CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY nm7: H.m.l.l!« m. I. — Words containing a letter of prolongation or a doubled consonant. In Derivatives or Plurals of this description, not found in the Dictionary, or only rendered by meanings which do not fully meet the requirements of the case, these letters are to be thrown out, to obtain the root, or the singular, if it is a plural noun ; thus : — 1. \ — in words of the measures J^\i/a'i7, the well-known form of the Agent or active participle, " who does." JUi /a"«Z, where also the double consonant is to be rejected, or in other words, the Ta&did to be removed, intensive of the former, " who does frequently, habitually, by way of trade." * It is true that, by the arrangement explained in this and the previous paragraph, sometimes different roots or their derivatives are thrown together under the same heading : under the heading Jic for instance, we give, besides ^add and Hdd, belonging to the root (J*c), also the word ^udd, " pustule," apparently itself a root, and under the feminine form 6.vc we include 'ida-t, " promise, threat," derived from the root (>"^^). But this very juxtaposition of disparate meanings will strike the attention of a thoughtful student, and continually remind him, that in Arabic, more than in any other language, very similar forms may have a vastly distinct origin. VI PREFACE. J^ fi'dl. Infinitive, exceptionally of the primitive verb (in which case, however, it will be found as a reference in its alphabetical place), regularly of the third conjugation, along with the more frequently used measure ^U- mufd'ala-t, " doing with regard to another, doing reciprocally on the part of two or more." Also Plural of nouns of the measure J«i/a'Z, fi'l, fw'l, and its feminine form in 6 . ^ ^ '^fa'W, feminine of the measure J>^\ afal, forming adjectives of defect and colour (see Class II.)- Lastly, in Plurals of words which consist of four or more letters, either originally, or through the introduction of servile letters into tri- literal roots. These plurals are trisyllabic, with a ( — ) after the first, (1 (\ —•) after the second, and i (— ) after the penultimate consonant. If all the letters of the singular are radical, the measure is — JJUi fa'dlil, where the second I corresponds to the fourth and fol- lowing consonants of the singular ; and if the singular is quadriliteral, it will be obtained by dropping the \ of pro- longation of the plural; otherwise it will be referred to in the alphabetical place of the latter.* The plural measures of words of four and more letters, reducible to triliteral roots, are — JcU\ afit'il, plural of nouns, or of certain other plurals beginning with \ , or of adjectives of the measure J**^ afal used substan- tively (see Class II.). t JcUj tafd'il, plural of a1«Aj tafila-t. Infinitive of the second conjugation, mostly of verbs terminating in a weak consonant (see Class III.). JjV«i fa'd'il, not given in the Dictionary amongst the alphabetical references when it is plural of J-«i fa'U or Huai fa'ila-t (the * The plural ^^;J dinVnm, for instance, is not mentioned, in the alphabetical order, because the elimination of the \ points to the singular ^)J dirhiDi, name of the well-known coin ; but Ej^ safari] is quoted as plural of J=i-/- safarjal, "quince," JJ^ 'anddil as plural of '-t-^aac 'andalib, " nightingale," because they do not contain all the letters of their respective singulars. t For instance: g»^^ asdh>\ plural of f~o\ nsha', 'isha', "finger"; w_J\^ al-i'ilib, plural of ^^^ alduh, plural of paucity of ^-^ halh, " dog " ; aa\vjWk/i(/( i/i(, plural of ^->^ adhum, " very black," used substantively for a black horse, or for the chains of a prisoner. Throwing out the Alif of prolongation you obtain the heading under which the wished- for information will be found. PREFACE. The Author's aim, in preparing the present volume, has been to provide the English student, at a moderate price, with a Dictionary which would enable him to read, not only Arabic books of a limited vocabulary, as the Qur'dn, or of a comparatively easy and familiar style, as the Arabian Nights; but also such other standard works of a wider etymological range, as the Hamdsah, the Mu'allaqnt, and, above all, the Maqdmdt of al-Hariri, which may, with the late Mr. Chenery, be aptly designated as a " Compendium of the Arabic Language " in all its intricacies and niceties. The dif&culty of such an undertaking lies in finding the golden mean between a merely alphabetical arrangement, which would swell the book into an inordinate size, and a strictly etymological disposition under roots, which would, undoubtedly, be more to the taste of the scholar, but frequently embarrass, and hence discourage, the learner whom we want to aid in his first steps on a journey sufficiently toilsome in itself. An endeavour of this kind has been made by Prof. Cherbonneau, in his Ai'abic-French Dictionary, and, on a far more extensive scale and in a superior manner, by Dr. Adolf Wahrmund, in his Manual Dictionary of the Arabic and German Languages ; and these two works, especially the latter, checked by, and occasionally enlarged upon from the MuM{ (an Arabic Dictionary, published in Arabic by Dr. P. Bustani in Bey rout), form the groundwork of our own book, with such modifications and additions, however, as to secure for it a fair degree of originality. We are now going to set forth, as briefly as can be done compatibly with clearness, the general plan on which this Dictionary is worked out. The Arabic words are given in their crude form, i.e. the form in which they appear before the grammatical terminations are added, and in Arabic type only as far as they are represented by the letters of the IV PREFACE. alphabet, leaving the rendering of the diacritical signs, Hamzah included, to the transliteration.* Thus each word forms, as it were, a skeleton, dead and meaningless in itself, but moved into life by the Harakat (vowel-points), and further to be individualized, as of Arab kin by the rrab (grammatical inflection). To every male, if I may be allowed to continue the metaphor, its consort is allotted, that is to say, under each heading the form or forms with the feminine termination « are subjoined to those without it, if both are in use. This has been done, because frequently the two forms stand mutually in the relationship of singular and plural, and therefore, by bringing them together in the same article, many cross-references could be spared.f In a similar way derivatives with a final ts > especially when forming the so-called Nisbah or noun of relation (in ^5), are, as a natural offspring, joined under the same heading to the parent-iorm, but only, if the alpha- betical order would already bring them in immediate contact with it (see e.g. article JW^ haydl, &c., p. 347). Roots, whether triHteral or quadriliteral, are found under two headings. One, placed in parentheses, gives the primitive verbs in the third person singular masculine, together with their Infinitives, and the Infinitives of the derived conjugations. In triliteral verbs the medial vowel of the * The student, when about to make use of this Dictionary, is of course supposed to be well acquainted with these signs from his Grammar, and should his text be pointed, he will have no difficulty in finding the equivalent in transliteration, for any word he may look out, by refer- ring to the heading in Arabic type. If, on the contrary, these signs are omitted from the text, as is always done in editions printed in the East (for instance, in the Arabian Nights, which he is particularly expected to read), it would be decidedly more bewildering for him to pick out, from perhaps half-a-dozen or more repetitions of the same group of Arabic letters, variously marked, that special combination which he wants ; while, by using the one heading, which represents the letters in his book, as a master-key for the different meanings, his eye has simply to run over the article in order to ascertain that particulai- form which gives an appropriate sense to the passage in hand. f If in the first part of an article i is placed after a generic noun it indicates either the female or the noun of unity ; if after an adjective, it stands for the feminine. In the second part, the various forms are given in which a word has a feminine termination without such refe- rence to sex or gender, and here the ' heads the transliteration. (Compare e.g. the articles ■>^\ asad, » , " lion," &c., p. 41 ; ^' samar, S , " fruit " &c., p. 209 ; > hdrr, S , " hot," &c., p. 268 ; cjili half, " behind," &c. ;— ii liilfa-t, " difference of opinion," &c., p. 337.) PBEFAOB. vii elimination of the \ leading to the singular), but inserted as a reference if the singular has d (\ — ) or 4 (}—) after the second radical.* J^V fawd'il, plural of JtU fd'il, and much more frequently of its feminine form ^V» fd'ila-t. Here the \ of the singular has been changed into j before the \ of prolongation of the plural, and would have to be restored after throwing out the latter ; practi- cally, therefore, the rule takes this shape : Suppress the j of such a plural, instead of the \ , to find the singular as given in the Dictionary, or as to be further derived from the verbal root according to the direction in the beginning of this Section. f All these plurals, except JfUi fa'd'il, have parallel forms with * (ts — ) instead of i ( — ) in the third syllable, corresponding to a long vowel in the second syllable of the singular. If the latter be d or u, the plural is given as a reference in its alphabetical place ; if it is i, such reference could be dispensed with, as here again the simple rejection of the \ leads to the singular. 2. ) as letter of prolongation is to be thrown out in words of the measures J^ foi'^l, intensive of the Patient, rarely of the Agent, and ^)*»fti'ul, Infinitive of neuter verbs (also ^^ fu'ula-t), or plural form of nouns. * We omit, for instance, the plural ■iS^ qasd'id, as a reference to the singular SJie«jJ> qasida-t, " poem," but we give J»^) rasd'il as plural of iSLy risdla-t, " mission," &c., and s->i=- hald'ib as plural of a>jU. halu- ha-t, " milch-camel," for the reason stated in the text. t In the opening lines of al-Hariri's first Assembly we meet with the expression (^y^^ g^^ tawd'ihu 'z-zamani, which the Commentators explain by iiS\jij ijJ\j=. hawddisu-hu wa qawdzifu-hu. Dropping the j in these three forms we obtain the Agents or participles e»U» td'ih, " perishing," iAjjU ifddis, " happening, befalling," and >-iJVi qdzif, " flinging, casting," of whose feminines the said forms would be the regular plurals. But the native dictionaries, speaking of the term ^^ , tell us that it belongs to the J J^y nawddir, or rare exceptions (plural, on the same principle, of SjJ^ nddira-t, "anything rare "), its singular not being iaJ^ td'iha-t, according to rule, but &^^ mutawwiha-t, feminine of the Agent of the second conjugation, " that which casts about." Hence we give it in its alphabetical place, with the meaning resulting from the explanation of the Commentators, " impelling calamities," or, as Chenery translates it in the quoted passage, " the shocks of the time," while the forms hawddis, qawdzif, and nawddir could be passed over, as easily re-traced to their singular, Vlll PREFACE. 3. ^£ as letter of prolongation is to be thrown out in words of the measures Je*» fa'U, intensive of the Agent, rarely of the Patient, and — JiJtiJi"il, where also the Tasdid is to be removed, with the same meaning more forcibly expressed. In this place may further be mentioned the final iS — (a.) of the measure 1^^ fubVa, fem. of the comparative form J«i\ afal (see Class 11.). n. — Words beginning with the letter \ . This class comprises words of the measures J*»\ afal, f. oW fa'ld', forming adjectives of intransitive verbs, particularly expressive of defect or colour. J*i\ afal, f. ^Jjti fu'la, which forms the comparatives and superla- tives of any adjective, not belonging to the previously mentioned measure. J*»\ aful, one of the so-called plurals of paucity. JUi^ afal, another plural of paucity, but common to plurals of multitude also, and therefore of very frequent occurrence. If any word of this kind is not found in the Dictionary, the dropping of the initial \ (in the last-named measure, together with the rejection of the Alif of prolongation), will lead at once to the verbal root, from which the meaning may be gathered, if it is an adjective, or to the singular, if it is a plural noun. The two plurals of paucity (aful and afal) may form a new plural of their own of the measures J*\j^ afd'il (also occasionally plural of the comparative), and J-tU\ afd'U respec- tively, as has been mentioned under Class I. To this Class belong further the Infinitives of the derived conjuga- tions from the fourth upwards, except the fifth and sixth, all beginning with \ i, and having an Alif of prolongation after the last letter but one. The root of such an Infinitive will most easily be found by changing it into a so-called Infinitive in Mini, and applying to it the rules for words beginning with that letter, as will be explained under Class IV. in. — Words beginning with the letter ^ . This Class contains the measures JUij tafalul, Infinitive of the second conjugation of quadriliterals. ^y^ tafil, ^'1«4' tafila-t, with their respective plurals, J-^U* tafi'U and Jc^' tafd'il (see Class I.), Infinitive of the second conjuga- tion of trililerals. PREFACE. IX J«A» tafa"ul, Infinitive of the fifth, and — JcW tafd'ul, Infinitive of the sixth conjugations of the same. By cutting off the initial » ta, and throwing out a letter of prolonga- tion or a double consonant, where such appear, the root is obtained, under which the Infinitive in question, with its different meanings, will be found. rV. — Words beginning with the letter f* m. The initial, not radical, l« of words belonging to this Class may be read with a (Fatliah) or i (Kasrah), in which case it is followed by a triliteral root, frequently with a letter of prolongation in the second syllable, or it may be pronounced with u (Dammah), when it forms participles and verbal nouns of quadri- literals, and is mostly accompanied by one or several more servile letters. We will therefore consider them under two heads, making henceforth use of dots to indicate the number of radical letters occurring in a word, as has been done all through the letter M in the Dictionary. It must, however, be remarked, with regard to the transliteration in Roman character, that only consonants and long vowels — which in Arabic con- tain a quiescent weak consonant — are reckoned to be letters, while the short vowels, as merely represented by orthographical signs, do not count as such ; JV* qdl, for instance, would consist of three letters, but J* qui only of two in the eyes of an Arabic grammarian. 1. The measures of the form ...'♦, i.e. consisting of a triliteral root, preceded by initial ma or mi, are — J*i* mafal. Infinitive or noun of Action (in certain cases mxif'il), and noun of Place or Time. J«4/» mifal and il«i- mif'ala-t, noun of Instrument. These form their plural in Jc\&» mafdHl, which could be omitted from amongst the alphabetical references, as simply the elimination of the \ would lead to the singular. The noun of Instrument, however, takes more frequently the measure JUi- mifdl (. \ . . '•), with the plural JecUrt mafd'il, and if such a singular is given in the Dictionary, the plural will also be found with a reference to it, as here the dropping of the \ in the plural form would leave it still undecided whether it belongs to the singular JW* mifdl, or to either of the last two measures to be mentioned in this Section, viz. : J-Jt*. mif'il, a rare form of the intensive Agent, and — Jyti/. maful, the regular form of the nomen patientis (Patient) of the transitive triliteral verb. X PREFACE. The plural of the latter (of the measure J«cVi- mafd'U) is quoted in its alphabetical place, for the reason stated above, but not that of the former, because here the removal of the \ suffices to find the singular. 2. The second category of words belonging to this Class are all Participles, nouns of Place or Time, and nonns of Action or so-called Infinitives in Mim, and have the general form — " , i.e. the initial syllable mu is followed by an indefinite number of letters, from three to five, which, if not quiescent, are pronounced with a (Fathah), except the penultimate, which takes i (Kasrah), if the word is an active par- ticiple (Agent). At least three, frequently four, of these letters, are radical, as will be seen by compai-ing the different measures with the more general symbols included in parentheses. These measures are — J*»^ (...'•) muf'il. Agent, muf'al, Patient, noun of Place or Time, and Infinitive in mim of the fourth conjugation of a triliteral. Ji*4^ (....'•) mufa'lil, Agent, mufa'lal, Patient, &c. of a quadri- literal. J«4- (...'•) mufa'Hl, Agent, mufa"al, Patient, &c. of the second conjugation of a triliteral. JcU/. (. . \ . ,•) mufd'il, Agent, mufd'al, Patient, noun of Place or Time, and in its feminine form ilcW. mufd'ala-t, Infinitive of the third conjugation of a triliteral. «. -J c J*A- (...'•) muf'all (for mufalil), Agent, and (for muf'alal) In- finitive in Mim of the ninth conjugation of a triliteral. In these five measures the root is obtained by simply cutting off the initial mu, and, where such occur, throwing out the \ of prolongation or doubled consonant, according to the rule given for Class I. Jl«Ax» (....;!-) mutafa'lil, Agent, mutafa'lal, Patient, &c. of a quadriliteral. J«4i« (. . . i^) mutafa'Hl, Agent, mutafa"al, Patient, : a metre, mustafilun niustaf'ilun maf'ii- Idtu — — -w — I s-' — I >^ twice. Page 958, add after W^*-* the heading : li-iq^ mujtass, a metre, mus- tafi-lun fd'ildtun fd'ildtun ■^^ — | — ^^ ( — ^ twice. Page 1015, add under gj\-A* : a metre, mafd'ilun fd'ildtun niafd'Uun PREFACE. xi J«ix~- (. . . i-.^) mustafil. Agent, mustafal, Patient, &c. of the tenth conjugation of a triliteral. In these measures the root is obtained at once by cutting off the initial musta or mwn respectively. Most troublesome for beginners will be the measure C J*!^ (..-.-•) mufta'il, Agent, mufta'al, Patient, &c. of the eighth conjugation of a triliteral, where the first radical of the root appears between two servile letters. If the initial letter of such a root is n or s, he will be liable to con- found this form with the two previous ones, as it would begin with munta (possibly belonging to the seventh conjugation of a verb with initial t) in the first case, and with musta in the second case. Here he must consider whether musta is followed by three letters, when the word belongs to the tenth conjugation of a root composed of these three letters ; or by two, when it appertains to the eighth conjugation of a root composed of these two letters preceded by «.* He must bear in mind, however, that in these measures of the eighth and tenth conjuga- tions, as in the corresponding ones of the fourth and seventh, the Alif of prolongation, represented in the Eoman character by a, counts as a full letter, and points to a so-called hollow root, i.e. a root with a weak consonant for its second radical. With regard to words beginning with munta, it will be a comfort for him to learn that the roots with < as a first radical are few in number, and very rarely form the seventh con- jugation, so that he may in all safety turn at once to a root beginning with n. Still, to help him over the difficulties which undoubtedly wiU beset his path, we have placed, as it were, road-marks on it, by freely interspersing the letter f of the Dictionary with general leading-forms, like those given above, the purport and use of which he will now easily understand. We have here to add a word more about the usual Infinitives with initial \ of the derived conjugations of a triliteral, other than the second, third, fifth, and sixth. Their measures are : fourth, JUi\ ifdl ; seventh, * Verbal forms may, in this case, sometimes be perplexing at first sight: ^■t^ for instance, may stand for "they allowed to live" (tenth form of ^_^ haqiya), or for " they vied to be first " (eight of (j-«- sabaqa). But the vocalisation of the former would be istdbqau (^a-A-\ where the Fathah is remainder of the i^ — of the singular t_^-fxJ[ istabqa), that of the latter, istahaqu (^a-J^^). XU PREFACE. JUi!^ infi'dl; eighth, JUsi\ ifti'dl; ninth, JUi\ if'ildl ; and tenth, J\*ixJ\ ietif'dl. When, by attending to the rules laid down in the previous pages, some practice has been acquired in separating the radical from the servile letters, the student will, of course, turn from such Infinitives directly to the root. But in the earlier stage of his reading he will find it safer mentally to transform them into the corresponding Infinitives in Mim by substituting the syllable mzt for the initial \ (Hamzah), throwing out the \ (Alif) of prolongation, and pronouncing the letters not qui- escent with a (Fathah). So fourth, JUi\ if'dl changes into J*m muf'al ; seventh, JV«4>\ infi'dl into J**^^ munfa'al ; eighth, J^»si^ ifti'dl into J*sa^ mufta'al ; ninth, JI^\ if'ildl into J«i- muf'all ; and tenth, JV«ai..\ istif'dl into J*sx--» mustafal, with which measures of the present Class he will by this time have become familiar. It must, however, be observed that a great number of the Infinitives with initial \ have been given in their alphabetical order, especially such of frequent occurrence or of more or less irregular formation. By adhering, as we hope, judiciously, if not with slavish rigour, to a system of arrangement with regard to cross-references based on the fore- going rules, it was possible not only to reduce our German model to nearly half its size without omitting anything essential, but even to gain room for several important additions, which we will now shortly point out. Firstly, wherever a reference is given, we did not confine ourselves to quoting the word referred to, unless it occurs in closest proximity, but we accompanied the reference with one or two of the principal sig- nifications, so as to spare the student as much as possible time and trouble. Secondly, the number of meanings has frequently been in- creased. Here we are indebted for many of the English renderings to Chenery's translation of the first 26 Assemblies of Al Hariri, Eodwell's Kordn, Palmer's El Baha Zoheir, and Lane's Arabian Nights. Thirdly the stock of words itself has been not inconsiderably enlarged from the Standard Works of Arabic Literature, particularly those mentioned in the beginning of this Preface, and, to quote a distinguished modern writer of Arabic, from the Ma;qdm.H of Nasif al-Tazaji, on which remarkable work compare Chenery's Introduction to Al Hariri, p 99 Fourthly, the last and most comprehensive addition is the introduction of the Infinitives of the derived conjugations of all verbal roots. In a book of this kind, we did not think it sufficient to designate them merely by their numbers, for to put unerringly the right number upon the right XV TEANSLITEEATION. The Arabic letters have, ia this volume, been transliterated as follows : — \ a,iu, at the beginning of a word (see the remark on the Hamzah below). ^ b. ut> (. >4» s. Pronounced like the English th in thing. 6 j- C A. A guttural aspirate, stronger than h. t h. Pronounced like the Scotch ch in loch. J d. j z. Pronounced like the English th in that, with. ^ s. Pronounced like the English sh in ihut. yp s. Strongly articulated s. y* d. Similar to the English th in this. t t. Strongly articulated palatal t. k z. Strongly articulated z. g ' . Strong guttural, the pronunciation of which must be learnt by the ear. t 9. -* /. I- ^--'^ J q- . --..t-^^' -■' "' ■'"' ' ' K ^ h. J I. \ piavATu^- ■---' '^' ; 1* m. t No.... *^"- 1 (^ n. t » h. i£ y- XVI TRANSLITERATION. Tlie Hamzah has not been marked at the beginning of a word, where it has always the Alif for a prop, and is pronounced as a, i, u, preceded by a very slight aspiration, like h in the English word " honour." The vowel signs have been rendered by a for — , i for — , u for — ; - t - c ^ the long vowels by a for \ — , — , or "S , i for ^5 — , ai for ^e, — , u for } — , au for J — , all to be pronounced as in Italian or German. Pinal iS — is rendered by a, ^s — ^J «■ The feminine termination i — is represented by a-t, where the final letter is joined to the body of the word by a hyphen, to show that in modern Arabic it is not to be pronounced, unless the noun is placed in a state of construction with a pronominal suffix, or another noun pre- ceded by the article. In addition to the Abbreviations in common use the following are employed : — Ag. for Agent (active participle). Pat. „ Patient (passive participle). (m.) „ modem form or expression. n.u. „ noun of unity. Where an asterisk (*) is inserted in an article, it means that, besides the forms or meanings given under the heading, others may be looked for in accordance with the indications set forth in the Preface. ARABIC-ENGLISH DICTIONARY. I \ (i-aJ^ alif), as a numeral sign=l ; also abbreviation for Jj\ awwal, as: \j = J^S^ gsjj rabi'u-'l-awwal, W- = JjS^ j^JU^ jumdziyu-l-aw- wal, \J=Jj3\ «Juui5\ ^j jM-7- qa'datu-'l-awwal ; — a, particle of interrogation placed at the be- ginning of the first word of a sentence ; followed by |»\ = whether ... or. v>\ ab, father, patriarch ; s^S^ al-ab, our Heavenly Father ; — ab, ah, month of August ; — '~>'S db-in, see tj!] dbi. (sj\) abb, I and v, inf. ; i~A abb, >~M\ abdb, ^^\ abdba-t, ibdba-t, put the hand to (as to the sword) ; move, agitate ; long for (one's country ) ; prepare (for a journey) ; intend ; be straight, upright (as a road, conduct) ; defeat ; ii. cry out ; v., viii. wonder, be astonished (with >-• bi) ; — abb, pi. "-jj^ a'ubb, inten- tion ; travelling plan ; fodder, grass, meadow. (\i\) aba (for j>\ abaw-a) u, inf. »j^\ ibdwa-t, become father ; ii. call a person father ; v. take for a father, consider as a father ; — aba'. A, INF. W\ ab', throw, shoot, hit. W\ aba' reeds, rushes; — ibd', re- fusal, rejection, disobedience, abhorrence, disgust ; unwilling- ness ; — wbd', pi. of ^j>l dbi ; — — dbd', pi. of )i\ abu, fathers, forefathers, ancestors ; — i abd'a-t, reed ; — ibd'a-t, inf. of ij!\ ; — ubdt, pi. of ij>\ dbi, q.v. v»^>^ ubdb, great bulk of water, bil- low, wave ; — ahdb, luggage ; also 5 abdba-t, ibdba-t, way, conduct, manner of living ; longing for ; INF. of (v^) q.v. JaJ^^l abdbil, some fabulous birds ; for JjjW^ abdwil, pi. of Jy) ibbaid, troops of camels. (^V;\ abdbin, pi. of y^\ ibbdn, q.v. y^.\ ubdtir, without children, soli- tary. ^ ^'^\ ibdta-t, passing the night, giving a night's lodging, doing anything at night bime ; iv. of iy>-ii q.v. i>\;\ ibdsa-t, examining; ploughing; IV. of (>^y) q.v. fs-'^\ abdjir, ^*^^^ abdjir, pi. of yr. bujr, q.v. Jq-V}^ abdjil, sinews of the foot, pi. of J^.^ abjal. ScA>\ ibdha-t, making public ; re- vealing, disclosing; giving full permission ; license, licentious- ness ; IV. of (cj?) qv. (j<.\ abad ; — » ibdda-t, annihilation ; iv. of (^) q.v. j»jW^ abddid, scattered animals, birds, etc. j\i\ ab'dr, dbdr, pi. of ;Sj q.v. ; — ^\ ^\ abdr, lead ; — ibdr, S ihdra-t, fruc- tification of the palm tree, s. fi^ ; — ibdr, needles, pi. of 'ij>\ ibra-t ; — abbdr, maker or seller of needles ; flea. Jj^^ abdriq, pi. of ^ijA ahraq, q.v. — « abdriqa-t, (JJjVj^ abdriq, pi. of i^if^ abriq, q.v. &»j^^ abdrima-t, ^J^\ abdriha-t, pi. of (««fc;i^ ibrahim. jV}\ abbdz, who jumps, leaps (as a gazelle). ;5jW^ abdzir, herbs for seasoning, pi. of )\j>\ abzdr. (*jj^^ abdzim, buckles, &c., pi. of ^j!^ ibzim. (j-«^ wtas, shrew. &A>W^ ubdsa-t, rabble, vagabonds ; impurities. yoVsl ibdd, vein, sinew ; pi. o^^ -mSmc^, rope for tying up the fore- foot of a camel ; — dbdd, pi. of (J^^ ubd, q.v. tVj\ a6a<, shoulders, armpits, pi. of S»^ i6f ; — ibdt, what is carried under the armpits. AitV}^ abdtila-t, pi. iJsJ=W^ abdtil, thing of no value ; nothingness ; trifle. ■>s\i}, abd'id, strangers, not related, pi. of -i*}^ ab'ad. Acb\ ibd'a-t, sale, traffic ; iv. of (^) q.v. ^ jVi^ ibdq, & ibdqa-t, escape ; inf. of (tJJ^) q.-^- i — ubbdq, pi. of i^*! dbiq. JW^ a&aZ, camels, pi. of J?\ ifeZ, i&iZ ; — J^^ dbbdl, camel-herd ; — J^^ ubbdl, pi. of JA dbil; — S ibdla-t, administration of pro- perty ; economy ; police ; client- ship ; tribe. X-J^\ abdlisa-t, i_i~*5V>^ abdlis, devils, pi. of u~*l}^ iblis. yVj\ abdn=iil^fi\ du. of ^\ father and mother ; — ibbdn, pi. (^^\ abdbin, opportunity, favourable moment ; beginning ; — » ibdna-t, distinction, separation ; explana- tion ; publication ; iv. of (i^). ^V}\ ahdhim, thumbs, pi. of fil^\ ihhdm. 6^^i\ ibdwa-t, paternity. Jij^^ abdwil, pi. of Jy\ ibbaul. (uw^) abat, xj, INF. abt, ubut, be hot ; abit. A, the same ; swell (with drink) ; — v. inf. ta'albut, kindle, n. cs-}^ abt, abit, obit, hot ; — abati, for ^^^ abati, my father ; — » abta-t, heat ; violent anger. ci.U>\ i6f(Ji, cutting off, plucking off ; accomplishing; iv. of (t=-~?)- vij^asja^ ibtihds, examination ; inves- tigation ; scrutiny ; inquest ; disputation ; viii. of (ii-=^.) q.v. cWxj^ ibtihdh, rich harvest; abun- dance, plenty. \sxi\ ibtidd', beginning, commence- ment, noviciate ; — ibtidd' an, in the beginning, at first. ^Xi>^ ibtiddr, pushing on, setting about any work, running in advance, hastening (to arms, &c.). g\oja\ Midd', invention, discovery, innovation. i\Ms\ ibtiddh, improvisation. ^\jju^ ibtidd'iyy, incipient, begin- ning, original. J\Xm\ ibtizdl, continual use, wearing out, wasting ; disdain, con- tempt. j^>\ abtar, f. \^ batrd', curtailed, crippled ; bereft of children ; useless, vile ; — du. al-abtardn, one's slave and ass. S\ysi\ ibtirdd, refrigeration, cool- ing. j\\Xi\ ibtizdz, robbery, abduction. jL-a^ ibtisdl, defiance of danger, contempt of death. |,L-a\ ibtisdm, smiling, smile ; glad- ness, cheerfulness. ^\ abta', pi. oj*^^ abta'un, f. V«;a fcai'a, pi. 5*} buta', entire, whole, all. jUxj\ ibti'dd, departure, abandon- ing ; absence. \ixi\ ibtigd', longing, desire. JS:a\ ibtiJcdr, rising early, coming soon in the morning ; ripeness ; first-fruit ; first i njoyment. ut~»\ '^\ ibtild', trial, visitation, tempta- tion; passion, inclination, pro- • pensity ; calamity, distress. ^A''?^ ihiildi, (m). beginning, undertaking. ■f^\ ibtild', swallowing, absorp- tion. JI^\ ihtildl, being wet ; recovery. ^^ ibtind', building, construction, foundation. sW^^ ihtihdj, joy, gladness, cheer- fulness, alacrity. Jtai»\ ibtihdl, supplication, fervent prayer, deprecation. gW^^ ibtiyd', purchase. (e-.;^) abas, i, calumniate, accuse (ace. or |_slc 'ala) ; — obis, pert, impudent. >A>U>^ ibsds, spreading. g>^ abaj, eternity ; W-.\ abajan, for ever. JW-.^ ibjul, honouring, rendering honour. JV;S^ i^^i wuhi-'l- abdjil, swift-footed. ;l=;\ ibhdr, sea- voyage ; salt taste ; — abhdr, and f^y abhur, seas, pi. of ;=■. bahr. i^y abhira-t, pi. of ;j==", bahur. (J^y abhaq, f. ^. bahqd', one-eyed ; f. blind (eye). J*'.^ abhal, more or most avaricious, comp. of Js*^. bahil. (Ji>\) abad, u, i, inf. ubud, grow wild, savage ; i, stop, halt ; continue ; — abid, a, grow wild ; be waste ; grow angry ; redden in the face ; — ii. inf. ta'bid, scare, frighten ; cause to continue ; — ■ V. INF. ta'abbud, grow waste, empty ; keep aloof from women ; immortalize one's self. -n^ abad, pi. dbud, ubud, eternity ; abad-an, ever ; never ; — ' dbida-t, pi. ubbad, an animal grown wild ; pi. ■^\)\ awdbid, the same ; misfortune ; anything extraordinary ; riddle, fable, funny tale. '•^i ibdd', beginning, creation ; communication ; revelation. ■^\'^\ ibddd, distribution. j)\'^\ ibddr, light of the full moon. t}^^ ibdd', invention ; innovation ; lie ; original thought, origi- nality. JW^ abddl, pi. of J^ badal, bidl, and J>^ badil ; — ibddl, exchang- ing, exchange. ^■^\ abda', extraordinary, original and beautiful, comp. of gjA> badi'. ts-^^ abadiyy, eternal, everlasting ; — i abadiyya-t, eternity. {y>y) abar, i, tj, inf. abr, prick; make a dog swallow a needle ; calum- niate ; annihilate ; kill ; — inf. abr, ibdr, ibdra-t, fructify the palm-tree ; — ii. fructify the palm-tree ; — viii. dig a well. )i\ abarr, more, most, or very pious, upright ; internal ; — s ibra-t, pi. ibar, j^\ ibdr, needle, needle of the compass ; hand of a watch ; string ; malice ; fruit of the sycamore tree ; — (j^V^ ^^'^ ibratu-'r-rd'i, geranium. \fy ibrd', liberating, delivery, cure, discharge from debt ; absolu- tion ; acquittal, quittance. cV^ abrdh, pi. of Cf. barh ; — ibrdh, honouring, &c. ; iv. of (c;») q.v. -i^ji^ ibrdd, cooling, refreshing, re- frigeration. j\jj\ abrdr, pi. of jW bdrr and j> barr; — ibrdr, state of being well pleased, satisfaction ; attestation by witnesses. ^y>\ ibrdz, publication ; production of proof or evidence. o\j»^ ibrdq, lightening, shining, glittering. I>\]>\ ibrdm, importunity, molesta- tion ; cross-examination. s\»>^ ibrdh, convincing proof, evi- dence. ^\ 6;}^ ahraj, f. barjd', having beauti- ful eyes ; — i abrija-t, towers, &c., pi. of S]i burj. •^ji^ abrad, t. i , pi. J;V>^ abdrid, very cold; y\j;>S\ al-abraddn, morn- ing and evening; — » ibrada-t, coolness ; impotence ; — ^5 abra- diyy, papyrus. f»~-^^ ihrisi'iii, s. i^~-^.)>\ abrisam. 1^;}^ abras, f. ^ji barkV, pi. J^'f. bur.s, spotted, dappled. ^U.y\ ibrisds, being dappled. &s^^^ dbarsiyya-t (m.), diocese. ^^y>^ abras, i. Uj> barsd, pi. i^ji burs, leprous ; {j'ji'^^ al-abras, the moon ; more excellent, comp. of ijsi.ji bar is. (j^Uucjj\ ibrigsds, recovery, liji^ abraq,f. ^^ barqd — ijij\ ablaq, spotted (white and black) ; pi. ij;W\ abdriq, stony and sandy ground. >^)i\ abralc, more or very much blessed. iij>\ abrah, f. ^^i barhd', recovered ; having a white skin. I»^^}i^ ibrahim, pi. 4^j^\ abdrima-t, l&.j\i] abdriha-t, Abraham. t5;?^ ibriyy, seller of needles ; — ibariyy, in the shape of a needle, pointed, sharp ; — i ibriyya-t, scurf. Viji^ abri'yd', pi. of ^sj* bari'. y.^\ abriz, pure gold (also tS)*^?^ s-^>J giihab abriziyy). A~jy^ ibrisam, ibraisam (Pers. j*^;?^ o6rMam),vulg. ^»*-j;\ ibrisim, silk; — j_^~.iy\ ibrisamiyy, silk-mer- chant. iji}>\ ibriq, pi. tjij^^ ahdriq, ij>;^\ abdriqa-t, ewer ; water- jug; brig, brigantine, sloop of war. (^?\) ofcau, u, INF. a6z, «?(/;z, leap; rush agaiust ; offend ; die. j>\ nbiz, leaping (as a gazelle). j\y\ abzdr, pi. of y^ bazr ; pi. }}.}^\ ahdzir, aromatic herb for season- ing. iW\ abzdz, nipples, teats, pi. of^ bizz. f-'A abzuli, with a hump on his breast. (^yi^ abzan, water-basin of copper. ^jj\ ibzim, pi. it>j^\ abdzim, buckle, clasp, agrafie. (u~?^) abas, u, inf. abs, scold, frighten, humiliate, subdue ; re- vile, despise ; imprison ; receive badly ; — iNP. ta'bis, despise ; — V. INF. ta'abbus, be despised. (j~j\ afes, famine; also ibs, rugged ground ; tortoise ; — ibs, low descent. yV~>\ ibsdn, beauty, (tj^^) abas, Tj, INF. ab^, gather has- tily> grasp up ; — 11. inf. ta'bis, the same ; talk confusedly ; dote. ij-i\ abass, f. ^ bar-'sd', friendly and talkative, affable; (m.) smiling. ^Viu\ ibsdr, good tidings ; good humour. Q^\ absa', uglier, very ugly, comp. of Qt~i basi'. (yoj^) abis. A, INF. abas, be quick, swift, alert. ;^\ absdr, pi. of ^ basar ; — ibsdr, IV. of (^) q.v. ^\ absa', t. V-i} hasd', pi. 5«« bus', stupid ; whole, all. iij^^} abad, i, inf. abd, tie up the fore- foot of a camel; — y.inv. ta'abbud, have the forefoot tied up ; — abid. A, inf. abad, abstain from one's wife ; stand quiet, and, in opposition, move, stir ; — t. = i. (j=>\ ubd, pi. dbdd, eternity ; — ubud, pi. of i^Vj\ ibdd, q.v. la\ ibt, pi. dbdt, shoulder, arm-pit. (W\) abat. A, INF. abt, throw down, throw to the ground ; — v. inf. ta'abbut, carry under one's arm C^jii laU ta'abbata sarran, proper name) ; throw (a garment) over the left shoulder ; — viii. inf. ii'ibdt, stand quiet and in equi- librium, and, in opposition, be agitated; — x. inf. isti'bdt, dig a trench so as to be narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. JUm\ abtdl, heroes, pi. of JJ=} batal ; — ibtdl, abolishing, abrogating annulling, repealing. w^ t>»^ t^^ abfah, i. Ut> bathd', flat, flat- tened. t>W^ ahtun, bellies, pi. of (^ hatn ; — » dbtina-t, pi. of yiV} Ja^jre. ij=i\ ibtiyy, -what is carried under the arm-pit. ^\ abzar, i. \^ bazrd', not circum- cised. jUj^ ib'dd, removing to a distance. •*«}\ a6'ad, more remote, far distant ; bad ; perishing ; pi. Jkc^S\ al-abd'id, strangers, no relatives. ij»>\ ab'ira-t, camels, pi. of j««} ba'ir. f_^\ii\ ibgdd, hatred, grudge, in- veterate enmity. ii^\ db'gas, f. ^ bagsd', with dark spots ; lion ; f . a sandy place ; * rabble. (jA*}^ ahgad, more or very much hated. ((3>^) I, INF. abq, abaq, ibdq, run away, escape (as a slave) ; — v. INF. ta'abhuq, hide one's self ; abstain ((j.c 'an) ; refuse ; sin. iji\ abaq, a kind of hemp ; — dbiq, pi. (3»^ ubbaq, jW^ ubbdq, escaped (slave). ^^ ibqd', preserving, reserving, keeping alive, rendering perma- nent. gs>\ abqa', i. ^ baq'd', spotted (white and black) ; f . year, partly fertile, partly not. J^^ ubqur, cows, pi. of ifi baqara-t. ^^\ abqa, more durable, comp. of ,_5»W bdqi; may Grod preserve him ! IV. of ^^. . (42l}\) abik. A, INF. abaJc, be fleshy. «al}\ abbak, pi. y^ bukkdn, active, severe and, active; destructive to cattle (as a season) ; cruel. ^^ ibkd', causing to weep. jUj\ abkdr, pi. of j^ bikr, q.v. ; — ibkdr, early morning. f^\ abkam, f. Uii} bakmd', pi. ^ bvMin, dumb. (Jj\) dfeaZ, u, I, a6i7, i, be numerous, rove and pasture freely ; — abil, INF. abal, abdla-t, have many camels, breed camels ; — inf. abl, uiml and v. inf. ta'abbul, eat herbs from thirst ; i. and ii. keep aloof from ; i. and v. ab- stain from women ; devote one's self entirely to God ; — abal, con- quer ; beat; dig a well; — ii. inf. ta'bil, lament and praise the dead; also v. have or acquire many camels. J?^ ibl, ibil, (f.) pi. JU\ dbdl, camel'; J}^ Jj\ ibl ubbal, roving camels ; J'\j^ J*^ *^^ awdbil, numerous camels ; a large, fructifying cloud ; — aball, f . h balld', pi. J> ball, strong ; not to be shaken ; unjust; who pays badly; smooth ; wetter. h^ ibid', trial, visitation ; wearing out of clothing. (j-i^V iblds, being struck dumb with grief, despair, astonishment. t'^^ ibldg, conveying, sending, in- forming; consummating, ac- complishing ; arriving at the age of puberty. fh^ ibldm, being silent, silence. £^\ ablaj, f. baljd', pi. gl> bulj, shining, serene, bright-faoed ; clear and distinct ; with sepa- rated eye-brows. ^\ ablah, f . ^j^ balhd', stupid. ■ilj^ ablad, with separated eye- brows ; stout ; stupid. jl?^ ablag, ipore or most effectual ; more eloquent ; (m.) more than. ijl?^ ablaq, f. ^ balqd', pi. ^^. bulq, spotted (white and black), piebald. E;IWi\ iblililj, distinctness. <)Jj^ ablah, f. ^ balhd', pi. ik bulh, foolish, stupid ; careless, easy going ; simple, bashful ; arro- gant ; bearing hard work and thirst (camel). Ej^^ abhij, sugar-loaf, sugar-candy. ij-^y iblis, pi. (j~-5^^ aJiiilis, i~i\i\ abdlisa-t, Satan, the Devil. (»ftl>^ iblim, ambergris ; honey. ((^^) aban, a, i, u, suspect ; — i. and II. INF. ta'bin, blame ; — abin, coagulate and become black t>»^ o»^ (blood of a wound) ; ii. blame; watch ; lament and praise the dead ; — ii. and v. inf. ta'ahbun, follow one's track. (j'A ihn, abn, between two proper names ^ bin, pi. banun, in statu constr. band,, vulg. bani, son. Frequently used in com- position, as : fA y^. banu ddam, men ; J«- — 1\ (^\ ibn as-sabil, wanderer, wayfarer ; 4^- f*i (j^\ ibn kam sana-t, son of how many years, how old ? ■u^\ (^\ ibn nl-gimd, son of the scabbard, sword, &c. ; — 6 ibna-t, pi. cy^\ ibndt, daughter ; — ubna-t, pi. (j^\ uban, ubandt, knot ; larynx ; hatred ; disgrace ; unnatural vice. 1^^ ibnam, son. u->}^^ abnUs, abamls, ebony. i-!-4^ abniya-t, buildings, pi. of W bind', ,_5^ baniyy. (iSj^) abah, abih, inp. abh, remember, pay attention to ; ii. remind ; exhort, call one's attention to ; suspect ; v. show pride, turn from proudly ; — » dbha-t, ubbaha-t, splendour ; beauty ; pride. \ abi, ace. W\ abd, pi. (^f^ abiln, V}'^ dbd', uaVai\ aba- hdt, du. y^j^^ abwdn, y^\ abdn, father, parent, ancestor ; in composition, master, possessor, as : y^>^aJ^ ^\ abn-'l-hufain (small castle), fox ; y^i^^ }>\ abii-'l-yaqzdn (awakening), cock ; vy^ )i^ aba ayyOb (patience), camel ; Sji*}. y\ abH ja'da-t (curled hair), wolf, fox ; u-t^ ^^ abil hambas (stratagems), fox ; "r-ijy^ abil zanab (tail), comet, &c. ; — 5 abuwwa-t, paternity. s^V^ cibwdb, doors, pi. of >->^ bdb. £V^ abwd', cubits, ells, pi. of g^ bd'. sabil, ; i)^^ abwiba-t, doors, pi. of •-jW bdb. t=jy^ ubiit, heat. >>^\ ubud, continuance, duration. uOjj\ abds, swift (horse). (3^\ abug, escaped (slave). Jy^ abill, troop, swarm ; — ibbaul, pi. JjjW^ abdwil, troop of camels. (^^y abawiyy, paternal, fatherly ; — « ubuwiyya-t, (m.) paternity. ((_5?^) aba. A, I, INF. W^ ibd', ibd'a-t, have aversion for, refuse, reject ; — abi, and its pass, ubi, suffer from indigestion; — iv. inf. i'6tt', refuse (with two ace); — V. INF. ta'ahbi, the same (W«> "i^ ale-hi sal' -an). ^ji^ abiyy, who refuses from pride fastidious ; haughty ; — abi (v>^ dbin), pi. dbiin, i^\ ubdt, ^\ ubd', nbiyy, the same ; ^S\ al-dbi, lion ; — ubayy, little father ; — s abiyya-t, she-camel, who refuses water or food ; — ibya-t, retention of the milk ; — ubiy- ya-t, pride. «^W!^ abydt, verses, distichs, pi. of "•s-^ri bait. oWj^ abydn, refusing from disgust. s-«;^ abib, month of Julv ■^^ abid, eternal. iji>\ ubairih, little Abraham. (jait>\ abis, swift (horse). (ji54\ abyad, f. Ujj baidd', pi. ^jio hid, white ; pure ; sword ; silver • t/4jSl^^ abn-'l-abyad, milk ; ui.^\ (ji-}S\ al-maut al-abyad, sudden death ; ^^\ aJ\ al-yad aJ-baidd', benefit, power ; {ji=-3\ al-bid, the fair (women) ; (:}'^^'i\ al-'abya- ddn, milk and water ; water and bread. o>^ S\ ^\ abyi'd', buyers, pi. of g-} hayyi\ J*>^ abil, sad; monk; (;)-l-}S\ J^\ ahil al-abilin, Christ ; pi. Jj\ ubul, heavy stick ; — S ubaila-t, small camel ; — abila-t, green food. (i^\ abyan, more distinct, clear, evident. (u»^) att, V, get the better of (in a law-suit) ; break the skull. fi\ \s\ Warn, giving birth to twins ; being double-barrelled. ^^\ itdha-t, decree of fate. (^\ atdn, itdn, pi. yj^ utn, utun, dtun, UyU ma'tilnd', she-ass. 2j^'\ itdwa-t, pi. i^^\ atil'wi, crops ; tribute ; present ; bribe. ii)^\ atdwih, deserts, pi. of H^ tih. yj^\ atdi, (m.) tea. (s-5^) itb, pi. s->^1 dtdb, sj/^ utilb, chemise without sleeves. s-^A atab, put on such a chemise ; — II. ta'bit, dress a person with it ; pass., being made in shape of it (dress) ; — v. inf. ta'attub and VIII. INF. it'itdb, put on the chemise. gWi^ atbd', pi. of ^ q.v. ; — itbd', following or causing to follow ; attaining ; — ittibd', following, obeying. eW'^ ittijdj, conflagration, heat. jW^ itjdr, ittijdr, traffic, com- merce. '"-^> earth, dust. Sf\ utruj, utrujj; ^f\ atrunj, citron. gU«»\ ittisd', extension ; commo- diousneas ; capacity (of a place) ; amplitude of meaning. |,Lj\ ittisdm, token, sign ; seal. U\^\ ittisdf, quality ; description ; praise. Jl<»\ ittisdl, union ; adhesion; being connected ; attachment, neigh- bourhood. ^^\ ittidd', humiliation, abase- ment. i_»^\ at'db, vexations, pi. of s-««> ta'b ; — it'db, causing fatigue^ lassitude, vexation. y-U>\ Was, ruining, causing perdi- tion. tUj\ itti'dz, yielding to remon- strances. ii'^\ ittifdq, agreement, union, con- cord, harmony ; compact, league, alliance ; conspiracy ; fortune, chance, accident ; — ^S ittifdqiyy, accidental, casual, fortuitous. W\ ittiqd', piety, fear of God ; fear ; avoidance ; abstraction. (^^n5\ itqdn, fixing ; perfecting ; skilful arrangement ; — ittiqdn, disquisition ; certifying. W"^ atqiyd', pious men, devotees, pi. of ij" taqiyy. ^\ itkd', propping ; — ittikd', lean- ing against, reclining upon. J^^ ittikdl, confidence, reliance. (Jj\) atal, I, INF. atl, ataldn, itldl, approach in anger ; y-» min, be full of food and drink. JJ\ utul, for Jj^ wutul, pi. of J>j\ autal, full of food and drink. 'iS\ aid' causing to follow one an- other ; continuation. S^\ atldd, inherited goods, pi. of jJj talad ; — itldd, property under the law of prescription. jW itldf, causing ruin, destruc- tion, waste ; squandering. (aj\) atam, atim, inf. atm, burst ; cut ; remain behind or standing. *J^ atam, slowness, laziness ; pro- crastination ; — utm, utum, wild (»»' ■atamm, more per- olive-tree feet. (»U>\ itmdm, completion, perfec- tion ; conclusion. (yj^^) atan, i, halt, stop ; approach, step up to ; I. and iv., give birth, so that the child's feet come first ; buy a she-ass ; to come down from a horse to an ass. i^\ utn, utun, pi. of t}Vs\ atdn, she- ass ; — utun, stoves, pi. of a/\ atun. is\ atah, isy\ atuh, panting of one who carries a burden. f\ff\ ithdm, causing to be suspected ; accusation. (yl) atd, u, INF. atw, itw, atwa-t, ltd', arrive (after a prosperous journey); visit; meet; come plentifully ; — inf. itdwa-t, bribe. y\ atw, i atwa-t, station ; gift, pre- sent ; calamity, death ; quick- ness. \f^ itwd', ruin. (j\f\ atwdn, eager for presents. (^y\ atun, attiin, pi. uuVsy^ atilndt, yj\ ^ltun, (^^\ atdtin, stove, oven, furnace. (^^■\) ata, I, INF. ity, uty, itydn, ut- ydn, itydna-t, utydna-t, matdt, itiyy, utiyy, come ; with v> 6i,come with, bring, give, give birth ; — ■with ace, approach (a woman) ; punish ; begin, undertake ; — with J li, happen ; — ^J^ 'ala, come over, destroy ; pass., be surprised or killed by one's enemy ; — ii. inf. ta'tiya-t, smooth the way ; — iii. agree with a per- son (ace.) about a matter (^J^ 'ala) ; be agreeable, favourable ; — IV. drive towards, bring, give as a present ; reward ; — v. suc- ceed ; be ready, in good order ; — VI. associate, prove one's self a good companion ; — x. wish for someone's arrival ; rut (she- camel). ^J'S dti, (\ itydn, arrival. ij-^\ atyas, goatish ; stubborn ; stupid. ^\ atyah, wandering, straying. («ij\) ass, A, I, V, INF. asas, asdsa-t, us us, grow luxuriantly (grass, hair) ; have large thighs and hips (a woman) ; — ii. spread carpets, furnish (m.) ; — v. be furnished; be lodged conve- niently. ^1 isd', stone. ^'^\ isdba-t, retribution; requital; recovery. ^^\ asds, household furniture ; goods (comprising herds, slaves, ^&c.). )^\ is'dr, as'dr, pi. of J^ sa'r, vengeance ; retribution ; — dsdr, tracks, traces, pi. of f^ asar. t-*^'l asdf-in, ^_^^^ asu/i, pi. of ^\ usfiyya-t. JU\ asdl, noble origin ; authority and respect ; — dsdl, pi. of JiA asl, tamarisk; — isdl, pi. of aIjI asla-t, root, &c. ft^\ asdm, isdm, sin, guilt, punish- ment ; — dsdm, sins, pi. of ^\ ism ; — assdm, sinner. (^^'\ asdnin, Monday. »j^\ isdwa-t, h'^\ isdya-t, informa- tion (to the judge). \), X. ^^^ ista'saj, grow luxuri- antly, entwine. Jir\ asjal, f. sajld', big-bellied. Aj\ asd-in, \^'\ asdd', ^£^\ asdi, breasts, pi. of j^^ sady, sidy, sadan. (f\}asar,v,i, inf. asr, take or choose for one's self; cover frequently (camel) ; excite; forge (a sword) ; quote, cite ; — asir, a, excel (^J^ 'ala), decide on ; begin (with aor. or (j)\ an ;) — ii, inf. ta'sir, leave ;^ B^ traces, impress, make an impres- sion (i^ji fi); — III. INF. mu'dsara-t, prefer ; — iv. inf. i'sdr, prefer, give precedence ; — v. inf. ta'as- sur, also viir. inf. it'isdr, follow one's tracts ; — vi. inf. ta'dsur, not admit of doubt ; — x. inf. isti'sdr, claim for one's self. f\ asr, pi. usilr, undulating ground; splendour ; — asar, trace, sign, impression, remains ; monu- ment ; memoirs, sayings, tra- dition ; deeds ; ^ isr, trace, /\ isr-a, prep, after, close behind ; — ii asara-f, cboice, preference ; egotism ; — isra-t, selfishness ; — usra-t, pi. f\ usar, exploit ; hereditary merit ; mention ; re- mainder. \f\ isrd', being rich ; riches. ff\ asram, f . V-/ sarmd, toothless ; full of notches, blunt; shortened (foot in poetry). J»A as'al, f. sa'ld', having over- grown teeth. »-A>\ asaf, I. follow, pursue ; seek, look for ; — ii. support, prop ; pursue incessantly. W"^ asfiyd, i^\ usfiyya-t, pi. a^nf-in, asafi, prop of the pot. (Jj\) ami, I. INF. wsUl ; —asul, inf. asdla-t, be firmly rooted ; be of noble origin; — ii. inf. ta'sil, increase (a.) ; confer benefits and distinctions; — v. inf. ta'- assul, be firmly rooted ; increase (n.) ; acquire ; make provisions ; dig (a well). ^^\ asl, pi. Jf\ usul, J^l dsdl, tamarisk ; — S asla-t, pi. J^'^ i-^dl, root, origin ; family ; autho- rity ; livelihood ; provisions ; utensils. eIW\ isldj, snowing. ^■\ aslam, notchy, blunt ; shortened foot in poetry. (^\) asam, a, u, inf. ism, ma' asm, deem guilty ; impute as a sin ; — asim, sin ; — ii. accuse of sin, sin ; — IV. cause to fall into sin ; V. sin, and, by opposition, ^ renounce sin, do penance. ^■\ wm, pi. f,^'-\ dsdm, sin, state of sin ; — dsim, sinner ; — 8 isama-t, pi. of ^1 asim, sinner. ;U>\ asmdr, fruits, pi. of samar. fe)t«^ aimdn, prices, pi. of saman; -~ eighth parts, pi. of sumn ; — ismdn, being precious ; value. '>*>\ ismid, usmud, antimony. (:>*?i a§man, more, most, or very precious, dear. cy\ usun, for wusun, statues, idols. W1 asnd', fold; middle; interval ; — isX! J \jj\ ^i j-i asnd' zalik, mean- while ; — isnd', praise, eulogy. t)W\ isndni, f. isnatdni, sintdni, two ; in composition, isnd, vulg. isne, as : ^ (o^'l) ^'^ isnd (isne) 'a^ara, f. isnatd 'asrata, twelve ; — (:)'s^'3^ f»)> yaumu-'l-isnaini, Monday. ^■sjA asniya-t, praises, pi. of sand'. {f\) '^\ asd, u, INF. asw, isdwa-t, also ,_^'\ asa, i, inf. asy, isdya-t, accuse, calumniate (J^Jic &i ^ iJic ^=^1 'ale-hi or bi-hi 'inda ahad-in). >^\y\ aswdb, <— '/^ aswub, cloths, &c., pi. of saub. j\f\ aswdr, pi. of saur, large piece of the cream-cheese U^ aqt, iqt. )f\ usur, traces, pi. of asar. Jy^ aswal, giddy (sheep) ; slow ; stupid ; mad. ftif\ asilm, sinner, liar. yy\ asun^atun, furnace. (_5»\ dsi, informer, spy. ^i^X asis, luxuriant, large; pi. asdyis, woman with large thighs and hips ; see (<^\) ass. }J\ asir, what bears traces, signs ; exquisite, excellent; intimate friend ; sky, ether. Jj>\ asil, belonging to the root, original ; firm ; of noble birth. f^\ asim, pi. isama-t, sinner, liar ; — s asima-t, great criminal; great sinfulness. (js>^ asin^=asil. {jq\) ajj, u, INF. ajij, bam, blaze ; — XT, I, INF. ajj, run ; charge, attack w^ 10 (an enemy) ; — inf. ajuj, be bitter, salt ; — ii. inf. ta'jij, kindle, inflame ; — iv. inf. ijdj, make bitter or salt ; — v. inf. ta'ajjtij, and viii. inf. it'ijdj, blaze ; — v., vi. inf. ta'djuj, and VIII. be hot (day, weather) ; — i ajja-t, heat, fire ; rebellion. W^ aja', flee, take to flight ; — * ijd'a-t, bringing, procuring (s.). v»W\ ijdb, i ijdba-t, (favourable) reply ; approval ; consenting ; complying with. sM ujdj, bitter, salt ; heat (of war) ; — ajjdj, burning. 2^M ajdjira-t, je^W^ ajdjir, roofs, pi. of jVi-^ ijjdr. (;>4^W\ aja j in, pi. of a»W-^ ijjdna-t, cW^ ajdh, ijdh, ujdh, veil ; — 4 ijdha-t, annihilation. JjU\ ajddil, pi. of J^\ ajdal, q.v. «oU.\ ijdda-t, giving generously ; acting or speaking well ; excel- lence (iv. of "J^). ^\^\ ijjdr, pi. ajdjir, ajdjira-t, roof; — djdr, rewards, pi. of }^\ ajr ; — i ijdra-t (iv. j^), protection, patronage; — ijdra-t, ajdra-t, ujdra-t, reward ; rent, hire, con- tract. Sj^.^ ijdza-t, peitnission, leave ; venia docendi ; diploma for it ; present ; completion of a verse. ^J:>\=A ajds, cotton ; — ijjds, plum ; — &i ijjdsiyya-t, soup of plums. ixL\i^\ ijd'a-t, causing to hunger, starving. JM djdl, terms, &c., pi. of J=-\ ajal, q.v. ; — » ijdla-t, causing to make a round ; distribution all around. (,Vi}-\ djdm, ijdm, bushes, Ac, pi. of *=-\ ajam ; — djdm, frogs. ^M ajdiiih, pi. of ^,-.^-^ ujiiab, q.v. ii\t).\ ijjdna-t, pi. ajdjin, urn ; am- phora ; washing-tub. .),V^ ajdioid, ■HjW^ ajdwid, pi. of o\jv jawtttZ, q.v. wjW^ a h, wells, &c., pi. of v-^ jubh. ;W^ ijMt, compulsion, force, vio- len ). JW^ '■jhdl, mountains, pi. of Jt^ jabal. (j~<*^ ajbas, weak, stupid. (:>«-^ ajhun, i ajhina-t, foreheads, pl- of (;>«*- jabin. M-^ ajbah, f. jabhd', pl. jubh, having a broad, fine forehead ; al-ajbah, lion. fi^\ ajbu', pl. of s-^ jaV, q.v. W^^ ijtibd', choice, election, selec- tion. cijUs:=.\ (jti^ds. cutting off, tearing out, rooting up. j^jlx=.\ ijliddr, surrounding with a wall. i_j^>ij^^ ijtizdb, attraction. \j'^'\ ijtird', daring, boldness. c\r^^ ijtirdh, striving to get ; (m.) doing wonders. ^f^\ ijtirdr, drawing, drawing up ; chewing the cud. <-i^y^\ ijtirdf, shovelling away, digging. f>t\y^\ ijtirdm, guilt, transgression, offence {^J^ 'ala, ij^ ila). \y^\ ijtizd', being contented with (v> bi). j\j^\ ijtizdz, mowing, math, swath ; harvest ; shearing. ya^_j:=.\ ijtisds, spying. >^!iu=.\ ijtildb, import (of slaves, goods). gUi=.\ ijtimd', gathering, assembly, concourse, meeting ; social inter- course ; accumulation. Va^\ ijtind', gathering fruit ; frui- tion. k^Ua:^\ ijtindb, avoiding, shunning, turning aside, flight. jVa^\ ijtihdd, zeal, solicitude, dili- gence, effort, exertion; perfection in the knowledge of law. vW^^ ijtiydb, roaming about a country. cW^^ ijtiydh, annihilation, destruc- tion ; eradication. V£^^ 11 »-\ jW^^ ijtiydss, passing on, passage ; journey to a distance. uaUl^fl.^ ijhdfdt, injuries ; insults. Aa!»^^ ajhad, poor ; barren ; ava- ricious. •^^ ajadd, new ; du. ajadddn, day and night ; — ajd-in, ajdi, he- goats, pi. of ^J•^ jady. \^\ ijdd', profiting, procuring of advantages (s.). v>W^ ijddb, sterility, barrenness ; dryness. j^jk;^^ ajddd, grandfathers, ances- tors, pi. of A,, jadd. )\-^\ ijddr, growing, budding. v»J^^ ajdab, barren, waste ; f . jadbd', desert ; — ajdub, vices, pi. of '~>'>^ jadah. jj*^ ajdar, worthier, fitter, more appropriate ; f. \;.i^ jadrd, scabby ; marked by small-pox. gJi^\ ajda', i. jadd', mutilated; al- ajda', the devil. Jjl5.\ ajdal, pi. ajddil, f. jadld', pi. judl, lovely, handsome ; a kind of falcon; — jadld', beautiful woman ; fine, strong coat of mail ; bitch. J^i^\ ajzdl, stems, roots, pi. of J^ jizl ; — ijzdl, cheering up. (j^\) ajar, i, u, inf. ajr, ijdra-t, reward, pay ; hire, work for hire ; let for money ; — inf. ajr, ajar, ujur, be set and heal (broken bone) ; set a broken bone ; pass. SJ^j ^ fA ujira /i waladi-hi, his son has died ; — ii. inf. ta'jir, burn bricks ; — iii. inf. mu' djara-t, hire slaves ; pay ; stipulate wages ; prostitute one's self (a woman) ; — iv. inf. i'jdr, re- ward ; let for hire ; — viii. inf. it'ijdr, ask for reward, wages, presents, alms; — x. inf. isti'- jdr, hire ; burn bricks ; (m.) let. ^\ ajr, pi. ujur, djdr, wages ; hire ; reward ; recompense, requital ; gift, morning gift; — ajur, ujur, ajur, pi. ajurun, brick ; — ajar, Hagar ; — ajr-in, ajri, pi. of ^ft- jarw, q.v. ; — i ujra-t, wages, salary ; ; — ajirra-t, straps, reins, pi. of j>)Ci- jarir ; — djura-t, dji- ra-t, brick. ^j'f-^ vjard', servants, pi. of ;-^\ ajir ; — ajrd', bolder ; pi. of ^^yt- jari', bold, and of j^- jarw, voung beast of prey ; — ijrd', bringing into circulation ; execution of an order. (j»'^f^\ajrds, bells, pi. of u'yt- jars; — ijrds, producing a sound, a noise. f\fA ajrdm, pi. of fyt- jirm and jaram, q.v. ; — ijrdm, crime, fault. 0^/>-\ ajarrdni, men and genii ; — ajrdn, basins, &c., pi. of (^j^jurn. ^rr'fA ajrah, pi. jurb, scabious ; kind of cucumber; — f. jarbd', sky; barren land; beautiful girl; — i ajriba-t, pi. of ^\f>- jardb and 'T^.fi- jarib, q.v. J;i^\ ajrad, f. jardd', pi. jurd, naked, smooth ; without vegetation ; hairless ; pure (wine) ; complete (day, month). I^>f^\ ijransam, fall head over heels ; adhere, stick to. ^fA ajrina-t, fore-necks, pi. of (^\f>- jirdn. ^Oy=.^ ajrudi, beardless. ,^^\ ajri, 'i ajriya-t, pi. of }j^ jarw, young beast of prey ; — ijriyy, run, course ; — » ijriyya-t, form, shape ; natural disposition. ^.fA ajriyd', pi. ^^J=- youthful ; — ijriyd', lan, course; proceeding; custom, habit ; form, shape ; natural disposition. ( w-\) X. j"i"Uw^ ista'jaz, lean with one's side against a cushion. \yA ajzd', parts, &c., pi. of ys- jaz'. pi. s , apothecary, chemist, drug- gist. y^yA ijzdl, giving abundantly. J^5.\ ajzal, greater, more consider- able ; sore (beast of burden) ; of great intellect. ^\ 12 1^ cyA ajzam, more cutting ; more effectual ; more decided. jU^\ ajsdd, bodies, pi. of -i—^ jasad. (»V.w\ ijmd', assembly, collection ; unanimity, accordance in reli- gious teaching ; shortening of a vowel. JUij.\ ijmdl, collection, abridgment, compendium, summary, synop- sis ; treating a matter in a f^ 13 VJ general way, opposed to Je-w tafsil, treating in detail. 5**^ ajma', pi. ajma'un, i. jam'cV, pi. jum', all, universal, the whole. J*^\ ajmal, more beautiful, hand- somer, better. ts*^^ ajamiyy, swampy, bushy. (t>is-^) ajan, i, u, a/m, a, inf. ajn, ajan, ujun, change its taste and colour, get corrupted (as water) ; — ajan, cleanse dirty linen, cloth, &c. ; — djin, corrupted water ; — 4 ajinna-t, pi. of i^-::^ janin, em- bryo ; — ajna-t, ijna-t, ujna-t, fullest part of the cheek. (j«W^ ajnds, kinds, sorts, pi. of (j~-i^ jins. >T->^^ ajndb, pi. ajdnib, indocile, disobedient ; also ^^ ajnabiyy, foreign, outlandish ; belonging to another ; — ii ajniha-t, pi. of '^'^^^ jandb, q.v. gf^\ ajnuh, i ajniha-t, wings, pi. of C^ jandh. >-i^\ ajnaf, declining from the right way; unjust; hump- backed. (;)-s=-\ ajnun, pi. of i^tJ^janin, embryo. **W^ ijhdd, stimulation. jW^ ijhdr, making public, publica- tion. j8*^ ajhar, day- blind ; well made, of handsome form ; white above nose and forehead (horse), f. jahrd', flat, treeless ground; troop; elite of a tribe. 'j3=5-^ ajhiza-t, pi. of j^3=^ jahdz, q.v. J9=-^ ajhal, more, most or very ignorant. ^j^\ ajha, bald, uncovered ; f . jah- wd', serene sky. j;\j=.\ ajwdh, pi. of tf^ j'uh, cloth. S\f).\ ajwdd, pi. of '^\)^ jawdd, noble. j\j=^\ ajwdr, neighbours, pi. of jW jdr. «T>ji5.\ ajwah, more effective; more to the purpose ; more advanta- geous ; — » ajwiba-t, answers, replies, pi. of ^\j=t- jawdb. •>^^ ajwad, t javdd' , ]i\. jM, more generous, more distinguished. )-i)^\ ajwaf, f. jaufd', pi. ji'if, con- cave, hollow (verb) ; spacious ; al-ajwaf, lion; al-ajwafdn, belly and vagina. J^\ ajwal, turning round more frequently; dusty. (•^\ aj'um, cups, pi. of ^W jdm; — ajilm, causing horror; ab- horred, hateful. (:)^\ ajun, corrupted, foul (water) ; — ajwan, white, and, by opposi- tion, black ; red ; f . jaund', sun ; blackened pot ; black camel. ■»W^ ajydd, necks, pi. of ■^■-^ jid. wSW\ ajydf, dead bodies, carcasses, pi. of iJh^ jifa-t. JW^ ajydl, generations, pi. of J-q. j-tl- _ _ ga^^ ajij, fire, flame. 'V|.\ ajyad, f. jaidd', pi. jtid, jid, with a long, well-shaped neck. p=A ajir, pi. ujard', servant ; day labourer ; workman. Ji^\ ajil, who grants delay, who delays ; — assembled. l^ifA ajim, heat, fire ; zeal. (g.^) ahh, V, INF. ahh, cough ; ii. cough repeatedly, frequently. yijU\ ahdhis, Abyssinians, pi. of (ji~fs-\ ahbas. ii\^\ ihdm-t, digging up and ex- ploration of the ground. j;U.\ uhdh, inner heat, thirst ; anger ; grief ; — alas ! j_j^U\ ahdji, ahdjiyy, riddles, pi. of Sjat^'^ uhjuwwa-t. oUf uhdda, J^^ J^^ uhdda uhdda, by ones, single; — dhild, pi. of ji=-^ ahad, one ; — 6 ihdda-t, alienation ; causing estrange- ment. (AojW\ ahddis, pi. of ki-iJ^o- hadis and i*}*^ hadusa-t, q.v. u 14 *^^ SjU\ ihdza-t, quick driving, urg- ing. jjl=-^ ahdrir, pi. of j'- harr, heat. S)^\ ihdra-t, answer. y—^^ ahdsin, pi. of (j — ^^^ ahsan, handsomer, better. ^_3~.M ahdsi, draughts, pi. of Sj~=. haswa-t. iA.Vc\ ihdsa-t, chase. itW\ ihdta-t, surrounding ; invest- ing ; comprehension, concep- tion. tW\ ahdzz, pi. of t=^ hazz, q.v. ^U\ ahdfir, wells, pi. of ^ hafr, hafar. iiU^ ihdha-t, weaving ; impression (made by a speech, &c.). iJW ihdla-t, change ; conversion to Islam ; transfer (of a bill of change) ; bill of change ; cheque ; improbability ; absurdity. J«JW.^ ahdlil, pi. of J<1=-^ Mil, penis. yVA ahdmir, pi. of j*^\ ahmar, q.v. yU\ ahhdn, hater, hateful ; furious. (^U.\ ahdyin, pi. of y-!=. hin, mo- ment, &c. ^— =-^ ahabb, dearer, more agree- able, comp. of ^r-«a- habib. W=^\ ahld', favourites, pi. of W=- haba' ; — ahibbd, i ahibba-t, and ._jU^^ ahbdb, pi. of s-tk^ habib, friend. j\^ ahbdr, Hebrew doctors, pon- tiffs, scribes, pi. of y^ habr. iji~t^\ ahbds, loud ; — ahbas, uhbus, pi. (jijU^ ahdbis, Abyssinian. ^y^\ ahbal, Mil, uhbul, bean. (;j^>=.\ ahban, dropsical. J^f^ ahbus, pi. ahiibis, troop com- posed of members of different tribes. ^p:^\ uhbvl, 'i uhbnla-t, hunting-net, snare. Uc>\ ihtd', sowing ; fastening. «ab=.\ ahtdt, pi. of li-^ hatt, q.v. (_^^jb.\ ihtibds, retaining ; confin- ing ; imprisoning ; keeping cap- tive. i-jUsJi.^ ihtijdb, seclusion ; retreat ; taking the veil. 5^^;^^^ ihtijdj, documentary proof ; litigating. («l.\i=^\ Middm, great heat. \Sx^\ ihtizd', putting on shoes. ^\^> ^f;>'7) cautiousness, being j^;^\ t^hraz ^ ^^ ^j^g.g rd. (_^\y:=»\ intiras ) J\y^\ ihtirdq, conflagration, burn- ing ; being consumed ; tarnish- ing ; strong desire. (>\f^\ ihtirdm, veneration, rever- ence. ;^\-y!s.\ ihtizdn, sadness, sorrowful- ness. ^^ ihtisdb, computation, reckoning ; estimating ; opinion ; supposition. l«Liji:u\ ihtisdm, bashfulness ; mo- desty ; reverence. •^\.ai^\ ihtisdd, harvest, crops. yLiss.\ ihtiddn, embrace. \:,\i,ii^\ ihtitdt, degradation, abase- ment ; contempt ; abatement of price. *i^^\ ihtifa, being bare-foot. j\i>i^\ ihtifdd, zeal, quickness. jVftS=>\ ihtifdr, digging ^out, excava- tion. tVax=>\ ihtifnz, preserving ; guarding against. JU;te.\ ihtifdl, solemnity ; pomp. jUs=^^ ihtiqdr, being despised. (jVais.\ ihtiqdn, dysury ; administer- ing a clyster, syringing. jUji..\ ihtikdr, hoarding grain, to sell it at high prices ; mono- (•^^>;^^ ihtikdm, authority over (^J^ 'aZa). i_ji;t»\ ihtildb, milking. f,\xa.\ ihtildm, dreaming ; wet dreams; getting of full age. U:i=.\ ihtimd', taking refuge with (»_» bi) ; abstaining from (y.* min). JUic^\ Udimdl, patience, suffering patiently ; possibility ; proba- bility ; supposition ; danger. r^\ 15 a \f!a.\ ihtiwd', collection ; contents ; comprising. gUja.^ ihtiydj, want ; having need of ; indigence. t\,jfc.\ ihtiydt, investing, siege, blockade ; caution ; circumspec- tion. JUiB.\ ihtiydl, stratagem ; fraud ; sagacity ; art of living. iijVSo.\ ihsds, instigation, spurring on, urging. jV^s-\ ahjdr, stones, pi. of j^!=- hajar. (•V^=>\ ihjdm, cupping. i^=-\ ahijja-t, pi. of e^s=- hajdj, IT- 6j^o.\ uhjutvwa-t, "S-ff^sS"^ uhjiyya-t, pi. ahdj-in, ahdji, ahdjiyy, riddle, enigma. ■ (J^\) ahad, f. ihda, pi. dhdd, uhddn, aMdiln, one ; someone, somebody ; al-dhdd, the units (1 to 9) ; i*^ ■!^'i\ yaum al-ahad, Sunday ; — II. ahhad, inf. ta'hid, profess that there is one G-od ; — make one out of two ; add one ; — v. inf. ta'ahhud, separate one's self, seclude; — viii. inf. it'i- hdd, the same ; (m.) unite ; Ije identical ; — x. inf. isii'- hdd, seclude one's self ; devote one's self entirely to (v hi) ; — ahadd, more, most or very acute, sharp, cutting, vehement ; fierce ; with sharp teeth (wolf). iij\jk=>\ ahdds, pi. of ii3A=> hadas and «A q.v. jj.iss\ uhdur, steep precipice. Sj^ uhduwwa-t, melody of a camel- driver. ^^icA ahadiyy, unique ; — ihda, f . of ■i=.\ ahad ; — 6 ahadiyya-t, oneness, unity ; uniqueness ; — uhdiyya-t, melody of a camel- driver. w>VoAs.\ ihdibdh, being hump- backed. h^^ ahziya-t, shoes, pi. of ^•is- hizd'. }''\ aharr, hotter, hottest, very hot. \f^\ ahrd', pi. of f har-in, ^£f■ hari, worthy, fit. j\f^\ ahrdr, pi. of f hurr, free, &c. j^;=>\ ahrdz, pi. of )f- hirz, q.v. ; — ihrdz, watching over, surveil- lance ; solicitude. J^j''^ ihrdq, kindling, setting on fire. c'^f'^ ahrdm,, pi. of f>f- haram, and l*>.)^ harim, q.v. ; — f>\f^\ ihrdm, time during which certain things are forbidden ; excommunica- tion, anathema, interdiction ; (m.) disinheriting. S;=-\ ahraj, narrower, comp. of e/^ harij. ^J^>J''^ ahras, very old. ^J''f^ ahras, rough to the touch ; a coin ; a kind of lizard. ^f-\ ahmf, letters, pi. of •-*;=- harf. I«W^^ ihrinjdm, crowd, see f»^f- harjani. <-a-*jj:^^ ihrans'af, be ready to anger, to do evil. jii'}^\ ihranfaz, gather, assemble (n.). ^£f~\ ahra, more appropriate ; more worthy ; better, best ; ^Sjf ^ r*^ kam ahra, how much the more. '^.fA ahriyiV, pi. of <^y^hari-y, q.v. v>\)=-l ahzdb, troops, &c., pi. of s-^s^ hizb. (t\jrA ahzdin, companions; — ihzdm, bridling, loading a beast of bur- den. (^\^^\ ahzdn, sorrows, &c., pi. of Oj-^ huzn ; — ihzdn, causing to be sad-. 16 grieving, )-f-\ ahzir, f. haznV, sour (milk, wine). u-U^\ ihsds, perception by the senses. y\ — =^\ ihsdn, benefit, beneficence ; favour ; present ; kindness ; courtesy. "T- — ''^ ahsab, more, most or very mucb esteemed ; a good substi- tute ; leprous. (■}~^ ahsan, pi. (^'i=»\ ahdsin, more, most or very beautiful, hand- some ; better, best. **— ="^ ahsiya-t, draughts, pi. of iy~^ haswa-t. ^-i^^ ahs'd', intestines, pi. of '^-i^ ha.s-an. ij!>\'i-=-\ ihsds, mowing of grass. f,\A^\ ahsdm, retinue. l*-i^\ ahsam, very timid, bashful. \ms.\ ihsd', counting, reckoning ; comprehending, expressing, de- scribing ; skill. iyx:Ji ahsira-t, pi. of j--a=> hasir, q.v. (;>-=>^ ahsan, f. hasnd\ chaste ; — 6 ahsina-f, horses, pi. of (jL-a=. hisdn ; arrow-heads, lances. jU=..\ ihddr, producing, causing to be present ; summoning ; call- ing ; preparing, making ready. yU=.\ ahddn, sides, pi. of y.-ss» hidn. &-==-! ahidda-t, lowest parts, &c., pi. of (j64-s=- hadid, q.v. y—^a^\ ahtab, f . hatbd', very thin ; miserable. W ahuzz, pi. of ^ hazz, q.v. Uis-\ ih:d', protection. ii!=-\ ahiffa-t, pi. of ^\l^ hifdf, q.v. ^J^\ ahaqq, worthier, worthiest ; fitter tor (v H) ; — ahq-in, for j_3n^^ a/tqi, pi. of ^ haqw, q.v. \SsA ahiqqd', pi. of ij-jiis. haqiq ; — ahqd', pi. of ja=> haqw, q.v. jVSc^\ ahqdd, pi. of •^5=' haqad, hatred, rancour ; deep grudge ; — ihqdd, instigation to hatred. )Vac.\ ihqdr, contempt. jW\ ahqdq, pi. of ise- huqqa-t, q.v. ; — ihqdq, getting the better of an adversary in a law- suit ; cer- tainty, knowing for certain. JUb-^ ahqdl, pi. of ^lj>^ haqla-t, colic. jSbA ahqar, more, most, or very much despised, viler, meaner, lower ; poorer, humbler. J^^^ ihJcdl, abstruseness, confu- sion. I,\^\ ahhdm, judgments, &c., pi. of f^ hukm ; — ihkdm, ordain- ing, arrangement, institution. f>^\ ahkam, wiser, wisest ; i»^\ y-*flaJ^ ahkam al-hdkimin, lord chief justice ; God. ^)^\ uhkuma-f, judges. h%^\ ihldba-f, milk. J^\ ihldl, causing to stop, to halt ; permission. f'i='\ ahldm, bodies ; also pi. of ^ hilm, mildness, ^ huhn, dream, and f»-l=- halim, mild, gentle. li^\ uhlnfa-t, oath. tj^\ ahla, f. halwd', sweeter; (m.) handsomer, better. J-l=-^ ihlil, pi. ahdlil, penis. ^\ ahamm, f. hamma' , pi. hnmm, white, and, by opposition, black ; nearer related ; shaft of an arrow. U=^^ a/n»((', pi. of f^ ham,f*^/iamu, father-in-law ; — ihmd', anneal- ing, causing iron to glow ; — ahimmd', pi. of ^.• . * o haniim, q.v. (_^U=-\ ihmds, roasting meat in a stove ; irritating. JU=>^ ahmdl, pi. of J-w* haml, Mini, hanial, q.v. («W>\ ihnuhn, heating of water, heating. .:ui^\ ahmad, more, most or very praiseworthy. j*^\ ahmar, f. hamrd', red; pi. ahdmdr, red by nature; pi. hvmr, humrdii,, painted red; al-ahma- rdii, flesh and wine ; v*=^S^ cd^\ al-mavt al-ahinar, violent death ; hamrd', heat of mid-day ; — S ahmira-t, asses, pi. of jUc> himdr. .\ 17 U.< j'/*=-^ ikmirdr, reddening, blush- ing (s.). csr*^^ ahmari-y, red. ■)*^\ ahmaz, firmer, stronger. U«>*=^^ ahmas, f. hamsd', pi. hums, ahdmis, strong, firm ; perse- vering; hard; — al-ahdmis, ca- lamity. i^*^\ ahmaq, f. hamqd', pi. humuq, himdq, hamqa, hamdqa, hwmdqa, stupid, foolish, dull, ignorant ; (m.) easily provoked anger. &ij*:^\ uhmuqa-t, very foolish, very stupid. (c:>='^) ahin, a, grow angry ; hate ((j^ 'ala); — » ihna-t, pi. ihan, anger, inveterate grudge; — ahinna-t, pi. of t>~ic- hanin, hinnin, q.v. ^^ ahnd, vulg. we ; — ahnd', pi. of f>^ hinw, q.v. tuo\ ihndt, being ripe (corn) ; em- balming ; death. <-4-^i ahnaf, f. hanfd', having the feet turned inside ; — al-hanfd', sea-tortoise ; bow ; razor ; a kind of fish ; chameleon ; name of a celebrated mare. i>^^^ ahwdd, cisterns, &c., pi. of ij=^=' hand. i^f^ ahwdl, pi. of J^ hdl, state, &c., and of Jj=^ haul, year ; — i!^\fS ahwdla-hu, all around him. vj="^ ahwab, sinner, criminal. 6j=-\ ahwaj, more in want of (,_5!^ i7a). jy=^\ ahwar, i. haura, pi. Mr, with large eyes of intense white and black ; — y^s*'^ j^ huru-'l-'uyun, persons with beautiful eyes ; houris ; — prudence ; the planet Jupiter. )f^\ ahwaz, f . hauzd', also ^^ ahwaziyy, active, acting prudently, always ready ; black. ij-j=-^ ahwas, bold, brave ; wolf. ij'f^ ahivas, with one eye smaller than the other. Jj='\ ahwal, f. hauld', squint- eyed. ^JSjo.^ ihtoildl, squinting. tS^^ ahwa, f. hawwd', pi. Awtow, dark green, black ; ruddy-lipped ; — » ahwiya-t, tents, pi. of \j=- Aiwa'. ((jr>l) aMa, ir. cough, see c^ ts^^ ahayy, more alive. ^■^^ ahyd', pi. of t^ hayy, living, &c., and of Uo. Aa^/a, parts of a woman ; womb ; — ihyd, bringing to life, recalling to life, saving the life ; refreshing, animating. t)W^ ahydn, times, epochs, pi. of (:><=^ hm. J«=-\ ahyal, more cunning. ^s»^^ ahyiya-t, wombs, pi. of W=. hayd'. fe\ aA, brother; — ah, ahhu, inter- jection of disgust ; — ah, ih, call for the camel to kneel down ; — *M) ihh, dirt. W.\ ihd', brotherhood ; friendship, ^^\ ihdba-t, fraud, deceit. ^^^ ahdbir, informations, &c., pi. of ft£- hahar. gjU\ ahddi', pi. of gJ^\ ahda', carotid. ■^jW ahddid, pi. of •>jJ>i'f ahdud, q.v. jjjU.^ ahddir, curtains, Ac, pi. of j-ii hidr, q.v. •J^^ ahdz, sjU.\ ihdza-t, pi. mAmz, pond, fish-pond, horse- pond ; handle ; land taken possession of ; feudal tenure, gjj^^ ahurij, revenues, expenses, Ac, pi. of BJ'S- harj, hurj, q.v. (.s-^^^ ahdsi, odds, pi. of "U-ii. has-an. }^^\ ahddir, pi. of j-^\ ahdar, green, &c., q.v. (J«*^\ ahdqiq, clefts, pi. of ,j^\ uhquq, ^3s&i■^ ihqiq, *3^\ ihdla-t, imagination. M^^ ahdlit, complicated matters or things, pi. of 6^^\ uhluta-t. SjU.\ ihdwa-t, brotherhood. iS}^^ ahdivi, WW.\ ahdyd, pi. of ^^ ahya-t, q.v. ^U.\ ahdyir, pi. of ;«!S. AaiV, good, excellent. JjW ahdyil, pi. of Jfli^ ahyal, q.v, 3 -r^\ 18 ^\ W^^ ihhd', extinguisliing pitching a tent. (a.); jW^\ ahhdr, information, &c., pi. of j*^ !i'>^\ ahdab, big and stuj)id ; obsti- nate ; inflicting large wounds. jj^\ ahdar, dark, obscure ; — ^S «^- dariyy, wild ass. ^si.\ ahda', more or most deceitful, crafty, cunning ; more concealed ; pi. aJiddi', carotid. '■^^ ahidda-t, pi. of -i^ hadd, track, &c., q.v. Ojj«i.\ uhdild, pi. ahud'td, furrow ; mark of a blow ; (m.) a heavy blow. (•^^^) ahaz,v, IT/IF. ahZjta' /id:, receiYe, accept, take, seize ; derive (gram- matically) ; hear or learn from (y-* mill) ; yield to remonstrances (s-* 60 ; come suddenly upon, surprise ; punish ; begin, set out ; lead to (a road) ; — aMz, INF. ahaz, suffer from indiges- tion ; become furious (camel) ; water (eyes); — ahu:, inf. uM:a-t, turn sour (milk) ; — ii. iSF.ta'hi:, seize, take ; cause milk to turn sour ; — III. INF. mu\iha:a-t, chastise, punish; — viii. inf. ii'ihdz, chotise for one's self and take possession of ; associate with; prepare for one's use A:^\ 19 u.\ (foodj ; come to close quarters ; — X. INF. isti'hdz, take possess- sion of ; drop one's head ; sub- mit to the will of God. ^\ ahz, taking, (j=t*j ^\ ahz wa qabd, receivings, revenue ; ^\ '-*/°^J aA? wa masraf, revenue and expenditure ; punishment ; custom, habit ; — ihz, mark made by branding (for an amulet) ; — dhiz, with watering eyes, blear- eyed ; — uhuz, watering of the eyes, being blear-eyed ; pi. of »JU.\ ihdza-t, pond, &c. ; — » uhza-t, stratagem ; love-charm, elixir, amulet ; — dhiza-t, torpor, torpidity. (j^^) uhur, end, what is last ; — uhur-an, min uhur-in, behind, from behind ; lastly ; — dhar, f. uhraf, uhrdt (l\^\), pi. uhar, vulg. aharin, ahdra, other, an- other, second ; — t^f^^j 'j^' tdrat- an wa iihra, at one time and another ; al-uhra, life eternal ; pi. uhar, uhraydt, last parts, last rows; — dhir, f. i last, re- motest ; absent ; concealed ; pi. j4-\j\ awdhir, end, termination (gram.) ; >i/-\ ^J\ ila dhiri-hi, abbreviated ^\ , to the end, and so on, &c. ; al-dhira-t, the future life ; day of judgment ; — ahhar, ii. inf. ta'hlr, cause a delay ; also v. inf. ta'ahhur and X. inf. isti'hdr, remain be- hind, delay, come last ; — iii. INF. mu'dhara-t, delay, postpone, adjourn. >^\f-\ ihrdb, destruction, ruin. o\ji.^ ihrdd, bashful silence. Q\ys^ ihrdj, producing, 'drawing forth, bringing out ; sally. ^yi.\ ahrah, f. hurbd', more devas- tated ; pierced (ear) ; — i ahri- ha-t, ruins, pi. of v^/^ hardb. gji.\ ahraj, f. hurjd', black and white ; — » ahrija-t, pi. of tf- harj, q.v. y.«.6-\ ahras, f. karsd', pi. hurs, hur- sdn, dumb ; soundless, noiseless, &i,i\ echpless ; al-harsd, misfortune ; cloud without thunder and lightning. i'Aji.\ ahrim-t, pi. of Ji^f- hard^, mark (by branding) of a camel. ahrifa-t, sheep, pi. of tJj;i huruf. sif-\ ahraq, f . harqd', pi. hurq, awk- ward, stupid; f. violent wind, plain exposed to the wind. (j-Uyi.^ ihriminds, silence, see t/~*j*- harmas, (J^f- harnias. ^J^y^\ ihrimbaq, i,^j^\ ihrimfaq, see (J?ji harbaq. iS}/^ uhrawiyy, referring to the future life. i£j^ dhiriyy, ihiriyy, uhriyy, last ; — uhra, f . of f'\ dhar, another. f»-/'\ ahzam, male snake. ii)i-\ ahizza-t, hares, pi. of j^i- hazaz, y-is-\ ahass, viler, vilest ; meaner, meanest, comp. of u-^-^-^ hasis. ^~i.\ ahsar, who loses or spends much. •— ^A.is.\ ahs'ah, f. hasbd', hard, rough to the touch ; severe. 0-i-4l=i-\ a;^.^a/, with a slender waist. Jl=i-\ ahtal, f . hatld', pi. hutul, with flabby ears, breasts ; vulgar talker; Ji=i5-S^ y\ abu-l-ahtal, horse, mule. (»!=s-\ ahtam, with a long nose, trunk, beak. Ui.^ t'^/d', hiding, concealing, sup- pressing. jVie.\ iA/iJr, protection, escort. ^\ai.\ ahfdf, pi. of wfii. huff, hoof of the camel ; foot of the ostrich. ^\a!A ikfdq, failure ; distress. (ji.ii.\ ahfas, day-blind. iJ>^\ ahfiya-l, coverings, veils, hid- den things, pi. of Ui- hifd'. yjUi.^ ahqdq, clefts, rents in the ground, pi. of (J^ haqq. ^i^^ uhquq, (3s«^\ ikqiq, pi. ahdqiq, cleft, rent in the ground. J6.\ ahall, poorer, very poor ; — S ahilla-t, pi. of ili hilla-t, scab- bard, and of Jlii hildl, tooth- pick, &c., q.v. W ahld', pi. of jli AiZw, q.v. ; — ahilld', friends, pi. of J—tM- halil. V>Si^^ ahldb, claws, pi. of ^-M. hilh. yj>%i'\ ihlds, candour, sincerity, pro- bity, true friendship ; correc- tion ; emendation. t.!ii.\ al}ldt, mixtures, humours, &c., pi. of 1=1^ hilt. wi^\ ahldf, a breach of contract, &c., pi. of <-ili hulf. ^i'iii^ ahldq, qualities, manners, &c., pi. of (jli hulq ; — ihldq, being worn out ; shame. JW aJildl, friends, pi. of J*, hill. gU.^ ahla^, rope. ^J^\ ahlas, more or most sincere ; purer, purest. U>U.\ ahlaf, left-handed; walking with difficulty; stupid; squint- eyed ; more deceitful ; stream ; snake. (3li-\ ahlaq, even, smooth ; poor, fitter, worthier (comp. of i3^ haliq). ityii\ uhluta-t, pi. ahdl'a, complica- tion, anything complicated. UU.\ ahliyd, pi. of (jl-s- haliyy, empty, free, &c., q.v. 5-ii\ ihlij, fine, swift horse ; rhu- barb. ^J.X^^ ahmds, fifth parts, pi. of i,/-*^ hums. ij*s.\ ahmira-t, veils, head-gears, pi. of jW- himdr. \ — •.•s.\ ahmisd', fifth parts, pi. of ;j**:^**- haniis. yo*^\ ahmas, pi. ahdmis, middle of the sole ; foot ; waist ; with a slim waist. i^\ ahann, pi. i^ hunn, who speaks through the nose. ij-j.^\ ahnas, flat-nosed ; al-ahnas, lion ; — f . al-hansd, wild cow. ^^\ ahinna, striped material ; coarse linen. ^ ahw, ahu, pi. ahun, ahd', dhd', ahwa-t, ihwa-t, uhwa-t, uhuww, uhuwwa-t, ihwdti, uhwdn, bro- ther ; companion ; the like of ; uiif*i\ }i.\ aM-'l-maut, sleep ; ^*ji3\ y.1 ahu-'l-hair, evil ; — S uhuwwa-t, brotherhood. (ysA) W.^ ahd, u, (1 pret. ahau-tu, ahai-tu) inf. uhuwwa-t, be bro- ther or as a brother ; — iii. ihd', ihdwa-t, mu'dhdt, become one's brother ; fraternise, make friends with (ace.) ; be fit for (J li) ; V. prove one's self a brother to, fit for ; vi. establish brotherhood between one another. «»\j^\ ahawdt, sisters, pi. of u:.si\ uht. J\j^\ ahwdl, pi. of J^ hdl, mater- nal uncle. y.\ 21 SJj\ t)\^\ ahwdn, brothers, pi. of ^\ ahu ; — ihwdn, table, tray. «i'^\ ahwat, (ni.) pi. hutdn, hilt, stupid ; mad. j^\ aMr, stable ; )}^\ yt^ mir ahur, equerry, master of the horse. <_l^\ ahwaf, more, most, very timorous. &^\ ahwila-t, pi. of JU. Ml, ma- ternal uncle. ^^\ ahwina-t, tables, trays, pi. of y\^ hiwan, huwdn. ^^)i^ ahawiyy, brotherly ; — 6 uhu- wiyya-t, fraternity, congrega- tion. ^_^\ afiha, ii. make a noose ; — » ahiyya-t, pi. ahdwi, ahdyd, peg or line to tie up a horse. jLi.\ ahydr, pi. of ^ hair, good. i_^Us.\ ahyds, pi. of ^As^ haU, can- vas. i_jLi\ ahydf, people of different lineage ; of the same mother, but another father. JW^\ ahydl, horses, pi. of Ji^ hail. s-«*^^ ahyab, wrong (way). jui\ ahiz, prisoner. yeiA ahyar, better, best ; — ahir, last. ^MsA uhaira, never, dim. of /A dhar. y«w>i^ ahyas, numerous. tj*i-^ akyaf, pi. hUf, hif, f. haifd, having one eye black, the other blue; — haifd', a, composition in which all the letters of each alternate word are pointed, the other words being without points. jJ.\ ahyal, with moles on the face ; pi. ahdyil, white falcon ; vain, haughty ; haughtiness ; pi. Ij,il, a bird of evil omen ; — » ahyila-t, fancies, ideas, &c., pi. of JW^ hayal, q.v. j\ ad=Ji> yad, hand. {S\) add. A, I, u, INF. add, roar (camel) ; fondle (she camel) ; offer, present ; rove ; come upon suddenly ; — v. inf. ta'addud, become violent, get worse. •A add, idd, pi. iddd, » idda-t, pi. idad, power, victory ; calamity ; — udd, power, victory. \>A add, paying, requital ; fulfilling a duty ; manner, tone ; — ' addt, pi. adawdt, tool, utensil ; particle (gram.) '^\'A dddh, civilities, &c., pi. of v"^^ adab. ^U\ uddbir, who turns away and will not listen. oW\ adoA, power, victory ; — iddd, pi. of •A add, see above. j\j\ addr, March ; — 6 iddra-t, re- volving (a. and n.) ; circuit of a magistrate, &c. ; administration ; prefecture ; district. ^\>A uddf, penis ; ear. 4j\j^ iddla-t, victory. I«\j\ addni, reconcilement; — iddm, pi. uduni, dddm, ddima-t, by- dish, as vegetables, &c. ; leader ; consenting ; — dddm, pi. of ^o\ adim, skin ; — adddm, manufac- turer of leather ; — s iddma-t, perseverance ; remaining, stay- ing. y\j\ addn-in, pi. of ^J•i daniyy, low, etc. . (v-i^) cidah, I, prepare a banquet, invite to a meal ; wonder ; — adub, INF. adab, be well educated and of refined manners ; — ii. INF. ta'dib, educate ; correct, chastise ; — iv. inf. iddb, make justice prevail in a country; invite to a meal ; — v. inf. ta'addub and x. inf. isti'ddb, receive education, be refined. i^S\ adab, pi. dddb, refined man- ners ; politeness ; literary per- suits ; liberal education ; — al- dddb, literature ; — » udba-t, en- tertainment ; wonderful things. \>S\ udabd, pi. of -r^A adib, well bred, Ac, q.v. ^rfV>J\ adbdb, pi. of s^J dxibb, bear. ^i\ adbdr, the last or hindmost w>j\ 22 J-*^ parts or persons ; backs ; — idbdr, turning one's back ; ad- vej-sitj ; — iddibdr, retreat. f-i'i\ adbah, wortUess things. ii'^.'A adab-hdna-h, water-closet. erJ'J^ adbas, dark red, brown. ,_3}>>\ adabiyy, polite, well-educated ; j_5jjS\ ^»ix3^ al-Hlni al-adabiyy, morals, moral pliilosophy ; — 6 adabiyya-t, pi. adabiyydt, litera- ture, pi. what promotes civilisa- tion and refinement, accomplish- ments. f'i\ adsar, lazy, negligent. (^■i\ adjan, f. dajmV, of a deep black; cloudy. ^^j\ udhiyy,idhiyy, » udhiyya-t, ijs^A udhuwiva-t, ostrich nest. JU.j\ idhdl, introducing ; causing to enter ; enclosing. j4-i>\ idhir, rush (plant). Ji.>>\ adhal, entering more deeply into ; more familiar. {ji"^\ adhan, i. dahnd', of the colour of smoke; — ' adhina-t, fumes of smoke, &c., pi. of yViiJ duhda, dahhdn. oj\ idad, powers, victories, pi. of 6J\ idda-t. (jj\) adir, A, inf. adar, be afflicted with a rupture. )j\ a'dar, pi. udr, f. adrd', afflicted with a rupture ; — udur, majesty ; — adarr, f. \)J darrd', yielding abundant milk ; — i adara-t, udra-t, rupture. e\)0\ idrdj, march ; folding ; inser- tion. ij\jS\ idrdra-t, pi. -ai, wages, military pay. g\jj\ iddird', putting on a coat of mail. >£t\jS\ idrdk, comprehension ; intel- ligence ; genius. &f.)j\ udrujja-t, ladder, stairs ; step, degree. >J)j\ adrad, toothless. gij\ adru', coat of mail, &c., pi. of gjj dir', q.v. l».o^ adram, f. darmd/ pi. durm, uniform; fleshy, well rounded; toothless ; big-headed ; f . darmd', hare. «jjo\ adrana-t, Adrianople. y^jj\ idraun, manger ; stable ; dwelling ; home ; origin. y~jj^\ idris, Enoch (prophet) ; y^ y-jj>>^ abd idris, penis. i3~.j\ adsaq, with a large mouth. I^S\ adsam, pi. dusm, dusiim, very fat ; dark grey ; mean. Ieo\ iddi'd', claim, pretension ; arrogance ; law- suit ; inviting, calling to. <~-^^\ ad'ab, stupid. i-Ej\ ad'aj, f . da'ja, pi. du'j, black ; with large black eyes ; dark ; — f. da'jd', moonless nights ; last day of the lunar month ; raving ; hill. Wcj\ ad'iyd, pi. of ^J^^^ da'iyy, q.v. iucj\ ad'iya-t, calls, prayers, &c., pi. of ^J du'd', q.v. ; — ud'iyya-t and y-J^ ud'uwwa-t, dark ques- tion of dispute ; riddle. JVeo^ adgdl, faults, defects, &c., pi. of Ji^ dagal ; — idydl, fraud, deceit. ^\slS\ idgdm, contraction, assimila- tion of letters by tasdid. ^o\ adfd', pi. of ^■i dif, heat, &c., q.v. ijj\ adaqq, thinner, more delicate, more accurate, comp. of ij-iJ daqiq ; — * adiqqa-t, pi. of (3eJ>J daqiq, thin, &c., q.v. (_5»^\ adqa, violent hunger. (J>>\) adal, I, heal ( •.), also ll. ; — A, shake the milk in the leather pipe for butteriug; drag along under a burden. J-J^ idl, sore throat ; sour milk ; object of litigation; — adl-in, buckets, etc., pi. of ^■^ daJw ; — 4 adilla-t, pi. of J-Jj dald, proof, &c. !5j^ adilld', pi. of JJj dalil, guide. J3o\ idhil, arrogance ; wanton- ness. fjciS\ adlas, hairless ; growing fresh hair. J->^ 23 ^^^ /^■^^ adlam, hlsick ; dark bro^vti, f. ad-dalma , last night of the lunar moon. ^J'^\ adli, buckets, &c., pi. of- ^•i dalw. ((•J\) adam, u, i, inf. adm, unite two things, join together, recon- cile ; give a by-dish with bread ; lead ; — adim, a, inf. adam, also adum, inf. uduma-t, be reddish, brownish, blackish; — IV. reconcile ; give a by-dish with bread ; turn the inside of the skin outside ; — viii. eat a by-dish with bread ; be full of sap. (•J\ adam, human skin ; leathern pipe ; date ; tomb ; pi. of ^J^ adim, earth ; — adm,, concord, union ; — udm, skin ; leader ; example for imitation ; (m.) ration ; — udum, pi. of f>i'^\ adim, q.v., and (^■^\ at^aiji, by-dish ; — udam, pi. udm, udmdn, i. admit', adam, pi. awddim, reddish ; of the colour of human flesh ; browned ; white (camel) ; Adam ; (•j\ y* baml (bam) adam, mankmd ; — 4 adma-t, adama-t, leader ; — udma-t, reddishness ; whitish colour of the (camel) skin; conjunction ; — udma-t, adama-t, relationship. yUj^ idmdn, exercise ; experience ; perseverancf ; — udmdn, white, pi. of. [••jT adam. Sa-J^ admitja-t, brains, pi. of g^-i dimilj. (j->y^\ idmi'is, dark. ^j^-A adamiyy, man ; human ; — » adamiyya-t, humanity ; polite- ness. \i'A adnd, nearer ; viler, meaner ; — adnd', pi. of ^J'^ dani, vile, worthless, &c. yU»j\ adhdn, pi. of i^J dahti, fat, &c. jto.A adhur, ages, &c., pi. of j^'i dahr. ^J~&J\ adhas, f. dahsd, pi. duhs, of rust-colour; soft, gentle. l^^\ acZ/iflsm, black, blackish (horse); dark yreen ; old, and, by opposi- tion, fresh ; — f . dahmd', pot, kettle ; what appears black in the distance (crowd of people) ; — pi. duhm, the moonless nights. i^-A adhiya-t, pi. of ^•i dahiyy, sly, cunning. (y^) add,v, assist; — inf.^j^ aduww, ripen ; — inf. adw, waylay ; de- ceive ; provide with, fit out ; — VI. INF. ta'ddi, provide one's self with ; — IV. INF. idd, and x. inf. isti'dd', see (i^^^^). W^ adwd', illness, pi. of \J da'. j'^J^ adwih; houses, &c., pi. of j\>J ddr, and revolutions, &c., pi. of j)-^ daiir. '•r>)'A ad'uh, pi. of sj^J da'h, custom, habit. j}»>^ ad'ur, adwur, S^J^ adwira-t, houses, &c., pi. of jw ddr. (•j'>\ adwam, more or most durable. *j^j\ adwiya-t, medicines, pi. of \}'i dawd'. ((^"i^) ada, I, INF. udiyy, coagulate (milk) ; be many, abundant ; — INF. ady, lay snares for ; waylay ; — II. INF. ta'diya-t, cause to reach a place, bring to ; pay a person ; — iv. inf. idd', assist ; be strong, powerful ; be nume- rous and well off (people) ; grow too much or many ; prepare for ; — V. inf. ta'addi, pay one's debts ; — X. inf. isti'dd', ask for help ; take one's fortune by force ; — VI. see {^-A). j^j\ dda, better paying ; conscien- tious ; — adiyy, equipment, out- fit ; preparation ; — idan, vessel, leather bag ; nimble, agile. t)^j\ adydn, beliefs, £M\ izzdk, at that time, then ; — ^\ iz-in, then ; affixed, as : ^S^y. yau- mi'z-in, on that day ; •i£~s=' hinai'z-in, is^^ waqtai'z-in, at that time ; — dz-in, see i^j^ . (•J\) azz, INF. azz, cut. U\ izd, behold ! when (in the sense of future), followed by the pret. ; ^ U\ izd mn, when, as soon as; — izan, well then! in this case then ; — 5 azdt, injury, damage ; evil ; pain. ^\^\ izdba-t, melting. f^^^^ azdhir, rushes, pi. of izhir. ^^ j^ izd'a-t, publication. yU\ dzdn, ears, pi. of y'i^ uzn. (_s>U^ azdniyy, long-eared. i^ azirra-t, powders, pi. of jjjj zariir. gVcJ\ az'dj, worrying, teazing, urging. (jUJ^ az'dn, obedience, submission. ;ij\ azfar, strongly scented; — f. az-zafrd', wild rue. (j^i\ azqan, f. zaqiid', pi. (jJ>5 zuqn, having a long or hanging chin. ^i\ azkar, more pointed, sharper. ^■^\ azka, more acute ; more saga- cious ; more vivid. ^j\ azhiyd, pi. zaki, acute ; sharp ; ingenious. (Jj^) azal, I, iNP. azl, lie. SJ\ aziiZa', pi. of J-3 J raKZ, abject, mean, vile. (i_-»«3J^) izla'ahh, hasten away. (j3 j\ azlaq, f. zaZi/a', sharp ; ready of speech. ^_3!yj\ izlaula, depart, go away, xii. of Qi). (ti\ azamm, more or most blame- worthy ; — i azimma-t, duties, &c., pi. of fX''i zimdni. (y j^) azan, inf. azan, listen to (J li and \j^ ila) ; get appetite for (ace.) ; — INF. azn, strike on the ear, bos the ears ; (pass.) suffer from ear-ache ; — inf. dzdn and azzdn, announce, especially the time for prayer ; — azin, listen to ; — INF. izn, azan, azan, azdna-t, know; — INF. izn, azin, commu- nicate, impart ; ii. impart, com- municate frequently ; rubb the ears ; prevent from drinking or from entering ; be door-keeper ; call out the hour of prayer ; — iv. inform of (v» hi) ; astonish ; pre- vent ; box the ears ; call out the hour for prayer ; begin to fade ; — V. swear, take an oath ; make known ; shout at threateningly ; venture ; — x. ask for permission y>j\ izn, permission ; leave ; fare- well ; adieu; furlough; — uzn, uzun, pi. dzdn, ear, handle ; — • » azana-t, cotyledon. v>V'j\ azndb, tails, ic, pi. of s-^«i zanah. yUj\ azhdn, intellects, jil. of yfcj zihn. Jj»>i\ azhal, more distracted. w>jj^ az'ub, wolves, pi. of s-^j zi'b. jj-i^ azilz, cutting, sharp. t^j^ aziva-t, with a short chin. (^5>i\) azi. A, INF. (ji\ izan, azd' suffer a damage, a,Li injury ; — — II. IV. injure, damage ; — v.=i. s-J^ 25 ^j ^^\ dzi (S\ dz-in), Lurtful ; offen- sive ; — azan, also 8 azziyya-t, injury, damage; — dziyy, wave, billow. J^ j^ azydl, trains of garments, &c., pi. of Jj J zail. s-»j\ azyab, mass of water ; terror ; swiftness. ejj^ a2iw, call to prayer; caller, Muazzin ; prince ; bail ; know- ledge ; ear ; — uzain, little ear. (j\) arr, v, inf. arr, drive ; drive away ; throw away ; have con- nexion with a woman (ace.) ; kindle ; — iv. inf. i'rdr, cause to grow lean, thin ; — viii. inf. it'irdr, hasten. j^ dr, shame, disgrace; — i ira-t, pi. inm, fire ; hearth, chimney ; provisions of roast meat ; — dra-t, chimney, stove ; difficulty in pronouncing the letter _> . \j^ ard', drd', opinions, &c., pi. of (j^j ra'y. ^\^ drdb, pi. of ^j\ irh, member, and of ^j\ irha-t, urba-t, need ; — 8 irdba-t, prudence. <^^j^ irds, tinder ; fire. g\j\ arrdj, intriguer. J^\)^ ardjil, Jj>=-\)^ ardjil, hunters, pi. of J.?.j rajil, J^\j rdjil. j^\;^ ardjih, deserts ; pi. of *=-^j^ arjuha-t, swing, rocking- board. >^\)^ ardjiz, poems in the metre rajaz, pi. of 'jy?-j^ arjiha-t. <-A«9-\)\ ardjif, false rumours, scan- dals, pi. of <-iW-j^ irjdf. ^\j^ irdha-t, resting, reposing ; granting ; alleviating ; refresh- ing. ^J^i'\j\ ardhina-t, archons, chiefs, pi. of o^j^ arhon. i^^^ ardhi, veils, curtains, pi. of "^i-j^ urhiyya-t. Sj\)\ irdda-t, will, intention, desire, decree ; high - priest of the Druses. ^5j\)\ irddiyy, who acts according to his own will. ^i\j\ ardzil, rabble, pi. of Jj)\ arzal. (j-j^;^ ardris, S ardrisa-t, peasants countrymen, pi. of u-Jj\ aris. \J>^^ drdd, ^y,\j\ arddi, lands, &c., pi. of y4j\ ard. J*c\j^ ard'il, herds, troops, etc., pi, of ^j ra'la-t. O^^j^ ardgin, organs, pi. of 0tj\ argun. ^\)^ ardqim, poisonous snakes, pi. of f^j\ arqam. ^V irdqa-t, pouring out. '^\j)\ ardk, a thorny tree; its ber- ries ; bitter herb ; field. tihi^j^ ardk'm, props, supports, &c., pi. of y^ rukn. (•^j\ drdm, stones to indicate the road in the desert, Ac, pi. of f), iram ; — ar'dm, drdm, gazelles, pi. of i^j ri'm ; — ardm, crown of the head. J^\)^ ardmil, pi. of J-j\ armal, widowed; poor. y^\)^ ardmin, S ardmina-t, Arme- nians, j)l. of (^j\ arman. O^j^ irdn, hearse ; pi. urun, lair of a wild animal ; sword ; — ardn-in, and s-j^j^ ardnib, hares, pi. of >t-5j^ arnab. (^j^j\ ardwiyy, mountain-goats, pi. of h}j^ urwiyya-t. ^5^ ar'a, fitter, more appropriate. usij^j^ ardyik, pi. of cd>j\ arih, divan for a bride, throne. (sj)^) ardb, i, make tight (a knot") ; strike on a member of the body ; — arib, a, need ; be poor and needy ; have flaccid members ; be out of order (stomach) ; be bad and hard (times) ; be strongly attached ; be versed in (s-> bi) ; — arub, be wise, pru- dent ; — II. INF. ta'rib, make fast, tight ; sharpen ; increase and perfect ; — iv. inf. i'rdb, overcome, conquer ; — y. inf. ia'arrub, raise difficulties ; take affected airs ; affect slyness. V'j^ arab, need ; — arb, fore-finger ; — arib, prudent, sly ; — irb, cun. 4 vj 26 >.\ nlng; malice; pi. drah, ar'ab, limb, member ; need ; aim ; piece ; — urb, misfortune, reli- gious scruple ; — i irba-t, mis- fortune ; cunning ; also urba-t, chain, necklace ; pi. drab, neces- saries, need; — urba-t, pi. urab, strong knot ; — aribha-t, allies, pi. of ^.Ijj ribdb. Wj^ arbd', pi. of y; rabw, troop ; — urubbd, Europe. SJ^;^ arhdb, masters, lords, &c., pi. of sJj rabb. ^^ arbd', pi. of ^j raV, rub', ruba', rubu', q.v. yV}j\ urbdn, pledges, pi. of cj^j rabim. !»jj\ arbat, childless ; — arbut, pi. of ^^j ribdt, q.v. ^j\ arba', f., S arba'a-t, m., four; gjjS\ uu\^j mwdt al-arba', quadru- ■ peds ; — arbu', vernal habitations, &c., pi. of JJ) raV ; — i arbi'a-t, spring-seasous, pi. of ^j rabi'. ^j^ arbi'd', arba'd', arbu'd', pi. ud\ U}j\ arbi'd' dt, Wednesday ; — arbc'd\ springs, pi. of ^j rabi'; — arbu^di', pillars, columns. •)\ arbu'dwd', temple with columns. J>j^ arbal, Arbela; flourishing again. ^J>J^ arba, more numerous, more. uwj\ aratt, f. ruttd', pi. rutt, stam- merer ; chatterer ; — S tirta-t, crest of the chameleon. g^j^ artd', crowd. tV>j^ irtibdt, ligament, connexion ; tic ; friendship. gWj^ irtijdj, trembling. gVs=j\ irtijd', return ; recollection ; conversion. JV:5?j\ irtijdl, improvisation ; — irti- jdl-an, ex tempore ; inconsider- ately. ^W'j\ irtihdl, departure, emigra- tion. U=^j\ irtihd\ relaxation. j^jj,^ ivtiddd ((^ 'an), apostacy ; {^J\ ila), return, conversion, \,^^ S^j\ |,Ljj^ irtisdm, being marked ; con- secration of a priest. ^jj^ irtisd', corruption, bribery. t=ij\ irtidd', contentment ; consent ; approval. ^j\ irti'd', pasturing (s.). ^V«>j\ irti'dh, being frightened, alarmed. irti'dd, trembling, being frightened. J'''^j^ irti'ds, trepidation. w)Uij\ irtigdh, desire, longing. gUij\ irtifd', pi. ua\, elevation, exal- tation, high dignity; removing; disappearance ; apogee ; yield of crops. ^\iuj[ iiiifdq, supporting one's self ; leaning against. \sa^ irtiqd', ascension, promotion ; increase. k_>Wj^ irtiqdb, observation from a watch-tower. i_>^j\ irtikdb, committing a sin ; undertaking ; riding on horse- back. ^\^j\ irtikdd, movement of a child in the womb ; agony ; anxiety. |.V&j\ irtilidm, accumulation. ■ v^'j^ irtihdb, fear, terror. L^>j\ irlihdt, assembly. i-jWj^ irtihdf, (m.) friendly recep- tion. S\^j\ irtihdTi, weakness of limbs. yW>j\ iViiAt(», mortgaging, pawning; seizure. Wj^ irtiyd', consideration, taking of thought. vW'j^ irtiydb, doubt, hesitation, un- certainty. t^^ iriiydh, rest; repose; viva- city ; cheerfulness ; zeal ; endea- vour ; mercy of God. ij'W'j^ iriiydd, training, dressing (an animal) ; exercise, g^jj^ irtiyd', fear, fright. (vi>j\) uraf, iNP. 0)>-, kindle ; — ii. tbi^ same ; sow discord ; — v. being kindled. >ijj^ i'i-s (for i^j^ wirs), inheritance; ashes, remains ; old custom ; root; — Mrs, thorn; — arass. >>\ 27 )i ■worn out, tattered ; — ^ ursa-t, pi. uras, red soil ; tinder ; boun- dary. (y*";^) irsa'ann, fall plentifully (rain) ; fall down in abundance (hair) ; be weak. ^yj\ 'arsilma-t, soil, ground, terri- ^^j\ arsa, untiring, indefatigable, unremitting. (ej^) araj, inf. ar;', sow discord ; — ■ INF. arjan, the same ; spread calumnies; — arij, a, inf. araj, arij, arija-t, be fragrant ; — li. sow discord ; spread strong scents, perfume, fumigate, in- cense ; — - » arja-t, scent, per- fume. W-j^ arjd', sides, &c., pi. of W-j raj -an. <-*W-jl irjdf, disturbance, alarm ; pi. ardjif, alarming rumours. t)W-j^ arajdti, disturbance ; — arjdn, wild almond tree. jjj.j\ arjah, more probable, comp. of £=-\j rdjih. {(j'sa^j^) irjahann, swing up and down (balance). i*^j\ arji'a-t, pi. of gWj rijd', halter of a camel. Ji>-j\ ar/aZ, more manly ; with large feet ; stony (road) ; — » arjila-t, pedestrians, &c., pi. of J«^j rajil. (j^j?-j\ arjawdn, urjuwdn (Pers.), purple ; a shrub with red blos- soms ; — t5 arjawdniyy, purple (colour). i?.^>)\ arjuja-t, urjuja-t, and ti.j>)\ arjuha-t, urjuha-t, pi. ardjth, swing, hammock. ?jj^j\ arjdza-t, poem in the metre jij-j ra/az (six times iji*JJ)\ ardabh, irdabb, corn measure =five bushels ; — irdabb, » irdab- ba-t, canal. &-'-ij\ ardama-t, root of a tree. (jjj\ ardan, Jordan; silk; — wr- dunn, sleepiness ; Jordan, ijjj^ ardiya-t, cloaks, robes, pi. of \oj ridd'. Jiji arzal, pi. oj and ardzil, more or most vile, mean ; abject ; de- crepit, (j^^) araz, ariz, A, i, u, inf. uruz, contract (n.), stand firm, be firmly rooted ; be cold (night) ; retreat to her hole (snake). ;.\ driz, firm, firmly rooted, strong ; cold; chief of a clan; — arz, urz, s , cedar, pine-tree ; — arwz, druz, aruzz, uruz, uruzz, urz=)^ ruzx, rice. j\^^\ arttdq, riches, Ac, pi. of Jj rizq. i,_j^\ irzabba-t, irou bar or mace. JJ 28 U,\ t)j^ arza', cowardly, more or most cowardly. jjjj\ irziz, shudder, trembling ; hail- storm ; push, thrust. (u-j^) aras, i, inf. ars, carry on agriculture as a peasant or farmer ; — ii. the same ; hire one's services. ■>j\ irsd', fixing, rendering firm ; casting anchor in a port ; land- ing- JL.j\ irsdl, sending, mission; quo- tation of a tradition of Muham- mad without mentioning an authority. yL.^\ arsdn, halters, &c., pi. of y—j rasan. (~'j\ arsah, firmer, comp. of ^\) rdsih. ^y^J)^ arsul, messengers, &c., pi. of J^j rasiil, and Ji-j rasil. &-^yj\ arsusa-t, a high cap. v^j\ ars, men, creatures ; gift, compensation, blood - money ; bribe; dispute, law-suit; insti- gation to quarrelling. (ij5'j\) aras, inf. ars, scratch one's face in sign of mourning ; incite to enmity ; give (2 ace.) ; pass. be claimed for extradition, in order to atone for bloodshed ; — II. INF. ta'ris, kindle ; — viii. INF. it'irds, take revenge or blood-money ; be delivered up for atonement. jUy\ irsdd, direction in the right way ; spiritual remonstrance. jA)^ arsah, more perspiring. JA;\ arsad, straight, straighter; more or most upright. i«A)\ arsiya-t, ropes, pi. of Vsy risd' . ^j>yi arass, f. Uj rassd, with well set teeth ; closely joining. jLc,\ irsdd, astronomical, observa- tion. y4)\ ard, f. pi. ar^un, aradiln, ara- 4dt, drdd, arddi, earth ; ground ; land ; sole, lowest part of any- thing ; u=;^ y4^ ibn ar(j, wan- derer, wayfarer, stranger ; — wra^, ^ , wood- worm ; — ar a worthier, worthiest; — ara a, not stirring from the place ; — ^ irda-t, urda-t, luxuriant grass. (o=jV oirad, INF. ard, consume into dust ; — arid, inf. arad, cover itself with pustules and get bad (wound) ; — arud, inf. ard, abound with food; — ^iNF. ardda-t, be well overgrown with plants ; be worthy of, fit for (J li) ; — pass, have a cold ; — ii. inf. ta'rid, graze all the herbs of a place and look for fresh pasture ; pre- pare for fasting ; embellish a speech ; reconcile ; molest, de- tain, prevent ; — iv. inf. i'rdd, give a cold ; — v. inf. ta'arrud, bend to the earth from heavi- ness ; be ripe for mowing ; hinder, thwart; — vi. inf. ta'd- rud, settle in a place ; — x. inf. isti'rdd, cover itself with pus- tules ; push forth roots. \-4)\ irdd', satisfying, consenting, complying with. gUj\ irdd', giving the suck, suck- ling. i^j\ ardiyy, earthly, terrestrial ; — i_jSy& ^_j*.j\ ardiyy sokiyy, arti- choke ; — i ardiyya-t, ground ; floor ; bottom of a vessel ; grounding colour of a stuff. JU.j\ artdl, pounds (of 12 ounces), pi. of Jtj rati, ritl. ^j\ ar'd', pastures, pi. of ^j ri'y. h^^ar'dwiyya-t, pasturing cattle. jjij\ ar'an, f. ra'nd', talkative ; stupid ; flabby ; demoralised (army) ; mild (air) ; mountain. 8jCj\ ur'uwwa-t, yoke (pair) of oxen. jVc)\ ir^ad, cable; living in affluence. •.^j\ argab, more or most greedy, covetous ; more desirable. J^j\ argad, more or most commo- dious, pleasant, affluent. iitj\ argifa-t, loaves, rolls, cakes, pi. of v-«*j rag if. Ji;\ argal, commodious, comfor- table (life) ; uncircumcised. j^j\ argun, pi. ardgin, arganun, organ (iustrumeut). t) 29 i) Jy=;^ argiil, oboe. (<-»;\) araf, ii. arraf, make a knot ; pass, be delimited; iii. cuufiue with ; — ii urfa-t, pi. uraf, boundary ; knot. j\ij\ ir/dq, supply, iv. of (ijij). yiUi)^ irfiddd, dispersing, disap- pearing. ji)^ arfa\ more elated, higher. Jij^ arfal, f. rafld', awkward, slo- venly ; flab-eared (ass). ^^J^ urfiyy, pure milk. (oj\) ariq, inf. araj, and viii. inf. i'tirdq, wake, be awake, sleepless ; — II. INF. ta'riq, and iv. inf. i'rdq, cause to wake. vjj\ arq, araq, uraq, disease in the corn ; jaundice ; — araqq, thinner, &c., comp. of ^ij raqiq. l«Uj\ arqdm, written characters, &c., pi. ^j raqam. (jUj\ irqdn, henna; saffron. ^j\ arqam, spotted ; al-arqam, a poisonous snake, viper. I=*j\ arqa-t, i. raq(d', spotted. ((ilj^) irh, a thorn tree ; — arak, arik, also pass, urik, have sto- mach-ache from feeding on its fruit ; stop and feed on it ; insist ; tarry ; — ii. inf. ta'rik, place the bride on the throne {&ikj\ arika-t). »s);\ arakk, stupid, imbecile, weak- minded, N.B. >^j\ II. ts)^^\ arkdk, slight showers, pi. of iS) rakk. (^\Sj\ arkdn, pillars, props, &c., pi. of (jji; rukn ; — irkdn, (m.) con- fidence. s-S;\ arkub, cavalcades, troops of horsemen, pi. of s-ij rakb. «T>j^^ arkub, troop of travellers on camels. M^j^ arkun, pi. ardkina-t, archon, &c., see y^j^ arJiun. ^^ arka, weaker, comp. of ^j rakiyy. (i^^j\ arnuis, old rope. C^jl armi'ih, lances, pi. of ^j rumh. ah.j\ armad, ashy grey, f. ar-ramdd', ostrich ; pi. ^ rtimd, flies ; very small ; numerous ; with watering (running) eyes. (ji/»;\ armad, burnt (ground) ; peb- bled ; pebbles ; — armud, i arini- da-t, pi. of t3^-=^j ramaddn, the month of fasting. J«j\ armal, pi. ardmil, ardmil, ardmila-t, single ; widowed ; poor ; f . armala-t, poor widow ; al-armala-t, the needy and deso- late. (^j^ arman, ^^ armaniyy, Arme- nian ; h armaniyya-t, Armenia. ^fj^ armula-t, pi. ardmil, poor; unmarried. ^_g^^ urma-=^^ urmd ; — & armiya-t, pi. of i^j rainiyy, thrown, hit. (oj^) aran, inf. am, bite ; — =- arin, A, INF. aran, arin, irdn, be quick, agile, brisk ; — iii. vie in beauty, elegance, &c. ; long for the cow (bull). l»}V)j\ arnaut, Arnaut. s-»j^ arnab, pi. ardnib, ardn-in, hare. &*ij\ arnama-t, (m.) arnaha-t, groin. yc(«ij\ irhds, premeditation. tUA arhdl, families, pi. of S=*>j raJit, raha{. (^\jtj\ irhdn, pledging, pawning. m\ arw, deceit, cunning. \}j\ irwd', watering, quenching of the thirst ; wetting. c\jj\ arwd^, pi. of Cju ruh, breath, &c., and of gSj rij/,, wind, &c. ; evening ; — irwah, bad smell. g^j,;\ arwd', pi. of jf^j rd'i\ q.v. i) 30 b^ ii^})\ arwdq, tents, &c., pi. ot j;; rauq. C^}j^ arwdiii, Greeks, Romaas, pi. of (•jj ram. Ci)^ arwah, i. raukd', pi. rwA, wide, spacious ; more airy, thinner ; more pleasant ; quiet. •>j)j^ arwad, slow, deliberate. (_;-5j\ ar'us, heads, &c., pi. of (j*\j ra's, j-as. g^j\ arwa', f. ^;ij j-aw'a', causing pleasure and admiration by beauty, bravery, &c. ; noble ; prudent, cunning. ^jj\ arwag, more or most cunning. &j>jj\ arwtqa-t, tents, &c., pi. of o^j; riwdq, ruwdq. (•jy\ arum, i , root ; — urum, moun- tain peaks, pi. of ^^ aram. (^jy\ iriin, hearths, &c., pi. of ij\ ira-t. ijjy\ urwiyya-t, pi. (3 to 10) ard- wiyy, (above 10) arwa, chamois, mountain-goat. (tSJ^) *''^' honey ; dew ; manua ; shining cloud ; squall ; — iry, ariy, pi. awdr-m, awdiyy, man- ger ; stable ; peg or rope for tying up. (j^j\) ara, i, inf. ary, i., v., viii., make honey ; drive the clouds and bring rain ; to eat from the same manger with another animal ; — ii. inf. ta'riya-t, make an animal eat from the same manger with another ; tie up, fasten ; conceal ; — iv. inf. i'rd', accustom one animal to another; — v. inf. ta'arri, re- main behind ; — v. and viii. INF. it'ird', be kept back; look out for what is tit, approjsriate ; — ara, ari, I, burn with anger ; — II. blow the lire. gUj\ arydh, winds, pi. of gSj ril}. Ji>\i.^ aryds, feathers, pi. of ij^.j ris, i risa-t. <_lb,\ arydf, fertile tracts, &c., pi. of •-^■) rif. »^\ arib, clever, skilful, prudent, cuniuis J arrow ; winner in the game of arrows ; f. s ariba-t, large and wide (kettle). gS;^ arij, i arija-t, inf. of (ej^) q-v. ; — anj, fragrance ; fra grant. j^j\ aryah, spacious, airy ; — tS aryahiyy, arihiyy, high-minded and liberal; vivacious, quick; — ^> aryahiyya-t, liberality, gene- rosity. yj\ ariz, very cold ; hoar-frost ; prince. (_r">j^ arts, irris, pi. un and ardris, ardris, ardrisa-t, peasant ; — irris, leader, prince. (jioj\ aryas, with a strong beard. yi>jl and, very rich ; well over- grown ; clever, fit ; modest ; pure. ssXsj\ arik, S pi. ardyih, divan for the bride; throne. fki^ arim, a certain person. (^jj\ aryan, what is beyond any- body's strength. (j\) azz, I, V, INF. azz, azdz, azis, thunder ; bubble ; — i. and ii. beat (pulse) ; agitate, excite ; make boil ; kindle ; make eager ; pain ; pour out ; have sexual intercourse with ; — v., viii. boil ; be agitated ; — viii. hasten. j\ azz, pulsation ; sexual inter- course ; pressing of a crowd ; — S azza-t, confusion, throng. (\j\) aza' , satiate ; flinch. izd', vis a vis ; site ; t*"'^'^ izd'uhum, their comrades ; \j\ ij^\ izd' al-'ais, livelihood. ^_^^j\ azdbiyy, ditiit ult and im- portant matters, &,c., pi. of ^j\ uzbiyy. is\^\ izdta-t, abun^lauce of olives and oil. s\j\ dzdj, colonnades, pi. of sj\ anaj. &=>.\^\ izdl^a-t, removing, taking away ; conclusion. j\j\ izdr, veil=ji;\ izr, q.v. j\j\ azdz, INF. of (j\) azz. ii\j\ izdla-t, abolition, annulling, annihilation. fi\)\ azdm, year of famine. b^ ^J^ 31 (*3 ■^ •^^j^ azdnid, fire-staves, pi, of <>i^ Zand. jtfi>y^ azdhir, flowers, pi. of iiy»j zahra-t. (sjj^) azab, i, flow ; — v. inf. ta'- azzub, divide a fortune between each other. »T»j\ azzah, f. zabbd', hairy, shaggy, downy, woolly ; fertile ; dread- ful ; — s azba-t, misfortune ; famine ; ■ — • ^^ azban, exce!::iive; — iizbiyy, pi. azdbiyy, matter of importance and difficulty ; great calamity ; quickness ; manner, way, method. (tsj\) azaj, V, azij, A, inf. uzilj, hasten ; forsake in need, leave in the lurch; — ii. build a co- lonnade. jy^ azaj, pi. dzdj, dzuj, izaja-t, colonnade, oblong hall with columns ; arch of a door ; — azajj, with long eye-lashes ; walking with quick long strides ; — (J azja, who manages skilfully and executes well. (Cj^) azah, i, inf. iizilh, contract (u.) ; approach one another ; tarry, remain behind ; slip ; beat (artery) ; — v., vr. be slow, remain behind. ^Ujj\ izdihdm, crowd, throng, mul- titude. \)Jj\ izdiriV, contempt, disdain, insult. ^Jj^ izdihd, pride; contempt. s\jJj\ izdki'dj, copulation, pairing. J^>Jj^ izdiydd, growth, increase. (jij^) azar, inf. azr, be vigorous; surround (for protection); strengthen; — ii. cover, veil; strengthen ; — iii. grow close together and entwine ; assist ; console ; correspond ; — iv. strengthen, invigorate ; — v. grow strong ; — v., viii. cover one's self with the veil j^j^ izdr. j^\ azr, stren;zth, and, by opposi- tion, weakness ; back ; — izr (more frequently izdr), pi. uzr, vzvr, azira-t, a long v.Tappei", veil; women; chastitv ;. — izr, ' izra-t, manner of wearing the izdr ; — izr, root ; — vzr, waist, j^jj^ azrdr, buttons, Ac, pi. of jj zirr. Jjj^ azraq, f. zarqd', pi. ziirq, blue, light blue, pale ; ^JJ}^ ^^ 'aduww azraq, mortal enemy ; zarqd', wine. fjj,\ azram, cat. )j\ azaz, crowd, thronged assembly. ^^j^ az'aJciyy, small, bad. Ja^j^ iz'il, lively, cheerful. (cJj^) azif. A, INF. azf, uzvf, ap- proach, come suddenly ; be in- significant ; — azaf, azif, azuf, close (as a wound) ; — ii., iv., v. the same ; — vi. approach one another. «-»j^ azaf, poverty, misery ; — i uzfa-t, pi. uzaf, boundary, limit ; — dzifa-t, day of the last judg- ment. Jij\ azfal, anger, burst of anger; — ii azfala-t, ^^ azfala, troop, crowd ; — izfalla-t, vivacity. ,_s»j^ azfa, hurry, haste, speed. O^;^ azqdq, leather pipes, pi. of i3j ^j\ aziqqa-t, lanes, &c., pi. of ^jVij zuqdq. W^j^ azMyd', pi. of ^_^j zaJciyy, good, upright, &c. (Jjv azal, I, INF. azl, be in need, misery ; suifer from hunger ; shorten a horse's tether, and allow it to graze ; not allow the cattle to pasture (from fear or scarcity of food) ; — v. be in anxiety. Jj^ azal, time without beginning, eternity ; — izl, falseness, lie ; great calamity ; extraordinary occurrence ; — 1_^ azaliyy, eternal, God ; — h azaliyya-i, eternity. ((•j\) azani, i, inf. azm, adhere, be firmly attached ; carry on as- siduously ; watch ; • — inf. azm, uzutn, bite with aU the teeth; bite the bridle ; bite into pieces, rt^ 32 u- cut ; annihilate; overcome, con- quer ((^jlc 'ala) ; lock ; twist tight ; oppress ; abstain from (i^ 'an) ; — azim, a, inf. azam, contract and unite (n.) ; alight ; — V. stay long in a place ; be oppressed (bj famine, &c.). ^j\ azm, manner of plaiting the hair ; meal ; bite ; silence ; — dzim, pi. uzzam, uzum, tooth ; — i azma-t, azama-t, pi. azm, izam, one daily meal; famine, poverty, distress ; — uzima-t, pi. awdzim, tooth ; — azimma-t, pi. zimdm, strap ; leading cord. S^jl azmd', rivulets ; valleys, pi. of Ix^j zam'a-t. u>~-j\ azma-t, graver, more digni- fied, &c., comp. of c;->i.-j zamit. ^j\ azma', pi. azdmi', calamity. ^y^)^ azmal, pi. azdmil, azdmil, in- distinct sound, noise ; family, household ; — uzmal, azmul, lug- gage ; — izmall, weak-minded ; — 6 azmala-t, numerous ; sound of the bow ; luggage, household furniture ; family comprising slaves. i^^j\ azmina-t, times, pi. of (^j zaman and y^j zamdn. t}i!^^\ izmil, knife for scraping ; spear, spit; chisel; engraving- needle ; scissors ; hammer ; strong, and, by opposition, weak. jli^\ azhar, f . zahrd, pi. zuhr, shining white, fresh, resplendent ; moon ; star ; lion ; milk fresh from the udder ; Friday ; al-azha.rdn, sun and moon; a:-:ahrawdn, the second and third chupters of the Qur'an : 'ijS^\ al-baqra-t (the cow) and (j^j*c Jl dl 'imrdn (the family of Imran, father of Moses). ^£>3^ azha, shining ; yellowish red ; ripe. (jj\) azd, u, INF. azw, grow short (shadow when the sun is high). -i^-^ azwdd, Hjj|j\ azwida-t, travelling provisions, pi. of o^j zdd. j^jj\ azwdr, pi. of j^jj ziwdr and J^3 ziydr, q.v. jj)^ azwar, f. saurd', pi. zur, in- clined ; oblique ; squinting ; deep well; tomb; army; az- zaurd', Bagdad. ji'jj^ azu-as, proud boaster. (•;j\ azum, pi. uzum, tooth ; biting with all teeth ; sterile ; — azum, f. i , addicted to (v bi). (tSj^) o.^<^! I, INF. azy, uziyy, be added ; add ; grow shorter (shadow) ; play a confidence trick ; come suddenly upon ; torment ; waste one's fortune ; — III. INF. mu'dzdt, keep pace with, accompany ; — iv. inf. i'zd', repay a benefit twice over; fear ; stand in fear of, corre- spond ; keep pace with ; tor- ment ; — V. INF. ta'azzi, crowd together, assemble (n.) ; tremble (an arrow which has hit the mark) ; make a canal. >-»^;^ azydf, pi. of --nf^j zd' if and ^j zaif, clipped coin. (jkj^ izydn, izziydn, adorning, &c., IV. and VIII. of (tjjj). s-sj^ azyah, liveliness, nimbleness ; nimble, brisk, alert; insignifi- cant ; calamity ; enmity ; fear ; Satan ; bastard ; adopted son ; hedgehog ; east wind ; — izyabb, great, violent. •JJj^ azyad, greater, more. jlj\ aziz, violent motion ; cold (s. and adj.). (u"^) ass, INF. ass, iss, i.ss, ruin ; cause discord ; secrete honey ; build a house ; — ii. inf. ia'sis, mark out and lay the founda- tions of a building. U^^ ass, iss, ttss, pi. dsds, dsdsdt, isds, foundation ; beginning ; cause ; trace ; remainder ; excre- ments ; — ffs, » , myrtle ; remain- der, trace ; tomb ; companion ; — ds-in, see ^s-\ dsi. u 83 \ ' '^^'^j grief ; — S usdt, physicians, pi. of ^_^\ dsi. C*}^^ asdW, weeks, pi. of ^j<-\ asbu'a-t. •MU\ a8tt<&, S asdtiza-t, masters, &c., _ pi. of Jbu«\ ustdz. ;4»^^ asaitr, pi. of jU-.\ istdr, q.v. (:^s'^-"l asdtin, columns. 5>^^^ a«tt;"t', cadences, sl=^\ asdtin, columns, &c., pi. of &\^l2-,\ ustuwdna-t. JjL.\ asdfil, rabble, &c., pi. of J4-.\ as/aZ. >-ii^\ asdqif, i asdqifa-t, bishops, pi. of <-aa-.\ usquf. ^^^~^ asdqi, leather bags for water or milk, pi. of U- sagd'. J^\ dsdl, pi. resemblance, simili- tude ; signs ; — is'dl, complying with a request, iv. of (J^) ; — ■ i asdla-t, being oral ; — isdla-t, causing to flow, iv. of (J*-). »i-*a3^\ asdlib, manners, ways, pi. of i-jy—^ usMb. (3«)l-.\ asdliq, glands of the palate. f\^\ dsdm, dsdm-in, ^^\ asdmi, names, pi. of i*—\ isin, usm ; — * asdma-t, usdma-t, lion ; — (^ asdmiyy, (m.)J client'; debtor ; tenant ; counsel in a law-suit ; office. tjU^ dsdn, characters, pi. of <^\ usun. •VW asdnid, quotations, &c., pi. of v5U_\ isndd. JjL.\ asdwid, pi. of Jy-\ aswad, black. j;^\ asdwir, i asdwira-t, bracelets, pi. of j\^ siwdr. SjL.\ usdwa-t, art of the physician ; medicine; cure. k^\ asdyd, pi. of (j\j~>\ aswdn, yW-^ asydn, sad, sorrowful. s^W-*^ asbdb, causes, &c., pi. of s-«<~> sabab. tW-^ asbdt, tribes of Israel, &c., pi. of k--« sibt. t^^ asbd', seventh parts, pi. of Qf sub' ; — isbd', be or become seven, iv. of (5<-"). jjW-^ igbdnaj, spinach, gt-^ asbu', seventh parts, pi. of g-— sub'. (>}->^ asbaq, first comer ; ovetraking the others ; prior, superior. J*-^ asbal, with long moustaches ; f. sabld, with long eye-lashes. ^}t^\ usbnha-t, quarrel, dispute. g^«~>\ usbw', S usbil'a-t, pi. grfV«.\ asdbi', week ; usbu'an, in the seventh place. E^-^w-*^ isbiddj, white lead. u>— \ ist, pi. istdt, back part, but- tock ; anus ; foundation. 5li-,\ istdj, shuttle. JU-i\ ustdz (.>U-.^ ustdd), pi. -mm, asdtiz, asdtiza-t, master ; teacher ; artisan ; celebrated doctor ; pre- fect. ^Vx-\ astdr, veils, &c., pi. of /-• sitr; — istdr, pi. asdtir, a coin, worth about a florin ; four ; — istdra-t, the same ; covering ; veiling. &>.\^j:-.^ istibdha-t, giving leave, per- mission ; giving up, abandon- ing, it^ju.^ istibd'a-t, exhibition for sale ; wish to sell. jl^j-*\ istibdq, contest for supe- riority, striving to be first. 5 £.Ma^ 34 Ajlijju^ istibdna-t, wish to know accurately ; distinctness. jU-ju.\ istihddd, absolute power; exclusive possession ; usurpa- tion ; obstinacy ; being reduced to one's own resources. g\Ajju.t istibdd', innovation. J\a-ju.\ istibddl, change, exchange. \ftsJ\ istihrd', getting free ; menses. j\j.jju\ istibrdz, challenging for a combat. tiyt^ istdbraq, shot silk, brocade ; dress of it. JL«jjL.\ isHbsdl, defying danger. jV.i^j4-,^ istibsdr, good news, or re- joicing at such ; teaching (the Gospel). j\.a.j-...\ istibsdr, looking closely, examining ; sagacity. gLi(ju\ istibdd', sorting goods for Uas»,\ istibtdn, concealing. jU^j;-\ istib'dd, removing to a dis- tance, departure. JU.. j ...\ istib'dl, taking a husband, marrying. ^Af^ istibgd', desire, longing for. ^^V«Jis-,\ istisbdt, perseverance. JUix-.\ istisqdl, molestation, deem- ing anyone a bore. Ujix«\ istisnd', exception ; exclu- sion ; praise. &iVq5x-.\ istijdba-t, listening favour- ably, complying with a request. Sj^sf,x-.\ istijdda-t, finding good, choosing the best. Sj^j,,i-\ istijdra-t, asking for pro- tection or assistance ; hiring, renting. BjUsX-.\ istijdza-t, asking leave. ji)j^^ istijbdr, compulsion ; vio- lence ; making firm, strong. j\.vs,i~.\ istijddd, renovation; inno- vation. j\;:5!Ji-.\ istijzdz, being ripe for har- vest. JUa,x-,\ istij'dl, conflagration ; lust ; rut. >_j;^jL».\ istijldb, attraction ; driving cattle, &c., to market. gU«5i-\ istijmd', assembling, as- sembly ; career (swiftest running of a horse). |.U.^j>-.^ istijmdm, recreation ; rest- ^■W;;«.\ istihdsa-t, digging and ex- ploring of the ground ; export. jVjs,^ istihdr, crowing of the cock in the morning ; early depar- ture ; — i istihdra-t, disquisition, X. of ( jy^) ; — astonishment, x. i3Va=i-\ istihdla-t, change, transfor- mation ; being undulated ; being impossible or absurd. >_>U^j:-.\ istihbdb, loving, longing for ; supererogation. (i^Uajc^ istihsds, spurring on, urg- ing- «i>\A&i-.\ istihdds, receiving of news ; deeming new or fresh. jl.\ai_\ istihddd, sharpening. yU.ajc-,\ istihsdn, approval ; praise ; admiration ; taking as a favour. jlaasJu,\ istihsdd, being ripe for har- vest. J\-oa5i_\ istihsdl, acquiring, obtain- ing ; gathering. yU3jfci-.\ istihsdn, retiring to a for- tress ; intrenching. jU&i-.\ istihddr, summoning before. tUa,i«\ isfihfdz, preserving in me- mory, recollection. jVa^jL.\ isiihqdr, treating with con- tempt ; scorning ; vilifying. (•V^s«,^ istihkdm, strengthening, fortifying ; corroboration ; pro- moting ; securing. »-*!^»a"\ istihldf, demanding an ^ 35 ■s^**iT oath ; adjuring ; swearing so- lemnly. J!^«si-.\ istihldl, deeming or making lawful ; prescription (of pro- perty) . jU.iteX«\ istihmdl, patience ; tolera- tion ; resignation. (•UasJu\ istihmdm, bathing ; taking a warm bath. WajJ'-^ istihyd', being ashamed or bashful ; remaining alive. SjWyi-^ istihdra-t, prayer for good things, blessings, &c. ; desire for good. Wat!~.^ istihbd', pitching a tent ; hiding one's self. jWay-\ istihhdr, inquiring. (.\.\sai-.\ istihddm, making use of or hiring one's services; looking out for work or service. ^Asis-^ istihzd', self-humiliation. g\^^;i..\ istihrdj, extraction ; deriva- tion ; choosing. li5tJi-.\ istihfd' , hiding one's self ; absconding. ^ViajjX-.^ istihfdf, slighting, despis- ing ; making light of. ^joSka-s-.^ istihlds, setting at liberty, desire to liberate. ,j!ibfcs-.\ istihldf, leaving descend- ants ; succession. »j\ju-t istiddra-t, surrounding ; being circular or globular. iu^jkx..^ istiddma-t, perseverance ; endurance. &\jix-.^ istiddna-t, borrowing. j\ijLsu.\ istidbdr, returning, turning one's back to ; tardy wisdom. JUjlx-\ istidhdl, desire to enter ; intermeddling. g\jOa~.\ istidrdj, advancing by steps or degrees. i2!\jja-.^ istidrdk, comprehending, un- derstanding ; acquiring ; reach- ing, overtaking ; improving, mending. \fiXiJ\ istid'd', humble request; soliciting. gUjLs-.^ istidfd', prayer for the averting of evil. jVi.Ai^\ istidqdq, accuracy ; puncti- liousness. J!5xu-\ istidldl, bringing forth proofs, demonstration ; asking for reasons. ^\iAx-,\ istizMr, reminding, recalling to memory, recollection. JSax-.^ istizldl, contempt ; vilifying. l»Uis-,\ istizmdm, deserving blame ; asking protection. i_jUAi^\ igtizndb, following closely ; being terminated ; suspecting. A}\jp!-.\ istirdba-t, doubting, suspect- ing- Wyu.^ istirdha-t, smelling; repos- ing, resting ; tranquillity ; paus- ing. y}i\jxJ\ istirdq, theft. E^y~*^ istirtdj, giving way of the voice. W-;Ji-i istirjd', petitioning, suppli- cating. £W-yi-\ istirjd', asking or taking back ; reclamation ; wish to return. l4.yi-.\ istirhd', relaxation. ^\.&.jxJ^ istirhds, cheap bargain ; wish for cheapness ; bartering. jWjJu.\ istirddd, asking or taking back, demanding restitution ; remonstrance. Ujyui\ istiridiyd, oyster. J\ jyu.\ istirzdl, contempt, disdain. \a,^\ istirjd', demanding a bribe. jU^\ istirsdd, being rightly di- rected. Uyi.»\ istirdd', striving to please. UyL»^ istir'd', committing to an- other's care. j\ijju.\ istirqdq, enslaving. jUyi-^ istirfdd, seeking help. uiLx-.\ istarak, storax. csUrfyo-\ astarmuk, ostrich. ^tjVAj*..\ istirhdb, frightening. y\jbyi-\ istirhdn, taking a pledge. cUjX-\ istirwdh, resting ; smelling. 6j^ji-.\ istizdda-t, asking for more. 6j\yu.\ istizdra-t, asking for a visit. JS)X-\ istizldl, slipping. jUf~A-^ istishdr, mocking at, making sport of. J\ 36 -\ j\A««s-.^ istisddd, stopping, locking up. \r~^^ isiisrd', travelling at night- time. j^j~-x-.\ istisrdr, being covered by clouds (moon) ; hiding one's self. V*—!^^ istis'd', effort ; haste. uU.M,..T...\ iatis'dd, wish for happi- ness ; happiness ; wishing joy ; demand for help. VttwJ^^ istisqd', desire for drink ; taking drink ; dropsy. «j!^»-u.\ istisldf, prepayment ; ad- vance of money. j,!^~»x-.\ istisldm, submission, obedi- ence ; conversion to Islam. jU.~s-.\ istisndd, reclining against, leaning on. JV (l .... ? ...\ istishdl, commodiousness ; ease. jjVAi-,\ istisdra-t, consulting, asking for advice. &Lsu«\ istiMna-t, disapproval. jUax-,\ istWdr, conception of fear. 14AJL..\ isti^fd', wish for recovery ; indulging one's desires. fUAi-.\ istiSfd', asking for inter- cession. «_i\A.iJw\ istisfdf, transparency. ^U>&a..\ istismdm, smelling (a.), snu£B.ing. 4>l9.^;ju.\ istishdd, taking or demand- ing evidence ; martyrdom. j\^AxJ\ isti^hdr, eagerness for glory, ambition. &Ux«.\ istisdba-t, approval. W-aa-^ istisbd', childishness, childish manners. t^Uf^ix-.^ istishdh, associating, wish- ing for one's company. j;U-s-i\ istisgdr, holding in small estimation, despising, slighting. \i.axJ\ istisfd', choice of the best. g!iUii.»\ isUsldh, petition for peace. >^\j.axJ\ istisvodh, approval, deeming right. 8UxJ\ istidd'a-t, desire to be en- lightened. ii\ixJ\ istiddfa-t, request for help, for hospitality. cs)U=^x-\ istidhdk, laughing or mock- ing at. ijUsx..^ istitaba-t, approbation ; liking, finding agreeable ; ablu- tion. jUax-\ istitdr, drawing, delineation ; description. fcU=i..,\ istitd'a-t, possibility ; being capable of, able to ; obedience. &3U=x-\ istitdla-t, length ; victory. ._>Lki-\ istitbdb, wish for a physi- cian or a medicine. j\jLs-.\ istitrdd, digression. |,Uki-.\ istit'dm, desire for food. g!!isx-\ istitld', inquiry; trying to fathom one's mind. jS^!