CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY 3 1924 104 014 844 The original of tliis book is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924104014844 ne Importance of « RELIGIOUS EDUCA- TION Illustrated and Enforced. S E R M o N: BEtlVEREDAT WORCESTER, OCTOBER gij i793i EltECUTION OF SAMUEL FROST, ON THAT DAY, FOR THE MURDER oi Captain ELISHA ALLEN, or PRiNCEfONj OK THE ifith DAT OF JULY, 1793. BY AARON BANCROFT, a. m; Pastok of the SecOno Chdrch in WdnciSTSKi PRINTED R.T! WO RCESTER, M as s ac H vs btts, , BY ISAIAH THOMAS. S9t.D AT THE WORCESTER. BOO-fTiTO-RIt MDCCXCin. Mr..B an GRO F.1"s S E R MO N. OCCASIONED BY THE EXECUTION OF SAMUEL FROST, forMURDER. I. Samuel, iii. la. "HIS SONS MADE THEMSELVES VILE, AND HE RESTRAINED THEM NOT." Eli, the chief of his tribe and prieft of the temple'in Shiloh, was himfelf a pious and good man. He ferioufly performed the duties of his of- fice, and difcovered a fdlicitude'to promote thein- tereft of religion. In his own life he fet a good example, and gave the beft advice to thofe who affembled around the altar of the Lord ; but he fail- ed in the government of his family. He trained not his fons to walk in his Heps ; and to obey the commands of their God. He gave great- er latitude of. indulgence to their paffions and de- fires, than is confiftent with the rules of virtue. He did not, with becoming zeal and authority, cor- reft the commencement of their evil pradliees, but connived at t?ieir impiety, and they became fons oS Belial. . The confidence and the power i-epofed in them, as the attendants of the altar, they abufed td the vileft purpofes, Inftead of leading in the devo- , tions 4 1 _2_' i*-- ■■■) , tions of the people, inftead of puxe examples and amiable manners, to perfuade their c&WArymen to , walk ifl the p?|hs of religion, they" ufed.the inttyence of their ftation, to corrupt their mind's and allure them to the paths of folly and vice, ht a late period, Eli warned his fons of their danger, and admonifli- ed them to reform their ^saOsices. "He faid unto them, I Why do ye fuch things ? For I hear of your evil doings by all this people. Nay, my fons ; for it is no good report that I hear ; ye make the Lord's people to tranfgrefs. If one man fin againft an- other, the judge.fhall judge him ; but, if a man fin againft the Lord, i Who Ihall eritreat for him?" • But alas ! the authority of the parent was loft, the habit of fin was eftabliftied, admonition and coun- felwereineffeflual. The father himfelf'fiiflFered for his early negle^ in the eduGabjon of his chxldn^. His declining years were rendered joyl^fs by stfee knoiwiedge p(f their malpraftices, And the prophf* jof the Lord was commiffionedi to carry to hiiii the predififcions of the fignal deftru^ion of lis fons, and of the tranflation of the priefthood: from his fanaily. A fimilar mcflag^ lyas delivered ^' tthe youthful Samuel : '* I have told/ him, that I will judge hishoufe, fortheiniquity which he knoweth; becaufe his fons piade themfelves vile and he re^ ftrained them not," Wlipn Eli heard this di- vine denunciation, he murmured not, but in grief he acquiefced. ^' It is the Lord j let him do what feemeth him good." This afBifted man filled up ihefull meafure of his days, he attained to ninety f pd eight year&, his eyes failed throughage, his limbs w5?reja}aiofl; ii*(;%i^bl<8of ip/Stio^ ; *■)«: Jie ftill feU jIBX^etyfor thq in|erefts of his?Goi«|jy)Ei iTh^Ifraelr ites wicre at war. His fons wwe goae ieriii t® ba&- tl«, and the ark ©f God;- was conveyed tq: ths field «f aftion. ItD|)atie»t to Iwaar from tfate camp, he fet by the w^yfidewli Tidings were brought of the defeat of the aa^my, and ithe' city was ip an uproar. The ti«BinU reae&ed the ears ©f the ragflfl prieft, and with deep anxiety be .inquair«d ithe caufbt The meffeagea!; approached him and laid : " I am he. that came out of the jaiMiy, aaad I fled today out of the army. And he faid, i What is tber?! done, my fon ? And the meffenger faid, lit raeil is fled before the PhiliMnes, and there ba$ b^en alfo a great :flaughter among the people, ajjd tby two Gons, i^phni and Phinehas, are dead, an4 the: ark of «is of feiciety is open to