AS 3 5 
 
 BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME 
 FROM THE 
 
 SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND 
 
 THE GIFT OF 
 
 Henrig W. Sage 
 
 1891 
 
 Aiio^n mpifi:.. 
 
Cornell University Library 
 PJ 2533.E92 
 
 Somall-Enallsh and EnaNsh-Somali dictio 
 
 3 1924 026 888 820 
 
 DATE DUE 
 
 51^32 
 
 
 .OAN 
 
 PRINTEDINU.S.A. 
 
Cornell University 
 Library 
 
 The original of tiiis book is in 
 tine Cornell University Library. 
 
 There are no known copyright restrictions in 
 the United States on the use of the text. 
 
 http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924026888820 
 
SOMALI-ENGLISH 
 
 AND 
 
 EKGLISH-SOMALI DICTIONARY. 
 
SOMALI -ENGLISH 
 
 AND 
 
 ENGLISH-SOMALI 
 DIOTIONAEY. 
 
 BY 
 
 Rev. Fe. EVANGELIST de LARAJASSE,' 
 
 MISS. APOST. OKD. SS. FBANCISCI CAP. PBOTINCIjE LUGDTJNENSIS ALUMNUS. 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 EJIGAN PAUL, TEENCH, TKUBNEE & CO., Ltd., 
 
 Paternosteu House, Chaeing Caosa Eoad. 
 
 1897 
 -^ P 
 
LONDON : 
 PRINTED BY GILBERT AND EIVINGTON, LIMITED, 
 
 ST. John's house, olbreenwell, e.o. 
 
PEEFACE. 
 
 The few books published on the Somali language being in- 
 sufficient for anyone wishing to learn it, we, in order to have a 
 basis for a further and thorough study of it, have committed 
 to print this Somali-English and English-Somali Dictionary, 
 although it is not as yet perfect and complete. 
 
 For writing Somali phonetically we have employed, firstly, 
 the Eoman characters with their Latin pronunciation ; secondly, 
 some signs used in the Syrian alphabet (S. J. Beyrouth) for the 
 transliteration of Arabic into Eoman characters, and letter d, as 
 explained in the following alphabetical table : — 
 
 
 Sounds. 
 
 
 Sounds. 
 
 
 Sounds. 
 
 Letters. 
 
 
 Letters. 
 
 
 
 Letters. 
 
 
 Latin. 
 
 English. 
 
 Latin. 
 
 English. 
 
 Iiatin. 
 
 English. 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 ah 
 
 h 
 
 as ch in 
 
 German 
 
 ( sh 
 
 es 
 
 ess 
 
 b 
 
 be 
 
 bay 
 
 k 
 
 ke 
 
 kay 
 
 
 shay 
 
 (d 
 
 de 
 
 day 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 e 
 
 t 
 
 te 
 
 tay 
 
 id 
 
 cerebral. 
 
 J 
 
 dje 
 
 jay 
 
 u 
 
 u 
 
 00 
 
 e 
 
 
 
 ay 
 
 1 
 
 el 
 
 ell 
 
 w 
 
 as in English. 
 
 f 
 
 ef 
 
 ayff 
 
 m 
 
 em 
 
 emm 
 
 y 
 
 ie 1 e-ay 
 
 S 
 
 g 
 
 gay 
 
 n 
 
 en 
 
 enn 
 
 'aa"ee' 
 
 ^ Sounded 
 
 (h 
 
 he 
 
 hay 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 'ii' '00' 
 
 (■ as with s 
 
 n 
 
 strong 
 
 aspirate. 
 
 r 
 
 er 
 
 air 
 
 'uu' 
 
 ) J 
 
 i.rabio. 1 
 
 The letters a, e, i, o, u, w, are vowels ; ai, ei, au, aw, ow are 
 
VI PREFACE. 
 
 diphthongs; w, however, is only a vowel when following the 
 letters a and o, forming with them the diphthongs aw and ow. 
 All the other letters are consonants. 
 
 OF THE PEONUNCIATION OF THE LETTEES. 
 
 Peonunciation of the Vowels. 
 Simple Vowels. 
 
 a 
 is either long or short : 
 
 when long it is pronounced as in English " father." 
 
 „ short „ „ „ "cat, mat." 
 
 e 
 
 has the sound of a in such words as " face, space " ; but when 
 this vowel stands before a consonant ending a syllable, it has 
 nearly the sound of a in the word "care." Ex. ader, "paternal 
 uncle," pronounced ah-dare. 
 
 i 
 is either long or short. 
 
 When long it is pronounced as i in " ravine." 
 
 „ short „ „ " spin." 
 
 When i is either preceded or followed by h, or when marked 
 
 with ' ('i and 1') it has nearly the sound of e. 
 
 
 
 is sounded like o in the word " tone," when it is long. 
 „ „ ,, "Tom" „ short. 
 
 Ex. sor, " food," pronounced sore ; kol, " time," pronounced holl. 
 
PREFACE. VU 
 
 has the sound of oo in the word " pool" when long, and that of 
 u in the word "pull" when short. Ex. giir, "marriage," pro- 
 nounced goore; gur, "pick up," pronounced goor. When u is 
 either preceded or followed by hard consonants, as h, h, it is 
 sometimes pronounced nearly ^s u in " tusk." 
 
 c ('ain) 
 
 The Arabic guttural sound of c (the pronunciation of which 
 can be learnt only from a native) being of frequent occurrence 
 in the Somali language, the vowels a, e, i, o, u when having that 
 sound are marked with a reversed comma ('), either on their 
 right or their left, as shown in the table. 
 
 Pronunciation q/ the Diphthongs. 
 
 ai 
 
 is pronounced by some as i in the word "Bible," and as ai in the 
 word " paint " by others. 
 
 In a few words these two letters must be sounded separately ; 
 in that case the letter 1 will be marked with two dots (i). 
 
 ei 
 
 has the sound of ei in the English "feign." 
 
 au 
 is sounded as ow in the word " cow." 
 
 aw 
 has the same sound as au, but is used to represent that sound 
 in words where other vowels follow, and also in attributive verbs. 
 
VIU PREFACE. 
 
 OW 
 
 This diplithong has a kind of hollow sound like that of oh-oo 
 pronounced in an empty cask. 
 
 Consonants. 
 b 
 
 is sounded as in English " baby," but more forcibly and with a 
 sort of jj sound. 
 
 d 
 has a clear and distinct sound as in the English " did." 
 
 a 
 
 is the cerebral d of the Sanscrit. Some Somal pronounce this 
 consonant nearly as rd in English " hard," " card " ; its proper 
 pronunciation can be attained only by practice. There is, 
 however, not very much difference between the pronunciation 
 of d and d at the commencement and at the end of words. In 
 pronouncing d the tongue is allowed to appear between the teeth, 
 whereas to pronounce d the tongue must be somewhat curved 
 against the front of the palate. 
 
 f 
 
 as in English " for," " if." 
 
 S 
 
 is invariably hard, as in English "gamble," "give," "get." 
 
 h 
 
 is an aspirate strongly breathed out from the chest, like the 
 Arabic 9- " ha." 
 
PKEFACE. IX 
 
 h 
 
 as in English " hare." 
 
 h 
 
 represents the sounds of the three Arabic letters ?- (3 f • 
 Most Somal pronounce any one of those sounds like the German 
 ch as pronounced in Switzerland in the words "chirurg," 
 " hochzeit," " loch," the guttural pronunciation not being the 
 same everywhere. In order to avoid confusion and multipli- 
 cation of sounds we have adopted this sign, although we know 
 that nearly two-thirds of these words commence with the 
 Arabic J. 
 
 k 
 as in English " kite " ; it is interchangeable with g. 
 
 as in English "jump," "lily." 
 
 m, n 
 as in English " mammon," " noon." 
 
 r 
 
 This consonant is generally strongly sounded, like rr in 
 " parrot." There are a few exceptions where it is sounded 
 nearly as cerebral d. 
 
 s 
 is a strong sibilant resembling ss in English " hiss." 
 
 sh 
 as in English " shore." 
 
X PREFACE. 
 
 t 
 
 is sounded as in English "tattoo," and is interchangeable with d. 
 
 w 
 
 as in English " walk." 
 
 y 
 
 as in English " yes," " York." In some words this letter is 
 pronounced like th in the English " loathe." Ex. maya, "no," 
 pronounced matha. 
 
 The consonants p, v, and z do not exist in the Somali 
 alphabet as separate letters, but their sounds have a reciprocal 
 correspondence to those of the letters b, f b, and s^p to b, v to 
 f and b, z to s. 
 
 With a view to economize space, indefinite nouns to which 
 either the definite article or the endings of indefinite plural is 
 added, will be represented by the sign ( — ). When there is no 
 possibility of confusion, the word at the head of an article is also 
 represented by the sign ( — ) in the phrases and locutions ex- 
 plained, as also in compound words formed from it by the addi- 
 tion of a syllable, particle, or another word when they follow in 
 the same paragraph. 
 
 In Somali, for a great number of nouns, the gender is quite 
 arbitrary, as in French, aild can be known only by the definite 
 singular article ; therefore, with each noun, except with those 
 ending in o (which are mostly of feminine gender, and in taking 
 the article di change final o into a), we indicate the article, as 
 wil, m.n., " a boy," — ki. gabad, f.71., " a girl," — di. 
 
PKEFACB. XI 
 
 Polysyllabic or dissyllabic nouns ending with a con'sonant 
 generally form their indefinite plural by adding o ; those ending 
 in i by adding yo ; those ending in a, ai, and eh by adding yal ; 
 feminine monosyllabic nouns by adding o ; and dissyllabic or 
 polysyllabic feminine nouns ending in o by adding in. Mas- 
 culine monosyllabic nouns form their plural by repeating the 
 final consonant preceded by the vowel a. Ex. der, " gazelle " ; 
 derar, "gazelles." 
 
 For all nouns not following the rules given above, the d^f. 
 art. and ]jlur. will be indicated thus : 
 
 gabad,/.w., "a girl"; — di, gabdo (plur.) 
 ilig, m.n., " a tooth " ; — gi, ilko (plur.) 
 
 The root or simplest form of the Somali verb being the second 
 person singular of the imperative, all the verbs will be given 
 in that form, to which we add the forms of the second person 
 plural of the imperative and that of the aorist when they are 
 not regularly formed according to the abridged rules below ; for 
 from these three forms the other principal tenses of the verb 
 may be formed by the addition of terminations [see Gram.). 
 
 EULES. 
 
 1st. Verbs ending with a consonant generally form the 
 second person plural of the imperative by adding a, and the 
 aorist by adding i, to the root. 
 
 Ex. abur, " create," " produce (thou) " ; —a, " create (ye 
 or you) " ; wan — i, " I will create." 
 
Xll PREFACE . 
 
 2nd. Verbs ending in i, ai, ei, form the second person plural of 
 the imperative by adding ya to the root, and the aorist by 
 adding n. 
 
 Ex. badi, " increase " ; — ya, " increase (ye or you) " ; wan 
 — n, " I will increase." 
 adai, " clean " ; — ya, " clean (ye or you) " ; wan — n, 
 " I will clean." 
 
 3rd. Verbs ending in o, aw, ow, form the second person plural 
 of imperative in ada, and the aorist in an. 
 
 Ex. hubso, "meditate"; hubsada, "meditate (ye or you)"; 
 wan hubsan, " I vcill meditate." 
 wanaksanaw, " be (thou) good " ; wanaksanada, " be 
 (ye or you) good " ; wan wanaksanan, " I will 
 be good." 
 humow, " be (thou) bad '' ; humada, " be (ye or you) 
 bad " ; wan human, " I will be bad." 
 
 N.B. Exceptions to the above rules will be indicated as 
 follows : — i.e., the whole word given when there is any change 
 in the root, and the root represented by the sign ( — ) when 
 there is none. 
 
 Ex. tag, " go " ; — a ; wan tegi. 
 
 madow, " be black " ; — ba ; wan — bi. 
 sido, " take and carry " ; sita ; wan sidan. 
 dahamow, " be chilly " ; dahamoda ; wan dahamon. 
 'ai, "curse," "abuse"; —a, or 'aitama; wan 'ai. 
 
 Somals have taken a great number of words from the Arabic. 
 These words they use with their own article, particles, and pro- 
 nouns as real Somali words. Ex. albab, " the door " in Arabic 
 
PEEFACE. Xin 
 
 is used by Somals in this way: albab, "a door"; albabyo, 
 "doors"; albabki, "the door "; albabyadi, "the doors." They 
 do the same with any words which they adopt from other 
 languages. 
 
 The character of the Somali language being so very different 
 from that of the English, we give one or more examples in 
 the case of words which present some difficulty. 
 
 Article, demonstrative and possessive adjectives and pro- 
 nouns, personal pronouns, and particles are given at the com- 
 mencement of their appropriate letters. 
 
 Somali is an accentuated language. As for its pronunciatipn 
 it is of great importance to know, upon what vowel or syllable 
 the stress of the voice is to be laid, we mark those vowels with 
 an accent ('). Vowels which of themselves are long are 
 marked with the sign (—). As a general rule the accent falls 
 on the penultimate syllable ; consequently words which follow 
 this rule are not marked. 
 
 The Somali words are here given as they are used and pro- 
 nounced in Berberah. We indicate first the root or chief word, 
 and afterwards the derivatives, without paying any attention 
 to alphabetical sequence ; and this in order to facilitate the 
 study of the language. In the Alphabetical Table the letter k 
 immediately follows h, because their sounds are nearly alike. 
 
 We give in a Supplement the new Somali words used in 
 the English-Somali part, because we have found them after 
 having sent the Somali-English part to press. 
 
 For some words in very common use, we have given as many 
 sentences as possible, that the student may be able to find out 
 either what word or sentence he has to use for expressing his idea. 
 
EXPLANATION OF THE ABBKEVIATIONS. 
 
 Definite 
 
 . def. 
 
 Pronoun reflexive . . . 
 
 ... p.re/. 
 
 indefinite 
 
 . indef. 
 
 „ relative... 
 
 .. p.rel. 
 
 gender 
 
 gend. 
 
 Verb 
 
 .. V. 
 
 masculine 
 
 VI. 
 
 „ transitive . . . 
 
 .. v.tr. 
 
 feminine 
 
 /■ 
 
 „ intransitive . . . 
 
 .. v.int. 
 
 Article 
 
 art. 
 
 „ passive 
 
 .. v.p. 
 
 Noun 
 
 n. 
 
 „ causative 
 
 .. v.c. 
 
 singular 
 
 . sing. 
 
 „ reflexive 
 
 .. v.r. 
 
 plural 
 
 pi. 
 
 ,, attributive ... 
 
 .. v.att. 
 
 Adjective 
 
 . a. 
 
 „ impersonal ... 
 
 .. v.imp. 
 
 ,, possessive 
 
 . a. p. 
 
 „ defective 
 
 .. v.def. 
 
 ,, demonstrative 
 
 a.d. 
 
 Adverb 
 
 .. adv. 
 
 ,, verbal 
 
 . a.v. 
 
 Preposition 
 
 .. prp. 
 
 Numeral cardinal 
 
 n.c. 
 
 Conjunction 
 
 .. conj. 
 
 ,, ordinal 
 
 . n.o. 
 
 Interjection 
 
 .. int. 
 
 „ indefinite 
 
 . n.i. 
 
 Particle 
 
 .. part. 
 
 ,, distributive .. 
 
 . n.d. 
 
 „ interrogative 
 
 ..part.int 
 
 Pronoun 
 
 . prn. 
 
 „ negative ... 
 
 . .part.neg 
 
 ,, personal 
 
 . p.pers. 
 
 affix 
 
 ... aff. 
 
 „ demonstrative 
 
 dem.prn. 
 
 chapter 
 
 ... eh. 
 
 „ possessive 
 
 . pos.prn. 
 
 grammar 
 
 ... gram. 
 
 „ interrogative . 
 
 . int. prn. 
 
 See 
 
 ... see. 
 
EREATA. 
 
 Part I. — Somali-English. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 1 Bead anign, adigu, ainu, instead of auigo, adigo, aino. 
 3 „ abud, instead of abud. 
 
 3 Under 'ad, read 'ad'ad, 'ad'adki, instead of 'adad, 'adadki. 
 5 ,, afimad, read ba wa ladnabai, instead of ba wa lad- 
 
 uabai. 
 7 „ 'ala'al, read 'ala'alkisi bu i siyai, instead of 'ala'al- 
 
 kisi bu i syiai. 
 10 ,, ardab, the article must be — gi, instead of — hi. 
 
 22 „ bobun, read nef an, instead of nefan, 
 
 25 „ dabbalo, read wan dabbalan, instead of wan dabbahan. 
 
 30 „ danan, read far£(ska danana, instead of faraska danan. 
 
 35 Bead digrin, instead of di grin. 
 47 Under fofi, read holihi ban so fofiyai, instead of holihi ban 
 
 so fofai. 
 51 „ so gelis, read wilka so geliskisu, instead of wilka so 
 
 gelis kisu. 
 57 Bead gududonni, instead of gududouni. 
 63 Under hal, read wa rttn o wah bun ban kugu falai, lakin 
 iminka hal ban ka sinaya, instead of wa rnn o 
 wah hun ban kugu falaiyai, lakin iminka hal 
 ban ka siyai. 
 63 Bead haUau, instead of hallan. 
 
 67 In the examples given under hebel, read 'unai, instead of unai. 
 71 For hog, v.ir., 'extort,' read hog, instead of hog. 
 
ERRATA. 
 PAGE 
 
 74 In the examples given under habo, read i la habo, instead of 
 ila babo. 
 
 76 Under haib, ad., ' well,' read ' tell me, him, us, all well,' in- 
 
 stead of ' tell me, him, us, all is well.' 
 
 77 „ hamis, f.n., ' Thursday,' read hamista dambe, instead 
 
 of hamista dambe. 
 81 „ horin, read inanka horinkisu ..., instead of inanka 
 
 fartisu .... 
 83 ,, ma karo, read hadi kari wah, instead of hudi kari 
 
 wah. 
 86 ,, kibis, read kibis habow, instead of kibis habow. 
 
 90 „ idlow, read dauga Bulahar ..., instead of danga Bu- 
 
 lahar .... 
 
 91 Eead ka 'il hel, instead of ka 'il bel, 
 
 96 Under jer, 'time,' read sadeh jer, instead of sadehjer. 
 98 Eead kaga jirihi, instead of kaga jirihi. 
 102 Under ma'anaiso, read sunkorta hawahha ku ma'anaiso, in- 
 stead of sunkorta hawahha knma'auaiso. 
 105 „ malin, read malintan todobadkeda, instead of malin- 
 
 tau todobad keda. 
 
 105 Bead manto leili, instead of manto laili. 
 
 106 Under mari, read darka birrta marl, instead of darka birrta, 
 
 'iron the clothes.' 
 113 Bead nolan, instead of nolau. 
 1 27 Under sibrar, read shagul, instead of chagul. 
 133 „ tiri, read mid mid u, instead of midmidu. 
 
 139 Bead la wah, instead of lah wah. 
 143 ,, wetrweir, instead of weiweir. 
 
EEEATA. XTU 
 
 Part. II. — English-Somali. 
 
 Careful as we have been in revising the proofs, there are nevertheless 
 some words not quite correct, especially in the use of the letters d or 
 d, and h., h, h, and sometimes the sign ' before the vowels. But the 
 reader will, either by the help of the Dictionary itself or by the 
 context, easily detect these mistakes. 
 
 Here, therefore, we give only the most important corrections. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 150 Under about, read sidi hore lo yidi, instead of ... idi. 
 
 151 ,, absolutely, read haib, instead of haib. 
 
 154 „ aftm; read beri dambe, instead of beri beri dambe. 
 
 155 ,, alive, read nol, jira, instead of nol jira. 
 
 156 „ altar, read madbah, instead of masbah. 
 
 157 ,, awMse, read jalbebo, — bebta, instead of jalbebo, bebta, 
 
 158 „ approach, read u — , ku dowai, instead of u ku dowai. 
 160 ,, as, read sidu u hodmai, instead of ... odmai. 
 
 160 „ asleep, read badna wa so jedai, instead of ba dna .... 
 
 165 „ harh, read mai'dah, instead of maidah. 
 
 168 „ Serae^cewi, read' deb badan, instead of deh badan. 
 
 173 ,, breali, read ka dangalahsi instead of dangalasM. 
 
 175 „ broiose, read adigi wa ..., instead of adigi .... 
 
 175 „ bucMe, read hadabo, instead of hadabo. 
 
 175 „ bugalow, read hanjad, instead of hanyad. 
 
 178 „ care, read ilali, jir, instead of ilali jir. 
 
 180 „ cheat, read h (hayano), instead of h. 
 
 182 „ clamour, read sawahan, instead of sawahan. 
 
 185 „ commit, read shubulkas adan kugu, instead of . . . hugu. 
 
 193 „ deprive, read da'anaw, ba laga feado, instead of da'anaw 
 ha laga .... 
 
EEEATA. 
 PAGE 
 
 194 Under difference, read maha idin dehaiya, instead of ... dehaiga. 
 
 196 ,, dog, do not read hymna alone, but liymna dog. 
 
 199 „ earth, read if, — ki, instead of 11, — ki. 
 
 206 „ flm, read maskahdenu, instead of mas ka'denu. 
 
 216 „ go, read hagga u ka', instead of hagga' u ka'. 
 
 225 „ hunger, read hahad, instead of harhad. 
 
 227 ,, inhospitability, read marti hadis, instead of morti .... 
 
 229 „ issued, read bah, instead of bah. 
 
 232 „ law, read haul, instead, of haul. 
 
 237 „ male, read hod, — di, instead of hododi. 
 
 241 „ mystification, read luggoyo, instead of uggoyo. 
 
 246 ,, participate, read haibso, instead of haibso. 
 
 249 „ plain, read mel wasa'ah, doho, instead of . . . wasa'ah doho. 
 
 253 „ ;proverh, read mahmah, instead of mahmah. 
 
 254 „ race, read holo, instead of holo. 
 
 272 „ straight, read hiyas and humi, instead of hiyas, humi. 
 
Part I. 
 
 SOMALI- ENGLISH 
 
 VOCABULAEY 
 
S0M4LI-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
 
 a, df.art., the, {aff.) used with its 
 
 support. 
 ib, ad., this, that, {aff.) used with 
 
 its support. 
 ^i «/'•> pointing out indefinite- 
 , ness. 
 ai, a, aya (ayo), a.p., my, thy, 
 
 ours (aff.). 
 an (ana), ani, aniga (anigo), 
 
 p.pers., I or me. 
 ad (ada), adi, adiga (adigo), 
 
 p.pers., thou or thee. 
 ai, p.pers., she and they. 
 anno (aino), annaga, p.pers., we 
 
 or us. 
 aidin, or adin, p.pers., you (»/".). 
 a'al, orahal, /.ra., slime or viscous 
 
 matter mixed with blood (in 
 
 dysentery). — sM. 
 'ab, v.tr., drink (this verb is used 
 
 for any liquid except milk. 
 
 co£Fee, and broth); biyaha 'ab, 
 
 drink water ; dawada 'ab, 
 
 drink the medicine ; biyo 'ab 
 
 hamri iss ka da, drink water 
 
 and not wine ; biyaha la 'ab, 
 
 the water is drunk. 
 
 'absi, v.c, cause or give to drink ; 
 i 'absi, make me or give me to 
 drink. 
 
 'abad, m.n., camel's grunting 
 (while its burden is fastened 
 on). — ki; aur 'abadked ma 
 je'li, I do not like the camel's 
 grunting. 
 
 abah, m.n., time of birth.— hi; 
 hasM nerig bai abahha kn 
 dashai or dalatai, the she- 
 camel brought forth her young 
 one. 
 
 abaho, f.n., coupling of camels. 
 
 abah, m.n., lean animal. — hi ; 
 aurkasi wa geli abahah, that 
 camel is lean. 
 
 abah, v.i., be lean ; wu abihi, he 
 will be lean, 
 
 abihi, v.c, cause to be lean. 
 
 'abai, v.tr., load a gun ; bunduha 
 'abai, load the gun. 
 
 abal, m.n., gratitude, acknow- 
 ledgment, remuneration, re- 
 quital. — ki; abalka an ku (p7. 
 idin) habo or haiyo weligi wu 
 jiri, my gratitude for you will 
 last for ever; hadiyadda an ku 
 so diro wa abalkan ku haba 
 
ABA 
 
 ABS 
 
 6r haiya, the gift I send you 
 is an acknowledgment ; wa 
 abalka, it is your requital ; 
 abal u hab, be grateful ; abal 
 ban ad ugu habai or abal ada 
 y an u habai, I was very grateful 
 to liim; wahhasi wa abalkai, 
 it is for my gratitude. 
 
 abalgiid, m.n., reward. — ki. 
 
 (u) abalgud, v.tr., reward ; i 
 abalgfud, reward me ; wan ku 
 abalsrudai, I rewarded you. 
 
 abilg'udi, v.tr., reward (only used 
 by some, especially by people 
 "trom the west). 
 
 abalgudah or abalgadleh, a., 
 grateful. 
 
 abalmari, v.tr.,'be grateful, thank, 
 reward.— ya or abalmarsha, 
 wan — n; aniga abbaha abal- 
 mariyai, I was grateful to the 
 father. 
 
 abar, f.n., drought, sterility, 
 famine. — ti ; bilad somalied 
 abar ba ka da'dai or bilad 
 somalied o dami abar wa 
 lehyahai, there is everywhere 
 drought in the Somali country ; 
 wa abar, there is famine ; 
 abarta mesbas ka da'dai ad 
 ba lo ogyahai, the sterility of 
 that place is well known. 
 
 abar, v.tr., famish, kill, starve. 
 
 abba, m.n., father. — hi ; aiya 
 abba, or abbai, or abbo ! my 
 father. 
 
 abban, m.n.f friend, protector, 
 guide, condtictor. — ki; (guest 
 and host are abban;) abban 
 £ulai, m.7i., chief, leader. 
 
 abbanso, v.r., become friend 
 witli ; ninkas abbanso, put 
 yourself under the protection 
 of that man, or become friend 
 with that man. 
 
 'abbar, m.n., moment, short time, 
 a while. — ki; 'abbar jog, wait 
 a moment ; 'abbar la hadso, 
 sit a moment with him. 
 
 abeiso, f.n., kind of (short) 
 jioisonous snake. 
 
 abguri, f.n., kind of (large) 
 poisonous snake. — di, 
 
 abhad, f.n., small box made with 
 the bark of trees tacked to- 
 gether. — di, 
 
 abhi, v.i., preach, scold. 
 
 abho, f.n., fruit of a thorny tree 
 called huda', of which sheep 
 and goats are very fond. 
 
 abid and abki, ad., never (these 
 words are never employed alone 
 as given, but inflected according 
 to the person speaking orspoken 
 of (s. gram.). 
 
 abodi, m.n., large bird of prey, 
 having a red beak and red 
 lejjs. — gi 
 
 abor, m.n., Bpeoies of white ants 
 making their hills or houses in 
 the desert. — ki. 
 
 'absi, f.n., fear, danger, peril, un- 
 safety. — di. 
 
 'absi, v.tr., frighten, deter, 
 menace. 
 
 'abso, v.i., be afraid or frightened. 
 — da, wan — n. 
 
 'absila, a., fearless, without 
 dansjer. 
 
 'absileh, a., dangerous, perilous; 
 
ABT 
 
 ADA 
 
 war ! mel 'absileh ina gei, 
 
 take us to a dangerous place. 
 
 abti, m.n., maternal uncle. — gi ; 
 or lioyada walalked, the 
 mother's brother. 
 
 abtiri, v.i., give the genealogy. 
 
 abtirso, v.i., give your genealogy. 
 
 abtirsinyo, m.n., genealogy. — M; 
 'Issa abtirsiuyiMsi, the genea- 
 logy of Jesus. 
 
 •abud, v.tr., adore ; ha lagu 
 'abudo, be thou adored. 
 
 'abudnin, f.n., adoration, worship, 
 — ti. 
 
 abud, v.tr., shut, close (employed 
 lor small boxes), cork a bottle ; 
 abhadda abud, shut or close 
 the box ; haruradda abud. 
 
 'abud, v.tr., sufibcate ('abudi is 
 also used by some). 
 
 'abudan, v.p., be suffocated ; 
 'abudma, wan 'abudmi. 
 
 abur, m. or f.n., behaviour, con- 
 duct, temper. — ^ki or — ti; 
 aburkisu wa side? how dees 
 he behave 1 aburkisu wa sida, 
 he behaves so ; abur fi'an, 
 good temper ; abur huu, bad 
 temper. 
 
 abur, v.tr., produce, create. 
 
 aburan, v.p., be produced, created; 
 aburma, wan abtirmi, wan a- 
 burmai, I was created. 
 
 abureh, m.n., creator. — M. 
 
 aburan, m.n., creation. — ki; a- 
 bumin. — ti, f.n., is also used. 
 
 abiiran, a.v., created ; wah a- 
 bUran, a created thing. 
 
 ad, a. and ad., well, nioej good, 
 loud, strong (this word is an 
 
 adverb when u is added to it. 
 Ex. kitabkas wa ad, that book 
 is nice ; ad u tol, sew well ; 
 ad u hadal, speak well or 
 loudly ; ad u adkai, make it 
 strongly ;• ad u dis, build welL 
 
 'ad, m.n., piece of meat, flesh. 
 — ki (the plural 'adad is not 
 used by all) ; 'adki i dib, give 
 me the piece of meat ; 'adki i 
 wada ken or 'adadki i ken, 
 bring me the pieces of meat. 
 
 'ad, a., white. 
 
 'adai, v.tr., brighten, clean, polish, 
 whiten. 
 
 'adan, m. and /.«., whiteness, 
 fairness. — ki or — ti. 
 
 'adaw, v.att., be, become white 
 (no imperative) ; wan 'adan. 
 (When this verb is used in the 
 imperative it is a kind of 
 curse.) 
 
 'adaisnaw, v.att., remain or be 
 white, clean ; distigu wa 
 'adaisanyahai, the kettle is 
 ni.ide white or cleansed. 
 
 'adaisan,«.u.,madewhite,cleansed; 
 maro 'adaisan, clean linen. 
 
 'adaisnan, fn., cleanliness. — ti. 
 
 'adab, f.n., hell. — ti. ; 'adab yar, 
 purgatory. 
 
 dab 'adabed, m.n., hell fire. — ki. 
 
 'adab or 'adib, v.tr., torment, 
 torture; 'adab means also con- 
 demn to hell. 
 
 'adad, fn., kind of acacia tree 
 with stiff and bended .thornsy 
 gum-tree. — di. 
 
 adad, m.n., excresence of flesh in 
 a sore. — ki. 
 
 b2 
 
ADA 
 
 4 
 
 ADO 
 
 'adadi, m.«., cash (of brass money). 
 
 — gi- 
 
 'adadi, v.tr., press. (In tiie jungle 
 Somals, when making their en- 
 closure or fence round their 
 huts, press together the trees 
 cut for that purpose, in order 
 that the branches may be 
 straight, so as to form a close 
 and tough hedge.) 
 
 'adadis, m.n., pressing. — ki. 
 
 adag, a., dear (price), fast^ firm, 
 hard, strong, light, tough, per- 
 manent. (This word is used for 
 things only.) 
 
 adkai, v.tr., fasten, strengthen, 
 tighten, make strong. 
 
 ha lagu adka, v.p., be fastened. 
 
 adkaw, v.att., be firm, strong, 
 fastened. 
 
 ka adkaw, v.a., overcome him, 
 her; ka adka, he overcomes, 
 overcame him ; ka adkatai, 
 she overcomes, overcame ; wa 
 laga adka, adkadai, he, she is 
 overcome. 
 
 adah., f.n., spine or backbone 
 ridge. — di. 
 
 adai, m.n., arak tree (Capparis so- 
 data), small stick used by So- 
 mals for cleaning their teeth. — gi. 
 
 'adaisiino,/.w.,acame]withoutload 
 
 'adanyo, f.n., itching, irritation. 
 
 'adanyo or 'adanyod, v.i., have an 
 itching. — da, wan — n. 
 
 'adar, m.n., wandering clouds. — ki. 
 
 'adar, m.m., haziness, hazy weather, 
 drizzling rain. — ki (no plur.) ; 
 'adar da, it drizzles or drizzling 
 rain is falling. 
 
 adar, m.n., earthen pot with two 
 handles in which food is cooked. 
 — ki. 
 
 'addo, f.n., itch, nettle-rash. 
 
 'addo, /.«., moonlight (no plur.). 
 
 'ad'ed, /.«., rays of the sun, sun. 
 — di; eg! 'ad'eddi da'dai, 
 look! the sun is setting; war! 
 'ad'eddi so bahdai, iaa keua, 
 mesha ka so'onai, the rays of 
 the sun appear, let us go away 
 from the place. — di. 
 
 ader, m.n., paternal uncle. — ki. 
 
 aderyo, /.«., female koodoo ante- 
 lope {Utrepsieeros imberbis). 
 
 aderyo 'ari, lesser koodoo antelope 
 (used for both genders). 
 
 N.B. Somals generally make 
 no difference between aderyo 
 and aderyo 'ari. They call 
 the males godir, and the females 
 aderyo. 
 
 adi, m.n., goats and sheep (herd 
 of).— gi. 
 
 adi hal, m.n., butcher. — ki. 
 
 adi jir, m.n., shepherd.^ — ki. 
 
 adin, m.n., limb, member. — ki. 
 
 adin, v.tr., call to prayer ; adima, 
 wan adimi. 
 
 adimad, f.n., calling to the prayer. 
 — di. 
 
 'ado,/.M., anger, indignation, rage, 
 wrath (no plur.). 
 
 'ado, v.i., rage. — da, wan — n. 
 
 u 'ado, v.tr., rage against. 
 
 'adaisan, a.v., angry. 
 
 'adaisnaw, v.att., be angry. 
 
 'adaisi, with ka, v.c, provoke, 
 make him angry, enrage. 
 
 adon, m.n., negro, slave.— ki. 
 
ADO 
 
 AGA 
 
 adon, f.n., negress, slave, concu- 
 bine. — ti, 
 
 'adow, a. and m.n., cruel, ia- 
 liuman. 
 
 'adownimo, f.n., cruelty (no plur.). 
 
 af, m.n., mouth, language, dialect, 
 edge. — ki. 
 
 afayen, m.n., interpreter. 
 
 af badan, a., sharp ; mindi af 
 badan, a sharp knife. 
 
 af badnan, _/!«., sharpness. — ti. 
 
 af daran, «., blunt; miadidi afka 
 daraid i ken, bring me the blunt 
 knife. 
 
 af daran, f.n., bluntness. — ti. 
 
 afdub, v.tr., close the mouth, gag: 
 
 afdub, m.n., closing of the mouth 
 to prevent a man from crying 
 out when they rob his cattle 
 and sheep. — ki ; ninkas afdub- 
 kisi mid ad u aha, the gagging 
 of that man was good. 
 
 af'eli, v.tr., interpret (this verb is 
 used with uga, ka, or u ka la); 
 wan u ka la af'elin, I interpret 
 or I will interpret. 
 
 af'elis, m.n., interpreter. — ki, yo. 
 
 afhnii, a., insolent. 
 
 aftiro, v.tr., wipe your lips ; af- 
 tirta, wan aftiran. Somals also 
 use aftiro for "take some 
 food." 
 afyahan, m.n. and a., eloquent, 
 eloquent man, tame. — ki; aniga 
 afyahan miihi, I am not elo- 
 quent, O'- not an eloquent man ; 
 faras afyahan, a tame horse ; 
 dlnnad aftahan, a tame cat ; 
 dinnaddi afkatihin, the tame 
 cat. 
 
 afarr, n.c, four. — ti; afarr nagod, 
 four women. 
 
 afarrtan, n.c, forty. — ki. 
 
 a&ad, W.C.O., fourth; ki a&ad(m.), 
 the fourth. 
 
 afarr iyo tobnad, n.c.o., four- 
 teenth, a fortnight ; afarr iyo 
 tobnadki, the fortnight. 
 
 'affi, v.tr., forgive, pardon. 
 
 'affi, m.n., forgiveness, pardon. — 
 gi. . 
 
 war ! iss 'afSya, v.r., pardon each 
 other {plur.) 
 
 afimad, m.n., health. — ki; ma 
 afimad habta ? are you in good 
 health? ha wa laduahai, ye-s 
 I am. 
 
 afimad, v.i., be in health. 
 
 afo, f.n., woman, lady; afada 
 serkalka, the wife of the go- 
 vernor. 
 
 afuf, v.tr., blow (with the mouth). 
 
 afar, m.n., a small meal taken at 
 about six o'clock in the even- 
 ing during the time of fasting, 
 while the muezzin is calling 
 Mussulmans to prayer. The 
 other meal, taken from 12 p.m. 
 to 4 a.m. is called suhur. 
 
 afur, v.i., breakfast (take your 
 breakfast). 
 
 afuro, f.n., breakfast, 
 
 'ag, f.n., foot. — ti. 
 
 'agta'ad, f.n., foot-sole; agti 'a- 
 daid, the sole of the foot. 
 
 ag, ad., near (this word is never 
 used alone) ; agta, agtaida ka- 
 lai, come near (me) ; agtisi 
 tag, go near (to him). 
 
 agan, f.n., bark vessel (shaped 
 
AGO 
 
 AIN 
 
 like a double cone, and pro- 
 tected by a light framework of 
 wood called sab). — ti. 
 
 agon, m.n., orphan boy. — ki (the 
 }/lur. for both sexes is agonadi). 
 
 ag5n, /.«., orphan girl. — ti (this 
 word is also used for both 
 sexes) ; Berberah agonadu wa 
 ku badanyihin, or Berberah 
 agontu wa ku badantahai, or 
 war ! Berber! wa agon badan- 
 tahai, there are many orphans 
 in Berberah. 
 
 ah, (;root) v., he (often used as an 
 affix; scarcely ever alone). 
 
 ahaw, v.i.fhe; ahada, wan ahan. 
 
 La ahato, or ha ahatai e, loc 
 meaning nevertheless, never 
 mind, be it so. 
 
 ahad, f.n., Sunday. — di. 
 
 ahan, m.n., gift left, bequest. — 
 "ki. 
 
 ahdi, m.n., oath, swearing, al- 
 liance, treaty made by an oath. 
 — gi ; ahdi Ebbahai inan ka 
 kausin, 1 swear by God that I 
 will kill you. 
 
 ahdi, v.tr., swear, make a treaty, 
 an alliance grounded upon an 
 oath ; wa la iss ahdiyai o 
 dagal ma jiro, I made a treaty 
 that we may not fight ; kal 
 here yainu iss ahdinai lakin 
 ahdigi wa adigi beinaiyai, last 
 year we made a treaty, but you 
 perjured yourself, or you did 
 not remain faithful to it. 
 
 ahal, m.n., house, dwelling, room, 
 home. — ki. 
 
 ahal horti, m.n. fa9ade, house- 
 
 front. — ki ; ahalka hortisi bai 
 jogan, or wa ku joga, they are 
 before, or in front of, the 
 house. 
 
 ahbal, or ka ahbal, v.tr., accept, 
 listen to, receive (in addressing 
 ourselves to God); Ilahow naga 
 ahbal, O God, hear us ; Ilahhai 
 dua'daida ha iga ahbalo, or 
 dua'daida Ilah ha iga ahbalo, 
 may God hear our prayers. 
 
 ahbal, with kaga, v.tr., kill ; 
 ninki kaga ahbal, kill the man 
 (used especially in quarrelling 
 and fighting). 
 
 ahil, m.n., Somali chief, sage, 
 respectable man. — ki ; ahilki 
 Sarin yan arkai shalai, yester- 
 day I saw the chief of Karara ; 
 ahilo, or uhul, or uhal are also 
 used. — ki; — shi; — shi. 
 
 ahir, f.n., end. — ti. 
 
 ahli, m.n., intellect, understand- 
 ing, wit. — gi. 
 
 ahri, v.tr., read. — ya, wan — ^yi. 
 
 'ai, f.n., cursingj abuse. — di. 
 
 'aiah, a.e., cursed; eraigi <ai'da- 
 aha, the cursed word. 
 
 'ai, v.tr., curse, abuse. — a, wan 'ai', 
 wan 'aitamaya or wan 'aiaya, 
 I am cursing, abusing him. 
 
 'aid, f.n., poor man (haying no- 
 thing at all). — di. 
 
 a'imad, m.n., tame beast flying, 
 running away. — ki. (They call 
 so a camel which is not yet 
 accustomed to carry loads, and 
 is afraid.) 
 
 'a'in, f.n., wood, forest. — ti, 
 
 'ain, m.n., kind, sort. — ki. 
 
A IN 
 
 ALI 
 
 'ain, m.n., belly-baTicl for camels. 
 
 — ki; 'a:ima,n (plur.). 
 a'iiiab, m.n., whitish-grey horse. 
 
 — ki. 
 aiya ! int., used in the place of 
 warya ! in speaking to the 
 parents or other respectable 
 persons ; aiya abba, abbe, or 
 abbo ! father ! aiya hoyo ! 
 or ai hoyo ! mother ! 
 'ajeb, with la, v.i., wonder at. 
 'ajeb, m.n., wonder, astonishment. 
 
 — ki; 'ajayib (plur.). 
 'ajebi, v.c, astonish, cause to 
 
 wonder. 
 'ajibi, v.tr., please, make glad 
 
 somebody, consent to. 
 'ajin, f.n., dough. — ^tL 
 'ajin, v.tr., knead, bake; 'ajima, 
 
 waa 'ajimi. 
 'ajinleh, m.n., baker. — ^hL 
 'ajis, (m.) 'ajisad (/.), n. and a., 
 indolent, lazy. — ki ; 'ajisin 
 {plur.), 'ajis, or 'ajisad ban 
 abai, I am lazy. 
 'ajisnimo, /.»., laziness, sloth. 
 ajurad,/w., burnt brick, tile. — di, 
 'al, or ma'al, f.n., dew-lap (also 
 
 used for Somali sheep). 
 'ala'al, or 'alaan'al, m.n., regret, 
 sorrow (also the expression of 
 regret you feel at being unable 
 to help someone), 'ala'alkisi 
 bu i sjiai, he expressed to 
 me his regret; inanka 'alaan- 
 'alkisi ba ku fogadai o la 
 talin kari wainai, the sorrow 
 of that child was so deep that 
 we could not console him. 
 fala'al, withu, v.i., regret, repent; 
 
 dembigaigi yan ad iyo ad ugm 
 
 'ala'alsanabai, 1 repent heartily 
 
 of my sins. 
 'ala'al and 'ala'alsanaw, v.att^^ 
 
 be repentant. 
 'ala'alsan, a., repentant. 
 'ala'al, or 'alaan'al, f.n., palm of 
 
 the hand. — shi. 
 'ala'al, m.n., a person deprived of 
 
 all his goods and fortune. — ki 
 'ala'al, v.i., be deprived of, lo-ie; 
 
 bai ! bai ! 'ala'alaieb ho gai o 
 
 ho gai ! exclamation of sorrow, 
 
 the crying of women whea 
 
 beaten, I lost all ! 
 alabo, f.n., baggage, furniture, 
 
 goods, luggage. 
 alah, v.tr., hang; iss — , hang 
 
 yourself. 
 'alal, m.n., rag. — ki ; means also 
 
 chewing. 
 'alali, v.tr., chew. 
 'alalis, m.n., chewing. — ki. 
 'alasho, v.r., chew (yourself). 
 'alalnahsi, m.n , cud - chewing, 
 
 ruminant. — gi. 
 'alalnahso, v.i., chew the cud, 
 
 ruminate. 
 alan(OT.)andalanad(/.) «., cripple 
 
 (congenital). — ki and — di. 
 'alan, m.n., flag, ensign.— ki; hori 
 
 'alan, flagstaff. 
 albab, m.n., door, gate. — ki, — yo. 
 alel, f.n., shell. — sM. 
 'alen, f.n., leaf, leaves (also used 
 
 for tea).— ti. 
 'alid, I'.i., fester, grow virulent ; 
 hontisn malin walba wa si 
 
 'alidaisa, his sore is growing 
 more virulent every day. (For 
 
ALI 
 
 8 
 
 AMI 
 
 a sore becoming worse, see Aid. 
 When there is an excresence 
 of flesh they say adad.) 
 
 alif, m.n., badge, stripe (from 
 Arabic I ; animals are ordinarily 
 marked with that sign). — kL. 
 
 alif or sumad ku jid, v.tr., stripe 
 or mark the sheep (one only). 
 
 alifiyai, v.tr., stripe or mark the 
 sheep (for several). 
 
 allkut, or alakiit, m.n., clipp- 
 springer (with long and some- 
 what stiff hair). — M. 
 
 alol, m.n., roller-blind (made of 
 reeds or bamboos). — ki. 
 
 'alol, f.n., belly, stomach (gener- 
 ally used also for heart). — sM. 
 
 'alol ingegan, a., constipated. 
 
 'alol ingeg^an, f.n., constipation. 
 — ti. 
 
 'alosha'ad {see hai'd). 
 
 alowsho, f.n., forgetfulness (see 
 ilowsho). 
 
 alyo, f.n., saliva. 
 
 alya'elis, m.n., cud. — ki. 
 
 amah, f.n., loan. — di. 
 
 amahi, v.tr., lend. 
 
 amaho, v.r., borrow. 
 
 'amal, m.n., character, temper. 
 — ki. 
 
 amamad, f.n., turban. — di; (see 
 imamad). 
 
 aman, v.tr., praise, glorify; ILah. 
 ban amani, I praise God. 
 
 aman, /.w,., praise, glory. — ti. 
 
 amana aJlali ! int., farewell ! 
 good bye ! last adieu before 
 separating. 
 
 aman, v.tr., confide, intrust. 
 
 amano, f.n., deposit. 
 
 amano u dib, v.tr., intrust; a- 
 manan (for amano an) n dibi 
 or ku dibi, I entrust him or 
 thee ; amano iuo or idin dibai, 
 he intrusted us or you. 
 
 amanaiso, v.tr., commit, com- 
 mand ; amanaista, wan ama- 
 naisan; Ebbahai neftada ku 
 amanaiso, commit, comimand 
 your soul to God. 
 
 amar, m.n., haughtiness, pride. 
 — ki ; amar ba ku dili, or 
 amar bad u diman, pride will 
 kill you. 
 
 amar, m.n., Almighty will, great- 
 ness of God. — ki; amarM Eb- 
 bahai, the greatness of God. 
 
 amar wein or amarsan, a., proud, 
 haughty. 
 
 amar weinan, /.«., pride. — ti. 
 
 amarhadur, m.n., summons, cita- 
 tion. — M. 
 
 amarhadur u sar, v.tr., cite, sum- 
 mon. 
 
 ambi, v.tr., lose, get rid of ; wilka 
 ambi, lose the boy in the 
 jungle (i.e. to get rid of him) ; 
 la'agta wan ambin, I shall lose 
 the money. 
 
 ambo, v.p., be lost ; wllku wu 
 amban, the boy will be lost ; 
 wilM wa iga ambadai, I have 
 lo«t the boy. 
 
 'ameiti, or hameiti, f.n., gall- 
 bladder, bile. — di. 
 
 amin, v.tr., believe. 
 
 amin, f.n., belief.- ti. 
 
 (nin) aminah, m.n., believer. 
 
 amin, /. and m.n., time, weather 
 (used for the past). — ti and 
 
AMI 
 
 ARB 
 
 — ki; aminti ainu Bulahar 
 ka nimi humaida, the weather 
 was bad when we came from 
 Bulahar; aminti yan tu|f arkai, 
 the time I saw the robber. 
 
 aminka, or iminka, «. and ad., 
 now ; iminkada, the present 
 time; aminka dabaded, here- 
 after ; aminkada, just now. 
 
 amin, m.n. and a., careful, honest. 
 — ki. 
 
 aminahaw, v.att., be careful, 
 honest. 
 
 aminimo,/.w., carefulness, honesty. 
 
 amild, f.n., sand, earth. — di. 
 
 amus, v.i., be quiet, silent. 
 
 amusan, a., quiet, silent, civil, 
 humble. 
 
 amusnaw, v.att. ,\>&, remain, quiet, 
 sileat ; sadeh sa'adod amus- 
 naw, be, remain three hours 
 silent. 
 
 amusnan, f.n., quietness, silence. 
 — ti. 
 
 amusi, v,e., cause to be quiet, 
 silent. 
 
 amusla, a., never silent (is used 
 for a small child always crying). 
 
 an, part.neg. (combined with pro- 
 nouns). 
 
 an, conj., that. 
 
 'an, m.n., cheek. — ki ; 'aman 
 (plur.) 
 
 ■anbur, a., chubby cheek. 
 
 anahnb, f.n., porcupine. — ti. 
 
 'anbar, m.n., ambergris. — ki. 
 
 'anbar, f.n., herpes, tetter-scurf. 
 — ti. 
 
 £ndader, m. and f.n., spotted 
 hyaena, glutton. — ki and — ti. 
 
 'ando, f.n., udder (of cows, goats). 
 
 'anduf, f.n., spittle. — adi, — O, or 
 — oin. 
 
 anhokib, f.n., Acacia vera. — ti. 
 
 'ano, m.n., milk. — hi. 
 
 ged 'anod, m.n., small-pox. — ki 
 (specially usfd for animals). 
 
 anhau, m.n., ankle. — gi, — yo. 
 
 'antug,«.<r.,takea mouthful, gulp. 
 
 'antugo, f.n., mouthful, gulp. 
 
 'antuji, v.tr., give (him) a mouth- 
 ful. 
 
 ar, m.n., male lion. — ki. 
 
 'ar ! int., used either to excite, to 
 entice curiosity, or as a provo- 
 cation to fight (for boys) ; 'ar ! 
 'ar ! i dil ! you cannot beat me ! 
 'ar, yel ! work ! 
 
 aradub, m.w., kind of spear. — ^ki, 
 — yo. 
 
 arag, v.tr., behold, perceive, see ; 
 
 arka, wan arki. 
 la arka, a., visible ; markabki 
 
 hatan wa la arka, the ship is 
 
 now visible. 
 la ma arko, a., invisible ; mar- 
 kabki lama arko, the ship is 
 
 invisible. 
 arag, m.n., sight. — gi ; araggaigu 
 
 wa hunyahai, my sight is bad ; 
 
 hatan araggi iga huma, my 
 
 sight is bad now. 
 'arar, v.i., fly, run ; shalai ninki 
 
 'ararai, the man fled away 
 
 yesterday ; 'arar, he fled away ; 
 
 'ararai, they tied away. 
 'arar, m.n., flight, speed. — ki. 
 arbaha, f.n., Wednesday. — di. 
 'arbi, v.tr., make tame, subdue, 
 
 master. 
 
ARB 
 
 10 
 
 AEO 
 
 la 'arbiyai, a., tame ; wa libah 
 la 'arbiyai, a tame lion. 
 
 'arbun, f.n., security, caution, 
 pledge. — ti. 
 
 ardah., m.n., kind of verandah. — 
 M (a small place before the hut, 
 surrounded by a fence, where 
 strangers may sleep) ; ardahga 
 seho, sleep in the verandah. 
 
 ardai, m.n., scholar. — gi (learning 
 how to read the Ooran for be- 
 coming a Wadad). 
 
 ardal, m.n., country. — ki. 
 
 ardal hal, m.n., petition, request 
 (of the people). — ki. 
 
 ardiad, m.n., ground-rent. — ki. 
 
 ardi, J'.n., one pie (the smallest 
 of the Indian brass money). — 
 di. 
 
 'ari, m. and f.n., low tide, ebb. — 
 gi and — ti. 
 
 'ari, or 'arid, v.imp., retire, ebb; 
 wai 'arii; bad yahai'ari, thou, 
 sea, retire ; baddu berri wai 
 'arii, to-morrow the sea will ebb ; 
 baddi 'aridai, the sea has re- 
 tired ; imiiika baddu wa 'ari, 
 (he sea is ebbing now. 
 
 arim'ad, m.n., hunting chittah. — 
 ki. 
 
 arin, f.n., suit, sentence. — ti ; 
 arinti damatai, or dantahai, 
 the suit is finished, or the sen- 
 tence is pronounced. 
 
 aiji, m.n., petition, application. 
 — gi; arji i hor, write an ap- 
 plication for me. 
 
 'armali, f.n., widow.— di; Ber- 
 beri wa 'armali badantahai, 
 there are many widows in Ber- 
 
 berah; 'armaliyaha badan e 
 Berberi 'aid weina, the nume- 
 rous widows of Eerberah are 
 very poor. 
 'anno,/.»., grape, creeper clinging 
 to trees (good food for ele- 
 phants), berries which are red, 
 sometimes eaten by men, and 
 also the boiled leaves. 
 
 'aro, f.n., spider. 
 
 'aro, f.n., end, point (the highest 
 part of a thing) ; 'arada wa- 
 ranku wa fihantabai, the point 
 of the spear is sharp. 
 
 aror, v.tr., (1) go to drink, water 
 (cattle and sheep) ; (2) take 
 and carry water (when the 
 flock does not go to the well) ; 
 (3) go to the well (boy), remain 
 there and watch over the flock ; 
 war ! orda arora ! ye men, go 
 and drink ; shalai wa gorti 
 holaha la arori jirai, maha la 
 aroria wahyai? yesterday was 
 the time of watering the flocks, 
 why have they not been watered 1 
 
 arori, v.tr., go and take the flock 
 to the watering-place. — ya; or 
 arorsba, wan — n ; sbalai iyado 
 ai gorti holaha la arorin jirai 
 tahai or ai tahai yannu Ubah 
 arag^nai, yesterday we saw a 
 lion when we were taking the 
 flock to the watering-place. 
 
 aror, m.n., the watering of the 
 cattle. — ki. 
 
 aror, m.n., declivity, ledge, slope. 
 — ki ; arorka si mar o gurada 
 tag or u bah, walk along the 
 slope and go to the top. 
 
ABO 
 
 11 
 
 ASH 
 
 aror, /.n., morning. — ti, — yo. 
 
 ardryo, f.n., break of day, early 
 morning (this word is the in- 
 definite plur. of aror). 
 
 aros, m.n., (1) newly - married 
 young man; (2) the name of 
 the house in which the marriage 
 takes place; (3) bridal.— ki, 
 — yo ; Hassan wa aros, Hassan 
 is a newly-married young man; 
 aroska an tagno, let us go to 
 the house of the new-married 
 couple ; aroska an tag^o, let 
 us go to the bridal, or nuptials. 
 
 arosad, f.n., a newly-married girl. 
 — di. 
 
 'arrab, m.n., tongue. — ki, — yo. 
 
 •arrabla, a., dumb. 
 
 'arrablaan, f.n., dumbness. — ti. 
 
 'arrab iyo dega ba la, o., dumb 
 and deaf. 
 
 arrin, m. and/.n., affair, concern. 
 — ki and — ti; wa arrintisi, 
 it is his affair. 
 
 'arro, f.n., soil, earth (also salted 
 sand given to the sheep). 
 
 arsahad, f.n.. Godsend, piece of 
 luck. — di ; Ebbahai arsahad 
 wanaksan bu i sin, God will 
 make me find a good piece of 
 luck. 
 
 'arsi, v.tr., take to the shore. 
 
 aror, m. and /. pl.n., child, igno- 
 rant.— ki and — ti^ ninkasi 
 wa arur o wahba garan mayo, 
 that man is ignorant, and he 
 understands nothing. 
 
 arumimo, /.«., childhood. 
 
 aruiui, v.tr., make kneel down 
 (the camel). 
 
 arun, v.def., kneel down (speak- 
 ing to a camel) ; see tu. 
 as, v.tr., bury, thrust (a stake into 
 
 the ground); gor dow bainu asi, 
 
 we will bury him soon (in a 
 
 short time), 
 asnin, f.n., burial (not much used). 
 
 — ti. 
 'as, a., red ; dar 'as, red linen ; 
 
 maro 'as, red clothes. 
 'asai, v.tr., redden. 
 'asan, m.n., redness. — ki. 
 'asal, m.n., bark of a tree pro- 
 ducing red die. — ki. 
 asalba, ad., generally, habitually; 
 
 asalba nia hun ba tabai, you 
 
 are habitually bad. 
 asarar, m.n., contradiction, denial. 
 
 — ki. 
 asarar, v.tr., contradict, deny, 
 (nin) asarar wein, or asarar mi- 
 
 danah, m.n., contradictor. 
 ashab, v.i., woo ; wai iss asbahen, 
 
 they are courting each other. 
 ashkar, or asbkir, m.n., red horse. 
 
 — M. 
 askari, m.n., a policeman, soldier, 
 
 sepoy. — gi, askar, — ti {plur.). 
 'asbo, f.n., day (of 24 hours) ; 
 
 'asbo waba jirai, there was a 
 
 day. 
 'asbo, f.n., supper. 
 'asbai, v.i., take your supper. 
 asbtako, f.n., complaint, 
 ashtakai, v.i., complain, appeal. 
 asbtako, «.r., appeal (for yourself); 
 
 asbtakoda, wan asbtakon. 
 'ashur,/.ra., duty, tax. — ti; 'asbur- 
 
 tisi ma bibiu, he has not paid 
 
 his tax. 
 
ASI 
 
 12 
 
 AWI 
 
 'asi, v.i., rebel, revolt. — ya, wan 
 — yi. 
 
 •asi, m.n., disobedient, rebel. 
 
 — gi. 
 
 asli, m.n., amber (the substance 
 
 itself). — gi. 
 aslub, f.n., conduct, behaviour. 
 
 — ti ; wa aslub hun, it is bad 
 
 conduct, 
 asliiban, with si, ad., well, in a 
 
 good way, manner ; si asluban 
 
 U habo, make it well. 
 asliibuaw, v.att., be of good 
 
 conduct. 
 'asr, or 'asar, m.n. and ad., even- 
 ing (from half-past three to 
 
 the sunset). — ki. 
 astan, f.n., mark. — ti ; masar- 
 
 kaiga astautisu wa balladan- 
 
 tahai, the mark on my hand- 
 kerchief is large. 
 'asus, f.n , reddish colour. — ti. 
 'asusleh, a., reddish, light brown ; 
 
 tirao 'asusleh, reddish hair. 
 'ato, f.n., fatigue, leanness, 
 'ataisi, v.c, cause him to be tired, 
 'ataisan, a., tired, fatigued. 
 'atow, v.r., be fatigued, tired ; 
 
 'atoba, wan 'atobi. 
 'ataisnaw, v.att., be fatigued, 
 
 tired. 
 au, f.n., leaves of the palm-tree 
 
 prepared for making mats. — 
 
 di, awo (plur.). 
 aud, v.tr., shut, close. 
 'aal, m. and f.7i.. gazelle (Gazella 
 
 Soemmeringi). — ki and — sM, 
 auliad, f.n., saint. — di. 
 aur. TO. andy.ra., camel. — ki {sing. 
 
 and plur.).— ii {plur.); aurki 
 
 ma yimi? has the camelcome 1 
 
 aurtimatimi? have the camels 
 
 come? 
 'aus, m.n., grass (green or dried), 
 
 stubble. — ki. 
 'aus salol, m.n., kind of white reed 
 
 used for thatching and making 
 
 mats, and also the mat made 
 
 of.— ki. 
 'awa, ad., to-night; 'awa yan ku 
 
 iman, I will come this night. 
 'awaisin, ?».«., time of supper, end 
 
 of twilight. — ki. 
 awal or awel, ad., ago, before ; 
 
 awel hag-gad jirtai, where 
 
 were you before 1 (This word 
 
 is not much used.) 
 awawi, m.n., nightmare. — gi. 
 awawi, v.L, talk in sleep. — 
 
 ya— yi. 
 
 'awar, m.n., one-eyed person. — 
 ki ; means also a wound, a 
 hurt accidentally received. 
 
 'awar, v.tr., hurt (him). 
 
 'awaran, a., one-eyed; wil 'awa- 
 ran, a one-eyed boy. 
 
 'awaran, v.r., hurt yourself, or 
 be hurt ; 'awarma, wan 'a- 
 warmi. 
 
 'awarnaw, v.att., be, remain one- 
 eyed, hurt ; 'awaranada, wan 
 'awaran ; 'awarnaw e naga 
 tag, be one-eyed {or hurt) and 
 leave us (kind of curse). 
 
 'awi, with la, v.tr., help, assist ; 
 war i la 'awi, help me ; or 
 'awin, 'awima, wan 'awimi. 
 
 'awimad, f.n., help, assistance. — 
 di ; 'awin. — ti, is also used. 
 
 'awis, m.n., helper. — ki. 
 
AWO 
 
 13 
 
 BAA 
 
 awo, /.«., interest, welfare, for 
 your sake, on your behalf. — di ; 
 awadada yad ahalka ku jog- 
 ta, to remain at home is to 
 your interest. 
 
 awada^ prp., for. 
 
 'a,wo, f.n., Godsend, piece of 
 luck. — di; means also the fourth 
 finger, girl's name. 
 
 awow, or awowai, ♦».«., grand- 
 father. 
 
 aya? p.int., who? ay^ tahai? 
 who are yon? or of what tribe? 
 aya ku dilai ? who beat you ? 
 
 ayo? p.int., who? ayo? who? 
 ma aniga? I? 
 
 ayo ! int., what ! 
 
 ayah, m.n., locust. — hi, — yo; 
 ayah weiua eh, there is a 
 great quantity of locusts. 
 
 ayai ! int., hop ! (for inciting 
 animals) ; means also yes. 
 
 ayaiyo, f.n., grandmother. 
 
 ayan, m.n., destiny, fate, fortune, 
 luck.— ki ; ayajikaiga yan ku 
 helai, I found my destiny. 
 
 ayanleh, a., lucky. 
 
 ayanla, a., unlucky. 
 
 ayau, f.n., day, holiday, feast- 
 day. — ti; manta wa ayan ma? 
 what day is it to-day ? wa 
 ahad, it is Sunday ; wa ayan- 
 taidi, it is my holiday, my 
 feastday. 
 
 ayar, ad., slosrly, in a low voice; 
 ayar hadal, speak slowly. 
 
 'ayar, v.i., play, dance. 
 
 ayo, f.n., stepmother, wife of my 
 paternal or maternal uncle (but 
 they add to the word ayai the 
 
 names of abbai, ader, abti, and 
 say ayai abbai, ayai ader, 
 ayai abti. 
 
 B. 
 
 b, second letter of the Somali 
 alphabet. It is prefixed to the 
 p.pers. in their simple form,, 
 and forms ban, I; bad, thou; 
 bu, he ; bai, she, they ; and to 
 the letter a, forming ba, either 
 used as a pronoun or as for the 
 verb of existence. 
 
 ba, part. It is added (1) to a 
 noun to show that it is the 
 subject, aur ba jirai, there was 
 a camel ; (2) to a negative vt-rb 
 to give it more strength, ha ba 
 *unin, do not eat ; aniga 'uni 
 ba mayo, I will not eat at all ; 
 ha tegin ba, do not go (I fur- 
 bid). 
 
 ba', f.n., crack, clap. — di, 
 
 ba, v.i., be unhappy ; — a, wan 
 bii ; war ! ba e iga tag, or iga 
 tag ba e, oh ! be unhappy and 
 go away from me ; Buniyow 
 ba, oh ! Booni be unhappy ! 
 A father will say to his bad 
 son, ba ! be unhappy (kind of 
 curse) ; hebel ba baai, such a 
 one is unhappy ; kua 'adabta 
 ku jira ba baai, those who are 
 in hell are unhappy ; kal hore 
 wa la i biiyai, last year I was 
 unhappy. 
 
 baan, a., quarrelsome, wicked. 
 
BAB 
 
 14 
 
 BAH 
 
 babah, a., empty, nothing, no- 
 thing more ; — v.i., be nothing ; 
 gortumaujaddubabahdo, when 
 the waves retire. 
 
 baba'o, f.n., palm of the hand. 
 
 babii, v.tr., blot out, efface, ah- 
 rotfate. 
 
 babiis, or babiin, m.n., abroga- 
 tion — ki, or — ti. 
 
 bad, f.n., sea, ocean. — di; baddu 
 halai wa buhdai, this night 
 the sea was full (high tide). 
 
 bad furan, m.n., monsoon, N.E. 
 — ki. 
 
 bad hidan, m.n., monsoon, S.W. 
 — ki. 
 
 bad, half.— ki. 
 
 badah, m.n., mixture of milk and 
 water. — hi. 
 
 badah, v.tr., mix milk and water; 
 — a, wan badihi; 'anaha shalai 
 ban badahai, yesterday 1 mixed 
 the milk with water. 
 
 bad, v.tr., look for, search, seek ; 
 mahad ahalkaiga ka badaisa ? 
 what are you looking for in 
 my room ? 
 
 badad, m.n., contentment, joy. 
 — ki, — yo ; badadka jannada, 
 the bliss of heaven. 
 
 badad, v.i., cheer up. 
 
 kaga badadi, or badadsi, v.tr., 
 rejoice, make joyful. 
 
 badadah, a., wealthy ; nin ba- 
 dadah, a wealthy man. 
 
 badadsan, glad, happy, joyful. 
 
 badadsanaw, v.att., be glad. 
 
 badaddo, /.w., potato. 
 
 badag, m.n., goose.— gi (most 
 web-footed birds are called so). 
 
 badi, v.tr., augment, increase ; 
 i badi, give me more ; u badi, 
 give him, her more. 
 badan, a., much, many, abundant; 
 ka badan, more ; ka wada 
 badan, or ngu badan, most. 
 badnaw, v.att., be abundant, full 
 of; aniga wa run badnahai, 
 I am full of truth, truthful, 
 badnai, v.i., increase. 
 badso, v.i., abound. 
 badnan, f.n., abounding. — ti, 
 badbadi, v.tr., lead ; ninka inda- 
 hala badbadi, lead the blind 
 man ; ka — , lead from, pre- 
 serve from ; adiga bahalka ka 
 badbadi, preserve the sheep 
 from the wild beasts. 
 badi, f.n.; tail-fat, arse, breech, 
 grease obtained in melting the 
 fat of the tail of a Somali 
 sheep. 
 baf ! int., noise made by some- 
 thing cracking. 
 baga, loeut., it is my will, I have 
 
 done it purposely (s. husM), 
 bagad, m.n., hook or staff of a 
 
 boat. — di. 
 bagaf, m.n., kind of spear. — ki, 
 
 -yo. 
 bah, v.i., go out, get out, set out, 
 flow, leak, grow, spring up. — a, 
 wan bihi ; biyihi baldigai ka 
 bahayan, the water flows out 
 of the bucket, or the bucket 
 leaks; war! bahalki muhu ba- 
 hai, oh! how the radish has 
 grown; iss ka — , get-out, away; 
 adiga kolleh iss ka bah, you, 
 by all means, must get out, 
 
BAH 
 
 16 
 
 BAH 
 
 away ; u — , go to j burta 
 dusheda u bah, go to the top 
 of the mountain ; dibadda u 
 bah, go outside ; u — , go at 
 him (for fighting) ; wan u bihi, 
 I will go to him ; shalai ban' u 
 bahai o ka adkadai, yesterday 
 I went to him (for fighting) 
 and I overcame him; iss — , 
 independent; wil iss bah, an 
 independent boy; iss bah e 
 naga tag, may your word fall 
 upon you, but leave us quiet 
 (it is the answer to a man 
 speaking badly or cursing. 
 Arabs say so to the Somals 
 who go them too early in the 
 morning) ; SO — , come out with 
 me (from the house) ; ka so — , 
 get out from; SO baha, grow up, 
 out from (a man having sown 
 something, may say so to the 
 seed thrown on the earth : it is 
 only a wish, but God has the 
 power of speaking so) ; U so 
 — , come for ; wah u so bah, 
 come out for something ; i so 
 — , come to me (for fighting), 
 thfe answer will be ku so ba- 
 hai, 1 have come. 
 
 bah, past participle of the verb 
 bah, issued; Isman wa bah 
 Hadio, Ismau issued from 
 Hadio. 
 
 bahsi, m.n., boy, tall boy. — gi; 
 inanki Warsama wa side ? 
 how is the son of Warsama 1 
 wa bahsi, he is a tall boy 
 (already a young man) ; bah- 
 sigi me ? where is the boy ! 
 
 (This word is mostly used for 
 boys not yet adult.) 
 
 bahso, v.i., escape, fly away ; war ! 
 bahso, or war ! iss ka bahso, 
 escape, or oh ! fly immediately. 
 
 bahsad, m.w., escape. — ki. 
 
 u bahso, v.i., run to, for; ser- 
 kalka a bahso, run to the 
 governor, i.e., to request his 
 help. 
 
 bahri, m.n., sailor. — gi. 
 
 bahsan, a., flne, nice, beautiful. 
 
 baho, f.n., gift (this word is 
 used for the act of giving 
 something to a man deprived 
 of his goods by misfortune ; 
 everybody of his caste is obliged 
 to give him a gift); u so bahi 
 or bahai, give, bring something 
 to. him (to the man in want). 
 
 u baho, v.r., be in want. 
 
 (nin) bahan, a., wanting, a man 
 in want ; war ! nin bahan, 
 wan u so bahin, I will bring 
 something to the man in want. 
 
 bahai, m.n,, animal, wild beast, 
 cruel. — ki ; ninkasi wa bahai, 
 that man is cruel. 
 
 bahai, m. and f.n., thing. — ki, 
 — shi. (This word is often 
 used when the name of the 
 thing is not known or not 
 said. ) 
 
 bahai hosai, f.n., reptile. — shi 
 hosai. 
 
 bahi, f.n,, appetite. — di; bahi- 
 daidu wa wanaksantahai, my 
 appetite is good. 
 
 bah, v.i., fear, be afraid, flee from, 
 funk (this verb has the same 
 
BAH 
 
 16 
 
 BAL 
 
 meaninfr as 'abso ; meshas ka 
 bah libah bai leMahai, flee 
 from that place, there is a 
 lion. 
 
 baho, v.r., fear, fly (lest you be 
 overcome); bahda, wan bahan, 
 
 laga baho, a., fiaiful, frightful. 
 
 bahdin, or bahnin, /.«., peril, 
 risk, clanger, dread, fright, 
 terror. — ti. 
 
 baji, V.C., cause him to be afraid. 
 
 bajis, m.n., cowardice. — ki. 
 
 bah, m..n., hint, signal, a call, a 
 whistling, a fire or any ' other 
 sign used by the Somals to 
 recognise themselves in the 
 jungle. — hi ; the watchword 
 also would be called bah. 
 
 bah, a., this name is given to the 
 milk when, the water and the 
 caseous part being separated, it 
 is said to be turned or spoiled ; 
 the Somals throw it away, only 
 beggars drink it ; 'anahasi wa 
 bah, this milk is turned, spoiled ; 
 'anaha bahai, the milk has 
 turned. 
 
 bahail, m.n., miser. — ki ; ninkasi 
 bahail waiyai, that man is a 
 mister ; ninkas wa nin ba- 
 hailah, that man is a miser. 
 
 bahallad, f.n., miser (/.) ; nag 
 bahailadah. 
 
 bahailad, f.n., hurricane, storm. 
 — di; war ! wa bahailad e sehi- 
 madnhu ha yai ina ka burbn- 
 rin, oh ! there is a storm, do not 
 let the boats be broken (to us). 
 
 bahaiya, m.n., eagle. — ihi. 
 
 bahlad, f.n., mule. — di; bahlad 
 
 lab, he-mule ; bahlad didig, 
 
 she-mule. 
 bahal, m.n., radish.— ki. 
 bahaiya, m.n., species of hawk 
 
 (small vulture). — hi. 
 bahbah, m.n., gum (of a blackish 
 
 colour) —hi, — yo. 
 balilad,/.«., large boat, buggalow. 
 
 — di. 
 bahti, m.n., corpse (especially 
 
 used for animals). — gi (this 
 
 word means also death of an 
 
 animal). 
 bahti, v.i., die, extinguish, blow 
 
 out. — ya, wan — yi. 
 bakaila, or bakailai, m.n., hare, 
 
 rabbit.— hi. 
 ba'id, f.n., strap, fastening the 
 
 camel's pack-saddle under the 
 
 chest.— di. 
 baidbaid, m.n., zigzag. — ^ki. 
 baidbaid, v.i., walk like a snake 
 
 (making zigzags). 
 bal, m n., feather, wing, fins (of 
 
 a fish), page of a book. — ki ; 
 
 balka kitabka rog, turn the 
 
 page of the book. 
 bal, part, of a very common use 
 
 in Somali ; bal tag, go ; bal 
 
 kalai, come ; bal i sug, wait 
 
 for me, 
 bal an, part., let me, us (this 
 
 word is ordinarily used with 
 
 the imperative for asking a 
 
 permission) ; bal an imado, 
 
 let me come ; bal an tago, let 
 
 me go. 
 bal in, conj., if (this word is 
 
 ordinarily used in sentences 
 
 expressing some doubt (indirect 
 
BAL 
 
 17 
 
 BAE 
 
 questions); weidi bal inai fog- 
 tahai, ask if it is far. 
 
 balaf, m.n., dislike of food. — ki. 
 
 balfi, v.tr., refuse the food. 
 
 balag,/.w., prepuce, foreskin. — li. 
 
 balagta ka go, v.tr., circumcise. 
 
 baMnbalis, /./«., butterfly. — ti. 
 
 balango, /.«., kind of antelope 
 (water-buck). 
 
 balbalo, /«., shelter, shed (this 
 shelter or shed is ordinarily in 
 front of the hut or tent to pro- 
 tect it from the rays of the sun ; 
 the tumals (smiths) have a bal- 
 balo or shed in front of their 
 huts and work under it in order 
 to enjoy the breeze. 
 
 balbalai, v.tr., make the shed. 
 
 bildi, m.n., bucket, ewer.— gi. 
 
 ball, m.n., old (only used for 
 tilings).— gi. 
 
 ballad, m.n., breadth, also blow 
 given' with the flat of a spenr. 
 — ki; ballad bu igu duftai, 
 he beat me with the flat of his 
 spear. 
 
 balladi, v.tr., enlarge, widen. 
 
 balladan, v.p., be enlarged; bal- 
 ladma, wan balladmi. 
 
 balladan, a.v., broad, large, wide, 
 vast. 
 
 ballan, m.n., promise, stipulation, 
 treaty.— ki. 
 
 ballan, v.tr., fix (a day, a time); 
 ballama, wanballami, malinta 
 baUan, fix the day; la ~, 
 promise, treat with him ; i la 
 ballan, promise to me ; an la 
 ballanno, let us treat ; ka — , 
 stipulate, state positively, ex- 
 
 actly; faraska gana'disa ka 
 ballan, state, say exactly the 
 price of the house. 
 
 ballami, v.tr., affiance. 
 
 balli, m.n., a low place, hole, ex- 
 cavation (forming during the 
 time of rain, pools or wells). 
 
 — gi- 
 
 ballub, m.n., adult, nubile. — m. 
 
 ban, m.n., level ground, plain. 
 — ki ; banka Berberi wa bal- 
 ladanyahai, the plain of Ber- 
 berah is large. 
 
 banan, m,.n., collective noun, has 
 the same meaning as ban.— ki. 
 
 banan, a., open {s. fiiran), 
 
 banai, v.tr., level, make even, 
 plain. 
 
 bana'ei, m.n., bellowing and low- 
 ing of bulls and cows. — gi. 
 
 bangad, or bankad,/.ra., punkah, 
 large fan. — di. 
 
 bar, v.tr., educate, instruct, teach. 
 
 baro, v.r., learn, study ; barta 
 wan baran. 
 
 bara, m.n., instructor, teacher, 
 hi. 
 
 barad, m.n., pupil, scholar. — ki, 
 — yo. 
 
 barnin, f.n., instruction, educa- 
 tion, teaching, learning. — ti. 
 
 bar, f.n., blot, spot, stain.— ti ; 
 baraba 'ad, white spots ; barbar, 
 some spots. 
 
 baraleh, a., spotted ; sbabel wa 
 baraleh, the leopard is spotted. 
 
 bar'as, m.n., leprosy.---ki. 
 
 bar'asleh, m.n., leper.- liM. 
 
 baraf, m.n., ice, snow. — ki. 
 
 barah, m,.n., ease, peacg.-^hi; 
 
BAR 
 
 18 
 
 BAR 
 
 barah ba lo yal, they are living 
 in peace ; barah u fadista, sit 
 at your ease, or sit down on 
 the ground ; kursiga barah 
 ugu fadiso, sit down on the 
 chair. 
 
 barahad, /.»., a plain surface. 
 — di. 
 
 barakad, m.n., blessing, benedic- 
 tion. — di, — yo. 
 
 barakadai, v.tr., bless; wahan 
 idinku barakadainaya, I bless 
 you. 
 
 barakadaisan, a.v., blessed. 
 
 barakadaisnaw, v.att., be blessed. 
 
 barambaro, /.«., blatta indica 
 (in French, cancrelas). 
 
 barar, m.n., lamb. — ki (generally 
 used for a lamb of one year old, 
 occasionally, however, applied 
 to lambs up to two or three 
 years. "When the female sheep 
 is about to bring forth she is 
 called sabein). 
 
 barar, m.ra., swelling. — ki. 
 
 bararshai, m.n., dropsy. — hi. 
 
 bararleh, a. and v., dropsical 
 person; Don bararleh, an hy- 
 dropic man. 
 
 bararug, v.r., rouse (yourself), 
 waken. 
 
 bararug, m.n., glassware, brace- 
 lets for women. — gi. 
 
 barbar, m.n., young man, youth, 
 time of youth. — ki ; anigu 
 weli barbar ban ahai, I am 
 siill a young man ; ninkas 
 barbarkisi mid hun bu aha, 
 lhat man's youth was bad. 
 
 barbar, m.n., side. — ^ki, — yo. 
 
 barhab, v. tr., male camel (stallion). 
 
 — ki, — yo. 
 barhi, v.tr., graze (cattle and 
 
 sheep) before the milking. 
 barhin, or barhad, or barho, /.«., 
 
 forenoon (from 9 to 1 2 o'clock). 
 
 — ti, or — di, or — adi. 
 bari, m.n., east; — gi; bariuka', 
 
 go to the east. 
 bari, v.tr., beg, beseech, pray. 
 
 — ya, wan — yi. 
 bariyo, /.«., begging. 
 bari, v.i., be safe. — ya, wan — yi; 
 
 ma barideni are you safe? 
 
 (salutation used in the morn- 
 ing) ; ha barinai, yes, we are 
 
 safe. 
 baris, or beris, or barid, m.n., 
 
 rice. — ki, — ^yo. 
 barjin, m.n., stool with three 
 
 legs. — ^ki (s. gambad). 
 barki, m,n , wooden pillow (having 
 
 the form of a cresent) . — gi. 
 barkimo,/w., pillow. 
 barmil, m.n., barrel, cask. — ^ki. 
 barmil yar, m.n., bucket.— ki; 
 band, f.n., clean and nice dates, 
 
 the stones of which are small. 
 
 — di. 
 baro, f.n., pumpkin, very large 
 
 vessel for ghee. 
 baror, f.n., lamentation, crying 
 
 (only used for women). — ^ti. 
 baroro, v.i., lament, scream ; ba- 
 
 rorta, wan baroran. 
 ka, or kaga barori, v.c, cause to 
 
 scream, to lament. 
 barosin, m.n., anchor. — ki. 
 bartih, m.n., melon, pumpkin. 
 
 —hi, — yo. 
 
BAR 
 
 19 
 
 BEE 
 
 barad, /.w., powder, gunpowder. 
 — di. 
 
 bariir, f.n., fat, suet, tallow. — di. 
 
 barwah.0, f.n., fertility, plenty ; 
 magaladas barwahadeda wa 
 la la yaba, the fertility of this 
 country is wonderful. 
 
 barwahaisan, a.v., fertile. 
 
 bas, ad., enough. 
 
 bas, a., bad, wicked, repulsive ; 
 wahba bas bainu araguai, we 
 have seen somethiDg bad. 
 
 bas, m.n., ticket (for a passage), 
 letter for re-entering a town 
 after having been for a time 
 expelled from it. — ki. 
 
 basal, /.»., onion. — sM. 
 
 basbas, or bisbas, m.n., pimento. 
 — kL 
 
 basba, m.n., pasha. — ^hi. 
 
 bassar, m.n., manner, way. — ki. 
 
 bassarhtm, o., awkward, impolite. 
 
 baya musMari, m.n., trader, 
 merchant. — gi. 
 
 baiina, m.n., kind of badger. 
 — M. 
 
 bed, ad., well (this word is not 
 used alone, and seems to be 
 employed only for " well " when 
 speaking of health ; ma bed 
 habta ? are you well \ wan bed 
 haba ilah mahdi, I am well, 
 thanks to'God;'ma bed habo, 
 I am not well. 
 
 bedel, v.tr., change, adulterate, 
 sophisticate. 
 
 bedelad, /.«., change, adultera- 
 tion, sophistication. — di. 
 
 beid, m.n., egg.— ki; albeid! 
 albeid ! cry of egg-sellers. 
 
 b'e'id, m.n., antelope, oryx. — ^ki 
 
 («. b'i'id). 
 bei'di, or bihidi, m.n., kind of 
 
 spear. — gfi, 
 bein, /.»., falseness, lie, perjury, 
 
 untruth. — ti. 
 beinaleb, or beinawas, m.n., liar, 
 
 impostor.^ — hi, — ki, — yo. 
 beiuai, v.ir., contradict (not to 
 
 keep to his promise). 
 beini, v.i., disprove, prove false. 
 bein ku daro, v.r., perjure. 
 bein sheg, v.tr., lie (tell a lie, an 
 
 untruth). 
 beir, v.tr., cultivate, sow. 
 beir, f.n., cultivation, garden. — • 
 
 ti ; beirti Dubahar, the garden 
 
 of Dubar. 
 beir, f.n., tree, plant, vegetable 
 
 (in a garden). — ti. 
 beira, f.n., musk-deer living in 
 
 the mountains (seems to be the 
 
 same as bair). — di. 
 beirda, or beirdai, m.n., banian- 
 tree (tree and fruit, a kind of 
 
 fig). — hi, — yal, or berdoin 
 
 (pZwr.). 
 beji, v.tr., examine, try. 
 bejis, m.n., experiment, trial. — - 
 
 ki, — yo ; gel bejiskisu ma 
 
 wanaksana, the trial of the 
 
 camels was not good. 
 bel, v.tr., be deprived of, lo«ie. 
 belbel, m.n., blaze, flame. — ki. 
 belbelli, v.i., inflame, set on tire. 
 bello, f.n., wicked, bad thing, b d 
 
 state, condition ; ninka bello 
 
 ya so gasbai, the man has 
 
 turned out badlv. 
 ber, m.v,., liver. — ki. 
 
 c 2 
 
BEK 
 
 20 
 
 BIH 
 
 Mryaro, /.w., spleen ; berjrarada 
 i hanuiiaisa, 1 am sutt'eriug 
 from spleen. 
 
 Mrka dulka sar, v.tr., prostrate ; 
 berka duLka ti sar, prostrate 
 him. 
 
 Berkad, or berked, f.n., cistern, 
 tank. — di. 
 
 beri, m.n. and ad., past time 
 (division of), once. — gi ; beri 
 wahha jirai . . ., it was once . . . 
 
 beri doweid, ad., lately; beri 
 doweid ba abbahai diiitai, my 
 fathec died lately. 
 
 waberi, ad., early morning ; wa- 
 beri bainu tosnai, we got up 
 in the early morning. 
 
 berri, m.n., earth, land (opposed 
 to water). — gi, 
 
 berri, f.n., morrow, next day. — 
 di. 
 
 berri, or berrito, ad, to-morrow. 
 
 beski, see buksi. 
 
 beyo, f.n., frankincense. 
 
 bibileh, m.n., flute, flageolet, per- 
 son playing these instruments. 
 — M. 
 
 bida, or bidai, m.n., slave. — hi, 
 . — yal, or bided (plur.). 
 
 bidad, f.n., slave (fern.). — di. 
 
 bidar, f.n , baldness. — ti. 
 
 bidarleh, a., bald. 
 
 bideh, f.n., left hand. — di; bi- 
 dehda u jeso, turn to the left. 
 
 bigil, or bikel, m.n., bugle, trum- 
 pet, or sound of ...-^ki; bi- 
 gilki lagu dufai, the trumpet 
 has sounded. 
 
 bihi (often used with n), v.tr., 
 give, stretch (out), set free, ex- 
 
 pend, spend (for), pay; war! 
 wah. bihi, give something (they 
 say so to an avaricious man) ; 
 ga'anta u bihi, stretch out your 
 hand ; war ! ninka bihi, set 
 the man free ; abbahai bohol 
 rubod ban u bihiyai, 1 spent 
 (gave to the poor) 100 rupees 
 (at the death of) for my father ; 
 war ! nimanka la'agtoda bihi, 
 pay the man, or give tht-m 
 their money ; iss ka — , fiive, 
 pay ; war! iminka badriga 
 la'agtisi iss ka bihi, pay now 
 the njoney of the father ; so 
 — , stretch forth, give ; kan i 
 SO bihi, give that to me ; ka 
 SO — , extract, draw out, get 
 from, sjive ; war! ninka biyaha 
 ka so bihi, draw out, save the 
 mail from the water; dagahha 
 'idda ka so bihi or ruji, ex- 
 tract that stone trom the earth ; 
 n — , give a name to, call ; 
 wahhan u bihin Abdi, I will 
 cal I him Abdi. 
 
 ha bihin, v.tr. (negative form of 
 the verb bihi), save (money); 
 la'agtada ha bihin, save your 
 money. 
 
 behis, m.n., expense. — ^ki, — yo 
 {aef. haraj). 
 
 behnia, f.n., defence. — ^ti; 'oll- 
 ki wa fara or faro badna o 
 magalada behnintedi la ma 
 kar nohotai, the enemies were 
 so numerous that the defence 
 of the town was impossible. 
 
 biMmbih, m.n., sigh (of a iioy), 
 sliam crying. -^hi, — yo. 
 
BtH 
 
 21 
 
 BIT 
 
 bihlo, or bihlai, m.n., kick (of a 
 
 Jiorse, mule), — ^hi. 
 bii, v.tr., blot out, efface, destroy, 
 disgrace ; dinta bii, destroy re- 
 ligion ; dinti bai magaladi ku 
 biiyen, they have destroyed re- 
 ligion in the country ; ka — , 
 corrupt, spoil (in giviiii; bad 
 example) ; nafta inanka ka bii, 
 corrupt that boy (the soul of) ; 
 isaga nafta inanka biiyai or 
 bashai, he has corrupted,spoi]ed 
 the soul of that boy. 
 
 b'i'id, «. b'e'id. 
 
 bii, /.«., month, quarter of the 
 moon. — sM. 
 
 bishi, ad., monthly;. bisM (or 
 bii walba) Adan ba taga, I go 
 to Aden everv month ; imisa 
 bilod bad Adan fadidai (or 
 jogtai) 1 how many months 
 have you been in Aden? imisa 
 bilod badmiyi ka so mahnaid? 
 how many months have you 
 been absent from the jungle ? 
 
 bilad, m.n., country. — ^ki, — ^yo ; 
 wa biladkayaga, or dulka- 
 yaga, it is my country. 
 
 bUada, or biladaya, m.n., mirror. 
 — hL 
 
 bilawa, or bilawai, m.n., dagger, 
 sword. — ^M. 
 
 bilig, or biligbilig, f.n., spark, 
 sparkle, glenm. — ti ; baddu wa 
 biligbilig leMahai, the sea is 
 covered with phosphorescent 
 gleams; dabku wa biligbilig 
 lebyahai, the tire is sparkling. 
 
 biligbiligleh, a., sparkling; eg! 
 awa hedignbu wa wada bilig- 
 
 bilig lebyiMn, look ! how all 
 the stars are sparkling ! 
 
 birr, f.n., iron. — ti ; birraha na 
 si, give us the irons ; birr ba 
 lagu hedai, they have Hu- 
 chained; nin ba birrku hedan, 
 a man in chains ; birrta darka 
 la mariyo i ken, bring me the 
 smoothing-iron. 
 
 birrhab, m.n., pincers, iron for 
 markingsheep. — ^ki, — ^yo; birr- 
 hab ku jid, mark the sht-ep. 
 
 bisbas {s. basbas), m.n., pimento. 
 — kL 
 
 bishil, m.n., wedge. — ki. 
 
 bisil, a., ripe, cooked ; midkasi 
 wa bisil yahai, that fruit is 
 ripe ; basasbasi wa bisishahai, 
 that onion is cooked ; bilibka 
 bisil i ken, bring me the cookoil 
 meat ; bilib ki bisla ban siyai, 
 I gave the cooked meat ; ba- 
 sasM bislaid, the cooked onion. 
 
 bislai, v.tr., cook (not boil), ripen ; 
 ngahanta bislai, cook the eggs. 
 
 bissad, f.n., cat. — di. 
 
 biyo, m.n. pi., water. — ^M; biya ! 
 biya! or biyaha! the cry of 
 women selling water ; biyo da- 
 nan (or hadad), sour, sailed 
 water ; biyo durdur ban 'aba, 
 I drink river- water ; biyo 'el 
 bainu 'abna, we drink well- 
 water; biyo maan, fresh, sweet 
 water ; biyo 'usboah, salt water ; 
 biyo rob, rain-water ; biya gar- 
 bada ka so dulai, cascade, 
 waterfall; biya iss ku ware- 
 gaya, whirlpool ; biyaleh, a 
 woman selling water. 
 
BIT 
 
 22 
 
 BU 
 
 biyow, v.imp., Tiecome water; 
 biyoda (or biyoba) wu biyon 
 (or biyobi) ; ga'anti wa i bi- 
 yotai, I have blisters on my 
 hand. (This verb is used for 
 blisters, dropsy...) 
 
 bo', w.ra., windpipe. — hi; bo'han 
 kugu dufan, I will strike you 
 on the throat (a Somal would 
 say so to a boy). 
 
 bob, m.n., robbery, plunder, pil- 
 lage, booty. — ki. 
 
 bob, v.tr., rob, plunder; wa holo 
 la bobayo, an haibsano, it is 
 the booty, let us share. 
 
 bod, v.i., hop, jump, leap. 
 
 bodo, or bodin, or botin, /!»., 
 jumping.^di or — ti; botinta 
 libahhu wa la yaba, the jump- 
 ing of the lion is wonderful. 
 
 bog,y.n., ulcer, ulcerated wound, 
 sore. — ti. 
 
 bogaleh, m.n., person having a 
 sore. — hi, — yal ; bogalaha so 
 galai, or yimi, or yimid, or 
 kui bogalaJia ya yimid, the 
 person having the sore has 
 cume. 
 
 bohol, f.n., a deep cleft between 
 two rocks ; a hole made in a 
 plain by heavy rain and over- 
 grown with grass ; a deep 
 valley between two plains or 
 table-lands (as the valley of 
 Sodom). — sni. 
 
 bohiin, a., impotent, sterile (not 
 much used) ; nefan dali karin 
 is the loc. ordinarily used. 
 
 bohol, n.c, hundred.— ki or — 
 shi. 
 
 bohol sanadod, n.m., century ; 
 iaba, sadeh boholo, two, three 
 centuries. 
 
 bohor, m.n., king. — ki. (When 
 a new chief is selected, each 
 tribesman takes a handful of 
 leaves and spreads them over 
 the new chief ; after that, he 
 is called bohor.) 
 
 bohor, v.tr., make him king ; 
 bohra, wan bohri. 
 
 bohomimo, ./:»., roynlty ; wilkasi 
 bohomimu bu dashai, that boy 
 was born a king. 
 
 bohortiris, m.n., aide-de-camp of 
 a king, of a leader, of a chief. 
 — M, yo. 
 
 bohor, m.n., woman's belt. 
 
 boU, f.n., booty taken from the 
 enemies. — di ; shola — , silver 
 cash. 
 
 boli, f.n., a bush growing near 
 water, having large green leaves. 
 — di. 
 
 boran, f.n.; deep hole in the 
 earth, den, cavern offering a 
 dwelling to wild beasts, as 
 foxes, wolves. . ., ditch surround- 
 ing the rer, or village, when 
 there is no wood for making a 
 fence. — ti. 
 
 bo'shirad, f.n., trade, commerce. 
 — di. 
 
 botin («. bodo); war hebel botin 
 dera, such a one (a certain) can 
 jump far. 
 
 bowdo, f.n., thigh. 
 
 bu, v.i., boast, praise yourself ; 
 war! mahad la bHaisa, why 
 do you boast 1 ninkasi gor iyo 
 
BTT 
 
 23 
 
 BUIi 
 
 galab wa buaya, that man 
 always praises himself. 
 
 bu, /.w., pnpil of the eye. — di; 
 isha budeda, the pupil of the 
 eye. 
 
 bu'a'ad, plant, with a whitish 
 stem, large round green leaves, 
 exudes a milky fluid, grows in 
 river-beds. — di. 
 
 bu'amadow, f.n., castor plant 
 (virtues not known by Somals), 
 grows in river-beds, has large 
 green leaves shaped as fig- 
 leaves, which are poisonous 
 when green, but camels eat 
 them when they turn whitish. 
 — di. 
 
 bub (root), v.imp., flee away (only 
 used for animals); anrteni sha- 
 lai bubtai, or buben, yesterday 
 our camels fled away. 
 
 bubal, f.n., a tame beast become 
 wild. — sM. 
 
 bud, m.n., club, short thick stick 
 used in fighting. — ki. 
 
 budai, v.tr., beat, knock down 
 with a club. 
 
 budli, v.tr., grind, pound. 
 
 bufl, v.i., blow (with the bellows). 
 
 bufimo, f.n., bellows. 
 
 biig, m.n., belly, stomachj gizzard. 
 
 — gi- 
 wah buga ku so'oda, reptile {i.e., 
 
 a thing walking on his stomach). 
 bug {root), v.tr., approve, applaud 
 
 (used with the pers. pr.). 
 buh, m.n., high tide. — M; manta 
 
 wa buhbi, it is high tide to-day. 
 buhi, v.ir., fill ; barmilka wa 
 
 buha, the barrel is fuU, 
 
 buhsan, v.i., be filled ; buhsama, 
 wan buhsami. 
 
 btthso, v.r.', fill for yourself ; ka — , 
 fill with, get full of ; dassa- 
 dada biyaha ka buhso, fill the 
 cup with water. 
 
 buh, v.i., clamour, make a great 
 noise. 
 
 buh, m.n., crowd. — ^hi; war! bal 
 buhha dai, look at that 
 crowd. 
 
 buhuji, v.tr., suffocate (with a 
 pillow or in a crowd) ; wa inan- 
 ka, buUia la buhujiyai, the 
 boy was suffocated in the crowd. 
 
 buhbuhod, /re., milk and butter- 
 milk mixed together. — di. 
 
 buhbuhodi, v.tr., mix together 
 milk and buttermilk. 
 
 buk (root), meaning be sick, re- 
 main sick ; wan buki, I will 
 remain sick. 
 
 buka and bukai, a., sick, ill. 
 
 bukow, v.i., be sick; bukoda, wan 
 bukon. 
 
 bukaisi, v.e., cause to be sick. 
 
 bukan, m.n., sickness, malady. 
 — ki. 
 
 buksis, — ki, buksin, — ti, biiski, 
 — gi, n., cure, healing; hontada 
 bf^sintedi wa la la yaba, the 
 cure of the wound is won- 
 derful. 
 
 biiksi, v.tr., heal, cure ; bogaha, 
 or bog walba daimabas yan 
 ku buksiya, I heal every 
 wound with that medicine. 
 
 bnkso, or bokso, v.i., be cured. 
 
 bul, m.n., nest, shed, Somali hut. 
 -ki. 
 
BDL 
 
 24 
 
 DA 
 
 bulal, m.n. {plur. of bul), hamlet, 
 small village. — ki. 
 
 bul'aro, /.ra., cobweb. 
 
 bulhan, m. and f.n., clamour ; 
 — ki and — ti for the past. 
 
 bulsbo, fn., men and black cattle 
 (without either goats or sheep). 
 
 bun, m.n., coffee, berry. — ^ki. 
 
 bunduh, m.n., gun. — hi, — yo. 
 
 bur, f.n., mount, mountain. — ti; 
 bur yar, hill. 
 
 burow, v.i., grow stout, be or be- 
 come thick. 
 
 buran, a., thick, stout; ninburan, 
 a stout man; niman burburan, 
 stout men, means aho a long 
 time, space ; wa buran ba, it 
 is a long time ; in buran bai u 
 jirta, it is very far. 
 
 bur, v.tr., fasten. 
 
 bur, m.n., flour. — ki. 
 
 bur'ad, m.n., butter. — ki. 
 
 burbiir, m.n., kind of infectious 
 disease producing dangerous 
 boils ; animals when havitig 
 that sickness are killed im- 
 mediately. — M. 
 
 burbur, m.n., potsherd. — ki. 
 
 burburi, v.tr., break (in pieces). 
 
 burbur, v.p., be broken, smashed. 
 
 burburan, a.v., broken, smashed. 
 
 bururi, v.tr., burst, break. 
 
 burur, v.p., be burst, broken. 
 
 buri, m.n., tobacco. — gi. 
 
 buro, f.n., wen (kind of tumour). 
 
 burobabalad, f.n., wart. — di. 
 
 buryo, f.n.. membrum virile ; 
 buryada ka go, circumcise. 
 
 bushin, f.n., lip. — ti (s. debin). 
 
 busta, m.n., blanket. — hi. 
 
 D. D. 
 
 da, di, du, fart., the (aff). 
 
 da, dan, das, der, di, . do, d.a., 
 this, that, that yonder. 
 
 dai, daida, p.pr., my. 
 
 da, dada, p.pr., thy. 
 
 deda, p.pr., her. 
 
 dena, p.pr., our. 
 
 dina, p.pr., your. 
 
 doda, p.pr., tlieir. 
 
 da (for dai), v.tr., leave, abandon. 
 — ya, wan dein; inanka da, 
 leave the boy ; iss ka — , de- 
 sist, leave ; ta (or wahha) iss 
 ka da, leave that ; si — , let go 
 (from me to a place) ; so — , 
 let go, come (to me). 
 
 da, f.n., age, life, lifetime. — di ; 
 da ma tahai, what i.s your ajre ? 
 how old are you ? dadenu wa 
 gabantahai, our life is short ; 
 — yar, childhood, infant, small 
 child ; — wein, old age, aged, 
 old man. 
 
 da', v.tr., fall, rob, plunder, cheat ; 
 da'a, wan di'i; shalai ban 
 ged ka so da'ai, yesterday I 
 fell from a tree ; wa la i da'ai, 
 they have robbed me ; ninkasi 
 wa i da'ai, that man has cheatpd 
 me ; so da'da', come down 
 (from the tree) ; ku — , fall in, 
 on, plunge ; badda ku da', 
 plunge into the sea ; ninka ku 
 da', fall on that man ; la — , 
 beat repeatedly. This verb 
 has also the meaning of "under- 
 standing" ; amioka ma ku da'- 
 
DAA 
 
 25 
 
 DAB 
 
 dai ? have you understood t 
 (literally, have you fallen in 1) 
 i, no da'dai, I, we have under- 
 stood. 
 
 da'anaw, or da'an, v.att., be 
 robbed ; wan da'anahai, or 
 wan da'ami (the verb da' in 
 the passive voice with la, lag^, 
 has the same meaning). 
 
 da'an, m.n., damage. — ki. 
 
 da', v.i., belch ; da'a, wan da'i. 
 
 da'o, f.n., belch, belching. 
 
 da'an, f.n., felled tree used by 
 Somals for shutting the en- 
 trance of their enclosure. — ti. 
 
 da'al, m.n., fringe (of clothes). — 
 ki. 
 
 da'ar, f.n., bile ; aloe about three 
 feet high, red and orange varie- 
 ties, broad spiked fleshy leaves, 
 spreading out from the ground ; 
 is a favourite food of elephants. 
 The variety da'ar budnh is use- 
 ful ; it is chewed when water 
 is wanting, and allays thirst. — 
 ti; da'ar badan ba ka timi, 
 or da'arti ka timi, he vomited 
 bile (lit. abundant bile has come 
 from). 
 
 da'araisan, a., bilious; ninkasu 
 wa da'araisanyahai, this man 
 is bilious. 
 
 dab, m.n., Are. — ki ; labtaida dab 
 laga shidaya, my chest is burn- 
 ing. 
 
 dab, v.tr., snare, insnare, hunt. 
 
 dabad, m.n., hunter, trapper. — 
 ki, — yo. 
 
 dabin, or debin, m.n., snare, trap. 
 — ^ki, — mo. 
 
 dabnin, m.n., action of malting 
 or placing a snare, a trap. — ki. 
 
 dab, m.n., handle, hilt. — ki. 
 
 dab, v.tr., fix, set, stick, pitch. 
 
 daba', or taba', m.n., seal. — hi, 
 — yo. 
 
 daba', v.tr., seal, print. — a ; wan 
 dabi'i. 
 
 daba'an, a.v., sealed, printed. 
 
 dabah, m.n., cover (for jowaree, 
 rice, grain ...). — M, — yo. 
 
 dabail, f.n., wind, air, breezp, 
 weather. — shi ; dabail wanak- 
 san, good wind, tine weather ; 
 dabail hun, bad wind, weather; 
 dabail habow, cold wind, 
 weather. 
 
 dab'al, m.n., miser. — ^ki. 
 
 dabal, m.n., post, post-office. — ki. 
 
 dabaldeg, m.n., fantasia on horses 
 or camels (as Arabs do on feast- 
 days).— gi. 
 
 dabaldeg, v.i., play a fantasia or 
 participate in it ; war ! an da- 
 baldegno, or dabaldeg an hab- 
 sanno, let us play a fantasia. 
 
 daban, m.n., cheek. — ki, — no. 
 
 dabar, m.n., fetters (for cattle, 
 horses, camels ... at the fore- 
 legs). — ki. 
 
 dabdabar, v.tr., fetter ; dabda- 
 bra, wan dabdabri, aurta 
 dabdabra, fetter (ye) the 
 camels. 
 
 dabar, m.n., hack. — ki. 
 
 dabbal, f.n., swimming. — sM. 
 
 dabbalo, v.i., swim, iloat ; dab- 
 basha, wan dabbahan; horigi 
 wa dabbalaya, the woud is 
 floating. 
 
DAB 
 
 26 
 
 DAF 
 
 dabatag, /.»., antelope, Clarke's 
 roebuck. — ti. 
 
 dabeir, or dameir, m.n., ass. — ki. 
 
 dabib, m.n., purge, purgation. 
 — -ki, — yo. 
 
 dabib, v.i., purge. 
 
 dabo, /.w., backside, breech, tail. 
 
 dabada, dabaded, ad., after, after- 
 wards (s. haddow). 
 
 daba dig, f.n., dysentery. 
 
 daba haMyf.n., diarrhoea. — di. 
 
 daba halloh, m.n., scorpion. — M. 
 
 daba galla, m.n., squirrel. — hi 
 (earth squirrel living in holes), 
 
 dabagelis, m.n., crupper of a 
 camel's saddle. — ki, yo. 
 
 dabol, m.n., lid, cover (for any- 
 thing). — ^ki ; — deri, cover of a 
 kettle. 
 
 dabol, v.tr., cover, shut. 
 
 dabolaw, v.tr., be covered. 
 
 dabolan, a.v., covered, shut. 
 
 dabsi, v.L, (1) separate a young 
 animal from its mother that it 
 may not suck during the day ; 
 (2) exchange two sucklings 
 (especially camels) ; (3) throw 
 a child (in order to get rid of). 
 
 dabsin, f.n., action of separating 
 ..., exchanging ..., throwing ... 
 (a mother throwing away her 
 child is also called dabsin). — 
 ti. 
 
 dabsis, m.n., suckling. — ki, — yo. 
 
 dad, m.n., people, mankind, in- 
 habitant. — ki; dadki gabow- 
 bai, the old people ; — hun, 
 m.n., ferocity. — ki, — mo. 
 
 dadhal, and dad'uu, m.n., canni- 
 bal. — ki (m.). 
 
 dadhalato, f.n., cannibal. 
 
 dad, m.n., deluge, inundation. — 
 ki. 
 
 dadi, v.i., flow, leak, pour out ; 
 baldigu bihuhu dadiya, the 
 ewer {or bucket) leaks ; bi- 
 yaha dadi, pour out the water. 
 
 ka dadi, v.tr., spill, throw down, 
 overthrow (for all liquids) ; 
 'aniM la dadi, the milk is 
 poured out, spilt. 
 
 ku dadi, v.tr., sow. 
 
 dadsan, a.v., thrown. 
 
 dadis, m.n., shedding. — ki, — yo. 
 
 dada', m,.n., stride. — hi, — yo. 
 
 dada', v.L, stride, bestride. — a ; 
 wan dadi'i. 
 
 dadab, m.n., dream. — ki, — yo. 
 
 dadab, v.i., dream. 
 
 dadab, f.n., a big stone. — ti. 
 
 dadan, m.n., taste, flavour. — ki ; 
 hardadkaigi dadankisi wa 
 hunyahai, I have a bad taste 
 in my mouth. 
 
 dadami, v.tr., taste. 
 
 daf, v.i., go down, descend (in a 
 well, pit) ; 'elka u daf, descend, 
 go down into the pit. 
 
 daf, f.n., bottom, below. — ti ; 'el- 
 ka daftisi ban gadai, I have 
 reached the bottom of the 
 well. 
 
 daf, v.i., pass, pass through, pass 
 by (without taking any notice) ; 
 magalada yan dafai, I passe<l 
 through the country ; anigu 
 badrigi ban so dafai, I passed 
 by the father; war! i daf, na 
 daf, pass, go away, let me or us 
 be quiet. 
 
DAP 
 
 27 
 
 DAH 
 
 dafi, v.tr., change, exchange, give 
 for; darka aurkaiga i dafi, 
 give me clothing for my camel. 
 
 dafso, v.r., barter, change (for 
 yourself). 
 
 dafsasho, f.n.,ox dafsis. — ki, m.n., 
 exchange. 
 
 dafarur, f.n., tree and its fruit (a 
 kind of beri-y). — ti. 
 
 dafor, m.n., temples (of the head). 
 — ki. 
 
 dag, v.i., keep, hold in false se- 
 curity, cause to be careless (us 
 Satan does to sinners) ; dadka 
 Shaitan ba daga, Satan causes 
 people to be careless. 
 
 dagan, a.v., deceived. 
 
 dagnin, f.n., false security. — ti. 
 
 dagag, m.n., beggar.— gi, — yo; 
 nin dagagah, a poor man. 
 
 dagah, m.n., stone. — M, — an, or 
 — nyo {plur.). 
 
 dagah. dined, m.n., pebble. 
 
 dagah gfubtai, m.n., quick-lime. 
 
 dagah. madow, m.n., flint, fire- 
 stone. 
 
 dagah rob, m.n., hail, hail-stone. 
 
 dagah wein, m.n., rock; dagahnyo 
 wawein, rocks. 
 
 dagal, v.tr., scold, grumble, fight. 
 
 dagal, m.n., scolding, battle, com- 
 i)at, fight. — ki. 
 
 dagalan, m.n., fight.— ki. 
 
 dagalan, v.i., assail, attack, fight ; 
 dagalama, wan dagalami. 
 
 dagalai, or degalai, f.n., javelin. 
 — di. 
 
 dah, v.imp., rain, it rain^ ; 'erki 
 dah, or 'erku wa dahaya, it 
 raius. 
 
 dahab, m.n., gold. — ki, — yo. 
 
 dahal, f.n., ear-lap. — shi. 
 
 dah, rn.n., door of a Somali hut 
 (kind of screen or mat hung 
 before the entrance of the hut) ; 
 dahha lal, lift up, or open the 
 door ; dahha so da', or so rida, 
 let fall down the screen, or 
 shut the door. 
 
 dah, v.i., travel.— a, wan dihi; 
 so — , come to (in travelling) ; 
 si — , go to (in travelling) ; 
 imisad so dahdai, or imisa so 
 dahden, plur., how mauy days 
 have you travelled ? ashoin 
 badan ban so dahai, 1 travelled 
 many days. 
 
 dahal, m.n., inheritance. — ^ki. 
 
 dahal, v.ir., inherit; abbahai ban 
 kan dahalai, I have inherited 
 this from my father. 
 
 dahan, f.n., cold, fever. — ti; da- 
 han shalai ban hadai, I caught 
 a cold, fever yesterday. 
 
 dahamow, v.i., catch cold, be 
 chilly ; dahamoda, wan daha- 
 mon. 
 
 dahb, m.n., honeycomb. — ki ; 
 dahb madan, an empty honey- 
 comb ; dahb bnha, a full honey- 
 comb. 
 
 dah, v.tr., save, economise, lay 
 aside. — a, wan dihi. 
 
 daho, v.r., lay aside (for yourself). 
 — da, wan dahan. 
 
 dahasho, f.n., savings, 
 
 dah, v.imp., brovvse, graze ; lo'du 
 wa dahda, or lo'di wa dahaisa, 
 the cows browse, graze. 
 
 U da^gei, v.tr., take to graze. 
 
DA. J 
 
 28 
 
 BAL 
 
 daji, v.tr., graze, feed (cattle) ; 
 so — , take to graze. 
 
 dahad, f.n., window. — di, 
 
 dahaji, v.tr.j melt, stir. 
 
 dahal, m.n., mast. — ki. 
 
 dahar, m.n., every wound received 
 111 the head. — ki. 
 
 dahar, v.tr., break his head; 
 dahra, wan dahri. 
 
 dahdahah, m.n., movement (slight, 
 nearly imperceptible). — M. 
 
 dahdahah, v.i., mo\e; ha dahda- 
 hahin, do not move at all. 
 
 dahdar, m.n., doctor, surgeon. 
 — ^kL 
 
 dahir, f.n., flour. — di. 
 
 dahso, v.i., be quick, make haste ; 
 dahsada, wan dahsan. 
 
 dahso u, ad., quickly; dahso u 
 tag, go quickly. 
 
 dakab, m.n., rock, big stone. — ^ki. 
 
 dako, f.n., upper part of a skull. 
 
 daka'ad, a bald head. 
 
 dai, f.n., fresh milk. — di. 
 
 dai (wiih so), v.i.., look ; so — ya, 
 wan so — yi. 
 
 daimo, f.n., glance. 
 
 daihi, m.n., small thorn tree, yel- 
 lowish stem, very hard wood, 
 used for spear shafts and bows, 
 frames of vessels lor liquids. 
 
 — gi- 
 dai'mo, /.ra. [s. dawo). 
 dairi, v.tr., disinherit, disown, 
 
 exile. 
 dairis, m.n., disinhpritance. — ki. 
 dairsan, a.v., disinherited, exiled; 
 
 nin dairsan, a disinherited, 
 
 exiled man. 
 dal, m.n., fatigue, weariness. — ^ki. 
 
 dal, or so dal, v.i., be fatigued, 
 
 tired ; inai^an galabta ban 
 
 ku dalai, this evening I am 
 
 tired with that boy. 
 dalan, or dashan, a.v., weary, 
 
 tired. 
 dali, v.tr., annoy, tease, trouble, 
 
 weary ; wai iss dalinayan, 
 
 they tease each other. 
 dal, m.n., limit, boundary. — ki. 
 daldalasho, f.n., a camel's ha.f- 
 
 day journey (as Irom Berberah 
 
 to Dubar). 
 dal, v.tr., bear, beget, create, pro- 
 create, give birth, bring forth. 
 dalo, v.i., come to birth, be creatncl 
 
 (God alone can say so) ; wu 
 
 dalan, he will come to birth ; 
 
 ashadan dashai, the day I was 
 
 born. 
 dalin, f.n., birth. — ^ti. 
 dalinyar, m.n., young man. — ki, 
 dalinyaro, f.n., youth, young 
 
 peiiple. 
 dal badan, a., prolific ; nagti 
 
 dalka badnaid, the prolitic 
 
 woman. (This word is used 
 
 for all females.) 
 ma dalais, a., barren (man or 
 
 woman). 
 dal, m.n., young one, suckling 
 
 (man or animal). 
 dalasho, f.n., fecundity. 
 dalab, w.<r.,beg earnestly, humbly. 
 dalbo, v.r., apply, ask for you. 
 dalal, v.i., shine, glitter, circulate 
 
 (as blood); diggu wa dalala, 
 
 the blood circulates. 
 dalal, m.n.. brightness.— ki. 
 kaga dalali, v.i., brighten. 
 
DAL 
 
 29 
 
 DAM 
 
 dalali, v.tr., melt (wax, butter) ; 
 ku — , melt in. 
 
 dalbo, m.n., crookedness of the 
 legs. — hi. 
 
 (nin) dalboleh, m.n., a crook- 
 legged man. 
 
 uagti dalbailahaid, f.n., the 
 crook-legged woman. 
 
 daldal, v.ir., gather the things 
 and take them to another 
 place. 
 
 daldalasho, f.n., taking of things 
 to another place. 
 
 dalfo, /.«., gland, fleshy kernel. 
 
 dalin, or dalinbilad, m.n., high- 
 wayman, bandit. — ki. 
 
 dallayad, f.n., umbrella. — di. 
 
 dal'O, f.n., heat coming from the 
 rays of the sun at his rising ; 
 dal'adan iss u digaya, I warm 
 myself in the rays of the suii. 
 
 dalol, m.n., hole. — ki. 
 
 daloli, v.tr., make a hole, bore. 
 
 dama', m..n., design, intention, 
 purpose, covetousness. — M, — 
 
 dama', v.i., determine, intend, 
 purpose, covet; dama'a, wan 
 dama'i. 
 
 dama'san, a.v., determined. 
 
 damad, m.n., sleepy or benambed 
 person. — ki. 
 
 damadsan, a.v., sleepy or be- 
 numbed; gabaddas wa da- 
 madsantahai, that girl is sleepy, 
 benumbed. 
 
 damas, or damal, m.n., timbpr 
 tree. — ki, — yo; ged damalah, 
 every large tree (name known 
 or unknown). 
 
 dambas, m.n., ashes. — ^ki ; — ku- 
 lul, embers. 
 
 dambe, or dambai, or dambow, 
 ad., after (these words are not 
 used alone) ; gelin dambe, 
 afternoon ; kolka, or marka 
 dambe, future ; sa dambe, the 
 day after to-niorrow ; hadda 
 ka dambow, hereafter, from 
 that time. 
 
 dambai, v.i., remain behind ; 
 ninki ka dambaiya, the man 
 who is after him, i.e., the suc- 
 cessor ; ninki ka dambayai, 
 the man who was after him ; 
 wa ki ugu dambaiyai (m.), wa 
 ti ugu dambaisai (/:), it is the 
 la»t ; wa neifti ugu dkmbaisai, 
 it is the last breath. 
 
 ugii dambais, f.n., last breath. 
 — ti; wa ugu dambaistisi, it 
 is his last breath. 
 
 dambaisi, v.tr., leave behind ; 
 ninki ka dambaisi, leave the 
 man behind the others ; nin iss 
 ka dambaisi, choose a succe^isor. 
 
 dambais, m.n., the remainintt 
 after, succession. — ^ki ; ninkas 
 dambaiskisi 'absileh bu aha, 
 the succession of that man was 
 dangerous. 
 
 dambabid, or bud, m.n., kick (of 
 a horse, a mule, an ass...) — ki. 
 
 dameir, or dabeir, m.n., ass, 
 donkey. — ki; dameir yar, a 
 young ass, foal ; dameir di- 
 baded, wild ass. 
 
 dameir, f.n., she-ass. — ti. 
 
 dameiro, m.n., ass (general name). 
 —hi. 
 
DAM 
 
 30 
 
 DAN 
 
 damin, f.n., security for, pledge. 
 — ti. 
 
 damino, v.tr., be security or re- 
 sponsible for, bail ; damina, 
 wan daminan ; eg ! ninkas 
 Warsama damintai, that man 
 is responsible for Warsama. 
 
 damoh, m.n., plaster, poultice. 
 — M. 
 
 ku damoh, v.i., put on a plaster, 
 poultice. 
 
 dan, m.n., jaw-bone, chin. — ki; 
 timilii damanka, whiskers, or 
 the hair of the jawbone, 
 
 dangalah, m.n., palate, roof of 
 th« mouth. — hi, — ^yo. 
 
 dangalahsi (with ka,) v.tr., break 
 the mouth or the head. 
 
 dan, f.n., condition, state, busi- 
 ness, want, huiTy. — li; ninkas 
 dantisu wa huntahai, the con- 
 dition of that man is bad ; dan 
 mahad lehdahai? what busi- 
 ness have you ? dantaidu wa 
 halkan joniadaha bariskah so 
 gui', my business is, or I am 
 in a hurry to bring all the bags 
 of rice here ; ana dan u leh, I 
 want to see him. 
 
 dan daran, a.v., deprived of all, 
 bad state. 
 
 dan daro, f.n., poverty (extreme). 
 
 dan, num. and a., all, entire, fit, 
 ready; hilibka wa danyahai, 
 the meat is ready. 
 
 daman, ind. num. and a., all, per- 
 fect, ready ; imlsa sa'adod ya 
 sorta daman donta? at what 
 o'clock will the food be ready? 
 sortu gor dow yai daman 
 
 donta, the dinner will be soon 
 ready. 
 
 damai, v.tr., accomplish, com- 
 plete, finish. 
 
 damaiso, v.r., finish (for yourself ;) 
 damaista, wan damaisan. 
 
 ku damaw, v.i., abut, reach to. 
 
 dama, a.v., finished. 
 
 dama (»».), danta (/.), ad., better; 
 falnin hadal ba dama, doing 
 is better than talking. 
 
 damad. — ki, or daman. — ^ti, «., 
 accomplishment, perfection. 
 
 dan, m.n., direction, side. — ki; 
 daman [pi.) ; magalada dan- 
 keda shishe, the other side of 
 the town. 
 
 dan, v.tr., drink (milk, ghee) ; 
 dama, wan dami. 
 
 dansi, o.c, cause to drink ; arurta 
 dansi, give or make the child 
 drin k (ordinarily they say anaha 
 si, give milk). 
 
 so dami, v.tr., fill ; kussada bi- 
 yaha ku so dami, fill the water- 
 pot. 
 
 dan, m.n., camel (water-bearer). 
 — ki. 
 
 danab, m.n., flash of lightning, 
 — ki. 
 
 danan, m.n., horse's neighing. — 
 ki,— yo. 
 
 danan, v.imp., neighs, chinks ; 
 faraska danan, the horse 
 neighs ; ka', ka' ! faraski ba 
 dananai, get up, the horse has 
 neighed; la'agtu wa dalasha 
 dananta, money shines and 
 chinks. 
 
 danan, a., salted, sour; hilib 
 
DAN- 
 
 SI 
 
 BAR 
 
 danan, salted meat ; lin danan, 
 lemon, citron. 
 
 dandansid or -sis, m.n., challenge. 
 — ki, 
 
 dandanso, v.tr., challenge. 
 
 dandul, f.n., skin pail used in 
 digsing wells. — shi. 
 
 dar, f.n., stone house. — ti. 
 
 dar, v.tr., dip, fill in dipping (dip 
 a pen). 
 
 ku dar, v.tr., add to, appoint, settle. 
 
 iss ku dar, v.tr., join, mix. (This 
 verb is also used for the join- 
 ing of letters and sentences.) 
 
 iss ku daran, v.ip., be joined, 
 gathered. 
 
 iss ku daran, m.n., joining (of 
 the flocks), joining, junction 
 (of things). 
 
 dar, root. 
 
 ka si dar, v.i., become worse ; 
 adigu wa ka si daraisa, you are 
 getting worse ; gidigin wa ka 
 si daraisa e wa side ? you are 
 all getting worse, how is this ? 
 
 daran, a. (This word expresses 
 the privation of some goods or 
 quality, and is never used 
 alone.) mindi 'af daran, a 
 blunt knife, i.e. a knife whose 
 mouth ('af ) is deprived of the 
 power of cutting. 
 
 N.B. — The word dar in ka 
 si dar may be considered as 
 the root of daran, meaning de- 
 prived of something. 
 
 dar, f.n., oath, faith, fidelity. 
 — ti. 
 
 dar so mari, v.tr., affirm upon an 
 oath, asseverate. 
 
 daro, v.i., swear ; darta, wan 
 daran. 
 
 dari, v.c, make him swear. 
 
 dar, m.n., cloth, clothes (general 
 name), dress. — ki. 
 
 darka gasho, v.i., dress yourself. 
 
 darka iss ka dig, v.i., undress. 
 
 dar hassal, m.n., washerman. 
 
 dar tol, m.n., tailor. — ki, — yo. 
 
 dar samai, v.tr., weave; 
 
 dar samais, m.n., weaver, — ki, 
 — ti, — yo. 
 
 darab, m.n., dew. — ki, yo. 
 
 darabsan, a., dewy ; saka dulka 
 wa darabsana, this morning 
 the earth is dewy. 
 
 darad,y.re., interest (for the), sake 
 (for the — of). — di ; daraddai, 
 for me... 
 
 kan daraddi, c, on account of 
 that, therefore. 
 
 daraf, f.n., border of a cloth, 
 corners (of the loin-cloth). — ti, 
 — yo; d!arafta so digo an hoga 
 barisah kugu shubai, prepare 
 the corner of your loin-cloth, I 
 will put some rice in it. 
 
 daragad,y^ra., during the time of 
 rain theSomal prepares branches 
 and boughs in the interior of 
 his hut, so that if the water 
 enters it, he may nevertheless 
 sleep in it without being in- 
 commoded by the water. This 
 kind of bed or interior upper 
 floor is called daragad, — di. 
 
 darai, m.n., very large fig-tree, 
 one of the largest trees in 
 Somaliland. — gi. 
 
 daraj, m.n.^ means. — ki. 
 
PAE 
 
 32 
 
 DAW 
 
 daran,y!M., a kind of sour shrub 
 eaten by camels in the jungle. 
 — ti. 
 
 darar,/.ra., day (the twelve hours 
 of light). — ^ti. 
 
 dararta, ad., to-day. 
 
 darar mal, m.n., a [lerson milking 
 during the day. (It is shame- 
 ful for a Somal to do so.) 
 
 dararo, v.i., dine. 
 
 dararad, m.n., dinner, or meal 
 taken during the day. — ^ki, 
 
 darbah, v.tr., slap. 
 
 darbaho,^?!., slap. 
 
 dardarau, m.n., legacy, bequest, 
 last words of a dying father. 
 — ki. 
 
 dardaran, v.i., bequeath, leave to; 
 dardarma, wan dardarmi. 
 
 dareir, m.n., saliva, spittle. — ki, 
 
 — yo. 
 
 daremOj/re., short and close grass, 
 very good pasture, stubble. 
 
 darer, m.n , cattle. — ki. 
 
 dareri, s. fofi. 
 
 dareyo,/ra., chalk. 
 
 darkain, m.n., kind of cactus, 
 grows in dark groves, its bole 
 has a reddish bark that peels off 
 in diamond-shaped flakes. — ki. 
 
 darih, m.n., street, road, way. 
 —id, — yo. 
 
 darman, m.n., colt, foal. — ^ki. 
 
 dannaii,/n., filly. — ti. 
 
 darur, _/!«., cloud. — ^ti, 
 
 daruran, a., cloudy ; 'irku wa 
 daruranyahai, or darur bu 
 lehyahai, the sky is cloudy. 
 
 darur, m.n., border, edge, selvedge 
 added to the Isorder of the 
 
 Somali leather dress or sandals 
 in order to make them strong. 
 — ki. 
 
 darur, v.tr., filter, strain. 
 
 darur, y.ra., filter, colander. — ti. 
 
 das, m.n., inn, shop, stall. — ki. 
 
 dasad, f.n., jug, pot, empty tin 
 pot. — di. 
 
 dastur, f.n., custom, habit, esta- 
 blished manner. — ti. 
 
 dau, m.n., way, path. — gi, — yo. 
 
 daudar, m.n., chatting, babbling. 
 — ki. 
 
 daudar, v.i., chat, babble. 
 
