DM v.7 CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME OF THE SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND GIVEN IN 1891 BY HENRY WILLIAMS SAGE The NATURAL HISTORY 01? BRITISH INSECTS; EXPLAINING THEM IN THEIR SEVERAL STATES, WITH THEPERIODS OF THEIR TRANSFORMATIONS. THEIR FOOD, (ECONOMY, &c. TOGETHER WITH THE HISTORY OF SUCH MINUTE INSECTS AS RECFUIRE INVESTIGATION BY TrfE MICROSCOPE. THE WHOLE ILLUSTRATED BY COLOURED-FIGURES, DESIGNED AND EXECUTED FROM LIVING SPECIMENS; By E. DONOVAN, F.L.S. and W.S. IN TEN VOLUMES- A NEW EDITION, VOL. I. LONDON.- PRINTED BY LAW AND GILBERT, ST. JOHN'S SQUARE, CtERKENWE7.Li, For the Author, And for F. C. and J. Rivington, N°6"2, St. Paul's Church Yai MDCCCXIII, i A, 45 (a T II E NATURAL HISTORY ITISH INSECTS Eriated - tm mi Gi -'■ : ' - ? ^n's Square, Clerkenwi SLIGHT SKETCH OF THE ANIMAL SYSTEM. LlNNiEUS divided the Animal Syflem into fix claffes. Clafs I. Mammalia. Suckle their young. II . Aves. (Birds) covered with feathers. III. Amphibia. Lungs arbitrary. IV. Pisces. (Fifties) breath by gills not arbitrarily. V. Insecta. (Infe&s) two antennae. VI. Vermes. No head. Infers therefore compofe the fifth Clafs in the Syflem, and are divided into feven Orders. Order I. Coleoptera. Wings two, covered by two fhells, di- vided by a longitudinal future. II. Hemiptera. Shells or covers of the wings fomewhat foft, and incumbent on each other. HI. Lepidoptera. Wings four, imbricated with minute fcaleS ' B , IV. Neu. [ 4 ] IV. Neuroptera. Wings four, naked, tranfparentreticu. lated, with veins or nerves. Tail without fling. V. Hymenopteka. Wings four. Membraneous. Taj of the female armed with a fling. VI. Diptera. Wings two. VII. Aptera. No wings. Transformations of Insects. Many of our readers are no doubt acquainted with the lingular transformations Infefts undergo, but we truft thofe will pardon a digreffion which may be ufeful to thofe who have not that knowledge; and without premifmg farther we proceed to inform them, that Infefts in general undergo a material change in their form at flated periods of their lives ; there are fome, though few, which burfl forth from the egg perfectly formed, as Spiders, &c. but the greater part exift in four feveral Hates: the firft that of the egg, whence the Larva, or Caterpillar is produced ; it is at firft very minute, but in this ftate it feeds, fome kinds on one or two plants only, others promifcuoufly on many, they therefore continue to increafe in fize, moulting feveral times the outer fkin, until the deftined period of their dormant ftate approaches ; they then fpin a web more or lefs flrong according to the fpecies, and are converted into the aurelia, or chryfalis ; and laftly they burft forth in due feafon perfeclly formed. It is under this form they propagate a future race, and themfelves perifh, as they rarely furvive the inclemencies of the winter. The antient naturalifts held fuppofitions very imperfeft and erro- neous relative to thofe transformations, but Malpigl-i and Swammer- dam proved by many accurate examinations clearly, that thofe changes were not fuddenly effeaed, but gradual ; and that under the form of the Caterpillar they could diftinguifh the future changes the Infeft would undergo. PLATE [ *9 ] PLATE XIL CICINDELA CAMPESTRIS. Sparkler. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae fetaceous. Palpi fix, filiform ; jaws prominent, with many teeth. Eyes prominent. Thorax roundifh, and margined. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Green : five white fpots on the wing-cafes. CiClNDELA CAMPESTRIS : viiidis, elytris pun£Hs quinque albis. Linn. En. SueC.l^Q. — Gmel. Sy/l. Nat. 1920. Sp, 1. Thofe beautiful Infecls vary fomething in fize and colour, the fpots on the elytra are generally white, but are often found with fpots of yellow ; they fly or run quick, are carnivorous, and live in dry fandy places. In the fpring its larva is found, which refembles a long, foft, whitifhworm, with fix legs and a brown fcaly head; it perforates the fand perpendicularly, and refts near the furface to enfnare fmaller infedts. It is very difficult, if at all poffible, to breed thofe infecls and ob- ferve their metamorphofes ; we have tried various methods, but have not yet been fo fortunate as to fucceed. PLATE [ h 3 PLATE CCCLL FIG. I. CICINDELA SYLVATICA, GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennas fetaceous. Maxilla? or jaws advanced confiderably be-- fore the head. Eyes prominent. Thorax roundifh and margined. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Black, a white waved band, and two dots of the fame colour on the Wing-cafes. \ Cicindela Sylvatica : nigra, elytris fafcia undata pun£tifque duobus albis. Linn. Gmel. T. I. p. 4. p. 1922, fp.S. Cicindela atra, coleopteris maculis fex albida fafciaque albis. Faun. Suec. 1. n. 549. Cicindela fupra nigra, fubtus viridis nitida, &c. Degeer. Inf. 4, p. 114. /. 4./. 7. A. very fcarce Englifh Infeft, F I G. 7o PLATE CCCLL F I G. II. CICINDELA A QJJ A T I C A. SPECIFIC CHARACTER, Shining, bronzed, head ftriated. Ocindela Aquatica : aznca nitida, capite flriato. Linn. aGmeL T. i. p. 4. p. 1925. /p. 14, — Fn. Sv. 752. ClCINDELA Pusilla. Schreb. Inf, 6. Bupreftis fufco-aeneus. Geoff. Inf. p. 1. p. 157. n. 31, «B»nEW5B»!3HW3!W!5Bi Extremely common in fome moid: fituations. PLATE ■/ f 29 ] PLATE CCCL CICINDELA RIPARIA, GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae fetaceous. Jaws advanced and armed with teeth. Eyes prominent. Thorax roundifh and margined. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND STNONTMS. Greenifh, bronzed, with many excavated round fpots on the wing- cafes. Cicindela RipaRIA : viridi-asnea, elytris punclis latis excavatis. Fn. Suec. 741. Gmel. Linn. Syft*. T. 1. p. 4. p. 1925. fp. 10. Cicindela viridi-amea maculis rotundis excavatis grifeo-viridibus. Degeer. Inf. 4. p. 117. n. 4. /. 4./. 9. We found this beautiful fpecies in fome plenty in a little marfhy fpot behind the town of Newton, on the fea more of Glamorgan- shire. Gmelin fays it is found in wet places, and obferves that its colour often varies. It is a minute infect, and is reprefented magnified in the annexed plate. D PLATE I [ 8p I PLATE DIV. FIG. I. CARABUS INQUISITOR. GOLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER, Antennas filiform; feelers generally fix, the laft joint obtufe and truncated : thorax flat, and margined : wing-cafes marginate. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Wing-cafes filiated, braffy-green, with three rows of dots. C^RAiiUS inquisitor : elytris ftriatis vii idi-aeneis : pun6tis triplici ordine. Linn. Syjl. Nat. 669. l \ . — Fri. Suec. 789.— Gmel. Syjh. Nat. 1965. 11. Fabr. Syji. Ent. 239- 18.— Spec. Inf. 1. 303. 23. Mant. 1. 197- 31. Pay hull. Monogr. 3£>. — Fn. Suec. I. 127. 40. Panzer. Ent. Germ. 54. 50. Marjh. Ent. Brit. T. I. p. 448. Le Buprefte quarre couleur de bronze, antique. Geoff. 1. 145. 6. Bupreftis Sycophanta minor. Panz. Voet. 2. 86. 39. t. 38. f. 39. A rare fpecies in Britain : it has been taken in Norfolk. vol. xiv„ N FIG. 9a PLATE DIV. FIG. II. CARABUS ROSTRATUS. SNOUTED CARABUS. SPECIFIC CHARACTER INI) SYNONYMS. Apterous : wing-cafes fmooth and black : thorax narrow : bead very {lender. Carabus rostratus : apterus, elytris laeviufculis nigris thorace anguftiori, capite anguiiiffimo. Fabr. Syjt. Ent. 240. 21. — Spec. Inf. 1. 304. 26. — Mant. 1. 198. 36.— Ent. Syjt. I. a. 131.31. Paykull. Monog. 26. 14. Marjh. Ent. Brit. T. 1. p. 470. Tenebrio rostratus. Linn. Si/ft. Nat. 677- 20. — Fn. Suec. 823. Cyciirys rostratus. Pai/k. Fn. Suec. Taken by G. Milne, Efq. F. L. S. The fpecies has been found in Scotland and Devcnlhire, and though generally efteemed rare, was lately met with in considerable plenty on mountains in Ireland by Mr. W. Leach, F. L. S. LINNjEAK [ 13 ] PLATE CCXXII. FIG. I. CARABUS VIOLACEUS. COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennze fetaceous. Thorax fomewhat heart fhaped, margined. Elytra margined alfo. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Apterous, black. Margin of the Thorax and Wing cafes, glofly violet. Edges fmooth. Carabus Violaceus apterus niger thorace elytrorumque margi- nibus violaceis, elytris laevibus. — Fab. Ent. Syji. 1. 19. 125. Carabus Violaceus. Paykull Monogr. 12. 4. Frifch Inf. 13. tab. 23. The larva of fome Carabi live in the ground, others in decayed wood. They prey on the fmaller kinds of Infe&s. Fabricius de- fcribes one hundred and ninety-five fpecies ; a confiderable number of thefe are natives of Europe. Carabus Violaceus is found in fields, D FIG. H PLATE CCXXII. F I G. II. CARABUS GEMMATUS. coleoptera. Carabus. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Apterous, black. Wing cafes marked with ftrice; and three rows of bronzed indented double fpots. Carabus gemmatus apterus niger elytris ifriatis : pun£Hs aeneis bilobis excavatis triplice ferie. — Fab. Ent. Syjl. 1. 19. 127. Carabus ftriatus. — Degeer Inf. 4. 90. 5. tab. S.fg. I. Carabus gemmatus. — Paykull Monogr. 15. 6. This fpecies has commonly been miftaken for Carabus hortenfis : the difference, however, between the two Infeas, is confiderable. The colour of this Beetle is black, gloffed with a rich bronze, par- taking of a green and golden hue on the wing cafes, and a fine purple on the thorax : the underfide is plain black. F I G. PLATE CCXXIL 15 FIG. III. C ARAB US GRANULATUS, coleoptera. Carabus. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SY NO NY MS. Apterous, black, bronzed. Wing cafes ftriated ; three rows of elevated, or convexed-oblong fpots, with an intermediate elevated line on each. Carabus granulatus apterus nigricans elytris ssneis ftriatis in- terieftis punftis elevatis longitudinalibus. — Lin. Syji. Nat.— Fab. Ent. SyJ}. 1. ISO. 28. Carabus granulatus. — Paykull Monogr. 19. 9. Degeer Inf. 4. 88. 2. Sub. Hi). Inf. tab. 7. fig. 2. Scbaff. Icon. tab. IS. fig. 6. & tab. IB. 6. fig. 1. Some authors fay, this fpecies is very common in the fields near London. It is often found in Batterfea meadows ; and we have not found it elfewhere* PLATE J 16 :«%- [ 45 ] PLATE DXXVL CARABUS INTRICATUS. INTRICATE-DOTTED CARABUS, / COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae filiform : feelers generally fix, the lad joint obtufe and truncated ; thorax flat and margined : wing-cafes margined. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Apterous, violet-black : wing-cafes with raifed intricate ftriae and dots. Carabus intricatus. Apterus violaceo-niger, elytris intricatis elevato-flriatis pun&ulatifque. Linn. Fti. Suec. 780. &c. Carabus gyaneus. Apterus niger violaceo nitens, elytris punclis intricatis rugofis Paj/kull. Monogr. 10. 2.— Fabr. Ent. Syjl. T. I. p. 126. v. 9-— Bupreftis nigroviolaceus. Geoff r. Inf. I. 144. 4. It 4(5 PLATE DXXVI. It appears Fabricius was aware the carabus he defcribed under the fpecific name of cyaneus, muft be in all refpe&s the fame as the Linnsean Carabus intricatus, fince he inferts the reference to that fpecies m Fauna Suecica, among his fynonyms : Paykull called it cyaneus, and this name Fabricius was induced to retain, though certainly lefs appli- cable than that it had previoufly obtained from Linnaeus. — Fabricius defcribes it as a native of woods in Europe. Panzer includes it among the infects of Germany : in England it is very rare, and indeed appears not to have been difcovered in the latter country till very lately. The figure reprefents this curious infect in its natural fize. PLATE ' ^ £ 3 3 PLATE DVI. CARABUS GLABRATUS, SMOOTH CARABUS. COLEOPTEEA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae filiform : feelers generally fix, the laft joint obtufe and truncated ; thorax flat and margined : wing-cafes margined. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Apterous, black : wing-cafes very fmootb, and uniformly black. Carabus glabratus. Apterus, ater elytris laviflimis unicoloribus, Fair. Ent. Si/ji. T. 2. 125. 4.— Carabus gla- bratus Panz. A rare fpecies defcribed by Fabricius as a native of Germany. It was firit difcovered in this country by Mr. \V. G. Hooker of Norwich, who found it in great plenty on a mountain in Yorkfliire ; and fince that period it has been met with in the rocks near Killaruey in Ireland, b2 PLATE 313 [ 53 J PLATE CCCXIII. CARABUS NITENS, Shining Carabus. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennas fetaceous. Thorax heart-fhaped truncated at the apex* Elytra margined. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. AND STNO NTMS. No wings. Elytra rugged, with feveral longitudinal ridges, green margin reddifh gold. Legs black. Carabus nitens: apterus elytris porcatus fcabris viridibus : margine aureo, pedibus nigris. Linn. Syji. Nat. 2. 669. 6. — Fn. Sv. 185. Carabus nitens. Eab. Ent. Syji. T. I. p. l^-fp- 3° Carabus nitens. Paykull. Monogr. 24. 12. Carabus aureus. Degeer. Inf. 4. 94. 9. S chaff. Icon. tab. 51. fig. I. Sulz. Hiji. Inf. tab. 7. fig. 3. The Carabus nitens is a very rare and recently difcovered fpecies in Great Britain. It is lefs uncommon in other parts of Europe, and efpecially in Germany, from whence the Englifh collectors are ufually furnifhed with fpecimens for their cabinets. The fmallefl figure denotes the natural fize. F3 PLATE "N. *> £ $$ 3 PLATE CCCCLXXXVIIL CARABUS COMPLANATUS. SAND CARABUS. COLEOPTERA. GENERIC character. Antennae filiform : feelers generally fix, the laft joint obtufe and truncated : thorax flat and margined : wing-cafes marginate, t SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Pale : t\Vo black-waved lines on the wing-cafes. Carabus complanatus : pallidus, elytris fafciis duabus undulatia nigris. Linn. Syfl. Nat. 2. 671. 17« Carabus arenarius : pallidas elytris maculis duabus dorfalibus atris. Fair. Spec. Inf. 1. 305. 3^—Syfi. Ent. 241. Qd.—Mant. Inf. I. p. IQQ. n. 46. The very elegant and interefting fpecies of Carabus, at prefent before us, appears to be the original C. Complanatus of Linnaeus : this we learn from the authentic fpecimen of that infecT; defcribed by Linnaeus himfelf, and which, conftituting a part of the Linnaean cabinet, is now in the poffeffion of Dr. Smith. The U PLATE dCCCLXXXVIII. The fame infect is, beyond difpute, the genuine Carabus arena- rius of Fabricius, as may be clearly afeertained from the original example of that fpecies defcribed by Fabricius in the Bankfian cabi- net. Fabricius was doubtlefs not aware that it had been previoufly defcribed, and therefore, from its habits of life, very appofitely affigned it the fpecific name of arenarius : the Linnaean name, how- ever, deferves the preference in point of priority, and, being perfectly admiffible, mould in candour be retained, Linnaeus, perhaps on authority not fufficiently explicit, fpeaks of his fpecies Complanatus as an inhabitant of the iiland of St. Domingo. It is poflible, his information in this refpeft might be corre6t, but we are rather inclined to think it doubtful. Its exiftence, as a Britifh fpecies, is determined in the moft conclufive manner. It will not be improper to obferve, that the firft example of this fpe- cies, difcovered in Britain, was taken, fome years ago, by Sir Jofeph Banks on the fandy mores of Wales, a circumftance to which Fabricius adverts, though flightly . From the time of its difcovery, we have reafon to believe it was not again obferved till within a very recent period, when, on further fearch about the fame mores where it was firft obferved, it was again found, and in confiderable plenty. During the fummer of the year 1809, it was taken in abundance under the drift- wood on the mores near Cromllyn Burrows, in the vicinity of Swan- fea, by Mr. W. Leach, F. L, S. ; and prior to that period, Mr. L. W. Dillwyn, F. L. S. met with it on the fands below the town of New- ton, in Glamorganmire. In a living fate, this curious infeft appears uncommonly pellucid, and this appearance is retained in a certain degree even in the exam- ples dried, and prepared for the cabinet: the general colour is pale teitaceous oryellowim, with the extreme tips of the jaws and eyes brown The two black or deep brown fpots on the back conftitute di M denticulated bands ; and two or more of the longitudinal ftri*, Which mterfeft the pale tranfverfe band between thole fpots, are likewife PLATE CCOCLXXXVIIX, 55 likewife black. The whole of the lower furface, with the legs and| antennae are pale yellowiih teilaceous. In conclusion we ought to mention^ that this infe6t varies materially in the form, and alfo in the intenfity of the black or dulky marks ou |he wing-cafes, PLATE *n C 27 ] PLATE CCCCLXXVIL FIG. I. CARABUS SYCOPHANTA* GENERIC CHARACTER. Antenna filiform : feelers generally fix, the lail joint obtufe and truncated : thorax flat and margined : wing-cafes marginate. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Winged : mining violet : wing-cafes green-gold and floated. Caraeus sycophanta *. alatus violaceo-nitens : elytris ftriatis ait- reis. Fabr. Sp. Inf. 1. p. 303. n. 25. — Mant. IfiJ. 1. p. 197- n. 34. Carabus sycophanta : aureo-nitens, thorace coeruleo, elytris aureo-viridibus ftriatis, thorace fubatro. Linn, Fn. Suec. 790. — Gmel. Linn. Syft. Nat. 1966. n. 12. — Geoffr. Inf. p. I, p. 144. n. 5. — Reaum. Inf. 2. t. 37. /. 18. -^Suk. Hiji. Inf. t, 7. /. 1, -^-Bergjir. Nomencl. 1. t. 12./. 1. 2. One of the largeft and moft fplendid of the European Carabi, and which has not, till very lately, been difcovered in England. It is mentioned, in the firft infiance, by Dr. Turton, as a Britiih fpecies, K 2 and sg p L A T E CCCCLXXV1I. and lias, fince that time, been met with by entomological coMcrs, boll! in Norfolk and Ireland. Mr. Hooker, F. L. S. poffeffes an example taken in England. FIG II. II. CARABUS CRUX MAJOR. LARGER CRUCIATE CARABUS. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS, Thorax and head black and downy : wing- cafes ferruginous, with a black crofs. Cakabus crux-major: thorace capitque nigro-villofa, coleoptris ferrugineis : cruce nigra. Linn. Syjl. Nat. 673. 39*— -Faun-. Sues. 808. — Fabr. Ent. Syji. 1. a. 160. loS.—Gmel. J 978. 39. — Marjh. Ent.Sijji. T. ] . p. 47 1 . Carabus bipcstulatus. Fabr. Si/ft. Ent. 207. o{). — Sp, Inf. I. 312, 74. Le Chevalier noir. Geoff r. 1. 150. J 7. Blipreftis cruciata. Fanz. Foet. 2. 70. 7. t. 34./. 7. A ii infect of elegant formation, very beautiful in colour, and of thft greater intereft to the Englifli natui aliit, as being rare. The black cruciate mark on the red wh.g-cafes couftitute a charaaer of much Angularity. PLATE CCCCLXXVII. 29 Angularity. The fpecies is of a moderate fize, or rather finally and appears to peculiar advantage when magnified. The fmaller figure on the blade of grafs in the upper part of the plate exhibits the natural fize ; the magnified figure is enlarged to about the magnitude of Carabus Sycophanta, a fize which admits of its being depicted with the greater fidelity. PLATE ,7/6 PLATE DXV1. CARABUS B1PUSTULATUS. BIPUSTULATED CARABUS. COLEOPTERA. " GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennas filiform : feelers generally fix, the laft joint obtufe and truncated ; thorax flat and margined : wing-cafes margined. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Winged : thorax orbicular, and with the anterior part of the wing- cafes rufous, pofterior part black, with a common rufous fpot. Caraeus bipustulatus : alatus, thorace orbieulato rufo, coleop- tris apice nigris : macula rufa. Fabr. Ent. fyjl. T.I. 1()1. n. 164.— Pay hull. Fn. Sv. I. 138, bk.—Marjh. Ent. Brit. T. I. p. 464. 88. A fmall, but elegant fpecies, and which appears to peculiar ad- vantage when magnified : the ground colcur varies from rufous to paler, 24 PLATE DXVI. paler, yellowifli, and teftaceous in different fpecimens ; and fome little variation is perceptible alfo in the form of the common fpot at the pofterior part of the wing-cafes. The antenna?, are fufcous at the bafe, the extremity pale or yellowifli, and the legs of the latter colour. The fmalleil figure reprefents this pretty little in feci in its natural iize. PLATE HATE CCCLXVII tl PLATE CCCLXVII. FIG. I. I. CARABUS PILICORNIS. HAIRY-HORNED CARABUS. COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae filiform : feelers fix, the exterior joint obtufe and trun- cated : thorax obcordated, truncated behind, and margined : wing- cafes margined : abdomen ovate. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS Thorax roundifh : wing-cafes ftriated, with impreffed dots : antenna? hairy. Carabtjs pilicornis : thorace rotundato elytris ftriatis punc- tifque impreffis,, antennis pilofis. Fabr. fp. Inf. I. p. 307. n. 48.~Mant. 1. 200. 65.—Ent. Syfi. l.p.l. 152. 122. Carabus pilicornis. Marjh. Ent. Brit. T. 1. p. 446. fp. 36. Panz. Faun. Germ. 11. t. 10. Carabus pilicornis. Donov. Tour South Wales, V. I. p. 380. v This infect appears to be rare in England. The firft fpecimen of • it met with by ourfelves was taken on the fandy fhore of the Severn h' * fea^ £ 2 PLATE CCCLXVII. fea, near the village of Newton, Glamorganfliire : another occurs in the cabinet of the late Mr. Green, now in our poffeffion, but the habitat of the latter is unknown to us. FIG. II. II. CARABUS SEMIPUNCTATUS. HALF-DOTTED CARABUS. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Carabus semipunctatus: thorax roundifli: wing-cafes fuscous, ftriated, with anterior hyaline fpots, and dots of the fame on the pofterior half. Caeabus semipunctatus. Donov. Tour South Wales, V. I. p. 380. We found a fpecimen of this curious fpecies in the fame place, and at the fame time as the preceding. It is not defcribed by any uithor. PLATE 530 [ 55 ] PLATE DXXX. CARABUS LUNATUS f LUNATED CARABUS. COLEOPTEHA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae filiform: feelers generally fix, the lafl joint obtufe and truncated ; thorax flat and margined : wing-cafes margined. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Thorax orbicular and rufous : wing-cafes yellow, with three black fpots. Carabus lunatus. Thorace orbiculato rufo, elytris flavis : ma- culistribus nigris. Fabr. Ent. Syjl. I. 16.3. 172. —Si/Jl. Ent. 247. 60.— Panz. Ent. Germ. 63. 9S.—Mar/h. Ent. Brit. T. I. p. 466. 1. Carabus eques. Schranck. Beytr. This very elegant little fpecies is defcribed by Fabricius as an inhabitant of Britain, on the authority of a fpecimen in the collection of 56 PLATE BXXX. of Mr. Lee : the fpecies occurs likewife in Germany, and Italy. Whether it is common in thefe latter mentioned countries is uncer- tain, we fufpecl; not : in Britain it is rare. The appearance of this infecl: when magnified is interefting ; the natural iize is denoted by the fmalleft figure, PLATE ■ 5 [ 37 ] PLATE CCCCLXXX. CARABUS MELANOCEPHALUS. BLACK HEADED CARABUS, GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae filiform : feelers generally fix, the laft joint obtufe and truncated : thorax flat, and margined : wing-cafes marginate. SPECIFIC CHARACTER ANU SYNONYMS. Thorax and legs ferruginous : head and wing-cafes black. Cahabus melanocephalus: thorace pedibufque ferrugineis, elytris capiteque atris. Linn. Fn. Suec. 795. — Gmel. Linn. Si/Jf. Nat. 1973. n. 22.— Fabr. Sp. Inf. I. p. 310. n. 64.—Mant. Inf. I. p. 202. n. 89.— Mar/h. Ent. Brit. 1. 438. 15, Bupreftis dorfo rubro. Panz. Voet. 2. 73. 15. Le Buprefle noir k corcelet rouge. Geoff. 1. 162. 42. The fmall figure in the annexed plate denotes the natural fize. Linna3us defcribes it as a fylvan fpecies. We met with it in plenty in the woods of Erdig, Denbighfliir©. PLATE H C 37 ] PLATE DLIV. CARABUS CUPREUS. COPPERY CARABUS. COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae filiform: feelers fix, the exterior joint obtufe and trun- cated : thorax obcordated, truncated behind and margined : wing-cafes margined: abdomen ovate. 3FECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Braffy : antennae red at the bafe. Carabus cupreus : aeneus, antennis bafi rubris. Linn. Fn. Suec. 801. Fab. Sp. Inf. 1. p. 308. n. 50.—Mant. Inf. 1. 201. 68.— Ent. Syji. 1. a. 153. 126. Paykull Monogr. 7 1 • Fn. Fred. 21. 206. Pant. Ent. Germ. 56. 60. Illiger. Kugel. Kaf. Preus. 166. 31. Marjh. Ent. Brit. T.i.p. 439- 18. Le Bupreite perroquet. Geoffr. 1. 161. 40. The S8 PLATE DLIV. The head, thorax, and wing- cafes are brafify brown, the under furface black with a violet glofs. This kind is diftiucT; from Carabug vulgaris, with which it might be confounded, efpecially in having the firll joint of the antennae red, the whole of thefe organs being black in Carabus vulgaris. PLATE J 65 PLATE DLXV. CARABUS DIMIDIATUS. JyUGEXANNtAN CARABUS, COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antenna filiform : feelers fix, the exterior joint obtufe and trun- cated: thorax obcordated, truncated behind, and margined: wing- cafes margined : abdomen ovate. SPECIFIC CHARACTER SYNONYMS, Braffy green : bead, thorax, and outer margin of the wing-cafes generally purple : wing-cafes fomevvhat convex ftrias : legs black. Carabus bimidiatus: aeneo-virens, elytris ftriatis: interftitiis con- vexiufculjs, pedibus nigris. Maijh. Ent, Brit. T. I. p. 445. Sp. 35. Oliv. Inf. 111. 35. 72. 94. t. 11./. 123. Carabus Kugelannii. Panz. Faun. Germ. 39- t. 8. Illiger. Kugel. Kaf. Preuf. 166. 30. A very fcarce infect, and one of the moft beautiful of the Biitifh Carabi. Its fize is moderate, or rather fmall, fomevvhat exceeding the length of half an inch, the colours on the fuperior furface vivid, beneath black with a faint glofs of violet. The antennae are black k 2 with 68 PLATE DLXV. with the bafe rufous, the legs entirely black. The head and thorax fmooth, polifhed, and gloffy,, and the wing-cafes ftriared; the inter- flices deep, and marked with impreffed dots in a fingle feries. The colours in this fpecies are not conftant, the head and thorax in fome inftances being greenifh and deftitute of the fine purple tinge, fo confpicuous in the fpecimen we have reprefented. PLATE t8i •.\^*>J|\ ^-^."/iy- t 45 ] PLATE CCCCLXXXIV. CARABUS CEPHALOTES. COLEOPTERA, GENERIC CHARACTER. Antenna* filiform : feelers generally fix, the laft joint obtufe and truncated : thorax flat and margined ; wing-cafes marginate. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. .AND SYNONYMS, Deep black, thorax attenuated behind, the pofterior margin rugofc with dots : wing-cafes fmooth, and fcarcely ftriated. Carabus cephalotes : ater, thorace poftice attenuato, margrne poftico punftato rugofo, elytris laevibus obfole- tiffim£ ftriatis. Marjh. Ent. Brit. T. 1. 472. n. 107. Carabus cephalotes : apterus, elytris atris laevibus, thorace exferto oblongo. Linn. Fn. Suec. 788. — Gmel. Linn. Si/ft. Nat. T.i.p. 4. 1964. 9. Carabus cephalotes : apterus ater laevifiimus, thorace orbicu- lato convexo. Fabr. Sp. Inf. 1. p. 304. n. 27. —Mant. Inf. I. p. 198. n. 39- Scarites cephalotes. Panz. Ent. Germ. 37- 5. Pfeudocupis major. Panz. Voet. 2. 64. 2. t. 33./. 2. Found on fandy fhores of the fea. PLATE tad [ 49 ] PLATE CCCCLXXXVI. CARABUS CREPITANS. MUSKETEER BEETLE, GENERIC CHARACTER, Antennae filiform : feelers generally fix, the laft joint obtufe., and ftuncated : thorax flat and margined ; wing-cafes marginate. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Head, thorax, and legs ferruginous : wing-cafes blue-black. Carajjus CBE?JTANS : capite thorace pedibufque ferrugineis, elytris nigris. Linn. Syft. Nat. 671. 18. — Fn. Suec-. 792.— Fabr. Syft. Ent. 242. 35. Sp. 1. 307. 44. — Mant. 1. 200. 6l\. — Pant. Ent. Germ. 51. 35.—OHv. 3. 35. 64. SQ.—MarJh. Ent. Brit. 1. 468. 96. £e Buprefte a tete, corcelet, et pattes rouges et etius blcus. Geoffr» 1. 151. 19, An infe6l of fmall fize that inhabits Europe, and is fometimes found k England., where it is far from common. Vol. xiy» H This -50 PLATE CCCCLXXXVI. Thisfpecies is remarkable only for the peculiar mode of defence which it inftinaively adopts when clofely purfued by carnivorous in- feas, or other enemies : on thefe oceaiions, it emits a diftma, ancj rather loud noife, either from the vent, or, as fome fuppofe, from the friaion of the wing-cafes. This found it has the ability to repeat feveral times, and which, it may be imagined, is feldom exerted with- out fuccefs; the unexpeaed explolion tor the moment alarming or repulfing its purfuer, and allowing, by that means, a convenient inter, val for the infea purfued to effe6t its efcape. An enlarged figure of this infea is given with its natural fize* PLATE 86 ^ C 35 ] PLATE LXXXVL CARABUS CYANOCEPHALUS, COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae taper. Thorax and (hells margined. A large appendix at the bafe of the pofterior thighs. Five joints in each foot. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Thorax and feet orange colour. Head and (hells blue green. Linn. Syji. Nat. 2. 671. 21. — Fn. Sv. 794. Carabus, &c. Degeer Inf. 4. 100. 17. Tab. 3. Fig. 17. Buprestis, &c. Geoff. Inf. 1. 149.40. Cantharis, &c. Raj. Inf. 89. 1. Schceff. Icon. Tab. 10. Fig. 14, Fig. I. The Natural Size. Fig. II. The Magnified Appearance of the Upper-fide. Fig. III. The Under-fide, Natural Size. This minute Infect is found in the months of May and Junt* G a PLATE ;», SJ3 [ 17 ] PLATE DXIU. ATTELABUS MELANUROS. COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennas moniliform, thicker towards the tip, and feated on the Jhout : head pointed behind and inclined. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS, Black : wing-cafes teftaceous, the tip black, Attelabus melanuros : niger, elytris teftaceis apice nigris. Gmeh Linn. Syjl. Nat. 1810. 6. Odacantha melanura. Paykull. Fn. Sv. I. \6§.~~Fabr. Syjl, Eleut. 1. 228.— Latr. Gen. Inf. L 1^4,— Tub, meth. 164. Carabe retrece. Oliv. Entom. 