^^^ 
 
 GL^ffl£#fc:^^^^:^^ffiSffi^5)_ 
 
 Historical and Chronological 
 
 ATLAS 
 
 OF THE 
 
 
 
 a. 
 
 UNITED STATES. 
 
 
 HISTORY. 
 
 LUCIEN II. SIVTITH 
 
 Entered iiccordiiig to Act ot Coiigross, in the yenr 1881. by Lucien" H. Smith, iu the otlice of tlie Libruiirtii ol ConKress, 
 
 at Washiugton. 
 
 
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 Cornell University 
 Library 
 
 The original of this book is in 
 the Cornell University Library. 
 
 There are no known copyright restrictions in 
 the United States on the use of the text. 
 
 http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924095897348 
 
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 -u — T^o-r" — u- 
 
 mMSxu. G) 
 
 -6r^ 
 
 Historical and Chronological 
 
 ATLAS 
 
 e. 
 
 OF THE 
 
 UNITED STATES. 
 
 rs 
 
 K^ 
 
 
 HISTORY. 
 
 LUCIEN H. SlNdCITH, 
 
 V 
 
 Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1881, by Lucien H. Smith, in the office of the Librarian of Congress, 
 ' at Washington. 
 
 fC,<oa - iy & iWo'^ 
 
 ^ Booksellers "^^ 
 
 WASHINGTON, D. C: 
 
 National Republican Printing and Publishing Company, 
 
 1881. 
 
 "(T""!!^^^ 
 
 '^^^m-Q) 
 
 
" ir Jiistory without cliroiiology tk ilarl; irad oonfiiscd, ckroiiiilojjy witliout lUKtdiy i.s ili'y aii'l iiisipiil."— .1 , TTiilmen. 
 
 The object of the author of this work has been to simplify the study of history. The chronological tables, piiutcd in types of different 
 sizes, and the geosrajjlncal location of events, with the repetition of the dates, are intended to aid the nK^iuory. In short, the menioriter 
 plan is adopted thronghont. 
 
 Where there is a difference as to a matter of fact among authors, the opinion which seems to be the bettor supported by the weight 
 of authority is given. 
 
 The table showing " Existent and Obsolete Divisions" and its relation to tlie maps will be better understood by observance of the fol- 
 lowing explanations: 1. Names of divisions and the parallel lin(!S covering them ext9nd in the same direction, except where otlierwise 
 plainly distinguishable. 2. Where there is a difference in tlu^ spacing, divisions covered by tlie narrow s])aces are annexed to those 
 covered by the wider. 
 
 It has been the aim in the preparation of this Atlas to produce a hand-book that might be used in all sections of the nation alike, with- 
 out endorsement of or prejudice to any creed or party. 
 
 ^TESTIM©NIAIS,si- 
 
 •^i^itr'V 
 
 DUPAKTIIENT OF THE INTKRIOE, CENSUS OFIaCE, 
 
 Wasuinoton, D. C, July 18, 1881. 
 DEAiiSru: I liavc given as muoli attention as was coiiKistciit witt other de- 
 mands upon my time, to youv Historical and (iln-onoIuKiciil Atlas of the United 
 States. 
 
 Your method appears to me higlily ingenious. Yon liave ooneeutratcd a snr- 
 prisiug amonnt of information upon the eight maps wliloh form the Atlas. 
 
 The whole apiiears well calculated to aid teachers and perhaps scholars in t lie 
 review of American history alter a course of te.xtljoolc instruction. 
 Very respectfully, 
 
 LuciEN H. Smoh, Esq., 
 
 1627 .Sixth Street. 
 
 FE.'VJSrClS A. WALKEK. 
 
 June 30, 1881. 
 Mk. Lucien H. Smith, 
 
 Deau Sir: I have examined your Historical and Chronological Atlas of the 
 United States ; audit is evident that you have iirepavcd an exceedingly useful 
 lioolc. 
 
 The maps provided along with the tables, en.alile one, rciulily. through the 
 medium of the eye to locale fiirla of hislory ;\ni\i^K tlieui clearly in the memory. 
 The work is deserving of a wide circulation. 
 Yours very respectfully, 
 
 H. C. SPENCER, 
 Principal Spenccriaii Bitsiness Gollegc. 
 
 E.xeoutive Mansion, Washington, February 22, 1881. 
 Dear Sir ; I have examined with interest your " Historical and Chronological 
 Atlas." It will simplify very materiallj- the study of the history o^^the United 
 States. The memoriter plan, whicli is adopted, is .an important aid to the memory 
 of the student. The arrangomeut throughout is excellent. 
 Very truly, 
 
 W. K. ROGERS. 
 
 Mr. Ldcien H. Smith, 
 
 Washington, D. C. 
 
 National Hotei,, Wasiiincton, D. C, March 12, 1881. 
 Mr. Lucien H. Smith, 
 
 l,'527 Sixth Street, N. W., Washington. D. C. 
 J)BA1! Sir: I have oxarained your Chronological and Historical Atlas and am 
 much pleased with it. It is a very useful desk-book tor every business man 
 Hcholnr, journalist, or statesman. 
 Very respeetfllll\", 
 
 ALEX.\XDER H. STEPHENS. 
 
 Si'ENCERiAN Business College. 
 
 Wasuinoton, D. C, June 30, 1881. 
 Mr. Lucien H. Smith, 
 
 Dear Sir : I commend your Historical and Chronological Atlas as a valuable aid 
 to teachers in giving a clear, r.apid, condensed course of practical instruction in 
 the history of our own country. It should be in every household and in the pos- 
 session of every student. 
 
 Some years ago I adopted your method, requiring students to draw maps illus- 
 trating histoi'ical events and dates, but having no such text book as the one you 
 now furnish, I found it impossible, to take the time to illustrate each lesson upon 
 the blackboard and was compelled to change the method. Your work meets a 
 general need. 
 
 Very respectfully, 
 
 SARA ANDREWS SPENCER, 
 Tice-Prmcipfd Spenceriav Business OoUege. 
 
 Smithsonian Institution, Washington, July 1, 1881. 
 Mr. Smith's plan of a Chronological and Historical Atlas is an excellent one and 
 he appears to have carried his ideas out with great fidelity and fullness. The 
 work will snpplj' a want which has been much felt by our teachers. 
 
 WM. J. RHEE8. 
 
 —^Si,.'^^-^- 
 
PERIOD I. 1491 TO 1606. 116 YEARS. 
 
 Discoveries before I492> 
 
 9th century. Northmen at Iceland. 
 
 98G Eric the Eed, at Greenland. 
 
 Later. Biorn and Lief at Newfoundland. 
 
 1000 Vinland.— Supposed to be southeast coast of Now 
 England. 
 
 NoTB.— Historians differ regarding the authenticity of the ahove events. 
 
 PERIOD 1. 
 
 1491 *Eeport of committee unfavorable to Columbus' scheme. 
 
 1492 *Columbu8 received a patent from Ferdinand and Isabella, 
 
 of Spain.— April 17. 
 
 COLUMBUS discovered America, at San Salvador, one of the 
 Bahamas. — October 13. 
 
 1493 ColumJjus discovered Jamaica and other islands.— Second 
 
 voyage. 
 
 1497 CABOTS discovered the continent at Labrador.— June 34. 
 
 1498 Columbus discovered South America at the mouth of the 
 
 Orinoco.— Third voyage.— August 1. 
 *Vasco da Gama first doubled the Cape of Good Hope.— 
 India. 
 
 1499 Ameuigo Vespucci, after whom America was named, visited 
 
 South America. 
 
 1500 Cortereal, of Portugal, seeking India, explored coast of Lab- 
 
 rador. 
 1503 Columbus explored coast in Gulf of Mexico.— Fourth voyage. 
 1509 * Accession of Henry VIII to the throne of England.— April 31. 
 1511 Havana, Cuba, settled by Velasquez. 
 
 1513 PONCE DE LEON discovered and named Florida.- March 
 37. 
 (Ponce de Leon in search of Fountain of Immortal Youth.) 
 1513 Balhoa discovered the PaciQc Ocean.— Called it the South 
 
 Sea. 
 1517 Cordova discovered Mexico. 
 1519 *Expedition of Cortez against Mexico. 
 
 1530 MAGELLAN, a Portuguese, in the service of Spain, explored 
 
 the Straits of Magellan.— Named the Pacific Ocean. 
 
 Do Ayllon's expedition to Carolina.— Called it Chicora. 
 
 1531 CORTEZ conquered Montezuma in Mexico.— Now Spain. 
 
 1533 *First circumnavigation of the globe, by Magellan's ship. 
 
 1534 VERRAZZANO explored the toast from Carolina to New- 
 
 foundland.— New Prance. 
 
 W 
 
 1538 
 
 1500 
 
 W 
 
 15G3 
 
 1564 
 
 1565 
 
 1568 
 
 1576 
 
 1579 
 
 1535 
 
 Expedition of Narvaez to Florida.— 4 survivors reached 
 Mexico. 
 1531 PizAREO in Peru put to death the Inca.— Lima founded. 
 1534 Cartier, under Eoberval, explored Gulf and River St. Law- 
 rence. 
 1539 DE SOTO'S expedition to Florida.- 10 vessels, 600 men. 
 1541 De Soto discovered the Mississippi River.— Died in 1543. 
 
 Coronado explored the country about the Upper Rio Grande. 
 1543 Cabrillo, a Portuguese, in the service of Spain, explored coast 
 
 of California. 
 1547 *Accession of Edward VI to the throne of England.— Jan- 
 uary 38. 
 1553 *Accession of Mary I to the throne of England.— July 6. 
 1558 *Accession of Elizabeth to the throne of England.— Novem- 
 ber 17. 
 Huguenots.- Coligny sent Ribault to South Carolina.— Port 
 
 Royal entrance. 
 Huguenots.— Laudonniere settled on St. John's River, 
 
 Florida. 
 Menendez destroyed Huguenots on St. John's River, Florida. 
 ST. AUGUSTINE, Fla., founded by Menendez.- Oldest 
 
 European town in the United States.— August 39. 
 ■Spanish prisoners hung by De Gourges on the site of the Me- 
 nendez massacre. 
 Frobisher, seeking route to India, cruised about Newfound- 
 land. 
 Sir Francis Drake explored the Pacific coast.— New Albion. 
 (Sir Francis Drake the first Englishman to circumnavigate 
 the globe.) 
 1583 *Caleudar of Pope Gregory XIII.— October 5 made October 15. 
 Sante Fb, N. M., founded by Espejo.— Second oldest Euro- 
 pean town in the United States. 
 Sir Humphrey Gilbert attempted the settlement of New- 
 foundland. 
 SIR WALTER RALEIGH sent Amidas and Barlow to ex- 
 plore the coast of Carolina. 
 (Virginia named in honor of Elizabeth, the virgin queen.) 
 Raleigh's second expedition. — Grenville attempted to settle 
 
 Roanoke Island. 
 Raleigh's third expedition. — John Wliite attempted to settle 
 
 Roanoke Island. 
 (Virginia Dare, the first white child born in America.) 
 GosNOLD explored the southeast coast of New England. — 
 
 Named Cape Cod. 
 Accession of James I to the tlirone of Great Britain. — 
 
 Marcli 34. 
 Champlain explored the coast of Newfoundland. 
 Port Royal, N. S., (now Annapolis,) settled under DeMonts. 
 — Acadia. 
 
