and 
 declared that they would rather venture their lives 
 and fire their ships, than admit them into the city. 
 Whereupon Alderman Hook, (a lukewarm Neuter) 
 called a council together of about sixty of the chief 
 men of the city, who also resolved not to admit 
 them, but sent word unto the Governor of the 
 Castle, that unless some course were taken to send 
 those Irish away, the trained bands of that city 
 would rise in an uproar, which might be a means 
 
 2 Perfect Div/rnall, No. 31. 
 
EISTOBIOAL NOTICES. 215 
 
 (in regard of the pressures of the common people) of 
 the revolting of that city from his Majesty ; upon 
 the receipt of which message the Governor took 
 order that the said ships of Irish should not come 
 in, hut appointed them to land at Upton in Somer- 
 setshire near Bridgewater which they did. ^° Those 
 savage Irish, heing landed, turned many of the 
 country people out of their houses, took possession 
 hoth of them and their goods, and cut the throats of 
 divers families within three miles of Bristol ; which 
 hath forced many others, fearing the like usage, to 
 desert their habitations, to leave all, and fly into 
 other places for succour. 
 
 The citizens and inhabitants of Exeter and Salis- 
 bury are now also in much distress, by reason of the 
 compulsion used to enforce many of their inhabit- 
 ants to take the covenant agreed upon by some 
 desperate Malignants and Cavaliers in counties of 
 Devonshire and Cornwall, so that many of them, in 
 all ^g° above a hundred families, have deserted their 
 houses, and are come to London; who certainly 
 inform, that at Salisbury, many of the French 
 cavaliers quartered in that town do commit many 
 insolences upon the inhabitants when they are in 
 their cups, which is usually every day ; and some- 
 times in their drunken tits, in the middle of the 
 night they have cut holes in their hats, wherein 
 they have set candles, and so have run dancing and 
 roaring about the town ; and, I tremble to mention, 
 that which I have received from those who were 
 both eye and ear witnesses thereof, that in some of 
 
216 NEEEMIAH WALLIN&TON'S 
 
 their intoxicating humours ^g° they have drunk 
 healths to the Devil, and to their meeting in fire 
 and brimstone ; and committing many horrid and 
 unheard of actions. 
 
 In March 16th we have true intelligence, that 
 some of the Lord CapeVs men went against Hopton 
 Castle in Shropshire, where there were not above 
 thirty men in it, but they made good the Castle, tUl 
 their ammunition was all spent, then yielded upon 
 fair and honourable quarter, which the enemy so 
 dishonourably broke, and as soon as they entered, 
 laid hold of them, and caused a great pit to be 
 made, into which they cast them, and buried them 
 alive. 
 
 April the 15th, "Intelligence was brought that 
 one Captain Merton, being captain of the watch in a 
 night, when the enemy came against that place did 
 treacherously surrender up the town of Wareham 
 (about four miles from Poole) to the enemy, who 
 came against it, with only eleven Troops of Horse ; 
 which town was yielded with little or no opposition, 
 there being not above two men lost on both sides. 
 And we are further certified from thence that 
 ^g° when the enemy had entered the town, they 
 most barbarously put many to the sword (and 
 amongst the rest the perfidious Captain)."^ 
 
 The third time of plundering of Birmingham. 
 The forces under the command of Prince Rupert, 
 Duke of Plunderland, have again lately entered 
 Birmingliam, and re-plundered it, taking away what- 
 
 ^ Perfect Diurnall, No. 38. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 217 
 
 soever was of any worth or value in the said town, 
 to the utter undoing and impoverishing of the in- 
 habitants. 
 
 April the 26th, by one who is come lately from 
 Oxford, it is certified that Sir Arthur Aston, the 
 Governor of Oxford, a grand papist, doth so tyran- 
 nize over the inhabitants of Oxford, misusing the 
 Mayor and Aldermen, and all the Protestants in 
 the town. 
 
 There was a gentleman that was in Oxford at a 
 tavern, where he called for a pint of sack, enquiring 
 about some in the town, to whom he came about 
 monies due to him. The vintner asked him from 
 whence he came ; he answered from London. The 
 said vintner gave notice thereof to Sir Arthur 
 Aston, who caused him to be apprehended, and the 
 next day to be racked, and examined upon the rack ; 
 he made it appear that his business was about 
 monies due to him, and produced a note, and no- 
 thing could be suspected justly by him but fair; 
 yet, nevertheless, such was the Grovernor's cruelty, 
 that after he had racked him, he caused him the 
 next day to be hanged upon the gallows; but he 
 died cheerfully, only he said it grieved him to part 
 with his wife and two children, whom he left at 
 London. And after they had hanged him, they 
 stripped him of his very shirt, and buried him naked. 
 
 There was also another hanged because he came 
 from London, though nothing proved against him ; 
 and Prince Charles had got a pardon for the prisoner 
 that was going to execution, and brought the pardon 
 
218 NEEEMIAE WALLING TON'S 
 
 himself for him ; and when he heard that the prince 
 was coming with a pardon, Sir Arthur with his foot 
 turned the ladder himself, the prisoner being then 
 upon it ; and when the pardon came, he was so far 
 gone that he could not be recovered. 
 
 There was a poor Brewer at Oxford that used to 
 have his drink drunk before his face off his cart ; 
 who for putting by a soldier that came with his 
 cane to drink out of a vessel, was so beaten for it 
 that he died. 
 
 One Mary Brooh, servant to Mr. Church, an Inn 
 Keeper in Oxford, sweeping of the door, said that 
 was the dirt of the papist horses' feet, and wished 
 they were all hanged; at which time Sir Arthur 
 himself riding by heard her, and called for her, and 
 caused her to be fettered and manacled with irons, 
 and sent to prison, and from thence to the gallows 
 and hanged. But she having a brother that is page 
 of his Majesty's Buttery, he did petition for her 
 to his Majesty, who called for her, and discharged 
 her ; since which she hath made an escape, and is 
 now in London, and affirms the same. 
 
 [The writer proceeds to relate other cruelties com- 
 mitted in Dorsetshire and Leicestershire.] 
 
 May the 24th, the intelligence is, that "the 
 enemy hath Commissioners of Array, who used all the 
 cruelty that possible may be to recruit the Oxford 
 Army, and all will not do, for they run away as 
 fast as they press them ; of above two thousand 
 that are pressed since they began to recruit, they 
 are all run away except some 300. And they are 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 219 
 
 merely raised by the help of the poor cudgelled 
 countrymen. It would pity any man's heart to see 
 them languish in their blood, for the Cavaliers, they 
 say, do so cut and beat them."* 
 
 May the 25th, " we have news from Oxford, that 
 there is a pardon put for the Irish Rebels, and his 
 Majesty calls those barbarous, infamous, and horrid 
 Eebels of Ireland ' Our Eoman Catholic subjects.'^ 
 The Villains are called subjects, and are pardoned, who 
 have imbrued their hands in the Protestant [blood]. 
 They have murdered a hundred thousand souls, 
 and for no other reason but because they were Pro- 
 testants ; and yet these rogues must be pardoned." * 
 June the 3rd, we had news from Lancashire of 
 the cruelty that Prince Rupert used at Bolton in 
 that county ; it was thus : 
 
 Prince Eupeet's Bloody Carriage at Bolton,'' expressed in 
 a Letter sent from Mr. Hekeioke, a godly Minister 
 at Manchester, to the Lady Hekkicke, June 7, 1644. 
 
 " My humble duty remembered, &c. Lancashire's 
 
 * Perfect Occurrences in Parliament, No. 23. 
 
 " " It is hard to say whether the Oxford Lords, or the Campe Ladies 
 have more enslaved their honours in this Royall Quarrell : shee is no 
 Favourite at Court now that hath not at the least some raggs of popery 
 ahout her, and his honour must bee clouded that gives such councell as 
 proves fatall to the Irish Eebels."— Pe?-/ecif Diurnall, No. 28. 
 
 « Perfect Occurrences in Parliament, No. 23. 
 
 ' See " An Exact Eelation of the bloody and barbarous Massacre at 
 Bolton in the Moors, in Lancashire, on May 28 [0. S.], by Prince EupeH, 
 being peimed by an Eye-witness, admirably preserved by the gracious 
 and mighty hand of God in the day of Trouble. Puhlished according 
 to order. London. Printed by i?. W., for Christopher Meredith. 
 August 22nd, 1644." 
 
220 NEHEMIAH WALLING TON'S 
 
 sad hour of temptation is now upon it. Prince 
 Rupert, with twenty thousand at least, is in the 
 heart of the county; he marched with his Army 
 within three miles of Manchester, and grievously 
 plundered, taking generally all men with him. 
 ^g° On Tuesday, the day before the public Fast, 
 he stormed Bolton, the next garrison to Manchester 
 for Eeligion in all the county, unto which many of 
 God's' dear servants were fled ; in an hour's space he 
 took it, denying quarter to any, whether soldiers or 
 men in the houses, till the sword, drunk with blood, 
 was sheathed. Fifteen hundred, two days after 
 buried, five hundred taken prisoners •, the rich in 
 the town asking bread, and none to be had. From 
 thence, with his former cruelty, he marched for- 
 ward : at this present facing Warrington, assaulting 
 Liverpool. Our hearts tremble for both ; if God 
 give them up, we are the last to be swallowed. Our 
 town is full of soldiers, a. complete Eegiment of 
 Highlanders sent to us, and Sir John Meldrum to 
 command in chief. Our inhabitants are over- 
 burdened with billeting, and the rich will become 
 poor. God gives us yet o'pportunity of praying; 
 two public Fasts in the week, and two or three 
 hours every day praying in the Church. The siege 
 of York keeps off aU help from us, yet that prospers ; 
 they have made their approach within pistol shot, 
 taking the suburbs, raised a royal battery which 
 commands the town. If our sins hinder not, we 
 hope God will suddenly give up that city. They 
 are before the town, with the Earl of Manchester's 
 
HI8T0BIGAL NOTICES. 221 
 
 forces, forty thousand. Lancashire [is] now the alone 
 desolate oppressed county ; pray for us. 
 
 " Besides the many honest and godly people that 
 were in this town of Bolton, there were also four 
 reverent and learned Ministers to whom they would 
 not grant any quarter, unless they would make 
 public acknowledgment and recantation of their 
 former doctrines, which they absolutely refused, and, 
 like so many zealous martyrs, chose rather to die 
 gloriously for the truth, than to make shipwreck of 
 their consciences. Whereupon they were cruelly 
 hacked to pieces by the furious and inhuman enemy. 
 The names of the Ministers who thus suffered were, 
 Mr. Haycocks (who was near an hundred years old, 
 and was a famous preacher in Queen Elizabeth's 
 time), Mr. Tillesby, Mr. Harper, and Mr. Fogge."^ 
 
 June the 11th, " out of Leicestershire it is certified 
 by letters that the enemy plunders there again with 
 great oppression. In Ulstrup and thereabouts they 
 have so plundered that they have drove away all 
 theij cattle, sheep, and robbed them of their goods, 
 abused the inhabitants, and left them nothing at all 
 that they could take away from them, and so mis- 
 used them besides that many of them are sick, and 
 in danger of death thereby." ' 
 
 Colonel Goring, after he had thus basely and bar- 
 barously plundered Leicestershire, and was gone into 
 Derbyshire, in his way to Sheffield, among many 
 other his wicked acts he came to Greatrex house at 
 
 ' From Perfect Biurnall, No. 45. 
 ' From Perfect Occurrences, No. 25. 
 
222 NEHEMIAE WALLINGTON'S 
 
 Brassingfon, about, ten miles from Derby, because 
 this Greatrex formerly refused to be a Traitor to his 
 Country in conveying a letter from Goring to the 
 Queen, when she was in those parts, for which he 
 was offered an hundred pound by Goring ; he with 
 his own hands set fire of Greatrex house, which he 
 burnt to the ground. 
 
 June the 12th, Liverpool was taken by Prince 
 Rupert, the inhabitants yielding, desiring quarter 
 according to the law of arms ; but it was denied 
 them by the inhuman Prince and the Irish Rebels, 
 (his Majesty's good Catholic subjects) who put them 
 all to the sword." 
 
 June the 17th. — The King went [to] Evesham, 
 where he took the Mayor of the town, and divers 
 of the Aldermen, and carried them prisoners to 
 Oxford, and, upon the King's leaving of Worcester, 
 the cruel enemy hath burnt down part of the 
 suburbs. The like merciless cruelty they have also 
 shewed to the poor town of Abingdon upon his 
 Majesty's coming back to Oxford, where they have 
 burnt above sixty dwelling houses to the ground, 
 and all this is for the Protestant religion and liber- 
 ties of the subject. 
 
 [In the beginning of June 1644, a great Papist, 
 one Sir Charles Blunt, a Colonel in the King's Army, 
 he was pistoled by one Captain Langston, one of his 
 own Captains employed under him at Greenland 
 house ; a just judgment of God on this wretch, for, 
 
 1° See Appendix, Note VVV. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 223 
 
 in time of peace he murdered a gentleman in his 
 own house. His actions are so notorious that the 
 naming of him is sufl&cient.] 
 
 June the 20th, " we had news from the Virginia 
 plantation by letters to some Merchants in London, 
 of a late unhappy difference amongst the planters, 
 upon dispute of the divisions betwixt the King and 
 Parhament, and that the faction hereupon increasing 
 very great, they fell to parties, and were putting 
 themselves in arms against each other. But the 
 Indians perceiving this, took the advantage of so fit 
 an opportunity, and came suddenly upon them, and 
 cruelly massacred about fifteen hundred, and hare, it 
 is doubted, ere this made a total destruction." " 
 
 June the 24th, this morning "Information was 
 given to the Parliament, that on the Lord's day 
 last, the King passed through Hockley in the Hole 
 toward Bedford, and in the way plundered Leighton, 
 and sent another party to Dunstable, and when the 
 people were at Church, to plunder was not enough, 
 but they cut and wounded many in the Church, and 
 shot a case of pistols at the Minister in the pulpit, 
 but missed him, yet afterwards abused him almost 
 as bad as death." '^ 
 
 " July the 20th. — This day it was certified that 
 a party of about eighty came from Dudley Castle to 
 Birmingham Market on Thursday last, and did there 
 much mischief, as appears by this ensuing letter. 
 
 " Sir, This present Thursday the Cavaliers from 
 
 " From Perfect Diurnall, No. 47. ^ Ibid., No. 48. 
 
224 NEEEMIAH WALLINQTON'S 
 
 Lichfield, or Dudley Castle, about eighty of them, 
 came to Birmingham ; these Cavaliers came into the 
 town on a sudden, and took nineteen of their 
 horse, and plundered the market of all the beast in 
 the town, about an hundred and forty, and carried 
 away the very calves; but the soldiers got away, 
 and none were of them taken, neither durst the 
 town offer to rise against the Cavaliers, because of 
 the cruelties they should then have exposed them- 
 selves to, had they done it."'^ 
 
 July the 25th, out of Wiltshire it was certified that 
 Sir Ralph Hopton's Forces had taken Wbodhouse, 
 a gfentleman's house near Warminster, which had a 
 long time held out against them. Upon their 
 taking of it, they first basely and most inhumanly 
 abused a-U therein, and afterwards hanged up fourteen 
 of the most honest and religious men among them, 
 most of which were clothiers^ and worth ten thou- 
 sand pound a man." 
 
 July the 27th, "Colonel Marrow, as it was this 
 day certified, hath recruited himself with Irish Eebels 
 from Chester, and doth much mischief by plunder in 
 those parts : And it is no wonder that he robs, and 
 
 " From Perfect Passages, &c., No. 31. 
 
 " " As they desire new waies to blaspheme God, so have they new 
 inventions to revenge their malice on those that bear his Image, as we 
 may see by that sad example lately perpetrated at Woodhouse, neere 
 Warminster, in Devonshire, where, after our Forces had yeelded the 
 house upon quarter, the enemy most inhumanly abused both men, 
 women, and children, and afterwards most wickedly hanged 14 persons, 
 all of them clothiers, men of good estate and quality, which were driven 
 in there for shelter." — Perfect Diurnall, No. 52. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 225 
 
 steals, and plunders, and all without making any 
 matter of conscience of it ; for not long since 
 he affirmed, that if the King bid him to kill his 
 own Father, he would do it. The truth of this is 
 averred by an honourable person, and the Cavahers 
 being grounded on such principles as these, it is no 
 wonder we hear of such inhuman actions committed 
 by them." '^ 
 
 July the 31st, there was a she-spy who was 
 in .Oxford on the Lord's day last. She relates that 
 on the Monday morning, about five of the clock, 
 there were three executed there for spies, without 
 any trial, or so much as councU of war being called 
 to pass judgment ; namely Mr. Alcot, a citizen of 
 London, Thomas Russell, nn^Francis Tench, two of 
 Sir William Waller's soldiersP^' 
 
 August the 9 th, by a letter sent by Colonel King, 
 to his friend :— " Noble friend, we are so tormented 
 with this ill conditioned Grovernor Colonel Aston, 
 that we know not what course to take. You know 
 the cruelty that he hath ofiered from time to time, 
 concerning Master Martin; and Sir William Mane 
 was plundered upon his death-bed, his ring taken off 
 his finger ; the cutting off the Lieutenant's hand at 
 Towcester, which is since dead, the beating Barnardo 
 Davis, High Constable of Oxford, kicking his 
 wife, beating a gentleman of quality that had like 
 to have run him through for his labour, the im- 
 prisoning of his fellow Malignant that did not bring 
 
 '° From Perfect Occurrences, No. 32. 
 VOL. II. Q 
 
226 NEHEMIAH WALLINOTON'S 
 
 their corn in as they were appointed, had they not 
 been prevented by the Parliament forces. How 
 many poor coachmen have been undone by this 
 Governor Aston, they know themselves best ; as for 
 William Bight, in Vinegar Yard, Richard Beard, 
 Henry Richman, Robert Harts in Fuller's Rents; 
 some of them kept in prison, some having four 
 horses and a coach taken away from them." " 
 
 A Copt/ of a Letter from Berly. 
 
 " Sir, Our Carriers are come safe to Derby, with 
 the powder which was sent from London to us, God 
 be praised. But the enemy had notice of it, and 
 Hastings ^' hearing of some carriages which went 
 from Leicester (whic^^e supposed to be the ammu- 
 nition) he sent out a party of Horse from Ashby-de- 
 la-Zouch, which Horse marched all night ; and the 
 next morning they met an honest poor man, and 
 they asked him from whence he came. He answered, 
 from Leicester ; and then asked him where the am- 
 munition was that was brought from London, and 
 who it was for ; to which questions he answered 
 as well as he could; but the villains, one of them 
 discharged a pistol against him, and others cut and 
 hacked him so that the poor man died there most 
 miserably. And when they came to the carriages, 
 they robbed and pillaged all that was worth carrying 
 
 ■" A DiaTy, or an Exact Journal, No. 12. 
 
 " " That Grand Mob-Carrier, Collonel Eastings." — Continuation of 
 certaine SpeciaU and Remarkable Passages, &o., No. 54. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 227 
 
 away ; but intelligence being brought to the Com- 
 mittee of Leicester, they sent a party of Horse, which 
 met with them, whilst they were eating the plums 
 and spice they had robbed the poor man of They 
 fell upon them, and with little loss they rescued the 
 plunder again from them, and returned it to the 
 Carriers. — Derby, August ihQ 15th, 1644."^' 
 
 AugvM 24th. — " It was certified by letters that 
 Sir Francis Dorrington (that bloody wolf) met an 
 honest Minister, one Mr. James, near Taunton, as 
 he rode upon the way, and asked him, 'Who art 
 thou for, priest : ' the Minister answered, he was 
 for God and His Gospel ; whereupon Dorrington shot 
 him to death."" 
 
 [The writer relates many similar atrocities, that 
 took place in Leicestershire, Derbyshire, Lancashire, 
 Bedfordshire, Dorsetshire, Devonshire, Pembroke- 
 shire, and Warwickshire.] 
 
 ^ Perfect Occurrences. '' From the Weekly Account, No. 52. 
 
 Q 2 
 
228 NEEEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 XXXIX. 
 
 Of the CKtrELTT OF THE KiKO'S AbMT IN THE WeST — Of THE SaD 
 
 AND Heavy Condition of Many of God's Childeen in Lincoln- 
 SHiEB and Lancashire — Of the Miseeies in Staffoedshieb — 
 Of the Geeat Pike in Oxford — Notes. 
 
 Of the Cruelty of the King's Army in the West} 
 
 September the first, [1644] at least thirty thou- 
 sand of the King's Army fell upon our Foot, who 
 were not above six thousand, and some few horse ; 
 the King's forces encompassing from Grampound 
 Enedor and Fpy, even to Blazey Bridge, the King 
 himself being in person, and a great number of the 
 King's forces fell upon four of our Eegiments ; 
 which, however, they were forced to retreat to our 
 body, yet the foot stood to it against the numerous 
 Army of the Cavaliers, for two who escaped from 
 thirty that the King's forces had slain, and certified 
 to Major-General Skippon how the King's forces were 
 resolved to give no quarter. Then Major-General 
 Skippon spoke to this effect before the Army : — 
 
 " Gentlemen, — You see what a strait we are iii, 
 and for the bloody enemy, their cruelty is such that 
 if we yield to them, and cast ourselves upon their 
 mercy, they will put us all to the sword, or to that 
 
 ' See Symond's Diary of the Marches of the Soyal Army during the 
 Great Oivil War, pp. 62-67. — Gamden Society. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 229 
 
 which is worse, to be slaves to Tyrants, and therefore 
 let us withstand them, and fight valiantly for His 
 cause, and no doubt He will find a way to deHver us." 
 Hereupon the soldiers were all resolved to stand 
 close to him, and to oppose the enemy with what 
 power they could, and when the King's Army fell on, 
 [they] did very good execution upon them, and slew 
 many ; some say our men slew of theirs two for one 
 of o\irs, Major-Greneral Shippon himself fighting like 
 a lion, tiU he forced the enemy to yield to the pro- 
 positions of which here foUoweth.^ 
 
 Articles of Agreement made Septemher the 1, letween Prince 
 Maurice, the Earl of Brentford, and Forth, of the 
 one party; and Philip Skippon, Serjeant-Major- 
 General, and Christopher Whitcot, Serjeant-Major 
 of the London Brigade, and the rest of the Officers of 
 the Army of his Excellency the Earl of Essex, who 
 quartered on the West Side of the River of Foy, on the 
 other party. 
 
 I. It is agreed that all the ofl&cers and the soldiers, 
 as well horse as foot, under the command of the Earl 
 of Essex, being at this time of the conclusion of this 
 Treaty on the west side of the river Foy, shall be 
 to-morrow morning, being September the 2nd, by 
 eleven of the clock in the morning drawn up in their 
 own quarters, all their cannons, train of artillery, 
 with all carriages, necessaries, and materials thereto 
 belonging, and likewise all the arms, both of horse 
 and foot, and all powder, bullet, match and ammu- 
 
 * See Perfect Occurrences, and Perfect Diurnall. 
 
230 NEEEMIAH WALLINO TON'S 
 
 nition whatsoever, [shall be delivered] unto such 
 Officer as the General of his Majesty's Artillery 
 shall appoint to receive the same, except only the 
 swords and pistols of all officers above the degree 
 of corporals, who are by this agreement to wear and 
 carry the same away. 
 
 II. It is agreed that immediately after the 
 delivery up of the said Artillery, Arms and Ammu- 
 nition, That all officers and soldiers, both Horse and 
 Foot of the said Army shall march out of the said 
 quarters to LeicesthealP with all their Colours, 
 Trumpets, and Drums, and that all officers of foot 
 above the degree of corporals, shall take with them 
 such horse and servants as properly belong unto 
 themselves ; and also aU Eeformado horse and 
 servants, not exceeding the number of fifty, and 
 likewise to take with them all bag and baggage, 
 and waggons of their teams of horse properly 
 belonging to the said officers. 
 
 III. It is agreed that they shall have safe convoy 
 of an hundred horse from their quarters, at Leieest- 
 heall, to Poole and Wareham, and not touch any 
 garrison by the way. 
 
 IV. In case they march from Poole, that they 
 shall not bear arms tiU they come to Portsmouth or 
 Southampton. 
 
 V. That aU sick and wounded shall lie at i^oy till 
 they be cured. 
 
 * Or Titchfield, according to A Diary, or an Exact Journal, faith- 
 fully communicating the most remarkable occurrences, &c. 
 
EISTORIOAL NOTICES. 231 
 
 VI. That they shall have in their march all the 
 money that they can procure from Plymouth, and 
 all other accommodations. 
 
 VII. That there shall be no moving of soldiers to 
 turn to the King, but such as come voluntarilj to 
 his Majesty's service. 
 
 September the 7th. — After our great loss and 
 heavy blow which our God hath justly given to us 
 in the west, yet there is mercy with our God that 
 we are not all consumed. But the mercies of the 
 wicked are cruel. 
 
 Our scout informs us that the King's party most 
 basely and perfidiously broke conditions, and instead 
 of convoying our men, left them (being unarmed) to 
 the merciless power of the soldiers and heathenish 
 Cornish, who pillaged our foot, yea, and Commanders 
 too, and from Lieut.-Colonels downwards pillaged 
 them, and stripped many to their shirts, and pulled off 
 the boots, shoes, and stockings of Commanders, and 
 made them to go barefoot. Which Major Skippon 
 seeing, repaired back to his Majesty, and told him 
 that his generals had broke faith, and that it con- 
 cerned him in honour to see reparations ; but the 
 remedy was worse than the disease. His Majesty 
 made out warrants as if care should be taken, but 
 yet himself broke conditions, by using enticing 
 words to Major Skippon, intimating to have him to 
 come to save him. These Cavaliers instead of safe 
 conducting them, not only suffered them to be 
 stripped of clothes, but of three day's provision of 
 victuals they had with them, and to add affliction 
 
232 NEEEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 to affliction, the country would not, or had private 
 directions to the contrary, and durst not, bring any 
 provisions at all. So that they were enforced to 
 march thirty miles without a bit of bread, and in 
 extreme wet weather ; and when they came to Oak- 
 hampton, General Goring sent a warrant from the 
 King to the country, to bring in our soldiers pro- 
 visions ; when in all hkeHhood most of them had 
 been then dead with hunger and cold, with tedious 
 marches, if God had not strengthened them. 
 Which warrant did as good as was intended; nothing 
 to the purpose. 
 
 Our scout informs us of one particular more, worth 
 your knowledge ; That the sick and maimed soldiers 
 that were left behind by the conditions, the Cornish 
 women came, and stripped their shirts off their 
 backs, and took away their clothes, and left them so 
 lying naked on straw, some under hedges, some in 
 other places. This he was an eye-witness of. 
 
 We lost thirty-six piece of ordnance, sixty barrels 
 of powder, six thousand arms. 
 
 October the 1st. — The matter and cause of the 
 miscarrying of this Army hath been examined. 
 Treachery plainly appears in the thing. Honest 
 and honourable Major Skippon perceived it, but too 
 late to prevent it ; therefore smiting himself upon 
 his breast, said, " We are betrayed, we are betrayed." 
 But who the persons are is not yet so clear. Some 
 are known ; one is run to the King to secure him- 
 self ; Colonel Butler is sent up by his Excellency, 
 and is committed to the Tower. 
 
EISTOBIOAL NOTICES. 233 
 
 This treachery intended against the Lord General 
 was plotting before he went into the west, upon this 
 ground, that divers of the most knowing and active 
 Eoyalists who live among us would with much con- 
 fidence say, The Lord General would receive a blow 
 in the west. In particular, a gentleman who is 
 prisoner in the Castle of Warwick, namely, Mr. 
 -E'. Andrews, the son of Sir JEv. Andrews, who being 
 amongst divers gentlemen at a Tavern in Waiioick, 
 said before them aU, with imperious speeches, that 
 he would be hanged if the Earl of Essex came safe 
 back out of the west, and told them they should 
 see the King's Army flourish. This was preparing 
 after the Lord General was gone into the west, when 
 he had a gallant stout Army, such as the King's 
 Army durst not look in the face ; for some of the 
 King's Army at the end of Newbury battle, said 
 Essex will never be beaten, and with fearful oaths 
 swore it. They despairing of any victory, have 
 laboured to compass that by treacherous plots which 
 they could not do by the sword. 
 
 1644. September the 7th. — We understood of the 
 Earl of Manchester's intention to leave Lincolnshire, 
 being by the directors general called westward. 
 The suddenness of this call was readily obeyed. It 
 was not to be expressed what sorrow was expressed, 
 when it was understood he was to depart; some 
 crying, " What will become of us within this half- 
 hour after my Lord's forces are gone ? The King's 
 forces will come, cursing and swearing, setting their 
 pistols to our breasts, extorting money at their 
 
234 NEHEMIAE WALLING TON'S 
 
 pleasure, and plundering all others, for," as sad 
 hearts said, " what, will my Lord leave us now, and 
 not first destroy our enemies ? What will become 
 of us ? AU our love and respect to my Lord's 
 army, will now be requited upon us ; there are 
 many among us that observe our smiles, which our 
 enemies will turn into tears by blows, and other 
 cruelties ; what shall we do ? better set fire of all 
 we have and begone, than suffer what we are like 
 to do." These, with many more of like nature, 
 took great impression upon the Army, insomuch 
 that tears fell plenty on both sides. 
 
 September the 11th. — "Whereas there hath been 
 such spoil and rapine, and unheard of cruelties 
 lately committed by the enemy within the county 
 of Lancaster, insomuch that in some parts the 
 people have hardly anything left them to cover 
 their nakedness, the men taken and carried to 
 prison, the women and children having not bread 
 to eat, which extreme misery being represented 
 unto the Commons assembled in Parliament ; It is 
 ordered that upon the 12th day of this instant Sep- 
 tember, being appointed for a solemn fast, the one 
 half of the public collection to be made in all the 
 churches in London [and] Westminster, and line of 
 communication, shall be employed for the relief of 
 those poor distressed people within the said county 
 oi Lancaster." ^ 
 
 September the 30th, a petition was preferred to 
 the House of Commons, subscribed by four thou- 
 
 * Perfect Occurrences. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 236 
 
 sand gentlemen and others of good ability in the 
 County of Stafford,^ which petition being read, 
 some of it was to this effect of sad complaint. 
 That the pressures, plunderings, taxations, and im- 
 prisonments, terror and murders by the enemy 
 are insupportable, who, by reason of the unhappy 
 absence of their Lord General the Earl of Denbigh, 
 are preparing to plant themselves in garrisons in 
 those parts for this winter.' And no marvel that 
 the godly people in those parts do so much desire 
 his Lordship's speedy dispatch, for the Cavaliers 
 thereabouts do threaten to suppress all the godly 
 Ministers thereabouts, and have already been at 
 Welford in Warwickshire, whither a party from 
 Worcester came into the Church, and as Mr. Trapp, 
 an honest godly man, was going into the pulpit to 
 preach, they pulled him down, and dragged him as 
 if he had been a malefactor, abused him and called 
 him Eoundhead, Eogue, puritan, and parliament 
 dog, and carried him away to Worcester, leaving 
 the poor people without a Teacher. 
 
