.ks" aJI;<|,vA«l'- ,^^ 1002 ^^ fxs&iiftai. (fimmll Wimvmti^ ^ihxm^ THE GIFT OF ..'O^kiU \)SA>^isr«~w....L k VSI.-l.S.'x^ \^.\M..o.n^... Cornell University Library HS2725.P5 U582 Chronicle of the Union League of Phiiade 3 1924 032 571 378 oiin Overs 'fifer The date shows when this volume was taken. All books not in use for instruction or re- ,-^ search are limited to ■'-rhr'i f.(jK"r four weeks to all bor- rowers. Periodicals of a gen- eral character should be returned as soon as possible ; when needed beyond two weeks a special request should be made. .' All student borrow- ers are limited to two weeks, with renewal privileges, when the book is not needed by others. Books not needed during recess periods should be returned to the library, or arrange- ments made for their return during borrow- er's absence, if wanted. Books needed by more than one person belong on the reserve list. Cuk.lil ^j^^- H5 ?5 Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924032571378 o I Chronicle of the union league of philadelphia 1862 to 1902 ILLUSTRATED Amor pa.tria.e duett PHILADELPHIA 1902 K E.M. KMs-j-i ^a- PRINTED FOR THE UNION LEAGUE BY WM. F. FELL & CO., PHILADELPHIA THE UNION LEAGUE OF PHILADELPHIA Founded, November 22, 1862 Organized December 27, 1862 Incorporated March 30, 1864 First House, m8 Chestnut Street, Opened January 22, 1863 Second House, 1216 Chestnut Street, Opened August 18, 1864 Present Union League House Opened May ir, i86; THE UNION LEAGUE BOARD OF DIRECTORS Elected December g, igor President Joseph G. Darlington Vice-Presidents Wm. B. Van Lennep, M.D. Edward T. Stotesbury James F. Hope William M. Coaxes Secretary DiMNER Beeber Treasurer Max Riebenack Directors Charles K. Barns Robert C. Lippincott Edwin S. Stuart George W. Elkins William T. Tilden Thomas Potter, Jr. Dimner Beeber Samuel B. Stinson J. S. W. Holton J. B. Walker, M.D. Herman P. Kremer William H. Lambert Dr. John D. Thomas Max Riebenack Henry E. Garsed THE UNION LEAGUE COMMITTEE ON HISTORY The committee having in charge the pubUcation of this volume is composed of the following members of the Union League : J. Levering Jones, Chairman R. Dale Benson Joel Cook James C. Brooks Silas W. Pettit James Butterworth Charles E. Pugh John H. Converse M. Hampton Todd Joseph G. Darlington, ex officio The above is the Committee on History as now constituted. It has also embraced for brief periods C. Stuart Patterson, P. F. Rothermel, Jr., and Hon. Samuel W. Pennypacker. The committee was appointed under a resolution passed by the Board of Directors on April ii, 1899, which was as follows : "Whereas, It has been thirty-seven years since the Union League was organized, and its liistory has been iilled with events that have often borne an intimate relation to the progress of our country, therefore be it "Resolved, That, for the purpose of making a permanent record of the part which the Union League has performed as a The Union League of Philadelphia social and civic body in the life of Philadelphia and the nation, a committee of ten be appointed by the President, to consist of four members of the Board of Directors and six from the general mem- bership of the Union League, to take such action directed to the preparation and publication of a history of the Union League as they may deem expedient, at a cost not exceeding two thousand dollars." The allowance provided for in the resolution was subsequently increased, owing to the number of illus- trations it was deemed judicious to introduce into the work, and because it was found advisable to enlarge the volume considerably beyond the size originally contemplated. INTRODUCTION The Chronicle of the Union League describes in its opening chapter a tragedy — a civil war which was desolating a continent. Its nearly concluding lines detail a tragedy — the death of the noble McKinley, one of the saddest, most inconceivable incidents in the annals of the human race. It is in the period extend- ing between these two terrible historical landmarks that we compass the existence of an organization that may be appropriately designated one of the famous institutions of Philadelphia. Patriotism has been under all circumstances the keynote of action and of civic expression in the Union League. Patriotism was the spirit that pervaded its last great solemn meeting — a mournful memorial gathering by men of every pursuit, who met to do honor to an assassinated President of the Republic. Patriotism it is that speaks in the pages of this volume, which tell the literal and unaffected story of its objects and achievements. It is the story of citizens who loved the Union, and endeavored to perform their duty to it. It seeks to preserve the memories of men who have been an honor to our city and an example to posterity. The pioneer of the Union Leagues in the country, The Union League of Philadelphia this organization had an unusual responsibihty im- posed upon it. It originated in an hour of grave national peril. It has never faltered in its devotion to the general public purposes that led to its creation, and to-day is as loyal to the progressive policies of the Republic as when its determined founders met to aid and succor the cause of liberty, in a divided and dis- tracted country. In this narration there has been considered not alone the influential part which the Union League has taken in public affairs, but there has been an endeavor to make adequate allusion to its social features. Its material growth has been portrayed from the time when its projectors first met in a private residence, until the present, when its home is recognized as one of the most notable buildings erected in our city dur- ing the latter half of the nineteenth century ; its financial growth is reviewed ; its rooms, statues, paint- ings, and library are described ; and a glimpse is furnished of the life within its walls, where its mem- bers meet in the agreeable atmosphere of cosmo- politan contact. The committee having the direction of the publi- cation of the Chronicle of the Union League ask the indulgence of the members wherever they have omitted mention of men identified with its career, and entitled to consideration. Such omissions have un- doubtedly occurred. It must be remembered, how- ever, that the facts given have been drawn from here- tofore largely undigested materials, with the conse- quence that interesting incidents entided to mention. Introduction and distinguished men deserving of compliment, have inevitably and unconsciously been unnoted in this recital. About one-half of the book was prepared origi- nally by Mr. Oliver H. G. Leigh ; the balance princi pally by members of the committee. Especial recognition must be given Mr. Joel Cook for his services in the general preparation of the work. Acknowledgment must also be given to Mr. William Perrine ; to Alfred Lee, Esq., the Libra- rian of the Union League ; to William MacLean, Jr., Esq., J. Ashton Devereux, Esq., John Kent Kane, Esq., Mr. N. F. Heckler, Superintendent of the Union League, Mr. H. T. Detwiler, Mr. Archibald Millar, and Mr. Henry Rainey for valuable assistance in the collating and arranging of material. ERRATA PAGE So. G. A. Crosman should be G. H. Crosman. ^9> 33^! 544' Maccuen and McEwen should be MacEuen. 99, 127, 305. No. 1210 Chestnut Street should be No. 1216 Chestnut Street. no. Dr. Alonzo Potter should be described as the Bishop of Pennsylvania. 332. Macari should be Maccari. 332. Barbarini should be Barbaro. 333. Cammerance should be Cammerano. TABLE OF CONTENTS PART I ORIGIN OF THE UNION LEAGUE CHAPTKR PACK I. The Days of Stress and Gloom, 17 II. The Slavery Problem and Social Disruption, .... 25 III. The Union Club, . .34 IV. From Union Club to Union League, 51 V. The Union League at Work, .... . . 68 VI. The Union League Military Work, 83 VII. The Union League Literary, Philanthropic, and Politi- cal Work, . 102 VIII. The Union League's Third Year, .121 IX. Echoes from the Field, 132 List of Pamphlets Distributed by the Union League Board of Publication, . .154 PART II GROWTH OF THE UNION LEAGUE X. President Johnson and General Grant, . . 163 XI. President Grant, .178 XII. Centennial Exposition — Presidents Hayes and Garfield, 201 XIII. Presidents Arthur and Cleveland, . . ... 217 XIV. Presidents Harrison and Cleveland, . . . 231 XV. President McKinley, .253 XVI. President McKinley's Second Election, .270 XVII. Founders' Day, 1900, 282 The Union League of Philadelphia PART III THE UNION LEAGUE AS A CLUB CHAPTER XVIII. Story of the Union League House, 303 XIX. The Library and Art Collection, 320 XX. The Finances and Membership, 337 XXI. The Presidents of the Union League, ... . 346 XXII. Founders of the Union Club and the Union League, 370 XXIII. Notable Men of the Union League, 397 XXIV. Death of President McKinley, ... . . 418 XXV. The Charter and By-Laws, . . . . . . 440 PART IV THE UNION LEAGUE LISTS XXVI. The Officers and Members, 461 XXVII. The Guests of the Union League, 531 XXVIII. Honors Conferred by the Union League, 540 XXIX. The Union League Art Collection, ... .544 ILLUSTRATIONS Union League House, Frontispiece. FACING Original Site of Union League House, Broad and Sansom Streets, 1863, . Editorial in "The Palmetto Flag," Original Union League Badge, . . Morton McMichael, William M. Meredith, George H. Boker, .... . . Union League Medal, presented to President Lincoln and other distin- guished men during the war, Advertisement for Recruits by the Union League, 1864, Headquarters for Recruiting Colored Troops, . J. Gillingham Fell, . . . . Old Engraving of Volunteer Refreshment Saloon and Hospital, 1S64, . . Camp William Penn, Encampment of Colored Regiments, Chelten Hills, near Philadelphia ; Reproduced from the " National Guard," July 18, 1863, . . . . War Poster Issued by Board of Publication, 1864, Facsimile of Telegram Announcing Lee's Surrender, 1865, First Union League House, No. 11 18 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, . Title Page of War Pamphlet Issued by Board of Publication, . Title Page of War Pamphlet Issued by Board of Publication, . Main Hall, Union League House, . . . . .... Reception Room, Union League House, . . . . . . Union League Medal Presented to General Meade (Obverse), . . Facsimile of Poster Issued 1868,. . . . Smoking Room, Union League House, Grand Staircase, Union League House, Grand Staircase, Union League House, . Banqueting Room, Union League House, . Assembly Hall, Union League House, Flemish Room, Union League House, , Colonial Room, Union League House, . . Oyster Cafe, Union League House, .... Old Cafe, Union League House, PAGE 20 36 44 54 62 72 80 88 96 104 108 112 116 124 128 134 136 164 168 170 172 176 180 184 188 196 204 208 212 220 Xlll The Union League of Philadelphia FACING PAGE New Caf6, Union League House, 224 Restaurant, Union League House, 228 Silas W. Pettit, . . 232 A Sleeping Apartment, Union League House, 236 Union League Medal Presented to General Meade (Reverse), 238 Edwin H. Fitler, . 240 Engine and Dynamo Room, Union League House, 242 Barber Shop, Union League House, 250 Souvenir of President McKinley's Visit to the Union League Peace Jubi- lee, October, 1898, 256 C. Stuart Patterson, 260 Charles E. Smith, 272 Facsimile of Signatures of President McKinley and Other Guests of the Union League, Founders' Day, 1900, . 284 Directors' Room, Union League House, 304 The Union League in 1865; Reproduced from "Evening Bulletin," May 5, 1865 306 Main Billiard Room, Union League House, 312 Office of President and Secretary, Union League House, ... ... 316 Library, Union League House, 324 Chess Room, Union League House, . • . . . 328 Memorial Tablet, Union League Regiments in V/ar of the Rebellion, . . 332 Union League Ground Plan, May 20, 1897, when Fifteenth Street Proper- ties were Purchased, ... 340 Horace Binney, Jr., . 348 John P. Verree, 352 Edwin N. Benson, ... . .... 356 William C. Houston . ^60 John Russell Young, ... . . . 364 Some of the Founders of the Union Club and the Union League, . . . 380 Some of the Founders of the Union Club and the Union League, . . . 384 Some of the Founders of the Union League, 388 Joseph G. Darlington, . . . . 420 Facsimile of Articles of Association of the Union League, 1862, 440 XIV ORIGIN OF THE UNION LEAGUE PART I 1862-186S ORIGIN OF THE UNION LEAGUE CHAPTER I THE DAYS OF STRESS AND GLOOM In preparing the Chronicle of an organization of j, , ., ,. the character of The Union League of Philadelphia, the before first attention naturally is drawn to the impressive building causes — national and local — in which it had its origfin. It grew out of the necessities of the dark days of stress and gloom which opened the War of the Rebel- lion. The passing of a generation inevitably dims the perception of the next to much that is most precious in its achievements. It bequeathes the visible outcome of its constructive work, but who gives serious thought to the thankless task of the men who had first to clear away obstructions and dig deep below the surface that its foundation-stones should stand sure ? The stately edifice is utilized and praised ; the perilous toil of the fighting builders who reared it with sword and trowel is easily forgotten. 2 17 TJie Union League of Philadelphia Forgotten factors The Union League's inspiration We pay but sorry respect to our qualities of pene- tration and justice when we lavish on the outer orna- mental carvings the admiration which should be fairly shared by the buried bricks that give stability, unglori- fied because unseen. Inheritors of a noble estate are in truth only doing bare justice to themselves rather than to their benefactors by keeping ever in clear view the acts, causes, and motives by which the fathers established the house, and endowed it with its nobility. A history of a social organization, however strong and glittering, offers little promise of interest that shall be genuine, wide-spread, or readable for its own sake. Institutions that outclass clubs in the elements passing for greatness have before now found their spirited efforts to stir public enthusiasm fall tame. No mere inventory of the proudest belongings nor roll of honored names can thrill the national heart if it does not also reveal the secret of the Union League's strength and renown. Should some student of the great social forces of our time and country ask what that secret was and is, he will find it in every page of these records of its origin and progress. It inspired the thought that gave substance and life to a vague desire ; it brought order out of chaos, power out of weakness, unity out of confusion, and a disheartened body of bewildered stragglers it welded into a conquer- ing host. Strong love of country has been the secret of the Union League's success. Profound devotion to the national idea, in things great and small, has ever been the bugle-note of its triumphal march The Days of Stress and Gloom through struggle and gloom to the pedestal of honor. This same old open secret gave Philadelphia its The pioneer fitness to be the birthplace of a noble cause, — Philadel- '^'*y phia, the pioneer city, mother of immortal movements, — directed by the men of the Proprietary and the Revolution and the simple-hearted heroes of the Civil War. In the days of the early sixties there was a compact national and civic loyalty. The younger generation of the Union League will be quickened with new and proud enthusiasms as they catch the throb of fervid patriotic emotion that inspired the original members to brave perils in their founding of this first of nation-welding local institutions. Our latter-day buildings tower to the clouds, as the businesses they house dwarf the commercial undertakings of our fathers ; yet in the deeds and aims that make a nation's greatness it may be that ours, by comparison, is the day of small things. Take a quick survey of Philadel- phia's past as a maker of history, and count back from the foundation-stone of this Union League the proud line of its monumental landmarks of progress. To gauge the full measure of the Union League as at first a national utility and a patriot's stronghold, still it must be viewed in its orderly relation to these local movements of which it has been the worthy successor and, in a high sense, the destined product. If the its long greatest good of the greatest number is the true ideal bead-roll of of happy government, that ideal is strictly compre- hended in Pennsylvania's claim to be a Commonwealth, and not less fitly is Philadelphia's Arcadian name jus- 19 The Union League of Philadelphia tified in a survey of the works begun and continued in the true fraternal spirit for the welfare of the family at large — the prosperous, the prodigal, the afflicted, and the wayward. From the beginning Philadelphia was a sign and pledge of progressive life in fraternity and freedom. From the planning of the city by Penn down to the present renaissance of the arts and sciences, practical and other, it is a panorama of ever-broadening aims and deeds that expand a nation's power and also its heart. In the light of national history its citizens have been all along a sturdy Union League for the common purpose of leaving their city and country better than they found them. A city with such a past can smile at the kindly-envious taunt of leisureliness. Like its Fairmount oaks and elms, its slow growth in trunk and branch has been so sure, so wide-reaching, so full of stately glory. And its above-ground magnitude is not all ; each bough and offshoot that meets the eye is matched by others, older but out of sight. The grand old tree, with timber and leafage, owes its majestic pro- portions to the far-spreading roots drawing patriotic virtue from the soil enriched by the blood of its soldier devotees. Its noble Its bead-roll may be familiar, but this is the place to retell it. First Penn, championing religious liberty and social fraternity ; then Washington, advocate of civil liberty and national life ; then Congress, with its writers and speakers, making secure the independence gained ; then Franklin, pioneering philosophy and practical science ; then Morris, Hamilton, and others establish- movements CO o I The Days of Stress and Gloom ing national finance ; then Girard, in the vanguard of commerce and wise philanthropy. Though the first anti-slavery societies of Philadelphia and New York only date from 1833, the Friends of Penn's city made it a "disownable" offence to buy slaves in 1755, and excommunicated those who refused to free their slaves in 1776. They succeeded in getting the Assembly to pass a gradual abolition measure in 1780. Philadel- phia was the national capital from 1 790 to 1 800. It its early established the first university, so entitled, in 1779, foundatiorvs which was the development of the chartered school of 1755 ; the first daily newspaper in 1784; the first and oldest club in the world, with an unbroken existence since 1732, the State in Schuylkill; the first brick church, Gloria Dei, the "Old Swedes," in 1700; the first volunteer fire association in 1 736. Its Penn Charter School dates from 1701 ; the Germantown Academy, 1759; the Protestant Episcopal Academy, 1785; the Aimwell Free (Friends') School for Girls, 1796 ; and the Pennsylvania Hospital, 1 75 1. Citizens of Philadelphia have pioneered or led the van in our early literature, in magazines, as Grahams, Sartains, Godeys, and others ; also in founding learned philosophical and philan- thropic societies and libraries. They were foremost in ship-building, for peace and war ; in railway and loco- motive construction, laying the first car-track in 1827 ; in establishing and improving the public school sys- tem ; Philadelphia was the first great manufacturing centre and commercial port. It showed how to carry a vast International Centennial Exhibition to com- plete success. It was the pioneer, and is still a The Union League of- Philadelphia shelter, now a tower leader, in promoting the arts and sciences, notably those of medicine ; in holding high the profession of law ; it is world-renowned for its industries, trade, and commerce. First a When the evil days came, with social cleavage be- cause of radical variance over the root evil of slavery, Philadelphia was only sustaining her reputation as pioneer in the rough path that led to national honor and safety. It all looks so simple and smooth now ! We view it from the vantage-point of our heritage, improved and beautified by those who redeemed it from the wilderness. It is easy to pay conventional tribute to the men who foresaw the permanent need of some sheltering place and armory before the then peril became overwhelrning disaster. In his first re- port as secretary, in 1863, Mr. Boker crowds a volume of pregnant significance into the few words in which he speaks of the newly formed Union Club as " a refuge rather than a resort for loyalty." We who only know it in its maturity as a palace of unmenaced strength and luxury are too apt to forget in our ease that to those who built it in the anxious days it was little else than a hastily raised breastwork, serving more as a sanctuary than a camp for fighters. The younger men of the Union League, and of the patriotic band whose banner-bearer it so long has been, will find their pulses beat faster as they make the fascinating trip back across the gulf of nearly forty years, and see themselves in the surroundings of their fathers, the Union League pio- neers. The wanderer over the peaceful English landscape lights on antique towers with quaint little The Days of Stress and Gloom churches nestling at their bases. The storms of cen- turies have mellowed their stones into soothing tints, and robes of ivy give the gentle grace that betokens prosperity with permanence. He may well rest con- tent with the sense of venerable dignity in repose, and see no trace of less happy times in their history. Yet the old gray-stone poem before him may be one of the primitive towers of refuge and defence reared when wars ravaged the country. From the flat top of this ungainly pile our forefathers kept keen lookout for the foreign marauders that shattered the peace of the local folk. From that tower blazed many a beacon-light to guide and cheer the stalwart fighting- men who went out to protect their homes. This is the glory of our first fabric, the modest stronghold of a jeopardized unity. The originating cause of the Union League was Cause of dire national peril ; its inspiration was pure and disin- ^^^ Union , .. .^,. , . League terested patriotism ; its foundation-stone was devotion to the Union ; its founders and fortifiers were the true sons of the founders and upbuilders of the nation. The glitter of war draws the common eye away from the plain drab hue of civic home life to the crimsoned stage trod by the captains. Trite though the saying be, it needs reiterating that there is an equal heroism of quiet life. Not the heroic side of duty alone. The glory of pioneering implies a stouter courage, a tougher moral fibre to endure a long strain. These men of foresight braved perils that threatened social wounds and the destruction of lifelong ties. The drift of influential opinion was going against them. 23 The Union League of Philadelphia In these trying conditions they banded together as a The phalanx phalanx of patriots determined to mark in the clearest of patriots way the dividing-line between insidious disloyalty and open allegiance to the Union. 24 CHAPTER II THE SLAVERY PROBLEM AND SOCIAL DISRUPTION The first great impressive cause leading up to the national conditions in which the Union League of Philadelphia had its origin was the slavery problem. For the purpose of this narrative it is not necessary to trace the detailed history of the institution none now wish to restore and few care to defend, even aca- demically. There had been from the first years of the republic a moral wave of growing force against slavery. Only three of the thirteen Southern States had stood Foreshadow- out for the continuance of the right to import slaves, emancipation under the new-formed Constitution, until the year 1808. The system had slowly established itself as on the whole a self-justified social institution. Moralists developed a tolerant spirit as its outwardly smooth working widened its general acceptance by the people at large. It nurtured an aristocratic idea not unwelcome to repub- lican descendants of monarchical colonists, luxuriat- ing under Southern skies. These easily acquired a notion of their innate superiority to the middle-class rank and file of the Eastern trading-folk. By and by the natural operation of the laws of progress set a limit to the dreams of the feudal perfectionists. The patriarchal regime began to crumble under the stress 25 The Union League of Philadelphia Complex Southern troubles Compromise as an aid to the right of competition with the wiser because juster system of free conditions, as free, at least, as human society in modern environments can make them. Slave breeding outran the possibilities of profitable utilization of their labor. Population in the free States not only grew faster than in the slave States, but brains and muscles expanded where in the South they were stationary and comparatively degenerating. Commercial rivalry brought the vital tariff question into the arena. In its meshes struggled the doc- trine of State sovereignty. South Carolina scored a point that left its impress on the wrangle of the next thirty years. With slavery, tariff, and the claim of State independence beating at the door of Government in discordant concert, the loyal citizen was put to it how best to reconcile his civic pride with his desire for a life at peace with his compatriots. So fundamen- tal a split in the conceptions of what good and strong government should be was felt as a discredit to patri- otism and a menace to national existence. When Congress committed the people to the Missouri Com- promise it, perhaps unwittingly, dug the grave of the slavery it permitted to flourish under geographical, not ethical, limitations. It was a despairing confession by a great nation's assembly that a wiser and smoother- working device had not come within their ken. This permissive act of what some thought strength and others weakness, gave an immense impetus to the moralists who advocated right before expediency. In their dismay at the prospect of the belittleinent coming upon them the Southerners cast about for a moral war- 26 The Slavery Problem and Social Disruption cry of their own. They held a power it was hard to break down. State sovereignty had strong sway over Congress, commerce, and cultured society. In the faith that the throne of this sovereignty rested on slavery, the Abolitionists set to work to pull that foundation- stone away and so bring down the seat of power. Fugitive slaves were being forcibly captured on Free State territory, to the shame and indignation of North- erners. This led to Liberty Bills being passed in some States, giving the fugitives greater securities and com- pensations than the common law afforded, which acts provoked the South into charging them with being unconstitutional and tending to separation. Then came the struggle over the Kansas-Nebraska preiudes of territory, whether it was to be a free or a slave-holding war settlement. The Free Soil force won, though the fierce passions kindled burst out afresh in the deplorable assault on Charles Sumner by Brooks in the Senate Chamber. The next clash was at Harper's Ferry, leading up to the shot at Fort Sumter that sounded the knell of slavery. Secession was not only in the air, it was trumpeted to all the people from the mouth of cannon. As in their extremity the best men may say and do things they would repudiate in calmer times, so there were many secessionists and Northern sympathizers who boldly defended the issue at its root by elaborate arguings for the divinely sanctioned institution of slavery. This proven, the justice of secession, armed resistance, and separate nationality followed by right. Nothing short of a full perusal of the pamphlet literature, pulpit fulminations, platform 27 The Union League of Philadelphia pleadings, and newspaper matter put forth on behalf of the South in the five years preceding the rise of the Union League, can adequately impress those born since the sixties with the tremendous convulsion then being experienced by the national mind and conscience. There was no peace possible for the hearts of those who loved their country and longed for its peace and prosperity. The subject-matter of the problem was complex, and each of its points pricked home to all A time that the thoughtful. The pain was acutest when political tried men's i .-i.^- i ^ • • i , souls hostilities kept cropping up in places ot common as- sembly. Topics hitherto flavored at most by kindly banter, now took on the acidulous taint. Friends found it needed diplomacy to round off sharp corners in exchanging ideas on the news of the day. Even the fireside paradise was invaded by the evil spirit. Two voices seemed to outvie each other in harsh dis- cord where harmony had been the common pleasure. These milder animosities were bound to spread and deepen. Human nature gains little of the angelic from political or social war. Political parties were mixed in Pennsylvania when the Presidential election of i860 placed Abraham Lincoln at the helm. Contradictory motives animated those who, under the new name of the People's Party, helped to hand the hitherto Democratic State to the Republican President. Under the popular labels, always unsatisfactory and sometimes meaningless, public feeling gave polyphonic expression to senti- ments that neutralized each other in the confusion of politics. Even Philadelphia uttered an uncertain sound, 28 The Slavery Problem and Social Disruption if we may judge by reports of gatherings addressed by leading men. At one of these meetings, held in Independence Square, December 13, i860, one so Patriotism in eminent as Justice Woodward, of the Supreme Court solution of the State, in pleading for toleration of the South, did not shrink from avowing his conviction that slavery had been "an incalculable blessing." The new President, with all his large endowment of the humanities, had gone no farther in the direction of abolition than the expression of his hope that slavery would in due time be "put where the people would be satisfied that it was in course of ultimate extinction." The plain man, ill at ease in his political conscience, found small com- fort when he appealed from the logical mandate of a Declaration of Independence that told him every fellow- countryman of his had a right to be free, to the counsels of the leaders at that time. It is interesting to recall xwo voices that Vice-President Alexander H. Stephens, of the Southern Confederacy, said that "The negro, by nature and by the curse against Canaan, is fitted for the condition he occupies in our system. An architect, in the construction of buildings, lays the foundation with the proper mate- rial, the granite ; then comes the brick or marble. The substratum of our society is made of the material fitted by nature for it, and by experience we know that it is the best not only for the superior, but for the inferior race that it should be so. It is, indeed, in conformity with the creation. It is not for us to inquire into the wisdom of its ordinances, or to question them. For His own pur- poses He has made ' one star to differ from another star in glory. ' The great objects of humanity are best attained when conformed to His laws, in the constitution of governments as well as in all 29 The Union League of Philadelphia things else. Our confederacy is founded upon a strict conformity with these laws." In a memorable passage President Lincoln forecast, with his statesmanlike sagacity, the inevitable solution, while restraining the mere politician's impulse to make cheap capital by a personal declaration of purpose : " A house divided against itself can not stand. I believe this Government can not endure permanently half slave and half free. I do not expect the Union to be dissolved, I do not expect the house to fall, but I do expect it will cease to be divided. It will become all one thing or all the other. Either the opponents of slavery will arrest the further spread of it, and place it where the public mind shall rest in the belief that it is in course of ultimate extinction, or its advocates will push it forward till it shall become alike lawful in all the States, old as well as new, North as well as South." Philadelphia The conflicting state of opinion in Philadelphia just echoes before the war is shown in the outcome of a meet- ing, on January 3, 1861, of one hundred and fifty "of our most prominent citizens [says the Press report], representing the influences which control Philadelphia in the present public emergency." The requisition for the meeting stated it to be "to remove all just ground of complaint against the Northern States and to secure the perpetuity of the Union." Here was the spirit of concession ready to placate the South. Among the conveners were Henry C. Carey, Morton McMichael, Charles Gilpin, Daniel Dougherty, and William D. Lewis. Mr. C. G. Childs presided. His address, and 30 The Slavery Problem and Social Disruption the tone of the resolutions, led Mr. Lewis to withdraw, and the meeting broke up in hopeless confusion. Another meeting followed a few days later, in National Hall, to protest against "coercion." The speakers were Vincent L. Bradford, Robert P. Kane, George M. Wharton, Charles Ingersoll, and Benjamin Harris Brewster, who subsequently served as Attorney- General of the United States under President Arthur. At that time he was unwilling to commit himself to a prediction whether Pennsylvania would " go with the North, or with the South, or stand by herself." Justice Woodward, of the Supreme Court, was less uncertain, when about the same time, but elsewhere, he said, "If the Union is to be divided, I want the line of separation to run north of Pennsylvania." One resolution passed at this National Hall meeting committed it to un- mistakable sympathy with the South in the phrase, "whether [Pennsylvania should cast her lot] with the North and East, whose fanaticism has precipitated this misery upon us, or with our brethren of the South, whose wrongs we feel as our own." Shortly after- A daring ward a newspaper in the same interest was published, "manifesto bearing the defiant name. The Palmetto Flag. This was in April, 1861, within a few days of Lincoln's in- auguration, whom it audaciously greeted as " the head and front of the trouble that now agitates this country." Fort Sumter was bombarded April 12, 1861, and on the following day it was abandoned by Major Anderson and the garrison and captured by the South Carolina troops. This overt act of war in- stantly ended the amiable inactivity of Philadelphia's 31 The Union League of Philadelphia loyalists. On the second day after the Sumter thunderbolt sixty-seven citizens of eminence forwarded a signed reply to the President's proclamation calling for support, in which they declared their "unalterable determination to sustain the Government in its efforts to maintain the honor, the integrity, and the existence of our national Union." One of the signers was Judge J. I. Clark Hare, who, with his relative, Horace Binney, Jr., also a signer, will be heard of again as founders of the Union League. Loyal citizens began to make their voices heard above all the malcontents. The seventy-fourth anniversary of the signing of the Federal Constitution was made a public holiday, with celebrations, the key-note being enthusiastic support Philadelphia of the Government. Demonstrations of loyalty fol- Jofce''^""^" lowed in quick and effective succession. The State had sent a hundred thousand men to the war by May, 1862, more going than from any other State, and Philadelphia had a proud proportion. Her people gladly succored the regiments passing through, and when the President called for three hundred thousand new recruits, Philadelphia gathered seven hundred thousand dollars for bounties to volunteers. The great heart of the people beat true to the instinctive prompdngs of patriotism, but society continued to draw fine lines between devotion to a moribund past and the dawn of a future whose glory they did not foresee. The gilded salon had to be placed, and made to feel its place, in the field of battle for union or disunion. The thoroughly aroused loyalists of Philadelphia had to establish and maintain their social 32 The Slavery Problem and Social Disruption position. This was the paramount local cause pro- ducing- the Union League. How shrewdly they ^'^^ '-'"'°" & . League s managed and how they succeeded is to be told, and genesis makes the story of the Union League's genesis. 33 CHAPTER III THE UNION CLUB The succession of reverses that fell on the Union armies in 1862 emboldened the sympathizers with the Confederacy. Their sentiments were spoken in louder tones. Commercial considerations had silenced the pleadings of conscience in many who felt the shame of subservience to the slave power. A power It was still, that dominated by various spells the merchant, the social magnate, the politician, even the ecclesiastic and churchman of the North. When the war was pushed northward over the Pennsylvania border, dis- loyalty and discontent grew stronger. In New York It elected Horatio Seymour Democratic Governor. Pennsylvania threatened to follow. For the men who made the stand at this point against further waver- ing, concession had gone to Its limit. It was time to concentrate moral forces and carry the war into the ranks of the sympathizers with a feudal system then making Its last stroke for separate existence. Lincoln's earlier policy, as a minority President, had biased him toward compromise. " Not to save slavery, or any minor matter," would he permit "the wreck of Lincoln's Government, country, and Constitution." His shrewd advance r 1 1 1 • 1 , Statecraft had, however, kept pace with the weightier public opinion, and now that its drift had led to the 34 The Union Club formal abolition of slavery in the District of Columbia, he discerned the logical and still more the moral obli- gation to declare that slavery should cease throughout the land. How cautiously his master-mind moved amid the whirl of conflicting forces is shown in his pledge, that if the enemy were flung out of Maryland, he would free its slaves. Then came his promise of universal emancipation, and in due course the Eman- cipation Proclamation itself. While Lincoln was thus feeling his way toward the supreme stroke that should make the final issue clear and plain to the nation and the world, the Philadelphia stalwarts were treading the same path in their own sphere, with the same pur- pose and momentous results. They were, and had increasingly been, in trouble about their duty in the conditions around them. To quarrel openly with friends and neighbors upon questions such as the States' Rights Doctrine, or the long-established system hitherto discussed in academic complacency, was a painful alternative. By a happy inspiration Judge J. I. j^g original Clark Hare indicated a better way. The problem was Union how to weed out the disloyal element in society with *^sue the least friction. Instead of any arbitrary plan of labeling. Judge Hare proposed to form a voluntary band of Unionists with a distinct declaration of prin- ciples and objects. By simply declining to join or countenance this movement the stay-aways would be showing their true colors. This quiet policy of inviting self-exclusion insured the sturdiest unanimity of the Unionists, who thus became the nucleus of the coming Union League. 35 The Union League of Philadelphia As the years and generations roll past, filial in- terest will deepen in the story of the founders and founding of the Union Club and the later Union League. Time lends the touch of romance to stories about pioneers, and wraps the glamour of poetry around deeds that may pass for ordinary at nearer view. Historic records are fortunate that can include the first-hand accounts penned by the men whose work their followers celebrate. Two of the first little group who formed the Club have left printed narratives of the circumstances in which they so acted. Both are dead. The Hon. George H. Boker published "A Memorial of the Union Club," the first part of which was read by him as Secretary at a stated meeting on December 27, 1870. The Hon. John Russell Young wrote an elaborate memorial on the then recently deceased Daniel Dougherty, in the Philadelphia Even- ing Star, September 17, 1892, in which he gives his account of the formation of the Union Club. A Memorial of the Union Club of Philadelphia {Pabttshed in 1371) "Notwithstanding the successful issue of the war waged by n , , ■ the loyal men of the United States against the great Rebellion of narration ^^^ South, one can not even now recall the history of the month of November, 1862, without again falling under the shadow of that dreary time. At no period of the struggle was the patriotic spirit so low, or the spirit of the traitors so insultingly hopeful. From the date of the fruitless battle of Antietam, in September, misfortune had followed misfortune, gloom had gathered upon gloom. The armies of the United States were everywhere inactive ; and ineffec- tive raids and resultless skirmishes had followed those general move- 36 ey it Fennaylvania, a War State for the North, or for the South. The Governor of the State of Pennsylvania, ban, in a solemn message, asked the aid of the Legisla- ture to assist him in putting the militia of the Stat« upon a war footing. What is it that frightens our worthy Governor ? Is it the "seven ships offCharles- ton bar," or is It to enforce the Public Building law, and the postponement election law upon the doomed city of Philadelphia that he wants an army ? Why cannot Gov. Curtin wait awhile, and watch whioh way the current of events will turn? Per- haps thatcircling tide, sweeping around the frontier* of Maryland, will wet the border line of this the re- nowned Keystone State of the old and happy arch of the Confederacy. Should that tide touch some of the great factories of this State, may it not set the wheels in motion and force them, by a law of nece- ssity, to become workers for Southerja markets ? Can Philadelphia., with the South cut off, compete with New York in ships, in trade, and other brancbes of enterprise ? We opine not. Then what course will she not bo inclined to take? There is a very large proportion of Constitution lovers in this State ; of law abiding people, of jus- tice loving men. and they are not prepared to see the sturdy arms of the militia turned against their long and patiently saffering brethren of Maryland, Virginia, and the extreme Southern States ; and when they discover, as discover they will, that they can become the manufacturing hand of the Southern Confederacy, it is very likely, that they will throw aside their alliance, forced upon them by circum- stances, with the Abolitionists and their allies the Re- publicans, and lift the flag, aye, the old flag of the Revolution, and sound the old bell in the belfry of Independence Hall and say to the Empire State of New York, " Come thee along with us." Great and untoward, and unexpected events are on the eve of revelation, and interest beating its pulse in unison with equal justice, is yet to be the ruling influence of this country. Editorial in "The Palmetto Flag" The Union Club ments of our soldiers from which we had hoped so much, and atnid the excitements of which we had kept alive our spirits. The rebels only were active and successful. General Stuart had proved to us that even our own State was vulnerable, by invading our border, possessing himself of one of our large towns, placing it under military rule, levying contributions upon its inhabitants and the people of the neighborhood, and by manoeuvering at his ease for three days upon our soil, under the very eyes of a superior force of our men. The news of the depredations of the ' Alabama ' upon our Atlantic commerce was reaching us daily ; and that rebel cruiser flaunted her flag before our very ports, unmolested by our navy. Horatio Seymour had been elected Governor of New York, and no one could predict what domestic strife might not be the issue of his election. General McClellan had been removed from the command of the army, to the dismay of many even among the best of friends of the Union ; and as the displaced general slowly made his way northward, he was everywhere received with ovations by those in sympathy with the Rebellion, until his course assumed the appearance of a public triumph rather than a retreat into private life. His successor had assumed the command of the army with so much hesitance and distrust of his own abilities that the people began to share his feelings, and ceased to believe in a soldier who seemed to have so little confidence in himself. To crown all, gold was advancing in price with fearful rapidity, and the public credit was receding at an equal pace. Military torpor and financial paralysis were weighing upon the whole land, and amidst the stag- nation no man had a scheme for resuscitating anything. It was a sad thing to be with the army, but it was as sad a thing to be at home. The social condition had changed vastly since the traitors among us had slunk away before the spirit which blazed out at the news of the firing upon Sumter. Gradually our secret foes had emerged from their seclusion, taking their wonted social places, and Social boasting to their foreign visitors that, in what was called ' unmixed society,' they ordered matters, and that all gentlemen would soon be of their way of thinking. The President was vulgar, the admin- istration was vulgar, the war was vulgar, and the people who waged 37 severance The Union League of Philadelphia it were of the common sort, who would shortly receive a merited castigation from the gentlemen of the South, whom the herd was vainly endeavoring to deprive of their biblical, heaven-decreed, constitutional, natural carnal property. This view was also taken by a distinguished literary Englishman, who paid a flying visit to our country, gaining great knowledge through little observation. On his return to England he spread the glad tidings before his aristocratic idols in a public letter, which was widely circulated and greatly commented upon. This opened the eyes of thinking men to the really disastrous course into which what is technically called 'society' was drifting. There was some truth in the Eng- lishman's letter. There were frequent assemblages of the ' unmixed society,' who hobnobbed to the health of President Davis, pro- spectively divided the goods of the to-be-conquered Yankees, appointed hanging-places for the more obnoxious leaders of whole- some opinion, and whose conversation was, indeed, as ' unmixed ' as their society with one far-sighted or patriotic idea. The alarm- ing fact, however, was that this class of people was obtaining social supremacy. Their defiant and outspoken treason converted all convivial meetings into disagreeable wranglings, or drove into seclu- The VVistar gJQjj (.j^g more modest and peaceful patriots. Under the influence of this state of affairs, the time-honored Wistar Club had been obliged to disband ; thus depriving Philadelphia of one of her most delightful social institutions, and leaving behind nothing to supply its place. The loss to society of the Wistar Club had been often deplored by the knot of gentlemen who daily met in the editorial office of the North American newspaper, to hear and to discuss the military and the political tidings ; and many schemes, that as yet had taken no form, were suggested whereby some sub- stitute for the old Club might be established for the common benefit. So far, these conversations had resulted in nothing. The disloyal talkers still lorded it in society, and one after another patriotic men shrank from the association. " In this miserable condition of public and private affairs, on one of the darkest days of that gloomy month of November, 1862, Judge J. I. Clark Hare and the writer of this article met in 38 The Union Club Seventh Street between Chestnut and Sansom Streets. We fell into a conversation which was little better than a comparison of sorrows. The thought that seemed to move Judge Hare most deeply Germ of the was that while we, the inhabitants of a loyal city, were thus cast '-'"'°" down before the ill fortunes of our country, men who were almost leagued with the Southern traitors were walking with high heads among our people, openly exulting in our discomfiture, and eagerly waiting for the day of our utter overthrow. ' Is there no remedy for this state of things ? ' said Judge Hare. ' Can we not, at least, withdraw from all social relations with disloyal men, and set up a society of our own ? ' He continued the subject by sketching the plan for an association, which, substantially, was that which was soon after adopted by the Union Club. The point on which Judge Hare most strongly insisted was that disloyal men should be positively excluded from the meetings of the proposed club by the strongest enactments of the articles of association. I knew that many gentlemen of influence were well prepared to entertain the propositions to which I had listened with admiration, and for the successful issue of which I meant to labor. Warmed with the zeal of a fresh conviction, I told Judge Hare that I would go directly to the office of the North American, and try if, with the aid of Mr. McMichael, something toward the organization of our projected club might not be accomplished among our friends. I found Mr. McMichael alone. The scheme of Judge Hare was viewed in every aspect, and heartily approved by Mr. McMichael and myself; and we at once began a list of those who were to be invited to join in our undertaking. While we were thus engaged, the late Mr. Benjamin Gerhard entered, and we took him into our confidence, and asked his cooperation in our work. As we de- veloped our plan, Mr. Gerhard's enthusiasm became boundless. He proposed that a meeting, on the earliest convenient night, should be held at his house, with such preparation as the brief time might enable him to make. He took a copy of the imper- fect list of loyal men which Mr. McMichael and I had prepared, added to it a few names of his own suggestion, and started forth to accomplish that part of the work to which he had pledged himself. 39 The Union League of Philadelphia Timid counsels Tlie Union Club meetings So timid and hesitating was the beginning of the Union Club that the notice to certain gentlemen to meet in Mr. Gerhard's house seemed to contain no authority of his own for the assemblage. The receivers of the notes of invitation were informed merely that there would be a meeting of loyal men, for a patriotic pur- pose, at the house of Mr. Gerhard ; but what that purpose might be was left to each one's conjecture. There was no signature to these notes, and from the context one might have inferred that Mr. Gerhard, for the nonce, had abandoned his house to the use of his friends. I mention this fact only to show how dominant the disloyal element had become in the society of Philadelphia, and how prostrate the patriotic ; since here was a set of influential men, bent upon a purpose which they knew to be right, who scarcely ventured — through dread of opposition, or of failure, or of social odium — to let the day shine upon their immature bant- ling, uncertain of the sympathy which might be accorded to it even by men of their own party. It seems almost absurd to look back upon this condition of things, but it was terrible to live through it. "At the first meeting, in Mr. Gerhard's house, held on or about the 15th of November, 1862, only fifteen or sixteen gentle- men were present. There was but little enthusiasm shown for the plan which was then submitted. However, it was resolved by those who had taken control of the matter that another meeting should be held, a week from that day, at the house of the writer. Between the time of the meeting at Mr. Gerhard's house and that at my own a standing committee had been formed, which was afterward for- mally elected by the Club at my house, consisting of the following gentlemen: Morton McMichael, Chairman; J. I. C. Hare; Charles Gibbons ; Benjamin Gerhard ; George H. Boker, Secretary. " Articles of association had also been drawn up by the Stand- ing Committee. "The meeting at my house, on the 22d of November, 1862, was also a small one. There were but twenty-four gentlemen present ; but in the interval which had elapsed since Mr. Gerhard's party, an interchange of ideas among our guests had warmed the 40 The Union Club Club patriotic sentiment, and we were prepared to do more, to go farther, and to be more outspoken than on the previous occasion. The Articles of Association — purposely made short and simple, that no one might be deterred by them — were read to the company, and adopted without discussion. I doubt whether a person present fore- saw the social revolution which was about to be produced by that brief and seemingly inoffensive code, or the storm of vituperation which was about to fall upon the heads of those who subscribed to our roll from the mouths of the disloyal men who hitherto had pro- claimed themselves to be the leaders of the society of Philadelphia. "The third meeting of the Union Club was held November Growth of 29, 1862, at the house of Mr. James W. Paul. The company was the Union far more numerous than at the two previous meetings, and the spirit which manifested itself on all sides was higher, bolder, and more hopeful. It was evident that we had done a good thing — a good thing for ourselves and a good thing for the public. The social arrogance of disloyal men was checked. Our association was re- garded by them with hatred and alarm. Our policy of exclusion was vehemently denounced, both in private and in public, by the most able of the sympathizers with the South. We had made bitter enemies, and we had made warm friends. The Union Club was a success ! "The fourth meeting of the Club was held December 5, 1862, at the house of Mr. John Ashhurst ; the fifth, December 13, 1862, at that of Mr. Bloomfield H. Moore; and the sixth, December 20, 1862, at that of Dr. Wilson C. Swann. Each successive meeting increased the numbers of our guests, and added new names to the roll of the Club ; while the enthusiasm for the cause which we had espoused, and the general approbation at our manner of conducting the social campaign, inspirited us to greater exertions, and induced us to look beyond the circle of our parties toward a wider field of usefulness, a more numerous body of zealous workers. The mem- bers of the Club and their loyal associates were already discussing a plan whereby the principles upon which our institution was founded might be popularized ; and, in some other form, our faith and practices might be so extended as to include in one great asso- 41 The Union League of Philadelphia room scheme ciation all the patriotic citizens of Philadelphia who might choose to participate in our movement. These discussions contained within them the germ of the idea from which, at a subsequent date, sprang the Union League. At this time the aims of the projectors The Club- of t^g League were moderate. They proposed to open a reading and assembly room for the public, where the newspapers of the day might be read, and where, on interesting occasions, speakers might address the people. No thought of occupying a great building, or of giving the League a decided political character, or of venturing upon those vast works in which that powerful organization achieved so signal a success, had yet occurred to our most sanguine thinkers. At a later date Mr. Wm. H. Ashhurst and Mr. James L. Claghorn cut discussions short by boldly taking the large house, at rii8 Chestnut Street, at a rent and with a prospect of future expense which many persons then considered to be rashly extravagant, and totally unwarranted by the ends which we had in view. The wis- dom and far-sightedness of the gentlemen just named were thor- oughly vindicated by the course of events, and entitle them to the gratitude of every man who understands the beneficent work which was accomplished for him and for his country by the Union League of Philadelphia. That important thing, the title of the League, was the happy suggestion of Mr. Charles Gibbons ; to whose capa- ble pen we also owe the draught of the first Articles of Association, and of the Charter and the By-Laws under which that institution at present exists. "The seventh meeting of the Union Club was a memorable one. It was held at the house of Dr. John F. Meigs, on the twenty- seventh day of December, 1862. At this meeting the scheme for the establishment of the League was matured, and the Articles of Association for that purpose were first read, and they were after- ward generally signed by the large company present. During the first year of the existence of the Club, Dr. Meigs' professional engagements compelled him, to the regret of all, to resign his membership, and therefore his name appears nowhere upon the roll of the Union Club, which was subsequently printed. He was not the less one of our earliest and most active members. 42 The Union Club " The eighth meeting, and the last of the early meetings of which I have a distinct recollection, was held at the house of the late Mr. John B. Myers, on the 3d of January, 1863. At this party the Articles of Association of the Union League were again passed round ; and they received many signatures, which, together with the names that had been obtained by private solicitation, made the roll of the League a formidable one. Its members were already looking for a house, and forming plans for the future conduct of their institution. As the history of the League here diverged from that of the Union Club, of which it was but a popular develop- ment, I shall not again refer to that notable association. "During the winter of 1862 and 1863 the members of the The Union Club gave their weekly parties without settled order, on the entertaining solicitation of the Standing Committee, and in accordance with '"^'"■'^'■s their own convenience. On these conditions parties were given by Mr. Samuel J. Reeves, January 10, 1863 ; by Mr. Wm. Henry Rawle, January 17, 1863; by Mr. Charles Gibbons, January 24, 1863; by Mr. James L. Claghorn, January 31, 1863; by Mr. Ferdinand J. Dreer, February 7, 1863 ; by Mr. Alexander Brown, February 13, 1863 ; by Mr. J. Gillingham Fell, February 21, 1863 ; by Mr. Fairman Rogers, February 28, 1863; by Mr. A. J. Antelo, March 6, 1863; by Mr. Frederick Fraley, March 14, 1863; by Mr. Theodore Frothingham, March 21, 1863; by Mr. Wm. M. Tilghman, March 28, 1863 ; by Mr. Charles J. Peterson, April 4, 1863; by Mr. Horace Binney, Jr., April 10, 1863; by Mr. C. H. Clark, April 18, 1863 ; and by Mr. C. L. Borie, April 25, 1863. Mr. Borie's party ended the first series of entertain- ments, to the complete satisfaction of our members, and with the resolution to continue our gatherings during the coming winter should the political condition of the country demand it. ' ' On the approach of the second year of the existence of the Club, — the winter of 1863 and 1864, — a regular roster of the members was printed by the Standing Committee, and thenceforth the parties were given with more regard to order. " Parties were given at the houses of almost all the gentlemen whose names appear upon these rosters. Those who participated 43 The Union League of Philadelphia in our patriotic festivities bore testimony to the general brilliancy and the universal harmony which characterized our meetings. Hither came all the military and the naval heroes, the political writers, the statesmen, the orators, the poets of our party, who were resident among us, or those whose business made Philadel- phia their temporary abode. At one time or another we gathered under our roofs, from near and far, the best intellectual elements of which the patriots could boast ; and here, night after night, were displays of wit and of humor, of noble passion, and of practical intelligence such as have seldom enlivened the quiet homes of our city. The moral power which our association ex- erted upon our members and our guests soon touched the popular heart, and strengthened, consolidated, and organized the patriotic sentiment of our people, until the Union Club appeared as a beacon lighted in a dark night — a sign of comfort, of guidance, and of hope to the broken-spirited, the erring, and the despondent. Influence of The effects of our meetings, and of the laws under which these the Club meetings were held, had a powerful influence on the social position of disloyal men. They were excluded from our fellowship ; they were shut up within their own small coteries ; they were forbidden to vent their treasonable utterances within the hearing of patriotic men. In vain they complained of social ostracism, or threatened us with reprisal. The public sanctioned the verdict which had been pronounced against treason in society, and viewed it as little better in kind than treason upon the hustings or in the battle-field. Thus the whole object of the institution of the Union Club was triumphantly accomplished, and the learned and intelligent jurist who gave it the first impulse had reason for an unending pride in his work. " At a special meeting of the Union Club, held November 4, 1865, after the close of the War of the Rebellion, it was generally agreed that our association had finished its mission; and that henceforth to keep alive social differences by our meetings would be an impolitic and a useless proceeding. In consequence of this sentiment, reluctantly acquiesced in by those of our members who regretted any change in our former course, the weekly meetings of 44 Original Union League Badge The Union Chib the Club were superseded by an annual dinner, which was to be held on the 27 th of December in each year — the anniversary of the foundation of the Union League. "We are now present at the sixth annual dinner, given in The Club's accordance with the resolution just mentioned. It is the wish of annual the Standing Committee that these annual dinners should be con- dinners tinued until the last two remaining members of the Union Club shall sit down in solemn state and dine together in this house ; not, we trust, without a regretful remembrance of their departed associates. Henceforth no resignation of membership from our body should be considered by the Committee. As you lived together through the dark days, so must you die together amid the bright days which have followed the success of your organic idea. Every member of the Union Club has just cause to be proud of his membership, and to transmit that piece of private history un- broken to his posterity. The day will come, as our national his- tory slowly gathers together the facts of the past, when to have been a member of this Club will be the most glorious line in each one's epitaph, and the brightest luster which can be cast upon the name of a descendant. As for the Club itself, it needs not this imperfect memorial to keep alive its remembrance. That will go down to posterity in the most sacred of all history— the traditions of a people, and " ' Si monumentum requiris, circumspice. ' "George H. Boker, Secretary." Hon. John Russell Young, In his reminiscent article upon the death of Daniel Dougherty, in the Evening Star, September 17, 1892, thus describes the formation of the Union Club : "I remember the first meeting well, and the circumstances j_ ^.