 (Port Royal, the first permanent French settlement in 
 America.) 
 
 JAMES I chartered the London Company. — South Virginia, 
 34° to 38° lat. and fioni ocean to ocean. — Also Plymouth 
 Company. — ^North Virginia, 41° to 45° lat. — April 10. 
 
 (Both companies had jurisdiction from 38° to 41° lat.) 
 
 1583 
 
 1584 
 
 1585 
 
 1587 
 
 1603 
 
 1603 
 
 1605 
 
 1606 
 
 1?^ 
 
 p. 
 <! 
 
 1550 
 
 
 C2 
 
 1575 
 
 1600 
 
 
 *Not on the map. 
 
PERIOD 11. 1607 TO 1673. 66 YEARS. 
 
 1G07 
 
 1G08 
 1G09 
 
 1010 
 
 1613 
 1014 
 
 JAMESTOWN, Va., settled by the London Company.— 
 May 13. 
 
 Settk'inent l)y the Plymouth Company, at the mouth of the 
 Kennebec, unsuccessful. 
 
 Quebec settled by the French, under Champlain. — July 3. 
 
 CriAMi'LAiN discovered Lake Cliamplain. — July. 
 
 HENRY HUDKON, in the service of the Dutch, discovered 
 the Hudson River. — September 0. 
 
 "Starving Time" in Virginia. — Absence of Capt. John 
 Smith. 
 
 Pocahontas married Rolfe at Yorktown, Va. — April. 
 
 1015 
 1010 
 1019 
 
 1020 
 
 1631 
 
 1023 
 
 CAPTAIN 
 New Eug; 
 
 JOHN SMITH explored coast of and named 
 and. 
 
 New Netherlands granted to the Amsterdam Company.- 
 40° to 45° lat. and sea to sea. — October 11. 
 
 New Amsterdam (now 
 Dutch. 
 
 New Y''ork City) settled by the 
 
 Fort Orange (now Albany, N. Y.) settled. 
 
 The culture of tobacco began in Virginia. 
 
 FIRST REPRESENTATIVE ASSEMBLY in America met 
 at Jamestown, Va. — July 30. 
 
 NEGRO SLAVERY introduced at Jamestown by the Dutch.— 
 August. 
 
 Great Patent granted to Plymouth Company. — 40° to 48° 
 lat. and ocean to ocean. — November 3. 
 
 PLYMOUTH, Mass., settled by the Puritans.— December 11. 
 
 (Compact signed on the Mayflower before landing. — Novem- 
 ber 11.) 
 
 Treaty with Massasoit, chief of the Wampanoags. — Fifty 
 years' peace. — March 23. 
 
 Gorges and Mason's grant between the Merrimac and Ken- 
 neoec Rivers. 
 
 Opechancanough's Wak.— First Indian massacre in Vir- 
 ginia. — 347 wliitcs killed. — March 22. 
 
 1023 Portsmouth and Dover, N. H., settled by Gorges and 
 Mason. 
 
 1035 *Acccssion of Charles I to the throne of Great Britain.— 
 March 37. 
 
 1C3S Endicott's Grant from the Plymouth Company, from three 
 miles south of the Chailes River to three miles north of 
 the Merrimac River, and from ocean to ocean. — March 19. 
 
 Salem, Mass., settled by the Massachusetts Bay Company. — 
 Gov. John Endicott.— September 0. 
 
 Order of Patroons founded by the Dutch in New Nether- 
 lands. 
 
 Warwick's Grant, " westward from Narragansett River, 130 
 miles along the coast, west to the Paciflc Ocean." 
 
 1039 
 
 1030 
 
 1031 
 
 1033 
 1033 
 
 1634 
 1030 
 1637 
 
 Boston founded by Winthrop. 
 •Warwick's Grant transferred to Lords Say, Brooke 
 
 and 
 
 otliers.— March 19. 
 'Mason named his grant New Hampshire. 
 * Gorges named his grant Maine. 
 Maryland granted to Lord Baltimore. 
 
 Windsor, Conn., settled by William Holmes, from Ply- 
 mouth, Mass. 
 
 Maryland settled at St. Mary's by Calvert.— March 37. 
 
 Providence, R. I., founded by Roger Williams. 
 
 PEgr ot War in Connecticut.— First Indian war in New Eng- 
 land. 
 
 1035 
 
 1038 Delaware settled near Wilmington by Swedes andFinns.— 
 
 New Sweden. 
 New Haven, Conn., settled by Eaton andDavonport.— April 
 
 18. 
 
 HARVARD COLLEGE founded by bequest of John Har- 
 vard, at Cambridge, Mass.— September 14. 
 
 1039 *First printing press in America, at Cambridge, Mass.— Jan- 
 
 uari^. 
 
 1641 *New Hampshire settlements united to Massachusetts. 
 
 1643 United Colonies of New England formed.— May 19. 
 
 1644 Second Indian Massacre in Virginia.— 300 whites killed.- 
 
 April 18. 
 
 1645 Claiborne's Rebellion in Maryland.— Gov. Calvert fled to 
 
 Virginia. 
 
 1049 *Charles I, King of Great Britain, beheaded.— January 30. 
 
 1650 First Settlement in North Carolina, on the Chowan 
 River, near Edenton. 
 
 1653 *01iver Cromwell appointed Lord Protector of Great 
 Britain. — December 16. 
 
 1655 Religious War in Maryland between Protestants and Cath- 
 
 olics. 
 
 New Sweden conquered by the Dutch. 
 
 1656 Quakers came to Massachusetts.— Cruel treatment by Puri- 
 
 tans. 
 
 1600 *Monarchy restored in Great Britain. — Charles II as King. — 
 May 29. 
 
 ^Navigation acts passed restricting colonial trade. 
 
 1663 Clarendon Grant to Lord Clarendon and others. — March 
 
 24. 
 
 (This grant extended from 30° to 36° lat. and ocean to ocean.) 
 
 Charter of Rhode Island, giving religious liberties, granted. — 
 July 8. 
 
 1664 NEW NETHERLANDS granted to the Duke of York and 
 
 Albany.— March 13. 
 
 New Jersey granted to Berkeley and Carteret. — June 24. 
 Stuyvesant surrendered New Amsterdam, (New York City.) 
 Fort Orange, N. Y., named Albany.— September 34. 
 Elizabeth, N. J., settled by emigrants from Long Island. 
 
 1665 Connecticut and New Haven united under the name of Con- 
 
 necticut. — May. 
 
 Second charter of Carolina.— Boundary extended to 39° lat.— 
 June 30. 
 
 Clarendon Colony, near Wilmington, N. C, permanently 
 settled. 
 
 1070 Detroit, Mich., settled by the French. 
 
 Carteret Colony settled on Ashley River, near Charleston, 
 S. C 
 
 1671 Marquette established the mission of St. Ignatius, at Michili- 
 macinac. 
 
 1073 Virginia granted to Culpeper and Arlington. 
 
 THE EIGHT INDIAN FAMILIES. 
 
 Algonquins, Iroquois, Dakotas or Sioux, Cataw- 
 bas, Cherokees, Uchees, Clioetaws or Mobilians, and 
 Natchez. 
 
 1650 
 
 I ^ 
 
 
 "Not on the map. 
 
NEW YORK 
 
 VIRGINIA 
 
 CAROLINA 
 
 FRENCH rtORlOA 
 
 PARTOFNEWYORK 
 
 i-'%* 
 
 sar- 
 
 NORTH OAROLWW 
 
 NEWJERSEY 
 
 SOUTH CAmUlM 
 
 Hnnsylvania 
 
 13 Georgia 
 
 SWEOESV 
 
 ENfiLISH 
 
 PORTSMOtm 1623 
 
 WINDSOR 
 
 ST. MARYS 
 
 PROVIDENCE 
 
 WILMINGTON 
 
 CHOWAN RIVER 
 
 EUS7>>BETH 1664 
 
 ASHLEY RIVER 1670 
 
 PHU.ADELPHM 1682 
 
 SAVANNAH 1733 
 
 *OnrriapM 
 
 NOTE. HiiU/ruui* aimer regarOipwthe 
 
 ttmsofsettleTTient of these ailoniet- 
 
 ovw./hom mtshJTiffton. oi'll.flomTfaaTamffOTt^ 
 
PERIOD III. 
 
 1673 TO 1773. 
 
 100 YEARS. 
 
 1673 Marquette and Joliet explore the Mississippi River to tlie Arkan- 
 
 sas. 
 
 1674 Mabquettb pounded Missionary Station at Chicago, 111. 
 
 1675 Marquette founded a mission at Kaskaskia, 111. 
 King Philip's War, in New England, began. 
 
 1676 BACON'S REBELLION against Berkeley, in Virginia. — 100 
 
 years before independence. 
 QoiNTiPARTiTE Dbed formed East and West Jersey. — West to 
 
 the Quakers and east to Carteret. — Dividing line from Little 
 
 Egg Harbor to lat. 41° 40' on the northernmost branch of the 
 
 Delaware River. 
 1080 Charleston, S. C, founded by the removal of the Carteret Colony. 
 1681 PENNSTLVANiAgi-antedtoWilliamPenn, by Charles IL— March 4. 
 
 1683 La Salle explored the Mississippi to its mouth. — Named 
 
 Louisiana. 
 
 Delawabb, (the "three lower counties,") granted to William 
 Penn. — August 24. 
 
 PHILADELPHIA founded by William Penn. 
 
 1684 *Massachusetts charter declared null and void by English court — 
 
 June 18. 
 
 1685 *Acoession of James II to the throne of Great Britain. — Feb. 6. 
 
 1686 Arrival of Sir Edmund Andros, Governor of all New England. — 
 
 December 20. 
 