 (nin) daudarah, m.n., babbler, 
 chatter-box. 
 
 daudaula, m.n., kind of wood- 
 pecker. — ki. 
 
 daulad, or dowlad, f.n., judge, 
 authority. — di. 
 
 dauli, or dowli, v.tr., draw water 
 from a well. 
 
 da'un, m re., cholera — ^ki; da'uuki 
 ba dilai, cholera killed him 
 
 daiir, m.n., a certain number. — ki. 
 
 daur, v.i., await, behold, have 
 pa,tience. 
 
 iss ka daur, v.i., be attentive, 
 mind yourself, keep away from. 
 
 dawa, m.n., pan. — M. 
 
 dawa', m.n , male fox. — ki. 
 
 dawa'0,y.ra., fox (general name), 
 
 dawad, j'^.n., inkstand. — di. 
 
 dawad,/.re., suit, process. — di. 
 
 dawah, v.i., scream, shout, shriek. 
 
 dawah, m.n , noise, scream. — M, 
 
 — yo. 
 
 dawan, m.n., small bell. — ^ki. 
 dawar, m.n., machine. — ki. 
 dawaro, f.n., alms. 
 
DAW 
 
 33 
 
 DEH 
 
 dawarsi, m.n., begsirg (of alms). 
 
 dawarso, or dawirso, v.i., beg 
 (for alms). 
 
 dawo, or dai'mo, f.n., medicine, 
 pkysic, medicament. 
 
 dawai, v tr., give medicine, prac- 
 tise physic. 
 
 dawOj/.w., association, company ; 
 dawannu lehnahai, we have 
 an association. 
 
 la dawaiso, v.r., associate thyself 
 with him ; dawaista, associate 
 iplur.). 
 
 daya', v.tr., lose ; daya'a, wan 
 dayi'i. 
 
 dayah, m.n.,rs\oor\, crescent. — ^ha; 
 dayah 'usub, new moon ; da- 
 yah badki, half-moon ; dayah 
 dan, full moon. 
 
 dayan, or diyan, m.n., echo. — ^ki. 
 
 dayan, or diyan, v.i.., be echoing, 
 echo ; dayama, or diyama, wan 
 dayami; burti wa dayamaisa, 
 the hill is echoing. 
 
 dayi, m.n., fat, tallow under the 
 belly of sheep. — gi. 
 
 dayimis, or dayiman, m.n., eter- 
 nity. — ki. 
 
 dayim, or dayimanah, a., eternal, 
 everlasting ; Ilah wa dayim, 
 God is eternal. 
 
 de'an, or da'an, m.n., juice, gravy, 
 pus, matter, or any humour com- 
 ing out from a living body. — ki; 
 de'an ba bogtaida ka yimi, pus 
 comes out from my wound; 
 de'anka afka maska ka yi- 
 mada wa urgnmo, the humour 
 coming out from the mouth of 
 the serpent is a venom (poison). 
 
 deb'i, v.tr., loose, loosen, slacken. 
 debi'san, a.v., loose, loosened, 
 
 slack. 
 debin,/w.,lip. — ^ti; debno {plur.). 
 ded, v.tr., cover him with his 
 
 • sheet (garment). 
 
 def, f.n., recompense, reward, 
 salary.— ti. 
 
 deg, v.i., alight, descend, disem- 
 bark, land, campf unload ; ku 
 — , adhere, stick to, catch hold 
 of. 
 
 deji, v.tr., land, disembark; war ! 
 alabadoda deji, land, disem- 
 bark your goods ; so — , go and 
 land; ku — , apply (colours), 
 lay to (one thing to another) . 
 
 SO deg, v.i., descend (towards 
 rae) ; ka — , get down from ; 
 ku — , adhere, stick to, catch 
 hold of. 
 
 degdeg, int., be quick. (This 
 word is sometimes used as a 
 kind of curse, meaning "hasten 
 to die.") 
 
 deg, /!?!., ear. — ^ti. 
 
 degaiso, v.i., hear, listen to ; fle- 
 gaista, wan degaisan. 
 
 dega, int. of surprise, meaning 
 " see ! " " hear ! " 
 
 degala, a., deaf. 
 
 dega nugul, a., obedient. 
 
 dega adag, a., disobedient. 
 
 dega nuglow, v i., be obedient. 
 
 dega nuglan,y!»., obedience. — ^ti; 
 
 . dega nugail. — ki also is used. 
 
 degahad, or digahad, m.n., bit of 
 wood used as a broom. — ^ki. 
 
 degsar, m.n., armful. — M. 
 
 deh,/.w., centre, middle — dL 
 D 
 
DBH 
 
 34 
 
 DIB 
 
 deMa, ad., amidst, among, be- 
 tween. 
 dahai, v.L, be in the middle; 
 
 u — , go in tlie middle ; so — , 
 
 come between. 
 deh gal, v.i., intercede, negotiate, 
 
 settle. 
 sah dehe, ad., midnight. 
 deh, v.tr., say (see odo). 
 deh, f.n., generosity. — di. 
 dehsi, m.n., generous man. — gi. 
 dehsi ahaw, or dehsi noho, v.att., 
 
 be generous. 
 deh daran, a., ungenerous. 
 deked, f.n., harbour, pier, wharf. 
 
 — di. 
 dein, m.n., taking, buying at 
 
 credit. — ^ki. 
 dein had, m.n., merchant, bor- 
 rower. — ^ki, — yo, 
 dein, w.n., kind of fig-tree, variety 
 
 of the darai. — ki. 
 deir, m.n., dyke, butt (made 
 
 around a Somali hut to protect 
 
 it against water). — ki. 
 deldel, v.tr., hang. 
 dembi, m.n., sin.— gi. 
 dad dembigaleh, m.n., sinner. 
 denged,/.K., rod used for flogging. 
 
 — di. 
 dengadai, v.ir., flog, scourge, 
 der, a., deep, high, long, tall. 
 derai, v.tr., lengthen, prolong. 
 flerer, m.n., depth, length, height. 
 
 — ki, — yo. 
 dereri, v.tr., lengthen ; iss ku — , 
 
 lengthen (in adding something 
 
 to). 
 der, m.n,, he-gazelle.— ki. 
 dero, f.n., gazelle (male and 
 
 female in general), ganella 
 nazo. 
 
 derbi, m.n., wall, stone wall. — gi. 
 
 derder, v.tr., take possession of 
 (a devil); shaitan ba derderai, 
 he was possessed of a devil. 
 
 derderan, a.v., possessed (of a 
 devil). 
 
 derderan, v.p., be possessed of a 
 devil; derderma,wan derdermi. 
 
 dereb, f.n., two skins sewn to- 
 gether ; used to carry children. 
 — ti. 
 
 dereg, m.n., satiety, affluence, 
 abundance. 
 
 dereg, v.i., abound ; derga, wan 
 
 • dergi. 
 
 dergi, v.tr., make him abound. 
 
 deregsan, a.v., satiated. 
 
 deregsanaw, v.att., be satiated. 
 
 deri, m.n., earthenware pot used 
 as a boiler. 
 
 deris, neighbour, inhabitant, sub- 
 ject.— ki, — yo. 
 
 derisnimo,y;M., neighbourhood. 
 
 derji, m.n., tailor. — gi. 
 
 dermo, /.M., mat. 
 
 deyib, f.n., Somali pine, moun- 
 tain cedar. — ti. 
 
 dhobi, m.n,, washerman. — gi. 
 
 diafad, /.n., banquet. — di. 
 
 dib, ad., back, behind ; kasi dib 
 bu u hadai, that one remained 
 behind. 
 
 dibad, f.n., back, out, hind part ; 
 dibadda, outside ; ninkas dib- 
 baddu, or dabaddu ka bahaya, 
 this man is discharging from 
 behind, or has diarrhoea. 
 
 dib n had, v.i., remain behind. 
 
DIB 
 
 35 
 
 DIG 
 
 dib u jogso, v.i., retire, shrink ; 
 
 dib ban u, or uga jogsan, I 
 
 will retire from. 
 dib u si, v.tr., give back, rptum. 
 dib, m.n., tail of a goat. — ki. 
 dib hallow, m.n., scorpion. — ^hi, 
 
 — yo. 
 dib (with xi),v.tr., give, bestow ; 
 
 u dib, give to him. 
 diba, m.n., giver. — ^hi. 
 dibniii,/.«., delivery, giving. — ^ti; 
 
 alabadaidi dibnintedi wa igu 
 
 humaid, the delivery of mj 
 
 goods was very difficult. 
 dibasho,/.«.,deposit,pledge,pawn. 
 VL dibo, i!.tr., intrust ; amauadas 
 
 yan ku diban, I will intrust 
 
 to you that deposit. 
 dibin, or debia, f.n., lip. — ^ti; 
 
 dibno (plur.). 
 dibi, m.n., ox. — gi. 
 dibi yar, m.n., bullock. 
 dibi',/ra., drop, speck, spray. — di. 
 dibow, m.n., kind of euphorbia 
 
 (as abush) , milky sap. — gi, — yo. 
 dibtan, m.n., hard-working man. 
 
 — ki, — yo. 
 dibtan, v.i., work hard ; dibtama, 
 
 wan dibtami. 
 did, v.i., deny, disobey, refuse, 
 
 forbid ; Ilahhai dembi did, 
 
 God forbids sin. 
 didsan, a.v., disobedient, refusing ; 
 
 wil didsan, a disobedient boy ; 
 
 la didsanyahai, it is refused. 
 u did, v.tr., forbid, prevent ; wah- 
 
 hasi wa wah la iss u didai, 
 
 that thing is forbidden. 
 didnin,/.n., disobedience, refusal. 
 
 — ti. 
 
 did, m.n., cancerous wound, rot- 
 ten reddish flesh in a wound. — 
 ki; hontasi did bai lehdahai, 
 that wound is cancerous. 
 
 didar,_/!re., striped hysena. — ki. 
 
 didhin, m.n., myrrh-tree. — ki. 
 
 didib, m.n., peg. — ki, — yo. 
 
 didib, v.ir., peg, put a peg. 
 
 didid, m.n., sweat. — ki, — yo. 
 
 didid, v.i., sweat. 
 
 didig, m.n., female. — ki, — yo, 
 
 difo, or dufo, v.tr., jerk, pull, 
 snatch, take by force ; ka - 
 take by force from; ku — , 
 fall on, knock, strike; SO — , 
 take from him to you. 
 
 dig, m.n., blood, menses. — gi 
 diggu ma ka yimada 1 are the 
 menses regular 1 
 
 dig bah, v.i., bleed ; — a, wan — 
 bihi.' 
 
 dig ka si da, v.tr., let blood; dig 
 ban ka si dein, I will let blood. 
 
 dig bah, m.n., bleeding. — hi. 
 
 dig, m.n., cock. — gi, — ag, 
 
 digag, m.n., cock and hen (gener 
 ral name). — gi. 
 
 digaga, f.n., hen. — di. 
 
 dig.rin ('as or madow), m.n., 
 guinea-fowl. — ki. 
 
 dig (with u or ku), v.tr., warn, 
 advise. 
 
 dignin,y^n., warning. — ti. 
 
 dignin dir, v.tr., send a warning. 
 
 dig, v.tr., place, set, prepare; 
 miska dig, prepare the table. 
 
 ka dig, v.i., make of, from. 
 
 digo, v.tr., keep for you, lay aside, 
 iearn. 
 
 ku dig, v.tr., write ; warhadda 
 D 2 
 
DIG 
 
 36 
 
 DIN 
 
 ku aig, write the letter ; war- 
 hadda ku digai, I have written 
 the letter. 
 
 u dig, v.tr., teach. 
 
 dig, f.n., bent sticks used for 
 making the frame of a Somali 
 hut. — ^ti. 
 
 digdoho, f.n., thorn-tree, hori- 
 zontal sticks of which huts are 
 made, first' stick placed when 
 making a hut. 
 
 dig lola, f.n., small boughs or 
 sticks tied together with 
 leathern strings, crossing the 
 T)ent sticks (or digo) on which 
 tliey are placed and fastened. 
 
 digsi, m.n., kettle, boiler. — gi 
 (see disti). 
 
 dih,y.?i., dry torrent, bed of a river. 
 
 dihah, m.n., a woman with child, 
 pregnant. — hi. 
 
 dihal, m.n., starvation. — ki. 
 
 dihali, v.i., make him starve. 
 
 dihalan, a.v., starving. 
 
 dihalanaw, v.att., be starving. 
 
 iihi,f.n., grass. — di. 
 
 dihsi, m.n., fly. — gi. 
 
 dikri, m.n., bush growing near 
 river-beds, smells like a ripe 
 black currant bush ; its leaves 
 are boiled with meat and grease 
 for sick people. 
 
 dil, v.tr., hesit, strike, kill ; iss — , 
 commit suicide. 
 
 dilan, v.p., be killed; dilma, wan 
 dilmi. 
 
 ail, v.tr., peel, rind. 
 
 dil, f.n., kind of jar made of the 
 fibres of a certain wood first 
 passed through the fire. — shi, 
 
 dila', v.imp., become worse (this 
 verb is used for sores) ; bog- 
 taidi wa dila'dai, my sore has 
 become worse. 
 
 dila', v.i., be torn, burst. 
 
 dila'i, v.tr., tear (cloth, paper). 
 
 dilal, m.n., broker. — ki. 
 
 dilal, or dilal noho, v.i., broke. 
 
 dilif, or daba dilif, m.n., sheep's 
 tail below the fat. — ki. 
 
 dilin, f.n., line.— ti, — ^mo, or 
 dilimoin (plur.). 
 
 dillai, m.n., adulterer. — gi. 
 
 dillo, f.n., adultress, prostitute, 
 liarlot. 
 
 diUaiiimo,/?i., adultery. 
 
 din, v.tr., diminish, lessen, reduce; 
 dima, wan dimi. 
 
 diman, a.v , deficient, less; la'ag- 
 tu wa dunantahai, there is not 
 money eno\igh ; la'agti wa 
 dinaid, the money was not 
 sutKcient. 
 
 dimad, m.n., death. — ki, — yo ; 
 dimasho-adi is also used for 
 death 
 
 dimo, v.i., die ; dinta, wan di- 
 man. 
 
 dinsan, a.v., mortally wounded. 
 
 din, f.n., religion. — ti, —mo; 
 dimo badan ba jira, mid ke- 
 liah se hagagsan, tjiere ma 
 many religions, but only one 
 good ; din islamed, Moha- 
 medan religion. 
 
 din, m.n., tortoise. — ki. 
 
 din baded, m.n., turtle. — ki, 
 .— yo, 
 
 dinad,/.n., cat.— di; dinad yar, 
 kitten. 
 
DIN 
 
 37 
 
 DOP 
 
 dinad habishi,/?i., wild cat {felis 
 cerval). — di. 
 
 dinbil, f.n., spark, sparkle. — shi. 
 
 dir, v.tr., send, despatch ; la dir, 
 he has been sent; i so dir, 
 send to me ; u dir, send to. 
 
 dir, m.n., bark of a tree, a peel, 
 a rind. — ki. 
 
 dir, v.tr., peelj bark, abrade. 
 
 dirau, a.v., peeled, stripped, 
 balked ; gedkasi wa diranya- 
 hai, that tree is barked ; wan 
 kufai wai i dirantai, I fell 
 down and barked myself. 
 
 dirau, m.n., abrasion.^ — ki ; dir- 
 anka igu yal bog ban ka 
 hadai, my abrasion has turned 
 into a sore. 
 
 diria, m.n., peeling. — ki. 
 
 dirindir, f.n., caterpillar. — ^ti. 
 
 dir, f.n., trees (always used in 
 the plur). — ti. 
 
 dirad, f.n., compass. — dL 
 
 dirah, or dnrah, one of the 
 divisions of the seasons. 
 
 dirM, m.n., worm, larva.— gi. 
 
 diri, v.tr., heat, warm. 
 
 diran, v. p., be healed, warmed; 
 dirma, wan dirmL 
 
 dirir, v.tr., assail, fight. 
 
 dirir, /.»., assault, fight, battle, 
 quarrel, conflict. — ^ti. 
 
 dis, v.tr., press, squeeze, push hard. 
 
 disan, a.v., pressed, squeezed ; 
 burigi disan, the pressed to- 
 bacco. 
 
 disin,/!7i., pressing, squeeze. — ti. 
 
 dis, V tr., build ; U dis, build for. 
 
 diso, v.r., build for yourself ; 
 dista, wan disan. 
 
 disin, or disnin, m. and f.n., buikl- 
 inef, construction. — ki or — ti. 
 
 U dis, v.tr., give in marriage ; 
 gabaddadu ma i disaisa ? will 
 you give me your daughter in 
 marriage 1 
 
 disti, m.n., kettle, boiler. — gi. 
 
 ditahab, or digtab, m.n., tioe of 
 which spear-shafts are made. 
 — ki. 
 
 diyan (s^e dayan). 
 
 diyar garai, v.L, make ready 
 (especially used for giving 
 orders). 
 
 diyar, a., ready; ninki wa diyar, 
 the man is ready. 
 
 d'oai, or d'uai, v.fr., pray, bless ; 
 inankaga u d'oai, bless your 
 son ; Ilah ha ku d'oaiyo, may 
 God bless you ; i d'uai, pray 
 for me, bless me. 
 
 d'oo, or d'UO,/"™., prayer, blessing. 
 
 d'oaiso, v.r., pray for you ; Ilah- 
 how wan d'oaisauaya e iga 
 abbal, my God, I pray lo 
 thee, listen to me. 
 
 dob, f.n., sign of a camel's anger 
 (a kind of fleshy ball hanging 
 out of its mouth). — ti. 
 
 dobleh, a., angry camel (having 
 the sign) ; aurtasi wa aur dob- 
 leh, that camel is angry. 
 
 dobla, a., not angry camel. 
 
 dob, m.n., bachelor, unmarried 
 
 person. — kL 
 dof, m.n., sea-voyage, travel, em- 
 barkation. — ki ; — af, or — yo 
 {plur.). 
 dof, v.i., sail ; gonnad dofi, or 
 dofaisa ? when will you sail 1 
 
DOF 
 
 38 
 
 DOE 
 
 dofi, v.tr., hoist (a sail, a flag). 
 
 — v.i., embark, travel by sea. 
 dofsi, v.tr., embark, cause to 
 
 voyage, send by sea ; adigaig^ 
 
 baa dofsiu, I will embark my 
 
 sheep. 
 dofar, m.n., pig, boar, hog, wart- 
 hog. — ki. 
 dog, f.n.^ green grass. — ti. 
 dog'ob, m.n., log, a big but short 
 
 beam. 
 dogor, f.n., fleece, wool, hair (of 
 
 goats, cows, horses) ; always 
 
 plur. — ti. 
 dogor rugmad, m.n., name of a 
 
 disease (sheep and goats) which 
 
 makes the fleece become poor 
 
 and scanty. — ki. 
 dogor rugmad, or dogorgois, m.n., 
 
 moulting. 
 doh, v.tr., disembowel (open the 
 
 belly). 
 dohnin, f.n., rupture, opening of 
 
 the belly (in cutting).- — ti. 
 doh, m.n., bed of a river, dry 
 
 river. — hi. 
 dohana, or dohanai, m.n., kind of 
 
 spear. 
 dohbo, /.w., clay, mud, bog, 
 dohba h.aredad,/.»., lime, plaster, 
 
 — di. 
 dohb, v.tr , plaster (either with 
 
 mud or lime). 
 dohbai, v.tr., defile, pollute, soil, 
 
 sully.— dembi naftu dohbaiya, 
 
 sin defiles the soul. 
 doho, f.n., field, large plain or 
 
 valley covered with grass, 
 
 stream of water. 
 doh.oii,n!.n.,blockhead,8tupid. — ki. 
 
 don, v.tr., wish, desire, purpose, 
 seek, search, want, betroth. 
 (This verb is also used as an 
 auxiliary to form certain tenses 
 of the verb ; see Gram.) 
 
 done, v.r., look for yourself ; 
 donta, wan donan. 
 
 donin, f.n., wish, desire, research, 
 — ti. 
 
 donin, m.n., betrothing. — ki. 
 
 donan, a.v., betrothed. 
 
 doni, f.n., large boat. — di. 
 
 dor, m.n., a bunch of hair left on 
 the top of the head of small 
 boys. — ki. 
 
 dor, a., nice. 
 
 dor, m.n., choice. — ki; wa dor, it 
 is chosen. 
 
 dori, v.tr., barter, change, choose; 
 i dori, change with me ; mida- 
 has mid iga dori, choose one 
 of these fruits for me. 
 
 doro, v.r., choose for yourself ; 
 dorta, wan doran ; ka — , 
 choose from amongst. 
 
 dorasho, /n., choice. 
 
 dorsan, a v., chosen. 
 
 dorsanaw, v.att., be chosen. 
 
 iss dori, v.r., disguise yourself. 
 
 dorso, v.tr., exchange. 
 
 dora, m.n., cock, fowl ; — M — 
 doroin (plur.). 
 
 doro, /.«., fowls in general. 
 
 doro, word meaning dirt formed on 
 the sexual parts of the body ; doro 
 weinai naga tag, dirty boy, go 
 away. (This expression is a foul 
 cursing used amongst Somalis, 
 and having the shameful mean- 
 ing of eating the dirt formed.) 
 
DOE 
 
 39 
 
 DUP 
 
 dorrad,/.n., the day before yester- 
 day.— di; dorrad dawan ku 
 siyai, the day before yesterday 
 I gave you medicine. 
 
 flow, a., near, adjacent, recently ; 
 wa i dowyahai, he is near me. 
 
 iiowai (with so), v.c, cause to ap- 
 proach; iss ML, or ku — , put 
 roar each other. 
 
 U dowow, v.i., be near, go near ; 
 u dowada, wan dowan. 
 
 so dowow, or dowo, v.i., come 
 near, approach ; isagu wa so 
 dowa, kolki kui kaleh 'araren, 
 he had come near to me when 
 the others iied away. 
 ' dowan, f.n., proximity, nearness. 
 — ti. 
 
 dowdowlai, v.i., shout, bawl. 
 
 dowdowleh, m.n., shouter, bawler. 
 —hi. 
 
 dowli (with so), v.tr., draw (water) ; 
 biyo so dowliya, (ye) draw 
 water ; biyo si dowli, draw 
 water (when I am out). 
 
 dowlis, m.n., rope and pail used 
 for drawing water. 
 
 druan, m.n., peg-top. -ki. 
 
 du, m.n., skin garment worn by 
 women in the jungle.— gi. 
 
 dub, m.n., human skin. — ki; dub- 
 ka ka bihi, skin. 
 
 dub, v.tr., fold, roll up, cover the 
 head ; dudub, fold {intensive 
 verb). 
 
 dubnin, m.n., fold, plait, wrinkle, 
 crease. — ki. 
 
 dub, v.tr., roast on the fire, toast, 
 broil. 
 
 dubo, t'.r., roast (for you). 
 
 duban, a.v., broiled, roasted; hilib 
 duban, roasted meat. 
 
 flub, m.n., second bark of trees 
 (used for making ropes) . — ki. 
 
 flub, v.tr., point, make acute some- 
 thing ; i flub, point that for 
 me. 
 
 dubalad, f.n., wick. — di. 
 
 dubbai, or dubba, m.n., hammer. 
 —hi. 
 
 dubba, or dubbo,/.«., gourd, kind 
 of pumpkin. — di. 
 
 dud, v.i., pout. (This verb is also 
 used for a wife having been 
 beaten by her husband ; in this 
 case it has two meanings at the 
 same time, of pouting and of 
 running away ; nagti wa du- 
 daisa, the wife is pouting, and 
 will run away ; nagti wa du- 
 dai, the woman pouted and 
 fled away. 
 
 dudmo, f.n., pout. 
 
 dud, m.n., mound, embankment. 
 — ki. 
 
 dud, f.n., wood, forest. — di. 
 
 fluduu, m.n., fore-arm, wrist, 
 cubit, shank (of camels). — ki. 
 
 fluflumi, v.tr., measure. 
 
 duf, m.n., humour, mucous of the 
 nose {see sin). — ^ki. 
 
 duf, m.n., covering of a Somali 
 hut. — ki. 
 
 dufan, m.n., castration. — ki. 
 
 dufan, v.tr., castrate, emasculate. 
 
 (nin) dufanan, m.n., eunuch. — ki. 
 
 dufo {see difo and jid). 
 
 dufi, v.tr., allure, attract, entice. 
 
 dufso, v.tr., attract, entice to evil. 
 
 dufan, m.n., food or grease re- 
 
DUG 
 
 40 
 
 DUL 
 
 maining round the mouth after 
 meal. — ki ; war ! dufanka iss 
 ka bihi, clean you? lips (mouth). 
 
 dug, v.tr., ruh, shampoo ; iss ku 
 — , beat with. 
 
 dug, or dog, f.n., place where 
 water is found after rain (a kind 
 of pond). — ^ti. 
 
 dug, or tog, f.n., aim, aiming at 
 (in shooting). 
 
 (nin) dug or tog badan, a., a man 
 skilful in aiming. 
 
 la dugo, or la togo, v.tr., aim at ; 
 la dugta, wan la dugan. 
 
 dugag, m.ra., animal, beast (general 
 name). — gi; dad iyo dugag, 
 men and animals. 
 
 dugagad, f.n., bracelet (general 
 name), bangle of glass. — di. 
 
 flub, m.n., marrow. — hi, — yo. 
 
 dubul, f.n., coal. — sM; — nol, 
 Kving, or burning oal ; — 
 dableh, or — dambasleb, fire- 
 brand ; duhusha ! cry of coal- 
 sellers. 
 
 duhul ku reb, m.n., black ant. — 
 ki. (After the Ijiting of this 
 ant, a pain resembling that 
 produced by a burning coal 
 remains in the place it has 
 bitten.) 
 
 duhur, m.n., noon. — ^ki ; duhurka 
 dabadisa, the afternoon. 
 
 dub, a., aged man, person ; nin- 
 kasi wa dub, that man is old. 
 
 dub, f.n., old age. — di. 
 
 dug, a., old (only used for things); 
 darkasi wa dug, that garment 
 is old. 
 
 dub, /.«., game (play), — di; dub. 
 
 ba ku jirta, or ku la jirta, or 
 dub ban kugu lehyabai, or dub 
 ban ka badiyai, you have lost 
 a game ; dub ban ku derabai, 
 I have gained one game more 
 than you. 
 
 dubfid, m. and f.n., last play or 
 play just before dark. — ki and 
 di ; duhfidki ban ka elai, or 
 ka badiyai, I have gained the 
 last play. 
 
 dub, f.n., vagina. — di. 
 
 dub, m.n., fornication. — hi. 
 
 dub, v.i., fornicate. 
 
 dub, v.i., put the finger in grease or 
 in any other liquid and lick it. 
 
 dukan, m.n., shop, public house. 
 — ki. 
 
 dukis, a., walking slowly, 
 stealthily, as a lame man, a 
 limp. 
 
 dukus, v.i., go stealthily, crouch. 
 
 duksi, m.n., shelter against the 
 cold, the wind, feeling warm. 
 
 — P- 
 
 duksi, v.i., warm in the sun, pre- 
 pare a warm place, make the 
 place warm (by shutting the 
 door or windows). 
 
 duksiso, v.r., warm yourself. 
 
 dul, f.n., top, point, surface. — shi. 
 
 dul, ad., above, over, up. 
 
 dusha, dushi, prp., on, iipon, 
 above ; dusha sarai, higher in 
 place; dusha gestedi, upwards. 
 
 duled, m.n., outside (of a house) 
 — di ; isagu duled ku joga, he 
 is outside. 
 
 dul, f.n , back (especially used 
 for camels). — shi. 
 
DUL 
 
 41 
 
 DUE 
 
 d'il, v.i., fly (birds). 
 
 dul, v.tr., attack (another tribe). 
 
 dul, m.n., nostril. — ki. 
 
 dul, m.n., earth, ground, floor. — ki. 
 
 dul garir, m.n., earthquake. — ki. 
 
 dulam, or dulum, m.n., tyrant, 
 
 tyranny. — ki. 
 dulan, or dulun, v.i., govern as a 
 
 tyrant ; dulama, wan dulami. 
 dilldul, m.n., splash, bespattering. 
 
 — ^ki. 
 dilldul, v.i., bespatter, splash. 
 dulhado, v.i., be patient ; u — , 
 
 .•support, be patient with him. 
 dulhadsho, f.n., patience ; wa nin 
 
 dulhadasho badan, he is a vury 
 
 patient man. 
 duUah, m.n., abscess, boil. — hi, 
 
 — yo. 
 dubnadow, f.n., jackal. — di ; da- 
 
 wa'o dulmadowais also used. 
 dululuh, m.n., pimples covering 
 
 the skin of goats after rain. — 
 
 hi. 
 dulun, v.tr., cheat ; dulma, wan 
 
 dulmi. 
 dulun, m.n., cheating. — ki. 
 (nin) dulunah, a., a cheating man ; 
 
 nin dulman, a cheated man. 
 dumar, m.n., womankind, harem. 
 
 — ^ki; dumaro is used when 
 
 speaking of women in general. 
 dumashi, f.n., sister-in-law. — di. 
 dumi, v.tr., overthrow, put down, 
 
 demolish ; ahalkaiga dumi, de- 
 molish my house. 
 dumi, v.tr., hide, conceal. 
 dumo, v.r., hide yourself ; dunta, 
 
 wan duman. 
 dumasho, /.n., hiding. 
 
 dun,/.7i., pJur., thread, forefathers. 
 — ti ; wa duntaidi, it is my 
 forefather ; wa duntl rer he- 
 bel, they are the forefathers of 
 such a family. 
 
 dundumo, f.n., white ants' hill in 
 the desert. 
 
 duni, or duniyada, f.n., world. 
 — di ; war ! duniyada 'iddina 
 ku had! maiso, or duniyada 
 'iddina weliged ma jiri dona, 
 nobody will always remain in 
 the world. 
 
 dunyo, /.«., wealth. 
 
 dunkal, f.n., poisonous plant, 
 poison. — shi. 
 
 dunkal si, v.tr., poison, give him. 
 poison. 
 
 dunko, v.i., kiss. 
 
 dunkad, or dunkasho, n., kiss, 
 kisse.'!. — ki, — yo (m. plur.) ; 
 — adi. 
 
 dunyalai, m.n., small mosquito. 
 hi. 
 
 dur, m.n., grass growing in thick 
 and high feathery clumps, from 
 six to eight feet, excellent pas- 
 ture when young. — ki. 
 
 dura, m.n., vessel with a handle, 
 used for taking soup or water. 
 —hi. 
 
 durai, m.n., catarrh, cold. — gi ; 
 durai ha i haiya, I caught a 
 cold. 
 
 durai had, v.i., get a cold ; — a 
 wan durihyi. 
 
 durhan, m.n., drum. — ^ki. 
 
 durdur, m.n., river, stream. — ki, 
 
 durma, f.n., curb (part of a 
 bridle). — di. 
 
DUE 
 
 42 
 
 EDI 
 
 dubsin, /.ra., taking oiit of liquid 
 gum from the bole of a tree, as 
 small boys do in the jungle. 
 — ti. 
 
 duhso, v.i., take out the liquid 
 gum... 
 
 durug, v.i., move, remove ; durka, 
 wan durki ; u — , go near to 
 him; ka — , go away from ; 
 si — , go farther on ; SO — , 
 approach. 
 
 durki, v.t., bring forwards, ad- 
 vance, approach. 
 
 durwa, m.n., spotted hysena (name 
 used by the Dhulbahanti. — gi. 
 
 duryo, f.n., kite (bird). 
 
 dus (with ka), v.i., sink. 
 
 dusi, v.tr., thiust in. 
 
 dus, v.i., fart, foist. 
 
 duso, f.n., fart, foist. 
 
 dushin, or dusin, f.n., ground, 
 floor. — ti. 
 
 duti, v.i., limp, go lame. 
 
 dutiyai, m.n., lame man. — hi. 
 
 dutiso, f.n., lame woman. 
 
 du'un, f.n., flint stone. 
 
 du'un dableh, f.n., steel (of a 
 tinder box). — ti. 
 
 E. 
 
 e, int. part., -whutl ■wherel (This 
 letter is afExed either to article, 
 noun...) 
 
 e, rel. pr., who, which. 
 
 e, con^., and. 
 
 Ehba, m.n., God. (This word is 
 generally used with the pass. 
 
 pron. in the same way as abba 
 — hi {which see). 
 
 ed, f.n., cause, motive, reason. — 
 di ; dirirta eddedi wa aurti la 
 hadai, the cause of the attack 
 was the robbery of camels. 
 
 ed, v.tr., suffer a lo-ss, have a bad 
 result in a bargain, in changing, 
 in taking a medicine which pro- 
 duces a contrary effect to one's 
 expectation. A robber caught 
 whilst stealing and punished, 
 the unrepentant sinner in hell, 
 will say, wan edai, I have been 
 mistaken. 
 
 edis, f.n., bad result, reverse, con- 
 trary. — ti. 
 
 edai, v.tr., accuse (generally used 
 in the sense of accusing falsely) ; 
 ku — , accuse him falsely ; ha 
 1 edain wahba ma an haditi, 
 do not accuse me, I have taken 
 nothing. 
 
 edan, m.n., prayer call (used 
 among Mussulojans). — ki ; e- 
 danki ma mahashai, have you 
 heard the call. 
 
 edib, f.n., politeness. — ^ti. 
 
 edbi, v.i., cause to be polite ; war ! 
 iuamada edbi, teach the boys 
 to be polite. 
 
 edibsan, a., polite. 
 
 edibsanaw, v.att., be polite. 
 
 eddo, f.n., paternal aunt. 
 
 'edib, or 'idib, f.n., heel.— ti ; 
 'edbo (plur.). 
 
 'edidi, or 'idJidi, a. and m.n., 
 narrow, strait : kursigu wa igu 
 'edidi, the ciiair is narrow for 
 me; 'edidiga nin ba mari 
 
EDI 
 
 43 
 
 EHO 
 
 kara, a man may pass through 
 that narrow place. 
 
 'edidsan, a., narrow ; mel 'edid- 
 saa, a narrow place. 
 
 'edidi, v.i., make it narrow. 
 
 'edin, «., raw, unripe, not cooked ; 
 midkasi wa edin, that fruit is 
 not ripe. 
 
 'edin, m.n., rawness. — ki; baris 
 'edinah, uncooked rice. 
 
 eg! ega! erya! int., behold! look! 
 
 eg, v.tr., behold, look, see ; ber- 
 rito barisba la keni, wan egi 
 inu wanaksanyahai, to-morrow 
 they will bring rice ; 1 will see 
 if it is good. 
 
 bal eg, v.tr., look at ; bal an ego, 
 markabka la shegayo, let me 
 look at the ship they are speak- 
 in? of ; bal i eg, look at me ; 
 bal na eg, loik at us; an so 
 durko, inan bal egi karo, let 
 me come near, that I may look 
 at it. 
 
 iss ka eg, v.i., take care, be at- 
 tentive. (This word is also 
 used as an interjection, mean- 
 ing : attention ! behold ! hark I 
 hist I lo ! war ! siradka iss ka 
 eg! be attentive, that you may 
 not break the lamp. 
 
 u eg, v.i., look for him (in the 
 place of, instead of) ; i eg, 
 look for me ; ino eg, look foe 
 us ; warhaddas i eg, or i si eg, 
 look at that paper for me. 
 
 i eg, v., look at me ; ad i eg, 
 look well at me. 
 
 igu eg, look at me with; hobadda 
 igu eg, look at me with the 
 
 spy glass. (This verb is also 
 used for reproving a man for 
 his not helping another in a. 
 moment of danger; mahad 
 ninki igu egaisai? why did 
 you look at the man, instead of 
 helping me 1) 
 
 so eg, v.tr., go and look ; war ! i, 
 ino so eg, go and look for me, iis. 
 
 leb eg, V. imp., it suits; hamisku 
 wa i, kn, ina lebegyabai, the 
 shirt suits me, you, us ; i eg 
 bal in darkani i lebegyahai, 
 look if thuse clothes suit me. 
 
 iss leb eg, a., alike, the same,; 
 labada kitab wa iss leb eg- 
 3ribin, the two books are alike. 
 
 iss u eg, v.tr., assimilate, com- 
 pare. 
 
 u ekow, v.tr., resemble ; abbihi, 
 boyadi, bu u egyabai, u eka, 
 U ekadai, he resembles, resem 
 bleii, resembled his father, his 
 mother ; the past form, eka, 
 denotes a rpsemblauce quitu 
 past, and ekadai a lasting state 
 of resemblance which already 
 formerly existed ; wa iss u eg- 
 nabai, we resemble each other. 
 
 u ekaisi, v.tr., assimilatp, make 
 like ; usbatan tan kaleb u e- 
 kaisi, make this stick like the 
 other. 
 
 egmo, f.n., look, glance. 
 
 'eho (with ka), v.i., be partial, fa- 
 vour ; wa naga 'ebanaya, be is 
 partial to us; ninki wa laga 
 'ebadai, the man is under tiie 
 oppression of an unjust sen- 
 tence ; ninki laga 'ebadai Adan 
 
EHA. 
 
 41 
 
 FAD 
 
 bu ka ashtakain oi ashtakon, 
 the man oppressed will appeal 
 to Aden. 
 
 gar 'elio,/.Ji., partial, wrong sen- 
 tence ; gar 'ehaai nagta di- 
 shai, a partial (unjust) sentence 
 killed this woman. 
 
 'ehasho, /.?»., partiality,oppression. 
 
 ei, m.a., dog. — gi. 
 
 eiyad, /.«., bitch. — di. 
 
 'ei, or 'i, v.imp., cry, bark, bray, 
 cackle (is used for the cry of 
 any animal) ; WU 'iyi. 
 
 'eisi (with kaga), v.i., cause to cry, 
 vex. 
 
 'eib, f.n., loss of reputation, 
 blemish incurred through de- 
 famation, defamation. — ti. 
 
 'eibai, v.tr., defame, blemish. 
 
 'el, m.n., well. — ^ki. 
 
 'el gun fog, m.n., abyss; 'elki 
 gunta foga, the abyss. 
 
 'elal jog, or 'elal jogjog, f.n., 
 bustard, dweller at wells (see 
 salalmodleb). 
 
 'eli, v.tr., give back, return (a 
 thing) ; ka — , defend, protect. 
 
 iss ka 'eli, v.tr., return, restore 
 (a stolen thing). 
 
 so 'eli, v.tr., bring back (as an 
 answer to a letter), restore, re- 
 establish, call again ; dinta ku 
 so 'eli, re-establish religion. 
 
 u 'eli, v.tr., bring back to him, 
 answer. 
 
 kala 'eli, v.tr., separate, set apart. 
 
 'esllO, v.tr., take back again ; ka — , 
 do not give (keep for yourself). 
 
 'elmi, or 'ihni, m.n., written book 
 of religion, as Bible, Gospel, 
 
 Coran ; 'elmi bai ahriyahan, 
 
 they are reading the written 
 book ; 'elmigi bai hayan, they 
 have the knowledge of the 
 written book. 
 
 'emri, m.n., course of life, life ; 
 'emrigagu ha rago, may your 
 life be prolonged ; 'emrigisi 
 bu lastai, his life is finished 
 (is said of an old man, and also 
 of a young one whose health is 
 ruined). 
 
 erai, m.n., word. — gi. 
 
 eri, v.tr., defeat, drive away, dis- 
 miss, discharge, pursue ; — ya, 
 wan — yi ; ka eri, drive ; 
 musmar ku eri, drive a nail; 
 ka eri, drive out. 
 
 ergo, f.n., ambassador of peace. 
 
 'eyo, or 'iow, m.n., small owl. 
 
 fad, m.n., cloud. — ^ki; fadka hal- 
 ka ka so bahai, look at that 
 cloud rising up there. 
 
 fad, v.tr., hollow out. 
 
 fadanfad, m.n., mole. — ^ki. 
 
 fadi, v.i., sit, stay, abide, dwpll, 
 inhabit, reside : — ^ya, wan fad 
 yi ; Adan bu fa^ya, he is at 
 Aden (abides, dwells, resides). 
 
 fadi, m.n., abiding. — gi. 
 
 fadisi (see farob), v.tr., congeal 
 milk, curdle ; 'anaha fadisi, 
 curdle the milk ; 'anihi fadi- 
 siyai, T have congealed, curdled 
 the milk. 
 
PAD 
 
 45 
 
 FAR 
 
 fadiso, v.i., sit, sit down, curdle ; 
 fadista, wan fadisan; 'auihi 
 wa fadisanayan, the milk 
 curdles. 
 
 fadi, m.n., large herd of horses. 
 — gi ; fadi ban lehyahai, I have 
 a large herd of horses. 
 
 fah, m.n., consultation, secret 
 word. — M, — ah; fah goniah 
 bannn lehnahai, naga tag, we 
 have a secret word, a consulta- 
 tion, leave us, go away. 
 
 fajas, v.tr., strike (for breaking or 
 splitting), break, split. (This 
 ■word is principallj used in 
 fighting with a sword and for 
 the wound received with a club. 
 
 fajaso, f.n., stab of a sword ; eg ! 
 fajasada igu da'dai, look what 
 a stab I have received. 
 
 fal, v.tr., act, cause, do. 
 
 falnin, m. and f.n., action, deed. 
 — ^ki and — ^ti ; ninkas falnin- 
 tisu wa wada huntahai, the 
 deeds of that man are all bad. 
 
 fal, v.t., enchant, make incantation. 
 
 fal, m.n., incantation, charm, spell. 
 
 wah fal, a. and m.n., incantator, 
 magician, sorcerer ; nin wah 
 fala, a sorcerer; ninki wah fall 
 jirai, the sorcerer; nag wah 
 fasha, a sorceress ; nagti wah 
 faU jirtai, the sorceress ; anigu 
 wah ban fala, I am a magician. 
 
 falag,' ?//..«., plaiting (of mats). — 
 gi ; falko [plur.). 
 
 falki, v.ti ., plait (mats). 
 
 falah, m.n., pride. — hi. 
 
 falah, m.n., a proud (man). — hi. 
 
 (ninj falahah, a., piouJ (man). 
 
 faUad, f.n., arrow. — di. 
 
 fallad kulul, f.n., Ijigh fever ; 
 
 ninkas fallad kulul ba haisa, 
 
 this man has high fever, 
 fallad hun, f.n., very strong, 
 
 violent fever ; ninkasi wa 
 
 faUad hun yahai, that m<ju 
 
 has a violent lev er. 
 falladaha horahda, f.n., sun- 
 beams. 
 fallad, num., one-eighth. 
 falti, f.n., cowdung (when liquid, 
 
 also that of camels when so). — 
 
 di. 
 fan,, m.n., croup, horse's back. — 
 
 — ki. 
 fan, V i., boast. 
 fan, m.n., boasting. — ^ki; fanka 
 
 iss ka da, leave off your l>oastiiig. 
 fanah, m.n., knuckle. — ^hi, — ^yo. 
 fanah, m.n., gap in the tront 
 
 teeth. — hi. 
 fandal, m.n., spoon. — ki. 
 fandal faroleh, m.n., fork {i.e., 
 
 lit. spoon having fingers). 
 fanto, f.n., dung (of horses, cows, 
 
 &c.). 
 fanto, f.n., small pox. 
 fax, f.n., finger, handwriting. — tii 
 fardoho, f.n., middle finger. _ 
 faryar, f.n., small finger. — ti. 
 farogorgor, m.n., slap (with the 
 
 b.iok of the hand). — ^ki. 
 farabadan, a., numerous, 
 far, f.n., valley, dale. — ti; labada 
 
 burod far ba u dahaisa, there 
 
 is a valley (small) between the 
 
 two hills. 
 farahal, m.n., washing of the 
 
 hands. — ki. 
 
FAE 
 
 46 
 
 FEZ 
 
 farahal, v.tr., wash the hands ; i 
 
 farahal, wash my hands for me. 
 farahalo, v.tr., wash your hands ; 
 
 farahasha, wan farahashan. 
 far, 7n.n., dry curd, chefse. — ki. 
 farob, v.i., curdle; faroba, wan 
 
 farobi. 
 farah, or farhad, m.n., delight, 
 
 joy. — M; farahha jannada, 
 
 heavenly delight. 
 farhi, v.i., delight, rejoice. 
 farahahaw, v.att., be joyful. 
 farahau, a. and m.n., joyful, 
 
 pliasing, charming, joyfulness. 
 
 — ki. 
 farahsan, a., agreeable. 
 farah,m.?j., fringe, edge. — hi, — yo. 
 faral, m.n., standing up (during 
 
 the Mussulman prayer). — ki. 
 faram, v.tr., ballast ; fanna, wan 
 
 farmi. 
 fanni, m.n., ballast. — gi. 
 faras, m.n., horse. — ki, fardo 
 
 (plur.). 
 fardo, m.n., general name for 
 
 horse, and also herd of horses. 
 
 —hi. 
 fardoleh, /.«., cavalry. — di. 
 farasjir, m.n., groom, horse-dealer. 
 
 — ki. 
 farid, a. and m.n., clever (boy), 
 
 man (of wisdom), cleverness, 
 
 prudence; ninkasu, wilkasu 
 
 wa farid, this man, this boy 
 
 is clever; ninka faridkaah, 
 
 ninki faridkaaha, the man of 
 
 wisdom. 
 farsamo, /.«., ability, cleverness, 
 
 skilfuliieifsin all kinds of work; 
 
 ninkas farsamadisi wa la yab- 
 
 sanyahai, the skilfulness of 
 that man is wonderful. — badan, 
 very clever ; nimankasi wa 
 farsamo badanyihin, these 
 men are very clever. 
 
 farow, m.n., zebra. — gi. 
 
 farur, /.«., lip (of certain animals 
 whose lips are like those of the 
 hare). — ti, — yo. 
 
 faruran, a., hare-lipped; ninka 
 faruran, ninki farura, tne 
 hare-lipped man. 
 
 fasah., m.n., leave, leisure, per- 
 mission. — hi, — yo. 
 
 fasah, v.i., give leave, allow. 
 
 fasah hado, v.i., get leave ; ba- 
 driga ka fasah hata, get per- 
 mission from the father. 
 
 fatal, m.n., bawd. — ki. 
 
 fatalad, /.«., bawd {fern.). — di. 
 
 fatari, m.n., marblos (to pky 
 with). — gi; fatatir. — ti, also 
 is used. 
 
 fayido, f.n., advantage, gain, pro- 
 fit ; fayido ma an helin, I got 
 no proht. 
 
 fed, v.tr., comb (used with the 
 pron. i, ku, ...). 
 
 fedo, v.r., cumb yourself; fedta, 
 wan fedan; iss u — , comb 
 yourself; adiga ma ku feda? 
 shall I comb you t maya, ha i 
 fedin, no, do not comb me. 
 
 feid, f.n., rib. — di. 
 
 feno and fenfeno, v.fr., gnaw ; 
 fenta, wan fenan ; lafta hado 
 feno, or fenfeno, take "that 
 bone and gnaw it. 
 
 feyig, foyig, or fojig, a., wary, 
 prudent. 
 
FOJ 
 
 47 
 
 FOF 
 
 fojigla, a., carelsss. 
 fojiglaan, f.n., carelessness. — ti. 
 feyigan, /.«., attention, prudence. 
 feyigow, or nin fojiganahaw, v.i., 
 
 beware. 
 fi', m.n. and a., clever boy, man ; 
 inankasi wa fi', that boy is 
 clever; fi'hasa abalki horai 
 helai, that clever boy gained 
 the first prize. 
 fi'an, a., clever, discreet, good, 
 wise, acute, pointed ; nin fi'an, 
 a clever man ; niman fi'fl'an, 
 clever man ; ninki fi'ana, the 
 clever man; nagti fl'anaid, 
 the clever woman ; kasi wa 
 halim fi'an, that is a sharp pen. 
 fi'nan, /.n., skill, cleverness. — ti. 
 fi'anaw, v.att., be clever, good. 
 fidin, m.n., man's comb (either a 
 
 single stick or trident).— ki. 
 fidmer, f.n., bat. — ti. 
 fidnad, or fidmad, m.n., fire-l'rand. 
 nin fidniad wa leh, or nin fidnad 
 badan, fire-brand (in speaking 
 of a man inflaming the passions 
 of others). 
 fill, v.tr., point, make acute, sweep ; 
 
 horiga flh, point that wood: 
 fihan, a.v., pointed, acute, swept; 
 meshi fihnaid, the swept place. 
 fihi, m.n., schoolmaster. — gi (this 
 word is especially used for 
 persons teaching religion). 
 fihsi, or fuhsi, m.n., sip, sup. — gi. 
 fihso, v.t}\, sip, sup, suck up. 
 fikir, m.n., thought. — ki. 
 fil, m.n. and a. (used for very old 
 persons) ; iss ku fil bannu na- 
 hai, we are of the same age. 
 
 filow, v.imp., be sufficient; wai 
 
 ku fllan, it will be sufiicient ; 
 
 ku filantahai, it is sufficient. 
 
 filan (with ku), a.v., .sufficient, 
 
 enough ; igu filan, kugu filan, 
 
 sufficient for me, thee ; ku filan, 
 
 sufficient for him, her, them ; 
 
 nagu filan, sufficient for us; 
 
 idin ku filan, sufficient for you. 
 
 filfil, f.n., pepper. — shi. 
 
 fin, f.n., small bird living on ants 
 
 and insects. — ti. 
 fin, m.n., pimple, stye. — ki. 
 findi'il, m.n., remaining of food 
 
 in the teeth. — ki. 
 flndi'ilo, v.r., pick off the remains 
 
 of food , findi'islia, wan 
 
 findi'ishan. 
 findi'ilasho, f.n., act of picking 
 out the remains of food from 
 the teeth. 
 findi'ilgura or ai, m.n., tooth- 
 pick. 
 finjan, or fujan, m.n., cup, bowl. 
 
 — ^ki. 
 firash, m.n., carpet. — ^ki. 
 firid, m.n., scattering, spreading 
 
 over, propagation. — ^ki. 
 firdi, v.tr., scatter, propagate. — 
 
 ku — , scatter on. 
 firdisan, firdadan, or firdadsan, 
 
 a.v., scattered. 
 fod, f.n., forehead, brow, hole 
 used as a window in the So- 
 mali hut. — di ; ahalka foddisa 
 lab, shut the hole. 
 fof, m.n., noise made by herds of 
 cattle when on the move. — ki. 
 fofi, v.tr., let go, or take the cattle 
 to graze ; holihi ban so fofai. 
 
FOG 
 
 48 
 
 FUR 
 
 I let go, or took the cattle to 
 
 graze. 
 fog, a., distant, far ; mel fog, a 
 
 distant place ; mesM fogaid, 
 
 the far place ; ka — , farther, 
 
 more distant ; ka wada — , the 
 
 farthest. 
 fogai, v.tr., remove, avert ; naga 
 
 fogai, remove, avert from us. 
 fogOW, v.i., be, or go far ; si — , 
 
 go farther. 
 fogan, f.n., distance. — ti. 
 foji, v.tr., remove, separate ; kala 
 
 — , open, disjoin, separate. 
 foh, m.n., incense burnt in a room 
 
 where people are assembled. — hi. 
 fol, m.n., front tooth. — ki. 
 fol marodi, m.n., ivory; folka 
 
 marodiga yan haista, I have 
 
 ivory. 
 foldah, or foldahasho, m. andy^«., 
 
 was-liing of the face. — hi. 
 foldah, v.tr., wash the face ; i 
 
 foldah., wash my face; u foldah, 
 
 wash his face. 
 foldaho, v.r., wash your own face, 
 forar, or foror, m.n., bowing, 
 
 bending, stooping. — ^ki, — yo. 
 forari, or forori, v.tr., bow, re- 
 verse, turn upside down. 
 forarso, or fororso, v.i., stoop. 
 fori, f.n., hiss, whistle. — di. 
 fori, v.i., hiss, whistle ; — ^ya, wan 
 
 —V- 
 
 frausis, m.n.. Frenchman. — ki, 
 frenji, m.n., European (in general). 
 
 — gi- 
 fiid, m.n., broth (of meat, rice ...), 
 soup. — ^ki; fudka 'ab, drink the 
 broth. 
 
 fiid, v.tr., drink (coffee, soup), 
 
 smoke (cigar, pipe). 
 fiid, f.n., a liquid thing (or nearly 
 
 liquid) become or made dry j — 
 
 'araah, clod of earth. 
 fudaid, m.n., lightness, meanness, 
 
 contempt. — ^ki, -^yo; ninkas 
 
 fiidaidkisi wahba i la ma aha, 
 
 that man's contempt is nothing 
 
 to me. 
 fadud, a., light, not heavy, mean, 
 
 contemptible, base. 
 fududai, v.tr., make like, con- 
 temn, despise. 
 fudfudud, a., agile, active, 
 fiidfudaid, m.n., agility, activity. 
 
 — ki. 
 fuduh, or funih, m.n., dislocation. 
 fudnl, f.n., curiosity. — sha. 
 fuduli, m.n., curious man. — gi. 
 fudul badan, or faduliah, a., 
 
 curious. 
 ful, v.i., mount, ride, embark. 
 fuli, V.C., cause to mount, ride, 
 fulan, m.n., riding. — ki. 
 fulanbadan, a.,agood riding man. 
 fiilai, or fiila, a. and m.n., cowaid, 
 
 bashful. — hi, 
 fulanimo, f.n., cowardice. 
 fulul, m.n., dung (of cows, goats, 
 
 sheep, camels). — ^ki. 
 fur, v.tr., attest, open, develop, 
 
 unload, divorce; mahad furta? 
 
 what do you attest ? wahan 
 
 fura, I attest, I certify ; u — , 
 
 attest, certify to ; ku — , attest 
 
 against. 
 furfur, v.tr., unfold, unload. 
 furan, a.v., open, free, divorced 
 
 (only used for women). 
 
PUE 
 
 49 
 
 GAB 
 
 furnin, /.«., opening, divorce. — 
 ti. 
 
 fur, m.n., small lid, cork (of a 
 bottle). — ki. 
 
 furai, v.ir., sHut, close, cork. 
 
 farad, m.n., two skins sewn to- 
 gether and used for carrying 
 children. — ki, — yo; see dereb. 
 
 faruh, m.n., smaU-pox.— hi. 
 
 furuhdan, m.n., pock-mark. — ^ki, 
 
 — yo. 
 
 furhan, Goran. 
 
 furo, v.ir., disarm; furta, wan 
 
 , fuxan. 
 
 fato, f.n., anus. 
 
 G. 
 
 ga, gi, gu, def. art., the {off). 
 
 gan, gas, ga, go, dem. a. prn., 
 this, that ; yon, yonder (of.)- 
 
 gai, ga, gis, ged, gen, and gaya, 
 gin, god, 2^oss. a. prn., my, thy, 
 his, her, our, your, their (aff.). 
 
 ga'al, m.n., relations (parents). — 
 ki; so ga'al na ma lihid? 
 have you not any relations ? 
 
 ga'an, f.n., arm (the whole mem- 
 ber), hand. — ti. 
 
 ga'an, m.n., elephant'strunk. — ki. 
 
 ga'an badan, a., benevolent ; 
 ninkasi wa ga'an badan ya- 
 hai, that man is benevolent. 
 
 ga'anbaded, m.n., arm of the 
 sea. — ki. 
 
 ga'angeli, v.i., interfere.^ 
 
 gab, m.7t., shortness, — ki. 
 
 gab, v.i., be short, delay, be slow. 
 
 gabi, v.tr., abridge, shorten, cause 
 a person to be late. 
 
 gaban, a,, short; ul gaban, a 
 short stick ; ulo gagaban, short 
 sticks. 
 
 gabnin, f.n., shortness. — ti. 
 
 gabis, m.n., abridgment. — ki. 
 
 gabad, f.n., girl, maid, daughter. 
 — di; gabdo ^m\ hablo (plur.); 
 gabaddi walalkai, my niece ; 
 gabaddi walalkis, his niece. 
 
 gabadano, /.ra. and a., cold (se- 
 vere) ; gabadanadi kol here 
 dad badan o Somaliah ku din- 
 tai, the severe cold killed many 
 Somal last year. 
 
 gabai, m.n., poem, song, verse. — 
 gi._ 
 
 gabai, v.i., sing, versify. 
 
 gabaya, m.n.,- poet, singer, min- 
 strel. — gi. 
 
 gabalajif, f.n., last quarter of the 
 moon. — ti. 
 
 gaban, or sa'gabanah, m.n., milch 
 cow. — ki. 
 
 gabati, m.n., first present offered 
 to a father after he has con- 
 sented to give his daughter in 
 marriage. — gi. 
 
 gabbal, m.n., light of the day. — 
 ki ; — so bah, dawn ; gabbal- 
 ki so beh, the dawn ; — da', 
 twilight; gabbalki de', the 
 twilight. 
 
 gabo, v.r., cover yourself with the 
 shield. 
 
 gabasho, f.n., covering with the 
 shield. 
 
 gabariel, m.n. , shield-maker. — ki; 
 .see gashan samais. 
 
GAB 
 
 50 
 
 GAL 
 
 gabow, a. and m.n., ancient, old 
 
 (man, thing). — gi. 
 gabow, v.i., be, become old ; 
 
 gabowba, wan gabowbi. 
 gabowbai, a., old; kitabki ga- 
 
 bowbai i ken, bring me the 
 
 old book. 
 gaboyai, m.n., bow, arrows and 
 
 quiver (as a whole). — gi. 
 gaboyaileb, m.n., bow-shooter. — 
 
 hi. 
 gad, W.Z., arrive, reach; SO — , come 
 
 to him ; i SO gad, come to me. 
 gadsi, v.tr., reach, make reach, 
 
 arrive ; i gadsi, make me reach, 
 gadnin, f.n., reaching. — ti. 
 gad, m..n., beard, — ki. 
 gadleb, a., bearded. 
 gadla, a., beardless. 
 gad ma lehitai or -laliita, a. and 
 
 m,.n., beardless. 
 gad fed, m.n., comb (for the 
 
 beard ; it is the same as sahaf, 
 \ woman's comb). — M.. 
 ■gad madowbai or madowba, a., 
 
 a man in his prime, or a blaek- 
 
 bearded man. 
 gad, v.tr., catch, assail, attack 
 
 unexpectedly (from an ambush). 
 gadnin, f.n., going on softly. 
 gadi, or gari, m.«.,. carriage, cart. 
 
 gadiwaleh, m.n., coachman. — ii. 
 
 faras gadi jidab, m.n., coaoh- 
 horse; faraski gadigi jidi jirai, 
 the coach-horsB. 
 
 gadid, m.n., fbe two camels each 
 Snmal must have to go from 
 one place to another. — ^ki ; wa 
 gadidla yahai or-^adid joa leh, 
 
 he has not even the two camels 
 (i.e. he is a poor man). 
 
 gadodj.OT.M,, curdled milk. — ki. 
 
 gadod, v.i., curdle ; 'anihi wa 
 gadodayan, the milk curdles. 
 
 gadodi, v.tr., curdle ; 'anaba ga- 
 dodi, curdle the milt. 
 
 gafanai, m.n., camel's tick. — hi. 
 
 gafur, m.n., snout, muzzle, nose 
 (for all animals). — ki. 
 
 gagab, m.n., falling of a man 
 knocked down by the blow of 
 a club on his neck. — ki. 
 
 gagabi, v.tr., thump, knock down. 
 
 gajo, f.n., hunger. 
 
 gajahun, f.n., a fit of hunger ; 
 gajadi humaid, the hunger-lit. 
 
 gajo, v.i., be hungry. 
 
 gajaisan, a., hungry. 
 
 gajaisnaw, v.att., become, remain 
 hungry. 
 
 gal, v.i., enter, penetrate ; gela, 
 wan gelin ; so — , come in ; u 
 so — , enter for some purpose ; 
 ahalkisa u so gal, enter into 
 his house for . . . ; so — , sur- 
 render ; no so gal or gala 
 (phir.), surrender to us (you 
 cannot fight any longer). 
 
 ma galo, a. and v. imp., unfit, he 
 is nn&t, he cannot ; anign ma 
 :galo, I am unfit ; ninkasi da- 
 galkas ma galo, that man can- 
 not go to that battle. 
 
 so gal, m.n., entrance. — ki. 
 
 deh gal (with the prn. na), v.i., 
 negotiate, intercede ; ha na deh 
 gasho, let her negotiate ; wan 
 idin deh geli, I will intercede 
 for you. 
 
GAL 
 
 51 
 
 GAL 
 
 biya gal, or biyo galen, m.n., 
 pond, lake, place where there 
 is always water,— ki. 
 
 gal, m.n., sheath, scabbard, case. 
 — ki. 
 
 gashan, m.n., shield. — ki, 
 
 gashamo samais, m.n., shield- 
 maker. — ki. 
 
 gashan had, m.n., a young man 
 able to wear a. shield and to 
 get married. — ki, 
 
 gashan, f.n., a girl able to get 
 married. 
 
 gahno, f.n., coition. 
 
 geli, v.tr., cause to enter, put in 
 (this word is very often used 
 in a bad sense, as abbaha inta 
 geli; igeli; wankugelinaya); 
 so — , admit, let enter. 
 
 so gelis or gelin, m.n., admission. 
 — ki ; wUka so gelis kisu wa 
 ino huma, the admission of 
 that boy was bad for us. 
 
 nabad gal, v.i., be in peace ; — , 
 wan geli ; ma nabad gashai ? 
 were you in peace ? ha nabad 
 galai, yes, I was in peace ; 
 nabad geliyo, go, be in peace. 
 
 gasho, v., clothe (yourself), to get 
 into a coat, trousers. (This 
 word cannot be used for Somali 
 dresses, but only for European 
 ones.) 
 
 gashi, m.n., credit, debt. — gi. 
 
 ninka gashiga kngu leh, m.n., 
 creditor. 
 
 gashiyaisan, a. and m.n., debtor; 
 ninki gashiyaisna, the debtor. 
 
 gal, m.n., infidel.— ki (used for 
 all men not Mussulmans), 
 
 galo, f.n., ptur. of gal. (This 
 word is used by Mussulmans 
 either for the generality of 
 people not having their belief, 
 or for only one country ; as, 
 habashi o dami wa g^lo, all 
 the Abyssinians are infidels.) 
 
 galab, f.n., evening. — ti ; galbo 
 ( plur.). 
 
 galbed, m.n., west. — ki. 
 
 galabso, v.tr., merit. 
 
 galabsi, v.c, cause to merit. 
 
 galabildan, or garabildan, m.n., 
 phosphorescent gleams of the 
 sea at night. — ki. 
 
 galah, m.n., breaking. — hi. 
 
 galahsi, v.c, cause to break. 
 
 galas, m.n., glass. — ki, — yo. 
 
 galgalo, v.i., wallow. 
 
 galgalasho, f.n., wallowing. 
 
 gelgelin,/.M., place trodden by ca- 
 mels or other animals, in which 
 they Avallow andformahole.— ti, 
 
 gelgelin biyaha, f.n., stagnant 
 water (water remaining in low 
 places after rain). 
 
 galsho, /.«., hole made to receive 
 tl^e remaining water, so that for 
 some days more they may have 
 clear water when the balli or 
 gelgelin biyaha is finished (see- 
 kalshin). 
 
 ga'anta biyo badan ba i galai, 
 this sentence means blister on 
 the hand. 
 
 gali, m.n., kitchen. — gi. 
 
 galib, or dameira galib, m.n., 
 gad-fly, horse-fly. — ki, 
 
 galof, a. and f.n., barren (for all 
 females). — ti, 
 
 e2 
 
GAti 
 
 galol, W.W., fibrous tree producing 
 red dye and very hard wood. — 
 ki. 
 
 gallow, m.n., bustard (small one). 
 
 — gi. -yo- 
 
 gama', v.i., sleep ; a, wan gam'i. 
 
 gama', m.n., sleep.— hi ; war ! 
 gama'hi bu i dilai, sleep has 
 killed (discouraged) him. 
 
 gama'san, a.v., sleeping, sleepy; 
 nin gama'san ban so maxai, I 
 passed by a sleeping man. 
 
 gami' wah, a., sleepless, wakeful, 
 in want of sleep ; ninkasi 
 garni' wah, he is a sleepless 
 man ; ninka buka garni' wah- 
 yai, the sick man cannot sleep ; 
 nia buka ma gam'o, a sick 
 man cannot .sleep. 
 
 gambad, m.n., three-legged stool. 
 -ki. 
 
 gambo, /.«., coiffure of Somali 
 women (a black linen). 
 
 gambo, f.n., anna (silver money). 
 
 gamello, f.n., hair of the tail and 
 mane (of horses, camels, ...). 
 
 gan, v.tr., aim at (used when 
 hunting with bow and arrows) . 
 
 ganad, m.n., man aiming at. — 
 ki, 
 
 ganasho, f.n., aiming. 
 
 gan, a. and m.n., old, aged, being 
 in age ; ninkasi gan bu joga, 
 that man is old ; ninkas gan- 
 kisi wa inta, the age of that 
 man is such. — ki. 
 
 gana', f.n., cost, price, value. — 
 di ; faraskas gana'disu wa 
 konton rubiadod, the price of 
 that horse is 50 rupees. 
 
 62 GAR 
 
 gana' adag, a., dear, valuable ; 
 hilibki an so ibiyai wa gana' 
 adka, the meat I bought is dear. 
 
 gana' jebi, v.tr., cheapen. 
 
 gana' jaban, a., cheap. 
 
 gana' jabnan, f.n., abatement, 
 lowering of the price. — ti. 
 
 gandafil, f.n., callousness.— shi. 
 
 gandafilow, v.i., be callous ; gan- 
 dafilpba, wan gandafilobi. 
 
 gando, f.n., bell ; gandadi kani- 
 sada, the bell of the church. 
 
 gango,/.?i., snuffling, nasal twang. 
 
 gangaleh, m.n., man having a 
 nasal twang, snuffler. — hi. 
 
 gar, f.n., justice, sentence, claim, 
 plaint, suit. — ^ti. 
 
 gar daro, f.n., injustice ; gar 
 daradasi 'adabta yai ku ka- 
 hain or bai ku gein, that in- 
 justice will lead you to hell; 
 war ! gar darada iss ka da, 
 desist from that injustice. 
 
 gar daran, a., unjust. 
 
 (nin) gar leh, a., (a man) having 
 gained a suit ; ninki garta 
 laha, the man who gained the 
 suit. 
 
 (nin) gar la, a., (a man) who lost 
 the su.it ; ninki garta laa, the 
 man who lost the suit. 
 
 gar eho, f.n., wrong or partial 
 sentence. 
 
 gar goi, v.tr., judge, give judg- 
 ment. 
 
 gar mari, v.i., give the thing he 
 claimed. (This word can only 
 be used after the sentence.) 
 
 gar si, v.i., give to him ... (said 
 by someone to the man con- 
 
GAR 
 
 63 
 
 GAE 
 
 demned in order to press him 
 to give the thing claimed); 
 gar i si, give the goods I claim. 
 gar shego, v.i., complain ; wa 
 nin gar sheganaya, it is a man 
 complaining. 
 gar u shego, v.i., complain against; 
 gar ban U shegan, I will com- 
 plain against; nin ban gar u 
 sheganaya, I am a man com- 
 plaining against. . (The interro- 
 gation of the judge will be, 
 mahad shegatai? what do you 
 say, complain of ? So for a 
 suit only.) 
 garai, v.tr., prove ; garai deh, 
 prove it then; la garai, it is 
 proved. 
 ku garai, v.i., prove against (re- 
 fute the accusation) ; wa ku 
 gar, it is proved against. 
 garan, v.i., make a complaint 
 to the governor ; garama, wan 
 garami ; i garan; make the 
 complaint for me ; la garan, 
 make known the complaint to ; 
 serkalki i la garan, lay the 
 matter before the governor for 
 me. 
 garansi, v.c, cause the litigants 
 to give or pay what they have 
 been sentenced to pay. 
 garo, v.i., comprehend, know, 
 understand, guess ; mahad 
 ga'antaida ku hayo 'ar garo, 
 guess, look what I have in my 
 hand ; mahad ku garanaisa ? 
 how do you know ? kala — , 
 v.tr., distinguish. 
 garasho, f.n., understanding. 
 
 (wah) an la garan, a., unintelli- 
 gible ; eraigas wa erai an la 
 garan or an la karin, that 
 word is unintelligible ; ma ga- 
 ranaisa ? do you understand ? 
 ma garatai ? did you under- 
 stand ? garan mayo, or ma ga- 
 ran, I do not understand. 
 
 garad, m.n., good sense, wisdom, 
 age of discretion. — ki. 
 
 garadleh, a., sensible. 
 
 garadyelo, v.i., have good sense, 
 attain discretion^ years of dis- 
 cretion. 
 
 garad, m.n., chief, king. — ki, — 
 yo ; ninkasi wa garad, that 
 man is a chief, a king. 
 
 gar, m.n., knot by means of 
 which Somali women tie their 
 garments on the right shoulder, 
 ropes with which the small 
 boughs of the Somali huts are 
 tied together. — ki. 
 
 garai (with the prn. i, ku, u), 
 make the knot. 
 
 garaiso, v.i., make the knot ; 
 na ! garaiso, Oh ! woman, girl ! 
 make your knot. 
 
 garab, m.ra., shoulder. — ^ki; garbo 
 (plur.) ; laf — , shoulder-blade; 
 iss — , sboulder to shoulder, by 
 the side. 
 
 garba galai or gala, m.n., coat, 
 shirt. — hi ; garba galayashini 
 gashada or hata, take your 
 shirts. 
 garbo, m.n., part before the camel's 
 hump, cataract(waterfall), range 
 of mountains ; burta garboho- 
 da, the range of mountains. 
 
GAR 
 
 54 
 
 GEE 
 
 gara dubleh, m.n., small grey 
 
 squirrel living in holes tinder 
 
 ground. — hi. 
 gara', m.n., illegitimate, bastard. 
 
 —hi, — yo. 
 gara', v.tr., beat repeatedly, 
 garanug, f.n., Gazella walleri. — 
 
 ti. 
 gargar, v.tr., help ; war ! ninka 
 
 gargar. Oh! help the man; 
 
 rag wa ki iss gargara, men, 
 
 help each other. 
 gargor, m.n., stubble or thatch 
 
 used for making a kind of 
 
 thick mats or carpets with 
 
 which Somali huts are covered. 
 
 — ki, — yo. 
 garir, m.n., shivering, ague. — ki. 
 garir, v.i., shiver, tremble. 
 kaga garirsi or gariri, v.c, cause 
 
 him to shiver, tremble. 
 gashan, see gal. 
 gasirad, /.w., island. — di. 
 gatannr, v.tr., sow slowly. 
 gaulalo, f.n., tree the bark of 
 
 which produces red dye. 
 gebni, m.n., gad-fly, horse-fly; 
 
 see galib. 
 ged, m.n., tree, thing. — ki. 
 ged'ad, f.n., bush with a white 
 
 flannel-like leaf. — di. 
 gedo, m.n., pasture, grass, any 
 
 kind of food for animals. — hi. 
 ged'anod, m.n., small-pox.^— ki. 
 geda goiyai, m.n., astrologer, 
 
 dealing with the devil. — hi. 
 geda goiyo, f.n., astrology, the 
 
 spell itself. 
 ged hajin, m.n., nettle. — ki. 
 ged ma'an, a. and m.n., sweet. 
 
 good ; sweet thing (as fruits, 
 sugar, or liquors of which 
 they do not know the name). 
 — ki. 
 
 geddo, _/!«., horse's brisket. 
 
 gedi, m.n., camel's journey (of 
 one day). — -gi. 
 
 gegi, gagi, or gego, f.n., level 
 ground. — di. 
 
 gei, v.tr., take to, lead ; i gei, 
 take me to or take for me to 
 such a place ; U — , v.tr., take 
 or bring to him, her, them ; 
 wan u, ku gein, I will bring 
 to him, to thee ; wad i, no 
 keni, thou wilt bring to me, to 
 us ; (gei is used to express a 
 tendency from me to ..., and 
 ken for a tendency from a place 
 to me ;) iss u — , v.tr., add, , 
 join, assemble ; war — , v.tr., 
 proclaim, publish, bring news. 
 
 gel, m. and f.n., camel (geli, 
 plur. ; gelal, plur., is rarely 
 used); war! gelal ma yima- 
 den? have the camels come? 
 ha, gelasheni yimadai, yes, 
 our, camels have come. 
 
 gelka'abadis, f.n., kind of lizard. 
 — ti. 
 
 gelin, m.n., time, division of the 
 day. — ki ; — dambe, after- 
 noon ; — here, forenoon ; — 
 dehe, midnight. 
 
 gembissa, f.n., house made of 
 wood and mud or cow-dung. — 
 di. 
 
 gemo, m.n., horse's mane. — hi. 
 
 geniyo, f.n., mare. 
 
 gerar, m.n., poem which is sung 
 
GEE 
 
 55 
 
 GOB 
 
 on horseback. — ki, — yo (other 
 songs may also be so called). 
 
 geri, f.n., death (for men only). 
 — di. 
 
 gerri, m.n., giraffe. 
 
 ges, f.n., direction, side. — ti. 
 
 gesta, prp., beside. 
 
 ges, m.n., horn, antler. — ki; — 
 as or geso {plur.}. 
 
 gesi, a. and m.n., brave, bold, 
 courageous, warrior, soldier. — 
 gi; nin gesiah., a courageous 
 man ; nuikasi wa gesi, that 
 man is a soldier. 
 
 gesinimo, f.n., boldness, courage. 
 
 gibin or gaban, m.n., age. — ki 
 (this word is also used for 
 children and small boys, and 
 for small divisions of time) ; wil 
 gibinah or gabauah, a small 
 boy ; ia gibinah or gabanah 
 halka jog, wait a little while 
 here. 
 
 gidi, num., all, whole (inflected 
 with the poss. prn.). 
 
 girgir, or jirjir, m.n., rim, edge, 
 brim. — ki, — yo ; 'elka gir- 
 girkisa ha dowan, do not go 
 near the edge of the well. 
 
 giringir, f.n., wheel, hoop. — ti. 
 
 go, v.i., be cut, die ; go, he is 
 dead. 
 
 goai, a. and m.n., dead ; nin 
 goai, a dead man ; nag godai, 
 a dead woman; dadki dinta, 
 the dead men; (a man exhausted 
 by work will say : wa goai, I 
 am dead). 
 go, v.tr., cut (generally used for 
 goi) ; iss — , cut yourself. 
 
 go, m.n., half part (of a fruit), 
 
 loin-cloth. — hi. 
 gogo, v.tr., cut into many parts, 
 pieces ; basashi i gogo, cut the 
 onion ; kala — has the same 
 meaning as gogo. 
 gogoso, v.tr., cut into parts for 
 you ; gogosta, wan gogosan ; 
 kala gosta, v.tr., partake with. 
 kala goi, or kala go, v.tr., cut 
 into parts (meat, paper ... ), 
 violate, open a girl before 
 her marriage, deflower ; la- 
 bada melod u kala goi, cut 
 into two parts ; ha kala goin, 
 do not violate, open . . . 
 gob, m.n., respectable man.^ki. 
 (This name is generally given 
 to all Somals except to the 
 Tumals, Midgans, and Yibirs, 
 who are called sab). 
 gob, m.n., very large gnarled 
 tree growing in river-beds to 
 height of 50 to 70 feet, leafy, 
 small thorns, and stringy bark. 
 — ki. 
 gobiyahan, m.n., a small red bird 
 with white spots on the wings, 
 a crest on the head, a kind of 
 parrot. — ki. 
 gobo, f.n., circle. 
 gobai, v.tr., make a circle. 
 gobabi, v.tr., make a circle, a 
 round, mark the place for a 
 hut. 
 g^babin, f.n., circle, round made 
 to mark the place for a tent 
 and also its size. — ti; horahdu 
 wa gobabin, the sun is round 
 (a circle). 
 
GOL 
 
 56 
 
 GOE 
 
 golaban, a., circular, round, 
 gobais, m.n., wooden tube used 
 
 for puffing at the fire, kind of 
 
 clarionet, fife. — ki, — yo. 
 god, m.n., hole (in the earth), 
 
 pit, den, cavern, burrow. — ki. 
 sogod, v.tr., bend ; hanso sogod, 
 
 bend a bow. 
 godgod, m.n., undulation of the 
 
 land. — ki, — yo. 
 godi, m.n., border. — gfi. 
 godir, m.n., male koodoo antelope 
 
 {Strepsiceros kudu). — ki, 
 gof, m.n., dry well, dry bed of a 
 
 river, orbit of the eye. — ki. 
 gog, m.n., large jar made of 
 
 camel's skin for ghee. — M. 
 gogol, f.n., bed (complete), bed or 
 
 mat and blanket. — sH. 
 gogol, v.tr., prepare the bed; 
 
 gogla, wan gogli. 
 gol, f.n., lioness. — shi. 
 gel, f.n., slope, declivity. — shi. 
 gol, m.n., castrated camel. — ki. 
 gola, m.n., stable for horses. 
 
 -hi. 
 golab, v.tr., sift. 
 golab, m.n., sieve. — ^ki, — yo. 
 golli, or dawa dulmadow, /. and 
 
 m.n., jackal (with a black 
 
 back). — di, — ki. 
 goUi warabais, golla waraba, 
 
 kind of fox. 
 golmud, m.n., whey. — ki. 
 gomod, f.n., camel's hoof. — di. 
 gomod, m.n., chafe. — ^ki. 
 gomod, v.i., chafe, be galled by 
 
 riding. 
 gomodi, v.tr., chafe, warm by 
 
 rubbing. 
 
 gOni, a. and f.n., single, alone, 
 solitary. 
 
 goniab. (mel), f.n., solitude, soli- 
 tary place ; meshi gonidahaa- 
 haid, the solitude ; mel goniah 
 ban tegi, I will go into soli- 
 tude (solitary place). 
 
 gor, f.n., time. — ^ti ; gor, gorah 
 kalai or gor wanaksan kalai, 
 come in due time. 
 
 gorta, cnj., when. 
 
 gortas, ad., then (that time), 
 
 halkiyo gorti, ad., since; hal- 
 kiyo gorti iss ugu ken dam- 
 baisai, or an ku arkai, amrti 
 dami iga wada damatai, 
 since we met last time, or the 
 last time I saw you, I have 
 lost all my children. 
 
 gor badan, or daur gor, ad., 
 . often. 
 
 gor dow, ad., soon; gor dow 
 kalai, come soon. 
 
 gor walba, or gor iyo galab, ad., 
 always, every time. 
 
 tan iyo gortan, or had iyo intan, 
 ad., till ; jog tan iyo gortan, 
 or bad iyo intan imauayo, 
 wait till I come. 
 
 laba, sadeh ... gor, ad., twice, 
 thrice. 
 
 gorma? ad., when? 
 
 gorna and gorra, ad., at no 
 time. 
 
 gora ■ mohor, m.n., very large 
 gnarled thorn tree, stringy 
 bark, dark brown flat top. 
 
 gora yar, m.n., small thorn tree, 
 stringy bark, and long white 
 thorns. 
 
GOE 
 
 57 
 
 GUL 
 
 gorai, m.n., male ostrich (see 
 halda). — gi; gorayo (p/wr.). 
 
 gorayo, /.«., ostrich (general 
 name). 
 
 gorgor, m.n., large Hack vulture 
 (species of). — ki. 
 
 gorof, m.n., skin pail used in 
 digging wells, lid having the 
 same form and use as a hadub. 
 — ki, — yo. 
 
 gorof leged, m.n., callousness of 
 the camel's hind legs. 
 
 goror, m.n., bleeding of the nose. 
 — ki. 
 
 goror, v.i., bleed from the nose. 
 
 gossorad, f.n., bag of dates. — di. 
 
 gowra', v.tr., behead, slaughter. 
 
 gowra', m.n., beheadings slaugh- 
 ter. 
 
 gows, m.n., molar tooth. — ki. 
 
 gu, m.n., year, age, winter, rain 
 during winter. — gi. 
 
 gub, v.tr., burn, brand, scorch. 
 
 gubo, v.i., burn, be consumed, 
 jealous; muhu u gubanaya? 
 what is he burning for 1 or why- 
 is he so angry or jealous 1 
 
 gttban, a.v., burnt. 
 
 giid, ad. and m.n., above, over ; 
 gudka tag, go up, over. 
 
 gUdaha, prp., in, within. 
 
 gudiM, m.n., the inside, interior ; 
 ahalka gfldihisi ban ku jira, 
 I am inside the house. 
 
 gud, m.n., horse's mane. — ki. 
 
 gud, v.i., travel during night, at 
 night. 
 
 gudhur, a. and m.n., dark, dark- 
 ness (when the moon is not 
 shining). — ki. 
 
 gud, v.tr., circumcise. 
 
 gudan, a.v., circumcised; nin 
 gudan, a circumcised man ; 
 gabad gudan, a girl circum- 
 cised (sewn). 
 
 gudnin, f.n., circumcision. — ti. 
 
 gudi, f.n., speaker in a secret 
 meeting, vice-chief, taking the 
 place of the chief when he is 
 absent. — di. 
 
 gud, v.i., be weaned; arurtasi 
 gudai, that child was weaned ; 
 afarrta nagod nasM ka gud, 
 these four women have their 
 breasts dried up. 
 
 gudi, with ka, v.tr., wean, sever; 
 (a mother will say) wan iss 
 ka gpidin, I will wean, sever 
 from me ; la — , be weaned, 
 severed. 
 
 gudimo, or gudumo, f.n., axe 
 (crooked one). 
 
 gudubsi, v.i., look for a ford. 
 
 gudubsino, f.n., ford. 
 
 gudnd, a., crimson, scarlet, red. 
 
 gududouni or a, m.n., lynx. — gi. 
 
 guh, v.i., buzz, whisper, growl. 
 
 gugubod, m.n., medicinal tree. — • 
 ki, — yo. 
 
 gugnlah, m.n., cuckoo. — hi. 
 
 gula, f.n., curiosity. — di. 
 
 gulawa, m.n., a curious man. — 
 H. 
 
 gulai, f.n., hoopoe. — di (common 
 one). 
 
 g^ulf, m.n., army. — ki, • — yo. 
 
 guluf, v.tr., attack; gulf a, wan 
 gulfi (gulfa is generally used, 
 for the singular ku guluf is 
 used) ; ka — , get up and run 
 
GtJM 
 
 58 
 
 gu'tt 
 
 away ; iss ka — , defend your- 
 self. 
 
 gumar, m.n., abdomen. — ki. • 
 
 gumbur, f.n., rock, rising ground, 
 mound. — ti. 
 
 gumburi, m.n., wild ass. — gi. 
 
 gun (or gUn for the fern.), a., 
 advanced in age, old ; gun bad 
 tahai, you are old. 
 
 gumais, f.n., man or woman ad- 
 vanced in age, contemptible 
 person. — ti. 
 
 gumais, f.n., kind of cuckoo. 
 
 gun, f.n., bottom, root (of a tree), 
 abyss. — ti. 
 
 'el gun fog, f.n., abyss; 'elki 
 gunla foga or dera, the abyss. 
 
 gun ma leh, a., bottomless. 
 
 gunud, v.i., knot (make a knot) ; 
 gunta, wan gunti. 
 
 guntin, f.n., knot, bundle.— ti. 
 
 gunti, m.n., knot made for tying 
 the loin-cloth. 
 
 gunti (with the pm.), gird with 
 the loin-cloth ; wan u guntin, 
 I will gird him with the loin- 
 cloth; sunka guntiga igu hegi, 
 fasten my loin-cloth with the 
 belt. 
 
 gunus, m.n., murmur, grumbling. 
 — ki, — yo. 
 
 gunus, v.i., murmur, grumble. 
 
 giir, v.i., depart, migrate, trans- 
 port (with a caravan). 
 giirnin, m.n., departure. 
 gurguro, v.i., walk on hands and 
 
 feet, on all fours; gurgurta. 
 gurgurasho, f.n., the walking on 
 
 hands and feet. 
 gur, v.tr., pick up, take away; 
 
 i gur, pick up, take away for 
 me ; so gur, v.tr., bring here 
 (towards me) ; kala — , select. 
 
 guro and gurguro, v.r., pick up 
 for yourself; gurata, wan 
 guran; so — , v.tr., go and pick 
 up. 
 
 mido la iss u gurai, a gathering 
 of fruits. 
 
 giir, m.n., marriage, matrimony. 
 — ki. 
 
 u guri, v.tr., give in marriage. 
 
 iss u guri, v.tr., marry (them), it 
 is said so to the khadi. 
 
 gurso, v.i., marry ; gursada, wan 
 gursan ; wa nag la gnrsadai, 
 or wa nag nin leh, she is a 
 married woman; nagti ninka 
 lahaid, the married women ; 
 ninki nagta laha, the married 
 man. 
 
 gura', m.n., wrongness. — hi. 
 
 gura'an, a., wrong. 
 
 gurai, a. and m.n., left-handed. 
 
 gurgur, m.n., room made in a 
 Somali hut {see hoUad). — ^ki. 
 
 gurgur, m.n., general name for 
 all Somali vessels. — ki; ahalka 
 gurgurkisa had or gur, take 
 all the vessels of the house. 
 
 gurhan, m.n., clamour, shout. — 
 ki. 
 
 guri, m.n., hut, house, large en- 
 closure in which huts are built. 
 
 — ffi- 
 gus, m.n., membrum virile. — ki. 
 guto, f.n., assembly (of men), 
 
 army. 
 gu'unso, f.n., ball, any round 
 
 body; 
 
HA 
 
 59 
 
 HAB 
 
 H, H. 
 
 ha, hi, hu, art.m., the (aff.). 
 ha, han, has, ho, dem.pro., this, 
 
 that, yon, yonder (of'.). 
 hai, haiga, poss.a.pr., my, mine. 
 
 ha, haga, poss.a.pr., thy, thine 
 
 hi, his, hisa, poss.a.pr., his (aff.). 
 
 hei, poss.a.pr., her, hers (aff.). 
 
 haya, hayaga, ) poss.a.pr., our, 
 
 hen, hena, j ours. 
 
 hin, hina, poss.a.pr., your, yours. 
 
 hod, hoda, poss.a.pr., their, theirs. 
 
 ha, acf.j yes. 
 
 ha, part., meaning "that"; eonj. 
 used in the Imperative mood 
 3rd pers. m. and f. sing, and 
 plur., and in the 2nd pers. sing. 
 and plur. negative form. 
 
 ha ! int., sigh when feeling pain. 
 
 hab, v.tr., find your food in the 
 bazaar, streets, anywhere. 
 (Most Somals say so to their 
 small hoys ; when they are 
 about 6 or 6 years old, they 
 leave them either in Aden, 
 Berberah, or in any other town 
 on the sea-coast and go to their 
 own affairs in the jungle, and 
 their sons grow up thieves and 
 beggars.) 'orod suhha hab, go 
 
 . in the bazaar and find your food. 
 hab, m.n., the finding of food 
 
 somewhere. — ki. 
 habab, ni.n., loss of a person (in 
 the way)j missing the way. — 
 ki. 
 
 habab, v.i., be lost, go astray; 
 
 ilmiJii habab, the child is lost. 
 hababi, v.tr., lose (in the way), 
 
 cause to go astray, bewilder, 
 hababsan, a.v., lost, gone astray, 
 
 bewildered ; wilki hababsana, 
 
 the lost boy. 
 habad, /.«., syphilis. — di. 
 habag, f.n., gum, glue. — ti ; 
 
 habko (plur.). 
 habaghadi, m.n., false myrrh 
 
 tree. — gi. 
 habal, m.n., conception. — ki. 
 habal, f.n., grave, tomb. — shi; 
 
 uin walba habal ba haisata, 
 
 there is a grave for every man. 
 habalo, m.n., cemetery. — hi. 
 habal furai, m.n., striped hyaena. 
 
 — hi. 
 habar, v.tr., curse. 
 habaran, or habar haba, a.v., 
 
 cursed. 
 habar, f.n., old woman. — ti ; 
 
 habro (plur.). 
 habaryar, f.n., maternal aunt. 
 
 — ti. 
 habas, m.n., dust. — ki. 
 habeib, f.n., aphony, loss of voice. 
 
 ■ — ti. 
 
 habein, m.n., night. — ki ; habein 
 
 bad, midnight. 
 habeinimo, or hurda habeinimo, 
 
 f.n., night watch. 
 habeiio,/.M., short sight, privation 
 
 of sight at night. 
 habeno haba, a.v., short sighted; 
 
 ninkasi habena haba, that man 
 
 is short sighted. 
 habhab, m.n., water-melon. — ki, 
 
 ■ — yo. 
 
HAB 
 
 60 
 
 HAD 
 
 haMo, f.n.plur., young girls. 
 
 habo, f.n., combustible, fuel, fire- 
 wood. 
 
 habsi, or habis, m.n., prison, jail. 
 — gi, — ki. 
 
 had, f.n., time. — di. 
 
 baddaba, ad., consequently, now, 
 therefore; haddaba iga tag, 
 therefore leave us. 
 
 haddeh, eonj., because. 
 
 badder, or baddada, or badda- 
 datan, ad., just now, imme- 
 diately. 
 
 hadma ? ad., when 1 
 
 baddai, ad.,-ao-w; baddai i da'dai, 
 now I understand. 
 
 badow, ad., after, after a time. 
 
 badowto, ad., after, afterwards. 
 
 badba, ind.pr., such a one. 
 
 bad, m.n., midday, noon. — ki. 
 
 badimo, f.n., meal (ordinarily 
 taken before noon). 
 
 bad, m.n., shade, shadow. — ki. 
 
 badai, v.tr., shade. 
 
 hadaisan, a.v., shady. 
 
 bad, v.i., remain, stand, stop. 
 
 hadnin, or badis, f.n., act of re- 
 maining. — ti. 
 
 bad, m.n., remainder, balance. — 
 ki ; badki badai, the re- 
 mainder ; la'agti so badai ma 
 dama, the balance of the 
 money is not right ; wabba 
 ma badin, nothing remains. 
 
 had, v.tr., steal. 
 
 hadnin, m.n., theft, stealing. — ki, 
 
 had, v.tr., sweep. 
 
 dul had, m.n., sweeper. — ki, 
 
 had, f.n., fowl, poultry, birds 
 (gen. name). — di. 
 
 had, m.n., bird, fowl.^-ki. _ 
 
 hadkaadag, f.n., hawk. — ti. 
 
 had, f.n., down (of birds) . — di, 
 
 had, v.i., fly, expire ; ka — , fly 
 from, expire (used for agony) ; 
 ka hadai, he h&,s expired; 
 ninki wa ka si badaisa, the 
 man is expiring. 
 
 kaga badi, v.i., cause to fly, to 
 expire. 
 
 had, m.n., coward {see fulai). — 
 ki. 
 
 badai, m.n., speech, talk, dis- 
 course, deposition, dialogue, 
 discussion. — ki. 
 
 hal, m.n., word. — hi, — al (con- 
 traction of badai) ; sadeh, 
 afarr hal ban lehyahai, I have 
 to tell you three or four words. 
 
 hadal, v.i., speak, talk ; hadla, 
 wan hadli; la — , answer, 
 communicate. 
 
 hadal harson, m.n., secret; ha- 
 dalki harsona, the secret. 
 
 hadato, f.n., tickling. 
 
 hadatai, v.tr., tickle. 
 
 hadei,«.ifr.,bless (used of the bless- 
 ing of God only) ; Ilahhow i, 
 na hadei, God bless me, us ; 
 Ilahhi wa ku hadein; God 
 will bless you ; Ilahhi ku 
 hadeiyai, God has blessed you. 
 
 badi, conj., if, whether, although, 
 either. 
 
 hadi ... iyo hadikaleh, conj., 
 whether or not ; hadi magaladu 
 'absilehdahai iyo ha£kaleh 
 ba anigu wa tegi, whether the 
 country be dangerous or not, 
 I will go. 
 
HAD 
 
 61 
 
 HAG 
 
 hadikaleh, conj., otherwise ; 
 aruxtaidi yai, wanaksanada, 
 hadikaleh se, jedalkau idin 
 la di'i, my children, be good, 
 otherwise I will beat you with 
 the stick. 
 
 hadiad, /.«., gift, present. — di. 
 
 hadig, m.n., rope, string, cable, 
 means also artifice, cheating, 
 fraud, relation. — gi ; hadko 
 Xplur.); hadig haimu iss ku 
 lehnahai, we are relations ; — 
 holad, ropes niadei of sinews ; 
 — badan, artful, cheating ; 
 niaki hadigga badna, the 
 artful man. 
 
 hadil, v.tr., copy. 
 
 hadilad, f.n., copy. — di. 
 
 hadis, m.n., reading or exposition 
 of the Goran, homily. — ^ki. 
 
 hadub, m.n., lid covering the jar 
 called dil, and which is used 
 ■ to milk sheep and goats ; when 
 used for milking she-camels 
 and cows, it is called hadub 
 gal. 
 
 hadud, or harnd, m.n., jowari. — 
 ki. 
 
 hafad, f.n., place assigned in a 
 town to each tribe, district, 
 quarter. — di ; haffada safarka, 
 the place (ward) of the cara- 
 vans. 
 
 hafar, v.tr., calumniate; ha&a, 
 wan hafri. 
 
 hafar, m.n., calumny. — ki. 
 
 hafi, v.tr., drown; iss — , drown 
 yourself. 
 
 hofo, v.i., be drowned. 
 
 hafln, or hafis, f.n., drowning. — 
 
 ti ; ninka hafintisi, the drown- 
 ing of the man. 
 
 hafis, m.n., office (as custom- 
 house ...). — ki, — yo, 
 
 dabalhafis, m.n., post-office. 
 
 hag, m.n., place. — gi, 
 
 haggan, ad., here. 
 
 hagga, haggas, ad., there. 
 
 hagge ? ad., where % whence ? ■ 
 
 haggi, prp., tp. 
 
 haga, m.n., hot season. — gi, — 
 
 yo. 
 
 hagaf, m.n., gardener. — ^ki, — yo. 
 
 hagaf, v.i., garden (to). 
 
 hagag, or hagag u so', v.i., be 
 uprightj simple, go straight ; 
 halka ku hagag, go straight 
 there. 
 
 hagag, m.n., uprightness, face, 
 visage. 
 
 hagagsan, a.v., upright, just, 
 proper, convenient. 
 
 hagagsanaw, v.attr., be upright, 
 just. 
 
 hagaji, v.i., make right, well, 
 arrange, settle ; hisabta ha- 
 gaji, settle the accounts ; kala 
 — , arrange all well ; wah 
 walba i kala hagaji, put 
 everything in order for me. 
 
 hagajiso, v.i,, arrange yourself. 
 
 hagajis, m.n., arrangement. — ki. 
 
 hagal, f.n., pit or back of the 
 knee, the arm. — shi. 
 
 hagag, f.n., stammering. — ti. 
 
 hagagleh (nin), stammering (man) 
 
 hago, v.tr., scrape, scratch; iss 
 — , scratch yourself. 
 
 haghago, v.tr., scratch in fight- 
 ing; iss haghagta, scratch 
 
HA a 
 
 62 
 
 HAL 
 
 yourselves. (This verb with 
 
 iss is used for women when 
 
 lighting.) 
 hagog, f.n., covering of the head 
 
 and face with the large linen 
 
 sheet used as a dress by Somalis, 
 
 linen serving for covering. — ti. 
 u hagog, or u hagoji, v.tr., cover 
 
 the face. 
 hagogo, v.i., cover your head and 
 
 face. 
 hah, a., just ; Ebbahai wa hah, 
 
 God is just. 
 hahai, m.n., salary^ what is due 
 
 to me ; hahaiga i si, give me 
 
 my salary. 
 hahlei, m.n., disease of lambs (a 
 
 kind of suffocation). — hi. 
 hahleh, m.n., see dau'n. 
 hahuh, m.n., polish (of a stone). 
 
 —hi. 
 hakamad, f.n., court-house. 
 
 — di ; see mahakamad. 
 hakmai or ma, m.n., bridle, rein, 
 
 bit (for horses). — hi. 
 hakim, m.n., doctor. — ki. 
 hakin, m.n., governorj chief or 
 
 manager of any government 
 
 office, judge, a good and truthful 
 
 man.- — ki. 
 hako, f.n., large spawl (as in the 
 
 case of a catarrh), glaire. 
 hai, m.n., white horse. — gi. 
 hai, v.tr., have, keep, possess. 
 haiso, v.tr., have, keep for your- 
 self. 
 haisi, m.n., act of keeping. — gi. 
 hais, f.n., container, receptacle. — 
 
 ti. 
 halbai, or ha'iba, m.n., tree of 
 
 which rosary beads are made. . 
 
 —hi. 
 haid, f.n., tallow (grease obtained 
 
 from the fat around the kidneys 
 
 and intestines). — di; isha hai'd- 
 
 deda, the cornea of the eye ; 
 
 indaha haiddoda, the cornea 
 
 of the eyes. 
 haid alolo, f.n., epiploon (large 
 
 one). — di. 
 haid mindi'iro, f.n., epiploon 
 
 (small one). 
 hail, m.n., menses. — ki. 
 hail, m.n., kind of spices. — ki. 
 haimboro, f.n., wooden bracelet 
 
 or bangle. 
 haj, m.n., pilgrimage. — ki. 
 haji, m.n., pilgrim. — gi. 
 haji, v.i., make a pilgrimage ; 
 
 hajiya, wan hajiyi. 
 hajin, f.n., nettle-rash, itch, 
 
 prickly heats. — ^ti. 
 hajo, v.i., prove your right; ha- 
 
 joda, wan hajon ; ila hajo, 
 
 prove against me. 
 hai, root, place. 
 halkan, ad., here, 
 halka, halkas, ad., there. 
 halko, ad., down yonder, up 
 
 yonder. 
 halkiyo berri or berrito, ad., 
 
 until to-morrow ; halkiyo berri 
 
 halkan igu sug, wait here tor 
 
 me until to-morrow. 
 hai! int., used in Somali songs 
 
 when on horseback ; it is said 
 
 also either by the hearers or 
 
 by the singer himself after 
 
 each sentence, in the same 
 
 manner as the word kow which 
 
HAL 
 
 63 
 
 HAM 
 
 is used in conversation to give 
 more force to the sentence. 
 
 hal, VIM., amber (the two big 
 pieces of amber fashionable 
 8omals tie to their neck. — ^ki, 
 — al. 
 
 hal, /!>!., she-camel. — shi. 
 
 hal, v.tr., clean, wash. 
 
 hal, rn.n., asking (for what is 
 due), petition, pardon, repara- 
 tion, making amends for any 
 fault committed, mischief done 
 to anyone either by acts or in 
 speaking ; wa run wah hun 
 ban kugu falaiyai, lakin 
 iminka hal ban ka siyai, it is 
 true, I have done you an injury, 
 but now I make you amends ; 
 or iminka wa ka hal marl- 
 naya, but now I am asking 
 your pardon ; — weidiso, ask 
 pardon. 
 
 ardal hal, m.n., petition of the 
 people, country. — ki. 
 
 halmari, v.i., make reparation, or 
 give what you owe ; so — , go 
 and make peace; iss halmariya 
 iss daya, make peace and 
 leave each other. 
 
 haladun, m.n., adventure. — ki. 
 
 halai, ad., last night. 
 
 halal, a. and f.n., lawful, lawful- 
 ness ; wa halal, it is lawful. 
 
 halalai, v.tr., make lawful, cir- 
 cumcise. 
 
 halbanleh, m.n., artery. — hi ; 
 halbanlihi wa goal, the artery 
 was cut. 
 
 halda, m.n., male ostrich. — gi. 
 
 halgerri, f.n.—di ; see gerri. 
 
 hallai, v.tr., lose (especially used 
 for animals and things). 
 
 hallan, m.n., loss. — gi, — yo. 
 
 haUan, v.i., be lost; hallaba, 
 wan hallabi ; wahhasi wa iga 
 hallabi, that thing will be lost 
 for me. 
 
 hallow, a.v., lost or is lost ; wilki 
 hallow, the lost boy, or the boy 
 is lost; gabbaddi hallowdai, 
 the girl is lost. 
 
 hallowsan, a.v., lost, defiled, cor- 
 rupted; naftu wa hallowsan- 
 tahai, the soul is lost. 
 
 hallavi, f.n., clean and nice dates 
 (see barni). — di. 
 
 hallow, m.n., flame, blaze. — gi ; 
 hallowga 'adabed kulail o dan 
 bu ugu saraiya, the flames of 
 hell surpass all heat. 
 
 halus, m.n., womb, matrix. — ^ki. 
 
 halwad, f.n., kind of Arabic 
 cake, the size of a large and 
 thick loaf. — di. 
 
 hamal, m.n., coolie, burden- 
 carrier, porter. — ^ki; hamaUin 
 (plur.). 
 
 hamil, m.n„ burden. — ki ; nagtas 
 hamilkedu wa 'ulusyahai, the 
 burden of that woman is heavy. 
 
 hamil had, m.n., strong camel 
 able to carry heavy loads. — ki. 
 
 hamam, m.n., pigeon. — ki. 
 
 hamansi, m.n., gasp, gasping. — 
 gi; hamansi ugu dambaiyai, 
 agony, last gasp. 
 
 hamanso, v.i., gasp. 
 
 hamar, m.n., chestnut horse. — ki; 
 hamar i so ibi, buy a chestnut 
 horse for me. 
 
HAM 
 
 64 
 
 HAR 
 
 hamar, f.n., tamarind (tree and 
 
 fruit).— ti. 
 hambar, v.tr., carry (a child). 
 hambaro, v.i., carry (thy child); 
 
 hambarta, wan hambaran. 
 hambarsan, f.n., carrying (of a 
 
 child).— ti. 
 hambarsanaw, v.att., be carrying 
 
 (the child). 
 hambaro, f.n., heavy fall. 
 hambarow, v.L, fall heavily ; 
 
 hambaroba, wan hambarobi. 
 hambarai, v.c, make him fall 
 
 heavily. 
 hambo, f.n., remainder of food, 
 'remnant, food left by the man 
 
 for his wife. 
 hamum, or hamun, f.n., distress 
 
 caused by want of tobacco. — ti. 
 hamunsan (nin), a., a man in 
 
 want of tobacco ; ninki ha- 
 
 mnnsana, the man in want of 
 
 tobacco. 
 hamunsanaw, v.att., be in want 
 
 of tobacco. 
 hamiimi, m.n., kind of tobacco 
 
 used in the pipe called hobble- 
 bobble. — gi. 
 haiif f.n., jar made of bark (for 
 
 water and milk). — ti. 
 ban, f.n., calumny, backbiting, 
 
 slander. — ti. 
 hano, v.i., slander (for calumny 
 
 and backbiting); hanta, wan 
 
 hanan. 
 hanan, m.n., bush. — ^ki. 
 itandaraf, m.n., gallop (full speed). 
 
 — ki. 
 handaraf, v.i., gallop. 
 hanfaf, m.n., chip. — ki. 
 
 hanfi, m.n., hot weather. — gi; 
 manta wa hanfi, it is hot to- 
 day. 
 
 hangarara, or hangaraleh, m.n., 
 scorpion. — hi. 
 
 hangol, m.n., wooden hook or 
 crooked wood used for making 
 the fence. round the rer. — ^ki. 
 
 hanib, v.tr., blame, accuse, mark 
 on the neck. 
 
 hanjad, vi.n., backbone. — ki. 
 
 hanjid, f.n., cut or burning (inade 
 on the heads of sheep when 
 sick). — di. 
 
 hanjo, f.n., incense, wax, kind of 
 gum. 
 
 hanshar, m.n., chip, small piece 
 of wood. — ki. 
 
 hantobo, f.n., handful ; hantobo. 
 barisah, a handful of rice. 
 
 haniui, m.n., ache, ailment, pain. 
 
 ■ — ki, — yo. 
 
 hannn, v.imp., feel pain, it pains ; 
 wa i hanunaya, it pains me. 
 
 hannni, v.c, cause sufl'ering, make 
 him feel pain, punish, chastise 
 (by beating) ; wa i hannninaya 
 {mas.), wa i hanuninaisa(/em.), 
 it pains me. 
 
 hanunso, v.tr., suffer, feel a pain ; 
 weli ma hamuisan, he has 
 never felt a pain. 
 
 hanunsan, a.v., afflicted, suffering. 
 
 hannji, v.c, cause him pain, cor- 
 rect by striking; hontaidu i 
 hanujinaisa, my sore causes nie 
 pain ; iss — , cause yourself a 
 pain, regret, repent. 
 
 har, m.n., excrement (of men 
 especially, also of animals when 
 
HAR 
 
 65 
 
 HAR 
 
 no other name for it exists). — 
 ki. 
 
 har, v.i., purgare ventrem; harai, 
 1 have gone to the privy. 
 
 ahal harka, m.n., privy. 
 
 har gur, m.n., sweeper, giobberti. 
 — ki. 
 
 har walwal, m.n., beetle, scara- 
 bsBus (the stinking black one). 
 — ^ki. 
 
 harad, m.n., thirst. — ki. 
 
 harad, v.i., be thirsty. 
 
 haradsan, a., thirsty. 
 
 haradsanaw, v.att., be, remain 
 thirsty. 
 
 harad, v.tr., carve, engrave ; har- 
 da, wan hardi. 
 
 harad, m.n., carving, engraving. 
 
 ■ — ki. 
 
 hardan, a.v., carved, engraved. 
 
 haraf, m.n., letter of the alpha- 
 bet. — ^ki, — yo ; huruf, hurufti 
 (plur.Ar.); huruf ellija, alpha- 
 bet. 
 
 harag, m.n., skin, leather (hide of 
 goats and sheep). — gi; har go 
 {phcr. haragga) ka bi'hi, skin ; 
 haraggan ka bi'hiu, I will 
 skill. 
 
 haraidis, m.n., howl. — ki. 
 
 haraidi, v.imp., howl ; gollidu 
 wa haraidinaisa, the jackal 
 howls. 
 
 haran, a. and f.n., unlawful, un- 
 just ; wa haran, it is unlawful, 
 unjust. 
 
 haranta ka go, v.tr., circumcise. 
 
 harami, m.n., rogue, cheat.. — 
 gi ; harami waiyai, it is a 
 
 (nin) haramiah, a., cheating man ; 
 ninki haramigaaha, the cheat- 
 ing man. 
 
 harar, m.n., mat (made with grass 
 and stubble, used for covering 
 the Somali hut, and to put on 
 camels instead of saddles). — ki. 
 
 harar, f.n., precipice, a place out 
 of reach. — ti. 
 
 hararad, f.n., prickly-heat. — di. 
 
 harash, m.n., public sale, auction. 
 
 ■ — ki. 
 
 harati, f.n., kick (of a camel). — 
 di. 
 
 harbi, m.ji., battle, fight. — gi. 
 
 harbi, v.i., fight. 
 
 hardad, m.n., palate (also used 
 for animals).— ki, — yo. 
 
 hardaf, v.i., canter, gallop. 
 
 hardafl, v.c, make (the horse) 
 gallop. 
 
 hardaf, m.n., galloping, gallnp. — 
 ki, — yo ; faraska hardafkisa, 
 the gallop of the horse. 
 
 hared, /.«., rain-water. — di; bal- 
 diga hared ino ka buhi, fill 
 the ewer (bucket) with rain- 
 water. 
 
 barer, /.M., side. — ti. 
 
 harero (plur. r/fharer), around, 
 on all sides ; Berbera harere- 
 heda yan so marai, I have 
 gone all around Berberah. 
 
 harih,/!K., scribble, scribbling. — 
 ti." 
 
 harih, or harharih, v.i., scribble. 
 
 harir, f.n., silk. — ti. 
 
 haro, v.r., mark yourself with the 
 biith sign ; harta, wan haran. 
 (When a woman has given birth 
 
HAR 
 
 66 
 
 HAU 
 
 to a child, the seventh day after, 
 coals are ground and mixed with 
 water. This mixture is given 
 to the mother, who traces on 
 her forehead a sign in form of 
 a cross, commencing with the 
 horizontal line ; the vertical 
 one is afterwards traced down 
 to the extremity of the nose. 
 Then all say, wai haratai, she 
 gave (has given) birth.) 
 
 harasho, f.n., hirth-sign. — di ; 
 Fadiuuan harashadi ku arkai, 
 I have seen the hirth-sign of 
 Faduma. 
 
 harrago, v.r., dress yourself with 
 your nicest clothes, array. 
 
 harrago,/.?i., fashion, fashionable 
 manner. — di ; harragadaya- 
 du wa 'ainka, it is our fashion. 
 
 harud (see hadud), jowari. 
 
 harun, or harei, or har, «., white 
 ant. — ti, — hi, — ki. 
 
 harakad, m.n., accent, sign. — ki. 
 
 has, m.n., family. — ki. 
 
 hasaw, v.i., converse ; ayan (for 
 a.yo ban) la hasawa ? with 
 whom must I converse ? wa 
 hasawaina, we converse. 
 
 hasawi, v.c, make him con- 
 verse. 
 
 hasawai or wa, m.n., conversation. 
 —hi. 
 
 hasau, f.n., iron wire. — di. 
 
 Aashin, f.n., skin bag (of two 
 hides sewn together) used for 
 putting all kinds of things into. 
 — ti, 
 
 hashin, a. and f.n., incapable of 
 lighting,— ti ; nin, hof hashi- 
 
 nah, a man, a person incapable 
 of fighting. 
 
 hashish, m.n., grass. — ^ki. 
 
 hasid, v.i., feel, be jealous, rebel. 
 
 hasid, a. and m.n., disobedient, 
 rebel, envious jealous man, slan- 
 derous tongue. — ki, — yo; wil- 
 ki hasidkaaha, the disobedient 
 boy. 
 
 hadsidnimo, f.n., envy, jealousy. 
 — di. 
 
 hatan, ad., now, now-a-days. 
 
 hatati, m.n., ambush, ambuscade. 
 
 — gi. 
 
 ku hatati, v.tr., place in ambush ; 
 ku hatatiya, wan ku hatatiyi, 
 iss — , place yourself in am- 
 bush. 
 
 hau, f.n., noise produced in the 
 body either by wind, indiges- 
 tion, vomiting ... — di. 
 
 baud, m.n., impenetrability (of a 
 forest). — ki ; meshasi wa baud, 
 that place is impenetrable. 
 
 haud, v.tr., close, shut, fill ; da- 
 losha haud, shut, fill the hole. 
 
 haud, m.n., ^tick, rod. 
 
 iiaudi, v.tr., beat with a stick, 
 
 ■ flog. 
 
 haul, f.n., affair, business, labour, 
 occupation, work, employment. 
 — shi. 
 
 (nin) haulaisan, a.v., busy man ; 
 ninki haulaisna, the busy man ; 
 wa nin haushodai, he is a busy 
 man. 
 
 (nin) haulla, a., unemployed man: 
 ninki haushalaa, the unem- 
 ployed man. 
 
 (nin) haulbadan, a., a man in a 
 
HAU 
 
 67 
 
 HED 
 
 hurry ; niaki hausha badna, 
 
 the man in a hurry. 
 (nin) hauled, a., an energetic, 
 
 active, diligent man ; nmki 
 
 hauled, the ... 
 hanlyar, a., easy work ; haushi 
 
 yaraid, the easy work. 
 haulyari, /.«., ease, comfort. — 
 
 di; — ku jir, v.i., he at ease ; 
 
 haulyari ban ku jira, I am at 
 
 my ease. 
 haul habo, v.i., serve, work ; hau- 
 
 shada habo, do, execute the 
 
 work; haushada habso, occupy 
 
 yourself. 
 hausho, v.i., try, endeavour, make 
 
 an effort, work ; inad wanak- 
 
 sanato u hausho or u haushod, 
 
 endeavour to be good. 
 haurarsan ! int., well ! all right ! 
 hautan, m.n., gush, gushing. — ki. 
 hautan, v.i., gush ; diggu wa 
 
 hautamaya, the blood gushes. 
 ka hautami, v.c, cause to gush. 
 hawaj, m.n., curry-stuiF. — ^ki; ha- 
 
 wajki me ? where is the curry- 
 
 stutf? 
 hawal, f.n., a calm at sea. — shi>, 
 hawaldar, m.n., sergeant. — ki. 
 hawo, f.n., air (the fluid in which 
 
 we mbve and breathe). 
 hayaiya ! hayaiya ! int. (A man 
 
 on horseback exclaims thus 
 
 to his companions, who answer 
 
 in the same manner, hai ! hai ! 
 
 jawis ! When they are near 
 
 the enemies, in front of them, 
 
 they cry altogether, jawis garo 
 
 ho ! ho ! hobo ! hobo ! oh ! — 
 
 oh! oh! jawaisa! 
 
 haye ! int.-, yes, all is right I 
 
 heb, /!«., shore, sea-shore, coast. 
 — ti ; hebta seho, sleep ashore. 
 
 heb, f.n., a bad word. — ti. 
 
 hebel, n. and a., certain, such, 
 such a one ; hebel ba yimi, a 
 certain man has come ; rer 
 hebel, a certain village ; rerki 
 hebel or hebelaha la gub, such 
 a village has been burnt ; nillki 
 hebel or hebelaha me ? where 
 is such a one (man) 1 uagti 
 hebelayo medai ? where is such 
 a woman 1 haski hebel libah 
 ba unai, a lion devoured such 
 a family. 
 
 hedo, f.n., wooden platter, dish ; 
 
 — sibidi, f.n., funnel-shaped 
 wooden bowl ; — samai, v.tr., 
 make wooden plates ; — sa- 
 mais, m. and f.n., wooden 
 plate maker. — ki, — ti. 
 
 hedid, or hidid, m.n., pulse-vein, 
 kindred, kinsman. — ^ki, — ^yo^ 
 — 0. 
 
 la hedid, v.i., become kin with; 
 holada la hedid, become kins- 
 man with this tribe ; wainu 
 hedidnai, we are kindred. 
 
 hedig, or hidig, f.n., star, hedge- 
 hog (so called by the Somal 
 because they believe it to be a 
 star fallen from heaven). — ti ; 
 
 — aroryo, morning star; — 
 wa beri, morning star ; — 
 jahha, pole star. 
 
 urur' hedigaah, m.n., constella- 
 tion'; ururki hedigaaha, the 
 constellation. 
 
 hedigiyai, m.n., astronomer. — hi. 
 
 F 2 
 
HED 
 
 68 
 
 HER 
 
 hedin heto, f.n., a whitish-grey 
 bird resembling the lark. 
 
 hekmad, /.»., Providence. — di; 
 Ebbahai hekmaddisa, the pro- 
 ■vidence of God. 
 
 heji, v.tr., hold fast, take strongly. 
 
 hel, v.tr., acquire, attain, gain, 
 find, get, obtain. 
 
 helhel, v.i. (poor parents having 
 nothing to give their child to 
 eat send it out, saying, helhel, 
 which means) may God make 
 you find something to eat. 
 
 dama' hel, v.i., succeed (in getting 
 ...), to be successful; isaga 
 dama' helai, he has succeeded 
 or he has been successful, 
 
 ka hel, v.tr., conquer, gain, 
 
 U hel, v.tr,, procure for ; wan u 
 helai, I procured (found) a 
 good punishment for him ; sprta 
 manta abbaha u hel, to-day 
 procure the food for your father. 
 
 laga hel, v.pass., is deprived of, 
 he has lost, is not successful ; 
 niiiki holihi laga hel, the mau 
 is deprived of his property ; 
 nimaiika laga helai, this man 
 ■was not successful. 
 
 helin, m..n., gain, — ki; ninkas 
 helinkisi, the gain of that 
 man. 
 heli, or so heli, v.tr., return, re- 
 store, give back, 
 hells, or helin, m.n., restitution. 
 
 — ^ki, — ti. 
 helad, f.n., cheating, pretence, 
 excuse. — di ; ninka dukanka- 
 lihi helad bu yahan, the shop- 
 ieeper is a cheat. 
 
 (nin) heladleh, a., cheated, a man 
 vyho has always some excuse 
 to give, a swindler ; ninki 
 heladdalaha, the cheat, the 
 swindler. 
 
 heli, m.n., weather. — gi. 
 
 hensai, m.n., harness. — hi. 
 
 hensarar, m.n., forked stake 
 thrust in the ground and form- 
 ing the basis for a Somali hut. 
 — ki. 
 
 her, v.i., go round, around. 
 
 herai, v.tr., surround. 
 
 hersan, a.v., circular, round. 
 
 her, m.n., dyke, dam (to stop 
 water). — ki. 
 
 hero, f.n., enclosure (zereba or 
 zariba) ; this enclosure is made 
 either of trees or of big branches 
 close together, so as to make a 
 fence protecting the tent built 
 within its circuit, and the stable 
 for cattle and sheep. 
 
 hero hodajileh, f.n., enclosure 
 made of thorny trees, zereba of 
 thorns. 
 
 hero od, v.tr., make an enclosure; 
 heran odi, I will make an en- 
 closure. 
 mahal herrais, f.n., evening star, 
 time for taking the young 
 animals into the enclosure, 
 her, m.n., transgression of Somali 
 customs or laws, a case of justice 
 on account of customs or laws. 
 — kij labada sultan herkodi 
 ya dagalkasi ka dahai, the 
 transgression of customs caused 
 that war between the two sul- 
 tans. 
 
HER 
 
 69 
 
 HIS 
 
 heral), m.n., keel (of a ship).^ki. 
 iierar, m.n., crown of hair left on 
 
 the heads of small girls.— ki. 
 heriyo, f.n., camel's pack-saddle. 
 (Somals put upon the wooden 
 frame of the saddle kebed, 
 harar, and aus salol, and all 
 those things form the pack- 
 saddle.) 
 herrib, f.n., wisdom. — ti. 
 (nin) berribleli, a., wise man; 
 TiiTiki herribtalaba, the wise 
 man. 
 lierro, or herriyo, f.n., lines of 
 
 the palm of the hand. 
 hes, v.i., sing (also used for birds). 
 hes, f.n., singing, song, hymn, 
 music— ti; hesta somalida, the 
 Somali singing. 
 hesM, v.i., make peace, be recon- 
 ciled ; ku — , agree upon. 
 hesMs, m.n.,_ peace, agreement, 
 
 accord. — ^ki. 
 hesMsi, v.tr., reconcile; labadas 
 jal shalai ban heshisiyai, yes- 
 terday I reconciled these two 
 friends ; so — , arbitrate, settle. 
 hid (pronounced nearly as bed), 
 v.tr., bind, fasten, shut, tie, 
 confine ; iss ku — , join (two 
 things with thread, rope, wire). 
 iss ku hidhid, v.tr.intens., tie the 
 camels one to the tail of the 
 other ; eg aurtas iss ku hid- 
 hidan, look, these camels tied 
 one to the tail of the other, 
 (nin.) hidan, a. and n., bound, 
 prisoner ; ninki hidna, the 
 prisoner. 
 hidnan, f.n., imprisonment.— ti. 
 
 hido, v.r., tie (yourself), do the 
 work (yourself) ; hidta, wan 
 hidan. 
 
 hidmo, f.n., bale, bundle, parcel ; 
 
 — habaha, faggot. 
 
 hidmo", m.n., long intestine. — ^hi ; 
 
 — abahha, a lean animal. 
 
 hidig (see'hedig),/.w., star.— ti. 
 
 hig, v.i., be near or next to, re- 
 lated to; aurka hig, be next 
 to the camel ; holadasan higa, 
 I am related to that family; 
 holadasanu iss higna, that 
 Tamiiy and I are related. 
 
 higal, m.n., relation, caste. — ^ki. 
 iiggo, f.n., hiccough. 
 higmad,/.M., device, stratagem. — 
 
 di. 
 hijad, f.n., veil of Arab women 
 
 for hiding their faces. — di. 
 Ml, m.n., help, assistance. — ki 
 
 (this word is especially used 
 
 in the case of a battle). 
 hili, v.tr., aid, assist, help, relieve, 
 
 support. . 
 
 hiliya, m.n., assistant. — hi ; hili- 
 
 yiheni bu aha, he was our 
 
 assistant. 
 hilhad, f.n., earring, curb (of 
 
 horses). — di. 
 hil, m.n., shame,8hyness, modesty, 
 
 abuse.— ki ; wa gabad hil 
 
 badan, she is a very modest 
 
 hil, v.tf., abuse, make ashamed ; 
 
 wah hilai, an abusive thing. 
 hisho," 'v.i., be modest, shy, 
 
 ashamed; ka — , be ashamed 
 
 of, dare not. 
 hishod, m.n., shame. — ki. 
 
HIS 
 
 70 
 
 HOF 
 
 hishodla, a., shameless, immodest; 
 ninki hishodkalaa, the shame- 
 less man. 
 
 hishodleh, a., modest. 
 
 tila, m,n., lightning. — ^hi, — yo. 
 
 Mia, v.imp., it lightens ; or 'erku 
 wa hilai. 
 
 hilib, TO.n., flesh, meat. — ki ; 
 hilbo (plur.) ; — idad, mut- 
 ton ; hilibki idaha, the mut- 
 ton ; — riad, goat's flesh; 
 hilibki riaha, the goat's flesh ; 
 — gel, camel's flesh ; hilibka 
 gela, the camel's flesh ; — 
 karsan, boiled meat; hilibki 
 karsana, the boiled meat ; — 
 shilan, roast meat (in a pan 
 or kettle) ; hilibki shilla, the 
 roast meat ; — duban, large 
 pieces of meat roasted on the 
 fire itself ; hilibki dubna, the 
 masted meat. 
 
 hilibdalhai, m.n., uvula; hilib- 
 dalhihi, the uvula. 
 
 hilin, m.n., road, trace, way. — 
 
 hin, v-imp., hums, buzzes. 
 hiudi, m.n., Indian (native of 
 
 India). — gi; ard el — , India 
 
 (country). 
 hindis, v.tr., invent, find out. 
 huidisad, f.n., invention. — di. 
 hindis, v.i., sneeze. 
 hinin, f.n., testicle. — ti, — yo. 
 hinji, v.tr., lift, lift up. 
 hinrag, m.n., shortness of breath, 
 
 _ sigh, pufiing.— gi. 
 hinrag, v.i., puff, pant, sigh, 
 (u) hir, 'y.?!r., shave ; lo hir, it is 
 
 shaved. 
 
 hiro, v.r., shave yourself ; hirta, 
 wan hiran. 
 
 hiran, a.v., shaved; hiranyahai, 
 it is shaved. 
 
 hirib, f.n., eyelash, eyelid, the 
 inside of the eyelid. — ti ; — 
 sarai — hosai, eyelids. 
 
 hirid, m.n., gum (mouth). — ki. 
 
 hirsi, f.n., charm (kind of amu- 
 let).— di. 
 
 hisab, f.n., account, arithmetic, 
 judfjment of God. — ^ti ; Ilah 
 hisabtisa, the judgment of 
 God. 
 
 hisab, v.lr., judge (used for God 
 only) ; Ilah ba hisabi, God 
 ■will judge him. 
 
 hisabi, v.tr., count, account. 
 
 hisabso, v.c, count yourself. 
 
 histi, m.n., mischievous trick. — 
 
 gi. . 
 
 u histi, v.i., trick, defraud. 
 
 ho, (kind of int. meaning) take, 
 
 lay hold of (stretching out 
 
 the hand) ; war ! ho ! take ; 
 
 wan hoi, I will take (for all 
 
 the other tenses the verb had 
 
 is ordinarily used) . 
 hod, v.i., fall ofi", come off ; timihi 
 
 iga so hodai, all my hair came 
 
 off. 
 hodi, v.i., prepare the skin (take 
 
 off the hair) ; haraggi dogorti 
 
 ka hodiyai, the skin is stripped 
 
 of its fleece. 
 hod gudub, f.n., half of the 
 
 Somali dress. — ti. 
 hodan, m.n., rich man. — ^ki. 
 hof, f.n., junction of the ribs. — 
 
 ti. 
 
HOG 
 
 71 
 
 HOR 
 
 hog, m.n., hole. — gi, 
 
 hog, v.tr., extort, get by force. 
 
 hog, m.n., shin (tibia), strength, 
 might, force, violence. — g^. 
 
 hog hadan, or hog wein, a., 
 strong (in fighting and work- 
 ing). 
 