 [1644. — October the 22nd, being the Fast day, 
 this morning the King of the Beggars, (as they 
 call him) was found dead against Whitehall, by the 
 Court of Guard there. Of whose death I shall give 
 no other account but what is reported by many that 
 saw him the night before, the Fast night, when all 
 agree that he had been with some Malignants, 
 drinking hard, because it was the Fast day ; but he 
 drank so that he was soundly drunk, and the next 
 
 » See Firfect Biurnall, No. 62. « Ibid. 
 
236 NEHEMIAE WALLINa TON'S 
 
 morning lay dead in the streets. Whoever pleases 
 to enquire of those that live thereabouts may hear 
 it more at large if they be not satisfied that which 
 I say is truth. 
 
 Let all Drunkards and Mockers that jeer at our 
 fasting, and make it their sport, consider well of it ; 
 there hath been many examples of this kind ; God 
 win not be mocked.] 
 
 From Ireland, October 24th. — " The House was 
 informed by a gentleman newly come from Ireland, 
 That the actions of the Rebels are barbarous ; that 
 though they have food enough, yet they eat young 
 children. And no doubt these miscreants would 
 make the same massacre of us, and use us in the 
 same nature, had they power. 
 
 " This report was made by a gentleman of credit 
 to the Parliament." ' 
 
 Pulling a Minister out of the Pulpit, and then Dragging 
 him and a Justice of Peace to Prison. 
 
 Divers strange and profane cruel actions have 
 been daily performed by the Cavaliers in all parts 
 of the kingdom, where they come, who respect 
 neither time, place, nor person ; particularly Captain 
 Pelham Corbet, within the hundred of Cherbery, in 
 the parish of Wortlien; hearing that one Mr. 
 Edward Lewis, Vicar of the parish of Cherbery, a 
 very godly man, did preach twice a day, the Cap- 
 tain Pelham Corbet sent a party of Horse out of 
 
 ' Perfect Occurrences, No. 14. 
 
SISTORICAL NOTICES. 237 
 
 his garrison, and commanded them to Cherhery, 
 who chose a time when the people were at church 
 on the Lord's day, October ih.e 11th, and placed some 
 of the Horse for guards about the churchyard for 
 fear of Montgomery Castle, a garrison of ours about 
 two miles off; and the rest rid in the church to the 
 great fright and amazement of the people, men, 
 women, and children; and with their pistols, 
 charged and cocked, went up to the pulpit, and 
 pulled down Mr. Lewis, pulling and tugging him 
 in a most unworthy manner. They also went to 
 Mr. John Newton of Heighly, a Justice of Peace, his 
 pew, puUed out him and his eldest son, Mr. Peter 
 Newton, and some other godly people, which they 
 carried away prisoners to Corbet their Governor, 
 and so left the people without their pastor; be- 
 cause they would not be content with one sermon a 
 day, now to be without any at all. 
 
 \_October the 8th, 1644, thefe came news from 
 Oxford of the great fire which was thus, as is con- 
 firmed by letters from Major-General Brown, and 
 divers others, who have had intelligence from some 
 who have been in Oxford. 
 
 That on the last Lord's Day in the morning, 
 some of the soldiers in the town had appointed a 
 merry meeting, at a fiddler's profane tap-house 
 near the Red Lion by the Fish Market (going 
 towards Carfax) and accordingly they met, with . . . 
 music, drink, and tobacco, one drinking an health 
 to the King, another to the next meeting of Parlia- 
 ment. Other healths they drank to the confasion 
 
238 NEHEMIAE WALLING TON' 8 
 
 of them at Westminster, and to the destruction of 
 the City of London. Thus by drunkenness, music, 
 scurrilous songs, cursing and swearing, profan- 
 ing God's holy day. About three o'clock in the 
 afternoon the fire began to appear, which by the 
 just hand of God hath burned and consumed in all 
 about three hundred and thirty houses, as the last 
 and truest intelligence says. 
 
 Giles or Carfax Church is burnt, and so up the 
 town till it came to Carfax, the devouring fire 
 consumed all before it. 
 
 And here I will set down these observations con- 
 cerning this fire. First, that when about sixty of 
 the houses were burnt. Major-general 5rawn coming 
 before it, all the soldiers were commanded to the 
 works, and they would not stir unless the towns- 
 men come with them (although many of them 
 before were more industrious at pillaging than 
 quenching the fire) so that there were few besides 
 women and children left to quench it. 
 
 Secondly, observe, that the only church that was 
 fired and defaced, though not whoUy burnt, was 
 Carfax, whereof Giles Widdows (the same that 
 boasted that he had cuffed the Devil in his study, 
 and wrought the schismatical puritan) was parson, 
 aud had therein often preached against the observa- 
 tion of the Lord's day : saying, that dancing and 
 playing was as necessary as preaching ; so that this 
 part of the town being so well taught, were always 
 the most evident profaners of the Sabbath day 
 by keeping Whitsun Ales, and dancing ; amongst 
 
mSTORIOAL NOTICES. 239 
 
 whom lame Giles Mmself would put off his gown 
 and dance with them on that day. 
 
 Thirdly, observe, that most of the goods which 
 were plundered by the Cavaliers from Cicester in 
 Gloucestershire, and from Oxfordshire and Berkshire 
 were here laid up, and most of them either spoiled 
 or burned ; God not permitting those iU-gotten 
 goods to prosper, but herein in spoiling, spoiled the 
 spoiler. 
 
 Fourthly, observe, that the head-quarters of those 
 who had fired so many towns should now be visited 
 with the most sad and wonderful fire that hath 
 happened these many years in any part of the 
 kingdom. 
 
 Fifthly, observe, that this fire was upon the 
 Sabbath day, to shew the just judgment of Grod, 
 which saith, "But if you will not hear me to 
 sanctify the Sabbath day, and not to bear a burden 
 nor to go through the gates of Jerusalem in the 
 Sabbath day, then will I kindle a fire in the gates 
 thereof and it shall devour the palaces of Jeru- 
 salem, and it shall not be quenched." — Jeremiah 
 xvii. 27. 
 
 So you see that this sad accident might be a 
 warning unto all profaners of the Lord's day, either 
 at Oxford or in any part of the kingdom ; it being 
 a sin of so crying a nature, that the Almighty out 
 of just vengeance and judgment upon the com- 
 mitters thereof, hath often punished with fire, as 
 divers places in this kingdom can witness. 
 
 With this at Oxford the fourth part of the city 
 
240 NEHEMIAE WALLINGTON'S 
 
 is burnt : several brewliouses, twelve bakehouses, 
 nine malt-houses, and very nigh two thousand 
 quarters of malt burned, and spoiled. The loss in 
 all comes to three hundred thousand pounds.] 
 
 November the 9th, by letters out oi Pembrokeshire 
 it was certified that Gerhard had extremely plun- 
 dered the country about Knighton, Dindon, and 
 those parts (after he had plundered and robbed 
 divers that lived well before) that many have been 
 starved to death, men, women, and children, and 
 many whom he. hath forced to take up arms aga,inst 
 their wills, when they had no more to give him, 
 left sick, and lame, and in a most miserable con- 
 dition. And in the like condition hath he left Car- 
 marthenshire, as Penarth, Trogeren, and other parts 
 thereabouts." ^ 
 
 December the 10th. — ^"From Buckinghamshire it is 
 certified that the King's Horse do extremely annoy 
 them, and that they scout out by forty, fifty, or an 
 hundred together, and go in divers towns, and 
 plunder all that they can make use of, their clothes, 
 beds, bedding, cattle, sheep, poultry, and leave 
 behind them in many places nothing but bare 
 walls,, and in some houses nothing but mats to lie 
 on. So that those parts never suffered more than 
 they do now." ' 
 
 December 15th. — It is also certified from Warwick, 
 that a great and ancient house of the Earl of 
 Middlesex, called Milcoat (it is within 3 or 4 miles 
 of Evesham) is burnt down to the ground. It is 
 
 ' Perfect Occurrences. ' Ibid., No. 1. 
 
EISTORICAL NOTICES. 241 
 
 also reported that Campden house, at Campden, is 
 burnt and demolished, which, if true, is a great 
 pity, for it was a very stately house, built all with 
 silks, by Sir Baptist Hicks, sometime Viscount 
 Campden.^" 
 
 December the 25th, (vulgarly called Christmas 
 Day) was now kept our Fast-day. This day pubhc 
 information was given in several congregations 
 about London, concerning the cruelty, of the ene- 
 mies' forces ; who hath driven away many well 
 affected people from their habitation in divers 
 towns near Plym.outh, and stripped them of aU their 
 clothes, inforcing them to Plymouth for succour, on 
 purpose to weaken the garrison by wasting provi- 
 sion for their relief. And therefore it was desired 
 that such persons who had any old clothes by them 
 would send them to Leaden Hall, from whence 
 they should be sent to Plymouth on Saturday nest. 
 There is an eminent Gospel promise to those that 
 clothe the naked. 
 
 Also this day, December the 25th, it was certified 
 that the enemy about Shrewsbury are very cruel, 
 even to their own friends, as may appear by this 
 ensuing letter. 
 
 "Sir, — The King's forces at Shrewsbury (to add 
 to their former cruelties) have done a most un- 
 christian action near Shrewsbury, where Mr. Barker, 
 a gentleman of great estate, lived, and had a very 
 fair house, in which he dwelt within two miles of 
 the town. The said Mr. Barker hath always been 
 
 1" Apppendix, Note WWW. 
 VOL. 11. R 
 
242 NEIiEMIAE WALLINGTON'8 
 
 a friend to tliem, and done much, for them from 
 time to time ; his son also is in arms in the King's 
 Army at this present. And a while since this 
 Mr. Barker died, leaving the said house and goods 
 to some daughters which lived with him, and were 
 in the house, besides the land which he left to his 
 son ; and when Mr. Barker was dead, there came 
 a warrant from the council of war at Shrewsbury, 
 commanding the young gentlewomen to be gone 
 out of the house, and carry away what they had 
 with them to some friends' house where they 
 thought good, or to bring it into SJirewsbury and it 
 should be secured there; for they had agreed to fire 
 down the said house, lest the Parliament Forces 
 should come and make a garrison of it. The gentle- 
 women being much troubled at this sudden mes- 
 sage, which was an addition of sorrow to their 
 present grief for their late deceased Father, they 
 begged that it might not be burnt, (for it was a 
 very stately house, few such in those parts,) but 
 could not prevail to have it stand, the Council had 
 ordered it must be burnt. So the gentlewomen, 
 with sad hearts, sent to their tenants to bring in 
 carts to carry away their goods, with which they 
 laded many carts, to the number of about sixteen, 
 intending to have the same carried to some friends 
 of theirs, for they durst not venture it to Shrews- 
 bury ; but, when the carts were laden^ there came a 
 party of Cavaliers from Shrewsbury, which forced 
 the carts to Shrewsbury with the goods in them, all 
 which they have taken from the gentlewomen, and 
 burnt the house to the ground. 
 
EISTOBICAL NOTICES. 243 
 
 Out of the county of Buchinghamshire they also 
 write that the King's forces, under the Earl of 
 Northampton, do exceedingly waste and spoil the 
 most fruitful parts of that fertile country. And 
 this is most manifest, that wherever the Cavaliering 
 Rebels come, they totally spoil and lay waste the 
 fruitfullest and most goodly places, and behave 
 themselves as so many boars in a garden, to the 
 infinite damage and prejudice of the poor inhabi- 
 tants, and with little or no advantage to their own 
 side. The most of their commanders and soldiers 
 may fitly be compared to tigers and bears for 
 cruelty, to boars for waste and destruction, to 
 swine for drunkenness, .... to wolves for greedi- 
 ness. 
 
 R 2 
 
244 NEHEMIAH WALLINOTON'S 
 
 XL. 
 
 Parliament Occueeencbs — Some Paet of the Life and Plots op 
 
 THE LOED MaOGUIEE — ThE CeUBL PLUNDEEfflG GE THE ToWN OF 
 
 Birmingham — Outeage on a Mikister in the Pulpit — Wicked- 
 ness AND Cewblty in oue OWN Abmibs — Ceuelties in Skbllum 
 Geenville's Armies. 
 
 " Parliament occurrences during these wars are 
 not slightly to be passed over, but deliberately read 
 and seriously considered. Antichrist, popery, and 
 superstition cannot be cast out of the Church but 
 with much bloodshed. What the King and Parlia- 
 ment divided and not laid to heart, can we look to 
 prosper, whilst God is profaned in our armies ? Shall 
 we imitate the Cavaliers in their barbarous cruelties? 
 Oh, let all such be speedUy cast out of the camp ! 
 Oh but whilst commanders of trust are treacherous, 
 ambitious, or covetous^ what hope can there be of 
 an end of all these troubles?"^ 
 
 " When will the treaty be ?" says one. " Do you 
 think we shall have peace?" says another, "God 
 grant they may agree ! " says the third. " If wars 
 last but a year longer, we shall aU be undone," 
 saith the fourth. " There is none against peace 
 but such as gets estates by the wars," saith the 
 fifth. " I pray God send the King to London," 
 
 ^ Prom Perfect Occurrences, from Friday, 27th Dec, to Friday, 
 Jan. 3, 1645. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 245 
 
 saith a sixtli. And at last comes the faint-hearted,^ 
 and saith, " We fight and fight and pay our money, 
 and they tell us we must fight to save that we have, 
 but what do we fight for?"^ 
 
 " Alas, poor wretches, they are many of you that 
 are as blind as beetles ! If you were but now in 
 Cornwall, where they had greater hopes than ever 
 you had to find favour from the King's party, they 
 had as long promises as any of you, and yet, though 
 they thought thereby to have their estates secured, 
 and an end of their troubles, and thereupon made 
 their agreement with the King's party, yet since that 
 time none in the whole kingdom have suffered more 
 than they. To insert all the particulars whereof 
 would be too tedious, as, particularly, how Gren- 
 ville's soldiers rob, steal, and kill, about Tavistock 
 and Launceston. How Sir John Trevanions soldiers 
 insult over the country people about Foy and 
 Liskeard, ravish, rob, and beat the people, their 
 wives and children, and how Sir William Godolphins 
 regiment do drive away the cattle and load away 
 the goods, burn and spoil in cruel manner about 
 Truro, St. Agnes, and the furthest part of Cornwall. 
 To this I may add the experience of those inha- 
 bitants of Oxford who are sensible of the misery of 
 the peace of the Cavaliers, insomuch that in that 
 city there are many hundreds that have been exceed- 
 ingly abused by them, when the Cavaliers in a 
 mad humour have broken open one man's doors, 
 .... cut and wounded others that have crossed 
 
 * " White-brained Milksop " in original. ' Peifect Occurrences. 
 
246 NEHEMIAH WALLING TON'S 
 
 them, plundered, imprisoned, and cruelly handled 
 them, who have been great malignants."* 
 
 January 4th, 1645. — We had intelligence that a 
 party of the King's horse from Oxford were plun- 
 dering about Buckland, Hinton, and those parts, and 
 not only drove away the people's horses and cattle, 
 and took away their cows, and butter, and cheese, 
 but stole away their very poultry. 
 
 A great party of the Cavaliers came into Chipping 
 Norton, where they quartered, and, at their going 
 thence, to show their impartiality (though there 
 was but one Eoundhead in the town) they plun- 
 dered every house therein of whatsoever was of 
 value, and took two hundred sheep, and above forty 
 pounds from one man. 
 
 Janitary 5th. — Complaints are very grievous from 
 the hither parts of Buckingham and Berkshire 
 against some of the Parliament soldiers, who grew 
 so insolent that when they came to a Parliament 
 man's house to quarter, being told whose house it 
 was, called him a " Parliament dog and rogue ;" it is 
 time to reform when such men are employed by the 
 Parhament. And also, common soldiers that will 
 eat nothing but puUen boiled in butter and white 
 wine, and enforce the poor countrymen to do it. 
 But the complaints from the remote parts of these 
 counties where the King's soldiers are quartered, 
 
 .■• From Perfect Occurrences. In the original the following sentence 
 concludes the paragraph :— " It was fitter for a second Book of Martyrs 
 to reckon up a catalogue of all their cruelties in, then so short a toonip 
 as this paper can afford." 
 
EISTORICAL NOTICES. 2i7 
 
 are such as the like hath not been heard in Ger- 
 many, .... killing men and women most barba- 
 rously that were poor inhabitants, and had not 
 left sufficient to relieve the licensed soldier accord- 
 ing to his greedy appetite. 
 
 January the 11th, we had intelligence from Ox- 
 fordshire that the enemy, they had plundered Cullam 
 most miserably, stripping from women of rank aU 
 their clothes, took from Lady Carey, an ancient lady 
 sick in her bed, her rings from her fingers, her 
 watch, and whatever they could carry away. 
 
 January 16th. — " It was certified that, when the 
 houses in Gosport were burnt down, the Cavaliers 
 did much mischief there by cruel plunder, and one 
 of them, a notorious papist, who was chief in firing 
 of the houses, came to a gentleman of the town 
 that had two rings upon several fingers, and this 
 wretched fellow cut off both his fingers for those 
 
 " 5 
 
 rings. 
 
 January the 22nd. — From Lincolnshire it was this 
 day certified by letters that the Newarkers have 
 marched out of the town, and done much mischief 
 in the neighbouring villages, not only plunder the 
 country people of all that they are worth, but have 
 taken many of them out of their own houses, and 
 carried them away prisoners into Newark, and used 
 them very harshly, especially such as were gentle- 
 men of worth, that so they might redeem themselves 
 with money ; a most horrible cruelty. 
 
 There is a very little parish, not far from Win- 
 
 * Perfect Ocaurrences. 
 
248 NEEEMIAB WALLINaWN'S 
 
 Chester, and all the land that was in it (when times 
 were good) was not worth above four hundred pound, 
 yet this parish was seized by Colonel Ooring as he 
 passed by, at three hundred pound, which they were 
 commanded presently to bring in, without fail, of 
 which that little parish could not raise any con- 
 siderable proportion. Whereupon one of the chiefs 
 of the towns was committed, yet a man of small 
 estate, as they are aU, and carried to Winchester, 
 since which two of the town have been at Win- 
 chester to certify the King's party that the town can 
 hardly raise eighty pound, and to raise that, all must 
 suffer extremely, and could not possibly raise any 
 more. Whereupon the two countrymen that came 
 to offer the eighty pound were both committed, and 
 remained prisoners in Winchester with the other 
 man; and a party from thence was sent out to 
 plunder the town. 
 
 January 23rd. — We had more news of the ene- 
 mies' cruel plundering, as, particularly that the 
 King's Banbury forces were got into Northampton-^ 
 shire, and had plundered about Kilsby, where they 
 were most inhuman, drove away sixty head of cattle, 
 two hundred sheep, and plundered the townsmen to 
 their very shirts upon the matter, for they left them 
 nothing that was good. 
 
 There came also intelligence out of the west that 
 the King's forces have burnt 25 houses in Gosport, 
 a village near Portsmouth, where were two inns, and 
 some other pretty convenient houses, for a little 
 village town ; but such is their cruelty that they do 
 
EISTORICAL NOTICES. 249 
 
 daily burn, rob, and plunder and spoil, and they 
 undo all places where they come. 
 
 \_June the 20, 1642, I did see three of the chief 
 Eebels that came out of Ireland were here in Lon- 
 don, carried to the Tower, viz., the Lord Macguire, 
 Captain Macmahon (some say he is a Lord, too, both 
 of them Irish men) and Col. Read, some say he 
 is a Scotchman, a grave, portable man. I was with 
 the Lord Macguire alone, and had some speech 
 with him in the Lieutenant's house concerning my 
 wife's brother, Zaohariah Rampain, who dwelt in 
 the County of Fermanagh, and he said he knew him 
 very well. 
 
 And Augicst the 11, 1644, being on the Lord's 
 day in the morning, these two great bloody Eebels, 
 the Lord Macguire, and Captain Macmahon, who 
 have been the cause of the shedding of the blood of 
 so many thousands innocent in Ireland, broke forth 
 of the Tower and got away on this manner, they 
 had privately brought them two saws which were 
 made a purpose, [with] which they sawed asunder 
 two very thick doors, and so got out of prison, and 
 climbed over an house, and then slid down, and 
 swam over, or waded through, the tower ditch.] 
 
 Many and evil hath the days been of those poor 
 Protestant people in Ireland, caused by the cruelty 
 of those barbarous minded men, Lord Macguire and 
 Macmahon, those Arch grand Irish Eebels ; . they 
 strove who should exceed others in mischief, their 
 chiefest delights, inventions of cruelty, and daily 
 sights, the tortured souls. The province of Ulster 
 
250 NEHEMIAE WALLINQTON'S 
 
 did bear a sad part, wherein was slain one hundred 
 fifty four thousands of poor, distressed souls. Oh, 
 how many children have they buried alive ! They 
 have fed upon the flesh of innocent Protestants, 
 boasting of their cruelty, saying they never fared 
 better than when they sucked the blood of in- 
 fants, and fed upon the flesh of Protestants. Here 
 you might see cities, and towns, and castles aU 
 on a fire. Such hath been the miseries of our poor 
 brethren of Ireland under the barbarous usage of 
 those brace of villains ; yet, not contented, they 
 thought to seize upon the Castle of Dublin, and to 
 kill, and make away, the Lords and Council that 
 were in the same ; but, by God's great mercy, they 
 were disappointed, for meeting with one O'Neal, a 
 supposed friend of theirs, to him they disclosed their 
 intent, who misliked the same, revealed the plot, 
 and, being apprehended, and since found guilty, 
 they were sent to the Parliament of England, for 
 which kingdom's crown they formerly had cast dice 
 for, before whom their bloody actions being dis- 
 covered, and found guilty, the one, Macmahon, was, 
 November the 18th, 1644^ at Tyburn drawn, hanged, 
 and quartered, and the Lord Macguire, February the 
 20th, was also at Tyburn drawn, hanged, and quar- 
 tered, and their heads set on London Bridge, and 
 their quarters on the gates of the City.® 
 
 ^'■February the 4th came letters from Birmingham,'' 
 which certify of the Enemies' cruel plunder there, 
 as you may see by this ensuing letter. 
 
 ° See Apiiendix, Note XXX. ' Brimedgham. 
 
EISTOEIGAL NOTICES. 251 
 
 " Sir, — Colonel Lenson, the Governor of Dudley, 
 a garrison of the King's, six miles from this place, 
 taking the opportunity of Col. Fox's absence, he 
 sent out Serjeant-Major Henningham, with a party 
 of about four hundred horse and foot, who marched 
 from Dudley on Tuesday night last, and about eleven 
 o'clock at night they surrounded the town, and, 
 with their horse on the street side, and their foot 
 on the back of the houses, they were placed to 
 keep the people in. And so they fell to plunder 
 very cruelly for the space of four hours, insomuch 
 that the poor women and children did make such a 
 lamentable cry that they might have been heard 
 half a mile off crying ' murther, murther,' and yet 
 could find no pity, but carried away all that they 
 could lay hands on that was worth the carrying 
 away; as — 
 
 " William Waldron, they broke down his door, and 
 plundered him of all they could lay their hands on. 
 
 " Thomas Gisbome, they took all his cloth out of 
 his shop, and plundered his house all over. 
 
 " Francis Millard, they carried away aU his iron 
 ware, and plundered his house. 
 
 " Widow Greaves, a godly poor woman, they took 
 aU she had from her, and turned her out in the 
 street in her bare smock, and bare-legged. 
 
 " Widow Weyman, a godly poor woman, that 
 was gone that night to Coventry to be at a fast the 
 next day, they broke open her doors, and plundered 
 her of her iron wares, and took aU that was good 
 out of her house. 
 
252 NEEEMIAH WALLINOTON'S 
 
 " William Allen, shoemaker, they took from him 
 all the ware in his shop, and all his goods, and 
 stripped his wife and children, and carried away the 
 clothes from their backs. 
 
 " Widow Simmons they plundered of all she had, 
 pulled her children out of their beds, and carried 
 away their bedding and clothes from under them. 
 
 " JElias Lilley, with many more, too tedious to set 
 down the particulars, these being the least of their 
 cruelties, some they stripped them, their wives and 
 children, and wounded many, as Thomas Sherv, his 
 wife, and children and divers others in such a cruel 
 manner, the like was not heard of. 
 
 " Dated at Birmingham, February the 1st." 
 
 In most of the places where the enemies come, 
 they have a thousand women, many of which are 
 Irish, who carry great packs along with them upon 
 some horses for the purpose, in which they plunder 
 and take away whatsoever is of value, wheresoever 
 they come, breaking open doors, chests, and trunks, 
 none daring to resist them. 
 
 By letters from Reading^ it is certified that a 
 party of the enemies' hor^e came to a parish church 
 belonging to a town called Tilehurst, on the last 
 Lord's day, when the Minister was in the pulpit 
 preaching unto them, and, to their great disturb- 
 ance, they went into the Church, and interrupted 
 them, and offered to carry away him, and many 
 other godly men prisoners, if they did not forthwith 
 
 ' Abridged from Perfect Occurrences, tlie 6th Weeke (of 1645). 
 
mSTOBICAL NOTICES. 253 
 
 furnisli them with three hundred pounds, of which 
 sum they would not bate one penny, and made them 
 to go presently and fetch it for them, and well they 
 could escape so, too, for the mercies of the wicked 
 is cruelty. 
 
 Out of Worcestershire it is advertised that a party 
 of the enemies went to the house of one Mr. Baker, 
 an active man for the Parhament, at a place called 
 Hinton upon the Green, which they totally plun- 
 dered, and afterwards burnt it down to the ground. 
 
 Wickedness and Cruelty committed in our own Armies. 
 
 January the 30th. — " The Committee appointed to 
 examine the particulars [were] informed of the seve- 
 ral murders and other cruelties committed by our 
 soldiers ; it is reported, that two men of Mr. liobies, 
 a Member of the House, were slain by them, and 
 himself called a Parliament dog. It is time to cast 
 out these men that commit these acts, be they never 
 so conformable otherways."' 
 
 March the 1st. — " Intelligence is that in Cornwall 
 and Devonshire, Skellum Gi'enville^° hath sent out a 
 great press, and by his warrants the men are sent 
 in, who came to him very unwillingly, and are 
 listed, and upon their march, being not used to 
 that service, and his marches are very fast many 
 times, especially when he retreats from Plymouth, 
 as he doth often upon our sallying out, and he 
 forceth the foot to retreat with the Horse, and 
 
 " From A Perfect Diurnall, No. 81. " Sir Kenelm Grenville ? 
 
254: NEEEMIAE WALLINOTON'8 
 
 those that go not so fast as the rest, they with long 
 sticks which they have gotten for the purpose, with 
 needles put in the end of them, thrust the poor 
 men, as drovers used to do oxen, to force them 
 forward the faster, and thus he useth not only lusty 
 strong men, but little youths, and old grey-headed 
 men, of whom they have pressed divers to serve 
 him. So that Grenville now sways those two coun- 
 ties of ComvMll and Devonshire with much cruelty 
 and tyranny." " 
 
 " Abridged from Perfect Occurrences, 10th Weeke. 
 
EISTORIOAL NOTICES. 255 
 
 XLI. 
 
 Cruelly Plunderixq Progeess. 
 
 Marcs the 1st, intelligence is that a party of Horse 
 from Newark marched in to the Peak in Derbyshire, 
 to a place called Worsworth, and there took some 
 honest men of the Committee, a mayor, a captain, 
 and twenty-five dragoons, and plundered the town 
 of some ten horse, besides, robbed them of three 
 hundred pounds in money. 
 
 March the 6th "we had intelligence, that two 
 prisoners in Exeter, one was a godly Minister, and 
 the other, an honest farmer in Cornwall, were 
 both discharged upon exchange, and the discharge 
 under the General's own hand, and yet, when [he] 
 heard of it, he called for them, and offered them the 
 covenant, which they told Skellum Grenville was 
 not, they hoped, to be imposed upon them, because 
 they were fully discharged, and others set at liberty 
 for them, and shewed him their General's own hand 
 for it. Skellum took the discharge from them, and 
 sent them to another prison, and caused the Cove- 
 nant to be imposed upon them, which they refused, 
 whereupon, without any trial, and for no other 
 offence but refusing it, and malice together, Grenville 
 caused them to be tied together, and sent them both 
 to be hanged, and, accordingly, the yeoman was 
 
256 NEEEMIAH WALLINOTON'S 
 
 executed, and, just as the Minister was to be hanged, 
 comes one crying, ' Mercy, mercy,' and so they 
 stayed, and this mercy was to send the Minister 
 back to Exeter prison again to be tortured, and 
 almost starved, as he was before."' 
 
 March the 7th the news is that the Cavaliers 
 " they have robbed Harhorough in Leicestershire 
 from one end of the town to the other, beginning 
 at the sign of the Ram, and plundering all along to 
 the Crown. 
 
 " But none of them exceed Skellum Grenville, 
 who hath plundered all Cornwall and Devonshire, 
 between Rainhead' St. Marywich from the Land's 
 end to the Temple and Cave." ^ 
 
 Also from Warwick we have intelligence that the 
 Earl of Northam,pton sent out a party of horse about 
 two hundred, from Banbury to wait for the Glou- 
 cestershire Clothiers, and, when they had intelligence 
 of the Clothiers' coming, they drew out after them, 
 and had a short skirmish, took about fifty prisoners, 
 and aU the cloth and horses. (There was seventy- 
 two packs of cloth, which is valued at ten thousand 
 pound.) 
 
 1645. — The Parhament hath received intelligence 
 that Prince Rupert had executed thirteen English 
 Protestants.^ The Lords and Commons now in 
 Parliament, being sensible thereof, do declare. That 
 
 ' Prom Perfect Passages of each Daye's Proceedings in Parliament. 
 ^ From Perfect Occurrences, the 11th Weeke." 
 5 Appendix, Note YYY. 
 
EI8T0BICAL NOTICES. 257 
 
 they have just cause so to proceed against those 
 inhuman Irish, whose intentions are absolutely to the 
 dispersion of the crown of England from that king- 
 dom, and to the destruction of the Protestants and 
 English there, which is apparent by their setting up 
 the Spanish colours at Wexford and Galloway in Ire- 
 land, and have murdered an hundred fifty-four thou- 
 sand British Protestants in one Province, within four 
 months after the beginning of that rebellion there. 
 
 Grenville vexeth Devonshire very sore, by forcing 
 the country and laying heavy taxes, and if the 
 weekly assessments be not brought in at the time 
 prefixed by his warrants, he hangs up the constable 
 that is to gather it ; having made thirteen examples 
 of this kind. 
 
 The Enemy's Cruel Colours. 
 
 April the 8th " there came intelligence that Sir 
 William Waller had taken one of the enemies' 
 colours, a cornet's colours, which is thought fit to 
 be published, that aU men may see how they thirst 
 for the blood of Protestants. There is in the same 
 colours a Protestant's head, with his ears cut ofi", and 
 the head cut and mangled." * 
 
 April the 18 th we are certified that a brave farm 
 of Sir William Drake's, in the parish of Amersham,^ 
 
 * From " Perfect Occurrences, tlie 15th Weeke," where the paragraph 
 ends thus — " (as if thus they hoped hy their Army, to make the conditions 
 of the Protestants in England), and underneath this Motto : ' Non 
 quadratus.' They hope to square the Church of England to the Church 
 of Borne. But God is all-sufficient to defend us, in Him we trust ! " 
 
 ^ Admonsham. 
 