^53^11 under which it was my fortune to be present. The late Benjamin Young's Gerhard, who, with Judge Hare, Mr. Binney, and others, used to narration visit The Press office, — then on Fourth Street, near the site of the 45 The Union League of Philadelphia present Bullitt Building, — on critical nights to hear our bulletins from the wars, came in one afternoon in November, 1862, and said that some friends were to meet at his house that evening, and would I be of the company. Things were going badly for the Union. The war news was gloomy. New York had been carried by Sey- mour, Pennsylvania had gone Democratic, and the time had come when public opinion should centralize, when even social lines should be drawn between those who loved and did not love the Union. The first "When Mr. Gerhard told me the names of his proposed gathering guests, I begged off, under the assurance that I would not be missed. But no ; in the first place, there would be oysters and chicken salad, and in the second place, it was important that The Press should know what was afoot, and that there should be a strong editorial to boom the cause. So in the cold November night I went to Mr. Gerhard's house to a meeting which was to organize one of the grandest and most potent influences in the war. Mr. Meredith had sent word that indisposition prevented his coming. Mr. Gerhard presided over the salad and oysters, and around the table were Horace Binney, Morton McMichael, Charles Gibbons, Charles Gilpin, Judge Hare, George H. Boker, and myself. It was an earnest company, the conversation largely led by Judge Hare, who explained the purposes of the organization. It was to be a center of sentiment for Union men. Mr. McMichael, with his fine practical sense, thought that weekly meetings at each other's houses, on the plan of the Wistar parties, with sumptuary laws to prevent extravagances and rivalries in the way of meat and drink, would be a good beginning. This advice was accepted, and it was agreed that there was to be no champagne, and but two dishes in the way of entertainment. The early meetings would be at the houses of Mr. Paul, Mr. Boker, and Mr. Borie. Using the " ^^^ meeting over, I went with Boker to The Press, and we Press worked out the article which had been promised to Mr. Gerhard. It was a leader, and as I read it again some months since, it seemed a harsh, vindictive, insensate bit of invective. I am afraid I read it with pain. But we were angry in those days, for the heavens 46 The Union Club v/ere red as with blood, and our hearts were laden with resentment and revenge. The meeting at the house of Benjamin Gerhard, on South Fourth Street near Walnut, on that cold November night in 1862, was the inception of the movement which germinated in the Union League. Of that company, Gerhard and McMichael, Gibbons and Binney, Boker and Gilpin, have gone. Judge Hare and myself alone survive. No nobler work was done in its time toward the perpetuation of the Union. We who live should ever remember what those friends did with gratitude and pride. "Two months later we had the meeting at the house of Dr. Meigs, when the Union League was formally organized. I remem- ber the occasion well, and the part taken by Dougherty. That brave, true, strenuous company — how few remain to recall the trials, which were to become the triumphs, of the Union League ! We had assembled to formulate the articles of association. The report had been assigned to Charles Gibbons. Gibbons represented the intensity of Republicanism. His earnest, close-knit, imperative face ; his hatred of slavery, and especially of Democracy as the out- come of slavery ; his intolerance of whatever might seem a recog- nition of the crime, had brought him into the League movement with a kind of ferocious joy. He read to the assembled company the proposed articles of association. There was to be no wine, no games other than billiards, and no one should join who did not give an unhesitating support to Mr. Lincoln and all his measures. It was the spirit of Loyalty ! There were no half-way beliefs ; no compromises ; no reservations in the mind of this determined man. And having read the articles of agreement, he paused for the assured and anticipated assent of every one in the room. " I was sitting next to Dougherty in a corner, the group around jj^g speakers us, Boker, Milliken, and others I do not recall. As Gibbons read the stern averments which were to bind us to the Republican admin- istration and its work, Dougherty muttered his dissent : ' Not for me ! Not for me ! I am for the Union — not for any Republican President. ' Boker made some earnest, whispered deprecation, but it was of no avail. And when Gibbons paused, Dougherty arose. "With his habitual courtesy, but at the same time habitual 47 The Union League of Philadelphia firmness, Dougherty explained his position. He was a Democrat. As a Democrat, every fiber of his being thrilled for the Union. He could not, he would not, believe but that every Democrat in the North would unite with him to support it. As a Democrat, he came into the Union League, because he saw a powerful agency toward the success of the war. He would support Mr. Lincoln in whatever was necessary to save the Union, but no more. He could not throw off his Democracy, like a garment in the night, and recant what he had just been saying on many a hustings in favor of Doug- las. With a mere political club having no other aim than the integrity of the Republican organization, he could have no part, and therefore the pledge proposed by Mr. Gibbons was one that he could not bind upon his conscience. Parting of "The firm, courteous, but unmistakable little speech came like e ways ^ ^^^jj. fj.Qjjj ^.j^g blue. Gibbons, his eyes flashing haughty anger, and to whom the denial of even the elementary truths of Repub- licanism was even as a sin against the Holy Ghost — Gibbons flashed back a scornful taunt. This was no time for paltering, for seeking a half-way house between loyalty and treason ; no time for people facing both ways, for faint-hearted patriots, who came into the fold but still held on to the gate. And if, the resolute Gibbons grow- ing angrier, Mr. Dougherty or any one else could not come into their association without reserve, without faltering — why, there was the door; the work would go on without them. ' ' Dougherty sat in silence, his face, pale, his lips compressed, his head thrown back, with that look of unbending defiance which his friends knew so well. He had thrown the glove, and would never take it back. For a few minutes it seemed as if our modest argosy of the Union League was to be wrecked in the launching. The sentiment of the company was with Gibbons. With few excep- tions, we were Republicans and had supported Lincoln. We were glad to have Dougherty, we were glad to see Benjamin H. Brewster, Forney, and other brilliant Democrats in our company. But, after all, when the truth was told, were they not prodigal sons? And here they were coming back, not content with fresh raiment and the fatted calf, but claiming to run the household. 48 The Union Club ' ' In time Judge Hare arose, and I have always regarded the speech then made by that amiable and accomplished jurist as the foundation of the Union League. With exquisite tact, with a mod- A potent eration of tone and calmness of statement in contrast with the pale, P ^^ defiant Dougherty and the scornful, angry Gibbons, he presented the whole case. He was in sympathy with Gibbons. And if this were a social club, or even a political association, he would vote with him. But what had we come to do ? Assuredly to form a league that would aid the cause and unite the friends of the Union against its foes. Was it not, therefore, our duty to take whoever would contribute to that high purpose ? And if we could persuade eminent Democrats like Dougherty to join heartily, was it not a marked advance toward a sacred consummation ? He could well understand how gentlemen could support Mr. Lincoln in war policies, and at the same time dissent upon other measures. He could comprehend differences on popular sovereignty, or the home- stead law, or the tariff. But why concern ourselves with these academic variances of opinion if our friends would contribute with zeal to the immediate work of saving the Union ? He understood Mr. Dougherty and those of his faith with that intent. Therefore, while agreeing with Mr. Gibbons, his best judgment was with Mr. Dougherty, and he proposed that the only test of admission to the League should be a support of the Union. " Horace Binney the younger, Mr. Gerhard, and Mr. Mc- Michael supported the amendment of Judge Hare. Those gentle- men were the fathers of the League in the early days. Their will was law, and against our judgment the amendment of Judge Hare was accepted. Gibbons was incensed, and in a few vehement q^^^^i of words of repudiation of half-hearted policy left the room. I do not Republican know that he came back that evening, but his anger was simply an and Demo- expression of the intensity of his patriotism, and he soon returned, cratic opinion to be one of the most earnest and intrepid of the membership. "The storm blown over and peace assured, we signed in a group — the signature of Dougherty being, as I saw it some weeks since, some twenty or thirty from the top, where rested the hon- ored name of Stephen Colwell. Experience showed the wisdom of 4 49 The Union League of Philadelphia Dougherty's objection, and that in pressing what may have seemed a personal preference or pique he was broadening the lines which made possible the splendor and power of the Union League and its mighty work in the prosecution of the war. " Dougherty, as I have shown, dictated his way into the Union League — came almost under protest. But although he would not support Lincoln when required to do so by Gibbons, in time, and very soon, the President was to have no more zealous friend. Lin- coln was not a popular President in the early days, not even in active circles of the Union League. This may seem a profanation now, but let it be remembered that with Lincoln the transfiguration did not come until after the assassination. The stern, earnest Republicans resented his slowness on slavery ; his withdrawal of the anti-slavery pronouncements of Fremont and Cameron ; his cod- dling the border States. It was the impatience of a fervent, sensitive patriotism. Dougherty did not share it. He had no interest in the negro, and would not have fired a gun for all the negroes that ever came from the Congo lands. He opposed the precipitate actions of Fremont, and above any other public man he disliked Simon Cameron. So he was with Lincoln hand in hand, and I know that no public act ever gave him more pleasure than when, at the time of the Sanitary Fair, in 1864, he was unexpectedly called upon to deliver the welcoming address to Lincoln at the Chestnut Street quarters of the Union League. "Coming, as Dougherty did, a Democrat, the rising hope of the young Democracy of Pennsylvania, his accession to the Union League was not that of a person, but a force. It was a force eagerly welcomed by the fathers of the League, because they saw behind it that Democratic sentiment which was so desirable toward a success- ful prosecution of the war. Then we had the club reunions — those weekly meetings of consolation over the salads, the oysters, and wine — meetings that seem homely enough in these sumptuous latter days. Saturday evenings at the houses of Mr. Borie or Mr. Antelo, Mr. Drexel or Mr. Claghorn, Mr. Dreer or Mr. McMichael, and others of the primitive faithful, a few of whom still remain with us, the majority having gone to the majority." 50 CHAPTER IV FROM UNION CLUB TO UNION LEAGUE Precedence has been given as of right to the fore- going narratives by the two men who wrote their recollections as original members of the Union Club. In making this story as complete and chronologically accurate as possible a few repetitions may be necessary. The Union Club modeled itself in the happiest way after the famous " Wistar Party," or parties, and may fairly be said to have become, as Club and League, its natural successor. Dr. Caspar Wistar originated in -phe 1798 a series of Saturday evening gatherings at his Wistar house, of gentlemen of culture. The influential char- ^'^ ^ acter of these entertainments was such that their regular frequenters decided to continue them, after the founder's death in 1818, under the name of "The Wistar Party." It was an aristocracy of intellect first and, next, of social authority. In its circle were most acutely felt the sundering tendencies of discussion upon war and slavery topics. The outbreak of war broke up the "Party." Nearly eighteen months elapsed be- fore Judge Hare's suggestion to Mr. Boker brought about the first informal meeting of what quickly de- veloped into the Union Club. That suggestion was immediately laid before Morton McMichael in the office of his newspaper, the North American, where 51 The Union League of Philadelphia The first meeting Mr. Gerhard chanced to be. These gentlemen at once began to form a Hst of influential men known to be loyal. Mr. Gerhard offered his house, No. 226 South Fourth Street, for the preliminary meeting, which fol- lowed on or about the 15th of November, 1862. The calls for this gathering were issued unsigned, so doubt- ful was the state of public feeling. The invitation was simply to the effect that a number of loyal men desired to meet for a patriotic purpose. Only a handful ac- cepted, twelve or fifteen at most. The second meeting was in Mr. Boker's house. No. 1720 Walnut Street, on the 2 2d of November. At the former meeting a standing committee had been formed, whose mem- bers were: Morton McMichael, Chairman; J. I. Clark Hare ; Charles Gibbons; Benjamin Gerhard; George H. Boker, Secretary. This committee drew up the following Ttie Union Club formed ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION OF THE UNION CLUB "I. The name of this Association shall be ' The Union Club of Philadelphia.' "II. The number of members shall be limited for the present to fifty, and the condition of membership shall be unqualified loyalty to the Government of the United States, and unwavering support of its measures for the suppression of the Rebellion. "III. The Club shall meet every Saturday evening at eight o'clock, during the months appointed by the Standing Committee, at the house of a member, who shall provide a moderate entertain- ment for his guests at an hour not later than ten o'clock. No more than three dishes of various kinds shall be served, and the wines shall be limited to Sherry and Madeira, and to one other. The entertaining member shall be privileged to substitute Friday even- ing for that of Saturday. 52 From Union Club to Union League "IV. The entertaining member may invite any persons, not members, to meet the Club whose opinions are in harmony with the second of these Articles of Association." Twenty-four attended this second meeting. The full list of members comprises fifty-seven names. The speedy formation of the Union League and a few withdrawals reduced the total to the specified limit of fifty members. The Union Club discontinued its meetings as an j^e organization independent of the League on November dwindling II, 1865, since which date its members have dined together on each 27th of December, in celebration of the grand movement inaugurated in 1862. At the dinner held on December 27, 1899, only six were pres- ent : Frederick Fraley, who presided, having passed j^e Union his ninety-fifth birthday with unimpaired mental health ; Club Ferdinand J. Dreer ; A. J. Antelo ; Clarence H. Clark ; Abraham Barker ; and William Sellers, whose ages then averaged eighty-two years. With the exception of Mr. Fraley, the others attended the latest dinner, on December 27, 1900. These are not the only survivors of the Union Club. Judge Hare withdrew from the Union League as a political organization after the war, as befitting one holding judicial office. His long and distinguished career of forty-five years on the bench, and his works on Constitutional History and Law, give weighty in- terest to his close connection with the origin of the Union League. James Milliken, whose reminiscence is given, still lives in New York. 53 The Union League of Philadelphia Members of the Union Club as ihey signed the roll Morton McMichael J. I. C. Hare Charles Gibbons Benjamin Gerhard --- George H. Boker A. E. Borie John M. Read Singleton A. Mercer E. Spencer Miller Horace Binney, Jr. Stephen Colwell James W. Paul John Ashhurst Henry C. Carey William Henry Rawle Samuel J. Reeves Alfred D. Jessup Abraham J. Lewis Charles L. Borie Theodore Frothingham Charles J. Peterson George Whitney Joseph Harrison, Jr. William D. Lewis Joshua B. Lippincott ■ John H. Towne Ward B. Hazeltine S. M. Felton John Russell Young Frederick Fraley J. G. Fell Alexander Brown William H. Ashhurst Dr. W. C. Swann Daniel Dougherty^ George H. Trott Fairman Rogers Robert B. Cabeen John B. Myers William M. Tilghman A. J. Antelo C. H. Clark Ferdinand J. Dreer James L. Claghorn Edwin M. Lewis Henry M. Watts Thomas A. Biddle Daniel Smith, Jr. S. V. Merrick Gen. George Cadwalader William Sellers Joseph B. Townsend B. H. Moore James Milliken Abraham Barker John P. Verree Dr. John F. Meigs 54 Morton McMichael From Union Club to Union Leanie •■s' The following are the dates of birth of the surviv- ing founders of the Union Club : Frederick Fraley, May 28, 1804. Ferdinand J. Dreer, .... March 2, 181 2. A. J. Antelo, June 22, 1815. J. I. Clark Hare, October 17, 1816. Abraham Barker, June 3, 1821. James Milliken, July 23, 1824. William Sellers, September 19, 1824. Clarence H. Clark, April 19, 1833. Writing in 1883, with the advantage of comment and criticism from the then more numerous livine participants in the shaping of Club and League, George P. Lathrop has the following passage in his " History," which is here quoted as obviously a more valuable summary than one attempted at this later date. It depicts with admirable graphic force the The Club as effect of local Southern sentiment on the formers stimulus of the Club, and of the Club upon society. " The Club had been formed quietly, and, as we have seen, with a certain amount of hesitation. Its numbers were small, and its function was to be limited to moral support of the government, without taking public political action as a body. But its power was soon felt. It produced a social revolution. " The indignation and opposition of those whom it shut out were prompt and intense. Hitherto Philadelphia society had been ruled by rigorous distinctions, often arbitrary, but entirely irrever- sible ; and those who had made the distinctions were in general Southern in their leanings. For example, in ' mixed society ' to band together with an express proviso that reflected on the desira- bility of intercourse with these reigning powers seemed a daring 55 The Union League of Philadelphia offense against the canons of the old coteries. Worse than that, sundry of the members of those very coteries were among the new covenanters on behalf of the Union. "Again, the fact that they stepped into the place left vacant by the disbanded Wistar Party was exasperating, and it may have added to the irritation that the new circle adopted a card of invi- tation closely modeled on that which had been used by the older The Union association. In place of the portrait of Dr. Wistar there appeared Club card on the Union Club card an engraving of the United States flag upon a slanting staff", surrounded by a circle of thirty-two stars against a shaded ground, with the name of the Club above. Otherwise, in size and the form of wording it was almost precisely the same. Shortly after the Union Club went into operation there appeared in a virulent Copperhead evening paper a paragraph giv- ing the names of all the members, and announcing that within the next few weeks the houses of those gentlemen would be sacked. The threat was never carried out, and emanated from no very re- sponsible source ; but, in its blatant way, it doubtless reflected the animosity existing among more cultivated opponents of the war. But their ridicule and anger were alike unavailing. Their influ- ence from that hour began to wane and was never recovered. The struggle continued for several years, both in the social field and that of journalism and politics ; but, with the end of the war, the old standards passed away, and society in Philadelphia was no doubt materially changed and liberalized as a result of the stand taken by the Union Club." The high social position of the new organization needed no voucher but its membership roll. After thirty-seven years its names rekindle fadeless recollec- tions of master-figures in the walks of science, litera- ture, law, commerce, industry, finance, journalism, ora- tory ; the stamp of men who have given their city its leadership in so many callings. 56 From Union Club to Union League The entertainment of any club of fifty members in rotation by each in his home is, on the face of it, an un- wieldy undertaking. There were, however, weightier Union Club reasons than this for a remodeling of the original plan, becomes The limit of fifty proved inadequate. The enthusiasm League of patriotism far exceeded the first hopes of those who had kindled it. Once the call had sounded, there was no half-heartedness in the response. The now liber- ated impulse of outspoken loyalty disdained the notion of confining its voice to a whisper. It was strongly realized that the sense of public duty requires, and develops, public spirit, which may do its thinking in privacy, but must plant its standard to be seen by all men. Seven weeks had not passed before the social party felt the utter insufficiency of the Club to contain the numbers, still less to focus and direct the patriotic passion, of its would-be recruits. The Union Club had not simply started a noble social movement ; it had triumphantly completed as pregnant a stroke of pioneer work as ever brought cheer to loyal hearts or strength to a cause. Its purpose was fulfilled, if its work was not ended. That work could only be worthily continued by a reinforced body with expanded powers and scope. Hence the well-planned proposal introduced at the Union Club's seventh weekly meet- ing, on December 27, 1862, which took place in the residence of Dr. John F. Meigs, No. 1208 Walnut Street. The call was indorsed "business meeting," on the usual invitation card. Stephen Colwell was president of the business meeting, and Charles Gib- bons acted as secretary. The broad proposition was 57 The Union League of Philadelphia that the Union Club should merge into a larger organ- ization, having a home of its own. There was no hesi- tation about this, but opinion was divided over the name ; some wished the old one kept up, others pre- ferred a new one. Mr. Gibbons had drawn up a set of Articles for the new association, which he, probably- backed by his coadjutors, had entitled "The Union League," perhaps inspired by the victorious careers of historic old-world Leagues. In the end this name was adopted, and thereafter, as has already been men- tioned, the core of the Union Club maintained an independent vitality until 1865, since which year its survivors have met at the annual commemorative dinner on the anniversary of its formal absorption by the larger Union League. ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION OF THE UNION LEAGUE. Adopted T)ecember 27, 1862 The Union " The undersigned agree to associate under the name of The League Union League of Philadelphia and to adopt the following formed fundamental Articles of Association, to wit : "L The condition of membership shall be unqualified loyalty to the government of the United States, and unwavering support of its efforts for the suppression of the Rebellion. "II. The primary object of the Association shall be to dis- countenance and rebuke by moral and social influences all dis- loyalty to the Federal Government, and to that end the Associators will use every proper means in public and private. " III. To meet the necessary expenditures for house-rent, fur- niture, subscriptions to newspapers and periodicals, and such things as may be found necessary for the use of the League, each associator shall pay an entrance fee of twenty-five dollars and an annual tax of the same amount. 58 From Union Club to Union League "IV. No cards, billiards, or other games, except chess, shall be allowed in the League house, and no spirituous liquors shall be kept or sold therein. " V. There shall be a Standing Committee consisting of nine associators, who shall have a general supervision of the concerns of the League, and who shall be appointed annually at a meeting of the League, in such manner as the meeting may decide. ' ' VI. The Standing Committee shall prepare such by-laws as may be necessary to secure a proper and orderly administration of the affairs of the League, which shall be subject to such amend- ments, from time to time, as a majority of the associators may direct." Article II may yet serve the purpose of some anti- quarian claimant for Philadelphia of the honor of hav- ing invented the Irish "boycott." The first intention of the framers was to commit members to a rigid rule of non-intercourse with the disloyal, in business as well as in society. This was strenuously opposed by two of those present, and after discussion the clause was modified as above to secure unanimity. As a fact, the majority of the signers did break off business relations with secession sympathizers, and many old-standing social connections were ended. The new Union League was to be more a reading and conversation center than a club in the ordinary sense. Mr. Ashhurst and Mr. Claghorn urged a bolder xhe Union departure. Others assenting, they engaged the fine League old mansion, then known as the Hartman Kuhn house, No. 1118 Chestnut Street, subsequently occu- pied by M. W. Baldwin, and removed in 1901. The rent was alarmingly high, in the opinion of a con- 59 The Union League of Philadelphia servative minority, but the house was taken and the Union League found its first home. Mr. Claghorn, as treasurer, issued a circular on January 6, 1863, announcing the organization of the Union League and requesting payment of dues. A month later, February 6th, the members were notified by advertise- ment in the Press that the new club-house would be open on Monday night, February 9th, though the formal opening was not until the 23d. The first general meeting of the Union League was held in Concert Hall on the 2 2d of January. At the founda- tion meeting of December 27, 1862, the following gentlemen were elected as a Standing Committee : Benjamin Gerhard ; Charles Gibbons ; William H. Ashhurst ; George H. Boker ; James L. Claghorn ; Horace Binney, Jr. ; Morton McMichael ; J. I. Clark Hare ; and Joseph B. Townsend. Mr. Boker acted as secretary, and was kept busy enrolling new mem- bers. Its first Jrlere are the hrst hu ndred names on the hundred members membership list : Stephen Colwell Edwin N. Lewis John Ashhurst James W. Paul J. Forsyth Meigs W. M. Tilghman F. Fraley Henry C. Carey Fairman Rogers A. J. Lewis Charles Gilpin A. J. Antelo Charles Gibbon3>,^ Samuel W. Reeves B. Gerhard James L. Claghorn Henry D. Moore William H. Ashhurst William Henry Rawle John B. Myers 60 From Union Club to Union Leanie John B. Kenney Daniel Dougherty ^-C Daniel Smith, Jr. John R. Young S. J. Christian Jacob W. Goff William B. Hart George Whitney C. L. Borie George H. Boker Its first hundred members William S. Grant Alexander Brown R. Rundle Smith E. Spencer Miller E. Carpenter B. H. Moore Alexander J. Derbyshire A. D. Jessup E. C. Knight Joseph B. Townsend George A. Coffey Horace Binney, Jr. Joseph Allison John Haseltine Oswald Thompson Samuel E. Stokes Aubrey H. Smith James Somers Smith William D. Lewis John Thompson James S. Young Joseph B. Myers William Welsh A. E. Borie Ward B. Haseltine Ellis Yarnall Thomas Smith John W. Claghorn John Rice George M. Conarroe Thomas Kimber, Jr. Edwin Greble J. W. Forney J. E. Caldwell George J. Gross E. W. Clark Jay Cooke A. Heaton Joseph S. Lovering, Jr. Lewis R. Ashhurst George W. Thorn Alfred Stille A. C. Barclay George Erety Charles J. Peterson Lawrence S. Pepper, M.D. D. B. Cummins Daniel Haddock, Jr. George M. Stroud James H. Orne George Trott P. F. Rothermel Morton McMichael F. A. Comly J. G. Fell William S. Stewart C. H. Clark A. J. Drexel Ferdinand J. Dreer Evans Rogers James Milliken George Gilpin 6i The Union League of Philadelphia George Cadvvalader Lemuel Coffin William T. Cresson Cadwalader Biddle Clement Biddle Lindley Smyth Wayne MacVeagh William Sellers Its first officers The house- warming The first President of the Union League was WiUiam Morris Meredith, elected at the first general meeting, January 22, 1863. As Secretary of the Treasury under President Taylor and appointed by Governor Curtin Attorney-General of the State of Pennsylvania, his official position added public weight to the highest standard of character and qualifications. His acceptance of the presidency was peculiarly valu- able to the organization by reason of his position as a member of the Peace Congress. It betokened a rule of judicious tolerance that might draw conservatives and waverers into the association. The first Vice-Presidents were William H. Ash- hurst, Horace Binney, Jr., John B. Myers, and Adolph E. Borie ; and the first Directors were Morton McMich- ael, J. I. Clark Hare, Charles Gibbons, James L. Clag- horn, Benjamin Gerhard, Joseph B. Townsend, George H. Boker, George Whitney, and John B. Kenney. The "League house," as it is styled in Ferdi- nand J. Dreer's interesting memorandum of its begin- nings, was practically opened at this meeting, addresses being delivered by Charles Gibbons and M. Russell Thayer. On the 29th of January Mr. Dreer obtained the consent of Sully, the eminent painter, for the loan of his equestrian picture of Washington, which was ulti- mately purchased for the Union League, as will be seen 62 William M, Meredith From Union Club to Union League hereafter. On Saturday, February 21st, the House was open for the reception of ladies. The anniversary of Washington's birthday falHng on Sunday, the cele- The opening bration was held Monday the 23d. President Meredith being unable to attend, his place was filled by Horace Binney, Jr., introduced by Morton McMichael. Gov- ernor Curtin, "who had been the first executive to reinforce the national army after Bull Run, and the first Governor who had his State officially represented at Washington in caring for the interests of soldiers in the field," attended the reception and responded to the welcome given him. Postmaster-General Blair was one of the guests, the old Post-office building, next to the Custom-house, having been opened on that day. Addresses were delivered by James Milliken, Frederick Fraley, William D. Lewis, Daniel Dougherty, M. Russell Thayer, and Rev. J. W. Jackson. The newspapers had for some time contained letters and reports of speeches threatening disturbance, and even violence, if the new Union League persisted in its intention to open the club with a loyal demonstration. The menace heightened the enthusiasm. Decorations, lights, and plentiful bunting were the defiant response, backed up behind the scenes with an armory of ax- handles and other aids to defense, ready at hand if the hidden squad of police should need them. The occa- sion was an ideal success — there was no trouble out- side, no hitch within. Two speakers, besides those already named, are now referred to for a special reason. They were Charles King, President of the then newly formed 63 The Union League of Philadelphia New York comes to learn Idealistic paternity Union League Club of New York, and the Rev. Dr. H. B. Bellows, one of its active founders and its his- torian. These gentlemen came as representatives of the sister Union League. In his interesting " Historical Sketch" of the New York organization Dr. Bellows devotes much space to creating the impression that New York anticipated Philadelphia in forming a Union League. He conducts this elusive contention with such ingenuity and persistency that — though not actually asserting it as fact — he comes near con- vincing himself, and possibly a hasty reader, that the Union League of Philadelphia somehow escaped the honor of having shown New York how to form a League of its own on the Philadelphia model. The matter is a simple question of fact, and settles itself on an appeal to dates and records. Dr. Bellows bases his claim on the delicate fround of pedigree. "The Union League Club of New York is the child of the United States Sanitary Com- mission," of which, says honorable repute, Dr. Bellows was himself the father. This is the opening sentence of his " Historical Sketch." It occurred to Professor Wolcott Gibbs, a member of that admirable organi- zation, that it would be good to establish a club, de- voted to strengthening the spirit of loyalty in so troublous a time. He did not communicate his idea to any one "until Seymour's election as Governor of New York " made it seem urgent. His first letter to Mr. Olmsted, given by Dr. Bellows, bears date No- vember 5, 1862. The first meeting of the Philadelphia Union Club was held on the 15th of that month, and it 64 From Union Club to Union League was In working order by the 2 2d. About this date a quarterly session of the Sanitary Commission was held in Washington. Delegates from the New York and the Philadelphia committees shared the same car on the return journey. Conversation turned on this club idea, "for several hours exclusively," says Dr. Bellows, and, he continues, " the Philadelphia members, Judge Hare, Horace Binney, Jr., and some others, recited to us the fresh history of the Union Club, just started, and its striking effect on the loyalty of the community." He proceeds to clinch this, his own testimony to the prior- ity of Philadelphia's foundation, with this ingenuous admission : " To say the least, they had realized in part what we had conceived and brooded over for several months without bringing to birth." Still, the paternity idea was too fondly cherished to be wholly flung away in a passing spasm of generous Dr. Bellows' equity, so Dr. Bellows once more sets the fire aglow, '■^'^tion "The original idea of the proposed club of loyalists was native to New York, and not borrowed from Philadelphia. The concep- tion of our club was earlier than that of the Union League Club there, which, however, was sooner organized and named. They were both original and independent movements. The resemblance in their titles and purposes might lead to the mistaken impression that both grew out of one impulse, either simultaneously or in succes- sion, our Club following the Philadelphia League. But this is not historically true, even though it may appear that the Union League Club in Philadelphia finally decided the title and in some degree influenced the form of ours." Apart from the quasi-casuistical humor in the denial of a possible simultaneous organization of so common 5 6s The Union Leagtie of Philadelphia The claim to genesis an- swered by revelations an "impulse" as loyalty in two adjoining geographical areas, there is nothing of special interest in this reiter- ation. More to the point is the historical fact that the Philadelphia League deputed a committee to visit the New York gentlemen in travail with the club "con- ception." The Committee were Judge Hare, Horace Binney, Jr., William Welsh, Alexander Brown, Ellis Yarnall, and George Trott. Two of these pioneers sent by Philadelphia to New York survive — Judge Hare and Mr. Yarnall, each of whom vouches for the accuracy of the statement that, first in the train from Washington, and next in their visit to New York, the accomplished work in Philadelphia was eagerly discussed, with the express view of modeling the forthcoming New York Union League after it. The visit was in January, 1863. The meeting was in the house of George Strong. When the delegation had finished their statements, Dr. Bellows moved that the New Yorkers should redre into the next room for conference. On their quick return, President King, of Columbia College, said: "Gentlemen of Philadel- phia, we hope to organize here a club which shall exceed yours in numbers and equal it in efficiency." A week or two later another informal committee of the Philadelphia Union League, headed by Judge Hare, went to New York on the same errand. As the New York League had not been perfected, the Philadelphia delegates gave their New York friends a return dinner at the Astor House. The New York League did not complete its organization until February 21, 1863, and its house was not opened until May 1 2th. The Union 66 From Union Club to Union Leante relation League of Philadelphia was established on December 27, 1862. President King and Dr. Bellows, as already stated, were present at the formal opening of the Union League House, February 23d. The former gentleman President paid gallant tribute to the priority of Philadelphia in King's this matter, and with the following extract from his speech the discussion may properly close. President King said : "In New York we will gladly imitate the example set us and cooperate with you. . . . We are in New York very power- less of good. . . . It is fit that in the city of the Hall of Independence we should come here and learn that our government must last forever. We carry out your precepts. ' ' 67 Growth quick and impressive CHAPTER V THE UNION LEAGUE AT WORK Now begins an astonishing account of what a handful of men in earnest accomplished in a single year, and that the first year of their enterprise. It began with a membership of between sixty and sev- enty, but before its year ran out there were nine hun- dred and sixty-eight names on the members' roll. On its Strangers' Register there were fifteen hundred names, among them those men of high public and social standing who formed the Protestant Episcopal Con- vention and the Presbyterian Assembly, whose formal visits to the Union League were honors of peculiar significance in that stormy time. Not that the Union League was in actual need of such kindly countenance. Itself had proved to be its own sufficient sanction. Never was a private social movement so triumphantly wafted into inspiring publicity in so short a time. It spoke the magic word in the plain, clear tone that thrills the ear and fires the heart, and did this at the critical moment. There was no mistaking the ring of the new Union League's war-cry, " Unqualified loyalty " ; " un- wavering support" of the Government's efforts to " suppress the Rebellion." Only the strong could afford to echo that cry in that uncertain day. Later on, recruits came in by battalions and armies, but the 68 The Union League at Work peril had ended widi the early fights. When the Union League came boldly into the open, its very fear- lessness stung the half-concealed enemy into a vexed avowal of radical hostility. The course was quickly cleared for a test of endurance. The opening of the Loyalty ITT'T 1 • 111 finds its lists after the Union Leagues proclamation had been ygji-g sounded was more than a vindication of its courageous step. The best men eagerly proffered their names and substantial support. A change had come since the time of which Mr. Boker afterward vividly wrote : "In those dark and dispiriting days the League House was regarded by some as a refuge rather than as a resort for loyalty; a place where patriotism might harbor from social antagonisms, rather than as a public forum whence it might speak to the nation." Here it is rig^ht that the new-born Union Leag-ue The first should speak for itself There is a half-romantic, half- annua' report pathetic interest in the "First Annual Report," as indeed there must be in any voice speaking to us from the shad- owy distance where a great movement had its making. Mr. Boker, as will be seen elsewhere, was, if not the soul, in a large degree the brain and hand of the Club and League. His account of the former has been perpetuated in this chronicle, and now we draw upon his report of this first year of the Union League. Let it be read in the light of the time in which it was penned : " At first our aims were moderate. We proposed to establish Their first a social institution ; to open a home for loyalty, where true men intent might breathe without having their atmosphere contaminated by 69 The Union League of Philadelphia treason. We thought proper to add to our rooms such literary and domestic attractions as would insure the attendance of mem- bers. . . . The activity which the League has since developed arose naturally from its constitution, and we believe there is not a single member of our body who would now wish to change the course of our public policy. ' ' The first effect of our organization was to awaken a spirit of imitation. Our example was approved on all sides, and many letters were addressed to the Directors asking for information and aid to institute similar associations elsewhere. To meet these in- quiries a printed circular letter was prepared, which was sent into every city, town, and village throughout the land. This letter contained plans for organizing Leagues adapted to the wants and rhe League means of each different state of society. Immediately a host of ^ Leagues arose in our own and neighboring States. Wherever a few loyal men could gather together, some habitation was marked with the fluttering symbol of our country, and designated as ' The League.' Now there is scarcely a hamlet in the loyal States that can not point to such an institution, and the example is being rapidly followed in all those States which our arms have redeemed from Rebel thraldom. If the parent League had produced no more than this brood of faithful offspring, it would have accom- Sentiment plished a great work. Everywhere loyalty was consolidated and compacted made effective. It became something more than a mere sentiment ; it became a resolute spirit that moved into combined action a mul- titude of influential men. From these focal centers went forth opinions that enlightened their various neighborhoods. Men no longer feared to speak aloud in their country's cause. The mere act of association had inspired that courage. Instead of shrinking from the disastrous prophecies and threats of the traitors, we pre- dicted and cautioned in turn. The very fact of our existence was a standing rebuke to disloyal men, and the sight of our flags filled their hearts with intolerable memories of their own falsehood." The formation of the Union League of New York has been noted, two months after Philadelphia had set 70 The Union League at Work the example. Boston started its movement in the house of Dr. Samuel G. Ward, on February 4, 1863, with Edward Everett as chairman, " for the purpose of considering the expediency of forming a club in this city on principles resembling those of the Union League of Philadelphia," except that it pledged itself not to take any associate action " on any political question or subject." What, then, was its mission ? The reply made by the late Edwin P. Whipple throws light on the social conditions in Boston, so like those in Phila- follows delphia. He states that " its effect was to make patriot- Ph'iadel- ism fashionable. Its political power consisted, I think, in informing the rich and fashionable people that they would lose caste if they became Copperheads." Yet the Boston Union League hesitated to adopt the second Article of Association as worded by their Philadelphia leaders. In place of the pledge to " discountenance and rebuke by moral and social influences all disloy- alty to the Federal Government, . . . [by using] every proper means in pubHc and private," they limited their action to "the encouragement and dissemination of patriotic sentiment and opinion." Among the earliest Union Leagues were those of Washington, Baltimore, and San Francisco ; then cities and towns in Delaware and Pennsylvania applied for instructions toward forming local organizations. As early as the middle of February a committee of three was formed — Messrs. Gibbons, McMichael, and Boker — to draw up and send out the desired informa- tion. The circular bears Mr; Boker's style and signa- ture. It carried inspiration as well as suggestion. 71 The Union League of Philadelphia Pointing to its title and emblem, the circular glories in the name " Union League " and the flag floating over it, proud that these and " its very existence are a stand- ing rebuke to the traitors, who are forced to recognize in these symbols and in that existence the presence of a formidable power which they can neither deride nor weaken." It pleads for organization as a means of power, but disclaims any intention of dictating political action : Broad lines for the new Union Leagues "The Union League does not impose bonds on the political conscience of its members. It does not seek to influence elections farther than to prevent offices falling into the hands of disloyal or notoriously incapable men. While it leaves every man free to judge for himself, it marks the broadest line between the true man and the traitor and indicates the side on which its members must be found. ' ' Then follow counsels for loyalists in small commu- nities. A club may be beyond their resources, but a reading and assembly room is advised, with frequent gatherings for speeches or entertainment, to which working-men should be invited. Or if this is imprac- ticable, let there be periodical meetings in the court- house or school. " If even this can not be accomplished, hold a few meetings, or even one, of your people, and let them look one another in the eyes, and subscribe their names to a roll of men who pledge them- selves to sustain their Government through its trials." Somehow, anyhow, "band together, organize, show front against the common enemy, the traitors in the field, and the more dangerous traitors who are lurking around us, watching their opportunity to betray 72 George H. Boker 77^1? Union League at Work their country and their fellow-citizens by one act. Too much vigi- lance can not be exercised toward this latter class. Our armies can cope with the armed rebels, but it is for us, and it is our imperative duty, to keep watch and ward over our domestic foes This thing should not be done here and there ; it should be done everywhere, and all men should feel it to be a duty second only to their religious obligations." This vigorous output was in itself a sufficient an- swer to critics who feared the Union League would degenerate into a mere social club if it set up a cosy home, " with lace curtains in the windows." A National Union Club grew out of the Union League in Philadel- phia, with a membership at nominal fees, and each cooperated with the other. Yet these offshoots were only the beginnings of the splendid influence and price- less practical service of the Union League to the nation in its first year. The sword of Government was The Union rivaled in potency by the pen of the Union League ; the [jf^^^j^g^^oKg voice of Presidential authority was swelled into a mighty from press chorus by the vocal pleadings on the Union League and platform platforms. The messages, entreaties, and proclama- tions from the seat of power were grandly strength- ened and borne right home by the Union League's remarkable cannonade of pamphlets, kept up with spirited determination. What honors belong to the Union Leao-ue's " Board of Publication " will be made clear in the proper place, but passing mention is Adversity as needed here. The stimulus of adversity was bravely a stimulus utilized by the undismayed helmsmen of the Union League. On the broadening batde-field the North was havine rather the worst of it. o 73 The Union League of Philadelphia ' ' Public spirit [says the report] sank into an almost hopeless leth- argy, and doubt and distrust had crept into the minds of the most sanguine. The rebel pirates were sweeping from the seas the float- ing fortunes of our merchants. Domestic traitors were sneering at our efforts to break the power of their Southern brethren, and were predicting a speedy close to the war, through the exhaustion of our courage and resources. Upon this state of things fell the disas- trous news which came to us from Fredericksburg and from Vicks- burg. Burnside had been repulsed, Sherman had been repulsed, ' ' and the campaign in Tennessee was not as yet an assured success. In the field of politics the outlook was hardly more encouraging. The Republican can- didate for Governor of New Hampshire fell short of a plurality. Rhode Island was won, but by a reduced majority, and that in Connecticut was smaller than Opposition at the previous election. In Philadelphia vigorous efforts efforts were made by the anti-war party to checkmate the Union League. The Peace Democrats held an in- dignation meeting in Independence Square to censure the Government for the arrest of Mr. VallandiPfham. A daily newspaper was founded in March, 1863, the organ of the opposition, called T/ie Age. A Demo- cratic club was estabhshed, but upon lines too feeble to maintain vitality. The Enrolment Act of March was declared unconstitutional by a majority of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania. These and kindred troubles tested the mettle of the Union Leaguers, and it stood the sharpest test. " The Age," says Lathrop's narrative, " while printing in one column the movements of ' our forces ' in the field, in another column brought to bear upon those who were supporting the power 74 The Union League at Work that directed such forces all the ingenuities of satire, abuse, and political controversy that seemed likely to weaken the Union cause. It accused the Leaguers of being ' wolves in sheep's clothing,' not satisfied with destroying the Constitution, but also branding as traitors those who ' clung to the provisions of that sacred instru- ment.' Their purpose, it averred, was to establish a consoli- dated government in the North, ' operating directly upon indi- viduals without regard to State relations and duties.' At another time it offered a series of sarcastic resolutions for the Leaguers, the purport of which was that so long as any money could be made out of the war it should be continued. It called upon them taunt, ingly to prove their patriotism by volunteering for military ser- The members' blood was tingling. Things they had only looked at, they now began to see into, and the microscopic vision that had mainly fixed its powers on local objects became telescopic. They discerned the end from the beginning, the glory of the sure victory through the smoke of the shatter- ing guns. They felt their field of action widen under their feet. " The Union League of Philadelphia [again the report] moved /-> n r ! slowly, and we may even say reluctantly, into active public life, ^^y but we were impelled toward this career by the very law of our being. No large association of intelligent men could long remain idle in times like these. We had no specific aim, but the resistless course of events provided aims for us. ' ' How the Union League compassed the undertak- other good ings which entitled it to rank as an auxiliary force to works the army and navy in the work of national unification is detailed in succeeding chapters. But besides these, 75 77?^ Union League of Philadelphia there were outside organizations started and manned by members of the Union League: namely, the Sol- diers' Claim and Pension Agency, giving gratuitous legal and other service to protect the pensioners against sharks ; and the Supervisory Committee for Recruiting Colored Troops. The Sanitary Commission and the Christian Commission were substantially helped by the Union League. The clergy holding loyal prin- ciples were freely granted the privileges of the Union League. A large committee of the Union League was charged with the duty of "providing employment for disabled soldiers who have been honorably discharged from the United States service." The Union The golden opportunity for attaining its twofold League's object, infusing enthusiasm into the popular mind for first Fourth ^ j i i .. ■ ^- i i t , of July country and local patriotism, was now at hand. Inde- pendence Day, in Philadelphia at least, should be used as a Pentecostal means of grace. Its memories and in- spirations were to be heartily pressed into the service of the Union League's lofty mission, to put new life and faith into the flagging spirits and send solid cheer to the brave boys on the shot-plowed July fields. This time the nation's birth anniversary (1863) was to be celebrated both as a holy day and a holiday, to which lesser significance most of the olden solemn feasts have in these days come. The Union League gathered a handsome fund to provide a worthy celebration. The populace were to be prepared for the occasion by simultaneous sermons from pulpits of each denomi- nation on the text of the Liberty Bell, "Proclaim liberty throughout the land and to all the inhabitants 76 The Union League at Work thereof." Every house and public building was to be decorated, a grand procession was planned, President Lincoln was to come, and a memorable utterance was counted on as the crowning feature of a spirit-stirring display of loyalty. The demonstration was made, but on still grander A fateful lines. What was planned as a pleasing show trans- '-^^"S* formed itself into a grim but glorious reality of pa- triotism. The intended symbol became the thing sym- bolized, the vow of sacrifice was consummated in the sacrifice itself. For meanwhile the distant danger had rolled up within earshot of the very guardians of the ark of liberty. By mid-June the defeat at Chancellors- ville had opened Pennsylvania to General Lee and his Confederate army. It was in the air that the dis- affected might now pluck courage enough to mass tos^ether into a free-lance gfuerilla band, to add new dismay to Northern fears. Once again Philadelphia's patriot zeal flashed timely xhe Union counsels of defense and defiance as it had done ninety League years before. And not only counsels. The State got ready for the invader. Governor Curtin issued two Proclamations in four days, calling for the raising of a corps for State defense, and for volunteers to respond to the President's demand for fifty thousand short- term Pennsylvania soldiers. The Union League rose to its splendid chance. Here was a duty, prosaic, in- deed, in one aspect, but in the Union Leaguers' kind- ling eye a duty doubly ennobled by its demand of self-sacrifice and its opportunity for making their enthusiasm contagious. 77 militant The Union League of Philadelphia In the trail of glory The Union League regiments Gettysburg and Vicksburg A victorious Fourth For a while the popular response was seemingly laggard, but lenient judgment is due to wage-earners who have to balance the claims of country against the ties of affection and the risks of war to others than themselves. The Union League had a kindly thought left for the homes to be made unhappy. With one hand on the treasury to be kept for philanthropic after- purposes, it busied the other in giving substantial inducements to volunteers. A Committee on Enlist- ment was appointed from among the subscribers to the Fourth of July fund, with power to equip recruits. Instead of wasting money on fireworks, they gathered up eighty thousand dollars in a few days, which re- sulted in the sending of three regiments to the front, not slowly, for they got there before they could be used, all expenses being borne by the Union League. On July ist the members assembled, at the call of William D. Lewis, and two hundred of those present formed themselves into a military company, the "Dana Troop," named after the General in command. The red-letter days between this and the Fourth of July are not forgotten yet. On the 2d the news was that Meade was beating Lee at Gettysburg. On the 3d his victory was complete, and on that same day came the report that Grant had conquered at Vicks- burg and had taken thirty-seven thousand prisoners. A few days before this the State House bell had rung a public alarm, the first time in fourteen years. Now, on the thrice glorious Fourth, for having emerged from gloom to joy, the bell rang an unanticipated Jubilate, joined in by all the belfries of the thankful city. Im- 78 The Union League at Work promptu services were led by Revs. Dr. Brainerd and Phillips Brooks, to give vent to the tumultuous feelings of the throng around the State House. The Union League could contemplate its share in that memorable celebration with a happy conscience and a throbbing heart. These literary and military labors of the Union League are detailed in the pages that follow. A brief note will suffice here upon its first political crusade. Its rule of non-partizanship is remembered. It only came into action if public office was in danger of being conferred on " traitors." The election for The Union Governor was to take place in October. Governor ^^P* '" ^ _ politics Andrew G. Curtin was the choice of the Republicans for re-election, in recognition of his powerful efforts to assist the Government in every possible way. The candidate of the Democrats and peace advocates was Justice Woodward, of the Supreme Court, who had wished " the line of separation to run north of Penn- sylvania," and one of the majority judges who had decided against the Enrolment Act. The Union League avowed its support of Curtin, xhe first as the advocate of union by suppression of rebellion, campaign James L. Claghorn was treasurer of the Union League, and of several of its committees. In his private capa- city Mr. Claghorn collected one hundred and fifty thousand dollars for the campaign fund. This was in excess of the sum required in the canvass, and a handsome balance was handed over to the Union League Board of Publication by Wayne MacVeagh, Chairman of the State Central Committee of the 79 The Union League of Philadelphia Republican Party, and himself an active member of the Union League. Governor Curtin was re-elected by a majority of fifteen thousand votes, and the Republican Party was in control of every State department. The direct and indirect assistance of the Union League of Philadelphia was acknowledged, as Maine and Cali- fornia at the autumn elections came back into the loyalist ranks. The Union An admirable feature of the first year's work was League ^|^g striking of a medal of honor to be conferred on honor "^^n who were regarded as deserving well of their country. The Union League shared the honor it conferred on President Lincoln when it voted him its first gold medal. Silver medals, accompanied by a let- ter and the freedom of the Union League, were pre- sented to his Cabinet. The war captains were also cheered by this graceful recognition by the Union League. Major-Generals Grant, Meade, Rosecrans, Halleck, Banks, Burnside, Q. A. Gillmore, McDowell, Butler, Hooker, Sigel, Couch, Dana, and Cadwalader, and Brigadier-Generals Lorenzo Thomas and W. D. Whipple, each received a medal. Admirals Farragut and Porter, Captain Worden, and the widow of Admiral Foote received the same token of honor. The Union League medal was also awarded to Governor Curtin and Colonel G. A. Crosman for general patriotic service, and it was a graceful act to confer the medal on Josiah Quincy, and the eminent English and French publicists who had be- friended the Union cause in their respective countries, greatly to our benefit: namely, John Bright, Richard 80 Union League Medal PRESENTED TO PRESIDENT LINCOLN AND OTHER DISTINGUISHED MEN DURING THE WAR The Union League at Work Cobden, Laboulaye, and Gasparin. Thus ends this out- line sketch of the Union League's first year, the details of its wide-spread activities and some portraiture of its leading spirits coming in proper order hereafter. The year officially closed on December 14, 1863, when the annual meeting ratified the Articles of Association and re-elected the officers. The Board was authorized to apply for an Act of Incorporation, and thanks were given to the workers who had so nobly earned them. The report also thanks Mr. Ferdinand J. Dreer and his fellow-contributors for the gift of Sully's equestrian portrait of Washington.* Other donors enriched the Union League with valuable books, maps, charts, etc., which formed the nucleus of the splendid library and art collection subsequently built up. The report concludes with a 'ts plea for strong appeal for harmony, the suppression of par- patrioHsm tizan and personal prejudices, that as a body the men of the League may ' ' always throw themselves unhesitatingly and with all their accu- mulated weight upon the side of the Government. . . . AVe are bound together by no stronger tie than that of common senti- ment. In the present perilous condition of our country, that *"To THE Directors of the Union League of Philadelphia. " Gentlemen : Some time since, as you are aware, the noble picture of Washington which now adorns the walls of our League, painted by that able and honored artist, Thomas Sully, Esq., was placed there with a view to its sub- sequent purchase. This picture was painted by the artist in the full vigor of his manhood and his genius, and was intended to adorn the Hall of the Capitol, but the appropriation having to be made at the close of Polk's administration, it fell through and the picture was not placed there. The venerable artist, whose whole soul is with the Union cause, has nothing to offer for its furtherance than the fruits of his pencil, for future years. This picture therefore he offers to the 6 81 The Union League of Philadelphia sentiment may appear to be a bond of immense strength and of endless duration. It is the noblest passion that can inspire a free man. It has already taken a million uncompelled men into the fields of death ; it has joined us who linger at home into a devoted brotherhood ; expand it as we will, it is all summed up in the word Patriotism. Let us do nothing to impair the brightness or weaken the links of this sacred bond. Let us move together in perfect harmony, with a union as unbroken as that Union which we hope soon to see reestablished over our beloved Country ! ' ' The sole After thirty-seven years, but one of the Directors survivor .^j^q issued this first report survives. If his then associates could to-day sit with Judge Hare in review of their fulfihnent of this pious counsel, who can doubt their verdict? In non-essentials variance of opinion is inevitable and of small account, but from the elevated standpoint of the larger patriotism the voice from the shades would be, " Well done, good and faithful servants of your noble trust ! " League at the small sum of ^75°, although, valuing it at a low figure, it should bring ^1500. It was to have been sold to Congress for $2200. " The undersigned, with the valuable assistance of James L. Claghorn, Esq., has, with the object of purchasing this picture for the League, been enabled to collect, in subscriptions of $10 each, the sum of $600, and I would respectfully ask of the Union League that they make an appropiation of $150 out of the funds of the League to complete the purchase. " Respectfully yours, "Philadelphia, October 14, 1863. FERDINAND J. Dreer." Among the miscellanea of the League is the following autograph note : " Philadelphia, loth February, 1863. " George H. Boker, Esq. "Dear Sir: I gratefully accept the favor conferred upon me by the asso- ciation making me a member of the Union League Club. " Their, and your, obedient servant, "Thos. Sully." 