 1687 Charter op Connecticut concealed in the Charter Oak at 
 
 Hartford. — October 31. 
 
 1689 *Accession of William III and Mary II to the throne of Great 
 
 Britain. — February 13. 
 •KING WILLIAM'S WAR between Great Britain and France.— 
 Lasted 8 years. 
 
 1690 Burning of Schenectady, K. Y., by French and Indians. — Feb. 9. 
 Port Royal taken by the British under Phipps. — May. 
 
 1691 ' Massachusetts, Plymouth, Maine, and Nova Scotia united. — Gov. 
 
 Phipps. — October 7. 
 
 1692 Phipps' witchcraft court at Salem, Mass. 
 
 (Twenty persons convicted of witchcraft and put to death.) 
 1604 'Death of Mary II, Queen of Great Britain. — December 38. 
 1697 *Treaty of Ryswick closed King William's War. — No change in 
 
 territory. — October 30. 
 1099 Captain William Kidd, the pirate, at Gardener's Bay, Long 
 
 Island. 
 1702 *Accession of Anne to the throne of Great Britain. — March 8. 
 *QUBEN ANNE'S WAR began.— Great Britain against France 
 
 and Spain. — Lasted 11 years. 
 1704 First permanent newspaper in America, the " Boston News 
 
 Letter."— April 24. 
 
 1710 Port Royal, N. S , captured by the British and named An- 
 
 napolis. — October 3. 
 
 1711 Indian war with the Corees in North Carolina. 
 
 1713 Tuscaroras join the Iroquois in New York, making the Six Na- 
 
 tions. 
 "TREATY OF UTRECHT closed Queen Anne's War.— April 11. 
 (This treaty gave Great Britain the Hudson Bay region, New- 
 foundland, and Acadia.) 
 
 1714 •'Accession of George I to the throne of Great Britain. — Aug. 1. 
 
 1715 Yammassee War in Carolina. 
 
 1718 New Orleans founded by the French under Bienville. 
 
 1737 • Accession of George II to the throne of Great Britain. — June 11. 
 
 1729 Carolina divided. — Clarendon, or middle colony, moved to 
 
 Charleston. 
 (Albemarle Colony became North Carolina.) 
 (Carteret Colony became South Carolina.) 
 17;i3 Washington born in Westmoreland County, Va. — February 33. 
 Georgia greaited to Oglethorpe. — Included part of Carolina. — 
 June 9. 
 17:53 Savannah, Ga., founded by Oglethorpe. — February 13. 
 
 1730 *SPANISH WAR between Great Britain and Spain declared. — 
 
 October 23. 
 (This with King George's war lasted 9 years.) 
 1740 Invasion of Florida by Oglethorpe. 
 1742 Invasion of Georgia by the Spanish. 
 
 1744 »SPANI8H WAR merged into KING GEORGE'S WAR.— 
 France allied with Spain. 
 
 1675 
 
 B o » 
 
 3 
 1 
 
 1700 
 
 
 1726« 
 
 Oh 
 i "> "i 
 
 1758 
 1754 
 
 1755 
 
 1756 
 
 1757 
 1758 
 
 1745 LouiSBURG, the Gibraltar of America, captured by Pepperill. — 
 June 17. 
 
 1748 *Tbbatt op Aix la Chapbllb closed King George's War. — 
 
 October 18. 
 (Both parties to restore their respective conquests.) 
 
 1749 Ohio Company, of London, received a grant of 6,000,000 acres 
 
 on Ohio River. 
 1751 *NEvr Style Gregorian Calendar adopted by Great Britain. — 11 
 days out, September 3 to 14. 
 
 Washington sent to Ft. LeBoeuf by Gov. Dinwiddle of Virginia. 
 
 Washington returned to Williamsburg. — January 6. 
 
 •FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR.— Most important of the 
 colonial wars; 
 
 Washington defeated Jumonville at Mountain Meadows. — 
 May 28. 
 
 Albany Convention adopted plan of union prepared by Frank- 
 lin. — June 19. 
 
 (Plan rejected by the Crown and people.) 
 
 Washington defeated at Ft. Necessity by De Villiers. — July 3. 
 
 Alexandria Convention, Va. — Colonial governors met Brad- 
 dock. — April 14. 
 
 Ft. Beau Sejour, N. S., surrendered to the British. — June 16. 
 
 Ft. Gaspereau surrendered to the British. — June 17. 
 
 BRADDOCK'S DEFEAT on the Monongahela River, Pa.— 
 
 Braddook mortally wounded. — July 9. 
 Battle of Lake George. — Lyman under Johnson defeated Dies- 
 
 kau. — September 8. 
 Johnson established Ft. William Henry. — Received a baronetcy 
 
 and £5,000. 
 
 *War Declared by Great Britain after two vears' fiehtinff. — 
 May 18. J 5 s 
 
 Montcalm captured Oswego, 1,400 men, stores and money.— 
 
 August 14. 
 Ft. William Henry surrendered to Montcalm. — August 9. 
 (Massacre by Indians after Monroe capitulated.) 
 Lord Howe killed in a fight near Ticonderoga. — July 6. 
 Abeicrombie repulsed by Montcalm at Ticonderoga. — July 8. 
 LouiSBURG, N. S., taken by Amherst and Boscawen.— July 26. 
 Ft. Frontenac (now Kingston, Ca. ) surrendered to Bradstreet.— 
 
 Augu.st 27. 
 Grant defeated by Aubrey at Ft. Duquesne.— September 21. 
 Ft. Duquesne, Pa., captured by Forbes.— Named Ft. Pitt.— 
 
 November 25. 
 
 Ft. Niagara surrendered to Johnson. — Death of Prideaux — 
 
 July 25. 
 Battle of Montmorenci, near Quebec. — Montcalm repulsed Wolfe 
 
 —July 31. 
 Crown Point, N. Y., taken by Amherst.— August 4. 
 PLAINS OF ABRAHAM, QUEBEC— Wolfe and Montcalm 
 
 mortally wounded. — September 13. 
 Quebec surrendered to the British. — September 18. 
 Cherokee War in Georgia. 
 Battle of Sillery, Ca.— Dr. Levi attempts to recover Quebec — 
 
 AprU 38. 
 Accession of George III to the throne of Great Britain.— Oct. 25. 
 Louisiana ceded to Spain by France. 
 *Pontiac's conspiracy to unite the Indian nations. 
 
 1763 *TREATY OF PARIS closed the French and Indian War.-Feb- 
 
 ruary 10. 
 
 (Practically all territory east of the Mississippi River ceded bv 
 France to Great Britain.— Two islands near Newfoundland 
 and island and town of New Orleans retained by France ) 
 
 Florida ceded to Great Britain by Spain, treatyof Paris.- Feb 10 
 
 East and West Florida established by George III October'? 
 
 Pontiac's War broke out.— Ottawas. 
 
 Siege of Detroit by the Indians unsuccessful.— Mav 
 
 1764 St. Louis, Mo., settled by the French 
 
 West Florida extended to the mouth of the Yazoo.— June 6. 
 *ENGLISH DEBT greatly increased by French and Indian War 
 
 1765 *Stamp Act passed by Parliament.— March 23 
 
 1766 *8tamp Act repealed.— March 19. 
 
 Jwn *^u^ 'S'P?™!/' ^^^ °° Slass, paper, etc., passed.- June 29. 
 1770 The Boston Massacre.— March 5. 
 
 "All duties except on tea repealed by Parliament.— April 12. 
 
 1759 
 
 1760 
 
 1762 
 
 *Not on the map. 
 
PERIOD IV. 1773 to 1780. 16 YEARS. 
 
 I:^IDE:E=*E3:TOB2STCE- 
 
 1773 " Boston Tea Party."— Three oareoea of tea destroyed.— December 16. 
 
 1774 'Boston Port Bill enacted.— March 25. 
 
 Grben Mountain Boys' Kebellion, led by Ethan Allen. 
 ♦First Oontinental Congress met at Philadelphia.— September 5. 
 *0eolarati"n of Rights pa-sed by Congress.— October 14. 
 
 1775 BATTLE OF LEXINGTOK. Mass.— First blood of the Revolutionary 
 
 Wai.— AijrllW. 
 
 Allen and Arnold capture Tlconderoga, N. T.— May 10. 
 ♦Continental Congress met at Philadelphia. — May 10. 
 Americans capture Crown Point, N. Y.— May 12. 
 
 A declaration of Independence at Charlotte, Mechlenberg County, N. C— 
 May 20. 
 
 *Howe, Clinton and Burgoyne arrived at Boston.— May 25. 
 ♦Washington elected Commander- In-Ohlef.— June 15. 
 
 BATTLE OF BUNKEE HILL.— De^th of Gen. Joseph Warren.— June i7. 
 
 Montreal surrendered to Montgomery. — November 12. 
 
 Battle of Quebec— Death of .Montgomery.— December 31. 
 1778 Norfolk destroyed by Lord Dunmore.— January 1. 
 ■"^Hoat'jn evacuated by British troops. — March 18. 
 ♦Resolution for independence offered by Richard Henry Lee. — June 7. 
 
 Clinton attaclced Ool. Moultrie at Sullivan's Island, S. C— June 2-1. 
 
 DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE at Philadelphia.— July 4.— 
 (Thouias Jefferson supposed to be the author.) 
 
 Battle of Long Island, N. Y. — Putnam against Howe. — August 27. 
 ♦New York City abandoned Dy the Americans.- September 16. 
 
 Battle of White Plains, N. Y.— Howe defeated Washington.- October 
 
 Fort Washington captured by Gen. Howe. — November 16. 
 
 Port Lee captured by Corn wallls.— November 20. 
 ♦Washington's Retreat through New Jersey. — December. 
 ♦Gen. Lee captured In New York by British scouts.- December 13. 
 
 BATTLE OF TRENTON, N. J.— Washington captured 1,000 Hessians.— 
 December '2Q. 
 
 1777 Battle of Princeton, N. J.— Cornwallls lost 1,000 men.— January 3. 
 Tryon's first expedition against Connecticut. — Danbury burned. — April. 
 Battle of Rldgefleld, Conn —Arnold's bravery.— Wooster's death.— April 
 
 27. 
 
 Meigs' expedition against the British at Sag Harbor, Long Island.- May 23 
 ♦Nationa fl.ig, with 13 stars and stripes, adopted by Congress. — June 4. 
 
 Lafatktte, DeKalb and party arrive at Georgetown, S. C— June 15. 
 
 Tlconderoga abandoned by the Americans. — July e. 
 