 VOL. II. S 
 
258 NEHEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 is burnt, with tlie barns and stables, and, about ten 
 days before, ten or twelve of our disorderly soldiers 
 came to tbis farm, and demanded quarter, and wbat 
 not. The master of the house told them he paid 
 for quartering ten men at that time, and had not 
 any for them, upon which they violently entered 
 the house, and forced the man himself to rub their 
 horse heels, not suffering any of his servants to do 
 it. After this, they tied bottles about his neck, 
 forcing him to go to the town, and fetch them sack, 
 who returned with some thirty musketeers, and 
 seized on them ; but, upon promise of better deport- 
 ment let them go, who, in requital, came afterwards, 
 and fired his house. ^ 
 
 April the 23rd we hear that Greenwell his forces, 
 which are now straitly besieging Taunton, are so 
 cruel that they murder and hang up every man, 
 woman, and child that came out of the town, and 
 threaten to give no quarter to any therein. 
 
 The condition of the Western parts about Taunton 
 is very sad, the enemy's forces before that town have 
 exercised many cruelties upon the inhabitants there- 
 abouts, killing all such as refuse to join with them. 
 They carry away all the women they can find, 
 whose husbands are in Lyme, Taunton, or other the 
 Parliament's garrisons thereabouts, or whose affec- 
 tion to the Parliament are known, and either knock 
 them and their children on the head with the butt 
 
 • See " The Weeldy Postmaster, Faithfully Communicating his In- 
 telligence of the Proceedings of Parliament, and many other Memorable 
 Passages, certified by Letters and Advertisements. Numb. 2." 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 259 
 
 end of their muskets, or set them upon the works 
 before Taunton, that so they may be shot by the 
 ordnance from the- town. They have also their dogs 
 to search out any of the inhabitants, who fly from 
 them to hide themselves in the woods, and no sooner 
 find them but they kill them, with many unheard of 
 cruelties which make one's heart [ache] to mention.' 
 
 May the 13 th from Marlborough it was certified 
 that the enemy's forces had fired divers houses in 
 those parts, took the lead off most of the churches, 
 and afterwards pulled them down. 
 
 As also the enemies in Wiltshire, that the sol- 
 diers belonging to the Devizes had burnt down Sir 
 Edward Bayntons house near the Devizes, being a 
 very stately and magnificent structure ; it cost fifteen 
 thousand pounds the building ; the iron- work about 
 this house being as near as big as Whitehall, cost 
 five thousand pounds. King James lay in it, it 
 being a palace fit to entertain a king. 
 
 Justice Drew's house in the Devizes Green is to 
 [be] pulled down. 
 
 May the 17fch letters certify that the King's forces 
 have burnt down divers houses between Oxford and 
 Bristol, fearing we would make garrisons of them, 
 as, particularly Serjeant Glanvill's house. Sir Wil- 
 liam Cawleys son's house, and Mr. Band^s, with 
 others, and caused other men to pull down their 
 houses, which, otherwise, they would have fired. 
 
 ' See Perfect Passages of each Baye's Proceedings in Parliament, 
 No. 27. 
 
 S 2 
 
260 NEEEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 May the 30th there came letters from Nottingham ; 
 here is some part of a copy : — 
 
 Sir, — Lichfield's forces, being about three hundred, 
 horse and foot, did lately in the night attempt to 
 plunder near Nottingham, entered the town, and fell 
 to plundering, but we beat them back with shame 
 and loss. On this present day Rupert and Maurice, 
 with about two thousand horse and foot, came into 
 Burton. Rupert quartered at Mr. Claries house, a 
 clothier, and Maurice at John Appleby's, a butcher. 
 This day there came a party of horse to Seckington, 
 two miles from Tamworth, to take up quarter for 
 the King's forces ; the parishioners, and some of the 
 adjacent villages gave the quarter-master, as they 
 agreed, five pounds, that they should not be troubled, 
 neither for quarter [nor] contribution money, nor to 
 be plundered ; yet, so cruel and faithless are their 
 promises, for, no sooner were they quartered at a 
 town near thereto, but warrants were sent, the sub- 
 stance as foUoweth : — 
 
 Nottingham, May 28, 1645. — To the Constables 
 of the parish of Seckington there haste post haste ; 
 These are to warn you that you, forthwith upon the 
 sight hereof, send in what provisions your parish 
 will afford to the garrison of Ashhy-de-la-Zouch, for 
 the use of his Majesty's army, and if you fail herein, 
 you must expect to be exposed to the plunder of the 
 hungry soldier. 
 
 May the 31st "was acted the loss of Lei- 
 cester, a great loss indeed, and ill-carried ; it was 
 taken just at the time, and by storming, and enter- 
 
BI8T0RICAL NOTICES. 261 
 
 ing at the same place, which a gentleman gave 
 notice three weeks before. It may come to light 
 who was in fault. The blood ran down the street, 
 and the Cavaliers were so drunk with wine they 
 found in Leicester, as well as with the blood of men, 
 women, and children, that they tumbled up and 
 down the street, many Ipng along in the streets 
 amongst the dead." ^ 
 
 In May there were fifty-three of our men sur- 
 prised in their quarters, and carried prisoners into 
 Oxford, and, as they went to prison, the cruel 
 enemy did cut, and hacked, and wounded our men 
 most cruelly, and these fifty-three men Sir Thomas 
 Fairfax hath exchanged, and sent up to London in 
 carts, and some of them are in the Hospital, and 
 are very honest, religious men, that are Suffolk men •, 
 (some came from Sudbury). It is said it was wrong 
 of their Captain, because he did not draw them off 
 at the time appointed. Such treacherous, careless 
 men there is among us ! 
 
 May the 31st, Saturday. — The enemy in the 
 morning entered the town of Leicester in several 
 places, when, for about three hours following, they 
 had a bloody encounter in the market-place, our 
 men betaking themselves to the houses, and did pelt 
 the enemy out of the windows. More were killed 
 in this fight than in the storm. They likewise 
 brought up their cannon to the cross, and did great 
 execution on the enemy. One letter says the chan- 
 nel thereabout ran down with blood, that the enemy 
 
 * Perfect Occurrences, the 25th Weeke. 
 
262 NEHEMIAH WALLINGTON'8 
 
 gave no quarter, but put all to the sword. The 
 number slain is uncertain as yet. The enemy, being 
 masters of the town, fell to plundering unmercifully, 
 making such lamentable devastation that they have 
 not left scarce any in the town either money or 
 victuals, clothes, goods, or moveables, to succour 
 them. The King came into Leicester on the Sunday, 
 and he hath since sent part of his army into Derby- 
 shire. The rest are plundering, and driving away 
 the horses and cattle in Leicestershire. Thus briefly 
 for the present I have given you some of Leicester- 
 shire's miseries. 
 
 By another letter, " There were many other 
 bloody outrages committed, the like scarce to be 
 paralleled, that, after they had entered the town, 
 they killed many that begged for quarter, and put 
 divers women very inhumanly to the sword. That, 
 after they had plundered the town, as is before ex- 
 pressed, they turned divers women and children out 
 of their houses into the open streets, almost stark 
 naked, and succourless, and some of them they com- 
 mitted to prison, where they be now in great misery. 
 They hanged Master Raynor, an honest, religious 
 gentleman, and another gentleman, a lawyer, in cold 
 blood. At Wigston two miles off Leicester, after they 
 had plundered the town, they most barbarously 
 murdered Mistress Burrowes, and 'two of her chil- 
 dren, her husband, a godly and religious divine 
 being then prisoner at Leicester, if not slain. A 
 great part of the plunder of Leicester, they have 
 carried into Newark. In storming of the town and 
 
EI8T0EICAL NOTICES. 263 
 
 the fight was (as we hear since, for certain) betwixt 
 two and three hundred slain." ' 
 
 June the 5th "we had the particulars of the 
 taking of Leicester, five hundred killed on both sides, 
 of which most were of the enemy's part. The num- 
 ber of those that are wounded are very many. 
 Fifteen hundred prisoners were taken by the enemy 
 in Leicester, 19 piece of ordnance, (13 that were of 
 old, and 6 lately sent thither). Three thousand 
 arms taken by the enemy. Two hundred barrels of 
 powder, part of which were of shopkeeper's powder 
 for their sale. Seven hundred horse that were of 
 the soldiers. A thousand and odd horse that 
 country people had brought in, hoping to secure 
 them by being there. Fifty cartload of plunder sent 
 out at one time, and many more afterwards. The 
 prisoners sent, some to Newark, and some to Ashhy- 
 de-la-Zouch, the rest kept in Leicester." " 
 
 It is confirmed that the miseries that the county of 
 Leicestershire hath suffered, and the losses, will not be 
 repaired these seven years. In the ruins of Leicester 
 you may behold a large map of misery, the towns- 
 men, from the richest to the poorest, being all of 
 them despoiled of their goods. The enemy are 
 about to make them unhabitable, and are pulling 
 down two parts of the town to make the rest impreg- 
 nable. AU the South-gate Street is already laid 
 waste, and they are demolishing apace several other 
 streets in the town. 
 
 ° Perfect Diurnall, No. 97. 
 
 '" Perfect Occurrences, the 23rd Weeke. 
 
264 NEHEMIAH WALLINGTON'8 
 
 Cruelties in Ireland. 
 
 June the 20th we are informed from Ireland " that 
 the rebels are nine thousand; Inchiquin not six 
 thousand ; and the Irish are extremely cruel to the 
 Protestants. In one town they have hanged sixty 
 Protestants, and some they have cut their tongues, 
 others their members, and have massacred men, 
 women, and children in a most bloody and barbarous 
 manner. 
 
 " And the King's soldiers in Ireland follow them 
 in their bloody actions, as when they look best, they 
 will take men and make them to kneel down upon 
 their knees, and swear by JESUS they were for the 
 King, then . . . they would never fight against the 
 
 King And when, out of reverence to the 
 
 Lord, some durst not so profane the name of G-od, 
 then they would with their swords hack and cut 
 them on the arms and sides; many of them that 
 have been so used are at Leicester, under the sur- 
 geon's hands. And is this for the liberty of the 
 subject, think you ? " " 
 
 June the 21st, " there came letters which certify 
 the cruel and barbarous actions of Gerhard in Pem- 
 brokeshire and the adjacent parts, among the rest, 
 that his horse have eaten up all, or most part, of the 
 corn on the ground, and that which they found in 
 barns unthrashed, and could not make use on, they 
 set fire on it, and burnt both corn and barn, and 
 divers other barbarous actions have they committed 
 
 " Perfect Passages, No. 35. 
 
HISTOBIOAL N0TIOE8. 265 
 
 in those parts, as hatli been certified under the 
 hands of the Committee. 
 
 "From Lincolnshire it is certified that the 
 Newarhers sent out a party of horse, commanded 
 by Capt. Wright, to fetch in contribution as far as 
 lAnsey Moor, and when they came to Fossedyhe, 
 though the water [was] very high, yet they sware 
 .... that they would [go] over. So they passed, 
 and some of them were sunk, and all of them were 
 fain to swim, and when they came to Linsey Marsh 
 they sent for the contribution by warrants, upon 
 penalty of plundering them, and carrying away all 
 they had, and otherwise threatening them with fire 
 and sword. The Newarkers did so threaten the 
 country people, that they brought in to Capt. Wright 
 an hundred pound, which was a great deal of money 
 to raise so suddenly in that place, which he took, 
 they thinking that he had been well satisfied there- 
 with ; yet, such was the enemy's cruelty that, after 
 they had received the same monies, they marched up 
 to Sir Edward AyscougKs house, and plundered 
 there, and so to divers other houses, in as great 
 cruelties as could be."^^ 
 
 July the 10th. — " Out of Pembrokeshire it was 
 certified that Gerhard hath been most barbarous in 
 those parts, and that particularly about St. Twinells, 
 Jameston, Penally, and many parts in Nafherth hun- 
 dred, his soldiers not being content with plunder of 
 the country, and carrying away what they could 
 make use of. They have spoiled, not only the corn, 
 
 ^ Perfect Passages, No. 35. 
 
266 NEEEMIAH WALLINQTON'S 
 
 but the fruit, the people's goods, set fire on their 
 houses .... and put some men and youths to the 
 sword." '^ 
 
 July the 25th, we had intelligence that the enemy 
 in Oxford have cut down aU the trees, both apple trees, 
 and other fruit trees, about Marston, and other places 
 near Oxford, and have fetched in aU the hay they 
 can get about the country, not so much that they 
 want it for their horse, but that we should have none 
 for ours when we come. 
 
 August 14, 1645. — Letters from Plymouth certify- 
 that the Turkish pirates, men of war, have landed in 
 Cornivall, about Foy, and that they have taken away 
 two hundred and forty (of English Christians) of the 
 Cornish men, women, and children, amongst which, 
 Mr. John Carew his daughter, that was cousin to 
 Sir Alexander Carew that was beheaded, and some 
 gentlewomen and others of note, and have carried 
 them away ; a very sad thing." 
 
 Of the King's Forces' cruelly plundering progress 
 through Lincolnshire, Huntingdonshire, and Bedford- 
 shire in a letter is expressed thus : — 
 
 " Sir, — It hath pleased God to cast us into a very 
 sad condition ; the King's army coming through our 
 country hath seized upon all men they could find, 
 and have taken away my master. He hath been 
 out with them a week, and is now about Worcester ; 
 they have had six hundred pound of onr town, and 
 yet they have taken away seven or eight prisoners, 
 
 '^ Perfect Passages, No. 38. 
 
 " See Perfect Occurrences, the 33rd Weeke. 
 
EISTOEICAL NOTICES. 267 
 
 Ed. Cutlibert, Junior, Clement Austin, Thomas Selhy, 
 Mr. Francis, and Cooper at the White Hart, Mat- 
 thew Bowles, and Henry Gough. All those that 
 were too confident of their mercies, now they find 
 by experience to be cruelties. I am persuaded 
 there is not such a generation of hell-hounds in the 
 world as they are, for plundering, . . . and swear- 
 ing, and drinking, and killing of one another in their 
 drunkenness. B'or my part, I durst not abide their 
 presence, but went out of the way. The rankest 
 Cavaliers now, both in town and country, say they 
 are like devils, rather than men ; all those that were 
 their friends did not hide themselves, nor their 
 horses ; but, now they have tasted their barbarous 
 cruelties ; they have at least a thousand of our 
 countrymen prisoners with them, and at least three 
 thousand horse out of our county, and Huntingdon- 
 shire. I believe that, where one that was for the 
 Parliament hath suffered a penny loss by them, their 
 own side hath suffered, some an hundred, some four- 
 score, some threescore, pounds. There was Gerhard's 
 regiment came through the town, but never came 
 within Mr. Restburys, nor Mr. Nethercoat's, nor 
 Mr. Johnsons houses, nor others for the Parliament, 
 which was a great Providence of God. My master 
 hath paid them down threescore pound upon his 
 own table before they carried away his person, no 
 man knows where, nor what hardship he endures, 
 which is a great grief to us. The King hath en- 
 riched himself more than at Leicester tenfold ; two 
 thousand resolved men would have beat him utterly. 
 
268 NEEEMIAH WALLINGTON'S 
 
 his men are so drunken, and so earnest for plun- 
 dering, 
 
 Oundle, August the 30th, it was particularly ad- 
 vertised that his Majesty, the Lord's day before, 
 entered the town of Huntingdon, and, with much 
 complimental bowing, saluted all his good friends 
 as he passed through the streets, and was enter- 
 tained with much expressions of joy and acclama- 
 tions, as had not been heard there. The Mayor of 
 Huntingdon, and two bailiffs of Godmanchester, and 
 their brethren, as a further acknowledgment of their 
 delight to see him, taxed the said towns at 5s., 10s., 
 and 15s. a man, (mean men) and others at far 
 higher rates, and presented his Majesty therewith 
 in lump, which Mayor, bailiffs, and forty -three others 
 of his brethren (most Royalists) for their loving 
 expression were carried away prisoners with the 
 army, and many others of that town and other 
 places, known friends to them, carried away and 
 forced to ransom themselves by money. 
 
 Presently after the King came in, proclamation 
 was made that, on pain of death, no soldiers should 
 plunder, and that full satisfaction should be made 
 to any who complained of such grievances. No 
 sooner was it made but they fell to plunder, carry- 
 ing out of divers shops and houses three and four 
 loads of goods, and ware apiece, amongst many, Mr. 
 Fulwood, an apothecary, and the two King's Wool- 
 len drapers can witness its truth, not leaving them 
 one bit of household stuff in their houses, or wares 
 in their shops. Every house was billetted, though 
 
EI8T0BICAL NOTICES. 269 
 
 never so poor, some 20 or 30 in a house, who were, 
 by special order, to provide both horse meat and 
 man's meat, and 12s. a day to each soldier to spend, 
 which was duly paid, though they were forced to 
 borrow it. In many quarters the soldiers fetched 
 in sheep of other men's, and the landlord pay them 
 four or five shillings apiece for them to dress them 
 for their use, or else swore they would spit their 
 children. Many houses were plundered to nothing, 
 so that tables, stools, bedsteads, and other com- 
 bustible things lie broken in every room after the 
 bedding, linen, pewter, and portable things [are] 
 carried out.- Very many people are not left worth 
 one penny. At their parting they drove away both 
 Huntingdon and Godmanchester herds of kine about 
 six or seven hundred, and made them pay a mark 
 apiece for every head before they had them again. 
 They left scarce a horse in either town, nor in any 
 other they marched through, so that the country 
 knew not how to get in their corn yet out. The 
 injuries of some particular men are many, and their 
 cruelties inflicted upon some by tying lighted matches 
 between their fingers and burning them, are too 
 many. They knocked off" the irons of all the felons, 
 and other prisoners in Huntingdon Gaol, which were 
 very many, and condemned men in law for gross 
 robberies and murders, who have all taken up arms 
 for his Majesty. 
 
 Colonel Gerard, in the presence of many honest 
 men, did openly profess at Huntingdon that the Par- 
 liament went about to take the crown and kingdom 
 
270 NEHEMIAE WALLINGTON'8 
 
 from the King, but tliey would take such a course 
 before they had done with it, that it should be left 
 scarce worth having ; and further wished that the 
 estate which he had in England was all of a fire, 
 for things would never be well till it came to that. 
 
 The King, to please the country, after many 
 thousand pounds worth of goods sent away without 
 any check, and many men undone, caused lots to be 
 cast between four who had pillaged a poor glover 
 in the town (one Gumber) of about five shillings, 
 and one to be hanged therefore, and, at his de- 
 parture, gave the town and county thanks for their 
 kind entertainment of him. One providence is 
 observable^ that divers of the best affected to the 
 Parliament have escaped with the least loss, and 
 many of the King's best friends have suffered most 
 in their persons and estates. Many of the Hunting- 
 donshire malignants are convinced of their errors in 
 supposing the King's army saints, but find them 
 more like devils. Some of our London malignants 
 are changed in judgement, being at Huntingdon, 
 and eye-witnesses of what was performed. 
 
 September the 8th, we had confirmation of the 
 Scottish forces their rising from Hereford, upon their 
 departure his Majesty came to Hereford, his forces 
 fell to their wonted course of plundering the country, 
 and some of the houses where the Scots quartered 
 they pulled down, others they burnt down, but plun- 
 dered them all. Honest men, that had never so Uttle 
 shewed themselves for the Parliament, were fain to 
 fly, and their wives and children turned out of all. 
 
EISTOniCAL NOTICES. 271 
 
 September the 15th "came letters out oi Shrop- 
 shire which certify how the Papists act there for 
 the King against the Protestants, as you may see 
 by the ensuing letter : — 
 
 " Sir, — Sir William Vaughan by a party from 
 the King received orders to execute much cruelty 
 by fire and sword in these parts, and, accordingly, 
 marched out with them to Bishop's Castle, which is 
 a place where are many honest, godly Christians, 
 and there they fired the Church and burnt the pews, 
 ■and spoiled the place purposely to prevent the people 
 from meeting there to hear those honest, godly, 
 Protestant Ministers that used to preach there. 
 And they also began to set fire of the town, and 
 burnt down four houses, but God' kept them from 
 doing so much hurt as they intended at first. And 
 from thence to Captain Mores, intending to burn 
 down his Manor House. But the Papists of those 
 parts, fearing that, if they went on in this manner 
 to destroy the country by fire and sword, that, after 
 they retreated, they should fare the worse for it, 
 they (for others could not be heard) prayed them 
 to cease, particularly Mr. HanndgtiS wife, and others, 
 who easily prevailed, and so Captain More's house 
 was not burnt. 
 
 " September the 9th, 1645." '^ 
 
 September the 15th. — There was a "certain [and 
 brief] relation of the late sufferings of a worthy and 
 honest gentleman in Northamptonshire by the enemy ; 
 
 ^ From Perfect Occurrences, the 39th Weeke. 
 
272 NEHEMIAS WALLINQTON'S 
 
 in short, thus : the King's forces at Banbury did 
 lastly carry loads of straw into the house of Mr. 
 Cartwright at Ayneho-on-the-Hill, in Northampton- 
 shire, four miles oiT Banhury, and set the straw on 
 fire, and burnt down, not only his own dwelling 
 house, being a very fair, goodly building, wherein 
 the King himself lodged after the battle of Edgehill, 
 but also burnt all the barns, stables, and out-houses 
 belonging to it, lest it should be made a garrison 
 by the Parliament, having heretofore plundered him 
 of 940 sheep and great store of rich household stufi", 
 and other goods and rents, to the value of above 
 eight thousand pounds."" 
 
 ^° Perfect Diurnall, No. 112. 
 
HI8T0BICAL NOTICES. 273 
 
 XLII. 
 
 Goring's Ceueltt in Devonshire — Sad Condition of the People 
 IN Cornwall — Sad News from Ireland. 
 
 We had intelligence that in this month of Sep- 
 tember, Goring marched out from Tiverton with six 
 thousand horse and foot, and seven pieces of ordnance, 
 and fell on Baunton, the first market-town bordering 
 upon Devonshire, in which town was no defence but 
 the inhabitants, who stood in their defence as they 
 were able, but, being overpowered, they were sub- 
 dued, the town was plundered, and great part of it 
 was burnt. The next morning, the enemy marched 
 to Mineiiead, where were' two foot companies of the 
 country, the enemies approaching, the most of them 
 fled, and eleven barks were thrust out to sea, filled 
 with people and goods before the enemy entered, 
 and those were safe, but all else in the town was 
 plundered wholly, and all the ships and barks that 
 were remaining in the harbour were burnt. They 
 killed and wounded many, and, amongst the rest. 
 Captain Jewell, to whom they used very much cruelty. 
 From thence they sent a party to plunder Watchet. 
 October the 12th, there came intelligence that 
 Wallingford's horse, being out, took six waggons 
 laden with cloth that was coming to London, robbed 
 them of all, left them nothing but bare waggons, 
 
 VOL. II. T 
 
274 NEHEMIAH WALLINOTON'S 
 
 and their lean oxen, witli which they came this day 
 to London. 
 
 November the 9 th, 1645, this sad condition of the 
 people in Cornwall was read at our Church Leonard, 
 Eastcheap, for a collection for them : — 
 
 This doth certify that there are many Cornish 
 families in Plymouth who, for their zeal to religion 
 and the Parliament have been three years exiled 
 their habitations, plundered of all their estates, have 
 eaten out their credit in a place of great straits, 
 many parents have rather silently languished under 
 their mortal extremities than suffer their children 
 to beg the streets, the most part have given more 
 bread at their doors in a day than they have now 
 to sustain their families a whole week. There are 
 many poor children fatherless and motherless, many 
 widows friendless, six orphans of one godly Minister, 
 and if God should now be pleased to open a way 
 for the return of these poor exiles, as we trust He 
 will, they have nothing left them, beyond the 
 charities of people, but bare walls, and raked ground 
 to live upon, whose sufferings have been so much 
 the more heavy, and are the more to be pitied by 
 how much their integrities have been more eminent 
 amidst a crooked people, for which they have endured 
 even incredible mischiefs, not only by their bad 
 neighbours, but chiefly by the Trench and Irish, 
 who, like ravening wolves, still worry in those parts. 
 Many wives have been forced to see the hanging 
 of their husbands, parents of their children, and 
 children of their parents, for not serving the cruel 
 
HISTOBICAL NOTICES. 275 
 
 commands of Sir Richard Greville, whose tyranny 
 had known no bounds, if the Lord, by a miracle of 
 Providence, had not stayed the execution of forty 
 parties sentenced to the gallows, the sixth that was 
 to be hanged breaking one new halter, and then 
 another, and then two twisted together without any 
 hurt upon him, 
 
 Janvary the 28th. — The Letters this day con- 
 firm the barbarous cruelty of the Cavaliers at Marl- 
 borough, where they burnt many houses, 
 
 plundered all, took many honest men prisoners, and 
 amongst the rest the Governor of the Devizes, who 
 deserved better. 
 
 February 4th. — From the west we had by letters 
 thus : That on January the 28th the muskets, 
 pikes, halberts, buUet, powder and match, was loaded 
 out of Launceston and the town soundly plundered, 
 the lead that was on the Church and the Town HaU 
 was pulled down and carried away, and all the cheese 
 and other provisions that they could find in the 
 town they plundered for the soldiers. 
 
 April the 8th [1646]. — -We received a letter 
 from Rutland of the most barbarous cruel exploits 
 (even worse than that of burying the men alive in 
 Shropshire)., And that which hath the emphasis, 
 they were our own soldiers. This cruelty was 
 exercised upon certain inhabitants of the town of 
 Medbom and for no cause save that they were not 
 wUling to have their houses taken from them, about 
 twenty were miserably wounded, hacked and hewed, 
 
 T 2 
 
276 NEHEMIAE WALLINGTON'S 
 
 and divers run througli the body .... some both 
 their hands cut off, divers are dead, others dying. 
 After, they went and assaulted the house of the 
 Minister, who hardly escaped with his life. If this 
 be not punished to the full can England ever look 
 for a blessing, or that God should ever end her 
 troubles ? Hereafter it's like you may see the tra- 
 gedy at large. 
 
 April the 9th. — " We had intelligence of the most 
 cruel and barbarous acts of the enemy, the one in 
 firing Bridgenorth, thus certified ; That our forces 
 in the town sending a summons to the castle, it 
 was accepted, and a treaty was to follow, but in 
 the interim the Governour sent out warrants to the 
 town to bring a month's provision into the castle, 
 which they being in no capacity to do, ours being 
 quartered in the town, they from the castle pre- 
 sently shot granadoes and fired and burnt down aU 
 the upper town except a very few houses. 
 
 "The other like cruel and merciless act of the 
 enemy was the burning of Farrington, which we 
 had also intelligence of this day that the enemy to 
 prevent our forces sheltering in the town have set it 
 on fire, and have burnt the greater part thereof." ' 
 
 June the 13th, 1646. — We had very sad, discon- 
 solate news from Ireland, that about six or seven 
 score of the rebels' horse fell on a dairy of the Earl 
 of Thomonds, they brake all the vessels, and drove 
 away about fifty cows, murdered a - man and a 
 woman, and burnt several houses. 
 
 ' From A PeYfect Diurnall, No. 141. 
 
HISTORICAL NOTICES. 277 
 
 And by letters we are assured of a great defeat 
 that the enemy hath given to the British forces ; 
 the manner is thus related :^ — June the 3rd, Major 
 General Munro drew out his forces in number of 
 horse and foot about 6000, and marched towards a 
 place called Benburgh, near which the enemy lay in 
 number about 9000. The next day, after a long 
 march, he faced the enemy, charged a part of them ; 
 they retreated to the woods for advantage, and also 
 ambuscaded the passages, but were beaten off, and 
 were pursued gallantly near to their main body. 
 Night overtaking, Monrow seconded a retreat, but 
 providence so ordered that in the night the enemy 
 fell on them unexpectedly, and with great 9,dvantage 
 being more in number by many did much hurt to 
 our men, but the alarm being taken the British 
 forces made ready, and there was a very great fight, 
 
 Monrow was routed and forced to fly This 
 
 tight was at a place called Blackwater, the Com- 
 mander of the enemy's forces was Owen Roe O'Neal. 
 We lost seven pieces of ordnance, 5000 arms, many 
 of the foot were slain in the fight, many were taken, 
 but presently put to the sword cruelly ; 600 horse 
 routed, whereof some were taken and slain. The 
 number slain and lost in all are about 5000, some 
 
 2 " One of the first most remarkable Occurrences in Ireland, was 
 that grand defeat received by the Scots under Major-G-eneral Monroe, 
 from Owen Boe O'Niel and the Irish at Benburgh, and the Black 
 Water aea,r .C?iarlemont, in the County of Ardmagh; touching which 
 tlie said Monroe expresseth himself in a Letter to the Soots Commis- 
 sioners at London,"— Bushworth. 
 
278 NEHEMIAE WALLINGTON'S 
 
 Lords were wounded or killed, as Lord Montgomery, 
 Lord Ards, Lord Blaney. 
 
 It is "an old saying, He that will England win, 
 must with Ireland first begin ; they have already 
 foully done too fair for that kingdom ; take timely 
 heed, oh England I 
 
EJSTOBICAL NOTICES. 279 
 
 XLIII. 
 
 Beheading of the King. 
 
 ♦ 
 
 ■January the 30th, 1649, about two o'clock, 
 was King Charles beheaded on a scaffold at White 
 Hall 
 
 Whatever may be unjust with men, God is 
 righteous and just in whatever He doth. 
 
 " They took Adonibezek, and cut off the thumbs 
 of his hands, and of his feet. And Adonibezek said, 
 Seventy Kings having the thumbs of their feet and 
 of their hands cut off, gathered bread under my 
 table ; as I have done, Grod hath rewarded me. So 
 they brought him to Jerusalem, and there he died." 
 — Judges i. 6, 7. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 Note A. — Vol. I., page 2. 
 
 Stukeley, an Englishman, a riotous Proc^igall, and vaine- 
 glorious fellow, who after he had consumed all his estate, 
 jetired into Ireland, having lost all hope of getting the Mar- 
 shallship of Wexford, and perceiuing himself to be despised of 
 euery one, and being unable to raise any commotion, after 
 belching vp most vnworthy reproches of his Princesse who 
 had done him many fauors, slipped over into Italie, to Pope 
 Pius the fifth, and by his flattering tongue, insinuated beyond 
 all credit into the fauour of this pernicious old man, who 
 breathed out the ruine of Queene Elizabeth, making great brags, 
 and promising that with three thousand Italians, he could 
 drive all the English out of Ireland, and burne the English 
 Fleet ; which he afterwards villainously attempted, but to his 
 own ruine. 
 
 "This yeere (1578) the Spaniard, and Pope Gregorie the 
 thirteenth, prouiding for their own profit, under shadow of 
 restoring religion, held secret counsell how at one time to inuade 
 both Ireland and England, and dispossesse Queene Elizabeth, 
 who was the surest defence of the Protestant Eeligion. 
 Those which know that the principall strength of England 
 consists in the Nauie Eoyall, and in Merchants' Shippes which 
 are built for Warre, thought it were good to fraught the Mer- 
 chants' Shippes for some long voyage by Italians and Flemmish 
 Merchants, and whilest they are upon their voyage, this Eoyall 
 Meet might be over- whelmed by a greater. At the same 
 time, Thomas Stukeley ioyned to his Forces, the Eebels of 
 Ireland, by this notable subtiltie. (The Pope) made him 
 Generall of eight thousand Italians payd by the King of /Spain 
 
2S2 APPENDIX. 
 
 for the Warres of Ireland. With which Forces, having -weighed 
 Anker .... in the end he arrived in Portugal — where a 
 greater power \>j the Diuine Prouidence, puft downe these 
 that threatened England and Ireland. 
 