82 CHAPTER VI THE UNION LEAGUE MILITARY WORK To realize the difificult and at times disheartening The task of the Government in massing trained forces for volunteer the war, it is well to glance backward at the conditions in the first year of the struggle. The Rebellion kindled a flame of passionate patriotic enthusiasm throughout the Northern States. There was no trouble in raising regiments. Men of every social grade volunteered for service in the cause of national unity and felt the sacrifice to be an honor exceeding all rewards. The sudden transition from peaceful pur- suits to the hardships of camp life, varied only by the racking din of cannon and the agonizing scenes of carnage, was a terrible test of faith. All are not en- dowed with nerves of steel, or, still better for such an ordeal, with the power to become nerveless. It was inevitable that voluntary enlistments should fall off, and from no diminution of either loyalty or purpose. The soldier is not the only fighting patriot. The South was pushing conscription to the furthest limit. Off- setting this, the friends of the Government courted heavy war taxation, and then put their hands deep into their private purses to carry on the struggle. So far from feeling discouraged by the first reverses, the Northern men seemed electrified into intenser deter- mination. Their thoughts wheeled around to anew 83 The Union League of Philadelphia The bounty system Sinews of war direction ; the arts of peace were now to be secondary to those of war. Instead of volunteering for the routine career of soldiering, many a stalwart Union man betook himself and his special gifts to the work of gathering and shaping the thousand necessaries without which an army in the field would be helpless. Gradually the organization progressed, each man find- ing his fit place in the grand rally for national life. The President's call for troops was splendidly re- sponded to. State after State sent regiment after regiment to the front. Money was voted by Congress, was appropriated by States, and was lavishly supplied by private generosity. All that enthusiasm can in- spire was manifested on every hand, but zeal undi- rected is apt to defeat its best ambition. The bounty system was found to have drawbacks. Bounty-jump- ing was the first but not the gravest evil. Com- petition in bounty-giving had certain undesirable effects, which can best be indicated by quoting from a speech by the Hon. Henry D. Moore, State Treasurer of Pennsylvania. On the 24th of July, 1862, a meet- ing of citizens of Philadelphia was convened in the Board of Trade Rooms, presided over by Mayor Alex- ander Henry. Its object was to aid Governor Cur- tin in providing the quota of forces from the State, under the requisition of the Government. The lead- ing men of the city were present, and at its close about $30,000 were subscribed by thirty individuals and firms, besides individual sums of $3000 and $2000, and a donation of $50,000 from the Pennsylvania Railroad Company. 84 The Union League Military Work Mr. Moore's speech thoroughly explained the situation and was a typical example of the sentiments then ringing throughout the loyal States. He said : " I feel it incumbent upon myself to state that there is no citi- Henry D. zen of this Commonwealth who feels more interest in the object of Moore's the meeting than does Governor Curtin ; I am confident of this, and narration I know that it has been a question with him for the past ten or twelve days whether he should call the Legislature together, so that they might make some provision for a State bounty. On Monday he took the opportunity to consult with a number of prominent gen- tlemen in Harrisburg, and it being their unanimous opinion, after mature deliberation, that it would be far better to look to the patriotism and magnanimity of the people of this Commonwealth for the means to supply the bounty than to the Legislature, he therefore decided not to call that body together. There are many things operating against the enlistment of men at the present time. The first is that nearly the whole of our working population is engaged in pursuits which yield them better wages than those paid the soldier. The second is that the floating population has already been absorbed ; and the third is that in the adjoining States the various cities and towns have adopted a wrong policy in offering sums of money to enlist. This has retarded the progress of vol- unteering in our State : at the same time it has taken away many of . , ^ ^. ° . . ^ in bounties our best men. This being the case, it will be impossible for us to have enlistments in this State, unless we offer an equal or superior bounty. It will be much better for the citizens to give that bounty than for the State to do it. This is not my opinion alone, but that of the Governor and many others. It is only recently that I have felt the responsibility resting upon me as a citizen of the United States, and as yet I am afraid that too few of us realize that responsibility. It should be recognized by us, who for the past twelve months have reposed securely in our homes, with our fam- ilies gathered round a happy fireside, little realizing our terrible and fearful position as a nation. Do we recognize that there is a war the most sanguinary for centuries past being carried on, and 85 The Union League of Philadelphia that many brave and patriotic men are almost daily yielding up their lives in defense of this Union ? Soon it is to be determined whether we are a government or not — a people among the nations of the earth. Or are we to be defeated, humiliated, and governed by a despotism worse than any in the old world ? These things are realities — no fancy sketches. Go to the hospitals and see the mangled, bleeding forms — ask these poor suffering fellows what it all means. Ask the widow and fatherless, in their desolate homes, why is all this ? Go to the battle-fields of Manassas, of Shiloh. Go to the battle-fields before Richmond, where the brave Pennsyl- vania Reserves were hewn down. There witness that scene of death and carnage. Then answer whether this is not a struggle of life and death for this nation. If a foreign foe were about to invade our land, how lavishly would we bestow our money to support the Government. But the men who are now in arms against us are worse than a foreign foe. They are an enemy who is endeav- oring to pull down the pillars of our fair Government, and are seeking to establish a despotism. What use is all our wealth if we can not have a government to protect us ? Better leave our children penniless, with a glorious government, than with millions and the wreck of a noble republic, with a despotism ruling them. As you value the glorious memories of the past and the hopes of the future, so give of your means to your country in its extremity." The Union League as a recruiting agency Pennsylvania gave nobly of her blood and treasure in the months between this meeting and the Confed- erate victory at Chancellorsville in the May following. This stroke, and the entry of Lee with his seventy-five thousand seasoned veterans into Pennsylvania for further conquests, shocked the people into stern reso- lution. Here the Union League assumed character- istic leadership. Instant action was imperative. A meeting was called at the Union League June 27, 1863, and the following members were appointed a Military 86 The Union League Military Work regiments Committee to organize a Union League regiment: J. Reese Fry, Chairman ; Samuel M. Felton, J. Edgar Thomson, Ellerslie Wallace, James L. Claghorn, Horace Binney, Jr., Morton McMichael, George H. Crosman, J. I. Clarke Hare, William D. Lewis, George Whitney, Andrew Wheeler.* The League offered a tempting bounty, $300, and The Union added : " Such necessary expenses as are not properly League borne by the Government will be defrayed from a fund raised by members of the League." Within a week the responses were so numerous that the Committee signalized the Fourth of July by calling for recruits for a second regiment. The first Union League regi- ment was commanded by Colonel William D. Whip- ple. The Second was under Colonel William A. Gray ; and the Third, under Colonel George P. McLean. These enlisted as three months' regiments. Assistance was also given in forming Lieutenant-Colonel T. Ell- wood Zell's battalion of Pennsylvania Chasseurs, The Fourth Union League full quota regiment was enlisted for three years, and was mustered in as the One Hundred and Eighty-third Pennsylvania Volun- teers. Aid was also furnished in the equipment of five companies of cavalry, including the " Dana Troop," between June, 1863, and March, 1864. In July of the latter year another call was issued for volunteers for a term of one hundred days. This formed the Fifth Union League, or One Hundred and Ninety-sixth Pennsylvania Regiment, commanded by * Judge Hare and Andrew Wheeler are the sole survivors. 87 The Union League of Philadelphia 10,000 Colonel Neff. Soon after this the Sixth Union League was formed, which became the One Hundred and Ninety-eighth Pennsylvania, under Colonel Horatio G. Sickel, enlisted for a year. It mustered some fourteen hundred men in three battalions. Before the year was out three more regiments were raised, the Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Union League Regiments, otherwise known as the Two Hundred and Thirteenth Pennsylvania Volunteers, under Colonel John A. Gorgas ; the Two Hundred and Fourteenth, under Colonel D. B. McKibben ; and the Two Hundred and The Union Fifteenth, under Colonel Francis Wister. The Union ^^^Ttroops League furnished the Government during the last two years of the war with ten thousand organized troops, the outcome of a wise expenditure of |io8,ooo, col- lected and disbursed by its own Committee. Their worthy Nor were the Union League's recruits ornamental forces only. Under Colonel George P. McLean the One Hundred and Eighty-third Regiment (Fourth Union League) distinguished itself in the battles of the Wilderness, fighting in General Grant's army. It did great work at the siege of Petersburg. After a few months, says the record, this gallant regiment became reduced to one hundred and fifty men, so great was the depletion by death and disease, but " with ranks partly refilled by disbanding veterans and fresh re- cruits, it kept its place in the field, constantly active, until the surrender of Lee." The One Hundred and Ninty-eighth (Sixth Union League), under Colonel Sickel, made a victorious charge against the enemy's position before Petersburg, a notable distinction for a record « TWE BAY IS OUIISt lilSTH PRNNalEVANIA VOl-UNTIiBES I NISTH UNION LEAGUE' BEGIHENT Th« "Military ConunUtee of the Union LeafluBregt- ztieDt has received authority to raise AN0TI1F.H REGIMENT OE INFANTRY FOR TWELVE MONTHS' SERYIOE. Under the call of December 19, 1854. Orders have been given to the Provost Uaishats and other Mastering Officers to muster in Recruits lor th« Begiment. The Officers are all Veteran Soldiers and will take care of the men ,andbewith them In the field . HEADQUARTERS, NATIONAL GUARDS' HALL. BACK STREET, BELOW SIXTH, PHILADA. CITY AND V. S. BOUNTIES. ONE YEAR,..- _$300 TWO YEARS, 6S0 THREE YEARS 800 Besides the HIGHEST WARD BOUNTIES, AND PAT, RATIONS AND CLOTHING. Becmiting Stations have been established in vaHons parts of the city. By order of the MILITARY COMMITTEE QF THE UNION LEAOUE. Ap 12-4t Advertisement for Recruits by the Union League, 1864 The Union League Military Work first experience of battle. At the fight of Lewis Farm this regiment, and another from New York, with artillery, defeated and chased three of the strongest Southern brigades, a feat of gallantry acknowledged by General Ewell and other Confederate officers. This was one of the critical battles in Virginia, and one of the last, being fought in March, 1865. The Union League regiment admittedly put the finishing touch to a fight which effectually prevented possible grave disaster, except to itself; for its commander, Sickel, was wounded, and its two Majors, Glenn and Maccuen, fell on the field. It bore its part worthily in the Battle of Five Forks, and co-operated with Sheridan in the final manoeuvers which terminated at Appomattox Court House. The other regiments were employed in guarding prisoners, doing garrison duty, and variously contributing to the solidity of the triumph won by the Union forces, some less conspicu- ously, but not less meritoriously, than those with vic- tories inscribed on their flags. The Eighth Union League regiment was not mustered out until March, 1866. Among the papers in the Union League's posses- The Union sion are the following telegrams, which throw an ^^^^^J^^^^^ interesting side-light on the activity of the Union Department League in this work. Mr. J. Reese Fry died early in 1864, and was succeeded by Mr. James H. Orne, whose enthusiastic efforts had caused the Committee to add his name soon after its formation. It was largely owing to his energy that the Sixth Union League regiment was completed in five weeks. The Union League of Philadelphia The first telegram is from Colonel Neff (Fifth Union League), dated Chicago, September lo, 1864. "To Jas. H. Orne, Chestnut below 7th, Phila. Energy in "Can get from one hundred (100) to three hundred (300) enlistments men if some one will come out with full information and necessary- authority to have men mustered. "H. Neff, Col^ (2. Pencil draft of telegram.) "Union League, Sept. 11, 1864. [Obvious error for September loth.] "Hon. Ed. M. Stanton, Sec. War, Washington. " I have an offer from Col. Neff, 196th Penna. Vol. One hun- dred days, to re-enlist two or three hundred men for one year regiment. Can it be done? Can the inen be mustered in at Chicago and sent to Phila. mustered to go with Col. Sickel's? I will send a man out at once if you say yes and give me the necessary directions. I think I can get four hundred well-drilled men. Please answer me this morning if possible ; the men will be credited on the Phila. quota. Your obt. " James H. Orne, Ch." (3-) "Washington, Sept. 10, 1864, 4 o'clock p. m. "James H. Orne, Esq., Frest. Union League. "The Provost Marshal Genl. reports that your application of this date can not be granted without prejudice to the service, because, ist. Col. Sickel's regiment is already full by assignment of recruits yesterday ; 2nd, soldiers now in service can not be taken from their regiments to enter new organizations, but if they have less than sixty days to serve they may enlist old regts. not full in accordance with provisions of circular No. fifty-eight, or having more than sixty days to serve they may re-enlist now and remain 90 The Union League Military Work in their present regt. until its term expires and then be consolidated into a battalion or transferred into some other regt. In either case of enlistment they will be credited to the localities to which they belonged when they serve. "E. M. Stanton, Sec. War " The importance of the last sentence is obscured by the final word, which seems to have been " service " originally, and then changed to " serve." Possibly Mr. Stanton had dictated the words " when they entered the service." The Union League Committee was in perpetual Ceaseless session, putting no limits to its activities. George ^'^tivity Trott, whose decease preceded that of Mr. Lewis by only a few months, took a course of military instruc- tion to qualify himself for drilling recruits for the First Union League regiment. Each member constituted himself a vigilant subcommittee for the benefit of the Union Leaofue, the recruits, and the national cause. They were in constant correspondence with ofiicers in the field, with the War Department, and with the press, upon every matter touching however remotely upon the efficiency of the military. They sent a memorial to Congress pointing out certain weak features in the system of local bounties, which led to important modifications of the Enrolment Act. The sum total of the services rendered to patriotism by the Union League Committee can not be ade- quately expressed in figures. So many thousands of armed men and so many thousands of dollars give the merest surface view of values that must be meas- ured by terms that express all that is comprised in the 91 The Union League of Philadelphia Raising colored regiments self-sacrifice of patriots who devote their brains, their time, energy, and earnings to the salvation of their country. Apart from the raising of the regiments here men- tioned, and apart from the Union League as such, a highly important step was that of raising negro troops. The question was full of difficulties. As this chronicle has already shown, public opinion was sharply divided about the negro. There was distrust of his capacity, good faith, and endurance. The problem of whether and how to utilize him was ultimately solved by neces- sity. Laborers were growing scarce. The negro was as good numerically as his white comrade. So in the early summer of 1863 the enlistment of colored troops began, Massachusetts in the lead, with the grand march of its Fifty-fourth Colored Troops through Bos- ton, headed by the brave Colonel Shaw. There had been several efforts in Congress to favor this move- ment. In 1862 an amendment was carried extending the powers of the old Militia Act of 1795 to authorize the employment of colored men in making intrench- ments or other such work for the army. Represen- tative John Hickman, of Pennsylvania, introduced, and then withdrew, a bill authorizing the enlistment of negroes into the army. The subject brisded with dif- ficulties. Not until February 10, 1863, was Congress moved, by sundry cogent persuasions of hard ex- perience, to accept and act upon the amendment of Thaddeus Stevens, of Pennsylvania, which sanctioned the enlistment of negroes as volunteers into the United States Army. So fierce was the prejudice against the 92 The Union League Military Work colored soldier that the troops who marched amid cheers throuofh the streets of Boston had to avoid New York for fear of a popular riot. There were strong spirits in the Philadelphia Union " Radical' League who were bent on demonstrating their wisdom stalwarts and right to form negro regiments, in the stress of the situation. These "radicals," as they were called, had long determined to do this, but hostile sentiment was strong enough to delay final action until the 8th of June, 1863, when they held their first formal meet- ing in the Union League house. This antedated Mr. J. Reese Fry's recruiting committee by three weeks. The chairman was William D. Lewis, and the military speakers were Colonel Lafayette Bingham and Major George L. Stearns, of Boston. The prevailing opinion was that as more than eleven hundred Pennsylvania negroes had already been enrolled in regiments of other States, the home State was losing credit for this particular manifestation of loyalty and courage. Two days after this meeting a memorial was sent to the Secretary of War from citizens of Philadelphia. The memorial set forth that the signers were of opinion that if the Secretary would, at their request, authorize the raising of three colored regiments, it would gratify the citizens at large and meet with an immediate response. They further suggested "that none but colored non-commissioned officers be allowed to can- vass for recruits ; and that no individual, no clique, nor distinct set of politicians be exclusively trusted with this matter. It is the whole people who urge this action, and all classes should be charged with 93 The Union League of Philadelphia Head- quarters opened for colored troops its support." The memorialists finally assured the War Secretary of their readiness to provide "whatso- ever funds may be necessary to defray extraordinary expenses for recruiting not allowed by the Govern- ment," and to help the work in every honorable and disinterested way. The memorial was signed by Thomas Webster, Daniel Smith, Jr., William D. Lewis, William D. Kelley, George H. Boker, Horace Binney, Jr., Charles Gibbons, Morton McMichael, and others ; in all, two hundred and seventy-six sig- natures. Secretary Stanton replied on June 17th, granting the request, and stating that the proper orders had at once been issued, adding that Major Stearns would explain the Department's views in detail. Next day, the i8th, the correspondence appeared in the newspapers, and without delay the memorialists formed a committee of sixty, entitled the Supervisory Committee for the Enlistment of Colored Troops, with headquarters upon Chestnut Street, ad- joining the Union League. Major Stearns superin- tended the operations on behalf of the Government and Lieutenant-Colonel C. F. Ruff, of the Third United States Cavalry, was instructed to receive and muster into service one regiment of ten companies, eight hundred in all. The movement was welcomed by the colored people, who held meetings in its favor. The first company of eighty recruits was taken to a piece of ground in Cheltenham township, Montgomery County, eight miles out on the North Pennsylvania Railroad. Camp William Penn was at once established, under the charge of then Lieutenant-Colonel, now General, Louis 94 The Union League Military Work Wagner, of the Eighty-eighth Pennsylvania Volunteers. In the eighteenth issue of the new weekly loyalist organ, The National Guard (July i8, 1863), is a large woodcut of Camp Penn. The site is described as Camp charming, " and the inhabitants are of the most respect- pgnn^"" able class of wealthy farmers and retired or partially retired business men of the city. The elegant mansion of Mr. John Butler overlooks in near and full view the camp, and Mrs. Butler herself although a Southern woman and a slaveholder, is said to express lively sat- isfaction at the accession of so picturesque an addition to the varieties of her view. She bears her testimony to the quiet and decorous behavior of the black re- cruits." The National Guard itself echoes the prevalent Public feeling of timid surprise at the phenomenon of black '".*^!f*^ soldiers : ■ "The history of this colored recruiting movement constitutes one of the most remarkable chapters in our annals. A little more than one year ago the idea of making black men soldiers, and investing them with the uniform and rights of United States troops, was entertained by comparatively few outside of the ranks of what were called ' the radicals ' ! Now, Presto ! the whole thing is changed. In this thinking, newspaper-reading, discussing country^ public opinion undergoes changes as rapid as they are radical. At this moment no measure of the Administration is more popular among loyal men of all classes than that of enlisting black men as soldiers. In this city it is absolutely the fashion." The Supervisory Committee had at that early date raised over twenty-five thousand dollars, with more flowing in daily. Abraham Barker was chairman 95 The Union League of Philadelphia prejudice strong of the Finance Committee, and N. B. Browne, chair- man of the Executive Committee. By July 24th the ten companies, of eighty each, completed the first regiment, which became part of the regular army as the Third United States Regiment, Colored Partizan Troops. On August ist its first public parade was to be made through the city, but here, as in New York, the hostile element was so strong that a riotous demonstration against the negro soldiers was feared. Acting on representations by the Mayor, the War Department ordered Colonel Wagner to embark the troops without parading. A second regiment (Sixth United States) was ready for service before the end of September, and a third (afterward the Eighth United States) was well on to completion. When a battalion of the latter was in good trim, it was decided to hold a review of the former regiment and this battalion at Camp Penn, on September 24th, to which the public were invited by advertisement. The Supervisory Committee and the advocates of negro troops had been disappointed in their intention of having a city parade. This review would serve as a demonstration and be free from the possible risks of a street parade. The root prejudice against the colored race was wide-spread and appar- ently invincible. It was in vain that friends of the negro pointed in pamphlet and speech to the employ- ment of free blacks by Washington in the Revolution, by Jackson at New Orleans, and to conspicuous ex- amples, in the existing War of the Rebellion, of ex- slaves fighting for the Union cause. To give them 96 Headquarters for Recruiting Colored Troops Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, 1864 The Union League Military Work military status on a level with white soldiers was not a light and simple alternative for the acceptance of every worthy patriot, even in such an emergency. Many stalwart Unionists hesitated at a policy which, while harmless enough taken by itself, gave promise of serious troubles in the future. From the narrower Troubles view of party the Republicans foresaw, or believed ^^'^^ they saw, grave perils looming over the impending Presidential contest of November, 1864, on which their every hope and energy were concentrated. Those good men of all parties who were looking beyond the conflict to an era of peace and recon- ciliation perceived the immediate consequences of so daring a challenge to the alienated South, and dreaded the probable evils in its train. As a fact, the appearance of negroes militant, in the Nation's uni- form and armed with the Nation's weapons, inflamed the slave-owning Confederates beyond control. How wildly, is shown in the accounts of the massacre at Fort Pillow. The negroes "were shot down after surrender, some were nailed to logs and burned, some were buried alive, and even whites taken with the negroes shared the same fate."* On the other hand, it is fair to acknowledge that the as yet unemancipated negroes of the South as a whole remained faithful to their masters till the end. Public opinion was not so much divided as it was inadequately informed upon the facts and probabilities of this problem, and each *"The United States: an Outline of Political History." By Goldwin Smith, D.C.L., 1893. 7 97 Tlie Union League of Philadelphia party had sufficient reason on its side to justify its view. But the die had been cast, and the negro soldier was abroad in the land. The public took an The negro r^ • j i. soldier unique interest in Camp Penn. Society drove to the welcomed Chelten Hills as to some grand spectacle, and no sec- tion of the city but sent its daily group of curious inspectors, in humble vehicles and afoot, to report on the surprising transformation scene. It was thought good policy to risk whatever manifestation might be made of the by this time better-informed popular opinion among cit>'- folks. The announcement was made that the troops from Camp Penn, the full Sixth and a portion of the Eighth United States Regi- ment, would parade through Philadelphia on October 3d, under Colonel John W. Ames. An outbreak was feared by many ; others were assured that the excel- lent conduct and soldierly bearing of the troops would favorably impress the spectators. The situation de- manded the exercise of fine discretion by all con- cerned, and it was not wanting. The officers carried loaded revolvers, undisplayed, for use only if abso- lutely needed, but the soldiers had no ammunition. A successful The odd battalion, the Eighth, had neither muskets nor swords. There was no police escort. Colonel Waener rode at the head of the column.* The streets were lined with people, expectant of trouble that did not come. The march was a triumphant demonstra- tion of confidence in the loyal instinct of the vast majority. The troops were cheered as they passed * See General Wagner's communication on this subject, printed hereafter. The Union League Military Work the Union League in review by General George Cadwalader, who stood on its steps. Two months before a similar parade had been countermanded in fear of popular violence ; at last the loyal leaven had worked, and the Union League took pride in so com- plete a vindication of its courageous policy. It is re- corded that "a sturdy Quaker abolitionist, standing beside another member as they watched the files go by, exclaimed, ' I have been an abolitionist all my life, but you gentlemen of the Supervisory Committee, in bringing about this parade, have gone further than ever I would have done.' " Among the papers in the Union League's posses- sion is a pamphlet with an illustrated cover giving an interesting view of the headquarters of the Super- visory Committee, at No. 1210 Chestnut Street. The Training upper stories have notice boards inviting recruits °Qig"^ ""^ for the colored troops, and offering free military in- troops struction for applicants for the command of those troops. A huge flag is suspended from a rope cross- ing the street. The pamphlet states that up to December 26th one thousand and fifty-one appli- cants had been examined, of whom five hundred and sixty were passed. The Chief Preceptor was Colonel John H. Taggart, late of the Twelfth Penn- sylvania Reserves. The school had an attendance of one hundred and ninety-four students. About one hundred and fifty were recommended for command, and the value of this agency in contributing to the efficiency of the one hundred thousand negro vol- unteers who soon swelled the Union forces is obvious. 99 The Union League of Philadelphia No less than thirty-three thousand three hundred and eighty-eight dollars had been raised by the Committee for the forming of the three regiments on which they had set their mind. Their wise management of this fund enabled them to add two more regiments without asking further subscriptions, the Twenty-second and Twenty-fifth United States, which were ready for ser- vice on January 6, and February 3, 1864. Philadelphia had the distinction of enlisting and equipping nearly five thousand colored troops in shorter time and more economically than could be claimed elsewhere. New York The first Union League regiment of colored troops PhUadelphia °^ Pennsylvania (Third United States) was completed by July 24th. On November 2 2d the Union League Club of New York addressed a letter to Governor Seymour asking him to authorize the raising of a colored regiment by its members. In reply the Gover- nor stated he had not the power, and referred them to the War Department, which had expressed its reluct- ance to authorize such a proceeding unless Governors should give their sancdon. By December 4th the Club notified Governor Seymour that the War De- partment had given its authorization. No notice was taken of this by the Governor. The Club acted without further correspondence ; a fund of eighteen thousand dollars ; was collected, and by the end of the year the first New York Union League regiment was ready for duty. There needs no more than this simple record of the military labors of the Union League, in formal and in independent action, to establish its claim to public The Union League Military Work gratitude as an auxiliary force in aid of national defense and establishing the Union. Theirs was emphatically a labor of love by heart and hand, bringing the quick reward of public recognition. The Second Annual second Report was able to say that " nothing has done annual more to spread the fame and influence of the League '^*''°'^* than this most honorable employment of its resources." The Military Committee stated in their first report that their success had secured the confidence of the public and the special approbation of the War Department. The final report sums up the work accomplished be- tween the organization, in June, 1863, and the end of 1864, and expresses the Committee's acknowledgment of " the cordial cooperation which they have at all times received from the Authorities, both State and National, and the inexhaustible liberality of their fellow-citizens, w^hich kept them constantly supplied with the means necessary to the successful discharge of the duties in- trusted to them." Some minor matters relating to the military work will be found in the chapter following. CHAPTER VII THE UNION LEAGUE LITERARY, PHILAN- THROPIC, AND POLITICAL WORK. While the roar of a great national convulsion may- Silent forces dull the senses to the finer play of forces not less potent than those that tell in noise, there comes a time for dispassionate judgment when the tumult is over. To the popular mind the man behind the gun is always the true hero. His strokes are seen, his bravery proclaims itself, he plays a spectacular part, and plays it like the daring fighter he is. In the heat of the struggle and in the glowing hour of victory he looms large through the smoke of the foreground, and is rightly crowned with glittering wreaths. Then time touches the proud trophy with its gentle and not unkindly reminder that the fairest laurels mellow and fade. Not from sight or mind, for the man of war is never forgotten, but a grateful people are moved by generous instinct to search out the less conspicuous contributors to that success. The men and women behind the man who fires the gun count for something in the grand achievement. Without the makers of its powder and shot, the gun would be a toy, and its man would lack the thrill of patriotic courage if there had been no brave souls in the rear- guard, whose steadfast toil in the days and nights of the anxious waiting-time was to inspire him with fiery I02 The Union League Literary Work loyalty and the confidence that comes with the assur- ance of trusty friends who will be his human Providence in the day of need. Nor was this the only end in view. Those devoted loyalists realized to the full the imperative necessity for stimulating a healthy national sentiment among the class from which recruits were chiefly to come. Mere bounty-giving would have been a poor makeshift for genuine enthusiasm in the cause of the Union. They desired to help the Government to a higher quality of soldier than a mercenary. And there was the "average man" to be looked after; toned up in his conception of duty ; kept sound upon the root principles, liable to be obscured by passing issues ; and his drooping spirits in those first days of trial to be stimulated into loyal enthusiasm. There were a hundred crafty missiles of the enemy to be hurled back before they wrought lasting mischief — pamphlets, speeches, and cunningly contrived argu- ments. Bearing always in mind the then hotly divided state of public opinion, it is possible to realize how distracting and often delicate a task was that so nobly taken upon themselves by the pioneers who formed the Union League. The striking- decree of intellieence with which the , ^ „ ^ , ^ '=' . *'.,., Intellectual causes of the war were discussed by the mdustrial campaigning people as it progressed, in their public meetings, in village groups, and in their local newspapers in remote regions, was very considerably the result of this wise and lavish propagandism, at the right moment and in the right way. Measured alongside the victories of battle-fields, this quiet conquest of wavering or hostile 103 The Union League of Philadelphia sentiment at the critical time is now seen to be one of the crowning feats of a great campaign on its intel- lectual side. The creation of sound public opinion and the neutralizing of vicious or latent sedition at such a crisis is a triumph of statesmanship. The Union League men were makers of loyalty. They lived in touch with the people. No barometer is more sensi- tive to atmospheric changes than they were to fluctua- tions of allegiance, or in the tone- of conversation. They had a laboratory of diverse remedies and pre- ventives adapted to each phase of the malady it was their mission to exterminate. The service thus ren- dered the nation may not have seemed a heroic one at the time, and perhaps the completeness of its success has somewhat dwarfed its magnitude in the eyes of a later generation. All the more is it the duty of pos- terity to review in appreciative retrospect the manceu- vers and hard- won victories of the early Union League militant in the literary field. It keenly realized from the first that, while the main Publication battle must be waged with the sword, the grander victory would be shared by the pen. At least its vig- orous use would tend to narrow the field of conflict. It could allay much ignoble passion, and clear the issues before the excited masses. The people were still open to be reasoned with upon the claims of national duty. Responsibility would lie with those who scorned loyal counsel and the appeals of saga- • cious leaders who foresaw the end from the beginning. As early as February 17, 1863, when the Union League was but a few weeks old, its Directors appointed a com- 104 The Board of J. GiLLINGHAM FELL The Union League Literary Work mittee of three, provisionally, to print and distribute useful information. The fund for this missionary work was to be gathered from members of the Union League in their private capacity. The three first chosen were Benjamin Gerhard, William H. Ashhurst, and Joseph B. Townsend. Other names were soon added, until the full complement of the " Board of Publication " con- sisted of the following twenty-seven members : Chair- man, Benjamin Gerhard ; Treasurer, James L. Clag- Members of horn; Secretary, M. H. Messchert; Messrs. William the Board H. Ashhurst, Alex. Brown, Stephen Colwell, Geo. M. Conarroe, J. Gillingham Fell, John W. Field, John W. Forney, J. Walker Jackson, Daniel Dougherty, Stephen Morris, Benj. P. Hunt, Bloomfield H. Moore, James W. Paul, Geo. D. Parrish, Samuel C. Perkins, Evan Randolph, W. Henry Rawle, Lindley Smyth, Jos. B. Townsend, George Trott, Wm. M. Tilghman, Thomas Webster, Andrew Wheeler, Ellis Yarnall. There were subsequently added to the number Henry Lewis, N. B. Browne, Henry C. Lea, and C. Izard Maceuen, the latter becoming Assistant Secretary. These gentlemen starting the headed the subscription by each giving two hundred fund and fifty dollars, the minimum they had fixed, and with other voluntary contributions a fund was soon raised of thirty-five thousand dollars, the income of which was at first intended to be spent on publications. So vig- orously was the work pushed that it was soon decided to use the entire amount and gather more to extend the movement. Three committees were appointed, one on Finance, under Lindley Smyth, one on Publi- cation, under Stephen Colwell, and one on Distribu- The Union League of Philadelphia Pamphlets by the million tion, under William H. Ashhurst. The first meeting of the gentlemen composing the Board was held Feb- ruary 26, 1863, and at the meeting of April 2, 1863, the title of "Board of Publication" was formally adopted. Mr. Maceuen was appointed Assistant Sec- retary June 26, 1863. On June 18, 1864, Mr. Gerhard, the Chairman, died. On December 6, 1864, the original Board resigned, and on February 15, 1865, a new " Board of Publication " was organized, with the following thirteen members : Lindley Smyth, Chair- man ; Stephen Colwell, James L. Claghorn, Benjamin P. Hunt, Bloomfield H. Moore, N. B. Browne, Henry C. Lea, Samuel C. Perkins, John W. Field, William M. Tilghman, George M. Conarroe, Saunders Lewis, and Samuel S. White. To these were subsequently added, to fill vacancies, Henry C. Townsend, Cadwal- ader Biddle, and John P. Verree. The final meeting of the Board was held December 30, 1868, when its work as a "War Publication Board" ended, and its affairs were wound up. The distribution of the literary matter of the Board was made from a room in the Union League house by a force of twelve employees, who were kept busy dur- ing the first two years of the work. The output was remarkable in many respects. First, as to bulk : In the ten months from the formation of the Board until the end of 1863 there were issued over a million pamphlets, in English and some in German. In 1864 the total of publications rose to 1,044,900. In 1865 and 1866, though the war had ended, the respective totals were 56,380 and 867,000. In 1867 the issue was 106 The Union League Literary Work 31,906. The momentous year 1868 was signalized by the distribution of 1,416,906 pubHcations. Nearly four and a half millions were issued in less than eight years ! Second, as to variety of subject ; third, as to literary Enormous quality and diversity of style, justice can not be done [^^'^ to these pamphlets in this cursory chapter. The reader is referred to the pages wherein an effort is made to convey an adequate idea of the brilliant pen- work in the five goodly volumes into which the pamphlets are bound. The noble library of the Union League has many priceless books on its shelves ; it is doubtful if among its rarest treasures it possesses one more precious to the lover of his country and its most historic city than this kaleido- scopic exhibit of the founders' vigorous and versatile fighting literature as they sent it thundering through the land in those doubtful days. Besides its own pub- lications, the Union League Board sent broadcast at its own expense many of the issues of other agencies, such as the Loyal Publication Society, formed in New York at the same time. No account has been preserved of the total amount expended in this work, which was obviously enormous. Loyal newspapers were sub- scribed for to be sent to doubtful voters, and in similar ways the Board did extensive but unrecorded work. The results to the Union cause of these Herculean labors are beyond our ken, but we catch an echo of the trumpet-blast that thrilled the spirit of those patriot missioners in this, from a pamphlet of war-songs dis- tributed by the Union League. It is by William CuUen Bryant : 107 The Union League of Philadelphia " O Country, marvel of the earth ! O realm to sudden greatness grown ! A song of The age that gloried in thy birth, ^''^*°'^y Shall it behold thee overthrown ? Shall traitors lay that greatness low ? No, land of Hope and Blessing, No ! " And we who wear thy glorious name. Shall we, like cravens, stand apart, When those whom thou hast trusted aim The death-blow at thy generous heart ? Forth goes the battle-cry, and lo ! Hosts rise in harness, shouting, No ! " And they who founded, in our land. The power that rules from sea to sea. Bled they in vain, or vainly planned. To leave their country great and free ? Their sleeping ashes, from below Send up the thrilling murmur. No ! ' ' For now, below the arm that gave The victory in our Fathers' day. Strong, as of old, to guard and save — That mighty arm which none can stay — On clouds above and fields below Writes, in men's sight, the answer. No ! " Philan- Judging the Union League by its own account of it- thropic work self in its official records and public manifestoes, it might be mistaken for a combative host, with no other purpose than to organize and conquer. This it was and is, and is likely long to be, but it has from the first been far io8 K HxtELithtg.^pktr 1 Pr,/.(»i- ,W ITaitut .''' / j( iitfi ofVSodL 3n Vajjvjl S^ r)ul Old Engravings of Volunteer Refreshment Saloon AND Hospital, 1864 The Union League Philanthropic Work line more. A fine vein of golden sympathy has underlain its aggressive activities. Without any parade of its kindly interest In the humbler offices of undistin- guished servitors who did their best duty in the cause of the Union or of the Union League, it has all along displayed the spirit of comprehensive charity. There is a constant recurrence of almost parenthetical allu- sions in its records to gracious acts done by the way- side, not always in the Union League's name, but always with its cordial sympathy and frequently at its prompt- ing. It has been seen how much was done in various directions by members in furtherance of the Union League's objects, but on independent lines. There were some objects upon which opinion was not unani- mous, at least as to immediate action. The negro ques- The color tion was one of these. Each step taken toward the larger emancipation of the colored man had to be fought against opposition that had to be respected. He was reluctantly permitted the privilege of fighting in his country's service. When that honor, if not a right, was conceded, it was considered a risky act to allow the nation's uniformed defenders to exhibit themselves to the populace, who were relying on these troops for protection. The friends of the negro had to navi- gate their philanthropic craft through troubled waters. Many excellent Unionists drew none but the color line in their program of good works. The "radicals " accepted the conditions in true fraternal spirit, and for the sake of the greater they cheerfully subordinated the lesser gratification of unanimity on all points. On the vital ones they were In hearty accord. 109 The Union League of Philadelphia An example appears in the outside efforts made by Union League members to raise the social status of the negro. Camp William Penn was eight miles from the city. The colored troops there in training were largely deprived of the pleasure of being visited by their friends by reason of the exclusion of colored persons from the cars. The ban was illogical in the circumstances and peculiarly harsh in its operation. The advanced reformers lost no time in utilizing the grievance for a larger end. Mr. Abraham Barker decided to signalize New Year's day of 1865 by start- crusade ^"2 ^ crusade in the interest of the colored people, who were excluded from the passenger cars. He set about it with marked diplomatic sagacity, drawing up a requisition for a public meeting, to which he pro- cured, first, the signatures of all the leading Friends and others, including Horace Binney, Charles Gib- bons, John Ashhurst, George H. Boker, Henry C. Carey, B. B. Comegys, B. Harris Brewster, Charles Gilpin, WiUiam Welsh, Jay Cooke, and several other promi- nent citizens. He next went to the Protestant Epis- copal and other clergy and obtained the names of Bishop William B. Stevens ; Dr. Alonzo Potter, after- ward Bishop of New York ; PhilHps Brooks, afterward Bishop of Massachusetts ; T. De Witt Talmage, and others. The meeting was held, with M. W. Baldwin as chairman, and Cadwalader Biddle, J. M. McKim, and others were secretaries. A more influential manifesto was never issued upon a question so delicate at so stormy a time. Its success was complete. The public conveyances were thrown The Union League Philaiithropic Work open to the negro, and a great stride was effected toward their actual emancipation. The moral influence of this humanizing act of fraternal sympathy can hardly be overestimated in contributing to the spread of a better understanding between the races. Abraham Barker and Ellis Yarnall, at that time Recording Secre- tary of the Freedmen's Relief Association, are among the little band of survivors who have the felicity of looking back on their work in this direction with unal- loyed satisfaction. Mr. Barker tells a story which Bounty- throws a humorous side-light on the working of the giving essentially philanthropic movement for recruiting and caring for negro soldiers. The Supervising Committee, of which Mr. Barker was a member, was credited by the Hon. Henry Winter Davis with being the cause of emancipation in Maryland. The Committee asked Secretary Stanton's permission to recruit in that State with a brass band, which he granted. Before this the Maryland Legislature had offered $300 compensation for each liberated slave, which the owners refused. When the Union League's musical missionaries went on their recruiting expedition, the plantations began to empty so rapidly that the slave-owners started as quick a rush to get their $300 grant per head from the Leg- islature before it was too late. If charity begins at home, it sometimes overflows into unforeseen pockets. From the number of curious receipts filed among the Union League papers it is clear that its military enthusiasm shed showers of dollared blessings upon the wandering minstrels of the day. The prejudice against association with negroes The Union League of Philadelphia showed itself in many ways and with growing inten- sity. The anonymous letter was a favorite weapon. One of these has been preserved. It was sent to Mr. Boker, as secretary, protesting against colored women and men being admitted to the Union League meetings held in Concert Hall. The writer, who disguised his hand and style, assures the secretary that if the custom is not stopped it will injure the Union League. The letter is sig-ned "A Good Union and Lincoln Man." It bears Mr. Boker's indorsement — "A sneak afraid to sign his name." In the teeth of this manifold opposition Mr. Barker and his associates persevered in holding meetings in favor of generous treatment of the colored people in public gatherings. Employment Another practical act of beneficence is indicated in for veterans ^^^ following report : Philadelphia, May 14, 1863. " Directors of the Union League. " Gentlemen: At a meeting of the Committee appointed to procure employment for disabled soldiers and seamen honorably retired from service by reason of disabilities incurred in the dis- charge of their duty, "Resolved, That the Directors of the Union League of Phila- delphia be respectfully requested to advertise or communicate with other Union Leagues or similar associations throughout the coun- try, recommending the establishment of organizations such as the present, in order that manufacturers, farmers, and others may be' able to report opportunities for the employment of deserving men, and that such disabled soldiers and seamen honorably discharged from service may be offered facilities to obtain employment suited to their capacities. r FOR PRESIDENT, ABRAHAM LINCOLN FOR VICE PRESIDENT, ANDREW JOHNSON I^BE CAREFUL AND EXAMINE YOUR TICKETS. MORTON McMlCHAEL, TH0M4S CUNNINGHAE ROBERT P. KING, G. MORRISON COATES. HENRT BDMM. WILLIAM H. KERN, BARTON E JENKS, CHARLES M, RUNK. ROBERT PABKE, WILLIAM TAILOR, JOHN A HESTAND, RICHARD H, CORYELL, EDWARD HALILAY. CHARLES F. READ, ELIAS W. HALE, CHARLES H SHRINEH. JOHN WISTER. DAVID MCONADGHY, DAVID W. WOODS, ISAAC BENSON. JOHN PATTON SAMUEL B. DICK EVERARD BEREfl, JOHN ?. PENNEY, EBENEZER MJDNKIN, JOHN W. BLANCHABD bins L BBird. 1 rv. 007, >iiii>i>M ■«lr(<-i. Phi In drill In War Poster Issued by Board of Publication 1864 Tlie Union League Political Work "I am no adherent of Lincoln," said he; "I opposed his election to the last. I would scorn to ask a favor of him, and would not accept one if offered. I feel no partizan interest in the Dougherty success of his Administration. It has done many acts of which I °" partizan do not approve, more, however, of omission than of commission, but I deem it a duty, a holy duty, to take part in no organized opposition, but to do all I can to counsel, assist, and sustain the constituted authorities of my country in this war on this hideous and hell-born rebellion." The Union League's first grand venture into the Nomination political field was the nomination of President Lincoln of Lincoln for a second term. A special meeting was held on for f^-e'ection January 1 1, 1864. Vice-President Borie presided, and a series of resolutions was moved by Morton Mc- Michael, seconded by William D. Lewis, and unani- mously carried. The preamble, after paying high tri- bute to President Lincoln's "skill, courage, fidelity, and integrity in a period of unparalleled trial," pro- ceeds to a declaration of the Union League's non- partizan stand, in these terms : " And Whereas, The Union League of Philadelphia, com- posed as it is of those who, having formerly belonged to various parties, in this juncture recognize no party but their country ; and, representing as it does, all the industrial, mechanical, manufac- turing, commercial, financial, and professional interests of the city, is especially qualified to give in this behalf an unbiased and authentic utterance to the public sentiment, therefore," etc. Having placed itself on this conspicuous pedestal of principle, challenging and defying hostile party criti- cism, the Union League by its resolutions then ad- opted declared its faith in President Lincoln and his 117 The Union League of Philadelphia Holding Union meetings Tlie Union League's address on Lincoln policy, and recognizing "with pleasure the unmistaka- ble indications of the popular will in all the loyal States, we heartily join with our fellow-citizens, with- out any distinction of party, here and elsewhere, in presenting him as the people's candidate for the Presi- dency at the approaching election." A committee of seventy-six was appointed to carry out the purpose of the resolutions. They were sent to the President without delay, and their publication in the newspapers had a direct influence in shaping the campaign. General McCIellan was the Democratic candidate — a strong one at the time. The war of argument and appeal was waged fiercely enough. We have seen the enormous share borne by the Union League's Board of Publication. Besides the pamph- lets it issued, as already indicated and hereafter to be described, it also started a campaign newspaper. The Union League Gazette, of which five hundred and sixty thousand copies were distributed in six weeks during the heat of the fight. There were subcom- mittees on public meetings, on other methods of in- fluencing opinion, and the Union League's platforms were graced with the leading orators from all the States. It published a stirring "Address to the Citizens of Pennsylvania in Favor of the Reelection of Abraham Lincoln." This bears the signatures of the Committee of Seventy-six, and was evidently written by him whose name heads the list, Morton McMichael. In twenty- eight pages of masterly statement this manifesto sets clearly forth the humane and lofty purpose animating the Union League in battling against sedition : The Union League Political Work Subdue the Rebellion: re- "We must subdue the rebellion, conquer and disperse its armies, and force it to lay down its arms, not in submission to us, but to the majesty of the law, to the just authority of our Govern- ment. We must also convert the Southern people into friends and contented fellow-citizens. We do not desire them as subjects, as g^Q,.g ^-j^g disaffected and conquered enemies, as a Venetia or Poland, danger- Union ous alike in peace or war, and a contradiction to every principle of republican government. We desire to bring them back to us to share our rights, to participate in the blessings of a restored Union, and to help us to build up again, higher and more glorious than ever, the edifice of our country's greatness. " Lincoln's career is traced with graphic and skilful art, culminating in a striking summary of his strong characteristics as a man and a statesman, which for its eloquence and analytic force must be preserved here as a fitting type of the Union League's proud record of patriotic service in the field of high politics. " As we have already said. Executive power is necessarily promi- nent and active in periods of civil strife and public danger ; and what else but the thoughtful mind and strong will which have wielded that power for the last three years has developed the re- sources of the nation and directed the energies of the people? Lincoln's Less conspicuous, but as important, has been the direct influence character of Mr. Lincoln's peculiar character on the course of events. The prudence that sought attainable objects only and by adequate means ; the tact that felt the pulse of popular sentiment and saw the tendencies of opinion, so as to move neither too fast nor too slow, and apparently to follow, yet really to lead ; the firmness that could resist pressure, whether from friends or foes ; the mod- eration that could yield to either when expedient, if concession compromised no principle ; the steadfast adherence to conviction when once attained ; the patience that could wait for slow but sure results; the large, sound common sense that sees things as they 119 The Union League of Philadelphia really are and the laws that rule them ; the catholic nationality, that knows neither fear, favor, nor affection for any party or any man ; the profound sense of duty and responsibility to the present and to the future, to the South as well as to the North ; integrity that inspires confidence ; good temper that disarms animosity ; a loving nature and genuine heart-goodness that win affection ; these are the qualities that have achieved the greatest victories of this war. They have been spiritual and moral victories over the wild excesses of fanaticism, the rooted hatred of caste, the venomous resentment of party spirit, and the reckless violence of popular passion. The virtues and talents we have described conquer wher- ever they appear, because men pay them willing and spontaneous homage. They have gained for Mr. Lincoln the confidence of the people as no man in America, save Washington, ever gained it before. "Who, then, is so fit to lead us into the uncertain future, to Lincoln's cope with its difficulties, to solve its problems, to front its dangers, ea ersnp ^^ ^^ ,^^^ ^-^^ -^^^ ^^^ been tried and not found wanting? Who has such experience of the past, who knows the currents of opinion, the characters of leading men, the strength or the weakness of our cause, so well as he who has studied them from the first, and with larger means of knowledge than any one else can command ? What new man can enter his place with the information he possesses ? What inexperienced hand can finish the work he has so successfully begun ? And who else is so trusted by the people ? Bold and rash and ignorant indeed would he be who should ven- ture on such a task. Weak and foolish and unfit to use the ballot- box would a people be who should prefer the untried to the proven ; who, before the storm is over, should discharge the pilot that knows the ship and had carried her safely through the worst of it." CHAPTER VIII THE UNION LEAGUE'S THIRD. YEAR END OF THE WAR ; ASSASSINATION OF PRESIDENT LINCOLN A fateful year was 1865 for a people torn by pas- sion and weary of indecisive war ! At its threshold the shadow of coming collapse was fast deepening over the Southern heart. The year opened with promise of returning peace ; how soon was not foreseen by either the soldiers or the statesmen of the resolute North. The last word of the Union League at the close of 1864 had been a word of good hope, clouded though the vista was. Its report reflects the troubled emotions of the time, steadied by manly fortitude to face the worst with the best heart. " [The enemy's] overthrow is merely a question of time, and prediction of as that time is measured only by God's will and wisdom, let us victory abide it in prayerful patience and serene confidence The ultimate logic of our bayonets will be irresistible and conclu- sive. ... At some time, and on terms of universal freedom, a restoration of the union of our country is certain." The new year, 1865, brought the first-fruits of this augury's fulfilment. The rebel surrender suddenly came. Hope flashed into grateful jubilance at the ending of fratricidal strife, but the dread echoes of the battle-field had hardly died away before the pistol-shot The Union League of Philadelphia that laid Lincoln low turned the spirit of good-will into an outburst of natural rage. From gladdening con- fidence to magnanimous friendliness, and then to bitter distrust, the transitions were swift. The traces of the shock the Union League endured with the nation are palpable in its report for this momentous year, 1865. Its fulfilment " The Rebellion is no more. It died hard ; it died justly ; it died, as all good men desired that it should, by the edge of the sword. It is now a profound satisfaction to this nation that peace was secured by no terms or compromise with traitors, by no yield- ing of a single principle of policy or of conscience involved in the contest." The report proceeds to urge the utmost vigilance in watching any "subtle encroachments of our political opponents, so that no retrograde measures may imperil a future over which we have won supreme influence at great cost. . . . [The Union League must not] resign itself to a fatal torpor and permit the fruits of all our exertions to slip from our grasp. ' ' The negro ^^^ "^ recur to what has been shown of President crux Lincoln's and the Union League's poHcy in arming the negroes and paving the way for reconciliation after conquest. The address issued by the Union League, heretofore quoted, proves the substantial indorsement of the President's cautious progress toward the avowal of radical principles and measures. Not a few of the worthiest members of the Union League hesitated to join in its military movement. Some did not disguise their hostility to the idea. The bolder majority were not deterred by this opposition from acting as they did in furnishing colored troops, as frankly on the ground of good national policy as from military mo- tives. Their course was justified by the event. The The Union Leagu-e's Third Year negro proved an important factor in saving the Union. Now, when the great President was sacrificed to the bUnd and impotent fury of revenge, it was grateful to the Union League to review its corporate action, so perfectly in accord with Lincoln's far-sighted con- ception of the higher patriotism. This conception was never better elucidated than in the letter penned by Lincoln one year before his death, for the benefit of three Southern gentlemen, who had requested him to put into writing the substance of what he had addressed to them conversationally. The letter is, in truth, a remarkable exposition of true statecraft, which by right of inherent greatness may stand as the charter of the Union League's triumphant policy. "Executive Mansion, Washington, April 4, 1864. "A. G. Hodges, Esq., Frankfort, Kentucky. "My Dear Sir ■ You ask me to put in writing the substance of what I verbally said the other day, in your presence, to Gov- ernor Bramlette and Senator Dixon. It was about as follows : " ' I am naturally anti-slavery. If slavery is not wrong, noth- ing is wrong. I can not remember when I did not so think and feel. And yet I have never understood that the Presidency con- fered upon me an unrestricted right to act officially upon this judg- ment and feeling. It was in the oath I took, that I would to the best of my ability preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution of the United States. I could not take the office without taking the oath. Nor was it my view that I might take an oath to get power, and break the oath in using the power. I understood, too, that in ordinary civil administration this oath even forbade me to practically indulge in primary, abstract judgment on the moral question of slavery. I had publicly declared this many times, and in many ways. And I aver that, to this day, I have done no Lincoln's statecraft The Union League of Philadelplda official act in mere deference to my abstract judgment and feeling on slavery. " 'I did understand, however, that my oath to preserve the Constitution to the best of my ability imposed upon me the duty of preserving, by every indispensable means, that government, that nation, of which that Constitution was the organic law. Was it possible to lose the nation and yet preserve the Constitution ? " ' By general law, life and limb must be protected ; yet often a limb must be amputated to save a life ; but a life is never wisely given to save a limb. I felt that measures otherwise unconstitu- tional might become lawful by becoming indispensable to the preservation of the Constitution, through the preservation of the nation. Right or wrong, I assumed this ground, and now avow it. I could not feel that to the best of my ability I had even tried to preserve the Constitution if, to save slavery, or any minor matter, I should permit the wreck of government, country, and Constitution altogether. When, early in the war. General Fremont attempted military emancipation, I forbade it, because I did not then think it emancipation an indispensable necessity. When, a little later. General Cameron, then Secretary of War, suggested the arming of the blacks, I objected ; because I did not yet think it an indispensable necessity. When, still later, General Hunter attempted military emancipation, I again forbade it ; because I did not yet think the indispensable necessity had come. " ' When, in March, and May, and July, 1862, I made earnest and successive appeals to the border States to favor compensated emancipation, I believed the indispensable necessity for military emancipation, and arming the blacks, would come, unless averted by that measure. They declined the proposition ; and I was, in my best judgment, driven to the alternative of either surrendering the Union, and with it the Constitution, or of laying strong hand upon the colored element. I chose the latter. In choosing it I hoped for greater gain than loss ; but of this I was not entirely confident. More than a year of trial now shows no loss by it in our foreign relations ; none in our home popular sentiment ; none in our white military force — no loss by it anyhow or anywhere. Lincoln's gradual movement toward 124 ^fe. is/. /^£^f a/^^f^ ^ ^^ /f^t^l ytt~c. c^t^^^i^-i^ ^^D^ /u CL^ yL^ ^^W^?