 (u) hogso, v.tr., earn, work for 
 your living ; naftada u hogso, 
 earn your living ; naftaidan u 
 hogsadai, adigu na naftada u 
 hogso, I have worked for my 
 living, you also earn yours. 
 
 hoji, v.i., labour, work. 
 
 hoga, num., few, little (used with 
 wa or o) ; war ! ohogagaiga 
 i da, oh ! leave to me my 
 little, the little I have ; wa 
 hoga biyaah, a little water. 
 
 hogan, m.n., halter (of a camel). 
 — ki. 
 
 hohob, f.n., jujube tree and fruit 
 {see gob). — ti. 
 
 hoh, v.tr., scratch, abrade. 
 
 hohad, f.n., spy-glass, telescope. 
 — di. 
 
 hoi ! ho ! hoa ! int., halloo ! hollo ! 
 ho ! (used alone with war, man, 
 and na, woman) ; war ! war 
 hoi ! hollo, man ! na ! na hoi ! 
 hollo, woman ! 
 
 hoio, v.i., halt (at night), pass 
 the night in a place, go home 
 (this last meaning is only used 
 when speaking to small chil- 
 dren) ; galabta Wager bainu 
 u hoian, we will halt at Wager 
 this night. 
 
 holo, m.n.pl., property, riches (in 
 a general sense), affluencCj 
 
 wealth ; — nol, living pro- 
 perty, cattle ; — badan, rich 
 man. 
 
 hola ba la ima yahan, expression 
 meaning everybody knows that 
 I have nothing. 
 
 holob, f.n., scar in the skull, 
 pellicles. — ti, — ^yo. 
 
 hololiya, or hololawa,/.w., cradle. 
 — di. 
 
 homadai, m.n., vulture(speciesof) . 
 
 hor, f.n., ad., prp., beginning, 
 front, opposite, in front of, 
 before, first (inflected with the 
 pers.prn.); dnniyada hortedi, 
 the beginning of the world; 
 ariir o dan nolanta hortedi 
 oidai, or wa oida, at the be- 
 ginning of life every child cries ; 
 hortaidu jogai, he was in front 
 of me; ahalka ahalkena ka 
 so hor jeda, the house which 
 stands in front of ours, or 
 which is opposite to ours ; 
 war !. horta kan an habto, 
 oh ! let me do this first ; halkas 
 tol horta, sew that first. 
 
 hor u so'o, v.i., continue, go on ; 
 hor u so'oda, horan u so'on. 
 
 horai, v.i., go first, advance ; ka 
 — , go before him ; iga, naga, 
 ka horai, go before me, us, 
 him, them ; U — , be first ; nin 
 — , a superior. 
 
 horaisi, v.tr., put before. 
 
 hdrai, or hore, a., first, before, 
 previous, forward ; ki hore, the 
 first; marki — ,ac^.,ago; kolki, 
 or beri, ad., once, formerly; 
 sanaddi, or kal — , last year. 
 
HOB 
 
 72 
 
 HUF 
 
 hor, v.tr.y throw; ku — ., throw 
 at. 
 
 hor, m.n., camel's milk (when 
 very fresh). — ki. 
 
 hor, m.n , kind of badger (honey- 
 eater), has a white tuft at the 
 end of its tail. — ki. 
 
 hor, m,.n.. jackal (with a white 
 tail). — ki. (Somals call hor a 
 number of Hniiuals and even 
 birds, when they have either 
 white tails or white spots on 
 them.) 
 
 hor, m.n , calao having a crescent- 
 shaped crest. — ^ki. 
 
 horgumo, /.«., panther. 
 
 horor,/.M., hysena, glutton (spotted 
 hy»na, see waraba). 
 
 hos, m.n., shadow, shade. — ki. 
 
 hos, f.n., ad. and prp., below, 
 down, under. — ti," hosta tag, 
 go down ; misku hos u yal, it 
 is under the table ; — U habo, 
 or — 11 hai, hold lower ; — u 
 hadal, whisper, do not cry; hos 
 ban u la hadlai, 1 whispered 
 to him. 
 
 hosai, v.i., go low, be under, be 
 last ; berigi hore wilashan u 
 hosaiyai, hatan se ana u 
 horaiya, or saraiya, formerly 
 I was the last of the boys, 
 but now I am the first ; ba- 
 hal — , reptile ; nin — , an 
 inferior. 
 
 hosaisi, v.tr., put under, let down, 
 abase, abate ; isaga U hosaisi, 
 let him down. 
 
 hosaisis, m.n., abasement, humi- 
 liation. — ki. 
 
 hosis, m.n., eclipse oi the sun, 
 sun obscured by clouds. — ki. 
 
 hoyo, f.n., mother ; ber — , the 
 heart of a mother ; ja'ail — , 
 maternal love. 
 
 hoyanimo, f.n., maternity. 
 
 hub, rn.n., arm, weapon (general 
 name). — ki. 
 
 hubhad, m.n., armed man, warrior. 
 — ki, — yo. 
 
 hUbka ka had, v.tr., disarm. 
 
 (nin) hubleh, a., armed (man). 
 
 (nin) hnbla, a., unarmed, dis- 
 armed (man). 
 
 hiibkisa u damai, v.tr., arm. 
 
 hub, v.i., be certain ; ma la huba? 
 is it certain ? wa la huba, it is 
 • certain. 
 
 hubso, v.tr., consider, examine, 
 investigate, meditate. 
 
 hubsad, m.n., meditation, investi- 
 gation. — kL 
 
 hdbsan, a.v., meditating. 
 
 hub, m.n., film of the brain. — ^ki. 
 
 hubin, f.n., knuckle, joint, piece. 
 
 ■ — ti. 
 
 hudai, or huda, a. and n., can- 
 cerous, cancer, scrofula, king's 
 evil; hontasi wa hudai, that 
 sore is cancerous. 
 
 hudel, m.n., hotel, inn. — ki. 
 
 hudud, f.n., hind part of the arm. 
 — dL 
 
 hudun, or hudin, f.n., umbilical 
 cord. — ti. 
 
 huf, v.tr., winnow, blow. 
 
 huffi, v.tr., tempt, deceive ; la — , 
 be tempted ; wa la i huflB, I 
 .shall be tempted. 
 
 huffin, f.n., temptation. — ti. 
 
HUG 
 
 73 
 
 HUE 
 
 hugmi Allah hadai nohoto, ex- 
 pression meaning if it is the 
 will of God, or God willing. 
 
 huko, f.n., grease of the camel's 
 hump. 
 
 hukum, m.n., judgment, govern- 
 ment, authority. — ki. 
 
 hukum, v.tr., administer, govern, 
 judge, condemn, order, com- 
 mand; la iss ka hukumai, 
 forbidden ; wahas wa la iss 
 ka hukumai. 
 
 hujad, f.n., crime, guilt, case of 
 justice. — di. 
 
 hujad leh, a., guilty. 
 
 hujadla, a., not guilty, innocent. 
 
 hul, v.tr., go round, through; SO 
 — , go through and come back ; 
 si — , go through when I am off. 
 
 hulad, or hulod, m.n., tree felled 
 by means of fire. — ki. 
 
 hulo, and ka hulo, v.tr., choose 
 from. 
 
 humbo, f.n., foam, froth, bubbles. 
 
 kaga humbaisi, v.c, make foam. 
 
 hun, a., bad, ugly, wicked ; niii 
 hun, niman hunhun, bad man, 
 men; ninki huma, the bad 
 man ; nagti humaid, the bad 
 woman. 
 
 ka hun, a., worse (comparative of 
 him). 
 
 ka wada, or ngu wada hun, a., 
 worst (superlHtive of hun). 
 
 humai, v.tr., make badly (what 
 you have to do) ; si — , aggra- 
 vate ; u — , v.tr., trouble, afflict, 
 hurt him; wilkasi wu ino 
 iumain, that boy will afflict 
 us ; iss — , afflict yourself. 
 
 humo, a., bad (not used alone). 
 
 ayanhumo, f.n., bad luck, mis- 
 fortune, calamity. 
 
 ayanhun, a., unlucky. 
 
 ayan humow, v.i., be unlucky. 
 
 humaw, v.att., be bad, ill. 
 
 human, f.n., affliction, adversity, 
 evil, trouble. — ti. 
 
 hundur, f.n., navel. — ti. 
 
 hunguri, m.n., throat. — gi (gene- 
 ral name); — 'ad {see bo'), 
 windpipe, or larynx); — ma- 
 dow, throat, pharynx ; hun- 
 guri wein, greedy, glutton. 
 
 hunguri weinan, f.n., gluttony. 
 — ti. 
 
 hunha', v.tr., vomit. 
 
 hunha'o, f.n., vomiting. 
 
 hunsho, _/:re., vulture (species of), 
 the white one and the black 
 one. 
 
 hunug, m.n., bleeding of the nose. 
 
 — gi- 
 
 hunug, vi., bleed (nose); hunga, 
 wan hungi. 
 
 hur, m.n., heat. — ki. 
 
 huri, v.c, cause him to be warm, 
 cover his head to warm it ; iss 
 — , cover yourself (with your 
 sheet or dress to get warm). 
 
 hur wein, a., hot, very warm. 
 
 (nin) hursan, a., perspiring, feel- 
 ing warm. 
 
 hurdan, or hurdun, m.n., kick 
 with the heel (in playing). — 
 ki. 
 
 hurdan, v.i., kick with the heel ; 
 hurdama, wan hurdami. 
 
 hurguf, v.tr., shake off, dust ; la 
 hurguf, it is shaken off. 
 
HUE 
 
 74 
 
 HAB 
 
 huri, m.n., piroque. — gi. 
 
 huri, m.n., male cat. — gi. 
 
 hliro, f.n., tartar of the teeth. 
 
 hurud, v.i., sleep; liurda, wan 
 hurdi ; iss ka — , remain sleep- 
 ing. 
 
 (nin) Iiurda, a., sleeping (man), 
 sleeper. 
 
 Inirdo, f.n., sleep ; hurdadi haben- 
 ka wa wanaksana, the sleep 
 of that night was a good one. 
 
 Irnruf, m.n., frown, sour look. — 
 ki. 
 
 huruf, v.tr., frown, rebuke ; nin- 
 ka huruf, rebuke that man. 
 
 hurunsho, f.n., a burnt thing 
 (burnt to ashes). 
 
 hunmshai, v.tr., h\icn to ashes. 
 
 huryo, f.n., a black bird with 
 yellow beak and feet, the size 
 of a turtle dove, living on 
 larvse and camel ticks. 
 
 husal, m.n., elbow. — ki. 
 
 h.usus, f.n., memory, remem- 
 brance. — ti. 
 
 hususi, v.tr., remind. 
 
 fiususo, v.tr., remember; hususta, 
 wan hususan. 
 
 hususnaw, w.aii., keep in memory, 
 remember. 
 
 huwi, v.tr., cover, clothe. 
 
 huwo, v.r., cover, clothe yourself. 
 
 H. 
 
 h, 10th letter of the Somali al- 
 phabet, used for the Arabic 
 sounds oi t, i3, t- 
 
 hab, v.tr., have, take ; ninkas 
 la'ag^isi ana haba, I have the 
 money of that man ; nabad — , 
 be in peace, be safe ; war — , 
 a man who receives news, mes- 
 sage. 
 
 babo, v.tr., catch, hold, keep, 
 seize ; habta, wan haban ; ka 
 — , take from ; iga habo, take 
 from me ; kaga — , begin ; ku 
 — , catch with ; labatan kalnn 
 ban shabaggi ku habtai, I 
 caught twenty fishes with the 
 net; la — , aid, assist; ila 
 babo, assist me ; so — , go and 
 catch, run after ; ad u — , 
 make it well; ad ban u haban, 
 I will make it well ; haul — , 
 occupy yourself, serve, work ; 
 il iss ku — , or indaha iss ku 
 — , expression meaning wink, 
 shut your eyes, i.e. do not look 
 at a bad thing, turn aside from 
 a bad place or thing ; ninkasi 
 hishod yu indihi iss ngu hab- 
 tai, that man through shame 
 shut his eyes ; hadi u wahha 
 ku siyo, il iss ku habo, or il 
 jebi, if be gives you that, wink 
 to me, or give me a wink. 
 
 il iss ku habasho, f.n., a man 
 shutting his eyes (out of shame) 
 when he goes to beg at a house, 
 winking. 
 
 habasho, f.n., catching, seizing ; 
 ninka shuhul habatsi, employ 
 that man. 
 
 habso, v.tr., employ, engage, catch 
 hold of, comprehend ; eraigas 
 habso, employ that word ; nin- 
 
HAB 
 
 75 
 
 HAD 
 
 ka hebel habso, engage such a 
 man ; marada li,abso, catch 
 hold of your loin-cloth ; hadad 
 dinta ad u habsatid bad wa- 
 naksanan, if you well observe 
 religion, you will be good ; ka 
 — , catch from, get from. 
 
 -wahba iga habsadai, expression 
 meaning some misfortune has 
 overtaken me. 
 
 hab, and habhab, /.«., noise. — 
 ti ; habhabta an mahlayo, the 
 noise I hear. 
 
 allah. habai, m.n., an abject, 
 cursed man. — gi, 
 
 habal, m.n., large oval wooden 
 pan or basin, crib, manger. — ki. 
 
 habas, m,n., calumniator, tale- 
 bearer. — ki. 
 
 habasnimo, /.«., calumny. 
 
 habbas, m.n., baker. — ^ki. 
 
 habil, v.i., support, resist, be 
 strong ; habili maisid, you 
 cannot do it, i.e. you are not 
 strong enough to do it., 
 
 habilo, f.n., nation. 
 
 habow, m.n., cold. — gi; habowga 
 saka dadki o dan ya hadhad- 
 aya, on account of the cold of 
 
 , this morning, all people were 
 shivering. 
 
 habow, a., cool, gentle, meek, 
 mild ; nin, niman habow, 
 gentle man, men ; ninki ha- 
 bowba, the mild man ; ni- 
 manki habhabowba, the mild 
 men. I 
 
 habow, v.i., be cool, gentle, meek, 
 mild ; haboba, wan habobi. 
 
 habowji, v.tr., appease, cool. 
 
 haboTVJiso, v.r., appease, cool 
 yourself, bathe ; badda ku so 
 habowjiso, bathe (take a bath 
 in the sea). 
 
 habri, m.n., grave. — gi. 
 
 habur, f.n., cemetery. — ti. 
 
 habsin, or ga'na', — hi, m.n., 
 great gut (intestine). — ki. 
 
 had, v.tr., take, assume, bear, 
 lift, raise ; la had, it is lifted 
 up ; robki had, the rain is 
 over ; ka — , take from ; la — , 
 carry, raise with, help, assist ; 
 laga — , be deprived of ; af 
 kala — , or af kala hais, m.n., 
 yawn, yawning. — ki; af kala 
 — , v.i., yawn ; so — , fetch, 
 bring ; kor u — , or sarai u — , 
 lift up, raise ; la iss ka — , a., 
 infectious ; udurkasu wa la iss 
 ka had, that sickness is infec- 
 tious ; dein — , m.n., debtor. — 
 ki; hub — , m.n., warrior. — 
 ki, — yo; nafta ka — , v.tr., 
 kill; naftan ka hadi, I will 
 kill ; war — , m.n., messenger. 
 — ki, — yo. 
 
 hadi, v.tr., omit, leave ; wilka 
 hadi, leave that boy ; ka — , 
 leave aside, do not care. 
 
 hado, v.tr., take for you, endure, 
 support, confess, avow, ac- 
 knowledge; hata, wan hadan ; 
 'ndurkaga hado, or u samir, 
 endure, support your sickness ; 
 riinta sheg o hado, tell the 
 truth and confess ; tugadada 
 hado, acknowledge thy theft ; 
 ho — , or ho — , take and 
 keep. 
 
HAD 
 
 76 
 
 HAI 
 
 hadaT)0, /.«., buckle. 
 
 had, m.n., ink. — ^ki, 
 
 had, m.n., noise produced by a 
 
 blow. — ki. 
 hadhad, m.n., ague, pressing 
 
 hunger.- — ki. 
 hadhadiyo,y!»i., cold fit, shivering. 
 hadhad, v.L, shiver. 
 hadab, m.n., fruit, every kind of 
 
 vegetable. — ^ki, — yo. 
 hadabaiso, v.i., eat fruit, vege- 
 tables. 
 hadabaisato, or nin hadabaisa- 
 
 taah, or arah donato, f.n., 
 
 eater of fruits, vegetables. 
 hadad, m.n., pit below the skull. 
 " — ki. 
 
 hadad, m.n., bitterness, sourness. 
 " — ki. 
 hadad, a., sour, bitter ; mido 
 
 hadad, sour fruits ; midihi 
 
 hadada, the sour fruits. 
 hadafi, or harafi, m.n., wooden 
 
 sandal. — ki. 
 hadai, v.i., dine. 
 hadaisi, or ashaisi, v.i., give 
 
 dinner to someone. 
 hadan, m.n., servant. — ki, 
 hadari, m.n., estimate (of any 
 
 work). — gi. 
 hadari, v.tr., listen to, confide in ; 
 
 ninka hadalkisa ban hadarin, 
 
 I will confide in, listen to what 
 
 that man says. 
 hadas, m.n., mass (holy sacrifice). 
 
 — ki. 
 hadon, f.n., tree the bark of which 
 
 produces red dye. — ti. 
 hadon, f.n., kind of frankincense. 
 ' — ti. 
 
 haflla, or hafilo, f.n., caravan. 
 
 haho, f.n., asthma, consumption 
 (means also chest, long breath- 
 ing); war! hofku haha weina, 
 oh ! how long that man is able 
 to speak, i.e. what a chest 
 (lit. what a breathing) he has. 
 
 hahwa, f.n., coffee (ready for 
 drinking); ibhiha hahwaah, 
 coifee-pot. 
 
 haib, ad., well, completely ; haib 
 igu, ugu, nogu, sheg, tell me, 
 him, us, all is well ; isagu 
 haibu kugu shegi, he will tell 
 you well, nicely, strongly. 
 
 haib, f.n., share, portion, divi- 
 sion. — ti. 
 
 haibi (generally with u), v.tr., 
 distribute, divide ; inamada u 
 haibi, distribute to the boys ; 
 ku — , appoint, give ; ninka 
 shuhulka ku haibi, give that 
 work to this man. 
 
 haibso (with la in the singular), 
 v.r., partake with. 
 
 haid, m.n., rule, law, command- 
 ment. — ^ki. 
 
 haid, m.n., loin-cloth (see maha- 
 wis). — ki. 
 
 haUi, v.i., cry, scream, shout, 
 call. 
 
 hailo, f.n., noise, tumult, shout ; 
 hailada iss ka da, cease that 
 noise. 
 
 hailo, or haila gel, v.tr., go for 
 help (when fighting and near 
 to be overcome, they say so). 
 
 haili, m.n., large coloured Somali 
 linen dress (.iheet). — gi. 
 
 hair Allah ha ku siyo, expression 
 
HAI 
 
 11 
 
 HAM 
 
 meaning may God give you a 
 blessiog. 
 
 hairan, m.n., skin garment for 
 men. — ^ki, — yo. 
 
 hajeila, ad., often. 
 
 hal, m.n., vinegar. — ki. 
 
 hal, v.tr., cut meat into pieces, 
 slices, butclier ; adi — , m.n., 
 butcher; dad — , m.n., cannibal. 
 
 halab, m.n., baggage. — ki. 
 
 halad, m.n., mixture. — ^ki. 
 
 halad, v.tr., huddle, throw into 
 confusion ; iss ku — , mix. 
 
 halaf, v.invp., become coarse, 
 thick, rough, hard ; haraggu 
 wu halafl, the skin will be- 
 come rough. 
 
 halafi, V.C., cause to become 
 coarse, thick, rough, hard. 
 
 halafsan, a.v., coarse, thick, rough, 
 hard. 
 
 halalan, a., dry; wa habo ha- 
 lalan, it is dry fire-wood ; maro 
 halalan, dry linen. 
 
 halali, or halaji, v.tr., dry. 
 
 halalif, f.n., boast, humbug, brag. 
 
 " — ti. 
 
 halalif ka shub, v.i., boast, hum- 
 bug, brag. 
 
 halbi, m.n., heart. — gi. 
 
 halhal, v.tr., allure, engage in a 
 bad way, deceive by sophisms 
 or enticements ; (fanatic Mus- 
 sulmans say of the Catholic 
 missionaries,) badriintu or 
 badriyadu wa ina halhalaisa 
 or halhalayaii, the fathers will 
 deceive us. 
 
 halhal, m.n., allurement, deceit. 
 
 " -Iki. 
 
 ^alhalan, a.v., allured, deceived. 
 
 nin muhalhalah, m.n., impostor. 
 —hi." 
 
 u halhal, v.tr., begin, commence, 
 do quickly ; shuhulka hor u 
 halhal, do your work quickly. 
 (This word means done dis- 
 orderly, in a bustle.) 
 
 halas, v.tr., finish. 
 
 halas, a.v., finished ; halas wai- 
 yai, it is finished. 
 
 halhala, or halhalo, m.n., sack, 
 saddle-bag. — ^M. 
 
 halib, v.i., wish him good luck ; 
 wan ku haUbi, I wish you good 
 luck. 
 
 haliban, «.«., fortunate, good luck ; 
 wahhasiwa halibanyahai, that 
 is fortunate, lucky. 
 
 halim, m.n., pen. — ki. 
 
 halin, f.n., heifer, young she- 
 camel. — ^ti; habno {plur). 
 
 haUoh, or halhalloh, m.n., curv- 
 ing, bending, bent. — hi, — yo ; 
 daba — , scorpion. 
 
 hallohi, v.tr., bend. 
 
 hallohan, a.v., crooked, bent, 
 indirect, awry ; ul hallohan, a 
 crooked stick ; nUo h'alhal- 
 lohna, crooked, bent sticks ; 
 usM hallohanaid, the crooked, 
 bent stick. 
 
 hamar, m.n., gambling. — ki, — yo. 
 
 hamar, v.i., gamble. 
 
 hamis, f.n., Thursday. — ti; ha- 
 mista dambe, the next Thurs- 
 day. 
 
 hamis, m.n., long Arab shirt (see 
 garba galai) ; Somals use this 
 word lor every kind of shirt 
 
HAM 
 
 78 
 
 HAR 
 
 and even coats. — ki, — yo; 
 
 hamsan, hamsanti (plural 
 
 nearly always used). 
 hamir, m.w., yeast, leaven. — ki. 
 hamiti, m.n., malevolent, malig- 
 nant man. — g^. 
 hamidnimo, /.«., malevolence, 
 
 malignancy. 
 han, m.n., foal (camel, horse, ass, 
 
 cow). — ki. 
 han,/.ra., debt. — ti ; — geli, v.tr., 
 
 indebt (him), ctiuse him to enter 
 
 into debt, 
 (nin) hamaisan, a.v., indebted 
 
 man, debtor ; ninki hamaisna, 
 
 the debtor ; wan hamaisnahai, 
 
 I am indebted. 
 hanan, v.tr., claim, ask for ; ha- 
 
 nama, wan hanami. 
 hanam, m n., claim. — ki, — yo. 
 hanan, f.n., lifting up of the tail, 
 
 when horses, cows are running. 
 
 — ti ; eg ! faras ki wa ka 
 
 dabadi hananta ka digai, look ! 
 
 there is the horse which has 
 
 raised his tail. 
 hando, f.n., sudden fit of burning 
 
 fever; hando ku dishai, may 
 
 that burning fit kill you (very 
 
 bad curse). 
 hangad, m.n., adult. — ki, — yo. 
 hanjad, f.n., large boat {see doni). 
 " — di. 
 hanjaful, or hanjafil, f.n., hoof 
 
 of goats. — shi. 
 hanjid, m.n., sinew, tendon of the 
 
 neck, thigh. — ki. 
 h.anjidai,2;.«wp.,beraw, not cooked 
 
 (not \ised for meat); baris han- 
 
 jidai, the rice is not cooked. 
 
 hanjidsan, a.v., unripe, raw, not 
 
 cooked. 
 hanjidi, v.tr., pinch, nip. 
 hanjido, f.n., pinch, nip. 
 hani, m.n., hold (of a ship). — gi 
 
 (Arabs say han); adiga haniga 
 
 ku gura, put the sheep in the 
 
 hold. 
 hanin, v.tr., bite. 
 haniyo, f.n., bite, biting, sting 
 
 (in general). 
 hanso, f.n., bow (for shooting), 
 hanun, or hainun, m.n., rule, law 
 
 canon. — ^ki. 
 har, num., several, some. — ^ki, 
 har, m.n., mountain range. — ki 
 har hore, m.n., ahead or afore, 
 
 top ; markabka harkisa hore, 
 
 the forepart of the ship. 
 har dambe, m.n., stern, abaft, 
 
 end ; har hore iyo har dambe, 
 
 afore and abaft. 
 haraf, m.n., match. — ki, — yo, 
 harah, a., burst; mufti'hi harah, 
 
 the burst cannon. 
 harah, m.n., explosion. — ^hi. 
 harah, v.i., burst ; distigi ba 
 
 harhai, the kettle burst. 
 harai, or hara, m.n., cudgel, heavy 
 
 stick. — hi. 
 haraj, m.n., expenses. — ki ; bi- 
 
 shatan haraj ku wa badan- 
 
 yahai, this month the expenses 
 
 are great. 
 hardas,/!^., amulet, charm. — ^ti. 
 haren, m.n., affinity. — ki. 
 la harenso, or u haren noho, or 
 
 iss harensada, ~v.i., be in affi- 
 
 nity._ 
 harendi, m.n., badger. — gi, — di 
 
HAE 
 
 79 
 
 HIS 
 
 harfa, f.n., cinnamon. — di. 
 harhad, /.»., clout, rag. — di. 
 harharsi, m.n., rope tying down 
 
 a camel's head to his foreleg 
 
 to prevent it from getting up. 
 
 — gi. 
 hari, v.tr., conceal, hide, 
 haris, m.n., hiding. — ki, — yo. 
 harso, v.r., hide yourself. 
 harson, a.v., concealed, unseen, 
 
 secret ; hadal harson, a secret ; 
 
 mel harson, a hiding-place. 
 hariyan, m. and /.»., astrologer, 
 
 sorcerer. -^ki, — ti. 
 haro,/.ra., thickness; hori, horiyo 
 
 haroleh, hard wood. 
 harshi, m.n., thaler, dollar. — gi ; 
 
 nus harsM, half-dollar. 
 harurad, f.n., tottle. — di. 
 hasa'ad, /.?}., snuff-box (of Arabs). 
 
 — di. 
 hasab, or kasab, m.n., jowaree 
 
 plant and its seed. — ki. 
 hasab, v.tr., force, oblige ; hasba, 
 
 wan hasbi. 
 hasab, m.n., violence, force. — ki. 
 hasaro, f.n., useless expenses, 
 
 damage. 
 hashar, or hashir, m.n., coffee 
 
 husks. 
 hasirad, f.n., fine, penalty. — di. 
 hasir, v.tr., fine, 
 hata ! int. of alarm. 
 hatahata, or badahata, m.n., 
 
 name given to the Yibir caste, 
 
 and meaning sorcerer. — hi. 
 hatal, v.tr., mislead, blunder, 
 
 debauch, delude. 
 hatalad, f.n., blunder, fault, mis- 
 take. — di. 
 
 hatalan, v.i., be misled, mistaken, 
 
 err, blunder ; hatalma, wan 
 
 hatalmi. 
 hau ! hau ! int. indicating a noise 
 
 made in striking repeatedly. 
 haul, m.n., will, word (of God), 
 
 law. — ki. 
 haw, /.w., brag, deceit. — di. 
 hawai, v.i., be deceived, make a 
 
 mistake. 
 hawaisi, v.tr., deceive, betray, 
 
 brag. 
 hawayad, f.n., brag, temptation, 
 
 deceit. 
 hawad, m.n., bawd (mas.). — ^ki. 
 hawadad, f.n., bawd (fern.). — di. 
 hawaja, m.n., gentleman (ordi- 
 narily said of Europeans). — gi. 
 hawi, v.tr., bare, strip, denude, 
 (nin) hawan, a.v., naked (man) ; 
 
 ninki hawana, the naked man. 
 hawanan, f.n., nakedness. — ti. 
 hayahayai, v.i., flatter, fawn 
 
 (upon someone to get money). 
 hayohayo,/.«. , flattering, fawning. 
 hayohayo, f.n., game in which 
 
 women dance and strike their 
 
 chest with their hands. 
 hih, m.n., smoke. — hi ; hih. ba ka 
 
 bihi, it smokes. 
 hih, I'.imp., it smokes ; dabki wa 
 
 hihaya, the fire smokes, 
 himad,/".™., barracks. — di. 
 hir, f.n., acknowledgment, avowal. 
 
 — ti. 
 hiro, v.tr., acknowledge, avowj 
 
 hirta, wan hiran. 
 Msas, f.n., retaliation, revenge. — 
 
 ti; hisasta naga si, give us 
 
 our revenge. 
 
HIS 
 
 80 
 
 HON 
 
 hisas, v.i., pay the retaliation; 
 Myan, or Myano, m. orf.n., cun- 
 
 ningness, cheating, deceit. — ki, 
 
 — di; some also say haiyau, 
 
 or haiyano. 
 hiyanieli, hiyanoleh, haiyanoleh, 
 
 a., cunning. 
 hiyanai, v.tr,, deceive. 
 hiyar, m.n., cucumber. — ki. 
 hiyas, v.i., take the measure (for 
 
 coat). 
 hiyas, f.n. and a., straight, size, 
 
 target ; wa hiyas, it is straight ; 
 
 hiyas ka dig, make it straight. 
 hob, m.n., hoof (horse, mule ...). 
 " — ki. 
 hobad, f.n., small Somali dish, 
 
 porringer. — di. 
 hod,^M., bold man, male. — di. 
 hod, v.tr., dig ; gedka hod o so 
 
 rid, dig up the tree. 
 hodnin, m.n., digging. — ki. 
 hodah,/M., thorn. — di; hodahnyo 
 
 (plur.). 
 hodahleh, a., thorny. 
 hodo, m.n., genitals. — ^hi. 
 hodob, m.n., tacking together. — 
 " ki. 
 hodobt v.tr., baste, tack together; 
 
 hodba, wan hodbi; kabta i 
 
 hodob, mend my sandals, i e. 
 
 put on a piece, or sew ; iss ku — , 
 
 join two pieces with nails, 
 
 sew, mend small holes in the 
 
 clothes. 
 hodub, or hudub, m.n. — ki, or 
 
 hoto,/.ra., South. 
 hodns, m.n., sanctity (of God). — 
 
 ki ; nin hodiisah, a saint, a 
 
 saintly man. 
 
 hodyehedo, kind of M. express- 
 ing a strong affirmation, as 
 truly, just, exactly; hodyehedo 
 wa kowdi, it is exactly one 
 o'clock ; hadanan hodyehedo 
 ku la dagalamin, nin ba mihi, 
 truly, if I do not fight with 
 you I am not a man. 
 
 hof, m.n., person, individual (used 
 for one). — ^ki. 
 
 hofal, m.n., fetters. — ki. 
 
 hofal, v.tr., fetter. 
 
 hoh, v.imp., it froths. 
 
 hohob, m.n., a hut not built in 
 an enclosure as they are, built 
 in each hafad. — ki. 
 
 hoi, or ho, v.tr., moisten, soak, 
 wet ; yar hoi, moisten a little. 
 
 hoiyan, a., damp, moist, wet ; 
 wan hoiyanahai, I am wet ; 
 maradaidu wa hoiyantahai, 
 my garment is wet. 
 
 hois, m.n., a hut surrounded by 
 an enclosure ; when the in- 
 terior is separated by a kind 
 of screen called Uihed they 
 call the rooms hollad or gur- 
 gur. 
 
 hollad, /ra., room. — di ; ninkas 
 holladisi wa balladantahai, 
 the room of that man is large. 
 
 hoUi, f.n., turtle-dove. — di. 
 
 holo, f.7i., tribe, caste, descen- 
 dants, relations. 
 
 holof, f.n., scale, cod, husk. — ^ti; 
 holfo {plur.). 
 
 hon, /m., hurt, sore, wound. — ti; 
 homo {plur.); hon gibinah, a 
 small wound ; honti buksatai, 
 the cured wound, the scar. 
 
HON 
 
 81 
 
 HUD 
 
 ilmalia ka hou, v.i., cause to 
 miscarry ; ilmaha wan homi 
 or ka homi, I will cause abor- 
 tion. 
 
 ilmaha iss ka hon, v.i., miscarry; 
 ilmaha wan iss ka homi, I 
 will miscarry ; ilmaha ka homi, 
 she will miscarry ; ilmaha ka 
 homai, she miscarried ; ilma 
 laga homi, they will make her 
 miscarry ; ilma laga homai, 
 they made her miscarry. 
 
 ilma ka homan, f.n., abortion, 
 miscarriage. — ^ti. 
 
 honsi, honsid, or honsimad, m.n., 
 discussion, dispute, quarrel, 
 discord. — di. 
 
 ^onso, v.i., resent, feel against. 
 
 (u) homamai, v.i., be contrite, 
 regret. 
 
 homamais,m.ra., contrition, regret. 
 
 " — ki. 
 
 hor, f.n., neck. — ti. 
 
 horhid, m.n., necklace (especially 
 for horses). — ki, 
 
 hor, v.tr., write, record, register, 
 means also mend (a pen), clean 
 up (a stick), sharpen (a pencil), 
 adapt, cut (a stone). 
 
 hora, m.n., writer. — gi, — yo. 
 
 horan, a.v., written ; wah wa 
 horau, it is written. 
 
 horin. — ki, or far. — ti, writing, 
 handwriting ; inanka fartisu 
 wa wanaksantahai, that boy's 
 handwriting is good. 
 
 hornin,/.?!., mending (of a pen); 
 sharpening (of a pencil). — ti. 
 
 hori, m.n., wood. — gi, — yo 
 (general name). 
 
 horiah, or hori laga samaiyai, a., 
 wooden ; abhadda horigaah, 
 the wooden box. 
 
 hori dableh, m.n., fire-brand. 
 
 horah, f.n., sun, sunshine. — di ; 
 — so bah, sunrise ; — subah, 
 sun in the morning ; — da', 
 sunset ; — galbed, sun in the 
 evening. 
 
 horato, f.n., lizard (small one). 
 
 horud, m.n., semen (in general); 
 biyo bah, semen (pro hmnine). 
 
 hosh, v.tr., mix, mingle, stir, 
 knead. 
 
 hosol, m.n., laugh, laughter, smile, 
 grin. — ki. 
 
 hosol, v.i., laugh, smile ; hosla, 
 wan hosli ; ku — , v,tr., mock 
 at, ridicule ; ninki lagu hosol, 
 everyone mocks at him ; wa la 
 igu wada hoslai, they all 
 laughed at me. 
 
 hoton, m.n., straigbtness. — ki 
 (position of a jar placed in a 
 hole to keep it straight). 
 
 hoton, v.i., be placed straight; 
 wa hotami, it will be placed 
 straight. 
 
 hotomi, v.tr., place straight. 
 
 hub, v.tr., spill, squander, waste ; 
 la<agta,idi wan hubai, I ha\ e 
 squandered my money. 
 
 hud, m.n., eel. — ki. 
 
 hud, a., sole, single ; nin hudiah, 
 a single man. 
 
 U hud, v.tr., be inclined to give ; 
 ku hudi mayo, I cannot give 
 to you. 
 
 hud, m..n., looking at (a man 
 while he is eating, iii order to 
 
nuD 
 
 82 
 
 HUR 
 
 get some food by that impor- 
 tunity. 
 
 hud, v.i., look at ; mahad naga 
 hudaisa, why are you looking 
 at us? 
 
 hudaiyo, or hundanyo, f.n., ant 
 (very black one). 
 
 hudda, m.n., large wooden spoon, 
 ladlp, skimmer. 
 
 hudhudi, v.tr., swallow (water), 
 clip (words). 
 
 hudhudis, m.n., swallowing. — ki. 
 
 hudrad, f.n., vegetables. — di. 
 
 hudun, m.n., putrefaction, rotten- 
 ness. — ki. 
 
 hudun, v.i., putrefy ; hudma, 
 wan hudmi ; miyidki hudun, 
 the corpse is putrefied, 
 
 hudmi, V.C., cause to putrefy, 
 corrupt. 
 
 hudunsan, a., rotten ; midki 
 hudusana, the rotten fruit. 
 
 hudmun, m.n., stench. — ki. 
 
 hudmun ahaw, v.att., stink, be of 
 bad smell. 
 
 ur hudmun, f.n., stench ; urti 
 hudmunahaid, the stench. 
 
 hudunhuto, or hudhuto, f.n., bird 
 (with a long neck and a beak 
 like a horn). 
 
 hufa', m.n., cough.' — hi. 
 
 hufa', v.i., cough. 
 
 huful, m.n., lock. — ki. 
 
 hulhulad, f.n., troublesomeness. 
 — di ; — badan, a., trouble- 
 some. 
 hulhuladai,i'.<?'.,interrupt,trouble. 
 huliyad, f.n., fairy. — di (some 
 also say huliyad for a nice- 
 looking person). 
 
 hulub, m.n., sadness, gloom, sul- 
 
 lenuess, dejection. — ki. 
 hulub, v.i., be sad ; hulba, wan 
 " hulbi. 
 hulubsi, or ka hulbi, v.tr., make 
 
 sad. melanchuJic. 
 hulubsan, a., sad, gloomy. 
 hulubsanaw, v.att., be gloomv, 
 
 sad. 
 humba, or humbo, f.n., large skin 
 
 jar for ghee. 
 hun, a., direct, straight. 
 hun, v.i., be straight ; huma, wan 
 
 humi. 
 hun (U so'O), ad., directly, straight 
 
 (walk). 
 hun yar, ad., slow, slowly, a 
 
 little ; hun yar so'o, \Yalk 
 
 slowly. 
 humi, v.tr., make straight. 
 humanahaw, v.att., be straight. 
 humati, m.n., straightness, up- 
 rightness. — gi. 
 humati u, ad., straight ; miska 
 
 humati u dig, place the table 
 
 straight. 
 hunhani, m.n., drone. — gi. 
 hunud, f.n., litany. — di. 
 hunudda mari, v.i., recite the 
 
 litany. 
 hurdan, or jan, m.n., upper part 
 
 of the ear-lobe. — ki. 
 huri, v.i., snore. 
 huro, f.n., snoring. 
 huroh, f.n., beauty.— di. 
 h"urhi, v.tr., make beautiful, nice, 
 
 beautify. 
 hurhiso, v.r., make beautiful for 
 
 you. 
 huroh badan, huroh wanaksan, 
 
HUB 
 
 S3 
 
 KAB 
 
 or hurohsan, a.v., beaiitiful, 
 
 nice ; faraski hurohda badna, 
 
 the beautiful horse. 
 hururoh, m.n., pebbles, gravel. — 
 " hi. ■ 
 
 hurunful, m.n., cloves, 
 hus, v.i., dive. 
 
 husi, v.fr., duck, make him plunge, 
 hushash, m.n., sweepings, rub- 
 
 hisl), chips. — ki, — yo. 
 hushashad, /.»., rheumatism. — 
 - di. 
 hushl, m.n,, free will, wish, on 
 
 purpose ; husliigai, my will. 
 huso, or iss ka huso, v.i., despair ; 
 
 husta, wan husau. 
 husad, m.n., despair. — kL 
 hushu', f.n., applause. — di. 
 hushu', v.i., be applauded, be 
 
 merry. 
 u hushu'i, v.tr., applaud, 
 husur, a. and m.n., deep, depth, 
 
 deepness. — ki ; baddi wa liu- 
 
 sur, the sea is deep. 
 huwad, f-n., power. — di. 
 huwadleh, a., powerful. 
 
 K. 
 
 ka, ki, ku, art., the {aff.). 
 
 ka, ki, ker, dem.a.pm., this or 
 
 that ; 
 kan, kas, this or that ; 
 kuer, kuas, these or those ; 
 kuan, kuakan, these ; 
 
 kui, kui, kuas, those ; 
 
 ko, kuo, that, those, yon, yonder. 
 
 kai, kaiga, kaigi, poss.adj.pm., 
 
 my, mine; wa kaigi, it is mine. 
 ka, kaga, kagi, thy, thine, 
 k', kis, kisa, kisi, his. 
 ked, keda, kedi, her, hers. 
 kaya, kayaga, kayagi, our, ours 
 
 (mine and theirs). 
 ken, kena, keni, our, ours (yours 
 
 and mine). 
 kin, kina, kini, your, yours. 
 kod, koda, kodi, their, theirs. 
 ke? keba? kuma? kuama? int. 
 
 prn., who? what? nioke? what 
 
 man? 
 ku, pers.pi-n., thee, to him, her, 
 
 them, by him, her, them. 
 ku, kugu, pers.pi-n., to thee, l)y 
 
 thee. 
 ku, prp., to, in, at, for, on, 
 
 with. 
 ka, pen.prn.., from thee, you, him, 
 
 her, them ; ka, ad., than ; ka, 
 
 prp., against, from. 
 ka', v.i., awake, wake, get up, 
 
 rise; ka'a, wan ke'i; sara — 
 
 and so — , get up ; u ka', get 
 
 up for, go to. 
 ke'i, v.tr., wake, awake ; ka — , 
 
 awake them all. 
 kab, f.n,, sandal, shoe, bootj 
 
 slipper. — ti, 
 kab, v.tr., mend, repair (is used 
 
 for all things). 
 kabahala, o., bare-footed ; ninki 
 
 kabahalaa, the bare - footed 
 
 man. 
 kabatol, m.n., shoemaker. — ki, 
 
 — yo. 
 
 G 2 
 
KAB 
 
 84 
 
 KAL 
 
 kaba tolai, m.n., shoemaker, 
 means also aw], gimlet. — hi. 
 
 (nin) kabo wein, a., large-fouted 
 man ; ninki kabaha weina. 
 
 kabo weinan, f.n., lnrgeness of 
 feet or of shoes. — ti ; kaba 
 weinanta na^aha Somalied 
 eg ! look ! how large the So- 
 mali women's sandals are. 
 
 kabaasaya, vi.n., tree producing 
 red dye. — M. 
 
 kabad, m.n., stool with three legs 
 (see gambad). — ki. 
 
 kabad, m.n., cupboard. — ^ki; ka- 
 badka ku gur, put in the cup- 
 board. 
 
 kabadai, m.n., traveller, peddler. 
 — M; nin kabadaab, a man 
 travelling alone in the jungle. 
 
 kabadai, v.i., travel. 
 
 kabal, m.n., one of the two poles 
 used for making the entrance 
 of a Somali hut. — ki. 
 
 kaballo, f.n. (plur. of kabal), the 
 two poles (or dig doho) tied 
 together thus X> to be put on 
 the camel. 
 
 kabtan, m.n., captain of a ship, 
 steamer. — ki. 
 
 kabubiyo, f.n., cramp, numbness. 
 
 kadalob, w.n., sitting on the 
 heels, squatting. — ki. 
 
 kadalob, v.i., be squat. 
 
 kadalobso, v.r., squat. 
 
 (u) kadi, v.i., wait for; i kadi, 
 wait for me ; u kadi, wait for 
 him. 
 
 kadsi, m.n., patience, waiting. — 
 
 gi.. 
 kadsileb, a., patient. 
 
 kadso, v.i., have patience. 
 
 (nin) kadsanla, a., impatient; 
 ninkasi wa kadsanlayahai, 
 that man is impatient. 
 
 kadi, /.»., urine. — di. 
 
 kadi, v.i., piss ; kadsha, wan 
 kadshi ; so — , go to .... 
 
 kadshahais, f.n., bladder. — ti. 
 
 kadin, m.n.. flock, herd. — ^ki ; 
 kadin fardaah, lo'ah, gelah, 
 a herd of horses, cows, caniels. 
 
 ka'din, f.n., gallop (at full speed). 
 — ti. 
 
 ka'dlai, v.i., trot. 
 
 ka'dlo, f.n., trot. 
 
 kafan, f.n., coffin, white sheet in 
 which Somals tie up their dead. 
 — ti. 
 
 kafir, or koM, m.n., apostate. — ■ 
 ki. 
 
 kafar, v.i., apostatize ; ka&a, 
 wan kafri. 
 
 kii&an, f.n., apostaey. — ti. 
 
 kaftan, m.n., joke, jest, wit, fun. 
 — ki. 
 
 kaftan, v.i., joke, amuse, fun ; 
 kaftama, wan kaftami. 
 
 kahai, v.tr., lead, take to (a place, 
 a person); so — , take, bring 
 (towards me); kala — , sepa- 
 rate, detach ; labada nin e 
 dagalamaya kala kahai, sepa- 
 rate the two men who are 
 fighting. 
 
 kal {root), time, year ; — dambe, 
 next year ; — bore, last year. 
 
 kala, ad., apart (this word is used 
 for pointing out division, sepii- 
 ration) ; laba wil o kala amu- 
 san, two sulky boys ; kas iyo 
 
KAL 
 
 85 
 
 KAB 
 
 kan kalana, tliat and tlie 
 other. 
 kalad, f.n., tusk of the wild hog. 
 
 — di. 
 kalah, m.n., wooden water-cup, 
 
 mug. — ^hi, — ^yo. 
 kalai, v.i., come (used as a call) ; 
 kalaiya («ee imo, come) ; ka 
 daba — , vir., follow ; la — , 
 bring, fetch (only used in the 
 imperative) ; see ken, bring. 
 kaleh, a., other ; ka — , ki — , 
 ku — , the other ; mid — , 
 another ; mar — and gor — , 
 a<i;ain, another time ; mar kaleh. 
 fleh, repeat, say again ; o — , 
 the same, like ; kursigas o 
 kaleh i ken, bring me a chair 
 the same as that one, or like 
 that one ; ku kaleh o la midah 
 i ken, or ku kaleh o 'aiukasah 
 i ken, bring me another of the 
 same kind. 
 kalil, f.n., hot weather before the 
 
 S.W. monsoon. — shi. 
 kalshin, f.n. — ^ti (see galsho). 
 kalun, m.n., Ush. — ^ki. 
 kalumaisato, f.n., fishing-boat. 
 kane'o, f.n., mosquito, gnats, 
 
 midge. 
 
 kanun, m.n. — ^ki (see hanun, rule). 
 
 kar, v.i. and auxil.verb, (be) able; 
 
 wahhad samain kartid samai, 
 
 or intad kartid samai, do wiiat 
 
 you can. 
 
 ma karO; n.v., I am unable, I 
 
 cannot ; ma kartid, thou art 
 
 unable, thou canst not ; isagu 
 
 ma karo, he is unable; kari 
 
 wahyai, 1 cannot, I could not 
 
 (they say so only after having 
 tried to do a thing and having 
 failed) ; kari wah, he cannot, 
 he could not ; hudi kari wah, 
 he could not carry. 
 
 wah an la karin, a., impossible, 
 unintelligible, means also mi- 
 racle ; etaigas wa wah an la 
 karin, that word is unintelli- 
 gible. 
 
 la ma kar, a., impossible; wa la 
 ma kar, it is impossible. 
 
 la ma karo, a., impossible (to be 
 done); wahhas la ma karo, 
 that cannot be done. 
 
 kamin, f.n., ability, capacity, 
 power. — ^tl. 
 
 kar, m.n., boiling. — kL 
 
 kar, v.imp., it boils ; gor dow 
 biyuhu wai kari, after a while 
 the water will boil ; 'anaha 
 or 'anuhu wa kari donan, the 
 milk will boil ; imiuka 'anihi 
 or 'antihu wa karayan, now 
 the milk is boiling ; 'auahi, 
 biyihi karai, the milk, the 
 water is boiled. 
 
 kari, v.tr., boil, cook. 
 
 karsan, a.v., boiled. 
 
 deriya karis, or sor karis, m.n., 
 coik (man). — ki, — yo. 
 
 kar, v.ir., mend, patch ; marada 
 kar, mend the clothes. 
 
 karrin, f.n., patch (piece of cloth 
 or linen for mending clothes). 
 — ^ti; karrintasa hadai, that 
 piece remains. 
 
 karamad, f.n., grace. — di. 
 
 karani, m.n., clerk (in some 
 office). — gL 
 
KAB 
 
 86 
 
 KIT 
 
 karau, v.ir., defend, protect, mas- 
 ter ; kareba, wan karebi ; 
 inankasi dasturta htm karau, 
 master the evil habits of that 
 boy ; iss — , defend yourself. 
 
 karbask, w,.n., scourging, flagel- 
 lation. — ki. 
 
 karur, f.n., camel's milk become 
 .'our. — ti. 
 
 kashif, v.tr., defame. 
 
 kashif, m.n., defamation. — ki. 
 
 ka'si, m.n., masturbation. — gi. 
 
 ka'si, v.i., masturbate. 
 
 ka'so, v.r., masturbate yourself. 
 
 kasta, num., every (has the same 
 meaning as walba, but has a 
 more affirmative sense). 
 
 katun, m.n., ring. — ki. 
 
 kau, f.n., killing, or knocking 
 down with a club. — di. 
 
 ka kausi, v.tr., kill at once. 
 
 kaudek, v.i., die suddenly (used 
 as a curse) ; kau ban odan, I 
 will die suddenly ; kau bu 
 yidi, he died suddenly ; h.a 
 kau yidaMo, let him die sud- 
 denly. 
 
 kawir, v.tr., launch ; sahemada 
 kawira, take (ye) the boat to 
 the sea. 
 
 kebed, f.n., kind of carpet used 
 by Somals for covering their 
 huts, and as pack saddles for 
 their camels. 
 
 kebrid, f.n., match (lucifer), sul- 
 phur. — di, — yo. 
 
 kelbad, f.n., hinge (of a door). — 
 di. 
 
 keli, num., single, alone. — gi, — 
 di, inflected with the poss.prn. ; 
 
 wa kelidi, he is a solitary man ; 
 nin keliab, a single man. 
 
 kelli, f.n., kidney. — di, 
 
 kellyaleh, or kellya badan, m.n., 
 a clever, courageous, brave man. 
 
 ken, v.ir., bring, fetch (see geij ; 
 i ken, bring me ; war — , in- 
 form, bring news ; ka war — , 
 bring news from, ascertain ; 
 inna kena, inna mariya, inna 
 marsba, inna wada, inna ke- 
 haiya, (all these expressions 
 mean) let us go. 
 
 kibir, v.i., be proud ; kibra, wan 
 kibri. 
 
 kibir, m.n., pride, vanity. — M. 
 
 kibirsan, a.v., proud, vain; adigu 
 wa Mbirsantabai, thuu ait 
 vain. 
 
 kibis,/.n., bread, loaf, unleavened 
 bread. — ti; some say kimis. — 
 ti; kibis diran,new bread, breiid 
 still warm ; kibis kulid, hut 
 bread ; kiljis babow, stale 
 bread. 
 
 kidar, m,.n., unleavened bread 
 made of jowaree flour. — ^ki. 
 
 kilkilo, f.n., arm-pit, arm-hole. 
 
 kintob, m.n., hemorrhoids, piles. 
 — ki, — yo. 
 
 kiro, f.n., rent, hire (of a house). 
 
 kirai, v.tr., hire, let. 
 
 kiraiso, v.r., hire (for yourself). 
 
 kish, m.n., pocket, bag, puvsi^, 
 money-case (of linen), envelope. 
 — ki. 
 
 kisbad, f.n., leathern purse (as 
 Somals ordinarily use). — di, 
 
 kitab, m.n., book. — ki, — yo or 
 kutub. 
 
KOB 
 
 87 
 
 KKt 
 
 kobi, m.n., cabbage. — gi. 
 
 kobo', a., chubby ; iMahas wa 
 kobo', thnt is a chubby child ; 
 'ilma kobai', a chubby ehikl 
 able to sit down- and stand. 
 
 kod, m.n., eye-brow (hair and 
 bone). — ki. 
 
 kol, m.n., time, once. — ki. 
 
 kolka, conj., when. 
 
 kolma? ad., when? 
 
 kolki hore, ad., formerly. 
 
 kolkol, ad., sometimes. 
 
 kol badan, ad., often, many 
 times, 
 
 kol walba, ad., always^ daily. 
 
 kol kaleb, ad., twice, another 
 time. 
 
 koUeh, and kollehba, ad., by all 
 means, absolutely, by no means ; 
 kolleh. tag, you have to eo, 
 you must go ; kolleb. Adan 
 tegi maisid, by no means are 
 you to go to Aden (refusal) . 
 
 kolla, ad., never. 
 
 kolai, m.n., basket. — gi. 
 
 kolombai, or kulambai, m.n., a 
 kind of tufted, crested eagle. — 
 di. 
 
 konton, num., fifty. — ki. 
 
 kontomad, num., fiftieth. 
 
 konton madafto, f.n., phalanx. 
 
 kor, prp., over, up ; kor u had, 
 lift up, take up. 
 
 kor, v.i., climb, mount, be edu- 
 cated, grow, grow up ; burta 
 kor, climb up the mountain. 
 kor jir, or kor jog, m.n., guard, 
 outpost, sentinel, watchman. — 
 ki, — gi, — yo. 
 la kor, v.i., be brought up, be 
 
 educated with ; inanki sul- 
 danka wan la korai, I have 
 been brought up with the 
 sultan's son. 
 
 kori, v.tr., educate, bring up, 
 adopt ,; inankas kori, adopt 
 that boy. 
 
 la koriyai, a., adoptive. 
 
 la kori, v.fr., help him to edu- 
 cate ; i la kori, help me to 
 educate. 
 
 koris, m.n., education, training. 
 — ki. 
 
 korod, m.n., gain, profit, augment. 
 ki, — yo. 
 
 kordi, v.tr., augment, benefit, in- 
 crease, give or put more ; i 
 kordi, give me more ; bariska 
 i kordi, give me more rice. 
 
 kordiso, vr., gain (for yourself) ; 
 kordista, wan kordisan. 
 
 kordis, m.n., augmentation, gain, 
 increase. — ki. 
 
 korubodo, f.n., kind of game 
 (nearly the same as draughts). 
 
 korai, or kora, m.n., saddle. — hi, 
 
 korai, v.tr., saddle ; faraska i 
 korai, saddle the horse for 
 me. 
 
 kormai, or korma, m.n., male 
 horse, stallion. — hi. 
 
 koron, m.n., big, large or fat 
 camel (castrated one), eunuch. 
 — ki, 
 
 koron koro, f.n,, field cricket, 
 locust, grasshopper. 
 
 kow, num., one. 
 
 kowad, num., first; ki — , the 
 first. 
 
 kristan, m.n., Christian. — ki. 
 
KUB 
 
 88 
 
 KUR 
 
 kub, m.n., parb of the leg (below 
 
 the knee). — ki. 
 kubad, or hubad, f.n., cupola, 
 
 ball.— di. " 
 kubo, f.n., caecum, blind gut. 
 kad, m.n., plague, pest. — ki. 
 kud, v.i., may you die (of pest). 
 kud, m.n., sodomy. — ki. 
 kud, v.i., practise sodomy ; iuan- 
 
 ka kud. 
 kud ! int., used in driving sheep 
 
 and other animals. 
 kudkudai or da, m.n., camel's 
 
 tick, sand-bug. — hi. 
 kuf, v.i., fall, tumble ; aurkaigi 
 
 ba kufai, or iga kufai, my 
 
 camel fell ; dagah ban ku ku- 
 fai, I fell against, on a stone. 
 kufi, V.C., make him fall, 
 kufnin, f.n., fall.— ti. 
 kufso, v.tr., violate, break, ravish ; 
 
 kufsada, wan kufsan ; gabad- 
 
 das wa la kufsadai, that girl 
 
 was violated. 
 kufsan, a.v., violated. 
 kuflad, or kofiad, f.n., hat, cap. 
 
 — di. 
 kug, fn., upper part of the skull. 
 
 — ti {see dalo). 
 kul, m.n., heat. — ki. 
 kulul, or kulaiL, a., warm, hot ; 
 
 wan kululahai, I feel warm ; 
 
 wa kulail, it is hot. 
 kulal, V.T., warm yourself. 
 kulalai, v.tr., heat, make warm, 
 
 hot. 
 inda kul, f.n., antimony, colly- 
 
 rinm. — shi. 
 kul, f.n., kind of necklace of the 
 
 Somali women. — shi. 
 
 kulan, f.n., kind of tree and its 
 
 fruit. — ti. 
 kulan, m.n., meeting (act of). — 
 
 ki. 
 la kulan, v.tr., meet ; la kulma, 
 
 wan la kulmi; hebel ba la 
 
 kulmai, I met such a one. 
 kulli, num., all (see gidi). 
 kumbis, m.n., piece of fat meat 
 
 roasted a little in the deri.— ^ 
 
 ki, — yo. 
 kumbul, m.n., blanket. — ki. 
 kun, num., thousand. — ki. 
 kur, f.n., hill. — ti ; kurtan u 
 
 sarai, I took him to the hill. 
 kurai, m.n., boy (big). — gi. 
 ku yar, m.n., small boy ; ku yar- 
 
 yar, small boys ; ki yara, the 
 
 small boy. 
 kurankur, f.n., ankle-bone, knee- 
 pan. 
 kurbo, v.i., shiver, shudder. 
 kurbad, m.n., shivering, shudder. 
 
 — ki. 
 kured, m.n., very hard stone used 
 
 for hammering and driving 
 
 stakes into the ground, and 
 
 also for sharpening knives and 
 
 axes. — ki. 
 kuriyai, v.i., fold sheep and 
 
 cattle, arrange something in 
 
 the form of a ball. 
 kuriyaisan, a.v., spherical. 
 kuriyaisnan, f.n., sphere. 
 kurun, f.n., hill, rising ground. 
 
 — ti. 
 kurundalo, f.n., uneven route, 
 
 way. 
 kurus, m.n., camel's hump. — ^ki, 
 
 — yo. 
 
ktiruska ! int., cry of sellers in 
 
 the streets. 
 kiirsi, m.n., chair. — gi ; kurasi 
 
 {plur. Arabic used by some 
 
 Somals). 
 kus, v.i., fold something in the 
 
 form of a ball. 
 kus, m.n., lump, mass. — ki (see 
 
 fud). 
 kusad, f.n., water-jug. — di. 
 kutan, f.n., bug. — ti. 
 
 89 IBS 
 
 i, used with its appropriate con- 
 sonant as an affix for art. "the " ; 
 
 dem. a., "this, that," and^os*. 
 
 a.prn. " his," and with nouns 
 
 to express generality, 
 i, pers.prn., me, to me. 
 igu, pers.prn., to me, by me. 
 iga, pers.prn., from me. 
 isagu, isaga, pers.prn., he, him ; 
 
 isagu isaga wa u tegi dona, 
 
 he will go to him. 
 iyo, iyadu, iyada, pers.prn., she, 
 
 her. 
 innagu, iimaga, pers.prn., we, 
 
 us. 
 idin, idinku, edinka, pers.prn., 
 
 you. 
 iyo, iyagu, iyaga, pers.prn., 
 
 they, them, from them. 
 'i, v.i., cry, bark, cackle {see 
 
 'ei). 
 
 'i, f.n., crying, barking, cry of 
 nearly all animals. 
 
 lb ! lb ! ib ! iro ! int., loud shout 
 (in playing). 
 
 ib, f.n., nipple, teat, spring (of 
 water), canal of urine. — ti. 
 
 ib, m.n., buying, sale, price. — ki 
 (there is a great difference be- 
 tween gana' (price) and ib 
 (price), gana' ma laha having 
 no price, in the sense of being 
 useless, or worth nothing); ib 
 ma laha, invaluable ; Ebbahai 
 abalgudkisu ib ma laka, God's 
 reward is invaluable (i.e. can- 
 not be paid for). 
 
 ibi, v.tr., buy and sell. — ya or 
 ibsha ; faras ibi, buy a horse ; 
 faraskaga ibi, sell your horse; 
 faraskaiga ma ibin ? will you 
 buy my horse ? faraskaga ma 
 ibin ? will you sell your horse ? 
 SO — , v.tr., go and buy, go and 
 sell ; faraskas so ibi, go and 
 buy that horse ; ushaida had 
 so ibi, take my stick and go 
 to sell it ; basal so ibi, go and 
 buy onions ; faraskisa ma so 
 ibin ? will you go and buy, or 
 will you go and sell his horse ; 
 warmahas ma ibinaisa? are 
 you buying, or are you selling 
 those spears. 
 
 ibso, v.tr., buy, sell (for yourself) ; 
 kitab ibso, buy a book ; ki- 
 tabkas ibso, sell that book (the 
 money will be for you) ; sar- 
 rirtatan ma ibsanaisa ? will 
 you sell this bed % mindiyahas 
 ma ibsanaisa? will you buy 
 
IBS 
 
 90 
 
 IFT 
 
 those knives 1 so — , go and 
 Luy, or sell (for you) ; abal- 
 gudkagi sarrirtatam u hado o 
 so ibso, for your reward take 
 this bed and sell it. 
 
 ibsan, v. imp., be sold ; wai ib- 
 sami, it will be sold. 
 
 ibsan, a.v., bought, sold ; wa la 
 ibsan, it is bought, sold ; fa- 
 raskaigi wa faras ibsan, e 
 mid an so hadai maha, my 
 horse is a bought horse, and 
 not a stolen one. 
 
 ma ibsana, a.v., unsold. 
 
 ibsanaw, v.att., be bought or sold. 
 
 nin wah ibiya or ibsha, a seller ; 
 ninki wah ibiya, the seller. 
 
 ibadad, f.n., devotion, piety. — 
 di. 
 
 (nin) ibadad ja'el, or ibadad 
 badan, devout, fervent man ; 
 ninki ibadadda ja'la or badna, 
 the devout, fervent man. 
 
 ibrih, m.n., pot, vessel. — hi. 
 
 'id, f.n., individual, person, any- 
 body, anyone. — di ; 'id ma 
 timi ? has anybody come 1 'id 
 ma iman, or 'iddi ma iman, 
 or 'iddina ma iman, nobody 
 came; 'iddina ma jogto, no- 
 body is here. 
 
 'idla, a., desert, uninhabited, un- 
 occupied ; burtas wa 'idla, 
 that mountain is desert, un- 
 inhabited. 
 
 'idla, or 'idla 'ir sila, f.n., jungle, 
 desert, or calm, tranquillity of 
 the desert. — di; 'idladi bahal 
 ba ka buhai, the jungle is full 
 of wild beasts. 
 
 'id, f.n., sand. — di. 
 
 'id, v.tr., celebrate (a feast). 
 
 'id, f.n., feast (holiday). — di. 
 
 idan, m.n., censer, vase in which 
 incense is burnt for perfuming. 
 — ki. 
 
 'idan, m.n., helper, coming to the 
 rescue of combatants. — ki. 
 
 'idami, v.tr., go, run to the re.«icne. 
 
 'idib, f.n., heel. — ^ti {see 'edib). 
 
 idil, a., complete, all, entire ; dad 
 badan idll, the entire popula- 
 tion ; malin o idil, or malin 
 idil, all day long ; shalo idil, 
 all yesterday. 
 
 idlai, v.tr., abolish, accomplish, 
 complete, finish, waste (money); 
 dinta idlai, abolish the reli- 
 gion ; shuhulka idlai, fini.«h 
 your work ; la'agtada idlai, 
 waste your money. 
 
 idlow, v.i., abut, finish ; danga 
 Bnlahar ku idlada, the way 
 ends at Bnlahar. 
 
 idlan, or idlain, f.n., abolish- 
 ment, finishing.— ti. 
 
 an idlan la hain, or an idlan ha 
 lahain, endless. 
 
 idin, f.n., tanned skin of an 
 antelope or gazelle, used for 
 making charms or amulets. — 
 ti. 
 
 u idin, v.tr., authorize, empower ; 
 idma, wan idmi ; ha la idmo, 
 let him be authorized. 
 
 ido, m.n., sheep ; hilib idad, 
 mutton (flesh). 
 
 if, m.n., light, earth. — ki. 
 
 iftin, m.n., light. — ki, — yo ; if- 
 tinki horahda, the sunlight. 
 
TPT 
 
 91 
 
 ILA 
 
 iftimi, v.tr., light. 
 
 'ifrid, m.n., devil, evil spirit. — 
 ki. 
 
 il, f.n., eye, fountain, sprins; (of 
 water).— shi; indo (plur.). 
 
 ilia, a., one-eyed ; nin ilia, a one- 
 eyed man ; ninki ishalaa, the 
 one-eyed raan. 
 
 isha balkeda sarai, and isha 
 balkeda hosai, the eyelash 
 ■ (upper and lower). 
 
 isha bo^ ku leh, eyesore. 
 
 isha buhdeda, iris of the eye ; 
 indaha buhdoda, the iris of 
 the eyes. 
 
 isha inankeda, or isha wilkeda, 
 the pupil of the eye, eye-ball. 
 
 il yaro, f.n., fistula lacrymalig. 
 
 (nin) indala, a., blind ; ninki 
 indalaa, the blind man ; nagti 
 indalaid, the blind woman. 
 
 indalaan, f.n., blindness. — ti. 
 
 (nin) il der, a., long-sighted. 
 
 il deran, f.n., long sight. — ti. 
 
 (nin) inda flhan, a good-sighted 
 man. 
 
 (nin) indo iss dafsan, a squint- 
 eyed man. 
 
 indo haUohan, a wry eye. 
 
 il ma halul, squinting. 
 
 ashharah, one-eyed, squint-eyed, 
 or goggle-eyed. 
 
 indaha ashhar, v.i., goggle ; wil- 
 kasi indiihu ashhari dona, 
 that boy will goggle ; ninkasi 
 induhu ashharaiya, thut man 
 goggles. 
 
 il daran, short-sighted, myope, 
 means also a dying man, i.e. who 
 has already his eyes veiled. 
 
 indai, v.fr., observe, look at 
 them ; halaito hedigihi ban 
 indaiyai, last night I observed 
 the stars. 
 
 indo (eyes), m.n., observation. — 
 hi; indahaigi, or ishaidi, my 
 observation ; ishayadi, our ob- 
 servation. 
 
 isha ku 'adai, or isha or indo ku 
 tol, v.i., stare, gaze, look aC 
 (lixeilly).^ 
 
 il jebi, v.i., make known the 
 things, wink. 
 
 'il, m.n., anger, wrath. — ki ; — U 
 hab, v.i., be angry ; — • U SU- 
 run, v.i., be angry, huif, svvell 
 with anger, rage. 
 
 'il, v.tr., make angry; 'ila, wan 
 'ila ; wad i 'ilaisa, thuu 
 niakest me angry. 
 
 ka 'il bel, v.i., satisfy your anger, 
 take your revenge (until you 
 are satisKed). 
 
 'ilan, or 'ishan, a.v., angry ; nin- 
 ki 'ilia or 'ishana, the angry 
 man. 
 
 'ilow, or 'isho, or u 'isho, v.i., be 
 angry, abhor ; 'ishoda, wan 
 'ishon; wan ku 'ishon, T will 
 be angry with you ; halaito 
 ban u 'ishodai, last night I 
 was angry with him. 
 
 Ila, or Ilah, m.n., God (inflected 
 with the poss.adj.prn.) ; Ilah- 
 hai, my God. 
 
 ila, or ilama, prp., till, up tn ; 
 ila halkas, till there ; orod 
 ilama burta g^adeda, run up 
 to the top of the mountain. 
 
 ilahtan, v.i,, quarrel. 
 
IIA 
 
 92 
 
 IMI 
 
 ilais, m.n., fire-light, night-lamp. 
 
 — ki, — yo. 
 ilali, v.tr., take care, protect ; 
 
 inanka ilali, take care of the 
 
 child ; so — , go and take care ; 
 
 si — , continue to take care, to 
 
 protect. 
 ilalo, f.n., care, protection, vigi- 
 
 lancy. 
 ilalo, f.n., watchman, guard, 
 
 sentinel, spy ; — dir, send a 
 
 spy ; ilalan diri, or ilalo ban 
 
 diri, I wiJl send a spy. 
 so ilalai, or ilalo tag, v.i., scont, 
 
 reconnoitre, spy. 
 ilaw, or How, v.tr., forget ; ha 
 
 Uowbin, do not forget. 
 ilowsho, f.n., forgetfulness. 
 ilhad, f.n., silver earring=, latch 
 
 (of a door). — di ; albahka il- 
 
 haddisa, the latch of the door. 
 ilig, m.n., tooth. — gi; ilko(j)lur.). 
 'ilin, m.n., dwarf. — ^ki. 
 'ilimad, f.n., dwarf (/.). — di. 
 ilUhid, m.n., screen (anything 
 
 used in a hut as a separation). 
 
 ki, — yo. 
 iUia, m.n., entrance, gate, door of 
 
 an enclosure, a stable.— ki. 
 iUo, v.r., shoe (yourself), put 
 
 your feet in shoes, sandals. 
 'ilmi, m.n., knowledge of the 
 
 written book (Coran). — gi. 
 ilmo, f.n., tear; eg! ilmo indi- 
 
 Msa ka imanaisa or ka oraisa 
 
 or dareiraisa or ka da'aisa, 
 
 look ! a tear flows from his 
 
 eyes. 
 ilmo, mn., child, hahy. — ^hi ; — 
 
 ayal, or ilmayaw (plur.). 
 
 ilma abti, cousin (from maternal 
 
 uncle) ; Uma aljti ya bannu 
 
 uahai, we are cousins. 
 ilma ader, cousin (from paternnl 
 
 uncle) ; ilma ader ya bannu 
 
 nahai, we are cousins. 
 ina abtigai, or ina aderkai, my 
 
 cousin ; ilma abtiyashai, or 
 
 ilma; aderadai, my cousins ; 
 
 ilma abtiyashai, or aderadai 
 
 ban so egaya, 1 wish to go and 
 
 see my cousins, 
 ilma nasaha jaha, sucking child. 
 ilma koba'ai, chubby chdd. 
 ilma dalinah or dalimah, spoiled, 
 
 teasing child. 
 ilma hnn, spoiled, corrupted 
 
 child.' 
 ina, m.and/.«., son, daughter; ina 
 
 Abdul, Abdul's son cn-daughter; 
 
 — walalkai, nephew, niecR ; 
 
 — ader, cousin ; walalkai ba 
 dalai, my nephew; walashai 
 ba dashai, my niece. 
 
 inan, m.n., son, pupil, boy. — ki. 
 
 inan, f.n., daughter, girl, lady 
 (young).— ti. 
 
 imamad, f.n., turban. — di. 
 
 imamad, v.tr., arrange his turban 
 (used with the pronouns) ; wan 
 u, ku imamadi, I will arrange 
 his, your turban. 
 
 iman, f.n., oath, swearing. — ti. 
 
 imansi, v.i., swear (used with the 
 pronouns); iman ban ku sin, 
 I swear to you. 
 
 iman, m.n., leader of the Mussul- 
 man prayer. — ki. 
 
 imin. — ka, — ki, ad., now (see 
 aminka). 
 
IMI 
 
 93 
 
 'IR 
 
 iminkada, nA., just now. 
 
 imisa, oi' imsa ? ad., how much % 
 how many ? imisa jix bad ta- 
 hai ? what is your age ? 
 
 imo, ?;.«., come (kalai is ordinarily 
 vised in the 2nd pers. sing, of 
 the imperative mood instead 
 of imo, not commonly used); 
 haddada imo, come at that 
 time. 
 
 imatin, m.n., coming. — ki. 
 
 imad, m.n., arrival. — ki. 
 
 in, conj., that ; inan tago, that 
 I go ; bal — , if ; bal an ego 
 in Fara so so'odo, I will see, 
 or let me see if Fara is coming. 
 
 in, /.n., part, piece, bit, some ; 
 in i si, give me some. 
 
 in yar, /.m., little piece, particle ; 
 inti yaraid, the particle. 
 
 inta, ad., as much, so much, 
 until ; tagno intan imanaya, 
 m ila intan imanaya, renjain 
 st-aiiiling until I come ; intasan 
 haista, I have so much ; wa 
 inta, it is so much ; inta leh. 
 eg, like, of that size ; mid inta 
 leh eg, one of that size, or one 
 like I hat; intada in leh eg 
 ban haista, or intad o kalan 
 baista, I have as much as you; 
 intas kaleh ma haisata, 
 have you as much? intas 
 kalan haista, I have so much. 
 
 intan u, ad., before ; intan u ku 
 odan, before he told them. 
 
 indal, /.«., thons;. — shi. 
 
 indolai, m.n., (all the) skull. — hi. 
 
 ingeg, v.i., be or become dry, 
 wither ; bertasi wa ingegaisa, 
 
 that tree becomes dry, or is 
 withering. 
 
 ingegan, a.v., dry. 
 
 (nin) alol ingeganleh, a., a con- 
 stipated man, 
 
 alol ingegnan, /.«., constipation. 
 — ti. 
 
 ingeji, v.tr., dry ; darka ingeji, 
 dry the clothes. 
 
 ingris, m.n., English. — ki; ninki 
 ingriskaaha teg, the English- 
 man lias gone. 
 
 inkar, f.n., malediction, abomi- 
 nation. — ti; Ilah inkartisi ba 
 ku da'dai, the malediction of 
 God fell upon him. 
 
 (nin) inkaran, or inkarsan, or 
 inkar haba, a., a cursed, aho- 
 minable man ; Kain inkar bu 
 habai, Cain was cursed. 
 
 inkar, v.tr., malediction, curse. 
 
 inkir, v.tr., refuse. 
 
 inin, f.n., seed, grain. 
 
 injil, m.n.. Gospel. — ki ; torad 
 iyo injil, Bible and Gospel. 
 
 injir, f.n., louse. — ti. 
 
 injirbodo, f.n., flea. 
 
 'iow, f.n., small owl. — di. 
 
 'ir, m.n., sky, heaven. — ki. 
 
 'ir sila,/.?i., calm, tranquillity. — 
 di; habenka 'ir siladisi ba 
 ina bajisai, the calm of the 
 night frightened us. 
 
 'ir, f.n., food contained in the 
 stomach. — ti; — wein, greedy, 
 gluttonous ; ninki 'irta wei- 
 naid, the greedy man ; — yar, 
 abstemious, temperatn. 
 
 'ir weini, or 'ir weinan, f.n., 
 greediness, gluttony. — di, — ti. 
 
IR 
 
 04 
 
 JAB 
 
 ir, /.«., buttermilk, whey. — ti. 
 
 irmaii, m.n., milch cow. — ki. 
 
 irbad, f.n , needle, pin. — di. 
 
 'iro, f.n., fog, mist, sand-storm. 
 
 'iraisan, a., foggy, misty ; burti 
 'irasnaid, the foggy nioun- 
 tiiin. 
 
 'irro, f.n., -white, grey beard, 
 grf-y hair. 
 
 'ishai, m.n., fifth time of prayer, 
 at about 7 o'clock in the even- 
 ing. — M. 
 
 islan, m.n., old man. — ki. 
 
 islan, f.n., wife, old woman. — 
 ti. 
 
 isnin, f.n., Monday. — ti. 
 
 iss, reflex.prn., self (this word is 
 also used as a noun, iss — • ki 
 ninkasu iss kisu u so'onaya, 
 that man is walking of his own 
 accord, but it is especially used 
 with the verb and preposition 
 ka); — la, the same; issla 
 magaladi, the same town, 
 place. 
 
 Issa, Jesus. 
 
 ital, m.n., strength. — ki ; Hah 
 ba ital u yeli or ital sin, God 
 will give strength ; ital u yel, 
 give him strength ; Hah ba 
 ital leh, the strength belong.s 
 to God ; italkaiga wah ba ka 
 da'a, my strength decays ; 
 italka runta, the force of 
 truth. 
 
 iinyo, word used by children in 
 refusing (is the same as ma 
 dono, I will not). 
 
 iyo, conj., and. 
 
 J. 
 
 ja'ail, m.n., affection, charity, 
 love. — ki; ja'ailkan Ebbahai 
 u habo, the love I have for God. 
 
 ja'alaw, v.tr., love, like, prefer. 
 
 ha ja'alan, v.tr., do not love, 
 dislike ; anigu ma ja'ali, I do 
 not like. 
 
 ja'alan, or ja'lan, f.n., affection, 
 friendship, kindness. — ti. 
 
 iss ja'alan, f.n., self-love, selfish- 
 ness.— ti ; iss ja'alantu, or 
 ja'alantisa iss u habo, wa la 
 yahan, or ad ba lo yahan, his 
 selfishness, or the love he has 
 for himself is well kTiown ; 
 ja'alantan iss u habo, my 
 selfishness. 
 
 ma ja'alan, f.n., dislike, aversion, 
 — ti. 
 
 (nin) dagal ja'el, a., warlike, 
 pugnacious. 
 
 (nin) 'ibadad ja'el, a., devout, 
 fervent, pious. 
 
 iss ja'el, a., selfish ; wai iss ja'el- 
 yihin, they are selfish. 
 
 ja'elnimo, f.n., friendship. 
 
 jal, m.n., friend, associate. — ki. 
 
 jab, and ka jab, and jajab, v.tr., 
 be, broken, cheap ; lug ban ka 
 jabai, or lug ba i jabtai, I 
 have broken my leg. (As a 
 kind of curse they use the fol- 
 lowing expression : ga'an or 
 lug ka jab, Ebbaliai ban ku 
 bariyai or bariyaya, I pray 
 God that your hand or foot 
 may be broken.) 
 
JAB 
 
 95 
 
 JED 
 
 jabau, «.«., broken, cheap ; ga- 
 rabkisu wa jabau yabai, his 
 shoulder is broken ; barisku 
 wa jabanyabai, rice is cliaap; 
 bariski jeb, riue became cheap. 
 
 jab, jajab, m.n,, potsherd. — ki, 
 — ab, — yo. 
 
 jebi, jejebi, v.tr., break, and 
 lireak iu pieces. 
 
 jabnin, /.M., fracture. — ti. 
 
 gana' jabau, a., cheap. 
 
 gana' jebi, v.tr., cheapen. 
 
 jabti, /.«., gonorrhoea. — dii 
 
 jab, m.n,, forehead, visage, coun- 
 tenance. — ^hi, — yo. 
 
 jahhaururi, or jahhur, vd.,im-wn. 
 
 jab, m.n., North pole-star. 
 
 jab, or jeb, half ; gambo iyo jab 
 or jeb, one anna and a half. 
 
 jahas, f.n., crocodile. — ti. 
 
 jab, v.i., suck (said of children 
 and animals). 
 
 jaha, m.n., sucking. — ^hi; inanka 
 jahibisa eg ! see ! the child is 
 sucking. 
 
 jableh, m.n., disease of kids and 
 lambs. — ^hi. 
 
 jalabad, f.n., pitcher. — di. 
 
 jalalah, v.tr., attack, plunder. 
 
 jalalaha, m.n., attack, plunder. — 
 hi. " 
 
 jalbeb, f.n., amusement, play. 
 
 jalbebi, or jalbebsi, v.tr., amuse, 
 divert. 
 
 jalbebo, v.i., play, amuse your- 
 self; jalbebta. 
 
 jalilad, f.n., bullet. — di. 
 
 jama', m.n , congregation of 
 ])e(iple assembled for prayer. — 
 hi. 
 
 jamadar, m.n., chief of police. — 
 ki. 
 
 jainala, m.n., earthpn Arab coffee- 
 pot {see jemelad). 
 
 jan, m.n., a plain of dry mud in 
 which there is no sand, burn- 
 ing of the feet (in passing on 
 that plain when heated by the 
 sun). — ^ki. 
 
 jan, f.n., sound of footsteps, old 
 and bad shoes or sandals, any 
 piece of leather used for mend- 
 ing the soles of shoes and 
 sandals. — ti. 
 
 jangeli, or jingili, m.n., country- 
 man, churl. — gi. 
 
 janjed, m.n., irregularity of a line. 
 — ki ; kursiga wa janjedah, 
 the chair is not straight (is 
 awry) . 
 
 janjed, v.i., be awry. 
 
 janjedi, v.tr., put awry. 
 
 janno, f.n., heaven, paradise. 
 
 jar, v.tr., cut, saw, abrogate, 
 rescind. 
 
 jar, m.n., brink of a mountain, 
 cliff, equilibrium of weighing 
 scales. — ^ki. 
 
 jar ka da', v.i., lose the equili- 
 brium, come into trouble. 
 
 jara', m.n., reed, bamboo. — hi, 
 
 — yo. 
 
 jarrai, or jarra, m.n., halter (of 
 
 hor.=es). — ^bi. 
 jarra bar, v.i., master a horse, 
 jawab, f.n., answer. — ti. 
 jed, v.tr., wait to look at (root); 
 
 u — , look at, await, expect ; 
 
 ninka u jed, look at that man; 
 
 haggad u jeda? what are you 
 
JED 
 
 96 
 
 .TIP 
 
 looking at 1 means also where 
 are y i u going 1 wahhan. u jeda, 
 I look at something ; mel ban 
 u jeda, I go somewhere, 
 so jed, v.i, waken, remain awake; 
 
 wan so jeda, I am awake. 
 jedi, v.tr., turn, distract ; ina- 
 mada jedi, distract the boy 
 (thit he may not see); san- 
 duhha liagga u jedi, turn the 
 Lox to that side ; SO — , turn 
 (towards me); inanka so jedi, 
 turn the boy to my side ; si — , 
 turn to a place opposite to 
 me. 
 
 jedso, v.tr., look at (for yourself); 
 hagga u jedso, look there. 
 
 jeso, v.i., turn (yourself) ; jesta, 
 wan jesan ; u — , turn to ; so 
 ■ — , turn towards me, us ; si ■ — , 
 turn away from me. 
 
 jedal, m.n., whip, lash (flogging). 
 ki (used for women and horses). 
 
 jedal, v.U:, flog, whip, scourge; 
 jedla, wan jedli. 
 
 jedal, f.n., flogging, scourging. — 
 shi. 
 
 jedali, v.tr., behold. 
 
 jegan, f.n., rainbow. — ti. 
 
 jeh, v.tr., rend, tear. 
 
 jeh, m.n., tearing, cleft, split, 
 crack. — M. 
 
 jehjeh, v.tr., tear into pieces. 
 
 jehan, a.v., torn, split, ...; ma- 
 radi wa jehantahai, the cloth 
 i~ torn. 
 
 jelelo, or jalelo, f.n., the senna 
 plant. 
 
 jemelad, f.n., earthen Arab coffee- 
 pot. — di. 
 
 jeni, m.n., foreleg(for all animals). 
 
 — gi. 
 
 jeni hor, m.n., gallop. — ki (lit. 
 throwing the foreleg). 
 
 jer, root, time ; imisa jer ? how 
 many times 1 laba, sadeh. jer, 
 two, three times. 
 
 jer, m.n., hippopotamus. — ki. 
 
 jes, m.n., hut (one family). — ki, 
 — as. (The plural jesas is used 
 for many families living near 
 each other, but not agglome- 
 rated.) 
 
 jibad, f.n., lion's roar. — di. 
 
 jibad, v.imp., roar. 
 
 jid, m.n., body, flesh, lean of 
 meat. — ^ki. 
 
 jid, m.n., path, road, way. — ^ki. 
 
 jidyaban, f.n., guide. — ^ti ; nin 
 jidka yahan i ken, bring me a 
 guide. 
 
 jid, v.tr., draw, pull, row, put 
 up, on ; markabki jidai, the 
 steamer is far off, away ; so — , 
 pull (towards me) ; si — , pull 
 from me to ; la si — adna, you 
 also pull, draw with, help ; iss 
 — , come into collision with, 
 run into, against ; labada nia 
 ba iss so jidai, the two men 
 ran one against another. 
 
 jido, v.i., run quick ; jita, wan 
 
 jidan. 
 jif, f.n., top of stiff ascent. — ^ti. 
 jif, or iss ka jif, v.i., rest, remain 
 
 .. lying, sleeping. 
 
 jifi, v.c, cause him to rest, 
 
 sleep. 
 jifso, v.i., go and sleep, lie down 
 and sleep. 
 
JIH 
 
 97 
 
 JIE 
 
 jih, m.n,, a tree the bark of which 
 
 is black. — hi. 
 jila', or jilai', m.n., fragility, 
 
 brittleness. — hi. 
 jilai'san, a.v., brittle, soft ; galas 
 
 wa jilai'san, glass is brittle; 
 
 ninkasi wa arab jilai'san 
 
 yahai, that man is eloquent, 
 
 intelligent. 
 jilal, m.n., dry season. — ^ki. 
 jUbad, /.»., heavy silver necklace 
 
 (for women). — di. 
 jilbis, m.n., viper, adder. — ki, 
 
 jilib, or jilab, m.?i., hook (for 
 fishing). — ki. This last word 
 is used by some for the rope 
 or string. 
 
 jilab, v.i., fish ; orod o so jilab, 
 go to fish. 
 
 jilabo, v.i., &sh. (for yourself). 
 
 jilabasho, f.n., fishing. 
 
 jilib, m.n., knee, tribe. — ^ki, — ^yo, 
 or jilbo ; Hussein iss ku jilib 
 bannu nahai, Hoosein and I 
 are of the same tribe. 
 
 jilba jog, v.i., remain on your 
 knees. 
 
 jilba jog, m.n., genuflexion. — hi. 
 
 jilba yaradig, v.i., kneel a little, 
 remain on your knees resting 
 with the back on your heels 
 (sandals). 
 
 jilibka dig, v.i., bend the knee. 
 
 jilba jogso, v.i., kneel. 
 
 jilif, or jidif,/.«., bark, husk. — ti; 
 bunka jiliftisa wa hashir, the 
 coffee husks are called hashir. 
 
 jima', jimai', or juma', m.n., 
 Friday. — ^hi. 
 
 jimid, m.n., meat, flesh. — ki. 
 jina', m.n., big black ant (the 
 
 stinking one). — ^M, — yo. 
 jini, or jimi, m.n., genius, demon. 
 
 jir, v.i. (used for the verb of ex- 
 istence, " be, live," and also as 
 an auxiliary verb, and for the 
 division of time into years, 
 age ;) Adan jir, or Adaniss ka 
 jir, live at Aden; shalai aiirba- 
 
 jirai there was a camel 
 
 yesterday ; hebelba Bulahar 
 jogi jirai, a certain man was 
 living at Bulahar ; adign imi- 
 sad jirtai, or imisa jir ba 
 tahai ? how old are you ? la- 
 batan jir ban ahai, I am 
 twenty years old ; ma jiro and 
 ma jirto, there is not ; erai- 
 gasi ma jiro, that word does 
 not exist ; manta wahba ma 
 jiran, there is or there was 
 nothing to-day. 
 
 jir, v.tr., take care of, protect 
 (for cattle and sheep) ; war ! 
 adiga ra' o ad n jir, hallo ! 
 (shepherd), go with the sheep 
 and take good care of them ; 
 manta hoUM ma u jiro, he 
 does not take care of the cattle 
 to-day ; iss — , take care of 
 yourself (body and soul); iss 
 ka — , mind (yourself), take 
 care of yourself (from some- 
 thing) ; llbahha ad issa ga jir, 
 mind yourself, beware of the 
 lion. 
 
 la jir, v.tr., serve, attend. 
 
 haulyari ku jir, v.i., be at your 
 
JIB 
 
 98 
 
 LA 
 
 ease ; haulyari ma ku jirta ? 
 
 are you at your ease 1 ha, 
 haulyari ban ku jira, yes, I 
 am at my ease. 
 
 jir, m.n., rat. — ki ; jir yar, a 
 small rat. 
 
 jirab, m.n., skin bag. — ki, — yo 
 (a kind of clothes-bag). 
 
 jirid, f.n., root of trees and 
 plants, trunk, stem, stock, log 
 of wood. — ^di, — 0, or jixdo 
 (plur.). 
 
 jiriha, m.n., cricket (insect). — g^i. 
 
 jirihsi, m.n., gnashing. — g^. 
 
 jirihso, v.fr., gnash. 
 
 kaga jiribi, v.c, make him gnash. 
 
 jirjir, m.n., back of the hand, of 
 a blade, of a man. 
 
 jirjirad, m.n., all the back. — ki ; 
 jirjir ad ka iss u rog, turn 
 yourself on your back ; jirjirad 
 bu u sebadai, he is sleeping 
 stretched out full length on his 
 back. 
 
 jirjirolai, m.n., cameleon. — hi. 
 
 ji'sin, m.n., provisions made for 
 travelling, or for one's main- 
 tenance at home. — ki, 
 
 joborad, f.n., gem. — di. 
 
 jog, m.n., abiding, remaining, 
 staying.— gi. 
 
 sojog, m.n., air, appearance, coun- 
 tenance of a man. — gi, 
 
 jog, v.i., used for the verb of ex- 
 istence, be, live, remain, stay, 
 stop ; la — , remain with ; ka 
 — , hesitate. 
 
 ninka la joga, m.n., the servant; 
 tag ninki i la jogai u yed, 
 go and call my servant. 
 
 jogso, v.i., halt, remain, wait, do 
 not go on in your bad way, 
 choke ; wah ba i jogsadai, 
 something choked me ; wabba 
 kas jogsadai, something choked 
 him ; ku — , tread, tread upon, 
 trample ; mahad 'agta iga ga 
 jogsanaisa? why do you tread 
 upon my foot. 
 
 ku jogjogso, v.i., shampoo with 
 the feet (upon the back); da- 
 barkai hanuni e igu jogjogso, 
 my back pains me, shampoo it. 
 
 jogjogsi, m.n., shampooing with 
 the feet (on the back). — gi. 
 
 joji, v.tr., detain, impede, inter- 
 cept, stop ; ku — , strike him, 
 fix a handle ; iss ku — , strike 
 yourself, add together. 
 
 joniad, f.n., bag. — di. 
 
 jubula, m.n., ignorant. — hi. 
 
 juh ha odau, do not say a word. 
 
 la, particle used for forming the 
 the passive voice ; lo, contrac- 
 tion of la and u. 
 
 la, prp., with, along with. 
 
 laan, prp. and n., without. — ti ; 
 isaga laanti tag, go without 
 him. This word is also used 
 as follows : dan laan bai no- 
 hotai, that happened by his 
 own fault. 
 
 la, for lai', v.tr., beat, strike 
 (this word is used when many 
 people are beaten ; for a single 
 
la'a 
 
 99 
 
 LAJ 
 
 person dil is used) ; — ya, wan 
 lain ; inamada la, beat the 
 boys ; wilka dil, beat the boy. 
 
 la'af, /.«., bait. — ti. 
 
 la'ag, /.ra., money, silver. — ^ti. 
 
 lab, male (particle added to 
 names of animals to denote the 
 male sex) ; libah lab, a male 
 lion. 
 
 labod, m.n., male. — ki. 
 
 lab, a., brave, bold ; ninkasi wa 
 nin lab, this man is brave, 
 bold. 
 
 lab, f.n., breast, chest, bosom. — 
 ti. 
 
 (nin) labia, a., stammering; wil- 
 kasi wa wil labia, that boy is 
 stammering. 
 
 lab, v.tr., fold (one thing). This 
 word is also used for " bend " : 
 jilibka, or rugga so lab, bend 
 the knee ; hunyar lab, or so 
 lab, bend a little. 
 
 lablab, v.tr., fold (many things). 
 
 laba, nrnn., two ; — di, both, the 
 two, the pair ; labada nia i so 
 kahai, lead to me both men.' 
 
 labad, num.ord., second; kan, 
 ki labad, the second. 
 
 labatan, num., twenty. — ki. 
 
 laba gor, or jer, ad., twice. 
 
 labai, v.tr., double. 
 
 laban (with ku), v.tr., make again 
 something, return, repeat; lab- 
 ma, wan ku labmi ; so — , v.i., 
 come back. 
 
 laban, m.n., sprain, bruise. — ki. 
 
 laban, a., sprained, bruised, 
 curved ; 'ag^a wa labantahai, 
 the foot is bruised. 
 
 laben, f.n., cream. — ti. 
 
 lad, m.n., kick (of a man). — ki, 
 
 lad, v.tr., kick. 
 
 ladan, a., in a good state, better, 
 well, wealthy, comfortable ; iss 
 ka warran, lit. give news from 
 you, or how are you 1 wa lad- 
 nahai, I am (I feel) better ; 
 abbaha ka warran, or abbaba 
 wa side ? how is your father ? 
 wa ladanyabai, he is better. 
 
 ladnaw, v.att., be in a good state, 
 better 
 
 ladnan, f.n., comfort, ease, rest. 
 — ti. 
 
 laf, f.n., bone, stone (of fruits), 
 husk. — ti ; lafta dabarka, the 
 backbone ; lafta gadka, the 
 chin. 
 
 lafo, m.n., dice, huckle-bones, 
 osselets. — hi. 
 
 lah, f.n., ewe. — di. 
 
 labad, m.n., limb. — ki ; lahad- 
 yada o dan go, cut off all the 
 limbs. 
 
 lahadla, a., cripple. 
 
 lahau, m.n., phthisis, consump- 
 tion. — gi. 
 
 labau habo, a., phthisical, con- 
 sumptive; wa nin labau haba. 
 
 lak, a lakh, or 100,000 Eupees; 
 lak rubod, 100,000 Eupees. 
 
 laili, m.n., a young camel not 
 accustomed to carry loads and 
 afraid. — gi. 
 
 laili, v.i., quail, tame, master the 
 camel ; lai'Uya, wan lailiyi. 
 
 laji, or lajo, m. or /.«., small 
 shells with which Somals adorn 
 their vessels. — gi, — di ; kus- 
 
 h2 
 
LAL 
 
 100 
 
 LIQ 
 
 sadda laji ku samai, adorn the 
 water-jug witli shells. 
 
 lal, v.tr., lift up, throw upon 
 (this word is especially used 
 for a mat used as a door in a 
 Somali hut); dahha lal, lift 
 up or open the door ; ahalka 
 dusMsa mindida ku lal, throw 
 the knife upon the house. 
 
 lalad, v.p. and i., hang, be sus- 
 pended ; ninki gedku ka la- 
 ladai, the man was hung on 
 the tree ; modku madahhainTi 
 ka so lalada, death hangs 
 over our heads. 
 
 lamai, v.tr., flog, scourge ; ha 
 lagni — > v.p., be flogged ; wa 
 la lamiyai, he is flogged. 
 
 Ian, f.n., branch, bough, stem. — 
 ti. 
 
 laso, v.tr., finish ; sorta or sor- 
 tada laso, finish your food; 
 emrigisi yu lastai, the course 
 of his life is finished. 
 
 layan, m.n., malefactor, a man of 
 a savage or violent temper, 
 highwayman, bloody man. — 
 ki. 
 
 leb, m.n., shaft of an arrow, 
 wooden arrow used by small 
 boys. — ki, — yo. 
 
 leben, m.n., brick (not burnt). 
 — ^ki ; see ajurad. 
 
 Ifif, v.tr., lick. 
 
 leg, m.n., upper part of the belly. 
 
 — gi- 
 legdan, v.i., wrestle ; legdama, 
 
 wan legdami ; la — , wrestle 
 
 with him. 
 legdan, m.n., wrestling. — ki. 
 
 leged, v.tr., fell (a tree), make 
 him or it fall. 
 
 leh, root, possessed of (this word 
 is very often used as an affix). 
 
 lahaw, v.att., be possessed of. 
 
 leh, num., six. — di ; lehad, or 
 lihad, sixth ; lehdan, sixty. 
 
 lehoj v.tr., turn ; war ! leho, oh ! 
 turn yourself ; so — , turn to 
 (towards me) ; u — , turn to 
 him ; ka — , turn from. 
 
 lei', or lai', root not used ; lei'da, 
 die you (this verb seems to be 
 used only with plural or col- 
 lective nouns); berri rag badan 
 ba lai'an or lei'an, to-morrow 
 many men (people) will die ; 
 geli iga wada lai'ai, all my 
 camels died ; ragi rerkasi 
 wada lai'ai, all the people of 
 that rer died ; fardihi wa 
 lai'den, the horses died; far- 
 dihi lai'dai, the dead horses. 
 
 leil, a., complete, entire ; shalai 
 leil, or shalai 'o leil, or shalo 
 leil, or shalaito leili, all day 
 yesterday ; shalaito o leili 
 yan merai, I went round all 
 day yesterday. 
 
 libah, m.n., lion (gen. name), 
 —hi, — yo ; libah dadig, a 
 lioness. 
 
 libid, v.i., disappear ; libda^ wan 
 libdi. Parents use this word 
 in cursing their children. 
 
 lid, m.n., leathern strap used for 
 fastening charms around the 
 neck. — ki. 
 
 lif, m.n., quoit (game). — ki, 
 
 lig, m.r. male gafanug. — gi. 
 
LIH 
 
 101 
 
 LUM 
 
 lih, m.w., flexibility (of a thing). 
 
 ' — M. 
 lihah, a., flexible ; nl lihah, a 
 
 flexible stick. 
 lih, v.tr,, swallow, drain off 
 
 water; biyaha lih, drain off 
 
 the water, 
 (nin) lihsan, a. , a drnnken man. 
 lilah (see Hah), m.n., God.— hi. 
 lilahi, f.n.,' truth. — di ; wa 
 
 lilahi, by God, it is true; 
 
 lilahi u so'o, by God, tell the 
 
 truth ; nin lUahiah, a truthful 
 
 man. 
 lin, f.n., — ma'an, orange ; — 
 
 danan, lemon. — ti. 
 lis, v.tr.f sharpen ; mindida lis, 
 
 sharpen the knife. 
 lissan, a.v., sharp ; mindida wa 
 
 lissantahai, the knife is sharp. 
 lissin, m.n., grindstone, whet- 
 stone. — M. 
 liss, v.tr., milk, stroke ; hash! 
 
 ban lissai, I have milked the 
 
 she-camels. 
 lo', y.n., cow, herd, flock of neat 
 
 cattle. — di, la'yan (plur.), — 
 
 loh, m.n., board, plank. — ^hi, 
 
 — yo, or halwah, — di {plur.) ; 
 
 halwahda ahalka ku sarab, 
 
 floor the house. 
 los, m.n., arachis, earth-nut. 
 
 — ki. 
 luf, in.n., slice. — ki, — af; lufaf ki 
 
 kibista i ken, bring me the 
 
 slices of bread. 
 lug, f.n., leg, hind leg of animals. 
 
 — ti. 
 (nin, nag) lugla, a., one-legged 
 
 fman, woman) ; nagti lugla 
 
 laida, the one-legged woman. 
 luglawai, m.w., one-legged person. 
 
 —hi. 
 lug laan, a., cripple (legless), 
 lugo, v.p., be disappointed, 
 luggo, v.tr., disappoint, play, 
 
 prank. 
 luggoyo, f.n., disappointment, 
 
 prank, trick. 
 luh, f.n., voice. — di. 
 luhluho, v.i., gargle. 
 Inhluhasho, /.«., gargle, gargling. 
 luhmad, f.n., bit, mouthful of 
 
 food.— di. 
 luhuf, m.n., mockery. — ki. 
 luhufl, or luhfi, v.tr., moek at. 
 luki, f.n., hen. — di. 
 lul, m.n., peail, — M. 
 im, v.i., move, toss, shake milk 
 
 to and fro to make butter. 
 lulan, v.p., be tossed; lolma, wan 
 
 lulmi ; gor walba dirtu. wa 
 
 lulanta, the trees are always 
 
 tossed to and fro. 
 luUn,. f.n., shake,^ shaking, toss, 
 
 — ti. 
 1h1(^ f.n., sleepiness ; — leh or 
 
 — badan, sleepy ; lulo i haisa, 
 
 I am sleepy. 
 lulmo, vd.f be sleepy. 
 lun, m.n., parehedness (caused by 
 
 thirst). — ^ki. 
 liin, v.p., be lost ; luma, wan 
 
 liuni; had! an raga ra'o la- 
 
 'agtaidu wai lumi, if I go with 
 
 these men, my money will be 
 
 lost. 
 lumi, v.tr., lavish, squander, an 
 
 nihilate. 
 
LUM 
 
 102 
 
 MAG- 
 
 (wil, nin) Imnai, a., prodigal. 
 
 lumiyai, m.n., debauchee, profli- 
 gate, corrupter. — hi. 
 
 lunlumai, m.n., larvse of gnats. — 
 hi. 
 
 M. 
 
 ma, neg. part, (used with verbs 
 and meaning) not ; so ma aha, 
 it is not. 
 
 ma, interr. part, (often changed 
 into mi and mu) ; ma 1 what 1 
 nin ma ? what man ? so ma 
 aha ? is it not ? (this last ex- 
 pression is often used in con- 
 versation for asking the hearer 
 if he has well understood). 
 
 ma'al, /.»., dewlap (Somali sheep 
 have a dewlap). — shi, 
 
 ma'alul, f.n., starvation. — shi ; 
 ninkasi ma'alul bu n hahtiya, 
 that man is dying of starvation. 
 
 ma'an, a., fresh, sweet; biyo 
 ma'an, sweet water (see ged 
 ma'an). 
 
 ma'anaiso, v.tr., make sweet, 
 sweeten ; sunkorta hawahha 
 kiuna'anaiso, sweeten the cof- 
 fee with sugar. 
 
 ma'ash, m.n., brokerage. — ki. 
 
 ma'ash, v.tr., gain, obtain. 
 
 ma'awinad, f.n., help. — di; ma'a- 
 winaddi u ka', go for help. 
 
 madad, m.n., inkstand. — ki, — yo. 
 
 madad, m.n,,a, kind of long thin 
 bag used for loading camels 
 with rice, jowaree, .... when 
 going into the jungle. — ^ki. 
 
 madag, f.n., the two pieces of 
 wood Somals rub one against 
 the other for getting fire in the 
 desert. — ti. 
 
 madah, m.n., head. — hi, — yo. 
 
 madah adai, m.n., bald head. — 
 hi." 
 
 madah ahaw, v.tr., be the head, 
 the superior, the chief ; ana U 
 madahah, I am the head, the 
 chief ; ninki u madahah ma 
 jogo or teg, the superior, chief 
 is not here or is gone. 
 
 madah hanun, m.n., headache. — 
 ki.' 
 
 madah wareir, m.n., vertigo, 
 dizziness. — ki. 
 
 madar, v.i., cry, shout loudly. 
 
 maded, m.n., underwood tree and 
 its fruit (as the bean-tree berry). 
 — ki, — yo. 
 
 madi, v.tr., empty, 
 
 mado, v.i., be empty ; madda, 
 wan madan. 
 
 madan, a.v., empty, void, hollow. 
 
 madar, m.n., water-closet. — ki. 
 
 madfa', m.n., big gun, cannon. — 
 hi. 
 
 madow, a. audi m.n., black. 
 
 madowbai, v.tr., blacken. 
 
 madow'adan, a. and m.n., blue. 
 
 madrasad, f.n., college, school. — 
 di. 
 
 madun, m.n., soot. — ki. 
 
 mafallah, a., extravagant. 
 
 ma'fo, f.n., kind of charm tied 
 to a leathern necklace (some 
 wear it round the head and 
 others round the neck). 
 
 mag, m.n., attack. — gi. 
 
MAG 
 
 103 
 
 MAH 
 
 mag, v.tr., attack ; Ebbahai ba 
 ku la magai, God has decreed 
 that upon you. (This word, as 
 shown by this example, seems 
 also to mean the decree of 
 God.) 
 
 maga', m.n., name. — hi, — yo ; 
 maga'ba? or maga'hagu wa 
 mahai ? what is your name 1 
 ninka magi'hisa wa la yahan, 
 or ad ba lo yahan, the name 
 of that man is renowned. 
 
 magalo, f.n., town, country. 
 
 magarafad', /.»., hoe. — di. 
 
 magol, m,.n., green trees and 
 grass. — ki^ (This word is used 
 either when the trees are co- 
 vered with leaves, or when all 
 is green after rain.) 
 
 maha (contraction of ma aha), 
 no. 
 
 mahae, or mahe (contraction of 
 ma aha e) ; kas mahae wa 
 kan, it is not that, it is this ; 
 ka mahae, adiga kaleh o dan 
 wada kahaiso, except that one, 
 take for yourself all the sheep. 
 
 mahabis, f.pJ.n., prisoners. — ti ;■ 
 mid mahabistaah, one prisoner. 
 
 mahai ? int.prn., what 1 wa ma- 
 hai ? what is i 
 
 mahai (with u before the verb), 
 ad., why ? mahad (for mahai 
 bad) u tagtaii why did you 
 go? 
 mahad, f.n., thanks. — di; nin 
 nolba wa u mahad: this ex- 
 pression, very often used, seems 
 to mean, a man still living 
 must be thankful for his life, or- 
 
 I am still alive, never mind my 
 sickness. 
 
 mahadi, v.tr., thank. 
 
 mahad u or ugu nah, v.tr., thank 
 him ; mahad ban kugu nahai, 
 I thank you. 
 
 mahadda n nah, v.i., say (read) 
 the compliment, thanks; ma^ 
 haddi u nahai, I have said 
 (read) the compliment. 
 
 mahad, m,.n., big needle (used for- 
 sewing mats and bags). — di. 
 
 mahakamad, f.n., court-house. — 
 di (some say hafcamad). 
 
 mahawis, or mahawis, f.n., loin- 
 cloth. — ti. 
 
 mahmah, f.n., maxim, proverb,, 
 saying, . aphorism. ^ — di ; wa 
 mahmahda wa yelka, it is the 
 maxim of the ancients. 
 
 mahadin, or mahadam, m.n.., 
 master, overseer. — ki. 
 
 mahai, m.n., hearing. — ki, 
 
 mahai; v.tr., hear, heed, listen,, 
 obey ; mahla, wan mahli ;. 
 maan mahai, or ma mahai,,! 
 did not hear ; ha mahlin, do 
 not listen to, disobey ; ku 
 mahli ma dono, he will not 
 listen to you. 
 
 mahashi, v.tr., cause to hear ; 
 na mahashi, I'et us hear. 
 
 mahal,/.»i., young (of goats and 
 sheep) ; means also- children- 
 brought up together, as those 
 in orphanages and' seminaries.. 
 — shi ; wa mahai' badri, it is 
 a boy of the Padri. 
 mahaldadi m.n^pl.^ small feoys^ — 
 ki. 
 
MAH 
 
 104 
 
 MAL 
 
 mahaldunyo, f.n., children and 
 cattle. 
 
 mahal herais, m. or f.n., fold, 
 enclosure for kids and lambs, 
 evening star, time for putting 
 kids and lambs into the en- 
 closure. — ki or — ^ti. 
 
 mahal herai, v.tr., fold kids and 
 lambs. 
 
 mahan, a., absent; wa mahan- 
 yahai, he is absent. 
 
 mahnaw, v.i., be absent ; todoba 
 'asho ba mahnaw e iga tag, 
 be absent for a week and go 
 away. 
 
 mahnan, f.n., absence. — ti. 
 
 mahar, m.n., skin of a dead calf 
 ordinarily filled with grass or 
 anything else ; this figure, at 
 the time of milking, is placed 
 beside a cow (the calf of which 
 is dead) in order to make her 
 give her milk. — ki. 
 
 maharsar, m.n., skin of a dead 
 young camel, used for a similar 
 purpose as that of the calf. — ^ki. 
 
 mahar ku mal, v.tr., milk (by 
 taking the skin ...). 
 
 mahari, m.n., tree from which 
 spear-shafts are made. — gi. 
 
 mahayad, f.n., coifee-shop. — di. 
 
 mahahwi, m.n. , coffee-shop keeper. 
 
 mahnud, m.n., sodomy, sodomite. 
 
 — ki. 
 mahnudnimo, f.n., sodomy. 
 mahrib, m.n., evening (sunset). 
 
 — ki. 
 mahsin, m.n., apartment, room. — 
 
 ki. 
 
 makawi, m.n., amber. — gi. 
 
 maid, v.tr., wash, clean (with 
 water) ; SO — , go and wash ; 
 si — , continue to wash ; darka 
 si mai'd intau imanayo, con- 
 tinue to wash the clothes till I 
 come back. 
 
 maido, v.r., wash yourself ; 
 ma'idta, wan maidan. 
 
 mai'dan, a.v., washed, cleansed. 
 
 maidan, v.p., be washed; maid- 
 ma, wan ma'idmi. 
 
 maidasho, f.n., washing. 
 
 mai'dah, f.n., second bark of the- 
 trees used for making ropes. — 
 di. 
 
 maidal, m.n., grey horse. — ki. 
 
 maido, f.n., wild date. 
 
 ma'ilin, m.n., measure. — ki. 
 
 mal, v.tr., milk ; so — , go to 
 milk. 
 
 'ana mal, m.n., day (of 24 hours). 
 — ki. 
 
 mal, m.n., living property. — ki. 
 
 mal, f.n.,- scrofula, king's evil. — 
 sM. 
 
 mala, m.n., thought, doubt. — hi. 
 
 malaha, ad., perhaps, probably. 
 
 malai, v.i., doubt, guess, suppose, 
 suspect, think. 
 
 malaisan, a.v., doubtful, sus- 
 pected ; markabka imatinkisa 
 manta wa malaisanyahai, for 
 to-day, the arrival of the ship 
 is doubtful. 
 
 malab, m.n., honey. — ki. 
 
 malah, f.n., pus, matter. — di. 
 
 mala'iko, f.n., angel. 
 
 malas, f.n., chalk.— li. 
 
 malan, m.n., lizzard. — ki. 
 
MAL 
 
 105 
 
 MAE 
 
 malhamad, /.«., veil, large ker- 
 chief the women sometimes put 
 on their head. — di. 
 
 malkad, m.n., mortar. — ^ki. 
 
 malik, m.n., king ; maliggi, the 
 king. 
 
 malikad, f.n., queen. — di. 
 
 malin, f.n., day (12 hours of 
 light). — ti, malmo (plur.); ma- 
 Imtan todobad keda, this day 
 week ; malin daf, every other 
 day^ dawada malin daf 'ab, 
 drink (take) the medicine every 
 other day. 
 
 mamus or namus, m. or f.n., repu- 
 tation, respect. — ti, — ^ki. 
 
 (nin) mamusleh, a. (man) of a 
 good reputation. 
 
 (nin) mamusla, a. (maji) of bad 
 reputation. 
 
 mamus, v.ir., respect, honour; 
 abbaha iyo hoyada mamus, 
 honour thy father and mother. 
 
 mamus jab, m.n., defamation, 
 ignominy, shame. — ki. 
 
 mamus jebi, v.tr., defame, break 
 the reputation. 
 
 man, m.n., bud (of a flower), 
 flowers of trees not bringing 
 forth edible fruits. — ^ki. 
 
 man (root), day. 
 
 manta, ad., to-day. 
 
 manto laili, ad., all day long. 
 
 manafa'ad, m.n., utility. — ki. 
 
 ma'nai, m.n., meaning, significa- 
 tion. — hi ; eraiga ma'nihisi 
 wa mahai ? what is the mean- 
 ing of that letter 1 
 
 njandil or madil, /.w., penknife, 
 razor. — shi. 
 
 manhas, m,n., scissors. — ki. 
 
 mantag, v.i., vomit. 
 
 mantag, m.n., vomiting, retching. 
 
 mantag^, v.e., cause to vomit. 
 
 mar, m.n., time. — ^ki. 
 
 mar, ad., once. 
 
 marmar, ad., sometimes. 
 
 marka, eonj., when. 
 
 marma? ad., when. 
 
 markiba, ad., immediately, sud- 
 denly, at once ; markiba ban 
 iman, I come at once. 
 
 mar badan, ad., often. 
 
 marra, for mama, ad., at any 
 time, whensoever. 
 
 marki hore, ad., the first time ; 
 marki hore e an arkai ba 
 dilai, the first time I saw him, 
 I killed him. 
 
 mar dambe, ad., a second time ; 
 marki dambe, the second time. 
 
 mar hore, ad., ago, long ago. 
 
 mar kaleh, ad., again, another 
 time; marka ki kaleh, the 
 other time. 
 
 mar, v.i., pass, walk on ; halka 
 mar, pass here ; hebta — , 
 walk on the shore ; deh — . 
 pass through, across ; dul — , 
 go beyond, surpass ; si — , 
 pass (away from me) ; surinka 
 si mar, pass by that street ; 
 ges — , pass by on one side ; 
 war ! ges mar, ana an gesta 
 kaleh maro, pass by on one 
 side, and let me pass by on 
 the other ; ges ka — , pass by 
 (near) ; ahalkan ges ka mari, 
 I will pass by the house 
 
MAR 
 
 106 
 
 MAS' 
 
 mar o hel, v.i., succeed, go and 
 find if you can, get rid of 
 somebody; war! u mar o 
 heli maisid, oh ! you cannot 
 succeed ; wan u mar o helai, 
 I succeeded. 
 
 mari, v.tr., rub, splash, smoothe; 
 darka sabunta — , soap the 
 linen ; darka birrta, iron the 
 clothes. 
 
 marso, v.i., splash (yourself), 
 coat, plaster ; dohhada timaha 
 marso, splash or coat your 
 hair with clay. 
 
 marin, m.n., narrow, small way, 
 path. — ki. 
 
 mar, v.tr., tie the she-camel's 
 teats (that the young may not 
 suck) ; hasha ka agmar, tie 
 one side, i.e., two teats. 
 
 marah, m.n., tow used for closing 
 the she-camel's teats. — ^M, — yo. 
 
 marahsar, m.n., part behind the 
 camel's hump. — ki. 
 
 marawahad, /.«., fan. — di. 
 
 marabi, /.w., tame beast. — di. 
 
 mardaban, m.n., jar for water. — 
 ki. 
 
 marhati, /.«., witness, proof, evi- 
 dence, testimony. — di. 
 
 marhati ku fur, v.tr., certify, 
 testify, prove. 
 
 markab, »!.«.. ship,vessel, steamer. 
 — ki, — ^yo or marakib ijilur.). 
 
 markab harbiha, m.n., man-of- 
 war; markabki harbigaaba, 
 the man-of-war. 
 
 maro,./!B., large Somali linen dress 
 in which they wrap themselves ; 
 mara adag, thick cloth. 
 
 marodi, m.n., elephant. — gi; fol 
 marodi, ivory. 
 
 maroh, or moroh, /.«., tree used 
 for making ropes and baskets. 
 — di, — yo. 
 
 maroji and marori, v.tr., curl, 
 wring, twist ; timaha maroji, 
 curl your hair ; ku — , v.tr., 
 squeeze (by placing a rope or 
 linen around the neck and 
 wringing it), bore (with a borer 
 or a drill). 
 
 marorsan, a.v., curled, bored. 
 
 marrin, m.n., brown colour. 
 
 marti, f.n., guest, visitor, stranger. 
 — di. 
 
 marti hadis, m.n., inhospitality. 
 — ki. 
 
 ma'ruf (nin), a. and m.n., well 
 known. — ki; nin ma'rufah, 
 a well-known man. 
 
 mas, m.n., serpent, snake. — ki. 
 
 masaf, m.n., funnel. — ki. 
 
 masabid, v.tr., blame, impute 
 falsely. 
 
 masabid, m.n., blamer. — ki ; nin. 
 la masabido, a., blaming. 
 
 masabidnimo, f.n., blame. 
 
 masafiri, v.tr., expel, drive away. 
 
 masafiris, m,.n., expulsion.— ki. 
 
 masajid, or masjid, m.n., mosque.. 
 — ki. 
 
 masala,. or masalei, m.n., a skin. 
 Somals bear on their shoulders 
 and use for kneeling on while- 
 praying. 
 
 masalo, f.n., discussion, debate, 
 religious discourse ; masalo 
 badan bannu iss ku habanai^ 
 we had a great discussion.. 
 
MAS 
 
 107 
 
 MID 
 
 masbah, m.n., altar. — hi. 
 
 ma'shar, m.n., lesson. — ki. 
 
 maskah, /.«., brain. — di. 
 
 masibo, /.«., misfortune. 
 
 masso, or monso, f.n., a kind of 
 big lizard. (Somals say that 
 this lizard bleats as a young 
 lamb and so deceives the ewe, 
 drinks her milk, and some say 
 also that it kills the young 
 lamb. 
 
 masruf, see musruf. 
 
 masug, m.n., miser (avaricious 
 man).— gi, — yo. 
 
 matan, m.n., twin (m.). — ki. 
 
 matan, /.M., twin (/,). — ^ti. 
 
 mathal, m.n., allegory, fable, 
 apologue. — ki. 
 
 mati, coll.f.n., children, boys, 
 cattle, sheep, all that cannot 
 go to fight. — di; mati o dan 
 kalaya o wihina gashaa had 
 kaihi halka u so baha, come 
 all ye people and beasts which 
 are unable to bear a shield and 
 stand here by my side. 
 
 maujad,/.w., flux, wave.— di. 
 
 maulid, or mowlid, m.n., prayer 
 for the dead. — ki. 
 
 maya, ad., no (in this word y is 
 pronounced in a manner which 
 can be learnt only from a 
 native). 
 
 mayad, f.n., tide. — di. 
 
 mayai, or ma'ai, m.n., rain (last- 
 ing one). — hi. 
 
 me and meyai? ad., where? 
 (w.) ; ninki me ? where is 
 the man? dibigi meyai? 
 where is the ox ? 
 
 medai ? ad., where? {fem.), ho- 
 
 yadisi medai? where is his- 
 
 mother ? 
 mel, f.n., place. — shi. 
 meshan, mesha, ad., here, 
 meshes, ad., there. 
 mesha, or mesho, ad., there, 
 
 yonder. 
 melma ? ad., where 1 
 mel walba, or mel kasta, ad., 
 
 everywhere, wherever. 
 lamelnoho, v.tr., hold with (one), 
 
 side with, take the part of. 
 meigag, m.n., tree having a black 
 
 bark. 
 mer, v.fr., go round. 
 meri, or mermeri, v.c, make him 
 
 go round. 
 meraiso, v.r., go (you) round. 
 mersan, a., round, around. 
 mersanaw, v.atL, staiid, be about, 
 
 around. 
 mereg, or murug, m.n., entangle- 
 ment.— gi. 
 iss ku mergi, or iss ku mireg 
 
 v.i., be entangled. 
 mergi, m.n., muscles. — gi. 
 mera, m.n., camel's hide. — ^hi. 
 merid, or mirid, m.n., rust. 
 messego and massego, f.n., grain 
 
 (perhaps wheat). 
 mid, num., one, single. — ki {m.), 
 
 -di (/.). 
 mid kaleh, num., another. 
 midka, — ki kaleh, num., the 
 
 other one (m.). 
 midda, — di kaleh, num., the 
 
 other one (/.). 
 midmid, num.distr., one by one. 
 midla, num., less one. 
 
MID 
 
 108 
 
 MIR 
 
 iss ku mid, a., alike, equal, 
 
 kala mid, or iss ku mid maaha, 
 a., unlike, unequal, different, 
 or not alike ; wa kala mid ; 
 labadatan ulod wa kala mid, 
 or iss ku mid maaha, these 
 two sticks are not alike. 
 
 kala mid, /.«., variety. — di; 
 ubah kalamidda or ubahyada 
 kalamiddoda yab bai habau, 
 the variety of flowers is won- 
 derful. 
 
 midna, a., neither (either), none ; 
 inamada middina wah ma 
 barto, none of the boys learns. 
 
 mid, m.n., fruit. — ki. 
 
 midab, m.m., colour, figure, quality, 
 shape, form, sample. — ^ki. 
 
 midab u yel, v.tr., figure, shape, 
 &c. 
 
 midan (seems to be) a mixture; 
 dahdarka dawadisu wa biyo 
 midan, or wa wabayo midan, 
 the medicine of the doctor is 
 pure water, or is pure poison. 
 
 midgan, m.n., name of a Somali 
 low caste.— ki; midgo {plur.), 
 midgayal (int. plur.). Mid- 
 gans make bows, arrows, saddles, 
 spoons . . . ; they also possess the 
 secret for the preparation of the 
 wabayo, poison for arrows. 
 They form, so to speak, a sepa- 
 rate caste, never touching the 
 things of the other Somals, nor 
 do others eat or drink from the 
 vessel of a Midgan. Some cere- 
 monies, e.g., the circumcision 
 of girls, can be performed only 
 by a Midgan woman. 
 
 midhin, m.n., stone used for 
 
 grinding the curry-stuff. — ki, 
 mididin, m.n., attendant, servant. 
 
 — ki, 
 midig, /.«., right hand.— ti, 
 midigta, ad., to the right. 
 mih, m.n., thread taken from the 
 
 loin-cloth ; they use this thread 
 
 for sewing. — ^hi, 
 vaL%f.n., eye-tooth, tusk. — di, 
 milei', m,n., heat and brightness 
 
 of the sun. — M. 
 milih, m.n., salt. — hi. 
 min, m.n., bag of dates. — ^ki ; 
 
 min goM, half a bag. 
 miu, a., each. 
 mindah, a., perhaps. This word 
 
 means probability, uncertainty. 
 
 When asking for a thing and 
 
 they are not sure it belongs to 
 
 them, they use this word with 
 
 the verb in the inter, negative 
 
 form : mindah kaigi ma aha ? 
 
 is it not mine ? maya, ma aha, 
 
 no, it is not yours. 
 mindi,/.«., knife. — di, 
 mindi i'risdab, disease (in the 
 
 belly) of sheep ; they burn 
 
 them near the navel, otherwise 
 
 they would soon die. 
 minfih, /.ra., broom.— di. 
 minid, m.n., minute. — ki, — yo, 
 minshar, m.n., saw. — ki, 
 mir, v.tr., clear, cleanse, filter ; 
 
 biyaha mir, clear, filter the 
 
 water. 
 miran, a.v., clear, cleansed. 
 miran, v.imp., be clear; wai 
 
 mirmi, it will be clear. 
 miri, f.n., sum given monthly to 
 
MIB 
 
 109 
 
 MUD 
 
 the Somali chiefs and their 
 tribes. — di ; miridi na si la- 
 'agtu baunu douaina, give us 
 our monthly money, we are in 
 want of it. 
 
 mirr, m.n., grazing of horses at 
 night. — ki, — ^ti. 
 
 so mirr, v.i., graze the horses. 
 
 mis, tn.n., table. — ki. 
 
 mis (pron. miz), v.tr., weigh. 
 
 misan, m.n,., weight, scales, ba- 
 lance. — ^ki, 
 
 misan, v.tr., weigh ; misama, 
 wan misami. 
 
 misaua, or misua, ad., again. 
 
 miskin, m.n., beggar. — ki; ma- 
 sakin {plur.). 
 
 mismar, or musmar, m.n., nail. 
 — ki. 
 
 musmar, v.tr., nail. 
 
 mise, mase, ama or amase, conj., 
 or, else. 
 
 missig, /.«., haunch. — ti. 
 
 miyi, m.n., desert, jungle, country. 
 — gi. This word, even when 
 definite, is often used without 
 the article. 
 
 miyid, m.n., pi. and «., corpse 
 (used for men only). — ki. 
 
 mijrir, m.n., intellect, reason, 
 prudence, fancy. — ^ki. 
 
 miyirsan, a., wise, prudent. 
 
 miyirla, a., stupid, foolish. 
 
 miyirlaan, f.n., stupidity, foolish- 
 ness. — ti. 
 
 miyir hab, v.i., be prudent, 
 reasonable. 
 
 miyir haba, a., intelligent, pru- 
 dent. 
 
 mod, v.i., think, appear. 
 
 wah la mod, v.imp., seem, ap- 
 pear; hadi an Adan tago, or 
 u ko'o ranba wahba la modi, 
 
 if I go to Aden, truth will ap- 
 pear. 
 
 mod, m.n., merchandise, property. 
 — ^ki. 
 
 mog, moga, a., negligent, igno- 
 rant (they call a man so who 
 does not know news which 
 everybody knows ; this word 
 must be a contraction of ma 
 ogain, I did not know). 
 
 moji (contraction of ma ogi), I 
 do not know. 
 
 mohoar madow, m.n., B. Carterii 
 frankincense tre6. — gi. 
 
 moharad, f.n., Boswellia Bhan 
 Dajiana frankincense tree. — di. 
 
 mos, v.i., heap, pile up the sand 
 around the hut to preserve it 
 from the water. 
 
 mos, m.n., bank or hill made 
 around the hut. — ki. 
 
 mot! i'wi., salutation given when 
 on horseback, to a king, a 
 chief, a governor ; exclamation 
 for inciting the horse, and to 
 continue a song. 
 
 moyai, or moya, m.n., wooden 
 mortar. — hi. 
 
 moyaitumai, m.n., pestle, stamper. 
 
 mu ? ad., why 1 mu dar i keno ? 
 why does he not bring me a 
 coat ? 
 
 mu, m.n.j time. — gi. 
 
 muadin, m.n., muezzin. — ki. 
 
 mu'alim, m.n., schoolmaster. — ki. 
 
 mud, v.tr., prick, sting, stitch. 
 
 mudnin, f.n., pricking, stitching. 
 
MITD 
 
 110 
 
 MUB 
 
 muda', m.n., fork. — M, — ^yo. 
 