=x-\ istitldq, delivery, setting free ; stool. ( j ~^g. "— \ istatlas, asphalt. JiMii-\ istizldl, sitting in the shade. _,Vaki-\ istizhdr, seeking for protec- tion ; protection. s j\jts_\ isti'dza-t, refuge to God. ij\*xJ\ isti'dra-t, borrowing ; meta- phor ; — ^5 isti'driyy, borrowed ; falsified ; metaphorical. diUi_^ isti'dda-t, wish for exchange. jL*x.,\ isti'bdd, reducing to slavery. jUju«\ isti'bdr, taking an example. JV^^i-.^ isti'jul, hastening, accele- rating. (.V^!*i_.\ isti'jdm, stammering, speaking in a barbaric or un- intelligible manner, deeming one to speak so. ^.i*;!.»\ isti'dd', asking for help or vengeance against an enemy. o\.xxi-.\ isti'ddd, readiness ; skill ; merit ; tendency. ,\.i*x-.\ isti'ziir, asking excuse. V«j*i...\ isti'sd', rebellion. Ua«~-\ isti'td', asking for a gift. ._iU«i-.\ isti'tdf, courting favour with, insinuating one's self into another's good graces ; solicit- ing- (»Ui*i-.\ isti'zdm, striving for great- ness ; considering as great ; esteem! ^ 87 ^i»^\ isti'fd', asking pardon or ab- solution ; resignation (of an office); deposition. ^\ija^\ isti'fdf, abstinence ; ab- stemiousness. v>U»s-.\ isU'qdd, credulity. 'i*^\ isti'ld, elevation. e!\*i-,\ isti'ldj, medical treatment, cure. ^l\»x-,\ isti'ldm, asking for informa- tion, inquiry. y!U--.\ isti'ldn, publication. ^U«i-.\ isti'mdr, cultivation, colonisa- tion. JU«.x-.\ isti'mdl, employment, use. j^g*s-.\ istl'hdd, stipulation, con- tract. \jxx~,\ isti'wd', call for help. ^'^-^ istigdsa-t, asking for help, for one's right ; appeal. v^j*^-'^ istigrdb, wonder, astonish- ment, amazement. ^j\jAi-.\ istigrdq, being submerged ; exaggeration. c V'ii'**-''. istig^d', covering, veiling one's self. jU«x-.\ istigfdr, asking forgiveness, repentance, deprecation. ^j!Us-.\ istigldq, being bound to do ; obscurity. tx-^ istignd', being satisfied; not being in want of a thing, there- fore contemning it ; supercilious- ness. i*^ istigndm, exploiting. ^ix^\ istigwd', fraud, deceit. Sj\Ax-.\ istifdda-t, advantage, gain. &«\Ai-.\ istifdda-t, publication ; over- flowing ; abundance. &iUx«,\ istifdqa-t, recovering con- sciousness ; superiority. £iiV4;-.\ istifdha-t, eating one's fill. Vxii-\, istiftd', consulting the Mufti, a lawyer. cUiJ-.\ istiftdh, asking for help ; summons to open, to surrender ; demanding an explanation. ^\yii..\ istifrdh, breeding poultry, pigeons, &c. j\jAx.«T istifrdr, running away, flight. ^\jiixJ\ ietifrdg, vomiting ; reject- ing. jlwii-\ istifsdd, tendency to injure. jl~.ii_\ istifsdr, request for explana- tion, information ; question. c!ias-.\ istifldh, well-being. yUis~.\ istifndm, classification. l«^3ai-.\ istifhdm, wish to compre- hend ; desire for instruction ; inquiry; question. ^a»->^ istiqd', drawing water. isUx-.^ istiqdta-t, requiring provi- sions ; provisioning. i/»V5:i-.\ istiqdma-t, uprightness ; rectitude ; sincerity ; rising ; dwelling ; fortitude ; estimating the value of goods ; (m.) preg- nancy. gLas-.\ istiqbdh, detesting, abhor- ring. J\^£;;J\ istiqbdl, going to meet ; re- ception ; future ; — ^J istiqbdliyy, future, impending. JUos-.^ istiqtdl, murderous disposi- tion, blood-thirstiness. (♦^.Xax,.) istiqddm, going in advance; surpassing ; wish to surpass, j^^ai-.^ istiqrdr, confirmation, ratifi- cation ; settling down. yo\yyu.\ istiqrdd, borrowing ; asking for a loan. Uai-,\ istiqsd', desire for know- ledge ; disquisition ; investiga- tion. yeUi£x-,\ istiqsds, thirst for revenge; requital. tatt*-.^ istiqdd', demand for pay- ment. jUaax-.\ istiqtdr, dropping, dripping. jVaSiM.\ istiqfdl, covetousness, ava- rice. JSfe_\ istiqldl, absolute power, full powers, proxy. &jli;L-.\ istikdna-t, submission, sub- missiveness. jV\ — i.x~,\ isti/csdb, gain, earnings. ._iU&^x-^ istik^df, uncovering, eluci- dation ; close observation. s_>;i^~.\ istiJddb, hydrophobia ; rav- ing madness ; rage. jUXs«\ istikmdl, completion ; bring- ing to perfection ; wishing to complete or make perfect. li~«) istild', melting. ^!iu-\ istildb, plundering. f,'i;iJ\ istildm, submission; venera- tion ; kissing with reverence, VIII. of (^1-) ; • — istil'dm,, mis- alliance, X. of (("S). 5Wi5~>\ istiljdj, claiming for one's self. jV^Ixm,\ istilhdq, accompanying. («^U-.\ istilhdm, pursuing, perse- cution. j\jls_\ isiiZzaz, relishing, delighting in, delight. ^\^£j\ istitzdm, deeming necessary ; forcing from. VsIli-,\ istilqd', meeting ; catching what has been thrown; falling on one's back. de^Uji-.^ istimdha-t, begging, asking for pardon. gUj;-.^ istimd', hearing, listening. l!Ui-.\ istitnula-t, caressing, gaining or courting favour with. gU»j:-.\ istimtd', enjoying ; usu- fruct ; celebration of a feast in Mekka. j\jl4Ju.\ istimddd, asking for sup- plies, subsidies, aid ; extension ; reach; prolongation. \j*x-,\ istimrd', digestibility. j\j*^ istimrdr, persisting, perse- vering, continuation ; proceed- ing ; finding bitter. g\v*;i-\ ietimzdj, inquiring for one's health. is)L«.*;u.\ istimsdk, holding fast, re- taining. uubUx^\ istimkdt, suppuratioo. flj\j!JL.n* yVXfci-\ istimkdn, capability ; taking hold of ; consolidation. i£J:iuJi-\ isiimldk, taking possession. ja*i-.\ istimldl, disgust, bad hu- mour. yU«-~-\ istimndn, asking a favour. J\«*s-.\ istimhdl, asking for delay. ^\jjJ\ istindd, reclining on, leaning against, standing firm. istindra-f, seeking light, illumination, enlightening the heart. iUUs_\ istindma-t, sleepiness ; dreaminess. yU~,\ istindn, viii. of (i^), cleans- ing the teeth ; friskiness ; gal- lop. IfJsJi istimhd', seeking instruction, information. LUi;^\ istimbdt, discovery, inven- tion ; deducing from or referring to an authority. gU~s-.^ istintdj, logical inference, conclusion ; result. ^sii-.\ istinjtl', getting free,, desire for liberty ; asking for relief or forgiveness ; obtaining ; ablu- tion. jVa-^ii-^ istinjdh, desire for success ; fulfilment, happy issue. ijVat^:;-.^ istinjdd, asking for help or protection ; recovery. jVj^a;l.-\ istinjdz, despatch of busi- ness. y..Vjtjji...\ istinjds, soiling, polluting, defiling. )i\jk.u-.\ istinddh, success. J^y;^-.^ istinzdl, hospitable recep- tion ; dismissal from office. \.~.i. " ...\ istinsd', asking for delay of payment ; begging to forget. ^^\ — :£~,\ istinsdb, claiming or deriving descent from ; approv- ing. j\ — •.s^\ istinsdh, copying ; correct- ing ; effacing ; abolishing. VA.;i_\ istin^d\ smelling, snuffling ; examining. tUa;;.»\ istin^dt, shrinking, shrivel- ling. 89 -\ ^U.i;w,^ istinsdf, breathing through the nose, inhaling. {;Uis«\ istinsdh, asking advice. jUi;-,\ istinsdr, asking help ; vic- tory. _ jUiix-,\ istinzdr, wish to see ; ex- pectation ; asking for a delay, respite. ,_^Uis-.\ istingds, (m.) pity, mercy, compassion. jU«„^ istinfdd, emptying, voiding. jUix-\ istinfdr, flight ; refuge ; (m.) aversion. jU^ju.^ istinfdq, spending money. .JUu«.\ istinqdz, rescue, escape, sal- vation. ij*^^^-*^^^ isiinqdS, painting, engrav- ing- yoUix-.\ istinqds, demanding an abatement of price ; disapproval. gVa~i-i\ istinqd', stagnation. |,lius~.\ istinqdm, revenge (m.). glCu-.^ istinkdh, marrying. j ^ '.v.i\ istinhdd, aversion. jV^i~.\ istinkdr, denying, refusing ; not knowing; abhorrence (m.). jVX«-.^ istinkdf, declining, refus- ing, rejecting ; disdaining ; horror. yoVjis-.\ istinhdd, rousing, inciting, ordering to do anything. ^\^iJ\ istihdm, throwing lots by means of arrows. i(V9i«.\ istihdna-t, contempt. \i^xJ\ istihdd', desire for direction ; attaining one's end. \yixJ\ istihzd', derision, mocking at. vs)Skai-.\ istihldk, destruction, annihi- lation ; consumption ; dilapida- tion ; mortal enmity. J%i-.\ istihldl, appearance of the new moon ; beginning of a lunar month; exordium (m.) ; cheer- fulness. j»Uax».\ istihmdm, zeal and careful- ness in doing anything ; instiga- tion ; stimulation. U9i-\ istihnd', asking help. \jg;u.\ istihwd', enchantment; se- duction ; making fall in love. \yu\ istiwd', being equal, parallel ; uniformity ; equanimity ; (m.) patience ; being well done (cooked); ripeness; getting of full age ; \y~.'i\ y. hattu-'l- istawd', equator. ii\jjx^\ ustautdh, alas ! woe ! ij<~'\ istiyy, fundamental. W^^ istiyd', VIII. of (U.), toleration of an evil or a sin. j^ir—\ istiydr, viii. of (;#-•), making provision for a journey ; — isti'dr, X. of (j^j), running away, flight. y«UiJ isti'dg, ((j-S>), despair. i3^*x-.\ istiydq, driving along, urging on. usJVja-^ istiydk, pick the teeth with the '^\f — * miswdk. JW*-^ isti'dl (J\j), assemblage. jWe^!-^ istibdl (Ji^), unwholesome condition of the air. gUjwL-.\ istisitj (g>)), dense growth. jUsi-.\ isti'sdr (/^), preference, distinction ; claiming for one's self ; solitude ; — isUsdr (/;), molestation ; astonishment. jUjjw.^ istisaq (kj'j), firmness ; Standing firm. . •^ isUsdn (e>»j), being or growing fat ; increase, plenty. g-js-.^ istij, shuttle. >.^t;^_j*-'^ istijdb, worthiness ; ap- proval ; deeming necessary. j^^£i-.\ isti'jdr (fA), hiring, renting. J^s^x-.\ isti'jdl (J=i-^), asking a delay, a respite ; reaching a term. tjV:5-ia-.\ istij df('~i-^}), being in love. oVart^:-^ istihdd {•^^)), being alone, solitariness. jVfe£s-<^ isti'hdz (>^^), stumbling from near-sightedness. _jV^2i-.\ isti'hdr (j^^), remaining behind ; delaying ; procrastina- tion. \ji£*-\ isti'dd' ((j'*^), asking help ; importunity. ^A(JiJ\' istidd' (gJj), trusting with a deposit ; recommendation. (j^JiSi-.^ isti'zdn (y-i^), asking leave, permission. y^t ^ 40 Ju\ i>;\j*i_^ istirdh (^j), watering, irri- gation. j^^*i^\ istirdd (Jjj), invitation ; (m.) gain. j\j-i-,\ istizdr (jjj), appointment as a vizier. g^jft^^ istizd,' (gj^), praying for divine inspiration. ^-*£=-^ isti'sd' ()-''\), consolation. ;* — Sx~.\ isti'sdr (j-^), taking captive ; • — istisdr (j~^), being easy, com- modious, in good order. gU.,ou«\ istisd' (5-j), great extent ; abundance ; opportunity. y\ — ixj\ istisdn ((^)), sleep. W*-^ istisd' (i^)), wish to make a will ; commission. JUss-,^ isti'sdl (J*^), taking root ; eradicating, extirpating, destroy- ing- j;Lisi^\ isttddh i^j), strict inquiry, asking exact information. (»W^^ istiddm (i*^)), offence. ylko:-.^ istitdn (yJ=>j), dwelling, settling down in a place. ^at^ istifd' (o*j), full payment, entire satisfaction ; exhaustive treatment of a matter ; (m.) indemnity, damages ; revenge. jU*i_\ istifdr {f)), receiving or granting full payment. jU,>s».\ istifdz (j*^), being on the wing ; being always in readi- ness. yiU-x..^ istifdd (o=>»j), haste ; pur- suit ; banishment. jlnjjt..,! istifdq {ij^)), imploring the grace of God ; assistance. jU-x..^ istiqdd (-^j), shining of the fire. tVa~;t_\ istiqdz (^i), waking, being awake ; attention, being on one's guard. gU-*-\ istiqd' (gij), anxiety ; expec- tation ; sharpening. ^UL>;i,..^ istiqdf ('-**j), standing, waiting. yVaAi-.\ istiqdn d^k), knowing for certain, making certain of. j^jju.^ istiqdh (H)), obedience. %:X^\ istild' (j_55j), victory; conquest; dominion ; authority. oie~-.\ istildd (jJ^), acknowledgment of a child ; desire to beget. ^U£~«l isti'mdr (j"^), consultation. yU£^\ isti'mdn (i^"^), confidence; imploring for protection. ^^■S^'-\ isti'nd' ijj^), expectation. y-Uii-l isti'nds (lt-'^), familiarity, sociability ; approving (s.). fc_iU£i-\ isti'ndf ('-^^), beginning. w.Va,wu.\ istihdb (s-*^) asking a gift. J'^^Xx~A isti'hdl CJ*^)j worthiness. ^^-.\ asjdd, tribute ; capitation- tax ; tributary Jews and Chris- tians ; — isjdd, adoration. gU5-.\ asjd', rhymes, cadences, pi. of j^--. saj'. e==-^ asjah, f. sajhd', well propor- tioned. icjj^_\ usju'a-i, pi. asdji', rbymed prose. jW-.\ ashdr, mornings, pi. of ^fe— sahar ; — iskdr, early sunrise ; coming early in the morning. (3W-.\ ishdq, Isaac ; removal, &c., IV. of (o*^). 4«j)ij&-.^ ishildiiiyya-t, tall, handsome woman. (««&-^ asham, f. sahmd, black; pi. asdhim, horn ; cloud ; leathern bag for wine ; raven ; blood. _)Vai&-«\ ishinfdr, swiftness ; talka- tiveness. y\^a,-.\ ushuwdn, >-j^«!-«\ ushiib, vo- racious. **s»-^ ashiya-t, membranes of papyrus, &c., pi. of W- sahd and ^W- sahdt/a-t, q.v. ; — ushiyya-t, parchment. k-*^&-.\ ishdf, imbecility. f»»^^ ishain^^l^:&:~.\ asham. iJ^~-\ is/jiiia-t, hot fever. tj=^^ as/ia, more or most liberal. W^^^ ashiyd', pi. of ^_sJ&— sahiyy, liberal. (x»\) asad, I, (also ii.) cause dis- cord, rebellion ; scold, abuse ; — asid, be frigbtened at the sight of a lion ; have the Ju«\ 41 W courage of a lion ; — ii. and iv. set a dog at another animal ; — V. be angry, be like a lion ; — X. be as a lion ; show courage against anybody ; (pass.) be ir- ritated against (^JLc 'ala) ; grow vigorously in all directions (plant). A-\ asad, f . 8 , pi. usd, dsud, dead, usud, usdcm, ma'sadat, lion ; — asadd, who hits on the right thing, goes straight on ; — i asida-t, (8heep-)fold ; — asidda-t, pi. of .V. sadd, bodily defect, impediment. J\a-.\ asddl, curtains, &c., pi. of JjA-i aadil. (^^jju.\ isdardn, the shoulders. i_iA-.\ asdaf, black. Jji-.^ asdal, pi. sudul, hanging down ; — asdul, veils, pi. of JJ~. sidl, sudl. ^JJkJ\ asadiyy, like a lion ; — asdiyy, usdiyy, warp ; — i as- diya-t, warps, &c., pi. of SW saddt, q.v. (j-)) asar, i, inp. asr, tie, bind ; take captive ; create strong and powerful ; — pass, suffer from dysury ; — ii. tie up ; — v. in- quire for the reasons of any- thing ; — X. take captive ; be- come a prisoner ; addict one's self entirely. y\ asr, strap, rope; sinew; s^^-W , lit. (the camel) with its rope, i.e. all, the whole of ; — usr, detention ; ^)ii\ /-^ uar al-hM, dysury ; — usur, straps, &c., pi. of j^\ isdr ; — asarr, hollow ; excellent ; familiar friend ; f. sarrd', joy, prosperous condition ; — » usra-t, pi. usar, strong coat of mail ; fortress ; relationship ; kin ; — asirra-t, pi. of y sirr, eurr, line in the palm of the hand ; surr, umbilical cord ; j^;-» sirdr, line in the palm of the hand or on the forehead ; fiy sarw, throne, sofa, &c. \j^\ usard', captives, pi. of />-\ asir ; — ierd', travelling by night, &c., IV. of (^5^). yy\ asrdr, secrets, &c., pi. of j- sirr ; — isrdr, keeping secret, &c., IV.0f(j-.). ^\y^\ isrd', haste, acceleration. \ asra, nobler, more generous ; pi. of j«-\ asir, captive. V>/-^ asriyd', liberal men ; — 4»j->\ asriya-t, canals for irrigation, pi. of ^£j^ sariyy, q.v. u~-^ asas, foundation ; — usus, pi. of (j-L.^ asds, id. ^\ asatt, long-footed. jUa-^ astdr, lines, &c., pi. of jU. satr, satar ; — istdr, istdra-t, story, fable, see jy=-\ astur. J-k.^ istabl=iy^\ istabl, stable, q.v. lt\^\ ustubba-t, oakum. ^\ astur, Unes, &c. pi. of ^ satr, satar. k_>3jli-.^ astarldb, usturlab, astrolabe. gS=-^ asta\ i. sat'd', long-necked. j_r«5L.\ istuqis, pi. -at, element (a-Toixelov). i^\ ustumm, waving of the sea ; place where bees are swarming, middle ; nobler ; right, just. Uk.\ ustwmmd', ii*!a-\ ustumma-t, pi. asdtim, middle, core, kernel ; the best ; assembly. (^\jt=J\ ustuwdn,h.igh; long-necked; — S ustuwdna-t, pi. asdtin, column, pillar; cylinder; penis of an animal ; &>j!=-S\ J«>\ ahlu- 'l-ustuwdna-t, Stoics ; — (S ustu- wdniyy, cylindrical. .ya«.\ ustur, s ustura-t, also istdr, istdra-t, pi. asdtir, story, tale, fable, romance. 6 iJ\ 42 J-^ Jjk«.\ uatul (oToXos), pi. asdttl, fleet. >)W^\ is'dd, making happy or prosperous. j\*J\ as'dr, prices, &c., pi. of j*- si'r. 6i,\»J\ is'dta-t, imbibing by the nose, inhaling ; causing to do so. >_*\*..\ is'df, help, assistance. •»»-^ as'ad, more fortunate, hap- pier, comp. of •*«*- sa'id ; scab ; mange. f^\ as'ar, lean, thin, meagre. (^Um\ asgdn, bad food, bad victuals. (<_ft-.\) asif. A, INF. asaf, be very sad, be angry ; ■ — iv. render sad, irritate ; — v. grieve ; sigh. <-4-\ asaf, grief, sorrow ; — dsif, asif, sorrowful, angry ; f. asifa-t, bad soil. ^\ usafd', pi. of asif, sad, &c. j\i^\ asfdr, travellers, pi. of y^ sdfir ; journeys, pi. of ^ safar ; books, pi. of jir- sifr ; — isfdr, splendour ; twilight ; dawn of the morning. g\j4-.\ asfardj, asparagus. ^\ asfa', reddish black ; al- asfa', buffalo ; hawk ; f . saf'd', pi. g«- suf, a kind of ring-dove ; tripod. Ji-^ asfal, f. sufla, pi. asdfil, low, lower, inferior; al- asdfil, rabble ; asfal as-sdfilin, the damned ; f. sufla, diabolic magic. (j)A-\ asfan, (m.) wedge. gUi-.\ isfandj, spinage. gji-^ isfwnj (o-TToyyos), sponge ; a kind of pastry ; — ij isfunjiyy, spongy. SjaW isfant, aromatic wine. (jjVgi-,^ Isfahan, Ispahan. ^J>J\ asfa, f. eafwd', safyd, good ambler; stupid; having a few hairs falling over the forehead. e\ji*i-.\ isfiddj, white lead, ceruse (used as paint by women). l>\sL.\ isqdt, causing to fall; mis- carriage ; subtraction ; discount. ^^\ asqah, bald. <-iS~.\ asqaf, asquf, f. saqfa, long and crooked ; long-necked (os- trich) ; bony ; hairless ; — iisquf, pi. asdqif, asaqifa-t, bishop («r«rKoiros) ; — h usqufiyya-t, dignity of a bishop; bishopric. j^aAa-\ isqanqur, Egyptian lizard. li^\ asqiya-t, leathern vessels, pi. of ^ siqd' ; waters, pi. of ,_sS- siqy ; abundantly raining clouds, pi. of ^^m saqiyy. ^\^\ isMb, shoe-maker ; — i iskd- ha-t, stopper, cork. «i>lC\ ashdt, remainders ; rabble ; moderately warm days after heat ; — isMt, bidding silence, silence. i_iU-\ isMf, < J ii^J\ askaf, pi. asaki- fa-t, shoe-maker, cobbler; black- smith ; carpenter ; artisan. yK-.^ iskdn, causing to stay ; con- tinuing to dwell. S.SJ\ uslnMa-t, ii£~'\ usJcuffa-t, lintel. SiS^\ iskala-t, pi. asdkil, (m.) stairs; ladder; harbour; scale of taxes, &c. aU-<...\ iskamla-t, (m.) stool, chair. {j^\ askan, more quiet, more secure. >-i^\ uskub, flowing ; poured out ; shed ; full stream ; — S tishuha-t, stopper, cork. vJji-.^ MsA;it/=<-iV^\ askdf, shoe- maker, &c. ^»-X-^ isktm, hood, capouche, cowl. (J-^) asul, asil, inf. asal, asdla-t, be oval ; — ir. inf. ta'sil, come up to the finger-tops ; sharpen ; — V. INF. ta'assul, resemble. J-\ asal, rush ; a tree with long thorns, thorn; top of a lance, lance ; — S asala-t, finger-top ; funny-bone ; tip of the tongue ; penis. ^S-.\ asldf, ancestors, pi. of i-M-. salaf ; brothers-in-law (sister's husbands), pi. of <-fll-. silf; — isldf, paying in advance. J-^ 43 -.\ fX^] islam, submission to the will of God; humbling one's self; Islamism. ">i-^ aslat, f . saltd', having the nose cut off ; f . a woman who has not painted her finger-tops. ^«^\ aslika-t, arms, weapons, pi. of x^ sildh. lal—^ aslat, more eloquent ; pert. (X'\ aslam, i. sulma, more secure, safer ; in better condition ; more regular. >t»^-^ usluh, pi. asdlib, way ; course ; manner, style, method ; length. &»^\ uslufa-t, affinity by marriage of sisters and brothers. fk^\ ism, pi. asmd', asdm-in, asd- miyy, asmdwdt, name, noun. JU-.\ asmdl, pi. rags. j4^\ asmar, f. samrd', pi. sumr, brown, tawny, deep yellow ; al-asmar, lance ; al-asmardn, wheat and water, the lance and water; as-samrd, wheat; cake. (;)*-\ asman, fatter ; plump ; lusty. -\ asma, more honourable ; — ismiyy, referring to a name, to a noun ; — s asmiya-t, heavens, pi. of U— samd'. ((^\) asan, v, i, asin, a, inp. asan, usiin, change colour and taste ; — V. INF. ta'assun, remember things past ; tarry, delay ; take after one's father ; change colour and taste. 0~>^ usun, pi. dsdn, character ; — dsin, corrupted (water). y-\ asann, with more or stronger teeth ; older ; — asunn, teeth, pi. of (^ sinn ; — s asinna-t, id. ; arrow-heads, pi. of i;)^^ sanan. jIu.\ asndd, props, supports, pi. of •x~* sanad ; — isndd, isndda-t, pi. asdnid, quotation ; referring to an authority ; relation between subject and predicate; imputing; ascending ; causing to ascend. LU-\ asndt, pi. of I»U_ sandt, beard- less. 0U>.\ asndn, teeth, &c., pi. of (^ sinn. S^\ asna', great, greater; more beautiful. i*^ asnima-t, humps of camels, pi. of j»U«. gandm. (j>-'^ asna, higher, highest; sub- lime. W-^ ashd', pi. colours. v>W^ ishdh, prolixity ; garrulity. JVg-.^ ishdl, facilitating; loosening; purging. (•V*^ ashdm, arrows, pi. of (•a- sahm,. O^-^ ashdn, pi. soft sand. «*»>•) ashad, more vigilant, wider awake. (^\) asd, V, INF. asw, ^^^ asan, nurse, cure ; make peace ; — II. exhort to patience ; con- sole, and V. be consoled; — in. assist out of one's fortune, not out of one's superfluities ; — III. console, and vi. console each other ; — iv. and viii. afford consolation by anything. \)^\ aswa', f. sau'd', bad ; abomi- nable ; worse ; — aswd', evils, pi. of f sau' ; pi. of \f~' sawd', equal, &c. j\^^ iswdr, uswdr, pi. asdwir, asd- mra-t (Pers. j^^ sawdr), horse- man ; — uswdr, bracelet ; walls, pi. oi jy sur. ^5^^\ aswdq, markets, &c., pi. of jj- »■%. y\j-«\ aswdn, sad, sorrowful. -iyA aswad, f . saudd', pi. sud, black ; blacker, very black ; (•>)-'\) ^^r* s-la5\ saudd' (aswad) al-qalh, the innermost heart ; f . saudd', gall ; melancholy ; original sin ; al- aswaddn, dates and water ; — f . » pi. asdwid, black snake ; •>j^^ j\jJ\ asdwid ad-ddr, household furniture or utensils ; — pi. Sudan, negro ; — usawwid (dim.), blackish ; — usud, Uons, pi. of Ju.\ asad ; — ^ aswida-t, dark objects in the distance, &c., pi. of «J\^ sawdd. ^j\'ij-»\ aswaddni-y, blackish. ^^•iyA aswadiyy, black. ^**A 44 u:^^ ijf\ aswira-t, bracelets, rings, pi. of j^j-> siwdr, suwdr. <-iy-\ asuf, sad ; touchy. v3^^ as'tiq, legs, pi. of jV-. sdq; — aswaq, f. sauqd', long-legged, long-shank. ^yA aswiyd', pi. of ^^j- sawiyy, equal, &c. (j_j->\) asa, INF. asy, reserve ; — ast, A, INF. ^5-\ asaw, be sad, sorrow- ful. fj->\ dsi, f . 6 , sad ; — dd, qA ds-in, physician ; — ^^\ asan, sadness ; art of the physician ; — usan, patience ; — usiyy, remaining ; traces of old dwellings ; small pieces of furniture or utensils ; — S dsiya-t, woman who circum- cises girls, undertakes cures; support ; pillar ; firm building. «-iW-^ asydf, swords, pi. of >-a«~' saif ; banks, shores, pi. of •-Ai- stf; — pi. crowds of people. Q\fA asydn, pi. -un, asydndt, asdyd, sad, sorrowful. •i*-\ usayyid, dim. of •J^\ aswad, blackish. jfA asir, pi. asra, usdra, usard', bound ; captive ; slave. y~*~>\ asis, foundation. i-4*«^ asif, sad ; touchy, susceptible ; barren, sterile ; old man ; slave ; client; mercenary. J«-^ asil, having an oval cheek or face ; smooth ; — also i asila-t, flux of water. It^ asma-t, pi. asdyin, character. j5>\ a^, es, from ij-i) es, for ^_^ ^5\ ayyu iay-in, how ? what ? — aii, dry bread. {JA) aii, I, INF. ass, rise and bestir one's self ; = {J-e> JiasS, beat down leaves. ^^VjUi^ aMMniyy, crimson. li\it\ uMha-t, pi. asdyib, rabble ; ill- acquired wealth. gi5.U\ asdji', pi. of gif!*'^ a.ya', brave, &c. t;\A.\ i,v(/^, vMh, leathern belt. iS^\ Isdda-t, raising one's voice; announcement ; building. »jW i^d/ra-t, pointing to; sign, signal ; advice ; command ; al- lusion. J5.W a^ds, » add^a-t, merriment. li\t»\ isd'a-t, making public, di- vulging. ^J\jk\ asdfi, awls, pi. of ^5^^ asfan. ^W as' am, ill-omened ; pi. asd'im, the unfortunate ; f . su'ma, the left hand. «»1jW aSdwdt, things, &c., pi. of ^^ iai', Se. i^\ asdwiz, form, figure. S^U.\ aMwa-t, (j)^^ aMwi, WW addyd, things, &c., pi. of jj*" dai'. (s-^^) asal, I, u, INF. adb, blame ; — I, mix, entwine ; — asib, a, INF. asab, be thickly grown (tree) ; — ii. entwine ; set people one against another ; — v. viii. be thickly grown ; be mixed up, mingled. '--J>>\ adab, complication ; discord ; — a£b, complicated ; thickly grown ; »t~*>^ j*^ yawm asib, day of battle ; — » udba-t, wolf. jUa^ aSbdh, indistinct objects in a distance, &c., pi. of j^ sabh. jUa\ asbdr, spans, pi. of j^ sibr. gl satt, dis- persed, &c. i£)\.jji4>\ istibdh, being entwined, complicated ; confusion, mix- ture. 4Va\ 45 j\asa\ Utiddd, violence; strengtli; making compact, tight. \r'M istird', buying. yf^\ iUirdr, chewing the cud. gUA\ iitvrd\ legislation. isJ^jjiAi^ Utirdh, companionship ; re- ception into a society. jUyiM usturgdz, thistle. JUa4i^ i^ti'dl, inflammation ; con- flagration ; grey-headedness. JUxAil iMigdl, occupation. \ixA>\ istifd', recovery. j3\5x4.\ iMiqdq, derivation of a word from another word or a root. \^^ iitikd', complaint, lamenta- tion; reproach. jlXsA^ iMildq, (m.) surmise, sup- position. JU:;Ai^ iUimdl, containing, com- prising. W**"^ istihd', appetite ; desire. 2i>VeA«i\ iitihdSi-t, testimony. ^<^sj>,\ istihdr, being known, re- nowned, fame ; publication ; divulging. ^\.t^\ istiydq, longing for, yearning, desire. '^^«'\ istiya-t, winters, pi. of lJi»> ^itd'. ^\ amjj, with a broken skull; with a scar on the forehead. jl^\ asjdr, trees, pi. of ;^ sajar. yfA\ aSjar, f. iajrd', abundant ; f. (s.) plant with a stalk, tree. 2^\ a^ja', f. sajd', pi. suju', ^ijd', ^ajdyi', brave, courageous ; lion ; swift, quick ; very long ; time ; a poisonous snake. ^^^\ asja, more sorrowful. (jA\) a£h, A, INF. a^ah, be angry. Wa\ aHhhd', &*a\ asihha-t, pi. of p>a> ^ahih, miserly, avaricious, &c. yoWA^ aShds, persons, &c., pi. of yOsiA iahs. ,»j6A\ aSham, getting grey (hair) ; without vegetation. M,\ asadd, more violent, stronger harder, used to form compara- tives ; — aiudd, u6udd, strength ; vigour of life. \'^\ a£ddd', pi. of ■Afit- Sadid, strong, &c. j\a4.^ aiddq, comers of the mouth, Ac, pi. of v3.Mi Mq, Sadq. t^ asdah, vast, spacious. ^^\ aSdaf, f. ^adfd', left-handed; maimed of hand or arm ; lean- ing to one side ; strongly bent (bow). jA4i\ a^daq, f. sadqd, pi. ^udq, with large corners of the mouth ; glib, fluent, eloquent. (^^) adar, u, inf. a/r, saw ; — i, INF. a^r, file old teeth so as to become sharp ; — a£r, a, inf. adar, be merry, jolly; shine (lightning) ; — ii. file the teeth ; — IV. saw ; — VIII., X. have one's teeth filed. /^^ a^r, asar, boisterous merri- ment ; wantonness ; — asar, uiur, pi. uiur, sharpness and polish of the teeth ; — asir, a^ur, pi. -im and uSur, jolly, boisterously merry ; — isr, u^- ra-t, pi. wsar, a toothed blade (saw) ; — as'arr, f . surra, worse, more or most wicked (comp. of jtj^ Sarir) ; — 6 aiira-t, woman with filed teeth. \^\ adirrd', pi. of f.^ iarir, bad, wicked ; — pi. of ^5jA\ airan, region ; district. s^V*^ i^rdh, admixture of a dif- ferent colour ; impregnating ; watering. j\jA^ ahdr, pi. of /■ sarr and jj/» Sarir, wicked, &c. ; — S idrdra-t, large herd of camels. g\;*i\ asrd', sails, &c., pi. of ^^ Sard' ; divine laws, pi. of icjA £r'a-t. wJ^/>\ aSrdf, pi. of <-iti^ iarif, noble, &c. ; projecting parts of the body (ear, nose). y}\j4i\ iirdq, rising of the sun ; shining, flashing, resplendent. ta)^jA\ asrak, companionships, &c., pi. of "JsJ/" Sirh ; companions, &c. pi. of •sli/' sarik; — isrdk, giving companions to God. jA\ 46 fA\ (:}^j^\ ahdn, pi. aMri, brisk, sprightly. ^jjA^ as'riba-t, drinks, &c., pi. of s^V" ^ardb. u»)^\ a^ras, bad, evil ; quarrelsome ; lion ; hard, dif6cult ; f . sarsd, hard ground ; bright cloud. ^*«\ a^rat, very contemptible, vile. Sj^\ as'ra', prolonged, lengthened; more excellent. <-*jA^ a^raf, i. sarfd', pi. iwr/, high, sublime ; nobler, of nobler origin ; prolonged ; with battle- ments ; bat ; t'. long ear ; — ^S asrafiyy, a gold coin. <^ji'\ ahuh, straps, bootlaces, pi. of cj!\jj6. sirdh. (•yi'\ aSram, with a maimed nose ; (m.) blunt ; (^Vi-.S\ f,^\ asram al-asndn, gap-toothed. i5jA\ aha, more impetuous ; — « asriya-t, pi. of 0;*> sir-an, bar- gain. jj4'\ aszar, f . sazrd', red, reddish ; looking askance. ^\«A.\ as'dr, hair, pi. of f^ ^a'r, ^a'ar ; poems, &c., pi. of j*^ si'r. gU&\ i^'d', shining, resplendent. JV*A.\ is'dl, setting on fire, kindling. '—•xA^ as'ab, broad in the shoulders ; having the horns distant from one another. ii-jt^\ as'as, f. sa'sd', pi. su's, di- shevelled ; dispersed ; pole. j«*.^ as'ar, f . ia'ra', pi. ^u'r, hairy, woolly ; well overgrown ; more intelligent, judicious ; more po- etical ; f . ugly ; bad ; fur ; crowd ; — 6 ai'ira-t, pi. of jV«a. H'dr, underclothing, &c. (;)*4i\ aS'an, dishevelled. i*6.\ asi"a-t, rays, &c., pi. of g*- Su" and g^^A su'd'. JUa\ asgdl, affairs, &c., pi. of J*a Mgl. ayts.\ usgula-t, work, occupation. ^^&\ o.vjra, f. ^agwd', sagyd', pi. iwjfw, unequal, splay (teeth), crooked ; £. eagle. jUk\ a^fdr, edges, &c., pi. of /*■ /w/r, ia/r. jU.\ a^tttjT, twilights, &c., pi. of (3a& safaq ; — i^/og', being on one's guard ; fearing and shun- ning ; having compassion with. iiA\ aJfah, with a large mouth, large lips. ^J>i>\ atfa, more salutary, more efficacious ; — isf-an, pi. aSdjiyy, aidfi, awl ; punch ; — 6 asfiya-t, pi. of ^ •^i/a', medicine. (JA-^ a^aqq, f. iagrga, pi. /m??, ba- lancing in walking ; long-footed ; long ; — ussaq, ammoniac (Pers.). jS*>^ as'qar, f . s'aqrd', of a bright red ; f. fire. ^\jtt4.\ asqardniyy, (m.) reddish. Ww-^ a^qiyd', pi. of ^^ ^aqiyy, miserable, wretched. V^^ ishd', complaining, lamenting. JVi^\ askdl, shapes, figures, &c., pi. of Ji^ i'aA;?. )i4i\ ushuzz, saddle-strap ; a sea animal. J^\ aShal, f. iaMd', pi. x'«AZ, of mixed colour ; more alike, more similar; more doubtful, obscurer, more difficult ; more handsome ; mountain lotus ; f . want, need ; — S askala-t, difficulty; want, need ; prettiness ; similarity, resemblance ; manner ; moun- tain lotus. Ja-^ aMl, f . ^alld, with a maimed hand ; blind ; — S axilla-t, clothes worn under coats of mail, Ac, pi. of JsIa salil. ^^ asld', limbs, &c., pi. of ^ ((»&\) aiim, A, INF. asam, cause pain. ftM asamm, f. sammd', pi. summ, with a straight nose ; proud, haughty ; f . highest mountain ridge ; wind from above. ui>Ua\ ihndi, rejoicing at another's misfortune. Ua\ a.hnat, f. samtd' , pi. sumt, iutntdn, turning grey. (>»a\ asmaq, bloody foam. ^\ 47 U\ J*A< aSmul, pi. of JUa Carnal, left hand or side. j\^£*A\ ismi'zdz, shudder ; cramp ; disgust. (t)^^) ; — II- INF. ta'Sin, wash one's hands with yUA\ isndn, umdn, alkali ; — i usna-t, moss of trees. ^rr^jM amah, f. ^ambd', with fine, fresh teeth ; f. pomegranate without grains. gi*"^ as'na', f. san'd', horrid, hide- ous ; disastrous ; more or most vile, shocking, comp. of g*** sani'. S^\ ashdd, witnesses, pi. of •>J>>^ sahid ; — ishdd, taking to wit- ness ; attesting ; bringing proof. ' . ■■a*»\ ashah, f. sahbd, white and black, grey ; glittering ; barren ; misfortune ; al-ashab, lion ; pig ; — ashub, brilliant stars, &c., pi. of sJ^9*» sihdh. j^\ ashar, more renowned ; al- a^hardn, drum and flag ; — ashur, months, pi. of j3A> salv. (_59A\ asha, more or most desirable ; more or most desirous. i5\^\ aswdq, desires, &c., pi. of i5^ sauq. jjA\ aswaz, haughty. y"^\ aswas, pi. sus, ij'^ aswas, f . Sausd', blinking, squinting. g^\ aswa', f. saw'd', pi. su,', rough, rugged, shaggy. i5j&\ aswaq, pi. suq, desirous. i£!^\ aSwak, f. saukd', hard, stiff. !S^^ aswah, f. ^auM', ugly, and, by opposition, handsome ; proud ; with the evil eye ; long and swift (horse), fiery. (^4.^) a/o, I, INF. aSy, invent (lies) ; — asi, A, INF. as-an, want, be in need of ( J^ ala) ; — iv. cure (a broken bone). ^\ as'iyy, white spot on the fore- head (of a horse). V^^ aSyd', V5L4.\ asydyd, uiA^V^\ asydwdt, things, pi. of ^_^ 4ay'. gL4i\ aSyd', amounts, &c., pi. of C**- Sai', ^i'; — troops of fol- lowers, &c., pi. of Sjujt, £'a-t. (»Vs&\ asydm, f. saimd', pi. Mm, with a mole ; with a black spot ; black. s-»«a\ asyah, f. s'aibd', pi. sib, s'uyuh, white-haired, white; as-itb, the days of hoar-frost; W**" ^ lailat ^aibd, last night of the lunar month. i-i^\ asyah, injuring by the evil eye. (w^) «??) i> u') INF. ass, break into pieces ; press flat and smooth ; be strong, have firm flesh ; yield much milk ; throng ; — i, shine, flash ; — ii. strengthen, make firm ; — v., viii. gather, assemble (n.). ^/>\ iss, ass, uss, pi. asus, root, foundation. ^\ asd, see (y°^), ((j«^). g}^\ asdhi', jtrt^^ asdbi', fingers, pi. of ^yA asba', &c. ^U\ isdba-t, a hitting shot ; right aiming; sound judgment ; recti- tude. <-7-«=-^\ asdhib, companions, &c., pi. of s-«=-^ sahib. jU\ isdd, low ground with stagnat- ing water between mountains. j.iW asddiq, true friends, pi. of ijj.io sadiq. ;W dsdr, compacts, Ac, pi. of yo\ isr, usr ; — isdr, pi. usur, dsira-t, tent-rope ; tent-peg. Aj^\ asdrim, ^j^^ asdrim, crowds, &c., pi. of ftj^ sirm. ^_pW asds, foundations, &c., pi. of ijo\ iss. '.:-J»ta\ asdtih, J!=^^ asdtil, stables, pi. of J*!"^ istabl. }i^\ asdgir, S asdgira-t, pi. of j*«\ asgar, smaller, &c. JUli dsdl, evenings, pi. of J«-\ asil ; — i isdla-t, firmness ; what is original ; high lineage ; real tenure of an office (not as a substitute). Ui\A asdlif, pi. of h-^\ aslaf, hard and barren. w 48 M i3^^y asdliq, plain fields, pi. of cjl- salaq. \ asil, i asila-t. ^i— ^ asb-in, ^Jt^\ asbi, youths, pi. of fji^ sahiyy. W-\ ashd', east ' winds, pi. of W- sab-an. cW-t asbdh, mornings, pi. of £<-> subh ; — isbdh, dawning ; dawn. pA asbar, more patient (J^ 'ala). 5«-=\ asba', asbi', asbu' ; isba', isbi', isbu' ; usba', ushi', usbu', pi. asdbi', asdbi', finger; digit; benefit. ^\ asbag, f. sabgd, with a white top of the ear, the tail, &c. ; wetted and soiled; violent tor- rent. *»-j><-^ asbuha-t, dawn of the morn- ing, early morning. £)^\ usbu', pi. asdbi', asdbi', finger ; digit. ^irf^^ asbiya-t, youths, pi. of ^j~o sabiyy. (u>^\) asat, I, INF. ast, be without vegetation. C«\ asahh, truer ; more genuine, &c., pi. of er^^' sahih ; — S asihha-t, pi. of cW* sahdh, whole, com- plete. Vto"\ asihhd', pi. of jT»!« saMhjimQ, &c. s->W=\ ashdb, companions, &c., pi. of s-^^ sdhib ; — ishdb, foUow- iiig._ cW-\ ishdh, pi. -dt, chapter (m.) ; — making sound, &c., iv. of po sahh. jib"^ ashar, f. sahrd', white mingled with red ; yellow ; al-ashar, lion ; f. sahrd, pi. sahdra, sahdri, sahrdwdt, suhar, desert, wilder- ness. Jte«»\ ashal, hoarse, with a rough voice. (Jko\) asad; — ii. cloth with the l'^\ usda-t, q.v. ; — iv. lock. Ao^ asadd, pi. sudad, turned enemy ; — i isda-t, pi. isad, place of as- sembly ; — usda-t, short chemise for a girl. j\^^\ isddr, issuing (an order, &c.) ; leading back from the watering place. ^■^\ asddg, temples and ^ hair thereon, pi. of ^ao sudg. «J^^t asddf, shells, shell-fish, &c., pi. of (JJio sadaf. t-^^ asdah, screamer, brawler ; lion. )'^\ asdar, with a broad, strong chest. t'^^ asdag, du. asdagdn, the arteries of the temples. ^aA asdaq, truer, &c., comp. of (3>Ac sadiq. ^•^^ asdiqd', tme friends, pi. of iji-^ sadiq. (♦•^^ asdam, bald. (/o^) asar, i, inp. asr, tie up with the rope jU>\ isdr ; shut up and retain ; break into pieces ; make one well disposed to another ; — III. be a neighbour; — vi. be each other's neighbour ; — viii. be abundant and grow high (plants) ; be thickly overgrown ; be numerous. y\ isr, usr, pi. dsdr, isrdn, com- pact ; league ; obligation by oath ; piercing the ear ; burden ; sin; — usur, ropes, pi. of jU,\ isdr ; — asarr, f . sarrd', hard ; — 4 dsira-t, pi. aivdsir, womb; consanguinity ; favour ; claim ; ropes, pi. of J^\ isdr ;—asirra-t, pi. of j^^ sirdr, q.v. ;V°^ isrdr, perseverance, &c., iv. of •V\ asrad, colder; sharper (eve- sight). ^ -^ f}'\ asram, poor with a large family; al-asmardn, day and night ; wolf and raven ; f . sarmd\ waterless desert ; milkless camel ; cooking-vessel. fSr'\ isirra, asirri, firm resolution. jljlw\ istibdr, patience, toleration. Lo\ 49 c\ JiJ"^ istabl, pi. asd{ib, asdtil, asdbil, istabldt, stable. QaA usfubba-t, oakum. usi^Ss*.^ isturak, istraq, storax. «_>S^\ isfarldb, astrolabe. Ukc\ istifd', choice, selection. C^so^ istildh, i istildla-t, pi. -dt, re- conciliation ; emendation ; techni- cal meaning of a word, idiom ; — i5 istildhiyy, in a technical sense, j!Mm\ isfildq, clamour, noise. -A«\ asaf, Asaph, Solomon's vizier ; the grand vizier ; a pasha having rank of such. lA-=\ asfd', large rocks, pl. of ii^ safdt. yu>\ asfar, f. safrd', yellow, black ; al-asfardn, gold and saffron ; al-asfar, the Byzantines ; as- sufrd', gold ; gall ; bee ; — asfar, emjjtier; more whistling or singing. j\^\ isfirdr, yellowness ; pallor. ^Ju>\ asfa, f . safwd', purer, clearer ; f. rock. ^*io\ asfiyd, pl. of fjt^ fofiyy, pure, clear. ^\ asqal/,, f. saqhd', bald. Ae>\ asqar, containing more sugar. gtt«\ asqa', f. saq'd', with a white spot on the head ; f. the sun. (J-o\) asl, pl. usul, dsul, root, origin ; material ; JU5\ Jo\ asl al-mdl, capital, stock of trade ; al-usul, the elements, rudiments, principal parts ; asl-an, with negative, not at ail ; — asal, snake with a venomous breath ; — asil, uprooted ; rooted firmly ; — usul, evenings, pl. of J^^ asil; — 6 asala-t, root ; snake ; — also isla-t, totality ; — asla-t, the whole of a property. J-^ asal, INF. asl, touch or injure the root ; kill ; rush upon ; — asil, iNP. asal, get corrupted, foul (water, meat) ; — asul, inf. asdla-t, be firmly rooted, stand firm; be excellent; have a firm character, a noble origin ; — ii. INF. ta'sil, root firmly (a.) ; con- sider as firm of character and of noble origin ; — iv. inf. isdl, come in the evening ; — iv., v. INF. ta'assul, be firmly rooted ; — X. INF. isti'sdl, istisdl, root ; uproot ; extirpate, destroy. C^^ isldh, correction, emendation; rectitude. JW asldl, rains, &c. pl. of J-o sill, q.v.' t)l^\ usldn, evenings, pl. of Js-i^ asil. ^jsLo^ aslatiyy, energetic. gL<»\ aslaj, hard and smooth ; deaf. jJu>\ aslah, better, best. gS^\ aslah, deaf, f. salhd', mangy (camel). i^\ aslad, hard, miserly. ^\ asla', f. sal'd', pl. su'l, sul'dn, bald ; bare (ground) ; shining (weapon) ; f. misfortune, cala- mity. tJilo\ aslaf, pl. asdlif, saldfi, hard and barren ; more fruitless, to less purpose. J-=\ aslam, whose ears have been cut off, maimed ; al-aslam, flea. ,_5U\ asliyy, noble ; original ; radi- cal ; — » asliyya-t, root (of words). ii~Juo\ isUt, polished and sharp. *«\ asamm, i. sanimd\ pl. summ, summdn, deaf ; inexpressible ; massive, solid, not resounding; ^\ J«i fi'l asamm, verb whose 7 A 50 U\ second and third radicals are the same ; f. hard ground ; cala- mity. 'A**-''^ ismit, S ismita-t, silent and waste (desert). e^k-^ asmah, brave, bold. i^^**^ asmiha-t, ears (their cavi- ties), pi. of fcU« samuh, simclh. C*«=\ asma', f. sam'd', pi. sum', ascending ; vivacious ; bold ; in- solent, and, by opposition, dumb- founded; sword; small and delicate ; pi. sum'dn, the longest feather in the wing. tj*^\ usmuh, canal of the ear ; ear. {^\ usun, pi. ropes of a tent. ^\ asnd, equals, brothers of the same mother, &c., pi. of ji^ sinw, sunw. >_jU«\ asndf, forms, kinds, pi. of •-«•*-= sanf, sinf. |,Uo\ asndm, idols, statues, pi. of f^J^ sanam. (j\lo\ isndn, iv. of (y^), q.v. •-r^ ashah, f. sahhd, pi. suhh, red, bay (camel, horse) ; blond : <■,-«■» JU~i\ suhhu-'s-sibdl, with yellow moustaches, the Greeks; al-ashab, lion ; as-sahhd', white wine. (^\) asd, V, INF. asw, grow plenti- ful and close together. \fc\ asivd', hills, &c., pi. of Sy" sutowa-t. uu'ij^^ aswdt, voices, &c., pi. of uuj^ saut. g\^\ aswd', pi. of gU set', q.v. wi\j-\ aswdf, fleeces, &c., pi. of i-iy suf. jyt>\ aswar, inclined ; — » aswira-t, pi. of ^y> siwdr, &c., grain of musk ; perfume. ^yt>\ asiou', pi. of gUi sd', q.v. wij«\ aswaf, woolly. J^\ Usui, roots, &c., pi. of J«:\ asl; — 4_3 vsilUyy, original ; radical ; fundamental; erudite. (^fc\ aswan, who preserves better j — E aswina-t, cloth - presses, wardrobes, &c., pi. of ft)\^ f atoftji, &c. ^j-e\) asa, I, INF. asy, be very fat ; — II. pass, be difficult ; — S dsiya-t, syrup of dates ; relationship ; favour ; continual misfortune. Ju<,\ asyad, better for hunting ; bearing one's head high, proud ; king ; lion ; f. saidd', hard, rugged ground ; Sidon. J-o^ asil, pi. wsul, dsdl, asd'il, usldn, evening (between y^. 'asr, q.v., and sunset); — asil, firmly rooted ; firm of character and energetic ; hereditary ; noble ; death ; — S asila-t, pi. asd'il, even- ing ; death ; totality ; the whole of the property. JSk-.o\ usaildl, 0l^\ usaildn, short evening, dim. of Jt«-'\ asil. s-9s«^ usaihib, dim. of s->s-°^ ashah, stupid. {tj>\) add, INF. add, vex, torment, grieve ; force to take refuge with {^\ ila) ; break into pieces ; — I., III. run to its nest (os- trich) ; — VIII. seek ; beat ; be forced, obliged ; force, oblige. (yo\) idd, origin; root. U\ add', field of pebble ground ; — i addt, pi. adiin, adwdt, adydt, id a', pond, swamp; — idd'a-t, lighting up, illumination. ^U\ adabir, pi. of SjW^ dibdra-t, troop, company. ^je.U\ addhi, lambs for sacrifice, pi. of ^T»»^\ udhiyya-t. i£X<=.V-6\ addliik, jests, witty sayings, pi. of iijssf!'\ udhuka-t. ^'^\ iddd, refuge. iile\ i^dfa-t, addition ; junction ; reference; attribute. ^V^\ iddfiyy, additional ; relative ; dependent on. g3U\ a4dU', ribs, sides (as of a triangle), &c., pi. of gU ^il', dila'. JJU\ addlil, errors, pi. of ii^\ ndlula-t. Im\j>\ iddma-t, injury. *«»U\ a^dmim, leaves (stitched lt\ 51 together) ; troops (of people, &c.), pi. of i/»Ui\ idmdma-V <-iSU.\ add'if, guests," pi. of <-4»^ daif, s~i\ aduhb, pi. of s-* dabh, lizard. '■t>l!J>\ adbcis, pi. hands, paws. 6j^\ adbdra-t, idbdra-t, leaves stitched together, pamphlet. gW*^ idjd', inclining, reclining, lying down. ^^\ adjam, wry, awry (nose, mouth). SU!^\ adhdt, pi. jJs«a-i\ adha, lamb sacrificed at the hour ^^ayA duhan. iij^A udhuka-t, pi. addhih, jest, witty saying ; ridiculous thing, (jifc^^ adha, later ; — adhd, see s^-i\ adhdt above ; — S udhiyya-t, pi. addhiyy, lamb for a sacrifice ; — (ijUss-i^) Sss5i\ iJLJ laila-t idhiyya-t (idhiydna-t), serene night. (»^^\ adham, larger, bulkier; very large, bulky, comp. of ,*«i?A dahim. ^j^fi\ udhuma-t, artificial buttocks, hip-improvers. >i\xi>\ adddd, contraries, opposites, pi. of -^ didd, dudd. fi\ adurr, misfortunes, losses, &c., pi. of \j^ darrd' ; — adr-in, see (^yA adri. ^j^^ adirrd', pi. of /j^ darir, who has become blind, &c. «t'V^^ adrdb, pi. of s^j^ darb, con- temporary ; equal ; — idrdb, tak- ing back. j\yi\ adrdr, injuries, hurts, pi. of j^ darar. (^j&\ idrdm, setting on fire, con- flagration, (j-j^^ adras, dumb. fj^\ adra', submissive ; f. dar'd', with large udders. ^Sfi>\ adri (fi>\ adr-in), sporting dogs, pi. of )}^ dirw, ^s^ dar-an. ^.jA idrtj, red colour ; red silk ; yellow garment ; courser. yi>\ adazz, malicious, prone to anger. wj\^\ idtirdb, disquieting, dis- quietude ; violent emotion of any kind ; perplexity. J\^\ i^tirdr, necessity ; force, con- straint, violence ; extreme mi- sery ; despair ; — j^ idtirdriyy, forced to. («i^\ idtirdm, inflammation, con- flagration. is)Uk4\ idtindh, misfortune, cala- mity. •i'^'^\ idtihdd, bad treatment, per- secution, oppression. y-i^^^A ad'df, double quantities, &c., pi. of Uuu di\f, q.v. •-«*^^ ad'af, weaker, weakest ; most humble, comp. of <-is*i daHf. J^\ adkal, poor and naked. J^\ adall, more erring, more wan- dering out of one's way. g!^\ adld', ribs, &c., pi. of ^ diV, dila'. J^i\ adldl, pi. of Ji dill, abject, reprobate, worthless. 2^^ adla\ pi. ^ duV, big and strong ; with large teeth ; — adlu% ribs, pi. of ^ diV, dila'. &i^\ udlula-t, pi. J-3U.\ addlil, err- ing, error. (^^) adim, a, inf. adam,he angry; practice malice against (s* bi) ; bite and kick. 1*^ adam, pi. adamdt, anger, envy. jU-6\ idmdr, thought, idea ; plotting ; concealing in one's mind ; what is left understood ; rendering the second letter of a foot quiescent, when it has a vowel. ^U^\ idmdma-t, pi. addmim, leaves stitched together, copy-book, pamphlet ; troop (of people, horses, &c.). Jl\a^«-i\ idmihldl, disappearing, di- spersion ; fainting fit, swoon. (;y*^\ adman, who is a better security. ^\ adM', ponds, pi. of i^ dahwa-t. \ji>\ adwd', lights, pi. of j^ dau', du'. uiAyA adwdt, ponds, pi. of l^\ addt. ti^\ adwat, stupid. ^\ 52 ^^ t)^^ aMn, uul-4^ adydt, ponds, pi. of SU\ arfai. <-*W^\ arfya/, guests, pi. of ol*.* (J«^^ adyaq, f. rfig^a', rfwga, nar- rower; more pressed, thronged; more severe. (t\) att, I, INF. a?*?, crack, creak ; scream, roar; feel compassion _)U=\ altar, maker of hoops ; — • itdr, pi. utur, inclosure ; circum- ference ; outline ; belt, strap ; hoop. tU=\ attdt, screamer ; — S itdta-t, crack, creaking noise ; sound ; hunger. &c\L\ itd'a-t, obedience ; submission ; resignation. ^'^\ itdqa-t, power; ability; ca- pacity ; power of endurance ; reach. J^\ dtdl, sides, hypoehondres, pi. of Ji=\ itl, itil ; — i itdla-t, pro- longing, extending ; delay. f^^^ dtdm, castles, &c., pi. of fi=\ utm, utum ; — itdm, constipation ; dysury. ^<«Vt\ atdmim, pi. feet. JjW atdwil,-pl. of J»!=\ a^waZ, taller, Ac. "•j-SiW atdyib, pi. of --r^X atydb, better. W^^ athd', udders, pi. of ^J^ tiby ; ■ — ■ atibbd', physicians, pi. of s-W= tdbih. gW ath'V, rivers, canals, &c., pi. of ^ tih\ ^^ afbah, very stupid. ^\ atba', very dirty. &ii«t\ athiqa-t, lids, &c., pi. of (jj» tabaq. ^t.^ atibha-t, physicians, pi. of '-rW= tabih. J&M athal, f. tahld', turbid, muddy ; blackish grey, blackish green. ■it\ afad, blackthorn, sloe ; — ii. (tllod, INF. ta'tld, strengthen. (^\) a/df, I, u, INF. atr, enclose; protect against (^J^ 'ala) ■ — I., II. bend ; fold ; — ii. live for a time with the parents ; — V. being bent ; be detained ; stay always indoors ; — v., vii. be crooked. ^\ utur, enclosures, &c., pi. of ;^^ itdr. \J=>\ itrd', excessive praise, pane- gyric ; seasoning. ^p^ atrdb, fragrant nosegay. •>\J=\ itrdd, expelling, banishing ; — ittirdd, following closely one another ; being well connected, in good order. ^Pi atrdr, edges, boundaries, &c., pi. of ijt turra-t. '-i\}=\ atrdf, sides, &c., pi. of <-«/= taraf; — ittirdf, acquiring ur purchasing new and beautiful things. \J')=\ atras, f. tarsiV , pi. turs, deaf. y=\ atrat, f . iartti', with scanty or no eye-brows. j^ atraq, with crooked or weak legs ; peaceable, submissive ; — atruq, I atriqa-t, and ^;t\ atriqd', roads, pi. of ,Jip tariq. (j^jJA utruwdn, freshness ; honey- moon ; bloom of youth. W'x^^ iitrus, deaf. lijpt utrufa-t, new merchandise ; curiosity, novelty. l*~^\ utsumma-t, the best of a tribe ; assembly. f,\^\ it'dm, feeding. ^♦*M at'ima-f, u^U^U aVamdt, victuals, &c. pi. of |»^ ta'dm. V«t\ itgd', seducing, leading into error. ^\ itfd', extinguishing. JUL\ atfdl, infants, children, pi. of Jit tlfl. JiM atfal, more childish; more importunate. Jt>\ itl, itil, pi. dtdl, side of the body, hypochondre ; — utl, some- thing, anything. 1W=\ atld', children, young ones, &c., pi. of !M= tal-an, tald, and jlL talir. J!-^ 68 ^^ g!W=\ it^ild', study ; strict examina- tion ; sight, insight. ^jW i^Zttj, general meaning ; gene- ralisation. J!U»^ atldl, objects, persons, Ac., pi. of Jit talal. ^^ atlah, f. talhd, 'sia'pidi. ij^\ atlas, smooth ; satin ; worn out, shabby ; dirty, black ; sus- picious ; dog, wolf; thief. !=11=\ atlat, unhappy ,^unfortunate. ,jU=\ atla, f. talyd', smeared with tar ; mangy f (camel) ; mange, itch ; tumour. (^\) atam, i, inf. atm, bite into (v» hi) ; throw ; narrow the mouth of a well ; hang a house or tent with curtains, &c. ; — • atim, A, INF. atam, be angry ; be added, joined ; suffer from constipation ; — ii. inp. ta'tim, cover ; — IV. inf. i'tdm, lock ; — V. INF. ta'atttivi, be in violent anger ; be agitated with waves ; be very dark ; snore ; conceal one's thoughts. ^\ utm, utum, pi. dtdm, utnrn, castle, small fortress, stone building with a flat roof. £UU\ atmd', pi. of ^ tarn', wages, Ac. ; pi. of ^^ tdmi', greedy, &c. ; itmd', exciting to cu- pidity. ^*!=>\ atma', greedier, &c., comp. of 5*^ tdmi'. yU2*t\ itmi'ndn, quietude, secu- rity. y^\A>\ atndh, ropes of a tent, &c., pi. of -j-^ tunub; — itndb, pro- lixity ; sublimeness of style ; — » itndha-t, roof to protect against the sun ; sun-shade ; umbrella ; tent. (^\jL\ atndn, human bodies, &c., pi. of (^ tunn, q.v. jm=.\ athdr, pi. of ]^ tahir, ^'^ tdhir, pure, &c. j\)^\ atwdr, pi. of jjt taur, measures, manners, &c., q.v. j\^\ atwdq, jnice of the cocoa-nut; — pi. of jj\= tauq, necklace, &c. q.v. jjt\ atwar, end, extremity; al- apwaidn, the extremes, extremi- ties ; calamity. J^"^ atwal, pi. atdwil, f. {ula, pi. tuwal, longer, taller. I«jt\ atum, sea-tortoise ; sea-urchin ; — utum, castles, &c., pi. of ^\ utm, utum,. v^si=^ ■ atydb, perfumes, &c., pi. of s-ist tib. "x-^«t\ atyab, f. tuba, better, more pleasant, pi. al-atdyib, the best of any thing ; f . pleasantness, happiness ; a tree of Paradise. ;«t\ atir, sin ; guilt ; gossiping talk. M>\ atit, cracking, creaking ; cry of the camel ; murmuring of empty bowels. JU9t\ utaifdl, pi. little children, ^♦eti^ atlma-t, hearth, fire-place, chimney. j^\ azdr, nurses, &c., pi. of j£fe zi'r ; — azzdr, nurse. ^»\t\ azdfir, cloves, pi. of j^^\ azfdr ; — nails, claws, &c., pi. of j)ii^\ azfur. i^'^\ azdnin, opinions, &c., pi. of (^ zann. v-t\ azb-in, ^^M azbi, gazelles, &c., pi. of i_y!^ zaby. >~>\y^\ azrdb, the anterior molar teeth ; roots of the teeth. •^^\ azraf, more elegant, &c., comp. of i-Ja^ zarif. yUfe\ az'dn, litters, sedan-chairs, pi. of i~!*t za'ina-t. ^Ut^ azfdr, i azfdra-t, pi. azdfir, clove (spice). yit\ azfar, with long nails, claws. jjak,\ azfur, pi. azdfir, nail (of the finger), claw, talon, clutch ; vine- branch. J!Jkt\ azldl, shadows, shades, &c., pi. of j^ zill. Jife\ azlam, more cruel, unjust, oppressive ; f. zalmd', dark ; darkness. Ut^ apnil', pi. of i»k zim', thirst, &c. ^\ 54 u^t o*^' tizma, f . zamyd, brovrn ; blood- less; fleshless; blackish; with small eye-lids. y^\ izhdr, publication; explana- tion; pretending; outward show; dissimulation. )^\ azhar, clearer, more distinct, more evident. •*?^'^^ a'dbid, slaves, Ac, pi. of 'h^ 'ahd. -T^^\ a'dtib, subjects of blame, quarrel, &c., pi. of ijy^^ u'tilba-t. J^^^ a'djil, pi. young ones. ^W a'djim, pi. of ,».aac\ , not Arab, foreign, &c., q.v. H-'«=5-^^ a'djib, miracles, &c., pi. of i3jj5^\ u'juba-t. iS\si\ i'dda-t, repetition ; return ; extradition. ^^>i\c^ a'ddi, enemies, pi. of ^Ji* 'aduww. i}^\ i'dra-t, lending, loan. s-^jW a'drib, nomadic Arabs, Be- douins, pi. of ^y^\ a'rdb. t/j)M a'drid, poems, metres, &c., pi. of (joj/^ 'arud. ;\j^\ i'tizdm, firm resolution ; per- severance. <-*^— ^^ i'tisdf, oppression ; violence. |,Usc\ i'tisdm, seeking refuge ; inno- cence. w>Uaxc\ i'titdb, ruin ; (m.) hurt injury- ^ Vii^^ itifd', abdication, apology justification. S^&^\ i'tiqdd, confidence; trust belief ; article of faith. JUi;x^ i'tiqdl, seizing ; binding ; im- prisoning ; being bound, &c. jViUc\ i'tikdr, darkness; clouds of dust. wj^Sac\ i'tikdf, spiritual retirement, retreat, .\ 55 ^\ '^\ i'tild', ascending, height. JX;^\ i'tildl, pretext. jUj:c\ i'timdd, confidence, reliance ; firm resolution ; (m.) baptism. fJuxc\ i'timdm, wearing the turban. ^J^\ i'tind', great care, taking pains. wiU;;c\ i'tindf, beginning ; taking by force ; abhorrence. ^^\i:ie.^ i'tindq, embracing, embrace. S,>jxs\ u'tuba-t, subject of reproach, of a quarrel. jUac) i'tiydd, custom ; — ^^ i'tiyd- diyy, customary, usual. jUac^ i'tiydz, being in want, needi- ness. iji.\,otc\ i'tiyds, living on anything ; livelihood. y4UAc\ i'tiydd, exchange. ^3^,sa£\ i'tiydq, being prevented. taUc^ i'sak, left-handed ; more diffi- cult. ^j!c\ a'sa, f. 'aswd', blackish ; hairy ; stupid ; hyena ; f. old woman. (t)^^^ i'jo-h, wondering, causing wonder. j^c\ a'jdz, roots of palm-trees ; — i'jdz, power of persuasion ; — 8 i'jdza-t, artificial thighs, hip- improvers. JWfj!\ i'jdl, hastening, accelerating ; ripening. s-«^^ a'jab, more wonderful, sur- prising. ;W^ a' dad, numbers, &c., pi. of AC 'idd and jjj; 'adad ; — i'ddd, preparation ; equipment. JW\ a'ddl, pi. of J.W5 'idl and JjJ>c 'adil, equal, &c., q.v. f,\^£\ i'ddm, annihilating ; ruining. J.ic^ a'dal, more or most equitable, just, comp. of JjVe 'ddil. (j'ic\ a'dd, more or most hostile. j\ J£\ a'zdr, excuses, pi. of jJc uzr ; — i'zdr, banquet, festival ; making excuses, excuse, iv. of (jAc), q.v. sjic\ a'zab, sweeter ; — s a'ziha-t, chastisements, &c., pi. of s-j^Ac 'azdh. )i^\ a'zar, excused. ^c\ a'arr, i. 'arrd', mangy; strong of neck and chest ; f . a young girl. ^ \)^\ a'rd', open spaces, &c., pi. of \j^ 'ard' ; — pi. of j;C 'irw, side ; negligent. '~'^f^ a'rdb, pi. nomadic Arabs, Bedouins, pi. a'drib ; sing, a'rd- biyy ; — i'rdb, grammatical in- flection ; syntax ; grammatical analysis. i_r'\/i\ a'rds, thrones, &c.,pl. of jV 'ars. ye\;*\ a'rds, open spaces, yards, &c.. pl. of ^/^ 'arsa-t. iJ>\/^\ a'rdd, pl. of ^f- 'ard, 'ird, 'arad, and *^jc 'arda-t, 'urda-t, q.v. ; — i'rdd, petitioning, solicit- ing ; exposition ; turning one's back ; return. >-i\js\ a'rdf, pl. of <-*;C 'Mr/, height, &c., q.v. ; the wall between hea- ven and hell ; purgatory. eys\ 'araj, f. 'arjd', pl. 'urj, 'urjdn, lame, halting ; raven ; f. hyena. w*;£\ a'raf, f. 'urfd', pl. 'urf, having a mane, crested ; with a long and strong neck ; f. al-'urfd', hyena. j;c\ a'raq, deeply or more deeply rooted. (•^\ a'ram, f. 'armd', pl. 'urm, spotted white and black; herd 56 ^c\ of sheep and goats mingled ; spotted egg ; pi. 'urmdn, pi. 'ardmm, not circumcised; f. a spotted snake. ■f^ a'azz, i. iC,-^ 'uzza, dearer; more powerful, more important, &c., comp. of )j)c 'aziz, q.T. ; f. mis- tress, lady-love; name of an idol; — f. Uc 'azaa', calamitous ; calamity ; — S a'izza-t and — \ji^\ a'izzd', pi. of j>.j^ 'aziz, excel- lent, Ac, q.v. j\)C^ i'zdz, magnificence, honour, reverence. ^^^j^^ a'zdl, pi. of J)c\ a'zal, q.v. s->y^^ a'zah, f. 'azbd', single, unmar- ried ; bachelor ; spinster. JjC^ a'zal, pi. 'uzl, 'uzzal, 'uzldn, a'zdl, ma'dzil, f. 'azld\ pi. 'azdli, 'azdla, who secludes himself ; singled out ; without arms, with- out a lance ; Jj^S\ tsU— J\ as-samak al-'azal, spica virginis (a constel- lation). gU^^ i'sdj, stooping walk. I«V~.E^ a'sdm, pi. forms of the body. yL>c\ a'sdn, pi. traces, remainders. ^~.c\ a'sar, f. 'asrd', left-handed ; more difficult, harder ; disas- trous. /^■^ a'sam, f. 'asmd', pi. 'usm, having a withered arm or leg. ,^Uij:\ i'sdb, covering itself with green herbage ; finding herbs for food. jVac\ a'sdr, pi. of 5/>^ , gain in play; tenth parts, pi. of yi^ 'us'r ; — tS a's'driyy, decimal. ijSiUij!^ a'sds, nests on trees, pi. of ij^ 'uss. yi-c\ a'sar, stupid. 'Sy^e] a'Sird', pi. of ^*Ac 'asir, tenth part ; cry of the hyena. »A£\ a'sam, f. 'asmd', of a mixed colour ; dried up in dust ; dim- sighted ; f. dusty ground. ,j-4.c\ a'sa, f. 'aswd, dim-sighted ; blind ; f . darkness ; — ii a'siya-t, evening meals, suppers, pi. of Uc 'aid\ ij!^\ a's-in, i_^\ a's), ^■<^\ a'sd', staves, Ac, pi. of ^-^c 'as-an, 'asd, q.v. wj^-ac^ a'sdb, nerves, sinews, &c., pi. of s— =c 'asab. jLs£\ a'sdr, ages, &c., pi. of /ac 'asr, 'isr, &c. ; — i'sdr, pi. a'dsir, a'dsir, hurricane ; — i'sdr, iv. of (j-c), q.v. 5^^ a'saj, bald. J-^^ a'sal, pi. 'usl, 'isdl, crooked, not straight ; having crooked legs ; assiduous ; f . 'asld, thin, lean. 1*^ a'sam, f. 'asmd', pi. 'usm, having a red beak and red feet ; having a white spot on the fore-foot ; f. mountain goat. Uc\ a'dd', members, pi. of y^ 'udw, 'idw. oUe\ i'ddd, help, assistance. s— =^^ a' dab, f. 'adbd', having one horn broken ; having one hand short ; who has lost his only brother ; shortened (foot of a verse) ; weak. ^c\ a'td', who gives much or more; — i'td, giving, bestowing. }ia£:\ a'far, more or very much perfumed. uyUsc\ a'tiydt, gifts, pi. of U=c 'at-an, 'atd. iiLlsE\ i'tiyd-f, wages, pay. i-Jac\ a'tiya-t, gifts, pi. of U=c 'af-an, 'atd. i/»yfeic\ i'zdma-t, greatness. f^si\ a'zam, f. 'tuina, greater ; more powerful ; more impor- tant ; better ; ^S\ jjui5\ as- sadru-'l-a'zam, prime minister; — (adv.) more ; — a'zum, bones, pi. of (Jsc 'azm. \iB.\ i'fd', cure ; deliverance ; ex- cuse ; — a'iffd', pi. of «_n-ac 'afif, chaste. ut-ic\ a'fat, stupid ; awkward ; clumsy. e-Ac\ a'fas, who shows his naked- ness ; who talks ribaldry or foolish things. y*t««c 'aqh and Sr-fic 'aqib ; ends, issues, &c., pi. of <-— «c 'uqb. _)V3c\ a'jar, pi. trees. '-r-Sf\ a'qub, black eagles, pi. of i^Uc 'uqdb. •»«c\ a'qad, f. 'aqdd', pi. 'wg-f^, knotty ; stammering ; having a flexible tail, therefore : dog, wolf, goat ; f . maid-servant. fB\ a'qar, f. 'aqrd', toothless ; f . sand-hill. —ise) a'qaf, f. 'aqfd, crooked; boor- ish ; poor ; f . an iron hook on a stick ; cramp-iron. Jiic\ a'qal, f. 'aqld', more intelli- gent. J!ilc^ a'ldl, indispositions, &c., pi. of His 'illa-t ; — i'ldl, interchange of the so-called weak letters, l«Sie\ a'ldtn, signs, flags, mountains, &c., pi. of f^ 'alam; — i'ldm, instruction ; information ; com- munication ; placard. (^hi\ i'ldn, publication; advertise- ment. iUc\ a'lita-t, pi. of tV 'Udp, q.v. Jic^ a'lam, f. 'almd', more learned ; knowing better ; ^W iU\j wa-'l- Idh a'lam, God knows best ; f . cuirass. t»^\ u'luma-t, pi. a'dlim, sign, (m.) secret communication. ^^\ a'la, pi. fj^ 'ul-an, a'dli ; f . 'ulyd', pi. 'ul-an, 'ulyaydt, higher, nobler, sublime; f. the tribe Koreish ; — f . 'alyd' and 'alwd', height, summit ; Heaven ; noble deed, exploit. *c\ a'amm, f. 'ammd', pi. 'umm, high ; great ; more general ; multitude; — a'umm, i a'imma-t, uncles (on father's side), &c., pi. of j»c 'amm. Uc\ a'md', errors, pi. of j*& 'amw ; — ignorants, &c., pi. of ^J*J^ a'mi. ;Uc\ a'mdr, lives, lifetimes, &c., pi. of j*e 'umr ; — i'mdr, cultivating, rendering habitable. JUc\ a'mdl, deeds, actions, &c., pi. of J*£ 'amal. |,Uc\ a'mdm, (paternal) uncles, pi. of ^ 'amm. ^^u£\ a'mita-t, clews of wool, pi. of ^^sa*c 'amita-t. ixi^\ a'mida-t, columns, &c., pi. of Jj^c 'amud. j*^\ a'mar, better populated, more cultivated. (jS<*e\ a'Tna^, f. 'amsd', blear-eyed, with running eyes. ya*c\ a'mas, (m.) the same. (^j^.».c\ a'mumun, paternal uncles, pi. of ^ 'amm. IUb\ a'mah, f. 'amhd, without signs to mark the road (desert). j_sj*c\ a'mamyy, refemng to the blind. ^j*c\ a'ma, f. 'amyd', pi. 'umy, 'umydn, blind ; dark ; al- 'amaydn, inundation and con- flagration ; — pi. Uc\ a'md', ignorant men ; fools ; deserts. Uc\ a'nd', sides, pi. of Uc 'andn ; — i'nd', allusion, iv. of ((.y*). ut>Uc\ i'ndt, insertion of a letter in a rhyme ; (m.) torment ; vexa- tion. jjUc\ a'ndq, necks, &c., pi. of (j-ic 'wnq, 'unuq, 'unaq. (^\jj^ a'ndm,, objects coming into view, apparitions, pi. of (^ 'anan ; — i'ndn, bridling, checking with the reins. i^sJ*\ a'nija-t, ropes, connections, &c., pi. of s^i* 'indj, q.v. (>Ac\ a'naq, long-necked ; name of a celebrated stallion ; f . 'anqd', fabulous bird, griffin, phoenix ; mountain-peak ; calamity ; — a'niiq, Mds, &c., pi. of vjUo 'andq. 8 (^\ 58 ^^ i^\ a'inna-t, pi. of (jW 'indn, bridle, &c. ^f^ i'wdr, suspicion. j\f\ i'wdz, neediness, indigence, destitution. f>\f^\ i'wdm, years, pi. of («^ 'dm. y\^\ a'wdn, pi. of yy: 'aww, helper, servant, &c. Ejc\ a'waj, crooked, malicious ; f. 'aujd', bow ; lean, slender. gW-jc\ i'wijdj, crookedness ; false- ness, perfidy, malice. jy!\ a'wad, more advantageous j^\ a'war, f. 'aura', pi. 'itr, 'warn, 'iraw, one-eyed ; corrupted, per- verse, bad ; deceived ; bad guide, wrong road ; effaced writing ; pi. a'dvnr, nits, see \j^ 'aurd'. yj^\ a'was, f. 'ausd', who draws in the corners of the mouth ; furbisher of knives or swords. ij>f^ a'was, f. 'ausd', pi. 'vs, unin- telligible, difficult to under- stand ; unusual ; see tsy;. (^jb\ a'wan, more helping. Uc\ a'yd', pi. of ^^jC 'ayy, incapable, &c., and Wc 'ayd', difficult, &c. ; — i'yd', fatigue. ijUc^ a'ydd, feasts, &c., pi. of •»«* ~'id. (^\fs\ a'ydn, great men, grandees, pi. of t>«£ 'ain. y»*c\ a'is, f. a'isd', pi. 'fs, whitish- yellow (camel). t^\ a'2/a.f, f. 'aitd', pi. '*?, long- necked ; high ; proud ; stiff- necked, obdurate. f^\ a'yan, f. 'aind', pi. 'in ; having a large black pupil ; wild bull ; visible, in view, evident ; perfo- rated ; who has many servants ; green ; — a'yun, a'yundt, eyes, pi. of t>s* 'ain ; — i a'yina-t, plough-shares, pi. of yW* 'iydn. ^^\ a'ya, more stammering ; more obdurate ; — i u'yiyya-t, stammer- ing (s.) ; — a'yiya-t, Wc\ a'yiyd, pi. of tjW agdnt, songs, melodies, pi. of i^\ ugniya-t, &c. (j)^\ agdtvi, snares, &c., pi. of ij^^ iigwiyya-t. ij>^\ aghas, ash-coloured ; lion. j^\ agbar, f. gabrd', pi. gubr, dusty ; dust-coloured ; dark ; j«c\ f,\e. 'dm agbar, barren year ; quickly passing ; soon effaced ; al-agbar, wolf ; al-gabrd', the earth ; y* \y-ji] banu-'l-gabrd' , poor people, travellers; tomb. ^ytf^\ i5f6tV((/', dust-colour; becoming dusty ; secret hatred, grudge. y~fc\ agbas, dark. ^Jft^ agba, f. gabyd', having dense foliage ; more stupid, comp. of ^ gabiyy. j»Uc\ agtdm, pi. of f>^\ agtam, q.v. L\,jjx\ igtibdt, contentment in pro- sperity. j^Uit^ igtibdq, evening cup. v* V^^ igtirdb, travelliag into foreign countries, becoming a stranger to one's own. j^fi\ igtirdr, infatuation ; ambition ; being deceived ; being inatten- tive. jV^ igtirnz, being ready for de- parture. tj\yi\ igtirdf, drawing water. JV.,j;i\ igtisdl, ablution. i^U>xi\ igtisds, revolt, rebellion. ^jUsi\ igtisdb, open violence ; seiz- ing violently. (joUxi\ igtisda, great anxiety ; suf- focation. ^\ agtam, pi. guim, pi. pi. agtdm, speaking unintelligibly or bar- barously ; — ^^ agtamiyy, not Arab; foreigner; barbarian. jU!i\ igtimdr, submersion ; sinking. ,^Usi\ igtimdd, closing or blinking one's eyes. f,\*sM igtimdm, sadness, sorrow, melancholy. ^Uxi\ igtindm, getting spoil ; seizing an opportunity. vW^ic^ igtiyuh, calumniating the absent; back-biting. jW^^ igiiydr, vying, competing with each other. ^\>^\ igtiydz, burst of anger. JWxi\ igtiydl, assaulting, rushing against ; seizing suddenly. ^1 agsd', scums. &c., pi. of Ufe gusd', gussd'. j^\ agsar, f. gasrd, pi. gusr, dark reddish brown ; dirty green ; woolly ; moss ; common or vulgar man ; lion ; f. crowd, rabble ; threats ; hyena ; pi. populace. (j^\ agsa, lion (robber). Sj^\ agdira-t, ponds, pi. of jjJkc gadir. h'^^ agdiya-t, breakfasts, luncheons, pi. of \Jic gadd'. /^^ agarr, f. garrd', pi. gurr, having a white spot on the forehead (horse); white; shining brightly; very hot; eminent, distinguished; f. al-garrd', Mecca ; first night of the full moon ; hottest part of the day ; pi. the worthies ; water-bubbles ; — » agirra-t, pi. of j\j^ girdr, head of an arrow or lance ; also — \^\ agirrd', pi. of f.ji- garir, easily deceived, inexperienced ; — igrd', instigation. ^f^\ agrdr, pi. of ^ girr, unexperi- enced, easily deceived. (j-«^y^\ agrds, grafts, proselytes, pi. of y-ji gars. 69 J^^ I u*V^< agrdd, designs, intentions, I *°'> .P'-^<^f u*^ girad, q.v. vi'^i igrdg, drowning, plunging- exaggeration. ' v/^ agruh, I agriha-t, pi. of _U gardb, raven, crow, &c., q.v. J}^\ agral, uncircumcised ; commo- dious ; abundant ; — long (= J^ garil). ' ^^if^ agrud, i ugruda-t, pi. ugdrid, warbling of birds, (jij/^ igrid, fresh and tender; palm- blossom. ijif\ igriqiyy, Greek, Grecian. J>^^ agzal, erotic poet ; frequently recurring. t)^~*^ agsdn, pi. worn-out clothes ; manners, morals, character. ^^Ac\ agsa, f. gaSwd, having the head entirely white (horse, &c.). yUi\ agsdn, branches, &c., pi. of i^^ gum. ^^ igdd', knitting the brows ; averting the face. v_,Uc\ igddh, moving to anger, irri- tating. --a^\ agdaf, pi. gudf, having flabby ears ; with lowered eye-lids (lion) ; sinking, falling down (night), dark ; densely feathered (arrow) ; luxurious (life). 1=^\ agatt, rich, abundant, luxuri- ous. trJsc\ agta^, f. gatsd', dim-sighted; dark ; f . pathless desert. -i!ci.\ agtaf, easy, luxurious ; having heavy eyebrows or lashes. "^M^ agtiya-t, coverings, veils, pi. of Use gitd'. ^^ agfd', chaff, pi. of ^Jii gafan. JUi\ igfdl, causing to forget or neglect. ^\ agfar, not susceptible. W igld', being dear, costly ; making dear ; — also « igld'a-t, boiling, bubbling, ebullition. jW agldq, bolts, &c., pi. of ^^ galag ; — igldq, locking, shutting, fastening a door. Jl^\ agldl, pi. of Jc gull, chains, ^^ 60 \i\ manacles, &c.;—igldl, deceit, fraud. s-li^ aglab, f. galld', pi. gulh, Laving a high and thick-set neck : lion ; high ; powerful ; numerous ; al-aglab, the highest number, the most probable case ; ^-'Z-agiZa6, mostly, pre-eminently; f. with rich vegetation. '-^\ aglaf, f. galfd, pi. gulf, sheathed, encased, under en- velope ; uncircumcised ; rough, untamed ; <.JJic\ yl-c 'aid aglaf, al-galfd', easy and comfortable life. ^M aglima-t, boys, servants, &c., pi. of ^Xc guldm. ejlc^ ugMj, pi. agdlij, tender, flexible branch. «t^\ ugluta-t, pi. agdlit, a wrong or misleading word. ij^ agla, dearer, more expensive. 1^'^ agamm, f. gamma', covering all ; more grievous ; see Uc. Uc\ agmd, pi. of j^j** gaman, in a swoon, fainting, and of ^_s^ gaman, roof ; visor. »>Uc\ agmdd, sheaths, scabbards, Ac, pi. of •i*i gimd ; — igmdd, sheathing, putting one thing ia another. yoUc^ igmdd, shutting the eyes, conniving. \]*^^ agmird', masses of water, pi. oi yt*^ gamvr. i/»*^^ agmas, with watering eyes. ij^\ agmad, more unintelligible. ^■i*^\ agmiya-t, roofs, visors, pi. of tj*e gaman. t^\ agann, f. gannd', speaking through the nose ; screaming ; singing; well populated; richly overgrown. Ui\ aqnd', pi. things, outfit ; — ignd', enriching. |,\j£\ agndm, sheep, &c., pi. of f^ ganam. W^^ agniyd', pi. of ^J^ ganiyy, rich. it*ic\ ugniya-t, igniya-t, igniyya-t, ugniyya-t, song, air, melody. ^y^^ igwd', seduction, temptation; deceit. _)\^^ agwdr, caves, &c., pi. of j^ jar, q.v. t^^^ agwdt, plains, &c., pi. of 1=»\* gd\t, gdyit. y-ys_^\ agiistus, (m.) month of August. Jj*^ agwal, commodious, easy (life) ; rushing along, coming over suddenly. iSf^ agwa, more erring, more easily led astray ; — 8 ugwiyya-t, pi. agdwi, what leads astray and into perdition ; snare ; pitfall ; danger. •^^ agyad, f. gaidd', pi. iS'>^ gaidd, gid, young, delicate and supple ; having one's head bent ; richly overgrown. •-M=^ agyaf nodding (before falling asleep) ; luxurious. (^\ agyan, f. gaind', pi. gin, dark green, see *~!^. <-*^ df, i dfa-t, pi. dfdt, damage, loss ; calamity ; harm ; bane ; — aff, little, small quantity ; — iff, pusillanimity ; — uff, parings or dirt of the nails ; chip ; small quantity ; — vff-i, uff-a, vff-u, uff-mi, uff-in, W uff-an, oh! alas ! woe ! fie ! — 8 vffa-i, weakling ; poor. {'J>\) aff, V, INF. aff, call out >^\ uff a from pain or grief ; — ii. inp. ia'fif, V. iNP. ta'affuf, the same. u»U\ dfdt, damages, &c., pi. of U^ df; — if at, transitoriness, perish- ableness ; — S ifdta-t, frustration ; making disappear. (^^\ afdtih, seed-lobes, pi. of iiyi\ uftnha-t. ^'^\ ifdha-t, diffusing odour, fra- grance. yo-.=>^\ afdhis, holes in the ground, itc, pi. of y=^\ ufMs. 6jVi^ ifdda-t, advantage, gain. &jW afdriqa-f, ^3>jU\ afdriq, troops of people, &c., pi. of ii^firqa-t. JiLM afdtfil, pi. of J^\ afdal, more excellent, &c. \i\ 61 ^^^ ifdda-t, giving abundantly ; clear delivery; heaving to and fro. j^^\ afdtir, splits, &c., pi. of jjl=»\ lift dr. tj^^j*^ afd'i, serpents, vipers, pi. of (j**\ af'an. J«cU\ afd'il, actions, deeds, verbs, &c., pi. ot ^fi'l. «-*^^ affdf, who sighs and groans much ; — ifdf, pusillanimity ; cowardice ; moment, epoch. (jM dfdq, regions, Ac, pi. of iji\ ufq; — affdq, great traveller ; adven- turer ; — S ifdqa-t, re-animation ; recovery ; (m.) awakening ; rest, pause ; — 15 afdqiyy, horizontal ; universal. is)U\ dffdlc, great liar. Ji'U\ afdhil, J«^U^ afdJcil, pi. of J^\ afkal, ifkil, troop. &i^^\ afdkih, things which cause wonder or merriment, pi. of iftjXi^ uflcuha-t. (^^\ iffdn, affdn, time. (^U\ afdnin, branches; manners, ways, varieties, pi. of y^ fanan and tjyi^ a/nun. e}^^ afdvdj, 5>j^^ afdwij, troops, &c., pi. of ey fawj, q.v. i^}^\ afdwiq, milk-flows, pi. of *«->» faiqa-t (m.). iijj^i\ afdwih, mouths, &c., pi. of SS\i\ afd'ik, lies, pi. of i^\ afi- Tca-t. {•j>.i\) afat, iNr., aft, alienate, pre- vent, restrain from. c5-j\ aft, patient, enduring and swift (camel) ; — ift, the same ; lie ; — dfat=ii\ dfa-t, damage, loss, ca- lamity. Ui\ iftd', solving a question of law or conscience ; judicial decision. cU;a\ iftitdh, opening, beginning ; consecrating; inauguration; in- troduction ; conquest ; — (j iftitdhiyy, introductory, prelimi- nary. yU;;i\ iftitdn, instigating to revolt or discord; seduction; tempta- tion. W»**^ iftijd', robbery by sudden invasion. ^^\aa^\ iftihds, disquisition, exami- nation. (;m\ aftah, f. fathd', having weak joints or limbs ; with soft soles ; with large feet or paws ; blear- eyed ; see Uaii. jVsiii\ iftihdr, boasting ; glory. \xii\ iftidd', ransom. \yii\ iftird', lie ; (m.) insult, offence ; calumny. j\y'i\ iftirdr, flashing ; showing the teeth. (jo^y^\ iftirds, availing one's self of an opportunity. ^\fi\ iftirdd, precept ; (m.) suppo- sition, hypothesis. y^fi\ iftirdq, separation. ue)\ya\ iftirdJc, (m.) grinding to pieces ; agitation (of a sick person). Jl^^ a/da', i.fadd', having a dis- torted limb ; distorted ; see ^•^\ afdina-t, yokes of oxen, &c., pi. of (J\y> faddn, q.v. •i»^ afazz, not feathered (arrow). j\ii\ afzdz, pi. of jj fazz, single, isolated, &c. (/^) <»/*'■> I. INF. afr, ufur, cross (ijlfi 'aZa) ; run, jump ; attack ; be very hot, boil ; get fat ; be zealous and quick in serving ; drive away ; — afir, A, inf. afar, be very hot and boil violently ; grow fat. ji\ afarr, f . farrd\ showing beauti- ful teeth in laughing or smiling; ■ — ' ufurra-t, troop ; mixture ; adversity. \]i'\ afrd', wild asses, pi. of \j' fard'. X^]i\ afrdh, young birds, &c., pi. of Effarh. S\^\ afrdd, pi. of -i^fard, individual, &c., q.v.; — ifrdd, separating; making unequal ; reducing to the simplest expression ; isola- tion. )\)i\ ifrdz, separating, distinguish- ing, sequestering. ^Ji^Ji^ afrds, horses, mares, pi. of y-;i faras. u*V^ ifrdd, precept ; assignment ; present. W/\ ifrdt, excess ; extreme ; exag- geration ; superfluity. ^V^ ifrdg, emptying ; casting metals ; putting into shape. jV^ ifrdq, recovery. t}*^ afruh, » afriha-t, young birds, Ac, pi. of t^ farh. ijr'f^ afr as, clever horseman. \^f\ afrad, very learned La divine law. tf^ afrag, f. fargd' , free of cares ; making large wounds ; — » afri- ga-t, vacancies, ~-'/\ afransa-t, France ; — 45 afran- siyy. Frenchman, French. j>f\ ifriz, roof for protection against rain ; frieze ; cornice. (j°3;*^ afriqiyy, African ; — » afri- qiyya-t, Africa. JV^ a/aaz, pi. of -f fazz, excitable, fickle, &c. g^y^ ifzd', frightening, terrifying. j\ — »\ ifsdd, corrupting, adulterat- ing; instigation to mischief or revolt ; oppression. ij — »\ afsaq, more or most perverse, wicked, vile. (;>«xi_^\ afsintin (ahsintin), worm- wood. ^^^'^ ifiii', divulging a secret. ir^\ afs'ag, with a protruding tooth, having the teeth sepa- rated. J^\ afsal, (m.) left-handed ; f. fasld', the left hand. y«-^^ if.sin, (m.) formula of prayer. cUi\ ifsii/i, speech, iv. (c"). JUi\ ifsdl, death. C-»*\ afsah, more eloquent, clearer ; more abundant, comp. of ^ fash, ^-tf^fasi/i. i\ t<^^ afsam, broken, torn. J^^ afdul, superfluities, excel- lencies, &c., pi. of ^ fadl;- t/rfaZ, superiority ; eminence. &^\ afdal, more or most excel- karVed "'' '"'""^'^^ ' ^°- ^^afatt, having a flat nose. fast"'' ''''^^''°* fasting; break- L^^ a/ifas, f./a?s(i', flat-nosed. ;>il uftur, pi. a/a^ir, split, fissure, crevice ; scratch, scar. ^l^^<^'' more shameful, comp. of ^^ afd\ perfumes, scents. e)^j*i\ uf'uwdn, male viper. o«^^ a/'a», pi. afd'i, viper, serpent. wii\ a/a/, a Uttle, small quantity, (tJ^y a/a?, I, INF. afq, travel to distant parts, all over the world • give more to the one than the other; deceive; conquer; cir- cumcise ; — a/j2, a, inf. afaq, attain to the highest distinc- tion;— v. INF. ta'affuq, come rrom distant climates. ^\ ufq, ufuq, afaq, pi. dfdq, cli- mate, region, country ; horizon • the wide world; — a/a^, uncii-I cumcised; — 4^2, ffl^2, far supe- rior ; — dfiq, ufuq, quick, swift ; — i afaqa-t, hypochondre ; ufqa-t, prepuce; — ^ irfuqiyy afaqiyy, horizontal. ' ;Ui\ ifqdr, impoverishing (s.). fi\ afqar, poorer, more wretched. (^\) afak, I, afilc, a, inf. ifk, afk, afak, ufuk, lie; —inf. ifk, cause to change one's purpose or opinion ; cause to ■ tell a lie • thwart one's wishes, declare them to be unlawful ; — pass. ujiq, INF. afk, produce nothing from want of rain; have little understanding;- II. INF. tafdk, lie ;— VIII. INF. it'ifdk, be turned topsy-turvy, overthrown. '^\ afik, liar ; — ifk, & ifha-t, lie ;— 63 wM ufuk, great liars, pi. of ^,4^ afi'ik. ~ )^\afkdr, thoughts, &c., pi. of JCi Jikr. ■' JSi\ afkal, ifkil, fright ; a kind of wood-pecker; pi. afdkil, afakil, troop; hi-afdUli-hum, all of them. ijt^\ ufkAha-t, pi. afdkih, what causes wonder or merriment. (Ji^) afal, I, T7, afil, a, inf. wfid, vanish, disappear (moon) ;— inf ufiil, afal, dry up (milk of a suckling woman) ; — afil, inf. afal, be alert, quick ; — n. inf. tafil, procure honour, respect to anybody;— V. inf. ta'afful, be proud. Ji^ afil, I dfila-t, big with youne (lioness). •'6 I^\ afld', wide waterless deserts pi. of SSU faldt; foals, pi. of Jii filtv. «^W i^(?«, help to escape ; escape. C&i\ ifid4, good fortune, prosperity, u-ii^ iflds, poverty; (m.) bank- ruptcy. t)y=Si\ afld{un, Plato. jlU\ afldq, mountain-clefts, &c., pi. of tjii falaq, q.v. «2)ii\ afldk, spheres, heavenly bodies, &c., pi. of '^^ falak, q.v. JlUl a/ai, breaks, rents ; fugitives, &c., pi. of Ji /aZZ;- deserts' without rain, pi. of ^ full, fill, glit a/ai, f. faljd', having fingers or teeth far apart ; (m.) gouty, paralysed. cl*\ aflah, having the nether lip split. ((^\) afan, i, inf. afn, milk out of the proper time ; exhaust all milk in the udder; have little milk; give little understanding to anybody (God);— pass, be spoiled (food). yj\ afn, afan, weakness of intel- lect. '^\ ifnd', annihilation. jUi\ afndq, high-bred stallions, pi. of (j*A* faniq. C>ii 64 J\ (^\ji\ afndn, branches, pi. of (jJj fanan. ■iJj^ afnud, silliness ; — (j afandi, pi. afandiyya-t, master, sir, gentle- man, monsieur (Turk, from the Greek ai^eVn/s). ftjy^^ ofnun, pi. afdnin, class, cate- gory ; manner, way ; — ufnun, snake ; bent ; obscure speech ; calamity ; beginning. ^yi\ afna, rich, full ; f . fanwa, having a rich head of hair ; densely branched (also afann) ; more perishable, comp. of ^^ fani ; — * afniya-t, enclosures in front of houses, pi. of Ui find'. Vflil ajhd', mouths, pi. of Sy Juh. f\gi\ ifhdm, making understand. E\y\ afwdj, troops, crowds, flocks, \ji\ afwdh, mouths, &c., pi. of sy fuh. y-y\ afue, axes, Ac, pi. of y-Vi fa's. ^^\ afwag, having thick lips. i_*y\ afuf, in great haste. jji\ afwaq, f . fauqd', broken at the notch ; see \if. »£!y\ afuk, pi. ufuk, great liar ; — Ufuk, INF. of (uiJi\). Jy\ aful, omens, &c., pi. of JU fal. sy\ afwah, f . fauM', fahwd', having a large mouth, a wide opening. Wi\ a/i/a', pi- of o* /**'> shadow, &c., q.v. J\-si\ afydl, elephants, pi. of Js^ fil. ^\ afyah, f. fai^d', pi. /iA, exten- sive, spacious ; see Vasji. iASi\ afida-t, the intestines ; heart, lungs and liver, pi. of «>^ji fu'itd. ^^\ afiq, f . i , excellent ; misfor- tune. K^\ afifcat, pi. c£i»^^ afd'ik, liar. j^\ a/m, stupid ; corrupted, spoiled. Oj«i^ afyiin, ifyaun, opium ; Z)) e^S'l rdhu-'l-'afyun, laudanum. ^^A iqdta-t, nutrition, feeding; power. Z^ aqdh-in, ^J^^\ aqdhi, camomiles, pi. of y^ja»*\ uqhuwdn. j-so«^ aqddih, arrows without fea- thers and head, satires, &c., pi. of c^ qidh. VjU>\ aqdrib, near relations, pi. of vy^ aqrdb. gjW aqdri', pi. of £}i\ aqra', very hard ; cutting, sharp, &c. ^})^'\ aqdzil, pi. of Jji^ aqzal, halting, limping. frtJO\ aqdsim, parts. &c., pi. of (•«-* qism and ^j — i\ uqsuma-t. ^U\ aqdsir, pi. of ^J>^ aqsar, shorter. ,_s«Vi\ ajasi, pi. of (_s-*\ , extreme, farthest. jt^\i\ aqdsir, pi. fords. yaj«Vi\ aqdsis, tales, stories, pi. of Leyai\ aqsusa-t. gt\i\ aqdti', cut off branches, &c., pi. of £s^ 2<''?*'' gstU\ aqdti', objects sent to indi- cate the break of friendship, pi. of icjlsi\ uqtu'a-t. i5U\ iqdla-t, legal annuUation of a bargain ; pardon ; watering (beasts) at noon ; (m.) deliver- ance, release. («J^\ aqdlim, climates, &c., pi. of (»sli\ iqlim. ^W iqdma-t, staying, remaining, stopping ; establishing ; per- forming ; raising of the dead ; the second and last call for prayer. (t^^\ aqdnim, roots, &c., pi. of (>fi\ uqnum, q.v. (>)^\ aqdwim, i»i)^\ a2'?tom:=^^\ Jj^Vi\ aqdwil, speeches, sayings, &c., pi. of Jy> qaul. ^U\ aqdyim, peoples, tribes, &c., pi. of |»y> qaum. N-J>^ aqabb, f. qabbd', pi. s-i qabb, having a very slender waist. JW»^ iqbdl, approach ; arrival ; i\ coming first ; favouring ; pro- speritj. C**^ aqbah, viler, vilest; more or most infamous, comp. of ^-t^ qabih. '^■s*\ aqhiya-f, overcoats, &c., pi. of W* qabd'. (ui-i\)=ui.i^ waqt, time, epoch; — II. ui.«i^ aqqat, fix a time. y"WJ^\ iqtihds, fetching fire from another's hearth ; borrowing ; acquiring; borrowed thoughts. JW^^ iqtibdl, accepting ; reception ; consent. l«VaJJ>\ iqtihdm, rashness, temerity. \A«i\ iqiidd', imitation, emulation. j\Axi\ iqtiddr, power ; wealth. vV^^ iqiirdb, approaching. t^y^\ iqtirdh, improvisation ; (m.) invention. ^\fi\ iqtirdd, borrowing money. &fA iqtird', casting lots ; (m.) scuffle. (^\jx3\ iqtirdn, joining, coupling, pairing. oU!i\ iqtisdd, moderation, economy ; «_i!jlo*J^ (J* >sUxi3^ ^ 'ilmu-'l- iqtisdd-i fi-'l-masdrtf-i, book- keeping. j\,aii\ iqtisdr, abbreviation, abridge- ment ; restriction. ^Uxi\ iqtisds, report ; revenge. Uxi^ iqtidd', exigency ; requisite ; necessary consequence ; demand. i_4Uas*\ iqtitdf, plucking, gathering, selecting. gx*\ aqta', more contemptible. U.a\ iqtifd', following upon one's heels ; imitation ; giving the preference; friendly reception. Visi\ iqtind', acquiring, receiving, possessing. yeU!j\ iqtinds, hunting. gUsS^ iqtind', being satisfied. cVa!*\ aqhdh, pi. of jJ quhh, pure, _ &c. i*«j\ aqhama-t, severe cold. t)^j*!*\ uqhuwdn, pi. aqdh-in,aqdhiyy, camomile ; /"ST ^j=>W aqdhiyyu- 1- amr-i, first beginnings. 65 ij^\ -ii^ aqudd, i aqidda-t, statures, &c., pi. of ^ qadd. (•U»\ aqddm, feet, &c., pi. of ^jj qadam ; — iqddm, advancing ; boldness; endeavour; diligence. C^'Wt aqddh, cups, pi. of f^ qadah. t^\ aqdah, fly. _)>Wl\ aqdar, f. qadrd', more powerful, wealthier. f>'^i\ aqdam, foremost, boldest; older. \)*\ aqrd', canals, acqueducts, pi. of tsy> qariyy ; — pi. rhymes. cV^ aqrdh, ulcerating. j\y»\ irp-ch-, confirmation, affirma- tion ; confession ; acknowledg- ment of a duty or debt ; bond ; — i5 iqrdriyy, truthful ; confirmed. yo\ji^ iqrdd, lending money ; sum lent. £\f\ iqrd', faulty rhyme. (^\ji\ aqrdn, peers, equals, &c., pi. of (^}i qarin. «T»/^ aqrab, nearer ; more jjrobable ; pi. aqrabun, aqdrib, near rela- tions. gjji^ aqra', f. qar'd' , pi. qur', qur'dn, bald (in consequence of illness) ; naked ; peeled ; grazed ofE ; empty ; complete (number) ; pi. aqdri', very hard ; cutting, sharp ; clever ; al-qard', yard ; calamity. <-i^\ aqraf, crimson. fl>f^ aqram, stallion (for breeding). j\ aqissa-t, priests, pi. of t^»-~i qasls. l-^\ uqsuma-t, pi. aqdsim, portion, lot ; destiny, fate. ^i-i\ aqsa', more elevated; of higher rank or birth. 9 uaJi\ 66 V>^ ^■oi\ aqsii', pi. of (j-i qasiyy and yoU qds-in, far distant. _)-=*\ (ijsar, f. qasrd, pi. aqdsir, shorter; having an emaciated neck. iLcj^\ (uqsusa-t), pi. aqdsis, stories, tales. ^_^\ aqsa, f. qaswd, qasyd, pi. a^asi, more or most distant ; last ; extreme. (ja*\ aqadd, f. qaddd', hard, peb- bled ; not flexible (coat of mail) ; US AcU=- jamd'a-t qaddd', troop of people armed to the teeth. ^_^^ aqda, more or most judicious ; — S aqdiya-t, fates, decrees, judgments, &c., pi. of ^ qadd. (la\) aqt, iqt, uqt, aqit, pi. aqtdn, a friable cheese of congelated cream ; — aqit, indigestible ; — aqat, i, inf. aqt, prepare a dish with the said cheese, give a person to eat of it ; throw the adversary to the ground ; mix ; — IV. INF. i'qtd', have plenty of cheese. ^\!aJ\ aqtdr, tracts (of land), &c., pi. of jlai qutr. £U=i\ aqtd-', pi. of ^ giV' and j-U qatV, <\.\. ; — iqtd\ cutting, lop- ping ; assigning lands on ten- ure ; — » iqtd'a-t, feudal tenure, assigned for military service. yU=i^ aqtdn, cottons, pi. of ^^ qutn, qutun, qutunn. ^\ aqta', f. qat'd'. pi. qut', qut'dn, having his hand cut ofE ; cut off ; interrupted ; dumb ; sharper, more cutting ; al-aqta'dn, sword and pen ; (m.) worse, more wicked ; — aqtu', S aqti'a-t, cut off branches, pi. of gsla (/«/i'. ._fl!aj(\ aq{af,viho gathers more; what itches more. &c^\ uqpA'a-t, pi. aqdti', object sent to cut a person's friend- ship. jViu\ iq'dd, causing to sit ; disease which compels to a sitting posi- tion ; weakness of the hips ; halting, limping. •i«*^ aq'ad, juster, more legal (m.) ; — » aq'ida-t, young camels, pi. of Jj« qu'nd. (j-*i\ aq'as, f. qas'd', pi. qu's, having the back drawn in and the chest protruded ; having a high croup ; ant ; firmly grounded ; powerful ; long. <-a*^ aqf-in, see ^\ aqfi. '^\ aqjd', the same ; — iqfd', pre- ference, IV. of (yi). ^ii\ iqfdr, being ruined, deserted ; finding a town destroyed and desolate. ^/'^\ aqfds, cages, &c., pi. of ya«J> qafas. uSia\ aqfdf, stony hills, &c., pi. of *_« qiiff. JUi\ aqfdl, locks, bolts, &c., pi. of Jii qufl, q.v. j«*\ aqfar, uncultivated, f. qufra, desert. ij~Ae\ aqfas, f. qafsd', bom from a free woman by a slave ; long and making folds ; f. intestines, bowels. ^J^\ aqfi (<-«\ aqf-in), » aqfiya-t, occiputs, &c., pi. of Ui qaf-an, qafd. iji\ aqall, less, least ; smaller; rarer ; poor ; f. qulld, the little one; aqall-an, at least. %\ aqilld', pi. of J-li qalll, little, few, ^ aqmisa-t, shirts, &c., pi. of (j««** qamts. ^^^^ aqmita-t, swaddling clothes, &c., pi. of tUi qimdt. ^\ aqnd', bright red ; — iqnd', enriching ; — » aqnd'a-t, shady side. g^^ iqnd', satisfying, rendering content, persuading. Wl^ aqinna-t, slaves, &c., pi. of {^ qinn. ^)^^ uqnum, pi. aqdnim, root ; per- son (of the Holy Trinity). ,j*i\ aqna, f. qanwd', having an aquiline nose ; — » aqniya-t, canals, \^\ aqwdm, peoples, tribes, &c., pi. of cji qaum. ^fi\ aqivad, f. qaudd', pi. qud, 67 in guidable ; long-necked; high; lengthy ; miserly ; skilful as a go-between ; f. high summit. jf^ aqwar, i. qaurd', spacious, roomy ; — al-aqivarun, al-aqwa- '"^yydt, great calamities. (joji^ aqwas, hard, cruel ; vaulted, arched ; far off ; long. gy>\ aqwu\ plains, pi. of gli qd'. i-sy^ aqivaf, clever physiognomist. (•y^ aqwam, more or most upright, &c., comp. of i»ifi qawim. i^f\ aqwa, stronger, richer. ^.f^ aqwiyd', pi. of ^Sj* qaiviyy, strong, vigorous, j)owerful, &c. (i-s*^) aqa, inf. aqy, feel nauseous in consequence of illness. jW*^ aqydd, fetters, &c., pi. of ^-« qaid. jij'\ aqyar, more bitter. ^^»^ aqyisa-t, measures, &c., pi. of (j»^ qiyds, q.v. l=*i\ aqit, indigestible. (^\) akk, r, inf. ahlt, be very hot push back ; press ; be oppressed contracted with anxiety ; — viii INF. i'tilcdk, be very hot ; throng be pressed (by business, _ &c.) knock against each other (feet) — ii akka-t, suffocating heat plight; tumult; hatred, envy death. j>^\ akdbir, the great ones, gran- dees, pi. oi y4^ akbar. oli"^ ikdd, pi. akdyid, saddle-strap, girth-leather. ■~^.S\i\ akdzib, lies, pi. of hj^\ ukzuba-t. ^\ akkdr, pi. »/^ akara-t, digger, peasant. y-jl^ akdris, ij-ij'^\ akdr'is, neigh- bouring houses, &c., pi. of (J-/ kirs. I*ij^\ akdrim, noble deeds, pi. of ^}/^ ukrihna-t. )-'^\ akdsir, » akdsira-t, the Chos- roes, pi. of (^/~^ kisra. iJu,\i\ akdsifa-t = ii^^-^ asdkifa-t, shoe-makers. ^\i\ ukdf, ikdf, pi. ukuf, saddlo for \i\ 68 Jt^\ horses or asses ; — ald-af, maker of such saddles. J^^ ahdl, food ; — ukdl, ikdl, itch ; — aklcdl, voracious ; glutton. JsJ»^ aJedlil, diadems, crowns, gar- lands, &c., pi. of JJ^\ iklil. (•^^ dkdm, ikdm, chains of hills, pi. of i*^\ akam. (»**^^ akdmim, sleeves, &c., pi. of ^ kimm. •M^^ akdyid, girth-leathers, pi. of ->^\ ikdd. jM^ akbdd, livers, hearts, pi. of •>ti kabd, kibd, kabid. •^ akhad, f. habdd', stout, fat; slow; see ^'Xfi'. rt^\ akhar, pi. -un, f. kubra, pi. knbar, greater ; older ; more important ; al-akbardn, the two first Caliphs ; al-akbar, al-kubra, the major term in a proposition ; pi. al-akdbir, the great ones, grandees ; — S akbirra-t, ikbirra-t, nearest related to the first an- cestor. >-*^\ aktdf, shoulders, pi. of t-AsS kHf, kataf, katif. JVa-!S\ iktihdl, anointing the eyes with collyrium. \f^ iktird', hiring, renting. iAs^yiJ\ iktirds, sorrow, anxiety. V-~:S'\ iktisd', dressing, putting on clothes. ^L-sS^ iktisdb, acquiring, earning, gain. >-l^\ aktaf, having broad shoul- ders ; having a lame shoulder (horse). \i^\ iktifd', having enough ; being satisfied. ^U;;i'\ iktindf, help, protection. «V«S\ iktindh, endeavour to under- stand a thing thoroughly. i.i-i\ akass, f. kassd, pi. li^ kvss, dense ; with a dense beard. jii\ aksar, more numerous, more; — ^J aksariyy, frequent; aksar- iyy-an, mostly ; — h aksariyya-t, plurality, generality. ^\ aksam, stout, fleshy ; with a big belly wide. satiated : broad. i.s.«a^\ akhat, short. Js^^ akhal, having the eye-lashes black by nature or blackened with collyrium ; black-eyed ; black. (^^) akad, inf. akd, thresh corn ; — II. INF. ta'kid, strengthen, fortify ; — v. INF. ta'akkud, be strengthened, fortified, j^'^^ akddr, troubles, pi. of j>^ kadar. j'^^ akdar, f. kadrd', pi. kudr, troubled, turbid; al-akdar, tor- rent. ^^^\ ikzdb, detecting a lie, causing to lie ; proving one to be a liar. ■~'ii\ akzab, more lying, falser, more deceitful. 1^.)^^ ukzuba-t, pi. akdzib, lie. (j^^) akar, inf. akr, also v. inf. ta'akkur, dig the ground ; — » ukra-t, pi. ukar, well. \;f\ ikrd', hiring, renting, letting. vV^ ikrdb, haste, hurry ; afflict- iug, troubling. (•\;S\ ikrdm, honouring ; hospitable reception ; respect, reverence. 4«^\/\ ikrdmiya-t, a present in cash given to one in office. Mji\ ikrdh, disgust, aversion, horror, hatred. Vj^^ akrab, more sorrowful, in greater anxiety. V-~i'\ aksd' , back parts, pi. of (j~S kus'. jU-J\ iksdd, being dull, languid. C~^^ aksah, pi. kuhsdn, lame. •^~»^^ aksad, dull (market). 5~^^ aksa', having a white spot on the forehead (horse, &c.). tj~^^ aksa, better dressed or dress- ing (others) ; — i aksiya-t, dresses, pi. of ^—^ kisa. ^.t~J\ uks!d, oxyde (m.). ftr~^\ iksir, elixir, philosopher's stone. j-i^\ akiar, who shows his teeth. i-4-i^\ aksaf, f. kasfiV, pi. kusfdn, uncovered ; open ; (fighting) ,J^\ 69 /^ without shield or helmet ; avoid- ing the combat. C"*^^ ahsam, lynx ; injured. ^^ ak'd', pi., boasting and cowardly . (<_ii'\) II. akkaf, saddle; — ukuf, saddles, pi. of u\S\ ukuf, ikuf ; — akuff, pi. of '-^ kaff, palm of the hand ; — ii akiffa-t, livings, livelihoods, &c., pi. of i-i^sS" kafdf. ^\ akfa, pi. of ^ kafw, equal, &c., q.v. ; — ikfd', dissonance of vowels in a rhyme. ^\ akfah, black. j\jgs>i\ ikfihrdr, shining of the stars, and, by opj)Osition, darkness. (J^^) akal, V, INF. akl, ma'kal, IMP. kid, eat, consume ; — inf. ikla-t, ukdl, akdl, scratch ; gain ; — akil, INF. akdl, be eaten, cor- roded ; be scratched ; have an itching; — II. INF. ta'hll, ask one to eat ; to give much to eat, eat much ; — iii. inf. mu' dkala-t, ikdl, eat together with another, share in another's meal ; — iv. inf. i'kdl, give to eat, invite to eat ; sow discord ; bring forth fruit ; bring one in another's power ; — V. INF. ta'akkul, shine brightly; — v., viii. inf. i'tikdl, get corroded ; burst into a rage, fly into a passion ; — x. inf. isti'kdl, ask for something to eat ; ruin. J^\ akil, eating, corroding ; also dMl, pi. dkdl, tyrant, king; pi. akala-t, eating ; — ukl, ukul, food, victuals, livelihood ; pasture ; fruit ; goods of the world ; — ukl, prudence, intelligence ; solidity (of materials) ; — i akila-t, ikla-t, itching ; cancer, gangrene ; — akla-t, meal ; — akla-t, ukla-t, ikla-t, calumny ; — ukla-t, pi. iikal, morsel, mouthful ; — uka- la-t, hearty eater, glutton; — dkila-t, herd; cancer; — akilla-t, diadems, &c., pi. of (k^\ iklim. ^-^\ aklab, more like a dog. Un aklat, limping, halting. >-^\ aklaf, f. kalfd', pi. kulf, dark yellow, brown ; al-aklaf, lion ; al-kalfd', wine. J«l^\ iklil, pi. akdlil, akilla-t, front- let, circlet, diadem, crown ; the white of the eyes ; the flesh round the root of a nail ; the 27th sta- tion of the moon ; — i^ ikliliyy, the seam of the skull. (^i) akarti, pi. ikdm, dkdm, ukwm, ahum, chain of hills ; — i aka- ma-t, pi. akm, rising ground, hill, heap of stones ; — uMm, pass, be quite eaten up (pasture ground) ; — x. inf. isti'kdm, be hilly ; find a place soft (for sitting upon). ^\ akmd', pi. of j_5*^ kamiyy, armed from head to foot ; brave. JUi'\ ikmdl, completion, perfection- l«Ui\ aknidm, flower-sheaths, &c., pi. of ^ kimm ; — sleeves, pi. of (^ kumm. i}*^\ akmal, more or most perfect. /^\ akmah, born blind ; rich of herbs. f*^ akmu', mushrooms, truffles, pi. of ^ kam'. ^U^\ akndf, sides, tracts, &c., pi. of i-jji kanaf. (yU^\ akndn, veils, &c., pi. of i^ kinn. ^\ akinna-t, veils, coverings, &c., pi. of y^ kindn ; — ukna-t, nest. C^^\ akwdh, huts, &c., pi. of t^ kdh and tj^ kuh. •i^ji^\ akwdd, troops, squadrons, &c., pi. of J^ kaud; — heaps of earth, pi. of Sj^ kauda-t. j\/\ akwdz, cups, &c., pi. of )/ kuz. g^/\ akivd', wrists, pi. of £^ kd' and gj^ ku'. (,\)^\ akwdm, heaps of earth, &c., pi. of ^^ kuma-t, q.v. y-/\ aku's, cups, &c., pi. of y-^^ ka's ; — akwas, prettier, comp. of (j-^.^ kuwayyis. g/\ akwa', f. kau'd', having a /< 70 :j\ sprained wrist; having big ankles or knuckles. J^^ akul, gluttonous, voracious ; — aJcwal, elevated ; al-ahwal, rising of the ground ; — S akilla-t, fatted beast ; — uMla-t, bait. fi\ ilf ; — dldf and ci>US\ aldfdt, thousands, pi. of >-ii\ alf; — ulldf, companions, pi. of <-«J\ dlif. ^J''i\ aldqiyy, riddles, &c., pi. of ^'i\ ulqiyya-t. *£!S\ ulldk, those. J'i\ aldl, lie; — ildl, lances, pi. of ^\ alla-t. f>i\ al'am, rejoined (what was broken) ; — more to be blamed ; — dldm, pains, sorrows, pi. of f^i\ alam; — ildma='^ ^J^ Ha ■iiid, until when ; until. yS\ al-dn, now, at present. »S\ ildh, God, see i3\ ildh; — 6 uldha-t, divinity ; — ^ ildhiyy, f. » , divine. i\ ?i ^^ ^}\ ald'lf, pi. of >^\ alif, familiar, intimate. (s-J^) alab, I, u, inf. alh, assemble, gather together from all sides ; drive together; be driven to- gether ; collect ; hasten ; return ; rain continually ; — ii. iNr. ta'ltb, drive speedily along; incite to enmity ; — v. inf. ta'allub, as- semble (n.), gather together. s-J^ alh, urging ; instigating ; vivid afEeetion, sympathy ; violent heat ; fever-heat ; thirst ; first membrane of a healing wound ; skin ; poison ; stratagem ; — ill, span between thumb and fore- finger ; assembly ; a poisonous tree ; — 8 ulba-t, hunger. W5^ alibhd', pi. of s-W labib, clever, &c. v»W5^ alhdb, pi. of s-5 lubb, heart, mind, intellect ; — throats, &c., pi. of *3 ladis, fleshy. ii\ allaz, allazi, (^^\ allazi, f. u>^\ allat, allati, ^_^^ allatl, du. y\'i5\ allazdni, f. ^^^ allatdni, pi. (^^\ allathia, f. ij'^\ alldti, which, who ; — alazz, sweeter, more pleasant, more delightful ; — S alizza-t, people who live in enjoyment. (j5\) alaz, I, INF. alz, firmly adhere to (s-> hi) ; — aliz, inf. alaz, be agitated, disquieted, v^^ji^ iUdq, making to adhere, ce- menting, glueing ; attaching. ^\y\ ihdm, compulsion ; necessi- tating. (•jJ\ alzam, more or most neces- sary. y^\ alean, difficult, hard. (u-i\) alas, I, inf. als, betray ; deceive ; lie ; steal ; err, be of a wrong opinion ; — pass, be vio- lently agitated, in emotion ; — III, INF. 4~J^y» mu' dlasa-t, de- ceive ; betray ; — v. inf. ta' alius, feel pain ; be agitated. (j~J\ als, deceit, treachery, lie ; theft ; bad race ; corrupted state ; madness. (^\ alsan, pi. lusn, eloquent ; — alsun, « alsina-t, tongues, &c., pi. of y^ lisdn. ^J^\ alass, f. lassd', having some parts of the body (shoulders, teeth, &c.) too close together ; having a narrow forehead ; more thievish. ijcU\ alsds, robbers, pi. of ^ lafs, liss, luss. ^i^\ ilsdq, adhesion, iv. ((3-=S). S=S\ alatt, toothless, having bad teeth. y-M\ altaf, more lovely ; kinder, comp. of t-aJJ latif. \*i\ al'd', bones of the fingers. (jV-j<3\ ul'ubdn, who is fond of play, of game. ^ -(?< and awdlif, friend, companion ; — alaff, f. laffii\ pi. Z«/, impli- cated in difficult business, not equal to such ; awkward ; slow ; with, a heavy pronunciation ; densely populated ; thronged ; f . fleshy thigh ; — ii ilfa-t, female companion ; — ulfa-t, familiar intercourse. feU!\ alfilz, words, &c., pi. of ^ lafs. t-*Vi5\ alfi'if, densely grown trees, gardens with luxuriant vegeta- tion, pi. of Uil liff, laff. kt»a!\ alfat, f. laftiV, awkward ; stupid. i^^\ alfas, stupid ; foolish. -jU!^ alqdb, titles of honour, &l-., pi. of s-^ laqah. ^\ alaqa, irascible woman; shrew; — i ulqiyya-t, pi. aldqiyy, riddle, problem ; al-aldqiyy, calamities. («?.M^ alldijhi, pi. of tsJJ\ alla:i, which, who. o*^!^ , pi. f. which, who. c.aj^, yUU\, JJJ1 = ^^, &c., q.v. under ji^ . W^in allatayyd, calamity ; dim. of (_5'!U\ alldti, i. which, who. ii^\ alldh, God, see ii\ ildh. I^'i\ = l^\ a-lam, interrogative, nonne ? (also UJ^ a-lammd) ; — alani, pi. dldm, pain, grief ; (m.) irritation; passion; — aliin, dlim, feeling pain. ((»S^) alim, A, INF. alaiii, feel pain, ache ; — IV. inf. i'him, pain, cause pain; — v. inf. ta'allum, feel pain ; be irritated ; be re- vengeful ; grudge. i_yUi\ alnids, diamond. gUJ\ ilmd', shining ; cracking the fingers ; stealing. g^\ alma', having a vivid mind ; vivacious. ^_f-*^\ alma'iyy, vivacious ; liar ; — S alma'iyya-t, vivacity. (_5*3\ alma, f. lamijd, having dark red lips ; shady ; cold of spittle. Q^\ alanjaj, Ejas'^^^ alanjiij, aloe. oxi5\ alandad, quarreller ; screamer. (ii\) alah, inf. ildha-t, uhVia-t, uWiiyya-t, adore ; — alih, inf. alah, be perplexed, confused ; be very much afraid of {i_^ 'ala) ; seek help or refuge with (iji ila) ; — inf. alh, grant shelter or security to (ace.) ; — II. INF. ta'lth, deify a being ; make one a slave ; — iv. inf. i'ldh, help, rescue ; — v. inf. ta'alhih, adore. &J\,»J\ ildh, pi. dliha-t, god., divimtj; with art. i'^\ alldh, the one true 10 ii\ H J^ God ; iii\> U-'lluhi, -jy\ aldf, pi. uhif, very familiar ; — uhif', thousands, pi. of >-a5^ alf. ,3y\ alwaq, stupid. i*y\ aldqa-t, cream with dates ; butter. i£)y\ ali'ilc, messenger ; — uluh, » uh'ih-i-t, message. I«y\ alwain, more to be blamed ; — » alvma-t, vice ; abominations. it>^\ ulnka-t, 4-jfcy\ nhViiyya-t, divinity, divine essence. ^J\ ila, to, unto, until; — ily, llaii, pi. did', benefit ; — all ( J^ dl-in), f. ' , too weak, insufficient ; — aliyy, who takes many oaths, swears frequently; — » ahja-i, pi. alydf, aldyd', sheep with a rich tail; calf (of the leg); fleshy part of the hips; — aliy- yii-t, oath. tU3\ alydr, reeds, spears, &c., jil. of 4M llta-t. ii^\ alyas, pi. Z?s, strong, coura- geous. ij--^\ a-laisa, is not ? — alyas, pi. lis, courageous ; noble ; gene- rous ; lion ; strong and willing ; by opposition, cowardly ; not jealous. ^\ (V ?//(?(/, who pronounces badly; stupid. >-SrJ\ alif, yl. ald'if, intimate, fa- miliar; friend, companion. ^\ alyaq, more appropriate, fitter. J*i\ alil, grief of a mother at the loss of children ; ague, shivering from fever ; murmuring of water, &c. ; — alyal, f. laild, long and dark (night, lit. more of a night than another). ^\ alim, painful, aching. y^l\ alyan, softer, more delicate. J< 76 M U*J\ alijlniV, pi. of (^«5 laijyin, soft, &c. I»^ arre, or ? (in the second part of a question), or not ? yes, cer- tainly. ((>\) amm, tj, inf. amni, intend, strive after ; go towards a place ; repair to ; visit ; strike on the middle of the skull ; — inf. amm, imam, imnma-t, go in front, lead, give an example to others; command; — amm, for amim, inf. 'iini.ilma-t, be or become mother ; — inf. a ma m, be close together ; — ii. inf. ta'iiihu, ordain; — ii., v. inf. ta'ammum, intend ; — iii. inf. mu'ihunia, he clear, evident; be near ; aj^proaeh ; find fit, con- venient ; — V. consider as one's mother, take for . a mother ; make one's ablutions with earth instead of water ; — viii. inf. i'timam, intend; imitate; take for an example ; — x. inf. isti'milm, consider as one's mother, take for a mother ; take for a guide. f>\ am, or? JJi f^ am hal, or not':' yes, certainly ; — ammi, inten- tion ; — Ilium, pi. ummdt, lun- mahdt, mother ; du. iimmihi, mother and mother-in-law ; origin, first principle, prototype ; ummaluH, elements of created things ; nation ; species ; fre- quently in composition with other words, as : j^\c |«\ umm '((»mV, hyena ; (^)^\ (>\ ummu-'l- qur'dn, first chapter of the Koran; i^jS'^ |«^ ummu-'l-qura, Mecca, &c. ; — dm, see {f}^) ; — 6 ama-t, pi. a'm-in, dm'!, imd\ amawdt, amivdn, imivdn, umwdn, female slave ; — dma-t, rich harvest ; grass ; rain ; placenta ; — imma-t, favour, benefit ; rule of conduct ; kind ; form ; reli- gion ; leadership ; — umma-t, pi. umum, assembly, crowd ; nation, tribe, family ; partisans ; crea- tures ; Imam ; form, figure ; mother ; time, term ; obedience ; — dmma-t, broken skull. M a-7nd, is it not? or not? — cer- tainly, undoubtedly ; — (imiui'i, but, but as to; — immd, if; immd-immd, whether or ; — imd' , female slaves, pi. of ama-t. Ai'W imdta-t, killing, causing one's death. Ji^M imd s II, pi. of J-i^\ a III sal, most like the model, exemplary ; al-amdnl, the great ones. ■^W amdjid, pi. of ^a:-*^ aiiijad, nobler. j^jU\ amddUi, praises, noble deeds, pi. of A=.jJiA»\ iMlJlVllt-t. jW aiiidr, time or place of an ap- pointment, sign ; — iiiidr, order, decree, edict ; — aimndr, in- clined ; commanding ; dictatorial ; — » amara-t, power; sign; — imdra-t, government, power, dominion ; prefecture ; pi. imd- rdt, amdi'ir, signs, indications, way-marks. '^jW amdrid, pi. of ■if\ amrad, beardless. _)jW amdxir, pi. of y^" mazir, brave, &c. y-W dmds, yesterdays, pi. of ij-^\ ams. jcW amd'iz, _)*eW amd'lz, goats, &c., pi. of j^»*^ am'itz. ij^\ am'dq, dmdq, inner corners of the eyes, pi. of J^-* inu'q, milq; — dmdq, the same, pi. of iS^\ amq, umq. y^U\ amdJcin, places, habitations, &c., pi. of o^^ makdn. JU\ dindl, hopes, thoughts, pi. of J^\ amal ; — amdl-in, dictations, &c., pi. of W imld'; — » imdla-t, causing to incline ; pronunciation of d like e or /. y~SU\ amdlis (cimdlls), deserts, pi. of tr'*'^^ imJis. et~JU\ amdllt, pi. swift camels. f.U\ anuhn, before, in front ; — imam, pi. a'imma-f, leader, presi- dent ; title of the first Caliphs ; J-^ 76 A antistes ; sacred book ; higli road ; road to Mecca ; direction towards Mecca; example, model ; command of God ; plumb-line ; moderator ; school-task ; — » imdma-t, leadership, dignity of an Imam; — umdma-t, herd of 300 camels ; — ik imihniyya-t, the Shiites. y^"^ amdn, 'i amdna-i, security, protection ; safe-guard ; escort ; faith; — amdti, pardon, mercy; — ummdn-^^^\ ummiyy; con- fiding ; stupid ; peasant, farmer ; — antdn-iu, j_s iimditi, desires, fancies, pi. of &~^\ immiyya-t ; — umdniyy, deposit ;—S amdna-t, deposit, truss. (o-^\) amat, i, inf. amt, guess or try to determine the number or quantity ; intend ; be crooked ; slope ; be elevated ; — ii. inf. ta'min, determine the number or quantity. u>^\ amt, pi. umut, dmdt, uneven, crooked ; rising of the ground ; difference of opinion, doubt. J\jb:.*\ imtisdl, obedience, comply- ing -with. t)W~*\ imtihdn, examination. j\xi*\ imfiddd, extension, protrac- tion, prolongation; ductility. ^\y^\ imtizdj, mixture, conjunction, intercourse; constitution of body and niind. i*xA amti'o-t, goods, &c., \A. of g^ matd'. !Xx»\ imiild' , fill, indigestion, oppres- sion of the stomach. gbjw\ imtind', hindrance, refusal, abstinence. yUi*\ imtindn, obligation, favour received. jLi*^ imtiydz, distinguishing, dis- tinction ; pireference ; jn-c-cmi- nence ; privilege. ^\xA itmsdl, fables, proverbs, &<■., pi. of J^ masal. Ji^\ amml, f. mvda, pi. aiudiiil, more closely approaching the original, more like the model ; exemplary; al-amdsU, the great ones ; grandees ; — » amsila-t, similitudes, types, models, &c., pi. of JVi< misdl. iiji^\ umstda-t, example, quotation, sentence ; school-task. (er*^) amaj, i, inf. anij, walk very quickly ; — amij, A, inf. amaj, be very hot ; be thirsty. ^\ amaj, very hot ; heat ; thirst. •^!^^ amjad', pi. J^^^ amdjid, nobler; more illustrious; more celebrated. (c^^) amah, inf. amahdn, cause a throbbing pain. W»\ immihhd, getting effaced. jV.^/«\ innnihdq, calamity. (jaat"^ aiiilias, easily pacified. (3a:'^^ ainhaq, who has no good luck; small. 4^^j&/»\ umhiida-i, unselfish advice ; admonition of a true friend. {■^X) amad, be finished, be deter- minated ; — amid, A, inf. amad, be angry with (jj^ 'ala) ; — ii. fix a term ; — viii. agree with each other about a term. ^ amad, anger ; end, term ; limit ; death ; goal of a race- course ; — ■ amid, full, loaded (ship) ; — aiiiadd, more ex- tended. o\^ iiiiddd, help, succour (in troops, money, &c.) ; subsidies. d=.^A.»\ umdi'iha-t, pi. amddi/i, praise ; praiseworthy deed. Oj^ umdud, habit ; custom ; manner. h'^'^ amdiya-i, watering-places, pi. of t5.x» madiyy. (/*\) amar, v, inf. amr, imdi; dmira-f, imp. mitr, dmui; order, command; — amir. A, inf. imd- ra-t, be or become a leader, prince; — amir, a, inf. amar, amara-t, be plentiful and per- fect ; have many cattle ; be hard, difficult; — ii. inf. ta' mlr, make one a prince ; mark (by branding) ; mark out the boun- daries ; place the iron on a lance ; ;-\ 77 J^\ — III. INF. mu'dmara-t, x. inf. isti'mdr, consult ; — iv. inf. i'mM', order, command ; increase one's children and cattle (G-od) ; — v. INF. ta'ammm; consult ; exercise dominion ; — vi. inf. ta'dmur, consult each other ; — viii. inf. i'timtlr, receive an order. f\ amr, pi. awctmir, order, edict ; IMP. power, dominion ; — pi. umnr, matter, business, case, affair ; — imr, y&cj dif&cult, important ; wonderful case ; — amir, commander ; God ; Maho- met ; numerous, complete ; Mu- harram ; — amarr, f. miirra, more bitter, comp. of y inurr ; al-amarrun, old age and po- verty ; f . al-murraydn, worm- wood and coloquintida ; — amarr, firmer, comp. of ;»/• marir ; — imra',imru',i. S imra' a-t,imrii' a-t, man ; wolf ; — ii amara-t, stone to mark the road; — a »ira-i, com- mand, power, dominion ; — im- ra-t, dominion by a substitute ; increase of fortune ; administra- tion of a fortune ; expenditure ; — dmira-t, pi. awdmir, order, command. \f\ umard', chiefs, princes, &c., pi. of yi^\ amtr ; — ii imra'a-t, imrdt, woman. j\/'\ amrdr, pi. of f murr, bitter, &c. ; — pi. of S/» mirra-t, vigour, power, intelligence, &c. (jo\^\ amrdd, diseases, &c., pi. of ijc/* marad ; — immirdd, weak- ness. ^y\ amrd', pi. of 5!;'* mari', abounding in herbs and water. o\/«\ amrdq, spikes (of corn). ■^y\ amrad, f. mardd', pi. miird, beardless ; covered with down ; hairless ; leafless. ty»\ amrat, pi. murt, mirata-t, hairless ; featherless (arrow) ; thief. gy»\ amru', pi. of jSj-* marl', abounding in herbs and water. tjA imnC, man. ^if} umru'a-i, pi. amdri.', land yielding abundant fruit and pastures. ijy\ imra'iyy, manly, manful ; — ii amri'a-t, pi. of ^s/* mari', ali- mentary canal. ii"f-'\y\ imzuja-t, bodily constitution ; temper. ^•y\ anwija-t, mixtures, constitu- tions, &c., pi. of eV ""'«^'V- U~^* ams, pi. dmus, dmus, dm fig, yesterday; time just past ; ams- in, hi-'l-ams-i, al-ams-a, yester- day, just now ; (_r~»\ ,_5~-» musya ams-in, last night ; — amass, more ; principal. ^\ — *\ imsdk, parsimony, avarice; (m.) withholding ; abstinence ; abstemiousness. (r^ amsah, more stupid ; more tasteless. "^1 — *^ amaila-t, channels, gutters, pi. of J — >» masal. t)-^ umsuh, plank, board. ts-~^^ imsiyy, of yesterday ; — i umsiyya-t, yesterday's evening. gUurf^ amsdj, mixtures, pi. of g~^ masaj, masij ; — j)l. of q<~^ luaiiij, mixed, mixtures. tU-»\ amiidt, combs, pi. of SaA/* must, &c. j;la/»\ Immisdh, weaning of a child ; — imsilh, pushing forth leaves. jU.*\ amsdr, large cities, &c., pi. of y misr. ^^\ amsah, declining and disap- pearing (shadow). bXaA amsida-t, highest summits, pi. oLm masdd. iyeA amsira-t, pi. of jt-^^ masir, gut, intestine. ((jiw^) amid. A, inf. amad, persist in spite of objections, remon- strances, &c. ; talk otherwise than one thinks ; dissimulate. U/«^ imdd\ sealing ; execution ; (m.) signature ; subscription. ^j^\ amda, passing more quickly ; more penetrating ; more acute ; more effectual, u ?8 ^\ ^\ amtd', beasts of burden, &c., pi. of itJa/* matiyya-t ; — pi. of ^ mat-an, matd, and jW» matw, q.v. j^\ amtdr, rains, pi. of ^ matar ; — imtdr, causing to rain. (5^^) amma', immil', 'i imma'-t, stupid, dull ; weak of character and without opinion of one's own ; parasite ; — v., x. be or become stupid, &c. '<*A am'd', intestines, bowels, pi. of I,;** ma'y, mi'an. (j^^ am'dq, pi. (J.cW amd'iq (amil'iq), borders of the desert. ij^xA hn'ihi, guarding carefully ; looking intently. ^"^ am'at, f. ma'td', pi. lu'ut, hairless (wolf) ; bare (ground) ; thief. t^*^\ am'ttz, pi. amd'iz, amd'h, goat; troop of gazelles. v>*^ amq, umq, pi. dmdq, inner corner of the eye. \^\ amhd', burrows of hares or foxes, pi. of ^^ mahw. y\^\ imlcdn, possibility ; — (^ im- ^tmij/y, possible; — himlinniyija-t, possibility. j^\ amlcar, more cunning. li^>^\ amki'im-t, places, dwellings, &o., pi. of Q}^ mahhi. (J^^) amal, tr, inf. ami, impe, hope for ; — amul, inf. amdla-t, have an oval face ; — 11. inf. ta'mil, hope greatly ; cause to hope ; — V. inf. ta'ammul, look long and attentively ; meditate ; think of ((^ mill) . J^\ amal, pi. dmdl, hope ; pi. thoughts; — anil, imJ, hope; — mnul, sand-hills, pi. of J«.»\ amU; — » amala-f, pi. defenders ; iinla-t, hope ; — amihi-f, tears, lamentations. W amid', quantities which fill up, Ac, pi. of '^ miihV, mil'; — imhV, pi. amdl-iii, amdlt, dicta- tion, writing ; orthography ; filling up ; completing. eW imldj, 6 imidja-t, sucking. C^^ amldh, salts, &c., pi. of ^ milh ; — pi. of f-rJL* malih, hand- some, fine, good, &c. (joW immilds, escaping ; being rescued; vii. of (tr-l^) ; — imlds, , twilight of the morning. j!U\ imldq, poverty. •^"M amlVc, goods, riches, &c., pi. of udU milk, mulk ; — imldJc, giving in marriage. JW imldl, dictation ; annoying ; annoyance. ^\ amlaj, yellow, fading ; bare desert; poor. ^\ amlah, f. malhu' , spotted black and white ; blue-eyed ; steel- coloured (f. troop of armed men seen from a distance) ; white (with snow, hoar frost) ; — hand- somer, &c., comp. of f-sl" malih. ■^'^ amlad, f. maldd', tender, supple, flexible ; — umlud, o'i umluddn, ^^\ timluddniyy, same meaning. ^M amlaz, insincere. er-^^ amlas, f. ma?«((, smooth ; short- haired ; without knots ; flowing down easily (wine) ; by opposi- tion, toilsome ; see \~^ . ij^^ (imluf, smooth and slippery; short-haired ; bald. ^^ amJaij, lascivious (speech). «^^^ ajiilal-, who or what pos- sesses most, holds fastest, binds strongest. ^>^\ (umlilt), pi. c:,^JU\ amdlH. swift camels. ^•^\ innhUa-f, pi. amdlih, wit, elegance. >iJ^^ umh'il-, pi. possessors ; kings of Hiniyar. eU«l-\ imlijdj, ])ushing teeth. ■i^\ ?'iii/;d=AU\ amlad •, = ^j-^\^\ imlia, bare desert. yo4^^ imlis, swift, speedy. I*^\ amam, in moderate distance; small, unimportant ; middle ; — vmam, nations, Ac, pi. of M umiua-i. (^\ 79 o-^ ((^\) aman, trust (^^J^ 'ala) ; — amin, a, inf. amm, amdn, aman, amana-t, imn, be safe, fearless (y-* wiiw) ; consider one's self safe ; repair to {^J\ ila) for protection ; trust a person (ace.) with anything (^^J^ 'ala, -r> hi) ; — II., VIII., X. confide in (ace.) ; trust with ; II. say " Amen " ; — IV. believe a person ; believe in God, accept His law ; trust ; trust with ; encourage, afford security, protect against {t_^ 'ala, (j^ min) ; show submission to (J li) ; — V. entirely rely upon {^Js^ 'ala) ; — x., ii. ask for protection. (^\ amn, aman, security, safety ; trustworthiness, fidelity ; — amin, safe ; seeking security ; — aman, what is best ; — dmin, safe ; trustworthy ; — imn, inf. of (l^\) ; — amn-in, see ^y^A amni ; — ii amana-t, trustworthiness, fidelity ; — also amina-t, iimana-t, dmina-t, faithful, trustworthy person. U/»\ amnd', pi. of Vx* inan-nu, ma iid, weight of about two pounds ; — umand, pi. of t)««^ amin, faith- ful, &c., q.v. ^U«\ amndn, pi. of y^ mann, weight of two pounds ; — imndn, weaken- ing, IV. of ((^). gi»\ amna', inaccessible, impreg- nable. f^\ amni, pi. of ^ man-an, mand, weight of two pounds ; — » inu- niyya-t, pi. nmdn-in, amdn'i, de- sire, fancy. (&»\) amah, u, inf. amh, promise by contract, stipulate ; prescribe ; recommend ; pass, be mad, fool- ish ; — amih, a, inf. amah, for- get ; avow, confess ; have an eruption (of the skin) ; — ii. madden; — v. make a compact; take for a wife. &4t\ amah, oblivion ; the created things ; — i zimmaha-t, mother. inait, mayyit ; waves, pi. of sy uuW*^ ummahdt, mothers, Ac, pi. of (t\ umm. JW^\ imhdl, delay, respite ; pro- longation ; prorogation. g8^\ umhvj, t)V^,g«\ umhujdn, thin (of a liquid) . 'i^^\ amhida-t, beds, &c., pi. of JVfl^ mihdd. ^\ amhar, more clever, comp. of ysiVrf nidhir. ■ij^\ umhud, hole in the ground, pit. {y\) aind, u, inf. imd,' mew ; — amd and f_^\ ami, }A amii, inf. U)iiuw- wa-t, become a (female) slave ; — II. make a (female) slave ; — v., X. buy a (female) slave ; — ii amv:a-t-=^i^\ ama-t, female slave. ijiAyA amaivdt, female slaves, pi. of &A ama-t; — amwdt, dead bodies, Ac, pi. of ancestors. s\j<*\ amwdj, mauj. J\^^ amivdl, riches, possessions, &c., pi. of J^-* mdl. (^\y\ amwdn, &c., female slaves, pi. of i-A ama-t. ii\y\ amwdh, waters, pi. of U md' ; — imtvdh, having much water ; raining heavily, iv. of (*y*). uLijA umiU, pi. of ct^'»\ amt, uneven, Ac, q.v. )4rf\ aini'ir, commanding; — umitr, pi. of j"^ amr, thing, affair, &c. ^_y>y\ dmus, yesterdays, pi. of fj~A ams. &rfy»\ umiuiia-t, maternity, mother- hood. (^y\ amiin, pi. umun, trustworthy. ijA amwah, better provided with water. ^^yA amawiyy, referring or belong- ing to a female slave. l>,yA amuya-i, drink, beverage ; — river Oxus. ^\ ami, female slaves, pi. of iA ama-t ; — ummdyy, motherly, maternal; uncultivated, unedu- cated, ignorant ; idle ; idiot ; — i uma]iya-t, little (female) slave j A 80 U\ the family JJmayya-t ; — um- miyya-t, maternity, motherhood. jtA amir, pi. umarcV, leader, prince, Emir ; — y»>.j.-^*!\ yuA amiru-'l-mihnmin-a, commander of the faithful, Caliph ; ja»!\ ^\ amiru-'l-bahr-i, admiral ; yt^A )^\ amir ahor, mir ahor, equerry ; X^^ y~A amir sil<1h, arm-bearer of the king ; — is amlra-t, princess, mistress ; — ^ amiriyij, princely; — abbreviated i£jt^ m iriyy, fisc ; public exchequer. yuA amyaz, more or most dis- tinguished. J-'*^ amil, pi. umul, sand-mountain a mile broad and a day's journey long ; — amyal, inclined. gls^^ umailih, very pretty. &*i.*\ umaima-t, little mother, mother dear. ;^*/»\ amin, pi. umaiiiV, faithful ; trustworthy ; confident ; mini- ster ; safe, secure ; proper name ; — amin, amin, be it so ! Amen ! — oflBcial, prefect. i«*»\ amyah, better j)roTided with water. (^\ an, that, lest ; y\ ^^\ ila an, until; t)^ ij^ 'ala an, under condition that, providing that ; y\ Ui lammd an, after ; also for y\ an7ia : y^^ ha-an, as if, aS li-an, because; — in, if; ^ o^ in lam, if not ; unless ; except ; — m=U« mii, not ; — an, pi. ihvdn, time, moment ; al-un, now, at present ; — dn-in, see ^_5>\ dni ; — anna, that, because, since ; o^ i^ '^^ anna, so that ; (jS li-anna, for, since ; j\ . . . y^ , whether. . .or; — inna,(^'^fa-inna, ii\ inna-hu, iJ^ fa-iniia-hu, truly , indeed, certainly ; with sulfixes : ^yj\ inna-ni, ^J\ inni, truly, I ; ^\ mwa, truly, we, &c. ; — inna-hu, so it is; yes; — inna-md, how- ever, yet ; only that ; — » anna-f, sigh ; — dnna-t, sighing. ((j^) ann, I, inf. ann, anin, tmdn, to' ;w«, groan; — inf. n?i/(, pom- out ; = i^ 'ann, appear, be visible ; — II., V. be pleased with any- thing (ace). \i\ and, I; — innd, see under y^ ; — annd = ^J\ anna, wherever ? where ? how ? — an-an, inan, highest degree, completion, ripeness, maturity ; — and', time ; ripeness, maturity; completion; hindrance ; — ind', pi. dniya-t, pi. pi. (j^;\ awdn-in, ij»V «'.'-«»'"' vessel; — dnd', proper times, &c., pi. of ij^ anan ; — ' andt, expectation ; delay ; patience ; modesty ; awkward woman. ^\i\ and}), jujube; — ?7i«6, substi- tution ; repentance, &c., iv. of (vy). i-iwV>\ andhitia-i, sergeants, jil. of ^j>\^\ on-bdsi (Turk.). *^53U\ andbib, knots in a cane, &c., pi. of vj^j^ amhi'ib, q.v. ^G\ andbir, magazines, itc, pi. of jLi^ ambdr. ^^\j\ andbis, torn out (roots or trees), pi. of J^y^^ ambus. uL,'^\ inds, (_5»^\ andsa, women, pi. of ,_jiJ\ «/(«(. ^\i\ andjir, anchors, &c., pi. of fr\ anjar. P^\j\ andjir, roofs, pi. of ;W=^ anjdr. J-=-l>\ andjiJ, gospels, pi. of Je=^^ avjii. _)JU\ anddir, threshing-floors, &c., pi. of j-^^ andai-, q.v. jojU^ anddid, pi. scattered persons. S)U\ indra-t, enlightening, illumin- ing. fj^\i\ ands, men, pi. of y^ — >\ insdn; — dnds and i,;-^^ andfiyy, men, &c., pi. of (_s— j\ iusiyy, q.v. *«.\i\ andsim, pi. men, mankind. A~s»U\ andsid, poetical recitals, Ac, pi. of 6J^) unsi'ida-t. ^jB\i\ andf-in, ,j-=Vj\ andsi, the most select parts, &c., pi. of is«a nasiyya-t. f\i\ andfib, pi. road- or land* marks. \i\ 81 <^\ (ji^^^ anil tali, Anatolia, Asia Minor. ^stU^ anitztm, pi. of f^ nizdm, constitution, &c., q.v. fr*^'^^ and'hn, herds of cattle, &c., pi. of f^ na'am. •~i^\ dni1f, noses, &c., pi. of <-AJ\ anf. gj^\ andjih, stomaclis of sheep or goats, ^ ndh. (s-jl) II. annab, scold, treat roughly ; repel. W>^ anihd', news, tidings, Ac, pi. of W» naha' ; — prophets, pi. of ^_Jfi nabiyy ; — imbd', communicating, giving intelligence. j^\ anibdr, pi. andbir, magazine ; granary ; deck of a ship (Pers.). i_s^WM on-hdsi, pi. andbis'a-t, ser- geant (Turk.). tW*^ ambdt, the Nabatheans. >T-«j\ unibub:^'~>^\ umbiib. uuUi.j\ imbitdt, break, cut. ksjVa-j^ ambajdt, pi. jams ; sweet medicines. ^>\ ambah, rough, hard ; cruel ; impure (colour) ; heaped up ; f . nabhd', pi. ndbdha, heap of earth. yVis«J^ ambahdn, dough of bad flour. iX)i\ ambiza-t, pi. of i^ nabiz, wine. y~*i\ ambas, severe. I=\ — J\ inibisdt, joy, gladness ; recre- ation; iinreserve. «"^^ imbi'ds, sending, mission. J.tj\ ambal, a better arrow-shooter ; more clever. v"^^ anibilb, » amhuba-t, pi. andbib, knot in a cane, part of a cane between two knots ; pipe, tube ; flute. \J'>}^\ umhus, f)l. andbis, torn out root or tree. W^ ambiyd', prophets, &c., pi. of 1^ nabiyy. (3*^^ ambiq, csW^ ambik, alembic. (ctj\) anat, i, inf. anit, groan, sigh ; envy ; determine the quantity, measure ; be blunt. ct^\ anta, f. anti, thou. e^\ intdj, the time of giving birth ; producing as a conse- quence ; drawing an inference. t)V.sj^ intdn, stench. iV^\ iniibdh, awakening ; vigilance ; attention ; circumspection. ^\S^\ intisdr, being scattered, dis- persed ; falling of the leaves. i_>Va-sj\ intijdb, choice, election. ij-Va,;u^ intijds, soiling, polluting. w>Ur^\ intihdb, lamentation. j^aa^^ intihdr, suicide. JWi\ intihdl, plagiarism, literary theft. ^:&^\ intihd', haughtiness ; (m.) defiance. k_>U,-jl intihdb, choice; high calling; selection ; predestination. yoV^iij^ intihds, dwindling away. J^a^sj\ intihdl, filtering, percolat- ing. \juj\ iniicW, appointment; inter- view ; rendezvous. w>\juj\ intiddh, call, calling upon, summoning ; invitation ; giving the preference. ^^\ intizdr, vow. \-y!i\ intizd', wish, desire. g\ji>\ intizd', putting off; pulling out ; taking away ; (m.) being spoiled (engine, watch). L-ja\ intisd', being forgotten ; 11 «^\ 82 -i\ retreat, migrating to other pastures. >_jU_sj\ intisdb, derivation of descent, genealogy ; reference. jL^^ intisdh, being copied ; being abolished, annulled, effaced. jU~x»\ mi(S((r, reopening of a wound; being torn to pieces. \'i-:ti\ intisa , beginning ; growing ; smelling. SjUi;;i\ intisdb, being taken hold of, taken prisoner ; being impli- cated. ^\.i^\ intisiir, spreading ; publish- ing ; divulging; yUj.S\ _jUuji\ inti- sdru-'l-imdn-i, propaganda. wjU;;j\ intisdb, being planted, raised ; pronouncing a word with fatha (accusative, sub- junctive). cllxj\ intisdh, accepting an advice. ^Uxj^ intisdr, victory ; triumph ; revenge. ,^\.<^\ intisdf, equity ; claiming or obtaining justice. cUsi^ intiddh, sprinkling; baptism. jUiSj\ intizdr, waiting for, expecta- tion. j.Us;a\ iniizdm, order ; arrange- ment. vijU;^^ inti'df, qualification by an attribute. JiUii\ inti'ds, revival. JU;;}^ i)iti'dl, being shoed. ^Jixi\ intifd', banishment ; ruin ; destruction. t\i^\ intifdh, being or becoming inflated; pride; swelling. ji.Vtts3\ intifds, standing on end (of the hair), ruffling (feathers) ; (m.) being swollen. l\k;i\ intifd', deriving a profit; advantage. U^\ intiqd', choice, election. ^^Aii\ intiqdb, veiling. JUxi^ iiiUqd:, rescue, delivery. ^_^UsA intiqds, diminution ; de- crease ; decay ; loss of one's honour. ^\a^\ intiqdd, overthrow ; down- fall ; abolition ; (m.) being copied. g\a:i\ intiqd', solution, dissolving by a fluid ; maceration. J^a;a\ intiqdl, removal; emigra- tion ; death ; transport ; being copied ; (m.) assumption of the Holy Virgin. j«V£;i\ intiqdm, revenge ; vindictlve- ness. »VSij\ intiqdh, recovery. ^^\ intikd', receiving payment of a debt ; (m.) violent rage. y-^^\ intihds, turning upside-down ; relapse. <_*!\s>\ intildf, ruin, j)erdition, de- struction. I>^\ antum, you ; V*Ji\ antumd, both of you. U^\ intinuV, being related with, claiming relationship with. W^\ intihii', end, termination, the last. k_>V9^\ intiJidb, jilundering, pillag- ing, spoil. j\^\ intihdr, driving away with scolding ; scolding, reproach ; — bleeding ; diarrhoea. jW=a\ intihdz, watching and seizing an ojjportunity. fc_)Uxj\ intiydb, concerning ; (one's) turn ; repetition ; succession. ^Vs^^ intiyds, touching, feeling or seizing with the hand. oW^^ intiydq, choice, election. (ij-o\) anus, be soft ; — ii. put into the feminine gender ; ef- feminate ; — II., V. flatter or caress in the fashion of women ; — IV. bring forth a female ; — v. be feminine ; flatter or caress. ^i^^ dnis, soft, delicate ; feminine ; — Mwws, women, pi. of ^\ unsa. ^ij\ insd', abuse, invective. gUi\ insd', vomiting ; bleeding. f,\^\ insiiudm, recovery ; weak- ness ; melting (n.), consuming o^^ unsa, pi. nniis, inds, andsd, woman ; female ; inanimate ob- ject. i\ 83 ^\ (e*^) anaj, i, enter. W^ inja, rescue ; salvation ; de- livery. vW^^ anjdb, pi. of s-^«^ najih, of noble descent, &c. ; — injcib, being noble, higb-minded, gene- rous ; begetting an excellent son. cW^^ injdh, succeeding ; accom- plishing. jW*^ anjdd, helps, victories, pi. of •^ najd ; — injdd, assistance. jM^ injdr, roof. jW^^ injdz, despatching ; fulfilling ; keeping a promise. y-V^ anjds, pi. of {j^^ najs, najis, &c., impure, polluted; — injds, polluting ; desecration. <-*W^\ anjdf, pi. threshold ; lintel. f>W-^ anjdm, heavenly bodies, stars, &c., pi. of ^=F najni ; — injdm, rise, apparition. jW\ injibdr, setting a broken bone. <4;W\ injibdriyy, of small means or talents (m.). ^\ iiijak, more successful, comp. of 2^^ Tiajih and ^^ najih. ^\i=^ injizdb, attraction ; allure- ment ; inclination ; affection. fr\ anjar, pi. andjir, anchor ; a flat dish ; — s anjura-t, nettle (Pers.). j^}^\ injirdr, extension ; extent ; wearisomeness, ennui, (j-«v\ anjas, very dirty, impure, more polluted. g==*\ anja', more salutary, comp. of 59==^ naji'. ^}\Ji=r\ injifdl, emigration, disap- pearance. J==*\ anjal, f. najkV, pi. nujl, nijdl, with large well-split eyes ; caus- ing a large v?ound ; broad ; spa- cious. ^\ injild', appearance ; splendour ; revelation ; disappearance. ^\ anjam, having a spot on the forehead (horse) ; — anjum, hea- venly bodies, &c., pi. of ^t najm. jU=s\ injimdd, freezing, curdling, congelation. gW^ injimd', assembling, as- sembly. e^\ anjilj, aloe-wood. tS)^!r^ aiijilriyy, from Angora. ^)'¥^\ anji'ik, marjoram. %===\ anjuya-t, anchovy. Ja^^ anjil, pi. andjil, gospel ; — ^^ anjiliyy, evangelical ; evangelist. ^W^ anjiya-t, pi. of ^j^* najiyy, who has knowledge of a thing, accessory ; mystery. (c'^) anah, i, inf. anh, unilh, anih, breathe heavily ; sigh. ^5^ dnih, pi. imnah, breathing heavily ; sighing ; miserly, ava- ricious. '^=A anhd', sides, directions, ten- dencies, purposes, &c., pi. of f=^ nahw, q.v. ^•^=^\ inhiddr, descending, alight- ing ; the rolling of a ship. i-»\;!