^^ /C ■^^< ^CA-^^^:-^ ^ -^ ,/X:-^^^ 9 ' ^z/iSi^ /o /j^r^ ^/'^hJ'yA.. r^>n^Y^^"^'^^^<^^^^^^ •/■'——-''/^'^^•^ T r /^ '7. /^," BaldthooldmaD, (pointing thoattcntloa of Ms boys Co tbebaadle of sticks,) "joa area matoli tor&ll your CDcmiea ; bat sspAKAXs, and 70a are umdohh," PLAIN WORDS TO PLAIN PEOPLE PLAIN MAN. PHIIiAIXELPHIA: FEINTED FOR GRATUITOUS DISTRIBUTION. 1863. Title Page of War Pamphlet Issued by Board of Publication Echoes from the Field Influence is not government. Let us have a government by which our lives, liberties, and properties will be secured, or let us know the worst at once. There is call for decision. Know precisely at what the insurgents aim. If they have real grievances redress them, Decision de- if possible. ... If they have not, employ the force of the "^^nded government against them at once. Let the reins of government, then, be braced and held with a steady hand, and every violation of the Constitution be reprehended. If it be defective, let it be amended ; but not suffered to be trampled upon whilst it has exist- ence.' Such words smack of good sense, sound logic, and true patriotism. Let them have their proper weight in these times." Platform eloquence was powerful in the early war- time. There were great speakers and a few great speeches, but they are not to be quoted here. The extraordinary outburst of patriotic passion of which a "The Loyal- specimen is now given is selected as an unique illustra- '^. .* mmu- tion of the overpowering rush of emotion which some- times, though rarely, seems to find magnetic expres- sion as by miracle. It is remarkable for a first effort at impromptu speaking, and was wisely reprinted as part of the fifth pamphlet, entitled " The Loyalist's Ammunition." The Springfield (Illinois) correspondent of the Chicago Tribune, under date of February 14, 1863, writes as follows : "A great sensation was created by a speech by Mr. Funk, one of the richest farmers in the State, a man who pays over three thousand dollars per annum taxes toward the support of the Govern- ment. The lobby and gallery were crowded with spectators. Mr. Funk rose to object to trifling resolutions, which had been intro- 13s The Union League of Philadelphia speech duced by the Democrats to kill time and stave off a vote upon the appropriations for the support of the State government. He said : A lusty '< ' Mr. Speaker : I can sit in my seat no longer and see such maiden- by-play going on. These men are trifling with the best interests of the country. They should have asses' ears to set off their heads, or they are traitors and secessionists at heart. " ' I say that there are traitors and secessionists at heart in this senate. Their actions prove it. Their speeches prove it. Their gibes and laughter and cheers here nightly, when their speakers get up to denounce the war and the Administration, prove it. " ' I can sit here no longer and not tell these traitors what I think of them. And while telling them, I am responsible myself for what I say. I stand upon my own bottom. I am ready to meet any man on this floor in any manner, from a pin's point to the mouth of a cannon, upon this charge against these traitors. [Tremendous applause from the galleries.] I am an old man — sixty-five. I came to Illinois a poor boy. I have made a little something for myself and family. I pay three thousand dollars a year in taxes. I am willing to pay six thousand, aye, twelve thou- sand [great cheering, the old gentleman striking the desk with a blow that would knock down a bullock, and causing the inkstand to fly in the air] ; aye, I am willing to pay my whole fortune, and then give my life to save my country from these traitors that are seeking to destroy it. [Tremendous applause, which the Speaker could not control.] " ' Mr. Speaker, you must excuse me. I could not sit longer in my seat and calmly listen to these traitors. My heart, that feels for my poor country, would not let me. My heart, that cries out for the lives of our brave volunteers in the field, that these traitors at home are destroying by thousands, would not let me. My heart, that bleeds for the widows and orphans at home, would not let me. Yes, these traitors and villains in this senate [striking his clenched fist on the desk with a blow that made the senate ring again] are killing my neighbors' boys now fighting in the field. I dare to say this to these traitors right here, and I am responsible for what I say to any one or all of them. [Cheers.] Let them 136 m <^ er been duly examined and Nvrorn in open Court in presflice of some oTthe JnAges (kcreol according (o I lie Actor Congress. "The persons using such certificates, and voting, or attempting to vote thereon, render themselves liable to be pnnished to the utmost limit of the law. " Takinfi therefore iut» rougiaerattou the original ttlvgal character oftbeme certificalea, with the cireunutancei) of fraud »o inseparablff connected irith them, I can only come to one conclu- xion, thai the WHOLE ISSUE IS ILLEGAL! C'OJrfti^ar lo the ,tCT OP COJi'GHESUa, COJItTM^Br to the.tCT OF JlSSEMBt,\\ mn* SHOULD BE BEJECTED at the POLU! Facsimile of Poster Issued 1868 President Johnson and General Grant national conscience in confessed weakness, and asked for nothing but the American's birthright, life and liberty — we were providing this race with the means of self-protection and self-support." Coming to the local campaign, the report questions the honesty of the returns. Apathy may have lost the election, " by a majority so small that we blush to re- flect how complete might have been our triumph " if Unionists had kept up their enthusiasm. But fraud had contributed its share to the defeat. " If the gross frauds, which are now being investigated by the Courts, shall be brought home to our adversaries, it may even yet appear that we carried the State by a clear legal majority." More will be heard of this in the next report. The State of Pennsylvania had not faltered, however, in its allegiance to the Union Party. In June a committee of the Philadelphia Union Union League was invited to New York by the Union League work League of that city " for the purpose of devising such measures as would lead to active co-operation amongst the Union Leagues throughout the country." A visit to Richmond was made by a joint committee of the organizations named, and of the Reconstruction Com- mittee of Boston, on the invitation of eminent citizens of Virginia, who strongly desired the support of these forces. If local harmony was not immediately restored to the Republican Party in Virginia, excellent work was done by the friendly mission. A sum of fiioo was presented to the Union Prize essays League by William Sellers, to be expended in prizes for essays on the best mode of making nominations to 173 The Union League of Philadelphia office. The resolution of the Directors phrased it, " on the legal organization of the people to select can- didates for office." The four successful essays for which prizes were awarded the next year, however, led to no practical results. The house was put in good repair — remodeled, in fact — at a cost of ^20,940, toward which the insurance companies contributed ^20,520. In addition to the re- pairs, the new plans, material, and heating apparatus necessitated an outlay of ^14,960. Two properties were bought on Sansom and Moravian Streets and converted to Union League uses on advantageous terms, enabling the Directors to decrease the tax for the ensuing year. The membership had fallen slightly, being eighteen hundred and five on December ist. The income of the Union League was ^68,211, and disbursements ^80,009, with no outstanding bills, de- spite the heavy drain during the rebuilding. A brilliant reception was given to General P. H. Sheridan in September, which was shared by General Sickles. The report concludes thus : The Union League first to nom- inate Grant for President "A time is close at hand when the test will again be applied to our patriotism, and when we shall know whether or not our State has been in reality lost to the Union Party. That test will be the coming Presidential campaign, toward which we should even now turn with an interest equal to the vast issues that will be in- volved in the result. The excitement, the distrust, the insecurity that pervades the whole social and political system of our country — a condition of things daily increased by the weak, bad man in the Presidential Chair and his intriguing advisers — should be 174 President Johnson and General Grant Grant's qualifications allayed by some permanent reorganization of the Southern States, and some intelligent administration of our national finances. The health ot the country demands repose, under a wise fostering system that will at once increase domestic industry and shut out foreign competition. Who doubts that with our time-honored principles, sanctified, as they have been, by the blood of our people — again and again approved, as they have been, in the seclusion of the moralist's study, amidst the jar and passion of general elections, and by the calmer philosophical verdict of our watchful friends abroad — who doubts that we shall once more issue triumphantly from the contest? In that trust we shall continue, following as perhaps we may to new victories the leader chosen by our martyred General President — the champion of our faith in the embattled field — the administrator of our policy whether at the head of the army or in an unfriendly and suspicious Cabinet — the sagacious citizen who is too discreet to waste time in superfluous words, or to woo popularity with idle protestations — the magnanimous comrade, who can be eloquent in behalf of his companions in arms, but is silent for himself either to flattery or detraction — the conqueror in a hundred battle-fields, the proportions of which stagger the belief of foreign military critics — the persevering commander, who struggled with rebellion until it lay lifeless at his feet, and who with his own hand gave us victory and peace together — the illustrious chief whose whole grand history has been one undoubted record of his fidelity to our cause and of his willingness to suffer or to die for it — the beloved, the trusted, the single-hearted, the faithful Grant ! " After the Secretary had read his report Charles Gibbons introduced, and the annual meeting enthusi- astically adopted, a resolution nominating General Grant as the Presidential candidate of the Republican Party. The Union League of Philadelphia thus led the country as the first organization to formally name General Grant, the victor of the next two Presidential campaigns. 175 The Union League of Philadelphia Congratulation is the key-note of the report of 1868. Sixth annual "The greater objects of our association have all been accom- report, 1868 plished. The military power of the rebellion has shown no sign of life. . . . Slavery has been totally abolished. The Union has been thoroughly restored, and its power has been shown over every part of the South, not only by the readmission of those States which have wisely accepted the Reconstruction Laws, but by the stern hand with which it holds aloof those conquered territories that reject these mild enactments. ' ' Grant as President- elect visits the League House The quick and quiet reabsorption of our vast army into the ranks of citizen-Hfe has been the wonder of Europe. The Union League congratulates itself on being the first organization to nominate General Grant for the office to which he had just been elected by an overwhelming majority. " We adhered to him with fidelity when the claims of other candidates of worth were pressed upon our consideration. We sustained his canvass with unabated zeal, and with all the force of our various resources, until his complete victory was assured." General Grant, as President-elect, paid a visit to the Union League House shortly after the elec- tion. Though stricriy a private reception, the enthu- siasm was great, and the distinguished guest " again and again acknowledged the services which the League had done him." The Hon. Edwin M. Stanton, President Lincoln's great War Secretary, was the guest of the Union League earlier in the year. 176 o I I o en s CO President Johnson and General Grant " He came among us suffering from his gigantic labors, a liv- ing testimony of the prodigious history through which he had lived. . . . It is no breach of propriety now to say that Secretary amidst the severe distractions of his duties, when the war was at its Stanton and height, Mr. Stanton watched the movements of our association , ^ " °" ■ 1 r 1 • League with careful interest, that any suggestion from the officers of the League was listened to with profound respect, and that he, without question, used the whole power of his office to carry out our patriotic plans." The city was lost to the Union Republican Party in October, the report says mainly by a "system of frauds hitherto unapproached in the political history of our State." The Union League set itself the more determinedly to the task of rooting up political corrup- tion, the first step being to get the Legislature to pass a Registry Law that shall punish fraud by severe penalties. Since the date of the last report the Union League's Campaign Board of PubHcation distributed 1,416,906 printed literature documents. An appropriation of ^2000 was made for the purchase of books for the library. Financially, and in its political and social outlook, the Union League ended the year 1868 in peace and prosperity. 177 CHAPTER XI Seventh annual report, i86g Confidence in Grant PRESIDENT GRANT 1869-1876 General Grant had been inaugurated as President. The report for 1869 opens with a retrospect of the vague feeling of unrest that had pervaded the Union Republican Party, verging on doubt as to the disposi- tion or strength of the new Chief Magistrate to resist pressure from the opposite side. The Union League as a body kept its deep-rooted faith in President Grant's honor, and in December it was able to point to results justifying that confidence. "In addition to his fidelity to the principles of his party. General Grant's administration has displayed qualities which must commend it to the respect of all good citizens, whatever may be their political creeds. From the day of his advent into office, honesty, economy, impartiality, and wisdom have characterized every department of the Government. . . . Our countrymen are too clear-sighted not to have recognized the blessings which fol- lowed Andrew Johnson's departure from office. The sudden return to civil order in the South, the disbanding of the secret associations of midnight assassins, the increased security of our colored citizens in life and limb, as well as their improved social and industrial condition — the diminution of the public debt, the rise of the public credit, the prospect of a reduction of the burden of taxation, the confidence which ran, like good tidings, through the various in- terests of our vast industries ; and, above all, the calming of the 178 President Grant public pulse, heretofore fluttering with the excitements of a furious war, or full of the nervousness of a half-accomplished peace, to a tone that indicated an abatement of the universal fever, and a gradual return to our former healthy condition — these things plainly showed that a wise and temperate ruler was at the head of affairs, and that henceforth the people might rise up and lie down in peace — in that peace which our great leader longed for, and the prayer for which had been his only utterance, the only party-cry which he had given us throughout the canvass which preceded his elevation to office." The Union League appointed a committee to draft Union an act for the prevention of election frauds, which was League work promptly passed by the Pennsylvania Legislature. It ^^^ Registry was pronounced unconstitutional by Judge Sharswood, Law upheld but was carried up on appeal for the Union League by William M. Meredith and Charles Gibbons, and the appeal sustained, the eminent advocates being form- ally thanked by the Union League. A campaign com- mittee cooperated with the Republican Party commit- tees in the October election, which resulted in the success of the Republican candidates, led by Governor John W. Geary. Under President Johnson's rule there had been jhe prepared new designs for ten denominations of postage degraded r r _t> • r 1 ^- postage stamps, substitutmg representations oi a locomotive ^^^^^^ engine for the head of Washington, and a mounted postboy for the portrait of Jackson. The Union League made a prompt and forcible protest to the Postmaster- General. That it had its effect was shown by the speedy restoration of the portraits, and acknowledg- ments of the Union League's timely action. 179 The Union League of Philadelphia The Union League library In praise of Pennsyl- vania Secretary Boker's solicitude for the library was re- warded by the appropriation of ^2000 in 1868, and ^2500 in 1869 for the purchase of books. At the close of 1869 it contained about 2700 volumes, chiefly reference works and perfect sets of the English classics. Including $1380 expended during the year on news- papers and periodicals, the total library outlay was $4343- The report concludes with a tribute to the political position of Pennsylvania. " None know better than our astute adversaries that Pennsyl- vania is the key to the whole political position. Indeed, we fear that, on our side, the fact is not so fully recognized ; certainly it is not so sagaciously acted upon. It has almost passed into a proverb that ' as goes Pennsylvania, so goes the Union.' The reason for the saying is a clear one ; it is because with Pennsylvania go the sympathies, the interests, and the votes of her great sisters of the central belt of States, a belt which includes within it two-thirds of the wealth, the population, and the industry of the entire Union." Until the triumph of the Union Party the State had been a stronghold of Democracy, and when they lost Pennsylvania, they lost their citadel. ' ' Pennsylvania was the battle-ground of the Union Party, from the day the sword was drawn at Sumter, until it was sheathed at Appomattox ; and when blood had ceased to flow, and the same ideas which inspired the war came again into conflict at the ballot- box, this State continued to be the field upon which the fight was hottest, and here the contest rages most fiercely at the present hour. It is impossible to measure with words what Pennsylvania has suf- fered for her fidelity to the Union cause ; great as has been the recompense, which she has shared with her sister States. The lives Grand Staircase^Union League House President Grant of her people and her treasure she gave with the other States ; not in strict proportion to her population, but in overflowing measure. Her eleven regiments, the 'Reserve,' inspired confidence at Wash- ington, after the disaster at Bull Run, and by their presence prob- ably saved the capital, in checking Beauregard's intended advance. Upon her soil, with our forces commanded by one of her sons, and with the whole country deploring the fall of another, was fought the great turning battle of the war ; after which the foe never assumed the offensive. Before that battle, a fourth of the State had been ravaged by the invader. Our towns and homesteads had been sacked and given to the flames, our old men and children had been driven into the woods and the mountains, our women had suffered nameless horrors, and the eyes of the insolent foe had looked upon the very gates of our State capital. What other of the Northern States can point to such an historical array of afflictions in evidence of its fidelity to the Union cause ? Throughout the whole of these Pennsyl- dreary days our industries were at work for the common good. Our vania fidelity iron was being forged into the guns, the shot and shell, and the 'o the Union armor-plates of our vessels ; our mines were pouring out the coal that kept our fleet at sea, and alone enabled us to maintain a blockade upon which the result of the struggle depended, and every department of our vast manufacturing interest clanged and buzzed with the thousand operations that were necessary to supply the minor wants of our fleets and armies. Let any depredator of this grand old Commonwealth answer. Where would have been the United States in those days, unless they had contained among them the State of Pennsylvania ? ' ' Within a few days after the date of the last annual Eighth report the League was summoned to pay tribute to the ^"^""^^^ ^g^^ memory of Edwin M. Stanton, who died December 24, 1869. " His name," says the report of 1870, "has already passed into history as, certainly, the second 181 The Union League of Philadelphia name among the heroic civiHans whose labors were performed at the forfeit of their lives." The Union League had been instrumental in raising a testimonial fund of ^100,000 for the ex-Secretary at the close of the war, and President Grant had nominated him Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States four days before his death, the Senate immediately confirming the nomination. In February, 1870, the members deplored Death of President Horace Binney, Jr. "an event unprecedented in the annals of our institution — the death of a President. Horace Binney, Jr., followed a sudden and unexpected summons, in the prime of life and in the fullness of his mental vigor and usefulness. In him the country lost a ripe scholar, an unselfish patriot, and an example of moral worth and Christian virtue seldom combined in the character of a single man. His lifelong friend. Dr. Charles J. Stille, paid an eloquent tribute to the public and the private services of our late President before your assembled body, and this admirable memoir will serve as an enduring monument, to perpetuate the memory of a man who, for the good of humanity, can not be too long remembered. The relations of Horace Binney, Jr., to the League were intimate and valuable from the foundation of our institution, and through its whole stirring career, until, amidst general sorrow, he passed away from life, and relinquished the highest office which it could bestow upon his recognized claims to our favor. ' ' National affairs The outlook for the nation is described in the report of 1870 as reassuring on all sides. The country, wisely left to its own resources, " and scarcely feeling the hand which directs it, has gradually returned toward that condition of prosperity and material progress which was our boast before the war, and which, as all President Grant things indicate, will be our condition in the future. Before the end of the present session of Con- gress the last seceded State will be readmitted into the Union." A memorial meeting was held in April to honor the name of Major-General George H. Thomas, whose portrait had been added to the Union League's national gallery. In October a special meeting was held to further union the proposed call of a Convention to amend the Con- League work stitution of Pennsylvania. A brilliant reception was given in May to the fami- xhe Union lies of members, skilfully managed by a committee of League one hundred of the younger men. In view of the ^^^^.^ splendid exhibition of paintings given in the summer of 1899, it is interesting to note how early in its career the Union League began a movement so disinterested and beneficial in a non-political sphere. The report pledges the Union League to continue this noble work, saying : "The Art Reception just past gave evidence of how much the League may do for the cultivation of the elegant arts and for the credit and best interests of our beloved city. It is the intention of the Board of Directors to permit no opportunity to pass that may add to the renown of Philadelphia and spread her reputation among her sister cities. That shy modesty, so charming in the individual, becomes ridiculous in the community, when it is prac- tised at the cost of a just estimate of our merits by our neighbors. It therefore has been, and will be, the policy of the Board of Directors to advance the name and credit of Philadelphia wherever and whenever they may be properly exhibited to the world. The first series of Art Receptions will be followed by two others, at stated intervals ; and it should be a source of pride to our members 183 The Union League of Philadelphia if the subsequent Receptions draw together a similar assemblage of intelligent and cultivated men and women to that which honored our house with its presence on the first occasions. We return thanks to the distinguished artists who cooperated with your House Committee in producing the success of the recent Reception, an aid which they propose to continue in the same public-spirited The library was enriched by an expenditure of Union $1450 for books. The income of the Union League League f-Qj. jg^Q was ^io6,o6o, or, counting the surplus from thirty years ^he previous year, ^1 26,424. Its disbursements were ago ^99,854. Against the balance of $26,570 there was an outstanding indebtedness of $3601, a condition of affairs so favorable that the annual tax was fixed at $25. On the membership roll were 1746 names, of whom 154 were elected during the year. Ninth annual The Union League was able in 1871 to report report, 1871 « ^H's well " with the great Union Party ; and the principles which had gained its hold " upon the affec- tions of the people, and the long continuance of the power which has been delegated to us by popular Pre'^'d* t" wisdom." While no great question was before the Grant country, the report directed the public eye to coming events. ' ' We believe that the personal popularity of the President is equal to that of his party — greater even than when he returned to us covered with the glories of his victories, and asking no further reward from the people than that which his sword had won. It was 184 Grand Staircase— Union League House President Grant neither chance nor fortune that advanced Grant from the humble position in which the war found him to be General of the American Armies and President of the United States. For each honor that he received, he could show the deeds with which it was fairly pur- chased ; and if he stands now above the hope of greater recom- pense, it is not because we have ceased to receive fair deeds at his hands, or are the less his debtors. He has been tried, he has been found more than faithful, — zealous in his constancy, and apt to anticipate and to make practical our boldest designs. We can not better express our gratitude, nor do ourselves a greater public ser- vice, than by continuing him in his high office, so that it may be recorded in history that the Founder and the Preserver of the American Union received equal honors at the hands of their coun- trymen. ' ' The deaths of James H. Orne in November, and of Stephen Colwell in January, the latter an original member and president of the first meeting of the League, were deeply regretted by the Directors. Mr. Orne had wrought with exceptional ardor as Chairman of the Military Committee that put the fully equipped regiments in the field. The members Appointment bade farewell to Secretary George H. Boker at the Bokeras annual meeting, on his appointment by President Minister to the Court ' the Sultan Grant as Minister to Turkey. The following resolu- *^ *^°"^* °^ tions, offered by Lindley Smyth, were adopted unani- mously : " Whereas, The President of the United States has selected Mr. George H. Boker, the Secretary of this League, as the minister resident of the United States at the Court of the Sultan ; and Whereas, his fellow-members are desirous of recording, prior to his departure for that position, their appreciation of Mr. Boker, both as a citizen and an officer of this organization ; therefore be it i8s The Union League of Philadelphia ' ' Resolved, by the Union League of Philadelphia, in annual meeting assembled, That we see in the selection of Mr. Boker a just recognition of his eminent services as a patriot and his cultiva- tion as a gentleman, and express our gratification that our country should be represented by one so well qualified to protect her dig- nity and her interests. " Resolved, That we record our acknowledgments of the faith- ful devotion to the social and political advancement of this League which has marked his official conduct with it since he was elected Secretary at its first organization, and return our thanks to him for the success which has crowned his labors. "Resolved, That upon this, the eve of his departure for a foreign land, we convey to him the assurance of our friendship, and our earnest well-wishes for his prosperous voyage, pleasant sojourn, and safe return. ' ' Farewell An exceptionally brilliant reception was tendered reception to Secretary Boker, on the evening- of December 2 2d, Hon. George , , , • . , i- • • , 1 H. Boker to celebrate his appointment to the distinguished posi- tion of United States Minister to Turkey, and the occa- sion was commemorated in a printed volume, with his portrait, from which are taken the following selec- tions. The speakers were Morton McMichael; Wayne McVeagh and Edward Joy Morris, former Ministers to Turkey ; John W. Forney ; Bayard Taylor ; General George M. Robeson, Secretary of the Navy ; and General Simon Cameron, United States Senator from Pennsylvania. The guest of the evening was overwhelmed with the praises heaped upon him by all for his manifold and always brilliant services as a founder and the first Secretary of the Union League. This passage gives the gist of his modest response : 186 President Grant " I wish to say a few words regarding my connection with this Institution — the Union League. A great deal of credit has been given to me to-night for my personal relations with the League — for the work which I have done for it. After all, I have only represented you in all that I have done. I happen to have a sym- pathetic mind, and I understood the feeling and will of the League and the mind of the League — how it thought and felt — and having that instinct, I represented you in a way to be approved. It was not because I did it independently. I knew well the course I was taking was the course which I was desired to take. I was the mere exponent of the League. According to the best of my abilities, I have done my duty here, and it has been simply my duty. ' ' Senator Cameron's graphic sketch of the founding of the Union League is too valuable to be omitted from this chronicle. " Looking backward yet, I remember how this Union League p^ tribute to came into existence. In those days it was not considered ' genteel ' the men of to be a Republican. All who had a terror of social influence — of the Union society, as it is called — had found refuge in a party which had be- League come the champion of caste, and died in the base service of its master. When the war began between caste on the one hand and liberty on the other, a very considerable proportion of those who loved to call themselves 'genteel,' many gentlemen of fortune, old Federalists already in good society, and a myriad of snobs, who wanted to get into that circle, joined the Democratic Party. It had become a sort of social maxim, when Mr. Buchanan ran for the Presidency, that Democracy and aristocracy, by some occult influ- ence, had become one and the same thing. And it followed that an attempt was made to tramp out every one who refused to worship the image of slavery and ' Democracy.' "And yet, notwithstanding this, some gentlemen withstood these would-be masters sternly. George H. Boker, Lindley Smyth, and James H. Orne, and more formed of the same stuff", undertook to organize an opposition to this exclusive coterie, and began the 187 The Union League of Philadelphia combination of their forces. This Union League of Philadelphia, known all over the land, and in many foreign lands, is the result. Mr. Boker, — as I happen to know, — being handsome (for which he should not be held to too strict a responsibility) and young (he is getting bravely over that), and being also gifted with the powers of organizing, became its secretary, and soon became the master-spirit of the enterprise. I remember during the political campaign which ended in the second election of Mr. Lincoln — I had accepted the thankless place of Chairman of the Republican State Committee — it became necessary to invite the Union League to advance money to carry on the campaign. Invitations of this character were not generally responded to by those to whom they were addressed. But the League did respond, and responded so generously that when the battle was over I handed them back a surplus of some eight thou- sand dollars ; and, to their everlasting praise be it known, this sum, with much more, was used in recruiting regiments to enable Lincoln to carry out the verdict of the people, rendered in his triumphant re-election. I think an act like this should be noticed far more prominently than it ever has been. I believe this Union League, under God, did more than any civil organization in America to put down the Rebellion. To it must praise be ascribed for doing much to enable the great leader of our armies to win those victories which redeemed our country, and raised him to the position he now holds, as the chief magistrate of our nation and the first soldier of the world. He has done well to honor the Union League by choosing the guest of this evening for honorable political employment, and with such representatives of his admin- istration as our friend, success is sure." Union Art Receptions were continued during the year, League '^\\h great success, and the library had grown to 3216 volumes. Thirty members of the Union League sub- scribed for and presented to it a bronze bust of Edward Laboulaye, the eminent philosopher and philanthropist of France, in recognition of his unwavering support 188 o o cc < President Grant of the Union during its struggle. Addresses were made by the Hon. John W. Forney and Joseph G. Rosengarten. The Directors adopted a regulation ad- mitting officers in the Government service to the privi- leges of the House, on the footing of corresponding members. Contributions were taken up in behalf of the relief fund necessitated by the great fire in Chicago. nual In 1872 is the first report that bears a new signa- Tenth an ture, being that of Stephen A. Caldwell, " Secretary /re '^^^"'^ ' ' ''^ tern!' He retained the office until October, 1875. It notes the brilliant entertainment given Mr. Boker on the 2 2d of the previous December, remarking especially " the heartiness with which the highest national dignitaries, as well as the principal functiona- ries of the city and State, joined in the tributes of ad- miration and esteem paid to him by his more imme- diate associates and friends." The Union League nominated General Grant for National and re-election as President at a special meeting on May 22, State eiec- 1872, and appointed a committee of thirty to conduct the campaign. This included the support of General Hartranft as candidate for Governor, whose election in October largely contributed to the more important victory for Grant a month later. The death of Horace Greeley shortly afterward elicits a sympathetic refer- ence to his earlier services in the cause of freedom and progress, while congratulating the country that it had escaped the disasters inevitable if the adverse coalition he had latterly espoused had triumphed. 189 The Union League of Philadelphia Union League work Death of General Meade The Commissioners of the Philadelphia Interna- tional Centennial Exposition were entertained in May by the Union League. A reception to ladies was given on Washington's birthday. In June the Union League was fervid with the enthusiasm of the delegates to the Republican National Convention, and in October it celebrated the victory at the State election. Within a few weeks it met to mourn the death of General Meade. "With the Union League General Meade had close and inti- mate relations. While the issue of the battle of Gettysburg was still unknown, its members marched in procession to the residence of his family, and there publicly proclaimed their confidence that he would win the momentous fight he was then waging ; three years subsequently they presented to him, with appropriate ceremo- nies, a gold medal, illustrative of his skill and gallantry ; still later they engaged an eminent artist to paint for them his full-length portrait in military costume, which they reckon among their choicest treasures ; on the day succeeding his death they passed resolutions expressive of their sense of the loss the nation had sustained, and, as he had often been their honored guest in life, so at his funeral they accompanied his remains, with sorrowing hearts, to the tomb which now incloses all that was mortal of a brave and fortunate soldier, a wise and helpful counselor, and a true and honest man." Union League House New policy The House being in a state of "serious disrepair," demanding costly renovation, the Directors decided to increase the annual tax to $35 for 1873, the extra assessment to pay for the improvements. They an- nounced that the one object of the Union League in its first years was the performance of a patriotic duty. 190 President Grant No surplus funds were desired, the cooperation of num- bers being the immediate desideratum. The admission fee and annual tax were therefore fixed on a low scale. " The large sums which enabled the League to accom- plish the deeds which have made it famous were drawn not from its corporate coffers, but from the liberal purses of individual members. With increasing fame, however, came increasing numbers and revenues." The time had come, it was urged, when the income should be considerably increased and the numbers limited. It is not necessary to follow the report in the details submitted, but the following passage is pertinent : "There are other broader views of this topic. Putting aside Union all mercenary considerations, fellowship in the Union League, with League its history, traditions, and memories, is an honor that ought not prestige then to be lightly bestowed. Those alone who are deserving should be ^" "°^ allowed to share it. By assigning a maximum, beyond which can- didates can not be chosen, and thus discouraging indiscriminate applications, the best men in the community would be induced to seek a place on the lists, and so offer constant opportunities of wisest selection. The limitation suggested would give to the vested interests of those who are already members a more determinate and less fluctuating value, and in this way furnish fresh motives for their continuance. But beyond these reasons it does not admit of doubt that the amount named is far from an equivalent for the privileges it would secure. Regarding the League in its character of a social club, the right of full participation in the advantages it offers would be cheaply purchased at a high figure. Its library, its reading-room, its smoking-room, its billiard-room, its restaurant, its dining-saloons, its parlors, its halls, etc., are unsurpassed in their appointments and attractions. Exhibitions of works of art ; assemblages of distinguished people ; festive gatherings, including 191 The Union League of Philadelphia the gentler sex ; music, oratory — these are among the frequent sources of entertainment which it provides, and which can be found in no similar organization, while in every similar organiza- tion the bonus demanded is far above that which is here recom- mended." The limit proposed was a membership of two thou- sand. There were then 1 800 names on the roll. Eleventh annual report, 1873 The Union League's rule of politi- cal action Under normal conditions the Union League re- frains from activity in local politics. The report of 1873 restates its standard of political duty in the words of the report of 1871. "Whenever there may arise a question that shall concern the nation at large, one that shall bring us into the harmony in which we moved throughout the Rebellion, — such as a threat of a foreign foe, the adoption of a general public policy, or the election of the chief magistrate of the country, — we may safely predict that the League will once more resume its activity, once more set up its standard in airs that have rung with its unforgotten victories, once more marshal and lead forth its moral and material forces, once more confront the open or the insidious hostility of our opponents, once more be found where it ever has been and ever should be found, doing battle for right — prolonged, laborious battle — with the sacred weapons of obvious truth and of simple honesty." State Consti- tutional Convention The Union League at its special meeting in Octo- ber, 1870, began the movement for amending the Con- stitution of Pennsylvania. When the Convention it had proposed met in Philadelphia in 1873, it proffered its hospitality to the members. William M. Meredith, 192 President Grant first President of the Union League, was Chiairman of the Convention. The Constitution prepared by the Convention, after sittings extending over many months, was submitted for popular vote in December, and adopted. The Union League wisely refrained from corporate action in the discussion of so delicate a matter as the proposed mode of reforming an organic law of the State, on which honest differences of opinion existed among the reformers : "We therefore consider that the League discharges its duty best by urging most earnestly upon all within the circle of its influ- ence a careful and thorough examination of the new constitution, a faithful consideration of the reforms which it claims to make, and, after such examination, an exercise of the duty of citizenship at the polls, in accordance with a deliberate judgment formed from a study of the instrument. There can be no excuse which will justify a failure to attend at the approaching election. If it becomes each one having the interest of his country at heart to vote when the only decision is the selection of persons who, for a limited period, are to carry on the departments of government, how much more is it the duty of each to participate in an election which is to decide the very foundations upon which the government itself is to rest for probably a third of a century to come ? ' ' The President of the United States having formally The Centen- announced the date of the great Centennial Exposi- |l'j|| Exposi- tion of 1876, and invited the nations to participate, the Union League urged Congress to sustain the enterprise on the national plane by making an appro- priation worthy of the country's position. It also pledged itself to cooperate in every practicable way to insure success. 13 193 The Union League of Philadelphia Union League House Death of W. M. Meredith The Art Reception held during five days in Octo- ber was the most effective exhibition of paintings and engravings yet displayed in the city. Many thousands of citizens enjoyed the hospitality of the Union League in this manner. William Morris Meredith, the first President of the Union League, died in August. " To the community in which Mr. Meredith lived, and to whom he was personally known, it is unnecessary to write an eulogy on the many eminent qualities of his nature. It is, however, rather as the patriotic citizen than as the man that he was intimately con- nected with this body. In the days when there was no halting between two opinions, he stood forth as a leader in the cause of the Union, and contributed by his voice and presence toward the suc- cess of every movement looking to the upholding of the hands of those who were intrusted with the government of the State. Fail- ing health and public duties have, of late years, severed him from any active part in the direction of the League. But the memory of his earnest interest in our earlier days will always keep his name connected with the formation of our organization." The position of the Union League is reported as entirely satisfactory in all respects, though the neces- sity of completing certain unanticipated structural repairs made it advisable to postpone the reduction of the temporary addition to the annual tax until the next year. Twelfth Political reverses in the State elections of 1874 annual . ' ^ report, 1874 are accounted for, in part, by depression of trade, and dissatisfaction with the quality of some of the 194 President Grant Republican candidates. This was the second time in the history of the Union League — which, however, took no active part in these elections — that the Re- publican Party had sustained defeat. A committee of fifty-eight was appointed in Novem- Union ber to see that the party should put forward unexcep- League work tionable representatives for the approaching municipal election in February. Another committee, of twelve, was appointed to prepare drafts of Acts for submission to the Legislature, with the intention of reforming the municipal government, in harmony with the newly adopted Constitution. The special committee that had -phe Centen- been sent to Washington to induce Congress to make "ia! Exposi- a fitting appropriation for the Centennial Exposition Qo"nsress of 1876 reported a refusal. " It is to be regretted that the mistaken economy of Congress led it to refuse the contribution desired, and threw upon the indi- vidual citizen the task which, of right, should have been discharged by the nation. It is peculiarly gratifying, therefore, to be able to say that through the liberality of our fellow-citizens, mainly of Philadelphia, the entire and complete success of the exhibition is assured, notwithstanding the denial of Governmental assistance. ' ' The House being now in complete repair, the annual tax was reduced to the ordinary amount. " On the 17th of August, 1865, the League executed to Adolph E. Borie, Esq., and Cadwalader Biddle, Esq., Trustees, a mortgage on its house and lot, to secure $120,000 of bonds issued for the erection of the building. Under the terms of the mortgage the League covenanted to pay Joseph B. Townsend, Esq., and Edward C. Knight, Esq., Trustees of the Sinking Fund, ^2000 per annum. 195 The Union League of Philadelphia At the present time $46,000 of the bonds are held by the Trustees, leaving only $74,000 outstanding. This shows an annual average reduction of $5000 of our bonded debt, being largely in excess of the reduction covenanted for. ' ' Thirteenth annual report, 1875 The storm that broke upon the Union League this year had been foreshadowed in certain utterances in previous reports. Republican losses had increased to such an extent that, the report of 1875 says, "we are now, for the first time in sixteen years, about to witness the assembling of a Democratic House of Representatives." This was accepted as the penalty of neglect, for there had been growing apathy among the Republican voters, and the cause was mainly the unworthiness of so many candidates. The report proceeds : The Union "^'^ ^^ clear that the success of the Democratic Party had League been due not to any change in the sentiments of the people of our and ring rule Commonwealth, and that it did not, in any sense, indicate a de- parture from the principles of government which had for so many years guided her political action. On the contrary, this result was due solely to the greatly increasing dissatisfaction in the Republican Party itself with the character of those who had been intrusted with its management, and to a consequent powerful defection for the time from the party ranks. A large portion of the Republican Party thus showed its determined intention to consider the ques- tion of the personal fitness and worth of candidates for office as of the first importance, and to decline to vote for the candidates presented when they did not fill the full measure of these require- ments." 196 o I I < I President Grant The Union League determined to discharge its duty to the people by throwing its active influence against political operations calculated to disrupt the party by attempts to force undesirable candidates upon it. The Committee of Fifty-eight, appointed in the previous year, had done good service in this direction. In view of the approaching elections, a new committee, of sixty-two members, was formed, under resolutions of the Board, April 13, 1875, to exert its influence for the purification of politics. As this committee was taunted in the lively controversy carried on in the newspapers on its alleged "juvenile" character, it is well to note that of the sixty-two members, twenty had joined the League in 1863, its first year, and thirty between that date and 1869. The committee issued a plea and a an address to the Republican voters of the State, to P'^'" '^'"'^ which resolutions were appended, signed by Amos R. Little, Chairman, and Robert R. Corson, Secretary, calling upon the voters to obtain the nomination of unobjectionable candidates and to work hard for their success. It was added that " if, in defiance of the wishes of the great body of that party, the conventions shall nominate persons of doubtful fitness or suspected integrity, the Union League will not hesitate to con- demn such action, and will adopt such measures as will, in its judgment, secure the defeat of such nomi- nees." This address was followed by an "Appeal of the Union League to the Republican members of Coun- cils," pointing out that the caucus had nominated cer- tain men for offices "who are peculiarly objectionable 197 The Union League of Philadelphia to a large number of Republican voters," and that this action was considered a flat defiance of the wishes of the party. Two of the nominees were indicated by- name, and their withdrawal was requested in the inter- ests of party honor and harmony. These two were elected, notwithstanding the protest. Upon this, the committee issued a series of resolutions within a few days, pledging the Union League to fight the combi- nation of Republicans and Democrats who assumed to be the masters of the Republican Party, and invited subscriptions to that end. In September the Execu- tive Committee of the Committee of Sixty-two "adopted a preamble and resolutions, strongly commending the Republican nominations for Governor, State Treasurer, and Judge of the Common Pleas of Philadelphia, and declining to indorse the nominations for Clerk of the Quarter Sessions, Recorder of Deeds, and City Commissioners. This independent action took the com- munity by surprise, and produced a great excitement among those members of the League who differed with the conclusions of the committee. At the request of a large number, a general meeting of the League was called, and held upon October 14, 1875, for the purpose of considering the action of the committee. The meeting was more numerously attended than any other in the history of the League, and, as might have been expected, the proceedings were of the most earnest character. The Com- " ^ resolution was finally adopted to submit the question mittee sus- whether or not the decision of the Committee of Sixty-two as to the tained unindorsed municipal candidates, should stand as the judgment of the League to a ballot of the members, to be taken during the two days following. The ballot was taken, and resulted in a vote of 644 ayes and 551 nays — a majority of 93 ayes. "The State and county election followed soon after, and resulted in the success of all the Republican candidates. The 198 President Grant majorities of those candidates who were disapproved of by the League were, liowever, so much inferior to those of the otliers, that the action of the League appears to have had a very great influence upon the voting community." Perusal of the newspapers of the day more than bears out the complaint of this committee that they were "the subject of the grossest abuse from the ring newspapers and ring politicians." The annual report remarks in conclusion that : ' ' The Board does not deem it necessary to further refer to the action of its committee ; its work, whether wise or unwise, has been done, and was finally approved of by a large majority of the members. " The important question for the members at the approaching general meeting is. What shall be the course of our organization in matters of like nature in the future. Three distinct lines of con- duct seem to be open : to withdraw the League from any partici- pation whatever in political affairs, and to continue it only as a social club for the recreation and accommodation of its members ; to withdraw it from the field of municipal politics only, leaving it free to act upon subjects of national or State concern ; or simply to prescribe such restraints upon the mode of the exercise of any of its functions in reference to either national. State, or municipal politics as will enable a majority of all its members for the time being to command the action of the League in reference to all these subjects. ' ' The membership had declined to 1558, a net loss of Declining 108 in the year. In view of the Centennial Exposition, membership which would necessitate a considerable extra expendi- ture in the entertainment of distinguished guests and strangers, it was decided to increase the annual tax by 199 The Union League of Philadelphia Death of the Vice- President of the United States ^15 for the coming year, and private subscriptions were also invited for this purpose. The sudden death of the Hon. Henry Wilson, Vice- President of the United States, occurred in November. The Board of Directors submitted a series of resolu- tions, which were adopted by the Union League, re- cognizing his faithful services to the people, adding, "That we record with more than ordinary feelings of thankfulness that the late Vice-President was ever a firm and strongly attached friend to the Union League, re- cognizing the services of the body in sustaining the national Government in the days of peril and trial, and cheerfully and unselfishly lending his personal aid, under the auspices of the League, for the success of the political principles which he, in full sympathy with their efforts, believed to be for the best good of the countr3^" The League House was draped in mourn- ing for thirty days, and the members proceeded in a body to take part in the funeral ceremonies at Inde- pendence Hall, where the remains of the Vice- President lay in state during the night of November 26th. William Camac signs the report as Secretary. report, 1876 CHAPTER XII CENTENNIAL EXPOSITION— PRESIDENTS HAYES AND GARFIELD 1876-1881 The report for 1876 is signed by Silas W. Pettit, Fourteenth who was appointed Secretary in September, J. Frailey annual Smith having acted temporarily after the retirement of Mr. Camac. This was a momentous year for the Union League, both politically and socially. The RepubHcan candidate for President was General Rutherford B. Hayes and the Democratic candidate Samuel J. Tilden. Business depression had seriously affected all classes and made much discontent. The Presidential election had re- sulted in disputed returns from several States, and when the report was presented the electoral result had not been finally decided. Considerable space is given to the discussion of the mode by which the Electoral College cast their deciding votes. The The election report is written in the heat of the historic contest °f President between Hayes and Tilden, which can now be viewed dispassionately. The counsel of the Union League in the crisis is clear and strong. In the coming February Congress would count the electoral vote and announce the result. The Union League of Philadelphia "The announcement will be binding on all and without appeal, and it will then become the highest duty of every American citizen to see to it that the persons declared elected President and Vice-President of the United States are duly inaugurated as such, and that they discharge the duties and exercise the powers of their high offices without let or hindrance from any man or body of men whomsoever. " To do less than this will be to encourage reckless and disap- pointed men to oppose the will of the people in the future and thereby sap the very foundations of our government, and to do it otherwise than cheerfully and promptly may encourage an opposi- tion which else would not dare to raise its head. " In such a time as this it becomes this Union League to sink far out of sight all other issues, and with our glorious record of patriotic discharge of public duty in the past, we surely may, should any emergency require it in the future, exercise great influence in forming and leading so determined and outspoken a public senti- ment in support of the government of the United States, and its lawfully constituted authorities, as will preclude the shadow of a doubt as to the determination of the American people to sustain it at all hazards and against all foes, and deter from the attempt any so reckless as to dream of opposing it." The Cen- The report notes the unprecedented success of the tennial Exposition International Centennial Exposition from every point of view. On Ohio day, October 26th, the Governor of that State, General Rutherford B. Hayes, attended and became the guest of the Union League in the evening. The occasion was memorable for the un- wonted display of enthusiasm. The Hon. George H. Boker, former Secretary of the Union League, and now United States Minister to Russia, was tendered a brilliant reception during his temporary visit home. The Board of Directors had invited the Centennial Exposition — Presidents Hayes and Garfield Hon. John Bright, M. P., to visit the city as a guest of the Union League, in recognition of his stanch friendship for the Union during the war. He re- luctantly declined the honor because of ill health. The membership had declined to 1434, a decrease of 124 in the year, due to the general business pros- tration and the competition of other clubs. Exten- sive repairs and decorations had been completed and the indebtedness was considerably reduced. John Bright invited The Union League took no active part in the Fifteenth annual report, 1877 1877 elections. "Owing to dissensions among party managers and the indifference of the public after the protracted strain and excitement incident to the late Presidential contest," the Democratic Party had once more carried the State. The inauguration of President Hayes was quickly followed by disturbing elements within the party lines. The League indorsed the Southern policy of the Administration on March 13th, and urged the President to continue in the line laid down in his inauguration address "as best calculated to begin a new era of peace and good-will throughout the country, to restore quiet and commercial prosperity to every section, and to elevate and purify our public service." Vigorous criticism is applied to those Re- civii-service publicans who were wavering into opposition to the reform civil-service reforms they had formerly urged. The President had incurred their displeasure by taking them at their word and carrying their recommenda- tions into practice. 203 The Union League of Philadelphia " Their assertions are false and their threats are idle. " When the safety and success of the Republican or any other party depends, not upon the support of the people, but upon the exertions and the contributions of the holders of public office, it will be time that it should retire from the management of public affairs. . . . It is not true that the existence and continued success of the Republican Party depend upon the exertions of any one order of men, be they holders of public office or not ; its great principles have too firm a lodgment in the intelligence and affec- tions of our citizens to rest on so slender a foundation. He but little appreciates the patriotism of the American people who affirms that the maintenance of their liberties depends upon the services and liberality of any one class, for there has never been an instance in the history of our country when they have spared either their time or their money in defense of their political principles, since that great day when in this very city their forefathers solemnly pledged, for a like purpose, their lives, their fortunes, and sacred honor." The stagnation in business, now continuing four years, was telling seriously upon the membership roll. Hard times ^' ^^^ declined to II 8i, a net loss of 253 in the year, due to 24 deaths, 146 resignations, and 100 suspen- sions. Steps were recommended by which the roll might be speedily restored to its former prosperous state. The finances had not suffered, but it was deter- mined to meet the charges of a new steam-heating system by an advance in the yearly dues, which was fully warranted, apart from this particular expenditure, by the unrivaled club accommodations and social ad- vantages offered by the Union League. 204 o I o Centennial Exposition — Presidents Hayes and Garfield "The hope expressed in the last annual report, that the Demo- cratic success of 1877 would be but a prelude to a series of defeats, has been gratified by the glorious and overwhelming victory achieved Sixteenth by the Republican Party at the recent election. Another evidence, if ^"""3' any was needed, of the deep hold that party has upon the hearts ^P "■ ' ' '' and consciences of the American people, and of the readiness with victory for which they will rally to its standard when proper exertion is made civil-service to call them forth, and they feel that success means something more reform and than the mere triumph of particular leaders, whose position and l^on^^t strength has been conferred and confirmed by the patronage of ™°"*y public office. . . . When appealed to on the vital issues of honest money and a reformed administration of the public service, the people responded promptly and by large majorities in favor ot that party which had shown the will and the power to reform itself." This year there is further marked decline in mem- The Union bership. On December i, 1878, the roll totaled only League 874 names, a loss during the year of 22 by death, 330 g^ ^ i^^ by resignation, and 52 by suspension. point "It is true, ' ' says the report, ' ' that for the last five years the stagnation in all departments of business has been such as to com- pel universal retrenchment in personal expenditure among our peo- ple, and as the right of membership in the League is rather in the nature of a privilege than of a necessity, it has naturally caused not only a very large number of resignations and suspensions among our members, but has also precluded our receiving such accessions of new members as otherwise we no doubt would have had. The large reduction in the membership of other organizations like ours warns us that we are not alone, and that only harmonious and energetic action on our part will avail to prevent even a still further reduction in our members. ' ' This falling-off could not be charged to the occa- 205 The Union League of Philadelphia to President Hayes sional increase of annual dues, as at its present rate, the report says, " it is yet lower than in any similar organization in the country, and our membership, though reduced, is even yet much higher than any of the social or political clubs in this city." It was decided to urge every member to do his best to secure others. The annual tax was fixed at $40 for the ensuing year. Reception The Union League received President and Mrs. Hayes on April 27th. The occasion was a memor- able one in many ways ; the decorations and enter- tainment were worthy of the Union League and its eminent guests. Accompanied by the commit- tee of the League, the President inspected the mining and iron works in the eastern portion of the State. He was received by the ladies of the city at the Acad- emy of Fine Arts and by the citizens generally in Inde- pendence Hall. Death of "Mr. J. Gillingham Fell, one of our original members, who J. Gilling- had been our President for two years, and was at the time of his ham Fell death the senior Vice-President of our organization, had been actively identified with each and all of the many important labors of the League from the time of its formation until, prostrated by disease, he was compelled to desist alike from all public and private employment. "Those members of the League who remember him when, in the prime of his manhood, his firm and unshaken patriotism, devo- tion to the cause of his country in her hour of danger, and liberal contribution of his labor as well as from his purse to her service, placed him among the foremost of his fellow-citizens, will ever cherish his memory with the affection and respect he so richly merited and so largely received. 