 The Somali fork has only one 
 
 prongs it is used as a bodkin 
 
 in sewing. 
 muda'l, m.n., plantiff. — gi. 
 mudali, f.n., defendant. — di. 
 miidal, m.n., miser, hard-h.earted 
 
 man. — ki. 
 muda'nyo, or mida'nyo, f.n., 
 
 kind of tree and its berry. 
 mudad, f.n., period of time. — di 
 
 (some tribes say, madal. — ki). 
 mudakar, m.n., adult, young 
 
 man. — ki. 
 mudaya', m.n., spendthrift.— hi, 
 
 — yo. 
 
 mudayo, or murayo, f.n., gum 
 tree and its fruit. 
 
 mudhi, v.tr., strip off, skin. 
 
 mudso, v.tr., suck (fruits, sweets, 
 &c.). 
 
 mufo, f.n., oven, hearth, furnace. 
 
 mnfai, v.tr., bake. 
 
 mufta, vi.n., key. — hi. 
 
 mugi, or mugis, half (a glass, a 
 
 pot, a boiler ); hadiih 
 
 'anaha mugi i ken, bring me 
 half a vessel of milk. 
 
 muhuyo, or muhayo, f.n., grand- 
 mother. 
 
 muh,m.ra., discovery, vision, sight, 
 appearance. 
 
 mnhad, or muhasho, f.n., appari- 
 tion, appearance, vision (the 
 thing seen). — ki, — di, 
 
 muho, v.i., appear, seem ; miihda, 
 wan mnhan ; n muho, appear 
 to him ; wa i, ku, u, no, idin 
 muhata, it appears, seems to 
 me, thee, him, us, you ; wa 
 
 muhda or muhata, it is visible, 
 
 apparent, evident, explained ; 
 
 ninta wa muhata, the truth is 
 
 evident. 
 muhalhalah, m.n., impostor. — hi. 
 muhbasad, f.n., unleavened bread 
 
 (as Arabs and Somals eat). — di. 
 muhmad, f.n., fresh meat cut into 
 
 pieces, dried in the sun, and 
 
 afterwards fried vrith ghee and 
 
 served in the hubo. 
 muhuni, v.tr., force, oblige, impel. 
 muhuuo, f.n., violence, extortion, 
 
 compelling. 
 muhur, v.i., dive, 
 muhuri, v.i., duck, bathe, 
 muhurasho, f.n., bath. 
 muji, v.tr., expose for sale, dis- 
 play, show, point, explain ; i, 
 
 u, no muji, explain to me, 
 
 him, us; darka i muji, show 
 
 the clothes to me. 
 mujnin, or mujis, f.n., exposure 
 
 of goods, explanation. — ti, or 
 
 — ki. 
 miimin, m.n., believer. — ki; nin 
 
 muminah, a believer. 
 murayad, f.n., looking-glass, 
 
 mirror. — di. 
 murku'i, v.tr., cause to sprain. 
 murko'o, v.r., sprain yourself (in 
 
 sliding ...). 
 murkuasho, f.n., sprain", strain, 
 
 bruise. 
 murjan, f.n., coral. — ^ti (the red 
 
 kind, with which they make 
 
 collars, bracelets ...). 
 murjo', ormujo', m.n., infant. — hi. 
 murud, m.n., sauce remaining in 
 
 the plate or boiler. — ^ki. 
 
MCR 
 
 111 
 
 NAB 
 
 murdi, v.i., take with the fore- 
 finger the remains of sauce 
 or food in a kettle or dish and 
 lick it up. 
 
 murdiso, or miirudsato, or mu- 
 ruksato, f.n., forefinger. 
 
 muruh, m.n., calf (of the leg), 
 thick part of the arm. — hi. 
 
 murwad, f.n,, esteem, respect. — 
 di. 
 
 murwad, v.tr., esteem, respect. 
 
 mus, m.n., razor. — IsL 
 
 musanow, v.i., lament, cry, calling 
 for the tribe (tolai ! tolai) ; 
 Musauow'ba, wan musanowbi. 
 This verb is only used when 
 speaking of men. 
 
 mushaliaro, f.n., wages. 
 
 (baya) mushtari, trader, mer- 
 chant (see baya ...). 
 
 mushrik, m.n., two associates, 
 partners; mushriggi, the ... 
 ... (generally Somals will use 
 dawo). 
 
 muslim, m.n., Mohamedan. — ki. 
 
 musruf, or masruf, m.n., food 
 which a father procures for his 
 family. — ki. 
 
 musruf, or masruf, v.i., feed your 
 family. 
 
 na, pers.prn., us ; naga, from us ; 
 
 no, to us ; nogu, by or near us. 
 na, ad., also. 
 na ! int. of calling ; na hoi ! ho 
 
 woman ! na ya Fadumo ! or 
 
 na ya hoi ! a father at a dis- 
 tance from his daughter Fatma 
 will so call her. 
 
 na', v.tr., abandon, hate, reject, 
 be disgusted ; wan ni'i. 
 
 ne'ban, f.n., hatred. — ti. 
 
 ne'baw, v.tr., hate ; wa iss ne'b- 
 yihin, they hate each other; 
 wa iss.na'bnahai, we hate each 
 other. 
 
 na'alad or na'lad, some also say 
 na'adal or na'dal. — shi, curse, 
 bad, injurious word ; Allah ku 
 na'lado, may God curse you ; 
 Ebbahai na'laddisu ha kugu 
 dado, may God's curse (or 
 malediction) fall upon you. 
 
 na'dal, v.tr., curse. 
 
 na'al, m.n., horse-shoe, the thick 
 piece of leather they nail to 
 the heel of the sandals when 
 they are stitched. — ki. 
 
 nabad, f.n., accord, conciliation, 
 good news, peace. — di, nabdo 
 (plur.); nabad gala (plur.), 
 enter, be in peace ; nabad gel- 
 yo, good-bye, farewell ; nabad 
 hab, be safe ; nabad hado, 
 hata, make truce; Badri ma 
 nabad ba ? is there peace. 
 Father ? ha, wa nabad, yes, 
 there is peace (common salu- 
 tation) ; war ya Warsamow I 
 nabad or nabaddi ma jirta? 
 oh ! "Warsama, is there peace ? 
 ha, Ilah mahadi, yes, thanks 
 to God. 
 
 nabdi, v.tr., pacify. 
 
 nabar, m.n., blow, hurt, scar, 
 stroke, wound. — ki, — yo. 
 
NAD 
 
 112 
 
 NAS 
 
 nafl, m.n., leathern bucket used 
 for watering cattle. 
 
 nadi, m.n., a tree (in the jungle) 
 of which they make their 
 riding whips. — gi. 
 
 nadif, /.w., cleanness. — ^ti, 
 
 nadifi, or nadif ka dig, vdr., 
 make clean. 
 
 nadifah, a., clean. 
 
 nadur, /.»., slime, lime. — ti. 
 
 naf, /.w., soul, Uf e. — ti ; nafi ma 
 ku jirto, there is no life (a 
 doctor says so when he declares 
 that someone is dead). 
 
 nafta ka had, v.tr., kill ; nafti wa 
 ku wareigaisa, he is in agony. 
 
 naftu ha ka bahdo, v.i., agonize. 
 
 nafo, a. and m.n., lifelessness. — 
 ahi ; adinka nafahaah go, cut 
 ofif that lifeless member; lug- 
 taidi nafahaahaid, my lifeless 
 leg; ga'antisu wa uafo, his 
 arm is lifeless. 
 
 naf, rejiex.pers.prn., inflected with 
 poss.prn. ; naftada u shahaiso, 
 work for yourself; naftaidan 
 u shahaista, I work for myself. 
 
 nag, f.n., woman, wife. — ti. 
 
 nagnimo, f.n., womanhood. 
 
 nah, v.i., become fat. 
 
 nahsan, a.v., fat; ninki nah- 
 sana, the fat man. 
 
 nahi, v.tr., fatten. 
 
 nah, v.i., start, shrink, be as- 
 tounded, stunned ; wan nihi. 
 
 nihi (with ka'ga), v.tr., stun, "as- 
 tound, startle, affright, alarm ; 
 wan kaga nehin shekagaiga 
 kaga nihin, my story will 
 astound him. 
 
 nahadin, f.n., astonishment, grief 
 
 felt on receiving the news of 
 
 some heavy loss, starting, 
 
 shrinking. — ti. 
 nah, v.i., be merciful, charitable ; 
 
 wan nihi ; iga nah, be merci- 
 ful to me. 
 nahadin, /.ra., clemency, charity, 
 
 mercy, pity. — ti. 
 naharis, fn., mercy, pity (es- 
 pecially attributed to God), 
 naharis (with u), v.i., have mercy; 
 
 no nahariso, have mercy on us. 
 naharisla, a., unkind, or nahar- 
 
 isba ma yahan, who does not 
 
 know pity. 
 nahas, /.»., brass, copper. — ti. 
 nahwi, m.n., grammar. — gi. 
 nai, v.tr., read ; wan nihi, 
 nahso, v.r., read for yourself. 
 nahuda, m.n., captain (of a ship, 
 
 a buggalow). — hi. ' 
 nahwa, a.v., chosen ; mid nah- 
 
 waali i ken, bring me a chosen 
 
 fruit. 
 nahai (with ka), v.tr., choose 
 
 for me. 
 ka nahaiso, v.tr., choose. 
 najar, carpenter (see nijar). 
 nail,/;^., she-lamb. 
 nana, m.n., sweets, sugar-plums, 
 
 &c.— hi. 
 nanais, f.n,, epithet, nickname. 
 
 — ti. 
 nar, fn., hell. — ti ; dabka narta, 
 
 hell-fire. 
 naijin, narajin, or narjil, fn., 
 
 cocoa-nut. — ti, 
 nas, m.n., breast (of women), 
 
 bosom (for both sexes). — ki. 
 
NAS 
 
 113 
 
 Nua 
 
 na's, m.n., blookliead, stupid, 
 foolish, simpleton. — ki, — yo. 
 
 nasab, m.n., a generous man 
 (giving -willingly). — ki. 
 
 nasab, m.n., pedigree (of horses 
 only). — ki. 
 
 nasi, V.C., make him rest. 
 
 naso, v.i., rest, take rest. 
 
 nasad, or nasasbo, m.n., rest, 
 nap. — ki, — di. 
 
 nasib, m.n., luck. — ki ; Abdi wa 
 hof nasib hun, Abdi is a person 
 of bad luck. 
 
 nashng, m.n., quid, snufT. — gi. 
 
 so nawil, v.tr., give, deliver, bring 
 the cargo from the ship; ka 
 nawil hebta, bring the cargo 
 from the shore. 
 
 si nawil, v.i., carry your cargo to 
 the ship. 
 
 ne'au, f.n., air, breeze. — di ; ne- 
 'auda an u babno, let us go in 
 the air, breeze. 
 
 ne'awi, v.tr., aerate. 
 
 nebi, m.n., prophet, saint. — gi. 
 
 nef, m.n., animal, quadruped. — ki. 
 
 neijf, f.n., breath. — ti. 
 
 neifso, v.i., breathe. 
 
 nejis, a. and m.n., cunning. — ki, 
 — yo. This word is also some- 
 times used for immodest, im- 
 moral. 
 
 nejisnimo, f.n., cunningness. 
 
 nidar, v.i., vow ; nidra, wan 
 nidri. 
 
 nijar, or najar, m.n., carpenter. 
 — ki. 
 
 nijas, or nejis. — ki, f.n., filthi- 
 ness. — ti ; nin nijasah, a filthy 
 man. 
 
 nimmer, m.n., Arabic name of the 
 
 leopard. 
 nin, m.n., man. — ki. 
 nin un, somebody, any man ; nin 
 
 nn igu yed, call me a man, 
 
 somebody. 
 ninnim.0, f.n., manhood. 
 nin rerod, m.n., foreigner ; ninki 
 
 rerod, the foreigner (only wo- 
 men and children use this virord 
 
 for foreigner). 
 nirig, m.n., young camel. — gi ; 
 
 nirgo (plur.). 
 nobad, or nobiad, f.n., tower. — 
 
 di ; nobad fol marodi laga sa- 
 
 maiyai, a tower of ivory. 
 noho, v.i., go back, happen, occur; 
 
 noMa, wan nohon ; wahhai 
 
 nohotai, it happened. 
 so noh.0, v.i., come liack, return ; 
 
 la — , go back with it ; la so 
 
 — , come back with it. 
 so nohod, m.n., return. — ki. 
 nol, a., living, existing ; beir nol, 
 
 a living tree. 
 nolai, v.tr., animate, resuscitate. 
 nolaw, v.i., revive. 
 nolau, f.n., life. — ti ; nolanta 
 
 ahiro, the next life (next 
 
 world). 
 nug, v.tr., absorb, suck (especially 
 
 used for children). 
 nuji, v.tr., make him suck ; inan- 
 
 ka naska nuji, make the child 
 
 suck. 
 'ana nujis, m.n., lactation. — ki. 
 nugail, m.n., cows which must 
 
 be watered immediately after 
 
 having been milked. 
 dega nugul, a., obedient. 
 I 
 
NUG 
 
 114 
 
 OHO 
 
 dega nuglow, v.i., be obedient. 
 dega nuglan, or dega nugail. — 
 
 ki, obedience. 
 nugul, m.7i., sliivering man. 
 nurad, /.«., lime, mortar, chunam. 
 nusked, nisked, or neski, half. 
 
 O. 
 
 6 (nsed as a dem.prn. with its 
 appropriate consonant), yon, 
 yonder. 
 
 0, conj., and. Contraction of iyo ; 
 it is used for joining sentences 
 and parts of sentences : abbaha 
 iyo hoyada ba yimadai o na 
 la fadistai, your father and 
 mother came and remained 
 with us. 
 
 6d, v.tr., obstruct, make a fence, 
 an enclosure. 
 
 od, f.n., hedge, fence, enclosure 
 made of trees cut in the jungle. 
 — di. 
 
 odan, a.v., shut, obstructed ; 
 dauga wa odanyahai, the road 
 is obstructed. 
 
 o'd, m.n., voice. — ^ki. 
 
 odai, m.n., old man. — gi. 
 
 odo (root, not used in the impera- 
 tive mood, they commonly use 
 deh), say, tell ; wan odan, I will 
 say, tell. 
 
 odrogad, m.n., a small distance 
 (a ramble, a walk). — ki. 
 
 ofai, f.n., sea-gull. — di. 
 
 ofiio, m.n., coupling of neat cat- 
 tle ; wa oftai, she has been 
 covered. 
 og, f.n., fire (of houses being 
 burnt).— ti ; dai ogta maga- 
 ladi ka bahaisa, look ! the fire 
 in the town is extending. 
 og [root), v., know ; wa la ogya- 
 hai, it is known ; ya og ? or 
 ya yahan ? who ]?nows. 
 Ogow, v.tr., know, beware of, 
 remind ; wahhas ad u ogow 
 (some say) wahhas ad u oho, 
 be well aware of, remind well ; 
 iss — , take care of yourself. 
 ogan, a., wilfully, expressly ; 
 ogan ban u falai, I did that 
 wilfully. 
 ogaisi, v.tr., communicate, let 
 him know, tell, remind, ac- 
 quaint, discover; i, no ogaisi, 
 tell me, us. 
 Oggol, m.n., will, willing, know- 
 ing, complying. — ki. 
 oggolai, v.i., assent, consent. 
 oggolaisi, V.C., make him consent. 
 oggolan, f.n., acceptance, com- 
 pliance, knowledge animals 
 have of those who feed them 
 and that of small children for 
 their parents. — ti. 
 iss oggolan, f.n., accordance, 
 
 agreement with. — ti. 
 oggolaw, v,i., accept, comply, be 
 willing ; nefkasi wa i oggol- 
 yahai, that animal knows me ; 
 nef oggol, a tame animal. 
 ohon (for ohaw), v.tr., know ; wa 
 la yahan, it is known ; ninkas 
 ad lo yahan i so kahai, lead 
 
OHO 
 
 115 
 
 EAB 
 
 that ■well-known man to me 
 (some use the Arabic word 
 ma'ruf, well known ; ninki 
 ma'rufkaaha iga yed, call me 
 the well-known man). 
 
 ohon, /.re., knowledge, science. — 
 ti. 
 
 ohonlaan, jf.n., ignorance. — ^ti. 
 
 ohonin, m.n., acquaiutrmce. — ki, 
 "— yo. 
 
 ohousi, V.C., make him know, be 
 acquainted with. 
 
 ohonso, v.tr., get acquainted with. 
 
 ohli, m.n., bag. — gi. 
 
 oi, v.i., cry, weep ; oiya, wan 
 oiyi ; mahal ruhba oiyaya, 
 heiirJ a spirit crying. 
 
 kaga oi, v.c, make him cry. 
 
 oin, /.«., sigh, cry, weeping. — ti. 
 
 oil, v.i., be lying, remain quie- 
 scent, live. 
 
 'oil, m.n., adversary, army, enemy. 
 — ki; 'oil ahada, be enemies; 
 'oil bainu nahai, we are ene- 
 mies ; wa 'oU, or wa iss u 'oil, 
 they are enemies. 
 
 'ollow (with la), v.i., become ene- 
 mies with ; — 'olloba, become 
 (ye) enemies ; wai 'ollobi, they 
 will become enemies. 
 
 'oUad, f.n., enmity, dispute, feud, 
 levenge, vengeance. — di, 
 
 'olladi, v.i., revenge, take ven- 
 geance. 
 
 olol, v.i., growl ; gelu wa olola, 
 tlie camel growls. 
 
 olol, or oM, m.n., flame, blaze. — 
 
 ki, — yo. 
 ololi, v.tr., inflame, light s dabka 
 ololi, light the fire. 
 
 on, m.n.. thirst. — ki. 
 
 omanaw, v.att., be thirsty ; iss 
 on tir, or iss harad ttr, quinch 
 your thirst. 
 
 onkod, rn.n., thunder. — ki, — yo, 
 
 'o'ob, m.n., hole between two 
 hides covering a Somali hut in 
 which they can place or con- 
 ceal something.-^ki. 
 
 Orgi, m.n., he-goat. — gi. 
 
 orjujiui, m.n., cripple. — ki ; or- 
 jujun ban aha, I was a cripple. 
 
 orod, v.i., run ; orda, wan ordi ; 
 — tag, go away ; so — , coui>< 
 quickly. 
 
 orod, m.n., running, speed. — ^ki. 
 
 orr, m.n., cry, shout. 
 
 orri, v.i., cry, shout. 
 
 osob, m.n., spring, verdure. — ki ; 
 miyi wa osob, the jungle is 
 verdant. 
 
 owlaled, a., neutral tint, green. 
 
 owlan, a., brnwn, reddish. 
 
 OW (sKB yohow), affix meaning 
 you ; abbihisow kalai, you, 
 his father, come ; abbabaiow 
 kalai, you, my father, come. 
 
 R. 
 
 ra', v.tr., accompany, go along 
 
 with ; iss — , go together ; 
 
 wainu iss ra'i, we go together ; 
 
 so — , come with him. 
 rab, v.tr., wish ; mahad rabta ? 
 
 >> hat do yotr wish 1 
 rabsi; m.n., chewing. — gi. 
 T •■? 
 
EAB 
 
 116 
 
 RAH 
 
 rabso, v.tr., chew ; mahad rabsa- 
 
 naisa ? what are you chewing 1 
 rabrad, or rarad, /.«., coffin, 
 
 bier. — di. 
 rtbiih, Wednesday {see arbaha). 
 rad, m.n., footstep, trace. — ki ; 
 
 rad go, lose the trace ; so rad 
 
 goiyai. 
 radi, v.tr., follow, trace, track, 
 radis, m.n., follower — ki, 
 rad gur, a man who traces an- 
 other ; radkisa gur, trace him ; 
 
 radkayaga gur, follow our 
 
 tracks. 
 ra'do, f.n., pursuit (of enemies, 
 
 robbers). 
 ra'dai, v.tr., pursue. 
 ra'da reb, f.n., those who remain 
 
 behind to resist the pursuers. 
 
 — ti. 
 radah, or rahad, v.fr., grind ; 
 
 radha, wan radhi. 
 radi, a., wishing, willing ; radi 
 
 ban ku ahai, I am willing. 
 raf, m.n., sheep's or goat's hoof 
 
 (for one separately). — ki, 
 rag, m.n., masculine sex, men. — 
 
 gi (when this word is taken in 
 
 a general sense, they say ragi, 
 
 men, people). 
 nin ragah, a brave man, fearing 
 
 God and telling the truth. 
 ragnimo,/!?!., magnaminity, men, 
 
 mankind, 
 rag, v.i., delay, be late, long ; 
 
 mahad ku ragtai ? why have 
 
 you been so late 1 
 ragsan, a.v., late. 
 raji, v.tr., adjourn, delay. 
 ragnin,/!«., delay, slowness. — ti. 
 
 rag'ad, m.n., at the finishing of 
 the Mussulman prayers, when 
 on their knees, they touch the 
 ground with their heads, and 
 this stooping is called rag'ad. 
 In the morning they have two 
 rag'adod, at noon four, and at 
 about 3 or 4 p.m. four ; after 
 sunset they have three rag- 
 'adod, at ishai (about 7 p.m.) 
 four. 
 
 rah, m.n., frog, toad. — hi. 
 
 raha, raho, or rahad, f.n., con- 
 tentment, plentitude of satis- 
 f 11 ctinn, happiness. — di; rahad 
 ban ku haista, or rahaddi ban 
 haista, I have the happiness ; 
 raho yu ku jira, he is in hap- 
 piness ; nin Ebbahai raho u 
 aburai, (iod has created man 
 for happiness. 
 
 rahaisi, v.c, cause him to be 
 satisfied. 
 
 rahaisan, a.v., happy. 
 
 rahaiso, v.i., be satisfied ; ra- 
 haista, wan rahaisan, 
 
 rahmad, f.n., mercy, charity. — 
 di. 
 
 rahim, m.n., charitable man. — ki 
 (nin rahimah is also used). 
 
 rahan, v.tr., pawn (give as secu- 
 rity) ; rahma, wan rahmi, 
 
 rahmad, f.n., pawn, security. — 
 di. 
 
 rahan, fn., flock of quadrupeds, 
 assembly of men. — ti ; rahanti 
 meshi bal inai jogto dai,'look 
 if there is an assembly of men. 
 
 rah, V.I., bend, stoop for drinking 
 water, lap. 
 
EAH 
 
 117 
 
 Eiy 
 
 fah, /.«., corpse, cadaver. — di. 
 
 rakal), m.n., passenger. — ki. 
 
 rakab, or rakakab, m.n., stirrup, 
 brave man, warrior. — ^ki, — yo. 
 
 rako', f.n., a profound inclination 
 made in. praying.-^di. 
 
 rako', v.i., make a profound in- 
 clination. 
 
 rai and rairai, v.i., rejoice, cheer ; 
 iss ka — , be glad, rejoice. 
 
 rairaisi, v.tr., cheer, rejoice ; 
 kaga — , make him rejoice. 
 
 rain, f.n., joy, gladness. — ^ti. 
 
 rai's, m.n., barber, shaver. — ki. 
 
 rais, m.n., wet land, wet soil 
 found in digging and turning 
 over the ground. — ki. 
 
 ra'is, m.n., prime, the first. — ki. 
 
 rais magado, f.n., bridge of the 
 foot, sole. 
 
 rajai, m.n., orphan. — gi (used 
 especially for one bereaved of 
 mother). 
 
 ramash, m.n., fertile place, covered 
 with grass (well watered). — ki, 
 
 ran, f.n., ringlet of hair. — ^ti ; 
 rantayuhudda, the curl of hair 
 the Jews have on each side. 
 
 rani, f.n., queen at cards. — di, 
 
 raniyad, f.n., queen {see mali- 
 kad),— di. 
 
 ranji, m.n., colour. — gi. 
 
 ranji, v.tr., paint ; wan ranjiyi. 
 
 rar, v.tr., load. 
 
 rar, m.n., load. — ^ki. 
 
 raran, a.v., laden. 
 
 rar, f.n., room (in a house), a 
 place upon a tree where rob- 
 bers hide the stolen things. — 
 ti. 
 
 rar, v.i., prepare a place in a 
 house, on a tree 
 
 raran, a.v., ready, prepared ; 
 mesha wa rarantahai, the 
 place is ready, prepared. 
 
 rarab, f.n., hand-barrow used for 
 carrying dead bodies. — ti. 
 
 raran, m.n., embers, sand heated 
 by the sun.— ki. 
 
 ras and ras gura, m.n., ant-hill 
 (of hndanjo). — ki, — gi. 
 
 rasas, f.n., lead. — ^ti, 
 
 rash, m.n., shot. — ki. 
 
 rasi, m.n., cape. — gi, 
 
 rasai, v.tr., heap up, accumulate. 
 
 rasaisan, a.v., accumulated. 
 
 rasais, m.n., accumulation. — ki. 
 
 rasul, m.n., apostle. — ki. 
 
 rati, m.n., he-camel. — gi, 
 
 rawi, m.n., wealthy. — gi ; nin 
 rawiah, a wealthy man. 
 
 reb, v.tr., leave, lay aside, away ; 
 wan kugu rebi, I will leave it 
 ior you ; ku reb, leave out. 
 
 rer, m.n., assemblage of Somali 
 huts within -an enclosure, vil- 
 lage, family. — ki ; rer kani wa 
 rerma? or rer ma tihin? or 
 war ! rerku wa rerma ? wiiose 
 rer is this 1 A Somal in the 
 jungle, wishing to speak po- 
 litely to the inhabitants of a 
 rer he does not know, asks one 
 of the above three questions. 
 
 rer miyi, m.7i., a countryman. — gi. 
 
 rer magala, f.n., people oi a 
 town. — di, 
 
 ri, f.n., she-goat. — di. 
 
 riyo, m.n., goat (general name). 
 — hi. 
 
BIT 
 
 118 
 
 ECH 
 
 nyoi, OT riyo, m.n., dream. — ki; 
 
 wa riyod, it is a dream. 
 riyo, v.i., dream. 
 rial, m.n., thaler, dollar. — ki (see 
 
 harsM). 
 rid, v.tr., pitch, throw, upset ; 
 
 ku — , put in, throw in, aim 
 
 at ; wan ku ridai o la wahyai, 
 
 I aimed at it and missed it ; 
 
 kaga — , shoot ; waraba ma- 
 
 dahha kaga rid, shoot that 
 
 hyteiia in the head ; ka — , 
 
 conduce. 
 rif, v.tr., phime or pluck (a bird, 
 
 a fowl). 
 rifii, m.n., a bold and headstrong 
 
 man. — M. 
 rifakal, in.n., a bold man, taking 
 
 the part or party of the rifai. 
 rih, v.tr., push, shove. 
 rih, m.n., push, pusljing. — M. 
 rima', or rimai', fraction \. 
 rimai, m.n., matiix, womb. — gi. 
 
 This word is not habitually 
 
 used in speakiiii; of women, 
 
 although it is the true word 
 
 tor matrix. 
 rcb, m.n., rain. — ki ; biyiH 'ar- 
 
 rada rogai, deluge. 
 rodol, m.n., pound (weight). — 
 
 ki. 
 r'g, v.tr., reverse, turn, set upside 
 
 down, spill, take ashore, land ; 
 
 war alabadada rog, land your 
 
 yoods ; SO — , bring ashore. 
 rdgan, a.v., upside down ; distigi 
 
 wa roganyahai, the kettle is 
 
 upside down. 
 rogan. v.i., be troubled ; wan 
 
 rogmi. 
 
 rcgmo, v.i., be set upside down ; 
 kolka dunidu rogmato, when 
 the world will be set upside 
 down, or destroyed. 
 
 rog^n, f.n., abashment, spolia- 
 tion, landing. — ti. 
 
 ron, a., good, generous ; wa ron, 
 it is good ;• ka ron tahai, it is 
 better than, or it is more ; 
 Yusuf Musa ka ron, Joseph is 
 better than Moses ; ina ka ahli 
 ron, he is more intelligent than 
 we are. 
 
 ror, v.i., run, palpitate. 
 
 ror, m.n., kind of lizard. — ki. 
 
 riibab, m.n., marsh. — ki, — yo. 
 
 rubad, m.n., life. — ^ki, — yo. 
 
 rubad, f.n., the place below the 
 throat, just above the middle 
 of the chest, the thyroid body, 
 trachea. 
 
 rubiad, f.n., rupee. — di ; rubabi 
 (plur.). In counting, Simials 
 employ the contraction rubod, 
 instead of rubiadod. 
 
 rubi, m.n., 1 shilling, 8 annas. 
 
 rug, f.n., abode, dwelling, resi- 
 dence, tent. — ti. 
 
 rugajso, v.i., live, dwell. 
 
 rug, m.n., knee, callousness of the 
 knees. — gi, — yo. 
 
 rug, v.tr., break the bone in 
 gnawiig it. 
 
 ruh and ruhruh, v.tr., shake, 
 swing. 
 
 ruho, v.i., be .shaken, tossed ; 
 dabaisM ya i ruhdai, I was 
 tossed by the wind. 
 
 ruVian, a.v., shaken, tossed. 
 
 ruhnin, f.n., shake, shaking. — ti. 
 
EUH 
 
 119 
 
 SAB 
 
 ruhan, v.p., be crushed down, 
 downcast, exhausted ; ruhma, 
 wan ruhmi; wa si ruhmi, I 
 shall be exhausted (in going) ; 
 wa so rnhmai, I was exhausted 
 in coming. 
 
 ruhsad, f.n,, permission. — di ; 
 mhsad i si, give me permission. 
 
 rukun, m.n., leg (of a chair, a 
 table, a bed). — ^ki. 
 
 raji, v.tr., eradicate, uproot; 
 
 riijin, or rujis, f.n., eradication. 
 — ti, — ki. 
 
 rum, Turkey. 
 
 rumi, m.n., Turk. — gi. 
 
 rumai, m.n., toothbrush, tooth- 
 stick. — gi. 
 
 run, f.n., truth, certainty. — ti ; 
 wa run, wa runtis, wa run- 
 ted, wa runtod, it is true. 
 
 rumai, v.tr., ascertain, confirm 
 the truth. 
 
 rumaiso, v.tr., believe, take the 
 truth for certain. 
 
 rumaisad, m.n., belief. — ki. 
 
 rushai, v.i., besprinkle water in 
 front of the house after sweep- 
 ing in order to get fresh air ; 
 u rushai, water for him. 
 
 rushaiso, v.r., water for yourself. 
 
 S, Sh. 
 
 sa, contr. for sida, so ; war ! sa 
 fal, oh! do so; sa berri an 
 falo, let me do so to-morrow. 
 
 sa (root), meaning a portion of 
 
 time ; saka, this morning ; sa 
 dambe, the day after to-morrow ; 
 sakab, or sakun, the day after 
 the day after to-morrow. 
 
 sa', m.n., cow ; sa'ha, si'hi, the 
 cow ; sa'yaw, cows (plur.). 
 
 sa'ab, m.n., Somali dance (men 
 and women dance together 
 striking their hands), palm of 
 the hand ; sa'abka ku 'un, eat 
 with the hand. 
 
 sa'ad, f.n., hour, clock, watch. — 
 di ; sa'ad badked, half-an- 
 hour. 
 
 sab, f.n., general name given to 
 the three Somali castes, Tumal, 
 Midgan, Yibir; Tumal wa sab. 
 
 sab, m.n., light wooden basket- 
 work surrounding the jars of 
 ghee and butter, lid used for a 
 deri, or disti. 
 
 sabab, f.n., cause, reason, risk 
 (success as well as failure is 
 called sabab). — ti ; wahhas 
 sababtisi mahai ahaid ? what 
 was the cause of that 1 sababti 
 wahhai ahaid, the cause was 
 that. 
 
 sabab, v.tr., risk ; la'ag^ada 
 wahha ku sabab, risk your 
 money in that atiair. 
 
 sababo, v.i., adventure, dare. 
 
 sabai, v.i., float ; miyidku wa 
 sabainaya, the corpse is float- 
 ing. 
 
 sabais, m.n., floating. — ki, 
 
 sabbar, m.n., food. — ki. 
 
 sabbar, v.tr., feed, nourish. 
 
 sabbaro, v.tr., feed, maintain 
 (your children). 
 
SAB 
 
 120 
 
 SAH 
 
 sabkah, or sadkah, f.n., fruit 
 wrapped up in a pod or husk 
 covered with prickles. — di. 
 
 sabein, /.)?., she-lamb. — ti. 
 
 Hsabir, m.m., patience, perseve- 
 rance. — ^ki (see samir). 
 
 sabo, f.ti., wet place becoming 
 muddy by the trampling of 
 camels, clean place made dirty, 
 contagious sickness. — di. 
 
 sabol, OT.w., poor man or woman 
 having just what is necessary 
 for a living ; nin, nag sabolah, 
 a poor man, woman ; ninki 
 sabolkaaha, nagti sabolka- 
 ahaid, the poor man, woman. 
 
 sabti, /!«., Saturday. — di. 
 
 sabur, m.n., psalms. — ki, 
 
 sadaho ! int., cry of the poor 
 when asking for alms. 
 
 sadahad, f.n., alms. — di ; sadahad 
 ban ku sin, I will give you 
 alms. 
 
 sadahadai (with ku), v.tr., give 
 alms. 
 
 sadahaiso, «.?•., give alms (for 
 yourself, for your good). 
 
 sadar, m.n., row, line. — ki ; sadar 
 U jogsada, arrange yourself, 
 sit in a row, line. 
 
 sadeh, num., three. — di ; sadeb. 
 hai ban ku lehyahai, I have 
 to tell you three words. 
 
 sadehad, num.ord., third, thrice. 
 
 sado, f.n., privilege. 
 
 safai, v.tr., clean. 
 
 safaisan, a.v., clean, cleansed. 
 
 safan, or daba safan, m.n., kind 
 of fish. — ki. 
 
 safan, f.n., chaps (of the heel), 
 
 especially due to walking on 
 wet gras"!. — ti. 
 
 (nin) safanleh, m.n., traveller. — 
 hi; safanlayashi ba yimadai, 
 tlie travellers have come. 
 
 safar, m.n., caravan, journey 
 (made with a caravan). — ki ; 
 sa&o (plur.) ; annaga o sa- 
 farah, our caravan. 
 
 safar, v.i., travel with a caravan ; 
 safra, wan safri ; safarka bore 
 ka so had o ka dambe ra', 
 leave the first caravan and go 
 with the second. 
 
 nin safarah, a traveller with a 
 caravan. 
 
 saflri, or masifiri, v.tr., expel, 
 banish ; la masafiri, he is ex- 
 pelled. 
 
 safirsan, a.v., expelled ; ninki 
 safirsana, the expelled man. 
 
 safli, m.n., hide adorned or embel- 
 lished with rows of shells. — gi, 
 
 sagal, num., nine. 
 
 sagalad, num.ord., ninth. 
 
 sagashan, num., ninety. 
 
 sagan madon, f.n., nape. — ti. 
 
 sagaro, or saiaro, f.n., sand 
 antelope. 
 
 sahai, provisions either for main- 
 tenance at home or for travel. 
 — di. 
 
 sahal, v.tr., bless {see sal). 
 
 sahal, v.tr., render easy, ease. 
 
 saharad, f.n., wooden box, case. 
 — di. * 
 
 saharo, f.n., fecal matters, urine. 
 
 saharo, or saharod, v.i., purga 
 ventrem ; so — , go and purga 
 ventrem. 
 
SAH 
 
 121 
 
 SAM 
 
 saheb, m.n., master, sir. — ki. 
 sahib, m.n., companion, friend. — 
 
 ki. 
 saheh, m.n., signature. — hi. 
 sahima, sehimad, or sihimad, 
 
 f.n., boat. — di. 
 sah, f.n., night (time of sleeping). 
 
 ^di. 
 sah dehe, f.n., midnight ; sahda 
 
 dehe tos, arise at midnight. 
 sah, m.n., two annas. — hi. 
 sahaf, m.n., roof. — ki. 
 sahaf, f.n., woman's comb (with 
 
 ten or twelve teeth).- — ti. 
 sahran, v.i., be drunk ; sahrama, 
 
 wan sahrami. 
 (nin) sahransan, a.v., drunk. 
 kaga sahrami, v.c, make him, 
 
 cause him to be drunk ; war ! 
 
 igaga sahrami, oh ! you will 
 
 make me drunk. 
 Sakar, m.n., sternum, breast-bone. 
 
 — ki. 
 sai'd, v.ir., asperse, sprinkle ; iss 
 
 ka — , throw ; ku — , sprinkle 
 
 on him, them ; uagu said, be- 
 sprinkle us ; ahalka hortisa 
 
 biyaha ku sai'd, sprinkle water 
 
 in front of the house, 
 saim, m.n., a fasting man. — ki ; 
 
 saimin (plur.). 
 sain, f.n., hair of a horse's tail, 
 
 mane of a horse. — ti. 
 sal, m.n., breech, bottom of a 
 
 vessel, foundation, groundwork. 
 * — ki ; salka dig, sit down. 
 sal, a., true ; wa sal, it is true ; 
 
 Eraiga Ilahhi wa sal, the word 
 
 of God is true ; eraigasi wa 
 
 sal, that word is true. 
 
 sal (see sahal), v.tr., bless. 
 
 salad, f.n., prayer. — di. 
 
 salah, m.n., deck of a ship. — hi. 
 
 salah, v.tr., pat, stroke, soothe, 
 smoothe. 
 
 salahid, f.n., caress, pat, smooth- 
 ing. — di. 
 
 salahnodleh, m.n., bustard (large 
 one). — hi. 
 
 salam, v.tr., salute, hail. 
 
 salam, salutation, hail ! salam ale- 
 kum, salutation to a stranger. 
 
 salamad, f.n., salutation, farewell 
 (be in safety). — di, 
 
 salasa, f.n., Tuesday.— di. 
 
 salid, f.n., oil. — di. 
 
 salib, m.n., cross. — ki, — ^yo (see 
 iss ku talab), 
 
 sallado, f.n., kind of spear. 
 
 sallah, m.n., place prepared in a 
 boat for passengers. — ^hi, 
 
 sallan, m.n., staircase, ladder. — • 
 ki. 
 
 salo, f.n., dung (of camels, sheep, 
 goats). 
 
 salol, m.n., jowaree. — ^ki. 
 
 samah, f.n., pardon. — di. 
 
 samah, v.tr., pardon, forgive, ex- 
 cuse ; wan samihi ; i samah, 
 excuse me ; issa samaha, par- 
 don each other ; manta wan 
 ku samahaya e mar kaleh ha 
 u nohon, I pardon you to-day, 
 do not do it again, 
 
 samai, v.tr., do, make, construct, 
 repair ; dunidu wahba laga 
 ma samain, the world is made 
 out of nothing ; la — , transact, 
 act with. 
 
 samaisan, a.v., made. 
 
SAM 
 
 122 
 
 SAB 
 
 samaisnaw, v.att, be made. 
 
 samaisan, v.pass., te made ; sa- 
 maisma, wan samaismi ; ka 
 samaisma, is made of, from. 
 
 samain, /.)(., making, construc- 
 tinn. — ti. 
 
 samais, m.n., maker of every- 
 thing, constructor. — ^ki, ■ — yo. 
 
 iss ku samai, v.tr., join with 
 thread, rope, nail. 
 
 iss ku samais, m.n., joining ; iss 
 ku samaiski, the joining. 
 
 dar samai, v.tr., weave. 
 
 saman, m.n., goods, things. — ki ; 
 samanki o dan laga so rog 
 markabka, all the goods have 
 been brought from the ship. 
 
 saniar (with ka), v.i., give up for 
 lost (it is the word used at the 
 announcement of a death). 
 
 sa'maran, f.n., nice dates. — ti. 
 
 sambab, m.n., lungs. — ki, — yo. 
 
 sambil, m.n., basket. — ki. 
 
 samir, m.n., patience, perseve- 
 rance. — ki. 
 
 samir, v.i., be patient, perseve- 
 ring, endure with patience ; 
 samra, wan samri. 
 
 san, aff., used with wah ; wa 
 wahsan, it is good, well. 
 
 san, m.n., nose. — ^ki ; san balla- 
 dan, a flat nose. 
 
 sanharor, m.n., bridge of the 
 nose. — ki, 
 
 sanho, f.n., channel of the nose, 
 twang. 
 
 sanholeh, m.n., snuffer, a man 
 hMving a twang. — M. 
 
 san, f.n.', hide of camels and of 
 neat cattle.— ti. 
 
 santa ka bihi, v.tr., skin, flay. 
 
 Sana', m.n., conjuror. — hi, 
 
 sana'ad, f.n., conjuration. — di. 
 
 sana'h.0, f.n., charm given to a 
 sick person, or words pro- 
 nounced to conjure his evil, 
 bad spirits. 
 
 sanad, f.n., year. — di ; sanaddi 
 hore, the past year, ago (even 
 long ago) ; sanaddi dowed, 
 past year (not long ago) ; sa- 
 naddan so so'ota, this coming 
 year. 
 
 sanam, m.n., idol. — ^ki, — ^yo. 
 
 sanduh, m.n., box, chest, trunk. 
 — M, — yo. 
 
 sanga, or sangai, m.n., stallion. 
 —hi. 
 
 sanhad, f.n., noise, sound, sound 
 in the desert. — di ; degaiso ! 
 sanhad ban mahlaya, hark ! 
 I hear a sound. 
 
 kaga sanhadi, v.i., make a noise 
 (with something). 
 
 saniinad, f.n., curry. — di. 
 
 sar, v.tr., place, put on, set on ; 
 so — , bring away, make go out. 
 
 saran, a.v., placed ; wah mel 
 saran, a thing put in a place. 
 
 sarrai, v.i., be (plaged) first, go 
 at the head of, before ; ina- 
 mada u sarrai, be the first of 
 tlie boys ; ugu sarrai, be the 
 first of all, go belore ; nagu 
 sarrai, go before us ; ka — , 
 be over the others, command, 
 sway. 
 
 sarraisi (with ugu), v.tr., appoint. 
 
 sarsar, v.i., put one over the 
 other. 
 
SAR 
 
 123 
 
 SEE 
 
 sara ka', v.i., get up, rise. 
 
 sara ka', m.n., a getting up, re- 
 surrection. — M. 
 
 sar, v.tr., cut, incise. 
 
 sarsar, v.t?:, vaccinate, cut the 
 skin. 
 
 sarsar, m.n., vaccination, cutting 
 of tlie skin. — ki. Somals have 
 the hahit of cutting the skin 
 ot their children when they are 
 sick and especially when they 
 are pot-bellied. 
 
 sarmo, f.n., cut, gash, incision. 
 
 saro, v.i., copulate, coire ; sarta, 
 wan saran. 
 
 sarab, m.n., row. — ki. 
 
 sarab (with ku), v.ti:, put in rows 
 and join ; lohyada ahalka ku 
 sarab, floor the ropm (cover 
 with planks) ; alwahda sarab- 
 keda, the flooring. 
 
 saran, f.n., groin (of the body). 
 -ti. 
 
 sarar and dina', fillet (the loins 
 of a horse, an ox ...). — ti, and 
 — M. 
 
 saren, m.n., corn, flour of wheat. 
 
 sarir, f.n., bed. — ti. 
 
 sarrah, v.i., go free. 
 
 sarrahi, v.c, set free (cause to be 
 free). 
 
 sarrif, m.n., change of money. — 
 ki. 
 
 sarrif, v.tr., change ; rubiadda i 
 sarrif, cliange me the rupee ; 
 SO — , go and change. 
 
 sarmh, m.n., bandit, highway- 
 man. — hi. 
 
 sasab, v.tr., induce, persuade; wa 
 la sasabai, he is persuaded. 
 
 sasabo, v.tr., fl itter. 
 
 sasab, or sasabnin, m.n., persua- 
 sion, enticement. — ki, — ti. 
 
 sawahan, m.n., clamour, outcry. 
 — ki. 
 
 sawaheli, m.n., negro, slave.: — gi. 
 
 sawir, m.n., drawing, image, pic- 
 ture, photograph. — ki, 
 
 sawir, v.tr., draw, picture. 
 
 sawirau, a.i'., pictured, repro- 
 duced in picture, photo, ... 
 
 sayad, m.n., fisherman. — ki. 
 
 sayah, m.n., dew. — M. 
 
 sayahsan, a., dewy ; dulku wa 
 sayahsanyahai, the earth is 
 dewy. 
 
 sayah, m.n., goldsmith. — hi. 
 
 se, coiij., but (never used at the 
 beginning of a sentence). 
 
 seb, m.n., oar. — ki. 
 
 sebiyan, m.n., servant. — ki; se- 
 biyan ba lehyahai, he has a 
 servant. 
 
 sefari, m.n., string, twine. — gi. 
 
 seh.0, v.i., sleep ; so — , go to 
 sleep. 
 
 sehi, v.i., make (him) sleep, blow, 
 put out ; ilmaha sehi, make 
 the baby sleep ; siradka sehi, 
 blow out the lamp. 
 
 sehasho, f.n., sleep. 
 
 seid, f.n., sinew, tendon. — di. 
 
 seif, f.n., sword. — ^ti. 
 
 sem, v.tr., touch (in playing). 
 
 se'ni, or su'un, m.n., plate, dish. 
 — gi, or — ti, — yo. 
 
 sergad, or sergan, f.n., flogging, 
 scoui-ging. — di, — ti. 
 
 serkal, m.n., authority, govern- 
 ment. — ki. 
 
SEE 
 
 124 
 
 SHA 
 
 serkal sarai, m.n., governor ; 
 
 serkalki sarai, the governor, 
 serkal, m.n., gentleman ; sara- 
 
 kishi, the gentleman. 
 serji, m.n,., brink, hem. — gi. 
 serwan, f.n., rod, stick. — ti. 
 serwanai, v.tr,, flog, scourge, 
 sesa, or sisa, f.n., dust, sand 
 
 (raised up by the galloping of 
 
 horses), whirlwind or gusty 
 
 wind. — di. 
 setto, f.n., fetters (for a camel's 
 
 forelegs). 
 sha'ab, m.n., coral. — ^ki. Sha'ab 
 
 is the proper name of the place 
 
 where the residency of Ber- 
 
 berah is built. 
 shabak, m.n., net. — gi, — yo. 
 shabel, m.n., leopard, panther 
 
 (hunting leopard).^ki. 
 shabuk, m.n., whip. — gi. 
 shaf, m.n., callousness of the 
 
 camel's chest. — ki. 
 shafi'i, one of the Mohamedan 
 
 .sects. Sonials are of the sha- 
 
 fi'i creed. 
 shag, m.n., wheel of a carriage. 
 
 snab, /.ra., a game which Somals 
 are very fond of. It consists 
 in three squares unequal in 
 size, one inside the other, and 
 joined by perpendiculars pass- 
 ing through the middle of 
 each side ; each of the two 
 players has twelve stones or 
 shells, which are either of a 
 different colour or kind from 
 those of his opponent, so that 
 they may recognise them easily. 
 
 shah, m.n., tea. — hi, 
 
 shahi, m.n., labourer, workman. 
 — gi ; uiuki shahigaaha, a 
 labourer. 
 
 shahai, v.i., work. 
 
 shahaisi, v.i., make him work. 
 
 shahaiso, v.i., work for yourself. 
 
 shuhul, m.n., labour, work, busi- 
 ness. — ki, 
 
 shakal, or shekal, m.n., fetters 
 (for horses, mules). — ki. 
 
 shekal, v.tr., fetter, put on fet- 
 ters. 
 
 shakamad, f.n., leathern halter. 
 — di. 
 
 shaitan, or shaidan, m.n., Satan, 
 devil, demon.— ki, 
 
 shalai and shalaito, ad., yester- 
 day. 
 
 shama', or shimai', m.n., wax, 
 candle. 
 
 shambel, m.n., wild beast about 
 the size of a fox. 
 
 shan, num., five. 
 
 shanad, num.ord., fifth. — ki, — di, 
 
 shan iyo tobnad, m.n., a fort- 
 night. — ki; shan iyo tobnad- 
 kas dan yu ina ka mahna, 
 all this fortnight he was absent 
 (from us) . 
 
 shansho, f.n., part of the leg 
 under the knee. 
 
 shar, m.n., evil. — ki. 
 
 sharad, m.n., bet. — ^ki, — yo. 
 
 la sharatan, v.i., bet ; la shara- 
 tama, wan la sharatami. 
 
 sharer, m.n., forest.— ki. 
 
 shareri, v.t7\, make a forest, 
 
 mel shareran, a forest. 
 
 sharub, f.n., mustachio. — ti. 
 
SHA 
 
 125 
 
 SHI 
 
 i, m.n., fringe. — ^ki. 
 
 shausliuga, m.n., greyish red 
 mongoose. — hi. 
 
 sheg, v.tr., say, relate, tell ; u — , 
 communicate, tell him ; bein 
 — , tell, say a lie, be untruth- 
 ful ; wah — , foretell, predict ; 
 wah ban shegi, I will foretell. 
 
 shego, v.tr., demand, claim. 
 
 sheko, f.n., history, tale, tradi- 
 tion. 
 
 sheko u mari, v.i., narrate, tell a 
 story. 
 
 shehmad, or shehnad, v.tr., load, 
 freight. 
 
 shehnadan, a.v., loaded, laden. 
 
 shehnad, f.n., cargo, loading. — di. 
 
 sheklad, f.n., public house (stew). 
 — di. 
 
 sheih, m.n., sheik, chief, Musul- 
 man saint. — hi. 
 
 shid, v.tr., inflame, light, kindle ; 
 dabka shid, light the lire. 
 
 shidan, a.v., inflamed, lit. 
 
 shid, v.tr., stone. 
 
 shid, m.n., stoning. — ki. 
 
 shido, f.n., feast in which a goat 
 is killed. 
 
 shido, f.n., hurly-burly, bustle, 
 row, clatter. 
 
 shidai, v.i., make a noise, cater- 
 waul. 
 
 shil, v.tr., fry. 
 
 shilan, a.v., fried ; shilan yahai, 
 it is fried. 
 
 shilo, v.r., fry (for yourself) ; 
 shisha. 
 
 deriya shil, m.n., a man frying. 
 — ki. 
 
 shilato, f.n., a woman frying. 
 
 shilis, a., fat, stout ; ninki, ni- 
 manki shishla, stout man, 
 men ; uagti shishlaid, the 
 stout, fat woman ; nagihi 
 shishla, the fat women. 
 
 shishlai, v.tr., make fat. 
 
 shishlow, v.i., become fat. 
 
 shilin, f.n., tick (the flat one), in- 
 sect, camel's louse. — ti. When 
 this louse bites other animals 
 it causes them to be sick. 
 
 shimbir, f.n., bird. — ti. 
 
 shimbir libah, f.n., owl. — di. 
 
 shin, m.n., the nine months of 
 pregnancy. — ki ; shinki ma 
 aha, he has not the time ; — 
 dal, one who is born in his time. 
 
 shini, f.n., bee. — di. 
 
 shir, m.n., assembly, rendezvous, 
 council, assembly of men in 
 the house of a chief. — ki. 
 
 shirka tag, v.i., go to the council, 
 meeting ; sMrkan tegi, I will 
 go to the meeting. 
 
 so shira, v.i., have an a.=isembly, 
 assemble ; waiau so shiri, we 
 will have an assembly, a meet- 
 ing. 
 
 shirsi,- v.tr., reunite. 
 
 shira', or shirah, m.n., sail of a, 
 ship. — ^hi, — yo. 
 
 shishai, f.n., prp. and a., distant, 
 beyond, the following, the last ; 
 halka shishai, that di^^tant 
 place ; nohadda shishadedu 
 jogo, he is beyond the tower ; 
 kau maaha, wa ka shishai, 
 it is not this, it is the next, 
 the following ; adigu u shishai, 
 be the last of all. 
 
SHO 
 
 126 
 
 SIB 
 
 shoi, f.n., a tree and its fruit, 
 which is like a cherry. — di. 
 
 sholaboli,/.M., cash (silver money), 
 two anna piece. 
 
 shub, v.tr., put in, spill, melt, 
 pour out ; so — , pour out to- 
 ■\varfls me ; si — , conHnue to 
 snill ; ku — , put in ; buradka 
 shub, melt the butter ; 'anihi 
 hanti ku shubai, I put the 
 milk in the jar; wahad igu 
 shubaisid, garan mayo, 1 do 
 not understand what you tell 
 me ; wa biyaha la shubayo, 
 it is spilt watpr. 
 
 shubo, ku shubo, v.r., put in, 
 liour in (for yourself). 
 
 shuban, ax., melted ; bur'ad 
 shuban ban'aba, I drink 
 melted butter. 
 
 shuban, v.yi., be molted, lie 
 purged ; shubma, wan shubmi; 
 bur'adku ba skubmo, let the 
 Gutter be melted ; dabada ka 
 sbuban, take a purge (lit. be 
 purged from the back). 
 
 shuban, m.n., effect of a purga- 
 tive. — ki. 
 
 shuban, a., straight, nicp. ; ul 
 shuban i so ibi, buy a straight 
 stick for me ; nin shuban, a 
 nice man (tall and of a straight 
 stature). 
 
 shuh, m.ii., hazj' weather. — hi, 
 
 shukan, f.n., lielm. — ti. 
 
 si, f.n., manner, mode. — di, 
 
 sida, sidas, sidan, ad., thus, so ; 
 sidas ma tahai ? is it so ? or 
 arp you so f wa sidas, it is so ; 
 sidan u samai, do so (as I say). 
 
 sidai, conj., as. 
 
 side, ad., how ? wa side ? how is 
 itf sidan (for side) ban u gala? 
 how can 1 do that % 
 
 si un, ad., somehow ; si un u gal 
 iss kaga tag, do it somehow 
 (in any manner whatever) and 
 sro away. 
 
 si kasta, conj., however, 
 
 si, 'particle. This particle is often 
 used before the verb to point 
 out either a tendency from me' 
 to a place, or the continuity of 
 the action expressed by the 
 verb : si da, let go ; si mar, 
 pass by (from me to ...) ; si 
 da', continue to plunder ; si 
 shahai, continue to work. 
 When this particle is added to 
 the verb it gives to it a causa- 
 tive sense : shahai, work ; 
 shahaisi, cause to work. 
 
 si, v.ir., give, bestow: si — , dis- 
 tribute ; so — , give to him, 
 briy, take and bring to me ; i 
 so si, take and bring to me ; 
 wan ku so sin, I will buy for 
 you ; — SO, buy for vonr^elf ; 
 sista, wan sisan ; orod o basal 
 sisQ, go and buj' onions for 
 yourself; orod basal so si, 
 go and buy onions f )r me. 
 
 siya, w.n., giver. — hi ; ninki,fi 
 wa siya, basha, diba, densi, 
 this man is a giver, geueroUs-;, 
 benevolent. 
 
 sin, f.n., gift, present. 
 
 sibah, m.n., dye. — hi ; sibah ma- 
 dow 'adan, indigo. 
 
 sibah, v.tr., dye. 
 
SIB 
 
 127 
 
 SIS 
 
 (nin) sibahah, m.n., dyer. — M. 
 sibibah, /.«., a rleclivity, slope. — 
 di ; mel sibibahab, a sloping 
 place. 
 sibibaho, v.i., sl'de. 
 
 sibrar, m.n., leatliern water-bag, 
 cbagul. — ki. 
 
 sid, v.tr., carry, bring ; war san 
 ban ku sida, I bring to you 
 good news. 
 
 sido, v.r., take and carry for 
 yourself; sita ; sorta sido, or 
 iss ka sido, take ynur food. 
 
 sided, num., eight. — di. 
 
 sidehtan, num., eighty. — ki. 
 
 sidedad, num.ord., eighth. — ki, 
 — di. 
 
 si'g, m..n., hartebrest or Coke's 
 antelope. — gi. 
 
 sigo, /.«., sand on the road, sand- 
 storm [see sesa). 
 
 sihin, f.n., melted hiitter. — ti. 
 
 sil, m.n., vagina.— ki. 
 
 silei', m.n., suffering, torment, 
 torture. — hi. 
 
 silei', v.p., be tortured. 
 
 sili'i, v.tr., torment, torture, per- 
 secute. 
 
 sila'n, a., dull ; sbuhul sila'n, 
 dull work. 
 
 (nin) sila'san, a.v., tortured man. 
 
 silsilad, f.n., chain. — di. 
 
 silsiladai, v.tr., fetter, enchain. 
 
 simbiririho, v.i., slide, slip. 
 
 simbiririho, f.n., slide, slip. 
 
 simbiririM, v.c, cause him to 
 slide, slip. 
 
 simid, m.n., cement. — ki. 
 
 sin, or iss kn sin, v.tr., flatten, 
 level ; sima, wan simi. 
 
 simanjfl.t)., plain, smooth, straicrht, 
 parallel ; dilimihi wa siman- 
 yihin, the lines are parallel ; 
 iss ku simanyihin, they are 
 equal. 
 siman, or sinin, m.n., plane, sur- 
 face, — ki, — ti. 
 sin, m.n., mucus discharged from 
 the nose. — fci. 
 
 sinso, v.i., wipe your nose. 
 
 sin, f.n., hip. — ti ; sino or simo 
 [plur). 
 
 sino, f.n., adultery. 
 
 sinaiso, v.i., commit adultery. 
 
 sinaisi, v.c, cause to commit 
 adultery. 
 
 sindi, m.n., bracelet, armlet (of 
 silver). 
 
 singal, m.n., client, a man who 
 comes under the protection of 
 a powerful man. — ki. 
 
 sinif, v.tr., intrnduce, produce ; 
 erai 'usub sinif, create a new 
 word. 
 
 sinjibil, f.n., ginger. — sM. 
 
 sirad, m.n., lamp. — ki, — yo. 
 
 sirad, v.tr., light ; siradka sirad, 
 light the lamp. 
 
 siradan, a.v., lit, lighted ; sirad- 
 ka siradan i ken, bring me a 
 lighted lamp, 
 
 siriri, v.tr., choke, strangle. 
 
 siririn, or siriris, m.n., strangu- 
 lation. — ti, — ki. 
 
 sisa, or sesa, f.n., dust, sand- 
 storm. — di. 
 
 sisib, f.n., sliding on a stone. — 
 ti. ■ 
 
 sisibi, v.c, canse to slide. 
 
 sisibo, v.i., slide,- slip. 
 
SIT 
 
 128 
 
 SOB 
 
 sitah, m.n., necklace or garland 
 (for horses). — hi, — yo. 
 
 siyahad, f.n., ornaments for wo- 
 men, bracelets, necklaces of 
 silver and of precious metals 
 or stones. — di. 
 
 siyar, vA., make a feast ; nin la 
 la sahiro ba tahal, you are a 
 man to feast with us. 
 
 siyaro, or siyarad, f.n., feast. — 
 di. 
 
 so, particle, used either after or 
 before the verb. "When after 
 the verb, it gives to it a kind 
 of reflective sense ; when be- 
 fore the verb, it points out 
 either a movement in the ac- 
 tion expressed by the verb with 
 a sense of coming back, or a 
 tendency towards me: U so dib, 
 give him to bring home ; so 
 heli, bring back to me ; so 
 durug', come near. 
 
 so', or kala so', « tr., distinguish, 
 separate ; midahas kala so', 
 peparate those fruits; iuamada 
 AMI wan ka so' or ka deh 
 so'i, I will separate Abdi from 
 the boys. 
 
 so'an, a.v., distinct ; sadehda hof 
 ba kala wa so'an tabai o Hah. 
 keliah iss ku yihin, the three 
 Persons are distinct one from 
 the other and are only One 
 God. 
 
 so'din, f.n., separation, distinc- 
 tion, division. — ti. 
 
 sod'al, m.n., journey, travel, tra- 
 veller. — ki; ninka sod'alkisi 
 wah absileh bu aha, the tra- 
 
 vel, journey of that man was 
 dangerous ; ninka wein e ad 
 arkaisa wa sod'al, the big 
 man you see is a traveller. 
 
 (nin) sod'alah, m.n., traveller ; 
 ninki sod'alkaaha, the tra- 
 veller. 
 
 soda'l, vd., travel. 
 
 soddog, m.n., father-in-law. — gi, 
 — yo. 
 
 soddoh, f.n., mother-in-law. — di. 
 
 sodon, num., thirty. 
 
 sofa, m.n., file. — hi. 
 
 sofai, v.tr., file, sharpen. 
 
 sogsog, f.n., fibrous tree with 
 curved thorns. — ti. 
 
 sog^, m.n., red mongoose. — ki. 
 
 soh, v.tr., carl, twist. 
 
 sohan, a.v., curled, twisted. 
 
 sokai, a., near; mel sokai, a near 
 place. 
 
 sol, v.tr., broil, grill. 
 
 solai, m.n., gridiron. — gi, Somals 
 use a stick in the place of iron. 
 
 son, m.n., fast, fasting. — ki. 
 
 (nin) soman, m.n., fasting, hungry 
 man ; ninki somana, the fast- 
 ing man. 
 
 SO'O, v.i., go on, move, proceed, 
 walk ; so — , come to me ; si 
 — , continue to go on ; U so'o, 
 go, walk for. 
 
 so'od, m.n., walk. — ki, 
 
 SO'odsi, v.tr., advam-e, set for- 
 ward; sa'adda so'odsi, put 
 the clock on. 
 
 sor, f.n., food. — ti. 
 
 soryo,/w., food given to a stranger 
 on the first day, hospitality. 
 
 soryai, v.i., give hospitality. 
 
sow 
 
 129 
 
 TA 
 
 SOW and show, particles exprcss- 
 inc; some doubt, perhaps; sow 
 sida ma aha ? is it not so 1 
 show wa sidas, perhaps it is 
 so; SOW markabka ma yimado, 
 pei'haps the ship will- not come? 
 show manta yimadai, perhaps 
 p]ie has come to-dav ; SOW sa- 
 'addu tobamki maaha? is it not 
 ten o'clock t show sa'addu wa 
 tobanki, perhaps it is ten. 
 
 sual, v.tr., ask, question. 
 
 sual, f.n., question. — shi. 
 
 subag, m.n., ghee (general name 
 for all melted fat). — gi. 
 
 subah, m. andy!«., morning. — hi, 
 — di, — yo. 
 
 Eubaihi, m.n., police, policeman. 
 — gi ; subaihin (plur.). 
 
 suf, m.n., rag. — ^ki. 
 
 sufur, m.n., brass. — ki. 
 
 sufur, f.n., dust made by camels 
 on the march. — ti. 
 
 SUg, v.i., wait, have patience, 
 Jiope. — ti. 
 
 sugnin, f.n., waiting, patience, 
 hope. — ^ti. 
 
 sugninleh, a., patient. 
 
 sugninla, a., impatient. 
 
 SUg, v.i., suffer, beat hard. 
 
 sugan, a.v., suffering, beaten hard, 
 severely ; nin sugan, a suffering 
 man ; wil sugan, a boy severely 
 beaten. 
 
 suh, v.i., faint, swoon. 
 
 suhsan, a.v., fainted ; ninki suh- 
 sana ban arkai, I saw ihe man 
 in a faint. 
 
 suhdin, f.n., fainting, sw^on, 
 epilepsy. — ti. 
 
 suhur, f.n., meal taken durin'::; 
 Kamadan, between midnight 
 and four o'clock. At midnight 
 a man cries in the streets : su- 
 hur ya saimin! suhur ya 
 saimin! eat (meal) you lasting 
 men. 
 
 suhuro, v.i., take your meil. 
 
 suh, m.n., bazaar, market. — ^hi, 
 J^yo. 
 
 sujud, f.7i., profound inclination, 
 
 consisting in kneeling down 
 
 and touching the grounl witli 
 
 the forehead. — di. 
 sujud, v.i., make the inclination. 
 sul, m.n., thumb, toe. — ki. 
 suldan, m.n., sultan. — ki. 
 sulub, 7ii.n., soft iron used for 
 
 making spears.— ki. 
 sumad, f.n., mark, sign, emblem. 
 
 — di.' 
 sumad, v.tr., mark, sign. 
 sun, m.n., poison. — ki. 
 siin, m.n., man's belt, waist-band. 
 
 — ki ; suman {plur.). 
 sunkor or sonkor, f.n., sugar. — ti. 
 surin, f.n., street. — ki. 
 surual, m.n., trousers, pantaloons. 
 
 — ki; sarawU (pZMr.). 
 suryo,/;w., noose, a running knot. 
 suryo, v.i., noose, make a i-unning 
 
 knot. 
 
 ta, ti, tu, f.m-t., the. 
 tX, ti, tan, tana, A , « 
 tani,tanu,tas, 7'^«"*^7f/""" 
 
 tasa,tasi, tasu, r*Ktli^t^y°"' 
 ter, tg, 
 
 'jy-: 
 
 nder. 
 
TA 
 
 130. 
 
 TAH 
 
 tai, taida, taidi, taidu, poss.f. 
 
 a/JJ.prn., my, mine. 
 t:, tida, tadi, tadu, posi'.f.adj. 
 
 prn., tliy, tliine. 
 tis, tisa, tisiftisvi, poss.w.adj ._prn., 
 
 liis, liis own. 
 ted, teda, tedi, tedu, poss.f. adj. 
 
 p)rn., lior, hers. 
 taya, tayada, tayadi, tayadu, 
 
 pos'<.a.prn., our, ours (mine 
 
 and thuiip). 
 ten, tena, teni, terni, posn.a.prn., 
 
 our, ours (youis nnd mine). 
 tin, tina, tini, thm, posi.a.pm., 
 
 your, yours. 
 tod, toda, todi, todu, poss.a.prn., 
 
 theirs. 
 te ? int.fem.prn., what '! which ? 
 
 teba? which of you'? 
 tuma? int.fem.pyn., who'! wa 
 
 tuma? who is 1 
 tab, /.«., a kind of play, especially 
 
 in wrestling. — ti. 
 ta'ab, m.n., torment, pnin, suffer- 
 ing. — ki ; ta'abka 'adabtu wa 
 
 dambaiya hadainan wanak- 
 
 sanain, the torments of hell 
 
 are Ijereafter if we are not 
 
 good. 
 tabo, v.tr., touch, fes'l. 
 tabsi, v.<:., make him touch, feel. 
 tabasho, f.n., touch, feeling ; ta- 
 
 bashadada ban garanaya, I 
 
 feel your touching. 
 ku taba', v.tr., aspire after, fight 
 
 for; wan tabe'i. 
 tababar, v.tr., correct, break a 
 
 horse, subdue. 
 tabahad or dababad, f.n., hulk 
 
 or carcass of a ship. — di. 
 
 tabalo, f.n., a thing wanted at 
 once and earnestly desired. 
 
 tabalaisnaw, v.tr., long for ; la- 
 'agtaida wan u tabalaisnahai, 
 I want to have my money. 
 
 tabalaisan, a.v., in want of, 
 wanting ; ninki tabalaisna, 
 tlie man in want. 
 
 tadbir, f.n., plan. — ti. 
 
 tag, ».«., go; wantegi; teg, he 
 is gone ; wilkl teg, the boy is 
 gone ; nagti tagtai, the woman 
 is gone ; iss ka — , go away ; 
 U — . go to him ; si — , go first, 
 I will come after. 
 
 tegnin, m.n., departing, going. — 
 ki. 
 
 tag,/n., strength. — ti. 
 
 tag, v.tr., fi.'c (a stake firm and 
 straight) ; iss ■ — , halt, stop ; 
 ku — , prop, shore up. 
 
 tagan, a.v., fixed, firm, straight, 
 upright. 
 
 tagnow, v.i., stand, be standing 
 firm. 
 
 tagog or tagogo, yin., fore-arm. 
 
 tab, v.i., groan, moan. 
 
 tab, m.n., groan, moan. — M, — JO. 
 
 tah, v.tr., put in line, in rows ; 
 wan tihi ; alelhaha tah or iss 
 kutah, arrange, put these shells 
 in a line ; si tah, continue to 
 put. 
 
 tahsir or taksir, f.n., off'cnee, 
 guilt, punishment. — ti. 
 
 tahsirleh, a., guilty. 
 
 tahsirla, a., nut guilty, innocent; 
 ninkasi wa nin tahsirla, or 
 tahsir ma leh, or tahsir mo, 
 laha, that man is iijnoccnt. 
 
TAK 
 
 131 
 
 TAR 
 
 takar, m.n., gad fly. — ki. 
 
 takfi or tafki, m n., flea.— gi. 
 
 tako, /.«., span. 
 
 tal, root. 
 
 tali (with ku), v.tr., arrange, 
 settle, arbitrate ; wahlia ku 
 tali, settle that ; la — , ad- 
 duce, manage with him, sug- 
 gest ; iss la — , settle for 
 yourself; so — , go and settle; 
 u — , manage, educate ; arur- 
 tada u tali, educate your chil- 
 dren ; u si — , manage, settle 
 for; shuhulkisa u si tali, 
 direct his work or put the 
 work (in place) for him ; 
 holada u si tali, settle the 
 aflair of that tribe ([ say so to 
 a man I send for -that purpose). 
 
 taUya, m.n., manager, arbitrator. 
 — hi. 
 
 talo, /.«., management, decision, 
 arrangement, determination, re- 
 solution, token, settlement; ta- 
 lada 'aloshaida ku jirta wa 
 adagtahai, the decision of my 
 heart is firm ; iss ku — , having 
 the same manners, feelings ; iss 
 ku talainu (for talo yainu na- 
 hai), we have the same feeling? ; 
 labada nia wa iss ku talo, these 
 two men have the same manners. 
 
 tx ku talo, v.i., take your re- 
 venge, suifer in your mind, 
 regret. 
 
 ur«ku talo, /.»., revenge, feeling 
 of hatred, sufleiing in the mind, 
 regret. 
 
 tasho, v.tr., think of (what you 
 have to do, either good or bad). 
 
 examine, consider; war! horta 
 tasho, oh ! think of, consider 
 before doing ; so — , go and 
 think of, consider, examine ; 
 la — , think of with; 'aloshada 
 la tasho, consider, think of it 
 within yourself ; 'aloshisii la 
 tashanaya, he is tliinking in 
 his heart. 
 
 tasM, m.n., thought. — gi. 
 
 iss ku talo, f.n., arm-bones (the 
 two parts of the arms united 
 to the hand and shoulder), also 
 the bones of forelegs. 
 
 talab, v.i., take a step, a pace. 
 
 talabi, v.c, cause to march, step, 
 carry over. 
 
 talabo, f.n., pace, step, gait. 
 
 ka talab, v.tr., cross, pass through. 
 
 iss ku talab, f.n , cross. — ti ; 
 iss ku talabti, Issa Ebbehen 
 wa 'ulus bai ahaid, the cross 
 of Jesus our Lord was heavy ; 
 iss ku talab samai, make a 
 cross. 
 
 tamanta, m.n., speaking during 
 sleep, dream. — hi {iee awawi,. 
 
 tamashlai, m.w., walk. — hi. 
 
 tamashlai, v.i., wt Ik, take a walk ; 
 so — , go to walk ; si — , con- 
 tinue to walk. 
 
 tamuh, f.n., level ground, quick- 
 sand. — di. 
 
 tanag, m.n., tin box, the metal 
 itself. — gi. 
 
 tantomo, /.ra., fist. 
 
 tauton, v.tr., fist, box, bang; taa- 
 toma, wan tantomi. 
 
 tar, v.tr., render a service, oblige, 
 war ! i tar, render me a service, 
 
TAR 
 
 132 
 
 TIE 
 
 ■ or oblige me (in putting this 
 on your camel) ; wan ku tari, 
 I will render you service, oblige 
 you. 
 
 ■wah tar, m.n., use, utility. — ki. 
 
 wah. tar, v.i., be of use, useful ; 
 kitabkasu wah ba taraya, that 
 book is useful ; nin wah tara 
 ahaw, be a man of us^e ; nag 
 wah tarta ahaw, be a useful 
 woman ; wahba ha tarin, be 
 of no uBe. 
 
 wah ma tarai, m.n., useless man. 
 —hi; wahba an ma taro, 1 
 am of no use, or nin wah ma 
 taraiah ban ahai, I am a use- 
 less man. 
 
 an wahba tarain, a., useless (for 
 things). 
 
 tar, v.tr., incrpase, multiply, get 
 more ; iss ku — , increase, get 
 more strength, size ; mahad iss 
 ku taraisa ? why do you in- 
 crease y GUI self 1 or why are you 
 boasting of yourself ? 
 
 taran, v.i., be multiplied, in- 
 creased ; tarma, wan tarmi. 
 
 tarin, m.n., multiplication, multi- 
 plying.— ki. 
 
 tar, m.n., telegraph. — ki. 
 
 tarih, m.n., era, date. — hi, 
 
 tarshad, j^w., wave. — di. 
 
 taurad or torad iyo injil, m.n., 
 hitile. — ki iyo, ki. 
 
 taubad or tobad, /.«., penance. 
 — di. 
 
 taubad or tobad ken, m.n., peni- 
 tent, doing penance. — ki. 
 
 taubad or tobad ken or yelo, 
 v.i., do penance, atone for ; 
 
 Ilahhen Issa dembigaini u 
 
 taubad kenai, Jesus our God 
 
 did penance for (atoned for) 
 
 our sins. 
 tebed, /.«., vessel for ghee (made 
 
 of camel's leather ; it is larger 
 
 than the vessel called ubo). — di. 
 tebeda dara, m.n., ladle, used for 
 
 soup and ghee. — ^hi. 
 teh or tih, m.n., shower of rain. 
 
 —hi. ■ 
 tehteh or tihtih, v.imp., shower ; 
 
 wa tehtehaya, it showers. 
 teri, m.n., kind of big and heavy 
 
 spear (used by the Gadabursi). 
 .— gi. 
 
 tib, /.«., wooden pestle. — ti. 
 tidi', v.tr., tress, plait (hair, 
 
 ropes ...); tida'a, wan tidi'i. 
 tido'O, v.i., tress, braid your hair. 
 tida'an, a.v., braided. 
 tida'sho, /.«., braid, texture, 
 tidei', m.n., plait of hair (as 
 
 Somali girls have). — hi. 
 tifih, /.«., drop. — di; tifih bi- 
 
 yaha, a drop of water. 
 tiked, m.n., ticket, stamp (ticket 
 
 of a passenger). — ki. 
 tikso, v.tr., stretch out. 
 tiksi, m.n., stretching out. — gi. 
 timir, /.«., dates. — ti. 
 tin, OT.ra., hair. — ki; timo (plur.); 
 _ timaha damanka, whiskers. 
 tuunod, m.n., hair remaining in 
 
 the comb. 
 tir, v./r., blot out, clean ; iss-ka 
 
 — , clean yourself; sinka iss 
 
 ka tir, wipe your nose. 
 'ada tir, v.tr., appease, calm the 
 
 anger. 
 
TIE 
 
 133 
 
 TUI 
 
 tiri, v.tr., account, calculate, 
 
 count ; ku — , add to ; mid- 
 
 midu — , enumerate. 
 tiriya, m.n., accountant. — hi. 
 tiro, f.n., account, calculation, 
 
 sum, means also hundred ; 
 
 tira adiga au lehyahai, I 
 
 have one hundred sheep and 
 
 goats. 
 tirso, v.r., count for yourself; ku 
 
 — , account with, add to. 
 tiro badan, a.v., numerous. 
 tir, m.n., column, pier. — ^ki. 
 tiri, v.tr., prop, underpin ; ku — , 
 
 lean against something, bend, 
 
 incline, stoop, recline. 
 tirso, v.r., lean yourself ; ku — , 
 
 lean upon, lounge, stroll ; ha 
 
 ku tirsan, do not lounge, 
 
 stroU. 
 tob, v.tr., cup, apply a cupping- 
 glass. 
 tobin, m.n., cupping-horn (used 
 
 instead of a glass). — ki. 
 tdbnin, f.n., cupping. — ti. 
 niu wah toba, nag wah tobta, a 
 
 cupper. 
 tobad {see taubad). 
 toban, num., ten. — ki. 
 tobnad, num.ord., tenth. — ki or 
 
 — di. 
 todoba, num., seven. — di. 
 todobad, num.ord., seventh. — ^ki 
 
 or di. 
 todobatan, num., seventy. — ^ki. 
 tog, la togo, (nin) tog badan, 
 
 see dug, la dugo, dug badan. 
 tohob, f.n., pellicles (of the head 
 
 especially). — ti. 
 tol, v.tr., sew, tack ; ad u — , 
 
 sew well ; iss ku — , join, sew 
 
 together. 
 dar tol, m.n., tailor. 
 kaba tol, m.n., shoemaker. 
 kaba tolai, m.n., awl, bodkin ... 
 
 tools of a shoemaker. 
 tolnin, f.n., sewing, seam. — ^ti. 
 tol, m.n., tribe, caste, nation, race, 
 
 kind, sort. — ki ; iss ku — , of 
 
 the same tribe, of the same 
 
 kind, sort ; iss ku tol bannu 
 
 nahai, we are of the same 
 
 tribe ; bahalahasi wa iss ku 
 
 tol, those beasts are of the 
 
 same kind, 
 tolmon, a., good, virtuous ; ninki 
 
 tolmona, the virtuous man. 
 tolimo, f.n., goodness, charity. 
 tolmonow, v.i., be good. 
 tolmonai, v.tr., make good; wilka 
 
 tolmonai, make the boy good. 
 ton, f.n., garlic. — ti. 
 torog, m.n., giant, stout man. — 
 
 gi, — yo ; torogga dai, look at 
 
 that giant. 
 tos, v.i., arise, get up. 
 tosi, v.tr., awake, raise. 
 tosnin, /;«., rising, getting up. — ti. 
 tosnow, v.i., be right. 
 tos, a., right ; was tos, it is 
 
 right; eragasi wa tos, that 
 
 word is righc. 
 tos, m.n., straightness. — ki. 
 tosan, a., straight, upright; ushasi 
 
 wa tosantahai, that stick is 
 
 straight. 
 tu, v.i., kneel down (addressing 
 
 a camel). 
 tui', v.i., make the camel kneel 
 
 down. 
 
TUD 
 
 134 
 
 TtTE 
 
 tud (with u), v.ir., soften, soothe, 
 
 alleviate, allay. 
 tudad or tudnin, f.n., alleviation, 
 tuf, vd., spit. 
 tufiiin, f.n., spitting. 
 tag, m.n., thief, robber, rascal, 
 
 rogue, scoundrel, vagabond. — 
 
 gi- 
 
 tngo, f.n., robbery, theft, knavery. 
 
 tulmii, m.n., suspicion, accusation 
 based only onsome probabilities. 
 — ki. 
 
 tuhun, v.tr., suspect, accuse ; tu- 
 hiima, wan tuhtuni; nin, ninki 
 la tuhinai, a suspected man ; 
 Abdi wa un la tuhmai, Abdi 
 only was accused. 
 
 tulmnsan, a.v., suspicious. 
 
 tuka or tukai, m.n., crow^, raven, 
 —hi. 
 
 tuko, v.i., pray; SO — , go to 
 pray ; si — , continue to pray ; 
 u — , pray for; la — , pray 
 with. 
 
 tukasho, f.n., prayer. 
 
 tukub, v.i., stagger, walk with 
 difficulty (it is said of an old 
 man or of a sick one); iss ka 
 si — , continue to ... ; ku — , 
 walk with ; ho, usha ku tukub, 
 take a walk with a stick. 
 
 tukabai, m.n., bandy, crutch, 
 stick. — hi. 
 
 tujad or tijad, m.n., hen. — ki. 
 
 tuji or tuki, v.i., be the leader in 
 prayer. — ki. (The leader in 
 jjrayer, or he who stands in 
 front of the Moliamedans, is 
 called Iman.) 
 
 tuji, v.tr., touch in pressing; 
 
 darka tuji, press the clothes 
 (for washing them). This word 
 is often used in a bad sense as 
 in naska tuji; iss ku — , press 
 on ; iss — or iss tutuji, touch 
 yourself ; ga'antada iss ku 
 tuji, touch yourself with your 
 hand. 
 
 tul, v.tr., heap, accumulate. 
 
 tumujad, f.n., revolver, pistol. — 
 — di. 
 
 tumujai, v.tr., thump, box, bang. 
 
 tumujo, /.w., blow, bang, box. 
 
 tumuu, m.n., four annas, j of a 
 rupee. 
 
 tun, v.fr., forge, grind (with a 
 pestle) ; tuma, wan tumi ; ku 
 — , strike upon. 
 
 tuman, a.v., forged ; waranku 
 wa tumanyahai, the spear is 
 forged. 
 
 tumal, m.n,, smith, blacksmith 
 (name of a low Somali caste). 
 ki. 
 
 tuman, m.n., eunuch, see dufa- 
 nan. 
 
 ugad tuman, m.n., gelding. 
 
 tur, v.tr., cast, throw ; iss ka — , 
 throw ; ku — , throw at, on ; 
 iss u turtura, throw at each 
 other. 
 
 turonturo, v.i., stumble. 
 
 turonturo, f.n., stumble, trip. 
 
 tur, f.n., hump, hunch. — ti. 
 
 tiirleh, a., hunchbacked. 
 
 turjuman, m.n., dragoman, inter- 
 preter. — ^ki. 
 
 turub, m.n., s. and pi., cards (a 
 set of). — ki. 
 
 turub ayar, v.i., play at cards. 
 
TCS 
 
 135 
 
 TJLtr 
 
 tus, v.tr., point out, show ; so 
 — , go and show ; si — , show 
 (when you are going). 
 
 tusbah, m.n., rosary, chaplet. — 
 hi, — yo ; ninkasi tusbah iyo 
 massala iyo weiso yu sita, 
 that man carries a chaplet, a 
 prayer-skin, and a vessel fur 
 washing himself (these three 
 things are required fur being 
 a saint amoiig.-.t the Somals). 
 
 tutuwai, kind of corrosive medi- 
 cine (as far as I could make 
 out, it is sulphate of copper 
 mixed with something, I could 
 not find out what). 
 
 TJ. 
 
 U, with its appropriate consonant, 
 
 def.art., the. 
 U, usagii, wa, bu, yu, pers.prn., 
 
 he. 
 u, pers.prn., to him. 
 ugu, pers.prn., to him ; kolkad 
 
 halka ugu tagto, when yuu go 
 
 to that place to him» 
 Uga, from him. 
 U, prp., to, for ; is also used in 
 
 forming adverbs. 
 ubah, m.n., flowers of the tree.s 
 
 hearing edible fruits.- — ^hi, — 
 
 yo- 
 
 ubahaiso or uboho, v.i,, flouri h, 
 
 blossom. 
 ubo, f.n., vessel for ghee, gnurd. 
 'udad, f.n., anvil.— di ; 'udaddi 
 
 yaraid, the small anvil, hand 
 
 anvil. 
 
 'udal, f.n., surety, security, 
 
 pledge. — shi; 'udal i si, give 
 
 a security, pledge. 
 udgon, m.n., perfume, scent. — kL 
 udgon, a., aromatic. 
 udgouai, v.tr., perfume ; iss — , 
 
 perlume yourself ; la — , it is 
 
 perfumed. 
 ugonow, v.i., be perfumed. 
 udub, m.n., frame, prop (the. two 
 
 props forming the frame of a 
 
 yomali tent door). — ki, — yo. 
 'udud, f.n., back part of the arm. 
 
 — di'. 
 'udur, m.n., sickness. — ^ki; wa 
 
 nia 'udur haba, it is a sicic 
 
 man. 
 'udur had, v.i., l>e sick. 
 Ugadsi, m.n., chase, hunting. — 
 
 ugadso, v.tr., chase, hunt. 
 Ugad, f.n., game, every kind of 
 
 wdd animal good fur eating. 
 
 — di. 
 
 egg. — ^hi ; ugahhan 
 
 chief, king. — ki, — 
 , virgin, girl, maid. 
 
 ugah, m.n. 
 
 (plur.). 
 Ugas, m.n., 
 
 yo. 
 Ugub, m.n. 
 
 — ki, — yo. 
 ugubod, m.n., general name fur 
 
 all maids. — ki. 
 'ukad,/.M., skin not cut (as they 
 
 are sold in Berberah). — di. 
 ul, f.n., stick. — shi. 
 ulai, v.tr., flog. 
 ulais, m.n., flagellation.^ — ^ki. 
 ululi, v.i., stitch aci oss (a bad word, 
 
 meaning: enter in vagina); ho- 
 
 yadl ululi is a very bad curse. 
 
ULA 
 
 136 
 
 TJNN 
 
 ula'ul, /.M., leecli. — shi. 
 
 uiimo, see ardai, /.«., reunion, 
 congiegation of wadads. 
 
 'Tllus, a., heavy, important; uinki 
 'usla, the important njan. 
 
 'ulais or 'ulusnimo, f.n., heavi- 
 ness, importance. — ki, — di. 
 
 umi, v.tr., warm, perfume a room 
 liy hurning incense in the vase 
 called idan ; iss — , perfume 
 )'()ui-selt. 
 
 unco, v.r., perfume yourself with 
 incense. 
 
 unsi, m.n., act of perfuming. — 
 
 gi. 
 
 umi, m.n., vapour clinging to the 
 lui of a k el tie when the water 
 1 oils. — gi. 
 
 uir.is, m.n., steam, vapour, 
 waimth. — ki. 
 
 umul, f.n., a pregnant woman 
 . near her deliverance. — sM. 
 
 Timul, v.i., give birth (used only 
 when the time of deliverance 
 is near); wan umuli, I will 
 f^ive birth (a inothir alone can 
 sjieak so). 
 
 umuli (with ka), i-.tr., attend to 
 (a woman during her confine- 
 ment) ; kalai oka umuli, come 
 to attend to; iss ka — , attend 
 10 myself. 
 
 umulisso,y.?!., midwife, nurse. 
 
 umur, f.n., wonder, every as- 
 tiiLishing thing, jirodigy.' — ti. 
 
 uitur, f.n., will ; umurta Ebba- 
 hai oggolaw, submit to the 
 will 01 God. 
 
 'umur, m.n., age. — ki. 
 
 tin, dr., create (for God alone) ; 
 
 Ilah ba nafo usub Umi dona, 
 
 God will create new souls ; 
 'asho walba Ilah ba uma, God 
 creates every day ; Ilah. ba du- 
 niyada iimai, God haJ created 
 tlie world. 
 
 uman, a.v., created ; dadku wa 
 uman yahai, man is created ; 
 nafti wa umantahai, jidki se 
 wa dashai, the soul is createu, 
 but the body is generated. 
 
 Umanow, v.i., be created. 
 
 un. m.n., creature. — ^ki ; dadku 
 wa iin, man is a creature ; 
 nnka o dan wa la hisabi 
 dona, all the creatures will 
 be judged. 
 
 un, a.v., only, soever; wu un nol 
 yahai, be only is living ; war ! 
 Jama un igu yed, call me only 
 Jama. 
 
 nin un, rel.pm., whosoever, 
 whomsoever. 
 
 wah un, rel.pru,, anything, what- 
 ^oever. 
 
 mel un, ad., somewhere. 
 
 gor un, ad., any time soever. 
 
 'un, v.tr., eat ; la — , it is eaten ; 
 lagu — , be eaten ; hadu ma- 
 galada tago, wa la 'uni, if he 
 goes to the ccjuutiy, he will be 
 eaten ; wa la 'uni, I shall I.e 
 eaten ; wa nai la 'uni, we shall 
 be eaten. 
 
 'una, m.n., throat. — hi; 'unaha 
 hado, catch him by the throat; 
 'una habatai, .strangle ; wan 
 ku 'una habatain, 1 ^jill 
 strangle you. 
 
 'Tinno, f.n., food, meal, dinner ; 
 
UNA 
 
 137 
 
 w 
 
 'unnadi wa samaisantaliai, 
 
 the dinner is ready, 
 
 una'as, /.«., quail. — ti. 
 
 unun, ni.M., wildwater-melon(very 
 sour and eaten by goats). — ki. 
 
 ur, m.n., smell, smelling, odour, 
 scent. 
 
 ursi, v.tr., make him smell. 
 
 urso, v.tr.^ smell, snufif. 
 
 ur hudmun, a., stinking. 
 
 ur, m.n., belly, womb, foetus.— ki; 
 iir bai lelidahai, she is preg- 
 nant ; 'udur urka laga haya, 
 she has a sickness in the womb. 
 
 ur hanuu or 'alol hanun, m.n., 
 belly-ache, colic. — ^ki. 
 
 ur hiuno,/.??!, resentment, rancour. 
 
 <urad, m.n., eldest son. — ki. 
 
 'urad higai, m.n., younger son, 
 cadet.— hi; gar u dambais 
 has the same meaning. 
 
 'urdan, m.n., spray, bud, shoot, 
 the fruit remaining after the 
 fall of the flowers. — ki. 
 
 urgumo, f.n., venom, venomous 
 liquid, poisonous substance, pus, 
 matter. 
 
 'uri, m.n., wife, woman, lady. 
 — di. 
 
 'urian, m.n., palsy. — ki, 
 
 (nin) 'urianah, a. , paralytic, knock- 
 kneed ; ninki 'urianaba, the 
 paralytic ; nimanki 'urianaba 
 or 'uriamadaaha, the paralytic 
 men. 
 
 urur, m.n,, assembly, concourse, 
 crowd, mobj meeting. — ^ki. 
 
 urur, v.i., be assembled, flock. 
 
 ururi, v.tr., assemble, accumulate, 
 collect, combine, gather; so — , 
 
 assemble, gather together ; ni- 
 . mankas balka ku so ururi, 
 
 assemble these men here. 
 ururis, m.n., gathering. — ki. 
 urursau, a.v., assembled, gathered ; 
 
 midibi wa urursanyibin, the 
 
 fruits are gathered, 
 urursanow, v.i., be gathered. 
 'ur'ur, m.n., wrist. — ki. 
 us, m.n., dung, excrement. — ^ki, 
 uslabais, f.n., entrails, intestines. 
 
 — ti, 
 uslaho or uslobo, /.re.pZ., bowels, 
 
 intestines. 
 US ! interj., be quiet ! silence ! 
 
 (abbreviation of amus), 
 'usbob, m.n., salt. — hi, 
 uskag, m.n., dirt. — gi. 
 uskagleh, «., dirty; wUkasi uskag 
 
 bu lehyahai, that boy is dirty. 
 uskagai, v.tr., dirt, defile, 
 uskagaisan, a.v., dirtied, defiled. 
 'uski, v.i., make him lean, incline, 
 
 stoop. 
 'usko, v.r., incline (yourself), lean, 
 
 stoop. 
 'uskis, m.n., leaning, stooping. 
 
 — ki, 
 'usub, a., new; maradaida wa 
 
 'usubtahai, my cloth is new. 
 'usub, a., clouded, cloudy (before 
 
 rain) ; 'irku wa 'usubyahai, 
 
 the sky is cloudy. 
 
 W. 
 
 W, this letter united to the 
 pers. prn. in its simple form 
 forms other pronouns of very 
 
WA 
 
 138 
 
 WAH 
 
 frequent occurrence ; wan, I ; 
 wad, thou ; wu, he ; wai, 
 she, ... 
 
 wa, particle very often used in 
 the Somali language to assist 
 either the subject or the verb 
 in different tenses. Sometimes, 
 also, it performs the office of a 
 pronoun, sometimes that of the 
 verb of existence ; wa ayo, 
 who is ? wa mahai, what is 1 
 horahdu wa so bahdai, the 
 sun is up. 
 
 wa, tn.n., time, once. — gi ; wa 
 wah jirai, or wahba wa jirai, 
 there was once ; wa hore, 
 wagi hore, formerly, the past 
 time ; wa dambe, wagi dambe, 
 afterwards, the time following; 
 wagi dambe, ninki dintai, the 
 man died afterwards. 
 
 wa', /.«., noise produced bv a 
 sudden blow or thump. — di. 
 
 wa'al or 
 
 illegitimate child. — ki, 
 
 wa'an, good ; wilki wa'ana, 
 wilashi wawa'ana, the good 
 boy, boys. 
 
 wab, /.«., hovel, shed (as that 
 of the tumals).— ti, 
 
 wabayo, /.n., poison, venom. 
 
 wabayai, v.tr., poison ; falladda 
 wabayai, poison the arrow. 
 
 wad, v.tr., row, pull, go on, go 
 before a camel leading it with 
 the rope tied to its head, go 
 along with sheep, leading them ; 
 sehimmadda wad, row the 
 boat ; adiga wad, lead the 
 herd of sheep and goats ; ina 
 
 we'd, m.n., natural, 
 
 kala wad, go away from us ; 
 so wad, pull towards me. 
 
 wada, ind.num., all ; wada yi- 
 madai, all came ; wada tagai, 
 all went ; ka wada, all from ; 
 wada habo, take, catch all ; (this 
 adjective is often used with an- 
 other adjective meaning all) 
 kulligod wada habo, take, 
 catch all. 
 
 wadad, m.n., old man, Musulman 
 monk or priest, a man who has 
 passed through al 1 th e stand ards 
 into which the Goran is divided 
 for the students. — ki. 
 
 wadaf, m.n., sling. — ki, — yo. 
 
 wadfi, v.tr., sling, throw with a 
 sling. 
 
 la wadag, v.i., take part, eat from 
 the same dish. 
 
 vraAkVL, f.n., leathern bucket, pail 
 for drawing water. -^ti. 
 
 wadi, m.n., river. — gi. 
 
 wadna or wadnai, m.n., heart. — 
 hi. 
 
 (nin) wadnala, a., heartless; nin- 
 ki wadnahalaa, the heartless 
 man. 
 
 wah, v.i., do not find; wahya, 
 wan wahyi (the past tense of 
 this verb, when used as an 
 auxiliary, gives to the principal 
 verb a past signification, and 
 points out either a want of 
 will or a want of power, abilitv, 
 and opportunity) ; tegi wah- 
 yai, I would not go (I refused) ; 
 ana meshi tegi wahyai o ka so 
 nohdai, 1 was not willing to go 
 to that place, and I came back ; 
 
WAS 
 
 139 
 
 WAH 
 
 tegi kari wahyai, I could not 
 go- 
 
 ' wah, Mnd of imp.v., meaning he 
 has not found, he did not find ; 
 Ilah ban bariyai e wah, I have 
 prayed to God, and that man 
 has not found what he was 
 looking for; Ali meshi lo dirai 
 wah, Ali did not find iho place 
 he was sent to. 
 
 lah wah, v.imp., it is not found, 
 it could not be found. 
 
 iss ugu wahan, expression 
 meaning have what you de- 
 served, merited ; ana iss ngn 
 wahan, I have what I have 
 merited ; isaga iss ugu wahna, 
 he had what he deserved ; im- 
 inka edinku iss ugu wahna, 
 now you have what you 
 merited ; ada iss ugu wahan, 
 you have what you deserve ; 
 innagu iss ugu wahnain, we 
 have what we merited. All 
 these expressions are used 
 when a man happens to be 
 disgraced or punished by his 
 own fault. 
 
 wah, m.n., thing, some, any. — ^hi; 
 wahhan, this thiny ; wahha, 
 wahhas, that ; wahho, wahhoi, 
 that yonder ; wahho wa ma'hai ? 
 what is that thing yonder ? 
 
 wah, particle united to the simple 
 pers. prn. in the conjugation of 
 some verbs ; wahan, I ; wahad, 
 thou ; wuhu, he ; wahai, she, 
 they; wah'ainu, we; wahaidin, 
 you. 
 
 wah un, a., anything whatsoever. 
 
 wah bug ku so'oda, m.n., reptile, 
 
 any animal crawling along on 
 
 its belly ; wihhi bugga ku so- 
 
 'odai, the reptile. 
 wah u 'eU, v.tr., answer, reply, 
 
 render him somtthing; wah 
 
 ban u 'elin. 
 wah sheg, v.tr., foretell, predict. 
 wah sheg, or nin wah shega, 
 
 m.n., foreteller, prophet, pre- 
 diction, prophecy. — gi, — yo, 
 wah yel, v.tr., abuse, do some 
 
 mischief, injure. 
 wah yel, m.n., mischievous, 
 
 malicious person. — ki. 
 wah yelo, f.n., mischief, abuse, 
 
 injury. — di; ninka wah yela» 
 
 disa eg, look at the mischief 
 
 of that man. 
 wah,/.re.,^, a quarter. — di; mid- 
 
 k'a wahdisi medai ? where is 
 
 the quarter of that fruit ? 
 waha'd,_/.w., association, company. 
 
 — di. 
 la waha'd hado, or la waha'san, 
 
 v.i., associate. 
 wahai, v.tr,, make, do ; la wahai, 
 
 it is made ; so — , go and do. 
 wahan, v.i., be in a gloomy state 
 
 of mind, melancholic, pensive; 
 
 wahama, wan wahami. 
 wahan, m.n., melancholy, pen- 
 
 siveness. — ki. 
 wahar, f.n., kid. — ti. 
 wahsi, m.n., idleness, sloth. — gi. 
 wahso, v.i., be idle, lazy, 
 wahsan, a.v., idle, lazy ; wilki 
 
 wahsan, the idle boy. 
 wahfi, m.n., bracelet (of silver). 
 
 — gi- 
 
WAH 
 
 140 
 
 WAR 
 
 wahhabar, m.n., galaxy, milky 
 way. — ki. (Bomals call so the 
 white tinge appearing in the 
 sky at night, and they say that 
 it is produced by the garment 
 of a Somal's mother, whom he 
 has been condemned to drag 
 along the sky.) 
 • wahti, m.n., season, weather, time. 
 
 waiyai or weiyei, inf. and a., 
 
 so it happened, indeed ! yes, 
 
 it is ; halas waiyai, it is 
 
 finished. 
 waladi, m.n., kind of soup made 
 
 of pieces of meat. — gi. 
 walah, v.tr., stir, move. 
 walah, m.n., stirring, movement. 
 
 —hi. 
 walal, m.n., brother. — ki. 
 walal, J'.n., sister. — sM. 
 walba, ind.ntim., every ; gor 
 
 walba, every time ; mel walba, 
 
 everywhere; kol walba, always, 
 waliba, ind.num., each ; mid 
 
 waliba, each one; mid waliba 
 
 markisa ha so boho, let each 
 
 one come at his turn. 
 walid, m.n., parents and other 
 
 relations. — ki, — yo. 
 walli, /.«., madness, lunacy. — di. 
 wallo, v.i., become foolish, mad ; 
 
 washa, wan wallan. 
 iss walwal, m.n., folly. — ki ; iss 
 
 walwalka dimida, the follies 
 
 of the world, 
 iss walwal, v.r., make yourself a 
 
 fool. 
 
 wallan, a., idiot, lunatic, mad ; 
 ninki walla, the mad man ; 
 
 nagti wallaid, the mad woman ; 
 
 wu or wa wallanyahai, he is 
 
 mad. 
 walo, f.n., kind of kangaroo rat 
 
 with a trunk. 
 walo, f.n., kind of Somali game. 
 
 (They sit down in two rows 
 
 with their faces opposite to 
 
 one another, strike first their 
 
 own hands and chest saying 
 
 jawo, and then they strike the 
 
 hand of the person opposite.) 
 walaisi, v.c, make play. 
 walais (with la, in the sing.), v.r., 
 
 play, 
 wan, m.n., ram. — ^ki. 
 wan bararah, m.n., he-lamb ; 
 
 wanki bararkaaba, the he- 
 lamb. 
 wanag, m.n., goodness, kindness, 
 
 niceness. — gi. 
 wanaji, v.tr., make nicely, arrange 
 
 well in order. 
 wanajiso, v.r., arrange (yourself), 
 
 make ... 
 wanaksan, a., good, nice, kind ; 
 
 ka wanaksan, better; ka wada 
 
 wanaksan or ugu wanaksan, 
 
 the best. 
 wanaksanaw, v.att, be good, 
 u wanaksanow, v.i., be good 
 
 for. 
 wani, v.tr., advise, admonish, 
 
 preach, teach. 
 wane, f.n., advice, counsel, 
 
 preaching. 
 war ! int. of calling, ho I hallo ! 
 
 man ! boy I war boi ! war ya! 
 
 war ya hoi! (sing.) ; ho ! hallo ! 
 
 man ! boy ! war yaryahein ka- 
 
WAR 
 
 141 
 
 WAS 
 
 laiya! {plur.) hallo! come (ye) 
 meu ! boys ! 
 
 war, m.n., news, communication, 
 information, message. — ^ki. 
 
 war gei, v.tr., proclaim, publish. 
 
 warhad, f.n., paper, letter, mes- 
 senger. — di. 
 
 war ken, v.i., bring news ; ka 
 war ken, bring news from, as- 
 certain. 
 
 war kena, m,n., informant, mes- 
 senger. — hi. 
 
 warran, v.tr., announce, inform, 
 acquaint ; warrama, wan war- 
 ami; wahhas wan uga war- 
 rami, I will inform him of that; 
 n — , communicate ; iss ka — , 
 inform of yourself, or (better) 
 how are you ? 
 
 warsi, v.tr., communicate. 
 
 waraiso or warso, v.c, ask the 
 news of him (means let him 
 tell you from whence he comes, 
 and who he is) ; waraista, 
 wan waraisan, or warsada, 
 wan warsan. 
 
 war (root). 
 
 waren, v.tr., pierce ; warema, 
 wan ku waremi. 
 
 waren, v.i., penetrate into (used 
 as a foul word). 
 
 warmo, f.n., intercourse, copula- 
 tion. 
 
 waran, m.n., spear, javelin. — ki. 
 
 waraba and wera, m.n., spotted 
 hysena (Hyiena crocuta). — M 
 (Somals believe the hysena to 
 be a hermaphrodite). 
 
 warabi, v.tr., water, give water 
 to drink ; i warabi, give me 
 
 to drink ; faraska, aurka 
 
 warabi, water the horse, 
 
 camel. 
 warah,/.n., papers, letters (either 
 
 exposed on a table or tied to- 
 
 gi-ther). — di. 
 warah, m.n., whining, sigh. — hi, 
 
 — yo. 
 
 waranus, m.n., big lizard (Abys- 
 sinian). — ^ki. 
 
 wareg or iss ka wareg, v.fr., 
 turn ; ku — , turn by ; ahalka 
 ku wareg, turn by the house ; 
 ku so — , go round, take a 
 trip. 
 
 wareji, v.c, cause to turn, wind 
 up, revolve, spin. 
 
 warwareg and so warwareg, v.i., 
 wander about, stroll, go to and 
 fro. 
 
 warwareji and so warwareji, 
 v.c, cause to wander about, 
 make go to and fro. 
 
 warwareg, yn.n., ramble, ram- 
 bling. — gi. 
 
 waregaiso, v.i., move round. 
 
 warer, m.n., whirl, giddiness. — 
 ki; madah warer, m.n., vertigo. 
 
 warer, v.i., whirl. 
 
 wareri, v.c, cause to whirl, to 
 get giddy. 
 
 warersan, a.v., giddy ; nin warer- 
 san, a giddy man. 
 
 warik,/.«., mushroom. — ti, — ^yo; 
 wa warik, it is a mushroom. 
 
 was, v.i., commit impurity, for- 
 nication, adultery, incest ; ab- 
 baha was, filthy expression 
 very often heard amongst the 
 Somals. 
 
WAS 
 
 142 
 
 WEI 
 
 wasmo, /.»., impurity. 
 
 wasah or wisih, m.n., dirt, filth. 
 
 wasahai,. «.<?■., dir.ty. 
 
 wasahaisan, a.v., dirty j ninki 
 wasahaisua, the dirty man ; 
 wil yow wasahaisni, iga tag, 
 you dirty boy, go away. 
 
 Wasaa', m.n., large plain. — M. 
 
 wasiad, f.n., commandment of 
 God.— di. 
 
 wayel, m.n., old, grown up. — ki 
 (this word is used for a man 
 in his prime, and sometimes 
 for women, girls and. small 
 boys not doing any house- 
 work). 
 
 wayo ? ad., why ? 
 
 wed, m.n., our fate or destiny, 
 God's appointed time, and 
 especially the time of death, as 
 is sentenced by God, according 
 to the Musnlman doctrine (or 
 fatalism).— ki ; wedkisi ba ga- 
 lai, it was his time. 
 
 wegered, m.n., girth (for saddle), 
 belly-band (for hoises, mules, 
 asses ...). — ki, — yo. 
 
 wegered 'ad and madow, m.n., 
 kind of tree, high, without 
 thorns, and having a white 
 bark.— ki. 
 
 wehel, m.n., companion, friend, 
 adherent, accomplice, means 
 also a man that knows the 
 Goran perfectly. — ki. 
 
 weheli, v.tr., attend, accompany. 
 
 wehesho, v.i., become friend, ac- 
 company, iss weheshada, wan 
 weheshan. 
 
 wehel, m.n., God. — ki. 
 
 wei'd or weidnimo,/.??., leanness, 
 faint-heartednes'. 
 
 wei'dai, v.c, make lean. 
 
 wei'dow, v.i., be lean, faint- 
 hearted; wei'doba, wan wei'- 
 dobi. 
 
 weidsan, a.v., faint-hearted, 
 feeble, lean ; ninki weidsana^ 
 the faint-hearted man. 
 
 Weidi, v.tr., ask, enquire, consult; 
 iss — , reflect, ask yourself. 
 
 weidis, m.n., demand, request, 
 desire. — ki. 
 
 weidiso, v.r., apply, ask, demand 
 (for yourself). 
 
 weidar, m.n., large and flat 
 Somali spear. — ^ki. 
 
 weidaro, v.i., pass by; weidarta, 
 wan weidaran ; wa iss weida- 
 ranai, we crossed each other, 
 
 weidari, v.c, cause it to pass. 
 
 iss weidari, v.tr., turn round, tie 
 an animal (by crossing the 
 rope); faraska iss weidari, 
 turn the horse round, tie the 
 horse. 
 
 iss weidar, m.n., crossing one an- 
 other without seeing or finding. 
 — ki. 
 
 iss weidar, m.n., fetters tying th(i 
 right foreleg of an animal to 
 it«i left one. 
 
 weiji, m.n., face. — gi ; weiji 
 bannu iss ku lehnahai, we 
 are acquainted with each 
 other. 
 
 weU, m.n., calf. — ki. 
 
 weil, f.n., heifer. — sM, 
 
 weilo, m.n.pl., calves (general 
 name). — ^hi. 
 
WEI 
 
 143 
 
 YA 
 
 wexLdiO, f.n., milk and butter-milk 
 mixed together. 
 
 weilalis, f.n., skins sewed to- 
 gether and forming a mat. — 
 ti. 
 
 wein, a., hia;, great, large, im- 
 mense ; ka wein, Mgrger, 
 greater ; ka wada wein or 
 ugu wein, the greatest ... ; 
 ninki weina, the big man. 
 
 weinow, v.i., be great, big. 
 
 weinai, v.tr., make big ... ; so 
 — , take and make it big. 
 
 weinan, f.n., greatness, stoutness. 
 — ti. 
 
 Weiweir, m.n., aiBiction, anxiety, 
 discontent. — ki. 
 
 weirweir or weilweil, v.i., be 
 anxious, afflicted, discontented. 
 
 weirweirsan, o.i;., afflicted; nebi 
 Job wa nin weirweir sana, the 
 Patriarch Job was afflicted. 
 
 weiso, f.n., vessel containing 
 water for ablutions before 
 prayer. 
 
 wel, m.n., vessel (general name 
 for utensils or sets of pots, 
 jars). — ki. 
 
 weli, ad., yet ; weli ma halas, 
 not yet finished. 
 
 weliba, ad., still, over again, 
 more; Weliba i si, give me 
 still more. 
 
 weliga, weligi, ad., ever, always, 
 never; weliga wad buki, you 
 will always remain sick. 
 
 weli, m.n., saint. — gi {?ee auliad). 
 
 werar, m.n., attack, assault. — ^ki. 
 
 werar, v.tr., assail, assault ; wah. 
 ka — . fijiht with. 
 
 lagu werar, v. pass., be attacked; 
 wa la i werari, I shall be at- 
 tacked ; wa lagu werari, thou 
 wilt be attacked. 
 
 weyer, m.n., water (of a well). 
 — ^ki. 
 
 wil, m.7i., boy, lad. — ki. 
 
 wiyil, f.n., rhinoceros. — sM. 
 
 Wob, m.n., yellow colour. — ki. 
 
 Y. 
 
 y, this letter, united to the pers. 
 prn. in its simple form gives 
 the forms yan, I ; yad, thou ; 
 yu, he ; yai, she ; yainu, we 
 (I and you); yannu, we (I and 
 he) ; yaidiii, you ; yai, they. 
 
 ya, pers.prn., 2nd pers.sing., tViou 
 (used for vocative of address) ; 
 war ya ! oh ! thou man ! na . 
 ya ! oh ! thou woman ! for the 
 plur. they say waryayahein ! 
 oh ! you men ! or wary a ehein! 
 maha donaisan ? oh! you men, 
 what do you want, wish? war- 
 yaehein! nimanyohow! wah- 
 ha hun iss ka daya, hallo ! you 
 men, leave the bad thing. 
 
 ya, particle used as wa and ba. 
 
 ya, particle used for the verb of 
 existence. 
 
 ya, int.prn., who 1 contraction of 
 aya ? and ya ? what 1 
 
 ya — da, this word expresses 
 present time in a relation, and 
 means then, and is nsed fur 
 iyado o ; yado ai koiki tuka- 
 
YA 
 
 144 
 
 YEL 
 
 shada tahai ya na la werarai, 
 
 when it was the time of prayer, 
 then we were attacked. 
 
 ya', m.n., flight,, escape, running 
 away. — ^hi ; ya'ha dai, look at 
 that flight. 
 
 ya'a, v.i., fly, run away, escape 
 (only used in the plur.) ; wainii 
 ya'i, we will escape, run away, 
 wainu ya'anai, we fled ; so 
 — , fly (ye) towards me. 
 
 ya'ai, <m.n,, boughs put upon and 
 around the hensarer to pre- 
 .■serve the huts from the sand. 
 
 yah, m.n., admiration, marvel, 
 
 ^ wonder, extraordinary thing. 
 — ki. 
 
 yab, v.tr., admire ; hadi dadku 
 wah la ma kara arko, wa yabi, 
 if the people see a miracle, they 
 will wonder, admire. 
 
 yabi, v.tr., astonish, amaze. 
 
 la yab, m.n., amazement, admira- 
 tion, astoni-hment. 
 
 la yab, v.i., be astonished, sur- 
 prised at, wonder. 
 
 yaban, yabsan or la yabsan, a., 
 wonderful, admirable, extrn- 
 ordinary ; wahhasan la yab- 
 sana, this thing is or was 
 wonderful. 
 
 la yabsanaw, v.att., wonder at. 
 
 yag'ar, m.n., B. frereana gum 
 niaieti treo. 
 
 yahan (see ohon), wa lugu ya- 
 han, you are known. 
 
 af yahaiij a., eloquent, tame. 
 
 jid yahan, m.n., guide. 
 
 ya'ni, expression meaning that is, 
 that means. 
 
 yar, a., small, little; nin yar, a 
 small man ; niman yaryar, 
 small men ; nagti yaraid, tiie 
 small woman; ka yar, smaller; 
 ka wada or ugu yar, the 
 smallest, the least. 
 
 yarai, v.tr., lessen, diminish, 
 shorten, abate. 
 
 yaraiso, v.r., lessen, diminish (for 
 yourself) ; sorta yaraiso, do 
 not take so much food. 
 
 yaran, /.«., childhood, littleness, 
 abatement. 
 
 yarad, m.n., second and last pre- 
 sent given by a young man to 
 the father of a girl he is about 
 to marry (this present is given 
 at the moment of marriage). — 
 ki ; yaradki ban hatai, I have 
 received the gift. 
 
 yed, v.tr., call, cry after, aloud ; 
 ugu — , name, call. 
 
 yed and yednin, m.n., call, answer 
 to a call. — ki, — ti. 
 
 Tl yed, v.tr., call for, invite; 
 ninki lo yed, the man is 
 ciilh-d. 
 
 ka yed, v.i., call aloud from; la 
 yed, call, cry with; wilka la 
 yed, cry with the boy. 
 
 lagu yed, v.jiass., be called ; wa 
 la i yedi, 1 will be called ; wa 
 nailo yedi, we will be called. 
 
 yel, v.i., yield, obey, listen to, 
 do ; wahha abbalia ku dirayo 
 yel or abbaha wuhu ku dirayo 
 yel, do what your father scut 
 you for ; abbalia hadalkisa 
 ban yeli, I will listen to the 
 word of the fatlier; wa nin 
 
TEL 
 
 145 
 
 YUS 
 
 hadalkisa la yela, he is a man 
 whose word is obeyed ; iss — , 
 obey yourself ; iss yel, iss yel- 
 yel, do what you like, do your 
 will ; iss yelyelah, or iss yel- 
 yelah badan, opposite, contrary. 
 
 yelyel ! int. do quick and all. 
 
 hon or nabar yel, v.tr., harm, 
 hurt, wound. 
 
 wah yel, v.tr., injure ; wa nin 
 mel wah laga yelai, he is a 
 man who has received some 
 harm, who has been injured. 
 
 wah yello, /.«., injury. 
 
 yel, m.n., affair, concern (of no 
 consequence, or to which you 
 do not pay any attention) ; yel- 
 kisa, it is his affair, never 
 mind ; yelkeda (/em.), yelkisa 
 naga da, yelka, it is your 
 affair. 
 
 yelo, v.tr., bear, beget, bring 
 forth, produce. 
 
 yel, f.n., strap for fastening on 
 the load of a camel. — shi. 
 
 yel, v.i., sew the sandal-straps ; 
 kabahd. i yel, sew my sandal- 
 straps ; kabahas imisad igu 
 yell? how much must I pay 
 for sewing my sandal-straps ? 
 
 yelo, v.i., take your concern in 
 hand; la'ag so yelo, borrow 
 money; la'ag ban so yelan, I 
 will borrow money. 
 
 yesho, v.r., confide in, have trust 
 (in yourself) ; anigu wad ye- 
 shou karta ; you may confide 
 in me ; ku — , trust him 
 with. 
 
 yeshod, m.n., confidence. — ki. 
 
 yeyi, f.n., hysena dog. — di. 
 
 yibir, m. and f.n., lowest Somali 
 caste, sorcerer, sorceress (giving 
 medicine and amulets). — ki, — 
 ti ; yibro {plur.). 
 
 yihihsi, m.n., disgust. — gi ; yi- 
 Mhsiga i haya, I am disgusted. 
 
 yihihsi (with kaga), v.tr., dis- 
 gust. 
 
 yihihso, v.i., be disgusted. 
 
 yihihsau, a.v., disgusting, loath- 
 some. 
 
 yi'ib, f.n., almond, almond tree, 
 pistachio. — ti, 
 
 yilih, f.n., flue, fur. 
 
 yohow, particle, thou, you ; nin- 
 yohow, thou man ; ragyohow, 
 you men; Ilahha yohow, thou 
 God. 
 
 yubai, m.n., kind of tree with 
 thorns curved like hooks. — 
 hi. 
 
 ynhndi, m.n., a Jew. — gi; yuhud 
 Jews ; yiihuddi, the Jews. 
 
 yuhudiyad, f.n., Jewess.— di. 
 
 yur ! int., get away ! 
 
 yurub, m.n., spray. — ^ki. 
 
 yusur, m.n., amber beads. — ki. 
 
Part II. 
 
 ENGLISH-SOMALI 
 
 VOCABULAEY. 
 
 L 2 
 
ENGLISH- SOMALI VOCABULARY. 
 
 A. 
 
 a ; there is no indefinite article 
 
 in Somali. 
 Aaron, p.n., Aran. 
 abandon, vJr., da, iss ka da, na' ; 
 
 — all, wah kasta ka kalai ; do 
 
 you abandon me 1 ma i na'- 
 
 aisa? 
 abandoned, a.v., la dayai, la 
 
 na'ai ; wilki la dayai, the 
 
 abandoned boy. 
 abandoner, n., hof iss ka dayai 
 
 or na'ai. 
 abandonment, abandoning, f.n., 
 
 dein, — ti. 
 abase, v.tr., hosaisi. 
 abasement, m.n., hosaisis, — ^ki. 
 abash, v.tr., rog. 
 abashed, a.v., rogmai, rogmadai ; 
 
 nin rog^ai, an abashed man. 
 abashment, f.n., rognin, — ti. 
 abate, v.tr., din, hosaisi, joji, 
 
 yarai, yaraisi, gana' jebi. 
 abatement, /.ra.,yaran, — ti, gana' 
 
 jabnan, — ^ti. 
 abbreviate, v.tr., din, gabi, yarai. 
 
 abbreviation, m. and f.n., gabnin, 
 — ti, gabis, — ki. 
 
 abdomen, n., (lower part of the 
 belly) gumar, — ^ki. 
 
 abed, ad. ; he is abed, wa hurda, 
 wa jifa. 
 
 abhor, v.tr., 'il u hab, u 'isho, 
 na'. 
 
 abhorrence, n., 'il, — ki, ma 
 ja'alan, — ti, ne'ban, — ^ti; ma 
 ja'alantan dembigaiga u habo 
 wa wein tahai, the abhor- 
 rence I have of my sins is 
 great. 
 
 abide, v.i., fadi, fadiso, jir, jog, 
 rugaiso. 
 
 abiding, n., fadi, — gi, jog, — gi, 
 rug,— ti. 
 
 ability, «., farsamo, — di, kamin, 
 — ti. 
 
 abject, a., bas, aUah habai, — 
 
 gi- 
 able, a., kara; (skilful) farsamo 
 
 badan, wah haban eg. 
 abjure, v.tr., dinta did, or iss ka 
 
 did. 
 abjuration, n., didnin dintaah ; 
 
 didninti dinta, the abjuration. 
 
ABN 
 
 150 
 
 ABS 
 
 abnegate, v.r., iss na'. 
 abnegation, n., iss ne'ban, — ti. 
 abode, n., fadi, — gi, jog, — gi, 
 
 abolish, v.ir., babii, bii, jar, ka 
 jar. 
 
 abolishment, abolition, n., babiis, 
 — ki, idlain or idlan, — ti. 
 
 abominable, a., inkaran, inkar- 
 san. 
 
 abominate, v.tr., '11 u hab, 'ilow, 
 'isho, na*. 
 
 abomination, n., (the object of 
 aversion) inkar, — ^ti. 
 
 abort, v.i., see miscarry. 
 
 abortion, n., lima ka homan, — ki. 
 
 abound, v.tr., badnaw, badso, 
 dereg. 
 
 abounding, n., badin, — ^ti, bad- 
 nan, — ti, dereg, — gi. 
 
 about, prp. ; the soldiers were — 
 him, askarti wa ku hertai ; it 
 was — night, habenkl wa 
 dowa ; when I saw him, he was 
 — to die, markan arkai inu 
 dinto yu u dowa ; I have no 
 money — me, anigu la'ag 
 ma sito ; he is somewhere — 
 the house, ahalku mel ka 
 joga ; it is — the house, abal- 
 kai mel ka tal ; all — , mel 
 walba, or mel kasta ; look — 
 and — , melaba eg, or ka dai ; 
 I visited all the country round 
 — , magalada o dan ku so 
 waregai ; I am — to go away, 
 anigu inan iss ka tago ban n 
 dowahai ; look — you, war ! 
 iss jir. 
 
 about, ad. ; for three leagues round 
 
 — there is no game, 
 sa'adod e horai ugaddi ma 
 jogto, or ugad arki maisid; 
 do you know a short cut — % 
 dau yar mesha ma ka ogta- 
 hai % is there a long (i.e. round- 
 about) way — % dau wein 
 mesha maleMahai? drink — , 
 mid waliba markisa ha 'abo ; 
 a tree of — seven cubits round, 
 ged todoba dudunab. 
 
 above, ad., dul, dusha, gudka 
 as — said, sidi bore lo idi. 
 
 above, p\y. ; the one sat — and 
 the other below me, midina 
 wa i dul fadistai ki kaleb na 
 i bos jogai. 
 
 abrade, v.tr., hahub, hob. 
 
 abrasion, «., (the act of rubbing 
 ofP) hohnin, — ^ti. 
 
 abridge, v.tr., din, gabi, yarai. 
 
 abridgment, «., gabnin, — ^ti; ga- 
 bis, — ki. 
 
 abroad, ad., dibadda, mel fog, 
 dul kaleb ; he is — , dul kaleb 
 yu jira ; to-morrow I will go 
 — , berri ban mel fog u so'o- 
 naya or tegi dona. 
 
 abrogate, w.^r., babii, bii, idlai, jar. 
 
 abrogation, n., babiis, — ki, ba- 
 biin, — ti, idlan, — ^ti. 
 
 abscess, n., dullah, — hi. 
 
 abscond, v.i.r., dumo. 
 
 absconding, n., dumasho, — adi. 
 
 absence, n., mahnan, — ti. 
 
 absent, a., mahan ; be — , mah- 
 naw ; long — , soon forgotten ; 
 nin mahan gor dow ba la 
 ilow, a long — man is soon 
 forgotten. 
 
ABS 
 
 161 
 
 AGO 
 
 absolve, v.tr., 'aflS, ka 'afS, bii, 
 ka bii, far. 
 
 absolution, n., (an acquittal or dis- 
 charge) furnin, — ^ki ; (an eccle- 
 siastical term) 'affi, — gi. 
 
 absorb, v.tr., lih, 'ab. 
 
 absolutely, ad., baib ; I told him 
 — all, haib ban ugu wada 
 sbegai. 
 
 abstain, v.i., ha 'unin, ha 'abin, 
 son. 
 
 abstaining, abstinence, w., 'ir ya- 
 ran, — ti, son, — ki. 
 
 abstemious, abstinent, a., 'ir 
 yar. 
 
 abundance, n., dereg, — gi, badin, 
 — ^ti,badnan, — ti, dunyo, — adi. 
 
 abundant, a., badan. 
 
 abuse, n., (an affront) 'ai, — di, 
 wahyelo, — adi ; (bad custom) 
 hil,— ki. 
 
 abuse, v.tr., 'ai' ; v.c, 'aisi, hil. 
 
 abusive, a., (wah) hilai. 
 
 abut upon, v.i., (terminate) da- 
 maw, idlaw. 
 
 abutment, n., idlan, — ti. 
 
 abyss, n., gun, — ti, 'el gun fog, 
 'elki gunta foga. 
 
 acacia vera, n., anhokib, — ti; (a 
 kind of) 'adad, — di. 
 
 accent, n., (a sign) hasakab, — ki. 
 
 accept, v.tr., ho, hado, ahbal, ka 
 ahbal, oggolaw. 
 
 accepting, acceptance, w., oggo- 
 lan, — ti. 
 
 accident, «., (hazard) ayan, — ti. 
 
 acclaim^ v.tr., bog, u bog. 
 
 acclamation, n., bog, — gi. 
 
 accommodate, v.tr., (manage) U 
 tali ; — with, u dig, si. 
 
 accommodate to, v.i., la heshi, 
 
 heshiya (plur.). 
 accommodated, a.v., (nin) bara- 
 
 hah ; (well — man) ladan. 
 accommodation, n., heshis, — ^ki, 
 
 barah, — ^hi, ladnan, — ^ti. 
 accomplice, «., wehel, — ki. 
 accomplish, v.tr., damai, idlai. 
 accomplishment, n., damad, — ki, 
 
 daman, — ^ti, idlan, — ti. 
 accord, accordance, n., heshis, — 
 
 ki, nabad, — di. 
 according to, prp., 'ainka ; 'ainka 
 
 u samaiyai u samai, do it — 
 
 what I did; Injilka 'ai'mada 
 
 or 'ai'nka rasiil Matheos u 
 
 horai, — the Gospel of the 
 
 Evangelist St. Matthew, 
 accouchment, n., umusho, — adi. 
 account, »., hisab, — ti, tiro, — 
 
 adi. 
 account, v.tr., hisabi, tiri ; — 
 
 with, ku tiri ; v.r., tirso, ku 
 
 tirso. 
 accountant, n., tiriya, — ^hi. 
 account (on your), prp., awada, 
 
 daradd^ ; in every way you 
 
 are guilty, kolleiba ada hujad- 
 
 leh ; on no — , sina. 
 accumulate, v.tr., tul, rasai, 
 
 ururi. 
 accumulated, a.v., tnlan, rasai- 
 
 san, urursan. 
 accumulation, n., tul, — ki, ra- 
 
 sais, — ki, nrur, — ki. 
 accurse, v.tr., habar, inkar, na- 
 
 'dal. 
 accursed, a.v., habaran, habar 
 
 haba, inkaran, inkar haba. 
 accusation, n., ashtako, — adi. 
 