every indirvidu£il ; arndall defcriptiosS^of men ^nDifefs the means togivfe tfedrr childrenfuchedmGabiaU, as may qualify thettl to„ be ufeful and : diftrng«.aflfed . mfembers of . thi© coiftrftunity. Oar anceftorsi in thie fi*ft feKtement of this country, were ffenfible of the import' tance of ^ education, and were early attefi«Ve to the htii means jto fecuTe it. Their, fituation infpired fhem with :jiberal arid ifmHime ideas on the fub- jeft, and they adopted a plan, from which we en- joy the mOft extenfive advantages. Reteoved from the m'eans of 'i»fti'u61ii©n and -improvement, which they enjoyed in their mother couritty, Jtod forming a world bf themfelvtis, they felt- the incoftveM«nces of, their fiteation, and fofefaw that, VfrithOtft pecu- liar exertions, the fucceedingg^felf&tibn would but little dii5gr,f*Qin. the tribes of f&vU^6s with whicfl th^ry muft afeeiate. They Aerefore etoblifhedr* method methoiJ- of. general edueatiohby, legiflative authori-- tj?. They tnadqit the duty of every inoorporation, which poffeffed the ability, to eftablifti fchools at the common expenfe, open asmuch to the childrea of the poor* as to thofe of the rich. ., The method, has been: pti-eferved to the prefent day : A^nd New-, england, I beliwej/is now the only country on the globe, where the education of children is- fo much, the care of . government, sts to oblige the wealthy, in proportion to, their property," to beiar the ex- penfe of fchools, of which all may reap an equal advantage, vj ■ f^hii- v-^ . , ; • fjjr t The general utility of this plan has been fully realized. The great body of the commimity, at the prefent day, difcover a laudable fpirit to carry into effeft . the free intentions of the legiQature. The opportunities, to qualify youth for the aftive bufinefs of fociety, are great- and we have only to lament the inattention and negligence of individu- als to availJ thetpfelves of the means put within, their reach, to prepare their children to fuftain^ with honour and eYnolument, the various offices of fociety; ■ ;» But among us, i Can there be thofe, who are fo far loft to parental feelings; as not to wifh to fit their children for ftations, that are not menial and fervile ? Look into fociety. ' ^ Who are the men, that fill with the greateft" dignity and luftre the various offices of government ? — ^ Who rife to the mqft diflinguifhed eminence in the feveral learnfed profeffions ?— ^^ Who manage with the • greateft fuccefs th6« means . to acquire property ?— ^ Are M B ;»: , they to they genei-jflly thofe^ who enter iato life with pe^ coUar advantages of ' family, or with profpefts xrf Targe patrimonial eftate& ? Or,, ^ Are they men; wrho were early taught to dfepeiid dft the energies of th«ir oiv'n minds ^ and we^e feduckted' under the perfuafion, that their charaBers and ftations in fo- ciety werefufpended on their own exertions ? The jlnfwer to theffe queflions will tend to extinguiffli in the wealthy and eminent the pride and vanity of fatnily, and to raifethe poor and the humble from iheannefs and defpondency. It will point parental folicitude to its proper objefts, and teach us all, that a good education, that habits ctffobriety and ufeful application, are the beft inheritance we can tranfmit to our children. ' But, on this occafion, I wifh to direfi your at- tention more particularly to a religious education. Religion adds worth to all other accompli Ihments. Without it the higheft attainments in literature, the moll poll (hed forms of addrefs, and all the arta of bufiiiefs, lay no foundation for eon.fidetice^-give no fecurity for amiable and good conduft. Relig- ion alone refines the difpofitions of men, ennobles their views, eftablifll&s unchangeable principles ;of good conduft, and furnifbes the moil influential motives to perform all focial, all benevolent and Itonourable offices. Religion, is as much fuperi- our to worldly accomplifliments, as the irhraortal foul is fuperiour to the corruptible body — as ever- lafting harppinefs is preferable to the momentary diftin6lions of wealth and grandeur. It is a: fenfe Of the fuperintendence of Deity, " whofe eyesfar- vey. vey, jmd whofe eylids-|Tj^lfhec|rildrettof