 " For Sebastian, King of Portugal, to whom the whole expe- 
 dition was committed, because, in the heate of his youth and 
 ambition, he had promised the Pope to goe against the Turkes 
 and Protestants, and employ all his power, being drawn 
 into Africa by Mahomet, Sonne of Ahdalla, King of Fesse, by 
 great promises, treats with Stukeley to go before with these 
 Italians to Mauritaine. And Stukeley being easily wonne to 
 that, had consented to it, hoisted saile with Sebastian, and by 
 an honest Catastrophe there he ended a dissolute life, in a 
 memorable combate. Wherein dyed three kings, Sebastian, 
 Mahomet, and Abdalemelech." — Annalls : The True and Boyall 
 Sistm-y of the famous Empresse Elizabeth, Queene of England, 
 France, and Ireland. — Translated from the French by Abraham 
 Darcie. ] 626. 
 
 Note B. — Vol. I., page 3. 
 
 " The day that we looked for Stanley's arraignment he came 
 not himself, but sent his forerunner, one Squire, that had ben 
 an under purvayer of the stable, who, being in Spaine, was 
 delt withall by one Walpoole, a Jesuits, to poison the Quene 
 and the Erie of Essex, and accordingly came prepared into 
 England, and went with the Erie in his owne ship the last 
 jomey, and poisoned the armes or handles of the chaire he 
 used to sit in, with a confection he had receved of the Jesuits, 
 as likewise he had don the pommell of the Quene's saddle, 
 not past five dayes before his going to sea ; but because nothing 
 succeded of it, the priest thincking he had either changed his 
 purpose or bewraied it, gave Stanley instructions to accuse 
 him, thereby to get him more credit, and to be revenged of 
 Squire for breaking promise. The fellow confest the whole 
 practise, and, as it seemed, died very penitent." — Chamberlain's 
 Letters. Camden Society. 
 
APPENDIX. 283 
 
 Note C. — Vol. I., page 4. 
 
 " This causeless curse to Queen Elizabeth [i.e. the Excom- 
 munication by Pius v.] was turned into a blessing ; and as 
 the Barbarians looked, when St. Paid (having the viper upon 
 his hand) should have swoln, and falne downe dead, whilst he 
 shooke it off into the fire, without any hurt, or harm : so 
 Papists expected, when the Queen should have miserably ex- 
 pired, stung to the heart with this excommunication, when she, 
 nothing frighted thereat, in silence slighted, and neglected 
 it, without the least dammage to Her power, or person, and no 
 whit the less lov'd of Her subjects, or fear'd of Her enemies." 
 — Fuller's Church History. London, 1655. 
 
 Note D. — Yol. I., page 5. 
 
 " The said Palace, [Westminster] before the Entry there- 
 unto, hath a large Court, and in the same a Tower of Stone, 
 containing a Clock, which striketh every Hour on great Bell, 
 to be heard into the Hall in Sitting Time of the Courts, or 
 otherwise. For the same Clock, in a (.^alm, will be heard into 
 the City of London. King Henry the Sixth gave the keeping of 
 this Clock, with the Tower, called The Gloelc House, and the 
 Appurtenances, unto William Walsby, Dean of St. Stephens, 
 with the Wages of six Pence the Day, out of his Exchequer. 
 
 " It was first built and furnished with a Clock, out of a 
 Fine which one Justice Ingham was fain to pay, being 800 
 Mark, for crazing a Eoll. For that a poor Man being fined 
 in an Act of Debt at 13s. Ad. the said Justice, moved with 
 Pity, caused the Eoll to be erazed, and made it 6s. 8d. This 
 Case Justice Southcote remembered, when Catlyn Chief Justice 
 of the King's Bench in the Eeign of Queen Elizabeth, would 
 have ordered a Eazure of a Eoll ; Southcote being one of the 
 Judges of that Court, utterly denyed to assent to it, and said 
 openly. That he meant not to build a Clock House." — Strype's 
 Stow' 8 Survey. London, 1720. 
 
284 APPENDIX. 
 
 Note E.— Vol. I., page 10. 
 
 With regard to the limitations put -upon the press, see " A 
 Decree of Star Chamber concerning Printing, made the 
 Eleventh day oi July last past, 1637," forbidding, under heavy 
 penalties, the printing, or the sale, of any unlicensed books ; 
 and specifying the peisons who alone were authorized to give 
 licenses ; for books of " Divinity, Physick, Philosophy, Poetry," 
 they were the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Bishop of London, 
 or one appointed by them ; also the Chancellor and Vioe-Chan- 
 cellor of the two Universities, for the time being. See Eush- 
 worth's Historical Collections, part ii. vol. ii. pp. 306-315. 
 
 The petition in the Litany, "from the tyranny of the 
 Bishop of Borne, and all his detestable enormities," was ex- 
 punged at the revision of the second Prayer-Book of Ed- 
 ward VL, at the accession of Elizabeth. Perhaps it was to 
 this that the writer refers. 
 
 Many who were strongly attached to the Church of England 
 took alarm at the innovations at that time creeping in. The 
 following extract from " A Convocation Speech, by Mr. Thomas 
 Warmstry, one of the Clerks for the Diocesse of Worcester," 
 affords an instance of this : — 
 
 " I disrellish neither the Doctrine, nor the Discipline, nor 
 the government of the Church. Not the Doctrine, I embrace 
 it heartily; and I conceive the Church of England may be 
 herein the patteme of the world : and that if ever any Church 
 had taken that living water clearly and purely from the fon- 
 taine, it is the Church of England. Not the Discipline, I 
 entertaine it willingly, so farre as it is established by law : 
 I wish indeed there might bee no private Innovations. I love 
 outward reverence in God's worship, so that it be directed to 
 the right object ; not to Altars ; not to Images ; but to God. 
 I love all Ceremonies that truly tend thereunto, or to decency, 
 or to. uniformity, which I acknowledge to be most necessary 
 in religious actions. But I desire that in affectation of reve- 
 rence, wee breed no contempt ; that in contrivances of decency, 
 we bring in no blemishes : That the Church may not seeme 
 to bee infected with the humours of some women in this agOj 
 
APPENDIX. 285 
 
 that never think themselves handsomely drest, but when they 
 are in some new and fantasticall fashion : That while we 
 endeavour Vniformity, wee do not multiply division. We- 
 may be so busie in drawing the two ends together, that 
 we may break the staffe in the midst. That wee bee not so 
 carefull to preserve Vniformity with others that are without, 
 that wee make di.ssentions within our owne Church. The 
 truth is, I wish there might be nothing scandalous, nothing 
 frivolous in the Church. Nothing scandalous, not so much as 
 a title. Though I love the sacrifice of Almes, and Praise, and 
 I hope should not refuse me selfe to be a sacrifice unto God, 
 - though a burnt one ; yet I know no need of any materiall 
 Altar ; because I know no materiall Sacrifice, but that Eternall 
 Sacrifice of Christ upon the Crosse. And though it may be 
 ui'ged, that the Piimitive Church used the name of Altar for 
 the holy Table, yet that makes it neither necessary nor war- 
 rantable for us to doe the like ; unless together with the lan- 
 guage we could call back the purity, the simplicity of the 
 Primitive times. Now things are ill interpreted, it concernes 
 us to be more cantelous; lest if not now, yet in after ages our 
 language may be urged for the confirmation of Heresie, when 
 it cannot be answeied for us, as we may answer for the Pri- 
 mitive times. That the Heresies were not then broacht, and 
 therefore the speech more loose. It is a dangerous thing to 
 give an Heresie the advantage of a Metaphor, which the Devill 
 wants n')t skill in tihie to reduce back unto the killing letter. 
 Besides, the language of the Scripture and the Apostles is the 
 most pure and the most ancient language of the Primitive 
 Church ; and we read of no Altar there after Christ, but the 
 Altar of the Crosse, or Clirist crucified. I desire there may 
 bee nothing scandalous : I wish the true Image of God in 
 Eighteou.«ness and true Holinesse may be restored in the 
 spirituall Temples of our soules. But I desire, at least, an 
 abatement in the number, and limitation, for the manner and 
 situation of Images in the materiall Churches, because I doubt 
 
 they are scandalous to all sorts 
 
 " And as I desire there may bee nothing scandalous in the 
 Church, so there may be nothing frivolous, or irrationall, 
 that our service may be a reasonable service. I know not 
 
286 APPENDIX. 
 
 why we should have candles in the day time. I wish there 
 may not be so much as an Embleme of a fruitlesse Prelacy, or 
 Clergy in the Church, that only fill the candlestick, but give 
 no light. I love ornaments in the Church, so that they be not 
 toyish or theatricall. I hold it very fit that God, as he is the 
 
 author of our riches, so he should be served with them 
 
 Yea, an holy congregation is the best furniture of the Church. 
 I wish our speciall care may be for this, and then let the 
 outward adornation, as farre as grave and decent, not be 
 neglected." — '■^London, Printed in the Yeare] 1641." — King's 
 Pamphlets. 
 
 Note F. — Vol. I., page 11. 
 
 " Amongst the celestiall comminations or threatenings of 
 God's hand, and imminent scourge, the flaming and fearefuU 
 Comets challenge not the last place, for these doe presage 
 both warres and slaughters, with a certaine and almost ever 
 answering event ; witnesse that most reported Comet, rubescens 
 ferali crine, which appeared above seven weeks, provoking all 
 men to gaze upon it 
 
 " Touching this ostent of the divine power, namely, the 
 unlookt for apparition, the strange progression or course, the 
 sudden vanishing, and the production of the toyle thereof. 
 What need I speake ? . . . . 
 
 " Three things onely in this Comet were most wonderfuU. 1 . 
 The head's circumference or com'passe. 2. The beard's prolixity 
 or length. 3. The sublimity or height of the scituation thereof. 
 
 " 1. The head, or round heape of stars, to the unlearned in- 
 visible, was of so vast a compasse, that no man hardly in two 
 moneths, travelling forty miles a day, could run round about it. 
 
 "2. The beard is extended in its length to fifty degrees, 
 that is, above halfe a Signe. 
 
 " The scituation was not only superlunary, or above the 
 Moone, but also supersolary, or above the Sun. 
 
 "The Comet in 1618 was fatall to the Emperor Matthias, and 
 Anne Queene of Brittaine, she departed to the Seats of the blessed 
 Soules, March 2, 1619. March 10, Stilo Anglice."—" The Mathe- 
 
APPENDIX. 287 
 
 maticall Divine, shewing The present Miseries of Germany, 
 England, and Ireland. Being The Effects portended by the 
 last Comet or blazing Starre, of a dreadfull greatnesse, and in 
 forme of a crooked sword, which was seene with great 
 Admiration in Eoeope. Anno 1618. London, 1642." — King's 
 Pamphlets. 
 
 Note G. — Vol. I., page 11. 
 
 " Since that last flaming Usher of God's vengeance, that 
 direfuU Comet of the year 1618, appeared in the heavens, 
 some malignant and angry ill-aspected star hath had the pre- 
 dominance ever since, and by its malign influxes, made strange 
 tmnsuall impressions upon the humors of subjects, by inciting 
 them to such insurrections, revolts, and tumults ; which caused 
 a Jewish Eabbi to say lately, that it seems the grand Turh 
 thrives extraordinarily in his devotions, it being one of his 
 prime prayers to Mahomet that hee should prevaile with God 
 Almighty to continue discentions still among Christian Princes. 
 And truly, as the case stands,- one may say, that the Christian 
 world is all in pieces. . . . Since you mention that blazing 
 Starre, I remember what a noble knight told me some yeeres 
 agoe, That the Astronomers, who lay sentinell to watch the 
 motion and aspect of that Comet, observed that having pointed 
 at divers Climats, at last it seemed to looke directly on these 
 North-west Islands, in which posture it spent itselfe, and so 
 extinguish'd ; as if thereby it meant to tell the world that 
 these Inlands should be the Stage whereupon the last act of 
 the Tragedie should be play'd. And how many Scenes have 
 passed already, both here and in Ireland, we know, Gpd wot, 
 by too too wofuU experience." — The Trve Informer; Oxford, 
 printed by Leonard Lichfield, Printer to the Universitie. 
 1643. — King's Pamphlets. 
 
 Note H. — Vol. I., page 15. 
 
 "Now hapned the sad Vespers, or dolfull Evening-song at 
 Blade Fryers in London : Father Drury a Jesuite of excellent 
 Morals, and ingratiating Converse (wanting nothing, saving 
 
288 APPENDIX. 
 
 the embracing of tlie trutli, to make him valuable in himself 
 and aoceptable to others) Preached in a great upper-Eoom in 
 Black Fryers, next to the house of the French Amhassadour, 
 where some Three Hundred persons were assembled. His Text 
 the 18 Chap, of S. Matthew, ver. 32, thou ungracious servant/ 
 I forgave th^e all the debt because thou desiredst me, shouldst not 
 thou also have had compassion on thy fellow servant ? &c. In 
 application whereof, he fell upon a bitter invective against 
 the Protestants. 
 
 " His Sermon began to incline to the middle, the Day to 
 the end thereof; when on the soddain the More fell down 
 whereon they were assembled. It gave no charitable warning- 
 groan before-hand, but crackt, brake, and /eZZ, all in an instant. 
 Many were killed, more bruised, all frighted ; sad sight to 
 behold the flesh and blood of different persons mingled to- 
 gether, and the brains of one on the head of another. One 
 lackt a leg, another an arm ; a third whole and intire wanted 
 nothing but breath stifled in the ruines. Some Protestants 
 coming meerly to see, were made to suffer, and bare the heavy 
 burden of their own curiosity. 
 
 " This accident fell on Sunday, the 26 of October, which, 
 according to the new style observed beyond sea (having the 
 speed of ours by ten daies) fell upon their fifth of November ; 
 a day notoriously known in the Popish Calender." — Puller's 
 Church History. 
 
 " The preacher was one Drury, a converted Protestant. Pie 
 inveighed bitterly against Luther, Calvin, and Doctor Sutton, a 
 reverent preacher sometime of St. Mary Overy's, in London, 
 who, travelling beyond the seas, was drowned. This preacher 
 said that the sea swallowed him, because he was not worthy the 
 earth should receive him. At which words the house sank." 
 — Diary of Walter Yonge, Esq., p. 70. Camden Society. 
 
 " Since the Sicilian Vespers, there never was an Even-song 
 more dolorous unto the French, nor more lamentable unto the 
 Scots and English."— Stow. 
 
APPENDIX. 289 
 
 Note I. — Vol. I., page 24. 
 
 "Mortis, 24° Nov. 1640. — One Mr. Norton, a Divine, was 
 called in, and examined ; and, to divers Questions, demanded 
 of him by Mr. Speaker, answered, that he had a Son at Cam- 
 hridge ; and certain Fellows of Peterhouse endeavoured to seduce 
 him to Popery ; pretending, that Dr. Cosens would make him 
 a Fellow of Peterhouse, if he would come thither : — Thus much 
 appeared upon Oath : — And he was forced to send for his Son 
 away, — Said, he hath a Copy of the Arguments that passed 
 between them and his Son : That the Questions in Peter- 
 house Chapel are maintained and held, as they are at Mome : 
 And instanced several of the Questions. 
 
 " Doctor Ooesens' Monita pro Sacello Collegii Sancti Petri Canti- 
 hrigia, were read ; and the whole Business, concerning Mr. 
 Norton, and those Monita and Dr. Coesens, were referred to the 
 former Committee for Smart's Petition." — Commons' Journals. 
 
 [The writer seems to have mistaken the name of the Master 
 of this College, for Andiew Perne only held that office to 
 1589. He built the Library of Peterhouse, which probably 
 brought his name into prominence at the time to which allu- 
 sion is made. See Le Keux' Memorials of Cambridge: Peter- 
 house College, page 8.] 
 
 "In a speech delivered by the vice-chancellor, not many 
 years ago, in a public commencement at Cambridge, speaking 
 to the young scholars, and wishing them to take heed of being 
 puritans, he said. What can you get in that way ? you shall 
 . live poorly, perhaps you may have some three-halfpenny bene-; 
 fice in following them ; but come to be children of the church, 
 and then you may be sure of good benefices, you may come 
 to be pj'ebends, to be deans, to be bishops. Thus he persuac^d 
 the young scholars to take heed of puritanism^ There is mighty 
 strength in this argument upon the hearts of most." — Bur- 
 roughs on Sosea, p. 85. Nichol's edition, Edinbujgh, 1863. 
 
 Note J.— Vol. I., page 28. 
 
 For an account of the controversy, " whether the table placed 
 in the room of the altar ought to stand altar-wise," see 
 VOL. II. TJ 
 
290 APPENDIX. 
 
 Wheatly's Bational Illustration of the Booh of Common Prayer of 
 the Church of England, p. 263. Bohn's edition, London, 1848. 
 
 Note K. — Vol. I., page 30. 
 
 "Yea, tliat cage of most unclean birds, SommersetSouse, I 
 mean, in tlie Strand, cleansed in good measure of those Egyptian 
 croaking Frogs, the filthy Capuchin Fryers and Priests, who 
 lay lurking there too long, like so many muzled Wolves and 
 Tygers." — Vicars' Jehovah Jireh. London, 1644. 
 
 "A Chappell at Somerset-House was built for the Queen and 
 her Family, with Conveniences thereunto adjoyning for Capu- 
 chin Friers, who were therein placed, and had permission to 
 walk abroad in their Eeligious Habits. Thence forward greater 
 multitudes oi Seminary Priests and Jesuites repaired unto England 
 out of Foreign parts." — Mushworth. 
 
 " It is said that since the Queen came into England, the 
 priests do swarm very much in London." — Diary of Walter 
 Yonge, Esq., 1 625. Camden Society. 
 
 " You heard the last weeke of an Order made by the Lower 
 House, for siezing on the Queene's Capuchines, and defacing 
 the Crucifixes and other Images in her Chappell at Somerset- 
 House ; Master Martyn and Sir Peter Wentworth being appointed 
 to see it put in execution. But when the deed was to be 
 done. Master Langham, who is Sheriffe for Middlesex, pleading 
 that he had the Posse Comitatus to assist him, if occasion were, 
 would not admit of the Militia of the Citie to be joyned with 
 him, as derogatory to his place and power : and as for the per- 
 formance of the Order required of him, that unlesse a Pre- 
 cedent could be shewed him, wherein an Order made by the 
 House of Commons, and in a businesse of high nature, had 
 beene executed in the times before, he would desire to be 
 excused from yielding obedience to it now. Upon which 
 Answer, being so crosse to their desires, they were the more 
 content to hearken to the motion of the French Agent, who, upon 
 notice of their purpose, interceded in it, as being contrary to 
 the Articles of the marriage, and an apparent breach of peace 
 between the Kingdomes." — Mercurius Aulicus, March 20, 1642. 
 
 Thursday, March 30, 1643. — "By order of Parliament this 
 day, a Court of Guard was placed upon Somerset House for the 
 
APPENDIX. 291 
 
 apprehending of the Popish Piiests and Tryers that Ij-e lurk- 
 ing there, and the Queen's Chappell and the Komish Cloysters 
 searched least any provisions or armes should he conveved 
 thither to assist the Malignants and Popish party in London, 
 the Idolatrous pictures and Crucifixes found there were de- 
 molished by the Souldiers, and a strict course taken to search 
 all the Vaults in case there should be any provisions or Trea- 
 sure hid there as is supposed, and the Priests or other Papists 
 found there are kept in safe custody till a further Order af 
 Parliament for the dispose of them." — Perfect Diurnall. 
 
 Wednesday, April 15. — "The Parliament received letters 
 this vpeeke from the French King, by which he seemeth dis- 
 pleased at the coarse usage of the Capuchin Fryers in Somer- 
 set-house, and complaineth that it is a bi-each of the Articles 
 upon the Marriage of his Sister. "Whereupon the Parliament 
 upon consideration of the businesse have againe ordered that 
 the said Fryeis and some others of them that lye in Newgate 
 should be shipped, and sent away this weeke without any 
 further let for France or other forraigne parts. And the 
 Houses also are about to send a letter to the French King in 
 full satisfaction to his demands." — Ibid. 
 
 KoTE L. — Vol. I., page 31. 
 
 A small book entitled " The Femall Glory ; or the Life 
 and Death of our Blessed Lady, the holy Virgin Mary, God's 
 owne immaculate Mother : To whose sacred Memory the Aiithor 
 dedicates these his humble endeavours. A Treatise worthy 
 the reading, and meditation of all modest women, who live 
 under the Government of Vertue, and are obedient to her 
 Lawes. By Anth. Stafford, Gent. — London, printed by Thomas 
 Harper, for John Waterson, and are to be sold at his Shop 
 in Paul's Churchyard, at the signe of the Crowne. 1636." 
 It was illustrated with pictures. The book was severely 
 handled by Mr. Henry Burton, Minister of St. Matthew's, 
 Friday Street, in a Sermon entitled " For God and the 
 King," preached on November 5, 1636, in the following 
 terms: — " Adde wee hereunto another Booke, intitled tlie 
 Female Glory, by Anthony Stafford, printed by authority, 1635. 
 
 U 2 
 
C9L' APPENDIX. 
 
 Wherein heo mightily deifies the Virgin Mary, calling her The ' 
 grand white immaculate Abbesse of the Snowie Nunneries of 
 those votaries, to whom Jiee speakes, before whom hee would 
 hane them to Icneele, presenting the All-saving lahe in her armes, 
 with due veneration. Loe heere a change of our God into a 
 Goddesse. And there ^ hee commends the Sacred Arethmitich 
 in praying on their heades. And pag. 153 hee commends Candle- 
 inas day for the Lights burning, and Masse singing, taken from 
 the Heathen guise, and converted into Christian. And That which 
 was performed by Superstitious Idolaters in honour of Ceres and 
 Proserpine (Heathen Goddesses) may be turned into the prayse 
 and glory of the Virgin Mary. And pag. 209. The Assumption 
 of his Lady is set forth with a picture, liow shee is taken up into 
 Heaven with Verses. And pag. 212 Hee seemes to hold the 
 Virgin Mary to have beene without sinne. And pag. 219, 220 
 1 Fee boldly beares himself upon the approbation of the Cliurch of 
 Ungland, in magnifying the Virgin Mary, as considered, not as 
 a meere woman, but as a type and idea of an accomplisht piety. 
 And page 158 of Sanctity its selfe. And pag. 220 hee preferres 
 the crown of the adoring extreme, before the Puritans neglecting 
 of her in calling her Mai, God's mayd, and rejecting Hayle Mary 
 full of grace. And pag. 223 hee saith, Of one thing I will assure 
 them. Till they are good Marians, they shall never bee good Christians. 
 And pag. 235 Of sundry Grandees, hee saith, All which are 
 canonized for Saints, having erected and dedicated Temples to her 
 memory. Neither have the Princes of this our lie beene defective in 
 doing her all possible honour, and in Consecrating Chappels and 
 Temples to her memory. And ibid. : My arithmeticke will not serve 
 me, to number all those, who have registered their names in (he 
 Sodality of the Bosnry of this our blessed Lady : the originall is 
 derived from the battaile of Naupactum gained by John of 
 Austria, and the Christians, which victory was attributed to 
 the intercession with her Sonne. And pag. 236 hee recites 
 the many holy orders of this Sodality, styling them. Great, 
 worthy and pious people, and concludes thus, For shame, let 
 not us dare deny her that honour and prayse which all the 
 world allowes her. And pag. 274 he Invocates her, saying, 
 pardon, gratious Princesse, my weake indeavours to summe 
 ' Pag. 148. ' Pag. 157. 
 
APPENDIX. 293 
 
 tip they value, &c. And pag. 248. Thou deservest a Quire 
 of Queens here, and another of Angels, in heaven to sing ihy 
 prayses, &c. And I confesse, O mj'- sweetest Lady. And 
 pag. 249. To give thee an estimation answerable to thy 
 merit, is a thing impossible, I must theri-fure be cotent to do 
 by thee, as the ancient heathen did by the images of their 
 gods, when by reason of their height they could not place the 
 Crownes, they humbly lay^-tbem at their feet : many more 
 passages might be added: as pag. 150, he cals her woman's 
 deerest mistrisse. And pag. 32 a glorious Empresse. And 
 pag. 3 Empresse of this lower world. And pag. 2 If Christ was 
 faire above the Sons of men, should not shee b^e so above their 
 daughters ? And in his Epistle to his feminine reader, speaking 
 of the Virgin Mary, This is shee, who was on earth a confirmer of 
 the good, and a reformer of the reprobate. Al her visitants were 
 but so many converts, whose bad affections, and erroneous opinions, 
 the sweetness of her discourse had rectified. Tlie Leprosy of sinne 
 was her dayly cure, and they, whom vice had blinded were by her 
 restored to their inward sight, and their prostrate soules adored 
 divine, Majestical vertue, residing in this sacred Temple. The 
 knowledge of her humbled the most proud natures, far the lustre of 
 her merits rendered their owne obscure. And in his Epistle to the 
 Masculine Eeader : Truly I believe, that the under-valuing of one 
 so great, and deare in Christ's esteeme (as his Mother) cannot but 
 bee displeasing to him, and that the more we ascribe to her {setting 
 invocation apart) the more gracious we appeare in his sight. And 
 hee concludes it thus : I will only adds this that since the finishing 
 of this Story, I have read a booJce of the now Bishop of Chichester, 
 intituled Apparatus, dc, and I am glad to find that I have not 
 digressed from him in any one particular. So hee. Loe therefore 
 what a Metamorphosis of our Religion is here. Here is a new 
 goddesse brought in amongst us. The author glurieth, that 
 hee is the first wlio hath written (as hee saith) in our vulgar tongue, 
 on this our blessed Virgin. And God grant he be the last. But 
 he beares himself in all this upon the Church of England, 
 where, I pray you ? At last I perceive this Church of England 
 is the now Bishop of Chichester in his Apparatus, &c. From 
 whom he hath not digressed in any particular. And surely it 
 were strange that such a mystery of iniquity could bee found. 
 
2t)4 APPENDIX. 
 
 but in a Prelate, and in this one by name fur a frj'ed Champion 
 of iJome, and so a devout votary to bis Queene of Heaven." 
 
 Prynne, in bis Ganterbarie's Doom (London, printed by John 
 Macock, for Michael Sparlc senior, at the sign of tbe Blue Bible 
 in Green Arbour, 1646), thus refers to the Book and to tbe 
 Sermon upon it : — 
 
 "This booke oi Stafford's giving very great scandall to Pro- 
 testants, and encouragement to Papists, Mr. Henry Burton, in 
 bis Sermon intituled For God and the Kinij, pages 123, 124, 125, 
 discovered, censured these extravagant Popish Passages in it, 
 advising the people to beware of it. For which among other 
 things, he was brought into the Star Chamber and there cen- 
 sured. But on the contrary, this Popish Booke of Stafford's 
 with the forementioned scandalous passages in it, were by the 
 Archbishop's speciall direction professedly justified, both by 
 Doctor Heylin in his Moderate Answer to Mr. Burton, (licensed 
 by the Arch-bishop's owne Chaplaine, and written by his com- 
 mand) pag. 123, 124, and by Christopher Dow, in this Innovations 
 unjustly charged, page 51, 54, and this Booke neither called in 
 nur corrected, so audatifmsl}' Popish was he growne, in this 
 particular, among many others." 
 
 In Bobert Baillie's Letters and Journals (printed for the 
 Bannatyne Club, 1841), a reference occurs to the same book. 
 " Search who is about; the Prince, if they be orthodoxe, and if 
 
 any of the chaplains be honest ; if Stafford's Female 
 
 Glorie was never hmnt."— Instruction to Mr. Alexander Cun- 
 ninghame, vol. i. p. 227. 
 
 Note M.— Vol. I., page 50. 
 
 " Famous and memorable also is that example which hap- 
 pened at London in the yeare 1583 at Paris Garden, where, 
 vpon the Sabbath day, were gathered together (as accustoniably 
 they vsed) great multitudes of prophane people to behold the 
 sport of Beare-baiting, without respect of the Lord's day, or 
 any exercise of Eeligion required therein : which prophane 
 impietie, the Ijord that be might chasten in some sort, and 
 show his dislike thereof, he cau.sed the scaffolds suddenly to 
 breake, and the beholders to tumble headlong downe ; so that 
 
APPENDIX. 295 
 
 to the number of eiglit persons, men and women, were slaine 
 therewith, besides many others which were sore hurt and 
 bruised, to the shortening of their days."— TAe Theatre of God's 
 Jvdgements. — By the first Aulhor thereof, Tho. Beaed, Doctor 
 of Diuinitie, and Preacher of the Word of God in the Towne of 
 Huntingdon. London, 1G32. 
 
 Note N. — Vol. I., page 52. 
 
 This fire " began in a Malt house, by negligence of a maj'de," 
 as we read in Stowe's Annates. The Rev. William Whatelj', the 
 " painful Preacher of Banbury," was the Vicar at the time, 
 and he held a Special Service on the occasion, at which he 
 preached fur two hours. He subsequently published his Ser- 
 mon, entitled " Sinne no more, or a Sermon preached in the 
 Parish Church of Banbury on Tuesday the fourth of March last 
 past, vpon occasion of a most Terrible Fire that happened there 
 on the Sabbath day immediately precedent. London, 1638." 
 
 We subjoin an extract, which reminds us of the clear and 
 vigorous style of the late Archbishop of Dublin, his kinsman. 
 
 " Carelessnesse and negligence of any person could not haue 
 produced so lamentable a losse, if God's providence had not so 
 disposed, that such negligence should haue falne out, at such 
 a time, in such a rough and violent winde, sitting in such a 
 point as to driue it vpon you, not from you. The Lord that 
 knew the winds would then bee very boysterous and violent, 
 and that they would sit fitly to carie the flame from house to 
 house, euen til they had passed through al the places which 
 be saw fit to strike, hee, I say, by his good providence, did 
 order things so that the heedlessnesse of some or other should 
 then giue occasion, to the breaking out of the fire, when the 
 frosty winde had made each thing as dry almost as tinder to 
 receiue fire, and when the present tempest was ready to scatter 
 and disperse the fire . . . (the fire) came riding as it were in 
 triumph, through your streetes, disdaining all resistance, till 
 it had passed from end to end of your towne, and could not 
 be restrained . . . The cry of fire, fire, came flying in at the 
 church doores euen in that instant, when wee had newly be- 
 gunne to celebiate the Lord's Supper; when some had receiued 
 
296 APPENDIX. 
 
 that holy Sacrament, and the greater number were to receiue, 
 then was I compelled to request all of you (that had strength 
 and ability to do seruice there) to make al haste to the place 
 of danger, and the rest (that could haue but troubled others 
 with their presence and outcries) to stay still at church . . . 
 Thinke of the place also, where did the burning beginne? 
 At a kilne, I say a kilne, a mault forge, the proper instrument 
 of making that thing, which is the next and immediate worker 
 of drunkennesse, that huge sinne, which is (as they say of the 
 first matter) apt to take the formes of all sinnes, which by 
 burying reason, and choking conscience, and setting loose all 
 passions, doth tume a man into a beast, or rather into a Diuell, 
 which makes a man for the time a meere Atheist, a very de- 
 nyer of God, and thrusts out of his brest all remembrance, 
 all feere, all loue of him . . . The Fire began in a kilne, it 
 consumed twenty kilnes, it left no kilne standing that was 
 within its walke, it leaped from one side of the street to the 
 other, to fetch in kilnes, it spared none it came neere, it 
 spoyled more mault, then of any other goods of one kind 
 (so farre as I can learne). Say what you thinke, brethren. Is 
 it not plain that the Lord doth admonish you of that fault 
 (whereof the liquor of mault is the most common instru- 
 ment) when he bare so hard a hand against kilnes and 
 against mault? Give mine eyes leaue, therefore, to speake 
 unto you in the language of teares, and seeing I heard so 
 generall a cry for water, water, the other day : let me also 
 cry water, water ; and let all our eyes ioyne together, to 
 powre forth a streame of water, sufficient to quench the re- 
 mainder of those flames which are yet burning amongst 
 you; yea, to quench the glowing fire of God's displeasure 
 for our sinnes, which hath iustly kindled all these flames 
 amongst us." 
 