AGO 
 
 152 
 
 ADJ 
 
 accuse, v.tr., ashtakai ; — falsely, 
 edai. 
 
 accustom, v.tr., bar ; arurta g^or 
 horai wah bar, inai shuhul- 
 koda ad u habtan, or wanag u 
 babtan, children must be ac- 
 customed early to do their 
 work well. 
 
 acerb, a., hadad, danan. 
 
 ache, aching, n., harnin, — ^ti. 
 
 ache (be in pain), v.i., haniuiso ; 
 v.imp., wu hanuni, it pains ; 
 wa i hammaisa, it pains me ; 
 V.C., hanuni. 
 
 achieve, v.tr., damai, halas, idlai. 
 
 achievement, n., damad, — ki, id- 
 lain, — ti. 
 
 acid, a., hadad, hadada. 
 
 acknowledge, v.tr., (confess, avow) 
 hado, biro ; (be grateful) abal- 
 gud, ababnari. 
 
 acknowledgment, n., hir, — ti, 
 abal, — ki, abalgud, — ^ki. 
 
 acolyte, n., shanunas, sham'a- 
 dani. 
 
 acquaint with, v.tr., bar, ogaisi, 
 war gei, warran. 
 
 acquaintance, n., ohonin, — ki, 
 ohon, — ti. 
 
 acquainted, a.v., he is — with, 
 wa ogyahai, wa yahan. 
 
 get acquainted with, v.tr., iss bar, 
 baro, ohonso, ohonsada(pfer.); 
 V.C., ohonsi, 
 
 acquiesce, v.i., oggolaw, yel. 
 
 acquiescence, n., Oggolan, — ti. 
 
 acquire, v.tr., hel. 
 
 acquirement, acquiring, acquisi- 
 tion, n., helin, — ki; (of in- 
 struction) barasho, — di. 
 
 acquit, v.tr., fiir, si da ; — your 
 
 debt, bantada iss ka bibi. 
 acquitted, a.v., la fur, garta laba. 
 acquitment, acquittal, «., fumiu, 
 
 — ti. 
 across, prp., pass — the country, 
 
 — the river, magalada deb 
 
 mar, durdurka ka talab. 
 act, n., falnin, — ti, 
 act, v.tr., fal. 
 active, a., hauled (nin), fudfii- 
 
 dud. 
 acute, a., (subtle) fi'an; (pointed) 
 
 fihan ; make — , fib, dub. 
 adamant, n., mas or almas, dai- 
 
 man, — ki. 
 adapt (a stone), v.tr., hor. 
 add to, v.tr., ku dar, iss ku dar, 
 
 iss u gei, iss ku joji, ku 
 
 tirso. 
 adder, n., jilbis, — ki. 
 addition, «., tiro, — di. 
 address, v.tr., u dir. 
 adduce, v.tr. , la tali, 
 adhere, v.i., ku deg. 
 adherent (partisan), n., webel, — • 
 
 ki. 
 adhesive, a., ku dega, ku degta ; 
 
 the leech is an — animal, 'ula- 
 
 'usbu wa bahal ku degta. 
 adieu ! intj., amana Allah. 
 adjacent, a., dow. 
 adjoin, v.tr., la dawaisi, iss u 
 
 gei, ku tiri. 
 adjourn, v.tr., iss ka da, raji, U 
 
 reb. 
 adjure, v.tr., dari ; I — you in 
 
 the name of God to tell us, 
 
 magaba Ebbahai ban ku dari- 
 
 naya e no sbeg. 
 
ADM 
 
 153 
 
 AFP 
 
 administer, v.tr., hukum, U tali, 
 administration, n., hukiuu, — ki, 
 
 talo, — di. 
 administrator, «., hakim, — ki, 
 
 taliya, — ^hi. 
 admirable, a., yaban, yabsan, la 
 
 yabsan, yab haba. 
 admiration, n., yab, — ^ki. 
 admire, v.tr., yab, la yab; v.i., 
 
 la yabsanaw. 
 admission, «., so gelin, — ^ti, so 
 
 gelis, — ki. 
 admit, v.tr., so geli. 
 admonish, v.tr., wani, so wani. 
 admonishing, admonition, n., 
 
 wano, — 6i. 
 adolescence, n., arurnimo, — di. 
 adopt, v.tr., kori. 
 adoptive, a., la koriyai. 
 adorable, a., la 'abuda ; God 
 
 alone is — , Ilah keliah la 
 
 'abuda. 
 adoration, n., 'abudnin, — ^ti. 
 adorej v.tr., 'abud; be adored, 
 
 v.p., ha lagu 'abudo. 
 adulate, v.tr., hayahayai, sasabo. 
 adulation, n., hayahayo, — di, 
 
 sasabnin, — ti. 
 adult, n., baluh, — hi, hangad, — 
 
 ki, mudakar, — ki. 
 adulterate, v.tr., (sophisticate) 
 
 bedel. 
 adulterer, n., dillai, — gfi. 
 adulteress, n., dillo, — di. 
 adultery, »,, dUlanimo, — di. 
 advance, n., horan, — ti. 
 advance, v.tr., durki, horaisi, 
 
 horo u dig, so'odsi. 
 advance, v.i., durug, horai, so'o. 
 
 hor u so'o, wad. 
 
 advantage, n., fayido, — di, helin, 
 — ^ki, korod, — ki. 
 
 advantageous, a., fayidoleh. 
 
 advent, n., imatin, — ^ki. 
 
 adventure, n., haladun, — ki, sa- 
 bab, — ^ti. 
 
 adventure, v.tr., sabab; v.i., sa- 
 babo. 
 
 adversary, n., 'oil, — ^ki. 
 
 adverse, a., (contrary) asarar 
 wein; (afflictive) sili'iya, ha- 
 nujiya. 
 
 adversity, n., human, — ^ti, ayan 
 humo, — di. 
 
 advertise, v.tr., u dig, waui, 
 warran. 
 
 advertisement, «., diguin, — ti, 
 wano, — di, war, — ki. 
 
 advice, n., (counsel) wano, — di, 
 (notice) war, — ki, dignin,— -ti. 
 
 advise, v.tr., wani, warran, dig- 
 nin dir. 
 
 advise -with (consider, consult), 
 v.i., hubso, la fah. 
 
 advised, a.v., feig, fl'an, herribleh, 
 miyirsan, miyir hab. 
 
 advocate, n., Mariam wa hof 
 innaga awaden u hadasha, lit. 
 Mary is a person who speaks 
 in our interest, or Mary is our 
 advocate ; janiiadi 'IssaKristos 
 ba iuuaga awaden u hadla, in 
 heaven Jesus Christ is our ad- 
 vocate. 
 
 sera (epoch), n., ayan,— ti, aya- 
 mo, — di, tar^, — ^hi (com- 
 mencement of a computation of 
 years). 
 
 afar, ad., mel fog ; it is far, wa 
 fogyahai. 
 
AFP 
 
 154 
 
 AGE 
 
 affability, n., wanag, — gi. 
 affable, a., wanaksan, habow. 
 affair, n., (concern) arrin, — ki, 
 
 yel, — ^ki; it is bis — , yelkisa; 
 • (business) haiil, — sM. 
 affect, v.tr. ; ninka iJimashadisi 
 
 alol humo ayan ku haba, tbe 
 
 deatb of this man gives me pain, 
 
 or affects me. 
 affection, n., ja'ail, — ^ki, ja'alan, 
 
 — ti. 
 affiance, n., donanan, — ti, do- 
 
 nin, — ki, 
 affiance, v.tr., don, la ballan ; 
 
 affiance the two, labada bal- 
 
 lami, iss u don. 
 affinity, n., haren, — ki. 
 be in affinity, v.i., la harenso, iss 
 
 harensada (plur.), u haren 
 
 noho. 
 affirm, v.tr., rumai, dabai. 
 affirmation, n., dabain, — ti, ru- 
 
 maisi, — gi. 
 afflict, v.tr., u humai, hanuji, 
 
 hanuni, sili'i, weirweiri; v.r., 
 
 iss hanuji. 
 afflicted, a., hanunsan, sila'san, 
 
 weirweirsan; be — , w.i.r., weir- 
 weir, iss hnmai. 
 affliction, n., human, — ti, weir- 
 weir, — ki, sUei', sili'hi. 
 affluence, n., dereg, — gi, hole, 
 
 — ihi. 
 afford, v.tr., (produce, give) bihi ; 
 
 the earth produces fruits and 
 
 plants, dulkn mido iyo inino 
 
 y*a bihiya. 
 affranchise, v.tr., (to set free) 
 
 sarrahi. 
 affray, re!, dirir, — ti. 
 
 affright, v.tr., 'absi, baji, kaga 
 nihi. 
 
 affront, n., nahadin, — ti. 
 
 afore, abaft, ad., har here iyo 
 har dambe. 
 
 afraid, a., 'absonaya, bahaya. 
 
 Africa, n., Africa. 
 
 after, ad., dabaded, dambe, dam- 
 bow, haddow ; look — (search 
 for, take care of), don, ilali, 
 jir ; (prp.) — Sunday, ahadda 
 dabadeda ; some while — , 'ab- 
 bar ka dambow; he delays 
 day — day, malin ka malin bu 
 u raga ; go — him, ka daba 
 tag ; — ages, — times, beri 
 beri dambe, beri ka dambow ; 
 — supper, awaisin, — ki (from 
 7 p.m.) ; — to-moiTow, sa 
 dambe ; — noon, geUn dambe, 
 duhnrka dabadisa, 'asar, — ki 
 (from 3 p.m. to sunset) ; after 
 I had gone to the ship, markan 
 markabka dofaya fulai. 
 
 afterwards, ad., dabadedba, bad- 
 dowto, wa, — gi dambe. 
 
 again, ad., mar, gor, kol kaleh, 
 misana, misna ; give me as 
 much — , inti in leh eg i si. 
 
 against, ^rp., ka. 
 
 age, n., (duration of life, years, 
 interval since birth) da, — di, 
 jir,— ti, gu,— gi; (for aged 
 persons) fil, iss ku fil, gan, 
 — ki, gumais, — ti; (tender age) 
 da yar, gaban, — ki, gibin, — 
 ki, yar an, — ^ti; (old age) da 
 wein, dadi weinaid, diA, — 
 hi. 
 
 aged, a., (person) hof da wein, 
 
AGG 
 
 155 
 
 ALL 
 
 dnh.ali; (advanced in age) gun, 
 gumais. 
 
 aggravate, v.tr., si humai. 
 
 aggregate,win,isskiidar, souniri. 
 
 aghast, ad. ; he was — , ad bu u 
 nahai. 
 
 aggrieve, v.tr., sili'i. 
 
 agile, a., fiidfiidud. 
 
 agility, n., fudfudaid, — ^ki. 
 
 agitate, v.tr., ruh, ruhruh, lul, 
 walah. 
 
 ago, ad., awal or awel; long — , 
 beri hore ; a while — , gor 
 dowaid ; some years — , sa- 
 nado dowa. 
 
 agonize, v.i., (die) naftu ha ka 
 bahdo, or naftu ha kugu wa- 
 regto, or tadi dambai waiyai 
 e ku dagalan. 
 
 agony, n. (dying); he is in — , 
 nafti wa ka si bahaisa, or 
 nafti wa ku waregaisa, or 
 nafti ninka or ninki waduihi 
 bai kaga jirta or jogta, or 
 wadnihi bai ninki kaga jirta, 
 or ninki wa ka hadaisa, or 
 ninki wa ka si hadaisa. 
 
 agree with, v.i., la heshi, heshiya 
 (plur.); — upon, in, ku heshi; 
 V.O., heshisi ; iyagu sida dinad 
 iyo ei bai u heshiyan, they 
 agree with one another as a 
 cat and a dog. 
 
 agreeable, a., bahsan. 
 
 agreed, a. ; it is — , lagu heshi. 
 
 agreement, n., heshis, — ki. 
 
 ague (intermittent fever), n., ga- 
 rir, — ^ki, hadhad, — ki. 
 
 ahead, astern, ad., har hore iyo 
 har dambe. 
 
 aid, n., 'awinad, — di, 'awin, — ^ti, 
 gargar,— ti, Ml,— ki. 
 
 aid, v.tr., 'awi, gargar, la habo, 
 la had, hili. 
 
 ail, ailment, n., hanun, — ki. 
 
 ail, v.tr., hanuni, hanuji; what 
 ails you? maha ku hanuji- 
 naya ? 
 
 aim, n., hiyas, — ti, dug, — ti, 
 tog, — ti, togasho, — adi; (in- 
 tention) dama', — hi, 
 
 aim at, v.i., la dugo, la togo, 
 gan, ku rid; be aiming at, 
 dugtan. 
 
 aimer (skilful), «., nin dug badan, 
 togasho badan; (ganad, — ^ki, 
 ganasho, — adi, the aiming). 
 
 air, «., (one of the four elements) 
 hawo, — di, dabail, — ^shi, ne- 
 'aw, — di ; (countenance, fea- 
 tures) so jog,— gi, jah,— hi, 
 weiji,— gi. 
 
 air, v.tr., (aerate) ne'awi. 
 
 akin, a., hig. 
 
 alarm, n., nahadin ; (cry by which 
 men are summoned) hata! hata ! 
 
 alarm, v.tr., baji, u haUi, kaga 
 nihi. 
 
 alight, v.i., ka deg, ka so deg. 
 
 alike, a., iss leh eg, iss ku mid; 
 not — , kala mid, iss ku mid 
 ma aha, iss ma leh eka, kan 
 kaleh u ma eka. 
 
 aliment, n., sor, — ta. 
 
 alive, a., nol jira; he is yet — , 
 wa jira well. 
 
 Alkoran, n., furhan, — ki. 
 
 all, num. or ad., dan, daman, — ti, 
 gidi, — gi, kulli, — gi, wada; 
 — men, dadka o dan, or dadki 
 
ALL 
 
 156 
 
 AMI 
 
 aami, or o wada dan; — the 
 world is bad now, dunida o 
 dan or o dami wa huntaliai 
 hatan ; God will judge — and 
 every one, Ilahhai ba dadka 
 
 dan mid walba gonidi n 
 hisabi; is that — 1 ma inta 
 keliah ? by — means, kollei ; 
 reputation is — in — , mamus- 
 kena holo o dan ino dama; 
 
 1 was not at — afraid, sina 
 uga ma bahan ; nowhere at — , 
 mela ma jogo, mela ma yal; 
 — the better, wa wanag ; — 
 the worse, wa human ; — 
 powerful, huwadleh. 
 
 allegory, »., mathal, — ki. 
 alleviate, allay, v.tr., tud; — my 
 
 pain, hanunka i tud or iga tud, 
 alleviation, n., tudad, — di, tud- 
 
 nin, — ki. 
 alliance, »., ahdi, — gi. 
 allow, v.tr., fasah. 
 allowance, n., fasah, — hi. 
 allure, v.tr., halhal, sasab, hatal. 
 allurement, K.,halhal, — ki, sasab, 
 
 — ki. 
 almighty, a., huwadleh, wah 
 
 walba kara. 
 almond, n., yi'ib, — ti. 
 alms, n., sadahad, — di ; give — , 
 
 sadahadai, sadahad si, ku 
 
 sadahadai; give and ask for 
 
 — , f.r., sadahadaiso ; sadaho ! 
 
 cry of poor people when asking 
 
 for alms, 
 aloes-plant, n., da'ar, — ti. 
 alone, a., goni, — di, keli, — gi or 
 
 — di. 
 along, prp. ; — the shore,- hebta 
 
 dusheda; — the boat, mar- 
 kabka harertisa (mar) ; go — 
 with, la so'o, la tag, ra'. 
 
 alongside, ad., barbar. 
 
 aloud, loud, ad. ; speak — , ad u 
 hadal. 
 
 alphabet, n., huruf el hija'. 
 
 already, ad., gorti ba, kolki ba 
 yinii. 
 
 also, ad., na. 
 
 altar, n., masbah, — hi. 
 
 alter, v.tr., bedel. 
 
 although, c. ; — you be not good, 
 ya banad wanaksananei ; — 
 a big boy, you are not good, 
 wU weina wa tahai, mana 
 (ma se) wanaksanid. 
 
 altitude, n., derer, — ki. 
 
 altogether, ad., gidi. 
 
 always, ad., gor walba, kol 
 walba, gor iyo galab. 
 
 amaze, v.tr., yabi. 
 
 amazement, n., la yab, — ki. 
 
 amber, n., asU, — gi ; the two 
 pieces of — they tie to their 
 neck, hal, — ki, makawi, — gi. 
 
 ambergris, n., 'anbar, — ki. 
 
 ambuscade, ambush, n., hatati, 
 — gi ; place in — , ku hatati. 
 
 amen, ad., amin, ha lo sida no 
 yel, ha sida ahato. 
 
 amend, n., (fine) hasirad, — di ; 
 make amends, hal mari. 
 
 amend, v.tr., (correct) wanaji; 
 v.r., wanajiso; v.ir., iss wa- 
 naji. 
 
 amiable, a., farahanah (m.), fa- 
 rahanada (/.). " 
 
 amid, amidst, among, amongst, 
 ad., deh, dehda. 
 
AMO 
 
 157 
 
 ANT 
 
 amount, w., hisab, — ti, tiro, — adi. 
 amuse, v.tr., (divert) 'ayarsi, 
 
 jalbebi; v.i., 'ayar, jalbebo, 
 
 bebta. 
 amusement, n., 'ayar, — ti, jalbeb, 
 
 — ti. 
 anathema, w., inkar, — ti. 
 ancestors, n., dun, — ti. 
 ancbor, n., barosin, — ^ki. 
 ancient, n., uin gabowba, duhah. 
 and, c, iyo, 0, e. 
 anecdote, «., sheko, — adi. 
 angel, n. , malai'ko, — adi. 
 anger, n., 'ado, — adi. 
 angry, a., 'adaisan, 'ilan; be — , 
 
 adai'snaw, 'ilow, 'il u hab, 
 
 'isbo. 
 anguish, n., silei', — hi. 
 animal, n., dugag, — gi, bahal, 
 
 — ki, nef, — ki ; a lean — , 
 
 bidmo abahah, ueif weidsau. 
 animate, v.tr., nolai; kindle the 
 
 fire, dabka nolai. 
 ankle, n., anhau, — gi ; ankle- 
 bone, kurankur, — ti. 
 anna (Indian money), n., gambo, 
 
 — adi ; two — , sah, — hi; 
 
 four — , tumim, — ki; eight — , 
 
 rubi, — gi. 
 annihilate, v.tr., bii, lumi. 
 announce, n.tr., war gei, war 
 
 ken, warran. 
 annoy, v.tr., dali. 
 annoyance, »., dal, — ki, dalnin, 
 
 — ti. 
 annual, a., gu walba wa mar; 
 
 this annual feast, 'iddasi gu 
 
 walba wa mar, or gu ba wa 
 
 kol. 
 annunciate, v.tr., nabad u gei. 
 
 annunciation, n., uabad, — di. 
 
 anoint, v.ti:, salidda, udgonka 
 marl. 
 
 anonymous, a., hebel, nin bebel, 
 nin ba. 
 
 another, a., mid kaleh ; we love 
 one — , wa iss ja'el nahai. 
 
 answer, n., jawab, — ^ti ; — to a 
 call, yed, — ki, yednin, — ti. 
 
 answer, v.tr., deh, u'eU, la hadal. 
 
 ant, n., (a black kind) ^udanyo 
 or hudanjo, — adi ; (another 
 kind) duhul ku reb, — ki; (a 
 black kind, big and stinking) 
 jina', — 'ihi; (a kind of white 
 — ) abor, — ki ; (another kind) 
 harun, — ti, or narei, — iM, or 
 bar, — hi ; (name of their nests 
 or hills in the desert) dundumo, 
 —adi. 
 
 ant-hill, n., ras, — ki; rasgura, 
 
 — gi- 
 
 anterior, a., horai (m.), horaisai 
 
 anthropophagus, n., dadhal, — ki 
 (»».), dadhalato,— adi (/.). 
 
 antichrist, n., antikristos. 
 
 anticipate, v.tr., horaisi. 
 
 anus, n., futo, — adi. 
 
 anvil, n., 'udad, — di ; hand — , 
 'udad yar, — di yaraid. 
 
 anxiety, «., weirweir or weilweil, 
 — ki. 
 
 anxious, a., weirweirsan ; be — , 
 v.i., weirweir ; be — -, v.e., 
 weirweiri. 
 
 any, a. ai prn., 'id, wab; — body, 
 'id kasta; — thing, 'id kasta, 
 walba ; — thing soever, wah 
 uel; in — place, mel kasta'; 
 
APA 
 
 158 
 
 AEB 
 
 — ^how, si kasta; — body but 
 
 you, adiga mahae nin walba ; 
 
 not — , 'id na ; will you go — 
 
 further? ma yar dafi? I will 
 
 not put you off — longer, mar 
 
 dambe ku rajin mayo; Have 
 
 you — more to say 1 hadal ma 
 
 u nohou? or hadal ma ku 
 
 hadai ? 
 apart, ad., kala ; set — , kala 
 
 'eli. 
 apartment, n., mabsiu, — ki, 
 aphony, n., babeib, — ti. 
 aphorism, n., mahmah, — di. 
 apologue, w., mathal, — ki, hala- 
 
 Uf,— ki. 
 apostaoy, n., tarak, — gi, kufran, 
 
 — ti, juhud addin (Ar.). 
 apostate, n., jahid, — ki, kafir, 
 
 — ki, kufar (plur.), kafarad, 
 
 — di (/.), tarik,— gi. 
 apostatize, v.i., tarak, kafar, 
 
 diuta, jahad. 
 apostle, n., rasul,— ki. 
 apostolic, apostolical, a., rasuli, 
 
 — gi ; the Apostolic religion, 
 
 dinta rasuligaah, dinta rasul- 
 
 yada. 
 apothecary, n., bodikeri, — gi. 
 apparent, a., la arka, muhda (rre.), 
 
 muhata (/.). 
 apparition, n., muhad, — ki, mu- 
 
 hasho, — di. 
 appeal, n., ashtako, — adi ; v.i., 
 
 ashtako, ashtakai. 
 appear (become visible), v.i., 
 
 muho. 
 it appears, v.imp., wah la moda, 
 
 wahai la tahai; — to me, 
 
 wahai i la tahai. 
 
 appearance (outside show, figure), 
 
 n., muh, — hi; a fair — ^, mxA 
 
 wanaksan. 
 appease, v.tr., habo'wii, 'ada tir. 
 appetite, n., bahi, — gi, 
 applaud, v.tr., u bog, u hushu'i; 
 
 be applauded, hushu'. 
 applause, n., bog, — gi, hiishu', 
 
 — di. 
 application, n., arji, — gi. 
 apply, v.tr,, (lay one thing against 
 
 another) sar, ku deji, mari; 
 
 (address to) dalbo, weidiso. 
 appoint, v.tr., (e.stablish) ku dar, 
 
 ku haibi, ugu sarraisi; (fix) 
 
 ballau. 
 appointed, a. ; ninki lagu hai- 
 
 biyai, the — man; the time 
 
 — , gorti la ballamai ba jogta. 
 appointment, n., mushaharo,— 
 
 adi. 
 apprehend, v.tr., (seize) habo, ku 
 
 deg ; (fear) ka' abso,"ka bah ; 
 
 (conceive) garo ; this I — not, 
 
 tasi i ma di'in. 
 apprehension, n., habasho, — adi, 
 
 bahdin, — ti, garasho,— adi. 
 approach, v.i., dowow, so dowow, 
 
 so durug; v.tr., dowai, u ku 
 
 dowai durki ; — me, so dowai, 
 
 so durug. 
 approbation, n., bog, — gi. 
 approve, v.tr., u bog, 'ajibi. 
 Arab, p.n., Arab. 
 Arabian, Arabic, a. ; nin arbed, 
 
 af arbed, Arabic language ; 
 
 afka arabta, the ... 
 arak-tree, n., adai, — gi. 
 arbiter, arbitrator, n., taliya, — 
 
 ihi. 
 
ARC 
 
 159 
 
 AS 
 
 archangel, n., malaiko ra'isah; 
 the — , malaikada ra'iskaah. 
 
 ardent, a., knlail, kulul. 
 
 argil (potter's clay), n., dohbo, 
 — adi. 
 
 argue, v.tr., (press) 'adadi; (de- 
 hate any question) iss ka heji. 
 
 arise, v.i., ka', sara ka', tos. 
 
 arithmetic, «., hisab, — ti. 
 
 arm, n., (all the limb) ga'an, — ^ti; 
 fore — , dudun, — ^ki, tagog, 
 — ti or tagogo, — adi ; hind — , 
 hudlld ; fore — joined to the 
 upper one, iss ku taladi hore ; 
 the upper part of the — joined 
 to the shoulder, iss ku taladi 
 damhe ; the thick part of the 
 — , mnruh, — ki. 
 
 armful, n., degsar, — ki. 
 
 arm-pit,arm-hole, n., kilkilo, — adi. 
 
 arm of the sea, n., ga'an baded. 
 
 armlet (bracelet of silver), n., 
 sindi, — gi. 
 
 arm (weapon), n., hiib, — ki. 
 
 arm, v.tr., hubkisa u damai. 
 
 armed, a., hubleh ; — man, 
 hubhad, — ki. 
 
 army, n., guluf, — ki, guto, — adi, 
 'oU,— ki. 
 
 aroma, n., udgon,— ki. 
 
 aromatic, a., udgon ; an — flower, 
 ubah udgon. 
 
 aromatize, v.tr., udgonai. 
 
 around, a(^., her; prp., harero, 
 — ^rihi. 
 
 arouse, v.tr., ke'i, kake'i, tosi. 
 
 arrange, v.tr., hagaji, kala ha- 
 gaji, wanaji, tali. 
 
 arrangement, n., hagajis, — ^ki, 
 talo, — adi. 
 
 array, v.tr., (attire) harrago. 
 
 arrest, n., (arrestation) habasho, 
 — adi; (judgment) hukun,— 
 ki. 
 
 arrival, «., imad, — ki, so so'od, 
 — ki. 
 
 arrive, v.i., gad, kalai; — at 
 that time, gorta imo, 
 
 arrogance, n., amar weiuan, — 
 ti. 
 
 arrogant, ad., amarsan, amar 
 wein. 
 
 arrow, n., (shaft) fallad, — di, 
 gautal, — sM; a poisonous — , 
 hamis, — ki ; when the arrow 
 is poisonous they call it hamis, 
 kolka falladdu dohbantahai, 
 wahha la yidahda liamis. 
 
 arse, n., badi, — gi. 
 
 artful, a., hadig badan, hikmado 
 badan. 
 
 artifice, n., hadig, — gi, higmad, 
 — di, or hikmad, — di.' 
 
 as, c, sidi, sida {past) ; I live — 
 I did ... , sidaidi horai an leu 
 nolabai, or sidan fali jirai 
 an ... ; — you please, sidad 
 donto or rabtid, or sidi had 
 ba ku 'ajibisa; — I am an 
 honest man, sidau nin aminah 
 u ahai ; mad — I was, sidan 
 u waUa ; thou good old man, 
 benevolent — wise, odaiyohow 
 dehsiga ihi e herribtaliM (tol- 
 moni e faridka ihi) ; — sweet 
 — honey, u ma'an sida ma- 
 labka ; he is — good — she, 
 wa wanaksanyahai sideda o 
 kaleh ; I treated him — if he 
 had been my brother, sida wa- 
 
AS 
 
 160 
 
 ASP 
 
 lalkai o kaleh u hayai ; — the 
 Lord gave to every man, sida 
 Ebbahai nin walba u siyai ; 
 the history is — follows, she- 
 kadu wa sida an wado or she- 
 gayo ; do — I bid you, sidan 
 ku idahdo fal or yel; he is — 
 a father to me, isagu wa i 
 abbai ; it were — a play, sida 
 'ayar o kaleb ; I will see you 
 
 — I go by, sidan ku marayan 
 ban ku arki ; rich — he 
 is I do not fear him, sidu u 
 odmai ninka ba ka ma baho ; 
 many — they are I do not 
 fear, in kasta ka abaden ka 
 bihi mayo ; — well — I love 
 you, do not think I shall do 
 that, sidan ku ja'labai, or si 
 kasta an ku ja'labai, kolla ba 
 modin inan wahba fali dono ; 
 
 — sure — it is good that you 
 become a Christian, sida wah- 
 ha la bubo o u fayido u leh- 
 yahai, inad Kristan nohoto 
 damadai ; — much — you 
 please, had ba inta dontid, or 
 had ba intad bihin kartid; — 
 few — , wah yar u dib ; Abdi 
 is — good — Ali, Abdi sida 
 Ali uwanaksanyabai; he runs 
 
 — well — you, sidadu o kalu u 
 orda ; all such — were chosen, 
 inti la wada dortai ba serkalki 
 radai; I took such — I pleased, 
 wahan batai bad ba kui i 
 'ajibiyai ; such — it is, had ba 
 sidai tahai; — is the begin- 
 ning, so is the end, sidai kolka 
 bore tabai bai kolka dambana 
 
 tabai, or sida horanta ba da- 
 manti na tabai ; — for me it 
 is nothing, anigu wabba i la 
 maaba ; — soon — I can I 
 will come back, wahban so 
 nobon bad ba kolkan karo. 
 
 ascend, v.tr., kor. 
 
 ascension, n., korrin, — ti. 
 
 ascertain, v.tr., (assure) rumai ; 
 (fix) dabai. 
 
 ascetic, a., (nin) du'a ka ragab ; 
 ra., du'a ku rag, — gi. 
 
 ashamed, a., bisbod badan; be 
 — , hisbo ; you make me — , 
 adigii wa i hilaisa. 
 
 ashore, ad., bebta ; go — , deg, 
 hebta u deg ; get — , v.i., 'ari, 
 so 'ari; get — , v.tr., 'arsi; 
 a ship — , markab 'arsan or 
 'ariyai. 
 
 aside, ad., goni ; lay — , goni u 
 dig, dab, daho; he took him 
 — , goni u kahaiyai. 
 
 ask, v.tr., weidi, weidiso, sual; 
 — , v.r., iss weidi ; — for, 
 hanan ; — from, waraiso, 
 warso. 
 
 asleep, a., burda ; half — and 
 half awake, badna wa burdai, 
 ba dna wa so jedai; he is 
 fast — , burda wein bu ku 
 jira. 
 
 aspect, n., muh, — hi ; at the — 
 of his master, he is out of 
 countenance, kolka muhha 
 sabebki u arko, yu bahda/ 
 
 aspersion, n., saidis, — ki. 
 
 aspirate, v.tr., neifso. 
 
 aspire (to or after), v.tr,, dama', 
 ku taba'. 
 
ASP 
 
 161 
 
 AST 
 
 aspire to or after, v.tr., dama', 
 ku taba'. 
 
 ass_, »., (in general) dameiro, — 
 ihi ; he — , dameir, — ki ; she 
 — , dameir, — ^ti ; young — 
 (ass's foal), dameir yar ; wild 
 — , dabeir dibaded, — ki, or 
 gumburi, — gi. 
 
 assail, v.tr., dagalan, dirir, we- 
 rar ; — unexpectedly, gad. 
 
 assassin, n., layan, — ki. 
 
 assault, w., dirir, — ti, werar, — ki. 
 
 assemblage, n., iss ku daran, — 
 ki ; — of tents, rer, — ki. 
 
 assemble, v.tr., iss ku dar, iss u 
 gei, ururi. 
 
 assembled, a., urursan ; be — , 
 urur, urursanada. 
 
 assembly, n., uruT, — ki, kulan, 
 — ki, shir, — ki, guto, — adi ; 
 — of men, rahan, — ti ; — for 
 prayer, jama', — ha; have an 
 — , shira, so shira ; go to the 
 — , shirka tag. 
 
 assent, «., heshis, — ki, oggolan, 
 — ti. 
 
 assent, v.i., la hesM, ku heshi, 
 oggolai, oggolaw ; — , v.c, 
 heshishi, oggolaisi. 
 
 assert, v.tr., (affirm) dabai; he 
 asserts his history with such a 
 boldness that everyone believes 
 it, shekadisi sidu u dabainaya, 
 dadki o dami or dan ba ru- 
 maistai. 
 
 assertion, w. ; this may suffice to 
 vindicate my assertion, wahau 
 ku fila hadalkaiga o an ru- 
 maiuaya, or in hadalkaigu run 
 nohda, or rtin idin ku muhda. 
 
 asseverate, v.tr., so daro, dar so 
 
 mari; asseverate that you have 
 
 not done that, inanad wahha 
 
 falin so daro. 
 assimilate, v.tr., (make like) u 
 
 ekaisi ; (compare) iss u eg. 
 assist, v.tr., la 'awi, 'awin, la 
 
 habo, la had, u gargar; (in 
 
 the fight) hili. 
 assistance, n., 'awin, — ti, 'awi- 
 
 mad, — di, hil, — ki. 
 assistant, n., 'awis, — ki, hiliya, 
 
 — hi. 
 associate, n., jal, — ki, mushrik, 
 
 — gi- 
 
 associate with, v.tr., la dawaiso, 
 (dawaista), la wah'atan, (wah- 
 'atama), la wah'ad hado. 
 
 association, n., dawo, — adi, wah- 
 'ad, — di. 
 
 assume, v.tr., had {plur. hada), 
 hado {plur, hata); (arrogate), 
 he assumes too much to him- 
 self, isagu wa iss ku tara. 
 
 assurance, n., (certitude) dab,^ti; 
 (firmness) adkan, — ti. 
 
 assure, v.tr., (assert) dabai, ru- 
 mai ; (be sure) v.i., hub. 
 
 astern, ad., markabka harkisa 
 dambe. 
 
 asthma, n., haho, — adi. 
 
 astonish, v.tr., yabi; be — , yab- 
 sanaw, la yabsanaw. 
 
 astonishing, astonished, a., ya- 
 ban, yabsan, la yabsan, yab 
 
 astonishment, n., la yab, — ki. 
 astound, v.tr., kaga nihi ; be — , 
 
 nah. 
 astray, ad., halloh ; go — , ambo, 
 
AST 
 
 162 
 
 ATT 
 
 habab ; lead — , ambi, hababi ; 
 
 they -were led — from the 
 right -worship of God, 'abud- 
 ninti Ilabhai e tosnaid ba 
 iyaga laga ambiyai, 
 astrologer, n., geda goiyai, — M 
 (m. and/.), hariyan, — ki {m), 
 
 -ti (/.)■ 
 astrology, n., geda goiyo, — adi. 
 astronomer, n., hedigiyai, — hi. 
 asunder, ad., kala; put it — , 
 
 kas iss ka dig. 
 at, prp., ku ; — sea, baddu ku 
 
 so jira or baddu so so'oda ; 
 
 — home, ahalki bu joga, — 
 your house, ahalkagi bu joga ; 
 
 — hand, dowyahai ; — leisure, 
 gortanan haul kaleb lahain; 
 
 — ease, barah ; — a stand, 
 wan weirweir'sanahai ; — a 
 loss, wan ragsanahai ; we are 
 
 — odds, 'oil bannu nahai, or 
 her bannu lehnahai, or wannu 
 iss honsana, or honsimad ba 
 na deh. yal ; — this moment, 
 iminkadan, gortan, haddatan, 
 gortatan o kaleh ; — this day, 
 malintan, darartan o kaleh, 
 'ana malkan; — that time, 
 gortasa, kolkasa ; — one 
 time or other, mar ama mar 
 kaleh; — that time or the 
 other, gorta ama gortedahan ; 
 
 — no time, kolla, koMa, had- 
 na, gorna ; — last, kolki dam- 
 be se ; — first, kolki horai ; 
 
 — the very first, gorti ugu 
 horaisai ; — the first coming 
 of the governor, serkalka 
 imadkisi horai ; — once, mar 
 
 keliah ; all things are ordered 
 — the will of God, wah wa- 
 liba haulka Ebbahai bai ku 
 so'odan or ba hagajiya. 
 
 atheist, n., gal, — ki. 
 
 atmosphere, n., ne'aw, — di, da- 
 bail, — shi. 
 
 atone, v.tr., (reconcile) ; Jesus 
 atoned us to God, 'Issa Ebbe- 
 hen ino geiyai or heshisiyai. 
 
 atone for, v.i. ; if you wish to be 
 in peace atone for your sins, 
 hadad donaisid inad uabad 
 gashid dembigagi hanun iss 
 kaga bii or ka tobad ken. 
 
 atonement, «., tobad, — di. 
 
 attack, n., dagal, — ^ki, dagalan, 
 — ki, dirir, — ti, werar, — ki, 
 mag, — gi, jalalaha, — hi; — 
 of another tribe, dulan, — ^ki; 
 unexpected — , gadnin, — ^ti, 
 
 attack, v.tr., dagalan, dirir, 
 werar, mag, jalalah, diU, gad, 
 ku guluf (gulfa, plur.). 
 
 attain, v.tr., hel ; v.i., (arrive at) 
 is he wise who hopes to — the 
 end without the means ? ma 
 miyirsan yahai kan iss lihi 
 inu ahirtauka darajalaan ku 
 heli dona ? 
 
 attend, v.tr., (serve) 'awi, la jir, la 
 jog ; (wait for, accompany) 
 weheli, sug, ra' ; (yield, give 
 attention) v.i., yel; yield to 
 his saying, hadalkisa yel; — a 
 woman during her confinement, 
 v.tr., ka umuli; v.i., iss ka 
 umuli. 
 
 attendance, w,, sugnin, — ti ; give 
 attendance to your master, 
 
ATT 
 
 163 
 
 BAB 
 
 sahebka sugnin n habo or 
 
 ninka ku taliya yel. 
 attendant, n., hadan, — ki, midi- 
 
 din, — ki, nin la joga, sebiyan, 
 
 — ^ki. 
 attention, n., feyigan, or foyigan, 
 
 or fojigan, — ti. 
 attentive, a., feyig, foyig or fojig ; 
 
 be — , foyigow; be an — 
 
 man, nin fojiganahaw. 
 attest, v.tr., (certify) dabai, far, 
 
 marhati ku fur ; — to, u fur ; 
 
 — against, ku fur. 
 attestation, n., marhati, — gi. 
 attract, v.tr., ku kahai, ku jido ; 
 
 (allure) sasab, halhal, dufso; 
 
 bad actions or deeds attract 
 
 youth to bad, falnin hun, or 
 
 humi dalinyaro wah hun bai 
 
 ku jidata, or jar bu ku 
 
 tura ; good deeds attract youth 
 
 to good, falnin wanaksani 
 
 dalinyaro wah wanaksan bu 
 
 ku jita. 
 attractive, a., wah dufsanaisa. 
 attribute, n., (quality adherent) 
 
 as mamus, reputation, respect, 
 attribute, v.i., (suppose) u malai, 
 
 ku sheg. 
 auction, n., (open sale) harash, 
 
 — ki. 
 augment and augmentation, «., 
 
 korod, — ki, kordis, — ki. 
 augment, v.tr., badni, badnai, 
 
 kordi, kordiso. 
 aunt, n., (paternal) eddo, — adi; 
 
 maternal — , habaryar, — ti. 
 aurora, n., aroriyo, — adi, aroriyo 
 
 hore. 
 authority, a., hukum, — ki, 
 
 authorize, v.tr., idin; be author- 
 ized, ha lag^ idmo. 
 of no avail, «., wa wah an wahba 
 
 tarain. 
 avoid, v.tr., (keep away from) iss 
 
 ka daur; he avoids me, wa 
 
 iss ka ka i dauraya. 
 avow, v.tr., (confess) hado, hiro. 
 avowal, n., hir, — ti. 
 await, v.tr., daur, u jed. 
 awake, v.i., ka', sara ka', tos; 
 
 remain — , so jed, 'awai. 
 awake, awaken, v.tr., ke'i, tosi, 
 
 ka ke'i. 
 awaking, n., tosnin, — ti. 
 be aware of ^ v.i., foyigow or foji- 
 
 gow, ogow. 
 away (with this), prp., la tag 
 
 kan, — ^kas ; they went — , wa 
 
 mahan yihin. 
 awkward, a., bassar hun. 
 awry, a., hallohan, janjedah; 
 
 ad., halloh, janjed; be — , 
 
 janjed; put — , janjedi. 
 axe, «., (crooked one) gudumo or 
 
 gudimo, — adi. 
 azure^ «., madow 'adan. 
 
 B. 
 
 babble, babbling, n., daudar, — ^ki. 
 
 babble, v.i., daudar. 
 
 babbler, «., nin daudarah, — ki; 
 ninki daudarkaaha, the bab- 
 bler. 
 
 M 2 
 
BAB 
 
 164 
 
 BAL 
 
 babe, baby, «., ilmo, — hi, jaha, 
 ihi, murjo', H. 
 
 bachelor, n., (unmarried man) 
 dob, — ki. 
 
 back, «., dabar, — ki (gen. name), 
 jirjir, — ki (this word is es- 
 pecially used for the back of 
 man and generally for desig- 
 nating the hinder part of any- 
 thing) ; all the — , jiijir'ad, — 
 ki ; fall on your — , jirjira'dka 
 U da' ; carry a person on your 
 — , dabarka ku sid; — of 
 animals, dul, — shi; — behind 
 the camel's hump, marahsar, — 
 ki. 
 
 back, ad., dabarka, dabada, dib; 
 be — , noh.0 ; at one o'clock I 
 will be back in the office, kow- 
 dan hafiska ku nohon; come 
 — , so noho ; give — to, u'eli ; 
 go — , dib u noho; keep ■ — , 
 dib u joji or hai ; pull — , da- 
 bada, or dabarka, or dib n 
 jid ; send — , dib u dir ; 
 take — to you, 'esho. 
 
 backbite, v.tr., hauo. 
 
 backbiting, n., han, — ti, hama- 
 sho, — adi. 
 
 backbiter, «., nin han badan. 
 
 backbone, n., laf dabar, — ^ti, 
 — ka. 
 
 backside, n., dabo, — adi. 
 
 backslide, v.tr., (in religion) dinta 
 jahad, kafar, tarak. 
 
 backslider, n., (an apostate) kafir, 
 — ki, tarik, — gi. 
 
 backward, — s, ad., dib ; go — , 
 dibuso'o; go — and forwards, 
 hore iyo diba u so'o, 
 
 bad, a., hun, bas, darran ; be — , 
 hxunaw; do — to, u humai; 
 make (him, it) — , hiiinai. 
 
 bad state, bad thing, «., belo, — 
 adi. 
 
 badge, n., alif, — ki, astan, — ki. 
 
 badger, n., (a kind of) bauna, — 
 hi ; (honey-eater) hor,^ki ; 
 (kind of small pig living under 
 ground ) harendi, — di. 
 
 bag, n., joniad, — di ; — made of 
 skins, hashin, — ti, jirab, — ki, 
 ohli, — gi ; — of dates, min, — 
 ki, gosarad, — di; half a bag 
 of dates, min gohi; (purse) 
 kish, — ki; long — used to 
 go into tlie country, madad, 
 — ki ; (of cows, udder) 'ando, 
 — adi. 
 
 baggage, n., alabo, — di, halab, — 
 ki. 
 
 bail, n., (surety) 'arbun, — ti, 
 damin, — ti, 'udal, — shi. 
 
 bail, v.tr., (be surety for some 
 one) damino, rahan. 
 
 bait, v.tr., (a lure to entice fish ...) 
 la'af, — ti. 
 
 bake, v.tr., bislai, mnfai. 
 
 baker, n., 'ajinleh, — ihi, habbas, 
 — ki. 
 
 bakery, n., muhbasad, — di. 
 
 balance, n., (scales) misan, — ki. 
 
 balance, v.tr., (weigh) mis. 
 
 bald, a., (without hair) bidarleh, 
 nin bidarleh; — head, da- 
 ka'ad ; dakadi 'adaid, the 
 bald head. 
 
 baldness, n., bidar, — ti. 
 
 bale, n., (of goods) hidmo ala- 
 boah, — ma£. 
 
BAL 
 
 165 
 
 BAT 
 
 ball, n., (any round "body) kubad, 
 
 — di, gu'unso, — di. 
 ballast, n., farmi, — gi. 
 ballast, v.tr., faram. 
 bamboo, n,, jara', — i'M. 
 band, n., (a tie) bohor, — ki; 
 
 belly — for camels or other 
 
 animals, hain or 'ain,^ — ti ; for 
 
 horses, wegered, — ki. 
 bandit, «., (highwayman) dalin, 
 
 — ki, dalin bilad,— ki, saruh, 
 
 — hi. 
 bandy, n., tukubai, — ihi. 
 bandy, a., halloh. 
 bane, n., (poison) dunkal, — shi, 
 
 wabayo, — adi. 
 bane, v.tr., dunkal si, waba- 
 
 yai. 
 baneful, a., wabayaisan. 
 bang, v.ir., (thump, beat) tanton, 
 
 tumnjai. 
 bang, re., tantomo, — adi. 
 banish, v.tr., safiri, masafiri. 
 banishment, re., safiris, — ki, ma- 
 
 safiris, — ki. 
 bank, ?;,., (hillock) gumbTir, — ti, 
 
 bur, — ti ; (shore) heb, — ti. 
 banquet, n., diafad, — di. 
 barber, n., rais, — ki. 
 bare, a., bawau. 
 
 barefoot, a., kabala ; the bare- 
 footed man, ninki kababalaa. 
 bareness, re., hawanan, — ti. 
 bare, v.tr., hawi. 
 bargain, «., baya'ad, — di; a — 
 
 is a — , baya'adba baya'adah. 
 hark, n., (riudof a tree) dir, — ki; 
 
 2nd — used for making ropes, 
 
 dub, — ki, maidah, — di ; — 
 
 producing red dye, asal, — ki. 
 
 bark, v.tr., (take oif the bark) dil» 
 
 dir. 
 bark, v.i., (to bay) 'ei or 'i. 
 barking, n., 'i, — di. 
 barmj «., (yeast) bamir, — ki. 
 barrack, «., himad, — di. 
 barrel, n., (cask) barmil, — ki. 
 barren, a., ma dalais,— ki (m.), 
 
 — ti (/.) ; for ail females, 
 
 galof, — ti. 
 barrow, «,, (hand-barrow) rarab, 
 
 — ti. 
 barter, v.tr., flafi, dafso, dori, 
 
 dorso. 
 barter, bartering, re., dafsasbo, — 
 
 di, dafsis, — ki. 
 base, a., fudud. 
 baseness, re., fadaid, — ki. 
 bashful, a., (shy) Maah, fulai, 
 
 — ihi (also re.), 
 bashfulncss, n., folauimo, — ■ 
 
 adi. 
 basin, re., hedo, — adi ; large oval 
 
 — , habal, — ki. 
 bask, v.tr., (warm) diri, kululai ; 
 
 — in the sun, duksi. 
 bask, v.i., iss diri ; — yourself in 
 
 the sun, duksiso. 
 basket, n., kolai,— gi, sambil, — 
 
 ki ; — used for carrying rub- 
 bish, alol, — ki. 
 bastard, n., gara', — ri'hi, wa'al 
 
 or we'el,— ki. 
 baste, v.tr., (to beat) ul la da' ; 
 
 (to sew slightly) hodob, iss ku 
 
 hodob. 
 bat, n., (flitter mouse) iidmer, — 
 
 ti. 
 bate, v.tr., (lessen) din, iga 
 
 diti. 
 
BAT 
 
 166 
 
 BBA 
 
 hateful, a., hori daWeh. 
 bath, n., muhuraslio, — adi. 
 bathe, v.i., muhuri, badda bi- 
 
 yaha ku so babojiso. 
 batten, v.tr., (fatten) shishlai, 
 
 nabi; (to grow fat) v.i., sMsh- 
 
 low, uah. 
 battle, n., dagal, — ki, dirir, — ti, 
 
 werar, — ^ki, harbi, — gi. 
 bawd, n., (a procuier) fatal, — 
 
 ki (»!.), fatalad,— di (/.), ha- 
 
 wad, — ki (m.), hawadad, — 
 
 di (/.)• 
 bawl, v.i., (cry loudly) dowdow- 
 
 lai. 
 
 bawler, n., dowdowleh, — hi. 
 
 bay, n., jori. 
 
 bazaar, 71., sub, — hi. 
 
 be, v.i., ah (affix), ahaw (see 
 Gram.) ; what is it to me ? 
 aniga mahai i la tahai? he is 
 to be killed, in la dila bu 
 lehyahai ; you are to speak, 
 hadalka ada leh or inad ha- 
 dasha bad lehdahai ; it is day, 
 wa darar, malin ; it was night, 
 habein bai ahaid; it is over, 
 damatai ; how is it with you ? 
 simai, side ku la tahai ? it is 
 so with me, sidasai i la tahai 
 or aniga wa i la sida ; what is 
 the matter 1 wa side ? so it is, 
 wa sida ; let it be so, sida u 
 da ; so he it, sida ha ahato ; 
 I am to go thither, halkasan 
 inan tago lehahai ; it is good 
 being here, wa wanag in hal- 
 kan la jogo; it was better 
 being there, ti ba tan ka 
 wanaksanaid, or ti ba tan 
 
 dantai, or halko ba si wanak- 
 sanaid; there is, there are, 
 there was, there will be, wah 
 jira (sinff. and plur), wah 
 jirai, wah jiri dona ; there are 
 many men, niman badan ba 
 jira or niman badni wa jiran ; 
 here he is, haiku joga; there 
 is one, wa mid ; this is the 
 reason why I did it, eddi 
 an wahha ku samaiyai 
 wa ta. 
 
 bead, n., mid, — di. 
 
 beam, «., (wood) dogob, — ki. 
 
 beams, n., (of the sun) falladaha 
 horahda, — ihi horahda. 
 
 bear, v.tr., (carry) had, sid ; (bring 
 forth) dal, bihi, yelo. 
 
 beard, n., gad, — ki ; bearded, 
 gadleh; beardless, gad la or 
 gad ma lahita. 
 
 hearer, w., (porter) hamal, — ki, 
 nin wah hada or sida. 
 
 beast, -n., dugag, — gi ; wild — , 
 bahal, — ki; wild — good for 
 eating, ugad, — di ; tame — , 
 marabi, — di ; tame — become 
 wild, bubal, — shi; tame — 
 flying away, a'imad, — ki. 
 
 beat, v.tr., dil, la, ku dufo, ku 
 dug; — hard, sug; — re- 
 peatedly, la da', gara', ul la 
 da'. 
 
 beaten, a., la dilai, sugan. 
 
 beautiful, a., bahsan, hurohsan, 
 huroh badan, huroh wanak- 
 san. 
 
 beautify, v.tr., hurhi ; v.r., hur- 
 hiso. 
 
 beauty, n., huroh, — di. 
 
BEO 
 
 167 
 
 BBH 
 
 because, c, haddeh. 
 
 become, v.i., (be made) noho ; 
 
 what will — of me? tolow! 
 
 maha i dambain ? 
 
 bed, n., sarir, — ^ti, gogol, — shi; 
 go to — , hurda dono or tag ; 
 be is a — , wajifa, wahtirda; 
 he lies sick a — , bukau or hauim 
 bu la jifa; put him out of his 
 — , sarirtisa ka tosi ; he is on 
 his death — , wa ugu dambais- 
 tisi; — side, sarirti gesteda; 
 he that goes to — thirsty rises 
 healthy, ninki harad ku se- 
 hada, afimad bu ku so tosa; 
 it is — time, hurda jogta; 
 — stead, horiyo sarired. 
 
 bed (of a river), «., dei' or dih, 
 
 — di, dob, — hi ; dry — of a 
 
 river, gof, — ki. 
 bedding, n., gogol, — shi ; prepare 
 
 the — , gogoshi gogol. 
 bedew, v.tr., (moisten gently) yar 
 
 ho, yar hoi. 
 
 bee, n., shiii, — di. 
 
 beef, «., hilib lo'ad, hilibki 
 lo'da. 
 
 beetle (coleopterous insect), n. ; 
 the stinking black one, har 
 walwal, — ki. 
 
 befall (to happen to), v.i. ; it 
 befell me, wah ba igu da'ai ; 
 the worst that can — me is to 
 die, but I do not fear, wahha 
 ugu hun e igu da'a (or di'i 
 dona) wa mot, ka se bihi 
 mayo. 
 
 before, pi-p., hore, horai, horta ; 
 — noon, duhurka hortisa; I 
 will die — I behave so, wah 
 
 ban diman intanan aslubta 
 yelan ; — and behind you, 
 hortada iyo dabadada ba ; — 
 the face of the whole town he 
 was hanged, dadki magalada 
 jogai hortodi ba lugu del- 
 delai; I love you — myself, 
 anigu adan ka ja'lahai ; ad., 
 awal or awel ; long — , beri 
 horai. 
 
 beg, v.tr., bari ; — earnestly, da- 
 lab, dalbo ; — for alms, da- 
 wirso; they — for peace, iyagu 
 heshis (nabad) bai raban, or 
 iyagu bari yai raban. 
 
 beget, v.tr., flal, yelo. 
 
 beggar, n., dagag, — gi, nin daga- 
 gah, dawaro, — di, miskin, — 
 ki {m.), miskinad, — di (/.) 
 
 begging, n., bariyo, — di, dawarsi, 
 
 begin, v.tr., kaga habo ; — 
 
 quick, dahso ugaga habo, u 
 
 halhal. 
 beginning, n., horan, — ti ; the — 
 
 of the world, dunida horan- 
 
 tedi. 
 begone ! int., (go away!) tag! iss 
 
 ka tag! iss ka bah! iga or 
 
 naga tag ! 
 beguile, v.tr., (delude) dufso, hal- 
 hal. 
 behalf, n., awo, — adi, darad, — 
 
 di ; on my — , awadai, darad- 
 
 dai. 
 behave (well), v.i., aslubnaw; he 
 
 behaves ill, wa aslub hun ya- 
 
 hai. 
 behaviour, n., abur, — ki, aslub, 
 
 — ti. 
 
BEH 
 
 168 
 
 BEN 
 
 behead, v.tr., gowra'. 
 
 beheading, n., gowra', — i'hi. 
 
 behind, ad. and prp., dib ; leave 
 — , dambaisi ; go — , ka dam- 
 bai ; remain — , dambai, dib u 
 had ; ride — , aga dambai ka 
 fill ; she came — , dibai u so 
 ka'dai ; he came — , dibu u so 
 ka'ai ; before and — , hor iyo 
 dabo ; is there yet anything 
 — ? weli dabada wah ma 
 jiran. 
 
 behold, v.tr., (look) arag, dai, 
 daur, eg, jedali. 
 
 being, n., (a creature) un, — ki. 
 
 belay, v.tr., (place in ambush) ku 
 hatati, dumi. 
 
 belch, n., da'o, — di. 
 
 belch, v.i., da'. 
 
 belief, n., amin, — ti, rumaisad, 
 — ki. 
 
 believe, v.tr , amin, rumaiso. 
 
 believer, n., nia amina, or amina 
 yal. 
 
 hell, n., gando,— adi; little — , 
 dawan, — ^ki. 
 
 bellow, v.i., 'ei or i'. 
 
 bellowing, n., bana'ei, — gi. 
 
 bellows, n., buffimo, — adi. 
 
 belly, n., 'alol, shi, nr, — ki; 
 upper part of the — , leg, — gi ; 
 under part of the — , gumar, 
 — ki; — ache, alol hanun, or 
 ur hanun, — ki ; my — aches, 
 alosha i hanunaisa ; open the 
 — , doh. ; opening of the — , 
 dohninj — ti. 
 
 belong, v.i.; the word leh ordi- 
 narily expresses the meaning of 
 "belong": I — to God, Ilak- 
 
 hai ba i leh ; it belongs to me, 
 to him, ana leh, isaga leh. 
 
 beloved, a. ; God has sent to us 
 his beloved son, Ebbehen 
 wuhu ino so dirai inankisi u 
 ja'ala. 
 
 below, ad. and prp., daf, dafta, 
 hos, hosta ; is he — ? dafta or 
 hosta ma jira ? 
 
 belt, n., (man's) sun, — ki ; (wo- 
 man's) bohor, — ki. 
 
 bend, v.tr., (make crooked) hal- 
 lohi ; — a bow, hanso so god ; 
 — ' the body, jidka forori ; — 
 the knee, rugga so lab, or ji- 
 libka dig ; ■ — the stick against 
 the wall, usha derbiga ku tiri, 
 
 — the brow, huruf ; — your- 
 self, bow, v.i., fororso, tirso; 
 
 — on, ku tirso ; — to drink 
 water, rah. 
 
 bending, n., forar or foror, — ^ki ; 
 
 (being off the perpendicular) 
 
 halloh, — ^hi; — of the brow, 
 
 huruf, — ki. 
 beneath, ad., daf, hosta; put — , 
 
 hosaisi. 
 benediction, «., barakad, — di, 
 
 du'o, — adi; he has been blessed, 
 
 du'adi ku da'dai. 
 benefactor, n. ; it is my — , wa 
 
 nin i dehsiah; it is our — , 
 
 wa nin no ron, or ninkasi wa 
 
 no tolmon yahai, or wa nin 
 
 wah no tara. 
 beneficence, n., deh, — di. 
 beneficent, benevolent, a., deh 
 
 badan, ga'an badan, 
 benefit, n , (profit) fayido, — adi, 
 
 helin, — ki. 
 
BEN 
 
 169 
 
 BIG 
 
 bent, a., hallohan, forarsan, fo- 
 rara. 
 
 benumbed (person), n., damad, 
 
 benumbed, a., damadsan. 
 
 bequeath, v.ir., (leave by will) 
 dardaran. 
 
 bequeathmont, bequest, n., dar- 
 daran, — ^ki. 
 
 beseech, v.tr., (implore) bari, 
 dalbo ; I — you, sir, pardon 
 me, sab, bari yan ka dalbadai 
 e i 'afB, or wahan ka bariyai 
 e i 'afB.; I — your attention, 
 fojigantadan weidisanaya, or 
 ka bariyaya. 
 
 beside, besides, pi'p., ges, gesta, 
 ag, — ta, dow ; sit — him, ag 
 or ges fadi or fadiso. 
 
 besmear, v.tr., uskagai, wasa- 
 hai. 
 
 bespatter, v.tr,, dulduli. 
 
 bespattering, n., duldiil, — ki. 
 
 besprinkle, v.tr., rushai, ku said. 
 
 best, a. ; this is the best, wah- 
 kasa ka wada wanaksan or 
 ugu wanaksan; it is the — 
 for you, adiga sidasa ku wada 
 danta, or adiga sidasa lagu 
 hatai ; I will do the — 1 can, 
 inta tagtai takai ban yeli or 
 ban samain or ban tari. 
 
 bestow, v.tr., u dib, si. 
 
 bestride, v.tr., dada'. 
 
 bet, n., sharad, — ^ki. 
 
 bet, v.tr., la sharatan. 
 
 betray, v.tr., hawaisi, dag. 
 
 betrothe, v.tr., (affiance) don, la 
 ballan. 
 
 betrothed, a., donan. 
 
 betrothing, n., donin, — ki, do- 
 nanan, — ti. 
 
 better, a., dama (m.), danta (/.), 
 ka ron, ka wanaksan ; he, she 
 is — than you, isagu wa ku 
 dama, iyadu wa ku danta; 
 make — , wanaji; grow — , 
 si wanaksan u bah or noko,; 
 he grows — in health, wa afi- 
 madaya. 
 
 between, prp., deh, dehda; go 
 — , deh gal ; come — , so deh 
 gal, so dahai. 
 
 bevy, n., (flock of birds) shir, 
 — ki, shirkoda. 
 
 beware, v.i., (be cautious) feyi- 
 gaw or fojigow. 
 
 bewilder, v.tr., (to lose in pathless 
 places) hababi, ambi ; v.i., ha- 
 bab, ambo. 
 
 beyond, prp., shishai, — di. 
 
 Bible, n., torad iyo injil, toradka 
 iyo injilka. 
 
 bid, v.; do as you are bid, fal 
 sida lugu lehyakai or dega 
 nuglow (obey); when we are 
 bidden to great feasts, we must 
 take our fine clothes, marka 
 'id wein naUo ku yedo, dar 
 wanaksan an so huwano or 
 an so harragono ; I bade him 
 go home, ahalki habo ban ku 
 idi ; — him come in, ahalka 
 hor u so mar ku deh or so gal 
 ku deh ; 1 am bidding you fare- 
 well, nabad geliyo ayan ku 
 odonaya. 
 
 bier, «., (wooden frame to carry 
 a dead body) rarab, — ti. 
 
 big, a., wein ; make — , weinai. 
 
BIL 
 
 170 
 
 BLO 
 
 bile, n., da'ar, — ti. 
 
 bilious, a., da'araisan. 
 
 bill, n. (any -written paper) war- 
 had, — di ; — of goods, hisab, 
 — ti; here is the — , wa ta 
 hisabti ; — of passage, tiked, 
 — ki. 
 
 billet, n., (log of wood) hulad or 
 hulod, — ki. 
 
 bind, v.tr., (tie) hid; he was 
 bound hand and foot, ga'an 
 iyo lug ba wa ka hidna ; — 
 yourself by promise, ballan iss 
 ku hid or ku tasho. 
 
 bird, «., shimbir, — ti; birds in 
 general, had, — di; (fowls) doro, 
 — adi ; kinds : dorei, — di, fin, 
 — ti, gallow, — gi ... (seeSom.- 
 Eng. Voc). 
 
 birth, m., dalniii, — ti; give — , 
 dal, iimul ; come to — , dalo. 
 
 biscuit, n., biskut, — ki. 
 
 bison antelope, n., bi"id, — ki. 
 
 bit, «., (small piece) in yar ; — 
 of a bridle, hakamai, — mihi, 
 hilhad {see curb). 
 
 bitch, n., eiyad, — di. 
 
 bite, biting, n., haninyo, — adi. 
 
 bite, v.tr., hanin; v.r., iss ha- 
 nin. 
 
 bitter, a., hadad, danan. 
 
 bitterness, ?j.,hadad, — ki, danan, 
 — ki. 
 
 black, 11., madow, — gi; a., ma- 
 dow, madowba. 
 
 blacken, v.tr., madowbai. 
 
 blacksmith, n., tumal, — ki. 
 
 bladder, n., kadsha hais, — ti. 
 
 blade-bone or shoulder-bone, n., 
 laf garab, — ti, — ^ki. 
 
 blame, n., masabidnimo, — adi. 
 blame, v.tr., masabid, hanib. 
 blameable, a. ; he is — , nin la 
 
 masabido waiyai ; thou art — , 
 
 wa tahai. 
 
 blamer, n., masabid, — ^ki. 
 blanket, «., busta, — hi, kiunbul, 
 
 — ki. 
 blaspheme, w.^r. and «;.i.,Ilah 'ai, 
 
 Ilah inkar. 
 blasphemer, n., nin Ilah 'aia. 
 blaze, n. (flame) belbel, — ki, hal- 
 low, — gi, olol, — ki. 
 blaze, v.i., olol. 
 bleed, v.i., (lose blood) dig bah ; 
 
 my wound is bleeding, hon- 
 
 taida dig ka bahaya or ka 
 
 imanaya. 
 bleed, v.tr., (let blood) dig ka 
 
 si da. 
 bleeding, n., dig bah or bihi; — 
 
 of the nose, goror, — ^ki. * 
 blemish, n., 'eib, — ti. 
 blemish, v.tr., (stain) 'eibai. 
 bless, v.tr., barakadai, du'ai, 
 
 hadei, sahal. 
 blessed, a., barakadaisan, du'a 
 
 haba. 
 blessing, n., barakad, — di, du'o, 
 
 — afi, hair, — ki. 
 blessedness, bliss, n., raho, — adi, 
 
 rahad, — di. 
 blind (roller), n., alol, — ki. 
 blind, a., indala, 
 blindness, n., indalaan, — ti. 
 blister, n., ga'anti biyo i galai, 
 
 'agti wa i biyotai. 
 block,M.(stem of a tree) dogob, — ki. 
 blockhead, n., dohon, — ki, na's, 
 
 — ki. 
 
BLO 
 
 171 
 
 BOl^ 
 
 blood, n., aig, — gi. 
 
 bloody, a., digleh; a — man, nin 
 layanah. 
 
 bloom, blossom, n., ubah, — bihi, 
 man, — ki. 
 
 blot, n., (obliteration) babiis, — 
 ki. 
 
 blot out, v.tr.^ babii, bii, ka bii, 
 tir, ka tir. 
 
 blow, m., (stroke) nabar, — ki ; — 
 with the flat of a sword, ballad, 
 — ki ; — with the fist, tantomo, 
 — adi, tumujo, — adi ; — with 
 the hand, darbah, — ^hi. 
 
 blow, v.i., (to move with a current 
 of air) dabaishi wa da'aisa, or 
 dabail ba ina haisa ; — with 
 the mouth, v.lr., afaf ; — with 
 bellows, bufi ; — your nose, iss 
 ka simi or sinso, or sinka iss 
 ka tir; (winnow) huf ; — out 
 the lamp, siradka bahti or 
 sehi. 
 
 blue (colour), «., madow 'adan, 
 — ki. 
 
 blunder, «., hatalad, — di. 
 
 blunder, v.tr., hatal ; v.i., hata- 
 lan, iss hatal. 
 
 blunt, a,, af darran. 
 
 boar, n., dofar,— ki, dofar lab, 
 dofar ki lab. 
 
 board, n., (plank) loh, — hi. 
 
 boast, v.i., bu, fan. 
 
 boast, boasting, n., fan, — ka. 
 
 boat, «., (a small one) sehimad 
 or sihimad, — di ; (a large one) 
 doni,— di, bahlad,— di. 
 boat-hook, boat-staff, /?., bagad, 
 
 — ki. 
 boatman, «., bahri, — gi. 
 
 body, w., jid, — ki; a dead — , 
 
 miyid, — ki. 
 bog, n., dohbo, — adi. 
 boil, ra., (ambury) dullah, — lihhi. 
 boil, v.tr., kari; (to be agitated 
 
 by heat) v.i., it boils, kar, 
 
 distigi kar; the water boils, 
 
 biyihi wa karayan. 
 boiled, a., karsau; give me the 
 
 — water, biyaha karsan i si ; 
 
 — meat, hilib karsan. 
 boiler, «., (a kettle) digsi,— gi, 
 
 disti, — gi, deri, — gi, adar, — 
 
 ki. 
 boiling, n., kar, — ^ki; a., give me 
 
 boiling water, biya karaya i si. 
 bold, a., gesiah, hodah, lab ; n., 
 
 gesi, — gi, rifai, — fihi, rifakal 
 
 (pZwr.). 
 boldness, ra., gesinimo, — adi. 
 bonej «., laf, — ti. 
 book, «., kitab, — ki ; the written 
 
 or sacred — , 'ihni, — gi. 
 boot, n., kab, — ti. 
 booty, n., (plunder) bob, — ki, 
 
 boli, — gi. 
 border, «., (a selvage added to 
 
 a skin dress) damr, — ki ; — of 
 
 cloth, daraf, — ti, godi, — gi. 
 bore, «., (hole made by boring) 
 
 dalol, — ki. 
 bore, v.tr., daloli, ku maroji. 
 born, a., dashai; a new — boy, 
 
 wil dowan dashai ; be — , dalo. 
 borrow, borrowing, n., amah, — 
 
 di. 
 borrow, v.tr., amaho, so yelo. 
 borrower, n., dein had, — ki. 
 bosom, n., lab, — ti, nas, — ki. 
 botch, n., (ulcer) bog, — ti; (a 
 
BOT 
 
 172 
 
 BEA 
 
 piece of cloth stitched to old 
 
 clothes) karin, — ti. 
 botch, v.tr., (mend clumsily) 
 
 kar. 
 both, prn., labada ba; on — 
 
 sides, labada gesod ba. 
 bother, v.tr., dali, 
 bottle, ra., barurad, — di. 
 bottle, v.tr. ; — the wine, haru- 
 
 radaba bamri ka bnbbuhi. 
 bottom, «., daf, — ti, gun, — ti; 
 
 — of a vessel, sal, — ki. 
 bottomless, a., gun ma leh. 
 bough, n., (large shoot of a tree) 
 
 Ian, — ti. 
 bought, a., ibsan; be — , ibsanaw; 
 
 not — , ma ibsana. 
 bounce, v.i., (leap) bod. 
 bouncing, n., bodo, — adi, botin, 
 
 — ti. 
 bound, boundary, n., dal, — ki 
 bound, a., hidan, nin hidan. 
 bounteous, a., dehsiah, nin deh- 
 
 siab. 
 bounty, n., deh, — di. 
 bow, n., (act of reverence) forar 
 
 or foror, — ki, rako', — di, sujud, 
 
 — di. 
 bow, ra., (weapon) hanso, — adi. 
 bow, v.tr., (bend) halloH ; — 
 
 your knees, jilba dig ; — your 
 
 head, madahbaga forori; — 
 
 your body, jidkaga ^allobi or 
 
 forori. 
 bow, bow down, v.i., iss forori, 
 
 fororso! 
 bowel, v.tr., uslahada ka so bihi 
 
 or difo or jid or gur, 
 bowels, M.,uslabo, — adi, uslahais, 
 
 — ti. 
 
 bowl, n., (vessel for drinking) 
 fujan or fijan, — ki. 
 
 box, n. , (of bark or a small one of 
 wood ...) abhad, — di; (wooden) 
 saharad, — di, sanduh, — hi. 
 
 box, n., (blow given with the 
 hand) tantomo, — adi, tumujo, 
 — adi, darbaho, — adi. 
 
 box, v.tr., tumujai, darbah, fa- 
 ragorgor. 
 
 boy, n., wil, — ki, inan, — ki, ku- 
 rai, — gi, mudakar, — ki; little 
 — , ilmo, — ihi, ku yar, ki yara ; 
 boys, small boys, inamo, — adi, 
 'aruT, — ti, mahal, — shi, ma- 
 baldad,— ki. 
 
 bracelet,?!., dugagad, — di; wooden 
 — , haimboro, — adi ; — of sil- 
 ver, sindi, — gi, wahfi, — gi. 
 
 brag, n., (boast) hawayad, — di, 
 halalif, — ti. 
 
 brag, v.i., hawaisi ; v.tr., halalif 
 ku shub ; v.c, halalif ka 
 shub. 
 
 braid (of hair), n., tidei', — di'hi; 
 (a texture) tida'sho, — adi. 
 
 braid, v.tr., (weave together) tidi'; 
 v.r., tido'o. 
 
 braided, a., tida'an ; the — 
 hair, timaha tida'an, timahi 
 tida'na. 
 
 brain, n., maskah, — di. 
 
 brambles, n., (in a valley beside 
 a dry river) hid. 
 
 branch, n., Ian, — ^ti ; branches put 
 in a tent during the time of 
 rain, daragad, — di. 
 
 brand, n., hori dableh, horiga 
 dabkaleh; the — , duhul da- 
 bleh, duhul dambasleh. 
 
BEA 
 
 173 
 
 BEI 
 
 brand, w.ir., (mark with abranding- 
 iron) gub. 
 
 brandy, n., brandi, — gi. 
 
 brass, »., nahas, — ti, sufur, — 
 ki. 
 
 brave, a., (nin) gesiah, gesi, — gi, 
 hodah, lab, (nin) ragah. 
 
 bray (as asses), v.i., % madar; 
 the ass brays, dameirku wa 
 madara. 
 
 bread, n., kibis or kimis ; hot — , 
 kibis kuM; new — , kibis 
 diran ; stale — , kibis habow. 
 
 breadth, n., ballad, — di. 
 
 break, v.tr., burburi, bururi, jebi, 
 jejebi; — the stick, the glass, 
 usha, galaska jebi; — the 
 bottles, ^aruradaha jejebi; — 
 your neck, horta iss jebi; — 
 silence, wa badli kartan; — 
 the wall down, derbiga bur- 
 buri; — the eggs, ngabban 
 bururi; — the eyes, isha ka 
 bururi; — the picture, sawirka 
 bururi ; — ■ open the door, al- 
 babka burburiya or burbur- 
 sba or jida or iss ka jida or 
 ku dufta; — the prison, bab- 
 siga jebi ; — (quell) that 
 horse, faraska i tababar or 
 jarra bar; — his back, da- 
 bada ka la da' ; — the head, 
 dahar, ka dangalashi; (violate) 
 kufso. 
 
 break, v.i., (burst) burbur, burur, 
 jejeb, jab, ka jab; the ice 
 breaks, barafku wa burbura 
 or jajaba ; the ice broke, ba- 
 rafki jejeb ; the glass broke, 
 galaski jejeb or burbur ; when 
 
 the wave breaks, kolka maw- 
 jaddu burburto; I broke my 
 leg, lug ban ka jabai (}it. I was 
 broken of my leg) ; — your 
 leg, lug ka jab ; my eye burst, 
 il ba i bururtai. 
 
 break (of the day), n., aroryo, 
 — adi. 
 
 breakfast, ?i., afuro, — adi. 
 
 breakfast, v.i., afar. 
 
 breaking, «., jab, — ki, jabnin, 
 — ti. 
 
 breast, n., lab, — ti. 
 
 breath, n., nejf, — ti ; last — , ugu 
 dambais, — ti ; shortness of — , 
 hinrag, — gi. 
 
 breathe, v.i., neifso. 
 
 breech, n., dabo, — adi, sal, — - 
 ki. 
 
 breed, v.tr., (produce) yelo, dal ; 
 that child is cutting teeth, 
 inanka ilkiMsi ba u so ba- 
 haya ; (bring up) kori, 
 
 breeding, n., koris, — ki. 
 
 breeze, n., ne'aw, — di. 
 
 brew, v.tr., (to prepare, as a li- 
 quor, from several ingredients) 
 bosk, iss ku hosh, iss ku 
 dar. 
 
 brick, «., (baked) ajurad, — di; 
 (not baked) leben, — ki. 
 
 bridal, n., (wedding) aros, — ki. 
 
 bride, «., (newly-married woman) 
 arosad, — di. 
 
 bridegroom, w., aros, — ki. 
 
 bridge, «., (of the nose) sanbaror, 
 — ki; (of the sole) rai's ma- 
 gado, — adi. 
 
 bridle, n., bakamai or bakama, 
 — ihi. 
 
BRI 
 
 174 
 
 BEO 
 
 bright, a., dalalaya (m.), dala- 
 laisa (/.). 
 
 brighten, v.tr., 'adai, kaga da- 
 lali, iftimi. 
 
 brightness, n., dalal, — ki. 
 
 brim, n., (edge) girgir or jirjir, 
 — ki. 
 
 brimstone, w., (sulphur) kebrid, 
 — ki. 
 
 bring, v.tr., (fetch) ken, ka ken, 
 gei, la kalai ; — to me, — to 
 us, i ken, no ken or i, no la 
 kalai; — to him, her, them, 
 u gei, or u la tag; — me a 
 coach, gadi i ken ; — Ali with 
 you, All so kahai ; — to light, 
 dal, yelo ; she brought a child 
 into the worid, inan bai ifka 
 kentai ; — him into debt, han 
 geli ; — into danger, 'absi 
 geli ; — him to do it, ha falai 
 e wahhas u gei ; — back or 
 again," so 'eli; — back to, u 
 eU ; — to life again, nolai, 
 nolaisi ; — away, si had, so 
 sar, ka so sar; — the boy 
 down, wilka dafta u so rog ; 
 or so deji ; — forward, horo u 
 ken, horo u jid, horo u so jid; 
 
 — in, so geli ; — here, halka 
 ken, la kalai, so gur ; — ■ out, 
 tus, dibadda u sar; — out 
 your story, shekadada so sar ; 
 
 — that man out of trouble, 
 war ! ninka humanta ka bihi; 
 he was brought forth before 
 the time, sMnku dalad ma aha, 
 or sMnki ma dalan, or shinki 
 ma gadin ; he was brought 
 forth at his time, shinki ku 
 
 dalan; the she-camel brought 
 forth a young one, hashi nerig 
 bai abah ku dashai or dala- 
 tai or dalisai ; — up (educate 
 . . .) kori ; help to — up, la kori ; 
 be brought up, kor ; be brought 
 up with, la kor; your bad con- 
 duct will — mischief upon 
 you, aslubtada humi mel dar- 
 ran bai ka ridi or ka turi. 
 
 brink, m., (edge) fih, — hi; — of 
 a mountain, jar, — ki; — of a 
 river, dan, — ki. 
 
 brisket, «., (of a horse) geddo, 
 — adi. 
 
 brittle, a., jilai'san. 
 
 brittleness, n., jila' or jilai', — 
 lihi. 
 
 broad, a., balladan. 
 
 broaden, v.tr., balladi. 
 
 broil, v.tr., (dress meat on coals) 
 dub, sol. 
 
 broken, a., burbursan; be — , 
 burbur, jab, jajab ; a — lan- 
 guage, af burbursan, af ki bur- 
 bursana. 
 
 broke, v.i., (contract business for 
 others) dilal, dilal noho. 
 
 broker, n., dilal, — ^ki. 
 
 brokerage, n., (fee for promoting 
 bargains) ma'ash, — ^ki. 
 
 broom, n., minfih, — di; (a piece 
 of wood used as a broom) diga- 
 had, — ki. 
 
 broth, n., fiid, — ki. 
 
 brother, n., walal, — ki. 
 
 brotherhood, n., walalnimo,— 
 adi. 
 
 brow, M., kod, — ki ; (forehead) 
 fod,— di. 
 
BEO 
 
 175 
 
 BUT 
 
 brown (colour), n. and a., marrin, 
 
 — ki; light — , 'asusleh, ow- 
 
 lan. 
 browse, v.i., dah; the cow browses, 
 
 lodi wa dahaisa; the sheep 
 
 browse, adigi wa dahaya. 
 bruise, n., (contusion) laban, — 
 
 ki. 
 bruised, a., laban. 
 brush, n., burush, — ki. 
 brushwood, n., (brambles) hanan, 
 
 — ki. 
 brutal, a., bahalah. 
 brute, n. and a., bahal, — ki. 
 bubble, n., humbo, — adi. 
 bucket, n., baldi, — gi, barmil 
 
 yar; leathern — , nad, — ki, 
 
 wadau, — ti ; rope and — for 
 
 drawing water, dowlis. 
 buckle, 11., (a ring with a tongue) 
 
 hadabo, — adi. 
 buffet, n., (a blow with the hand) 
 
 dirbaho or darbaho, — adi. 
 buffet, v.tr., dirbah. 
 bug, n., kutan, — ti, 
 bugbear, v.tr., (frighten) baji. 
 bugalow, n., (large boat) bahlad, 
 
 — di, doni, — di, hanyad, — di. 
 build, v.tr., dis, diso; — for, 
 
 u dis, ahalka u samai. 
 building, n., disnin, — ti, samain, 
 
 — ti, 
 built, a., disan. 
 bull, n., dibi, — gi, 
 bullet, n., jalilad, — di. 
 bullock, n., dibi yar, 
 bum, «., (the buttocks) sal, — 
 
 ki. 
 bump (bunch), n. ; (a hard lump) 
 
 tur, — ^ti. 
 
 bunch (bundle), n.; (a number 
 
 of things tied together) guntin, 
 
 — ti, hidmo, — adi. 
 bunch, n., (of hair) dor, — ^ki. 
 buoy, n., boyad, — di. 
 burden, n., hamil, — ki, rar, — ^ki, 
 
 rarmo, — adi. 
 burial, n., asnin, — ti. 
 burn, n., (heat caused by fire) 
 
 gubnin, — ti; — made on sheep 
 
 (brand) hanjid, — di. 
 burn, v.tr., gfub ; v.r., gubo ; — 
 
 him alive, nolanta ku gub; 
 
 — to ashes or carbonize, hu- 
 runshai; v.i., gubo; he burns 
 like fire, dab o kalu u guba- 
 naya. 
 
 burnt, a., guban; a — thing, 
 
 hurunslio, — adi. 
 burr, n., (the round kotob of horn 
 
 next the deer's head) kod, — ki ; 
 
 — of the ear (lobe), dahal, — 
 shi ; (upper part of the lobe) 
 hurdan, — ki. 
 
 burrow, «., (hole made in the 
 
 ground by rabbits) god, — ki. 
 burst, v.i., harah, burur, dila' ; 
 
 v.tr., bururi. 
 bury, v.tr., as. 
 bush, n., (thick shrub) hauau, — 
 
 ki ; a sour — , daran, — ti ; a 
 
 kind of — with a milky sap, 
 
 dibow, — gi. 
 business, n., baul, — sM, dan, — ti. 
 bustard, n., 'elal jog or jog jog, 
 
 — ti, salalmodleh, — lihi. 
 busy, a., haul badan, haulaisan, 
 
 haushoda. 
 but, c, lakin, se (used as an 
 
 affix). 
 
BUT 
 
 176 
 
 OAL 
 
 butclier, n., adi hal, — ki. 
 butcher, v.tr., gowra', hal. 
 butler, n., (servant in charge of 
 
 liquorSj head servant) buder, 
 
 — ki or ninka sorta frenjiga 
 
 u diga. 
 butt, n., (mark to shoot at) My as, 
 
 — ti, dug, — ti ; the — end or 
 
 extremity of a thing, 'aro, — 
 
 adi. 
 butter, ■«., bur'ad, — ^ki; melted 
 
 — , sihin, — ti; — milk, ir, — 
 
 ti. 
 butterfly, n., balanbalis, — ti. 
 buttock, n., sal, — ki. 
 button, n., badan, — ki. 
 buy, v.tr., ibi, so ibi, ibso, so 
 
 ibso, sosi, siso, ka ibi. 
 buzz, v.i., (hum) guh, bin. 
 by, prp., agta, gesta; — my 
 
 side, agtaidi, gestaidi. 
 
 C. 
 
 c, third letter of the English 
 
 alphabet, 
 cabbage, n., kobi, — gi. 
 cable, n., hadig weia, — i — a. 
 cackle^ n., (of fowls) 'i, — di. 
 cackle, v.i., 'i. 
 cadaver, n., bahti, — gi, miyid, — 
 
 ki, rah, — di. 
 cage, n., (for birds) sab, — ki. 
 cake, «., (Arab one) halwad, — 
 
 di. 
 calculate, v.tr., tiri, tirso, hisab. 
 
 calculation, n., tiro, — adi, hisab, 
 -ti. 
 
 calf, n., (young of a cow) well, — 
 ki; (in general) weilo, — ihi; 
 (flesliy part of the leg behind, 
 below the knee) muruh, — ki. 
 
 call, n., (vocal address) yed, — ki, 
 yediiin, — ti. 
 
 call, v.tr., (to name) u bihi, ugu 
 yed; (to invite) u yed; call 
 after him, ad u yed ; — again 
 or back, so'eli; — aloud from, 
 ka yed; — him aside, goni 
 ugu yed ; — him out, away, 
 dibada u sar ; — at that place, 
 mesha si mar; — back your 
 word, hadalkagi ku noho ; the 
 governor calls for you, serkalki 
 ba ku yedaya or douaya ; do 
 you — for drink ? ma wahad 
 'abtid bad donaisa? — for 
 dinner, sorta hagaji or sorta 
 kala hagaji ; — forth, u yed ; 
 — in, so geli; — in your 
 money, la'agtada ha ku so 
 gasho ; — him ofif from that 
 bad thing, ninka wahha hun 
 or dauga hun uga yed; lam 
 called off from my studies, 
 barashadaidi ba la iga yedai ; 
 — • on, — to, — unto, — upon, 
 bari, dalbo; — him to help, 
 'awimad ugu yed ; — over the 
 names of the assembly, nin 
 walba magihisa ugu yed ; — 
 him to witness, marhati ugu 
 yed ; — to remembrance, hus 
 usi; — together, iss u ka- 
 lada ; — him up in the morn- 
 ing, arorta hore so tos. 
 
CAL 
 
 177 
 
 CAE 
 
 call to prayer, v.tr., adin. 
 
 calling to prayer, »., adimad, — 
 di, edan, — ^ki. 
 
 caller, n., (the man calling to 
 prayer) muadin, — ki, nin adi- 
 maya. 
 
 callousness, n., gandafll, — shi ; 
 — of the camel's hind legs, 
 gorof leged, — ki; — of the 
 camel's chest, shaf, — ki. 
 
 be callous, v.i., gaudafilow ; my 
 hand will become callous, ga- 
 <anti i gandafilodai. 
 
 calm, n., (at sea) hawal,^ — shi, 
 
 calm, v.tr., habowji. 
 
 calamniate, v.tr., edai, ku edai, 
 hafar, hano. 
 
 caluimiiator, n., nin ed badan, 
 hafar badan, habas, — ki. 
 
 calumny, n., hafar, — ki, han, — 
 ti, habasnimo, — adi. 
 
 camel, n., gel, — i, gelal, — sM 
 (plur. com. gen.), anr — ki(m.«.), 
 aur — ti (plur. com. gen.), rati, 
 — gi (m.), hal,— shi (f.) ; (stal- 
 lion) barhab, — ki ; castrated 
 — , gol, — ki; a kind of large — , 
 koron, — ki; young — , nirig, 
 gi (to.) — ti_ if.) ; young she 
 — , haUn, — ^ti ; — water-bearer, 
 dan, — ki; — not tamed, aimad, 
 — ki, laili, — gi; — without 
 load, adai'simo, — adi; — ac- 
 oustomed to carry loads, hamil 
 had. 
 
 camelopard, n., gerri, — gi, hal- 
 gerri, — di. 
 
 camp, v.i., deg, hoio. 
 
 camphire, camphor, n., kanfor, 
 — ki. 
 
 can, v.i., (be able) {defective and 
 auxiliary verb) iax ; he — read 
 and write; wa ahri kara o 
 hori kara ; I will do it if I — , 
 wan samain hadan karo; he 
 does all he — , wuhu kara bu 
 fala ; I cannot, ma' karo, kari 
 mayo ; he cannot come, ma 
 iman karo. 
 
 cancel, v.tr., (efface) babihi. 
 
 cancer, canker, n., hudai or huda, 
 — ihi. 
 
 cancerous, a., hudai. 
 
 candle, n., shimai' or shama', — 
 ihi. 
 
 cane, n., (kind of reed) diir, — ki. 
 
 canine tooth, «., mi'i, — di. 
 
 cannibal, n., •dadhal, — ki (m.), 
 dadhalato, — adi (/.), 
 
 cannon, n., (gun) madfa', — i'hi, 
 
 canon, n., (rule, law) hainun, — 
 ki. 
 
 canter, v.i., (gallop gently) har- 
 daf. 
 
 cap, n., kofiad, — di. 
 
 capable, a., kara ; be — , kar. 
 
 capablenesSj capability, n., kamin, 
 — ti. 
 
 cape, n., (a headland) rasi, — gi. 
 
 captive, n., (a prisoner of war) 
 ninki dagal ba lagu habtai ; 
 nagti wai la haden or nag- 
 tasu wa la habtai; (a slavn) 
 adon, — ki, bidai, — ^hi, bidad, 
 — di. 
 
 caravan, n., hafila, — di, safar, — 
 ki. 
 
 cards, n., turub, — ki (sing, and 
 plur.) ; play at — , turub 
 'ayar. 
 
CAR 
 
 178 
 
 CAS 
 
 care, n., (solicitude, heed) foyigan 
 
 or fojigan, — ti, ilalo, — adi ; 
 
 take — , iss ka eg, ilali jir, 
 
 ogow ; v.r., iss jir, iss ka jir, 
 
 iss ogow. 
 care, v.i., (be anxious) ; what — 
 
 you ? mahad u dan ledahai or 
 
 mahad u fojigantahai ? he 
 
 cares for nobodj^ nin na dan 
 
 n ma leh. 
 careful, a., aminah, foyig, feyig 
 
 or fojig ; be — , aminahaw. 
 carefulness, n., aminimo, — adi. 
 careless, a., (nin) fojigla, mu- 
 
 daya', — i'M. 
 carelessness, »., fojiglaan, — ti. 
 caress, n., salahid, -di, 
 caress, v.tr., salah. 
 cargo, ra.,nial, — ki, shehnad, — di; 
 
 bring your — , so nawil, sheh- 
 
 nadda nawUa. 
 carpenter, n., najar, — ki or nijar, 
 
 — ki. 
 carpet, to., firash, — ki ; a Somali 
 
 — , kebed, — di. 
 carriage, n., gadi or gari, — gi. 
 carried, a., (nin) la sido. 
 carrier, n., (porter) hamal, — ^ki. 
 carry, v.tr., (convey) had, sid, 
 
 sido; — for, u had, u sid; 
 
 — a child, hambar ; — thy 
 child, hambaro ; — yourself 
 well, si wanaksan u so'o ; he 
 carries himself well, aslub tol- 
 mon or wahan bu lehyahai; 
 
 — about you, sido ; — away, 
 la tag, dibada u la bah; 
 
 — away by force, ka difo ; 
 
 — back, dii) u 'eli ; — down, 
 hosta gei ; — out your design, 
 
 dama'haga or dantada wado ; 
 
 — over the child, inanka dur- 
 durka ka talabi. 
 
 cart, car, «., gawadi, — ;di. 
 
 cartouche, cartridge, to., rasas, 
 — ti. 
 
 carve, v.tr., (to cut wood) harad. 
 
 carved, a., hardan. 
 
 carving, to., harad, — ki. 
 
 cascade, cataract, n., biya gar- 
 baha ka so dulai, garbo, — ihi. 
 
 case, TO., (box) abhad, saharad, 
 — di ; judicial — , hujad, 
 — di ; — of complaint derived 
 from any transgression of the 
 Somali customs or traditions, 
 her,— ki. 
 
 cash (ready money), n. ; (of silver) 
 shola boli, — di; (of brass) 'a- 
 dadi, — di. 
 
 cask, n., (a vessel) barmil, — ki. 
 
 cast, v.tr., (throw) tur, rid ; 
 
 — a spear, waranka rid; — 
 yourself at his feet, hortisa iss 
 ku tur ; — away, hor ; — be- 
 hind, dambaisi, daba joji; — 
 down, hosaisi; — headlongj 
 madahha u tur, so weidafi. 
 
 castaway, n., (rejected) nin in- 
 
 karan, nin la na'ai. 
 caste, TO., higal, — ki, holo, — adi, 
 
 tol, — ki ; the high castes, gob, 
 
 — ki ; the low castes, sab, — ti ; 
 
 the three low castes : tumal, 
 
 — ki, midgan,— ki, yibir,— ki. 
 castor-plant, to., bu'a'ad, bu'a- 
 
 madow. 
 castrate, v.tr., dufan, tun, 
 castrated, «., dufanan, tuman ; a 
 
 gelded animal, dugag tuman, 
 
OAS 
 
 179 
 
 CHA 
 
 castration, n., dufan, — ki. 
 
 cat, n., bissad, — di, dinad,- di ; 
 male — , huri, — gi; wild — , 
 dinad habishi ; civet — , dinad 
 sabad, — di; small — , dinad 
 yar. 
 
 cataplasm, n., (a poultice) damoh, 
 — hi ; apply a — , damoh. 
 
 catarrh, n., durai, — gi. 
 
 catch, v.tr., (hold on to) habo, 
 habso, heji; — hold of, ka 
 habo, ka habso ; — with, ku 
 habso ; — the truth, mnta 
 hab ; the wood will — fire, 
 habadu wai guban; he has 
 caught a distemper, udur bu 
 hadai or habsadai or wu bu- 
 kodai. 
 
 catching, n., habasho. 
 
 caterpillar, n., dirindir, — ti, 
 
 caterwaul, n., (of cats) shiddo, 
 — adi. 
 
 caterwaul, v.i., shiddai. 
 
 Catholic, a., katholik, — gi, nin 
 katholigah. 
 
 cattle, n., holo nol, — ki, fof, — ki, 
 darer, — ^ki, sof, — ki; neat or 
 black — , lo', — di. 
 
 cause, n., (reason ...) ed, — di, 
 sabab, — ti. 
 
 cause, v.c. ; this is expressed by 
 using the causative form of the 
 verb [see Gram.). 
 
 cauterise, v.tr., gub. 
 
 cautery, n., (burning application) 
 dab, — ^ki. 
 
 caution, n., (sponsion) damin, 
 — ti. 
 
 cautious, a., foyig; he—, fojigow. 
 
 cavalry, n., fardoleh, — di. 
 
 cave, cavern, «., boran, — ti, god, 
 — ki. 
 
 caw, v.i., (cry as the rook) 'ei or 'i. 
 
 cease, v.tr., (discontinue) da, iss 
 ka da. 
 
 celebrate, v.tr,, (praise) aman; 
 (solemnise) 'id. 
 
 cement, «., simid, — ki. 
 
 cemetery, n., habalo, — lihi, ha- 
 bur, — ti, hawal, — shi. 
 
 censure, v.tr., (blame) hanib. 
 
 centre, n., deh, — di. 
 
 century, n., bbhol sanadod. 
 
 certain, a., (sure) la huba; — 
 news, war la huba ; it is — , 
 wa dab, wa run, wa la huba ; 
 be — , hub; make — , dabai, 
 kaga dabai, rumai, run la 
 huba sheg. 
 
 certain, a., (some one) hebel, wah 
 ba. 
 
 certainty, certitude, n., dab, — ti, 
 run, — ^ti. 
 
 certify, v.tr., (assure) dabai, fur, 
 marhati ku fur, rumai. 
 
 chafe, n.', (heat caused by rubbing) 
 gomod, — ki; (rage, fury) 'ado, 
 — adi. 
 
 chafe, v.tr., (make hot) kululai ; 
 (make angry) kaga 'adaisi; 
 (make warm by rubbing) go- 
 modi. 
 
 chafe, v.i., (rage) 'ado; (to be 
 sore or galled by riding) gomod. 
 
 chain, n., silsilad ; — of moun- 
 tains, buro iss ku yal, buraha 
 iss ku yal, buraha garbohoda. 
 
 chain, v.tr., (tie with chains) sil- 
 silad ku hid or ku jebi. 
 
 chair, n., kiirsi, — gi. 
 
 N 2 
 
CHA 
 
 180 
 
 CHE 
 
 clialk, n., malas,-ti, dareyo,-adi. 
 
 challenge, n., (invitation to fight) 
 
 dandansid or dandansis, — ki ; 
 . (a demand for something due) 
 
 dignin, — ti, hanan,— ki. 
 challenge, v.tr., (call to fight) 
 
 dandanso; (claim) hanan, ninki 
 
 dignin u dir. 
 chamber, n., (apartment) hoUad, 
 
 — di. 
 chameleon, n., jirjiroleh, — lihi. 
 champ, v.tr. and v.i., (chow, bite) 
 
 'alash.0; the horse champs his 
 
 bit, farasku hakamihi yu 'ala- 
 
 shanaya, 
 ch'ince, n., (luck) ayan, — ki. 
 chan(!e, n., (alteration, novelty) 
 
 bedalad, — di; — of money, 
 
 sarrif, — ki. 
 change (a thing), v.tr. ; (barter, 
 
 exchange) dafi, iss dafi, dafso, 
 
 dori, dorso; — money, sarrif; 
 
 — your shirt, hamiskaga iss 
 ka dig mid kaleh gasho or 
 huwo; — ynur hal with mine, 
 kofladada taida i daflor igu dori 
 
 channel, n., (canal) doh, — hi. 
 chant, n., (vocal music) hes, — ti. 
 chant, v.tr. and v.i., (sing) hes. 
 chap, «., (chink, clef t) dila', — hi; 
 
 — of the ground, bohol, — shi ; 
 
 — of the skin, safan, — ki. 
 chaplet, n., (garland, string of 
 
 beads) tusbah, — hi. 
 
 chapter, n., surad, — di. 
 
 character, n., (mark) sumad, — di ; 
 an indelible — , sumad an we- 
 liged bihia; (personal qualities, 
 particular constitution of mind) 
 'amal, — ki. 
 
 charcoal, w., duhul, — shi. 
 charge, «., (custody, care) ilalo, 
 
 — adi ; (burden) haniil,^ki, 
 
 rar, — ki, rarmo, — adi. 
 charitable, a., nahsan. 
 charity, n., (lo^e) ja'ail, — ki ; 
 
 (mercy) nahadin, — ti. 
 charm, n., (words or characters 
 
 imagined to have some magical 
 
 power) fal, — ki ; (amulet) 
 
 hirsi, — di, hardas, — ti, ma'fo, 
 
 —adi. 
 charm, v.tr., ("enchant) fal. 
 chase, n., (hunting) ugadsi, — gi, 
 
 dabnin, — ti. 
 chase, v.tr., (hunt) ngadso, dab, 
 
 dabo. 
 chastise, v.tr., (punish) hanuji, 
 
 tababar. 
 chat, chatter, chattering, n., dau- 
 
 dar, — ki. 
 chat, v.i., (babble) daudar. 
 chatterer, «., nin dandarah, 
 cheap, a., (at a low rate) jaban, 
 
 gana' jaban ; rice is — , baris- 
 
 ki jeb ; sell — , v.tr., gana' 
 
 jaban, or yar si, or ku ibi; 
 
 buy — , gana' jaban so si, or 
 
 ku ibi. 
 cheapen, v.tr., (lessen) gana' jebi. 
 cheat, n.. (deceit, fraud) hadig, — 
 
 gi, dxaun,— ki, helad, — di, hi- 
 
 yan, — ki, hayano, — adi. 
 cheat, v.tr., (defraud) da', dulun, 
 
 hayanai, hiyanai. 
 cheater, n., nitt dulunah, hafiig 
 
 badan, hiyanah, hayano leh. 
 cheek, n., 'an,— ki, daban,— ki ; 
 
 chubby ^, 'an bur, — ki. 
 cheer, n., (entertainment) diafad, 
 
CHE 
 
 181 
 
 CHIT 
 
 — di ; (cheerfulness, gaiety) 
 badad, — ki, rain, — ^ti. 
 
 cheer, v.tr., (make cheerful) kaga 
 badadi, kaga rairaisi, kaga 
 badbadadi ; (grow cheerful) 
 v.i., badad, rai, rairai. 
 
 cheerful, a., badadsau. 
 
 cheese, n., (dry curd) far, — ki. 
 
 chest, n., (a wooden box) saha- 
 rad, — di, sanduh, — hi; (breast) 
 lab, — ti. 
 
 chew, v.tr., (masticate) 'alali, 
 'alasho, rabso; — the cud, v.l, 
 (ruminate) 'alalnahso. 
 
 chewing, n., 'alal, — ki, alalis, — 
 ki, rabsi, — gi; — cud, alal- 
 nahsi,— gi. 
 
 chide, v.tr., (rebuke) dagal. 
 
 chief, n., (a commander) ahU or 
 ahal, — ^ki, garad, — ki, ngas, 
 — ki ; (chieftain, leader) ab- 
 ban dulai, — lihi ; — in a 
 government office, taliya, — 
 yihi, hakin, — ki ; vice — , 
 gudi,— di, — gi. 
 
 child, n., arur, — ti, dalan,— ki 
 {sinff. and plur.), da yar, — di, 
 — aid, ku yar, ki yara, ilmo, — 
 ihi; chubby — , ilma koba'ai; 
 sucking — , ilma nasaha jaha; 
 spoiled — . ilma dalimah. ; 
 corrupted — , Uma hun. 
 
 childhood, »., arurnimo, — adi, 
 da yar, yaran,— ti. 
 
 chill, chilly, a., dahamodai, niu 
 dahamodai ; be — , dahamow, 
 or dahamod. 
 
 cbin,.m., dan, — ki, lafta gadka. 
 
 chink, n., (crevice) dila', — hi. 
 
 chink, v.i; (to sound by striking 
 
 each other) danan ; the money 
 
 shines and chiuks, la'agtu wa 
 
 dalasha o dananta. 
 chip, n., (a small piece of wood) 
 
 hanfaf, — ki, . hanshar, — ki, 
 
 hushash, — ki. 
 chip and chop, v.tr., (cut into. 
 
 small pieces) gogo, jarjar. 
 chirp, n., (the voice of birds) 'ei 
 
 or 'i, — di. 
 chirp, v.i., 'i; the bird chirps, 
 
 shimbirtu wa 'ida. 
 chita, «., (hunting one) arim'ad, 
 
 — ki. 
 choice, «., dor, — ki, dorasho, — 
 
 adi ; T leave it to your choice, 
 
 wa adigi iyo dorashada ; it is 
 
 in my choice, aniga dorashada 
 
 leh, or aniga dorashada ban 
 
 lehahai. 
 choice, chosen, a., dorsan, nahwa. 
 choke, v.tr., (suffocate) 'abUd, 
 
 siriri; v.r., jogso; be choked, 
 
 'abiidan. 
 choking, «., siririn, — ti, siriris, 
 
 — ki. 
 cholera, n., da'un, — ki, hahleh, 
 
 —ihi. 
 choose, v.tr., dori, doro, ka doro, 
 
 ka nahai, ka nahaiso, ka hulo. 
 chowter, v.i., (grumble) giinns ; 
 
 that child does nothing but — , 
 
 wilkasi wah kaleh ku arki 
 
 maisid an gunus ahain. 
 Christ (the Saviour of the world), 
 
 n., Eristos. 
 christian, n., kristan, — ki. 
 church, n., kinisad, — di. 
 churl, n., (rustic man) jingeli or 
 
 jangali,— gi. 
 
OIC 
 
 182 
 
 CLE 
 
 cicatrice, n., (scar) nabar, — ki, 
 dahar, — ki. 
 
 cigar, n., sigarad, shirud or shu- 
 rud,— ki. 
 
 cinnamon, w., harfa or karfa, — 
 di. 
 
 circle, n., gobo, — adi, gobabin, 
 — ^ti ; make a — , gobai, go- 
 babi. 
 
 circular, a., gobaban, hersan. 
 
 circulate, v.i., ku wareg ; the 
 blood circulates, diggu wa 
 dalala, money should — , la- 
 'agtu or la'agi wa waregi 
 labaid. 
 
 circumcise, v.tr., gUd, balag^a ka 
 go, baranta ka go, buryada 
 ka go, halalai. 
 
 circumcision, n., gUdnin, — ^ti. 
 
 circumcised, a., gUdau. 
 
 circumstances, n., (state, condi- 
 tion) dan, — ti ; I am in better 
 — , dantaidi bore ka ron yan 
 wa ta. 
 
 cistern, n., (a reservoir) berked 
 or berkad, — di. 
 
 cite, v.tr., (summon) amarhadur 
 u sar. 
 
 citation, n., amarhadur, — ki. 
 
 city, n., magalo, — adi. 
 
 civil, a., (polite) amusan, waye- 
 lah. 
 
 claim, m., gar, — ti, hanan, — ki. 
 
 claim, v.tr., gar 11 shego, hanan 
 shego ; give the things he 
 claims, gar mari, gar si, 
 
 clamour, n., (bustle) but, — M, 
 bulhan, — ^ki, — ti(tor the past), 
 gurhan, — ki, sawahan, — ki, 
 dawah, — M, haUo, — adi. 
 
 clamour, v.tr., bub, dawah, haili. 
 clang, «., (a sharp noise) bikel or 
 
 bigil, — ki. 
 clap (your hands), v.tr., saabada 
 
 iss ku difo or dufo, dirbah. 
 clap, re., darbaho or dirbaho, — 
 
 adi, saab, — ki; (crack) ba', — 
 
 di. 
 clash, v.i., (strike one against 
 
 another) iss tun, iss jid. 
 clatter, clattering, «., sbido, — 
 
 adi. 
 clatter, v.i., (make noise) sMdai. 
 claw, n., 'iddi, — di. 
 clay, n., dohbo, — adi. 
 clay, v.tr., (cover with clay) dohb, 
 
 dohbai, dohbo ku dohb. 
 cleani a., 'adaisan, safaisan, sa- 
 
 fiab, maidan, miran, nadifsan. 
 clean, cleanse, v.tr., 'adai, safai, 
 
 hal, maid, ma'ido, tir, ka tir, 
 
 iss ka tir, nadifi, nadif ka dig ; 
 
 — up, hor. 
 cleanness, n., nadif, — ti, safi, — 
 
 clear, a., miran, safiah. ; a — day, 
 wa darar dalalaisa. 
 
 clear, v.tr., (make bright) 'adai, 
 mix ; — a business, difficulty, 
 hagaji, wanaji ; — the ac- 
 count, hisabta hagaji ; be — , 
 miran. 
 
 cleft, n., (a crevice) bohol, — sM, 
 dila', — ^hi, jeh, — hi. 
 
 clement, a., nahsan; be — , nah. 
 
 clemency, n., nahdin, — ^ti, naha- 
 ris, — ki. 
 
 clever, a., wah yahan, fi'an, fa- 
 ridah, farsamo badan, farid, 
 — ki, fi', — hi ; be — , fi'anaw. 
 
CLB 
 
 183 
 
 COIi 
 
 cleverness, n., farsamo, — adi, fi'- 
 
 nan, — ^ti. 
 client (of a man in power), n., 
 
 singal, — ^ki, dens, — ki. 
 cliff, n., (a steep rock) jar, — ^ki. 
 climb, v.tr. and v.i., (ascend) fal, 
 
 kor, dusha u bah, ka bah, 
 
 burta ka bah. 
 clinch, v.tr., (hold fast) hejL 
 clip, v.i., (to swallow words) hud- 
 
 hudi ; you swallow the words, 
 
 adigu hadalkaga wa hndhu- 
 
 disa. 
 clippspringer, n., ba'ir, — ^ki, — ti. 
 clock, n., sa'ad, — dL 
 clod, n., (a lump of earth) fad 
 
 'arraah, — ^ki, 'arradaaha. 
 close, n., (an enclosure) hero, — 
 
 adi, od, — di. 
 close, v.tr., (shut) abud, hid ; — 
 
 in, ku hid, 
 close, a., abudan, hidan. 
 close to, ad., u dow. 
 closet (water-), n., ahal har, — ^M, 
 
 kakus, — ^ki, madax, — ^ki. 
 cloth, clothes, n., dar, — ka ; here 
 
 I have meat, clothes and drink, 
 
 halkan ku haista 'lumadi iyo 
 
 darki iyo biyihi ba. 
 clothe, v.tr., huwi, wah u geli ; 
 
 v.r., huwo, gasho. 
 cloud, n., darur, — ^ti ; roving 
 
 clouds, 'adar, — ^ki. 
 cloudy, a., daniran, 'usub. 
 clout, «., harhad, — di. 
 clove, n., (spice) hurunful,— ki. 
 club, n., (a heavy stick) bud, — 
 
 ki. 
 clutch, v.tr., (hold in the hand) 
 
 ka difo. 
 
 coach, n., gadi, — gi ; — horse, 
 faras gadi jida, — ki, gadigi 
 jedi jirai ; — man, gadiwa- 
 leh, — hi. 
 
 coagulate, v.tr., fadisi. 
 
 coal, n., duhul, — shi ; live or 
 burning — ', duhul nol. 
 
 coarse, a., (rude) halafsau ; be — , 
 hala£ 
 
 coast, «., heb, — ^ti. 
 
 coat, n., garba galai, — ^ihi. 
 
 cobweb, n., bul'aro, — adi. 
 
 cock, n., dig,— gi, digag,— gi, 
 dora, — ihi (both genders). 
 
 cocoanut, n., naijin, — ti, nara- 
 jin, — ^ti, narjil, — shi. 
 
 cod, n., (husk) holof, — ti, jilif, — 
 ti. 
 
 coffee, n., (berry) bun, — ki ; — 
 husks, hashir or hashar, — ki, 
 hawa, — ihi; — pot, ibrihha 
 hahwaah ; Arabic — , jemelad, 
 — di; — shop, mahayad, — di; 
 — house keeper, mahawi, — 
 
 coffin, n., kafan, — ^ti. 
 
 cohabit, v.i., (ninka) la jog; wa- 
 da joga (plur.) ; we cohabit, 
 wannu wada jogna. 
 
 coiii'ure (of Somali women), n., 
 gambo, — adi, 
 
 coition, «., (copulation) galmo, — 
 adi, warmo. 
 
 cold, coldness, n., dahau, — ti, 
 habow, — gi ; severe — , gaba- 
 dano, — adi ; disease caused by 
 — , durai, — gi; — fit, had- 
 hadyo, — di ; take or catch a 
 — , dahamow, dahan had ; I 
 caught a — , durai ban ihadai, 
 
COL 
 
 184 
 
 COM 
 
 cold, a., habow, gabadano wein. 
 
 colic, 11., alol hamm, ur hanun, 
 — ki. 
 
 collect, v.tr., iss u gei, iss u ken, 
 uniri, ku so gur. 
 
 college, n., madrasad, — di. 
 
 collyrium, n., inda kul, — shi. 
 
 colour, ?i., ranji, — gi, midab,^ — 
 ki. 
 
 colt, «., (suckling) dal, — ki, dar- 
 man, — ki. 
 
 column, n., tir, — ki. 
 
 comb, n., (man's) fidin, — ki ; — 
 for the beard, gad fed, — ki ; 
 ■woman's — , sahaf, — ti. 
 
 comb, v.tr., fed, fedo, iss u fedo. 
 
 combat, v.tr. and v.i., dagalan, 
 werar. 
 
 combat, n., dagal, — ki, werar, — 
 ki. 
 
 combustible, n., habo, — adi. 
 
 come, v.i., imo, (commonly) kalai; 
 how comes that? war! wahas 
 maha sidas ka digai ? or war ! 
 wa side sasi ? — about, ku so 
 wareg ; — again, back, so 
 noho, so laban ; — after, radi, 
 rad gur ; — along, so ra' ; — 
 along the shore, hebta so ra' ; 
 
 — away, ka SO bah, ina ken ; 
 
 — by, so mar ; — down, so 
 deg, hosta kalai, so dada ; — 
 down from, ka so deg; — for, 
 u kalai ; — ■ forth, so bah ; — 
 forwprd, wad ; — from, ka 
 kalai ; — in, so gal ; — in for, 
 u so gal ; — into, ka da' ; — 
 into trouble, jar ka da' ; — 
 near, so dowow, SO durug ; — 
 next, ku hig ; that comes of 
 
 my doing, wahhasi wahai 
 wahha ku nohden wa wah 
 anigu an samaiyai, or kasu 
 wa shuhulkaigi ; how did you 
 — off % war ! side u so bah- 
 satai? do you think to — off 
 so % war ! ninyohow sida ku 
 bahsan maisid ha modin, or 
 ma u malainaisa inad sida ku 
 bahsatid? my hair comes off, 
 tiniihi iga so hodai ; the moon 
 comes out, dayihhi wa ka so 
 bahaya; — to, so so'o, so gad, 
 gad; — to me, i so gad or 
 bah. ; he came to a shameful 
 end, si bun bu dintai ; it came 
 to pass, wahai nohotai ; — to 
 and fro, SO noho, si noho ; — 
 together, issa so ra'a ; — 
 with, so ra' ; — life, — death, 
 I will go alnne, ama an dinto, 
 ama an nolado, keligai ban 
 so 'on ; — between, so dahai, 
 no dahai, so na deh gal; — 
 quick, ' so dahso, so orod ; — 
 up, so kor, dusha u kalai, 
 dusha u so bah ; let — , so da ; 
 when old age comes upon you, 
 you cannot do anything, mar- 
 kad da wein gadid, or markad 
 odaiowdid wahba ma kari 
 doutid. 
 
 coming, n., imatin, — ki. 
 
 comfort, n., (ease) haulyari, — di, 
 ladnan, — ^ti. 
 
 comfortable, a., ladan. 
 
 command, commandment, «., hu- 
 kun, — ki, hainun, — ki, haul, 
 — ki, wasiad, — di. 
 
 command, v.tr., (order) hukun, — 
 
COM 
 
 185 
 
 CON 
 
 ki; v.i., (have fhe supreme 
 authority) ka sarrai. 
 
 commend, v.tr., (piaiae) aman ; 
 everybody commends him, nin 
 waliba wa amana; (commit) 
 aman ; — your siiirit to God, 
 naftada Ilahhai ku aman or 
 amanaiso. 
 
 commerce, n., bo'shirad or bo'- 
 slmrad, — di. 
 
 commit, v.fr., (intrust) aman, 
 amanaiso, amano u dib ; I 
 committed that business to 
 you, shuhulkas adan hugu 
 amanaistai ; (do, perpetrate) 
 fal. 
 
 communicate, v.tr., la hadal, 
 ogaisi, u sheg, warsi, u war- 
 ran. 
 
 communication, n., war, — ^ki. 
 
 communion, n., (union in the 
 common worship or faith) iss 
 ku daran, — ki; (participating 
 in. the blessed sacrament) ta- 
 naul, — ki. 
 
 companion, n., sahib, — ^ki, wehel, 
 — ki. 
 
 company, n., dawo, — adi, wa- 
 ba'd, — di. 
 
 compare, v.tr., iss u eg. 
 
 compass, n., dirad, — di. 
 
 compassion, n., (pity) nabdin, — 
 ti. 
 
 compensation, n., domin, — ti. 
 
 compendium, n., gabnin, — ki. 
 
 complain, v.i., (lament) baroro, 
 hasuso, mnsanaw ; — in law, 
 asbtakai, ashtako, gar shego, 
 gar u shego, garan, la ga- 
 ran. 
 
 complaint, n., (a lament) baror, 
 — ^ti, hasus, — ti, musanaw, — 
 gi ; — in law, ashtako, — di, 
 gar,— ti. 
 
 complete, v.tr., damai, idlai. 
 
 complete, a., dan, dami, damaid, 
 idil, idli, leil, leili. 
 
 completely, ad., haib. 
 
 completion, n., damad, — ki, da- 
 man, — ti. 
 
 complexion, n., 'amal, — ki, mi- 
 dab, — ^ki. 
 
 compliance, «., oggolan, — ^ti. 
 
 comply, v.i., oggolaw. 
 
 comprehend, v.tr., (comprise) 
 garo, habso. 
 
 comprehensive, a., eraigas wa la 
 garan kara. 
 
 comprehension, «., garasho,— 
 adi. 
 
 compress, v.tr., (force into a 
 narrow compass) dis, ku dis, 
 tuji. 
 
 compunction, n., (repentance) 
 ala'al, — ^ki, taubad, — di. 
 
 conceal, v.tr., dnmi, hari ; v.r , 
 dumo. 
 
 concealment, n., dumasho, — adi, 
 haris, — ki. 
 
 conceive, v.tr. and v.i., (be preg- 
 nant) dal, yelo. 
 
 conception, «., habal, — ki (Ara- 
 bic). 
 
 concern, n., arrin, — ki, — ti, yel, 
 — ki. 
 
 concession, n., (grant) dibnin, — • 
 ti. 
 
 conciliate, v.tr., heshisi, 
 
 conclude, v.tr., (make an end) 
 damai, idlai. 
 
CON 
 
 186 
 
 CON 
 
 concord, «., (agreement) nabad, 
 
 — di, heshis, — ki. 
 concubine^ n., ad5ll, — ^ti, 
 concupiscence, n., shahwad, — di. 
 condemn, v.tr., (ninka) u tali ; 
 
 tbe judge condemned me, nin- 
 
 ki dauladed ba igu garaiyai ; 
 
 God will — you, Ebbahai wu 
 
 ku 'adabi. 
 condition, w., (state) dan, — ti. 
 conduce, v.L, ka rid, gei, kahai. 
 conduct, n., (management) talo, 
 
 — adi; (behaviour) abur, — ^ki, 
 
 aslub, — ti. 
 confess, v.tr., (avow) hiro, bado. 
 confession, n., Mr, — ti. 
 confide in, v.tr., aman, yesbo, 
 
 hadari. 
 confidence, n., yeshod, — ^ki. 
 confine, v.i., (limit); Somaliland 
 
 confines Abys-inia, dul Soma' 
 
 lied, dul AbasMed bu ku yal 
 
 or ku idlada ; v.tr., (shut up) 
 
 hid. 
 confinement, n., hidnan, — ti. 
 confirm, u.tr., (put past doubt) 
 
 dabai, rumai ; (strengthen) 
 
 adkai. 
 conflict, n., dirir, — ^ti. 
 conflict, v.tr., dirir. 
 confluence, «., (concourse) bub, — 
 
 hi, urur, — ki. 
 conform with, v.i., Oggolaw ; — 
 
 to the will of God, talada Eb- 
 
 bahai oggolaw. 
 congeal, v.tr., fadisi ; v.i., the 
 
 milk congeals, 'aniM fadistai. 
 congratulate, v.tr., I came to — 
 
 you, inan adiga kaga bada- 
 
 diyo yau u imi. 
 
 congrefrate, v.tr., ururi, so ururi, 
 iss ugu ken, iss ugu gain. 
 
 congregation, re., jama', — M. 
 
 conjuration, n., fal, — ^ki. 
 
 conjure, v.tr., dalbo, ka don, ka 
 dono ; — up, fal ; (exorcise) 
 ka sar, eri. 
 
 conjurer, n., nin wah fala. 
 
 conquer, v.tr., ka had, ka hel. 
 
 consecrate, v.tr., hodus ka samai 
 or ka dig. 
 
 consent, n., oggolan, — ^ti. 
 
 consent to, v.i., Oggolaw, 'ajibi. 
 
 consequence, n., dog, — ti. 
 
 consequently, ad., haddaba, 
 
 consider, v.tr., (examine) hubso, 
 tasho, aloshada la tasho. 
 
 consideration, n., hubsad, — ki, 
 tashi, — gi. 
 
 consist, v.i., (subsist) ; God is be- 
 fore all things, and by him all 
 things — , Ilah ba walba ugu 
 horaiya, o wah waliba isaga 
 ku noUyihin ; our life consists 
 in the union betwixt the body 
 and the soul, nolantenu wa 
 jidkena iyo naftena iss ku 
 yal ; the land consists of 
 plains, valleys and mountains, 
 berrigu wa banan iyo faro iyo 
 buro. 
 
 consolidate, v.tr., adkai, tag, ad 
 u tag. 
 
 constancy, n., adkan, — ti, samir, 
 — ki. 
 
 constellation, n., urur hidigaah. 
 
 constipation, n., 'alol ingeg^an, 
 — ti. 
 
 constipated, a., 'alol ingegan, 
 nin 'alol ingegan leh. 
 
CON 
 
 187 
 
 COR 
 
 eonstruct, v.tr., dis, samai. 
 construction, n., ilisnin, — ki, — 
 
 ti, ahal samais, — ki. 
 consult, v.tr. and v.i., la fah, 
 
 weidi, weidiso ; — your 
 
 strength, italkaga la tasho. 
 consultation, n., fah, — hi. 
 consume, v.tr., babihi, lumi ; 
 
 time consumes everything, gor 
 
 ba wah walba babihisa. 
 consumption, n., (disease) haho, 
 
 — adi, lahaw, — gi. 
 contemn, v.tr., fududai. 
 contempt, %., fndaid, — ^ki. 
 contemptible, a.,fudud, gun; — 
 
 person, gumais,^ — ti. 
 content, contentment, n., badad, 
 
 — ki, raho, — adi. 
 contest, v.tr. and v.i., (dispute) ha 
 
 la heshin, ha heshinina {plur.) ; 
 
 we will — , iimagu heshiii 
 
 donno. 
 continue, v.tr. and v.i., hor u so'o, 
 
 wad. 
 contract, v.tr., (shorten) gabi, 
 
 yarai, yaraisi ; get or — a 
 
 disease, 'udur ba kugu di'i; 
 
 — a bad habit, aslub hun ba 
 
 kugu di'i. 
 contradict, v.i., (not to keep your 
 
 word) hadalkaga beinai ; (op- 
 pose verbally) asarar. 
 contradiction, n., asarar, — ki. 
 contradictor, n., (niu) asarar ba- 
 
 dau, asarar weiu, asarar mi- 
 
 danah. 
 contrary, «., (reverse) edis, — 
 
 ti. 
 contrite (be), v.pr., homamai. 
 contrition, n., homamais, — ^ki. 
 
 contrivance, w,, (device) higmad 
 
 or hikmad, — di. 
 contumacy, it., (a wilful disobe- 
 dience to any summons) didnin, 
 
 — ti. 
 canvalescence, n., ladnan, — ti. 
 conversation, n., hasawai, — ihi. 
 converse, v.i., hasaw. 
 convey, v.tr., (carry) SO had, SO 
 
 sid. 
 convict, v.tr., (prove guilty) ku 
 
 garai ; be convicted, ka gar 
 
 hel, garow. 
 convoke, convocate, v.tr. , so urori ; 
 
 — to that place, meshas iss ugu 
 
 gei, rag o dan n yed. 
 convulsion, n., (spasm in children) 
 
 abodi, — gi. 
 cook, n., deriya karis, sor karis, 
 
 — ki. 
 cook, v.tr., bislai. 
 cooked, a , bisil ; not — , ma 
 
 bisla, 'edin, 'edinah. 
 cool, a., habow. 
 cool, v.tr., (make cool) habowji; 
 
 v.i., (grow cool) habow; v.r., 
 
 habojiso. 
 copper, n., nahas, — ^ti. 
 copulation, n., (coupling) galmo, 
 
 — adi, warmo, — adi ; — of 
 
 camels, abaho, — adi ; — ■ of 
 
 neat cattle, ofiio, — ihi. 
 copulate, v.tr., (couple) u kahai 
 
 ha ofiyaie ; v.i., saro, 
 copy, n.., (a transcript) hadilad, 
 
 — di. 
 copy, v.tr., hadil. 
 coral, n., (white) sha'ab or sha'b, 
 
 — ki. 
 cord, re., hadig, — ^gi. 
 
OOR 
 
 188 
 
 CEE 
 
 cork, n., for. 
 
 cork, v.tr., (stop with, a cork) 
 
 abud. 
 corn, n., (wheat) Sareiii — ki, mes- 
 
 sego, — adi. 
 cornea, n., indaha 'aloshada'ad, 
 
 haid, — di ; — of the eye, isha 
 
 haideda. 
 corporal, n., (of police) 'awaldar, 
 
 — ^ki, kabtil, — ki. 
 corpse, n., bahti, — gi, miyidj — ^ki, 
 
 rah, — di. 
 correct, v.tr., tababar. 
 corrupt, v.tr., (spoil) hudmi, ka 
 
 bii, dilj u humai ; (become 
 
 rotten) v.i., hudun. 
 corrupted, a., hudimsaii) hud- 
 
 mai. 
 corruption, n., huduiij — ki. 
 cost, n., (price of a thing) gana', 
 
 — di. 
 cotton, n., udbi, — gi. 
 cough, n., hufa', — fi'hij durai. 
 cough, v.i., hufa'. 
 council, n., shir, — ki ; go to the 
 
 — , shirka tag. 
 counsel, n., talo, — adi) wano, — 
 
 adi. 
 count, v.tr., hisabij hisabo, tiri, 
 
 tirso. 
 countenance, n., jah, — hi. 
 country, n., miyi, — gi, magalo, 
 
 — adi, bilad, — ki, ardal, — 
 
 ki. 
 courage, «., gesinimOj — adi, bUi, 
 
 courageous (man), a., gesi, — gfi, 
 gesiah, kelliya badan, kelliya 
 leh, bilUeh, 
 
 course of lile, n., 'emri, — gi. 
 
 court-house, n., hakamad or ma" 
 
 hakamad, — di. 
 cousin, n., (paternal) ina ader, 
 
 -'— ki ; (maternal) ina abti. 
 covenant, n., (contract) ahdi,— gi. 
 cover, v.tr., (overspread) huwi ; 
 
 i).r., huwo, dabol ; — with the 
 
 sheet, ded ; — the head to 
 
 warm him, hiiri ; — the face 
 
 to hide him, u hagog, u hagoji; 
 
 ■y.?-., u hagogo ; — with the 
 
 shield, gabo. 
 cover, n., (anything used to cover) 
 
 dabol, — ki; • — of a boiler, 
 
 dabol deri, sabj — ^ki. 
 covered, a., dabolan. 
 covet, v.i., dama'. 
 covetous, a., dama'san. 
 covetousness, n., dama', — ^hi, 
 cow. n., sa', — hi ; herd ot cows, 
 
 loS — di; a miloh — , irman, 
 
 — ki; gaban, — ki, sa' gaba- 
 
 nah ; — no longer milked, 
 
 han, — ki. 
 cow, v.tr., (dispirit) baji. 
 coward, w., fulai or fula, — ihi, 
 
 had, — ki. 
 cowardice, n., bajis, — ki, fula- 
 
 nimo, — adi. 
 crab, n., (crustaceous fish) 'ar- 
 
 sanyo, — adi. 
 crack, n., ba', — di. 
 crack, v.i., (burst, split) burur, 
 
 dila', harah. 
 cramp, n., (spa^m or contraction 
 
 of the nerves) kabuliyo, — 
 
 adi. 
 crawl, v.i., (creep) berka ku so'o, 
 
 bogga ku so'o. 
 cream, 7i,, laben, — ti. 
 