206 Centennial Exposition — Presidents Hayes and Garfield "Mr. Henry Armitt Brown, one of the youngest of your Board of Directors, has already made for himself a place in the affections and esteem of his fellow-citizens, which rendered him Death of among the most distinguished of the younger men of the country, '^'^'^y Too young to take an active part in the War of the Rebellion, he g^„^„ had no sooner completed his collegiate and professional education than he turned his attention to the consideration of the numerous and difficult political problems to which that war gave rise. A ready writer and a most accomplished orator, notwithstanding his youth and the shortness of his career, he has left the impress of his labors upon the political history of his country, while the purity of his character and his undisputed patriotism and ability com- pelled the respect of all, and not the least of those who most stren- uously differed from and opposed him." The Hon. George H. Boker was elected President for the next year. The Directors recommended bor- rowing ^75,000 on mortgage to pay the floating debt. It had been hoped that the Democratic majority in seventeenth Congress would respect the unmistakable mandate of annual the Republican victories in the elections. Instead of '^^''° this, it persisted in ignoring the lesson, which had therefore to be repeated. The report of 1879 says : "Not only has every act then denounced been repeated, but other and yet graver dangers have arisen from the policy since adopted. Finding that in the constitutional exercise of the Presi- dential veto a check was being put upon its efforts to place, by legislation, the national Government in as defenseless a position as that in which it stood in 1861, the plan of coercion was adopted, and the wheels of government were almost stopped because the 207 A call to arms The Union League of Philadelphia Executive would not forswear his duty and yield his judgment to illegal demands. Such coercion meant revolution, and it is, there- fore, without wonder that your Directors can record a series of Re- publican victories rarely equaled in the history of any party. The repeated and unrebuked outrages committed in the Southern States, and the determination manifested to secure a sectional control of the Government, roused a just spirit of indignation throughout the North, and from the moment the attitude of the Southern States became assured, the only safety of the nation lay in the renewed consolidation of those who, in times past, have proved both the defenders and saviors of national unity and national honor. In the continuation of the struggle over the Presidential election next year, your Directors propose that the League shall stand as firmly by its principles as it did in 1863, and during the sixteen years of its patriotic life." Receptions to Genera! Grant and Governor Hoyt Death of Morton McMichael The Guest Committee was increased fifty-one mem- bers, and as early as April busied itself with arrang- ing for the magnificent reception given in December, 1879, by the Union League to General Grant on his return from his tour around the world. This was generally considered the most sumptuous and suc- cessful entertainment the Union League had ever given. Governor Henry M. Hoyt, of Pennsylvania, was given a reception in April, the cost being de- frayed by subscription. Hon. Morton McMichael died on January 6th. His prominence as one of the original founders of the Union Club, which preceded the Union League, and his invaluable services as Director, Vice-Presi- dent, and President, and as an always welcome spokesman on all occasions, were recognized by the Union League in various formal ways. 208 o o Centennial Exposition — Presidents Hayes and Garfield " He voluntarily retired from the Presidency in 1874, but his attachment to and interest in the League never diminished. In all the relations of life he deserved and won our regard and respect. As a citizen, as an ofificial, or as a journalist, in whatever walk of life we saw or knew him, he was always conspicuous in his advocacy of the right, and powerful in his denunciation of what he thought to be wrong. His eloquent tongue has ceased to charm us, but his delightful genius will never be forgotten." The membership dedined during the year to 851, a loss of 23. Though not mentioned in the report, it is fitting to union recall the newspaper accounts of a large and enthu- League work siastic meeting of the Union League, held on May p^ggj^S*' 6th, "to support the President in the veto which he has sent into the Houses of Congress on the subject of the Army Appropriation Bill." The Chair was taken by the Hon. George H. Boker. The following resolutions were moved by Silas W. Pettit, and after speeches by William S. Lane, William McMichael, Jerome Carty, Colonel Branan, and Richard L. Ash- hurst, they were enthusiastically adopted : " Whereas, Recent action of the Senate and House of Repre- sentatives of the United States upon the Army Appropriation Bill demands outspoken and emphatic, declaration by the Union League in furtherance of the avowed purposes of its formation — the ' fos- tering and promoting the love of republican government, and aid- ing in the preservation of the Union of the United States ' ; there- fore be it "Resolved, by the Union League of Philadelphia : "First, That the veto by Rutherford B. Hayes, President of the United States, of the Army Appropriation Bill, as passed by the two houses of the National Legislature at their present extra 14 209 The Union League of Philadelphia President Hayes indorsed session, has our unqualified approval as a dignified and manly asser- tion of the just rights of the Executive under the Constitution, and the statesmanlike apprehension of the true principles of this Repub- lican government as established for the Union of these United States. " Second, That the deliberately plotted, carefully planned, and openly avowed and threatened purpose of the Democratic Party — through their majority in both houses of the National Legislature, now, for the first time in years, under their control — to coerce the President in the discharge of his duties, representing, as he does, a coordinate branch of the government, by refusing, unless tram- meled with obnoxious restrictions, the appropriations necessary for the maintenance of its military and most important civil functions, shows the same spirit of disloyalty, reckless disregard of the prin- ciples upon which our government is founded, and an overbearing and tyrannical exercise of party power, intensified by appeals to sectional prejudices, which led to the late Rebellion, in which so many of that majority were active participants, and which to so large a degree had the sympathy of that party. "Third, That the cordial and hearty support of this League is hereby pledged to the President of the United States in his course upon these questions, and to the Senators and Representatives in Congress who have fearlessly, ably, and manfully withstood this attack upon the principles and structure of our government ; and we call upon them to stand firm in upholding and maintaining the independence of its coordinate branches in the exercise of their constitutional powers. " Fourth, That a copy of these resolutions be sent to the Presi- dent of the United States, the members of the Cabinet, and to each of the Republican Senators and Representatives in Congress." Samuel B. Huey was elected Secretary. It was Presidential election year. The report of 1880 says: Centennial Exposition — Presidents Hayes and Garfield "The Republican Party, true to its principles, promulgated a platform the salient points of which were honest money, payment in full of the national debt, a protective tariff to shield our work- Eighteenth ingmen from the pauper labor of Europe, and a free ballot and fair annual count for all the voters of our land. On this platform they placed ''^P°''*' '^^° James A. Garfield, of Ohio, than whom a better equipped man physically and mentally never stood as a standard-bearer. With him was named Chester A. Arthur, who fitly represented the forces which should meet with and overthrow the opposition in the pivotal State of New York." For a while " the popular thought undoubtedly was Election of that there was no serious peril, and the League was Pi'esident slow to believe that its Campaign Committee had work to perform. September came, and all eyes turned to Maine to see the expected RepubHcan majority regis- tered." Instead there was an outburst of Democratic hopes and plans, aiming at the undoing of what had been achieved by the Union Party. The moment for action had come. " The Union League stepped to the front and took its place as a iTpiQ^ leader in thought, sentiment, and action. Its members poured out League work their contributions to pay for legitimate outlays of money — and not one dollar of the fund was used for corrupt or improper purposes — and freely gave their time, their talents, and their influence to the success of the party whose principles they loved. ... It con- tinued to strike its nervous blows, and by meetings, pamphlets, arguments, processions, and illuminations appealed to the voters of the land. Its members joined in the great procession of September 25th, and for the first time since the close of the war its banner was carried through the streets of Philadelphia, at once an assurance of earnestness and a promise of victory." The Union League of Philadelphia That victory was a great one, and " those who had watched the conflict and knew the sources of the strength that had prevailed, joined in giving all honor to the Union League for its bold stand and substantial efforts." Membership The efforts of members to keep up the strength of the club proved encouraging. The number on the roll was 938, a gain of 87. Union Notwithstanding the depression of the past few balance- years, the Directors report that "the League has sheet twenty never been in a more prosperous financial condition years ago ^^^ ^^ ^j^g present time. The total receipts of the Union League from all sources for 1880 were $S4,73i-47 Expenditures 46,234.54 Leaving a balance on hand of ^8,496.93 " The floating debt has all been paid off, and the Club's only indebtedness is the ^75,000 five per cent, mortgage on the League building. The mortgage of ^10,000 on No. 131 South Fifteenth Street has been paid and satisfied of record. ' ' The value of the property and assets of the League is shown to be ^276,054, with an indebtedness, besides the above mortgage, of ^4869 to the Publication Committee and the Library Committee, showing a surplus of ^196,184. In addition to this, $4000 are invested in the Publication Fund." Nineteenth ^^^ "^^ Y^^^ S^^^ promise of political peace and annual national prosperity. The election of President Gar- report, 1881 ^gy ^j^g hailed as a guarantee of wise financial legis- lation and a substantial advance in the orowth of O Centennial Exposition — Presidents Hayes and Garfield industries. His inaugural address, in March, 1881, and choice of Cabinet advisers vindicated the good judgment of his supporters. " Throughout the spring and early summer he seemed destined Assassina- te fulfil the expectation expressed by the Board, that ' he would tion of attract to the national Government the upright men of all parties President by the integrity, impartiality, and efficiency of his administration.' But suddenly, and without warning, he was, on July 2d, shot down by a dastardly assassin. It was an outrage ' against the peace of the people of the United States and their dignity ' so atrocious that the universal and unaffected sorrow of the people was mingled with the utmost indignation and horror. " The crime against the man was of the basest : that against the country was inexpressible, and it seemed for a time as if no limit could be placed on its possible evil results. The only consol- ing thought was that the assassination was not the result of a plot nor the outgrowth of national degeneracy." His death after a protracted struggle for life was mourned by the nations. " The sympathy expressed by the governments of Europe with the government and the people of the United States, in their solici- tude regarding the wounded President, and in their sorrow at his death, was a signal example of the humanizing and harmonizing effect of a great public sorrow. Especially are the solemn acknowl- edgments of our citizens due to the Queen of England, whose anx- ious and frequent inquiries regarding Mr. Garfield's health, whose heartfelt regret when he died, whose votive offering laid upon his coffin, and whose tender letter of consolation to his widow, have won the respect and admiration of all hearts, and amply justify the national salute which was offered to the flag of Great Britain at Yorktown. "Your Board met in special session September 20, 1881, and 213 The Union League of Philadelphia passed the following resolutions, in which, it is not doubted, the League will join with heartfelt unanimity : " ' Hesolved, That we here record our appreciation of the character of James A. Garfield ; of his life record as a citizen, a soldier, and a statesman ; of his vigorous and cleanly manhood ; of his integrity of purpose, energy of execution, and persistence of effort ; of his thorough preparation for the discharge of the duties of the Presidency, and the wisdom and patriotism with which he began his brief administration ; of the patient heroism displayed by him during his illness, and of the calm, Christian courage with which he faced and met death. ' ' ' Resolved, That we esteem his loss not merely a national calamity, but a personal bereavement, which brings the shadow of grief into every home, and we join with our countrymen, and with the lovers of brave and true manhood throughout the world, in the purpose of cherishing his name among the brightest of historical examples, and in expressing our sad, heartfelt sympathy and co- operation in all honest effort to administer the great trust which has devolved upon him. We respect the man, and his delicacy of feeling and action during the past crisis, and we invoke the kindly sympathy and consideration of all good citizens in his behalf as he now, with modest courage, steps forward to assume the grave responsibilities of his high office. May God give him wisdom in most abundant measure ! ' " The Union League House, as a mark of respect for the memory of the deceased President, was draped in mourning for ninety days. The members continued their confidence in the new Arthur President, Chester A. Arthur. " Thus far his official acts show that he is conscientiously and carefully en- deavoring to do his duty, and warrant us in feeling that the interests of our country are in strong and clean hands." 214 President Centennial Exposition — Presidents Hayes and Garfield "The attention of the members has been called by an able address by Colonel John E. Bryant, of Georgia, at a meeting of the League, and by a report of a committee of which Professor Stills was Helping the chairman, to the necessity of promoting the interests of education ^o"*^" in the South, and of assisting in this manner to find the true solu- tion of what has commonly been known as the Southern question." A committee of fifteen was appointed, who reported in favor of the movement, and a Congressional appro- priation for common school education was urged at the meeting. The Union League House was thorouehlv over- ,, . , 1 1 , . £> J' Union hauled and put in complete repair. The handsome League memorial window of stained glass, which graces the House main staircase, was presented by Major Edwin N. Benson at a cost of ^looo, to commemorate the former Presidents, whose names it bears — William M. Meredith, J. Gillingham Fell, Horace Binney, Jr., and Morton McMichael. It was decided to incorporate the sites of several buildings on the lot, and devote the proceeds of sale of others to enlarging the House by the erection of an annex, which should include a spacious hall suitable for meetings, art exhibitions, banquets, and balls. Two hundred and forty-eight members contributed ^32,500, which, added to the pro- ceeds of the sale, made a building fund of ^41,500. On May 6th a grand reception and ball were given a brilliant by the Union League ; Colonel R. Dale Benson was reception chairman of the General Committee. The House was lavishly decorated and nearly a thousand members were present, most of them with ladies. Many dis- 215 The Union League of Philadelphia tinguished guests were received, members of the foreign diplomatic corps and others. New The membership roll in 1881 had increased to increasine 9^^ names. The number of books in the Library had risen to 4621. There was no indebtedness excepting the mortgage, and the assets of the Union League were over ^300,000. 216 CHAPTER XIII PRESIDENTS ARTHUR AND CLEVELAND 1882-1887 The report of 1882 has again to confront the Twentieth unpleasant fact of Republican defeat. ^.^ ^^.^ ^gg^ "It is difficult for the Board to give an expression of opinion relative to the political events of the past year in State and nation which will meet with a hearty response from all the members of the League. Some generalizations on the subject may, however, be safely made. "The elections held throughout the country on November 7th resulted in a whirlwind of victories for the Democratic nominees. One of the revolutions in thought which are characteristic of an educated and free people has taken place. What caused it ? and what does it teach ? ' ' President Arthur's attitude provokes discussion. ' ' Two years ago we were united, earnest, triumphant. . . . Republican Profound peace rested upon all, and hope lit up the skies of the defeat ; its ™, , 1 , , • J ii ■ • i causes and future. . . . The contrast between that time and this is too jg^ggi^g obvious to need recital. To-day we have disaffection, indifference, apathy, and open revolt, followed by defeat, by the loss of fruits which we supposed had been safely gathered, and by grave mis- givings as to business and the national policy. It would not be manly or useful to disguise the truth. The part of wisdom is to look the facts calmly in the face, trace the discontent to its source, 217 The Union League of Philadelphia Republican defeat regretted if that be practicable, read the lessons spread before us, and be ready for the new political conditions which are upon us. " Long-continued ascendancy of any political party in- evitably produces two results — one the growth and exercise of arbitrary power in the hands of ambitious leaders, and the other the addition of a natural law of attraction of a body of camp- followers who, ignorant of the history and principles of the party, are clamorous for the prizes which it is in a position to dispense. ' ' President Garfield had set himself to resist the dic- tation of clamorous aspirants for public office. His successor "was understood to pledge himself to carryforward the policy of his predecessor, which had met with such hearty approval from the people. This included refraining from using the power of his office for the advantage of a faction, and being the representative of no less than the whole of his own party while acting for the interest of the entire nation. That the people do not feel that he has fairly redeemed that pledge — however he may have sought to do it — can hardly be questioned. We certainly have no desire to pass censure on the President. On the contrary, we feel that his manly and determined course in proving his fidelity to cherished doctrines of the Republican Party and standing out against a misguided majority of both houses of Congress in his vetoes of the Chinese Exclusion Bill and of the River and Harbor Bill are deserving of high credit, and that his personal integrity and patriotic purposes are not to be called in question. We simply state the fact that the people at large seem to have differed from him in judgment as to the proper uses of patronage and kindred matters, and to have regarded the recent elections as an appropriate opportunity for ex- pressing their disapproval of his views." The Republican Party, not its principles, must shoulder the responsibility for defeat. The duty of the Union League is clear : 218 Presidents Arthur and Cleveland ' ' The League has in times past spoken in clarion tones for the true and the right. Again it has its opportunity, and, with its unrivaled facilities for reaching the popular heart and mind, it has but to meet the requirements of the hour, and, through its mem- bers, sound the note which shall lead not only Pennsylvania, but the Union, to the highest type of Republican thought and to the victories which are always accorded in this land to the honest effort to make that thought the controlling principle of party life. . . . " Let Congress as it is now assembled respond to the popular demands. Let it devote itself to the discussion and passage of suitable acts for the revision of the tariff, the abolition of oppres- sive taxation, and the regulation of the mode in which the public moneys shall be expended. Let it formulate conservative civil- service methods, and assert the position that its members are sent to Washington to perform public service, and not simply to seek for and obtain offices for their constituents. Let the President remember that he is the head of a great party in its entirety and the Chief Magistrate of a nation. We firmly believe that the Republican Party has character enough to correct its mistakes, and that, through statesmanlike conduct on the part of our Senators and Representatives, through intolerance of such leadership as we have had, through the re-adoption of high standards of thought and action, through patient correction of the wrongs which have crept into our party policy, and through an honest recognition of the demands of an aroused and enlightened membership, the Republican Party can again command, and will again receive, public confidence." The bi-centennial celebration of William Penn's Penn founding of the State and its chief city afforded the bi-centenary Union League the opportunity to give a reception to the Association having charge of the ceremony. It vi^as held on October 27th, and the new assembly room was happily inaugurated by a distinguished and numerous company of guests. 219 The Union League of Philadelphia The Union League Art Associa- tion Membersl:iip furtlier An Art Association was formed among the mem- bers having for its object the adornment of the Union League House by the purchase and gift of works of art. The report announces a gratifying increase in mem- bership, being now 1081, as against 978 the previous year. It proudly adds, "the organization is free from internal feuds, self-supporting, prosperous and influen- tial." Twenty-first annual report, 1883 Looking back at the disasters of last year's elec- tions, the Union League was able in the report of 1883 to congratulate itself and the Republican Party on its diagnosis of the troubles and its counsels for ending them. The lesson had been well pondered. "The months slipped by, and it rapidly became apparent that confidence in the intelligence and honesty of the party had not been misplaced. Here and elsewhere a conciliatory course was adopted, and a self-sacrificing spirit manifested. State conven- tions nominated their own candidates without outside interference, and the party entered upon the campaign of 1883 under more truly Republican methods of government than it had known for many years. The innate manhood of Republicanism had asserted itself. The lessons of 1882 had been learned by the vanquished, and their Independent well-wishers recognized again in the organi- zation an instrument useful for good government, and efficient to carry out the purpose and convictions of the great body of its adherents. . . . The organization is stronger than any of its members, and individuals are powerful only as they guide their party in the paths of honest management and under the standards of enlightened progress. ^^:' '■■ *- V^H^^^PW'''^^ IHI^BEiF^^I ■-^a^ ^^■^^^^W-^^^H^^^BuBiuA./^Vi'f^- It :..:l:S«-:^': ,.:im m ^^Rl'-^HHIH wBm ^tI^M'^^ 'Ki,ii. Bi ;rliK^3p(''vi P^spMRpS^ Mai, ' •^'' ■ ''-iinaiiKW-a 1 : .- mnf/t y -V^:;====7J ^^'■»l^ ,«p*. r - — — ^-^^^^^^^^^WWHr^^lE^jal^^^^^^^^ ..^w/4A k^y Ht ^» ^ ■•i^'^^^ ~ ~ ^ ,. ■ i|^? i' / ... 'ftsi |.|ii Im 1 r r^Vsni^l mi^mi ■B^^"^ ^^^^^.*1 1 il^Bf JR^^^L PiyBi iBmnmlS^ * i^' -p^^ L ^^^ ^^I^^^^Hkhih^ -^^^^I^^^^IHh o I 3 I Presidents Arthur and Cleveland " The road to victory in 1884 is open to us, and the lamp of experience sheds instructive light. We can elect the next Presi- dent, but the hope of success lies in Republican identifica- The political tion with honest politics and progressive reform. We must situation and nominate a candidate who will challenge the respect and con- fidence of the best elements of the American people, and place him on a platform which recognizes the present temper of that people by pointing to higher attainments in purified statecraft. The independent voters hold the balance of power, and their sym- pathies are all Republican. The Union League but stands for the good of the party when it insists that those sympathies shall not be diverted by a return to discarded methods. "During the year the Supreme Court of the United States has decided that the ' enforcement legislation ' of Congress was uncon- j^e Union stitutional and void. Naturally the colored voters of the country League have felt that this decision imperils their status, and their irritation ^'^'^ '^^ has in some instances extended to criticism of the party which ""^ ^ ^ gave them citizenship. The Civil Rights Law was the last of the measures passed by the Republicans to secure for the black race the full benefits of emancipation. . . . We commend to our colored fellow-citizens the thought that, as the Republican Party was the one which placed the ballots in their hands and, so far as it was possible by legal enactment, has protected them in the use of those ballots, it is but self-protection for them to remain in the ranks of the organization to which they must appeal for help in time of political need. Meanwhile the duty and responsibility of accomplishing the purposes of the Civil Rights Bill by resort to other and more effective plans are worthy of our earnest considera- tion." The Union League House had now in all respects Union been made one of the completest clubs in this or any "^^^^^ other country. Each of its departments is flourishing, and the number of active members has increased to 1 153 out of a possible 1250, the legal limit. The Union League of Philadelphia Twenty- second annual report, 1884 Election of President Cleveland ' ' For the first time since the Union League came into existence the national administration has passed into the hands of men whom we believe to be inimical to the best interests of the nation. After twenty-four years of continuous rule the Republican Party is pushed from the seat of power ; and though it still retains its noble record of slavery destroyed, of the Union restored, of honest finances, of protection to industry and unquestionable devotion to principle, to-day it sits in the shadow of defeat. By a plurality of a few hun- dred votes New York has placed itself by the side of the solid South, and the Democratic candidate for the Presidency has thereby been elected. . . . Led by our own Commonwealth, nearly all the States in which an untrammeled ballot was polled gave a splendid indorsement to the Republican platform ; but those in which illit- eracy prevails, and where the Bourbonism which has resisted every liberal and progressive movement in civilization during the last quarter of a century holds the election machinery, gave unlimited majorities to that of the Democracy. ' ' The report of 1884 denounces the suppression of the freedmen vote. ' ' Free government ! The phrase is a delusion when practically applied to facts in the Southern States. If we value free govern- ment, if we care aught for the underlying principles of a republic, if we believe that the war settled anything, if we place any estimate on the amendments to the Constitution and the enormous cost so freely paid to secure them, then the Republican Party has as high and sacred a mission now as it had when it first attacked slavery, or when it first unfurled the banner of protection to American industry. . . . Let there be no misunderstanding of our position. The members of the League are studiously observant of their duties as citizens, and, bowing to the will of the majority, as the same is declared in constitutional form, they propose to deal fairly with the new administration, applauding all that it may do in the interest of the country and supporting it in every endeavor at good government ; but believing it to be the representative of Presidents Arthur and Cleveland Hon. J. G. Blaine interests antagonistic to the principles of progress, and to be willing on its record to wield power through trampling upon the right of suffrage, they will watch with jealous eye every encroachment upon constitutional liberty, and by every form of honest effort will seek to again place in power the party which saved the country from disruption and disgrace, and thus conserve the safety of the citizen and the prosperity of commercial and financial interests. ' ' The Hon. George H. Boker voluntarily resigned his office as President of the Union League, while re- maining an active and valued member. Thousands of citizens thronged the halls of the Reception to Union League to do honor to James G. Blaine, their champion in the Presidential campaign. A blow fell upon the Union League in the death of its Treasurer, James L. Claghorn. " He was one of its earliest members, and, except during his Death of absence in Europe, he was its Treasurer from the date of its for- James L. mation until his death. Fidelity is the word which best expresses ^-'asnor" his discharge of the duties of that office, and much of our present financial prosperity is due to his skilful management and wise methods. In his intercourse with his fellow-members his conduct was marked by a courtesy and a kindness of heart that won universal regard, and that through all changes of sentiment retained him in the direction. He was a citizen in the best sense of the term, and his counsels and suggestions in art and business circles are as keenly missed as is his familiar presence from our midst. ' ' The number of members had grown to 121 3, again of 60. The affairs of the Union League were highly prosperous. 223 The Union League of Philadelphia Twenty- third annual report, i88; Reviewing the first year of the Cleveland adminis- tration, the report of 1885 expresses satisfaction that none of the predicted exposures of Republican misrule had come to pass. Civil-service reform was being honored more in the breach than by the performance of the fine pledges made. The President "had un- doubtedly good intentions, . . . but his party scouts his pledges, and his party is stronger than he." The Union League urges persistent and stronger eague wor g^^j-^g ^.^ \^^\^g back the people to their old allegiance to sound Republican principles. Union Deatlis of General Grant and Vice- President Hendricks ' ' Standing in the presence of the facts of to-day, the work of the Republican Party is not completed. It must assume the correc- tion of this confessed evil in the body politic [the suppressing of the negro voter], an evil which, cancer-like, is growing and spreading, until in Northern cities political gamblers, envious of the ability and jealous of the success of party friends in the South, have boldly committed outrages on the purity of the ballot-box, and appealed to Democratic courts for immunity from punishment and certificates of success. As patriots and citizens we must awake to the character of such crimes, and understand their terrible and inevitable results. We must recognize that there are rights more valuable than merchandise and gold — more sacred than life itself — the denial of which means despotism, and the forgetfulness of which means loss of self-respect. A free ballot is the one great distin- guishing trait of a free government, and if the Republic ever falls, it will be because its citizens went one to his farm and another to his merchandise, and cared more for personal ease and personal wealth than they did for the freeman's right of voting. " A marked incident of the year has been the death of General Grant, a man who had repeatedly been a welcome guest in this house. We recognized in him the soldier who had led our armies to final victory ; the statesman who during eight eventful years had 224 3 I Presidents Arthur and Cleveland skilfully guided the affairs of the government which he had helped to save ; the citizen who had been justly honored throughout the world; and we gladly showed our appreciation of his worth. When he died, we recalled his modesty of demeanor, his purity of life, his rugged integrity, his magnanimity in the hour of victory, his wise and successful pursuit of peace by international arbitration, his patient submission to sorrow and suffering, and his bravery in the face of death ; and we rejoiced that before his departure he was permitted to see and to feel the love and respect of a grateful reunited people." The Union League House was also draped in Union mourning- for the deceased Vice-President, Thomas A. League S House Hendricks. A splendid and memorable Art Reception and Loan Exhibition was held from April 27th to May 6th. The paintings were valued at over ^400,000, and the exhi- bition was pronounced by competent judges "the best ever made in the city." Tournaments were held by players at chess, bowls, and billiards, enjoyed by crowds of spectators. The ArtAssocia- Art Association continued its great service in adorn- *'°" ing the League House. Its rolls showed only 311 members, and the Directors suggested that it deserves more generous support. Four portraits were added to the Union League gallery : James L. Claghorn, painted by direction of the Board ; Mr. Boker's, presented by his successor in office; and Charles Gibbons and Daniel Smith, Jr., pre- sented by members of their families. The roll of membership is reported as full, con- Members' / , J roll filled taining 1250 active members and 137 correspond- 15 225 The Union League of Philadelphia ing members, with many candidates waiting for elec- tion. Twenty- fourth annual report, 1886 Battle-cry of the Union League ' ' Long ago the League declared the tariff to be the vital issue in national politics, and it has ever sought to emphasize that fact. Important as it has been in the past, the struggle against free trade acquired new significance and paramount interest in the changed conditions which now confront us. Other questions once more pressing have been settled or are in course of adjustment. This issue remains, and through the exigencies of our financial situation and the demands of our laboring element, it rises to the foremost place in the problems of statesmanship. We support and maintain protection as a beneficent policy without regard to the varying necessities of the hour. ' ' The message of President Cleveland to Congress was pronounced in the report of 1886 to be a distinct declaration for free trade. "With the question thus decisively presented, it becomes the chief issue before the American people, and in such a contest the Union League can not stand indifferent. Every tradition of its history and every impulse of its convictions lead it to take a pro- nounced position in the struggle. It believes that in this conflict the welfare and prosperity of the country are involved as clearly as they were in the war for the Union. Nor is it any mere selfish or local interest which prompts it to action. No graver mistake is made than the too common error that Pennsylvania is more con- cerned in the maintenance of protection than other States or sec- tions. There is probably no State which could better survive the overthrow of the tariff than Pennsylvania, with her inexhaustible natural resources and advantages, and she but pleads for the pros- perity of the whole country when she declares in favor of her own interests." 226 Presidents Arthur and Cleveland Ever since 1875 the Union League had abstained from taking part in the discussion or determination of municipal or State politics or elections. It had been League work deemed wise to limit suggestion and effort solely to in the city national interests. The city of Philadelphia was, how- ever, about to pass under the provisions of a new Act of Assembly (the Bullitt Charter), which greatly modi- fied its form of government and the character of the offices to be filled. The mayor of the city was there- after to be an official of such dignity and power that his qualifications became a matter of vital importance. If nominations had then been made, the Board would simply have urged members to weigh their action care- fully, but as no conventions had yet been called it was suggested that a committee of twenty-five members be appointed by the Union League to take public action on the election, selecting a worthy candidate for party support. This resulted in the nomination of Edwin H. Fitler, a member of the Union League, as the Re- publican candidate and his election as the first mayor of Philadelphia under the Bullitt Charter. The Union League House was draped in mourn- ing for the death of ex-President Arthur. " He was a man who laid aside the robes of office in higher ^eatlis of esteem and reputation than he enjoyed when he assumed them — the ex-President first Vice-President in the history of the Repubhc who, having Arthur, succeeded to the Presidency, met every friendly expectation and ^^"^'^^' won the respect and cordial esteem of all fair-minded men. Under ^^^ ^^^^ his administration the public service maintained a purity of char- j^jj^ Welsh acter which inspired confidence and challenged criticism. "Major-General W. S. Hancock and Hon. John Welsh had 227 The Union League of Philadelphia Union League House been specially honored by the League. One was among the fore- most of the distinguished soldiers of the nation, and the other a civilian whose long life was a benediction upon those with whom he was brought into contact. Pennsylvanians who recall Gettys- burg as the crisis of our Civil War can never think of the soldier without a feeling of gratitude for the conspicuous valor with which he led his troops on our soil ; while recollections of the dignity with which Mr. Welsh filled official station, and of the urbanity and unselfishness of his private life, fully justify a more than pass- ing tribute to his memory." The Art Association expended $1844 i^^ beautify- ing the Union League House. The roll was full, and a handsome surplus of income was laid out in exten- sive improvements, a new cafe, new toilet-rooms, new dining-room, new furniture and kitchen-ware. The main hall and secretary's office were artistically deco- rated in fresco by George Herzog, a member of the Union League, as a token of his interest in its progress. j^gnty. The political oudook is reported in 1887 ^s favor- fifth annual able to the Republican Party, and the Democratic report, 1887 majority in Congress has been reduced. Republican victory in the city "In its last report the Board called attention to the fact that the city of Philadelphia was about to pass under the provisions of a new Act of Assembly, which would greatly modify its form of gov- ernment, and that under this Act the office of Mayor would be one of such dignity and power that the question of the selection of a candidate by the Republican Party was one worthy of the gravest consideration. Responsive to this suggestion, the annual meeting appointed a committee to meet with committees from other organi- 228 o I 1- Presidents Arthur and Cleveland zations, and, as a result of the conferences which ensued, Mr. Edwin H. Fitler was nominated. He was elected by a large majority, and since his induction into office has been serving to the satisfaction A Union of our citizens and giving them an opportunity to form a candid league judgment as to the working of the new charter. The step taken by , ^"^ ^^ the League was one in accord with its record, and the recognition of the importance of its wishes and demands was most gratifying to your management." The Centennial of the adoption of the Constitution League of the United States was celebrated in Philadelphia in receptions September during three days. of the Con- "The League lent Itself with enthusiasm to the task of making stitution the event a memorable one. It threw open its doors to the guests who crowded our city, and on the evening of September i6th gave a grand reception to the officers of the army, navy, marine corps, and National Guard. The veterans of the late war, the officers now in service, and the citizen soldiery, from all sections of the nation, representatives of the peace and order of the States, thronged the building and partook of the hospitality so lavishly provided by the committee in charge. "In November a delegation of members of the British Parlia- Peace ment, accompanied by the Secretary of the Peace Association of ^'"Dassa- T J , . , , , . ^ dors from Jjondon, came to this country to advocate the making of a treaty Cj,g-iand through which all international disputes may hereafter be settled by arbitration. From the time of the Peace Congress held in Europe thirty years ago, there has been in this country and in Europe an endeavor, more or less persistent, in aid of universal peace. The active and intelligent people of this country and Great Britain are feeling the force of the arguments of philanthropy and economy in this direction, and hoping that an understanding will be arrived at which, if it will not absolutely prevent, will at least lessen, the frequency of wars. The League emphasized its adhesion to this hope by extending to the British delegation a cordial greeting on the evening of November yth." 229 The Union League of Philadelphia French naval guests President Benson The Meade Memorial The Army, Navy, and Consular Roll Later in November the French naval vessel " Mi- nerve" anchored in the Delaware, and the Union League, as an expression of the kindly feelings of America to France, added to the enjoyment of the officers visiting Philadelphia by entertaining them on the evening of November 23d. On his return from an European tour an enthusi- astic reception was given to President Edwin N. Benson. In October the monument to Pennsylvania's great soldier. General George G. Meade, was unveiled in Fairmount Park, and on the evening of October i8th the Meade Memorial Reception was given in the Union League House, and again the best citizens and soldiers mingled in social intercourse. The usual gratifying report is made respecting each department of the House. The limiting of membership is reported as having had excellent results. " Mem- bership is now too valuable to be forfeited." The Board announced their adoption of a resolu- tion admitting officers of the army, navy, and marine corps of the United States, and consuls of foreign governments (not American citizens), to the privi- leges of the Union League House, thus creating the " Army, Navy, and Consular Roll." 230 CHAPTER XIV PRESIDENTS HARRISON AND CLEVELAND 1888-1896 The Union League of Philadelphia celebrated the Twenty- great victory of 1888, which substituted President rep^t^^ggg' Benjamin Harrison for the retiring Democratic Chief Magistrate, by electing the new President and the Hon. Levi P. Morton, Vice-President, honorary mem- bers of their organization, and the compliment was graciously accepted. The report criticizes the policy of the late Adminis- Election of tration elaborately and with vigfor. It also traces P/^^"^^"* r 1 • Harrison the salient features of the campaign and indicates the general line of policy to be followed by the Republican Party, insuring a just tariff, an honest ballot-box, worthy office-holders, and general good government without fear or favor. " In this career the League should have a recognized influence, based upon its services to the Government and its position as a leader of political sentiment. In victory and defeat it has been loyal and devoted, and as it once more joins in the chant of the victors, it calls on the party to be true to itself, and to so act that it shall attract to itself from all sections, by its integrity, im- partiality, and efficiency." After a grand street parade by the Republicans of Philadelphia on November 17th, the Union League 231 The Union League of Philadelphia The Union League's twenty-fifth birthday Death of General Sheridan gave an informal but most successful reception to the Vice-President-elect and other eminent Republicans. On December 27th the twenty-fifth anniversary of the Union League of Philadelphia was celebrated by a banquet. Addresses were made by the President, Edwin N. Benson, George H. Boker, and James Milli- ken. General Philip H. Sheridan was an honorary mem- ber of the Union League. In referring to his death, in August, the report recalls General Grant's striking tribute: "Sheridan belongs to the very first rank of soldiers, not only of our country but of the world." Many improvements have been made, the finances are satisfactory, the membership complete, and every department flourishes. Twenty- The report of 1889 is signed by Silas W. Pettit seventh as Secretary, successor to Samuel B. Huey. It defends report 1880 President Harrison as having merited the full confi- dence of the people, which is accorded him. "Government is essentially a practical matter of everyday business, and grave questions of economic science present them- selves for solution and require wise legislation to enforce the deci- sion. The Republican Party has been restored to place because the people have approved and adopted those principles of govern- ment which it advocates, and they expect and demand that it will exercise the power conferred upon it to enact and enforce such laws as shall efficiently promote those principles. On no other ground can it expect to maintain its supremacy." 232 .# Silas W. Pettit Presidents Harrison and Cleveland It must preserve a free and equal suffrage, sustain sound finance, and give equitable protection to native industry. "To the Republican Party, which devised, framed, and en- jjje acted the system of customs laws under which we have so greatly Republican prospered, the country has committed the task, difficult and deli- programme cate but not impossible, to so adjust these laws that while produc- ing no more than the needed revenue they shall yet continue, en- force, and strengthen their protection to American industries, and enable the citizen laborer here to continue to successfully compete with the pauper and degraded labor of Europe. . . . The time to fulfill the pledges of our party has now come, and we may safely leave to President Harrison and the Republican Senators and Representatives the difficult task of devising, enacting, and en- forcing such laws as will preserve to the country domestic tran- quillity and financial prosperity, pledging them our earnest and hearty sympathy and support." The Hon. John Wanamaker, Postmaster General, Receptions was tendered a reception in April, which was a memor- able success. " In November the members of the League, with the ladies of their families, received the delegates to the International American Congress, accompanied by their wives and daughters. The occa- sion was a most brilliant and enjoyable one, and gave to our mem- bers an opportunity to personally meet the distinguished gentle- men who represent the nations of the two Americas, with whom it is to be hoped our future intercourse will be more frequent and considerable. ' ' By the abolition of "corresponding membership" the roll of active members was increased to 1322 through seventy-two of the former availing themselves 233 The Union League of Philadelphia Mortgage debt all paid of the privilege to become active members. This caused the suggestion that the limit of membership be raised to 1500. The entire first floor "is now finished in accord with the most modern and luxurious taste," and the Union League House was also equipped with elec- tric light. " The mortgage upon the League House was originally ^120,- 000, but in 1879 the debt was reduced to ^75,000 and a new mortgage for ten years was made for that sum. This has now been satisfied, and our membership are to be congratulated that now, for the first time in the history of our organization, our League House is free from any lien or incumbrance whatsoever. ' ' report, 1890 Twenty- One year ago, says the report of 1890, the Board eight annual congratulated the members on the fact that a Republi- can Congress had once again assembled. "But to-night we meet again under the shadow of a great re- verse, and with the knowledge that in the next Congress the Demo- cratic Party will have an all-powerful majority of more than one hundred in the House ; and it is proper that we should take coun- sel together as to what causes have produced this result and how they may best be counteracted." Election reverses After an examination of the main causes for distrust of the Administration policy, the report proceeds : "The McKinley bill has been in force but two months, and the Customs Administration Board, which will insure its just and equal enforcement, has but recently been organized, and it is much 234 Presidents Harrison and Cleveland too soon as yet to feel the real and final effects of its operation ; but if our convictions as to the results of a protective tariff are well founded, and we have the courage of them, we will surely win back to our party the support of the masses of the men who work and produce, and of all classes of labor, agricultural as well as manufacturing, who will find in the material prosperity which in- evitably follows diversified industries a good and unanswerable rea- son for supporting and maintaining in power that party which has immovably sustained honest finance, the security of property, and the protection of American industries ; and in that great work and glorious victory this organization has a duty to do and a part to fill, and will as a unit bear its share of the contest and partake in the victory. ' ' The Union League is congratulated on the decision of the Supreme Court of the State, supporting the action of the Directors in suspending a member who, being dissatisfied with their ruling, had appealed to the Courts : "It is wholly unnecessary at this time to recapitulate the facts Legal powers or justify the action of the Board of Directors and body of the of the Direc- League in that case. It is sufficient to say that the conclusion ar- '^""^ under rived at and the action taken was based upon the honest, impar- tial, and deliberate judgment of both bodies, and that the appeal to the courts made by the late member was in effect an attempt to subject our internal management to the supervision of courts whose rules and methods are not adapted, nor intended to be adapted, to the exercise of such jurisdiction. " The decision of the Supreme Court, in effect, is that under the charter conferred upon us by the State, and our By-Laws adopted pursuant thereto and in conformity therewith, we have the power and the right to expel from our membership any whose conduct and behavior give just cause for such action, and that, provided always the methods prescribed by our By-Laws are followed, and The Union League of Philadelphia notice given and a fair hearing had, we ourselves are the final and only judges of the justice of the cause for, and of the propriety of, such expulsion ; and it may be confidently asserted that in no other body will a member charged with delinquency find a more impartial or indulgent tribunal than in your Board of Directors, and in his own fellow-members of this League. ' ' Reception to General Sherman On April 14th, 15th, and i6th the House was thrown open to the MiHtary Order of the Loyal Legion, who were celebrating the twenty-fifth anniversary ot their organization. On the 15th a reception was given to General Sherman and the other officers. " On that night we had the pleasure of receiving here in our own House as many men whose public services justly entitle them to be called distinguished as were ever gathered together under one roof. The occasion was a memorable one, and abounded in pleasant incidents, mutual recognitions, and the renewal of old friendships formed in former days on fields of hardship and of danger. " The companions of the Order were assembled here from almost every State in the Union, and the Board has been gratified to receive on behalf of the League testimonials from the several commanderies, engrossed in form and duly attested by their re- spective seals, expressing their appreciation of, and thanks for, the hospitalities extended to them by the Union League on that occa- Entertain- ments Orchestral concerts were provided by the Music Committee at their expense ; on four of the evenings ladies were invited. A pool tournament was held during two weeks in March ; the victor of the compe- tition between the various clubs was Louis A. Flana- gan, a member of the Union League. 236 < a CO < Presidents Harrison and Cleveland Portraits Matthew Wilson presented to the Union League the portrait he had painted of WilHam C. Houston, who had retired after being President two years and Vice-President for ten. The portraits of John P. Verree and Charles E. Smith, also presented, completed the gallery of former presidents. A bequest of $5000 was announced under the will Library of the late George S. Pepper, a fellow-member, for the purchase of books. The membership of the Union League was in- increase of creased by an amendment to the By-Laws to 1400, ""^"^ ^"^^ and there were 196 candidates awaiting admission. "The financial condition continues to improve." " By the liberality of our former President, Mr. Edwin N. The Benson Benson, who contributed the large sum necessary for the purpose, Annex the billiard-room has been materially enlarged by an annex in which five additional tables have been placed, which adds much to the comfort and convenience of the large proportion of our members who find bodily exercise and mental recreation in the game, as well as to the finish and beauty of the House itself. " This instance of the discriminating liberality of Mr. Benson is but another of many acts of generosity evincing the deep and intelligent interest which he takes in the welfare of our organization ; and as we are mainly indebted to him for the beautiful memorial window at the head of the main stairway, and for the annex building itself, it has been decided to call this additional billiard-room by his name, and it will be hereafter designated the ' Benson Annex. ' " balance- The balance-sheet for 1890 shows assets valued sheet ten at $352,957 as against liabilities of $25,000. years ago 237 The Union League of Philadelphia The Secretary for 1891 is the Hon. WilHam Potter. The election of William McKinley as Gov- ernor of Ohio is hailed as Twenty- "a distinct triumph for protection, the McKinley bill, and an ninth annual honest financial policy. The battle in Ohio attracted the atten- report, 1891 ^^^^ ^^ ^^ governing powers of the world. Foreign interests were at stake. Exporters there, importers here, watched the result Reoublican ^^'•^ selfish but pardonable interest. The answer was a triumph for principles the American policy of protection. ' A tariff for revenue only ' triumphant is still, as far as America is concerned, a specter ; and, to use the exact words of the English prime minister, Lord Salisbury, ' England is still left alone to fight the battle of free trade.' . . . We can not too strongly impress upon the members of the League the importance of being strong and aggressive in our political faith. We feel that Republicanism was never so strong, never so progres- sive, as now." Union The members are congratulated on the election League work ^f ^j^gjj. associate, George D. McCreary, to the re- sponsible position of City Treasurer. The former incumbent had been prosecuted and imprisoned for malfeasance, and the exposure of criminal laxity in the affairs of the office told against Republican prospects, although a Republican Mayor and District Attorney had unearthed the frauds. The triumphant election of both State and city candidates demonstrated public confidence In the determined effort of the party to give pure administration. On Decoration Day the Union League had the honor of entertaining the President, the Secretary of theTresident ^^^' ^^^ Secretary of the Navy, and the Postmaster General. The attendance was large and distinguished. 