 Battle oi Hubbardtoti, Vt.— Amerlcanb defeated. — July 7. 
 
 Fort Schuyler be&leged by St. Leger. — August. 
 
 Battle of Oriskant, N. Y.— Death of Gen. Herkimer. — August 6. 
 
 Battle ok Bennington, Vt.— Americans successful.- August 16. 
 
 Battle of Brandywine or Chad's Ford, Pa.— Washington and Howe.— Sep- 
 * tcmber 11. 
 
 First Battle of Stillwater, or Bemis' Heights.— September 19. 
 
 Buttle of Paoll, Pa.— .Midnight defeat ol Wayne.— September 21. 
 
 Philadelphia entered by the British under Howe. — September 26. 
 
 Battle of Gbkmantown, Pa.— Washington lost 1,000 men.— October 4. 
 
 Fts. Clinton and Montgomery, posts In the Highlands, N. Y., captured.- 
 October 6. 
 
 Second Battle of Stillwater, or Saratoga.— American victory.- Oc- 
 tober 7. 
 
 SURRENDER OF BURGOYNE to Gates, near Saratoga, N. Y.— Oc 
 tr)ber 17. 
 
 (This surrender the pivotal event of the war.) 
 
 Hes->ians repulsed at Ft. Mercer, N. J.— October 22. 
 'Articles of Confederation adop' ed by Congress.— November 15. 
 
 Ft. Mifflin abandoned by Americans.— >ovembeT 16. 
 
 VALLEY FORGE, Pa.— American army encamped.— December 19. 
 
 1778 ♦Independence of the United States acknowledged by France.- Jan- 
 
 uary 16. 
 ♦Treaty of Alliance with France signed at Paris.— February 6. 
 
 Onio settled at Marietta by a colony under Rufus Putnam.— April 7. 
 ♦British Peace Commission arrived at Philadelphia.- May 31. 
 ♦Pi iladelphla evacuated by Clinton, successor of Howe. — June 18. 
 
 Battle of .Monmouth Court-house, N. J.— Clinton retreated to New York.— 
 June 28. 
 
 Wyoming Massacre, Pa., by Tories and Indians.— July 3. 
 ♦Articles of Confederation adopted by Congress.- July 9. 
 
 Battle of Rhode Island, near Quaker Hill —August 29. 
 
 Cherry Valley Massacre, N. Y., by Butler and Brandt.— November 11. 
 
 Battle of Savannah.— City cipturedby the Brltlsb.— December 29. 
 
 1779 Suobnry eapttired by the British, last American post in Georgia.- Janu- 
 
 ary 8. 
 Bartic ofK.< ttle Greek, Ga— Defeat and death of Col. Boyd (British.)- 
 
 February 14 
 Battle of Brier Greek, Ga.— Prevost defeated Ashe'.— March 3. 
 Stony Point and Verplanck's Point, N. Y., captured by the British.— 
 
 •Tune 1. 
 
 1775 
 
 n 
 o 
 
 3 
 
 ♦Spain declared war against Great Britain.— June 18. 
 
 Stono Ferry, S. C, Americans repulsed.- June 20. 
 
 Tryon's expedition against ConDeoticut.— New Haven plundered —July. 
 
 STONY POINT, N. Y., captured by Wayne.— July 16. 
 
 Battle of Penob: cot, Me.--Amerlcans defeated by British fleet.— July 26. 
 
 British t urprlsed at Paulas Hook, (now Jersey City,) N. J., by Lee.— 
 August 19. • 
 
 Sullivan's Expedition against the Indians In New York.— August. 
 
 Battle of Chemung Creek, near Elmlra, N. Y.— August 29. 
 
 Savannah besieged by French and Indians.— September-October. 
 ♦John Paul Jones captured two frigates off the northeastern coast of 
 England. — September 23. 
 
 D'ESTANG AND LINCOLN repulsed at Savannah, Ga.— October 9. 
 
 1780 Clinton and Arbuthnot besieged Charleston, S C— March 19. 
 
 Battle of Monk's Corner, S. C— Tarleton defeated Americans.— April 14. 
 Surrender of Charleston, S. O., to the British by Lincoln.— May 12. 
 Tarleton massacred 400 Americans at the Waxhaws, S. C— May 29. 
 Battle of Springfield, N. J.— Knyphausen and Greene.— June 23. 
 
 ADMIRAL DK TERNAY AND ROOHAMBEAU arrived at Newport, 
 
 R. I., with 6,000 men.— July 10. 
 Battle of Rocky Mount, S. C— American repulse. — July 30. 
 Battle of Hanging Rock, S. C— Sumter defeated by the British.— August 6. 
 Battle of Oamdbn, or Sanders Creek.— Gates lost 1,000 men. — August 16. 
 Battle of Fishing Creek, S. C— Sumter defeated by Tarleton.- August 18. 
 ARNOLD attempted to betray West Point, N. Y., to Sir Henry Ollnton.— 
 
 September 22. 
 ♦Andre executed as a spy at Tappan, N. Y.— October 2. 
 Battle of King's Mountain, N.O.— Ferguson defeated and killed.- October 7. 
 Battle of Fishdam Ford, S. C— Sumter defeated Wemys. —November 12. 
 Battle of Bla ckstocks, S. O.— Sumter defeated Tarleton.— November 20. 
 
 1781 Revolt of American troops at Morristown, N. J.— January 1. 
 Battle of the Cowpens.— Tarleton defeated by Morgan.— January 17. 
 Arnold's depredations at Richmond and other points In Virginia.- Jan- 
 uary. 
 
 Retreat of Morgan and Greene through North Carolina to Virginia, 
 pursued by Oornwallis.— February 3-14. 
 
 ♦Ratification of the Articles of Confederation by the States announced. — 
 March 1. 
 
 *NEW YORK CESSIONto the General Government of territory between 
 
 Lake Erie and the Cumberland Mountains.— March 1. 
 (New York the first to cede territory to the United States. She claimed 
 a vast domain covering the Northwest. Not shown on the map.) 
 
 Battle of Guilford Court-house, N. C— Greene repulsed by Oornwallis.— 
 March 15. 
 
 Battle of Hobkirk's Hill, or Second Oamden, 8. C— Greene defeated by 
 Rawdoo. — April 25. 
 
 Battle of Ft. Ninety-six.— Greene repulsed.— June 18. 
 
 ♦Isaac Hayne executed as a traitor by the British at Charleston, S. C— 
 August 4. 
 
 ♦Arnold's expedition to Connecticut.— Attempt to divert the attention of 
 Washington. 
 
 Battle of Ft. Griswold.— New London, Conn., burned by Arnold —Sep- 
 tember 6. 
 
 Battle of Eutaw Springs, S. 0.— Greene closed the campaign in the Caro- 
 
 llnas.— September 8. 
 Siege of Yorktown by Washington and Count de Grasse.— October. 
 
 SURRENDER OF OORNWALLIS at Yorktown, Va., with 7 000 men — 
 October 19. ' 
 
 1782 ♦Preliminary Articles of Peace signed at Paris.— November 30. 
 
 1783 Florida re-ceded to Spain by Great Britain.- January 20. 
 
 ♦Cessation of hostilities proclaimed In the American army —April 11 
 
 DEFINITIVE TREATY OF PEACE signed at Paris, (original terri- 
 tory.)— September 3. ' " 
 
 Washington resigned his commission at Annapolis, Md.— December 23. 
 FiTOH unsuccessfully applied steam to navigation on the Hudson. (Fitch 
 predicted the present use of steam.) iJ^ii-i-u 
 
 1784 Virginia Cession of territory to the General Government.- March 1. 
 V irglnla Reserve, between the Little Miami and Scioto Rivers. 
 
 1786 Massachusetts Cession of territory to the General Government ^hn 
 tween parallels 42° 2' and 43° 30'.)-Aprll 19. >^oTernment, (De- 
 
 1786 CoNKECTiouT_CE8sioN^to the General Government, (between parallels 41° 
 '^esn ° "^ ^<'™«<'ti<''" Reserve, from Pennsylvania to a line 120 miles 
 ^ dtman^ed"''^'°'* '° Massachusetts.- War-debt troubles.-Paper money 
 
 1787 Territory Northwest of the River Ohio formed by Congress.- July 23 
 (The first territorial division formed by the United States. ) 
 
 South Carolina Oession.-a strip "12 or 14 miles wide" west to the mib 
 slsslppi River.— August 19. woono meMis- 
 
 ♦Cohstitution agreed upon by convention at Phlladelphla.-Septemt.er 17 
 
 1788 ♦Constitution ratified by the reciuislte number of States 
 
 *Not on the map. 
 
f.t'KfhanvGreeim-uA. 63° 
 
 m'W.ffrrm mrsMnfffern, oz!g. fhani Wfrs7ani/(an, 
 
PERIOD V. 1789 to 1845. 56 YEARS. 
 
 C02STSTIT"CrTI03ST. 
 
 1789 FIRST CONGRESS under the Constitution met at New York.-Marcli 4. 
 •Washington inaugurated President.— April 30. 
 
 1790 North Car(»lixa Ckssion of territory to the General Government.— February 25. 
 Territory South of the River Ohio formed.— May 2G, 
 
 District of Columbia located and bounded.— July H>. 
 
 Harmer defeated by Llttl e Turtle at Maumee Ford, now Ft.'Wiiyne, Ind.— October 2-1 
 ♦First Tex Amendments to the Constitution proclaimed in force.— December 15. 
 
 1791 Vermont admitted into the "Union.— Generally laid down eus part of New York.— 
 
 March 4. 
 United Slates Bank established at Philadelphia.— February ij. 
 St, Clair defeated by the Indians in Ohio.— November 4. 
 
 1792 Kentucky admitted into the Union.— June I. 
 
 1793 *Washlngton began second presidential term.- March 4. 
 17U4 Wayne's campaign against the Indians in Ohio. 
 
 Whiskey insurrection in Pennsylvania.— Opposition to duties on liquors. 
 
 ♦Jay's Treaty with Great Britain at London.— November 19. 
 179.5 *Wayne's Treaty with the Indians at Greenville, Ohio,— August 3. 
 
 ♦Treaty of Peace with Algiers.— November 28. 
 179G Tennessee admitted into the Union.— June 1. 
 
 1797 *JoiiN Adams inaugurated President.— March 4. 
 
 1798 *Eleventh Amendment to the Constitution declared in force.— January^S. 
 
 Mississippi Territory formed.—April 7. 
 
 ♦Washington accepted an appointment as general-in-chief.— July 13. 
 I7i)9 WASHINGTON died at Mt. Vernon, Va., aged 67 years.— December 14. 
 
