$yfl« «^j»- f. 047673 (Earnell Ituuctsity Sitbrarg JJlljara. 3Jcm 1$atk FROM THE BEN NO LOEWY LIBRARY COLLECTED BY BENNO LOEWY 1854-1919 BEQUEATHED TO CORNELL UNIVERSITY Cornell University Library HS598.G54 G54 3 1924 030 291 862 olln.anx The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924030291862 SKETCH A INCOKPORATKM OF MASONS tfy %&$ *f ^Imw it %\nt ht^b WITH MUCH CURIOUS AND. USEFUL INFORMATION REGARDING THE TRADES' HOUSE, AND GLASGOW PAST & PRESENT. COMPILED BY JAMES CRUIKSHANK, EX-DEACON OF THE INCORPORATION J PAST MASTER OF THE LODGE : AND PAST PROVINCIAL DEPUTE GRAND MASTER, PROVINCE OF GLASGOW. GLASGOW: PRINTED BY W. M. FERGUSON, 116 ST VINCENT STREET. 1879. ->7 /-fs A. *j26 122 DEACON, COLLECTOE, AND MEIBEES OF THE Htmrrpflqaitxttt of Hasans, dhtsgum* Glasgow, 1st September, 1879. Deacon and Gentlemen, I promised a considerable time ago to revise and issue another edition of the duodecimo which I published in 1858, with reference to the great antiquity of our Incorporation and the Lodge of Glasgow St John, and I beg to apologise for its non-appearance sooner. Pressure of business, and then absence abroad and indifferent health, prevented me from fulfilling my promise earlier. Many of you are aware that in 1858, in arranging the Bye-Laws of the Lodge (with which we were for centuries connected) for publication, I took the opportunity of compiling a few historical remarks as to its antiquity. My chief reason for doing so was, that I found that since the Lodge joined the Grand Lodge, and agreed to admit other than operative Masons, large numbers of new members were admitted, who knew little or nothing as to its history. At our stated meetings (most of which I attended in these days) I found I was, with few exceptions, almost the only one of the older members present, and formed as it were a connecting link betwixt the older generation passing away and the new one coming in; and as I had, since I entered in 1841, taken much interest in the affairs of both Lodge and Incorporation, and had DEDICATORY PREFACE. obtained a good deal of inf formation relative to both, I thought it well that it should be preserved and handed down, and therefore had it published in a pamphlet of some 36 pages, along with the Bye-Laws of the Lodge. The number of copies was limited to a few hundreds, and I find that, for a good many years, it has been out of print. I therefore take this opportunity of revising and publishing another edition, and of adding to its usefulness, by embracing in its pages a great deal of diffused information selected from various sources. I may state, that the remarks I made in the former little work, brought out a great deal of criticism. The genuineness of the old Charter was questioned by some and denied by others; this I will go into bye and bye. Meantime I may state, that I have added to this edition very lengthy extracts from the oldest existing Minute-Book of the Incorporation, of date 1600 to 1681, and for this I am deeply indebted to Mr William H. Hill, writer (of Messrs Hill, Davidson & Hoggan), who, at very great labour, extracted the Notanda, which was very difficult to do from the peculiar style of the characters and con- tractions of that period. This Notanda will be most interesting to the members of the Incorporation. I have also added to the work a copy of the Charter by the Magistrates to the Incorpation of 1551 ; also some extracts from the History of Freemasonry, by the late Bro. Wm. Alexander Laurie, for many years secretary to the Grand Lodge, in which he admits our date of 1057. I have also inserted the present Bye-Laws of the Incorporation and Lodge, and the names of the builders in Glasgow in 1824, and the number of Masons employed by them in that year, when Blythswood square was being erected. The more prominent of our public buildings, and the dates of then- erection and names of the builders, where this could be obtained. The more pro- minent streets and dates, when they were opened. The opening of the Forth and Clyde and Monkland Canals. Notes on the Biver and Harbour, Steamers, &c. List of the Kings and Queens of Scotland from the time of Fergus. The Lord Provosts of Glasgow. The Bishops, &c. Statements of the capital, income, and expenditure of the Trades' House and Incorporations, Merchants' House and Hutchesons' Hospital, with lengthy extracts from the late Mr Crawfurd's work on the Trades' House, &c. Extracts from the late Dr Strang's Clubs of DEDICATORY PREFACE. V. Glasgow. And several other Notanda, all of which, I am sure, will be interesting to the members. I now beg especially to offer the follow- ing evidence as to the antiquity of the Incorporation and Lodge: — 1st. The indication of the existence of the Masonic Fraternity in Scotland is had from the masons' marks on the ancient buildings. Perhaps the most distinct now extant being those on the round tower of Brechin, believed to have been erected about the year 1020. 2nd. The building, or rather restoring the old Cathedral in Glasgow in 1057, which is believed to have then got into a state of decay. 3rd. The re-building of the Cathedral by Prince, afterwards King David, about 1115, — consecrated in the year 1133, when, without doubt, the same Glasgow Lodge were tho builders. 4th. The re-building of the Cathedral again about 1181 (the former one having been destroyed by fire) ; and the Charter granted by William the Lion to Bishop Joceline and the fraternity engaged at the building, which was undoubtedly the same fraternity (the Glasgow Lodge), chartered for the restoring of the first one in the previous century. There is no dispute or doubt as to this Charter by William the Lion — it is a matter of history, and appears in various works. 5th. The Cathedral is said to have been largely added to during the time of Bishop Bondington, between the years 1233-1258. In 1387, when Mathew Glendinning was bishop, the great wooden spire was destroyed by lightning ; and in 1408 his successor, Wm. Lauder, built the great tower with stone as far as the first battlement. He also founded the vestry, when our fraternity would again be engaged there. 6th. From the fact of the exclusive privileges granted to the Crafts of Glasgow, and which were exclusively held by them till within the last thirty years (when they were abolished by Act of Parliament), so that no other Lodge or body of craftsmen could erect buildings in Glasgow, and none other have ever laid claim to the building of our Cathedral. 7th. The Charter by the Magistrates of Glasgow to the Incorporation in 1551, already referred to, is still in our possession, and in flue con- dition. 8th. The old Minute Book, commencing in the year 1600 and end- ing in 1681, is also in our possession, and in good condition. 9th. The Charter by the Masons of Scotland to Sir William St Clair, VI. DEDICATOET PREFACE. appointing him Grand Master Mason of Scotland in 1628, was signed by John Boyd, Deacon of the Incorporation of Masons in that year, and who was also (as usual) Master of our Lodge. It is also signed by Robert Boyd, one of the Masters, and by Robert Caldwell, who was afterwards Deacon of the trade in 1633. These three signed the Charter for the Lodge of Glasgow St John. 10th. A Charter or Seal of Cause from the Magistrates in 1616, and another again in 1657, are both still in our possession. And in a Minute in the books of the Town Council of Glasgow, of date 15th March, 1626, it is there stated, that the foundation-stone of the Tolbooth was that day laid by the Lodge of Glasgow. The names of the masons are mentioned in this minute, and they correspond with the names of the masons on our roll of the Lodge or Incorporation, as is seen from our old Minute Book of 1600-1681. It is to be regretted that our Lodge did not attend at the constitut- ing of the Grand Lodge in 1736, and have claimed and taken up then their proper position. But they were not singular in that respect, for I find that the old Lodge St John, Melrose, who claims to have existed from the building of Melrose Abbey, was also absent at the constitu- tion of the Grand Lodge, and have not joined even yet. Prom the ample evidence I have adduced, those lodges and parties who opposed our getting our proper place, or who did not admit our great antiquity, and those few parties who do not admit the old charter of 1057 to be genuine, may well reconsider the matter, as this evidence is calculated to convince the most sceptical, even if the old charter was not a bona fide document, but only a copy. "We can quite well afford to let them call it anything they like, as there is abundant and undoubted evidence besides. The Mother Kilwinning claims existence from the founding of their Abbey in 1140, and Mary's Chapel from the founding of Holyrood in 1128, and this is generally conceded them ; with how much more reason are we not entitled to claim our existence from the building or re- storing of our first Cathedral in 1057, seeing that the Lodge of that period was again confirmed by the Charter of William the Lion, at the re-building of it in 1181 ? This was really connecting the previous masonic body of 1057 with that of 1182, and this is what the Kilwinning DEDIOATOEY PREFACE. VII. and Mary's Chapel cannot show. They have no such evidence to connect their original Lodges with the more modern ones of the 17th century. It has been suggested that there is a want of sufficient evi- dence to bring down our connection with the original Lodge, but from the evidence I have already advanced, and from the fact that the Cathedral was for centuries unfinished (like many other both in this country and on the continent), the fraternity may be said to have been only for limited periods absent from it, either in building or in restoring, during the 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th, and 15th centuries. The dates of building or restoring come so close upon each other during all this period, that it was impossible that the fraternity of the Glas- gow Lodge could have got out of sight, or given place to a strange body; and this is the only period there is any doubt about, for in 1551 we got the Charter from the Magistrates, which we still hold. We may, therefore, well claim to be — and I have no doubt at all that we are — not only the oldest Lodge in this country, but I should say in the world! In my travels round the world in 1874-5, 1 could hear of no ancient Lodges, and I was very sorry to find that at Jerusalem there is only one Lodge, and quite a modern one. The office-bearers tried to get up a meeting to receive me, but there were too many of them absent from the city, and no meeting could be had. With reference to the old Lodge St John, Melrose, they claim to have existed since the founding of Melrose Abbey in 1136. I am told they have records going back nearly 300 years. There is, therefore, a competition be- twixt them and the Mary's Chapel as to the building of the Abbey of Melrose. It is just possible, however, that they may have been part and parcel of the Mary's Chapel, and at the finishing of the Abbey they may have split off and remained at Melrose, while Mary's Chapel returned to Edinburgh : it is impossible to say, however. On the other hand, Mary's Chapel hold that the masons who afterwards formed their Lodge, were brought from Strasbourg to build Holyrood Abbey in 1128, and that they travelled southward to Kelso and Melrose, and built those Abbeys in 1128 and 1136; but I may be allowed to suggest that if they were engaged with Holyrood in 1128, their hands would be full enough without Kelso in the same year. Another argument may be taken from this in favour of our Lodge being the builders of Till. DEDICATOET PEBFACB. our Cathedral in the 11th and 12th centuries, while the Melrose Lodge and Mary's Chapel both claim the building of Kelso and Melrose. We have never yet heard of any other old masonic body laying claim to the building of our Cathedral. It may be worth noticing here, also, as a noble feature in favour of our Glasgow craftsmen, that not only were they the builders of the Cathedral, but they were also its preservers. At the Reformation, when there was a wholesale destruction of those noble edifices through- out the country, and wrecking and pulling down everything that savoured of Popery, and when the populace were about to attack and wreck our beautiful Cathedral, the Craftsmen stood forward boldly in a body, and fortunately prevented its destruction. A word more as to Mother Kilwinning, I hold that she has no right to the title of Mother, and that she is not in her proper place on the roll of Grand Lodge. From all the evidence I have been able to find on the subject, I am of opinion that Mary's Chapel must have existed before Kilwinning. This surely must appear evident to all disin- terested parties versed in these matters, seeing that Holyrood, Kelso, and Melrose Abbeys were founded respectively in the years 1128 and 1136, while the Abbey of Kilwinning was certainly not founded before 1140. In fact from the style of the architecture of the oldest portion of it, architects of eminence hold that it belongs to the thirteenth century. I am, Deacon and Gentlemen, Yours faithfully, JAMES CRUIKSHANK. CONTENTS. Architects and Measurers in Glasgow in 1825, ... ... ... 196 Ancient Canoes Found, ... ... ... ... ... 274 Banks, ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 275 Bob Dragon, ... ... ... ... ... ... 318 Bridges, ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 256 Builders in Glasgow in 1824, ... ... ... . ... 76 Buildings, Older ones, ... ... ... ... ... 238 Burgess' Oath, ... ... ... ... ... ... 356 Cathedral of Glasgow — its Builders, ... ... ... ... 43 Campbells of Blythswood, ... ... ... ... ... 313 Canals, ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 260 Charters to the Incorporation, &c, ... ... ... ... l Charges to Craftsmen, ... ... ... ... ... 22 City Improvement Scheme, &c., ... ... ... ... 349 Clubs of Glasgow in Olden Time, ... ... ... ... 326 Correspondence with Grand Lodge, ... ... ... ... 6 Craftsmen Associated (Incorporations), ... ... ... 103 Deacon-Conveners of Trades' House, ... ... ... ... 233 Early Scottish Lodges, ... ... ... ... ... 46 Entry-Money to the Incorporation, ... ... ... ... 178 X. CONTENTS. Page Freemasonry, Notes on, ... ... ... ... 12 Gorbal Lands, &c, ... ... ... ... ... ■•• 133 Houses, Occupied and Unoccupied, ... ... ... ... 287 Hutchesons' Hospital, ... ... ... ... ... 207 Kings of Scotland, ... ... ... ... ... ... 225 Lodge of Glasgow St John — Past Masters from 1851, ... ... 99 Do. do. — Bye-laws, ... ... ... 183 Lord Provosts of Glasgow to date, ... ... ... ... 231 Merchants' House, ... ... ... ... ... ... 197 Measurement of Mason Work, Rules for, ... ... ... 187 Military Affairs, ... ... ... ... ... ... 295 Masons, Incorporation of, Early Records, ... ... ... 52 Do. Deacons from 1600 to 1680, ... ... ... ... 57 Do. do. from 1680 to 1879, ... 96 Do. Income and Expenditure, ... ... ... ... 74 Do. Bye-laws or Rules, ... ... ... ... ... 175 Do. Roll of the Members in 1824, ... ... ... ... 94 Masons' Hours and Wages in Old Times, ... ... ... 100 Mails and Expresses, ... ... ... ... ... ... 308 Newspapers, ... ... ... ... ... ... 279 Old Oak Chest of 1684— Lodge St John, ... ... ... 40 Post-Offlce, ... ... ... 280 Police, ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 288 CONTENTS. XI. Rental of Glasgow, ... River and Harbour Revenue, &c, Robert M50 WW to ■<(< ^(NOOiCOlO^WCQWO : Oi CM ; CO t^ t* PtO CO f— ( W i— 1 TT i— I "*# i— t i— 1 t> qM 00 1 fQ©l0'OHi>^OO«N«00OHO O 5 > • Ojco^Oiioaoooosiot^co^fioio^ i-H CD P3 00 rH r-l r-l r-H r-H r-H r-l r-4 NHHOHI>ifl©(»«b-J>O(N00 w inc^asoJr-i-HcocOTpcor--CMeocM<>- N H N 5j r-H ■* la in EH eq «? fH ^ CDtOr-HOOt-^OOlOOOOO lO ! ^ ^COOSr-'COb-GOCOCOCMCOiCCftTh _ >— ' i "ooHioNoeortHmoooiWciH CO Ctf (MC^OOCDlo^H^Mr-TP> © 1C CO *C r-H CD GO CS I"- I> CO CO CM £^ CO 1 C^ Tt< CN -H CS^CO (NCO CO CM j* cm o H (-H M^ 'Q CD CO CO O t* ^ CO 00 i> ■«* CO O i-h T? )— t Pgg, o£ CO iO Ci O CO CO CO iO JD- O CO »OCOtH IN r— 1 r-H i-H r— f , — I , — I . — I i-H; f-H e>« g IC CO CM CO IT- CO O C- O CD CO * CO CO CO «5 g COT* lO CM CO © rH t- CO CM I>> r-H CM ^*C0 W CM —< CM CM r-H CM CM CO ■<# r— 1 Ol g «J ■§ 'eoooooooooooo o 03% ojOOOOOOiOOOOOlt) o p— i r— i r—i i-h ; ; f~ < •s ^ • CM CO lO CO C5 CO CO W CO CD CO CO a* ^* r-l CM CO CM CO r-H CMpHrHrH f-H •* 9 aT s © 09 o Pi 6 W ; M l3 s § Trades' an Incorpo. re '- HHE- ri fl « ^ S (h fj 5 d) » fa eS ©** OuSt*. « . E" 2J to O Q3 ft PI owe 1 ■* THE TRADES' HOUSE. 121 aj m H J I* - -I a 1 £3 • 5.2 £ a * s lis §■13 »-t MH r-l rH i-H r-t rH ^ rH p-H rH rH to CO © ^ CO CO O ^* t-> ft ift f, io rH COrH<-HCOlOrHrH©I>©OJ ©t^lOt».CDt^OlC0C0lMl^C0I>C0 ^lCOTt.«n>ocsoi>>ocDOr-i co os as *a qo f ^ ~> «j to r- n oo ia r- —* *- -" " ■ — N -.p-Ht^»-H©. CO CD CO CD iO TP lO 1£3 OS OJHOOlOH^lHOl>^J>CO^(rH ^ «(MCD©XO . t>>CO CN COQOCO IC i-( 00 i-H CO CD OlQ ©tM"# OOOCM l& CO U*J CO ©r-coos cd THI>Ol>H jr--«^ oo io Oi ©4 CO lO rH ^OCOQOIMHO© ■^ CO « CD CO 00 -^ (JHt>IOfflCOTflQ ^* £-- f- !>• CO « CO OS ^ CM (N CO ^h OS ©©>t-r ©GOI>i-h CO i— I CS OS CO w > i -a §3 .9 -9 „, « .9 E? I* a CO o r- a CO f .9 A .a CL 13 M S3 a 3 d -0 «8 00 HJ, w fe -fl £ 3 -0' T3 03 -2 4) i s ^3 ,D T! O 0) O CO fr 1 O *3 3 124 THE FUNDS OF g m * 3 0? [SI O O -*| ou £ Q N W w H a « H O M Ph H PJ <1 O u u H a (1 I o e a « <) & P< o r/7 PR IZi E3 O H-( r/) H fc O Ph BO r^-^OOOOOOOOOOOOOO ■* . 00 -^ 04 o ©eo ^1000»00b'COO^©iflrttSO(Nt^O CO '"OCONiOt^^lOn^MOOlN oi > IHE^NiHH CO 00 p-H lO CD *- CO CO CO [CD(Ni-(CN 'co 2S6FS ®'2 ^ M 53 ooo © Sal 8.2 S u a> H » i°2° ; 00 ; P* & 14 "ooir^i-t 'O OO CO i-H CO CO >"-t 1 r^ oooooooeooooooto i . IiGOOlO OOOOir-OlO OOb ^ — — 1 03 *H 1— < 05 r» oooooooeoorooooto . : m oowoooos-^ owoot> 00 ; i-H rH f-H 4J 1 " rt 1» (N >0 CO CO CO IN Tt< ^ WS >f tf of OP 1 * •3 O i ■a "3 .3 .9 s THE trades' house. 