3, 35. This is a fpecies rather exceeding, in point of fize, fuch infects as may with propriety be termed diminutive ; its length, as ihewn bf vo*.. xv- £> 1kg 18 PLATE DXIII. the fmalleit figure, exceeding one third of an inch, and including the antenna confiderably more: its form is peculiar, and the colours which are gay, in fome degree remarkable for their brilliancy. Its singularity confifts in the very curious form of the thorax, a kind of elongated cylinder, connecting the head with the body, as if the former were placed on a (lender pedicle; the thorax being narrower by one half than the head, and not above one third the breadth of the wing-cafes. Notwithftanding this difproportion of its parts, the appearance is not devoid of elegance, and to this the beauty of its colours contribute materially. The head and thorax of this infect are green and blue, changeable into each other, and highly gloffy : the contraft between the colours of thefe and the wing cafes is ftriking, the latter being fine orange, with the exception of a large common fpot of the fame fhining blue and green, as on the head and thorax, or rather inclining more to azure, that is, difpofed at the pofterior extremity. It is no lefs worthy of remark, that the lower furface is in like manner varied with blueifh finning green, and orange, the head, thorax and pofterior part of the abdomen, being of the former colour, and the intervening fpace of the abdomen, orange. The antennae are orange from the bafe to the middle, beyond which they are duflcy : the legs alfo are of two colours, the thigh and firft joint being orange, the remainder duiky ; and befides this the thighs are black at the tips. Gnielin defcribes this fpecies as a native of Upfal. In Britain it is a very local fpecies, but does not appear uncommon in the places it inhabits : it occurs abundantly in Cromllyn bog, in Gla- morgaufhire, near Swanfea, and alfo in a bog near Norwich. PLAT [ S3 ] PLATE DI. FIG. I. I. DYTISCUS HERMANN!. HERMANN'S WATER-BEETLE. COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER! Antenna? fetaceous: palpi fix, audi filiform : pofterior legs formed for fwimming, fringed on the inner fide, and nearly unarmed with claws. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Gibbous : head and thorax ferruginous : wing-cafes truncated, at the bafe ferruginous. Dyti&cus Hekmanni : gibbus, capite thorace elytrorumque baifi ferrugineis, elytris truncatis. Fahr. Sj/JL JEnt. 232. 14.— Sp. Inf. 1. p. 295. 19. — Hani. 1. 19 i. 24.—Gmel Linn. Sijft. Nat. 1949. 41.-— Marjh. Ent. Brit. T. I. p. 418. 13. \ Dytifcus Hermanni does not appear to be a very common infecl; in this country : it is of an amphibious nature, aud reiides chiefly its the water, like the other fpecies of its tribe. The fmalleil figure reprefents the natural ike. M 2 - - S4. PLATE DI P FIG. II. IL PYTISCUS MACULATUS, SPOTTED WATER-BEETLE. - SPECIFIC CHARACTER ANP , SYNONYMS. |)YTISCUS MACULATUS. Teftaceous or pale : thorax dufky, with a pale band : wing-cafes varied with black fpots, and lines. Dytjsgus maculatus. Fab. Spec. Inf. 1, 293. 23? A rare fpecies, ihewn both in its natural fize and magnified. The varieties of this infect are very numerous, and diffimilar. PLATE 4Q 6 C 73 } IP LATE CCCCXCVL DYTISCUS 12-PUSTULATUS, 12-SPOT WATER-BEETLE. COLEOPTEEA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae fetaceous : palpi fix, and filiform : pofterior legs formed for fwimming : fringed on the inner fide, and nearly unarmed with claws. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Teftaeeous : wing-cafes black,, with fix teftaeeous fpots on each, Dytiscus 12-pustulatus : teftaceus, elytris nigris : maculis fex teftaceis. Fabr. Ent. Syft. I. a. p. 197. 50. Ftiykul. Faun. Saec. 1. 2£0. 29. Oliv. 3. 40. 31 . 35. t. 5.f. 46. a. b. Marjh. Ent. Brit. l.p. 422. 12. Few of the Dytifci are diftinguiflied for their beauty : their colours in general are either black, or blackifli, varioufly gloffed with blueifh purple, or olive, or of a dull ferruginous ; and it is for this reafon, more efpecially than any other, that the prefent fpecies claims parti- cular attention : it is certainly one of the prettied infects of its tribe. vol. XIV. L The 74 PLATE CCCCXCVI. The fize of this fpecies is inconfiderable, which renders it necefiary, in order to convey a correct idea of the fubjecl, to reprefent it both in its natural fize, and as it appears when magnified. The colour of the antennae, legs, and thorax, are teftaceous, the latter marked in the middle with a band of black ; the wing- cafes are black, with fix tefta- ceous fpots of an irregular form, difpofed in two longitudinal feries on each. Like the reft of its tribe, Dytifcus 12-Puftulatus is of the aquatkr kind. PLATE r 33 i PLATE CCCIII. DYTISCUS 2PUNCTATUS, Two Spot Boat Beetle, GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae either fetaceous, or furnifhed at the end with a perfor- ated capitulum. Hind feet formed for fwimming, and hairy. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AN D s r n o n r m s, Black brown. Thorax yellow with two black points : wing- cafes variegated with yellow and brown. Dytiscus 2 Punctatus : ater thorace flavo : pundis duobus nigris, elytris flavo fufcoque variis. Fab. Ent. Syft. T.^.p. l. p. 192. fp, 22. Fabricius defcribes this as a German infeft. It has not been figured by any author, and is uncommon in Great Britain. Lives in the water. D3 PLATE •/-/ m~ W [ *3 3 PLATE LXVIII. FIG. I. II. DYTISCUS MINUTUS. COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae taper, or clavato perfoliated. Feet villous and broad. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Yellow-brown, Shells ftriated, and marked with fhort longitudinal itripes of black. Fabrn Spec. Inf. I. 297. 36. Chryfomela Minuta. Linn. Syjf. Nat. Dytifcus Minutus. Linn. Syfil. Nat. 2. 667. 23.— Ftf. Sv. 778. Dytifcus Ruficollis. Degeer. Inf. 4. 404. 18. Tab. 16. Fig. 9. Linnaeus placed this Infect among the Chrysomel;e, under the fpecific name Minuta ; but Degeer consigned it to the Dytiscus genus, and gave it the name Ruficollis: As a Dytiscus it alfo ap- peared in the Syfrema Natures ; and Fabricius, as well as other late Entomologifls, have determined it to that genus, either calling it Minutus, or after Degeer, Ruficollis. At Fig. I. is reprefented its appearance when magnified, and at Fig. II, the natural flze. U 2 I s 8 4 PLATE LXVIII. Is not common ; our fpecimens were taken on Epping ForeJI in June. It is an aquatic Infecl, or one of that kind which paffes through the feveral ftates in the water, and fubfifts on the (mailer kinds of Infedts, or on the fragments of macerated vegetables. Swims very fvviftly. FIG. III. IV. PYTISCUS FERRUGINEUS, coleoptera. Dytiscus. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Very convex. Above red-brown. Beneath paler. Lin, Syji. Nat. FIG. III. natural Size, FIG. IV. magnified. ^ This Infect is one of the fame family, and was found at the fame time and place as the preceding fpecies. Is not very frequently met With. FIG, P LATE LX'VIII. 85 FIG. V. DYTISCUS SULCATUS. coleoptera. , ' Dytiscus. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Shells brown, with four broad furrows, in which are grey-brown hairs. Head black, anterior part yellow, with tranfverfe ftripes. Thorax black, with yellow marks. Beneath black. Syji. Ent. 231. 6. Linn. SyJI. Nat, 2. 666. 13. — Fn. Sv. 773. Geoff. Inf. I. 189. 5. Dytiscus fafciatus, &e. Degcer Inf. 4. 397.4. Hydrocantharis. Raj. Inf. 94. 3. 10. Frifch. Inf. 13. p. 13. Tab. 7. i?o^. /w/i 2. Aquat. 1. Ttf£. 3. i^/V. 7. 2?r<2*#. Afaf. 7*£. 26. Fig. 2. A. Scbaeff. Icon. Tab. 3. i*7g-. 3. • Bergftr. Nomencl. I. T#£. 5. Fig. 3. 4. 5. T^. 7. Fzg-. 6. 7. It is fufpeclcd that the Dytiscus Sulcatus is only the female of the Dytiscus Cinereus, and by no means a diftinct fpecies, although Linnaeus confidered it as fuch. It is common in the month of May, and thence is found throughout the Summer. It paries through the different changes, and exifts in the adult ftate in the water ; and like others of the fame tribe, devours the fmaller kinds of aquatic Infect, or tender vegetables. It darts with aftonifhing fwiftnefs in fearch of its prey by the affiflance of its hinder legs, which are well contrived for that purpofe. PLATE s 4 [ 61 ] PLATE CLXL DYTISCUS MARGINALIS. Large Boat Beetle.- Coleoptera. Wings two, covered by two fhells, divided by a longitudinal future. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antenna; taper, or clavato-perfoliated. Feet villous and broad. SPECIFIC CHARACTER and SY NONTM S. Black ; exterior margin of the thorax and fhells yellow. Eyes large, round, black. Dytiscus Marcinalis: niger thoracis marginibus omnibus elytrorumque exteriori flavis. Lin. Syjl. Nat. 2. 665. 7. Fn. Sv. 769. Fak Spec. Inf. 1. 291. 3. Ent.SyJi. Tom. 1. 187. 3. T)ytifcus nigro fufcus nitidus, thorace undique elytrorumque margine flavo. Degeer. Inf. 4. 391. 2. tab. 16. fig.*. Flydrocantharis noflras. Haj. Inf. 93. 1. Mouff. Inf. 164. Li/l.Mtit.tab. 5. fig. 4,2. Sulz. II if. Inf. tab. 6. fig. 42. Roef. Inf. 2. Aquat. 1. tab. 1. Schaff. Icon. tab. 8. fig. 7. #i Dytifcus femijlriaim fufcus, elytris fulcis dimidiatis decern. £/». Svjl, Nat 2.665. Z.—Fn. Sv. 77*. G 3 The 62 PL A T E CLXI. The transformation of anv infed from one ftate to another is both curious and entertaining to an enlightened obferver; yet there are a few fpecies whofe manners are fo peculiar, and their changes fo aflonifhing, that they feem to demand more than ordinary attention; and of this defcription we confider the fubjeft of the annexed plate- If we fpeak of it as to its manners colleaively, one peculiarity im- plies a contradiction of the other, for it is an aquatic, a terreftrial, and an aerial creatine. Few infe&s that inhabit the water, in the perfeft date ever quit it; and the generality of thofe whofe larvae live in that element could exift for a few minutes only in it, after they become winged infecls; this is particularly noticed of the Libel- lidcc, Phryganea, Ephemera, Tipulce, and an immenfe variety of other infecls that are bred in the water; but it appears this infecl in the larva ftate can leaw, the water without injury, and in the lafb ftate, though a winged creature, it lives for the rnoit part in the water, and quits it only in the evenings; or when the pool dries up, it ufes its wings in fearch of another. In the larva Mate it is not lefs remarkable for its favage difpofition, than its formidable appearance. The whole body is covered with at hard (hell, or coat of mail, and the head is armed with two long, femi- circular, fharp -pointed forceps. It is very alert in the water, and when it takes its prev, which confifts 6f fmaller aquatic infefts, it plunges thefe weapons into them, and through a minute aperture, at the extremity, it extra&s all their juices. When the time arrives in which