 1800 Indiana Territory formed.— July 4. 
 
 Louisiana ceded to France by Spain by secret treaty.— October 1. 
 SEAT OF GOVERNMIlNT removed to Washington, D. C— Congress met Novem- 
 ber 17. 
 
 1801 *Tjiumas Jkfferson inaugurated President.— March 4. 
 *Tripoli declared war against the United States.- June 10. 
 
 Military Academy established at West Point. N. Y.— March 10. 
 
 1802 Gkokuia Cession of territory to tlie General Government.- April 21. 
 Ohio admitted into the Union.— November 22. 
 
 1803 LOUISIANA ceded to the United States (see also Map VI) by Franco for 80,000,000 
 
 franca.- April 30. 
 (By this cession the United States claimed to the present western boundary of 
 Florida.) 
 
 1804 *Tlie Philadelphia destroyed by Decatur at Tripoli.- February IG. 
 
 Duel between Hamilton and Burr at Hoboken, N. J.— July 11. 
 ♦TWELFTH AMKNDMENT to the Constitution declared in force.— September 2o. 
 Orleans Territory formed. (See also Map VI.)— October 1. 
 
 District of Louisiana formed. (Same as Louisiana cession less Orleans Territory. 
 See Map VI.)— October 1. „ . . ^ ^. ^r-r ^ ^r y. n 
 
 1805 Louisiana Territory formed. (Same as District of Louisiana. See MapVI.)— March 3. 
 ♦Jefferson began second presidential term.— March I. 
 
 ♦Treaty of peace concluded with Tripoli.— June 4. 
 Michigan Territory formed.— June 30, 
 180G *Bc)XArARTE"s Berlin Decree.— November 21. 
 
 1807 *Bkitisi [ "Orders in Council" requiring goods to land in Groat Britain.- Januarj 7. 
 
 Aaron Burr tried for treason at Richmond, Va.— Acquitted September 1. 
 FULTON successfully applied steam to navigation on the Hudson.— September 14. 
 The Chesapeake attacked by the Leopard off the coast of Virginia. -June 22. 
 ♦British "Orders in Council" prohibited trade with France and allies.— Novem- 
 ber 17. 
 ♦BoNAi'AttTE's Milan Decree prohibited trade with English colonies.- Decem- 
 ber 17. 
 
 1808 *BoNA I'arte'sBayonne Decree ordered seizure ofUnited Slates vessels.— April 17. 
 ISO'J »Non-Intercourse Act prohibiting trade with Great Britain and France passed.— 
 
 February 27. 
 Illinol.s Territory formed.— March 1. 
 *Jamks Madison inaugurated President.— March 4. 
 1810 iBoNAi-AUTK's Rambuulliet Decree.~132 American ves.sels seized and sold.- 
 
 (jTuige, pi'ince of Wales, appointed regent of Great Britain.— February 3. 
 BATTLE between the President and Little Belt otr Virginia.- :May 10. 
 Battle OF Tippecanoe, Ind.— Harrison defeated the Indians.— November 7. 
 Louisiana admittt'd into the Union. (See also Map VI.)— April 30. 
 *WAR WITH GREAT BRITAIN proclaimed by the United States.— June 19. 
 Hull's Expedition against Ft. Maiden, Ca.— July, 
 Ft. Atackinaw captured by British and Indians. —July 17. 
 First llaitk^ of Brownatown, Mich.- British di'lViilGd Van Horn.— August 5. 
 SecniKl Baitli- of Brownstown, or MaUiiU-rua.— Americans victorious.— August 9. 
 ♦British sl..o|i Alert taken by the Essex oll'Newfoundland.— August 13. 
 IIULF/S SURRENDER of the fort and city of Detroit.— August IG. 
 Tin; Gi'EKRiEKK, ii British Jrigate, captured by the Constitution off Ma-ssachu- 
 
 Sftts.— August 19. 
 BATTLE OF QUIOENSTON, Ca.— Van Rensselaer wounded.— Brock killed.— Oc- 
 tober 13. 
 Battle op Lewist. .x, N. V.— Cowardly conduct of American militia.— Octobt-r 13. 
 
 orlohfT IS, 
 Oi'lobi 
 
 I 5 
 
 1811 ■ 
 
 1812 
 
 British ship Poicticrs captured the Frolic and Wasp olT North Carollna.- 
 i.^hii' ;MaCL'doiiiacapturedby ^llt■Unjt(■dStalHsolr(_'allaryIslands.- 
 
 *Briti8b.'^hli. ;MafL'doiiiacapturedby .... . . 
 
 Missouri r.rritury formed. (Same as Louisiana 'Jtiritory. See Map \ t.)— De- 
 
 cembt-'r 7 
 ♦British lrii;atc Java captured by the Cuiisiitution off Bahla, Brazil. -December 2(1. 
 1813 Battleok Frenciitmwn, Jlicb.— Winclii'sler (U^'catcil by Proctor.— Jumiaiy 22. 
 Briti.sb bri;; Peacock captured by the Hornet off Demarara, South Aincrica.— Feb- 
 
 niarv 21. 
 *Madison bi';;ati second presidential term.— March 4, 
 
 Battj.pof Youk. Ca., (now Toronto. )— Explosion of Britisli magazine— .\pril 27. 
 l-T. M i:i<;s beshged by 2, imiO British and Indians under Proctor.— May 1. 
 (lien. Clay wiMi 1.200 Kentuckians dispersed itPsiegerM.- May ■'>.) 
 Prevost makes an unsuccessful attack on Sackett's ilarlinr.— May 29. 
 THE CIIESA PKAKE, Captain Lawrence, captured by the Shannon in ilassachu- 
 
 selis Bay.— June 1. 
 Dekkn-se of Ft. Stephenson, Oliio, (now Lower Sandusky,) by Maj. Crogan.— 
 
 ♦American brig Ar^ais captured by the Pelican in the English Channel.- August 14. 
 'liiK tlRKKK War.— Massacre of Ft. Mimms, Ala.~August ;;0. 
 British brig Boxer captured by the Enterprise off Malne.-Scptember -J. 
 
 PERRY'S VICTORY at the west end of Lake Erie.-September 10. 
 (Perry, 9 vessels, 54 guns. Barclay, 6 vessels, G3 guns.) 
 
 BATTLE OF THE THAMES, OR MORAVIAN TOWNS, Ca.-October 5. 
 (Tecumseb killed and the Indian confederacy broken.) 
 Battle of Talladega, Ala.— Jackson defeated the Creeks —November 9. 
 Battle of Chrysler's Field, Ca. —British repulsed.— November 11. 
 *Porter made a successful cruise on the Pacific with the Essex. 
 
 1814 Battle of Tohofeka, or Horse Shoe Bend, Ala.— Last of the Creek War.— 
 
 March 27. • 
 *American frigate Essex captured by the Phoebe and Cherub off Chili.— March 28. 
 
 Wilkinson repulsed at La Colle Mill, Ca.. on the Richlien River.- March 30. 
 
 British brig Epervier captured bv the Peacock off Florida.— April 29. 
 *Brilish sloop Remdeer captured by the Wasp near the British Channel.— Juno 28. 
 
 Generals Scott and Ripley captured Ft. Erie, Ca.— July 3. 
 
 Battle op Chippewa, Ca.— Scott defeated Riall.— July 5. 
 
 BATTLE OF LUNDY'S LANE, Ca.— The most obstinate of the war.— July 25. ■ 
 
 (Drumraond, British, and Brown, Scott and Jesup, American, wounded.) 
 
 First Battle of Ft. Erie.— Drummond with 5,000 men repulsed.- August 15. 
 
 Ross dispersed Americans at Bladensburg, Md.— August 24. 
 
 Washington, D. C, captured by Ross,— Public buildings burned.— August 24. 
 
 BATTLE OF LAKE CHAMPLAIN.— Downie, British, surrendered his fleet to 
 McUonough.— September U. 
 
 BATTLE OF PLATTSBURG, N. Y.— Prevost, British, defeated by McComb.— 
 September 11. 
 
 Ross defeated Americans at North Point, Md.— Death of Ross.— September 12. 
 
 Brooks bombarded Ft, McHenry, Md., without success.— September 13. 
 
 British bombarded Ft. Eoyer, Mobile Bay, without success.— September 15. 
 
 SiccoND Battle op Ft. Erie.— Brown dispersed besiegers.— September 17. 
 
 Jackson drove the British from Penaacola, Fla.— November 7. 
 
 American Flotilla surrendered to the British at Lake Borgne, La.— December 14. 
 
 Convention at flartford, Conn., opposed to the war.— December 15. 
 *Battle nine miles h:om New Orleans, La.— Jackson retired to intronchments.— De- 
 cember 23. 
 
 ■I'TREATY OF GHENT, Belgium, (peace,) signed.— December 24. 
 
 1815 BATTLE OF NEW ORLEANS.— 14 days after treaty of peace.— -Tanuary 8. 
 (Packenham lost 2,000 men and was killed.— The Americans lost 7 men.) 
 British squadron captured the frigate President off New Jersey.- January 15. 
 
 =-'British Cyane and Levant captured the Constitution off Madeira Islands.— Febru- 
 ary 20. 
 *War against Algiers declared bj' Congress.- March 3. 
 ^British brig Penguin captured bv the Hornet off Brazil.— March 23. 
 181G *Bank of the United States re-chartered for 20 years.— Capital §35,0C0, COO.— April 10. 
 Indiana admitted into the Union.— December 11. 
 
 1817 Alabama Territory formed. (Same as present State of Alabama.)— March 3. 
 * James Monroe inaugurated President.— "Era of good feeling."— March 4. 
 
 Seminoles and Creeks began depredations in Georgia and Alabama. 
 Mississippi admitted into the Union.— December 10. 
 
 1818 Jackson seized Spanish forts in Florida. 
 
 Joint occupation of Oregon by Great Britain and the United States agreed upon.— 
 
 420 to 540 40' latitude. (See Map VI.) 
 Pensacola, Fla., seized by Jackson.— Spanish ofllcials sent to Cuba.— May 25. 
 Illinois admitted into the Union.— December 3. 
 
 1819 Florida ceded to the United States by Spain.— February 22. 
 1820 
 
 ls24 
 JS25 
 1820 
 1829 
 
 1H30 
 
 I8:il 
 
 1832 
 
 1833 
 I8;M 
 
 1838 
 1841 
 
 lH.14 
 1845 
 
 Arkansaw Territory formed. (See- Map VI.)— July 4. 
 