='^ inhirdf, inclination, declina- tion (astron.) ; deflexion ; change ; distemper. jl.as'^ inhisdr, being besieged, blockaded. L\,!s=;\ inhitdt, descending. w2=^\ anhaf, thinner, comp. of <.Js=^ nahif. Jli=^\ inhildl, solution ; chemical analysis ; unbinding. U=;\ inhind', bending, inflection ; bow, obeisance. '-r-i=>\ anhab, more timorous. ^\ anha', more contemptible. \isf\ inhifd', hiding, concealing one's self. ^\ai^\ inhifdd, putting in the oblique case, pronouncing with Tcasra-t. iaiA anhifa-t, boots, pi. of i-*^" nihdf. ^^\' inhild', being removed ; up- rooting ; abdication ; (m.) relaxa- tion of the joints. ,^\^s)\ inhinds, flexibility. j>>\ anadd, who flies, escapes more frequently. ^\ 84 (j~j^ \'Ai^ andd', humidities, &c., pi. of O'^ nad-Mi, nada, ■^\'^\ anddd, antitypes, counter- parts, &c., 1)1. of Jj nidd, q.v. ; — indild, dispersing, separating. t^.'^\ indihdg, being tanned. t'^>^ midah, stupid ; who does not talk. ^■^\ andar, pi. unddir, threshing- floor ; melody accompanying the threshing of corn, &c. ; heap of corn ; name of a town in Syria ; — rarer, rarest, comp. of ^-^^i nddir. ij^\jM\ indirds, obliteration, eras- ing. 0})'^^ andarfm, young folks. tsjJj^ andariyy, thick rope ; from Andar. VcA>\ indi'd', accepting an invita- tion. gUjj\ indifd', being refused, re- pelled. (jVejj\ iiidifdn, being interred. JSaj\ indildl, being led, guided. ij-J-iJ^ andalus, Spain ; — ^^ anda- lusiyy, Spain, Spanish. ff^\ andam, more or most repent- ing. JUjo\ indimdl, scarification ; sup- puration. ^^^\ anda, more liberal ; carrying farther; — * oHcZij/a-i, humidities, &c., pi. of v^Jj nad-an, nada ; — pi. of i^^ nadiyy, humid, fresh, &c. i-i^Jj^ andiia-t, lace, galloon (m.). ^ii\ inzdr, warning, admonition ; hint. ^\y\ inzdl, divine revelation. jSy^ inzildq, gliding, slipping. gyl anza', bald on the temples. S^j>\ inzi'dj, agitation, emotion, fear. J^^y\ inziwdl, being separated. ((j«j^) anis, A, INF. anas, anasa-t ; — anas, inf. ans, uns, be accus- tomed, become familiar with (^J\ ila) ; have familiar intercourse with (s-> hi) ; — ii. inf. ta'nU, accustom (a.), render familiar; tame; see; — iii, inf. mu'dnasa-t, have familiar intercourse with (ace), be accustomed to ; be social, polite; — iv. inf. hids, render familiar, social ; see ; perceive, contemplate ; know, learn ; feel, experience, hear ; (m.) cheer by society, entertain pleasantly ; — v. inf. ta'annus, become familiar, accustomed (sj hi); be social; grow tame; become acquainted ; become man (God) ; — X. INF. isti'nds, become social, familiar, tame, accustomed ; be social, converse familiarly ; be- come aware of the presence of man (wild beast) ; see accurately, regard attentively ; inquire ; ask permission. (j~n anas, pi. dnds, familiar, joined in friendship ; society of people living together ; mankind ; inter- course ; — ins, mankind ; man in his social state, a social person ; companion; friend; — unus, pi. of (j-y\ anils, tame ; — uns, social life, sociability; familiarity, affa- bility, politeness ; — dims, more familiar, dearer ; more cheerful ; — 5 dnisa-t, f. compatible; good- natured. ^— j^ ansa', nerves or sinews of the hips, &c., pi. of ^ nas-an, nasa ; — insd', prolongation, respite. »_>L-j\ ansdb, origins, &c., pi. of s- — > nasab. (j\~i\ insdn, pi. unds, nds, man ((:^s*5^ (jV~>\ insdnu-'l-'ain-i, the pupil of the eye, pi. andsiyy) ; human shadow; flesh of the finger-tips; summit, elevation; unsown land ; — i insdna-t, wo- man ; — (^ iiisdniyy, human ; — h insdniyya-t, human nature ; hunianity ; humaneness ; ur- banity ; politeness. v~~J^ ansah, fitter, more appro- priate ; more convenient, agree- able ; f. nashd', a very near female relative. u-^\ 85 ^\ W~j\ ansibd', pi. of >-r-->~J nasih, related by blood, &c. ts)U-_i\ insibuJc, melting (n.). J^,a<~>\ insihdl, richness of style. 5^x~i^ insiddj, lying on one's belly or face. j;\x-j\ insiddh, lying on the back. oU~J\ insiddd, being locked, shut, sto{)ped. j\j-j\ insirdq, weakness of the limbs. >_j^iLj^ iksihdh, being shed, spilt, poured out. zX^\ insildh, being skinned, flayed ; endiog of the month. u~>^ insiyy, pi. ilnds, andsiyy, man ; what is turned towards man, the inner side ; any double member. ^^ insd', creating, inventing ; composing a letter, &c. ; word- ing ; diction ; letter - writer (book). olij\ insdd, recital, recitation. resuscitation of the jUi^ tnsdr, dead. j_j}Uj\ msd'iyy, productive ; refer- ring to the wording. cijU/ij\ insitdt, dispersion, separa- tion. j;\yii\ insirdh, gladness, cheerful- ness. w>\*^\ insi'db, splitting, ramifica- tion, ^jUaj\ insiqdq, being divided, split ; schism. 6jyio\ unmda-t, pi. andstd, poetical recital ; poem, hymn. 6^jAS\ unmta-t, noose. ^\ ansa', the most select parts, &c., pi. of *<-=> nasiyya-t. ui:\m>\ insdt, silence ; listening. j^\ ansdr, helpers, Ac, pi. of ;-<=^ ndsir, _;«-=» nasir. ,_jLa^ insaf, equity, justice. W-oj\ ansibd', ^^\ ansiba-t, portions, Ac, pi. of s-^ nasib. ^jlj-oj\ insibdb, being poured out ; flowing into the sea; running, careering. g\^\ insibdg, being dyed ; baptism. )^\ atisar, uncircumcised. C^j-"^ insirdh, clearness ; openness ; open declaration. )\y^\ inslrdr, jiacking up. ^\]^\ imirdf, departure; leave; declension and conjugation. 5^^ ansa', purer. •-^^^ ansaf, more equitable ; juster. c!^-=»^ insildh, reconciliation ; pacifi- cation ; emendation. gV-«sj\ insiydcj, fashioning. (t/'^) anad, r, inf. anul, be foul, corrupt (meat); — anud, inf. andda-t, be badly done (in cook- ing), be half raw; — iv. under- do (the meat). ij^\ anadd, less ; leaner, comp. of (j4*-=» nadtd ; — very rich ; — » anidda-t, pi. of ^i-i~a> nadida-i, little rain, thirst, &c. '^\ andd', pi. of yii nidw, emaciated and weak, &c. ; — indd', emaci- ating and weakening. gUii^ i7iddj, digestion ; over-cook- ing. jUaj\ anddd, carpets placed one on the top of the other, &c., pi. of •i-ij nadad, q.v. }^\ andar, beautiful and splendid ; more splendid ; purest gold or silver; — andur, pi. of j-aJ nadr, gold, silver ; greening, bloom- ing. \j^\ indird', being slaughtered, killed ; dying off. ^\*ji\ indimdm, uniting, conjunc- tion ; meeting ; addition ; col- lection ; coercing. i^\ andiya-t, pi. of i_^ nadiyy, arrow without head or feathers. ^\ anatt, f. nattd', pi. nutut, long ; far distant. ^Ub\ antdkiyy, from Antioch. jUa^ intibdh, being cooked. gVJaj\ intibd', being sealed, im- pressed, printed upon ; tameness, obedience. ^3LLj\ intibdq, accordance ; con- formity. uy\ intifd', being extinguished, going out. ]ii\ 86 i_aj\ i3'ii=i\ intildq, dismissal; divorce; going away. *^1 antila-i, pi. calamities. ly='l intiwiV, folding up. g^J»'\ intiijiV, obedience. f«^^ inzdm, putting in order ; com- posing poetry. '^^^ anzima-t, constitutions, &c., pi. -of («^ nizdm. ^\*i\ in'ds, setting out ; setting to work. JUsl in'dl, putting on shoes ; shoe- ing (a horse). fiXxi\ in'dm, cattle, &c., pi. of ^ na'am ; — in'dm, granting a favour ; present, largess, benefit. E^;*'^ in'irdj, being bent, inflected, inclined. Jlj«j\ in'izdl, dismissal, v*-'*'! in'isdh, harshness; hardness; severity. jjUaxil m'itdf, being inclined, in- verted, folded, bent. oU*j\ in'iqdd, being tied; contract, covenant ; curdling, (j-^^^ in'ihls, being reversed ; reflection ; reverberation ; re- fraction ; recoiling. (>*^\ an'am, softer, more jjleasant ; — an'um, prosperities, &c., pi. of ^ nu'm. jL-«}\ ingisdl, washing, ablution. j!Ujl ingildq, locking up. u-Uaj^ ingimds, diving, sinking. (_;i^*Ai\ ingimdd, wink, sign with the eyes. I«U*>\ ingimdm, sorrowing ; being covered. W*'^ ingiyd', being deceived, se- duced ; allured. (joUA)^ ingiydd, sinking of the water. tU*i^ ingiydz, rage, fury, violent anger. («.^i\) a7if, pi. dnuf, dndf, anuf, dnnf, nose ; beak ; projection ; cape, promontory, peak ; begin- ning ; '^^ ■>^ mdt-a hatf-a anfi-hi, he died a natural death ; — S anafa-t, contempt, indig- nation ; sense of honour ; — dnifa-t, first walking of children; — anfa-t, beginning ; omen' fore-token. «-«J^ anaf, u, i, inf. anf, hit on the nose ; reach up to the nose (water) ; come to untouched pasture-ground; — anif, A., inf. anaf, anafa-t, despise and re- fuse from high-mindedness or haughtiness ; have no appetite and feel nauseous ; have pain in the nose ; find anything trouble- some and complain of it ; ad- vance ; — II., IV. lead the camels to fresh pastures ; cause one to despise a thing ; — ii. sharpen ; — IV. cause the nose to ache ; hasten ; reach up to the nose ; — V. try and dismiss one thing after another ; hurry ; — viii. arrive ; happen ; — viii., x. begin, be the first to do a thing. oU\ infld, dissipation. •J^l infh, performing a business, executing ; message ; piercing, penetrating. ^\ju\ anfdr, persons, individuals, &c., pi. of fi nafur ; — troop, &c., pi. of ytfii nafir. y«Uj\ anfds, breathings, &c., pi. of ij~» nafas ; — anfds-an, in inter- vals. t^^ »(/■«', profiting; gaining; being profitable, (j^^ anfdn, supercilious, haughty. uuUii\ infitdt, being crumbled, bro- ken into pieces. cUa>\ infitd/i, being wide open. o'^'OtiJ^ anfajdniyy, inflated. ia="\ infaha-t, infihha-t, pi. andfih, stomach of a goat or sheep; acid in the stomach ; heartburn. C"^ anfah, afilicted with a rupture of the testicles. O^a^l infihdn, unfuhdn, ^^ infi- hdniijij, fattened ; battened. \.Mi,\ infuld', being ransomed. •^\ anf a:, more piercing, more penetrating. S^yu^ infii-dj, recreation ; rest ; pause. U6\ 87 (3i\ •i\jl6\ infirdd, being alone, single ; singularity ; doing a thing by one's self. i2\^\ infirdq, being separated. ij^\ anfas, more precious ; more exquisite; — anfus, breaths of life, &c., pi. of (J~4» nafs. 5L~aj\ infisdh, spaciousness ; recrea- tion ; cheerfulness. i;L»a>\ infisdh, getting into disorder , abolition of a contract or bar- gain ; abolition. oU-ii\ infisdd, corrupted state ; cor- ruption. jUiii^ infisdd, bleeding, letting of blood. JUij^ infisdl, separation, division ; termination ; final decision. fXaiu\ infisdm, being broken in two ; bursting. gUai^ infiddh, ignominy. j\2cM\ infitdr, being split. JVxij^ infi'dl, feasibility, practic- ableness ; evil impression ; bad humour ; — ^^ infi'dliyy, passive (gram.). (3a'\ anfaq, more saleable. jUaj\ infiqdq, separation, division ; split. Z^\ infildj, apoplexy. i'ija\ infildt, flattening. |,\gi)\ infihdm, understanding. i^jii\ (unfuda-t), pi. andfid, beaten off leaves for food. (ijj^) aniq, inf. anaq, rejoice at (»-» 6i) ; like ; be agreeably sur- prised ; — II. INF. ta'niq, asto- nish ; — IV. INF. indq, ntq, astonish ; eagerly long for (^ ft) ; — V. INF. ta'annuq, devote one's self assiduously to a thing ; perform a thing intelligently and well ; like ; rejoice in (i_s»/0- (3>.\ anaq, pleasure, admiration ; — aniq, beautiful, pleasing; — dnaq, more or most pleasant. Vb>\ anqd', heaps of sand, &c., pi. of \B naq-an, naqa ; — pi. of ^ naqy, marrow of the bones, &c. i>\&\ inqdz, rescue, setting at liberty ; saving. g^\ inqd', macerating, dissolving. uoVnj\ inqds, diminution ; injury ; offence. ijiUi)^ inqdd, roaring of a young camel ; cracking a whip, the fingers, &c. ; calling. yoUii)\ inqibdd, preventing ; impedi- ment ; contraction ; oppression of the heart ; constipation. ■>&\ anqad, hedge-hog ; tortoise. ;W>^ inqiddr, fate. i^\ anqaz:='i£i\ anqad, hedge-hog. yo\yi>\ inqirdd, lapse of time ; ex- tinction of a dynasty. g\yu\ inqird', casting lots ; (m.) itch, mange. (j-Sil anqas, slave born in the house ; — anqus, pi. of (j~a> niqs, ink. |,L.-ai^ inqisdm, being divided ; divi- sion ; discord. j\„aB\ inqisdr, (m.) washing, bleach- ing. k_Jlaflj\ inqisdf, being broken; defeat, flight. Uiia^ inqidu', end; fulfilment, com- pletion ; expiration of any term or respite ; death. g\,Wi>\ inqitCt', separation ; break ; interruption ; end ; cessation. ^\ anqa', better quenching the thirst; — anqu', pi. of J5J naq', stagnating water ; — i anqi'a-t, pi. of ^isi naqV, overflowing well ; scream. u\^\ inqitdf, being culled, plucked, gathered ; crops, harvest. ^^\ inqildh, revolution ; over- throw ; vicissitude ; change ; sol- stice. ^\ inqild', being up-rooted, torn out ; (m.) departure. (_/>~!la>\ anqalts, eel. jVaii»\ inqihdr, succumbing, being compelled ; irritation ; bad hu- mour. jfi\ unqur, notch of the date- stone. &cy»\ unqiVa-t, cavity where water or fat gathers. ^\ anqa, f. naqwd', having thin ^3>^ iSi\ fingers ; — purer, comp. of ^^ naqiyy. W^ anqiyiV, pi. of ^aj naqiyy, pure, clean, holy ; the Saints. •i\^\ inqiijihl, submission ; sub- missiveness; obedience. (ji«aj^ inqid, a perfume. (u£ii\) anak, inf. anJc, be large and stout ; be long, lengthy ; feel pain ; list, long for. •^'^ dnuJi, lead, tin. C^^ inMh, sexual intercourse ; marriage. jVSj\ iiiMr, denying; rejecting; disavowing; — (^ inhlriyy, nega- tive. '-i\ii\ inkilf, abhorring false gods ; praising the one God. ^'lSA inJcitar, name given by the Arabian historians to Richard Coeur de Lion. f^\ anla/i, given to sexual inter- course ; — ' ankiha-t, dowries, &c., pi. of c^ nikdh. •i^\ ankad, not serviceable, useless, ■wretched. jL-&^ inkisnr, being broken, rup- ture ; contrition ; despondency ; defeat ; bankruptcy. vjl~^\ inkisitf, eclijase ; being darkened, eclipsed. ^L!i.Si\ inkisdf, being unveiled, dis- covered, laid open. ^\ anka', having a red nose. tijS\ij\ inkilds, superiority. (_r-J,So\ aukdlis, eel. ^Uio\ iiikinids, hurry, haste. ^i^\ anka, who does more mis- chief. i^ii\ ankini-t, tobacco-pipe. ^j^tS6\ inkis, magic figure. Ci\ aiunn, creatures, created things. j\ innamd, only; yet, however since, because ; then, therefore certainly ; — inma, growing- causing to grow; increasing, &>■., IV. of (i^) ; — animm(i\ pi. of ^ nanim, slanderer, tell-tale. ji.U>\ iiimns, calumny. ^UU>\ anmdtiyy, seller of blankets, pillows, &c. ^&*i^ inmihd', being effaced, erased. tjVjs*j\ inmihdk, annihilation, de- struction, ruin. ^\ anmar, i. nainrd', pi. tiumr, spotted like a panther; dapple- grey horse. (j~*>\ anmas, f. namsd', dusky grey ; pi. nums, the birds qata. {J~*^\ anmas, variegated, party- coloured. j^\ anmas, having thin hair ; downy ; — 6 anmisa-t, pi. of i^UJ numdf, month. &Uj\ anmila-t, inmila-t, unmula-t, pi. and mil, anmuldt, the fleshy tip of the finger ; (m.) hand. Ji^\ inmihldl, leisure ; delay. gj^\ nnmi'idaj, sample, pattern (Pers.). i^\ anma, more prospering. {^V) anali, 1, inf. anli, uni'ih, anlh, breathe heavily ; sigh, groan ; envy ; — v. show foolishness. 4j\ anli-in, see ^Jiil\ anJii ; — anna-hu (y^ anna, q.v., with pron. of the 3rd person), because, that ; per- chance, peradventure ; since ; how ! why ! — inna-hu, certainly, indeed ; to be sure ; yes. '^\ anJid', pi. of ^^ nahy, rain-pit, pond ; — inhd', bringing news, announcing, &e., iv. of (^), q.v. j^\ anlidr, rivers, &c., pi. of ^ nahr, nahar. (jcVaJ^ inhdcj, raising ; encouraging ; instigating; calling out. ^\:^\ uihiddm, destruction; ruin; overthrow. j^\ anhar, bright, serene; — anliiii; rivers, pi. of ;# nahr, nahar; — ■ days, pi. of jW nahdr. j\j^\ iiihizd-, being shaken; waver- ing. f\ji>\ i/Jn':ii)iz, being routed; defeat ; flight. lAs'^ anhas, more given to biting; worse. fXi^\ inhiddm, digestion. '^%if'\ inhildk, self-destruction. «5\ 89 \t>\ j^*aj\ inhimdz, marking with ham- za-t. cjlUeJ^ inhimdk, entirely devoting one's self to a thing ; zeal ; dili- gence. JW^ inhimdl, delaying ; neglect- ing ; being neglected ; raining gently but incessantly. ijSf\ anhi (&>\ anh-in), pi. of i^a nahy, rain-pit, pond. W^ anhiyd, pi. of ^9» nahiyy, pru- dent, wise ; forbidden. jW^ inhiydr, downfall, overthrow. yUfii^ inhiydn, contempt ; (m.) in- sult (offered). {f\) inw, pi. and, time ; night. \f\ anwa', having knowledge of the stars, skilled in astronomy. ^f\ anwdr, fires, lights, &c., pi. of j^ ndr, )f nur. ^f\ anwd', sorts, kinds, \ anwar, brighter, more shining, more luminous ; — i anwira-t, fires, &c., pi. of J^ ndr. y-y\ anus, fame ; pi. unus, not given to biting (dog) ; — s unu- sa-t, human society. wiy\ anuf, chaste (woman) ; — unitf, dnuf, noses, pi. of s-'^ anf. ,jf\ anilq, a carrion-kite; pelican; — anwuq=>^\f^ anwdq. e)y\ anwah, stupid. (u'^) ana, i, inf. any, an-an, and', an, in, be opportune ; be or come in time ; be nearly ripe ; reach boiling heat ; — inf. iny, uniyy, tarry, cause delay ; — ani, a, inf. inan, not to be in a hurry ; — ii. tarry, hesitate ; — iv. inf. tnd', delay anybody; — v., x. treat a matter diligently and consider- ately ; treat a person with pa- tience ; wait patiently for. ^j>\ an-an, pi. diw', uniyy, the pro- per time ; highest degree ; the whole of the day ; — any, mo- desty, staidness ; — iny, any, night-time ; — aniyy, ripe, ma- ture; — dni (t)^ dn-in), i. i boiling; overflowing ; mild, gentle, and patient ; — anna, wherever, any- where; where? how? — ii dniya-t, vessels, pi. of ^\ and'. s->W^ anydb, canine teeth, Ac, pi. of >— '^ ndh. ^rr'tA anyab, provided with canine teeth, a tusk, &c. ; — anyub, canine teeth, pi. of v*^ ndb. "^\ anit, envied ; envy ; groaning. i.i-^\ anis, soft iron; — 5 anisa-t, luxuriant (pasture). ^\ anih, heavy breathing ; sighing. jiA anyar, brighter, clearer, more luminous. i_r^>\ anis, of equal disposition ; familiar ; confidant ; companion ; cock ; — anis, » anisa-t, magpie ; — anisa-t, fire ; — 4 antsiyya-t, familiarity. (j4«j\ anid, half raw or corrupted (meat) ; fright. (J.9»\ a/iiq, pleasing, pretty ; — anyuq, she-camels, pi. of ^^ ndqa-t. I*ij\ an1m, creatures, created things = f,^\ andm and f>^\ anam. i^\ anin, sighing (s.). A-j^ aniJi, weak. >>\ ah, ah-i, dh, dh-i, oh ! alas ! — » dJia-f, measles ; lamentation. (i\) ahh, INF. ahli, ahha-t, ihha-t, be grieved and sigh ; — ii., v. same meaning. v_j\a\ ihdb, pi. ahab, uhub, dhiba-t, skin ; complexion ; raw leather. j_j:j.U!>\ ahdjiyy, satires, lampoons, pi. of Jjqsfii'i uhjuivwa-t. w~iW ahddib, v^;^^^ ahddib, rain- showers in heavy drops, moun- tain masses, pi. of a*-^ hadba-t. JW ahdl, dhdl, pi. of Ja\ ahl, q.v. ; — i ihdla-t, fat, grease; sheep with a fat tail ; — (j ahdli, pi. of J*^ ahl, q.v. 12 \J1,\ 90 J*^ *r-s^U>\ ahdlib, kind«, manners, waj8, pi. of vybfc\ uhlub, « ahhl- ha-t. Js^^^ ahdlll, new moons, &c., pi. of JSU AiZ((7. 0^\ ihdn, bunch of green dates; trunk of a tree ; — » ihdna-t, contempt; treachery. •^^^ ahdiiid, pi. of J*^ hind, Hin- doo. (>_-^\), II. alihah, get ready, be pre- pared; — V. INF. ta'ahhub, get ready; prepare for war; equip one's self. ■t-^^ ahab, uhub, skins, pi. of sj^fc^ ihdb ; — 4 dhiba-t, skins, pi. of sjW iA((6 ; — uhba-t, pi. -iiAafe, war material ; ammunition ; gear ; what is necessary. W*^ ahbd', atoms, f. pi. of Wj6 hibd' ; — ihbd', raising dust. ij^\ ahbira-f, lowlands, pi. of j«-fii habir. ^^ ahta', hump-backed. 3^jifc\ ihtizdz, becoming agitated ; wavering, tottering ; exulting, rejoicing. f^yJt^ ihfizdm. haste ; noise. |.U.xfii\ ihtimdm, pi. -dt, zeal, dili- gence ; care, solicitude. ;^^ ahjar, longer and thicker ; better ; f . Jiajrd', unbecoming (speech). iij^ar*^ uhji'ira-t, habit, custom. ii^a5i>\ uhjutmva-t, i-j&A\ vhjii/ija-f, pi. ahdjiyy, satire, lamjjoon. 5r>a!*>^ ihjij, deep valley. ^jyir^'^ihjira, ^;*a-&^ iVy'/fi?', custom, habit. A&\ ahadd, cowardly. ^jjk\ ahda', hump-backed ; — ihdd', offering ; giving for a present ; conducting in the right way. v>>wi^ ahdab, with long eye-lashes ; with long branches. Jja\ ahdal, f. hadld', flabby. ^^^Jl:\ ahda, better guide. (.rJ^jJ*^ ihzdb, swiftness. (y*\) ahar, coll., noun of unity ; — 5 ahara-t, pi. ahardt, furniture of a room ; good condition ; shape, form. \^\ ahrd', granaries, pi. of tSj* htiry. (3^/>^ ihrdq, pouring out, shedding. (•^^^ ahrdm, pi. of ^;*' haram, pyra- mid. uijyfc^ ahrat, oyfc\ ahrad, having a large mouth (lion). f)^\a hza', only left, last. ^-=*\ ahsd', strong valiant men. ^^<^\ ahda, troops of people. l*-^\ ahdam, f. hadmd', thin, lean ; having strong front teeth. Jt^\ ahtal, f. hatld', falling in heavy drops. *^\ ah'ki'i', pi. perplexed people. i^jii&y iihkiJma-t, jest, mockery. Jii^ ahl, pi. ahlihi, ahdl-in, ahdli, ahdl, dhdl, ahldt, ahah'd, family ; house, tent ; master of the house ; wife ; people, men, man ; fit for ; inhabitants ; al-ahdU (m.) peasants ; vagabonds ; ad- venturers ; — ahil, tame ; — dhiJ, populated; — i ahla-t, pi. ahhit, family, race ; wife ; — ahila-t, wealth; — ahilla-t, new moons, pi. of JU hildl. (JJ!>\) ahal, I, u, INF. nhiil, take a wife ; — ahil, A, inf. ahal, become familiar with ('^ bi) ; become accustomed to a place (ace.) ; — II. INF. ta^hil, welcome ; deem fit for or worthy of (J li) ; iv. INF. i'h'il, same meaning; make one master and father of a family ; give a wife ; — v. ixf. ta'ahhul, viii. inf. i'tihiil, take a wife ; V. be worthy of (J li) ; — X. INF. isti'hiil, deem worthy ; take the fat for one's self. 'i^\ ahl-aii, welcome! !i*8- ^ 5U\ ahl- an wa sahl-an, be welcome and at your ease. ^^B>\ ihldk, annihilation ; destruc- tion. JU\ ihhU, beginning of the lunar month ; (m.) exordium ; shout- ing of pilgrims or of those who perceive the new moon. J*^ 91 V 't-Ia^ ahlab, f. halbrV, hairy, bristly, and, by opposition, hairless, plucked ; rainy ; very fertile. wj^\ uhlub, i uhlilha-t, pi. ah'dih, kind, species ; manner, way of doing a thing. J^\ uhlul, vain ; vanities. iJM ahliyy, tame, domesticated ; accustomed to a place ; — * ahliyya-t, being fit for ; skill ; ability ; duty ; sociability ; re- lationship ; possession ; (m.) wife. gL;la\ iJiUlij, myrobalan tree. I*^\ ahamm, graver, more impor- tant, more distressing. Ujfc^ ahma , worn out clothes, pi. of 1^ him' ; — ihnid', wearing out. JUifc\ ihmdl, leaving in the lurch]; neglecting ; negligence. |,Ui.\ ahmdni, pi. of ^ himm, de- crepit ; — ihmdm, grieving, caus- ing sorrow. i^\ dhan, iron (Pers.) ; — (^^\ JUJ^ dhinn-'l-mdl-i, hereditary property ; ready money. gifc\ ahna', slipping, sliding to and fro ; son of a high-born Arabian woman ; small. jJt\ dhn, gazelle (Pers.). Sf^ ahwd', passions, loves, desires, &c., pi. of tsy* hawa; — ihivu', falling down, &c., iv. of (\ ahwi'a-t, pi. of i}^ haivd', the month S^*ii!^ j>i zn-'l-qa'dat-i. Jyi\ uhiU, taking a wife, inf. of Jj!>\ ahal ; — ahwal, more or most formidable. l«y*^ ahwam, having a large head. yy!>\ ahwan, easier, easiest; toil- less ; unimportant ; Monday. \i)to\ ahwind', pi. of e<* hayyin, hain, easy to be done or borne, &c. i^^*'^ ahiva, more wished for, more desirable ; dearer ; — » uhwiyya-t, deep valley ; atmosphere. (cs^O a^a, INF. ahy, laugh aloud. >-r-*«>^ ahyah, more or veiy much revered. ^assftj*^ uhaijina-t, youths married to girls before either have attained to puberty. {j-'~sfi>\ ahyas, courageous ; fiery. ^s*>^ ahyag, plentiful, abundant ; al-ahyagdn, eating and drink- ing ; food and sexual enjoyment. --M'^ ahyaf, f. haifd', pi. hif, thin, slender ; not bulked out. i3'ii>\ ahyaq, long-necked. J**^ ahil, well populated ; — uhail, folks ; common people. I^i'\ ahyam, dark ; — f . haimd', pi. him, wandering (diseased camel) ; thirsty, languishing; pi. hiydm, waterless desert. Us&^ ahyind', pi. of (j.** hayyin, hain, easy to be done or borne, &c., q.v. j\ au, or, unless ; — a-wa, interro- gative ; — aww, the conjunction )\ au (used as a substantive) ; — aww, oh ; — S uwiva-t, pi. uivaw, calamity. receiving hospitably, iv. of calamity, misfortune. A,\ 'tvdh, pi. of ^y , q.v. ; — aivwdb auh, region, who returns &c., to God; penitent. ■i'>\}\ aivabid, pi. of »>^^ abida-t, disaster, calamity. ^yy^ awdhil, camels, pi. of J;^ ill, ibil. j£.\^\ awdhir, pi. of «;^^ dhira-t, end, extreme, termination (gram.). t_^'^)^ awdhi, pi. of hA dhiyya-t, need, distress ; ties. l»o\j\ awddim, pi. of (•^^ ddam. Adam. 45J\j^ awdzi. aziyy.^ ^ lliWd, flame ; ^^ iiwdr, pi thirst ilr, heat ; ; smoke ; r pi. of tS'i^ ardour : south- \,\ 92 ts} wind ; — ^ awdr-in, auhlri, man- gers, stables, pi. of tsj\ try, ariy. Sy)\ awdrij, » awdrija-t, journal, a diary, a memorandum - book (Pers.). ]i\}\ awdz, time before the spring equinox (Pers.)- (>}^}\ awdzim, teeth, pi. of &^j\ dzi- ma-t. ^\}\ awdsit, middles, &c., pi. of ^}\ ausat and l=«-.j was it. iy^}^ awdsi, women who circumcise girls, &c., pi. of !i-~-\ dsiya-t, q.v. jr''\}\ awdsir, wombs, &c., pi. of if=\ dsira-t, g-i^)^ awddih, moonlit nights (13th to 16th of the month) ; pi. of f^^ aiidah, more or most evi- dent, clear, distinct. ^T^^\}\ at(;f(.h'6,leathembagsfor milk, &c., pi. of 'T^} ivatb, q.v. ii\)\ awdq-in, ^_^\}\ awdqi, pounds, pi. of i-ij^ uqiyya-t ; — awdqiyy, shuttle. '~i^\^ awdlif, (female) companions, pi. of i^\ dlifa-t. ^J'^)^ awdli, pi. of ^_^}^ «!(?a., nearer, worthier, fitter, &c. ; — pi. of Jj^ airwal, first, best, &c. ; — pi. of J^ dl-'in, too weak, insufiicieut. I«^j\ utvdm, violent thirst ; heat ; smoke ; giddiness ; sinew. f\}\ awdmir, pi. of y»\ amr, order, command. (j\}\ aivdn, iivdn, pi. dwina-t, time, season ; dwinat-an (a'inat-aii), sometimes ; •i-'^j\ awdtia^z-hi, at that time, then ; — iwdn, pi. y^^ nn=^(j\yi\ uvdn, palace, &c., q.v. ; — dwdn, times, moments, pi. of (^'\ dn; — ^£ tiwdni, vessels, vases, pi. of ^\ huV. *^^\ awivdh, who sighs frequently ; merciful ; learned in law ; secure, certain ; Abraham ; prayer ; — uwu'dh, oh ! alas ! •>^\}\ ami hid, Mondays, pi. of A6j\ atiliad. yj^^j^ awiiwin, palaces, &c., pi. of y^y,^ iwdn, q.v. Jj%^ awd'il, the first, &c., pi. of Jj\ awwal. (^\)\ awd'iii, pi. f. of ij^ d'in, quiet. ('-j)\) db, V, INF. aub, iydb, auba-t, aiba-t, iba-t, iyydb, return ; — inf. aub, intend ; come to the water at night-time ; keep away ; — INF. iydb, uyi'ib, set (sun) ; — awib. A, INF. awab, be angry ; — II. INF. ta'wib, fa' yib, retum; intonate again ; travel the whole day; ii., iii. (inf. mu'dwaba-t, mu'waba-t), vie in walking (camels); — iv. inf. i'db (v^^), provoke to anger;— v. inf. ta- 'awivub, return ; inf. ta'wwub, fayiibh, come to the water at night-time; viii. inf. i'tdb, ittdh, same meaning ; return. wj^^ aub, return ; repentance ; pi. divdb, region ; quick walking ; custom, habit ; intention ; way, road ; cloud ; wind ; — S auba-t, quick walking ; return ; coming homeward ; (m.) set of friends ; tent ; — pi. aiibiit, foot. ^}^ anhd\ catching diseases, plagues, &c., pi. of Wj waba', q.v. \J^'^)^ aubds, rabble, populace, &c., pi. of ijioj wabax. J? 5^ aubar, very hairy (camel). •^^j\ auttdd, pegs, &c., pi. of -Jjj watad, q.v. )^)\ autdr, strings, &c., pi. of /j watar. J»^^ autal, pi. uutul, utul, who gorges himself with food and drink. (^^}\ ansdn, idols, pi. of yJ^ wasan. f}\ aiisai; enmity. ij^}\ ansaq, i. iviisqa, trustworthy; firm, strong. E}^ auj, height, summit, culmina- tion. gW^^ aiijd', ailings, &c., pi. of g=.j H'(y"a'. eW-;\ ujdq, fire-place; hearth; chimney ; the corps of janissaries (Turk.). E,\ Sj 93 Wi JW-j^ aujdl, fears, tender feelings, pi. of J?.j wajl. s-^j^ aujab, more or most necessary. f>-}^ aujar, f. wajnV, very cautious ; timid, timorous ; — i aujira-t, dens, &c., pi. of jW-j wajdr, wijdr. u-^p^ aujas, a little, something ; time. S^)^ auja', more painful. i}^}\ aujal, who is afraid of (y-* mift), f>=s-^ aujam, more or much ex- tended. y^j^ aujan, strong, firm ; al-aujan, strong rope. "i^-j^ aujah, more sightly, hand- some ; more esteemed ; clearer ; — aujuh, faces, &c., pi. a^?-; wajh, i_^}\ auja, having a sore hoof ; — » aujiya-t, bundles of clothes, portmanteaus, pi. of W-^ wijd'. E^)\ atchdj, loop-holes, holes, pi. of 4^="j wahja-t. J^j^ a2ihdl, puddles, &c., pi. of J»-^ wahl. •i^}\ auhad, pi. uhddn, wuhddn, unique, incomparable. (_5^j\ auha, happening sooner. (j/) dd, TJ, INF. aud, bend (a.) ; incline to one side (n.) ; return ; — INF. aud, uwild, importune ; — awid. A, INF. awad, grow crooked ; crouch ; — ii. make crooked ; fold; make one's speech ob- scure ; — V. grow crooked ; bend (n.) ; — v., VI. importune, mo- lest ; — VII., VIII. grow crooked ; bend (n.). •>j\ awad, hard work ; molestation ; bother; — crookedness, inf. of (J^^); — awad, f. audd', crooked; — awadd, dearer, more agreeable ; — awidd, awudd, pi. of Jj wadd, wudd, loidd, lover, friend ; — s auda-t, load, weight. \^^ audd', i. of J^\ awad, crooked; also « auddt, h auddya-t, valleys, &c., pi. of J\^ wdd-in, i^J^^ wddi ; — awiddd', lovers, friends, pi. of •J^Jj wadid. •i\'i)^ auddd, friends, lovers, pi. of J; wadd, tcudd, widd. g-Jjt auda', with a white throat (pigeon) ; field-mouse ; shrew- mouse. ui)jj\ aiidah, f. wadkd', sand-hill ; ^jj\ uyUi handt audak, calami- ties. (jJj^ audan, soft, supple, flexible. k'i}\ audiya-t, valleys, &c., pi. of 'i\) wdd-in, is-i^} wddi. t^^ auzah, contemptible. (jj^) '''■' U; !> have sexual inter- course with a woman ; — ii. in- flame, ignite ; — x. be afraid ; flee and disperse in a plain ; hasten in the darkness ; be in violent anger ; prepare for a leap. j^\ aur, north-wind ; motion of the clouds; — ih-, south-wind; pi. of )^^ awdr, heat, etc., q.v. ; — aivir, stony. v3^_)j^ (iiirdq, leaves, &c., pi. of oj^ waraq, q.v. 'i'>j}\ aurida-t, jugular veins, pi. of •ij;^ warid. ij»j)\ awiras, auras, cypress. yijj\ auraq, i. warqd', pi. wurq, dark grey ; ashes ; rainless year ; milk with two parts of water ; f. warqd', pi. ij'\} wardqi, ivardqd, she-wolf ; dove. csSjj^ aurah, f . warhd', havingfullhips. (•jj^ auram, people ; troop. 6)j\ aurah, f. warhV, stupid ; blufE ; violent ; raining abundantly. ( j^)) auz, awaz, computation. jy iwazz, pi. iwazzun, goose ; fat dwarf ; mobile, agile. j\j^^ auzdr, heavy burdens, crimes, sins, pi. of jjj wizr. (^\j}\ auzdn, weights, measures, &c., pi. of 0jj wazn. (^)}\ auzan, weightier. ^Jjj^ iivazza, waddling (s.) ; — iwaz- ziyy, belonging or referring to a goose. {}\ oda-t, pi. oddf, wwad, room ; company of soldiers (Turk. ^^). V-^^\ avdiyd', pi. of ^^-^^ wadi', shining with purity and white- ness ; pure, neat ; handsome of face. y\i.y avtdv, native countries, homes, &c., pi. of ^^J watii, watati. il=.\ ota-t, see i^-,\ oda-t, above. iak^\ av~ifa-i, pi. of —fl-t^ U'(i~[f, thinnest part of a horse's leg. v-~*;^ au'ab, more fit, to grant or exhaust the whole of a thing. jc^\ au'ar, rough, rugged ; compli- cated ; - — au'vr, pi. of y^} iva'r, rough, rugged, difiicult. i-^y au'iya-t, vessels, vases, «tc., pi. of ^} «'('('■', q.v. ^}\ augil', wind, air. (t_»j^) (If, V, injure ; hurt ; afflict. )i}\ avfar,i. irofrd', very capaoious ; full ; large ; richly grown. iji^\ aiifaq, nioro or most appro- priate. ^^^ avfa, more abundant, more sufficient. ^U^^ i~ii)\ (j}\) dq, V, INF. anq, be higher than; incline towards; bring misfortune upon (all with ^_^ 'aid); — II. INF. ta'fiq, vex, tor- ment ; bring into difficulties ; humble ; prevent ; — v. inf. ta'af- hiq, be prevented. Jj\ (luq, burden, load, weight; dif- ficulty ; bother ; sewer ; — * auqa-t, troop ; — dqa-t, pi. dq, ilqdt, cistern ; eyrie ; — uqa-t, iiqqa-t, pi. uqaq, okka=3 lbs. 4 oz. Engl. u!j\i^\ auqdt, times, seasons, Ac, pi. of c:^^ uriqt. auqdf, pi. of <-a»^ waqf, be- quest, pious foundation, &c. }'^\ auqar, graver, steadier. [j=^^ auqas, short-necked; nearest (way). qiyya-t, ^^ wagiyya-i, pi. audq-in, awdqi, uaqdyd, a weight of aliout a pound. y-yW^;l oqiydmis, ocean. ^}^ aiihah, earth, sand and stones. •i^y ankad, firmer; more secure; more certain. (j~^;^ avJias, vulgar, common man. ^;\ atil-a\ contemptible; big and stujiid. y^i^ aul-iii), nests, pi. of (^j iialcn. ^;i auka-t, anger, malice ; cala- mity. ^5^ aukiya-i, pi. of ^j wihV, q.v. (Jj^) "'> "^j INF. anh ma'dij, return ; le reduced ; come to a pass ; re- nounce ; separate from (y^ 'an) ; — INF. ma'dl, diminish (a.); — INF. aiiJ, rydl, coagulate, con- dense; — INF. aitl, iydil, iydla-i, superintend ; govern ; keep in good order or condition : escape ; take to flight ; waste, grow thin ; — INF. iydl, govern well; — airil, A, go in front ; — ii. cause to return ; explain, make clear ; in- terjiret (dreams) ; determine the number, measure, or quantity ; — V. exjilain ; esjiose ; — viii. keeji in good order. J^\ awical, pi. aivd'il, aivdll, i. Ji^\ ^,\ 95 •^) lUa, vulg. awwala-t, pi. ulaydt, first, foremost; beginning; al- awwah'in, al-awd'il, the ancient, ancestors ; — 'i awwala-t, begin- ning ; the first. Sj^ uld'l, pi. of U zii, sj zih, this. uLi'i}\ ulut, see ^j^ M^!, f_^)\ ula. jSj\ auldd, sons, children, pi. of ^^ <£WS^\ uld'ika, comra., and f. ^'i)\ uldk, pi. of i£)\j zdJc, ui)^' itt/i;, that. uiiljSj^ uld'ilika, pi. of j^j f«?i7t, that. ^^ aula', foolishness ; infatua- tion. (j!^^ aulaq, foolishness ; fool. Iti}\ a-wa-lam, is it not so ? ^^ uli'i, f. caSj^ mZ(2<, possessors, owners, pi. of 5J ?i(, frequent in composition. y^j^ aulauna, pi. of jjij^ a!(7rt, nearer; — awwaluii, pi. of J;\ awwal, the first, ancestors. i^)yj\ ultlwiyya-t, majority, priority, superiority. ^Jj\ aula, pi. aulaun, awdli, du. aulaydn, f. wiilyu', dn. wulyaydn, pi. W7ild, imdyaydt, nearer ; worthier ; more appropriate ; — ■ M/a,= Sj\ idd'i, these ; in poetry = i^ii!>\ allazln, pi. which, who, i)Sj\ «itt/i;, f. those, u^ifSy uld'ika, comm. those, c^UfS^^ uld'ilika, those ; — mZS, f . of J^\ awwal, the first; — uU=^^ ulu, f. '^3j\ (fZiii, possessors; in poetry = yjA3\ allazin, pi. which, who ; — awwaliyy, f. S , the first, fore- most ; previous ; an evident pro- position ; major term of a propo- sition ; aivwaliyya-t, priority, superiority, precedence. W'j\ auliyd', friends, patrons, &c., pi. of ,,5!^ waliyy, q.v. uu\->5j\ ulaydt, pi. of Jj^ awwal, first, &c. (^^\) (iHi, u, INF. aum, be very thirsty ; cry out from thirst ; keep in good condition, govern well ; — INP. aum, iydm, fumi- gate, drive the bees out by smoke ; — 11. inf. ta'wlm, make thirsty ; render tall and stout. (•j\ uwain, pi. disastrous ; — awamm, a better prefect or Imam. (O}^) ''"•! u> INF. auii, be in easy circumstances ; rest ; — 11. (-at his fill (ass) ; easily accommodate one's self to circumstances. y^^ auii, ease, and, by opposition, fatigue ; rest ; gentleness ; equal walk ; the two equal parts of a burden; pack-saddle; — An, palaces, &c., pi. of o\^^ iivdn ; — dwin, at ease, quiet, at rest ; — 4 diviiia-t, pi. tortoises ; times, pi. of f^\j\ awdii. ^3'}\ aunui^, she-camels, &c., pi. of •^^j ndqa-t. (ip\) s'\ dh, dh-i, dh-in, ^'\ dh-an, 6^\ aiih-a, auh-u, s^^ awwah, awwuh, l)\ dw-iii, dw-i, dww-i, 6lj^^ awa- t'lh-u, oh! alas! — 1>'\ dh, inf. auh, II. INF. ta'wih, r. inf. ta'aw- wuh, call out oh ! lament ; feel pain. auhdt, pi. quarrels, conten- tions, disputes. («Uj\ auhum, opinions, fancies, sus- picions, Ac, pi. of i*ii>} wahin. ■iJ>>^ auhad, pi. awdhid, Monday. ■j&j\ aiiJiaz, having a graceful walk. 1^}^ auhaii, weaker. i«J»^\ auhiya-t, rents, clefts, pi. of l\i»,\ o"; wahy. j})\ aivilr, east-wind. Sj)\ awilh, oh ! alas ! ,_sy\ awawiyy, corporeal ; wonder- ful, miraculous (derived from i3.\ dya-t). (^5j\) awa, I, INF. iwiyy, uiviyy, iwd', look for shelter, put up, alight (with ^J\ ila or ace. of place) ; receive hospitably ; — ■ awi, A, INF. auya-t, ayya-t, hiu'- wdt, ma'wiyat, have mercy upon (J Zi), compassionate; — 11. inf. ta'wiyat, alight; receive hospi- tably ; — IV. receive hospitably ; v., VI. alight; gather together ; — VIII. INF. ittiwd', i'tiwd', l ('.s', what ? ji"*! les (for ^ ^^S Jt-oyy-i .■•'ayyin), for what reason? for what purpose ? why ? i,/-lc 'ales, whv ? yio^ bes, where- with ? ^1 ayd, ha ! ho ! holla ! — iyyd, a prop for the pronominal affixes, when any personal pronoun is to be expressed emphatically, mostly in the accusative, and especially when two affixes depend on the same verb in a sentence, as, 6lj^ dijdaEl ataltu-ka iyyd-hu, I have given it to thee ; iyyd- Jca,/. iyyd-ki (supply jAi.\ i'//--a)-), be on thy guard ! — ^\^ wa-iyyd, k) wamjd, with, together with, as, f^^.^ wayyd-knm, together with you, &e. ; — ' "ydt, iyydt, light ; splendour, radiance ; — al'a-t, form ; sight ; aspect. v^^ iydh, return, sunset (v>^) > — i'ab, IV. of_(v^j), q.v. ; —ayydb, seller of water ; — iyydb, leathern bag, leathern pipe. (j~}^l aydbis, pi. of ij^ aibas, dry, ^y ayddim, surface of the earth, Ac, pi. of M^\ i'ddiaa-t. ^}\ aydr, brass, latten ; — iydr, air ; — IV. of (j^^), q.v. ; — ayydr, month of May ; — dydr, pudenda of a man, pi. of y>\ air. ej^\ iydrij, S , laxative (medicine). (j-^.^ iyds, despair ; softness. t;>s-"^^ aydsin, men, pi. of y* — >\ i'sdn. ^'^.\ aydsir (,j3*^^ oy''?')' P^- of ^\ aisar, cj.v. JLVj\ aydtil, hypochondres, pi. of ^y aital. t^\ aydg, cup ; glory ; dignity ; present ; compassion (Pers.). cs)^.\ iyydhi, iyydJii, see ^\ "iyyd. jy lydl, s, see Q,\), (J\^);_6 iydhi-t, pi. iydldt, district ; go- vernment, province ; — iydJdt, pi. river-dales. C^} iydm, driving out bees by smoke ; — uydm, iydin, pi. uynm, smoke; — ayydm, days, pi. of fji yaniu. i^""^} aydmin {^^^\i\ aydmhi),v\g\i.t hands, &c., pi. of y-H^ai'mnH and l;^t-*j yamhi. ^y'^y aydma, pi. of (>>\ ayyim, lius- bandless, widowed, ijj^^ itydniq, she-camels, &c., pi. of ii^j )ti!qa-t. f}k^ aydwim, days (especially of calamity), pi. of ffi yaiim. i^.)k^ ayduun, palaces, &c., pi. of y\^\ iii-^ ihdh, not caring for (aj^). ij-^y aibas, pi. ayabis, dry, parched ; fleshless ; anything hard, to try upon the sharpness of a blade, &c. ; — aiUs, be silent ! imp. of J*>^ ibal, aibal, aibul, ^^ aibaliyy, Christian monk; — i ibala-t, fagot. hiS^ aiba-t, return ; fodder, food ; — d'iba-t, iba-t, watering at night- time. W^ i'td', making a present; libe- rality ; gift, present. t^y itdh, giving or possessing but little, living in strait circum- stances ; dunning (£>;). J^.l itdd, fastening a peg, &c., in the ground {■^j). j^!^ liar, IV. of (/;), q.v. ty^y itdg, ruining, destroying, <^c. (>^y aitdm, orphans, &c., pi. of ,*s^ yatim ; — itdm, making an orphan; having fatherless chil- dren (^). ^\^sS\ i'tibdb, being prepared for a journey. _)W^\ i'tibdr, digging a well. !»W^\ i'tibdt, standing quiet, and, by opposition, being agitated. jVixf^ i'tisdr, following the traces. j^a5^\ i'tijdr, asking for wages, pre- sents, alms. j^i^\ i'tihdz, choosing and taking for one's self, &c., viii. (j«5.\). ^yS\ i'tirdr, hastening. )\yS\ i'tizdz, boiling, becoming agi- tated. C*^ ^~xj\ i'tlsd, affording consolation by anything, j^—^^ Uisdr, deciding by casting lots (j~>). gL-sj\ itisd', extending far, being spacious, &c. (^^). ^-^.^ liiiv?', being embroidered ^•*^\ i'tisd', being healed (broken bone), (jjM). ji^ucsS] i'tisdr, growing high and abundantly, &c. (/°^). u='^'^^ i'tisds, assembling. ^W.>\ itisdf, being described, &c. yoUsj^ i'tiddd, seeking, &c. (u=^). U=i:j\ ititd', being levelled and sof- tened, &c. (U=^). »£!Uif\ i'tifdk, being overthrown. us)^S^\ i'tikdk, being very hot, &c. kj!k>\ i'tildf, concord. («U.5j\ i'timdm, intending, taking for a model (^\). ^\ isd', suifering shipwreck, &c. jUll i'sdr, preferring, giving prece- dence. j\ii\ Isdq, fastening, confirming, &c. (v3';). fi^\ i'sdm, causing to sin, throwing into sin. V==r^ ijd', preventing, being disap- pointed (W-j). vW;^ ijdb, answering, affirming, granting, affirmation (v-^^) ; — ij ijdbiyy, affirmative ; positive. •^W-} ijdd, invention ; discovery ; creation ; becoming an author, publisher (-^t-j). "\ i'jdr, hire, rent (;=-\) ; — ijdr, giving medicine to a child (f^}). i'jdz, brevity ; abbreviation (^^); , (j-WJ yas, conceivmg an idea ; imagining ; sense (u**!-;)- gU-.\ ijd', causing pain (5*^). 6^=;^ ijdli, making respected and honoured, &c. (*=^^). 4jW;\ ijdna-t, stone jug. \^} ihd', sending, inspiring ((j=-j). 13 c'-^ 98 {j^ J^.^ iMd, rendering unique, incom- parable ; leaving in the lurch i'^}) I'd, A, INF. aid, grow hard and firm ; grow strong and powerful ; — II. INF. ta'yul, make firm, strengthen ; confirm ; — iii. inf. mu'dyada-t, same meaning ; help, assist ; — IV. INF. i'ydd, same meaning; — v. inf. ta'ayyud, be strengthened, helped, assisted. >^^ aid, strength; vigour; power; authority ; — ayyid, strong, powerful; — aid, onerous, trou- blesome ; — aid-in, see ,_s-^i\ aid!. Wl i'dd, help, &c. (i^'^^) ; — ida' , ruin (t^J^). •~>\.iS\ i'ddh, spreading justice in the laud ; inviting to an entertain- ment. c\aj\ iddh, obeying, yielding (C'Jj). g\.ii^ idd'-, depositing ; taking leave, _ &C. (£0;). i^'S^ i'ddma-t, pi. ayddim, hard ground without stones ; pi. sur- face of the earth. g-iJ^ aida', dragon's blood ; saffron ; basil. ^J•ii^ aidi, pi. of -ii yad, benefits ; — aida, more or very clever. ^Jo\ a-i:'1, whether? if? — i'-'''-', injuring (i^Jl). («\ai\ izdm, putting a strap to the bucket (p-ij). y\j|\ i'zdn, i:dn, call for prayer. (^\) lir, I, INF, aiir, air, have sexual intercourse with a woman ; — II. have frequent sexual inter- course. jj\ air, pi. di/tir, dijdr, uyilr, penis; — air, ir, north-wind ; east-wind ; hot wind ; — /)•, cotton ; — aijyir (ayar), a very hard stone ; — d'ir, strong in sexual inter- course; — ayarr, f. yarrii', pi. yin-r, hard as stone. \j>y ird' , striking fire ; showing v**/* i'rdh, conquering ; prosper- ing. ii5^jj\ irds, making one an heir ; in- heriting (>^j^)- t\f\ i'rdh, Irdh, dating, fixing the date. S\j>y irdd, revenues ; objection ; argument ; exposition ; address ; intention; iv. (Jj^). emaciating, jading. overthrowing, ruining iriit, ^_;?.^ airamiyy, a stone as way- mark in the desert ; — airamiyy, iramiyy, somebody, anybody. S\sif} inddd, rose-colour, xi. ('^jj)- \y\ i'za, IV. of (oj^), q-v. ; — fe''', leaning upon, rest upon ; lime- washing a house (s^jj). ^\y\ i'zdr, strengthening (jj^); — /■-(()•, preserving, guarding ; carrying off, taking away (jj^). (^\j)} izdn, pondering over a matter (u~ri^) ayas, despair of (ace); — ayis, A, INF. iyds, be without hope, despair of (y^ min) ; — as, I, INF. ais, do violence, compel, force ; soften ; — ii. inf. ia'yis, iv. INF. i'yds, rendering desperate ; making an impression upon (,_s» //') ; disdain, make little of ; soften ; — V. INF. ta'ayyus, be soft. (j~?.^ ais, what exists ; — aisa, there is, there are, with negative (j~J laisa, there is not, there are not ; — dyis, d'is, despairing, despe- rate ; — dyas, more desperate. ^ — 1\ aisd', i — >\ aisa-t, a woman who no longer has her menses ; — isa', shaving (the head) ; cutting (^>)- t^.\ isdh, soiling, jwUuting (^-j). jV-~3\ aisiir, pi. of ^~J yasar, easT, &c. ; pi. of ij~i yasara-t, lines of the hand ; pi. of j-.^ ydsir, who kills and divides a camel ; — isdr, easy birth ; prosperity ; get- ting rich ( J— 3). ' ^V~S\ i'sdf, saddening, embitter- ing (-A-^). U~J!^ 99 ^\ i3^\ tsdq, loading a camel, a ship yl~j\ I'gaw, pi. aydstn, man ; — isaw, render insensible (gas) ; sleeping, slumbering (y-j). j—f}' aisar, easier to be done ; more convenient ; more fortunate ; favourable ; left, left hand, u^^ es (for ,_5& j_s\ ayy-u say -in), what ? how i* why ? ^^ i'm, healing (u*-^) ; — iiti, slandering, tale-telling, &c. cilU^\ isdk, walking quickly, accele- rating, being on the point ("^j). (>'^^ isum, flashing lightly, begin- ning of anything to appear, as hair, breasts, &c. (^;). V-al isd', making a will, &c. (,j*j). v^^ isdb, being ill, making ill kjU»\ fea^j being fit to become a servant (<-a-=j). JLa^ &aZ, bringing, uniting (J-^) ; — i'sdl, coming at evening time ; being rooted ( J-»^). j'^y aisar, pi. aydslr, hay, grass ; a short tent-rope (pi. also ayiUi). (o*J^) dd, I, INF. aid, return to a former state, do again or re- peatedly ; become ; return to one's people. ^\ aldan, again ; also ; likewise. zS^y iddh, clear explanation; mak- ing evident; evidence (e-°j). SW^ frftt', hastening, causing to go quicker i^)). (i^S i(dn, choosing for a dwelling, &c. (yL,). v-k^ aitah^'-r-^\ at yob, better, &c. ; — s aitaha-t, aitabba-t, rut. Jkl aitul, pi. aydtil, side, hypo- chondrium. W^ ('«', putting a thing in any re- ceptacle ; keeping secret (o*^j)- >T->W^ i'a6, taking all, &c. (s-^j). J^.^ t'at^, promising ; threatening ^^y 1^!^ tgfar, making water or milk to boil ; provoking to anger ; taking the custom taxes in farm {fy). JW^ tgdl, stepping quickly, enter- ing suddenly, &c. ; adorning one's speech (Jc^). Wt ifd', fulfilment ; satisfaction ; payment {^^i}). >>^\ Ifdd, sending ; very quick walk (■iij). jW^ ijuz, causing to hasten ; hasten- ing {■/}): •y^\ iqdd, lighting, burning (-i'^). j^iij^ iqdr, loading, burdening, &c. (?})■ ^'^} iqdz, awakening (a.), (^a>). gVfl>\ tjti', causing to fall, assaulting ; bringing into harmony (gij). (j^.^ iqdn, certitude, firm belief ((^). aiqi'ma-t, image, picture (ei'kcov). (udi\) aik, i , thicket ; — ayik, inf. ayak, being closely entwined, grown together ; — x. same mean- ing. ^\ ikd', causing to lean, to recline (^j) and iJ,). iMi\ ikdd, making firm (•^}). Jbijl i'kdl, giving to eat, &c. (J^l) ; — ikdl, confiding in God ( j^^). Jj\ il (J^ il), God; — ayyal, iyyal, ayyul, ayyil, pi. aydyil, moun- tain-goat ; deer; stag; — uyyal, curdled milk ; water. h^ ill!', making one governor of a province, &c. i^))- Ek} ildj, inserting, placing one thing into another (g!^). '-^'ii\ ildd, giving birth (^j). gSu^ ild% making eager for any- thing, causing to desire ; insti- gating {^,). ._*^\ i'ldf, accustoming to a place ; making the thousand full. j>'i>S\ i'ldiu, causing pain. ija,lj^ ilchiyy, pi. ilchiyya-t, ambas- sador, envoy (Turk.). li^i\ allama-l, anxiety ; stir ; sound ; tone. J^j^ aihU, month of September. Ubi iUya, iliyyd', Elias ; Jerusale (Ai\) dm, I, INF. aim, aima-t, ima-t, uydm, Jerusalem. ma-t, ima-t, be without a husband or ^\ 100 i\ wife (single, divorced, widowed) ; — INF. iyum, drive out bees by smoke, to get at tbe boney ; — ii. INF. ta'yim, cause to become widowed ; — iv. marry a widowed person ; — v. be dej^rived of a busband, &c. I*>} aim, tm, serpent; — i^\ f^} aim II (imu) 'l-ldh, by God ! — ayyim, pi. ayd'im, aydma, comm., without a husband or wife, widowed ; pi. liyum, a serpent ; — ayamm, a better foreman or Imam ; — S aima-t, widowhood ; — also ayimma-t, feudal estate, land held in tenure ; — a'imma-t, Imams, priests, &c., pi. of f>'^\ imam. W^ imd', sign, hint ; signal ; sym- bol (^j) ; — ayyu-mil, f. Uj^} ayyatii-md , whosoever, whatso- ever; who? what? _)UI^ i'mdr, order ; increase, aug- mentation. i^U>\ imdd, glimmer, glitter ; glance; wink (y^^j). O^^ aimdn, f. aima, deprived of wife or husband, longing for (J^ ila) either; — pi. of y.-^ yamin, right, right-hand side, &c. ; — imdn, creed, belief, reli- gion. y-«\ aiman, f. yamnd', pi. aydmin, aydmin, fortunate, propitious ; secure ; right hand, right ; — aimvn, pi. of (;>--►?. yamin, right, right hand, right side, &e. ; — ayyii-maii, whoever. l^^ aima, f. of yU;^ aimdn, see above. ((^^) a'an, dn, i, inf. ain, happen at the proper time, be in time ; draw near ; be tired. (^y ain, the proper time ; fatigue, tiredness ; — ;,i = y.-=. hin, time ; — d'in, quiet ; — ain-a, en, where ? whither? tdlJub yj\. \S£, yj\ ^^ hazd iva-cn ha::dk, what differ- ence between this and that ; — ' d'inat, pi. d'indt, easy, commo- dious; — times, pi. of y^^ awdn. ^ ind', causing delay (o*^) J — Ind', relaxing, tiring (n. and a.), weakening {^Jy). uLi\^\ i'nds, giving birth to a female. u-l;f\ i'jids, rendering familiar, so- ciable, &c. (t^^. f^\ tnd', ripening (s.), inp. iv. of i3-u\ ainuq, she-camels, pi. of ij>^ iidqa-t. &i,jViSjj\ !nliisdriyya-i, janissary. Ulu^ (( ina-md, wherever ; every- where. "5^^ ih-a, Ih-i, ((/j-m, well! — ayya- hu, O! O thou! — ayyah, ii., call out to (y hi). '^y ayyuhd, 0\ O thou! — aih-an, be off with you ! — ih-an, be silent ! — ihd' , rendering weak, las, &c. {^J^i)^ sjWj^ thdh, gift; concession (s-J»;). JW»^ i'hdl, welcoming, &c. (J*^). l»^3?.^ ihdni, making believe or sup- pose ; ambiguity ; (m.) intimi- dation. t)^3J^ ai7j((»,away with you I — ihdn, weakening, unnerving (y^^j). I*9i^ aiham, f. yahmu', stupid ; dumb ; brave ; smooth ; steep ; desert; al-aihamdn, torrent and mad camel, danger from water and fire. ^y\ i'wd', hospitality, shelter. (j^)>.\ iwdn, pi. iwdndt, awdiiin, ayd- li-in, palace; portico; gallery; saloon, hall ; bakouy, belvedere. vy^ ayyiib. Job ; — uyb, setting of the sun (s->j^). j^\ niji'n-, membra virilia, pi. of ^^ air. («^\ aiwam, bright day, lit. more of a day than another, comj). of (,f, yaum. (o^^). j.\> ta'ayya, k^ ta'ayyd, remain ; proceed slowly ; — v. VI. walk straight up to "(ace.). 101 oV, SJ 6 ; as a numerical sigii=2, ex- pressing also Monday as the second day of the week ; abbrevi- ation for the month of Raja6 ; — hi, inseparable preposition, with, by, at, in, to, towards ; also de- noting the object of a transitive verb, as &> ^^^^ marartu hi-hi, I met him, passed him ; used after \i\ ud, as : J=-;} U\ h:i hi-raJLil- in, behold, there was (or came) a man. W hd\ he', name of the letter v ; — hd\ mati'imoiiial intercourse ; wedlock ; — ii hd'a-t, matrimonial intercourse ; night's lodging ; hotel ; wild-bee hives. (v^) hdh, pi. abwdh, hihdn, ahwi- ha-t, door ; s^V-^'' '~^^- hdhu-'l- ahwdb-i, Darband (portae Cas- piae) ; w..ijU3\ .^jb hdhu-'l-mdn- dah-i, ga,te of tears, Babelmandel ; ^J'^\ v*^ hdhu-'l-'iUi, Subhme Porte ; — also S hdha-t, pi. hdhdf, chapter ; class ; species ; cate- gory ; object ; conjugation ; limit of a calculation ; al-ahwdh, repentance (gate of heaven) ; buhdt, verses, alineas. ^^ bdbd, pi. bdbdwdt, pope ; father, grandfather, eldest (m.) ; — ha'ha', knowing, conversant with. (W^O ha'ha', inf. ha'ha'a-t, call father or consider as such ; — II. run fast. (4;^^ hdbdriyy, black pepper. iS}^^ bdhdwiyy, papal (m.). J}^ bdbil, Babylon; — ^^ bdbiliyy, Babylonian ; enchanting; poison; h bdbiliyyat, wine (the two latter significations poetical). tfM hdbi'ij (o''^^ hdbfts), pi. hawd- bij, slipper (Pers.). ij-}i^ hdhus, child, young of an animal, foal. gi^^ hdbunaj, camomile (Pers.). «-^W bdbiyya-t, miraculous things. ^^ bdtt, cutting, breaking, weak- ening ; fooHsh, drunk ; lean, thin ; completed, put into order. y^ hdtir, cutting, sharp ; pi. hawdtir, sword. "^■^ bdtik, cutting, sharp. jy^ hdti'ir, pi. hawdtir, mat of rushes for silk-worms. yW bddr, showing itself spontane- ously ; envious. (3^^ hdsiq, overflowing. (e^) ba'aj, A, INF. ha'j, turn, change ; cry out ; — ii. cry out. 5^ ha'j, hdj, 'i , species ; manner, way, method ; — hdj, best head of a flock ; entrance custom, tri- bute (m. Pers.). tr-^W bdjis, pi. bujjas, pouring in torrents. ii^=^W hdhis, examiner. f-\>. bdhir, stupid ; liar ; meddling ; perplexed. &-l! hdha-t, mass of water; depth of the sea ; gulf ; palm- grove ; pi. bAh, passage; courtyard. _)j=^^ hd/iilr, hottest days of July ; month; (^)f^^ fjiyaiiM hdhuriijy, critical day ; \;y^^ bdhvrd', dog- days. (j~^W hdhis, cunning ; malicious ; cheat. (3^^ hdhiq, one-eyed; blind. Jilj hdhil, pi. huhhal, miserly, avaricious. S\j^ hd.ddt, desert. jolj hddir, shining in full ; f . » , hastening, hurried ; bddira-t, pi. baivddir, first movement or im- pulse ; impetuosity ; sharpness of a sword. E^jjW hddari'ij, basil. (jSoVi hddaldii, oyster. yJVj bddin, pi. hudun, huddan, stout, corpulent ; old, aged. yWjU bddinjdu, love-apjjle (Melon- gena). _ ., . . . 2-U!i>>V; bddhanj (er*U« hdzdhanj), ventilator, chimney. jU 102 cr"i y^jjU hdduwdn, Bedouins (m.). j_3jU hiuli (J^ hiid-in), pi. hddun, iiidd-an, buddd, externally visi- ble, distinct ; living in the desert ; — bddi', who begins, sets to work first ; f. i hddi'a-t, first cause, reason; — » hddiya-f, in- habitants of the desert ; nomads ; desert. •iW ft'-ifri old, ragged. ^j^ hdziha-t, pi. hawdzih, very high mountains. J^^ hdzil, liberal, generous. i>J^ hd:ana-t, recognition, sub- mission ; knowledge. (^j^ bdpjjij, indecent speech, ri- baldry. (_)^) ba'ar, a, inf. ha'r, dig a well ; hide, conceal ; send good deeds before one's self, do good in secret ; — iv. inf. ib'dr, dig a well for another; — viii. inf. ihti'dr, dig a well ; conceal. _)^ bdr, the first emanation of the Divinity; — bdrr, pi. abrdr, ba- rara-t, innocent, pious ; liberal, beneficent. EjVj bdrij, a good sailor ; — i bdri- ja-t, man of war; pi. bawi'rij, hotel, inn. Cj^ hdrih, pi. bawdrih, living in the plain ; turning the left side towards ; hot wind ; al-hdrih, ' aZ-6(/r/te-/, yesterday; ,j5jS\ fc-jUJ\ al-bdrihatu-'l-'ula , the day before yesterday. J)W bdrid, cold, cooling, agreeable ; dull, slow ; poor (wit, poetry) ; incontestable (right) ; safely placed (money) ; SjjVj d*-.ie ijaiii- ma-t bdi-i(la-t, easy booty (ob- tained without bloodshed) ; pi. bawd rid, sharp sword. jjW bdriz, f. 6 , proji'cting; external; the pronominal affix of a verb. iji)^ bdruj, first cotyledon. gjV> bdrl', i , excoediuLcly beautiful ; excelling in knowledge ; excel- ling ; bdri'a-t, excellence, merit. jj^ bdriq, f. bdriqa-t (pi. bdru/d, bawdriq), shining, flashing. cs!j*j bdrik, i , kneeling ; (m.) bless- ing ; — is bdrika-t, pi. baicdrik, knee. g>_)^ bdranj, cocoa-nut. •^}j^ bdrud, powder ; (j^trt^ -^^j^ bdrud abyad, nitre ; — » baruda-t, pi. bawdrid, gun (m) ; — h haril- diyya-t, jjowder-bag. OM^ bdruq, white lead. "^j;^ bdruk, timid, lazy. i^j^. bdri', bdr1, creator, God ; pi. bird' , healed ; — who planes, smoothes, &c. ; — ' hdri'ya-t, "pl. bawdrl, mat of bulrushes. jW ba'z, bdz, pi. bv'uz, bi'zdn, bizdn, ab'uz, buz'iin, falcon, hawk. j^j^ bdzdr, market, market-place, emporium ; traffic ; a bargain (Pers.). (j\Sj\j\i bdzdrgdn (y^^j^ bazirgdn), merchant (Pers.). j\jj^ bdzddr, pi. bazddira-t, bdzdd- riyija-t, falconer (Pers.). JjW h'izil, experienced. (^j^ bdziyy, ■p\.buzdt,bawdzi,iaicou, hawk. (j-^ ba's, bds, courage, boldness ; power, strength ; calamity, ad- versity, misfortune ; damage ; punishment ; ij-b S jd bds, there is no harm in it. ^^ bdsd\ pain, sorrow ; misfor- tune ; poverty. kj^UiVj bdsdbort, passport (m.). ij-^ bi-asri-hi, the whole of it, and so on, ^tc, see j~-\ asr. ijJ^ bdsira-t, stern countenances. S=-W bdsit, distant ; thirsting ; spreading; embracing; al-bdsit, God ; — S bdsita-t, ell, cubit. ij-^ b:i^iq, high; — i bdsiqa-t, pi. bau'daiq, high palm-tree ; white cloud ; danger ; a fruit. J-.^ basil, pi. busl, bussal, busald', having a stern countenance ; pi. bawdsil, lion ; brave ; terrible ; strong, and, by opposition, in- u-^ 108 v3W sipid (beverage); blunt, bluff; sour milk. (*-^ bi'isim, smiling. i^f-'^ bnsin, i , plough-share; tool; coarse sack. j^Vj hdsur, pi. bawdsir, emerods, piles. (3«1*-^ bdsiliq, vena basilica. (ur-W) ba'ax, a, inf. ba's, throw down unawares ; iJ^W ^ mtt ba'ax, it is not forbidden ; — III. seize and throw down, with- out resistance on the part of the assaulted. i^V 6((s = ,_j& ^_^\i bi-ayy-i say-in, bi-eS, why ? in order that ; — bds, chief (Turk.); — &,;,s-i-, friendly, amiable, smiling. ^^ hdsd, pi. bdsdwiH, bdsdt, pasha (Turk.). jA^ feu^ir, propitious, auspicious ; prudent. (3^^ bds'iq, pi. bawdsiq, sparrow- hawk. ;-^ bdsir, who looks at ; sagacious ; intelligent; — ii bdsira-t, sight, eye. ^'^ bddi', pi. sharp ; good camel-dealer : bawddi', herd ; blood is dropping. ijou,\i bddi'id, humidity. (tb) ba'at ; — V. lie on one's side ; be of a careless mind; not trouble about a matter. jJ=*j bdtih, fallen on the face. Jtb bdtil, pi. 6Mf i(Z, vain, foolish; useless ; false ; lie ; play : j J JtW zil bdtil, jester ; devil ; pi. batala-t, sorcerer. yi'W bdtin, pi. bawdtin, inner, in- terior ; concealed, secret ; mysti- cal ; who penetrates the heart (God) ; pi. abtina-t, butndn, lowlands ; fissures of the ground caused by water ; — h bdtiniyya-t, the Batanians or assassins. 4el»b bdtiya-t, pi. hawdti, deep dish ; vat. g^t bd', fathom (measure) ; — » bada'a-t, cutting, ; broker ; pedlar ; — s bddi'a-t, pi. wound from which bd'a-i, courtyard ; — sellers, &c., pi. of ^'\i bd'i'. "^-^W bd'is, who sends ; who causes ; author ; cause ; subject ; — ii bd'lsa-t, pi. bawd'is, motive, reason ; charm ; — ij 'hd'isiyya-t, causality. •^^ bd'id, far, distant ; perishing ; contemptible, ij^^ hd'iq, stream; waterspout; crash, peal. "^^ bdMk, stupid. >^y:^ bd'us, Easter-feast, g^ bdg, pi. bdgdt, garden (Pers.) ; — bdg-in, see ^J^^. bdgi. yLilj bdijbdv, gardener (Pers.). )^W bdgiz, ribald; swiftness; — li bdgiziyya-t, a coarse silk-stuff ; dress made of it. t/*W bdgid, who hates. i*^W bdgima-t, low and modest or tender talk, ti^y^^ bdgut, Easter, o^^ bo-gi (^W bdg-in), f. S bdgiya-t, pi. bugdt, bugydn, who seeks or desires passionately ; rebellious ; unjust ; tyrant ; bdgiya-t, adul- teress. ((i^) ba'aq, inf. ba'nq, befall ; — VII. befall suddenly. ii\>. bdq-in, see ^Vj bdqi ; — » bdqa-t, pi. bdqdt, batch of flowers, nose- gay ; bouquet. _^W bdqir, herd of cattle ; rich in goods and pastures ; great ; pi. bawdqir, ox ; lion ; — ii bdqira-t, sharp. giV? bdqi', spotted like a tiger ; hyena ; — 6 bdqi\i-t, prudent, cautious ; calamity. Ji*j bdqil, greengrocer ; name of a certain lazy blockhead. SkiVj bdqihV, ^^ bdqild, i'i^k bdqi- Idt, Egyptian bean. ;yW bdqilr, i bdqdra-t, herd of cattle ; bdqura-t, cow. J»i^ bdqill, pi. bawdqil, cup ; earthen inkstand (m.). ^^ bdqi ((3^ bdq-in), pi. bdqin, f. S, pi. bdqiydt, who remains, survives ; remaining, lasting ; «i)Vs 104 eternal ; God ; al-bdqi, rest, balance of an account ; al-haqi- ya-t, duration ; pi. remainders ; good actions. "^^ Idk-in, see (_/^ hdM. i^\i. hiiliir, early in the morning ; — ' hillcira-t, virgin ; bearing early fruit (palm-tree). j^W bdkih; first spring shower; f. » , premature. ^J^ hdki (>£)W bdk-iii), pi. hiil-dt, iukiyy, f. i hdlciya-t, pi. haivdhl, "weeping, lamenting ; bdkiija-i, female mourner. JW hdJ, heart, mind ; attention ; solicitude; — b^'d-in, see ^^'^. bdli, mouldering ; shabby garb ; — ' bdla-t, bale ; perfume-hag ; scent- bottle ; grief, sorrow ; whale ; • — bdlla-t, humidity ; drop ; ad- vantage. jJ^ bdlih, dry, bare. •^W bdlid, inhabitant of the country or town. ^(j bdJig, who reaches, penetrates ; f. i, of age; having attained to puberty ; excellent. gy^ bdlu', wide open, gaping abyss; — is bdh'i'a-f, pi. ba}V''iJi% sink, sewer, cloaca. jy\j hdhd, a little water ; drop. o^W bdli (JW hdl-iii), worn-out (clothes). (o^) bdn, '^ , the Egyjjtian willow ; y^J^ <_-=' habbu-'l-bdn-i, nutmeg. yU bdn-in, ijjVi hdni, f. hdniya-t, j)l. bunndf, bairdm, who builds, founds ; architect ; composer ; author ; — bdniyy, straight and slender (like the willow-tree). (5^) ba'ah, inf. ba'Ii, notice, com- prehend quickly (J li, s-> 60- »^ bdh, sexual intercourse; — bdh-in, see ^'^^ bdhi. u:^ii>\i bdJiU, liar ; slanderer ; (ni.) languid, pale ; astonished, per- plexed. jto^i bdhir, S, handsome; shining; admirable ; clear, distinct ; bdhi- rdf, ships. IsaV? bdhiz, oppressive, difficult ; important; aZ-&rt7n'z, calamity ; ' bdhiza-t, adversity. j*^ bdJiif/, sleeping, sleepy. JJ»^} bd/iil, pi. buhl, buhhal, freej at leisure; idler; bdliil, and i bdliUa-t, unmarried woman. ^*J bdhim, pi. bawdliim, thumb; big toe (m.). i_5*^ bdh I (ilj bdh-in) ; f . ' , empty ; having a wide cavity ; — bdhiyy, aphrodisiac. (^W , (^^) ba'd, A, TJ, INF. ba'ir, ba'wd', rise high and exert one's self in running (camel) ; surpass in glory ; glory, boast. }^ ba'w, glory, pride. j^Vj 6a/=ii3o beg (Turk.), Bey, prince, chief. i^>^. bd'it, passing the night ; a night old ; of yesterday ; stale. ^asj^ bd'ija-t, pi. bau-d'ij, misfor- tune. £j^ bd'ih, who promulgates a secret; (m.) traitor ; shameless. jj^ bd'ih, tired. •^ bd'id, perishable. ijS^ bd'is, poor, miserable. (ji»>j bd'id, laying eggs. jj^ bd'i', pi. bd'a-i, seller; in- former ; traitor ; a woman who has many suitors (pi. also bdu^li'i^). ijj^ bd'iq, of little value ; — » bd'iqa-t, pi. baird'iq, misfortune, calamity ; wrong. vii^M bailik, government ; fisc (Turk.). {^^ bd'in, distinct, evident. notorious ; f . a divorced woman ; f. pi. bawd' in, proof by four witnesses. i-s^M bdyiya-f, Palm-feast. -^ babb, sort, kind ; — S babba-t, saying "papa," prattle of chil- dren. tjW? babdn, bahbdn, kind ; manner ; way of living. U-^ babagd', babbaga', babgd', SU-^ babagdt, JU-j babagdl, parrot ; nightingale, (cw) batt, V, I, INF. batt, cut, lop ; "W 105 ^ be cut or lopped ; perform, ac- complisli ; decide ; over-drive an animal and be unable to com- plete one's journey ; — inf. batta-t, hatdt, divorce a wife for once and all; — inf. batilt, grow thin ; make and sell tbe head- dress li^ batt ; — cut off ; per- form quickly, despatch ; provide with provender ; — iv. cut off ; complete ; — v. get provided with provender ; furnish a house to live in ; — vii. be cut off, decided, finished. ; grow impotent. ct»> batt, pi. butfit, bitdt, a coarse piece of dress to cover the head ; hood, wrapper ; rope ; (m.) skein ; — s bita-t, stay, remaining, inf. of ("^^) ; — batta-t, cut, separation ; battat- an, al-batta-t, ^l-> &-> battat-an batlat-an, irrevocably ; (m.) not at all. (^) bata', INF. bat', remain, stay. vJ^ batnt, pi. abitta-t, travelling requisites ; supplies ; household things, furniture ; outfit ; hood ; anything separated from a whole ; divorce ; performance ; batdt-an, irrevocably ; — hattdt, maker and seller of the head- dress batt ; — (^ batdii, small casks, pi. of A-Ja batiyya-t. )^ battdr, butdr, sharp. £^ batd' (Eg.)=£^ matd', goods, property ; followed by pronomi- nal affixes it is used as a posses- sive adjective, f. batd'a-t, pi. butiV. tsJba battdk, sharp. JfUi batd'il, palm-shoots, &c., pi. of aJw batUa-t. (ya) batar, u, inf. batr, maim, curtail ; cut off ; outroot ; — batir, a, inf. batar, have lost the tail ; be childless, useless ; — II. annihilate ; — iv. curtail ; deprive of posterity ; give, and, by opposition, refuse; perform the morning prayer only at sunrise ; — viii. be cut off, lopped ; run. ^ya batrd', Mahomet's coat of mail. 6y^ batra-t, she-ass. (5^) bata', I, INF. bat', prepare the wine jsj bit' ; inf. butu', remove to a distance ; be cut off, sepa- rated ; — bati'. A., INF. bata', have a long neck, strong limbs ; follow one's head ; — vii. be cut off, separated. 5^ bit', bita', strong wine, mead ; — but', pi. of ^\ abta', whole, all. Ui} bat'd', f. of ^\ abta', whole, all ; strong of joints, (udxj) batah, i, u, inf. batlc, cut, cut off ; seize and draw towards one's self, offer violence ; — 11. cut ; — v., VII. be cut, cut off ; — S bitha-t, batha-t, pi. bitah, part, piece, portion ; night. ( J^) batal, u, INF. batl, cut off ; separate, sever ; — 11. cut off ; separate from (y.c 'aii) ; devote one's self entirely to (J li) ; — IV. sever ; — v., vii. be sepa- rated, severed; — v. devote one's self entirely to God ; — x. be severed. JjiJ batl, i , things separated ; sepa- ration. (y;>) batd, u, inf. batw, remain, stay. uwy^ battlt, INF. of ("w) ; — butut, pi. of u^. batt, q.v. gya batil', pi. of £*-« batd', q.v. ksJya batuk, sharp. JjiJ batul ( J«^ batil), virgin ; nun ; vestal ; al-butiU, al-butula-t, the Holy Virgin ; Patimah ; palm- shoot ; — h batuliyya-t, virginity. 1^ batiyy, table-cloth; towel ;= uul^ battdt, maker and seller of hoods ; — 6 battiyya-t, pi. batdti, small cask (m). S\^ bataira-t, sun. iltXi batila-t, pi. batd'il, palm- shoot ; fleshy limb ; buttock ; nun. 14 106 U"^ (>i-i) hass, I, tr, inf. bass, disperse, blow away ; publisii ; communi- cate, impart, bestow ; spread a doctrine ; — ii. disperse ; spread about, publisii ; — iii., iv. im- part a secret to (ace.) ; — vi. impart secrets to each other ; — VII. be dispersed, dissolved, published ; — viii. demand in- formation. «i-? lass, things spread about, dispersed ; publication ; state, condition; need; grief, sorrow; — 6 hisa-t, pi. t_^ hisa, ashes. *i>^ biscis, communication (of a secret). 0^) J^^ ibsa'arr, inf. ibsirdr, leap. (lA..^) basbas, inf. basbasa-f, raise dust ; spread about news. (j^)) basar, basur, v, inf. basr, basar, busur, get covered with pustules ; — V. same meaning. ^ii basr, much, and, by opposition, little ; — basir, covered with pustules; — 6, pi. busur, pustule, efflorescence (!:i>) basit, A, INF. basaf, swell. (^) basi'. A, INF. basa', husiV, be full, curl (lips). (j*i>) ^\ i6sa'ar=j^^ ihsa'ar, q.v. under (j^). (iJ^O basaq, v, inf. basq, basaq, tabsak, overflow and break the banks ; overflow with tears ; — INF. busuq, be brimful ; — ii. break the banks ; — vii. break forth ; inveigh against (^1^ '«?(() ; proceed from the father and the son (m.). i>i> basq, bisq, pi. busdq, place where the water breaks through. iJtia busla-t, celebrity. (^ busun, pi. gardens; — bisan, soft sand ; — ii basna-f, soft level ground ; fine woman with a soft skin ; butter ; best wheat ; abundance of wealth ; Bethauia ; — bisna-t, pi. bisan, soft level ground. (yi)) basi!, u, INF. basw, sweat, perspire. ;*^ basir, much, many ; covered with pustules. (s») %>', TJ. INF. bajj, prick open (a tumour) ; pierce ; fatten ; conquer ; — viii. almost burst with fat. gi bujj, a young bird, e^n 6it;Vy, stout, fat ; — » bujiija-t, contemptible fellow. jW bajild, pi. bujitd, a striped upper garment. f.jW-. bajdrim, pi. calamities. ,_SjW; bajilriyy, calamities, pi. of ^/r. buji-itj!/. JW-. bajnl, hajjiil, stately old man, prince; — ^ bajdla-t, tall hand- some woman. S^W bujdiva-t. Nubia. 5;L==-. bajbdj, i , fat man with shak- ing flesh; fool; babbler; heap of sand. (g.HF-.) bajbaj ; — li. inf. tabajbvj, be fat and loose ; (m.) be swollen (in the face) ; — » bajbaja-t, lullaby. (c=r.) bajih. A, inf. bajah, rejoice (n.) ; — II. rejoice (a.) ; — v. rejoice (n.) ; be delighted. j^. bajah, joy ; high rank, dignity. (ji=-.) bajad, i, biijiid, remain, stay ; remain on the pasture ; — ii. same meanings. Jir; bajd, troop of people, of horses (100 and more) ; — bujud, striped upper garments, pi. of jW bijdd ; — 6 bajda-t, root, origin ; essence of a thing ; desert ; — bajda-t, bujda-t, btijuda-t, deep and solid knowledge ; skill ; who adheres to his word. (;=r.) bajir, A, inf. bajar, be af- flicted with a rupture of the navel ; have a big belly ; be full of water or milk without being satiated ; be tired of a thing and desist from it {^^ 'an) ; — v. indulge in wine ; — xi. desist ; — S biijra-t, pi. bujar, navel; — ^ hujriyy, biijriyya-t, pi. bajdriyy, misfortune, calamity. (y«-p.) bajas, I, u, inf. bajs, open U*"=r. 107 a wound and let flow out the water ; gush forth ; — inf. hujns, scold ; — II. make the water flow ; — v., VII. break through ; flow out ; gush forth. u~r-. bajs, running water ; — htys, bujjas, raining cloud. (g=r.) baja', a, inf. laj', cut off, lop. C=r baja', pelican ; swan. ( J^.} bajal, INF. bajl, bujul, be in easy circumstances, good con- dition ; — bajil, A, inf. bajal, same meaning ; — bajul, inf. hajdla-t, bujul, be great and respected ; — ii. honour and praise ; applaud ; say it is enough for you; — iv. be suffi- cient for (ace). J=F. bajal, indeed ! verily ! yes ! ^' J==; it is enough now ! that will do ! J=-. J j zil bajal, a dispirited man without ambition ; — bajal, hujal, bujul, great calumny ; lie ; anything wonderful ; — s bajla-t, small tree ; of graceful figure. (^.) bajam, i, inf. bajm, bujilm, be silent ; hesitate ; contract (n.) ; — II. hesitate ; contract ; give a sharp look. (i^yri) II. bajjan, impress (upon the mind). (»)=r. bajwam, full of water. ji^. bajir, a great many, very nu- merous. (j~-iF, bajis, overflowing. J«=; bajil, respected old man ; honoured ; leader ; prince ; big, stout, coarse, rude. (j^) bahh, A, INF. bahh, bahah, bahdh, buhuh, bahdha-t, buhuha-t, be hoarse ; — say " pooh ! pooh ! " — II., IV. render hoarse ; — vii. be hoarse (m.) ; — viii. have plenty and above. j4 buhh, pi. of 2<\ abahh, hoarse, &c. ; gold coins ; gross timber ; — » bahha-t, woman with a rough voice ; — buhha-t, hoarseness. W" bahhd', f. of ^1 abahh, hoarse, &c., hill in the desert. g;!^. hahdbih, middles of houses, courtyards, &c., pi. of ^ft=^. bahbuha-t. '^^. bihds, disquisition ; disputa- tion ; — bahhds, disputant. t^. buhdh, hoarseness. ;^. bihdr, seas, &c., pi. of f^. bahr ; — lands, countries, &c., pi. of i|;=: bahra-t ; — bahhdr, pi. 5 bahhd- ra-t, mariner. yjj^=-, bahdrhi, days of crisis, &c., pi. of e^/^; bahrdn. cW. bahbdh, as long as broad ; — bahbdh-i, what a pity ! — i bah- bdha-t, shrew. (c*^-) bahbah, inf. bahbaha-t, abide in a place ; (m.) give abundantly; enrich ; — ii. inf. tabahbuh, abide in a place ; be in the middle of the premises ; (m.) live in abun- dance ; — 5 bahbaha-t, crowd, troop ; — (J bahbahiyy, living in plenty and happiness. ((jS^,^.) bahbas, inf. bahba^at, gather together, assemble (n.). Zft^. buhbiih, root ; middle ; ker- nel ; marrow ; — ii buhbdha-t, pi. bahdbih, middle of the house ; courtyard; open square; (m.) middle, centre. j^*=-. bahbilr, young bustard. (d-ss-.) bahut, INF. bahfda-t, be pure and unmixed ; — iii. inf. mubd- hata-t, love with pure and sincere affection ; be open with (ace.) ; give unmixed food to the cattle. ui^=n baht, » , pure, unmixed, un- alloyed. fs^. buhtur, short and stout ; great ; — ^ buhturiyy, same meaning. (i4.,o=.) lahas. A, INF. bahs, seek ; inquire ; examine, try, discuss ; — III. INF. mubdhasa-t, examine ; discuss ; dispute ;— v., vii., viii., X. seek for, inquire, investigate ; — VI. try to fathom (u* fi or y* 'an). 1^^:=-. bahs, pi. abhds, examination ; discussion; disputation; contro- 108 versy ; pi. huhits, mine ; a large snake ; wager, bet. (r^d iahsar, inf. bahsara-t, pick out and separate ; take out and uncover ; examine ; separate (milk) from the butter (n.) ; disperse ; squander ; — ii. inf. tabahsur, be picked out and separated ; — 6 bahsara-t, dissi- pation. (t)^=^.) bahsan, inf. hahsana-t, be lazy, negligent. gf^. bahah, hoarseness. ^^jAs-. buhduriyy, badly fed and not growing. (J"*^') bahdal, inf. bahdala-t, hav- ing a crooked shoulder ; walk fast ; — » bahdala-t, swiftness. (;==) bahar, inf. bahr, split wide ; — bahir. A, inf. bahar, be con- fused, perplexed (with fear) ; be overjoyed; be very thirsty; waste in flesh ; — iv. go to sea ; find the water salt ; be con- sumptive ; meet accidentally ; have a red nose ; have many pools of stagnating water ; — v., X. swim in riches, know- ledge, &c., as in a sea ; meditate profoundly ; travel towards the sea ; — x. be large as a sea ; walk about ; have full com- mand of the language. ^, bahr, pi. abhur, bahi'ir, hihdr, sea ; l=s5a*3\ ^^^iJ^ al-bahru-'l-inu- hit-u. Pacific ; «i>U)iiJ\ f^, bahru- 'z-zuhiuU-i,At\a,Titic; ^J''^^\j^J\ al-bahru-'l-wastdniyyu (L-yi+J^ 'l-mutawassit-u), fy^\ f^. baJiru- 'l-ritm-i, yi-^S^ j«-J\ al-bahru-'l- abyad-u, the Mediterranean;^ {j^ f=: bahr bontus, Jj~.S\ ja5J\ aZ-6aArM-'Z-aswad, the Black Sea; jj«=3^ j=-. bahrv-'l-hazar-i, the Cas- pian Sea ; ^^\ js-, bahrti-'l- qulzum, wiy f=: bahr suivais, j*a.S\ ^a5-!\ al-bahru-'l-ahmav-u, the Eed Sea ; large river (Nile) ; title of large works ; liberal man; generous; wide- stepping horse ; metre ; split ; — hahar, consumption ; con- fusion, &c., see If?) ; —bahir, confused, frightened ; _ very thirsty ; consumptive ; — * T}^h- ra-t, pi. buhr, bihdr, land, district ; low-lands ; park ; place or town with water ; Medina ; pond, basin. (^\f^. bahrdn, the Bahrein Islands ; — buhrdn, pi. bahdrin, critical day ; delirium ; — o buhrdniyy, pure and red (blood) ; foolish, mad. {i^f^) bahran, inf. bahrana-t, have a crisis ; be delirious. (^/^. bahriyy, referring or belonging to the sea ; sea-green ; from Bahrein ; — 5 bahriyya-t, mari- ners, sailors ; ship. (:y^.f^. bahrain, the two seas, the White and Black, Mediterra- nean and Euxine ; the Bahrein Islands. (y^.) bahaz. A, inf. bahz, box the ears. Ej^. bahzaj, calf ; foal of a camel ; dwarf ; short and stout. (lt-^^) for i^^-^^), dig and search the ground. Js". bahl, violent impulse. (u-^) II- tabahlas, have the hands empty, have nothing to do. ^ bahnd', large basket for dates ; large village or camp. 6i\i=r; bahndna-t, large spark ; large basket for dates. ^^. huhCda-t, purity, &c., see >i»^. bahhih, mighty disputant ; the Sura hf tauba-t of the Quran ; — buhus, pi. of *^-=^. bahs, mine, &c. ^^. buhuha-f, hoarseness, &c., see jf^. bahnr, wide-stepping courser; — buhdr, seas, &c., pi. of f=\ bahr. (u=^.), IV. INF. V=^.\ ibhd\ give way, refuse further service (beast of burden). £«»; bahih, greedy. o=-- 109 J^ _>«==; hahir, consumptive ; — S buhai- ra-t, small lake ; Medina. ^ ^ hah-in bah-in ! bah-i bah-i ! bah bah ! well done ! bravo ! — bahh, high-minded ; prince. (^. baht, destiny, fortune, luck, especially good luck ; j^\ ut«!fe; baht aswad, bad luck, misfor- tune ; — buht, Bactrian camel ; j^ u:,.s^_ bioht Nasar, Nabuchodo- nossor. g;S=p btihtaj, pi. bahdtij, cooked, boiled (Pers.). (r*^-) 6^'^^*'') I- S'lid II- have a graceful gait, balance in walk- ing, walk wantonly, swagger ; II. grow proud ; — » bahtara-t, graceful gait ; — ^5 hahtariyy, and — pi^. bihtir, having a graceful gait. (;^) bahsar, inf. bahsara-t, sepa- rate, disperse; — v. be separated, disperse (n.) ; — S bahsara-t, stain. O-^ bahdan, delicate girl. i]^) bahar, u, inf. bahr, steam ; — bahir, a, inf. bahdr, stink, have a bad smell, foul breath ; 11. fumigate ; smoke ; perfume ; — IV. cause the breath to be foul ; — V. perfume one's self, be perfumed. fr bahar, stench, foul breath ; — hahir, strong smell. (j*;) bahaz, inf. hahz, gouge an eye. ((-r-*;) bahas, a, inf. bahs, diminish ; injure ; wrong ; — 11., v. waste away; — vi. deceive and injure each other. i^*'. bahs, excessive taxes or tri- bute ; defect, injury ; defective measure, low price ; the gouging of an eye. (tr**'.) bahs, make a hole, pierce ; — II. give a gratuity (m.) ; — ii buhsa-t, pi. biihnj, abhds, hole. c r-"^ . bahsas, give a gratuity (m.). u^e-i^ bahsis, pi. baMSis, (m.) gratuity, present, bribe ; pin- money (Pers.). ((jo*:) bahas, a, inf. bahs, gouge ; — V. stare at with wonder. (d^-) io,ha', INF. ba¥, cut the throat ; commit suicide from despair; dig a well until water comes ; give sincere advice ; carry on with zeal ; believe the news ; (m.) blame publicly ; — bahi', INF. buhiV, bahd'a-t, sub- mit to (J li), plead guilty ; — 6 bah'a-t, public blame ; shame, putting to shame. ((3==:) bahaq, blind a person of one eye ; — bahaq, v, bahiq. A, grow blind ; — iv. knock out an eye. (3*^. bahuq, kerchief. (J*:) bahul, INF. buhl, bahal, be miserly, avaricious ; — 11. re- proach with avarice ; — iv. find miserly. J^, bahal, very miserly ; — buhul, J^. 110 \^ pi. of Jsi^. bahil, miserly ; — huhl, huhill, hahl, hahal, avarice ; — huhhal, pi. of ^y^\>. bdhil, miserly. '^. huhald', pi. of J-s*". hahil, miserly. I<^. hahni, any plant without a stalk. ({:>*'.) hahn, tall, long ; — (^.\ ih- hann, inf. (jU=£;\ ihhindn, sleep ; take an upright position ; — ibhilnn, ibha'ann, inf. ibhtndn, ibhi'iutn, die. i\,u=='. hahandd-t, ,^Ai==; hahanda, pi. hahdnid, ■well-made woman with delicate knuckles ; — ih- handa, be such. i3^ huhiaq (cd.^ htihnaJc), ker- chief, veil ; snail-shell. (j*^.) bahd, INF. fcaA*") subside, calm down. ^. bahw, bad date ; soft. ;^. hahur, pi. hahilnit, scent, per- fume ; fragrant wood for fumi- gation. Jj=^. buhfil, avarice. c=.-<=^. 6a^(7, fortunate, happy, lucky. (Jrt*^. bahiq, one-eyed, blind. Jt!==: bahil, pi. buhul, buhald' , miserly, avaricious. (jij) jj ji> 6a(i JatZ, well done ! bravo ! — badd, fatigue, tired- ness ; — bidd, similar, eqvial ; — budd, pi. bidada-t, abddd, idol ; separation; part, portion; equiva- lent ; flight, escape ; (^ -^ S Zti budd mill, there is no help from, one must; Id budd, by all means, necessarily ; — bad', pi. ^■^ budu', abdd', beginning ; master ; pi. ;•*} budtV, abdd', first portion of a slaughtered camel ; new well ; — S bidda-t, budda-t, power; pi. bidad, budad, portion, share ; — biidda-t, ex- treme. (.ij) badd, V, INF. badd, separate ; remove, keep separate ; injure ; place a cloth under the saddle ; — II. separate, disperse ; (m.) squander ; be drowsy with fatigue ; — III. INF. biddd, m.u- bddda-t, exchange goods ; — iv. distribute ; stretch the hand towards the ground; — v. sepa- rate (n.) ; get separated, dis- persed ; distribute between each other ; cover entirely ; — vi. fight man to man ; take as an equal ; — viii. two attack one on both sides ; two children suck one mother ; — x. treat a thing by or claim it for one's self ; usurp ; follow one's own head. (\jj) badd'. A, INF. ^ bad', begin, commence ; do a thing the first ; bring the first news ; emigrate ; pass, get the small-pox; — il. (m.) accept for a novice (in a convent) ; do one thing before (j_jlc 'ala) another ; — iv. make a beginning ; be the first to do ; create ; emigrate ; — v. begin; — viii. begin; do first before anything else ; (m.) be a novice. \-^ bad-an, first ; before all ; — buddd, inhabitants of the desert, &c., pi. of ^^J^J bddi ; — 4 had'a-f, a mushroom ; first portion of a slaughtered camel ; portion ; — bad'a-t, bid'a-t, bxid'a-t, begin- ning ; — bud'a-t, prince ; — badd- 'a-f, budd'a-t, beginning ; any- thing unexpected ; done or said ex tempore. cW baddh, pi. huduh, extensive and good laud ; — biddh, plains, pi. of c^ bidk. j\>i> baddd, challenge for combat ; — biddd, saddle-cloth ; — exchange of goods, INF. III. of (Jj) ; — biddd, baddd, portion, share ; contribution ; comrades. ;U> biddr, inf. hi. of jJj , q.v. ; — biddr-an, baddr-i, make haste ! look sharp ! be quick ! J\.vj hiddl, exchange, iii. of (JJ<) ; — badddl, dealer in victuals. t)\>^ baddn, » baddna-t, corpulence. u 111 t^. ^^•^ baddha-t, buddha-i, pi. badd'ih, beginning; anything unexpected; improvisation ; readiness. ii)W baddwa-t, first appearance ; beginning ; a mushroom ; — baddwa-t, biddwa-t, desert life ; — pi. baddwdt, efforts. j^jW baddiviyy, biddwiyy, referring to the desert ; inhabitant of the desert. •^^■^ badd'id, saddle-cloths, pi. of •J^-^ biddd. (S\.M, hadd'i', new things, &c., pi. of &«>i} badi'a-t. "ij^Jj badd'ih, unheard-of things, pi. of to\Aj baddha-t. ^^•ii baddya-t=^'ij\'^ baddwa-t, q.v. (c-^) badah, inp. badh, cut down, fell ; cleave ; beat ; do or say ex tempore, improvise ; commu- nicate a secret (sj hi) ; not be able to carry the burden ; press upon, be hard upon ; have an affected walk ; — v. have an af- fected walk ; — VI. throw at each other anything not hard. f^. bidh, pi. biddh, plain, spacious place, square ; — buduh, extensive and good lands, pi. of ^•^. baddh; — U.JO badah-an (adv.), openly, distinctly ; — 5 badha-t, court- yard. (fe-^) badah, badih, badtth, inf. badh, baddha-t, be in a high position ; (m.) be proud ; squander ; — v. boast, be proud. C-M badh, pride ; (m.) dissipation. \d.j^, budahd', pi. of ^.-^ badih, eminent, &c. JJu badad, need, want ; exchange ; power, ability ; badad-an, singly, dispersedly ; by way of ex- change ; — bidad, portions, pi. of '>^ bidda-t ; bklad-an, in portions; — s bidada-t, idols, &c., pi. of J*} budd. (_>A>) badar, u, inf. badur, badr, come quickly or unexpectedly upon {lJ\ ila) ; surprise ; break forth suddenly ; — iii. inf. nrn- bddara-t, biddr, hasten; over- take, anticipate; break forth suddenly ; improvise ; — iv. rise over one and light his journey (sun, moon) ; administer with full powers (guardian the for- tune of a ward); — vi. hasten together, hasten up ( J\ ila) ; — VIII. hasten ; surprise ; overtake, anticipate. )J^ badr, perfect state or condition ; pi. budur, full moon ; disc ; ma- ture youth ; prince ; — i badra-t, pi. bidar, full, fresh eye ; a weight (20 rati) ; pi. budur, bidar, milk- bucket of lamb's skin. (jj>^) badraq, inf. badraqa-t, waste, squander ; v. be squandered. i4;'i> badriyy, rain before winter time ; fat ; partaker in the battle of Badr. (gJj) bada', inf. bad', produce, originate, begin ; dig a well till water comes ; — badi', a, INF. bada', grow fat ; — badu', INF. badd'a-t, budii'a-t, be per- fect, incomparable ; — ii. impute a new invention, an innovation, a heresy to (ace.) anybody ; (m.) do anything extraordinary ; — IV. be the first to do a thing ; be original (poet) ; cause a heresy ; excel in doing a thing ; leave in the lurch, abandon in need ; — ubdi', his camel has become disabled ; — v. turn to- wards new things; — viii. pro- duce new things; — x. consider as new. gJj badi', new ; — bid', new, origi- nal ; invention ; eminent man ; fleshy body ; pi. abdd', budu', wonderful, incomparable ; — hud', pi. of JJ^ badi', wonderful, &c. ; — ii bid'a-t, pi. bida', any- thing new, innovation, heresy, schism ; oppression ; pig ; bida', pi. incomparable women. ^J^■^. bid'atiyij, tyrant ; heretic. ^^J>} bid'iyy, heretical. it^) badig, a, inf. badag, pollute 112 one's self witli a crime ; inf. hadg, crack nuts and almonds, f ^V badg, shells of nuts or almonds ; — ladig, polluted ; pi. hadignn, fat, strong. (J-M) badal, u, inf. badl, change, exchange, interchange ; mistake one thing for another ; — badil, A, INF. badal, have pains in the hands and joints; — ii. take or give in exchange ; change ; in- vert ; do one thing instead of another ; — iii. inf. mtibddala-t hidctl, give in exchange ; — iv. take in exchange ; change against (>-;-> bi) ; place a word in apposi- tion ; — V. accept in exchange ; get exchanged, mistaken, al- tered ; (m.) alternate, relieve one another ; change dress ; — have pains in the hands or joints ; wander ; — vi. inter- change ; — VII. be interchanged ; — X. demand an exchange ; ac- cept in exchange. J^ hadal, bidl, pi. abdiil, compen- sation ; substitution ; equiva- lent ; exchange ; apposition ; requital ; generous, magnani- mous ; J-^^ '~*)f^ hari'ifi(-'l- badal-i, letters which are inter- changed ; — badal, gout in the hand; — badil, gouty; — 5 bad- la-t, (m.) complete suit of clothes ; vestment ; — bidla-t, change of dress. S.XJ bvdala , substitutes, pi. of JiJ>} badil. (yJj) badan, u, inf. badn, budn, — hadvn, inf. hadti, baddn, hadana-f, grow corpulent, fat ; — II. grow old and weak ; be very rich ; clothe one with a coat of mail. y.i> badan, pi. abdiin, body, trunk; memlier ; entrenchment, ram- part, wall ; short coat of mail ; relationship, race, family ; dig- nity ; pi. abdiin, old mountain goat; a lady's belt; pi. bndihi, old; — badiii, old; stout, fat; — budun and buddan, pi. of (^.>i> , q.v. ; — 6 badana-t, pi. budun, animal to be sacrificed in Mecca according to a vow ; — iS badaniyy, bodily ; corpu- lent ; — h badaniyya-t, corpu- lence. (ajj) badah, a, inf. badh, come unexpectedly, surprise ; answer or speak ex tempore ; — iii. inf. mubddaha-t, come unex- pectedly ; — VI. practise impro- visation together ; — viii. speak ex tempore, improvise. 6J^ badh, budh, beginning. ( jJj) badd, V, commence, begin ; INF. badd' , go into the desert ; — INF. baddwa-t, living in the desert ; — inf. badtv, buduivw, badi', badd'a-t, appear; — inf. bad>v, badd', badd'a-t, occur sud- denly ; — badi, A, INF. bada, abound in mushrooms ; — iii. INF. mubdddt, transgress ; act unjustly ; show openly ; — iv. show or do openly ; do for the first time ; go beyond measure ; show ; — V. live in the desert ; show one's self, appear ; — vi. imitate or resemble the inhabi- tants of the desert ; show openly mutual hatred. j'i} badw, desert ; beginning ; — budu,', pi. of J^ bad' ; inf. of (j-^), q.v. uu^jjj hadawdf, pi. new opinions; innovations; uL^^•i^ ^^ -nbadawdt, fertile in new ideas, inventive ; tyrant. C;-^ badi'i/i, mystical word written under the address of a letter, as an invocation for its safe arrival, j;^ biidih; full moons, Ac, pi. of j^ badr, milk-buckets of lamb's skin, pi. of ij.^ badi-a-t. (ij^) badd, inf. bady, badi, begin ; — IV. go beyond measure ; — v., VIII. begin ; appear. O'*^ ba,diyy, new ; first. fcS'J^ 113 e^ (4-*» badih, pi. budahd', eminent in rank and dignity, 'ia-^ hadid, open plain; portman- teau ; pi. hadd'id, abidda-t, saddle-cloth ; equal, similar ; — » badida-t, calamity ; desert ; equal. Qi^. badl', pi. had', wonderful, astonishing, rare ; incompatible ; inventor, discoverer ; creator ; e»^ CJ-M badi' sani', the Holy Ghost ; invention, discovery ; ^.■^\ ^ 'alam albadi', art of fine style, rhetoric ; the human frame ; doubly twisted rope ; new leathern flask ; fat ; — « badi'a-t, pi. bada'i', anything wonderful, new, unheard-of. J?.-^ badil, pi. ahdcil, budald', sub- stitute ; an upright, pious man ; pi. the seventy just ones. {^•^ badin, pi. biidun, buddan, fat and strong. Wj>^ hadih-an, ij^j ^^ 'ala badih-in, unexpectedly ; ex tempore ; — S badiha-t, anything unexpected ; occurring thought, sally ; ex tempore speech ; improvisation ; (m.) beginning ; principle ; — ^ badiJiiyy, S , ex tempore, impro- vised ; unexpected ; (m.) from principle, essential ; pi. badihiy- ydt, unforeseen occurrences. (•^) ba?z, V, INF. bazz, bazim-t, conquer, overcome, overtake ; — baziz. A, INF. bazaza-t, bazdz, bizdz, buzuza-t, be in a bad condition, be badly off; be old and dirty ; — iii. inf. mubdzza-t, try to overtake ; — viii. inf. ibtizdz, receive one's due from another ; cut off ; — x. inf. istibzdz, treat a thing by or claim it for one's self ; usurp ; possess exclusively ; follow one's own head. •M bazz, victory, conquest ; old, worn out; dirty; f. », bad, equal ; — bizz, equal ; — 8 bizza-t, portion, share. Q^.) baza', A, INF. baz\ find abo- minable ; contemn, despise ; blame ; — bazi', offer no food (pasture ground) ; baza', bazi', bazu', INF. baza, bazd'a-t, be impudent ; — iii. inf. mubdzdt, bizd', talk or act impudently, commit fornication, adultery. •>Uj bazdz, 8 bazdza-t, bad con- dition; dirt (i>). j^'i? bizdr, pi. of j^ bizr, seed ; — » bazdra-t, bazdrra-t, dissipation, squandering; — buzdra-t, abun- dance ;, descendants. (c^) bazah, A, inf. bazh, split, wound ; peel, skin ; — baziJt, inf. bazah, be sore ; be of no use ; — V. rain. ci> bazh, pi. buznh, split; — hizh, wound or scar in the hand. (c-^) bazlh, bizih=^. bahh, well done ! bravo ! — bazah, inf. buzi'ih, be high, proud ; — bazih, A, INF. bazah, same meanings ; — V. id. fc>^ bazah, pride. (j^) bazar, v, inf. bazr, sow, scatter seed ; spread, preach ; push forth the seed (ground) ; — II. sow, scatter ; spread about, promulgate; squander; try, tempt one; — v. get foul and yellow (water). j-ii bazir, sower, winnower ; chat- terer ; abundant ; — bazr, grain of seed ; descendants ; pi. buzur, bizdr, seed, grain of seed ; — buzur, blabbers, pi. oi j}k bazilr; — 6 bazra-t, grain of seed ; child, son. (jjjj) bazraq, inf. bazraqa-t, pro- tect, escort ; — protector, who escorts ; — bazraqa-t, protection, escort. i^j-i? buzurra, vain ; dissipated, squandering. (gju) baza'. A, INF. baz, i., iv. frighten ; — i. drop, fall in drops. (jCJij), vcA>\ ibza'arr, inf. ibzi'rdr, flee and disperse ; try to reach a thing first. 15 jAj 114 ^h lazq, pi. hvzfiq, guide ; small. (;»'^), ;i\^ ihxaqarr=fi>^ ihza'ar; remain separate (blood in water). (laiJj) hazqat, INF. bazqata-t, waste (a.). • • (J'i}) bazal, I, u, INF. 6nzZ, give abundantly ; give with one's own hands ; take pains, make efforts; — V. do a thing one's self ; be not sparing with one's own ; waste ; dissipate ; — vi. give to each other; — viii.=v. ; use a thing daily. J'i} iazl, giving for a present ; generous gift ; — S h!:ht-t, every day dress. fcS^ bizldk, who promises without keeping his word. gJj^ bazlah, INF. bazlaha-t, promise without giving effect to the promise, ((♦•i}) bazum, inp. hazoma-t, keep one's senses in anger. (•■^ bvzm, full senses ; intellect ; perseverance ; strength ; skin ; fattiness ; thickness. (}^) bazu', V, INP. haza', hazii't, hazvj, talk ribaldry ; — iv. same meaning. Sjjij buziiza-t, bad condition. j}^ bnzur, pi. biizur, who blabs out secrets ; — htizih-, pi. of jj} bcizr, seed, &c. Jjjj haziral, libera], generous. ^5^ baz-aii, impudence, ribaldry; — haziyy, f. i, pi. ahzlijati, im- pudent, talking ribaldry ; — bazi', id. ; without food. hM baziz, equal ; — ' baziza-t, por- tion, share ; bad portion, bad clothing; victory. j>jj 6a^ii-, blabber ; slanderer; j^i^ yij ka?ir Idzir, much, many. ^?.>iJ baziw, i-clf-]iossessed ; power- ful ; i'oul (breath). (;>) larf, I ; bnfir, \, iNP. birr, act well towards God, parents, children ; make a pilgrimage ; be agreeable to God ; obey God ; — INF. harr, birr, hurur, be truthful; keep one's word or oath ; — ii. consider pious, just, truthful, or proclaim any- one to be so; justify; — "i- benefit ; live on a continent, in the country, in the desert; — IV. accept as duly performed ; confirm another's oath, sub- scribe to it ; live or travel in the country ; have many chil- dren ; be numerous ; conquer ; — V. be pious, obey God ; justify one's self; — vi. benefit each other, act with piety towards each other ; — viii. be separated from one's companions ; de- prive. j> barr, continent, shore, bank ; pi. barara-t, abrdr, beneficent, pious, charitable; just; truth- ful ; God ; faithfulness to one's oath ; — birr, loving conduct, piety ; good action ; present ; truthfulnesss ; pilgrimage to Mecca; paradise; heart; young fox ; — birr, burr, inf. of (/) ; — burr, pi. abrdr, wheat ; — bar', creation, creating; — bur, liberation ; recovery ; cure ; — » bura-t, pi. i^f. buran, birin, biiriyi, burdt, ring for the nose of a camel ; anklet. {\fi) bara', a, inf. bar', bvnV, create; — bari',A,v, inf. bard', bard'a-t, bnrfi', be free from guilt ; — bara', inf. bvr', b7irii' ; bari', inf. bar', ; burx', inf. bur', biiri'i', recover; — ii. inf. tabri'a-t, acquit; remit a debt; cause to recover ; — iii. inf. mubdrdf, dismiss in a friendly and peaceable way (a companion, a wife) ; — iv. = iii. ; enter on the first or last day of the month; — V. get acquitted of a debt or guilt ; take refuge to (^_^\ ila) for the take of acquittal ; — vi. declare each other free from any obligation ; — x. demand ac- quittal ; abstain from one's wife ; abstain ; enter on the 115 the first or last day of the month. V bira', pi. of ^^ hari\ recovered ; — barj\ bura, free, guiltless; INF. of (\;!) ; first or last day of a month; — bird', bin-d', pi. of t5;i hari', pure, innocent, free; — hurd\ shavings. &c., pi. of i-i\j) burdya-t ; — barr-aii, abroad, in foreign countries ; outdoors, outside ; — barrd', maker of bows ; — 8 bardt, knife for shaving; pen-knife; — bar'dt, pi. burd', hiding- place of a hunter ; — bard'a-t, innocence ; recovery ; bard'a-t zlmma-t, receij)t. '^sAji bardbik, tales, stories, lies, pi. of i^>j) barbaha-t. ua^j} bardt, letter ; diploma ; patent ; edict ; privilege ; assignment ; receipt; — burdt, rings for the noses of camels ; anklets, pi. of iji bura-t ; — burrd-t, birrd-t, pi. good actions. *si>lj> bardtik, pi. low hills. c\;J bardh, clear, distinct ; evil ; large desert ; cV J*^^ habil bardh, lion, hero ; cV -^ '* bardh, certainly, at once, im- mediately ; — bardh-i (birdh-i), sun. •i^jt burdd, cold ; inf. of (■iji) ; — 5 burdda-t, chips, shavings, tilings ; — barrdda-t, vessel for cooling water ; watering-place. yjjl;} bardzin, slow beasts of bur- den, &c., pi. of tj;j;> barzun. ji;\;> bardra-t, innocence. (4;!;} bardri, deserts, pi. of hji barriyya-t. )^;} bardz, vast plain ; — birdz, hu- man excrements ; stool ; sallying forth ; — s bardza-t, inf. of {)}'.)■ si'^ji bardxiq, iJ'jV bardzlq, as- semblies; by-paths, pi. of ^>>j;} barzig^. '^\jt bardsd', troop of people, people, number of men. (•*"U( burdsim, sharp-sighted. i^^\ji burdsin, staring at. ij'^ji birds, deserts, pi. of i»y barsa-t. /♦t^j! biirdtim, having thick lips. *'=1;} bard'a-t, distinction ; elegance. I*^^)i bard'im, mountain-heights. g^;> barrdg, cupper. ki-»:?c^;> bardcfis, fleas, pi. of '^f'fi barcjus. tr-iO^;! bardgis, pi. generous animals (camels). v3^;} burdq, the animal on which Mahomet ascended to heaven ; — barrdg, flashing, shining; f. i , beautiful, handsome ; — h barrdqiyya-t, splendour, bril- liancy. cs)\)> birdJc, pi. biirJc, sword-fish ; — blessing ; — bardk-i bardk-i, courage I take courage! — (m.) barrdk, miller ; — h burdkiyya-t, a kind of ship. '^\j> birdhV, pi. bard'ik, endurance in battle ; kneeling down. (JV) bur'al, INF. bar'ala-t, bristle up the feathers of the neck (cock in fighting) ; — ii., ix. the same. f>\i birdm, kettles, pi. of a,.^} bnr- ma-t ; — burdm, pi. abrima-t, sheep-louse. &Mj> bardmika-t, the Barmakides, pi. of o^j? barinakiyy. iA>\^ bardnik, a kind of black dresses, pi. of t)^^;* barnakdn, baratikdn. ^J\j> bardniyy, pots, &c., pi. of ^ji barniyya-t; — barrd)iiiiy,e\terna,\; foreign ; forged (^coin). A&^^> bardhini, f»4*>V bardhim, i bardhima-t, pi. of (•«*\;!\ ibrdhim, Abraham. y,*Ci\^ bardhman, pi. bardhima-t, Brahmin. . (^*a>\^ bardhin, arguments, &c., pi. of (Jjtj> hurhdn. k^/ bardyd', creatures, pi. of iiji bariyya-t, uiX^ji bard'ik, pi. of \^\} bardkd', q.v. Jfl;( burd'il, iji\)i buraila, small feathers of the neck ; plants ; V 116 ''}> — J )>\ ahu-hurd'il, ^ lurd'iliyy, cock. h^j> hurdya-t, pi. hura', shaving, chip, paring ; fat ; endurance on a long journey. _)^;) harbdr, murmuring, clattering, crying out ; lion. ij->^ji birbds, deep well. (^^) harbah, pi. hardbih, earthen water-pipe ; water-duct ; urinary canal from the kidneys ; sink, sewer, ^y^js harbahtiyy, chameleon. (a*) io-i^bar, INF. barbara-t, bleat ; be clamorous, noisy ; (m.) mur- mur, grumble. j>ji barbar, pi. bardbir, bardbira-t, native of Barbary ; — birbir, i , bleating of sheep ; — burbur, i , clamorous, noisy; — 4^ barbariyy, the same ; — h barbariyya-t, Barbary. (ij^.)i) barbae, inf. barbasa-t, seek, look for ; — 11. walk like a dog ; walk lightly, softly ; pass quickly. (w°*^) barbae, inf. » , water the ground abundantly. (Is?;}) barbat, pi. bardbit, lute, harp, (ci};}) barbak, inf. s , cheat ; tell stories (m.) ; — 'i barbaka-f, pi. bardbtl;, deceit ; fable, story, jy^ burbur, jjearl-wheat. (kij,>) barat, a, inf. bart, cut; — barit, a, inf. barat, be astonished, perplexed, confused ; — S burta-t, skill, cunning. yUu^ bortnqdn, orange, (cdjjj) bartah, firmly insist. J\^y bortuhdl, orange. {^js) baris, a, inf. baras, live in ease and enjoyment. »i»j> bars, pi. birds, abrds, buriis, bardrls, good soft ground ; sand- hill ; good guide. (Uy) barsat, inf. » , stay at home ; ascend a mountain ; sit with crossed legs (in Oriental fashion), squat. i^jt bursun, pi. bardsin, fleshy part of the paws ; paw ; hand. i^fji bursut-at, dangerous place. {tf.) barij, a, inf. baraj, have eyes, the white of which is visible all round the black; have food and drink in abundance ; look well ; — II., XV. build a tower ; II. predict from the stars; — v. display one's self in adornment (woman to men). sy haraj, pi. abrdj, of a handsome face; INF. of (e;»); — iwrj, pl- biirvj, abrdj, abrija-t, tower, castle; stations of the zodiac; angle ; support ; supreme power. Wy barjd', f . of E;}^ ahraj, having beautiful eyes. A=.j3 burjud, pl. bardjid, garment of a coarse material, or, by oppo- sition, a fine garment. (^ji) barjam, inf. » , speak rudely. if^^fi) burjum, burjuma-t, pl. bard- jim, middle joint of a finger ; middle finger ; knuckle. {j'-^iA-ji birjis, planet Jupiter. {Cf-) barah, inf. burdh, show the left side coming from the right ; — V, inf. bark, be angry ; — barih. A, inf. bardh, leave, dis- continue ; sojourn in the desert ; come to light ; become mani- fest ; — II. cause pain and trouble ; — iv. astonish, please ; do marvels ; honour ; injure ; — V. be grieved. C)i bark, misfortune, evil ; — S burha-t, pl. burah, excellent she- camel. U-jj buraM', greatest calamity ; paroxysm ; disorder ; grief. ^_^Ji barha, well hit ! tji barh, increase ; abundance ; cheapness ; power ; thinness, weakness ; cut of a sword ; — II. barrah, submit humbly. ^Ji.U.J} barkds', confusion. i\^£.ji burahdd-t, delicate, fleshy woman. (>iji) barad, u, inf. bard, be cold, freeze, make cold or freeze; die ; sleep ; — inf. htrdd, burud, 115' if- be weak, ill; dry up, get lean, thin ; be blunt ; cool with water ; put collyrium on the eye ; file ; beat ; kill ; send as a messenger ; be incontestable ; hail ; — barud, inf. burfcda-t, be cold ; be incontestable ; abate (n.) (pain) ; — ii. cool, refresh ; assuage ; abate (a.) ; — III. treat one coldly ; — iv. bring anything refreshing ; give anything cold to drink ; enter into the coolness of evening ; weaken ; send as a messenger ; — V. refresh one's self; take a cold bath ; abate (n.) ; — vi. treat each other coldly ; — viii. pour cold water upon one's self ; refresh one's self by a cold drink ; — x. find cold. •iji baracl, pi. burild, hail ; — bar id, cold, hailing (cloud) ; — bard, cold (s. and adj.) ; sleep, rest ; spittle ; al-barddn, morning and evening ; — burd, » , pi. burild, abrud, abrild, striped garment, upper garment ; wing (of a locust, &c.) ; fi-^ J;? burd fdhir, war ; — burud, messengers, &c., pi. of Jii^ barld; — » barada-t, barda-t, indigestion ; — barada-t, hail- stone ; middle of the eye ; — burda-t, pi. burad, striped upper garment ; curtain ; cloak of a dervish. \'ij> buradd', shiver of an ague. fcW;} birduh, polish, finish, com- pletion (m.). y^J;} barddn, cold, freezing. k\<>f. burddya-t, curtain, E^j} bardaj, prisoner (Pers.) (y«0;») birdis, haughty ; repugnant, ugly- icjy barda'tt't, pi. barddi', saddle- cloth, pack-saddle ; — ^■iy. bar- da'iyy, maker of such. ^J^iJ> bardiyy, papyrus ; branch ; wing of the locust ; — burdiyy, a kind of dates ; — » bardiyya-t, cold fever, ague. y»»>>;> birdis^ ij-'^ji birdis. (c**;?) bardah, I, 6 , smooth, polish ; complete ; — ii. get smoothed, polished ; be refined, civilised. t^}i burzaj, roar of a lion, (gj;?), ibranza, be ready, ^jjj barza'a-t^-i^-if. barda'a-t. (oV) barzan, inf. » , overcome, conquer ; not be able to answer from exhaustion ; walk as a beast of burden. (^}^}i birzaun (burzi'in), pi. (^A^ji bardzhi, slow beast of burden ; pack-horse ; Turkish horse. 6yj barara-t, pi. of j^ bdrr, inno- cent, &c. ( j;>) baraz, inf. buruz ; bariz, A, inf. baraz, go into the open plain ; appear ; show forth (n.) ; issue ; — baruz, inf. bardza-t, be abste- mious, virtuous ; — II. make come forward ; make known ; surpass others in virtue and bravery, in swiftness ; save his master by his swiftness (horse) ; go to stool ; — III. inf. mubdraza-t, step forward for a single com- bat ; fight a duel ; provoke ; — IV. make come forward, publish ; intend a journey ; take pure gold ; — V. go out ; — vi. come forward against each other for a single combat ; separate from the crowd to seek one's com- panion (mutually) ; — x. cause or wish anyone to come forward, anything to appear, j^ barz, intelligent ; venerable ; moderate ; one who goes forth ; open tract of land ; — 5 barza-t, respectable matron ; mountain summit ; steepness ; — birza-t, look, aspect. ^\)ji. birzdg^t)}'- burzug, q.v. {t')/) barzah, pi. bardzi/p, interval ; barrier ; medium ; isthmus ; time between death and resur- rection ; tomb ; abyss, depth ; the Holy Ghost, (icjji) barza'a-t, bed, couch, (gj^) burzug, liveliness, sprightli- ness ; well-grown fellow. J;» 118 tj' (Jj;^) burzal, heavy man. t}j}i burzi!ij=^j,^ hurzug. ^j-ii barziyy, venerable. i3?.};i birziq, pi. haroziq, assembly ; by-path. i:fi)ji birzin, cup of palm-tree wood. (ij->]i) baris, A, INF. haras, be hard on a debtor ; — ii. level and soften the around. ij-y! bars, opiate ; — hirs, bars, skill of a guide. ^/ barsd', troop, number of people. f>X-;> birsdm, pleurisy ; headache. (l*~')>), pass, hursini, suffer from pleurisy. (^)i) baras, spot on the nail; — burs, pi. abras', piebald ; — ix. ibrass, inf. ibrisds, be piebald ; — 6 bursa-t, spot (of a horse). (J^'y)) barns', INF. bars, fade (colour). gU^ birs'd' = ^ji hin'i'. |.U^ birsdm, sharp-sighted eye. yU.^ barsdn, people of the same creed ; — hursdn, wafer, holy wafer, host. <.t~&^> 6iVi«'<, soft-boiled egg (Pers.). Q^f:) bars'at, inf. i , tear with the teeth. (j&ji) birsi', tall and stout ; head- strong ; malicious ; stupid, foolish. (^jAjj) barsaq, inf. i , cut into pieces ; beat with a whip ; — III. inf. ibrinsdq, rejoice (n.) ; blossom ; expand (flower). »s^;j barsak, inf. s , divide and place separately. (l**'ji) bar.Him, inf. ', show one's grief in the face ; frown ; mark with dots of different colours ; — INF. ii , and birsdm, fix one's look at a thing {^\ ila). ((«Aj3) bars'atii, inf. i, brush (m.). j»«>^ burs urn, veil for the face. I«^;» barsdm, a high kind of palm- tree. i*tAji barsima-i, brush (m.). (ji^jt) baris, a, inf. baras (also used in the pass.), be a leper; — II. render similar to a leper; shave the head ; water the ground before tilling it; — iv. render a leper; have a leprous child; cure from leprosy; — v. graze entirely off. (jO;? baras, white leprosy; — bars, camel-louse; — biirs, pi. of y^;!^ abras, leprous; — s hirasa-t, pi. poisonous lizards ; — biirsa-f, pi. birds, dwelling-place of the demons, genii. ^■'ji barsd', grazed off; shining white ; f . of i^j>\ abras, leprous ; — burasd', pi. of ^j> baris, shining ; leprous. (>j^]i bars tun, leathern case for flasks, &c. i^f) barad, u, inf. bard, be little or few ; flow scantily ; — i, v, INF. bard, give little ; — inf. biirud, just sprout forth, so that the species cannot yet be recog- nised ; — II., IV. produce such sprouts in quantity ; — v. be satisfied with little ; receive anything piecemeal; sip with the edges of the lips. i^f. bard, pi. birdd, burdd, abrdd, a little, driblet ; — » barda-t, a little water. v>^;> bartds, pi. bardtis, sill (m.). iu-^f) bartas, inf. S, let beasts of burden. {&j>) barta', inf. S , be agitated, moved, in emotion. ( Jt;?) bartal, inf. » , give a present to the judge, bribe ; — ii. accept a bribe ; allow one's self to be bribed. Jt;} bartid, high cap; — S bartala-t, uuder-cap ; — bartuJla-t, small sun-shade. (^j>) bartam, inf. », stammer; swell with anger ; provoke to anger ; be very dark ; — ii. get angry at a speech. fJ'^i bartam, stammerer. (•y»j! birtinn, trunk (of an elephant, &c., m.). ^^ barfih, melon. (€;») bara', inf. burn', hari' and ti> 119 J;» haru', INF. bard'a-t, surpass others in knowledgre, virtue, beauty, ) bar'am, inf. », i., ii. bud forth. ft^ji bur'itm, 6 , pi. hard'im, (>jBj> bar'ilm, i , bud, chalice of a flower ; rose ; — pi. bard'hn, mountain heights. t/-**^ bir'is=ij-'iA}i bargh. {t}>) barg, spittle, drivel. tji barig, a, inf. barag, live in ease and enjoyment. >^-^^ bargas, inf. S , have fleas, be full of fleas ; — 6 bargasa-t, ash- colour. fy. bargvz, malicious. iLT^j)) bargas, fly ; — ibragass, inf. ibrigs'ds, recover from an illness or wound and be able to walk again. (J^;}) burgvl, pearl-wheat. j^j? bargal, inf. » , live in a place near water, or between culti- vated land and the desert. (ii»^jj) burgiis, pi. bardgis, flea. ^j> bargiyy, pi. bardgi, screw. (tr«*;0 birgis, patient ; not losing one's head ; — pi. bardgis, gene- rous camels. J^i;? birgil, pi. bardgil, country near water or between cultivated ground and desert. fiiji birfir, purple. (ii;0 baraq, v, inf. barq, buruq, burqdn, flash, lighten ; wink, threaten ; — inf. barq, bariq, burqdn, shine, glitter ; be bril- liant ; rise (star) ; adorn one's self ; — inf. barq, buruq ; bariq, A, INF. baraq, stare from fear ; burst through the heat (leathern pipe) ; — II. adorn one's self or one's house ; open the eyes wide and look sharp; undertake a long journey ; persist in rebel- lion ; be too diflScult for (sj bi) ; — IV. lighten ; threaten ; be struck by lightning; cause to flash ; adorn one's self ; desist ; unveil the face ; track a wild animal. sif. baraq, pi. abrdq, birqdn, burqdn, lamb, ram; fear, fright; — barq, pi. buruq, lightning; brilliancy, flash ; — buraq, necessary busi- ness, pi. of iiy biirqa-t ; — burq, pi. African lizards ; — S barqa-t, confusion ; (m.) pain in the loins; — burqa-t, pi. buraq, urgent business ; bad ground. ifeji;? barqafia-t, ugliness. liifji birqaruq, plum (m.). (u^/) barqas, inf. 6 , be varie- gated ; separate (n.) ; paint gaudily, adorn ; bungle ; set to (^ 'ala) ; — ii. be gaudily adorned ; (m.) be piebald. tA*y birqis, ijr^^j> y^ abil bardqii, finch ; — i barqasa-i, confusion ; being piebald. Q=^yt) barqat, inf. » , make short steps ; turn round in running ; disperse (a.) ; speak without order ; ascend a mountain ; sit in Oriental fashion ; — ii. fall on the back of the head ; get mingled in pasturing. i!=*;j barqata-t, short step. (^f.) barqa', inf. i , veil; cover one's animal; hit on the ears; — II. veil one's self. ^^. birqi', burqu', seventh heaven ; — burqa', burqu', pi. bardqi\ a lady's veil, which allows only the eyes to be seen ; curtain ; — 6 burqu'a-t, mark by branding (camel). (Ji;3) barqal, inf. », lie; lighten without raining. \J'')'f. barqi'J, pi. bardqii, worn-out shoe, gyy barqu', burqu', violent ; — burqu' =^)>. burqa', veil. ^3yy burqiiq, birquq, apricot, yellow plum. J->i;j birqil, ballista, cross-bow. *^}> 120 (usJy) baraJc, v, inf. huruJc, tabruk, kneel ; stand firm ; (m.) be obliged to remain, not be able to get away ; sit down ; rain continuously ; exert one's self ; — ir. kneel down; make kneel down ; (m.) cause to remain ; be miller ; — say a blessing ; — III. INF. muharaka-t, carry on a thing (i^ 'ala) assiduously ; bless, make bappy ; pray for (i^ 'ala) ; — iv. make the camel kneel down ; — v. be blessed, happy ; hope for blessing, hap- piness, or good luck ; congratu- late one's self ; insist on (>_> bi) ; — VI. be praised and hallowed (God) ; accept as a good omen ; be blessed, fortunate ; — viii. place the chest on the ground for the rider to mount (camel) ; fight on one's knees ; rush for- ward ; lean over one's work ; carry on assiduously ; pour out much water ; rain continuously ; insult ; — X. be blessed, find blessed ; — * baraka-t, pi. bara- kdt, blessing, happiness ; abun- dance ; fertility ; — birka-t, kneeling down ; upper part of the chest ; a striped stuff ; pi. birak, pond, fountain-basin ; milk-pail ; milking ; — burka-t, pi. burak, abruk, birkan, hurkan, duck ; frogs ; persons of rank ; tax ; tax-gatherers. y^> birkan, pi. of iif. burka-t, q.v. ; — burkdn, volcano (m.). (C^y) iarka', inf. » , cut, cut off ; throw on the ground ; — ii. fall down. (fj>) baram, inf. barm, fix, make firm; twist a rope tight; (m.) turn round, roam about ; — barim, a, inf. baram, be ill- tempered, peevish; be embar- rassed ; — II. turn to and fro (a.) ; make ill-tempered ; — iv. twist the rope doubly ; make firm ; render ill-tempered ; im- portune by questions ; — v. be ill-tempered ; — vii. be firmly twisted ; be fixed. (•;» baram, pi. dbrdm, toil, grief; miser ; trouble-feast ; unripe grapes ; mountain summits ; — barim, unbearable (person) ; — biirm, rope ; — 6 barma-t, turn, twist ; — burma-t, pi. burm, buram, birdm, stone vessel for cooking; kettle. o^/ barmakiyy, pi. bardmika-t, Barmakide. J?*;} bar mil, pi. bardmU, cask (m). ^^;? barndsd', man. ij^ji baranta, ill-tempered, peevish. 'sl.Ty baranjik, gauze, crape (Turk.). •^j! birand, birind, old sword ; glitter of a sword. (ij^ji) burnus, i>l. bardnis, a kind of hood ; prince ; — ii. tabarnas, put on a burnus. ^^~^j>. barnasd Q-^f. barnasd), man. (j^ji barnakdn, barankdn, pi. bard- nik, a black garment (Pers.). ^Jf. barraniyy, external, foreign ; — ' barniyya-t, pi. bardniyy, pot, vessel of earth or glass, jar ; young cock. ^^)i burnaita-t, pi. bardnit, hat (m.). (3t;»;^ barniq, hippopotamus ; — bir- niq, mud ; a mushroom. (Sy) barih, a, inf. barah, burhdn, recover, regain strength ; have a white body ; — iv. proffer convincing proofs or arguments, get the better by arguments. iSy barah, delicacy of the skin; fat ; — S barlia-t, biirJia-t, length of time. ^y> harhd, f. of Sjj^ abrah, white of skin. yU»^ burhdn, pi. bardhin, argument, demonstration, proof, evidence ; clear sign ; decision ; prince, leader ; — inf. of (»;>) ; — ^^ burhdniyy, demonstrative ; de- cisive ; convincing. (^^/) barahraha-t, handsome and lively, bright. 121 ♦*;> barahman, .^^ttj, harahinaiul, pi. bardhima-t, Brahman. (O^ji) barhan, INF. S, bring forth strong arguments, convincing proof ; testify ; — ii. dejnon- strate, argue ; be proved, de- monstrated ;— S barhana-t, de- monstration. ^j^y. barahnt, burlinf, pit of the damned souls. (;j}) bard, u, I^fF. hiAvw, smoothe, plane, shave ; create ; put a ring through the nose of a camel. }ji burn', recovery ; deliverance, rescue. '^^if- barawdf, diplomas, &c., pi. of ""\;? bardt. S)}i buriij, towers, &c., pi. of Sji biirj. t}ji bar Ah, passing from the right to the left. J;;? bar Ad, cold ; cooling ; — burud, striped garments, &c., pi. of >>;> burd ; inf. of (J;>), q.v. ; dul- ness ; — ii buruda-t, coolness ; coldness ; dulness. _)j/ buritr, faithfulness to one's oath. 3;;? burilz, getting known, becoming evident, INF. of (j;!). ^J'})! burud, pi. of ijo;! bard, a little ; INF. of (i>y). t))< bur A', perfection. (jjy} burAq, lightnings, &c., j)l. of x3y. barq ; inf. of {t3j>), q.v. >^y> burnk, kneeling, inf. of ('^^f) ; sweetmeat made of dates and butter ; — troops of camels, etc., pi. of '^ji barh; — i barwaha-t, female hedge-hog. ^jj> barulcd', endurance ; kneeling. (tsy) bara, i, inf. ^_sf. bar-an, bary, plane, shave ; make or mend a pen; emaciate (a.); (m.) tear bj use; — III. inf. mubdrdt, imi- tate ; compete ; separate in a peaceable way from a partner or wife ; cover with dust ; soil ; find sugar canes ; — v. present one's self; free one's self; — VI. imitate each other, emulate ; — vii. be smootlied (arrow, Ac.) ; be made or mended (pen) ; be emaciated ; present one's self; bo ready; — viii. smooth ; be smoothed ; — x. examine, spy out ; reconnoitre. Ci;! bar-an, earth, dust ; — buran, rings for the noses of camels, 111. of ij> bura-t ; — bariyy, smoothed, planed ; acquitted, free ; — bari' , pi. harinn, buraW, bird', abrd', iltri'd, burd', f. bari- 'a-f, pi. barid-t, bariyydt, bardyd, pure, guiltless, innocent, free; pi. hiri!', recovered, cured ; — burra, friendly word ; — barriyy, rustic, wild; continental; country, man, native ; external, foreign ; level; — S fearya-/, making of a pen; — bariyya-t, pi. bariyydt, bardyd, creature, people ; — bar- riyya-t, pi. bardri, desert. >^^_;? bari'dt, bariyydt, see ^j^i bari'. i.s-j;> barrit, pi. bardrit, desert ; — birrit, prudent guide or leader ; plain. ^.f. barlh, bad omen; — j~).f. f^ umm barih, crow ; calamity. ■iif. barld, pi. burud, ready ; mes- senger ; courier ; express ; J-i •^.)^\ hailu-'l-barid, relay horses; ■^.y^\ 1-— =»^ sdhibu-'l-lxtrid, jwst- master; a measure= 16 English miles. u~!;> harts, piebald. vjoj^ htrt^, pi. bura^d', shining; leprous; — bunds:, jsi,f. ^}. ahd buraif, lizard. ^.j> bari', excellent, f. harl'a-t, handsome and witty (woman). vjj;? bariq, brilliancy ; inf. of ( jy) ; — brig (m.) ; — i hariqd-t, pi. bard'iq, milk with butter; light- ning, flash ; brilliancy. ^i}> barik, pi. burk, blessed with abundance; barik and barika-t, dates with butter ; — brig (m.). 16 0;> 122 /»j;} harim, twisted ; string of pearls, &c. ; amulet ; motley crowd ; army ; mixed herd ; dawn ; suspicious ; al-harimdn, liver and hump of the camel as a dish ; — 6 harima-t, harri- ma-t, borer ; cork-screw ; screw. t>>;J burin, pi. of 8/ hura-t; — ' harrma-f, birrina-t=i*lf> hari- ma-t. <^j> huraih, ^y huraihim, little Abraham. (ji) hazz, V, capture, rob, plunder ; INF. hazz, hizzizd, conquer, van- quish ; — VIII. INF. ihtizdz, take from by violence, rob. ;} bazz, fine linen; silk; clothing; armour ; drapery ; superiority ; victory ; end ; inf. of (^>) ; — hizz, pi. bizdz, abzdz, nipple ; bosom ; (m.) mouth-piece of a pipe ; — 6 bizza-t, rich robe of honour ; garb ; arms, armour ; form, figure. )>\y. buzdhiz, agile, active ; strong but not brave. E^j> hizdj, boast, swagger. Sj'^^y bazddira-t, falconers, pi. of j^jjVj hdzddr. jV> bazzdr, seller of linseed, of grain. j^j> hazzuz, linen-draper, draper ; merchant ; — * hizdza-t, linen trade. g\;> husd', active servant ; — S bazd'a-t, good breeding, being well brought up. i3\)i bitzdq, spittle, saliva. J\j! bizdl, huzdl, bung ; bung- hole. l\-f. huzd-t, falcons, hawks, pi. of jV) hdz. (;fj>.) bazbaz, inf. «, urge on; walk fast; take to flight; move about much and quickly ; conciliate ; disquiet ; steal, rob ; throw away. yyi biizbuz, agile, active. (CjO hurjij, V, INF. ha::j, Ijoast ; irritate against (^Lc 'ala) ; — II. ad<.irn ; — III. INF. nuib'tznja-f, hizdj, boast; — VI. contest fo glory. (cjO bazah, i, inf. hazh, take the merchandise without weighing or measuring; — ii. show ones self submissive ; — vi. desist. C)! bazah, hump on the chest. •>)> bazd, scabbard. (ji)0 bazar, i, inf. bazr, beat ; sow (a field) ; blow the nose ; fill ; — II. sprout ; make ears (corn) ; grow grain (ear) ; lay eggs (silk-worm) ; — v. descend from the Banu Bazra. )j> bazr, bizr, s , pi. buzur, seed, grain of seed ; egg of the silk- worm; pi. abzlr, abdzir, herbs for seasoning ; descendant ; mucus. \y. bazrd', woman who has many children. 3j? bazaz, arms, armour. (gj>) hazu', inf. hazi'a-i, be hand- some, witty, and well bred ; be pert, saucy ; — inf. baz', in- crease ; — V. be handsome, well bred ; be rife, rampant ; threaten (danger), (g)?) bazag, u, inf. baz'j, bleed with a lancet ; — inf. bazg, buzug, be on the point of rising ; push (tooth of a camel) ; peep forth. gj> bazrj, lancet, (jij?) buzgiir, malicious. ( jj!) bazaq, v, inf. bazq, sow the ground; spit; throw out; rise (sun) ; — 6 hazqa-t, spittle, saliva. ^;? hazaqd, quick walk. (Jj>) bazal, u, inf. bazJ, split ; tap a cask ; clarify the wine ; cut off ; decide ; — ii. split ; tap ; clarify; — v. split (u.) ; tap; — vii. S]ilit (n.), get split; — vill. open (n.) ; tap ; bid to broach ; clarify. J;> bitzl, goat. 5j; hazld', good idea or advice ; niisfurtuue; S^ iJai- hatta-i hazld', the line butween good and evil. t}'- 123 ((•)?) bazam, i, ir, inf. hazm, bite with the fore-teeth ; carry a burden for a long time; milk a camel ; draw the bow-string with fore-finger and thumb ; rob ; resolve firmly ; speak rudely ; break into pieces ; — IV. give ; — VIII. pass the day in (particif>le or aorist). I«j} hazm, firm resolution ; harsh word ; break, rupture ; — » baz- ma-t, meal ; weight of 10 dirham. (fc^>0 bazmah, inf. S , be proud. (}^) bazd, tS)> baza, v, inf. bazw, be in equilibrium, be on.''s equal ; raise one's self above (ijl* 'ala) another ; accustom one's self to, become familiar with (s-> hi) ; overcome by force and carry off; — bazd, v, bazi, INF. baz-an, be hump-chested ; — IV. be one's equal in (v» bi) ; overcome by force and carry off; wrong; give the suck; — vi. make long strides ; boast of things one has not got. jj)» bazw, in equilibrium with others, equal to others. (^^■ji bazawdn, attack ; impulsive- ness, impetuosity. (4y)} bazdv'yy, greengrocer ; seed- merchant. t)ji bazilg, sunrise. Jjjjj bazul, pi. buzul, camel 9 years of age (pushing its corner- tooth). ts)> baziyy, foster-brother. ^.^ baztj, thankful. ^5j>j? bizziza, victory, conquest. g)} bazi', wide awake ; eloquent ; agile ; impudent. (y~>) bass, u, INF. bass, drive the camels slowly on by the call baal bas ! prepare or eat the digti i__j-«i^ basisa-t; — send out cattle, goods, scouts, to different countries ; demand ; exert one's self ; pass, be crushed, sink, become dust (the mountains) ; — IV. drive on or decoy camels by the call bas! bas! decoy goats to the water ; — vii. be sent out ; dissolve (n.). u~) 6ass, demand, request ; power; strength ; work, labour ; zeal ; sufficiency, enough ; — bass, biss, 6 bissa-t, pi. bisas, domestic cat. (V^>) basd', basi, a, inf. bas', basa', basd', busiV, become familiar, intimate with (v* bi) ; — i, inf. has', busiV, get accustomed to (v bi) ; despise ; — iv. make familiar, accustom. (3;'W hasdtiq, pottery, &o., pi. of *j>j"— ! bcistaqa-t. yrr'^— ! basdtin, gardens, pi. of y^-~» bustdn. j_3V'^— ! basdtiniyy, gardener. iij^_} bisdra-t, summer-rain. i—L-! bassdsa-t, Mecca. LL-! basdf, v.ist plain; open country ; surface ; large pot ; — bisdf, pi. busut, covering, cai-pet, mat, cushion ; pi. hist, bust, busut, she-camels with sucking foals ; — 6 basdla-t, free talk, ingenuous- ness ; simplicity ; — ^^ hisdtiyy, pedlar, shopkeeper (m.). ^jV—j huslq, spittle. JU.> basal, bisdl, see ( J-~0 ; — ^ basdla-t, bravery, prowess, hero- ism ; contempt of death. |.V~.! bassdm, who smiles much. (jrtL — 1 basbds, fennel. ((_,«^.-->) basbas, inf. » , walk very fast ; set quickly to ; decoy by the call bas ! bas ! endure ; — ii. flow. (_;~i.-) basbas, desert; silly beha- viour or talk. yU~^ bustdn, pi. basdtin, garden (Pers.) ; — bustdniyy, gardener. gs„j bastoj, frankincense. (ty:-.!) bistar{, she-camel with foal. (^iv.;) bastaq, servant. (ji^;i_} bustaqdn, gardener; field- watch. ^a,;*-! bustanjiyy, pi. bustanjiyya-t, gardener. 124 (»— > Aij~_} hastiiqa-t, pi. basdtiq, earthen- ware ; water- jug. •i— > hiissa?, coral (Pers.). (; — >) hasar, v, inf. hasr, do hastily, precipitately ; do or demand anything before the proper time (also iv., v., viii.) ; begin, commence (s-> bi) ; sub- due, offer violence ; — inf. basr, basiir, show a severe face, frown ; pass, have piles ; — iv. see i. ; press unripe dates ; stop, stick fast (ship) ; — v. see i. ; gel benumbed ; be cold ; — viii. see I. ; begin, commence (s-" 61) ; get benumbed ; subdue ; oppress ; pass, change (colour). )-~i basr, cold water ; first begin- ning ; — busr, dates beginning to ripen ; pi. bisdr, refreshing rain ; fresh and tender ; — S busra-t, busura-t, pi. busur, busurdt, date beginning to ripen ; rising sun ; first germ ; glass beads. (k~j) basat, V, inf. bast, spread ; stretch out or open the hand ; cheer, rejoice (a.) ; hold (as a room) ; be large enough ; render more excellent, bolder ; accept an excuse ; — basuf, overcome one's own timidity, get bolder ; — II. spread; — mubdsata-f, be without timidity ; speak out freely ; receive anybody with joy ; — v., VII. be extended, long; wander far, travel; be without timidity, put off re- straint ; — VII. be cheerful, merry, rejoice, divert one's self ; make too free with (^J^ 'ala). Is— > bast, spreading, &c., inf. of f}"—^) ; joy; cheerfulness ; amuse- ment ; intoxicating paste of hemp and tobacco ; — bist, i bisfat, bust, busut, pi. absdf, hisut, bisdt, busdt, camel with sucking foal on the pasture ; open ; liberal ; — busvt, pi. of la~~! basit, wide, extensive, &c. ; — » basfa-t, bvs- (a-t, deep knowledge ; distinc- tion ; largeness and abundance ; extension; (m.) pedestal; — tS bastiyy, seller of !»~J bast, q.v. ; — h hasfiyya-t, pleasure, amuse- ment. ((3-~i) basaq, v, inf. basq, spit ; — inf. busiiq, be high ; surpass ; — II. make long ; keep waiting a long time ; importune ; molest. Ji-} buskiil, the hindmost horse in a race. (J_j) basal, V, inf. basl, blame, reproach ; hasten, urge on ; take l^iecemeal and by degrees ; shut up ; allow ; — inf. biisiil, be for- bidden ; grow thick (milk, &c.) ; — basul, inf. basdia-t, basdl, be of severe looks, courageous, brave, terrible ; — 11. loathe ; — III. inf. mubdsala-t, attack with fury ; outflank an enemy ; — iv. forbid ; offer as a pledge ; give a commission, charge with (J It or y-> bi) ; devote one's self to death or destruction ; cook or dry unripe dates ; — v. frown ; be avoided, shunned ; defy danger ; — viii. receive one's fee ; devote one's self to death (also X.). J — > basal, yes, so it is ; — basil, severe-looking ; bold ; — basl, forbidden, and, by opposition, lawful ; repulsive ; haste ; violence, severity ; blame ; im- prisonment, prison ; torture ; IL-j %~i basl-an basl-an. Amen! Amen ! iJ !X— > basl-an la-hu, %^\ f !L-i basl-an tva asl-an, woe to him ! — busl, busul, pi. of J— W bdsil, bold, itc. ; — » busla-f, fee of the snake-charmer. X~> busald', pi. of J-Vj bdsil, bold, &c. (,♦—>) basam, i, inf. basm (also v. and VIII.), smile. I*~i bism, for iU\ ^1 bi'smi-'l-ldh-i, in the name of God. J*-~> basinal, inf. S , pronounce the above words; — basmala-t, invo- cation of God. (>-.» 