125 Particulars as to Entries. Hammermen. — All entrants, except those at far hand, pay simple interest at 5 per cent, for each year of their age above 25. Tailors, — Far hand entrants who can make an essay, only pay £20 instead of £30 ; and sons and sons-in-law who can make an essay, can enter for £3 3s. Booked men who have served members under indentures for two years, are enrolled for £12. Far hand entrants above 35 years of age, and booked men, apprentices, sons, and sons-in-law above 30 years of age, pay 5 per cent., and com- pound interest in addition. Cordiners. — Entrants over 25 years of age pay 5 per cent, and compound interest. Maltmen. — Entrants at far hand over 40 years of age pay £5 extra. Near hand entrants pay compound interest over 25 years. Weavers. — Interest added when entrant is over 30 years of age. Bakers. — No fixed fee now at far hand, but the fee gives the entrant an interest in the flour mills and ground at Partick. Skinners. — Interest added when over 25 years of age. Coopers. — Interest added when over 25 years of age. Fleshers. — Sons and apprentices double fees, if over 40 years. Masons. — -Entrants at near hand pay compound interest at 5 per cent, over 30 years of age, and those at far hand after 40 years. Gardeners. — Far hand entrants pay 5s for each year they are over 40 years ; and near hand entrants pay 2s 6d for each year over 30. Barbers. — Sons, sons-in-law, and apprentices pay 2| per cent, for every year over 25, and far hand entrants pay 5 per cent, with compound interest. Pensions. The following Incorporations, in addition to usual pensions to decayed members and widows, pay also pensions to daughters, viz., Tailors, £16 16s. Bakers, £8 to £15. The Tailors and Skinners only pay to their pendicle members £10 per annum. The Masons pay to their poorer widows sums of £2 to £4 per annum over and above the usual pensions. 126 THE ALMSHOUSE. CHAPTER XV. THE ALMSHOUSE.* In the meredian splendour of the Eoman Catholic Church, the Archbishop of Glasgow was surrounded by thirty-two rectors and prebends, each of whom had a manse in the neighbourhood of the palace of his reverence. Those manses were situated in the Kirk- gate, High street, Drygate, and Kottenrow; and M'Ure states that the manse of the Kector of Moorbottle, Archdeacon of Teviot- dale, which was situated in Kirk street, became the property of the Trades' House, t Mr Innes, in his valuable work, states that " St Nicholas Hos- pital or almshouse, near the bishop's castle and palace, commonly said to have been founded by Bishop Andrew Muirhead, 1455-73, was endowed with lands, houses, and annuities, within the city and its territory. In 1476, it was called Hospitale Pauperum; in 1487, Hospitale Glasguense; afterwards, and in 1507, it was styled Hospitale Sancte Nicholai." J Queen Mary granted to the Provost, Bailies, and community of Glasgow "the lands, - % 1st February, 1847. § 10th May, 1847. 142 THE LANDS OF perty was indispensable to make the former purchases available for any good purpose. The House proposed that the several incorporations should take shares in those purchases, on the principle acted upon in the division of the Gorbal lands; but all of them declined to take shares, excepting the incorporations of Coopers and Masons ; and the House resolved to hold the whole lands for its own exclusive use. The committee offered by public advertisement three prizes, amounting to £100, for competing plans for laying out the lands, and paid those prizes, although not one of the plans lodged was suitable. A plan was also prepared by Mr Gale, the surveyor for the House, but it was not adopted as the permanent feuing plan. The following resolutions were from time to time recommended by the committee, and adopted by the House : — 1. Sauchiehall street shall be continued westward through the lands, seventy-five feet wide.* 2. The building front to Dumbarton road, shall be situated five feet north of the present line of that road.* 3. The title-deeds to the feuars shall prohibit the erection of steam engines and the usual nuisances ; and in so far as regards the ground situated to the east of the westmost street, running north and south, shall prohibit granaries, churches, and schools.* 4. The ground, on being feued, shall be measured into the centre of the street, or the cost of the street shall be laid on the building ground.* 5. The House shall, as soon as convenient, make a common sewer in, and pave the line of Sauchiehall street,* afterwards named Sandyford street. 6. The cost of making the sewers and forming the streets shall be charged to the feuars, in proportion to the extent of the front of their steadings.* 7. The buildings along the road into Kelvingrove, in so far as * 28th September, 1849. KELVINBANK AND SANDYFORD. 143 situated to the north of Sauohiehall street, shall be built close up to the west side of that road or street.* 8. As feus are taken off, the streets opposite to them shall be paved, and the sewers constructed, and the expenses allocated on the feus.* 9. In the view of making a commencement, the ground situated along Sandyford street, and between it and Dumbarton road, shall be offered at fifteen shillings a square yard — the ground of the street not to be included in the measurement ; but the ground of the meuse lane shall be included.* 10. The ground along the west side of the road into Kelvin- grove, in so far as situated to the north of Sauchiehall street, shall not be feued in the meantime ; and right of access along the pro- posed streets shall not be given, until an arrangement for access into the adjoining properties shall be made with their owners.* 11. The ground along the north side of Sandyford street, shall be feued at a price not less than seventeen shillings a square yard.t 12. The ground situated between Kelvingrove road and the first street west of it, and the ground situated to the north of the meuse lane, immediately north of Sandyford street, shall not be feued in the meantime.! Under those resolutions the following lots of the ground were sold and feued in 1851 and 1852 : — In 1852— Feuduty. Sum. 1. Two lots extending to 2627 square yards, bounded by Dumbarton road on the south, were sold at 15s a square yard, under a small feuduty payable to Mr Campbell of Blythswood, to Thomas Lucas Paterson, for £1970 10 2. One lot, containing 3286 square yards, bounded by Dumbarton road on the south, was sold to James Couper for 2723 1 * 3rd July, 1850. t U& September, 1851. 144 THE LANDS OF Feuduty. Sum. Brought forward, £4693 11 3. One lot, containing 3761 square yards, bounded on the north by Sandyford street, feued to David Yuile at 15s, converted into a feuduty of £141 10 DuplicationatMartinmas 1871, and every nineteenth year thereafter. 4. One lot, containing 3276 square yards, bounded on the south by Dumbarton road, was feued to Hugh Kennedy at 15s, converted into a feuduty of 122 17 DuplicationatMartinmasl871, and every nineteenth year thereafter. 5. One lot, containing 3761 square yards, bounded on the north by Sandyford street, was feued to Charles and John Malloch at 15s, converted into a feuduty of 141 1 Duplication at Whitsunday 1871, and every nineteenth year thereafter. In 1853— 6. One lot, containing 3970 square yards, bounded by Dumbarton road on the south, was feued to William York at 15 s, under the burden of a ground rent of £54 12s 6d. Feuduty, £148 17s 6d, deduct that £54 12s 6d, 94 5 Duplication at Whitsunday 1871, and every nineteenth year thereafter. £499 13 £4693 11 KELVINBANK AND SANDYFOED. 145 The six lots thus sold and feued comprehend the whole ground situated between Sandyford street and Dumbarton road. Those lots extend to 20,681 square yards, and produced £15,510 15s, partly paid in money, and partly converted at 5 per cent, into feu- duties ; and those sales very materially lessened the pressure upon the funds of the House. Notwithstanding those sales, however, interest at 5 per cent., to the amount of £14,233 7s lid, without accumulation, is left unprovided for, and must be added to the balance of the prices paid by the House for the lands, and thus the present cost to the House is £33,519 13s 4d for the lands re- maining undisposed of, as is shown by the subjoined state : — State of the Pbice of the Lands, Including Interest at S per Cent., calculated Yearly, but not accumulated. Till September, 1846. To price of Kebrinbank, bearing interest from 11th November, 1845, - £19,640 To price of Sandyford, bearing interest also from that date, - ' 10,192 1 To repaid labour and seed for sowing lands with wheat, and sundry repairs on houses, 23 10 To interest till 1st September, 1846, - £1,201 9 Till 1st September, 1847. To price of Carmichael's property, bearing interest from 15th May, 1847, 2,476 13 6' To charges paid as to title, - 23 Interest. Prices. Amount of the prices paid, To interest, £1529 12 11 To repairs, rates, &c, 106 6 10 1,347 2 11 32,355 100 52 4 6 £1635 19 9 By rents and price of wheat sold, 288 16 10 Till 1st September, 1848. To paid three prizes for competing plans, To paid towards expense of title, To interest, £1623 16 1 To feu-duty, repairs, taxes, &c, 146 9 Carryforward, £1769 16 10 £2,548 11 11 £32,507 4 6 10 146 THE LANDS OP Interest. Prices. Carried forward, £1769 16 10 £2,548 11 11 £32,507 4 6 By rents, 216 6 1,553 10 10 Till 1st September, 18Jfi. To paid John McDonald for bond by the House to William Rae Wilson, 145 18 7 To interest, £1630 17 3 To feu-duty, repairs, taxes, &c, 202 5 4 £1833 2 7 By rents, 367 3 9 1,465 18 10 Till 1st September, 1850. To paid expense of completing titles, 102 19 To interest, £1636 7 3 To feu-duty, repairs, rates, &c, 173 15 10 £1810 3 1 By rents, 380 18 1,429 5 1 Till 1st September, 1851. To interest, £1636 12 8 To feu-duty, repairs, taxes, &c, 110 1 £1746 13 8 By rents, 341 8 4 Till lit September, 1852. By cash from T. L. Paterson, as the price of lot sold to him, £1970 By cash for old materials, 225 18 5 By cash further for materials, 77 10 To interest, £1610 To feu-duty, repairs, taxes, &c, 140 3 10 1,405 5 4 32,756 2 1 2,273 8 5 30,482 13 8 £1750 3 10 By feu-duties and rents, 399 14 1 1,350 9 9 Till 1st September, 1853. By cash from James Couper, as price of lot sold to him, 2,723 1 Carryforward, £9,753 1 9 £27,759 12 8 KELVINBANK AND SANDYFOKD. 147 Interest. Prices. Carried forward, £9,753 1 9 £27,759 12 8 To paid for forming and laying large sewage pipes, and causewaying the streets, 1,141 12 To interest, - £1455 1 6 To feu-duty, repairs, taxes, &c, 114 15 8 £1569 17 2 By feu-duties and rents, 835 9 1 734 8 1 Till 1st September, 185$. To balance of expense of sewage pipes and causewaying streets, 215 10 9 To paid towards fee for superintending that work, 100 To paid arbiters' fees, in dispute with the contractor, 7 10 To interest, £1450 3 2 To feu-duties, repairs, taxes, &c, 189 2 £1639 5 2 By feu-duties and rents, 649 2 9 990 2 5 Till 1st September, 1855. To paid for superintending the formation of the streets, in full, 55 To interest, £1460 19 3 To feu-duties, rates, taxes, &c, 75 1 7 £1536 10 By Feu-duties and rents, 648 5 6 887 15 4 Till 1st September, 1856. To interest, £1462 15 9 To feu-duty, taxes, &c, 76 2 2 £1538 17 11 By feu-duties and rents, 618 5 6 Till 1st September, 1857. To interest, £1463 19 3 To feu-duty, taxes, &c, 119 14 2 £1583 13 5 By feu-duties and rents, 636 5 6 920 12 5 947 7 11 Carryforward, £14,233 7 11 £29,279 5 5 148 LANDS OF KELVINBANK AND SANDYFORD. Interest. Prices. Carried forward, £14,233 7 11 £29,279 5 5 Amount of interest from 11th November, 1845, till 1st September, 1857, remaining unpaid, without accumulation, after deduct- ing the ground rents, and all revenue raised, 14,233 7 11 £43,512 13 4 Deduct value of the feuduties, amounting to £499 13s, payable out of 14,768 square yards feued, and relief from the ground rent of £54 12s 6d, 9,993 The cost to the House of 38,475 square yards, available for building purposes, is, £33,519 13 4 Or 17s 5d each square yard, excluding streets. This shows how unproductive lands are increased in price when held for a number of years, by adding the interest to the purchase price. The property was bought at rather high a figure for so large a quantity, and proved a heavy burden to the Trades' House for many years after 1857, as there was no feuing going on. A few years ago, however, a demand sprung up, and the remainder of the ground was got feued on better terms. The ground is now all feued, and the House is again in possession of large funds, which has enabled them recently to increase the pensions and the number of pensioners to some extent, besides instituting a con- siderable number of bursaries for scholarships, &c. It was, how- ever, most unfortunate for them that they lost the purchase of the Stobcross estate. It was bought at something like 3s 6d a square yard, and has turned out to be a very valuable acquisition to the purchasers. The same may be said of the estate of Plantation, south side, which was proposed should be acquired by the House just before Mr M'Lean purchased it. As to the Gorbal lands, they were acquired so long ago, and at a mere trifle, that they have yielded great wealth to the Incorpora- tions. But the House was not very judicious in the disposal of them, for they commenced to feu rapidly at prices ranging from Is 6d to 4s per yard, instead of holding on for ten or twenty years longer, which they could easily have done, seeing that they had GOOD AND PIOUS USES. 149 been bought at such a trifling sum. Had they been held another twenty years, they could have been sold for three or four times the amount they brought. Hutchesons' Hospital were more judicious with their ground; they did not push it into the market; the result is, they have got three times the price the Trades' House got, and they have still a large quantity to feu. The lands of Cowlairs and Barrowfield (in the east end) were sold under very much the same conditions — the Town and the House having sold them in the lump not very long after they bought them. Had they been kept, a large annual revenue might have been produced from their sale, as they were purchased on very advantageous terms. — Ed. CHAPTER XIX. GOOD AND PIOUS USES.* The following contributions have been made by the House for good and pious uses : — 1777.— December 30. Contributed towards the expense of raising a battalion of men for the service of the King, during the American war, £500 1790.— February 25. Contributed towards the expense of opposing the police bill promoted by the Magistrates, for conferring power on them to assess the inhabitants, but excluding the ratepayers from the management of the rates, 100 Carryforward, £600 * See Crawfurd's Sketch of the Trades' House, pp. 247-252. 150 GOOD AND PIOUS USES. Carried forward, £600 1791.— August 29. Contributed towards building the Glasgow Royal Infirmary, 400 1799. — November. Advanced £500 to purchase meal, to be re-sold to the inhabitants at low prices during the prevailing famine ; £425 of this sum was re- paid from the sales ; and again, in October, 1800, applied in purchasing grain to be re- sold at low prices, 500 1803.— September 1. Contributed towards a general fund for aiding to clothe the trades' battalion of volunteers, offered to and accepted by the government, during the war with France, 500 1804.— January 31. The following additional contributions for the trades' battalion were reported as made by — The Hammermen, £100 TheMaltmen, 100 The Coopers, 40 TheFleshers, 100 340 1805.— October 1. Contributed towards building the Glasgow Lu- natic Asylum, 250 1809.— July 11. Contributed towards the expense of a survey for a railway from the Monkland canal to Berwick- on-Tweed, 21 1810.— May 14. Contributed towards building the church and spire of Gorbals, 105 1811.— May 21. Contributed towards the relief of British prison- ers in France, 20 Carryforward, £2736 GOOD AND PIOUS USES. 151 Carried forward, £2736 1815.— October 11. Contributed towards erecting additional build- ings for the Glasgow Eoyal Infirmary, 200 1818.— October 15. Contributed towards the expense of building the Fever Hospital, 52 10 1819.— August 13. Contributed towards the relief of the unemploy- ed workmen, 105 1822.— August 2. Appointed a deputation to present an address to His Majesty George IV., on visiting Edin- burgh, and resolved to pay the expenses — not to exceed £300. The expense afterwards was fixed at £210 for the Trades' House, £210 for the Merchant House, and £1000 from the Magistrates and Town Council, 210 1824.— February 2. Contributed towards the expense of erecting the monument to John Knox, 50 1824. — December 24. Contributed towards the expense of erecting the monument to James Watt, 100 1826.— May 19. Contributed for the relief of the industrious poor, 300 1827.— September 18. Contributed towards the expense of erecting the Asylum for the Blind — the House to have the power of recommending inmates, 300 1829.— July 14. Agree to give to the incorporation of Tailors to assist them in their litigation with M'Kenna, 50 1829.— February 23. Contributed as a share of the expense of oppos- Carry forward, £4103 10 152 GOOD AND PIOUS DSES. Carried forward, £4103 10 ing the bill promoted by the Magistrates and Council, for annexing the lands of Blythswood to the royalty, 246 2 A suspension having been raised against the re- solution to oppose this bill and debated, the sus- penders, on 4th June, agreed to withdraw it and pay their own expenses, provided the House should not press for payment of their expenses. 