 Alabama admitted mto the Union.— December 14. 
 ♦Accession of George IV to the throne of Great Britain.— January 29. 
 ♦MISSOURI COMPROMISE passed.— Slavery prohibited north of parallel frofii 
 south boundary of Missouri to Pacific Ocean, but established in MissourL— March 3. 
 
 Maine admitted into the Union.— March 15. 
 
 Mexico became independent of Spain. (See Map VI.)— February 21. 
 ♦Monroe began second presidential term.— March 5. 
 
 Missouri admitted into the Union. (See Map VI.)— August 10. 
 
 Florida Territory formed.— March 3. 
 
 ♦"Monroe Uoctrine" enunciated In the annual message.- December 2, 
 ♦Lafayette visited the United States.- August 15. 
 
 *Joi-rN Qutxcy Adamb inaugurated President.— "Era of prosperity."— March 4. 
 *Death of two ex-Presidents.- Adams and Jefferson.— July 4. 
 ■^■Andrew Jacksox inaugurated President.— March 4. 
 
 PA RTISAN APPOINTMENTS in the civil service began. 
 ♦Accession of William IV to the throne of Great Britain.— June 2fi. 
 
 PETER COOPER'S ENGINE.— B. & O. R. R. the first to transport passengers - 
 
 August 28. 
 *Death of ex -President Monroe.— July 4. 
 
 Black Hawk War in Wisconsin and Illinois. 
 
 "Nullification" in South Carolina.- Convention met at Columbia.— October 25. 
 ♦.Tackson began second presidential term.- March 4 
 
 Indian country formed. (See Note Period VI.)— June 30. 
 ♦SEMINOLE WAR began in Florida. 
 
 den. Thompson and others killed at Ft. Kiuf;, Fla.— December 28 
 
 j\Iajur Dade and 100 men massacred in Florida.— December 28 
 
 Texas became independent of Mexico. (See Map VI.)— Aprii 22 
 
 Arkansas admitted into the Union. (See Map VI.)— June 15. 
 
 Wisconsin Territory formed. (See Map VI.)— July 3, 
 
 Creek Wak began in Georgia. 
 
 Michigan admitted into the Union.- Doubled the original 13,— January 26. 
 *Martin Van Buren inaugurated President.- March 4. 
 ♦Accession of Victoria to the throne of Great Britain.— June 20. 
 
 Battle of Okeechobee, Fla.— Taylor defeated the Indians.— December 2j 
 
 Canadian rebellion.— Attempt to gain independence. 
 
 Iowa Territory formed. (See Map VI.)— July 3. 
 ^nViLLiASf Hi:nry Harri.son inaugurated President.— March 4. 
 ♦Death of I'iiksidknt Harrison.— April 4. 
 ♦John Tylior inaugurated President.— April (}. 
 ♦Close of the Seminole War.— Peace proclaimed.— August 14. 
 
 Dorr's Rebellion in Rhode Island.- Attempt to obtain a constitution 
 
 .AiORSES TELEGRAPH established between Baltimore and Washington. 
 
 Florida admitted into the Union.— March 3. 
 
 Iowa admitted into the Union, (see Map VI.)— March 3. 
 
 S3 
 
 ffi 
 
 ^>. 
 
 1 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 s? 
 
 ?" 
 
 *iN'ot on the map. 
 
PERIOD VI. 1845 to 1860. 15 YEARS. 
 
 3DISSE3^SI03ST- 
 
 1840 *James K. Polk iuaugurated President. — March 4. 
 
 *Naval Academy opened at Annapolis, Md. — October 10. 
 Texas admitted into the Union. — December 29. 
 
 184G MEXICAN WAR.— Thornton's party captured east of the 
 Rio Grande. — April 26. 
 
 Fort Brown bombarded from Matamoras. — May 3-9. 
 
 Taylor marched from Point Isabel to relieve Ft. Brown. — May 7. 
 
 Battle op Palo Alto. — Taylor defeated 6,000 Mexicans under 
 Arista. — May 8. 
 
 Battle of Resaca de la Palma. — Taylor captured La Vega. — 
 May 9. 
 
 *Congress declared war to exist by act of Mexico. — May 13. 
 
 Matamoras captured by Taylor. — May 18. 
 
 Oregon boundary established by treaty with Great Britain. — 
 June 15. 
 
 FuEMOKT defeated Callfornians at 8onoma, Cal.— June25. 
 
 KBARHy 's Mabch from Ft. Leavenworth, Ean., began. — June 30. 
 
 California declared independent by American settlers at So- 
 noma. — July 4. 
 
 Monterey, Cal., captured by Com. Sloat.— July 7. 
 
 California declared a part of the United States at Monterey. — 
 July 7. 
 
 Yerba Buena, Cal., (now San Francisco,) captured by Com. 
 Mointgomery. — July 9. 
 
 Com. Stockton arrived at Monterey, Cal. — July 23. 
 
 *WiLMOT Proviso offered, prohibiting slavery in acquired ter- 
 ritory. — August 8. 
 
 Santa Fe, N. M., occupied by Kearny. — August 18. 
 
 Monterey, Mex., under Amp'udia, captured by Taylor. — Sep- 
 tember 24. 
 
 Doniphan's March from Santa Fe to Saltillo. 
 
 , Tampico, Mex., possessed by Com. Connor. — November 14. 
 
 Battle of Bracito, N. M. — Doniphan victorious. — December 25. 
 
 El Paso, Mex., occupied by Donijihan. — December 27. 
 
 Iowa re-admitted into the Union with present boundaries. — De- 
 cember 28. 
 
 1847 Battle of San Gabriel River, Cal. — Kearny defeated Callfor- 
 nians. — January 8. 
 
 Yerba Buena named San Francisco. — January. 
 
 BATTLE OF BUENA VISTA.— Taylor's last battle.— Santa 
 Anna defeated. — February 23. 
 
 Battle of Sacramento, Mex. — Doniphan victorious. — Febru- 
 ary 28. 
 
 VERA CRUZ and Ft. San Juan d'UUoa surrendered to 
 Scott.— March 27. 
 
 Battle of Cerro Gordo Pass. — Scott defeated Santa Anna. — 
 AprU 18. 
 
 Puebi.a taken without a bat tie. — Scott remained three months. — 
 
 May 15. 
 Mormons under Brigham Young arrived at Salt Lake Valley. — 
 
 July 24. 
 
 Battle of Contrbbas. — Mexicans defeated in twenty min- 
 utes. — August 20. 
 
 Battle of Cherubusco. — Mexicans retreited. — August 20. 
 
 Worth captured Molino del Rey, outer defense of Chapultepec. — 
 September 8. 
 
 Fortress of Chapultepec captured. — September 13. 
 
 CITY OF MEXICO entered by Americans under Scott.— 
 
 September 14. 
 Lane defeated Santa Anna at Huamantla. — October 9. 
 
 1848 GOLD discovered on a branch of the Sacramento, Cal. — 
 
 January 19. 
 
 TREATY OF PEACE signed at Guadaloupe Hidalgo.— Feb- 
 ruary 2. 
 ("First Mexican Cession" ceded to the United States.) 
 Wisconsin admitted into the Union. — May 29. 
 Oregon Territory formed.— August 14. 
 *Ex-Pre8ident Van Buren first candidate of the Free Soil Party. 
 
 1849 Minnesota Territory formed. — March 3. 
 *ZAonAR-s Taylor inaugurated President. — March 5. 
 
 1850 *Dbath of President Taylor. — July 9. 
 *Millard Fillmore inaugurated President. — July 10. 
 ^COMPROMISE OF 1850, or "Omnibus Bill" passed.— Sep- 
 tember 9. 
 
 (Repealed Missouri Compromise of 1820.) 
 California admitted into the Union. — September 9. 
 Utah Territory formed. — September 9. 
 *Fugitive slave law passed. — September 12. 
 
 •Sep- 
 
 sis 
 
 60 
 
 NOTE.— In 1834 Missouri Territory beeame the Indian Country. 
 That part of the Territory east of the Missouri and White Earth 
 Rivers, except a parcel in the Northwestern part of the present State 
 of Missouri, as shown on the map, was annexed to Michigan Territory. 
 These changes could not be shown by the parallel lines without con- 
 fusion. (See Map VI and Table following Map VIII.) 
 
 I 
 
 *Slave trade prohibited in the District of Columbia.- 
 tember 17. 
 
 Texas Cession of territory to Uie General Government. — No- 
 vember 25. 
 
 Present Unorganized Territory a part of the Texas Cession. — 
 November 25. 
 
 New Mexico Territory formed.— December 13. 
 
 1853 Washington Territory formed. — March 2. 
 
 *Franklin Pierce inaugurated President. — March 4. 
 
 *Death of Vice-President William R. King at Cahawba, Ala. — 
 April 18. 
 
 Gadsden Purchase from Mexico.— December 30. 
 
 1854 KANSAS-NEBRASKA BILL, repealing Compromise of 1850, 
 
 passed. — March 3. 
 
 Kansas Territory formed. — May 30. 
 Nebraska Territory formed. — May 30. 
 *Ostend Manifesto issued by American ministers.— October 21. 
 
 1855 *Kansas troubles.— Emigration from slave and free States. 
 
 1857 *Jame8 Buchanan inaugurated President.— March 4. 
 
 *DRED SCOTT DECISION.-Opiniondelivered by Chief Justice 
 Taney. — March 6. 
 
 Trouble with the Mormons in Utah.— Military sent by the 
 United States. 
 
 1858 Minnesota admitted into the Union. — May 11. 
 *FiRST Message by the Atlantic cable.— August 16. 
 
 1859 Oregon admitted into the Union. — February 14. 
 
 John Brown seized United States arsenal at Earner's Peirv 
 (See Map VII. )-October 10. ^ ^• 
 
 I 
 
 •Not on the map. 
 
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 M' 
 
 lis' 
 
 Tap* 
 
 
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 105° 
 
 
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 ^uiMiNisTaATiairs utrRniG this pekiob 
 
 NO. 
 
 11 
 
 JAMES K. POLK 
 
 IS 
 
 13 
 
 14 
 
 gSiogij 
 
 Z^CHARYTAyuOR 
 
 1VR.4M0. 
 
 MILL>*RD FILLMORE 
 
 FRANKUN PIERCE 
 
 SERVEO 
 
 PERIOD or 
 
 ITERM 
 
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 1849-1850 
 
 2yRS.8Moi 
 
 ITERM 
 
 15 JAMES BUCHANAN ITERM IS57-I86I JOHNC.BRECKENRI06E 
 
 GEO. M. DALLAS 
 
 MILLARD FILLMORE 
 
 1853-1857 
 
 I850-I8S3 William r.king 
 
 WIU.IAM R. 
 