238 Union League Medal Presented to General Meade (REVERSE* Presidents Harrison and Cleveland A subscription dinner was given in April to the Hon. Edwin H. Fitler, on his retirement from the Mayor- alty, in recognition of his pure and able administration of that office. A reception was given in May to the Hon. Edwin S. Stuart on his assuming the Mayoralty, the League felicitating itself on the honor thus con- ferred on two of its members. The eminent services to the Union of the late Death of General William T. Sherman, who died on February General 14th, were recalled, with sympathetic reference to his ^™^" great achievements. The Union League had presented a specially valu- General able gold medal to General Meade in 1866. His son, ^^, * ^ Colonel Meade, now gave it to the Union League for safe-keeping, and it was placed where it can be a con- tinual reminder of Pennsylvania's soldier son and his services to the Union. The George S. Pepper bequest netting $4762 The Pepper was received and handed to the Treasurer for use of t^e Mb^rary the Library Committee, to be known as the Pepper Library Fund. The thanks of the Board were ten- dered George Herzog, a member, for his exquisite painting of the panels in the Flemish Rennaissance room, his own design and work, and at his own expense. The Art Association presented a valuable and The astrono- , , , 111 mical clock unique astronomical clock, pronounced to be the most wonderful of its kind in the United States, which was placed near the entrance to the main hall. The Music Committee provided a series of Wednes- 239 The Union League of Philadelphia day evening concerts during the summer, besides four promenade concerts for members and their families. The membership roll of 1400 is, as usual, complete, with many waiting applicants. Thirtieth The report of 1892 is signed by Joseph G. Dar- annual Hngton as Secretary. The Republican Party sus- report, 1892 tained a defeat the causes of which are not very obvious. The year " had been one of unsurpassed material prosperity in this country. This amazing prosperity no doubt appears to careless observers as having come in the ordinary course of nature and not as a consequence of wise legislation. . . . The cry of class legislation was raised, and the laboring men in the East were told that they were being defrauded for the benefit of their employers, and that high protection bred trusts and monopolies which enabled the manufacturers to defend their illegitimate gains against compe- tition from any quarter." The second election of President Cleveland was a surprise to both parties, resulting, not so much through the success of Democratic principles, as from his personal standing. ' ' For the first time since the Union League was organized the national Government, in all its departments, is in the hands of men who are the representatives of views which we believe to be antago- nistic to progress, and who, on their record, are willing to wield power by trampling upon the right of suffrage. . . . We have been defeated in a campaign, but our principles still survive. The Board ventures to suggest that the League should now 240 Edwin H. Fitler Presidents Harrison and Cleveland emphasize its position as a leader in strong, aggressive political thought. Again and again in the past its voice has been potential, and it is so now whenever raised in advocacy or condemnation." It should use the coming- years to educate the people to an understanding of the economic questions involved in a discussion of the tariff, in the currency question, and in the eternal principles of right gov- ernment. President Harrison is warmly commended for his "able, honest, and distinctly American adminis- tration." The Hon. William Potter resigned as secretary Annointment upon being appointed Minister to Italy, an honor cor- of Secretary dially appreciated by the Union League ; and Joseph ^°^'^'' ^^ G. Darlington was elected his successor. Congratu- i^giy latory banquets were given Mr. Potter by his fellow- directors and also by members of the Union League. The number of members on the roll is 1500, the Membership full complement, with 306 candidates waiting. The a"d finance financial condition is pronounced satisfactory, although unusually heavy expenditures have been necessary. The Union League assumed charge of the entertain- ments hitherto maintained at the cost of the Music Committee for several years. The Art Association re- Art and ported a balance in hand of $2000, and enriched library the rooms with many articles of utility and beauty during the year. In the report of 1893, the overthrow of the Har- rison administration is canvassed for causes, with the 16 241 The Union League of Philadelphia Thirty-first conclusion that the defeat "was not the victory of the Democratic Party nor the triumph of Democratic prin- annual "' ciples. Rather it was the fusion of forces repellent to report, 1893 the genius of our institutions, which, by chicanery, by the use of money in politics, by the acceptance of crime, and by awakening the apprehensions of igno- rance and superstition came into power." A reaction Democratic in popular sentiment is already disernible. "Your tion blunders Board extends its congratulations to fellow-Republi- cans throughout the Union upon this revival of a patriotic spirit. It means a proud augury of success in coming campaigns." In undoing the good work of President Harrison, by casting aside the virtually annexed Hawaiian Islands, the Democratic govern- ment brought shame on the nation's flag and imper- iled the national interests. It was a policy unworthy of an American statesman. So was that implied in the " threat of the Secretary of the Treasury to change the relations of debtor and creditor as between the Government and those who had trusted to its honor," a reckless utterance, which precipitated the commer- cial disasters that followed before the year had closed. The free trade heresy is also referred to in warning words. The Union " The Board feels that the Union League is to-day in the League's presence of a crisis graver than any m its history since that which duty in the confronted its founders thirty years ago. ... It sprang, as crisis it were, from the earth in answer to a general alarm as to the safety of the nation. . . . Thirty years ago apprehension of rebel success had thrown the country into ruin. Our credit was gone. . . . There was no industry except the stern reonoto- 242 o X 3 I O Presidents Harrison and Cleveland nous industry of war. ... A year ago, and the country was on the crested, bounding waves of its highest prosperity. And now misery overspreads the land. Ruin, and such an outlook in the way of sorrow and privation as the country has never known. We realize that the greatest panic of the nineteenth century came with the advent of President Cleveland to office. . . . This war upon our homes and the happiness of our people, this effort to impose upon industry the yoke of a foreign financial despotism, this resolution to undo all that Republican statesmanship has done to consecrate and conserve what was gained by the sacrifice of so much treasure and so much blood, must be resisted to the end. ' ' Considerable space is devoted to the general ques- union tion of improvements. During the year the Union League League put in its own plants for electric lighting, cold storage, and ice-making. Twelve bed-rooms were added for the convenience of members. These, with other permanent improvements, were effected at a cost of less than $75,000. A proposal to increase the mem- bership, and possibly the tax, was suggested for con- sideration. Two special meetings were held in January to Deaths and pass resolutions upon the decease, in that month, of receptions ex-President Rutherford B. Hayes and Hon. James G. Blaine. Receptions were given to Hon. Robert T. Lincoln in December, and in April to President Clement A. Griscom and the officers of the Inter- national Navigation Company. The Lincoln recep- tion was in the afternoon, and was attended by a brilliant company of ladies. An Art Exhibition was held in the. assembly room Art from May nth to 27th, admission being limited to Association members and their families. It was declared the most 243 The Union League of Philadelphia Debate on qualification for member- ship successful ever held by the Union League, and exhibited a greater number of paintings than had been previously- collected at one time in the city. The attendance reached the large total of 23,600, exclusive of the opening night. A handsomely engrossed resolution of thanks was sent to the loaners of pictures and to the members of the Art Committee. The annual meeting was largely occupied with a stirring debate upon a report from a committee appointed the previous year to consider the quali- fications for membership in the Union League. The report proposed an amendment to the By-Laws, in substance requiring each candidate to declare alle- giance to the Republican Party, and empowering the organization to terminate membership when that allegiance ceases. This was opposed by the movers of several amendments, whose general contention was that the Union League's charter gives no authority for supervising or condemning a member's political opinions. The debate was good-humored and vigor- ous. It ended in the adoption of a resolution express- ing it to be the sense of the Union League that it is a distinctly Republican organization and ought not to admit inharmonious elements. Tliirty- The report of 1894 reviews the policy of President second Cleveland during the year, condemning his sub- report, 1894 servience to what he regarded as the " Mandate " from a political convention at Chicago, the operation of 244 Presidents Harrison and Cleveland which would shatter national credit and stagnate national prosperity. The Government tariff policy, it said, " was a combination of pedantry and piracy." "The enormity of the Sugar Trust business transcends any incident in American financial history. The administration which Democratic called Congress together to repeal the purchase of ^2,000,000 of misrule silver, for which, at least, whatever the market price of silver, there was some return, imposed upon the people a tax of $4,000,- 000 a month for which there is no return. . . . While the credit of the nation has been injured at home, its honor has been neglected abroad. . . . The foreign statesmanship of the Ad- ministration seems to have been bounded by Wall Street and the Rocky Mountains." Believing that the Democracy is incapable of saga- cious government, but "is simply a party of criticism, incompetency, and destruction," the Union League felt it a clear duty to take an active part in the autumn elections. A campaign committee was appointed, and during the election campaign it gave earnest efforts to serve the national cause. " This work was done in keeping with the teachings of the Union Union League as to purity in political methods. . . . No League work dollar of the modest sum raised by personal subscription was ex- pended except as directed by the League, and the accounts are held open for the satisfaction of any member." Its moral force was felt as a power for good. "In the splendor of that crowning victory it would have been a humiliation for the League to have had no part." It urges its members to redouble their efforts 245 The Union League of Philadelphia and more than merely sustain the enthusiasm inspired by the late victory. Union A waiting list of 700 candidates for membership League indicated the high degree of prosperity attained by the Union League. The structural improvements had been effected without disturbance of the finances. The Hon. George F. Edmunds, former Senator from Vermont, but now a citizen of Philadelphia, was elected an honorary member of the Union League on May 8th. The death of ex-Governor Andrew G. Curtin is referred to in a minute recalling the presentation of the medal of the Union League to him in August, 1863, i" recognition of his "merciless energy as War Governor, his activity on the battle-field, in the Execu- tive Chamber, in the hospital, and his earnest identifica- tion with whatever contributed to the comfort of the soldiers and the triumph of the cause." Library The Board placed a portrait of the late George S. Pepper in the Library in recognition of his legacy. During the year, 1759 volumes were added to the library. Important additions were made to the room — a large map-rack, a new book-case, and shelves. Special consideration was given to the matter of com- pleting the collection of books and cataloguing them. The report cordially expresses " the value of the ser- vices of the Librarian, Alfred Lee, giving due tribute to his fidelity, ability, and conscientious service, as well as his general knowledge of his profession." Entertainments were given by the Lincoln Club on February 12th, by the Grant Association on April 27th, 246 Presidents Harrison mid Cleveland and to the Admiral and staff of the Russian navy on June 2d. These banquets, and one to the Hon. WiUiam Pot- ter on his return from Italy, were not only notable for andTanquets their brilliancy, but for the presence of eminent citi- zens from various States. Receptions were given to Admiral Benham, U. S. N., on October 4th, to ex-President Harrison on December 21st, and on December 29th members and their families were received to inspect the improve- ments to the Union League House. Portraits were presented of the late Edward C. Knight and the Hon. Edwin H. Fitler, and a bronze bust of the late Charlemagne Tower. An Inter-club Billiard and Pool Tournament was A champion held, and in April a championship game of chess was '~^^^^ '"^'•'■^ played in the Union League House between W. Steinitz and Emanuel Lasker. The report of 1895 is signed by Joseph S. Neff jhirty-third as Secretary. The members are congratulated upon annual the Republican victories at the November elections, '■^P°'''^' '^95 an earnest of the overthrow of the Democratic Party in controlling national policy. The "Solid South" promises to awaken to the fact that its mate- rial prosperity and the development of its natural re- sources depend on the working of the Republican policies of protection to home industries and a sound a Cleveland financial system. For three years the country has had object-lesson a Cleveland object-lesson, or a series of lessons — 247 The Union League of Philadelplda " disordered finances, empty mills, deserted mines, bankrupt stores, and an idle population, able and will- ing to work but unable to find work." Republican success may be confidently anticipated next year. Receptions On January 5th a reception was given to Daniel H. Hastings, Governor of Pennsylvania, and on May 29th another to the Hon. Charles F. Warwick, Mayor of Philadelphia. On June 12th the delegates of the Inter- national Leaijue of Press Clubs, with their ladies, were tendered an afternoon reception. On September 2d Postmaster-General Wilson and prominent officials of his department were received on the occasion of the Philadelphia Letter-carriers' Parade. A masterly address was delivered on November 9th by the Hon. George F. Edmunds, on " Our Commer- cial Relations with Central and South America." Artworks A portrait of John Russell Young was added to the gallery of Presidents, and several works of art were received from the Art Association, also a Royal Worcester plaque of President Garfield, pre- sented by Mrs. James L. Claghorn, and a stained-glass window for the dome of the cafe in memory of Governor John W. Geary, presented by Dr. H. Earnest Goodman. Membership An amendment was adopted enabling members of fifteen years' standing to be elected life members on payment of $500 ; the number limited to one hundred, and the money thus accruing to constitute a perma- nent fund, no portion of which is to be used for current expenses. The limit of active members was fixed at 1600, exclusive of life-members. There were 977 24^ Presidents Harrison and Cleveland waiting candidates. Several adjacent properties were purchased and new improvements effected. The report of 1896 is signed by C. Stuart Patter- Thirty- son as Secretary. It opens with the impressive °^^ , reminder that the League was formed not primarily report, i8g6 as a social club, but " for the purpose of fostering and promoting the love of republican government and the preservation of the Union." It recites the resolutions adopted by the Directors shortly before union the meeting of the Republican National Convention League work at St. Louis, which pledged the League to work for " the maintenance of a national currency of stable value, and declared its opposition to the debasement of the national currency by the admission of silver to free and unlimited coinage at the arbitrary ratio of 16 to I," and followed up this resolution by appointing a committee of fifteen to prepare an address to be pre- sented to the Convention, urging It to adopt such a declaration In Its platform. This duty was faithfully performed. On June 25th the Union League, in special session, unanimously adopted resolutions ratifying the nomination of the Hon. William McKInley for Presi- dent and the Hon. Garret A. Hobart for Vice-Presi- dent. It further resolved " that the restoration of the prosperity of the Union and all Its citizens is depen- dent upon the return to power of the Republican Party, for only under a RepubHcan administration can there be protection to American industries, resistance to the 249 The Union League of Philadelphia Campaign- ing Election of President McKinley free coinage of silver, and the maintenance of the existing gold standard of value." A Campaign Com- mittee of fifty was appointed to act for the Union League in the Presidential election. Its Committee of Finance, under Vice-President Darlington, worked strenuously and with full success in its important department. Its Committee of Publication, under Samuel B. Huey, prepared, edited, and distributed 845,000 copies of pamphlets for voters here and in the South and West. Its Committee on Public Meetings, under Vice-President Plumb, cooperated with the Vet- erans' Committee in a series of meetings which were among the most effective of the campaign. Its Execu- tive Committee, under the Hon. William Potter, spared no exertions to aid the cause. After the Republican victory of November the Union League received the cordial thanks of the Republican National and State Committees for its effective service. The members are congratulated on the triumph of the principles embodied in the Union League's public declarations. A steadfast continuance of its educational work is urged upon the Union League, "numbering, as it does, in its membership many of the leading men of thought and action in this great city," that it may render "in the future as important services to the country as it has rendered in the past." On September 3d a public reception was given to His Excellency, Li Hung Chang, Viceroy of China. On August 6th the Hon. Marcus A. Hanna was enter- tained by C. Stuart Patterson, affording the members and leading citizens an opportunity to meet the emi- 250 I a. O I CO Presidents Harrison and Cleveland nent Chairman of the RepubUcan National Com- mittee. The Art Association is reported as having raised Art Associa- and expended ^20,000 on the notable works of art *'°" ^"'^ that adorn the Union League House. Further support is asked for its admirable and unselfish work. The steady growth of the library is reported. A scheme for the utilization of the newly acquired improve- properties was submitted, with plans for a ladies' res- ™^"'^^ taurant and other internal alterations and additions. Card-rooms were also provided for. On the morning of February 2d the Hazeltine Building, adjacent to the Union League House, took fire, seriously endangering the Union League property. " Under the efficient leadership of the late Vice-President Goodman, Vice-President Benson, and Superintendent Williams, the employees of the House so successfully protected your property that the damage resulting from smoke and water and the blistering of the paint on the exterior of the House and the breaking of windows was so slight that, upon appraisement, it was found to amount to only ^408, of which sum ^376 was paid by the insur- ance companies. Your Board has testified in a substantial manner your appreciation of the valuable services rendered on that occa- sion by Superintendent Williams. ' ' An adaptable electric illumination was purchased for permanent use on the Broad Street front of the Union League House. Action was taken on the deaths of President Deaths William C. Houston, Vice-President Dr. H. Earnest Goodman, the Hon. Edwin H. Fitler, and Joseph B. Townsend, a charter Director and Vice-President. 251 The Union League of Philadelphia Revision of The Board suggested the consideration of a com- prehensive plan of revision of the finances, which was advisable through the acquisition of new properties, involving new monetary arrangements. 252 CHAPTER XV PRESIDENT MCKINLEY 1897-1900 The report of 1897 is signed by J. Levering Jones Thirty-fifth as Secretary. It congratulates the members on the annual sound and creditable condition of its business affairs, and declares that the responsibilities of the Union League increase with its powers and opportunities. "The object of the men who have been associated with the The Union Union League and have formulated its political expressions has '-^ague as been that it should say nothing and do nothing that was not in the , highest sense for the best interests of the country. It has never arrayed itself with one class against another. It has never advo- cated a public measure which did not appeal to sound judgment and good morals. It has always said ' the League must do what is right.' It has been unaffected by temporary waves of political emotion, and by the seductiveness with which false theories have been sometimes presented. Such a power, resting upon tradition and history, increasing in authority with every year, must move wisely in the future. It must be endowed with the highest spirit of patriotism, and if every member will but determine that by virtue of his relationship to the Union League he pledges himself at all times and at any sacrifice to be a good citizen and to seek to make our government strong, upright, and invincible, there will be no force in the country that can accomplish more. . . . Your Board venture to believe that when the Union League assembles for deliberation it is governed by as unbiased a public spirit as can be found in any representative body in the country. It has no 253 The Union League of Philadelphia internal dissensions ; its members are drawn from every occupa- tion ; its temper is most catholic, and its objects are to protect and advance the best interests of the citizen. . . . Too large to be affected by personal influence, never seeking political power, responsive to progressive ideas, the Union League should be the most independent public body in Pennsylvania, because of its numerical strength, its splendid history, and the honorable and patriotic men that inspire it. . . . It will do its duty in the future as in the past, . . . inspired by a devotion to liberty, that will recognize neither wealth, class, nor section, and that will, above all, be dictated by wisdom and instinct with an undying love of country." Receptions to On May 14th a grand reception was tendered to and CabinTt President William McKinley and the members of his Cabinet. The President was escorted from his hotel by the President of the Union League and the Veteran Corps of the First Regiment of Infantry, N. G. P., under command of Colonel Theodore E. Wiedersheim. Company D, First Regiment, placed itself at the disposal of the Union League as an escort during the evening. Both military organizations were formally thanked for enhancing the dignity of the occasion. More than 2500 guests were present at this brilliant function, one of the greatest in the Union League's history. On March 12th a reception was given to the Hon. Boies Penrose on his election as Senator from Pennsylvania. The customary sub- scription dinner was held in commemoration of the birthday of Abraham Lincoln. On Washington's birth- day Charlemagne Tower, Jr., read a paper on "Earl Cornwallis and the Siege of Yorktown," and on March 13th Hampton L. Carson delivered an address on 254 President McKinley " Curiosities of the Law." Portraits of the late James W. Paul and J. Frailey Smith, a former Vice-President, were presented to the Union League ; also a paint- ing by P. F. Rothermel, presented by Samuel H. Roth- ermel. The fine military painting by GroUeron was Art collection presented to the Union League by the Art Association at a cost of ^2592. In recognition of the long and faithful services of Alexander W. Gilchrist, the head doorkeeper for a quarter of a century, who died in February, the Board appropriated $1755 for the payment of his funeral expenses and to give his widow a clear title to their home. Special attention is called to the report of the Library Library Committee announcing the completion of a new catalogue and the receipt of several valuable do- nations of books, including seventy-one volumes from Hon. George F. Edmunds, and a faithful copy of the Boydell Shakespeare, the bequest of the late Robert Eden Brown. The library now contains 8300 volumes. Eight hundred and sixty-four applicants await Membership admission, the limit of membership being fixed at 1800, exclusive of 150 life-members. The Hon. Charlemagne Tower, Jr., was appointed, Honor for in April, 1897, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Pie- j^^^l^'^ nipotentiary to Austria-Hungary. His resignation as Secretary was accepted, and J. Levering Jones was elected Secretary April 13th. On motion of Colonel R. Dale Benson a resolution was adopted at the annual meeting creating the "Ad- 255 The Union League of Philadelphia The Real Estate Advisory Board visory Real Estate Board " of the Union League, to consist of nine members, four to be chosen by the Union League members and five by the Directors. The four elected were Samuel S. Sharp, George Watson, James Butterworth, and Henry G. Michener. The five named by the Directors were Silas W. Pettit, Joseph G. Darhngton, James C. Brooks, Charles E. Pugh, and Edward T. Stotesbury. Mr. Darlington was appointed chairman and Mr. Butterworth secre- tary of the Advisory Real Estate Board. Thirty-sixth The war with Spain began on April 21, 1898. annual Qn March 8th, anticipating the outbreak of hostilities, the Union League adopted the following resolution and forwarded it to the President of the United States : report, iS The war with Spain The Union League sup- ports the President " The Union League of Philadelphia, which during the war of the Rebellion raised, armed, and equipped, and placed in the field nine regiments of infantry and a battalion of cavalry, hereby pledges to the President of the United States its loyal support in war and in peace, and congratulates him upon his steadfast efforts to maintain peace with honor. ' ' On August 13th, the day after the Peace Protocol was signed, the Union League telegraphed its con- gratulations to the President "upon the results of your wise leadership in the vigorous conduct of the war, and in the dictation of terms of peace which are honorable to the country, and which secure the ends for which the war was undertaken." 256 Souvenir of President McKinley's Visit to the Union League Peace Jubilee, October, 1898 President McKinley Philadelphia held a memorable Peace Jubilee, last- ing a week, and on the Civic Day, October 26th, the President was entertained at dinner by the Union jubilee League, followed by an extraordinarily brilliant re- Reception to ception to "the President Commander-in-Chief and *e President . ^^ r 1 A ^"" army the officers of the Army and Navy of the United and navy States," of whom many of the most distinguished officers attended. The decorations, orchestral and other fea- tures were on the most lavish scale, equaling any similar occasion famous in the records of historic re- ceptions. The lapse of time since the nation committed j^e Union itself to the victorious conflict with Spain had given a League's still deepening significance to the impressive utterance " ^^^nce of the Union League upon that momentous new depar- conquest ture in national progress. The gravity of the subject, and the epoch-marking nature of the Union League's pronouncement upon such an event at such a time, make abbreviation difficult without impairing the quality of the address in the report. "The year approaching its close is one of the most memorable The war in the history of our country. We have been engaged in a reviewed momentous conflict with a European power. We assumed without hesitation, in an honorable cause, the responsibility of entering upon a war of aggression. Everywhere victory accompanied our banners. So rapid have been these startling events that the terms of a treaty of peace are already being formulated. "The beginning of the war was unforeseen. The relations between Spain and the United States were, it is true, strained and unsatisfactory ; but it was believed that through diplomatic nego- tiation some solution would be found whereby hostilities might be averted. Suddenly came the terrible catastrophe to one of our 17 257 The Union League of Philadelphia war vessels in the harbor of Havana. The indignation of our countrymen knew no bounds. It was at this moment that the wisdom of President McKinley was signally displayed, and the action of the government determined by his resolute will. Our duty to "The liberation of the brilliant Queen of the Antilles from Cuba three centuries of galling thralldom is now assured. Her beauti- ful sister island, Puerto Rico, safely reposes under the flag of the United States. The former requires our assistance, and she must be generously aided by our statesmanship and by our power. No mercenary motive of commercial appropriation can permit us to forcibly make her our captive or arbitrarily to write her laws. She is guarded by the declaration uttered by our Government when it determined upon war ; and the honor of the Government will be inviolably maintained. " Cuba is inhabited largely by a people which has been de- prived of educational facilities, of wise and equal laws ; and her ascension to a state of essential civilization will, therefore, be slow, laborious, and gradual. During the interval she is entitled to be sheltered by the greatness and strength of this Republic, and en- couraged after years of patient and heroic struggle to establish a stable government. We should guide her feeble and alien steps toward liberty until civil order is restored, religious toleration se- cured, education diffused, and the capacity of self-government is attained. Then interest and inclination will at last ally her with the Union. This final event is inevitable ; it is a part of the destiny 'of the new world. The problem "A problem requiring the most thoughtful consideration has of the Philip- been presented for our solution in the great islands of the Pacific. P'n^s _ . "phe disposition of these splendid acquisitions is now under discussion by the Peace Commissioners appointed by Spain and by this country, and in conference at Paris. We are convinced that the demands of our diplomatic representatives, under the direction of the President and his Cabinet, will be just and moderate, and that they will be conceded. The outcome of the situation is awaited with profound interest. "The United States presents the spectacle of many nationali- 258 President McKinley ties slowly, but certainly, becoming anglicized. When the fusion is complete, its power will become irresistible, and, through com- merce and trade, the countries immediately adjacent will insensi- bly and finally adopt as their own its perfected language. If unagitated by too violent external questions, the period is not long distant when this result may be accomplished. To accomplish it. True pro- there are in our land profound problems with which to deal, requir- Sress a slow ing high political genius and demanding persistent devotion to settled political principles. The larger portion of our wonderful domain is still sparsely settled, means of communication insuffi- cient, and the surface only of its wonderful resources explored and utilized. Our industrial forces, whether expressed through the individual or in mechanics, will for centuries have here unlimited play. The soldier, the schoolmaster, and the statesman are still needed at home. Our energies in civilizing men, and securing a higher realization by them of their duty as citizens, must be con- stantly exerted in the sphere of our country as it now exists. European statesmen, dealing with countries of distinctly confined boundaries, may seek outlets for their population in Africa or the farther Orient. The unrest of the subjects of imperial governments may be thus quieted or satisfied, and a field for new commercial development secured; but the United States, with its boundless unoccupied territory, its unsurpassed resources, its ocean and inter- nal sea coast, which exceed that of all Europe, needs to proceed with caution in securing new acquisitions, inhabited by a people practically without religion, letters, or laws. We must not allow too vivid dreams of imperialism to disturb or endanger our present security and our steady, majestic progress. " It may be conceded that it is the rule of the victor to retain Justice at conquered territory or demand compensation ; but the motive of home and the war with Spain was not conquest. . . . abroad " The Union League will rely upon the wisdom and justice of the President. It has a firm belief in his prudence and in his sense of equity. It has, upon more than one occasion during the year, transmitted to him official words of confidence and encourage- ment. He has displayed great attributes, and is imbued with too 259 The Union League of Philadelphia Return of peace Reunifica- tion of the Union true and lofty a patriotism to allow unwise national action in this grave emergency. "Peace, benignant and creative, has returned to America. The pageant of a victorious army indeed lingers. The echoes of war are still faintly heard. Our triumphs remain with us. The domain devoted to free government has been extended. We have deep- ened the respect of the old world for our power and institutions. Europe, astonished at the rapidity of our movements and our con- clusive onslaughts, listens in respectful silence to our demands and our definitions of the rights of Spain. We have drifted into an unexpressed but tacit alliance with the British Isles against foreign aggression. The heart of old England — the great mother of modern States, whose sturdy language and lofty ideas of liberty have penetrated lands in every zone and continent — has thrilled toward her noblest offspring, and we have responded generously to this awakening. It is well it should be so. We possess the same ancestry, the same literature, the same aspirations. We have the same right to partake in the glory of her past as she has to claim relation to our own brilliant achievements. " But more important than the liberation of Cuba, the acquisi- tion of new empire, the extension of liberty, or a closer brotherhood with England, is the reunification of the Union. The heroes of the North and of the South, of the East and of the West, have followed with unfaltering courage the immortal flag of the Repub- lic. Their ranks will never again be broken. The memories of a different conflict will often be recalled, but an eternal compact of devotion to our country has been silently signed anew, sealed in the blood of her children. That compact will be sacredly kept while the seasons continue to return and the stars shine in the midnight sky. Henceforth we will write upon our triumphal arches in civic and military pageant the names of Manila, El Caney, and Santiago beside those of Lexington, Monmouth, and York- town. " It is important that the Union League shall more than ever demonstrate, as it assuredly will, its active sympathy with national affairs, and that it assist at all times in securing the adoption of 260 C. Stuart Patterson President McKinley sound political principles. It can materially aid the Republican Party by its authority, influence, and judgment. It can help the whole country by elevated views upon all public questions. Its adhesion to the doctrine of sound money has had a beneficial effect. Upon all national subjects, vital to our greatness and prosperity, at appropriate seasons its conclusions should be given. It should be attentive to legislation affecting the currency, taxation, the army, the navy, and our colonial dependencies. There can be no higher duty on the part of the organization as a whole than to endeavor to awaken in its members the constant purpose to act, in all things bearing upon our welfare as a nation, the part of honorable, vigilant, and patriotic citizens." The active members number 1 798 ; life-members, Membership 1 29 ; the army, navy, and consular roll, 43 ; total, 1970 ; with 970 awaiting admission. The condition of prop- erties and finance is reported as gratifying. A fine painting by Ridgway Knight has been paid for and presented, largely through the generosity of John H. Converse. The Art Association numbers 237 members. There are 8860 volumes in the library. As it was considered fitting to erect a memorial to the regiments raised by the Union League during the Re- bellion, a fund was formally started for that purpose, with contributions amounting to $562. The thanks of the Union League were given to The C. Stuart Patterson, President of the Union League, commission for his " able, patriotic, and self-sacrificing labors as a member of the Monetary Commission appointed by President McKinley, and for his stanch support of the Republican platform unreservedly for sound money and unalterably opposed to every measure calculated to debase the currency or impair the credit of the country." 261 Art works and library The Union League of Philadelphia Club nights Addresses were delivered on January 3d by Hon. George F. Edmunds and C. Stuart Patterson, on "The National Financial System," and "The Re- port of the Monetary Commission." Hon. John W. Procter, President of the United States Civil Service Commission, delivered an address, April 29th, on "The Commercial and Political Importance of the Nicaragua Canal." The Lincoln birthday banquet was given February 12th. Thirty- During the year peace had been concluded with seventh Spain, our sovereignty proclaimed over Puerto Rico report i8qq ^'^^ ^^ Philippines, a temporary protectorate estab- lished over Cuba, and as a result our population had been increased by more than 10,000,000, "principally Malays and those of kindred blood." The report of 1 899 says : Our problem ' ' These great possessions, separated by oceanic waters from in the"^ Orient °'^'^ ^^"^ country and occupied by foreign races, will impose upon us the discharge of grave and responsible duties, that will call into exercise the most skilful diplomacy and the profoundest knowledge of human nature and political institutions. The most complex social problems have been presented for solution. We are con- vinced that under the providence of God, and in the fullness of time, they will be wisely determined. " The cause of civilization, under the shield of the Republic, has been given a fresh impetus, at the same time, in two hemi- spheres. In the West Indies the Union has pledged itself to as- sist the Cubans, who have been struggling for half a century to secure the right to try the experiment of self-government. In 262 President McKinley Puerto Rico its authority is being exercised upon a basis of just provincial supervision. In the Philippines a destructive war has War in the been waging, since its acquisition, between a powerful element of """'PP'"*^ the native population and the United States. The most far-sighted could not have predicted this situation, at the commencement of hostilities with Spain ; but the results of war and racial movements are often beyond the powers of human calculation. " The center of the conflict has been Luzon — in size, produc- tions, and mineral wealth one of the greatest islands of the world. It has an area of 42,000 square miles, and a population of 5,000,- 000, composed of people speaking different languages. Some of its tribes are barbaric, some are semi-civilized. It is an island without laws, except those promulgated by Spain ; without a sys- tem of education, without literature ; with general political condi- tions which indicate that if left to itself the antagonism of races, civil dissensions, and internal warfare will preclude the establish- ment of any government where life, liberty, and property will be secure, and the rights of nations duly regarded. "The effectual conquest of the Philippines must of necessity be a long and arduous undertaking. It can not be accomplished by present victory, and by a merely military occupation, for time will be required to soften the bitter memories of one, and custom necessary to familiarize with the other. The conquest of the Filipinos will be complete only when they understand, by the conduct of American officials, by the concessions granted, and the civil rights secured to them, that the United States is not waging war for the purpose of appropriating their property, or against their personal rights ; when they understand that, however much the United States may believe in the advantage of a political and commercial relationship with them, it will not enforce its advan- tages to their detriment or injury. "There can be no hesitation in determining upon the general policy to be adopted. The actual situation should be regarded. ^^^ decision We acquired the Philippines partly by the triumph of our arms, and partly by purchase. Spain transferred with those rich and prosperous islands, upon which her oppressive hold was visibly 263 The Union League of Philadelphia The National conscience may be trusted relaxing, control over the principal race. It is a race which had already resisted Spanish exactions and was thrilling with newly awakened hopes of freedom. However crude the political concep- tions of these native islanders, they had tasted of liberty. They claimed the right to possess it. There is some foundation for their contention. Their disposition toward self-government, therefore, should be nourished, not trampled beneath the feet of a permanent soldiery. " There need be no distrust of the integrity and sense of jus- tice of the American people. Their deeds have shown their devo- tion to the cause of liberty. They will sustain the character they have won. They will prove that their unfaltering purpose in the Philippines is, through the establishment of equal laws, diffusion of education, the encouragement of agriculture, art, science, com- merce, and religion, to carry these islands one by one to a condi- tion of stable civilization, and by control, union with, or other- wise, as events may determine, establish upon the borders of Asia a government so strong, just, and adequate that its beneficent influ- ence will extend to adjacent lands. The American people have assumed this responsibility and will not shrink from it. " It is true that there are infinite difficulties to be overcome. They can not be too gravely estimated. The races of the tropics and of the temperate zones do not amalgamate. They are governed by different impulses, resulting from particular habits and climatic conditions, and they are separated by racial charac- teristics existing for thousands of years. Their points of view upon subjects relating to education and to government must always be distinctive; but it is also true that there is one force that is bringing all nations into closer mental contact. To this we may turn with confidence. Upon it we place our reliance. It repre- sents the greatest of all the social forces that ever existed — it is the colonizing, commercial, religious spirit of the Anglo-Saxon. The movement of this race with civilization in its train is historic. It overrides all obstacles. This movement will end only when it has circled the globe : not that this race will conquer all others, but it will so environ them with its language and its institutions that it 264 President McKinley will become the source of the political and the moral ideas most widely diffused among men. " There were indications after the last Presidential campaign The silver that the heresy of the coinage of silver, without regard to intrinsic question value, had substantially disappeared ; but there are utterances in the Democratic ranks which imply that this pernicious idea may be again artfully advocated. The thoughtful element of the country will array itself against the doctrine that silver can be changed into coin except upon the basis of its relative value with gold, as used in the arts and in commerce. No government can afford to substitute in place of the actual value of a metal, as established by trade, a fictitious and arbitrary value, sought to be placed upon it by specious theorists, indifferent to the consequences of the adop- tion of their opinions. This; cause of sound money and of indi- vidual and national prosperity are indissolubly linked together. The gold standard will be maintained, for it means the preservation of property, and the preservation of values. "In the coming session of Congress a law should be enacted clearly eliminating the question of the stability of our currency from the field of future discussion. An honest nation will permit no doubt as to the integrity of its monetary system. The Union League has already, by resolution, spoken in emphatic language upon this subject. " It must be the aim of the Republican Party, as heretofore, to insure protection to labor and to capital. The two are depen- dent upon each other. Under our fortunate system of govern- ment it is out of the ranks of the vrorkingmen that the possessors of wealth arise. The great end to be obtained in legislation, relating to either capital or labor, therefore, is that, in the fluctuat- ing conditions that affect business, laws are made considerate of each interest, and equitable. It may be accepted as a maxim in finance that small profits permit the payment only of low wages. It is important to all classes that our industries should be prosper- ous, both to those who sustain them with their fortunes and those who derive support from them by manual labor. " It is desirable also that national legislative action should be 26s The Union League of Philadelphia Motto of the Union League taken to secure a sufficient waterway, in the interest of commerce, at some practicable point, between North and South America, con- necting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. " The management of the affairs of the Union is in the hands of wise and experienced statesmen. The present Administration has courage, its views are comprehensive, it is patriotic, it will be guided by sound principles. It has the unqualified indorsement of the Union League. It will be efficiently sustained by it. "It is the responsible office of the Union League to endeavor to aid by the conservative expression of its opinions in the deter- mination of vital public questions. Its object is not to live pas- sive and tranquil amid great events, and take no part in stimulating the movement of our country toward a more elevated plane of thought and action. The motto of the Union League, revealed in every period of its honorable career, is ' Love of country leads,' — Amor patria ducii. It is this sentiment that is breathed in as one walks through our historic rooms. It may be read upon the battle- flags that adorn our halls. It can be traced in the silent faces that look down upon us. It is an inspiring thought, deep in the heart of every member, and to which, we believe, all have pledged a perpetual and an unwavering allegiance." Membership and finances Art Associa- tion The number of active members on the roll was 1798; life-members, 150; army, navy, and consular roll, 40; total, 1988 ; with 11 30 candidates for admis- sion. "The finances have never been more judi- ciously and economically managed than during the fiscal year which has just terminated," and the Union League has a balance over liabilities of ^28,446. Owing to lack of funds, the balance in hand being only $961, the Art Association has been unable to make additions to the Union League's art treasures this year, but the membership are relied upon for sub- stantial support. During its existence it has expended 266 President McKinley ^40,000 on paintings and sculptures for the adorn- ment of the Union League House. During the Thirty-third National Encampment of TheG. A.R. the Grand Army of the Republic, in Philadelphia, Encampment September 4th to 9th, the Union League extended the courtesies of the House to two hundred and nineteen of its official representatives, and any ex-Union soldier in uniform was admitted to view the interior. Besides the permanent electrical display, two highly artistic decorated columns were erected at the street corners on Broad Street, on which were the names of twenty- eight of the original members of the Union League. Among the names of the forty-two members who Deaths died during the year are F. Carroll Brewster, Alex- ander Biddle, Joseph Storm Patterson, Lindley Smyth, Charles J. Stille, Frank Thomson, and John Russell Young. Appropriate tributes were paid to these, and the portrait of former President Young was added to the gallery. At the previous annual meet- ing a resolution of sympathy with Joseph Storm Pat- terson in his severe suffering was passed on motion of Colonel R. Dale Benson, who, speaking with the experience of an intimate friendship of over forty years, characterized Mr. Patterson as a most devoted member and servant of the Union League. He origi- nated the Art Association, projected the active life- roll, which has enriched the treasury by ^75,000, and proposed the acquisition of the various properties which have so greatly added to the importance of the Union League. On February 4th the Union League entertained 267 The Union League of Philadelphia at an elaborate banquet the United States Peace Commissioners, Hon. William R. Day, Hon. Cushman and banquets K. Davis, Hon. William P. Frye, Hon. George Gray, and Hon. Whitelaw Reid, who afterward held a re- ception, attended by 1782 persons, among whom were many distinguished publicists. President McKinley expressed his "uncommon regret" at his inability to be present. On November 17, 1898, the Hon. Charles Emory Smith was tendered a reception on being appointed Postmaster General. The Lincoln Dinner was held in February, but a terrific storm and blizzard pre- vented the attendance of Senator Albert J. Beverldge, of Indiana, who had been invited as a guest. Three days later he delivered his address, " For the Greater Republic — not for Imperialism," at a luncheon given in his honor by J. Levering Jones, Secretary of the Union League. Club nights Qn March nth Adam Everly read a paper on "Edwin Forrest." On April 8th the Hon. John M. Thurston, Senator from Nebraska, delivered an ad- dress on "Our Foreign Policy." On April 27th Presi- dent McKinley was the guest of Mr. John H. Con- verse at the Union League, on the occasion of the unveiling of the General Grant statue in Fairmount Park and the celebration at the Academy of Music in the evening, at which the President made an address. On May 27th Rear-Admiral Sampson, U. S. N., was entertained by the President of the Union League, followed by a reception of members. The most elaborate and successful of the entire 268 President McKinley series of Art Receptions was given in May, from the nth until the 27th. There were 243 paintings, besides sculptures, their value being estimated at lq^jj g^^j^j. $1,530,000. The expense of the Exhibition was $4658, bition of which $2986 was for insurance. The attendance of members and visitors numbered 47,434. On April nth it was resolved as the result of a Founders' suorprestion by M. Riebenack, one of the Directors, ^^^ ^"""^' '=°. , ,. . dinner to give an annual dmner in commemoration of the Founders of the Union Club and the Union League, on the fourth Saturday of November, limited to mem- bers and invited guests. It was also resolved " that, a history of for the purpose of making a permanent record of the ''^^ Union part which the Union League has performed as a social and civic body in the life of Philadelphia and the nation, a committee of ten be appointed ... to take such action directed to the preparation and pub- lication of a history of the Union League as they may deem expedient." League 269 Successful finances CHAPTER XVI PRESIDENT MCKINLEY'S SECOND ELECTION 1900 Thirty- This interesting recital concludes with the annual eighth report for 1900, signed by Dimner Beeber as Secre- report igoo tary. It shows that the bonded indebtedness of the Union League was reduced, during the fiscal year ending October 31, 1900, by a sum exceeding twenty thousand dollars, of which ^9166.67 was paid on ac- count of the sinking fund, as required by the terms of the mortgage for the reduction of bonds, and ^11,000 was paid in reduction of the mortgage on the Fifteenth Street and Moravian Street properties. The number of active members on the roll on the 31st of October, 1900, was 1800. No new work of art had been added to the Union League by the Art Association during the year, although there was a fund of more than $1800 in the hands of the Association. It was thought, however, that this sum was too small to procure an article creditable to the Union League. Renewed efforts are to be made to increase the amount, so that there may be continued additions to the many art treasures in the Union League House. On the 2 2d of November, 1899, at a special meet- 270 President McKinley's Second Election ing, an appropriate minute upon the death of Vice- President Garret A. Hobart was adopted in the fol- lowing form : " The Union League of Philadelphia has heard with profound Death of regret of the death of Vice-President Garret A. Hobart, a mourn- Vice-Presi- ful event which has stricken this community with a feeling of great Hobart sorrow. The Union League testifies its high appreciation of the virtues of the deceased statesman, and expresses its regret that the services of so eminent a citizen and so sincere a patriot are lost to his country. His ability and manly qualities, as well as his fortitude when stricken with fatal disease, have endeared him to all the people ; and the integrity and sincerity of the man, the popular estimation of which originally called him to the exalted office of Vice-President of the United States, have been continued in his admirable bearing in the discharge of his duties as President of the Senate, thus confirming the wisdom of the choice made by the people. The Union League records this minute testifying the profound regret of all its members at his death, and extends its sincere sympathy to his bereaved family." A copy of this resolution was properly engrossed and sent to Mrs. Garret A. Hobart, who acknowl- edged its receipt in a letter of grateful recognition of the courtesy of the Union League. In compliance with the resolution of the Board of Directors passed April ii, 1899, directing that there F'rst should be held on the fourth Saturday of November ^ dinner a Founders' Day annual dinner, the first dinner was given by the Union League on the evening of Novem- ber 25, 1899, an elaborate banquet, at which 170 members were present. Appropriate speeches were made by the President of the Union League, and by Silas W. Pettit, Dimner Beeber, Hon. John D. Long, 271 772^ Union League of Philadelphia Club nights Secretary of the Navy, and Professor J. G. Schurman, President of the PhiHppine Commission and of Cornell University. These speeches were printed in pamphlet form and distributed among the members. The ban- quet was attended by many distinguished men repre- senting the varied interests and pursuits of life, and the occasion was an unqualified success. In pursuance of the policy of inviting distinguished ^(j "*""' men to discuss from its rostrum interesting questions addresses of the day, Hon. Charles Emory Smith, Postmaster General, on January 31st, delivered the first address to the Union League for 1900, entitled "The Philippines and Commercial Expansion." The second address was on March 17th, by Hon. William P. Frye, President pro tem. of the United States Senate, and Senator from the State of Maine, whose subject was "Expan- sion of Territory — Expansion of Trade." The third address was on March 31st, by Hon. Lyman J. Gage, Secretary of the Treasury, upon " Business Vicissi- tudes — A Backward Look." The fourth address was by Hon. Joseph B. Foraker, Senator from Ohio, on the 2 1st day of April. His subject was "The Puerto Rico Bill." All these addresses were well worthy of their distinguished authors, and were listened to by a very large part of the membership of the Union League with great interest and profit. On March 22, 1900, the President of the Union League tendered a dinner to the Chief Justice and Associate Justices of the Supreme Court of Pennsyl- vania. Besides the Judges of that Court, many of the Judges of the Superior Court of Pennsylvania and 272 Charles E. Smith President McKinley' s Second Election of the Common Pleas Courts of the city and county of Philadelphia, and of the United States Courts, were in attendance, as well as distinguished lawyers and citizens. Mr. Charles E. Smith, a former President of the Death of Union League, having died on the 15th of April, a ex-president meeting of the Board was held three days afterward, Charles E. at which the following resolution was adopted : "It is with deep regret that the Board of Directors of the Union League learns of the death, on the 15 th of this month, of Mr. Charles E. Smith, a former President of the Union League. His loyal devotion to the Union League, and his untiring and unseliish service to it, merit recognition. "Mr. Smith became a member of the Union League on the 14th day of January, 1863, only seventeen days after its organiza- tion. He was in cordial sympathy with its purpose, and cheerfully gave unremitting labor in its service. His great industry, alert activity, and unflagging zeal, which had already made his career in business a notable success, were valuable contributions to the com- mon efforts of the Union League in support of the maintenance of the Union. His knowledge of practical affairs, his executive ability, and his unceasing toil for the cause of the Union received due and grateful recognition from the civil authorities at Washing- ton. The Union League itself put its stamp of approval upon his patriotic service by electing him to its Presidency for the years 1877 and 1878. He presided over its deliberations and guided its activities with great credit alike to himself and to the Union League. Inspired by civic pride, he consecrated his abilities to the encouragement of many of the societies and organizations devoted to the maintenance and development of the scientific, social, and literary interests of his native city. He was an affable gentleman, a sympathetic friend, a successful man of affairs, and a patriotic citizen. His life was a real service and his death is a real loss to the Union League and to the community. ' ' 18 273 The Union League of Philadelphia President McKinley's renomina- tion The Republican National Convention, to nominate candidates for President and Vice-President of the United States, was held in Philadelphia in June, at which President William McKinley was renominated for President, and Hon. Theodore Roosevelt, Gover- nor of New York, was nominated for Vice-President. During the Convention the privileges of the Union League were extended to many of the distinguished delegates in attendance. On the i6th of June the officers and Directors of the Union League gave a brilliant banquet to Senator Marcus A. Hanna, the Chairman of the Republican National Committee, which was attended by members of the Cabinet, of both of the legislative branches of the Government, of men prominent in civil life, and by many of the men who were candidates for the Vice-Presidential nomination. On June 21st, when the nominations of the Con- vention were announced, the following telegram was sent by the President of the Union League : Congratu- lations " To THE President, Executive Mansion, Washington, D. C. : "Greetings and congratulations from the Union League ol Philadelphia, with assurance of enthusiastic and loyal support to secure your triumphant re-election. "Joseph G. Darlington, President." which was replied to by the following telegram from the President : "Executive Mansion, Washington, D. C. ' ' My dear Mr. Darlington : Your congratulatory message on 274 President McKmley's Second Election behalf of the Union League of Philadelphia has been received, and I assure you that it is cordially appreciated. "Thanking you for your kindly expressions, believe me to be, ' ' Very truly yours, " William McKinley. On June 25th a special meeting of the Union President McKinley's nomination League was held for the purpose of ratifying the nominations of the Convention, at which the following ratified resolutions were adopted : " Resolved, That the Union League hereby ratifies the nomina- tions of the Hon. William McKinley, of Ohio, for President of the United States, and of the Hon. Theodore Roosevelt, of New York, for Vice-President of the United States, and hereby pledges its energetic and unswerving support to them and to the principles enunciated in the platform of the Republican Party. ^^ Resolved, That the Republican Party's restoration of adequate protection to American industry, its resistance to the free coinage of silver, its successful establishment of a stable currency, and its triumphant conduct of a foreign war, all alike vindicate its claim to the approval of the considerate Judgment of the American people, and its unflinching devotion to its patriotic principles en- titles it to a renewed mandate from the people. ''Resolved, That the President of the Union League be and he hereby is authorized and requested to appoint a campaign com- mittee of fifty members of the Union League, of which committee the President shall be chairman, whose duty shall be to act for and on behalf of the Union League in assisting to secure the success of the Republican Party in the Presidential campaign of 1900." In pursuance of these resolutions, the President appointed a committee of fifty from the membership as a National Campaign Committee to act for and on behalf of the Union League in assisting to secure the 275 The Union League of Philadelphia Union League campaign committee success of the Republican Party. The committee aided the National Republican Campaign Committee by raising funds to be used in the dissemination of political literature during the campaign, and whilst it was not deemed necessary to hold many political meetings in our own State, the committee did, how- ever, on October ist, hold one meeting in the Academy of Music, which was presided over by the President of the Union League, and addressed by Mr. Silas W. Pettit, and by Hon. Henry Cabot Lodge, Senator from Massachusetts. After the campaign was over the Board of Directors congratulated the Union League upon the victory, and in the annual report expressed its views of the pend- ing questions of the hour as follows : Republican success approved ' ' We cannot close this report without congratulating the Union League upon the overvvhehning success won by the Republican Party in the last national campaign. The renewed lease of power given to the present Administration by an electoral majority beyond the expectation of the most sanguine, and by a popular majority unprecedented in the history of the country, stamps the emphatic and deliberate approval of the American people upon it, and ex- presses their belief that the welfare of our prosperous country is most secure by a continued maintenance of Republican principles. Republicanism is triumphant because tbe sober sense of an en- lightened people approves of it. It has been the lot of the Repub- lican Party ever since it was formed to be charged with the solution of many and intricate problems, some of which were quite novel, and not always to be determined by established precedents. It is safe to say that no Administration since that of Abraham Lincoln has had thrust upon its consideration so many new and perplexing questions as have been met and solved by the present one. The 276 President McKinley s Second Election new importance of our country in the family of nations, caused by the results of the recent Spanish war, — which results could not Republican have been foreseen by the most penetrating eye, — -carries with it P°"'-y '" 1 • , ■> • 1 -1 -T^- ^ , new foreign new and increased duties and responsibilities. Our response to the „nccpc<:innc situation must be determined by the best judgment and wisest counsel of the ablest statesmen of our country. The honor and integrity of our Republic are, for the present at least, to be main- tained and preserved in our foreign possessions. Whilst no one can pretend to predict what will be the final outcome of the situa- tion, all can agree that we are charged with the duty of maintain- ing our power with honor, and imposing our influence with credit and advantage to the inferior race. Should the final decision be that our flag is to remain in these foreign possessions, it becomes us all to see to it that we are there as a civilizing influence, ameliorat- ing the condition of the unfortunate, maintaining and extending the supremacy of the law, and administering equal and exact jus- tice to all. Should the final determination be that we shall with- draw our flag, we must see to it that our rule there, whilst it lasted, shall have been an object-lesson in the science of just and equal government, and that we leave with credit to ourselves and advan- tage to the natives. In the mean time, it is fortunate, indeed, that the helm of state is in the hands of a veteran statesman, who is sustained and guided by an experienced Cabinet. The history of his country is an open book to him. The purposes of the Con- stitution, its limitations and its powers, the instincts of the common people, the new demands of social, industrial, and commercial growth, are all alike known and appreciated with unerring instinct by the man whom Providence has placed at the head of our national force. His wise and patriotic course through the multitu- dinous and bewildering difficulties which confront him was the supreme test of the wisdom of the basic principles upon which our institutions are founded ; that the mature and enlightened judgment of an educated people is capable of establishing and maintaining a government equal to all the intricate problems that are incident to a highly civilized state of society. " It is too early for the American people to give a final deci- 277 The Union League of Philadelphia sustained sion on the great question of expansion. Free and full discussion is required, and will be had, uninfluenced by imaginary ghosts of Republican militarism and imperialism. The train or events that will come P^j^*"^^^^ with the present situation in Puerto Rico and the Philippines will be met with calm judgment, and disposed of in the light of present- day wisdom. All that is asked of the civilized world to-day is, that it will believe that the liberty-loving people of this country will not look with hostile eyes upon the aspirations of any people for civil liberty. The first demand of the hour is that these islands must be saved from the evils of anarchy, as well as from those of despotism. Civilization could never condone the offense of sur- rendering law and order to the tender mercies of a backward nation. Safety of person and security of property are indispens- able while the great question is under discussion and development. What shall be done finally, and when it shall be done, are ques- tions whose solution will not be aided by a precipitate policy ot scuttling — least of all if we should retire under the fire of insur- rectionary forces. It is sufficient vindication for the present to say that a solemn treaty, ratified by representative officials of both parties, imposes upon us the responsibility and the burden of main- taining peace, security, and order, which cannot be shirked at the demand of a minority of the people affected. "As we progress toward a final settlement of the questions in- volved, we must not delude ourselves with the belief that our fathers were wise enough to forecast a line of national policy imperative under all circumstances and for all time. They made no such claim themselves, for they were quite capable of comprehending that their conduct in the contest in which they were engaged was itself an assertion of the now unquestioned right of the people to adjust their government to meet the demands of the age. Vener- able theories of government were challenged, and whatever their judgment decided to be unsuitable to them was promptly repudiated. It is inconceivable to suppose that the same men who devised and constructed a new form of government, based upon principles ex- tracted from the experience of the whole civilized world, would imagine for one moment that they were saying the last word upon 278 President Mc Kinky' s Second