1831. — Contributed £21 to the Mechanics' Institu- tion, and £10 10s further, upon that institu- tion agreeing to give four tickets yearly to the House for boys in the Trades' School. On 24th January, the institution agreed to give six free tickets yearly, and the House paid, 31 10 1831.— September 13. Contributed to Anderson's University — the House to have right to send students to the classes stated in the application, 50 1831.— December 19. Contributed in aid of the objects of the board of health for the city, 200 1833.— January 28. Contributed towards the expense of transcribing the records of the Presbytery of Glasgow, from 1592 to 1690, 21 1833. — May to September. Paid the expense of opposing the burgh reform bill, and securing the rights of the Trades' House under it, 650 15 1834.— January 14. Contributed towards building the House of Eefuge, 200 1834.— February 12. Contributed towards the expense of opposing the bill promoted by the two water companies to unite them and extinguish competition,... 100 Carryforward, £5602 17 GOOD AND PIOUS USES. 153 Carried forward, £5602 17 1835.— March 10. Contributed to oppose the second bill promoted by the water companies to unite and extin- guish competition in the supply of water, ... . 100 1837.— May 8. Paid towards the expense of the opposition to the municipal bill promoted by the Magistra- tes and Town Council, 51 1 1838.— May 21. Agreed to contribute £2 2s a-year to the Uni- versity Lying-in Hospital and Dispensary, re- serving right to withdraw this grant. The Glasgow Lying-in Hospital is paid £2 2s a- year on the same terms. 1840.— March 31. Contributed towards the expense of erecting a House of Eefuge for destitute females, 100 1842. — January 4. Contributed towards the expense of the survey for the Caledonian Eailway from Glasgow to Carlisle, 50 1842.— July 28. Contributed towards the relief of the unemploy- ed operatives, 100 Donation to the Dyers, 50 1842.— August 25. Expense of the deputation to Edinburgh, with an address to the Queen, on Her Majesty's visit to Scotland, 92 2 1845.— September 25. Contributed towards the expense of building the Hospital of the Old Man's Friend Society, ... 105 1846.— September. Expense of opposition to the bill to abolish the exclusive privileges of this year, 50 Carryforward, £6301 154 GOOD AND PIOUS USES. Carried forward, £6301 1847.— March 13. Paid Messrs George and Thomas Webster, soli- citors in London, for opposing the following bills in Parliament : — Caledonian Railway bill, £10 10 Pollok and Govan Railway bill, 11 9 Caledonian termini bill, 17 17 Bill for abolishing the exclusive privileges, 58 15 Municipal police and statute labour biU, 368 Paid John M'Donald, writer, Glasgow, for opposition to the municipal and statute labour bill, 45 511 11 1854.— November 14. Contributed to the patriotic fund, for the relief of the widows and children of soldiers serving in the British army who should be killed in action, during the war with Russia, 300 The following additional sums were contributed by the incorporations : — The Hammermen, £150 The Tailors, 200 The Cordiners, 100 The Maltmen, 500 The Weavers, 100 The Bakers, 100 The Skinners, 200 The Wrights, 100 The Coopers, 150 The Fleshers, 50 The Masons, 50 The Gardeners, 20 Carryforward, £1720 £7112 11 GOOD AND PIOUS USES. 155 Carried forward, £1720 £7112 11 The Barbers, 25 The Dyers, 1745 The sums subscribed by the Trades' House and incorporations amounted, collectively, to £2045, being a larger sum than was sub- scribed by any individual or corporation in Great Britain, excepting the Crystal Palace Company, which subscribed£2500. The following were the other leading sub- scriptions : — The Queen, £1000 ; the In- dia Company, £1000 ; the Bank of Eng- land, £2000; the Corporation of London £2000; Lloyds, £2000. 1856.— May 13. Agreed to contribute towards the expense of fit- ting up one of the large windows of the Cathe- dral of Glasgow with painted glass, 500 This window was not put in, because the committee on the Cathedral windows refused to allow the House to employ British artists. 1857-8. — Eelief of unemployed, 100 1859-60. — To form Buchanan Industrial Institution, 300 1 862-3. — Prince Consort Memorial, 50 1866-71. — University of Glasgow, 750 1873-4. — Bengal Famine Fund, 200 1875-6.— Western Infirmary, 1000 1876-7.— Indian Famine Fund, 250 1876-7. — University of Glasgow (new buildings),... 1000 £13,007 11 This total of £13,007 is over and above numerous smaller sums for various purposes, varying from £2 2s to £15 15s, which the Trades' House contributes yearly to good and pious purposes in connection with our charitable and other institutions. For instance, during 1877, the following payments were made : — Ma- ternity Hospital, £2 2s ; Lock Hospital, £2 2s ; Boyal Infirmary, £15 15s; Western Infirmary, £15 15s; Convalescent Home, £5 5s ; Blind Asylum, £5 5s, &c. — Ed. 156 BEQUESTS. CHAPTER XX. BEQUESTS AND BUESABIES.* BEQUESTS. The following bequests were made to the Trades' House, and were commemorated on the donors' boards in the almshouse : — Name of the Testator. His Trade. Died in Age. Sterling Money. Thomas Justice, Maltman, . 1697 62 £28 2 6 Robert Govan, 1698 39 41 15 4 John Gilchrist,* . Tailor, 1700 66 151 13 4 Adam Williamson,f Hatter, 1721 67 106 5 Andrew M'Kean, . Tailor, London, 1725 60 50 John Aird, .... Mercht. Provost of Glasgow, . 1730 76 11 5 5 James Pettigrew,J Draper, Dublin, 200 John Armour, Tailor, late Dea- con-Convener, 1734 72 60 Margaret Murdoch, widow of John Glen, Goldsmith, 1766 44 10 William Pettigrew,§ Wright, . 1772 76 200 Henry Horsburgh, John Mitchell, Merchant, 1781 39 5 Maltman, . 1794 58 11 5 The following bequests were made to the incorporations, and were likewise commemorated on the donors' boards in the alms- house : — ' Name of Testator. His Trade. Died in Age. Sterling. Bequest to the James Crawford, Skinner, 1707 37 £56 15 4 Skiners. Thomas Pollock, . Tailor, 1715 68 28 6 8 Tailors. Thomas Peter, . Dean of Guild 1721 81 28 6 8 Cordiners. John M'Kay, Tailor, 1726 67 11 6 8 Tailors. William Bryson, . Weaver, 1739 70 34 Weavers. Robert Dreghorn, Wright, . 1742 63 8 6 8 Wrights. William Hadden, Weaver, 1744 84 8 6 8 Weavers. Mary Lyon, widow of John Graham, . Tailor, 1745 81 8 6 8 Tailors. Thomas Lennox, . Tailor, 1746 72 5 13 4 Tailors. * See Crawford's Sketch, pp. 253-258. See p. 160. t See p. 164. J See p. 163. § Ibid. BEQUESTS. 157 Name of Testator. His Trade. Died in Age. Sterling. Bequest to the John M'Indoe, . Weaver, 1750 52 £50 Weavers. John Gibson, Weaver, 1754 63 8 6 8 Weavers. Jean Miller, widow of James Young, . Merchant, . 1755 78 5 13 4 Tailors. Walter Buchanan, Maltman, . 1758 75 5 13 4 Maltmen. William Buchanan, Weaver, 1759 67 10 Weavers. James Dunlop, . Hammerman, 1761 54 10 Hammermen Andrew Miller, . Weaver, 1763 68 10 Weavers. Allan Dreghorn, . Wright, 1764 58 10 Wrights. William Aitken, . Weaver, 1766 80 8 6 8 Weavers. John Logan, Gardener, . 1769 75 8 6 8 Gardeners. Janet MTherson, widow of Thomas Glen, Weaver, 1769 59 5 13 4 Weavers. Andrew Thomson, Maltman, . 1770 82 8 6 8 Maltmen. William Stewart, Gardener, . 1771 85 5 13 4 Gardeners. James Harrywood, Tailor, 1773 38 9 Tailors. John Sym, . TaUor, 1774 63 50 Weavers. James Wotherford, Hammerman, 1774 71 10 Hammermen John Lennox, Tailor, 1774 64 25 Tailors. The Glas. Linen Society, 1776 14 4 Weavers. John Freeland, . Merchant, . 1779 59 8 6 8 Weavers. David Jones, Merchant, . 1779 38 20 Tailors. Alexander Sinclair, Linen Printer 1781 36 90 Skinners. John Telfer, Mason, 1783 44 5 Masons. Isobel Lang, spouse of Thos. Kinniburgh, . Tailor, 1783 54 5 13 4 Tailors. Thomas Adam, . Weaver, 1784 70 50 Weavers. Francis Reid, Weaver, 1787 58 100 Weavers. Kobert Smith, Hammerman, 1799 79 8 6 8 Hammermen Many of the donors' boards, some time placed on the walls of the large room above the great hall, became decayed, and were with difficulty held together ; but their removal was a mistake, and did not proceed from any act of the House or its committee. An ancient corporation has no cause to be ashamed of bad carpentry, or antique lettering or spelling on its walls, when these commemo- rate the gifts of its early benefactors, and recall the mind to a period now three centuries past. There is rather cause of regret that nothing in the halls of this ancient corporation produces this effect, and that the abandonment and sale of the almshouse, and the erection and decoration of the present halls in the modern style, exclude all idea of their being the locality of the oldest cor- porate bodies in Glasgow. "Would it not be prudent, as well as a tardy act of justice, to have those rolls of the early benefactors of the House and incor- 158 BURSAKIES. porations painted upon the panels of the low hall, enriched by the names of the more munificent benefactors of modern times? BUKSAMES. Howison's Bursary. John Howison, minister of Cambuslang, by deed of mortification dated 25th November, 1613, "for the affection he had for the college and students of the same, and for the help and supply of the entertainment of a bursar, to be presented to the said college in all time coming, by the deacons and visitor of the crafts of Glas- gow, the said bursar always being one of the sons of a craftsman of the said burgh,'' granted and mortified the profit of one thousand merks, to be laid out upon sufficient lands within the said burgh ; and so oft as the said annual rent is redeemed, by payment of the principal sum, the same to be of new employed and laid out upon lands again, by the principal of the said college and the deacon, convener for the time, perpetually thereafter. And he ordained that the deacons and visitor of the said crafts, and their successors, be presenters of the said bursar to the university of the said college ; that the said bursar be a qualified scholar, of honest name and good repute, and apt and able to discharge his duty in learning, being of the crafts' rank ; and failing thereof, any other that pleases the said deacons to place in the said revenue, to the time he passes his course within the said college — the said bursar to have his en- tertainment within the said college upon the good deed and profit of the sum above written.* The Trades' House received, as is understood, although there is no evidence of the fact, the proceeds, of the one thousand merks so bequeathed, and until 1817, paid £5 a-year as its interest to the bursar, whom they regularly appointed. In 1817, the House resolved and authorised the collector to pay £3 a-year to the bursar, in addition to the £5 of interest.! On 6th January, 1820, the then deacon-convener received an * Deeds Instituting Bursaries, p. 11. -j- 4th February, 1817. BURSARIES. 159 anonymous letter, which stated that the writer of it had enjoyed this bursary, and drawn to the amount of £20 under it, which his improved circumstances enabled him to repay, and this sum was enclosed. The late Mr John Young, Professor of Greek in the University of Glasgow, was the writer of this letter. He was the son of a freeman cooper in Glasgow, and in early life enjoyed this bursary for four years, whereby he was enabled to attend college. He became an eminent classical scholar. The House added this £20 to the principal sum, and have since 1820 paid £9 a-year to the bursar, whom they have regularly pre- sented for four sessions, in terms of the bequest. The foundation contemplates that the bursar should be main- tained at bed and board by the college, within the buildings, for the interest of the sum mortified. No bursar is, however, so maintained, and the sum is handed to the bursar. The reverend founder of this bursary was a zealous supporter of the principles of the Eeformation, and manfully resisted the in- troduction of Episcopacy into Scotland. He was moderator of the Presbytery of Glasgow in 1582, when that learned court was assembled to issue a decreet against Mr E. Montgomerie, who, contrary to his agreement with the General Assembly, was pressing on his admission to the office of Archbishop of Glasgow. The Provost of Glasgow, accompanied by the Bailies and some of the citizens, entered the meeting, discharged the moderator from pro- ceeding ; put violent hands on him, smote him on the face, rent his beard, struck out one of his teeth, and cast him into prison.* In 1584 Mr Howison preached at Edinburgh, denounced Prelacy and the headship of the King, and called on his hearers to acknow- ledge " no prince and no magistrate in teaching the Word," and was again cast into prison. In 1585 he preached at Linlithgow, while the Parliament met there, " made a good exhortation, telling the truth, and meet for the purpose ; but there was no help for it." He was again cast into prison. In 1596 he was appointed commissioner for the church in the west of Scotland, to reside in Edinburgh with the three commission- * Calderwood's True History, 1678, p. 126. 160 BURSARIES. ers from the other quarters of the kingdom, " to consult what is most expedient in every case;" and for being a party, in 1597, to the declinature of the jurisdiction of the King and Council in matters spiritual, Mr Howison was a fourth time cast into prison. It is rather singular, however, that his deed of mortification in 1613 is addressed to "all and sundrie quhome it effeiris, and in special to the Richt Reverend Fader Johnne Archbishop of Glasgow, and the principal and regents of the college thairof, and universitie of ye samin." There is a portrait of him in the Trades' Hall, taken in the year 1609, when he was in his seventy-ninth year.* Gilchrist's Bursary. On 25th March, 1700, the Trades' House acknowledged having received from John Armour, as trustee for the deceased John Gil- christ, late tailor, and late deacon-convener, two thousand five hundred merks, bequeathed, mortified, and doted to the House, for the maintenance of a student of philosophy, yearly, in the Uni- versity of Glasgow — he being always a freeman tradesman's son, within the town of Glasgow; and the House became bound by bond " to pay yearly to a bursar in the said college, studying philosophy therein, whom the said House shall present in all time coming, the sume of sixty pounds Scots money (equal to £5 sterling), for his maintenance — those of the names of Gilchrist, Bryce, and Boyd, being always first preferred, they being tradesmen freemen's sons within the said burgh, and qualified for the said study, and need- ful." Mr Gilchrist was a tailor in Glasgow — was deacon of that incor- poration in 1670; and when the magistrates and councillors of Glasgow were elected in 1689 by poll of the burgesses, under the influence of the Revolution, Mr Gilchrist was appointed deacon convener of the trades of Glasgow. He mortified sums for the merchant rank, and for the poor of the kirk session. Bye-Laws as to Bursaries. 1. The collector shall not pay any money to a bursar until the * Deeds Instituting Bursaries, p. 18. MOBTIFIOATIONS. 161 latter shall have produced a regular certificate, signed by one of the professors of the college, that he has given punctual attend- ance.* 2. All vacancies under Howison's bursary and Gilchrist's bursary, shall be advertised and filled up in the months of August or Sep- tember, so that the persons preferred may avoid losing some weeks of the early part of the session, t Might not this wealty corporation found two additional bursaries, and make the payment £10 for each 1 ? There would thus be one to dispose of annually, and it might be so managed as to become a prize for competition in good behaviour and making progress at the Trades' School among the boys who are about to leave that establishment, after five years' attendance-^all of them being with- in the prescribed qualification.! [This suggestion has since been attended to. — Ed.] CHAPTEE XXI. MORTIFICATIONS^ Govan's Mortification. Jambs Govan, merchant in Glasgow, brother of Robert Govan, late writer there, by his deed of mortification dated 28th July, 1709, set aside "one thousand guineas of gold," which he had " inclosed in a bag sealed with black wax," to be delivered to the dean of guild, collector, and members of the Merchant House of Glasgow, immediately after his death, to remain in their hands in all time coming, they to be bound for the annual rent thereof, to be applied yearly towards the maintenance of twenty poor men, * 5th December, 1782. f 7th October, 1833. | 16th November, 1837. § See Crawfurd's Sketch of the Trades' House, pp. 258-271. 11 162 MORTIFICATIONS. burgesses, inhabitants of the said city of Glasgow, not under forty years of age, whose parents were born in the said city, eleven whereof to be of the merchant rank, and nine of the trades' rank, they being always of honest reputation, and having no maintenance provided to them, either off the said Merchant House or Trades' House, or otherwise supplied by any hospital in the city. By codicil dated 7th July, 1710, Mr Govan, upon the considera- tion that " the annual rent would be but a small maintenance for twenty poor men," restricted the number to twelve — seven to be of the merchant and five of the trades' rank ; and he appointed that the one thousand guineas in the bag should be divided between the two Houses, in proportion of seven to the Merchant House and five to the Trades' House. By the original mortification, the right to present the poor men was vested in (1) John Govan, the testator's brother ; (2) James Peddie, merchant, and James Hamilton, younger, of Aitkenhead, his the said John Govan's sons-in-law, and the survivor of them ; (3) the eldest sons of the said James Peddie and James Hamilton ; (4) their eldest sons succeeding them ; (5) John Govan, minister in Campsie ; (6) his eldest son ; (7) failing all these persons, the nearest heir male of line of John Govan, the testator's brother ; (8) failing his heirs male of line, in the magistrates and town council of Glasgow for the time. Thomson's Mortification. James Thomson, tanner in Glasgow, by his deed of mortification dated 24th April, 1717, "bound his heirs and successors to pay to the deacon convener, and the other members of the convener's hall, or Trades' House of the city of Glasgow, twelve thousand merks Scots money, at the first term after his death, to be held in all time thereafter as mortified and dedicated to the trades' hospi- tal, for the maintenance of six poor old men of the trades' rank, among whom the interest shall be equally divided, quarterly, half- yearly, or yearly, until they commit some fault." A list of two persons, to be presented by the nearest heir of the mortifier, or the heir male of the body of his sister, from which the convener's house shall choose one to enjoy the benefit. This right of pre- sentation in the heir male to continue for forty years only, and there- MORTIFICATIONS. 