125 e^ (t>-~») hasan, beautiful ; hence iv. ahsam, be beautiful. ))—i basur, severe-looking, grim ; lion; — husur, inf. of (j~-i). ^y^ busiiq, growth; inf. of (i3~}). (,/»*—? basis, a little ; — 8 baska-t, flour roasted in butter ; scraped cheese ; tale-bearing ; spying, INF. of (u~}). !s~«-> basit, pi. busut, wide, ex- tensive, level ; supierficial ; pi. busatd, basd'it, simple, not com- pound ; single ; naive, artless, open, free ; liberal ; name of a metre : mustaf'ilun fd'ilun mus- ta/'ilun fd'ilun twice repeated ; — » haslta-t, open country ; sur- face of the earth ; sun-dial ; quadrant ; she-camel with her foal; clear and simple matter; pi. basd'it, element. Ji~-> basil, severe-looking ; re- pulsive ; — i basila-t, bitter taste. I^t—i basim, smiling; sprightly. (^~«> busain, s , cat, kitten. (cAj) bass. A, INF. hass, basdsa-t, show an open, friendly face ; receive with friendliness; rejoice at seeing again ; rejoice at (^ bi) ; — IV. be densely overgrown, produce the first plants. ij^. bass, open, friendly ; joyful reception ; joy at seeing again. .LiJ busdr, pi. vilest of men ; — » basdra-t, bisdra-t, busdra-t, news, happy tidings, gospel ; — basdra-t, pi. basd'ir, beauty ; — busdra-t, guerdon for good news ; scurf ; — bassdra-t, butterfly. j1.Uj baSds, friendly, humane ; — ii basdsa-t^=j^ bai's'; inf. of (cAJ). £^ basd', indigestion ; — 6 bas'd'a-t, ugliness. o^! baSsak, great liar. ^ti< basd'ir, messengers of joyful news ; — pi. of basdra-t, beauty. ixifSA} bastahta-t, writing-table, portfolio (Pers.). &Va-^ badhdna-t, ante-room ; vesti- bule (Pers.). (;Aj) basar, u, inf. basr, peel, pare, shave so as to render the skin visible ; eat the ground bai'e (locusts) ; take a business into one's own hands ; — u, inf. basr, biistir, bi'ing good news ; report ; receive ; have sexual intercourse ; — i, basir, a, inf. basar, rejoice at ; — ii. gladden by good news; — iii. inf. mu- bdsara-t, id. ; take a matter into one's own hands ; exercise a profession ; have sexual inter- course ; — iv. shave to the skin ; bring good news or rejoice at it ; rejoice ; get covered with plants ; adorn ; — vi. receive good news from each other ; — X. gladden by good news; rejoice at such, expect it. yi'i basar, pi. abs'dr, human skin ; man, mankind ; j^\ ji\ abi'i-'l- basar-i, Adam ; abit basar -in, dessert, sweetmeats ; — bisr, open, joyful countenance ; joy ; cheerful welcome ; — busr, good tidings ; busr and \^. bus'ard', messengers of good news, &c., pi. of yt~) basir; — S basara-t, pi. basar, epidermis; surface; human frame ; humanity, man- kind ; — ^J busrd, pi. busrawdt, happy tidings, gospel; — basariyy, human, referring to mankind, mortal ; — ^ basariyya-t, human nature, humanity. (IsAj) II. and iv. hasten (n. and a.). (C^) basi', A, INF. basa\ basd'a-t, have a foul breath, bad or in- sipid taste ; be ugly, disgusting, hateful ; be too narrow (bed of a river) ; be not equal to (s-> bi) a thing ; have horror or disgust of (y^ min) ; — ii. disfigure ; blacken, calumniate ; commit evil ; — V. be ugly, repulsive ; — X. find ugly, disgusting, &c. ; be unsuccessful. gAj bas'i', ugly; having a bad taste; stale and insipid ; smelling badly ; objectionable, shocking ; 126 who eats or does bad things ; knotty, f. 4 ; — i bas'a'at, pelican. (j-*-i) pass, busig, inf. hasg, be watered by a drizzling rain ; — IV. water by a drizzling rain. j-i^ basg, drizzling rain. {(^■^) bas'aq, I, INF. bas'q; — basiq, A, INF. basaq, beat with a stick ; strain one's look ; — basaq, not be able to proceed any further. (uiUj) basak, u, inf. bask, do badly or preci]jitately, bungle ; sow with large stitches ; lie ; cut ; loosen the tether of a camel ; mix ; urge on ; walk fast ; step lightly ; — viii. lie ; be cut off ; disparage ; run fast. cil^ bash, precipitation ; lie ; cutting off ; • — bask, basak, swiftness ; see (u^^). ^^■^ biiskdniyy, stupid ; gibber- ing ; not knowing Arabic. ^_^^ bas'aka, swift, agile. ( Jl^) baslal, INF. 6 , bring a thing or a person into confusion ; — II. be in confusion (m.) ; — S baslala-t, confusion. (i*^) basim. A, inf. bas'am, suffer from indigestion ; loathe ; ^ iv. cause indigestion ; — vii. (m.) = 1. ^»^ basam, indigestion, oppres- sion of the stomach ; — basim, suffering from indigestion, loathing, over-eaten. LU-io bismdt, biscuit, rusk. (^i) basd, V, INF. basw, be of excellent disposition. ))^ biisur, joyful tidings, inf. of O^jA} basi'is, friendly, smiling. ^-"S-} basir, * , pi. humn'i' , busr, messenger of good news; beau- tiful, handsome. (j~^A} basis, brisk and sprightly ; — 6 basisa-l, one's own money ; one's own things. Je-i4 hasi', ugly ; smelling badly ; repulsive ; rejirobate, abject. &c. (yo)) /<((.>'.;•■, I, INF, bafif, shine glitter ; give (little) ; exude ; — II. show the first vegetation ; open the eyes for the first time ; caress, coax ; — iv. inf. lasds, exude ; show the first vegetation. W bis-an, bisd', castration. ;L«> bisdr, inf. hi. of (/«)) ; — bassdr, who looks sharply ; soothsayer ; — » bisdra-t, insight. ^_^LJ} bassds, having flashing eyes ; — i bassdsa-t, eye ; (m.) spy, watch, sentinel, vedette. jUij hafdq, spittle ; a species of the palm-tree; a kind of camel. Jlo} bussdl, seller of onions. (j^loj) bufdn, bussdn, pi. -dt and absina-t, month of Eabi' II. ^^i~s> basbds, i, quick, swift ; agile ; little water ; bread ; grass-fibre ; al-basbds, milk. (ya~c>) basbas, inf. i , reflect, reverberate ; show the first vege- tation ; walk fast ; wag the tail ; caress ; op)en the eyes for the first time ; (m.) wink with (^_^ fi) the eyes. jsf^. basbi'f, pupil of the eye (m.). (_;«>) 6asiV, A, INF. basar; — basur, inf. basdra-t, bisdra-t, perceive, see, recognise (v 60 ; — ii. cause to see or recognise, show ; reveal secrets ; instruct ; open the eyes ; cut ; dissect and loosen from the bones ; cut off the head ; go to Bassorah ; — ill. vie, who sees, perceives, recognises first ; look out from on high ; — iv. look, whether one can perceive or recognise ; perceive (s-> bi) ; be distinct, recognisable ; have any- thing cut into pieces ; go to Bassorah ; — v. look, whether one can perceive ; see distinctly, recognise ; look at, contemplate, reflect ; understand ; see through secrets ; — vi. see or try to see each other ; pretend to see or recognise ; — x. observe atten- tively, try to recognise, recog- nise ; be seen, recognised. 127 fr^ _ya> hasar, seeing, sight ; pi. absdr, what appears to the eye, spec- tacle, sight ; eye ; discernment ; intelligence; j^\ i^ salautu-'l- hasar-i, prayer of morning and evening, dusk ; — basr, skin ; INP. of ( j-a>) ; — husr, skin ; rind, crust ; edge, border ; cotton ; — 5 basra-t, hisra-t, basai-a-t, bisara-t, Bassorah ; al-basratun, Bassorah and JJoufah ; — ^J ba.^riyij, of or from Bassorah. \y^. busaru, pi. of ;«-^ ba>:!r, q.v. (_Uj) = (U_>). (g'o)) basa', A, INF. bas', gather, take with one's self ; flow, stream ; — ii. come forth in drops. ^> bas', small crevice ; span be- tween thumb and middle finger ; thick cloth ; — bis', beginning of the night; — bus', pi. of absa', whole, all ; stupid ; — drops of persj^iratiou, pi. of 5*-=} basi'. ^*^ bas'a, f. of J-=>\ absa', stupid ; whole, all. (v>«=?) basaq, u, inf. basq, spit. J^) basal, 6 , onion, bulb. ^}^ bassal, and v. tabassal, skin, peel ; undress, rob of the clothes ; v. question, cross- examine. ^ basm, interval, span between the third and little finger. ^ basam, inf. i , print upon (m. from Turk.) ; f*^ ^^ sd'a-t basam, repeating watch ; — 6 6asTOa-i, printing- mark ; printed pattern (on stuffs). (y^) basd, r, inf. basw, press a debtor, dun ; — S baswa-t, live coal, spark. ^i basir, pi. busard', seeing, sharp- sighted, discerning, intelligent ; God; connoisseur; — * basira-t, pi. basd'ir, look, sight; sagacity, penetration ; cautiousness, pru- dence ; opinion ; tenet ; demon- stration ; evidence ; meditation ; armour ; shield. ya~a> basis, shining, brilliant ; splendour ; fright ; inf. of £«-=> basi', pi. 6ms, drops of per- spiration, (i/i) badd (badad, badid), i, a, inf. budi'ida-t, be plump with delicate skin ; — i, inf. badd, baditd, badid, flow slowly out, drip, ooze ; give sparingly ; tune the strings of an instrument; — 11. be soft and delicate ; — iv. give sparingly ; — v. receive a debt by small instalments ; take everything from (ace.) ; — viii. sell one's self from need ; totally annihilate. (j6> badd, S , plump with delicate skin ; small gift ; — also s badda-t, sour milk. yijlii buddbid, strong, brave. yolij biddd, wells or leathern bags with little water, pi. of {^f^ badiid ; — 6 haddda-f, plump with a delicate skin (girl) ; — buddda-t, little water. gU} bidd', sexual intercourse ; — parts, portions, &c., pi. of *«^ bad'a-t ; — ii bidd'a-t, pi. badd'i', capital ; stock or share in trade ; merchandise ; price ; present to the judge. yUa buddn, month of Eabi' II. (^U-=tf badbdd, coll. mushrooms. \^ \j^ bidr-an midr-an, shed un- avenged (blood). *j-o> badra-t, vanities. yii-ij badad, little water. (g^) bada', a, inf. bad', cut off ; split, cleave ; shred, dissect, cut into pieces ; marry ; have sexual intercourse ; explain ; be clear, intelligible ; stick to the eye- lashes (tears) ; — inf. buda', understand ; be foiled ; — inf. bad', badd', biidd', be impreg- nated with water ; — 11. cut off ; — III. mubdda'a-t, lie with a woman ; — iv. explain ; (two ace.) ; give in marriage ; invest a capital ; quench another's fr^ 128 > thirst ; pledge with wine ; ex- plain or answer satisfactorily ; — V. i)erspire ; (m.) buy goods, make purchases ; — vii. be cut off ; — VIII. be clear, intelligible ; X. invest a capital ; traiEc. ^ had', pi. of gi-iJ ba(/i'; — bifl\ had', part of the night ; part ; small number of people, less than 20 (m. bad'a-t, f. had') ; the numeral 7; — bud', pudenda of a woman ; marriage-contract ; sexual intercourse ; divorce ; — 6 bad'a-t, bid'a-t, pi. bad', hida', hidd', part, jiortion ; piece, slice ; — bada'a-t, pi. of ^t:^> badi', cutting, sharp, Ac, q.v. (u=L=j) badah, l, inf. badh, cut off, lop. if^) badam, u, inf. badm, grow thick in grain ; swell by degrees. 1^ badm, soul, self. ijo^ hadud, \A. hidiid, well or leathern bags with little water. '^j-^ badilJc, sharp, cutting. (J^> hadid, INF. of (j^) ; — ' badi- da-i, little water ; drizzling rain ; plump and with a delicate skin ; property. 5«-ii> badi', pi. had', partner, asso- ciate ; flesh ; perspiratiou ; sea ; good water; island. (la) baft, V, INF. hatt, cut open ; — II. trade with ducks and geese ; be enfeebled, low in health or circumstances; — iv. buy a small jug of oil. h bat, for hdtil, false, vain, de- lusive ; — batf, 4, pi. huti'it, duck; goose; — ii batta-t, she- bear; low bottle, flask, cup, pot ; calf of the leg. ^ bvt'iiii, ^Ji°\ hut\i, never; — butiV, hitil', slowness; — jjI. of ^J'i lati', slow, lazy. j;\ij huldh, pleurisy ; — bitdh, pi. of ^iaW batJiiV, (J. v. ; — ^ hutd/iiijy, suffering from ])lcurisy. ^Uaj huhi/iiyy, stout, corpulent. ^3jUi) buliiriq, tall, long. ji-VW lattdi; brave, strong. _ ^ J=Ua batdti, small casks, pi. of h^. batiyya-t. 4iU=? bitdqa-t, pupil of the eye ; price-mark ; pi. batd'iq, letter. J^> hattdl, lazy, idle ; trifliug, toy- ing ; vain ; obsolete, abolished ; valiant hero ; — » batdla-t, idle- ness ; trifling (s.) ; (m.) holidays ; furlough, leave of absence ; day of rest ; feast-day ; — hitdla-t, bravery; see (JW). yUa bitdii, pi. uhtina-t, hx/itn, girth; ^l.batd'in, small ship; — pi. of (^ batin, q.v.; — » hitdna-t, t^\. batd'in, inner side; lining; centre of a town, a country ; true friend ; fidelity ; secret. ^VU batd'iq, pi. of ii^ batdqa-t^ i^\y botd'in, pi. of t)U=i bitdn, iiVLi hitdna-t. (U»l=>) bathat, inf. S , gabble, cackle; dive ; have a weak judgment; — i hatbata-t, weak intellect. (^i) hatah, throw one upon his face ; — II. s^trew with pebbles ; — III. floor in wrestling ; — v. extend; overflow; ^vi. wrestle; — vii. be thrown upon one's face ; lie down on one's face ; extend wide and far; — x.=v.; — I hatha-t, human frame ; — hiit/ta-f, true state or condition. Vssk) hat/id', pi. hitdfi, broad pebble- bed ; open field ; valley of Mecca. (jJa>) hatah, v, inf. hatl;, lick, lick at ; — IV. (see ^>), have many melons. (^) hafof, V, INF. batr, split, cleave, eut open (tumours) ; — - bafii; A, INF. bafar,he wanton; go beyond measure, do evil ; be intoxicated with good fortune ; despise ; — IV. ])erplex, put to confusion ; render overbearing ; (m.) be overbearing or insolent. ;W batar, insolence; — hativ, inso- lent, overbearing ; careless ; — hitr-an, shed with impunity (blood). ]2l) ^ i'i\Ja> hatrdha-t, patriarchate. y^;'=} hafrun, overbearing, insolent. (j;^), II. tabatraq, be stupid, in- solent ; walk like a prancing liorse ; — 6 batriiqa-t, pi. batariij, melon. u^jW bitruk, ha/ mil, bitark, patri- arch ; — ba/vak, INF. S , be patri- arch. j?.;^ bitrir, boisterous, impudent; persevering in error. iJSjW biffiq, pi. baldviq, but'irlqc-t, 6o/ari(if, leader of 1(1,000; patri- arch (alwd u^;!=> batrlk, '^j>.j^> batrairil-, pi. hat batal, S , pi. ahtdl, brave, a hero; given to jesting; — bvtul, vanities, &c., pi. of Ji=^ bdt'd; — butl, idleness ; being in vain ; lie ; anything unfounded ; — » batala-f, pi. sorcerers. i^^^W battaldt, buffooneries ; vani- ties. y)^L! bllthlll=A'''> blltl ■ INF. of if^) butm, biitum, turpentine tree ; granulous tumour. ((:>W) bahin, u, enter, penetrate, fathom; — INF. hatn, strike on the bully; — inf. batn, bah'in, be hidden, secret; know; be an intimate friend; — inf. bitiia-f, indulge the belly, be a glutton ; pass, hiiiiii, have a belly-ache; — biiliii, INF. hatan, bataiia-t, have a full belly ; — batun, be big-bellied ; — ii. strike on the belly ; (also iv.) line (clothes) ; tighten the girth of a camel ; — ■ IV. hide, conceal ; choose for a confidant; — v. put under one's belly ; penetrate ; go right through ; be the inner part ; — VI. be distant; — viii. give birth ; — X. put anything under one's belly ; keep secret ; know accurately ; 2)enetrate into, try to fathom anything. yii! bataii, corpulence; surfeit; belly-ache ; — hatia, pi. bltihi, big-bellied ; gluttonous ; rich ; low; — h(tln, pi. hatnn, bufndn, abtiDi, belly; contents of the belly ; inner side of the sky ; river-bed ; esoteric meaning ; relations ; small tribe ; second degree of relationship ; — butun, girth-leathers, pi. of y^! bitdn ; — S bifna-t, boisterous merri- ment ; overbearingness ; surfeit. y^ik> butndn, bellies, &c., pi. of l^W 6a?m;— pi. of y^'^^! bat in, interior, &c. (^L)) batu, u, INF. biit\ hitd', move slowly or lazily ; detain ; — ii. render slow, delay (a.) ; — iii. delay (n.), tarry; — iv. tarry; have slow beasts of burden ; 17 h 130 remaiu behind ; detain, delay (a. v ' bi) ; — v., VI. tarry, delay (n.) ; — consider slow or lazy ; find tardy. ^W hvHt,', slowness, laziness. J^ hitiV, foolery ; inf. of (J^sj) ; — i hutula-t, bravery, heroism; INF. of (J^). ^jW lati', batiyy, pi. hitn', slow, lazy, tardy ; — S hitya-t, delay ; — hatiyya-t, pi. hafilfi, jug; small cask. ^«kJ=} hatiha-i, pi. batii'ih, swamped pebble-ground ; large sheet of stagnating water. grJ» bitf'h, ' , pi. batiltHi, melon, pumpkin; — i^ biffi/iiyy, melon- seller. j-W batir, split ; veterinary surgeon. u^ft!=» batis, mighty, powerful. ti-i"? batit, miracle ; lie ; calamity ; — 6 batita-t, butayyifa-t, white ant, termite ; worm (in wood, &c.). (^> batin, bellied; spacious; rich; full ; distant ; nick-name of Ali ; — huUiiii, little belly; second moon station. (^) ba::, u, inf. Jia:^, tune and touch the strings of an instru- ment ; exert one's self 2:ealously ; excel ; — IV. grow fat. ^ bu:-au, bu:d, fleshy parts. SjVSa) hi^(1ra-t, smack of a kiss. itUa) ha:iha-t, queer fellow. (jb) hazir, a, inf. bazar, have a protuberance on the lips ; — ii. circumcise (a girl). _;!=; bazr, pi. buzur, clitoris ; finger- ring ; sealing-ring. \ji^ bizr-an, unavenged (blood). f>^, hazram, sealing-ring; — ii. /«- bazram, inf. S , show the rings by moving about the hand. ij>^ hizrlra-t, boisterous woman. (^) haza, u, INF. buzinrw, be dense, solid, massy; — bazi, bazn, INF. baz, be fleshy. !a-b hizh, fat and soft. (C*) ^'*"' ^' ^^^- ^""' pour out in abundance ; — inf. ba'\ ba'c', remain in the same spot and rain (cloud) ; be importunate. 2> 6a", abvmdant outpour. iaoUj ba'nbi'a-t, poor people. .i^ 6/'t(d, INF. III. of (•^) ; — bu'ufl, distant, far off. ;V*; hi'dr, INf. III. of (;«) ; — 6»''('-, lotus. y^U> hi'ijs, lean camels, pi. of ^j*'. ba'i'is. gUj ba'd', household things, furni- ture ; travelling requisites ; out- fit of a bride; inf. of (e?)- jU. bu'iiq, ba'dq, bi'dq, raining cloud ; waterspout ; first shower ; noise of a torrent. JUj hi'dl, husbands, &o., pi. of j«j bti'l ; INF. III. of (J*>). (_^Uj ha'd'h, lean camels, pi. of ij->j*> ba'ils. {^>) ba'ba', inf. S, follow quickly; flee from battle. j.f*} ha'ba', gurgling of water ; prime of youth; — i bu'ba'a-t, glibness of tongue ; flight from the battle-field. (vjUio) ba'as, a, inf. ba'^, send; loosen ; urge on ; awaken ; raise the dead; follow on one's heels ; — ha'h, A, INF. 6a'((s, be awake, wake ; — v. proceed from ; — vii. id. ; be sent ; be awakened ; issue, proceed from ; spread (n.) ; de- part ; — VIII. send. ii-»j ba'af, army ; — ha'is, vigi- lant ; — ba'^, pi. ^j'^. bu'ih, detached army ; o-»J^ ^^ yamn ii- 'l-ha's, day of resurrection; inf. of (li-jo) ; — 6 ba'sa-f, message; — fci'sK-^ mission (of a prophet); detachment. (}^}) ba'far, inf. is, throw topsy- turvy, rummage, overturn ; take out, uncover and examine ; look for, seek ; put goods into order ; — i ba'sam-f, confusion ; dirt- colour ; dirt. ^=i*> bii'^iit, bii'sittt ; tyiju 6h'x;"/, pi. ba'dsit, middle, centre ; navel. 131 (>J (^J^) ba'saq, iNr. S , flow out ; — V. break through. (e«}) ha'aj, A, INF. ba'j, split, slit ; torment ; (m.) emboss, cover with raised ornamental work ; — II. split, slit; furrow; (m.) break into pieces; — v.=vii. ; — VI. be distant, far off ; — vii. split (n.), be split ; burst, (m.) be embossed ; — x. be distant (n.), consider far. 5-»> ba'ij, walking slowly or with difficulty. (^*i) ha' II J, INF. hu'd, be far, distant ; die ; — ba'kl, a, inf. ha' ad, be distant; perish;— ii. remove to a distance (a.) ; keep far, distant ; — iii. inf. bi'ilii, muha'ada-t, remove (a.), render distant ; be distant, far ; keep distant ; remove (n.) ; be far away ; — iv. render or be dis- tant ; be extreme ; destroy ; — VI. be far from each other ; abandon each other ; — viii. remove (n.) ; abandon ; — x. consider far, find too far ; re- move to a distance. >**} ha'd, after, afterwards, later; i^ JM ha'dii huh-at-in, the day after to-morrow ; •)*? ^\ amnu'i ha'd, but then, phrase of transi- tion from the besrinning of a letter, &c., to the chief matter ; — hu'd, distance ; absence ; death ; interval ; <)J ^Jk«> hii'd-an la-hu, away with him ! J*? ^ j zi'i hu'd, seeing far, cautious, prudent; — 6a 'afZ, distant; value- less ; distance, going to a dis- tance ; death ; — ha' id, distant ; dying; — hu'ad, utility; •*» jtA gair hu'ad, useless ; — hii'ud, and \j*i hu'add, y^J*> hu'dihi, pi. of •i«*i ba'ld, far distant ; — 6 bu'da-t, pi. hu'ad, distance; not being related. (jj*j) ha'zar, inf. hkdra-t, move ; shake ; damage one's honour, disparage. {f.) ha'ar, A, inf. ;*> ha'r, drop excrement ; — hn'ii; a, inf. ha'ar, grow five years old (camel) ; — II., IV. empty the bowels, ;«^ ha'r, ha'ar, 'i , pi. ab'dr, glo- bular dung of animals ; — ha'r, deepest poverty ; bait ; — S hii'ra-f, wrath (of G-od) ; — ba'ra-t and ha'iira-f, globular excre- ment; — ba'ara-f, gland of the penis. y^j«> bu'r'l/i, camels, &c., pi. of y:*i ba'ir. (ij=>*Oj II- taba'riif, quiver (lopped limb). (jj*?) ba'zaq, inf. ii , disperse ; dis- sipate ; — ii ha'xaiia-t, dissipa- tion. (u=«}) ba's, leanness, thinness ; movement, motion ; • — v. taba'as, move (n.). (ij"^«?), II. taJja'saf, move (n.). ijsyM ba'asi'i.^, bu'sih, thin, mobile ; hip-bone. ((ji«), pass, bu'id, be molested by flies ; — II. dissect, divide ; — • IV. abound in flies ; — v. be dis- sected, divided. (y>«j ha'd, pi. alrdd, part, portion; some ; sundry, a certain ; in repetition ; each other, recipro- cal ; — -ii ba'ida-f, abounding in flies. (yi/ixj), II. tahii'r/ad, try to catch one another. i^^«53u ha'diida-t, an insect. (tau) ha'at, a, inf. ha't, slaughter, kill ; exceed all bounds in dis- graceful behaviour ; — iv. id. ; speak otherwise than intended, blunder in speech ; exceed one's power ; cause one to spend beyond his means ; go far ; re- move to a distance (a.) ; escape (slave). !=«> ha't, infamy. ((3«) ba'aq, v, inf. hu'dq, groove, furrow ; — inf. ha'q, slaughter ; uncover ; dig a well ; (m.) em- boss ; — II. split ; slaughter ; — V. be slaughtered ; — v., vii. empty itself with violent rain L%*i 132 (cloud); — VII. surprise, attack suddenly ; sjjeak precipitately ; (m.) be embossed. (Liw>) hn'qiif, small; dwarf. Lyui) hii'qdt, dwarfish. (cil«) ha'aj,-, V, INF. bai.-, strike arm or leg with the sword. cd« ba'ak, thickness ; rougliiiess ; spasm. (y^) ha'kar, inf. S , cut off. (i)_jS;*j hu'l-fik, i , imjiression from sitting or lying ; place of as- sembly; hii'kiiL-a-t, heat ; middle; crowd. \ij^ ha'l'uki'i', calamity ; noise, tumult. (J«^) ha'al, A, iNr. hii'iUa-t (hn'ttl, INF. ha'ula-t), be a husband or a wife; refuse; — ha'il. A, inf. ha'al, not know what one is doing from confusion ; — inf. hi'iil, miiliii'alii-t, lie or si:)ort with one's wife ; take a hus- band ; intermarry ; sit down by the side of another ; — v. be obedient to one's husband, ;LJi>ru one's self for him ; take a hus- Ijand ; — vi. sport with one's wives ; — VIII. = T. ; — x. take for a wife (J li) ; be situated on high ; suffice to one's self. J«j ha'al, I'SF. of (J«?) ; — ha'il, i, distracted in mind ; (m.) dry ; — ha'l, pi. hi''il, hii'i'd, h>i'iila-t, husband ; wife ; master, lord ; the idol Baal ; burden ; rising ground ; palm-tree ; — i ba'la-t, wife, mistress (of the house, &c.). kiU*J ha'lahaU; ha'alhaJd; Balbek in Syria. k_j^jl*j ha'alzahiVi, Belzebub. ij^*^ hii'liyy, watered by rain only ; (m.) dry ; weak. (y~jAj) i/((';/06-, INF. i, grow mean (by serving, &r.). j_r»-ix> hd'iias, a stupid female slave. iUu*! /i(('y/(((^((7, having sharp claws. (ytj) ha'ii, A, I, u, IN'F. ha'ir, act unjustly, sin ; 1m.vvi.iw oi- Irnd each other; win in the game of dice ; injure by the evil eve ; cause misfortune to any- body ;—iv. lend one's horse to another ; — x. lend mutually. j*> h:i'ic, transgression; anything borrowed. ^J-)»^ ha'ils, pi. hi\is, ha'ais, lean milkless she-camel. ijoyti ha' II (I, i , fly, gnat. ci.,jx) hii'is, sent. g_ju hii'ij, woman with many chil- dren ; iiowing abundantly. Ajjii ha'id, pi. hii'inl, Irn'oda', hu'diui, far, distant ; scarcely related ; J)' ,*!\ ha ' Idu-'l-gaii r- i, unf a- a thomably deep; — hu'aid, m little distance, soon after. ]i*i ha'rr, hi'!r, pi. ah'irn-t, ahn'ir, ahu'ir, hii'i-iin, bi'ran, camel nine (or four) years old ; beast of burden ; ass. Os«> ba'iq, cry ; cracking. ,»**> ba'im, false god, idol. (j>) hinjij, u, INF. haiji/, heave, swell; beec ime agitated. J! hioji/. i , small camel. Uj biyi' , bufjii' , see (^*?) ; — ' huga-t. ]il. of i_3^^ ^"'V'- passionate, re- bellious, U> haij'is, higd^, hiiyiU, pi. hiijfoii, a kind of vulture ; chough ; small birds. SjjU) batji'did'i-t, peoj^le 'jf Bagdad, pi. of ^_5j\^ bagdi'idhjij. l^Xxj hagnf/a-t, hatred. jUi hig''!J, mules, Jjl. of J« hagl ; — haggiU, muleteer. bag'!ira-t, rebellion, insurrec- tion. V.^ hag'lij'i, pi. of ^s«! bagiyij, i hiiiiiijija-t, q.v. AjUi hiiij,iija-t, desirecl things; — bi-gdya-t, in the extreme ; ex- tremely ; very much ; exceed- ingly. (^^) biicjhiig, full well. ^Ai bagbag, inf. 6 , rt-ar ; suore ; tread, tread down, jy^ biigbih-. bagbi'ir, altar for sacri- fice ; empevnr of China, ij\30 uuA) 133 ^ (o^ij) bagat, a, inf. hufjl, happen unexpectedly ; fall upon ; — iii. feill upon suddenly. ui^«! hagt, what happens unex- pectedly ; — S hagta-t, unexpected occurrence ; sur|)rise, sudden attack, invasion; bagtat-an, s\xd- denly. (vi^ii) hagif, A, INP. haijas, have black spots (white bird) ; — iv. come on soft ground ; make lavish expenditure ; — ix. ki-ju\ ihgass, inf. iligisds=:l. ; — ii hiigs((-f, slight rain ; — hugm-t, black spotted with white, or vice versa. ^ bagsiV, white with black spots ; mixed multitude. y^iAi bigsdii, pi. of cijUj hagds. (jiAj) bagsar, inf. i , be wickedly and jsassionately disjjosed ; be agitated ; separate ; =(j^) ; — II. tabagsar, be wickedly dis- posed. ji*} bagsar, stupid ; troublesome ; unwholesome ; big and awkward (camel) ; weak ; — » bagsara-f, commotion, confusion ; villany, vileness ; separation, dispersion. Amo bagdiid {^Mm, bag-dz, i\^ b(igddz), Bagdad; — ii. tabagdad, go to Bagdad ; — ^S hagdddiyi/, of or from Bagdad ; pi. hagii- dida-t, native or inhabitant of Bagdad. yU*; bagddn, ^.>^ bagdin, Bagdad. (yu) bagar, a, inf. bugih-, set and cause rain (constellation) ; • — INF. bagr, rain heavily, water the ground with rain ; also bagir, a, inf. bagar, diink and not become satiated, but ill (camel), yu bagr, bagar, i , violent down- pour; INF. of (;«0 ; — ' bagra-t, what has been sown after rain ; annual gift. (v*>) baga«, a, inf. bagz, beat, kick ; put into lively motion. V*} bagz, lively motion ; vivacity ; vehemence. (w^O bagas, a, inf. bagx, drop a slight rain (sky) ; run cryiug up to his mother (child) ; pene- trate. iji-i; hugs, b , fine rain. (o°*j) ^"-igad, u, bagid. A, bugnd, tr, INF. bagai/a-t, l>e hateful; (m.) hate ; — hagid, look at with anger ; — ii. inf. tabgUj, render hateful ; hated ; — iv. inf. ibgdil, hate; — v. inf. tabaggiKJ, show hatred; — vi. inf. fabdgn/l, hate one another; — vii. inf. iudjigdr/, be hated. (J^. biigd, hatred ; — \ bagdd', i bigda-t, violent hatred, wrath. (J*j) bagl, f. is , pi. bigdl, mabgfdd', mule ; ■ — ii bagla-t, (m.) counter- fort, buttress. J*; bagaJ, a, inf. bagl, insult other people's children ; — ii. inf. tabg'd, id. ; walk slowly ; have the walk of a mule. (^;) bagam, A, i, u, inf. bugdm, bugum, call fondly for her young ones (gazelle, Ac.) ; cry out, call ; express one's meaning indistinctly ; — iii. inf. imibd- gaiiia-t, speak in a soft tone ; — V. inf. iabagginn^:=i. /**> bagam, secret talk ; — ii bagma-f, soft call of a camel ; — bugma-t, pi. bugam, jjearl necklace (m.). (g_;A>), II. INF. tabagiuij, coquet- tishness. (yo) bagd, v, inf. bagw, look at, regard, c bagiyy, C[.v. ; — s lagwa-t, unripe date ; opening palm- blossom. jyii bugdr, setting (of the stars). (•yij bagi'im, crying out, calling. (j_ytj) bagd, i, inf. bagy, transgress ; exercise violence and injustice; commit fornication ; walk proudly and swiftly ; rain heavily ; swell and suppurate ; look at, regard, obsei-ve and expect ; — inf. bagd, bag-an, bugya-t, bigya-t, seek, wish o«J 134 for, desire ; — iii. ikf. biga', mvhujdt, treat unjustly ; op- press ; contend ; fornicate ; seek, desire ; — iv. inf. ibr/'t', seek for another, help to seek; — v. inf. tabaggi, seek, desire ; observe and expect ; — vr. inf. tabdgi, transgress against each other ; — VII. inf. imbigtV, viii. inf. ihtig^r, be easy, desirable, con- venient ; VIII. and X. inf. istibgil', seek, desire ; x. cause to demand or desire. (_s*! bagy, transgression, injustice, outrage, injury; heavy rain; — bagiyy, unjust ; striving eagerly, observing strictly ; pi. bagdyil, "whore, adultress ; — ii bigya-t, bugyn-i, wish, desire; anything wished for or sought ; — bagiy- y"-f, l>\. bcigi'iyd, id. ; outpost, van-guard. t)'v!*i bugydn, pi. of ^^ bug!, de- sirous, &c. j«*> bugaibig, little well. »i-~t;*> baijifi, wheat. jt*i baijir, ill from thirst (camel). yi-A; biigicj, hateful ; enemy. (ij;) baqq, u, INF. baqg, give abundantly ; rain abundantly ; show pride ; spread, strew out ; dissipate; split, tear; begin t" bloom ; give birth to many children ; — inf. haqq, baqdq, importune by talk; — (m.) blot (as paper) ; — ii. inf. tabaqbuq, dis{ierse, dissipate ; — iv. inf. ibqdq, have many children ; im- portune by talk ; do abundantly good or evil to anybody ; ]n-(j- ducc grass or food ; bring forth weak young ones. /-( ' . fly ; l-'iig ; /-, '"/'/. woman with many children ; i3? i3^ laqq baqq, talkative, gar- rulous ; — iJ-^W bi'1-biiqq, in vain (m.). ViiJ baqd\ continuance, duration _jVfli baqqdr, breeder of oxen ; black- smith ; — btiqqdr, cows, pi. of iy«). baqra-t; — <^ buqqdru, lie; calamity; — baqqdriyy, cudgel. f^a» biqd', places, &c., pi. of i*^ buq'a-t, baq'a-t. jU} haqd,^, things of little value, sweepings ; inf. of (ij^) ; also » baqdqa-f, talkative, garrulous. J^ baqdl, i , bringing forth pdenty of vegetables ; — baqqdl, green- grocer, grocer, oil-merchant ; mn-keeper ; — i baq^'ila-t, green or kitchen garden. l^\u baqdma-f, of weak intellect ; coarse wool or flax ; offal. i^. baqdira-t. inf. of (i_3^)- \jUu baqdyd, remains, &c., pi. of ^^ baqiyya-t. jW^ baqbdq, mouth. ((j.--a?) baqbaq, inf. i , gurgle, water flowing out from a narrow- mouthed vessel, or boiling ; coo (dove) ; chatter ; (m.) swell ; bubble ; have blisters ; — i baqbaqa-t, gurgling of w-ater ; blister. ^^0} baqbiiqa-t, bubble ; blister (m.). (c;w!?) baqat, u, INF. baqt, stir up. (e-ij) liaqai:, u, inf. baqf, stir up, bring into confusion. ^asiiJ buqja-t, bundle, parcel ; knap- sack. (^) baqah={^) (m.) ; — ii. inf. tabq'ih, soil;— v. inf. tabaqqiih, be soiled ; — 1> baqha-f, stain. (_,~jjj£! baqdi'inas, parsley. (^) baqar, A, inf. baqr, split, cleave ; enlarge ; seek know- ledge ; look out for water and find it ; know another's circum- utauces, try to know them ; — baqir, a, inf. baqr, baqar, be scarcely able to see ; be tired ; rejoice at the sight of ; — v. inf. tabaqqiir, be extensive, rich ; stay in a town or village while one's people are outside ; — viii. INF. ibtiqur, get split, cleft; split (n.). ^? baqar, pi. biiqih; abdqir, ox, head of cattle ; — biiqar, lie; calamity ; 135 o«» — 2 haqara-t, pi. haqar, huqur, haqardt, hawdqir, huqqdr, uhqtir, cow ; ox ; — ^_s haqariijij, of cattle, referring to cattle. WjiiJ baqrdt, Hippocrates. u^ baqs, i.r*»— ^ baqsis, box-tree. kU-.Jii baqsimdt, biscuit, rusk. (U}) baqt, furniture ; diversion, amusement ; tenure for a part of the produce. (!=fl?), II. INF. tabqtt, ascend a moun- tain ; walk swiftly ; talk quickly ; silence by scolding ; disperse ; (m.) hasten ; give to eat in small quantities ; — v. inf. tahaqqut, receive news piecemeal ; take food in small quantities. Lj\=S:> buqti(riyija-t, an ample white garment. (^) baqa', inf. baq', go ; pass, be abused; — baqi\ a. inf. baqa', be spotted (white and black) ; be satisfied with little ; be void of (er* tnin) ; be wet in some places and stained ; — ii. inf. tabqi', go anywhere ; spot white and black ; stain ; — v. inf. tabaqqii', be wetted, sprinkled in some places ; be spotted ; — VII. INF. iinbiqd', walk fast ; — viii. INF. ihtiqd', change (colours, j baqa', spottedness ; — » baq'a-t, jil.buqa', spot, stain; — buq'a-t, baq'a-t, pi. buqa', biqd', place ; spot ; low ground with water ; building. \*ai baq'd', spotted, f . of ^\ abqa'. (^\*ai biiq'dn, pi. Ethiopian slaves. (Jiij) baqal, u, inf. baql, appear, push (as a plant, a tooth) ; make to sprout ; get green ; gather food ; — inf. buqill, begin to grow a beard ; — ii. inf. tabqil, cause to sprout, to push ; keep one's animals well ; — iv. inf. ibqnl, push forth (a.); get green; begin to grow a beard ; bring to light, show openly ; pasture (a.) ; — V. inf. tabaqqul, fetch food ; pasture (n.) ; — vii. inf. imbiqdl. pasture (n.); — viii. inf. ibtl([dl, pasture (n. and a.). Js} baql, i , pi. bvqtil, vegetables, cabbage, greens, beans, &c. ; jUjS\ iiai baqlatu-'l-anfdr-i, cauli- flower; ii)C»J\ 'i^\ al-baqlaUi-'l- 7niibdraka-t,endhe; — Z/h(//, spring herbs. ijjl^fl} baqldwa-t, almond cake (m.). (lt^) baqlas, inf. £ , and ii. inf. tahaqhis, be covered with blisters ; form (into blisters). (^) baqiiii, A, inf. baqcnn, get ill from eating the plant 'anzmvdii. f^. baqqam, Brasil wood ; a tree with a red colouring wood ; — ii. INF. tabq'nn, dye red. (jib) baqd, u, INF. baqdwa-t, look upon, regard ; expect ; inf. baqw, hciqwa-f, baqdwa-t, protect, preserve; — i baqwa-f, inf. of ( baqir, i baqira-t, under-garment without sleeves. J^ 136 e^ 5*"} baq!', place witli roots of trees ; — * haqi'a-t, fields. Js^ baqil, i , producing greens ; • — • * hiKjihi-t, soup of vegetables; — hitqaiJa-f, small cabbagcsplant. (cdi) hcd-l; V, INF. !iald; hatka-t, tear, break into pieces ; sepa- rate ; sjjoil ; press, urge; lireak one's head ; humiliate ; grow poor ; (m.) vomit ; — vi. inf. taha/_s^ lial.-:' ; — hid-'l, crying, INF. of (^) ; — halchV , who cries much ; having little milk ; — S hiihn, pi. of ^\'. h.Uo, crying, weeping. usi'.^ hi'l-nbil-, lively, sprightly. ;^ biliilr, young she-camels, pi. of ij^. hal;ra-t; — i bak''ini-t, bil;d- ru-t, virginity; — young camels, pi. of ^. bakr. ^^ buh'ima-t, dumbness. (j^^ biil-l-iin, pi. of u=X>\ abaJd-, strenuous, &c. y.)^^ bakuwiy, pi. of ij^i^. , bearing early fruit, &c. U^ hahiii/d, she-camels with little milk, pi. (if 4S-^; ha/.-l'a-t. (tilfSo) hal-baJc, INF. ii , thrcjw one thing upon another ; turn ti'|isy- turvy ; press (n.) ; come and gi); move, shake ; lick. (o-Sj) haliaf, r, INF. bald, beat, strike ; receive with anything unpleasant ; — ii. inf. tabkit, scold ; reproach ; chide ; up- liraid ; silence by arguments ; — V. INF. tabaJdiuf, be scolded; have c[ualms of conscience, re- morses. (^) balmr, v, inf. biikrr, hajipen early in the morning ; rise earlv ; do anything or come early in the mdriiing; — hdcir, a, inf. ?^a/iar, hasten; — ii. inf. iabkir, rise, set nut, do anythin;;', eome early in the morning ; antieipate; cimie in time for the beginning of prayer; do anything too early; cause to rise or to come early ; — III. INF. inubi1kara-t, come early in the morning ; — iv. INF. iblc'ir, id. ; hasten to come early ; cause to come early ; antici]3ate ; water the cattle early in the morning; — v. inf. tabal-Jcur, anticipate ; — viii. inf. ibtihlr, rise early ; come early ; come at the beginning of the sermon; eat the first fruit; lie the first to do anything ; deflower ; givi- first birth to a boy. ^ baJmr, morning; haste, hurry ; — bakir, balmr, who rises or does anything early ; — bakr, biikr, i, pi. iihkur, bijkr'hi, bik'h; biki'ira-f, bah rra -1 , y oxiBg camel; — 6(7i;r, pi. akbur, virgin, maiden; first-born ; having given birth or produced fruit for the first time ; what has never been before ; spring-eloud heavy with rain ; ji^ hyi darbat bikr, deadly stroke ; — biikr, 1)1. of j^io hakur, y^. bakir, bearing early fruit ; — S bakra-f, pil. bikih-, young she- camel ; troop, number of people ; — bakra-f, bakara-t, pi. bakar, bakiirat, pulley ; water-wheel ; wheel; troop; bakaraf, rings of a dagaer-belt : — bikra-t, virgin ; — biikra-t, pi. bukar, "arlv morn- ing ; bukrai-ini, early in the morning; (m.) to-morrow; ba'da bukrat-hi, the day after to- morrow. S;^; bakraj (c:fi baijraj), can, tank- ard (Turk). <^;^ bikriyy, virginal. ((_r-^) bakas, u, inf. baks, over- come, vanquish an enemv. u^ bakas, v, inf. bakii, loosen the tethers of a camel. (ff^) baka', a, inf. bak', receive with anything unpleasant ; scold into silenee ; beat violently and repeatedly in different jilaees ; cut ; give the whole ; go any- ClU. 137 J» where; — II. inf. tabht', scold into silence ; cut into pieces. «£i^> _ hnlaih, pi. vigorous fellows ; frisky donkeys. (jSo) hakal, u, inf. haU, mix; prepare the dish balcilat ; speak confusedly ; — ii. inf. tabJdJ, mix; pass. hukJcil bi-hi, he is hand and glove with him ; (m.) buckle ; button ; — v. inf. ta- bakkul, conquer and make booty; offer one thing for sale against another ; get the Itetter of (ace. or ^JJl 'ala) by scolding and beating ; get confused in speak- ing ; walk haughtily ; — viii. INF. tbtiJidl, carry off as a booty. J^ bakal, bakl, booty, plunder; bakl, mixture, confusion ; — 6 bikla-t, nature, form, site ; — bilcla-t, bukla-t, pi. bikal, bukal, bikldt, buckle (m.). if'^) bakiin, a, inf. bahnn, bakd- ma-t, be dumb; — balcmn, inf. bakuma-t, be obstinately silent ; abstain from sexual intercourse ; — V. ^K!\ 64^ ^Cj tabakkam 'ale-lii al-kahlm, he speaks with difficulty. f>^. bakam, dumbness ; — bukm, pi. of i^\ ahkam, dumb. yUi^ buhndn, pi. of ^-^ baknn, dumb. )}^ bakur, pi. bukr, bearing early fruit (date-tree) ; early fruit ; first spring-rain ; — bukur, inf. ^.j)^ bukdriyya-f, primogeniture. (ij^) baka, i, inf. buk-ati, bukd', weep ; INF. bukd', weep over, lament (ace.) ; sing ; — ii. inf. tabkd', tibkd' , weep violently ; inf. tahkiyat, cause to weep ; weep, lament ; — iir. vie in weeping; — iv. inf. ibkd' , cause to weep ; push to extremes ; — VI. force one's self to weej) ; — VII. be induced to weep ; — viii. cause to weep. ^^> bakiyy, who weeps easily ; a little ; — buktyy, pi. of ^^> bdki, jiH: weepnig ; — pi. bikd', bak little milk. bakh-, i bak bakl, i , baki'a-i, iijd, she-camel with -jr ,5o bak, 'ra-t, pi. bnl;r, biiki q.v. b!kk! >; very early. J«S^ bakil, neat ; careful ; — S bakila-t {p\^>. bakdla-t), dish of flour, dates, &c. ; mixed herd ; plunder, booty ; nature, con- dition, state. 1*^^ bakiiii, pi. bukmdtu deaf; dumb, silent. (J>) bull, V, inf. ball, billa-t, wet, sprinkle ; — inf. baJl, bildl, benefit one's relatives, be on good terms with them ; bless anyone (ace.) with (ace. or >_. bi) ; drop ; sow (the ground) ; — inf. ball, buh'il, balal, recover ; — INF. ball, be given to, infatu- ated with fs-" ii) ; go, travel ; — INF. buh'il, blow damp and cold ; escaf)e ; ■ — balil, a, inf. balal, vanquish, conquer ; know ; be quarrelsome, ojipressive, im- pious ; undergo great calamity ; be always by one's side ; — balil, INF. balal, baldla-t, bulnl, and balaJ, inf. buh'd, be infatu- ated, in love with (>-» bi) ; inf. also billa-i, balla-t, be wet, moist ; — disperse (n.) ; — ii. inf. tablil, wet through, water ; — IV. INF. ibldl, escape ; recover; bear fruit ; wander in the desert ; drop, driji ; go ; travel ; be ma- licious and mischievous ; van- quish ; refuse ; be unwilling ; be absent, hidden ; — v. inf. ^(/)ffW'(Z, scratch the ground; — v., VII. (iNP. unhihil), VIII. (inf. ibtildl), get wetted, moistened; — v., VIII. recover; gi't better; — X. INF. -istibldl, id. J> bal, or rather, on the contrary; no ; nay ; certainly ; sometimes ; — 6a??, strong desire ; who frees himself from an obligation by perjury ; unjust ; quarreller ; able, doughty ; — bill, common 18 :^? 138 uUj property; remedy ; — fc»??, pi. of J>^ ahctU, q.v. ; — S bida-t, bunch of grass ; — balla-t, drop ; moisture ; wetting ; — hilla-t, moisture ; eloquence ; distinct pronunciation; inf. of (J?); — hulla-t, sap; pi. hiJ'il, last touches of love ; wickedness. "h laid', visitation, affliction, cala- mity; sorrow; trcuble; bravery; wear of cIothing = J> bil-an ; — hi-ld, without, beyond ; — haUa, adultress ; f . of Ji\ , q.v. ^}>h haldbil, nightingales, pi. of J^l? bulbul; — pi. of il-b balbala-t, sorrow ; — bidubil, pi. baldbil, agile, active ; balihil, vigour and zeal. ^^i baldia-t, prudence ; inf. of t3^h bahhtq, extensive sbeets of stagnating water, pi. of oj'^ bvlsuq. i^ bildh, having heavy hips (wo- man) ; — buldh, holm-oak. <^'h bildd, cities, &c., pi. of iijJj balda-t ; — inf. iii. of (■^^) ; — ii baldda-t, stupidity, silliness, folly. Sjh baldraj, stork. (j5\?) bal'az, inf. ii , flee ; jump, run ; eat one's fill. jSj bul'az, short, strong and hardened ; Satan. y»I^ balds, pi. buhts, coarse cloth ; mattress. J^^ bdd^ (for ^i> h bidd mtj-in), gratis ; in vain ; without reason. ({j'h) bal'a^:, INF. i , flee. t.;ij baldt, level ground ; smooth pavement; bricks or flats for paving ; palace. ^^% biddti/i, broad, wide. (Je!1> bald'iq, pi. sjsacious. A£5\i balld'a-t, pi. baldl!', sewer. th baldg, arrival ; delivoi-y (of a message, &(i.) ; sufficiency ; enough; — hdihj. III. ( jlj) ; — S baJdifa-i, eloquciicc ; pi. baldqdt, talk'; (^); — ^ h,dd,j,i, Indrnj,,, eloqut'ut, clear. JS^ baldl, bnldl, bildl, moisture; freshness; water, milk, &c., refreshment ; benefit ; union with relatives ; — 6(7'??, pb 1^^*' touches of love ; — balldl, lin- seed ; seeds of vegetables ; who waters ; — bal'du-t, inf. of (J?) ; — biddla-f, moisture ; driblet, jji; biddlir, crystals, pi. of j)^ bdaur, balh'ir. WS4 baldl, t, level ground ; broad pavement. ^SSu lalUi', sewers, j)l. of ^1^ bald'(i-f. i^^ bali'i-K-t. (jh balldn,i. 'i , waiter in a jjublic bath; balldiia-t, pi. -''/, warm bath. ^h baldha-f. utter stupidity, idiotcy. (jJi>h baldhiii, tyi>h baldhi, lives passed in ease and enjoyment, pi. of A j.i q l; bidalinit/a-t. ^.1^ baldyd, pi. of *-Jj baliyya-t, q.v. J\-l} balbdd, i balbdla-t, pi. baldhd, emotion, anxiety, sorrow ; wolf ; — 6 balbdla-t, vigour and zeal; see the following. (J*^) balbal, inf. S , mix, throw together or into confusion; bring about difference of opinion, differ in views ; squander ; disquiet or irritate by innuendoes ; — inf. balbdla-t, bdbdl, irritate, incite; = 11. INF. bUbdl, be confused (speech) ; — ii. inf. tabalbul, be agitated, disquieted, con- fused ; have grazed off all the herbs of a pasture-ground. ,J4i bidbul, jil. baldhd, nightingale (Pers.) ; — bidbul, pipe, channel, groove ; agile and helping ; — S balbala-t, emotion, anxietv, sor- row ; confusion, confusion of languages ; pearl ; pi. baldbd, sorrows ; — bulbula-t, can with a pipe ; travelling litter ; — ^ btdbuUyy, agile, nimble, ready (as a helper, &r.). (opb) balat, I, INF. halt, cut, cut intd jiieres ; — balat, r, inf. bait, also balit, A, INF. balat, lie cut, cOj 139 ^ separate (n.) ; — balut, inf. 6a- luta-t, be reserved and prudent; — IV. INP. iblot, uri4-e to take an oath; — VII. INF. inb'ih'it, be cut, separated. ii^ baltdt, cutting, severing, splitting. (C^) ialta', sly, cunning ; f. » balta'a-t, talkative woman ; — II. INF. tabaltu', whet one's tongue for abuse ; part, miita- baltl'. j_j>U;d> baJta'dniyy, who affects wit and elegance. ,_5«^ balta'iyy, eloquent ; bold, courageous. (^) baltam, people, number of men ; stammerer. (^J^) balta, INF. baltdt, cut. j^il} lulsuq, extensive sheet of stagnating water. (gU) balaj, V, inf. bulilj, glitter, shine ; — i, inf. balj, open ; — baUj, A, inf. bcddj, have the eye-brows separated; rejoice; — IV. INF. ibldj, shine ; light up, make clear, unveil ; distinguish, separate; rejoice; — v. inf. ta- balluj, vxi. INF. iiibihij, viii. inf. ibtildj, shine, dawn, brighten ; — V. rejoice, laugh ; be open, out- sj)oken ; — xi. inf. iblijdj, be cleared up, unveiled, revealed. gJii &«?cy, *=J4 bulja-t, space between the eye-brows ; — balja-t, bulja-t, light, brightness; twilight, dawn; — balj, pi. of ^\ ablaj, shining ; having the eye-brows separated, &c. ; — buJuj, pi. who have smooth beardless cheeks. (jjj) halah, A, inf. baUt, dry up ; — i-^F. btiluh, be tired, weak; flow off ; be lost (as labotu-, &c.) ; — II. INF. tablih, be tired ; — iv. INF. ibld^, bear unripe dates ; — V. INF. tabalhih=:n. ; — vi. inf. tabdhih, give the lie to each other. gi} bala^, 5 , unripe date ; green- ness. (^) bali/i, A, INF. bahih, and v. INF. tahaUiili, be proud, haughty. ^J balk, oak-tree of some kind ; height, greatness ; — balk, bilh, haughty, proud ; high, elevated, sublime. ^&1» balhd' , f. of ^y ablah, stupid. (jij-ail> balahs, hyacinth (precious stone) ; ruby. ((ja^iJu), II. INF. tabalhiis, be big and large, be much of a thing. ij^sM balhas, thick, coarse. i-iilj balahiyija-t, pomegranate tree of some kind. (jAj) balad, A, inf. huli'id, reside, take a place for a dwelling and defend it by arms ; — balid, a, INF. balad, id. ; — inf. balad, balda-t, have the eye-brows separated; — balid and balud, inf. baldda-t, be impudent, shameless, stupid, lazy ; — ii. INF. tablid, naturalise ; accli- matise ; not care for anything ; be miserly without getting rich ; throw one's self on the ground ; not rain ; remain behind ; — iii. INF. bildd, mubdlada-f, fight any- one with a sword or stick ; — iv. INF. ibldd, cause one to settle in a place (two ace.) ; stick to a place (from poverty) ; have stupid and lazy beasts of bur- den ; — V. INF. taballud, be acclimatised, or naturalised ; occupy a deserted country, take possession ; fall to the ground ; show or pretend to be stuj^id ; be lazy ; be confused, perplexed ; be moved with passion; sigh with grief ; clap the hands ; turn the palms outside; — xiv. INF. iblindd', l>e strongly built and of firm flesh. J.)> balad, », pi. bildd, bulddn, city, district, province, country ; house, domicile, dwelling ; Mecca ; ground where no tire has been burning nor a well been dug; pi. ahldd, ostrich- nest, ostrich ; burial-place, ^ U6 ki} loml.i ; sign, trace ; twcutj-first station of the moon ; space be- tween the eye-bi'ows and the root of the nose ; fore-neck, chest ; pahn of the hand ; principle, element ; — halad, buld, plummet ; — i hidda-t, space between the eye-brows ; shape of the face. f,\A> bUdihii, hddihna-i, loosely built. O^-^ hiildiiii, pi. of ^. halad. (c-^O haldah, inf. i , throw one's self on the ground ; i. and ii. INF. iahalduh, promise and not keep the promise ; — in. inf. iblinddh, stretch far and wide ; decay, get destroyed. ((•■^O haldam, ixf. is, be afraid and keep silent. («^ haldam, larynx ; — huldum, indigestible ; peevish ; blunt (also (»-^). t^ji} baladiyy, countryman, native. (jl»), III. INF. iiinbuhiza-t, and viii. IXF. ihtihh, take, receive. (jh) hiliz, hill:.::, short and stout (woman). (u^) bih, soda. ((j~^), II. INF. tahh't:, drive despe- rate ; — IV. INF. ihlds, despair ; be perplexed ; confound ; be silent with grief ; be prevented from the jjilgrimage. (j~l* balas, reprobate, wicked ; a kind of tig; — halig, wrajiped up in grief ; — bidu/, lnd>', of V' iS4 lentil ; — huhi.^, pi buh!..<. |,L.b bihi'nn, pleuris}'. y\ — h hiihis'iii, balsam, balsam- tree. liX—lj hahak, bur. (^»~1}) hahiim,i-sv. i , put balsam on a wound; embalm; — be silent from fear; look sour; — II. INF. iabalsuni, id. A.J — \> hiihania-i, embalming (m.). y-.* — h, Inilsainiii, balsam-tree. ^^V bulsini, i , lentil. (j^,) balas, (m.) embarrass, en- tangle;— ii. INF. tablls, begin, undertake; — VII. inf. inbdds, get embarrassed, entangled; be in a plight; — viii. inf. ibtilo^, undertake. d.i.b bala.-C-t, embarrassment. ^^jJu balaxihu, (^x^ halas^'ni, heron. (yJj), II. halla^, inf. tahlif, take all one's property; I., II. (m.) oppress with taxes; have li+tle milk (sheep) ; — in. inf. mubd- lasa-t, rush upon or against ; — v. INF. tahallus, graze the pasture bare ; look for in secret ; long or strive fur (J li) ; — vn. (m.) INF. inhlld/:, ije oppressed with taxes; — XIV. inf. iblin.^d', de- part, go away ; undress ; put off one's clothes. u=l.> hah, 'i baha-i, oppression ; heavy taxation. (^jJij), II. INF. tabahuq, look for in secret ; enter into relation- ship. (l».oU) hahaiii. INF. i, flee. (kli) hahd, V, INF. half, pave; — li. INF. tablit, id. ; fillip the ear ; get tii-ed and weak with walk- ing ; — III. INF. mtihdlata-f, flee ; make efforts, exert one's self ; descend into the plain for com- bat ; fight anyone with the sword;- — iv. inf. ibh'if, pave; fall on the pavement (rain) ; get poor and therefore Imund to a ]ilace ; pass. id. ; take everything from (ace.) ; make ill-tempered by begging or ask- ing questions ; — v. inf. taballu/, get paved; — vi. inf. tabdliit, tight each other with the sword ; be foolhardy, hector; — vn. inf. inhil'l(, rem(.ive to a great dis- tance ; lie far awav. ^ halt, hiilt, turuing-lathe ; — hulut, pi. deserters ; impudent fellows (Soufis) ; (m.) fool- hardv ; swaggerer ; — S halta-t, axe of a sapper, executioner (m.) ; — bal{a-f, hour; space of time; u. 14i ^< auythiug unexpected ; destiny ; \ hill ; (m.) causeway, high road ; poor, moneyless. ^_3a,U> laltajitjy, pi. haltajiyya-t, sapper; executioner (Turk.). {j^i) haltah=t^ baldah ; — (m.) flatten anything convex ; — ii. INF. tdbaUuh, be flattened. {^) ball', hala\ a, inf. hala\ swallow ; j.ierce ; — ii. inf. {cihli', give to swallow, mako swallow ; begin to ajipear (white hair); — iv. inf. Ihl,!', make swallow, allow to swallow (one's spittle, i.e., grant him a delay, a respite); — vii. inf. inUh'i', get swallowed; — vin. inf. ihtijj'i', swallow, especially without chew- ing ; feed on (s-> hi). ^ baJu', swallowing ; — &i(7rt', glutton ; twenty-third station of the moon ; — S hahCa-t, gulp, mouthful ; — btila'a-t, glutton ; — bal'u-t, pi. buJa', hole of a pulley, a mill-stone, &c. u~«*l; bala'big, pi. miracles, mar- vels. <^*^ bal'as, fat and flabby ; — » bal\isa-f, fat, ill-tempered (wo- man). (j~*1j bains, fat and flabby. (J«l? balaq, best kind of dates. (uiiad;) hal'al-, inf. ', cut (with the sword). u^«1j bal'aJc, old and with loose flesh ; stupid, contemptible ; a kind of date. (^•^■>) bal'ain, iNF. i, swallow greedily. ,»*1> bal'am, glutton ; who swallows greedily; — bul'um, pi. bah'i'im, alimentary canal, gullet. y-^U bil'aus, foolish woman. I«j«l; bul'ihn, pi. bahl'liii, alimentary canal ; gullet ; cave, groove. (gl>) balag, v, inf. buhkj, reach, be about to reach ; attain to puberty ; grow of age ; come to {tj\ ila, v" bi) ; conquer, over- come, get the better of (ace.) ; occupy entirely; — balmj, inf. bahhja-t, be elociuent ; btstov/ pains on {^Jl f'l) anything ; — ii. INF. tablig, cause to obtain ; send ; inform ; report upon ((j^ 'nil.) ; give with outstretched arms the reins to a horse ; — III. INF. laubdlaga-t, bihig, exert one's self zealously in a matter ((^ /') ; do a thing to perfec- tion, accomplish ; get the better in a dispute ; exaggerate ; — iv. INF. iblag, send or bring news ; — V. INF. taballiig, be satisfied with (v> 60 ; not give in until the place is reached ; fall upon with violence ; increase (illness, ■^'-■) ; — VI. INF. tabdbig, op- press ; — vm. pass, vhtulig, it is enousrh. j^ baJg, hilg, b'dag, elociuent ; distinct, clear ; superior in strength (army) ; penetrating, irresistible ; — S hulga-t, coll. biilag, what is sufficient to live upon ; sufficiency. ^ bulagii', pi. of jjj balig, elo- quent, &c. jV*l> bulgdr, Bulgaria ; perfumed leather. *i-^ balgaf, fat and flabby; — 4 balgasn-t, flabbiness ; flaccid- ness. ffi^. b((lgam, pi. baldgim, phlegm ; — balgamiyy, jihlegmatic. (^«1? bUagn, pi. baldgin, eloquent. {^ytAt bitagin, bvlagin, misfortune; danger; completion, end. (^3^!) baliiii, u, INF. hidi'q, hasten, walk fast ; — inf. balq, carry ofl", wash away ; ojien a door entirely or with violence, and, by oppo- sition, close the door; assault, commit a rape (on a slave-girl) ; — ballg. A, inf. buUiq ; baluq, INF. balJc, be spotted (white and black) ; have white legs (horse) ; — baliq, a, inf. halaq, be stunned, perplexed ; — iv. inf. ibldq, be piebald, spotted (white and black) ; beget j^iehald foals ; ^ 142 .1} open a door with violence ; — v. INF. taballiiq, shine, flash ; — VII. INF. iiibU'iq, be opened entirely or with violence ; — viii. INF. ihtildq, shine, flash ; — ix. INF. ibiiqdq, XI. INF. ibliqdq, be piebald; — xiv. inf. ibliiiqdq, be clearly distinguished from others (road). (jl} balaq, being piebald (white and black) ; tent of camel-hair ; door ; a kind of marble ; mad- ness ; dense crowd ; — bidq, snakes ; pi. of ^3^\ ablaq, pie- bald ; — ii bidqa-t, spottedness. ^«1j bahqd, f. of ijl;^ ablaq, piebald. (^aSL) bubj^tif, short; dwarfish. (giil}) balqa\ inf. i , be unculti- vated and uninhabited ; — iii. INF. iblinqii', subside, pass away (grief) ; shine. jiil} balqa', i balqa'a-f, pi. bah'iqi', uncultivated and uninhabited country ; lonely ; thoroughly bad woman; — ^^ balqa'iyy, with a broad head (arrow). Lyils bulqiit, short. (isUi) baliik, u, INF. balk, mix. (diXlj) lalkasa-t, a large mouse. (jiJij) baUia\ INF. i , cut, cut ofE. J)j balal, moisture ; freshness of youth ; health ; well-being ; wealth (after poverty) ; ban- quet ; endurance in sufferings ; remains of food ; trifle ; — bulal, seed, crop ; • — Imllal, moist, damp ; — ' balnla-i, bulvla-t, moisture ; remainder, rest ; misfortune ; pi. balaldf, last touches of love ; — biilala-f, form, state, condition. (^) balam, u, inf. buliii, long fur the stallion; — ii. inf. tabllm, spoil, mar; — iv. inf. iblnii — I. and II. ; be silent ; — vii. inf. inbiliim, (m.) be silent ; — 'i balama-t, rut (of a she-camel). UJ.} balmii', 14th night of the month. (^ balanta', clever, cunning, sly; — ii balanta'a-f, talkative woman. ZXili balandah, short and plump. (ci3j.Ji}) balandah, inf. iblinddk, be spacious ; be level with the ground. ^jJi; balandam, loosely built. ^x:.\3 balanda, broad, wide. ^j.il> balanza, stout and strong. ^ . .... ^ l ; balansam, tar, pitch. kd} balnat, a coarse kind of marble. jiul) balanqa', distinct, trodden (road). (&lj) balili. A, INF. balah, baldha-t, be careless, thoughtless, stupid ; be simple and good-natured not be able to state one's rea- sons ; — III. INF. mubdlaha-f, act stupidly towards ; — iv. inf. ibh'ih, find stupid; — v. inf. taballuh, bo stupid; show stu- pidity or simplicity ; look for a stray animal; walk carelessly on a wrong road without asking; — VI. INF. tahdiuh, show stupidity, pretend to be stujjid. i^i balah, stupidity, idiotcy, lout- ishness ; — balha, leave off ! have done ! ^ ^ balJia ind, not considering that, without regard to ; — bulk, pi. of ^\ ablaJi, stupid. ^a^ balk''', of high rank or birth; f. of i^\ ablah, stupid, ic. (u*^) balhas, in'f. » , walk fast. {{j='^) balha^, inf. i , flee from fear; — ii. inf. tabalhns, put off one's clothes. ((J9^) bilhiq, talking much and blushing frequently (woman). ? master's tomb to die from hunger (she-camel) ; — inf. tah- liya-t, wear out a garment; cause one to put on an old garment ; — III. INF. hihV, vinhiUiH (also bi'd, hiUa-t), pay regard, show attendance ; boast ; vie in boast- ing ; — IV. ibid' , wear out ; in- form, give news or intelligence ; bestow a benefit or an advan- tage on (ace.) ; cause to take an oath ; take an oath ; be satisfied ; try, put to the test ; cleanse ; show zeal ; show prowess in combat ; publish ; — VI. INF. iahiU-ui, tabijli, viii. INF. ihtihV, question, cross- examine ; put to the test, try ; be visited by (s-> 60 calamities ; exact an oath. )W bilw, pi. cibli'i', administrator ; manager ; camel emaciated by the journey ; down in the world ; equal to calamities, inured, experienced;—* biltca-t, trial, experiment ; temptation ; visitation, affliction ; punish- ment ; grief ; (m.) leprosy. C^ balilh, emptied well ; without relations, friendless. _)jl^ bilaur, billaur, ballitr, pi. bah'ilir, crystal, beryl ; — billavr, tall and stout ; brave. (j^^) balwaz, inf. ii , frame (a picture, m.). y-^j balus, something, a little ; md balus, nothing. tjl> baUitt, oak-tree; acorn; — s^ ty^ sdh halh'it, hazel-nut tree, chestnut-tree. gjl} baliV, wide. ic^j ballu'a-t, pi. baldW, sewer, sink. g^j baltig, who has arrived ; highest (m.) ; — bvJi'ig, puberty, maturity ; full age, majority ; execution, accomplishment, com- pletion (^)- i«cjl! bitlmjiyya-f, puberty, ma- turity. '^•^ bidi'ih, division ; company of soldiers ; squadron (Turk.). J^ buliV, 6 buh'ila-t^^iik bnhila-f, q.v. ; see (J>)- t5^ balii!-aii^=t,}h bilwa-t, q.v. ^^ bala, yes, indeed, in answer to a negative question ; — bil-an, bal-an ( ^i;), threadbareness ; (m.) putrifaction ; — bily, pi. aUiV=^} bilw; — baliyy, f. i, worn, threadbare = JW bdli ; (m.) putrid ; — bulla, wealth after poverty ; — i baliyy a- f, pi. baluyij, baliyyiU, visitation; ca- lamity ; State, condition ; camel tied up at the tomb of her master. yVJj balaydn, people without order or leader ; gone nobody knows whither. <.s-^ bilUt, taciturn ; wise, g-li balij, resplendent, shining ; clear, distinct, open ; — billij, oar (m.). •^ balid, stupid, idiotic ; — 2 biilaida-t, little village, hamlet. )£l> bil'iz, short and strong. ,3-Ij baliq, pi. bulaqd', eloquent, mature, complete ; efficacious, effective, forcible ; considerable, numerous, innumerable. JJb balll, sound, noise, tumult ; balil, » balila.-t, cold damp wind ; balil, preceded by Jjli qalil, little, small quantity ; — bulail, open road. ^ bi-ma, for Uj bi-md, whereby, &c. ; — bamm, pi. bumilm, bass- string, bass ; — bum in (for f>)i buvi), owl. U? bi-md, whereby, so that ; never- theless ; whereby ? how ? why ? what for ? yj l,an=^y. bal, rather, &c. ; — bun, ban, for (^>^ ihii, between two proper names; — bimi, fat; bad-smelling place ; — bnmi, coffee-berry ; coffee-tree ; — ii banna-i, pi. bind a, smell, odour. ((^) bann, i, inf. bunn, stand, u? 144 remain, stay, settle ; — ii. inf. tahnin, tie up animals in order to fatten them ; — iv. inp. ihni'iii^l. ^ bi-vi'i, by us, with us, &c. (W) btniV, INP. (i_s^) ; pi. ahiiiijn-t, pi. pi. ahniyilt, building, struc- ture ; vault; form ; conjugation ; — hanii'l'j pi. hanniVun, builder; architect. vJ^ haniH, daughters, &c., pi. of t^.^ hint; iji>«-01 u;j^> hanntii-'ii- na's-i, constellation of the bear ; jjs hanatu-H-arhaH-i, Tvord of four consonants. ijjUj hanudira-t, pi. of ^■^t hiiiidor. (3?.J^ haiii'idlij, pi. of li^-^ hinnh'tq- (•^ ha nil III, for — oW hanihi, ', finger, finger-top; — hin'ni, smells, scents, ]i\. of ^ hanna-t; — hiunlna-t, mag- nificent garden, rich meadow. h\^. hiti'hja-t, lofty building. (ct~jj), II. hannat, inf. tahnit, ask many questions ; communicate everything; blame, scold. ts^." Jin/, pi. haiiiU, daughter ; girl ; puppet ; frec|uent in com- position, as : iAAJ\ v-j hinfii-'s- ktfat-i, daughter of the lip, speech ; J<-=J^ v hintn-'J-jahal-i, daughter of the mountain, echo ; (^s«3\ v_> hiiitii-l-'ain-i, daughter of the eye, tear ; s-»a*5\ wj hintu- 'l-'inah-i, daughter of the grape, wine; — (^ hintiiji/, daughterlv, filial. (g-4) haiij, henbane, a soporific herb; — hiiij, root, origin; fa- mily. ^ hdiiaj, V, INF. hanj, return to the original or former state ; — II. INF. tahnlj, drug by the plant ^> haiij ; peep, cluck ; — iv. inf. ihiii'ij, claim m- arro<^ate a noble ijs-^. hull itiru-t, ]il. ?ia«'?y/r, window- hole (Prrs,). (e^) haiiah, A, inf. hatih, cut into slices. ^ huniih, pi. gifts, presents. J.AJ land, pi. lumU (Pers.), banner, flag; legion of 10,000 men; pawn in chess ; band ; sword- belt ; noose ; division, chapter ; oblong flat stone; (m.) gut ; — II. hannad, inf. tahnid, array in liattle-order; cut flat-stones, cut in stone. j\j,Aj hnndi'i-, pi. haii'''dira-i, fore- staller, wlio buys up, buyer on speculation. jj-i handar, pi. htioldir, harbour, port; emporium; (m.) workshop; _jjLu sU. ,s'(?/( handar, syndic of thi.' merchants. (^3JL4) handaq,ivY.i, give a glo- bular form to (ace.) ; fix one's look sharply at {J'\ ila) ; (m.) cause to degenerate ; cause to beget bastards. ^^dij bunduq, i, pi. hani'dlq, hazel- nut, nut; sling-stone ; ball(m.); — (^ bunduqiijij, dress of finest linen ; — h hundnqiyya-i, gun, musket. oj-i^ hundiiq, pi. hanndiq, bastard ; gun, musket (m.). ijssx^, bandaira-t, banner, flag, ban- derol, pennon, streamer (m.). (^.-.u) hanis. A, inf. banas, shuu or escape an evil ; — ii. isr. tabnis, remain behind, tarry ; — iv. inf. ibiids^i. ((ji-ii) banas, v, inf. bans, slacken, relax, bo remiss in anything; — II. INF. tabnis, id. tj^> hanis, cloak with sleeves (Turk.) j'^ hinsir, pi. 6n»i'S('r, ring-finger. >^ hiiii-iii-, clitoris. hanafsaj, violet (Pers.) ; — ^ banafsajiyy, violet colour. ((3-=-0 banaq, u, inf. banq, arrive ; plant 2^alms on jiart of a valley ; — II. inf. tnhniij, IV. inf. ibnuq, ill. ; II. remain in a pjlace ; speak tersely and concisely ; forge a lie ; cut one's back bv (JW 145 lashing ; put round one's neck ; put a gore into a shift or shirt (see ^a#Aj baniqa-t) ; make a quiver wide at the top and narrow at the bottom. ^■4 binaqa-t, opening of a shirt or shift at the breast. (cdi}), II. INF. tabnilc, go a-gossip- ing ; tell, narrate ; perform ; — V. INF. tabannuk, stand firm ; remain. >^ bank, pi. buni'ik, bank (m.) ; — • hunk, root ; essence or best part of a thing. ^■4 banti, sons, pi. of yj\ ibn; — ii bunuwwa-t, sonship, filiation. ii>>y< bannuda-f, back ; buttocks. jy>. bani'ir, tried, experienced. yyj bannn, sons, pi. of (^\ ibn. ijj^ banawiyy, filial, referring to or becoming a son. (l5^) ici-n,d, I, INF. bany, bind', bunydn, binya-t, bindya-t, build, construct, raise ; inf. hind', in- flect a word grammatically, construe ; strengthen, fatten ; assist by benefits ; lead a bride in procession to her new home ; lie with a woman ; — ii. inf. tahniya-t, build ; — iv. inf. ihnd', give materials for building, cause to build ; batten ; report, relate ; — V. inf. tahannl, call one's son, adopt ; have full thighs ; — viii. INF. ibtind', build ; have built ; give building materials ; lead the bride home ; pitch a tent for one's wife ; lie with ; beget, give birth. i_y4 bani, sons, pi. of (^\ ibn ; — baniyy, pi. ahniya-t, building ; — bunayy, little son ; pi. f . hunayydt, small cups ; (3i;I=!\ '■^^ hunay- ydtu-'t-tariqi, ramifications of a road ; — 5 binya-t, bunya-t, pi. ^. binan, bunan, edifice ; structure of the body; — baniyy a-t, the Caaba ; — buniyya-t, cofEee (as drink). aW*J banyan, work, deed, action ; corrupt (language) ; — hunydn, building, edifice ; wall, rampart ; foundation ; gJU v" hunydn sdlih, edifying example. ^^ baniqa-t, pi. hand'iq, shoot of a vine ; tuft of hair ; gore of a dress or shirt ; opening of a shirt or shift at the breast. y«^ hanin, firmly built or founded ; wise. 1^. hah, well done ! bravo ! — 61-^1, by him, with him, &c. (<^) bahh, u, INF. hahh, rise in honour and authority with the sovereign. (Wi) haha', hahi', bahu', inf. hah', bahd', buhu', get accustomed to (s^ hi) ; baha', understand ; a, INF. bah', empty or destroy the tent or house ; — iv. inf. ibhd', id. ; — VIII. INF. ibtihd', get ac- customed. Wj bahd', beauty, brilliance, ele- gance ; — bi-hd, with her. uyW? hahhdt, calumniator, slanderer. ^W? hahdja-t, inf. of (g6J). jW? bahdr, beautiful, resplendent ; beauty ; pimento ; ox-eye ; cus- tom tax ; excise ; — huhur, an idol ; swallow ; fresh cotton ; tacking of a ship ; a weight (400-1000 rati). JJ^e? bahdlil, pi. of jy« buhMl, laugher, &c. {^^. bahdlin, pi. of y^^ hahluwdn, pugilist, &c. {j^^. huhdnis, tame ; lion. »Uej bahbdh, hoarse roar. (iV-.g;) bahhah, inf. 5 , bahbdh, roar low and in a muffled manner, as if hoarse ; — 11. inf. tabahbuh, get honoured and elevated ; — ^5 hahhahiyy, great, tall, strong. («j>«) bahat, v, inf. haht, surprise and seize; — inf. haht, bahat, huhtdn, accuse wrongly ; lie ; — bahat, bahit, hahut, inf. haht, bahat (also pass.), lose one's head, be perplexed, stunned, astonished ; (m.) be of a faint colour, be dimmed ; — 11. inf. 19 u^-a 146 ^ tabhit, bewilder, astonisli and perplex ; — iv. inf. ihhdt, be perplexed ; be of a faint colour. ts-^? btiht, lie, calumny ; — great liars, pi. of uu^ buhiit ; — 5 bahta-t, astonishment, bewilder- ment. t)^'^ buhtdn, calumny ; f alseliood ; INF. of (u:-~8?). (y*) bahtar, lie ; — buhtur, buh- tura-t, pi. bahdtir, short of stature, (t)^) bahtan, inf. S , calumniate, lie. (>^-8J) bahas, a, inf. 6a/is, receive with joy ; — vi. inf. tabdhus, id. ii^ buhsa-t, wild cow ; son of a whore. (g8?) bahaj, a, inf. 6a^j, rejoice (a.), cheer ; — bahij, a, inf. bahaj, rejoice (n.), be cheerful; — bahuj, INF. bahdja-t, be hand- some, elegant, lovely ; — ii. inf. tabhij, embellish, adorn ; cheer up (a.) ; — III. INF. mubdhaja-t, boast of greater beauty ; — iv. INF. ibhdj, cheer, rejoice (a.) ; show beautiful vegitation ; — v. INF. tabahhuj, be glad, cheerful ; — VI. INF. tabdhvj, be adorned with flowers; — vii. inf. inbihdj, rejoice (n.), wonder; — viii. inf. ibtihdj, rejoice at (v* bi) ; — x. INF. istibhdj, id. g6? bahaj, joy, gladness, inf. of (s*) ; — bahij, glad, cheerful ; handsome ; — i baJtja-t, joy, rejoicing ; beauty, loveliness, splendour, elegance. (j-ifli) bahdar, inf. i , squander, dissipate (m.). t^;^ buhdiiriyy, child which does not thrive. (J>^) bahdal, inf. S , walk quickly and with a light step ; (m.) insult ; slight ; despise, con- demn. J-^eJ bahdal, the young of a hyena ; — ii bahdala-t, insult ; treating with contempt. (;«?) bahar, a, inf. bahr, buhih-. shine, be brilliant ; outshine, surpass; be far; be unsuccess- ful, unlucky, unfortunate; im- portune, molest, overburden ; calumniate, abuse ; utter the phrase ii\ ;« bahar dla-hu, may God destroy his people, either in earnest or in jest to express wonder ; — pass, be tired so as to be out of breath ; be blunted (sword) ; be dazzled (by the sun); — II. INF. iabhir, season, pepper (m.) ; — iv. inf. ibhdr, relate something wonderful ; grow rich after poverty ; be scorched by the mid-day sun; behave one time well, another badly ; marry a handsome woman ; (m.) dazzle ; — v. inf. tabaJihur, shine, be resplendent ; be full ; be out of breath ; — VII. inf. inbihdr, be out of breath ; fall into ruins ; wonder ; — VIII. INF. ibtihdr, boast falsely of a crime ; be talked about on account of attentions shown to a woman ; reproach, put to shame ; pray and invoke God continually ; fall asleep over one's day dreams ; not slacken in one's zeal for or against (J Ii, tji fi.) ; break asunder ; — si. INF. ibhirdi; be half spent or more, be dark (night). jii bahr, distinction; superiority; victory ; filling, completing ; removal ; friendship, love ; sor- row ; calumny ; overburdening ; astonishment ; — buhr, shortness of breath ; town, province ; middle of a valley ; — i buhm-t, pi. buhar, middle part; centre; extensive tract of good land. \^. bahr-an, a curse on him ! (•\;6! bahrdm, planet Mars (Pers.). (E;3i) bahraj, inf. ii , mislead tra- vellers (guide) ; cause one's blood to be shed unavenged. e;6! bahraj, vain, in vain ; lie ; corrupt, bad; forged, counter- feit ; in everybody's reach ; je) 147 valueless ; nothingness ; — bahraj and y W-j^j hahrajdn, tinsel ; — » bahraja-t, deviation. ()}9i), II. INF. tahahrur, be dazzled by the sun. (u-^), II. INF. tabahrus, walk along proudly. ((•;«) bahram, inf. ii , dye one's beard with hennah ; — ii. inf. tabahrum, be red. (•;9? bahram, i bahrama-t, saffron ; hennah. (j«) bahaz, a, inf. bahz, push back violently. )j9 bahzar, active and prudent ; noble, generous ; — » bahzura-t, bahzara-t, pi. bahhir, bahdzira-t, big she-camel ; tall palm-tree. u~9} fcfit^s, boldness. (ij~«) bahas, a, inf. 6aA*, examine, investigate into (^^ 'an); be taken up with ( J\ iZa) ; stretch out the hand for (,J\ ila) any- thing, whether taking it or not ; be ready to cry or to laugh ; assemble (n.) ; — v. inf. tabah- hus, assemble, gather together (n.) ; — VI. INF. tabdhus, reach or throw to each other any- thing. Lr4J bahs, willingly ; friendly. (u=9») bahis, a, inf. bahas, be thirsty ; — iv. inf. ibhds, prevent, hinder. ij>ii bahas, thirst. ( J-=«) bahsal, inf. ii , play at dice for one's coat ; eat the meat to the bones ; oust. J-a« buhsul, stout ; white ; f. small. ii*'^) buhsuni, firm, hard ; brave. ij'y^ buhsiis, something ; >.t^ U md buhsus, nothing. iu^} bahad, a, inf. bahd, molest, cause difScultv ; — iv. inf. ibhad, id. 1=« bahatt, rice cooked with milk and butter (Pers.). (^}) bahaz, a, inf. bahz, molest, overwhelm (work) ; overburden ; seize at the beard. > ^. bahz, burden, weight ; im- portance. (i«) bahag, u, inf. b^(,hug, sleep. (v3«) bahaq, leprosy, white scab ; ringworm;— 6a%, afflicted with such. (liiXg}) bahkasa-t, swiftness. ( J^), ' , full of sap and healthy ; smooth and exuberant ; sleek. (t)^8}) feaMrt»=(J^); — II. inf. tabahhun, trip, take short steps. ( Jk) bahal, a, inf. bahl, curse ; leave one to his own will ; — bahil. A, INF. bahal, (m.) be stupid ; — III. INF. mubdhala-t, curse one another ; — iv. inf. ibhdl, leave, leave alone, leave to one's own will ; set free ; coax ; water the crops ; (m.) render stupid ; blunt ; — v. inf. tabahhul, look for a thing with anxiety ; — v., vi. inf. tabuhul, VIII. INF. ibtihdl, curse one an- other ; — VII. INF. inbihdl, get stupid ; — VIII. humiliate one's self before God and call to Him ; exert one's self ; — x. INF. istibhdl, milk ; leave the subjects to their own will ; secure the freedom of a people or tribe ; (m.) find a person stupid. J9> bahl, curse ; a little of any- thing ; bahl, bahal, inf. of (Jw); — buhl, buhhal, pi. of Ja^} bdhil, free, &c. \>. bahl-an, gently 1 patience ! (,u~^), II. inf. tabahlus, return from foreign parts unexpectedly and empty-handed. (l/^)) II- INF. tabahlus, undress. (1.?%) bahlaq, pi. bahdliq, calamity; — bahlaq, buhluq, woman with a red complexion; talkative woman; — 6 bahlaqa-t, ])rid.e, lie; scolding, insulting; pi. bahdliq, vanities; — II. INF. tabahluq, lie. fiUflj bahlala-t, ^ bahala-t, stu- pidity (m.) ; — bahla-t, bnhla-t, curse. y\jl9? bahluwdn, pi. bahdlin, pugi- J9} 148 f- list ; rope-dancer ; merry An- drew (Pers.). Jjl« biMi'iI, laughing, smiling ; prince endowed with every accomplishment ; — pi. hahUil, laugher ; blockhead ; merry Andrew. 1^ bahm, haliain, lambs, kids and calves in one flock ; — huJim, buhum, pi. naked, bare ; healthy and faultless ; — t> bah- ma-t, pi. bihilm, hihdm'd, kid, lamb, calf, foal of a camel ; — buhma-t, pi. buJiam, stone, rock ; inconquerable combatant ; very arduous matter ; army ; squadron of horse. {fVt), II. INF. tabhtm, separate young cattle from their mothers ; abide in a place ; — iv. inf. ibhihn, shut or lock a door ; leave doubtful or ambiguous ; be so ; conceal; avert; — v. inf. tabah- hwm, be doubtful, ambiguous, obscure ; be covered, concealed ; — X. INF. istibhCim, be doubtful, &c., talk unintelligibly or bar- barously ; not be able to speak, keep silent ; appear as a stranger or barbarian ; find anything obscure. (ijUgj) bahnilna-t, having a sweet breath ; friendly, smiling. (jj"^) bahnas, tame docile camel ; heavy and fat ; lion ; — ii. inf. iabahnus, walk along proudly (part, mutabahnis, lion). (^) baliil, baJiu, bahi, inf. bah'i' , be beautiful, shine with beauty ; — balia, surpass in beauty; — bahi, INF. bahy, be empty ; — ii. INF. tabhiya-f, enlarge and fur- nish; — III. INF. mubdhi'd, vie or surpass in beauty ; boast ; — IV. INF. ibhiV, empty; tear; let loose or free, leave unem- ployed (a horse, &c.) ; — vi. INF. tabdhl-^iu. ; be proud, glory. jV. baliiv, pi. abha , biiliii ir u- , 6 mAii/2/, advanced house or tent; lair of the wild buffalo ; apart- ment for the women ; hold of a ship; large stable;— pi- abhiV , abhi, bihiyy, buhiyy, large, ex- tensive ; wide tract of land; cavity of the chest or belly ; — buhiV, INF. of (W>). cy^ baUt, pi. biM, buhut, great liar. _)j«} bahirar, lion. ^^ buMg, going to sleep. ^ baha, bah1, see (^) ; — baW, see (W») ; — bahiyy, handsome, beautiful, elegant, shining, re- splendent; — biliiyy, buhiyy, pi. of ^ hahw. yt:^. bahir, adj. breathing heavily, panting; — » bahira-t, pi. /W^ bahd'ir, handsome, delicate (wo- man). J-=49? buhaisil, weak, small, insig- nificant. AJ-ai bahila-t, free woman with rich dowry. (»*«» lahhu, pi. bulium, buhm, one- coloured horse; black; unknown; soundless, without an echo; pure, unmixed ; faultless ; excellent ; — S bahhna-t, pi. bahiVim, quadru- ped ; brute, in opposition to a rational being; — ^^ bahimiyy, referring to beasts, bestial, brutal; — h bahimiyya-t, besti- ality. (j«~>fl? buhainis, lion. f. bu, in comp. for )i\ abu, father ; — ba WW, foal of a camel ; ashes ; — f . » , stupid, foolish, mad. (^) hi'i\ V, INF. ban', return, come back; bring back (ace. or v> bi); draw upon one's self ; agree with, suit (aco. or v» bi) ; — inf. ban', bawi!', acknowledge (debt, &c.) ; atone, retaliate ; be killed in retaliation ; — ii. inf. tabwi', bring or lead back ; take for a wife, lie with (ace.) ; invite into one's house, receive hospitably ; alight and stay ; point the lance against (f^ na/nr-a) ; — iii, INF. mubitica'a-t, retaliate, kill 149 vy by way of retaliation ; — iv. INF. ibd'a-t, bring or lead back; = 111. ; put the hand to the sword, get ready for combat ; receive in one's house ; alight ; follow in succession ; flee ; — V. INF. tahawwu', alight, choose a house for a lodging, take possession of or possess a house ; take possession of a wife and her dowry ; — vi. inf. tabilwu', resemble each other, be able to pass one for another; — x. inf. istibiVa-t, take or furnish a place for a lodging ; retaliate, kill in retaliation ; return to each other or to one's people. \)i 6aM!t(', equality, similarity ; atone- ment, retaliation. s->V iawwdb, door-keeper, porter; — ii biwiiba-t, office of door- keeper ; — bawwdba-t, litter, sedan-chair. y^y bawdtir, swords, pi. of yk bdtir. ^^y bawdh-aii, openly, publicly. jW bawdd, INF. of (J^). _)Jly bawddir, fleshy parts between neck and shoulders ; pi. of JijiJ^ bddira-t. ij-i^f. bawddi, inhabitants of the desert, deserts, pi. of aj-^W bddiya-t. C^^V iciwdzih, high mountain- chains, pi. of ii-jVi bdziha-t. j\f. bawdr, destruction, ruin, per- dition ; bad affairs ; inf. of (j^) ; woman whom no one sues ; pi. j)> bilr, uncultivated fields. CjV io,wdrih, pi. of CjW bdrih, living in the plain, &c., q.v. 0)\y bawdrid, sharp swords ; pi. of •^j^ . q-v- Jij\)> bawdriq, pi. of JSj^ hdriq, » , flashing, &c. ^^^f. bawdri, reed mats, mats of bulrushes, pi. of h)^. bdriya-t, ijjf. buriyy, &c. ; — bawdriyy, maker of such. Jj\y bawdzil, pi. of Jj^ bdxil, ex- perienced. (4jV hawdzi, falcons, pi. of ^^j^ bdziyy. (3-V hawdsiq, high palm-trees, &C., pi. of i^\i bdsiq. ;ii-V baindsir, piles, pi. of j^Vj bdsur, ;--.y baush: ij*"^^? hawdsiq, sparrow-hawks, pi. of (34.^ bdsiq. ^'^f. bawddi', herds, Ac, pi. of ^*^W bddi'a-t, q.v. t)i=_V bawdtin, pi. of (^^ bdtin, interior, &c. J'V bawdti, vats, pi. of A-tU bdtiya-t. ki^^y bawd'is, reasons, motives, pi. of AicU bd'isa-t. vi^y bawwdq, trumpeter, ^^y bawdqir, cows, pi. of ifi baqra-t. /^y bawdhir, virgins, pi. of s/W bdkira-t. (_/^y bawdJct, mourning women, pi. of i-i'W bdhiya-t. J\y buwdl, diabetes ; — baivwdl, who makes water frequently ; piss-a-bed. ^jJly bawdW, sewers, sinks, pi. of icyVs bdlu'a-t. O^y biwun, buivdn, ]>\. abwina-t, bun, buwan, peg or pole of a tent ; door-post. tj\y. bawdnt, pi. ribs of the chest ; legs of quadrupeds ; pi. of ^ bdniya-t, see y^ bdn-in, ^J\:i bdni. ■^f. bawdhid, pi. calamities. g>\y baivd'ij, misfortunes, cala- mities, pi. of iUj!?^ hd'ija-t. ^f. ha ivd'i', pi. of 5>V} bd'i', woman with many suitors. i3»\j» hawd'iq, calamities, pi. of W>U bd'iqa-t. (i_jy) bdb, V, be door-keeper to (J li) ; make an opening or door ; — II. INF. tahwib, divide into chapters ; (m.) guide ; — v. INF. tabawwuh, take as a door- keeper ; pass, become such. iUy baubdt, desert, waste, yy hu'bu', pupil of the eye ; middle or principal part ; root ; eminent 160 Ji>y genius, scholar, &c., ; body of a locust. (ji'^y butiHiyy, referring to house- hold expenditure. to^ hiitaqa-t, crucible (Pers.). (^i^y) bds, V, INF. baus, reject, disperse, squander ; examine, try, investigate ; — iv. inf. ibd- sa-t, id. ; tear up the ground, plough ; — vni. INF. ibtiijih, examine, investigate ; — x. inf. istibdsa-t, excite, raise (dust) ; extract, draw out. (e^) bdj, Ti, INF. bauj, baivajd/i, be tired ; shine, flash ; cry out, call ; befall ; — II. INF. tabwij, v. inf. tabaivwitj, vii. inf. inh'uj'ij, shine, flash ; — vii. befall {^J^ 'ala). tf. bauj, yW-j} bairajiin, flash of lightning ; clamour ; tiredness. (cy) bah, V, inf. bauli, bu'uh, bit dha-t, be known, public ; make known, publish, divulge, show clearly ; boast in public ; — -iv. INF. ibdha-t, communi- cate ; escape, abscond ; betray a client ; profess publicly ; make anything public property ; allow ; offer ; — x. inf. istibdha-f, make public property ; allow ; jjrostitute ; squander or lose one's projjerty ; consider lawful ; do or take what is lawful ; anni- hilate. C)} bnh, root, origin; pudenda; sexual intercourse ; soul ; sun ; confusion of affairs ; — baufi, see (Cjj) ; — ba'uh, who betrays his secrets. ^^)i bauha, thrown down, pro- strate. itji) bdh, V, INF. bauh, subside, become extinct ; be tired ; — inf. bu'i'ih, turn bad, smell badly (meat) ; — iv. inf. ibdha-t, ex- tinguish. tf- bi'ih, confusion. (>>^), see (^). J^ baud, well; departure (J^). AJiJy bUdaqa-t, crucible. (j^) bd?, u, INF. bauz, transgress, encroach ; grow poor, needy ; humble one's self. jy baiu, encroachment, transgres- sion ; poverty ; humiliation. (j^) bdr, V, INF. baur, baiudr, perish ; be dull (market), not sell (merchandise) ; lie unculti- vated or fallow; be lazy; be spoiled ; be in vain ; devastate ; — INF. baur, explore, spy out ; — IV. INF. ihdm-i, destroy, an- nihilate ; — V. INF. tahawwur, complain of impending ruin ; — VIII. INF. iUiydr, explore, spy out ; lie with a woman. j)> baur, ruin, perdition, destruc- tion ; knowledge from experi- ence ; INF. of ()f); — baur, bur, uncultivated or fallow land ; — bnr (du. and pi. m. and f.), reprobates, people doomed to perdition; — baur, bdr, pi. of /W bd^ir, q.v. ; — s bu'ra-t, hole in the ground to make fire in ; treasure ; provisions ; — bdra-i, a fallow. lijy buraq, '^jji burali, borax ; salt- petre. iS)j>. buriyii, i buriyya-t, ^j^ huriyd, pi. bau-dr!, reed mat, mat of bul- rushes ; street (Pers.). (jy) bdz, snout (m.) ; — ii. inf. tabaicwuz, make a sour face. jy> h'dnz, falcons, pi. of jW bdz ; — ■ i bCiza-t, ^ bi'iza, beer. ((j-y) bds, V, INF. baus, be rough ; kiss ; kiss the ground before (J //) ; mix with (»_» bi). (j-y btls, calamity, poverty ; mix- ture ; kiss ; — bu's, pi. ab'us, evil, calamity, misery ; empoverish- ment ; inf. of (u~^0 ! — ' bi'isa-f, kiss. yU-.y bustd7i=^ (^^^~~^ busidn, garden. &^)> busta-f, post (m.). ,_j-y bu'sa, misery, inf. of (u~S}). pr-)i bausir, pi. bawdsii; emerods, piles. (v>y) 6((.v, r, INF. baus, clamour, be boisterous (crowd) ; reach Jsy 161 usJy over to (ace.) ; — ii. inf. tabwis, V. INF. tahawwus, be crowded in confusion ; — vi. inf. tabdwus, stretch out the arms against each other (for combat) ; — vii. INF. inhiyds, turn aside from a thing. i>y hau^, hi'is, crowd ; troop, gang; for abwcU, rabble, vagabonds ; clamour, tumult ; a dish of flour and lentils ; — haus, vain, useless, in vain (m.). jUj> hih'dd, turnip. ^j> hausiyy, pauper with many children ; vulgar or vile fellow ; — hilsiyy, stuff from Bus, in Egypt. (ijcj?) has, V, INF. baus, remain, stay ; walk fast ; get tired ; urge to haste ; flee and hide ; im- portune by questions or de- mands ; — II. INF. tabwis, head in a horse-race ; have a pure complexion ; have full hips (woman). i^y baus, bus, colour, complexion ; hips of a woman ; their soft- ness ; — baus, quick walk ; tired- ness ; pi. abwds, species, race of animals. ^f. bausiV, f. having full hips. ^fi busiyy, boat. yi^f. bausir, piles. i^f. bitda-t=:'ij)> bilza-t, beer. (tji) bat, V, INF. haut, grow poor after being rich ; be despised after enjoying honours ; — * buta-t, crucible. *J>U'y bu-tdqa-t, Maria Theresa dol- lar (possessor of a window, the Hungarian coat of arms). ^^)> hutdniya-t, wild vine plant. &n!=y butaqa-t, crucible. (t^) bdz, V, INF. bauz, grow thin after being stout. (gy) bd', XI, INF. bau', stretch out the arms and measure by them ; reach with outstretched hand ; make long strides ; — v. inf. tahawwu', measure ; be mea- sured ; be long ; make long strides ; keep up with (ace.) ; — VII. INF. hibiyd', be measured ; uncoil in order to spring ; spring (snake) ; stretch one's self ; depart ; run, flow (perspira- tion) ; give the merchandise cheaper. gy bau', bn', gVj hd', cubit, ell ; stride ; loftiness ; nobility ; honour; gU\ (iSi-A) )^ qasir-u (t^ayyiq-u) 'l-bd-i, miserly, ava- ricious ; — bau', mountain slip. (tf-) bdg, Tj, INF. baug, conquer, vanquish, surpass ; — v. inf. tabawwug, boil, be agitated ; conquer. ^y baugd', soft, friable earth ; flighty, frivolous people ; con- fusion ; scent, fragrance. (>3y) bdq, u, INF. bauq, cause mischief or quarrel ; befall ; fall upon from an ambush ; gird, surround ; rush together upon a person and kill him ; perish ; surprise or intrude upon (Jc 'ala) ; steal from (ace.) ; blow the trumpet. oy bauq, trumpet ; talkative fel- low, babbler, chatterer ; — hilq, pi. bi'iqdt, abwdq, biqdn, trumpet; shell, flute, pipe ; rattle; talker; vain, false, unjust ; — i buqa-t, pi. buwaq, heavy shower. t.^^'Uy huqdt, pi. of ^3y buq, (ni.) rattle. J^y huqdl, tankard without handle, drinking-vessel. (^j*liy bu-qalamiln, chameleon ; tortoise ; turkey ; anything gaudy ; changing colour, fickle, capricious ; fickleness ; caprice of fortune. W*y buqisd, elm-tree. (isly) hdh, V, INF. bauh, cover (as a stallion) ; lie with a woman ; form into a ball between one's palms ; sell or buy ; stir up a spring with a stick to make it tsJy 162 flow more abundantly ; be com- plicated, confused, entangled ; be perplexed, at one's wits' end; — INF. lu'ilh, get fat;- — VII. INF. inhiydh, be perplexed. (i^)^) csJy Jj\ awwal-a lauk-in, the first time ; before all others. ^f. haukcV, confusion. /)i baulcar=ji^ baikar, measure with the compasses (m.) (J)*) ^t<^ U) INF. haul, make water; break forth, flow ; melt (n.) ; — ba'ul, INF. ba'dla-t, bu'dla-t, be small and weak ; — ii. inf. tabwil, make water; — iv. inf. ibdla-t, cause to make water; — X. INF. istihdla-t, want to make water ; cause to make water. J^ baul, pi. abwdl, urine; wed- lock ; children ; son ; large number ; great liberality ; Jy j>s5«5\ baulu-'l-'ajuz, cow-milk; — » baula-t, daughter. J^y bfildd (Pers.), steel ; (m.) razor. {j^j>. bfilas, dungeon in hell. i^ji bulsa-t=-^^f. bulisa-t. ^}i baula', glutton. i^f. bulisa-t, pi. ij'^^f. haivdlis, money-letter, draft, bill of exchange ; cheque, circular note (Ital. polizza). f>ji bum, i , owl. (t)^) ^''™' ^) INF. 6aMM=(y-j). yy baun, hiin, interval, interstice ; difllerence ; — bun, buiran, tent- poles, door-posts, pi. of (J\ji biwdn, buivdn ; — ii bauna-t, little daughter. giViy bu-ndfi', wine. (5^) bdh, u, INF. bauh, lie with one's wife ; — u and a, inf. bauh, haih, fix one's thoughts upon (J /(')> understand, anim- advert. »y bauh, curse, imprecation ; — biVi, i biiha-f, owl ; moulting hawk ; feather in the wind ; dry wool in the ink-bottle ; thin of bones ; lean ; stupid, dull, insipid. CjjJ ba'iVi, who cannot keep his secrets ; — bu'iih, see (c^)- t)y! ba' I'lh, see (c^O- •^jf. hu'i'iz, falcons, pi. of j^ bdz. (j-jy bulls, see (u-^) ; l5^_>? biCnq, see (j^). ^5)> bawa, inf. bayy, be similar to another in speech and manners ; — bawan, hope; desire; emu- lation ; malice ; troulile, vexa- tion, molestation ; talents ; — haiviyy, stupid, foolish, mad. Wtej^ bi'i-yahyd, angel of death. (^J>} bu', salute anyone with the words AlSl ciJlo bayyd-l-a 'l-ldh-ii, " May G-od prosper thee ! " &c. ; — II. INF. tabyi, explain, comment upon, elucidate ; take a firm purpose, intend earnestly. ^_5> bay, prince (Turk. u^Xi) ; — bayy, vile person; ^. i^\ abn-ii bayy-in, stranger, one unknown ; — » bi'a-t, epidemic ; plague. *T»W} bayydb, seller of water. caWj baydf, night attack; night- time ; INF. of (i-=-~4*). ^Wi bayydha-t, net for fishing. »>V-j baydd, inp. of (-V;). ;>iWi bayddir, threshing-floors, pi. of j>^ baidar. ^•^W bayddiqa-t, j^W? haydziq, S baydziqa-t, see o^ baidaq. (J'JW? bayddiyy, foot-soldier (Pers. m.). _)V£j bi'dr, wells, pi. of j^ bi'r. oj^i? baydriq, standards, pi. of (i^ bairaq. jjW» baydzir, i baydzira-t, cudgels, &c., pi. of jj-J baizar ; — baydzira-t, pi. of j^j*} baizdr, penis. ;jjWj baydzir, maces, pi. of i,U-j baizdra-t. u-W? hai'as, strong, bold; hard, severe ; lion. ijiUj baydd, whiteness; brightness; milk ; (m.) anything made of milk (butter, cheese) ; eggs ; white paper ; leprosy ; i^^\ yilo 153 bayddu-'l-wajh-i, observance of good manners ; generosity ; — hayydd, white earth ; — S haydda-t, whiteness ; brightness ; white spot in the eye ; — bayydda-t, hen which lays many eggs ; — (j bayddiyy, elegant poem. ii^W? haydtira-t, veterinary sur- geons, pi. of jVko bait dr. jjjW? baydztr, maces, pi. of 'ij^yni haizura-t. gW bayyd', pi. bayyd'ihi, seller; appraiser ; — s biyd'a-t, pi. biyd- 'd-t, merchandise. /Wj baydJiir, pi. of J>^ baikdr, compasses. t)W> baydn, explanation ; com- mentary ; evident meaning ; demonstration ; eloquence, rhe- toric; division; — bayydn, thing; =(j? bayy; — ^ baydniyy, ex- plaining, commenting. •t^. bib, pipe, drain. yW*} bibdn, doors, &c., pi. of ^^ bob. (ct»ij) bat, I, A, INF. bait, baydt, niabit, baitilta-t, do anything at night-time; pass the night; — II. INF. tabyit, perform at night ; attack at night ; give a night's lodging ; consult, resolve at night ; leave a thing in the same condition during the night ; prevent from ((^c 'an) ; — iii. INF. mubdyata-t, pass the night with anyone ; — iv. inf. ibdta-t, give a night's lodging, cause to do anything at night ; — x. inf. istibdta-t, seek or have a night's food, provide one's self ; have no place for passing the night ; be poor, a beggar. ■^ bait, pi. bwyiit, buyiitdt, tent ; house, building ; Caaba ; palace, castle ; house-floor ; apart- ment, room ; case, compart- ment ; tomb ; ^ V bait-u md'-in, g\^\ >~> baitu-'l-firdg-i, liai3\ vr* baitu-'l-hald-i, water-closet ; s-> <-4!=U\ baitu-'l-lutf-i, wine-house ; ■ — family ; wedlockj members of the household, servants ; — pi. abydi, distich, couplet, strophe; noble, nobility; — inf. of (ci-»}); — bit, S bita-t, provisions, victuals (for a night) ; passing the night (s.), night's lodging. *>y»? baitiUa-t, see (i.=~rf). ,j~rf baitiyy, domestic, belonging or referring to the house. <-i-^ baisa, see (ki~)=.). o>*^^«i baijddaq, a kind of ruby (Pers.). (c*}), II. inf. tabyi/i, cut into pieces and distribute ; let out a secret to (v* bi). t)V«, baizdr, i , talker, babbler. fcxj baizah, fleshy, plump. i^\jj^ baizardniyy, talker, bab- bler. }&) bi'r, f. pi. ab'dr, ab'ur, db'ur, bi'dr, well ; — » bi'ra-t, anything 20 >*♦ 154 (A» hidden in the ground, treasure ; provender, provisions ; — hira-t, beer (m.). li^^irf bairdq=: jyii lairaq. C^p^ bairdm, Bairam-feast. o;-rf hairaq, pi. baydriq, standard, flag; troop of soldiers (Pers.). j\^j-> hairaqddr, standard-bearer, ensign. fyii hairam, borer ; axe, hatchet ; liquid collyrium. aypi hairamnn, eve of a festival, vigil (m.). Ejjij-! hairuzaj, turquoise, (^jj) hdz, INP. baiz, huyuz, perish, and, by opposition, live, live on, escape. ^y^. baizdr, pi. bay'izira-i, penis ; — bhdr, falconer ; peasant ; — 6 baizdra-t, pi. baydzir, big mace. y\jSi bi'zdn, bizdn, falcons, pi. of jW bdz, <^j^ bdziyy. )-jtA haizar, beater of a fuller ; cudgel, mace. ((j.^) has, I, INF. bais, hurt in a haughty manner ; — ba'is, a, INF. bu's, bu'us, ba's, bu'sa, bi'isa, be very needy, indigent ; — ba'us, INF. ba's, be courageous and brave in battle ; be very destitute ; — iv. inf. ib'ds, bring on calamity or a defeat ; in j ure ; — VI. INF. tabd'us, shovr one's poverty with self-humiliation ; — VIII. INF. ibti'ds, be sorrovc- ful, grieved at (s^ bi) ; com- plain. (j~2i bi'g, hard, severe ; — bi's-a, fie! — ba'is, violent, hard, severe; bold; indigent, destitute. (ji-j bix, i , aconite ; — bis, pi. abyiis, hule in the ground for a tree (in.). (y~rf), II. bayyas, inf. tahyix^^ bayyacj, render the face of a man shining and beautiful ; (m.) dig a hole in the ground to plant a tree ; — iv. inf. ibdsa-t, cause to spring forth. (yo-j) bais, bis, misfortune, ca- lamity ; difficulty. (,_iio) bad, I, inf. baid, surpass in whiteness; lay eggs; have an egg-like tumour on the fore- foot (horse) ; be very violent (heat) ; — lose its moisture (wood) ; remain, stay ; rain ; be entirely destroyed ; — (m.) INF. baydd, be white ; — li. INF. tabyid, whiten, white-wash ; bleach ; tin ; make a clean copy; fill, and, by opposition, empty; call forth fine hopes and fulfil them ; dazzle ; — iii. INF. mubdyada-t, vie and surpass in whiteness; — iv. inf. ibdda-t, give birth to white children ; — V. INF. tabayyud, be made a clean copy of ; — viii. inf. ibtiydd, put on the helmet ; destroy entirely, annihilate ; — IX. inf. ibyiddd, and xi. inf. ibyiddd, grow white ; observe good manners ; be generous. (ji*> baid, surpassing splendour; violent heat; tumour on the fore-foot of a horse ; eggs (coll.); — 6/V/, hens, pi. of tj^y^. bayud ; — pi. of (jo-i^ abyad, white ; beauties; — buyud, pi. of ^/u^ bd'id, oviparous, and u^^ bayud, hen ; — 4 baida-t, ]il. buyud, baidnf, coll. baid, egg ; testicle ; fluor albus ; small number of men ; place surrounded by tents ; middle, centre ; helmet ; head-ache ; beauty ; virgin ; <^.i.^^ w> baidat-u-'d-dik (egg of the cock), anything that cannot be got. U-j baidd', f. of ,j^\ abyad, pi. bid, white, shining ; the sun ; white paper ; wheat ; pearl-barley ; untrodden ground ; sally ; mis- ftirtune ; leathern bag ; pot ; snare ; name given to Aleppo and other cities ; U~J\ jlj\ al-i/ad-u-'l-baidii'-u, beneficence, merit, glory, power. yLio biddit, white men (in oppo- sition to t)\j^ siiddn, negroes). cArf 155 t>«» tsy=«* haidamyy, oval, elliptical ; native of Baidii'. ,_5-i»> haidiyy, whiteness, purity ; oval, elliptical; oval (s.), el- lipsis. j^ baitiir, pi. baydtira-t, veteri- nary surgeon ; blacksmith. ;!=«? haitar, hiyatr^^ji^ baitdr ; — biyatr, tailor ; — baitar, inf. ii , be a veterinary surgeon ; open veins or tumours ; — » baitara-i, profession of a veterinary sur- geon. (!=^) = (t^). ^ baiz, sperm ; ovum of an ant ; uterus, womb. y=*? baizar, clitoris. (d**) ^"') I; i^^- bai', mabi', sell (two ace. or (^ min, J li, with regard to the person) ; pass, be for sale ; sell, figuratively, in the sense of the English word ; — buy; — III. INF. mubdya'a-t, sell to ; do business or make a contract with another ; bet ; swear lealty, acknowledge as a sovereign ; do homage ; — iv. INF. ibd'a-t, exhibit or offer for sale ; — vi. inf. tabdyu', con- clude a sale or make a contract between each other ; — vii. inf. inbiyd', get sold, sell well ; — VIII. INF. ibtiyd', buy ; — x. inf. istibd'a-t, wish to sell ; wish to be sold (slave). ^ bai', pi. bityiV, sale, exchange ; merchandise ; acknowledgment and inauguration ; cheerfulness ; — bayyi', pi. biya'd', abyi'd', seller ; merchant ; buyer ; who offers more ; du. bayyi'dn, seller and buyer ; horse with a wide step ; — 6 bai'a-t, contract of sale ; commercial transaction ; acknowledgment, recognition ; oath of lealty ; —&i'a-i, pi. biya', Christian church ; synagogue ; buying and selling. (^4!) bdg, I, INF. baig, perish ; boil ; — II. INF. tabyig, devote one's self entirely to one thing, renouncing everything else ; pass, get confused, embarrassed ; — V. INF. tabayyug, get confused ; boil ; carry away (as passion) ; be in abundance. 59? baig, ebullition, t)^ biqdn, trumpets, &c., pi. of lij} bilq. (f«i) baiqar, inf. ii , live in a village or town while one's people are in the desert ; alight and stay in a place ; emigrate ; travel from land to land; go from Syria to Iraq ; step along proudly ; walk quickly with the head bent down ; raise the fore- foot (horse), be tired; perish; get spoiled ; be doubtful in a matter ; try to gather riches ; be rich ; — II. INF. tabaiqur, be in abundance ; have rich pastures, yi*} baiqar, weaver; — ii baiqara-t, abundance of household furni- ture ; INF. of (^«tri). j^ baiqur, cattle. >i^«i baik, prince (Turk. udj). )^ baikdr, pi. bajjdkir, bawdhir, pair of compasses (Pers. ^f. barJcdr) ; — combat (Pers. ;^Cj paiJcdr). y^ baikar, inf. ii , measure with compasses, t)^ — W? bailasdn, elder, lilac. <^ — Lrf bailasa-t, devilry. ftXii bailam, pi. baydlim, bud of cotton ; wool of the Egyptian papyrus ; pennant, streamer, banderol, ii*} bila-t, making water. yU«ijU~rf bimdristdn, hospital (Pers.). {1^} bdn, I, inf. bain, buydn, bainilna-t, be separate, distinct, far distant ; — INF. bain, bai- nima-t, separate (n.) ; depart ; divorce ; be joined to each other ; — INF. baun, be eminent, distinguish one's self ; i, inf. baydn, be distinct, appear dis- tinctly ; (m.) appear, seem ; — render clear, explain ; be elo- thrt 156 quent and persuasive ; — ii. inf. tabyin, separate (a.), distinguish; render clear, propound, explain, show ; bring ; be distinctly per- ceptible ; show the first leaves ; spring forth ; divorce ; give one's daughter in marriage ; allow some time to pass, tarry ; — III. INF. mubdyana-t, separate from another; intercede; — iv. INF. ibdna-t, sever, separate (a.) ; explain ; speak distinctly ; make known, publish ; be clear, evi- dent ; marry one's daughter; — V. iNP. tabayyun, be evident or easily understood ; become evi- dent ; render clear, reveal ; publish ; understand, appre- hend ; — VI. INF. tabdyun, sepa- rate from each other ; be clear, become evident ; — x. inf. isti- bdna-t=Y. ; find clear, under- stand ; acknowledge. (^ bain, separation ; interstice, interval ; difference, distinction ; absence ; desert ; relation, refer- ence, union; — bin, pi. buydn, horizon, reach of sight ; region ; boundaries ; rising of rugged ground ; — ■ bain-a, between, among ; baina-md, whilst; mean- while, iiji^j bainnna-t, separation, inf. of (4^) bah. A, INF. baih, notice, understand, apprehend. (j~fl«> baihas, lion; brave; — n. inf. tabaihus, walk along proudly. (;>9-; feai^oH, narcissus; dog-rose. S)9^ baihi'ij, scarecrow. u:jy-> buyiU, pi. of c:-^ bait, house ; — bayyiit, stale (bread); cold water ; night-work. uljV)^ buyntdt, many houses ; out- buildings ; household expenses ; inventory. j^ buyi'id, INF. of (-Vrf) ; j^ buyiiz, INF. of (j«j). ts^j^ buyurdu, i^-^j^ buyuruUu, imperial edict ; firman, passport (Turk.). y=^«? bayfid, pi. bid, buyud, hen who lays many eggs ; — buyud, pi. of i5-irf baida-t. gj*» 6»y»', commercial transactions, &c., pi. of c*> bai'. y^ bay Cm, deep and full; — buydn, horizons, &c., pi. of j^ bin ; INF. of (ij^). ei~«i buyait (>^wy buwaii), small house. iyA ba'ini-t, what lies in the treasury or storehouse. (j~*£? ba'is, bold; hard, severe. i-i~rf bvyaida-t, a sexagonal house, or one decorated with paintings. Js£> 6a '(7, small and weak. i£rf bi'a-i, site, state; habitation; hospitable reception. "" ^ as a numeral sign =400 ; — ta, particle of conjuration. ^ td, f . of \ J zd, this ; — that, in order that ; — td', name of the letter «w . >-r'^' ti'ibb, pi. atbdb, tall but weak ; sore on the back; — ' tdba-t, repentance. ^3^^ tdbdq, stick, k,-}^ fa'afefewfe, astonishment, v. (y\). ^s 157 6\s g}^ tdhi', plur. yj -un, taba', taha'a-t, tawdbi', follower ; de- pendent on a person or thing ; partisan ; fond of -women ; com- panion of Mohamet ; spiritus familiaris ; guardian, guard ; servant; adept; — ii tdbi'a-t, pi. tawdbi', female companion; con- sequence, succession ; — ^ tii- bi'iyy, i , pi. -ihi, -at, companion ; follower of Mahomet. J}^ tubal, tdbil, (m.) » tdbila-t, pi. tawdbil, herbs for seasoning; — ta'abbul, inf. v. of (J»^), q.v. ^). •^^' ta'bid, scaring away, &c., ii. jti^ ta'bir, fructification of the palm-tree, ii. ()>\). ^^ ta'bih, exhortation, &c., ii. ^■^' ta'ta', iNr. ii , have difiiculty in pronouncing the letter <; — INF. ta'tdt, ta'td', walk (as a child) ; walk along proudly. jUW tdtdr, Tartar, Scythian. >^V; ta'attub, inf. v. of (s-»^), q.v. &»^' ta'attuh, delirium, v. (^^). ^J\S ta'tiyy, inf. ii. of (^J^) ; — ta'atti, inf. v. of (J'^) ; deriva- tion, origin; — ii ta'tiya-t, making a way, inf. ii. of {tj\). s-*'^ taHib, INF. II. of (s-^^). ^^ ta'assus, furnishing, furniture, INP. V. of {^). yAj ta'asmr, following one's tracks ; INF. V. of (/\). J»A> ta'assid, being firmly rooted, &c., INF. T. of (J»^). »^ ta'sts, furnishing a house, ii. j«»^ ta'sir, impression, influence, ^^- (y^) ; — ta'dsir, beadles, &c., pi. of jyy tu'silr. '-os''^' tdsif, support, &c., II. (<-!^\). f^^ ta's'im, accusation, sin, ii. 6" ti^'J' pl- tijan, crown, diadem; comb ; mane ; at-tdj, lion. gi^^' ta'ajjuj, conflagration, v. (g^). y).\S tiijir, pi. tijdr, tujjdr, tajr, tujr, merchant ; wine-seller ; — f . s , clever, skilful ; looked for, sell- ing well. J>\S ta'ajjul, term, <%c., v. (J^^). S*^^ ia'_/y , inflammation, inflaming, /r«-^' ta'jir, baking bricks, ii. (fA). Je^^' ta'jil, fixing a term; delay, prolongation, respite, &c., ii. •^" ta'ahhud, isolation, l). ^5^^' ta'addi, inf. of v., ta'ddi, inf. of VI. (jJ^), q.v.; — 6 ia'diya-t, causing to arrive, sending, pay- ment, &C., II. (tS'^^)- Hr-5'i^ ta'dib, good education, polite- ness, cultivation ; chastisement ; pi. -at, admonitions. yJV> ta'azzun, publication, &c., v. (t,J^). " i\s 158 ^U" (^j^ ta'azzi, injury, insult, v. (jj j^ ta'zin, permission ; exhorta- tion ; call to prayer, ii. (e-il). (;^>) ta'ar, a, inf. te'j-, molest, plague, hinder; — iv. inf. it'(h; follow with the eyes; look sharply at ; beat. ;^ tar, pi. jSJ ti'ar, turn, time ; — fiirr, i , juicy ; fleshy ; weak from hunger ; far from home ; — ' tdra-t, pi. War, Idrdt, turn, time ; — tdrat-an, once ; tdrat-an tdrat-an, now . . . then, at one time ... at another. ui>\jii tdrdt, malice ; pi. of S,(j tdra-t, vv^ ta'arruh, raising difficulties, affectation, v. (vj^)- i^j^' ta'arrus, conflagration, being lit, V. (^/). S)^ ta'arruj, fragrance, scent, v. t)^ ta'arvuh, putting the date, v. jj^ tdriz, hard ; dry ; dead. (j-j^ idris, armed with a shield. ij')^ tdfii', light, flighty, fickle. i^jV; idris, stronglv-built (horse, &c.). '^j^ idril-, leaving, renouncing. <-r-»j^' iii'ri'b, fastening, making firm, &c., II. (vj^). <.i-jj\i' ta'ris, sowing discord, ii. j;ij^ ta'rih, pi. tawdrih, putting the date, date ; history, chronicle ; chronology, era ; end, extreme limit; ii. (Cj^) ; — tS to-'rihiyy, historian ; chronologist. u~>j^ ta'ris, agriculture ; taking in service, ii. (u-j^). y ta\jzzar, put on the j'ssi')-, v. jj\j ta'axzuz, boiling, agitation, v. (3^)- young, green, «j^ tdzah, fresh, tender (Pers.). <^j^ tdziyy, of Arabian origin ; sporting dog (Pers.) ; — ta'azzi, assembling, &c., v. (t^j^). _;i>j^ ta'zir, veiling, ii. (jj^)- (j~-" ta'assus, having a firm founda- tion, foundation, v. ((j-^). g-^ tdsi', f . ii , ninth. i_s-.V> ta'assuf, sighing, groaning, lamenting, &c., v. (i-a-.^). Uj-^ tdsn'd', the ninth day of the month Muharrani. («^-.V> tiisi'in, 6 , pi. tawdsini, sandal, shoe. ,_5-^ ta'assi, INF. V. ; ta'dgi, inf. VI. ; — S ta'siya-t, INF. II. of ((.y^ > r"^) ; consolation ; taking example. j*-^ ta'sir, tying ui>, il. (j-^) ; — ta'dsir, girth-leathers. (_r««-^' ta'sis, laying the foundation, foundation ; confirmation, the fundamental letter of a rhyme. '^-^^ te'()is'((&, dense growth, crowd, V. {'•^^\). y^^ ta'assun, washing with uindn, V. (^:^i.\). S-^^' ta'kid, consolidation ; confir- mation ; attestation ; perseve- rance ; emphasis ; security ; certainty ; enjoining ; — ta'dkid, pi. girth-leathers. <-i-^U- ta'kif, saddling, ii. i'-^^)- J«i^V> ta'kil, inviting to eat, &c., ii. JVi' tdl, i , shoots of the palm-tree ; — tdl-in, see ^J''^ tali ; — tdll, wandering. 'T-i'^ ta'lab, strong ; name of a tree. jJ\5 tdlid, inherited property ; home- bred cattle ; — ta'allud, getting confused, confusion, v. (•^^). oi!V> ta'alluf, INF. V. of {'-^\). (jSU' ta'aUuq, shining, &c., v. (^^). udSU tdlika, f. of u^\^ zdlika, that. *3U ta'allum, suffering pain, pain, grief ; irritation ; thirst for vengeance, viudictiveness, v. ii\i ta'alluh, adoration, v. ("SJ^) ; — jiaJ\ ii\j tnlihu-'l-'aql-i, mad. ^J\s tali, following, subsequent ; reader; the fourth horse in a race; — ta'alli, inf. v. of (i^^ = y\) ; — 6 tiUiya-t, pi. tawdli, extremity (foot, &c.) ; subsequent part. xjt> ta'dlid, pi. generations. .-oJt' ta'lif, pi. ta'U/dt, ta'dlif, lite- rary composition, wort, publica- tion, II. i^^)- JJVj ta'ld, sharpening into a point, ^«!\i' ta'lim, causing pain, ii. (^i). &J^ ta'lih, apotheosis, ii. (*J^). (l«\J) ta'am, be born as a twin ; — III. INF. mutd'ama-t, id. ; be a twin ; weave with a double warp; race again immediately after a race ; — iv. inf. it' dm, give birth to twins; (m.) be double-barrelled ; — viii. inf. itti'dm, kill a milch sheep. ft^ tdmm, whole, complete, per- fect. y^ idmir, rich in dates ; — ta'am- mur, mutual consultation, vi. (/•\) ; — (^ ia'muriyy, some- body. uiXrfV; idmik, hump of a camel; camel with a large hump. J^t" ta'ammul, pi. -dt, thought ; contemplation ; meditation ; re- flection, V. (J-1). fv*^ ta'ammum, considering as or taking for a mother, v. {f\) ; washing with sand, for ^»*-s» tayammum. jy»^' ta'mur, tdmur, somebody, any- body ; something, anything ; soul ; breath ; spirits of life ; blood; — tdmur, 5 tdmiira-t, heart ; wine ; water ; saffron ; monastic life ; monastery ; lion's den ; prime minister, vizier ; embryo ; puppet, doll; purse; box; jug; — (J ta'mi'iriyy, somebody. ^Vi' ta'amm.!, buying a female slave, V. (j_^\=y»\). ct»i/»W ta'in'd, defining the number or quantity of anything, ii. ■iir-'^ ta'mid, fix the end or term, II. (J^\). j~»^ ta'mir, raising to the dignity of a prince, II. (y*^) ; — ta'dmir, pi. of jff tiimiir, stone as road- sign in the desert. Ju.*^ ta'mil, hoping strongly, mak- ing hope, II. (J^l). («-^^ ta'mhn, causing to do, ordain- ing, II. (f\). (;j«.»t' ta'min, confiding, inspiring confidence, ii. (i:K^). yV» <((?i, thread ; — idiii, these two, f . du. of U zd ; — ta'ann-in, see ^^' ta'anni. y\j\j ta'ndn, finding pleasure with, II. (y^). t,u 160 J^^ tdmhtll, betel-leaf (Pers.). <^^^' ta'annus, emolliating, effemi- nacy, V. (i-i-J^). (j->^ ta'annus, becoming man (of Christ) ; humane or familiar treatment, v. (u*"*^)- •-oAj ta'annuf, aversion, disgust, v. v>'^ ta'annuq, carefulness, solici- tude, daintiness, v. (ip\). "^^ tcinika, tiinnil-a, those two, f. du. of U zu. 1^^ ta'animn, inf. v. of (y\) = yUU' ta'ndn. ^_5>^ tdni' , peasant, countryman ; — ta'anni (y^ ta'ann-iii), slowness, gentleness, considerateness, v. (i_s'^) ; — » ta'niya-t, the same, II. (^n). •T-^sJ^ ia'nib, expostulation, reproof, II. (s-il). 'i-*>^ ta'nis, give a feminine termi- nation ; feminine gender ; effemi- nacy, II. (*^-«>^). i^s'^ ta'nis, taming, accustoming, making familiar ; being friendly, II. (u~i^). ^-i^\j ta'nif, inp. ii. of ("-"J^). (^^ ta'nm, inf. ii. of (y\) = 0VjU ta'ndn. ^). (JifcVj) ta'ahhul, marriage, v. (Jj*^). ^V> ta'ahhum, inf. v. of ^ , q.v. /iJt^ ta'ahhuh, sighing, v. (ii\). jyi\j tdhur, cloud. ■-— iii^' ia'hib, getting ready, prepa- ration, II. (s-J*^). J.si»\j ta'lill, welcome ; considering worthy, ii. (J*^). "-j^Vj ta'awwuh, return ; coming at night-time, v. (v^^). h))^ tawuriyyat, theoi'y (m.). JjV; taawivul, explanation, v. (J^^). 8j^' iaawwuJi, sighing, sigh, v. ^j^' tdwi, falling, dying; — fn'awwi, v., ta'divt, VI. {ij}^), alighting, gathering together ; — tdwiyy, terminating in the letter ua ; — » ta'wiya-t, alighting, hospitable reception, ii. (-— J^' ta'ayyub, return, v. (s-^^ = joli' in'ij, crowned. jjW ta'ayyud, strengthening, se- curity, V. (•*5^)- y^ i(Vir, beginning afresh ear- nestly. (j~j^' ta'ayyus, despair, v. (er-J^)- ijf^j tii'iq, desirous, intent upon. uiiS\j tail', malicious fool. I*i'u ta'ayyum, widowhood, v. (^^). iS\s td'ih, haughty ; gone astray, lost ; (m.) dispersed. ^j^ ta'ayyi, slowness, v. ta'du'l, going straight towards, vi. {^jiS) . — td'iyy, terminating wdth the letter y^ . '-^^^j ta'yib, return, ii. (s-i^ = v>j^). •ijoVJ ta'yid, pi. -dt, assistance, help; support ; proof ; authorisation, II. {■^}). ij^^^ ia'yis, bringing to despair, &c., II. (lt-J^). *-i^ ta'yim, making a widow, il. (^-^)- («_-j) tabb, INF. tabb, tabdb, tabib, cut off ; destroy ; be always at loss ; — tubb, id. ; perish ; — ii. inf. tatbib, injure, ruin ; imprecate, wish ruin to anyone ; — iv. inf. itbdb, weaken ; abstain from {i^ 'an); — X. INF. istitbdb, be 161 r' be perfected, ; — » tihha-t, in good order, completed. -r^ tabb, S , loss, ruin distress. ^Wi' tabdbi'a-t, } pi. of j-J tubba', C«jW» iabdW, 3 q.v. Je»W tabilbil, liati'eds, i)l. of J-f» y>W» tabddd, hand to hand fight, VI. (-v). J>iW' tabdxhil, exchange, inter- change ; permutation, trans- position ; reciprocity, vi. (J-i;)- J«jWj tdbddkl, pi. dispersed (birds). jWj' toil?)', ruin, destruction. Cij^' tabdri/j, pi. passionate de- sires. i3JjM tabdriq, pi. anything mode- rately spiced or seasoned. i^jtsWi' tabdti, slowness, vi. (jW). £^ tibd', succession of things, continuation ; inf. hi. of (jti) ; pi. of j,KJ' tabV, q.v. ; — gWi' ^i~»3^ tubbd'u-'l-'aslcar-i, military train ; — S tabd'a-t, punishment ; INF. of ^ tabi', q.v. ; — tibd'a-t, consequence ; bad end ; — h ta- bd'iyya-t, obedience; dependence; retainership. JWf tdbbdl, -who spices, seasons. yV^ tabbdn, seller of straw ; (m.) straw magazine ; — tubbdn, pi. tabdbin, short trowsers of a sailor ; — S tabdna-t, sagacity, INF. of ((:)-!J'). ^W» tabdwu', INF. VI. of (f), q.v. yj^fj tabdyun, difference ; contra- diction ; contrast ; incommen- surability ; departure, vi. (y■!—»' tabab, ruin, perdition, death. (s-^) tabtab, inf. s , grow old. J^ tabattul, celibacy, v. (J^)- (ki-»^j), INF. tabs, grieve, sorrow. g7^^' tabajbuj, swelling, tumour. g^' tabajjuj, great rejoicing. uyS^^ tabjildt, pi. of J*^!-!J' tabjil, II. of ( J=F.), ceremonies, compli- ments, applause. jjo^ tabadi-uq, dissipation (m.). J^ tabaddul, inf. v. of (J-^) ; holiday-clothes ; pi. iabadduldt, changes of persons ; permuta- tions. 5!>it' tabd!', INF. II. of (g-M) ; pi. tabddi', unheard-of things, any- thing extraordinary. Ji>iiJ' tabdil, INF. II. of (J>^) ; pi. -dt, transposition ; substitution ; compensation ; pi. changes in ministry ; tabdil-an, in a dis- guised manner, with dissimula- tion. li,x^ tabdiya-t, receiving as a no- vice, II. 0-^). _j\Joj tibzdr, talker, babbler ; — i> tihzdra-t, spendthrift. (^) tabar, i, inf. tabr, break into pieces ; destroy ; annihilate ; — tabir, a, inf. tabar, perish ; sepa- rate (n.) ; — II. INF. tathir, break into pieces ; annihilate ; — iv. Itbdr, abstain from ((^ 'an). j^ tabr, destruction (a.); tabr, tabar, ruin ; — tibr, pi. tubiir, gold or silver from the mine ; fragments of metal, glass, &c. ; » tibra-t, lump of gold, &c. cs)\;ij tabriik, kneeling, inf. ii. of ^\yt> tabar'ul, rufiling of the fea- thers. fj^ tabarduh, smoothness ; polish ; good breeding, culture (m.). gj tabarruq, adorning one's self. osJj-j tabarruk, pi. -dt, blessing; good omen ; abundance, wealth ; relics ; gifts, presents, leavings of the great ; honours, dignities ; — ^5 tabarrukiyy, compliment ^;*j tabarru', (^;-y tabarri, justifica- tion, absolution (pass.). j^j-j tabrih, pi. tabdrih, vexation, grief, 21 p' 162 ^ jjj-y tahrh, inf. ii. of (jy), q.v. ; town Tebris ; — tihriz, table (Pers.). *^j-(j tabri'a-t, absolution ; setting II. (}ji) ; — tibriya-t, free ; cure, dandrifi. ^iy^ tahazzuq, spitting. iJ>f> tihzila-t, tibzilla-t, dwarfish. ^yf> tabzig, bleeding, venesection. !=->-j tabassut, vast extent ; roaming, wandering about. ,*— ij' tabassuni, smile. {ji~t^'> tabasbus, joyfulness, glad- ness. (ji"M tabasms, friendliness. ;--*-j' tabs'ir, II. (x^), pi. tab(1sir, good news ; preaching of the Gospel ; Angelus in the Mass ; announcement ; first light of the morning. (ja.!-<^' tabasbus, flatteries. iya^ iabsira-t, what renders pru- dent ; a caution. &*-»»» tabsiya-t, castration. jjkj tabatniq, graceful walk. i3=-j tabti'a-t, delay. (^') tabi', A, INF. taba', tibiV, tabd'a-t, follow, join a person, obey, serve ; follow a doctrine ; — II. tatbl', seek or strive for zealously ; cause one to follow another ; — iii. inf. tibd', cause one thing to succeed another immediately; inf. tibd', midd- ba'a-t, make equally firm and strong in every part ; render fat ; pursue with zeal and gain a solid knowledge of ; write books continually ; follow a person's tracks ; follow and emulate ; — iv. inf. itbd\ follow and overtake ; cause one to follow and overtake another ; send after; cause to succeed, give in addition ; — v. inf. tatabbu', seek or strive for zealously ; follow up the de- velopment of a thing ; dwell upon; — VI. INF. tatdbii', happen repeatedly, do repeatedly or in quick succession ; arrive one after another; succeed to each other ; — viii. inf. ittibd', follow ; reach ; seek zealously ; pursue ; — X. INF. istitbd', ask or wish one to follow ; lead. ^ taba', pi. athd', successor, com- panion ; emulator, disciple ; in- tent on a thing ; (m.) belonging to, property ; foot of a quadru- ped ; pi. of C>V; tdbi', follower, &c. ; INF. of (^) ; — tabi', emu- lator ; intent on ; — tib', suitor ; lover ; — tubba', pi. tabdbi'a-t, title of the Himyarite kings ; Aldabaran (star) ; i^l. tabdbi', mother bee; — txibba', tubbu', shadow ; — « tabi'a-t, conse- quence ; punishment ; 1 'ad end ; continual effort. .i*)j tdba"tid, removal. oj**" taha'zuq, dissipation. ,_5«-> tdba'iyy, dependent ; — i taba- 'iyya-t, dependence ; imitation ; — tab'iyya-t, consequence, suc- cession ; dependence ; retainer- ship. ^ tabg, tobacco. ;^.^j tabagmr, confusion. g.^' tabagniij, coquettishness, amo- rous allurements. ,_sS-.' tabaqqi (A^a-J tabqiya-t), pre- servation, II. ; tabaqqi, remain- ing, remaining alive, v. of (o^). Vi-j tabhd', tibkd', violent weeping. c:~>^ taMit, reproach, reproof ; remorse ; qualms of conscience. i-^' tabhiya-t, causing to weep, weeping, lamenting, inf. ii. of (J- 163 ^*^ tabliga-t, pi. tabdlig, rope for pulling a water-wheel. ^J^ tablU, paving, ii. (tJb) ; (m.) altar-stone. (^ tabin, intelligent ; penetrating, sagacious ; — tabn, taban, see (t)^) ; — tibn, pi. atbdn, tubiln, straw ; generous lord ; a large dish. (e)^') taban, i, inf. iafcra, feed the cattle with straw ; sell straw ; — tabin, a, inf. taban, tabdna-t, be penetrating, sagacious, intelli- gent ; — II. id. ; bring the straw into the barn ; — viii. inf. ittibdn, put on the short trowsers titbhdn ; — » tlbna-t, stalk of straw; — h tabniya-f, solid building ; adoption, ii. (^). JW tabahliil, laughing. (ft^) tabd, V, INF. tabw, invade and make booty. f)^ tahatvwu', taking possession of ; inhabiting, v. (y). ^ft> tabbfib, place of perdition ; desert ; — tabawwiib, taking for a door-keeper, v. (vy). uy^ tabfd, bier ; chest. Jj^ tabaurud, taking fresh air (m.). t^> iaba"ut, lying on the side. s-ijj+» tabwir, leaving land fallow. (j~S^' tahivis, kissing. i3>^ tabwiq, a blast of the trumpet. hf!^ tabwiya-t, inf. ii. of (y), q.v. yW> tabydn, tibydn, explanation ; comment ; exjjounding ; mani- festation, INF. of {ij^). •-r^ tabib, damage, loss, ruin. iiyr^j tubaizila-t, little dwarf. ^t«-» tabaifur, being shod, cure of a horse, &c. ga-iJ tabi', » , follower ; tabi'a-t, suit ; pi. tibd', tabd'i', calf fol- lowing its mother; companion, helper ; debtor ; who searches, strives zealously. }i»^ tabayyu', ,_5«j tabayyi, inten- tion, purpose. j^> tatdr, Tartar. ij^ tatdli, uninterrupted succes- sion, VI. (^j). gj.^ tatabbu', zealous study. y» taiar, Tartar ; — ^ tatra, one after the other ; — latariyy, foot- soldier (m.). 5*«-» tata'tti', hesitating, stammer- ing ; (m.) idle talk. Ji^ tatfal, tiifil, tutful, pi. tatdjU, fox ; whelp of a fox. tj^ tatalM, INF. V. » tatliya-t, ii. of (^), following ; dunning, pressing for payment. eU.sj tutmdj, vermicelli. ^*^ tatimma-t, pi. -d,t, supplement, appendix, integration. y-s» iutim, tobacco (m.). j'j tatw, tassel of a cap. &fifS tatwiba-t, repentance. s-~?.y^ tatwib, calling to repentance. l^«a^' tashin, rudeness. ■i^jis tasrid, inf. ii. of (J/), breaking bread, &c. ; slight rain. JiS tasal, an aroma. vA^Juij tadk, INF. II. of {^■i-^) ; trinity. j-J^' taslij, being icy cold ; icy cold. it~~i> tasniya-t, inf. ii. of d^') ; dual ; g^yiS-S^ &^ tasniyatu'l- ixtird'-i, Deuteronomy. >-»yS' tasa"ub, yawning, v. (v^). h)^ taswiya-t, detaining, hospitable reception; death; ii. (i^y). (_jij' tasy, wild date. vt>W tijdb, silver obtained at the first melting of the ore. jUj tiijjdr, merchants, pi. of y^^ tdjir ; — » tijdra-f, commerce ; traffic. ^rJjW tajdrib, experiments, trials, pi. of &!/p tajriba-t. ^5J^j' tajdrt, commerce, intercourse ; VI. (<4;^) ; — tujjdriyy, commer- cial, mercantile. JUj^j' tajdrtd, detached troops ; military expeditions. f^}'^ tajdzi, pressing demand. JV tajdll, exalting one's self, vi. 164 .^ u*^^' tajdlus, sitting, session. •^^^' tajdlid, person ; figure, shape. oW tajunn, (^^J' tajdnun, vi. (y^^-) madness. 'W tajdh, tijdh, tujdh, opposite, in front of, vis a vis. •^^W» tajdivid, rain. }i)^ tajdwiz, pi. of jljaJ tajicilz. <-k}^ tajdwif, holes, cavities, pi. of •-Mj'sS tajwif. vWaj* tijbdh, vein of silver. jW^ tajbd.r, haughtiness. ^Wa5» tajhiya-t, bow, obeisance. <_Aj.Jas» iajdif, T^l.tajddif, blasphemy. ;jia»S tajzir, extraction of a root ; eradication. (»8'ia»» tajzim, amputation. (;^) tajar, v, inf. tajr, tijdra-i, carry on commerce, traffic ; — III. INF. mutdjava-t, iv. inf. itjdr, VIII. INF. ittijdr, id. ;V tujur, merchants, pi. of fs-'^ tdjir. i^y^ tajriba-t, pi. tajdrib, fa/drib, trial, essay, experiment ; exjseri- ence. »>;«!» tajarriid, inf. v. of (^^j^), q.v. ; (m.) impartiality. J^^' tajrid, inf. ii. of (J;^), q.v. ; ascetic life ; pi. tajdrid, military expeditions ; sending of a de- tachment ; — s tajrida-i, detach- ment. f>i]^ tajr tin, fine, mulct. &f;j?s» tajri'a-t, o^/^ 'fy'''''. encou- raging, II. (}fi-} ;— 4yaJ' tajfii/a-i, inf. II. of (<^/5-), q.v. .)*J tajazzii', being satisfied, v. '(V)- ^5ja»> tajazzi, trijiUa-t, respect, esteem, reve- rence. J.;^- tajaUl, V. (^^), pi. -dt, reve- lation ; apparition ; transfigu- ration ; epiphany; splendour; — V. ( J^), preference, pre-emi- nence ; — 6 tajliya-t, polishing, making smooth ; revealing ; ex- plaining, II. (^), (o^). J*aJ' fajammnl, v. of J*=s- jaiiial, q.v.; pomp; pi. tajammuldt, ornaments, pieces of furniture, articles of luxury. ^♦♦ssj' tajammum, v. (^) ; (m.) full measure. jjj^' fajanzur, concatination (m.) (j~«~&'> fajnis, INF. II. of (lt-^) > alliteration ; play on words ; figure of speech. u^j^aj' tajnil-, heat of battle (m.). (ij^j) tiijah, A, originating from ia^j^ iltajaJi, VIII. of iajwdh, INF. of (v'y^), q.v. j\^jsj' tijw'iz, pi. tajdidz, a striped garment. J\^^' iajivd], INF. II. of (J^), roaming about in distant parts. j^asJ tajawiniz, inf. of jys- ; vulg. for S)y tazawu-uj, marriage. gjaJi ffy'rt »•('_'(/', starving one's self; abstaining from food. ^^^ iajirid, doing or speaking right ; SAYift running of a horse, ir(jj«V tajayyu.s, great excitement ; CSV 166 cjW assembling of the troops under their colours. >-««^ tajayyuf, putrefaction. >-^e**' ta.j'i'f, frightening, ii. of (cjW.) ; — putrefaction, ii. (i_a-^). ■tjW tahnbb, s-iW tahnhub, mutual love, VI. (s-^). ^W' tahilsi, shunning, being on one's guard against ((^ tow). yW tahdluz, dialogue. (JW tahdlim,\A.oi **laj tahlama-t; — tahdhim, Yi. of (^). tsW iahdnn, strong emotion, vio- lent desire. (_5iW» tahdni, leaning against. j^VaJ tahdwur, dialogue. ij^jW tahdwus, ensnaring, sur- rounding with nets. Jj^W tahdivtl, alternately fertile and .sterile years. oi^W tahd'if, presents ; jewellery. *,-«.«»» tahabbub, showing love ; granulating, v. C*^-^). (^-•aj tahabbus, being imprisoned ; detention. ^«*a6J' tahbir, inf. ii. of (7!^) ; elegant style. (j~*t«s» tahbis, imprisonment; de- tention ; reservation, proviso. liXjiW tahbtk, II. («i^), q.v. ; (m.) indentation ; twisting, plaiting. A,MJ!=» takbiya-t, defence, protection. (o-Ni&i) taht, the lower part ; under, below ; — hence : tahat, sit down at the lower end, occupy a low place ; — tvhut, pi. the lower classes. i_3>Uss> tahtdniyy, inferior ; low ; marked with dots beneath (letter) ; lowly placed. (jJU&i) tahtah, inf. ii, move, stir (with a noise) ; — 11. inf. tatah- tu^, id. &«,»«!> tahtaha-t, noise in moving. *-;&» tahattum, benevolence, v. j_j:^' talftiyy, low, inferior. e-.>.x«5>' tahtis, weakness. -\yW tahsh, spurring on, urging. tahajjuj, pretext, subterfuge, excuse. ^5=j' tahajjum, great avarice. lij-iaj tahaddiis, inf. v. of (vi^Jio.) ; conversation ; recent event ; result. l«^aaV tahaddum, rage ; boiling. Ji&j tahazztd, compassion. v^^aj taharrus, {J'-^ja:? ta/iarhus, challenge. >•*;«=» taharmiiz, inf. ii. of )'»^ harinaz ; illegitimate birth. )>ya? tahrir, inf. ii. {f-) ; devoting one's self to God ; yJk«li^ ^_;t:; tahrir iqlidas, Euclid's elements pi. tahrirdt, letter, note, notice jjI, documents, despatches. wi>j«sJ tahrif, INF. II. of (<-*;=^) ; permutation of letters ; ana- gram. ^.>;«&> tahrim, inf. ii. of (ff^) ; donning the dress of pilgri- mage ; — tahrhniyy, unlawful. SJJ&;' tahazzub, 11. v'}=» ; party ; confederation ; set of persons. jjjaJ tahazzn, tahshi, II. (c:)™^') ; pi. tahd- svH, good action, benefit ; ap- proval. i:t-isiss» tahsiya-t, trimming the edge of a garment ; marginal notes. J-assJ' tahassul, v. (J-«=>-) ; produce. (^-oaj tahassun, v. (y°=-) ! chastity. j^jiL-oas* tahiSilddr, tax-gatherer. ^^■s object for a present ; master- piece. *J^' iahfdya-t, resjiectful treat- ment, INF. (,ji=^). iiiaJ' tahaffuz, v. (liis-) ; (m.) quaran- tine. J4«s» tahaffwl, V. (Ji=^) ; numerous assembly. ^jiaJ' tahaffi, V. (i_s«=^) ; humanity, humane ^jroceedings. JAaJ tahaqqnd, grudge, inveterate hatred. ^3«Ra»» tahqiq, ii. (i3«-) ; pi. tahqiqdt, certain truths ; — ^ tahqiqiyy, certain ; affirmative. (•^aj tahakkum, v. {f^) ; usurpa- tion, disposal. JaJ' tahill, redeeming one's oath ; — S tahilla-t, permission, dispen- sation ; absolution ; redeeming of an oath. oi&j' iahJ'iq, shaving. J-W tahlil, INF. II. of (J^) ; cure ; — 4 tahJUa-i, permission ; dispen- sation ; absolution. ((•«>>) taham, V, inf. tahm, weave a variegated or striped garment ; — ■ IX. ithamni, inf. ithimam, be black ; — i tahama-t, yellow- striped stuffs ; — tahimma-f, dresses which a divorced wife receives; — tuhma-f, deep black colour. JU«J' fihimmdl, bearing, suffering. ^^ykaJ tahammi, abstinence; pro- tecting one's self ; — ii tahmiya-t, make to glow. >iU!&> tahndz, roasting by means of stones. «-Ai*j' tahannwf, profession of the true faith. ysaj' tahannu', being coloured with hannah, v. (y^). ^te> tahanni, v. (,_jis.=yc.), bent; inclination ; — tahni', t tahni'a-t, colouring with henna, ii. (\-'=-) ; — tahniya-t, bending, ii. (^y«^ cu^' tuhi'd, pi. the lower classes, t^jfcj' taMt, dry year ; — tahawwnt ; V. (I»j«-), vigilance. Jj«j' tahawwul, v. (J^) ; cunning; power ; removal. tJjaJ tahawwun, meanness, lowness; ruin. Ji^ tahwil, II. (J^); pl-_ -f'^ transformation ; revolution ; transport ; cheque. u:.-;aJ tvhfiif, rather low, dim. of ks-^aj taht. SsjaJ' tuhit, tahit, tihit, dry year. JtsBJ tahayyul, cunning, stratagem; power. y«aJ tahin, space of time; — ta- hayyiin, v. (t>*=^) ; expectation ; arrival. ^i«sj' iahiyya-t, pi. -at, iahdyd, wel- come, salutation ; congratulation, II. (o-)- ^ ^ i^ytrt;^ tahyin, fixing a term ; death. (^) tahh, u, INF. tuhnha-t, get sour ; — IV. INF. ithdh, leaven the dough well. £J' tahh, sesame-oil ; leavened dough. s-JjWj tahdrih, pi. of v>;i;aj' tahrnb and <-:-S!7=y tahrib. ^j^ tahdriin, pi. of ^^*^ tafirim. >-fl>jW fahdvif, pi. of <-05^aJ' tahwif. ki~jij tahabhiis, filth, dirt. ,_3<*j tahdbhi, being concealed, con- cealment ; — i tahbiya-t, pitching a tent ; — tahbi'a-t, concealment. »i-*j taht, i , pi. tuhi'd, seat, bench ; sofa ; throne ; saddle ; bed, couch ; cloth-press ; y\jy o-«j taht rau-dn, litter, sedan-chair (Pers.) ; — S tahta-t, sheet of metal ; board on which a corpse is washed. 