 Note 0. — Vol. I., page 54. 
 
 " There were no rates for the poor in my grandfather's days ; 
 but for Kingston St. Michael (no small parish) the Church-Ale 
 of Whitsuntide did the business . . . The Church- Ale is doubt- 
 less derived from the 'AyaTrat or Love Feasts, mentioned in 
 
APPENDIX. 297 
 
 the New Testaments." — Aubrey's Introduction to the Survey, &c., 
 of Wiltshire. 
 
 " It appears from a Sermon made at Blanford Forum, 1670, 
 by William Ketlie, that it was the custom at that time for the 
 Church-Ales to be kept upon the Sabbath-day; which holy 
 day, says our author, the multitude call their revelyng day, 
 which day is spent in bulbeatings, bearebeatings, bowlings, 
 dicyng, cardyng, -daunsynges, drunkenness, &c." — Brand's 
 Popular Antiquities, i. 278. London, 1849, Bohn's edition. 
 
 Stubbs, in the Anatomie of Abuses, 1685, p. 95, gives the fol- 
 lowing account of the manner of Church-Ales in England : — " In 
 certaine townes, where drunken Bacchus beares swaie, against 
 Christmas and Easter, Whitsondaie, or some other tyme, the 
 churchewardens of every parishe, provide halfe a score or 
 twentie quarters of mault, whereof some they buy of the 
 churche stocke, and some is given them of the parishioners 
 themselves, every one conferring somewhat, according to his 
 abilitie ; whiche maulte being made into very strong ale or 
 bere, is sette to sale, either in the church or some other place 
 assigned to that pu.rpose. Then when this is set abroche, well 
 is he that can gete the soonest to it, and spend the most at it. 
 In this kinde of practice they continue sixe weekes, a quarler 
 of a yeare, yea, halfe a yeare, together. That money, they 
 say, is to repaire their churches and chappels with, to buy 
 bookes for service, cuppes for the celebration of the Sacrament, 
 surplesses for Sir John, and such other necessaries. And they 
 maintaine other extraordinarie charges in their parish besides." 
 
 " On the Coteswolds is a customary annual meeting at Whit- 
 suntide, vulgarly called an Ale, or WMisun-Ale. Perhaps the 
 true word is Tule, for in the time of Druidism, the feasts of 
 Yule or the Grove, were celebrated in the months of May or 
 December. These sports are resorted to by great numbers of 
 young people of both sexes, and are conducted in the follow- 
 ing manner. Two persons are chosen previous to the meeting 
 to be Lord and Lady of the Yule, who dress as suitably as 
 they can to the characters they assume. A large empty bam 
 or some such building is provided for the Lord's Hall, and 
 filled up with seats to accommodate the company. Here they 
 assemble to dance and to regale in the best manner their cir- 
 
298 APPENDIX. 
 
 cumstaiices and the place will affoi'd, and each young lad 
 treats his girl with a ribband, or favour. The Lord and Lady 
 honour the hall with their presence, attended by the steward, 
 swordbearer, purse-beaver and mace-bearer, with their several 
 badges and ensigns of office. 
 
 " They have likewise a page, or train-bearer, and a jester^ 
 dressed in a partj' coloured jacket, whose ribaldry and gesti- 
 culation contribute not a little to the entertainment of some 
 part of the company. The Lord's music consisting generally 
 of a pipe and tabor, is employed to conduct the dance. 
 
 " All these figures handsomelj' represented in basso-relievo, 
 stand in the north wall of tlie nave of Cirencester Church, 
 which vouches sufficiently for the antiquity of the custom. 
 
 " I shall just remark, that the mace is made of silk, finely 
 plaited with ribands on the top, and filled with spices and 
 perfumes, for such of the company to smell to as desire it. 
 Does not this afford some light towards discovering the original 
 use, and account for the name of the mace, now carried in 
 ostentation before the steward of the court, on court-days, and 
 before the chief magistrates in corporations ; as the presenting 
 of spices by great men at their entertainments was a very 
 antient practice?" — Eudder's Siatory of Gloucestershire, p. 24- 
 Cirencester, 1779. 
 
 " This is the agreement betwixt the inhabitants of the towns 
 and parishes of Elvasion, TJiurlaston, and Ambaston, of the one 
 part, and the inhabitants of the town of OJeebrooh within the paid 
 parish of Elvaston in com. Derby, on the other part; by John 
 Abbot of the Dale, Ealph Saucheverell, Esq., John Bradshaw, 
 and Henry Tithet, gent. — Witnesseih, that the inhabitants as 
 well of the said parish of Elvaston, as of the said town of Ohe- 
 hrooh, shall brew four ales, and every ale of one quarter of 
 malt, and at their own cost and charges, betwixt this and the 
 feast of St. John the Baptist next coming, and that every 
 inhabitant of the said town of Ohebrooh shall be at the several 
 ales ; and every husband and his wife shall pay two pence, 
 ever}'' cottager one penny ; and all the inhabitants of Elvaston, 
 Thurlaston, and Ambaston, shall have and receive all the pro- 
 fits and advantages coming of the said Ales to the use and 
 
APPENDIX. 299 
 
 belioof of the said Church of Elvaston, and the inhabitants of 
 the said towns of Elvaston, Thurlaston, and Awhaston shall brew 
 eight ales betwixt this and the feast of St. John the Baptist ; 
 at the which ales and every one of them the inhabitants of 
 Okebrook shall come and pay as before rehcHrsed ; .and if he 
 be away at one ale, to pay at the t'oder ale for both, or else to 
 send his money. And the inhabitants of Okebrook shall carry 
 all manner of timber being in the Dale Wood now felled, that 
 the said Prestchyrch of the said towns of Elvaston, Thurlaston, 
 and Ambaston, shall occupye to the use and profit of the said 
 Church. 
 
 "N.B. This appears to have been the old method of paying 
 money for the repair of country churches. 
 
 " From a MSS. in the Library of Bobert AslU, Esq., F.B.S., 
 F.A.S." — Antiquarian Bepertory, vol. i. page 68. 
 
 Other Ales were also held, Bride Ales, Clerk Ales, &c. In 
 the volume just quoted, we find : " In the Easter holidays was 
 the Clerk's ale for his private benefit, and the solace of the 
 neighbourhood." 
 
 Note P. — Vol. I., page 54. 
 
 " In every parish is (or was) a church-house, to which be- 
 longed spits, crocks, &c., utensils for dressing provision. Here 
 the housekeepers met and were merry, and gave their charity. 
 The young people were there too, and had dancing, bowling, 
 shooting at butts, &c., the ancients sitting gravely by, and 
 looking on." — Aubrey's Introduction to the Survey, &e., of Wilt- 
 shire, p. 32. 
 
 " In Sir Eichard Worsley's History of ike Isle of Wight, 
 p. 210, speaking of the Parish of VVhitwell, he tells us, that 
 there is a lease in the Parish chest, dated 1574, 'of a house 
 cald the Church House, held by the inhabitants of Whitwell, 
 parishioners of Gatcombe, of the Lord of the Manor, and de- 
 mised by them to John Brode, in which is the following pro- 
 viso : Provided always, that, if the Quarter shall need at any 
 time to make a Quarter-Ale, or Church-Ale for the mainte- 
 nance of the Chapel, that it shall be lawful for them to have 
 the use of the said house, with all the rooms, both above and 
 
300 APPENDIX. 
 
 beneath, during their Ale.' " — ^Brand's Popular Antiquities, i. 
 278. London, 1849, Bohn's edition. 
 
 Note Q. — Vol. I., page 56. 
 
 " A gatherer of notices respecting our pastimes says : — ' The 
 after-part of May-day is chiefly spent in dancing round a tall 
 Poll, which is called a May Poll ; which being placed in a 
 convenient part of the -village, stands there, as it were conse- 
 crated to the Goddess of Flowers, without the least violation 
 offer'd to it, in the whole circle of the year.'^ One who was 
 an implacable enemy to popular sports relates the fetching in 
 of 'the May from the woods.' 'But,' says he, 'their cheefest 
 Jewell they bring from thence is their Male poole, whiohe 
 they bring home with greate veneration, as thus. They have 
 twentie or fourtie yoke of oxen, eVery ose havyng a sweete 
 nosegaie of flowers tyed on the tippe of his homes, and these 
 oxen drawe home this Male poole, which is covered all over 
 with flowers and hearbes, bounde rounde aboute with stringes, 
 from the top to the bottome, and sometj'me painted witli 
 variable colours, with two or three hundred men, women, and 
 children followyng it with great devotion. And thus beyng 
 reared up, with handkerchiefes and flagges streamyng on the 
 toppe, they strawe the grounde aboute, binde greene boughes 
 about it, sett up Sommer haules, Bowers, and Arbours hard 
 by. And then fall they to banquet and feast, to leape and 
 dance aboute it, as the Heathen people did at the dedication 
 of their Idolles, whereof this is a perfect patterne, or rather 
 the thyng itself.' ^ 
 
 " It was a great object with some of the more rigid among 
 our earlj' reformers to suppress amusements, especially May- 
 poles ; and these ' idols ' of the people were got down as zeal 
 grew fierce, and got up as it grew cool, till, after various ups 
 and downs, the favourites of the populace were, by the Par- 
 liament, on the 6th of April, 1644, thus provided against: — 
 ' The lords and commons do further order and ordain, that 
 all and singular May-'^oles, that are or shall be erected, shall , 
 be taken down, and removed by the constables, bassholders, 
 
 ' Bourne. ' Stubbes. 
 
APPENDIX. 301 
 
 tithing-men, petty constables, and cliureliwardens of the 
 parishes, where the same be, and that no May-pole be here- 
 after set up, erected or suffered to be set up within this 
 kingdom of England, or dominion of Wales ; the slid officers 
 to be fined five shillings weekly till the said May-pole be 
 taken down.' 
 
 " Accordingly down went all the May-poles that were left. 
 The restoration of Charles II. was the signal for the lestora- 
 tion of the May-poles. On the very first May-day afterwards, 
 in 1661, the May-pole in the Strand was reared with great 
 ceremony and rejoicing." — Hone's Every Day Booh. 
 
 For a full description of the Morris-dance, said to be " a 
 kind of Pyrrhic, or militarj' daiice," see Brand's Popular Anti- 
 quities, vol. i. pp. 247-270. Bohn's edition, London, 1840. 
 
 Note E. — Vol. I., page 58. 
 
 " In the Feast of Christmas there was in the King's House, 
 wheresoever he was lodged, a Lord of Misrule, or Master of 
 merry Disports, and the like had ye in the House of every 
 Nobleman of Honour, or good Worship, were he Spiritual or 
 Temporal. Among the which, the Maior of London, and 
 either of the Sheriffs, had their several Lords of Misrule, ever 
 contending, without Quarrel or Offence, who should make the 
 rarest Pastimes to delight the Beholders. These Lords begin- 
 ning their Bule at Alhalloud Eve, continued the same till the 
 Morrow after the Feast of the Purification, commonly called 
 Candlemas Day; In all which Space, there were fine and 
 subtle Disguisings, Masks, and Mummeries, with playing at 
 Cards for Counters, Nails, and Points; more for Pastimes than 
 for Gain." — Stowe. 
 
 Previously to the Eeformation, this functionary was styled 
 Abbot of Misrule. See Antiquarian Repertory, vol. iv. p. 323. 
 
 Note S.— Vol. I., page 62. 
 
 " This yeare ended the dayes of Mr. Arthur Hildersham, born 
 at Steckworth in the County, bred in Christ College in the 
 University of Cambridge, whose education was an experimentall 
 
302 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Comment, on the words of David, ' When my father and mother 
 forsake me, then the Lord taheth me up.' 
 
 " My Father Thomas Hildersham, a Gentleman of an 
 
 ancient Family. 
 and Mother Anne Poole, daughter to Sir Jeffrey, niece 
 
 to Cardinall Poole, grandchild to iSir Bichard 
 Poole, and Margaret, Countess of Sarisbury, 
 who was daughter to George, Duke of Cla- 
 rence. 
 
 Forsake me 
 
 Then 
 
 The Lord taketh 
 me up. 
 
 Quite casting him off hecause he would 
 not be bred a Papist, and goe to Borne. 
 
 An emphatical Monosyllable, just in that 
 nick of time. 
 
 Not immediately (miracles being ceased) 
 but in and by the hands of Henry Earl of 
 Huntingdon, (his honorable kinsman) pro- 
 viding plentifuU maintenance for him. 
 
 '■ However, after he was entered in the Ministery, he met 
 with many molestations, as hereby doth appear. 
 
 The High Commission, 1590, in June. 
 Bishop Chaderton, 1605, April 24. 
 Bishop Neile, 161], in November. 
 The Court at Lecest., 1630, March 4. 
 
 j The High Commission, 1591, in January. 
 R + ^ >! ' iiishop Barlow, 1608, in January, 
 llestorea t)y| j^^^j^or Bidley, 1625, June 20. 
 
 [ The same Court, 1631, August 2. 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 1 
 2 
 3 
 4 
 
 Silenced by 
 
 "And nowmethinks I hear the Spirit speaking unto him, as 
 once to the Prophet Ezechiel, Thou shalt speak and he no more 
 dumb, singing now with the Celestiall Quire of Saints and 
 Angels. Indeed though himself a Non-conformist, he loved all 
 honest men, were they of a different judgment, minded like 
 Luther herin, who gave for his motto. In quo aliquid Christi 
 video, ilium diligo. 
 
 " He was minister of Ashby de la Zouch forty and three years. 
 This putteth me in mind of Theodosius and of Valentinian (two 
 
APPENDIX. 303 
 
 worthy Christian Emperors) their constitution making those 
 Eeaders of the Civil Law, Counts of the first order, cum ad 
 viginti annos observatione jugi, ac sedulo docendi lahore pervenerint, 
 when, with, daily observation and diligent labor of teaching they shall 
 arrive at twenty years. Surely the Eeaders of God's Law which 
 dovhle that time shall not lose their reward." — Fuller's Church 
 History, vol. xi. p. 142. London, 1655. 
 
 " E ANDALL Bates was a most holy man, an excellent preacher, 
 and a zealous nonconformist, for which he was prosecuted in 
 the ecclesiastical courts, and committed to the Gatehouse ; 
 where, after a confinement of twenty months, he died through 
 the hardships of the prison. Mr. John Cotton, who was his 
 contemporary, denominates him ' an heavenly saint;' and says, 
 ' he suffered in the cause of nonconformity, being choked in 
 prison.' Nor could his release be obtained, though Dr. Hering, 
 a learned and excellent physician, earnestly solicited Bishop 
 Neile for his enlargement, declaring that his life was in 
 danger. But the suit of the physician was repulsed with 
 reproaches, and the blood of his patient was spilt through the 
 extreme rigour of his confinement. He died in the year 1613. 
 During Mr. Bates' imprisonment he wrote a book, entitled, 
 ' Meditations whilst he was prisoner in the Gatehouse, West- 
 minster,' which shews him to have been a person of great 
 humility and piety." — Brook's Lives of the Puritans, vol. ii. 
 p. 244. London, 1813. 
 
 Note T.— Vol. I., pages 65, 98. 
 
 " Mr. Prynne of Lincoln's Inn hath lately set forth a book 
 entitled ' Histriomastix, or the Players' Scourge,' the sale of 
 which is prohibited, and he to appear at the high commission 
 on Thursday next, where, when I have heard what is charged 
 against him, I will, if you desire it, send j'ou a more particular 
 3 elation. His book is extraordinarily stuffed with quotations 
 of old authors, which they say are his <mly arguments. He 
 cites St. Austin who saith ' Si tantum mode boni et honesti viri in 
 civitate essent, nee in rebus humanis Ludi Scenici esse debuissent.' 
 But I do not conceive this to be the only cause why he is 
 called in question, but rather some exorbitant passage con- 
 
304 APPENDIX. 
 
 cerning ecclesiastical government ; for I hear he compares the 
 playing on the organ between the first and second lesson, to 
 interludes and stage-play. It is observable that his book wag 
 published the day after the queen's pastoral at Somerset 
 House." — Justinian Paget, Esq., to James Harrington, Esq., at 
 Walton-upon-Trent, January 28, 1633 : Court and Times of 
 Charles I. 
 
 Note U. — Vol. I., page 76. 
 
 The Editor is indebted to Mr. Bruce for the following ex- 
 tract from the notes taken by Secretary Windebank in the 
 Star Chamber on this case, from which it appears that A. B. 
 was Sir Eichard Shelton, who had been solicitor-general from 
 1625 to 1634. The note refers to the passage piolced out from 
 the News from Ipswich. 
 
 "Dom. Car. I. Vol. ccolxi. No. 77, p. 2. — Mr. Prynne. 
 Sr. Eich. Shelton. Newes from Ipswich. What cold Belzebub 
 had he ben the Archbp. have don more than in publishing 
 the book agt. Sonday ? Is it not high time to hang up such 
 archtraytors ? " 
 
 Note V. — ^Vol. I., page 120. 
 
 " The Jesuits perhaps will deny, they l)ad any hand in that 
 Invasion. But lest they deceive you, I will tell you some 
 news from Borne. It is known there that the Pope tooke, and 
 the Jesuits gave, the better halfe of the Colledge meanes, sold 
 out-righte, to the use of that Fleet." — Experience, Historic, 
 and Divinitie, hy Richard Carpenter, Vicar of Poling. Piinted 
 by order of the House of Commons, 1642. 
 
 Note W.— Vol. I., page 132. 
 
 " The godlie here, in great numbers, meets oft in private 
 houses, for in publick they dare not, fasts and prayes, and 
 hears gracious sermons, for whole dayes, sundrie tymes in the 
 week : truelie these heartie and humble prayers are our 
 greatest confidence ; in the adverse partie we hear of little 
 devotion in the best of them." (January 1641.) 
 
APPENDIX. 305 
 
 "... the godlie in the city, in diverse private societies, 
 ran to fasting and praying : by these our old and best weapons, 
 we are begining to prevaill, praise be to his holie name! 
 London, Monday, March 16th [1641]." — Bdbert Baillie's Let- 
 ters and Journals. Edinburgh, 18^1. 
 
 " I pray God to heare all the praiers that are now put up 
 for a happy issue of this Parliament." May 1, 1640. — Letters 
 of Lady Brilliana Sarley. Camden Society. 
 
 "How did the Lord (before this Parliament • began, and 
 hitherto ever since) stir up and enflame the fire of supplicating 
 faith, on faithful supplication, and fervent zeal in private humilia- 
 tion to seek the Lord in the face of Christ, for mereie and re- 
 concilement to our poor Land and Nation, so as the like was 
 never seen in this Kingdom before."- — Vicars' Jehovah Jireh. 
 
 Note X. — Vol. I., page 137. 
 
 " Upon Saturday, Nov. 7 [1640]. The First Petition which 
 was preferred and read in the House was that of Susannah 
 Bastwich ; and afterwards, another of Sarah Burton, on the 
 behalf of their respective Husbands, close Prisoners in remote 
 Islands." — ^Eushworth's Historical Collections, part iii. vol. i. 
 p. 20. 
 
 " First, upon the petitions of Mrs. Bastwich, and Mrs. Burton, 
 the pious, but (then) most disconsolate and tao untimely widowed 
 wives of their thrice noble and heroick husbands, as also a petition 
 exhibited in the behalf of most precious Mr. Prynne, .... the 
 pious Parliament, like noble Ebed-melechs, redeemed those just 
 Jeiremies of the Lord out of their (otherwise) perpetually capti- 
 vating most remote and desolate dungeons." — Vicars' Jehovah 
 Jireh. 
 
 " On Saturday Burton and Prin came through most of the 
 citie triumphantlie : never here such a like show ; about 
 a thousand horse, and as some of good note sayes, above four 
 thousand; above a hundred coatches, and, as manie sayes, 
 above two hundred ; with a world of foott, every one with 
 their rosemary branch. Bastwick is not yet come from Sillie 
 [Scilly]. This galled the Bishops exceedinglie. London, 
 December 2nd [1640]. 
 
 VOL. II. X 
 
306 APPENDIX. 
 
 " Bastwick came into the City this day eight days ; twentie- 
 seven coatches, a thousand horse for his convoy, trumpetts 
 sounding from diverse windowes, numbers of torches about 
 him, and a world of people on all the way. London, De- 
 cember 12th [1640]." — Bobert Baillie's Letters and Journcde. 
 Edinburgh, 1841. 
 
 Note Y.— Vol. I., page 139. 
 
 We will give a few extracts from a curious broadside, pre- 
 served among the King's Pamphlets, entitled " Time's Altera- 
 tions, or, A Dialogue between my Lord Finch and Secretajy 
 WiNDEBANCKE ; at their meeting in France, the eight of Jan. 
 1641. Brought up to Billinsgate the next Spring tyde 
 following." 
 
 " Windehancke. — Well met, my Lord, it seems that you have 
 taken flight over the great Pond, pray what newes in England ? 
 
 "Finch. — Faith, I durst not stay to heare what newes, for 
 I feare if I had taiTied a little longer, my wings would have 
 been dipt, and then I am sure, I had never come hither. 
 
 " Windebancke. — I commend your policy, for your being 
 sure to flye, were sure to escape ; but I pray, good my Lord, 
 what do they say of me in England f 
 
 " Finch. — Newes more than I can relate ; thinke yon and 
 I have bin the best benefactors to the ragged Eegiment of 
 Poets, that ever cam since Noah's floud ? 
 
 " Windebancke. — Why, good my Lord ? 
 
 " Finch. — Why I beleeve there hath bin more Impressions 
 of severall kinds of lamentable Ballads and Pamphlets (made 
 upon us two) then ever was of the Practice of Piety, or Crums 
 of Comfort. 
 
 " Windebancke. — The newes goeth in these parts, that in 
 England they picture your Honour with wings. 
 
 " Finch. — 'Tis true, good reason. 
 
 " Windebancke. — Thinks your honour so ? 
 
 ^' Finch.— 1 am sure I know so, for had not my wings beene 
 long, I am very certaine I had beene a shorter by a head ere 
 this." 
 
APPENDIX. 307 
 
 Note Z.— Vol. I., page 141. 
 
 Nov. 1640. — So numerous were the Complaints and Petitions 
 touching Grievances that the whole House was divided, and 
 subdivided into above Forty Committees to hear and examine 
 them ; But the main were reducible to these four General 
 Heads : 
 
 I. Committees concerning Eeligion, Innovations in the 
 Church, and Grievances by Ecclesiastical Courts. 
 
 II. Committees concerning publick aifairs in general, and 
 particularly concerning Ireland and Scotland. 
 
 III. Other Committees were relating to IShip-Money, Judges 
 and Courts of Justice. 
 
 IV. Committees concerning Popery, The Popish Hierarchy, 
 the Pope's Nuncio, Plots, Designs, &c. — Bushworth. 
 
 " It was the business of these Committees to prepare 
 such measures as it might be supposed the house would think 
 fit to adopt on these subjects. On the twelfth of the fol- 
 lowing month the Grand Committee for Eeligion appointed 
 a sub-Committee of forty persons, which number, in the 
 subsequent week, was increased to eighty, to enquire into the 
 causes of the great scarcity of preaching ministers, and to con- 
 sider of a way for removing scandalous ministers, and putting 
 others in their places. This Conamittee was afterwards called, 
 for brevity, the Committee for scandalous ministers." 
 
 Note AA. — Vol. I., page 141. 
 
 Extract from Sir Benjamin Budyard's Sj^eech. 
 
 " Mr. SpeaJeer, — We are here assembled to do God's business 
 and the King's, in which our ovm is included, as we are 
 Christians, as we are Subjects : Let us first Fear God, then 
 shall we honour the King the more : For I am afraid we have 
 been the less prosperous in Parliaments, because we have pre- 
 ferred other matters before Him. Let Eeligion be our primum 
 qucerite, for all things else are but et cceteras to it; yet we 
 may have them too, sooner and surer, if we give God his 
 Precedence.' 
 
 X 2 
 
308 APPENDIX. 
 
 " We well know what Disturbance hath been brought upon 
 the Church, for vain, petty trifles : How the whole Church, the 
 whole Kingdom hath been troubled, where to place a Metarphor, 
 an Altar. We have seen Ministers, their Wives, Children, and 
 Families undone, against Law, against Conscience, against all 
 bowels of Compassion, about not Dancing on Sundays. What 
 do these sort of men think will become of themselves, when 
 the Master of the house shall come, and find them thus beating 
 their fellow-Servants ? These inventions were but Sives made 
 on purpose to winnow the best men, and that's the Devil's occu- 
 pation ; they have a mind to worry Preaching ; for I never 
 yet heard of any but diligent Preachers, that were vexed 
 with these and the like devices. They despise Prophecy, 
 and as one said, they would fain be at something like the 
 Mass, that will not Bite : A Muzzl'd Beligion. They would 
 evaporate and dispirit the Power and Vigour of Eeligion, by 
 drawing it out into solemn, specious Formalites, into obsolete 
 anfiquitated Ceremonies new furbish'd up : And this (be-like) 
 is the good work in hand, which Dr. Heylin hath so often cele- 
 brated in his bold Pamphlets. All their Arts and Actions are 
 so full of mixtures, involutions, and complications, as nothing 
 is clear, nothing sincere in any of their Proceedings ; let them 
 not say, that these are the perverse suspitions and malicious inter- 
 pretations of some few factious Spirits amongst us ; when a 
 Bomanist hath bragged, and congratulated in Print, That the 
 face of our Church begins to alter, the language of our Beligion to 
 change. 
 
 " Mr. Speaker, Let it be our principal Care, That these ways 
 neither continue nor return upon us : If we secure our Eeligion, 
 we shall cut off and defeat many Plots that are now on foot by 
 them and others : Believe it, Sir, Beligion hath been for a long 
 time, and still is, the great design upon this Kingdom; it is a 
 known and practised Piinciple, that they who would introduce 
 another Eeligion into the Church, must first Trouble and 
 Disorder the Government of the State, that so they may work 
 their ends in a confusion, which now lyes at the door." 
 
APPENDIX. 309 
 
 Note BB.— Vol. L, pages 146, 196. 
 The London Petition. 
 
 Twenty-eight grievances were enutaerated in this Petition ; 
 which may be thus briefly stated. 
 
 1. Ministers were subjected to the Prelates, and thus ex- 
 empted from the Temporal Power ; hence, 
 
 2. Their faintheartedness to preach the Truth of God, (such 
 as the doctrines of Predestination, Free Grace, Perseverance, 
 Sin after Baptism, the Sabbath, Election, &c.) lest they should 
 displease the Prelates. 
 
 3. Ministers were encouraged to despise the Temporal Ma- 
 gistracy, the Nobles, and Gentry of the land. 
 
 4. The restraint of many Godly and able Men from the 
 Ministry. 
 
 5. Suppression of private patronage. Lectures, and Free 
 Schools. 
 
 6. " The great encrease of Idle, Lend, and Dissolute, Igno- 
 rant and Erroneous Men in the Ministry, which swarm like 
 the Locusts of Egypt over the whole kingdom ; And will 
 they wear but a Canonical Coat, a Surplice, a Hood, bow at 
 the Name of Jesus, and be zealous of Superstitious Ceremonies, 
 they may live as they list, confront whom they please, Preach 
 and vent what Errors they will, and neglect Preaching at 
 their pleasure without controul." 
 
 7. " The discouragement of many from bringing up their 
 children in Learning, the many Schisms, Errors, and strange 
 Opinions which are in the Church ; Great Corruptions which 
 are in the Universities," &c. 
 
 8. The wide circulation of bad books. 
 
 9. " The hindering of Godly Books to be printed, the 
 blotting out or perverting those which they suffer, all or most 
 of that which strikes either at Popery or Arminianism." 
 
 10. " The publishing and venting of Popish, Arminian, and 
 other Dangerous Books and Tenets." 
 
 11. " The Growth of Popery and Encrease of Papists, 
 Priests and Jesuits in sundry Places, but especially about 
 London since the Eeformation ; the frequent Venting of Cruci- 
 
310 APPENDIX. 
 
 fixes, and Popist Pictures both Engraven and Painted, and 
 the placing of such in Bibles." 
 
 12. The multitude of Monopolies, Patents, increase of 
 Taxes, &c. 
 
 13. The offices of Archbishops, Lord-Bishops, Deans, Arch- 
 deacons, being retained. 
 
 14. " The great conformity and likeness both continued 
 and increased of our Church to the Church of Eome in 
 A^estures, Postures, Ceremonies, and Administrations, namely 
 as the Bishop's Eotchets and the Lawn-Sleeves, the Four- 
 Corner'd Cap, the Cope and Surplice, the Tippet, the Hood, 
 and the Canonical Coat ; the Pulpits cloathed, especially now 
 of late, with the Jesuites' badge upon them every way." 
 
 15. " The standing up at Gloria Patri, and at the Reading 
 of the Gospel, praying towards the East, the Bowing at the 
 Name of Jems, the bowing to the Altar towards the East, 
 Cross in Baptism, the kneeling at the Communion." 
 
 16. " The turning of the Communion -Table Altar-wise, 
 setting Images, Crucifixes, and Conceits over them, and Tapers 
 and Books upon them, and bowing or adoring to, or before, 
 them ; the reading of the second Service at the Altar, and 
 forcing people to come up thither to receive, or else denying 
 the Sacrament to them; terming the Altar to be the Mercy- 
 Seat, or the place of God Almighty in the Church ; which is 
 a plain device to usher in the Mass." 
 
 17. "The Christ'ning and Consecrating of Churches and 
 Chappels," &c. 
 
 18. The Liturgy being framed from the Eomish Brevi- 
 ary, &c'. 
 
 19. The multitude of Canons. 
 
 20. Plurality of Benefices, and Licenses for Marriages 
 instead of Banns. 
 
 21. Profanation of the Lord's Day, and enforcing Sports 
 on it. 
 
 22. " The pressing of the strict observance of the Saints' 
 Days, whereby great Sums of Money are drawn out of men's 
 Purses for working on them, a very high Burthen on most 
 People, who getting their Living on their daily Imployments, 
 must either omit them, and be idle ; or part with their Money, 
 
APPENDIX. 311 
 
 whereby many poor Families are undone, or brought behind- 
 hand," &c. 
 