Election the science of government. On the contrary, they acknowledged the fallibility of their own judgment by providing for amendments to their work, which were to reflect the best judgment of each passing age of what was best suited to the necessities of the time. Inadequate, indeed, will be the judgment of the present day if it fails to note that the flight of one hundred years, crowded with the evidence of man's most marvelous development in every field of human activity, has presented problems that must be solved in the light of the present time. If we are to profit by this growth, we must not allow our course to be deflected by slavish adherence to ancient precedents, unless their binding force commends itself to our own judgment. After all, it must ever be true that a nation must stand or fall by the skill with which it comprehends all the elements of the question with which it is confronted. " It must be quite clear that our relations with foreign powers Our foreign may be altogether different when we are separated from them by relations months of time and distance, from what they would be, or ought to be, when only hours divide us. The annihilation of time and space, accomplished in the last hundred years, has knit together more closely than ever the interests of each nation with those of the others. Each is therefore more concerned in the welfare of the other than ever before, and, as a consequence. World-politics has a new meaning to all the civilized nations. The statesmanship that does not recognize this fact is inadequate to the situation. The people themselves acknowledged this truth, because they did not allow themselves in the last campaign to be influenced by frantic appeals as to what were called the traditions of the fathers. They knew their traditions and constitutional doctrines. At the same time, they were liberal enough and wise enough to know that the doctrine of the fathers could not be expected to contain all that could be known of the necessities of the future. Human progress cannot be ' cribbed, cabined, and confined ' within the limits of an inelastic formula. Growth is a law of nature, and expansion is one of its incidents — the destruction of the one is the death of the other. ' ' With quiet confidence we must enter upon the task of ad- 279 The Union League of Philadelphia Arraying the masses against the classes justing our relations with our foreign possessions. Time will aid in dispelling the distrust of us by the recalcitrant few who have not yet understood our kindly purposes, and patience will not let the vexation of sluggish progress prompt us to rash and intemperate measures. Whatever progress they may have made toward high modern civilization ought to be sustained and encouraged. We ought to be quick to see and be glad to welcome all those who are best equipped to take part in self-government, and at the same time we ought to decline to turn absolute control over to a very small number, however intelligent they may be. We have long since learned that the safety of the people depends upon the level of its average intelligence, and until the safe average is reached we should not surrender them a prey to faction at home and avarice abroad. "It is with a note of alarm that we call attention to one pecu- liar feature of the last campaign. It is the first time in the history of the country when an open, bold, and defiant attempt was made to array the masses against the classes. The leader of the opposi- tion, departing from the high standards set by all leaders in prior campaigns, did not hesitate to pitch his argument upon the low plane of an appeal to the prejudices of the unfortunate poor and the discontented. No one can view with anything but concern the attempt to teach the doctrine that the government is responsible for the inequalities of life, or that it is a conspiracy against the rights of the many for the benefit of the few. We cannot fail to regard this feature of the last campaign as a portentous omen. Whether we care to admit it or not, unmistakable signs exist of the approach of the time when the question of social democracy must be determined in this Republic. It is well for us that this question will come slowly. The discussion that follows any phase of it will serve to enlighten and instruct the people in the fundamental prin- ciples upon which our government is based. Whilst we need not despair of the final result, we should not shut our eyes to a clear perception of the approaching question, and we must resolve to meet the different phases of the question as they arise with determ- ined courage and firm loyalty to our principles." President McKinley's Second Election The second Founders' Day was observed on Sat- Second urday evening, November 24th, by the most briUiant D°ay"dhiner banquet ever given during the existence of the Union League. The occasion was so significant, the guests were so unusual and distinguished, and the utterances so historic, that it is deemed appropriate to accord it a distinctive chapter. CHAPTER XVII FOUNDERS' DAY The Union League's most elaborate banquet 1900 Founders' Day was observed on Saturday evening, November 24, 1900, by a banquet, which, in elaborate detail and feature, surpassed any previous function in the history of the Union League. The Union League has had the honor of entertaining most of the eminent men of our country, whose personality and deeds have left an enduring impress upon the national life, but it remained for Founders' Day, 1900, to bring together the most remarkable company of distinguished public men ever assembled at one time within its walls. The banquet hall was elaborately decorated with the national colors, and the beauty of the room greatly enhanced by a magnificent display of the rarest flowers. The President of the United States and his Cabinet came from Washington by special train, reaching Phil- adelphia at half-past three o'clock, and were met on the railway station platform by the members of the Guest and House Committees. The First Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry acted as guard of honor, and escorted the President and his Cabinet to the residence of Edward T. Stotesbury, where an informal reception was held. At six o'clock the President left the residence ot Founders' Day Mr. Stotesbury, accompanied by the President of the Union League, and was escorted by a platoon of mounted poHce to the Union League, where his Cab- inet Ministers were assembled to receive him. The banquet was served at half after six o'clock. The guests of the Union League were : The President of the United States, William McKinley, 'r^. ■,^ ■ ' ■" The Union Hon. John Hay, Secretary of State, League's Hon. Lyman J. Gage, Secretary of the Treasury, guests Hon. John W. Griggs, Attorney General, Hon. Charles Emory Smith, Postmaster General, Hon. John D. Long, Secretary of the Navy, Hon. Ethan A. Hitchcock, Secretary of the Interior, Hon. James Wilson, Secretary of Agriculture, Hon. William A. Stone, Governor of Pennsylvania, Hon. Theodore Roosevelt, Governor of New York and Vice- President-elect, Hon. Henry Cabot Lodge, Hon. Edward O. Wolcott, J. Pierpont Morgan, George B. Cortelyou, Right Rev. O. W. Whitaker, D.D., and the surviving founders of the Union League : A. J. Antelo, Abraham Barker, Clarence H. Clark, Jay Cooke, Ferdinand J. Dreer, Frederick Fraley, William S. Grant, Hon. J. L Clark Hare, James Milliken, John Sellers, Jr., William Sellers, and Ellis Yarnall. The memorable events of the evening are best described by direct quotation from what was then uttered. Joseph G. Darlington, President ot the Union League, upon the conclusion of the dinner, said : "Gentlemen of the Union League: If it were possible for those good and true men, whose memory this function is intended 283 The Union League of Philadelphia address to recall, to look upon this scene, I am sure their hearts would re- joice as they realized that upon the foundation laid by them thirty- President eight years ago there had arisen this great organization ; and as they Darlington's realized that throughout this long period there had never been the ^Mr^t °'^-*' slightest deviation from the principle they established as the first qualification of membership, ' absolute and unswerving loyalty to the national Government,' again would they rejoice ; and as they saw, sitting in our midst, as the guest of honor, the distinguished President of the United States, surely their hearts would be glad, as they realized that the Union League of 1900 had been engaged in the same loyal service as the Union League of 1862. " The Union League of Philadelphia was founded and organ- ized for the specific purpose of ' fostering and promoting the love of republican government,' and aiding in the preservation of the Union of the United States, and to this end assisting the President in defending this Union against the assaults of men who were doing everything in their power to destroy the greatest Republic that the Almighty ever permitted man to create. I venture to assert that when the heart of the immortal Lincoln was bowed with grief at the bare possibility that his efforts to preserve this Union of States should prove a failure, he found some degree of encouragement in the fact that there existed in the loyal city of Philadelphia an or- ganization of men who stood ready to give him every support within their power, and, if need be, yield their lives that this Union might be preserved. The work of the Union League has always been national in its character ; it has always stood for every- thing that is good in our national life ; it has always been ready at a moment's notice to lend its voice and its power in support of the national Government, and in upholding the national honor, and it has never rendered more loyal, more faithful, more patriotic, nor more effective service, than during the past four years. " The honor conferred upon us to-night by the presence of the President of the United States, the members of his official family, the Vice-President-elect, two of the most distinguished Senators of the United States, and four of the original founders, is the greatest and most distinguished recognition we have ever received. 284 X-^^-r: ^J^^^^^^^Z^iU-^ Facsimile of Signatures of Bresident McKinley and other Guests OF The Union League, Founders' Day, 1900 Founders' Day " To have the privilege of entertaining one of the greatest Presidents who ever guided the affairs of this nation is indeed an honor. " Called upon to meet conditions and determine problems that were never contemplated by the founders of our government, to decide vital questions affecting our affairs at home and our relations abroad, the decision of which involved, on the one hand, peace. President prosperity, and national honor, and, on the other hand, misery, '"'^''^'"'^y ^ disaster, and national dishonor, demanded the highest order of 3(q„j„j5.. statesmanship, patriotism, and prudence on the part of our chief tration magistrate. "How wisely, how patriotically, with what rare judgment, with what honesty of intention, with what conscientious regard for his high position, has President McKinley met each condition and decided each question ! Actuated by the sole desire to secure and advance the welfare of this great nation, President McKinley has given the country one of the ablest, most patriotic, and thoroughly American administrations with which we have ever been blessed. " At home, prosperity, peace, confidence, and quietness reign throughout the land. " Abroad, the voice of the United States is heard and listened to in the consideration and determination of every international question in which the civilized nations of the world are interested. We have reached that period in our history when there is no closed door to America. "The nations of the earth recognize this, and accord to the United States, as her right, the position of one of the great Powers of the world. We say this in no boastful spirit, but as true, loyal Americans who love our country, with complete faith in her great power for good throughout the world. " The national honor has been maintained ; every promise re- garding our national affairs has been and will be faithfully observed ; the honor of our flag remains, as it always has been and as it always will be, the symbol of power and righteousness, commanding and demanding the respect of all men throughout the world. 285 The Union League of Philadelphia The flag shall remain where it floats ' ' Wherever our flag floats to-day, there will it remain, as the representative of a nation of honorable men, a Christian nation, a nation that welcomes the oppressed and throws around her people the mantle of encouragement and protection. "There have been times during the past two years when the responsibilities resting upon the President were almost too great for mortal man to bear. Vital questions to which he alone could give the decisive answer have been determined, and determined wisely, and to the honor and glory of the United States of America. " It has been fortunate for the American people that William McKinley has been their President during the past four years, and we are even more fortunate in the fact that, by the grace of God, he will be our President for the next four years. " The American people have indorsed and approved the ad- ministration of President McKinley. The voice of this great nation has been raised throughout the world, and the world will take heed thereof. " When I called upon the President in July last, to invite him to be our guest this evening, he remarked, ' But suppose I shall not be elected,' to which I replied, ' That is not asupposable case, Mr. President.' ' Well,' continued the President, ' if I am elected, I shall be very glad to come ; if I am not elected, I shall be very glad to come, and therefore, whether elected or not elected, I shall be very glad to come. ' "Gentlemen, would it be possible to phrase a more gracious reply to an invitation, or one more sincere in its expression? " Mr. President, each and every member of the Union League is deeply sensible of the great honor that you have conferred upon this historic association by your presence to-night, and in their name I pledge you our continued, united, and loyal support. " Gentlemen, I ask you to join me in the toast that I now pro- pose : ' The President of the United States. May his administra- tion of the affairs of this great nation prove a blessing to all the people, and redound to the glory of God. ' "Gentlemen, I have the great honor ol presenting you to the President of the United States." 2S6 Founders' Day The President of the United States, responding : "Gentlemen of the Union League: An after-dinner speech is President to me always a difficult performance ; an after-election speech after McKinley's a dinner is a still more difficult task, and I shall do little more than oration make acknowledgment to this patriotic association for its unceasing loyalty to the government of the United States from Founders' Day until now, and for the earnest support it has given to the present Administration in the trying years through which it has passed, and to express my sincere thanks for the great honor this meeting and demonstration bring to me, which should be shared by my dis- tinguished associate on the national ticket, the Vice-President- elect, as well as by those gentlemen who have for years participated with me in the conduct of public affairs. We are always in danger of exaggeration on an occasion of exultation over a political vic- tory, and while the result is mainly due to the efforts of our splendid party, there is sometimes a tendency to give too little credit to other forces, which, silent though they may have been, were none the less potential. We must not withhold generous acknowledg- ment from that great body of our citizens who, belonging to another party, powerfully assisted in the achievement of the result which we celebrate to-night ; nor from that other large body, former members of our own party, who, with honesty of purpose, separated from us some years ago on financial issues, have now returned and are home again to stay. Nor is any accounting for the victory either just or accurate which leaves out of the calculation the almost unbroken column of honest labor engaged in mechanics and agriculture, which rejected the false doctrine of class distinction as having no place in this Republic, and which rebuked those teachings which would destroy the faith of American manhood in American charac- ter and American institutions. The business men in every part ot the country, so well typified by this great organization, were a mighty factor in the recent contest. And may we not also ascribe much to the influence of the home, with its affiliations? In any previous election was it greater, or in any did the counsels of the fireside determine more largely the vote of the electors ? 287 The Union League of Philadelphia The impressive national election " Nothing in government can be more impressive than a national election, where the people delegate their power and in- vest their constitutional agents with authority to execute their be- hests. The very character of the transaction clothes it with sol- emnity. It is a serious business. Its issues are always momentous. What a lesson in self-government it teaches ! Sixteen million voters on the same day, throughout every section of the United States, depositing their mandate and recording their will ! Done by the people in their own communities, in the very precincts of the home, under the supervision of their own fellow-citizens and chosen officials, and, to insure its freedom and independence, the ballot a secret one ! God forbid that any citizen selected for that sacred trust should ever attempt to divert the will of the sovereign people or tamper with the sanctity of their ballots ! " Some disappointments follow all elections ; but all men re- joice when an election is so decisive as to admit of neither dispute nor contest. That is the character of the one we celebrate. The value of a national victory can only be rightly measured and appreciated by what it averts as well as by what it accomplishes. It is fortunate for the party in power if it understands the true meaning of the re- sult. Those charged by the people with administration and legis- lation are required to interpret as well as to execute the public will, and its rightful interpretation is essential to its faithful execution. We cannot overestimate the great importance and far-reaching con- sequences of the electoral contest which ended on the 6th of No- vember. It has to me no personal phase. It is not the triumph of an individual, nor altogether of a party, but an emphatic declara- tion of the people of what they believe and would have maintained in government. A great variety of subjects was presented and dis- cussed in the progress of the campaign. We may differ as to the extent of the influence of the several issues involved, but we are all agreed as to certain things which it settled. It records the un- questioned indorsement of the gold standard, industrial indepen- dence, broader markets, reciprocal trade, commercial expansion, the open door in China, the inviolability of public faith, the inde- pendence and authority of the judiciary, and peace and beneficent Founders' Day government under American sovereignty in the Philippines. Am- erican credit remains unimpaired, the American name unimpeached, the honor of American arms unsullied, and the obligations of a righteous war and treaty of peace unrepudiated. " The Republican Party has placed upon it tremendous respon- sibilities. No party could ask for a higher expression of confi- dence. No party ever had one. It is a great thing to have this confidence ; it will be a greater thing to deserve and hold it. To this party are committed new and grave problems. They are too exalted for partizanship. They are too serious for intemperate judgment. The task of settlement is for the whole American people. Who will say they are unequal to it ? " Liberty has not lost, but gained in strength. The structure of the fathers stands secure upon the foundations on which they raised it, and is to-day, as it has been in the years past, and as it will be in the years to come, the ' government of the people, by the people, and for the people.' , „„ „„„;„ r r J r r ^ ^ irom empire ; " Be not disturbed; there is no danger from empire; there no fear for is no fear for the Republic. ' ' the republic* Mr. Darlington, in introducing the Vice-President- elect, said : "The honor that comes to the Union League to-night is so exceptional in its character that I cannot refrain from calling your attention to the fact that the Government of the United States has removed from Washington to the banquet hall of the Union League in Philadelphia. " The distinguished Secretary of State informs me, that so far as he has any knowledge, this is the first time in the history of the government since the national capital was removed from Phila- delphia to the District of Columbia that the President and his Cabinet have assembled as a body away from Washington. " One of the most remarkable political meetings that ever as- sembled during a national campaign was held recently in Madison Square Garden, New York city. 19 289 The Union League of Philadelphia " I do not know how many thousands of people that building will accommodate, but I do know that it was filled to its utmost capacity with men and women who had come together to testify by their presence their high regard and respect for one of the most brilliant citizens of the great State of New York, a gentleman who had been engaged during the past few weeks in combating and ex- posing the most monstrous doctrines of the most dangerous man who ever appealed to the American people for recognition. " Gentlemen, I have the honor and the pleasure of presenting to you the Honorable Theodore Roosevelt, Governor of the State of New York, and Vice-President-elect of the United States. ' ' Vice- president Roosevelt's address Hon. Theodore Roosevelt, responding : " Mr. President and Gentlemen of the Union League Club of Philadelphia : I am honored indeed in having the chance to speak to you to-night. Thirty-eight years ago, in the dark days, this Club was formed by men who had it in them to show that they could stand up for the right in dark days no less than in the days of triumph — that they were not of the stuff which needs vic- tory to impel them to effort— that they needed only the spur of a righteous cause to bring out all their endeavors for the welfare and the honor of the country. It is eminently fitting that you who are the founders and the heirs of the founders of this Club of the days of 1862, 1863, and 1864 should meet together to pay honor to the man of 1896 and 1900. "The President, speaking with the moderation which ever marks him, has said that we must beware of exaggerating what is done to-day. I am very sure that I am not exaggerating what we have done ; I am very sure that I am speaking as the historian of the future will speak, when I say that the election of 1900 can be compared with but one other election in our history — the election of 1864. "It was the peculiar good fortune of the Republican Party in 1864 to appeal not on the record of what it promised, but to ask that its future should be judged by its immediate past. So it was 290 Founders' Day igoo our peculiar good fortune in 1900 to have to make no new prom- ises, but merely to say that we asked to be judged by the measure in which our promise of 1896 had been made good by the four The decisive years of President McKinley's administration. factors in " In 1864 there were two factors decisive of the result : in the ' ^ ^ first place, distrust of the opponents of Lincoln ; and in the next place, trust in Lincoln. In 1900 there were two factors that were decisive of the result : in the first place, distrust of those who have made shibboleths of unsound currency, of national dishonor, and of class hatred ; and in the next place, trust in the man who had piloted this nation through the greatest dangers and difficulties which we had seen since the close of the Civil War. " Now, I hope you won't misunderstand me when I say that in 1900, as in 1864, I feel that it was not the Administration that was on trial — it was the American people. And the American people showed that they recognized what the crisis meant. As the Presi- dent has just said, it was more than a mere party victory. In 1864 we had a right to appeal to all men without regard to their political affiliations in the past to stand with those who stood for the Union and liberty, and so, in 1900, we had a right to appeal to all men without regard to what their political antecedents had been, pro- vided only they had in them the root of Americanism — the root of decent citizenship. " I take peculiar pleasure in saying to you, the founders and the heirs of the founders of the Union League, that we owe a spe- cial debt to men like the ex-Confederate soldiers Buckner, Basil Duke, and their kind, who stood with us in this election — that we owe a peculiar debt to the men, like Mr. Eckels, of Illinois, Gen- eral Bragg, of Wisconsin, Mr. Dickinson, of Michigan, and Mr. Fairchild, of my own State, who, although they had been Demo- crats in the past, refused to follow those who made their party name a cover for what we could not but regard as an assault upon the honor of the nation abroad and upon good faith and even-handed justice at home. "We are fortunate, gentlemen, in being able to say exactly the same things after the election that we did before, exactly as we 291 The Union League of Philadelphia were fortunate enough during the campaign in having issues that did not wear thin in any part of the country. There was no The flag doubt about our position before the election, and there is no doubt shall float about it now. We are going to go on with the policy that has been over the pursued during the past four years. It has been the signal good Philippines K. , ^ ^,. ^.^ J ^ . ^ . .\ ■ ^ tortune or this nation, on the first occasion when it mixed m the world's politics, to fix the standard to which the other nations of the world will come in dealing with the affairs of the great Asiatic peoples. We have kept the currency sound. We have kept the gold standard for the past four years, and it will be kept in the coming years. The nation has decided that the flag shall float over the Philippine Islands. The bloodshed that has come in those islands is in part due to the unwise actions of certain of our fellow- citizens who, whether from motives of political partizanship or from motives of misguided sentimentality, have encouraged those island- ers to believe that they could make us haul down the flag and aban- don the islands to bloody chaos. " Peace shall come in them, a constantly increasing measure of self-government shall be given them ; but first of all order must be restored in them. And the first step to bringing peace, to prepar- ing the way for self-government, is to have a thorough recognition of the fact that order must and shall be established and preserved in those islands. "Most important of all, I think, this country has decided finally that hereafter politicians shall recognize the futility of endeavoring to appeal to those forces the triumph of which would mean the end of free government as we for a century and a quarter have understood the term. There have been many so-called repub- lics in the past in which the rich have oppressed the poor. There have been many so-called republics in which the poor have plun- dered the rich. It has been our just pride that at last we have established a republic in which equal justice could be dealt out to all men regardless of whether they were rich or poor. And the greatest harm that can be done to this nation is that which would be done by any man who could persuade our people to abandon that theory of government in favor of the theory which would seek 292 Founders' Day to elevate a part of our citizens by ruining others, and which, mind you, would mean not even the temporary elevation of the people who were ostensibly to be benefited, but the ruining of all of us The welfare who dwell in this country. °f *"^ " I was glad to hear the President say, as he said to-night, that '^^Ss-wo . , , ° ... and tiller of of all the causes for thankfulness which we now have, there is not ^^ ggj| one for which we should be so thankful as the failure of that effort, as shown by the votes of the tiller of the soil and the wage-worker in the contest which has just closed. Gentlemen, I am sure that I state your views when I say that every rational effort for the better- ment of the condition of either the wage-worker or the tiller of the soil can count on the heartiest support of the Republican Party — that we realize that the welfare of the nation depends ultimately, more than all else, upon the welfare of the wage-worker and of the man who tills the soil. We will do everything in our power to elevate both, and we will do it by working with both on a plane of frank and hearty equality, recognizing in both our fellow-Amer- icans, and not for a moment accepting the idea that there can be antagonism between one class of Americans and another in working for the mutual benefit of all. We appeal to the great underlying law of brotherhood, and we repudiate the effort to arouse the basest passions of mankind. "Now, in closing, I want to say just one thing. It has been comparatively easy for us here on the Atlantic seaboard to fight for the cause we have championed during the past four years. We have had the bulk of our people with us from the very start. A peculiar meed of praise should be given to those who, four years ago, starting with the odds against them, have fought so gallantly for the right out on the Rocky Mountains and on the great plains. There was no sentence in the speech of the President which it did not do my heart good as an American to listen to, but I was par- ticularly glad to hear him pay that just tribute to those who had returned to aid us out there in the West this year. ' ' I had the good fortune to go through South Dakota, and there was no State, save Nebraska, which it gave me more unal- loyed satisfaction to visit. I went through it, and on every plat- 293 The Union League of Philadelphia form appeared with me a man who had been chosen as Attorney- General four years ago on the silver issue, but who was with us this time because he was a man who had fought for the government from 1 86 1 to 1865, and who had been anxious to fight again in 1898, and, as he said, he declined to follow any party when that party took a position of antagonism to the honor and the interest of the whole American people. I appreciate very, very deeply the debt we are under to the men who now, having had time to weigh all the arguments for and against your policy, Mr. President, and having had time to test that policy by its results, and to see whither the policy of our opponents led, have sacrificed their pride of opinion and come out for the Union and for the support of the doctrines for which you stand. I feel that a peculiar debt is due to them. But to no man is a greater debt due because of his unflinch- ing stand for the principles of sound government than is due to Senator Edward O. Wolcott, of Colorado. "We are all to be congratulated, not merely as Republicans, but as Americans, because we open the twentieth century with the knowledge that this people has with seriousness, with sobriety of purpose, set its face toward the proper solution of all the many problems which this nation must solve alike in its home policy and in doing its share of the world's work that confronts all of the great world powers. ' ' Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, upon being intro- duced, said : Senator Lodge's address " I should be insensible indeed if I did not appreciate the com- pliment of being asked to speak on such an occasion, when the cause of our meeting and the subject of our thoughts are the results of the election which has just taken place. How splendid these results have been ! How dazzling and how complete ! And yet I cannot refrain from saying, from a personal as well as a public feel- ing, that in all the sunlit expanse of Republican triumph there is one dark spot which to me is deeply to be regretted. I cannot reconcile myself to that result which has deprived the Senate of one 294 Founder^ Day of its best and ablest members, and of the man who is undoubtedly its most brilliant orator. You have just listened to him, and you know whom I mean. But I must also say that we Republicans throughout the country are not unmindful of the fact that four years ago he stood there in Colorado, in all that excitement and panic, with his back against the wall, and fought the Republican fight alone. This year he has led another great and brilliant fight for Republican principles, and the change in the vote in Colorado, in proportion to the number, has been greater than in that of any State in the Union. We of the other States all feel that as he has multiplied by thousands the voters who followed him in his own State, he has multiplied his friends by thousands in the other States. ' ' The victory won by the Republicans, as has been said, is jhe great much more than a mere party victory, and, rightly considered, is Republican of profound significance, not only to ourselves, but to the world, victory In the dust and turmoil of a national campaign that which is essen- tial is often confused with the ephemeral, and that which is lasting and fundamental is obscured by what is trivial and momentary. In the swaying fortunes of the strife the deep voices of the time which bring a message to mankind are often drowned by the un- meaning noises of the passing day. The smoke of a fire of brush- wood will dim the sun and hide the stars from our eyes, but the sun and stars are still there, shining in steadfast brilliancy, after the crackling blaze of the bonfire has fallen into blackness and silence. I think we can begin to see now just what the meaning of this elec- tion is. In the first place, it was a vote of confidence, as great as it was deserved, in the President and his administration. Criticism and attack are usually proportioned to the novelty and importance of the questions to be decided and the gravity of the responsibilities to be borne. Both criticism and attack have, therefore, been severe against an Administration which in the past four years has met more new questions, confronted greater difficulties, and carried heavier responsibility than any Administration since the days of Lincoln. But the assault has failed now as it failed in 1864. The American people have passed judgment upon what has been done, and have rendered a great verdict in favor of the President and the party 29s The Union League of Philadelphia Renewed trust in the Republican Party which he has led. The vote also means that, while the people are not blind to certain dangers in the economic development of the times, they have turned from the men who sought for power by ferocious appeals to the forces of discontent, and have decided that they will trust to the Republican Party to ward off these dangers and guard against these evils. They have recognized that the great question involved in what are called trusts is not to be settled by the mouthings of the demagogue, but by the best intelligence which American statesmanship can bring to bear upon it. If there are economic advantages in these combinations of capital, they wish them preserved. If there are social, economic, and political evils to be apprehended, they wish to have them stopped and to be pro- tected against them. This work they expect the Republican Party to perform, and it is a task in which we must not fail. The people have voted to maintain the protective system, and to have that same policy extended to the upbuilding of our merchant marine. They have voted again for the unflinching maintenance of the gold stan- dard, and if there is any way in which that standard can be further strengthened, and the currency question entirely removed from politics, they expect us to do it, and to do it now. " But all these questions of domestic importance have been present in elections before, and, undoubtedly, in different phases, may appear in elections again. That which places this election above others is, that in one direction it was epoch-making and de- cisive as to the future of this country. There have been very few elections in our history of which this can be said. Most of the great events which have shaped the destiny of the United States — like the purchase of Louisiana, the war of 1 812, or the Mexican War — have taken place outside of elections. I can, indeed, think of only four elections which may properly be termed epoch-making and decisive of the country's destiny. The two elections of Wash- ington settled finally that we should have a central government, and that we should no longer be the sport of European contests, as we had been in the colonial past. To them we owe the organiza- tion of the government and the foundation of the great policies upon which this country has been built up. The election of i860 decided 296 Founders' Day finally that slavery should not be further extended, and the slave power, seeing its doom written in this decision, took up arms to overthrow it. In the election of 1864 it was finally decided that The United the Union should be maintained at any cost, and that slavery States a should cease to exist upon American soil. To this short list of ^""^ power great elections we now add a fifth. In the progress of the century the United States had grown to be a world power. The people had conquered their own continent, and had begun to follow the interests of the United States beyond their own borders. Sooner or later it was to be determined whether, being a world power, we were to play the part of one among the nations of the earth. The Spanish War precipitated the question. At the end of that brief and victorious conflict we found ourselves at ' the parting of the ways. ' The President of the United States, upon whom the great responsibility first fell, went boldly forward and took the Philippine Islands, for on the taking of those islands the whole question hinged. That action made us an Eastern power. The question before the people at the late election was whether the President — who had re- ceived the support of Congress in his policy — should be sustained. We had entered into the great arena of world questions. We were to remain there, or we were to retreat. The American people, by their votes, have decided that we shall stay, that we shall play the part upon the world's stage to which our power and our interests alike entitle us. They listened to all the discussion on the Philip- pines ; they broke through the tangle of lies and misrepresentation with which that question was surrounded by our opponents, and they voted that what was rightfully ours, that we should hold. During all the past summer of political strife they have watched the strong, consistent, and brilliant diplomacy and the wise, firm action which have placed us in the fore-front of the nations in China. They came to realize as the days went by that the President and the Secretary of State were writing there in China a chapter of history which would be one of the most brilliant in the annals of the United States. Before the success of this policy even party criticism shrank away abashed and silent, and at the same time the American people realized that the corner-stone of that policy was Manila. So they 297 The Union League of Philadelphia election have cast aside the unessential and the trivial ; the hypocritical ravings about imperialism and militarism fell upon deaf ears, and The epoch- for weal or woe the American people wisely and triumphantly, as I making believe, have decided that the United States should be an Eastern power, and should play its great part among the nations of the earth. There is no retreat from this decision, and it is this which renders this election epoch-making and puts it in that small company with which the names of Washington and Lincoln are forever asso- ciated. " Our opponents made a formidable campaign. The platform of Kansas City and the speeches of Mr. Bryan and other leaders were all simple and adroit appeals for votes. Every clause and every sentence was a bid for votes. The promises or the denun- ciations might contradict each other, but each was well calculated to reach some voters somewhere, and the appeals were adjusted to locality. We had burning Bryan eloquence about the rights of man in Indianapolis and dead silence upon that subject south of Mason and Dixon's line ; a great deal of free silver in the West and none in the East ; a great deal of anti-imperialism in the East and none in the West, but everywhere the appeal to envy, hatred, and malice, to the unsuccessful against the successful, to the disorderly against the orderly, to the discontented against the contented, to calamity against prosperity, to despair instead of to hope. We have appealed for votes, as all parties must, but, to our credit be it said, we ap- pealed on the ground of certain great policies, frankly set forth and with arguments which did not shirk their conclusions. More- over, we made the same argument and the same appeal everywhere. We told the States of the Mountains that we were the party of the gold standard, and we said to the anti-imperialist of the East that we were for expansion and the retention of the Philippines. Our op- ponents steered their craft with great skill, with a keen knowledge of the tides and the currents, seeking advantage in every flaw of wind which came off the land. We steered boldly out into the great ocean, trusting to the compass and the stars and to the con- stant impulse of the steady ocean winds. Their skill availed them nothing. The shifting breezes which they sought proved treacher- 298 Founders' Day ous, the changing tides and currents would not serve their turn, and they find themselves stranded upon the reefs and shoals of the shallow waters in which they sought to sail. We faced the great The flag perils of the deeps, but we steered by the unchanging stars which ^'' ' "O^'^ have guided the United States from the day of its birth. And now the ship has come into port, triumphant over all dangers, the same captain on the quarter-deck, and the flag of so many victories float- ing in glory from her masthead." Hon. Edward O. Wolcottand Hon. Charles Emory Smith also made brief addresses, upon the conclusion of which the President, the Cabinet, the Vice-Presi- dent-elect, and Senators Lodge and Wolcott retired from the banquet room to the first floor, for the pur- pose of receiving the members of the Union League. So terminated the most notable gathering in the Union League, between the time when a fev^r ardent patriots met in 1862 to found the organization, and the present. President McKinley, at the beginning of his second administration, fittingly made the Union League the platform from which he outlined his future policy. The founders of the Union League builded better than they knew. The structure they reared, at the end of JJ^'g^"^ thirty-nine years, had become a national temple from national which, in measured tones, came the voice of the Pres- temple ident of a greater Republic than any of which the old philosophers dreamed, or that the statesman of half a century ago even conceived. The Union League in this eventful night showed how great had been its rec- ord and its influence. Surely it will not in the future let the memory of the one be dimmed, or the strength of the other be diminished. 299 THE UNION LEAGUE AS A CLUB PART III THE UNION LEAGUE AS A CLUB CHAPTER XVIII STORY OF THE UNION LEAGUE HOUSE When the members of the Union Club decided to enlarge their sphere and increase their numbers, a Club House became an obvious necessity. Their seventh meeting, at which the development into the Union League was formally determined, was held in the house of Dr. John F. Meigs, No. 1 208 Walnut ^ 'andmark Street. The spacious mansion of Mr. Hartmann Kuhn at No. 11 18 Chestnut Street being vacant at the time, was rented, adapted to the purpose, and suitably furnished as the home of the newly born Union League. Its formal opening was on Mon- day, February 23, 1863 ; the foundation meeting at Dr. Meigs' house being on December 27, 1862. The Union League only occupied this House some twenty months, but the anxieties and stress of almost an ordinary year were crowded into each day of that fateful time from February, 1863, to August, 1864, when the lease expired. This first Union League 303 The Union League of Philadelphia House was a goodly edifice, stately enough in those days for an organization of fighting statesmen. The exterior was altered by Matthias W. Baldwin, who occupied it subsequently, and the building stood until 1900, to the last a memorable dwelling house in the heart of Philadelphia. When the Union League removed from the Kuhn mansion, it decided to have a home of its own. At a meeting in October, 1864, an association of sub- scribers was formed, with Daniel Smith, Jr., as chair- man, and committees were set to work on plans and The building organization. At the annual meeting of the Union League in December, 1864, the association reported that it had purchased a lot, bounded by Broad, Sansom, and Moravian Streets, and it was proposed to erect a Club House, to be leased to the association. While most of the owners were members of the Union League, the property was held separately. The Directors had meantime prepared a plan by which the title was to belong to trustees until the Union League should secure a charter, and thus be able to hold its own property. This plan was adopted. " The entire cost of land and house was to be ^120,000, for which the trustees subsequently, on transferring title, took a mort- gage to the full amount, payable in twenty years. Certificates of loan, representing ^500 each, were issued to the contributors to the fund. The whole sum needed was readily obtained from mem- bers. While the construction was progressing prices rose exces- sively high in consequence of the inflation of the currency, but the energy of the members kept pace with the advance, and they raised ^32,000 more to be expended on the property. In addition 304 o I D I 2 o o Story of the Union League House to this, more than ^24,000 were appropriated from the League treasury to make the new edifice completely satisfactory. The total cost, therefore, footed up somewhat over $176,000, of which the members, individually, contributed $152,000 by voluntary sub- scription." It was stated that on account of the advance in The builder's the cost of materials the builder, John Crump, lost rectitude heavily, as he adhered to the strict letter of his con- tract and made no claim upon the Union League beyond the price agreed upon. In view of these facts, the Directors presented Mr. Crump a handsome piece of silver-plate in appreciation of his services. While the present House was being built the Union League moved to No. 1210 Chestnut Street. It also rented the building next door as its recruiting office for colored soldiers. The Union League then had 1 1 29 members, too many for the house to hold at one time, so that its meetings took place in Concert Hall, opposite, where eloquent speeches were often heard on recruiting troops and sustaining the Union.* * General Louis Wagner thus described the recruiting of the colored troops and Camp William Penn : " I have not the honor to have been one of the early members of the Union General League. Absence at the front with the regiment in which I held a commission, Wagner's and a subsequent detail to the command of Camp William Penn, service in the narration field being impossible because of wounds received in action, prevented any but a casual interest in matters not immediately connected with military duty. My early knowledge of the Union League centered in the interest shown by so many of its active members in the recruiting of colored troops, for which purpose Camp William Penn was established. The work of the ' Supervisory Committee for the Enlistment of Colored Troops,' the title under which these gentlemen had formed an organization, was of the most important character. The present generation 20 305 The Union League of Philadelphia A dubable hostelry The present building was formally occupied May II, 1865. The intended grand inaugural reception was omitted, however, on account of the assassination of President Lincoln. In the political campaign of 1866, when passions ran high, the Union League House was deliberately set afire by an unknown incendiary, and considerably damaged. At this period the Union League House was one of the grand edifices marking the progress of the city. Time has brought its inevitable changes in the con- struction of public buildings of size and dignity, yet the Union League House nestles cosily among its overgrown neighbors, with a mellowed grace and an Camp William Penn can but little appreciate the condition of public sentiment as to the then status of the black man even in the city of Philadelphia. Strong objections were made to the enrolment of the negro for the defense of the nation, and those who had the audacity to urge this step were denounced as dangerous to the peace of the com- munity. Still more serious were the threatenings to those who had the courage to actually undertake the work which was obnoxious to a large part of our citi- zens. The indorsement of the movement by so influential a body of gentlemen as the Union League, and more immediately by its representative, the Supervisory Committee, was of the utmost moral support, whilst the financial aid, and the per- sonal labors of the members of the Committee, made possible the organization of eleven regiments and of several independent companies, constituting, with the recruits subsequently sent to fill the depleted ranks of these commands, an army of more than 14,000 men. " The few oflScers who established Camp William Penn, at Chelten Hills, in Montgomery County, and who conducted the first company, recruited and mustered at Seventh and Emiline Streets, unarmed, to the North Pennsylvania Railroad depot, at Third and Berks Streets ; and those who subsequently marched the second regiment organized, the Fifth United States Colored Troops, with a battalion of the third regiment, then in process of formation, the Eighth United States Colored troops from the same depot to the Baltimore Railroad depot, at Broad Street and Washington Avenue, armed and equipped and ready for battle, will never forget the anxiety for the possible outcome of the movement. The de- termination of the officers of the command to neither seek nor to run away from any encounter with the enemies of the colored troops, and the admirable disci- 306 ; BALCONV BAMQUETING ROOM BftLCOKI PAMTftf "p KECEPTIOH V.ASM T. p. pjg HALL - H 2 ; iLism REiUlKQ BOOM SUCMiir ! 1 broad street The Union League in 1865 reproduced from "evening bulletin," may 5, 1865 Story of the Union League House inviting air that betoken a home and a hearty welcome. It is a remnant of the fast disappearing charms of old Philadelphia — a house that has character. It stands in dignified isolation, content with the structural grace of its design, its Mansard roof, the stately portico, and the sweep of its curving steps. This enumeration of the first improvements to the building is taken from the report of 1881, and it is striking proof of the high spirit characteristic of the organization from first to last that they should under- take such a task when the membership was so much diminished. "The mere mention of the work done under the architect's Progress direction, and of some of the purchases made by the Committee, in 1881 pline shown by the men, elicited the approval of the friends of the movement and extorted praise, even though unwillingly, from its opponents. The ovation tendered us by the members of the Union League at the club-house, and the un stinted praise of Major General George Cadwalader, commanding the military district of which Philadelphia was the headquarters, who reviewed the parade from the steps of the Union League House, and the soldierly appearance of the men, confirmed the belief, subsequently verified upon many battle-fields, that the black man would fight, and do it bravely, and it finally suppressed, even if it did not remove, the opposition of those who had, from motives, political or other- wise, denounced his enlistment. " In those days of doubt and fear as to the possible outcome of the war for the suppression of the Rebellion the Union League held firm and high the ban- ner of the Union, and much of the success of our arms must be attributed to the aid given the Government and to the men in the field by this noble body of pa- triotic citizens. With so proud a past, — a past not very far removed as years count, but so distant that even in less than forty years it is being forgotten, — what can we say of the present, and how can the future of the country be best bene- fited by the Union League as now constituted ? With largely increased men and means, and with broader opportunities for active interference for all that makes for good government, with a more intense devotion to country, and with greater personal effort for good citizenship, we, and those who shall follow us, can con- tinue the good work commenced by a previous generation." The parade of colored troops 307 77?^ Union League of Philadelphia Improve- ment of the building will give a fair idea of the time and labor involved in carrying out the instructions of the Board and the necessity which existed for the expenditure. " The lower hall has been supported by girders and columns ; the plumbing throughout the house has been renewed and the plastering repaired ; the roof and balconies have been put in order ; the wine-rooms refloored and shelved ; a new range placed in the kitchen ; new and improved refrigerators built ; the dumb- waiters and bells rehung ; the outside of the house repainted and all the stone-work cleaned ; the carpenter work throughout put in thor- ough order; the smoking-room and restaurant refurnished, painted, and floored ; an electric light ordered for the front of the house ; new gas-fixtures placed in the halls and many of the rooms and new carpetings and curtains laid and hung ; the halls and princi- pal rooms refrescoed ; the furniture re-upholstered and new china- ware and silverware purchased. The work has been done in a very thorough manner, and it is believed that with ordinary care the property will be in good order for many years to come. Some additional services on the part of the artists and mechanics are yet due under the contracts, and in this connection it is with special pleasure that the Board acknowledges the receipt of ^looo from one of its members (Major Edwin N. Benson) to defray the cost of a stained-glass memorial window, with inscriptions commemorative of our ex-presidents now deceased, which is to be placed at the head of the first landing of the main staircase. "Pending these improvements a number of the members of the League conceived the idea of rendering it still more attractive and enjoyable by enlarging its accommodations for those who wished to indulge in rational amusements, and by providing a room for literary and other entertainments, art receptions, and the regu- lar meetings of the League. They accordingly proposed that if the League would tear down the four small dwelling-houses owned by it on Sansom and Moravian Streets, and sell its house on Fifteenth Street, granting the proceeds toward the contemplated project, they would build and donate to the corporation an annex on Sansom Street, built in accordance with plans submitted. On May 30th 308 Story of the Union League House the League accepted the proposition, authorized the sale of the Fifteenth Street house, and donated the proceeds of the same to the building fund. The matter was placed in the hands of a com- mittee consisting of five directors and four gentlemen from the body of the League, and the work has been pushed so expeditiously that it is now [December, 1881] practically completed. " Two hundred and forty-eight members contributed the sum guiidjng the of $32,500, which, added to the money received for the Fifteenth first annex Street property, made the building fund amount to $41,500. With this fund the annex has been built, and is now the property of the Club. The basement floor contains a bowling-alley, the main floor an exceptionally beautiful billiard-room, with ten tables of the most improved pattern, while over the billiard-room is a large assembly-room capable of seating six hundred persons. The building is 59 X 100 feet; the billiard-room and the assembly- room each 41 X 83 feet. For comfort, convenience, elegance, and perfect equipment, our house can now challenge comparison with that of any social organization in the country, and the mem- bership is to be most heartily congratulated upon its possession." In each subsequent year substantial improvements Progress were made, and in 1889 the report announced that '" i88g-go the entire first floor " is furnished in accord with the most modern and luxurious taste. . In the parlor, blue-room, and Directors' room the walls have been torn out and replaced with specially designed wainscoting in sycamore and oak respectively, of exquisite beauty and finish; the parlor in the style of the French, and the blue-room in that of the Flemish renaissance, while the room formerly used as the Direc- tors' and Committee room has been finished in the old colonial style, and all of them have been refitted with furniture made ex- pressly to correspond with their respective panelling and decora- tion. . . . Fifty-six wardrobes have been erected in the base- ment for the convenience of members." 309 The Union League of Philadelphia The House was also then installed with the Edison electric light. The report for 1890 states that: " By the liberality of our former President, Mr. Edwin N. Benson, who contributed the large sum necessary for the purpose, the billiard-room has been materially enlarged by an annex, in which five additional tables have been placed, which adds much to the comfort and convenience of the large proportion of our mem- bers who find bodily exercise and mental recreation in the game, as well as to the finish and beauty of the House itself. The Benson " This instance of the discriminating liberality of Mr. Benson annex jg -[3^^ another of many acts of generosity evincing the deep and intelligent interest which he takes in the welfare of our organiza- tion, and as we are mainly indebted to him for the beautiful memo- rial window at the head of the main stairway, and for the annex building itself, it has been decided to call this additional billiard - room by his name, and it will be hereafter designated the ' Benson Annex.' "Another improvement has been made in the basement of the main building by the construction of baths, including a needle bath and a swimming pool of about twelve by twenty-six feet, with an average depth of water of nearly six feet. The barber shop has also been enlarged. ' ' These accommodations, of a kind which have heretofore been confined to such clubs as the Fencing and Sparring Club, and the Athletic Club here, and the Racquet and similar clubs in New York and other cities, fill a want of the large and constantly in- creasing proportion of our membership, who, at least for part of the year, make the League House their home, and will be at all times a great convenience to many who may care to use them but occasionally. They help to complete our House as one of the most perfectly appointed club-houses in the country." So the stor}' continues each year to the present, with great improvements effected and greater conve- niences and extensions under consideration. 