163 after to vest in the deacon convener and the deacons of the crafts. The names of Thomson or Peddie are declared to be preferable to any poor person of any other name. The mortifier died 7th April, 1717, and his deed of mortification is recorded in the burgh court books of Glasgow, 7th May, 1717, and in the records of the House, 21st June, 1718, on which day the House accepted the mortifica- tion, and acknowledged having received payment of the money at the preceding term of Whitsunday. James Pettigrew's Mortification. James Pettigrew, sometime of Glasgow, thereafter of Dublin, linendraper, on 20th May, 1731, bequeathed £124 sterling, and appointed the interest to be applied " for the maintenance of one poor decayed burgess and freeman of the said city of Glasgow, of the trades' rank, who shall be of the age of fifty years or upwards, and of good repute." The right to present was retained for him- self during his life, and vested thereafter in his brother William ; whom failing, his brother Robert ; and thereafter, in the Trades' House. The donor stipulated that any of his own kindred, and next to them, any of the name of Pettigrew applying, being quali- fied, should be preferred. On 23rd December, 1732, the donor added £76 to the sum mortified, making it £200 sterling. William Pettigrew's Mortification. William Pettigrew, wright in Glasgow, brother of the foresaid James Pettigrew, on 28th January, 1769, mortified £200 sterling, that the interest thereof might be applied for the support and maintenance of a poor decayed burgess of the trades' rank, of fifty years of age or upwards. The right to present was vested in Gavin Pettigrew, wright in Glasgow ; after his death, in Thomas Petti- grew, weaver in Glasgow, eldest son of Thomas Pettigrew, weaver, the nephew of the donor ; after his death, in William Pettigrew, youngest son of the said Thomas Pettigrew, the nephew of the donor, during his life ; and after his death " the said Trades' House shall have the power of nomination, the person being still qualified as above.'' " Providing that persons of my own kindred, who shall reside in the city of Glasgow for the time being, whether burgesses 164 MORTIFICATIONS. or guild brothers thereof or not, and whether of the merchant or trades' rank, shall in all time coming be preferred to all others ; and next unto them, any person of the surname of Pettigrew, being otherwise qualified as aforesaid, shall be preferred next to my said own kindred." The deed is recorded in the commissary court books of Glasgow, 29th September, 1772, and in the books of the Trades' House, 10th November, 1773. Williamson's Mortification. Adam Williamson, hat manufacturer in Glasgow, on 12th June, 1719, handed to the Trades' House two thousand merks ; and the House became bound to pay the interest thereof to himself during his life ; thereafter to Margaret Veitch, his daughter-in-law ; and thereafter, for this purpose, that once in every two years a boy shall be put an apprentice to some trade within the town of Glas- gow, and one hundred merks paid for his apprentice fee ; and with this provision, that boys of the name of Williamson, and after that of the name of Stiven, shall be preferable to all others. This bond is not recorded in the books of the Trades' House, but is said to be recorded in the town court books of Glasgow, 11th November, 1721. On 19th November, 1797, a committee of the House was ap- pointed to examine this deed, and on 7th December following, the committee reported that it could not be found. The committee was appointed to make a further search. On 15th September, 1812, the House was again informed that the deed could not be found. Johnston's Mortification. James Johnston, merchant in Glasgow, on 5th February, 1781, bequeathed £1000 sterling, that the interest thereof might be paid annually, in equal portions, to five poor journeymen stocking- makers. The testator died in that year ; and Messrs Dugald Bannatyne and John Thomson, his trustees, vested that sum in heritable security, and during their joint lives and the life of Mr Bannatyne the survivor, appointed stocking-makers to the benefit, and distributed the interest equally among them. The trustees MORTIFICATIONS. 165 and executors were appointed to vest this sum in some permanent public institution, for carrying the object the testator had in view into execution; and on the 21st November, 1815, Mr Dugald Bannatyne, the surviving trustee, proposed to vest the money in the Trades' House, in trust for the purposes of the bequest, under right in him to present to its benefit during his life. The House accepted the trust; and on 11th December, 1816, the heritable bond for the £1000 was transferred to the House ; and thereafter Mr Bannatyne presented fit persons to the benefit, and uplifted and distributed the interest in terms of the bequest. At Mr Ban- natyne's death in 1842, the House entered upon possession, and since that date have paid the interest equally among five poor stocking-makers, in terms of the bequest. The right of nominating to the benefit vests in the society of master stocking-makers in Glasgow ; failing them, in the Trades' House. When a vacancy occurs, the society of stocking-makers are bound, within one month of receiving notice of it from the clerk of the House, to present a list of five qualified persons as candidates for the vacancy, other- wise their right to nominate for that vacancy ceases, and the House may nominate without receiving a list ; and when the list is presented, the House have the power to select one of the candi- dates upon it for the vacant pension — " the person chosen being always a journeyman stocking-maker.'' The deed is recorded in the books of the House, 21st November, 1815. This £1000 was secured upon bond over property in Glasgow at the time of Mr Bannatyne's death in 1842,* and the House has since that date received the £1000, and paid the interest among the persons selected from the lists presented by the society of stocking-makers. Gilmour's Mortification. On 4th September, 1837, an extract from the will of Mr Arthur Gilmour, deceased, lately residing in St Andrew's square, Glasgow, was read to the House, from which it appeared that he "directed his trustees to pay to the Trades' House £100 sterling, free of legacy duty, for the purpose of the ordinary interest thereof being * 23rd May, 1842. 166 MORTIFICATIONS. applied by Dugald Bannatyne, postmaster in Glasgow, during his life, and after his death, by the persons named in a deed of appoints ment executed by the said Dugald Bannatyne and the deceased John Thomson, dated 11th December, 1816, to the relief of journeymen stocking-makers in the same way, and under the same conditions as the interest of £1000, bequeathed by the deceased James Johnston, in his settlement dated 5th February, 1781, now is, or hereafter shall be applied. The House accepted the bequest in trust, and received the money.* Mr Eating's Bequest. Mr James Ewing, merchant in Glasgow, by his disposition and settlement, dated 9th September, 1844, and registered in the books of Council and Session 9th December, 1853, made the following bequests : — 1. To the dean of guild and directors of the Merchants' House of Glasgow, for behoof of that incorporation, £1000. 2. To the dean of guild and directors of the said Merchants' House, the sum of £10,000, to be laid out and invested by them, for the purpose of applying the interest or annual proceeds thereof, after deducting all necessary expenses, in pensions or allowances to decayed Glasgow merchants. 3. To the dean of guild and directors of the said Merchants' House, the sum of £10,000, to be laid out and invested by them, for the purpose of applying the interest or annual proceeds thereof, after deducting all necessary expenses, in educating, training, and settling in business, the sons of decayed Glasgow merchants, to be allocated in such sums and allowances as they may from time to time see just and most expedient. 4. To the said dean of guild and directors of the said Merchants' House in Glasgow, the further sum of £10,000, to be laid out and invested by them, for the purpose of applying the interest or annual proceeds thereof, after deducting all necessary expenses, in pensions or allowances to widows and daughters of decayed Glasgow mer- chants. 5. To the Trades' House of Glasgow, the sum of £500. * 4th September, 1837. MORTIFICATIONS. 167 The testator provided that, in the event of any deficiency of funds, after paying the provisions in favour of his wife and rela- tions, and carrying into effect the other purposes of the trust, each of the legacies and annuities should suffer a proportional abate- ment — the legacies and annuities to his relations being always preferable, to the payment of legacies or annuities to strangers or charities. The testator was a younger son of Mr Walter Ewing, some time accountant in Glasgow, who assumed the surname Maclae, under the deed of entail of the estate of Cathkin, in the parish of Car- munnock, which was purchased and entailed by his mother's brother of that name. Mr James Ewing was a West India mer- chant in Glasgow, and during a long and active life was much respected, and occupied an important position in society, having creditably filled the offices of dean of guild and lord provost of the city, before the date of the Municipal Eeform Act ; and having been elected, along with Mr Oswald, a representative of the city in Parliament at the first election after the Parliamentary Eeform Act became law, and gave two members to Glasgow. He amassed great wealth, purchased the estate of Levenside, in Dumbartonshire, which he greatly improved ; and at the close of his useful life marked his regard for the Merchant House, with which he had been long actively connected and well acquainted, by the most munificent bequest ever made to charitable purposes in Glasgow, and his appreciation of the Trades' House, with which his long connection with the sister corporation made him familiar, by the handsome bequest of £500. He died at the age of seventy-eight, on 29th November, 1853. One-eighth part of those bequests is paid ; the funds hitherto realised having been applied in paying the preferable legacies to relations. The latter, however, are now paid, and the funds which shall hereafter be realised, will become available for payment of the balance of the charitable bequests. Mr Buchanan's Mortification. James Buchanan, some time merchant in Jamaica, died in Edin- burgh on 21st December, 1857, survived by Mrs Jane Jack, his widow, without children. By his settlement dated 17th February, 168 MORTIFICATIONS. 1852, he appointed Mrs Buchanan his trustee and executrix, with power to assume additional trustees and executors, and declared the purposes of the trust to be — (1) For payment of his debts. (2) For payment to Mrs Buchanan of a " clear yearly annuity of two thousand pounds sterling," with the liferent of his household furniture. (3) For payment of legacies. (4) For investing and securing in name of the trustees, any sum or sums to be specified in any writing under his hand, for the purposes therein specified. And lastly, for payment of the residue of the trust estate to such person as might be selected and named by the testator. By codicil dated 17th May, 1857, the testator named certain additional trustees, bequeathed certain legacies and annuities to relatives and friends, stating as a reason for restricting those be- quests to moderate sums, that the gift of " large sums to relations is ostentatious, and attended with mischievous results •" and there- after he made the following munificent bequests : — 1. To the Merchants' House of Glasgow, £10,000, to be invested by his trustees in Bank of England stock, twelve months after the death of Mrs Buchanan, in name of the Merchants' House, in trust for educational purposes, on behalf of the sons of decayed members — the dividends to be exclusively expended towards the education of the sons of decayed members, and granting bursaries to such of them as give evidence of future eminence, in such manner as the directors may deem best. 2. To invest £10,000, twelve months after Mrs Buchanan's death, in name of the Trades' House of Glasgow, in trust for edu- cational purposes, on behalf of the sons of decayed members of that House — the dividends to be exclusively expended towards the education of the sons of decayed members, and also for promoting the studies of such of them as give decided promise of mechanical genius, particularly in the department of engineering, in such manner as the directors of the House may deem best. 3. To the Boyal Infirmary of Glasgow, £10,000, payable twelve months after Mrs Buchanan's death. 4. To the city of Glasgow, £3000 annually, for ten years, at the term of Whitsunday or Martinmas that shall occur after twelve months from the death of the testator, for the purpose " of carry- ing into active operation an industrial institution in the city of MOBTIFIOATIONS. 169 Glasgow, for the maintenance and instruction of destitute children on the following conditions : — 1. " That the city of Glasgow shall provide, fit up, and keep in repair, at the expense of the city, the necessary buildings for carry- ing on the institution in all its branches. 2. " That the said three thousand pounds shall be exclusively appropriated and expended in the maintenance, education, and in- dustrial instruction of destitute boys; but should this experimental institution be found not to work successfully, on the lapse of ten years, and it should be considered advisable by the directors to abandon it, and carry it on no longer, in that case the whole ex- pense which shall have been incurred by the city, from its formation, shall be reimbursed from the trust estate. 3. " That as the sole object of the donor is to extend the hand of charity to the helpless, of every sect and denomination, the religious instruction taught in the institution shall be altogether unsectarian in its character, without any reference whatever to distinctive creeds. 4. " That the institution be conducted on the social principle, altogether distinct and apart from the hospital system ; the pupils to be allowed to reside with their friends, if they have any, who may be desirous of taking charge of them, provided they are ap- proved of by the directors, and that those who have no one to care for them, be provided within the house, or otherwise, at the expense of the institution. 5. " That no cripple or deformed boy be admitted as a pupil into the school, they being better fitted for admission into an hospital than into an institution of this kind. 6. " That the pupils attending the institution shall be provided daily with a substantial breakfast, dinner, and supper in the house, with instruction in reading, writing, and arithmetic ; but that no high branch of education be publicly taught thereat. Besides those branches of education, the pupils shall be instructed in the rudiments of navigation, in gymnastics, tailoring, shoemaking, and carpentry, to fit them for the navy and army, the merchant marine service, and as emigrants to the colonies ; and that the whole course of education and instruction be carried on within the house. 7. " Lastly, That the institution shall be under the management 170 MORTIFICATIONS. of twelve directors — three of whom to be members of the city cor- poration, to be annually elected by the Lord Provost, Magistrates, and Town Council ; three members of the Merchants' House, by the Merchants' House ; three members of the Trades' House, by the Trades' House; and that the Lord Provost, Dean of Guild, and Deacon-Convener, be directors ex officio. " And further, That should the said institution prove eminently successful, and give decided promise of usefulness, to the satisfaction of the trustees and executors in Great Britain, they, the said trustees and executors, are empowered and directed to continue the annual payment of three thousand pounds, so that the said institution shall be continued in full operation after the foresaid term of ten years has elapsed, during the life of the testator's wife : And on her death, the testator authorised and directed his trustees and executors to invest the residue or balance of his estate, so soon as the same shall have been realised, in the stock of the Bank of England, in the name of the city of Glasgow, in trust for behoof of the said institution, the dividends and bonus accruing therefrom to be exclusively appropriated and expended, in all time coming, in the maintenance, education, and mechanical instruction of destitute boys, who may be admitted from time to time as pupils into the said institution." Should this grant of £3000 a-year to the city of Glasgow not be accepted on the terms and conditions specified, the testator declared that the bequest to that city should stand as revoked and cancelled, and he appointed his trustees and executors to offer the said sum annually during Mrs Buchanan's life, and the residue of his estate after her decease, for the purpose of establishing and carrying into active operation an industrial institution in the town of Liverpool ; thereafter to the town of Manchester ; and there- after to the state of New York, United States of America. Mr Buchanan, the testator, was a native of Glasgow, the son of Buchanan, smith and farrier there. His father had pur- chased a small piece of ground and some old houses lying on the east side of Stockwell street, nearly opposite Jackson street, and there carried on his trade. Near the close of the eighteenth century, the late Mr Moses Stiven and Mr James Buchanan, two of the principal partners of MORTIFICATIONS. 