6Wj tahtdh, ^UUaj tahtdhdniyy, stammerer ; foreigner. g*sj' tahtaj, pi. tahdtij, board, plank; table (Pers.) (^:*&'), "S^aJ^ tahtaha-t, unarticu- lated sound. i*AsJ' tahtima-t, dissimulation. ;iay tahassur, getting thick ; curd- ling. •W taha:, yathaz, take, for Aa^\ ittahaz, viii. of {^\). ;*» 167 e-*-" wasp- nor pi. -n, laces : tr'»;ay taharbus, scribbling, scrawl- ing. (^;ay tahris, i, ta/irisa-t, jutting part of a dress or shirt. >T>y^' tahrabub, a superior kind of camel. Vj^asJ' tuhrub, pi. tahdrib, nest. jj;^' tuhrur, neither strong stout. •T-«J;*J' tahrib, pi. tahdrib, devasta- tion, injury. (jajj&i' tahris ^^ijsjcsJi tahris. t*ij^ tahr'nn, ii. ((•j^) ; tahdrim, embroidery ; chased work. (.r~^' tuhas, dol^jhin. jji.i-i^ tahashux, rustling. ^^-i^ tahsiya-t, frightening. i*«y tahissa-t, specification, particu- lar distinction (a.). (ja«=^' tahasstis, peculiar quality ; distinction ; v. ((j°^)- ijfl«-«y tahsis, II. (ijai) ; pi. -dt, special funds. &«!=&» tahtiya-f, seduction ; accusa- tion. ijAsy tahafft, hiding one's self ; — » tahfiya-t, concealing. i_il-naj tahfif, INF. II. of (>-^) ; dropping of the taMid. Jiisj' tahalhul, clattering ; waver- ing ; want of firmness ; adorn- ing one's self with an ankle- ring. woltei' tahalluf, INF. V. of <-ali- ; difference. ^jl^' tihli, tahW, world ; food and drink ; — 6 tahliya-t, leaving empty ; leaving alone ; abandon- ing. ((»&») tahain, i, inf. tahm, confine, limit ; — tahim, A, suffer from indigestion ; — iii. inf. mutd- hama-t, adjoin, border upon ; — IV. INF. ithdm, suffer from* indigestion, have a stomach- ache. ,»ay tahm, indigestion ; — tahm, tuhm, pi. tuhum, tulinm, boun- dary, boundary-stone ; — tu- hama-t, pi. .dt, tuham, indiges- tion. t^*^ tahmiii, supposition, esti- mation, conjecture ; — tahmhiiyy, approximate, conjectural. >3)f^ tahaaruq, getting impaled (m.). 4-^^' tuhitma-t, pi. tuham, tuhum, boundary ; district ; — tuhum, desirable condition, prosperous state. ■-Aj^^ tahwif, INF. II. of ("-J^) ; pi. tahdwlf, terrible phantom ; scarecrow. 'r-sjy tahayi/tib, fraud, deceit, deception. '-4»i&' tahayyuf, variegation, various shades of colour (i-oji-). J«sj' tahayyul, inf. v. of ( Js*-) ; pi. -dt, conception ; imagination, fancy ; supposition. uLwssJ tahyiliyy, imaginary. _;4}W taddbir, pi. of ^Ju fadhtr. Ji\jiy taddhvJ, INF. VI. of {t^"^) ; arrears. g;\>ij' taddrij, pi. of sj-^' tadruj^^Sj^ tazruj. usJj^Jj' taddrulc, inf. vi. of ('Js'jJ) ; atonement ; remedy ; legal remedy ; pi. -dt, preparations, provisions. ScUj tadd'a-t, repose, rest, ease. ^\^S taddmir, pi. of ^■i» . ^\ju taddni, neighbourhood ; mutual approach, vi. (yJ). j_s&\aj taddhi, cunning, craft ; skill, VI. (yj). c»)j\jij taddiimli, throng of battle. jjW taddwir, pi. of y.^^' fadvir. g-ijj tadbij, adornment. ^Jj tadbir, pi. -dt, taddbir, order; arrangement ; administration ; government ; politics, policy ; consideration ; opinion, ii. (yj). i'*»jj tadbiya-t, profession, trade, ii. (^ij) ; — tadbia-t, concealment, II. (V}J). Jj,,.^ tadjU, pitching; gilding; lie. sSI 168 V ^j-ij' tuclrd, I , tiulrn-t, might, power, strength. *;>^ tudrih, protection. 'j-^ tadlrra-f, abundant flow of milk. E)-^' tadrnj=sj^ fc.?i'"J- •^j-^ tadr/k, inf. ii. ('^jJ) ; (m.) foresight ; prudence. ^^■^' tud'a-t, easy life. (JsJ-^' tadqiq, exactness, precision, subtilty ; pounding to powder, II. (JO). (jJ-iJ tadallvq, inundation. ^••ij' fadmiir, Palmyra; — tadammur, discontent ; murmuring, grum- bling ; ruin, V. (/•'>) ; — tS '*<^- iiniriyy, a small field-mouse; unworthy ; mean ; somebody, anybody. ^"'•i' fadtniya-t, wounding so as to cause the blood to flow, ii. i_5»'ij tadann'i, ajiproach, y. {f'^). ^^^' tadniq, INF. II. (iJJJ) ; (m.) freezing to death. j^^ tadahwnr, ruin; overthrow. ii;^>^' tadunra-t, round sand-hill. ^jjj' tcidivir, INF. II. (jjJ) ; circle ; circumference ; epicycle ; — i tadwlra-f, small turban. gj\i; tazi'irij, pi. of Ej-^' tazrvj. ^^ tazilldr, pi. of iji^ tci;kira-t ; — tazi'ikur, INF. VI. of (j^j). wj.ju.ii' tazdbzuh, palpitation ; agita- tion ; doubt ; uncertainty. gjij' tazriij, pi. fazdi-ij, tazruja-t, pheasant (Pers.). jVJjj tazh'tr, remembrance; mention; keepsake ; present. )ijj tazahkiir, remembrance ; con- ference, conversation ; private night-study ; — ' tazkira-t, pi. taziUiir, remembrance ; keep- sake ; memorandum, memoir ; note ; testimonial ; receipt ; passport ; — fazkara-f, id. ; bio- graphy. w>yjij' taziii'ih, ripening on the stalk (date). j-jjuf tazyiJ, INF. II. of ( Ji J) ; ap- pendix, supplenient ; adding a quiescent letter to a vcdad majmii' at the end of a foot. (j>) tan; u, inf. tan; tiirCn; appear and be cut out (bone) ; be cut off ; remove, depart ; cut off ; resound ; — inf. tarr, tirrin; tarih-a-t, be full in flesh and bones ; — iv. inf. ifrar, ampu- tate ; remove (a.), send away ; throw away ; fling ; make re- sound. y tarr, good stepper (horse) ; — tart; root, origin; plummet; — ' tira-t, INF. of (fi), hatred, &c. ; — tiirva-t, handsome ; deli- cate and coquettish. v'V ttiri'ih, i>l.afi-tba-f, tirhdii, earth, ground, dust ; — S , turdba-t, clod of earth ; — ^_s tardbiyy, earthly, earthy, earthen. jf^y tari'itnr, sweetmeat made of nuts. f\f tardtir, jil. calamities. }i'\y tardtir, pi. handsome but stupid girls. J*5y tardtil, pi. of J-sy tartll. >^\f turds, inheritance {•^j}). ^=-V" tardjim, pi. of oWy tarjamdn and i*^y tarjama-t ; — tardjum, INF. V. of ^j , throwing stones at each other. Js=-^/ tardjil, parsley. C^f tardh, beaver. i^f tardra-t, being juicy, full of sap or marrow, "^j^ tardrih, pi. of Ajsy turralia-t. j\y turdz, dying suddenly, y-y tirds, shields, pi. of ^y furs ; — /cr)-i-r?s, shield-bearer; — tara"us, INF. V. of (u-^j) ; — tardss, inp. Ti. of ((J-)) ; — ii tirdsa-t, making shields. J^\y tardx, razor; J^^y ^ qalatn tardis, pen-knife. gV tan-d', filling the basin or chunnul ; door-keeper. v-M^V tardgif, loaves, &c., pi. of <-4-i) ragif. V 169 t-jy tara'uf, benevolence ; kind- ness. (ji^ taraqi, collar-bones, pi. of ijif tarquwa-t ; loftiness, inf. vi. of (Jij). isJy tardk, leave it alone ! do not interfere ! Iti\f tardkum, condensation ; ac- cumulation ; increasing ; — ii tard,- hhna-i, Turcomans, pi. of a^f turlmniln. '-r^i\f ta/rdMb, pi. of s-««^ tarhib. (yV) tcirdmiz, strong and tine camel ; full grown. er-V tar d mis, pi. silver-beads. (jOj\y tardwud, drill, exercise. ^)\f tardwih, the twenty-two genu- flections after the last prayer of Ramadan. •-r^\j> tard'ib, ribs, &c., pi. of &*jy tariba-t. ijj\j> tard'iq, collar-bones, pi. of «yy tarquwa-t. u^Uj tard'iJc, helmets, &c., pi. of «^/ tartlca-t, q.v. (k_jj>) tarib, A, INF. tarab, abound in earth, ground, dust (place) ; cling to the ground or dust ; be covered with earth or dust ; — INF. tarab, niatrab, be hopeless, desperate, despair ; be poor, miserable ; — inf. tarh, cover with earth or dust; — ii. inf. tatrib, id. ; cling to the ground ; be rich, and, by opposition, poor; turn into dust, decay, putrify ; grow dust-coloured ; — III. INF. mutdraba-t, be of the same age ; become familiar with ; be a comrade ; — iv. inf. itrdb, cover or pelt with earth or dust ; be rich, poor ; possess a female slave who had already three masters before ; — v. inf. tatarrub, be covered with earth or dust. vy tarb, turb, earth, ground, dust ; — tirb, f. pi. atrdb, of the same age, companion, friend ; — tarib, earthy ; poor ; — » tarba-t, weak- ness ; — turba-t, pi. turab, earth. ground, dust ; tomb ; tomb- stone or memorial to the dead ; cemetery ; — tariba-t, pi. -dt, finger-top ; raising dust (wind) ; — taribba-t, education ; rearing, INF. II. of (v>j). ^f iarbd', turabd', earth; ground. (j*^>y tirbdd, saffron in bloom. yViy Urban, pi. of s^ly tnrdb. ij^f turbatiyy, earthy ; referring to the tomb. •i>y tirbid, turbid, laxative, uuyy tarabut, docile (camel). (_s>y tarabbi, education, rearing ; making conserves, inf. v. of gftjy tarbi% inf. ii. of (j'j) ; right angle ; — (^ tarbi'iyy, quadratic square ; «_4U&/« cu tarbi'iyy muh- talif, trajoezium. ^3-J/ tarbiq, inf. ii. (i3>j) ; — tirbiq, rope for tying up sheep. ^y tarbiya-t, education ; rearing of plants or animals ; pupil, foster- child, ward ; emendation, ex- postulation ; good manners ; progress ; increase ; composition, II. (yj). _)Uy iartdr, whirljjool ; abyss. s-jy turtab, everlastingness ; bad slave ; — turtab, t^irtub, firm ; well-managed ; earth, dust ; — turtub-an, altogether ; — farattnb, INF. V. of (s-jj) ; getting into shape ; appearing ; resulting. i-tif taiiubba-t, trodden path. iff) tartar, inf. 6 , move, shake (a.) ; talk much ; (m.) chatter ; — II. be shaken, tremble ; — i tartara-t, shaking; motion ; talk- ativeness ; languidness ; dulness of speech. ^y> turtam, turtum, lasting. A>/ turta-t, stammering. jyy turtur, turtle-dove ; tax- gatherer ; body-guardsman ; pi. tardttr, handsome but stupid girls. ^.-.^y tarfib, inf. ii. of (^^j) ; method, plan, system ; precept, prescription ; layer, row. 22 ^y 170 u*/ JsS/ tartil, INP. II. of ( J>j) ; pi. tan'dil, chant, chorale ; anthem. ^f tartiya-i, (m.) restoration, emendation, ii. (yj). ey toro;', u, inf. terj, be veiled and hidden ; — tarij, a, inf. toraj, be in the dark about a difficult matter; — S turiijja-t, citron, lemon. C^y iarajjuh, shaking, swinging, rocking, v. (g^;). ((♦^y) tarjam, inf. S, translate from one languat;e into another ; — 4 tarjama-t, tarjitinn-i, pi. taril- jim, translation. yUi-y tarjaiUiin, tarjtimii/i, tinjn- mnn, pi. fai-i'ijim, {m.)tari'ijima-i, iorajamin, interpreter, trans- lator. tj^y tarajji, hoping, inf. v. (j_j?-j — y^-j) ; — ' tarjiya-t, hope ; de- sire. fr«-y tarjih, inf. ii. (j^j) ; pre- ference ; overweight. d^y_ tarjl', inf. II. (e^^j) ; repe- tition; burden (of a song); echo; compensation. J«=5-y ^cny'/?, INF. II. (J=-;) ; white spot on the hind foot of a horse ; shadow. (jy) tarih, a, inf. tanih, be sad; descend; — ii. inf. tatrih, grieve; IV. iNP. itrdh, id. ; — v. inf. tatarrnh, be grieved. s-'^=-y tarh'ih, welcome. JV=.y iirhU, departure; travelling. Ji=-y tarhil, inf. ii. ( J^j) ; patiunee. (jy) tarah, a, inf. /(n7/, make slight incisions in the skin ; scarify. tf tar/i, scarification ; cupping. ^y turham, iurhiut), i , tarhama-t, tarhuma-t, man, individual. ^^y tarhiija-t, softening, loosening ; relaxation ; yielding. j\jy tanJiid, INP. II. of (J;). wjjy tcn-addiih, inf. v. of (s-»^_)) ; gracefulness ; affection. jjy taraddiiil, inf. v. of (J;) ; hesi- tation, irresolution ; refusal ; conversation ; correspondence ; effort ; endeavour ; emendation ; progress. jjoy fardid, INF. II. of (''j); discord; disjunction. <-i!Jy tardif, escort. (;/) tc(>-az, I, INF. tarz ; — tariz, A, INF. taraz, be hard, dry, arid ; wither ; die ; be hungry ; throw on the ground ; — tariz, a, inf. fara-, freeze; — iv. inf. itraz, render hard and dry ; knead hard. jy tarz, hunger ; colic (of cattle) ; epilepsy ; — taraz, freezing ; hunger. (wf) tirrs, pi. 6, tirasa-f, atrds, tirds, turus, shield ; hard piece of ground; — hence: ii. tarras, INF. tarsis, cover one's self with a shield, arm with a shield ; — V. INF. tatarriis, cover one's self with a shield ; — 6 tirsa-t, tor- toise. iiV-y tarsdna-t, and — diV^-y tarshd/ia-t, arsenal (Pers.). i_3-y tursiyy, shield-like, of the shape of a shield. I*<^f tarsini, inf. ii. of (j*—;) ; cal- ligra]iby ; painting ; drawing ; printing upon. (^y) taris, a, inf. taras, be flighty, of a bad disposition, miserly. yiy tars, taras, lightness, levity ; bad disposition ; avarice. U.y tirsd\ rope to draw a bucket. ^Uiy tarsi'f-', sprinkling, ii. {^j). ijAy tarsi ya-t, bribing, ii. (^j). i'J'f) tarns, INF. tardfa-t, be strong, firm ; — II. INF. tartis, tare, cor- rect the weight ; — iv. id. ; make strong and firm. i_py tarif, », strong. ■i-oy taraff/id, observing; expecting- ; hoping, V. (>^-=)). ya--=y tarfif, INF. II. of (^j) ; tin- ning; glazing; soldering. yi^y fardid, INF. II. of ((jij ;) (m.) push ; bruise, contusion. M/ tardiya-t, satisfaction, render- tf 171 >di ing content ; apology, depreca- tion, II. (j^jij). (£/) tara', a, inf. tar', keep off, keep at a distance ; — tari', a, INF. tero.', be prone to evil ; cheerfully and confidently en- gage in a business ; be full ; — II. INP. tatri', lock ; — iv. inf. itnV, fill; — V. INF. tatarru', be prone to evil towards (v hi) anybody ; — viii. inf. ittird', get full. gy tara', full ; — tari', full ; prone to evil ; — S tur'a-t, pi. tura', door ; terraced garden ; step, degree ; open place ; apparition, vision ; mouth of a well ; spring ; basin of a fountain ; tank, reser- voir ; fall of a river. s->^/ tar'db, frightening, threaten- ing, ir. ("-r-C)) ; 2 , tir'dha-t, timo- rous. (_jcy tir'iyy, i , tar'iyya-t, tir'iyya-t, tur'iyya-t and tar'iya-t, tir'iya-t, tur'iya-t, who takes good care of camels, tends them well ; — tara" I, inf. v. of (o^j). ii^f tir'iha-t, slice of a camel's hump. ilcy targalla-t, turtle-dove (m.). >T-*V to-rgib, ii. inf. of (s-«j) ; temptation. (i-Sy) tarif, a, inf. taraf, live in abundance ; — ii. inf. tatrif, effeminating, seduce into wan- tonness, render overbearing ; — IV. INF. itrdf, id. ; afford ease and comfort ; persist in wanton- ness or arrogance ; — v. inf. tatarruf, live in affluence ; — x. istitrdf, be wanton, overbearing, unjust. ^f taraf, effeminacy ; delicacy ; softness ; ease ; — tarif, thin ; commodious, easy-going ; ef- feminate ; — » turfa-t, ease, comfort ; dainty ; anything beautiful or rare as a present. (j-^y turfds, poisonous mushroom. J*/ tarafful, » tarfala-t, strutting along, walking in jerks (from old age). J*iy tarfil, addition of a sabah hafif to a watad majmiV at the end of a foot. i»i/ tarfiya-t, ii. (,^j), 4£»y tarfVa-t, i_5si/ tarfV , II. (Uj), congratulation to a newly-married couple. (3«i/ tarfiq, inf. ii. of (i3»j) ; (m.) assistance, aid, subsidy. SUy tarqdt, injury to the collar- bone. Syiy tarquwa-t, turquwa-t, pi. tardqi, tard'iq, collar-bone. tjif taraqqi, inf. v. (^j) ; pi. taraqqiydt, progress ; increase ; advancement ; — » tarqiya-t, progress, ii. (Jij). i^y tarqhn, inf. ii. of (^j), vocali- sation ; furnishing with a list of prices ; embroidering ; dashes to fill up, asterisks. (liSy) tarak, xs, inf. tark, tirkdiit leave, abandon, desist, neglect ; do, put, arrange ; — tarik, a, inf. tarak, marry a deserted woman ; — III. INF. tirdk, mutdraka-t, leave one alone, at rest ; leave a business to another; accord a truce, grant an amnesty ; — vi. INF. tatdruk, let a business drop between one another ; — vi. inf. intirdk, be abandoned ; be left behind (inheritance) ; — viii. INF. ittirdk, abandon, leave. oi)y tark, abandoning, leaving ; doing, putting ; — turk, Turk, Tartar ; rude or brutal fellow ; — ii tarka-t, thick-set, stubby (woman) ; pi. tark, iron helmet ; — tirka-t, tarika-t, anything left behind, legacy, inheritance. (^\.if tirkdn, inf. of {'^f)- yUSy turkmdn, pL tardkima-t, Turcoman. ^Jf turkiyy, Turk ; f . » , Turkish ; pi. turkiyydt, anything Turkish. ^f tarkib, inf. ii. (s-^) ; com- position ; mechanism ; the human body ; musical note ; — ^£ tarki- J/ 172 43/ hiyy, compound ; skilful, inge- nious. ^f tarlik, -— jy tiryab, tarih, earth, ground ; — 6 tariba-t, pi. tanl'ib, the four upj)er ribs ; ribs ; chest, breast, bosom ; place above the collar- bone ; neck ; hands ; feet ; eyes. gi>y tarij, violent (wind) ; strongly- built and sinewy. ij^y tarts, strong; well-poised balance ; twisted, plaited. 5!/ tai-f, cheery for work, light- minded ; — tai-ayyji', v. (jjj), assembly. <-Ajy tar if, commodious, easy-going; effeminate. ud^y tarll; empty stalks of a grape; — 6 tarika-t, pi. tard'il;''tar!l-, helmet ; abandoned ; left pro- perty without an heir ; stagna- ting water after a flood. «jy 173 ^/ tai-hn, resigned to the will of God ; dirtied ; sinful. esiy taryih, setting at rest, tran- quillising, quieting (m.). ^«»/ tar'iija-i, beautiful look; hy- pocrisy ; II. {^^) ; — taryi'a-t, INF. II. of (Vj). •>i\y tazdyud, increase, vi. (-ijj). 'ijiy tazhira-t, own hand-writing, autograph ; tazbira-t and ;-rfy tazMr, iNP. II. of (;^3). f-y tazahhir, colic ; travail ; labour of child-birth. J=>y tazahhul, Jf/ tazahivul, being set in motion, sliding, slipping. <-j/5.y tazahruf, false ornaments, trumpery. ^y taz'im, inf. ii. of (/^^j) ; claim. s-s*y tazqih, twitter of birds. i^y tazaJcJc?, sanctification ; alms- giving, v. (/j);— 6 tazUya-t, sanctifying, consecrating ; justi- fication ; character ; giving and also receiving alms, ii. (j^j). fti^y tazlctm, cold, rheum, ii. (^). J)Jy tazalzul, inf. ii. of (Jj3j) ; earthquake. (3*!y tazliq, shaving, anointing, ii. u>^y tazanimut, gravity, steadiness; authority. jt^y tazmir, inf. ii. of (y*j) ; psalm, ^j^jy tazanduq, Parseeism. yiy tazantur, }ay tazantur, inf. ii. of (fi^ , /ij) ; anger, rage ; caprice, g^jiy tazwdj, pairing, coupling, copulation. ^S^^y tazidiyy, red-striped garment. ^_5?y tazayyi, costume, dress, garb. jr)»y tazyih, inf. ii. of (j^j) ; pro- cession. ^Lj tasdbug, ornament of the neck-part of a helmet. ^L-> tasdhih, pi. of tasdfud, copulation, sexual intercourse. &iV~J id sd full, INF. VI. of ("!*-.) ; levity ; foolishness. JU-i' iasdl, J^iwj- taa'dl, question, request. ^L-i' fasdmu', hearing, listening. (_5/»Uj' tasdm'i, emulation, vi. (^*-). .xjUj tasdniid, inf. vi. of (>"— ) mutual help. j_5^\~j' tasdwi, INF. VI. of {^Jy-) equality, similarity ; indiifer ence ; neutrality ; levelness level (s.). '-^S^tasdyuf, fight with the sword, fencing. s-'^-^J'' tasaVbiib, inf. vi. of (s->->) ; retail trade. ^-— J tasbig, tasbug, i , tasbiga-t, pi. tasdbig-^ 4?^—' tasdbug. '-r-~^ri~> tasbih, INF. II. of (<-r— ) ; motive, reason ; reproach ; curse. f^«-~j'' tasbih, INF. II. of (f^i— ) ; praise of G-od ; hymn ; rosary ; purity ; — s tasbiha-t, pi. tasdbih, song, hymn, j**--' tasbig, adding a quiescent letter to a sabab hafif at the end of a foot. (3*< — > tasbig, inf. ii. of (i^i—) ; stake at a race. jy-~i' tustilq, bad money, dipped in a solution of silver. ^Uas—j' tasjiya-t, shrouding of a corpse, II. (^*!~'). 5»a!— i tasji', rhythmical and rhymed prose. ;te~» tasahhur, inf. v. (;*«•) ; early departure. yVi,«vj tashdn, pi. tasdhin, greaves ; boots ; hood. ^a-~j' tashar, jest, irony; — inf. v. of O*-*) ; compelled service ; socage. Bsx^ iasdiya-t, weaving, weavina the warp, ii. ((j-^). (_^jiwj' tasdh, INF. II. of ((j-A..) ; hexagon. jj^ tasarrur, concubinage, v. (j-.). 174, Uj g;-j' tasarru', haste, hurry, v. (tr-)- ii}~^ tasarriiq, inf. v. of (oj-") ; systematic robbery, system of rapine. i;— >' tasirra-t, cheering uj^, glad- dening. ^^ tasarn, inf. v. of (tSr") ' concubinage. y~— J tiistis, people of low extrac- tion. (g„i'), f. tis\ m. A«~-i' tia'a-t, nine ; . — hence: tasa', a, i, inf. fas', take the ninth part ; — come as the ninth to a company of eight; — IF. INF. tatst', III. mutdsa'a-i, id. ; — IV. INF. itsn', complete the number of nine ; become nine of them ; take the ninth part of people's property. J— > tus', pi. atsil', ninth j)art ; — iwsa', the 7th, 8th, and 9th night of a month ; — tasa', for ittasa', VIII. of (^j). y^«-»> tis'un, (m.) (^^s*— » Us' in, ninety ; ninetieth. i_att-j' tasaqquf, inf. v. of (t-oa-) ; consecration of a bishop. i«fl— j' tasqiya-t, giving to drink, watering ; saying iii\ csJVs-. saqu-ka 'I-liVi-n, may God quench thy thirst. y^C-i' taskiii, INF. II. of (i:)^) ; being without a vowel. jJu-j' tasalliifi, skinning, casting off the skin. J-J— >• tasalsul, INF. II. of ( J-X.) ; concatenation ; degrees of rela- tionship ; advancement by de- grees. SaL-i' tasalhit, inf. v. of (^) ; usurpation ; arbitrariness ; op- pression. l^-~> taslam, thou art alive and in good health (i.e., the person whom you inquire after is dead); indeed ! certainly ! — tasallum, INF. V. of ((J^). ■- ^ . ■ . !>■"''' taslif, INF. II. of (<-*l-) ; payment in advance ; borrowing; breakfast. tasUm, INF. II. of (^) ; salu- tation ; salvation, rescue ; pre- servation ; delivery, surrender ; transmission ; resignation ; con- sent ; well-being, safety, peace. &-L~j tasliya-t, consolation ; tran- quillisation. 4**~> tasml'a-t, making to be heard. (;).«™J tasainmun, growing fat. tasammi, inf. v. of (^♦— ) ; denomination ; — ii tasmiya-t, giving a name ; denomination ; II. of the same. ■■r* — » tasnitt, INF. II. (c:.~»-.) ; or- thodoxy, professing the true faith. tasinit, INF. II. of (^i**-) ; receipt, acquittance. ji-* — > tasm!', INF. II. of (j*-) ; speech. ^~j tasahhur, waking, keeping awake. J-9~-' tashil, iNP. II. of ( Ja-) ; marking with hamza-t. li)^— J tasaiowuk, cleaning the teeth with a toothpick. &^y~j tasnma-i, sandal. jo^ tasirid, INF. II. of (J^) ; rough copy; dung. ^j-^ taswJg, INF. II. of {ty~') ; pl. -at, magnificent present to a sovereign. iji,y~S tasin'q, cattle-driving. Ja^ taswil, pl. -at, adornment ; deceit; fiction, ii. (J^). (HSy^) taswi'a-i, o^ fastci', re- proach, II. (y). j\yls fasijiir, walk ; journey ; mes- sage ; e'xpedition. "■T-i! — ' tasayyuh, neglect. jt—^ tasayyitr, conduct of life. 5«->j tasi', ninth part. jrs«— • tasyih, weaving. csJjUu tasdru.lc, iNP. vi. of {'^y^) ; partnership. ^Uj fasdmii/i, inf. vi. of (g-u») ; haughtiness. y\-iJ tasdnu', mutal hatred. \AS 175 u- j«&Uo tas'dhtr, pi. of yti^ tasMr. gj^-fcS fasilyu', INF. V. of (5*a) ; professing the Shi'ite faith ; partnership. Ls--!-Aj' fasabbut='.i--t^ tasabbuSji^F. V. of (*i.-.A.). tasbir, INF. II. of (;<-*') ; pi. tasdbir, gesticulation, gesture. tasbih, INF. II. of (uilij-s.) ; net-work ; complication ; (m.) rheumatism in a horse's legs. 6~i ^t .i tasbih, INF. II. of (<5-.^) ; pi. -at, comparison ; allegory ; meta- phor ; similitude ; anthropo- morphism. ,_5~i>» tasatii, V. i«i^ tastiya-t, ii. of if^), passing the winter ; hibernation. gjj!-^' tasajjw\ INF. V. of (c^) ; bravado. (j-ftj), IV. INF. itsith, pelt, shoot at (ace.) with (s-" bi); — & tusha-t, boldness in defending one's right ; covetousness ; anger ; perversitj- ; cowardice. (ja*^^' tasMs, INF. II. of (u=a!^) ; individualisation ; diagnosis ; taxation ; census. jkjjiAj tasdid, INF. II. of (-i^) ; violent pressure ; hardness, severity ; the sign _ and its application. w>JlAj' tasazzub, breaking into splin- ters, shivering to pieces. i_j^^' tasrah, drinking ; draught. ^ySu ta.-*;*<) ; His Grace (title) ; pi. -ut, tasdrif, honours, distinctions, ceremonies, robe of honour. j_jaj\ibj-ij' tasrifdtji, i_^^}^ tasr'i- fdtiyy, master of ceremonies. Grand Chamberlain. (Aj-Ajf tahin, October (J^\ uw tasrtn awwal) and November {^J^ uy tuhtn sdm). hj~> tasriya-t, drying (fruit, &c.) in the air. '-r-x^ tam"ub, INF. V. of (s-^«i«) ; ramification ; separation ; death. d>^i*J^ tas'is, suppression of one of the movable letters of a watad majniiV. *ft*^' tasgiya-t, gonorrhoea. &so-ij tasfiya-t, advantage ; growth. J«ii-ij' taxqi', INF. II. of (jaa) ; pi. tasdqi', iusult, abuse. Ji-sj' tasahhul, inf. v. of (J^) ; beauty ; appearance ; represen- tation in painting, &c. isX^XSlJ tasklk, INF. II. of (cdi.) ; offence, scandal ; doubt ; sus- picion. J«<^' taslcU, INF. II. of (J^) ; difficulty ; comjjlication ; — S , tin- liila-t, (m.) many-coloured nose- gay- y--*Ai' tasmts, INF. II. of ((j-^*^) ; worship of the sun. gj-i" tamnnvj, inf. v. of (^~^) ; spasm. (;jj-ij' taianrmn, inf. v. of (y^) ; shrinking, shrivelling, getting wrinkled. g.;.iAj tasnij, cramp in the throat ; stiff neck, ii. (g-^). Lfj^i^ tasiiU, roasting, broiling. j\iAj tashdq, sigh ; whine. jigAj tasahhud, profession of the Mohametan faith. i_jg-4o tasaliM, passionate desire, II. (^^)- jyi3 tasawwud (^})-^ tasainvu:), culmination of the sun. jijj.ij' taswid (-iij-ij' ia.hvt:'), id. 6.iyi^ taswiya-t, roasting, broiling. j^^ tasayyu', inf. v. of (^=') ; profession of Shi'isni. ^j>\m tasdbi, childishness, v. (j*-"). t_ij\-=> tasddvf, unexpected occur- rence, sudden emergency ; acci- dent, chance. ^jUj tafddi', pi. of J?.-^' tctfdi'. ^.loj tasdrif, iijUa titfdrifa-t, sove- reign commands. u 176 '-Jij\^ iasdrif, pi. of i-^.ya tasrif. i_jUj tasilff, array in battle order. ^ji'^ tasdfl, acting sincerely to- wards each other, vi. (y^). •-~jSUu tasillth, images of the cross. •-At'^' tasihi/f, pi. of ■-".'.'■■M tafniif. J^US' taadwul, fierce attack, vi. (jj-).; _jjjUij tasdwh; pi. of _;i^ taswir. p«-« tasbih, INF. II. of (j-!-«) ; morning draught ; breakfast. ;«^ tashir, INF. II. of (/^^) ; ballast. f*a-a tash^h, inf. ii. of (^) ; cor- rection ; verification ; liquidation ; legalisation. j_5A«M tasadi, setting to work, &c., V. (^^). ^>i-a» tasdir, inf. ii. of (>■*-=) ; is- suing, publishing. ^A^' tafd!', INF. II. of (gJ->) ; pi. tcifddi', head-ache; confusion. ^.■^■a tasdiq, INF. II. of (j-^) ; receiving alms; — ^^ tasdiqiijy, confirming. wJj-aS tasarrvf, inf. v. of («.Jj«) ; control ; influence ; skill ; art ; domestic expenditure ; coition ; pi. -at, possessions ; behaviour ; relations; expenses; — i^ tasar- rufiyy, household expenditure. i_fljj^' tafi-if, INF. II. of (^70) ; pi. tasarif, inflection, declension, conjugation ; etymology. jU-ai' tas'dq, fainting-fit. J'x^ ta$a"nd, inf. v. of (•^^»*>) ; evaporation, sublimation (n.). jjX/oV tfisa'rur, globular form. usiH*^ titfa'Iid-, poverty. Ji««-sS fa>:'!d, INF. II. of (•^*") ; melting ; distillation, sublima- tion (a.). ^-A-ai' tdfij^r, INF. II. of (/k^) ; diminvitive. i.~!La tasfiya-t, purification ; clear- ing ; straining the wine. ysH-^ tasqir, inf. ii. of (yi-=) ; hunt- ing with the falcon. ■—1^ taftilhih, inf. v. of (s-^) ; hardness ; inflexibility. (jlai' tafcilliiq, labour *) ; representation by image, &c. ; portrait ; picture ; conception, idea, imagination ; — (^ tasaw- iriiriyy, imaginary. »_*^«ai' tamwwuf, inf. v. of (i-»^) ; obscure mystical speech ; mysti- cism ; Sufiism ; contemplation ; gibberish. s-o^' tasiv'ih, approval. o-o^-=>' fas 11: it, exclamation, resound- ing, echo. )if'' tafwh; inf. ii. of Q^) ; pi. tafdivir, representation, _->/^) ; excitement, agitation. — ^^' tadd'if, pi. of <_a4*-i) tad'if. <-*^-a> taddff, throng, vi. (<-o-6). ^U> iaddmum, accumulation. ^as-i' tadahduh, modulation. iyia iadirra-t, iadurra-t, need, want. f-=j tud\ tudit, INF. of (j^j), give birth, produce, &c. '- ft; l'-V> tiid-if, pi. tadd'if, INF. II. of (i_a»i); reduplication; chemical adulteration ; lining clothes. Ji^' tadldl, misleading, seduction, II. (S^). JU- tiidaira, tnduim, false. y-»-5> tadammun, inf. v. of (y-*-^) ; contents; security, bail ; tenure as a farmer ; — (_s tadammioiiyy, elliptical ; understood (thouo-ht not expressed). 17? s*' '^**'=»' tadmid, dressing of a wound ; bandage, ligature. (:>«♦-» tadinin, inf. ii. of (y*^) ; inclosure; elliptical speech; pi. -at, damages, compensation ; farming out. hyi' tadwiya-t, lighting up, illu- mination. e**^' iadijl', INF. II. of (5~i) ; loss, ruin. >-4ijUa tatdrif, pi. finger-tops. J;^!=» tatdwul, INF. VI. of (J^t) ; robbery, plunder, oppression. (J^ia tatbiq, INF. II. of (ijft) ; trying whether two things fit each other, as a seal and its impression, &c. ^^' tatriya-t, freshening up ; re- freshing. J*^ tataffid, parasitism. is&s taffi'a-t, extinguishing (a.). ;6^' tatahhur, inf. v. of (ji^) ; sancti- fication. (y=>) tat a, V, INF. tatw, wrong a person, injure, tyrannise. i_»\^' tatwuf, titwdf, garment worn during the procession round the Ka'aba. f^' tatawwu', supererogatory work, good action of free will. jy=» titwal, long rope, chain ; — tatawwul, INF. V. of (J^'=;. >—^^ tatwib, pi. -at, beatification ; beatitude. Jjy=> tatwil, INF. II. of (Jjt) ; pro- lixity. JlSiJ tazallul, seeking the shade, v. g» ta', for JUi' ta'dla, let him be praised ! ^ ta", V, INF. ta", 'i ta"a-t, be weak, languid ; vomit. ff\*j ta'dti', idle talk. 't->*^^' ta'djib, wonders, marvels. j_gjU> ta'ddi, INF. VI. of {^■^) ; rugged places. JjU> ta'druf, mutual acquain- tance ;^ rule ; manner, method, Ti. (J/). ^Uj ta'dsa-t, ruin, perdition. ^t->«AUj ta'd^ih, herbs, shrubs. o*^' ta'dfi, recovery. s-^^' ta'dqub, inf. vi. of (s-«=) ; pursuit ; overtaking ; punish- ment. •^^' ta'dqud, confederacy, alliance. JUs ' ta'dJUn, pi. of ^s'*' ta'lhii. J^^' ta'dmul, management of busi- ness. iJi'V*' ta'dniq, pi. of Jj-**' ta'niiq. •i>^^«V ta'dwi:, pi. of ■i?.j«> ta'wh. •iiiUv ta'dhud, inf. vi. of (•^3'') ; pi. -af, agreement ; alliance ; con- spiracy. (>T->«J'') ta'i'fe. A, INF. ta'ab, be tired, fatigued ; toil ; lose one's la- bour ; — IV. INF. it'db, give trouble ; tire, vex, torment ; have overworked beasts ; fill ; break again a bone which had been healed. -r^«j'' ta'ab, tiredness, fatigue ; vex- ation ; hard work, toil ; — ta'ab, ta'ib, tired. (jW«i' ta'bdn, tired. ;«j" ta'bir, inf. ii. of {jt^) ; ex- planation, interpretation ; deno- mination ; expression ; word. (jxxj) ta'ta', inf. S , stick (in the sand, &c.); get entangled, con- fused (in speech) ; shake (a.), push ; disquiet, confound ; (m.) talk idly, chatter ; — 11. inf. tata'tu', get confused (in speech). ^*S ta'ta', pi. ta'dti', stammered words ; foolish or idle talk ; confusion. jti*j ta'sir, inf. ii. of (/c) ; misery. ijV^' ti'jdba-t, worker of miracles. >_J;i?Ju ta'ajruf, haste, precipita- tion. ^^«> ta'jiz, INF. II. of ( j^) ; im- portunity, molestation. 23 178 >" j\ji«j ta'ddd, counting, reckoning, calculating. J.^«j' ta'addud, equipment. ^A«> ta'addi, inf. v. of (^^c) ; trans- gression, excess ; — ) to'ar, A, INF. ta'r, cry out, call. ^ ta'ar, battle-cry. S/^ ia'arruj, declination, devia- tion. y=;«' ta'arrud, inf. v. of {i^}^) ; meddling ; arbitrary inter- ference, v^;* ta'rlh, INF. II. of (s-y^) ; speaking pure Arabic. (j4i;«i' ta'rid, INF. II. of (u";*^) ! blame, reproach, i-ijyu ta'rif, inf. ii. of (■-*/=) ; pi- -lit, ta'drif, instruction; descrip- tion ; tariff ; definition ; asser- tion ; guessing ; <.jjj*:J\ ^f harfu-'l-ta'rif, definite article ; — (^ ta'7-ifiyy, remarkable ; worthy of notice. Sj^ ta':uiva-t, patience. ^Jy*J ta'azzi, inf. v. of ()j^, i^)*^) ; condoling ; — s ta'ziya-t, conso- lation ; mourning for the dead ; letter of condolence ; mimic representation of the death of Hasan and Husain. (y»,«j') ta'as, ta'is, a, inf. ta's, ta'as, perish; fall on one's face; ruin, cause to perish ; stumble and fall ; be dismissed, deposed ; be far ; — iv. inf. H'ds, ruin, cause to perish ; make miser- able. ^J'M ta's, fall, ruin, overthrow ; misfortune, calamity ; — fa'is, perishing ; unhappy, miserable ; — 6 ta'sa-t, stumbling, falling. wi~ai' ta'assuf, tyranny, oppres- sion ; pervert the meaning of a word. ta'asxinn, INF. V. of ((•-^J^) ; (m.) hope ; interestedness, avidity. . , ^Jiju ta'assi, taking an evening s meal ; supper, v. ( y^) ; ' fa'siya-t, invitation to supper. yi-iM ta'sir, INF. II. of Ijr^) ; division by ten ; decimating. {^JBJu) ta'is, A, INF. ta'as, feel pain in the sinews of the foot from walking. w.-o« ta'assuh, inf. v. of (^r~=^) ; partiality ; bigotry ; fanaticism ; (m.) plot ; conspiracy. (jyuu ta'asrun, afternoon luncheon (m.)- ■ . ,. . . i~i«i' ta'diya-t, separation, division. -nlau ta'attuf, INF. V. of {>-i^) ; affection ; sympathy ; tender- ness, fondness. J=» ta'atti, INF. V. of (•^} ; de- mand for a present. J-lao' ta'fil, INF. II. of (J^) ; loss, damage ; (m.) interest (for a loan). I>^ tn'azzum, inf. v. of false pomp. *-!=«» ia'z'im, inf. ii. of pomp, magnificence. yA«j' ta'affun, inf. v. of stench; putrefaction. yJaS ta'fir, INF. II. of (/e) ; (m.) gleaning. ^t«a*> ta'fiya-i, effacing, blotting out, extinguishing, &c., inf. ii. of (yu=). >-r»a«J ta'aqqiih, inf. v. of (s->6^) ; considering the issue or con- sequences ; punishment. Ja«> ta'aqqid, undei'standing ; fore- sight, prudence ; device, con- trivance. ^^-ifi»^ ta'qib, INF. II. of (s-^) ; delay. Juii«s ta'qUI, INP. II. of (>^c) ; diffi- culty ; obscurity. ( J«i') ta'al, heat in the throat ; — s fa'illa-t, what draws off attention ; subterfuge, pretext. L.S*j ti'hima-t, great scholar; gene- alogist. 0^' ta'alhiq, inf. v. of (ijl*) ; (r^); (r^); {^)\ >" 179 dependence ; attachment ; rela- tionship ; property ; (landed) estate ; dependants ; appurte- nance ; — S ta'alluqa-t, id. Jl" ta'allul, INF. V. of ( Jc) ; delay ; excuse ; subterfuge ; pre- text. ^*1« ti'lima-t=&^'iM ti'ldma-t. \3<^ ta'liq, INF. II. of (tjic) ; Persian handwriting or cha- racter;— S ta'Uqa.t, pi. ta'dliq, marginal note, gloss; (m.) burn- ing tinder ; necklace. J*«i' ta'mid, INF. II. of (Ji*^) ; (m.) baptism. ] ta'mir, inf. ii. of (;*^) ; emendation, restoration ; civi- lisation ; prosperity of the country. I*!.-**' ta'mim, inf. ii. of (^) ; generalisation. "S**«» ta'miya-t, blinding ; blind- ness ; darkness ; obscure mean- ing- u>JM> ta'annut, criticism ; fault- finding ; making difficulties, v. (c^.«). of;-^ tu'nuq, pi. ta'ihiiq, level ground, field. <-At!-^' ta'nif, INF. II. of ('-^•^ ; importunity, molestation ; re- buke. (J'***'' ta'nin, inf. ii. of ((^) ; title, superscription ; impotence ; bridling a horse ; — 6 ta'nina-t, impotence. /^' ta'aukur, turbidness ; dis- quietude. •ii^' ia'wtz, INF. II. of (jy^) ; ta'wiz and i ta'wiza-t, talis- man. J>^" ta'wil, INF. II. of (J^e) ; cry for help; wailing; resolution; reliance. (ij*') ta'd, INF. ta'y, jump, run. t.r~s«j' ta'is, unhappy, miserable ; perishing. t>fl*' ta'ayyun, inf. v. of (1^-9=) ; pi. -at, essential qualities ; fixed salary ; office ; recruiting, levy. '^***' ta'yib, inf. ii. of (s-*^) ; blame, reproach ; putting to shame, exposure. y^«*i ta'yin, inf. ii. of (y-**) ; pi. -nt, fixed daily salary, ration. & 4* i'ig fill' sound produced by laughing. {ji^ tagabun, mutual deceit, fraud (tiJl |«jj yaumu-'t-tagdbun-i. Day of Judgment) ; irritability ; v. (cj^).^ j«i' tagdrr, violently bleeding (adj.); — ii, foaming and run- ning straight onward (camel). •ijj^' tagdrtd, pi. of ^.f^ tagrid. ^jUi' tagdriz, pi. oi /jis tagriz. jUi' tagazz, quarrel, vi. ()*=). ^^' tagddi, inattention; neglect, VI. (^). j_j!U> tagdli, inf. vi. of (y^) ; dear- ness, scarcity, dearth. 'T'i^ tagdyuh, absence. (s-^') tagih, a, inf. tagab, perish ; — IV. INF. itgdb, ruin. -,-Ju tagab, ruin ; want, dearth, famine ; vice ; — tagb, infamy, vice ; — * tagibba-t, false testi- mony. (^j:Aj) tagtag, inf. » , deliver a speech in a confused and indis- tinct manner. i^JJu tagaddi, meal, breakfast, v. ^^jdo tagazzt, taking food ; meal, V. (^^). (ykv) togffltr, A, fa.^ir, A, inf. tagardn, boil ; — INF. tiujilr, pour down ; make water (dog) ; burst and let out water or any fluid ; spirt ; fall abundantly (rain) ; /»" 180 /^ — VII. INF. intiydr, rain heavily (cloud) ; — i tagirra-t, risk of life, staking one's life. t)\;*» tagardn, boiling (adj.) ; inf. of (/.-). (4;«» tugra, imperial signature (Pers.) ; — s tagriya-t, inf. ii. of ())^) ; adhesion. I*>]*S tagrim, inf. ii. of (cj^) ', enforced payment ; fine, mulct. (j~«> tags, small cloud. *«A*» tagsiya-t, inf. ii. of (j-^^) ; whipping. ^fiiS tagdild, sweet kind of dates. ^9^ tagtiya-t, covering, veiling, v. s-A*i' tagallub, inf. v. of (s-J^) ; victory ; superiority ; oppres- sion. (j-l*! tagallus, misfortune ; evil ; calamity. J»l» taglil, inf. ii. of ( Jc) ; (m.) gagging. (^), IV. INF. itgdm, suffer from indigestion. yoU*J tagmdd, falling asleep. ;j^i«*» tagtntd, inf. ii. of ((j***^) ; indulgence. ;yu ^ i^ tuffdh mdliiyy, orange ; ^j>. ui> tuffdh harriyy, medlar;— Aj tuffdhiyya-t, apple sauce ; fruiterer. gjjUJ tafdr'ij, pi. openings, inter- stices. ^^jjVfii- tafdriq, pi. of <3i/' te/rij- ^-.U' tafdslr, pi. of ;«--*' te/sir. J^UiJ- tafdsil, pi. of J«-" to/s??. JiW tafddid, INF. VI. of (J-*) ; superiority; surplus; remainder; — O tafdduliyy, see ^5-^ ' tafdwut, INF. VI. of i^f); also tafdivlt, tafdivat, interval of space or time ; difference, dis- crepancy ; want ; blame ; ab- sence. JjUj tafd'ul, omen, vi. (J^). i_ilUj tafd'if, pi. dirt, offal, parings, trifles. k_*Usu taftdf, pi. -ihi, tafdttf, blabber, tell-tale ; go-between. fji> taftav=^'^ daftar, book, &c. (_3~i.^' taftisiyy, investigator, ex- aminer. (lisfij) fafis. A, INF. tafas, trim the nails, hair, beard (for the sake of the pilgrimage to Mecca) ; clean one's self. >^-~A» tafas, dirt and parings of the pilgrims to Mecca ; squalor ; — tafis, having one's hair and beard neglected. (/S) _ tafr, o^yii' tafrdn, dirty ; — ■ tafar, bud; — iv. inf. itfdr, id. ; — i tifra-t, tufra-t, tafira-t, tn- fara-t, dimple between the nose and upper lip. i^\jio tifrdja-t, coward. ^3^^ taffdq, separation. W;^ tifrijd', coward. ^yu tifrija-t, pi. tafdrij, interval, interstice, chink ; pleasant sight, fine view ; coward. 'Jj^' tafarrud, inf. v. of (J^i) ; ob- duracy ; restiveness, refractori- ness, insubordination ; rebel- lion. /»" 181 U; iijiH tafriqa-t, separation ; diffu- sion ; distribution ; distinction ; dispersion ; discord. ((i);*») tufrHq, pedicle of the date. l=8;i» tafrit, iNP. II. of (tji) ; excess ; too little ; exaggeration ; (m.) dissipation. (35;4» tafrtq, inf. ii. of (j;i) ; pi. tafdriq, division, distribution ; department; distinction; schism; subtraction ; suspicion ; jea- lousy. hj^ tafriya-t, cutting into pieces, II. ((4;*) ; — lining with f ui', see g~-4» ta/assuh, inf. v. of (c— *) j spaciousness ; commodiousness ; recreation in the open air ; dis- pensation. »;-~6i' tafsira-t, diagnosis from the urine ; symptom ; prescription. ;«—"» tafsir, INF. II. of (.r**^) ; pi- tafdsir, commentary ; paraphrase ; gloss. (j-*>'' tafasii, i tafsiya-t, spreading of a contageous disease. •V««' tafstd, INF. II. of (xai) ; in- cision; groove. J**a» tafsil, INF. II. of (|_H) ; pi. tafdsil, division into chapters ; analysis ; detail, narrating in detail ; inventory ; explicitness ; sketch, plan of a building ; cut of a dress; pi. -dt, details; — » tafsila-t, pi. tafdfil, piece of cloth cut off for a dress. J^-ii' tafdil, INF. II. of ( J^) ; uM f^\ ism tafdil, comparative and superlative. *!j-ii» tafdiya-t, emptying, ii. (^j^). Ai.WiV taftina-t, memorandum-book. i^ tifafa-t, pi. of >-^ tuff. Jk«A» tafaqqud, inf. v. of (■^) ; inquiries after an absent person. gfliS tafaqqu', bursting (n.). &£ai>' tafqi'a-t, inf. ii. of (Ui) ; (m.) peeling. (jis) tafal, u, I, INF. tajl, spit out ; — tafil, A, INF. tafal, smell badly ; — iv. inp. itfdl, cause to smell Isadly. J^ tafal, bad smell, stench ; — taJiJ, i, having a foul breath; — tiifl, thin spittle ; saliva ; foam ; — tuffal, fox ; whelp of a fox ; — 6 tafala-t, foul breath. yUUi' tuflddn, spittoon. C*^' taph, INF. II. of (jJJ) ; agri- culture. '^^ tafliya-t, hunting for lice or fleas. (^ tafan, dirt. >'^^^Jo tufanh, 'i ttifanka-t, gun, musket (Pers.). ijsf^-^ tu/anhji, pi. tufanlfiyya-t, musketeer. t>4-^' tafnhi, INF. II. of (i^) ; invention ; inequality in the thread of cloth ; mixture. (<"») tafih, A, INF. tafdh, tufi'ih, be in small number or quantity and worthless ; — inf. tufilh, grow stupid, become a fool ; — tafih, tafah, inf. tafh, tufVih, emaciate (n.), grow thin, de- crease ; — INF. tafh, be insipid, tasteless. '^ tafih, i , tasteless, insipid ; — tufah, lynx. \£>^ tafawivut, INF. V. of («y^) ; exceeding; going beyond. t-«^' tufuf, pi. of <-aJ' titff, impure matter between the teeth. v3^ tafawwuq, inf. v. of (jy) ; superiority ; pre-eminence. Jjij tafa"ul, tafawiuul, prediction, (^fo tafawwun, abundance, pro- fusion. •-Ai^ tafiDiJ, printing on stuffs ; striping white. ^» tafayyud, inf. v. of (>VJ) ; advantage, profit. &£«" tafyi'a-t, proper time ; imme- diately after ; casting a shadow, shadow ; ii. (ty). Jft£a>' tafil, prediction, ii. (JU. \B tiqd', fear; — « taqd-t, piety; fear of God. JjV» taqdtul, inf. vi. of (J") ; fight, combat ; murder. \ss 182 ^jU> taqddim, pi. of i^sB taqdi- ma-t. ^jUJ taqndir, pi. of ;>Jka»' taqdir. jVii) taqdrr, standing firm, vi. (y). Jiji^S> taqdrus, dint of battle. }>.j^ taqdrir, pi. of ^jyii' taqrir. CJj^" taqdzik, spices ; herbs for seasoning. ij»^' taqdfs, mutual requital or assistance, vi. {ij^). j*"^ taqdsir, pi. of ;W' taqsiir and j«'«S»' taqsir. ^^a> taqddd, ^ji^S iaqddi, money claim, dunning, pressing for payment ; want, need ; vi. ^^ taqdtiA', intersection ; vi. ^^ taqdt!', pi. of 5-^^ taqti'. •icW taqd'ud, inf. vi. of (•!**) ; retirement from active service with a pension. 'T^^ taqdllb, pi. of s-yJ^ taqlib. •^^ taqdlid, pi. of ■^-J«» taqlid. /•^ taqdmur, INF. VI. of C^**) ; game of chance ; bet. A*^ taqdna-t, completion. •Jj^ taqdwtid, guidance. *^^' taqdmuh, inf. vi. of (»y) ; watchword ; parole. i)^ taqdwa-t, piety. ij)^B> taqdwi, INF. VI. of (^^y) ; advance for seed to a farmer. I*i}^ taqdivtm, pi. of f^.j^ taqwhn. ,_s?.^ taqdyt, vomiting, vi. (W*). JUsj taqtdl, killing ; murder. ii^~a> faj^ii, INF. II. of {'^>^) ; tale- bearing ; slander. j^ taqtir, inf. ii. of (jxi) ; ava- rice ; niggardliness. j«AiiJ taqaddmn, inf. vi. of ((••i*) ; pi. -at, pre-eminence ; priority ; premise; — * taqdima-f, pi. taqd- dim, present ; dedication ; pre- mise, proposition of a syllogism ; lieutenancy. Sjm' taqda-t, tlqda-t, coriander ; cumin. yjju taqdir, inf. II. of (_)JJ>) ; pi, -dt, taqddir, predestination, fate ; hypothesis, case ; measuring ; evaluation ; virtual (implicit) meaning ; — ^J taqdiriyy, virtual, imjjlicit ; decreed by fate ; sup- posed. (/») taqir, spice ; herb for sea- soning ; greens ; — » taqira-t, cumin ; — taqirra-t-=^fi taqrdr. )^f> taqrdr, firmness. (jjai') tiqrid, greens ; cumin. }^ taqarru', study of the Holy Scriptures ; intelligence ; v. -r^l]'> taqrib, inf. ii. of (vj*) ; present ; approximation ; pro- bability ; pretext ; — taqrib-an, bi-'t-taqrib, approximately; — (j taqribiyy, approximate ; pre- sumable, probable.^ j>.^ taqrir, inf. ii. of (/) ; pi. togitriV, official report ; diploma; notice, memorandum ; narrative ; pleasure ; — (^ taqririyy, justifi- cative ; vouching. ij^f' taqrid, inf. II. of approbatory criticism. hj^ taqriz, eulogy on living person, 11. (tji) taqshn, inf. ii. of division ; land census ; land-tax- roll ; conjuration ; — ^ taqslmiyy, land-tax. s-^<-*>5' taqsib, inf. ii. of (s—Sij) ; scratch on the skin. W-*^ taqxit, robbing (m.). jUii> tiqsdr, » tiqsdra-t, pi. taqdsir, a short collar, ■*-!-"» taqsiba-t, i-t^^ taqsiha-t, pi. ■df, plaited lock of hair. j*-^ taqsir, inf. ii. of (j^); pi, taqdsir, abbreviation ; defect fault ; negligence, neglect stigma ; pi. -dt, faults. *«-^ taqsiya-t, paring the nails cropping the ears. h-^ taqdiya-t, inf. ii. of (jj-U) decree of Grod ; sufficiency. ;i^ taqtir, inf. ii. of (>») ; dia- betes ; gonorrhoea. C«^' '("/f'S inf. II. of (c^) ; pi. taqdt i\ draft; stature; feature; colic ; cesura of a verse. Wtf 183 ;^" «-AJ=«» taqtif, sifting of flour ; gathering grapes. (C") taqa', hunger ; — taqi', violent hunger. ^J^ taqaffi, rhyming (m.). s-^B' taqlib, inf. it. of (^i) ; pi. taqdlib, rotations, revolutions. A^jUs taqlid, INF. II. of (jJi) ; pi. taqdlid, taqiUlddt, imitation ; spectacle, theatrical representa- tion ; investiture, diploma of such ; at-taqliddt, oral traditions (m.) ; — ^ taqlidiyy, imitated. J«l^' taqlil, INF. II. of (Ji) ; scarce- ness. (»«*» taqamqtim, murmuring. ((^25) tiqn, 'i tiqna-t, nature, natural disposition; — tiqn, skilful; mire; — hence li. taqqan, inf. tatqin, irrigate with mii-j water ; — ii. and IV. INF. itqdn, arrange skil- fully ; build solidly ; make fast, fortify ; improve. yji» taqannu', v. ASaSj taqiii'a-t, ii. of (Ci) ; crimson ; colouring red ; dying the beard. \^' taqwd, piety, fear of God ; — tuqawd', pi. of ^J" taqiyy. '^'\f!> taqivdd, leading, driving. ii\jS> tiqwdla-t, talkative. cyff taqawwuh, suppuration. iiyu tiqwila-t, talkative. j^^o» taqwa, piety ; fear of Grod ; abstemiousness ; — S faqwiya-f, strengthening ; encouraging. ^JS' taqa, for t^\ ittaqa, viil. of (-^) ; criticism ; (m.) libel. jt/" taqayyu', ,_^ taqayyi, vomit- ing. jTss" taqyih, making purulent ; ii. taqyid, inf. ii. of (^) ; A*<>ii> ^liic taqyid 'aqliyy, mental reser- vation. (e^) INP. VI. of (^) ; bi-'t-taJcdsur, fre- *£«»■ taqyi'a-t, causing to vomit, ii. (Wi). (c£i«) tahh, I, INP. tiihiih, be stupid, absent-minded ; — u, inp. taltk, takka-t, cut ; tread under the feet, crush by stamping ; ine- briate ; — X. INF. istitkdk, tie up the trowserswith the tikka-t; — _S tikka-t, pi. tikak, string for tying up the trowsers, belt. (^'), IV. INF. itkd', cause to lean upon ; throw down ; pierce with the sword; — viii. inf. ittikd', lean upon or against (^ 'ala) ; — » tuka'a-t, support, back of a chair, &c. ; cushion ; stick ; one- sided. 2»^" takdtu', inf. VI. of consequence. ^\ij takdsur, frequency ; quently. i^j^ takdri, hiring, renting, farm- ing. ybj takdfu', equality, vi. (US'). u5)^' takdk, pi. of ci!^ tdkk, stupid, foolish, &c. i^\&> takdkim-t, pi. of ^5^^' tak- kari. »£)^ takkdk, maker of the string 4^' tikka-t. .-aJ^- takdUf, pi. of cjiJii- takl!/. VjV^> takdyu, pi. of i^Ss takya-t. ^^ takaddur, inf. v. of (j-*^) ; dregs, sediment. ^jkio takdir, inf. ii. of (j-*^); blame, reproach. wj\.i^' tiki::dh, liar. ^j£j toA;r((r,«repetition ; tautology ; objection ; dispute, quarrel ; purification ; refining. l^Si takrima-t, cushion of honour. ^^yS5 takkariyy, tukJcariyy, pi. takd- />■ 184 ■^ kira-t, leader, general ; — taharri, sleeping, sleep, v. (^/). )i^ tah-tr, INP. II. of {^) ; revi- sion ; reply. (j^j^ tahris, inf. ii. of (i^/) ; pi. fakrisiit, dedication. *-^^' takris'a-t, surfeited stomach ; sausage. /♦>/j takrhn, inf. ii. of (|«/) ; pi. -I'd, honour, cushion of honour. ji-^ tahsir, inf. ii. of {y~^) ; fraction (of numbers) ; approxi- mate measuring ; >^\ j*^ jam- 'u-'t-taksir-i, broken plural. (lt-^) tikx, old hawk. ._ ft ,j.i-.^' tak^tf, inf. of (>-SliS) ; un- covering, &c. ; apocalypse. •—-x^ taka"ub, cubic form, cube. 4««^' tak'iba-t, trellis- work (m.). j}B^ takfitr, Greek Emperor. pfi^ takfir, inf. ii. of (^) ; covering, &c. ; atonement. uiiSi' tikak, pi. of ii^ tikka-t ; — takak, iakaka-i, jjl. of >^^ ti'ikk, foolish, &c. (J^) tokil, A, taknl, inf. hikhhi, from JSi'\ ittakal, viii. (Jfj), rely upon (^J^^ 'ala) ; — x. inf. istifkdl, consider skilful, reli- able ; — 4 fiikla-t, trust in God; — iakala-t, who relies or is obliged to rely on others ; (m.) trustworthy ; skilful, experi- enced, proved. fA^ takhhn, iakhhnm and i , elo- quent, talkative ; — tikillam, conversation. y!^Si' iakahhi, who relies upon others ; — ttikhhi, trust in God. >-flK> iakalliif, inf. v. of (<-4l^) ; taking trouble, Ac. ; exjiendi- ture ; ceremonies, compliments; affectation; — » faklifd-t, toil- some work. 1^ takalhnn, inf. v. of (^) ; talking, &e. ; speech, language ; word. i_aJ>Sj iaklif, INF. II. of (>-alS ) ; imposing ti'ouble, &c. ; pi. iaM- I'tf, trouble, vexation ; (m.) im- posts, taxes ; proposal, motion ; ceremonies, compliments, ^.fjio takamhiis, motley crowd. ^_^.iSj' takaiini, v. h^ , H- of (^) ; giving a nickname ; using meta- phoric language. 1^.^ takirii), INF. II. of (t)^) ; causing to be, &c. ; book of Genesis. i>j^' takiriija-t, cauterisation; (m.) ironing of linen, ii. (o^)- (_5io fakkiyy, maker of the string iSJ tikka-t ; — ' takya-t, pi. takihjil, asylum ; convent (Pers.). (J>') tall, V, INF. tall, throw one down on his neck, cheek or forehead ; throw into difficulties; throw or push a thing into one's hand ; — u, i, humble one's self, fawn ; fall down ; pour out ; drop with perspiration ; let down ; (m.) take by the hand ; lead a beast of burden ; — iii. INF. miitnlla-t, seek a stallion to cover one's mare ; — iv. inf. ithU, render fluid ; tie up and lead a horse. Ji' fall, pi. tiliil, tuh'd, small hill ; sand-hill ; pi. atlal, pillow ; a garment; — i talla-t, drinking- vessel of palm-leaves ; — tilla-t, laziness ; reclining posture ; state, condition ; humidity. '^ tahi, see (^) ; — tali', compact ; protection ; share, lot ; — tallo, (public) reader of the Koran. "W^' tula'biba-t, well-managed business. «j!^' tahlt, (m.) for ^% mlh, three. >-^"5\' tahUiif. ^f% taldti'if, dirty, squalid ; sordid ; detested ; tu- mult, quarrel. JiS^- tahltn, pi. of JJj- taltal and J^' talil; — tiilutil, strous: and fat. ^^%> taldthi, (m.) for ^^U sahUiii, thirty ; Eussian leather (Turk.). ^3^% taldhuq, following succes- sively, succession. .jSU 185 •Ji>' tildd, hereditary property, heir- loom ; — ^ tilndiyy, hereditary, inherited, domestic. ij^!^ taldsi; iNr. VI. of {y^) ; getting destroyed, &c. ; utter perplexity, bewilderment. t^ tild', pi. of i«l>- ial'a-t; — i tald'a-t, length of the neck. -Jlto talldf, who spoils everything ; bungler ; — (j taldfl, recovering from a loss ; amendment, vi. <-a*il^' taldfif, densely-grown grass, lilb' taldq-in, ,^!to' taldqi, inf. vi. of (i^), meeting ; ^=.J\ ^^ yaumu-'t-taliqi, Day of Judg- ment. ^li» taldla-t, error, yiij' taldlu', glimmering, flashing, II. (B). u~«31te taldlis, pi. of (j~sli' /i7??s. SJ.»Si' taldmiza-t, i~^% tahhnlz, pupils, disciples, pi. of J^-Jj' tilmiz. j^lfe' taldmth, pi. of £p»*lj' talmih. ge^I^' taldmi', pi. of J**!* talmi\ y!i> taldn, now, at present. ^_s*!^» taldlii, sporting, toying, amusement. Sj!to tildwa-t, reading, rehearsal, praying ; lecture ; recital, inp. of (^) ! — tiddwa-t, balance (of an account) ; rest. i^^ taldun, consent, agreement. (4-1j) taldb, damage, loss ; — hence itla'abb, inf. iili'bdb, be well managed (business) ; be (placed) upright ; be straight and level (road) ; lift up the neck and head. u-^ talbis, inf. ii. of (u~»3) ; decking, dressing, &c. ; mixture; lie, deceit; impostor, knave ; investiture ; incognito. i^t^ talbina-t, soup of bran, milk and honey. (Jjil;) taltal, inf. » , move, shake (a. and n.) ; walk fast and with violent movements ; urge on with violence. Jjilf taltal, hard trot ; pi. taldtil. harshness ; calamity ; drinking- vessel of palm-leaves. ^ tulaj, eaglet. (e''')i i'^- atlaj, INF. itldj, cause to enter, put into, insert. 42^' falji'a-t, compulsion ; vio- lence, II. (^j*J). y-aJj' talhin, inf. ii. of (;^a»!) ; pronouncing badly, modulating, &c. ; psalmody. ij=fS&li' talhh, INF. II. of ((jasiJ), cleaning, extracting the purest part, &c. ; quintessence ; ab- stract, report of a minister ; publication ; explanation. (>ilj') talad, u, I, INF. tulud, be inherited, hereditary ; — v, inf. itiMd, also talid, a, inf. talad, remain, to stay in a place (new comer) ; — ii. inf. tatlid, grasp with avidity and prevent others getting ; — IV. INF. itldd, possess or succeed to hereditary pro- perty ; accumulate property to the inherited one. •»!>■ talad, born in a foreign country but brought as a child to Mus- lims ; — talad, tald, tuld, born in the house ; hereditary pro- perty ; — tuld, eaglet. g^.ilj ialddg, stinging, sting, ii. tj«-l» tulsiyy, sweet basil. SaUi' talattut, denying a debt, v. (U). jU; tilti', toothless (camel). (^■) tala'. A, iNP. tal', rise ; spread ; stretch forth the head ; — tali', A, INF. tala', be full ; — faW, talu', INF. tala', be long, have a long neck; — iv. inf. itld', stretch forth the head ; stretch the neck ; — vr. inf. tatdlu', stretch the neck and raise the head in walking. ^li- tal', hill ; — tala', length of the neck ; — tali', who looks much about or round ; full ; — s tal'a-t pi. tild', tala'dt, mountain-slope with currents ; torrent ; river- 24 ^ 186 head; ^_s'*^ J*-* sail-i( tal'ati, my own relations ; (m.) hill, glebe. v_jUlj- tal\'(b, play ; taViib, til'db, tiW'ab, i tili"dha-t, too much given to playing and sporting. (j^}*^ talau'us, chewing. I — -«lJ til'ib, 6 = s-'^' tal'db, ' . (cjli) talif, A, INF. talaf, perish ; — IV. INF. itldf, ruin, make dis- appear; render destructive or recognise anything to be so ; — VII. INF. intildf, perish. <-ali' talaf, ruin, perdition ; loss ; dissipation ; talaf-an, unavenged (blood) ; — taUf, jierishing. jVnl; tilfdq, two pieces of cloth or dresses sewn together. yUU talfdn, on the point of dying ; worn out by use. !iiAlJ talaffuz, pronunciation, v. ci-«o!j talfit, turning one's head towards another, ii. (o.-aJ). lijilj talfiz, pronouncing, ii. (^). i3«ils talfiq, INF. II. of (t3«5), sewing together, &c. ; fabrica- tion, falsification ; (m.) medley, ragout ; calumny ; — » talfiqa-t, collection ; miscellany (tales, sayings, &c.). ^' tilqd', meeting, encounter; side; vis-a-vis ; on the part of ; to- wards. gVal; tiliqqd', i tiliqqd'a-t, talker. Jsis tilqihn, i tilqdma-t, who swal- lows large morsels. ;;)-iilj' falqhl, INF. II. of ((J-SS), instructing, &c. ; addressing the dead ; (m.) insinuation, innuendo, tale-bearing, goading up against ; dictation. ciUs tillca, f. of udSU zdliJi, that one. Jli talal, humiditv ; — tulul, pi. of J-U tain. ^15 talain, pi. uih'tm, furrow ; cleft ; — hence u.tallam, inf. tatllm, [[^furrow ; — tilm, pi. tildm, lad, youth, servant ; ploughman ; gold- smith; windpipe; bellows. cUls talmdh, flashing, shining, n. tUii- illlmmd:, fickle; f. »; talka- tive ; a boisterous woman, (j^) talmaz, inf. &, be a pupil to (J Ii) ; (m.) teach ; have for a pupil; — II. INF. tatahmiz, be a pupil, disciple, g^- talm'ih, INF. II. of (c^), speaking obscurely ; allusion ; pi. taUmih, features which re- mind of the father. Js^ tilmh, pi. taVnn'iz, taldmiza-t, icddm-in, talhni, pupil, disciple; student; (m.) confessor (who goes to confession). g**li' talmi', INF. II. of (5*^), glittering, &c. ; pi. taldmi', glitter of arms, flashing of swords ; blight stripes. ijdi' ialunna-t, iulunna-t, delay ; necessaries. (iJjj) talih, A. INF. talah, perish ; be sad, perplexed ; forget. iJi' talah, ruin, perdition; con- fusion, perplexity. A-glJ talhiya-t, diversion, unbending the mind, amusement ; toy. {^) tald, u, tala, i, inf. tiiluu-w, follow, walk behind another ; abanduu, leave in the lurch ; despise; — inf. iilUva-t, read; recite ; meditate ; — inf. talir, buy (the foal of) a mule ; — tall, A, inf. ^ til-an, remain, rest ; — 11. inf. tatliya-t, follow ; press for payment, dun ; follow up the prayers prescribed by others ; redeem one's vow ; lie in agony ; — III. INF. mutdllt, follow; ac- company (in music) ; — iv. inf. itld', cause one to follow an- other ; press by the bailifE for payment ; overtake ; entrust with {^_^ 'ala), commission ; leave the remainder of a debt outstanding ; give, bestow on ; grant protection ; hand an arrow as a sign of protection ; ^■ 187 U be followed by her foals (camel, &c.) ; — V. INF. tatalli, follow unceasingly ; press by the bailiff ; — VI. INF. tatnli, follow each other in uninterrupted succession ; — x. inf. istitkV, desire one to follow, to espouse a cause ; lead ; continue. •^ Jilw, pi. ath1.\ following (adj.); » tilwa-t, foal ; summer-lambs ; a goat above four months old ; trace; sublime, noble ; — taJaww, who follows continually ; — tu- luww, INF. of (^') ; — 6 tilwa-t, remainder of a debt. •i^*^' talwdz, seeking refuge. ^^ talawiuut, sodomy. g^' tulil', day-break. J^ talul, lazy, restive (camel). (j^ tuli'in, i tuluna-t, delay ; neces- saries. 8^' talawwuh, glitter, glimmer. (j^ tala wwa, small ship ; — tala wivt, INF. V. of ((^y), getting twisted, &C. ; — i tahriya-f, bending, folding, II. (^y). gS^ talwij, INF. II. of (s^5), turning aside, &c. ; bend of the road. eijli' talwih, pi. iahhiuh, inf. ii. of (c^), causing to flash, &c. ; metonymy ; pi. fruit which begins to ripen. ^J^ tala, remainder of the month ; — tily, who swears much ; rich ; — talla, pi. of JjlJ talil; — tulla, slaughtered sheep; — ii taliyya-t, remainder of a debt ; remainder, rest. •i«l» talid='^ talad, hereditary, &c. (u^) tillis, 6 tillisa-t, pi. taldlts, testicle ; little basket made of leaves, gslj tali', long-necked ; long, tall. ^fl«l» taUfa-t, anything lost or spoiled. J«lj' tain, pi. talla, thrown down, prostrate ; pi. atilla-t, tulul, taldtil, neck. (^') tamm, i, inf. tamm, timni, tumm, tamdm, timdm, tumdm, tattiama-t, timdma-t, be com- plete, whole, perfect ; complete, finish (s-> hi or ^ 'ala) ; go to (^\ ila) ; — II. INF. tatmlm, tatimma-t, improve, make per- fect ; be complete ; finish off (a wounded man) ; annihilate, ruin ; give to anyone his gain in the game of arrows ; belong to or side with the tribe of Tamim ; suspend a talisman round one's neck ; — iii. inf. mutamamat, vie with another in completing a thing ; — iv. inf. itindm, complete, finish; improve, make perfect ; be on the point of giving birth ; be in full growth ; be full (moon) ; obtain one's wish ; give the axe ^ timm -to anyone; go to; — v. inf. tatammum, be complete (frac- ture) ; walk with a broken leg until the fracture is complete ; — VI. INF. tatdmm, come in full numbers, reach the full number ; — X. INF. istHmdni, wish for, demand or bring about the completion of a thing ; ask for anything necessary to the com- pletion of a work ; ask for the axe ^' timm. 1^ tamm, timm, tumm, completion; end, finish ; a kind of goose ; 1^ li-timm-in, mature ; — timm, axe, hatchet ; anything complete; — tiimm, mouth (m.) ; — i tam- ma-t, talisman of camel-hair ; — timma-t, tumma-t, pi. tumain, the same ; — tumma-t, gift, present. t>4»^ tamdtin, pi. of u^^^w timtdn. jW^'Ui' tamdsil, pi. of J*-^ timsdl. jW tammdr, seller of dates. jujUi' tamdrtd, pi. of J^;*> timrdd. ,_j-.Uj' tamd.si, inf. vi. of (t^~^), being cut ; gangrene. j^«,Uj tamdsih, pi. of c^ — *^ timsnk. \aUj tamdsd, pleasure-walk, prome- nade ; sight, spectacle ; amuse- ment. ^U> tamdm, timdm, completed ; 188 uiuU perfect ; whole, entire ; full (moon) ; completion, end ; — iamnii'i'm, troop, crowd ; ■ — ' tamdma-t, completion ; end ; — tumdma-i, remainder, rest ; — i^ tamdmi, complete, entire ; i— >^ — =^ ,_5Li.W J ,_3-U> Msdb tamdmi loa tafdduli, integral and differential calculus •j^tviwitniyy, the longest ^ (night). ^jU> famd'iiii, pi. of ^ * .• . ♦> icmii- iiia-f. (•b^w tamtdm, stammerer; — ' tain- tdma-t, stammering. yb*» timfdii, pi. tamdthi, tent- rope. (l*^^) tamtam, inf. ii , pronounce badly the uw and f> ; speak with an impediment. i-:^ tamattuh, error ; v. (*^^)- (;>~w tamthi, pi. tamdt'ni, tent- rope. JU»j tamsdl, comparison, resem- blance; — timfdl, pi. tamds'd, resemblance ; image, likeness, portrait. Jii*> tams'il, INF. II. of (J^), representing by an image, &c. ; making an example of ; pi. -at, example ; allegory. J'-fi!*' fumjid, INF. II. of (•^■^^), praising, &c. ; eulogy ; hymn. &-*;♦> tamhiya-t, erasing, blotting out. jjA*j tamaddun, inf. v. of (o-^), uniting in civic society, &c. ; polite manners ; civilisation, refinement. j*> tamr, », pi. tumnr, tumrdn, full ripe date; ^^•ajj* j*j tamr hindiyy, tamarind ; — hence : tanuir, u, inf. fanir, feed with dates; — II. inf. tatiiiir, enter the last stage of ripening ; bear ripe or ripening dates ; feed with dates ; dry, make drv (fruit); mince iiiul dry meat; ■ — IV. INF. itntdr, abound in dates ; enter the last stage of ripening ; bear dates ; Iced with dates; — * tamara-t, knot in a whip. S\y>j t'lmrdd, pi. tamo rid, dove-cot ; bird's-nest; — tamrdd, inf. ii. of (o^), building high. (j^jM tumrdn, pi. of ^ tamr. ^^j^' tamarrudiyy, refractory, re- bellious. (jj*2) tamariz, fuiiuiiariz, dwarfish. ^J>J*i tarn Ilia mid, weakness, insuf- ficiency. ^j*.> tainriyy, fond of dates. ijij;*> tamris, a little rain. jjj.*> famrhj, inf. ii. of {tj") anointing, smearing. i?j*i' taniziya-t,}i\gh. praise, eulogy II. (^y). ^\ — tj tniisd/i (g — ►> tiinsah), pi. tamds'ih, crocodile ; liar ; ma- licious ; — tamsi'ih, lie. ;ci~*i' tamasMir, jest ; masque- rade. 1^1 — w tamassuh, inf. v. of (uii — *), seizing, &c. ; attachment ; pi. -dt, written obligation ; note of hand, bond, bonus ; receipt. ^ar: — w tamslhd, a prayer. A-— *> taiiisiya-t, wishing good evening, ii. (j — *). (lt-") taiiiax, u, INF. tainx, gather, assemble. bi-w tlrmid', walk, gait; step. tii-i~*» tumsal-, sandal of Bagdad. tamsiq, dying red. tamsiya-t, causing to walk ; putting into motion ; purging ; giving the preference ; ii. jj=*» tamatti, stretching one's self and yawning, ii. (y=^). o^,Ka»j tamqit, hatred. (ud*5) tamak, u, i, inf. tamk, tumiik, be long and high, juicy and firm (hump) of a camel) ; — IV. INF. itmdk, fatten. y.i*' tamaklcnii, inf. v. of (y^)j having authority and influence, e^*j taiiiklii, INF. II. of (j^jX.*), giving authority, &c. ; making ^ 189 U possible ; investiture ; declen- sion. j!i^ tamldq, fiiiiUldq, declaration of love, caressing, fondling. (^%tj thnldn, pi. of *1-). ^ tamallu', being full, ii. (^). osJjUj tumldk, wild olive. ^_5Sy*' tamlikiyy, one's own, here- ditary; — S tandikiyya-t, right of property, of inheritance. "S-sUj' tamllya-t, pi. ikuldn, long life, II. {^); — tamli'a-t, filling; fetching water, ii. (^). f**> tamam, perfect, complete ; — tumam, tiiita'iii,'pl.oi **» timma-t, ;_y*» tumina. U*> tamannd, wish, desire ; salut- ing by kissing one's fingers and placing them on the fore- head. ij>-*j tamanul, pi. -at, wish; re- quest, petition, v. (o^)- (iU>) tainih, A, INF. tamah, ta- mdha-t, deteriorate in taste and smell ; smell badly, be rancid. (J6*') itmahall, inf. Itmihldl, be long, hard, straight and strong. .^9«j' tamhid, inf. ii. of (-^6^), spreading out, &c. ; removing difficulties ; laying a broad, sound foundation. r9*j^ tamhir, inf. ii. of (j**), demanding or taking a dowry, &c. ; — sealing, from Pers. fi^ muhr, seal. tanihik, reducing to powder. jy*^ tamawwur, inf. v. of (jy), oscillating, &c. ; — tumur, pi. of j*» tamr. jftJ tamvz, month of July. y^' tamawwun, domestic expendi- ture, taking in provisions, v. (ay)- Jij*> tamwil, enriching, ii. (Jy). 1^ tumma^^i^ timma-t, tumma-t. Si^ tumaila-t, pi. -at, timldn, a kind of cat. tamim, perfect, complete ; ;* name of a tribe ; — » tamiiaa-i, 1)1. taiauii, tamii'iiii, talisman, amulet; — ^^ tinnimiyy, belong- ing to the tribe Tamim. u>-5«*' tainijit, kilUng, murder. j«*» tamy'iz, inf. ii. of (>s^), separating, discerning ; discri- mination, discernment, judg- ment, discretion. (j^') tiiin, pi. ai?Kf/(, equal, similar; one's equal, comjianion, com- rade ; — hence iii. inf. aj^« lautdniia-t, compare ; — iv. itiidii., be far, absent ; weaken and prevent from growing. ;^> tuiin, i , tunny-fish ; — ii tina-t, endurance ; continual flow ; inf. of (yi;j). (^) tana', a, inf. tuiid' , stay, dwell, inhabit (v bi, ^ fi)- Ui' tiiiind', peasants, countrymen, pi. of ^y^ tdn't' ; — S tiiid'a-t, dwelling, living in a place, fixed residence. JirfW tandhll, pi. of JW^' tiinhdl, J^-^' taiiihiV. ^jUj taiiddi, INF. VI. of i^-^). of calling to each other, ). ,_5~.Ui' tandsi, real or pretended forgetfulness, vi. (o~')-. «&U> tandsir, exercises in calli- graphy. s-s-Ui' tandstb, mile-stones, stones to mark out the road. y~cUJ tana'us, drowsiness ; pre- tending to be asleep, vi. (ij~«»). u 190 k<; gsiU; tandfij, pi. wedge-like pieces inserted in a dress. (j^j>^' tamlqis, pi. defects, short- comings. j^^ tanilkiih, intermarriage, vi. y:}^ tanirtiir, pi. of j^' tanniir. ij^'^ tanihi.in, pi. of y^' tinnhi. 1^^ taxi'ihi, INF. VI. of (1^3^), arriving, &o. ; — pi. of iM^' fanhiya-f. v>j^' tanihvuh, doing alternately, VI. (v>y). J^^ tawiwnl, INF. VI. of (Jy), taking, seizing, &c. ; Holy Communion. S^Ui' iindwa-t, ^S^ tindya-t, neglect of study and discussion (between scholars). j;i!j^' tandwih, pi. of j^.^Jj fanivlh. <_fl)l-i' tmid'if, pi. of ^i^' tani'ifa-t. JUjJ iimh'il, pi. fandhil, tandhila-f, dwarf; — J tiinhiila-t, id.; dwarfish figure. 57<-"' tanabb/ij, swelling of a bone. tii~fjj tumbak, tobacco (Pers.). Ji-.^ timbal=^^'^ timbdl; (m.) pi. tandbil, weak, soft ; lazy ; idler ; — tanabbul, inf. v. of (J^j), excelling by birth, skill, &c. ft^ tanahbti', office of a prophet, v. (WO. j^^jj' tambi'ir, small ; dwarf. J^' iumbiU, pi. tandbil, dwarf. ct~,«.;j iauibit, inf. ii. of (u:-.y), causing to grow, &c. ; tambit, timb'd, anything sprouting; (m.) trees, bushes, shrubs ; projection of a sill, of ornaments ; stitches of a seam. d£*jj fnnibi'a-t, prophesying, pro- phecy, II. (W>). i^«-"' tambih, inf. ii. of {^), awakening, &c. ; pi. -df, admo- nition ; aviso ; decree, edict ; notice. ^\£X> favtds, calumny. iJUy: tiiit'iJa-t, Jji.JJ' tiiifal, dwarf. yj^u' iantan, inf. », leave one's friends for other people's com- pany. J«J^ tanill, dwarfish, dwarf. t>j==^ tanjara-t=if^ tcmjara-t, frying-pan ; kettle ; pot. ,_5a^' tanajji, inf. v. of (fr), saving one's self, escaping _; salvation, eternal bliss ; — * tarijkja-i, rescue, deliverance, 11. {^) ; city of Tangier. (j~*=!r^' idUJlS, INF. II. of {fj~^), polluting, &c. ; amulet against the evil eye. ct.>.fr&^ tanhit, planing; cutting the hoof. {^) tanah, n, inf. tuw'ih, stay, dwell ; — tanih, a, inf. tanah, suffer from indigestion ; — 11. INF. tatnih, stay, remain, abide (sj bi) ; — III. INF. mutdnaha-t, make a stand in battle ; — iv. INF. itndh, cause indigestion; — V. INF. tatannuh, stay, abide (v 60- •i^-ii' tanahhiiz, command of a ship, cajatainship. ;*sa.^ tanhjr, speech. ijij taiiazzvh, inf. v. of ('y), being far from water and pasture- ground, &c. ; purity, chastity ; elevation of the mind ; recre- ation ; amusement ; walk in the open air ; entertainment. Jj)-"' tanzU, INF. II. of (Jy), sending down, &c., revelation ; Koran ; hospitable reception ; diminishing, subtracting ; hu- miliation ; deposition ; inser- tion. ij^\ — -3 iansds, swiftness. -^' tanassum, pleasant breeze. sj' tansib. praise, aj^proval. tansiq, inf. ii. of (*3— >), arranpjing in good order, &c. ; pi. -at, ordinance, regulation. (3-i^ tanassuq, snuffing, 11. (ijJij). "S^-i-u tansi'at, bringing up, edu- cation, II. (^-i->). cUjj' tanr/dh, exuding, perspiration ; dew. ^Uijj' taii~'!r, "perceiving, inf. of 1^^ tangim, inf. ii. of (^), e" 191 ly putting in order, &c. ; ordinance, regulation. f»«*Jj'' tan'lm, inf. ii. of (^), procuring a happy life, &c. ; pampering, effeminating. ji^ tanaffur, abtorrence, detesta- tion. u»»^' tanaffus, inf. v. of {w^) ; breathing, sighing, &c. ; recre- ation. •\>^' tanfiz, transmission ; execu- tion ; enforcing. (j«««i^' tanfis, cheering, refreshing, consoling ; ctJ\ i_i^ har/u-'t- tanfis-i, particle of wishing. •>^ tanqdd, separating, sifting. U=UiAi' tanqds, diminishing, damag- ing, injuring. j.Vyya-t, tinman, tinker. }^ tanakhur, disguise, incognito ; transformation into a lower state, indefiniteness, v. (j^). ts^i^' tankit, inf. ii. of (u;-^), cavilling, &c., (m.) criticism; censure ; vexation. ji^ tanhir, inf. ii. of (j^), altering, disfiguring, &c. ; dis- guise ; generalisation. (a^') tanam, v, inf. tanm, browse on the tree tannum. (^-♦Ja tantniq, inf. ii. of (i3*'); writing with large letters, &c. ; choice handwriting, exquisite penmanship. tanmiya-f, causing to grow, to increase, to flourish, ii. (^) ; — adulteration; lie; calumny; quotation ; growth, increase, ii. W."' tavhi'i, alone, solitary (Pers.) ; — tanhV, highest point of rising water. ^A>) tannnh, fir-tree. jyj' tanni'ir, pi. tanihiir, stove, oven, furnace; pit for baking; surface of the earth ; source ; — tanawivur, inf. v. of (jy), shining, &c. ; — ^^ tannfirlyy, maker of stoves, &c. li^ taniifa-t, h ianufiyya-t, pi. tan (V if, vast desert. ff^ fannihn, name of a tree ; hemp-seed ; — hence : v. inf. fanaxvwum, browse on the tree taiinitm; — tanawwum, inf. v. of (,.y), sleeping. ^ j-if>j tanwih, pi. tandwih, lamenta- tion, mourning for the dead, ii. (^*i> tanwin, nunnation (marking _ with 1, 7, -)• hy^ tanwiya-t, inf. ii. of (i^y), accomphshing a jiurpose ; (m.) mewing. ij^ tinin, equal, similar; — tinnin, pi. tandnin, large serpent ; dra- gon (constellation) ; shark. ij tih, for 6 J zih, this, f. s. yVy tahdtir, pi. of f^ talitar ; — tahdtur, INF. VI. of {fJ^), being arrogant towards each other. faJtivits; — \J^)^ taJiii- 1VUS, INF. VI. of (u^y»), being mixed up together, set against each other. JjjW» tahdwil, pi. of Jj^gi' taliwih jl'^ tahuijn , consent, vt. (^t;*). J««i' tahbil, i , (m.) steam-bath ; fomentation. ;W' tahtdr, stupid insolence. J^' tahtdl, continual rain. yUgJ tahtdn, continual light rain. j'^ tahtar, pi. tahdiir, contra- dictory and on either jiart false evidence ; mutual false accusa- tion. (4^) tahtah, inp. » , indulge in idle doings. ^^' tahjd', satire, libel, jmsqui- nade. gVa^' fahju', light slumber, jaf^' tahja', broad. ^W tahajju', ua!r8' fahajjt, i-i^i> tahjiya-t, spelling ; i,;*^^.^^ '-'>;=■ h II ri'ifu-'t-tahji, alphabet. ^^•^ tahaddi, right guidance, v. ((^'i'») ; — taliaddi', alleviation, mitigation ; abatement of price, V. (\jJi) ; — ii fahdiya-t, offering, giving for a present ; ii. (i^Jjfc) ; — tahdi'a-f, soothing, quieting, &c., II. Oja). jW' tahzdr, talking nonsense, absurd talk. ^^ talia::ii', bursting (of a tu- mour). j;6J' taharrii', over-cooking, v. Oy*). ■y^' fahri'a-t, dissolving by lioiling, II. (V). J)^ tahazziil, facetiousness, jocose- ness. Jtgi' tahlal, histing rain. iii^ talilika-t, fahlaJca-t, taliluha-t, ruin ; danger ; what leads to ( ruin. I i JI9J tahaUal, vain, idle ; — tahalhd, rejoicing, delight, v. (J*)- <^^ tulih'ik, ruin, iNr. of (isXlfc). (^6^') taliiin. A, INF. taham, tahd- ma-t, get deteriorated and smell badly (meat) ; stink ; perceive one's insufficiency for a thing and get confused at it; refuse the pasture ; be very hot, while the air is calm; — tahiim, be suspected, for ^'1 ittaham, viii. (^^) ; (m.) taham, suspect, accuse ; — III. inf. tmitahdma-t = v, ; — IV. INF. ithdm, go to Tahiima or live there ; find the air of a country oppressive and unwholesome ; suspect and ac- cuse falsely ; suppose, doubt ; suggest an opinion or suspicion ; — III. and V. INF. iatahhvm, go to Tahama, or live there; — VII. INF. intihdm, (m.) be sus- pected, accused ; — viii. inf. Hiihdin, suspect. f^ iulifim, calm (of the air) ; ex- cessive heat ; sea-shore; — iahim, smelling badly, stinking ; — faJim, Tahama ; sea-shore ; — i fahama-t, stench ; pi. tahd'im, shore; — taJima-f, Tahama; town, city; — tii]ima-f, suspicion, bad opinion. i__y=^' tiiJimatiyy, suspicious, sus- pected (m.). (y^) taJiiii, A, INF. iahan, sleep. ^■8^ tahiii, sleeping (adj.). i^j^ talini'a-t, ^_5••^ tahni', congra- tulation; saying W-=^ haniyy-an, may it do you good ! ungrudg- ingness. {}9>) iaJid, u, INF. fahir, being negligent. ^)^ iahird', part of the night. •J^^' iahinid, speaking low and gemly (s.). ij^\)i> tahird.s, pi. taJnhvis, tahdwi.y, crowd of peo[)le ; tumult. J^' fahainoid, inf. v. of (>>y*), being gentle in speech, becom- ing a Jew, &c. ; conversion ; repentance ; conciliation. ^ 193 C?.^' tahivV, violent agitation ; vomiting, ii. (g^). Jj^' tahivil, INF. II. of (J^*), frightening, &c. ; pi. tahdwil, terrific sight ; goblin ; phantom ; calumny. ,_s«» tih), this, f. sing, of \^ za; — tahiyy, void, vacant (Pers.). jvs#' tahim, suspect, suspicious ; • — • tahayyum, elegant gait, v. ^' tahayyu', being prepared, &c., v. (WJfc). ,_5*9' tahyV, iSs«i' tahyi'a-t, pi. -at, prepai'ation ; good guidance, ii. f taivw, pi. atn-i'i', alone; single simple, not compound ; finished 1000 horses ; — ii tawwa-t, hour tawwat-an, just now, this very moment. \f tawd', sign of the cross. wj\y tawwub, repenting, penitent ; long-suffering ; — i tu'nba-t, dis- grace, ignominy. ^W tawdbi', dependencies, pi. of &«^' tdbi'a-t. Jj\/ tawdbil, Sluices, pi. of J>^ tdbil. c^s>^y tawdbtt, biers, &c., pi. of uuj?^' tdbut. f\y tawdtur, inf. vi. of (/;), fol- lowing each other in short intervals, &o. ; uninterrupted tradition ; frequency ; pub- licity. y^\f tawdsir, pi. of j/y tu'snr. E\f tuwdj, bleating. j)y tau'ad, considerateness ; de- liberation ; — tawddd, mutual love, VI. (J;) ; — tS tawddi, pi. of h'^f taudiya-t. •ij^f tawdrud, inf. vi. of ('^j^), coming together to the watering- place, &c. ; in rhetoric : chance agreement between two poets. gj)\y' tawdrih, historical dates, &c., pi. of ^j^ tdrih. 5A\y tawddu', inf. vi. of (g^;), deporting one's self with hu- mility ; false politeness ; cring- ing. y=\y taivdtii', agreement ; self- humiliation, VI. (^j). ijAy taivdfxq, INF. VI. of (i>»^), agreeing one with another, &c. ; league ; leaving no remainder in division ; commensurability. j\)' tawwdq, longingly attached. ^ly taivdqt', pi. of ^f tauqt'. ^\f tawdkuz, complication ; en- tanglement. ■^\f iawdlxid, pi. of ■i^f tauMd. ^J\f tawdli, succession, vi. ((jS;) ; — pi. of i-J^ tdliya-t, the ex- tremities of the body. f>\)> tau'am, pi. ^y tawd'im,tudin, twin-brother; the second best cast of the dice, arrow or lot ; constellation of the Twins ; — fu'dm, (m.) twin-like, double ; — ii tau'ama-t, pi. tawd'im, twin- sister; a litter or sedan-chair open at the top for women ; — h tu'dmiyya-t, a pearl. y\y tawdn-in, ^\f tawdnt, slow- ness ; tiredness ; delay ; negli- gence ; VI. {^)). l>S\f tawd'im, by-paths; — pi. of (•^y tau'am. (v>y) tdb, V, INF. taub, tauba-t, matdb, tdba-t, tatwiba-t, return penitently to God ; admit the penitent to His mercy (God) ; draw back ; — x. inf. istitdb, call or move to repentance. >-jy tob, top, cannon (Turk.) ; — i tauba-t, repentance ; confession of sins. ( J>y) taubal, INF. 6 , put seasoning into the cooldng-pot. Jiy taubal, pi. tawdbil, herbs for seasoning. cyy tdt, mulberry ; mulberry-tree. fy tawattur, tension ; stiffness. eUiy tiitnidj, a dish of vermicelli (Pers.). (^y tiitun, tobacco (Turk.). ^jy tiitiyd', philosopher's atone; smoke of huts ; zinc. 25 «yy 194 ¥ •i^jy tautid, INF. II. of (•^}), ram- ming in pegs ; priapism. kijy ^;s=uLjy ti'd, mulberry. >-:-»y> taicas^ub, assault, v. (^t-j'j). j/y ff'sur, pi. t((iC(i^tr, ta'dsir, military escort of the tax- gatherer ; beadle ; iron for branding the soles of a camel. (ey) fi'ij, V, INF. tavj, get crowned ; — II. INF. tau'ij, crown ; — v. inf. tatawwuj, get crowned. sy ''!/; quince (Pers.) ; bronze, brass (Turk.). A=-y tawajjuh, inf. v. of i'^}), turning towards, &c. ; kind at- tention, favour, 2)1. -("it, marks of favour. &«^y taujlli, INF. II. of ("W-^), turn- ing towards, &c. ; pi. - u> INF. /(Y'«7i (also E^' Wj), touch anything swollen or dip into anything soft (finger). ^y tawahhum, being unwhole- some, V. ii*^}). j»*=-y taiihim, soiling, polluting, II. (,*^^)- ii=-y tauhiya-f, message, trans- mission. JJy tu'ada-f, tii'da-t, sedateness, steadiness; deliberateness; quiet deportment. Ajoy taudiya-t, pi. tawddi, dwarf ; sending ; guidance, ii. of (<^>J;). (jy) tdr, V, INF. *»y tauqit, fixing a time, ii. 5«iy tauqi', INF. II. of i^'}), dropping, &c. ; pi. tawdqi', royal signet ; seal ; notion, idea. &sJ«y tauqiya-t, protection, guard, II. (^,). uMf taukdf, eaves. ■^f tavhaJ, INF. II. of (J^j), making firm, &c. ; pi. taivdkid, confirmation ; ratification ; em- phasis ; girths. (Jy) '''^) u, INF. taul, practice sorcery ; — ii taula-t, tula-t, iiiwala-t, calamity ; — tuwala-t, tiwala-t, love-spell ; magic. ^/ tula, uL^'iy tiUdt, misfortune, calamities. ^! iy taulah, pi. tawdlih, foal of > («\ umm taulah. an ass ; calf she-ass gSy taulaj, lair of a wild beast, den. (a>i!y tawaldun, childishness, child- ish tricks. g\f tau'am, twin ; — tnm, garlic ; ■ — ii ti'ima-t, pi. tihn, tu'am, pearl; ear-ring with a large pearl ; egg of the ostrich ; ^ (>\ iiinm ti'ima-t, mother of pearl ; ostrich ; — tau'ama-t,o^QTa. vehicle for women. ;^y ti'imdr, roll, book, volume (Pers.). y^y tfimdn, a Persian gold coin ; 10,000 men. j4/*y tu'muriyy, somebody, any- body. y^y tawammun, number of chil- dren. )yif tu'mnr, somebody, anybody; pi. j^\j ta'dmir, stone to mark the road in the desert. i_j'y tiima, Thomas ; — i taumi\i-t, wink, sign C^y). (yy) tiin, leathern game-board ; — i zil ; — fi, (m.) tea ; — t<'iyy, write a •^ i. Wi' taiji/n, the little one, f. dim. of \i 1,1 cWi tayyilk, a lively horse, walking sideways. jUi' tayydr, pi. -dt, wave which breaks and dissolves ; the deep ; bleeding vein ; astonished ; pompously dressed uj). ■X^ tayydz, short and thick-set ; dwarf ; strong ; sower. y-W tayyds, who keeps he- goats ; du. tayijdsdii, name of two stars; fiydn, INF. III. of (u-^). iiUi' tiydqa-t, longing, desire, inf. of (o/)- ci)Ui' ta.yydk, cdJWs tayijdJiJc^zLJ tayijd. fXS) iai'ani, twin-brother. yV^- tayijd)), seller of figs. 4LJ tayydh, proud ; gone astray, lost. " jtt\^ iaijdihir, ytfi'^ taydhlr, pi. of )jit? iaihiir. J~o' taital=J'-J: ■:aital, ^^ saisal, old male chamois. yUs-i' ii'jdn, crowns, pi. of e^' tdj. (j^-) tdh, I, inf. taih, be ready ; move to and fro in walking ; go astray, wander ; — iv. inf. Hd/in-t, make ready, set on foot; decree, measure out to (J '0' destine, appoint, allot. yWi' tnyyahdn, who talks about things which do not concern him ; = c^^' tayydh. (^) t,1f;, I, INF. taih, cudgel. (ji-i) tfild, gentleness, mildness, kindness; c^ixj' taida-Jai, gently! (j^) tdr, I, swell, billow. ;->' fir, pride; haughtiness; head- beam ; desert, wilderness ; — iiyar, yJ ti'ar, pi. of 'j^J' tdra-t; tiyar-an, often, many times. '-j\pS tairdb, vv^' fa i rah, earth, ground. (jti') fdz, I, INF. tayazdn, die; — INF. faiz, contend for victory; — III. INF. mufdi/azn-t, id.; — v. INF. tatayyuz, make high stejjs in walking, have a longing affec- tion for (J^ ila). j-j' fiyyaz, broad-shouldered ; — fa'iz, with strong sinews. yU-i' taya::dn, dying, death, inf. of(y). (^J-^) tais, pi. fuyds, afyds, tiya- sa-t, matyi'sd', he-goat ; obsti- nate, restive, refractory ; block- head ; name of a star ; — tayas, shape of horns Hke those of a he-goat ; — hence : ii. fayyas, inf. tafyis, tame, break in ; — III. INF. fiyds, miifdyasa-t, ex- ercise one's self in a thing; — X. INF. isfitiisa-f, turn into a he-goat ; figuratively, a low- born person attains to a high ofiice ; imitate the voice of a he- goat. ^~-J' taisd', goat with horns like those of a he-goat. ^ — *» faisayia-f, (m.):^i~tr') — -j faisii- siyya-f. _)^~sJ taisur, light step; fatness. (.^^a* 19? A^ iS-«.y~^ taisilsii/ya-t, goat-like, goatish manners ; stubliorn stiffness. ij^ iisa, fie! hyena; — ii taisiyya-t = (!u-.j-wJ taisi'isiyya-f, ; — tisiyya-f, lie. j«~-«» taisir, INF. II. of (;~-j), rendering easy, &c. ; light step (of a horse). (J,>-~j' taistq, good guard ; confine- ment ; consignation to the bar- racks, sequestration. (C**) ^'''' i> INF. /(/(■', toya', iaya'dn, come or flow out ; be fluid, flow ; melt (n.) ; go, depart ; hasten up ; long for ; infest the roads ; take away ; dip bread into butter, milk, &c., and suck them up ; — ii. inf. tatyi', id. ; — iv. inf. ita'a-t, vomit ; vomit repeatedly ; — v. inf. tatayyu', be prone to evil ; — VI. INF. tatdyu', id. ; persist in evil ; persist in a thing against general opinion ; im- portune ; rise and stand up- right ; move the shoulders in walking ; raise and blow about dust or dry leaves; — x. inf. istiti'i'a-t, be able. ^ tayyi', yU^ tayya'dn, prone to evil ; quick, swift ; • — * ti'a-t, herd of 40 heads and above, of which one is to be sacrificed. ^>«fti' tai'it, alarm-cry. jW' tlgdr, water- jug; freely- bleeding wound. j\JlJ taifdq, tifdq, opposite ; — tifdq, time=v5^y taufdq. ^«£> ta'iffa-t, time and opportunity. (,3£>') ta'iq, a, inf. ta'q, be full ; be full of grief or anger ; — iv. inf. it'dq, fill ; bend the bow to the full length of the arrow. (3»' ta'iq, hasty, passionate, rash ; bold, sharp; lively; malicious; irascible. (j^' tayyiqdn, impetuous, im- pulsive. tV tayaqquz, waking, lucubration, V. (fsi). if taim, slave ; name of a tribe ; — ta'ini, twin-brother ; — » ti'ma-t, thiia-t, a sheep kept at home for time of need ; a sheejj belonging to a herd of 40 or above ; talisman. W fahiuV, desert ; at-taimd', con- stellation of the Twins. (;>♦«» taiman, the south ; — ^ taiinaniyy, Arabia felix, Taman ; — tayammvu, inf. v. of (y^i!), belonging to Taman, &c. ; blessing of God ; success ; felicitation. y«i' tin, s, fig; — i tiiia-t, the buttocks. W tind' (preceded by jfl= lih), Mount Sinai. yW' tlndv, wolf. ("M) tdli, I, INF. taih, tih, be lost in the desert, wander in be- wilderment ; be proud, haughty ; extend far and rise high ; relax, grow dim ; — ii. inf. tatyili, lead astray, destroy, min ; (m.) cause one to be absent-minded, divert one's attention. iS-i' taih, tih, pi. atydh, atdwih, atdwiha-t, desert in which one is wandering ; at-tih, the wilder- ness of the Israelites ; — tih, pride, haughtiness. W taihd', desert. yW taihdn, wandering in the desert ; — tayahdn, inf. of (iLo) ; — tayyahdn, tayyihdn, haughty. E)9i? taihuj, grey variety of jjart- ridge. jjifj taihur, pi. taydhir, taydhir, dangerous desert ; vast plain ; At^ 198 J^^ low ground ; quicksand, river- sand; haughty, arrogant; out of senses ; — » taihura-t, plain, field. i)9i!> taihuwa-t, whirlpool. j^^' taiwiyy, terminating in cu . ,*Ssi' tai'am, twin-brother. ii> s ; as a numerical sign=500. e^^' sa"dj, (roarer) lion. So^U' sa'dda-t, fatness, plumpness ; clumsiness. o-iU' si'ibif, 5 , standing firm ; con- stant, persevering ; certain, sure ; stiff, rigid ; of a strong intellect ; safe (animal in walk- ing) ; — S sdbita-t, pi. mwilhit, fixed star. kio^' sabha-t=^&^}^ sdbha-i, girl, damsel. ^jjU' sitbiq, overflowing ; liberal, generous. (U'U') sa'sa', INF. i , allow to drink its fill (a camel), and, by op- ]30sition, allow to be thirsty ; drink, and, by opposition, be thirsty ; prevent, detain, repel ; get appeased, subside ; remove, take away ; extinguish (a.) ; — II. INF. y^' iasa's'u', fear ; intend a journey and then prefer stay- ing at home. (e^) ;'«'aii u, INF. m'j, bleat ; roar. oVj sa'd, moisture, dew, wet ground ; cold ; fa' ad, abomi- nations ; inconvenient place ; — ii fa'ada-t, plump (woman) ; — sai'ida-t, plumpness, fatness. \oU' sa'diV, maid-servant; stupid girl; "^ {^'^ ibii sa\li', weak- ling. (jU) so'a;-. A, INF. sa r, take revenge upon or for (ace. or vt" 61) ; take revenge upon (ace.) or for (v» 60 ; seek revenge upon ; — IV. INF. is'iir, and vili. INF. issi'i'ir, obtain revenge ; — X. INF. isti'dr, seek assistance for the purpose of taking re- venge. jU' sa'r, pi. as'iU; dsdr, fci d'ir, su'iii; sardt, revenge for mur- der ; murderer of him who is to be revenged ; sa'rdf, viJ^^ yd a^-sa'rdt, ".S-U^ yd U's-sa'rdt, revenge ! let us take revenge ! — ii sdrra-t, talkative woman. t*j sa't, INF. of i}"^) ; — ' sa'fa-t, pi. sa't, thin black mud ; a stinging insect. \iVj- sa'/<(' = \jU- sa'dd'. gU' sd'-in (^V» 5(7'?), who jjelts with stones, accuses, reveals a crime or profits by it ; — * ^d'a-t, vomiting. fti^j sdgiiu, white, whitish. (j^^ -5"'!/' (t^ ^dg-in), part. a. of ()*^) ; — ' sdgiya-t, sheep. Ji^' sdjij, dregs, sediment ; excre- ments ; anything stinking. <-T-N»^' sdqih, p. a. of (v-«») ; planet Saturn ; beggar ; a she-camel abounding in milk. Jj>^' sdqil, pi. sawdqil, heavy, weighty ; over-burdened, op- pressed, molested. J^^' sdtk-il, pi. saicdkil, without friends or children, bereaved. vi-J^i- sdlis, i, third; a third (unconcerned) person, mediator, arbitrator; — fdlls-an, in the third place ; — S s,!Jisa-f, tierce. y-iW' fdlhi'in, thirtieth. gJ^' sdJij, icy cold. (J!^) i»7(7, pass, and 11. tasa'lal, INF. tasa'lul, be disfigured by warts. <^y*j" sdlus, trinity. J^' 199 iJ'^saU, third. I J«l^' sa^ilil, warts, pi. of J^y : su'lill. y^ sdmir, fruit-bearing ; pea ; blossom of the sorrel. J-^' so mil, rusty sword ; delightful habitation. (:y^ sihuin, eighth ; U^U sdmin-an, e^ in the eighth place, (t)^'), VI. tasd'aii, tasiiwan, inf. tasii'un, surround the game with nets ; overcome by stratagem, outwit, y^' sdn-in, ^jiU' double ; UiW' second place ; J^aJl ^\i s J^ say.. sdni, i, second, sirniy-aii, in the _' " s((rtt l-hnl, in future, henceforth ; <_4!sc ^\j sdut 'aff, proud ; sdni- ya-t, pi. sawdni, a second — s(hii, p. a. of (t_^). ui^\i suhit, gullet ; diaphragm. ^ sa'w, weakness; leanness; — S sa'u'ci-t, old lean sheep ; small rest; — sdwa-t, sheep-fold. ( sa'an, spoil, deteriorate ; bring about mischief; break or deteriorate the seams of a leathern bag ; — IV. INF. is'd', wound and kill savagely. sa'an, destruction; crime; wounding ; murder ; — sa'-an, scars ; — also » sdya-t, pi. sdy, sheep-fold ; road- mark. ^W sd'ija-t, pi. -dt, sawd'ij, bleat- ing ; roaring. f^ sd'ir, vengeance, revenge; anger ; malice ; revenging ; vindictive ; — p. a. of (j^), dusty. >T^' sib, jump! &c., imp. of (s-jj) ; — 6 suba-t, middle of a well or pond ; pi. sahdt, suhiln, ashiya-t, asdhi, herd ; troop of men (up to eleven). r-ji) sabh, INF. sabdh, sit firm ; be completed. V sabdt, firmness ; durability ; perseverance ; proof, demon- stration ; INF. of (<-W') ; — sibdt, string or girth for fastening; (' INF. III. of (,^).—subdt, disease impeding the movements ; pi. of ^ suba-t. ;W^ sibdr, persevering, diligence, III. (_^); ^\ J^ 'aia's-sibdr, nearly finished. oW»' sibdn, inf. of ((^) ; = ^-i-j' subna-t. (u:^') sabat, Tj, INF. sabdf, subilt, stand firm and permanentlv ; persist ; not allow of elision (grammatical letter) ; — sabuf, INF. sabdta-f, subitta-t, be firm of character and courageous ; — II. INF. tasbit, make firm, strong ; be very persevering and enduring; exhort to per- severance ; keep in confine- ment ; register, note down ; prove, demonstrate ; (m.) con- firm (in the religious sense) ; — III. INF. musdbata-t, sibdt, know for a certainty ; — iv. inf. isbdt, make firm and strong ; know for certain ; confirm, attest ; inform accurately, give a precise answer ; write down ; register one's name ; prove ; wound severely, keep in con- finement ; — V. INF. tasabbiit, take a fixed residence ; be strengthened, fortified ; perse- vere ; hesitate ; oppose per- sistently ; complete, achieve, carry through ; (m.) receive the confirmation ; — viii. inf. istibdt, be strengthened, forti- fied ; — X. iNP. istisbdt, be kept confined ; persevere ; behave with patience and mildness ; hesitate ; do gradually ; ask for reliable information or safe advice ; find true ; verify ; make firm and strong. sabt, firm; resolute; perse- vering ; brave, hero ; — sabat, endurance, jjerseverance ; proof, demonstration ; a trustworthy man ; list, register. -.M) sabsab, inf. i , sit firm. (g-») sabaj, V, inf. sabj, speak or 200 write indistinctly ; — I, inf. sahj, sit on one's toes with the buttocks on thr heels ; — il. INF. tadiij, speak or write in- distinctly ; — XI. INF. i^hijilj, be full ; be fat and flabby. g-y sabaj, pi. ashiij, space between the shoulders ; middle and larger part ; indistinctness of speech or writing ; a bird ; — 'i sahaja-t, moderate; indifferent. (^&i-»), ^JsiJ'^ ishajarr, inf. ishijrni; desist from fear ; slacken in an undertaking and not carry it out ; be perplexed, confused ; run away and fart (ass) ; turn back, retreat ; flow. (;-») sabar, v, inf. sabr, keejj one to a thing ; retain, prevent, turn from ; disappoint ; curse ; drive away ; ebb ; — inf. sttbiir, perish; ruin; — sabir, a, inf. sabar, burst (tumour) ; — ii. inf. tasbir, keep one to a thing; prevent from ((^ 'f"0 ^ — III. INF. musnbara-t, sibur, persevere with diligence ; — vi. INF. tasabur, rush against each other ; — xi. inf. isbirdr, find a thing difficult and desist. y^ sabr, ebbing of the sea ; — » sabra-f, level ground ; a kind of chalk ; ditch, water-ditch ; — subra-t, a heap of corn on the threshing-floor. (kfi') sabat, u, inf. sabt, prevent, delay ; — inf. sabt, sabat, swell ; — INF. sabat, direct another's mind to a thing ; — sabit, a, INF. sabat, be weak, slack, in- dolent, stupid; — II. INF. tasbit, prevent ; weaken and relax ; — IV. INF. isbdf, keeji in continual confinement ; — v. inf. tasabbiit, fix one's mind continually on a thing ; hesitate. (i3^) sabaq, i, inf. sabq, shed tears ; — inf. sabq, iasbciq, flow fast and with masses of water ; pour out ; — INF. siibuq, be full ; — VII. INF. insibdq, break suddenly upon ; pour out a flood of words. (3-.> sabq, sibq, jjl. siibiiq, what has been torn off. (J-j) suM, sabal, small remainder of a fluid in a vessel. (yJ) saban, I, inf. sabn, sibdn, stitch together, sow a seam ; put into the bosom of a dress and carry along ; — iv. inf. isbdii, make a bosom in the dress for carrying; — v. inf. tabass/iic = l. ; — 6 subna-t, pi. S2than, sack, bag ; bosom in a dress. >^f^ siibiit, firmness ; proof; incon- testability. (e^) ?W> ^. INF. sajj, snjr,j, flow abundantly ; pour out, spill ; — VII. INF. iiisij'Jj, flow; be poured out. e* ^"i/i blood flowing from a victim ; — S sajja-t, fine garden or park with ponds. sM sajjdj, who pours out or spills much ; pouring heavy rain ; torrent. (&*=?*)> II' '"f clay-pit. »j\y sarrdra-f, overflowing well, (vy) sarab, i, inf. sarb, rebuke, fall foul upon {^J^ 'ala) ; un- dress a sick person ; — ii. inf. tasrib, rebuke, fall foul upon; chide ; fold, wrap up ; — iv. inf. isrdb, rebuke ; be very fat. S-y sarb, pi. suritb, asrub, asdrib, fat of the bowels ; caul of the bowels ; ruin ; — » sarba-t, pi. sarb, sirdb, tail ; fat of the tail. V>/ sarbd', f. fat. ui>V>y sarabdt, pi. fingers. (*»y) surtum, pi. sardtim, remain- ders of food in a dish. 36 jV>j> sarsdr, i , garrulous ; — 8 sarsdra-t, garrulous woman ; overflowing, gushing. (yy) sarsar, inf. S , disperse, divide ; be talkative, garrulous ; eat much ; mingle together ; — » sarsara-t, garrulity. Sjyy sursura-t, overflowing. (jy) sarad, rr, inf. sard, break bread to dip it into the broth, &c. ; dip the cloth into the dye ; castrate by squashing the testicles ; kill the victim with- out cutting its throat ; — ii. INF. tasrid, id. ; pass, be carried from the battle-field with broken limbs; — XV. inf. isrindd', be fleshy on the chest (also is- rintd'). oy sard, light rain ; — sarad, rent, cleft ; — surud, pi. of ■iif sarid ; — i surda-t, pieces of bread steeped in broth, &c. ; mess. (ty) sarat, i, u, inf. sart, scold, rebuke. ty sart, fluid manure ; paste, glue ; stupidity. (iltji) sarfala-t, flaccidity ; relaxed- ness ; slackness. (^y) sarfam, inf. » , be silent while in company ; be exceed- ingly fat. isty sirti'a-t, short and thick-set. (gy ) sari', a, inf. sard', importune, intrude. (Ley) sur'u(, thin and fluid. (ficy) sur'ula-t, feathers on the throat of a cock. (i/.VEy) sirgdma-t, woman ; wife. (l«y) sarim, A, inf. saram, have broken or decayed teeth, suffer from the falling out of teeth ; — saram, i, inf. sarin, break another's teeth ; — iv. inf. is- rdin, cause the teeth to fall out (illness) ; — vii. inf. in- sirdm, have broken or decayed teeth, be gap-toothed ; be broken out (tooth). ff sarm, Buppression of the first 202 15/ and fifth letters of a foot in poetry. Uy sarmd', f. of ^y^ asram, tooth- less, gap-toothed. (x.y) sarmad, inf. ' , under-do the meat, or soil it with ashes. iwy sirmit, big sheep; — suramit and 5 surmuta-t, thin mud or clay. (Uy) sarmat, inf. 5 , be muddy or composed of thin clay (ground) ; chew audibly ; — iv. isrimdt, be inflated (leathern pipe) ; be overcome and swell with anger. (J-«y) sarmal, inf. ', ease the bowels ; eat meat ; under-do the meat, &c., or not clean it from the ashes ; eat in an untidy manner ; bungle, huddle up ; — 2 surmula-t, she-fox, fox ; dimple between the upper-lip and nose ; remains of food or a fluid in a vessel. (yy) sarin, A, inf. saran, vex or injure friends and neighbours. (^^y"), IV. isramiaj, inf. isrimhdj, be roasted and dried up on the surface (skin of a sheep). (^y) sard, tj, inf. sard', be nu- merous, multiply ; (n.) possess a greater number of cattle ; — INF. sarw, make numerous, multiply (a.) ; be lit by the Pleiades and the moon as well (night) ; — sari, a, inf. saran, be rich in cattle, be wealthy ; have a sufficiency ; rejoice ; — IV. INF. isrd, be rich in cattle, be wealthy ; — ' sarwa-t, plenty ; wealth, riches. \jy sarwd', f. of (^y^ asra, rich. y^^y sarwdn, f . sa riva, very rich ; — sarawdn, du. of (^y saran. 6o^y sariida-t, bread to be steeped in broth, &c. J}/ siirCtr, abounding in milk ; — INF. of (y) ; — pi. ofy sarr. ij)f sarwa, f. of o^j/ sarwdn. (tsy) sari, A, inf. saran, be moist and softened ; — ii. inf. tas- riya't, moisten; sprinkle; put ^) 203 the hands into moist ground ; — IV. INF. isrd', be very moist ; contain much water ; thoroughly wet the ground. y£f saran, du. sarawdn, saraydn, pi. asrd, moisture (du. of the air and the ground) ; earth, ground, humus ; anything good or pleasant ; — sariyy, 'i , moist ; rich, abundant ; — sariyya-t, ground, humus. ky saryd, moist ground ; f . of iSf^ asra, rich ; — surayyd, the Pleiades ; chandelier, lustre. ^'^.y sirydta-t, watery mud. t)V sarydn, moist ; — saraydn, du. of ^sf saran. •*i/ sarid, * sarida-t, pi. sard'id, su- rud, pieces of bread to be steeped in broth, &c. ; bread-soup. (u^) §a^^, INF. sais, compress a leathern bag or pipe to expel the air. (!=») satt, I, u, INF. satt, satat, satdta-t, su{iUa-t, have little hair on the chin, cheeks and brows ; — IT, ease the bowels. !=» satt, i , pi. sitdt, sitata-t, suttdn, astdt (atldt), having little hair on the chin, the cheeks, or the brows. (UaS) sata', A, INF. sat', tread down ; — sati', a, inf. satd', be very stupid ; — » satdt, stu- pidity. t^ satdt, pi. of 1=» satt ; — S , satdta-t, inf. of (i=>). gUaJ sutd', cold, catarrh ; — ^^ sutd- 'iyy, having a cold. (jjUaj suttdn, pi. of 1=» satf. !=!=» satat, inf. of Q^) ; — i* sitata-t, pi. of 1» satt. (^') sata'. A, INF. sata'a-t, ease the bowels ; be polluted by blood or excrements, so as to render the prayer ineffectual; appear, become visible ; pass, have a cold ; — ii. inf. tasti', break into pieces. (^siL»), ii sat'ama-t, eminent gift of speech, highest eloquence ; — II. INF. tasafum, surpass in eloquence. (<_4!a>) sa{af, abundance and ease in consequence of a plentiful year. (y=») sa(d, V, INF. satw, place the foot on the ground, make a step ; ease the bowels ; — viii. INF. istitd', be relaxed. &ifa sutu(a-t, INF. of (!=»). ((J=») sati. A, INF. safy, be very stupid. ^J^ safi (!» sat-in), very stupid ; — saly, great stupidity ; — sufa, pi. spiders. (5*) sa", I, INF. sa", vomit ; — vii. INF. insi'd', break forth. s-yrfVaJ sa'dbib, pi. streams of pure water. y-rfUJ sa'dhin, pi. of yW«» sa'hdn. JUJ su'ril, she-fox ; a small worm ; — S su'dla-t, she-fox ; fox, like Eeynard ; hay ; night- shade (plant) ; — <^ su'dli, pi. of <-:-»l«' sa'lab. &^\ji su'dma-t, adulteress. (s-«>) sa'ah, A, inf. sa'h, make flow ; shed ; — VII. inf. insi'ab, be shed; flow; — viii. inf. is- si'db, flow. s-<« sa'b, sa'ah, flowing, fluid ; pi. yUw su'bdn, watercourse of a valley ; — 8 su'ba-t, su'aba-t, pi. su'ab, a venomous lizard ; mouse ; rat ; name of a tree. yU«j subdn, pi. y^V«i' sa'dhin, large serpent; boa; dragon; basilisk; — pi. of s-^ sa'b, sa'ab. (gijo) sa'sa', pearl; mother of pearl ; — 5 sa'sa'a-t, stammering ; vomiting. (gjo) sa'aj, troop of travellers. ly^) sa'jar, inf. 8 , pour out ; — IV. INF. is'injdr, be poured out. (j^^), IV. INF. is'injdh, flow copi- ously and continuously. Jju sa'd, soft dates of a bad quality ; soft, fresh. (yo), IV. INF. is'dr, spy, spy out Ijyu) sa'rar, inf. » , be split. 204 ^ j}f" su'rur, short thick-set man ; wart ; a small cucumber. (W) sa'it, A, INF. sa'at, get cor- rupted and smell badly (water, &c.) ; have a bad smell ; decay, putrify ; swell and be split (lips) ; — II, INF. tas'it, pound, crush. Ui' sa't, corrupted meat ; — ii sa'ta-f, bad egg. (J*') §a,'il, A, INF. sa'al, grow one over another (teeth) ; — iv. inf. is'dl, be numerous, throng ; ob- struct, oppose ; be high (wages) ; be a matter of importance and perplexing. J«» su'l, sa'al, overgrown tooth ; — sio'l, contemptible ; a worm. ^ sa'ld', f. of J»jA as'al, having overgrown teeth. >^-l«» sa'lab, pi. sa'dlib, sa'iUi, fox (\*i\ lis m'labu-'l-mn-i, otter) ; head-piece of a spear ; ali- mentary canal ; outlet (of water) ; root of the palm-tree ; — s sa'laha-t, she-fox ; the buttocks, rump. JjUi' sa'lnl, overgrown tooth ; angry. (^) sa'am, a, lift up, take away ; — V. tasa"um, please, be agree- able. ^ sa'w, soft unripe dates. v>j«J su'i'tb, gall, bitterness. Jj** sa'iU, equipped (army). W«> sa'it, moving sand, quick- sand. <5r>*' sa'ya-t, famine. &-i**» su'ailiba-t, baldness (m.). ^ sug, name of an idiot. Uj sugd', division of the lips ; cries of a woman in child-birth. (v_-*») sagab. A, inf. sagb, pierce ; slaughter; — sa'ib, A, inf. sa- gab, melt (a.) ; — v. inf. tasaggub, bleed (n.). >■,-*» sagb, pi. sigdb, asgdh, cold running water in a valley shaded water; mountain-lake — sagab, pi. sigbdn, rngbdn, id. thaw. gVi*» sagsdg, stammerer. (^i*») sagsag, inf. ^ , utter a con- fused speech, stammer ; bite (toothless child) ; examine, in- vestigate. ^i«» sagsag, stammering (adj.). (yu) sagar, a, inf. sagr, break, blunt ; (m.) make a breach ; by opposition, stop a rent or hole ; occupy a mountain-pass against (^J^^ 'ala) the enemy ; break another's front teeth ; — pass, lose the teeth ; be hit on the mouth ; — iv. inf. isgdr, lose, or, by opposition, get the front teeth (child) ; pass, be hit on the mouth ; — viii. inf. issigdr, ittigdr, iddigdr, get the front teeth. }*i sagr, pi. sugur, separated, dis- persed ; mouth; lips; row of teeth ; front tooth ; mountain- cleft, pass ; stronghold ; boun- dary ; name of a tree ; best grass ; — i sugra-t, pi. sugar, cavity of the throat ; cleft ; mountain-pass ; plain road ; breach in a wall. v^' sigrib, yellow teeth. )}}" sugrilr, boundaries (against an enemy). ^' sagim, sporting dog. (^) |fl^S"', T^, inf. sugd', bleat ; — IV. INF. ifgd\ cause to bleat ; give a sheep to another, or slaughter it in his honour. (U>) safa'. A, INF. saf, diminish the boiling of a kettle. Uj' suffd', mustard-seed ; mustard ; cress. i^Va/. i^Vij safdja-i mafdja-t, very stupid. ijijUS' mfdrlq, pi. of o^yJJ sufriiq. xjUJ safdfid, piles of white clouds ; underclothing ; secrets. J^ safdl, slow; — sifal, S sifdla-f, bolting cloth ; water-pot ; — si/dl, sufdl, the lower mill- stone. d^) io,fa'j, u, INF. safj, be stupid, foolish. 205 s-» (•^), II. saffad, INF. tasfid, line (clothes). (/*) sot/r, sw/r, womb of an ani- mal ; — safr, safar, pi. as far, crupper, hindmost strap of the saddle ; — hence : ii. sajfar, inf. tasfir, drive from behind ; — iv. INF. isfdr, id. ; put the hind- most strap to a saddle or tighten it ; show to be near giving birth (goat) ; — x. inf. istisfdr, be breeched ; put the tail between the legs (dog) ; — » sufra-t, hair of the arm- pits. (li/*); !!• INF. tasafruq, not curdle (milk). ^|j);i> sufrilq, pi. safdriq, pedicle of a date or grapes. (JA>) safal, V, INF. safl, settle, sink, have a sediment ; put a bolting-cloth under the mill- stone ; disperse ; — il. inf. tasfil, eat anything in milk ; have much sediment ; — iii. INF. musdfala-t, eat solid food (corn, &c.) without milk ; be continually at a person's apron- strings ; — IV. INF. isfdl, have a sediment ; — v. inf. tasafful, hold back from what is good (wicked disposition). Ji> svjl, dregs, sediment ; solid food (without milk ; safil, who eats such); — sujl, s-ifl, bolting- cloth, bolter ; — safal, slow. ((^) safari, i, inf. safn, push, push back ; follow, overtake ; — safin, A, INF. safan, get callous ; — III. INF. nmsdfana-t, be always at a person's apron strings ; help, assist ; — iv. inf. isfdn, make callous ; — » safina-t, pi. -dt, safun, callous parts of the chest, knees, hind legs (of a camel) ; lower edge or seam ; plenty, heap, crowd. (y^') safd, u, INF. safw, ^ safa, I, INF. safy, follow ; chase, drive away (also ii. and iv.) ; — ii. INF. tasfiya-t, and iv. inf. isfd', prop the kettle, &c., with three stones, put it on a tripod ; — iv. marry three wives ; — v. inf. tasaffi, hold back from what is good (wicked disposition) ; — S sufwa-t, small bowl or basin, pan. ^> safa, see (^'). (3» siq, imp. of (3>j wasiq, trust, rely, &c. ; — S siqa-t, confidence, trust ; tie ; — i^ &> siqa-t niqa-t, trustworthy ; pi. as-siqdt, the familiar companions of Muham- mad ; INF. of (O's)- y^\li siqab, pi. suqub, chips, dry twigs, stubble, dung (for mak- ing fire) ; plane ; — « saqdha-t, siqdha-t=^^ saqdfa-t. wi^' saqdf, very prudent ; — siqdf, contest, emulation, iii. (<-iS) ; — pi. suquf, instrument for straightening lances and polish- ing ; plane ; — 5 saqdfa-t, sagacity, intelligence, wit, refinement. JV» saqdl, heavy ; grave, serious, sedate ; slow ; — suqdl, clumsy ; shunned, avoided, & pi. ;■ — siqdl, pi. of J«fl> saqil ; — s saqdla-t, heaviness, clumsiness, pon- derousness ; morosity ; molesta- tion, trouble, grief ; sultriness ; INF. of (J"). (■.--aJ) saqah, v, inf. saqb, pierce, bore, make holes ; penetrate ; seize with the mind ; — inf. suqub, burn ; shine ; rise, spread ; abound in milk ; pene- trate ; — saqub, inf. saqdha-t, be intensely red ; — ii. inf. tasqib, pierce repeatedly, riddle ; light a fire ; show itself (grey hair) ; — iv. inf. isqdh, light a fire; render shining, resplen- dent ; — V. INF. tasaqqub, get pierced, torn, corroded, lit; pierce, light ; — vii. inf. insiqdh, get pierced, torn. >—.£> saqb, suqb, i , pi. asqub, suqub, asqdb, perforation, hole ; 206 f^ — suquh, pi. of v^' siqdh ; — 8 suqha-t, j)!. suqub, suqh, canal. ((jifij) saqsaq, inf. s , talk stupidly or foolishly. (jo>), V. tasaqqar, inf. tasaqqur, be shaken, shake (n.), tremble. (<_6aj) sa^i/, A, INF. saj/, saqaf; saquf, INF. saqnfa-t, have a sharp penetrating intellect ; be clever and successful ; surpass in in- tellect ; — saqif, A, inf. saqaf, meet, reach, seize, take hold of ; understand ; obtain, find ; — II. INF. tasqif, straighten a lance, make straight again ; educate, refine ; correct ; — iii. INF. niusdqafa-t, vie and sur- pass in penetration ; inf. siqiif, dispute in a haughty manner ; — IV. INF. isqctf, pass, get into one's own power ; — vi. INF. tasdquf, quarrel with each other. •-^ ^*2/) i^lft saqif, saquf, sharp, penetrating, active. (ji>) saqal, u, inf. saql, estimate the weight, weigh, make two things equal in weight; put a weight on; — saqul, inf. saqd- la-t, siqal, be heavy, weighty; molest (^J^ 'ala) ; be troubled in body and mind ; be hard of hearing ; feel pregnant ; be full of sap; — II. INF. tasqil, deem or declare a thing to be diflHcult ; make heavy, lay a weight on ; surfeit the sto- mach ; burden, molest, annoy ; weigh to ; — IV. INF. isqiil, make one carry a heavy bur- den ; press upon, oppress ; grieve ; feel pregnant ; — vi. INF. tasiiqui, be heavy, pon- derous ; be a burden ; bend from heaviness to the earth ; gravitate ; find a thing too difficult and desist ; refuse help ; — X. INF. islisqiU, find or be heavy, ponderous, trouble- some. J« saql, luggage, baggage; — siql, pi. asqdl, weight, burden; heaviness ; weightiness ; trouble- someness ; — saqal, pi. asqdl, luggage, baggage; retinue, ser- vants, family ; overload ; of great value ; du. as-saqaldn, men and demons ; — siqal, heaviness, ponderousness, inf. of ( Je») ; — siiql (also ^' SU- qald'), pi. of J,i» saqil ; — * saqla-t, saqala-t, heaviness, trouble ; indigestion, surfeit ; — saqla-t, tiredness ; heaviness in the limbs ; molestation ; i-j\i31 iUiJl as-saqla-t az-zdtiyya-t, the specific weight ; — saqila-t, siqala-t, saqala-t, luggage, bag- gage. ^ v^^' saqub, pi. suqub, fuel ; — suqub, pi. of s-aJ' saqb ; INF. of (>-;-»»). 4j«» suqwa-t, pi. -lit, earthen dish. •■r-^ saqih, abounding in milk ; intensely red. >-o-a» saqif, very sour (»_ita> y\ ahl saqif, vinegar) ; sagacious, penetrating, intelligent ; — siqqif, id. J) sakk, V, INF. sakk, travel, roam about. (cdiiS) saksak, inf. S , be stupid and malicious ; — S saksaka-f, stuj)id woman. ( J^') sal^'il, A, INF. sakal, be bereft ; mourn for ; — iv. inf. iskdl, be- reave ; be bereft. Jii' saki, sakal, death ; destruc- tion, ruin ; bereavement ; — sakil, yKS- sakliin, f. », saWn, pi. sakdla, bereft. (^») sakam, v, inf. sakm, follow the tracks ; persevere in a matter ; dwell, abide, stay ; — sakim. A, INF. sakam, id. 1*^ 207 ^ f^ sakam, middle of the road ; guidance. (.(^) suhn, levelness of the road ; — S sukna-t, pi. sukan, adorn- ment for the neck ; ditch for a fire, ditch, grave ; religious zeal ; standard, flag ; military gather- ing-place ; bevy of birds. J^ sahul, bereft ; pathless. (J>) sail, INF. sail, salal, annihi- late, destroy from the founda- tions ; kill ; overthrow ; throw earth into a well ; make coins ; drop excrements ; — u, inf. sail, remove earth out of a well ; — IV. INF. isldl, have plenty of sheep and wool ; cause to re- store, to rebuild ; restore ; beat out another's teeth ; — v. inf. tasallul, be annihilated, de- stroyed ; — VII. INF. insildl, run together from all sides and fall upon ; break down upon ; — 2 salla-t, pi. silal, sildl, large flock ; gap, breach ; wool mixed •with camel-hair ; also pi. tulal, mud from a well ; great quantity of money ; watering-places ; — silla-t, death, destruction ; — sulla-t, pi. sulal, troop of people; great quantity of money. w'^ salldb, calumniator, slanderer; devil. •4»!W solas, f., S saldsa-t, m., three; — sulds, by threes, triple. W saldsd', suldsd', pi. saldsdwdt, Tuesday ; salds-an, thrice, three times. yy)i> saldsiln, (m.) y^lW' saldsin, thirty ; thirtieth. iJ'iS saldsiyy, referring to three ; — suldsiyy, i , having three radical letters ; — 5 suldsiyya-t, person of highest rank, vizier, &c. gW salldj, seller of ice ; — i sald- ja-t, avalanche of snow ; — j^ suldjiyy, white as snow ; shining, bright. JS* saldl, destruction ; — sildl, pi. of Hi falla-t. (s-^l>) salah, I, inf. salb, rebuke, scold, inveigh against; slander, calumniate ; repel, drive away ; turn back, turn round ; blunt ; spoil ; destroy ; — salib, a, inf. salah, contract (n.), get soiled ; get blunted or spoiled ; — ii. INF. taslib, grow old, toothless, and bald. s-l*' si!7fe, salb, insult ; calumny ; — silb, », pi. asldb, silaba-t, old, toothless, and bald ; pi. sildb, fault, vice ; — silb, salib, vicious ; dirty ; broken ; — salab, dirt ; colic ; — suhib, pi. of sj^^ salub. (liJj) salas, rr, inf. sals, divide into three parts; take the third part of one's property ; — i, inf. sals, come as the third one to two, or as the thirtieth to twenty-nine; — ii. inf. taslis, triple ; declare to be three, do thrice; make triangular ; divide by three ; touch the third string of the lute ; reach the goal as the third ; become three. cJi sils, watering (of a field, &c.) on the third day ; the third foal ; — suls, stilus, pi. aslds, third part ; — salas, f . three ; — salas-an, thrice. ^y^ sulsul, destruction ; — eMl* sulsuldn, silsildn, nightshade (plant) ; hay. ^UiU sulsmdya-t, three hundred (m.).' (_yilj sulusiyy, a large ornamental hand-writing. ( gU) salaj, IT, inf. salj, snow ; macerate ; — inf. suMj, also salij, A, inf. salaj, recover, refresh one's self, be at rest again (after fatigue, &o.) ; — salij. A, inf. salaj, be cheerful, rejoice ; snow ; — ii. inf. taslij, be icy cold, frozen ; — iv. inf. isldj, snow, cover with snow ; be snowy (day) ; get into snow ; get quieted ; rejoice (a.) ; sub- side ; come in digging upon clay. ^ 208 gl»' salj, pi. suMj, snow ; — salj and salij, icy cold, cold. (^) salih, A, INF. saZaA, be soiled, dirtied ; — ii. inf. taslih, soil, dirty. (UjJ saZaf, I, INF. ^aZi, throw dirt at, soil. 1=1» salt, thin excrements. (C^) sa?a', A, INP. saZ', (^) saZajr, A, INF. salg, break a person's head ; sala', (m.) harrow ; — salag, vii. inf. insildg, get broken ; have soft and ripe dates. Ji> salal, destruction; — silal, pi. of ^ salla-t ; — sulal, pi. of iU sulla-t. (^■) salam, i, inf. mini, blunt the edge of a vessel, sword, &c. ; make a breach in a wall ; dis- parage ; — mlim. A, INF. saZam, be blunted ; broken in ; also used actively ; — ii. inp. taslim, blunt much ; — v. inf. tasallum and VII. INF. insilum, passive of the previous. 1^ salm, notch, gap ; suppression of the first letter of a wata-t mafriiq, at the beginning of a foot otherwise perfect ; — salam, breaking of a river- bank; — S sulma-t, pi. sulam, notch, gap ; breach ; split, cleft. (kjj) salma-t, inf. i , be flabby, relaxed. 1=*!^' salmat, tj*ly salmi'it^=-^ salt. s->y' salub, pi. suhib, cavilling, finding fault, criticising (adj.). ^' sulla, fallen greatness. iJi^ salh, third part. ,_sj&*l»' sidaijiyy, a kind of finch (m.): JJi' salil, gurgling or purling of water. (*i) sanim, r, inp. samni, tread down ; restore, amend ; corro- borate ; put into order ; gather ; contain ; wipe with grass ; pull out with the mouth ; eat or gather pell-mell the good and bad ; sweep a room ; — ii. inp. tasmim, tread down; break a dressed bone ; — viii. inf. in- simdm, fall from all sides upon ; melt and blend ; waste away ; grow old and weak. /ti samm-a, yonder ;=: summ-a, then, after that, thereupon ; — summ, household vessels ; ^ j«j 3^ ^' ii md la-hu summ wa-ld rumm, be has nothing whatever; — 8 samma-t, there, yonder; — ■ simma-t, old man ; — summa-t, handful of grass. (Uj) sama', a, inf. sam', offer fat food ; throw truffles into the fat ; break bread and steep it with broth ; dye the beard with henna ; break a person's head ; ease the bowels ; — ■ vii. inf. insimd', be broken. ;Uj' samdr, fruit ; possessions ; — simdr, pi. of ^' samar. JUS' simdl, helper, avenger ; — sumCd, deadly poison ; hole ; — 6 mmdla-t, pi. sumdl, foam, froth ; rest, remainder. yyU> samdnitn (m. {^^*j samanin), eighty. ^ ^j>U» samdni, f., s samdniya-t, m. eight. v=~»i' summat, in poetry =(« summ, then, thereupon. il*^) samsam, inf. i , cover or stop up a vessel ; desist ; leave time for rest; do a thing not well; tie up the leathern bag for buttering ; not bend in striking (sword) ; — ii. inf. tasamsum, desist. ^♦-*j' samsam, spoi'ting-dog. (.S*^) s*»y> confusion ; medley. (A4i) samad, v, find water in a ditch and preserve it there for the time of need ; take every- thing from, exhaust ; give, and, by opposition, demand ; — iv. INF. ism.dd, preserve water for the time of need ; — viii. inp. istimdd, issimdd, drink of such water ; — x. inf. igtismdd, pre- 209 cy serve water ; ask for a little ; — XI. INF. ismiddd, grow fat. •^' samd, samad, water in a ditch preserved for the time of need ; i-emainder of water ; spring which disappears in summer. ()*i) samar, u, inf. sumur, bear fruit ; get rich ; gather brush- wood ; — II. INF. tasmir, cause to bear fruit ; increase, heap up riches ; form buds ; — iv. inf. ismdr, bear fruit ; be fertile ; be or get rich ; purpose ; — x. istismdr, endeavour to make a thing bear fruit or bring ad- vantage ; consider fertile or advantageous ; have the usufruct or profit ; gather. ]*i samar, i , pi. simdr, sumur, asindr, fruit ; produce, gain, advantage, profit ; possessions, riches ; gold, silver ; knot at the top of a whip ; — samir, plentiful, much, many ; — sumr, sumur, plenty of riches ; — ii samara-t, samura-t, pi. -at, fruit- tree ; descendant ; consequence, result ; tip of the tongue ; — samira-t, sweetness ; friendship. (W) samt, thin excrements, mud. (A*«j) sam'ad, handsome ; J**.i/» musma'idd, handsome of face. (t*") samag, v, inf. samg, mingle white with black ; dye deep red ; dip the head repeatedly into henna ; grease the head with oil ; — II. inf. tasmig, rub a person's head with grease, &c. ; — VII. insimdg, get squashed (falling fruit) ; get moist ; — » samga-t, mountain-summit. (J*») samal, i, u, inf. saml, sumill, stay, remain staying ; help, assist, stand by a person ; give food and drink ; eat ; — samil, A, INF. samal, get or be drunk ; stay, remain staying ; II. INF. tasmil, leave (water, &c.) ; raise foam ; trouble the water ; — iv. inf. ismdl, leave water ; have much foam or froth ; have pure milk ; — v. INF. tasamm,ul, drink out en- tirely ; protect, help ; eat. J*i' saml, delay, stay; — samal, id. ; drunkenness ; means of subsistence ; shadow ; — samil, drunk, intoxicated ; in love ; — ■ suml, i , a certain amount of intellect and firmness ; — S sumla-t (sanila-t), pi. sumal, grains and legumes ; oatmeal porridge ; also samala-t, pi. samal, remainder of water ; mud of a well. (U*>) samlaf, inf. !i = (la*i>). (y-w') swman, u, inf. saniii, take the eighth part of a man's property ; levy every eighth man ; — i, be the eighth, come as the eighth to others; — ir. INF. tasmtn, make or be eight- fold, octangular ; (m.) value, estimate, esteem ; — iv. inf. ismdn, consist of eight; water the camels on the eighth day ; pay the price of goods ; (m.) be precious, costly, valuable. (U'*') saman, pi. asmdii, asmun, asmina-t, price, value ; — simn, eight days' thirst of a camel ; — sunin, sumun, pi. asmdn, eighth part. •J^*» samud, sumiid, tribe Samud (Thamud)." J^' samiil, delay, stay. j-!*» samir, i samira-t, butter- milk ; — >i» (^^y ibn samir, moon-lit night ; — ' samira-t, fertile ground. A**«j samiga-t, fluid food with the fat of meat ; moist ground ; wound on the head. Jj.^ samil, sour milk with bread ; watering-place ; also » samUa-t, pi. samd'il, remainder of water; rest, remainder ; house with furniture and beds ; water- reservoir of stone ;=:aUj' sumla-t. (^^ samin, pi. asmun, valuable, precious, costly ; eighth part. ((^■) dnn, dry hay ; blackish and 27 bJ 210 r^ friable sunna-t horse's denda. U» Sana', hadasa-va to us ; - salutation, felicitation ; render- ing the salutation ; praise, and by opposition, blame ; — umi' song, melody courtyard ; pi. — suii(t\ siinrV two, in twos. parts of wood ; — i pi. sunan, hair on a hoof ; abdomen ; pu- abbreviation for Ui.i=^ he told us, related saiiil', pi. asniya-t, rope, string ; of ^ ^ctniyij ; suniV, two and t) \^ densely-grown plants. ViUj sandi/d, pi. of i^ saniyya-t. ii^ sinii ya -t:^^ siinV. ,_3»^' sunu'iyy, having two I'adiL-al letters. (vi^ji) saiiit, A, INF. sciiiat, smell badly, stink ; be relaxed and bleed. u>^ miiif, i , faded; relaxed and bleeding. yli;i' sudiiil, f. two. (iiU.oj siiiti'iya-t, ribald. (J^) ^(-uifal, INF. 6 , get soiled. Jj"j' saiital, i saniala-t, bad egg ; — siutiJ, short ; soiled ; im- potent. ijAjj mndua-t, sundmva-i, pi. sanddi', nipple ; teat. (Li*) sant, cleft, rent. <^f" ^aiiwa, exception; head and feet of sacrificed animals ; — sanawiyy, professing two prin- ciples of creation ; fire-wor- shipper ; — 6 sanawiyya-t, sect of such. ,_ya Sana, I, A, INP. sany, fold ; double ; be the second ; repeat, do a second time ; prevent, avert ; — ii. inf. tasniya-f, double ; bend, turn ; put a word into the dual ; point a letter with two dots ; eat a second time of a dish ; touch the secoiKl string of the lute ; praise or blame ; render thanks ; — IV. INF. imd', praise or blame ; lose the front teeth ; — r. iNf . tasanni, become six years old (camel) ; — vii. inf. insina, turn aside, desist ; come off ; — VIII. INF. i^sini'i', become six years old; — v., vii., viii., be bent, folded ; doubled up ; walk with a bent body, or swinging to and fro ; undulate ; — x. inf. isfh)uV, make an exception or proviso ; swear with a reser- vation ; — XII. imauna, inf. ipiiniT, be bent, folded, doubled up. ^_^ sany, folding (s.) ; — sin.y, pi. asiin, bend, fold, doubling ; double ; second child or foal ; giving birth for the second time (also tinati) ; an hour of the night ; asml. qualities ; — siny, s}ni-an, sin-an, pi. siiiya-f, the second person in the kingdom ; governor ; — sinan, pi. ' sinya-t, anything doubled, repeated ; repetition ; pi. cf/c", asdnhi, Monday ; — mniyy, i, pi. sn»y) sahif, A, INF. sahat, saht, suhat, call, call out to. {^) sahsah, inf. i , melt (u.). (J«») sahii,A, INF. sahal, be spread on the floor. Mif sahmad, tall and stout (wo- man). it> 211 >y (^■) mhrt, u, INF. sahw, be stupid ; — III. INF. SUb>LU musiihit, talk to (ace). (J^y) sah'wad='^f sauJiad. (/), IV. isa', INF. isa't, throw, pelt, shoot ; — 6 samva-t, sutv- wa-t, heap of stones as a road- mark in the desert ; — suwwa-t, pi. suwa-n, household furniture. \y sawcV, inf. of (i^y). s-iV sawdb, reward, recompense ; requital ; punishment ; good work ; honey ; bee ; — sawivdb, dealer in clothes ; keeper of the wardrobe ; — ii mwdba-t, work (of charity) ; — mwdba-t, shoot- ing-star, planet, "i-^^y sawdbit, pi. of ^U' sdbita-t. ^f su'dj, bleating of cattle. )\f saivivdr, herdsman; — siivdi; INF. of (jy). My su'dt, cold, catarrh. <^^y sawdlis, of the third genera- tion. ^\f sawwdla-t, swarm of locusts. fi\f sawwdm, seller of garlic. o'V §.<^wdni, pi. of &a'^' sdniya-t. ^•V f ""'//'') pl' of *Jy ^awiyija-t. ^\f sawd'ij, pi. of &^^' sd'ija-t. (v_>y) sdb, IT, INF. saub, su'db, vy sab, return ; be full or almost full ; — INF. su'b, assemble, gather ; — inf. sawabdu, recover ; — II. INF. taswib, return ; re- ward ; retaliate ; call to prayer or repeat the call ; assume the posture of prayer; increase the number of one's prayers of free will ; — IV. INF. isdba-t, reward ; recover ; fill ; — v. inp. tasaw- wub, say after the prescribed prayer a second one ; — x. inf. istisdba-t, demand a reward ; ask back, vy saub, pi. siydb, aswub, as'ub, aswdb, dress, garment, cloth (t^L£i\ lij sauh ahbdb, v->5*W*> '^ saub habdbib, tattered clothes) ; armour ; coat of the horse ; actions, deeds; heart; protec- tion ; clientship ; UJ\ i±j satibu- 'l-iiid'i, placenta. ^y sii'abd' , yawning (s.). O^y sawabdn, recovery, inf. of (ey) Sty, bleat, for (e^'). ey sauj, basket made of leaves of the palm-tree. (cy) sdh, V, INF. sauh, and — it-') ^*^> '> INF. saih, touch any- thing soft or swollen ; sink in mud. Gy) ^'''''' ^' ^^^- saw, su'i'ir, sawardii, stir and rise; rise and spread ; leap ujj ; rush against, attack ; break out, ap- pear ; flow; — II. INF. taswir, stir up and rouse ; study the meaning of the Koran ; — iii. INF. iiuisdwara-t, siivdr, sjjring or rush against ; — iv. inf. isdra-t, excite, rouse ; provoke a tumult or quarrel ; urge on ; drive the clouds ; frighten ; plough; pass, rise, grow; — v. INF. tasaiowur, stir and rise; ascend; appear ; attack; ^viii. INF. issiydr, id. ; — x. inf. istl- sdra-t, raise dust, hunt up animals ; provoke war or tu- mult, or incite to do so ; be excited ; appear ; call to re- venge. _jy saur, pi. siydr, siwani-t, siya- ra-t, sira-t, sb-iln, bull ; sign of the Bull ; lord, master ; morning, dawn ; white of the nail ; pi. asiodr, siicara-t, large piece of the cream-cheese ^\ aqt ; water-moss ; madness ; stupid; — su'ur, pi. of j^' sa'r, revenge, &o. ;— s su'ra-t, su'ura-t, thirst for vengeance, vindictive- ness ; INF. of (j^') ; — saiu-a-t, large troop ; wealth ; passion- ateness. y^jy sawardii, cloud of dust ; inf. ofOy)- Ji)f su'rnr, policeman ; beadle, (gy) sd', IT, inf. sau', flow. jy 212 (Jy) §"h u, INF. saul, show signs | of iucipient madness ; pour out ; gather (n.) ; — satvil, A, inf. sawal, (m.) be giddy, hare- brained ; — V. INF. tasaivmil, form clusters (swarming bees) ; insult and offer violence ; — VII. INF. insi'dl, pour upon (n.) ; fall upon from all sides ; crowd together; (m.) be giddy, act foolishly. Jy saul, swarm of bees ; crowd ; male bee; — .^awal, St. Vitus's dance; — t^atil, saical, i HOila-t, (m.) giddiness ; — sfd, pi. of jy^ aswal, giddy, &c. Sy saidu', f. of jy^ aswal, giddy, &c. jyy sti'h'tl, pi. sa'iHil, wart. ff i'liii, i , garlic; — ' sihna-t, pommel of a sword. (•iAy) tauhad, i , full and fat and close to puberty. ) sadal (also J~^' saisal), old chamois ; antelope ; impotent ; — INF. i , prove foolish. (t^) &ee (t/)- (as>) sa'id, A, INF. sa'ad, be moist; freeze, be chilled. ASi' sa'id, moist; frozen; — » sa'i- da-t, fleshy. j^ sir, pellicle upon the eye ; — ^ ';** siyara-i, a^j-J sh-i'nt, pi. of jf sanr, bull, (lali) sa'it. A, INF. sa'at, be putrid ; — pass, su'it, catch a cold. ff»-i> sahuihn, a kind of wheat. (o**) i''"' place for pearl-fishing ; tool for piercing pearls. io siyya-t, fold ; stable. lijj siyi'iba-f, widowhood. (^^•j"see (^U-). j, as a numerical sign=:3 ; ab- i breviation for : Tuesday, as third | day of the week ; ^*^ J«"'', plural ; the constellation Cancer, 1 as the third sign of the zodiac ; ' and the month jii.S\ i^^\*^Jiimiida \ al-d/jlr, Sud J. (W- being abbre- viation for JjS\ ^_soW jamdda al-airical, 1st J.). Vi). jd'iii, coming=^W jd'i, (m.) ^^Wj:!i, ag. of (^. (s^V) j'd>, aor. yajib, imp. jib, 213 bring (m. for original v" W jd'a hi, come with) ; — ja'ab, a, INK. ja'b, gain, earn; sell red clay. •t-V jdb, see ^W ; —ja'b, jab, pi. jii'ub, jdb, strong ass ; red clay ; navel ; f . » , stout and strong ; savage ; over-bearing, haughty ; — i ja'ba-t, hypochondres ; — jdba-t, answer, reply. jjU jdbir, who sets broken bones ; forcing, compelling ; powerful, tyrannical; — 5 jdbint-t, Medina. ujW jdbi', jdbi, locust ; — jdbi (s->W jdb-in), tax-gatherer, collector of revenue ; — i jdbiya-t, pi. jawdbi, water-reservoir. C*^^) ia'asi -4, INF. ja's, walk along with a heavy load ; relate, narrate ; — -^i-^ ja'is, a, inf. jaas, rise or walk with difficulty (on account of a burden) ; pass. inf. ju'ih, get frightened; — TV. INF. ijdsa-t, burden, put a load on ; — vii. inf. inji'ds, id.; be overthrown. >^W ja"ds, of a bad disposition. (.yU. jdsihn, nightmare, incubus ; sleeper, lazy. ^JW jdsiyy, pi. jusiyy, jisiyy, kneeling (adj.) ; the sign of Hercules; — i jdsiya-t, kneeling (a.) ; name of the 46th chapter of the Koran. (eW) ja'aj. A, INF. ja'j, stand as a coward ; — » jdja-t, glass bead ; string of pearls. (WW) ja'ja', INF. » , call the camels to the watering-place ; — II. INF. taja'ju', desist ; fear. WW ja'ja', flight ; dispersion. ^_s=-W ja'dji', pi. of ^j^ ju'ju', breast, &c. cWjdh, veil. •i="W jdhid, denying ; refractory ; adversary, opponent ; apostate. 