 23. The great increase of Immorality. 
 
 24. " The general abuse of that great ordinance of Excom- 
 munication, which God hath left in his Church, as the last 
 and greatest punishment which the Church can inilict upon 
 obstinate and great offenders ; and the Prelates and their 
 Officers .... have made it, as they do all other things, a 
 Hook or Instrument, wherewith to empty Men's Purses, and 
 to advance their own greatness." 
 
 25. " The pride and ambition of the Prelates being bound- 
 less ... . they .... exercise Ecclesiastical Authority in 
 their own Names and Eights .... and take upon them tem- 
 poral Dignities .... that they may sway both Swords." 
 
 26. " The putting of Ministers upon Parishes without the 
 Patron's and People's consent." 
 
 27. Imposing of oaths upon Churchwardens and Sidesmen. 
 
 28. Inquisitorial proceedings against faithful Ministers ; 
 " only Papists, Jesuits, Priests, and such others as propagate 
 Popery or Arminianism, are countenanced, spared, and have 
 much liberty." 
 
 Note CC. — Vol. I., page 149. 
 
 In " A Large Supplement of the Canterbvrian Self-Con- 
 viction, opening to the World, yet more of the wicked Mys- 
 teries of that Faction from their own Writs — Imprinted 1641," 
 the following passage occurs, describing one of the innovations 
 and " strange doctrines" brought in by some of the adherents 
 of Laud. One of them. Dr. Kellet, taught : " That the pre- 
 sence of Christ in the Sacrament, is such as the Eucharist 
 itselfe must be adored. That in the adoration the bread would 
 not be taken with the people's fingers, but in the hollow of 
 the one hand, being supported by the other in the forme of a 
 crosse, that upon the bread not a crosse onely but crucifixe 
 may be drawne : that if any crumbe of this bread in the eating 
 or handling fall to the ground, it is a grievous sinne against 
 God." 
 
312 APPENDIX. 
 
 Note DD.— Vol. I., page 149. 
 
 A curious Broadsheet, preserved in the King's Pamphlets, 
 and entitled " A Peosnostication vpon W. Lavd, late hisJiop 
 of Canterbury, written Ano JDom. 1641, which accordingly is come 
 to passe" contains some curious allusions to prominent persons 
 of the day, who will be easily recognised, notwithstanding 
 the orthography. The lines are addressed to Laud. 
 
 " My little Lord me thinks 'tis strange 
 that yon should suffer such a change 
 
 in such a little space. 
 You that so proudly t'other day 
 did rule the king and country sway 
 
 Must trudge to 'nother place. 
 
 " Wee scorne that popes with Crosier staues 
 Miters or keyes should make us slaues 
 
 and to there feete to bend. 
 The pope and his maliciotts crew 
 wee Jiope to handle all like you 
 
 and bring them to an end. 
 
 " Within these six yeares six Eares haue 
 bin cropt of worthy men and gratie 
 
 for speaking what was true. 
 But if your subtil head and eares 
 Can satire those six of thers 
 expect but what's your due. 
 
 " The little ren that soard so high 
 thought on his wings away to fly 
 
 like finch I know not whither. 
 But now the suitil whirly wind- 
 debank hath left the bird behind 
 
 you two must flock together. 
 
 " you will dye 
 
 for churches good she riseth high 
 when such as you fall down." 
 
 "That Lamb-skin'd Woolf the Archprelate of Canterbury, 
 who had so long and so craftily and cruelly worryed Christ's 
 
APPENDIX. 313 
 
 innocent lambs, was also impeached of high treason, and 
 thereupon forthwith, put into safe custodie under the Black- 
 rod, and afterwards lockt-up fast in the Tower of London, for 
 his future safe forth-coming, and thus all his former huge and 
 hyperbolicall puffe of ayrie honour and false windie reputation 
 among his clawing Pontificians, now at last tumbled into the 
 dust, yea besmired with the dirt of due disgrace, contempt, 
 and ignominie. then 'twas merry with harmlesse lambs, when 
 ravening wolves were shut up fast, and lambs at libertie. As it is 
 recorded to be the speech of that blessed Queen Elizabeth of 
 ever-rarest memorie upon the Lord's delivering her from all 
 her unjust, great troubles, by the happy decease of her fierie 
 Sister, Queen Marie, when the Komish bloodie Bishop of her 
 clapt into prison, in her stead, and she delivered from their 
 devillish thraldom." — Vicar's Jehovah Jireh, 1644. 
 
 Note EE.— Vol. I., page 166. 
 
 From " Sr. Tho. Widdrington's Speech att a Conference 
 betweene Both Houses on Tuesday the 20 of July, 1641. 
 At the transmission of the impeachment against Matthew 
 Wren, Doctor in Divinity, late Bishop of Norwich, and 
 now Bishop of My. Printed by E. G. for E. Best at 
 Giaye's Inne gate in Holborne, 1641." 
 
 " In the yeare 1635, this man was created Bishop of Norwich, 
 he is no sooner there, but he marcheth furiously .... 
 
 " He made a scourge, not of small cords, but of new Injunc- 
 tions and numerous Articles tyed about with a strong twist 
 of a most dangerous oath ; and with this he whips not out 
 buyers and sellers, but the faithful dispensers of the word out 
 of their Churches, out of their estates, out of their deare 
 Country .... 
 
 " (My Lords) in the time of King Eich. i. one of this man's 
 predecet^sors, a valiant Bishop, went into the holy warre, this 
 Bishop hath raised a warre at home in his own Dioces, a 
 warre not against Sarazens, Barbarians, Turlces, or Infidels, but 
 against good and well-disposed people, I know not what stile 
 to give this warre: without doubt (my Lords) this was no 
 holy warre. 
 
314 APPENDIX. 
 
 "The weapons of this warfare were 28 Injunctions, 139 
 Articles, containing 879 questions. 
 
 "The souldiers were Chancellors, Commissaries, Officials, 
 Commissioners, Eural Deans, &c. 
 
 " Himselfe commanded in chiefe 
 
 " Moses led the children of Israel through the Bed Sea; this 
 man drives part of his flocks over the Soa, but went not 
 himselfe 
 
 "(My Lords) I cannot tell j'ou all, but you can measure a 
 Lyon by his paw. I am commanded to lay this great male- 
 factour at your doores, one who hath been a great oppugner of 
 the life and liberty of Eeligion, and who set a brand of infamy 
 (to use his own words) upon Ipswich education. 
 
 " In summe, one who is a compleete mirrour of innovation, 
 superstition and oppression, he is now in the snare of those 
 articles, which were the workes of his own hands. 
 
 " The rod of Moses at a distance w^as a serpent, it was a rod 
 againe when it was taken into his hands : this Bishop was a 
 serpent, a devouring serpent in the Dioces of Norwich; your 
 Lordships peradventure will by handling of him make him a 
 rod againe; or if not, I doubt not but your Lordships will 
 chastise him with such rods as his crimes shall deserve." 
 
 See also, " Wren's Anatomy. Discovering his notorious 
 pranks, and shamefuU wickednesse ; with some of his most 
 lewd facts, and infamous deeds; both in his goverment of 
 Peter-house Colledge, and domineering in three Bishopricks, 
 to his perpetuall shame and infamy. Printed in the yeare. 
 That Wren ceased to domineere, 1641." — Small 8vo. King's 
 Pamphlets. 
 
 Note FF.— Vol. I., page 169. 
 
 " There was a repm-t of divers reasons to satisfy the Lords 
 wherefore Bishops should not meddle in temporal affairs," &c. 
 
 "1. That it was a very great hindrance to the exercise of their 
 ministerial function. 2. Becau.se they do vow and undertake 
 at their ordination, when they enter into Holy Orders, that 
 they will give themselves wholly to that vocation. 3. Because 
 Councils and Canons, in several ages, do forbid them to meddle 
 
APPENDIX. 315 
 
 with Secular Afikirs. 4. Because the 24 bishops have a 
 dependency upon the two Archbishops, and because of their 
 oath of canonical obedience to them. 5. Because they are but 
 for their lives, and therefore unfit to have a legislative power 
 over the honours, inheritance, persons, and liberty of others. 
 6. Because of bishops' dependences and expectances of trans- 
 lations to places of greater profit. 7. That several bishops have, 
 of late, much encroached upon the consciences and properties of 
 the subjects ; and they and their successors will be much en- 
 couraged still to encroach, and the subjects will be much dis- 
 couraged from complaining against such encroachments, when 
 they are judges of those complaints. The same reason extends 
 to their legislative power, in any bill to pass for the regula- 
 tion of their power, upon any emergent inconveniency by it. 
 8. Because the whole number of them is interested to main- 
 tain the jurisdiction of bishops ; which hath been found so 
 grievous to the three kingdoms, that Scotland hath utterly 
 abolished it, and multitudes in England and Ireland have 
 petitioned against it. 9. Because the bishops being lords of 
 parliament, it setteth too great distance between them and the 
 rest of their biethren in the ministry ; which occasioneth pride 
 in them, discontent in others, and disquiet in the church." — 
 Cobbett's Farliamentary History. 
 
 KoTE GG.— Vol. I., pages 175, 210. 
 
 This was a small quarto pamphlet, pp. 61, entitled " The First 
 Centvry of Scandalous, Malignant Priests, Made and admitted 
 into Benefices by the Prelates, in whose hands the Ordination 
 of Ministers and government of the Chuich hath been. Or, 
 A Narration of the Causes for which the Parliament hath 
 Ordered the Sequestration of the Benefices of severall Ministers 
 complained of before them, for vitiousnesse of Life, errors in 
 Doctrine, contrarj' to the Articles of our Eeligion, and for 
 practising and pressing superstitious Innovations against Law, 
 and for Malignancy against the Parliament. — It is Ordered 
 this seventeenth day of November 1 643, by the Committee of 
 the House of Commons in Parliament concerning Printing, 
 that this Booke Intituled [The First Century of Scandalous, 
 
316 APPENDIX. 
 
 Malignant Priests, &c.] be printedby GeorgeMiller. John White : 
 London. Printed by George Miller, dwelling in the Black- 
 Friers. 1643." 
 
 Note HH.— Vol. L, page 176. 
 
 John Cosms, Bishop of Durham, born in St. Andrews parish 
 in Norwich, was brought up at the free-school here, sent thence 
 to G-onvile aaad Gaius College, where he was fellow ... a. 1624 
 he was prebendary of the 10th stall in Durham . . . and 
 lastly after the sequestration . . . was consecrated Bishop of 
 Ikirham Dec. 2, 1660. He died at his lodgings in Pall- 
 Mall, Jan. 16, 1671, aged 77, and was buried at Bishop's 
 Anlcland in his diocese, April 29, 1672, having settled a rent 
 charge (if £28 per annum by his letters patent, sealed as well 
 with his palatinate as episcopal seal, issuing out of his hands 
 and tenements in Great Chilton, in the county palatinate of 
 Durham, out of which he founded three scholarships of 20 nobles. 
 apiece for three boys born in Norwich, and taught; in the 
 puhlich grammar school there. — Blomefield's Norfolk, iii. 416. 
 
 Eushworth assigns Monday, March 16, as the day on which 
 the impeachment of Dr. Cosins whs oanied up to the Lords. 
 It contained twenty-one Articles, some of which were as 
 follows : — 
 
 1. That he was the first Man that caused the Communion- 
 Table in the Church to be removed, and set Altar-wise ; in 
 the erecting and beautifying whereof, he (being then Trea- 
 sui-er) expended 200Z. 
 
 2. That he used to officiate at the "West-side thereof, turning 
 his Back to the People. 
 
 3. That he used extraordinary Bowing to it. 
 
 6. That he converted divers Prayers in the Book of Com- , 
 mon-Prayer into Hymns, to be sung in the Choir, and played 
 with the Organ, contrary to the Ancient Custom of that 
 Church. 
 
 7. That the first Candlemas-Dsky at Night that he had been 
 in that Church, he caused three hundred Wax-Candles to be 
 set up, and lighted in the Church at once, in Honour of our 
 Lady, and placed threescore of them upon and about the 
 Altar. 
 
APPENDIX. 317 
 
 8. That in this Church, there were Eeliques of divers 
 Images, above which were remaining the Euines of two Se- 
 raphims, with the Picture of Christ between them, erected in 
 Queen Mary's time, in the time of Popery : All which, when 
 Queen Elizabeth came to the Grown, were demolished by virtue 
 of a Commission by her to that intent granted ; which so con- 
 tinued demolished from that time, 'till Dr. Gosins came to that 
 Church ; who being Treasurer, caused the same to be repaired, 
 and most gloriously painted. 
 
 10. That there was a knife belonging to the Church, kept 
 altogether in the Vestry, being put to none but holy Uses, as 
 cutting the Bread in the Sacrament, and the like. Dr. Cosins 
 refusing to cut the same with any other but that ; thinking all 
 others that were unconseorated, polluted ; but that which he 
 putting Ploliness in, never termed but the consecrated hnife. 
 
 11. That in a Sermon preached in that Church, he did 
 deliver certain Words in disgrace of the Eeformers of our 
 Church : For instance, the Words were these : The Beformers 
 of this Church, when they abolished the Mass, tooJc away all good 
 Order ; and instead of Beformation, made it a Deformation. 
 
 12. That he seldom or never, in any of his Sermons, stiled 
 the Ministers of the Word and Sacraments, by any other Name 
 than Priests, nor the Communion-Table by any other Name 
 than Altar. 
 
 13. That by his appointment there was a Cope bought, the 
 Seller being a convicted Jesuit, and afterwards imployed in 
 that Chuich, having upon it the Picture of the invisible and 
 incomprehensible Trinity^ 
 
 15. That he framed a superstitious Ceremony, in lighting 
 the Tapers which were placed on the Altar, which for instance 
 was this : A company of Boys that belonged to the Church, 
 came in at the Choir-door, with Torches in their Hands lighted, 
 bowing towards the Altar at their first entrance, bowing thrice 
 before they lighted their Tapers ; having done, they withdrew 
 themselves, bowing so oft as before ; not once turning their 
 back-parts towards the Altar, the Organs all the time going. 
 
 17. That he used upon Communion-days to make the sign 
 of the Cross, with his Finger both upon the Seats wheron they 
 were to sit, and the Cushions to kneel upon, using some Words 
 when he so did. 
 
318 APPENDIX. 
 
 18. That one Sabbath-day there was set up an unnecessary 
 company of Tapers and Lights in the Church ; which Dr. Hunt 
 being then Dean, fearing they might give Offence, being they 
 were unnecessary, sent his Man to pull them down, who did 
 so. But Dr. Cosins being therat aggrieved, came to the rel]6w, 
 and there miscalled him in a most uncivil manner, and began 
 to beat him in the publick view of the Congregation, to the 
 great disturbance of the same. 
 
 Note 1 1.— Vol. I., page 189. 
 
 A specimen of the style of preaching of Vicar Squire shall 
 here be given in his fourfold explanation of the etymology 
 of "Whitsunday. From " A Sermon appointed for the New- 
 churchyard, by London, on Whitesunday," page 3. " Our 
 countrey and custome call this feast by another name than 
 Pentecost, viz., Whitsunday, that is Whitesunday ; the attribute 
 AVhite being annexed to the Sunday for foiire causes; from 
 the time of the year, from the custome of the time, from the 
 mercy of God to man, and from the mercy of man to man. 
 1. The time is tempus albi solis, a season of singular sunshine, 
 the sun having now the clearest or whitest lustre : the time is 
 therefore tearmed White-Sunday. The custome of the pri- 
 mitive time was, that this was Dominica in Albis : they used 
 albis vestibus post baptismum ; those who were baptized were 
 accustomed to wear white garments about this time ; the time, 
 therefore, was called White-Sunday. 3. Through the mercy 
 of God, the Holy Ghost came downe on man this day (a white, 
 that is, 'a happy day for all Christians) rightly called White- 
 Sunday. 4. Then also was it the guise of the church (in 
 thanksgiving for this great gift from God) to give a small gift 
 to man, white loaves, by way of alms to the poore : and hence 
 also it is termed White-Sunday. Let your first care bee to 
 practise this last point, by way of gratitude for this great gift, 
 on this great day ; give alms to the poore, as it y/exe, white 
 loaves ; and (according to our homely proverb) White-Sunday 
 shall make you white sonnes to God, obedient children unto 
 your Father which is in heaven." — Ellis' History and Antiquities 
 of St. Leonard, Shoreditch. 1798. 
 
APPENDIX. 319 
 
 Note JJ. — Vol. I., page 191. 
 
 Tlie Vicar defended himself va. a quarto pamphlet, printed 
 in 1641, entitled "The Vindication of the Vicar of Isleworth, 
 in the County of Middlesex, from a scandalous Pamphlet, 
 contayning one and twenty Articles ; invented by some, 
 closely : subscribed unto but by six, publiquely ; presented 
 but by one, openly ; and now vented in print surreptitiously 
 (in the name of the whole Parish) by a No-body. 
 
 " Whereunto are likewise added certaine notorious Impieties 
 and Misdemeanours of Grilbert Barrett, Attorney, the Promoter : 
 , which shall be fairely and fully proved, upon just occasion." 
 
 Note KK.— Vol. I., page 213. 
 
 Court of Wards. — " A court first erected in Henry the 
 Eighth's time, and afterwards augmented by him with the 
 office of liveries. Hence it was called the Court of Wards 
 and Liveries, till its suppression by Statute 12 Car. II. 
 
 " This was the most oppressive remnant of the prerogative 
 which the Norman kings had claimed. Under the feudal system, 
 every estate was considered a benefice, which, while the heir 
 was a minor, or otherwise incapable of serving, reverted to the 
 superior, who appointed another to perform military service 
 in his stead. While this prerogative remained, the king, as 
 feudal superior, gave or sold the wardship of a minor, or an 
 idiot, to whomsoever he chose, with as much of the income 
 as he thought proper. If the heir was a female, the' king was 
 entitled to offer her any husband of her rank, at his option ; 
 and if she refused him, she forfeited her land." — Nares. 
 
 Feb. 24, 1646. "A Message is sent up from the Commons 
 for abolibhing the Court of Wards, ... to which the Lords 
 Agree." — Parry's Parliaments of England. 
 
 " This act of grace and happines to the Kingdome, I con- 
 ceive not to be inferiour to any of the former Acts or Votes 
 passed by the Parliament, and must needs be extraordina: y 
 acceptable especially to the Oentrie of England, who by meanes 
 of that Court were kept under in a mighty deale of homage 
 and vassalrie in their children and estates." — Vicars' Par- 
 liamentarie Chronicle, part iv. p. 369. London, 1646. 
 
320 APPENDIX. 
 
 Note LL.— Vol. I., page 220. 
 
 " "We desire .... to let the Eeader understand what 
 an evil savour such Patents and Monopolies granted by the 
 King, had amongst the people of Better Eank, and which 
 will best appear by a Speech made by Sir John Culpeper, 
 of the County of Kent, Knight, immediately after the begin- 
 ning of the Pai'liament, which met the third of November, 
 and in regard it proceeded from him being a Person of 
 very great repute in his Country, and also who afterwards, 
 during the late Wars, was with the King in Person at Oxford, 
 We think fit to communicate a Branch of his Speech, in refer- 
 ence to Monopolies, which the Author took with his pen at 
 large, as he spoke the same. 
 
 " Sir John Culpeper, his Speech in Parliament. 
 
 "Mr. Speaker, — 1 have but one grievance more to offer 
 unto you, but this one oompriseth many; It is a Nest of 
 Wasps, or Swarm of Vermine, which liave over-crept the 
 Land, I mean the Monopolies and Polers of the People ; 
 these, like the Frogs of Egypt, h&vk gotten Possession of our 
 Dwellings, and we have scarce a lioom free from them. They 
 sup in our Cup (a). They Dip in our Dish (6). They sit by 
 our Fire (c). We find them in the Dye-Fat, VVash-Bowl (d), 
 and Powdring-Tub (e). They share with the Butler in his 
 Box (/). They have marked (g) and Sealed (g") us from 
 Head to Foot. Mr. Speaker, they will not bate us a Pin (h). 
 We may not buy our own Cloaths without their Brokage : 
 These are the Leeches, that have snckt the Common- Wealth 
 so hard that it is almost become Hectical 
 
 " Mr. Speaker, I have ecchoed to you the Crys of the King- 
 dom, I will tell you their Hopes. They look to Heaven for a 
 Blessing upon this Parliament." 
 
 ( a) Patent foi' 41. per Tun on Wine. 
 (6) Licence to dress Meat in Taverns. 
 (c) Imposition on Coals, 
 (rf) Patent for Soap, 
 (e) Tax upon Salt. 
 (/) Patent for Cards and Dice. 
 (<;) Beavers, Belts, Bone-Lace, &c. 
 (/i) Patent for Pins. 
 
APPENDIX. 321 
 
 Note MM.— Vol I., page 221. 
 
 As an example of the arbitrary way in wticli these mono- 
 polies were granted, we may quote from Mr. Bruce's Preface 
 to the volume of the Calendar of State Papers referred to in 
 the preceding note. " On the western side of Great Yarmouth 
 there lies a wide extent of marsh lands stretching inland 
 almost to Norwich. These valuable marshes had at various 
 and in some cases at far distant periods been won by the 
 adjoining proprietors by embankment. In the time of 
 Charles I. the manufacture of salt was a favourite branch of 
 commercial industry, and, with a view to its promotion, various 
 persons and companies obtained grants of extensive and 
 valuable monopolies, for which they paid large sums to the 
 Crown. Among these speculators there were two persons, 
 named Nicholas Murford and Christopher Hanworth, whose 
 salt-works were established in the immediate neighbourhood 
 of Great Yarmouth. Murford and Hanworth looked with 
 longing eyes upon the broad expanse of this adjoining marsh, 
 and, alleging that it had been won from the sea, endeavoured 
 to make it appear that it belonged to the King by legal right. 
 An opinion was given by some of the King's counsel in favour 
 of this pretended title, and the King was advised to write to 
 the principal possessors of the marshes, including among them 
 Sir John Wentworth, the owner of Somerleyton, and "William 
 Paston, the sheriff of Noifolk for 1636, apprising them that 
 his Majesty had intended to settle these lands by Eoyal 
 authoritj' for the manufacture of salt ' against all such as pre- 
 tend themselves to be owners,' but that finding Murford and 
 Hanworth to be willing to yield some satisfaction to the pre- 
 sent possessors, the King recommended them to treat with the 
 salt-makers, lest otherwise he should use the power of his 
 right. 
 
 " Startled by a claim enforced in a manner so peremptory. 
 Sir John Wentworth and William Paston addressed the King 
 by petition in a very calm and humble manner. They acknow- 
 ledged the receipt of the letters in which he had called upon 
 them to yield up their 'proper inheritance' upon terms of 
 composition. They alleged the great prejudice that would 
 
 VOL. ir. T 
 
322 APPENDIX. 
 
 result to the town of Yarmoiitli from the proposed application 
 of their marshes, and the consequent want of pasture for horses 
 and cattle. They denied that the marshes were ever over- 
 flown by the sea. They solicited the King to refer the business 
 to some persons of quality in that neighbourhood to examine 
 into the commodity pretended by the salt-makers, the unfitness 
 of the place far such a work, and the prejudice that might 
 ensue to the town, lands, and inhabitants. Finally, they 
 prayed that in the meantime their marshes might not be dis- 
 turbed. The King, whose foible it was never to see the real 
 character of the positions in which he placed himself, treated 
 the matter as if it had been a mere squabble between private 
 persons. He directed the Council to call the parties before 
 them and compose their differences, or otherwise to acquaint 
 him with their opinions. The Council probably saw the 
 matter in another light, for so far as we have gone we have 
 found no more about it." 
 
 Note NN.— Vol. I., page 221. 
 
 " Upon Sunday last, the King and the council sat again 
 upon the soap business ; and now it is determined that the 
 patentees for this new soap shall have power given to them to 
 seize upon all such soap as hath been made since the middle 
 of November last, or thereabouts ; to seize upon the pans and 
 all their other utensils belonging to the trade of soap-boiling, 
 and, lastly, to commit the soap-boilers themselves to prison. 
 It seems that the King and the Lords are well satisfied in 
 the goodness of this new soap, and that part hath been 
 adulterated by the procurement of the old company. Some 
 allege, that by putting into a barrel of soap a small quantity 
 of rhubarb or a glass of sack, either will make that barrel of 
 soap unserviceable. 
 
 " It is granted that this new soap hath blistered the washers' 
 hands, and done other mischiefs. But then again, it is 
 believed that the soap was sophisticated with some obnoxious 
 matter to work that mischief. It is said that there shall come 
 forth a Proclamation concerning it. Then shall we know 
 what to trust to." — Court and Times of Charles I. 
 
APPENDIX. 323 
 
 Note 00.— Vol. I., page 221. 
 
 " It appears by p. 241 of the 20tli vol. of the ' Foedera ' that 
 the wine merchants and vintners of England having agreed to 
 pay 40«. a ton to King Charles, for all the wines they should 
 import ; that the king, in return, ' prohibits the wine-coopers, . 
 who had already crept into the wine trade, from importing 
 wines.' And by the same record it further appears that 
 licences for retailing of wines were then under the manage- 
 ment of the Vintners' Company, for his Majesty's benefit. 
 The king also hereby directs that ' the custom of retailing of 
 wines and bottles and other undue measures be laid aside, and 
 that all wines be retailed by just measures alone.' " — Herbert's 
 History of the Twelve Great lAvery Companies of England. 1836. 
 
 Note PP.— Vol. I., page 223. 
 
 An " Ordinance of both Houses " was issued August 26th, 
 1642, "inhibiting the importation of Currans." The pre- 
 amble states that " it is found by daily experience, that the 
 Importation of Currans into this Kingdome (it being a Com- 
 modity of little or no use at all, but a meere superfluity, and 
 may well bee spared) is a matter of great concernment, not 
 only to the Merchant, but to this Nation, in regard the said 
 Commodity cannot be had in the parts beyond the Seas, where 
 the same are brought, without ready money, an hundred thou- 
 sand pound per annum at least being bestowed in Currans, 
 which otherwise would be brought into this Kingdome, is 
 wholly diverted, whereas formerly (till of later yeafes) the said 
 Currans were bought for Commodities of this Kingdome, ex- 
 ported hence of small value." 
 
 Note QQ.— Vol. I., p. 241. 
 
 " Westminster Hall is a roome as long as broad if not more 
 than the outer house of the High Church of Glasgow, suppon- 
 ing the pillars wer removed. In the midst of it was erected 
 a stage like to that prepared for the Assemblie of Glasgow, but 
 
 T 2 
 
324 APPENDIX. 
 
 much more large, taking up the breadth of the whole House 
 from wall to wall, and of the length more than a thrid part. 
 At the north end was set a throne for the King, and a chayre 
 for the Prince ; before it lay a large wooU-seck, covered with 
 green, for my Lord Steward, the Earle,of Arundaill; beneath 
 it lay two other seeks for my Lord Keeper and the Judges, 
 with the rest of the Chancerie, all in their red robes. Beneath 
 this a little table for four or fyve Clerks of the Parliament in 
 their black gouns ; round about these some furmes covered 
 with green freese, whereupon the Earles and Lords did sitt in 
 their red robes, of that same fashion, lyned with the same 
 whyte ermine skinnes, as you see the robes of our Lords when 
 they ryde in Parliament ; the Lords on their right sleeve 
 having two barres of whyte skinnes, the Viscounts, two and ane 
 lialf, the Earles three, the Marquess of Wincester three and 
 ane half. England haf h no more Marquesses : and he hot one 
 late upstart of creature of Queene Elizabeth's. Hamilton goes 
 here bot among the Earles, and that a late one. Dukes, they 
 have none in Parliament : York, Eichmond, and Bucking- 
 hame are but boyes ; Lennox goeth among the late Earles. 
 Behinde the formes where the Lords sitt, there is a barr 
 covered with green : at the one enfi standeth the Committee 
 of eight or ten Gentlemen, appoynted by the House of Com- 
 mons to pursue ; at the midst there is a little dask, where the 
 prisoner Strafford stands and sitts as he pleaseth, together 
 with his keeper, Sir William Balfour, the Lieutenant of the 
 Tower. At the back of this is a dask, for Strafford's four 
 secretars, who carries his papers- and assists him in writing 
 and reading ; at their side is a voyd for witnesses to stand ; and 
 behinde them a long dask at the wall of the room for Strafford's 
 counsell-at-law, some five or six able lawers, who were [not] 
 permitted to disputt in matter of fact, bot questions of right, 
 if any should be incident. This is the order of the House 
 below on the floore ; the same that is used dailie in the Higher 
 House. Upon the two sides of the House, east and west, 
 there arose a stage of elevin ranks of formes, the highest touch- 
 ing almost the roof; everie one of these formes went from the 
 one end of the roome to the other, and contained about fortie 
 men ; the two highest were divided from the rest by a raill. 
 
APPENDIX. 325 
 
 and a raill cntted off at everie end some seattB. The gentlemen 
 of the Lower House did sitt within the raile, others without. 
 All the doores were keeped veire straitlie with guards ; we 
 always behooved to be there a little after five in the morning. 
 My Lord Willoughbie Earle of Lindesay, Lord Chamberland 
 of England (Pembroke is Chamberland of the Court) ordered 
 the House, with great difficultie. James Maxwell, Black-Eod, 
 was great usher ; a number of other servant Gentlemen and 
 Knights assisted. By favour we got place within the raile, 
 among the Commons. The House was full dailie before 
 seven ; against eight the Earle of Strafford came in his barge 
 from the Tower, accompanied with the Lieutenant and a guard 
 of musqueteers and halberders. The Lords, in their robes, 
 were sett about eight ; the King was usuallie halfe ane howre 
 before them : he came not into his throne, for that would have 
 marred the action ; for it is the order of England, that when 
 the King appears, he speaks what he will, bot no other speaks 
 in his presence. At the back of the throne, there was two 
 roomes on the two sydes ; in the one did Duke de Vanden, 
 Duke de Vallet, and other French nobles sitt ; in the other, 
 the King, Queen, Princesse Mary, the Prince Elector, and 
 some Court ladies ; the tirlies, that made them to be secret, 
 the King brake down with his own hands ; so they satt in the 
 eye of all, bot little more regarded than if they had been 
 absent ; for the Lords satt all covered ; these of the Lower 
 House, and all other except the French noblemen, satt dis- 
 covered when the Lords came, not else. A number of ladies 
 was in the boxes, above the railes, for which they payed much 
 money. It was dailie the most glorious Assemblie the Isle 
 could afford ; yet the gravitie not such as I expected ; oft 
 great clamour without about the doores ; in the intervalles, 
 while {Strafford was making readie for answers, the Lords gott 
 alwayes to their feet, walked and clattered ; the Lower House 
 men too loud clattering ; after ten houres, much publict eating, 
 not onlie of confectious, bot of flesh and bread, bottles of beer 
 and wine going thick from mouth to mouth without cups, and 
 all this in the King's eye." — JB. Baillie's Letters, vol. i. p. 314. 
 Bannatyne' Glub, Edinburgh, 1814. 
 
326 APPENDIX. 
 
 Note EE.— Vol. I., page 246. 
 