171 Dennistoun, Buchanan, & Company, a leading West India house in Glasgow, sometimes called at the smithy about their carriage horses, and there occasionally saw the farrier's son, then a young lad running about unemployed. Mr Stiven took the boy into his warehouse. The father afterwards took an opportunity of telling Mr James Buchanan, the other partner, that the lad had a great desire to go to the West Indies ; and the result was, that Mr Buchanan agreed to send him to (xrenada, where the business of Dennistoun, Buchanan, & Company was conducted by Mr George Wilson, one of the partners of the house. Young Buchanan was recommended to Mr Wilson by two letters in the following terms : "Glasgow, 28th November, 1800. " Dear Sir, — By the ' Louisa ' a young man goes to you, James Buchanan, as an assistant. He has been about the warehouse for some time, and is clever ; but it is a doubt whether he is to turn well or ill out. Mr Stiven is of opinion that this namesake of mine will cut no ordinary figure in the world. He thinks he will either be the cleverest fellow, or the greatest blackguard in the West Indies ; but take notice, he is neither the one nor the other at present ; and it will depend on you, Mr Stiven says, or on the person who is over him, how he may turn out. The meaning of all this is, we think him a wild, spoiled boy, and that he will re- quire to be looked after. I request you to do this, for he may do you honour, and he is the son of an honest, worthy man. — I am, with esteem, dear sir, yours very sincerely, "James Buchanan.'' " Mr George Wilson, Grenada, " Per Jamie Buchanan. "Glasgow, 2nd December, 1800. " Dear Sir, — Jamie Buchanan, who is now gone to your assist- ance, is the son of a worthy man, a blacksmith and farrier in this place. He has been in the warehouse with me about a year, and is a fine boy. I hope he will turn out a clever fellow. But, un- fortunately for him, at a very early period he lost his mother, and has been long under a stepmother. This, you know, is a great loss 172 MORTIFICATIONS. to children. However, I hope you'll find him worthy of your ut- most care and attention, which will give great pleasure to, dear sir, yours sincerely, " Moses Stiven." The young man served under Mr Wilson until 1807, when the latter returned to Glasgow, and there permanently remained. During that period he was well trained by that excellent man, and gained his confidence. He was afterwards removed to Kingston, Jamaica, where he became the managing partner of Dennistoun, Buchanan, & Company's business in that island. He afterwards removed to their establishment at Rio Janeiro, where he conducted their business ; and as the period of the company's contract ap- proached a close, he returned to Glasgow, and along with Mr Wilson and Mr Buchanan of Auchintorlie, retired from the business in 1816 — the senior partner, Mr James Buchanan, remaining and paying them out the large sums then at their credit. The testator married about this time the daughter of Mr William Jack, long partner of the late Mr James Cleland, as upholsterers and cabinetmakers, and he occupied during the first year of his married life, the dwelling-house of Kelvinbank, now the property of the Trades' House. He quitted Glasgow, and took up his resi- dence in Edinburgh about 1818, where he resided many years in Forth street, and latterly purchased a house in Moray place. He amused himself making occasional speculations in produce and managing the investment of his fortune, which he kept chiefly in shares — sometimes in those of the United States of America and of Brazil, and sometimes in railway stock. Upon one occasion he lost largely on American stocks, and on telling a friend his losses, who condoled with him, he jocularly said, " That is my heirs' look out." He subsequently gained largely in speculations in grain and Brazil stocks. He was much respected by Mr Wilson and all his partners, and died in Edinburgh on 21st December, 1857, in the seventy-fourth year of his age. He remained owner, at his death, of his father's property in Stockwell street, upon which he had erected a handsome tenement, but his personal property was chiefly invested in American funds. The bequest of £3000 a-year to the lord provost, dean of guild, NUMBER IN TRADES' HOUSE. 173 deacon convener, and three trustees to be appointed by the town council, the Merchant House and Trades' House respectively, comes into operation upon the lapse of twelve months from the date of the testator's death. The corporation of the city will no doubt take care that this munificent bequest for educational purposes in Glasgow, shall not be lost to the city by the omission " to provide, fit up, and keep in repair, the necessary buildings for carrying on the institution in all its branches."* This is the peremptory con- dition upon which it shall become available for Glasgow, and the town of Liverpool would no doubt take advantage of any accruing forfeiture. The bequests, however, of £10,000 to the Merchant House, Trades' House, and Royal Infirmary, do not become payable until twelve months after the death of Mrs Buchanan. The first is appointed to be invested in Bank of England stock. The second is appointed to be invested. The third is appointed to be then paid. CHAPTEK XXII. NUMBER OF REPRESENTATIVES IN TRADES' HOUSE. Having alluded in a previous chapter to the arbitrary way in which the several Incorporations are numerically arranged on the roll of the Trades' House, before bringing these notes to a close I again recur to the subject, to point out another anomaly which took place at the construction of the House, viz. — that the first four trades on the roll should have each been permitted to send * The £3000 per annum was secured by Glasgow, and ground and buildings were acquired and erected fronting the Green, between William and James streets. 174 NUMBER IN TEADES' HOUSE. six representatives to the House, while the fifth trade (the Weavers) was allowed to send in only four, and the remainder of the trades (excepting the Dyers) only three. The result is, that the first four trades have twenty-four representatives, while the remaining ten have (ordinarly) only thirty. This is certainly not as it ought to be. It seems very absurd that such a law should have been passed even in these old times, and it looks very much worse now in the light of the present day — in fact, it seems to have been enacted in violation of the plainest principles of equity. That this law should have been so long sub- mitted to is no proof of its fairness, and no argument for its con- tinuance. The order of arrangement of the trades on the roll is a matter that cannot well be altered now, but the representation of the trades in the House is quite a different thing ; and these remarks are made, in the hope that there may be a readjustment yet. It is surprising that there has been no recent proposal to alter the present arrangement in favour of the trades which send in so few. But it is " never too late to mend ;" and a movement for a fairer representation would undoubtedly meet with the sympathy of the Incorporations to be benefitted. As it is, none of the trades who send in only three members can have any of them in the House for a period exceeding three years, or if any of them are continued for a longer period, others are being kept out who ought to be in, in regular course. If an alteration was taking place in the number of representa- tives, the Weavers might be allowed to send in an additional one, making their number five, and all the other trades coming after them should each be allowed to send in two additional members. It cannot be supposed, that the trades who at present send in six members, could with a very good grace oppose this very reasonable increase to the representation of the other trades. And if such an arrangement was agreed upon, the privilege that the smaller trades have of sending in an additional member in the event of any of their representatives being elected to the office of deacon con- vener or collector, might be withdrawn. — Ed. RULES OP INCORPORATION OF MASONS. 175 CHAPTEE XXm. BYE-LAWS AND REGULATIONS OP THE INCORPORATION OF MASONS OF GLASGOW. 1. — Name, Style, and Designation of Incorporation. The said incorporation shall be known as heretofore under the name, style, and designation of the " Incorporation of Masons of Glasgow," and shall be governed in time coming, as hereinafter provided for. 2. — Management of the Incorporation and Office-Bearers. The business of the incorporation shall be managed by office- bearers, or master court of the said incorporation, who shall consist of a deacon, collector, and thirteen masters, besides the late deacon and late collector, who shall continue members of the master court ex officiis for the ensuing year, and shall also be key-keepers. Any five of the master court shall be a quorum. S. — Making up of Qualified Soil of Members. The qualified roll of the incorporation shall be made up at the Lammas court meeting, and shall be finally closed before proceed- ing to the election of office-bearers on the day fixed for that purpose. And no member who has not been a year and day a member, or whose name is not in that roll from being in arrears in payment of his annual contribution, or who may be receiving aid from the funds of the incorporation, or from the funds of the Trades' House, or any other of the fourteen incorporations, shall be capable of voting or being voted on in the election of office-bearers. Jf. — Annual mode of Election of Office-Bearers. The annual election of office-bearers shall take place on the day fixed for the general election of the deacons of the fourteen incor- porated trades of Glasgow, with the exception of the clerk and officer, as after provided for. The deacon shall be elected from a 176 RULES OF INCORPORATION leet composed of such of the members of the trade as may be pro- posed, but who must have previously filled the office of collector, and been honourably discharged of the office by the trade. The collector shall be chosen from among the members of the trade ; eleven of the masters shall be chosen by direct vote of the qualified members of the trade, without the intervention of leets, and the votes of the members shall be taken either viva voce or by written or printed lists delivered by them personally to the clerk, which shall be scrutinised, and the elections declared in presence of the meeting. The other two masters shall be nominated by the deacon immediately after the election of the others. The trade shall also have power from time to time to appoint honorary life members of the master court, with all the powers of ordinary members ; but the persons so elected must have previously held office in the master court, and shall not exceed three in office at any one time. 5. — Election of Representatives in Trades' House, &c. At the same meeting there shall be elected from the trade generally, a member to represent the incorporation in the Trades' House, along with the deacon and late deacon ; a member of the building committee of the Trades' House ; a delegate for the lands of Gorbals belonging to the Trades' House and incorporations; and a representative to the education committee of the Trades' House ; and in reporting the election of the representative to the Trades' House, it shall be certified in the minute of election that the per- son elected is either a trades' burgess of Glasgow, or has paid the entry money of two guineas to the Trades' House. 6. — Collector may he called on to find' security. The collector shall find security for the faithful discharge of his duties to the satisfaction of, and to the amount to be fixed by the master court. No disbursements shall be made by the collector except to pensioners on the roll, without the authority and sanction of the master court. 7. — The Election of Clerk and Officer, and their respective duties. Besides the deacon, collector, and masters, there shall be a clerk, OF MASONS. 177 being a member of the faculty of procurators, and if thought advis- able an officer to the trade. The clerk, and also the officer, if it should be resolved to appoint an officer, shall be chosen annually by the members at the Hallowday court meeting. It will be the duty of the clerk to issue circulars by post calling, and to attend all the meetings, and give professional advice ; to take and keep regular minutes of the business transacted at meetings of the trade and master court, and prepare any bond which may be required from the collector. The duty of the officer, if appointed, will be to attend all meetings of the incorporation and master court, and to carry the incorporation box, books, and papers, to and from the places of meetings, and to keep the door of the places of meeting, and to open and shut it for the entrance and retirement of the members, and to perform any other duties required of him by the deacon. 8. — Salaries to Clerk and Officer. The clerk and officer, besides the fees payable at the entry of members, shall each be allowed such a salary as may be fixed by the incorporation from time to time. 9. — Quarterly and other Meetings. Besides the meeting for the election of the deacon, collector, and masters, there shall, as heretofore, be four quarterly meetings annually — one in the first week of November, to be called the Hallowday court; another in the first week of February, to be called the Candlemas court ; a third in the first week of May, to be called the Whitsunday court ; and the fourth in the first, second, or third week of August, as may be found most convenient, to be called the Lammas court. The deacon shall have it in his power to call any meetings he may think proper ; and he shall be obliged to call other meetings of the incorporation, on being required to do so by any eight qualified members, on any business lawfully connected with the incorporation which shall be specified in the requisition, and that within six days after receiving such requisition, to be held within ten days thereafter. The members of the Incorporation within the parliamentary boundaries of the city, and of the master court, shall be warned to the several meetings of the trade, 12 178 RULES OF INCORPORATION whether called on requisition or not, and also the master court respectively, by circulars written or printed, or printed and written where blanks occur in the printing — posted by the Clerk at least twenty-four hours before each meeting, which shall be verified by him at the commencement of each meeting. In the absence of the Deacon, the Deacon last in office present shall take the chair ; and failing a former Deacon being present, the chair shall be taken by the senior member of the master court present. The Chairman, both at meetings of the Incorporation and of the master court, shall have a deliberative vote, and also a casting vote in cases of equality. 10. — Entry Money. Each individual applying for admission shall make payment of a sum of money as hereinafter provided for. If the entry is at the farhand, the entry money shall be twenty-one pounds sterling; if the applicant is the son or son-in-law of a member whose wife is alive, the entry money shall be five guineas, with the addition of the Clerk's and Officer's dues ; with the further addition according to age in each class of entrants conform to the following table, but reserving all vested rights, as at the Deacons' Choosing of 1867, at which time the table was first sanctioned by the Trades' House, viz. : — Near Hand. Age. Far Hand. Near Hand, Age. Far Hand. 5 5 0.. . 30 .. .. 15 8 11£.. . 48 .. 31 19 7£ 5 12 3 .. . 31 .. .. 16 6 5 .. . 49 .. 33 13 7| 5 19 10£.. . 32 .. .. 17 4 9 .. . 50 .. 35 9 3£ 6 7 10 .. . 33 .. .. 18 3 llf.. . 51 .. 6 13 2§.. . 34 .. .. 19 4 2J.. . 52 .. 7 5 0.. . 35 .. .. 20 5 4|.. . 53 .. 7 14 3 .. . 36 .. .. 21 7 8 .. . 54 .. 8 4 0.. . 37 .. .. 22 11 0|.. . 55 .. 8 14 2 .. . 38 .. .. 23 15 7 .. . 56 .. 9 4 10|.. . 39 .. .. 25 1 4£.. . 57 .. 9 16 if.. . 40 .. 21 . .. 26 8 5 .. . 58 .. 10 7 llf.. . 41 .. 22 3 . .. 27 16 10 .. . 59 .. 11 4J.. . 42 .. 23 7 2 . ..29 6 8 .. . 60 .. 11 13 5 .. . 43 .. 24 12 6i • .. 30 18 . . 61 .. 12 7 1 .. . 44 .. 25 19 If ■ .. 32 10 lOf. . 62 .. 13 1 b\.. . 45 .. 27 7 U ■ .. 34 5 4|. . 63 .. 13 6 6 .. . 46 .. 28 16 H ■ .. 36 1 7J. . 64 .. 14 12 4 .. . 47 .. 30 7 H ■ .. 37 19 8 . . 65 .. OP MASONS. 