it is to become a pupa, it leaves the water and forms a cavity juft below the furface of the earth of an oval form: how long it re- mains in this cavity in the pupa ftate is uncertain. The beetle comes forth in May. Much doubt has arofe refpefting the female of this fpecies; Lin- naeus, in the Syfteraa Naturae, defcribed the fuppofed female as 0, Dyfiirus Semifiriatus. Fabricius, in the Species Infeftorum, adds a long hlf of fynonymsfrom different entomological writers, feveral of whom had figured or defcribed it as a diftincl fpecies before the time of Linnaeus, and fome fubfequent authoi s have held the fame opinion ; but in the lati work, Entomologia Syjlema, Fabricius confiders it to be the PLATE CLXI. 63 the female, and includes only a few of his former references. Upon the firft view of thefe opinions the point feem undetermined; and though we partly afTent to the opinion of the laft writer, we mufl endeavour to be entirely fatisfied, before we give a figure of Dytifc-us Semiflriatus. The upper fide of this infe£l is generally defcribed black ; this is not the colour in living fpecimens: it is of a fine glofTy black-green, and the marginal colour brighter than in thofe that have been dead fome time. The greenifh hue on the back fcldom entirely difappears. The fore feet of this beetle have an appendage of a very lingular Uru&ure; it is nearly round, flat beneath, and has in the middle two remarkable circular cavities, with many others more minute: it is fuppofed, that through minute apertures in thefe cavities it can emit a kind of oily fluid ; or that, by their afiiftance, it can colleft air bubbles, to raife itfelf from the deep parts of the water to the fur- face, in an inftant. The larva of the Mufca Chamasleon, which lives in the water, collects the air in a bubble within the rays of its tail, 3nd thereby raifes itfelf to the fur face in like manner. Fig. 1. The eggs. Fig. 2. The larva. Fig. 3. The pupa. G 4 PLATE ■rU C si 3 PLATE DXL. DYSTISCUS PUNCTULATUS. DOTTED BOAT-BEETLE COLEOPTERA.. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae fetaceous: feelers fix, filiform: hind-legs formed for fwimming, fringed on the inner fide, and nearly unarmed with claws. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Black : wing-cafes with three rows of dots : fhield of the head ; margin of the thorax, and wing-cafes yellow. Dytiscus punctulatus. niger clypeo thoracis elytrorumque margine albis, elytris ftriis tribus pun6tatis. Geoffr. Inf. I. 185. /.— Le Ditique brun & bordure. ib. Dytiscus punctulatus. Fabr. Ent. Syjl. I. a, 188. 4. vol. xv. M Dytiscus 82 PLATE DXL. DytisCus laterali-marginatus. Degeer. T. 4. p. 396. n. 3. Dytisctjs virens. Mull zool dav.prodr.p. 70. n. 664. Dytiscus punctatus. Oliv. 5. 40. 22. 4. t. I.j. 6. b. and f. It. Dytiscus punctulatus. Marjh. Ent. Brit. T. 1. p. 412. n. 2. This in common with the other fpecies of the Dytifcus genus is found in marines, ponds, and other waters, particularly thofe of the ftagnant kind, and which abound moil with the refufe of animal fubftancesj and aquatic plants. The larva, like the reft of its tribe, is active, fierce, and vigorous ; entirely aquatic and fubfifts on the other fmall inhabitants of the regions in which it lives, fuch as the larva of the Ephemera;, the Phry- ganas and many other creatures of the infect race that fpend the earlier ftage of their exiftence in the watery element ; and alfo on the vermes which in fuch fituations occur invariably, and in confiderable numbers. In their turn the larvae of the Dytifci become the food of fiflies, and aquatic birds, but rarely fall a prey to the infect race, as their natural ftrength, and the powerful armament of their jaws, at leaft in the larger fpecies, enables them to maintain a decided fuperiority over thefe puny enemies. Previous to its paffing into the pupa ftate, the larva of this fpecies emerges from the bottom of the water, and forms a convenient receptacle for the purpofe in fome adjacent bank, or fpot of ground near the water's edge ; this accomplifhed, it changes to the pupa, and after a while appears in the winged ftate.— Having affumed this form PLATE DXL. 83 form it becomes in all refpecls an amphibious creature, refiding alternately in the water, or on the land. When in the water, however, which appears to be its moll congenial element, it is frequently obferved to rife upon the furface to take in air, and on the contrary when on land, or in flight, it does not willingly remain a long time before it again plunges into the aquatic element. Dytifcus pun£iulatus is found in the ditches of Batterfea meadows. u o UNNiEAN :v' / -X.: J '; >4 * [ 97 ] PLATE CLXXIV. BUPRESTIS VIRIDIS. Green Buprestis. ' coleoptera. GENERIC CHARACTER, Antennas fetaceous, and as long as the thorax. Head drawn within the Thorax. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Linear, mining blue and green, a few exceedingly minute fpots fprinkled over forae parts, Buprestis ViRipis;elytrisintegerrimislinearibuspun£tatus, cor- pore viridi elongate Fab, Spec. Inf. 1. 281. 54. . Syjl; Ent 223, 38, — Linn. Syji, Nat. 2. 6G3. 25. Fn, Sv, 762. Buprejlis viridis nitida, corpore elongato, elytris linearibus fcabris integerrimis. Degeer. Inf. 4. 1. 33. 6. tab, 5, Cuculu s viridi cupreus oblongus, Geoff. Inf. 1, 127. 5. Mordella ferraticornis. Scop. Cam. 190. The Larva of this In feci feeds on the Birch-tree (Betula Alba). It is rarely met with in England ; and if we may form any opinion from the filence of Naturalifts, it is not common in any part of Europe. F, I. Natural fize. L PLATE 156 *t [ II ] PLATE CCLVL BUPRESTIS MINUTA, Minute Buprestis, or Cow Burner. COLEOPTERA, GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae fetaceous, length of the thorax : head half retraced within the thorax. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Ovate : wing-cafes entire, bronzed, rugged, and tranfverfely undu- lated with ftreaks of fine whitifli hairs ; thorax fomewhat trilobate, and fmooth. Buprestis MlNUTA : elytris integris tranfverfe rugofis, thorace fubtrilobo lzevi, corpore ovato nigro. Linn. Syjl. Nat. 2. €63. 24. — Fn. Sv. 760. — Fab. Ent. Syji. 1. p. 2. 212. fp. 111. Cucujus fufco cupreus triangularis: fafciis undulatis villofa albidis. Geoff. Inf. 1. 128. 6. The natural fize is reprefented at figure 1. This pretty fpecies is found on the nut tree in May and June. PLATE [ 77 ] PLATE CCLXXXII. BUPRESTIS PYGMEA. COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennas fetaceous and the length of the thorax : head half re- traced, or drawn within the thorax. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Wing-cafes entire blue: head and thorax brown, bronzed, and glofly. Buprestis Pygmea: elytris integris cyaneis, capite thoraceque asneis nitidis. Fab. Ent.SyJi. I. p. 2. p. 21], Sp. 110. The difcovery of this minute but rare fpecies of Bupreftis in this country is due to Alexander M'Leay, Efq. It was found in a puddle, on the road fide, near Coombe Wood, in the month of May laft. The fpecimen is reprefented in the annexed plate ; the fmallefl; figure denotes the natural fize. PLATE I 2 J £ 5i 1 PLATE CXXVII. BUPRESTIS SAL1CIS. COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennas taper, the length of the thorax: Head half concealed. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Head and thorax fine blue. Shells upper half changeable green ; lower part reddifh purple. Buprestis Salicis : elytris integerrimis viridis nitens, coleop- teris aureis bafi viridibus. Fab. Gen. Inf. Mant. p. 237. Buprejiis elegantula, Schrank. Inf. Aujir. n. 365. p. 195. Ciicuius rubinus. Fourcroy. Ent. Paris. T. I. n. 4. p. 33. Le Richard rubis. Geoff. Inf. Paris F. I. p. 126. Geputzter Stinkkafer. Weiden-Prachtkafer. Panz. Faun. Inf. Germ* This uncommonly beautiful In fed has been defcribed as a native ^f Algiers in Africa, a figure of it is given in the work of Olivier, and another in Panzer's Hiftory of the Infects of Germany ; we find it alfo defcribed by Fourcroy and Geoffrory as a native of France, but cannot learn that it has been confidered as an Englilh fpecies before this .ime. We were not fo fortunate as to take this Infect, it was commu- nicated by a perfon on whofe veracity we can rely : he found it on the bark of an old willow tree, between Dulwich Common ancf I Noxwcod, 52 PLATE CXXVIL Norwood, on, or about the 8th of June, 1794. As we know the precife fpot where it was taken, we (hall attend to it particularly next feafon, and the earliefl intimation of fuccefs, fhall be given through the medium of a future number. When we confider how much the ftudy of coleopterous Infects has been neglected in this country, even by thofe who have purfued with unremitting perfeverance almofl every other branch of Ento- mology, we cannot be much aftonifhed that fucha minute Infect as the Buprejiis Salicis mould have efcaped notice ; add to this, we can fcarccly doubt that it is very rare in this country, and probably live s concealed in the crevices of the tree, or under The rotten part of the bark. The number of new Infects that have been difcovered in this country within a few years *, renders,it not improbable, that future Englifh Entomologifts, by extending their enquiries, may find many more of the fpecies that are now met with ia the northern, and per- haps even fouthern parts of Europe. Fig. 1, natural fize. Fig. 2, its magnified appearance; * Among the rarities met with laft fummer, we may particularly mention the Pha» hena Delphinii, Peafe Bhjfom Motb. This very beautiful JnfedT: was taken by * Gentle* man at Chelfea j it was never afcertaine4 before to be an £ngli|*Jbpfe<2» P L A T £ [ «3 ] PLATE CCCLVL ELATE R FERRUGINEUS, COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennas filiform : palpi four : an elaftic fpine at the extremity of the thorax" on the under fide, by means of which it fprings up when placed on the back. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Thorax and wing-cafes ferruginous: body and poflerior margin of the thorax black. Elater Ferrtjgineus : thorace elytrifque ferrugineis, corpore thoraceque margine pofteriore nigris. Linn, a GmeJ. T. X.p.k.p. 1906. /p. 20. Scarce. From the collection of Mr. Francillon. H 4 FIG. 84 PLATE CCCLVI. I'IG. II. E LATER PECTINICORNIS. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Above greenifh with a dull braffy glofs : antennae of the male large and pectinated* Elater Pectinicornis : thorace elytrifque asneis, antennis maris pe&inatis. Linn. Gmel. T. \. p. 4>.p. 1909. The elegant antennae of this Infect is very characleriftic. It is pot an uncommon fpecies. PLATE os PLATE DVIIL F I G. I. I. ELATER SANGUINEUS. SANGUINEOUS ELATER, OR SKIPPER BEETLE. COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER, Antennae filiform, lodged in a groove under the head and thorax ; under-fide of the thorax terminating in an elaftic fpine, placed in as cavity of the abdomen, by which means when placed on the back il fprings up, and recovers its natural pofition. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Deep black: wing cafes fanguineous, and without fpots. Elater sanguineus: ater elytris ftriatis fanguineis immaculate Linn. Syft. Nat. 2. 654. 2L— Fn. Sv. 731 — Gmel. 1906. 21. Elater nigris elytris rubris, — Le taupin & etuis rouges. Geoff. Inf. I. 131.2. Elater 8 PLATE DYIII. Elater melanocepnalus ruber Fanz.Vpet. «. 117- SI- '• 44./. tU Elater sanguineus. Marjh. Ent. Brit. T. L p. 383. n. 20. Very rare in Britain. The fpecies is found in Sweden, Germany and France. FIG. II IL ELATER CUPREUS. COPPERY ELATER, or SKIPPER BEETLE. SPECIFIC CHARACTER ANi) SYNONYMS. Coppery : Wing-cafes half yellow : antennas of the male pectinated* Elater cupreus : cupreus, elytris dimidiato-flavis : autennis maris peainatis. Marjh. Ent. SyJL T. I. p. 384. '23. Elater cupreus. Fabr. Syji. Ent. 15. — Spec. Inf. 1. 268. 20. — Ent. Syji. 1. h. 225. 37 * Elater castaneus. Scop. 286. A very beautiful and rare fpecies : its fize equal to that of Elater pecxmicornis : dull coppery or braffy rufous : antennae black. P LATE 5t8 ^ ' ^ % i% [ W ] PLATE DXVIII. ELATER RUFICOLLIS. RUFOUS-NECKED ELATER, or SPRINGER BEETLE. COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae filiform and lodged in a groove under the head and thorax : fides of the thorax terminated in an elaftic fpine placed in a cavity of the abdomen, by means of which the infecl:, when on its back, recovers its natural pofition. SPECIFIC CHARACTER | AND SYNONYMS. Black and polifhed, anterior part of the thorax red Elater ruficollis: niger, thorace pofterius rubro nitido. Linn. Fn. Suec. 7%4.~rFabr. Sp. Inf. I. p. 270. n. 33 —Mant. inf. J. p. 173. n. 37—Ent. Syft. I. b. 227. 52. Elater ruficollis: thorace rubro nitido antice nigro, elytris corporeque nigris. Marjh. Ent. Brit. T. I. 376- n. 2. A rare and very pretty fpecies. Its habits are unknown. Linnaeus defcribes it as a native of Sweden. e 2 PLATE 335 C 67 ] PLATE DXXXV. FIG. I. ELATER CYANEUS. CYANEOUS SKIPPER-BEETLE, COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae filiform, lodged in a groove beneath the head and thorax : tinder-fide of the thorax terminating in an elaftic fpine, lodged in a cavity of the abdomen, by which means when placed on the back it fprings up, and recovers its natural pofition. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Entirely purplifh blue and dotted : wing- cafes filiated. Elater cyaneus : totus purpureo-caeruleus pun6tulatus, elytris ftriatis. Mar/h. Ent. Brit. T. I. 388. 32. A rare infecl, and which appears hitherto to have been defcribed ®nly as a Britifti fpecies. Some collectors have conceived it to be a fexual difference of the following kind, k2 FIG. PLATE DXXXV. FIG. II. ELATER IMPRESSUS, IMPRESSED SKIPPER-BEETLE. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Blue-black, and gloffy : wing-cafes with an impreffed dorfal line, and two dots : legs pitchy. Elateb impressus : atrocaeruleus niditus, thorace linea dorfali pun6tifque duobus impreffis, pedibus piceis. Marjh. Ent. Brit. T. I. 387. 29. Rather larger than the preceding. PLATE q6 1 I Ik ( n } PLATE XCVI. FIG. I. CHRYSOMELA POLYGONS COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Anterins knotted, enlarging towards th© ends. Corfelet mar- gined, SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Head, Shells, and underfide blue green. Thorax and Thighs orange colour. Globules of the Antennae of equal fize. C. Polygoni. Ouata cserulea, thorace femoribus anoque rufis. Syji. Ent. ioo. yi.—Linn. Syfi.Nat. 2, 589. 24.— Fn. Sv. 520. Chryfomela? &c. Geoff". Inf. r. 283. 4. Cbryfomela, &c. Degeer. Ivf, 5. 322. 26. Reaum. Inf. 3. Tab. 17. Fig. 14. 15. Sckaff.lcon. Tab. 51. Fig. 5. Tab. 161. Fig. 4. Tab. 173. Fig. 4, This pretty, though common Infed, is generally found on thofe plants which grow on the banks of ditches in the months of May or June. FIG. * 4 PLATE XCVL F I G. II. CANTHARIS jENEA. GENERIC CHARACTER, Antennae taper. Thorax margined. Shells flexile. Sides of the Abdomen papillous, and folded. In each Foot five joints. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Bright green. Shells red on the external fides j a fmall red fpot on each fide of the Corfelet. Cantharis Mnea thorace marginato, corpore viridi aeneo elytris extrorfum undique rubris. Linn. Syji. Nat. 2. 648. 7. — Fn. Sv. 708. Cicindela viridi scnea, elytris extrorfum rubris. Geoff. Inf. 1. 174. 7. Tlulephorus aneus, &c. Degeer. Inf. 4. 73. 6. Tab. 2. Fig. 16. J 7, Scarabfeus, Sec. Raj, Inf. 77. 12. $ chaff, monogr. 1754. Ttf£. 2. £%, ro. 11. JWz. Tab. 18. jp/g-. 12. 13. V Very plenty on flowers; often on thirties in May. FIG* PLATE XCVi. ^ F I G. III. STAPHYLINUS MAXILLOSUS. COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER, Antennae globular. In each Foot five joints. Shells curtailed. Wings covered. Tail defencelefs, with two veficles. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Black. Antennas of eleven globules. Jaws as long as the Head. Shells grey, cover one third of the Abdomen. Length one inch. Sp. Maxillofus. Pubefcens niger, fafciis cinereis. Syfi. Ent. 265. 3, Linn. Sy/l. Nat. 2. 683. 3.—^. Sv. 841. StaphylinuS) &C. Geoff. Inf. I. 360. I. Tab. 7. Fig. 1. Stapbylinus balteatusj&cc. Degeer. Inf. 4. 18. 4. Tab. j. Fig. 7. S* Scarabceus. Lift. Logu,, 391. Jonjl. Inf. Tab. 17. Fig. I. 2. 3. £Vr. ^f«/: 2. f«£. 31. Fig. k^ Schezff. Icon. Tab. 20. -F/V. j. Staphy 'units o/ens, &c. ,&&'//. i^ww. Fridrickfd. 23. 228. Zw/. Z>tf«. 97. 1O90. Found chiefly in fandy places ; may be often obferved flying againfr. dry banks when the fun mines ; makes a buzzing noife j feeds on de- cayed vegetables, but more efpecially on the Hem of dead animals. Met with in May, June, and July. FIG, '(5 PLATE XCVL F I G. IV. ELATER SPUTATOL COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antenna taper, lodged in a groove under the Head and Thorax. Under fide of the Thorax terminates in a point lodged in a cavity of the Abdomen. Spring to a confiderable height when laid on their backs. SPECIFIC CHARACTER, Thorax black. Shells brown. Body black. Linn. Syjl. Nat. ed. 12. 182. 15, Faun. Suec. 583. We have feveral fpecies of this genus that fo nearly refemble each ©ther, as fcarcely to be diitinguifhed on the moft accurate inveftigation from the E. Sputator. They are found in great abundance in fummer„ PLATE f.) [ 13 ] PLATE DXLV. ELATER 4-PUSTULATUS. FOUR-SPOT SPRINGER BEETLE. COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae filiform, lodged in a groove under the head and thorax : under fide of the thorax terminating in an elaftic fpine, placed in a cavity of the abdomen; by which means the body, when placed on the back, fprings up and recovers its natural pofture. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Black wing-cafes ftriated, with two teftaceous dots. Elater 4-pustulatus: niger elytris ftriatis : punctis duobus teftaceis. Fabr. Ent. Si/Ji. T. 1. p. 2. p. 235. fp. 89. — PaykuU, &c. A diminutive infect, of very uncommon rarity, originally defcnbed bv Fabricius from a fpeciraen in the cabinet of Hybuer: this was found in Saxony : it has been fince defcribed as a native of Sweden, and was lately discovered on the banks of the Tavy river. The fmalleft figure denotes the natural fize; the prevailing colour is black, the fpots on the wing-cafes with the legs teftaceous. C 9 3 PLATE DXLIV, LAMPYRIS FESTIVA. FESTIVE LAMPYRIS. COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae filiform: feelers four; wing-cafes flexile: thorax fiat;, femi-orbicular, furrounding and concealing the head; fegments of the abdomen terminating in folded papillae : female ufually apterous. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. LAMPYRIS FesTIVA. Sublinear, tawny orange : wing-cases with four raifed lines, and posterior end black : disk of the thorax black. An infect of more ftrikiug afpe6t, notwithstanding the inferiority of its fize, can fcarcely prefent itfelf. It appears to be extremely rare; indeed, we have not feen it in any other cabinet than that of the late Mr. Drury, now in our own poffefTion ; nor does it feem to be defcribed by any author ; we prefume, therefore, it may be new to Entomologifts in general. VOL. X?I» la JO PLATE DXLIV. In the Linnaean Sjftem this infeft muft fall under fonie one of the feveral families into which modern Naturalists divide the Lampyrides of that author. Neverthelefs, it mould not be concealed that its characters are in certain refpe&s remote from that of the true Lam- pyrides, and might, without any degree of impropriety, remove it entirely from that genus. The Entomologift need fcarcely to be ap- prized of the families to which we allude; the genus Lampyris, as establilhed by Linnaeus, it muft be known, are divided into many fections, without which it would be impdffible to retain the whole of the Lampyrides under one generic appellation. Even Gmelin, in editing the laft edition of Syftema Naturae, feems fenfible of this, as he forms no lefs than five distinct families for their reception. The whole of thefe, according to Fabricius, from whom they are adopted, are geuerically diftincl;, and are fo conftituted by him under the re- fpective names .Lampyris, OmalyJ/'its, Ccffyphus, Pyrochroa, and Li/cus: — this is the order in which