CEE 
 
 189 
 
 CRT 
 
 create, «ir.,abiir, un; be created, 
 aburan, umanow. 
 
 created, a., aburan, uman. 
 
 creation, n., abumin, — ti. 
 
 creature, n., un, — ki. 
 
 credit, re., (belief; amin, — ki ; 
 (reputation) mamus or namus, 
 — ^ti ; taking on — , dein, — ki. 
 
 creditor, n., nuika gasbiga kugu 
 leh, 
 
 creed, n., (faith) amin, — ki, ami- 
 nad, — di ; (rulw of faith) hai- 
 nunka aminadda; the Apos- 
 tles' Creed, ^ainunka rassnl- 
 yada. 
 
 crepnscle, n., fid, — ki. mahrib, 
 — ki, gabbal da', — di'hi, 
 
 crescent, re., bil, — sM. 
 
 crib, re., (manger) habal, — ki. 
 
 crier (public), re., haraBh, — ki. 
 
 crime, n., hujad,— di, hujad bun, 
 dembi, — gi, 
 
 criminal, a., hujadleb, bujad ba 
 babsatai. 
 
 crimson, n., gudud, gududan. 
 
 cripple, re., (per.=on) orjujun, — ki, 
 lahad la, — ki — a, lug laan ; 
 coiit,'enital — , alan, — ki, ala- 
 nad, — di ; — by accident or 
 sickne.ss, 'uriyan, — ki, 'uriiya- 
 nad, — di. 
 
 crocodile, n., jabas, — ti. 
 
 crook, re., (any crooked instru- 
 uient) hangol, — ki. 
 
 crooked, a., hallohan; a man 
 with — legs, nin luga hallo- 
 ban, or nin dalba leh, I have 
 seen the woman with - — Ipgs, 
 nagti dalbaha lahaid ban 
 arkai. 
 
 crookedness, «., haUoh, halhalloh, 
 
 — hi ; — of the legs, dalbo, 
 
 — ^ibi. 
 crop, n., (craw of fowls) 'alal, 
 
 — ki. 
 cross, re., salib, — ki, iss ku talab, 
 
 — ti ; make a — , iss ku talab 
 
 samai. 
 cro.ss, a., (peevish) iss ku talabsan, 
 
 hun, wah yela badan. 
 cross, v.tr., (lay, or go across) ki 
 
 talab, deh mar, weidaro; v.c, 
 
 weidari ; why do you — me 
 
 thus % mahad sidas iga hanuu- 
 
 jinaisa ? 
 croup, re., (buttocks of a horse) 
 
 fan, — ki. 
 crouch, v.i., (stoop low) dukus. 
 crow, n., (bird) tukai or tuka,^ 
 
 ibi. 
 crowd, «., (multitude) bub, — hi, 
 
 urur, — ki. 
 crown, re., (of hair, left on girls) 
 
 herar, — ki. 
 crucify, v.tr., salibka ku mus- 
 
 mar. 
 crude, a., (raw) 'edinah, 'edin. 
 cruel, a., 'adow,— gi, bahal, — ki, 
 
 baan. 
 cruelty, re., 'adownimo, — adi. 
 crupper, re., (for a camel's saddle) 
 
 daba gelis, — ki. 
 cru.sh, v.tr., (squeeze) burburi, 
 crutch, re., (for a cripple) tuku- 
 
 bai, — bihi. 
 cry, re., (clamour) dawah, — hi, 
 
 hailo,— adi, 'i,— di, orr,— ki; 
 
 (lamentation) baror, — ^ti, mu- 
 
 sanow,— gi, oin, — ki. 
 cry, cry out, cry aloud, v.i., haili, 
 
CUB 
 
 190 
 
 CUT 
 
 'i, dawah, orri, yed; (weep) 
 baroro, musanow, oi ; v.c, 
 kag^a barori, kaga oi ; — 
 the auction of the CHmels, 
 ibka gela la ibinayo ku da- 
 wah. 
 
 cubit, n., (measure) dudon, — ki. 
 
 cuckoo, n., (a bird) guguleb, — 
 lihi, gumais, — ti. 
 
 cucumber, n., biyar, — ki, 
 
 cud, n., (of ruminants) 'alal- 
 nahsi, — gi, alya 'elis, — ^ki. 
 
 cudgel, n., (a heavy stick) harai 
 or hara, — IM. 
 
 cultivate, v.tr., beir. 
 
 cultivation, n., beir, — ti. 
 
 cunning, a., hiyanah, hiyana leh, 
 nejis, — ki. 
 
 cunningness, «., Myau, — ki, lie- 
 jisnimo, — adi. 
 
 cup, «., (a small drinking vessel) 
 fujan or flnjan, — ki. 
 
 cup, v.tr., (to bleed by scarifica- 
 tion and a cupping-glass) tob, 
 cupping, tobnin, — ti. 
 cupping-glass, or the horn 
 (cornet) used in the place of it, 
 tobin, — ki. 
 
 cupper, nin wah toba, nag 
 wah tobta ; the cupper, ninki 
 wah tobijirai, nagti wah tobi 
 jirtai. 
 
 cupboard, n., kabad, — ki. 
 
 curbj n., (part of a bridle) dUT- 
 madj^di, hilhad, — di. 
 
 curd, n., (coagulated part of milk) 
 gadod, — ki. 
 
 curdle, v.tr. and v.i., fadisi, ga- 
 dodi. 
 
 cure, w,, (restoration to health) 
 
 boksis, — ki, boksin, — ti, bos- 
 ki,— gi. 
 
 cure, v.tr., (restore to health) 
 
 boksi ; be cured, bokso ; he is 
 
 cured, boksadai. 
 curiosity, n., fudul, — shi, gnlad, 
 
 — di. 
 curifMis, a., gulawa, — ihi, fudul 
 
 badan, faduliah, faduli, — gi. 
 curl, «., (a ringlet of hair) suna- 
 
 rad, — di, 
 curl, v.tr., (form into ringlets) 
 
 maroji, marori, soh. 
 curled, a., marorsan, sohan. 
 curry, v.tr., (dress leather) yel 
 
 nah ; (a kind of sauce used in 
 
 India) Bantmad, — di (see 
 
 kahri in Suppt.). 
 curse, n., habar, — ki, inkar, — ti, 
 
 na'lad, — di or na'dal, — shi. 
 curse, v.tr., habar, inkar, na'dal; 
 
 v.i., Ilah 'ai, Ilah inkar. 
 cursed, a., habaran, habar haba, 
 
 inkaran, inkar haba, na'lad 
 
 haba. 
 custom, n., (habit) dastur,— ti ; 
 
 (tax) 'ashur, — ti. 
 cut, «., (a gash) sarmo, — adi, 
 
 sarsar, — ki. 
 cut, v.tr., go, jar ; — into two 
 
 parts, kala go or goi ; — into 
 
 many parts, gogo, kala gogo ; 
 
 — into small pieces (chop), 
 kidif; — the skin, sar, sarsar; 
 
 — meat, hal; v.r., iss go ; — 
 for yourself, goso, gogoso ; be 
 — , go. 
 
DAB 
 
 191 
 
 DBA 
 
 dabble, v.i., (in water) galgalo. 
 dagger, n., (short sword) bilawa 
 
 or bilawai, — ihi. 
 daily, ad., gor or kol walba; 
 
 every day, 'asho or malin 
 
 walba. 
 dale, n., (a valley) far, — ti. 
 dam, n., (a mole, a bank) deir, — 
 
 ki, her, — ki. 
 damnge, n., da'an, — ki, hasaro, 
 
 — adi. 
 damn, v.tr., (condemn to eternal 
 
 torments in the future world) 
 
 'adab ; a damned man, nin la 
 
 'adabai. 
 damp, a., (wet) hoiyan. 
 damp, v.tr., (moisten) hoi or ho. 
 dance, n., 'ayar, — ti ; a kind of 
 
 — , sa'ab, — ki. 
 dance, v.i., (move with measured 
 
 steps) 'ayar; v.c, 'ayarsi. 
 danger, n., 'absi, — di, shil, — ki. 
 dangerous, a., 'absileh ; not — , 
 
 'absila, shilla. 
 dare, v.i., (be not afraid of) ha 
 
 bihin, sababo ; do not — , ka 
 
 hisho, bah. 
 dark, darkness, n., gudhur, — ki. 
 dark, a., gudhur, gudhiirah, ma- 
 
 dowba. 
 dart, n., (javelin) waran, — ki. 
 date, n., (time of an event) ayan, 
 
 — ti ; (the fruit of the — tree) 
 
 timir, — ti ; nice and clean — , 
 
 bami,— di, hallawi,— gi, sa'- 
 
 maran, — ^ti ; wild dates, mai- 
 
 do, — adi. 
 
 daughter, n., inan, — ti ; the — 
 of Ali, ina Ali. 
 
 dawn, n., (tlie break of day) aror- 
 yo, — adi, gabbal so bah, — ki 
 so beh. 
 
 day, ?i.,' 'asho, — adi, ayan, — ti, 
 darar, — ti, malin, — ti, 'ana 
 mal, — ki, manta ; — and 
 night, haben iyo darar ; make 
 that in the — , dararti wahha 
 fal ; a holiday, ayan, — ^ti ; 
 Sunday is not a work — , 
 ahaddi ayan hauled ma aha ; 
 — by — , malin walba ; the 
 next — , the following — , 
 malinta dambe, malintan so 
 so'ota ; the third — , or the — 
 after to-morrow, sa dambe ; 
 every other — , malin daf ; to- 
 day, this — , manta, dararta, 
 malinta ; all the — long, 
 manto leili ; the — before 
 yesterday, dorrad ; this many 
 a — , beri hore waha jiraij 
 this — week, malintan toto- 
 badkeda ; the — after the — 
 after to-morrow, sakub or sa- 
 kun. 
 
 day-break, «., aroryo, — adi; — 
 light, gabbal, — ki. 
 
 dead, a., nin goai, nag godai; 
 he is — , go ; the — men, 
 dadki dintai. 
 
 deaf, a., degala. 
 
 deafness, n., degalaan, — ^ti. 
 
 dear, a., (costly) adag, gana' 
 adag. 
 
 death, n., dimad, — ki, dimasho, 
 — adi, geri, — di, mot, — ^ki ; 
 (for beasts) bahti, — gi. 
 
DEB 
 
 192 
 
 DEL 
 
 debauch, v.tr., (corrapt) hiimai, 
 
 hatal, luini. 
 debauchee, n., nin ain\)abai or 
 
 lumai 01 Itmsan oi iss lumi- 
 
 yai. 
 debaucher, n., liuniyai, — yihi. 
 debt, n., gasM, — gi, han, — ti. 
 debtor, «., nin gasMyaisan or 
 
 hamaisan. 
 decalogue, n., tobanka wasiadod. 
 decapitation, n. (see beheading), 
 decay, v.i., (decline); his strength 
 
 decays, italkisa wahba ka 
 
 da'a. 
 deceit, n., (fraud) Myan, — ki, M- 
 
 yano, — adi, hayan, — ki, hal- 
 
 hal, — ^ki, hawayad, — ki. 
 deceitful, a., hiyanah, hiyanaleh. 
 deceive, v.tr., hiyanai, hayanai, 
 
 hawiiisi, halhal, hatal, dufi, 
 
 dufso. 
 deceived, a., (man) nin la haya- 
 
 naiyai, halhalan ; be — , v.i., 
 
 hawai, hatalan. 
 deceiver, n., (misleader) mahawi, 
 
 — gi- 
 
 decide, v.tr,, (determine) da'wad- 
 
 da no mari ; — our dispute, 
 
 honsigayaga ku tali. 
 decision, n., talo, — adi. 
 deck (of a ship), n., salah, — M. 
 declivity, n., (slope) aror, — ki, 
 
 babah, — hi, gol, — shi, sibi- 
 
 bah, — di. 
 decollate, v.tr. (see behead), 
 decrease, v.tr., din, hosaisi, ya- 
 
 rai ; (grow less) diman. 
 decree, n., (edict) hukun, — ki; 
 
 what God has decreed, we 
 
 must submit to, wahha Ebba- 
 
 hai ina yidahdo inainu yella 
 
 bainu lehnahai. 
 deed, w., (action) falnin, — ki, or 
 
 — ti. 
 deep, a., der, husur. 
 deepen, v.tr., si derai, 
 defamation, n., 'eib, — ti, kashif, 
 
 — ki. 
 defame, v.tr., 'eibai, kashif, ma- 
 
 mus jebi, 
 defeat, v.tr., eri. 
 defence, n., behnin, — ti. 
 defend, v.lr., (protect) ka 'eli, ka- 
 
 raw; v.r., iss karaw, iss ka 
 
 guluf. 
 defendant, n., (in law) mudali, 
 
 — gi- 
 
 defer, ?;.tr., (refer to) gabi, raji ; 
 
 v.i., gab, rag, 
 defile, v.tr., (make foul) dohbai, 
 
 uskagai, wasahai. 
 defiled, a., uskagaisan, wasahai- 
 
 san, hallawsan. 
 defraud, v.tr. (nee cheat), 
 defy, v.tr., (challenge) dandanso ; 
 
 you must never — a fool, nin 
 
 wallan ha dandansan. 
 deject, v.tr., (cast down) ka hul- 
 
 bi, hulubsi; be dejected, wa- 
 
 han, hulub, hulubsanaw. 
 dejected, a., hulubsan, nin wa- 
 
 hamai or rnhmai. 
 dejection, n., (melancholy) hulub, 
 
 — ki, wahan, — ki. 
 delation, n., dignin, — ti. 
 delay, n., (deferring) ragnin, — ti. 
 delay, v.i., rag, gab ; v.tr., raji, 
 
 gabi. 
 delectation, n., farhad,^ — di, raho, 
 
 — adi. 
 
DEL 
 
 193 
 
 DES 
 
 delegate, v.tr., (send) dir. 
 delight, n., farah, — M, farhad, 
 
 — di, raho, — adi. 
 delight, v.ir., (please) ka farhi, 
 
 rahaisi, rairaisi ; vA., (take — 
 
 in) farhi, raho, rahaiso, rai- 
 
 rai, badad. 
 delightful, a., farahsan. 
 deliver, v.tr., (give) bihi ; (set 
 
 free) iss ka si da ; — up, ma- 
 
 galada iss ka bihi. 
 delivery, deliverance, n., (of goods) 
 
 dibnin,— ti ; (birth of a child) 
 
 umusho, — adi. 
 delude, v.tr., dufi, dufso, halhal, 
 
 hatal. 
 deluge, «., dad, — ki, biyihi 'ar- 
 
 rada rogai. 
 demand, v.tr., (ask) sual, weidi, 
 
 weidiso ; (claim) hanan, shego. 
 demand, n., (question) sual, — ki, 
 
 weidis, — ki ; (claim) ^anan, — 
 
 ki. 
 demon, n., (a spirit) jiai or jinni, 
 
 — gi; (the devil) shaidan, — 
 
 ki. 
 demoniac, n., nin derderan. 
 demonstrate, v.tr., rumai, tus. 
 den, n., (cavern) boran, — ti, god, 
 
 — ki. 
 denial, «., (negation, refusal) da- 
 
 firad, — di, didnin, — ti ; self- 
 
 — , iss ne'ban, — ti. 
 denigrate, v.tr., hano, 'eibai. 
 denominate, vtr.. maga' u bihi. 
 denounce, v.tr., dein ka tur. 
 denouncer, delator, denunciator, 
 
 n., dein ka tur, — ki. 
 denudate, v.tr., hawi. 
 denunciation, n., dignin,— ti. 
 
 deny, v.tr., dafir, did, ha la he- 
 shin, ha yelin ; he denied his 
 God, Ilahhisu dafirai. 
 
 depart, v.i., tag, ka tag, gur ; 
 v?hen he departed, gortu gu- 
 rai or tagai, 
 
 depart, departure, departing, n., 
 gumin,— ki, tegnin,— ki. 
 
 deposit, n., amano, — adi. 
 
 deposit, v.tr., aman, amano u 
 dib, amano ku reb. 
 
 deposition, »,, (in law) marhati, 
 
 — gi- 
 
 deprive, v.tr., (take off) ka had, 
 
 farhad iss u did ; be deprived, 
 
 'ala'al, da'anaw ha laga hado, 
 
 bel. " 
 
 depth, n., derer,— ki, deran,— 
 
 ti. 
 descend, v.i., deg, so deg, ka so 
 
 deg. 
 descent, w., (coming dov?n) deg- 
 
 nin, — ti; (process of lineage) 
 
 holo, — adi. 
 desert, n., 'idla, — di, 'idla'irsUa, 
 
 — di, miyi,— gi; a., <idla, 'id- 
 
 laah. 
 design, n., (a purpose) dama',— 
 
 hi. 
 design, v.tr., (purpose) dama'. 
 desire, «., donin, — ti, weidis, — 
 
 ki. 
 desire, v.tr., don, rab. 
 desist, v.i., da, iss ka da. 
 despair, n., (loss of hope) husad, 
 
 — ki ; v.i., huso, iss ka huso. 
 desperate, ??., nin iss ka hustai. 
 despatch, v.tr., (send) dir, dahso 
 
 u dir. 
 despise, v.tr., fududai. 
 
 
 
DES 
 
 194 
 
 DIB 
 
 despoil, v.tr., ka had, ka had, 
 rog. 
 
 despoliation, n., rognin, — ti. 
 
 despond, n. (see despair). 
 
 destiny, n., (fate) ayan, — ki, 
 wed, — ki. 
 
 destitute, a., nin la na'ai. 
 
 destroy, v.tr., babihi, bii. 
 
 destruction, n., babiis,- — ki. 
 
 detach, v.tr., kala kahai. 
 
 detain, v.tr., (stop, keep) joji ; — 
 him prisoner, ninka habsiga 
 ku raji ; (hinder) u dib. 
 
 deter, v.tr., 'absi, baji. 
 
 determine, v.tr., (decide) (wah- 
 has) ku tali; (influence the 
 choice) ugu tali ; v.i., dama'. 
 
 determinate, a., nin dama'san, — 
 ki, dama'sana. 
 
 determination, n., talo, — adi. 
 
 detest, v.tr., (hate) na'. 
 
 detestation, «., ne'ban, — ti. 
 
 detraction, n., han, — ti. 
 
 devastate, v.tr., rog. 
 
 devastation, «., rognin, — ti. 
 
 develop, v.tr., fiir. 
 
 deviate, v.i. ; reason often de- 
 viates, miyirku hajeila dauga 
 wanaksan bu ka dua. 
 
 device (see contrivance). 
 
 devil, «., (evil spirit) shaidan, — 
 ki, 'ifrid, — ki. 
 
 devotion, n., 'ibadad, — di. 
 
 devout, a., 'ibadad ja'el, 'ibadad 
 badan. 
 
 dew, «., darab, — ki, sayah, — hi. 
 
 dewy, a., darabsan, sayahsan. 
 
 dewlap, n., (flesh hanging down 
 from the throat of oxen) 'al, — 
 shi or 'ad, — di, ma'al,— shi. 
 
 dialect, n., af, — ki. 
 dialogue, n., hadal, — ki. 
 diamond, n., almas, — ki, deman, 
 
 — ki. 
 diarrhoea, n., dabahau, — di ; thi.ci 
 
 man has — , ninkasi dabaddu 
 
 ka bahaya. 
 dice, «., lafo, — ihi, 
 die, v.i., (lose life) dimo, go, 
 
 bahti. 
 difference, w., (disparity) kala 
 
 mid, — di; (dispute), what is the 
 
 — 1 maha idin dehaiga ? 
 different, a., kala mid. 
 dig, dig up, v.tr., hod. 
 digging, n., hoduin, — ki. 
 dik-dik, n., (sand antelope) sa- 
 
 karo or sagaro, — adi. 
 dike, n., (mound) deir, — ki, her, 
 
 — ki. 
 dilacerate, v.tr., dila'i. 
 dilapidate, v.tr., lumi. 
 diligent, a., hauled. 
 diminish, v.tr., din, gabi, yarai, 
 
 yaraisi, yaraiso. 
 dine, v.tr., dararo, hadai. 
 dinner, n., dararad, — ki, hadimo, 
 
 — adi, 'unno, — adi. 
 dip, v.tr., (immerge) husi, dar, 
 
 so dar ; (wet) hoi. 
 direct, a., (straight) human, to- 
 
 san. 
 direct, v.tr., tos u wad, tos u 
 
 kahai; — that letter to the 
 
 governor, warhadda serkalka 
 
 u gei or ku tosi. 
 direction, n., (line of motion) 
 
 ges,— ti, dan,— ki. 
 dirge, «., (funeral song) dikri, — 
 
 di. 
 
DIR 
 
 195 
 
 DIS 
 
 dirt, n., uskag, — gi, wasah, — M, 
 nijas, — ti, saboh, — di, doro, 
 — adi ; — of the teeth, huro, 
 — adi. 
 
 dirt, dirty, v.tr., (foul) uskagai, 
 wasahai, sabai. 
 
 dirty, a., uskagleh, uskagaisan, 
 wasahaisan, nijasah, doro 
 wein, saboh badan. 
 
 disagree, v.i., did. 
 
 disappear, v.i., libid. 
 
 disappoint, v.tr., luggo. 
 
 disappointed, a., txa. lugoai; be 
 
 — ' liigo- 
 
 disappointmeiit,n. ,ltiggoyo, — adi. 
 
 disarm, v.tr., ftiro, ninka furo, 
 
 hubka ka had. 
 discern, v.i. ; — between truth 
 
 and falsehood, run iyo bein 
 
 kala so'o. 
 discharge, v.tr., (unload) fur, ka 
 
 so gur, ka so rog ; v.r., ka 
 
 bah ; (dismiss) eri. _ 
 disciple, n., radis, — ^ki. 
 discipline, n., hainun, — ki. 
 discontent, a., weirweirsan ; be 
 
 discontented, weirweir ; v.tr., 
 
 weirweiri. 
 discontent, discontentment, «., 
 
 weirweir, — ki. 
 discontinue, v.tr., da, reb._ 
 discord, n., honsimad,— ki. 
 discourage, v.tr., (dispirit) hulub- 
 
 si, ka hulbi; be discouraged, 
 
 ruhan. 
 discoiiragement, n., huluB, — ki, 
 
 wahan, — ki. 
 discourse, n., hadal,— ki, hasa- 
 
 wai,— ihi ; religious — , ma- 
 
 salo, — adi. 
 
 discover, v.tr., (disclose) fiir, ka 
 had, dabolka ka had; (make 
 known) ogaisi; (tind out) hel. 
 
 discovery, n.. muh, — hi. 
 
 discreet, a., fi'an, fojig. 
 
 discretion, n., fi'nan, — ti, foji- 
 gan, — ti ; age of — , garad, — 
 ki. 
 
 discussion, n., (debate) masalo, — 
 adi ; an aggressive — , honsi, 
 
 — gi- 
 
 disease, n., bukan, — ki, 'udur,-— 
 
 ki ; contagious — , saboh, — di 
 — of cows, sambab, — ki ; — 
 of sheep, mindi 'iris dab ; — 
 of lambs, hahlei ; — of kids, 
 jahleh; — of sheep and goats, 
 dogor rugmad, — ki. 
 
 disembowel, v.tr., doh. 
 
 disembark, v.i., deg, so dada' ; 
 v.tr., deji, ka so deji, rog, ka 
 so rog, ka so dadi'i, ka so 
 gur. 
 
 disgrace, discredit, dishonour, n., 
 hishod, — ki; v.tr., 'eibai, Ml. 
 
 disguise, v.tr., midab dori or 
 rog ; v.r., iss dori. 
 
 disgust, n., yihyihsi,— gi, balaf, 
 — ki ; v.tr., kaga yihyihsi. 
 
 disgusted, a., yihyihsodai ; be 
 — , yihyihso, na'. 
 
 disgusting, a., yihyihsan. 
 
 dish, n., (a vessel) wel, — ki, 
 se'ni, — gi; — of wood, hedo, 
 — adi ; large — , hedo balla- 
 dan ; small — , hobad, — di. 
 
 dishonest, a., hayanoleh, hi- 
 shodla. 
 
 disherit, disinherit, v.tr., dairi. 
 
 disjoin, v.tr., faji, kala ftiji. 
 o 2 
 
DIS 
 
 196 
 
 DOU 
 
 dislike, n., ma ja'alan, — ti; — 
 
 of food, balaf, — ki; v.tr., ha 
 
 ja'alan, balfi. 
 dismay, n., (flight) bahdin, — ti, 
 
 nahadin, — ti; v.tr., baji, kaga 
 
 uihi. 
 dismiss, v.tr., eri. 
 dismount, v.i., (alight) deg. 
 disohedience, /(., dega adkan, — 
 
 ti, asi, — gi. 
 disobedient, a., dega adag, 
 
 'asiaL 
 disobey, v.tr., 'asi, did, ha mah- 
 
 lin, ha yelin. 
 disperse, v.tr., firdi. 
 display, v.tr., (exhibit to sight or 
 
 mind) tus, ogaisi, muji. 
 disprove, v.tr., (confute) beinta 
 
 ku rumai, beini. 
 dispute, n. {see discussion), 
 disrespectful, a., amus darran. 
 disseminate, v.tr., firdi, iss ka 
 
 said. 
 dissension, disunion, «., honsi- 
 
 mad, — di. 
 dissdJve, v.tr., (melt) dahaji, da- 
 
 lali; v.i., dalal. 
 dissuade, v.tr., ka du. 
 distance, n., fogan, — ti ; a short 
 
 — , odrogad, — ki. 
 distant, a., fog, shishai ; a — 
 
 place, mel fog. 
 distinct, a., so'an, kala so'an, 
 
 kala mid. 
 distinction, n., sa'din, — ti. 
 distinguish, v.tr., kala garo, kala 
 
 so'o. 
 distract, v.tr., jedi. 
 distress, n., (calamity) ayan 
 
 humo, — adi. 
 
 distribute, v.tr., haibi, u haibi, 
 
 sisi. 
 distribution, n., haib, — ti. 
 district, n., (a quarter) hafad, — 
 
 di. 
 disturb, v.tr., dali. 
 ditch, n., (a trench) hatah, — di, 
 
 boran, — ti, 
 dive, v.i., hus, muhur. 
 divert, v.tr., (entertain) ayarsi, 
 
 jalbebi; v.r'., jalbebo. 
 divide, v.tr., kala go, haibi, 
 divine, a., hodusah, 
 division, ■«., haib, — ti. 
 divorce, n., farniii, — ti ; v.tr., 
 
 fur. 
 divorced, a., furan; a — ■woman, 
 
 nag furan. 
 dizziness, n., (whirl in the head) 
 
 madah wareir, — ki. 
 dizzy, a., hof maduhhu ware- 
 
 rayo ; (make giddy) wareri. 
 do, v.tr., fal, samai, yel; all is 
 
 done, gidi damadai ; I know 
 
 not what to — with them, 
 
 anigu wahan ku falo garan 
 
 mayo. 
 doctor, n., (in physic) hakim, — 
 
 ki, dahdar, — ki, 
 doctrine, n., dabta, — hi. 
 dog, n., ei,— gi; hyaena, yeyi, 
 
 di. 
 dogma, n., dab, — ti. 
 dolour, n., hanun, — ki. 
 dome, n., kubad,— di. 
 domestic (see servant), 
 doom, n., hisab, — ti. 
 door, n., albab, — ki, illin, — k 
 
 dah,— hi. 
 double, v.tr., labai. 
 
DOU 
 
 197 
 
 DEO 
 
 doubt, n., mala, — iM, wiswis, — 
 ki; v.tr., malai. 
 
 doubtful, a., malaisan. 
 
 dough, «., 'ajin, — ti. 
 
 dove, n., hamam, — ^ki ; turtle — , 
 feolli,— di. 
 
 down, «., (of birds) Md, — di. 
 
 down, prp. and ad., daf, — ta, 
 hos, — ta ; fall — , ku da' ; go 
 — the hill, burta hos uga Aeg, 
 or burta daf, or burta hos u 
 daf; go — the stream, dur- 
 durka si ra' ; come — , so deg, 
 ka so deg ; lie — , jifso ; sit 
 — , fadiso ; the wind is — , 
 dabaishi da'dai; the moon is 
 — , dayihhi de' ; the sun is — , 
 horahdi da'dai ; up and — , 
 dul iyo hos, dushiyo hosta ba 
 warwareg ; get — , dada' ; 
 make him get — , so dadi'i. 
 
 downcast, a., (dejected) nin ruh- 
 mai ; be — , ruhan. 
 
 dozen, n., derjin, — ki; a — of 
 eggs, derjin ugahhanah. 
 
 draff, w., (sweepings) hushash, — 
 ki. 
 
 drag, v.tr., (draw) SO jid. 
 
 dragon, n., mas dula,- mas la- 
 yanah. 
 
 dram, v.tr., (draw off water) bi- 
 yaha gudi or go or lih. 
 
 draught, n., (drinking at once) 
 antugo, — adi ; I drank it at 
 a — , antugo kelian ku lihai. 
 
 draw, v.tr., (pull) jid, jidjid, so 
 or si jid, so jidjid, ka so bihi ; 
 — up water, dowli ; — back, 
 dib u 'eli, dib u noho ; the 
 night draws on, habenki wa 
 
 so so'oda ; my fate draws nigh, ' 
 geridaidi wa so so'ota or 
 dowdahai ; (represent by pic- 
 ture) sawir. 
 
 drawing, n., sawir, — ki. 
 
 dread, dreadfulness, n., bahdin 
 or bahnin, — ti. 
 
 dread, dreadful, a., 'absileh, laga 
 'abso, laga boho. 
 
 dream, «., dadab, — ki, riyo,- - 
 adi, riyod, — ki, tamanta,— 
 ihi; v.i., dadab, riyo. 
 
 dress, ra., (cloth) dar, — ki ; So- 
 mali — , maro, — adi, haiH, — 
 gi ; v.tr., hnwi, hamiska u 
 geli ; — yourself, hnwo, gas- 
 ho. 
 
 drink, v.tr., 'ab, dan, fiid; v.c, 
 'absi, dansi ; — liquors, wine, 
 iss ku dufo ; do you — wine ? 
 ma iss ku dufata ? 
 
 drive, v.tr., (guide) jid ; — away, 
 off, eri ; (compel) ku eri ; — 
 the nail in the table, musmar- 
 ka miska ku eri ; — out, ka 
 eri. 
 
 drizzle, drizzling rain, n., 'adar, 
 — ki ; it drizzles, 'adar dah, or 
 'irku wa 'adar dahaya. 
 
 drogman, n., af ayen, — ki. 
 
 drone, ra., (male bee) hunhani, — 
 di. 
 
 drop, n., dibi', — di, tifih ; a — 
 of water, tifih biyaah. 
 
 dropsy, n., (sickness) bararshai, 
 —ihi. 
 
 drought, ra., abar, — ti. 
 
 drown, v.tr., hafi ; v.r., iss hafi ; 
 Ije drowned, hafo. 
 
 drowning, ra., hafin, — ti. 
 
DEO 
 
 198 
 
 EAE 
 
 drowsy (sleepy), a., (nin) hurda, 
 damadsan, gama'san, lulo ba- 
 dan. 
 
 drowsiness, n., lulo, — adi. 
 
 drum, 11., durban, — ki. 
 
 drunk, a., sahransan, lihsan ; be 
 — , sahran ; make him — , 
 kaga sahrami; make yourself 
 — , iss ku dufo. 
 
 dry, a., halalan, ingegan ; be — , 
 halal, ingeg ; v.tr., halaji, ha- 
 lali, ingeji. 
 
 duck, ra., badag, — gi; v.tr., (im- 
 merse) husi, muhuri. 
 
 ducking, n., muhuraslio, — adi. 
 
 due, a. ; it is money — , la'agtan 
 amah ba la ig^ lehyahai ; 
 come in — time, gor gorah 
 kalai, or gor wanaksan kalai ; 
 that letter is written in — 
 form, warhadas si wanaksan 
 ba la horai ; n., give everyone 
 his — , nin walba wahhisa ha 
 la siyo ; we must give the 
 devil his — , shaidaaka wuh- 
 hu lehyahai an sino. 
 
 dug, w., (udder, nipple) 'ando, — 
 adi. 
 
 dull, a., hulabsan, dohon, — ki, 
 sUa'n (lor work) ; to make 
 dictionaries is a — work ; iss 
 ku daranka eraiyada wa shu- 
 hul sUa'n. 
 
 dumb, a., (mute) 'arrabla ; deaf 
 and — , 'arrab iyo dega ba la, 
 or 'arrab lo dega la. 
 
 dumbness, n., 'arrablaan, — ti. 
 
 dung, n., (excrement) har, — ki, 
 saharo, — adi, us, — ki ; of ca- 
 mels, horses and cattle, fanto, 
 
 — adi, fulul, — ki (when dry) 
 
 and falti, — di (when liquid) ; 
 
 — of camels, sheep and goats, 
 
 salo, — adi. 
 dust, n., amud, — di, habas, — ki, 
 
 sesa or sisa, — di, sigo, — adi, 
 
 sufur, — ti. 
 duty, n., (tax) 'ashur, — ti. 
 dwarf, n., 'ilin, — ki {mas), 'Ui- 
 
 mad, — di (Jem.). 
 dwell, v.i., fadi, jir, jog, rugaiso. 
 dwelling, «., rug, — ti, fadi, — gi, 
 
 guri,— gi, jog,— gi. 
 dye, n., sibah, — hi; v.tr., sibah. 
 dyer, n., nin sibahah. 
 dying, a., (expiring) nin dima- 
 
 naya ; he is in a — state, wa 
 
 nin hai ka si bahaisa. 
 dysentery, n., dabadig, — ti, hun- 
 
 dur, — ti ; — of horses and 
 
 cattle, darfa', 'ihi. 
 
 E. 
 
 each, a.prn., walba, waliba ; — 
 
 one, mid waliba, middiba, 
 
 min. 
 eager, a., dahso badan. 
 eagle, n., bahaiya, — ihi ; (a kind 
 
 of) kolambai, — badi. 
 ear, n., deg, — ti ; — lap, dahal, 
 
 — shi. 
 early morning, ad., wa beri. 
 earn, v.tr., hogso ; — your bread, 
 
 naftada u hogso. 
 earnest, a., hog badan. 
 earring, «., Uhad, — di. 
 
EAE 
 
 199 
 
 EMB 
 
 earth, n., amud, — di, 'arro, — adi, 
 
 'id,— di, dul,— ki, il,— ki, 
 
 dimy®, — adi, duni, — di, berri, 
 
 — gi ; — quake, dul garir, — 
 
 kL 
 earthen, «., 'id laga samaiyai ; 
 
 an — pot, adar, — kL 
 ease, w., Tiaulyari, — di, ladnan, 
 
 — ti, barah, — hi ; live at — , 
 
 haulyari ku jir ; take your — , 
 
 l)arah u fadi ; give him some 
 
 — , inu naso u fasah. 
 ease, v.tr., (relieve) sahal; this 
 
 will — you, tan wa ku tadna- 
 
 haL 
 easy, a., sahalan. 
 east, n., bari, — ^gL 
 eat, v.tr., 'un; be eaten, Itigu 
 
 'un ; it is eaten, la 'TUi, 
 ebb, n., (low tide) 'ari, — di ; v.i., 
 
 'ari ; the sea ebbs, baddi 'ari- 
 
 daL 
 echo, n., dayan or diyan, — ^ki ; 
 
 v.i., diyan or dayan. 
 eclipse (of the sun), n., hosis or 
 
 hosas, — ^ki 
 economize, v.tr., dah, daho. 
 edge, n., (cutting part of any 
 
 instrument) af, — ^ki ; (brink) 
 
 girgir or jitjir, — ^ki, dartir, — 
 
 ki, farah, — hi 
 educate, v.tr., bar, kori, u tali ; 
 
 be educated, kor ; educated 
 
 with, la kor, 
 education, n., barnin, — ti, koris, 
 
 — ki 
 eel, n., (a fish) hud, — ki. 
 efface, v.tr., hahihi, bii. 
 egg, n., beid,— ki, ugah, — hi, 
 
 ngahan,— ti 
 
 eight, num., sided, — di; eighth, 
 sidedad; one-eighth (|), fal- 
 lad, rima'. 
 
 eighteen, num., sided iyo toban, 
 — ki. 
 
 eighty, num., sidehtan, — ki. 
 
 either, prn., ama ; either ... or 
 not, hadi ... iyo hadikaleh, 
 
 elbow, n., husul, — ki 
 
 elder, a., ka wein, kan kaleh ka 
 wein. 
 
 eldest, a. and «., (tirst-boin) 
 'urad, — ki. 
 
 elephant, n., marodi,— gi. 
 
 eleven, num., kowb iyo toban, — • 
 ki ; eleventh, kowb iyo tob- 
 nad, — ^ki, — ti. 
 
 eloquent, a., af yahan, — ki, nin 
 af yahanaL 
 
 else, a. ; Hassan or any one — , 
 Hassan ama nin kasta; no- 
 body — will come, nin kaleh 
 iman mayo, or nin kaleh o 
 dami . . . ; he did that when he 
 had nothing — to do, wuhu 
 falai koiku wuhu habto o dan 
 wahyai ; nowhere — , mel ka- 
 leh dan tegi mayo ; ad., 
 ama, hadikaleh se; go your 
 ways, or — I will beat you, 
 daugaga habso, hadikaleh se 
 ban usha ku la do'o. 
 
 emasculate, v.tr., dufan. 
 
 embark, v.i., dof, ful; v.tr., dfifi, 
 dofsi, full. 
 
 embarkation, n., dof, — ki. 
 
 embassador (of peace), n., ergo, 
 — adi ; embassy, ergo, — adi 
 
 embers, «., dambas kidul, raran, 
 — ki. 
 
EMB 
 
 200 
 
 ENT 
 
 emlDlem, n., sumad, — di. 
 
 embrace, v.tr., (take a lull hand) 
 ka buhso. 
 
 emetic, n., dawada ka mantajisa. 
 
 eDiploy, v.tr.^ (for work) niuka 
 sliiiiul u habo, shuhiil si. 
 
 employment, n., haill, — shi; un- 
 employed, haul la, shuhul la. 
 
 empty, a., babah, madan ; be — , 
 mado ; v.tr., madi. 
 
 enchant, v.tr., fal. 
 
 enchanter, n., nin wah fal, nag 
 wah fasba (Jem). 
 
 enchantment, m., fel, — ki. 
 
 enclose, v.tr., od. 
 
 enclosure, n., hero, — adi ; small 
 — , mahal herais, — ki, — ti ; 
 make an — , hero od. 
 
 encourafie, v.tr., la tosi, la hagaji, 
 gesiuimo u yel. 
 
 end, n., ahir, — ki, idlan, — ti; 
 last — or breath (death), Ugu 
 dambais, — ti; the — of the 
 year, sanadda ahirkedi or id- 
 lanti ; go to the further — of 
 the street, surinku meshu ku 
 go tag ; he draws towards his 
 — , ugu dambaistisi bu dow- 
 yahai ; the ultimate — is 
 death, judgment, heaven or 
 hell, kolki ugu dambaisai, or 
 dugta ugu dambaisa wa gerri, 
 iyo hisab, iyo janno ama' 
 'adab. 
 
 endeavour, v.i., hausho, haul gal. 
 
 endless, a., an idlan lahain, an 
 
 idlan ahain. 
 endure, v.tr., (support) hado, U 
 
 samir. 
 enemy, n., 'adow, — gi, 'oil, — ^ki ; 
 
 become, be — with, la 'ollow 
 
 {sing.), 'oUoba (plur.). 
 energetic, a., nin haiiled, hog 
 
 badan. 
 engage, v.tr., (stake as a pledge) 
 
 u dibo, rahaji; (employ, enlist) 
 
 habso ; — in a bad way, hal- 
 
 hal, hatal. 
 English, a., ingris, — ki ; an 
 
 Englishman, nin ingrisah ; — 
 
 language, af ingris. 
 engrave, v.tr., harad. 
 enlarge, v.tr., balladi, weinai. 
 enlighten, v.tr., iftimi, shid, si- 
 
 rad, dabka bihi. 
 enmity, «., 'ollad, — di. 
 enough, ad., bas ; that is — , 
 
 intasa ku fllan ; — for me, 
 
 aniga igu filan ; — for us, 
 
 annaga nogu filan ; not — , 
 
 diman, nag^ ma filla. 
 enquire, v.tr., weidi. 
 enrage, v.tr., (provoke) kaga 
 
 'adaisi. 
 ensign, «., 'alan, — ki ; — staff, 
 
 hori 'alan, — ki. 
 enslave, v.tr., bidai ka dig. 
 entangle, v.tr., iss ku mergi ; be 
 
 entangled, iss ku mereg. 
 entanglement, n., mereg, — gi. 
 enter, v.i., (come or go in) gal, 
 
 SO gal ; — for, u so gal ; v.c, 
 
 geli, so geli. 
 entertain, v.tr., (converse) ha- 
 
 sawi ; (treat at table) hadaisi ; 
 
 (amuse) jalbebi. 
 entertainment, n., hasawai, — ihi; 
 
 diafad, — di, jalbeb, — ^ti. 
 entice, v.tr., dufso, halhal, hatal, 
 
ENT 
 
 201 
 
 EVI 
 
 enticement, n., dufsasho, — adi, 
 
 halhal, — ki, sasabaslio, — adi. 
 entire, a., daman, dan, dami, 
 
 idil, leil. 
 entrails, n., uslaho or usloho, — 
 
 adi, uslahais, — ti. 
 entrance, n., (entry) illin, — ki. 
 entrap, v.tr., (ensnare) dab. 
 entreat, v.tr., (solicit) bari. 
 enumerate, v.tr., midmid u tiri. 
 envelop, v.tr., dudub. 
 envplope, n., [a cover, wrapper) 
 
 kish, — ki. 
 envious, a., hasid, — ki. 
 envy, n., hasidnimo, — adi, histi, 
 
 epilepsy, n., siihdin, — ti ; have a 
 fit of — , suh. 
 
 epiploon, n., ha'id alolo, — adi, 
 haid mindi'iro, — adi. 
 
 epithet, n., nanais, — ti. 
 
 epoch, epocha, n., ayamo, — iM, 
 tarih, — hi. 
 
 equal, a., iss ku mid, iss ku si- 
 man, iss leh eg ; not — , iss 
 ku mid ma aha, iss ma leh 
 eka. 
 
 eradicate, v.tr., ruji. 
 
 eradication, n., rujin, — ti, nijis, 
 — ki. 
 
 eremite (hermit), n., nin goniah, 
 'idla fadiya, 'idla degah, 
 
 err, v.i., hatalan, iss hatal, ^a- 
 wai. 
 
 error, n., hatalad, — di. 
 
 escape, n., bahsad, — ^ki, ya', — hi; 
 v.tr., ka bahso ; v/e cannot — 
 temptation, huffinta ka bahsan 
 kari maino ; v.i., bahso, ya'a 
 (used in the plur). 
 
 espouse, v.tr., gurso. 
 
 espousals, n., gur, — ki, g;ursad, 
 
 ki. 
 espy, v.tr. and v.i., so ilalai, ilalo 
 
 tag. 
 establish, v.tr., ka SO sar ; — the 
 
 true religion, dinta rnntaah 
 
 ka so sar. 
 esteem, n., murwad, — di ; v.tr., 
 
 murwad. 
 estimate, n., (value set) hadari, 
 
 — gi- 
 
 eternal, a., had iyo gor, dayim. 
 
 eternity, n., dayiman or dayimis, 
 — ki. 
 
 European, n., frenji, — gi. 
 
 eunuch, n., nin dufanam, koron, 
 — ki. 
 
 evaporate, v.tr. and y.t.,'galibihi; 
 the sun evaporates water, ho- 
 rahdu biyaha wa galibihisa ; 
 the fire evaporates water, dab- 
 ku biyaha wa galibihiya or 
 galibasha. 
 
 evaporation, n., galibah, — ihi. 
 
 evening, n., galab, — ti, 'asar, — 
 ki, mahrib, — ki ; come at — , 
 galab or galabta kalai. 
 
 ever, a., weli. 
 
 everlasting {see eternal). 
 
 every, a., kasta, walba ; every- 
 where, mel kasta, mel walba. 
 
 evidence, n., marhati, — gi. 
 
 evident, a., muhda, muhata 
 (fem). 
 
 evil, n., human, — ti, shar, — ki ; 
 — doer, layan, — ki ; do — to 
 him, u humai ; what — have 
 I done to you ^ mahan kugu 
 humaiyai ? 
 
EWE 
 
 202 
 
 EXT 
 
 ewe, «., lah, — di, sabein, — ti. 
 examine, v.tr., beji, hubso, taslio, 
 
 so tasho, si tasbo. 
 except, j3?73., mabae, mabe. 
 exchange, »., dafsasbo, — adi, 
 
 dafsis, — ki; v.tr., dafl, dafso, 
 
 dori, dorso. 
 excoriatioD, n., dirail, — ki ; ex- 
 coriated, diran. 
 excrement, n., US, — ki, 
 excrescence, n., (of flesh in a sore) 
 
 adad, — ki. 
 excuse, /i., samab, — ibi, hal, 
 
 — ki; (pardon) v.tr., 'affi, sar 
 
 mab. 
 exhaust, v.tr., (drain) gudi, madi; 
 
 be exhausted, ruhan. 
 exhibition, n., tusnin, — ti, muj- 
 
 nia, — tL 
 exile, v.tr., dairi; re., dairis, — ki; 
 
 exiled, dairsan. 
 exist, v.i., jir ; the soul is certain 
 
 of her existence, naftu wa 
 
 bubta inai jirto. 
 existing, a., nol. 
 expect, v.tr., (wait for) sug, u 
 
 jed, u kadi, u jog, u jogso, 
 
 ninka daur. 
 expectation, re., SUgnin, — ti. 
 expel, v.tr., (drive away) eri, 
 
 safiri or masafiri, ka sar ; ex- 
 pelled, safirsan. 
 expend, v.tr., bihi. 
 expense, re., bihis, — ki, haraj, 
 
 — ki ; useless — , basaro, — 
 
 adi. 
 experience, n., ahli, — gi. 
 experiment, re., bejis, — ki. 
 expiate {see atone), 
 expiation, n., tobad ken, — ki. 
 
 expire, iKtr., ugu dambaistada 
 neifso. 
 
 explain, v.tr., muji. 
 
 explaining, explanation, n., muj- 
 niu. 
 
 explicate, v.tr., (disentangle) fur- 
 fur. 
 
 explorator, n., nin magalada so 
 deb mara o ilalaiya, or uin 
 magalada ilalaiya. 
 
 explore, v.tr., ilali, so ilalai. 
 
 explosion, re., harah, — ihi. 
 
 export, v.tr., magalada ka sar o 
 Aden u sar. 
 
 exportation and importation, n., 
 wahha magalada so gala iyo 
 wabka magalada ka baha. 
 
 expose, v.tr., (show) muji, tus; 
 ■ — a child, dabsi ; — your life, 
 naftada ku sabab. 
 
 exposure, re., (of goods) mujis, — 
 ki. 
 
 express, v.tr., u sbeg. 
 
 expressly, ad., ogan u ; I did that 
 — , ogan ban u falai. 
 
 expulse [see expel). 
 
 expulsion, re., masafiris, — ^ki. 
 
 extend, v.tr., (stretch out) SO 
 bibi, tikso ; (enlarge) weinai ; 
 v.i., gad ; the SoiDali country 
 extends as far as the Abyssi- 
 nian, dulka Somalida kan 
 Abshantu gada. 
 
 exterior, re., dibad, — di. 
 
 extinction, re., idlau, — ti, babiis, 
 — ki. 
 
 extinguish, v.tr., bahti, babii, 
 idlai. 
 
 extort, v.tr., ka dufo, ka had, ka 
 bog, muhuni. 
 
EXT 
 
 203 
 
 PAL 
 
 extortion, n., muhimo, — adi. 
 extract, v.tr., ka SO bihi, 
 extraordinary, a., yaban, yabsan, 
 
 yableh, yab haba. 
 eye, n., il, — sM; eyes, indo, — 
 ihi ; — ball, the pupil, isha 
 inankeda, or isha wilkeda, 
 indaha wilkoda (pl.ur.) ; — 
 beam, glance, daimo, — adi, 
 egmo, — adi ; — brow, kod, — 
 ki ; — drop, ilmo, — adi. 
 
 black-eyed, a., nin. inda 
 madow ; pink-eyed, nin inda 
 yaryar; grey-eyed, nin inda 
 owlan ; one-ej ed, hof awaran, 
 iUa. 
 
 one-eyed person, n., 'awar, 
 — ki. 
 
 be one-eyed, v.i., 'awarnaw, 
 'awarahaw, 'awaran, 'awar 
 noho. 
 
 eye-lash, n., isha balkedi, 
 indaha balkoda (plur.). 
 
 eye-lid, n., hirib, — ti; Tapper 
 — , hirib sarai, — ti; lower — , 
 hirib hosai. 
 
 eye-sight, n., arag, — gi. 
 
 eye-sore, a., isha bog ku 
 leh. 
 
 eye-tooth, n., mi'i, — di ; — 
 teeth, mi'iyo, mi'iyihi. 
 
 iris of the eye, «., buh, — di, 
 isha buhdeda, indaha bnh- 
 doda. 
 
 cornea of the eye, to., isha 
 'alosheda 'ad, indaha 'alo- 
 shoda 'ad (plur.). 
 
 F. 
 
 face, re., weiji,— gi, hagag,— gi, 
 
 jah, — hi, fayo, — ihi. 
 facile, a., jilai'san, shuhul jilai'- 
 
 san, sahalan. 
 fagot, «., hidmo habaah, — adi, 
 
 habaha ahaid. 
 fact, re., falnin, — ti, wah la 
 
 falai ; take him in the — (act), 
 
 runta ku habo ; matter of — , 
 
 dab, — ti ; it is a matter of — , 
 
 wa dabti. 
 fail, v.i. ; he has failed to do his 
 
 duty, he must, be dismis.sed, 
 
 wah hun bu falai e shuhulka 
 
 ha laga saro ; the day begins 
 
 to — , darartu wa damanaisa 
 
 or libdaisa, 
 faint, a., suhsan, weidsan ; v.i., 
 
 weidow, suh. 
 fainting, n., weld, — ki ; — fit, 
 
 suhdin, — ti. 
 fair, a., bahsan, hurohsan, shu- 
 
 ban ; — sex, dnmar, — ki. 
 fairness, re., 'adan, — ti, — ki. 
 fairy, n., huliad, — di. 
 faith, n., (belief) amin, — ki, din, 
 
 • — ta ; (fidelity) dar, — ti. 
 faithful, a., amiaa, — ihi, nin 
 
 aminah. 
 faithless, a., dar jid, — ^ki. 
 fakir, faquir, re., fakir, — ki ; go 
 
 and beg always for the same 
 
 thing, ku si fakirow. 
 fall, n.. ku&in, — ti; heavy — , 
 
 hambaro, — adi ; he is dead of 
 
 his — , kufnintisi bu u dintai ; 
 
 v.int., da', kuf ; — on the 
 
■pAL 
 
 204 
 
 PAY 
 
 ground, flulka ku da'; — for- 
 ward, hor u kuf ; — backward, 
 dib u kuf ; — headlong, ina- 
 dah u or ku kuf; — from, ku 
 so da' ; that fell into his mind, 
 wahhasi u da'dai ; ^ in, on, 
 ku da', ku dufo ; — heavily, 
 hambarow; v.c, kufi leged» 
 ku rid, bambarai. 
 
 fallacious, a., hiyano leh. 
 
 falling, n., (of the fleece or hair 
 of animals) dogor rugmad) — 
 ki ; (of a man knocked down) 
 gagab, — ki. 
 
 fallow beast, w., ugad, — di. 
 
 false, a., beinah ; prove — , beini. 
 
 falsehood, falseness, n., bein, — ti, 
 halalif, — ti, hawayad, — di. 
 
 falter {see stammer). 
 
 family, n., has, — ki, rer, — ki. 
 
 famine, «., abar, — ti, dihal,— ki. 
 
 famish, v.tr., (starve) abarai, 
 dihali ; v.i., (die of hiinger) 
 abar or abarow, dihalanow. 
 
 fan, n., marawahad, — di ; (m- 
 strurapnt for winnowing grain) 
 masaf, — ki. 
 
 fancy, «., husus, — ti, miyir, — ki. 
 
 fang, ■«., (tusk) mi'i, — di. 
 
 fantasia, n., dabaldeg, — gi. 
 
 far, ad., fog, mel fog ; farther, 
 ka fog ; farthest, ugu fog ; go 
 so — , sidas u fogow ; you 
 must learn so — , sidas u baro ; 
 so — as I can gueas, sidas U 
 malain karo ; how — 1 intai 
 jirta? how — is it thither 1 
 mesbasi intai ino jirta 1 do 
 you know how — he has gone 
 away ? intu fogadai ma gara- 
 
 naisa? go — , fogow; go far- 
 ther, si fogow; — off, away, 
 jidai. 
 
 farewell ! int., amana Allah ! na- 
 bad gelyo ! salamad ! 
 
 fart, n., duso, — adi ; v.i., dus. 
 
 fashion, n., dastur, — ti ; this is 
 our — , baragadayada wa 
 'ainka. 
 
 fast, n., (fasting) sOn, — ki ; v.i., 
 son ; a., (firm) adag ; as — as 
 a mountain, sida bur kale- 
 hab u adag ; (speedy) dahso u 
 so'o ; a ^ — or deep sleep, burdo 
 Wein ; he is in a — sleep, bur- 
 do wein bu ku jira ; ad., hold 
 — , heji, ad u heji ; boil — , 
 ad u kari ; do not write so — , 
 dahso ha u horin. 
 
 fasten, v.tr., adkai, hid. 
 
 fastening, fastness, n., adkan* — ti. 
 
 faster, n., (a fasting man) saim, 
 — ki, nin saimah, nin soman. 
 
 fat, a., shilis, buran, nahsan; 
 become — , nah ; «., bar'ur, — 
 ti ; dayi, — gi ; the — of the 
 tail, badi, — di. 
 
 fate, n., (destiny) ayan, — ki, 
 wed, — ki. 
 
 father, n., abba, — ihi ; (for 
 religious or priests) badri, — 
 gi ; — in-law, soddog, — gi. 
 
 fatigue, n., 'ato, — adi, dal, — ki. 
 
 fatigued, a,, 'ataisan, dalan, da- 
 shan ; be — , 'atow, dal. 
 
 fault, 11., hatalad, — di, tahsir, — 
 ti, dembi, — gi, 
 
 favour, n., (partiality) eho, — adi, 
 ehasho, — adi ; v.tr., (be partial) 
 eho, ka eho. 
 
FAW 
 
 205 
 
 FIP 
 
 fawn upon, v.tr., hayahayai. 
 
 fawning, «., (flattery) hayohayo, 
 — adi. 
 
 fear, n., (dread) 'absi, — di, bah- 
 din, — ti ; v.i., (be afraid) 'abso, 
 bah; v.tr., (frijrhten) 'absi, ka 
 baho or boho, baji, 
 
 fearless, a., 'absila. 
 
 feast, n., 'id, — di, siyaro, — adi, 
 siyarad, — di ; make a — , 'id, 
 siyar. 
 
 feather, n., bal, — ki. 
 
 feature {see face). 
 
 fecal matters, n., saharo, — adi, 
 har, — ki, 
 
 fecundity, n., dalasho, — adi. 
 
 feed, »., (food) sor, — ti, sabbar, 
 — ki, soryo, — adi, masruf or 
 musriif, — ki ; v.tr., sor, sab- 
 bar, sabbaro ; — the cattle, 
 dahgei, daji ; — your family, 
 masruf; «.«'., he lives on fruits, 
 mido bu ku nolyahai ; he lives 
 like a Somali, sida dadka So- 
 malied bu u 'tiua. 
 
 feel, v.i., tabo ; v.c, tabsi ; v.tr., 
 I — a great pain, hanuu hun 
 ba i haya, or ad ban u hanun- 
 sanaya ; how do you — your- 
 self '! or how do you do ? sidad 
 tahail mahad jogta? mahad 
 falaisa. 
 
 feeling, n., tabasho, — adi ; hav- 
 ing the same feelings, iss ku 
 talo ; have a had — against, 
 honso. 
 felicitate [see congratulate), 
 felicity, n., farah, — ibM, rabo, — 
 
 adi, rahad, — ^di. 
 fell, v.tr., (cut down) go, jifi, leged. 
 
 fellow, n., wehel, — ki. 
 female, n., didig or dadig, — gi 
 
 a., didig. 
 fence, n., hero, — adi, od, — di 
 
 v.tr., (inclose) od. 
 ferment, n., hamir, — ki, 
 ferocious, a., dadhunah. 
 ferocity, n., dadhun, — ki. 
 fertile, a., barwahaisau ; fertile 
 
 place, ramash, — ki. 
 fertility, «., barwaho,— adi. 
 fervent, a., kulul, 'ibadad badan. 
 fester, v.i., (grow virulent) 'alid 
 
 or 'alir. 
 fetch, «., (device) hikmad, — di ; 
 
 v.tr., so had, la kalai, ken, 
 
 gei. 
 fetid, a., hudmun, ur hudmun. 
 fetter, v.lr., (bind) siisiladai, sil- 
 
 silad ku jebi, heg, dabdabar, 
 
 shekal, hofali, iss weidari, 
 
 settai. 
 fetters, «., (trammels) hofal, — ki, 
 
 dabar, — ki, heg, — gi, shekal 
 
 or shakal, — ki, setto, — adi, 
 
 iss weidar, — ki. 
 feud, «., diiir, — ^ti, honsi, — gi, 
 
 'ollad, — di. 
 fever, n., dahan, — ti ; a violent 
 
 or burning — , fallad hun oc 
 
 kulul ; fit of — , hadhaiiyo, — 
 
 adi, 
 field, n., doho, — adi, hahlad, — di, 
 fifind, n., (devil) 'iftid, — ki. 
 fierce, a., dad'una ; a — camel, 
 
 rati dad'unah, — gi, dad 'unka 
 
 aha. 
 fife, n., bibileb, — iM. 
 fifteen, num., shan iyo toban, — 
 
 ki. 
 
nv 
 
 206 
 
 PIS 
 
 fifth, 7!um., shanad, — ki, — di. 
 fifty, num., konton, — ki ; fiftieth, 
 
 kontomad, — ki, — di. 
 fig, n., berde or berda, — ihl, 
 
 darai, — gi. 
 fight, n., dagal,— ki, dirir, we- 
 
 rar, — ki, harbi, — gi; v. tr. and 
 
 v.i., dirir, dagalan, Werar, 
 
 harbi, la dirir, la dagalan, la 
 
 harbi wah ka werar ; — for, 
 
 ku taba'. 
 figure, «., (shape) surrad, — di, 
 
 midab, — ki ; — of a calf, ma- 
 
 har, — ki ; — ^ of a camel, ma- 
 
 harsar, — ki ; v.tr., (form into 
 
 a shape) midab u yel. 
 file, n., (tool) sofa, — ihi; v.tr., 
 
 sofai. 
 fill, v.tr., buhi, buhso, so dami, 
 
 dar, so dar. 
 filled, a., buhsan ; be — , buhsan, 
 
 buhsanow. 
 filiy, n., darman, — ti. 
 film, n., (of the brain) hub, — ki ; 
 
 our brain is hidden by a thin 
 
 pellicle, mas ka'denu hub bai 
 
 ku harsoutabai. 
 filter, n., (strainer) darur, — ti ; 
 
 v.tr., darur. 
 filth (see dirt), 
 fin, n., bal, — ki. 
 find, v.tr., hel ; do not — , wah ; 
 
 — out thy food, helhel, tab. 
 fine, a., bahsan, hurohsan, hu- 
 
 rohbadan ; n., (penalty) hasir, 
 
 — ki ; v.tr., set a — upon, 
 
 hasir. 
 finger, n., far, — ti ; the fore — , 
 
 murdiso or murudsato, — adi ; 
 
 middle — , far doho, — adi ; 
 
 ring — , 'awo, — adi, fadumo, 
 —adi ; little — , far yaro, — 
 adi, 
 
 finish, v.tr., damai, damaiso, 
 idlai, halas, laso. 
 
 finished, a., dama, daman, halas 
 
 fire, n., dab, — ki; a great — , og, 
 — ti ; — brand, hori dableh, 
 duhul dambasleh ; light of the 
 — , ilais, — ki ; v.tr., set on — , 
 dabka shid ; — that housp, 
 ahalka gub ; set on — , dabka 
 belbelli or ololi or nolai. 
 
 fire-stone, n., dardar, — ki ; the 
 three stones on which they 
 place the boiler are called, 
 dardaro, — adi. 
 
 fire-tongs, n., birrhab, — ki. 
 
 firm, a., adag, tagan ; be — , 
 tagnow, a^aw, iss adkai. 
 
 firmness, «., adkan, — ti, tag, — 
 ti. 
 
 firmament, n., 'ir, — ki. 
 
 first, num., kowad, — ki, — di, 
 horai, kan horai ; the — cove- 
 nant, ahdigi horai ; the — 
 man of the town, ninka maga- 
 lada ugu horaiya ; be the — , 
 ugu or u horai ; go — , horai ; 
 ad., horta, hor, gorti horai ; 
 go — , hor u so'o ; — begot, or 
 — begotten, <urad, — ki, ki u 
 hor dashai. 
 
 fish, n., kalun, — ki; saw — , 
 daba safan, — ki; v.tr., catch 
 — , jilab, so jilab, jilabo ; 
 where did you catch that — \ 
 haggad ka so jilabatai ta ? 
 
 fisher, fisherman, n., sayad, — ki. 
 
 fishing, »., jilabasho, — adi. 
 
ns 
 
 207 
 
 FLO 
 
 fishing-boat, n., kalumaisato, — 
 adi. 
 
 fist, w., tantomo, — adi, tumujo, 
 — adi ; v.tr., tanton, tumujai. 
 
 fistula Jacrymalis, n., il yaro, — 
 adi. 
 
 fit, a. ; he is — for that employ- 
 ment, isagii hausha wa haban. 
 kara ; it is not — for you to 
 speak so, adigu inad sida u 
 hadasMd ku ma eka ; he is — 
 for war, dagal wa ka adag' 
 yahai; v.tr., (suit); that shirt 
 fits me very well, hamiskasi wa 
 i leh egyahai ; «,, sudden — 
 of burning fever, hando, — adi. 
 
 five, num., sh.an, — ti. 
 
 fix, v.tr., (make fast) dab, tag; 
 — a day, malin ballan ; — 
 your dwelling there, fadigaga 
 halka ka d's or ka sar ; — a 
 handle, dab ku joji. 
 
 fixity, »., tag, — ti. 
 
 flag, «., 'alan, — ^ki; — staff, hori 
 'alan, — ki. 
 
 flagellation, n., karbash, — ki, 
 ulais, — ki, sergad, — di, gara- 
 'is, — ki. 
 
 flageolet, n., bibileh, — lihi. 
 
 flake, n., (flock of wool) rifan, — 
 ki ; — of fire, diabil, — shi, 
 bilig,— ti. 
 
 flame {see blaze). 
 
 flash (of lightning), n., danab, — ki. 
 
 flask, n., (kind of bottle) weiso, 
 — adi. 
 
 flat, flatten, v.fr., banai, sin, iss 
 ku sin ; a., banan, siman. 
 
 flatter, v.tr., sasab, sasabo, hayar 
 hayai. 
 
 flattery, n., sasab, — ki; sasaba- 
 
 sho, — adi. 
 flavour, n., dadan, — ki. 
 flay, v.tr., (strip off) dubka ka 
 
 bihi, haragg^ or santa ka 
 
 mudlu. 
 flea, n., injirbodo, — adi, takfi,— 
 
 gi- 
 
 flee, v.i., (to fly) bah. 
 fleece, n., dogor, — ti. 
 flesh, n., Mlib, — ki, 'ad, — ^ki, 
 
 jid, — ki, jimid, — ki. 
 flexibility, n., lih, — hi. 
 flexible, a., lihah.; a — stick, «1 
 
 lihah, 
 flier, n., nin 'araraya, nin bah- 
 
 Sight, n., 'arar, — ki, bahsi, — gi, 
 ya',— hi. 
 
 fling, v.tr., rid, rido, ku rid. 
 
 flint (silex), n., dagah madow, 
 — gi, du'un, — ti. 
 
 float, v.i., sabai ; floating, n., 
 sabais, — ki. 
 
 flock, n., (of people) g^to, — adi, 
 uruT, — ki, fadi, — gi ; a — of 
 horses, fadi fardaah, or kadin 
 fardaah; a — of cows, neat 
 cattle, fadi lo'ah, or kadin 
 lo'ah; (they say a 'so for) a 
 
 — of horses, fardo, — ihi; a 
 
 — of cows, lo', — di ; a — of 
 goats and sheep, adi, — gi; a 
 
 — of wild or fallow beasts, 
 rahan, — ti; a junction of flocks, 
 iss ku daran, — ki; a — of young 
 sheep, mahal, — shi; — of wool, 
 rifan, — ki ; v.i., (gather into 
 flocks) urur, iss urur. 
 
 flog (beat), v.tr., dengadai, hawdi, 
 
no 
 
 208 
 
 FOO 
 
 karbasli, haisaramai, serwanai, 
 jedal, lamai sergadai, ulai. 
 
 flogging, 11., denged, — ki, hawdis, 
 — ki, karbash, — ki, j edal, — ki, 
 sergad, — ki, sergan, — ti. 
 
 flood, n., dad,— ki. 
 
 floor, v.tr., lohyada ahalka ku 
 sarab. 
 
 flooring, n., alwahda sarabkeda. 
 
 flour, re., bur, — ki, dahir, — di, 
 saren, — ki. 
 
 flourish (bloom, blossom), v.i., 
 ubakaiso, uboho; this tiee is 
 blooming, gedkasi wa ubah- 
 naya. 
 
 flow, v.i., bah, dadi ; the bucket 
 flows (leaks), baldigi wa da- 
 dinaya ; the tears — , ilma ka 
 boraisa or ka dareiraisa or 
 ka da'aisa; the tide flow.s and 
 ebbs, mayaddu wa buhsanta 
 'arida. 
 
 flower, M., ubah, — ihi, man, — ki. 
 
 flue (soft down or fur), re., yilih, 
 — di. 
 
 flux and reflux, re., maujad, — di, 
 mayad, — di 
 
 fly, re., (an insect) dihsl, — gi ; 
 v.i., (flee, run away) 'arar, baho, 
 bahso, ya'a {plur.) ; (for beasts) 
 bub ; v.tr., sleep flies the 
 wretched, hurdo dad hun wa 
 daaisa ; he was fain to — the 
 Somali land, wa la muhurun- 
 sbai iuu bilad Somalied ka 
 jrimado. 
 
 foal, re., (of horses) darman,— ki 
 or — ti ; (of cows and camels) 
 ban, — ki. 
 
 foam (froth), re., bumbo, — adi, 
 
 abur, — ki ; v.i., the camel 
 toarus, aurku abur bu ke'i- 
 naya or ke'iya ; make — , 
 kaga humbaisi. 
 
 fog, «., 'iro, — adi. 
 
 foggy, a., 'iraisan. 
 
 foist, n., duso, — adi ; v.i., dus, 
 
 fold, «., (enclosure for sheep) 
 hero, — adi ; sinall — , edeg, — 
 gi ; (a plait) labnin, — ti, dub- 
 niii, — ti ; v.tr., (double, plait) 
 dub, lab, lablab ; (gather sheep 
 into the — ) kuriyai ; — in 
 foim of a ball, kus. 
 
 folk or folks, re., dad,— ki. 
 
 follow, v.tr., ra', so ra', radi, 
 ninka radkisa gur ; v.i., daba 
 so'o, ka dabakalai, ka dambai. 
 
 follower, re., radis, — ki. 
 
 following, a., dambai. 
 
 folly, re., walli,— di, iss walwal, 
 — ki ; the follies of the woild, 
 iss walwalka dunida. 
 
 food, re., sor, — ti, 'uuno, — adi, 
 sabbar, — ki, masruf, — ki, ham- 
 bo, — adi, soryo, — adi. 
 
 fool, re., looiish, a., nin wallan, 
 washa, walwaUan, dohon, — ki, 
 na's, — ki, misrirla. 
 
 foolishness, re,, miyirlaan, — ti ; 
 he plays the fooi, wa iss wal- 
 wallaya. 
 
 foot, re., 'ag, — ti ; from head to 
 — , ~'agti Ua madahha; he 
 walks barefooted, kabalaan bu 
 ku so'oda ; go on — , 'aga ku 
 so'o ; — by — , talabo-talabo ; 
 at tJiH — , 'agta ; put your feet 
 in, illo; the — of the moun- 
 tain, burta 'agteda; broad- 
 
FOE 
 
 209 
 
 FOR 
 
 footed, nin 'aga wein ; — path, 
 n., dau, — gi, jid, — ^ki, marin, 
 — ki ; sole of the — , n., 'agta 
 'ad, 'agti <adaid; — step, «., 
 rad, — ki ; sound of the steps, 
 jan, — ti. 
 for, prp., u ; — your sake, da- 
 radda, awada ; — us, daradden, 
 awaden ; — fear, he did not 
 do that, bahdin bu wah la 
 haban wahyai ; — the present 
 we have enough, haddadan 
 jogta nagu filan; — ever, gor 
 iyo galab, weligi; they left 
 him — dead, inu dintai ba 
 la modal, o la iss kaga yimi ; 
 how much did you sell it — 1 
 imisad sisai? whom are you 
 
 — ? kuma or aya ku leh? 
 conj., do not meddle with him, 
 for he is a cheat, ha ra'in 
 niiika, wa nin hiyanahah. 
 
 forbear, v.i., (abstain) iss ka da ; 
 
 — to swear, iss ka da darta, 
 forbearance, n., (patience) dulha- 
 
 dasho, — adi. 
 
 forbid, v.tr., u did. 
 
 forbidden, a., wah la iss u didai, 
 wah la iss ka hukumai. 
 
 force, n., (vigour) adkan, — ti, 
 tag, — ti; (violence) hog, — gi, 
 hasab, — ti, muhimb, — adi ; 
 (power) ital, — ki; the — of 
 truth, italka runta ; v.tr., 
 (oblige) hasab, muhuni ; obtain 
 by — , dufo, so dufo ; — down, 
 hos u muhuni ; — out, ka mu- 
 huni. 
 
 ford, n., gudubsino, — adi; look 
 for a — , gudubsi. 
 
 fore-arm, n., dudun, — ^ki. 
 
 forebode {see foretell). 
 
 forefather, n., abbayal, — shi. 
 
 fore-finger {see finger). 
 
 foregoing, a., horai. 
 
 forehead, «., fed, — di, jah, — hi. 
 
 foreigner, n., marti, — di, nin 
 rerod, — ki, shishaiyai, — ihi, 
 nin shishaiyaiah. 
 
 fore-leg, n., jeni, — gi. 
 
 forenoon, n., barhin, — ti, bar- 
 had, — di, barho, — adi, gelin 
 here. 
 
 forepart, n., bar, — ki, or barki 
 sarai. 
 
 foresaid, a., horai lo yidi. 
 
 forest, n., dud,^ — di, sharer, — ki, 
 mel shareran, meshi share- 
 raid ; plant a — , shareri. 
 
 foretell, v.tr., wah sheg, fall, 
 
 foreteller, n., wah sheg, — gi, nin 
 wah shega. 
 
 foretelling, n., wah sheg, — gi. 
 
 forfeit, v.tr., hallai ; that girl has 
 forfeited her honour, gabad- 
 dasi namuskedi hallaisai. 
 
 forge, v.tr., tun ; forged, tu- 
 man. 
 
 forget, v.tr., Uaw, Uow. 
 
 forgetfulness, «., ilowsho, — ihi. 
 
 forgive, v.tr., 'affi, samah. 
 
 forgiveness, n., 'affi, — gi", samah, 
 — di, or samhad, — £. 
 
 fork, n., mud'a', — 'ihi, faudal 
 faroleh. 
 
 forlorn, a., la na'ai. 
 
 form, n., (shape) midab, — ki ; 
 (way, manner) si, — di. 
 
 form, v.tr., (frame) samai. 
 
 former, a., tore, horai. 
 
FOE 
 
 210 
 
 FEB 
 
 formerly, ad., beri horai, kolki 
 horai, wa hore. 
 
 formula, n., (form of prayer) 
 ayad, — di. 
 
 fornicate, v.i., ka siuaiso, was. 
 
 forsake, v.tr., (leave, depart from) 
 dairi ; lie forsook his word, 
 hadalkisi bu na'ai. 
 
 forsaker, w.,(of God) ninllah na'ai. 
 
 forswear, v.lr., dafir ; lie forswore 
 his religion, dintisi bu dafirai ; 
 w.i., (swear falsely) bein ku daro. 
 
 fort, fortification, n., 'alhad, — di. 
 
 forth, forward, ad., hor ; step — , 
 hor u so'o; bring — , bor u 
 ken, bor u la kalai, bor u la 
 so'o ; come — , so bah ; go — , 
 dibada n bah ; and so — , o 
 sida u wad. 
 
 fortify, v.tr., adkai, ital u yel, 
 gesinimo a yel. 
 
 fortitude, n., adkan, — ti, gesi- 
 nimo, — adi. 
 
 fortnight, n., afarr iyo tobnad, 
 — ki ; shan iyo tobnad, — ki, 
 
 fortune, «., ayan, — ^ki ; ill — , 
 ayan htuno, — adi; — teller, 
 tawila," — ihi. 
 
 forty, num., afarrtan, — ki. 
 
 forward, ad., hor, horai ; the man 
 who does not go — , goes back- 
 ward, ninki an horai u so'o- 
 nini, dibu u so'oda ; from this 
 time — , gortan inta ka dam- 
 baisa. 
 
 foul (see dirty). 
 
 foulness, n., doro, — adi. 
 
 found, v.tr., (establish) ka dis. 
 
 foundation, n., (basis) sal, — ki. 
 
 founder, v.i., (stumble as a horse) 
 
 turonturo ; v.tr., 'ataisi ; faras- 
 ka ha 'ataisin, do not founder 
 the horse. 
 
 fountain, n., ib, — ti, il, — shi. 
 
 four, num., afarr, — ti ; fourth, 
 afrad, — ki, — di. 
 
 fourteen, num., afarr iyo toban, 
 — ki ; fourteenth, afarr iyo 
 tobnad, — ki, — di. 
 
 fowl, n., doro, — adi, had, — di. 
 
 fox, n., dawa'o, — a 'adi ; male — , 
 dawa', — hi ; a kind of — , 
 golla waraba. 
 
 fracture, n., jabnin, — ti. 
 
 fragile, a., jUai'san. 
 
 fragility, n., jila' or jilai', — U'hi. 
 
 fragrance, n., udgon, — ki. 
 
 fragrant, a., udgon. 
 
 frame, n. The frame of a Somali 
 tent is composed of two udub 
 or kaballo of a dig doho, of 
 some digo, and of dig lola 
 crossing the digo. 
 
 frankincense, n., beyo, — adi. 
 
 fraternity, n., walalnimo, — adi. 
 
 fraud [see cheat). 
 
 free, a., furan; I am — , an iyo 
 naftaida, or aniga iyo naf- 
 taidu ; thou art — , adiga iyo 
 naftada ; he is — , isagi iyo 
 naftisi, or wa nin iyo nafti ; 
 v.tr., (set at liberty) sarrahi. 
 
 free-will, n., hushi, — gi, 
 
 freeze, v.tr. and v.i., baraf ka 
 
 dig ; cold freezes the water, 
 
 gabadanadu biyaha baraf bai 
 
 ■ ka digta ; water freezes, biyu- 
 
 hu baraf bai nohdan. 
 
 freight, »., mal, — ki; v.tr., (load a 
 ship) shehnad or shehmad. 
 
FEE 
 
 211 
 
 lUN 
 
 French, a., fransis, — ki, nin 
 fransisah. 
 
 frenzy, n., walli, — di. 
 
 fresh, a., lj.abow, ma'an, 'usub. 
 
 fret, v.tr., (wear away by rubbing) 
 ho^, ha^uh; v.L, (be angry) 
 'ado. 
 
 Friday, n., jima' or jimai', — i'M. 
 
 friend, n., abban, — ki, jal, — ki, 
 sahib, — ki, wehel, — ki ; be- 
 come — , abbanso, webesho. 
 
 fright, n., bahdin, — ti, 'absi, — di> 
 
 frighten, v.tr., 'absi, baji. 
 
 frightful, a., laga 'absado, laga 
 baho. 
 
 fringe, n., da'al, — ki, daraf, — ti, 
 sbash, — ki ; — of silk, farah, 
 —hi. 
 
 fro, ad. ; go to and — , hore iyo 
 dib u so'o, toss to and — , M. 
 
 frog, n., rah,rihhi (the frog). 
 
 from, prp., ka; go — him, ka 
 tag ; he comes — the jungle, 
 miyi bu ka so galaya or ka 
 imanaya ; — time to time I 
 take fever, gor ka gor da'anti 
 igii da'da ; — the creation of 
 the world, halki iyo malinti 
 dunida la umai ; — my child- 
 hood, halkiyo arumimadaidi ; 
 
 — top to toe, kugta ila sulka ; 
 do not speak — above, dusha 
 ha ka hadlin ; they brought it 
 
 — afar, mel fog ba laga kenai; 
 they caught him — amidst the 
 crowd, buhhi ba lugu deh 
 habtai ; they come — behind, 
 wa iga daba yimaden ; I hear 
 a voice — beneath, 'od ban 
 hosta ka mahlaya; — beyond. 
 
 mel ka shishaisai ; — whence 
 do you come? hagge bad ka 
 timid. 
 
 front, n., hor, — ti ; — to — , wa 
 iss hor jogan, or wa iss ega- 
 yan ; in — of, horta ; — tooth, 
 fol,— ki. 
 
 frontier, n., dal, — ki. 
 
 frost, n., gabadauo, — adi. 
 
 froth, v.i., dobi, hoh ; that camel 
 froths, aurkasi wa dobinaya 
 or wa hohaya; n., humbo, — 
 adi. 
 
 frown, v.i., jahha ururi, jahhiir. 
 
 fructify, v.i., mido yelo (yesha, 
 plur), so bah. 
 
 frugal, a., 'ir yar. 
 
 fruit, n., mid, — ki, hadab, — ki, 
 arah ; eat fruits, hadabaiso ; 
 a — eater, hadabaisato, — adi, 
 nin ^adabaisatoah ; a seeker 
 of fruits, arah douato, — adi. 
 
 fruitless, a., ma dalai, an dalin, 
 fayidala ; a fruitless labour, 
 haul fayida la. 
 
 frustrate {see disappoint). 
 
 fry, v.tr., shil, shilo ; fried, shi- 
 lan ; frying man, deriya shil, 
 — ki ; a woman . . . , sMlato, — 
 adi ; frying pan, dawa, — ihi. 
 
 fuel, n., habo, — adi. 
 
 fugitive, n., hof 'ararai, hof ka 
 bahsadai. 
 
 fulfil, v.tr., damai, shuhulkisi 
 damai. 
 
 fulfilment, w., damad, — ki. 
 
 fulgency, fulgor, n., dalal, — ki. 
 
 full, a., buha, buhai. 
 
 fun, n., kaftan, — ki. 
 
 funeral feast, n., ahan, — ki. 
 
 p 2 
 
FUN 
 
 212 
 
 GAS 
 
 funk, v.i., bah ; cause to — , baji. 
 
 funnel, n., masaf, — ki. 
 
 fur, n., yilih, — di, dogor, — ti. 
 
 furnace, «., milfo, — adi. 
 
 furniture, n., alabo, — adi. 
 
 further, ad., shishai ; go — , si 
 fogow ; the — side, gesta shi- 
 shai. 
 
 furthest, ad., ugu fog, ugu shi- 
 shai ; go to the — part of the 
 world, dunida halka ugu fog 
 tag. 
 
 furuncle, n., (ambury) dullah, — 
 hi, mal, mashi, ka so bah, — 
 ihi. 
 
 fury, n., 'ado, 'adadi (the ...). 
 
 future, re., kolka dambe, marka 
 dambe. 
 
 fy ! int., maga'ha be ! 
 
 G. 
 
 gabble, n., (loud talk) daudar, — 
 
 ki. 
 gad fly, re., dameira galib, — ki, 
 
 gebni, — gi, takar,— ti. 
 gag, v.tr., af dub ; gagging, n., af 
 
 dub, — ki. 
 gain, re., (profit) fayido, — adi, 
 
 helin, — ki, kordis, — ki, korod, 
 
 — ki, ma'ash. 
 gait, re., (manner of walking) ta- 
 
 labo, — adi. 
 galaxy, n., (milky way) wah ha- 
 
 bar,— ki. 
 gale, n., dabail, — shi. 
 
 gall, w., (bile) 'ameiti, — di ; (ran- 
 cour) ur humo, — adi, honsi- 
 
 mad, — ki. ' 
 gall, v.tr., (hurt by fretting the 
 
 skin) hoh, gomodi. 
 gallop, re., hardaf, — ki ; — at 
 
 full speed, ka'din, — ti, jeni 
 
 hor, — ki ; v.i., hardaf ; v.c, 
 
 &ardali. 
 gamble, v.i., hamar ; — with, la 
 
 hamar. 
 gambling, re., hamar, — ki. 
 game, re., 'ayar, — ti, jalbeb,— ti; 
 
 kind of — , kor u bodo, — adi, 
 
 shah, — di. 
 gangrene, «., hudai, — ihi. 
 gap, n., (deep, between two rocks) 
 
 bohol, — shi ; (an opening) di- 
 
 la', — hi ; — in the front teeth, 
 
 fanah, — hi. 
 gape, v.i., (yawn) afka kala had, 
 
 af ka kala hai. 
 gapins, n., af kala had, — ki, af 
 
 kala hais, — ki. 
 garden, re., beir, — ti, bustan, — 
 
 ki ; v.i., hagaf 
 gardener, re., hagaf, — ki, nin 
 
 beirta hagafaya. 
 gargle, gargarism, re., luhluhasho, 
 
 — adi ; — , gargarize, v.t?:, 
 
 luhluho. 
 garland, re., (for horses) sitah, — hi. 
 garlic, n., ton, — ^ti. 
 garment, «., dar, — ki ; skin — 
 
 for men, hair an, — ki ; — for 
 
 women, du, — gi. 
 gash, re., sarmo, — adi. 
 gasp, re., hamansi, — gi ; the last 
 
 — , hainansigi ugu dambai- 
 
 yai ; v.i., hamanso. 
 
GAT 
 
 213 
 
 GET 
 
 gate, n., albab, — ki, illin, — ki, 
 
 dah, — hi. 
 gather, v.tr., iss ku dar, ururi, 
 
 so ururi, iss u gei, kuriyai, 
 
 iss u ken, iss u gur ; v.i., iss 
 
 u urura, iss u taga ; the clouds 
 
 — , daruruhu iss u ururayan ; 
 
 they gathered together, wa iss 
 
 u ururen. 
 gathered, a., urursan, la iss u 
 
 gurai ; — fruits, mido la iss 
 
 u gurai. 
 gathering, n., ururis, — ki. 
 gaunt, a., (lean) weidsan, weida. 
 gay, a., nin farahah. 
 gaze, n., eg^mo, — adi ; v.i., (stare) 
 
 isha ku 'adai, indo ku tol. 
 gazelle, n., dero, — adi ; he — , 
 
 der, — ki ; Semmeringe's — , 
 
 'aul, — ^ki, — shi. 
 geld {see castrate), 
 gem, n., (precious stone) jokorad, 
 
 — di. 
 gender, w., (sort) 'ain, — ki, tol, 
 
 — ki. 
 genealogy, n., abtirsinyo, — yiH ; 
 
 give thy — , abtirso ; give a — , 
 
 abtiri. 
 generally, ad., asalba. 
 generate, v.tr., dal, yelo. 
 generation, n., dalasho, — adi. 
 generosity, n., dell, — di. 
 generous man, a., dehsi, — gi, nin 
 
 dehsiah, nasab, — ^ki, ron. 
 genital, a., hod, — di. 
 genitals, n., hodo, — dihi. 
 genius, n., (bad spirit) jini or 
 
 jinni,— gi. 
 gentile, n., (heathen) gal, — ki ; 
 
 the gentiles, galo, — adi. 
 
 gentle, a., habow. 
 
 gentleman, n., feawaja, — ihi, ser- 
 kal, — ki. 
 
 genuflexion, n., jilba jog, — gi. 
 
 get, v.tr., hel ; — your bread, 
 kibistada hogso ; — your par- 
 don, samhaddada weidiso ; — 
 a wife, nag dono ; — a cold, 
 dahan had ; — a place, shuhul 
 dono ; — an ill habit, dastur 
 hun baro ; — money of him, 
 la'ag hado ; he gets the praise 
 of all the world, isagu aman dad 
 dan bu lehyahai ; we must be 
 contented with such as we can 
 — , hadba wahainu lehnahai 
 an ku farahno ; he got a good 
 servant, hadan wanaksan bu 
 lehyahai; I could not — him 
 to come, ninki inu yimado ka 
 wahyai ; — it made, u samaisi, u 
 damaisi ; I will — a spear made 
 for you, waran dan wad iga 
 heli ; I got her to go, eriyai ; 
 
 — you gone, iss ka tag ; — 
 ready, diar ha ahato, diar 
 garai ; — yourself ready, diar 
 ahaw ; — more, iss ku tar ; 
 
 — abroad, dibada u so sar, 
 eri, war gei ; — the news, 
 warki wa la baranaya ; — 
 away, v.tr. ; — the boys away 
 from my room, ahalkaiga ina- 
 mada dibadda uga sar ; — the 
 box away, sanduhha la tag ; 
 -^ away, v.i., yur ! he gets 
 away, wa tagaya, wa si so- 
 'oda ; — yourself back, noho ; 
 
 — down, so deg ; — down 
 the stairs, salanka so deg ; — 
 
GET 
 
 214 
 
 GIV 
 
 down from, ka deg, ka so deg ; 
 
 — from, v.tr., ka so bihi, ka 
 had ; I could not — from him, 
 v.i., ka tegi kari wahai; — 
 in, v.tr., so geli ; — your 
 money in, la'agtada so geli ; 
 v.i., SO gal ; they got into Ber- 
 berah, Berberah galai ; — off, 
 
 — him off from jail, habsiga 
 ka SO sar ; he could not — 
 off, v.i., bahsan kari wah ; — 
 off from your horse, faraskaga 
 ka deg ; — out, v.tr., dibadda 
 u sar ; — out that naU, nrns- 
 markas ka so bihi ; — out, 
 v.i., dibadda tag,' dibadda u 
 bah ; — out from, ka so bah ; 
 
 — to the shore, hebta u deg ; 
 
 — to the top of the hill, burta 
 fihheda gad; — together all 
 the pieces, inaha o dan iss n 
 ken. ; — in that place, halkas 
 iss ugu gei ; — up, v.tr. ; — 
 up the wood, horiga had ; — 
 him up, ke'i, tosi; v.i., ka', 
 sara ka', so ka', tos ; it is time 
 to — up, wa gorti la ke'i jirai; 
 
 — up the stairs, sallanka kor ; 
 
 — up again, sallanka kor 
 misna ; — up again, v.i., ka' 
 misna ; — up to your father, 
 ka' abbaha u tag ; his rage 
 gets above your anger, 'adadisu 
 tada ka htm ; he gets before 
 him, isagii wa dnlmaraya ; he 
 gets well again, wa boksanaya 
 misna. 
 
 ghost, n., naf, — ti, ruh,— hi. 
 Holy Ghost, the, w., ruhha ho- 
 duskaah. 
 
 giant, n., ran. der, ninki dera 
 
 (the ...), torog,— gi. 
 giddiness, n., warer, — ^ki, madah 
 
 warer, — ki ; be troubled with 
 
 — , v.i., warer ; v.c, wareri, 
 
 madah wareri. 
 giddy, a., warersan. 
 gift, n., hadiad, — di, sin, — ^ti; 
 
 — by will, ahan, — ^ki ; first — 
 before the marriage, gabati, — 
 gi; the second — ..., yarad, 
 — ki. 
 
 gild, v.tr., (cover with gold) biyo 
 
 dahabah mari. 
 gimlet, n., (awl) kaba tola or to- 
 
 lai, — ihi. 
 ginger, n., sinjibil, — shi. 
 gingerly, ad.; go gingerly ,_ gad. 
 gingerness, n., gadnin, — ti. 
 giobberti, n., (sweeper) har gur, 
 
 — ki. 
 giraffe, n., gerri, — gi, halgerri, 
 
 — di. 
 gird, v.tr., (bind round) gunti ; 
 
 v.r., gunto, snnka Mdo. 
 girdle, n., sun, — ki, bohor, — ki, 
 
 gunti,— gi. 
 girl, n., gabad, — di, inan, — ti, 
 
 ugub, — ^ti ; girls in general, 
 
 hablo, — ihi, ugubod, — ki. 
 girth, n., (strap for a saddle) we- 
 
 gered, — ki. 
 give, v.tr., si, u dib, bihi ; — 
 
 him the lie, ninka beini ; — 
 
 thanks, mahadi, mahad u nah; 
 
 — answer, jawab, u 'eli ; — 
 to everyone his due, nin walba 
 wihhisa si, or wuhhu lehya- 
 hai si ; — evidence, marhati 
 ku for ; — a good and faithful 
 
GIV 
 
 215 
 
 GNA 
 
 account, hisab wanaksan o 
 aminah. si ; God gives me grace 
 so to do, Ilahhai ba i la ha- 
 banaya, or Ilahhai hair i siyai 
 inan sida ku yelo ; I gave him 
 credit, wan rumaistai ; — the 
 oath, daro ; — trouble, dali ; 
 the boys — me trouble, arurtu 
 "wa i dalisa ; — hopes, la bal- 
 lan ; — a call, yed, ha'ili ; — 
 a guess, malai, garo ; — joy, 
 war, kaga badbadi or badba- 
 dadi ; — leave, fasah ; — 
 judgment, hukum ; — ground, 
 durug, ka durug ; — place, u 
 banai, ka bai'd ; — ; notice, 
 dignia dir, ogaisi; — heed, 
 iss ka eg, ilali, ogow; — 
 challenge, dandanso ; — to 
 suck, nuji ; — a look, so arag ; 
 I gave way to his wise proposal, 
 tranadisi fi'anaid ban degais- 
 tai ; he gave way to melan- 
 choly, iss hulbiyai ; the ground 
 gave way under my feet, 
 amuddi 'agtaida hosteda ka 
 diistai ; — away, na' ; he gives 
 all away, wa wada na'aya 
 gidi ; I gave up my money 
 for lost, la'agtaida wan ka 
 samra ; they gave him up for 
 dead, ka hustai ; — back 
 again, 'eli, so 'eli, u 'eli, dib 
 u si ; ^ — into his mind, tala- 
 disa ra' ; — for, dafi ; do not 
 — , ka 'esho, u did ; — off, 
 — out, — over, iss ka da, 
 na'. 
 giver, n., basha, — ihi, diba, — ihi, 
 dehsi, — gi, siya,— yihi. 
 
 giving, n., dibnin, — ti, dibasho, 
 
 — adi. 
 gizzard, n., bog, — gi. 
 glad, (2., badadan, badadsan; be 
 
 — , badadsanaw, iss ka rai, 
 
 rairai. 
 glaire, n., hako, — adi. 
 glance, «., dai'mo, — adi, egmo, 
 
 — adi. 
 glass, n., galas, — ki. 
 gleam, n., (phosphorescent) gala- 
 
 bildan or garabildan, — ki. 
 glean, v.t?:, gur. 
 gleet, n., (venereal disease) jabti, 
 
 — di. 
 glisten, glister, glitter, v.i., dalal. 
 globe, n., kuriyaisnan, — ti. 
 gloom, n., wahan, — ki, hidub, — 
 
 ki; v.i., (be sad) wahan, hu- 
 
 lub. 
 gloomy, a., hulubsan ; be — , 
 
 ^ulubsanaw. 
 glorify, v.tr., aman ; — yourself, 
 
 bu. 
 glory, n., aman, — ti. 
 glow, n., (shining heat) olol, — ^ki ; 
 
 v.i., olol ; glowing irons, bir 
 
 ololaisa. 
 glue, n., habag, — ti ; v.tr., ku 
 
 nab. 
 glutton, n., 'anda der, — ^ki, hun- 
 
 guri wein, 'ir wein. 
 gluttony, n., hunguri weinan, — 
 
 ti, 'ir weinan, — ^ti. 
 gnash, v.i., jirihso; v.c, kaga 
 
 gnashing, n., jirihsi, — gi, 
 
 gnat, n., kane'o, — adi, dnnyalai, 
 
 — ihi. 
 gnaw, v.tr., feno, fenfeno, rug. 
 
GNA 
 
 216 
 
 GO 
 
 gnawing, «., fenfenasho, — adi, 
 fenfenad, — ^ki. 
 
 go, v.i., tag, so'o, baid ; — to- 
 gether, iss ra'a ; let us — to- 
 gether, an iss ra'auo ; I cannot 
 — , ma tegi karo ; he is gone, 
 teg ; they are gone, tagai ; • — 
 that way, hagga' u ka', dauga 
 habso ; — on foot, lug ku 
 so'o ; he has gone a journey, 
 wa sod'alai ; how goes your 
 health ? afimadkaga ka war- 
 ran ? so the world goes, dunida 
 sidasah, or diinidu wa sida; 
 how — your concerns ? iss ka 
 warran ? so the report goes, 
 warku wa sida ; he went un- 
 punished, hasirad laan bu ku 
 tagai ; let — , si da ; let — the 
 anchor, barosinka si da; — 
 about, wareg so wareg, so war- 
 wareg ; — about the world, 
 dunida so wareg ; I shall — 
 about it, wan kaga haban ; 
 — about your business, orod 
 sbuhulkaga habso ; such a re- 
 port goes abroad, warkas mel 
 walba gadaya or ka bahaya ; 
 thou art able to — against him, 
 ninka wa iss ka 'adadin karta 
 or wa habili karta ; — along, 
 mar ; — along the house, 
 ahalka daf, or ahalka hor 
 mar ; — along with ..., ninka 
 si ra' ; he goes aside, ges bu u 
 baidaya, or dauga hun bu 
 habsanaya ; he goes astray, 
 wa iss haliainaya ; they — 
 asunder, wa kala so'odan or 
 so'onayan ; — away, tag, iss 
 
 ka tag, iss ka bah, gur, ina 
 kala wad ; he went away with 
 a thing, wah bu la tagai ; — 
 back, noho ; — back with, la 
 noho ; he goes back from his 
 word, hadalkisi bu asararaya 
 or dafiraya ; — backward, dib 
 u noho, dib u so'o ; — before, 
 hor so'o, hor u mar, ka horai 
 
 — behind, dambai, ka dambai 
 
 — between, deh gal ; I went 
 between them, anigu wa deh 
 galai ; — beyond, ka shishai'; 
 
 — beyond the hill, burta shi- 
 shadeda mar ; they went be- 
 yond my hopes, intan sugayai 
 yai i dulmartai; — by, ag 
 mar ; I will see the prisoners 
 
 — by, mahabisti o i ag ma- 
 raisa arki dona ; the time goes 
 by, gortu dahso u so'onaisa; 
 the wind goes contrary to us, 
 dabaishi ba ina haisa ; — 
 down, hosta u deg, hosta tag, 
 u daf ; — down the stairs, 
 sallanka si mar, sallanka ka 
 so deg ; — down again, deg 
 mar kaleh ; no meat will — 
 down with him, midna or 
 wahba ka degi mayo ; the 
 sun goes down, horahdi wa 
 da'aisa ; — first, horai, hor u 
 so'o, si tag, si so'o ; — for, u 
 ka' ; — for help, hai'la gei, or 
 ma'awinad u ka' ; — for the 
 governor, serkalka don or u 
 yed ; he goes for a robber, tug 
 ba la moda ; that goes for 
 nothing, wahba ku ma flla; 
 he went forth, tamashlai teg ; 
 
GO 
 
 217 
 
 GOO 
 
 the news went forth yesterday, 
 shala lugu warramai ; he went 
 forth last week, todobadki bu 
 flashai ; — forward, horo n 
 wad. ; he goes forward in learn- 
 ing, barashadisi wa wadanaya ; 
 
 — from, ka tag ; he goes from 
 the service (work), shuhulki 
 bu ka tagaya ; — in, gal, u 
 daf ; — near, u duTUg, ag tag, 
 u dowai ; I went near to be 
 devoured, in la igu liho ban u 
 dowadai ; he went off yester- 
 day, shalai bu dintai; these 
 goods will never — off, hola- 
 hasi kolleli ibsami mayan ; 
 hear the great guns — off, ma- 
 hal ! madafi'adi la rid ; — on, 
 so'o, wad; he goes on an em- 
 bassy, ergu u ka'aya ; — on 
 your way, dantada ra' ; — on 
 board the ship, markabka fal ; 
 
 — on as you have begun, sidad 
 ugaga habatai u wad; how 
 does your business — on 1 
 danta or bausha ka warran ? 
 
 — over the river, durdurka ka 
 talab ; he goes out of the way, 
 daugi bu ka baidaya, daugi 
 an tosnain bu maraya ; the 
 fire goes out, dabki wa bahti- 
 yaya ; — through the crowd, 
 buhha deh mar ; he went 
 through many dangers, 'absi 
 badan bu si deh marai ; — 
 through the town, magalada 
 hul or so hul ; — round, her, 
 iner, so mer, ku so wareg, 
 meraiso ; make him — round, 
 meri, mermeri ; — to, tag, u 
 
 tag, u bah, gad, u ka', u so'o; 
 — to Bulahar, Bulahar habo ; 
 I shall not — to that price, 
 gana'da gadi mayo ; — up, 
 sarai u bah, dusha tag; — 
 up and down, dul iyo bos ba 
 mar ; — upon him, amin ; — 
 with, ra'. 
 
 goat, n., riyo, — ihi (gen. name) ; 
 a he — , orgi, — gi ; a she — , 
 ri, — di. 
 
 gob, M., (small quantity of food) 
 antugo, — adi. 
 
 God, «., ebba or ebbai, — ihi, 
 ilah, Allah, webel, — ki, rabbi, 
 — gi, lilah, — hi ; — bless you, 
 hair Allah ha ku siyo ; — 
 save you, Ilahhai ha ku sa- 
 halo ; thanks to — , mahad 
 Allah ; he makes a' — of his 
 belly, 'aloshisi bu Ebba ka 
 digaya ; — willing, I shall 
 come back next week, hadi 
 Allah idmo todobadka dam- 
 ban so nohon ; — helping, 
 badi Ilah i gargaro, or hadi 
 Ilahhai i la habto ; — forbid ! 
 — ■ avert ! Ilahhow naga hai ! 
 Ilabbow ba no kenin ! 
 
 Godsend, n., 'awo, — adi. 
 
 goggle, v.i, indaba ashhar ; — 
 eyed, ashharah, ashhar, — ki. 
 
 going, «., tegnin, — ^ki. 
 
 gold, n., dahab, — ki. 
 
 goldsmith, w., sayah, — hi. 
 
 gonorrhoea, «., jabti, — di. 
 
 good, a., wanaksan, fi'an, ron, 
 tolmon, wa'an, san, ad ; be — , 
 wanaksanaw, tolmonow, ro- 
 naw, fi'anaw, samo ; be — , 
 
GOO 
 
 218 
 
 GRI 
 
 v.c, ronaw, tolmonai, wanaji, 
 
 hagaji ; depart from evil and 
 
 do — , wahha hun ka durug, 
 
 wah san fal ; for your — , 
 
 awada, daradda. 
 good bye ! int., amana Allah. 
 goodness, n., wanag, — gi, tolimo, 
 
 — adi. 
 goods, n., alabo, — adi, holo, — 
 
 iM, saman, — ^ki. 
 goose, M., badag, — gi. 
 gospel, «., injil, — ki. 
 gourd, «., dubbo, — IM, ubo, — 
 
 adi. 
 govern, v.tr., hukum. 
 government, n., hukum, — ki, ser- 
 
 kal, — ki. 
 governor, n., hakin, — ki, serkal 
 
 sarrai. 
 grace, n., karamad, — di. 
 grain, n., inin, — ti, messego, — 
 
 adi. 
 grammar, «., uahwi, — gi. 
 grandfather, n., awowor awowai, 
 
 — iM. This word is also used 
 
 for grandson and daughter, 
 grandmother, »., ayaiyo, — adi, 
 
 muhuyo or muhayo, — adi. 
 
 Also used for grandson and 
 
 daughter, 
 grant, n., dibnin, — ti. 
 grape, «., 'armo, — adi. 
 grasp, n., habasho, — adi ; v.tr., 
 
 (hold in the hand) heji, habso. 
 grass, n., gedo, — ihi, 'aus, — ^ki, 
 
 dihi, — di, daremo, — adi, dog, 
 
 — ti, — gi. 
 grateful, a., abalgudah ; he — , 
 
 abal u hab, u abalgud, abal- 
 
 mari. 
 
 gratefulness, gratitude, n., abal, 
 
 — ki. 
 grave, «., habal, — shi, habri, — 
 
 gi- 
 gravel, w., hururoh, — hi. 
 
 gravy, n., (juice) da'an or de'an, 
 — ^ki. 
 
 gray, grey, a., 'irroleh ; — heard 
 and hair, n., 'irro, — di ; — 
 horse, ma'idal, — ki; whitish 
 — horse, 'ainab, — ki. 
 
 graze, v.tr., dahgei, daji, barhi ; 
 take to — , fofi, so fofi ; — the 
 horses at night, so mirr ; v.i., 
 dah. 
 
 grazing, n., dahnin, — ki, — ti, 
 mirr, — ki, — ti. 
 
 grease, n., suba'g, — gi, dufan, — 
 ki, haid, — di, huko, — adi, 
 badi,— di. 
 
 great, a., der, wein ; a — city, 
 magalo baUadan ; a — multi- 
 tude, rag badan ; a — wind, 
 dabail wein ; a — deal, wah 
 badan ; be — , weinow ; make 
 — , weinai, so weinai ; greater, 
 ka wein ; greatest, ka wada, 
 or ugu wein. 
 
 greatness, n., weinan, — ti ; — of 
 God, amar,— ki. 
 
 greedy {see glutton and gluttony). 
 
 green, a., owlaled ; — trees and 
 grass, magol, — ^ki. 
 
 greet, v.tr., (salute) baridi, salam. 
 
 grey {see gray). 
 
 gridiron, n., (stick used instead of) 
 solai, — gi. 
 
 grief, n., weirweir, — ki, human, 
 — ti, hulub, — ki, sile'i, i'hi. 
 
 grieve, v.tr., ka hulbi, weirweri; 
 
GEI 
 
 219 
 
 GRU 
 
 that grieves me, wahliasi wa 
 iga hulbinaya ; v.i., hulub, 
 weirweir. 
 
 grill, v.tr., (broil) sol, dub. 
 
 grind, v.tr., budli, tun, rahad. 
 
 grindstone, w., lissin, — ki/ 
 
 groan, v.i., tab. 
 
 groaning, n., tab, — bi. 
 
 groin, n., sar'an, — ti. 
 
 groom, n., farasjir, — ki. 
 
 gross, a., (thick) halafsan. 
 
 ground, n., dul,— ki, 'arro, — adi; 
 what — have you for believing 
 that 1 inad wahba ku rumai- 
 satid sal mad u baisata ? it is 
 the — I went upon, wa ka 
 salki au ku fadistai; I did 
 not send him away without — , 
 aniga gar darro ku ma eriyin; 
 rising — , gumbur, — ^ti, bur, 
 — ^ti ; — *vork, sal, — ki ; — 
 rent, ardiad, — ki. 
 
 grow, v.i., bah, so bah ; the 
 grass grows, geduhuwa'bahan; 
 that boy grows bigger every 
 day, inau^asi malin walba 
 wa koraya ; — in grace, kara- 
 mad ku kor ; I shall — here, 
 if I stay longer, halkan wan 
 ku kori, hadi an si jogo or 
 fadiyo or hadi an ku si rago ; 
 the tree grows again, gedku wa 
 si bahaya ; he grows better, 
 wa si wanaksanaya, or wil 
 wanaksan bu nobonaya ; he 
 grows big, wa koraya ; he 
 grows childish, wa arurow- 
 baya ; the water grows cold, 
 biyuhu wa habowbayan ; the 
 rice grows dear, baris ku wa 
 
 gana' adkanaya; I — easy, 
 haulyari ban haba ; that boy 
 grows fat in flesh, inankasi wa 
 shishlanaya ; that small girl 
 grows handsome, gabadda yari 
 wa huroh badnanaisa ; he 
 grows lazy, 'ajis bu nohonaya ; 
 it grows late, wa ragaisa ; he 
 grows lean, wa weidowbaya ; 
 the money grows less, la'agti 
 wa dinmaisa ; you — old, wa 
 gabowbaisa ; we — poor, wa 
 dagagowbaina ; that man 
 grows rich, ninkasi bodanow- 
 baya ; that boil grows ripe, 
 dullahhasi wa bislanaya ; the 
 days — short, dararubu wa 
 dinmayan ; — long, wa dera- 
 nayau ; that boy grows sleepy, 
 wilkasi wa lulonaya; he grows 
 stupid, dohon bu nohonaya, or 
 wa dohonowbaya, or doho- 
 minu ku koraya ; he grows 
 strong, wa hogaisanaya or 
 italaisanaya ; the lion grows 
 tame, libahhu af yahan bu 
 nohonaya ; he grows ugly, wil- 
 ki wa fol humanaya ; I — 
 weary with the boys, inamada 
 wa ku dalaya ; he grows well, 
 wa buksanaya ; the fire goes 
 out, 5gti wa bahaisa ; that 
 cloth goes out of use, darkasi 
 wa idlanaisa ; — up, bah. 
 
 growing, «., korrin, — ki. 
 
 growl, v.i., olol ; the camel growls, 
 gelu wa olala. 
 
 grub, v.tr., (dig up) hod o so rid. 
 
 grudge, «., 'ollad, — di. 
 
 grumble, v.i., (gruntle) gunus. 
 
GEU 
 
 220 
 
 HAM 
 
 grumbling, n., (grunt) gimus, — 
 
 ki. 
 grunting, n., (of a camel) 'abad, 
 
 — ki. 
 guard, «., kor jir, — ki, kor jog, 
 
 — gi, ilalo, — adi; v.tr., ilali, 
 
 guess, «., (conjecture) malais, — 
 ki ; v.tr., malai, garo. 
 
 guest, «., abban, — ki, marti, — di. 
 
 guide, n., abban, — ki, jid yahan. 
 
 guile [see cheat). 
 
 guilt, n., hujad, — di, tahsir, — ti, 
 
 guilty, a.,' gar darran, hujadleh, 
 hujad wein, tahsir leb. 
 
 guinea fowl, n., digirin, — ki, di- 
 girin 'as, digirin madow, — ki 
 madowbai. 
 
 gullet, n., (the food pipe) hun- 
 guri madow, — gi. 
 
 gully, v.i., fahfahso. 
 
 gulp, n., 'antugo, — adi ; v.tr., 
 (swallow eagerly) 'antug. 
 
 gum, n., (the hard, fleshy sub- 
 stance covering the jaws and 
 investing the teeth) hirid, — ki; 
 (the vegetable secretion of trees 
 and plants) habag, — ^ti ; black 
 — , bahbah, — ^hi ; a kind of — , 
 hanjo, — adi; liquid — , duh- 
 sin, — ti ; take the liquid — , 
 duhso ; a — tree, mudayo or 
 murayo, — adi. 
 
 gun, n., bnnduh, — hi ; — powder, 
 barud, — di. 
 
 gush, gushing, n., hautan, — ki. 
 
 gush, v.i., (flow out) hautan ; 
 the blood gushed from my 
 wound, diggi nabarki ka 
 hautamai. 
 
 gust, n., (taste) dadan, — ^ki ; (a 
 blast) seso, sisa, sigo, — adi. 
 
 gut, «., uslaho, — adi ; the small 
 — , mindi'ir, — ki ; the great 
 — , gana', — ihi, habsin, — ki; 
 v.tr., (to eviscerate) doh. 
 
 H. 
 
 habit, habitude, n., dastur, — ti ; 
 
 (dress) dar, — ki. 
 habitation, n., fadi, — gi, rug, — 
 
 ti. 
 haft, n., (a handle) dab, — ki ; 
 
 v.tr., dabka ku deji. 
 hail, n., (frozen rain) dagah rob, 
 
 robka dagihisi (the ); 
 
 (health !) salam ! — to you ! 
 
 salam alekum ! war afimad ! 
 hair, n., tin, — ki, timo, — ihi ; 
 
 — of animals, dogor, — ti ; — 
 
 of the tail, gamello, — adi. 
 half (I), n., bad, — ki, jeh ; (part) 
 
 go, — hi ; — a glass, a pot, 
 
 mugi. 
 halloo ! int., 'ar ! 'ar ! war ! war 
 
 hoi! ... 
 hallow, v.tr., (make holy) hodus 
 
 u samai, hodus ka dig ; be 
 
 hallowed, samo. 
 halt, n., (a stop during a march) 
 
 jog,— gi; «;./?■., jog, jogso ; — 
 
 at night, hoio. 
 halter, n., (of a camel) hogan, — 
 
 ki ; (of a horse) jarrai, — ihi, 
 
 shakamad, — di. 
 hamlet, n., bulal, — shi. 
 
HAM 
 
 221 
 
 HEA 
 
 hammer, n., dubbai, — iM. 
 
 hand, n., ga'an, — ^ti; the right 
 — , midigta ; the left — , bi- 
 dehda ; he has a — in it, ga'an 
 bu ku la jira ; ray — is in, 
 ga'an ban ku la jira ; my — 
 is out, ga'an ku la ma jiro ; 
 he is my right — , wa ga'an- 
 taida midig ; the two men go 
 
 — in — , labada nin wa iss 
 ku ga'an; — writing, far, — 
 ti. 
 
 hand, v.tr., (give) u dib ; you 
 handle the oar well, sebka ad 
 bad u wadda. 
 
 hand-barrow, n., rarab, — ^ti. 
 
 handful, «., hantobo, — adi. 
 
 handkerchief, n., masar,— ki. 
 
 handle, n., dab, — ki. 
 
 handsome, a., huroh badan, or 
 huroh wanaksau, bahsau, 
 shuban. 
 
 hang, v.tr., deldel, alah ; v.i., (be 
 suspended) lalad, ka lalad. 
 
 happen, v.i., noho ; it happens, 
 wahai nohota ; so it happened, 
 sidasai nohotai. 
 
 happy, a., badadsan, rahaisan, 
 ayan leh. 
 
 happiness, n., raho, — adi, far- 
 had, — di, badad, — ki. 
 
 harbour, «., deked, — di. 
 
 iard, a., adag, hog badan, kulul ; 
 
 — working men have — skins, 
 nimanka shuhiyintaihi wa 
 dub adag yihin ; ad., it grows 
 — , wa adkanaisa ; strike him 
 — , si adag ugu dufo ; the 
 wind blows — , dabaishu ad 
 bai u da'aisa. 
 
 harden, v.tr., (make hard) adkai. 
 hardness, n., adkan, — ^ti. 
 hard-hearted (man), a., nin 'alol 
 adag, ninki 'alosha adka (the 
 
 hard-working (man), n., dibtan, 
 
 — ki. 
 hare, n., bakaila, — ihi ; — lipped 
 
 man, nin faruran. 
 harlot, n., dillo, — adi. 
 harem, n., dumar, — ki. 
 hark ! int., mahal ! degaiso ! 
 harm, n., wah yello, — adi; v.tr., 
 
 u humai, hon yel. 
 harness, n., hensai, — sihi. 
 harsh, a., bun. 
 hartebrest, n., (cow antelope) si'g, 
 
 — gi- 
 
 haste ! (be quick !), dahso ! 
 
 hasten, v.i., dahso, degdeg. 
 
 hat, n., kofiad, — di. 
 
 hate, hatred, n., ne'ban, — tij 
 
 feeling of — , ur ku talo, — adi. 
 hate, v.tr., na', ne'baw. 
 haughtiness, n., amar, — ki, amar 
 
 weinan, — ti. 
 haughty, a., amarsan, amar 
 
 wein. 
 haunch, n., missig, — ti, sin, — ti. 
 have, v.tr., hai, haiso, hab. 
 hawk, n., hadka adag, — ^^ti ; 
 
 species of — , bahalya, — yiM. 
 hay, «., gedo,— -ihi, 'aus,— ki. 
 hazard, n., nasib, — ^ki. 
 haze, haziness, n., shuh, — M, 
 
 shululu' ; the sky is hazy, 
 
 'irku wa shululu'aya. 
 he, prn., isagu, wu, bu, yu. 
 head, n., madah, — hi; — ache, 
 I madah hanun, — ki ; the — of 
 
HEA 
 
 222 
 
 HID 
 
 the bed, sarrirta madahheda ; 
 
 be the — , u madahahaw. 
 heal, v.tr., buksi, u buksi or 
 
 boksi ; be healed, bukso. 
 healing, «., boksls, — ki, boksin, 
 
 — ti. 
 health, n., afimad, — di. 
 healthy, a., nin afimad haba, 
 
 ninki afimadka habai. 
 heap, «., tul, — ki, rasais, — ki; 
 
 v.tr., tul, rasai, mos. 
 heapy, a., tulau, rasaisan. 
 hear, v.tr. and v.i., degaiso, ma- 
 
 hal, abbal, ka ahbal ; v.c., 
 
 mahasM. 
 hearing, n., mabal, — ki. 
 heart, n., wadna or wadnai, — ^ihi, 
 
 halbi, — gi, 'alol, — shi. 
 hard-hearted man, «., mudal, — 
 
 ki. 
 heartless, a., wadnala. 
 hearten, v.tr., (animate) gesinimo 
 
 uyel. 
 hearth, n., mufo, — adi. 
 heat, n., bur, — ki, kul, — ki ; 
 
 v.tr., (make warm) kulnlai. 
 heathen, n., (gentiles) galo, — adi. 
 heave, v.tr., (lift up) sarai u had, 
 
 lal ; v.i., (pant) ninrag. 
 heaven, n., janno, — adi, 'ir, — ki. 
 heavy, a., 'ulus, 'usla. 
 heaviness, n., 'ulais, — ki, 'ulus- 
 
 nimo, — adi. 
 hedge, n., od, — di. 
 hedge-hog, n., hidig, — ti. 
 heed, n., fojigan, — ti. 
 heel, «., 'idib, — ti. 
 heifer, n., halia, — ti, weU, — shi. 
 height, n., derer, — ki. 
 heighten, v.tr., derai, dereri. 
 
 heir, n., nin dahalah, ninki da- 
 
 balka aha (the ...). 
 hell, n., 'adab, — ti, nar, — ^ti; — 
 
 fire, dab 'adabed, dab nared. 
 helm, n., shukan, — ti. 
 help, n., 'awin, — ti, 'awimad, — 
 
 di, gargar,— ki, hil, — ki ; 
 
 v.tr., la 'awi, 'awin, gargar, 
 
 u hili, la habo ; God — you, 
 
 Ebbahai ha ka 'awino ; it is a 
 
 thing we cannot — , wa wa- 
 
 hainan iss ka karain ; go for 
 
 — , hailo, haila gei, ma 'awi- 
 
 nad u ka'. 
 helper, n., 'awis, — ki, hiUya, — 
 
 yiM, 'idan, — ki. 
 hem, n., damr, — ki, serji, — gi. 
 hemorrhage, n., diggi hawtankisi. 
 hen, n., digaga, — di, luki, — di, 
 
 tujad or tijad, — ki. 
 henceforth, henceforward, ad., 
 
 manta dabaded. 
 her (see Grammar), 
 herb, n., ged, — ki. 
 herd (see flock), 
 here, ad., haggan, halkan, me- 
 
 shan. 
 hereafter, ad., aminka dabadded, 
 
 badda ka dambow. 
 heritage, n., dahal, — ki. 
 hermit (see eremite), 
 hero, n., nin diran; be a — , di- 
 
 ranaw. 
 herpes, n., (tetters) 'ambar, — ^ti. 
 hesitate, v.i., ka jog. 
 hiccough, n., higgo, — adi, 
 hide, n., (skin) • harag, — gi; — 
 
 of camels, mera, — ^ihi ; — of 
 
 neat cattle, san, — ti ; — of 
 
 antelope, idin, — ti. 
 
HID 
 
 223 
 
 HON 
 
 hide, v.tr., (conceal) dumi, hari, 
 
 harsp ; v.r., dumo, iss hari. 
 hidden, a., harson. 
 hiding, w,, dumasho, — adi, haris, 
 
 — ^ki; — place, mel harson, 
 
 meshi harsonaid. 
 high, a., der; — water, baddi 
 
 wa buhda. 
 highwayman, n., layan, — ki. 
 hill, w., bur yar, — ti —aid, ka- 
 
 rin, — ti, kur, — ti, kurun, — ti, 
 
 mos, — ki ; v.tr., (heap up) 
 
 mos. 
 hilt, «., dab, — ki. 
 hind, n., (part of the arm) 'udud, 
 
 — di; — leg, lug,— ti. 
 hinder, v.tr., u did ; you — me, 
 
 wahtigaigi ba i didaisa. 
 hinge, n., (of a door) kelbad, — 
 
 di. 
 hint, n., (signal) bah, — hi. 
 hip, M., (haunch) sin, — ti. 
 hippopotamus, n., jer, — ki. 
 hire, »., kiro, — afi; v.tr., kirai. 
 his {see Grammar), 
 hiss, n., fori, — di ; v.tr. and v.i., 
 
 fori, u fori. 
 history, n., sheko, — adi ; tell a 
 
 — , shekai, sheko u mari. 
 hit, «., (strike) nabar, — ki. 
 hit, v.tr., ku dufo ; — the mark, 
 • la dugo, la togo. 
 hither, ad., halkan; hitherto, ila 
 
 halkan. 
 hive, «., (cell of bees) dahb, — ki ; 
 
 empty — , dahb madan ; full 
 
 — , dahb buha. 
 ho ! hoa ! int., war hoi ! na hoi ! 
 hoarse, a., habeibsan. 
 hobble, v.i., (go lamely) duti. 
 
 hoe, n., (an instrument) magara- 
 fad, — di. 
 
 hog, wart hog, n., dofar, — ^ki. 
 
 hoist, v.tr., (raise up on high) 
 dofi. 
 
 hold, »., habasho, — adi ; — of a 
 ship, hani, — gi ; he let go his 
 — , ninku wa deinaya ; get — , 
 habso ; they could not take — 
 of his words, hadalkisi hejin 
 kari wahyai. 
 
 hold, v.tr., (keep in the hand) ho, 
 heji, habo ; — him fast, ad u 
 heji ; he held the dagger to his 
 throat, isaga o bilawM horta 
 kaga haya ; I — him but a 
 fool, ana haya hof wallan ban 
 se u ahan ; v.i., (stand, adhere) 
 ku deg ; — up, sarrai u tag ; 
 — in false security, dag. 
 
 hole, n., boran, — ti, dalol, — ki, 
 god,— ki, hog,— gi, galsho,— 
 adi. 
 
 hohday, «., ayan, — ti. 
 
 holiness, n., hodus, — ki. 
 
 holla! int., war! na! war ya! 
 war hoi ! na hoi ! war ya hoi ! 
 
 hollow, n., (a cavity) bohol, — shi ; 
 a., madan. 
 
 holy, a., hodusah. 
 
 homage {see honour). 
 
 home, n., ahalka, guri, — gi ; go 
 — , ahalka habo, hoio. 
 
 homicide, ».', £l, — ki. 
 
 homily, n., hadis, — ki. 
 
 honest, a., amin, — ki, anunah; 
 be — , aminahaw. 
 
 honesty, «., aminimo, — adi. 
 
 honey, n., malab, — ki ; — comb, 
 dahb, — ki. 
 
HON 
 
 224 
 
 HOW 
 
 honour, ra., mamus, — ^ki, — ti, 
 murwad,— di ; v.tr., mamus, 
 murwad, murwai. 
 
 hoof, n., (of camels) gomod, — di ; 
 (of horses, asses, oxen ...) 
 hob, — ki; (of goats or sheep) 
 hanjaful, raf, — ki. 
 
 hook, «., (wooden one) hangol, — 
 ki ; a fishing — , jilib or jilab, 
 — ki. 
 
 hoop, «., giringir, — ti. 
 
 hoopoe, «., gulai, — di. 
 
 hoot, n., (clamour) ^ailo, — adi, 
 buh, — hi. 
 
 hop, ».«., (jump) bod. 
 
 hop! hop! mi., ayai! ayai! 
 
 hope, n., sugnin, — ti ; my — 
 is in God alone, sugnintaidu 
 Ilahhai keliah ku tal; v.tr., 
 sug ; I — in God, Ilahhai ban 
 sugaya. 
 
 horizon, n., mesha 'irka iyo dul- 
 ku i$s ka hayan or iss kaga 
 yalin or iss ka kala hayan. 
 
 horn, n., ges, — ki, gesas, — ki, or 
 geso, — ihi (plur.). 
 
 hornet, «., (male bee) imir, — ki. 
 
 horror, n., nahadin, — ti ; the — 
 of hell, narta nahadinteda. 
 
 horse, «., faras, — ki, fardo, — ihi ; 
 male — , sanga or sangai, — 
 ihi ; (stallion) korma or kor- 
 mai,— ihi, or faras hod habah ; 
 herd of horses, fadifardaah; 
 white — , hai, — gi ; red — , 
 ashkar, or ashkir, — ki ; black 
 — , tukai, — ihi ; chestnut — , 
 hamar, — ki; grey — , maidal, 
 — ki ; whitish-grey ■^, a'inab, 
 — ki ; — back, adah, — di ; — 
 
 croup, fan, — ki ; — boy, sebi- 
 yan, — ki ; — dealer, faras jir, 
 — ^ki ; — shoe, na'al, — ki ; — 
 tail, hanan, — ti. 
 hospitable, a., dehsiah, dehsi, — 
 
 gi. 
 
 hospitality, n., soryo, — adi ; keep 
 
 — , soryai. 
 host, n., abban, — ki, ninki i sor- 
 
 yaiyai. 
 hot, a., kulul, kulail, hiir wein ; 
 
 cause to be — , huri ; feeling 
 
 — , hursan; — sand, raran, 
 
 — ki. 
 hotel, re., hudel, — ki. 
 hour, n., sa'ad, — di ; half an — , 
 
 sa'ad badked ; a quarter of an 
 
 — , sa'ad wahded. 
 house, n., ahal, — ki ; stone — , 
 
 dar, — ti; wooden— ,gembissa, 
 
 — di; coffee — , mahayad, — 
 
 di ; public — , dukan, — ki ; 
 
 — front, ahal horti, 
 
 hovel, n., (shed) wab, — ti, bul, 
 
 — ki. 
 how? ad., side? — do you do? 
 
 sidad tahai ? iss ka warran ? 
 