men ;" it is. Ae belief of our accountability at the bar of God ; it is a realizing view of the final iflUe of human aftions, that can reftrain the undue influence of^ the paffions of. men, and furnifti us with power.to refift thfe various temptations of the world. HQ*\r unhappy then the condition of thofe, who were led to profane the name of Godj before thejj attained to an age to form any worthy apprehen- fions Ojf the perfeftion Andmajefty of Deity ! Wha were Induced to make a j eft of the folemnities ofi religion^ before they had underftanding to com- prehend its ^duties, or to feel the force of its obli* gs^otts ! i What fliall check the > corrupt indul- gence of .their paffions ? — i What ihall reftrain them from the greateft, enormities. ?— r-^ Will they not adopt the language of the practical atheifts of dM,^" ^ Who is the Lord that we fhould fear him,' and what pro&t Ihall we have, if we pray unto him r ; - Early impveffions are-deep-; they are influential. We are all fenfible of the influence of principles,) that were implanted in our minds before reafon had attaintd its ftrength. We are all fenfible with) what diflSculty we conquer the influence of. opin- ions and per£akfions thati through falfe methods o£ education^ were imprefled upon, oar infant, rainds. W.6 may be fully convinced of -their fuper-j fliUous rpripn.< ; and yet with all the flirength of fouiid reafon and mature judgment, we cannoti whoUyxradicate their infLuencB; i What falutary; effe£la then, may not be expefted from early im-. preflions / 12 preflions of piety,- and rigKt ihoi'ar'priticiplesof a£lion, which will receive- incr^afih^ ftrength and fupport from 'the decifions of a found judgiheftt, the diftates of an enlightened confcience, and from every habit of jiift refleftion ? There is a profpecl, that fome youth, who have been favoured with a religious education," 'may be ledaftray by the ar- dour of their difpofitions, or by the enticements of their let^d and corrupt companions. Yet they fin •w'ith fear and trembling. - They fhudder at every ' fudden alarm, as though the avenging miniflierof heaven was approaching to arreft them in their, progrefs of impiety, and punifli tlieirfolly-and fin. Or fhould they even form a habit oi fin, unexpefil- , ed occurrences of divine . Providence-iKay awaken ) theni to a keen fenfe of their guilt, call up the feel- ings of more innocent days, and render them aliv^ to all the feelings of religion and virtue. But where the mind, has never been impreffed with, a fenfe of religion, where moral principles have nev^ er been implanted, confcience, by an early ac- quaintance with fin, will b» fileUced before its voice has been diftinftly heard, and the moll aban- doned ftate of vice will probably; be the.confe- quence. Look among thofe, whofe. firft impreffions were made amidft fcenes of vice, and who received their education under examples of fin, whofe firft elfays of rea;fon and aftivity were amidft fcenes of corruption and profligacy, and you will find de- grees of youthful depravity, at which you muft be aftoniflied ; and the recovery of youth,' of this ""-■ • • ". ■ qharafiler, ■ 18^ charafler, from the habits ofiiin, is extremely diffi- cult and altogether improbable. ' ' The parent would- be juftly accounted favage and inhuman, who Ihould abandon his child in its infant ftate, or make, no provifibn forits fup- port and comfort in fhe period of childhood and youth. He would be thought unworthy the name of a father, and a difgrace to his fpecies, who fhould turn his fon into the world, at the age of manhood, without any acquaintance with the afliive bufinefs of life, and deftitute pf all means to ob- tain an honeft and reputable fupport. ^What th«n muft be the charadler of the man, who is inatten- tive to the religious and virtuous education of his children ; who takes no pains to teach them wor- thy apprehenfions of the being and government of God ; who neglefts to imprefs their minds with a reverence of the divine charafter ; and to lead them to a realizing view of the obligations and im- ^ mortal concerns of religion ? The man, who be- lives in the exiftence of a God, who fUppofes that his child -poffleffes a capacity above the brute that perifhes, and yet neglefts to lead him to a right knowledge of the great truths and duties of religion, muft be dead to tthe true affeftion of a parent, loft to the moft ingenuous feelings of humanity, and altogether deftitute of a becoming folicitude for the welfare and happinefs- of the " fruit of his body." ^ Does not fuch negleft flioek all our feelings of : tendemefs and fympathy ? — ^ Is it not inconfiftent . with every diftate qf reafon, and the groffeft vio- lation of the precepsfs of our fejigion ? The" »4 The dire£lioii of hefavea to th© childrai of Ifra^ was, " Thefe words, which I command thee tbi^i-dayK ihall be in thine heart, and thowlhalt teach them diligently unto thy children, and flialt talk of thfem- when thou fitteft in thine hou-fe^ and when thou T*^alkeft by the way, arid whefl thou lieft dpwn, and, when thou rifeft up." The Divine Being naakes- honourable mention of the piety of Abraham, in the religious education of his childicn-^-" i know him that he will command his children and his houfehold after him, and they fliall keep, the Wayf tues, of their religion. In the publick exercifes o£ th?! Sabbath, it provides the mofl efFettual means tOr affift jheni in the difcharge of itheir duty. The publick exercifes of our religion are happily cal-i culatedi to.imprefs the minds of children and youth with a lively apprehenfion of the prefence and fu-. perintendency of Deity, with a fenfe of their ac- cduntablenefs to him for all the aftions of the pref- ent life, and to eftabhfh/ in their minds, On a relig- ions fpundation, the (great principles of morality. Every man of refle£tibn mull then feel a painful regret, that fo many among us are falling off from, that habitual a>ttendance upon publick worfhip,. which has, heretofore, .eha«a£lerized the people of this country, and W^hieh has the aadft -favtmrabk. influence kifluepce on the dearefl^ int^rdls of the prefent and future world. > The limits of a publick difaourfe- forbid the at- lempt to defcribe the heft methods of religious ed- ueation, or to point out the moft effectual means to inftil moral principles into the tender mind, and to form in youth early habits ' of virtue. In general we may obferve, that the authority of the parent ought iipt to be exercifed. wi*h fuch feverity, asitodaxnp th^^rdorof en>ulation, and beget a weak and feryile dependence. Children fhould be led to place confidence in their own exertions^ Their aftive powers fliould be invigorated to man- ly and noble purfuits^ by lively r«prefentations of the advantages that may refult to thcmfelves. In religion, unTcafpnable reftraints fliould not be im- pofed i for thefe have a tendency to prejudice young minds againft religious duty. Offices of piety, and the general praftices of virtue, ought not to be de- fcribed in a gloomy and forbidding afpeft ; left averfion be excited in the unexperienced mind. Deity fliould ever be defcribed to children, as a be- nevolcEt and mercifial father, as well as a juft and righteous judge, that. his fervice may appear eafy and pleafant. Youth fliould be led to hate vice on account of its odious nature and baneful effeSs; and to prize religisOiUs attainments, as qualification* neceffary to fecure them peace of mind, real digni- ty of cliterafler, fubftantial and lafl;ing happinefsi Permit me to add, that inflfruftion mufl: always be enfoyc^d by example. Principle will generally be und^ftqad, as jlluflSrated by praftice. The V i6 *'^The ftory, of \V-'hich oUr text is a part, opens to our contemplation an inftance of the fatal effefts" attendant on the' liiegleft of' parents l;o reftrain the vicious propehfities of their children, and to give a virtuous direElibn to their a€live powers. » The fbns of Eli made themfelves vile in the fight of God. • They broke loofe from all the reftraints of religion, and " gave themfelves up to work iniq- uity with greedinefs." Their- giiilt was, in a de- gree, imputed to their father, becaufe he did not, with the earneftnefs and authority of a parent, check their vicious difpofitions, and reftrain their "violent prafiices. In that period of human life, which needs all