179 It is specially provided in the case of near-hand entrants, that the entry money shall not exceed the rate applicable to the age of sixty-five, and that in the case of far-hand entrants above fifty years of age, the entry money shall in every case be the subject of special arrangement, but never to be less than the sum applicable to fifty years of age. It is also provided that it shall not be com- petent to enter the son or son-in-law of a member, unless the party on whose privilege the entry is proposed shall stand free of arrears on the roll of the incorporation at the time of the proposed entry (if in life), or at the time of his death (if he is dead), except on payment of such arrears by the applicant. Further, no person shall be admissable as a member who does not produce evidence of his being a trades' or merchant's burgess, or guild brother of the city of Glasgow ; or that he had paid two guineas of entry money to the Trades' House. Each entrant shall be obliged to make a solemn declaration before the trade previous to his admission, that he shall obey all the rules, and be a true and faithful member of the incorporation. 11. — Payment of Quarter Accounts. Each member shall make payment to the collector of the sum of two shillings annually, in full of quarter accounts, at the meeting held in August as the Lammas court. Members who may be in arrear failing to pay these arrears, or the annual contribution at that meeting, or at the meeting appointed for the election of the deacon and other office-bearers before the qualified roll is closed, shall not be entitled to vote at said election. 12. — Exemption from payment of Quarter Accounts may be purchased. It shall be competent for any member to exempt himself from payment of the annual payments referred to in the preceding article, by making payment of fifteen years' purchase thereof, in addition to what may have been paid or due by him prior to purchasing such exemption. IS. — Management and Investment of Funds. The funds of the incorporation shall be managed under the 180 RULES OF INCORPORATION direction and superintendence of the master court, of whom any five shall be a quorum ; and shall be invested in the purchase of lands, houses, feu-duties, or ground annuals, or in Government annuities, or on first securities over land, or other heritable pro- perty — and shall not exceed two-third parts of the value of the security offered, in addition to the personal security of the borrow- ers ; or upon the security of the dues of the river Clyde, under the acts constituting the river trust ; or to the city corporation ; or to the police and statute labour board of Glasgow ; or any city or county trust of a public nature ; or the Trades' House and similar public trusts ; and it shall not be competent to lend any part of the funds on personal security, nor even on heritable security, to any member of the incorporation, without the sanction of a general meeting of the trade. The securities of any investment shall be taken in the name of the deacon and collector for the time being, and their successors in office, for behoof of the incorporation. 14- — Power to Borrow. In the event of the incorporation purchasing any lands or other heritable property, and requiring funds to pay the price or part thereof, the incorporation shall be entitled to borrow such sum or sums of money on the security of such lands or other heritable property so purchased, or of the funds and property of the incor- poration generally as may be authorised by a general meeting of the incorporation ; and the deacon and collector for the time being (who according to use and wont grant all deeds and obligations by the incorporation) shall have power to grant bonds and dispositions in security, containing all usual and necessary clauses, and any other deed or deeds necessary to make the security or securities effectual to the lender or lenders. It is specially provided that the lender or lenders shall have no concern with the application of the sum or sums to be borrowed, but shall be sufficiently exonerated and discharged of the same by the receipt of the deacon and col- lector for the time being on behalf of the incorporation. 15. — Not lawful to divide Funds, or encroach on Capital. It shall not be lawful for the incorporation to divide or distribute OF MASONS. 181 the incorporation funds, or to encroach permanently upon the pre- sent capital. 16. — Application of Funds. The funds of the incorporation shall be applied in giving pensions to the widows of deceased members, in giving aid to indigent or decayed members, and to children of deceased members who may be in needful circumstances, or for aids by donations or otherwise to public institutions and benevolent objects; and for the promotion of public measures for the advantage of the Trades' House and this incorporation, and the good of the community, as authorised by the master court or incorporation. 17. — Collector to keep Cash Booh The collector shall keep a cash book, in which shall be regularly entered the sums received and paid by him on behalf of the incor- poration. That book shall be supplied by, and shall be the pro- perty of the incorporation, and shall be open at all times to the inspection of every member of the master court, or qualified mem- ber of the incorporation having the authority of the deacon. The collector shall not retain more of the funds of the incorporation in his hands than shall from time to time be fixed by the master court of the incorporation ; and all sums beyond that amount, not otherwise invested, shall be deposited in such chartered or joint stock bank in Glasgow as the master court shall fix, in the name of the deacon and collector, and their successors, for behoof of the incorporation. 18. — Annual Account to be made up by Collector. The collector shall annually make up an account of his intro- missions with the funds of the incorporation, till the Friday im- mediately preceding the deacons' choosing, showing the revenue and expenditure of the incorporation for the preceding year, which shall be accompanied by a stock account, showing the whole funds and property belonging to the trade, and debts due to and by it. That account, along with the vouchers thereof, shall be submitted to the examination of the master court at a meeting called for the 182 RULES OP INCORPORATION OF MASONS. purpose ; and shall, along with their report thereon, be laid upon the table, and read at the general meeting of the incorporation for choosing the deacon and other office-bearers for the ensuing year. 19. — Master Court to have the privilege to recommend Pensioners on the Funds of \he Trades' House. As heretofore, the master court shall have the privilege of re- commending one or more persons as pensioners on the funds of the Trades' House, according to the enactments made or to be made by the Trades' House to that effect ; and in such recommendation the master court shall certify that the person recommended is a trades' burgess, or has paid the entry money of two guineas, and is a qualified member of the incorporation — and whether he has or has not held the office of deacon of the incorporation, or its re- presentative in the Trades' House ; or is the widow of a qualified member who was a trades' burgess, or had paid that entry money ; and shall also certify his or her age. #0. — Applications for Pensions, &c. Pensions, or other aid from the funds, shall be awarded by the incorporation or master court, on petitions from the applicants. The applications must be lodged with the clerk, who will submit them to the next quarterly meeting, when two of the master court will be appointed to inquire and report upon the case, and the application will be disposed of at the following quarterly meeting, without prejudice to temporary aid being given in the meantime. No person shall be entitled to demand enrolment or pecuniary aid of any kind, and the pension shall be payable during the will and pleasure of the incorporation or master court. 21. — Applications for privileges of Education and admission to Royal Infirmary. All applications for admission to the privileges of education must be made through the representative of the incorporation to the education committee of the Trades' House, who will report to the master court for their consideration, and who shall also report at each quarterly meeting what has occurred during the previous BYE-LAWS OF LODGE ST JOHN. 183 quarter as regards education. Applications for admission to the royal infirmary shall be made to the deacon, who is authorised to grant orders of admission to the extent of the patronage enjoyed by the incorporation. 22. — -Alteration of Regulations. It shall not be competent to make any alteration on these rules and regulations until the same shall have been entertained at a general meeting of the incorporation, and approved of by a majority of duly qualified members present at a subsequent general meet- ing, to be called at the distance of not less than one month from the date of the proposal, for the special purpose of considering and adopting, or rejecting the proposed alteration, with or without modification and amendment. 23. — Copies of Rules. Each entrant shall be furnished with a copy of these rules. CHAPTER XXIV. BYE-LAWS OF THE LODGE OF GLASGOW SAINTS JOHN, NO. 3 BIS. Whereas the Lodge of Glasgow St John has, along with the incor- poration of Masons of the city of Glasgow, been constituted by royal charter and immemorial usage into a lodge of freemasons for a period of eight hundred years, conform to charter of King Malcolm III. of Scotland : « And, whereas, with the view of extending the basis and useful- ness, and increasing the number of the members of this venerable fraternity, the said lodge petitioned to be associated with the Grand Lodge of Scotland, and being admitted, was, by charter thereof, dated 6th May, 1850, constituted a lodge of freemasons, under the 184 BYE-LAWS OP LODGE ST JOHN. title and designation of " The Lodge of Glasgow Saints John, No. 3 Us; " and it being deemed expedient and necessary that certain new and additional regulations should be made for the better government of the lodge, the following have been adopted : — 1. This lodge shall be held exclusively for masonic purposes, and governed by a right worshipful master, past-master, depute and substitute masters, senior and junior wardens, secretary, treasurer, chaplain, bible-bearer, senior and junior deacons, architect, jeweller, director of music, senior and junior stewards, grand marshall, re- presentative steward, inner guard, and tyler, who, with the excep- tion of the past-master, shall be elected annually on the festival of St John, or on the first Tuesday thereafter. All the office-bearers must be master masons, and registered in the books of the Grand Lodge. 2. Two general meetings shall be held in the course of the year, viz., on 24th June, and 27th December, except when these occur on Saturday or Sunday, in which case the meeting shall be held on the Tuesday following, or on such other day as the right worship- ful master and office-bearers shall deem most expedient. The meetings shall be held on the first Tuesday of every month, at eight o'clock ; and the master and office-bearers shall have power to call emergency meetings when required. 3. No person who is not first duly recommended in writing by two members of the lodge (one of whom must be an office-bearer) shall be admitted by initiation ; but members of other lodges may be admitted to all the privileges of ordinary members, on being duly proposed and seconded, and having the consent of the majority of the brethren present, and no member protesting against the same. 4. Each candidate initiated into this lodge shall pay, on his admission, the sum of five pounds sterling, for which sum he shall be admitted to all the degrees of St John's masonry, have his name registered in the books of the Grand Lodge of Scotland, and be supplied with a diploma. Members of other lodges shall be en- rolled (a dispensation being granted from their mother lodge) on payment of the following, viz. : — For an E.A.N, apprentice, two guineas, in addition to fee for registration and diploma; for a BYE-LAWS OF LODGE ST JOHN. 185 fellow craft, one guinea; and for a master mason, fifteen shillings; provided the initiation fee paid to their mother lodge was equal to, or in excess of three pounds ten shillings ; if under that sum, he shall pay ten shillings and sixpence of affiliation fee, and the differ- ence between the sum paid to his mother lodge and that charged by this. Persons distinguished for their zeal in masonry may be admitted honorary members, on being proposed by K.W.M., and carried by two-thirds of the members present, with consent of the office-bearers. 5. Each member of the lodge shall make payment of the sum of three shillings annually, on 27th December, towards the funds, for which he shall be entitled to receive notices of the lodge meetings; and it is hereby declared that any member who shall be in arrear of the said annual payment shall not have any voice at any meet- ings held till such arrears shall be paid up. Any member who shall pay the sum of two pounds two shillings, being fourteen years' annual subscriptions, shall be entitled to receive notices of the lodge meetings, and to all the privileges of the lodge, without further payment thereafter. 6. The whole moneys arising from the entries, initiations, and annual payments, shall be applied in defraying the expenses of sup- porting the lodge, and providing and maintaining the clothing and jewels for the use of the office-bearers thereof, excepting as after- mentioned ; declaring, however, as it is hereby provided and declared, that the master and office-bearers (three to form a quorum) shall have the power of granting aid as they think necessary from time to time, either to the members of this lodge, or to the brethren be- longing to other lodges, or for any charitable masonic purpose. It shall be distinctly understood that no grant can be made, or debt contracted, exceeding five pounds, without first obtaining the consent of the lodge. 7. The treasurer shall keep a correct account of the whole in- tromissions and disbursements from the funds of the lodge, which shall be examined and docquetted by at least three office-bearers, thereafter audited, previous to the annual meeting on 27th Decem- ber. This account shall also be laid before the lodge at these meetings, and if approved of, shall be inserted in the minute book of the lodge, when the treasurer shall hand over all books and 186 BYE-LAWS OP LODGE ST JOHN. moneys connected therewith, and be discharged of his intromissions for the preceding year. 8. The secretaiy shall attend all meetings of the lodge, or of the office-bearers thereof, and shall keep a book of sederunt of all their proceedings; the said book shall be open to inspection of the mem- bers of the lodge at every meeting. It shall also be his duty to warn the office-bearers- and all members (who have paid their test fees) to the different meetings which may be called by the master. For his services he shall be allowed an annual salary, to be fixed by the lodge. 9. The lodge shall be closed at eleven o'clock p.m., and to insure this being done, no business shall be taken up after ten o'clock. 10. The tyler shall attend all meetings, assist in the arrange- ments, and see that none obtain admission but such as are properly qualified. He shall be paid such salary as shall from time to time be fixed by the office-bearers. 11. Every motion duly made and seconded shall be put to the vote by the master if required. 12. The votes shall be taken by a show of hands ; or, in case of a dispute, by division, and counting of the members present. In cases of equality, the master to have the casting vote. 13. The whole heritable property of the lodge shall be vested in trustees ; the moveable property, of whatever description, is, and shall be, vested in the master and office-bearers for the time being, in trust for the use and behoof of the members of the lodge. 14. The office-bearers, for the trustees, shall be empowered to insure the property of the lodge for such sum as they consider necessary ; and also to institute or defend all suits involving the interests of the lodge. 15. The secretary and treasurer shall be directly responsible to the lodge for their intromissions and management, and for the safe custody of such part of the lodge property as may be placed under their charge. The treasurer shall be required to find satisfactory security. 16. On the chair being taken and the lodge opened, the secretary shall read over the draft of the minutes of the previous meeting for approval, which shall thereafter be engrossed in the minute book and authenticated by the master's signature. RULES FOE MEASUREMENT OP MASON WORK. 187 17. A book shall be opened in the entrance hall, in which every member and visiting brother, before gaining admission to the lodge, shall enter his name and masonic designation; this book to be under the charge of the tyler, who shall see this rule complied with. 18. The charter, seal, records, and other papers and jewels, shall be kept in a chest, secured as may be deemed advisable. 19. It shall be always in the power of the lodge to make such additions to, or alterations of, these bye-laws as may be thought proper ; but no addition or alteration of them shall be made until a motion for that purpose shall have lain for consideration for at least three calendar months before it shall be adopted, and carried by the votes of two-thirds of the members present at a meeting called for that purpose. 20. Any member insisting on this lodge being dissolved, or the funds divided, while three members continue to meet in a regular manner, shall be solemnly excluded, and rendered incapable of ever being again admitted. CHAPTEE XXV. RULES FOR MEASUREMENT OF MASON WORK. Rules decreed by Bean of Guild Court in 1815.