 There were some who held a different opinion from that of 
 our author. Evelyn wrote on the same subject : — 
 
 " On the 12th of May, I beheld on Tower-hill the fatal 
 stroke which severed the wisest head in England from the 
 shouldei s of the Earl of Strafford, whose crime coming under 
 the cognizance of no human law, or statute, a new one was 
 made, not to be a precedent, but his destruction. With what 
 reluctancy the King signed the execution, he has sufficiently 
 expressed ; to which he imputes his own unjust suffering — to 
 such exorbitancy were things arrived." — Diary and Correspond- 
 ence of John Evelyn. London, 1850. 
 
 Note SS.— Vol. I., page 253. 
 
 " Monday, May 10, 1641. — An information was also given in, 
 or at least so pretended, to render the Archbishop more Odious 
 to the Populace, and to exasperate them against Him and the 
 Best of the Bishops, that there were great Stores of Arms and 
 Ammunition laid up at Lambeth, in Order, as was buzzed about 
 among the Faction, to promote some ill Designs against the 
 Parliament ; whereupon Sir John Evelyn and Mr. Broxam were 
 Ordered to go over to Lambeth, to view what Arms were there ; 
 and some others were appointed to search about the Parliament 
 House, lest any Plot should be secretly hid there ; or rather 
 in truth to amuse the People by these strange Fears and 
 Jealousies, and keep them up in that Heat in which they were 
 against the Government." — Nalson's Collections, vol. ii. p. 236. 
 
 " Information being also given to the Parliament, of store 
 of Armes and Ammunition laid up by that Archplotter, the 
 Arch-Prelate of Canterbury, at Larnheth-hoTJise, about 200 foot 
 and a troope of horse were sent to search the said house ; 
 where they found excellent Armes for at least foure or five 
 hundred men, which also were all taken thence, and brought 
 into Guild-hall in London, and there safely laid up for better 
 uses." — Vicars' Jehovah Jireh, 1 644. 
 
 "... the greatest part of them being very new and com- 
 pleat Arms." — Oertaine Speciall and Bemarkable Passages for 
 both Houses of Parliament. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 Note TT.— Vol. I., page 259. 
 
 I. e., " the court military, or, court of chivalry. The jurisdiction 
 of which is declared by statute ]3 Eic. ii. c. 2, to he this: 
 ' that it hath cognizance of contracts touching deeds of arms 
 or of war, out of the realm, and also of things which touch 
 war within the realm, which cannot be determined or dis- 
 cussed by the common law ; together with usages and customs 
 to the same matters appertaining.' So that wherever the 
 common law can give redress, this court hath no jurisdiction. 
 .... The words ' other usages and customs,' support the 
 claim of this court. 1. To give relief to such of the nobility 
 and gentry as think themselves aggrieved in matters of 
 honour ; and, 2. To keep up the distinction of degrees and 
 quality. Whence it follows, that the civil jurisdiction of this 
 court of chivalry is principally in two points ; the redressing 
 injuries of honour, and correcting encroachments in matters 
 of coat-armour, precedency, and other distinctions of families. 
 
 " As a court of honour, it is to give satisfaction to all such 
 as are aggrieved on that point ; a point of nature so nice and 
 delicate, that its wrongs and injuries escape the notice of the 
 common law, and yet are fit to be redressed somewhere. 
 Such, for instance, as calling a man coward, or giving him the 
 lie ; for which, as they are productive of no immediate danger 
 to his person or property, no action will lie in the courts at 
 Westminster ; and yet they are such injuries as will prompt 
 every man of spirit to some honourable amends, which by the 
 antient law of the land was appointed to be given in the court 
 of chivalry .... it is the business of this court, according 
 to Sir Matthew Hale, to adjust the right of armorial ensigns, 
 bearing crests, supporters, pennons, &c., and also rights of 
 
 place or precedence The marshalling of coat-armour, 
 
 which was formerly the pride and study of all the best 
 families in the kingdom, is now greatly disregarded ; and has 
 fallen into the hands of certain officers and attendants upon 
 this court, called heralds." — Blackstone's Commentaries. 
 
328 APPENDIX. 
 
 Note UU.— Vol. I., page 276. 
 
 " No setled peace was ever formerly intended, nor can 
 now be futurely expected, in England or Ireland, without an 
 universall publike toleration (at the least) of Popery, and a. 
 repeale and suspention of all Lawes against it ; this being the, 
 very condition in the plot which the King must condescend to, 
 ere the Papists would ingage themselves to assist him in 
 these warres thus raised by them, for this end : and that none 
 may doubt this verity ; the late most insolent bold demands 
 of the Irish rebels in the treaty with them, the most favourable 
 Articles of Pacification granted to them, the present suspention 
 of all lawes against Priests and Eecusants in all Counties 
 under his Majestie's power ; the uncontrolled multitudes of 
 Masses in his Armies' Quarters, Wales, the North, and else- 
 where; the open boasts of Papists every where, the intro- 
 ducing of thousands of Irish Kebels, and other Fugitives, to 
 extirpate the Protestant Bdigion, most really proclaim it." — 
 Prynne's Bome's Master-peece, second edition, 1644. 
 
 Note VV.— Vol. I., page 283. 
 
 Articles of High Treason, and other Misdemeanours, against 
 the Lord Kymholton, Mr. Pym, John Hampden, Denzil Hollisi 
 Sir Arthur Haslerig, and William Strode, being all Members 
 of the House of Commons. 
 
 I. That they have traterously endeavoured to subvert the 
 Fundamentall Lawes and Government of this Kingdome, and 
 deprive the King of his Legall power, and to place on Subjects 
 an Arbitrary and tyranicall power. 
 
 II. That they have endeavoured by many foule aspersions 
 upon his Majesty and his Government, to alienate the affections 
 of his people, and to make his Majesty odious to them. 
 
 III. That they have endeavoured to draw his Majestie's late 
 Army to disobedience to his Majestie's commands, and to side 
 with them in their Trayterous designe. 
 
 IV. That they have Trayterously invited and encouraged 
 
APPENDIX. 329 
 
 a forraigne power to invade his Majestie's Kingdome of 
 England. 
 
 V. That they have Traitorously jndeavoured to Subvert the 
 very Eights and Being of Parliaments. 
 
 VI. That for the completing of their trayterous designes, 
 they have endeavoured as farre as in them lay, \>y force 
 and terror, to compell the Parliament to joyne with them 
 in their Trayterous designes, and to that end have actually 
 raised and countenanced Tumults against the King and Par- 
 liament. 
 
 VII. That they have trayterously conspired to Leavy, and 
 actually have Leavied, warre against the King. — Prom An Exact 
 Collection of all Remonstrances, Declarations, Votes, Orders, Ordi- 
 nances, &c. which were formerly published either by the King's 
 Majestie's Command, or hy Order from One or both Houses of 
 Paeliament. London, 1643. 
 
 Note WW.— Vol. I., page 283. 
 
 "Die LuncB, 8 Januar. 1641. — It is this day ordered upon the 
 question, by the Commons House of Parliament, That if any 
 persons whatsoever shall come to the Lodgings of any Member 
 of this House, and there doe offer to scale the Trunks, Doores, 
 or Papers of any Members of this House, or to sieze upon 
 their persons ; That then such Members shall require the aid 
 of the Constable, to keepe such persons in safe custodie, till 
 this House doe give further Orders. And this House doth 
 further declare. That if any person whatsoever, shall offer to 
 arrest or detaine the person of any Member of this House, 
 without first acquainting this House therewith, and receiving 
 further Order from this House : That it is lawful! for such 
 Member or any person, to resist him, and to stand upon his, 
 and their guard of defence, and to make resistance, accord- 
 ing to the Protestation taken, to defend the priviledges of 
 Parliament." — H. Elsynge, Cler. Pari. D. Com. — An Exact Col- 
 leciicm, &c. 
 
330 APPENDIX. 
 
 Note XX.— Vol. I., page 284. 
 " Sis Maiestie's Speech in the House of Commons, 4° Januarii 1641. 
 
 " Gentlemen, — I am sorry for this occasion of comming unto 
 you: yesterday I sent a Sergeant-at-Arms upon a very im- 
 portant occasion, to apprehend some that by my command 
 were accused of high Treason, whereunto I did expect 
 Obedience, and not a Message. And I must declare unto you 
 here that albeit no King that ever was in England shal be 
 more carefull of your Priviledges, to maintain them to the 
 uttermost of his power then I shall be ; yet you must know, 
 that in cases of Treason no person hath a priviledge, and 
 therfore I am come to know if any of those persons that were 
 accused are here : for I must tell you. Gentlemen, that so long 
 as these persons that I have accused (for no slight crime, but 
 for Treason) are here, I cannot expect that this House can be 
 in the right way that I do heartily wish it : Therefore I am 
 come to tell you, that I must have them wheresoever I find 
 them : well, sithence I see all the Birds are flown, I do expect 
 from you that you shall send them unto me as soone as they 
 returne hither : But I assure you, in the word of a King, I 
 never did intend any force, but shall proceed against them in 
 a legall and faire way, for I never meant any other. 
 
 " And now sithence I see I cannot doe what I came for, I 
 thinke this no unfit occasion to repeat what I have said for- 
 merly ; That whatsoever 1 have done in favour, and to the 
 good of my Subjects, I doe mean to maintains it. 
 
 " I will trouble you no more, but tell you, I doe expect as 
 soon as they come to the House, you will send them to me, 
 otherwise I must take my owne course to finde them." — An 
 Exact Collection, &c. 
 
 Note YY.— Vol. I., page 291, and Vol. II., page 15. 
 
 " The carrying up these petitions to Westminster, and 
 especially that of the London apprentices, occasioned great 
 tumults about the parliament-house. The king was at his 
 palace at Whitehall, attended by a great number of disbanded 
 
APPENDIX. 331 
 
 officers, whom his majesty received with great ceremony, and 
 employed as a guard to his royal person. These officers in- 
 sulted the common people, and gave them ill language as they 
 passed by the court to the parliament-house, crying out, No 
 bishops, no Popish lords ! If the people ventured to reply, 
 the officers followed their reproaches with cuts and lashes, 
 which, saj's lord Clarendon, produced some wounds, and drew 
 blood. Mr. Baxter says, they came out of Whitehall, and 
 catched some of them, and cut off their ears. From these 
 skirmishes, and from the shortness of the apprentices' hair, 
 which was cut close about their ears, the two parties began to 
 be first distinguished by the names of Eoundhead and 
 Cavalier." — Neal's Puritans, ii. 449. 
 
 See " A Trve Eelation of the unparaleld Breach of Parlia- 
 ment by his Maiesty, as is conceived the 4 of January, 1641, 
 Being instigated thereunto by unadvised Counsels, under 
 pretence of a legall Proceeding. Together with a Eelation of 
 the Hostile intention upon the House of Commons, by Captaine 
 Hyde, and those other Cavaliers and Souldiers that accom- 
 panied his Majesty in a warlike manner, armed with swords, 
 Pistols and Dragonnes. And also a Eelation of the free and 
 Voluntary offers of the Trayned Bands of the City of London, 
 of the Masters of Ships, Mariners, and Seamen, of the Appren- 
 tices of London, of the Trayned Bands of Southwarke, and of 
 the Watermen upon the Thames, to defend the King and Par- 
 liament against malignant Councils, and plots of Papists. 
 Likewise how certaine multitudes of Countreymen came to 
 present their humble Petitions to the Parliament." — London, 
 1641. 
 
 Note ZZ.— Vol. I., page 301. 
 
 " The Irish nation is a people both proud and envious. The 
 Commonaltie ignorant and illiterate, poor, and lazie : and will 
 rather beg or starve than work ; and therefore fit subjects for 
 the Priests and Jesuits to spur on upon such bloudy actions 
 and murtherous designes. 
 
 " It is too well known that the Irish have murthered of the 
 Protestant party in the provinces of Vlster, Leinster, Con- 
 
332 APPENDIX. 
 
 naght, and Munster, of men, women, and children, the number 
 of fifty thousand as it is credibly reported by Englishmen, 
 who have been over all parts of the kingdom." — From 
 " Ireland's blood cries ; A true Description of sundry sad and 
 lamentable Collections, taken from the mouths of very credible 
 Persons, and out of Letters sent from Ireland to this Citie of 
 London, of the perfidious outrages and barbarous cruelties 
 which the Irish Papists have committed upon the persons of 
 the Protestants, both men, women, and children, in that King- 
 dom, since Anno Dom. 1641." — 1646. 
 
 Note AAA. — Vol. 11., page 6. 
 
 The Women seem to have taken a vivid interest in the 
 politics of the day. This petition appears to have been pre- 
 sented after the noted one in which they approached the 
 House " like the woman of Tekoah," seeking peace, security, 
 and the reformation of religion, on which occasion the bearers 
 of the petition received their answer from Mr. Pym, in the 
 name of the House. We also find amongst otiers one with 
 this title : — 
 
 " To the Eight Honourable the House of Peeres Now As- 
 sembled in Parliament, The humble Petition of many thousands 
 of Courtier's, Citizen's, Gentlemen's, and Tradesmen's Wives, 
 inhabiting the Cities of London and Westminster, concerning 
 the staying of the Queene's intended voyage into Holland, 
 with many serious causes and weighty reasons (which they 
 desire) may induce the Honourable House to detain Her 
 Majestic. — Presented and read in the Rouse by the Lord Mande- 
 vill, the 10th of February, 1641.— London. Printed for T. 
 Sale, 1641." — King's Pamphlets. 
 
 Nor were the Women of London the only dames who came 
 forward with their petitions. Those of Bristol, and of Lei- 
 cester, represented the sorrows of their respective towns. 
 
 The Women of Leicester petitioned the King against " the 
 turbulent carriages of Master Hastings (whom your Majesty 
 hath lately made High Sheriffe) in assaulting our said Towne 
 in the dead time of the night, with Troopeis of Horse and 
 armed men." The petition was presented to; the King at 
 
APPENDIX. 333 
 
 Leicester, July 24, 1642, " by many women of the best 
 rancke there. London. Printed in tlie yeere 1642." 
 
 The London ladies were, however, the most resolute in the 
 kingdom. Here is an account of another of their petitions : — 
 
 " On Tuesday the first of February .... also was another 
 Petition delivered to the Lords by a company of Women,' 
 about the number of 400, desiring an answer of their petition 
 delivered the day before, and attending there for the delivery 
 thereof, the Duke of Lenox coming to the House, they 
 presented him their petition, who answered : Away with 
 these women, wee were best to have a parliament of Women. 
 Whereupon some of the Women interrupting his passage, 
 catched hold of his staffe, humbly desiring him to receive 
 their petition, upon which the Duke being moved, offered to 
 draw back his staffe, after which they delivered their petition 
 to the Lord Savage, who presented it to the Lords, and upon 
 reading, and some debate thereof, thej' gave orders that twelve 
 of the petitioners should be called into the house, [to declare 
 their grievances, which was done accordingly." — The True 
 Diurnall Occurrences, 1642. — King's Pamphlets. 
 
 It is not to be wondered at that this feminine activity 
 afforded the wits of the day matter for fun and sarcasm ; and 
 a curious squib appeared, with the following title : — 
 
 " The Petition of the Weamen of Middlesex, Which they 
 intended to have presented to the High Court of Parliament, 
 but shewing of it to some of their friends they dissuaded 
 them from it, until it should please God to endue them with 
 more wit, and lesse Non-sence. Subscribed with the Names 
 of above 12,000. ' We desire that Altars may be altered, and 
 that haters of our petition may be haltered.'" — London. 
 Printed for William Bowden. 1641. — King's Pamphlets. 
 
 XoTE BBB.— Vol. II., page 7. 
 
 " This Crosse in Cheapside was first erected as I have said, 
 by Edward the first, in commemoration of his Queen whose 
 name was Ellenor ; Secondly, it was then builded for an 
 Ornament to the City, being placed in the chiefest place or 
 streete of the said City, and therefore was thought and held 
 
334 APPENDIX. 
 
 at that time for a glorious Fabricke, and would continue there, 
 for antiquity sake, rather^ then to give an occasion of offence 
 to any ; It hath now stood near upon 400, or five hundred 
 j'eares, still repaired and beautified, but never suffered mar- 
 tirdome till now ; it hath beene twelve severall times adorned 
 and decored in all ages ; and was ever held a gracefuU 
 Tabricke to London, till of late yeares ; untill indeed many 
 superstitious and foolish people have publickly adored and 
 worshipped it as they have gone by it ; which offence is the 
 maine cause of its pulling downe and defacing. 
 
 "... therefore seeing no redresse or helpe for the sup- 
 pression of it ; the Common Counsell of London did Petition 
 to the honourable Houses of Parliament for relefe in this case, 
 which was soon granted, and had a warrant to take it downe, 
 by all the faire meanes theiy could devise, calling to their ayd 
 the Trained bands of the City for their defence, because no 
 uproare might arise thereby, and that no blood might be 
 spilt ; because divers people had given out they would rather 
 lose their lives then it should down ; down it must, and it is 
 so ordered to be taken downe that the materials may be made 
 usefuU other way, and that they should be sold for a valuable 
 consideration ; the materials being most lead, iron, and stones ; 
 some report divers of the Crownes and Scepters are silver ; 
 besides the rich gold that it is guilded with, which as it is 
 reported, may be filed and taken off, and yield a good value ; 
 so that divers have offered some 400Z., some 500Z., but they 
 that bid must offer lOOOZ. for it ; and so this Tuesday it 
 is a taking down with a great deal of judgement and dis- 
 cretion, and foure Companies of the Trane Bands of the City 
 to guard and defend those that are about the worke, and to 
 keepe others from domineering, and so I leave it to bee made 
 levell with the ground this second day of May 1643." — From 
 The Doiime-fall of Dagon, or the talcing downe of Cheapside 
 
 " The House also tooke into consideration, the superstitious 
 use of Cheaipside-Crosse, and concurred with the Citie to have 
 it removed; a very good worke when the chiefe Magistrates 
 reforme, the adversary is silenced, but when things are reformed 
 
APPENDIX. 335 
 
 by the multitude, it begets clamour, and takes off the hearts 
 of many from the Magistracy : If any say, it was needlesse, 
 they are mistaken, ignorant people are much taken with 
 babyes ; and besides, the Papists seeing their gods throwne 
 downe, will be out of hope, and so either be packing to Epme, 
 or goe to Church." — From Speciall Passages, Numb. 38. 
 
 Note CCC— Vol. 11., page 42. 
 
 " For this Day a Message was brought from the House ot 
 Commons by John Hampden, Esq., to let their Lordships know. 
 That this Day tliere came a Man to the Door of the House of 
 Commons, and sent in Word, That he had Matters of a high Nature 
 to reveal, concerning some Lords and Members of the House of 
 Commons ; Upon this the House sent forth some Members to 
 speak with the Man, who acquainting the House with some 
 Discourse they had with him, the Commons sent for him in, 
 who beginning to relate the Business, the House of Commons 
 would not suffer him to name any Person, lest the Parties 
 hearing of it, should Fly. And because it concerned some 
 Peers of this House, the House of Commons have sent the 
 Man, who is now at the Door, ready to be Examined openly, 
 or in what manner else their Lordships in their Wisdom shall 
 think fit. Then Thomas Deal, a Taylor dwelling in Wliite- 
 Cross Street, was called in and made a Eelation of the whole 
 Matter, with all the Circumstances, which was as follows : — 
 
 " That this day at Twelve of the Clock, he went into the Fields 
 near unto the Pest-House, and walking on a private Bank, he heard 
 some talking, hut did not see them at first, hut finding them by the 
 Voice, he coming within hearing of them, understood they talked of 
 State Affairs : and going nearer them, he heard one of them say, 
 that it was a wicked thing that the last Plot did not take, but if this 
 goes on, as is in Hand and intended, they shall he all made. And 
 also heard them say That there was 108 Men appointed, to kill 
 108 Persons of the Parliament, every One his Man, some were 
 Lords, and the others were to he Members of the Home of Commons, 
 all Puritans ; and the Sacrament was to he Administered to the 
 108 Men for performing of this; and those that killed the Lords 
 were to have 101. and those that were to kiU the Members of the 
 
336 APPENDIX. 
 
 House of Commons '40a. That Gorges heing the 37th Man, had 
 taken the Sacrament on Saturday, to hill one of the Souse of 
 Commons, and had received 4:0s." — Nalson's Collection. 
 
 Note DDD.— Vol. II., page 53. 
 
 " Much about wliich time, a most impious and malicious- 
 hearted fellow audaciously sent a Letter to the Parliament, 
 directed and endorsed to that ever most highly honoured 
 Member of the House of Commons, Mr. Pirn, a most pious 
 Patriot of his Country, and in it a filthy fresh plaster taken 
 from the plague-sore, expressing in the letter what it was, and 
 why 'twas sent, namely, in hope that the very sudden sight 
 and thought on it (he being in the Parliament House) might 
 and would damp and dead his lieart with fear, and so have 
 infected the worthj' Gentleman to death with it. A Copy of 
 which letter I have thought fit here to insert that the Eeader 
 may see the odipnsness of it and this action more fully. 
 
 " The Copy of the Letter sent to Mr. Pirn, in the Parliament 
 House, with a filthy plague-sore plaster in it. 
 
 " Master Pim, do not thinh that a guard' of men can protect you, 
 if you persist in your traiterous courses, and wicked designs. I 
 have sent a paper messenger to you, and if this do not touch your 
 heart, a Dagger shall, so soon as I have recovered of my plague-sore. 
 In the mean time, you may he forborne, because no better man may 
 be endangered for you. „ ^^^^^^ ^^^.^^^_ 
 
 " Which Letter was delivered, I say, as Mr. Pim went into 
 the Parliament, But, contrary to the wicked intention of the 
 master and message God preserved this noble Gentleman from 
 the intended evil thereof. For this undaunted, and conscience- 
 unspotted, courageous Worthy . . . this piously valorous- 
 hearted Gentleman, Mr. Pim, was nothing at all disheartened 
 or distempered at the sight of the plaster, nor with the wicked 
 threats which that Atheistical wretch sent besides in the 
 letter, to stab him with his Dagger if that plaster failed, God, 
 having hitherto preserved him (and I trust so will) a most 
 loyal subject to his Sovereign, and a most prudent and painful 
 
APPENDIX. 337 
 
 promoter of the best good in Cliurcli and Commonwealth." — 
 Vicars' Jehovah JireJi. London, 1644. 
 
 Note EEE.— Vol. II., page 58. 
 
 " Die Sabbati, 26° Martii. 1642. 
 
 " Message from the Lords .... That the Lords are in- 
 formed by the Eelation of Sir Philip Cartwright, by Intelligence 
 out of France, that Seven thousand Men are raising in France, 
 in Normandy, and Picardy : And thereupon have appointed 
 him to wait on this .... to make relation thereof: And 
 
 " Sir Philip Cartwright was called in : And Mr. Speaker 
 acquainted him, that the Lords had sent them Word, that they 
 had received Information from him of some Forces raised in 
 France ; of which Particulars the House desired from hinj a 
 particular Information ; 
 
 " Sir Philip Carterett said. He had received Informations 
 from very good Hands, that there are Seven thousand Men 
 I'aised in the Provinces of Normandie and Picardie besides the 
 Five thousand Men formerly appointed to be raised : The 
 which Five thousand Men were appointed to be transported 
 by the 5th of April, according to our Computation ; as, bj^ 
 former Letters, he had formerly acquainted the Parliament. 
 .... To go to the Lord Admiral, to know of him in what 
 particular State the Ships for this Summer's Fleet are." — Com- 
 mons' Journals. 
 
 Note FFF.— Vol. 11^ page 63. 
 
 " There was a great Hurllyburly at Guild Hall in London 
 on Munday last by a company of Malignants that came to the 
 common Councell (then sitting) to gett their hands to a 
 Petition wliich they pretended to be for peace, blit in truth 
 a very seditious and obusive thing as by any indifferent 
 iudgement may easie be disemed a coppy whereof being 
 extant in print, it is said to be framed by the Oxfordians, or 
 as some thiuke by that good instrument the Arch-Bishoppe 
 of Yorke, and sent to the Citty to disturbe the proceedings 
 of the Parliament, deceiving the Subjects with a pretence of 
 
 VOL. II. Z 
 
338 APPENDIX. 
 
 peace wlien no sucli thing by the petition is really intended, 
 unlesse such a peace as must force us yeald our selves slaves 
 and vassalls to Traytors, Papists and Malignants if not in 
 a little time prove the destruction of all Eeligion, Lawes, 
 
 liberties, Parliament, and Kingdome The Passages 
 
 about this Petition was informed to the Parliament, and how 
 the Petitioners upon their being in Guild-hall abused some of 
 the Garrison Soldiers comming amongst them in an orderly 
 manner, calling them Parliament Eogues and Eoundheads, 
 disarming and further abusing of them, and whiles one part of 
 them cryed out Peace, Peace, another part cryed out Peace and 
 Truth together, but that displeasing some of them they cryed 
 out cursing and swearing, hang truth lett's have peace on any 
 termes and let trueth follow, which words may well argue what 
 desires these men have of an Honourable and lasting peace. 
 
 One of the chiefe Agents in that Businesse was the 
 
 Master of the Baregarden .... the combustion about this 
 Petition was so great at Guild-Hall, that two Troopes of Horse, 
 and a great part of the Trained Bands were raised to allay the 
 Tumult." — A Continuation of certain Speciall and Bemarkahle 
 Passages, &c.. Number 23. 
 
 " Info]mation being given to Colonel BandaM Manwaring, 
 who is appointed by the Committee of the Milicia of the Citie 
 of London to execute the place of Serjeant Major Generall 
 Skippon, that a multitude of seditious persons and turbulent 
 were assembled at Guild-Hall, London, under pretence of pro- 
 moting a Petition for Peace, and that they were drawing Swords 
 one among another : the said Col. directed Cap. Sarvey to go 
 with his Troop of horse to Guild-Hall to ajipease the said 
 Tunmlt. And comming thither- the said Cap. Harvey found a 
 great multitude in the Porch and j-ard of the said Hall with 
 their swords drawn fighting ; where one John Drury was 
 apprehended who was one of the Petitioners and had a drawne 
 sword in his hand ; very many of the rest retreated into the 
 Hall with their swords drawne, shut the dores and barricadoed 
 the same with Stooles, Formes and Tables and other Lumber, 
 and refused to open the dore, or give any account of that 
 uprore, but stood upon their guard. So that the said Colonel 
 and Captaine were forced for the prevention of further mischiefe. 
 
APPENDIX. 339 
 
 and for the preservation of the Major, Aldermen, and Common 
 Councell then sitting in the usuall place of the Hall beyond 
 them, to bring two pieces of Ordnance, and caused the same to 
 be planted by forcing the said Gate, And giving notice of their 
 intention first to the said persons assembled within the Hall ; 
 they within desired a Parley, and declared by one Charles 
 Jennings, That they were then willing all to depart quietly." 
 — The Image of the Malignants' Peace. 
 
 " This day the Major of London, the Sheriffes and Aldermen, 
 with many other Citizens came to the House of Commons and 
 presented a petition in the name of themselves, and the whole 
 
 City, it being directed to the Lords and Commons In 
 
 this petition of the City, they doe likewise disclaim the former 
 crosse petition which was brought in a tumultous maner 
 directed to the Lords, the same not being with the consent of 
 the whole body of the City, but by some few disaffected persons 
 that drew on some others under a sweet pretence of Peace, 
 when it is justly suspected that the chief actours therein did 
 secretly intende to increase the distractions in the City and 
 whole Kingdome, and therefore they desire that the chief 
 agents therein might be punished." — A Perfect Biurnall, dec. 
 Number 28. 
 
 Die LuncB. 12° Deeerribris. "Mr. Whittacres presents in 
 Writing, the Examination in Writing, concerning the Words 
 expressed by the Master of the Beare Garden " That he would 
 cut the Throats of those that refused to subscribe a Petition : " 
 Whereupon 
 
 It was Besolved, upon the Question, That Mr. Godfrey, 
 Master of the Beare Garden, shall be forthwith committed to 
 Newgate ; there to remain during the Pleasure of this House. 
 
 Ordered, That the Master of the Beare Garden, and all other 
 Persons who have Interest there, be injoined and required by 
 this House, That for the future they do not permit to be used 
 the Game of Bear-baiting in these Times of great Distractions, 
 till this House do give further Order therein." — Commons' 
 Journals. 1 642. 
 
 " Another seditious Petition (1 say) was hatched and con- 
 trived in Kent . . . Which Petition being on the 29rh of 
 Ajpril, 1642, brought to the Parliament by some of the prime 
 
 Z 2 
 
340 APPENDIX. 
 
 Jlalignant-ones (the rest of that rout, being some certain 
 thousands, remained at BlacMealh for an answer, but were 
 fair to depart with a flea in their ears) they received most 
 foul (but most just) disgraces at their entrances into the Citj', 
 the gate at the Bridge-foot was shut against them, thej' them- 
 selves were disarmed, their weapons being taken there from 
 them, two of their prime Leaders having exhibited their 
 Petition in Parliament, were committed to safe ciistody till fit 
 opportunity of further examination of their high contempt and 
 arrogancie. But immediately after, the truly religious, honest, 
 and well-affected party of the said County of Kent unanimous^ 
 also united themselves in an honest and loyal Petition, therein 
 utterly disavowing and protesting against that other seditious 
 and scandalous one, who were all, together with their Petition, 
 most courteously and lovingly entertained, and dismissed with 
 great thanks from the Parliament, for that their so honest and 
 peaceable demeanour." — Vicars' Jehovah Jireh. London, ] 644. 
 
 Note GGG.— Vol. II., page 70. 
 
 " And when the Houses issued out their Propositions for 
 bringing in of Money, Plate, and Sorses, to advance the 
 Warre against His. Majestic : what an unnecessary haste made 
 the wealthy citizens to cast into the publike Treasurie as much 
 as could be spared from their superfluities? How did the 
 Widows presse to cast in their Mites, the married Wives their 
 wedding-rings, the zealous Virgins their whole stocke, to 
 their Silver hodkins ? " — Lord have Mercie upon us : or, A Plaine 
 Discourse declaring that the Plague of Warre, which now wasts 
 this Nation, tooJce its beginning in and from the Citie of London. 
 
 " The people from all parts, both in Citie and Country, 
 ■set open the sluices and Floodgates of their affections to the 
 cause, and came gushing in with their Contributions ... to 
 see, I say, the people like so many numerous and swifte 
 swarmes of busie Bees in a Mid-May, and hot June, flocking 
 and flying to and fro to carry honey (or rather Money, Gold 
 and Silver Plate) to the hive or trastie Tieasurie . . . was 
 most admirable to behold by all spectators, who came daily 
 
APPENDIX. 341 
 
 in innumerable multitudes to see and admire the same." — 
 Vicars' Jehovah Jireh. London, 1644. 
 
 Note HHH.— Vol. II., page 77. 
 
 Commissioners of Array. — ■" The assise of arms, enacted 
 27 Hen. 2, and,afterwatds the statute of Winchester, 13 Edw. i. 
 obliged every man, according to his state and degree, to pro- 
 vide a quantity of such arms as were then in use ; and it was 
 part of the duty of constables under the latter statute to 
 see such arms provided. These weapons were changed by 
 4 and 5 P. & M. c. 2, into more modern ones ; but both these 
 provisions were repealed by 1 Jac. I., 21 Jac. I. While 
 these continued in force, it was usual, from time to time, for 
 our princes to issue commissions of array, and send into every 
 county officers in whom they could confide, to muster and 
 array (or to set in military order) the inhabitants of every 
 district, and the form of the commission of array was settled 
 in Parliament, anno 5 Hen. 4 . . . the introduction of these 
 commissions of lieutenancy . . . caused them to fall into dis- 
 use." — Blachstone. 
 