 Jcasc P. bhTs 
 
 CP.BJlTeHT 
 
 *PremiIent JTTO tern, o^ the senate - »-aii/<« ^''f 
 tecorne cuain/jf preaiciertt in, case of me efeatn ortne 
 preaident. 
 
 
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PERIOD VIL 1860 to 1865. 5 YEARS. 
 
 1880 South Carolina acceded.— (Tor seceding States see table on map.)— De- 
 cember 20. 
 1861 Star of the West flred upon ntf Charleston Harbor.— January 9. 
 Kansas admitted Into the Union.— January 29. 
 CONFEDEHATE GOVERNMENT organized at Montgomery, Ala.— 
 
 Tebruiiry 8. 
 *jBppitB8o.N' Davis, president ; Alexander H. Stephens, vice-president — 
 
 February 9. 
 Colorado Territory formed.— (See IHap VIII.)— February 28. 
 Dalfota Territory formed.— (See Jlap VIII.)— IVIarch 2. 
 Nevada Territoiy formed.— (See iviap VIII.)— March 2. 
 'Abraham Lincoln inaugurated President.— March 4. 
 Ft. Sdmtkr. s. C , bomharded bv Beauregard.— April 12. 
 United States arsenal at Harper's Ferry destroyed by Federals.— April 18. 
 (Josport navy-yard destroyed by Federals, (Norfolk, Va.)— .April 20. 
 Battle of Phlllppi, W. Va.—Conlederale defeat —June 3. 
 Battle op Bio Bethel, Va.— Pierce defeated.— June 10. 
 Battle ofEomney, Va.— Federal victory. -June 11. 
 Battle of BoonvlUe, Mo.— Lyon victorious.- June 17. 
 Battle of Carthage, Mo.— (Jov. Jackson and Sigei.— Indecisive.— July 5. 
 Battle of Kich Mountain, W". Va.— Itoseorans vlotorioas.— July 11. 
 Battle near Centreville, Va.— July Is. 
 
 CONPEDEEATE CAPITAL Changed to Richmond, Va.— July 2). 
 BATTLE OF BULL RUN, Va— McDowell defeated.— July 21. 
 Battle of Dug Spring, Mo.— Lyon victorious.- August 2. 
 Battle of Wilson's Creelr, Mo.— Lyon liilled.- August 10. 
 BATTLE OP Hattbras Inlet, N. C— Federal victory.- August 28-29. 
 Columbus, Ky., seized and fortified by Confederates.— September 4. 
 Grant occupied Paducah. Ky— September 6. 
 
 BattleopLexiwgton. Mo.— Price defeated Blulllgan.— September 17-20. 
 B.vTTLB OP Ball's Bluff or Edward's Ferry.— Haker killed,- October 21. 
 *Hcott retired and McOlellan appointed general-in-cbiet.— November 1. 
 Battle of Port Royal Entrance, S. C— Federals victorious —November 7. 
 Battle of Belmont. Mo.— Grant and Polk.— Indecisive.— November 7. 
 *.MaaoN AND Slidell taken from the Trent.— November 8. 
 582 Battle of Mill Springs, Ky— Thomas vicKjrious.— January 19-20. 
 Ft. Henry, Tenn., captured by Foote.— February 6. 
 Battle of Roanoke Island, N. C— Burnside victorious.- February 8. 
 Ft. Donelson, Tenn.. surrendered to Grn.nt. — February 16. 
 Battle 01 I'ea Ridge, Ark.— Curtis victorious.- Man h 6-8. 
 The ViBGiKi.v (Mevrlmac) destroyed the Oumberla.id and Congress at 
 
 Hampton Roads, Va.— March S. 
 BATTLE between the VIRGINIA and MONITOR at Hampton Roads, 
 
 Va.— March 9. 
 Battle of New .Madrid, Mo.— Pope victorious.- March 14. 
 Battle of New Bern, N. C— Burnsfde victorious.— March 14. 
 Battle near Winchester, Va.— Shields victorious — Mnrch 23. 
 BATTLE OF PITTSBURG LANDING or SHILOH, Tenn— Grant de- 
 feated Beauregard.— A. S. Johnston killed —20,000 men lost.— April 6-7. 
 ISLA.ND No. 10. with 6,000 men, captured by Foote and Pope.— April 7. 
 Battle of Ft. Pulaski, Ga.— Gilmore victorious.- April 10-12. 
 Fauragut's Fleet passed Fts. Jackson and St. Philip, La.— April 24. 
 NEW ORLEANS, La., captured by Farragut's fleet.— April 26. 
 New Orleans, La., occupied by Federals under Butler.- May 1. 
 Battle of VMlllamsburg, Va.— McClellan victorious. — May 5. 
 Norfolk, Va., captured by Wool.— May 10. 
 
 Hanover Court-house, Va., captured by Fitz-John Porter.- May 27. 
 Beauregard evacuated forlnth. Miss.- '■ ay 27. 
 Battles op Seven Pines and Fair Oaks, Va.— McClellan victorious.- 
 
 May 31 and Junel. 
 *r.,EE appointed to chief command of the Confederate army. — June 3. 
 (.unboat fight near Ft. Pillow, Tenn.— June 4. 
 Davis, successor of Foote, captured Memphis, Tenn.— June 6. 
 SK YEN DAYS' BATTLES in Virginia.- McClellan and Lee.— June 26 to 
 
 July 1. 
 (.MechanlcsviUe, Juno 29; Gaines' Mill, 27; the Chiokahomlny, 28; Savage's 
 
 Station, 29; White Oak Swamp, 20-30; Glendale,30; Malvern Hill. July].) 
 Battle of Cedar Mountain, Va.— Jackson victorious.- Winder killed. — 
 
 A ugust n. 
 *Sioux war in Minnesota began. — August. 
 POPE'S BATTLES, between Manassas and Washington, D. C— August 
 
 -6 to September 1. 
 (The more important were: Groveton, August 29; second Bull Run, 30 ; 
 
 Chantilly, September 1. —Victorious eampaien for Lee.— Kearny and 
 
 Stevens killed.) 
 Battle of Richmond, Ky. — Kiiby Smith victorious. — August 30. 
 
 INVASION OF MARYLAND by Lee.— Crossed the Potomac near Point 
 of Rocks.- September 4-7. 
 
 Battle op South Mountain, Md. — McOlellan victorious.— September 14. 
 
 Harper's Febrt, with 12,uoiimen, surrendered to Jackson by Miles. —Sep- 
 tember 15. 
 
 BATTLE OF ANTiETAM, Md.— McClellan and Leo.-September 17. 
 
 Muiifordsvllle, Ky., captured by Conlederates —September 17. 
 
 Battle of luka, Miss.— Kosecrans victorious.— September 19-20. 
 
 Battle op Corinth, Mlos.- Rosecrans viciorlom —October 3-1. 
 
 Ilattle of I'erry ville, Ky.— Unsuccessful atiaek by Bragg.— October 8. 
 
 Battle of I'rairie Grove, Ark.— Blunt vietorious.— December 7. 
 
 llATTLK OF FRttDFRicKsBURG, Va.— Leo victorious — Federals lost 12,000 
 men.— December 13. 
 
 i-tattle of KInston, N. C— Foster victorious.— December 14. 
 
 Battle op Stone River or Murfbeesbobo', Tenn. — December 81 to Jan- 
 uary 3. 
 
 ' ^me of the fiercest of the war.— Rosecrans victorious ) 
 1863 *Ema>'cipation Proclamation issu»-d by Lincoln — Januai-y 1. 
 
 Battle of Ft. Hlndman or Arkansas Post — McClernand victorious.- Jan- 
 uary 11. 
 
 Second Expedition to the Y' azoo. — Grant arrived at Youna's Point, La.— 
 February 2. 
 
 Arizona Territory formed.— (See Map VIII.)— February 24. 
 ■►National Bank Act approved.— February 26. 
 
 Idaho Territory formed.— (.See Map VIII.)— MarchS. 
 •Third Expedition to the Yazoo, under Porter.— March 16. 
 
 Ft. Sumter, S. 0., bombarded by the Federals.— Dupont unsuccessful — 
 
 April 7. 
 Grlerson's cavalry raid through Mississippi.— Left La Grange, Tenn., 
 
 April 17. 
 Battle of Port Gibson, Miss.— McClernand victorious.— Ma y 1. 
 Battle of Chanoelloestille, Va.— Lee victorious.- Federals lost 18,000 
 
 men.— May 2-3. 
 Battle op Fbederioksbubg, Va.— Early victorious.- May 3-4. 
 Battle of Raymond, Miss.— McPherson victorious.— May 12, 
 Battle of Big Black River, Miss.— McClernand victorious.— May 17. 
 Battle of Vicksburg, Miss.— Federals repulsed.— May 22. 
 Battle of Port Hudson, La.— Federals repulsed.— viay 27. 
 Battle of Brandy Station, Va., by cavalry.— Gregg victorious.— June 9. 
 •MARYLAND and PENNSYLVANIA invaded by Lee.-June. 
 West Virginia admitted into the Union.— June 19. 
 Morgan's raid— Crossed the Cumberland River near Burksvillo, Ky.— 
 
 June 27. 
 BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG, Pa.— Meade and Lee.— 60,000 men lost.— 
 
 July 1-3. 
 Battle of Helena, Ark.— Attack by Holmes repulsed.- July4. 
 Surrender op Vicksburg to Grant by Pemberton.— July 4. 
 Port Hudson. La., surrendered to Banks.— July 8. 
 *Riots in New York City.— Opposition to the draft.— July 13-16. 
 Jackson, .Miss., destroyed by Sherman.— July 16. 
 Ft. Wagner, S. C, captured by Federals.— September 0. 
 Chattanooga, Tenn., occupied by Crittenden —September 8. 
 Little Rook, Ark., occupied by Steele —September 10. 
 Battle of Chiokamauga, Ga.— Bragg victorious.— Rosecrans lost 16,000 
 
 men.— September 19-20. 
 Battles op Ohattahomga and Lookout Mountain.— Federals defeat 
 
 Bragg.— November 23-26. 
 Battle of Knoxvilie, Tenn.— Longstreet raised the siege. — December 4. 
 I Sherman's raid from Vicksburg.— Reached Meridian, vliss.- February 14. 
 Battle of OluBtee or Ocean Pond, Fla.— Finnegan defeated Seymour.— 
 
 February 20. 
 Banks' Red liivER Expedition moved up the river.— March 12. 
 Battle of Mansfield or Sabine Cross-roads.— Banks defeated.— April 8. 
 Battle of Pleasant Hill, La.— Banks victorious.— April 9. 
 Battleof Ft. Pillow, Tenn.— Captured by Forrest.- April 13. 
 Plymouth. N. C, surrendered to Confederates under Hoke.— April 20. 
 Bermuda Hundred seized and intrenched by Butler.— May D. 
 