1=="W jdhiz, pi. juhhaz, goggle-eyed ; du. aj-jdhizdn, the pupils of the eyes. ^W jdhim, battle ; » , glowing. jW jdd, in vain, ineffectual; — jddd, zealous ; quick ; — 8 jdA- da-t, pi. jawdd, causeway ; high- road. (j-jW jddis, i , effaced, obliterated ; uncultivated ; hard, firm, strong. ^•^Wjddil, grownup; brawler. i5JW jddi, pi. juddt, asking for a. gift (adj.); saffron; wine. ^•iW jddiyd' , saffron. (•>W) ja'az. A, INF. ja'z, drink without sipping or pausing. V"^W jdzib, 5 , pi. jawdzib, ag. of (v»>i=^) ; jdziba-t, charm, attrac- tion, grace, loveliness. ;'iW ja'dzir, buffaloes, pi. of jj^ ju'zar. ts-iW jdzi, pi. jizd', f . » , pi. jawdzi, standing on tip- toe ; having short arms. (jW) ja'ar, a, inf. ja'r,j>i'dr, low; raise one's voice in prayer ; — INF. ja'r, be high (plants) ; bear high plants ; — ja'ir, a, inv. ja'ar, have a fit of suifocation. jW jdr, pi. jirdn, jira-t, ajwdr, neighbourhood ; neighbour ; client ; confederate ; friend ; companion ; husband ; pudenda of a woman ; buttocks ; — jdr'in = t5;W jdr't;—jdrr, ag. of (j^), draw, &c. ; governing the oblique case ; — S jdra-t, pi. -dt, female neighbour ; woman ; second wife ; protection ; buttocks ; pi. of yW jd'ir ; — jdrra-t, camels led by the halters ; way to the watering-place. CjW j'driA, ag. of (jCfi-), wound; — » jdriha-t, pi. jawdrih, wild beast ; pi. limbs. ^_^JW jdris, pi. jurrds, criminal. ijjW jdrif, ag. of («-J/5-), shovel ; sweep (who cleans the streets) ; epidemic amongst animals ; plague. (.jW jdrim, pi. jurram, jurrdm, who gathers dates ; sinner. j^W jdrM, very dry. 214 O^ JA)^ ja^rAr, torrent ; brook ; hinge of a door. d''})^ jorils, hand-mill. '^})^jdrafa-t, shovel; (m.) mattock, hoe, rake. v^jW- jdri, flowing, running, cur- rent ; passing, happening ; — 5 jdriya-t, pi. jawdri, slave-girl ; mercy of G-od ; ship ; girl sun. jW ja'az, INF. of (j^) ; jo';, fit of suffocation. jjW jdzir, killer of camels. t)^ jdzi', prop ; quarrelsome. (•jW jihiin, pi. jcnvdzim, ag. of ^W jddiHus, Galen. dJU jiUlya-t, exile ; exiles ; tri- bute ; tributaries. («W jdm, pi. afum, ajivdm, jdmdt, jaum, cup, goblet ; tumbler ; — jdmm, abundant ; rested, re- covered from fatigue. ^W jdmih, pi. jummak, proud. «»^W jdmid, pi. jamad, jawdmid, growing hard, &c., ag. of (■^*^) ; tearless ; stilling the blood ; inorganic ; fossil ; radical word ; al-jawdmid, solid bodies, mine- rals, fossils. g^W jdmi', pi. jam', assembling, &c., ag. of (f=.) ; all, the whole of ; encylopaedia ; collector ; compiler ; large kettle ; pi. jawdmi', greni mosque; cathe- dral; — 6 jdmi'a-t, pi. jawdmi', large kettle; necklace, chain, neck-tie; pillory ; — h jdmi'yya-t, generality. i = ^W jdn!. v-»W jduiib, deflecting, &c., ag. of (s->^) ; pi. jawdnib, side, part, direction ; tract of land ; moun- tain-slope ; disposition ; dignity ; majesty ; pi. juniidb, strange, foreign, foreigner ; shunned. oW 215 despised ; avoiding, shunning ; — ^jdniba-t, side. jLiVij. jdmbdz, rope-dancer; horse- dealer, jockey (Pars.). ^s'W- jdniha-t, pi. jawdnih, last rib. j\^y^ jdnddr, pi. janddriyya-t, guardsman, one of the body- guard (Pers.). i^W jdnU, near, close, confining with ; ag. of (ijiue-). ^^W jdni (yW- jdn-in), pi. jundt, jumnV, ajnd' , gathering, &c. ; sinner, criminal. »W jdh, i jdha-f. j)lace, rank, dignity ; honour, glory ; pros- perity (Pers.). ^W jdhiba7i, publicly. ^aaU. jdhisa-t, troop of men. i-ut\i^ jdhida-t, pi. jawdhid, foal (a year old). JaW jdhil, pi. jithl, j^ihul, pilihal, juhlidl, jiihald', ajhdl, jahala-t, ignorant, &c., ag. of (J*?-) ; idiot ; barbarian ; — t^ jdhiliyy, heathen ; — h jdhiliyya-f, state of ignorance ; heathenism of the Arabs before Muhammad. ubWjdhi, destroyed ; open, public. )W ja'w, INF. of ((^W). ij^j^W jdioars, millet (Pers.). (tS^) i*'<*> A, INF. ja'y, bite upon (iJU: 'ala) ; — inf. ja'w, mend ; tend ; cover, hide, conceal ; pre- vent ; wipe ; — also ja'i, A, inf. ja'an, ji'a-t, jjc'wa-t, be of a chestnut brown. ^Wjd'i, i , coming, ag. of (i_s^). i-^W jd'iba-t, ipl. jawd'ib, news. jifVij. jd'id, pi. jaud, abundant, plentiful ; liberal, beneficent. yW jd'ir, pi. -iln, jawara-t, jdra-t, unjust, tyrannical ; heart-burn, acidity in the stomach ; syco- phant, parasite. ■/W jd'iz, passing, &c., ag. of (j^) ; metaphorical ; pi. ajwuz, ajwiza-t, jiizdn, jizdn, jawd'iz, cross-beam ; lever of a printing- press ; garden ; — » jd'iza-t, kindness; pi. jawd'iz, present, gratuity; honorific gift; pro- vender ; review ; certificate ; signature ; pi. verses ; current sayings. i^W jd'isat, soul, mind. ^Wja'i', T[)\.jiyd',juwwa', hungry, starving. >-4iW jd'if, penetrating, ag. of i^f!-) ; — 2 jdSfa-t, thrust, deep wound ; pi. jawd'if, hill. JjW- jd'il, turning round, &c. ; ag. of (J^) ; roaming about ; loose ; -ijd'ila-t, business, affair. i'W=(^W; — iijdji'a-t, pus; blood. ^) jabb, iT'fF.jabbjjibdb, lop, cut off or out ; beat down the leaves; fructify the female palm ; sur- pass, overcome, vanquish : — ii. INF. tajbib, have the lower part of the front-feet white ; fear ; flee ; water the cattle until satisfied ; — III. iNY.jibdb, mujdbba, vie in riches or beauty ; cut off ; — iv. INF. ijbdb, be covered with foam ; — V. INF. tajabbub, i)ut on the i^^ jubba-t ; — vi. inf. tajdbb, marry one another's sister ; — VIII. INF. ijtibdb, cut off ; wander through the cities ; put on the &■)=)■ jubba-t. >^-«- jubb, pi. ajbdb, jibdb, jibaba-t, deep well ; cistern ; water-bag ; ditch, hole ; (m.) shrub, shrub- bery ; — jab', pi. ajbu' , jiba'a-t, jaba', a kind of mushroom ; hill ; cistern, hole for holding water ; — i jiba-t, INF. of (s-^^), be necessary, &c. ; — jubba-t, pi. jabab, jibdb, vest or jacket with wide sleeves ; armour, coat of mail, cuirass ; ankle, instep ; eye-bones. Q->^) jabd' , A, INF. jab', jubiV, also jabi'. A, INF. jaba', desist; detest, abhor ; come out ; hide ; remain behind ; sell red clay ; incline the neck ; be blunt or dim ; — INF. ijbd', abound in truffles ; sell the crops before they are reaped ; conceal ; fall upon. w 216 W jiban, water in a cistern ; — jibd', pi. of ijW jibdya-t, tri- bute, impost ; — jabbd', point of a horn ; — juhbd', cowardly ; a kind of arrow; — ' jiba'a-t, pi. of s-^ jab' ; — jabbd'a-t, point of a horn. fc^L^ jabdb, jubdb, year of famine ; — jubdb, lawful shedding of blood ; froth of the milk ; — jibdb, pi. of s-s- jubb; inf. of («_^) ; — jabbdb, (j jabbdbiyy, maker or seller of the ii^ jubba-t. 6jj\*i^ jabdbira-t, pi. of jW jah- bdr, i . ^^\.^ jahdbm, pi. of (^^ jahbd/i. jU=> jubdr, lawful shedding of blood ; war ; free ; also jibdr, Tuesday; — jabbdr, ii,^pl. -''«, jabdbira-t, strong, powerful, omnipotent ; God ; tyrant ; proud, cruel ; great, giant ; Orion ; high ; also jubbdr, high palm-iree ; — i jibdr a-t, setting of broken bones, inf. of (yt^) ; pi. jibdr, bandage, splint. ^U^ jabbdb, barber. JU=. jibdl, body ; — pi. of J-^ jabal. yU=. jabdn, ' , pi. juband', coward, cowardly; — jabbdn, i, Tp\.jabd- biv, cheese-monger; coward; cemetery, burial-place ; desert ; — S jabdna-t, cowardice, inf. of (^;>-.^) ; — h jahdniyya-i, id. iX^fi. jibdh, pi. of Ht=^ jabha-t. i^^^ jibdiva-t, water in a cistern ; INF. of {f!^). ^V.fc. jab'a, having full breasts (adj.); — ' jibdya-t, gathering, gathering of taxes ; collection ; pi. ji('&((', tribute, imjmst, tax. fc_,.f=. jabab, whiteness of the lower part of the front feet of a horse ; — juhah, pi. of i«- jubba-t ; — S jibaba-t, pi. of s->s- . (u^^fc/-) jilt, idol ; magician ; magic. (j-jd,.) jabaj, V, INF. jabj, recover from weakness and get strong again. (^a«:^) jabjab, inf. », travel, wander, roam about; stuff the intestines of a camel with meat, &c. ; — i jabjaba-t, jubjuba-t, intestines stuffed in this man- ner ; jubjuba-t, leathern basket ; drum ; — (^ jubjubiyy, maker or seller of sausages ; — k jvhjubiy- ya-t, soup with sausages. (j^) jabah, u, inf. jabfi, cast the dice to see who will be vic- torious. C*^ jafcA, jibh, jtih/i, pi. ajbuh, ajbah, bee-hive. (j^) jabah, i, inf. jabh, turn the dice. dji^.c^ jabhdna-t, store-house for powder; ammunition (Pers.). (Jui,.) jabaz, i, inf. jabz, draw, pull ; — VII. INF. injibd:, be drawn, pulled ; — viii. inf. ijtibdz, draw, pull. (^=.) jabiir, V, INF. jab^, jubi'ir, jibdra-t, set a broken bone ; contract (n.) ; do good to or enrich the poor ; help, assist, put under obligation ; force, compel ; (m.) curry a horse ; — I, INF. jabr, jubi'ir, get healed, restored ; — ii. inf. tajbir, set a broken bone ; mend anything broken ; help or enrich the poor; compel; — ill. inf. imijd. bara-t, give pleasure by any- thing ; — IV. INF. ijbdr, compel ; consider as healed or restored; — V. INF. tajabbur, get set ; receive a gift or become enriched ; be haughty, overbearing ; push leaves ; grow again ; recover in health ; recover anything lost ; — VII. INF. injibdr, get set; be compelled ; ■ — viii. inf. ijtibdr, set a bone ; enrich ; gain riches ; — X. INF. isf ijbdr, get set; gain riches. j't^ jabr, force, compulsion, vio- lence ; setting of broken bones ; bandage ; reunion of what has 217 ««■ been separated; reduction of fractures ; al-jabr, algebra ; pre- destination ; man ; youth ; hero ; king ; slave ; — S jabra-t, curry- comb (m.). J^W jabrcVil, Jec\j<.v jahrd'il, ^^P^ jabrd'il, and several other similar forms, archangel Grabriel. '^}r^ jabriit, jubri'd, jabarut, ij}^'^ jabaruta, jabarutt, i}yf=t. jabaruiv- tva-t, jubaruwiva-t, jabruiviva-t, pomp, pride; — jabarut, power; omnipotence ; highest heaven. iSp-^ jabriyy, compelled (m.) ; — ii jibriyya-t, jabriyya-t, jibiriyya-t, jabiriyya-t, pomp, pride ; also f^r^ jabariyydn, sect of fata- lists ; <^'^.j^'i- jabariyydt, algebraic exercises. ^jr>^ jibriyd' , pride, haughtiness. Jl.jf't- jibril, jabril, (^;i^ jabrin, archangel Gabriel. (y^) jabuz, inf. jabdza-t, be dry, unleavened (bread) ; give part of one's own to another. j-^ jibz, hard and dry ; miserly, avaricious ; mean ; cowardly ; — i jabza-t, piece, portion. ((.r-*>) jibs, pi. ajbds, jubii,s=-yt=>- ; also (^ — f^ , cement, gypsum ; — jabas, water-melon ; — hence v. tajabbas, inf. tajabbus, strut along proudly. (urt^) jaba^, I, inf. jabs, shave. i^ya^t^ jibsin, gypsum. (J*^) jcbal, I, TJ', INF. jabl, form, create ; shape after a model ; knead ; mix chalk with sand ; compel ; — ii. inf. tajbil, cut in pieces ; — iv. inf. ijbdl, form, shape, create ; go into the mountains ; find miserly ; handle the language with difficulty ; hit on anything hard in digging; stamp the ground ; have blunted weapons ; — v. inf. tajabbul, go into the mountains ; take every- thing away ; — vii. inf. injibdl, get formed, shaped, kneaded, mixed. ' J*> jabl, jibl, jtibl, jubul, jibill, jubull, i jabla-t, &c., troop of men; numerous ; — jahl, creation; formation ; kneading (s.) ; — jabal, pi. ajbdljjibdl, ajbul, moun- tain, mountain-chain ; prince ; avaricious ; — ii jabla-t, jibla-t, jubla-t, jabala-t , jibilla-t, natural form or disposition ; constitu- tion ; temper ; — jibala-t, jabala-t, face ; creature ; hardness of the ground ; strength ; fault, vice ; — jihla-t, jubla-t, jubuUa-t, the created things ; descendants ; — jubla-t, humij of the camel. ^^'^ jaballiKphn, amethyst. ^_sW^ jabaliyy, mountainous ; moun- taineer ; — jibilliyy, natural, in- born ; constitutional. (ij-rt-) jabim, INF. jabdna-t, jubn, jubun, be timid, cowardly ; — II. INF. tajhiii, accuse of cowar- dice, deem or find one to be a coward ; impute to cowardice ; render a coward ; effeminate ; cause the milk to curdle ; — IV. INF. ijbdn, deem or find one to be a coward ; curdle, coagulate ; — v. inf. tajabbun, coagulate into cheese ; — viii. INF. ijtibdn, deem a coward ; prepare cheese. (;>«- jubn, jubun, jubunn, cheese ; cowardice ; — jubun, pi. of (;).«?- jabin ; — 'i jubna-t, jubunna-t, cheese. ^•'•i^ juband' , pi. of (^^ jabdn. (i^^t^ jabndn, coward. ^y^^ jubniyy, maker of cheese, cheesemonger. (4<.^) jabah, a, inf. jabh, hit or strike on the forehead, say dis- agreeable things in one's face, receive or refuse in an insulting manner ; see water without being able to reach it ; come upon unexpectedly; — ii. inf. tajbih, receive in an offensive manner ; cause one to bend' his head, put to shame ; — viii. 28 218 INF. ijtihdh, refuse as injurious to the health. ^t^ jabah, breadth of the fore- head ; — jubbah, coward ; ■ — S jabha-f, pi. -at, jibdh, forehead, brow ; trooi) ; chief, prince ; highly esteemed ; moon ; an idol ; contempt. ()t^) jabd (i. p. jabau-tu, jabai-tu), I, tr, I'SF. jibdtva-t ,jibdya-i, gather taxes, tribute ; — ,_3-^ jabd, inf. jab-an, jib-an, jvb-an, jaby, id. ; collect water in a pond ; — ii. INF. tajbiya-t, lean the hands on the knees or the ground ; prostrate one's self for prayer ; — IV. INF. ijbi'i', sell the crops before they are ripe ; conceal one's camels from the tax- gatherer ; — VIII. INF. ijtibd', select ; — S jabiua-f, (m.) collec- tion of taxes ; collect ; — jibiva-t = Sj W jibdwa-t. v^rt- jabub, hard ground ; — ' jabxiba-t, clod. S)j«- jubura-t, jabbiira-t, haughti- ness, pride. (jtff^ jdbus, mean person ; vine- branch ; — jubiis, pi. of (j~iJ=- jabs. (ts«-)' see (^t>) and (W). (j-f^ jib-an, collected water or money. j!W5- jibbir, haughty, overbearing ; — 6 jabira-t, pi. jabd'ir, splint for setting bones; bracelet; (m.) leathern sack ; portfolio. ■j-i^ jabh, dry or stale bread. (_r->«- jabis, mean person ; cub of the bear. J«-«- jabil, troop of men ; ugly ; — jibil, the ancient Byblus ; — jnbail, small mountain ; — S jabila-t, a tribe. y^i-rt- jabhi, pi. ajbun, ajbina-t, jubun, teaiple, brow, forehead. (^ks,^) jatt—{i,j-^), feel, j^iiiyy> sit with the knees upon the ground ; stand on tip-toe ; gather ; — iii. inf. mujdsdt, sit knee against knee ■with another ; sit cross-legged ; — IV. INF. ijsd', make one kneel or stand on tip-toe ; — vi. inf. tajdsi, sit knee against knee with another ; — « jaswa-t, jis- wa-t, heap of stones ; body ; live coal ; — juswa-t, pi. V^ jusan, heap of stones ; pi. ^^ jusan, tomb. ^r^ jusula-t, density, denseness ; INF. of (J^). CJ^ jasum, squatting, crouching ; hill; — jusiim, inf. of (^*^). «^~^ jasis, & , shoot of a palm- tree. ^y~^ jasU, densely grown. (c^) j'^^i't ^i ^^^- iO'¥>'i spread ; eat melon ; — iv. inf. ijhdh, be on the point of giving birth. Z^ juhh, a small kind of melon. jj?-^as- jahdjih, i jahdjiha-t, pi. of p^s&^ jahjah. g^^ssfs- jahdjih, pi. of cW^j's- jahjdh. 'J^afl- jahhdd, who denies every- thing ; ungrateful person ; — (^ juhadiyy, » , full, stout. (j«W=!- jihds, inf. III. of (u***''*-) i crowd, throng. tVas=- jihdz, socket of the eye. <-»^sfl- juhdf, great mortality ; death ; inundation ; diarrhoea ; — j^b'J-fi combat. JUjs- JM^aZ, poison. ;^Va»=- jahdmir, pi. of ^^ia^ jahmaris. jahjdh, pi. jahdjih, prince, chief ; man of great authority, and, by opposition, a worthless person, wretch. --^ss-^) jahjah, inf. S , ruin, destroy, annihilate ; act re- peatedly in a matter ; come and (c«sfc=i-) jahjah, inf. » , examine a (■ thing and bring it speedily to a conclusion ; desist. C^asi?- jahjah, pi. jahdjih, i jahd- jiha-t, big ram; = cWafl-ia^ia^. (•*»?=-) jahad, a, inf. jahd, juhtld, know better and deny ; refuse one's right ; apostatize ; find miserly ; — jahid. A, inf. jahad, be scarce ; be not thriving ; be not well off ; do little good ; — IV. INF. ijhdd, be not thriving ; — VI. INF. tajdhud, deny to one another. Aite> jahd, juhd, jahad, of little good ; — jahd, negation ; deny- ing, refusing ; — jahd, jahid, scanty; poor, penurious; nig- gardly. (j-^ar!-) jahdar, inf. & , throw on the ground ; roll ; — ii. inf. tajahdur, stir and fly up. j^&a. jaMar, dwarf ; short. (Jj'asi?-) jahdal, inf. ii , gather camels, to let them on hire ; become a jammdl ; gather riches, grow rich ; throw on the ground ; bind; fill. Jji^c;. jahdal, juhdul, fat and strong. (ja,?-) jahar, A, inf. jahr, burrow ; creep into a hole ; drive into a burrow ; be deep-set (eye) ; rise on high ; be sparing or behind with anything ; remain behind ; — iv. inf. ijhdr, drive into the hole or burrow ; con- ceal ; compel to flight ; compel, force ; not bring any rain ; be threatened by scarcity or fa- mine ; — V. INF. tajahhur, vii. inf. injihnr, burrow, flee to its hole; — VIII. INF. ijtihur, seek or dig a hole, burrow, ^jfij^ jahr, deep hole ; — juhr, pi. jihara-t, ajhdr, juhnln, ajhira-t, den, hole, burrow. \jar^jahrd, f. deep-set y^;a,^ juhrdn, pudenda of a wo- man ; hole, burrow ; hiding- place. (*;a=*) jahram, wicked or malicious 220 t>«- man ; — i jahrama-t, wickedness, malice ; poverty. (u-si'^) jahas, a, inf. jahs, enter ; scratch the skiu ; kill ; — ii. INF. jihds, repel, ward ojEE; press. (j-<&^ jahs, cunning, stratagem. (l./■*^=^) jahas, A, INF. jahs, scratch the skin ; — in. inf. jihds, mvji'ihasa-t, repel, ward off ; piress. ijS-a»=- jahs, f. i , pi. jihds, jihsihi, foal of an ass ; foal ; he- goat ; blockhead ; (m.) stand, trestle, horse (for towels, &c.) ; thick- ness, hardness, cruelty ; war against infidels ; effort, en- deavour. ( J'i-«j=^) jahsal, juhsul, i^^\es=i- jahd- sil, swift, fleet, agile. (!=&=f-) jahag, A, inf. juhfiz, have a large or protruding pupil or eye ; — ii. inf. ijhdz, look sharply at {^J^ ila). ^=)- juhhaz, pi. of ^\=)- jdhi~. {f^a:^) jahzam, having large eyes (adj.). ■ (<-»«»=-) jahaf. A, INF. jahf, peel, shell, pare ; sweep away ; dig up and cast away ; gather ; lean towards (^ ma') ; take out ; catch the ball ; — inf. jahf, jahfa-t, play at balls ; — iii. inf. mujdhafa-t, press one in a crowd, come quite close to (ace); — IV. INF. ijhdf, injure; take ; render poor ; oppress, press ; come close up to (v» hi) ; — VI. INF. tajdhuf, fight each other ; play at balls to- gether ; — VIII. INF. ijtihdf, take away, rob ; draw out the water. '-**^ i^^/) peeling, &c. ; game at balls; — i jahfa-t, id.; slice of butter ; colic ; — jithfa-t, remains of water in a well, of food in a vessel. (jAafl-) jahfal, INF. ii , throw to the ground ; blame, scold. rebuke ; — ii. inf. tajahful, assemble. jAfij?- jahfal, pi. jahdfil, great army ; great, powerful. (J=«-) jahal, A, inf. jahJ, throw on the ground; — il. inf. tajhil, id. J«r^ jahl, pi. jihdl, large water- bag- ; pi. ju/iul, juhldn, mother- bee ; a beetle ; chameleon ; lizard ; lord, prince ; small camels. !^*r=^ jahld, f. big, stout. (,4*,^) jahlam, inf. ii , throw to the ground. (l^is^) jahain, A, inf. jahm, kindle open the eyes and fix them upon anything; — jahiin, a, inf jahain, juhi'nn, also jahum, inf juhm, burn; — ii. inf. tajhim look at sharply and fixedly ; — IV. INF. ijhdm, abstain, desist approach anyone for the pur- pose of killing him ; — v. inf. tajah/mm, burn with rage, pas- sion, desire, &c. ; be narrow, be oppressed. (««!%- jahm, i, burning; — 6 jah- ma-t, eye ; — juhma-t, large fire. ;**^ jahmar, i_r';*a»=i- jahmaris, pi. jahdmif, decrepit old woman; suckling hare ; a kind of snake. Lr>*.&=^ jahmas, decrepit old wo- man. (^=**f^) jahmaz, inf. i , wind round; wraji up, swaddle ; tie one's hands below his knees ; run fast ; make short steps. il=*fe=. jahmaza-i, swaddle-cloth ; rope. \>^*«^ juhmiis, decrepit old wo- man. (e*^) ja^in. A, inf. jahan, be starved ; — ja/jan, a, inf. jahn = 11. INF. iajhin, and iv. inf. ijhdn, starve a child or one's family. e*=^ jahin, starved ; — also S jtih. na-t, louse, tick. {yir^'^:f>-)jahnab, jahannah, dwarfish. _)W-iar>- jihimhdr, juhumhar, i jihini- hdra-t, juhumbdra-t, short and thick-set. '^yf^^^ jahambara-t, female dwarf, (yiia^) jahnas, inf. S , also tA-*-*<&^\ ijhansas, inf. ijhinsds, be large and thick, tr^art- jahnas, having a big bellj ; thick, stout. (jAi«,=.) jahanfal, having thick lips. (^^) ji^d, u, INF. jahw, uproot ; stay, remain ; walk, step ; pass ; _ — VIII. INF. ijtihd', uproot ; — & jahwa-t, step ; face ; kind, sort. >-i)i&,^ juhiif, bucket. LAfta>==- jahis, side, region, tract of land ; living in solitude ; — juhais, little ass. ^^^ jahim, large fire ; hell. ^♦*as=^ jahimiyy, hellish. Wsst- juhaind', longing desire. (^) jO'ii well done ! bravo ! (fe^) j'^^hh} wander from place to place ; take the position of prayer ; squirt water, J^a;> juhddih, 5 j)\ abtt juhddib, jWfl' j>\ abu juhdd, ^jjVsi^ ju,hd- dibd', A>J^^=- juhddiba-t, ijiJ^as- juhddiba, paunch-bellied ; a locust ; a beetle. )S\.^^ juhddir, stout, corpulent. iS'^^> juhddiyy, milk-pail; stout. <-*^> jahhdf, proud, boasting. (s-ai^) jahb, lean ; thin ; hollow ; — jihabb, large, big ; leader; weak, (^qs^^) jahjah, inf. ii , lie with a woman ; throw to the ground ; conceal one's thoughts ; call, cry out to ; applaud, call bravo ! come to the best of a thing ; enter a large assembly ; lie 221 J^ prostrate with fatigue ; — 11. INF. tajahjuh, lie prostrate with fatigue ; lie with ; be very dark. ^ ^■^^ juhdub, pi. jahddib, stout; a kind of locust ; lion. (J-^i^) jahdal, strong and fat. ((•■^=^) jahdam, inf. ii , be quick, swift. (j'^^^) ja/izar, ijjahzariyy, stout. (^•^*^-) jahzaf, great, large, stout ; excellent. (jifc'i.) jahir, a, inf. jahar, be putrid ; be wide ; be empty ; — II. INF. tujhlr, widen the mouth of a well ; — iv. inf. ijhdr, id. ; cause water to gush out. ji^ jahir, i, who eats much, is soon hungry ; thin, lean ; weak in the loins or in the head cowardly ; ugly ; putrid. (cji&>) jahaf, I, u, INF. jahf, jahif, also jahif, a, boast ; sleep ; in timidate. •-^^ jahf, snoring (s.) ; levity boasting (s.) ; Ua^ jahfd, boast- ing (adj.) ; —juhuf, pi. of c_4jji^ jahif. (i^^) jahd, a, INF. jahw, hold upside down; — 11. inf. taj- hiya-t, draw in the belly leaning with the hands on the ground (in prayer) ; be bent ; draw to an end ; be turned upside down. ^sfl- jahw, looseness of the skin ; thinness of the hips. iij^sa^ jahwaza-t, run, trot. "-Aiia^ jahif, proud and boasting ; snoring (s.) ; levity ; pi. juhicf, soul, mind ; large army ; dwarfish. (•*>) jadd, I, inf. jadd, be great, honoured, rich ; pass, be rich and happy ; be hard, difficult, troublesome ; afflict ; be serious or of importance ; — a, inf. jadd, cut, lop ; prune ; — inf. jidd, exert one's self in a 222 matter, take it seriously ; be truthful ; — i, inf. jidda-t, be new|; — II. INF. tajdid, renew, restore ; interweave with varie- gated stripes ; clip the camel's udder ; (m.) repeat ; return in a worse degree (illness) ; — iii. INF. nuijddda-t, deal with ac- cording to strict law ; vie earnestly ; — iv. inf. ijdild, renew, restore, mend ; act with earnestness and zeal ; be in earnest ; hasten ; be hard and level ; travel on such ground ; — v. INF. tajaddud, be renewed, restored, mended ; be milkless ; — X. INF. istijddd, renew, &c. ; deem or take for new ; take afresh ; (m.) put again into good condition. •^ jadd, pi. ajddd, judi'td. judnda-f, grandfather, ancestor (c**-° sahih, on father's, .^-U fiisid, on mother's side) ; riches, wealth, good fortune ; greatness, honour; rich ; bank of a river ; — jidd, exertion, diligence, zeal ; ear- nestness, serious matter; seri- ous, in earnest ; haste ; high degree ; \>»* jidd-an, much, earnestly, with zeal ; — judd, well, cistern ; fatness ; side ; coast of Mecca ; — S jida-t, wealth, INF. of (^5) ; — jadda-t, grandmother ; — jidda-t, novelty, freshness ; wealth ; surface of the ground ; also judda-t, coast ; port of Mecca ; — judda-t, pi. judad, stripe ; tract ; path, road ; manner, method, system ; sign. W jadda, f. of ^\ ajadd, water- less ; desert ; milkless ; — jiddd', evident ; — 5 juddt, pi. of ^^jW jddi. ■Ayi^ jiddd, pruning of the palm- tree ; — jadddd, wine-merchant ; — judddd, old clothes. ;W jiddr, pi. judr, judur, wall ; (m.) dung-hill. ^\^=^juddfd', plunder, booty. J\a=- jaddl, i, unripe ;— iidaZ, quarrel, altercation, dispute, contention, combat, in. (J-^) ; — jadddl, quarrelsome ; dis- putant. LA^ juddma-t, chaff. (sjJ'^) jadab, v, I, inf. jadh, blame, rebuke ; — jadub, inf. jaddba-t, be dry ; — 11. inf. tajdib, dry up; — in. inf. mujd- daba-t, have a dry year ; — iv. inf. ijddb, find the ground dry ; — rv. and v. inf. tajaddub, have a dry year ; suffer from drought ; be rainless (sky). SJ-^ jadb, jidabb, sterility ; drought ; dearth ; bad season ; f. 6, sterile, dry, dried up; (m.) dull, stupid ; — 5 jadha-t, dulness, stupidity (m.). (ki»ji=.) jadas, pi. ajdus, ajdds, tomb ; — hence viii. ijtiddf, adorn the tomb ; — s jadsa-t, sound of the hoof ; chewing (s.). J^"^ jadjad, hard level ground ; judjud, pi. jaddjid, cricket. (c-^) jadah, a, inf. jadh, stir up, shake, mix; — 11. inf. tajdih, soil ; smear, anoint ; — rv. inf. ijddh, VIII. INF. ijtiddh=-l. J-i^ jadad, hard level ground ; fine sand ; — judad, pi. of iJ* judda-t ; — judiid, pi. of ^Ji^ jadid. G"^) jo^Aar, INF. jadr, break out (small-pox, &c.) ; pass, be seized with the small-pox ; — u, inf. jadr, bud ; sprout forth ; get callous ; render fit or worthy ; wall in ; keep within one's walls ; — jadir, a, inf. jadar, bud ; be seized with the small- pox ; — jadur, INF. jaddra-t, be worthy ; bud ; sprout ; — II. INF. tajdir, be seized with the small-pox ; — II. and iv. inf. ijddr, bud, sprout; — iv. swell; — VIII. INF. ijtiddr, make walls, enclosui-es. j^ jadr, pi. judr, judur, judrdn, wall, enclosure ; eruption of the J^ 223 ij'^ small-pox ; — (m. for jji?- jazr) root ; origin ; root of a number ; exponent ; — jadar, 'i jadara-t, pustule, pock; also judar, pi. ajdih-, callosity ; scar ; — jadir, worthy, fit, proper. \j'i'^ jadrd' , f. of j^^ ajdar, marked by the small-pox, &c. (jj-^ jadariyy, jadriyy, judariyy, small-pox. (^^=-) jadas, I, INF. jads, turn round anything to seize it. (£•^=5-) jada', A, INF. jad', cut off the ears, the nose, the lips, hands, &e. ; maim, mutilate ; imprison ; starve ; — jadi\ a, INF. jada', be mutilated ; be starved ; — ii. inf. tajdi', maim badly ; wish one to be maimed ; starve ; injure ; — iii. inf. mujdda'a-t, quarrel with (ace.) ; scold ; — IV. inf. ijdd', starve ; keep back ; — vi. inf. tajddu', quarrel with, scold each other ; — VIII. ijtidd', get maimed ; shear the camel. gJi=- jad', mutilation ; — jadi', starved; — 8 jada'ci-t, stump of a maimed limb, Ac. Vc>V}- jad'd' , f. of ^■i'=A ajda', muti- lated. ( jju?.) jadaf, I, INF. jadf, cut off ; throw ; move the hands about in walking fast ; walk fast ; mark the tact; run in short leaps ; — u, INF. judilf, fly with clipped wings ; — ii. inf. tajdif, make slight of or not believe in God's kindness and mercy ; blaspheme ; — iv. inf. ijddf, raise a cry, clamour. JJb^ jadaf, pi. ajddf, tomb ; wine ; foam, dregs, dirt ; — » jadafa-f, noise, clamour. (Jji^) jadal, I, V, inf. jadl, make firm, twist tight ; twist ropes ; grow and thrive vigorously ; get full and bend to the ground (ears) ; throw on the ground ; melt fat ; — ii. inf. tajdil, throw to the ground ; — iii. inf. mujd- dala-t,jiddl, quarrel, dispute; — IV. inf. ijddl, have a young one able to follow its mother ; cheer up;— v. INF. tcijaddvl, be tightly twisted ; fall on the ground"; stretch one's self on the ground ; — VI. INF. tajiidnl, quarrel, dis- pute amongst each other ; — VII. INF. injiddl, be twisted, plaited ; be thrown down. J>*> jadl, tomb ; twisting, plaiting (s.) ; syllogism, logic conclusion ; also jidJ, pi. ajddl, jiulnl, bone ; sinew ; limb, member ; — jadal, quarrel, dispute ; demonstration ; dialectics ; — j^dil, quarrelsome ; disputant ; —jtidul, pi. of Jja^ jadil ; — jiidJ, pi. and — S^ jadhr, f. of Ja=.\ ajdal, grace- ful, handsome, &c. ^J^>^ jadaliyy, quarrelsome; dis- putant ; object of quarrel or litigation. (f^) jadam, u, inf. jadm, wither after producing good fruit ; cut off; — IV. INF. ijddm, urge on a horse; — vii. inf. injiddm, be cut off. (o-^) jadan, pleasantness of voice; — IV. INF. ijddn, get rich. (.J-^) jada, u, INF. jadw, be use- ful, good for, fit ; give ; de- mand ; — IV. ijdd', give ; be useful, profitable to (ace.) ; — VIII. INF. ijtidd', X. INF. istijdd', demand. j>is- jadw, i , herd ; cattle. v*;-*?- jadi'ib, dry, sterile, arid; — S judnha-t, sterility, aridity ; dearth, scarcity. J^.i=. jadtval, jidwal, pi. jadawil, brook, streamlet, canal ; rubric ; column of a page ; astronomical, statistical, &c., tablets ; para- digm ; model ; almanac. rj"^ jo.ddum, pi. jadddim, hammer (m.). ^^jji=. jadwa, gift, present ; profit, advantage ; abundant rain. CtS'^) jo'da, A, INF. jady, demand ; — IV. INF. ijdd\ flow, iS'^ 224 t^ fjJ^ jaclan, gift, bounty ; — jady, pi. Js-^ ajd-in, ajdi, jida , jidycm, jadilya-t, kid ; he-goat ; Capri- corn ; — judayy, polar star ; — jaddiyy, of or by a grandfatber ; — juddiyy, fortunate, prosper- ous, rich; — i jadya-t, pi. jad- ydt, also jadiyya-t, pi. jaddyd, stuffing of a saddle, cloth placed under the saddle ; blood. '-T'l'^ jodih, arid, sterile. •ij-^- jadid, i , pi. jiidiid, new ; fresh ; modern ; prosperous, rich ; surface of the ground ; death; dv. al-jadldihi, day and night; — i> jadida-t=-h'^ jad- ya-1. jjA=_ jadir, i> , pi. -I'ln, judanV, fit, worthy, proper ; becoming ; afflicted with small-pox ; walled in; — S jadira-i, enclosure of stone ; nature. JjAc. jadil, pi. jvdv!, rein, bridle ; girdle; — i jadila-f, pi. jachl'il, plait, tress, braid of hair ; any- thing plaited or twisted ; bird's cage ; manner, state, condition ; region ; a garment. (^) ja::, tr, inf. j((::, hasten ; cut off at the root ; pluck ; destroy ; — ii. inf. faj::/::, invite in vain to follow ; — vii. inf. injizdz, VIII. INF. ijti~(h, get cut or plucked off. i^ ja:z, pi. C(jz(1:, piece, morsel ; ■ — i jnz:a-i, strip of cloth, patch. \i=s- jazzd', broken; interrupted; separated; — jizd', pi. of ^s^W- jdzi and i^^ jaz^va-t ; — s jct-dt, pi. jizu', root of a tree. ^^iit- jazdb, death; — jazzdb, at- tracting powerfully, attractive. j\jt!. jazdz, cutting oif, extirpating (s.) ; also ijazdza-f, superiority ; — also jizih, juzdz, i jaziiza-t, &c., pi. -((/, particle, portion ; pi. gold-dust. I«U<^ jiizdm, elephantiasis, leprosy ; — S jiizdma-t, stubble ; chaff. (^\j^) juzdmir, breaking a con- tract. ycAi^jazdmir, pi. oi ^•s''^ jvzmnr. (sjju;.) jazab, i, inf. jazh, stretch, extend ; attract, draw off, take away ; win, captivate ; drag along ; draw (a sword) ; cause to change place ; take the young from its dam ; sip water ; make eager ; have little milk ; be passed for the greater part; — u, get the better in pulling one another ; — lii. inf. jizdh, itnijdzaha-t, contend, combat, vie in pulling ; try to wrest from ; cause to change places ; — V. INF. tajazzub, sip, drink ; (m.) stretch one's self; be an- noyed, wearied ; — vi. inf. tajdzvb, pull alternately or vie in pulling ; contend, combat, vie ; be drawn off, transferred ; — VII. INF. ivjizdb, be drawn off, taken away, carried away, transferred ; tear one's self away from ((^ '««) ; walk fast ; — VIII. INF. ijttzdb, attract, draw, draw out ; take greedily ; strive for ; rob ; transfer from one place to another. s-"W jazb, attraction ; fast walk- ing ; — i jazba-t, pi. jazabdt, long stretch of road ; attraction ; passion ; pi. charms, allure- ments. O^'i^ jizibbdn, string of a sandal between the big toe and the second one. (jc-i.}.) jazjaz, INF. i , out off at the root. (j-i=!-) jazai; v, inf. jazr, lop, cut off ; up-root ; — II. inf. tajzir, IV. INF. ijzdr, id. ; ii. extract the quadratic or cubic root ; — VII. INF. iiijizdr, be cut off, up-rooted. ;^ jazr, jizr, pi. jiizur, root, origin ; quadratic or cubic root ; ebb. it^) ja~a', A, INF. jaz', shut up the cattle without food ; tie t^ 225 together two camels ; pass or surmount quickly, finish a journey ; cut off ; — iv. inf. ijza, shut up; keep off, pre- vent. t^ ji?', V^-jn:n', trunk or stump of a palm-tree ; — jaza', pi. jhil', jiiz'ihi, 6 , pi. -at, young ; young cattle ; lad, youth ; re- cruit ; — g^ gi=. jiza' miza', in all directions, (^i:^) jazaf, I, INF. jazf, cut off ; impel, i-ow ; — ii. inf. fajzif, iv. INF. ijziif, fly fast ; make short steps ; hasten ; — vii. inf. inji- zctf, fly fast. (J'^) i«?«^, u, INF. juzill, stand firm, be firmly planted ; — jazil, A, INF. jazal, rejoice (n.), be glad, be merry ; — iv. inf. y?ai, gladden, rejoice (a.) ; — VI. INF. tajihul, be hostile to each other; — viii. ijtizill, be merry, joyful. J•^- jizl, pi. j'lzdl, juzitJ, juzfila-i, ajzdl, root, trunk or stump of a tree ; — jazil, pi. juzldn, merry, joyful ; — S jazila-t, luxuriant ; — O^^ jazldn, id. ((•■^) jazam, i, u, inf. jazm, cut off, maim, mutilate ; pierce ; — jazini, A, INF. jazam, be maimed, especially of hand or fingers ; — jazum (also pass, juziin), be aflSicted with elephantiasis or leprosy ; — ii. inf. tajzim, cut off, maim ; — iv. inf. ijzdm, id. ; hasten one's walk ; run fast ; abstain ; resolve upon ((JLc 'ala) ; — V. INF. tajazzum (m.), be afilicted with leprosy ; — v. and VII. INF. injizdm, be cut off. («>W ja~m, jizm, pi. juztim, ajzdm, root ; trunk or stump of a tree ; branch ; root of a tooth ; — jazim, nimble, agile ; — » jizma-i, pi. jizam, fragment, splinter ; — jiozma-t, mutilation ; leprosy. U'ie- juzmd', f, ^A=. jazina, pi. of (>yA ajzam, maimed, mutilated ; leprous, jr*-^^ juzmilr, pi. jazdmh; trunk of a palm-tree ; root ; principal part. (ji-^ j[zn.= ^i.^ jizl. {>^^) jc-zd, u, INF. jazin, juzKww, stand firm ; stand on tip-toe ; sit firm ; be fat ; — iv. inf. ijzd', stand firm ; get a fat hump; be fat; fix the look at ; — VI. INF. tajdzl, sit knee against knee with one another ; — 'ija:wa-t, jiztva-t, juznxi-i, pi. i^-i=- jiza-ait, jaz-un, jlzd', fire- brand ; half-burnt log. v^^V jaziih, attractive, charming, alluring. {^\j!^ f^ mill jardica (jarrdla), for your sake. (>\ffjardin, harvest of dates ; stones of dates ; dry dates ; — jirdm, pi. of f^.j=s. jarhn ; — jurrdm, pi. of ,«)U. jdrini, name of a fish. y.\y^ jardmh, pi. trunk of the body and feet. ^j^\^ jurdmid, unhealthy , unwhole- some. ■y^\^ jardnuz, pi. oi -^yfi- jurmttz.^ (Jtj^^/s- jardmiq, pi. of Jp^fi- jarmnq. y\y^ jirdn, pi. jurun, ajrina-t, fore- neck, neck. (l^\y).) jtirdJiiiii, bulky, massy. &^\^ jardhiija-t, shrill voice; noise ; important ; excellent. U^j!). jardijd, pi. of iSiy^ jar'da-t. ^J3J\f^ jard'ihiyy, surgeon. cdf\^ 1^ mill jard'ilca=^^^f!- (:J^ nun jnr'ilxa. &>\^ jardya-f, course, run ; also jirdya-t, representation, deputa- tion ; — jirdya-t, salary ; — jard- ya-t, jirdya-t, ^/s- jard'iya-t, boldness, audacity ; tire of youth. (v_jy=.) jarib. A, INF. jarab, have the mange ; be rusty ; have mangy camels ; have a devas- tated country; — ii. inf. tajrib, experience, test, put to the test, jirobe ; get wise by experience ; — IV. INF. ijrdh, have mangy cattle; — V. INF. tujamib, be put to the test, p>robed, tried. >_>^=. jarab, mange, scab, itch ; I'ust ; blame ; rebuke ; — jarib, Yil.jirdtb, jurb, mangy, scabious; — jurb, pi. of v_>,=-^ ajrab, mangy, &c. ; pi. of ^f)- jirdb ; — jarrdb, short, little, small ; flatterer ; cheat ; — i jirba-t, pi. jirab, sown field ; leathern cover for protec- tion of a well ; — jarabba-t, troop. ^^ jarhd', heaven; f. of v_.^\ ajrab, mangy, &c. ; — jiribbd', jai-ibbd', front of a shirt. O^;^ jdi'bdn, pi. jarba, mangy, scabious ; — jirbdn, jurubbdn, scabbard ; sword-belt ; — jurub- bdn, front of a shirt ; — i jirib- bdna-t, boisterous woman. ()?/!-) jarbaz, inf. S , walk ; contract (n.) ; fall ; become a cheat. vys- 227 •iff- ^fi- jurhuz, sly, cunning ; cheat ; — » jarbaza-t, slyness ; ready wit. t)^f^ jarbd', jerboa=gy;i yarbn'. ^fi-jarba, pi. of (^^.^ jarbCin. ^.f>- jirbiyd', south-east ; north (wind). ( J'ys") jarsal, inf. i , scatter. ((^^), II. INF. tajarsum, take the largest part ; — ii. and iv. inf. ijrinmrn, fall (from on high) ; assemble and cling to the place ; shrink. (*yy=" j'^'t'sum, i jursuma-t, pi. jard- sim, root, origin ; root of the tongue ; noble extraction ; seat of the passions ; earth round the root of a tree ; pi. grandees, lords ; jursiima-t, ant-nest. *S»^ jirsi'a-t, wind-pipe ; throat, larynx. {tfi-} jarij, A, INF. jaraj, be loose ; walk on hard ground ; — ii. INF. tajrij, make loose, rickety, e/s- juraj, i jaraja-f, hard ground ; causeway ; — jarij, loose, rickety; — ' jw>'jci'-t, pi. i^i, juruj, tra- velling-bag ; knapsack. jW-;^ jarjdr, roaring ; — jnrjdr, ripe olives (m.) ; — i jarjdra-t, mill. (s-=.^) jarjab, inf. ii , eat ; empty. >—^y^ jurjubb, yWjT- jurjubbdn, belly ; inside. f!-f!- jarjar, inf. » , gurgle ; quaff ; roar with a gurgling noise ; — II. INF. tajarjwr, drink with a gurgling noise. (j-^y^ jirjis, wax ; sealing-wax ; book, leaf ; gnats, flies. {f^ft) jarjam, inf. ii , drink, eat ; throw down ; destroy ; — ii. INF. tajarjum, fall in ruins ; let one's self down ; crouch ; get destroyed ; eat and drink much. (jU=.ji^ jurjumdn, glutton, great eater, jyf.^ jurjur, pi. jarujir, tall, gene- rous camel ; troop ; thunder, peal, roaring ; pi. grandees. w*^fi- J ''']'■''> Greorges. (Cfi-) jarah, a, inf. jarh, wound ; injure, hurt ; make sick, ill ; accuse a witness of telling a lie ; seize ; strive to obtain, obtain ; — jarih, a, inf. jarah, be wounded; be rejected; — II. inf. tajrih, inflict many and severe wounds ; be on one's guard against being wounded ; — VII. INF. injirdh, be wounded ; — VIII. INF. ijtirdh, try to ob- tain ; commit evil or draw it on one's self ; (m.) perform miracles; — x. inf. idijrdh, be deteriorated, corrupted. C/t- jurh, ii , pi. jurilh, ajrdh, wound ; — (^ jarha, pi. of ^.^ jarih. (tf^) jarh, wheel; i)l. of t}fl- juruh, catapult (m. from Pers.). (j^) jarad, u, inf. jarcl, strip ; peel ; shave ; card ; draw the sword ; eat up the grass ; eat locusts ; receive nothing or grudgingly after asking ; — jarid, a, inf. jarad, be naked, bare, hairless ; have little hair ; lose the hair ; wear out ; fade ; get spoiled ; be eaten up by locusts ; have eruptions or (pass.) colic after eating lo- custs ; — II. inf. tajrid, peel, pare ; strip ; draw the sword ; loose the flesh from the bones ; prune ; wear threadbare clothes ; abstract, subtract ; separate, isolate ; detach, send detached troops ; — V. inf. tajarrud, be peeled, pared, shelled, stripped ; undress ; free one's self from ((J.-* min) ; loose itself ; renounce worldly things; devote one's self entirely to (J Ii) ; be taken in abstract sense ; be separated, isolated ; resemble ; cease to ferment ; — vii. inf. injirdd, be stripped, peeled, shaved, worn out ; have lost the hair ; be separated, isolated ; last long ; depart ; — vili. inf. ijti- ObC^. 228 ^fi- rdd, draw the swords against each other and fight. ■^fs- jard, shield ; f . » , pi. ajrdd, worn out, threadbare ; — jarad, baldness ; bare field, threadbare garment; — jarid, 'i , without any vegetation ; — jurd, pi. jurud, high bare mountains ; — jiu-d, pi. \'ifi- Jardn', f. of •^fA ajrad, bare, naked, &c. ; — is jarda-t, detachment, detached troops ; military expedition, campaign ; escort ; — jurda-t, nakedness, bareness, baldness. (^\j^ jurdihi, pi. janldiii, penis of hoofed animals. (^•^f!-) jar dah, INF. S, eat greedily; eat bread with one hand and push others back with the other hand. O^'^/s- jardahdn, (^•J;^ jardabiyy, eating greedily (adj.). (CV^) jardah, inf. i , stretch. ^'^f^ jirdahl, stout camel; valley; river-bed. ij'ifi- jardaq, ijardaqa-t, ]A.jari1diq, a thin cake. (J'^/^) jardal, inf. ii , stumble, fall. ic^fi-) jardam, inf. i, eat, eat up; gnaw, nibble; talk much and fast ; be above sixty vears old. (^•^fl- jardiyy, belonging to a high mountain-chain. (•i/)-) Java:, v, INF. j(ir^, harden in tumour form; — iv. inf. ijrih, lead out, take out ; separate ; compel. ij^ jaraz, tumour;- — jiirci:, pi. jur:iln, jirzdn, also (^i^-^fr jirzauii, pi. janhin, field-mouse ; rat ; — jari:, i , full of mice. (j/^) J«''f'z, ^> INF. jarz, cut off, lop ; annihilate, kill ; kirk ; sting, injure; hurt by epigrams, &c. ; eat quickly; — jaruz, inf. jan!za-t, be voracious ; — iv. INF. ijn'iz, have barren, rainless land ; be emaciated ; — vi. inf. tajtirnz, hurt, insult, inveigh against each other ; talk and act badly. 3;^ jarz, pi. ajrdz, without vegeta- tion, dry, barren ; — jirz, j)!. juruz, ajrdz, a coarse garment; — jurz, pi. ajrdz, jiraza-t, club, staff, sceptre (Pers.) ; — » jar- za-t, jaraza-f, destruction, anni- hilation ; — jurza-t, pi. juraz, bundle of hay, &c.; sheave; parcel, packet. (fijf^) jarzaiii, dry bread. (^^jff- jarznn, vine-branch, vine (m.). ((j-»j=.) jaras, i, v, inf. jars, pro- duce a low sound ; speak in a low voice ; lick ; suck ; — il. INF. tajris, speak in a low voice ; dishonour, put to shame ; disgrace one's self ; lead the criminal through the streets before execution ; render one experienced and well versed in a thing ; — IV. inf. ijrds, jjro- duce a low sound or noise, hum ; sing to the camels ; hear a low sound or noise ; — v. inf. tajarrus, speak in a low voice ; — VIII. inf. ijtirds, strive for. y»/>- jars, jirs, low sound, under- tone ; — jirs, root, origin ; — jaras, pi. ajrds, bell; — ijarsa-t, little bell, hand-bell; — jirsa-t, disgrace, ignominy ; dishonour- ing (s.). f^fi- jirsdin, j)leurisy (?). (u^;>) jaras, i, u, inf. jari-, rub, rub and knead ; comb ; peel, I'iire ; grind ; run slowly ; — VII. inf. injirdt!, be coarsely ground ; — viii. inf. ijtirds, strive for, endeavour to earn ; take, snatch, steal. ('-t-i';=-) jarsab, inf. i , recover from an emaciating disease ; h;iYo reached the turning age (woman). (^;>) jars'am, inf. ii=(c:.^^); also =(^^). i_^fi- Jirissa, soul ; anything ani- mate. u°/>- 229 af- (y^ys-) jarad, u, inf. jard, strangle, suffocate, smother ; — jarid, a, INF. jarad, not be able to swal- low one's spittle from anxiety, grief, &c. ; be in an agony of grief, &c. ; — iv. inf. ijnld, cause one to feel the greatest anxiety, &c. (l^^) jar da III, emaciated tottering old man ; — jurdum, jirdaiiiin, glutton, voracious eater. tj^f>- jurdd , j)l. of ij^.f)- jarid. (If!-) jarit. A, INF. jarat, almost choke with a morsel. itf^) ia™'. A, INF. jar' ; —jari', A, INF. jara', sip and swallow water ; — jari', A, inf. jara', be bold, daring, courageous ; — ii. INF. tajri', make one to eat or swallow a thing against his will ; encourage ; — ■ iv. inf. ijrd', submit ; incline ; fall ; — V. INF. tajarru', swallow, calm down, get tranquil ; show prowess ; — viii. inf. ijtird', swallow with one gulp ; break by one effort ; — » jar'a-t, jlr'a-t, jur'a-t, draught of water ; draught ; drink. (--*/^) ia™/> u, INF. jarf, jarfa-t, take up and remove ; shovel or sweep away ; scour ; hew, hoe ; — II. INF. tajrif, carry away ; dig out ; — IV. INF. ijrilf, reach and wash against (flood) ; — V. INF. tajarruf, take much or all, take away, carry off; — vii. INF. injiruf, be shovelled off ; — VIII. INF. ijtirdf, take away, carry away. •-^j^ Ja-i'L INF. of (^f^);—jirf, corner of the mouth ; — jirf, jurf, place not reached by a flood ; — jurf, pi. ajruf, jirafa-t, what is carried away by the water ; torn off or broken by a flood. ((j-i^) jar/as, inf. » , throw on the ground ; take away every- thing; eat much. (i^^fi-) jarkas, inf. s , embroider ; adorn, embellish (m.). (J^) jaril, A, INF. jaral, be hard; stony ; — iv. inf. ijriU, hit on stones in digging. 1^^ jaral, pi. ajrdJ, stone; stony ground ; — jaril, i , stony. iff)-) jaram, i, inf. jarin, commit a crime ; sin ; sin against ; cut off, take away ; — inf. jarm, jirdiii, jardm, reap dates ; — inf. jar III, estimate the produce of the date-crop ; shear ; gain, earn ; deserve ; urge ; — ii. inf. tajri 111, lop off, cut out; emi- grate ; — IV. INF. ijrdni, commit a crime, be guilty ; be great ; be pure ; have a pure voice ; stick, adhere ; — v. inf. tajar- ruiii, be completed, passed ; impute falsely a guilt to {^ 'ala) ; — viii. inf. ijtirdm, com- mit a crime ; cut off ; take away ; gather dates or estimate their produce ; gain, earn. Cf^ jarm, inf. of iff!-), cutting off, &c. ; Tp\.jiirihn, boat, barque (m.) ; — jaram, pi. ajrdm, sin, crime ; f>fi- S Id jaram-a (Id, jvrma), undoubtedly ; of course ; accordingly ; — jirm, pi. jvrum, juri'im, ajrdm, body, bulk ; colour; sound; — jurrani, pi. of C)^ jdrim. Q}^fi- jirmdn, body. (yy^) jarmae, inf. & , contract (n.), close (n.), unite (n.) ; flee; — II. INF. tajarmuz, happen to, fall to the share of, devolve upon (^ 'ala) ; — iii. ijramaxz, INF. ijrimzdz, contract, &c. = l. ^j^i^y^ jurmasaq, maple-tree. jyfi- jwmilz, j>l. jardmiz, cistern ; fountain-basin ; small house ; members of the body, see 'f'^'fi- jardmiz. ^y-f!- jarmiiq, galoche (Turk.), (y^) jaran, u, inf. jurun, grind ; be steady and zealous in any- thing, practise it ; be smoothed, polished ; — iv. inf. ijrdn, gather Q})^ 230 - jurai'a-t, little draught, sip ; (:>j>^\ e jural' at u-':--aqaii>, last gasp. - <-iif)- jarif, dry, 'withered. ftif^ jar! Ill, dry dates ; date-stones ; 6 , pi. jirdm, bulky, voluminous ; criminal, guilty; — 5 jarima-t, pi. jarci'im, sin, guilt, crime ; usurer ; punishment ; fine, mulct ; — jirrtma-t, tail. (^f)- jarin, jjI. juran, drying- place, drying or threshing-floor ; ground (adj.). fej^^j- jari'a-t, pi. jardyd, janVi, ambush or watching-place of a hunter ; — Jirri'a-1, crop of a bird. (>^) i«^'^> U) INF. jazz, jazza-t, jizza-t, shear, shave ; cut, mow ; reap, gather ;^^ — inf. juzitz, begin to dry (n.) ; — iv. inf. ijzdz, have corn to be reaped, sheep to be shorn ; be ripe for harvest ; begin to dry (n.) ; give to anyone (ace.) the pro- duce of the shearing ; — vii. INF. injizdz, get shorn ; — viii. INF. ijtizdz, ijdizdz, cut of£, shear, mow, reap ; — x. inf. istijzdz, be fit to be shorn, mown, reaped. ys- jaz\ pi. ajzd', portion, part, particle, atom ; piece ; ingre- dient ; division, section, volume of a work ; quire of paper ; foot of a verse ; female slaves ; — ii jizza-t, 'pl. jizaz, jizd'iz, shorn off wool, fleecej shearing of the year ; — jizza-t, jazza-t, pl. -dt, shearing; j wool; dates of the year ; (m.) clippings ; remainder of mulberry-leaves. (\y^') jaza', k, INF. jaz', take a part of (ace.) ; divide ; be content with {'-r' hi) one thing instead of (y.c 'an) another ; tie up, fix, fasten; — 1^)=- jazi, a, inf. jaz-an, be content with one thing instead of another ; — li. inf. tajzi', tajziya-t, divide ; cause to be content with ... in- stead of . . . ; suffice to (ace.) ; — IV. INF. ijzd\ content (a.) ; cause one to be content, &c. ; put the ring on (J li, (_j» /?) the finger ; have dense grass ; give birth to girls ; put a handle to a knife; — v. inp. tajazz!, be divided ; — v. and viii. ijtizzd', be content with (s-> hi) instead of (y.E 'an). ^j=5- jazd', requital, reward ; conse- quent proposition in a con- ditional sentence ; part, portion ; — jizd', INF. III. of ((jys-) ; — i juz'a-t, handle ; pole. (■}'Aj=)-)jazdjiz, pl. the testicles. j\y=^ jazzdr, butcher; slaughterer; cut-throat ; tyrant ; — 'i jazdra-t, head and feet of a sacrificed animal ; — jizdra-t, trade of a butcher ; butchery, slaughter, massacre. •,v, harvest : — iizdz yy^ jazii.z, jnn:;, narvest ; — jizaz, shearing (s.) ; — juzdz, & jnzd- za-t, pl. jazd'ir, gleanings, clip- pings, shavings, &o. ; — jazzdz, shearer. g\)=- juzd', impatient. U.\j^ jazdf, jizdf, juzdf, i jazdfa-t, &c., approximate estimation ; buying in the lump ; surmise, supposition ; by way of suppo- sition ; - — jazzdf, fisherman. J^j=- jizdl, jazdl, gathering of the dates ; — pl. of Jj=- jazl and Jj)=- jazil; — » jazdia-t, plenty, abundance ; eloquence ; mag- nificence ; high rank ; sharp intellect, penetration ; firmness ; energy. &>\y^ jizdt/a-t, taxation, tax. f\-f^ jazd'ir, pl. of !i;3)=- jazh-a-t and ^yj^jazih: y^ys. jazd'iz, pl. of 'ij\ys- JKzdza-t. (sj)^) jizh, share, portion ; — jnzh, pl. servants. (j;v=.) jazah. A, INF. jazh, set to work ; go to its lair ; beat the tree to make the leaves fall ; give a handsome present ; give part of one's fortune to an- other. pjv jazh, gift, present; — jazih, jazah, sharp, intelligent, pru- dent. )y^ 232 ifi- (jlr") i^^'^i'i i> 'P; INF. j'azj', jazdr, jizdr, cut, cut off ; — V, slaughter, kill, massacre ; — i, tr, inf. jazr, subside, fall, ebb ; — iv. inf. ijzdr, give to kill ; be proper to be killed ; be near death ; be ripe for harvest ; — v. see viii. ; — VI. INF. tajdzur, inveigh against each other ; — v. inf. tajazzur, viii. inf. ijtizdr, be left on the battle-field. jj^ jazr, juzr, ebb; sea; — jazar, land exposed to floods ; also S jazara-t, sheejJ to be slaughtered ; — Jazar, jazir, S , turnip ; parsnip ; { — jtiziirekud — <^\)j^ j/iziirdf, pi. of jjjs. j(Y?.vu'. i^j)=- jazariyy, insular ; islander ; Mesopotamian. )ys- jazaz, anything cut ; — ,'pzaz, pi. of iy=- jizza-f. (gj=-) jaza'. A, inf. jaz', cross, traverse ; cut off ; give part of one's fortune to another ; — jazl', A, inf. jaza', juzit', grow impatient under sufferings ; be sad, grieved, seized by fear ; be importunate, molest ; — ii. inf. tajz'i', cut into slices or pieces; exhaust one's patience ; be ripe by two-thirds ; mark with black and white dots ; — iv. inf. ijzd\ render impatient ; leave part ; — V. INF. tajazzu', get broken; — VII. INF. ivjizd', get broken, torn ; — VIII. INF. ijtizd', break, cut, tear. ^y=^ jaz', jk', i , a shell ; glass bead ; onyx ; pi. ajzd', winding of valley, width of valley ; bee- hive ; — JKz', saffron ; — jiiz', jazi', axis of a pulley ; — jaza', impatience; fear; — jazi', jazii', impatient ; — ii jiz'a-f, small numbir or (juantity ; a little water; also /((."'«-/, part of the night; — jiiz'a-t, handle of a knife. (^»ji-) jazaf, estimate approxi- mately, surmise ; — ill. inf. nntjdzafa-t, buy or sell in a lump ; — V. INF. tajazzuf, select ; — VIII. INF. ijtizdf, buy in a lump. (Jys-) jazal, I, INF. jazl, cut, cut through, cut off; distribute; cut asunder ; make sore ; — jazil. A, INF. jazal, be soi-e ; — jazul, be considerable, nume- rous, abundant ; be very pru- dent ; — IV. INF. ijzdl, make sore ; be liberal to (J Ji) ; give in addition. J)=- jazl, liberal, generous ; intel- ligent, prudent ;=J?.>=" _;'aJ!?Z ; pi. juziU, ajzdl, jizdl, thick wood for burning ; — jizl, » jizla-t, bunch of dates; — i jV«?a-^, leathern bag for milk ; basket. Cy^ jazam, i, inf. jazm, cut off, lop ; break off ; fulfil a vow or oath ; mark a consonant with jazm ; pronounce or read slowly and distinctly ; fill ; impose ; estimate the produce of a palm- tree ; be discouraged and in- capable ; conceal, keep silent about a matter ; — ii. inf. tajzlm, fill ; be discouraged and incapable ; conceal ; — v. inf. tajazzum, be broken; — vii. inf. injizdm, be cut off ; be inter- rupted, left undone ; be broken ; be marked with jazm ; be solved ; — VIII. INF. ijiizdm, estimate the produce of a palm-tree ; receive part of a fortune ; buy. (•j=- jazm, cutting off (s.) ; also jazma-t, absence of a vowel and sign thereof — ; shortened aorist ; equality of the characters in writing; pen with a broad nib; decision; apodictieal proposition; — jizm, i jizma-t, part, portion, share ; ji-ma-t, herd ; (ni.) boot ; — 'ijaziiia-t, a single meal, (o}^) jc^»> pl- ajzini, thick wood for burning. (;j=.) jazd, V, INF. jazw, subdue, subjugate; — I, inf. jazd', re- quite, reward, punish ; sufiice ; pay ; — III. INF. jizd', mujdzdf', if>- 233 e~^ requite; wish to anybody that God may reward him ; ■ — iv. INP. ipiV, suffice ; satisfy ; sup- ply another's place insufficiently ; put a handle to a knife ; — vi. INF. tajilzi, requite or satisfy one another ; get rewarded or punished ; press one to do a thing; demand the payment of a debt; — viii. inf. ijtixd', ask for a reward or requital ; do what is agreeable to another ; requite ; be zealous and perse- vering in a matter. j}y=- jazi'ir, pi. jazair, juzur, jitznrat, animal to be slaughtered ; camel for a sacrifice. ))y^ j'ftzra, ii ja«ilza-t, shorn or to be shorn. tiy^ja^i'i', impatient. ij}-f- juzwiyy, Tpl. jvzwiyya-t, small portion, trifle ; a little of ; un- important. (tS)=^)i«2«, I. nsF.jaz,r = {,j^). ^Jys■ jazi', sufficient ; — juzy and ^Jy^ juz'iyy, particle, small quantity, a little ; f . 6 , partly, in a small quantity ; special, particular ; pi. juziyydt, particles, trifles, details; — ' ji^^ya-f, pl- j'''^y> J'''^«> i'«'''' capitation-tax ; custom-tax ; pro- duce of the ground. f.j=)- jizzh', butcher ; slaughterer ; tyrant; — S jazira-t, lA. jaziVh; island ; peninsula ; land exposed to floods; al-jazira-t, Mesopo- tamia; al-jaziVir, Algiers; ^^\ uiASi\^\ al-jazd'iru 'l-hdlidiltn, the Canary Islands. j>j=5- jaztz, cut, shorn ; — 5 jaziza-t, tuft of wool. &*>y?- jazi'a-t, separate j)art ; — • jiizai'a-t, small flock of sheep. '-a>j=- jazif, fishing-net; buying in a lump. Ji>j:^ jazil, pi. jizdl, much, many, numerous, abundant ; great ; eloquent ; energetic. (^^:=.) jass, feel, touch ; investigate, spy out ; — V. INF. tajassns, vin. INF. ijtisds, id. ; touch or seize with the lips. u~=5- jas', rough skin ; ice. (L»5.) jasa', A, INF. jiis'(i-f, jusii, be hard ; get dry and callous. ^=- jas'd', callous; — ^ j^is'a-f, callousness. ^\.^^jisdd, saffron ; — jiisdd, belly- ache. Sj^— =. jasdra-f, foolhardiness. -L inqmrer ^J^\~=i. jdssds, pryiut spy- ftK..^ jisdin, pi. of ^s—^ jasiin ; — jasdm, corpulent, bulky ; — » Jasdiuii-t, corpulence ; bulk, bulkiness ; importance. yV„=. jussdn, pi. players on the tambourine. (juv.:^) jasid, A, INF. jasad, stick, adhere ; — ii. inf. iajskl, iv. ijsdd, cause to adhere, glue ; pass, be impregnated; — v. inf. tajassud, embody one's self, take flesh and blood. ji— V jasad, lA. iijsdd, jiiand, body, flesh ; blood ; saffron ; the golden calf ; — jasad, jasid, coagulated. j_5>\ji~!i. jasaddniyy, t^^^™^ jasdnjy, bodily, corporeal ; carnal, ma- terial. (j_=.) jasar, u, inf. jasdra-t, dare, venture boldly ; be foolhardy ; INF. jiisilr, jasdra-t, leave off covering (stallion) ; walk ; travel over or through ; build a bridge ; — II. INF. tajsir, render bold, brave ; — vi. inf. fujdsur, venture boldly, be foolhardy; vie in boldness ; stretch one's self, lift up the head ; brandish a stick ; — VIII. INF. ijti.sdr, travel over, across ; sail. j-=- jasr, jisr, pi. ajsiir, bridge ; dam ; causeway supporting-beam; — jnsr, and strong; brave ;—J»sr,./»SH)-, pi. oi j)~^ jasih: (._j;~=.) jasrah, long. (2^=.) jasa', A, INF. ,/((s' jusin; (m.) i. biff , chew the 30 234 cud; vomit; — vill. IIUF. ijtisa', id. (,»->.=-) jasam, inf. jasama-i, be bulky, big, corjjulent ; — ii. inf. tajshn, mate big, corpulent, bulky ; increase ; exaggerate ; bring into bodily shape, in- corporate, embody ; — v. inf. iajassum, be or grow corpulent, bulky ; be incorporated, em- bodied, incarnate ; assault ; travel to ; elect ; undertake anything great ; begin a thing at the principal and most diffi- cult part ; ascend a mountain on the steepest side. I> — ^ jism, pi. ajsdm, jusiim, body ; substance ; bulk, mass. yU--=._/Msm!?K, body ; bulk; mass; — iS jasm I'l n iyy, bodily ; material ; — h jismdniyya-t, corporality ; materiality. "^H — =- jismiyya-t, corporality ; ma- teriality. (^~=-) jasci, u, INF. jusuww, jasiv, be hard ; — inf. ^=^ jasan, jusuivw ; get dry, wither ; — INF. jusuwv), grow decrepit ; freeze ; — iii. inf. mujdsdt, be hostile to (ace). jj — =. jasih; pi. jMsr, jusnr, bold, courageous, brave. gy-s. jusi'i', niggardliness. ■i-i—^ jasid, coagulated. ,j~;~=- jasis, spy. ^ ^_^ jashn, pi. jisdm, bulky, cor- pulent ; important, difficult ; highly esteemed. (u^) i**''^') u> i*'^- jf^^i'i pound, grind coarsely ; beat ; clean, sweep ; shed ; — iv. inf. ijs'ds, pound, grind ; be covered with densely grown plants. jass, middle of the desert ; middle of the body ; stony ground ; — i"-", pi- jisds, moun- tain-chain ; an hour of the ni^'ht ; — jn-'i', pi. jas'iif, ajsd', light bough, branch ; much, many ; — ' Jassa-t, brothers, relations; servants; also jiixsa-t, troop of travellers ; departure ; — jussa-t, loud noise, tumult; violent sneezing. (yi^) ja^a', A, inf. juhV, yi-^ jus', jasa', be deeply moved ; belch ; emigrate ; darken (n.), threaten, lurk, impend ; — ii. inf. Uijsi'a-t, V. taja^s'u', belch; — viii. inf. ijtisd', not suit, not feel com- fortable in a place (ace). V.i^ jusiV, i jus'd'a-t, belching ; ir- ruption. j\a^ jusdr, cough ; — jasMr, owner, possessor ; — ^^ jas'sdriyy, menial taking care of the cattle. &^\Ji.^ jasdma-i, heavy work. (s-Ji^) jaiab, inf. jasb, grind coarsely ; break ; spoil, render vile, humiliate; — v, also jasih, A, INF. jasab, be coarse and without a by-dish (food) ; — jasub, INF. jusuba-t, be coarse and bad. v~^ jasb, coarse food ; — jusb, skin of an orange. ((ji<5-!u=.) jasjas, INF. 6 , clean, (-io.) jaiar, v, inf. jasr, drive the cattle to the pasture and leave it there all night ; let the horses graze in front of the house ; leave, leave behind ; — inf. jusur, break forth, shine; — jas'ir, a, INF. jasar, be hard and rugged ; also pass, have a cough or hoarseness ; — ii. inf. tajsir, drive the cattle to the pasture. ;-i^ ja.^) jadd, u, I, jadd, swagger in walking ; (m.) clamour, cry out ; — also II. tajdid, attack with a sword or lance ; run very fast ; — » jadda-t, clamour, noise (m.). (^♦A;.) judum, glutton, voracious eater ; — hence v. inf. tajaddum, seize with the mouth. ()aJ) jazz, u, INF. jazz, push back, drive away ; throw to the ground ; lie with a woman ; be short and fat ; run fast ; render anxious, sorrowful ; — iv. inf. ijzdz, be proud. (C^) i*"> ^' ^^^- J'^"' ^^* earth, clay ; pelt with clay ; — ii ji'a-t, beer. i^Us. ja"db, iS ja"dbiyy, maker of quivers ; — » ji"dba-t, his trade. ^Kioi. ja'dr, hyena ; — ji'dr, rope. ^U/> ju'df, torrent. Jl«=. ji'dl, pi. ju'ul, also » ja'dla-t, ji'dla-t, ju'dla-t, pl.ja'd'il, pay- ment, pay, wages ; bribe ; (m.) pension. y«>>U». ja'dnis, pi. beetles. (s-<*=!-) ja'ab, I, INF. ja'b, throw down ; make quivers ; gather ; turn, turn round (a.) ; — ii. INF. taj'ib, throw down; — v. INF. taja"ub, VII. inf. inji'db, pass, of the last ; — ii ja'ba-t, pi. ji'db, quiver ; (m.) barrel of a gun. (p*^) ja'bar, inf. 6 , throw down. (_r~f«'?- jti'bus, (j-^«^ ju'bus, stupid. ^l-^*?■ ja'bala-t, haste, hurry. '~>}f*^ ju'bi'ib, pi. ja'bdbib, the black part of a wick. ^•^^^ ja'taba-t, greed, avidity, covetousness. (^ix=-) ja'sam, lean ; weak ; — ii. INF. taja'siim, contract (n.), shrink, draw in. gVas*:^ ja'jd', narrow, uncomfort- able place ; prison ; battle- field. (gi5>*^) ja'ja', INF. i , bring to a narrow uncomfortable place, confine, shut up ; hold fast ; be in such a place ; slaughter ; make the camels kneel down or rise ; clapper ; — ii. inf. tajaju', throw one's self on the ground from pain. (jufcs.) ja'ud, iNF.ja'dda-t,ju'ikla-t, be curly; — ii. inf. taj'ld, curl (a.), frizzle ; dress the hair ; wrinkle, rumple ; have project- ing muscles or bones ; — v. inf. taja"ud, be curly, frizzled, wrinkled ; be contracted. J«=^ ja'd, i , pi. ji'dd, curly, curly- haired ; curl, lock of hair ; crooked; liberal, and, by op230- sition, miserly ; — ii ja'da-t, curl, lock of hair ; curly-haired (f .) ; sj,«=. y\ abii ja'da-t, wolf. djjjuj. ju'daha-t, water-bubbles ; spider's web. (jj«=.) ja'dar, short, small. ( Jjjtf) ja'dal, strong, brave. ^£Ji^»^ ja'zariyy, voracious. (j*^) ja'ar, a, inf. ja'r, drop excrement; (m.) low, bellow; — V. inf. taja"ur, tie a rope (J*-*^ 236 round the waist ; — vii. i7i.ji'dr=i. INF. ((j~«?-) ja'as, ease the bowels ; — V. INF. iaja''us, consider impure; talk ribaldry to (J U). u~**- ja's, excrement, dung ; place where it falls. (j-j~«^ ju'si'is, pi. ja'ihts, little, small, contemptible. s-~*^ ja's'ah, long and thick, ^vi'*:^ ja's'am, middle, placed in the middle. (W) ja'a;, A, INF. ja';, repel; — IV. INF. ij''h, id. ; flee. jUi*^ ji'zdr, i ji'^nva-i, dwarf; boaster. i}^^^) ja':nr, inf. i , run clumsily ; flee. <4;^°*^ ja'±or///2/=jUi*=. ji'znr. (i-^*^) ja'af, A, inf. j'a'/, throw to the ground ; cut down ; tear or pluck out ; IV. INF. ij'i'lf, throw to the ground ; — vii. INF. iiiji'ilf, be torn out ; — viii. INF. ijti'^if, tear out. (f*^) Ja'fiii', brook, rivulet; river, stream ; 5 y^ ahn ja'far, fly. hf*^ ja'farii/i/a-t, art of a sooth- sayer. (Jb*?-) ja'faJ, INF. ii , strike one dead from his horse. (J*^) ja'al A, INF. Ja'I, put, place, pile ; put upon (^ 'ala, J li); give; — INF. ja% jn'l, ja'(Ua-f, ji'i'ilii-t, make, do ; effect, prei)are, produce ; instal, name ; take for, consider, deem ; invest (capital, &e.) ; fix (as payment, wages, a pension) ; make a condition for {ij^ 'ala) ; undertake, begin ; — 11. inf. tiij'U, assemble (a.) ; gather (n.) ; — III. INF. mi'jd'ala-t, give a bribe ; — iv. make, effect ; fix and pay wages ; drop young ones ; be hot ; abound in dung-flies ; — vi. inf. tajd'ul, agree for wages or a payment; — vii. inf. iiiji'iij, be placed, put; — VIII. inf. ijii'i'l, place, put, pile ; make, do ; be done, effected ; receive wages ; — x. INF. istij'dl, be hot (bitch). J*=^ ja'l, i, small palm-tree; palm-shoot ; adulteration ; — jw'Z, pi. aj'nl, pay ; j)ension ; present ; — ju'al, pi. ji'ldn, dung-fly ; scarabaeus ; common, mean ; watchman ; — ju'ul, pi. of J W ji'dl. (udW) ja'lak; inf. i , crumjtle (m.). ij''^ ja'hyi/, adulterated, false, not genuine. (^=-) ja'am, have an appetite; muzzle; — ja'iii>, A, inf. ja'm, ja'am, desire strongly, have great appetite, and, by oppo- sition, have no ajjpetite ; have a thick voice ; lose the teeth from old age ; — iv. inf. ij'dm, up-root ; be bare, grazed off ; — V. INF. taja"um, desire. (!=**=-) j!''i)i»^, old miser. (y*?-) ja'aii, inf. ja'n, contract (n.), get wrinkled ; relax or be relaxed; — iv. inf. ij'd/i, be hard and fat. (h-^'«=-) Jn'«n6, small, dwarfish. i)*^) ja'd, V, INF. ja'iv, gather dung in a heap; — ja'u-, heaj), dung-hill. ^'^)^^ ju'uda-f, curliness. si)*^ ju'iil, -puj ; pension. ^■^^!:X=-ju'aiddiyy, men of the popu- lace (m.). &L>»=- ja'ilu-t, lA.ja'ii'il, pay ; (m.) flock of sheep ; company of herdsmen. i.^j\ji^ jagrdjiyya-t, geography (m.). (._a=.) Jaff, I, A, also for jafif\ a, INF. jr'fdf, jtifi'f, dry, get dry, wither ; — n, inf. jaff, collect and take away ; — n. inf. tajfdf, fajfif, dry thoroughly (a.) ; put the war-armour on a horse ; move the wings ; — v. inf. tajaffi'f, be dry"; — viii. inf. y^i/'i'/) eat up, drink out. "-"^ J"/, calyx of the palm; large number, crowd; anything hol- low, hollow tooth ; case ; bucket ; ^ 237 Jot- — ' if#'«-') jujfa-t, numerous cavalcade, crowd ; — juffa-t, large bucket. (W) jafa', A, INF. ja/', throw up mud, foam, &c. ; scum ; empty tlie pot into a plate ; lock, and, by opposition, open the door ; eradicate ; throw to the ground ; — IV. iNP. ijfii', V. tajaffi, throw up mud, foam, &c. ; lock or open ; wear out and starve a beast of burden ; throw down ; — VIII. INF. ijtif'i', tear out by the root and throw away. W jafd', tyranny, cruelty, op- pression ; boorishness ; misuse ; — j'^f'^'j what is carried away by the stream ; foam ; empty ship; what is in vain; jufiVan, in vain. t^ jo-ffc^! proud boaster. i«,U=. jafdsa-t, stomach-ache. JU=- jiifiH, also ' jufilla-t, foam, scum ; what is carried away by a stream ; jufdla-t, fleeing crowd; — jufiH, thick hair; — Juff,n,-^\.oij,1fil. ii\si^ jufuija-i , empty ship. (c:^i:s.)j VIII. INP. ijiifut, take everything away, carry off, re- move. - juft, a pair. (<_aa^) jafjaf, INF. i , hold firm, retain, seize, gather and keep together ; — ii. inf. tajafjuf, ruffle the feathers, covering the eggs with the wings ; be half dry. .-a^sto^- jafjaf, low ground ; plain ; violent ; raving, in delirium. {(J^) jafah, A, INF. jafh, boast ; be proud ; hasten, hurry ; — iii. INF. miijilfa/^a-t, boast to. (^=.) jafar, r, inf. jrt/r, also v., x., be full grown, four months old (lamb) ; — u, inf. jufur, be wide, spacious ; be inflated ; recover ; — iv. inf. ijfi!r=i. ; keep apart from one's wife ; be concealed ; neglect ; leave off ; — X. INF. isfijfiir=^i.; blow. /=>■ j'lfr, art of soothsaying ; — also 6 jiifra-l, pi. jifdr, jafam-f, jufi'ir, fijj'ih; spacious and half- full well ; full-grown lamb ; f. ii , pi. jafara-t, child beginning to eat ; — ii jufra-i, pi. jufur, jifdr, middle; inside; hollnw, hole ; belly ; bulk ; large dis- trict ; — 1^ jafriyy, spathe of the palm (also _/m/7' )•)•((); soothsayer; maker of amulets. (^) jafi, quick steji. ((j~A=.) jafis, A, INF. jafas, jifdm-t, suffer from indigestion, have a stomach-ache. u"^ j'ifi, jafis, degenerate ; stupid. (ya4=.) jafas, INF. jufiha-t, be sour, acid (m.). ijsi^ jafis, sour, acid ; refractory, obstinate (m.). (ta^) jafz, filling up, being full, fulness ; cable. {^) jafa', A, INF. jaf, throw to the ground. (J*^) J<^M' u, INF. jufiU, walk along with a light and swift step ; run ; flee ; shy and run away ; blow violently ; put to flight ; be dishevelled ; — i, INF. jafl, peel, skin, loose the flesh from the bones ; shovel away ; throw out ; throw to the ground ; chase, carry along ; burn (a.) ; — ii. inf. tajfil, put to flight, frighten ; peel ; re- move ; — IV. INF. ijfdl, run away, flee, speed off ; urge to speed ; put to flight ; frighten ; — V. INF. fajafful, ruffle the feathers of the neck ; flee ; tremble with fear ; — vii. inf. injifi'il, hasten away ; hurry by ; be carried along swiftly ; disap- pear. Jiq- jafl, fear ; alarm ; flight ; tim"id ; rain-cloud ; pi. jufnl, black ant ; ship. (jhi:;. jaflitn, timid, timorous. isisi^ jaflaqa-t, hypocrisy ; dissimu- lation. > 238 > 1.^4?- jafla, commonalty ; general (invitation), opposed to <4;» tiaqra. ((:)*5-) i*/«») TJ> INF. jd/n, keep aloof from anything vile or impure ; slaughter a camel and place it in dishes before the guests ; — II. INF. tajfin, place the dish on the table ; — iv. INF. ijf'in, indulge in sexual intercourse. tV^ jafn, pi. jufihi, ajfun, ajfdn, eye-lid ; also jifn, scabbard ; vine-shoot ; vine ; — ' jafna-t, pi. -at, jifctn, large and deep dish or plate of vrood ; small well ; a noble, generous man ; man-of-war ; — jiifna-t, pi. ji(-fan, vine-branch. (^) jafa, u, I, INF. jafw, jafan, jafd, oppress, treat cruelly, ty- rannise ; be insolent ; trouble- some ; molest ; — inf. jafwa-t (also VI.), neglect; — take off the saddle ; — r, inf. jafd', jafd'a-t (also vi.) ; be restless, swerve, shrink from ; — iii. INF. mujdfdt, maltreat ; remove, take away ; — iv. inf. ijfd', treat cruelly and unjustly, injure ; take off the saddle ; — VI. INF. tajdfi, see I. ; (m.) abuse one another ; — viii. inf. ijtifd', move, remove; — x. inf. istijfd', deem cruel and unjust. ^^jafiv, 6 jafwa-t, j if tea -t, cruelty, oppression, injustice. Jy^ jafill, pi. jufiU, fleet ; pi. jafl, bringing clouds. (fya-t=^ jafw, S . wJi=. jaftr, quiver ; case, scabbard ; — ^jafira-t, portfolio (m.). t_ r .'A=>- jafis, weak ; stupid. ^^>iM- jafh, swollen. ^jiSq. j6f_/i/', dry. J**^ j«/i7, jaffU, timid, timorous. (^)jaqq, V, ivv.jaqq, drop excre- ment. O^ i«22' pl- Jh"'^' rectum. {f,^) jaqim, arrogant, insolent ; — hence : vi. inf. tajdqum, be inso- lent towards {,_^ 'ala). i^:^ jahjaha-t, clash, clinking. (^) jaUr, INF. jakar, be impor- tunate; (m.) be offended, nettled, angry ; — iii. inf. mujdkara-t, (m.) offend, in-itate, spite ; — IV. INF. ijkdr, press to buy ; — » jakra-t, anything necessary ; business, affair. (^\yi^ jah-dn, offended, nettled shine out, be great, powerful, sublime ; be terrible ; — inf. jaldl, jaldla-t, be old and ex- perienced ; — inf. julul, jail, migi'ate, emigrate ; — u, inf. jail, jalla-t (also viii.), gather dung ; — INF. jail, cover an animal with a cloth ; — ii. inf. iajlil, be general ; honour ; cover a horse with a cloth, saddle a mule ; — iv. inf. ijldl, deem great, powerful, &c. ; honour ; give much ; take off the covering ; be strong, and, by opposition, weak ; — v. inf. tajallul, surpass in greatness, &c. ; be honoured ; receive the best part ; be covered, clad ; sit on horseback ; — vi. inf. tajdll, scorn ; — vii. inf. injildl, be honoured ; — viii. inf. ijtildl, see I. ; take the best part to one's self. J"!- jail, Jill, great, glorious, sub- lime ; rough, rude ; — jail, jiill, pi. juhU, sail; — jiM, t^\. jildl, ajldl, jiilitl, covering, saddle- cloth, pack-saddle ; veil ; prin- cipal part, the whole ; rose, jessamine (Pers. J^) ; (m.) avenue of trees ; — 4 jiUa-t, old, old woman ; grandees, pi. of jah'l ; — jiilla-t, pi. jildl, basket of dry dates. u 239 (I^) jala', A, INF. jaV, jail', jald'at, throw down, throw away, pelt. 1^=5- jalan, jald, emigration ; exile ; — jald', splendour, brightness, polish ; — jild', a kind of col- lyrium ; a honorary title ; inf. III. of (y^) ; — jalld', pi. -im, who wipes, smoothes, polishes. v*^ jildb, wallet ; case, scabbard ; — jalldb, pi. -un, importer of goods, cattle, slaves ; — julldb, rose-water ; a kind of sherbet ; — & jalldba-t, boisterous woman. s-^IW jaldbtb, pi. of s^WW jilbdb. 'i'^ jalldd, skinner; executioner; — » jalnda-t, hardness ; activity ; perseverance, patience ; firm- ness ; prompt justice. (C>>1^^) julddih, pi. jalddih, long. ^JS%f. juldziyy, strong and stout; artisan ; monk ; sacristan. 4iSk^ jaldfa-t, hardness, roughness, rudeness. JSi=. jaldl, splendour, majesty, glory, power ; — jildl, sail ; (m.) pack-saddle ; — j^ddl, julldl, f. 6 , great, glorious ; — » jaldla-t, human greatness ; majesty (title). ^Ji%■ jildldtiyy, maker of pack- saddles. ■iii!^%- jaldmid, pi. of ■^y*^ julmad. i'ii^jildh, pi. banks (of rivers). ijni^ juldhiq, bullet ; stone to be thrown by a sling ; weaver. i)j%- jaldwiza-t, pi. of j\^ jilwdz. H-^S^^ jald'ib, imported female slaves. (wJi^) jalab, I, TJ, INF. jalb, jalab, pull, draw, drag, bring ; im- port ; seek gain by business transactions ; plan a stratagem ; cry out, call to ; urge on ; be bound for a place ; assemble ; incite ; dry up ; inf. juluh, cover itself with a thin skin (healing wound) ; — v, sin, transgress ; — jalib, a, inf. jalab, gather (n.) from all sides against (^J^ 'ala) ; — ii. inf. tcjl'b, raise a cry, cry out at, urge on ; collect from every- where, import ; gain the good will of a person ; draw upon one's self ; — iii. inf. mujdla- ba-t, help ; — iv. inf. ijldb, cry out, raise a clamour or tumult ; urge on ; be bound for a place ; plan a stratagem ; threaten ; be dried up ; heal (n.) ; cover the saddle with fresh leather ; help ; call together, collect ; gather (n.) ; — V. inf. tajalhih, raise a clamour or tumult ; — vii. inf. injildb, be imported ; — viii. INF. ijtildb, collect and export cattle, &c. ; draw upon one's self ; earn, acquire ; — x. inf. istijldb, have anything im- ported, order a thing ; try to attract or gain the favour of anybody. jalb, importation, import ; crime, transgression ; — jilb, a small saddle ; — julb, darkness of night ; anything stripped ; booty ; cloud ; — jalab, pi. ajhlb, clamour, noise, tumult ; im- ported goods, cattle, slaves ; cattle- or slave-dealer ; — jullab, pi. otjdlib, healing ; • — 5 julba-f, skin of a healing wound ; leather ; pi. jalab, hoop ; year of famine ; need ; — jalaba-t, clamour, tumult, sudden in- vasion. ^^julabd', pi. of '-r'4^ jaVib. ^\^ jilbdb, jilibbdb, pi. jaldbtb, wide shirt, wrapper, long veil, tunic ; pi. slaves ; mosquito- net ; fillet. SjUl?. jalbdra-f, cast a net (m.). yLi=. jullubdn, pea, vetch (m. juTbdn) ; boisterous person ; — i julubbdna-t, boisterous wo- man. (u_U=-) jalbab, inf. S , dress with a jilbdb ; — ii. inf. tajalbub, be dressed with it. 240 ii^ ^U- jilhi/i, disaster, calamity ; de- crepit old woman. ixS^ jalhada-f, neigh. (j-J^) julahiz, hard, brave. 4JL.L. jalbaqa-t, clamour, noise, tumult. ^-L- jaiha, pi. of '--^^ jcdJh. (c^Jc^) jalai, I, iNP. jalt, beat ; — VIII, INF. ijfUot, id. ; eat uj). ~1=. jiilaj, Leginning of dawn; — jalnj, i, pi. jaliij, jihij, skull; bubble ; — i jalaja-i, Calvary. (Jai=i.)jaljal, INF. ' , shake, move (a.) ; mix (a.) ; frighten, con- fuse ; twist tightly ; touch and make to sound ; cry out, call aloud ; clap, thunder ; neigh ; — II. INF. tajaljid, be dipped into, sink; be beaten, shaken, fall in ruins. Jjs=l=- jiiljnl, pi. joh'ijiJ, little bell ; strings of such to adorn the necks of cattle, &c. ; — ' jal- jaJa-t, skull. yiUi=. juJjidnn, coriander-seed ; sesame ; core, bottom of the heart, (gli.) jalah, A, INF. jalh, browse; — jalih, A, INF. jalah, be bald on the sides of the forehead, grow bald ; — ii. inf. tajVh, browse entirely off ; attack ; be bold, courageous ; set to work, continue, perp)etrate ; — iii. inf. mnjalaha-t, make known; jiub- lish ; show one's self proud, empassioned, hostile. fJ^ jalah, baldness; — ,/'(//', pi. of ji=.\ ajlali, bald; — i jalaha-f, front part of the head; bald- ness. ^ai:^ jilhiV, i jilhn'a-i, barren, sterile. (^jsW) jaUjaz, miserly, mean. (,»^=-) jaUiam, inf. i , twist a rope; — ii. inf. fajaJhtaii, as- semble (n.). (t^~-) jalah, A, INF. jalh, fill up ; cut 0&. a piece of llesh ; skin ; throw to the i;r()und ; lie with a woman ; stretch, lengthen, extend; — ix. inf. ijllh'ih, be weak and soft of bones ; stretch out the arms in prayer ; — xv. INF. ijlinha, fall in ruins. (s-jil=-). III. INF. ijlihliah, fall down. (,wiW), III. INF. ijlihmihn, be numerous, assembled in a crowd ; be proud. (jj.=.) jalad, I, INF. jald, jalda-t, beat, hit, scourge, whip ; skin, flay ; comp)el ; throw down ; sting ; lie with a woman ; com- mit onanism ; — jalid. A, inf. jalad, be damaged by hoar frost ■,=:jahid, inf. jalad, jala- da-t, juluda-f, tnajlml, be hard, tough, strong ; be prudent and active ; pass, be injured by hoar frost ; — II. inf. tajlid, skin, flay ; have whipped, scourged ; bind (a book) ; cause to freeze, freeze; — iii. inf. jilad, muja- lada-t, show one's self hard, energetic, i)ersevering towards ; fight with ; — IV. INF. ijldd, be covered with hoar frost ; be injured by it ; cause one to take refuge with another ; — v. INF. tajallud, show one's self hard, energetic, persevering, patient ; be bound (book) ; — VI. INF. fajahid, fight, whip each other ; — VII. inf. injihhl, be whipped, scourged ; — viii. inf. ijtllad, id. ; drink out. ^ jald, pi. jalda, hard, prudent ; active and strong ; flogging, whipping, scourging (s.) ; pi. ajhJd, jihal, juhid, energetic, active ; — jild, i , pi. juh'id, .skin, hide ; leather ; binding (of a book) ; volume ; price ; — jidd, pi. of ^=-\ ajlad, ha,i-d;— jalad, hardness, perseverance ; endur- ance, patience ; firmament ; hard ground ; —jidnd, see above ; pi. of ■^^^ jaltd. (v'^) /(//(?«&, hard, severe. (•iW) j»/f, pi. Dianajiz, mole. tS^U- jid:iii}j = ^^i%. juhhiyy. h 241 (3W (^) jalaz, 1, INF. jalz, fold and wrap up ; twist firmly together ; (also II.), tie round with the sinew of the camel's neck ; extend, stretch; pull out; — II. INF. tajUz, see i. ; depart quickly; — v. inf. tajalluz, be ready for action. )W jalz, sinew of a camel's neck for tying. ((j-Jfl-) jalas, I, INF. julus, majlas, sit, sit down ; hold a session, grant an audience ; (m.) be placed upright ; travel to Najd, the Arabian highlands ; — ii. INF. tajlts, place upright ; cause to sit ; — III. INF. mujdlasa-t, sit down by, sit in company with (ace.) ; — iv. inf. ijlds, order or beg to sit down ; — v. INF. tajallus, sit down, bold a session or conference ; — vi. inf. tajdlus, sit down together. (j-i=- jals, high land ; the country of Najd ; lady; strong camel; member of an assembly, guest ; pond ; time ; wine ; thick ; — yi7«=y~sl=. jalis ; — » jalsa-t, pi. jalasdt, session ; assembly, company ; state, condition ; — jilsa-t, way of sitting ; — jula- sa-t, person who always sits at home. ^~-^julasd', pi. of ij-'i^ jalis. («L.1=. jilsdm, pleurisy. (Us.) jalat, I, INF. jalt, lie, tell a lie ; swear, take an oath ; draw (a sword) ; shave ; skin, flay ; drop excrement ; — v. inf. tajallut, fight against by strata- gem ; — vir. INF. injildt, fall down ; — viii. inf. ijtildt, steal secretly ; drink out ; — S julta-t, thick milk. ^i^jaltd', loose. (^) jala'. A, INF. juhV, be naked ; strip ; — jali^, a, inf. jala', be open ; be impudent, talk ri- baldry ; quarrel in a game, over the wine, in dividing the booty ; — VII. inf. injild', be uncovered, bared, stripped. gl* jaW, 6 , impudent, shameless. i'-^-^*^) jal'ab, i , malignant, ma- licious ; — hence : iii. ijla'abh, INF. ijli'hdh, lie down on one's side and stretch one's self out ; depart ; exert one's self in walking ; be numerous ; be dis- persed. (a«L5.) jal'ad, inf. s , stretch lengthways on the ground (a.); — ijla'add, inf. ijli'ddd, be thrown down, stretched out. •»«W jal'ad, hard ; strong ; brave. if*^) jal'am, impudent, shame- less. (^) jalag, tr, inf. jalg, cut one another with swords ; (m.) whet, sharpen. (<.jil=.) jalaf, V, inf. jalf, tear, scrape or scratch off ; peel, shell ; shovel away ; cut down, up-root ; annihilate ; cut with the sword ; — jalif, a, inf. jalaf, jaldfa-t, be hard, rough, rude ; — II. inf. tajlif, destroy ; hlunt ; hreak ofE the edge of a vessel ; — IV. INF. ijldf, scrape or scratch off; — viii. inf. ijtildf, destroy. wftl^ jilf, pi. ajldf, juUf, hard, unjust ; stupid and rude, brutal ; pi. juluf, pot, vessel ; — jilf, also S julfa-t, a small piece of skin ; scratch ; chip ; — 5 jilfa-t, slice of dry bread ; piece ; cut of a pen. sjiiis. jalfada-t, idle clamour. (^a1=.) jalfaz, strong and stout. (Uli^) jalfat, INF. S , caulk, repair a ship. ((jis.) jalaq, l, inf. jalq, shave ; shoot, pelt at ; uncover, bare ; = v. INF. tajalluq, open the mouth in laughing, so that the back teeth can be seen; — vii. INF. injildq, be shot, pelted at. iJ^ ^aZg, peace ; — jUliq, a kind of wheat ; Damascus ; — S jU- liqa-t, old woman. 31 J^ 242 h Jli?- jalal, important matter; with t>^ min and a pronominal sufBx : for the sake of. (r*^) jcdam, V, inf. jalm, lop ; loose the flesh from the bones of a slaughtered animal ; shear. (^) jilm, sheei^'s tallow ; — jalam and du. jalamdn, scissors ; pi. jildm, a kind of sheep ; he-goat ; tick (insect) ; the new moon ; a kind of hawk ; — S jahna-t, trunk of a slaughtered animal. (c*U-) jalmah, inf. S , shave. (•ui=.) jahnad, large rock; — also » jalmada-t, a brave warrior, hero; herd;- — jalmada-t, stony- ground. (Wit-) jahnat, inf. ii , shave. J^*W julmud, jalmud, pi. jaldmid, jaldmid, large rock ; brave war- rior. jUl=. jullandr, blossom of the pome- granate (Pers.). (kfiU) jalambat, lion. (:>«*^ julanjubm, conserve of roses (Pers.). (i,^^) jalanza, broad-shouldered ; — hence iv. ijlanza, inf. ijlinza', be enraged. gA^) jalanfa', stupid ; S , stout ; — hence iv. ijlanfa', inf. ijlinfd', be stout. {^^) j('^('^>> A, INF. jalh, remove; prevent, divert, dissuade ; put away; uncover; — jalih, a, inf. jalah, lose the front hair. (^aW) jaUmz, INF. ii , keep silent about a matter known. (,•6^) jiilhtihi, a large mouse ; — s julhuma-t, jalhama-l, bank of a river ; side of a valley ; any- thing important ; misfortune, calamity. (jt^) jaJd, V, INF. jahr, jah'i\ disclose, reveal, communicate ; polish, smooth, clean ; wash, rinse ; wipe away ; dispel grief ; throw away ; be high ; — inf. j'th'i', jahi'o-f, jilirn-t, jiihra-f, unveil the bride to the Virido- groom ; make presents to the bride on this occasion ; see the bride adorned ; be shown to the bridegroom ; be evident, known, public ; migrate, emi- grate ; compel to emigrate ; — inf. ji^ild', drive the bees out of the hive by smoke ; — ii. INF. tajViyy, tajliya-f, polish, smooth, make bright ; disclose, publish ; explain ; give presents to a bride ; throw food to the cattle ; cast a glance at ; lift up the head and look out ; — III. INF. mujdldt, confront as an enemy, fight against ; — iv. INF. ijliV, emigrate ; force to emigrate, expel ; be freed from grief ; be far distant ; hasten ; — V. INF. tajalU, be unveiled, uncovered, made known ; ap- pear ; reveal himself (God) ; lift up the head and look out ; look at; — VI. INF. tajdJi, com- municate each other's circum- stances to one another ; — vii. INF. injild', be disclosed ; reveal himself (God) ; clear up ; dis- perse (clouds, n.) ; be bright, polished ; disappear, subside ; — VIII. INF. ijtild', see the bride unveiled ; show her to the bridegroom ; force to emigrate ; take off the turban ; glance at, observe, have regard to ; — x. INF. istijld', present the bride unveiled ; migrate ; — S jahi-a-t, jnu'a-t,pihva-t, splendour, bright- ness, brilliancy ; a thing of beauty ; beauty of things ; un- veiling of the bride ; bride-gift ; coquettishness ; shining gar- ments ; submersion of a man in God. \^=^jalu\i, f. of ^_sl=.\ ajla, brighter, more shining, &c. )^:h- jil'fdz, pi. jaldwiza-t, tax- gatherer ; executor ; guard. ^;h jaliiba-f, anything imported. Sj^ julnda-t, hardness ; aptness. ^j^ juJndiijy, seller of hides or leather. ^ 243 W j<^ jillauz, hazel nut. (j-^ juliis, sitting, session ; as- sembly; ascension to the throne; — pi. of {j^W jiUis ; — (^ juh'i- siyy, dating from, referring to the beginning of the reign. iij^) i*^«) I) INF. jaly, polish ; — jali. A., INF. jalan, lose the front hair ; — ii. inf. tajliya-t, cause to appear ; show forth ; — V. INF. tajalli, see v. {^^) ; mount, ascend ; look at any- thing on high. ^=- jaly, polishing (s.), polish ; — jily, small window in the roof; — jaliyy, 5 , bright, polished ; evident, clear ; light ; loud ; a character of handwriting ; — S jaliyya-t, clear matter or news ; clearness. (jWW jalaydn, revelation ; apoca- lypse. s-!-k=- jamjam, inf. 6 , speak in- distinctly ; conceal in one's heart ; — ii. inf. tajamjvm, speak indistinctly ; not dare to ((^ 'an) ; — i jumjuma-t, pi. jumjum, jamdjim, skull ; plough- staff ; drinking-cup ; a measure. (c*^) jawah, A, INF. jamh, jimdh, jumuh, be restive and run away ; act capriciously ; be headstrong; run fast, hurry; throw at, hit. (6*^) jC''>nah, V, inf. jamh, be proud; — lii. inf. mujdmaha-t, boast. d*^ jamh, pride ; glory ; — jummah, pi. of ^W jdmih. (■u^) jamad, v, inf. jamd, jumi'id, harden ; stiffen, coagulate, freeze (n.) ; grow tranquil, calm down ; be hard, miserly ; insist on one's right ; cut, cut off ; — jamud, get rigid, freeze (n.) ; — II. inf. tajmtd, condense, coagulate, freeze (a.) ; — iv. INF. ijmdd, id. ; make stand to right ; not be of any more good ; — V. INF. tajammud, VII. INF. injimdd, coagulate, freeze (n.). Ju.?- jamd, condensation, coagula- tion, congelation ; frozen hard ; ice ; — jum,d, jumud, jamad, pi. ajmud, high ground ; pi. strong- holds ; — jamad, ice, snow ; pi. of -i^W jihnid ; — jum,2id, pi. of jU.=- jamad. (/*^) jamar, i, inf. jamr (also ii. and IV.), unite for a purpose (n. and a.) ; give live coal ; jump with the feet tied together ; turn off, keep off ; — ii. inf. tajmvr, see i. ; — gather, unite; tie together the back hair (also IV.) ; retain an army on the soil of the enemy ; take the marrow out of the top of a palm-tree ; pelt with stones (m.) ; cover with coal ; change into coal, carbonise ; get car- bonised ; — IV. INF. ijmiW, see I. and II. ; hasten ; fumigate clothes ; — INF. majmar, poke the fire ; estimate the produce of a palm-tree ; jump with the feet tied together; have an uncloven hoof ; have the new moon covered ; refer to all, concern all ; emaciate ; — v. INF. tajammur, unite (n.) or keep together (a.) ; be retained on hostile soil; — viii. inf. ijii- mdr, fumigate; — x. inf. istij- mdr=Y. ; use a pebble instead of curl-paper for the sake of cleanliness. j*^ jamr, is, pi. jamr, jamardt, live coal ; pebble ; an Arabic tribe ; stoning of the devil in the valley of Mina ; new infusion of vital heat in spring-time, l. jamazdt, leap, jump. (i)*^) jamzar, inf. » , run away ; flee. <4)*^ jo-inza, quick pace. (u~*^) jamas, v, inp. pimtis, harden, coagulate (n.) ; — ii jamsa-t, fire ; — jumsa-t, pi. jums, half-ripe dates. ( — t^') jamast, a kind of tur- quoise. ((j*~»^) jama^, v, inf. jams, shave ; smooth; milk only with finger- tops ; make love to (ace.) ; — II. INF. tajm IS, make love ; help, assist. {J"*^ Jains', low sound. (C**) J0''Ma't A, INF. jam', gather, assemble, keep together (a.) ; unite, reconcile ; collect one's self, recollect ; lie with (v* bi) ; add ; form the plural ; contain ; be full grown ; — ii. inf. tajmi', gather, collect, assemble from all sides ; heap up ; count ; attend to the Friday's service; — III. INF. mujdm,a'a-t, jimd', agree with (ace.) ; yield ; have sexual intercourse, lie with (ace.) ; — IV. INF. ijmd', gather, assemble (a.) ; take all ; drive all of them (camels) ; make familiar ; agree in dj^ 'ala) ; resolve ; prepare, make ready ; dry (a.); — v. inf. tajammii', assemble (n.), flock together; hold an assembly, a Friday's service ; resolve ; — viii. inf. ijtimd', ijdimd', assemble (n.) ; meet (v» hi) ; agree in (fj^ 'ala) ; conspire ; attain to pu- berty ; — X. inf. istijmd', be willing to assemble, assemble (n.), gather (n.) ; happen ac- cording to one's wish ; collect all strength ; levy troops. g*^ jam', pi. jumiV, troop, crowd ; assembly ; pi. troops, an army ; sum, total, majority ; plural ; produce, rent, interest ; rent- roll, rent-book ; price, value ; addition ; coition ; inf. of (C*^) ; s^^ ff- yaumu 'l-jam'i, Day of Judgment, day of the gathering on Mount 'Arafat; — /"'«', pl. ajmd', fist; 5*=-. bi-jum', entire, all of it ; secret, pregnant ; — jum', pl. of ^W jdmi' ; — 6 jum'a-t, pl. -dt, juma', union, gathering, con- course ; friendship ; handful ; week ; — also jumu'a-t, ju- ma'a-t, pl. -dt, Friday; — ja- ma'a-t, pl. -ai, troop, company ; sum. W:^ jamd', pl. 5*=. jum', f . of q*^\ ajma', entire, all. (A«*^) jam'ad, heap of stones. ( A*^) ja'm'ar, inf. » , make a top spin ; turn in a circle ; be given to biting. j)»*=s- Jum'nr, large troop, crowd; — s jum'ilra-t, potter's wheel ; spinning-top. ,j«*^ jam'iyy, total; — 5 jam'iy- ya-t, assembly ; conference ; small party, company ; com- mittee ; congregation ; collec- tion of mind. (J*^) jamal, v, inf. jaml, gather, assemble (a.) ; make fluid, melt (a.); — jamul, inf. jamdl, be handsome, elegant, of good manners ; — 11. inf. tajmil, make handsome, embellish, adorn ; do anything in a plea- sant way ; melt much ; give much fat to eat; offer a camel for food ; keep an army long in the field ; — in. inf. mujd- mala-t, treat with benevolence, show courtesy, be obliging ; — IV. INF. ijmdl, act in a hand- some, decent, moderate manner ; make pleasant ; deserve well of (jkic 'inda) ; gather, assemble (a.) ; add, count up, resume ; melt fat ; have many camels ; — V. tajammul, behave decently ; be embellished, adorned; eat fat ; — VIII. INF. ijtimdl, melt >. 246 or eat fat ; eat a camel ; — x. INF. istijmdl, find handsome, decent ; be full grown. J*=i- jaml, jamal, pi. jannl, jimnla-t, jamiila-t, juniula-t, jimdldt, &c. ; jvml, jdinil, jsl. jamd'il, ajdmil, ajmal,h.e-ca,rael; Jj9-J\ ^ jamalu 'J-yarhildi, cliameleon ; — jum^, jamal, jumal, ju7nul, jummal, cable ; — jumal, jummal, addi- tion ; — jumal, troop ; — 6 jwn- la-t, pi. jumal, sum, total, totality ; troop, number ; class, category ; sentence, phrase, period ; paragraph. 1U=- jamhV , f. of perfect beauty. ^Xt^ jlmldn, pi. of ^ys*^ jumail ; — i jumldna-t, nightingale. uV*^ jamhhi, gable, cupola, dome ; roof which is not flat. (;«*=-) jamhar, inf. 6 , assemble (a.), heaj) up ; raise a tomb ; keep most and the best to one's self; — II. INF. tajamhnr, as- semble (n.) ; be hostile. _)^a*=- jumhi'ir, pi. jamdhir, the principal part or majority, to- tality, all ; troop, crowd ; people, public ; community, common- wealth, republic ; constitutional assembly, parliament, &c. ; noble woman ; high sand-hill ; — ^s jumhi'iyiyy, 'i , referring to the community ; popular ; vulgar ; — h junihi'iriyya-t, republican government, republic. Cf*^ jamilh, refractory. •^f*^ jamiid, dry; — jitinild, inf. of (■J*^) ; indifference ; severity ; — » jumnda-t, hardness ; harsh- ness. t)*^jamn', grasping (adj.). ^f*^ jami'il, fat-boiler. i«y«^ ja m A )» , overflowing. (j_3*=(-) jama, gather ; — v. inf. tajammi, be gathered, as- sembled. (,_j*=^) jam!, A, inf. jama, be angry ; — v. inf. tajammuww, be gathered, assembled ; wrap one's self up in one's clothes ; take and conceal anything. yf:*^ jamir, place of assembly ; S yj\ ib7i jamir, dark night ; — E ^^ i&«* jamir, day and night; — i jamira-t, tress of hair. ji-t^ jam iz, intelligent, considerate ; — also jummaiz, tS jummaiza, wild fig, sycamore. jjii*=. J a ;ii(«, shaved smooth; hair- remover. g,..»-? jami', collected, assembled; crowd, army ; all (^«**^ jami'an, altogether ; all at once) ; mature and having a beard; — ijami'a-t, assembly. J*.^ jamil, 'i , handsome, fair, elegant ; well-bred, of good manners ; good, excellent ; pi. jamildt, good deed, favour, benefit ; good qualities ; molten ; fat;- — jumail, jummail, Tp\. jim- Idn, nightingale. djSke*:^. jiimaildiia-t, nightingale. ( J, ! ; .* - jamiUyy, dealer in fat. !*<-»=- jainiin, pi. ajimmii', luxuriant plant ; much, many. (^•^ jann, I, inf. jann, be con- cealed ; — inf. jann, junnn, cover, veil, conceal ; pass, y^ jttMM=act. ; — inf. jinn, jumhi, jinndii, be dark ; be covered with verdure or vegetation ; be concealed from {i^ 'an) ; shroud and bury the dead ; tsy. junun, grow luxuriantly; — inf. jann, jnniln, pass, be possessed by a demon, be mad ; be out of one's senses by rage, joy, etc. ; be enthusiastic for {^_^ 'ala) ; — II. INF. tajnin, madden; (m.) cover, conceal ; — iv. inf. ijndn, be concealed ; cover, conceal, veil in darkness ; shroud, bury the dead ; madden ; — v. inf. fajanniin, be covered with plants; be mad, out of senses ; — vi. inf. tajdnn, feign madness, show symptoms of it ; — viii. inf. ijtindn, be covered, concealed ; t>> 247 cover one's self; bury; — x. INF. istijndn, be covered, con- cealed, protected ; cover, protect one's self ; excite ; pass, be pos- sessed by demons. l^i?- jinn, pi. &J^ jinna-t, demon, genie, fairy ; heat of youth ; beginning ; concealment ; dark ; blossom ; — & janna-t, pi. jiiu'in, janndt, orchard, garden ; para- dise ; — jinna-t, fairy ; madness ; — junna-t, pi. junan, covering (s.) ; veil ; shield ; protection. {^) jana', ^_^ jani', a, inf. jand', junn' (also iii. inf. mnja- ndt, IV. inf. ijnd'), fall on the face ; bend over {,J^ 'ala). ^=5- jand', plucked fruit ; fruit of trees ; harvest, crops ; — junnd', i jundt, pi. of |_3»W jdnl, who gathers ; sinner ; — 'i jandt, newly gathered ; pi. jana, such fruit. ■tjW jandb, pi. ajniba-t, side ; edge ; threshold ; enclosure or surrounding of a house; court- yard ; region ; place, spot ; rank, title, as Excellency, Highness, Majesty, &c. ; — jindb, gentle (horse) ; pi. of s-~sJ^ janib ; INF. III. of (v-^) ; — jundb, pleurisy ; — junndb, travelling companion ; — i jandba-i, pollu- tion ; impure one ; life with strangers. cW jandh, pi. ajniha-t, ajnuh, wing ; shoulder, arm, hand ; side, edge ; wing of an army, window, building ; fin ; project- ing roof ; protection, refuge ; — jundh, sin, crime. ijCi\.sj^ janddira-t, body-guard. jUs. jindr, plane-tree ; — junndr, blossom of the pomegranate. 6jU=. jindza-t, jandza-t, pi. jand'iz, bier ; corpse ; — also ;W janndz, pi. jandniz, funeral. ij^U=. jireas, homogeneousness ; play on words ; assonance. ,_*U?. jindf, transgression. (jlW jundfiyy, oppressive, tyran- nical, haughty. ^^ jandfir, pi. of )^'^ junfnr. yU> jaiidn, pi. aj/i.dn, veil ; dark- ness, night ; sanctuary, harem ; pi. ajitiva-t, heart, mind, soul ; beloved one, f . S ; inf. of (y^) ; — jiiindn, pi. of ^ jinna-t, garden; — jundn, darkness; also 6 jundna-t, shield ; — jinndn, pi. of yW , demon. y^^^ jaiidniz, pi. of jW jawJJftz. s-jW janii'ib, pi. of ifJ^ jamba-t, 'T'y^ jani'dj, -r~!:^ janib. •f^-i^ jand' iz, pi. iy.^ jindza-t. i^\-^- jindya-t, transgression, of- fence ; fine, mulct ; extortion ; taxation, taxes. (■-. ". ^ ) janab, i, inf. jamb, turn aside, decline ; refuse, turn off ; remove ; shun, flee from ; hit sideways ; — inf. jnnah, majnab, lead by the side, place a horse as leader beside another ; — inf. jindb, be far off ; keep far ; shun, avoid ; cause to avoid ; miss, long for ; - u, be a stranger, reside amongst strangers ; — inf. junub, blow from the south, to- wards the south ; — pass, junib, suffer from pleurisy ; be exposed to the south-wind ; — ii. inf. tajnib, keep far, remove to a distance (a.) ; cause one to avoid another ; put aside ; lead walking by the side; be distant from (ace.) ; — iii. inf. mujd- naba-t, jindb, be or remain by the side of (ace.) ; avoid ; — iv. INF. ijndb, keep distant (a. and n.) ; avoid ; cause to avoid ; be or come as a stranger ; be ex- posed to the south- wind ; be polluted ; — V. INF. tajannub, be far from (ace.) ; turn aside (n.) ; shun, avoid ; keep from ((jx 'an, a.) ; — vi. inf. tajdnnb, keep distant (n.), avoid ; — viii. inf. ijtindb, turn aside from (n.), shun, avoid ; feel aversion 248 -3^ against (ace.) ; — x. inp. istij- ndb, be polluted (by sperm). 'r— ^- jamb, pi. juni'ih, ajnab, side, flank, half of the body ; boundary ; coast ; tract, region ; principal part; combat, battle; reproach ; g!\ i\i zdtu 'I-jamhi, pleurisy, g!\ jj zu 'l-jamhi, af- flicted with it; — janab, short; pi. of •~^.i;X^ janib ; — janib, lean- ing on one side, keeping aloof (adj.) ; — junub, pi. ajnab, stranger, guest ; restive, re- fractory ; polluted ; — 5 jamba-t, pi. janabdt, jand'ib, side ; tract, region ; turning aside (s.) ; apo- stacy ; — junaba-t, anything avoided. tW^ jambdz, pi. ii jandbim-t, quack, charlatan ; who overcharges in selling (Pers.). •i-^ jumbuz, bad ; also i jumbuza-t, pi. jandbiz, cupola, dome; arch, flying buttress (Pers.). u"-^ ^ jumbus, gymnastics ; game ; amusement (Pers.). ^-^- jambaz, inf. 5 , also ii. inf. iajanbiiz, behave as a quack or in a haughty manner; over- sell. t^t^ jambiyy, side (adj.). (_yi^ junnatiyy, paradisiacal. *i-^. jins, origin ; genus, species, kind ; — hence : v. inf. tajan- nus, claim an origin to which one is not entitled ; incline in love towards {^J^ 'ala) ; wrap up anything in one's clothes ; spread the wings. ^_5i^ jinsiyy, a superior kind of iron; — junsiyy, maker of coats of mail ; sword. ( j!?!-^-) junjul, asparagus. (l;)^*-^) jaiijan, jhijiu, also i jan- jana-t, pi. jandjin, breast-bone; rib of the chest. (j^) janali, A, I, tr, inf. junnh, incline towards (J /(', ^_)\ ila) ; break (a.) a shoulder, arm, hand, wing, rib ; pass, be in- jured in those parts ; walk fast ; — II. INF. tajnih, provide with wings; — iv. inf. ijndh, cause to incline towards ; in- cline ; — V. inf. tajannuh, incline towards one side ; — viii. inf. ijtindh, bend, incline towards (n.) ; walk apace ; — x. inf. istijndh, bend (a.), cause to incline towards. j^ jink, side, edge ; shore, bank ; aXso junh, darkness ; part of the night ; night ; — i junha-t, trans- gression, crime. (■i-=^) jund, pi. junud, ajndd, army, corps of troops ; fellow-com- batants ; soldiers ; fixed camp ; military capital ; species ; — janad, pebbled ground ; — ii. jannad, inf. tajnid, levy troops, enlist sailors, &c. ; — v. inf. tajannnd, enlist (n.). v*^ jindab, jundab, jundub, pi. janddib. a black locust; s (>\ umm jundub, calamity. ^j^ Ai=. jund badastar, y^>^ -^^ jund bidastar, castoreum. (j-^^) jandar, inf. S , restore old writing or embroidery. (S-^^) janda', pi. janddi', black locust ; a kind of lizard ; — i jwidv'a-t, pi. janddi', id. ; bubble ; ^\ gjU=. janddi' as- sarr, beginnings of an evil. (J*^-^) jandal, inf. » , throw on the ground. Jj-^- jandal, pi. janddiJ, large round stone ; waterfall ; cata- racts of the Nile ; — junadil, 5 junadila-t, stony tract of land. ^^^.is^ jundiyy, soldier, trooper. (>^) janaz, i, inf. janz, cover, veil ; gather (a.) ; pass, be placed on the bier ; be dead ; — II. inf. tajniz, place the corpse on the bier ; arrange the burial. y^ jaiiz, clay hut. J^y^ jinzdr, verdigris. jy^janzat; inf. 6 , put into chains; get covered with verdigris; — r^ 249 «.s^ II. INF. tajanzur, be put into chains. }>.y^ janzlr, pi. janaztr, chain. ((j~<*) janas, u, inf. jans, ripen fully ; — janis, a, inf. janas, freeze (n.) ; — ii. inf. tajnis, be fully ripe ; make homogeneous ; specify, classify ; — iii. inf. mujdnasa-t, be or appear homo- geneous ; be similar. y~i?- jins, pi. ajnue, junus, genus, species, kind, family, race ; gen- der; category, class; nationality; — tS jinsiyy, referring to genus, gender, sex, &c. ; ^ h jinsiy- ya-t, common genus, gender, or origin. (lt*^) janas, u, inf. jan^, ex- haust ; move towards or against ; desire ; fear ; — i, inf. jan^, lack corn ; be deeply moved, highly agitated. (ijai).), II. jannds, inf. tajnis, die ; flee in fear ; open the eyes wide, stare from fear ; ease the bowels. C^ jana', small plants. C*-^)^ janaf, i, janif, a, inf. junuf, janaf, turn aside, decline ; be unjust ; overcharge in sell- ing ; — IV. inf. ijndj', v. inf. tajannuf, deflect from what is right ; finding one to do so ; — VI. INF. tajdnuf, turn aside ; incline to injustice. >-tt^ janaf, janf, deflection from what is right ; iniquity of fate ; wrong ; ruggedness ; — janif, unjust, iniquitous. yoUia. janf as, coarse linen, canvas. ^y^ junfur, pi. jandftr, ancient tomb. (v>^) janaq, i, and ii. inf. tajniq, throw projectiles by catapults, &c. (ciW) junk, pi. juniiJc, large Chi- nese ship ; harp ; — jank, war, combat ; — hence : ii. jannak, INF. tajnik, get heated (in battle) ; — i5 junkiyy, f . » , player on the harp. ^•^ janma-t, plenty, abundance; the whole. i;}^ janan, pi. ajndn, tomb ; shroud; corpse; — junan, pi. of i->^ jun- na-t; — jimun, madness. ijs^ jannahiyy, Indian cane. f^junnii', INF. of (W). v>^ janub, pi. jand'lb, south ; south wind ; — <^ janilbiyy, & , southern ; sultry. CjA^ juni'ih, pi. of ^W jdnih, ag. of (c^) ; INF. of the same. jys=- jannur, thrashing-floor. yy.=. janun, demon ; a kind of harmless snake ; — junun, mad- ness ; darkness. (^_5-^) jana, i, inf. jan-an, jany, jandya-t, pluck, gather ; use up, wear out, draw advantage from (ace.) ; — INF. jindya-t, sin, com- mit a crime ; accuse falsely of a crime ; — inf. janwa-f, wrong ; be froward to ; prove false against (^^ 'ala, v hi) ; — iv. INF. ijnd', pluck, gather ; bear ripe fruit ; abound in plants, herbs, &c. ; be ripe for har- vest ; — V. INF. tajanni, pluck; accuse falsely ; find fault ; seek a false pretext or excuse ; ^ VIII. pluck, cull, gather ; draw advantage from ((^ mm) ; find rain-water and drink it. ^ji?- janan, jana, pi. ajiuV, freshly plucked fruit, dates ; honey ; gold ; a kind of shell ; pi. of 6U=. jandt ; — janiyy, i , freshly plucked ; — jinniyy, demoniacal ; demon ; — S janniyya-t, silken robe ; falsely-imputed crime ; (m.) fine for bloodshed ; — jin- niyya-t, pi. demons. »— >j-^. janih, S janiha-t, pi. jand'ib, jindb, janab, jandba-t, leading horse, camel, Ac. y.»jA5. janis, of the same kind, homogeneous ; of pure descent. ^ji^ss). jams, dead, deceased. 32 (J** 250 )9* 01:^ janm, embryo ; concealed, covered, (i^-) jahh, V, INF. jahh, turn off iguominiously ; — s jiha-t, julut-t, pi. -Lit, side ; front, surface ; shape ; manner ; regard (s y^ , with regard to) ; cause, reason ; direction. •jWs- jahdd, hard ground ; — jihad, INF. III. of (J>6^) ; invitation to profess the Islam ; war against the infidels ; war; effort, zeal. jW ji^'i^'iT, open hostility ; inf. of (}^) ; b^ jihnran, openly, publicly, aloud ; — S jahh-a-t, loud voice ; grace, loveliness. jW jahh, jihlz, pi. ajhiza-t, uten- sil, tool, anything necessary, requisite, equipment ; furniture ; trousseau, outfit of a bride ; pro- vender ; rigging of a ship ; ship ; camel-saddle. JW juhhill, pi. of Jfcio. , ignorant, &c. ; ■ — S jah'iJa-i, ignorance ; folly ; rudeness. f>^ jahain, rainless cloud. ^W jiihdna-f, young maid-servant. i^T-^) jahh, repulsive face. (i^=.) jakhaz, jihhi:, pi. jahdhi:a-t, sagacious, penetrating, skilful ; clever money-changer ; expert in coins and money matters (Pers.). (li-a^) jahas, A, INF. j'aAs, be easily agitated ; be excitable. (d«^=.) jahjah, inf. ' , cry out at ; cry out ; (m.) shine, be resplen- dent ; — II. inf. iajahjiih, desist, abstain. (j^c^) jahad, a, inf. jnhd, exert one's self in anything, endea- vour, make efforts ; overload or overwork a beast ; put to the test; emaciate; pain, vex, mo- lest ; want food ; eat much ; turn the milk entirely into butter ; — jahiJ, A, inf. jahad, be toilsome ; — ill. inf. jihad, mvjdhada-f, struggle against difficulties ; wage war against the infidels ; — iv. inf. ijhdd, cause one to exert himself, to make efforts ; molest ; injure ; overwork; set to a thing zea- lously ; go far in a thing ; demand food ; lavish, squander ; be on one's guard ; appear ; come to light ; be mixed up ; be or live close to (J li) ; be possible ; — vi. inf. tajdhud, exert one's self ; — viii. inf. ijtihdd, make eiforts ; be dili- gent ; consider well. J.a^ jahd, effort, exertion, zeal, diligence ; affliction, misery ; — sdso jahd, power, resources. (f»^^) jahdam, inf. », hasten. (^=.) jahar, A, inf. jahr, jihur, be public ; publish, divulge ; dis- close ; speak loud ; neigh ; see without a veil ; admire ; dazzle ; clean a well, hit on water ; esti- mate approximately, guess at ; surprise by an early attack ; deem numerous ; value highly, honour ; shake the milk-bag to make butter ; travel over ; — jahir. A, inf. jahar, be dazzled by the sun ; not be able to see in sunlight ; — jahiir, inf. jii- hi'ira-t, have a clear and loud voice ; call, speak, read aloud ; publish ; show open hostility ; surpass, overcome, vanquish ; — IV. INF. ijhdr, publish, promul- gate ; divulge ; have handsome sons ; — V. inf. iajahluir, vi. INF. tajdlnir, appear in public; — VII. INF. injihdr, be pub- lished ; — VIII. INF. ijtihdr, clean a well ; consider numerous ; see unveiled, uncovered. ;6^ jahr, S jahra-t, publicity Oj«^ jahrau, 'ijg~- jahratan, publicly, evidently, aloud) ; loud voice ; a space of time; — j>ihr, grace- ful figure, lovely face; — jahir, public, manifest ; loud ; — » jahra-t, what is known, evident, manifest ; — jahra-t, a yellow berry used for dyeing. \)9t- jahrd, plain, treeless ground ; ^ 251 (JW*" troop, &c., f. of ^\ ajhar; — juliard', pi. of ^=- jahh: (f«;6^), II. INF. tajahntm, defy (j_ic 'a?a). (■}i^) jahaz, A, INF. j«A« (also iv.), finish off a wounded man ; — II. INF. fajhtz, equip, fit out ; set up a bridal procession, a burial ; organise ; put in order ; address to ; — iv. inf. ijhdz, see I. ; — V. INF. tajahhuz, equip, prepare one's self; adorn; be provided, ready, prepared ; — xi. INF. ijhhih, be ready. \je=^ jahm', f . high ; prominent ; projecting. (cAe^) jahas, jaMs, A, inf. jahs, jahils, jahasdn (also iv.), be on the point of crying and run to its mother (child from fear) ; — INF. jahasdn, fear, flee ; be on the point of crying ; jump up, rise ; — iv. inf. ijJids, see i. ; be on the point of crying ; bid one to make haste. (t/%-) jahad, A, inf. jahd, surpass, get the better of (ace), fore- stall in (y.c 'an) ; — iii. prevent and forestall ; urge to haste ; — IV. inf. ijhdd, surpass, be superior, overcome, vanquish ; cause one to desist and flee ; urge to haste ; make a mis- carriage. (ji9=!- jahid, miscarriage. (^3^) jahdam, having a broad head and chest ; — hence : ii. inf. tajahdum, behave proudly ; tower above, excel. (J99-) jahil, A, INF. jahl, jahdla-t, ignore, be ignorant, stupid, brutal ; show one's self igno- rant in (i^ 'ala) ; be indifferent, listless ; — II. inf. tajhil, call or deem, one ignorant ; impute any- thing to ignorance ; — iii. inf. mujdhala-t, act towards anyone with levity or carelessness ; — VI. INF. tajdhul, affect igno- rance ; — X. INF. istijhdl, deem ignorant ; disdain, make light of; move (a.). Js^ jaM, ignorance ; stupidity ; — jiihl, 'ijahala-f, pi. of JJsW jdhil, ignorant, &c. 1^^ jaldd, f. time of gcorance, heathendom ; — juhald', pi. of J^3^ jahiU. {(^•^} jaham, a, jaJiim, a (also v.), frown at; — jahiiin, inf. jahd- ma-t, jiihi'ima-t, be harsh and repulsive ; have harsh and re- pulsive features ; — iv. inf. ijhdm, have rainless clouds ; — V. INF. tajahhvm=i. ; — viii. inf. ijtihdm, enter on the last part of the night. ^^ jahm, weak ; — also jahim, morose ; — ii juhnia-t, troop of camels (80) ; — also jahtna-t, last part of the night. ((^8^) jahan, v, inf. jiihi'in, be near, close at hand. (^*=- jahn, moroseuess ; — jiihn, current near the sea-coast ; — » juhna-t, beginning of night. ft^^^ jahannam, hell ; — (^ jahan- nainiyy, hellish. \^ jahtvd', i. cloudless ; bare, naked. ij^=. jahild, zealous, eager, dili- gent. (j^) jahwar, inf. » , deliver in i, loud voice. jj^ jahi'ir, loud, having a clear voice ; — jahivar, bold ; — ii jiihi'i- ra-t, loudness of voice ; pretti- ness ; — i^ jahivariyy, spoken aloud ; having a loud voice ; pretty. Li^^ jahtida-t, slyness, cunning- ness, archness. J^9=. jahnl, pi. juhalii', very igno- rant ; crude, brutal ; — ^ jiihi'i- liyya-t, ignorance. (o9=5-) i*^'> ^' ^^^- j«'i«». get devastated, fall in ruins ; — 11. INF. tajhiyo.-t, widen a wound ; — III. INF. mvjdhdt, boast to, try to surpass in glory ; — iv . INF. ijhd\ be distinct, open ; be O*!- 252 Vy!- clear; enjoy the bright weather; be niggardly ; bring no child to the husband; — vi. inf. tajahi, boast to each other, vie for glory. •M^ jahicl, toilsome ; frequented by cattle. j^fl-^ jaJiir, of a loud voice ; loud ; pi. juliarcV, of a handsome face. ys^ jaMz, nimble, agile, swift. yi*9=- jahir/, miscarriage ; abortive. y->9=- jahrii, rust of a mirror. fi- jaw-ill.^ i^f)- jawan; — jaivw, pi. ajwd', jiwd', atmosphere ; air ; sky ; wide valley ; open pasture- ground ; interior of a house ; hall ; Yamama ; — iju'a-t, reddish brown ; — jtiwwa-t, id. ; cavity ; rugged ground. \fs- jawwan, inside, within ; — jiwd', j)l. ajwiya-t, wide valley ; wallet ; — pi. of f^ jaww. v^ys- jawdb, pi. ajwiba-t, answer; speech, assertion; — jawwdb, i jawzvdha-t, traveller through the deserts ; wanderer. o'^j^ jf'asa, tripe, guts. "^^f^ jau"'d, pi. ajwdd, ajdwid, juicadd\ ji'(d, juwada-t, liberal, generous, kind ; pi. jiydd, ajydd, ajdwid, generous horse, excel- lent steed ; — juwdd, violent thirst ; — jaivwdd, highroads, causeways, pi. of i^^W jdda-t. U""^^}^ j" '"('diS) pi. f • of (J— >W jddis, effaced, uncultivated, &c. J^y^ jau'dr, deep water ; area of a house; ships; — jiwdr, neigh- bourhood ; protection, inf. hi. of (j^) ; — jawwdr, farmer, peasant. vrJj^ys- jawdrib, i jaw'iriba-t, pi. of SJj^ jaurab ; — ^s J0'^"''"'ibiijy, maker of stockings, hosier. Z^f>- jc(wdri/i, wild beasts ; limbs of the body, pi. of i^-jW jdri- h,a-t. ij»^fs- jaivdris, pi. f. of y-jW jdiis, ag. of (a-/;-). ^j^fi- jiuvdris, pi. -((7, cordial (s.) ; spice (I'ers.). iS^h'^ jawdri, female slaves, &c., pi. of hj^ jdriya-t. j\)=' jawdz, lawfulness ; allowable- ness ; passage ; transit ; pass- port ; — jiwdz, INF. III. of (j^) ; — juwdz, thirst ; — jawwdz, seller of nuts. Jj\y5- jawdzil, pi. of Jjy^ jauzal. (•jlys- jawdzim, pi. of f>jW jdzim, cutting off, &c. iSj^f^ jawdzi', waste, wild; wild animals, game. ij-^fi- jawwds, spy ; lion ; — jawdss, pi. senses. (3-.\y5- jawdsiq, pi. of (J-j^ jausaq. (_rs!--.\j=5- jawdsis, spies, &c., pi. of (j-^W jdsils. i^\j=s-jawdsin, pi. of [^fs- jausan. t\^ juwdz, impatience ; — jawwaz, melancholic ; — 'i juinvdza-t, melancholy. J\^ jawwd?, who travels to and fro; — jaivdll, exiles, pi. of iiW jdlla-t ; — 6 jawdla-t, the best part of a thing ; — pi. of Jj=- <-!-Mj=- jawdlib, pi. of »^W jdlib, curative. ^\ft jaiudJih, gossamer. (3^^^ jiwdliq, juwdliq, pi. jawdliq, jatodliq, jawdliqdt, large corn- sack. i£X/«\^ jaivdmik, salary, wages, pi. of irjS^W jiimikiyya-t. ^_;.~-*\^ jawdmis, buffaloes, pi. of fj-'j^W jdini's. ii W jawdnna-t, the buttocks. i_y\^ jawdii !, pi. sides ; — jawwd- niyy, interior ; concealed ; the inside, interior (s.). }^^y>- jawdhir, pi. of ji^yi- jauhar ; — <^i*"'''''"''^y> jeweller. (jdfc\^ jawdhid, foals, pi. of A.4«iW jdhida-t. ;u ^j" "ib, pi. rumours, of y\j^ jawittz, pi. ot yW jd'iz, 6 jd'ha-U q.v. (sJ^) j'^b, V, INF. jaub, tajwdb, split, tear, cut through ; break stones ; — n, i, travel over, wander through ; pass ; bring ; Vj* 253 if give birth ; — u, r, inf. jauh (also II. and viii.), put a front or a slit to a shirt ; — ii. inf. tajwib, id. ; — III. INF. mujd- waha-t, answer ; respond, re- turn ; (m.) resound; — iv. inf. ijdb, ijdba-t, answer, respond ; reply to (ace.) ; come at call ; grant a request, consent ; bring forth fruit, plants, &c. ; — V. INF. tajawwub (also vii.), be torn ; — vi. inf. tajdwuh, answer to one another ; — VII. INF. injiydh^Y. ; stretch out the neck ; — viii. ijtiydh, see I. ; split ; travel over, pass through ; dig a well ; — x. inf. istijdha-t, answer ; listen to, grant a prayer ; consent, ap- prove. s->j^ jaub, journey, travelling over ; pi. ajwdb, shield ; strap ; shirt without sleeves ; hearth ; — S jauba-t, pi. juwab, opening, in- terstice ; breach ; hole. <^^ jaus, tripe, guts ; — jausd', id. ; — f . of ajwas, arched. S^f^ ji^'ji*'j pl- t.5^^ i*'«i*'> breast, chest ; fore-part of a ship. (Cj^) jdh, V, INF. jauh, destroy, annihilate ; turn aside from the right way ; — ll. inf. tajwth, pull off the shoes ; — iv. inf. ijdha-t, VIII. INF. ijtiydh, anni- hilate. (^^) jauham, centifoliate rose. (jtfs-) jdh, TJ, INF. jauh, undermine and break the banks ; — ii. inf. tajwth, id. ; throw down ; — v. INF. tajawwuh, fall in ruins ; burst. tj^ juh, pi. ajwdh, cloth (m.) ; — i j&ha-t, hole in the earth ; (m.) overcoat with long sleeves ; — ^s jauha, f. weak. (jj=.) jdd, V, INF. jauda-t, excel, be of the best quality ; benefit, do good ; — INF. jud, be liberal ; expose one's self to deadly danger ; be quick, fleet ; — jaud, juwud, be plentiful ; water abun- dantly; INF. juda-t, be on the point of dying from thirst; pass, long ardently for {J>\ ila) ; sleep, slumber ; — inf. jaud, ju'ud, shed tears abun- dantly ; — II. INF. tajwid, render good, excellent, liberal ; mend ; be a good race-horse ; — in. inf. mujdwada-t, vie with another in liberality and beneficence ; — IV. inf. ijdda-t, ijwdd, give abundantly ; do or say any- thing excellent ; have an exqui- site race-horse ; generate an excellent son; — v. inf. tajaw- wud, take the best part for one's self ; — x. inf. isiijdda-t, make claims on anybody's libe- rality ; deem or find anything excellent ; demand the best. ■if)- jaud, abundant rain ; pi. of •J^W- jdHd, abundant ; beneficent ; — jiid, liberality ; liberal ; pi. of S\f^ jawdd, and .»e!=-\ ajyad, having a long and beautiful neck; — ii juda-t, jauda-t, good- ness, excellence ; best quality ; superior qualifications ; inf. of {•if)-) ; — jnwada-t, pi. of J\^ jawdd. \'if)- juivadd' , pi. of i\f^ jawdd. (^J^ jaudiyy, liberal ; abundant. jjy?" ju'zar, pi. ja'dzir, buffalo- calf. (jf^) jar, TJ, inf. jaur, wander astray from (y^ 'an) ; be un- just ; — INF. jiwdr, jaivdr, sup- plicate for protection ; — ii. inf. tajwir, deem unjust, accuse of tyranny; (m.) hollow out; — III. INF. jiwdr, juwdr, mujd- wara-t, be one's neighbouf ; to be neighbourly ; take into protection or clientship ; inf. mujdwara-t, stay in the temple and pray ; — iv. inf. jdra-t, ijdra-t, take into protection, protect ; free from tyranny ; cause one to turn aside from ; — VI. INF. tajdwm; viii. inf. ijtiwdr, to act neighbourly and J)^ 254 tf- jirott'ct each other ; — x. iNr. istijih-a-t, sue for protection. )fr- jaiir, violence, oi^pression, tyranny ; tyrant ; (m.) stranger ; — ji/'ar, abundant rain; — « j/'i- ra-t, pi. juwar, hollow, cavity, hole ; — jairani-t, tyrants, pi. of yWjd'i)-, unjust, (s-y^v) jaurab, s , pi. jaworib, ja imi- riba-t, shoe ; stocking ; — hence: jaiirab, inf. &, wear stockings; put stockings on a person. '^yyy rose of Bengal. (j^^) ;■"'«' w. INF. >».-,;« ((■,;;;,;»'/;,-, niajdz, pass, pass l,>y ; travel over, through, or on ; disap- pear ; be passable, allowable, a matter of indifference; be pos- sible, happen ; inf. jaivi'iz, irri- gate ; — II. INF. tajivl:, cause to travel over, pass through, perform ; carry through one's views ; present in detail ; de- clare allowable, permit ; water ; ('m.) = tajwiz, give in marriage, marry ; — iii. inf. jiivdz, pass a place ; leave a thing and pass on to another ; cross a river ; cause to jiass, to cross ; inf. mvjdwazci-f, close the eyes to, pass over, be indulgent ; exceed the bounds, go beyond measure, make an excess ; — iv. inf. ijd- za-t, pass through and leave behind ; cause to jsass through ; allow to pass ; carry over ; pro- vide with money for a journey, make a present ; carry through one's views ; allow, ajjprove, confirm, ratify, sign ; authorise ; benefit ; give in return ; — v. INF. tajawwiiz, suffer, permit; pass over, be indulgent ; speak figuratively ; abbreviate ; — vi. INF. fajdivm, travel over, jjass through ; exceed the bounds, commit excesses ; pass over, forgive, forbear with ; — vii. INF. iiijiijdz, desist from, leave ; desert to the enemy ; — viii. INF. ijtiijdz, pass, pass by ; tra- vel over ; depart ; — x. inf. istijdza-t, ask for permission, for a gift ; deem lawful. j^=- jaiis, S, pi. -dt, ajirdz, nut; kernel, stone (of a fruit), middle (ls^V S javz rilmiyy, walnut ; g \)i jaiiz bawituV, <~-^\ e jauzu 't- tib, nutmeg; ^^-^^^ ejcntz hindiyy, cocoa-nut) ; passage. \j)=- jauzd', constellation of the Twins ; Orion. ob^ j'''^dn, pi. of yW- jd'iz, cross- beam, &c. ijj)^ jauzaq, ' , fruit of the cotton- tree ; — ^jjc'zaqiyy, seller of the fruit of the cotton-tree. Jj^ jaiizal, T[>\. jairdzil, the young of a dove. tr^-i)^ jayzhtaj, (>^j_y=- jcaiziiiaq, confection of nuts. (u"^) jds, u, INF. jaus, javasdn, VIII. INF. ijtiyds,\ook for eagerly, search. i3->^ jaitsaq, pi. jawdsiq, palace; zodiac. (J'')^)j(tus, breast; middle; night- journey ; — hence v. inf. tajoir- wu.<, be partly over ; enter the middle of a country. yA^ jansan, pi. jatcdsin, Sbrmour, coat of mail ; breast ; midnight ; — tS joii'<<^'>'yy! armour-maker, armourer. (h^) i''=. ^' INF. javs, jau-azdn, step along proudly ; strut ; grieve, render sorrowful ; — ii. INF. tajwh, and v. inf. tiijaivwu^, hasten, run. (^)^) /''> INF. jau', jaii'a-t, majd- 'a-f, be hungry ; thirst for ; wish for eagerly; — ii. inf. tajwi', IV. inf. ijwd', starve; — v. inf. fajaicirii', master one's hunger; — X. INF. istiji't'a-t, show one's self always hungry. kalbi, ravenous hunger); — jnw- wa', pi. of ^W jd'i', hungry ; — ijaii'a-t, fit of hunger. d^f)- jau'dn, f. ^J^)^ jau'a, pi. jiyd', hungry. (.'-^}'^) J'V) ^) INF. jauf, be hollow, concave, bulging ; penetrate, pierce ; — ii. inf. tajwif, hollow, render concave ; — iv. inf. ijiifa-t, penetrate; shut; — v. inf. ta- jawwvf, be hollow inside ; be concave ; be concealed in the hollow interior, penetrate to it, pierce; — viii. inf. ijtiyuf^=Y. ; be spacious. t-lj?" jauf, last third of the night ; pi. ajwdf, belly, intestines ; cavity ; inside ; middle, heart, core, priacipal part ; vast plain ; — i''/> pi- of <-*^^^ ajwaf, hol- low ; — jawaf, spaciousness of a cave. '^'^ jaufd', low. 255 i5^ f. of wij^\ ajwaf, hol- tji)^ jaufiyy, 6 , hollow, spacious ; internal ; — S jaufiyya-t, hole, cavity. ((3^) jawiq, a, inf. jawaq, be contorted ; — ii. inf. tajwiq, cry out at ; assemble (a.) ; — v, INF. tajawwuq, be gathered, as- sembled. J)^ jauq, S jauqa-t, pi. ajwdq, troop, legion ; — -jawiq, con- torted. (Jj^) i"^i ^) INF. jaul, ji'd, juwiil, jawaldn, jildn, step around, re- volve ; pass through, travel over ; rise ; lead about ; — inf. jaula-t, turn round in combat, vault ; flee and turn to attack again ; choose ; — ii. inf. tajwdl, roam about ; — iii. inf. mnjd- wala-t, turn around in a combat, try to attack in the flank ; — iv. INF. ijdla-t, turn, cause to turn around ; cause to circulate ; make roam; — vi. inf. tajd- wul, turn around one another in a combat ; — viii. inf. ijtiydl, seduce ; cause to desert the true faith. Jj=i- jaul, herd, troop ; —jnl, pi. ajwdl, jlwdl, jiwdla-i) coating of a well ; wall of a tomb ; coast, side ; pi. jawdl, herd, flock ; — jaul, i jaula-t, inf. of (J^). t)S^ jauldii, dust and sand; — jawaldn, revolving (s.), revolu- tion, circulation ; vaulting (s.) ; drill, exercise; travelling through or over (s.) ; first movement ; emotion; inf. of (J^O- (f}^) i''"^) u. INF. jaum, seek, crave for, demand. fj'i-jaum, allied herdsmen ; — cups, pi. of fiW jdm. (t)>^) jaun, pi. jan, red ; white, and, by opposition, black ; day ; -^jihi, bay, gulf; — ijauna-t, disc of the sun ; coal ; red ; — jima-t=jnn; blackness; pi. ^m- wan, also ju'na-f, pi. ju'an, leathern box for spices ; — hence V. inf. tajawwun, paint white (bridal chamber) ; paint black (door of the dead) ; ctJ^ J&\ ahlu 't-iajaivwuni, voluptuaries. ^)^ jaundi' , sun ; kettle. (*^) ./"'*'; ^> INF. jauh, receive gruffly ; prevent, hinder. ^j^ji'ih, face, look, features. j^fs- jauhar, i , pi. jawdhir, jewel, pearl ; precious ore ; essence, substance, matter, nature ; ele- ment ; soul ; marrow ; worth, excellence ; lines of a Damascene blade ; veins of marmor, &c. ; diacritical point ; jy e jauhar fard, atom (Pers.). ,_^j^^ jauharjiyy, jeweller. iS)^)^ jauhariyy, jeweller ; es- sential, natural ; elementary. •— >^^ ju'fih, pi. of vW , q.v. i^f}- ju'wa-t, reddish-brown. iijjj=. ju' us, being frightened (s.) ; INF. pass, of (>^W). ((_5^) jaivi. A, INF. jawan, be passionately moved ; be af- flicted with a consuming chest fever ; suffer from indigestion ; have disgust or aversion ; find unhealthy, inconvenient ; get corrupted ; putrify ; — ii. inf. ^p- 256 i^tf^ tajwiya-t, tame, grow tame (m.) ; — VIII. INF. ijtiwd, be seized witli passionate grief, &c. ; con- sider unhealthy. tS^ joiwan, jawa, fervour ; pas- sionate love; consumptive fever; stench ; foul water ; — jawi (^ jaw-in), aching; — jawiyy, having indigestion; unhealthy, unwhole- some ; f . i jamiyya-t, unhealthy country. •V^ juwayyid, liberal ; yielding much milk. ((j^) i«') T, INF. jai', jai'a-t, majl', majiyy, come, come up sud- denly ; come with, bring ; — in. INF. jiycV, mujaya'a-t, confront face to face ; agree ; — iv. inf. ijd'a-t, bring or lead up ; urge on ; compel to take refuge with (^\ila); mend; — i ji'a-t,jiya-t, jiyya-t, stagnating water ; large cistern ; — jayya-t, putrefaction, stench. ^ ji'd, pi. of 6jVs=. ji'dwa-t ; — jiyd', INF. III. of i^i—jayyd', approaching (adj.) ; — » jai'a-t, pus ; blood ; arrival ; inf. of (,_s^) ; — ji'a-t, stagnating water. ^ W jiydha-t, annihilation. •jW jiydd, uwl^W jiydddt, pi. of •Af^ jaivdd and •*!!=■ jaid. jW jayydr, heat in the stomach ; rage ; quicklime. t^ifs-jiyd', pi. of ^^jd'i', hungry. tJW jayydf, despoiler of dead bodies. JU^ jai'al, pi. jayd'il, hyena; — S jai'ala-t, pus. SjVs=. ji'dwa-t, jiydiva-t, pi. V&s- ji'd', leathern case for kettles, &c. jifUi). jayd'id, pi. of -^^ jayyid. JfLtj. jayit' (7, pi. of JW jai'aZ. (s--!