 Note III.— Vol. II., page 79. 
 
 On this very day, July 1 1th, the King sent the following 
 message to both houses of Parliament, with a proclamation, 
 " declaring our Purpose to go in our Royal Person to Hull, and 
 the true occasion and end thereof." 
 
 " By our former Declarations, and this our Proclamation 
 (which we herewith send you) you and all our good subjects, 
 may see the just Grounds of our present journey towards our 
 Town of Hull. Before we shall use force to reduce that 
 Place to its due Obedience, we have thought fit once more to 
 require you, that it may be forthwith delivered up to us, (the 
 business being of that nature, that it can admit no delay :) 
 wherein if you shall conform yourselves, we shall then be 
 wUling to admit such Addresses from you, and return such 
 Propositions to you, as may be proper to settle the Peace of 
 this Kingdom, and compose the present Distractions. Do your 
 
342 APPENDIX. 
 
 Duty herein, and be assured from us, in the word of a King, 
 that nothing shall be wanting on our part, that may prevent 
 the Calamities which threaten this nation, and may render 
 our people truly happy. If this our gracious invitation shall 
 be declined, God and all good Men judg betwixt us. We 
 shall expect to receive Satisfaction herein by your Answer to 
 be presented to us at Beverly, upon Friday next, being the 
 15th day of this present July. 
 
 " The two Houses of Parliament, before the Eeceipt of this 
 message of the 1 1th of July, had prepared and concluded the [a] 
 Petition to be presented to his Majesty, and therefore resolved 
 not to return any other Answer thereunto. But lest his Ma- 
 jesty should think it a delatoriness in the Parliament to 
 return an Answer, the two Houses sent the Author of these 
 Collections Post to Beverly, to acquaint his Majesty, that the 
 Earl of Holland, Sir John Holland, and Sir Philip Stapleton, 
 were coming down with a Petition of both Houses, in answer 
 to his Majesty's said Message of the 11th of July." ' 
 
 The subject of this Petition was that the King would "be 
 pleased to forbear and remove all Preparations and Actions 
 of War, particularly the Forces from about Hull, from New- 
 castle, Tinmouih, Lincoln a,nd Idncolnshire, and all other Places," 
 also to recall the Commissions of Array, to dismiss extra- 
 ordinary Guards bj' him raised ; to come nearer to the Parlia- 
 ment, " and hearken to their faithful Advice," and contained 
 the promise that they would be ready to lay down all those 
 preparations which they had been forced to make for their 
 defence. The King's reply entered minutely into the points 
 contained in the petition ; to the request to withdraw his 
 forces from Hull he thus answers: — "For the Forces about 
 HuU, his Majesty will remove them when he hath attained 
 the end for which they were brought thither. When Hull 
 shall be reduced again to his Subjection, he will no longer 
 have an Army before it ; and when he shall be assured that 
 the same necessity and pretence of publick good, which took 
 Hull from him, may not put a Garrison into Newcastle to keep 
 the same against him, he will remove his from thence, and 
 
 ' Rushworth. 
 
APPENDIX. 343 
 
 from Tinmouth ; till wben, the Example of Hull will not be 
 out of his Memory." 
 
 The following Proclamation was appended to the answer : — 
 
 " Charles E. — Our express Pleasure is, that this Petition 
 of the Lords and Commons, with our Answer thereto, be read 
 in all Churches and Chappels within the Kingdom of England 
 and Dominion of Wales, by the Parsons, Vicars or Curats of 
 the same."* 
 
 The Parliament published their reply in a similar manner: — 
 
 " Ordered by the Lords in Parliament, That the Petition 
 of the Lords and Commons in Parliament, delivered to his 
 Majesty the 16th daj"- of July; together with his Majesty's 
 Answer thereunto, and a Eeplication of the said Lords and 
 Commons to the said Answer, dated the 26th of July, 1642, 
 shall be read in all Churches and Chappels, within the King- 
 dom of England and Dominion of Wales, by the Parsons, Vicars, 
 or Curats of the >ame. 
 
 " John Browne, Cler. Parliamentorum." ' 
 
 " Mr. George, Vicar of Cople, Bedfordshire, having received 
 two Declarations from Parliament, and one from the King, 
 with a command from the Parliament that he should not 
 publish that from the King, says, ' Judge, whether I am to 
 obey God or Man-. By God's Word I am commanded to obey 
 the King. I find no such Command for the Parliament.' 
 Upon which he threw away the two Declarations ' scorn- 
 fully.' He" is committed to Newgate, and fined £100." * 
 
 Note JJJ.— Vol. IL, page 83. 
 
 " Mr. Hyde had been absent four or five days from the 
 court, and came into the presence when the King was wash- 
 ing his hands before dinner ; and as soon as the King saw 
 him, he asked him aloud, ' Ked Hyde, when did you play with 
 my band-strings last?' upon which he was exceedingly out of 
 
 * Rushworth. ' Ibid, * Parry's Parliaments of En^jland. 
 
344 APPENDIX. 
 
 countenance, not imagining the cause of the question, and the 
 room being full of gentlemen, who appeared to be merry with 
 what the king had asked. But his majesty observing him to 
 be in disorder, and to blush very much, Baid pleasantly, ' Be 
 not troubled at it, for I have worn no band-strings these 
 twenty years ;' and then asked him whether he had not seen the 
 diurnal ; of which he had not heard till then ; but shortly after, 
 some of the standers by shewed him a diurnal, in which there 
 was a letter of intelligence printed, where it was said that 
 Ned Hyde was grown so familiar with the King, that he used 
 to play with his band-strings. Which was a method of calum- 
 niating then, and shortly after prosecuted and exercised upon 
 much greater persons." — The Life of Edward Earl of Cla- 
 rendon, vol. i. p. 157. Oxford, 1827. 
 
 Note KKK.— Vol. II., page 110. 
 
 Tuesday, the fourth of October (1642). — "There was letters 
 read from Manchester, declaring the Proceedings of that town, 
 and the Lord Strange, who with 3000 souldiers have besieged 
 the same seven nights and sixe dayes, duly assaulting and 
 shooting to the same, that in all this time, none of the townes- 
 men are slaine by the enemy, but foure or five which were 
 slaine by the breaking of their Muskets which were over- 
 charged ; and that of the adverse party are slaine about 2100, 
 Sir Gilbert Gerrat being one." — Perfect Diurnall. 
 
 " There was likewise information that the Earle of Derty 
 had besieged the towne of Mancester, and great fear there was 
 of his future claps ; nevertheless he was peaceably suffered to 
 raise his Forces towards the Towne ; and on the sudden he 
 was surrounded, and the Earle himselfe was hardly put to it; 
 for he was well in reach of Captain Skinner, who reported 
 afterwards, that he thought to struck him off his horse with 
 his Patteson." — Speciall Passages, &c. 
 
 Note LLL.— Vol. II., page 110. 
 
 " The day before the King's arrival at Shrewsbury, he 
 mustered his forces at Wellington, that being their first ren- 
 
APPENDIX. 345 
 
 dezvoiis. His Majesty caused military orders to be read there 
 at the head of each regiment, and then mounting his horse, 
 and placing himself in the midst, from whence he might be 
 heard by all ; he made the following speech to the soldiers : — 
 'Gentlemen — You have heard the orders read.'" — ^Phillips' 
 History and Antiquities of Shrewsbury. 
 
 The whole speech has been preserved, as follows : — 
 
 " G-ENTLEMEN, 
 
 " You have heard these Orders read ; It is your part in your 
 severall places to observe them exactly : The time cannot be 
 long before Wee come to Action, therefore you have the more 
 reason to be carefull ; And I must tell you, I shall be veiy 
 severe in the punishing of those, of what condition soever, 
 who transgiesse these Instructions. 1 cannot suspect your 
 Courage and Eesolution ; your Conscience and your Loyalty 
 hath brought you hither to fight for your Eeligion ; your King, 
 and the Laws of the Land ; you shall fi.ght with no Enemies, 
 but Traitours, most of them Brownists, Anabaptists, and 
 Atheists, such who desire to destroy both Church and State, 
 and who have already condemned you to ruin for being 
 Loyall to Vs. That you may see what use I mean to make 
 of your valour, if it please God to blesse it with successe, I 
 have thought fit to publish my Eesolution to you in a Pro- 
 testation, which when you have heard me make, you will 
 believe you cannot fight in a better Quarrell ; in which I 
 promise to live and die with you."- — Collection. 
 
 Note MMM.— Vol. II., page 118. 
 
 " Prince Rupert's Brigade quartered at Henley, and of them 
 a Eegiment of Horse at my House at Fawley- Court. 
 
 " Sir John Biron and his Brothers commanded those Horse, 
 and gave order that they should commit no Insolence at my 
 House, nor plunder my Goods; but Soldiers are not easily 
 govern'd against their Plunder, or persuaded to restrain it, for 
 there being about 1000 of the King's Horse quartered in and 
 about the House, and none but Servants there, there was no 
 
346 APPENDIX. 
 
 Insolence nor Outrage ustially committed by common Soldiers 
 on a reputed Enemy, whicii was omitted by these brutish 
 Fellows at my House . . . they spent and consumed 100 Load 
 of Corn and Hay, littered their Horses with Sheaves of good 
 Wheat, and gave them all Sorts of Com in the Straw : Divers 
 AVritings of Consequence, and Books which were left in my 
 study, some of them they tore in Pieces, others they burnt 
 to light their Tobacco, and some they carried away with 
 them, to my extreme great Loss and Prejudice, in wanting 
 the "Writings of my Estate, and losing very many excellent 
 Manuscripts of my Father and others, and some of my own 
 Labours. 
 
 " They broke down my Park Pales, killed most of my Deer 
 . . . and let oijt all the rest, only a tame young Stag they 
 carried away and presented to Prince Itupert, and my Hounds, 
 which were extraordinary good. They eat and drank up all 
 that the House could afford, broke up all Trunks, Chests, and 
 Places ; and where they found Linen or any Householdstuff 
 they took it away with them, and cutting the Beds, let out 
 the Feathers, and took away the Ticks. They likewise 
 carried away my Coach, and four good Horses, and all my 
 saddle Horses, and did all the Mischief and Spoil, that Malice 
 and Enmity could provoke barbarous Mercenaries to commit, 
 and so they parted. 
 
 " This is remembered only to raise a constant Hatred of any 
 thing that may in the least tend to the fomenting of such 
 Unhappiness and Misery." — Whitelock's Memorials of the Eng- 
 lish Affairs, page 65. 
 
 The Mayor of Beading fared no better. " He invited Prince 
 Eobert to a very sumptuous dinner, providing for him all the 
 severall sorts of dainties he could get, but especially a Wood- 
 cock, which he brought in himselfe, with many complements 
 to shew his courtly entertainment. Prince KobeTt gave him 
 many thanks for his good cheere, and asked him whose was 
 all that plate that stood xipon the cupboard, the Maior had set 
 out all his plate to make a shew, and besides had borrowed a 
 great deale' of his neighbours to grace himselfe withall, 
 replied, and please your Highnesse, this plate is mine ; no 
 quoth the Prince, this plate is mine, and so accordingly ho 
 
APPENDIX. 347 
 
 tooke it all away, bidding him to bee of good cbeore, for he 
 tooke it as the Parliament did upon the publiqne faith, but the 
 Maior of Eedding lookt as if he would for very griefe have 
 hanged himself in his guilded ohaine, and wisht he had never 
 feasted Prince Robert's chops." — Certain Speciall and Bemarhahle 
 Passages. 
 
 Note NNN.— Vol. II., page 125. 
 
 " Mr. Boys, a Citizen of London, went lately downe into 
 Hamshire to see his Father, and to effect some other affaires, 
 but returning back he found that Country overspread with the 
 Cavaliers, whom to avoyd, he turned into Berk-shire, and 
 being there misinformed that the Cavaliers had left Keding, 
 he made into that Town, where being stayed and examined 
 by one of their Sentinells, he gave satisfaction and was suf- 
 fered to passe on, but coming to an other Sentinell a wicked 
 fellow laid hold on him for a spie, and brought him to Sir 
 Arthur Aston the Governour there, and deposed that he saw 
 him at Edge Hill, where he was taken for a spie and escaped 
 from them ; whereupon the Governour in a Councell of War 
 condemned him to be hanged, and on Friday last he was there 
 executed accordingly, but no doubt his Innocent blood cryeth 
 for vengeance against that false accusation and execution." — 
 England's Meitiorahle Accidents, from the \2th of Becemh. to the 
 19th of the same, 1642. 
 
 " It is informed the Houses from the Lord General's army, 
 that the Cavalliers in Eedding have taken one Master Boyce, 
 whom they pretended to be a spye, a Citizen, a very honest 
 and religious man, and one of good worth, and they have 
 adjudged him." — Perfect Biwrudl. 
 
 Note 000.— VoL II., page 127. 
 
 This chapter is an abridgement of a quarto pamphlet pre- 
 served in the King's Pamphlets in the British Museum. The 
 ti lie-page runs thus : — 
 
348 APPENDIX. 
 
 "MARLEBOEOVVE'S MISERIES, 
 or, ENGLAND turned IRELAND, by The 
 TLord Dighy ■ 
 \ and 
 
 ( Daniel O'Neale. 
 
 READE and JVDGE, This Being A Most Exact and a true Relation of the 
 Besieging 1 j Pillaging, and 
 Plundering j ( Burning part of the said Towne. 
 
 Written by T, B. W. B. 0. B. J. JI. who were not onely Spectators, but also 
 
 Sufferers in that most unchristian action. Dedicated to all ENGLAND, and 
 
 directed to the city of LONDON, to shew the abuse of the Subjects, Liberty, 
 
 and Priviledges of their own goods. 
 
 Printed by one that Prints the Truth, 1643." 
 
 The pamphlet concludes thus : — 
 
 " Thus have we made a rude but true relation, out of which 
 you maj' collect what you please, and omit what you thinke 
 not convenient to be printed : And so we leave you. 
 
 " All of them your friends. 
 
 " T. B. W. B. 0. B. J. H. 
 
 "Reader, the reason why this came no sooner in print was, 
 the first copy was intercepted by the Cavaliers." 
 
 Note PPP.— Vol. II., page 150. 
 
 " We must hansell the beginning of this week with the 
 observation of what was seene the night before, which was 
 a most unusuall light, which continued all the night, and 
 by the attestation of a thousand witnesses, was nothing in- 
 feriour to that Diaphanum, when the Moon shines forth in her 
 perfect Orbe ; That such a light should be seen in the absence 
 of the two great Luminarie Bodies is so neere a Miracle, that 
 I believe the most exact Weteorist can neither according to 
 Eeason or Philosophy define the cause. No Conjunction of 
 the Planets could effect it, nor any union of the starres, should 
 all the starres (which is impossible) crowd themselves to- 
 gether to make all one Hemisphere, but one milky way. Nor 
 could it be an exhalation, for every exhalation that takes 
 
APPENDIX. 349 
 
 fire in the ayre, as it is cleare, so it is suddaine and violent ; 
 but this was beheld to continne in the same degree of light 
 all the time of the Night. We must therefore loote upon a 
 liigher cause, and taking comfort to our selves, believe with 
 comfort that GOD will not forsake us, who extraordinarily 
 hath pleased to afford us light in a Land of darknesse." — 
 Tlie Weelcly Accompt, Nurrib. 9, Novem. 1. 
 
 Note QQQ.— Vol. II., page 156. 
 
 See the varying accounts of the battle, given in Eushworth's 
 Historical Collections, part iii. vol. ii. pp. 33-38, entitled " A 
 Eelation of the Battels fought between Keynton and Edgehill, 
 by his Majesty's Army and that of the Eebels : Printed by 
 his Majesty's Command at Oxford by Leonard Lichfield, 
 Printer to the University, 1642;" and " A Eelation of the 
 Battel between his Majesty's Army and the Parliament Forces, 
 under the command of the Earl of Essex, at Edghill near 
 Keynton in the County of Warwick, Octob. the 23rd, 1642, 
 as it was communicated to the Speaker and Commons 
 assembled in Parliament, and by them ordered to be printed 
 and published." 
 
 Note ERE.— Vol. II., page 161. 
 
 " . . . . though they intended to burne the Towne utterlj', 
 as may be known by their laying lighted Match, with Powder 
 and other combustible matter, at the other end, which fired in 
 divers places, and divers was found out and prevented, so that 
 we may truely say that the flames .... made a difference 
 between those that feared God, and those that feare him not. 
 But this is remarkable in their vilenesse, that all these Houses 
 saving two were fired in their cold blood, at their departure, 
 wherein they endeavoured to fire all, and in the flames they 
 would not suffer the people to carry out their good, or to 
 quench it, triumphingly with reproaches rejo3-ced that the 
 wind stood right to consume the Towne, at which present 
 the Lord caused the Winds to turn, which was a token of his 
 notice of their insultation." — A True Belafion of Prince Biipert's 
 
350 APPENDIX. 
 
 Barbarous Cruelty against the Towne of Brumingham. (Letter 
 from R. P., dated Coventry, April 8, 1643; printed in black 
 letter.) — London, Printed for John Wright in tlie Old-baily, 
 April 12, 1643. 
 
 Note SSS.— Vol. II., page 165. 
 
 See " A true and most sad Eelition of the hard usage and 
 extreme cruelty used on Captain Wingate .... with, others 
 of the Parliament Souldiers, &c. Prisoners at Oxford, under 
 the custody of one Smith, Provost-Marshall Geuerall to the 
 King's Arnij' : Written by one of the same Prisoners in behalf 
 of them all, to a Worthy and eminent Citizen of Londos. 
 Dated 9th of February, 1642. — London, Printed for Gkoege 
 HuTTON, at the Turn'd-Style in Holborne, Feb. 13, 1642." 
 Also, " The trve Copie of a Letter written by Captaine 
 Wingate, &c. London. Printed for William Ley, at Paul's- 
 Chaine. October, the 7th, 1642;" and " Englande's Wolfe 
 with Eagle's Clawes ; or the cruell Impieties of Bloudthirsty 
 Eoyalists, and blariphemous Anti-Parliamentarians, under the 
 command of that inhumane Prince Bupert, Digby, and the 
 rest." London, 1646. 
 
 " Others finde fault with the committing of Malignants to 
 prison ; but they are used like men, not as Smith the Provost 
 Marshall useth them ; not as Captain Lilburn, Captain Wingate, 
 Captain Walton, &c., are used, like dogs rather than Chris- 
 tians ; almost pined to death for the want of sustenance, eaten 
 with vermin, for want of help, and shifts of deaths ; loaded 
 with fetters of iron, debarr'd the company of their wives, 
 children or friends, debarr'd of the charity that friends would 
 relieve them with; cannot have the favour which Christians 
 have of Turks, for those blood-thirsty Cavaliers, who use them 
 like Haokny- Jades, nay worse, than dogs; fnr though it is 
 true the King allows six pence a day ; But Smith detains four 
 pence three farthings of it ; here is cruelty indeed, unspeak- 
 able cruelty ; what would these men do, if he should subdue 
 us ? " — A Complaint to the House of Commons. Oxford. Printed 
 by Leonard Lichfield, Printer to the Vniiiersity. 1642. 
 
APPENDIX. 351 
 
 KoTE TTT.— Vol. II., page 173. 
 
 " Touching the perfidious revolt of King's Lyn in Norfolk, 
 you heard in part the last week, and since that further cer- 
 tified. That after they could no wayes prevail to procure their 
 own ends, under a seeming j)retence of Keutrality, though 
 they offered 10,00()Z. composition to the Parliament, That no 
 Garrison but their own, might be placed amongst them, they 
 then soon declared themselves the true sons of Eebellion, and 
 hung out a flag of defiance ; upon which the Earl of Man- 
 chester, drew his Forces neerer to them, besieged the Town 
 with a considerable force of Hurse, and Foot, possesseth himself 
 of Old Lyn, stops all the passages, that no provisions can be 
 brought unto them by Land ; the Earl of Warmch in the like 
 manner blocking them up by Sea, so that there is no doubt, 
 but in short time their own exigency and want of provisions, 
 will compell their reducing to the obedience of King and 
 Parliament, if no other course be taken, though for the present 
 they remain obstinate, under a supposed vain hope to be 
 relieved by the Earl of Newcastle, whom it is said they have 
 sent unto for aide : But the Earl of Manchester is resolved 
 to make short work of it, and by his Batteries from Old Lyn 
 doth so terrifie them, they cannot be many dayes able to hold 
 out : In the mean time the Earl understanding that there are 
 divers Papists and Malignants in Norfolk and Suffolk, that 
 have secured themselves in that Town, and are the chief 
 causers of their revolt, with their Malignant Eecorder, and 
 one or two others of the Townsmen, his Lordship, and a 
 Committee that sits now at Saint Edmund's Bury to that 
 purpose, spare no pains to inquire out, and sequester their 
 estates, which will amount to a very considerable value, lor 
 the service of the Parliament." — A Perfect Biurnall of some 
 Passages in Parliament, Numb. 8. 
 
 " This present Tuesday (Sept. 19th, 1643), we heare good 
 and tme news from Lyn in Norfolk, that that Towne which 
 stood so much upon its strength, hath now within 3 dayes 
 past submitted themselves to the King and Parliament, so 
 that my L. of Manchester hath quiet possession thereof, and 
 
352 APPENDIX. 
 
 30,000 pound composition : and that by my Lord's appoint- 
 ment the towne to be garrisoned : besides many new forces 
 come to m}" Lord daily in abundance. 
 
 " My Lorde entered the Towne on Saturday last on these 
 iconditions, the common soldiers to have a month's pay, the 
 Troopers a fortnight's pay, the Gentlemen to be at my Lord's 
 disposall, with their Armes and Magazine ; the women of the 
 Towne being verj" angry." — The Weehely Accompt of Certain 
 Special and BemarJcable Passages, do. 
 
 Note UUU.— Vol. IL, page 199. 
 
 Soon after the Norman Conquest, this castle was given by 
 William the First to his kinsman Eoger de Montgomery, 
 whom he at the same time created Earl of Arundel and 
 Shrewsbury ; but he took his title from this place, where 
 he resided. During the civil wars of the seventeenth centuiy, 
 this castle did not answer the expectations that were formed 
 of its strength and situation. It had been in the possession 
 of parliament from the beginning of the war, and was esteemed 
 a principal bulwark in those parts. About the end of 1643, 
 Lord Hopton, with a view to compensate an unsuccessful 
 summer's campaign, brought his forces suddenly before it, 
 and reduced it on the first summons ; but in less than two 
 months Sir William Waller re-took it as suddenly. In neither 
 siege its strength was tried, the garrison in each instance 
 being intimidated. From this period Arundel Castle con- 
 tinued to decline, and at last became little better than a mass 
 of ruins. The circumference of the whole site of the castle is 
 950 feet by 250, enclosing fiye acres and a half, but, with its 
 appendages, said to have been formerly a mile in circum- 
 ference, and the walls are from three to iour feet in thickness. 
 The ground-plan nearly resembles that of the royal castle of 
 Windsor. It has a circular keep' in the middle, raised on a 
 mount, chiefly artificial, and the elevation is not dissimilar to 
 that royal abode. — Allen's History of Surrey and Sussex, liZQ, 
 p. 522. 
 
 ^ A fine collection of owls is kept in' this building. They were a present to 
 the late Duke of Norfolk from North America, and are uncommonly fine speci- 
 mens, some measuring aci'oss the wings, when extended, from eight to ten feet. 
 
APPENDIX. 353 
 
 Note VVV.— Vol. II., page 222. 
 
 " At this period Liverpool was a small and inconsiderable 
 place ; its fortifications, however, together with the Mersey, 
 strongly environed the' town, and as the river afforded a depth 
 of water sufficient for the reception of vessels of the largest 
 burthen, the garrison were readily supplied with provisions 
 and military stores : but the adjacent high lands, on which 
 the besiegers were encamped, rendered its reduction speedy 
 and inevitable. This last consideration induced the Prince, 
 as he approached nearer to the town — its low situation 
 towards the river being partly hidden from his view — to 
 compare it, sarcastically, to a crow's nest; but ere he became 
 master of its works, the courage and intrepidity of the garrison 
 obliged him to acknowledge that an eagle's nest, or even a 
 den of lions, would have been a more proper denomination." — 
 History of Liverpool, pp. 57, 58. Liverpool, 1810. 
 
 " Liverpoole cost a hundred barrels of munition, which 
 makes Prince Eupert march ill provided." — Letter from Arthur 
 Trevor to the Marquis of Ormonde, dated Chester, June 29th, 1644. 
 Baines' History of Liverpool, p. 315. London, 1862. 
 
 Note WWW.— Vol. II., page 241. 
 
 Built by Sir Baptist Hickes, who was a Mercer. " Son of 
 Bobert Hickes, a Mercer also, keeping a shop in Gheapside . . . 
 at the White Bear; and of Juliana, Daughter and Heiress of 
 Arthur de Glapham in Comitat, Somerset. 
 
 " This Baptist, upon K. James's coming in, was sworn his 
 Servant, Anno 1602, and soon knighted ; and before his Death 
 was created Viscount Campden. He supplied the Court with 
 Silks, and rich Mercery Wares, when King James, with his 
 bare Scotch Nobility and Gentry, came in : By which means 
 he got a great Estate. 
 
 " He was one of the first Citizens, that after knight-hood 
 kept their Shops. 
 
 YOL. II. 2 A 
 
354 APPENDIX. 
 
 " An Epitapli made in liis Memorial. 
 
 " Reader^ hnoWf 
 
 Whoe'er than be, 
 Here lies Faith, Hope, 
 And Charitie : 
 
 " Faith true, Hope firm^ ' 
 Charity free ; 
 Baptist liord Campden 
 Was these Three. 
 
 " Faith in GOD, 
 
 Charity to Brother, 
 Hope /or Himself ; 
 What ought He other 1 
 
 " Faith is no more ; 
 Charity is crown'd : 
 'Tis only Hope 
 Is under Ground." 
 
 Note XXX.— Vol. II., page 260. 
 
 " Die Jovis 24 October 1644. 
 
 " At this time the Lord Macguire axid. Siigh Oge Mae Mdhone 
 Esquire were first brought upon their Tryals ; the Bills against 
 them being this day found by the Grand Jury. And though 
 the former by reason of his Plea of Peerage was not Executed 
 till some Months after, j'et I shall here together set down the 
 whole Story of them both. 
 
 " These Gentlemen were two of the Principal Contrivers of 
 the Irish Eebellion, and Massacre of the Protestants in that 
 Kingdom; and taken upon the first Discovery October 22, 
 1641, at Dublin. ... 
 
 "... About JmZj/ 1642, They were sent over into jEm^Zand, 
 and Committed to the Tower, And by means of the multi- 
 plicity of Aifairs wherein the two Houses were involved, and 
 the difficulty of having the Witnesses against them from 
 Ireland, they continued there in Custody till Saturday the 
 17th of August 1644. And then by Confederacy with two 
 Priests that belonged to the Spanish Ambassador, and one 
 Mrs. Leviston over against the New Exchange in iiie. Strand, in 
 
APPENDIX. 355 
 
 wliose House the French Agent lay, They having got a small 
 Steel Saw, therewith in the Night saw'd asunder the Door of 
 their Chamber, which was above two Inches thick, and so 
 with Cords got over the Tower-wall, and swam over the 
 Ditch; Whereupon the Parliament set forth an Order for 
 their Apprehension, 'promising lOOZ. to any that should bring 
 them in, or either of them, Dead or Alive ; And that who- 
 soever should harbour or relieVe them, should be prosecutad 
 as Traitors. 
 
 " Ko News was heard of them till the 19th of September, 
 and- then they having got Lodgings in a Contable's House in 
 Drury Lane, and one of them looking out of the Window or 
 Balcony to call a Woman that cryed Oysters, it happen'd at 
 that instant a Servant of Sir John Clotworthy's espyed him,, and 
 instantly gave notice to his Master and the Lieutenant of the 
 Tower, who came and seiz'd them, and carryed them back to 
 the Tower; Mrs. Leviston's Eoom was also searoht and she 
 taken into Custody, but because the French Minister had 
 Lodgings in her House, to prevent any occasion of Offence, a 
 declaration was drawn up to give his most Chrislian Majesty 
 satisfaction touching this Affair. 
 
 " This breaking Prison put the two Houses upon expediting 
 their Tryal ; And tlie Bill being found November 11th, on the 
 13th they were Arraigned at the King's Bench Bar .... 
 Mac Mahone pleaded Not Chiilty and put himself for Tryal 
 upon God and his Country ; But Macguire alledged he was a 
 Peer of Ireland, and ought to be tryed there by his Peers, 
 desiring that he might be allowed Council therein for matter 
 of Law and Form, which was granted accordingly. Mac Ma- 
 hone on Munday November 18th on full Evidence was found 
 Guilty, and received Judgement as in Cases of Treason ; and 
 on the 22nd was Executed accordingly at Tyburn; refusing to 
 make any Confession, and being ask'd, if he desired any to 
 pray for him. Answered, None but Eoman Catholicks, 
 
 " The same Day the Lord Macguire brought in his Plea 
 signed by Council ; The purport of which was, 
 
 " That by the Statute of Magna Gharta 10 February 9 Hen. 3, 
 It was Enacted that none should be Tryed or Condemned but 
 by the lawful Judgement of his Peers; And that by the 
 
35C APPENDIX. 
 
 Statute of 10 Hen. 7, It was Enacted, That all the Statutes 
 made in England, should thenceforth be in force in Ireland. 
 .... -After it had several Days been Argued, both by the 
 Defendant's Council, and the King's; Judge Bacon at the 
 beginning of Hillary Term overriuled the Plea, and delivered 
 his Judgement, That a Baron of Ireland is triable by a Jury 
 in this kingdom .... on Thursday February 20th he was 
 cy:awn on a Sledge from the Tower through London, and so to 
 Tyburn." — Eush worth's Historical, Collections, part iii. vol. ii. 
 p. 783.-. , 
 
 Note YY5f.— Vol. II., page 256. 
 
 "This day the House of Commons being informed, that 
 Bupert before he came from North Wales, had hanged 13 
 honest Protestants, Countrey-men, that lived about Shrop- 
 shire, because that there were 13 Irish Eebels hanged at 
 Shrewsbury, the House had some debate thereon, and ordered, 
 that a letter should-be sent to Bupert, the substance whereof 
 is thus : Letting him know how much bgth Houses resent his 
 crueltie, in hanging of 13 of our English Protestants; because 
 wee hanged so many of the Irish Eebels. That there is a 
 ■great difference between those Eebels and the English Pro- 
 testants ; the King and Parliament having by divers Acts of 
 Parliament proclaimed them Traytors, that if hee shall proceed 
 to hang up moie of our prisoners in cold bloud, wee must and 
 shall retaliate." — Perfect Passages of Each Daye's Proceedings 
 in Parliament, Numb. 24. 
 
 THE END. 
 
 PnlHTBD BY ^'ILLl^-flLOWES AND SONS, DUKD STREKT, STAMFOUn STUKET. 
 AND OHAItlNO (IKOSS, 
 
■Z " '?J^*"'B***rW-f H « 
 
 W^^'^^^M^ 
 
 
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