they Hand in the lateft works of that writer: fome further alterations have been again made by writers fubfequent to Fabricius, but generally, it may be obferved, the example of Fabricius is almoft implicitly followed in the diviiion of the Lin- naean genus of Lampyrides, throughout the continent of Europe. That the prefent infe6i is a genuine Lampyris of Linnaeus admits of no doubt ; but in referring it to either of the fe&ions, we mould exprefs ourfelves with greater caution ; for peihaps it ought rather to conftitute a diftincl genus than be configned to either. It has the characters of Py- rochroa, and yet is allied to Lycus. As afpecies it feems to approach the Pyrochroa, called byHerblt Aurora, a native of Pomerania'; but lliould it be the fame, there muft be a deficiency in the character ailigned to it by that author, which creates uncertainty; neither the black fpot in the difk of the thorax, nor thofe at the extremity of the wing- cafes, being there described: we conclude for thefe reafons it cannot be the fame. The highly beautiful form of the pectinated antennae in this elegant little ink ft contributes to render its general appearance attractive : the PLATE DXL1V. 11 the form is graceful, and the colours pleating, — a fine tawny orange diverlified with characterise marks and fpots of black. The an- tennae are brown except the extreme joiqt, which is lawny : on the tipper furface it will be obferved, that in the centra part of the alack difk of the thorax is a raifed acute line, and on the wing-cafes four diftinctly prominent ftrias, with the interftices deeply punctured. J.t is perceptible beneath that all the thighs at the bafe are tawny. PLAT E ■■_, n ¥ m C 17 ] PLATE LXXVIIL FIG. I. and F I G. II. CHRYSOMELA BOLETI, CoLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae knotted, enlarging towards the ends. Corfelet margined. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Antennae^ head, and thorax black, fliining. Elytra black, with two jagged belts of bright orange colour ; extremity orange. Syji. Ent. 97. 18. — Linn. Syji. Nat. 2. 591. 360 — Fm Sv. 52. J.—Sulz. Hiji. Inf. Tab. 3. Fig. 9; Diaperis, Geoff* Inf i. 337. Tab. 6. Fig. 3. mat. DiaperiSj Scbaeff. Elem* Tab. 58. — Icon. Tab. 77. Fig. 6* Dermeftes, &c. Vdm. Dtff. 4. Fig. 3. Tenebrio Boleti, &c* Degeer Inf 5. 49. 9. Tab. 3. Fig. 3. Coccinella fafciata. Scop. Ent. 247. The Chryfomela Boleti is not very frequent in this country ; it is almoft invariably found in the hollows of fome of the Boletus tribe of Fungi *, which grow on the ftumps of trees in the month of May or June, * MnJhroQms, D FIG. i* PLATE LXXVIII. F I G. III. and F I G. IV. CHRYSOMELA CERUINA. coleoptera, Chrysomela. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Ohlong. Dull brown, befet with very fine hairs. Syji. Ent. 1 1 6. I. Linn. Syjh Nat. 2. 602. 115. — Fn. Sv. 575, There can remain very little doubt of thofe infe£ts N° III. and N IV. being fexes of the fame fpecies. • Rarely met with near London. May and June. PLATE 51% [ 49 ] PLATE DXXVIIL FIG. I. i. CANTHARIS FASCIATA, FASCIATED CANTHARIS, COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antenna? filiform : thorax generally margined, and fliorter than the head : wing-cafes flexile : fides of the abdomen edged with folded papilla, SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Thorax greenifli : wing-cafes blackiftr, with two red bands. Cantharis fasciata. Linn. Syft. Nat. 643. 10.— Fn. Sd.11 1. —Gmd. 1899- 10. fOL. xv. H MAJ.A- 50 PLATE DXXVIII. Malachius fasciatus: elytris nigris : fafciis duabus rufis. Fab. Syjl. But. 208. 4.—Sp. Inf. I. 262. 5.—Mant, I. 169. 8.— Ent. Syfi. I. a,.224; 13. Malachius fafciatus. Oliv. Inf. 27 '. 10. 12. tab. I. fig. 2. Cantharis fasciata: thorace virefcente, elytris nigris : fafciis duabus rubris. Marfh. Ent. Brit. T.371. 11. Telephorus fasciatus. De Geer. 4. 76. 9- La cicidele a bandes rouges. Geoff. I. 177. 12. This is a very gay and pretty infect; : the antennae and legs are black : the head blackim, gloffed with fliining green,, as is likewife the thorax : the wing-cafes are dufky purple with a broad band of red acrofs the middle, and another behind formed by the junction of the tips of the wing- cafes, the latter being of the fame red colour as the band in the middle. The abdomen at the tides are red. The fmalleft figure denotes the natural 4ke. This fpeeies is foimcj among mofs. FIG. I 3 LATE DXXVtlL 5i FIG, II. CANTHARIS BIPUSTULATA. BIPUSTULATED CANTHARIS. ^SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Braffy green : front yellowifli : wing-cafes red at the tip. Cantharis bipustulata: aeneo-viridis, fronte flavicante elytris apice rubris. Marjh. Ent. Brit. T. I. p. 369. 9. Cantharis bipustulata. Aeneo-viridis, elytris apice rubris. Linn. It. del. 127.— Fn. Sitec. 709. — Gmel. Linn. Syft. Nat. 1898. 8. Malachius bipustulatus. Oliv. Inf. 27. 5. 3. t. I.f. I. , Fair. Syft. Ent. 208. 2. — Sp. Inf. I. 262. 2. Mant. I. 169. 2.— Ent. Syft.. i. a. 222. 2. Telephorus bipustulatus. De Geer.4. 15. 7. Donacia asparagorum. Panz. Voel. ii. th. 128. 6. t. 4Q.f. 6. Lacicindele verte a points rouges. Geoff. Inf. I. 175. 8. Frequent among grafs : the larva rapacious, feeding on. fmaller infects, and even the grubs of its own tribe and fpecies. hS PLATE tit lib m-M^: * [ 49 3 PLATE CCCCXI, FIG. I. I. CLERUS MOLLIS, COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER, Antennae tnoniliform, with the three extreme joints largeft : head bent down : thorax convex and attenuated behind : wing-cafes flexile, body elongated and fomewhat oblong. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Grey and pubefcent, with three paler bands on the wing-cafes. Clerus Mollis : grifeus pubefcens, elytris fafciis tribus pallidis, Marjh. Ent. Brit. T. I. p. 322. n. 2. Attelabus Mollis: Linn. Syjl. Nat. 621. n. 11.— Fn. Suec. 642. Notoxus Mollis: Fabr. Syjl. Ent. 158. I.— Spec. Inf. I. 20 3. I.—Mant. I. 127. 3.— Ent. Syjl. I. ^.211. 5. Notoxus Mollis : Gmel. Linn. Syjl. Nat. 1813. 3. Dermestes Mollis: Schrank. 37. Curculio. Udd. Diffl 28. 1. 1, f. 9- Le Clairon porte-croix. Geoffr. I. 305. 3. H A rare vol. xxi. ** 50 PLATE CCCCXI. A rare infea in England. Inhabits woods. The fmalleft figure denotes the natural fize. FIG. II. II. TILLUS BIMACULATUS. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae filiform and ferrated : head fomewhat declining : thorax convex, oblong and attenuated both before and behind : body linear and elongated. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Tillus Bimaculatus : blue-black : with a pale ferruginous fpot on the wing-cafes. Fabricius defcribes three fpecies of the genus Tillus in his Entomologia Syjhmatica, elongatus, ambulans, & ferraticornis ; all which are found in Europe, and the two firft in this country. To ihefe Mr. Marfliam adds two other Britifh fpecies, aeneus and virens; including at the fame time, as a fifth fpecies, the Clerus unjfafciatus of Fabrjcius. Thus it appears, we pofiefs five defcribed fpecies of this genus in Britain, neither of winch agreeing with our prefent infecl, we prefume to offer it as a ftxth and new fpecies. Belides the five fpecies of Tillus above mentioned, the late Fabrician work, Supplem. Ent> Syji. contains two more fpecies, damicornis, a native of America, and Weber?, a German infea. Neither of thole, however, correfpond with our infers ; and we have therefore PLATE CCCCXI, 51 therefore no hefitation in admitting it as a non-defcript, a? well as new Britifh ipecies. We have once feen this infeft alive in the woods of Kent, but accidentally loft it : the only fpecimen we now poffefs is in the cabinet of the late Mr. Dairy : and we do not recollect to have ever feen it in any other. H'2 PLATE 23/ ?# ^ § m [ 37 ] PLATE CCXXXL FIG. I I. ATTELABUS APIARIUS; COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennas moniliform, thickeft towards the apex, and feated on the fnout : head pointed behind, and inclined. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Slightly hairy : azure : wing-cafes red, with three bars of blue, the third, terminal. ATTELABUS APIARIUS: Lin. Syji. Nat. 2. 620. 10, Clerus Apiarius : fubnudus cyaneus elytris rubis : fafciis tribus coerulefcentibus : tertia terminali. — Geoff, Inf. 1. 304. 1. tab. 6. fig. 4.— Fab. Ent. Syji. 1. 209. 14. Degeer. Inf. 5. 157. 1. tab. 5. fig. S. Sulz. Inf. tab. 4. fig. 6. A very local fpecies: we learn that it has been found near Manchefter. FS FIG. 35 PLAT?. CCXXXL F I G. If. ATTELABUS FORMICARIUS. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Black: thorax red; wing-cafes, with two bars of white : bafe red* Attelabus Formicarius: Linn. Syft. Nat. 2. 620, 8. Clerus formicarius. Fab. Ent. Syji. I. p. 207. 27. 5. : niger thorace rufo, elytris fafcia duplici alba bafique rubris. Degeer. Inf. 5. L 16Q. 3. t. 5, f. 8, Only a few fpecies of this genus have been difcovered in this country ; and neither of thofe are very common. We apprehend Attelabus Formicarius is rare, having only met with one fpecimen of it. It was found in May, on a fand-bank, near Coome Wood, Surry. F I G. III. Hi, BERMESTES PELLIO. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennas terminated in a perfoliated club : the three extreme arti- culations thicker than the reft : thorax convex : flightly margined ; head infleaed, and almoft concealed under the thorax. SPECIFIC PLATE CCXXX1. 39 SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Black : a white fpot on each wing-cafe. Dermestes Pellio: niger elytris pun&o albo. Lln.SyJl. Nat. 2. 563. — En. Sv. 411. Dermestes Pellio. Fab. Ent.SyJi. l.p.228.5. Oliv. Inf. 2.9.1]. 10. tab. 2. fig. 11.