<)-) jdh, I, INF. jaib, cut a bosom to a shirt or garment ; split, cut ; widen ; travel over, wander through ; — ii. inf. tajycb, put a bosom or collar to a shirt or garment. vr-«- jaib, i jaiba-t, pi. juyub, bosom of a garment ; breast- pocket ; pocket, purse ; sine (in trigonometry) ; — » jiba-t, answer; — i^jaibiyy, ', referring to the sine, of the sine. (y«^) jaitar, short of stature. (vi.£=.), see {■J^W). (ju=.) jayid. A, inf. jayad, have a long and graceful neck; — jid, pass, of ("i^). Ji*=^ j'id, pi. juyud, ajydd, long and graceful neck ; pi. of -Vrt-) ajyad, having such (adj.); — jayyid, pi. jiydd, jiydddt, jayd'id, good, excellent ; beautiful, handsome ; of best quality ; \>V!^ jayyid-an, very well. (j^-i*^) jaiddr, short, dwarfish ; — jiddr, holm-oak. ii\'i'i^ jaiddna-t, f. having a grace- ful neck. Q}^j'^i^ jaidardn, tSj"^*^ jaidara, short, dwarfish. j-W jaizar, id. ; calf of a wild cow. ir^) i*^*"' quicklime; — jairin, jairi, jaira, certainly; — jayar, shortness, smallness. ;£=- ja'ir, see (jW) ; — ja'ir, stout ; — ji'arr, abundant ; — » j'ra-t, neighbourhood ; also — 0^7*^ _/??•((«, pi. of jW- , neighbour- hood, &c. j*^ jiz, cricket (insect) ; — s ji^a-t, pi. ji:, jiyaz, side of a valley, side, coast, region; — ji:a-t^i=r.j ztja-t, marriage. (jS^) ja'iz, A, inf. ja'a:, have fits of suffocation. uV^ j'^M't pi- of yW jd'iz, cross- beam, &c. (cr-«-) i''«, I. INF. jais, juyus, jayasdn, be agitated, billow, boil ; flow over ; — ii. inf. taj- yis, raise an army; — v. inf. tajayyus, gather, assemble; — x. INF. istijdsa-t, ask for troops, gather troops. v^rt- jai^, pi. juyu^, army ; legion ; I/*** 257 jW — jaiV, (jVa«^ jayasdn, inf. of (lA«=>-) ; — s jim-t, ebullition. (u^«=^) i''f', I, INF. iairf, turn aside, decline ; flee ; desist from fa- tigue ; — II. INF. tajyld, id. i/w jiyadd, ,_s-as^ jiyidda, proud gait ; — i jaida-t, fatigue. (^*^) i''?! i> INF. jayazdn, drag along under a heavy burden ;= ^\».f^ jai'd n, hungry. fir>- jai'ar, hyena. (Uu=^)jdf, I, II. INF. tajyif, putrify ; —ijifa-t, T^l.jiydf, ajydf, corpse, dead body, carcase, carrion ; — •^jifiyy, carrion (adj.). (J«^) i'fi^, side, coast ; — jil, troop of men ; tribe ; people, nation ; century, age; pi. ajydl, genera- tions, races. O^*^ jaildn, dust ; — also ^s jaild- niyy, dusty. ((^=!-) jailam, new moon. (,*-=!-) jim, letter e ; — hence ii. INF. tajyim, write such. 1^=^ jih, face, look, features. oSyW*^ jaikdhnq, excrement of mice. 0^9*^ jaihumdn, saffron. l^ jiawa-t, famine. iikS«=- yai'a-f=SW ; — ji'a-t = toj- ji'a-t. C A, as a numerical sign=8; ab- breviation for the 2nd Jumada ; as the sixth month of the Arabic year ; also for y-s^- hin, i£~>c" hina'iz-in, when ; — U=j_5jU=- JjSl jumdda al-awwal. v*^ hdh, i hdba-t, sin. J}^ Mfci?, woof ; setting nets (adj.) ; — S hdhila-t, pi. habala-t, big with child ; pregnant. ^_s}W. hdhi, who gives ; near. *5^ hdtim, pi. hutiim, who imposes, makes it a duty ; judge ; raven ; name of a liberal man of the tribe Tai ; hence : ,_5*>^ hdtimiyy, very liberal. gU hdj, pi. of ^^ hdja-t ; — hdjj, pi. hujjdj, hajij, hujj, pilgrim, especially to Mecca ; — i hdja-t, pi. hdj, hdjdt, hiwaj, hawdyij, anything necessary, requisite ; want, need ; necessity ; object ; utensil ; desire, wish ; a plant ; pi. hawdyij, things ; — hdjja-i, pi. hawwdj, woman who has per- formed the pilgrimage. k_»ii.U. hdjib, pi. hajaba-t, hujjdb, ag. of '-r^^^ hajab, chamberlain ; door-keeper ; attendant ; edge ; pi. hawajib, eye-brows, lashes. e*-^ hdjij, Mecca-pilgrim. /s-^ hdjir, partition, wall ; dam ; high road, causeway. jt^U. hdjiz, pi. hajaza-t, hawdjiz, ag. of (jass") ; partition ; bar, list ; curtain ; dam ; diaphragm. ^W hdjim, bath-keeper ; cupper. ^j=»U hdjiyy,:=s^ hdjj, pilgrim. ■^^ hdd-in, see ^sJ^ hddi ; — hddd, i , sharp, pointed ; hot, strong (as spices) ; wearing mourning apparel (adj.); — ii hddda-t, in- strument for making wire ; roller. k4>jW hddis, happening for the first time or recently ; new, fresh ; young ; event ; — 2 hddi- sa-t, pi. hawddis, recent event ; news ; accident, calamity ; (m.) scruple of conscience. jjU hddiq, looking sharply at; penetrating; clever, sharp. j^jjU. hddi (J^ hdd-in), pi. huddt, camel-driver ; — hddi' ; who de- fends ; — T"*^ (^J^ hddi 'a^ar, the eleventh. 33 iU 258 ._i\e. JU. hd?, back ; du. hdzdn, the but- tocks. jj^ hdziq, sharp, penetrating ; hot, piquant ; intelligent, clever ; J jV> J oU hdziq hdziq, skilful ; subtle. ^j^ hdzila-t, f. inflamed. j^ hdrr, i , hot ; glowing ; sharp, piquant ; difficult ; jVj 5 Mrr ydrr, very hot ; — s hdra-t, hdrra-t, street ; quarter ; house. vA>)U. hdris, pi. hurras, ploughman ; peasant ; lion. ■Jj^ hdrid, angrj ; grudging ; pi. hawdrid, solitary ; lonely. y-jW. hdris, pi. haras, ahrds, hurras, guard, watchman ; defender ; governor ; vigilant ; jJ^ ciSuii al-maV ahu-'l-hdrisu, guardian angel. (joj^ hdris, greedy ; ambitious. J;^ hdriq, s , burning, glowing ; hot-tempered ; — S hdriqa-t, fire. •aJj^ hdrik, moving ; withers. wjU. hdzib, pi. huzb, hawdzib, diffi- cult ; grave, serious. jjU. hdzir, bitter, sour ; morose. I»j^ hdzim, pi. hazama-t, prudent ; resolute. SjW hdzza-t, pi. haivdzz, what op- presses the mind. ^J»^ hdss, i , perceiving by the senses; — ii hdssa-t, pi. hawwds, sense, perception by the senses. s— ^ hdsib, pi. hasaba-t, hussdb, paymaster ; accountant. A«W hdsid, pi. hussad, hussdd, hasada-t, envious ; envier. j-J^ hdsir, pi. hussar, free, empty, bare ; without weapon of de- fence. ^U. hdsim, destructive. ,_j...Vo. hdsiyy, » , perceiving by the senses ; sensitive ; — 8 hdsiyya-t, sensibility, sensitiveness. 1^^ hd^, UiVc^ hdsd, ^^ hd^d,, except ; God forbid ! without offence ! i-AU hdsiya-t, pi. hawdii, edge, rim, border; hem; marginal note ; appendix ; supplement ; postscript ; (m.) digression ; region, tract ; shade, protection ; attendants. >— >-oU. hdsih, pi. hawdsih, storm, such as to throw up pebbles. Ju>W hdsid, pi. hasada-t, hussdd, mower ; reaper. ^J\^ hdsir, who besieges, block- ades ; astringent ; accountant ; mat. J.0W. hdsil, pi. hawdsil, what hap- pens, results, remains finally ; produce ; sum, product, quotient in arithmetic ; advantage, gain ; tax, custom ; (m.) corn-maga- zine, store-house, store-room, pantry. ^^\^ hdsin, i hdsina-t, pi. hawdsin, chaste (woman). ^V=. hddir, i, pi. huddar, hudvr, present, before the eyes, ready (also applied to money) ; the present tense ; second person ; pi. hudddr, hadara-t, settled, domiciled ; inhabitant of a village or town ; family ; tribe ; — ' hddira-t, fixed residence, village, town. (^1=^ hddin, pi. hudddn, who em- braces, caresses ; — S hddina-t, pi. hawddin, nurse ; midwife. ■r->t\=- hdtib, gathering wood ; in rhetorical parlance : one who picks up phrases carelessly. I»^U. hdti'im, pi. hawdtim, what promotes digestion ; want, lack ; crushing. wiV=> hdf-in, see ^^ hdfi; — Mff, surrounding, ag. of (<-4=>-) ; — 6 hdfa-t, edge, rim, border ; coast ; need ; adversity ; — pi. of s-^^ . ^\=. hdfid, pi. hafad, hafada-t, hawdfid, ahfdd, grandson ; active servant ; helper, assistant. /U hdfir, ag. of {f.^) ; pi. hawdfir, hoof, claw ; hoof-print ; foot ; — i hdfira-t, beginning ; original state ; road, trace, track. ^u 259 J^ ^^^^ hdfisa-t, watercourse. !=i^ hdfiz, I, pi. huffaz, hafaza-t, ag. of (W) ; God ; guardian, watcher ; governor ; who knows the Koran by heart ; — i Mfiza-t, memory. JiV=^ hdfil, pi. huffal, entirely full. ;_5iV=- hdfi (i_*W. hdf-in), pi. hufut, bare-foot; unshod (hoof) ; judge; benevolent ; merry. v3^ Mjg', perfect; truthful; middle; — 'i hdqqa-t, pi. hawdqq, what is sure to come ; Day of Judgment ; perfect, truthful, zeal. (j^^ hdqin, suffering from dysury ; — S hdqina-t, pi. hawdqin, sto- mach ; abdomen. kidU. Mlc-in, see hdhi ; — 6 hdka-t, pi. of uslfW^ hd'ik ; — hdkka-t, tooth. j»^^ hakim, pi. hukkdm, judge ; governor. Sj^U. hdkura-f, pi. hawdkir, vege- table-field ; enclosure (m.). ^ji'^=- Mki (csJU hdk-in), pi. hukdt, narrator. J^ AaZ, pi. ahwdl, ahwila-t, state, condition, circumstance ; posi- tion ; rank, profession ; present time ; ^\ tj^ lisdn al-hdl, language befitting the circum- stances ; — hall, pi. hidnl, hulldl, hullal, descending, im- pending, due ; — » hdla-t, pi. hdldt. Ml, state, condition. v-JW hdlih, pi. haldba-t, milker ; pi. hawdlih, groin (m.). (jJ^ hdliq, f. ii , pi. halaqa-t, barber ; epilatory ; — hdliq, s hdliqa-t, one who is unfortu- nate, miserable ; — hdliq, pi. hawdliq, full udder ; hill ; night. u£i!U hdlik, pitch dark, black as a raven. fX^ hdlim, ag. of (i^) ; mature (youth) ; cress. y^JU hdlus, sickle (m.). ^jJU hdliyy (J^=> hdl-in), referring to the present time or state; modern ; in present currency ; S hdliyya-t, present participle ; conditionality ; — hdli, i , pi. harvdli, adorning one's self ; adorned ; ornamental ; hand- some, lovely, graceful ; (m.) small peas ; — S hdli'a-t, a poisonous snake. («V»- hdin. Ham ; — ii hdmma-t, grandees, noblemen, gentry. y\^ hdmiz, strong ; sharp, piquant ; wide awake, witty. (j4/»W h'imid, » , sour ; bitter ; salt ; embittered. J^W hdmil, pi. hamala-t, porter ; ,_3=.y^ C hdmil al-wahy, Gabriel ; — also 5 hdmila-t, big with young, pregnant ; laden with fruit ; overflowing ; — hdmila-t, pi. hawdmil, river-bed ; hand- basket. ^j«^ hdmi (f»^ hdm-in), » , glowing, burning hot ; pi. humdt, f. 8 , pi. hawdmi, protector ; clientship, defensive alliance ; — hdmiyy, Hamite, descendant of Ham. yV=» hdnn, greedy; agitated, moved; f. ii hlnna-t, calling for her foal or young one ; — S hdna-t, wine- house, tavern. UU. hdnit, crimson. usij^ hdnih^'^'^ hdlik. uuyVs. hdnfit, pi. hawdnit, wine- house ; shop, office. ^yU hdnavdyy, inn-keeper ; shop- keeper ; official. jjjVc hd.wi (jW- haw-in), ii , com- prising, encompassing, contain- ing ; collector ; ledger ; snake- charmer ; — s haiviya-t, and — VjjV=> hdwiyd', pi. hawdwi, gut, intestine. s-»^ lid'ih, sinner, criminal (vj=-). gfW- hd'ij, wanting (ej°-). OaU hd'id, deviating ; wanderer (^). ^U hd'ir, i , confused, perplexed (J\i c hd'ir hd'ir, who has entirely lost his head) ; lean, thin ; low-land, garden ; pi. of^ 260 £*=■ hurdn, Mrdn, place where water gathers, y^ hd'iz, who obtains, possesses (^^)-. . (j4»^ hd'id, pi. huyyad, i hn'ida-t, pi. hawd'id, having the menses, la^ ^a'i.f, pi. hipln, hiyiit, wall ; enclosure ; garden. <-Af^ ^a'l/, pi. Jfi'ifa-t, huyyaf, edge, border, side ; cruel. »iW^ hd'ik, pi. /ii'ika-f, hiiyyak, f. is M'ika-t, pi. (lawii'iJ,-, weaver. JfU. ^<(';7, pi. MyiU, hnl, hmvwal, Mlal, ag. of (J^), q.v. (W^ hd'im, pi. huwwam, thirsty, eager for, desirous ; flying around (r>-)- (^^W. hay-in), alive. living. (v^) Aa6&, I, INF. hibb, hubb, love, be in love, like ; desire, wish for ; pass, be tired ; — habib, A, habub, INF. habab, make friends with {^^\ ila) ; — ii. INF. tahbib, render dear, en- dear ; run to seed ; make jsills ; • — III. INF. hibdb, mvhi'ibaha-t, uiuhdhba-t, cultivate one's friend- ship ; show love to (ace.) ; — iv. INF. ihbdb, love ; desire, crave for; prefer; lie run to seed; kneel down without stirring any more (camel) ; — v. inf. tahabbiib, show love ; — vi. inf. iahdbb, love one another ; — x. INF. isti/ihdh, find amiable, beau- tiful, agreeable ; love ; prefer to (j_j).c 'ala). •-:-=. habb, jil. hubi'ib, hiibbd-n, grain; corn ; seed ; berry ; nut ; pill ; bud ; c^jUJ^ c habh al-muh'iJi, cherry; (•UaJ\ c habb al-gamdm, hail-stone; — hibb, hvbb, love, friendship, benevolence ; — hilih, pi. ahbdb, hibbdii, lovev, beluvi-d one, friend; — hubb, pi. ahbdb, hibaba-t, hibdb, grape-stone ; wine-jug; — habb-a, <^ s-^ habb-a 6i-//i, how nice! how beautiful! — 6 habba-t, pi. habbdt, grain, corn, berry ; globule ; blister. pustule ; grain (measure) ; mor- sel, trifle, a little ; <-r^^ C habba-t al-qalb, bottom of the heart ; original sin ; — hibba-t, pi. iftibab, berry; — hubba-t, pi. hubab, "beloved; love, friend- ship ; also huba-t, pi. Iniba, grape-stone. U=- haba', pi. ahbdd , favourite ; — hibCi', gift, present ; — hubd, pi. of s^-s^ hubwa-t. wUs. habdb, hubdb, * , bubble, drop ; the deep ; — hibdb, inf. III. of (s-^) ; pi. of s-c hubb ; — hibdb, love; loved, beloved one ; serpent ; — habbdb, seller of jugs. jW=- habdr, hibdr, pi. habdrdt, hibd- rdt, sign ; trace. 5)Ui^ htibdirij, (4jW=^ hubdra, pi. hubdrdydt, habdri, habd'ir, bus- tard. i&U=» hubd.Hi-t, medley, crowd. e!W=^ hibdh, pi. hubuk, strap ; girdle, belt ; path, course ; orbit of a star ; — habbdl-, lace- maker. JW=- hibdl, pi. of ^t^ habl ; — hubdJ, pregnancy ; fulness ; — habbdl, rope-maker ; — s habd- la-t, rope-making ; — hibdla-i, pi. habd'il, net, snare, noose ; string ; vine-shoot. t)W=" hibbdn, hubbdn, \A. of -r-=- habb, hibb. yW=- habd'ir, pi. of (^jW=- hnbdra. JjVt=. habii'il, pi. of iSUc hibdla-t. ■-. ■■;■= ■ habab, hibab, bubble ; row of pearl-like te^'th ; fine set of teeth ; — hibab, hubab, pi. of i<-^ hibba-t, hiibba-t respectively;- — ' hubaba-t, pi. of >-:--=' hubb. (^M") hidifai-, short of stature; — al-habtar, fox. (er^^) ^"baj, I, INF. habj, appear suddenly ; walk fast ; ap- proach ; — INF. habja-t, beat with a stiek ; (m.) thrash ; — habij, A, INF. habaj, be puffed up with food, •-r-tef^ habhab, i , melon. 261 ^■V' hahhazd, well done ! bravo ! hence : ii. habbaz, inf. tahhh, call bravo, applaud, praise. ()^) hdbar, rr, inf. habr, em- bellish, adorn; benefit; (m.) meditate ; — inf. hatir, habra-t, rejoice (a.), amuse, divert ; — habir, A, inf. habar, have a luxuriant vegetation ; be yellow; be healed, pass. id. ; also inf. huhur, rejoice (n.), be glad and content; — ii. inf. tahbir, em- bellish, adorn ; (m.) provide the ink-bottle with ink ; make striped garments ; — vi. inf. tahdbur, lend one another oxen for ploughing. ;*=- habr, habar, gladness, cheer- fulness, contentment ; benefit ; — hah; hibr, a Jewish doctor, scribe, pontiff (^cl8^ gJ\ al-habr al-a'zam, the Pope) ; — hibr, pi. ahbdr, beauty ; ink ; — 8 habra-t, amusement, music and dance ; — habara-t, hibara-t, a striped stuff made in Yaman. Sp^ hubruj, pi. habiirij, habih-ij, bustard. (j)<^ habra, Hebron ; — habriyy, (m.) ij}j-f^ habrawiyy, pontifical ; solemn ; — hibriyy, maker of ink ; — hibariyy, seller of striped cloth of Yaman. f-f^) habas, i, inf. hobs, mahbas, hold, hold back, retain, prevent ; confine, imprison ; devote to pious use ; envelop, wrap up ; — II. INF. tahbis, imprison, wrap up ; — HI. INF. mvhdbasa-t, try to hold back or prevent, pro- hibit, prevent ; — iv. inf. ihbds, imprison, keep prisoner ; con- secrate to pious use ; — viii. INF. inhibds, be prohibited, kept back, imprisoned ; restrain one's self ; — x. inf. istihbus, retire from the world ; live as a hermit. habs, imprisonment ; reten- tion ; pi. hubus, prison ; — hobs, hibs, pi. ahbds, weir, dam ; pond ; (' — hubs, hubus, pi. ahbds, pious endowment ; — S hubsa-t, reten- tion ; self-restraint ; silence ; impediment of speech ; difficulty in expressing one's self. V~-=^ hubasd', pi. of (j~~^ habis. (lA^) habas, r, inf. hab^, also II. inf. tahbis, collect ; — v. INF. tahabbus, be collected, as- sembled. (ji>t=- habas (also coll.), pi. hubsdn, Abyssinian, Ethiopian; — 6 haba- s'a-t, Abyssinia ; — ^_s habasiyy, an Abyssinian. (0^=") hahad, i, inf. habd, beat, throb ; die ; — also habitf, i, INF. habad, make resound the string of a bow; fall down before the shooter ; — u, inf. hubud, decrease ; lessen ; be not valid ; — IV. inf. ihbdd, invali- date, abolish ; make efforts, exert one's self. (j4-.=^ habad, motion ; pulsation, throbbing ; sound, noise. Qa^ habat, i, inf. habt, huhut ; also habit. A, inf. habat, come to nought ; be useless ; be spilt unavenged ; — habit, have the belly puffed up with food ; break up again ; — iv. inf. ihbdt, nullify. (i3-f ) habaq, i, inf. habq, habiq, hubdq, break wind ; — 11. inf. tahbiq, gather one's things for departure, put them in good order. yii=" habqar, habaqurr, hail. ^^JM> hibiqqa, quick travelling or walking. (csW) habah, weave skilfully ; unite firmly ; lop, cut off ; — II. INF. tahbiJc, unite firmly, fasten tightly ; (m.) interweave ; twist a thread ; — v. inf. tahab- buk, be firmly united, tightened ; be girdled ; work well together (parts of a machine, &c.) ; — viii. inf. ihtibdk, weave well ; arrange and carry out well ; be well woven ; be full. «ai*. 262 U> u^s' huhulc, part, morsel ; coat of mail ; pi. of cjJU. hihdh and 4^,^^^ hahika-i ; — hubukk, firm, strong ; — s habka-t, tex- ture ; — hubka-t, pi. hubak, strap ; girdle ; — habaka-t, vine- root. (;^^=^) habkar, inf. ii , gather, as- semble ; — II. INF. tahabkur, be perplexed, confused. (J-^) ^aial, V, INF. AafcZ, set nets or snares, catch with such ; fasten with ropes ; make a covenant ; — habil, v, inp. habal, be full ; be pregnant ; conceive (woman); be angry; — ii. inf. tahbil, IV. INF. ikbdl, get with child ; — VIII. inf. ihtibdl, catch game with a net or noose. i^t^ habl, pi. hibdl, hubtd, ahbdl, ahbul, string, rope, cable (c y_>i'L-*S\ habl al-masdkiii, ivy) ; fetter ; far-stietching sand-hill ; vein, sinew ; covenant, com- pact ; friendship, protection ; — hibl, skilful, clever, prudent : also habl, pi. hubill, evil ; — habal, pregnancy, concejjtion ; replenishing (s.) ; anger ; — is habla-t, habala-f, hubla-t, vine- root, shoot; — hubla-t, i>]. hiibal, neck-tie ; — habala-t, pi. of il»W hdbila-t ; — (^ hnhla, pi. hubla- ydt, habdla, pregnant; big with young. Q)%~c=. habldn, i , full ; enraged ; f . pregnant, big with child. (y-s*^) habin. A, also pass, hubin, INF. habn, haban, be afflicted with dropsy ; be enraged against (^ 'ala). (j-t^ habn, rose-laurel ; — hibn, monkey ; also » hibna-t, pi. hubun, blister ; boil ; — haban, dropsy. U.-^ habnd', f. of s-.i=>\ ahnab, dropsical. (^c) habd, u, INF. habw, crawl (as a child) ; not be able to move from weakness ; appear ; give, present with ; prevent, detain, keep from ; — inf. hubmvw, be near; be close to- gether ; — III. INF. hibd', muhd- bdt, show regard; show prefe- rence, favour ; abate from the price ; — viii. inf. ihtibd', gather the clothes behind or tie them up to the hips; — » habica-t, hibwa-t, hubwa-t, gift, present; — hubwa-t, hibira-t, pi. huba, hiba, gathering and tucking up of a garment ; loop or girdle for that purpose. >^^-^ hubub, pi. of <-r-^ habb ; hence a new sing. : 6 hububa-t, grain ; plague-blister ; pi. hu- bilbat, corn-fruit ; fruit with shells. ^yt^ hubiir, indolence, laziness ; — habbur, pi. habdbir, the young of a bustard ; — 6 hubiira-t, know- ledge of the Jewish law. ^f!^ habul, evil. ^^;=- huba, pi. of ^-^=' huba-t and of ift^ habwa-t. ■■. '■^■{■= ' habib, f. i , pi. ahbdb, ahibbd', ahibba-t, habd'ib, beloved one ; lover ; sweetheart, darling ; c ^\ habib a /?c(^, Muhammad ; — i habiba-t, anything loved; Medina ; — hiibayyib, little darling. u~«^ habis, consecrated to pious use ; hermit. &^^ habika-t, pi. hubuk, habik, habd'ik, path in the sand ; orbit of a star. i^yin^ habin, dropsical. (uu^) hatt, u, inf. hatt, wipe, rub off ; peel, shell ; strip the leaves from a branch ; fall off ; — vi. INF. tahdtt, VII. INF. inl^iti'it, fall off or out. ei-=- hatt, pi. ahtdf, making quick and long steps ; ostrich ; what has fallen off, anything dry, withered. (^) hata', A, INF. hat', beat ; lie U:. 263 with ; twist ; fix ; sew, stitch ; i unload. ualst. hatdi, noise, tumult ; — hutdt, chips, shavings. jU=. hitdr, pi. /jM<2tr, edge, border ; circumference ; shell of the ear, prepuce. (»U=» haUdma^=^ ,_3-=^ hatta md, until when ? how long ? ((•^Ji=-), III. ihta'amm, inf. ihti'mdm, cut or break off. (ctNSs^t.) hathat, inf. ii , fall off. (jis=.) hatad, i, inf. hutud, remain, stay ; — hatid, a, inf. hatad, be of pure descent. Jk;^ hatid, of pure descent ; — hutud, root, essence, origin. (y^) hatar, I, v, inf. hatr, fasten, tie ; fix one's look at (ace.) ; — INF. hatr, hutnr, present food, give to eat; give little to one's people, prove niggardly ; taste food, eat. y!=- hitr, present, gift ; — hutur, pi. of jVas. hitdr. i^yfe. hatrdb, short, small. i^f^) hitris, short, small, dwarf- ish ; — hence ii. inf. tahrds, assemble (m.) ; try to catch in running. (cJyte.) hatraf, inf. » , remove, push aside. {{J-^ hatas, V, inf. hati, come together ; fix one's look long upon ; pass, be seized with merriment. (<_ate.) hatf, pi. hutilf, death ; fol- lowed by •~ii\ anf or ^ fam, as a complement : natural death. (u>Xsa.) hataJc, i, inf. hatk, hatakdn, walk fast and with short steps ; cut off, scrape or shave off. ( Ji=.) hatl, gift, present ; resem- blance, similarity ; the worse of two things. (^»-=.) hatm, I, INF. hatm, inspire ; indicate ; impose as necessity or duty ; order, decree ; decide finally ; fix, confirm ; — ii. inf. ta^tim, finish. ^^^ hatm, pi. hutiim, final decision ; order, decree, (ij"^) hatm, A, INF. hatan,'he violent (as heat, &e.); — vi. inf. tahdtttn, equal one another, y-^ hatn, hitn, pi. ahtdn, similar, equal; comrade; du. two equals in anything. (y^) hatd, u, INF. hatw, run fast ; twist tightly, ^y^ hutum, pi. of ^V hdtim and f*'^ hatm. (fj^) hata, I, INF. haty, also iv. INF. ihtd', sew together ; twist together ; fix, fasten. ,_y^ hatta, until, as far as ; j_3~» c hatta mate, ^ c hatta md, |«V;^ hattdma, until when ? how long ? hatta and y^ c hatia ami, until, so that ; in order that ; nay even ; as well ; except. ((A^) hass, u, INF. hass, also ii. INF. tahsis and iv. inf. ihsds, instigate, incite, encourage ; speed onward; — vi. inf. tahdss, do so mutually ; — vii. inf. inhisds, pass, of I. ; — VIII. INF. ihfisds^ I. and also its pass. vS-c- hass, instigation, incitement. lijUs. hasds, hisds, sleep ; a black collyrium ; — hisds, pi. of li^tie- hasis. vi»a^ hashas, inf. i := (j-i-^) ; urge, hasten (a.) ; flash ; move the pencil with collyrium to the eye. (r^) ^asir. A, INF. hasar, be covered with pustules ; be run- ning (eye). ( J^) i^asil. A, INF. hasal, be badly fed ; — IV. INF. ihsdl, feed badly ; make the condition of anyone worse. (s-J^^) hislib, dregs, sediment. (j»J!o.) hasam, v, inf. hasm, give; rub, rub off. (ySo.) hasd, ir, inf. hasw, give little ; — also i^jis^ hasa, i, inf. hasy, tahsd', strew ; be strewn upon the head, on a dead body, &c. (dust). 264 /!^ >^)^ hasus, i.i~^ (msi^, pi. hisds, instigated, incited ; quick. (,^) see (ys-). (cf-) ^'W- u. INF. ^a_;>', go or wander to, especially in j)ilgri- mage to Mecca ; desist ; get the better of in a lawsuit or by legal means; — iii. inf. lujilj, mnhujja-t, dispute, argue, de- monstrate ; plead one's case ; — V. INF. ta hajjuj, i:>ro&.er as a proof, reason, or pretext ; — vi. INF. tahiijj, argue against one another; — viii. inf. ihiijaj^ V. ; excuse one's self. gs> hiji, pilgrimage to Mecca ; — A (y)', pi. of eW Mji ; — 6 hijja-t, pi. -at, hijaj, a pilgrimage to Mecca ; a year ; jJ^ jj zil 'l- hijja-t, pi. ^\ ^^i zawiU al- hijja-t, the last month of the Muhammadan year ; — hujja-t, pi. hujaj, proof, argument, de- monstration ; certificate ; docu- ment, deed, legal papers ; sen- tence (of a judge) ; law-suit ; pretext, excuse, subterfuge. (U,,:^) haja, A, INF. fiaj', rejoice at ; retain, keep back ; flee, take refuge; — (_;*'=' ^oy'i haji, also V. INF. tahajji, rejoice at, be greedy for or sparing with (v» hi). s->^^=' hijAh, pi. hujub, partition ; veil ; curtain ; bashf ulness, modesty ; amulet ; — hujjdb, pi. of h'tjib ; — i hijdha-t, office of a door-keeper or chamber- lain. eW^ l.iaj'ij^ l"'j'V'V^- "^'Jjc-*; eye- bone ; eye-brow ; side, edge, border ; — hiji'j, inf. hi. of (cf-). arguing (s.) ; dispute; — hajjdj, quarrelsome, litigious ; dogmatical person ; tyrant ; who makes frequent pilgrimages ; — hujjuj, pi. of eW hdjj. jV«,=. hajji'ir, stone-cutter; mason; — ii liiji'ira-t, pi. of ^35=- hajar. jUj^ //y'lir, rope; region surrounded by mountains ; Hijaz ; — » hijd- za-t, hindrance ; — ^^ hijihiyy, of Hijaz. J^as^ hajji'il, splendour, brightness. ,«^*==- hij'hii, set of teeth; muzzle; — hajji'iin, cupper; bath-keeper; — ii /lijdma-t, hajdma-t, cnj>-pmg (s-«:=>) hajcib, V, I, inf. hajh, hijdh, cover, veil ; separate by stepping between ; shut off, inclose, wall ; (m.) cujj ; — II. inf. tahj'ih, veil entirely ; put out of sight ; shut off; — V. INF. tahajjuh, Vll. INF. itihijdh, VIII. INF. ihiijdh, pass, of II. ; conceal one's self ; sit behind a curtain ; — x. inf. istihjdb, make anybody one's door-keeper or chamberlain. s-^a^ hujub, pi. of s^W^ ^0''^ i — ' hajaba-t, pi. of s-="^ hdjib. S^=^ hjjaj, ^ujaj, pi. of ife^ hijja-f, hujja-t respectively. (gj&as^j hajhaj, inf. S , recede ; be on the point of speaking, but abstain ; stop, stay. (f»Aj&=^^ hajdaiii, pi. hajddim, sown field. ■ (jte^) hajar, u, inf. hajr, hijr, hujr, hijrdn, hvjrdn, hinder, refuse admission or the use of a thing ; place under curator- ship ; — II. INF. fahjir, pelt or cover with stones ; stone ; turn into stone ; — v. inf. tahajjur, harden (n.), turn into stone, petrify ; be very stony ; — x. inf. istihjdr^v. ; make a room or stable for one's use. jase" hajr, hijr, hindrance, prohi- bition, defence ; placing under curatorship ; bosom ; — hijr, hujr, unlawful, forbidden; pi. "^ji'ir, hijdr, wall, inclosure ; dam ; northern wall of the Ka'aba ; bosom ; gathered seam of a garment ; seam of a shirt ; intellect; pi. ahjdr, hole of a mouse, snake, &c. ; pi. ahjdr, hujur, hujura-t, mare ; the an- cient dwellings of the Thamud- ;^=^ 265 ^^^ ites ; — hujr, bosom ; embrace ; — Hjar, pi. ahjilr, ahjur, hij'h-, hijara-t, stone; ,_yi-j\ c 'hajav armaiiujy, azure-stone, lazuli; dn.jiJ-/iajitriin, gold and silver; — ii hajra-t, pi. hajr, hajardt, Idwiljir, .side of a house, court- yard ; stony, f. (hajratan, sepa- rately, by one's self) ; bosom ; understanding, intellect ; — /lij- ra-t, mare ; — hujra-t, pi. hiijar, hujrnt, hujanlt, hujurdt, stable, fold ; room, chamber ; sepulchre ; wall-niche. y\;^^ hijrihi, hujrdn, inf. of (^) hajaz, u, i, inf. hajz, hajiz, hijdza-i, Idjjiza, shut off, cover, conceal ; prevent from approach- ing, hinder ; step between, keep asunder ; — hajiz, a, inf. hajaz, have heat in the intestines and feel thirsty ; — ill. inf. muhd- jaza-t, oppose, try to prevent ; — IV. INF. ijhdz, come or travel to Hijaz ; — VII. INF. inhijdz, be prevented, hindered ; — viii. INF. ihtijdz, id. ; gird one's self round the waist ; carry any- thing in one's bosom ; be gathered, assemble (n.). ^a^ hajz, prevention, hindrance ; — hijz, hujz, origin ; relations ; — » hujza-t, pi. hujaz, girt, girdle ; waist ; ^\ iM, fidda-t al-hujza-t, patience, endurance ; — hajaza-t, pi. of_)=-^ hdjiz. (<-ia»=>), III. hdjaf, INF. rmihdjafa-t, oppose, hinder ; — vii. inf. in- hijdf, humble one's self ; — viii. INF. ihtijdf, abstain, desist ; ap- propriate ; — 6 hajafa-t, leathern shield; breast. (J^^) hajal, V, I, INF. hajl, haja- Idii, hop ; run in leaps ; — i, INF. hujul, be sunk in its socket (eye) ; — pass. inf. hajl, step between ; — ii. inf. tahjU, have all four or three feet white or white-spotted. Ja»^ hajl, hijl, hijil, hijill, pi. hnjnl, a/ijdl, fetter, ring on the foot (also for ornament) ; white spot on a horse's hoof ; — hijl, pi. hitji'il, horse with three or four white feet ; — hajal, pi. ''J.iji^h J*=^ hijla. noun of unity i/iajahi-t, pi. hujldn, male part- ridge ; — hajula-t, pi. hajal, hijdl, bridal chamber; bridal throne. !i^:^ hajld', f. of J^ ahjal, white- footed, y!^^!:^ hajaldn, inf. of (Ji?»^). ((•«»=-) hajam, v, a, inf. hajm, hajdma-t, cup ; — u, i, inf. hajm, suck ; be high (breasts) ; muzzle ; prevent ; — ii. inf. ta/tjlm, look at sharply, with passion; — iv. inf. ihjdm, cup; desist from fear; show one's self cowardly ; forbear ; shrink back; refuse respect, help; be high (breasts); — vii. inf. inhi- jdm, get cupped; — viii. inf. ihtijdm, get one's self cupped ; cup. ^as=" hajm, pi. hujmn, swelling; thickness ; bulk. ((^a»s-) hajiii, A, INF. hajan, adhere to ; act miserly ; stop, remain ; be crooked; — hajan, u, bend, make crooked ; divert, dissuade ; also VIII. INF. ihtijdn, draw to one's self by a hooked stick; hold fast ; — II. INF. fahjhi, bend, make hooked or crooked. y.a!=- hajan, ' hujna-t, crook, bend; — hajan, hajin, tick (insect). (^«!=>) hajd, U", INF. hajw, suppose, be of opinion, assert without sufficient foundation ; judge of a person ; remain, stay, stop ; adhere to a thing, be sparing with it ; keep (a secret) ; re- ward, requite ; urge on ; pre- 34 ts^ 266 i^i ^ h W vent ; surpass in solving riddles ; — o'?^ ^f'i '> ■*■, INF. hajan, be addicted to, infatuated with (>-• 6i) ; — III. INF. hija, miihiljiU, surpass in solving riddles ; pro- pose a riddle. o^!!=» hijan, hija, pi. ahj't\ con- siderateness ; prudence ; cun- ning ; riddle ; — hajh worthy ; — hajl, hajiyij, intelligent, con- siderate. W?!c- hujayyd, riddle. e>*^^ ^"Jij, ' hajija-t, pi. of eU hi'jj- . Tsass. hcijir, stony. ijjt^^ hajjiza, hindrance, inf. of ()^)'- . J^ase. hajU, having three or four white feet. (.\a.) hadd, V, and (m.) a, inf. hadd, sharpen; sharpen one's look ; confine, define, distin- guish ; resti-ain, prevent, hinder; chastise ; refuse ; — u, i, inf. hadd, hiddd, put off all orna- ments ; wear mourning apparel ; — I, INF. hidda-t, be sharp, cutting ; — u, and (m.) i, inf. hadd, hidda-t, be violent, em- passioned, enraged ; fly into a passion against (^ 'ala) ; pass. hudd, be unhappy, unfortunate, miserable ; — ii. inf. iahJid, sharpen ; confine ; define ; forge iron ; be a blacksmith ; — iii. INF. muhdda-t, prevent, hinder, restrain ; oppose as an enemy ; grow passionate against ; — iv. INF. ihddd, put off all orna- ments, wear mourning ; — v. INF. tahaddud, be limited, de- fined ; — VIII. INF. ihtidud, be sharp ; be empassioned, enraged ; fly into a passion ; — x. inf. istihdikl, shave off the hair of the pubes. •^o- hida', pi. of ii^J^ hidiU ; — hadd, pi. hudi'id, limit, boun- dary ; term ; end, goal, aim ; district ; reach, sphere of action ; difference ; definition ; rule ; punishment ; edge, point ; pas- sion ; intoxicating strength of liquors ; strength, bravery ; energy ; manner, way ; hin- drance ; (m.) side ; violent, passionate; — ' hida-t, inf. of Jk=-^ ivahid, being alone, solitari- ness ; — hidda-t, edge of a sword, &c. ; sharpness ; pas- eionateness ; imj^ulsiveness ; im- petuosity ; anger ; intoxicating strength (of wine, &c.). (^Jo-) hada', a, inf. had', turn; divert (a.), dissuade ; — ^-is* hadi\ A, INF. hada', take refuge with {^J^ ila) ; take into client- ship, protect ; be angry with (Js^'ala). \'^=^ haddi'i, camel-driver ; — ' ha- da'a-t, pi. hada', hadn', double- edged axe, hatchet ; — hidut, hida'a-t, pi. .i^^ hida', hida , hid'uu, vulture ; hawk. wj).i=. had'th, time of famine ; ^ hidilh, pi. of v_.JL=> hadab. iij\.ii^ A(V?(?s, talk, chat; — huddu^, pi. of vi=jU hndif, ag. of ('^■^) ; — i hadCna-1, newness ; youth ; — hid'ha-t, freshness ; begin- ning. i=.\.\=. hiddja-t, pi. hadii'ij, camel- saddle or litter. j^-io hiddd, mourning, mourning- apparel; INF. of (■^) ; pi. of ^.i=- hadid ; — hiiddd, sharp, pi. ahiddd', ahidda-t, of a sharp intellect, of fluent speech ; pas- sionate ; — hadddd, pi. -lin, who limits, confines, hinders ; black- smith ; tinker ; — S hiddda-t, occupation of a blacksmith. 4&\.i:^ hiddsa-t^^i^\':^ hiddja-t. &i\^t^ hiddija-t, vulture. (sj-^) hadih. A, inf. hadab, bulge, be convex, be hump-backed ; be devoted, benevolent, kind, com- passionate ; not marry again ; — II. INF. tahdib, make convex ; — XII. ihdauddb, inf. ihdiddb, 267 be hump-backed; extend in a crooked line. sJ'is- haddb, pi. hiddb, rugged rising ground ; back of a wave ; — hadib, kind, compassionate ; hump-backed ; — hitdb, pi. of i_jAa.\ ahdab, hump-backed ; — ' hadaba-t, hump ; being crooked, hump-backed ; convexity. 1}.*=. hadba, f. of >-j.i=i-^ ahdab, hump-backed. (vij.i&) hadas, r, inf. hiidns, hada- sa-t, happen for the first time, happen, happen to {^\ ila) ; — hadus, INF. hadiha-t, be new, fresh, young ; — ii. inf. tahdis, tell (something new) ; address, talk to ( J\ ila or <-> bi) ; ex- plain a text ; — III. INF. muhtl- dasa-t, converse with (ace.) ; — IV. INF. ihdds, produce anything fresh, cause to exist ; drop ex- crement and get polluted there- by ; happen ; — v. inf. tahaddus, tell, converse ; — vi. inf. tahddus, tell to one another, converse together ; — x. inf. istihdns, find new. iA>A^ hads, anything new ; recent event ; event, accident ; hids, hadis, who narrates well ; — hadas, pi. ahdds, id., pi. ah- dasdt, events, accidents ; youth, young man ; f . S ; beginning ; pollution by excrement. yU'.i=> hidsdn, novelty, freshness ; pi. events, accidents ; young people. (B"^) hadaj, i, f. hadj, saddle and load the camel, especially with the litter for women ; accuse, calumniate ; cheat ; shoot ; look sharply at ; strike, hit ; — iv. INF. idhdj, put the load or the litter on the camel. g.\c. hidj, pi. hudiij, ahdfij, load of a camel ; camel-Utter for wo- men. (;■*=>) hadar, u, i, inf. hadr, hudilr, descend ; let down ; swell and get hard ; cause to do so ; purge; surround; be assembled; — IT, INF. hadr, hasten, do any- thing in a hurry ; inf. hadr, haddra-t, be fat and thick-set; — V, I, INF. hadr, flow over with tears ; — iv. inf. ihddr, cause to descend ; throw down ; hasten through the sea ; — v. INF. tahaddur, descend gradu- ally ; let one's self down, gUde down ; swim down, flow — vii. INF. inhiddr, be let down ; de- scend; swell. ;•*=- hadar, declivity ; — hudurr, thick, swollen. ^jA=. hadr a', f. of j^ ahdar, squint- eyed : having thin flanks. Ej-i:^ hadraj, inf. i , twist firmly. (o— ^) hadas, v, i, inf. hads, wander about without a guide ; wander ; err about ; hasten ; surmise, conjecture ; intend ; purpose ; conquer in wrestling ; tread down ; — v. inf. tahaddus, inquire after the truth of any- thing. (j-'io- hads, quick understanding ; foresight ; guess. iL_.\=. hadsiyya-t, supposition, sur- mise. (o^=») hadaq, i, inf. hadq, sur- round, encompass, enclose, wall in; look at; — ll. inf. tahdiq, surround, look sharply at ; — IV. INF. ihddq, xil. ihdaiidaq, INF. ihdiddq, surround ; — S hadaqa-t, pi. hadaq, hiddq, ahddq, the black of the eye, pupil. (Jji=>) hadal, l, inf. hadl, hudul, also hadil. A, inf. hadal, be unjust against {i^ 'ala) ; have one shoulder higher than the other ; — (m.) i, inf. haddla-t, smooth a flat roof with a roller and make it impermeable. Jj^ hadl, flat, smooth (m.) ; — hadil, unjust ; partial. ((.Ac) hadm, glow of a fire ; — 268 hence : it. ahdam, inf. ihcVnn, burn, glow ; — v. inf. tahaddiim, be glowing, burn with anger. 0"^) ftadd, u, INF. hadw, hidiV, hudd', urge on ; drive camels by singing to them ; incite, spur ; follow ; — viil. inf. ihtidd', urge on ; follow. «jj.i£^ hudiis, novelty, freshness ; originality ; happening of any- thing ; appearance ; invention ; — ii hudiisa-t, youthfulness. jj>\=^ hadilr, steep declivity, preci- pice ; — hudnr, descent, inf. of (jAc^j ; — ' hadi'ini-t, hudara-t, flood of tears. ((^>i=^) hadt, A, INF. ^.i^ hadan, stick to a place ; — iv. inf. ihdd', do on purpose ; — ' hid- diyya-t^^i'i^ hidda-f. je>:i\ ^ds. hada 'd-dahr, never. ^■^ hudayyd, being an adversary, antagonism. ci-j.i=> hadis, pi. akdih, new, recent, fl'esh ; pi. /lid^dii, youth, young m;in ; pi. ahndh, hid^ihi, hadsdn, recent event, fresh news ; tra- dition of Muhammad ; story, tale ; conversation, chat ; — hiddis, talkative; — ^^ hldd'tm, tale, narrative. ^..ii> had'id, confining with, border- ing upon; — pi. h'lddd, of cjuick understanding, of fluent .speech ; passionate; — pi. hada id, iron; armour, helmet; — S /jadUJa-t, pi. hada'id, piece of iron; sharpi sword ; weapon ; iron tool ; — ^ had'idiyy, 6, of iron. 4iu.Xc^ hadiqa-f, pi. hadd'iq, en- closed garden or vineyard. (Ac) ha::, u, inf. ha::, cut off entirely. A=^ ha::, cutting off, lopping (s.) ; — i hu::a-i, slice of meat; — hi:at-an, opjjosite. ^■i=. hi:a, oppo.site ; — hi:ii'-a, vis- a-vis; j)l. oh:iya-t, shoe, sandal; sole of the foot ; — ha::ii', shoe- maker. j\ju^ j\Jkt^ ha:nr-i ha:ai--i, take care ! be on your guard ! beware ! j_5j\ j=- ha:dra, pi. of j-i=> ^azir ; — ha:dra, ha:dri, pi. of h^->^ hi:- riya-f. ^JM^ ha:dq, inf. of (o'^) ; — hir'iq, hii:'iq, pi. of ii^ hizqa-t; — /nizzdq, pi. of J j^ hdziq ; — S hi:dqa-t, penetration ; sagacity ; skill ; learning the Koran by heart ; — hii:dqa-i, mouthful. J\jc^ hii:dl, S huzdla-t, a red resin ; — hiK'ila-t, seam of a shirt; chaff. 6^^Jr=; bi-ha:ihnir-l-hi, the whole of it, all. ■i^ hazaz, mobility ; wagging of the tail ; suppression of a v:atad majmiV at the end of a foot of verse. (ji=^) ha:!)-, A, inf. ha:r, hazar, mahzfira-t, be on one's guard; fear for a j^erson (i_^ 'ala) from (y^ mill) : — II. inf. tah:if, in- spire with fear from (two ace.) ; frighten by threats ; warn, bid to be careful; — iii. inf. hi:'ii-, m>ihd:ara-t, fear from, be on one's guard against ((j^ min) ; be afraid Jest {J\ an) ; — v. inf. taha::iir, be on one's guard ; — VIII. inf. ihii:d,; id. ; shun, avoid (ace. or y^ 7nin). ;>i=» hip; /;o--fn-, caution ; distrust; — ha:ir, hazur, pi. -I'li, ika:dra, cautious, on one's guard. O^j"^ h>~>''>H'>>', very cautious. h)^ hi:riya-t, pi. ha:dra, hazdri, comb of a cock; also ^jA^^ /;/-- riya, rugged hill. (^j=.) /;(/,-((/, I, INF. hazf, take away, cut off, suppress ; cut off part of one's hair; throw, fling; move the shoulders and hips in walking ; bestow ; despatch (business, Ac.) ; (m.) adjourn, delay ; — ii. inf. tah:if, make, IH-epare ; — iii. inf. mi'ihd:afa-i, delay, adjourn (m.). ^As. 269 \. i=- hazio, Sj^ hizwat-a, opposite, vis-ri-vis. (iS-^) /^aza, I, inf. hazi/, burn the tongue. Vjas. huzijd, gift, present. (;=>) harr, for harir, a, inf. Iiardr, become or be free ; be born as a freeman, be of noble birth ; — for harir, harar, a, i, it, inf. harr, hurur, (lardra-t, be hot; be thirsty ; burn the tongue ; — u, INF. han-, make hot ; — i, INF. harr, make silk garments; II. INF. tahrir, examine mi- nutely ; verify ; compose care- fully ; write; adjust; — v. inf. taharrur, be set free, freed ; grow hot or hotter ; be carefully composed or written ; — x. inf. istahrdr, grow hotter ; be em- bittered. f=- har-in, see ^^f- hart; — harr, pi. htirnr, ahdrir, heat ; — An-, hirr, pudenda of a woman ; — hurr, pi. hirdr, ahrdr, free ; set free, freeman ; born free and noble ; virtuous, genuine, true, pure, good ; unmixed ; — 5 hira-i, pi. hirun, pudenda of a woman ; — harra-t, pi. harr, hirdr, harrut, aharrmi, stony volcanic tract of land ; thirst ; pain ; punishment ; — hirra-t, violent thirst ; — hurra-t, pi. hard'ir, free-born, noble lady ; the first night of the month ; freehold. \f' hard, i hardf, open place, court- yard ; nest ; lair ; crackling of a fire, flame. ^^f' hirdb, 6 hirdba-t, pi. hirdbdi, warfare ; pi. of i>/^ harla-t ; inf. III. of (s->;=»). ij^f- hardba, hardbiyy, pi. of W^ hirhd. iA>\/> hards, notch of the bow ; — \^ 270 Sf harrds, ploughman, peasant ; — hurras, pi. of 'i>jU Mris ; — » hirdsa-t, agriculture ; tilling of the ground. t^f- hard], selling out (s.) ; cry of a seller. •J^;=^ hirdd, pi. of aij^ harul. j\j!^ hirdr, pi. of f' hiirr and y^je- harrdn ; — i hardra-t, heat, warmth ; passionateness ; fa- naticism ; thirst. {j^\f^ htirrds, pi. of (j-j^ hdris ; — ' hirdsa-t, watch, guard. (jo\/=- hurras, pi. of ij^.f^ haris. {J>^f- harrdd, maker of potash, of mortar; — s hardda-t, love- sickness. W\j=. hardfa-t, piquancy, sharpness of taste, pungency of spices. ij~!J^j=> hardfis, pi. of i_f^y_;=- hurfvti. o\;=- hurdq, very salt ; — also hur- rdiq, tinder ; fiery horse ; maker of mischief ; — harrdq, incendi- ary ; fire-brand ; fire-ship ; — S hurdqa-t, hurrdqa-t, tinder ; — harrdiqa-t, id. ; fire-ship ; fire- place ; glowing ball, bomb ; (m.) blistering. (^^^) hardqim, reddish-brown. ijo^'Aj^ hardqis, pi. of ij'j'f^ hurqih. {^\f) hardm, unlawful, forbidden ; sacred ; pi. htmm, venerable, hallowed ; c (^.^ ibii hardm, son of a prostitute, bastard; — hirdm, (m.) woollen blanket; inf. hi. of (i*^) ; pi. of i^f- harma ; — (^ hardmiyy, pi. hardmiyya-t, robber; vagabond ; — hardma, pi. of iyf harma. (^f- hirdn, restiveness ; — harrdn, stony ground ; f . harra, pi. hirdr, thirsty ; strict. £^\^ hardiva-i, heat; piquancy; acidity. Vj^j=^ hardyd, pi. f. of (^f=- hariyy. f\f~ hardCir, pi. of iy^ hurra-t and y>f^ harir. (k_>jr:^) harah, u, inf. harb, harah, rob, plunder ; wage war ; sharpen ; — harib, a, inf. harab, be seized with anger, have a fit of rage ; be taken with hydro- phobia ; — II. INF. tahrib, pro- voke to anger ; irritate ; incite sharpen ; — iii. inf. hirdb, mu- hdraba-t, wage war against, fighi (acc-) ; — VI. INF. tahdrub, wage war against, fight one another ; — Tin. INF. ihtirdb, id. ; be robbed entirely ; — x. inf. istlhrdb, prepare for war. >T^;=» harb, f. and m., pi. hurilb. war, combat, battle ; a brave one ; enemy ; — harab, rage ; — harib, pi. harba, warlike ; en- raged ; — » harba-t, pi. hirdib, lance, spear, head of a spear ; bayonet ; pi. harabdt, Friday. W/> hirbd, f. i, pi. hardbiyy, cha- meleon ; — pi. hardba, sun- flower ; — hurabd' , pi. of "-t-Jf harib. (elf-) hurlnj, big. i.^.f' hirbiti, i hirbisa-t, hirribis, hirribi.f harib; — harbiyy, ' , warlike, hostile. (tnj^) harat, u, inf. hart, rub hard ; cut round ; — harit, a, INF. harat, be malicious, mis- chievous. {'^f-) haras, i, u, inf. hars, till and sow the ground ; gain, earn a fortune ; study carefully, especially the Koran; study law ; investigate into the truth ; poke the fire ; overwork and emaciate the camel ; marry four wives ; have frequent sexual intercourse ; make a notch to the bow ; — II. INF. tahris, make the oxen plough ; suffer ship- wreck ; — VIII. INF. ihtirds, gain a fortune. ^f ha rs, ^ agriculture, husbandry ; pi. hnrus, tilled ground ; high road ; — haris, lion ; — ^ harsiyy, » , referring to agriculture. (e^) harij, a, inf. haraj, be op- pressed, straitened ; be for- Sj^ 271 u^y^ bidden ; be kept aloof from the stallion ; be bewildered with fear ; commit a crime ; be dense ; — II. INF. tahr!j, straiten ; forbid, defend ; restrain one's self by a vow ; call to a public sale ; sell out, sell by auction ; (m.) molest by repeated demands or ques- tions ; set upon ; — IV. inf. ihrdj, straiten ; defend ; reduce to poverty ; compel ; — v. inf. taharruj, restrain one's self, abstain. Eje- hvrj, haraj, narrowness ; nar- rowed place ; anything for- bidden ; crime ; — hirj, pi. ahrdj, a small white shell worn as an amulet, &c. ; pi. hiraj, trap for game ; — haraj, bier ; litter ; — harij, narrow, strait- ened ; criminal ; — i hurja-t, small bucket ; — haraja-t, pi. Imraj, harajdf, hirdj, troojs of camels ; thicket. (i_4^js.) harjaf, pi. hardjif, cold wind ; blast of wind. (j9-/=-) harjal, inf. is, be long; complete a good j'^'^'t of any- thing ; run to and fro. (^j=») harjam, » , drive back to- wards each other ; — iii. inf. ihrinjdm, press one another. {Zf) harah, A, inf. harh, touch the pudenda of a woman. C;=> hirh, pi. ahrdh, pudenda of a woman ; — harih, given to forni- cation. if^f-) harhar, inf. » , burn the tongue (as spices). (j^) harad, i, inf. hard, pierce, bore through ; hinder, prevent ; intend, propose, be willing ; — INF. hurud, withdraw from one's people, I, also harid, a, inf. harad, be angry ; pout, be sulky, bear a grudge ; — li. INF. tahrid, provoke to anger ; irritate. •if- harad, anger, grudge, hatred ; — harid, bearing a grudge in soliiade (adj.). \j^ huradd', pi. of ^.f^ harid. (^^•if- liarddn, angry ; bearing a grudge. (j^j^ hirzavn, pi. hardzhi, Libyan lizard ; crocodile. {)f-) haraz, v, inf. hare, guard ; —-harm, a, inf. haraz, be cau- tious, on one's guard; be worth the while ; — harvz, inf. hard- za-i, be strong, fortified ; — ii. INF. tahriz, warn one to be on his guard, be very cautious in a mattter (ace.) ; — iv. inf. ihrdz, guard carefully ; secure ; be on one's guard ; serve as a refuge ; accumulate one's wages ; — V. INF. taharruz, guard against (y^ mill) ; protect one's self with the help of another ; — VIII. INF. ihtirdz, be on one's guard against ; — xv. inf. ihriiizd', be afraid ; be on one's guard. jjt^ harz, protection, guard ; — hirz, pi. ahrdz, caution, cautiousness ; protection, guard ; means of protection ; amulet ; strong- hold, castle, fortification, gar- risoned town ; — haraz, nut ; also 5 haraza-t, what is to be guarded carefully. (i3j;^) harzaq, inf. s , shut up, confine, straiten. (wy^) haras, u, i, inf. hars, guard, watch ; — r, inf. hars, steal from the pasture- ground ; — haris, A, INF. haras, live long ; — v. inf. taharrus, be on one's guard ; be well guarded or protected ; — VIII. INF. ihtirds, guard, protect, watch over ; be cau- tious, on one's guard ; steal by night. y-y^ hars, hirs, guard, watch, surveillance ; — hars, pi. ahrus, century ; opportunity, favour- able time ; du. al-harsan, day and night ; — haras, watchman ; body-guard, ]A. of (j»j^ haris ; — (^ harasiyy, pi. harasiyya-t, J^J^ 272 guardsman, satellite ; pi. body- guard. (\J^f^) haras, l. inf. hams, tahnU, hunt for lizards ; — inf. hars, ■wound with the claws ; — harii, A, INF. haras, be hard and rough to the touch; — ll. inf. tahrix, make rough ; set against one another; — in. inf. fiin'is, id.; — V. INF. taharnis, (m.) seek a quarrel, challenge, attack ; — ■ VIII. INF. ihtii-) harsaf, scales of a lish, a coat of mail, &c. ; a kind of thistle ; troop, crowd ; — hence : III. INF. ihriiisilf, be proue to anger, to evil. (i_/y^) haras, i, inf. hirs, crave for ; be covetous ; pass, be entirely grazed off ; — ii. inf. tahris, make eager, incite. ^JC^ hirs, greed, craving, eager- ness ; (m.) fruit-stone, pulp round the stone; — huruf, pi. of (jsj^ h'h'is, ag. of (ij=^). ^j=> hurasd', pi. of (j^.f^ harts. {,_^j^} haraij, i, inf. hard, ruin one's self; — i, r, inf. huriid, be emaciated by illness ; — harirf, a, INF. harai/, be low in body and mind ; not be able to rise on account of weakness ; — Iiarud, INF. hardda-f, be on the point of death ; pine away ; inf. hard- da-i, hiiriid, huvtida-t, bo low in the world, despised ; — ii. inf. tahrid, incite, instigate, encou- rage ; dye with saffron ; — iv. INF. ihrdd, make to pine away. ijo^ harad, bodily a:id moral ruin ;- — harid, sickly, pining away; pi. ahrdd, hurddn, hara- da-t, from whom one may neither fear nor hope any- thing ; — 6 hirda-t, emaciated ; sickly. (^j^) ' haraf, i, inf. harf, turn round; change ; carry on, traffic, gain, provide for one's people; ^INF. harfa-t, lay on collyrium ; pass, lose jjart of (^_^ f!) ; — ll. inf. tahrif, turn about, trans- pose ; alter, change, falsify ; move or bend a thing aside ; sharpen ; cut in an angle ; mend a reed pen ; — in. pass, h'n-if, have nothing to live upon ; — IV. INF. ihrdf, exert one's self for the sustenance of one's family ; grow wealthy ; over- drive, emaciate ; requite, re- ward, punish ;— V. ixf. fahan-uf, be changed, turned, transposed, falsified ; deviate ; be edged, angled; — vi. inf. fahdnif, exert one's self ; think of means ; use stratagem against (,^ 'ala) ; — VII. INF. inhirdf, decline, devi- ate, turn aside to the right or left ; make a roundabout way ; be changed, turned, transposed ; — VIII. INF. ihtirdf, carry on a trade ; — xii. ihrauraf, inf. ihrirdf, deviate altogether, lean to extremities. •-*/^ harf, watercourse, canal ; pi. hiraf, edge, border, extremity, end, point ; mountain-ridge ; edge of any cutting instrument ; angle, margin; lA. hiin'if, huri'i- fdt, ahruf, letter ; word ; particle (in grammar) ; lean camel; pi. ahrxf, dialect ; — hurf, cress ; calamity; — S hlrfa-t,'-p\. hiraf, trade, profession ; guild, corpo- ration ; industry; skill; strata- gem, expedient"; —also hurfa-t, misfortune, calamity ; — harfa-t, inf. of (^*;=-). LT^f hi-fis, pi. havdfis, viper. (u*V^)j II- tahi^if'^?, INF. taha)fus, contract (n.). J^ff- htn-fils, pi. hardfis, man of the lowest class. i^/^ harfiyy, 6, referring to a Jf- 273 ry^ particle ; literal ; — ii harfiyya-t, the state of being a particle ; — ^ hnrfiyy, seller of cress. ^f- haraq, i, inf. harq, kindle, ignite, burn ; — i, u, rub two things against each other ; gnash the teeth with rage ; file ; — hariq, A, inf. haraq, burn (n.), be burnt; fall out ; — II. INF. tahriq, burn (a.) by a large fire ; burn with anger ; make thirsty; — -iii. inf. mu- Mraqa-t, burn (a.) ; — iv. inf. ihrnq, kindle, burn (a.) ; — v. inf. taharruq, burn with anger, grief, &c. ; be burnt ; kindle, burn (a.) ; — viii. inf. ihtirdq, be kindled ; burn (n.), be con- sumed by the flames, &o. ; — ii hurqa-t, pi. huraq, flame, heat in the intestines. >^j=- hirqid, i harqada-t, root of the tongue ; larynx ; Adam's apple. {j^f) harqas, inf. » , take short steps ; talk very quick (m.) ; roast ; vex, enrage ; — • ii. inf. taharqus, bo roasted ; get en- raged ; be disquieted, agitated. ^j"- harqafa-t, pi. hardqif, hip ; hip-bone. i^y;=- hurqus, pi. hardqis, a sting- ing fly. 8yj=> harquiva-t^i'ij'j^ harqada-t. ^^f hurqa, pi. of (3ij=. hariq. (i£)_^) harak, v, inf. hark, refuse payment of a debt ; beat on the back ; — harik, a, inf. harak, be impotent ; — haruk, inf. hark, haraka-t, move (n. and a.), shake, stir up ; intrigue ; — ii. INF. tahrik, move (a.), put into motion ; excite ; instigate, en- courage ; put the vowel-points ; — V. INF. taharruk, move, stir (n.) ; be vocalised. <^f- harak, impotence ; — harik, mobile, nimble, active ; — S haraka-t, movement, motion ; gesture ; behaviour, bearing, proceeding ; insurrection, tu- mult ; short vowel. (ii-.r^) harkas, inf. S, move vio- lently. (ij^j^) harkai, inf. 6, move, stir up ; grub ; poke, rake (the fire). l^f. harkaka-t, pi. hanVcik, hip- bone. (lK;^) harkal, inf. » , walk pomp- ously ; return from hunting without a prey ; — » harkala-t, pedestrian. i^^f- harknsa-t, rebellion, insur- rection (m.). (fV°') haram, i, harim, a, inf. hirm, harim, hirma-t, harim, harima-t, harima-t, hirmdn, tui'n off, refuse, defend, forbid ; (m.) expel, banish, excommunicate, disinherit ; pass, hurim, be de- prived, robbed of (ace.) ; — haram, proclaim unlawful ; — harim, A, inf. haram, hardm, be unlawful, forbidden ; be sacred, inappraochable ; be invalid ; — INF. hirdin, be hot, rutting; — harum, inf. harm, haram, be unlawful ; — inf. harm, hurmn, id. ; be invalid ; — ii. inf. tahrim, proclaim unlawful, for- bid ; proclaim sacred and in- approachable ;— iv. INF. ihrdm, exclude, expel, excommunicate, anathematise; disinherit; refuse; enter on a holy month into the sacred precinct of Mecca and put on the garment of a pilgrim (^ihrdm) ; enter any inviolable place ; — V. INF. taharrum, be forbidden ; be proclaimed sacred or inapproachable ; be vene- rated ; abstain; be absorbed in prayer; — vil. inf. inhirdm, be banished, excluded, excommu- nicated ; be forbidden ; — viii. INF. ihtirdjn, honour, venerate ; be venerable ; — x. inf. istihrdm, rut. (•;c^ hirm, defence, prohibition, 35 (•/" 274 ) haran, u, harun, inf. hirdn, hurdn, stop suddenly in running ; rear and kick ; be restive ; — ■ haran, ask a moderate price in selling ; card cotton. jjye> harur, hot night- wind ; heat of the sun; /rurilr, heat; — i harura-t, piquancy, acidity ; heat; — hurilra-t, also Aj hurih riyya-t, freedom. tjt^f- huri'd, i huruda-t, sickness, inf. of (u°J=-). ^3^;=^ (lanlq, huriiq, pollen of the male palm-tree ; hoof ; — also harruq, and — \i^f. har-Oqd', tinder. >iijf- ha/ruk, nimble, mobile, agile. (^jf- harun, restive. ij;=- harwa-t, heat in the chest, &c. ; piquancy, acidity. is^f) hara, i, inf. hary, decrease ; — hari, A, INF. har-an, be worthy of (v* hi) ; — v. inf. taharri, do on purpose ; select the best, the most suitable, strive for; stay, abide. ijf^ hari (^ har-in), pi. ahrd\ worthy, suitable ; — hariyy, pi. ahriyd', f. hariyya-t, pi. hdrdyd, id. ; — har-an, har-a, court-yard; nest of an ostrich ; — harra, f . of t)^^ harrdn ; — 6 hariyya-t, liberty, freedom. ^rr^.f- har'ib, pi. harba, hurahd', robbed, plundered ; — i hariba-t, pi. hard'ib, robbed goods. ^.j^ hartsa-t, pi. hurd'is, gain; emaciated she-camel. •^.f harid, pi. hirdd, huradd', soli- tary, isolated ; pouting, bearing a grudge. f.f^ harir, pi. hard' is, silk, silk- ware ; f. S, hot-blooded, choleric; — ii harira-t, silk garment; — (^ haririyy, silk-merchant ; silk- like. jif=- hark, fortified, guarded, gar- risoned ; valued ; an antidote. (j~?j=» haris, 6 , watchful, vigilant ; — » harisa-t, sheep-fold; stolen sheep. ij^.f^ hari^, pi. huriU, rough to the touch ; rhinoceros ; a snake ; ear-wig. ^^/^ harts, S, pi. hiirrds, Ikurasd', eager, greedy ; covetous ; taken up with ; torn. ^.f harif, fellow, comrade ; partner ; adversary ; sly ; — ///;•)•//', sharp, piquant, hot (as spices). (Lsj^ hirifiyya-t, piquancy, acid- ity. (Jij=- harlq, pi. harqa, burning, burnt ; flame ; conflagration ; hell : nettle. <$J^ 275 rj' <^f- harik, lame in the hips; impotent. f^f' harim, pi. ahrdm, hurum, any- thing forbidden, sacred ; women ; apartments of women ; sanctuary; precinct ; pilgrim's cloak ; com- panion ; friend. (j^) hazz, tr, inf. hazz, cut, make incisions, carve ; — ii. inf. tahziz, id. ; sharpen ; — iii. inf. hizdz, muhdzza-t, investigate ; — V. INF. tahazzuz, get indented, have incisions made ; — viii. inf. ihtizdz^^l. j=- hazz, S hazza-t, pi. huzaz, incision, notch ; proper time. Oj=-) haza', A, inf. haz\ show in the air (mirage) ; — ii. inf. iSy^ tahzi'a-t, drive together ; lie with a woman. ^■f' haza! , 6 , wild anise seed ; — hazzd', soothsayer. j^y- hazzdr, who guesses easily. ';^f- hazdz, i hazdza-t, dandruff ; dry scab; lichen; — hazzdz, be- stirring one's self, active. (Sf- hizdm, S , pi. hiizm, belt, girth; swaddling bands ; — ii hizdnia-t, prudence and firm resolution. y^_p- hizdn, pi. of y)=> hazin, hazun ; — hizzdn, htizzdn, pi. of jjj=- haziz. (_s*\j=- hazdm, pi. of yVijc. hazndn. jj^jc^ hazdwir, i hazdwira-t, pi. of 'yj'" hazwara-t. )i}^f- hazdwir, pi. of 5;^;)=^ hizwdra-t. (s-')=^) hvzb, u, INF. hazb, happen unexpectedly, cause anxiety ; — II. INF. tahzib, assemble (a.) ; form a party ; divide into parts (especially the Koran into 60 chapters) ; — iii. inf. muhd- zaha-t, belong to one's party, make common cause with ; be assembled ; — v. inf. tahazzuh, gather in troops, confederate, form a league or party ; attack in troops. v'j'' hizb, pi. ahzdb, troop, number of men ; party, partisans ; con- federates ; sect ; part ; division of the Koran ; — huzb, pi. of vj^ hdzib ; — huzub, pi. of v_.>^=^ hazib. (yf-) hazar, u, i, inf. hazr, mahza- ra-t, estimate ; (m.) guess, sur- mise ; — INF. hazr, get sour ; frown ; — v. INF. tahazzur, try to guess; make suppositions, surmise ; — iv. inf. tahdzur, give to one another anything to guess at. yf- hazr, (m.) guess, conjecture, supposition ; — hazar, pea ; — » hazra-t, best part of a property. yf- hazaz, violence ; severity ; huzuz, pi. of y.y swathes haziz. (ji;=>) hasfar, inf. ii , fill ; tie up, strap ; get ready, prepare for battle. (i3>^) hazaq, i, inf. hazaq, fasten with strings ; twist firmly round ; strain, press ; break wind ; — iv. INF. ihrdq, hinder. Ojs» hizq, small pack-saddle ; — also » hizqa-t, pi. hizaq, crowd ; swarm ; troop ; — hazaq, ava- rice ; — htizuq, pi. of i^iy^ hazi- qa-t. (isJjt.) hazak, I, inf. hazlc, tie round ; fasten ; press, compress ; — VIII. INF. ihtizdk, gird one's self round the waist. (l«)=>) hazm, I, INF. hazm, tie together ; pack up ; make a bundle; gird; — hazim, a, inf. hazam, have the chest oppressed ; — hazum, inf. hazm, hazdma-t, hnzuma-t, be prudent and reso- lute; — IV. inf. ihzdm, gird; em- bale, make packets or bundles ; — V. INF. tahazzum, be girt ; gird one's self ; — vil. inf. inhizdm, be tied together, em- baled, packeted;^ — viii. inf. ihtizdm, gird one's self. (•jc- hazm, prudence and resolution ; caution; pi. huzum, rough ele- vated ground ; — htizm, pi. of (•\j=» hizdm ; h\zum and ^ huzamd', pi. of i^ij"- hazim : r:. Or- 276 UMfr. hiama-t, pi. huzam, bundle; armful; packet, parcel, bale; sheaf ; — hazama-f, pi. of i*ij^ hazim. (t))'-) hazan, v, inf. hiizn, grieve (a.); — haziii, A, INF. hazan, be grieved ; — ii. inf. tahzin, grieve (a.), sadden ; — iv. inf. ihzdn, id. ; — V. INF. tahazzun, grieve (n.), be sad ; — vi. inf. tahdzun, show or feign sadness, grief ; — VIII. inf. ihtizdn—Y. a)=- hazn, i , p). huzun, huzuna-t, rough elevated ground ; — hiizn, hazan, pi. ahzdn, sadness, grief; — hazin, hazun, pi. hizdn, hu- zand', sad, sorrowful, grieved ; — s huzna-t, pi. huzan, rugged mountains. '^■f huzand', pi. of yy^ hazin, hazun, and of yj^=- hazin. (i^y- hazndn, pi. hazdna, very sad. ,_s»y hazna, pi. of yjj=> hazin. (jj=-) hazd, V, inf. hazw, and v. INF. tahazzuiviv, tahazzi, predict, soothsay. ^^Sf" hizwdra-t, pi. hazdwh-, hillock. jpj^ hazwar, hazaivivar, pi. hazd- wira-t, doughty fellow ; — S haz- wara-t, pi. fiazdwir, hazdwira-t, hillock; — hazzura-t, riddle (m.). Jif AzfKilz, pi. oi y hazz. *^ir" huznma-t, prudence and reso- lution. ^jf- hvzihia-f, ruggedness. {iSj'^) haza, I, INF. hazy, stir up birds to take omen from their flight ; — II. INF. tahziya-t, id. ; estimate the produce of a palm- tree ; show the image of a person in the air (mirage) ; — IV. INF. ihzd', fear, be afraid of a person ; overcharge in selling ; be expert, know ; be near ; tower, rise. 'T^.)'=- hazib, pi. huzuh, difficult. fVj" hazirdn, month of July. jij^ haziz, pi. huzuz, ahizza-t, hizzdn, huzzdn, rugged place ; very active man. liiy^ /laziqa-t, pi. /laziq, hazd'iq, huzuq, orchard ; troop, crowd ; part, division. Aijc' hazim, pi. huzamd', prudent and resolute ; pi. huzum, ahzi- ma-t, breast, chest. fjij=^ hazin, pi. huzand', hazna, sor- rowful, grieved, sad. (ij-^) hass, V, INF. hass, freeze (a.) ; kill ; annihilate ; curry ; — I, INF. Aass, be moved with compassion ; — for hasis. A, inf. hass, hiss, id. ; feel ; have sensa- tion, perceive by the senses ; listen ; notice, know, under- stand ; know for certain ; (m.) awake (n.) ; — ii. hassas, hassa, INF. iahsis, perceive, feel ; cause to feel, make feel ; put meat on the coals ; awake (a.) ; — IV. INF. ihsds, feel, perceive, see ; hear a low sound ; know, think (believe) ; curry ; — v. INF. tahassus, listen to, be at- tentive ; try to obtain infor- mation ; — VII. be extracted, fall out, decay (teeth) ; — x. INF. have a sensation or per- ception. y-«=- hass, hiss, perception, sensa- tion ; instinct ; compassion ; low sound ; the currying of a horse ; (m.) voice ; — hiss, blast (by the frost) ; — hass-i, exclamation of pain ; — S hassa-t, hissa-t, sensa- tion ; state, condition. *~i^ hasd', soup, broth ; draught ; — pi. of ,_5~=> hisy. »_>\ — s^ hisdh, pi. hiishdn, account, calculation, arithmetic ; J*aJ^ c hisdb al-jummal, use of the letters as numerical signs ; ^^ fJl yanm al-hisdh. Day of Judg- ment ; ■ — hassdb, accountant, cal- culator, arithmetician ; — Missdb, pi. of s — '\=- hdsih ; — S hisdha-t, office of an accountant ; estima- tion, valuation. o\~=. Jiussdd, pi. of J^Ve^ lidsid, en- vious ; — S hasdda-t, envv. bare. pi. of j~^ hdsir, free. W^ffii. 277 ^j*\-~o. hassds, endowed with senses, sensitiveness ; living being ; cunning. &4U^ husdfa-t, ofEal, remains ; popu- lace ; hatred, rage. ^L.*- husdla-t, offal. (,L«a. husdm, sharp sword ; edge of a sword ; blade. y\~s. hisdn, pi. of ^~s. hasan, 2 , and of 0-«~-e. hastn ; — hnsdn, 5 , very beautiful. (v*.^=-) hasah, v, and (m.) a, inf. ^as6, hisdh, hisha-t, hisdha-t, his- hdn, husbdn, count, count to- gether, calculate ; — inp. hash, suffice ; — hasib, i, a, inf. hisbdn, mashaba-t, tnashiba-t, opine, sur- mise, think, consider ; — hasub, INF. hasah, hasdba-t, be esteemed ; be of a noble family ; — ii. inf. tahsib, satisfy, content ; place a cushion beneath a person ; — ii. INF. muMsaha-t, settle an ac- count with, ask an account from (ace.) ; — IV. INF. ihsdb, satisfy, content ; — v. inf. tahassuh, investigate into one's circum- stances ; lie down on a cushion ; — VI. INF. tahdsub, settle an account with one another ; — viir. INF. ihtisdb, take into ac- count ; calculate, count together ; estimate ; surmise ; think, be- lieve ; deem ; impute ; reckon upon. w-™.:^ hash, reckoning, counting (s.) ; what is sufficient, suffi- ciency ; lot, portion, share ; equivalent ; according to, with regard to ; — hasah, hash, pi. ahsdb, measure, quantity, amount, value ; honour, distinction ; merits or nobility of the ancestors ; pedigree ; paternal relations ; one's own merits and considera- tion ; good action; religion; riches ; heart, soul ; — i hisha-t, pi. hisah, account ; pay of wages ; divine requital ; hope for a re- ward ; office of overseer in the market {muhtasib) ; management of public affairs, administration; — husha-t, leprosy ; — hasaba-t, accountants, pi. of <— -•^' hdsih. W— =^ hiisabd\ pi. of s-^-^ hasib. oW— »- hisbdn, husbdn, pi. hishdiidt, husbdiidt, counting, reckoning (s.) ; supposition, surmise ; esteem_, estimation ; husbdn, coll. ; S , small arrows ; thunder- bolt ; punishment, affliction ; small cushion; — husbdn, pi. of v_>\ — =^ hisdh. ( J-f—^) hasbal, inf. S , utter the words <^\ U.^~^ hasbund alldh-u, God is what suffices us. 1.51— «^ hasahiyy, referring to no- bility. ((j~aa~^) hashas, inf. i , place meat on the coals ; complain of pain; — II. INF. tahashus, move to and fro (n.) ; fall out. (x~=.) hasad, i, u, inf. hasd, husud, hasdda-t, hasida-t, envy ; punish for envy ; — ii. inf. tahsid, envy ; — VI. inf. tahisud, envy one another ; — vii. inf. inhisdb, be seized with envy (m.). •i—^ hasad, envy, grudge ; ■ — husud, pi. of Jj — ^ hasud ; — hussad, i hasada-t, pi. of Jk~.U hdsid. (J.i--s^) hasdal, tick (insect) ; louse. {y~^) hasar, i, tr, inf. hasr, un- cover, lift the veil, bare ; peel, pare, shell ; sweep ; jade, fatigue; — INF. husur, be uncovered ; — I, INF. husur, get tired, fatigued, fall short ; — hasir, A, inf. hasar, hasra-t, be pained, anxious, sigh at (^Jsl 'ala) ; be fatigued, weary; — V. be fatigued, sigh for ( j* 'ala) ; — vii. inf. inhisdr, be uncovered, bared ; fall out ; — X. INF. istihsdr, be fatigued. ^~s- hasir, purblind ; — i hasra-t, pi. hasardt, sigh ; regret ; anxiety ; grief. (^\j~~s. husrdn, sighing. ^j~=» hasra, f. fatigued, weary ; pi. oi ji — =^ hasir. (i_a™4^) hasaf, I, INF. hasf, clean, Ud..>.£. 278 i_5'*'^ select ; drive ; pass quickly by ; — INF. hasf, hasif, rustle, I'attle (as a snake) ; — inf. hasf, husdf, mow, reap ; — hasif, bear a grudge against, treat roughly ; pass, be despised ; — ii. inf. tahsif, shave off the moustache ; — V. INF. tahassuf, hang loose and be dishevelled. (i«U»i.) hasik, a, inf. hasak, be angry with (,_s^ 'alaj ; eat, nibble ; — ii. inf. tahsik, save, put by ; choke with a fish- bone. uii~=- hasik, hostile ; — i hasaka-t, fish-bone ; beard of an ear ; prickles of a thistle ; thorn- bush. Ji>~>-=» liaskal, slaughter of young camels ; — hiskil, i , small young- animal ; trifle. (J — ^) liasal, u, INF. haal, despise ; grow mean ; leave the worst part ; drive violently. (^~'») hasam, i, inf. hasm, cut, cut oS ; lance and then cau- terise a vein ; cure by medicine ; prevent (2 ace.) ; subtract, de- duct. ((^— c) hasaii, V, hasun, inf. husn, be handsome, beautiful, seem good; — II. inf. tahsin, make or create handsome and good ; — III. inf. muhdsana-t, treat handsomely or well ; vie in beauty or goodness ; — iv. inf. ihsdn, act well or right ; do or say anything well or in a hand- some manner ; benefit ; give for a present ; be favourable ; em- bellish, adorn; be well versed in (aoc. or v» bi) ; — x. inf. istihsdn, find beautiful or good, approve of. ij~^ l}usn, pi. mafidsin, beauty ; goodness ; praiseworthy quali- ties ; skill ; prf*^ t liusn ta'bir, beautiful style ; jW^\ c husn ihtiydr, freedom of will; — hasan, f. hasana-t, /lasnd', beautiful, fair, elegant ; good, excellent (also (J — > y~=- hasan hasaii) ; high sand-hill ; — husaii, pi. of j_3j— I. husna; — S hasana-t, pi. hasandt, a fair one (f. of i^~^ hasan) ; pi. hasandt and hisdn, good action, benefit, bounty, alms; pi. Aa«a«t( ^ pious endow- ments ; — his/ia-t, pi. hisan, pro- jecting part of a mountain; — i^ husna, f. of y~=-\ ahsan, more beautiful, better ; al-husna, what is good, handsome, best ; benefi- cence ; fair treatment ; virtue ; Islam ; Paradise ; pi. husan, death of a martyr ; du. victory and death of a martyr ; — h hasaniyya-t, beauty. (}-~^) hasd, v, inf. hasw, drink, sip, lap ; — III. INF. muhdsdt, IV. INF. ihsd\ give to sip ; — v. INF. tahassi, sip ; — viii. inf. ihtisd' ^=111. and iv. j—^ hasw, pi. ahsuica-t, ahsiya-t, soup, broth ; — i haswa-t, huswa-t, pi. ahdsi, draught, gulp. Oj — =^ hasikl, pi. husiid, envious ; — husad, envy, inf. of (J — =^). C)~~ husuin, disastrous days or nights ; ciilauiity ; diligence ; ^j--^ hiisi'tm-an, consecutively. 0) — °" hassdn, goldfinch. (o~^) hasa, I, inf. hasy (also il. and VIII.), dig for water in saturated ground ; sip ; — hasi, A, INF. has-an (also viii.), try to find out another's intentions ; — II. INF. tahsiya-t, viii. inf. ihttsd', see i. ,.3—^ hisy, hasy, his-an, pi. hisd\ ahsd', flat saturated ground ; well ; — hasiyy, hissiyy, sensual ; perceiving or perceptible by the senses ; referring to the senses ; material. v--~^ fiasih, pi. /lusdbd', esteemed, valued ; avenger. yi~^ hasif, pi. fiasra, sad ; weary ; fatigued; sighing; purblind. u~«-~^ hash, slight noise, low sound. (J""^ 279 "S^ts—a- hasika-t, grudge, inveterate hatred ; hedge-hog ; oats. Js— =» hasil, f. S , calf ; pi. husul, offal, remains; — hnsail, little lizard. (;)-—=" hasln, pi. hisihi, beautiful ; — husain, dim. of (;>-~=- hasan, beautiful ; proper name. (lA^) hass, TJ, INF. /icds, light, kindle ; get dry, wither ; run fast ; mow ; feed on hay ; pro- mote one's wealth ; increase one's fortune ; give to (ace) ; — look out for grass or hay, mow. (ji^ hass, hiss, hiiss, pi. -U7i, hustis, garden ; privy, sewer ; — hass, pi. hissdn, garden ; fire ; — hiss, something, anything ; — S hn.(sa-t, pi. husas, cupola, dome. (VAs.) has'a', a, inf. has', strike on the belly, in the sides ; injure interior parts ; lie with ; kindle, light. ^-i>=> hasd', pi. of ^fr-i^ has'iyya-t ; — has-an, pi. aMd', intestines, bowels, heart. jSili^ hisds, fodder-bag ; — husds, » husd''a-t, last spark of life, last breath, throb ; — hass'ds, pi. • an, mower, seller of hay ; smoker or seller of i^a^is. tjUijs. hisdf, pi. of da-is> hasafa-t. (^\-i^ hisdn, pi. of (ji^ hass, huss. ijlAe. haMyd, pi. of is-^^ hasiyya-t. i_jAjUJue. hasd'isiyy, seller of hay ; gatherer of herbs, botanist. ((ji-as-**") haShas, inf. » , set out, depart ; — • ii. inf. tahashuS, id. ; disperse (n.). (a^^) ha^ad, i, inf. hasd, gather, assemble (a.) ; come forth in its entirety (seed) ; espouse one's party, defend ; (m.) be partial ; — v. inf. tahassud, assemble for help ; — vi. inf. tahdsud, assemble to help one another ; act in common against an enemy; — viii. inf. ihtisdd= V. ; be ready for help ; — x. inf. ietihidd, assemble (n.). has'ad, p] . husud, troop ; — haiSid, ready for help. (r^) hasar, v, i, inf. has'r, as- semble, unite ; raise for the last judgment; expel, banish; destroy ; work out elaborately ; (m.) press, compress, pile or heap up (also v.) ; intermeddle, intrigue ; pass, be dead ; — v. INF. tahassur, see i. yi^ ha.sr, pi. hnSr, assembly, crowd, throng (jJ\ f,y. yaum al-hasr. Day of Judgment) ; the public treasury, fisc ; exile, banish- ment ; sharp ; — is has'ara-t, pi. hasar, husk; cliaff ; — ha.-a-i-=. hasf, dry bread ; — hasaf, bad pulpless dates ; — 5 hasafa-t, pi. -at, ha^af, hi-sdf, rock; cliff; ulcer in the throat ; stubble ; gland of the penis. (uiU^) hasah, i, inf, husk, collect the milk in the udder ; leave the camels unmilked ; abound in water; bear plenty of fruit; (m.) fill up ; — II. INF. tahhis, fill up, stuff ; — VIII. INF. ihtisdh, be full of milk ; be filled up, stuffed. c£\i=^ hasah, plenty of milk in the udder. (J.Ji.=^) hasal, INF. hasl, despise, contemn. (^it^) hasam, u, i, inf. hasin, tell unpleasant things ; — i, put to shame ; — hafmi, a, inf. hasam, grow irritated, angry ; become j» hasdt, pi. ,_s«j=^ hasan, hasa, hasaydt, husiyy, pebble ; cal- culus in the bladder ; particle ; intelligence. (s— o=-) hasab, v, I, inp. hash, strew with pebbles or gravel ; pelt with pebbles ; pelt, throw at ; set out on a journey, travel about ; turn away, leave in the lurch ; — hasib, a, inf. hasab, have the small-pox ; (m.) suffer from typhus ; pass. id. ; — ii. INF. tahsib, strew with gravel ; — IV. INF. ihsdb, raise gravel ; turn aside, leave in the lurch. s-.a=- hasab, pebble, stone ; small wood fuel; — hasib, abounding in pebbles or gravel ; — ii hasba-t, gravel; hasaba-t, a pebble-stone; hasba-t, hasaba-t, hasiba-t, small- pox ; measles ; (m.) typhus ; pi. -at, marks of small-pox, &c. (yoa-o:.) hashas, inf. » , come to light, become public, evident. (.Xcs.) hasad, u, i, inf. hasd, hasad, hisdd, mow, reap ; die ; (also il. inf. tahsid) twist firmly ; — hasid, A, INF. hasad, be firmly twisted, strongly made; — iv. inf. ihsdd, be ripe for harvest ; — viii. inf. ihtisdd, mow, reap ; — x. inf. istihsdd^^iv ; be firmly twisted, strongly made. •>"K^ hasd, mowing, reaping (s.) ; — hasad, mown corn ; — hasid, firmly twisted, strongly made ; — 6 hasada-t, pi. of jusW.' hdsid, who reaps. \xcs. hasdd', strong coat of mail. (j-as.') hasar, v, i, inf. hasr, press, oppress ; shut in, besiege, blockade ; restrain, restrict ; surround ; prevent ; take and keep the whole ; put the saddle- cushion on the camel's back ; — hasir, a, inf. hasar, have the heart oppressed ; be avaricious ; keep strict secrecy ; speak with great difficulty ; pass, husir, inf. husr, suffer from strangury or constipation ; — iii. inf. hisdr, muhdsara-t, besiege ; blockade ; — IV. ihsdr, drive into a corner ; cause anxiety ; prevent, hinder ; pass, suffer from strangury or constipation ; — vii. inf. in- hisdr, be driven into a corner, besieged, blockaded ; be strait- ened, feel a natural want ; (m.) live in solitude. j«>=- husr, strangury, constipation ; — hasar, anxiety ; oppression of the heart ; impediment of speech ; melancholy of solitary life ; restriction ; avarice ; — hasir, having the heart op- pressed ; confounded ; ava- ricious ; keeping strict secrecy ; — husur, pi. oi }f^ hasir. ((•j-=>) hasrani, inf. S , draw the bow strongly ; twist tightly ; mend a pen. f»y^ hisrim, » , green sour fruit, especially grapes ; their juice ; — 2 hasrama-t, avarice ; — h. hisrimiyya-t, dish of unripe dates. ys^s- hasas, thinness of the hair ; — hisas, pi. of A.a=» hissa-t. (<_a*E>) hasaf, u, inf. hasf, remove to a great distance (a.) ; — hasif, A, INF. hasaf, be aflicted with dry scab ; — hasuf, inf. hasaf a-t, have a sound judgment and a strong mind ; — iv. inf. ihsdf, remove far (a.) ; establish well and solidly ; twist tightly ; run fast ; — X. INF. istihsdf, be esta- blished well and solidly. ( J-i.) hasal. A, INF. husul, mahsUl, result, remain ; appear ; happen, take place ; be produced ; reach ; cash a sum or debt ; draw an advantage, obtain ; — hasil, A, INF. hasal, swallow earth or gravel and have the gripes therefrom ; have calculus in the bladder ; — ii. inf. tahsil, 36 J- 282 U^ cause to result ; obtain ; acquire ; (m.) reach at last and with difficulty ; select ; have unripe dates ; resume, recapitulate ; — V. INF. tahassul, result ; get realised ; take place ; be ob- tained ; be paid in. Jos' husl, unripe dates; — hasal, partition between two rooms. (,*-=.) hasam, i, inf. hasm, break wind ; — vii, inf. iahlsdm, get broken. ((:)-=') hasan, hasun, be strong by nature or fortified by art ; — hasun, inf. hasn, hisn, husn, keep at home and be chaste ; — II. INF. tahsin, fortify ; wall in ; entrench ; — iv. inf. ihsan, id. ; keep the wife at home ; keep at home and be chaste ; — V. INF. tahassun, protect one's self by fortifications ; entrench one's self, retire to a fortress ; lead a chaste life. yoc hisn, pi. hus I'ln, hisana-f, ahsdn, stronghold, fortress, entrench- ment ; (gJ\ jj\ aiu 1-hisn, fox) ; armour ; weapons ; destruction, annihilation ; — him, husn, chas- tity ; — husun, pi. of y^^s^ husdn and hisihi. ^-s-c' hasnd', chaste woman. (yo^) hasd, V, INF. hasw, prevent, hinder. jyas. husih; asthmatic; having the heart oppressed ; avaricious ; chaste ; castrated ; timid ; who always sits at home ; al-husur, St. John Baptist. Jj.ac hus ill, happening of an event; taking place of a thing ; realisa- tion. ((_jo=-) hasa, I, INF. hasy, pelt with pebbles; — hasi, a., inf. has-an, make an impression, leave a mark; designate ; abound in pebbles ; pass, suffer from cal- culus ; — IV. INF. i/isd', count, count up ; impress on the memory ; know ; write, narrate ; put into order. tj«==- hasan, number ; gravel, small pebbles ; calculus, gravel of the kidneys (noun of unity »^-^ hasdt) ; — hasiyy, very prudent ; — husiyy and — cyU^is. hasaydt, pi. of »^-i=' hasdt. •i-i^^ hasal, mown off, reaped ; de- stroyed ; firmly twisted, strongly made; — » hasida-t, pi. hasd'id, moth ; harvest, crops ; stalks of reaped corn. ^~«-=' hasm, i, well fortified; for- tress; strongly made; ' haf7- na-t, armour; — husain, little castle; jJ\ ^^ ahi'i 'l-husain, fox. iu^^) ^f^dd, u, INF. hadd, hudd, hiddida, huddida, stimulate, spur on, investigate, incite ; — ii. inf. fahdid, make eager; — iii. inf. mvhddda-t, id.; — vi. inf. tahddd, stimulate one another. (ji=> hadd, stimulation. (U=.) hada', A, inf. had', kindle, light ; poke the fire ; burn (n.) ; — VIII. INF. ihtidd', poke the fire. jUs» haddr-i, make haste ! look sharp ! come ! — hiddr, running of a horse ; — - huddr, rheuma- tism ; — hiidddr, pi. of yJ>'^ hddif, present, A:c. ; — » haddm-t, hiddra-t, place with settled in- habitants; INF. of (j-^). /aTf/((Ci»i(r-/, natives of Hadra- maut. -i& hiddn, brooding, hatching (s.) ; — 5 hiddna-t, id. ; embrace, caress ; nursing and bringing up of children. &/«jl u^ 283 CHe- \jU=. haddyd, pi. of h-i^ hadiyya-t. ('■I ■■ ^ ) hadab, i, inf. Aao(6, make a fire blaze, put on wood ; fall down ; catch. s-»==> Airfft, hudh, pi. ahddb, whizzing of the bow-string. (g^=-) hadaj, u, inf. Aarf/, kindle ; beat ; stamp ; dip into water ; run ; replenish. (^^s-i=-) hadjar, inf. i , fill. (j,i=.) hadar, v, inf. hudilr, be present ; come into the presence of ; remove from (n. (^ '«») ; fetch or bring ; occupy ; damage, injure ; — inf. hudr, stepping high in running ; — hadir, A, INF. haddra-t, be present, in the presence of ; appear before ; assist at an assembly, &c. ; happen ; be ready ; — ii. inf. tahdir, lead up, bring ; cause to come, call or send for ; bring ; place ready ; prepare and present ; — iii. inf. muhd- dara-t, be present ; present one's self ; have a ready an- swer ; converse with ; vie in running ; plead a cause ; scourge, whip, beat ; dispute for a thing and carry it off ; — iv. inf. ihddr— II. ; run fast; trot; — V. inf. tahaddur, be present ; present one's self ; keep ready ; — VIII. INF. ihtiddr^^Y. ; assist at ; pre-occupy ; come to a place with settled inhabitants ; pass. iihtudir, be approached by death ; — X. INF. isiihddr, wish for one's presence ; represent ; represent to one's self as present ; repre- sent to one's self, call back to memory, remember ; imagine to be in the presence of God ; come into the presence of God ; urge on to run. ;^=» hadr, place with settled in- habitants ; habitation, house, vestibule of the house ; staying at home ; — hudr, running with highly raised feet ; race ; — hadar, presence ; permanently inhabited place ; — hadir, fixed, settled ; — hadur, eloquent ; learned in law ; — hudur, unin- vited guest, intruder ; — huddur, pi. of ^W hadir, present, &c. ; — S hadra-t, presence ; place with settled inhabitants ; residence ; title of honour • Majesty, High- ness, Excellency, Eminence ; — hidra-t, hudra-t, hadara-t, pre- sence ; — hadara-t, pi. of ;-W. hadir, present, ready, &c. («_>/==-) hadrab, inf. 6 , strain the bow-string ; twist tightly. ((V^) hadrani, inf. » , have a faulty pronunciation ; strain the bow ; peel. e^^j-ao. hadraniaut, hadrami'd, Had- ramaut. ^_^y<^ hadramiyy, pi. haddrima-t, native of Hadramaut ; — S had- ramiyya-t, long-pointed shoe ; faulty pronunciation. fj^-ic^ hadriyy, hadariyy, settled, domiciled ; inhabitant of a town. ^^■i^ ^ ma hadad, nothing what- ever ; — hudud, pi. of i/'-yi^ hadid. (J-jB.) hadal. A, inf. hadal, be rotten at the place where the branches shoot. ((^j-se^) hadan, u, inf. hadn, hiddn, hiddna-t, hudun, brood, hatch ; — INF. hadn, hiddna-t, embrace, take into, carry in one's arms ; bring up ; — inf. hudn, hiddna-t, embrace, take into, carry in one's arms ; bring up ; — inf. hadn, refuse a service to a neighbour ; — inf. hiddn, have one breast or udder larger than the other ; — vi. inf. tahddun, embrace each other ; — viii. INF. ihtiddn, embrace ; press to one's bosom ; carry in arms ; bring up. y.i=- hidn, pi. hudun, ahddn, bosom ; pi. ahddn, side; also hudn, foot of a mountain. 284 (t^) ho-i^U ^, INF. hadw, stir up the fire. j^«s. huMr, presence ; appearance, approach ; waiting, attendance, ceremonious call ; royal presence, court, government ; quietude, tranquility of mind, ease ; pi. of yi\c^ hddir, present, ready, &c. ; — 15 huduriyy, waiter (m.). »;*'^=" hadira-t, pi. hadir, hadd'ir, small body of men for a sudden attack ; vanguard. tj4«'^=- hadid, pi. ahidda-t, hudud, the lowest part ; basement ; foot of a mountain ; aphelion, apogee ; precipice. &*-=c- hadiyya-t, pi. haddyd, favou- rite. (tc^) hatt, V, INF. hatt, put, place, lay down ; remit ; abate ; depose, degrade, humiliate ; despise ; descend, alight ; — inf. hatt, fall, go down (price) ; polish and mark leather ; — vii. inf. inhitdt, be put, taken, let down ; descend, alight ; fall ; be de- posed, degraded, humbled ; humble one's self ; decrease ; — VIII. INF. ihtUdt = i. ; — X. inf. istihtdt, wish for an abate- ment ; deserve abatement. ^ hatt, putting down (s.) ; depo- sition, degradation ; slope, de- clivity ; falling of the prices ; cheapness of corn ; — ii Mtta-t, remission ; month of Ramadan. (Um-) hat a', A, INF. hat', throw to the ground ; beat with the palm of the hand on the back ; beat ; lie with ; throw ; throw up foam or scum ; bring one round from his opinion ; — a, i, ease the bowels. *_jUs=. haftdh, pi. hattdha-t, wood- cutter ; seller of fuel. (♦Ua::^ hut din, 6 , anything dry or crumbling (W*-^^ C hut dm ad- dunyd, perishable goods of the world) ; dry fruit ; household furniture; S hufihna-t, morsel, crumb ; — al-hattdm, lion. (s- 1=-) hatab, i, inf. hath, abound in wood ; cut or look for wood ; help ; calumniate ; — ii. inf. tahtib, VIII. inf. ihtitdb, look for wood ; gather firing. w-l=- hatab, pi. ahtdb, wood for burning, fuel ; — hatib, lank. U=. hatbd', f. of ^,-«S==-\ ahtab, very thin, miserable. (LaJ=^) hathat, INF. i , let one's self down ; descend ; hasten. (jL^) hatar, u, inf. hatr, lie with ; put a string to cr draw the Idow; pass, be thrown on the ground. (JL=.) hiti, pi. ahtal, wolf. (^Jrc) hat am, i, inf. hatm, break (a.) ; weaken ; make digestible ; — hatim. A, inf. ; hatam, be broken with old age ; — ii. inf. tahthn, break to pieces; — v. inf. tahattum, vii. inf. inhitdm, get broken ; break, crumble (n.). ^J=» hatim, broken with old age ; — hutam, cruel; — hutiim, pi. of i»^ hatum ; — S hatma-t, dry- ness, aridity, drought; — hitma-t, pi. hitam, morsel, crumb ; — hutama-f, hell-fire ; glutton ; cruel herdsman. (;*!=-) hatmar, inf. » , till ; draw the bow. (y==>) hatd, V, INF. hafu; shake. ii^ hutfiba-t, armful of wood. tjSa^ hatiif, steep, precipitous ; low ; swift, fleet ; — huttd, abate- ment of price. ^ijas. hatum, pi. hutum, breaker ; lion. >■. ■■^s r hat lb, i, abounding in wood; — S hatiba-f, wood, forest. W=^ hat it, dwarf ; — S hatita-t, abatement of price. (1=:^) ha::, obtain one's wish ; have luck; receive one's share; — IV. INF. ih:d:, id.; — vii. inf. /H/n'ri?;, have luck ; obtain one's wish. 285 Uo !=»■ hazz, pi. ahwzz, huzuz, hizdz, hizzd' , huzz, huzvza-t, ahdzz, share, portion, lot ; luck, good fortune, enjoyment, pleasure ; — hazz, lucky, fortunate, happy; — 3 hiza-t, enjoyment of good fortune, of consideration. Uia- hiza', pi. of 8^!==^ hizwa-t, haz- wa-t; — hizzcV, and ^U==> hiznz, pi. of tie. hazz ; — i hazdt, louse. UUae. hazdyd, pi. of ^^ haziyya-t. ('.. ' ^ ) hazdb, I, INF. huzub ; — hazib, A, INF. hazah, be fat ; have the belly full.' (j!i=.) hazar, u, inf. hazr, prevent, hinder, prohibit ; render inac- cessible ; surround with a wall ; make a fold ; enclose cattle in a fold ; take all for one's self ; — VIII. ihfizdr, make a fold. ^ hazr, defence, forbidding. (v,jjL^) hazrab, inf. S , strain the bow ; fill and extend. (^y^) hazal, V, I, INF. hazl, hizldn, hazaldn, hinder in spending money, in freedom of motion ; — INF. hazaldn, walk with short abrupt steps, like a man in anger. ylUoa. hizldn, thrift, domestic economy. (^5=.) hazd, u, INF. hazw, go a slow pace ; — 1_^ hazi, a, inf. haz- wa-t, hizwa-t, hiza-t, enjoy the consideration of the husband, the prince ; obtain ; be fa- voured with ; — IV. INF. ihzd', cause to obtain ; favour, prefer ; — VIII. INF. ihtizd', enjoy con- sideration and favour ; — 5 Mz- wa-t, hwzwa-t, pi. ,_^ hizan, ^^ hizd', share of luck ; abundance ; consideration, honour, favour ; — hazwa-t, huzwa-t, pi. hizd', ham- ivdt, small arrow for gaming. Jjt=. haz4l, thrifty, economical. (^^) see (^). Ji^ hazan, ]}aza, noun of unity SUa:^ hazdt, louse ; — hizan, share of luck ; pi. of S^ hizwa-t ; — haziyy, S, honoured, esteemed, considered ; name of the eighth horse in a race ; — » haziyya-t, pi. hazdyd, concubine of a married man ; share, lot ; — huzayya-t, pi. -dt, small gaming- arrow. L!i=. huzayyd, slow pace. 't*^ hazira-t, pi. hazd'ir, fold for cattle ; wall for protection ; fence ; (j«^\ c hazlrat al-quds. Paradise. M"' haziz, who obtains his wish or share ; fortunate. (i_a=^) haff, I, INF. hufilf, be dis- hevelled ; bear dry herbs ; vanish entirely ; — u, inf. haff, shave ; — l, inf. haff, hifdf, clean the face from hair, pluck out the hail' ; shave ; (m.) rub or scrape off, erase ; — inf. haff, turn around, surround from all sides ; enclose, encompass, cover ; — I, INF. hafif, rumble (bowels) ; snort ; hiss (snake) ; — ii. inf. tahflf, surround, enclose, cover ; beat, fall ; — iv. inf. ihfdf, id. ; — VIII. INF. ihtifdf, pull out the hair ; pluck herbs ; surround from all sides ; turn around ; cover, wrap up ; be surrounded. <-i=. ^a^, loom ; trace; — » haffa-t, edge, border, rim, side ; wall of support to terraces, &c. ; loom. (Uc) hafa'. A, INF. haf, throw on the ground. U=. hafa', papyrus ; its fresh root ; — haf-an,^^i^ hafdi', going bare- foot (s.), INF. of ((_s^) ; — * hufdt, pi. of iji^ hdfi, bare-foot, &c. i*j\i=. huffds, a harmless snake. jW. haffdr, digger. &*\i=^ hufdsa-t, collection. k\i^ -hifdz, protection ; sentiment of honour ; — huffdz, pi. of ^^^ l^dfiz, watcher, &c. ; — ' hifdza-t, careful guard ; memory. ,_*Vac hifdf, pi. ahiffa-t, curling lock on the top of a bald head ; side ; Uc. 286 U=. trace ; inf. of ('-J^} ; — * hufdfa-t, stubble. 'j^ hafdwa-t, hifchra-t, and — ijW hifdya-t, molestation by questioning ; joyful reception ; courtesy ; inf. of (^=^). (uuvfii.) hafat, V, INF. haft, anni- hilate, destroy ; pound, grind ; thrash, flog. c:-~i=- hafit, and — (e-i=^) hifs, hafis, i hafisa-t, pi. afhds, tripe, guts ; belly ; a large snake. (i_Aa^) hafhaf, inf. 6 , have little to live upon ; produce the sound of a revolving top, purr, buzz. (jiit^) hafad, i, inf. hafd, hafaddn, be active and nimble in one's work ; speed ; — iv. inf. ihfdd, urge to haste, hasten ; — viii. INF. iMifdd:=i. Jia=. hafad, (j\>in:^ hafaddn, a pace of the horse ; — hafad and » hafada-t, daughters, sons, grand- children, sons-in-law, nephews, &.C., pi. of ^iW hdfid and •^t^^ haftd. ^j^M^ hafadlas, black woman ; melancholy. (^) hafar, i, inf. hafr, dig, dig out, hollow ; dig or clean a well ; investigate ; lie with ; emaciate by milking frequently; — also hafir. A, inf. hafar, and pass, hufir, have decayed teeth ; lose the milk teeth ; — iv. inf. ihfdr, help another to dig a well (2 ace.) ; lose the milk- teeth ; — viii. inf. ihtifir, dig, dig out; — X. INF. istihfih-, be willing to dig ; be time for digging. f=^ hafr, digging (s.) ; — also i hafara-t, pi. (i/ifir, ahdfir, spa- cious well ; ditch, pit ; dug out ground ; — hafar, deeayedness of the teeth; — I hufra-t, pi. hnfar, ditch, jjit, hole, cave ; grave. 0*^) hofo^^t i> INF. hafz, push away from behind ; hurry a person and thereby cause him to desist from a thing; follow immedi- ately ; pierce ; lie with ; — v. INF. tahaffm, viii. inf. ihtifdz, keep ready to leap, be watchful, vigilant, attentive ; devote care and zeal to (s-" 60- va& hafaz, end, limit. ((j~is.) hafis, I, INF. hafas, eat. ((ji.a=.) hafas, I, INF. hafs, gather, grasp ; assemble (n.) ; come or stream together; carry off the ground ; remove with a shovel ; peel ; extract ; draw ; expel, banish ; run again immediately after running ; devote zeal to {^ fi) ; — hafis, A, inf. hafas, show love to the husband; be consumed by an ulcer ; rain abundantly. iji^^ hifs, pi. ahfdx, rubbish, rags, lumber, old bottles, &c. ; tent ; little house ; case, box, trunk, chest. ((ja^=^) hafas, I, INF. hafs, collect, gather (a.) ; throw away ; drop. (jaa=> hafs, pi. ahfds, hufus, leathern bag for earth ; whelp of a lion ; — 6 hafsa-t, hyena; c (^ umni hafsa-t, hen. ((jois.) hafad, v, inf. hafd, bend, crook ; throw away ; let fall, drop ; — II. INF. iahf'td, id. ; allow another to get behind one. yii^ hafad, pi. hifdd, ahfdd, house- hold furniture ready for re- moval ; camel to carry it ; tent ; tent-pole. gUific hifddj, g-=^ hufddij, fat and flabby.' (jr^is-), pass, hafdij, INF. i kafdaja-t, grow fat ; — hifdij, fat and flabby. (yi.) hafi;, a, inf. hif^, guard, preserve, preserve from ; tend (cattle) ; learn or know by heart; (m.) reserve the abso- lution from a sin (bishop) ; — II. INF. iahf!:, make to learn by heart ('2 ace.) ; — iii. inf. hifdz, muhdfaza-t, defend one's own, Lie. 287 cs^ protect ; be a guardian ; give careful attendance ; observe and fulfil a duty ; — iv. inf. ihfdz, provoke to anger ; — v. inf. tahaffuz, he on one's guard ; be watchful ; observe ; keep care- fullj, be sparing with ; — viii. INF. ihtifdz, watch over, guard, preserve ; observe ; burn with anger; — x. inf. istihfi'iz, require one to learn by heart or keep in remembrance (2 ace). tie- hifz, guard, preservation ; vigi- lance ; caution ; careful watch ; observance ; memory ; — » hif- za-t, zeal in defending ; anger ; — hafaza-t, guardians, garrison, pi. of SiiU. hdfiz. (J^) l^afal, I, inf. hafl, hufill, hafil, gather, assemble (n.) ; rain violently ; flow or stream in abundance ; collect (a.) ; smooth, polish ; be afraid ; give care and attention ; — ii. inf. tahfil, collect, gather (a.) ; adorn ; — • V. INF. tahafful, gather in large numbers (n.) ; adorn one's self, get adorned ; — viii. inf. ihtifdl, collect, gather (n.) ; stream in fulness ; hurry up from all sides ; throng ; receive with pomp, show or give attention ; care for ; show itself distinctly. Ji=- hafl, numerous, plentiful ; crowd, large assembly ; zeal ; — huffal, pi. of Ji^ hdfil, quite full ; — ii hafla-t, all, everything ; diligence, zeal ; — hufla-t, general assembly ; council. (gJiib^) haflaj, who moves his body in walking ; — hafallaj, pi. hafd- lij, young camel. (ijliL) haflaq, hafallaq, enervated, weak, stupid. ((1)^=') hafan, v, inf. hafn, take a handful ; give little ; — viii. INF. ihtifdn, take for one's self ; eradicate, uproot ; carry a child by its knees ; — i hafna-t, hiif- na-t, pi. hufan, handful; hollow of the hand ; small gift. (sr^) hafannaj, small, short. (^) hafd, u, INF. hafw, make a present, or, by opposition, turn ofi without a gift ; be benevo- lent to ; render honoured or esteemed ; Ireep < me aloof from all that is good ; shave off the moustache ; — ,_3a=- hafl, a, inf. haf-wn, go bare-foot ; be foot- sore ; — INF. hafdica-i, hifdwa-t, hifdya-t, tahfuya-t (also v. and VIII.), receive with great joy and courteous inquiries ; inquire repeatedly for (y.c 'an) ; — iii. INF. muhdfdf, dispute, quarrel with (ace.) ; — IV. inf. ihfu', allow one to go bare-foot, to get foot-sore ; inquire repeatedly for (ace.) ; molest, imjiortune ; shave off the moustache ; — v. INF. tahaffi, see i. ; rejoice; give attention (also viii.) ; put on stockings and shoes ; lose the shoes (horse) ; go bare-foot ; — VIII. INF. ihtifd', see i. and v. ; — i hafu-a-t, hifwa-t, going bare- foot (s.). \jB^ hufawd' , pi. of ,_3i=> hafiyy. i-i^ hufi'if, INF. of {yi^) ; poverty. Jjis. hafill, abounding in milk ; — hufi'il, plenty, fulness, abun- dance, wealth ; INF. of (J^). (J^) see (y^). ^^ hafi, foot- or hoof-sore ; — hafiyy, pi. hufawd', well-in- structed ; receiving joyfully, benevolent, compassionate ; — i hifya-t='if-=- hafwa-t. •is*^ hafid, pi. Imfada-t, grand- son. y^ ha-fir, i hafira-t, pi. hafd'ir, pit,_ cavity ; — i hufaira-t, small cavity. ^if^ hafiz, watcher, guardian ; ad- ministrator, manager ; governor ; God ; who knows by heart (par- ticularly the Koran) ; — i hafha-t, pi. hafd'iz, zeal in defending; anger. hafif, INF. of (<-fl^) ; noise, sound. o*- 288 J«a=. haftl, zealous, diligent, in- dustrious ; numerous; — » hafi- la-t, troop ; totality. (i3^) haqq, u, I, INP. haqq, haqqa-t, be unavoidable, happen un- doubtedly ; be real, a fact ; be true, right, just ; be a duty ; befit, be worthy of ; be incum- bent upon ; have a right to ; fall due ; — tj, put down as true ( ir real ; know for certain ; impose as a duty, render indis- pensable; fulfil one's duty; act rightly ; keep the middle of the road ; hit on the middle of the head ; visit, meet ; get the better of an adversary in a law- suit; — II. INF. tahqiq, act according to truth and right ; verify ; con- firm ; prove by argument ; deem true, believe ; impose as a neces- sity or duty ; help another to the obtainment of his wish ; — III. INP. muhdqqa-t, hiqdq, con- tend for a right ; dispute a thing with another ; — iv. inf. ihqdq, get the better of an adversary in a law-suit ; impose as a necessity or duty ; deem necessary, consider worthy; make clear ; hit upon ; hit the game so as to kill it ; — v. inf. tahaqquq, learn or know for a certainty ; prove true, be doubtless ; appear true ; assure one's self of a thing; — VI. inf. tahdqvq, con- tend for a right ; — vii. inp. inhiquq, be firmly tied ; — viil. inp. Miqdq, have a law-suit against each other ; hit so as to kill ; get emaciated ; — x. INP. istihqdq, be worthy of, de- serve ; deem necessary, consider worthy ; fall due. 1^ haqq, pi. huqnq, right, claim ; privilege ; perquisite ; duty ; obligation, debt ; what is as it ought to be ; true, truthful, certain ; necessary ; real ; good, just ; firm, persevering ; truth ; reason ; certainty ; evident proof ; perseverance ; sincerity ; justice ; law ; God ; the Koran ; Islam; worth, price, payment, reward ; honour ; — hiqq, m. and f. (f. also » hiqqa-t), pi. hiqaq, hiqdq, huquq, haqd'iq, camel of three years ; truth ; certain proof ; — huqq, cavity of the hip- or arm-bone ; upper part of the arm ; hip ; pix ; — 6 haqqa-t, truth, certainty ; inf. of (i3^) ; — hiqqa-t, incontestable right ; indispensable duty ; ma- ture she-camel ; inp. of ((3=>) ; — huqqa-t, pi. huqq, huqnq, huqaq, ahqdq, hiqdq, case, box, casket ; ink-bottle; cup of a juggler; compass; vessel of water through which the tobacco-smoke passes; pix ; cavity of the hip-bone, &c. (see (3=^ huqq) ; woman. W haqd', trowsers ; — /i iqd', pi. of ^ haqw ; — haqqan, truly, in- deed, certainly. w_.Vtt=. hiqdh, pi. htiqub, belt set with jewels ; the white of the nail. 6j\Ji=. haqdra-t, hiqdra-t, huqdra-i, contempt, disdain ; contempti- bleness ; lowness, vileness. ,3^ hiqdq, litigation, law-suit ; hostility ; inf. hi. of (t3=>) ; pi. of v>=- hiqq and &=» huqqa-t ; — haqqdq, maker or seller of boxes, &c. JW> hiqdl, sale of the crops before they are reaped ; tenure of a farm against part of the har- vest. j_pu=^ haqdli, pi. of &l£=- haqla-t. ^J'^is. haqqdniyy, truthful ; just sincere ; divine ; — S haqqdniyya-t justice. iJ^^Sb- haqd'iq, pi. of (3=- hiqq anc ■^ S; "^ haqiqa-t. (t_.a=.) haqih, a, inp. haqab, b( unproductive ; fail, be in de fault ; — IV. inp. ihqdb, id. ; — viii. INF. ihtiqdb, allow anothe: to sit behind one's self on < horse, &c. ; tie another behinc 289 one's self ; put by for later use ; take a crime upon one's self. '■^=^ hiiqb, huqab, pi. ahquh, ahqdb, time of eighty years, space of time ; year ; — haqab, belt set with jewels ; hind strap of a camel's girth ; — huqub, pi. of hiqdb ; — 8 hiqba-t, pi. hiqab, huqi'tb, space of time ; many years ; year ; — huqba-t, calm (in the air) ; — haqiba-t, port- manteau. W«=' haqbil' , galaxy ; wild she-ass. (ij&a=-) haqhaq, inf. » , step high (horse) ; travel (on horseback, at night) with difiSculty; over- ride one's horse. (.Xa=.) haqad, i, inf. hiqd, huqd, haqad, haqida-t, bear a grudge or hatred (^Lc 'ala) ; be very fat ; — haqid, A, inf. haqad, be full of hatred ; fail, be in default ; be unproductive ; — IV. INF. ikqdd, instigate to hatred ; — viii. inf. ihtiqdd, bear a grudge ; fail, be in default. •^=- hiqd, pi. huq&d, haqd'id, ahqdd, hatred, grudge ; — haqad, id. (^=^) haqar, i, inf. haqr, huqriyya-t, mahqara-t, also haqur, inf. haqd- ra-t, be contemptible, mean, vile ; — I, INF. haqr, despise, treat with contempt ; — haqir, A, INF. haqar, become contempt- ible ; — II. INF. tahqir, deem contemptible ; despise ; abase, disparage ; call contemptuously by the diminutive ; — viii. inf. ihtiqdr, despise ; — x. inf. istihqdr, deem contemptible ; despise. f^ haqr, hf^ huqriyya-t, contempt ; contemptibleness. ^■^as" haqd-an, in rapid course. (La^) haqat, agility ; — 8 haqta-t, little, nimble, f. yUaS=- hiqittdn, 8 , short ; dwarfish. (i_4ib.) haqaf, inf. huqilf, sleep on a sandhill (see the following) ; sleep with the head between the legs ; — XII. ihqauqaf, inf. ihqiqdf, form long winding hills (sand) ; bow together, crouch. i-iS^- hiqf, pi. ahi[('if, hiqdf, huqi'if, pi. pi. haqd'if, hiqafa-t, long winding sandhill. (Ja^) haqil. A, inf. haqal, haqla-t, huqnl, eat earth with the herb and get the gripes from it ; — m. INF. mahdqala-t, sell the crops before they are reaped ; let a field for half or a third of the harvest ; — iv. Ji>=" haql, pi. hiiqiU, seed pushing leaves ; sown field ; column (in a book) ; — hiql, camel-litter ; colic ; — S haqla-t, pi. ahqdl, colic ; pi. haqdli, arable land, orchard, garden. (jilii=>) hiqlid, malicious, unsociable. (^c) haqm, pigeon. ((^a=^) haqan, u, i, inf. haqn, put milk into the leathern bag for churning ; let water into a reservoir ; stop, retain, keep back ; prevent a man's blood being shed ; administer a clyster; — VII. INF. inhiqdn, have a clyster administered ; — viii. INF. ihtiqdn, sufiier from stran- gury ; be laid out in form of an amphitheatre (garden) ; — 8 haqna-t, pi. ahqdn, colic ; — huq- na-t, pi. huqan, clyster ; (m.) clyster-pipe. (^) haqd, v, inf. liaqw, hit in the side ; pass. |_3a=. huqi, have the colic from eating meat. jBs. haqiv, pi. hiqd', huqiyy, ^>="\ ahq-in, ahqi, ahqd', side, hypo- chondres, loins ; also 8 haqwa-t, trowsers, trowser-belt ; colic ; pi. hiqd', mountain-slope, steep river-bank. k>jfl=- haqild, full of hatred. ^^a=- 'huqi, see (f^) ; —huqiyy, Tp\. of joz. haqw ; — 8 haqqiyya-t, truth, reality. haqiq, pi. ahiqqd', deserving, worthy of (v hi) ; — S haqiqa-t, pi. haqa'iq, reality, truth, es- sence ; true statement of a case ; genuineness ; maxim ; — ^^ haqt- liyy> ' ) real, true, genuine. ^««ji=- haqim, the outer corner of the eye. (;>««=■ haqtn, stopped, kept back, spared. (tsV:^) hakh, V, A, INF. hakk, rub ; shave or scrape off ; erase ; engrave ; probe by the touch- stone ; scratch, have one's self scratched ; — for hakik, inf. hakak, be hoof-sore ; — ii. inf. tahkik, rub violently ; — iii. inf. hikdJc, inuhnkka-t, rub against each other ; produce electricity ; flatter ; resist ; — v. inf. ta- hakkuh, rub one's self against ; — VI. tahukk, scratch one an- other ; — VIII. INF. ihtikuk=^v. usU. hakk, rubbing, engraving, erasing (s.); pi. A»A-hA-, erasures ; — hikk, doubt, agitation, dis- quietude ; (m.) compass ; — » hikka-t, pi. (likak, scab, itch ; itching (s.). (^Xc) fiakd, A, INF. hak', tie tight; — i hukdt, narrators, pi. of ,_/^ hdki. usJViCc. hikdk, refractoriness, inf. III. ("^) ; — hukdk, scratching (s.) ; sugar ; borax ; — Jiakkdk, polisher of precious stones ; borer of pearls ; engraver ; itching, scratching (adj.); pi. hakkdkdi, temptations; — i hu- kdka-t, scrapings, &(:. i,\i^ liikthn, summons; — /iiikhun, judges, &c., pi. of f^^ hakim; — S hakdma-t, scholarship, wis- dom. ij\^ hikdya-t, pi. hakdyd, tale, narrative, story, anecdote, his- torical account ; resemblance ; simile. (jk^) hakad, i, inf. hakd, return to the beginning. (jSU) hakar, i, inf. hakr, wrong, oppress ; be a bad comrade ; be quarrelsome ; store corn for the time of famine, carry on a usurious trade in corn ; — haklr, A, inf. hakar, quarrel continually ; be headstrong ; — II. INF. tahkir, hinder; — iii. inf. muhdkara-t, quarrel with (ace.) ; — V. INF. tahakkur, viii. INF. ihtikdr, buy up corn for usurious purposes ; exercise a monopoly. j^ hakr, injustice ; — hakar, great stores of corn ; quarrel, dispute ; — hakir, who carries on a usurious corn trade ; — also * hukra-t, usurious corn-trade; — ^ hakriyy, bad comrade ; quar- relsome ; fault-finding, cavil, ling. {ijr-^) hakas, I, inf. haks, gather (a) ; shrink ; (m.) rummage, stir up. (>-a^) hakaf, u, inf. hukiif, relax, slacken, grow tired and get remiss. uii^ hakak, inf. of ( happen ; — tj, inf. hukm, hukn- ma-t, deliver sentence, judge between ; — inf. haJcm, bridle ; put the bit to a bridle ; restrain, keep bank from evil ; — inf. hikma-t, be learned, wise, a philosopher, a physician ; esta- blish solidly ; — ii. inf. tahklni, appoint as a judge or governor; bid to give judgment ; give full powers ; be a physician ; treat medically ; — iii. inf. muhd- kama-t, summon another oj' go with him before the judge ; — IV. INF. ihkdm, manage well, confirm, consolidate ; protect ; bridle ; restrain ; — v. inf. ta- hakkum, possess and exercise power ; treat one's self or be treated medically ; — vi. inf. tahdkum, summon each other or go together before the judge ; — VIII. INF. ihtikdm, exercise authority ; deliver justice in the name of a superior ; have full power over another's pro- perty ; — X. INF. istihkdm, be well established, consolidated ; try to consolidate, to improve ; (m.) be able to reach, to obtain, to hit. (»^ hukm, pi. ahkdm, sentence, judgment; jurisdiction; power; authority ; magistrate ; govern- ment; decree, command, pre- cept ; rule of life ; prediction from the stars; fate, predesti- nation ; knowledge, wisdom ; reason ; category ; regard ; — l^akam, judge, arbitrator ; commander ; — i hikma-t, pi. ftikam ; wisdom ; knowledge ; medical art; philosophy; justice, equity ; reason ; secret decree of God ; prophecy ; the Koran ; (m.) the Gospel ; — hakama-t, bridle, bit ; power ; rank. U^ l^ukamd', pi. of ^i^=> hakim. (j^) i^ahd, n, inf. hakiv, and (j^ ^aka, I, INF. hikdya-t, speak, tell, relate ; resemble ; imitate ; tie a knot firmly ; — iii. inf. muhdkdt, resemble, be like ; imitate ; converse with another ; — IV. INF. ihkd', tie tight ; over- corue, surpass ; — viii. inf. ik- tikd', be firm, solid. ^j^ hukiima-t, authority, do- minion ; government ; empire, state ; jurisdiction ; sentence, judgment. (^J^) see (^). i_^ haky, speaking, talking (s.) ; — hakiyy, talking, chattering ; — hakkiyy, erasing-knife. u^si^ hakik, smooth, polished. (♦*S^ hakim, pi. hukamd', wise ; a sage, scholar, physician, natu- ralist, philosopher ; acting with prudence and successfully; solid ; — i hakima-t, learned woman ; female judge. ( J=') hall, u, INF. hall, solve ; dis- solve ; loosen ; absolve ; unfold ; unbend ; reel ofl: ; pass, hull, dissolve (n.), melt, thaw ; — INF. hulill, fall due ; be a duty ; come to the place of sacrifice (sheep, &c.) ; — inf. mahill, fall or be due ; — i, n, inf. hall, hulill, halal, alight, rest, put up ; settle on ; grant a place for doing so; come upon, befall ; pass, be inhabited ; — i, inf. hill, be lawful ; put ofE the pilgrim's cloak ; — i, inf. hilla-t, come to the place of sacrifice ; have passed the days of im- purity (woman) ; — for halil, a, INF. ^alal, have pains in the hips or knees ; — ii. inf. tahlil, solve, dissolve, analyse ; redeem an oath ; bid or allow to alight, put up, make a halt, stay ; per- mit, proclaim lawful ; legitimise ; make a mental reservation in taking an oath ; — iv. inf. ihldl, bid to alight and make a halt ; allow, permit, impose as a duty ; draw divine punishment upon one's self; put off the pilgrim's J- 292 cloak ; have passed the time of pilgrimage, fasting, &c. ; — v. INP. tahallul, dissolve (n.) ; vanish ; not keep one's oath on account of a mental reservation ; — VII. iNr. inhihn, get solved, dissolved, unfolded, unbent, reeled off, absolved ; get weakened ; — viii. iNr. ihtildl, alight, put up ; — x. inf. is- tihldl, deem lawful ; beg one to allow a thing (2 ace.) ; acquire by right of prescription. J=^ hall, solving, dissolving (s.), solution, absolution ; sesame- oil ; — hill, anything lawful ; who alights, puts up, a sojourner ; — also hull, redeeming of an oath or vow ; — 6 hilla-t, alighting- place ; quarter, street ; large basket ; kettle ; permission, dispensation, absolution ; — hil- la-t, pi. hildl, alighting-place ; village of a hundred tents ; assembly, place of assembly ; weakness ; — hulla-t, pi. hulal, Midi, underclothing; garment; cloak ; garb ; armour ; (m.) cooking-pot, kettle. (He-) hala', A, iNr. i^al', make col- lyrium and put it to another's eye ; beat ; throw on the ground ; bribe ; — ii. inf. iahW , fahli'a-t, give ; keep the camels away from the water ; — ' haldf, adornment of a sword. sjSe. hildb, fresh milk ; inf. hi. of (s-J^) ; — halldh, milker ; — £ halldba-t, milch cow; fig. a person from whom advantages are drawn. e!!b- halldj, cotton-carder ; — £ hild- ja-t, profession of such. i}^%^ huldhil, pi. haldhil, prince; chieftain ; of high rank. ijt%:- Itallds, seller of coarse car- pets. SjiSf' haldsa-t, mowing with a sickle. W%^ Ijildf, oath, obligation by oath ; — halldf, who takes fre- quent oaths. oiU haldq, death ; — hildq, shaving (s.) ; — huldq, sore throat ; — halldq, barber ; — i hildqa-t, pro- fession of a barber; — huldqa-t, cuttings of hair. ^%- haldl, lawful ; indifferent ; legitimate ; lawful wife ; mastic; — hildl, anything lawful ; vehicle for women ; goods ; furniture ; pi. of ^1^ hilla-t ; inf. hi. of ( J=^) ; — halldl, who solves, dis- solves ; — hulldl, pi. of J^ hdll, descending, due ; — » haldla-t, hut where the cocoons are reeled off ; spinning-house, cotton-mill ; divorced woman who, after the dissolution of the second mar- riage, returns to her first hus- band. ^_^\j;i=> haldirdtiyy, confectioner. i^ hah'noa-t, sweetness. ^_2^^ haldwa, sweets, sweetmeats, pi. of iS^ haliva. y—S%^ hald'ib, pi. of ^-^i=^ halha-t and h^ haluba-t. (h-1=^) halah, I, r, (m.) a, inf. halb, hildb, milk ; yield milk ; bid to milk (2 ace); — halib, A, INF. halab, be black; — iv. inf. ihldh, assist in milking ; assist ; — V. INF. tahallub, get milked ; fall in drops ; perspire, shed tears, salivate ; flow ; — viii. INF. ihtildb, X. INF. istihldb, milk ; — X. press out juice. s-l^ i^alb, milking Cs.) ; — halab, fresh milk ; Aleppo ; — hulub, pi. of i?^ haluha-t ; — hullab, plant with milky juice; — v,-l=- s-li hullab qullab, versatile, cun- ning ;— S halba-t, pi. hald'ib, race-horses ; horse-race ; milking (s.) ; — hulba-t, fennel, traga- canth ; clover ; — halaba-t, horse- race ; pi. of s-JV=. hdlib, milking (adj.). ^Wl=- halbdna-t, milch camel. (.U^) hilbid, f. s , small camel. (ij-^) halbas, inf. S, go, go awav; 293 ^ — halbas, lion ; devoted ; also hulahis, a brave one, hero. uy^tU halabid, i^^^ halba, milch camel. ^Jt^ halabiyy, native of Aleppo. (ct^) halat, I, INF. halt, shave off, pull out. u»^sl:> hiltit, hiltis, asa- foetida. (gl=-) halaj, u, I, INF. halj, card cotton ; round, roll ; travel all night ; walk short distances ; beat ; break wind ; (m.) halt with one foot. (J«^) halhal, inf. » , push from one's place ; shake ; — ii. inf. tahalhul, be pushed, shaken. ("jl^) halaz, V, INF. hah, remove the hair from a skin, the bark from wood, &c. ; — v. inf. ta- halluz, gird one's self; make ready for. jls- hilliz, 6 , short ; avaricious ; malicious ; owl. (i)j^ halazmi, snail ; — ^5 halazCi- niyy, snail-shaped, spiral ; spiral staircase ; spiral shell. ((jJb.) halas, I, INF. hals, cover a camel with the saddle-cloth ; rain continuously ; — halis, a, INF. halas, attend continually, be continually at a place ; — IX. INF. ihlisds, be chestnut coloured ; — x. inf. istihlds, use for a saddle-cloth ; cover the ground entirely. (j-^ hils, halas, pi. ahlds, hulus, halasa-t, woollen covering placed iDeneath a camel's saddle ; — ^ils, hals, covenant, alliance ; — Ijtils, halis, fourth arrow in the game of arrows ; halis, apt, strong, brave; avaricious. \— J^ halsd, f . of ij-^\ ahlas, chest- nut coloured. (,»«-U) hilsamm, avaricious. (yiJc^) halas, inf. hals, reap with a sickle. (UL:^) j^alat, TT, INF. halt, be rash, hasty, angry, obstinate ; swear, take an oath ; — ^alif, a, inf. halat, be hasty, angry ; — viii. INF. ihtildt=i.; separate in enmity from (y.e 'an). (._Al^) halaf, I, INF. half, hilf, halif, niahluf, mahlufa-t, swear, take an oath ; conjure ; — 11. iNP. tahlif, exact an oath from (ace.) ; — III. INF. muhd.lafa-t, take an oath of covenant with another; — iv. inf. ihldf =11.; — VI. inf. tahdluf, bind one another by an oath of covenant ; — X. INF. istihldf, conjure, exact an oath from (ace.) ; renounce by oath. <-*l2^ half, hilf, halif, taking an oath, swearing (s.) ; — hiy", pi. ahldf, oath ; sworn covenant ; pi. who havB sworn a covenant, confederates ; friendship ; parti- sanship, party ; — halif, covenant, confederacy. ViU halfd', pi. haluf, a shameless and boisterous woman ; bul- rushes for making baskets ; — hulafd', pi. of <-fl-l=- halif. yVAl=. half an, oath. ((j~il=-) hilfas, fat. ((3^) halaq, i, inf. halq, tahldq, shave; shear; — tj, injure in the throat, the palate ; fill a cistern ; determine approxi- mately ; — II. INF. tahliq, shave smooth ; soar into the air, fly in circles ; rise ; have a halo ; be three-quarters ripe ; — v. INF. tal/,alluq, be surrounded by a circle ; have a halo ; form a circle, sit in a circle ; describe circles in the air. (jls. halaq, throat, palate ; — hilq, seal-ring ; — hullaq, pi. of ijlU. hdliq, full udder, hillock ; — 5 halqa-t, fiilqa-t, pi. halaq, }/.aliq, hilaq, ring ; round clamp; buckle; lock of hair, ringlet ; ear-ring ; twist (pastry) ; circle ; halo ; fold, enclosure, fence ; as- sembly, troop ; armour ; rope ; empty vessel ; mark of a camel jjL 294 > by branding; — halaqa-t, pi. of (3^^ hdliq, barber. yUls:. /nilqrtn, i hulqdna-t, three- quarters ripe. ((*^^) halqani, inf. » , sever one's throat. ((j^l=-) halqan, inf. « , be three- quarters ripe. (•^als^ hulqilm, pi. haldqim, throat ; gullet. ,_s5l=- halqiyy, guttural. «sii^ halik, A, INF. kalaJc, huluha-t, also XII. ihlaulaq, inf. ihlildq, be black as a raven ; — s hulha-t, thorough blackness. (^S^) halkain, hulkum, entirely black. Jl=^ halal, lameness of the hips ; INF. of (^ J«-) ; — hilal, hulal, pi. of At=. hilla-t, hulla-t, respec- tively ; — hullal, pi. of J^ Mil, impending, due. (^) halam, A, halum, inf. Aa?H(, dream ; have a wet dream ; halam, louse ; — halum, inf. Ai7m, be gentle, mild ; — halini, A, inf. halam, swarm with worms or lice ; — ii. inf. tahlim, render gentle, mild ; rid of worms or lice ; — iv. inf. ihldm, have gentle and good children; — V. inf. ta^alhim, show one's self gentle and considerate ; dream ; tell false dreams ; — VII. INF. inhildm, viii. inf. ihii- Idm, dream ; viii. attain to puberty. ^♦1=" fiilni, pi. fiulum, al/ldni, gentle- ness combined with considerate- ness, mildness, urbanity ; — fiulm, J^ulum, pi. ahldm, dream, vision ; maturity, puberty; — fialam, S, small worm or louse; — halim, swarming with lice; — ii hala- ma-t, teat, nipple ; (m.) mouth- piece of a pipe. Uie. ^alanid', pi. of /^t)^ halun. iirt^ hilmiyya-t, gentleness, mild- ness. (^) (ia.^''t u, INF. halw, Ifulwdn, be sweet, pleasant to the taste, sugared ; be agreeable, pleasinj to the eye or mind ; — INI halw, make sweet, pleasant give ; — ,_sl=- hali. A, inf. hald iva-f, be sweet, pleasant; deen or find sweet ; receive anythin; pleasant; — ^ hali'i, inf. hald wa-t, be sweet, pleasant ; — ii halla', (m.) ,_^ halla, inf tahliya-t, svieeien ; sugar; maki pleasant ; — iii. inf. muhdldt show one's self amiable tc (ace), treat kindly, caress flatter ; — v. inf. tahalli, deen or find sweet; — vi. inf. tahdli show one's self amiable ; — x inf. istihu'd, find sweet, agree- able; be sweet; — xii. ihlaula INF. ihlild, be sweet, agreeable. jl=- hulw (also huluww), i , sweet agreeable, lovely, amiable ; — halu\ coUyrium. \^ halwd', f. sweet, pleasant, agreeable ; aything sugared- confectionery, confitures ; halwd'. f. of ,_3l=»^ , sweeter. t)^^ hulwdn, INF. of (y^) ; — also i hulwdna-i, portion, dowry; compensation to a divorced woman ; gratification, present, gratuity; fee; — ^^ hahvdniyy, con- fectioner ; — hnlwdniyy, sweet. i^l^ hahvd'iyy, confectioner. ■^•^ haliib, milking (adj.) ; milked ; — ' haliiha-t, pi. hald'ib, liuluh, animal that yields milk, milch. J^ hulOl, INF. of ( J=>) ; incorpo- ration, incarnation, penetration ; — pi. of J^ hdll, descending, impending, due ; — ^_s halftUyy, believer in the incarnation of God. iS^ ftalica, pi. ^aldwa, sweets, confectionery ; — i^alwa, sweet ; — v^\ hahriyydt, sweetmeats, sweets. (l=» halU, frost ; — hilltt, asa- fcetida. gsl=> halij, carded ; — S halija-f, dates in milk ; cream. UiflU halif, pi. hulafiV, confede- rate ; fellow conspirator ; sharp ; nettled. ij^ haliq, shaved. JJa^ halil, pi. ahilW, husband, wife ; anything lawful ; — 5 halila-t, pi. hald'il, wife. >»4l=> halim, pi. liulamd, ahldm, gentle and considerate, mild ; gracious. (^) hamm, v, (m.) a, inf. hamm, make hot, heat ; melt ; hasten the pace of an animal ; make it hot for, cause anxiety ; pass. humm, have a hot fever; be troubled, put to anxiety ; — INF. humum, decree ; intend ; determine according to weight or measure ; — for hamim, a, iNP. hamam, have ceased to glow ; be black as coal ; be very hot ; — iv. inf. ihmdm, warm, heat ; cause anxiety ; afflict with a fever ; be at hand, present, near ; — v. inf. taham- miim, take a warm bath ; — vii. inf. inhimdm, be heated, grow anxious, heated with passion ; have a fever ; — viii. inf. ihti- mdm, be caused anxiety ; be prevented from sleep by sorrow or anxiety ; x. inf. istihmdm, take a warm bath. 1^ ham, ham', hama' (Uc ham-an). pi. ahmd', father-in-law ; — hamm, anxiety ; flight, escape ; — humm, pi. hamd'iin, the best part ; heat of mid-day ; pi. of l*=^\ ahamm,, white, &c. ; • — i hamma-t, thermal spring; — him- tna-t, sweat, perspiration ; death ; — humma-t, heat ; fervour; fever ; blackish brown ; pigeon-colour ; pi. humam, himdm,, destiny ; c j\yi!1 humma-t al-firdq, fate, death ; also huma-t, poison of a scorpion. (Us^) hama', a, inf. ham', cleanse from mud ; — ,^s*^ hami'. A, INF. ham', hama', be muddy ; be angry. U=> hamd', sU=> ham'a-t, pi. U=- ham-an, thin mud, filth, dung ; — himd', INF. III. of ((j*=») ; defence ; anything forbidden ; precinct ; — hammd', pi. humm,, the buttocks ; — hu7nmd', pi. hummayd-t, hot fever ; — S ha- mdt, mother-in-law ; pi. hama- xvdt, calf of the leg ; Hama ; — pro- humdt, pi. of ^-"^ hdmi, tector. >jU=> hamdd-i, well done ! bravo ! — hammdd, who praises much ; — j_5 humdda, pi. humddaydt, end, extremity, what is last. ^Ui» himdr, pi. hamir, ahmira-t, hu- mur, hwmur, humurdt, mahmurd' , ass, wild ass ; S himdra-t, pi. hamd'ir, she-ass ; upper part of the foot ; instep ; himdr, himd- ra-t, wooden fore-part of a camel's saddle ; wood for sharp- ening knives ; — hammdr, pi. hammdra-t, ass-driver, muleteer; — i hammdra-t, lazy beast ; highest heat of summer. y*_)Us- humdris, strong, bold ; lion. j_gjU=- himdriyy, 6 , ass-like : — 8 himdriyya-t, agreement for equal division. 6jW hamdza-t, strength ; sharp, ness. &»Ua- hamdsa-t, bravery ; energy ; 296 title of an ancient collection of poetry. y=U=» hummdd, sorrel. tUi- hamdt, i , a herb ; rice-straw ; ■ — i hamdta-t, secret of the heart; pi. Mmdt, mountain-fig. 5U hamdq, humdq, small-pox ; ■ himdq, (_3'Ue. hamdqd, hmndqd, pi. of (3-M*^ ahniaq, stupid, fool- ish ; — i hamdqa-1, stupidity, foolishness. ,_^-iW hamdqis, pi. calamities. JU=- hamindl, porter; — i hamu- la-t, undertaking, carrying, suf- fering (s.), INF. of (J-*^) ; mulct for bloodshed; — Mmdla-t, pi. humul, tribute ; fine ; j^l. ha- md'il, sword-belt ; trade of a porter. gJUs. hamdltj, pi. of e^*^ hamluj. ^^U^. hamdliq, pi. of jlX*^- himldq. ^U=* haindm, i , pi. -dt, hamd'im, turtle-dove ; dove, pigeon ; any bird with a neck-ring; — himdm, fate, death ; — hinndm, fever of a beast of burden ; nobleman, lord ; — hammdm, pi. hammdmdt, warm bath; — (^ hammdmiyy, bath-keeper. yUc hamd'ir, pi. of sjU=. himdra-t. JfUi. hamd'il, pi. of iJUs- himdla-t. ^U=> hamd'im, pi. of ^ humm, ^^ hamdma-t, and &*«-»=> hanii- ma-t. ibUc himdya-t, protection ; (m.) protege, client ; fuel. (ct~*=.) hamat, i, inf. hamt, set over and fill with love for ; — hamit, a, inf. hamat, be rank, spoiled, deteriorated; — hamut, INP. humCda-t, be very hot, sultry. (e*^)> II- hammaj, inf. tahmij, compress the eye-lids to see better ; look sharply at ( J\ ila) ; be sunk ; be defaced by anger. (l*as*^) hamham, inf. » , and ii. INF. tahamhiim, neigh, roar; — him/dm, entirely black; a bird ; — s himhima-t, ox-tong (plant), (juo.) hamid, A, inf. hamd, ma mad, iiiahmid, mahmida-t, prais reward, thank; find praisewortl: good ; be anijrv ; — ii. inf. ta mid, praise highly, glorify Go^ — IV. INF. ihmdd, show on( self praiseworthy ; find goo praiseworthy ; approve, I pleased with ; deserve than' from (ijic 'ala) ; be kind. J*=> hamd, praise ; kindness, favor grace ; reward, thank ; — » hai da-t, praiseworthy (f.) ; — h mada-t, who always praises, fla terer. J.u=* hamdal, inf. S , say &13 J*s al-hamd-u li-'l-ldh-i. (j*^) hamar, v, inf. hamr, sera; ofi: ; skin ; shave ; — hamir, INF. hamar, suffer from ind gestion ; grow stupid, like i ass ; burn with anger ; — ] INF. tahm'ir, call or treat as i ass ; dye red, rubricate ; spe; as a Himyarite ; — v. inf. t hammur, id.; rouge (n.) ; — i INF. ihmirdr, be red, redde blush; — XI. INF. ihmh-dr, ' very red. y*^ hamr, skinning, flaying (s. — hinnr, pi. of yt^\ ahmar, re( — humar, tamarind; bitume asphalt ; — humur, pi. of j^ himdr ; — hummdr, i, a fim with a red head ; — S hmnra-t, ] humar, redness; blush; rougl dust of red brick ; plague-blistc anthrax ; erysipelas. ha) 'rd, f. (J'ly*^ humrdn, pi. y*=^'^ ahmar, red. y^\j*^ humurdt, pi. of jU=- himdr. i)*^) hamaz, i, inf. i^iamz, bu: on the tongue ; sharpen, poin seize ; .— //a)ii?(2, inf. hamdza be strong, hard. j*^ ham::, sharpness, acidity; — hamna-t, lion ; a herb. (u~*=-) hamas, v, inf. hams, ste meat ; provoke to anger ; ■ (./"■♦S' 297 >>- hamis, a, inp. hamas, be firm in one's belief, brave in battle ; — hamus, inf. hamdsa-t, id. ; — II. INF. tahmls, IV. inf. ihmds, stew meat ; irritate ; — v. show one's self unshakeable in belief, brave in battle ; grow angry, fly into a passion. hums, pi. of y~*="^ ahnias, strong, firm, &c. ; — hamas, un- shaken firmness ; » hamasa-t, tortoise ; — hamis, unshakeable, brave, energetic ; — humsa-t, honour, consideration. hamsd, f. of (j~«.=>-\ ahmas, strong, finn. (yi>*=-) hama.s, i, inf. humdsa-t, be thin ; — u, inf. hams, gather, assemble (a.) ; provoke to anger ; pursue in anger, chase ; — hamis, A, INF. hams, hams'a-t, be angry ; be violent, oppressive ; — inf. hams, hamas, have thin thighs or legs ; — hamus, inf. humitsa-t, be thin ; — ii. inf. tahmis, itch, burn ; be granulous, coagulate and become granulous; — viii. INF. ihtimds, grow inflamed with anger ; fight. yi>*=^ ham^, hamis, having thin thighs ; thin ; fleshless ; hams, pi. himds, thin ; — 6 himsa-t, anger, rage, indignation, vexa- tion. (ija*=-) hamas, tr, inf. hams, humus, subside, abate ; cease to be swollen ; take a mote out of the eye ; perspire violently ; — inf. hams, rock gently to and fro (n.) — II. inf. tahmis, roast; — v. INF. tahammus, get roasted ; shrink ; — vii. inf. inhimds, subside, abate. (u**=") hamad, v, inf. hamd, be sour, acid ; have aversion for (y^ 'an) ; desire ; — inf. hamd, humild, browse on bitter herbs ; — hamid, a, be or turn sour ; — hamud, inf. humuda-t, id. ; — II. INF. tahmid, iv. inf. ihmdd, make sour, acidulate, leaven. cA*^ hamJ, pi. humnd, a bitter plant; sorrel (also (jij-i*^ ham- did') ; — hnmud, pi. of (ja**=» hamid ; — ii hamda-t, desire, craving. (k*:^) hamat, i, inf. hamt, peel, pare. (t^*^) hamtar, inf. » , fill ; put a string to the bow. (k*.:^) ha ma;, u, inf. hamz, spur, urge on. (Jk».=-) hamzal, coloquintida ; — INF. ii , gather coloquintida. ((3*=') hamiq, a, inf. humq, humuq, be stupid, imbecile, foolish ; (m.) be vexed, angry ; — hamuq, inf. hamdqa-f, be stupid, an idiot; be dull (market) ; — ii. inf. tahmiq, call or deem stupid, treat as a fool ; declare to be foolishness ; pass, drink wine ; — IV. inf. ihmdq, find stupid ; — VI. INF. tahdmKq, feign stu- pidity; — ^x. INF. isti/imdq, find stupid ; be stupid ; act fool- ishly. (3*=» hiimq, stupidity, idiotcy, fool- ishness ; -wine ; — hamaq, fluor albus ; anger, vexation ; — hamiq, pi. humaqd' , o°*^ Iiamqa, block- head ; humuq, pi. and — \j!*=^ hamqd', f. of i,^*=^\ ahmaq, stupid, foolish. (yVa*=. hamqdii, angry ; vexed. (uiU:^) hamik, a, inf. hamTc, step along. uiU=- hamah, i , anything small ; small lice, ants; children; low people ; leader ; » , small, low (J*^) hamal, i, inf. haml, humldn, carry ; support, endure ; im- port ; send ; impose, impute ; treat kindly ; attack, charge ; instigate, incite, excite against ; bear great hardships in tra- velling ; refer a word to or make it agree -with another ; show one's self angry ; know a book by heart; give over to destruction ; — i, inf. haml, be 38 >- 298 (.r*^ pregnant ; bear fruit ; swell, over-flow; — inp. /laiH'ihi-t, be at one's service, ready for ; pass, be covered (mare) ; — ii. INF. tahin'd, burden witli (2 ace.) ; cause, bid, or ask to carry, deliver, etc. ; impute to (2 ace); — IV. INF. ihniiU, im- pose a burden ; help to carry (2 ace); — V. INF. ta/iainmid, take up a burden ; carry, sup- port, bear, suffer ; make debts ; break up a camp and depart; — VI. INF. ta/ii'imid, impose anything hard, treat harshly; oppress ; — VII. INF. inhimdl, be carried ; be bearable ; — viii. INF. i/itiwiil, carry ; bear, sup- port, suffer ; permit, allow ; overlook an offence ; acknow- ledge a benefit, be thankful (also pass. uMiimil, be allow- able, possible ; pass, with ^_^ 'ala, gi'ow angry) ; impose a burden ; break up the camp and depart ; — x. inf. istihtndl, charge one's self with one's own affairs, perform them one's self ; ask or demand to carry. J*=- lianiJ, carrying (s.) ; preg- nancy ; pi. kimdl, ahmnl, embryo (in the womb); pi. himdl, humnl, ahmaj, fruit of a tree; — /liml, pi. ahmiU, burden, load ; pi. humtU, camel-litter, camels bear- ing litters ; — fiamal, pi. humhhi, ahiniU, lamb, ram, wether ; sign of the Ram; — hinnl. pi. of aJU^^ l/i III ilia -t ; — i liamla-t, attack; charge of horse; push; effort; — hiiiila-t, load, burden ; — /lainalii-f, bearers, pi. of J^W- /I'iiiiil. giU^ /()'H(?,y = gjU=. humh'ij. ji*:^ hiiiihiq, litiiiihiq, pi. fiaiildliq, the inner side of the eye-lid ; edge of the eye coloured with collyrium. yS^s. hnmhin, inf. of ( J*^) ; pi. of J*^ hamal; hospitable gift. (gU^) /lamlaj, inf. ' , twist a roj very firm. (^^Jl^) hainhiq, inf. » , open tl eyes wide and stare at, gaze. 5^1*^ hiimli'ij, pi. hamiUlj, bellow of a goldsmith. jyu=> humh'iq=^yi\*^ hiinh'iq. jju=^ Iiamliyy, categorical. ,».