* By this decree, the Dean of Guild and his Brethren of Council (be- ing of opinion that the said regulations are both simple and com- prehensive, and will tend to prevent disputes between the masons of this city and their employers), " interpone the authority of the Court to the said regulations ; and ordain and direct that the same shall be strictly observed in time coming by all measurers of mason work within this city and liberties, in all cases in which there is * From " Rules and Regulations for Measuring Mason Work, sanctioned by the Dean of Guild Court of Glasgow, 2nd March, 1815." 188 RULES FOR MEASUREMENT no special agreement between the contracting parties inconsistent therewith ; and decern accordingly : And further, appoint the said regulations to be printed for the information of all concerned; and direct that they shall be published at least once in the differ- ent Glasgow newspapers." These rules and regulations are as follow : — 1st. The dimensions of buildings to include no more than is actually erected, and no allowance whatever to be given on account of plumbing scuntions, or levelling for joists, or for wall plates on which sleepers, joists, or roofing are laid (but levelling walls for bond timbers, for fixing grounds or straps for lath, or for fixing linings, are to be measured by the lineal foot or yard, as described afterwards), the dimensions are to be regulated by taking the nett length and the perpendicular height, so that each wall shall include its returning thickness in its nett length, without any girding what- ever. Thus the front wall to be taken over all, outside gables to be taken within the front, and over the back wall, and the back wall to be taken within both the outside gables ; inside gables to be measured within both side walls ; pediments and gable tops which diminish, are to be measured within the skews, both at top and bottom, forming an average length by the perpendicular height, so as to produce the exact area or contents, without any girding or any other allowance whatever : and as the projections and injec- tions of cornices, mouldings, and belts, together with the skews on said gable tops and pediments, are measured and rated by them" selves, no part of these shall be girded or reduced to ruble work, but to be measured and rated by themselves, as afterwards de- scribed. 2nd. Building of every description, whether constructed of ruble or of ashlar materials (excepting those kinds of buildings and articles which are afterwards condescended upon), to be first mea- sured as ruble work, and rated accordingly. 3rd. Two feet to be the standard thickness of building, without any regard to the relative situation or number of vents. Walls exceeding this thickness to be reduced to two feet, except such as are afterwards condescended upon. 4th. Walls under two feet thick are neither to be reduced nor OF MASON WOEK. 189 made up, but to be measured and classed by themselves, and rated accordingly. 5th. Building, composed of large materials, such as are Bold by the cubic foot at the quarry, and dressed square by the mason, is to be measured and rated by the cubic foot ; classing together those materials which differ in value, and rating them according to their respective qualities. 6th. Die walls, pedestals, and parapet walls composed of one stone only in thickness, and also shelves and their supports, are all to be measured wherever they are hewn, and each quality arranged separately, and rated accordingly, without reducing any part of them to, or classing them with, the ruble work. 7th. Columns and pilasters, whether plain, beaded, or fluted, with their lintels and friezes, to be measured by the superficial foot, and each quality to be kept by itself, and rated accordingly, without any part of them being reduced to ruble work. 8th. Arches to be girded at their largest radius, and wherever there are groins introduced into said arches, there is to be one foot six inches for each lineal foot of peen or cutting in said groin, all which is to be arranged, and calculated along with the said arches, and rated accordingly. 9th. All circular buildings are to be girded at the external part of the circle ; in every other respect they are to be measured in the same manner as straight building, but classed by themselves, and rated accordingly. 10th. All apertures of doors and windows to be deducted from the building, the size of the day-light of each, but where arched, the height to be taken to the spring of the arch only. No deduc- tion to be made for vents, recesses, bossings, or presses. 11th. The arched sofits of apertures to be by the lineal foot, but in walls exceeding two feet in thickness, to be by the superficial foot. 12th. Chimney vents to be by the lineal foot, the lengths taken from the top of the hearths to the top of the chimney cope. 1 3th. Levelling for bond timbers built into the walls for fixing grounds or straps for lath, or for fixing linings, are to be measured by the lineal foot or yard, and rated accordingly. 14th. All the plain hewn work of every description, however 1 90 RULES FOB MEASUREMENT situated, to be measured by the superficial foot or yard, and arranged agreeably to its particular quality, and rated accordingly- 15th. Materials differing in value to be classed by themselves, and rated accordingly. 16th. Dimensions of ashlar, and of work similar, to be regulated by the surface, and it is to be understood that the breasts of the rybats and lintels, to the bottom of the checks, and the sills six inches inwards from the check, are to be included in the measure- ment. 17th. Kustic work to have its channels girded into the bottom ) and to be classed by itself. 18th. The rybats and lintels of openings in ruble work, to be girded from the bottom of the inside check to the bottom of the back fillets, and measured by the lineal foot, when at, or less than one foot in girth ; the sills of openings are to have one end pro- jection added to their lengths, and measured wherever they are hewn ; but in the event of window sills not being seen, there is to be six inches added to their girth from the outside of the check inwards. These sills are to be measured by the lineal foot, speci- fying their girth when at, or less than one foot in girth. 19th. The back-sets of rybats and comers on the outside face of walls, which are usually broached or puncheoned in ruble and brick work, are to be measured by the superficial foot, their lengths taken by the average lengths of rybats, lintels, corners, &c. ; or in other words, they are to be measured as they stand, and classed by them- selves, and rated accordingly. 20th. The skews to be measured and girded in the same manner as the rybats are described, and no part of them to be reduced to ruble work, but to be classed by themselves, and rated accordingly- 21st. Cornices and all' other mouldings to be measured at the extreme points for the length, and girded across the mouldings, including the upper bed, to the line of the wall for the breadth, and all to be considered as moulded work, but no part of them to be reduced to ruble work, and each different quality to be arranged separately by itself, and rated accordingly. These to be by the lineal foot, when less than one foot in girth, and to be rated accord- ing to their particular size and quality. 22nd. The chimney jambs are to be measured by the superficial OF MASON WOBK. 191 foot, by girding from the line of the wall, if hewn, to the extremity of the inside edge ; the lintels are to have one end projection added to their lengths, and girded from the plane of the wall as far in- ward as they are hewn, for their breadths ; these lintels are to be measured by the lineal foot when less than one foot in girth ; de- claring, that the projections of these jambs and lintels are not to be reduced to ruble work. 23rd. The steps and plats to be by the superficial foot, and the length to be what they are clear of the walls, the breadth to be taken in the centre, and if hanging and checked to be girded, both joints included ; their ends to be measured at their greatest breadth ; materials and building to be included in the price per foot ; or these steps to be by their number, according to their different size and quality. 24th. Skirtings to be by the lineal foot when under one foot high, above that height to be by the superficial foot, raking skirt- ing to be taken at the greatest height, when by the superficial foot. 25th. Hearths, including laying, to be by the superficial foot, and measured at the extremity. 26th. Pavement, including materials and workmanship, to be by the superficial foot or yard, adding to the nett area six inches in breadth for every lineal foot of circular or bevelled edges that may be in the pavement, bossings excepted, which are to be measured at the extremity. 27th. All circular hewing of the different descriptions to be measured in the same manner as straight work, but classed separ- ately, and rated accordingly. 28th. Circular gutters not being one foot in girth, to be taken by the lineal foot, and classed as circular work, specifying their particular size, and if there is no ruble building behind, then they are to be arranged and classed by themselves, according to their different qualities, and rated accordingly. 29th. Coping on either stone or brick walls, or border stones, to be either by the superficial or lineal foot, agreeably to their different qualities, and rated accordingly. 30th. Drains, sewers, gutters, b.c. 261. 5. Nothatus succeeded his brother Dornadilla anno mundi 3738 ; b.c. 233. 6. Reutherus, Dornadilla, his son, began to reign anno mundi 3758 ; b.c. 213. 7. Reutha succeeded to his brother Reutherus anno mundi 3784 ; b.c. 187. 8. Thereus, Reutherus's son began to reign anno mundi 3798 ; b.o. 173. 9. Josina succeeded his brother Thereus an. mun. 3810 ; B.C. 161. 10. Finnanus, Josina, his son, began to reign anno mundi 3834 ; b.c. 137. 11. Durstus, Finnanus's son, succeeded to his father anno mundi 3864 ; b.c. 107. 12. Evenus I. succeeded to his brother Durstus anno mundi 3873 ; b.c. 98. * In the year of the world. t Before Christ. 15 226 KINGS OP SCOTLAND. 13. Gillus, Evenus's bastard son, succeeded to his father anno mundi 3892 ; B.C. 79. 14. Evemis II., Donallus's son, king Finnanus's brother, began to reign anno mundi 3894 ; B.C. 77. 15. Ederus, son to Dochamus, that was son to Durstus, the 11th king, began to reign anno mundi. 39 11 ; B.C. 60. 16. Evemis III. succeeded his father Ederus anno mundi 3959 ; B.c. 12. 17. Metellanus, Ederus's brother's son, began to reign anno mundi 3966, five years before Christ's incarnation — a very good and modest king ; he died in the 39th year of his reign. In his time there was peace at home and abroad ; and our saviour Jesus Christ was born, and suffered death in his reign. 18. Caractacus, the son of Cadallanus and Eropeia, who was sister to Metellanus, began to reign in the year 34 of the Christian era. 1 9. Corbred I. succeeded his brother Caractacus in the year 54. 20. Dardanus, nephew to Metellanus, began to reign in the year 72. 21. Corbred II., surnamed Galdus, son to the former Corbred, began to reign in the year 76. 22. Luctacus succeeded to his father Corbred II. in the year 111. 23. Mogaldus, son to the sister of Corbred II., began to reign in the year 114. 24. Conarus succeeded to his father Mogaldus in the year 150. 25. Ethodius I., son to the sister of Mogaldus, began to reign in the year 164. 26. Satrael succeeded to his brother Ethodius I. in the year 197. 27. Donald I., the first Christian king of Scotland, succeeded his brother Satrael in the year 201. 28. Ethodius II., son to Ethodius I., began to reign in the year 219. 29. Athirco succeeded his father, Ethodius II., in the year 235. 30. Nathalocus (as some write), son to the brother of Athirco, began to reign in the year 247. 31. Findochus, son of Athirco, began to reign in the year 258. 32. Donald II. succeeded to his brother Findochus in 269. KINGS OP SCOTLAND. 227 33. Donald III., Lord of the Isles, brother to Findoohus, began to reign in the year 270. 34. Crathilinthus, Findochus's son, began to reign in the year 282. 35. Fineormachus, son to the brother of the father of Crathihnthus, began his reign in the year 304. 36. Romachus, brother's son to Crathilinthus, began to reign in the year 351. 37. Augusianus, Crathilinthus's brother's son, succeeded to Eo- machus in the year 354. 38. Fethelmachus, another brother's son of Crathilinthus, began his reign in the year 357. 39. Eugenius I., Fincormachus's son, began to reign in the year 360. 40. Fergus II., Erthus's son's son to Ethodius, began his reign in the year 404. 41. Eugenius II., son of Fergus II., succeeded his father in the year 420. 42. Dongardus succeeded his brother Eugenius II. in the year 452. 43. Constantine I. succeeded to his brother Dongardus in the year 457. 44. Congallus I., son of Dongardus, began to reign in the year 479. 45. Goranus succeeded to his brother Congallus I. in the year 501. 46. Eugenius III., Congallus's son, succeeded to his father and uncle in the year 535. 47. Congallus II. succeeded his brother Eugenius III. in 558. 48. Kinnetellus succeeded to his brother Congallus II. in the year 574. 49. Aidanus, son of Goranus, the forty-fifth king, began to reign in the year 575. 50. Kenneth I., surnamed Keir, son of Congallus II., began to reign in the year 605. 51. Eugenius IV., son of Aidanus, began to reign in the year 606. 52. Ferchard I. succeeded to his father Eugenius IV. in the year 626. 53. Donald IV. succeeded to his brother Ferchard I. in the year 638. 54. Ferchard II. succeeded to his brother Donald IV. in the year 652. 228 KINGS OP SCOTLAND. 55. Malduinus, son to Donald IV., began to reign in the year 670. 56. Eugenius V., Malduinus's brother's son, began to reign in the year 690. 57. Eugenius VI., son to Ferchard II., began to reign in the year 694. 58. Amberkelethus, son of Findanus, son of Eugenius V., began to reign in the year 704. 59. Eugenius VII. succeeded to his brother Amberkelethus, in the year 706. 60. Murdacus, Amberkelethus's son, began to reign in the year 726. 61. Etfinus, Eugenius VII. 's son, began to reign in the year 739. 62. Eugenius VIII., Murdacus's son, began to reign in the year 770. 63. Fergus III., Etfinus's son, began to reign in the year 773. 64. Solvathius, Eugenius VEIL's son, began to reign in the year 776. 65. Achaius, Etfinus's son, began to reign in the year 796. 66. Congallus III., Achaius's father's brother's son, began to reign in the year 828. 67. Dongallus, Solvathius's son, succeeded in the year 833. 68. Alpinus, Achaius's son, succeeded in the year 840. 69. Kenneth II., surnamed the Great, succeeded to his father Alpinus in the year 843. 70. Donald V. succeeded to his brother Kenneth II. in the year 863. 71. Constantine II., son of Kenneth II., began to reign in the year 868. 72. Ethus, surnamed Alipes, the son of Constantine II., succeeded his father in the year 884. 73. Gregory, surnamed the Great, son of Dongallus II., began to reign in 886. 74. Donald VI., son of Constantine II., began to reign in the year 904. 75. Constantine III., son of Ethus, surnamed Alipes, began to reign in the year 915. 76. Malcolm I., son of Donald VI, began to reign in the year 955. 77. Indulphus, son of Constantine III., began to reign in the year 964. KINGS OF SCOTLAND. 229 78. Duffus, the son of Malcolm I., began his reign in the year 973. 79. Culenus, Indulphus's son, began to reign inTthe year 978. 80. Kenneth III., Duffus's brother, began to reign in the year 982. 81. Constantine IV., surnamed Calvus, Culenus's son, began to reign in the year 994. 82. Grimus, Dufius's son, began to reign in the year 996. 83. Malcolm II., son of Kenneth III., began to reign in the year 1006. 84. Duncan I., son of Beatrix daughter of Malcolm II, began to reign in the year 1034. 85. Macbeth, son of Donada daughter of Malcolm II., began to reign in the year 1043. 86. Malcolm III., surnamed Canmore, son of Duncan I., began to reign in the year 1057. 87. Donald VII., surnamed Bane, usurped the crown after the death of his brother, in the year 1093. 88. Duncan II. usurped the crown in the year 1094. Donald VII. made king again in 1095. 89. Edgar, the son of Malcolm III., began to reign in the year 1098. 90. Alexander I., surnamed Fierce, succeeded to his brother in the year 1107. 91. David I., commonly called St David, the younger son of Malcolm III., succeeded his brother in the year 1124. 92. Malcolm IV. succeeded to his grandfather David I. in the year 1153. 93. William, surnamed the Lion, succeeded his brother Malcolm IV. in the year 1165. 94. Alexander II. succeeded his father William in the year 1214. 95. Alexander III. succeeded to his father in the year 1249. 96. John Baliol — he began his reign in the year 1292. 97. Bobert Bruce began his reign in the year 1306. 98. David II. succeeded to his father Robert Bruce in the year 1330. 99. Edward Baliol, son of John Baliol, usurped the crown of Scotland in the year 1332. 230 KINGS OF SCOTLAND, ETC. 100. Kobert II., surnamed Blear Eye, the first of the Stuarts, son to Walter Stuart and Marjory Bruce daughter to king Kobert Bruce, succeeded to his uncle in the year 1370. 101. Robert III., surnamed John Farnezier, succeeded to his father in the year 1390. Eobert, Earl of Fife and Monteith, governed Scotland in the year 1406. Murdoch Stuart succeeded to his father, Eobert, Earl of Fife, in the government of Scotland, in the year 1420. 102. James I. began to reign in the year 1424. 103. James II. succeeded to his father in the year 1437. 104. James III. succeeded to his father in the year 1460. 105. James IV. succeeded his father in the year 1489. 106. James V. succeeded to his father in the year 1514. 107. Mary succeeded her father, James V., in the year 1544. THE UNION OP THE CEOWNS. 