 — goes the world 1 dunida ka 
 warran ? he gave us an account 
 
 — it was, sidai ahaid yu noga 
 warramai ; you see — I love 
 you, wad arkaisa sidan ku 
 ja'lahai ; — many fools there 
 are in the world ! imisa wah 
 wallan dunida joga ! or Ebbo- 
 how maha wah wallan dunida 
 joga ! — far ?' halkai jirtai ? 
 intai fogtahai or jirta ? — old 
 is he ? wa imisa jir ? — far is 
 it thither ? halka ila halkoi 
 
HOW 
 
 225 
 
 HUT 
 
 imisai iss u jiran ? — far it is 
 thither ! halkasi foga ! — long 
 have you been here ? imisad 
 halkan jogtai? — long will 
 you abuse my patience 1 imisan 
 ku daft ? — is that ? wahhasi 
 wa side? tell me — I 'may 
 speak to him ? i sheg si an u 
 la hadlo? God knows — to 
 deliver us, Ilahhai ba og si 
 ainnu ku bahsano or si u ino- 
 gu sahalo. 
 
 however, ad., si kasta ; — it be, 
 si kastai ahato or nohoto ; — 
 he be, mid un or mid kasta ha 
 ahado. 
 
 howl, v.i., (cry as a wolf) haraidi. 
 
 howling, n., haraidis, — ki. 
 
 hoy {see bugalow).- 
 
 huddle, v.tr., (throw in confusion) 
 halad, iss ku halad. 
 
 huff, v.i., (swell with anger) 'il u 
 surun. 
 
 hulk, n., '(careen) tabahad, — di, 
 or dabahad markabka. 
 
 hull, n., (husk) holof, — ti, jidif 
 or jilif, — ^ti, laf, — ti. 
 
 hum, v.i., (buzz) hin, guh. 
 
 humanity, n., ninnimo, — adi. 
 
 humble, a., amusan. 
 
 humbug, w., (sham) halalif, — ti ; 
 v.tr., halalif ka shub. 
 
 humectate, v.tr., yar ho. 
 
 humour, n., (of tbe body) de'an, 
 — ki ; (of the nose) duf, — ki, 
 sin, — ki; (temper) abur, — ki, 
 — ti. 
 
 hump, hunch, n., tur, — ^ti ; — 
 backed, turleh, niiiki turta- 
 laha; — of camels, kurus, — ki. 
 
 hunch, n., (a knock with the fist) 
 tantomo, tumujo, — adi; v.tr., 
 (push) rih. 
 
 hunger, n.,' gajo, — adi ; — fit, 
 gaja hun, — di humaid, bar- 
 had, — di. 
 
 hungry, a., gajaisan, ninki ga- 
 jaisna ; hu is always — , had 
 iyo gor wa gajaisanyahai ; 
 be — , gajo ; I am — , wan 
 gajonaisa or gaja i haisa ; I 
 teel a — fit, gaja bun ya i 
 
 hundred, mtm., bohol, — ki, tiro, 
 
 — adi. 
 hunt, v.tr., dab, ugadso. 
 hunting, n., dabad, — ki, ugadsi, 
 
 — gi^ 
 hunter, n., dabad, — ki, 
 hurl, hurly-burly, n., shiddo, — adi. 
 hurrah ! int., hirro ! hino ! 
 hurricane, «., bahaUad or mahal'- 
 
 lad, — di, 
 Imrrj-, n., haul badan ; the man is 
 
 in a — , ninki hausha badna ; 
 
 v.tr., degdeg u habo ; v.i., 
 
 degdeg. 
 hurt, »., 'awar, — ^ki, hon, — ti, 
 
 nabar, — ki; v.tr., 'awar, ha- 
 
 nuni, hon yel; v.r., hon 'iss 
 
 yel ; a., 'awaran ; be — , 
 
 'awaran or 'awamaw. 
 husband, n., nin ahalleh, 
 hush ! int., (silence !) amus ! 
 
 amusa ! 
 husk (see hull), 
 hut, n., bul, — ki ; — of one 
 
 family, jes, — ki; — of several 
 
 families not agglomerated, je- 
 
 sas, — ki. 
 
HYA 
 
 226 
 
 INO 
 
 hysena, n. ; striped — , didar, — 
 ki, habal farai, — ^riM ; spotted 
 — , 'andader, — ki, — ^ti, dur- 
 wa, — gi, horor, — ki, waraba, 
 
 • — ilii, wera, — ihi. 
 
 hydropic, hydropical, a., barar- 
 leh, (nin) bararsau. 
 
 hymn, n., hes, — ti. 
 
 I. 
 
 I (see Grammar). 
 
 ice, «., baraf, — ^ki. 
 
 idea, n., ogan, — ti. 
 
 idiot, «., dohou, — ki, bahahim. 
 
 idle, a., 'ajis, — ki, 'ajisah, wah- 
 
 san ; be — , 'ajisnaw, wahso. 
 idleness, n., 'ajisnimo, — adi, 
 
 wahsi, — gi. 
 idol, n., sanam, — ki. 
 if, conj., hadi, bal in. 
 ignominy, v., mamus jab, — ki. 
 ignorance, n., ohon laau, — ti, 
 
 arumimo, — adi". 
 ignorant, a., ohon darran, ohonla, 
 
 arur, — ti, juhula, — ihi. 
 ill, a., (bad) hnn ; (sick) buka ; 
 
 be — , humaw ; n., that boy 
 
 returns — (bad) for good, inan- 
 
 kasi sharku wanag u 'esha; 
 
 he speaks — of everyone, isa- 
 
 gu nin walba wa hil leh bu 
 
 ka shega. 
 illness, n., bukan, — ti. 
 illegal, a., gar la. 
 illegitimate, n., gara', — i'M. 
 image, n,, sawir, — ki ; (figure) 
 
 snrrad, — di. 
 
 imitate, v.tr., (copy) mid u eg 
 
 samai ; (endeavour to resemble) 
 
 isaga kaleh noho. 
 immediately, ad., aminkada, 
 
 iminkada, markiba, haddada, 
 
 haddadatan. 
 immense, a., wein. 
 immerse, v.tr., husi. 
 immodest, a., hishodla. 
 immortal, a., au diman karin. 
 impatient, a.,kadsanla, sugninla. 
 impede, v.tr., (hinder) joji. 
 impel, v.tr., (force) mnhuni. 
 impenetrable, a., haud. 
 impenetrability of a forest, «., 
 
 hand, — ki. 
 impenitence, n., taubad or tobad 
 
 laan, — ti. 
 imperfect, a., an damain. 
 impertinent, a., amusla. 
 implore, v.tr., bari ; — for us, 
 
 noga had. 
 importunity, n., (looking at some 
 
 one when eating) hud, — ki. 
 impose, v.tr., sar ; — a fine, ^a- 
 
 sir ; — taxes, ashur sar. 
 impossilile, fl-., la ma kar, lama 
 
 karo ; it is — , wah wa la ma 
 
 karah. 
 imposture, n., bein, — ti. 
 impostor, n., beina leh, or beina 
 
 was, — ki, nin muhalhalah. 
 impotent, a., an dali karin. 
 impure, a. and n., mahnud, — ki. 
 impurity, n., mahnudiumo, — adi, 
 
 wasmo, — adi; commit — , was. 
 in, prp., ku, gudihi. 
 incalculable, a., la ma tirin karo. 
 incantation, »., fal, — ki ; make 
 
 an — , fil. 
 
INO 
 
 227 
 
 INH 
 
 inoantator, n., nin wah fala, nag 
 
 wah l^sha. 
 incapable, n., (of fighting) hashin, 
 
 — ti, nin hashinah. 
 incense, n., hanjo, — adi, foh, — 
 
 hi, ha', — ^hi. 
 incise,, v.ir., sar, sarsar. 
 incision, w., sarsar, — ki, sarmo, 
 
 — adi. 
 inclination, «., foror, — ki, 'uskis, 
 
 — ki; profound — , rako', — 
 
 di, sujud, — di. 
 incline, v.fr., forori, 'uski ; — on, 
 
 ku tiri. 
 incline, v.i., fororso, 'usko, tirso; 
 
 — on, upon, ku tirso, rako' ; 
 
 inclined tn evil, nin waliba 
 
 wah him bu u jeda. 
 include, v.tr., ku hid. 
 incomplete, a., an damaiu. 
 incomprehensible, a., an la garan. 
 incorruptible, a., ma hudmm. 
 increase, v.tr., badi, badnai, kor- 
 
 di ; v.i., badnaw. 
 increase, n., (augmentation) kor- 
 
 dis, — ki. 
 incur, v.t7\, galabso. 
 Indebt, v.tr., han geli. 
 indebted, a., hamaisan. 
 indeed, ad., waiyai or weiyei. 
 indelible, a., (sumad) an la babiin 
 
 karin. 
 independent, a., iss bah. 
 indigent, a., 'aid, — di. 
 indignant, a., 'adaisan. 
 
 dignation, n., 'ado, — adi. 
 indignity, «., 'ai, — di. 
 indigo, TO., sibah madow 'adanah. 
 indirect, a., hallohan, jidki hal- 
 lohna. 
 
 individual, n., hof, — ki, 'id,— di. 
 India, n., ard al hindi. 
 Indian, n., hindi, — gi. 
 indocile, a., 'asi, — gi, 'asiah. 
 indolence, re., 'ajisnimo, — adi. 
 indolent, a., 'ajis, — ki. 
 induce, v.tr., sasab. 
 indulge, v.tr., 'amalkis hun bu 
 
 oggolyahai. 
 indurate, v.tr., adkai, 
 inebriate, v.tr., kaga sahrami. 
 ineffable, a., la ma hadli karo. 
 infallible, a., ma beinain karo, 
 
 bein ma shegi karo, ma ha- 
 
 talmi karo. 
 infamous, a., mamus la. 
 infamy, n., mamus jab, — ^ki. 
 infancy, re., arurnimo, — adi. 
 infant, n., ilmo, — ihi, muijo', — hi. 
 infectious, a., (contagious) la iss 
 
 ka had, saboh. 
 inferior, a., nin hosai, in hosai. 
 infidel, «., gal, — ki. 
 infidels or infidelity, n., galo, — 
 
 adi. 
 inflame, v.tr., belbelli, ololi, shid. 
 inflict, v.tr., u sar. 
 inform, v.tr., war gei, war ken, 
 
 warran, ogaisi; r.r., iss ka 
 
 warran. 
 informant, n., war kena, — ihi. 
 information, n., war, — ki. 
 ingratitude, «., abal darri, — di. 
 inhabit, v.i., fadi, jog. 
 inhabitant, n., deris, — ki, 
 inheritance, n., dahal, — ki. 
 inherit, v.tr., dahal. 
 inhospitablcj a., bahail, — ^ki. 
 inhospitability, re., morti hadis, 
 
 — ki. 
 
 Q 2 
 
INH 
 
 228 
 
 INT 
 
 inhuman, «., adow, — gi. 
 inhumanity, »., adownimo, — adi, 
 injure, o.tr., 'ai, bii, wah yel. 
 injurious, a., wah yellaleh., (erai) 
 
 an la iss odan. 
 injury, n., 'ai, — di, wah yello, 
 
 — (3i, na'dal, — shi. 
 injustice, n., gar darri, — di. 
 ink, n., had, — ki, 
 inkstand, «., dawad, — di, madad, 
 
 — ki. 
 inn, n., das, — ki. 
 innocence, n., hujad laan, — ti, 
 
 tahsir laan, — ti. 
 innocent, a., hujadla, tahsir la, 
 
 an tahsir lahain. 
 inoffensive, a., (wa bunduh) an 
 
 'idna wah yeUn. 
 inquietude, n., weirweir, — ki. 
 inquire, v.tr , weidi, don. 
 inscribe, v.tr., ku hor, warahda 
 
 ku dig. 
 insert, v.tr., ku rid. 
 inside, n., gudaha, gudihi. 
 insnare, v.tr., dab. 
 insolence, n., amar weinan, — ti. 
 insolent, a., af hun, amusila. 
 instant, n., 'abbar, — ki. 
 instep, n., bohon horai. 
 instruct, v.tr., bar, wani. 
 instruction, n., bamin, — ^ti, ba- 
 
 rasho, — adi. 
 instructor, n., bara, — ihi. 
 insult {see injure), 
 intangible, a., an la taban karin. 
 integral, a., daman. 
 intellect, intelligence, n., ahli, — 
 
 gi, garasho, — adi, miyir, — ki, 
 intelligent, a., 'arrab jila'san, 
 
 miyirsan, miyir haba. 
 
 intend, v.tr., dama'; what do you 
 
 — to do, mahad dama'santa- 
 
 hai. 
 intention, n., dama', — hi. 
 intercede, v.L, deh gal, u ga'an 
 
 geli. 
 intercept, v.tr., joji. 
 intercourse, n., warmo, — adi. 
 interest, n., awo, — adi, darad, — 
 
 di. 
 interfere, v.tr., (interpose) ga'an 
 
 geli. 
 interior, a., gudahaah. 
 interjection (of inticing), 'ar! 'ar! 
 
 (of pain) ha ! (of calling) war 
 
 hoi ! na hoi ! (for parents) aiya 
 
 abbe ! aiya hoyo ! 
 interpret, v.tr., ka af'eli, u kala 
 
 af'eli. 
 interpretation, n. ; that — is 
 
 not good, kala af'eliskasi ma 
 
 tosna. 
 interpreter, n., afayen, — ^ki, af- 
 
 'elis, — ki, ttirjuman, — ki. 
 interrogate, v.tr., weidi, sual. 
 interrogation, n., sual, — shi, wei- 
 
 dis, — ki. 
 interrogative (particle), ma ? e ? 
 
 (as an affix), 
 interrupt, v.tr., hulhuladai. 
 intervene, v.i., deh gal, la tali, 
 intervention, n., talo, — adi. 
 intervert, v.tr., gesta kaleh u dig 
 
 or u rog. 
 intestine, n., uslahais, — ^ti, us- 
 
 laho or usloho, — adi ; long — , 
 
 hidmo, — ^ihi, mindi'ir, — ki. 
 intiiriat.e, n., (a familiar friend) 
 
 sahib runah or sahib dabah. 
 into, prp., ku. 
 
INT 
 
 229 
 
 JOI 
 
 intoxicate, v.tr., kaga sahrami. 
 intrepid, a., 'absila, bilileh, gesi, 
 
 — gi, ragah. 
 intrepidity, n., bill, — gi, gesl- 
 
 nimo, — adi. 
 introduce, v.tr., geli, ku kahai, 
 
 abur, sinif. 
 intrust, v.tr., aman, amanaiso, u 
 
 dibo. 
 inundation, n., dad, — ki, biyihi 
 
 'arrada rogai. 
 inutile, a., an wahba tarain, wah 
 
 ma tarai. 
 invade, v.tr., dul, so da', 
 invaluable, a., ib ma laha. 
 invariable, a., an rogman karin. 
 invent, v.tr., hindis. 
 invention, n., hindisad, — di. 
 investigate, v.tr., hubso, 
 investigation, n., hubsad, — ki. 
 invidious, a., hasid, — ki. 
 invincible, a., an laga adkan 
 
 karin. 
 invisible, a., la ma arko, an la 
 arki karin; God is — , Ilah 
 wa wah an la arki karin. 
 invite, v.tr., u yed. 
 iris of the eye, n., isha buh- 
 
 deda. 
 iron, n., birr, — ti, sulub, — ki; 
 — wire, hasaii, — di ; v.tr., 
 (smooth the clothes with) birr- 
 ta mari. 
 irregular, a., janjedah ; make — , 
 
 janjedi. 
 irregularity, n., janjed, — ki. 
 Islam, Islamism, n., nin islamed, 
 
 dinti islamed. 
 island, isle, 72., gashirad, — di. 
 issue, v.i., bah; issued, bah. 
 
 itch, itching, n., 'addo, — adi, 
 'adanyo, — adi; v.L, 'adanyo. 
 
 ivory, n., fol marodi, folki ma- 
 rodi, the ... 
 
 J. 
 
 jabber {see babble, chatter), 
 jackal, n., dawa' dulmadowah, 
 
 golli, — di, golli warabais, — 
 
 ki, hor, — ki. 
 jail, n., habsi, — gi. 
 jar, «., (vessel) dS, — shi, gog, — 
 
 gi, han, — ti, humbo, — adi, 
 
 mardaban, — ki. 
 javelin, n., dagalai or degelai, — 
 
 di, waran, — ki. 
 jaw, «., dan,^ — ki. 
 jealous, a., hasid, — ki ; be —, 
 
 hasid, gubb. 
 jealousy, n., hasidnimo, — adi. 
 jeer, n., (scoff) luhuf, — ki ; v.tr. 
 
 and v.i., luhufl or luhfi, ku 
 
 hosol; mahad i luhufinaisa? 
 
 why are you (laughing or) jeer- 
 ing at me? 
 jeerer, n., luhufi, — gi, nin luhu- 
 
 fiah. 
 jerk-, v.tr., ruhruh, tur. 
 jest, «., ayar, — ti, kaftan, — ;ki. 
 Jesus, n., 'Issa. 
 Jew, n., ynhudi, — gi; jnihud, — 
 
 di (plur.). 
 Jewess, n., yuhudiyad, — di. 
 job, n., haul, — shi, shuhul, — ki. 
 join, v.tr., iss ku dar, iss u gei, 
 
 iss ku hid, iss ku hodob, iss 
 
 ku samai, iss ku tol. 
 
JOI 
 
 230 
 
 KID 
 
 joiuing, n., iss ku daran, — ^ki, iss 
 ku samais, — ki. 
 
 joint, n., hubin, — ti, fanah, — ^M ; 
 he has put his arm out of — , 
 g^a'antisi wa fiiduhdai. 
 
 joke, ??., kaftan, — ^ki; v.i., kaf- 
 tan, 'ayar. 
 
 journey, n., kabadai, — ihi, sod'al, 
 — ki ; hnlf day's — , daldala- 
 sho, — adi ; camel day's — , 
 gedi, — gi ; v.i., kabadai, so- 
 d'al. 
 
 joy, joyfulness, «., badad, — ki, 
 rain, — ti, farahan, — ^ki, far- 
 had, — di, raho,— adi. 
 
 joyful, joyous, a., badadan, ba- 
 dadsan, rahaisan, farahanah. 
 
 joyousness, jubilation, n., badad, 
 
 — ^ki ... ; give joy, kaga bad- 
 
 badi or badbadadi. 
 judge, «., daulad, — di, nin dau- 
 
 laded, hakin, — ki; v.tr., hisab 
 
 hukum, gar goi. 
 judgment, «., gar, — ti, hukum, 
 
 — ki, hisab, — ti. 
 jug, n., (vessel) kusad, — di. 
 juggler, n., mahawi, — gi. 
 juice, n., de'an, — ki. 
 jujube, n., gob, — ki, hohob, — ^ti. 
 jump, 11., bodo, — adi, botin, — ti; 
 
 v.i., bod. 
 junction, n., iss ku daran, — ^ki. 
 jungle, n., (desert) 'idla, — di, 
 
 'idla'ir sila, — di, miyi, — gi. 
 just, a., hagagsan, hah, tagan, 
 
 human, ragah, tolmon. 
 just now, ad., aminkada, imiu- 
 
 kada, haddadatan. 
 justice, n., gar, — ^ti. 
 
 jowari or jowaree, n., (kind of corn) 
 hadud or harud, — ^ki; — plant, 
 kassab, hassab, — ki, salol, — 
 ki. 
 
 K. 
 
 kahri or curry, n., sanunad, — di;; 
 
 — stuff, hawaj,— ki ; make 
 the — , sanunadda samai; mix 
 
 — with rice, sanunadai. 
 keel, n., (of a ship) herab, — ki. 
 keep, v.tr., ho, hai, haiso, habo ;■ 
 
 — for you, digo, hado ; — 
 your promise, hadalkaga daso- 
 or hejiso ; — asunder, kala 
 bai'di ; — away, off, fogai, ka 
 fogai ; — back, dib u 'eli ; — 
 down, hos u hai; — under 
 your temper, amalkaga iss ka 
 hosaisi ; — where you are, 
 halkad jogtid jog ; — off, du,, 
 naga du. 
 
 keeping, n., (act of) haisi, — gi. 
 kerchief, n., malhamad, — di. 
 kettle, n., digsi or disti, — gi,, 
 
 deri, — gi, adar, — ^ki. 
 key, n., mufta, — hi, 
 kick, n. ; — of man, lad, — ^kL ;: 
 
 — in a kind of game, hurdun, 
 — ki ; — of a horse, ass, mule 
 ..., bihlai or bihlo, — ihi, dam- 
 babud or dambabid, — ki; — 
 of a camel, harati, — di ; v.tr.y 
 lad, hurdan. 
 
 kid, «., wahar, — ti. 
 kidney, «., kelli, — gi. 
 
KIL 
 
 231 
 
 LAO 
 
 kOl, v.tr., dil, nafta ka had, kaga 
 'ahbal, ka kausi, ka kudi. 
 
 kiln, n., mufo, — adi. 
 
 kind, a., (good) wanaksan, tol- 
 mon; w., (sort) al'n, — ki, tol, — 
 ki ; of the same — , iss ku tol, 
 
 kindness, n., ja'lan, — ti, wanag, 
 — gi, tolimo, — adi. 
 
 kindle, v.tr., sMd. 
 
 kindred, w., (kin) hidid, — ki; 
 become — , la Mdid. 
 
 king, n., bohor, — ki, malik, — gi, 
 suldan, — ki, ugas, — ki. 
 
 king's evil, n., hudai or huda, — 
 IM, mal, — sM. 
 
 kingdom, n., mulki, — gi, 
 
 kiss, n., dunkad, — ki, dunkasho, 
 — adi ; v.tr., dunko. 
 
 kitchen, «., gali, — gi. 
 
 kite, 11., (a bird) duryo, — adi ; (a 
 toy) diyarad, — di. 
 
 kitten, n., dinad yar, — di, — aid. 
 
 klipspringer,.w., alakud or alikud, 
 — di. 
 
 knave, w., harami, — gi, tug, — gi, 
 niu karamiah. 
 
 knead, v.tr., 'ajin, hosh. 
 
 knee, «., jilib,— ki, rug,-gi; 
 — pan, kurankur, — ti; bend 
 the — , jilibka dig. 
 
 kneel, v.i., jilba jogso ; remain 
 kneeling, jilba jog, jilba yara 
 dig ; — and make the pro- 
 found inclination, sujud ; — 
 (in speaking to the camel), 
 arun, tu ; make the camel — , 
 animi, tui. 
 
 kneeling, n., (genuflexion) jilba 
 jog,— gi. 
 
 knife, «., mindi, — di. 
 
 knock, n., (at the door) gara', — 
 hi ; — with a club, gagab, — 
 gi, kau, — di ; v.tr., gara' ; — 
 down, btdai, ka dufo, gagabi, 
 ka kausi. 
 
 knot, n., guntin, — ti, gunti, — gi, 
 gar, — ^ki; v.tr., gunud, garai, 
 garaiso. 
 
 know, v.tr., garo, ogow, ohon, 
 og ; I do not — , moji ; v.o., 
 ogaisi. 
 
 knowledge, n., ohon, — ti, 'ilmi, 
 
 — gi- 
 
 known, a., la yahan ; well — , 
 ma'ruf, — ki ; a well — man, 
 nin ma'ruf ah. 
 
 knuckle, n., fanah,— hi, hubin, 
 — ti. 
 
 kooiloo, n., (antelope in general) 
 aderyo, — adi ; lesser — , ader- 
 yo 'ari, — gi ; male — , godir, 
 — ki. 
 
 koran, «., (alcoran) furhau, — ^ki. 
 
 L. 
 
 labour, n., haul, — shi, shuhul, — 
 
 ki; v.tr., shahai, haul habo, 
 
 hausho, hoji. 
 labourer, n'., shahi, — gi, nin sha- 
 
 hiah. 
 ]abori9us, a., hauled, haushoda, 
 
 hog wein. 
 lac, n., (100,000 rupees, in India) 
 
 lak, bohol kun o rubod, lak ' 
 
 rubiadod. 
 lactation, n., 'ana nujis, — ki. 
 
LAD 
 
 232 
 
 LAW 
 
 lad, n., inan, — ki, wil, — ki. 
 
 ladder, «., sallan, — ki. 
 
 lade (see load). 
 
 laden, a., raran. 
 
 ladle [or a vessel with a handle), 
 
 n., dura, hudda, — ihi, tebeda 
 
 dara, — ihi. 
 lady, n., afo, — adi, nag, — ti, uri, 
 
 — di. 
 lag, y i., (stay hehiad) dambai, 
 
 rag. 
 lamb, n., barar, — ki ; she — , 
 
 nail, — shi ; he — , wan bara- 
 
 rah. 
 lame (of one leg), n., dutiyai, 
 
 --yiM; — woman, dutiso, — 
 
 adi ; go — , duti. 
 lament, n., baror, — ti, musanow, 
 
 — gi, oin, — ti ; v.i., baroro, oi, 
 
 musanow ; v.c, ka barori. 
 lake, «., biyo gal, — ki, biyo ga- 
 
 len,— ki. 
 lamp, «., (lantern) sirad, — ki ; 
 
 night — , ilais, - ki. 
 lance, n., (long spear) waran, — 
 
 ki. 
 land, 11., berri, — gi, dul, — ^ki. 
 land, v.i., (put ashore) deg; v.tr., 
 
 deji, rog, so rog, alabadada 
 
 rog. 
 landing, n., degnin, — ti, rognin, 
 
 — ti. 
 language, «., af, — ki. 
 languid, a., ataisan, weidsan. 
 languish, v.i., 'atow, weidow. 
 languor, n., 'ato, — di, weidnimo, 
 
 — adi. 
 lantern, n., fanus, — ki. 
 lap, n., dab, — ti. 
 lap, v.tr., (lick up) rah. 
 
 lapidate, v.tr., shid. 
 lapidation, n., shid, — ki. 
 large, a., balladan, wein ; 
 
 footed, kabo wein. 
 largeness, n., ballad, — ki,weinan, 
 
 — ti; — of feet or sandals, 
 
 kabo weinan. 
 lark, n., hedin heto, — adi. 
 larva, n., dirhi,- — gi ; — of gnats, 
 
 lunlumai,— ihi. 
 lash (see fiog, flogging), 
 lass, «., gabad, — di. 
 lassitude, n., dal, — ki. 
 last, a., (utmost) ugu dambaiyai, 
 
 ugu dambaisai; at — , ahir- 
 
 tanka. 
 last, v.i., (endure) rag. 
 lasting, a., adag. 
 latch, 71., albabka ilhadisa.' 
 late, a., ragsan; (deceased) din- 
 
 tai (ot.), dimatai (/.) ; be — , 
 
 rag ; was it so — i. ma sidasai 
 
 u ragen ? he cam-e — , wa so 
 
 ragai. 
 lately, ad., beri dowed. 
 latitude, n., (breadth) ballad, — 
 
 ki. 
 lattice-work, «., sab, — ki. 
 laugh, laughter, n., hosol, — ki. 
 laugh, v.i., hosol ; — at, ku hosol. 
 launch, v.tr., (to force a ship into 
 
 the sea) kawir, 
 launderer, n., dhobi, — gi, dar 
 
 hasal, — ki. 
 lavish, a., (prodigal) lumai, nin 
 
 lumai ; v.tr., lumi. 
 law, n., haul, — ki, hainun, — ki, 
 
 hai'd, — ki. 
 lawful, a., halal ; make him — , 
 
 halalai. 
 
LAW 
 
 233 
 
 LEO 
 
 lawfulness, «., halal, — shi. 
 lawsuit, n., da'wadf — di. 
 lay, v.tr., (place) dig; — aside, 
 dah, daho, digo; — away, reb; 
 
 — before, open out, muji, tus ; 
 
 — over, dusha ka sar ; — on, 
 ku reb ; — down, u dibo ; — 
 hold of, ho. 
 
 laziness, n., ajisnimo, — adi,wahsi, 
 
 — &i- 
 lazy, a., 'ajis, — ki, 'ajisah, wah- 
 
 san ; be — , 'ajisnow, wahso. 
 lead, «., (a metal) rasas, — ti. 
 lead, v.tr., (guide) badbadi, ka- 
 
 hai ; — from, out of, ka bad- 
 
 tadi ; — to, u kahai ; — the 
 
 dance, 'ayarta hagaji ; — the 
 
 prayer, ina tuki or tuji. 
 leader, «., (of the prayer) imau, 
 
 — ki. 
 leaf, n., 'alen, — ti ; — of a palm- 
 tree, au, — di. 
 leak, ?i., dalol, — ki; v.i., dalol; 
 
 the kettle leaks, distigi wa 
 
 dalola. 
 lean, n., (of meat) jid, — ki, jimid, 
 
 — ki. 
 lean (animal), m., abah, — hi ; a., 
 
 abahah ; be - — , abah ; v.c, 
 
 abahi. 
 lean, a., 'ataisan, weidsan; be 
 
 — , 'atow, weidow; v.c, wei- 
 
 dai. 
 lean, v.tr., (incline) tiri, 'uski ; 
 
 v.i., tirso, 'usko; — upon, ku 
 
 tiri, ku tirso. 
 leanness, w., 'ato, — adi, weid- 
 
 nimo, — adi. 
 leap, v.i., (jump) bod; n., bodo, 
 
 —adi, botin, — ti. 
 
 learn, v.tr., baro, digo. 
 learning, «., bamin, — ^ti. 
 least, a., ka wada yar, ugu yar. 
 leather, n., hod, — ki, jan, — ti, 
 
 harag, — gi". 
 leave, n., (permission) fasah, — 
 
 hi. 
 leave, v.tr., (let go) da, na' ; — 
 
 aside, mel digo; — out, ka 
 
 hadi; — behind, dambaisi; 
 
 — on, ku reb ; v.i., iss ka da, 
 
 iss ka reb. 
 leaven, n., hamir, — ki. 
 lecture, n., hadis, — ki. 
 ledge, n., aror, — ^ki. 
 leech, n., 'ula'ul, — shi. 
 leer, «., (an oblique look) gatin, 
 
 — ti. 
 left (hand), n., bideh, — di; to 
 
 the — , bidehda; — handed, 
 
 gurai,— gi. 
 leg, hind-leg, n., lug, — ti; fore — , 
 
 jeni, — gi ; — below the knee, 
 
 kub, — ki, shansho, — adi; — 
 
 of a chair, rukun, — ki. 
 one-fegged man, n., nin. lugla, 
 
 luglawai, — ihi. 
 legacy, n., dardaran, — ki. 
 legal {see lawful), 
 legumen, «., hudrad, — di. 
 leisure, n., haulyari, — di. 
 lemon, n., lin danan, — ti — aid. 
 lend, v.tr., amahi. 
 lending, n., amah, — di. 
 length, n., derer, — ki. 
 lengthen, v.tr., derai, dereri; — 
 
 by adding to, iss ku dereri. 
 Lent, n., wahtega sonka. 
 leopard, M., shabel, — ki, horgumo, 
 
 — adi, nimmer, — ki. 
 
LEP 
 
 234 
 
 LIN 
 
 leper, n., bar'asleh, — iM. 
 
 leprosy, n., bar'as, — ^ki. 
 
 less, a., diman, ka yar. 
 
 lessen, v.tr., din, yarai, yaraiso. 
 
 lesson, n., ma'shar, — ki. 
 
 let, v.i., da; — me alone, i da; 
 — me go out, dibadda i si da ; 
 why do you — him come in 1 
 mahad gudaha ugu so dai- 
 naisa ? — the boys sleep, arur- 
 ta da ha sehatai ; — down, ho- 
 saisi; — in, into, so geli, so 
 da ; — Kr>, si da, so da ; — 
 me see, bal an arko ; — him 
 speak, ha hadlo ; — it be so, 
 ha ahato, sida ha ahato ; I 
 have let a house, ahal ban 
 kiraistai. 
 
 letter, n., (of alphabet) haraf, — 
 ki ; (an epistle) warhad, — di. 
 
 level, v.tr., banai, sin, iss ku sin. 
 
 level ground, n., ban, — ki, gegi, 
 — di, tamuh, — di, mel tamu- 
 hah. 
 
 liar, «., beinaleh, — ihi, beina- 
 was, — ki. 
 
 lieense,«., (permission) fasah, — hi. 
 
 lick, v.tr., lef. 
 
 lid, n., dabol, — ki, hadub, — ki, 
 hadub gal, — ki, gorof, — ki, 
 dabah, — hi. 
 
 lie, n., bein, — ti, halalif, — ta. 
 
 lie, v.i., (tell a lie) bein shag. 
 
 lie, v.i., (rest) jif, jifso, oil; he 
 lies alons upon the ground, 
 dnlku yal, dulku yil. 
 
 life, n., nolan, — ti, rubad, — ki, 
 naf, — ti; — time, 'emri, — gi; 
 next — , nolanta ahiro or no- 
 lanta dambai. 
 
 lifelessness, n., nafo, — ahi. 
 
 lift, v.tr., hinji, kor or sarai u 
 
 had. 
 light, n., if, — ki, iftin, — ^ki, ilais, 
 
 — ^ki; — of the day, gabal, — 
 
 ki; v.tr., iftiini, sirad, sMd, 
 
 ololi. 
 light, a., (bi ight) dalalaya ; (not 
 
 heavy) fadud. 
 lighten, v.tr., iftimi ; it lightens, 
 
 'irku wa hilaaya. 
 lightning, n., hila, — hi. 
 like, a., (resembling) leh eg, intas 
 
 kaleh, intas leh eg ; — father 
 
 — son, abbaha inanknna u eg 
 yahai ; make — , n ekaisi ; in 
 
 — manner, sidi kaleh, 
 like, v.tr., (love) ja'alaw ; do you 
 
 — his advice? taladisa ma 
 ja'ashahai? do you — it? ma 
 ja'ashahai or je'eshahai? 
 
 likely, ad., (probably) malaha; 
 he is — to die of hunger, ma- 
 laha gaja dili donta; we are 
 
 — to have war, dagal bainu 
 downahai. 
 
 likeness, n., ekan, — ti. 
 
 liking, n., (inclination) ; having 
 
 the same — , iss ku talo. 
 limb, n., adin, — ^ki, lahad, — ^ki. 
 lime, n., daxeyo, — adi, malas, — 
 
 ti ; quick — , dagah gubtai. 
 limit, n., dal, — ki. 
 limp, v.i., duti; n., dukis, — 
 
 ki. 
 limpid, a., (clear) miran. 
 line, n., dilin, — ti, sadar, — ki, 
 
 tah, tLhhi ; the — , lines of the 
 
 hand, herro or herriyo, — adi ; 
 
 range in — , tah, iss ku tah. 
 
LIN 
 
 236 
 
 LOO 
 
 linen, n., dar, — ki. 
 
 linger, v.i., rag. 
 
 lion, «., libah, — hi ; male — , ar, 
 
 — ki ; female — , gol, — shi. 
 lip, n., bushin, — ti, ^bin, — ti, 
 
 famr, — ti. 
 listen, v.i., degaiso, mahal, yel ; 
 
 — to, ahbal, ka ahbal. 
 lit, a., siradan, sMdan. 
 little, a., yar, gabanah, gibinah, 
 
 gaban ; wl., wah hoga or wuh 
 
 hoga or wohhoga, yar, him- 
 
 yar. 
 litany, n., huniid, — di ; recite the 
 
 — , himudda mari. 
 live, v.i., (be alive) nolaw, jir; 
 
 (dwell) fadi, jir, jog, oil, ru- 
 
 gaiso. 
 • liver, n., ber, — ti ; — of camels, 
 
 waslado, — ihi. 
 living, a., (alive) nol ; — property, 
 
 holo nol, — ^ibi, — a. 
 lizard, n., horato, — adi, gelka 
 
 abadis, ror, — ^ki, masso or 
 
 monso, — adi. 
 lo ! int., eg ! ega ! 
 load, v.tr., rar, shehnad, 'abai; 
 
 n., hamil, — ki, rar,— ki, rarmo, 
 
 — adi. 
 loading, n., (freight) sbehnad, — 
 
 — di. 
 loaded, laden, a., raran, 'abaisan, 
 
 sbehnadan, buha. 
 loaf, n., kibis, — ti. 
 loan, «., (a thing lent) amah, — di. 
 loathe, v.tr., (abhor) na'; he 
 
 loathes every meat, hHib walba 
 
 wa ka yihyihsanaya ; v.i., 
 
 (create disgust) jdhyihsi. 
 loathsome, a., yihyihsan. 
 
 lobe, n., (of the ear) dahal, — shi, 
 degta dahasheda; upper part 
 of — , htirdan or huijan, — ^ki. 
 
 lock, «., huful, — ki. 
 
 locust, n., ayah, — ^hi, koronkoro, 
 — adi. 
 
 log of wond, 11., dogob, — ki, 
 jirid, — di. 
 
 loin, n., (reins) kelli, — di ; — 
 cloth, mahawis, — ^ki, go, — hi, 
 haid, — ki'. 
 
 loll, v.i., ku tirso. 
 
 loni;, a., der; — in prayer, du'a 
 ku rag, — gi; — disease, udur 
 ragai ; you are very — in 
 coming, wad ragta ; — after, 
 ad., gor dambow; how — is 
 it since? imisa ka dambayai 
 or dambaisal? 
 
 long, ad., — ago, beri horai ; not 
 Jong before, ayamo dowed ; ere 
 long, gor dowba ; I will come 
 ere long, gor dowba wa iman 
 dona ; as long as I live, inta 
 an nolahai ; as long as he is 
 virtuous lie will be admired, 
 intas u wanaksanyahai wa la 
 la yabi ; all my life long, intan 
 jirai o dan, or intan nola o 
 dan, or intan nola o idil; all 
 day long, malin o idil. 
 
 long, v.tr., (desire earnestly) ka 
 rag; I — to see him, araggagi 
 ban ka ragsanahai, or inan 
 arko wan donaya; — for, 
 tabalaisnaw ; he longs for this 
 place, meshatanu u tabalaisan< 
 yahai. 
 
 look, n., egmo, — adi, arag, — gi, 
 dai'mo, — adi. 
 
LOO 
 
 236 
 
 MAH 
 
 look, v.i. ; he looks very well, 
 wa afimad haba; that looks 
 well, wa wanaksanyahai or 
 wanaksantahai; — about you, 
 iss eg, iss jir ; — after, to the 
 boy, inanka eg or ilali or jix ; 
 
 — at, dai, bal eg ; — out, — 
 for, don, bad ; wliat do you — 
 for^ mahad donaisa, or mahad 
 radinaisa ? I have long looked 
 for him, in badan ban sugayai ; 
 
 — into, over, hubso ; — there, 
 at, u jed, u jeso, bagga u jeso ; 
 let me — at the ship they 
 speak of, bal an ego markabka 
 la shegayo ; — at a man eat- 
 ing, hud; looking at a man 
 when eating, w., hud, — ki. 
 
 look, v.tr., arag, eg, dai, jedali, 
 
 dugo. 
 looking-glass, n., murayad, — di. 
 loose, loosen, v.tr., deb'i ; a., deb- 
 
 'isan. 
 lord, n., saheb, — ki. 
 lose, v.tr., hor, ambi, hababi, 
 
 hallai, luini, bel; v.i.. ala'al, 
 
 ambo, habab, hallaw, lun. 
 loss, n., hallau, — gi; suffer a — , 
 
 ed; suffering of a — , edis,— 
 
 ki ; — of a person, habab, — ki, 
 lost, a., hababsan, hallabai. 
 lounge, v.i., (to idle) ku tirso ; 
 
 do not — , ha ku tirsan. 
 louse, n., injir, — ^ti. 
 love, n. ja'ail, — ki, ja'alan, — ti ; 
 
 v.tr., ja'alaw ; do not — , ha 
 
 ja'alan. 
 low, a., hosai ; be — , hosai ; ad., 
 
 hos, hosta ; speak — , hos u 
 
 hadal. 
 
 lower, v.tr., (bring low) hos u 
 
 habo, hos u hai. 
 lowing, n., (of cows) bana'ei, — 
 
 luck, n., ayan, — ki, nasib, — ^ki; 
 
 good — , 'awo, — adi ; bad — , 
 
 ayan humo ; wish him good 
 
 — , haiib. 
 lucky, a., ayanleh, haliban. 
 luggage, «., alabo,^ — adi. 
 hA\,v.tr., sehi. 
 lump, n., (a mass) fud, — ki, kus, 
 
 — ki ; a — of sugar, fud sun- 
 
 korah. 
 lunacy, n., walli, — di, 
 lunatic, a., wallan, walla. 
 lungs, n., sambab, — ^ki, 
 lure [see allure). 
 
 luxation, «., fuduh or furuh, — hi. 
 lynx, n., gududona, — gi. 
 
 M. 
 
 machine, n., dawar,— ki. 
 
 mad, a., wallan ; become — , 
 
 wallo. 
 madden, v.tr. and v.i., wal, iss 
 
 walwal. 
 madness, n., walli, — di. 
 magician, n., nin wah fala, nag 
 
 wah fasha. 
 magistrate, n,, daulad or dowlad, 
 
 — di. 
 magnanimity, n., raganimo, — 
 
 adi. 
 Mahometan, n., muslim, — ki. 
 
MAI 
 
 237 
 
 MAR 
 
 maid, n., gabad, — di, ugub, — ^ki, 
 
 gashan, — ti. 
 maim, v.tr., adin go ; a., adin 
 
 la. 
 make, v.tr., samai, wahai ; — 
 
 well, ad u habo or sainai ; — 
 
 again, ku laban. 
 made, a., la wahai, samaisan ; 
 
 — of, ka samaismai ; be — , 
 
 samaisan, samaisnaw. 
 maker, n., samais, — ki. 
 making, n., samain,— ti. 
 male, n., labod, — ^ki, hododi ; a., 
 
 lab, hodah. 
 maledict, malediction (see curse). 
 malefactor, n., layan, — ki. 
 malevolent, malignant, a., hamiti, 
 
 — gi, hamitiah, hamitigaha. 
 malevolence, malignancy, n., ha- 
 
 midnimo, — adi. 
 mallet, n., (.wooden hammer) hori 
 
 dubbaaL 
 malice, n., histi, — gi. 
 man, n., nin, — ki, rag, — gi ; he 
 
 is grown a — , wa gad madow- 
 
 bai ; — of prudence, wisdom, 
 
 farid, — ki, nin faridah ; — of 
 
 war, markab harbiah. 
 manage, v.tr., tali, ku tali ; — 
 
 that office, hafiska u tali, 
 management, manage, n., talo, — 
 
 adi. 
 manager, «., taliya, — yihi, hakin, 
 
 — ki. 
 manducation, «., 'alal, — ki, rabsi, 
 
 — si- 
 mane, n., (of a horse) gud, — ki ; 
 
 hair of the — , sain,— ti. 
 
 manhood, n., ninnimo, — adi, ra- 
 
 ganimo, —adi. 
 
 mangouste (greyish-red), n., shau- 
 
 shuga, — ^ihi; (red) sogur, — ki^ 
 manlfind, «., dad, — ki, 
 manliness, «., raganimo, — adi. 
 manner, n., si,— di, bassar, — ki; 
 
 in this — , sidan; do in the 
 
 same — , sidi lo samaiyai u 
 
 samai; in what — % side? 
 
 (custom) dastnr, — ti; having 
 
 the same manners, iss ku talo. 
 many, a., badan, tiro badan. 
 map, 11., warhadda dunidu ku 
 
 sawirantahai. 
 marble (for playing), n., fatari; 
 
 — gi; fatatir, — ^ti (^Zm?-.). 
 march, v.i., so'o, talab, baid ; v.c, 
 
 so'odsi, talabi; n., so'od, — ^ki; 
 
 talabo, — adi. 
 mare, n., genyo, — adi. 
 mark, «., 'alan, — ki, astan, — ti, 
 
 sumad, — di, hanjid, — di; v.tr., 
 
 'alamadi, sumad. 
 market, n., suh, — ^hi. 
 marriage, «., gur, — ^ki, giirsad, 
 
 — ^ki, aros, — ki. 
 married, a., gUrsadai ; a — man, 
 
 nag la gursadai ; a — woman, 
 
 nag ninleh; a new man, 
 
 aros, — ki. 
 marrow, n., duh, — hi. 
 marry, v.tr., u guri, u dis, iss u 
 
 guri, meri ; — your daughter 
 
 to me, gabaddada i meri ; 
 
 t!.j.,gurso; w.r., merso; marry 
 
 your sister-in-law in a second 
 
 marriage, dumal. 
 marsh, n., rubad, — ki. 
 marvel, n., yab, — ^ki. 
 marvellous, a., yaban, yableh, la 
 
 yabsan. 
 
MAS 
 
 238 
 
 MEE 
 
 masculine, «., (sex) rag, — gfi. 
 
 mason, n., bani, — gi. 
 
 mass, n., (lump) fud, — ki ; (heap) 
 
 tul, — ^ki. 
 Mass, «., (holy sacrifice) haddas, 
 
 — ki. 
 mast, «., dahal, — ^ki. 
 master, n., sakeb, — ki, mahadin, 
 
 — ki ; school , mu'alim, — 
 
 ki, fihi, — gi, bara,— iM. 
 master, v.tr., u tali ; (subdue) 
 
 jar'a bar, laili, dastur him 
 
 karaw. 
 masticate, v.tr., 'alali, rabso. 
 mastication, n., 'alal, — ki, 'alalis, 
 
 — ki, rabsi, — gi. 
 masturb, jj.ir., ka'si ; v.r., ka'so. 
 masturbation, n., ka'si, — gi. 
 mat, n., dermo, — adi, harar, — ki, 
 
 kebed, — di. 
 match, «., (lucifer) haraf, — ki, 
 
 kebrid, — di. 
 mate, «., (companion) wehel, — ki. 
 maternity, «., hoyanimo, — adi, 
 matrice, n., (womb) rimai, — gi, 
 
 ur, — ^ki. 
 matrimony, n., gur, — ki. 
 matter, »., (pus) de'an, — ki, ma- 
 
 lah, — di ; (cause) sabab, — ^ti, 
 
 ed', — di; what is the — 1 eddu 
 
 wamahai? ormahadlehdabai? 
 
 I make no — of it, yelkisa ! 
 maturate, v.tr., bislai. 
 mature, a., bisil. 
 maturity, n., bisail, — ki ; age of 
 
 — , gan, — ki ; the man at the 
 
 age of — , gad. madowbai. 
 maw, n., (stomach of birds) bog, 
 
 — gi. 
 maxim, n., mahmah, — di. 
 
 may, aux.v., kar ; you — if you 
 
 wish, badad rabtid wa karta ; 
 
 if it — be, hadai jiri karto ; 
 
 if I ^ — say so, hadan sida odan 
 
 karayo ; as much as — be, 
 
 intad kartid. 
 meadow, n., doh.0, — adi. 
 meal, n., 'lumo,— adi, hadimo, — 
 
 adi, suhur, — ti, afur, — ki ; 
 
 take your — , suhuro. 
 mean, a., (ba*e) fadud. 
 meaning, n., ma'nai, — iM; what 
 
 is the — of this word ? eraiga 
 
 ma'nihisu wa mahai ? 
 meanness, «., fiidaid, — ki.J 
 means, n. ; by all — , kolleb ; by 
 
 no — , sina. 
 measure, «., gedka lugu Myaso, 
 
 mailin, — ki; take the — , hi- 
 
 yas ; v.tr., dudumi, dira'. 
 meat, n., Mlib, — ki, jimid, — ki, 
 
 'ad, — ki, mnhmad, — di, kum- 
 
 bis, — ki, jid,— ki; fat of — , 
 
 barur, — ^ti. 
 meddle, v.tr., ga'an geli. 
 mediate, v.tr., ga'an geli, heshisi, 
 
 tali. 
 mediation, »., beskis, — ti, talo, 
 
 — adi. 
 mediator, n., taliya, — ihi. 
 medicament, n., daimo, — adi. 
 medicine, n., dawo, — adi, sa- 
 
 naho, — adi ; give — , dawai. 
 medicinal tree, «., gugubod, — ki. 
 meditate, v.i., bubso. 
 meditation, n., hubsad, — ^ki. 
 medley, n., iss ku daran, — ki, 
 meek, mild, a., habow. 
 meet, v.tr., la kulan ; o.i., iss 
 
 urura. 
 
MEE 
 
 239 
 
 MIN 
 
 meeting, n., kulan,— ki, shir, — 
 
 ki, urur,— ki; have a — , shira, 
 
 so shira. 
 m elan chol y,w., wahan, — ki,hulub, 
 
 — ki. 
 melancholic, a., hulubsan; be — , 
 
 wahan, hulub. 
 melon, n., bartih, — hi; water , 
 
 habhab, — ki ; wild — , unun, 
 
 — ki". 
 melt, v.tr., dalali, dahaji; — in, 
 
 ku dalali. 
 melted, a., shuban. 
 member, n., adin, — ki, lahad, — 
 
 ki. 
 membrum virile, n., gus, — ki, 
 
 hodo, — ihi, buryb, — adi. 
 memory, n., husus,^ — ti, fahmad, 
 
 — di. 
 mend, v.tr., (repair) kar, hor, 
 
 kab, hodob. 
 metises, n,, dig, — gi, hail, — ki. 
 mentioDj v.tr., sheg ; do not — , 
 
 ha ba shegia. 
 merchandise, n.,alabo, — adi, holo, 
 
 — ihi, mod, — ki, saman, — ki. 
 merchaiit, «., baya mnshtari, — 
 
 gi, dilal, — ki. 
 merciful, a., naharisleh, rahim, 
 
 — ki, nin rahijmah. 
 mercy, n., nahadin, — ti, naharis, 
 
 — ti, rahmad, — di ; have — , 
 
 nah, uahariso. 
 merit, v.tr., galabso ; v.e., ga- 
 
 labsi. 
 merry, a., badadsan, farahanah. 
 mesh, n., god, hog; there was 
 
 plenty of tish in the meshes ot 
 
 the net, godadka shabagga 
 
 kalun badan ba kn jirai. 
 
 message, n., war, — ki. 
 
 messenger, n., war had, — di, war 
 kena, — ihi. 
 
 Messiah, n., elmessieh, Kristos, 
 'Issa el messieh. 
 
 method, n., hagajis, — ki. 
 
 mewing, ?»., dogor rugmad,- 
 ki. 
 
 mid-day, n., had, — di, duhur, — 
 ki. 
 
 middle, midst, n., deh, — di ; go 
 in the — , u dahai. ' 
 
 midwife, n., umiiliso, — adi. 
 
 might, n., hog,— gi, ital, — ki ; 
 anx.v., kari laha. 
 
 mighty, a., hog wein, huwad 
 leh. 
 
 migrate, v.i., gur. 
 
 migration, n., gurnin, — ki. 
 
 milk, n., 'ano, — ihi ; fresh — , 
 dai, — di ; — of ewe, 'ana 
 idad ; — of goat, 'ana riad ; 
 fresh camel's — , hor, — ki ; 
 sour — , 'ano danan ; sour — 
 of camels, karur, — ti ; turned 
 — , bah ; the — has turned, 
 'anaha bahai ; curdle — , ga- 
 dod, — ki; butter — , ir, — ti; 
 — and vvater mixed, badah, — 
 hi ; — and butter — mixed, 
 buhbnhod,— ki, weildo, — adi. 
 
 milk, v.tr., liss, so liss, mal, so 
 mal, mahar ku mal, darar 
 mal. 
 
 million, nmn., toban bohol o kun. 
 
 mind {see intellect). 
 
 mind, v.tr., hubso, foyigow; — 
 well what I say, wahan ku 
 lehahai ad u hubso ; — your 
 busintss, dantada foyigow ; 
 
MIN 
 
 240 
 
 MOO 
 
 — your health, afimadka daiir ; 
 
 I shall — the boy, wilkan jiri; 
 
 v.r., iss ka daur, iss ka eg, iss 
 
 ka jir, nin fojigan ahaw; v.tr., 
 
 (put in — ) husTisi. 
 mine {see Grammar), 
 mingle, v.tr., (mix) iss ku dar, 
 
 hosh, walah. 
 minute, n., minit,— ki. 
 . miracle, n. , wah. an la karin. 
 mire, n., (mud) dohbo, — adi. 
 mirror, n., biladaya, — ihi, mura- 
 
 yad, — di. 
 misadventure, n., ayan hmno, — 
 
 adi. 
 misbehave, v.i., abur humaw. 
 misbehaviour, n., abur hull. 
 misbelief, n., amin hlUl. 
 miscarriage, n., ilma ka homan, 
 
 — ki. 
 miscarry, v.i., ilma iss ka hon ; 
 
 V.C., Uma ka hon. 
 mischief, n., histi, — gi, wah 
 
 yello, — adi ; do some — , wah 
 
 yel. 
 mischievous, a., wah yellaleh ; 
 
 n., wah yel, — ki. 
 miser, n.', bahail, — ki, bahailad, 
 
 — di, dabhal, — ki, masug, — 
 
 gi, mndal,— ki. 
 misfortune, n., ayan humo, — 
 
 adi. 
 mislead, v.tr., hatal, halhal ; be 
 
 misled, hatalan. 
 misleader, n., mahawi, — gi. 
 mist, n., 'iro, — adi. 
 misty, a., 'iraisan. 
 mistake, n., hatalad, — di, Uow- 
 
 sho, — ihi ; be mistaken, hata- 
 lan. 
 
 misunderstand, v.tr., si hun 
 
 garo. 
 mix, v.tr., halad, iss ku halad. 
 mixture, n., halad, — ki. 
 moan, n., tah, — hi ; v.i., tah. 
 mob, n., buh, — hi. 
 mock, v.tr., luhufi or luhfi, ku 
 
 hosol; mockery, n., luhuf, — ki. 
 mode, n., si, — di. 
 modest, a., hil or hishod badan ; 
 
 be — , hisho. 
 modesty, n., hishod, — ki, hil, — 
 
 ki. 
 modify, v.tr., bedel. 
 moist, a., hoiyan. 
 moisten, v.tr., hoi. 
 molar tooth, n., gows, — ki. 
 molest, v.tr., dali, kaga 'eisi, ha- 
 
 nuji. 
 moment, n., 'abbar, — ki. 
 Monday, n., isnin, — ti. 
 money, n., la'ag, — ti ; — box, 
 
 case, or linen — bag, kish, — 
 
 ki; leathern purse, kishad, — di. 
 monition, n., wano, — adi. 
 monk, n., wadad, — ki. 
 monkey, n., dayer, — ki, 
 monsoon (N.E.), n., bad fnran, 
 
 — ki; (S.W.) bad hidan,— ki. 
 month, n., bil, bishi, the ... 
 monthly, ad., bil walba ; I go to 
 
 Aden — , bishi ba mar ban 
 
 Aden taga. 
 moon, n., dayah, — hi ; — light, 
 
 'addo, — adi; 'half — , dayah 
 
 badki ; full — , dayah dan, 
 
 dayihhidama; new — ,' dayah 
 
 'usub ; quarter of the — , bil, 
 
 — shi. 
 moor, n., (marsh) rubad,— ki. 
 
MOR 
 
 241 
 
 MYS 
 
 more, a., ka badan, ka ron ; will 
 you have — ? ma ka badsa- 
 naisa? ad., once — , mar kaleh; 
 no — , never — , in, iuta ka 
 dambaisa. 
 
 moreover, ad., well ba. 
 
 morning, n., aror, — ti, subah, — 
 ihhi ; this — , saka ; early — , 
 aroryo, — adi. 
 
 morning star, n., hidag aroryo, 
 Mdigti wa beri. 
 
 morrow, n., berri, — di ; to — , 
 ad; berri, berrito ; until to — , 
 halkiyo berri. 
 
 mortal, a., nafta dila. 
 
 mortar, n., (to grind in) malkad, 
 — ki; — of wood, moya or 
 moyai, — ihi; (lime and sand 
 mixed) nurad, — di. 
 
 mosquito, n., kane'o, — adi. 
 
 most, a., ka wada badan, ugu 
 badaa. 
 
 mother, n., boyo, — adi ; in- 
 law, soddoh, — di. 
 
 motive, n., ed, — di, sabab, — ti. 
 
 moulting (see mewing). 
 
 mound, n., dud,— ki,gn"nbiir,— ti. 
 
 mount, mountain, n., bur, — ti. 
 
 mount, v.i., (go up) kor, fill. 
 
 mourn, mourning [see Inment). 
 
 mouse, n., jir yar,— ki, — a; a 
 small — , bara dubleh. 
 
 moustache, n., sharub, — ti. 
 
 mouth, n., af, — ki. 
 
 mouthful, n., 'antugo,— adi, luji- 
 mad, — di ; give a — , 'antuji. 
 
 move, v.tr. and v.i., dahdahah, 
 baid, du, durug, so'o, lul, 
 walah ; — from, off, ka baid, 
 ka diirug, ka du, ka so'o. 
 
 movement, n., dahdahah, — hi, 
 
 walah, — hi. 
 much, a.., badan ; as — , so — , 
 
 inta, intas, inta o kaleh. 
 mud, n., dohbo, — adi, dohbo ha- 
 
 redad. 
 muddy, a., dohbo badan, saboh ; 
 
 — place, didi, — gi. 
 mug, n., kalah, — ^hi. 
 mule, n., bahlad, — di ; he — , 
 
 bahlad lab. 
 multiplication, n., tarin, — ki. 
 multiply, v.tr., tar; be multiplied, 
 
 taran. 
 multitudp, n., dad badan, buh, — 
 
 hi, urur, — ki. 
 murder, v.tr., dil. 
 murderer, n., dila, — ihi. 
 murmur, mumble, v.i., gunus,. 
 
 hos u guh ; n., gunus, — ki. 
 muscle, n., merji, — gi. 
 mushroom, n., warik, — ^ti. 
 music, «., hes, — ti. 
 musk deer, n., beira, — ihi. 
 musulman, n., muslim, — ki. 
 mute (see dumb), 
 mutton, n., hilib idad, — ki, idaha. 
 muzzle, «., gafur, — ki, afiif, — ti; 
 
 v.tr., aftif ; (only tying) gauaf. 
 myope, a., arag darran, ima^ 
 
 mowsan ; be — , imamowsan. 
 myopy, n., imamowsi, — gi. 
 myrrh, «., malmal, — ki; — tree, 
 
 didhin, — ki ; false — tree, ha- 
 
 baghadi, — gi. 
 my, p.prn. (see Grammar), 
 mystery, n., wah an la garan, 
 
 wah an la karin. 
 mystification, n. uggoyo, — adi. 
 
NAI 
 
 242 
 
 NEW 
 
 N. 
 
 nail, n., (of the finger) 'iddi, — di; 
 
 iron — , mismar or musmar, — 
 
 ki. 
 nail, v.tr., musmar, 
 naked, a., hawan. 
 nakedness, n., hawanan, — ^ti. 
 name, ?i., maga', — hi ; v.tr., u 
 
 MM, ugu yed. 
 nape, n., (joint of the neck) sa- 
 
 gan-madon, — ti. 
 narrate, v.tr., sheko u mari, u 
 
 shekai. 
 narrative, n., sheko, — adi. 
 narrow, a., 'edidi. 
 narrowness, n., 'edidi, — gi. 
 nasty (see dirty), 
 nation, n., habUo, — adi. 
 nativity, n., dalnin, — ti. 
 natural child, n., wa'al, — ki. 
 nature, n., dunyo, — adi; (temper) 
 
 abur, — ^ki, — ^ti. 
 naughty, a., hun. 
 nausea, n., yihyihsi, — gi. 
 navel, n., hunduT, — ti ; — string, 
 
 hudun,— ti. 
 navigate, v.i., dof. 
 navigation, n., dof, — ki, dofiiin, 
 
 — ti. 
 nay word, n., (refusal) dafirad, — 
 
 di. 
 near, ad. a.nAprp., ag, agta, dow, 
 
 sokai, higta ; be — , dowow, 
 
 big ; come — , so dowow, so 
 
 durug; go — , u dowow, u 
 
 durug ; put — , so dowai, u 
 
 dowai, iss ku dowai. 
 nearness, «., dowan, — ti. 
 neat, a., sbuban. 
 
 neck, TC., hor, — ti. 
 
 necklace, »., horhid, — ki, kul, — 
 
 shi, jilbad, — di. 
 need, ra., (want) dan., — ti, tabalo, 
 
 — adi ; (poverty) baho, — adi. 
 needy (man), a., (nin) 'aidah, 
 
 'aid, — ki. 
 needle, n., irbad, — di ; big — , 
 
 mahad, — ^ki. 
 negligence, n., fojiglaan, — ti. 
 negligent, a., mog, mogai. 
 negotiate, v.tr., deh-gal. 
 negro, »., sawahili, — gi, adon, — 
 
 ki, — ti, bidai, — ihi. 
 neigh, v.i., danan ; neighing, n., 
 
 danan, — ki. 
 neighbour, «., deris, — ki. 
 neighbouriiood, n., derisnimo, — 
 
 adi, 
 neither, ad., midna. 
 nephew, n., inanki or ina walal- 
 
 kai, walalkai ba dalai, wala- 
 
 shai ba dashai. 
 nest, «., bul, — ki, 
 net, 11., shabak, — gi. 
 nettle, n., ged hajin, — ki. 
 nettle-rash, n., addo,- — adi, hajin, 
 
 — ti. 
 neutral tint, a., owlaled. 
 never, ad., abadan, abkai, abid- 
 
 kaiaa, weligai ; — mind, yel- 
 
 kisa, yelkeda. 
 nevertheless, c, ha ahato, ha 
 
 ahataie. 
 new, a., 'usub, 'usba. 
 news, 11., war, — ^ki ; good — , 
 
 nabad, — di ; bring — , war gei 
 
 or ken ; bring — from, ka war 
 
 ken ; a man receiving — , war- 
 
 hab, — ki. 
 
NBX 
 
 243 
 
 OAT 
 
 next, a., dow, sokai, Mga ; tlie 
 — house, ahalka sokai or dow 
 or Mga ; the — month, bisha 
 danibe ; the — day, berri ; 
 tell me the — word, eraiga ka 
 sMshaiya i shag ; I will do 
 better — time, mar dambe wan 
 ka wanagi ; be — to, hig, 
 
 nib, n., 'aro, — adi. 
 
 nice, a., bahsan, ad, dor, shuban, 
 wauaksan. 
 
 nicely (make), v.tr., horhi, horoh 
 u yel, wanaji, hagaji! 
 
 niceness, n., wanag, — gi. 
 
 nickname, n., nanais,^ — ti. 
 
 niece, n., (my) gabaddi or inanti 
 walalkai or walashai. 
 
 night, 11., habein, — ^ki ;. (time of 
 sleeping) sah,— di ; mid — , 
 sah dehe; to — , 'awa; last 
 — , halai ; go at — , gud. 
 
 nightmare, n., awawi, — gi. 
 
 nine, num., sagal, — ki. 
 
 nineteen, num., sagal iyo toban, 
 — ki. 
 
 ninety, num., sagashau, — ki. 
 
 ninth, num., sagalad, — ^ki, — di. 
 
 nip, «.., (pinch) hanjido, — adi; 
 v.tr., hanjidi. 
 
 nipple, ra.,(teat of the breast) ib,-ti. 
 
 no, ad., maya, maha. 
 
 nobody, n., 'iddina. 
 
 noise, «., sanhad, — di, hab or 
 habhab,— ti^ had, wa',— di, 
 ban, — di, baf! fof, — ki; make 
 a — , kaga sanhadi. 
 
 nomad, ad. and «., rer gura, — 
 gi ; Somals are a — people, 
 dadka Somalied wa dad an 
 mel la ku badin. 
 
 none, prn., midna, middina. 
 noon, n., duhur, — ki, bad, — di ; 
 
 after — , duhurka dabaddisa. 
 noose, «., (running knot) STiryo, 
 
 — adi. 
 noose, v.tr., suryai. 
 north, «., jab, — hi. 
 nose, n., sail, — ki ; flat — , san 
 
 baUadan ; wipe your — , sinso, 
 
 iss ka tir, iss ka simi. 
 nostril, n., dul, — ^ki. 
 not, ad., an, ma ; there is — , ma 
 
 jiro ; is it — ? so ma aha ? 
 nothing, ad., babab, wabba. 
 notice, «., war, — ki. 
 notify, v.tr., ogaisi, warran. 
 nourish, v.tr., sabbar, sorsi, sab- 
 
 baro. 
 now, ad., aminka, iminka, had- 
 
 dai, badder; — a-days, hatan; 
 
 just — ,imiiikada, haddadatan. 
 now, c, haddaba, haddeb. 
 number, n. , (mark) siimad, — ^ki ; 
 
 (sum) tiro, — adi ; a certain — , 
 
 daur, — ^ki. 
 numbness, «., kabubiyo, — adi. 
 numerous, a., badan, tiro badan. 
 nuptial, n., aros, — ki. 
 nurse, ra., umuliso, — adi. 
 nut, n., (cocoa-nut) narajin, — ti ; 
 
 earth — (arachis), los, — ki. 
 
 oar, «., seb, — ki. 
 oath, n., dar, — ti, iman, — ti, ah- 
 di,— gi. 
 
 E 2 
 
OBE 
 
 244 
 
 OPE 
 
 obedience, n., dega nugail, — ki, 
 
 dega nuglan, — ti. 
 obedient, a., dega nugul. 
 obey, v.tr., (be obedient) dega 
 
 nuglow, degaiso, yel. 
 objurgation, n., masabidnimo, — 
 
 adi. 
 oblige, vJr., (compel) hasab, mu- 
 
 htuii. 
 oblique, a., hallohan, ma tosna, 
 
 ma sbubna. 
 obliterate, v.tr., babibi. 
 oblivion, n., ilowsho, — ihi. 
 observe, v.tr., indai. 
 observation, w., indo, — ibi. 
 obstruct, v.tr., 6d. 
 obstructed, a., odan. 
 obtain, v.tr.-, hel, ma'ash. 
 Occident, «., galbed, — ki. 
 occupation, n., haul, — sbi, sbu- 
 
 hul, — ki. 
 occupy, v.tr., sbahaisi; v.r., hau- 
 
 shada babso. 
 occur, v.i., nobo ; it occurs, wah- 
 
 bai nobotai. 
 ocean, n., bad, — di. 
 odor, «., ur, — ti. 
 odoriferous, a., udgon. 
 of, off {see Grammar), 
 offence, n., tahsir, — ti, dembi, — 
 
 gi. 
 
 offend, v.tr., 'ai. 
 
 offer, v.tr., u bihi. 
 
 offering, n., sadahad, sadabad 
 
 Ebbahai lo gubai. 
 office, n., (place, ) hafis, — 
 
 ki. 
 often, ad., gor, kol, mar badau, 
 
 daur gor, bajaila, yala. 
 oil, «., salid, — di. 
 
 old, a., gabow, dubab, dugab; 
 
 — man, odai, — gi, islan, — ki, 
 wadad, — ki, wayel, — ki; — 
 woman, babar, — ti, islan, — ti, 
 wadadad, — di ; — age, da 
 wein, gabow, — gi ; — people, 
 dad gabowbai, nin da wein, 
 dub, — di ; — thing, dug; 
 grow, be — , v.i., gabow ; — 
 times, beriyihi horai. 
 
 omen, n., fal, — ki. 
 
 omit, v.tr., iss ka da, ka hadi; 
 be omitted, ka had. 
 
 omnipotence, n., huwad, — di. 
 
 on, prp., ku, dul, dusha. 
 
 onager, n., (wild ass) gumburi, — 
 gi. 
 
 once, a., (one time) mar ; (for- 
 merly) beri, — gi, wa, — gi, 
 beri horai, wa horai, kolki 
 horai, kolki ; it was — , beri 
 or wa wahha jirai. 
 
 one, num., kow, — di, mid, — ki, 
 — di ; — by — , mid mid ; less 
 — , mid la ; it is all — , gidi 
 wa iss ku wada mid ; it is all 
 
 — to me, gidi wa iss ugu kai 
 mid ; it is all — as if you tliii-'w 
 your money into the river, gidi 
 wa mid sidad la'agtadi dnr- 
 durka ku ridai ; every — , mid 
 walba ; they eat — another, 
 wa iss 'unan ; — handed, gar 
 'an keliab leh. 
 
 onion, w., basal, — sbi. 
 
 only, a., (single) keliab ; ad., 
 un. 
 
 open, v.tr., fur ; a., banan, fa- 
 ran. 
 
 opening, n., fumin, — ti. 
 
OP I 
 
 246 
 
 PAI 
 
 opinion, n., talo, — adi, tashi, — 
 
 gi- 
 opposite, a., hor, horti, 
 opposition, re., asarar, — ki, did- 
 
 nin, — ti. 
 oppression, n., 'eho, — adi, 'eha- 
 
 sho, — adi. 
 opulent, a., hodanah, holo ba- 
 
 dan. 
 OT, c, ama, amase, mase, mise. 
 orange, w., lin ma'an, — ti, — aid. 
 orrler, n., (command) hukum, — 
 
 ki ; (regular disposition) haga- 
 
 jis, — ^ki ; v.tr., (command) u 
 
 dir ; (regulate) hagaji, wanaji, 
 
 hagajiso, wanajiso. 
 orient, w., bari, — gi. 
 origin, w., horau, — ti. 
 ornaments, w., (for women) siya- 
 
 had, — di. 
 orphan, «., agon, — ki (mas.), — 
 
 .ti(/m.), rajai,— gi. 
 oryx, w., (beisa antelope) bi"id, 
 
 — ki. 
 ostrich, n., gorayo, — adi ; male 
 
 — , gorai,— gi, halda,— gi. 
 other, a., kaleh ; the — , ki ka- 
 
 leh, kau kaleh ; another, mid 
 
 kaleh. 
 otherwise, c, hadikaleh. 
 our (see Grammar), 
 out, 'prp., dibad, dibadda. 
 outcast, a., dairsan, la na'ai. 
 outcry, n., dawah, — ^hi, hailo, — 
 
 adi, sawahan, — ki. 
 outside, ad., dibadda; n. andac?., 
 
 duled,— ki; he is — , isagu 
 
 duledku joga. 
 oven, «., mufo, — adi. 
 over, prp., dul, dusha, gud, gud- 
 
 ka, kor ; — again, weliba ; be 
 
 — , ka sarrai. 
 overcome, v.tr., ka adkaw, dul- 
 
 mar. 
 overseer, «., mukadam or maha- 
 
 dinij — ki. 
 overtake, v.tr., gad. 
 overthrow, v.tr., dumi, ka dadi. 
 owe, v.tr. ; I — you money, la'ag 
 
 bad igu lehdahai. 
 owl,M., shimbir libah, — di; small 
 
 — , 'iow, — di. 
 own, v.tr., hire ; a., {see Gram.), 
 owner, n., nin ahalka leh. 
 ox, «., dibi, — gi. 
 
 pace, v.i., (step) talab ; n., tala- 
 
 bo, — adi. 
 pacha, n., basha, — ihi. 
 pacific, o., habow, nabdiya. 
 pacify, v.ir., nabdi. 
 pack, v.tr., hid ; (packet) hidmo, 
 
 — adi. 
 pack-saddle, n., (camel's) heriyo, 
 
 — adi. 
 pagan, n., gal, — ki. 
 page, «., (of a book) bal, — ki. 
 pail, w., baldi, — gi ; — of skin, 
 
 dandul, — sM, dowlis,— ki, go- 
 
 rof, — ki, wadan, — ti. 
 pain, w., (penalty) tahsirad, — di; 
 
 (ache) hanun, — ki, silei', — hi, 
 
 ta'ab,— ki. 
 pain, v.tr., (afflict) hanuni, ^a- 
 
 nuji, sUi'i; v.imp., hanun. 
 
PAI 
 
 246 
 
 PAT 
 
 painful, «., hanunsan, silei'san. 
 paint, v.tr., ranji ; m., (colour) 
 
 ranji,— gi. 
 pair, n., laba, labada, — di. 
 palate, n., danhanag, — gi, dan- 
 
 galah, — hi, liardad, — ^ki. 
 palm, «., (of the hand) baba'o, — 
 
 adi, ala'al or ala'anal, — shi, 
 
 saab, — ^ki. 
 palpitate, v.i., ror. 
 palsy, «., 'urian, — ki. 
 pan, n., dawa, — iM, 
 panca, n., bankad, — di. 
 pant, v.i., Mnrag. 
 panting, n., Mnrag, — gi. 
 panther, n., shabel, — ki, borgu- 
 
 mo, —adi, nimmer, — ki. 
 pap, n., (nipple) ib, — ti. 
 paper, n., warhad, — di, warah, 
 
 — di. 
 parable, w., mathal, — ki. 
 paradise, n., janno, — adi. 
 parallel, a., siman ; they are — , 
 
 bai iss u wada jirau. 
 paralytic, a., 'urianah. 
 parasol, n., dallayad, — di, 
 parcel, n., Mdmo, — adi. 
 parchedness, »., (of the mouth) 
 
 lun, — ^ki. 
 pardon, n., samab, — di, 'affi, — 
 
 gi; v.tr., samah, 'affi'; — each 
 
 other, iss 'affiya. 
 parent, n., walid, — ki. 
 park, «., (zariba) saribad, — di. 
 parricide, n., walad-inkar, — ki. 
 part, n., in, — ti, haib, — ^ti; (half) 
 
 go, — M ; (party), take his — , 
 
 la mel nobo. 
 part, v.tr., (partake) haib, kala 
 
 go ; — -with, kala gosta. 
 
 part, v.i., (quit) tag, ka tag ; we 
 must — , an tagno, an kala 
 tagno. 
 
 partial, v.i., (be) ka 'eho ; — sen- 
 tence, gar 'eho, — ti, 'ehada- 
 ahaid. 
 
 partiality, «., 'eho, — ;adi, 'eha^ 
 sho, — adi. 
 
 participate, v.tr., ha'ibso. 
 
 particle, m., in yar, — ti, — aid. 
 
 partner, n., mnshrik, — gi. 
 
 party, n., (faction) holo, — adi. 
 
 pasha, n., basha, — ihi. 
 
 pass, v.i., daf, mar ; he passed by 
 our door, albabkayagu marai ; 
 — away, daf; — along the 
 shore, hebta si mar ; v.tr., — 
 the river, durdurka ka talab j 
 we shall — the winter in the 
 town, guga an magalada ku 
 hadno ; — near, ag mar, iss 
 ku du ; — by the side, ges ka 
 mar ; — across, deh mar. 
 
 passage, n., (on bdard ship) dof, 
 — ki. 
 
 passenger, «., rakab, — ki. 
 
 pat, v.tr., salah ; n., (light blow) 
 salahid, — di. 
 
 patch, v.tr., kar; «., karrin, — ^ti, 
 
 paten, n., se'ni, — gi. 
 
 path, n., dau, — gi, jid, — ki, mar 
 rin, — ^ki. 
 
 patience, n., dulhadasho, — adi, 
 kadsi, — gi, sabir or samir,^ 
 ki, sugnin, — ti ; have — , or 
 be patient, daur, sug, samir, 
 dulbado, kadso. 
 
 patient, a., dulhadasho badan, 
 
 kadsileh, sugiunleh. 
 patriarch, n., batriyark, — gi. 
 
PAT 
 
 247 
 
 PEE 
 
 patron, n., abban, — ki. 
 
 pause, n., nasad, — ^ki. 
 
 paw, ra., baba'o, — adi. 
 
 pawn, n., dibasho, — adi, rahmad, 
 — di; v.tr.. rahan. 
 
 pay, v.tr., bihi ; «., (payment) 
 def, — ti, ha^ai, — gi, musha- 
 baro, — adi. 
 
 peace, w., nabad, — di ; heshis, — 
 ki, barah, — hi ; be in — , na- 
 bad gal,' nabad hab, nabad 
 geliyo ; they are living in — , 
 barah ba lo yal ; make — , v.i., 
 heshi, la heshi ; make — be- 
 tween them, v.tr., nabad hado, 
 heshisi, nabdi. 
 
 peak, n., 'aro, — adi, fih, — hi. 
 
 pearl, n., lul, — ki. 
 
 peasant, n., rer miyi, — gi. 
 
 pebble, n., dagah dihed, — ki, 
 hnniroh, — hi. 
 
 pedler, n., kabadai, — ihi. 
 
 peel, n., (rind) dir, — ki ; v.tr., 
 dil, dir ; the act of peeling, di- 
 rin, — ki. 
 
 peeled, a., diran, 
 
 peevish, a., hun. 
 
 peg, v.tr., (fasten with a peg) 
 d&dib; n., didib, — ^ki. 
 
 peg-top, n., druan, — ki. 
 
 pellicle, m.,holob, — ti, tohob, — ti. 
 
 pen, n., halim, — ki. 
 
 pencil, n., halim rasased. 
 
 penance, n., tobad or taubad, — 
 di; make — , tobad ken, to- 
 bad yelo. 
 
 penetrate, v.i., gal ; — into, 
 waren, geli. 
 
 penknife, n., mandil or madil, — 
 shi. 
 
 penitence, n., tobad, — di, ala'al, 
 
 — ki. 
 penitent, n., tobad-ken, — ki, ala- 
 
 'alsau. 
 pensive (be), v.i., wahan. 
 pensiveness, n., wahan, — ki. 
 penury, n., 'aidnimo, — adi. 
 people, n., dad, — ki. 
 pepper, n., filfil. — shi. 
 perceive, v.tr., arag, daren. 
 perfect, a., dan; the — work, 
 
 shuhulki dama. 
 perfection, n., damad, — ki. 
 perfidious, a., mahawiah, dadka 
 
 daga. 
 perforate, v.tr., daloli, ku maroji. 
 perform, v.tr., fal; he performs 
 
 his duties, dantisa ad bu 
 
 habta. 
 perfume, n., udgon, — ki ; act of 
 
 perfuming, unsi, — gi; — of 
 
 incense, umis, — ki; v.tr., nd- 
 
 gonai, nmi; v.r., iss udgonai, 
 
 nnso ; be perfumed, udgonow ; 
 
 it is perfumed, la udgonai. 
 perhaps, ad., malaha, mindah, 
 
 sow, show. 
 peril, «., 'absi,— di, bahdin, — ti. 
 perilous, a., 'absileh. 
 period, n., (of time) mudad, — di, 
 
 madal, — ki. 
 perish, v.i., bahti ; I — with 
 
 hunger, gajan la bahtiaya. 
 perjure (yourself), v.tr., bein ku 
 
 daro. 
 perjurer, n., dar jid, — ki. 
 perjury, m., bein, — ti. 
 permanent, a., adag. 
 permission, «., fasah, — ^hi, ruhsad, 
 
 — di. 
 
PEE 
 
 248 
 
 PIL 
 
 permit, v.tr., fasah, ruhsad si, 
 permute, v.tr., iss dafi, la iss dafi. 
 perpendicular, a., humatia}!. 
 .perpetrate, v.tr., fal. 
 perpetual, a., weligi damanain, 
 
 weligi idlanain. 
 persecute, v.tr., sili'i. 
 persecution, n., silei', — ihi. 
 perseverance, n., sabir or samir, 
 
 — ki. 
 persevere, v.i., sabir or samir. 
 persist, v.i., adkaw, si adag u 
 
 wad. 
 person, n., hof, — ki, 'id, — di, 
 
 hud, — di ; a nice aud good — , 
 
 hulyad, — di. 
 perspective, n., muh, — hi. 
 perspicacity, n., nejisnimo, — adi. 
 perspiration, «., didid, — ki ; being 
 
 in — , hursan, dididsan. 
 perspire, v.i., didid. 
 persuade, v.tr., sasab. 
 persuasion, «., sasab, — ki, sasab- 
 
 nin, — ti. 
 pertinacious, a., (obstinate) dega 
 
 adag, rifaiah. 
 perverse, a., hun. 
 pest, pestilence, n., kud, — ki. 
 pestle, n., moyai-tumai, — ihi ; 
 
 wooden — , tib, — ti. 
 petition, n., arji, — gi, ardal hal, 
 
 — ki. 
 phalanx, n., konton madafto, — 
 
 adi. 
 phantasma, n., muhasho, — adi. 
 phenomenon, n., umur, — ti, yah, 
 
 ki. 
 phosphorescent gleams of the sea, 
 
 n., galabildau or garabildan, 
 
 — ki. 
 
 photograph, n., sawir, — ki. 
 phthisic or phthysis, n., haho, — 
 
 adi, lahau,— gi ; — of cattle. 
 
 sambab, — ki, 
 phthisic, phthisical, a., nin lahau 
 
 haba. 
 physic, ra., (medicine) dawo, — adi, 
 
 da'imo, — adi ; practice — , da- 
 
 wai. 
 physician, n.,dahdar, — ki, hakim, 
 
 — ^ki, sanah, — hi. 
 physiognomy, n., weiji,— gi, jah, 
 
 —hi. 
 pice (money=4 pies), n., beisad, 
 
 — di. 
 pick, pick up, v.tr., gur ; — for, 
 
 u gur ; — for yourself, guro, 
 
 gurguro. 
 pick-tooth, n., findi'il gfura,— ihi, 
 picture, «., sawir, — ki ; v.tr., sa- 
 wir, 
 pictured, a., sawiran. 
 pie (Indian money), «., ardi, — gi, 
 
 aradi, — di {plur.). 
 piece, n., in, — ti, hubin,— ti ; 
 
 little — , in yar ; — of cloth, 
 
 karrin, — ti ; — of meat, 'ad, 
 
 — ki, 
 piece, v.tr., (mend) kar, kab. 
 pier, n., (a column) tir, — ki ; 
 
 (mole) deked, — di. 
 pierce, v.tr., daloU, ku maroji. 
 
 ku joji, waren. 
 piety, n., 'ibadad, — di. 
 pig, n., dofar, — ki. 
 pigeon, «., hamam, — ^ki. 
 pile, n., tir, — ki. 
 pUes, n., (hemorrhoids) kintob, 
 
 — ki. 
 pilgrim, n., haji,— gi. 
 
PIL 
 
 249 
 
 PLA 
 
 pilgrimage, n., haj, — ki ; make a 
 
 — , haji, so haji. 
 pillage, «., bot, — ki, da', di'hi 
 
 (the pillage), 
 pillow, w., barkimo, — adi ; a 
 
 wooden — , barki, — gi. 
 pimento, «., basbas or bisbas, — 
 
 ki. 
 pimple, n., fin, — ki, dnluluh, — 
 
 hi. 
 pin, «., irbad, — di ; hair — , har- 
 
 mil. 
 pincers, «., birrhab, — ki. 
 pinch, v.tr., hanjidi ; «., hanjido, 
 
 — adi. 
 pine,w.i., (languish) wei'dow; v.tr., 
 
 wei'dai ; v.r., iss weidai. 
 pipe(of wood, usedfor blowing), n., 
 
 gobais, — ki. 
 pirogue, n., hnri, — gpi. 
 piss, v.i; (urinate) kadi, so kadi ; 
 
 n., kadi, — di. 
 pistol, m., tumujad, — di. 
 pit, n., gun, — ^ti, 'el, — ki, gof, 
 
 — ki, god, — ki; — of the 
 
 stomach, labho, — adi ; — of 
 
 the knee, hagal, — shi ; — of 
 
 the arm, kilkilo, — adi. 
 pitch, v.tr., (fix) dab, rid. 
 pitcher, n., jalabad, — rdi, kussad, 
 
 — di. 
 pith, w., (marrow) duh, — M. 
 pitiful, a., uahsan ; be — , nah. 
 pity, n., nabadin, — ti, naharis, 
 
 — ti ; have — , nahariso. 
 place, n., mel, — shi, hal, — ki, 
 
 hag, — gi ; in another — , mel 
 
 kaleh ; put everything in its 
 
 right — , wah walba meshisa 
 
 hagagsan dig ; there is no — 
 
 for them, mel u ma haiuo ; in 
 all places, mel walba ; in some 
 — , mel un ; the first — is due 
 to him, meshu ugu sarraisa 
 isaga leh ; a — trodden by 
 camels, gelgelin ; a — out of 
 reach, harar, — ^ti; a — r in 
 which to hide stolen articles, 
 rar, — ti ; — in a boat, saUah, 
 — ihhi ; a clean — become 
 dirty, sabo, — di ; a — prepared 
 on a camel for small children, 
 guro, — adi. 
 place, v.tr., dig ; — on, sar, rar; 
 
 — for yourself, digo. 
 plague, n., kud, — ki. 
 
 plain, n., ban, — ki, banan, — ki, 
 gegi, — di, wasa'a, — hi, mel 
 wasa'ah doho, — adi, jan, — ki; 
 
 — surface, barahad, — di; a., 
 banan, siman; v.tr., banai, ba- 
 nanai, sin, iss kn sin. 
 
 plaint, II., (in justice) gar, — ti, 
 
 ashtako, — adi ; make a — , 
 
 gar u shego. 
 plait, n., (a fold) dubnin, — ti; — 
 
 of hair, tidei', — ihi; plaiting 
 
 (mats), falag, — gi; v.tr., dub; 
 
 (weave) faM, tidi'. 
 plan, n., tadbir, — ti. 
 plane, n., (surface) siman, — ki, 
 
 sinin, — ti. 
 plank, n., loh, — hi, alwah, — di. 
 plant, n., b'eir, — ti, ge'd, — ki; 
 
 v.tr., beir. 
 plaster, v.tr., nurad mari. 
 plate, «., se'ni, — ^^gi, su'un,— ti. 
 platter, n., (wooden) hedo, — adi, 
 
 hedo sibidi ; make a — , hedo 
 
 samai. 
 
PLA 
 
 250 
 
 POS 
 
 play, w., 'ayar, — ti, jalbeb, — ^ti ; 
 
 kind of — , sar, — ^ki, sa'ab, — 
 
 ki, walo, — adi. 
 play, v.i., 'ayar, jalbebo ; — at 
 
 cards, turub 'ayar, la walaiso ; 
 
 v.tr., (make play) 'ayarsi, jal- 
 
 bebi, walaisi. 
 pleasant, a., farahan, farahah. 
 please, v.tr., 'ajibi. 
 pleasure {see delight), 
 pledge, v.tr., (pawn) amano u dib, 
 
 rahan; w., amano, — adi, rah- 
 
 mad, — di, dibasho, — adi. 
 plentiful, a., barwahaisan. 
 plenty, n., barwaho, — adi. 
 pliable, a., (flexible) lilaisa ; the 
 
 — stick, usM lUaisai. 
 pluck, v.tr., (pull with force) SO 
 
 jid ; — off the feathers, plume 
 
 a bird, rif. 
 plunder, n., bob, — ki, da', — di'M, 
 
 jalalaha, — ihi; v.tr., bob, da', 
 
 jalalah. 
 plunge,m.,husid, — di, muhurasho, 
 
 — adi; v.i., ku da', bus, muhur; 
 
 v.tr., husi, muhuri. 
 pock, n., furuh. ; — hole, — mark, 
 
 furuhdon, — ki. 
 pocket, n., kishad, — di. 
 poem, poesy, n., gabai, — gi. 
 poet, n., gabaya, — gi. 
 point, n., 'aro, — adi, fih, — M, 
 
 dul, — sbi. 
 point, v.tr., (sharpen) dub, flh. ; 
 
 — out, tus, muji. 
 pointed, a., flhan. 
 
 poison, ra.,duiikal, — shi, sun, — ki, 
 urgumo, — adi, wabayo, — adi. 
 
 poisonous plant, «., waba or wa- 
 bai,— gi. 
 
 pole-star, n., hedig jah, — ti, 
 
 — ha. 
 police-station, n., tsboki, — gi. 
 policeman, n., askari, — gfi, su- 
 
 baihi, — gi. 
 polish, v.tr., 'adai, hob. 
 polite, a., edibsan, amusan, bas- 
 
 sar wauaksan, (nin) wayelah; 
 
 he — , edibsauaw ; cause to be 
 
 — , edbi. 
 politeness, n., edib, — ti, amus- 
 
 nan, — ti, 
 poll, n., (head of a tree) bar, — ^ki. 
 pollute {see defile), 
 polygamist, «., nin hilo badan. 
 pondj pool, n., balli, — gi, dog, 
 
 — ti, biya gal, — ^Lhi, biya ga- 
 
 len. — ki. 
 poop, n., bar dambai, — ki. 
 poor, a. and n., aid, — di, dagag, 
 
 — gi, dawaro, — adi, sabol, — 
 
 ki, nin dan darran, nin bar 
 
 ma leh. 
 porcupine, n., 'anabub, — ti. 
 pork, n., dofar, — ki. 
 porringer, n., hobad, — di. 
 port, n., (harbour) dekad or de- 
 
 ked, — di. 
 porter, n., hamal, — ki. 
 portion, n., haib, — ti. 
 possess, v.tr., bai, haiso, labaw; 
 
 I — , ana leb. 
 possession, n., lahan, — ti. 
 possible, a., (wahhasi) wa nohon 
 
 or wa jiri kara. 
 post, n., dabal, — ki ; — office, 
 
 dabal hafis, — ki ; — man, bar 
 
 diwaleh, — ihi. 
 posterior, a., wah gor dambe 
 
 di'i dona. 
 
POS 
 
 251 
 
 PEE 
 
 posterity, n., holo, — adi, 
 postscript, n., warhadda wah ku 
 
 dar. 
 pot, n., wel, — ki, dasad, — di, 
 
 deri, — gi, adar, — ki. 
 potato, TO., badaddo, — adi. 
 pot-bellied, a., alol wein, 
 potsherd, n., burbur, — ki, jab, — 
 
 ki, jajab, — ki. 
 potter, n., derya samais, — ki. 
 poultice {see cataplasm), 
 poultry, n., (fowls) had, — di. 
 pound, n., (weight) rodol, — ki ; 
 
 (money) gmni, — gi. 
 pound, v.tr., (grind) budli, tun. 
 pour, v.tr., shub, hub ; — in, 
 
 ku shub ; — water on the 
 
 boy's head, iuauka madahha 
 
 biyo kaga shub. 
 pout, TO., (a bird) una'as. — ti. 
 pout, v.i., (look sullen) dud ; 
 
 pouter, nin dudma badau. 
 pouting, «., dudmo, — adi. 
 poverty, to., dan darro, — adi, 
 
 sabol, — ki. 
 powder, to., (gunpowder) barud, 
 
 — di. 
 power, TO., huwad, — di. 
 powerful, a., huwad leh. 
 pox, TO., (small- or chicken-pox) 
 
 ged 'anod, — ki, fanto, — adi, 
 
 furuh, — ^hi. 
 praise, v.tr., aman; to., aman, — 
 
 ti. 
 prank, ra., luggoyo,— adi ; play a 
 
 — , luggo. 
 prate, prattle {see babble), 
 pray, v.tr., bari, do'ai or du'ai, 
 
 du'aiso, tuko, so tuko ; — for, 
 
 u tuko. 
 
 prayer, to., bariyo, — adi, du'p, — 
 
 adi, salad, — di, tukasho, — 
 
 adi. 
 preach, v.tr., wani, abhi; v.r„ 
 
 iss abhi. 
 preaching, to., wano, — adi, hadis, 
 
 — ki. 
 precede, v.tr., horai, naga horai. 
 precept, w., haul, — ki. 
 precipice, to., harar, — ^ti, jar, — ^ki. 
 precipitate, v-.tr., ka tur. 
 predecessor, n., ka horaiyai. 
 predication, n., wano, — adi. 
 predict, v.tr., fali, wah sheg. 
 prediction, w., wah sheg, — gi. 
 predictor, n., wah-sheg, — gi, nin 
 
 wah shega. 
 prefer, v.tr., ja'alaw. 
 pregnant, a., vac leh. 
 prepare, v.tr., kala hagaji, dig. 
 prepuce, to., (foreskin) balag, — ti. 
 prerogative, to., (privilege) sado, 
 
 — adi. 
 presbyte, a., il der. 
 presbyopy, n., il deran, — ti. 
 presence, n., jog, — gi. 
 present, a., joga, hadir ; God is 
 
 — everywhere, Ebbahai mel 
 
 walba wa joga or wa ku hadir. 
 present, n., (time) aminka, iminka; 
 
 (gift) hadiad, — di, sin, — ti. 
 present, v.tr., (offer) si, U dib, U 
 
 bihi. 
 preserve, v.tr., (save) dah, daho, 
 
 ka badbadi. 
 preside, v.tr., u sarrai, u tali, 
 president, to., taliya shirka. 
 press, v.tr., 'adadi, dis, tuji, iss 
 
 ku tuji. 
 pressed, a., disan. 
 
PEE 
 
 252 
 
 PRO 
 
 pressing, n., 'adadis, — ki, disin, 
 
 — ti. 
 presume, v.tr., (be confident) iss 
 
 faui. 
 presumption, n., fan, — ki, amar 
 
 weinan, — ti. 
 presumptuous, a., fan badan, 
 
 amar wein. 
 pretence, n., (false excuse) helad, 
 
 — di. 
 pretty, a., bahsan, fayo wanak- 
 
 san, horisho wanaksan. 
 prevail, v.tr., ka adkaw. 
 prevent, v.tr., (hinder) u did. 
 previous, a., horai. 
 price, n., gana', — di, ib, — ^ki. 
 prick, v.tr., mud. 
 pricking, n., mudnin, — ti. 
 prickly heat, n., hararad, — di, 
 
 hajin, — ti. 
 pride, n., amar, — ki, amar wei- 
 nan, — ^ti, falah, — ^hi, kibir, — 
 
 ki. 
 prince, «., amir, — ki, ugas, — ki. 
 print, n., (mark) astan, — ti, su- 
 
 mad, — di. 
 print, v.tr., daba'. 
 printed, a., daba'an. 
 printing, n., daba', — i'M. 
 prison, n., habsi, — gi, habis, — 
 
 ki. 
 prisoner, n., nin hidan, mid ma- 
 
 habistaah ; prisoners, mahabis, 
 
 — ti. 
 private, a., harson ; talk in — , 
 
 fab. 
 prize, n., def, — ti, abal, — ki. 
 probably, ad., malaba. 
 proceed, v.i., so'o, hor u so'o. 
 process, n., (suit) arin, — ti. 
 
 proclaim, v.tr., war gei, ogaisi. 
 procreate, v.tr., dal, yelo. 
 procure, v.tr., u hel. 
 prodigal, a., Inmai, nin lumai. 
 prodigy, n., iimur, — ti, yab,— ki. 
 produce, v.tr., abnr, yelo, dal, 
 
 sinif. 
 profess, v.tr., (declare openly) hiro. 
 profit, n., fayido, — adi, korod, — 
 
 ki. 
 profligate, a., Inmiyai, 
 profouiid (reverence), n., sujud, — 
 
 di, rako', — a'di. 
 profundity, n., husnr, — ki, husur- 
 
 nimo, — adi. 
 prohibit, v.tr., u did, ka bukuu. 
 prolific, a., dal badan, 
 prolong, v.tr., derai, dereri. 
 promise, v.tr., ballan. 
 prompt, a., (quick) fudfadud. 
 promulgate, v.tr., Ogaisi. 
 prone, a. ; we are — to evil, star 
 
 bainn higna. 
 prong, n., (fork) muda', — hi. 
 pronounce, v.tr., deb. 
 proof, n., marhati, — di. 
 prop, n., (support) tir, — ki, udub, 
 
 — ^ki. 
 propagate, v.tr., firdi. 
 propagated, a., firdisan. 
 propagation, n., Arid, — ki. 
 propel, v.tr., horo u wad, hor u 
 
 miihuni, 
 proper, a., hagagsan. 
 property, n., holo, — ihi, mal, — 
 
 ki, mod,— ki ; living — , holo 
 
 nol, — ihi, — a. 
 prophecy, n., nubnwad, — di. 
 prophesy, v.tr., fali, wah sheg. 
 prophet, »., nebi, — gi. 
 
PRO 
 
 253 
 
 PUT 
 
 propitiate, v.tr., heshisi, 'ada tir; 
 
 — for, tobad ken. 
 propitiator, n., hof heshisiya. 
 prostitute, «., dillo, — adi, haha- 
 
 bad, — di; hahabo, — Tia.{plur.); 
 
 v.tr., dillo or' hahabad ka dig. 
 prostrate, v.tr., berka dulka u 
 
 sar. 
 protect, v.tr., ilali, jir, karaw. 
 protection, «., ilalo, — adi. 
 protector, n., abban, — ki. 
 protract, v.i., (delay) rag. 
 protuberance, n., ka-so-bah, — ihi. 
 proud, a., amarsan, amar wein, 
 
 falahah, kibirsan ; be — , 
 
 kibir. 
 prove, v.tr., garai, marhati ku 
 
 fur ; — against, ku garai. 
 proverb, n., mahmah, — di. 
 provide, v.tr., masruf, sabbar. 
 providence, n., hekmad, — di. 
 provision, n., ji'sin, — ki, sahai, 
 
 — di. 
 provocation to fight, int., 'ar! 'ar! 
 
 idil. 
 provoke, v.tr., ka 'adaisi. 
 prow, n., (forepart of a ship) bar 
 
 borai, — ki. 
 prudence, n., foyigan, — ti, miyir, 
 
 — ki. 
 prudent, a., foyig, miyirsan, 
 
 miyir haba. 
 pruriency, n., hajin, — ti. 
 psalm, n., sabur, — ^ki. 
 puberty, n., baluhnimo,— adi. 
 public house, n., (stew) sheklad, 
 
 — di. 
 publish, v.tr., war gei, ogaisi. 
 puddle, n. , (muddy standing water) 
 
 didi, — gi, dirih, — di. 
 
 pufif, v.tr., (blow) afuf, bufi; (pant) 
 
 v.i., Mnrag. 
 puffing, n., (short breathing) hin- 
 
 rag,— gi. 
 pull, v.tr., difo or dufo, jid, jid- 
 
 jid, wad ; — to me, so jid, so 
 
 wad ; — from me to . . ., si jid ; 
 
 — up, kor u jid. 
 pulsation, n., dahdahah, — ^hi. 
 pulse, «., hidid. 
 pulverize, v.tr., budli. 
 pumpkin, «., dabbai, — ihi; (ves- 
 sel) bare, — adi. 
 punish, v.ti:, tahsir, hanuui. 
 punishment, n., tahsir, — ti. 
 pupU, n., (scholar) barad, — ki; 
 
 the — of the eye, isha inan- 
 
 keda or wilkeda. 
 purchase {see buy). 
 pure, a., miran. 
 purgation, «., dabib, — ki; effect 
 
 of a — , shuban, — ^ki. 
 purge, v.tr., dabib; v.i., shuban 
 
 or dabada ku shuban. 
 purgatory, n., 'adab yar, — ^ti, 
 
 — aid. 
 purpose, n., dama', — hi; pur- 
 posely, baga, hushi ; v.tr., 
 
 dama', don. 
 purse, n., kish, — ^ki ; leathern — , 
 
 kishad, — di. 
 pursue, v.tr., eri, ra'dai. 
 pursuit, n., ra'do,— adi. 
 pus (of a sore), «., de'an, — ki, 
 
 did, malah, — di. 
 push, jjushing, »., rih, — hi; v.tr., 
 
 rih ; — back, dib u rih ; — 
 
 hard, dis. 
 put, v.tr., dig ; — aside, digo, 
 
 dah, daho ; — out, away, eri ; 
 
PUT 
 
 254 
 
 RAI 
 
 — before, horaisi, horta dig ; 
 
 — after, dambaisi, dabadda 
 dig ; — between, dehdoda dig ; 
 
 — in, g^daha geli, ku shub, 
 ku rid ; — down, hosta dig, 
 dumi ; — on, upon, sar ; — 
 more, kordi ; — one over the 
 other, sarsar; — out (extin- 
 guish), bahti, sehi ; — up, 
 dusha sar. 
 
 putrefaction, n., hudun, — ki. 
 putrify, v.tr., hudini ; v.i., hudun. 
 
 Q. 
 
 quadruped, w., nef, — ki; a herd 
 
 of quadrupeds, rahan,— ti ; 
 
 kadin, — ^ki. 
 quail, n., (a bird) una'as, — ti. 
 quake, v.i., (shiver) garir. 
 quality, n., aslub, — ti. 
 quarrel, «., dagal, — ki, dirir, — 
 
 ti, housi, — gi, housimad, — ki, 
 
 ilah, — ti; v.i., dirir, dagalan, 
 
 u honso, ilahtan. 
 quarrelsome, a., baan. 
 quarter (J), num., wah, — di ; — 
 
 of the moon, bil, — bisM. 
 quarter, n., (of a town) hafad, — 
 
 di. 
 queen, n., malikad, — di, rani- 
 
 yad, — di; — at cards, rani, 
 
 — di. 
 quell, v.tr., (subdue) taba bar, 
 
 jarra bar, laili, dastur hnn 
 
 karaw. 
 quench (your thirst), v.r., iss 
 
 harad tir, iss on tir. 
 
 question, n., (query) sual, — shi ; 
 
 v.tr., sual. 
 quick (be), v.att., dahso, deg deg ; 
 
 — to fight, baan ; a., deraiyai. 
 quid, «., (of tobacco) noshug, — 
 
 gi. 
 quiescent (lie, remain), v.i., oil. 
 quiet, a., amusan; be — , amus, 
 
 amusnaw; v.c, amusi. 
 quietness, n., amusnan, — ti. 
 quietude, n., nasasho, — adi. 
 quill, n., bal, — ki. 
 quit, v.tr., da, na'. 
 quiver, n., (for arrows) gaboyai, 
 
 — ihi. 
 quoit, n., (palet) lif or luf, — ki ; 
 
 play at — , luf, lif la ayar. 
 
 R. 
 
 rabbit, n., bakaila or — lai, — iH. 
 
 race, n., has, — ki, holo, — adi, 
 jilib, — ki, rer, — ki, tol, — ki; 
 (running) baratan, — ki. 
 
 racket, n., buh, — ^hi. 
 
 radiance, radiancy, n., dalal, — ki. 
 
 radish, n., bahal, — ki. 
 
 rag, n., 'alal, — ^ki, harhad, — di, 
 suf, — ki. 
 
 rage, 71., 'ado, — adi, 'il, — ^ki; v.i., 
 'ado, 'adaisnaw, 'ilow, 'is ho, 
 'il u hab, 'il u surun ; — 
 against, u 'ado, u 'isho. 
 
 raillery, n., luhuf,— ki. 
 
 rain, n., rob, — ki; long and last- 
 ing — , mayai or ma'ai,— gi; 
 — water, hared, — di ; — is 
 
EAI 
 
 256 
 
 EEC 
 
 over, robki had; v.L, dah; it 
 
 rains, dah, 'irki dah. 
 rainbow, n., daigan, — ti, jegan, 
 
 — ^ti. 
 raise, v.tr., kor u had, sarai u 
 
 had, sara ke'i, tosi. 
 ram, n., wan, — ki. 
 ramble, v.i., warwareg, so war- 
 
 wareg; v.c, warwariji; w., 
 
 warwareg, — gi. 
 rancour, «., ur humo, — adi. 
 range, n., (of mountains) har, — 
 
 ki, buro iss ku yal, buraha 
 
 garbohoda. 
 range (see arrange), 
 rank, v.tr., tah, iss ku tah. 
 rap, v.tr., (snatch, away) da', ka 
 
 had, ka difo. 
 rapid, a., deraiyai; a — man, 
 
 horse, nin, faras deraiyai. 
 rascal, «., tug, — gi, nejis, — ^ki, 
 
 nin hayano leh, harami, — gi. 
 rat, «., jir, — ki; a small — , jir 
 
 yar. 
 rate, m., gana', — i'hi. 
 rattan, n., haisaran,— ti. 
 ravage, v.tr., da', ka da'. 
 rave, v.i., wallo. 
 raven, n., tuka or tukai, — ihi. 
 ravenous (see glutton), 
 ravish, v.tr., (take away) kufso. 
 raw, a., 'edin, 'edinah; a — fruit, 
 
 gaha'id, gahair, — ^ki. 
 rawness, n., 'edin, — ki. 
 rays, n., (of the sun) 'ad'ed, — di. 
 razor, n., mandil or madil,— shi, 
 
 mus, — ki. 
 reach, n., gadnin,— ti; v.tr., gad, 
 
 so gad ; make — , gadsi. 
 read, v.tr., ahri, nah, nahso. 
 
 ready, a., dan, daman; make — , 
 
 diyar garai ; get — for, u 
 
 halhal. 
 reality, n., run, — ti ; it is real, 
 
 wa runti. 
 realize, v.tr., abur, samai. 
 reap, v.tr., ururi. 
 rear, n., dambais, — ^ki, gutada 
 
 dabadeda ; (raise up) dis ; 
 
 (educate) kori. 
 reason, n., (faculty) miyir, — ki ; 
 
 (cause) ed, — di, sabab, — ti. 
 reasonable, ad., miyirsan, miyir 
 
 haba ; be — , miyir hab. 
 rebel, n., hasid, — ki ; v.i., hasid, 
 
 'asi. 
 rebound, v.i., dib u bod. 
 rebuke, v.tr., huruf. 
 receive, v.tr., ahbal, ka ahbal, 
 
 ka habo, ka hado. 
 recent, a., (new) 'usub ; recently, 
 
 ad., gor dowed. 
 recess, n., mel harson. 
 reckon, v.tr., tiri. 
 recline, v.i. and v.tr., ku tiri, ku 
 
 tirso. 
 recognize, v.tr., hiro, hususo. 
 recollect, w.^r., hususo; — every 
 
 day the things seen, heard and 
 
 read, wihhi ad aragtai, ama 
 
 mahashai ama ahridai 'asho 
 
 walba aloshada ka la tasho. 
 recompense, n., def, — ti, abal- 
 
 gud, — di, abal, — ki, ajar or 
 
 ajir, — ^ki ; v.tr., u abalgud, 
 
 abalmari, abal u hab. 
 reconcile, v.tr., heshisi, nabdi. 
 reconciliation, n., heshis, — ki. 
 reconnoitre, v.tr., so ilalai. 
 record, v.tr., hor. 
 
EEC 
 
 266 
 
 EEM 
 
 recover, v.tr., mar kaleh hel or 
 
 don ; v.i., bokso. 
 recreate, v.tr., 'ayarsi, jelbebi. 
 recreation, n., jelbeb, — ti. 
 rectify, v.tr., humati u aig, ba- 
 
 gaji. 
 rectitude, Ji., bagag^, — gi. 
 red, a., 'as, gudud. 
 redden, v.tr., 'asai. 
 reddish, a., 'asusleh, owlan; — 
 
 colour, 'asus, — ^ti. 
 redness, «., 'asan, — ^ki. 
 reduce, v.tr., din, yarai ; (to bring 
 
 to a state or condition) ka dig, 
 
 ka samai. 
 reed, 71., dur, — ki, — ti; a white 
 
 — , 'aus salol, — ^ki, jara', — 
 
 'ihi. 
 re-establish, v.tr., so 'eli, ku so 
 
 ^eli. 
 refection, n., afar, — ki. 
 refine, v.tr., (purify) mir. 
 reflect, v.tr., hnbso, alosbada la 
 
 tasbo, iss weidi. 
 reflexion, n., bubsad, — ki, 
 reflux, n., 'ari, — di. 
 reform, v.tr , aburta bun bagaji 
 
 or tosi. 
 refrain, v.tr., (repress) jarra bar, 
 
 tababar, amal bun iss karaw. 
 refresh, v.tr., habowji. 
 refusal, n., didnin, — ^ti, dafirad, 
 
 — di, inkirad, — di, 
 refuse, v.tr., dafir, did, inkir. 
 refute, v.tr., beini, 
 regard, n., (respect) mamas or 
 
 namus, — ki, — ti, murwad, — 
 
 di ; he does not — what you 
 
 say, isagu hadalkaga ma de- 
 
 gaisto or yelo. 
 
 regret, n., 'ala'al, — ki, homa- 
 mais, — ki, ur ku talo, — adi; 
 v.tr., u 'ala'al, iss hanuji, 
 bomamai, nr ku talo. 
 
 regular, a., bun. 
 
 reign, v.tr., hukun. 
 
 rein, n., hakamai, — ibi, 'ainan, 
 — ki. 
 
 reiterate, v.tr., hadalka ku nobo. 
 
 reject, v.tr., eri, na', iss ka na', 
 iss ka tur. 
 
 rejoice (see cheer). 
 
 relapse, v.i., (fall back) baddana 
 ku kuf. 
 
 relate, v.tr., (tell) sheg, u sheg, 
 ka sbekai. 
 
 be related to, v.i., big. 
 
 relation, relative, n., higal,— ki, 
 ga'al, — ^ki, higfto,— adi, holo, 
 — adi. 
 
 relax, v.tr., debi'. 
 
 release, v.tr., so furo. 
 
 relegate, v.tr., masafiri. 
 
 relegation, n., masafiris, — ki, 
 
 relent, v.i., diman; the heat re- 
 lents, hurki wa dinmaya, 
 
 relief, n.. Ml, — ki. 
 
 relieve^ v.tr., hili, 'awin. 
 
 religion, n., din, — ti. 
 
 relish, n., dadan, — ^ki ; v.tr., da- 
 dami. 
 
 rely upon, v.i., iss ku balai. 
 
 remain, v.i., had, jog, jogso ; — 
 behind, dambai; — with, la 
 bad, la jog ; v.c, joji, iss ka 
 reb ; act of remaining, badnin, 
 — ti; tlie remaining behind, 
 dambais, — ^ki; the remaining 
 part, badki hadai (sing.), ba- 
 dadki hadai {plur.}. 
 
EEM 
 
 257 
 
 BBS 
 
 remainder, n., had, — ki. 
 remedy, n., da'imo, — adi or dal'- 
 
 mai, — ihi. 
 remember, v.i., hususo, husus- 
 
 naw, ogow. 
 remind, v.tr., hususi, ogaisi. 
 remission, remit [see forgive and 
 
 forgiveness), 
 remnants, n., (of food around the 
 
 montli) dnfan, — ki ; (in the 
 
 teeth) findi'il, — ki ; picls: off 
 
 the — , findi'ilo. 
 5?emove, v.tr., diirki, du, ka du, 
 
 fogai, shuhulkisa ka liad ; 
 
 v.i., durug, gur, ka baid, ka 
 
 durug. 
 remuneration (see recompense), 
 rend, v.tr., dUa'i, jeh; — into 
 
 pieces, jehjeh. 
 Tendezvous, n., shir, — ki ; go to 
 
 the — , shirka tag. 
 lenounce (see forsake), 
 lenowned, a., (famous) lo ya- 
 
 han. 
 rent, n., (laceration) dila', — hi; 
 
 (revenue) — of a house, kiro, 
 
 — adi ; — of ground, ardiad, 
 
 — ki. 
 repair, v.tr., (an injury) halmari, 
 
 so halmari ; (mend) samai. 
 reparation, n., hal, — ki. 
 repeat, v.tr., niar kaleh deh, ku 
 
 laban. 
 repel, v.tr., (drive back) dib u 
 
 'eli, dib u eri. 
 repent, v.r., iss hanuji, u ala'al, 
 
 ala'alsanaw. 
 repentant, a., ala'alsan. 
 repine, v.i., gubo. 
 reply, v.tr., wah u 'eli. 
 
 report, n., (account) shati, — gi ; 
 
 v.tr., u sheg. 
 reprehend, reprimand, reproach, 
 
 v.tr., dagal, hanib, masabid. 
 represent, v.tr., (exhibit) muji. 
 reprimand, n., masabidnimo, — 
 
 adi. 
 reprobate, a., inkaran, inkarsan, 
 
 nin la 'adabai ; v.tr., 'adab, 
 
 hanib. 
 reprove (see reprehend), 
 reptile, n., bahal hosai, wahha 
 
 bog ku so'da. 
 repugnance, n., (of food) balaf, — 
 
 ki, yihyihsi,— gi. 
 repulse, v.tr., durki, huruf, eri. 
 repulsive, a., bas. 
 reputation, »., mamus, — ki, — ti, 
 
 namus, — ti, — ki ; of good — , 
 
 mamusleh. 
 request, n., weidis, — ki, aiji, — 
 
 gi ; — of a country, ardal hal, 
 
 — ki ; v.tr., weidi weidiso, 
 
 bari, dalbo, ka dalbo. 
 require, v.tr., don. 
 requital (see recompense), 
 rescind (see abrogate), 
 resemblance, n., ekan, — ti. 
 resemble, v.tr., u ekow; — each 
 
 other, iss u ekada, iss leh 
 
 ekada. 
 residence (see dwelling), 
 resign, v.tr., da, na'. 
 resist, v.tr., iss ka 'eli, habil, iss 
 
 karaw, u adkaiso. 
 resolution, «., talo, — adi. 
 resound, v.tr., diyan. 
 respect, m., namus, — ti, murwad, 
 
 — di ; v.tr., mamus, murwad, 
 respectable, n., (man) gob, — ki. 
 
 s 
 
RES 
 
 258 
 
 BIG 
 
 respiration, n.. neif, — ti. 
 
 respire, v.i., neiftiro, naso, neifso. 
 
 respite, n., ragnin, — ti. 
 
 respond for, v.i., damino. 
 
 respondent, n., damin, — ti. 
 
 rest, «., nasad, — ki, nasasho, — 
 adi ; v.i., jif, iss ka jif, naso, 
 neiftiro ; make him — , nasi, 
 
 restitution, n., helis, — ki, helin, 
 
 — ti. 
 restore, v.tr., so 'eli, ku so 'eli, 
 
 heli, so heli. 
 restrain (see refrain), 
 result, v., dog or dug, — ti ; bad 
 
 — , edis, — ti. 
 resurrection (the), n., sarraka'ha 
 
 jidka, sarraki'hi jidki, tos- 
 
 ninta jidka. 
 resuscitate, v.tr., nolai, nolaisi. 
 retain, v.tr., hai, haiso. 
 retaliate, v.tr., hisas. 
 retaliation, n., Msas, — ti. 
 retard (see delay). 
 retch, v.i., hunha' ; n., hnnha'o, 
 
 — adi. 
 retire, v.i., dib u jogso, ka tag, 
 
 'ari ; — from business, danta 
 
 ka tag ; v.tr., (take from) ka 
 
 had. 
 retract, v.tr., 'esho ; — your 
 
 words, hadalkaga 'esho. 
 retribution (see recompense), 
 return, n., so nohod, — ki ; v.i., 
 
 so noho, so laban, ku laban ; 
 
 v.tr., dib u si, 'eli, iss ka 'eli, 
 
 heli, so heli. 
 reunion {see assembly), 
 reunite, v.tr., nmri, iss ku dar. 
 revenge,?!., hisas, — ti, 'ollad, — di, 
 
 nr ku talo, — adi; v.tr., hisas^ 
 
 'olladi, ur ku talo. 
 revere, v.tr., murwad. 
 reverse, v.tr., forori, rog. 
 review, n., hadiris, — ki. 
 revindicate, v.tr., mar kaleh ha- 
 
 nan. 
 revive, v.tr., nolaisi ; — those 
 
 exhausted men, dadka goai so 
 
 nolaisi or so tosi ; v.i., (return 
 
 to life) so nolaw. 
 revolt (see rebe'). 
 
 revolve, v.tr., wareji; v.i., wareg.. 
 revolver, n., tumnjad,— di. 
 reward (see recompense), 
 rheumatism, n., hushashad, — di, 
 rhinoceros, n., wiyil, — ^ki. 
 rib, «., feid, — di. 
 rice, n., baris or beris or barid, 
 
 — ki. 
 rich, »., (man) hodan, — ^ki, ho- 
 
 danah, holo badan. 
 riches, n., duyo, — adi, 
 rid, v.tr., ka eri, ka badbadi^ 
 
 get — of a boy, ambi. 
 ride, v.i., ful; v.c, fuli. 
 ride, riding, n , fulimad, — di. 
 ridge, n., adah, — di, 
 rifle, n., see gun; v.tr., (ransack) 
 
 see plunder, 
 rift [see cleft), 
 rig, «., (top of a mountain) jar, — 
 
 ki. 
 right, a., (not left) midig ; — 
 
 hand, midig, — ti ; — side, 
 
 gesta midig. 
 right, a., (not ci'ooked) humati, 
 
 human, tosan, shuban; (up- 
 right) hagagsan, tagan, wa- 
 
 naksan ; be upright, hagag. 
 
BIG 
 
 259 
 
 BOU 
 
 hagagsanaw, tosnaw, huma- 
 
 naw ; make — , hagaji, humi, 
 
 tosi ; all — ! or all is — ! hau- 
 
 rarsan ! hayai ! it is — , wa 
 
 tos, wa run. 
 rigid, a., (severe) ^albi adag. 
 rim, n., (margin) girgir or jirjir, 
 
 — ki ; — of a glass, harhar, — 
 
 ki. 
 rind, n., (bark) dir, — ki, jilif, — 
 
 ti, holof, — ti ; v.tr., dil, dir. 
 ring, n., (for a finger) katun, — ki. 
 ring, v.tr., (to sound, as a bell) 
 
 gara', ku dnfo ; — the bell, 
 
 gandadi gara' or ku dufo, 
 ringlet, re., (of hair) ran, — ^ti, su- 
 
 narad, — di. 
 rip, v.tr., (tear, lacerate) dila'i, 
 
 jeh, jehjeh. 
 ripe, a., bisil. 
 ripen, ripe, v.tr., bislai ; the fruit 
 
 ripens or grows ripe, midki 
 
 bislanaya. 
 rise, v.L, ka', sarra ka', tos. 
 rise, rising, n., tosnin, — ti, 
 risk, v.tr., sasab ; n., bahdin, — 
 
 ti, sasab, — ti. 
 river, «., durdur,— ki, wadi, — gi; 
 
 dry — , doh,— M, tog,— gi. 
 road, «., darih, — M, Mlin, — ki, 
 
 jid,— ki. 
 roam [see ramble), 
 roar, n., (of the lion) jibad, — di ; 
 
 v.i., u jibad. 
 roast, v.tr., dub, dubo, sMl. 
 roasted, a., duban. 
 rob, v.tr., had, bob, da' ; be 
 
 robbed, da'an, da'anaw. 
 robber, «., tug, — gi. 
 robbery, m.,tugo,— adi, bob, — ki. 
 
 rock, n., dagah wein, dagihhi 
 
 weina, dakab, — ki, gumbiir, 
 
 — ti. 
 rod, n., ul, — sM, Ian, — ti, den- 
 
 ged, — di, sergad, — ki. 
 roebuck, n., (Clarke's) dabatag, 
 
 — ti. 
 rogue, n., harami, — gi, nin hara- 
 
 miah, tiig, — gi. 
 roll, v.tr., giringiri ; — up, dub^ 
 
 dudub. 
 roller-blind, n., alol, — ki. 
 roof, n., sahaf,— ki. 
 room, n., ahal, — ki, mahsin, — ^ki, 
 
 gurgur, — ki, hollad, — di, rar, 
 
 — ti. 
 root, n., jirid, — di, gun, — ti, hi- 
 
 did, — ki. 
 rope, n., hadig, — gi; — for 
 
 fastening a camel's neck and 
 
 leg, harharsi, — gi. 
 rosary, n., tusbah, — ^hi. 
 rot, v.i., (grow putrid) hudun ;, 
 
 V.C., (cause to — ) hudmi. 
 rotten, a., hudunsan. 
 rottenness, n., hudun, — ki. 
 rough, a., amal hun, baan, hun,, 
 
 halafsan. 
 round, a., hersan, kuriyaisan,, 
 
 gobaban ; make — , gobabi, 
 
 kuriyai. 
 round, n., gobabin, — ti, gobo, — 
 
 adi, kuriyaisnan, — ti ; ad., 
 
 harero, — aha ; move — , ku 
 
 wareg, waregaiso ; go — , ku 
 
 so wareg ; prp., harero, — ihi ; 
 
 go — the world, dunida ku so 
 
 wareg ; I went — the world, 
 
 dunida harereheda yan so 
 
 marai ; surround, v.tr., herai. 
 
 s 2 
 
EOU 
 
 260 
 
 SAL 
 
 rouse, v.tr., {see raise); v.i., bara- 
 rug, tos. 
 
 rove {see ramble). 
 
 roving clouds, n., 'adar, — ^fci. 
 
 row, n., (a line) sadar, — ki, tah, 
 tihhi; n., (tumult) sMddo, — 
 adi, buh, — hi ; make a — , 
 shiddai. 
 
 row, v.tr., (impel a boat) wad. 
 
 rub, v.tr., dug, mari ; — off the 
 skin, hago, haghago. 
 
 rubbish, «., hushash. 
 
 rude, a., halafsan. 
 
 ruin, n., jajab, — ki, rognin, — 
 ti. 
 
 rule, 11., haimin, — ki. 
 
 ruminant, n., alalnahsi, — gi. 
 
 ruminate {see chew). 
 
 rump (see croup). 
 
 run, v.i., 'arar, orod, ror; whither 
 do you — so fast ? baggad 
 dahsaba ugu ordaisa ? he lan 
 upon me, igu so 'ararai ; — 
 to his help, orod ou bili ; the 
 river runs by the mountain, 
 durdurku burtu so mara ; 
 time runs insensibly, wahtigu 
 bun yar bu so'oda ; his tongue 
 runs perpetually, gor iyo galab 
 af ka iss ku dari mayo ; — 
 away, ka 'arar, ya'a ; — after, 
 ka daba tag, radi. 
 
 rupee, n., rubiad, — di, rubad, — 
 di; half — , rubi, — gi. 
 
 rupture, n., (hernia) dobnin, — 
 ti. 
 
 rust, n., merid or mirid, — ki. 
 
 rustic, n., badow, — gi, nin ba- 
 dowah. 
 
 S. 
 
 Sabbath, n., sabti, — di. 
 
 sack, n., (bag) joniad, — di ; lea- 
 thern — , halhala, — ihi; (pil- 
 lage) da'nin, — ti. 
 
 sad, a., hulubsan; grow — , bu- 
 lub, wahan ; be — , hulubsa^ 
 naw; make — , hulbi, hulubsi. 
 
 sadness, n., hulub, — ki, wabau, 
 — ki. 
 
 saddle, v.t'f., korai ; n., kora or 
 korai, — ihi ; — bag, halhala, 
 — ihi ; camel's pack — , heriyo, 
 —ihi. 
 
 safe, a., 'absila, shilla, amiuah ; 
 be — , bari ; are you — ? ma 
 bariden ? be — , nabad hab. 
 
 saffran {see turmeric). 
 
 sagacious, a., fi'an, faridah, foyig. 
 
 sage, n., ahil, — ki, nin ahilah, 
 nin herribleh. 
 
 sailor, n., bahri, — gi. 
 
 sail, n., shira', — hi, shirah, — hi ; 
 v.i., dof. 
 
 saint, n., nebi, — gi, weli, — gi, 
 anliad, — di {fem.). 
 
 sake, n., awo, — adi, darad, — di ; 
 for the — of, daradda, awada. 
 
 salary, n., def, — ti, bahai, — gi. 
 
 sale, n., (by auction) harash, — ^ki. 
 
 saliva, n., alyo, — adi, dareir,— 
 ki ; thickness of — , Inn, — ki. 
 
 salt, M., 'usboh, — di, milih, — ^hi; 
 v.tr., 'usbai; a., 'nsbaisan, 
 danan. 
 
 salutation, n., salamad, — di; kind 
 of — , mot ! mot ! 
 
 salute, v.tr., salam, baridi. 
 
SAM 
 
 261 
 
 soo 
 
 same, a., iss leh eg, o kaleh, iss 
 
 la, iss ku mid. 
 sample, n., midal), — ki. 
 sanctify, v.tr., hodus ka dig ; be 
 
 sanctified, samo ; hallowed be, 
 
 ha samado. 
 sanctity, n., hodus, — ki. 
 sand, n., amud, — di, 'id, — di; 
 
 salted — , 'arro,— adi; — 
 
 storm, 'iro, — adi, sesa, sisa, 
 
 sigo, — adi. 
 sandal, n., kab, — ti; old and bad 
 
 — , jan, — ti ; wooden — , ha- 
 
 dafi',— hi. 
 sane, a., (healthy) (mel) afimad 
 
 leh. 
 sap, w., de'an, — ki. 
 sash, n., (girdle) gunti, — gi. 
 Satan, ra., shaidan, — ki, 'ifrid, — 
 
 ki. 
 satiate, v.tr.., dergi; be satiated, 
 
 dereg, deregsanaw. 
 satiate, satiated, a., deregsan. 
 satiety, n., dereg, — gi. 
 satisfaction, n., raho, — adi, rahad, 
 
 — di. 
 satisfactory, a., (suflScient) filan. 
 satisfy, v.tr., (content) rahaisi ; 
 
 (reward) u abalgud ; (make 
 
 payment) tohad ken. 
 Saturday, n., sabti, — di. 
 sauce, M., (remaining in ...) mu- 
 
 rud, — ki ; lick up the ..., 
 
 murdi. 
 savage, a., baan, bahal. 
 save, v.tr., (preserve) bihi, ka so 
 
 bihi; God — you, Ilah ku 
 
 badbadiyo ; I saved your life, 
 naftada ana badbadiyai ; 
 
 (spare) dah, daho, digo; (do 
 
 not spend) ha bihin, ha ku 
 
 ayarin. 
 saving, «., dahasho, — adi. 
 savour, n., dadan, — ki. 
 saw, m., (tool) minshar, — ki; n.tr.^ 
 
 jar, go. 
 say, v.i. and v.ir., odo (commonly) 
 
 deh, sheg, u sheg. 
 saying, n., mahmah, — di. 
 scab, w., holof, — ti. 
 scabbard, m., gal,— ki. 
 scald, w., (burning) gubnin, — ti; 
 
 — head, madah 'adai. 
 scale, n., (balance) misan, — ki. 
 scanty, a., (narrow) 'edidi. 
 scar, ra., nabar, — ki, dahar boksa- 
 
 dai, hon boksatai. 
 scarabeeus, n., (black and stink- 
 ing one) harwalwal, — ki. 
 scarce, a., yar. 
 
 scare, v.tr., (frighten) 'absi, baji. 
 scarlet, a., gudud, gududan. 
 scatter, v.tr., firdi; — on, ku 
 
 firdi. 
 scattered, a., firdisan. 
 scent, m., udgon, — ki, ur, — ti. 
 scent, v.tr., (perfume) udgonai, 
 
 umi. 
 schism, »., kago, — lii. 
 scholar, m., barad, — ki, ardai, — 
 
 gi. 
 school, n., ma'lamad, — di. 
 schoolmaster, n., bara, — ihi, fihi, 
 
 gi, mu'alim, — ki. 
 science, «., ohon, — ti. 
 scissors, M., manhas, — ki. 
 scoff (see mock), 
 scold, v.tr., dagal. 
 scold, n., (a brawler) hof dagal 
 
 badan. 
 