the confolation of religion, all the Tooth- ing attention of Jilial piety, to enable a man to fupportits infirmities and pains, he doubtlefs felt all that remorfe, which an ingenuous mind feels upon the cohfcioufnefs of criminal negleft, in one of the nioft f^cfed and important duties of man. ftfe faw' hi* fons fall from the dignity and purity of "their natiires." He faw them the difgrace of the fa- cerdotal order, and beheld theih the atgents of fin, in' the wilful and bafe' corruption ofth'ofewho prefented themfelves for the fincere wOrfhip of the Deity. He ffelt the fevere and juft reprimafid of his God, and \vfes" humbled by the divine declara- tion, that the priefthood, in his age, the moft dif- tinguifhed honour of his country, Ihould forever b^ removed from his family. '< ' * ■^ And have we not now before us a ftriking in- ftance of the fatal eEFeas. of the negleft of early education and good example ? We behold a hu- ' . , man man being, aMt^reiitljf devoid of fociajt ^ffeQion and a fenfeot. moral obligation. He has commit- ted crimes, of the moft heinous nature, and is now wiih ignominy to lofe his life, as a peft of fociety ; and yet he , difcovers little or no compun^iojijO:^ mind, little commotion on account of the dreadful, fcenes beforehim. ^ Has tbe;Author of human na- ture denied him|hofe powej'S and aflFe£lions,;wJiicJi men in common poffefs ? All who are particularly acquainted with him, teftify that he pofleffes in- telleftual faculties .to diftipguifh right from wrong, ■ to comprehend the nature of lAoral duty, andiun- derftand the force of moral obligation. He cer- tainly poffeffes fome qualities that are manly and; noble. Many of the caufes, that more frequently are .the infr^duflion to the crime which he has committed, had no operation upon him. He.hfver ; mixed in'thofe fcenes of intemperance and diffipa- tion, which frequently corrupt the moral powers of men, and prepare the way for fins of a crimfon die. In his depravity, the temptations of ambition and. avarice had no influence ; yet in a country, where all men: enjoy thbfe advantages fof moral and religious improvement, of w:hich we have made general mention, .w;e behold hini a favage;, ppfleflV ©i^iof the moft, malignant and revengeful paflions. ^ To what caufefhall we attribute his di%cial,:hit- chjel and malignant difpo fition. ? For an anfwer to. our queftion We are, led to the^ early period, of i his exiftence. . , r To open- the graves of the dead, and to expofe to publick view the faults of thofe. who have paff- ,C ed — , ■«• latJbtts-, isarttcF/na' ihhama».=' Bttt,Liff^ tft&iffi*?' c^the ^*15iiil3^'fflaafe^<^ reaS'l^aires of :\fif^ dtMtt and' vfrtue tty t^e lm%' ; if #'^%^,' in ■ Jfuefe it ' iflattifer, place tKe'tiegle^ a-nd fau-liifs dPffire-i^iafi^ ed' beforeffhte^ ej^s 'of ffie livlrtg, a*'W gaard-ihSMfJ ajgaiWft *hofl miftafees aad '{fouge*^, by* whkb o«hu- eri'feWV prdpriety aiiay iJouiJterfaWee'tlie »6li^'. 'P-^>'' F't&rn the beJJ JrifdrmatioW I caA ' dbfeairt, I aii* ^ cdttftkinad to- fay; ifiSat ite fatfe? oriBfe'tfiSifa^f ' iri*rt waa greatly- dfefecient in flife-gxatHpIc He feP td his chilefr6ft'. ;■ Tbedilpofi^ioil'o? ehfefiisfo, W-li^Qn young- zmdteiide^i WAs^ttdt^foftettidd'by thof& pa-' tdr-tta:4"^aa4inti6iH4, tdjifch hafmo^i^'ttee Toul, anido f of4^ it( ' to virtUiSi Hs' did ttoe Sgeiiyk' tihafe^ inK.- ft*Ttfteofts and admortitiotts-,- w^hith, asi tke^ powers r of reafoti expaadi^ impfefs the n*ii»4 witR a fetifleoTo the SU^p¥-eme B^iag, beget attentkjffif t& the feriottir? tiSllAs-of rsligfoa, and ^^&-a&iLMthi6^a. pswer o\^er- t&epsSiaas md£: i^eifiop d^re^v In4h@ daily M^ tdtfesoa-feS'' of the faniily; M4siw ttctt^that esawi^i: ©f tev^ &sfiii Tfibtidfefedftfite^, "36l"c£enderrie& arid bse-^ maftiCf i Vftii^ etrffer'fc^s gbo^fftftkfaiob, fof ten^ iHb paflia^ df' r&^i»t0i«li« atid t!l^^:^,-^iLUiiMitdibT^ f§*tttei «hg -■ifi^fitfoiii to< Mii\ioiiS^'-fymp3khf.-i-ad: ^eknkl^Xfi fim. -the ftKattiptecfa'-bsfel^ feiwi Wasi inipious, cmel, and barbarous. In.3M£>:(bhGDdlr tfer^ns'was bur-too tfiady t&JearB:"; AdT) theToogh, nStligaaase^ citHt rej'engafiB-s'^affioiis^r atajiiir^ii: i*» ftrengtb. " 1 '"I '!' -I hie fciliiS'iid