 BATTLES OF THE WILDERNESS.— Between Grant and Lee.— 30,000 
 men lost.— May 5-7. 
 
 SHERMAN'S GEORGIA CAMPAIGN, with 110,000 men, began from 
 
 Chattanooga, Tenn.- May 7. 
 Battle of Spottsylvania Court-house, Va. — 20,000 men lost. — May 10. 
 Hattle of Kesaoa, Ga.— Sherman defeated Johnston.— May 13-15. 
 Battle of Newmarket, Va.— Sigei defeated.— May 15. 
 Battles op North Anna, Va.— Federals victorious.— May 23-27. 
 Montana Territory formed.- (See Map Vlll.) — May 26. 
 Battle of Dallas, Ga. — Sherman victorious. — .\jay 25-28. 
 Battle of Tolopotomoy Creek, Va.— May SO. 
 
 Battle op Cold Harbor, Va.— Grant repulsed by Lee.— June 1-3. 
 BATTLE OF PETERSBURG, Va.— Grant repulsed.— 10,000 men lost.— 
 
 June 16-18. 
 Siege of Petersburg, Va., by Grant began.— June 18. 
 
 *Thb Alabama sunk by the Kearsarge off Cherbourg, France.- June 19. 
 Battle of Kenesaw Mountain, Ga.— Sherman repulsed.— June 27. 
 Invasion of Maryland by Early.— Washington, D. C, threatened.— July 
 
 9-14, 
 Battle of Mohocaoy, Md.— Early defeated by Wallace.- July 9. 
 Battles at Atlanta, Ga.— Sherman victorious.- MoPherson and Walker 
 
 killed.- July 22-28. 
 Chambersburg, Pa., attacked and burned by McCausland.— July 30. 
 Battle op Petebsbubs.- Explosion of mine.— Federal repulse.- July 30 
 Battle op Mobile Bay, Ala.— Farragut victorious.- August 5. 
 Weldon Railroad, running south from Richmond, seized by Federals — 
 
 August 18. 
 Battle of Ream's Station, Va.— Weldon Railroad.- Hancock repulsed.— 
 
 August 26. 
 Battleof Jonesboro', Ga.— Sherman viotorious.—Auguat 31 and September 
 
 Atlanta, Ga.. occupied by Sherman.— September 2. 
 Battle of Winchester, Va.— Sheridan victorious.- September 19 
 Battle of Fisher's Hill, Va.— Sheridan victorious,— September 22 
 Nevada admitted into the Union.- (See Map VIIL)— October 31.' 
 Battle OP Fbanklin, Tenn.— Scholleld victorious.- November 30 
 Ft. McAllister, Ga., captured by Hazen.— December 13 
 Bat' le of Nashville, Tenn.— Thomas victorious.- December 16-18 
 Savannah, Ga., occupied by Sherman's army.— December 22 
 I Ft. Fisheb, N. C, captured by Porter and Terry.— January 16 
 Shkrman's Mabch northward from Savannah, Ga— February 1 
 Columbia, S. C, surrendered to Federals.— Sherman's march.— February 
 
 Charleston, SO , occupied by Federals.-Sherman's march.- February 18 
 Wilmington, N. C, captured by Schofleld.— February 22 
 *Lincoln began second presidential term.— March 4 
 Battle of Averysboro', N, C— Slocum victorious.- March 16 
 Battle of Bentonsville, N. C— Slocum victorious -March 19 
 Armies of Sherman, Terry and Schofleld united at Goldsboro' N. C— 
 
 K„7t'i="??>?'^- .Steadmak, at Petersburg, Va.-Indeoisive.-Maroh 25. 
 Battle of Dmwiddie Courthouse, Va.-Sheridan victorious -March 31 
 Battle op Five Forks, V a.— Sheridan victorious -April i 
 Battle of Petersburg, Va.-Grant carried outer lines.- April 1-2 
 Battle of Selma, Ala.— Wilson captured the city.— April 2 ^ ' 
 
 Petersburg and Richmond occupied by Grant — A^ril 3 
 
 ^Aprll^"^^^"^^™ "^^ GRANT at Appomattox Court-house, Va.- 
 Mobile, Ala., occupied by Canby, — April 12. 
 
 PRESIDENT LINCOLN assassinated at Washington, D O -Anril 14 
 ♦Andrew Johnson Inaugurated Prosident.—Aprll 16. ■a.ymi.t. 
 
 *Not on the map. 
 
PERIOD YIII. 1865 to 1881. 
 
 16 YEARS. 
 
 1865 *Thirteentii Amendment to the Constitution declared in 
 
 force. — December 18. 
 
 1866 *Fenian raids into Canada. 
 
 Tennessee reconstructed by act of July 24. 
 (-'iviL Wak proclaimed at an end.— August 20. 
 
 1867 Nebraska admitted into the Union.— March 1. 
 •Reconstruction Act passed ove^President's veto. — March 
 
 2. 
 
 •Tenure of Office Act passed over President's veto.— 
 Mardi 2. 
 
 Downfall of Maximilian in Mexico. (Shot at Queretero.) — 
 
 June 19. 
 Alaska purchased of Kussia. — June 20. 
 Dominion of Canada established. — July 1. 
 
 1868 'Secretary Stanton declared removed from office by Presi- 
 
 dent Jolinson. — February 21. 
 
 •Johnson's imiicaihnient Irial be<;nn. — March 30. 
 
 •Johnson acquitted by a vote of 3.T to 19, not two-thirds.— 
 
 May 26. 
 Arkansas reconstructed. — June 22. 
 
 Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana and North Carolina 
 
 reconstructed. — June 25. 
 Wyoming Territoiy formed. — July 25. 
 
 •Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution declared in 
 force. — July 38. 
 
 •General amnesty proclaimed by President Johnson. — De- 
 cember 25. 
 
 1809 •Uly.sses S. Grant inaugurated President. — March 4. 
 
 PACIFIC^ KAILROAD (Union and Central) completed.— 
 
 May 10. 
 (Length, 1,910 miles; cost, $252,000,000.) 
 W( )MAX SUFFRAGE in Wyoming.— December 6. 
 
 1870 Virginia reconstructed. — January 27. 
 Mis.si>sippi reconstructed. — February 3. 
 
 •Fenian raids into Canada resumed. 
 Texas reconstructed. — March 30. 
 
 •Fifteenth Amendment to the Constitution declared in 
 
 force.— Marcli 30. 
 •War between France and Germany began July 19; ended 
 
 May 10, 1871. 
 (Sales of arms difliculties in the United States resulted from 
 
 this war.) 
 
 1871 National Park establislicdin Yellowstone Valley.— February 
 
 28. 
 
 •LEGAL-TKXDER LAWS dcclaicd constitutional by the 
 Supreme C'onrt. — May 1. 
 
 'Destruclive forcsthres in Michigan, Wiscojisin, etc. 
 Fii-c at Chicago, 111.— Estimated loss, $300,000,000.— October 
 
 10-13. 
 'TREATY OF WASHINGTON, providing for arbitration 
 
 oil the Alabama claims, etc., agreed upon by Joint High 
 
 Coniuiission. — December 15. 
 'CIVIL SERVICE REFORM.— Commission established by 
 
 act ol Marcli ;', promnlgated report December 19. 
 
 1873 *National Bureau of Education established. — February 8. 
 
 •GENEVA AWARD.— $15,500,000 awarded to the United 
 States by the arbitrators on the Alabama claims, etc. — 
 September 14. 
 
 SAN JUAN boundary dispute decided in favor of the United 
 States. — San Juan Island to the United States. — October 
 31. 
 Fire at Boston, Mass.— Estimated loss, $100,000,000.— No- 
 vember 9-10. 
 Modoc war m California began. — November 39. 
 1873 *Credit Mobilier.— Committee appointed December 3, 1872, 
 to investigate frauds in the construction of the Pacific 
 Railroad reported. — February 24. 
 *" Salary Grab" act passed.— March 3. 
 •Grant began second presidential term.— March 4. 
 'Act providing for specie payments on January 1, 1879, ap- 
 proved. — January 14. 
 
 •Death op Vice-President Wilson, at Washington, D. C— 
 November 22. 
 
 Thomas W. Pekky Presidentjjro tempore of the Senate. 
 Centennial Exiiibitjon opened at Philadelphia May 10; 
 closed November 1(\. 
 
 Colorado admitted into the Union, — August 1. 
 
 •Presidential election. — November 7. 
 
 (Contest between the Republican and Democratic parties as 
 to its validity.) 
 
 'ELECTORAL COMMISSION provided for by act of Janu- 
 ary 39. 
 
 •Hayes and Wheeler declared elected by Congress.— March 
 
 1875 
 
 1876 
 
 1877 
 
 •Rutherford B. Hates inaugurated President.— March 5. 
 •President Hayes' civil service order issued.— June 33. 
 •War between Russia and Turkey began.— Ended 1878. 
 Railroad riots at Pittsburg, Albany, Chicago, St. Louis, etc.— 
 July 32-24. 
 
 1878 Yellow fever in Louisiana, Mississippi, Tennessee, Ken- 
 
 tucky, etc. 
 
 •Silver dollar made legal tender over President's veto.— 
 February 28. 
 
 1879 *RESUMPTION OF SPECIE PAYMENTS.-Act of Jan- 
 
 uary 14, 1875.--January 1. 
 
 1880 *Increasino Tmmioiiation.— 456,000 iiumigrants arrived dur- 
 
 ing year ending December 31. 
 
 •Population of the United States over 50,000,000.— Tenth 
 Census. 
 
 1881 ' James A. Garfield inaugurated President.— March 4. 
 
 PiiESiDKNT Garfield shot at Washington, D. C— July 2. 
 
 •Michigan forest fires.— September 3-7. 
 
 •Death op President Garfield at Long Branch, N. J.— 
 September 19. 
 
 •Chester A. Arthur inaugurated President, at New York 
 City.— September 19. 
 
 •560,000 immigrants arrived in the United States during the 
 nine months ending September 30. 
 
 •Not on the map. 
 
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