SCO 
 
 262 
 
 SBL 
 
 scolding, n., dagal, — ki, 
 
 scope, 11 , (aim, end) dama', — hi, 
 
 dug,— ti. 
 scorch, v.tr., gub ; v.i., gubo. 
 scorn (see contempt), 
 scorpion, n., hangarara, — ihi, 
 
 hangaraleb, — ihi, dib halloh, 
 
 —hi. " ■ 
 
 scoundrel (see rascal), 
 scourge [see flog), 
 scout, v.i., Ualo tag, so ilalai. 
 scowl (see pout, pouting), 
 scrag (see lean), 
 scrape, v.fr., hoh ; — off the skin, 
 
 ka hoh ; — out a word, babii. 
 Bciatch, v.tr., hago, haghago ; 
 
 v.r., iss hago. 
 scream, v.i, dawah, haili; n., 
 
 dawah, — hi, hailo, — adi. 
 screen, n., ilihid, — ki. 
 scribe, n.,.karaui, — gi. 
 soibble, scribbling, n., harih, — 
 
 di ; v.i., harih, harharih. 
 scripture, n., horin, — ti, horin 
 
 hodusah. 
 scrotula, n , hudai or huda, — 
 
 ihi, mal,— shi. 
 scrub, v./r., ad u dug, ad u hoh. 
 scud, v.i., (run away) 'arar. 
 scuffle, n., (for women) iss ku 
 
 bod,— ki; (for men) dirtr, — ti. 
 sculpture, v.tr., harad. 
 scurf, n., (dry mealy scab) 'anbar, 
 
 — ti. 
 sea, '/(., bad, — di. 
 sea-gull, n., 'ofai, — di. 
 seal, v.t?'., daba' ; ??,., daba', — 
 
 i'hi. 
 sealed, a., daba'an. 
 seam, n., tolnin, — ti. 
 
 search, v.tr., bad, don ; ?i., donin, 
 
 — ti. 
 season, n., heli, — gi, wahti, — gi ; 
 
 hot — , haga, — gi ; dry — , 
 
 jilal,— ki'; cold — , gu,— gi; 
 
 the beginning of cold — , dair, 
 
 — ti; — before the S.W. mon- 
 soon, kalil, — shi. 
 second, num., labad, kan ki 
 
 labad. 
 secrecy, n., fah goniah, mel 'idla 
 
 ah. 
 secret word, n., fah goniah, hadal 
 
 harson. 
 sect, n., (Mohamedan one) shafi'i, 
 
 — gi. 
 secure, a., (safe) shilla. 
 security, n., (caution) 'arbun, — 
 
 ti, rahmad, — ^ki, 'udal, — shi; 
 
 give for — , rahan; hold in 
 
 false — , dag; false — , dagnin, 
 
 — ti. 
 sedition, n., hasidnimo, — adi. 
 seduce (see deceive), 
 see, v.tr., arag, eg, dai, dugo, 
 
 jedali; let him — , da ha 
 
 arkaie. 
 seed, n., inin, — ti. 
 seek, v.tr., bad, don. 
 seem, v.i., mod; it seems, wa la 
 
 moda, wa muhata. 
 see-saw, v.i., (play at) iss misan. 
 seethe, seether (see boil and boiler), 
 segregate (see separate), 
 seize, v.tr., habo. 
 seizing, n., habasho, — adi. 
 select (see choose), 
 self, refl.p., iss, iss, — ^ki ; n., naf, 
 
 — ^ti, hud, — di. 
 selfish, a., iss ja'el. 
 
SEL 
 
 263 
 
 SEW 
 
 selfishness, «., iss ja'alan, — ti. 
 sell, v.tr., ibi, so ibi, ibso, so ibso. 
 seller, »., nin wah ibiya or ibsha. 
 selvage, selvedge, n., darur, — ki. 
 semen, w., horud,— ki, biya bah, 
 
 —hi. 
 sempiternal, a., dayim, silei' 
 
 dayimah. 
 send, v.tr., dir ; — • to, u dir ; — 
 
 to me, i so dir. 
 senna-plant, re., jelelo or jalelo, 
 
 — adi. 
 sensation, n., daren, — ^ki. 
 sense, n., (good) garad, — ^ki; a 
 
 man of — , garadleh; (meaning) 
 
 ma'nai, — ihi. 
 sentence, re., (judgment) arin, — ti, 
 
 gar,— ti. 
 sentinel, re., kor jir,— ki, kor 
 
 jog,— gi, ilalo,— adi. 
 separate, v.tr., faji, kala fuji, 
 
 kala kahai, kala 'eli, so', kala 
 
 so', dabsi. 
 separation, re., so'din, — ti, dabsin, 
 
 — ti. 
 sepoy, n., subaihi, — gi; subai- 
 
 hin,— ti (plur.) ; askari,— gi ; 
 
 askar, — ti {ylur.). 
 sepulchre (see grave), 
 sepulture (see burial). 
 Serjeant, n., (of police) hawaldar, 
 
 — ki. 
 sermon, n., wano, — adi. 
 serpent, «., mas, — ki. 
 servant, re., mididin, — ki, 'idan, 
 
 — ki, hadam, — ki, sebiyan,— 
 
 ki, nin la joga. 
 serve, v.tr., haul habo ; — God, 
 
 Ilah'abud; v.i., la jir. 
 service, v.i., (render a) tar. 
 
 servitude, re., adonimo, — adi. 
 
 set, v.tr., dig, sar, ku deji; — 
 in order, hagaji, wanaji ; — 
 a fine, hasir ; — a price, himad 
 ku sheg ; — on shore, deji, 
 rog ; — aside, ges u dig ; — 
 pen to paper, — down, hor, 
 warhadda ku dig; — the 
 house on fire, ahalka dab geU; 
 he cannot — one foot' before 
 another, so 'on kari mayo; — 
 a time, ballan; — the bone, 
 lafta tosi; — abroad, ogaisi; 
 he had — my mind against 
 you, isagu wa igu ka 'adaisi ; 
 
 — apart, goni u dig; — ■ 
 aside, dah, doho ; — at work, 
 shahaisi; — away, la tag; 
 
 — forward, horo u kahai, 
 horo u rih, horo u wad; — on, 
 sar ; (tix) dab, 'as ; (fall below 
 the horizon) v.i., the sun sets, 
 horahdu wa dahaisa ; — out, 
 bah ; — upside down, rog ; 
 be — upside down, rogan, 
 rogmo; a., saran. 
 
 settle, v.tr., tali, ku tali, heshisi, 
 
 u si tali, ku dar, iss la tali. 
 settlement, re., talo, — adi, heshis, 
 
 — ki. 
 seven, num., todoba, — di. 
 seventeen, num., todob iyo toban, 
 
 — ki. 
 seventh, num., todobad,-;— di. 
 seventy, num., todobatan. 
 several, ad., har, — ki, daur, — ki. 
 severe, a., (nin) hadad. 
 sew, v.tr., tol ; — slowly, gata- 
 
 nur ; — the sandal ties, yel. 
 sewing, n., toLnin, — ^ti. 
 
SHA 
 
 264 
 
 SHI 
 
 shade, shadow, v.tr., hadai; n., 
 
 had, — ^ki; evening — , had 
 
 hodal, — ki. 
 shady, shadowy, a., hadaisan. 
 shaft, n., (an arrow) fallad, — di, 
 
 gautal, — shi; (the wooden part 
 
 of an arrow) gamun, ki, leb, — 
 
 ki; a poisonous — , hands, — ki. 
 shagged, shaggy, a., halableh 
 
 (m.n.). 
 shaggedness, n., halab, — ti. 
 shake, shaking, n., luliu, — ti, 
 
 ruhnin, — ti. 
 shakeoff, w.<r., hurguf; — to and 
 
 fro, lul, ruh. 
 shake, v.i., ruho, garir ; his head 
 
 is shaking, madihhisa gariraya 
 
 or ruhanaya. 
 shaken, a., ruhan. 
 sham (see deceit) ; — crying, 
 
 bihimbih. 
 shame, v.tr., Ml ; n., hU, — ^ki. 
 shampoo, v.tr., dug; — with the 
 
 feet, ku jogjogso. 
 shampooing, n., jogjogsi,— gi. 
 shank, n., shansho, — adi ; — of 
 
 camels, dudim, — ki. 
 shape, n., midab,^ki (see figure) ; 
 
 v.tr., midab u yel; — a pencil, 
 
 hor. 
 shaping, «., homin, — ^ti. 
 share, «., haib, — ti; v.tr., u 
 
 haibi, kalago, sisi; v.i., la 
 
 haibso ; you shall — with me 
 
 in my riches, holahaiga yad 
 
 ila haibsau. 
 sharer, n., haibiya or hai'bsa- 
 
 naya. 
 shark, ?i., libah baded, — hi baded. 
 sharp, a., af badan, lissan, fihan. 
 
 sharpen, v.tr., lis, sofai, fih, dub. 
 sharpness, n., af badnan, — ti^ 
 
 fihnan, — ti. 
 shave, v.tr., u Mr. 
 shaved, shaven, a., hiran. 
 shaver, n., rais, — ^ki. 
 she, pers. prn. {see Grammar), 
 sheaf, n., (of arrows) Mdmo gan- 
 
 talah. 
 sheath, n., gal, — ki. 
 shed, «., (a hovel) balballo, — adi, 
 
 wab, — ti, bul, — ki; make the 
 
 — , balballai. 
 shed, v.tr., (pour out) dadi, hub. 
 shedding, «., dadis, — ki. 
 sheep, n., ido, — ihi. 
 sheer, a., (pure) miran, safaisan^ 
 
 safiah. 
 sheet, n., (of paper) bal, — ki; 
 
 winding — , kafan, — ti. 
 sheU, «., alel, — sM, laji, — gi or 
 
 lajo, — adi. 
 shelter, n. {see shed) ; — against 
 
 cold, duksi, — gi. 
 shepherd, n., adi jir, — ki. 
 shepherdess, n., adi jir, — ti. 
 shield, n., gashau, — ki ; — • 
 
 maker, gabariyel, — ki, gasha- 
 
 mo samai's, — ki. 
 shift, n., hikmad, — di. 
 shin, n., hog, — gi. 
 shine, v.i., dalal ; shining, «., 
 
 dalal, — ki. 
 ship, n., markab, — M ; (a hoat) 
 
 sehimad, — di. 
 shipping, n., dof, — ki. 
 shipwreck, n., hashwad, — di. 
 shirt, n., garba galai, — iM, 
 
 hamis, — ki {sing.) ; hamsan, — 
 
 ti. 
 
SHI 
 
 265 
 
 sm 
 
 shiver, v.l, garir, hadhaa, kurbo. 
 shivering, n., kurbad, — ki ; a — 
 
 fit, hadhadiyo, — adi. 
 shock, «., (conflict) hardi, — gi; 
 
 v.tr., hardi. 
 shoe, «., kab, — ti; horse — , 
 
 na'al, — ki. 
 shoot, n., (branch) Ian, — ti, dara- 
 
 gad, — di, ya'ai, — gi, 'urdan, 
 
 — ki. 
 shoot, v.tr., (oast forth) kaga rid. 
 shop, n., das, — ki, dukan, — ki. 
 shore, sea-shore, n., heb, — ti. 
 short, a., gaban, yar. 
 shorten, v.tr., gabi, yarai, ya- 
 
 raiso. 
 shortness, n., gab, — ki, gabnin, 
 
 — ti. 
 shot, «., hururuh, — hi, rash, — ki. 
 shoulder, n., garab, — ki; — 
 
 hlade, laf garab, — ta — ka. 
 shout, v.i., haili, madar, orri; 
 
 n., dawah, — hi, gurhan, — ki, 
 
 orr, — ki, hailo, — adi. 
 shove (see push), 
 show, v.tr., tus, so tus, muji; 
 
 n., tusnin, — ti, mujis, — ki, 
 
 nmjnin, — ti. 
 shriek, v.i., (shrill) dawah; n., 
 
 dawah, — hi. 
 shrink, v.i., dib u jogso, nah. 
 shrub, »., hanan, — ki, daran, — 
 
 ti. 
 shudder {see shiver), 
 shut, a., dabolan, hidan, odan; 
 v.tr., hid, abud,' dabol; — 
 your eyes, il iss ku habo. 
 shy, a., hil badan ; be — , hisho. 
 sick, a., buka, 'udur haba; be — , 
 bukow, 'udur had. 
 
 sicken, v.tr., bukaisi. 
 
 sickness, n., hukan, — ki, 'udur,, 
 
 — ki. 
 side, n., barbar, — ki, dan, — ki,. 
 
 ges, — ti, barer, — ti; on all 
 
 sides, harero, — ihi ; by the — ^ 
 
 iss garab. 
 sieve, n., golab, — ki. 
 sift, v.tr., golab. 
 sigh, v.i., hinrag, warah, oi, mu- 
 
 sanow; n., hinrag, — gi, oin, 
 
 — ti, warah, — hi, musanow,, 
 
 — ^gi, bihimbih, — ^hi. 
 sight, w,.,arag,—gi; (show)muh, 
 
 — hi; short — , habenno, — 
 
 adi ; long — , il deran, — ti. 
 sighted, a. ; good — , il fihan ; 
 
 long — , il der. 
 sign, «., bar, — ti, sumad, — di,. 
 
 'alamad, — di; — - of the camel's 
 
 anger, dob, — ti; v.tr., (mark) 
 
 'alamadi, sumad; (ratify by 
 
 hand) saheh. 
 signal, n., bah, — hi. 
 signature, «., saheh, hi. 
 signification {see meaning), 
 silence, v.tr., amusi; n., amusnan, 
 
 — ti; int., us! amus! amusa! 
 silent, a., amusan ; be — , amus, 
 
 amusnaw. 
 silex, n., (flint) du'un, — ti. 
 silk, n., harir, — ^ti. 
 silly, a., (simpleton) na's, — ^ki {n.),. 
 silver, n., la'ag, — ti, fiddad or 
 
 foddad,— di. 
 similitude, n., ekan, — ti. 
 simple, a., (sincere) hagagsan;. 
 
 be — , hagag, 
 sin, n., dembi, — gi. 
 since, adv. and c, halkiyo gorti;. 
 
SIN 
 
 266 
 
 SLA 
 
 — yoii saw him, halkiyo gor- 
 
 tad aragtai. 
 sinful, a., dembileL 
 sinner, n., dad dembileh, dadka 
 
 dembigaleL 
 sincere, a., lilahiah, aminah. 
 sinew, ra., seid, — di, bohon, — ti, 
 
 bohon hore, bohon dambe, 
 
 hanjid, — ki. 
 sing, v.tr. and v.i., gabai, hes. 
 singer, n., gabaya, — ihi. 
 singing, n., hes, — ti. 
 single, ffl., (sole) goniah, keliah, 
 
 hud, hudah. 
 sink, v.i., deg, dus, ka dus; v.tr., 
 
 deji, ka dusi. 
 sip, v.tr., fihso ; n., fihsi or fuhsi, 
 
 — gi. 
 sir, 11., saheb, — ki. 
 sister, n., walal, — shi ; — in-law, 
 
 dumashi, — di. 
 sisterhood, n., walalnimo, — adi. 
 sit, v.i., (down) fadiso, salka dig, 
 
 fadi ; — still, si fadi. 
 sitting, n., fadi, — gi. 
 six, num., leh, — di ; — fold, leh 
 
 jer min lehah, or leh jer o 
 
 leh wada ah.' 
 sixteen, num., lehiyotoban, — ki. 
 sixth, num., lehad, kan. lehad. 
 sixty, num., lehdan, — ki. 
 size, n., hiyas, — ti, dumo', — di. 
 skilful, a., fl'an, farsamo badau, 
 
 wah haban eg. 
 skill, n., farsamo, — adi, fi', — hi, 
 
 fi'nan, — ti. 
 •skim, v.tr., usarka ka safai. 
 skimmer, n., hudda, — ihi. 
 skin, n., dub, — ki, harag, — gi, 
 
 san, — ti ; — sewn to carry 
 
 children, dereb, — ti, farad, — 
 
 ki ; — sewn to make a couch, 
 
 weilalis, — ti ; — placed for a 
 
 shed, gibU, — shi. 
 skin, v.tr., (flay) dubka or harag- 
 
 ga or santa ka bihi or ka 
 
 mudhi. 
 skull, n., indolai, — ^ihi ; upper 
 
 part of the — , dako, — adi, 
 
 kugj^ti ; each side of the — , 
 
 ges,— ti. 
 sky, n., 'ir, — ki. 
 slab, n., (a puddle) dirih, — di, 
 
 didi, — gi. 
 slabber, v.tr., (smear with spittle) 
 
 alyo muruh ku dadi ; v.i., 
 
 (drivel, slaver) alyo muruh iss 
 
 ka buhi. 
 slabberer, n., niu alyo muruh 
 
 wein leh, — ki, weina. 
 
 slack, v.tr., (unlaend) deb'i ; a., 
 
 (loose) deb'isan. 
 slake, v.tr., (extinguish) bahti; 
 
 (quench) iss harad tir, iss on 
 
 tir. 
 slander, v.tr., 'eibai, hano, hafar; 
 
 n., han, — ti, 'eib,~ti. 
 slap, v.tr., darbah ; n., daorbaho, 
 
 — adi, faragorgor,— ki. 
 slate, n., (used in school) loh, — 
 
 hi. 
 slaughter, v.tr., gowra', kaga 
 
 kudi, ka kausi, kaga hawi, 
 
 dil ; «., gowra', — ihi. 
 slave, n., adon, — ki (mas.), adon, 
 
 — ti ifem.), bida or bidai, — 
 
 ihi (mas.), bidad, — di [fern.), 
 
 sawahiU, — gi. 
 slavery, n., adonimo, — adi. 
 slay [see slaughter). 
 
SLE 
 
 267 
 
 SMU 
 
 ■sleep, v.i., hurud, iss ka hurud, 
 seho, so seho, gama', jifso ; 
 v.c, sehi, jifi; n., hurdo, — 
 adi, gama',^ — hi, sehasho, — 
 adi. 
 
 sleeper, n., nin hurda, nin gama'- 
 san. 
 
 sleepless, a., garni' wah. 
 
 ■sleepy, a. and n., (drowsy) da- 
 madsan, luloleh, damad, — ki. 
 
 sleepiness, n., lulo, — adi, 
 
 slice, «., liif, — ki. 
 
 slide, v.i., (slip) simbiririho, si- 
 sibo, sibiboho ; n., mel sibiba- 
 hah. 
 
 slight, v.tr., (disregard) fududai ; 
 a., fadud, weidsan. 
 
 slightness, n., fadaid, — ki, wei'd, 
 — di. 
 
 •slime, n., (glaire) dareir, — ki, 
 alyomuruh, — hi ; — mixed 
 ■with blood in dysentery, a'al, 
 — shi. 
 
 sling, v.tr., wadfi; n., wadaf, — ki. 
 
 slink, v.i., (sneak) 'arar, bahso; 
 she slank, shinki ma ai dalin. 
 
 slip, v.i., {see slide); v.c, (cause 
 to — ) sibibihi, sisibi, simbiri- 
 rihi ; n., (act of slipping) sim- 
 biririho, — adi, sisib, — ti, sibi- 
 boho, — adi. 
 
 slipper, n., kab, — ti. 
 
 slippery, a., sibibahah. 
 
 «lit, v.tr., jehjeh, 'dildila'i ; v.i., 
 dila', dildila''; a., dila'san, 
 jehan ; n., (a narrow opening) 
 dila', — hi, jeh, — hi. 
 
 slope, n., (declivity) didib, — ti, 
 aror, — ^ki, sibibah,— di, ba- 
 bah, — hi. 
 
 sloth {see laziness). 
 
 slouch, n., (a clumsy boy) hoga- 
 sho, — adi ; v.i., (have a down- 
 cast look) hogo. 
 
 slough, n., (a deep, miry place) 
 limad, — ki ; (of a snake) hub, 
 — ki. 
 
 sloven {see dirty). 
 
 slow, a., raga, ragi jirai. 
 
 slowly, ad., ayar or adyar, hun- 
 yar ; walking — , dukis. 
 
 slowness, n., ragnin, — ^ti. 
 
 sly, a., (cunning) nejis, — ki, ne- 
 jisah. 
 
 small, a., gaban, gibin, yar. 
 
 smallness, n., gab, — ^ki, gabnin, 
 — ti, yaran, — ti. 
 
 small-pox (see pox). 
 
 smash, v.tr., burburi. 
 
 smell, n., ur, — ^ti, udgon, — ki; 
 bad — , ur hudmun ; v.tr., 
 urso ; v.c, ursi ; v.i., ur ; the 
 meat smells, hilibku wa uraya. 
 
 smile, v.i., hosol; n., hosol, — ^ki. 
 
 smite, v.tr., (strike) tun ; v.i., 
 kurbo ; my knees — together, 
 jilbahaigu wa kurbanaya. 
 
 smith, n., tumal, — ki. 
 
 smoke, ?i., hih, — hi; where there 
 is — there is fire, meshi hih 
 lihi dab bai lehdahai; v.i., 
 dabku wa hihaya, or hih ba 
 ka bahaya ; (use tobacco) fiid, 
 'ab ; v.tr., (dry in — ) gawadi ; 
 — meat, hilibka gawadi ; — 
 dried, la gawadiyai. 
 
 smooth, v.tr., mari, salah, iss ku 
 sin; a., salahan, siman. 
 
 smother (see suffocate). 
 
 smuggle, v.tr., hayanai. 
 
SMU 
 
 268 
 
 SOR 
 
 smut {see dirt). 
 
 snake, n., mas, — ki ; kind of — , 
 
 'abeiso,^adi, abguri, — di. 
 snare, n., debin, — ki ; the making 
 
 or placing of a — , dabuiu, — 
 
 ki. 
 snarl, v.tr., (entangle) iss ku 
 
 merji ; v.i., (growl) abad ; the 
 
 camel is snarling, aiirki wa 
 
 abadaya. 
 snatch, v.tr., dufo or difo. 
 sneak, v.i., (creep) bogga ku so'O. 
 sneer, v.i., (laugh with contempt) 
 
 hubihi ; m., huhub, — ^ki. 
 sneeze, v.i., hindis. 
 sniff, v.tr. and v.i., sin 'esbo, sa- 
 
 riho. 
 snore, snort, v.i., hilri; snorting, 
 
 huro, — adi. 
 snot, «., (mucus of the nose) duf, 
 
 — ki. 
 snout, «., gafur, — ki. 
 snuff, n., ( powdered tobacco) na- 
 
 shug,— gi, buri,— gi; —box, 
 
 hasa'ad, — di ; v.tr., (to draw 
 
 in with the breath) urso. 
 snuiHe, v.i., (speak through the 
 
 nose) sanhada ka hadal. 
 snuffler, n., nin sanholeb. 
 so, a., sida, sidas, sidi, sa. 
 soak, v.tr., hoi. 
 soap, n., sabiin, — ^ti; v.tr., sa- 
 
 bunta mari. 
 sob, n., (convulsive sigh) Mhlai, 
 
 — ihi ; v.i., hihlai. 
 socket, n., (any hollow) gof, — ki ; 
 
 the — of the eye, isha gof- 
 
 kedi. 
 sodomy, n., kud, — ki, mahnud- 
 
 iiimo,^adi ; commit — , kud. 
 
 sodomite, n., mahnud, — ^ki. 
 soft, a., jilai'san, habow. 
 soften, v.tr., jilai'i or jili'i, ir. 
 
 tud, salah ; v.i., jilai'. 
 soil, n., (earth) <arro, — adi, 'id,. 
 
 — di; v.ir., (stain, liesmear...) 
 
 dobbai. 
 sojourn, v.i., hoio. 
 solace, n., tudad, — di, tuduin, — 
 
 ki. 
 solder or soder, v.tr., iss ku deji,. 
 
 iss ku nab. 
 sold, a., ibsan; be — , ibsanaw;: 
 
 not — , ma ibsana. 
 sole, n., (of the foot) 'agta 'ad. 
 solicit, v.tr., bari, dalbo. 
 solicitude, n., aminimo, — adi. 
 solid, a., adag. 
 solitary, a., goniah, keliah. 
 solitude, n., mel goniah, 'idla. 
 
 'irsila, — di. 
 some, a., in, — ta, wah, wahhoga, 
 
 har, — ^ki ; — body, nin un ;■ 
 
 — how, si un ; — thing, wak 
 
 un; — times, kolkol, marmar; 
 
 — ^where, mel un. 
 son, n., ina, inan, — ki, wil, — ki; 
 
 sons, arur, — ti, dalan, — ^ki. 
 song, n., gabai, — gi, gerar, — ^ki,^ 
 
 hes, — ti ; — or elegy of lamen- 
 
 tion, digri, — gi. 
 soon, ad., gor dow ; it is too — j 
 
 wad so dahsatai. 
 soot, n., madun, — ki. 
 soothe (see soften), 
 sophisticate, v.tr., bedel. 
 soporitic, a., sehiya. 
 sorcerer, n., niu wah fala, hari- 
 
 yan, — ^ki, hadahata or hata- 
 
 hata,— ihi, yibir, — ki. 
 
SOR 
 
 269 
 
 SPI 
 
 «ore, n., bog, — ti, hon, — ti; a 
 small — , hon gibina ; — be- 
 coming worse, dila' ; a person 
 having a — , bogaleh, — ihi. 
 
 sorrow, n., 'ala'al or alaana'l, — 
 ki, human, — ti, weirweir, — 
 ki, hulub, — ki, wahan, — ki; 
 v.i., weirweir, hulub, ala'al, 
 wahan. 
 
 sorrowful, a., hulubsan, ala'alsan, 
 wahan. 
 
 sort, n., (species) 'ai'n, — ki, tol, 
 — ^ki. 
 
 sot, a., na'asah. 
 
 soul, n., naf, — ti. 
 
 sound, v.i., (make a noise) kaga 
 sanhadi; n., sanhad, — di. 
 
 soup, n., fud, — ki. 
 
 sour, a., danan, hadad. 
 
 sourness, n., hadad, — ki. 
 
 source, «., (spring) ib, — ti, il, — 
 shi. 
 
 south, n., hodub or hudub, — ^ki. 
 
 sow, v.tr., (scatter seed) inlnaha 
 ku dadi or firdi or ku firdi. 
 
 space, n., hawo, — adi. 
 
 span, n., dako, — adi. 
 
 spare, v.tr., daur, ha ku ayarin, 
 dah, doho; — something for 
 the poor, masakinta wah u 
 diga. 
 
 spark, sparkle, n., bilig, — ti, 
 biligbilig, — ti, dinbil, — shi. 
 
 sparkling, a., biligbiligleh. 
 
 spatter, v.tr., duldul. 
 
 spawl, v.i., tuf; n., anduf or 
 andufo, — adi, hako. 
 
 speak, v.i., hadal; vtr, deh, 
 sheg ; v.i., — in sleep, awa- 
 wi. 
 
 speaking, n., (in sleep) awawi,— 
 gi, tamanta, — ihi. 
 
 speaker, n., (in a meeting) gudi, 
 — di. 
 
 spear, «., waran, — ki; different 
 kinds of spears, 'aradub, — ^ki, 
 bagaf, — ki, be'idi or bihidi, — 
 gi, dohana, — ihi, sallado, — 
 adi, teri,— gi, weidar,— ki. 
 
 species {see sort). 
 
 speck, n., (spot) dibi', — di. 
 
 spectacles, n., ohad, — di. 
 
 spectre, n., muh, — hi. 
 
 speech, n., hadal, — ki. 
 
 speed, «., 'arar, — ki, orod,— ki. 
 
 spell, «.^r., (charm) gedago; (read 
 by naming letters singly) haraf- 
 ka walba goni u deh, or haraf- 
 yadan mid ba gonidis u deh ; 
 n., (a charm) gedagoiyo, — adi. 
 
 spend, v.tr., bihi ; (waste) lumi, 
 babihi. 
 
 spendthrift, n., mudaya',— hi. 
 
 spew, v.i., (vomit) hunha. 
 
 sphere, n., kuriyaisnan, — ti. 
 
 spherical, a., kuriyaisan. 
 
 spider, n., 'aro, — adi. 
 
 spike, n., hudum, — ki. 
 
 spill, v.tr., hub, dadi, ku dadi, 
 rog. 
 
 spilt, a., dadsan, shuban, rogan. 
 
 spin, vtr., wareji ; v.i., wareg. 
 
 spine, n., (backbone) adah, — di. 
 
 spirit, n., (breath) neif, — ti ; (an 
 immaterial substance) ruh, — ^hi. 
 
 spit, v.i , (spawl) tuf. 
 
 spite, n., (malevolence) hamidni- 
 mo,— adi. 
 
 spittle, n., tufiiiu, — ti, andufo, — 
 adi, alyomuruh, dareir, — ki. 
 
SPL 
 
 270 
 
 STA 
 
 splash, n., duldul, — ki ; v.tr., 
 
 dulduli, nab, mari, marso. 
 spleen, n., (milt) ber yaro, — 
 
 adi. 
 split [see slit). 
 spoil, M., (robbery) tugo, — adi, 
 
 bob, — ki ; (corruption) hudun, 
 
 — ki; t'.fr., (see rob); (corrupt) 
 
 see corrupt, 
 spoon, n., fandal, — ki. 
 sport, w., 'ayar, — ti, jalbeb,— ti. 
 spot, «., (a blot) bar, — ti, dibi', — 
 
 di ; some spots, barbar ; (a 
 
 place) mel, — sM; v.tr., bar u 
 
 yel. 
 spotted, a., baraleh. 
 sprain, v.tr., murku'i, nmrku'o ; 
 
 n., murku'aslio, — adi, laban, 
 
 — ki. 
 sprained, a., laban. 
 spray, n., dibi', — di, 'urdan, — ki, 
 
 yurub, — ki. 
 spread, v.tr., firdi; a., firdisan, 
 
 firdadsan, firdadan. 
 spreading, n,, firid, — ki, firdis, 
 
 — ki. 
 spring {see fountain), 
 spring up, v.i., bah. 
 sprinkle, v.tr,, sai'd ; — over, ku 
 
 said. 
 sprinkling, n., saidis, — ki. 
 spurn, n., (a kick) lad, — ki. 
 spy, v.tr., (watch) SO ilalai; n., 
 
 ilalo, — adi ; send a — , Ualo 
 
 dir ; — glass, hohad, — di. 
 squander, v.tr., hub, Ivuni. 
 squanderer, n., mudaya', i'hi, 
 
 liuniyai, — ihi. 
 squat, v.i., (sit upon the heels) 
 
 kadalob, kadalobso. 
 
 squatting, n., kadalob, — ki. 
 squeamish, a., yihyihsan, 
 squeeze, v.tr., dis, ku marojif 
 
 tuji ; n., disitt, — ti. 
 squint, «., 'awar, — ^ki; — eyed, 
 
 il mahalub, ashharab; v.i.y 
 
 indaha ashhar. 
 squirrel, n., earth — , daba galla, 
 
 — ihi ; rock — , walo, — adi. 
 stab, n., (of a sword) fajaso, — 
 
 adi; — with the flat of a 
 
 sword, ballad, — ki; v.ir., fajas.^ 
 stable, n., hero, — adi, gola, — ihi. 
 stack (see heap), 
 staff, n., ul, — shi, hori, — gi; — 
 
 of a spear, samai, — di; — of 
 
 an arrow, gamun, — ki, leb, — 
 
 ki; bended staves used for 
 
 making a Somali hut, dig, — ^ti, 
 
 dig doho, — adi, dig lolah, — 
 
 ihi, kabal, — ki, kaballo, — adi, 
 
 lol, — ^ki, lau, — ti. 
 stagger, v.i., (reel) tukub. 
 stagnant water, n., gelgelin bi- 
 
 yaha. 
 stain, n., dibi', — di, bar, — ti; v.tr., 
 
 (maculate) see corrupt, 
 stair, staircase, n., sallan, — ki. 
 stake, «., udub, — ki, hensarar, — 
 
 ki. 
 stale, a., (old) gabow, dug. 
 stalk (see staff), 
 stammer, v.i., haghago. 
 stammerer, n., nia haghagleh, 
 
 nin labia. 
 stammering, n., haghag. 
 stamp, n., (for letters) tiked, — 
 
 ki. 
 stanch (stop) v.tr., joji; stanch 
 
 the blood, digga joji. 
 
STA 
 
 271 
 
 STE 
 
 stand, «., jog,— gi, nasad,— ki; 
 make a — , jog, naso. 
 
 stand, v.i., tagnow, hagag, hagag 
 u jogso ; — still, ha dahdaha- 
 hin; my watch stands still, 
 sa'adaidi wa jogsanaisa; the 
 haryain stands, baya'addi wa 
 jogta or weliba tagan tahai ; 
 this house stands very well, 
 a^alka mel wanaksau bu ka 
 disanyahai; a great many 
 people — abuut him, dad 
 badan ba ku mersan, or dad 
 badni wa ku mersanyahai ; 
 
 — against, iss ka heji, iss 
 karaw; God will — by iis, 
 Ebbehena wa ina karebi; I 
 stood by when Ali killed the 
 man, anigu wa so jogai kolki 
 Ali ninka dilai ; I — for that 
 ofiSce, anigu hafiskasan u 
 joga; God stands for u-;, 
 Ebbebeu iimagu ina la jira ; 
 that letter stands for ..., haraf- 
 kasi ... bu u jira ; I — )n 
 need of a camel, aur ban u 
 dan lehabai ; you — in my 
 light, iffcinkaigi bad iga fa- 
 dida ; — off, dib u jogso ; — 
 out (resist), habil, u adkaiso ; 
 
 — out of the way, dauga ka 
 ba'id; — out of my sight, 
 araggaiga ka libid; — to 
 your word, hadalkaga hejiso ; 
 
 — up, tagnaw; — with, la 
 besM. 
 
 stand, v.tr., habil, u samir. 
 standing, a., tagan; n., — up 
 
 (during Mahomedan prayers), 
 
 faral, — ki. 
 
 standard, n., (flag, ensign) 'alan,. 
 
 — ki. 
 star, n., hidig, — ti. 
 stare, «. , (a fixed look) eg^o, — adi ; 
 
 v.i., isha ku 'adai, indo ku tol. 
 start, n., nahadin, — ti; v.i., nah, 
 
 dib u nah; (begin to run) ka 
 
 gur, ka so'o. 
 startle, v.tr., kaga nihi, baji. 
 starvation, «., dihal, — ki, ma'alul,, 
 
 — shi. 
 starve, v.i., dlhalanaw, abah; 
 
 v.tr., dihali, abihi. 
 starving, a., dihalan, abahah. 
 starveling, n., (thin and weak 
 
 animal) abah, — hi. 
 state, n., (condition) dan, — ti ;. 
 
 bad — , dan darran, — adi; 
 
 good — , ladnan, — ti; vtr., 
 
 {see settle), 
 statement, n., talo, — adi. 
 stay, n., fadi,— gi, jog,-gi, rug,. 
 
 — ti; (delay) ragnin, — ti; v.i., 
 
 fadi, jog, rugaiso, rag; v.h-., 
 
 (delay) raji. 
 steady, a., adag, tagan. 
 steal, v.tr., (rob) had. 
 stealth, re., (act of stealing) had- 
 
 nin, — ti. 
 stealthily, v.i., (go) u dukus. 
 steam, «., (vapour) umis, — ki. 
 steel, n., birr, — ti ; — of a tinder 
 
 box, du'un dableh. 
 steep, n., (precipice) harar, — ti,. 
 
 jar, — ki; a., mel sibibahah; 
 
 v.tr., (soak) hoi. 
 stem, n., jirid, — di, Ian, — ti. 
 stench, n., hudmun, — ki, ur hud- 
 
 mun; v.tr., (make to stink) 
 
 hudmunai. 
 
STE 
 
 272 
 
 STE 
 
 stenching, a., ur hudmun. 
 
 step, n., talabo, — adi; sound of 
 
 the — , jan, — ti ; v.i., (make a 
 
 — ) talabso, so talab ; — over, 
 
 out, ka talab, ka talabso ; 
 
 cause to — , talabi. 
 step-mother, n., ayo, — adi. 
 sterile, a., ma dalais, (ged) an 
 
 mido labain. 
 stern, n., (of a ship) bar dambe. 
 sternutation, n., huidisad, — di. 
 stick, n., ul, — sM, Ian, — ti (see 
 
 rod); v.tr., ku dab, ku mud, 
 
 ku deji; (pierce) waren, ku 
 
 joji; yi., kudeg. 
 stitf, a., adag, halafsan. 
 stiffen, v.tr., balafi ; v.i., halaf. 
 stifle (see suffocate), 
 still, a., amusan ; ad., ila iminka ; 
 
 — more, weliba. 
 sting, n., (a sharp point) 'aro, — 
 
 adi ; v.tr., mud, hanin. 
 stinging, n., mudnin, — ti, hanin- 
 
 yo, — adi. 
 stink, n., (bad smell) hudmun, — ki, 
 
 ur hudmun; v.i., hudmunahaw. 
 stinking, a., ur hudmun. 
 stipulate, v.tr., ka ballan, 
 stipulation, n., ballan, — ki. 
 stir, v.tr., dahaji, walah ; v.i., 
 
 dahdahah. 
 stirring, n., walah, — hi. 
 stirrup, n., rakab, — ki. 
 stitch, n., mudnin, — ti ; v.tr., 
 
 mud, tol. 
 stock, «., (body of a plant) jirid, 
 
 — di; (store) jawan, — ki; v.tr., 
 
 (store) si dig, si hado. 
 stomach, n., 'alol, — shi ; pit of 
 
 the — , labho, — adi. 
 
 stone, n., dagah, — ihhi ; big — , 
 dakab, — ^ki, "dadab, — ti; fire 
 — , dagah madow ; a very hard 
 — , kured, — ki ; — used to 
 grind corn ..., midhin; grind- 
 stone, lissin, — ki ; — of fruits, 
 laf, — ti ; the three stones on 
 which they put the boiler, dar- 
 dar, — ki ; v.tr., (lapidate) shid, 
 dagihi. 
 
 stool, n., barjin, — ^ki, gambad, — 
 ki, kabad, — ki. 
 
 stoop, stooping, n., foror, — ki, 
 'uskis, — ki; v.i., fororso, 'us- 
 ko ; v.tr., forori, 'uski. 
 
 stop, n., jog, — gi, ragasho, — adi; 
 (end) see end ; v.i., jog, jogso, 
 sug, iss tag, kadi; v.tr., joji; 
 
 — thief, tugga joji; — the 
 bottle, haruradda furai or abud. 
 
 store (see stock). 
 
 storm, n., dabail wein, — shi, — 
 
 aid, bahailad, — di, duf, — ^ki. 
 story, n., (history) sheko, — adi; 
 
 (iiction) halalif, — ti. 
 stout, a., buran, shilis, hogwein; 
 
 — man, torog, — gi. 
 stoutness, n., hog, — gi, adkan, — 
 
 ti, gesinimb, — adi, bili, — gi, 
 ital, — ki, tag, — ^ti. 
 
 strabism (see squinting). 
 
 straggle (see ramble). 
 
 straight, a., hiyas, hun, humati, 
 shuban, tosan ; be placed — , 
 hoton; put it — , humati u 
 tag ; make it — , hiyas ka dig, 
 humi ; place it — , hotomi ; be 
 — , humanaw. 
 
 strain, n., (a sprain) murkuasho, 
 — adi; v.tr., (filter) darur. 
 
STE 
 
 273 
 
 suo 
 
 strainer, n., (filter) aarur,— ti. 
 strait, n., (a narrow pass) 'edidi, 
 
 — gi ; a., 'edidi, 'edidsan. 
 straiten, v.tr., 'edidi. 
 strange, a., yaban,yab haba, yab- 
 
 leh. 
 stranger, re., marti, — di (see 
 
 foreigner), 
 strangle, «;.!;?-.,siriri, 'unahabatai. 
 strangulation, «., siririn, — ^ti, si- 
 
 riris, — ki. 
 strap, n., yel, — shi, bai'd, — di, 
 
 lid,— ki. 
 stratagem, w., higmad, — di. 
 straw, re., 'aus. 
 stream, re., doho, — adi, durdur, 
 
 — ki. 
 street, re., darih, — hi, surin, — ki, 
 strength, n., hog, — gi, adkan, — 
 
 ti, ital, — ki, tag, — ti ; give — , 
 
 ital u yel. 
 strengthen, v.tr., adkai, tag. 
 stretch out, v.tr., bihi, so bihi, 
 
 tikso, horanso ; the birds — 
 
 their wings, hadi ba iss kala 
 
 jida ; — your legs, didibso. 
 stretching out, re., tiksi, — gi. 
 strew (with), v.tr., firdi, ku firdi. 
 stride, re., dada', — hi ; v.i., v.tr., 
 
 dada', ka dada'. 
 strife (see quarrel), 
 strike, v.tr., dil, ku dufo, la; 
 
 — down, ka dangalahsi, bn- 
 dai; — upon, ku tun; — to 
 break, fajas. 
 
 string, re., hadig yar, hadig 
 
 dumo' yar, safari, — gi. 
 strip, v.tr., (make naked) hawi ; 
 
 — off, dir, mudhi. 
 stripped, stript, a., diran, hawan. 
 
 stripe, re., alif, — ki, dilin, — ti; 
 
 v.tr., alif ku jid, aliflyai, dili- 
 
 mo u yel. 
 strive, v.i., hausho, haul gal. 
 stroke, n., (blow) nabar, — ^ki; 
 
 rub gently, v.tr., salah, 
 stroll (see ramble), 
 stroller, n., nin warwareg badan. 
 strong, a., adag, hog wain, hog 
 
 badan ; be — , adkaw, habil. 
 struggle, v.i., hausho, hogso, iss 
 
 muhuni. 
 stubble, re., 'aus, — ki, gargor, — 
 
 ki, 'aus salol, — ki. 
 stubborn, re., (strong-headed) 'asi, 
 
 — gi, rifai, — ihi. 
 study, 11., barasho, hubsad, — ki; 
 
 v.tr., baro. 
 stumble, re., turonturo, — adi; v.i., 
 
 turonturo. 
 stump, re., (of a tooth) fallid, — 
 
 ki; — of a tree, jirid, — di, 
 
 kurtun, — ki. 
 stun, v.tr., kaga nihi; be stunned, 
 
 nah. 
 stunning, n., nahadin, — ti, hau, 
 
 — di. 
 stupefaction [see astonishment), 
 stupid, a., (sluggish) dohou, — ki, 
 
 na's, — ki, miyirla, bahahim. 
 stupidity, re., miyirlaan, — ti. 
 stutter (see stammer), 
 sty, re., (inflamed tumour) fin, — ki. 
 subdue, v.tr., iss ka hosaisi, taba 
 
 bar, dasturtada hun iss karaw. 
 subject, «., daris, — ki, nin hosai. 
 submit, v.tr., {see subdue and sub- 
 ject); v.i., yel, degaiso. 
 subterfuge, n., halad, — di. 
 succeed, v.i., (prosper) dama' hel. 
 
sue 
 
 274 
 
 SUP 
 
 mar o liel; (follow) meshisa 
 ahaw. 
 
 succession, n., dambais, — ki. 
 
 successor, n., ninki ka dambaiya. 
 
 succour, n., {gee help) ; v.t7\, 
 •idami {see help). 
 
 succourer, «., 'idan, — ^ki. 
 
 such, prn., kas o kalebah, hebel. 
 
 suck, suckling, n., jaha, — ihi, 
 nujis, — ki ; v.tr., nug, mudso, 
 jah ; sucking child, lima na- 
 saba jaha ; — up, fihso. 
 
 suckle, v.tr., nujl. 
 
 suddenly, ad., marki ba. 
 
 suet, n., barur, — ^ti. 
 
 suffer, v.tr., (permit) u samir, 
 fasah. ; — a loss, ed ; v.i., ha- 
 nunso, silei', ta'ab; — in 
 mind, ur ku talo ; — for, u 
 hanunso, ka tobad ken ; cause 
 to — , hamini, haimji, sili'i, 
 sug, hanuu. 
 
 suffering, n., hanvin, — ki, silei', — 
 hi, ta'ab, — ki ; — of the soul 
 and of the body, 'araraf, — ^ki. 
 
 suffering, a., nin sila'sam, sugan, 
 hanunsaii. 
 
 suffice, v.i., (be sufficient) filow, 
 ku filow. 
 
 sufficient, a., ku filan. 
 
 suffocate, v.tr., 'abudi, 'abud, 
 buhuji, 'iji; be suffocated, 
 abudan, abudnaw, 'ihsaaaw; 
 suffocated, 'abudan, 'ihsan. 
 
 suffocation, n., 'ih, — di. 
 
 sugar, n., sonkor or sunkor,— ti. 
 
 suicide, v.i., (commit ...) iss dil. 
 
 suit, v.tr., (be fitted to) leh eg; 
 it suits me, wa i lehegyabai ; 
 it suits you, wa ku lebegya- 
 
 hai ; n., — at law, arin, — ti,. 
 gar, — ti ; a man gaining the 
 — , nin gar leh ; a man losing 
 the — , nin gar la. 
 
 sulky {see pout). 
 
 sullen, a., hiilubsan, dudma ba- 
 dan; be — , wahan, hulub. 
 
 sullenne.os, n., waban, — ki, hu- 
 lub, — ^ki. 
 
 sully, v.tr., dohbai, wasahai, 
 uskagai. 
 
 sulphur, «., kebrid, — ki. 
 
 sultan, n., suldan, — ki. 
 
 sum, n., hisab, — ti, tiro, — adij 
 — given monthly to the Somali 
 chiefs, miri, — di. 
 
 summit, «., aror, — ki. 
 
 summon, v.tr., (cite) amarhadur 
 u sar. 
 
 summons, n., amarhadur, — ki. 
 
 sun, n., horah, — di', 'ad'ed, — di; 
 morning — , horah subah ; 
 evening — , horah galbed. 
 
 sunbeam, n., 'ad'ed. 
 
 Sunday, n., ahad, — di. 
 
 sunless, a., mel an horah lahain, 
 horah la. 
 
 sunny, a., horah leh, mesha ho- 
 rah ba kugu haisa. 
 
 sunrise, n., horah so bah, — ^bihi. 
 
 sunset, n., horah da',— dl'hi. 
 
 sunshine, n., milei', — ihi, sudi', 
 
 — gi- 
 
 sup, n., fihsi, — gi ; v.tr., fihso. 
 superior, «., nin u madahah, nin 
 
 horai, nin sarrai. 
 supine, a., (lying on the back) 
 
 jirjir'ad, 
 supper, ?!., 'asho, — adi; take your 
 
 — , 'ashai. 
 
SUP 
 
 275 
 
 TAK 
 
 supply, n., (maintenance) masnif, 
 
 — ki ; v.tr., (maintain) musnif. 
 supplice, n,, silei', — hi, ta'ab, — 
 
 M. 
 support, «., (prop)tir, — ^ki, udud, 
 
 — ki; (help) Ml,— ki; v.tr.,-a. 
 
 dulh.ado, hili, habil. 
 suppose, v.tr,, (think) malai, 
 supposition, w., mala, — IM. 
 sure, a., huba ; be — , hub. 
 surety, n., (security) 'arbun, — ti, 
 
 'udal, — shi. 
 surface, n., barahad, — di, dul, — 
 
 shi. 
 surpass, v.tr., dul mar. 
 surprise, v.tr., gad. 
 surrender, v.i., so baho, u so gal. 
 surround, v.tr., hera'i, mermeri, 
 
 ka buhso. 
 suspect, v.tr., malai, tuhun. 
 suspected, a., la tuhmai (nin). 
 suspicion, n., tuhuii, — ki. 
 suspicious, a., tuhunsau. 
 sustain, v.tr., (bear) had, sid, 
 
 tiri ; (maintain) sabbar, sab- 
 
 baro ; (suffer) ed, u samir. 
 swad, n., (for babies) dereb, — ti. 
 swallow, v.tr., lih, hudhudi. 
 swallowing, n., hudhudis, — ki. 
 sway, v.tr., (rule) ka sarrai. 
 swear, v.i., daro, iman si, ahdi. 
 swearing, n., (oath) ahdi, — gi. 
 sweat, v.i., didid ; n., didid, — ^ki. 
 sweep, v.tr., flh, had. 
 sweepings, n., hushash, — ki. 
 swept, a., fihau. 
 sweet, a., ma'an ; — thing, ged 
 
 ma'an. 
 sweeten, v.tr., ma'anaiso. 
 sweets, n., nana, — ihi. 
 
 swell, v.i., barar; cause to — ,. 
 
 barari. 
 swelling, «., barar, — ki. 
 swim, v.i., dabbalo ; — over, ka 
 
 dabbalo. 
 swimming, n., dabbal, — shi. 
 swine, n., dofar, — ki. 
 swing, n., mhan,— ki, lalad,— 
 
 ki, ruhnin',— ti; v.tr., ruh,^ 
 
 ruhruh ; v.i., ruho, lalad. 
 swoon, v.i., suh, wei'dow; n., 
 
 suhdin, — ti. 
 sword, «., bilawa or bilawai, — 
 
 ihi, aeif, — ti. 
 syphilis, «., habad. 
 
 tabernacle, n., balballo, — adi, 
 bul,— ki, rug,— ti, guri, — gi. 
 
 table, n., mis, — ki. 
 
 tabour, n., (drum) durban, — ki. 
 
 tack, v.fi:, hodob, iss ku hodob,. 
 iss ku tol. 
 
 tail, n., date, — adi ; — of goats, 
 dib, — ki ; — of sheep, dUif, — 
 ki ; fat — of the sheep, badi, 
 — di; lifting up the — , hanan, 
 — ti. 
 
 tailor, «., dar tol, — ^ki, derji, — 
 
 take, v.tr., ho, hai, haiso, hab, 
 habo, had, hado, habso"; I 
 took the, cup at his hand, fn- 
 janki ga'antisan ka hadai; 
 — that malefactor, layanka 
 habso ; they took the town, 
 T 2 
 
TAK 
 
 276 
 
 TAL 
 
 magaladi hatai; if I can — 
 him, hadan hadan karo; — 
 the meat out of the pot, 'adka 
 ka so bihi distiga; — that 
 physic, dawada hado ; it has 
 taken root, hididai lehdahai; 
 
 — hold of that, wahhas habso 
 or hejiso ; — a snuff, nashug 
 urso ; we took the longest way, 
 daugi ugu dera bannu hab- 
 sanai or ra'nai; — the shortest 
 way, dauga ugu gaban habso; 
 
 — care, heed, iss karaw, foji- 
 gow, iss ka eg, iss ka daur ; 
 
 — you no care of that, dan 
 adigu ha u gelin; let your 
 friends — part with you, U da 
 sahibyadadu ha ku la wada- 
 genai; he took alarm at the 
 noise, sanhaddi bu ku nahai ; 
 
 — a good resolution, tala ada 
 hado ; I — you at your word, 
 hadalkagan ku dainaya; — 
 that word in good part, hadalka 
 i.a honsan ; — him in a lie, 
 bein ku habo; — in a bad 
 deed, falnin hun ku habo ; — 
 pity on him, u nahariso ; I 
 took a great affection to him, 
 ja'ail wanaksau ban u habai ; 
 I. shall — ib as a great favour, 
 sidi sado wanaksan ban kaga 
 ahbali ; I will — that affair at 
 my own peril, haushas sabab- 
 taidu ku hadan dona; what 
 course shall I — nowl dau 
 ma an habsanaya? ; I — it to 
 be the best way, sidi ugu wa- 
 naksanaid ban u wada or u 
 sida ; he took offence at that. 
 
 wahhasi 'ai u hatai; — an 
 
 account of the suit, arinti war 
 noga ken ; — my word for it, 
 hadalkaiga rumaiso ; — time, 
 wahti hado, dulhado ; — and 
 keep, ho hado ; — again, 
 mar kaleh hado; — back 
 again, 'esho ; — him along 
 with you, si kahaiso ; — that 
 asunder, baidi; — away, me- 
 sha ka had, ninka ka kahai 
 or ka sar ; — away his flock, 
 adigisa kala tag; — that 
 down, wahhas deji ; — him 
 down, iss ka hosaisi, iss ka 
 joji ; I shall — his pride 
 down, amarkisa wan jebin or 
 bassarin ; I took him for 
 another, nin kalan modai ; — 
 from, ka dufo, ka habo, ka 
 had, so dufo ; — of, la tag ; — 
 off the skin, haragga or dubka 
 iss ka jar or go ; — off your 
 hat, kofiadda iss ka dig; — 
 him off from his work, shuhul- 
 kisa ka sar; — out that tooth, 
 Uigga so bihi or so jid ; — to 
 pieces, jehje'h; — to, kahai, 
 so kahai ; — up arms, hub 
 hata ; that will — up a good 
 deal of time, haul badan ba 
 igaga bihi donta; — up the 
 book, kitabka had. 
 tale, n., (story) sheko, — adi; he 
 is always telling stories (tales), 
 halalif bu ka shekanaya; 
 (oral report) dirandiro, — adi; 
 
 — bearer, nin hamasho badan; 
 
 — bearing, hamasho, — adi, 
 dirandiro, — adi. 
 
TAL 
 
 277 
 
 THA 
 
 talisman, w., hardas, — ti, hajolad, 
 
 — di. 
 talk, v.i., v.tr., hadal, hasaw ; 
 
 — with, la hadal, la hasaw; 
 n., hadal, — ^ki, hasawai, — ihi. 
 
 tall, a., der. 
 
 tallow, «., (suet) barur, — ti, dayi, 
 
 — gi, haid, — di, 
 tamarind, n., hamar, — ti, gedad 
 
 hamarah. 
 tame, a., af yahan, la 'arbiyai ; 
 
 — beast, marabi, — di ; — 
 beast flying away, bubal, — shi; 
 v.tr., 'arbi. 
 
 tank, n., berkad, — di. 
 
 tar, n., danrnr, — ki ; v.tr., damur 
 
 mari. 
 taste, w., dadan, — ki; v.t}\, da- 
 
 dami. 
 tatter, n., (rag) suf, — ki. 
 tattle {see babble), 
 taunt, M., 'ai, — di; v.ir., 'ai; 
 
 why do you — • him? mahad 
 
 u 'aiaisa or 'ai'tamaisa ? 
 taw, «., (a marble to play with) 
 
 fatari, — gi. 
 tax, n., 'ashur, — ti ; v.tr., dadka 
 
 'ashur. 
 tea, «., shah, — hi, 'alen, — ti. 
 teach, v.tr., bar, u dig, wani. 
 teacher, «., bara, — ihi, 
 tear, «., ibno, — adi; (rent) dila', 
 
 — hi, jeh, — hi ; v.tr., (lacerate) 
 
 dila'i, jeh, jehjeh, kidif, 
 tease, v.tr., dali, 
 teat, n., ib, — ti. 
 telegraph, n., tar, — ki. 
 telescope, n., hohad, — di. 
 tell, v.tr., de'h (odo), u sheg, 
 
 ogaisi. 
 
 temper, n., abur, — ki or — ti, 
 
 'amal, — ki. 
 temperance, n., 'ir yaran, — ti. 
 temperate, a., 'ir yar. 
 temperature, n., wahti, — gi. 
 tempest, n., duf, — ki, dabaH 
 
 wein, 
 temples, n.. (of the head) dafor, 
 
 — ki. 
 tempt, v.tr., hiiffi. 
 temptation, n., hufSn, — ti, ha- 
 
 wayad, — di. 
 tempter, «., mahawi, — gi. 
 ten, ra.c, toban, — ki. 
 tenth, n.o., tobnad,— ki. 
 tend, v.tr., (watch) ilali, jir, la jog. 
 tendon, n., (sinew) seid, — di, 
 
 hanjid, — ^ki, bohon, — ti. 
 tent, 71., (for travel) balballo, — 
 
 adi; (in an enclosure) hois, — 
 
 ki ; (not in an enclosure) ho- 
 
 hob, — ^ki ; (an abode) rug, — ti, 
 
 bul, — ki, guri, — gi. 
 term, n., (limit) dal,— ki; (a word) 
 
 erai, — gi. 
 terminate, v.tr., damai, idlai. 
 terrible, a., laga 'absado, laga 
 
 boho. 
 terror, 11., bahdin, — ti. 
 testicle, «., hinin, — ti. 
 testify, v.tr.', rumai, marhati ku 
 
 fur. 
 testimony, n., marhati, — di. 
 tetter, n., (white blight) 'alibar, 
 
 — ti. 
 than, c, ka. 
 
 thank, v.tr., mahadi, mahad u nah. 
 thanks, n., mahad, — di. 
 that, a. and prn. (see Grammar); 
 
 c, an, in, bal an, ha. 
 
THA 
 
 278 
 
 TIC 
 
 thatch, 11., 'aussalol, — ^ki, 
 
 the, art. {see Grammar). 
 
 theft (see thief). 
 
 their, they, pos.prn. {see Gram.). 
 
 then, ad., gortas, gorti ; c, had- 
 
 dai. 
 there, ad., hagga, haggas, halka, 
 
 mesha. 
 therefore, c, haddaba. 
 these, dem.prn. {see Grammar), 
 thick, a., adag, buran, halafsan, 
 
 bara wein. 
 thicken, v.ir., adkaisi, halafi. 
 thickness, n., baro, — adi. 
 thief, «., tug, — gi; theft, tugo, 
 
 — adi, hadnin, — ti. 
 thieve, v.tr., had. 
 thigh, n., baiido or bowdo, — adi. 
 thin, a., jilai'san, wei'dsan, du- 
 
 mo' yar. 
 thine, pos.prn. {see Grammar), 
 thing, n., ged,— ki, babal, — ki, 
 
 — sbi, wah, — ^hi. 
 think, v.i., tasbo, malai ; — of, 
 
 ka tasbo ;• — well, alosbada la 
 
 tasbo, malai, mod. 
 third, num., sadebad, — ^ki ; one 
 
 — (^), salol, — ^ki. 
 thirst, n., harad, — ^ki, on, — ^ki. 
 thirst, v.i., (be thirsty) barad, 
 
 omanaw. 
 thirsty, a., baradsan. 
 thirteen, num., sadeh iyo toban, 
 
 —M. 
 thirteenth, n.o., sadeb iyo tobnad. 
 -thirty, num., sodon, — ki. 
 this, a., {see Grammar), 
 thither, ad., balka. 
 thong, «., (string of leather) in- 
 
 dal, — sbi. 
 
 thorn, «., hodah, — di. 
 thorny, a., hodab leh. 
 those, dem.a. {see Grammar), 
 thou, pers.prn. {see Grammar), 
 thought, n., tasbi, — gi, fikir,— 
 
 ki, mala, — ibi. 
 thousand, num., kun, — ^ki. 
 thread, «., dun, — ^ti, mih, — ^bi. 
 three, num., sadeb, — di. 
 throat, «., bunguri, — gi, 'una, — 
 
 ibi, bo',— M ; the thyroid 
 
 body or kernel, rubad, — di. 
 throng {see crowd), 
 throttle, n., (wind-pipe) bo', — ^bi, 
 through, prp., dehdis, dehdeda. 
 throughout, prp., dan. 
 throw, v.tr., hor, rid, tur, iss ka 
 
 said ; — away, tur, iss ka tur ; 
 
 — down, bosta u hor, bosta u 
 tur, ka dadi ; — ■' in, at him, 
 ku rid, ku hor, ku tur; 
 
 — upon, lal, ku lal ; — the 
 child, dabsi. 
 
 throwing down, «., (at once) da- 
 dis, — ^ki. 
 
 thrown, a., la tur, dadsan. 
 
 thrust in, v.tr., (a nail) ka rid, ka 
 dusi. 
 
 thumb, n., sul, — ki. 
 
 thump, -y.ifn, tumujai; ra., tumu- 
 jo, — adi, tantomo, — a,dii. 
 
 thunder, ?i., onkod, — ki; it thun- 
 ders, wa onkodaisa. 
 
 thunderbolt, n., bila, — bi. 
 
 Thursday, «., hands, — ki. 
 
 thus, ad., sida, sidas, sidi. 
 
 thy, pos.prn. {see Grammar). 
 
 tick, n., (insect) gafanai, — ibi, 
 sbilin, — ^ti. 
 
 ticket, n., bas, — ki, tiked, — ^ki. 
 
TIO 
 
 279 
 
 TEA 
 
 tickle, v.tr., hadatai, kilkilai. 
 
 tickling, n., liadato, — adi. 
 
 tide, n., (time, season) wahti, — 
 gi, heli, — gi ; (ebb and flow of 
 the sea) mayad, — di ; high — , 
 buh, — M ; low ■ — , 'ari, — gi, 
 — di. 
 
 tidings, n., (news) war,— ki. 
 
 tie, v.tr., hid, hido ; — the ehe- 
 camel's teats, mar ; — one side, 
 hasha ka agmar. 
 
 tight, a., adag. 
 
 tile, n., ajurad, — di. 
 
 till,^j-^., c, tan iyo gortan, had 
 iyo lutan, ila, Uama. 
 
 timber, n,, (every large tree) da- 
 mas, — ki, damal,-^shi, ged 
 damalah. 
 
 time, n., amin, — ki, — ti, gor, — 
 ti, had, — di, kol, — ki, jir, jer, 
 mar, — ki, da, — di, mu, — gi, 
 sa,— ki, wa,— gi, ya,— di, ge- 
 lin, — ki ; a short — , 'abbar, 
 — ki, ia gibinah ; after a — , 
 hadow, hadowto ; a long — , 
 buran, heli, — gi, wahti, — gi, 
 gu, — gi ; — past, awal ; the 
 present — , gortan jogta ; the 
 — to come, kolka dambe ; ap- 
 point a fixed — , ballan. 
 
 timid, «., (wil) folaah. 
 
 tin, «., tanag, — gi; — pot, da- 
 sad, — di. 
 
 tip, n., {pi the ear) degta daha- 
 sheda. 
 
 tire, v.tr., (make weary) dali; v.i., 
 (fall with weariness) dal, 'atow, 
 'ataisnaw. 
 
 tired, a., 'ataisan, dalan, dashan. 
 
 iiO, prp., u. 
 
 toad, n., rah, rihi (the ...). 
 
 toast, v.tr., dub. 
 
 tobacco, n., buri, — gi ; a kind of 
 — , hammni,^gi; a man in 
 want of — , hamunsan ; be in 
 want of — , iamunsanaw. 
 
 toe, n., sul, — ki, far, — ti. 
 
 toil, v.tr., hoji, hogso. 
 
 tomb, n., habal,— sM. 
 
 tongue, n., 'arrab,— ki. 
 
 tooth, n., ilig, — gi ; — stick or 
 brush, adai, — gi, rmnai, — gi ; 
 
 — pick, findi'el gura, — ihi. 
 top, n., (highest part of a thing) 
 
 'aro, — adi, aror, — ki, dul, — 
 shi, guro, — adi, jif, — ti; — 
 of the head, dalo, — adi, kug, 
 — ti ; peg — , druan, — ^ki. 
 
 torment, «., silei' — i'hi, ta'ab, — 
 ti; v.tr., 'adab, 'adib, kaga- 
 'eisi. 
 
 tormented, a., silei'san. 
 
 torrent, n., (dry) tog, — gi. 
 
 tortoise, n., din, — ki. 
 
 torture [see torment). 
 
 toss, v.tr., (agitate) lul, ruh ; be 
 tossed, Man, — ruho. 
 
 tossed, a., Man, ruhan. 
 
 touch, n., tabasho, — adi; v.tr., 
 tabo ; make him — , tabsi ; — 
 in pressing, tuji. 
 
 tough, a., (stiff) halafsan. 
 
 tow, n., hig, — gi, haskul, — shi ; 
 
 — used for closing the camel's 
 teats, marah, — hi. 
 
 tower, n., nobab or nobiad, — di. 
 
 town n., magalo, — adi. 
 
 trace, track, n., rad, — ki ; v.tr., 
 
 radi, radkisa gur; lose the 
 
 — , rad go. 
 
TEA 
 
 280 
 
 TKU 
 
 trade, n., boshirad or boshurad, 
 
 — di. 
 trader, n., ba'ya mushtari, — gi. 
 tradition, n., sheko, — adi. 
 train up (see educate), 
 tramp, trample, v.tr., ku jogso. 
 tranquil, a., amusan, habow. 
 transact, v.tr., la samai, wanaji. 
 transfix, v.tr., ka mud bihi, da- 
 
 loli, musmar ku daloli. 
 transform, v.tr., midab kaleh u 
 
 rog. 
 translate, v.tr., (transfer) ka ka- 
 
 hai, ka gur ; (interpret) u kala 
 
 af 'eli. 
 transmigrate, v.i.; that family 
 
 transmigrated from his town 
 
 into another, haskasi magala- 
 
 disa ka taga o magalo kaleh 
 
 u ka'a. 
 transport, v.tr., gur, u sid. 
 trap, n., (a snare) dabiu, — ki ; 
 
 v.tr., dab. 
 trapper, m., dabad, — ki. 
 travel, v.i., dah, SO dah, sod'al, 
 
 safar; w., sod'al, — ki, dof, — ki. 
 traveller, n., kabadai, — ihi, sa- 
 
 fanleh, — ihi, nin sod'alah. 
 traverse, v.tr. , ka talab, mar. 
 tread upon, v.tr., ku jogso. 
 treasure, m., hasauad, — di. 
 treat, v.tr., ballan ; — with, la 
 
 ballan. 
 treaty, n., ballan, — ki, ahdi, — 
 
 gi- 
 tree, «., beir, — ti, ged, — ki ; (in 
 
 general) dir, — ti ; — used to 
 
 shut the enclosure, da'an, — ti. 
 tremble, v.i., garir, kurbo ; (fear) 
 
 bah, baho. 
 
 trespass, «., dembi, — gi, hujad,. 
 — di. 
 
 tresses, «., tidei', — hi. 
 
 tress, v.tr., tidi', tido'o. 
 
 trial, n., bejis, — ki. 
 
 tribe, m., toll, — ki, holo, — adi, 
 jilib, — ki, 
 
 tribulation, n., human, — ti, weir- 
 weir, — ki. 
 
 tribunal, n., hakamad, — di. 
 
 tribute, n., bad, — di ; pay the — , 
 badda bihi. 
 
 trick, n., (mischievous) histi, — gi 
 (see cheat) ; — in game, sir, — 
 ki ; play a — , v.tr., u histi. 
 
 trickle, v.i., tifihso. r"^ "" 
 
 trip, n., (in wrestling) honof, — ^ki; 
 (a stumble) turonturo, — adi; 
 (a journey) kabadai, — ihi; take 
 a — , ku so wareg. 
 
 trot, «., kadlo, — adi; v.i., kadlai. 
 
 trouble, n., dal, — ki, human, — ti, 
 weirweir, — ki ; v.tr., dali, 
 hulhuladai, weirweiri, rog. 
 
 troublesome, a., hulhulad badan. 
 
 troublesomeness, n., hulhulad, — 
 di. 
 
 trousers, it., surual, — ki. 
 
 true, a., sal, wa sal, wa run, wa 
 runtis, wa runted. 
 
 trunk, n., (of a tree) jirid, — ^ki ; 
 (a box) sanduh, — hi ; (ele- 
 phant's) ga'an, — ti. 
 
 trust, w., yeshod, — ki, amano, — 
 adi; v.tr., amano udib, aman, 
 amanaiso ; v.i., yesho, ku ye- 
 sho. 
 
 truth, n., run,^ — ti, Ulahi, — di, 
 dab, — ti; confiim the — , ru- 
 mai. 
 
TETT 
 
 281 
 
 UNB 
 
 truthful, a., lilaMah. 
 
 try, v.tr., beji, iss beji ; v.i., (en- 
 deavour) hausho. 
 
 tube, n., (wooden) gobais, — ki. 
 
 Tuesday, n., salasa, — di. 
 
 tumble, n., (a fall) .hambaro, — 
 adi, kuf, — ki; v.i., hambarow, 
 kuf. 
 
 tumult, n., hailo, — adi; dawah, 
 —hi. 
 
 turban, n., imamad or amamad, 
 — di ; arrange his — , u ima- 
 mad. 
 
 turd, M., us, — ki ; int., bus ! 
 
 Turk, n., tukri, — gi, rumi, — gi. 
 
 Turkey, n., rum, 
 
 turmeric, n., (Indian safran) bu- 
 rud, — di. 
 
 turn, n., wareg, — gi ; v.tr., rog, 
 jedi, wareji ; — upside down, 
 forori, rog ; v.i., jeso, so jeso, 
 wareg, iss ka wareg; — back, 
 dib u jeso, dib u noho ; — by, 
 ku wareg ; — aside from, il 
 iss ku habo. 
 
 turtle, n., (sea tortoise) din baded, 
 — ki ; — dove, holli,— di. 
 
 tusk, n., mi'i, — di; — of the 
 wart hog, kalad, — di. 
 
 twang, n., gango, — adi, sanho, 
 — adi. 
 
 twelve, num., lab iyo toban, — 
 ki ; twelfth, lab iyo tobnad, 
 — ^ki, — di. 
 
 twenty, num., labatan, — ki ; 
 twentieth, labatanad, — ki, or 
 — di. 
 
 twice, num., laba gor. 
 
 twilight, n., gabal da', — di'hi, 
 fid, — ki, mahrib, — ki. 
 
 twin, n., matan, — ki i^ai), — ti 
 
 (/em.), 
 twine, «., safari, — gi. 
 twink, twinkle (see glance), 
 twist, n., {see string) ; v.tr., ma- 
 
 roji or marori, soh, tidi'. 
 twisted, a., marorsan, soban, ti- 
 
 da'an. 
 twitch, n., (a quick pull) difad or 
 
 dufad, — ki; «;.<r., dufo, jid. 
 two, num., laba, — di. 
 tyranny, n., dulam, — ki, 
 
 U. 
 
 udder, n., 'ando, — adi. 
 
 ugly, a., hun. 
 
 ulcer, n., bog, — ti. 
 
 umbilical string, n., hudun, — ti. 
 
 umbrella, n., dallayad, — di. 
 
 unable, a., ma karo. 
 
 unarmed, a., hubla. 
 
 uncle, n., (paternal) ader, — ki ; 
 
 (maternal) abti, — gi. 
 under, prp., daf, dafta, bos, bosta; 
 
 be — , bosai ; put — , hosaisi ; 
 
 go — , bos gal, bos u gal. 
 understand, v.tr., garo ; do you 
 
 — ? ma ku da'dai ? I — , 1 
 
 da'dai. 
 understanding, n., ahli, — gi, ga- 
 
 rasho, — adi. 
 undress, v.tr., darka iss ka dig 
 
 or iss ka bihi. 
 undulation, n., godgod, — ki. 
 unemployed, a., haulla, shuhulla. 
 unequal, a., kala mid, iss ku mid 
 
 maaba. 
 
UNP 
 
 282 
 
 \Ah 
 
 unfit, a., ma galo. 
 unfold, v.tr., furfur. 
 unfortunate, a., ayan hun ; be — , 
 
 ayan hiiinaw. 
 ungenerous, a., deh. darran. 
 ungratefulness, n., abaldarri, — 
 
 unhappy (be), v.i., ba. 
 uninhabited, a., 'idla. 
 unintelligible, a., an la garan, 
 
 wah an la karin. 
 union, n., iss ku darran, — ki. 
 unit, «., mid, — ^ki. 
 universe, n., diini, — di, dunyo, — 
 
 adi. 
 unjust, a., gar darran. 
 unjustice, n., gar darro, — adi. 
 unkind, a., naharis la, naharis 
 
 (ba) ma yahan. 
 unlawful, a., haran. 
 unlawfulness, «., haran, — ti. 
 unleavened bread, «., kibis, — ti, 
 
 kidar, — ki, muhbasad, — di. 
 unload, v.tr., deji, fur. 
 unlucky, a., ayan bun. 
 unripe, a., 'edin. 
 unsafe, a., 'absileh, sbilleh. 
 unsafety, n., 'absi, — di, sMl, — ki. 
 unseen, a., harson. 
 unsheath, v.tr., ka bihi. 
 until, prp., inta, ila inta. 
 untruth, n., bein, — ti. 
 up, prp., dul, dusha, gud, gudka, 
 
 kor ; — to, ila, ilama. 
 upon, prp., dusha, gudka, ku, 
 
 sarai u. 
 Tippev, prp., dusha sarai. 
 upright, a., hagagsan, tagan, 
 
 tosan, humati ; be — , hagag- 
 
 sanaw, hagag u so'o, humati 
 
 u so'o, tagnow ; make — , ha- 
 gaji, tosi, humati u tag. 
 
 uprightness, n., hagag, — gi, hu- 
 mati,— gi, tag,— gi, — ti. 
 
 uproar, n., hailo, — adi, dawah, 
 —hi. 
 
 uproot, v.tr., ruji, fuji, so fuji ; 
 — this tree, gedka fuji. 
 
 upset, v.tr., forori, rid, rog. 
 
 upside down, a., rogan, fororsan. 
 
 upwards, ad., dusha gestedi. 
 
 urethra, n., ib, — ti. 
 
 urge, v.tr., muhuni. 
 
 urine, n., kadi, — di ; v.i., kadi, 
 so kadi. 
 
 us, 2>rn., {see Grammar). 
 
 usage, n., dastur, — ti. 
 
 use, n., wah tar, — ki ; be of — , 
 wah tar ; of no — , ma taro. 
 
 useful, a., wah tara (mas.), wah 
 tarta (fern.)'. 
 
 useless, a., wah ma tarai. 
 
 uselessness, n., wah ma tarai,— 
 rihi. 
 
 utensil, n., wel, — ki. 
 
 utility, n., wah tar, — ki. 
 
 utter, v.tr., deh, hadal yedi. 
 
 uvula, n., hilib dalhai, — hihi. 
 
 vaccinate, v.tr., sarsar. 
 
 vaccination, n., sarsarmo, — adi. 
 
 vagina, «., sil, — ki. 
 
 vale, n., far, — ti. 
 
 valley, n., bohol, — shi, doho,- 
 
 adi. 
 value, n., gana', — di. 
 
VAL 
 
 283 
 
 vow 
 
 ■Valuable, a., gana' adag. 
 
 van, n., (fan) masaf, — ^ti. 
 
 vanity, n., falah, — hi, kibir, — ^ki. 
 
 vanquish, ».<r.,'ka adkaw. 
 
 vapor, n., umis, — ki ; — clinging 
 to the lid, umi, — gi. 
 
 variety, «., kala mid, — di. 
 
 vase, n., (vessel) wel, — ki ; — in 
 which incense is burnt, idan, 
 — ki. 
 
 vast, a., balladan. 
 
 vegetable, n., hudrad, — di. 
 
 veil, n., hijad, — di, malhamad, 
 — di. 
 
 vein, «., hidid, — ki. 
 
 vengeance, n., 'ollad, — di; take 
 — , 'olladi. 
 
 venom, n., sun,— ki, urgumo, — 
 adi, wabayo, — adi. 
 
 venomous, n., (liquid) urgumo, — 
 adi. 
 
 venture, v.tr., sasab. 
 
 veranda, n., ardah, — gi. 
 
 verdant, a., osob. 
 
 verdure, n., osob, — ki. 
 
 verse, versiiication, n., gabai, — gi. 
 
 versify, v.i., v.tr., gabai. 
 
 vertigo {see giddiness). 
 
 very, ad., badan. 
 
 vessel, n., (utensil) wel, — ki, gur- 
 gur, — ki ; earthen — used for 
 cooking, deri, — gi; bark — , 
 agau, — ti; — made of a large 
 gourd, baro, — adi, dubbo, — 
 adi, ubo, — adi ; — made of a 
 camel's skin, tebed, — di ; — 
 wiih a handle, hudda, — ihi, 
 tebeda dara, — ihi; — used 
 for ablutions before prayer, 
 ■weiso, — adi. 
 
 vex, v.tr., kaga 'eisi or 'isi, kaga 
 
 'iU. 
 vice-chief, n., gudi, — di. 
 victory, n., adkan, — ti. 
 view, w., muh,— hi. 
 vigilance, «., ilalo, — adi. 
 vigour, n., ital, — ki, hog, — gi. 
 vile (see abject), 
 village, n., rer, — ki. 
 vinegar, n„ hal, — ^ki. 
 violate, v.tr., kufso ; violated, 
 
 kufsau. 
 violent, a., fallad hun, 
 violence, n., hog, — gi, muhuno, 
 
 — adi. 
 viper, n., jilbis, — ki. 
 virgin, n., ugub, — ki; (in general) 
 
 ugubod, — ki. 
 virile (membrum), n., gus, — 
 
 ki. 
 virtuous, a., tolmon ; be — , tol- 
 
 monow. 
 visage, n., weiji,— gi, jah,— hi, 
 
 fayo, — ihi. 
 viscous mattsrs mixed with blood 
 
 in dysentery, n., ahal, — shi. 
 \isible, a., la arka, iauhda (m.), 
 
 muhata (/.). 
 vision, 11., (actual sight) muhj — 
 
 hi ; (the thing seen) muhad, — 
 
 ki, muhasho, — adi. 
 visit, v.tr., ka war don, inu na- 
 
 bad habo so dai. 
 visitor, n., marti, — di. 
 voice, n., luh, — di, 'od, — ^ki. 
 void, a., madan. 
 vomit, v.tr., hunha', mantag. 
 vomiting, ?«., hunha'o, — adi^ man- 
 tag,— gi. 
 vowel, n., haraf, — ki. 
 
vor 
 
 284 
 
 WAT 
 
 voyage, n., dof, — ki ; v.i., dof ; 
 
 v.c, dofi, dofsi. 
 valture, n., gorgor, — ki, homa- 
 
 dai, — ihi, Eunsho, — adi. 
 
 W. 
 
 wages, n., mushaharo, — adi. 
 waist, 11., deh, — di; — band, 
 
 sun, — ki. 
 wait, v.i., v.tr., jog, jogso, daur, 
 
 sug ; — for, u kadi ; — a 
 
 moment, 'abbar jog. 
 waiting, n., egmo, — adi. 
 wake, waken, v.i., bararug, ka', 
 
 sara ka', so ka', so jed. 
 wakeful, a., garni' wah. 
 walk, v.i., so'o, talab, baid ; 
 
 take a — , tamashlai; — on, 
 
 mar; — on all fours, gurguro; 
 
 — on the breech, kurkurso ; 
 
 — with difficulty, tukub ; 
 n., so'od, — ki, tamashlai, — 
 ihi ; — on all fours, gurgura- 
 sho, — adi ; — on the breech, 
 kurkuris, — ki. 
 
 wall, n., derbi, — gi, gidar, — ki. 
 
 wallow, v.i., galgalo; n., galga- 
 lasho, — adi. 
 
 wander, v.i., ku so wareg; — 
 about, warwareg, so warwa- 
 reg ; n.c, warwareji, so war- 
 war ejr. 
 
 wanderer, «., nin warwarega. 
 
 wandering, n., warwareg, — gi. 
 
 want, n., tabalo, — adi, sabol, — 
 ki ; a man in — , nin bahan or 
 nin wah u bahan; v.i., (be 
 
 deficient) tabalaisnaw; (wish 
 for) don. 
 
 wanty, n., wegered, — ki. 
 
 war, n., dagal, — ki, 'oUad, — di. 
 
 ward, n., (a division of a town) 
 hafad, — di; ?>.<?•., (guard) ilali, 
 karaw. 
 
 warlike, a., dagal ja'el. 
 
 warm, a., (wa) kuM, kulail; 
 feeling — , hursan ; v.tr., diri, 
 kululai; — yourself, kul^, 
 duksiso ; — at the sun or 
 prepare a warm place, duksi ; 
 
 — at the fire, ku dalal. 
 warmth, n., (of the sun's rays) 
 
 dalo', — a'di. 
 warn, v.tr., dig (with, u or ku). 
 warning, n., dignin, — ti ; send" a 
 
 — , dignia dir. 
 warrior, n., gashan had, — ^ki, 
 
 hub had, gesi,^gi, rakab, — 
 
 ki. 
 wart, n., burobahalad, — di. 
 wary, a., (prudent) foyig or fojig. 
 wash, v.tr., hal, hasal, maid, 
 
 so maid, 'adai; v.r., maido; 
 
 — the hands, farahal ; — the 
 face, foldah; — hands, face, 
 v.r., farahalo, foldoho. 
 
 washed, a., maidan. 
 washerman, n., dar hasal, — ki,. 
 
 dhobi, — gi. 
 washing, n., mai'dasho, — adi; — 
 
 of the hands, farahal, — ^ki; 
 
 — of the face, foldah, — dihhi. 
 waste, v.tr., ku 'ayar, lumi; — 
 
 money, 'idlai ; do not waste, 
 ha ku 'ayarin ; (expend need- 
 lessly) hor, hub. 
 watch, n., ilalo, — adi ; — word. 
 
WAT 
 
 285 
 
 WHE 
 
 bah, — hi ; (pocket timepiece) 
 
 sa'ad, — di. 
 ■water, n., biyo, — ihi {plur. n.) ; 
 
 fresh — , biyo ma'an; sour 
 
 — , biyo danan or biyo hadad; 
 
 salt — , biyo 'usbaah; rain — , 
 
 biyo rob or hared, — di; well 
 
 — , weyer, — ki; river — , biyo 
 
 durdur ; — course, tog, — gi ; 
 
 — fall, biyo garbada ka so 
 
 dulai; — bag, sibrar, — ki; 
 
 v.tr., warabi; — the flock, 
 
 aror, arori; — before the 
 
 house, rushai. 
 watering, n., aror, — ki. 
 wave, «., maujad, — di, tarshad, 
 
 — di. 
 wax, n., haujo, — adi, shama' or 
 
 shimai', — ihi. 
 way, n., dau,^gi, jid, — ki, ma- 
 
 rin, — ki, hUin, — ki, darih, — 
 
 hi. 
 weak, a., (feeble) weidsan, 'atai- 
 
 san. 
 weakness, n., wei'd, — di. 
 we (see Grammar), 
 wealth, «., dunyo, — adi, holo, — 
 
 ihi. 
 wealthy, a., holo badan, rawi, — 
 
 gi, rawiah, badadah. 
 wean, v.tr., ka gudi ; be weaned, 
 
 gud, ha laga gudiyo. 
 weapon, n., hub, — ki. 
 wear, v.tr., sid, sido. 
 weary, a., dalan, dashan ; be — , 
 
 dal, dalanaw; v.tr., dali. 
 weariness, n., dal, — ki. 
 weather, n., dabail, — shi, heli, 
 
 — gi; bad — , dabail hun; 
 
 cold — , dabail habow ; ' fair 
 
 or fine — , dabail wanaksan ; 
 
 hot — , haufi, — gi, kalil, — shi. 
 weave, v.tr., dar samai. 
 weaver, »., dar samais, — ki. 
 web-footed birds, n., badag, — gi. 
 wedding, n., aros, — ki, 'ayar, ti. 
 wedge, n., bishil, — ki. 
 Wednesday, n., arbaha,— di, ra- 
 
 buh,— M. 
 week, n., todobad, — ki. 
 weep, v.i., oi. 
 weeping, n., oin, — ti. 
 weigh, v.tr., mis, misan. 
 weight, «., misan, — ki. 
 weighty, a., 'ulus. 
 welfare, «., awo, — adi, darad, — 
 
 di. 
 well, «., 'el,— ki, gof,— ki; a., 
 
 ladan, bed haba, wahsau; 
 
 ad., ad (with u), haurarsan, 
 
 wa wahsan. 
 welt [see border), 
 wen, n., buro, — adi. 
 went (past of ' to go'), v.i., teg. 
 west, n., galbed, — ki. 
 wet, a., hoiyan ; be — , hoiya- 
 
 naw; — land, rais, — ki; 
 
 v.tr., hoi. 
 whale, n., nibiri, — gi. 
 wharf, n., deked, — di. 
 ■vrhdLt? prn., ya? (see Grammar), 
 whatsoever, a., wah un. 
 wheat, 11., saren, — ki. 
 wheel, n., giringir, — ti, shag, — 
 
 gi- 
 when, c, gorta, kolka, marka ; 
 
 interrog. ad., gorma ? hadma 1 
 
 kolma? marma? 
 whence, ad., halka, hagga (with 
 
 ka) ; int., hagge ? halke ? 
 
WHE 
 
 286 
 
 WIB 
 
 whenever, ad., gor kasta, gor 
 
 walba. 
 where ? ad., haggel me? meyai? 
 
 (mas.), medai ? {fern.}. 
 wherever, a., mel kasta, mel 
 
 walba. 
 whet, v.tr., (sharpen by friction) 
 
 lis, afai. 
 whetstone, n., lissin, — ki. 
 whether {see Grammar), 
 whey, n., ir, — ti. 
 which (see Grammar), 
 while, 71., gor, — ti, kol, — ki; (a 
 
 short time) 'abbar, — ki ; ad., 
 
 gorta. 
 whine, v.i., warah ; n., warah, 
 
 —hi. 
 whip, n., jedal, — ^ki ; v.tr., jedal. 
 whir], v.i., wareg. 
 whirlppol, n., biya iss ku ware- 
 
 gaya. 
 whirlwind, n., sisa, sigo, — adi. 
 whisper, v.i., hos u hadal ; — to 
 
 him, hos u la hadal. 
 whistle, v.i., v.tr , fori ; «., fori, 
 
 — di. 
 white, a., 'ad ; be — , 'adaw ; 
 
 remain — , 'adaisnaw. 
 whiten, v.tr., 'adai. 
 whiteness, n., 'adan, — ki, — ti. 
 who ? int.prn., ayo? aya? ya? 
 whosoever, whomsoever, ^rra., 
 
 nin un. 
 whole, a., dan, gidi ; n., daman, 
 
 — ti. 
 wholesome, a., wanaksan. 
 why ? ad., mahai u, mu ? wayo ? 
 wick, n., dubalad, — di. 
 wicked, a., him, baan, bas. 
 wide, a., balladan. 
 
 widen, v.tr., balladi. 
 wideness, width, n., ballad, — ki. 
 widow, n., 'armali, — di. 
 wife, ?*., afo, — adi, nag, — ti, is- 
 Ian, — ti, tiri, — di, Mo, — iM; 
 
 — of the father (stepmother), 
 
 — of a paternal or maternal 
 uncle, ayo, — adi. 
 
 wild beast, n,, bahal, — ki, bu- 
 bal, — shi. 
 
 wilful, a., oganah. 
 
 wilfully, ad., ogan u. 
 
 wilfulness, n., ogan, — ti. 
 
 will, n., hushi, — gi, ogan, — ^ti,. 
 haul, — ki, umur, — ti, oggolan, 
 — ^ti ; it is my — , baga ! hu- 
 shigai. 
 
 willing, a., oggol; be — , oggo- 
 law. 
 
 win, v.i; v.tr., ka adkaw, duL 
 mar. 
 
 wind, n.. dabail, — shi; windless, 
 dabail laan. 
 
 windpipe, n., bo', — hi, hunguri^ 
 
 wind up, v.tr., wareji. 
 winding, n., wareg, — gi. 
 window, n., dahad, — di ; (of a 
 
 Somali hut, a kind of hole) 
 
 fod, — ki. 
 wine, n., hamri,— gi. . 
 wing, n., bal, — ^ki. 
 wink, v.i., il iss ku habo ; n., il. 
 
 iss ku habasho, — adi. 
 winnow, y tr., huf. 
 winter, n., (or time of rain) gu,. 
 
 — gi- 
 
 wipe, w.^?-., kabihi; — yourlips> 
 
 aftiro. 
 wire, n., hasau, — di. 
 
WIS 
 
 287 
 
 WRI 
 
 ■wisdom, w., garad, — ki, herrib, 
 
 — ti, miyir, — ki. 
 wise, a., fi'an, garadleh, herrib- 
 
 leh, miyirleh, 
 wish, v.tr., don, rab; «., donin, 
 
 — ti. 
 whiskers, n., timihi damanka. 
 wit, n., ahli, — gi, kaftan, — ki. 
 witch, w., nag wah. fasha, nag 
 
 fal tahan, nagti falka tihia 
 
 (the ...) ; v.tr., (bewitch) S,l. 
 with, prp., ku, la. 
 wither, v.i., ingeg. 
 within, ^rp., g^daha. 
 without, ^rp., laan, laan, — ti. 
 witness, w., marhati, — gi; v.tr., 
 
 (give testimony) fur, marhati 
 
 kufur. 
 woman, «., nag, — ti. 
 womankind, n., dumar, — ki, nag- 
 
 nimo, — adi. 
 womb, «., halus,— ki, rimai,— 
 
 gi, ur,— ki. 
 wonder, «., 'ajeb, — ti, yab, — ki, 
 
 la yab,— ki, umur, — ti ; v. 
 
 (wonder at) la 'ajeb, yab, la 
 
 yab, la yabsanaw ; cause to 
 
 — , 'ajebi, yabi. 
 wonderful, a., yaban, yab haba, 
 
 yab leh, yabsan, la yabsan. 
 woo, v.ir., ashah. 
 wood, n., hori,— gi; fire — , habo, 
 
 — adi, hatab, — ki; hard — , 
 
 hori haroleh. 
 wooden," a., horiah, hori laga 
 
 samaiyai. 
 woodpecker, «., daudaula, — ihi. 
 wool, n., dogor,— ti. 
 word, fe., erai,— gi, haul,— ki; 
 
 bad — , heb,— ti. 
 
 work, ra., shuhul, — ki, shahi,— gi. 
 
 haul, — shi; hard — , dibtan, 
 
 — ki; ii.tr., haul habo, hausho, 
 
 hoji, shahai; — hard, dibtan; 
 
 w.c, shahaisi; — for yourself, 
 
 shahaiso. 
 workman, ?i., shahi, — gi, nin 
 
 shahiah ; hard-working man, 
 
 dibtan, — ^ki. 
 world, »., duni, — di, dunyo, — 
 
 adi. 
 worm, TC., dirhi, — gi. 
 worry, v.tr., dali. 
 worse, a., ka hun; become — , 
 
 ka si dar. 
 worship, m., 'abudnin, — ^ti. 
 worst, a., ka wada hun, ugu hun. 
 worth, «., gana', — di. 
 wound, m., nabar, — ki, dahar, — 
 
 ki, hon, — ti, awar, — ^M; a 
 
 new — , dahar 'usub, daharki 
 
 'usba (the ...); v.tr., dahar, 
 
 hon, nabar yel. 
 wounded, a., daharleh, honleh, 
 
 nabarleh; mortally — , dinsan. 
 wrap, v.tr., lablab, dudub. 
 wrath, n., 'ado, — adi, 'il,— ki. 
 wreck, m., hashwad, — di. 
 wrestle, n., legdan, — ki, tab, — 
 
 ti; v.i., legdan; — with, la 
 
 legdan. 
 wretch, «., lumiyai, — ihi, Allah 
 
 habai, — gi, nin Allah habaiah. 
 wring, v.tr., maroji or marori. 
 wrinkle, n., dubnin, — ki, godgod, 
 
 — ki. 
 wrist, n., 'ur'ur, — ki, dudun, — 
 
 — ki. 
 write, v.tr., hor, warhadda ku 
 dig. 
 
WEI 
 
 288 
 
 ZIG 
 
 ■written, a., horan. 
 
 writer, n., hora, — gi. 
 
 writing, n., horin, — ki; hand — , 
 
 far, — ti. 
 wrong, a., gura'an, gura'na, 
 
 hallohan. 
 wrongness, «., gura', — i'hi. 
 
 Y. 
 
 yawn, v.i., afka kala had, afka 
 kala hai. 
 
 yawning, n., af kala had, — ki, af 
 kala hai's, — ki. 
 
 yea, ad., ha, waiyai. 
 
 yean, v.tr., yelo, dal. 
 
 year, n., sanad, — di, gu, — gi, 
 kal,^ — ki ; last — , kal horai, 
 sanad horai; next — , kal 
 dambe, gu dambe ; past — , 
 sanad dowed ; the coming — , 
 sanadda so so'ota ; the being 
 in years, gan, — ki, han, — ki. 
 
 yearn, v.i., tabalaisnaw. 
 
 yeast, n., hamir, — ki. 
 
 yellow, «., wob, — ki. 
 
 yes, ad., ha. 
 
 yesterday, ad., shalai, shalaito ; 
 the day before — dorad ; — 
 night, halai. 
 
 yet, a., well. 
 
 yield, v.tr., (produce) yel ; (grant) 
 bihi, si; v.i, oggolaw. 
 
 yon, yonder, ad., halka, halko, 
 mesha, mesho, shishai, u shi- 
 shai (the farthest). 
 
 you, ye, pers.prn., {see Grammar), 
 ow, yow (used as affixes). 
 
 young man, n., bahsi, — gfi, 
 barbar, — ki, dalinyaro, — adi, 
 mudakar, — ki ; younger son, 
 'uradhigai, — ^ihi ; the youngest, 
 kan ugu yar, gar u dambais. 
 
 youngling, n., dal, — ki. 
 
 your, pos.prn. (see Grammar). 
 
 youth, n., da yar, — di, — aid, 
 dalinyaro, — adi, barbar, — ki. 
 
 Z. 
 
 zariba or zereba, «., hero, — adi ; 
 
 — of thorns, hero hodahleh ; 
 
 make a — , hero od. 
 zeal, n., kul, — ki. 
 zebra, «., farow, — gfi. 
 zero, n., gobabin, — ti. 
 zigzag, «., ba'idbaid, — ki ; walk 
 
 in — (as a snake), v.i., bai'd- 
 
 baid. 
 
SUPPLEMENT 
 
 TO 
 
 SOMALI-ENGLISH YOCABULART. 
 
SUPPLEMENT 
 
 TO 
 
 SOMALI-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
 
 'abid, f.n., drinking. — di {see 'ab, 
 drink). 
 
 abar, v.i., aim at, go straight to. 
 
 abarai, v.tr., famish, starve (se« 
 abar, drought). 
 
 abarow, v.i., starve, die of hun- 
 ger. 
 
 abardaur, /.«., a fertile place, 
 neither wet nor dry. — ti. 
 
 Abbaha, n., the Father (first 
 Person of the blessed Trinity). 
 
 abbayal, n.^l., forefathers. — shi. 
 
 abbarihi, ad., about ; abbarihi 
 lab iyo tobanki yu no yimi, he 
 came to us at about 12 o'clock. 
 
 abur, m.n., foam, froth. — ^ki. 
 
 'adabai, a.; nin la 'adabai, a 
 damned man, reprobate (see 
 'adab, heU). 
 
 'adib, m.n., torment. — ^ki, 
 
 'adiban, v.-p., be tormented. 
 
 u adkaiso, v.tr., resist. 
 
 adkan, f.n., firmness, hardness, 
 victory, Confirmation (sacra- 
 ment of). — ti. 
 
 'adawad, f.n., enmity.— di. 
 ahal, f.n., viscous matter mixed 
 
 with blood in dysentery. — shi. 
 ahan, m.n., funereal feast. — ki. 
 'ainan, m.n., rein, kidney. — ki. 
 ajar, m.n., indulgence. — ki. 
 'ala'al, m.n., remorse. — ki. 
 'alal, m.n., crop (the first stomach 
 
 of a fowl). — ki. 
 'alamad, f.n., sign, mark. — di. 
 'alamadi, v.ir., mark. 
 alhad, f.n., fort, fortification. — 
 
 di. 
 AUah habai, m.n., reprobate, ab- 
 ject man, wretch. — gi; nin 
 
 AUab habaiah. 
 almas, m.n., diamond. — ^ki. 
 aluhiyad, /.M., divinity. — di. 
 alwah, f.n. (jflur. of loh), planks. 
 
 — di ; alwahda sarabkeda, 
 
 flooring. 
 alyo murtih, m.n., slaver or spittle 
 
 drivelling from the mouth. — M 
 
 (see alyo, saliva). 
 alyo mumh iss ka buhi, v.i., 
 
 slabber, slaver, drivel, besmear 
 
 with saliva. 
 
ALT 
 
 292 
 
 BOG 
 
 alyo muruh ku dadi, v.tr., slab- 
 ber, smear or wet with saliva. 
 
 (nin) alyo muruh weinleh, m.ra., 
 slabberer; ninki alyo muruh 
 weiua, the slabberer. 
 
 ambabai (nin), a.v., a debauchee. 
 
 aminad, f.n., belief, creed, faith. 
 — di. 
 
 amir, /.«., prince, chief. — ki. 
 
 arah donato, /.«., a seeker of 
 fruits in the jungle. 
 
 'araraf, m.n., affliction, suffering. 
 — ki. This word is used when 
 the pain of the soul or of the 
 body is so intense that it would 
 be preferable to die. 
 
 a'taraf, m.n., confession. — ki. 
 
 a'tarafo, v.r., confess yourself. 
 
 'awai, v.i., do not sleep, remain 
 awake and chat. — ya, wan — n. 
 
 'awais, m.n., time from B p.m. to 
 midnight. — ^ki. 
 
 'awaldar, m.n., sergeant or cor- 
 poral (of the police). — ki. 
 
 ayad, /.«., formula, form of 
 prayer. — di. 
 
 ayanta Issa, n., Christmas. 
 
 ayanta 'ided, n., holiday, solem- 
 nity (j)lur. ayamaha 'ided). 
 
 adyar {see ayar), ad., slowly; ad- 
 yar iyo adyar, little by little. 
 
 B. 
 
 bad, f.n., tribute. — di. 
 badag, m.n., duck. — gi. 
 kaga badbadi or badbadadi, v.c, 
 cheer, rejoice. 
 
 badiwaleh, m.n., postman. — hi. 
 
 badow, m. and/.w., rustic (coming 
 directly from the jungle). — gi,, 
 — di; nin, nag badowah, a 
 rustic man, woman. 
 
 ka so bah, m.n., a protuberance. 
 —hi. ■ 
 
 bahahin, m.n., idiot. — ki. 
 
 bahbah, m.n., blackish gum. — hi. 
 
 ba'ld [root), walk, march, go ; ka 
 — , give place ... 
 
 bair, m.n., clippspringer (with 
 long ears but smooth hair of 
 the same colour as those of a 
 gazelle). — ^ki. 
 
 u banai, v.i., give place for, to. 
 
 bar ma leh, a., poor (without any 
 money); ninkasi bar ma laha, 
 this man is quite poor. 
 
 bar, m.n., top, head, poll of a tree, 
 — ki ; dirta barkoda. 
 
 bar or barka sarai, m.n., fore- 
 part. 
 
 bara dubleh, m.n., small mouse 
 (a kind of kangaroo rat). 
 
 (nin) barahah, a., accommodated. 
 
 barar, v.i.^ swell. 
 
 barari, v.tr., swell, dilate. 
 
 baratan, m.n., race (running). — 
 ki. 
 
 baridi, v.tr., greet, salute {see 
 bari, be safe). 
 
 baya'ad, f.n., bargain. — di. 
 
 bedelan, v.p., be changed; be- 
 delma, wan bedelmi, 
 
 bohon, f.n., the great sinew over 
 the heel. — ti; — horai, in- 
 step. 
 
 boyad, /.ra., buoy. — di. 
 
 bog, m.n., acclamation. — gi. 
 
BUR 
 
 293 
 
 DEE 
 
 ■burambur, v.tr., sing (used only 
 
 for women). 
 buro', m.ra., a mound of sand; 
 
 bura'ha. 
 buro iss ku yal, m.n., a range of 
 
 mountains; burihi iss ku yil 
 
 (plur.), the ... 
 1)urush, m.n., brush. — ki. 
 
 D. 
 
 da'iiin, /.«., sack (of a town), pil- 
 lage. — ti. 
 
 dab, f.n., lap. — ti. 
 
 flab, f.n., certainly. — ti. 
 
 flabai, v.tr., aiErm, assure ; kaga 
 — , make certain. 
 
 flabain, f.n., affirmation. — ti. 
 
 dabah, v.tr., sacrifice. 
 
 dabihad, f.n., sacrifice, victim. — 
 di.' 
 
 dad'unah, a., fierce, wild. 
 
 dadki dintai, m.n., the dead. 
 
 daghi or dagihi, v.tr., lapidate, 
 stone. 
 
 daha, ad., often. 
 
 an dal lahain, locution, without 
 limit. 
 
 flalan, m.n.pl., children. — ki. 
 
 dalah, f.n., divorce (see fur). — di. 
 
 dalah, v.tr., divorce ; sadehda 
 dalahod bad igaga fnraisan- 
 tahai (a kind of swearing by 
 which they pledge themselves 
 to divorce). 
 
 dalo, f.n., top of the head. 
 
 dalol, m.n., (numeral) one-third. 
 
 damoh (see ku damoh), v.tr., put 
 on a plaster, poultice. 
 
 damoh, m.n., cataplasm, poultice. 
 — hi. 
 
 damur, m.n., tar, pitch. — ki. 
 
 dan (.see Part I.); wa dantisi, 
 or wa isagi iyo danti, it is his 
 concern ; aya dan leh ? who 
 has anything to say ? ana dan 
 leh, I have something to say ; 
 nin dan u ma lihi, I care for 
 nobody. 
 
 dardar, m.n., the three stones on 
 which they put their boiler. — 
 ki. 
 
 daren, v.tr., perceive ; darema, 
 wan daremi. 
 
 daren, f.n., perception, sensation. 
 — ti. 
 
 darfa', m.n., dysentery (in horses 
 and cattle). — i'hi. 
 
 wa debai, locution, he has com- 
 mitted fornication, adultery ; 
 wa i debai, he has committed 
 adultery with me. These ex- 
 pressions are used ia the Oga- 
 den, and by the Dulbanteh and 
 Darod. 
 
 deg (see Part I.); ku dega, ku 
 degta, a., adhesive. 
 
 degta dahasheda, locution, the 
 tip of the ear. 
 
 dein, f.n., omission, leaving. — ti. 
 
 dein ka tur, m.n., delator, denun- 
 ciator. 
 
 deman, m.n., diamond. — ki. 
 
 dembab, v.i., sin, commit a sin. 
 
 dembabi, v.c, make him sin. 
 
 si derai, v.tr., deepen (sink far 
 below the surfaoe). 
 
DEE 
 
 294 
 
 EDB 
 
 derai, v.i., run quick (as a 
 
 gazelle). 
 deraiyai, a.v., rapid, swift, quick 
 
 in running. 
 dergi, v.tr., satiate, make him 
 
 abound, give him as much as 
 
 he wishes. 
 derjin, m.n., a dozen. — ki. 
 didi, m.n., muddy place. — gi. 
 didi, m.n., the getting angry, wild 
 
 in playing.— gi. 
 didi, v.i., get angry; didiya, wan 
 
 didiyi. 
 didib, f.n., declivity, slope (so 
 
 abrupt that it is impossible to 
 
 stand on). — ti. 
 didibso, v.i., stretch out the legs. 
 didibsan, a., having the legs ex- 
 tended, stretched out. 
 dif, num., few, a little. 
 difad or dufad, m.n., a twitch, a 
 
 quick pull. — ki. 
 dignin, f.n., denunciation. — ti. 
 digri, m.n., elegy, song of lamen- 
 tation. — gi. 
 dilid, f.n., murder. — di; or dil, 
 
 m.n., homicide. — ki. 
 dillo ka dig, v.tr., prostitute. 
 diman, v.i., decrease, grow less ; 
 
 dinma, wan dinmi. 
 (nin) dimanaya, a., dying man. 
 an diman karin, a., immortal. 
 dina', m.n., fillet (the loins of 
 
 oxen, horses, &c. — ki, — yo 
 
 (see sarar), 
 dira', v.tr., measure; a., wan — i, 
 diran (nin), a., a hero, a man 
 
 never afraid; ninki dirana, 
 
 the hero. 
 diranaw, v.att., be a hero. 
 
 dirandiro, f.n., oral report about 
 
 somebody. '*" '"(j 
 
 dirih, f.n., puddle or muddy 
 
 standing water. — di. 
 dog, f.n., consequence. — ti, 
 dol, f.n., the second tooth (upper 
 
 and under one). — sM, — o. 
 iss u don, v.tr., affiance, betroth. 
 donanan,/.H., affiance, betrothing. 
 
 — ti. 
 du, v.tr., remove, keep ofE ; — a, 
 
 wan — i; ka — , keep from, 
 
 dissuade. 
 duban, a., long, acute {see der) ; 
 
 san duban, a long nose ; sanki 
 
 dubna, the ... 
 duf, m.n., storm, tempest. — ki ; 
 
 duf ba dabaya, there is a storm, 
 iss ku dnfo, v.tr., drink liquors, 
 
 wine, make yourself drunk {lit. 
 
 beat yourself). '&P.''X3^\ 
 
 ku dug, v.tr., beat. 
 dugo, v.i., look ; dugta, wan du-, 
 
 gan. 
 dugtan, v.p., be aiming at ; dug- 
 
 tama, wan dugtami. 
 dUl mar, v.tr., win, overcome. 
 dumal, v.tr., marry your sister-in- 
 law, marry a second time. 
 dumo', f.n., size. — di ; — wein, 
 
 big ; — ya-r, thin, small. 
 
 E. 
 
 edeg, m.n., a small fold for lambs 
 and kids (within the enclosure).^ 
 — gi- 
 
EKA 
 
 295 
 
 GAN 
 
 ekan, /.«., likeness, resemblance. 
 — ti. 
 
 ku eri (see Dictionary), v.tr., drive 
 into ; musmar ku eri, drive in 
 a nail ; ka eri, drive out. 
 
 ergo (see Dictionary), /.«., em- 
 bassy. 
 
 F. 
 
 fadilad, /.«., virtue. — di. 
 
 fadi (see Dictionary); fadi far- 
 daah, a herd of horses ; fadi 
 lo'ah, a herd of neat cattle. 
 
 fag, v.tr., take ofE the warp or 
 the vyoof of cloth to make 
 thread. 
 
 fahmad, f.n., memory. — di. 
 
 fakir, m.n., a Mussulman fakir. — 
 ki. 
 
 fakirow, v.tr., beg (alms) ; si — , 
 beg always ; nmkasi wa fakir- 
 auyahai, this man is always 
 doing the same work. 
 
 falahnimo,/.?i., pride. 
 
 falau, m.n., means. — gi. 
 
 fali, w.^r., foretell, predict; uinki 
 ba i faliyai inan gor flow 
 dimanaya, the man foretold 
 me that I was to die soon. 
 
 fallid, m.n., stump of a tooth. — ki. 
 
 iss fani, v.i., presume of yourself, 
 boast. 
 
 fanah gara'is, m.n., beating re- 
 peatedly on the knuckles. — ki. 
 
 farrin, f.n., the word said. — ti; 
 farrin igu gei, go and tell him 
 what I said to you. 
 
 fayo, m.n.pl., features, face. — ihi; 
 
 fayo wanaksan, nice features ; 
 
 fayihi wanaksana, the ... (see 
 
 horisho). 
 feirfenad or fenfenasho, m.n., f.n., 
 
 gnawing. — ki, — di. 
 fid, m.n., first part of the night, 
 
 from sunset to 8 o'clock. 
 fihnan, f.n., sharpness, acuteness. 
 
 — ti. 
 fuhsi, m.n., drinking. — gi. 
 fuhfuhso, v.i., gully, make noise 
 
 with the lips in drinking (see 
 
 kalo). 
 fuji or so fitji, v.tr., separate, take 
 
 out [see ruji) ; kala — , sepa- 
 rate (two things joined). 
 
 G. 
 
 gabU, f.n., a skin of a cow or a 
 camel used to shade children 
 when on camels. — shi. 
 
 gahaid or gahai'r, m.n., raw fruit. 
 — ki. 
 
 galibah, m.n., evaporation. — hi. 
 
 galibihi, v.tr., v.i., evaporate. 
 
 gamod, m.n., water coming from 
 the gadod, curdled millc. — ki. 
 
 gamun, m.n., stick of an arrow, 
 — ki. 
 
 gaua', m.n., the great gut. — ^i'hi. 
 
 gantal, f.n., arrow. — sM. (When 
 the stick and the arrow are 
 joined they form the arrow, 
 which is called fallad, gantal, 
 degalai.) 
 
GAE 
 
 296 
 
 HUB 
 
 ka gar hel or garow, v.p., be 
 convicted. 
 
 gara'is, m.n., flagellation. — ki. 
 
 gawafli, /.«., cart, car. — di. 
 
 geiso {see gel), v.r., bring your 
 part. 
 
 gidilian, indef. num., general. 
 
 giringiri, v.tr., roll up. 
 
 guuauad, m.n., agony, last mo- 
 ments. — ki. 
 
 guro, f.n., a place prepared on 
 camels for small children. 
 
 H. 
 
 hab, v.tr., clean a plate by eating 
 
 what remains on it. 
 habeibsan, a., hoarse. 
 habo, v.tr., gather fuel, firewood. 
 nafl hodal, m.n., evening shadow. 
 
 — ki. 
 hadir, a., present ; wa ku hadir, 
 
 he is present. 
 hadiri, v.tr., pass the review. 
 hadiris, m.n., review. — ki. 
 iag Ebbehen or Ebbahai, locu- 
 tion, towards God, for the sake 
 
 of God. 
 haga or hagi, ad., all right ; wa 
 
 hagi, it is all right, good, well, 
 
 it is so. 
 baghago, v.i., stammer ; hag- 
 
 bagta. 
 b-ahnimOj/.M., justice. 
 hajolad, f.n., talisman (made of 
 
 silver, and ordinarily tied to 
 
 the upper part of the arm). — 
 
 di. 
 
 iss ku halai, v.r., rely upon. 
 
 baleil, v.tr., catch, reach. 
 
 hamasho,/M., backbiting. — di. 
 
 haugarara, m.n., a kind of centi- 
 pede. — IM (see Dictionary). 
 
 haransau; wah waliba iga ba- 
 ransan, an oath often used by 
 the Somalis. (By this oath they J 
 bind themselves to a divorce.) , 
 
 hardi, m.n., shock. — gi. 
 
 hardi, v.tr., shock. — ya ; wan 
 hardiyi. 
 
 hasakab, m.«., accent (sign). — ki. 
 
 hashwad, /.»., wreck, shipwreck. 
 — di. 
 
 haskul, /.M., tow (made from the, 
 bark of trees). — sM. 
 
 kaga hawi, v.tr., slay, beat with- 
 out mercy. 
 
 hig, m.n., tow. — gi (see haskul). 
 
 higto, /.«., relation. — adi. 
 
 hihlai, m.n., sob, convulsive sigh. 
 — M. 
 
 bihlai, v.i., sob. 
 
 hisbod,m.w.(seeDictionary); means 
 also disgrace, discredit, dis- 
 honour. 
 
 bilo, m.n. sing, and pi., wife, 
 wives. — hi; hilaaigu wa sa- 
 dehdi dalabadod inaiyau 
 ahalka ku jirahain, I divorce 
 you by three divorces (oath 
 having the same meaning as 
 that of the word dalah, which 
 see). 
 hilo badau, a., polygamist. 
 
 hogo, v.L, slouch; bogta, wan 
 
 bogan. 
 hogasho,y!w., slouch. — adi. 
 bub, m.n., slough of a' snake. — ki. 
 
HUB 
 
 297 
 
 IHS 
 
 hubal, a., certain, sure. 
 huiidiir,/.»., dysentery. — ti. 
 iunguriyai, v.tr., envy. — ya, — n. 
 
 H. 
 
 ha, m.w., incense. — hi. 
 
 habil, m.n., skins sewn together 
 
 and used as cradles for babies. 
 
 — ki. 
 hahabad,/.?i., prostitute. — di; ha- 
 
 habo, — ihi (pZwr.), prostitutes. 
 hahabad ka dig, v.tr., prostitute. 
 hado, /.n., dinner. 
 haibai, a., adulterated; wa ru- 
 
 biad haibaiah or haibaah, this 
 
 rupee is adulterated, is false. 
 haisaran, f.n., ratan (cane). — ti. 
 haisaramai, v.tr., flog. 
 halab, /.m., shagginess. — ti. 
 halab leh, a., shagged, shaggy, 
 
 hairy, rough, having long hair. 
 hamir, m.n., ferment, yeast. — ki. 
 ^amis, m.n., poisonous arrow ; 
 
 kolka faUaddu dohbautahai 
 
 wahha la yidahda haiuis, when 
 
 the arrow is poisoned they call 
 
 it hamis. 
 hamri, m.n., liquor, wine. — gi. 
 hasanad, f.n., treasure. — di. 
 hodus ka dig, ka samai, v.tr., 
 
 sanctify, consecrate. 
 hon, v.ir., wound, hurt. 
 boranso, v.tr., stretch out. 
 horis ho, m.n.fl., features. — ihi. 
 hud, f.n., person, nature, self. — 
 
 ' di. 
 ^udtun, m.n., spike, stake. — ki. 
 
 huhub, m.n., sneer, ludicrous 
 
 scorn. — ki. 
 hubihi, v.tr., sneer, scorn. 
 humbaho, v.i., fall sick again; 
 
 humbahda, wan hnmbahau. 
 
 K. 
 
 -ki. 
 
 ka'anut, m.n., holy order.- 
 
 kabo, v.i., gully. 
 
 kabul, m.n., corporal (of police). 
 — ki. 
 
 kanfnr, m.n., camphor. — ki. 
 
 katholik, m.n.. Catholic. — gi ; 
 katholigaah, a Catholic. 
 
 kidif, v.tr., tear or cut into small 
 pieces ; kidfa, wan kidfi. 
 
 kilkilai, v.tr., tickle. 
 
 korban, m.n., Eucharist, Com- 
 munion. — ki. 
 
 Kristos, p?-qp.m., Christ. 
 
 kudmo, f.n., sodomy (wsec? alw 
 for fornication ; see wasmo). 
 
 kiirtun, m.n., stump of a tree 
 become dry. 
 
 idan, m.n., authority, dominion. 
 
 — ki. 
 idan or u idin (see u idin in 
 
 Dictionary). 
 ifharistiya, m.n., Eucharist. — ihi. 
 ih, f.n., suffocation, smothering, 
 "— di. 
 ihsan, a.v., suffocated. 
 
IHS 
 
 298 
 
 MUD 
 
 ihsanaw, v.att., be suffocated. 
 'iji, v.tr., suffocate, smother. 
 ilah, f.n., quarrel, strife. — ^ti. 
 luanka, — i, — ^u, n., the Son 
 
 (Second Person of the Blessed 
 
 Trinity). 
 ina, a., any [see in, part, piece). 
 
 J. 
 
 jawan, /'.«., stock, store. — ^ti. 
 
 ha i ged or jed min, do not dis- 
 tract me. 
 
 dinta jahad, v.tr., backslide (in 
 religion), apostatize. 
 
 jidhadasho, f.n., incarnation. 
 
 jirso, v.i., be old; wilkasu todoba 
 jirsai or jirsadai, this boy is 
 seven years old ; so — , take 
 shelter ; ahalka so jirso. 
 
 ioxi, f.n., bay.— di. 
 
 junub, f.n., pollution during 
 sleep. — ti; iss ku — , have a 
 pollution during sleep. 
 
 L. 
 
 labho, f.n., pit of the stomach. 
 
 lalad, m.n., a swing. — ki. 
 
 lilah, m.n. (see Dictionary), God. 
 — ^hi. This word means espe- 
 cially ' .the truth.' 
 
 limad, m.n., slough, a deep miry 
 place. — ki. 
 
 liturgiyad, f.n., liturgy. — di. 
 
 lol, v.i., play. 
 
 loli, v.tr., amuse,, cause tojplay. 
 lol, m.n., boughs used in making 
 
 the Somali hut {see dig lola). 
 
 — ki. 
 lul, v.i., hang. 
 
 M. 
 
 of 
 
 madal, m.n., a measure 
 cooked rice. — ki. 
 
 madowbow, v.p., be black. 
 
 mahawi, m.n., tempter, misleader 
 (in religion only).' — gi. 
 
 maid, v.tr. {see Dictionary), bap- 
 tize. 
 
 maidasho, f.n., baptism. 
 
 mairun, m.n., chrism. — ki. 
 
 masar, m.n., handkerchief. — ki. 
 
 mashad, f.n., ointment, unction. 
 — di ; mashadda ahirah or 
 mashadda dadka buka, Ex- 
 treme Unction. 
 
 ma'shar, m.n., lesson. — ki, 
 
 meri, v.tr., marry. 
 
 merso, v.r., marry (yourself). 
 
 mestira, m.n., mystery. — M. 
 
 midmid u tiri, v.tr., enumerate. 
 
 midnimo, f.n., unity. 
 
 minda 1 part. int. neg., is it not ? 
 
 miran, a.v., clear, limpid. 
 
 iss misan, v.i., swing, see-saw. 
 
 miskinad, f.n., beggar (woman). 
 — di. 
 
 salibka ku mismar, «.«r., crucify. 
 
 mot, m.n., death. — ^ki. 
 
 mud, m.n., the place after the 
 shaf in the camel's chest. — ki. 
 
 ka mud bidi, v.tr., transfix. 
 
MUH 
 
 299 
 
 SIG 
 
 muhallis, m.n.. Saviour. — ^ki. 
 mulk, m.n., throne. — gi. 
 mulki, m.n., kingdom. — gi. 
 murwai, v.tr., honour, respect. 
 
 N. 
 
 iss na', v.r. {see na', Dictionary), 
 
 abnegate, renounce yourself. 
 iss ne'bahan, /.»., abnegation. 
 
 — ti. 
 nab, v.tr., splash; timaha nab, 
 
 splash your hair flat with lime 
 
 or mud ; ku — , glue. 
 nabar yel, v.tr., wound, hurt. 
 nabid or nebid, m.n., wine. — ki. 
 nahsan, a.v., charitable, merciful. 
 dab nared, m.n., hell-fire. — ki. 
 niyed, /.«., conscience. — di. 
 nolol, f.n., life. — sM. 
 
 O. 
 
 ohon daran or ohon la, a.,ignorant. 
 ori or 'iiri,/.«., wife, lady, woman. 
 — di. 
 
 R. 
 
 Rabbi, m.n., God. — gi. This word 
 means especially ' the Lord.' 
 
 ra'id, f.n., the accompanying, 
 going along with. 
 
 du'a ku rag, m.n., ascetic, pray- 
 ing a long time. — gi {see rag, 
 delay ...). 
 
 rash, m.n., shot (any kind of 
 , shot, as dust-shot ...). — ki. 
 
 rassul, m.n.. Apostolic— gi ; 
 djnta rassuligaah, the Apos- 
 tolic religion. 
 
 raya, ad., right. 
 
 rido, v.r., pitch, throw, upset 
 yourself ; ridda, wan ridan. 
 
 biyihi 'arrada rogai, locution, 
 the Deluge (see dad). 
 
 (nin) rogmai, a., abashed. 
 
 u ronaw, v.tr., benefit, do good to. , 
 
 ruh, m.n., spirit, mind. — hi, 
 
 ruiiha hoduskaah, prop. «., the 
 Holy "Ghost (Third Person of 
 the Blessed Trinity). 
 
 rumaisi, m.n., affirmation.— gi. 
 
 rutbab, m.n., ceremony, rite. — hi ; 
 rutab. — ti (phir.). 
 
 S. 
 
 Sadehmidnimada, — i, prop, n., 
 
 the Trinity (of God). 
 sahalan, a.v., easy. 
 seg, v.tr., miss, omit ; saladdi 
 
 ban segai, I omitted, missed 
 
 the prayer. 
 segasho.yin., omission. 
 sbahawad, f.n., passion (of the 
 
 soul). — di. 
 shirud or shurud, m.n., cigar. — ki. 
 sig or la wah, v.tr., miss in 
 
 aiming at. 
 
SIG 
 
 300 
 
 WAJ 
 
 sigarad, m.n., cigar, cigarette. — 
 
 ki. 
 sir, v.tr., cheat, deceive, trick 
 , (in playing). 
 sir, f.n., a cheating in a game, 
 
 trick. — ti. 
 sirra, m.n., sacrament. — hi, — yal. 
 simarad, f.n., curl (a ringlet of 
 
 hair). — di. 
 siirad,y!w., chapter. — di. 
 
 tegid, /.M., the going ... — di {see 
 tag, go). 
 
 tahadiska dabihadda, n., con- 
 secration (at Mass). 
 
 iss ku talabsau, a.v., crossed, 
 lying across. 
 
 tambnk, m.n., tent (of Europeans). 
 
 — gi. 
 tarak, v.t7'., apostatize, backslide 
 
 (in religion). 
 tarik, m.n., apostate, backslider. 
 
 — gi- 
 tarbiyad, f.n., operation. — di ; 
 
 tarbiyad hun, awkwardness. 
 taubadlaan, f.n., impenitence. — 
 
 ti. 
 tawila, m.n., fortune-teller. — hi. 
 a tosi, v.tr., encourage {see tos, 
 
 right). 
 tulan, a.v., accumulated, heaped, 
 iss tun {see tun, forge), v.i., clash; 
 
 ku tun, strike upon. 
 tumin, f.n., show, exposure. — ti. 
 
 U. 
 
 udbi, m.n., cotton. — gi. 
 
 ugadsi, m.n., chase, hunting. — gi. 
 
 ugadso, v.tr., hunt. 
 
 ulaka', f.n., will. — di ; ninka 
 ulaka'disu wa mid baan, the 
 will of that man is a bad one. 
 
 ulaka' ... u, ad., wilfully. 
 
 ulaka'ah, a., wilful. 
 
 umaslio, f.n., creation. 
 
 'unid, f.n., eating. — di. 
 
 ur, v.i., smell. — a, wan — i. 
 
 urur hidigaah, m.n., constella- 
 tion. — ^hi. 
 
 usar, m.n., scum. — ki; usarka 
 ka safai, skim. 
 
 W. 
 
 wabayaisan, a.v., baneful, poi- 
 sonous. 
 
 wado {see wad), v.r., go on (for 
 yourself). 
 
 wadi', v.tr., preach ; — ya, wan 
 wadi'i. 
 
 wahtiga sonka, locution, Lent, 
 the quadragesimal fast. 
 
 wajib. This word means ' must,' 
 'obliged,' 'necessary'; it is 
 used as follows : 1st pers., igtt 
 wajib, I must, I am obliged, it 
 is necessary for me ; 2nd pers., 
 kugu wajib ; 3rd pers. sing, and 
 plur., ku wajib ; 1st pers. plur., 
 iaa ku wajib ; 2nd pers. plur., 
 idin ku wajib. 
 
WAL 
 
 301 
 
 YBL 
 
 wal {root), v.tr., v.i., madden, to 
 become mad. 
 
 walah, f.n., thing. — di. This 
 word is especially used for in- 
 visible things. 
 
 tobanka wasiyadod, decalogue. 
 
 waslado, m.n., liver (of camels). 
 — hi. 
 
 weidafi, v.tr., throw, cast head- 
 long ; so — , iss — , throw 
 yourself. 
 
 weisweis, v.tr., distract. 
 
 weisweis, m.n,, distraction. — -ki. 
 
 wer, m.n., a linen surrounding 
 the head (emblem of mourn- 
 ing). — ki. 
 
 wer, v.tr., surround the head ... 
 
 on account of mourning. 
 wero, v.r., surround your head . . . ; 
 
 werta, wan weran. 
 wah ka werar, v.tr., fight with. 
 wiswis, m.n., doubt, uncertainty. 
 wiswislaan, f.n., without any 
 
 doubt, certainty. 
 
 Y. 
 
 yala, ad., often {see ya). 
 yel nah, v.tr., curry (dress tanned 
 leather). 
 
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