- Schcejf. Icon. tab. 4£. fig. 4. A very common and deftruftive creature. It infinuates itfelf into all kinds ol fur, or the dried fkins of animals; and in the ftate of larva, injures them confiderably. The larvae of this tribe of Infefts foon become very numerous where they are fuffered to breed : they enter into and deflroy furniture, cloathing, and dried food of all kinds. Some fpecies are found feeding upon the carcafes of animals ; while others, more tenacious of life, penetrate harder fubftances, and refift the verdigreafe, muik, arfenic, and other drying or corrofive fubftances, that effectually deftroy moll Infefts. One or two fpecies are in particular much to be dreaded by Collectors oi Natural Curiofities : they perforate the cabinet, or cafe, an dwhen the larva? are batched, commit vaft depredation. In collections of preferved animals, birds, infefts, and plants in particular, they do great mifchief. F* FIG. 4 o PLATE CCXXXL F I G. IV. IV. DERMESTES SC ARAB MOIDE8. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Ovate black : two red fpots on the wing-cafes. Dermestes Scarab^eoides. Linn. Syji. Nat. 2. 563. 17.— En. Sv. 428. S'ph^ridium ScARABiEOiDES : ovatum atrum elytris maculis duabus ferrugineis. Fab. Ent. Syft. 1« 77. 6. 1. Found in dung. Fabricius fepa*rates this fpecies from the Der« meftides, and places it in the new genus Sphteridium, PLATE 53'/ [ 71 3 PLATE DXXXVII. F I G. I. SII^PHA HUMATOR. CQLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennas clavated, the club perfoliated: wing-cafes margined head prominent : thorax fomewhat flattened and margined. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Oblong, entirely black, except the rufous tip of the antennas. Silpha humatoe. ; oblonga tota atra, antennis apice rufis exceptis. Marfh. Ent. Brit. T. I. 114. 2. Nicrophorus humator. Olivier. Inf. 2. 10. 8. 4. tab. I. fig. 2. —Fabr. Ent. Syft. T. I. p. 247. n. 2. Derm estes. Geoff. Inf. I. 99, 2. Rare in Britain. This infe6t is fimilar to the fpecies Germanica, but differs in being fmaller, and in having the whole of the clavated part 72 PLATE DXXXVI1. part of the antenna; except the firft joint rufous. The prevailing colour is black inclining to chocolate ; the head, thorax, wing-cafes, extremity of the abdomen and legs, and alfo the whole of the under furface being of this colour. That part of the abdomen above which is covered by the wings and wing-cafes when the infe£i is at reft is teftaceous, and the tip of the abdomen, or tail, the fame but rather darker, FIG. II. SILPHA MORTUORUM, SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Oblong, black ; wing-cafes with a band and fpot of ferruginous : club of the antennas black. Silpha mortuorum : oblonga atra, elytris fafcia maculaque fer. rugineis. Marjh. Ent. Brit. T. I. 115. 4, Nicrophorus mortuorum. Fabr. Ent. Syji. I. a. 248. 5. Nicrophorus vespilloides. Fucjl. Archiv. 89. /. Pollinclor vulgaris minor. Fact. Coleopt. t. 30. 3. Similar to Silpha vefpillo, from which it differs in the following material particulars : it is fmaller than vefpillo : the clavated part of the antennag is black inftead of ferruginous : the rufous orange fpaces ou PLATE DXXXVIL 75 on the wing-cafes inftead of being difpofed in two diftincl; tranfverfe bands form a tingle common band acrofs the middle, and a detached fpot behind on each of the wing-cafes. Sometimes the anterior band is in like manner divided by the furrounding fpace of black into two diftinct reddifh fpots, one on each wing-cafe as in the pofterior part before defcribed, and by that means exhibits altogether four orange fpots, two on each iide. — [t may be laftly added, that the legs are naked in the fpecies mortuorum, while in S. Vefpillo thefe are befet with fulvous down. This infett feeds on carrion and dung, like the other fpecies to which it is clofely allied : Panzer has alio found it in Fungi, vol. xv. L 4>LATE [ 5* ] PLATE XXIII. SILPHA VESPILLO. Double Orange-Band Silpha, Carrion or Beetle, coleoptera. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antenna? clavated, the club perfoliated ; wing-cafes margined : head prominent : thorax fomewhat flattened and margined. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Oblong, black : fhield of the head orbicular and unequal : wing- cafes with two finuate orange or fufcous bands, and the tip of the antennae fufcous. Silpha Vespillo: oblonga altra, clypeo orbiculato inaequali, elytris fafcia duplici ferruginea. Linn. Fn. Suec. 44>4>.—GTnel. Syji. Nat. 16 16. 2. Nicrophorus ater, elytris fafcia duplici ferruginea. Fair. Sp. Inf. 1 . p. 84. n. 2. Dermeftes VefpUlo. Scop. Ent. Cam. S.3. This 52 PLATE XXIII. This fpecies, like mofl other coleopterous infe&s, delights in filth, and is rarely found except in the dung or dead bodies of larger animals, whofe decaying entrails they voracioufly devour. They feed on the larvae of infecls likewife; they fecrete themfelves beneath the furface of the ground, and not unfrequently deftroy each other. The grubs of Silpha Vefpillo are fecreted in holes perforated in the earth by the female, and are to be found in following the track of the k plough- (hare, by which they are turned up in abundance: after remaining for fome time in the grub ftate in the earth they aflume the pupa form, and laftly appear in the winged flate in June or July. About mid-day, when the fun mines, they are found on dry banks, and in path-ways. They fly well by means of the filmy or tranfparent wings which are concealed under the rnort wing-cafes when the infeft is at reft. The male is rather fmaller than the female, and i he orange belts are of a deeper hue : though both male and fe- male vary a little in brightnefs of colour when alive ; they alfo fade in fome degree after death, whatever may be the care of the collector to prevent it. PLATE 53 () C 79 ] PLATE DXXXIX. FIG. I. II. SILPHA SINUATA. SINUATE SILPHA. COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae clavated, the club perfoliated : wing-cafes margined : head prominent : thorax fomewhat flattened and margined. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS. Thorax emarginate and very rough : wing-cafes with three raifed lines, and the tip finuate. SiLPHA SINUATA : thorace emarginate rugofiffimo : elytris lineis elevatis tribus apice finuatis. Marjh. Ent. Brit. T. I. 120. 14. Silpha sii^uata. Fabr. Syji. Ent. 75. 13.— Sp. Inf. I. 88. 1 6. — Ent. Syji. L a. 252. IS.—Gmel. 1622. 56. ]U Bouclier noir a corcelet raboteux. Geoff. I. 1 19. 2. This 80 PLATE DXXXIX. This is a fpecies of moderate fize, allied in habit to Silpha obfcura. The prevailing colour is blackim, inclining to grey, dull and without glofs : the thorax is browniih and rugofe., with a fjlky hue and fome- what filvery. The two fexes are diftinguiftied by the termination of the wing-cafes, this in one being much finuated, and forming a diltincl lobe, the other nearly entire. — This laft mentioned infect is the Silpha opaca of fome writers. PLATE i w 4 -A m C h 3 PLATE LXIII. FIG. t SILPHA THORACIC A. COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae clavated, foliated. Head prominent. Thorax margined, SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Black. Three longitudinal lines on each (hell. Thorax red-brown. Syji. Ent. 73. 6. — Linn. Syji. Nat. 2. 571. 13.— Fn. Sv. 452. — Stroem. Aft. Nidrof. 3. Tab. 6. Silpha. Degeer Inf. 4. 174. 3. Tab. 6. Fig. 70 PLATE LXIIL f i G. II. in. CASSIDA CRUENTATA, COL E0PTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antenna; knotted, enlarging towards the ends. Shells and thorax bordered. Head concealed under the corfelet. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Bright green above, on each fhell near the fcutellum a very bright fanguineous mark. Beneath s body and thighs black. Legs and feet light brown. Is found on verticillated plants and thiftles in May. Although confounded by fome with the common Caflida (C. VU ridis)) it differs very effentially from that infect: it is fmaller; of a deeper green colour, and does not fade to a dirty brown after death ; but the bright fanguineous marks on the fhells are fcarcely vifible in a dead fpecimen ; the former is very common in Mavj but our fpecies is rare. C. Crucniaia has never been either defcribed or figured before. 1 1 a. PLATE LXIII. 71 F I G. IV. SILPHA OBSCURA. CoLEOPTERA. S I L P H A. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Entirely black. Shells punctured ; with three longitudinal lines ©n each. Syji. Ent. 74. II. — Linn. Syji. Nat. 1. 572. 18. — Fn. Sv. 457. — 'Scop. cam. 57. Cassida. Udm. DlfJ~. 8. Very frequent in May : breeds in corn-fields and meadows ; but is found in many other fituations. PLATE # \ [ 43 1 PLATE CCCV1II. STAPHYLINUS ERYTHROPTERUS. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae moniliform. Elytra not half the length of the abdomen. Wings folded, and concealed under the elytra. SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND STNONTMS. Black. Wing-cafes, antennae, and legs red. Staphylinus Erythropterus : ater, elytris, antennarum bafi pedibufque rufis. — Fn. Suec. 842. Grnel. Linn. T. 1. p. 4. p. 2027. /p. 4. Fab hnt. Syji. Degeer. Inf. 4. p. 21. n. 6. S chaff. Elem. tab. 117. '—Icon. tab. 2. fig. 2, Found in general in moift or fandy places. PLATE [ 31 ] PLATE DLII. STAPHYL1NUS HIRTUS. HAIRY STAPHYLINUS, or ROVE-BEETLE. COLEOPTERA. GENERIC CHARACTER. Antennae moniliform: feelers four: wing-cafes half as long as the foody : wings folded up under the wing-cafes : tail armed with a pair of forceps, and furnimed with two exfertile veficles. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. I AND SYNONYMS. Hairy, black : thorax and posterior part of the abdomen yellow. Staphylinus hirtus: hirfutus niger, thorace abdomineque pof- ticeflavis. Linn. Syjl. Nat. 683. 1. — Fn. Suec. 839.—Gmel. Linn. Syjl. 2025. 217- 1. Fabr. fp. inf. 1. p. 334. n. 1. — Mant. Inf. I. p. QlQ.n. 2. Ent. Syjl. 1. b. 519. 2. Staphylinus niger villofus, &c. — Le Staphylin bourdon. Geoffr. Inf. par. I. p. 363. n. 1. Staphylinus bombylius. Degeer 4. 20. 5. Staphylinus hirtus. Marjh. Ent. Brit. T. 1. p. 496. 1. The largeft and molt interefling fpecies of the Staphylinus genus found in this country, and alfo one of the moft uncommon. In St PLATE DLII. In Entomologia Britannica it Hands recorded as a Britim fpecies, and though esteemed rare, it ufually occurs in the beft cabinets. It is faid to inhabit fandy places, and is also found among mofs concealed or lying under ftones. Mr. Comyns has met with it in Devonihire. We once faw it on the wing in a thicket in Coombe Wood, Surrey. PLATE