108. James VI. succeeded to his mother in the year 1567, and ascended the throne of England as James I., 24th March, 1603. THE COMMONWEALTH. The Commonwealth was declared on 19th May 1649 ; and in 1653 Oliver Cromwell was made Lord Proctector. At his death in 1658, he was succeed in his office by Richard Cromwell, who resigned in 1659. THE RESTORATION. 109. Charles II., eldest son of Charles I., began to reign in the year 1660. 110. James II., second son of Charles I., ascended the throne in the year 1685. He was deposed in 1688, and died 16th September, 1701. 111. William III., son of William, Prince of Orange, by Mary, daughter of Charles I. ; and Mary II., eldest daughter of James II., began to reign in the year 1689. 112. Anne, second daughter of James II., was called to the throne in 1702. PROVOSTS OP GLASGOW. 231 113. George I., son of Elector of Hanover by Sophia, daughter of Elizabeth, who was daughter of James I., began his reign in the year 1714. 114. George II., only son of George I., began to reign in the year 1727. 115. George III., grandson of George II., began his reign in the year 1760. 116. George IV., eldest son of George III, aseended the throne in the year 1820. 117. William IV., third son of George III., commenced his reign in the year 1830. 118. Victoria, daughter of Edward, fourth son of George III, ascended the throne in 1837, — whom may God preserve ! CHAPTER XXIX. THE LORD PROVOSTS OF GLASGOW. The following is a list of the Provosts of Glasgow, from 1268 to the present time. A great blank occurs in the records from 1268 till 1472, after which the continuity is kept unbroken : — Elected 1268 Richard Drimdovis. Alexander Palmer. William Gleg. 1472 John Stewart of Minto. 1480 Sir T. Stewart of Minto. 1513 Sir J. Stewart of Minto. 1528 Sir R. Stewart of Minto. 1538 Arch. Dunbar of Baldoon. 1541 Lord Belhaven. 1543 John Stewart of Minto. 1545 A. Hamilton of Middop. 1553 A. Hamilton of Cochney. 1560 Robt. Lindsay of Dunrod. Elected 1569 Sir J. Stewart of Minto. 1574 Lord Boyd. 1577 T. Crawford of Jordanhill. 1578 Earl Lennox. 1580 Sir M. Stewart of Minto. 1583 Earl of Montrose. 1584 Lord Kilsyth. 1586 Sir M. Stewart of Minto. 1600 Sir George Elphinston of Blythswood. 1607 Sir J. Houston of Houston 1609 James Inglis. 1613 James Stewart. 232 PROVOSTS OF GLASGOW. Elected 1614 James Hamilton. 1617 James Stewart. 1619 James Inglis. 1621 James Hamilton. 1623 Gabriel Cunningham. 1625 James Inglis. 1627 James Hamilton. 1629 Gabriel Cunningham. 1633 William Stewart. 1634 Patrick Bell. 1636 Colin Campbell, sen. 1637 Jamas Stewart. 1638 Patrick Bell. 1639 Gabriel Cunningham. 1640 James Stewart. 1642 William Stewart. 1643 James Bell. 1645 George Potterfield. 1647 James Stewart. 1648 George Potterfield. 1650 John Graham. 1651 George Potterfield. 1652 Daniel Wallace. 1655 John Anderson, sen. 1658 John Bell. 1660 Colin Campbell. 1662 John Bell. 1664 William Anderson. 1607 John Anderson, sen. 1668 William Anderson. 1669 James Campbell. 1670 William Anderson. 1674 John Bell. 1676 James Campbell. 1678 John Bell. 1681 Sir John Bell. 1682 John Barns. 1684 John Johnston. 1686 John Barns. 1688 Walter Gibson. 1689 John Anderson. 1691 James Peadie. 1693 William Napier. 1695 John Anderson. 1697 James Peadie. Elected 1699 John Anderson. 1701 Hugh Montgomerie. 1703 John Anderson. 1705 John Aird, jun. 1707 Kobert Eodger. 1709 John Aird. 1711 Robert Eodger. 1713 John Aird. 1715 John Bowman. 1717 John Aird. 1719 John Bowman. 1721 John Aird. 1723 Charles Millar. 1725 John Stark. 1727 James Peadie. 1728 John Stirling. 1730 Peter Murdoch. 1732 Hugh Eodger. 1734 Andrew Ramsay. 1736 John Coulter. 1738 Andrew Aiton. 1740 Andrew Buchanan. 1742 Lawrence Dinwiddie. 1744 Andrew Cochran. 1746 John Murdoch, jun. 1748 Andrew Cochran. 1750 John Murdoch, jun. 1752 John Brown. 1754 George Murdoch. 1756 Robert Christie. 1758 John Murdoch, jun. 1760 Andrew .Cochran. 1762 Archibald Ingram. 1764 John Bowman. 1766 George Murdoch. 1768 James Buchanan. 1770 Colin Dunlop. 1772 Arthur Connel. 1774 James Buchanan. 1776 Robert Donald. 1778 William French. 1780 Hugh Wylie. 1782 Patrick Colquhoun. 1784 John Coates Campbell. 1786 John Riddel. ROLL OF DEACON CONVENERS. 233 Elected Elected 1788 John Campbell, jun. 1830 1790 James M'DowaU. 1832 1792 Gilbert Hamilton. ■ 1794 John Dunlop. 1834 1796 James M'DowaU. 1837 1798 Lawrence Craigie. 1840 1800 John Hamilton. 1843 1802 Lawrence Craigie. 1846 1804 John Hamilton. 1848 1806 James MacKenzie. 1851 1808 James Black. 1854 1810 John Hamilton. 1857 1812 Kirkman Finlay. 1860 1814 Joshua Heywood. 1863 1816 Henry Monteith. 1866 1820 John Thomas Alston. 1869 1822 James Smith. 1871 1824 Mnngo N. Campbell. 1874 1826 William Hamilton. 1877 1828 Robert Dalglish. James Ewing. Robert Graham of White- hill. William Mills. Henry Dunlop of Craigton Sir James Campbell. James Lumsden, sen. Alexander Hastie. James Anderson. Robert Stewart. Andrew Orr. Andrew Galbraith. Peter Clouston. John Blaekie. James Lumsden. William Rae Arthur. James Watson. James Bain. William Collins. CHAPTEE XXX. ROLL OP DEACON CONVENERS.* Roll of persons who have been Deacon Convener of the Trades of Glasgow from 1604 to 1879. Elected in Duncan SempilL Skipper, 1604. John Braidwood, Cordiner, 1605-06. Ninian Anderson, Cordiner, 1607-08. Thomas Morrison, Cooper, 1609-10. Ninian Anderson, Cordiner, 1611. * Through the courtesy of Thomas Weir, Esq., clerk to the Trades' House, we are enabled to bring down the list of Conveners to date. 234 ROLL OP DBACON CONVENERS. Elected in Thomas Morrison, Cooper, 1612. Patrick Maxwell, Tailor, 1613-14. James Fisher, Maltman, 1615-16. Patrick Maxwell, Tailor, 1617-18. John Braidwood, Cordiner, 1619. Thomas Morrison, Cooper, 1620. John Peadie, Skinner, 1621. Walter Douglas, Maltman, 1622. John Peadie, Skinner, 1623. David Shearer, Cooper, 1 624. William Neilson, Maltman, 1625. Ninian Anderson, Cordiner, 1626-27. William Neilson, Maltman, 1628-29. J Anderson, Cordiner, 1630-31. Ninian Anderson, Cordiner, 1632-33. Gavin Nisbet, Tailor, 1634. Ninian Gilhazie, Maltman, 1635-36. Richard Allan, Tanner, 1637-38. Ninian Gilhazie, Maltman, 1639-40. William Neilson, Maltman, 1641-42. Menasses Lyle, Skinner, 1 643-44. Ninian Gilhazie, Maltman, 1645. Menasses Lyle, Skinner, 1646. N.B. — From 1646 to 1648 there was much con- fusion in the elections, in consequence of the civil war, and the intervening displacement of the magistrates and town councillors. Thomas Scott, Baker, 1647. Menasses Lyle, Skinner, 1 647. W Lightbody, Maltman, 1648-49. Peter Johnston, Tailor, 1650. W Lightbody, Maltman, 1651. Menasses Lyle, Skinner, 1652. Menasses Lyle, Skinner, 1653-54. Walter Neilson, Maltman, 1655-56. Menasses Lyle, Skinner, 1657. N.B. — Election deferred at the desire of His High- ness the Lord Protector. BOLL OF DEACON CONVENERS. 235 Elected in Patrick Bryce, ....Weaver, 1658. John Buchanan, Weaver, 1659. Menasses Lyle, Skinner, 1660-61. John Miller, Tailor, 1662-63. Walter Nielson, Maltman, .....1664-65. John Miller, Tailor, 1666-67. Menasses Lyle, Skinner, 1668. William Wallace, Maltman, 1669-70. James Ferrie, Hammerman, 1671. Patrick Bryce, Maltman, 1672-73. William Wallace, Maltman, 1674. James Ferrie, Hammerman, 1675-76. William Watson, Tailor, 1677-78. James Ferrie, Hammerman, 1679-80. Alexander Ross, Wright, 1681. Robert Telfer, Hammerman, 1 682. John Wallace, Maltman, 1683. John Smith, Hammerman, 1684-85, John Wallace, Maltman, 1686-87. John Wardrop, Cordiner, 1688. John Gilchrist, Tailor, 1689-90, John Wardrop, Cordiner, 1691. Simon Tennant, Tailor, 1692-93, George Nish, Wright, 1694-95. Simon Tennant, Tailor, 1696-97. John Wardrop, Cordiner, 1698-99. Simon Tennant, Tailor, '. 1700-01. Thomas Hamilton, Tailor, 1702-03, George Robertson, Tailor, 1704-05. George Buchanan, Maltman, 1706-07. John Brown, Cordiner, 1708-09. Matthew Gilmour, Hammerman, 1710-11. John Graham, Tailor, 1712-13. Stephen Crawford, Tailor, 1714-15. Matthew Gilmour, Hammerman, 1716-17. John Armour, Tailor, 1718-19. Matthew Gilmour, Hammerman, 1720-21. 236 ROLL OF DEACON CONVENERS. Elected mi James Mitchell, Maltman, 1722-23. John Armour, Tailor, 1724-25. James Mitchell, Maltman, ,...1726. Robert Eeid, Wright, 1727-28. John Clarke, Tailor, 1729-30. John Craig, Hammerman, 1731-32. Walter Lang, Hammerman, 1733. Robert Eobertson, Maltman, 1734. James Drew, Maltman, 1735-36. Thomas Wodrop, Maltman, 1737-38. Andrew Armour, Tailor, 1739-40. Robert Mackie, Hammerman, 1741-42. Thomas Scott, Baker, 1743-44. Matthew Gilmour, Hammerman, 1745-46. John Hamilton, Hammerman, 1747-48. Robert Finlay, Cordiner, 1749-50. James Buchanan, Tailor, 1751-52. James Clarke, Tailor, 1753-54. George Nisbet, Wright, 1755-56.. J. Wotherford, Hammerman, 1757-58. Daniel Munro, Tailor, 1759-60. Duncan Niven, Baker, 1761-62. James Clarke, Tailor, 1763-64. Francis Crawford, Wright, 1765. N.B. — Mr Crawfurd died in office, and his funeral was attended by the members of the Trades' House and the freemen of the fourteen Incorpo- rations. John Jamieson, Skinner, 1766. George Buchanan, Maltman, 1767-68. Walter Lang, Baker, 1769-70. William Craig, Wright, 1771-72. William Ewing, Baker, 1773-74. John Craig, Baker, 1775-76. Duncan Niven, Barber, 1777-78. John Jamieson, Skinner, 1 779-80. R Auchincloss, Cooper, 1781-82. ROLL OP DEACON CONVENEKS. 237 Elected in Robert Mann, Wright, 1783-84. NinianGlen, Wright, 1785-86. John Tennent, Maltman, 1787-88. John M'Aslan, Gardener, 1789-90. James M'Lehose, Maltman, 1791-92. W Auchincloss, Cooper, 1793-94. Robert Robertson, Cooper, 1795-96. Robert WaddeU, Wright, 1797-98. Archibald Newbigging, Weaver, 1799-1800. John Morrison, Wright, 1801-02. George Lyon, Hammerman, 1803-04. Robert Austin, Gardener, 1805-06. William Brand, Dyer, 1807-08. James Cleland, Wright, 1809-10. Basil Ronald, Skinner, 1811-12. Walter Ferguspn, Barber, 1813-14. Robert Ferrie, Wright, 1815-16. John Graham, Baker, 1817-18. Robert Hood, Cooper, 1819-20. James Hunter, Maltman, 1821-22. William M'Tyer, Cordiner, 1823-24. William Rodger, Wright, 1825-26. William M'Lean, Dyer, 1827-28. John Alston, Weaver, 1829-30. Archibald M'Lellan, Hammerman, 1831-32. James Graham, Wright, 1833. Archibald M'Lellan, Hammerman, 1834. James Graham, Wright, 1835. Thomas Neilson, Flesher, 1836-37. John Neil, Weaver, 1838-39. George Dick, Skinner, 1840-41. Andrew Fowler, Gardener, 1842-43. Thomas Brownlie, Mason, 1844-45. John M'Callum, Hammerman, 1846. John Stewart, Cooper, 1847-48. William York, Mason, 1849-50. David Yuile, Maltman,. ... t 1851-52. 238 BUILDINGS. Elected in James Craig, Cordiner, 1853-54. James Wilson, Wright, 1855-56. John Morrison, Hammerman, 1857-58. Adam M'LeUan, Tailor, 1859-60. Anthony Inglis, Hammerman, 1861-62. James Graham, Wright, 1863-64. Thomas Blyth, Cordiner, 1865-66. Walter Bannerman, Wright, 1867-68. Thomas Warren, Hammerman, 1869-70. James Neilson, Maltman, 1871-72. William Smith, Hammerman, 1873-74. Archibald Gilchrist, Hammerman, 1875-76. Eobert Alexander Bogue,... Tailor, 1877-78. The following trades have had Conveners in office as under : Maltmen, - 29 times. Bakers, 7 Tailors, 25 „ Weavers, 5 Hammermen, 23 „ Gardeners, 3 Wrights, 18 „ Masons, 2 Cordiners, 15 „ Barbers, 2 Skinners, 15 „ Dyers, 2 Coopers, 9 „ Fleshers, 1 times. CHAPTEK XXXI. BUILDINGS BRIDGES — -CANALS, ETC. BUILDINGS. The University was founded in 1443 by Bishop Turnbull, the charter in its favour being granted by James II., and the bull for the erection by Pope Nicholas V. It was situated in the High BUILDINGS. 239 ■street. The eastern division of the buildings was erected in or about the year 1611, but in 1811, having become unfit for the purposes for which they were built, they were taken down, and a magnificent range, from designs by Peter Nicholson, fronting the college park, took their place. The old Observatory stood on the east of these grounds. The Observatory, which previously stood in the College grounds, east of High street, was in 1810 removed to the west of Blyths- wood square. The building was Egyptian, from designs by Mr Webster of London. It was afterwards removed to its present site on Dowanhill. The Hunterian Museum at the College was erected in 1804. It was a handsome building of the Roman Doric style ; Mr William Stark, architect. Laigh (Tron) kirk was built in 1566, the steeple in 1637. College (Blackfriars') church built in 1622, destroyed in 1666, rebuilt 1699, removed in 1877 to enlarge railway station, and new church built at Dennistoun. Merchants' hall and steeple, Bridgegate, built 1651 ; Sir Wm. Bruce of Kinross, architect. The steeple still stands. The Old Jail (Tolbooth) stood between the Tontine and the Cross steeple until 1812. In that year it was sold to James Cleland by public roup for £8000, or £45 per square yard, on condition that he would erect a new building, to a design by Mr David Hamilton, architect, which was built by Deacon Broom. The Jail and Court Houses were built in 1810, in Grecian Doric, the portico being taken from the Pantheon. Wm. Stark, architect; Waddell & Park, masons ; Galloway & Jeffray, wrights. The cost was about £35,000. The Town Hall Buildings and Tontine, in Trongate, a very hand- some range, were finished in 1636. There were some valuable paintings of several of our kings, queens, and statesmen, in this building, but which we presume have now been removed. Flax- man's fine statue of William Pitt (now in the Corporation Galleries) stood here for many years. The Tontine Hotel and coffee rooms were built in 1781 ; Mr Wm. Hamilton, architect. He displayed great skill in throwing the arcade of the town hall into an extensive piazza, retaining the upper 240 BUILDINGS. cross walls of the former building. The piazza and hotel have recently been converted into a warehouse, and the fine old piers, arches, and beyond all the rare old caricatured human faces, which attracted the attention of all strangers, have been removed to make way for plate glass. The hotel being gone, the coffee or reading room followed, and also the old town hall. It may be said the glory of this fine old building has departed. What would Rob Eoy and bailie Nicol Jarvie say now if they could visit their old quar- ters? Bottle House, built in 1730, was situated where the present custom-house stands, and extends backwards towards Howard street. [Took out some of its foundations on building in Howard street, 30 years ago. — Ed.] St Andrew's church commenced in 1739, finished in 1756. City Guard House, which stood in Candleriggs street, was, in 1810, removed to the east side of Montrose street. The front wall was built with piers and arches, forming a piazza. In 1756 the Steeple of the High church, having been damaged by lightning, was repaired by Mungo Naismith, who built St Andrew's church. St Enoch's church built 1780 ; Jas. Jaffrey, architect; Alex. Broom, builder. In 1786 there were only two houses built in the new town, which may be said to have commenced at Queen street, but the progress of building, during the course of thirty years, in the old portions of the city, was almost enough of itself to make a town. In 1815 there were 165 tenements building at one time. In 1788 the Magistrates aud Council remitted to the Dean of Guild Court the linings of streets, buildings, and all matters con- nected therewith, and to keep records of the same. In 1728 they passed an act to prevent buildings being erected until first lined by the Dean of Guild court. In 1789 Bridewell and the Grammar School were built. In 1789 the ancient ruins of the Bishop's Palace, at the Cathe- dral, were removed to make way for the Royal Infirmary, which was erected in the year 1792 ; Robt. & Jas. Adam, architects. In 1791 the Trades' Hall, Glassford street, was built; Robert Adam, architect. BUILDINGS. 241 In the same year the Surgeons' Hall, in St Enoch square, was built; now the site of St Enoch station. The Tron Church was destroyed by fire in 1793, and rebuilt the following year from plans by James Adam. As there were no police at this time, the citizens patrolled the streets, mustering in the Tron session-house. Being provided with a good fire for their comfort, it is supposed that it had ignited the flooring after the patrol had left, and the edifice was thus destroyed. In 1795 the Foot Barracks were built. In 1796 the Assembly Rooms, Ingram street, were built; Jas. Adam, architect. In 1797 the Barony church was built; Mr Adam, architect. In 1802-3 Hutchesons' Hospital, at the corner of Ingram and John streets, was rebuilt ; David Hamilton, architect. St George's church was built in 1807; William Stark, architect; Waddell & Park, builders. In 1810 Gorbals church, at the corner of Nicholson street, was built; David Hamilton, architect. During the same year the old Observatory was built ; and the Jail, Guard House, and Slaughter Houses rebuilt. The Roman Gatholic Chapel, Clyde street, was built in 1813, and was seated for 2200. It cost £13,000, which was raised in small weekly contributions, like " Peter's pence.' 7 James Gillespie was the architect, and Thomas Smith the mason. Town's Hospital (Poor House) was erected in 1733 in front of the Clyde, just east of the Eoman Catholic chapel. The magis- trates gave the ground free, and subscriptions were got up for the erection of the buildings, which amounted to £1335. For its maintenance the inhabitants were assessed in the sum of £250, the Town Council engaging to contribute £140, the Merchants' House £60, the Trades' House £120, and the General Session £250, making in all £820. On the 1st February after there were 97 persons in the house; and in February, 1735, there were 152. Prior to the erection of this hospital, the accommodation for the poor was very indifferent. The hospital was removed to the build- ings in Parliamentary road vacated by the Lunatic Asylum, and on the old site were built a fish market, shops,