*^ Imiaaiii, blackness; — Mmai INF. of (f>^) ; — huiiiam, pi. - i*=. huwina-t ; — ' huinama- coal. (i:}*^) /laiiin, small lice (also aj^ hamnihia-t) ; ticks (insects). i}*^) see (^.s*-). ft^ haiinv, heat ; also i hamwa- first heat of the morning prime ; — ha inn, hamir, hail father-in-law, brother-in-law — hnmaii\ poison of a SCO j)iou ; — huiiuiW'it, pi. of iU hamdf. jj-k:^ hamnd, praised, praiseworth jj*=^ humi'ir, pi. of jW=. hiin'ir. SJay*^ hiim'''sa-f, thinness of tl legs. l^y*^ hum I'l r/(i -t, nciditj ; acid tast INF. of (ij'*^). J^j*£. ha 111 11 1, ]iorter; bearer, su f erer ; gentle, mild; — i ham la-t, beast of burden ; loa burden, freight, cargo ; — hum Ja-t, camel-loads ; fee of a portei carriage, costs of transport. ((_5*=>) hanid, i, inf. hamy, him, ya-t, mahmiya-t, protect, defen ward off, forbid to touch < enter (ace. or (^ min) ; ni be ridden or loaded ; — in hamy, hamica-f, himdya-f, h iniyya-t, forbid, bid one (ac or J li) to abstain from (ace. i ^E 'an respectively); — hami, INF. hamiyya-f, mahmiyya-t, 1 in awe of, abstain with awe > reverence ; — inp. hamy, hiimiy humuivw, glow, be hot, pierspin — inp. hamy, hiimiiwic, glow, 1 heated ; be angrv against ((_■ 'ala); — ii. inf. tahmiya-i, mal hot or to glow ; heat ; — iii. in 299 L^ mtthtuii'lt, himiV, defend ; plead for ; — IV. INF. ihmd', make hot or to glow ; brand ; declare a place prohibited to others, de- clare one's determination to defend a place ; meet such a place; — v. inf. tahamml, get hot, be heated ; rush upon with impetuosity ; — vi. inf. ta/idmi, be on one's guard against, set guard on ; go aside from, re- frain from (ace.) ; — viii. inf. ihtiiHit', abstain from (^^ min) ; fast ; defend one's self ; call for protection or help ; — xii. ihmauma, inf. ihmimd', be black. ,_s*=» hami', see (^) ; — haini, muddy ; — him-an, hinia, du. himawdn, pi. ahmd', well guarded and prohibited to others ; pre- cinct; domain; sanctuary; any- thing forbidden ; — humma, pi. hummaydt, hot fever ; — hamiyy, pi. handyya-t, protected, pro- hibited =Aim-a»( ; hot, glowing ; — s himya-t, anything defended or to be defended ; anything forbidden ; diet ; — hamiyya-t, feeling of honour and shame; dignity joined to modesty ; ab- stinence, diet; zeal-j-^/iamndy- ya-t, intense heat. W*=- Mimayyd, humayy-an, ardour of passion ; fire of youth, of wine ; wine ; — hammayd, any- thing that must be defended. ks.~>*=^ hamit, extreme rage ; pi. hiimut, leathern flask. hamid, i , praised, praise- worthy ; — i hamida-t, pi. ha- md'id, praiseworthy quality or action. hatnir, pi. of jU=» himdr; also ii hamira-t, strap, girth ; — him- yar, name of the first ancestor of a tribe ; — 6 ^umaira-t, erysipelas; — ^J himyariyy, i, belonging to the tribe of Him- yar; — h himyariyya-t, language of the Himyarites. j**=- hamiz, firm, vigorous. (j~9*=" AtDHts, S, brave; impetuous, vehement ; stove ; — S hamisa-t, stew. <*-»<*=- haniisa-t, jjI. /lamd'is, stolen sheep. (ja**=> hamid, pi. humud, tract of land abounding in bitter herbs. ^ii«*^ humaiqd', t_^t!*^ humaiqa, small-pox. J~*^ ham'il, carried, carried off ; imported when young (slave) ; stranger; foundling; bastard; — i hatu'da-t, people of the house ; pi. hamd'il, sword-belt. ,♦«*=" hamim, hot water; thermal spring, hot bath ; summer-heat ; afilicted with fever ; pi. akimmd', fever; relation, relative, friend; — 6 hanilma-i, pi. hamd'im, hot water or milk ; best part of one's property ; — y^\ humaimdt, live coal. ((:>'=") hann, l, inf. hanin, call tenderly, cry, sigh, complain ; be moved with a longing desire ; resound; — inf. harm, handn, have compassion on (^_^ 'ala) ; — II. inf. tahnin, bloom ; — iv. inf. ihndii, make the bow re- sound ; err, transgress ; — v. inf. iahannun, be moved with love and compassion ; — vi. inf. ta- hnrni, x. inf. istihndn, long for ; — 6 hanna-t, sister-in-law; wife; folly! (Uc) hana' , A, inf. han', be densely covered with vegetation ; lie with ; — II. INF. tahni', tahni'a-t, dye red with henna; — v. inf. tahanni, be dyed red. ^ hinnd, » , pi. hun'dn, the plant henna {Lawsonia inermis). iii\j^ handbila-t, pi. of j_5W^'s- ham- baliyy. /s-^ handjir, pi. of 5;a!.s=- hanjira-t and (also ^-s-^ handjir) of j^a^-^ hunjtir. „ ^ handjif, pi. of >-»^-i^ /mil' j'V- 300 u^- LU:^ hannaf, corn-merchant ; — hi'iidt, materials for embalming ; — i hinnta-t, art of embalming ; corn-trade; — (^ hanndtiyy, pi. », corn-merchant. (jUi. handn, compassion, mercy ; tenderness ; abundance ; wages, pay ; — hanri'in, moved with compassion or tenderness ; mer- ciful ; resounding ; open ; — hun^dn, pi. of Vj^. kin ad'. UUs^ handyd, pi. of 4*-^^ haniyya-i. ij^ hindya-t, bending (s.). j_jfU=. hinnd'iyy, seller of henna; henna-coloured. ("— ui.) haidh, A, INF. hanab ; — li. INF. tahnib, be gracefully bent in the loins ; — ii. inf. tahannuh, be bent. (yi.jj^) hambati, inf. » , jump, leap ; clap the hands ; play, laugh, amuse by telling stories. ya<.s=- himbisji himhasa-t, stratagem in warfare ; f}\ f} abit 'l-himbis, fox. ( J*.i=>) hanibal, inf. ii , eat of the bean humbul; put on a fur coat; — II. INF. tahambid, hang down the head. J.5j^ hambal, short, dwarfish ; fur coat ; worn boot ; fleshy, paunch- bellied ; sea ; name of the founder of one of the four law-schools ; — himibul, French bean; — ^ hamhaliyy, pi. hand- bila-t, follower of Hambal. (^Uoj^") hantaf, locusts as a dish. (*;:-t.) hantam, i, pi. handiini, green water-jug ; coloquintida. (li,.;:.) hanis, be a blasphemer and perjurer ; break one's oath ; waver between good and evil ; — IV. INF. ihids, induce to perjury ; — V. INF. tahaimnif, shun false gods and sin. >^-^j^ hins, sin, crime, perjury. (yii=>) hansar, ^s/^-^ hansariyy, stupid. J.U:. ^ansal, weak. (j-i:^) hfDiaj, I, INF. hanj, bend, cause to bend ; twist strongly ; present itself, happen, occur. j^ hinj, pi. hindj, root, origin. (k,-va!ri=^) himjub, dry, withered, (o.^;.;^) hunjud, long, lengthy, (j^-!^) hanjar, S hanjara-t, pi. handjir, throat, gullet ; — hanjar, INF. i , slaughter (by cutting the throat). (cji^Ji.) hanjaf, (linjif, hvnjuf, » hanjafa-t, &c., upper edge of the hij). jfl!^^ huiijiir, pi. handjir, gullet ; throat ; (m.) phial, small bottle. t-J^as^;. huiijnf, part of the ribs which joins the spine. (y,SB.;i:.) hanhan, inf. » , be moved with compassion or tenderness. (gjL;=.) hundvj, pi. handd'ij, long sand-hill, (j.^.;^) hutidur, j^-^-^ hundur, pi. handdir, pupil of the eye. (y.^.Ui.) hindis, pi. handdis, dark night ; darkness ; — handas, INF. » , II. INF. tahandus, be very dark. ^^^ij-^ hatidaqfiq, hindaqnq, lotus ; clover. i^^'is^ hundi'(ja-t::=S'^^^ hundiij. 'j^""^ hti>tdih'a-t:=j'i^^ hundur. (m^) hanaz, i, inf. hanz, tahndz, roast beneath heated stones. (/=-) hanar, inf. hanr, construct a vault or arch. (v»^^-*=-) hiuzdb, strong ass ; par- snip ; a bird ; strong dwarf. ((j~-^) hanis, A, INF. hanas, be always in the midst of the battle. (lt-^s-) hanas, sting ; — ii. inf. t a hn ! s, i:h.2ise ; avert from, cause to desist ; — iv. inf. ihtids, avert, cause to desist ; urge to speed, iji-.^ fiana.s', pi. ahnds, male snake, reptile ; fly. (w*^) hianaf, u, inf. hanf, die. V/o-ii^ hiiifa, weak. o*^ 361 J-»^ hcmdal, i handala-t, pond, water-ditch. (ki=^) hanat, i, inf. hant, sigh with grief ; be red ; — u, inf. huniit, be ripe for harvest; — II. INF. tahnit, embalm ; — iv. INF. ihndt, id. ; die ; be ripe for harvest; — v. inf. tahannuf, get embalmed ; be irritated against (J li) ; — x. inf. istih- nat, id. ; seek death, rush into the din of battle; — » hinfa-t, pi. hinat, wheat. (h.,Lu^) hantab, goat. (y=^^), II. tahantar, inf. tahantur, turn and twist about, be irreso- lute in a matter. (J^i^) hanzal, i , coloquintida. ((j^'*'-) hanza, inf. »Vk«=. hanzd'a-t, talk ribaldry (woman). t)W=-^ hinziydn, shameless, impu- dent (woman). (i-i^=-) hanaf, i, inf. hanf, bend ; — hanif, A, inf. hanaf, have the feet turned inwards ; — hanuf, INF. handfa-t, id. ; — v. inf. tahamiuf, turn from idolatry to the true religion. li-is- hanfd', f. of ^-aj^\ aknaf, turned inwards ; tortoise ; bow ; razor ; — hvnafd', pi. of «-**-'=- hanif. (^J«iJ^=.) hinfis, shameless, impudent (woman). (^/.iis.) hinfis, viper. ^j4i=- hanafiyy, follower of Abu Hanifa ; orthodox ; — » hana- fiyya-t, sect of Hanifites ; orthodoxy ; reservoir with taps ; tap. {i.^^^) haniq, A, inf. hanaq, haniq, be enraged ; hate, bear a deep grudge ; — IV. inf. ihndq, hate with irreconcilable hatred. ^JJ■^ hanaq, pi. hindq, violent anger, rage ; — haniq, enraged ; spiteful. (c£U=-) hanak, i, v, inf. hanlc, bridle ; make wise ; understand well ; chew ; — ii. inf. tahnik, make wise ; chew ; — iv. inf. ihndh, make wise ; — viii. inf. ihtindk, id. ; bridle. hanak, pi. ahndk, palate ; lower _ part of the chin ; — hunk, experience ; firmness and pru- dence ; — hunuk, i , experienced ; prudent ; — S hanaka-t, rugged ground. ( J^) hankal, inf. ii , walk clum- sily and heavily. (^»-^) hanani, i , owl. (f^) hand, u, INF. hanv, hand', bend, crook ; contort ; bend the head ; — inf. hamv, make a bow ; — INF. hunuww, lean to- wards, incline, have an incli- nation for (^ 'ala) ; — ii. inf. tahniya-t, bend, crook ; — iv. INF. ihnd', incline towards ; — v. INF. tahanni, be bent, crooked ; — VII. INF. inhind', id. ; be flexible ; incline towards. ^•se- hunuww, inclination, affection, tenderness, compassion ; — hiniu, pi. haniyy, huniyy, ahnd', bend, inflection ; saddle-bridge ; bend- ing outlines of the body, &c. ; chin ; ribs ; mountain-slope. ty=^ hanat, fragrant herbs ; mate- rials for embalming. (jj^=- haniin, tender, fond, affec- tionate, compassionate ; — hunt'm, pi. of yTf.s=» hanin, hinnin. (ty=^) hana, i, inf. hindya-t, bend, crook, contort, incline ; peel. ^y=- hin-an, hina, henna ; — haniyy, 1)1. of ^.sa- huiw ; — i haniyya-t, pi. haniyy, handyd, bow. tu=> hanyd', t. of ^^5i2.\ ahna, crooked. vi->!!-»=- hanis, impious, blasphemous, perjured. .Xfis- haniz, roasted on heated stones ; perspiring. iji^ hanira-t, pi. hand'ir, arch, vault ; key-stone of an arch or vault ; bow without string. hanif, pi. hunafd, professor of the true faith ; orthodox ; circumcised ; — ^^t^^ f^ abd l}anifa-t, founder of one of the 1.5^ 302 ^)^ _,^v four law-schools ; — h hanifiy- ya-t, his sect ; orthodoxy. i3<-^ haniq, enraged. •^^J^ hanih, experienced ; prudent. (:>*^ hanin, emotion, cry or sigh of tenderness or compassion ; fond affection ; sound of the bow ; also hiunhi, pi. ahmna-t, hunihi, hand'in, the two months of juindda. ^ huww, pi. of oj^^ ahwa, black ; — i hinvwa-t, dark red. \f^ hawcV, S\^ hawdt, voice, noise, sound ; — hiwiV, pi. ahwiya-t, hair-tent ; village of tents ; — haiviriVj Eve ; f . of 1^^=^^ ahwa, black. g\^ haivnjj, pilgrimesses to Mecca, pi. of i^^ hdjja-t. s-^^^ kawcijib, pi. of >-r^^ hdjib, eye-brows, eye-lashes. hairdjir, yards, &c., pi. of S;^r=» hajra-t. J=-f^ hawijil, pi. of &W^ hav- jala-t. 5 , new, fresh, event, &c. ^■Af^ hairddir, lA. of ;T>j\^ hau-dzih, pi. of vj^ hdzih, difficult, grave, serious. haivds, senses, pi. of jW. Mdis, ag. J^,- }V o-V i—.*.^^ haicdsib, storms, pi. of s- -e^ hdsih. J-^^ hawdsil, results, &c., pi. of J-=U^ hdsil ; jfil. of ^^ hau- sala-i. (^1^ hawdsin, pi. of y^ hdsin, chaste. j^^)=^ hawddir, fixed residences, &c., pi. of J^W hddira-t. (j-i\j=- hawdclin, nurses, &c., pi. of iUiW hddina-t. U^ hawu'dt, superior, pre-eminent; (m.) tax-gatherer ; furnisher, purveyor; — i huwdta-t, corn- magazine, granary. ^»J='^y=- haiodtlm, pi. of (»y=^ hdtiun, promoting digestion, &c. iS^f^ hawdqq, things that are cer- tain to happen, &c., pi. of iiW. hdqqa-t. Ji\y^ hawdqil^ pi. of ili^ hau- qala-i. ii\f hcni-nqa-t, sweepings. J^^ haivdJ, circumference, circle (hatvdl-a, all around ; again) ; change, revolution; — 4 hawd- la-t, turn ; commission, security, bail, note of hand ; transfer of a debt ; letter of exchange ; cheque ; — ^ haivala, all around ; — hawdli, surroundings ; pi. of 4«!U- hdJlya-t, adorned ; — haivd- liyy,\ery cunning; pi. » haicd- liyya-t, soldier of a garrison, policeman, satellite, usher ; pi. of ^>j^ hanUijy. iS'^f' han-'iliq, pi. of oJ^ hdliq, udder ; hill. ^\^ fiau-iini, the long ribs. c^l^ hawdiiH, wine-houses, &c., pi. of cuyU. hdni'd. iSi^y^ hau-du-1, pi. of ij;U hdwiija-t, gut, intestine. ^}}^ haicdyd, pi. of h^ hdwiya-i, gut, intestine, and of hf^ ha- wiyya-t. Ii^\)'' hawd'iin, pi. thirsty camels, (v^) hnb, LT, INF. haub, hauba-t, hiydba-t, sin, transgress ; — ii. INF. tahdb, call to the camels ; — v. INF. fahawwiib, be sorrow- v^ 303 J^ ful, grieved ; abstain from wliat is unlawful ; — ■ x. inf. istihdha-t, be sorrowful. v^s^ hauh, hob, » hauha-t, hilha-t, sin, transgression ; — 'i hauha-t, relationsliip on mother's side ; love of a mother ; — hilba-t, mother, wife. ^>^ haubtV, body, person, indi- vidual ; somebody ; soul, heart. {uiif^) hat, u, INF. haut, hawatdn, run or fly round. uu^ hilt, pi. hlwaia-t, hltdii, ahwdt, large fish ; sign of the Fishes ; ^\ i-^^Uj sithib al-hi'it, Jonas. (ui>^), IV. INF. ihilsa-t, X. INF. istihiha-t, search the ground ; stir up, disperse ; throw about ; harass. •^}^ haus, wherever, whenever ; lis^i uw^ haus bans, dispersed. Wy. hausd, liver and gall ; fat (f.). (e^=^) Itdj, u, INF. havj, want, be in need of (^J^ ila, (^\ an) ; — II. INF. tahwij, lead astray ; — IV. INF. ihwdj, want, be in need of {^J'\ ila) ; cause to want ; compel ; — v. inf. tahawwnj, demand for a thing wanted; provide one's self with the necessary goods, make pur- chases ; — vm. INF. ihtiydj, want, be in need of (^J\ ila) ; be in want, poor ; long for. U^ haiijd', want, need ; business, affair ; desire ; answer. 41=.^=. haujala-t, haujalla-t, pi. hawd- jil, hawiijil, bottle large at the bottom. i*^»=> haujama-t, pi. haujam, red rose. (j^) had, u=(.^«^) ; — III. inf. muhdwada-t, cause continual pain. (j^) /«((;, u, INF. hau;:, drive the camels fast; guard, keep watch o-ser; preserve carefully, attend to ; — IV. INF. ihivd:, drive fast ; cause to turn round quickly ; crather the garments ; — x. inf. istihydz, overcome, hi") l"^''> U) INF. haur, hu'nr, mahdr, mahdra-t, return, come back ; be too little of, run short ; be bewildered, stunned, perplexed; — inf. haar, bleach, wash clean ; — hawir, a, inf. hawar, be shining white, be of intense white and black (eye), have such eyes, have delicate brows, together with a white complexion ; — ii. inf. tahwir, whitewash ; cover a flat roof with earth ; — iii. inf. hiwdr, iiiuhdwara-t, give an account, answer, converse ; — iv. inf. ihdra-t, answer; give for an answer ; yield flour ; — vi. inf. tahi'iwur, converse ; — ix. inf. ihwirdr:=haivir, be v/hite. j^ haur, want; — hur, decrease; destruction, annihilation ; pi. of ■jfA ah war and \jf^ haurd' , houris ; — hawar, pi., also S hawara-t, pi. hdrdn, red leather ; white cordovan; hawar, yl.ahwdr, cow ; a paint made of lead ; — hawar, also hawwar, (m.) haur, i , poplar-tree. \j)=' haurd', f. of j^^ ahwar, having eyes of intense white and black. ob^ A''i'"'?i, pi. of yU. hd'ir, place where water gathers ; pi. of j\^ huwdr and j^ hawar, i . {)f) hdz, u, INF. hauz, hiydza-t, collect, gather, grasp, get; pos- sess ; lie with ; strain the bow ; drive camels quickly, and, by opposition, slowly ; walk slowly ; — III. INF. muhdwaza-t, have to deal with ; occupy one's self with ; tread down, subdue ; — V. INF. tahawwuz, be coiled up; — VI. INF. tahdwuz, separate, sever one's self from ; — vii. INF. inhiijdz, break up the camp and depart ; leave ; retire ; go over from one (y^ 'an) to {^J^ ila) the other ; incline towards ; draw aside to ; flee ; — viii. INF. ihtiydz, take all for one's self; grasp. }f 304 J^ j)=^ haitz, taking ijossession, pos- session; district; surroundings; — s hauza-t, region, tract, coast, side ; centre of the empire ; court ; precinct, domain, terri- tory ; troop ; taking possession, possession. ^j^=- havza, general war. (y-y=") Ms, V, INF. haus, enter and search for booty ; walk among the people and seek ; trail on the ground ; skin ; — v. inf. tahdwus, show boldness and bravery ; be seized with pain ; be about to depart and remain. {J^f^} Ms, V, INF. haus, surround the game and drive it into the net ; stir up tumult, disorder, &c. ; gather camels and drive them along ; (m.) surround, envelop ; — ii. inf. tahwis, gather, assemble (a.) ; — vii. INF. inhiyiU, be surrounded and driven into the net ; flee in fright ; — viii. ihtawas and iMus, INF. ihtiyus, surround the game and start it from its lair, chase ; place one in the middle, form a circle around, surround. \J>f> Ms, desert inhabited by demons ; cattle grown savage (and possessed by demons) ; (lemons ; — havs, pi. ahwds, en- closure for cattle ; fold ; farm ; (m.) reclusion ; — j^ Msiyy, grown wild ; wild, unmanageable ; mis- anthrope ; dark ; obscure ; • — h hiUiyya-t, growing wild (s.) ; misanthropy. ({j'f} Ms, u, INF. haiif:, sew, stitch together ; unite closely ; fly around ; cover the eyes of the hawk. (jo^=^ huf, pi. V/c^ hausiV, f. of ijsy^^ ahwas, having one eye smaller than the other ; narrow- eyed ; — haicas, night ; narrow- ness of the eye. J-=^ kciustd, crop of a bird; &-^ hausaht', id.; Si^y hausala-t. hausalla-t, id. ; pi. hawasil, id. ; stomach ; power of compre- hension, faculty ; ambition ; — hausal, inf. » , fill its crop. (u*W ^«?'> u> INF. Mud, collect water ; make a water-reservoir ; — II. INF. tahwid, fly around ; — X. INF. isHMda-t, collect water in a reservoir. (jo^ hatid, pi. hiyCid, ahwdd, reser- voir ; cistern ; watering-place for cattle. (t^=>) Mf, V, INF. Mut, Mta-i, hiyi'tta-t, watch, guard, attend to ; withdraw ; cover (stallion) ; — II. INF. tahwit, guard; sur- round ; enclose, wall in ; build a wall ; — IV. INF. ihdta-t, sur- round, encompass, enclose ; in- vest, besiege ; be fully master of a science, art, or profession ; — V. INF. tahawwut, guard, watch over ; — VIII. INF. inhiydt, sur- round ; invest, besiege ; be on one's guard, be cautious, be wary. t^ haiit, moat ; circumvallation ; amulet ; — i hanta-t, caution, guard. (>-<^), II. hau-waf, inf. tahwif, place on the edge ; — v. inf. iahawu-uf, trim at the edges. ((3^) Mq, u, INF. liauq, surround, encompass, embrace ; also ii. INF. tahwlq, sweep ; polish ; sharpen ; erase, efface, o^ hauq, i hauqa-i, great quan- tity. (J*>=^) haitqal, inf. i , be very old, impotent from old age ; zigzag in walking ; pronounce the phrase ^^ Jf=- "i Id haid-a, &.c. J»)=> Muqal, i , decrepit. (c5)j=.) Ml-, u, INF. hauk, hiydlc, hiydka-f, weave; compose poetry; be firmly impressed on the mind. us!^ Mill-, parsley. (Jy^) /"'^ ^i INF. haul, hu'i'il, pass from one condition to another, change, alter, deteriorate; be crooked ; deviate ; emigrate ; J^ 305 iSlF- come upon, come to ; jump on horseback ; pass, be passed, be over ; intervene, separate ; hinder ; — inf. hu' iU, hiydl, Mydla-t, fail to conceive when covered ; remain barren ; rut ; — Ml, hawil, A, INF. hawal, be contorted, squint ; — ii. inf. tahwH, change, alter (a.) ; trans- port, transfer ; give a letter of change, &c. ; force by execution to payment ; turn the eyes from ; alight ; attempt foolish or impossible things ; — iii. INF. hiwdl, muhdwala-t, wish, desire ; visit (God, punish- ment) ; (m.) make subterfuges, defer payment ; act or speak ambiguously ; change colour ; — IV. INF, ihdla-t, change (a. & n.) ; transfer payment, draw a bill upon, &c. ; utter untruth or absurdities ; be a year old, have lasted for a year, live through the year, &c. ; assault with a whi23 ; pour water from one's own bucket to another ; — V. INF. tahawwul, change, alter (n.), pass from one state or place to another ; remove ; be a double-dealer (m.) ; be served with an execution, have soldiers billeted in one's house ; — VIII. INF. ihtiydl, be sly, cunning, subtle ; scheme, use stratagem, lay traps ; be- guile ; be a year old, &c. ; inf. ihtiivdl, surround ; — ix. ikwildl (also XI. INF. ihwildl), squint; — X. INF. istihdla-t, change (n.); get crooked ; be rugged ; be stupid, absurd, or deem to be so ; become absurd. J^ haul, pi. ahivdl, power ; strength ; stratagem ; change, exchange ; pi. huwftl, hu'ul, ahwdl, year ; j)artition ; haul-a, all round ; — hawal, squint ; — hawil, squinting (adj.); very cunning ; — hiwal, squint ; change, removal ; transport ; prudence ; power ; miracle ; — hill, huwwal, very cautious and cunning, wily; pi. of JfW. hn'il, severing, &c. ; — ii haula-t, power; cunning (s.) ; — /nUa-t, pi. hiU, verycuuning; calamity; miracle; — huwala-t, very cunning. ^^ hauld', f. of Jj=-\ ahwal, squint- ing. ^ ^ (i^f^ hi'ddn, haioaldn, vicissitude. ij^f^ haulaq, INF. ii , jironounce the phrase ^\ J^=- S Id haul-a, &c. (there is no strength nor power but in God). JJ^=- hidal, pi. of Jj^ hVil, sever- ing, separating, &c. t_^j=^ hanla, all around, again; — liauliyy, i, pi. hawdliyy, a year old ; — huwwaliyy, very cun- ning. ic}^) A((m, u, INF. haum, haiva- mdii, fly or run around ; describe circles in the air; — inf. haum, hawamdn, hiydm, hii'um, desire, long for. (•j=» huTn, pi. of ^^ hd'iin, severing, separating, &c. ; — ii liauma-t, pi. haum, bulk and power, depth (as of the sea, &c.) ; din of battle ; — hfima-t, beryl. o'^f^ haumdn, a plant; — ii hau- md-na-t, pi. hamdn, hawdmhi, rugged ground ; a plant ; — hawamdn, inf. of (|*}='). (J^y) haumal, inf. », carry water, be a water-cai-rier ; (m.) pour down abundant rain ; throng and throw down every- thing (crowd). J.*^ haumal, dark rain-cloud ; limpid stream. (iS)^) hawa, I, INF. hayy, haivdya-t, gather, assemble, accumulate, gain ; preserve, guard ; contain ((^ mill); occupy; — v. inp. tahawwi, contract (n.), shrink, coil itself (snake); — viii. inf. ihtiwd', collect, accumulate, pre- serve ; contain ; take possession of ( J^ 'ala). 39 l5r 306 }^ iiJ)^) hawt. A, INF. haw-an, be of dark green or dark red colour ; have nearly black eyes ; — ix. INF. ihwiwd, XI. INF. ihwiwd, id. ; green, be verdant. i^f^ hawwa. Eve ; — haiviyy, "wio takes possession of ; small reser- voir or cistern ; — S hawiyya-t, pi. hawayd, gut, intestine ; fat or caul of the intestines ; small reservoir ; bulk, circumference ; thick cloth placed under the load of a camel. ^■=if^ huwaijij, want ; desire. iif hawiz, able and active. ^.f- hawir, hostility ; — also ii hawt- ra-t, answer. J>^ hawil, anything desired ; in- tention ; aim ; change of place, transport ; security, bail ; testi- mony ; versatility ; — S hawila-t, cunning ; power. (o^) ^ayy, A, (ij*^) hayi, A, inf. hayd', live, be alive ; — hay!, A, INF. hayd', be distinct ; turn in repentance ; be ashamed ; — ii. INF. tahiyya-t, bring to life, keep alive ; say to a person iii\ cs)U=» hayydka Allah-u, may God spare your life ! greet, salute ; — ill. inf. muhdydt, cause to blush ; — iv. inf. ihyd\ bring to life, keep alive, restore to life ; cultivate ; wake all night ; — x. inf. istihyd', spare one's life ; be ashamed ; blush. j_3=- hayy, 5 , pi. ahyd', alive, living ; ashamed, blushing, bashful ; large division of a tribe ; class ; (m.) neighbours of the same tribe ; — distinct, open, good ; pudenda of a woman ; — hayy, inf. of (^}^) ; — hayy, hiyy, pi. of Vs=^ hayd', womb ; — Itayya, V>> ^^ hayya Jiald, here ! come here ! — i hayya-t, pi. hayydt, hayawdt, snake. V,j=^ jjay-an, abundant produce of a year ; rain ; pudenda of a woman; — hayd', shame, bash- fulness, blush ; IxT-shful avoid- ance of a thing ; fear of blame ; rich produce ; rain ; pi. ahyd', ahyiya-t, hayy, hiyy, pudenda of a woman, womb ; — s haydt, life, life-time; shame, bashful- ness. ^W hiydba-t, inf. of (s^^). (^jW=' haydra, pi. of a'^ys^ hairdn. SjW hiydza-t, inf. of (j^). yoW=" hiydd, pi. of i^f hand. IsU=» Mydt, walls, pi. of ia^ hd'it ; — 6 hiydta-t, inf. of Q=f^) ; en- closure ; circumvallatioD, line of fortification. ujlU=> hiydk, weaving (s.) ; — hayydh, weaver ; — i hiydha-t, profession of a weaver. JU=. hiydl, i , INF. of ( J^) ; — hiydl, pi. of JA=. hd'il, severing, separating. a^>=" httdn, pi. of vi>f=- hilt. (li^ji.) hais (hais-u) ; U~=^ haisumd, wherever ; c t>^ "niin hais, ^ y\ hi-hais an, as far as, be- cause, since; (j\ j-? hi-hais an, in a measure as, in a manner that, so that ; vS~rf c hais-a hais-a, dispersed. ^«i*=- haisiyya-t, locality ; ubiquity ; universality ; personal qualities, qualification ; reference, regard ; consideration, dignity, rank. (•is=-) hdd, I, INF. haid, huyiid, haida-t, hayaddn, mahid, haidii- da-t, deviate, remove ; abstract from, disregard ; shun ; — iii. INF. muhdyada-t, avoid, shun; — IV. INF. ihdda-t, avert from ; — VI. INF. iahdyiid, avoid one another. •i«=> haid, pi. huyud, ahydd, hiyad, side towards the looker on ; projection ; anything strongly bent ; — ha id, hid, similar. j-i-s* haidar, S haidara-t, lion, so- briquet of the Caliph Ali ; — S liaidara-t, destruction. ij^Xo. haiduda-t, inf. of (J';^). O^j^^ haiziiwdn, ring-dove. G«=-) ^"''S A, INF. hair, haira-t, hayar, hayardn, be bewildered, 307 J*- perplexed, stunned ; be gone astray ; surge, billow ; — ii. INF. tahyir, perplex, confuse, bewilder ; astonish ; embarrass ; — V. INF. tahayynr, be perplexed, &c. ; form eddies or whirlpools ; be full of water ; — x. inf. istihdra-t, be perplexed, embar- rassed. it^ hair, enclosure, fold ; garden ; asylum, place of refuge ; — s haira-t, inf. of (j<=-), bewilder- ment, embarrassment, Ac. ; — hira-t, Hira; du. Mratan, Hira and Kufa. \;«=^ haird', f. bewildered. t)\r>°" hairdn, f. haira, pi. haydra, huyura, stunned, bewildered, embarrassed ; — hirdn, pi. of /U- M'ir, place where water gathers ; and of j\f=- huwdr, camel's foal ; — hayardn, and — iSjf haira, f. of (^^p^ hairdn ; — hiriyy, native of Hira. (;*=') hdz, I, INF. haiz, drive cattle — V. INF. tahayyuz, coil itself be entirely taten possession of incline, lean sideways ; be at the side of. _)«=> haik, j^ayyiz, pi. ahydx, side ; region, district ; courtyard ; — hiz, pi. ahydz, trace ; stripe, stroke, line. (i^.yt" haizahun, old and cunning. (xT't^) A''«) I) INF. hais, mix ; twist ; — hayis, a, inf. hayas, approach. (j~>e=» hais, dish of mashed dates with milk and butter. (lAs=-) Ms, I, INF. hais, be horror- stricken ; frighten ; walk fast, hasten ; swell, overflow ; — v. INF. tahayyus, flee ; be terri- fied. ((ja«s.) J/,ds, I, INF. hais, haisa-t, huyih, hayasdn, mahds, mahis, deviate, turn aside, flee, shun, ^^jj ijojc. hais hais, complicated matter ; calamity. ((j4s=") had, I, INF. haid, mahdd, mahid, have the meuses ; — inf. y^W=- haid, ooze out a blood-like sup (tree). o4»=^ haid, a, menses; — liuyyad, p\. of (j4>W hd'id, having the menses. hitihi, walls, pi. of !»^ hu.^it. ^^^i!=^ haita-t, htta-t, prudence ; — h'lta-t, guard, custody, care, attendance ; enclosure ; fold ; court-yard; open place; incli- nation, INF. of (t^). ( J«s=^) hai'al, inf. 6 , call to prayer. ('-'*=") hdf, I, iNP. half, be unjust against ( Jc 'ala), wrong. •-A!=> half, injustice, violence, op- pression ; exclamation of rebuke or pity ; — ■ huyyaf, pi. of i-afU hd'if, edge, &c. ; — 6 hlfa-i, pi. hiyaf, side, edge, angle. ((3*=-) hdq, I, INF. haiq, huydq, hayaqdn, surround and take hold of ; be unavoidable ; pene- trate ; — III. INF. muhdyaqa-t, envy ; — iv. inf. ihdqa-t, sur- round ; bring home a crime or artifice to its author. c>4=' haiq, consequence of a wicked action falling back on the per- petrator. Wafts' haiqut, (3^1=a»=. haiqutdii, snijje. («^«=') hdk, I, INF. haik, hayakdn, weave ; strut, swagger ; — inf. haiJc, penetrate ; make an im- pression ; — II. inf. tahyik, weave ; — iv. inf. ihdka-t, id. ; make an impression. (J«^) ^"^ I) ^^^- ^W2/''Z, get changed, transformed ; — v. inf. tahayyul, VI. INF. tahdyul, use stratagem ; beguile. J->=- hail, strength, power, might ; pi. huyiil, ahydl, stagnating water in a ravine ; — » haila-t, flock of small cattle ; — hila-t, pi. hiyal, hildt, hiyaldt, strata- gem ; expedient, device, pre- text, subterfuge ; invention, art (Js^^ 1^ 'ilm al-hiyal, mecha- nics) ; resource. J*- 308 jU jS^a. hailnz, idler. iJ^U^ hailula-t, inf. of (J^). (yT)'') ArJw, I. INF. Mn, hainuna-t, be the proper time, be oppor- tune ; perish ; dry up, wither ; — II. INF. tahyin, iii. inf. mu- hdyanat, v. inf. tahayyun, fix a time or term ; v. watch one's time ; be the proper time ; reach one's term, perish, die. (;>*=^ hain, calamity, visitation, af- fliction ; ruin, perdition, death ; — hi'H, pi. ahyan, pi. pi. ahayin, term, nick of time ; season ; epoch ; hin-an, some day, once ; ahydn-an, from time to time; U'l-hm, instantaneously, at once ; — ii haina-t, hinaf, appointed time. ij^~=" hainfina-t, inf. of (y^s^-). •i2~!=- /una' i:- in, at that very time ; then. oV J9s=" haihal, hayyahal, a salt- plant ; — hayyahal, here ! come here ! uL,\ps^ hayawdt, pi. of hfi- hayya-t. haiwdn, pi. haiwcmdt, ani- mal ; cattle ; beast of burden ; blockhead ; ^'^ c hahvdn ndtiq, rational being ; — hayawdn, any- thing living, life, inf. of (ij»=-) ; ^J haiwdniyy, ', animal (adj.); — h haiwdniyya-t, animality ; stupidity. ^ft:=- hayus, frightened. iyfs^ hayat^=t>^ haydt, life. fjfi=- hayawiyy, « , referring to life ; vital ; snake-like ; belong- ing to the tribe of Hayy. ,j-^ hayi, see (ij=-) ; — hayiyy, bashful, chaste ; — » huyayya-t, small snake ; — i^ haiyiyy, be- longing to the tribe Hayy. C h, as a numeral sign=600; ab- breviation for yS-\ d/iar, and so on, etc.; and for (j~s*^ ham is, Thursday. kioU hdbis, H , impure, vile ; — » hdhisa-t, vileness. j>^ hdbiz, who has bread. y-jVi hdbis, lion. \a>\^ habit, who strides along ; some- liody ; JeU\ t habif al-lail, ghost, spectre, phantom. J>ls. hiibil, disastrous ; being pos- sessed by demons (s.) ; devil, seducer. ajU. hdbba-i, pi. hawdhb, relation- ship, relations, relatives. (^jjU. hdbi', i , frustrated, without success; — ii hdbi'a-t, pi. hawdhi', large jug, jar, cask. j,U'y. hdidm, pi. hairdliiii, seal. yU- fidtir, impostor, cheat ; per- fidious. ^U- hdtam, end, conclusion ; — hdiim, pi. hawdtim, sealing-ring, seal ; end ; the last one ; — » hdtima-t, end, conclusion ; epi- logue ; — tS k(''i''^'^yy> maker of seals. yy^ hdtun, pi. hawdtin, noble lady, matron ; princess ; queen (Tart.). isJW. hdtiya-t, eagle. jjVi hddir, hidden, veiled ; lion. gjU. hddi\ pi. hada'a-t, impostor ; deceiving, deceitful ; clipped (coin). I»jU hddim, pi. hudddm, hadam, hadama-f, servant, slave, eu- nuch ; — !> hddima-t, maid-servant, Ac. ; — h hddimiyya-t, servitude, service. yW- hdzir, who evades justice or a creditor. JoW. hhiJ, pi. hn::dj, hatrdzil, who ,U- 309 J^ forsakes his friend, renounces his religion ; separated from the flock. "T»J^ hdrib, pi. hv.rn'ih, hurri'iba-{, thief, robber ; devastator. gjU. hiirij, i , exterior, external ; rebel ; enemy ; — » hh-ija-t, last word of a page ; cue ; — t5 hdrijiyy, 'i , exterior, external ; provincial ; pi. hawdrlj, rebel, enemy ; usurper ; apostate ; heretic ; upstart. ijOjU. hdris, pi. hurras, who esti- mates the produce of fruit. ^jU- hdriq, i , tearing ; piercing through ; liar ; pi. hawdriq, any- thing extraordinary, unheard of, wonderful. j^jU. hdziq, piercing, tearing ; hitting the mark ; head of a spear. tjjW. hdzin, pi. hazuna-t, treasure!', cashier. j\j,>jU. hdzmddr, pi. hazinddra-t, hdzinddriyya-t, treasurer (Pers.). j^jU. hdzdq, pi. hawdziq, pole, stake (for empaling). i-fl-.V=. hdsif, pi. husuf, thin, lean ; light! ij.»U hdsi', hdsi, remote from men J1.U. hds's, pi. hasi; pedestrian ; — hds-in=i_^^ hdsi. j&U hdsi', i, pi. hussa', humble, modest ; low ; quiet ; moved, touched. ^_y&U. hdsi (JiiVi hds-in), timid, timorous. ycVi hdss, 6 , peculiar, particular, special ; private ; noteworthy ; pure, unmixed, of a fine quality ; attached to or attending on a prince, &c. ; public (as build- ings) ; pi. hawwds, favourite of a prince, person of rank (ij=^^ ^\^\ ^ al-hdss wa 'l-'din, high and low) ; domain, royal revenue ; — E hdssa-t, peculiar quality, pecu- liarity ; essence ; — hdssat-an, in particular, particularly . iyoU. hihlra-t, pi. hawdsir, hypo- chondres. *«*'^ hdssiya-t, pi. hasdyis, peculi- arity ; principle ; particular effi- cacy ; power, energy. tU. hdt, tailor. wJsU. /idtib, pi. huttdh, hutahd', public speaker ; preacher ; — ii. person in grammar ; who pro- mises his child in marriage ; betro'thed. ^Vi hdtir, pi. hawdtir, mind, soul, consciousness ; also E , hdfira-t, thought, idea, notion ; remem- brance ; inclination, choice, will ; — pi. huttdr, visitor, guest. <_iLU. hdtif, pi. hawiitif, robbing, seizing with violence ; wolf ; striking, bhnding (lightning). j_jtU. hdti', f. i , pi. hut id, sinner. (jiiW. hdfid, 6 , pressing down ; who humbles, humiliates ; governing the oblique case ; convenient, commodious, comfortable ; — ii hafida-t, woman who circumcises girls. (J»V=. hdfiq, 'i , beating, throbbing, having jsalpitations, trembling ; glittering ; horizon, du. al-hd- fiqdn, east and west ; pi. al- haivdfiq, the four points of the compass ; — ii hdfiqa-t, setting star. JiU. hdfil, fugitive. iiU. hdfa-t, leathern bag for honey or to serve as a table-cloth. ^U. hdfi (»_iU hdf-in), pi. hawdfi, hidden ; — ii hdfiya-t, same pL, who does everything in secret ; hidden ; pi. demons. yUW. hdqdn, pi. hawdqhi, Emperor of Tartary, emperor, king. JU Ml, pi. ahwdl, ahwila-t, Im'ul, huwwal, hu'ula-t, maternal uncle ; cousin; — pi. hlldii, mole, beauty- spot, patch ; supposition ; infatu- ation, pride, arrogance ; a cloud promising rain ; — hdl-iii, see J^ hdli; — Mil, dispersed, routed; — S hUa-t, paternal aunt; pi. of JfU hd'il, proud. J^ 310 U Si\i. hdlicl, i, eternal, everlasting ; adhering to the spot. ijoJ^ hdlis, i , pi. hullas, pure, unmixed ; sincere ; the best of a thing, essence, extract ; (m.) liberated, free ; — * hdUsa-t, friendship ; true friend ; su- preme court of accounts ; fief, feudal tenure. >-ft!^ hdlif, successor ; the last ; stupid; bad wine; — i hdlifa-t, refractory ; pi. hawdlif, tent- pole. i^\i- hdiliq, creator ; worker in leather ; — h hdliqiyya-t, creative power. y^U. hdli'in, j)l. of ,_s3^ hnT^h mower. Ju. hdi; (JQ. hdl-iii), i , pi. huhiw, empty ; free, vacant, at leisure ; pure, unmixed ; alone ; single ; uncultivated, uninhabited ; past (adj. and s.) ; pi. hdliln, mower. (•^ ham, raw; stallion; — hdmm, putrid, deteriorated ; — i hdma-t, unhealthy place. •i^^ hdmid, expiring ; dead. t/«-*^^ hdmis, fifth. L«U- hdmit, bitter ; of agreeably sourish smell. **^^ hdmi'a-t, pi. AawiifH?', hyena. J^^ h'UaU, pi. hamal, nameless, unrenowned; weak. O^ hhi, pi. hhidt, inn, alighting- place ; shop ; prince (Pers.) ; — » hnna-t, sound ; house ; — inf. of (e^) ; pk of (^^ hi' ill. y^ hdnir, \A. huniuii; true friend. gjU. hu)ii\ ]j1. hunii', hana'a-i, for- nicator ; impious. (3*^ hdniq, pi. /lawdniq, ag. of (^JJ^) ; narrow street, lane, moun- tain-path. jyU. hdiu'iq, pi. haii'diiiq, angina, croup, diphtheria. y\t. hdw-in, (^j^ hdwl, S, emptv, hollow ; uncultivated, unin- habited, deserted ; — h. hdwiyn-t, desert ; wilderness. yU. liiVii\ weak, cowardly ; soft. UfU. /j(('(f, tailor. t-djVi. hii'if, \>\. hinrii'af, huijijiif, hiyyaf, hauf, ag. of {'^f-) ; fugi- tive. JfW. hd'il, pi. hawal, good econo- mist ; husbandman, keeper, herdsman ; servant ; who fancies or imagines ; pi. hdla-t, proud. yl^ hd'in, i hd'ina-t, pi. hdna-f, haivana-f, huwu-dn, betrayer, im- postor ; perfidious ; y^\ yJ^ hu'in al-'ain, lion ; y.««3\ i^jW. hd'ina-t al-'ain, furtive glance. (s-i) hahh, for habib, a, inf. hibb, be an impostor, cheat ; — inf. habb, habab, habib, amble, trot, run ; course along ; — u, inf. hdbb, hibdb, be agitated, surge ; be long and high ; — ii. inf. tahbib, deceive, seduce ; — iv. INF. ihbdb, put to an ambling pace ; — VIII. INF. ihiibdb, amble ; tear oif a strip of cloth. s-^ hab', concealment ; anything concealed; U-J\ t hab' as-samd', rain; ycjSl c hab' al-ard, plants ; — habb, pi. hubftb, billow, wave ; sandhill ; cunning cheat ; — hibb, deceit ; treachery ; billowing of the sea ; — hubb, pi. ahbdb, hub&b, bark of a tree ; — S habba-i, hib- ba-t, hubba-t, pi. hubab, long strip. (Wi) haba', a, inf. hab', ii. tah- bi'a-t, conceal, hide (a.); — v. hide (n.), be concealed ; — viii. INF. ihtibd', hide (a. and n,). W=^ hibd', pi. ahbiya-t, small tent of wool or camel-hair; curtain, veil; case, box; — pL ahbi'a-t, secret brand-mark of a camel ; — ii hvb'a-t, hidden treasure ; — huba'a-t, hiding low. cLjL=. \i yd habds-i, you wretch ! (speakiug to a woman). dil.fi- habdsa-l, ^'Li. fjabdsiyya-i, infamy, depravity, vileness. jW^ habdr, soft loose ground; — hibdr, pi. of \p6. habrd' ; — S habdra-t, knowledge ; informa- tion ; — ^_5 habdra habrd'. i^ habbdx, pi. habbdM-t, habb pi. of Ij-i. I -I'll , Wi 311 /wl* huhasd, i—\^ huhdsa-t, plunder, booty. I=W=i- habdt, plunder; — hibdt, pi. hubut, brand-mark of cattle ; — hubdt, madness. Wi- hihd', tent. J^f^ habul, ruin ; madness ; fault, deformity ; weakness ; deadly poison ; purulent matter flowing from the damned ; fatigue, toil ; family cares ; encumbrances. ^^t^ habdyd, pi. of i^*i. habi'a-t. ^r~!^ habab, amble, pace, trot ; swiftness. >-^i) habt, pi. hubi'it, ahbdt, wide plain, field ; sandy low-land ; — habat, inf. habt, and it. inf. ihbdt, humble one's self before God ; enjoy quiet and peace ; — 6 habta-t, humility. (Jj;-ji.) habtal, nimble little woman. (*i--^) habus, INF. hahs, habdm-t, hahdsiya-t, be rotten, depraved ; — INF. hubs, be impure, vile, perfidious, impious ; be dis- agreeable ; commit fornication with {>-r> bi) ; — iv. inf. ihbds, act infamously; induce to do so, seduce, deprave ; — iv. inf. tabdhus, show one's self vile, perfidious ; beguile, cheat, out- wit ; — X. INF. istihbds, act infa- mously ; find depraved, vile, treacherous, malicious. ki-t^ hubs, fornication ; depravity ; foulness ; malice ; deceit ; — hahas, dross, scoria ; rust ; — ■ hubus, V~.i hubasd, pi. of ^^tn^ kabis ; — is hibsa-t, foulness. (g^) habaj, v, inf. habj, beat, flog ; break wind ; lie with. {ja^ habjar, having a big flabby paunch. (.-.ftrti.) habhab, inf. « , deceive, cheat. gj^ habda', frog. (^) ' habar, u, inf. hubr, Mbra-t, probe, test, learn to know by experience ; — hibr, hubr, hibra-t, hubra-t, mahbara-t, mahbura-i, know by experience, learn, know ; (also IV.) make food fat or greasy ; — habir, a, know ; abound in mouse-holes ; — habar, inf. hubr, be well informed, well versed, know ; — ii. inf. tahbir, IV. inf. ihbdr, inform, make known to, acquaint, report ; — V. INF. fahabbar, know ; ask for information ; question ; — viii. INF. ihtibdr, learn by experience, probe, test ; learn from (y.^ tnin) ; — X. INF. isf ihbdr, ask for information ; question, make inquiries; try to instruct one's self. ^ habr, pi. hubur, large travelling- bag for provender ; milch camels ; ■ — hibr, large travelling-bag ; also hubr, knowledge, information ; — habar, pi. ahbdr, pi. pi. ahdbir, news, intelligence, rumour ; his- tory ; prophecy ; attribute, pre- dicate ; something, anything ; — hahir, S , knowing, well informed ; f. producing lotus ; lotus-tree ; — i hibra-t, hubra-t, knowledge, information ; experience ; pro- bation. \p^ habrd', large travelling-bag for provender ; pi. hibdr, habdra, habdri, habrdwdt, field with lotus-trees ; pool of water round the lotus-tree. (gjjfi) habarbaj, soft and delicate. (Js-^) habar jal, crane (bird). (g;-i.) habra', inf. ' , calumniate, slander, tell tales about. (^j^ss.) habraq, inf. » , split, tear. ^Jp^ habariyy, reporter ; historian ; attributive, predicative ; — ii ha- bariyya-t, report ; story ; history. {■j hi) ; tread down ; beat off leaves ; (also V.) injure, render mad, ruin ; rush blindly into ; sprawl ; travel at night without a secure road ; make a mistake ; catch a cold at the beginning of winter; — II. INF. tahhlt, beat vehe- mently ; — V. INF. iahabbut, see I. ; — VI. INF. tahdhut, beat one another; — vii. inf. inhibdt, be disordered, disturbed (mind) ; — VIII. INF. ihtihdt, see l. ; beat violently ; be shaken, broken, agitated ; feel one's way with hand and foot ; sprawl ; ask for a favour. iM- haht, blow ; — hahat, beaten off leaves ; — hiibiit, pi. of t.W=- hihnt and Wf=- habit ; - — i habta-t, error, mistake; — hibta-t, re- mains of milk or food ; pi. hihat, a number of houses. (j^) haba', K,\^v.hah', conceal; — INF. /i"b'^', not t(i lie able to speak from crying. (ui-oM-) ihba'af?, inf. i/ihi'.^ii.^, step along like a lion. (jJaM- /laba'saii, /laha'sin, i, big and strong ; lion. (-.x*i) haVaj, INF. ii , walk with short steps, (^-d.) hahaq, I, INF. habq, break wind ; deem another lower than one's self, despise. (isX-i), VIII. ihtabah, inf. ildihdl:, tighten the belt or girdle. (Jt^) hahal, inf. habl, drive out of one's Senses, madden ; maim ; — TJ, bind, fetter, imprison ; weaken ; — i, inf. habl, hinder, prevent ; — habil. A, inf. hahdl, be mad, out of mind ; be maimed or lamed ; — ii. inf. tahhil, mad- den ; maim, lame, weaken; — v. INF. tahahbul, be mad, maimed, weakened ; — viii. inf. ihtibdl, madden. J<^ hahJ, borrowed money ; sup- pression of the second and fourth letters of a foot when both are quiescent ; pi. hubnl, palsy, hemijjlexy ; utter weak- ness of the limbs ; also hiM, madness ; — huhl, mind, heart, thought ; — habal, palsy ; epi- lepsy; madness; — Aa6(7, mad. (o-f^) huhan, i, inf. haljn, hibda, sew in a garment ; store se- cretly corn or provender for a time of want ; — viii. inf. ihtibdn, hide in one's bosom. y<^ Aabn, suppression of the second letter of a foot when it is quiescent; — S hubna-t, pi. /m6a», armful ; trowser-belt. (^■^■M- hahanda, pi. habdnid, i. S\Ai-i. habaiulit, pi. habandaydt, having strong sinews ; — //;- banda, inf. ihbindd', have strong sinews. ()^) habd, u, inf. habw, huhuww, be extinguished, put out, expire, subside ; — iv. inf. ihbd\ ex- tinguish ; calm, terminate. ^}ft^ hubiira-t, information, com- munication. J^ hubill, maiming (s.) ; amputa- tion. (o-^)> II' habha, inf. iahbiya-t, pitch a small tent. ;_j*i hahi', hidden, concealed; — & /«(&/////(»-/, hidden treasure; hid- ing-place, ambush, o^ 313 0^ ■i-tM*. habib, cleft in the ground ; — ii habiba-t, strip, slice. •■^-^ habis, i , pi. hubiis, hubasa , impure, jile, malicious, perfidi- ous ; ■ — S habisa-t, pi. hahd'is, prostitute ; pi. habd'is, infamous actions; ^\ f,\ umm al-habd'is, wine ; — hibbis, very vile, &c. ; — ts Mbbisa, impurity, vileness, malice. jirt^ habir, 6 , knowing, well in- formed ; experienced, skilful ; farmer; ploughman. jjM^ habh, bread ; mallow. "J— «i habisa-t, plunder, booty. yfi*-!^ haiis, i habisa-t, dish of dates with flour and butter. ^^i~t<^ habit, stamping the foi'e-foot ; pi. hubut, hlow; trodden, stamped upon ; thick milk. 'iS**!'- habi'a-t, anything hidden. C'-^^) h'^'iit vigorous lance-thrust ; dispatching thrust ; — iv. inf. Mat, give to anyone less than his due ; blush, be ashamed. (^) hata', A, INF. hat', prevent, hinder ; — viii. inf. inhitd' , deceive; be afraid or ashamed and conceal one's self. .ba. hattur, great impostor, de- ceiver, cheat. gbii- hitd', glove. f,\^&. hatdm, sealing (s.) ; — hitdm, sealing-wax ; conclusion ; pi. hutum, joint of a horse. yUi hitdti, circumcision ; feast of circumcision ; wedding ; — hat- tdn, who circumcises; — S hitd- na-t, profession of such. {f^) hatar, i, u, inf. hair, hutur, deceive villainously, betray ; be disordered in mind or drunk ; — V. INF. tahattxir, id. ; be lax, lazy, weak ; walk lazily. ^ii hatr, perfidy, treachery, guile. (vy^) hatrab, inf. i , cut into pieces. (^y^) hatraf, inf. » , cut or beat off. (jsysi) hutraq, wormwood. (fyd.) hatram, inf. 5 , be silent. (C^) hata'. A, inf. hat', hutH', travel, depart, set out ; travel at night on the straight road ; fall upon ; flee, escape ; hasten ; limp ; disappear. 2^^ huta', hyena ; also hati', skilful guide. _j«ii hat'ar, inf. S , disappear. J^^ hatal, V, I, INF. hail, hataldn, deceive, cheat, outwit ; hide (n.) for an attack ; — iii. inf. muhd- tala-t, treat insidiously, deceive ; — VI. INF. tahdtul, deceive one another ; — & hatla-t, covered position ; corner of a wall. (-Jj:i) hatlam, inf. ii ; take clan- destinely. (l«.si) hatam, i, inf. hatm, hitdm, seal, put one's seal beneath ; obstruct the mind ; — inf. hatm, conclude, terminate ; read the Koran all through ; close (n.) ; — II. INF. tahtim, seal ; — iii. INF. rmihdtama-t, bring to a conclusion, terminate ; — iv. INF. ihtdm, lock, shut up ; — v. INF. tahattuni, put the seal- ring on one's finger ; — vii. inf. inhitdm, be finished, concluded ; — VIII. INF. ihtitdm, conclude, finish, read the Koran to the end. ,«J3. hatm, sealing (s.) ; honey; pi. hutum, seal, impression of a seal ; — hatam, sealing-wax ; sealing-ring ; pi. hatamdt, end, termination, conclusion ; — hu- tum, pi. of |»^ hitdm ; — » hatma-t, pi. hatamdt, sealing (s.) ; epilogue ; — (^ haimiyy, concluding, conclusive. (yJ^) hatan, I, u, INF. hatn, cir- cumcise ; cut off ; — III. INF. muhdtana-t, become related with another by one's wife; — viii. INF. ihtindn, get circumcised. y.;is. hatn, circumcision ; — hatan, pi. ahtdn, nearest relative of one's wife ; father-in-law, bro- ther-in-law, son-in-law ; — » httna-t, feast or present on the 40 ya. 314 \J occasion of circumcision — hata- na-t, mother- or sister-in-law. (y^) /'«'"". U, INF. hatw, VIII. INF. ihtitiV, hang down one's head. jy^ hattii; deceiver, betrayer; — hutur, deceit ; betrayal. Jy°- hcitul, perfidious, treacherous. df'^ hatnn, relationship on the wife's side. u!~.^ hatit, bad, spoiled, faulty ; deteriorated goods. }!r^ hath; deceiver, ^.si hati'a-t, pi. hatd'i', thimble; thumb-stall of an archer. (;>!>;!=- hatin, circumcised, (^i-^), II. hassas, isv.tahsis, gather; mend, fit ; — ii hussa-t, hassa-t, bundle of sticks. ^Ui. hvsdr, 6 husih-a-t, remains of food; rest. (^jUi) husdrim, who perceives bad omens ; thick-lipped. (jii) hasar, inf. hasr, husur, co- agulate, curdle ; be troubled, confused ; — hasir, a, curdle ; be put to shame; — hasur, inf. hasdra-t, husnra-t, curdle ; ■ — ii. INF. tahsir, coagulate (a.), cause to curdle ; thicken ; — iv. inf. ih^dr, coagulate (a.). (J^) ho-^l, ', paunch-bellied; — S hasla-t, hasala-t, abdomen. (,»J-i=-) haslam, be mixed up, brought into confusion ; take away clan- destinely. (l^i^) hasam, u, inf. /icifiit, beat flat ; — ^ns'"', a, inf. /lasain, have a flat nose and a broad root of the ear ; be broad, large ; be blunted; — ii. ixp. ta/isiin. flatten. ^»ii- hasim, having a flat nose, broad ears. ((j^) ho-iCi I) INF. hasy, drop excrement; — viii. inf. ifitisd', turn pale (with fear). (g=.) hajj, INF. /lajj, drive away, repel, turn off ; sjilit, tear ; be contorted; lie witji; ease the bowels ; (also viii.) raise dust ; — viii. INF. ihtijdj, speed along with a curved body (camel). (W=-) haja', A, INF. haf, beat ; draw to an end ; lie with ; be vanquished, tamed ; — 1^*==^ haji't A, INF. haja', grow ashamed ; talk wantonly ; — vi. be thick ; hesitate in walking ; — i hajdt, pi. haja, dirt ; vileness ; dirty ; vile. *=-W^ hajjdja-t, blockhead. O^&i hijd.f, pi. of i-^as^ hajif. i^\sf^ hijdla-t, putting to shame, shame, bashfulness, modesty. (t^) hajar, foul breath ; ■ — hijiri; voracious ; cowardly. (i-Assc.) hajf, levity ; pride. ( J-^) hcijii) A, INF. hajal, be silent from shame or confusion ; be ashamed, blush; be luxuriant, complicated, overcharged, over- bearing ; — II. INF. iahjil, IV. INF. i/ijdl, put to shame and confusion; — tii. inf. inhijdl, pass, of the previous. JjM- hajal, i Imjla-t, shame, con- fusion ; — hajil, bashful, modest : luxuriant ; worn out. (jl^^ hajldii, ashamed, confused. E^=5i- hvji'tj, whirlwind. o^»^ /icyV, see (U-i) ; — haja, pi. of SWi- l.ajdt. oi.v!ss. hajif. pi. .-J^&i hij'if, thin, slim. (.\i.) hadd, u, INF. hadd, split, cut ; furrow ; impress ; — ii. inf. tahdid, split, cut, tear ; (also v.) grow thin, shrink, be wrinkled ; — V. INF. lahaddud, see ii. ; be split. •i^ hadd, 1^1. hiidiid. cheek; pi. hiddd, ahidda-t, hidddn, furrow, track ; road ; trace ; troop ; broad side of a camel's litter ; — ' hndda-t, pi. hndad, cheek ; furrow. v>^Ai hadddb, liar. o\a<. hiddd, brand-mark on the cheek. oM'^ Itaddrin, pi. of ^ijj^ hadar- naq. 315 'j^-*^ haddra-t, chastity. ^S^^^ huddriyy, 'i , black, dark ; — 2 huddriyya-t, an eagle. ^^"^.^ hidds, scratching (s.). g^>»i haddd', impostor, cheat; i , deceptive ; — * . y^-^i- haddfir, Ji^.ii haddfil, worn- out clothes. ^\.ii. hadddm, », skilful in serving; servant; — hudddm, servants, pi. of ^ jW. ; — * . y\j^ hiddn, good comeradeship ; — hidddn, pi. of Jus- hadd. (v^) hadab, tt, inf. hadb, wound the flesb ; bite ; tell a lie ; milk frequently ; — v. inf. tahadduh, be forward and talkative. J.ii- hudad, pi. of 5J^ hudda-t. (g>\=.) hadaj, u, i, inf. hiddj, mis- cai-ry. (j-^) hadar, tr, inf. AatZr, keep a girl continually in seclusion ; remain, stay, abide ; remain behind ; get confused ; — hadir, A, INF. hadar, be or get be- numbed ; be secluded ; remain in the thicket ; — ii. inf. tahdtr, benumb ; keep secluded ; drug into sleep with opium ; — iv. inf. ihddr, keep secluded ; — V. INF. tahaddur (also vii. inf. inhiddr, viii. inf. ihtiddr, ix. INF. inhidrdr), be benumbed ; — T. and VIII., keep secluded, hidden. jAi hidr, pi. hudur, ahddr, pi. pi. ahddir, curtain, veil ; women's apartment ; alcove, closet ; den, lair ; back of a saddle ; — hadar, numbness ; stupefaction ; indif- ference ; rain ; — • hadir, » , be- numbed ; wet ; dark ; — S hud- ra-t, darkness. 0\jjus. hadrdn, benumbed. (gjjii.) hadra', inf. » , hasten. (jSjJus- hadarnaq, pi. haddrin, male spider. ^_5_)jki. hudariyy, » , very black. ( jiijii) hadas, i, inf. hads, hudu^, scratch, scrape ; — ii. inf. tahdis, do so violently. u^-^ hads, i> , pi. hudu^, scratch ; rebuke ; — hadis, alarm. (S"^) hada', a, inf. had', hid', cover, hide ; deceive, outwit ; not be plentiful ; refuse a gift ; be dull (market) ; bo sunk ; set ; dry up ; creep or slip into the hole ; differ, be in contradic- tion ; fold up ; — III. INF. hidd', muhdda'a-f, outwit or try to outwit ; leave iu the lurch ; — V. INF. tahaddu', contemplate deceit ; hide (n.) ; — vi. inf. tahddu', try to outwit one an- other ; pretend to be outwitted ; — VII. INF. inhidd', be or allow one's self to be outwitted ; — yiii. INF. ihtidd', deceive, outwit. g-ii had', hid', 'i , deceit ; — hadi', deceiver ; — hudu', pi. of g^Jii- hadd' ; — » huda'a-t, pi. huda', deceiver, cheat ; time ; destiny. (i_iai.) hadaf, i, inf. hadf, walk with short quick steps ; live in affluence; cut; snow. v-*.ii hadf, oar, rudder, helm ; — * hidfa-t, pi. hidaf, rent in a gar- ment. (Ji.ii) hadfal, inf. S , put on a worn-out garment. (J"^) hadil, A, INF. hadal, hadd- la-t, hudida-t, be plump and round, have plump and round limbs. jAi. hadl, 6 , plump and round. Sjss. hadld', ^a=!.^ hadallaja-t, *iJk»- hidlim, ^.ii hadla-t, hidla-t (pi. hiddl), having plump and round limbs (f.). ((♦•s^) hadam, v, i, inf. hadma-t, hidma-t, serve ; — ii. inf. tahdim, make one's servant, have one's self served by (ace.) ; have white legs (horse, sheep) ; — iv. inf. ihddni, give for a servant, have one served ; take as a servant ; — VIII. INF. ihtiddm, serve one's self ; — X. INF. istihddm, have one's self served ; take into ser- vice ; ask for a servant. foi^ hadam, servants, pi. of |»oU. 316 hddim ; — 6 hadma-t, an hour ; — hidma-t, pi. hidani, service ; office ; official duty ; work ; present to a king or suj)erior, gift of homage ; — hadama-t, pi. hadam, hidam, hiddm, hadamut, bracelet ; strap of a camel's shoe ; leg ; assembly ; pi. of I»jU. hddim. (yAi) hid7i, (^.■i^ hadin, pi. ahd&n, of equal age, coeval ; friend, comrade; — in. hddan, inf. mu- hddana-t, treat as a friend ; — * hudana-t, friend of everybody. gj.^ hadii', pi. huda', deceitful, deceptive. («^Ai. hadum, servant (m. f.). (ts-i^) hada, I, inf. hady, hadaydn, walk apace. djijijas. hudaidiyya-t, small cushion. S^jifi. hadira-t, leading a chaste and secluded life (f.). ^.^^i- hadi'a-t, pi. kadd'i', deceit, treachery. l*i'i^ hadim, hiddim, f . i , servant. {jii^ hadin, see (t)"^). ^jifi. fiidiw, prince (KJaedive, Pers.) ; — tS /ijdiwiyy, princely. Ji. h^iz, take! imp. of {■^\). (Jul.) hazz, u, INF. haziz, suppurate, fester. (\jii.) haza', A, INF. haz', huziV, humble one's self, submit, obey ; — ^^-ii hazi', a, inf. haza', id. ; — X. INF. istihzd', submit, obey. jj\jii. hvzdriq, purgative water. i_flj|j^ii. hazdrif, pi. of <_*jj^ huznif. fti^ii- hazdrim, j)l. rags, tatters. JUi huzzdJ, pi. of JJU. A<(-'!7, who forsakes his friend, &c. 4.»\ Ji. huzdma-t, slice, morsel. (tJjJBi-) hazraf, inf. ii , walk apace, speed, hurry ; stir up the gravel ; fill ; sharpen ; maim, (^^jkii.) hazarnaq, pi. hazdrin= ^^jjai. hadarnaq ; penis. ,_i^_)ji huzri'if, pi- hazdrif, running fast; spinning-top. (gous.) ^acn'. A, INF. /laz', cut, shred, hash. gjkrf gAi Au-a' »)w>a', dispersing in all directions, helter-skelter. (u-^Si.) haz'ab, INF. » , cut, shred. (JcJ>i) 'hiz'il, stupid woman '. i , cut into small fling drop haz'al, slices. (._*A=.) hazaf, I, INF. hazf, away. (jA=.) hazaq, i, u, inf. Aarg excrement ; urge on ; spur. jAi hazq, excrement, dung. (Jji-.) hazal, V, inf. ^az?, hizldn, leave in the lurch, forsake ; remain behind ; — ii. inf. tahzil, cause to forsake ; — in. inf. muhdzala-t, leave helpless in the lurch; — vi. inf. tahdzul, leave one another in the lurch ; — VII. INF. irti^i'ri?/, find one's self helplessly forsaken and flee. J^ hazl, abandonment ; — i haza- la-t, pi. forsaken ones ; — /; uza- la-t, who leaves frequently in the lurch. yS^ hizldn, forsaking, leaving in the lurch (s.) ; desertion ; cow- ardice. (^JAi) hazlam, inf. », hasten (n.). ((•Ji) hazam, i, inf. hazm, cut, cut into pieces ; clutch ; — hazim, A, INF. hazam, be cut off, lopped ; be drunk ; hasten (n.) ; — ii. inf. tahzim, cut well ; — iv. inf. ihzdin, intoxicate; — v. inf. tahazzum, cut ; be cut off. («j^ hazim, cutting, sharp; swift; worn-out; liberal. (jAs.) hazd, y, INF. haztf, be flaccid, flabby, pendulous ; be fat. ji=- huzd, submissiveness. (•jj^ hazilm, sharp ; swift. is^^) hazi. A, INF. haz-an, hang down flabbily; — x. inf. istihzd', humble one's self ; treat kindly. O'^ hvzayy, donkey. •^■^ haziz, suppuration. ^i^^ hazi'a-t, hashed meat. ft^A^ fiazim, cut off ; drunk. (/■) /;<"•)•, I, u, inf. harir, ripple; roar ; buzz ; snore ; — i, u, inf. harr, hurur, fall, fall from on 317 V/- high ; prostrate one's self in adoration; split, cut; attack from an ambush ; die. ;*■ h^irr, hole in the millstone to put the corn in ; pi. hirara-t, channel ; gutter ; — hur\ pi. hunV , hur'dn, also — \^ hird', excrement. ^j^ hardb, pi. ahriha-t, hirah, noun of unity i haroba-t, pi. hardbdt, devastation ; ruin, de- struction ; wilderness; robbed, devastated, deserted; — i hui-iU ba-t, rope of palm-leaves ; — also harrdba-t, hurraba-t, eye of a needle; — h hardbiyya-t, devasta- tion, e^ji hardj, hurdj, pi. ahrija-t, poll- tax ; land-tax ; tax ; tribute ; public revenue ; — hurdj, hui-rdj, eruption of the skin ; tumour, abscess ; — harrdj, rich in ex- pedients ; prudent, cunning. u^^\^ hardjjiyy, pi. S , tax- gatherer. _)\;i- harrdr, murmuring, rippling ; — S harrdra-t, spinning-top ; waterfall, cascade ; (m.) sink. ij-S!;^;^ hardrit, pi. of uw/- hirrit. ■^f- harrdz, cobbler ; shoe-maker ; belt-maker. U^^f- harrds, maker of jugs. yL,\jc. hurdsdn, Khorasan ; — (^ hurdsdniyy, tj-^j=- hurdsiyy, of Khorasan. ij5i\y^ hirds, irritation ; pi. ahrisa-t, brand-mark of a camel; — hurds, scar ; — 8 hurdsa-t, filings ; — j^ kardsiyy, pi. of V*^ hirdd'. ^jo\j£. harrds, liar ; — hurras, pi. of jjOjU. hdris, who estimates the produce of fruit; — i hirdsa-t, emendation, reparation. Uji harrdt, tumour ; maker of boxes, spindles, &c. ; who puts a false construction on an- other's speech, liar ; — * ; — 5 hirdta-t, trade of a turner ; (m.) sill.' *et\;i Ifardtim, pi. of f*^/- hur{um. yjs^ji- hardfin, pi. earth-worms. '-'V" ll"''''/' h^i'''/-! gathering of fruit ; — ■ 8 hurdfa-t, gathered fruit ; wonderful tale, fairy tale, funny story ; witticism. (»\;^ hurrdm, pi. obdurate sinners; — ii hardma-t, inf. of (f*/^). J^^/" hard mil, pi. old clothes. (s-*;^) harab, i, inp. harb, devas- tate, destroy, demolish, depopu- late ; turn a robber ; strike on or wound the ear ; pierce ; split, tear; — inp. harh, harab, hard- ba-t, hirdba-t, steal camels ; — harib. A, inf. hardb, be devas- tated, &e. ; INF. harab, have the ear split ; — ii. inp. tahrlb, de- vastate, destroy, ruin ; (m.) injure, spoil; — iv. inf. ihrdb, id. ; — • V. INF. taharrub, vii. iNP. Inhirdb, get devastated, destroyed ; — x. inp. istihrdb, wish to destroy. s-"/- harb, round hole ; eye of a needle ; — harab, devastation, ruin ; degeneration of religion ; pi. ahrdb, hirdb, hirhdn, male bustard ; — harib, devastated, depopulated ; — ii harba-t, pi. harabdt, sieve ; also hurba-t, any round hole ; eye of a needle ; hollow of the ear ; handle of a travelling-bag, travelling-bag ; — hirba-t, pi. hirab, devastated place, ruin ; — haraba-t, fault, default, want ; vileness ; — hari- ba-t, pi. -dt, harib, hard'ib, de- vastated place. ^ji harbd', split, slit (adj. f.). ybjiS. hirbdn, pi. of v»/- harab ; — hiribbdn, cowardly. (•ijji-) hurabid, sour milk. {y.f-) hirbiz, water-melon. (lt^/-) harbas, inf. S , spoil, ruin ; (also II. INF. taharbus), write badly, scribble ; (m.) scratch ; — ii harbas'a-t, scribble, scrawl. (jo>ys. harbas, inf. 5 , eat off all the herbage ; carry off everything ; distinguish between ; separate from one another, (lajji) liarbaf, inf. put out of order, sy- 318 }f^ spoil ; put into bad humour ; — II. INF. iaharbut, pass, of the previous. (tj}/-) harhaq, inf. », hirldq, bring out of order, spoil ; cut, tear ; walk fast ; break wind ; — iii. INF. ihrinhdq, sneak in ; steal ; (m.) crouch, sit on the hind legs. (Jiji harhuq, hellebore. ^jAii^^ harhandiyy, pi. ' , ass-driver, muleteer (Pers.). (•^f-) ha rat, V, inf. hart, pierce, make holes ; — harit. A, inf. harat, know the roads well to serve as a guide. uyji hurt, pi. hurnt, ahrdt, hole ; eye of a needle ; hollow of the ear. M^ harm', woman with loose flesh and big hips. i*»j=. harsama-t, tip of a toe ; top of a shoe. ^Jf' harsiyy, lumber ; booty. is/-) Aarry, r, inf. huruj, niahraj, come out, come forth, issue (n.), go aside ; terminate, come to an issue ; revolt ; be an exception to a rule; — inf. huruj, get informed, instructed ; — ii. inf. tahrij, cause to come out, &c. ; instruct, educate ; (m.) sub- tract ; — III. INF. mvhdraja-t, divide by lot; — iv. inf. ihrdj, muhraj, make come out ; take or draw out ; expel ; translate ; demand or pay tribute ; sub- tract ; — V. INF. taharnij, be educated, educate one's self; — VIII. INF. ihtirdj, bring out, produce, derive ; — ix. inf. ihrijdj, be spotted black and white ; — x. inf. istihrdj, make come out, make to spring from, ask one to bring out ; draw out ; derive ; extract, distil ; get as result of a calculation ; translate ; require tribute ; — XI. inf. ihrijdj = ix. e/- haij, h^irj, pi. ahrdj, a/{rija-t, al}drij, produce, income ; ex- penditure, costs ; tribute ; (m.; assistance, subsidies ; requisites of a workman ; mortar ; cement ; fit, convenient ; — fturj, pi. hira- ja-t, portmanteau, large travel- ling-bag ; — haraj, mixture of white and black ; — huruj, pi. of Ej^ harnj ;. — S huraja-t, who goes frequently in and out. Wf- harjd', f. of e/-\ ahraj, spotted white and black. ^f' harjiyya-t, means of sub- si stance ; what one is able to spend. j^f' k'^i'hdr, running water. (/-/») harhar, inf. 5 , produce a rattling noise ; — ii. inf. tahar- hur, id. ; waddle. f-f' hirhir, jf'f' harhiir, yielding much milk ; effeminate ; — ^S hirhiriyy, thin, weak. (•^Z") harid, a, inf. harad, be intact ; be very chaste ; behave bashfully, keep a modest silence or speak with modesty ; — iv. inf. ihrdd, be bashful, and, by opposition, be inclined to sport and jest. J;^ harad, bashful silence ; — hurud, hurad, hurrad, pi. of •is/!- harid; — » hurda-t, small goods (Pers.). (^^JWji) harddziyy, wine. (_s=-^/. hurdajiyy, pi. i , haber- dasher. (v3-*/^) hardaq, broth; — hurduq, small shot ; — hence hardaq, inf. » , disperse (a.) ; — ii. inf. taharduq, disperse (n.). (J'V^) hardal, mustard, mustard- seed ; cress ; — » hardala-t, grain of mustard-seed. Jjj=- hardal, inf. 6 , hash meat ; eat the best of a dish. hf' hirara-t, pi. river-beds. ijf-) haraz, v, i, inf. harz, sew with the awl; stitch together; mend, patch, cobble ; — hariz, a, inf. haraz, do one's work well, establish solidly. Jj* 319 J/- haraz, small shells or beads for ornament ; ^^\ t haraz az-zahr, spine ; — ii hurza-t, pi. hiiraz, stitch of an awl ; — haraza-t, jewel, pearl ; ^\ j haraza-t al- hi'r, parapet of a well. <-i^jy^ hirzdf, « hirzdfa-t, who sits in company in an improper manner ; great talker. («-*3yi-) harzaf, inf. S , tremble in walking. (u^)^) haris, a, inf. haras, drink from the cask ; be dumb ; — II. INF. tahris, make dumb, create dumb ; prepare food for a confined woman ; — iv. inf. ihrds, make dumb, strike dumb ; — V. INF. taharrud, prepare for one's self food fit for a confined woman. ij-]^ hars, Mrs, pi. hurus, wine- cask ; — hurs, i hursa-t, food for a confined woman ; banquet on account of the birth of a child ; hurs, pi. of u-'/'\ ahras, dumb ; — haras, dumbness ; — 5 hursa-t, confined woman. U»^ harsd', f. yV-.^ hursdn, pi. of (j-^^ ahras, dumb. yU-.^ huristdn, cupboard in a wall. (jSiji) hara^, i, inf. hars, also VIII, inf. ihtird.^, scrape, scrape ofE ; draw the camel towards one's self ; earn a sustenance for one's family. ijiaf- hara§, pi. hurus, lumber ; — » harasa-t, a fly. ^j£- hirsd, pi. hardsiyy, spittle ; foam ; phlegm ; thin skin on the milk ; slough ; broken egg- shell. (wiV&yi) hirMf, very rough, im- passable ground. (i_.4y5.) hardab, inf. ii , perform negligently, laungle, daub. •-r^f- hurhib, big, stout, fat ; hard, rough. &t«>j& j^ar^a'a-t, pi. haria', hardsi', small mountain-top. ^AAjd. hars'uf, ^^^ harsuf, arti- choke. ((•j*';=^) hurhhn, rocky mountains ; high mountain ; very rugged ground; (m.) groove in upper lip between mouth and nose. (l/°/") haras, i, inf. hars, estimate the produce oi a palm-tree, &c. ; rate a number approximately ; give one's opinion ; lie, speak untruth ; dam in a river ; — inf. hirdsa-t, mend, put to rights again ; — haris, a, inf. haras, starve ; — m. inf. muhd- rasa-t, give in exchange; — v. INF. taharrus, calumniate ; — viii. INF. ihtirds, forge lies ; put into a bag, pocket. (wj^) hars, Mrs, hurs, lance of reed or its head ; — Mrs, esti- mation of the produce ; sup- position, surmise, opinion ; — Mrs, hurs, leafless palm-branch ; travelling-bag, basket ; pi. hir- sdn, ring; wooden stopple; — hurs, huvas, hurus, pi. ahrds, piece of wood for taking out the honey ; — haris, starving. l^ji. hurda-t=i'^f- hurda-t, small goods. (tji) harat, v, i, inf. hart, shell, strip oft' bark, leaves, berries ; deflower; lie with; turn (on a lathe) ; send, let loose, let down ; purge ; break wind ; (m.) forge lies, invent stories, chatter ; be restive and run away ; yield turned or watery milk on ac- count of sickness ; — ii. inf. tahrit, purge ; — viii. inf. inhi- rdt, be turned (on a lathe) ; be strung up ; be slender, slim, light ; walk fast ; travel far ; sttempt a thing without suf- ficient knowledge ; insult in words or deeds ; — viii. inf. ihtirdf, unsheathe ; strip a bunch of grapes by drawing it through the mouth ; — x. inf. istihrdf, cry violently and un- ceasingly ; — XIII. inf. ihritowdf, ^y^ 320 0;^ get entangled ; be long ; extend (n.) ; walk or travel fast. (L.J&) hart, turning (on a lathe, s.) ; — hirt, male partridge ; — hurt, pi. of !=^/- hariit. (^fif-) hartal, oats. (yiiji) hartas, inf. is , scribble. {f^f') hurtum, jil. haratim, nose, snout; — hartam, inf. i , strike on or take by the nose ; — iii. INF. ihrintdm, be proud ; be angry. (.y=j~. hurtum, pi. hdrutim, trunk, snout, muzzle, nose ; ugly face ; sucking pipe of a pump, &c. ; spout. itf-) hai'a', A, INF. har', split, break; — hari', a, inf. hara', be weak, relaxed, split, broken, sprained ; — haru', inf. hir', huriV, hard'u-t, have weak or relaxed limbs, be weak ; — ii. INF. tahri\ relax (a ), lame ; discourage; — vii. inf. inhira', be split, broken, relaxed, weak, sprained ; — viii. inf. ihtird', split (a.) ; derive ; invent ; pro- duce, frame, create ; perform anything new. gji har', incision ; relaxation, weakness ; — hari', weak, re- laxed. (s-cy-) har'ah, also ^y=/- hiir'iib, 'i Mir'uha-t, fresh branch; deli- cate, slim, and at the same time full girl. {'-if^') haraf, v, inf. harf, hard/, hirdf, mahraf, cull or gather fruit; pass, be moistened with autumn rains ; — harif, a, inf. haraf, be out of mind, delirious, dote ; — hariif, inf. hardfa-i, id. ; — II. inf. tahrif, deem or declare weak-minded or imbe- cile ; — IV. INF. ihrdf, spoil ; have ripe dates; — VIII. inf. ihtirdf, cull. ^f- harf, slender she-camel ; — haraf, delirium ; dotage ; a bad iiind of date ; — harif, imbe- cile, idiotic, doting, delirious ; — i hurfa-t, autumn fruit ; — hurafa-t, fairy tale, funny story, &c. yUji. harfdn, dotard ; — hirfdn, pi. of «-»ji/^ huriif. (gj^) harfaj, inf. », take or contain much ; — hurfaj, 5*V^ hirfij, abundance ; — hurafij, fat. (lA*j^) harfaj, inf. ' , mix, mix up, confuse ; speak confusedly. (i3iji.) harfaq, mustard seed ; cress. ^_5S/- harfa, peas ; — harfiy, hirfiyy, autumnal. (li/-) haraq, u, i, inf. harq, tear ; to fill ; open a way, travel over ; permeate, forge lies, lie ; inf. huruq, stop indoors ; — hariq, A, inf. haraq, stop indoors ; act awkwardly or foolishly; cower; • — harnq, inf. hardqa-t, manage badly ; be stupid, foolish ; — II. INF. tahriq, tear violently ; lie with impudence ; (m.) stop indoors; cower; — v. inf. ta- harruq, be torn, pierced, crip- pled ; have rents ; spend all one has ; forge lies ; — vii. inf. inhirdq, get torn, get impreg- nated, drenched, &c. ; — viii. inf. ihtirdq, make one's self a way ; blow through ; pierce through; forge lies ; — xii. inf. ihr'iqdq, be torn. li/s. harq, rent, cleft, split ; soV*!\ c harq al-'dda-t, anything out of the way, extraordinary ; pi. huritq, tract exposed to the winds, desert ; — hirq, pi. ahrdq, hurrdq, hvrnq, very liberal, open handed ; a handsome noble youth ; — kurq, awkwardness, stupidity ; misplaced harshness ; pi. of ^if-\ a/fraq, awkward, &c. ; — haraq, being out of one's senses with fear or shame ; apathy ; — hariq, i , out of one's senses with fear or shame ; senseless, apathetic; awkward, clumsy ; — huruq, pi. of ^JHf- J/- 321 ^Z- hariq ; — hurraq, pi. hardriq, sparrow ; — 8 hirqa-t, pi. hiraq, rag, tatter ; strip of cloth ; garment made of patches ; gar- ment of a penitent. i&Uji harquha-t, tent. (J^/^) harqal, inf. S , aim well and hit. «V5^ harMh, » harkdha-t, tent (Pars.), (r;^) haram, i, inf. harm, unsew ; cut oif ; pierce the partition of the nose ; deviate ; — harim, A, INF. haram, have the partition of the nose or the ear pierced ; — harum, inf. hardma-t, talk or act at random ; live extra- vagantly ; — II. INF. tahrim, unsew ; embroider ; enchase ; — V. INF. taharrum, be unsewn ; be torn ; eradicate ; rush into extravagance and follies ; (m.) be embroidered, enchased ; — VII. INF. inhirdm, be torn ; break (n.) ; — VIII. INF. ihtirdm, carry off ; cut off. ff' harm, hurm, pi. hurum, tower- ing mountain-top ; suppression of a short syllable in the be- ginning of a verse ; — hurm, pi. hurum, (m.) eye of a needle ; hurm, pi. (^^ harmd\ f.) of ftj^\ ahram, haying the partition of the nose or the ear pierced ; — 6 harama-t, pierced partition of the nose ; — hurrama-t, bean. (,_;~«y5.) hirmis, dark night ; — iii. t_r^yi-\ ihraminas, inf. ihrimmds, ihrinmds, humble one's self, sub- mit, cringe ; keep silent. ((_r^/^) harmas, inf. 6 , scribble over, spoil ; efface ; (m.) scratch, (u^/-)) t/"/-^ ihramass, inf. ih- rimsds, keep silent. ( J^ji) hirmil, stupid woman ; de- crepit old woman ; — ii. inf. taharmul, be torn. Aj^ji hurramiyya-t, believers in metempsychosis and leaders of a loose life. (i_4}ji£.) harnaf, inf. i , strike. ((3»/-) hirniq, pi. hardniq, young hare, rabbit. sjy/- harnub, hurnnb, s->j)/- harriih, carolj-tree. (u^y^^) hirnaus, sucking-pig. jf- huriV, excrement ; — hurwa-t, pi. hurdt, hole of the iron of an axe, &c. ; — huru'a-f, stool, easing of the bowels. t)}^ haruj, going out ; pi. huruj, long-necked ; — huruj, inf. of (e/-), coming out, issue, &c. ; apostacy ; rebellion ; Day of Judgment. '^ii^ haritd, virtuous woman, ma- tron. S/" h'^i't'if, pi- hurt, restive. tif- hirwa', palma Christi, ricinus ; — * ^if" h<^'>''if' pl' dhrifa-t, hirfdn, hirdf, lamb, sheep. ijf' hary, written document ; — hurriyy, hole in the mill-stone for putting in the corn. (/£- hirnj, refined ; pupil, dis- ciple. •>i/' harid, & hartda-t, pi. hard'id, hurud, hurad, hurrad, hirdd, virgin ; bashful, modest, virtu- ous woman ; — S hartda-t, un- bored pearl. fif' harir, ripple, murmur of flow- ing water ; snoring ; rumbling noise. i^/' haris, spices; cold water; starving (adj.); bay, gulf; — 6 harha-t, also i^f- har'ida-t, handsome girl. ^;i- harita-t, pi. hard' it, leathern bag ; satchel of a schoolboy ; post-bag ; letter. i_s^j^ haritiyy, maker of leathern bags ; — hurraita, bitter tears. ^/- hari', i , weak, flabby ; — hirrt% saffron in bloom ; — i 41 harif, autumn ; autumn rain ; culled, reaped ; ivy ; doting ; — 5 harifa-t, palm-tree whose fruit is rented ; — ^^ harifiyy, au- tumnal. ^if- hariq, i, torn, injured; crippled, pierced through ; fur- row ; ditch ; pi. huruq, plain with vegetation ; violent cold wind; pi. hara'iq, hiin'iq, con- tinuously blowing wind ; — hirr'iq, exceedingly liberal. (^.f' harini, dissolute, licentious. (j^) hazz, INF. hazz, also viii. iNP. ihtizctz, pierce and nail ; protect a wall with pikes, &c. j:^ hazz, pi. huzilz, silk ; silk-ware ; beaver-hair. j\j^ hazzdz, silk-merchant. g^ji- haziV, death ; — S hazd'a-t, slice, piece. <-i\y^ hazzdf, potter ; dealer in earthenware. f,\j^ hazdm, 'i hazdma-t, ring for the nose ; — ■ hazzdm, maker and seller of bast-ropes ; — i hizd- ma-t, pi. hazd'im, hizdm, nose- ring of a camel ; strap ; — ^s huzdma, lavender. hazzdn, collector ; — hizzdn, pi. of jif- huzaz ; — huzzdn, pi. of (jjVi fidzin, ag. of (yj^) ; — ' hizdna-t, pi. hazd'in, treasure ; collection ; magazine ; barn ; chamber of a gun ; inp. of h\ji^ hazdyd, pi. of (^^rf- hazydti. hazd'im, pi. of Wjs- luzdma-i and ^if- hazilma-t. i^^-f' hazd'in, pi. of ii\^ hizdna-t. h\yi. hazdya-t, putting to shame (s.) ; shame, disgrace. (sj)=5.) hazib, A, inp. hazab, be or seem to be swollen. (^^£.), II. tahazbar, inf. tahazbur, be proud ; frown ; kick with the fore feet, (yi^) huzhuz, firm of muscle, muscular. eV r^y 0)^) hatiar, u, inf. hazr, look with compressed eyelids ; look askance ; be sly ; flee ; — hazir, A, INF. hazar, be narrow and small ; be awry ; — vr. inf. tahdzur, compress the eyelids in order to see sharper. jji" hazr, looking askance (s.) ; — hazar, narrowness and wryness of the eyes ; fat broth ; ^\ /=-. bahr al-hazar, Caspian Sea. ob)^ hazurdn, bamboo. h)j^ hazraba-t, confusion of speech. (ejj^) hazraj, inf. S , limp. i'-^y/-) hazraf, inf. » , walk along proudly. (i3J))=^) hazarnaq, male spider. j)i- huzaz, pi. hizzdn, ahizza-t, male hare. (£>^) ha^a', A, INF. haz', cut off ; retain, remain behind, abandon one's people ; — ii. ikf. tahzi', cut off; retain, keep back; — V. INF. tahazzu', cut off ; remain behind and forsake one's people ; carve and distribute between each other; — vii. inp. inhizd', break in the middle (n.) ; — VIII. INF. ihtizd', separate one from his people and retain him. (J*'v°") huza'bal, i huza'bala-t, Js+c^i huza'bil, i huza'bila-t, in- vented story, idle tale ; fable ; anything untrue, ridiculous. ( J^j'S") haz'al, inf. 6 , limp, throw the feet about in walking. Jcjii- haz'al, hyena. {^y^) hazaf, i, inf. hazf, walk proudly along with swinging arms. wiyi. hazaf, earthenware ; — 45 haza- fiyy, earthen ; brittle ; potter ; dealer in earthenware. (li)^) hazaq, 1, inf. hazq, hit and pierce ; penetrate, permeate ; (m.) tear ; drop excrement ; — II. INF. tahziq, tear; — v. inf. tahazzuq, vii. inp. inhizdq, get pierced ; get torn ; — viii. inp. ihtizdq, be drawn (sword). vjy- 323 i, .t J)*- hazq, rent, hole. ('*j^) hazik, A, INF. hazah, per- sist. (Jj^) hci'^O'l, A, INF. AamZ, walk heavily ; cut, lop; prevent, hinder ; — hazil, a, inf. hazal, have a broken back ; walk heavily ; — vii. inf. inhizdl, walk heavily ; cease to speak ; abstain from answering ; be torn ofE, loosened ; separate from (n.), forsake ; — viii. inf. inhizdl, cut or tear off ; separate another from his people ; sepa- rate from one's people. Jji hazl, making quiescent the second letter of a foot when it has a vowel, and suppressing the fourth when it is quies- cent. (s-Jj^) hazlab, cut off quickly. (s^j^)> II- ^y^ tahazlaj, inf. ta- hazluj, hurry, speed along, ((•j^) hazam, i, inf. hazm, split ; pierce ; pierce the partition of a camel's nose ; string pearls ; spit locusts ; — II. INF. tahzim, put a ring in the camel's nose. I>y^ hazm, suppression of tho first letter of a watad mafruq at the beginning of a verse ; — hazam, tree with abundance of bast. (t?r") h'^^an, V, I, INF. hazn, store, hoard ; restrain one's tongue ; keep secret, conceal ; — inf. huzn, huzun, be deteriorated, putrid ; — hazin. A, inf. hazan, also hazun, inf. hazdna-t, id. ; — IV. INF. ihzdn, viii. inf. ihtizdn, hoard treasures ; enrich one's self; — S hazna-t, treasure, treasury ; store-room for valu- able furniture ; — hazana-t, pi. of yjW. hdzin, treasurer, cashier, ^^jjji hazanddr, haziiaddr, trea- surer. jy-f- hazanzar, mischievous, ma- licious, of a wicked disposition. (}y^) hazd, V, INF. hazw, subdue, tame, lead, rule, dominate ; pos- sess ; turn aside from (a.) ; be hostile to (ace.) ; slit the tongue of a camel's foal. f}/' hazum, i , pi. hazd'im, cow. iiSy^) haza, I, put to shame, abash, make to blush, disgrace ; — haza, A, INF. hizy, haz-an, fall into misery or disgrace, be despised ; — INF. haz-an, hazdya-t, be ashamed, blush ; — iii. inf. muhdzdt, disgrace, put to shame ; — iv. inf. ihzd', bring into misery and disgrace, abase ; visit, afflict; destroy; — x. inf. istihzd, be ashamed, blush. ^Jyi- hazy, hizy, shame, disgrace, foui thing ; — hazi {y^ haz-in), ashamed ; — ' hazya-t, visita- tion, affliction ; disgrace, abase- ment. y^)i hazydn, f. hazyd', pi. hazdyd, ashamed, abashed. ^^ huzaiba-t, gold mine. )ly^ haziz, thorn hedge. ijij^ hazina-t, treasure, treasury, collection. ^_s^ys- hazya, f. bashful. ((j~i.) hass, INF. hissa-t, hasdsa-t, be ignoble, mean, low-minded; be miserly, avaricious ; (m.) injure, damage ; — u, make one's share small ; — iv. inf. ihsds, act meanly ; find mean ; — X. INF. ihtisds, deem or find mean, vile, miserly. ^J~i. hass, lettuce, salad ; — » hissa-t, meanness, avarice. (y^) hasa'. A, INF. has\ husiV, drive or scare away ; be driven away, removed ; be blunt, dim ; — hasi', A. INF. hasa', be driven away. V~j5- has-an, pi. ahdst, odd (num- ber). ^L-i hasdr, s hasdra-t, loss, damage^ yaV»,i hisds, pi. of hasdsa-t, meanness, avarice ; small share, — ^usdsa-t, horse-race, jV— ^ hassdq, liar. JL..^. hisdl, pi. of J«~A liussdl, reprobate hasil ; — 324 /lusiUa-t, metallic splinters ; silver. j«.i. hasar, i, inf. hasr, husr, /ittsur, /lusdr, husrdti, hasdra-t, li.ise one's way, go astray ; — INF. husr, husrdn, also hasir, A, INF. hasar, bave a loss, suffer damage, get cheated ; — inf. hasr, husrdn, diminish ; — il. INF. tahsir, damage, cause a loss to (ace.) ; — iv. inf. ihsdr, diminish ; falsify the weight ; fall short. j~^ hasr, husr, and — (^\j~^ hasrdn, loss, damage. (j-.i.) husi' (pass.), inf. has', be turned off, refused. (<_d~ij.) hasaf, I, INF. hueuf, sink, disappear, vanish ; get eclipsed ; lose the milk ; — inf. hasf, di- minish (a. and n.) ; cause to lose the milk; — vii. inf. in- hisdf, get eclipsed. <-4— i- hasf, diminution, decrease ; abasement ; place where water appears ; walnut ; ^\ ^JJ^ 'ala 'l-hasf, fasting ; ^i\ ^Jj^ s-"/*" sarib 'ala 'l-hasf, drink without eating ; — husuf, pi. of «_i~.U. hdsif, lean, &c., i~iy^ hasuf and <_a*_6. hasf. (,3„ii.) hasaq, i, inf. hasq, hit and pierce. (J.^£.) hasal, V, INF. hasl, refuse, reject. (^«,i.) hasam, subtract; cut through a bone ; remove a difficulty ; — VII. INF. inhisdm, get removed ; get finished. ^„ci. hlisu', INF. of 0~^). »_j.-,i hasi'f, j)l. ahfisa-t, husuf, perennial well in a rtick ; — husif, eclipse of the moon ; sinking (s.), decline, decay, ruin. (j,»,i.), II. hassa, inf. iahsiya-f, play at odds and evens with nuts ; — VI. INF. tahdsl, jielt each other with stones. ^—6. hasi', see (U-i.) ; — hasiyi/, also — g«-~^ hasij, woollen blanket; coat of a woollen cloth ; tent. jtr"^ hash; suffering a loss (adj.) ; gone astray. hash, i , f. hisds, ahissd', vile, mean, miserly ; — ' hasi- sa-t, pi. hasd'is, low extraction or position ; vileness, meanness, avarice. hast'a-t, dregs of the popu- lace. hasif, i , blinded by pres- sure ; well almost dried up ; shallow ; pi. husuf = «_i^~i- hasif. J*~=^ hasll, pi. hasd'il, hisdl, very mean, vile, bad. (u~^) hass, u, INF. hass, put a wooden ring in the camel's nose ; enter on ; revile ; call forth a noise, &c. ; — iv. inf. ihsds, put on the nose-ring ; — VII. INF. inhisds, enter on ; mix with the people. '^■i^ has-an, his'-an, fear; — hassd', gravel and clay ground ; hornet's nest ; — hissd', scai'ecrow ; — 6 hasdt, fear. »_jUii. hassi'ib, wood-seller. jVAi husdr, i hnsdra-f, husks of oats ; remains, crumbs ; dregs of the populace ; worst parts. iJi)U.=. hasds, hisds, husds, insects, reptiles, birds; sparrows; bold, active, penetrating ; — hisds, pi. ahiss'a-t, wooden nose-ring of a camel. »_i^,ji~. hxisdf, sherbet of raisin- juice (m.) ; — hu!ssdf, bat (ani- mal). |.Ujs. husdm, broad ; lion ; — hassdm, broad-nosed. liU=. hasdyd, pi. of W~=^ ha.i- hasbd, f . of '-r''S^\ ahsab, rough to the touch, &c. (ijxAi.) hastaq, hemp; silk (Pers.). ^Va-id. haskds, poppy ; troop of armed men ; also S hashdsa-t, charnel-house. ((ji,.i,Ai.) kashas, inf. 6, make a noise, clatter, &c. ; — ii. inf. tahas'hus, id. ; hide (n.). ^^A^ hashasa-t, noise, clatter, &c. (j-*^) hasar, inf. hasr, clean from the worse parts ; leave the worse part of food ; — hasir, A, inf. hasar, flee cowardly. (v»^-*-^) hasrab, inf. » , do anything negligently. (iV"*^) hasram, inf. i , make a noise in eating. (j«7*^) hasram, pi. haSdrima-t, swarm of bees or wasps ; wasp- nest ; mother-bee ; — husrum, noise ; big. (j-i^) hasa', INF. hus'ic', be sub- missive, humble ; humble one's self ; be near setting ; have almost disappeared ; grow si- lent ; repent ; expectorate, be expectorated ; — ii. inf. tal(si', IV. INF. ihsd', humble, humili- ate ; move to repentance ; touch, soften ; — v. INF. tahassu', humble one's self, submit ; get humbled, humiliated ; be moved, touched ; — VIII. INF. ihtisd', id. ; hang down the head. gio. hus's'a', pi. of g4«^ hd£', humble, &c. ; — » hUa'a-t, child cut out of the womb ; — hui'a-t, pi. husa', low hill. (cii-s.) hasaf, i, inf. f^aif, ^asfa-t, creak ; dash the head to pieces ; drop the child quickly; — inf. hurnf, ha^afdn, roam through; disappear, vanish; enter, enter on ; be violent ; freeze (n.) ; — u, INF. hasafa-t, show the way, guide ; — hasif, a, inf. ha^af, be scabby all over ; — in." inf. muhd .=- husuna-t, roughness, hard- ness ; rudeness ; severity, sharp- ness. ((j'Sis-) haJi, A, INF. haS-an, hiS-an, haSy, hisy, hasdt, hasya-t, hasa- ydn, mahs'dt, inaMiya-t, fear ; fear for {^J^ 'ala) ; surpass in fear or timidity ; — ii. inf. tahsiya-t, frighten, terrify ; — V. INF. tahassi, viil. inf. ihtis'd', fear. t^-i^ haSi, hasiyy (i,^-^ has-in), i, timid, timorous ; — i hasya-t, fear. yU/iii hasydn, f. ii , W-*^ hasyd, pi. hasdyd, timid, timorous ; — his- ydti, hasaydn, fear. s-~«-*^ hasib, pi. huhib, haM'ib, rough, unsmooth ; hard of bone ; big. t><-fc^ hasm, i , rough, rude, hard, severe. (ya=-) hass, xr, inf. hass, husus, hissiya-t, hissisd', hissisa, hosi'i- siyya-t, talnssa-i, impart or im- pute as particular to (ace.) ; assign ; be one's property or peculiarity, concern especially ; — for fiasis, a, inf. hasds, hasd- la-t, also pass., be poor, needy ; — II. INF. tahsis, impart or impute as particular quality or property ; — iv. inf. ihsds, do less than one ought to do ; — V. INF. tahassus, be one's private property, be peculiar to, concern particularly (J Ii) ; — viii. inf. ihtisdf, be one's particular pro- perty or quality ; be a par- ticular friend to (^.j hi) ; impute as a peculiarity ; destine to a particular use ; distinguish one's self by (sj bi) ; — x. inf. istih- sds, claim as a particular property or quality ; claim exclusively for one's self. (ja=- hiss, defective ; — huss, pi. hisds, husi'is, ahsds, hut, cottage; wine-house ; good wine. ^«^ hisn', castration. (_pL5i hasds, 8 hasdsa-i, poverty, penury, straitness ; spUt, rent, chink, hole; — hvsdsa-t, pi. hisds, grapes left in harvesting. ijUbs. hassdf, liar ; shoemaker. iJUi husdla-t, offal, sweepings. («V,ai. hisdm, dispute, inf. hi. of yUi hissdn, hussdn, grandees; royal favourites. ('■. -o ^ ) hasab, i, inf. hisb, abound in plants and fruit; — hasib, a, INF. hasab, id. ; — iv. inf. ihsdb, id. ; fertilise. s-~«^ hisb, abundance, plenty, fer- tility ; — hasib, i , fertile. (r°^) ^?"', A, INF. hasar, be frozen ; be very cold ; — v. inf. tahassur, take one by the hand and walk at the side of him rest one's hands on the hips lean on ; — vi. inf. tahdsur take one another bv the hands — VIII. INF. ihlisdi; cut off or remove superfluities ; abbre- viate, abridge, resume ; take the shortest way ; take a stick. r^ hasr, pi. husilr, middle of the body, waist ; — /^asar, cold (s.) ; 327 Us. — hasir, cold (adj.) ; — & husra-t, shortness, brevity. (i_4-ai) hasaf, I, INF. hasf, sole ; cover one's nakedness with leaves ; — inp. hisdf, miscarry in the ninth month ; pass, have others behind one's self; — ii. INF. tahsif, mingle white hair with the black ; show ill will ; claim without a right ; — iv. INF. ihsdf, hasten ; (also viil. i^F. ihtisdf) cover one's naked- ness with leaves. y-i-ai- hasf, double sole ; — S hasa- fa-t, pi. hasaf, hisdf, basket of palm-leaves ; very coarse gar- ment ; — husfa-i, stitch of an awl. (J-oi) hasal, INF. hasl, hisdl, sur- pass in shooting ; cut off, sever ; — ii. inf. tahsil, cut off ; implant a bad habit, spoil ; — III. INF. hisdl, enter with another (ace.) a contest in shooting. J-ai hasl, contest and victory in shooting ; stake in such ; — » hasla-t, pi. hisdl, peculiarity, particular quality ; whim, hobby- horse, crotchet ; fault, vice ; division, paragraph ; — husla-t, dishevelled hair ; tuft ; cluster or bunch of grapes. (^.ai) hasam, i, inf. hasm, con- quer an avdersary ; subtract ; — III. INF. hisdm, muhdsama-t, husuma-t, dispute, have a law- suit against (ace.) ; — vi. inf. tahdsum, dispute with one an- other, contest in a law- suit ; — VIII. INF. ihtisdm, consider as one's adversary; dispute. ,»-ai- hasm (sing. du. and pi.), pi. also husum, husmdn, (m.) ahsdm, adversary, competition ; — husm, pi. husum, ahsdm, side, edge, border ; corner ; — hasam, hus- band ; — hasim, engaged in a dispute ; quarrelsome. U-oi husamd', and — husmdn, pi. of (•iyai> hasim; — husmdn, also pi. of ,«-ai- hasm. (;)-«£- husun, pi. of y-- particular circum- stance, speciality, peculiarity ; particular attachment, friend- ship, affection ; husus-an, es- pecially, in particular ; — * . u^T"^ ^Msitsi^/y, S , concerning par- ticularly, peculiar ; — » husu- siyya-t, peculiarity. ^yo^ husiima-t, object of litiga- tion, litigation, law-suit; en- mity. ((.s"^) ^?«?f') I) INF. hisd', geld, castrate ; — iv. inf. ihsd', learn only one art or science ; — viii. INF. ihiisd', get castrated, cas- trate one's self ; be castrated. ij""*" h'^^^iyVj pl- hisya-t, hisydn, one castrated, eunuch ; — S hasya-t, pi. husa, testicle ; — hissiyya-t, INF. of (u°^)- s^«'<^ hasib, abundant. yaj-ci hasis, particular, peculiar, private. ^■i-'^ htssUd', ,_3-=~a^ hissisa, inf. of (L/=i)V ■ >-as-ai has if, double-soled ; sweet and sour milk mixed together ; ashes ; comm. and f. 6 , spotted white and black ; armed. il^-ai hasila-t, pi. hasil, hasd'il, piece of meat, joint ; thick muscle. I^foi. hasim, pi. husamd', husmdn, quarrelsome ; adversary in a law-suit ; enemy. (;).*«=s- hasin, pi. husun, ahsun, hatchet, (yi^), II. haddad, inf. tahdid, adorn with shells ; shake ; rinse ; — III. INF. muhddda-t, sell on credit to (ace), give in ex- change ; — VII. INF. inhiddd, get shaken ; — S hadda-t, shaking (s.), agitation. i^\,iti, hiddb, dye, colour. jUi haddr, watered milk ; first green, first vegetables ; — hudddr, a bird ; — » kiiddra-t, verdure ; sea. 328 J^ fj\-5i hudciri', miserly, avaricious. (_5jV-ai. haddra, pi. of hudriyy ; — huddriyy, a bird ; maritime. i^^-ai- haddd, hiddd, ink ; — haddd, trumpery, tinsel-iinery. (s-^os") hadab, i, inf. ^arffe, dye (especially red) ; green, be green, have green shoots ; — hadih, and pass., inf. hudilh, green, be verdant ; — ii. inf. tahdib, dye richly ; — iv. inf. ihddh, be covered with green ; — VIII. INF. ihtiddh, be dyed ; dye one's self; — xii. ihdaudah, INF. ihdiddb, be covered with gi'een, be verdant. (jj-si-), IV. ahdaj, inf. i^iddj, dis- solve; — V. INF. tahaddiij, limp; — VII. INF. inhiddj, be trodden down ; burn with anger. (ydii-sc.) hadhad, inf. ' , shake ; rinse ; — ii. inf. tahadhud, be shaken ; — ii hadhada-t, shake ; agitation. (xoi.) hadad, i, inf. hadd, break ; cut, cut off ; eat greedily and with a noise ; eat anything soft and smack; — v. inf. tahaddud, VII. inf. inhiddd, get broken but not severed ; — viii. inf. ihtiddd, bridle the camel and ride on it. (_^) hadar, u, inp. ficidr, cut off, cut down; — hadir, green, be green ; be soft and tender ; — II. inf. tahdir, dye green ; — III. INF. inuhddara-t, buy the fruit while yet green ; — iv. INF. ihddr, green, be green ; — VIII. INF. ihiiddr, carry ; cut green food ; pass, die when young ; — ix. ihdarr, inf. ih- dirdr, be green ; be dark, xi. ihddrr, inf. Uidirdr, xii. ihdau- dar, INF. ihdiddr, be green ; be dark. yU- hidr, the prophet Khedr, Moses's companion ; Elias ; the wandering Jew ; St. George ; — hadar, verdure, freshness, youthf ulness ; — hadir, » , green, verdant, pleasant to the eye ; — * hudra-t, pi. hudar, hudr, green (s.), verdure ; dark grey ; black- ish ; herbs, greens, vegetables. \j-^^ hadrd', f. oi ^\ ahdar, green; firmament ; terebinth ; pi. hi- dr divat, greens. (vv^) hadrah, inf. ii , be agi- tated. (*T°^ hidrim, pi. -un, haddrim, ha- ddrima-t, abundant, plentiful; abounding with water ; large ; very liberal. o^r*^ hidrimiyy, pi. haddrima-t, stranger, Persian, Syrian. ^}j-^^ hadrawdt, greens, vege- tables ; fruit. tsr^ h^"!>'^l/yi pl- haddriyy, wild duck. (jo-ai- hadad, small shells. id^^) hada', inf. hudiV, be sub- missive, humble ; submit ; be near setting ; rest ; bring to rest, quiet ; bend ; incite to anything bad ; walk along vigorously ; — ii. humble, tame, subdue ; cut meat into pieces ; — III. INF. muhildd'a-t, address one's wife softly and implor- ingly ; — IV. INF. ihdd% id. ; humble, subdue ; — v. inf. tahaddu', humble one's self, submit ; — viii. inf. ihtidd', behave humbly, submissively ; get humbled; — xii. ihdauda', inf. ihd'idd', be humble, sub- missive. ^^ hiidu', pi. of g^ hadiV ; — hud\ pi. and U-=t had.'d\ f. of j-ii^ ahda', submissive; — i hu- da'a-t, submissive to everybody. (s-jUi), II. ._,3Us^ tahad'db, inf. fahad'iib, be confused, compli- cated, intricate ; — ii had'aba-t, fat and helpless woman. (cjUi) hada/, I, inf. /;,((//; hvduf, break wind ; eat. (J^) hadU, A, INF. hadal, be moist, wet ; get moistened ; — J^ 329 VU II. INF. tahdU ; — IV. INF. ihdiU, moisten, wet ; — ix. ihdall, inp. ikdiliU, be moist, moistened, wetted ; have dense branches and foliage ; be dark. J-==^ hadil, i , moist, wet ; fresh and tender ; plenteous ; — s hu- dulla-t, afQuence and enjoyment of life ; delicate pleasing woman ; wife. (<_ALii) hadlaf, inf. I , bear only few dates. (r*-^^) hadam, i, inf. hadmi; hadim, A, INF. hadam, eat, chew ; — hadam, i, inf. hadm, cut, cut off ; give to anybody part of one's property. ,*«5i- hidamm, sea (of bounty, know- ledge, &c.) ; a great and liberal lord ; large assembly ; heavy horse ; sharp sword ; whet- stone ; — ii hadiua-i, amulet; — hudama-t, great eater, glutton; — hudumma-t, the thickest part, principal part, middle. yii- hadan, u, inf. hadn, rush furiously at the she-camel and bite her (he-camel) ; pass, be wanting ; — iii. inf. muM- dana-t, jesb amorously with one's wife ; talk ribaldry to one another. gj-ks. hadil', pi. hiidu', humble, sub- missive ; — * . •t-*'»^ had lb, dyed ; dyed red ; bloody, gory, sanguinary. jfii- hadir, i , green, greening ; green food. A«!j^B^ hadi'a-t, rumbling in the belly of a horse ; murmuring of a stream. aJlvo^- hadlla-t, garden ; flower-bed ; meadow. iU*-54- hadima-t, boiled wheat ; soft, delicate. (kt.) hatt, TJ, INF. haft, draw lines ; make stripes or furrows ; form letters, write ; lie with ; taste of a meal ; mark as one's ex- clusive property ; — inf. hitt, hitta-t, mark out and take pos- session of uninhabited land ; — II. inf. tahtit, mark with lines, &c. ; stripe, weave in stripes, furrow ; — iv. inf. ihtdt, be marked with lines, &c. ; be tattooed ; — viii. inf. i/it{tiH= IV. ; draw lines ; show the first down ; mark out and take pos- session of a tract of land. ^ hatt, pi. hut lit, ahtut, stroke, line, stripe ; stroke of the pen, handwriting ; boundary-line ; road, street, lane ; furrow ; down (of a beard) ; coast ; c \ji-S\ hatt al-istiiviV, equator ; jVjj i_fi^ c hatt nisf-i nahdr, meridian ; i-kji> t h('tt-i-''<^'>''f> (jy.Ua> t hatt-i-humdytm, imperial edict ; — hit', error ; transgres- sion ; — S hitta-t, pi. hitat, land for the first time taken pos- session of ; place marked out for building ; district, tract, region ; town ; pi. precinct, neighbourhood of a town ; — hutta-t, pi. hutut, circumstance ; affair ; state ; performance ; difficult undertaking ; firm purpose and resolute execu- tion. (U=i) hata'. A, INF. hat', throw up foam ; — J=i. hati', a, inf. hif, hit'a-t, err, transgress, sin ; — INF. tahti'a-t, accuse of error or sin ; lead into error or sin ; — IV. INF. ihtiV, err, transgress, sin; miss one's aim; lead into error or sin; — y. inv. tahattti', err, transgress ; lead into error or sin ; ^ vi. inf. tah'ttu', lead into error or sin. Usi hata', hatd', error, mistake, transgression, sin ; missing of an aim or end ; — hitd', hiitd', pi. of Jiy==- hatim-t and hutwa-t, respectively ; — hattd', who al- ways errs or transgresses ; — » hutdt, sinews, pi. of i^^ hdti'. ,_jU==. hitdb, address, speech ; hitdb- an, entering in mediae res, directly ; — hattdb, mediator in 42 v^ 330 <_Ak£. bow ; . * marriage transactions, match- maker; very eloquent; — huttnh, orators, &c., pi. of >— tU. hCitih ; -^ * ; — i hat(1ha-t, preaching (s.) ; — hip'iha-i, office of a preacher. ^VLs. hattdr, is, trembling ; brandish- ing a spear ; wagging the tail ; catapult, shooting engine ; a perfume; perfumer; — hntti'ir, minds, &c., pi. of »!=^ hi'itir; * _ L^ku hattilt, calligraphist ; drawer of maps. <_AjLUsi. fiatdt'if, see the following. wiUai. hattilf, robber ; Satan ; — • hitttilf, pi. hatcltif, swallow ; hook, cramp, harpoon ; pi. claws. JUs=. hatt'il, economical ; — s hat- tdla-t, shameless woman. l«Uai- hitihn, pi. hutum, bridle halter ; string of a hattihn, strong musk ; - UUai hatdyd, i^^'^ hdfd'!, pi. of Is^ hati'a-t. {'^-^) hatah, u, inf. hutba-t, hata- ba-t, preach ; have the public prayers said for one's self, i.e. seize the reins of dominion ; — u, INF. hatb, hitba-t, Aittiha, sue in marriage, court ; betroth one's self ; give one's daughter in betrothal; — licit ib, inf. hatab, be dirt-coloured ; — hatub, inf. hatuba-t, become a preacher, preach ; — iii. inf. hitdb, mii- hltaba-t, address ; deliver a speech : — iv. inf. ihtdb, oifer the side to the hunter at a short distance ; — viii. inf. ihtitnb, deliver the (Friday) sermon ; ask in marriage ; betroth one's self ; celebrate the betrothal. ■- ^ hatb, pi. hutilb, difficult affair, important business ; calamity ; — hilb, f. S, pi. a/itiib, suitor; sued woman ; betrothed ; — S Itilha-i, betrothal ; — hiilJia-f, impure c '"') to danger, risk ; make a wager with (ace.) another ; — iv. inf. ihtdr, cause to remember; move in one's mind (two ace); — v. inf. tahattvr, step along proudly ; — vi. inf. tahdtur, make a wager against one another ; beat each other with the tail. ;J=s- hatr, thought, what occurs to the mind ; a large measure ; consideration, dignity ; — hitr, indigo ; pi. ahti'rr, large number of camels ; — hutr, pi. of y^ hatir; — hatar, pi. hitdr, ahtdr, danger, risk ; wager ; calamity ; pi. hitdr, hvtiir, stake; high authority, rank ; importance ; equal, similar; — hatir, danger- ous ; risky ; of high authority, highly considered ; — £ hatra-t, time, turn ; hatrat-ati, some- times ; (m.) march ; travel ; — hatira-f, what occurs to the mind, fancy, idea. '"^ hiliit, hittat, pi. of S^ hitta-t, hiilta-t, respectively. (t-oU) hatif, A, inf." hataf; hataf, I, INF. hatafdn, step apace ; — hatif. A, hataf, i, inf. hatf, snatch away, rob, steal, abduct ; — II. INF. Uihfif, rob with vio- ^.i^b;'' 331 «, 6-^ lence ; — iv. inf. ihti'f, miss the aim ; — V. INF. taha'ttuf, snatch away, rob ; — vii. inf. inhitdf, be snatched away, carried off, robbed ; (m.) be transported (by emotion, &c.), fall in ecstacy ; — vui. inf. ihtitdf, snatch away, rob. <-«!=*- hatf, snatching away (s.) ; abduction, robbery ; theft ; ra- paciousness ; — 'i hatfa-t, limb torn off by a wild beast. (J|°^) hatil, A, inf. hatal, indulge in idle or unseemly talk. J!«^ ha4al, lightness, swiftness ; idle or indecent talk ; — hatil, idle talker ; — hutul, pi. and — 'Hoi. hatliV, f. of Ji=i-) ahtal, having flabby ears, &c. i-^ia. hatlaha-t, shallow and con- fused talk. (/♦^) iMfoi'tn, I, INF. hafm, hit on the nose, bridle the nose, bridle ; silence; — inf. hatm, hitnm, put a string to the bow ; — ii. inf. tahtim, vili. inf. ihtitam, bridle, muzzle. f^ hatm, nose, muzzle ; beak ; mouth of a wild animal ; im- portant matter ; — hutiim, pi. of |,Usi. hitihn ; — i hutma-t, moun- tain peak. (_5*i"=- hitmiyy, hatmiijy, marsh- mallow. (jSai.) hatd, V, INF. hatw, take a step, step, walk ; — v. inf. ta- hatti, put one's foot upon ; tread on ; follow in one's steps, step or pass by, overtake ; (m.) overstep the bounds, encroach ; — VIII. INF. ihtitd', step along, walk ; overtake ; — » hatwa-t, pi. hatawdt, hitd', stepping, walking (s.) ; step; — hutwa-t, pi. hutd', ,_3l==- hut-an, huta, hutwdf, huta- wdt, hutuwdt, step, width of a step. ^J='^ hututiyy, linear. ^_^ hut-an, pi. of ii^ hutwa-t ; — hati', see (^) ; — hattiyy, pi. S , lance, spear ; — ii hati'a-t, hatiyya-t, i£-J=i Iiatl'a-t, pi. hatdyd, (lald'l, transgression, offence, sin. 'T-^ hatih, preacher ; reciter of the public prayers ; — hiitih, hatih, f . 4 , betrothed. 1^^ hiftiba, INF. of (s-J=i-). j<^ hath-, pi. hutr, great ; high ; powerful and respected ; of high rank ; important, weighty ; dan- gerous, risky; — ii hatira-t, pi. hatd'ir, important matter. {^) hazz, V, INF. hazz, suffer from diarrhcea. U=} ^ haz-aii haz-an, firm, com- pact ; — hazd', firmness, com- pactness. *)^^ hi-i:ni-a-t, valerian. (^) kO'-'U B) INF. huzmvw, be firm, compact. y\^Li. hazawdii, who is getting corpulent. (^3^) hazi, A, INF. haz-an, be firm, compact. ;Jii- hazziyy, lance, spear. (d^) ^*"> I; INF. ha", pant. («_ai) haff, I, INF. haff, hiff, hiffa-t, be light (of weight) ; be of no consequence, unimportant ; be slight ; get lighter, decrease ; be accomodating, tractable ; cry out; depart in haste, emigrate; go briskly to ; — inf. hufAf, be few in number ; — inf. hiffa-t, be active, nimble ; — ii. inf. tahfif, make light, alleviate, ease ; — iv. inf. ihfdf, induce to levity ; — v. inf. tahaffuf, get alleviated ; put on a boot ; — VI. INF. tahdff, show one's self active, nimble ; — x. inf. istihfdf, deem or find light ; make light of, slight, disdain ; enliven. ^oi- hiff, light ; light-minded, fri- volous ; agile, nimble ; small troop ; inconsiderable, insignifi- cant ; lightness ; insignificance ; INF. of ('-4^) ; — huff] pi. hifdf, short boot ; shoe ; sole ; pi. ahfdf, camel's hoof ; foot of the ostrich ; — ii hiffa-t, lightness ; Ui 332 jiid. agility, nimbleness ; levity, fri- volity, fickleness ; inconsiderable- ness, insignificance. (Ui) hqfa', A, INF. ha/', tear out and fling on the ground ; de- molisli ; empty, pour out. ^ haf-an, hafa, secret; — hafd', concealment ; — hifcV, pi. ahfiya-t, covering ; veil ; curtain ; any- thing covered, concealed. (J^Us.) hufdjil, stupid ; stam- mering. jjUi hafddid, ^jUs. hafddid, pi. of ^Xgis. hafaidad. ^ hufdr, fee of a guide or escort ; — s hifara-t, hafdra-t, deep shame ; — hufdra-f, pro- tection ; clientship ; escort and its reward ; safe conduct (also hafdra-t, hifdra-t). iJiUi huffds, pi. hafdfis, bat (ani- mal). ^Ui. hufdf, light ; light-minded, frivolous ; agile, nimble ; — haffdf, shoe or boot maker ; -— * . (ji-iUi. hafdfis, pi. of jii\ii. huffds. UUi kafdyd, pi. of ^^a^ hafiyy. (ui-ii.) hafat, u, INF. hvfut, become or be silent ; cease to speak ; be low (voice) ; INF. hafi, speak secretly and in an undertone ; ITSY. hvfdt, die suddenly; — iii. INF. muhdfata-t, address secretly and in a low voice ; read in a low voice ;— IV. inf. tahdfid, talk to one another secretly and in an undertone. c;.~ii=- haft, slow speech, whisper ; — also hvft, rue (plant). yUii. haftdn, quilted armour ; padded overcoat (Pers.). (Jini.) hafsal, J»Aic. hufdsil, pi. hafdsil, weak in body and mind. (gii.) hafij. A, INF. hafaj, suffering irom a trembling of the fore- feet ; — hafij, have pains in the legs from tiredness ; lie with. iAiifc. hafhafa-t, noise made in eating ; rustling of new clothes. (jiai) hafad, tr, inf. hafd, hafaddn, stride apace ; — hafid, a, inf. hafad, id. ; — IV. INF. ihfdd, miscarry, seem big with young without being so. (j^) hafar, i, tj, inf. hafr, hufd- ra-t, protect, escort ; take a fee for escort or protection ; inf. hifdra-t, protect a sown field, palms, &c., against injury; keep a compact ; — inf. hafar, hufnr, break a compact ; — hafir, a, inf. hafar, hafdra-t, be greatly ashamed, blush deeply ; — ii. INF. tahfir, protect, defend, escort, give an escort ; — iv. INF. ihfdr, grant a safe con- duct, an escort, and, by oppo- sition, abandon treacherously one escorted or placed in safe conduct ; break a compact ; — v. INF. tahaffur, place one's self under one's protection ; grant protection ; be bashful, blush. f^ hafr, safe conduct, escort ; • — hafar, escort ; violent shame ; modesty ; — hafir, f ., also 'i hafi- ra-t, very bashful ; — » hufra-t, protection ; — hufara-t, pro- tector. \fi' hnfard\ pi. of j-a=. hafir. ^f^ hufraja-t, excellence or dain- tiness of food. jjjii. hafarnaj, delicate, dainty. ((j~A^) hafas, V, INF. hafs, mock at, ridicule ; talk ribaldry ; vanquish in wrestling ; de- molish ; eat or drink little of a thing; break in the bottom of a cask ; fall down ; — vii. INF. inhifdx, lose the bottom. (yi.a=.) hafas, u, inf. hafs, pelt with ; — hafis. A, inf. hafas, have small purblind eyes ; be weak, imbecile. tr-^ hafas, purblind sight. ^-*-^ hat si!', f. of (jiA^\ ah fas, pur- blind. (yiai.) hafad, i, inf. hafd, remain, abide, stay ; sink (a.), let down, place lower ; humble, humiliate ; (jduy. 333 > lower the voice ; bend wood ; walk slowly ; put a word in the oblique case ; — hafud, be easy and comfortable; pass, get cir- cumcised (girl) ; — II. INF. tahfid, sink (a.), lower; do or say anything gently or with moderation ; lower the voice ; — VII. INF. inhifdd, be thrown down, sunk ; sit in a low place ; be humble; — viii. inf. ihtifdd, get circumcised, (jii^ hafd, quiet, comfortable life ; ease and comfort, afluence ; humiliation ; low tone or voice ; measured walk ; oblique case. (&^) ha-fo-'i INF. haf, fall down in a fit of giddiness; beat, hit with the sword ; — inf. hafa', hafa'dii, be put in motion ; be relaxed ; pass. Am//', be tor- mented with hunger. (i3^) h'^fii'ii I) U) INF. hafii, hafa- qdn, move gently, wave to and fro ; beat, throb ; be moved ; nod ; inf. hafq, flash ; give a light tap ; INF. hafaqi'in, produce a whistling, hissing, clattering, creaking, &c., noise ; fly ; be for the greatest part passed ; — i, INF. Inifiiq, set (star, &c.) ; wave ; — II. INF. ta/ifiq, talk confusedly, dote ; (m.) do in a desultory way, sketch hurriedly ; — IV. INF. ihfdq, not obtain one's wish, miss one's end ; fail ; return without prey or booty ; throw down in wrest- ling ; nod ; flap the wings ; be near setting. (Jii- hafiq, 5 hafiqa-t, pi. hifuq, having thin flanks ; — » hafqa-t, throb of the pulse or heart ; — hifqa-t, plain with a mirage. yUii hafaqdn, gentle motion ; tremble ; palpitation ; — ^ hafa- qdniyy, suffering from palpita- tions, (yii) hafd, u, INF. fiafw, hufuww, shine far ; appear ; — 6 f^ifwa-t, secret. <-*^ haffuf, hyena ; — * . (>j*^) h'rfO't I, INF. hafy, hufiyy, bring to light, reveal, and, by opposition, conceal, keep secret ; INF. hafy, shine sideways ; — hafi, A, INF. haf'i', be secret, concealed from ( J^ 'ala) ; inf. hiffa-t, hufya-t, conceal one's self from (J /(), withdraw from sight ; — II. INF. tahfiya-t, iv. INF. ihfd', keep secret, conceal ; — VIII. INF. ihtifd', pass, of the previous ; disappear, vanish ; publish, make known ; — x. INF. istihfd' , be concealed. ^J^^ hafiyy, 'i , pi. hafdyd, con- cealed, secret ; thin, fine ; of a low or feeble sound ; — hafy, hufiyy, inf. of {J^) ;— 5 hifya-t, hufya-t, hiding one's self (s.), concealment ; — hafiyya-t, pi. -dt, hafdyd, what is hidden, secret ; thicket ; madness. OA^ hafaidad, pi. hdfddid, hafd- did, hafaidaddt, swift, quick ; male ostrich. )iM- haflr, pi. hufard, protector ; escort ; protected ; escorted ; faithful to a compact ; fee for escorting ; gate-toll. iJiiM- haf id, sunk, lowered, low ; oppressed ; subdued ; humili- ated. '-i-i^ hafif, i , pi. hifdf, a/ffdf, ahiffd', light ; nimble, agile, skilful ; insignificant ; weak, feeble ; light-minded, frivolous, fickle ; imbecile ; a metre : fci'ildiun tnustaf'ilun mustaf'ilun, twice. (<3^) h<^ INF. haqiq, rattle ; clatter : buzz ; seethe. (3==" haqq, pi. ahqdq, huqtiq, cleft or rent in the ground. yUs. haqdn, pi. lniquna-t:=(j'^^ hdqdn, emperor (Turk.). (;).«=- haqqan, inf. ta/fqiq, invest as emperor. (J^) liall, V, I, INF. ^all, fulfil, be emaciated, wasted ; — inf. lialal, be in disorder, confusion ; > 334 i^ be disturbed (mind) ; — inf. hulula-t, become poor, needy; want ; do anything by one's self ; — INF. hall, pierce, pene- trate ; clean the teeth with the tooth-pick ; fix with a peg ; split the tongue of a camel's foal ; draw a seton ; — pass. hull, become poor, needy, be in need of ; — ii. inf. tahl'd, turn into vinegar (a.) ; clean the teeth ; acidulate, make sour ; be or turn sour ; turn into vinegar (n.) ; — iii. inf. Midi, haldl, muhdlla-t, keep up a true friendship, cultivate one's friend- ship ; — IV. INF. ihhU, cause to want a thing ; pass, want, be in need of, lack ; forsake, leave in the lurch, fail, deceive ; bring in disorder and confusion ; ex- ceed the bounds ; — v. inf. tahallul, engage in, enter on, step in the middle of the people ; clean the teeth with the tooth-pick ; comb one's beard with the fingers ; — vi. inf. tahjlvl, keep up a true friendship between one another ; • — VIII. INF. i/iiihil, turn into vinegar (n.) ; take vinegar ; be put in disorder or confusion ; be disturbed ; have splits, in- terstices, pores, &c. ; pierce ; want ; grow thin, waste away (n.). Ji- hall, pi. ahull, hildl, vinegar ; evil, ill ; path through sandy ground ; a vein of the neck and back ; worn garment ; camel in the second year ; hill, close friendship ; needy ; — ^(7?, hid I, pi. ahldl, true friend; — i haJla-t, pi. A77i(7, nature, natural dispo- sition or qualification ; need, poverty, misery ; pi. Ifalal, in- terstice, interval, breach, rent, opening, hole ; vacancy ; camel in the second year (m. and f.) ; — hilla-t, pi. hilal, hildl, pi. pi. af^illa-t, case for precious scab- bards; pi. hilal, hildl, remains of food between the teeth ; true friendship; — hulla-t, a thorny tree ; any plant with a sweet juice; pi. hidal, sincere friend- ship, friend (m. and f.). (}i-) hala', INF. hal'. Mid', hulu', fall on the knees, be restive ; INF. huliV, not stir from the place ; desist from one thing and take up another. ii- hald, U lU. hald md, except, excepting that ; — hald', free, independent ; empty ; empty space, void (s.) ; privy ; inf. of \~>'iii- halhib, i, very deceptive, very deceitful ; beguiling ; given to telling lies ; — hildh, 6 hildba-t, deceit ; beguilement ; blandish- ment ; — hildba-t, pincers. ^_;~j!k. huh'ihis, pi. haldbis, beguiling words ; lie, swindle, fiction. y«!k. hallds, robber, plunderer ; — (^ hildsiyy, i, born from a white mother by a black father, mulatto. ^%. hahh, deliverance, rescue, salvation ; — hilds, sincerity ; what is best and purest ; pure ore ; clarified butter ; placenta ; — hallds, deliverer, saviour ; — hullds, rent, cleft, chink; — i MUsa-t, hulasa-t, what is best and purest, cream, essence ; clarified butter ; final moral ; jirincipal contents, resume, ex- tract ; — tS h<^^"?'yy> saving, salu- tary. i>%i. hildt, mixture ; medley crowd; fundamental humour of the body ; — * ; — S haldta-i, a folly. ^\i. hidil', i huld'a-f, epilepsy ; palsy ; — 6 hald'a-t, disorderly life. ^%^ Mh'if, contradiction; contrast; reverse, the contrary ; what is against or in contradiction with; untruth ; falseness ; a false per- son i oriental poplar ; — * ; — %!• 335 jJU. halldf, who contradicts ; dis- | piitant, quarrelsome ; — S hald- fa-t, degeneration ; fault, vice ; stupidity, folly, foolishness ; — hildfa-t, vioegerency, substitu- tion, succession ; dignity of a caliph, caliphate, jlii haldq, full share of happiness, abundance ; — hildq, a cosmetic ; — halldq, creator ; — S haldqa-t, INF. of ii3^). Jl^ haldl, sour dates ; — hildl, pi. ahilla-t, tooth-pick ; seton ; borer ; interval, interstice, in- termission ; middle ; term ; paradigm ; — halldl, seller of vinegar ; — * ; — ii haldla-f, hi- Idla-t, huldla-t, true friendship; — huldla-t, impurity between the teeth. (^%^ hulldn, pi. of Jflli. halil. ^5jlU. haldwi, ]A. of 6^=- halwa-t ; — haldwiyy, referring to a forest. ^'^ haldyd, pi. of 'i-^ haliyya-t. (t_Ji) halab, u, i, inf. halb, wound, scratch ; clutch and tear ; split, tear ; bite ; beguile ; captivate ; — INF. halb, hildh, hildba-f, de- ceive, beguile ; — halib, a, inf. halab, be stupid, imbecile ; — II. INF. tahlib. III. INF. muhd- laba-t, beguile, deceive ; — viii. INF. ihtildb, be cut off with a sickle ; deceive, beguile ; allow one's self to be beguiled ; — x. INF. istihldb, scratch, wound ; cut, mow. >,-Ji4- hilb, pi. ahldb, claw, clutches ; nail ; liver, lobe of the liver ; flesh between the ribs ; dia- j)hragm ; pi. hulabd' , fond of women, lady's man ; — hulb, hulub, bast of the palm-tree or rope of it ; — hullab, cloud or lightning without rain. ^M- halbd, silly, foolish (f.). (j^j^A&.) halbas, inf. » , beguile. (yiaJ,i.) halbas, inf. i , flee. (glc.) halaj, I, INF. halj, draw, attract ; tear out ; move, shake ; wean ; occupy, engross ; wink ; nod, beckon, invite by nodding or beckoning ; lie with ; — i, u, inf. huluj, tremble, quiver ; — INF. halajdn, tremble, be agi- tated ; — halij. A, INF. halaj, have pain in the bones ; be deteriorated or corrupted ; — III. INF. niuhdlaja-t, engross, fill wilb anxiety ; — vi. inf. iahdlnj, engross the mind ((_;» fl) ; — VIII. inf. ihtildj, draw, attract ; be agitated, tremble ; wink; quiver; — xii. inf. ih- laalaj, inf. ihlildj, be compli- cated. 5;l=- huluj, pi. of g-l=- halij ; — hillij, far, remote; — i halija-t, quivering, winking (adj.). y^^sl^ halajdn, trembling (s.) ; motion, emotion, agitation; cu- riosity ; INF. of (gl=5.) ; — hnljdii, pi. of 5;il=- halij. (^^sl^) haljam, tall and corpulent. JVsJi. halh'il, pi. haldhil=^&U- halhal. ( Jsilti.) halhal, inf. ii , bare the bones of the flesh ; shake, agi- tate, bring out of order ; — ii. INF. tahalhul, get shaken, agi- tated ; be rickety, out of order (m.). Jjali- halhal, hulhal, pi. haldhil, haldhil, anklo-ring; fine dresses ; — hence ii. tahalhal, inf. tahal- hul, adorn the ankle with a ring. (jJl=.) halad, v, inf. hald, htdud, last for ever, be eternal ; enjoy lasting wealth ; remain, abide ; be still vigorous in advanced age ; age late ; — ii. inf. tahlid, make eternal, render lasting, re- main, abide ; age late ; — iv. inf. iAZad=ii. ; incline towards; be attached to one's companion, &c. •xli- huld, everlastingness, eternity ; paradise ; vigorous old age ; pi. hilada-t, ear-ring, bracelet ; — huld, hald, *, pi. mandjiz, mole (animal) ; — halad, mind, heart, yJuS. 336 d^ thought ; — 6 halada-t, pi. halad, ear-ring, bracelet. (ij-^) halas, I, INF. hah, hilUsa, snatch away clandestinely, rob by surprise, steal ; — iii. inf. muhi'dasa-t, snatch from (ace.) ; do anything furtively ; dodge ; — IV. INF. ihlds, be half withered and half green ; be half grey ; — V. INF. tahallus, rob ; — viii. inf. ihtilas, snatch, rob. (j~l=- huls, pi. of halsa ; — i hulsa-t, pi. hulas, sudden robbery ; secret theft ; stolen good. ^— li halsa', pi. huls, half grey (f.) ; aged woman. (yoU.) halas, u, inf. huliis, hdUsa-t, be pure, genuine ; inf. huliis, happen, happen to ; protect, preserve ; save one's self, escape safely ; finish, complete ; — also halls. A, INF. halas, be broken in several places ; — ii. inf. tahlis, purify, clean ; love sin- cerely ; deliver, rescue, save ; extricate one's self out of a plight ; take the best j)art ; — III. INF. muh'ilasa-t, act with faithfulness and sincerity to- wards (ace.) ; — IV. INF. ihlds, purify, clean; be sincere; — v. INF. tahallus, get freed, saved, rescued ; free one's self, etc. ; escape; — x. inf. istihlds, wish for sincerely ; demand a thing pure, unadulterated, in best quality ; apjjropriate ; rescue, tree, loosen. yoU. hils, pi. huJasf'i', hidsdn, sincere friend ; — hullas, pi. of yoS^ hdlis, pure, &c. (LU.) halat, i, inf. halt, mix ; tell every secret to, initiate in every- thing ; — II. INF. tiihlil, mix well; confuse; — iii. iiUF. hildf, iiiuhdlala-t, mix with people ; have intercourse with, visit fre- quently ; meet ; lie with ; — iv. INF. iUdt, cover (a mare) ; mix with (s-> 60 ; — viii. inf. ihtlldt, be mixed, mingled ; be in con- fusion ; get confused, grow pas- sionate. !=ls- halt, halif, everybody's friend ; stupid ; fool ; — halt, mixing (s.), mixture ; confusion, mis- take, misunderstanding ; 1=L* fc halt malt, hurly-burly ; — hilt, pi. ahldt, mixture ; the four fundamental humours of the body ; chyme ; ti-» t hilt milt, of mixed blood ; mixed fodder ; medley ; — huliif, pi. of !=-li- /lalit ; — 5 hilta-t, hulta-t, social intercourse, friendship ; (m.) share in a business, &c. U=li- hulatd' , pi. of !a-l^ halit. (J^ hiUiyy, humorous. (^) hala', INF. hal', draw out slowly, take from beneath ; pull off, strip ; depose, dethrone, abdicate ; repudiate ; rebel, re- volt ; lead a self-willed life ; unhinge a door ; — inf. hal', dismiss a wife renouncing her dowry ; invest with a ro'oe of honour; — halu', inf. halu'a-t, lead a dissolute life and be given up by one's people ; — il. inf. iahli', draw out, extract ; remove ; (m.) sprain, jsut out of joint, unhinge; — ill. inf. muhdla'a-t, ask for a divorce; play at dice ; — v. inf. tahallu', be taken out, taken away, re- moved ; be sprained, relaxed, contorted ; get unhinged ; be given to drink ; — vi. inf. tahdln', divorce from one an- other ; break a contract mutu- ally ; — VII. INF. inhild', uet extracted, drawn out, removed ; abdicate, resign ; be sprained, relaxed ; — viii. inf. ihtild', obtain a divorce by renouncing the dowry ; deprive one of his property. ^ hal', dethronement, deposi- tion, abdication, dismissal ; revolt, rebellion ; — hid', di- vorce; — i hil'a-t, -p\. hila', robe of honour ; — hul'a-t, divorce at ^ 337 (jli tlie wife's wish ; also hil'a-t, the best part of a property. ^«i^ haViV , hyena ; • — hula'i'!', pi. of ^fM- hall'. (gl*l^) hala'la', female hyena. (i_flld.) halaf, V, (a), inf. hilnfa-f, MUifa, come after, follow, suc- ceed ; remain behind of (y.c 'an), not equal, survive ; seize from behind ; flee ; compen- sate ; — INF. li'di'ifa-t, huliif, be stupid ; degenerate ; — inf. hal- fa-t, patch up ; compensate, restore ; marry a woman {^_^ 'ala) after her husband's death ; — INF. huliif, htiliifa-t, have foul breath (from fasting) ; be deteriorated, putrid ; — halif, a, INF. halaf, lean towards one side in walking ; be big with young ; be left-handed ; have only one eye; — ii. inf. tahlf, allow another to get behind one's self ; choose for a suc- cessor ; leave descendants, beget children, give birth, drop young ones ; — iii. inf. hildf, mv- hiilafa-f, disa^jree, contradict, thwart ; transgress the law ; caper in walking, &c. ; — iv. INF. ihh-tf, break a promise ; com- pensate for a loss ; jjatch up ; — V. INF. tahalluf, lag behind; follow, succeed; — ^vi. inf. ta- hdluf, be of an opposite opinion, contradict one another, oppose one another ; — viii. inf. ihtildf, disagree ; be heterogeneous, vary ; turn to one to adopt his opinions, to learn from him ; be a successor or substitute ; — X. INF. istihldf, wish or appoint for one's successor or substi- tute. -.ali. /laJf, behind, after ; back ; successor, descendant ; descend- ants ; posterity ; ^^\ t half al-bdb, bolt; — pi. huliif > short rib ; descendant ; absent from the tribe or just returned; — hilf, contradictory, different ; discord ; pi. ahldf, short rib ; udder or teat of a camel ; — hn/f, pi. ahldf, contradictory ; deceptive ; not according to jsromise ; breach of word ; dis- cord ; fault; — halaf, pi. ahldf, coming after, successor, descend- ant, offspring ; apprentice ; con- sequence, requital ; recompense ; — £ hilfa-t, difference of opinion ; disagreement ; contradiction ; coming after or behind, suc- cessor ; succession ; relapse, return of an illness ; diarrhoea ; — hulfa-t, difference of opinion ; difference ; contradiction, con- trast ; refractoriness ; vice, fault ; stupidity, foolishness ; pi. hulaf, after-taste ; loss of appetite ; — halifa-t, camel big with young. Villi- hulafd', pi. of in«li- halifa-t. i_jiUli halfdniyy, coming behind or after ; back part. (i_QaU.) hulfuf (m. and f.), f. also ' , stupid. iJJ^ hilafna-t, uiAiiU. hilafiidt (m. and f., sing, and pi.), who is of a totally diiferent opinion ; strong divergence of opinion. (_5oli. halafiyy, following each other, successive. ((jli) halaq, u, inf. halq, create ; invent ; determine according to weight and measure ; polish a speech ; smoothe, level ; fit to one another, adapt ; sew to- gether ; — INF. halq, halqa-t, measure out leather, &c., before cutting it ; — haliq, a, inf. halaq, be worn out, threadbare ; be smooth, level ; — haluq, inf. huld- qa-t, haldqa-t, be smooth, level ; be suitable, fit; inf. haldqa-t, be of a good disposition ; inf. hulCiqa-t, halaq, be worn out, threadbare ; — li. inf. tahliq, create ; form beautiful ; level, smoothe ; invent lies ; perfume ; — III. INF. inuhdlaqa-t, show a handsome disposition towards 43 (jli 338 ^ (ace.) ; — IV. INF. ihluq, wear out, use up, fray ; be worn out, threadbare ; — v. iNr. tahalluq, invent ; form one's self after another ; take after his cha- racter or manners ; change one's character ; be impreg- nated with perfumes ; grow angry against (^_^ 'ala) ; — vni. INF. ihtilciq, invent, feign, forge lies ; be suited to (v» U) ; — XII. ihlaulaq, inf. ihliliiq, be level and smooth ; be very much worn out. ijls- halq, creation ; creatures ; man- kind ; people ; — hulq, huluq, pi. ahldq, natural disposition ; in- born quality ; manners ; (m.) anger, irritation ; bravery ; religion ; humanity, refinement ; — halaq (m. and f .), f . also 6 , pi. hulqdn, ahldq, worn, thread- bare ; rags ; old age ; men, people ; — haliq, having good endowments or natural dispo- sition ; — i hilqa-t, pi. hilaq, natural shape, inborn quality ; make ; face ; halqat-an, hj nature ; — hulqa-t, creation ; character ; — halaqa-t, pi. halaq, rags, tatters. Vak. halqd', f. of ijl^-^ ahlaq, smooth, level, &c. ; — hvlaqd', pi. of ij*!^ kaliq. (jali halqiyy, » , produced by nature, natural ; — hulqiyy, natural, inborn ; — i halqiyya-i, creation. (;^«alii halq'in, pi. haJdqin, kettle. Jli halal, pi. hildl, break of con- tinuity, intermission ; laxity ; breach ; rent, split, interstice, interval ; gap ; hiatus ; cavity ; cell ; disorder ; disturbance (of the mind) ; fault, defect, injury, damage; pi. of iU halla-t ; — hilal, pi. of ili hilla-t; — hvlal, pi. of *1^ huUa-i. {fS^), II. hallam, inf. tahVnn, choose, elect, select; — iii. inf. muhdlama-t, contract a friend- ship with (ace.); — VIII. inf. ihtildm, choose, select. ^ hilm, pi. hulamrV, ahldm, friend, comrade. (jjj-jii halamli'is, marcasite ; flint- stone. gjdd. halanj, a tree of whose wood vessels were made ; (m.) quite new. (Jii.) hald, u, INF. hahV, huluww, be void, empty, vacant ; be free, at leisure, have time for; desist from ; fail ; keep to one dish ; come to an empty, soli- tary, or secret place ; be one's exclusive property ; pass, have passed ; mock at ; — inf. halw, be alone with in private ; retire to or be in a private place ; retire alone ; admit without a witness ; — ii. inf. tahliya-t, empty, void ; leave, let ; Ireep alive, spare ; dismiss, set free ; — III. INF. muh/ih'ii, leave, leave off, let ; — IV. INF. ihh'i, empty or have emptied ; set apart ; find a place empty ; find a secret place; be empty, secret, private ; be with one or find one with another alone in a private place ; admit without a witness ; — v. inf. iahalli, be alone with, have commerce only with, make use of one's ex- clusive service ; have nothing to do with, withdraw one's hand from, renounce, repudiate; be weakened, depressed ; — viii. inf. ihtilu, retire into solitude, lead a solitary life ; be euiptv, void, free, vacant; ask for ad- mission without a witness. ^ hilir, pi. ahhV, alone in a private place ; empty, free, va- cant ; rid of ; — huluww, empti- ness ; vacuum, empty space ; being without occupation, at leisure; unconcern; hiiluicw-an III hi, without, except ; inf. of (^) ; — l