310 Story of the Union League House The interior of the Union League House has been viewed by many thousands of the public, exclusive of the guests, at receptions, at concerts, at banquets, and ^j^^q™ j^ jj^^ at the Exhibitions of Loan Collections of Art Treas- Union ures. The reader may get a general impression of the League interior by taking an imaginary stroll up one of the broad flights of steps into the vestibule, past the marble Houdon bust of Washington that dignifies the entrance, and thence into the main hall. On its walls are por- traits of the great military and naval commanders, most of whom were the Union League's guests of honor. On pedestals ranged along each wall are marble busts of great Americans — Washington, Franklin, Clay, Lincoln, and others. At the farther end is a lifelike bust of Richard Cobden, the English apostle of free trade, but also a champion of the North during the war, and (in the library) a bronze bust of Laboulaye, the French publicist, both busts having been presented to the Union League. The unique astronomical clock stands near the door. On entering the hall the recep- tion room, richly furnished as a drawing-room, opens on the right. Opposite is the smoking-room, with the newspapers, tables for writing, and nooks for conver- sation. The large apartments are adorned with pic- tures and other art works. Next to the reception room on the right is the Secretary's office and ad- joining it the old cafe. The Colonial room is next, a charming apartment, in- panelled oak, with glass and china cabinets all around, an open fireplace, and a massive table, used for select dining parties. Adjoin- ing this is the Flemish room, characteristically and 3" The Union League of Philadelphia The memorial window Tlie Union League banner and old battle- flags sumptuously furnished, its panelled ceiling and walls painted with exquisite original designs by a member, George Herzog, as a gift to the Union League. The great billiard-room comes next, and the hall merges into the new cafe, one of the largest and best equipped in the city. The old restaurant is on the left, beyond the staircase, and is reserved for non-smokers. As- cending the stairs we see in the southern wall the large memorial window to the first four Presidents of the Union League, the gift of Major Edwin N. Benson. The library occupies the entire Broad Street front of the second floor and part of the Sansom Street side. In the hallway is a sofa that was used by Washington when he lived in Philadelphia, and is believed to have been owned for some time by Robert Morris, the financier. The old banner of the Union League, sfiven by the loyal ladies of Philadelphia in 1863, is preserved with companion flags and war relics. When the officers of the navy were received after the close of the Spanish war, C. Stuart Patterson, then President of the Union League, thus spoke of them : " The old banner of the Union League, which was first carried in procession to celebrate the re-election of President Lincoln, and which since then has never been taken from its case save to greet the President of the United States, or to celebrate the election of a President of the United States, is to-night brought forth to meet the Chief Magistrate of the nation and to celebrate the victory which has shed new luster upon the arms of the United States, the victory which has forever ended the cruel domination of Spain over the fairest of her insular possessions, the victory which has demon- strated to the world that the wounds of the greatest civil war in history are at last closed and healed, and that the soldiers of Grant 312 o I I O o Story of the Union League House and their sons, and the soldiers of Lee and their sons, can be equally relied upon to march shoulder to shoulder in defense of the flag of their country. . . . Here to-night, under the flag jhe flag which floated from the masthead of the ' Kearsarge ' in its decisive of the conflict with the 'Alabama' ; here in the presence of the battle- "Kearsarge" standards which the regiments of Pennsylvania carried to the front in the Civil War ; here to-night in the halls of the Union League, whose only bond of union is patriotism ; here where in the days that are past Grant and Farragut, and Sherman and Sheridan, and Porter and Dupont, and Thomas and Meade, and Sickles and Foote, were received with all the honor that was and is their due, we to-night welcome the heroic representatives of that navy which, with a combination of skill and courage unprecedented in naval warfare, annihilated the fleets of Montijo and Cervera. " The Union League banner was carried in the funeral processions of President Lincoln, Vice-President Wil- son, and General Meade. The northern wing of the library is used as the chess room. The President's room is at the rear, a spacious chamber, with life-size oil paintings of the Presidents of the Union League. Beyond is the grand assembly hall, also called the banqueting room, in which over two hundred can dine, and on the occasion of addresses by eminent personages the audi- ence increases to six hundred. Here are held the art exhibitions and great banquets. On the floor above are the sleeping apartments, with luxurious accommo- dations, and a delightful roof garden. The basement contains on the Broad Street front The com- an extensive oyster cafe, a barber shop, and other con- ^issanat veniences. It is also a miniature town, with a steady population of about one hundred and twenty model 313 The Union League of Philadelphia The restaurant and other receipts Union League orators at home citizens, each skilled in his and her degree and all alert in the service of the Union League. The kitchen meets the daily requirements of hundreds of dainty appetites, and some $5000 worth of wines are con- stantly needed to sustain the reputation of the cellars for ability to gratify every fancy. The sales of the restaurant department for the year 1900 were about $202,000, the receipts from billiards and bowls were over $5400, and from the lodging rooms nearly $5000. The Union League has its own ice-making plant, refrig- erators, and cold storage system ; its electric light plant cost nearly $18,000 last year and its fuel $3700. A large pumping engine forces a stream of water through a stand-pipe to the top of the building, where it can be directed to any part of the premises through convenient hose-pipes. Lest it should be supposed that these good things of life are monopolized by selfish man, be it known that the Union League ex- tends its hospitalities to ladies introduced by mem- bers every day until 3 o'clock. Each department has its staff of efficient workers under its special chief, the responsibility for all being vested in the Superin- tendent, N. F. Heckler. The assembly hall has seen valiant service ren- dered to the Union Republican cause as occasion has offered, and never have more forceful, brilliant, impressive, and far-reaching addresses been delivered from its rostrum than those that attracted the crowded and enthusiastic gatherings during the year 1900. Early in its career the Union League made itself the mouthpiece of public sentiment on the burning ques- 314 Story of the Union League House tions of the day. The sagacious directing voice of its experienced leaders was heard in its councils and quickly translated into acts by its committees. The outer world was then moved by its gifted spokesmen from the platforms of the largest available halls in the city. It instigated many important meetings besides its own. As the times changed, this potent means of propagandism was less needed, though never given up. There has never been a time in its history when the Union League could not provide from its own ranks speakers of note and power and writers of rare excellence. A score of famous names at once occur to the mind, men whose hearty devotion to the Union League and its cause has already given a glow to these pages. That this proud claim holds true to this day is equally honoring to the organization and its dis- tinguished members. Not a few of what are strictly domestic gatherings Inter of the Union League may fairly be accorded a broader character. Such, for example, was the occasion in December, 1871, when the bronze bust of Laboulaye, the gift of thirty members, was received with addresses by the Hon. J. W. Forney and J. G. Rosengarten. The interest was international and literary in the highest degree, displaying the finer and deeper ele- ments that make for the true fraternity of nations. In 1876, the Centennial year, the Union League did its best to induce John Bright, of England, to visit this country and city as its guest. If his health had permitted the voyage, that sturdy friend of the Union and champion of liberty would gladly have come, and 315 national fraternity The Union League of Philadelphia A reminis- cent celebra- tion In active politics how vast the fruitful influence of his presence and utterance would have been upon our people and on his can only adequately be estimated by those who have been thrilled by his majestically simple eloquence. In 1 879 an eloquent address was made by Governor Henry M. Hoyt at a reception given him by the Union League, followed by speeches from the Presi- dent, George H. Boker, and Hon. M. Russell Thayer. The twenty-fifth anniversary of the Union League was celebrated by a banquet in 1887, at which the President, Edwin N. Benson, delivered an address, followed by the Hon. George H. Boker, by Samuel B. Huey and James Milliken. At the reception in 1890, given to the Hon. James G. Blaine and General William T. Sherman, no public addresses were made, which limitation also applies to many other occasions on which the utterances of notable personages, formal and informal, have not reached the public ear, though doubtless the Union League reaped profit. A Union League meeting was held in the Academy of Music in 1894, in the interest of the Hon. Galusha A. Grow, then a candidate for Congress. Besides his speech, the immense audience had the good fortune to listen to Thomas B. Reed and Jonathan P. Dolliver. One of the most valuable of the recent pamphlet issues of the Union League is the one which reports the meeting, in its assembly hall, on January 18, 1894, convened to protest against the Wilson Tariff Bill. A minute expressing the sense of the Union League upon this movement to free trade was presented by C. Stuart Patterson in a powerful speech. He was 316 o I 3 I Story of the Union League House followed by William G. Steel, speaking from the manu- facturer's standpoint, also by William E. Lockwood, J. Levering Jones, and Col. A. Loudon Snowden. These speeches are a compendium of arguments in support of the protective policy, and will always be valuable for public distribution when similar occasion arises. In 1 896 an extraordinary reception was given to His Ex- Li Hung cellency Li Hung Chang, whose characteristic conver- ^'^^s sational remarks, freely reported in the newspapers, amounted to a public address of singular interest and force. President William McKinley was given a mem- orable reception in 1897, which was a demonstration of political approval effectively expressed by the Union League. On Washington's birthday, 1897, Charlemagne Tower, Jr., read a paper on " Earl Cornwallis and Many the Siege of Yorktown." In March an entertain- interesting ing address was given by Hampton L. Carson, on some " Curiosities of the Law." The national finan- cial system was discussed January 8, 1898, by Hon. George F. Edmunds, President of the Monetary Commission, and C. Stuart Patterson, President of the Union League and member of the Commission. These addresses gave a masterly exposition of the national system of finance. In April, 1898, Hon. J. W. Procter, President of the United States Civil- service Commission, delivered an able address on "The Commercial and Political Importance of the Nicaraguan Canal." On the Fourth of July, 1898, a great demonstration was held in celebration of the victory at Santiago, with music, fireworks, and electric 317 The Union League of Philadelphia Banquet to the Peace Commis- sioners A Lincoln niglit Tribute to tlie commander of tlie " Oregon " illumination, and an address was delivered by Hon. Charles Emory Smith. On February 4, 1 899, a banquet was given by the Union League to the Peace Commissioners, Senator Cushman K. Davis, Senator William P. Frye, Sen- ator George R. Gray, and Hon. Whitelaw Reid. Judge William R. Day, also a Commissioner, was un- able to be present. The address of President Joseph G. Darlington worthily upholds the high standard of graceful oratory that distinguishes that office in the Union League. The Lincoln birthday banquet of February 12, 1899, was to have been an exceptionally brilliant event, and was memorable for the violence of the snow- storm, which by obstructions to travel robbed the occasion of many guests and of two speakers. Senator Albert J. Beveridge, of Indiana, and Booker T. Wash- ington, the distinguished leader of the colored race, whose practical work at Tuskegee, Ala., is deservedly famed. Mr. Washington's address was delivered the following day. In its invitation of so eloquent a pleader for the colored people the Union League manifested its undiminished interest in the old problem that brought it into existence. At the banquet the speakers were President Darlington, Hampton L. Car- son, and Rev. M. A. Brownson. A testimonial banquet was given Captain Charles E. Clark, U. S. N., on April 5, 1899, i" recognition of the unrivaled speed-voyage of his battle-ship, the "Oregon," over a course of 14,000 miles from the Pacific coast within seventy-two days, arriving at its 3'8 Story of the Union League House destination, Santiago, Cuba, on the eve of the great battle, in perfect condition for work. Other Union League addresses of special interest were by Senator John M. Thurston, of Nebraska, on " Our Foreign Policy," and by Adam Everly, on " Edwin Forrest ; the Greatest of American Trage- dians." The closing: oratorical feast of 1 899 was the ^"'^^ ^ , ° , ivT 1 Founders first celebration of Founders Day, November 25th. Day banquet Joseph G. Darlington, President of the Union League, made the opening address, recalling the incidents that led to the formation of the Union Club and its fusion into the Union League. The other speeches, largely historical, were by Silas W. Pettit, a former President ; by Hon. Dimner Beeber, a judge of the Superior Court of Pennsylvania, on the nation's responsibility in the treatment of our new possessions ; by Hon. J. G. Schurman, President of the Philippines Commission and of Cornell University, who spoke on the Philip- pines, and by Hon. John D. Long, Secretary of the Navy, who upheld the Government policy toward those islands. 319 CHAPTER XIX THE LIBRARY AND ART COLLECTION INCIDENTAL UNION LEAGUE PUBLICATIONS The Union Club began as a club in the generally The Club accepted sense of the word, a social gathering of sym- militant pathizers in the common object, good-fellowship the primary consideration in the furtherance of the main end. When it merged into the Union League, the outcome was a strong club militant. Few among the greater clubs of this or other countries stand on so massive a foundation-stone, like some Egyptian mon- olith, grand in its severe simplicity, and on it graven the declaration of patriotic devotion to the Union. The Union League has the right and honor to come within Carlyle's definition of club pedigree, "bodies of Men uniting themselves by a sacred vow, Geliibde ; which word and thing have passed over to us in a singularly dwindled condition ; Club we now call it; and the vow, if sacred, does not aim very high." The cynical phi- losopher somewhat mistakes the corner-stone for the foundation-stone, or he would have allowed for a superstructure of grace and lightness upon the stern groundwork. This is a law of nature: first the prac- tical and then the ornate; toil and strugforle followed by earned repose. The Union League has its corner- stone of art, literature, and recreation for mind and body. All work and no play for brain and muscle is a 320 The Library and Art Collection sorry doctrine, and happily now well out of fashion, even in latter-day schools of philosophy. The vow is there still, indelible in the heart, sacred as ever, and will blaze forth with the old flame when the sky is again palled with the old darkness, but the glory kindled by the " Men " of the first days, so far from having dwindled, still spreads its cheery light and gilds present duty with refining pleasures. So we pass from the council chambers and the armories piled with weap- ons and ammunition for use in political war, into the upper region, where the trophies of peaceful arts allure to rest with new delights. A fighting club it can not but be, because its ^^ ^^^^^ ^^^ founders were fighting men, and the books on its fighting shelves were at first fighting books. That was to be ^oo*^^ expected. Happily for their successors, those wise men were not men of one idea as library-founders, as they were in the founding of the club's political creed. Mr. Boker was evidently the good genius of the liter- ary sanctum, and he knew books from the inside. The first officials of the Union League had among them cultured gentlemen of the old school, and, with all its drawbacks from the present overpractical view- points, the stiff schooling of the period gave a taste and a depth in the fine art of reading. Their immediate object was to equip with the The library substantial of knowledge for the work in hand. The develops library began with works of reference, useful for every purpose ; with histories, especially of our own country, and the sdrring times that gave birth to the Union League. Biographies next, particularly of great Amer- 21 321 The Union League of Philadelphia icans, and following these came standard works in lit- erature, art, science, and travel, besides innumerable pamphlets, papers, and official reports. Great diffi- culty was encountered during the first few years in The library getting donations of books or money. Each annual grows report had its appeal or spurring paragraph, until the ninth, for 1871, announced the arrival of fine success, the library having then over 3200 volumes, besides a rich array of reviews, periodicals, and bound newspapers, representing an outlay of $4150. How sagaciously the committee planned is seen in their modest state- ment that "the selection of works has been a judicious one," and they believe that " by persevering in the same direction, and with the same view as to what the library in the end shall be, at no distant day we shall possess a collection that will atone by its breadth and usefulness for its failure in elegance and luxury. There are books that are tools and books that are ornaments. Your committee has sought to supply you with the former homely class before yielding to the enticements of the latter." To-day the library contains over 10,000 volumes, including standard works of reference, history, biog- raphy, fiction, poetry and drama, letters and essays, travels and explorations, science and useful arts, sociology, fine arts and amusements, philosophy and religion, and translations of many foreign works of value. Among the periodicals subscribed for are the lead- ing pictorial and literary weeklies of London, Paris, and Berlin ; the foremost monthlies in each class Over ten thousand volumes 322 The Library atid Art Collection published abroad, and a very extensive selection of the best American periodicals and newspapers, cover- ing the whole country and every branch of serial ^^j ^^^^. literature. About fifty American daily newspapers papers are filed. The standard year-books, directories, and similar works of reference, foreign and home, are provided. All the Government publications and many foreign official documents are also on file, so that the Library Committee is perplexed with the problem how to display the ever-growing stock in a too scanty space. In 1892 the Board of Directors received a legacy The George of $5000 from the estate of George S. Pepper, a ^- Pepper member, for the purchase of desirable books. In acknowledgment of this benefaction the donor's por- trait in oil has been placed in the library. The Pepper fund has been so admirably administered that the library now possesses books of a kind seldom found in clubs, including rare editions of works dear to the lover of high literature, exquisite examples of the artist bookbinder's craft, and art-books in which the connoisseur can revel. Not a few of the finest sets 61 works in these departments are the gifts of members, and the same is true of a large proportion of almost every other class of books upon the shelves. Nothing more strikingly impresses the visitor with the spirit of loyalty and affection, manifested from first to last by members of the Union League in and to their organi- zation, than these and other gifts they have made it. This is further emphasized in the art collection. The shrine fitly matches its precious treasure ; it is a library in all essentials. One feels in the spirit 323 The Union League or Philadelphia The shrine of book lovers The readers upon entering, which is the true test of any book- room's character. The silent floor ; the hospitable greeting of hosts of unshelved books ; the solemn mien of the old-time dignitaries in full-dress leather robes, keeping watch and ward on the frivolous ephemerae from the windows of their mummy cases ; the pervading odor of book sanctity, and the seductive beckoning of the open-armed cosy chairs, each with its magic cushion, on which, by a touch of the nearest of the thousand lamps of Aladdin on the shelves, the reader can transport himself to the realm of faery, and mayhap sometimes into the land of Nod. During winter and summer the library maintains an even temperature, as does the serenity of its habitues, in happy contrast with the occasional exuber- ance of the chess devotees in the northern wing. Stray visitors come in to view the regiments of books and the denizens of the restful chamber. They may see old men and young, students of formidable volumes, devourers ot the new knowledge-books, scanners of trivial fiction, perusers of the picture publications and philosophic digesters of learned home or foreign editorials. Here come representatives of all orders of the clergy, mostly on the feast of St. Monday ; of the army and navy, of the learned pro- fessions ; men of business and public affairs, with a sprinkling of penfolk and pencil magicians, and one and ail can find the food for which they pine. The portraits on the walls carry one back to a glorious past, for where shall a single face recall a mightier eloquence than the painting of Daniel Webster, his 324 o I I The Library and Art Collection characteristic gloom lit to radiance by the genius of the portrayer? The portraits of the statesmen and soldiers illustrate other grades of glory. The halls and corridors leading from the library proper are also being adapted to library purposes, and the whole is in charge of the learned and courteous librarian, Alfred Lee. To speak of an art collection without some enumer- ^j^^ ^ , ation of its features is necessarily unsatisfactory, yet collection the mere giving of an inventory is unsatisfying. The secret of artistic charm in a house lies in the harmoni- ous and elevating effect produced on the mind, not ot the casual visitor only, but of those whose eyes grow familiar with the details as with the ensemble. To be dazzled by a brilliant display is one sort of pleasure, and the continual discovery of new and subtle beauties in the few art works one possesses at home is another and richer delight. The Art Association within the union Union League, for it is a voluntary organization, has League Art combined these distinct aims in the happiest way. The "Art Association of the Union League of Phila- delphia" was formed in 1882 "for the purpose of procuring for presentation to the Union League such objects of art, decoration and adornment as good taste may suggest and the Board of Directors may accept." The yearly subscription was fixed at $5.00. Its first president was William B. Bement ; treasurer, Joseph Storm Patterson ; secretary, Joseph B. Wilson ; with an advisory committee consisting of J. Raymond Claghorn, Theophilus P. Chandler, Jr., and J. E. Car- penter. By its second year the membership had grown to 359. The purchase was then reported of 325 The Union League of Philadelphia the bronze statuette in the cafe, a cavalier of the time of Louis XIV; the pair of Cashmere onyx vases, and a gold medal majolica vase from the Milan exhibition, these being in addition to various articles obtained the previous year. Some criticisms were offered, one being adverse to the purchase of anything but pictures. The Association replied that art works of every kind ought to be represented in the Union League House. It appealed — and the echo should not be let die — for a wider expression of interest in the work of grace which, like charity, begins, and should continue, in such a home. "We would ask, then, the personal interest and sohcitations of all who are now enrolled in an effort to increase our member- ship. If all lend a little personal effort in this matter, we will very shortly see an accumulation of articles of vertu that will render our Club apartments more comfortable, home-like, and Seeking art gratifying to the eye. We know that ornament, pictures, statues, adornments ^nd the like, add no ease to the cushions on which we sit, or flavor to the viands from the kitchen ; but there is an indescribable sense of comfort that one experiences, when surrounded by the harmonies ot color and of form, that makes him feel the place possessing them is indeed charming and delightful, and insensi- bly gives a feeling of luxurious ease and pleasure." When the Art Association began its work the Union League possessed only a few paintings, and these were mostly portraits. The current expenses of the club were such, and the need for keeping the property in order and for necessary improvements so imperative, that no sum was available for interior dec- oration or works of art. The rooms of the club-house 326 Tlie Library and Art Collection \iiix^ provided with furniture, hangings, and draperies, but there were no pictures, bronzes, clocks, vases, and other ornaments. The Art Association undertook to adorn the house, and though compelled to make its contributions slowly, it persevered, and has succeeded in accomplishing much. The parlor contains sev- eral splendid paintings by eminent artists — handsome mantle clock and vases — one of the finest of Russian bronzes, "The Cossacks," which was shown in exhibi- "jheCos- tions in this country and received the very highest sacks" commendation. The smoking-room has a bronze, "The Runners," greatly admired because of its ex- ..jj^g ceptional beauty and merit, and this room also con- Runners" tains several fine paintings. The dining-rooms, cafes, and halls give evidence of the work of the Art Asso- ciation. The magnificent clock in the hall was its gift, and the fine bronze at the smoking-room door and those in the old cafe also were presented by the Asso- ciation. I A perusal of the reports from 1883 to 1890 will show how active, judicious, and successful the work ot the Art Association has been. In all, it has expended — and has freely given — some ^40,000 to the Union League, in treasures which are made the permanent property of the Union League. Some of the pieces pjne paint- have cost very large sums. In 1897 Grolleron's mill- ings tary painting "An Episode of the Battle of Loigny," was secured at an outlay of $2592, and in the same year the Art Association undertook to raise $2000, apart from its regular contributions, to buy Ridgway Knight's painting "Soir d'Ete," Mr. John H. Converse 327 The Union Leagtce of Philadelphia having offered to pay the other moiety of the price. The painting represents a summer evening on the River Seine. It has also presented the following valuable paintings: "The Barbarini Palace," "If I Were Pope," "Soldiers Halt at an Inn," "The Gate of Agra," "The Zither Player," "A Whiff of Comfort," "The Duel," "Dogs in the Wood," and "Charge of the Cuirassiers." The officers of the Art Association at present are : President, E. Burgess Warren ; treasurer, James Butterworth ; secretary, Charles K. Barns ; advisory committee, R. Dale Benson, John H. Converse, and Edward T. Stotes- bury. From time to time the Art Association has assisted in the public art exhibitions undertaken by the Union League on its own account. The latest and most Art Loan notable of these, the Art Loan Exhibition of 1899, was open from May nth to May 27th, and was at- tended by over 47,000 persons. The General Commit- tee having charge of that most successful exhibition consisted of R. Dale Benson, Chairman ; E. Burgess Warren, P. A. B. Widener, John H. Converse, Henry B. Ashmead, Justus C. Strawbridge, Charles F. Has- eltine, and the House Committee — Lincoln K. Pass- more, Henry S. Grove, Charles S. Forsyth, Edward T. Stotesbury, and George R. Howell. The Committee on Exhibition was Charles F. Haseltine, Chairman ; E. Burgess Warren, P. A. B. Widener, John H. Con- verse, Henry B. Ashmead, and Justus C. Strawbridge ; the Committee on Arrangements, Lincoln K. Pass- more, Chairman ; Henry S. Grove, Charles S. Forsyth, 328 Exhibition of 1899 3 O I D I O O I O 77,!^ Library and Art Collectio7i Edward T. Stotesbury, and George R. Howell ; and the Committee on Insurance, Henry W. Brown, Chair- man ; J. E. Hyneman, and John W. Buckman. The amount of insurance carried was ^1,530,000, at a premium cost to the Union League of $2986. The pictures, numbering two hundred and forty-three, were valued at $1,530,000. The total cost to the Union League of the exhibition was $4707. The lenders of the pictures generously intrusted the best of their col- lections to the Directors, and the paintings represented the most eminent old and modern masters of each European school and nationaHty, as also American artists of the standing of Winslow Homer, Seymour Guy, Joseph Jefferson, Ridgway Knight, and George Inness. The report says: "It is fair to characterize this as the most unique and remark- able exhibition of paintings ever placed under one roof in this city. . . . Never before, as has been stated, has there been displayed in one hall so great a number of works of art of the old masters, and by the most renowned modern painters. The paint- ings came entirely from the private collections of our own citi- zens. " The permanent collection of art treasures in the ^rt treasures Union League House is a fine exhibition in itself. A of the Union few of these have been mentioned in relation with League other matters ; but it is desirable to give a general idea of the extent and quality of the pictures, sculp- tures, bronzes, and other articles of vertu adorning the halls and apartments. To name more than the few donors whose gifts have received special official re- 329 The Union League of Philadelphia Busts "America Honoring Her Fallen Brave" The astrono- mical clock cognition would be unfitting in this place, neither may money values be indicated in detail. Where so many members have during so long a period enriched the House by gracious acts of every degree of generosity, the present tribute should be all-inclusive. The main hall is peopled with marble busts of national leaders, a stately company that dignify the House and strike the key-note of patriotic feeling as one crosses its portal. Two fine busts of Washington hold the place of honor, one a replica of Houdon's most lifelike masterpiece, for which he came from France to Mount Vernon and took a mask of his illustrious subject. Around him are Lincoln, Franklin, Jackson, Clay, Webster, Jay, Generals Howard and Sheridan, — these in marble, — and bronze busts of General Meade, Charlemagne Tower, and M. Labou- laye. At the restaurant end of this galaxy, as if wondering how he happens to be among successful revolutionaries and warriors, stands the English apostle of free trade and peace-at-any-price, Richard Cobden, the gift of one who prized his sturdy cham- pionship of the Union during the struggle. The large piece of statuary, " America Honoring Her Fallen Brave," is valued at five thousand dollars. It is the work of J. Henry Hazeltine (Rome, 1867). The famous Tiffany astronomical clock cost sixteen hundred dollars. It tells : 1. The time of day. 2. The time of the rising and setting of the sun. 3. The time at any moment, in the leading cities of the world. 330 The Library and Art Collection 4. The phases of the moon. 5. The days of the week. 6. The days of the month. 7. The difference between solar and terrestrial time. 8. The present year and its relation to the bis- sextile year. The Union League is rich in life-size oil portraits, a galaxy of which are distributed throughout the House, the large portraits banquet hall or assembly room being filled with admirable likenesses of the nation's great men and heroes. Probably every native artist of note is repre- sented in this gallery of celebrities. Sully's large equestrian portrait of Washington has the place of honor in the assembly room, where also is a heroic bust of General Grant, in marble over the mantel, and a large painting of General Meade at Gettysburg. There are portraits in oil, full length or half length, of Generals Thomas, Halleck, Fremont, Hooker, Sheridan, Burnside, McCall, Hancock, Reynolds, Birney, Pope, Sherman, Grant, Scott, Geary, and Hartranft ; of Admirals Dupont, Goldsborough, Read, and Foote ; of Major McEwen, Chief Justice Marshall, Secretary Stanton, Judge AUison, Presidents Lincoln, Garfield, Arthur, and Harrison, Vice-presidents Hannibal HamHn and Schuyler Colfax ; of Thaddeus Stevens, Andrew G. Curtin, John Sergeant, Charles Gibbons, James L. Claghorn, Willliam D. Kelley, and Horace Binney. In the smoking-room is the valuable painting of President Lincoln, and in the restaurant a large painting of General Lafayette at Valley Forge. 331 The Union League of Philadelphia Portraits of Union League Presidents "TlieDuel" "Tlie Zither Player" " The Bar- barini Palace" Portraits in the library In what is known as the Presidents' Room are portraits in oil of the men who have served as Presi- dents of the Union League. These are, in their order of succession, William M. Meredith, J. Gilling- ham Fell, Horace Binney, Jr., Morton McMichael, John P. Verree, Charles E. Smith, George H. Boker, Edwin N. Benson, William C. Houston, Edwin H. Fitler, John Russell Young, Silas W. Pettit, and C. Stuart Patterson. The present incumbent's portrait (Joseph G. Darlington) will be added at the expiration of his term. Of the thirteen past Presidents, three survive, Benson, Pettit, and Patterson. Among the landscape and figure paintings may be noted several charming examples by famous artists. "The Duel," by Flameng, valued at ^3000; "Water- loo," by Berkely, $1200 ; "The Zither Player," in six- teenth century costume, by Macari, ^1000 ; "The Bar- barini Palace," by Rico, ^3000. There are a number of marine views and genre pieces, each of considerable pecuniary value, though the art value of most of the exhibits has been the ruling consideration. There are also a large variety of ornamental bronzes, vases, medallions, etchings, engravings, and photographs scattered through the halls and rooms, of unique interest and rare value. In the library are portraits of George S. Pepper, its benefactor, Gideon Welles, Henry W. Longfellow, A. E. Borie, Admiral Porter, Simon Cameron, Daniel Webster, Andrew Jackson, John F. Hartranft, General Grant, George and Martha Washington, Daniel Smith, and Count Cavour, a 332 Memorial Tablet Union League Regiments in War of the Rebellion The Library and Art Collection bronze bust of M. Laboulaye, marble busts of T. Buchanan Read and Zachary Taylor, and a large painting by Cammerance, "The Sacking of Alta- jng of Aka- mura," valued at $3000. Also two large and fine mura" etchings, " Limbourg Cathedral" and "St. Michael's Tower," besides various bronzes and plaques. Addi- tions are continually being made to the Union League collection, by donation and by purchase. Perhaps the finest work of art the Union League ^'^^ '^*'"°" TT Ml ••111 . -i , rial to the House will contam is the elaborate memorial to the jjnion Union League regiments serving in the Civil War. League regi- It is a bronze tablet in high relief, by the eminent '"^^ * sculptor Henry K. Bush-Brown. The extreme meas- urement is twelve feet in height by eight feet in width, and the estimated cost is about ^9000. It will be placed upon the north wall of the old cafe. As it commemorates the equipment of the Union League regiments during the Civil War, the central feature of this tablet is the Goddess of War bringing munitions to the soldiers. A uniformed soldier on the right of the group of figures is reaching up for the implements which the goddess is bringing. Opposite to him is a group of soldiers being led to the front by drummer boy and standard-bearer. Beside them as they pass is a woman kneeling, holding her infant son to see the departing soldiers ; she sees only the troops, while his attention is directed upward to the goddess, and he holds up his hands for his gun, prophetic of the future defenders of the Republic. This tablet in hio-h relief is flanked by columns and surmounted by an arch. On each side of it are spaces devoted to 333 The Union League of Philadelphia Union inscriptions, naming the regiments raised by the Union League and their commanding officers, being flanked by pilasters, which, with the columns, carry an entab- lature and surmounting arch. This forms a triptic, the relief in the middle and tablet inscriptions on each side ; which triptic is supported by an architectural bracket, also with an inscription. Sitting on the cornice on each side are cupids bearing shields with the dates 1861-1865. The Union League has at various times issued publications other than its annual reports and mem- League pub- bers' lists, of which the following is a record since the lications g^^j.^ ^f Publication was disbanded in 1868. They are collected in two bound volumes. Decembej , iS'ji, 1. Reception to George H. Boker. September, 1S84. 2. Catalogue of tlie Library. October, iSyj. 3. To the members of the Union League. Address of the Committee of Sixty-two on Municipal Govern- ment. November, i8y8. 4. Report of the Committee on Municipal Government. January, iSyg. 5. In Memoriam — Henry Armitt Brown, J. Gillingham Fell, Morton McMichael : a paper by Edwin N. Benson. April, iSyg. 6. Addresses at the Reception to Governor Henry M. Hoyt, January, i88j. 7. "Illiteracy": An address by Hon. John Eaton. December, 1887. 8. The League for the Union : 1862-1887, Twenty-fifth Anniversary of the organization of the Union League. February, 18S8. 9. " The Union League during the War": Edwin N. Benson. (Prepared for the United Service Club.) April, iSgj. 10. General Grant's Birthday Ban- quet. 334 TJie Library and Art Collection January, iSg4. 11. A protest against the Wilson Tariff Bill. October, iSgy. 12. Catalogue of the Library. January, i8g8. 13. "The National Financial Sys- tem" : Addresses by Hon. Geo. F. Edmunds and C. Stuart Patterson, Esq 14. Minutes of a special meeting of the Union League called to consider the Report of the Monetary Commis- sion. February, iSgg. 15. Address of President Joseph G. Darlington, introducing the United States Peace Commissioners. 16. Address of Booker T. Washing- ton, prepared for the " Lincoln Din- ner. ' ' 17. "Lincoln Dinner." Speeches of Joseph G. Darlington, Hampton L. Carson, and Marcus A. Brownson. 18. " For the Greater Republic : Not for Imperialism." Address by Senator Albert J. Beveridge. 20. "Our Foreign Policy." An address by Hon. John M. Thurston. April, iSgg. 19. Testimonial Banquet to Charles E. Clark, U. S. N., raander of the " Oregon." Capt. Com- November, i8gg. 21. Founders' Day Banquet dresses. Ad- Union League pub- lications March, /goo. 22. Expansion of Territory, Expan- sion of Trade. Address by Hon. Wil- liam P. Frye, Senator from Maine. 23. Business Vicissitudes, a Back- ward Look. Address by Hon. Lyman J. Gage, Secretary of the Treasury. April, igoo. 24. Puerto Rico. Address by Hon. Joseph B. Foraker, Senator from Ohio. October, igoo. 25. Address by Hon. Henry Cabot Lodge, Senator from Massachusetts, un- der the auspices of the Union League, at the Academy of Music, Philadelphia. A^ovejnber, igoo. 26. Founders' Day Banquet Ad- dresses. January, igoi. 27. Our Place Among the Nations. Address by Hon. David J. Hill, First Assistant Secretary of State of the United States. Publications relating to the Art Association : December, iSjo. I. Catalogue of the First Art Re- ception of the Union League. February, 1S82. 2. Articles of Association of the Art Association. 335 The Union League of Philadelphia 3. Rules and Regulations of the Art i88j. Association. 5. Fifth Annual Report of the Art Association. ^^^4- May, i8gg. 4. Second Annual Report of the 6. Report of the Art Loan Exhibi- Art Association. tion of the Union League. 336 CHAPTER XX THE FINANCES AND MEMBERSHIP I. COST OF THE UNION LEAGUE PROPERTIES The following statement gives in chronological order the dates of opening of the two rented buildings Cost of the first occupied by the Union League, and the subse- Union ■ r 1 T? • T TT League quent occupation oi the present union League House properties on Broad Street, with the various disbursements in the acquirement and improvement of the present proper- ties. The investment made has been ^711,964.43, which was increased by personal contributions from members $43,630, making a total of $755,594-43. 1863. January 22, opened No. IIlS Chestnut Street. Trustees were authorized to purchase lot of ground, lOO feet front and 200 feet deep, bounded by Broad, Sansom, and Moravian Streets, for $45,000, and to erect a suitable house thereon at a cost not to exceed ^75,°o°- 1864. August 18, opened No. 1216 Chestnut Street. 1865. May II, Union League House opened. August 17, Trustees transferred property to the Union League. $120,000 6^ mortgage bonds issued, maturing January i, 1885, $120,000 00 Contributions from members, . 32,040 17 From treasury, 24,347 10 Cost of ground, building, and permanent fixtures to date, 176,387 27 Amount carried forward $176,387 27 22 337 The Union League of Philadelphia 1866-69. Amount brought forward, Cost of the Extending iron girders and brick walls on third story, yjjJQf) additional quarters for servants, ventilators, tin League roofs, coal vaults, gas pipes, iron railing, decor- properties ^''°g> picture molding, installation of heating apparatus, etc., Purchased No. 1419 Moravian Street, .... Purchased No. 1412 Sansom Street, 1871-72. Purchased No. 1421 Moravian Street, Purchased No. 1414 Sansom Street, No. 131 South Fifteenth Street was purchased in 1872 for ^11,564.24. A mortgage of ^10,000 was created. In 18S0 the mortgage was paid and canceled. In 1 88 1 the property was dis- posed of to provide funds for other improve- ments. ^176,387 27 5,919 01 7.323 53 3,416 58 5.827 13 16,825 63 13,242 54 9.243 71 1879. ^75,000 ^fo ten-year mortgage bonds issued July I, to purchase and cancel balance of outstanding bfc bonds issued in 1865. " The Annex," consisting of the Bowling Alley, main Billiard Room, and Assembly Hall, erected on the site occupied by the Garden and 1412 and 1414 Sansom Street and 1419 and 1421 Moravian Street, costing, Contributed by members, 1886-87. An additional room built on the second floor for meetings of the Directors and Committees, the Secretary's office and small cafS extended to the line on Sansom Street, and toilet rooms and lavatories extended to the line on Moravian Street, Amount carried forward. 338 42,582 75 32,500 00 10,082 75 23.174 50 $248,956 40 The Finances and Membership 1887. Amount brought forward, ... Purchased No. 1416 Sansom Street, . . . 8,250 00 Purchased No. 1423 Moravian Street, ... . 3.000 00 $7S,ooo S% mortgage bonds issued in 1879 were paid. ^248,956 40 Cost of the Union 11,250 00 League properties " The Benson Annex," adjoining the main Billiard Room, erected on the site occupied by 141 6 Sansom Street and 1423 Moravian Street, cost- ing, Contributed by ex-President Edwin N. Benson, . . Bathing rooms and swimming pool in the basement, . 1892-3-4. Purchased No. 1425 Moravian Street, Third story of main building altered into sleeping rooms. The large cafe built, new kitchen, elevator, steam, electric and ice plants installed, An issue of ^200,000 4^^% mortgage bonds was authorized, of which ^175,000 were sold. $25,000 remaining in the treasury. 15,794 26 10,130 00 5,664 26 1,128 04 8,202 49 140,752 1895. Purchased Nos. 1420, 1422, 1424, and 1426 Sansom Street and Nos. 1427 and 1429 Moravian Street. A mortgage was created and satisfied within two years from date with funds received from entrance and life membership fees. 1896. Purchased Nos. 123, 125, 127, 129, 131, and 133 South Fifteenth Street and Nos. 143 1 and 1433 Moravian Street, A mortgage of $180,000 was created and $32,598.40 paid with funds received from entrance and life membership fees. Amount carried forward, 75.464 65 212,598 40 $704,017 12 339 The Union League of Philadelphia Cost of the Union League properties Amount brought forward, ... Rear porch and garden built on the site formerly oc- cupied by Nos. 1420, 1422, 1424, and 1426 Sansom Street and Nos. 1427, 1429, 1431, and 1433 Moravian Street, ^704,017 12 6,000 00 Store-room built over the Benson Annex, Amount charged on boolcs for Real Estate, . . The ^32,040. 17 contributed by members to build the Union League House in 1865 vras entered on the books as funds of the Union League. Contributed by members in 1881 for " The Annex," 32,500 co Contributed by ex-President Edwin N. Benson for ■ memorial windovv^ commemorative of ex-Presi- dents Meredith, Fell, Binney, and McMichael, 1,000 00 Contributed by ex-President Edwin N. Benson in 1 8go for billiard-room annex, 10,130 00 Fifteenth and Moravian Streets mortgages. 1,947 31 711,964 43 Total, Mortgage Mortgage indebtedness, October 31, 1900: indebtedness Bonds of the Union League, 145,000 00 With Trustee % Sinking Fund, 9,16667 135.833 33 100,000 00 43,630 00 S75S,594 43 S235.833 33 The Union League owns the buildings and block of ground bounded by Broad Street, Fifteenth Street, Sansom, and Moravian Streets, with the exception of No. 1 41 8 Sansom Street, which it has leased until March 23, 1908. 2. UNION LEAGUE INCOME AND EXPENDITURE The following statement, by Edward T. Stotesbury, Treasurer, gives in condensed form the income and expenses of the Union League for the fiscal year end- 340 firTEESTH Slf^EET 00 o /Hd HEctr^T'-Y PiJF^eilyisED PF^opiLr\TiES Bfio/iD Street o z 3 The Finances and Membership Union ue ing October 31, 1900. The funds of the Union League, by order of the Board of Directors, are divided into two accounts — the "Income Account," Le^gi containing the annual tax and sundry receipts and funds expenses, and the "Capital Account," containing all entrance and life membership fees and sinking fund and real estate purchase payments. INCOME ACCOUNT By Balance, October 31, 1899 " Annual tax, " Restaurant receipts, . . . " Library, sale of old periodicals, " Billiards, " Bowling, " Shuffleboards, . . . . ' ' Bathing-room and pool, . . " Wardrobes, " Lodging, . " Bicycle department, " Playing-cards, ... . . " Interest on deposits, " Rents of 15th Street properties, " Sale of household effects, " Sundries, Recripts Expenditures To Restaurant, . . " Library, " Billiards, " Bowling, " Shuffleboards, . . . " Bathing -room and pool, " Lodging, , . . " Bicycle department, . . " Playing-cards, .... ^17,001 38 110,580 00 189,649 92 56 83 5.332 80 91 76 12 56 50 82 296 55 4,945 50 364 59 19 00 1,473 88 5,823 05 1,380 57 282 51 Income receipts, igoo fe37,36i 72 ^184,517 78 Expendi- 3,929 37 tures, igoo 4,273 70 703 17 218 16 199 83 704 53 852 40 22 95 Amount carried forward. ^195,421 89 341 The Union League of Philadelphia Income expenditures, igoo Expenditures — ( Continued ) Amount brought forward, ^195,421 89 To Laundry, 2,616 51 Electric-light plant, I7>93i °1 Ice-plant, 1,477 5^ Receptions, 3,388 00 Interest on Union League bonds and mortgage, 10,461 44 Taxes, League House and properties Water rent, Repairs, commissions, etc., 15th Street properties, .... Insurance premiums, Tickers, telephones, and news bulletins, Uniforms, new, cleaning and repairing, New household effects, Repairs to League House, Repairs to household effects, .... . . . . Printing and stationery, Salaries and board, house employees House supplies, History of the Union League (on account), Billiard and pool tournament (1899), Sundries, , . , . Balance 34)565 9,621 91 420 05 626 06 4,487 25 1,542 00 970 6s 2,402 95 2,238 18 7,672 74 5,012 64 22,517 10 5,736 31 783 00 120 53 7,348 08 34,565 78 1337,361 72 CAPITAL ACCOUNT Capital receipts, I goo Expendi- tures, I goo Receipts By Balance, October 31, 1899, *' Bond premium account, ** 59 entrance fees at ;^200, . , *' 3 Life Membership fees at ^ " Interest on deposits, . . , $11,171 14 273 75 11,800 00 1,500 00 121 77 §24,866 66 Expenditures To Sinking Fund, " $in,ooo mortgage on isth and Moravian Streets properties, re- duced to $100,000, . . .... . ... Balance, $9,166 67 11,000 00 4,699 99 $24,866 66 342 The Finances and Membership SINKING FUND ACCOUNT Bonds of the Union League sold March I, 1894, ^175,000 00 First series, matured and paid March i, 1899 30,000 00 Sinkinff Bonds outstanding at the close of the fiscal year ending October 31, fund '9°°' 145,000 00 g^^Q^j^t With the Trustee of Sinking Fund for redemption of second series bonds maturing March 1 , 1904, 9, 166 67 Bonded indebtedness October 31, igco ^I35>833 33 GEORGE S. PEPPER LIBRARY FUND Balance in Bank, ... JS30 36 GEORGE S. PEPPER TRUST FUND Loaned to the Union League of Philadelphia on demand at 4 per Lieorge 0. cent., . .... ^2560 00 P«PPer Trust Balance in Bank, . . . . . . 190 00 Fund S2750 00 BALANCE SHEET Assets Deposit for permanent insurance, |S3o6"''72 iT„JQn _ f stock on hand, . . |lo,83I 71 i „,„,,<. Restaurant ^ , , , «» > j / League L due by members, ... ... 9,477 43 r Income account .... ^34,565 78 Cash X Capital account, ... 4,699 99 ^. Office cash, .... ... 1,500 00 40,765 77 Household effects (appraisement December 20, 1900,^220,083.26), 135,173 74 ,' Broad and Sansom Streets, . . . . $499,366 03 Real estate <,,,,. r, o "5th and Moravian Streets, .... 212,598 40 711,964 43 balance 20,309 14 sheet, Octo- ber 31, IQOO ■\\ 8,519 80 Liabilities George S. Pepper Trust Fund, $2,560 00 Bonds of the Union League, 135,833 33 Mortgage on 15th and Moravian Streets properties, 100,000 00 Balance, .... .... ... ... 670,126 47 519 80 EDWARD T. STOTESBURY, October 2 1, igoo Treasurer 343 The Union League of Philadelphia Union League membership, October 31, igcxi 3. THE UNION LEAGUE MEMBERSHIP The membership on October 31, 1900, was as follows : Honorary Roll (Limit, lo), .... .... 5 Active Roll (Limit, 1800), . 1794 Active Life Roll (Limit, 150), 150 1949 f Army, Navy, and Consular Roll 39 1 Clerical Roll, 86 _I2_S Total, ... . 2074 There were 1323 applications for active member- ship on the candidates' register October 31, 1900. Active roll since organi- zation The following statement shows the active member- ship, entrance fee, and annual tax since organization : 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870. 1871 1872 1873 1874, 187s 1876, 1877 1878 1879: 1880^ 1881 No. OF F.NT EMBERS. Fee 968 «25 1 1 29 25 1760 25 1970 25 1 80s 25 1765 25 1858 25 1746 25 1740 25 1800 2,5 186I 25 1666 100 1558 50 1434 50 II8I 50 874 5° 851 50 938 50 978 50 Tax. «25 1882, 25 1883, 25 1884, 25 1885, 35 1886, 25 1887, 25 1888, 25 1889, 25 1890, 25 1891, 35 1892, 35 i893> 25 1894, 40 1895 3° 1896, 40 1897, 40 189S, 40 1899, 40 1900, No. OF Members. Ent. Fee. Tax. I081 S50 $40 • • "53 50 40 1213 50 40 1250 50 40 1250 50 40 . . 1250 50 40 1322 1 00 50 . . . 1322 100 50 . . 1400 100 50 1400 100 50 . . . 1500 100 50 1500 100 50 1500 200 so . . . 1500 1600 200 200 50 60 • • 1735 . . 1798 200 200 60 60 1798 200 60 1794 200 60 Note. — On December lo, 1900, the entrance fee was increased to 344 The Finances and Membership 1897, ACTIVE LIFE ROLL Established December 9, 1895. Transfer fee, $500 No. OF Members. 39 100 129 1899, 1900, No. OF Members. . 150 150 Active Life Roll CORRESPONDENTS' ROLL Established January 11, '1870 No. OF Annual Members. Tax. 1870, .... 29 ^10 1878, I87I, .... . . 67 10 1879, 1872, .... . . 107 10 1880, 1873, . . . ■ 91 10 1881, 1874, . . . . . 88 10 1882, 1875, . . . . . 102 10 18S3, 1876, . . . 90 10 1884, 1876 (Centennial As- 1885, sociates), . . • ■ 37 20 1886, 1877, .... 91 10 1887, No. OF Members. 65 . 61 Annual Tax. $15 15 Correspon- dents' Roll • 70 20 • 72 20 107 20 109 20 . 128 20 • 137 20 • 133 20 163 20 Note. — The Correspondents' Roll was abolished December 12, 1887, to take effect December i, 1888. This Roll was composed of officers of the army and navy of the United States, consuls of foreign governments, and non-resident members. The officers and consuls were given the privilege of transfer to the Army, Navy, and Consular Roll upon the payment of an annual tax of thirty dollars, and the non-resident members the privilege of becoming active members upon the payment of the entrance fee and annual tax for the year 1888. Corre- spondents, who had originally been active members of the Union League, were not required to pay a second entrance fee. ARMY, NAVY, AND CONSULAR ROLL Established November 8, 1887 No. OF Annual No. OF Annual Members. Tax. Members. Tax. I8S8, ... 22 ^30 189s, . . . 28 «30 Army, Navy, 1889, . . . 24 30 1896, . . ■ • -34 30 and Con- 1890, . 24 30 1897, . 43 30 sular Roll I89I, . 24 30 1S98, • • 44 30 1892, 28 30 1899, . ■ • 41 30 1893, ... 29 30 ! igoo. . . 44 30 1894, . . 26 30 i 345 Meredith CHAPTER XXI THE PRESIDENTS OF THE UNION LEAGUE The Union League of Philadelphia, from its organi- zation in 1863 until 1901, has had fourteen presidents. WILLIAM M. MEREDITH William M. William Morris Meredith, the first president of the Union League, was born on June 8, 1799, his father being a Philadelphia lawyer of prominence, his mother a niece of Gouveneur Morris. He received his colle- giate education at the University of Pennsylvania, and was graduated from that institution at the re- markably early age of thirteen years. He thereupon took up the study of law and was admitted to the bar several years before he had attained his majority. Mr. Meredith's public career began in 1824, when he was sent to the State Legislature as a representa- tive from Philadelphia, and, during the four years of his service in that body, was virtually its leader. A few years after his return from the Legislature, Mr. Meredith was made President of the Select Council of Philadelphia, in which capacity he served until 1 849, when he received from President Zachary Taylor the portfolio of Secretary of the Treasury. In 1837, while President of the Select Council, Mr. Meredith became a member of the convention which 346 The Presidents of the Union League met that year for the purpose of amending the Con- stitution of Pennsylvania. Subsequently, in 1873, „,.,„ , , , • 11 J / ■ -1 William M. when the second convention was called tor a similar Meredith purpose, Mr. Meredith was chosen its president ; and his comprehensive knowledge of the law and long experience in public affairs were of great assistance to the framers of the present Constitution of this State. From 1 86 1 to 1867 Mr. Meredith held the office of Attorney General of Pennsylvania. Shortly after his entrance upon his office, the Union League was in the course of its establishment, and at its first general meeting, January 22, 1863, Mr. Meredith was unani- mously chosen its first president, and at the annual meeting in December, 1864, he retired from the presi- dency and declined renomination. Upon his retire- ment in 1 864 a gold medal was presented by the Union League to Mr. Meredith ; the resolutions accompany- ing it tendering him thanks " for the valuable services which he rendered to the State and country . . . In the promotion of the object for which the League was formed." He was also elected an Honorary Mem- ber. Mr. Meredith died in Philadelphia on August 1 7, 1873- J. GILLINGHAM FELL J. Gillingham Fell, the second president of the j. Giiling- Union League, was born November 14, 1816, in ham Fell Buckingham Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, and was educated at a country school under the direc- 347 The Union League of Philadelphia tion of the Society of Friends. In 1833 he moved to Luzerne County, and for several years was connected ham Fell ^^^ the engineer corps of the Beaver Meadow Rail- road Company. It was probably then that Mr. Fell received his first knowledge of, and experience in the coal mining business, in which he afterward became so largely interested. Mr. Fell soon afterward became associated with Ario Pardee in coal and mining enterprises, and in 1839 came to Philadelphia to take charge of the firm's affairs here. About this time he was made a director in the Hazleton Coal Company, and held that office until 1868, when the Company was sold to the Lehigh Valley Railroad Company. For many years he was a director of that railroad, and was its president from 1857 to 1862. In 1873 he was elected a member of the Constitutional Convention which framed the pres- ent Constitution of Pennsylvania ; and for several years was on the Board of City Trusts of Philadel- phia. In addition to holding the position of director in the Allentown Rolling Mills, the Glendon Iron Company, the Andover Iron Company, and other important iron companies, he also was a director, until the time of his death, in the North Pennsylvania and the Philadelphia and Bound Brook Railways. During the Civil War Mr. Fell took an active in- terest in public affairs. He was an ardent supporter of the Union cause, and entered into the organization of the Union League with zeal and devotion. He was the Union League's president from 1865 until 348 Horace Binney, Jr. Tlie Presidents of the Union Leagtie 1868, and one of its vice-presidents from 1869 until his death in 1878. He was a member of the Academy of Fine Arts, and an artconnoisseur of great taste and long experience. His collection of works of art was one of the most extensive and important in Philadel- phia. He died October 26, 1878, in Philadelphia. HORACE BINNEY, JR. Horace Binney, Jr., the third president of the Union Horace League, was the eldest son of Horace Binney, one of Finney, Jr. Pennsylvania's most eminent lawyers, and was born January 21, 1809. He entered the freshman class of Yale College in the fall of 1824, and was at once recognized as a leader in a class composed of men of more than ordinary ability. Justice Strong, of the Pennsylvania Supreme Court, and Dr. Barnard, Presi- dent of Columbia College, were among his class- mates and intimate friends. Pie graduated with the highest honors, and was the valedictorian of his class. Upon his return to Philadelphia he entered upon the study of the law, was admitted to the bar on Decem- ber I, 1 83 1, immediately became an active member of the Law Academy of Philadelphia, the oldest legal society of America, and the next year was its president. He was a safe counsellor, but seldom appeared in court, though when he did his arguments were models of professional skill. His practical knowledge of the law is well shown in his testimony before a Royal Commission in 1854 appointed to inquire into the general subject of legal education in England and report to Parliament. He was especially noted for his 349 The Union League of Philadelphia Horace public spirit, and represented the highest type of citizen. For forty years he was trustee of the Epis- Binney, Jr. copal Academy, and was also a trustee of the Univer- sity of Pennsylvania. Although of a retiring nature, when occasion demanded he did not lack firmness of character, as was shown by his assuming command of a volunteer company when the suppression of riot and bloodshed required action on the part of the citizens. During the Civil War he was an ardent supporter of the policy of the Government, and was one of the organizers and charter members of the Union League. He attended its organization meeting January 22, 1863, and was unanimously elected one of the vice-pres- idents. He occupied this position until his election as president in 1869, serving until his death in 1870. His aid to the cause of the North was also shown by his interest in the health and welfare of those who were called upon to defend the country. He was the presi- dent of the Philadelphia Associates of the Sanitary Com- mission, and rendered material aid as one of that body. He died February 3, 1870, and at a meeting of the Philadelphia bar called to take appropriate action on his death, at which Chief Justice Thompson presided, resolutions of regret were offered by his former class- mate Judge Strong. At a meeting of the Union League June i, 1870, a memoir of his life was read by Dr. Charles J. Stille. His wife, who survived him, was a daughter of William Johnson, of New York, the eminent law reporter. 35° The Presidents of the Union League MORTON McMICHAEL Morton McMichael, the fourth president of the ^^^^^^ Union League, was born at BurHngton, N. J., October McMichael 2, 1807. His education was received in the schools of that city, and at the University of Pennsylvania. He was a law student in the office of David Paul Brown, and was admitted to the bar in 1827. His literary tastes early impelled him to enter the field of journalism. He was the editor of the Satur- day Evening Post in 1826, and editor-in-chief of the Saturday Courier from 1831 to 1836. He subse- quently had an interest in the Saturday Gazette. In 1 847 he acquired a half interest in the North American and United States Gazette, the oldest daily newspaper in America. In 1854 Mr. McMichael became the sole owner. He directed the influence of this powerful organ of public opinion to promote the civic and municipal interests of Philadelphia, including the estab- lishment of public schools, the consolidation of the city, and the creation of Fairmount Park. He was one of the leaders of the Republican Party of Penn- sylvania, and his counsel was sought all over the country by the principal statesmen of that organization. Early in his career he served as an alderman of the city of Philadelphia, and from 1843 to 1846 was sheriff of Philadelphia County. He was mayor of the city from 1866 to 1869, and from 1867 to his death was president of the Fairmount Park Commission. He was a Delegate-at-large to the Constitutional Conven- tion of Pennsylvania in 1873. 351 The Union League of Philadelphia Morton McMichael As a journalist, his style was direct, eloquent, and scholarly. As an orator, he won a national reputation. His orations breathe a spirit of elevated patriotism, reveal a profound appreciation of the movements of American civilization, yet glow with a finished and impassioned diction. His address as presiding officer of the Republican National Convention which renom- inated Ulysses S. Grant for President ; his oration transferring from the Park Commission to the Cen- tennial Commission the grounds for the Exposition of 1876; and his eulogium on Hon. John Welsh, were among the most notable of his public efforts. He had a refined and delicate wit, and as an after-dinner speaker was unrivaled. The regard in which he was held is Indicated in the inscription upon his statue erected in Fairmount Park : "An Honored and Beloved Citizen of Philadelphia." Mr. McMichael was one of the founders of the Union League. Plis name heads the autographic list of the members of the Union Club. He was a director of the Union League in 1863 and 1864, vice-president from 1865 to 1870, was elected president, February 19, 1870, and served until 1874. He died January 6, 1879. JOHN P. VERREE J , p John P. Verree, the fifth president of the Union Verree League, was born in Philadelphia, in the year 181 6. Early in life he entered business as a manufacturer of iron and steel. He was successful in his career, and for years was the senior partner in the firm of John P. Verree & Co., dealers in edge tools, and of the 352 John P. Verree The Presidents of the Union League firm of Verree & Mitchell, dealers in iron and steel. His business interests were many and diverse. For a long period he was President of the National Capital verree Life Insurance Company. In politics Mr. Verree was originally a Whig, and the law of gravitation naturally drew him into the Republican Party, with which he became very actively identified. For six years he was a member of Select Council, during four of which he was president of that body. In 1858 he was elected to the Congress of the United States, where he served two terms, being re- elected in i860. Always recognized as a man of sterling worth and integrity, he was in 1873 appointed by the Constitu- tional Convention of Pennsylvania a member of the Commission to supervise the vote on the new Consti- tution. This Commission, upon an appeal to the Supreme Court, was not permitted to carry out the purpose for which it was appointed, it being held that the vote should be cast and counted in the usual way. Mr. Verree was a prominent member of the Union League. He was a director from 1867 to 1873. In 1875 and 1876 he was its president, and in 1877 he served as vice-president. As one of the Committee of One Hundred, he took an important, prominent, and successful part in purifying the politics of the city. Desiring to re- tire from active politics, Mr. Verree resigned from that Committee in 1880, and from that time until his death, June 27, 1889, he lived a quiet and retired life at his home near Verree Mills, Philadelphia. 23 353 The Union League of Philadelphia CHARLES E. SMITH Charles Eastwick Smith, the sixth president of the Charles E. Union League, was born of Quaker parentage in the city of Philadelphia on the first day of November, 1820. He received in this city the rudiments of an education, which was completed by a three years' course at the Westtown Boarding School. At the age of eighteen he entered upon his business career, taking service in an engineer corps which was engaged in locating and constructing a railroad from Blossburg, Pennsylvania, to Corning, New York. His industry and ability soon brought him into prominence, and when the road was completed he was selected to be its superintendent. In 1844 he returned to Philadelphia, and entered business for himself, and in 1846 he built the Fair- mount Rolling Mill. Owing to the repeal of the then tariff law, the business became unprofitable, and Mr. Smith disposed of his interest. He then accepted the management of the Rennselaer Iron Works at Troy, New York. A firm believer in high tariff and government pro- tection, Mr. Smith organized the American Iron Asso- ciation, now the American Iron and Steel Association, for the purpose of compelling the Government to adopt a protective tariff. This Association was and is the most famous coalition created in the iron industry. To form this Association Mr. Smith canvassed the en- tire State of Pennsylvania on foot, traveling more than twenty-five hundred miles, and his report on the subject 354 The Presidents of the Union Leag?ie of the state of the iron trade was presented to Con- gress and printed. In May, 1861, he was elected president of the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad, smith and when he resigned his ofifice in 1869, the road for excellence was second to none in the land. Mr. Smith was an ardent supporter of the Union cause, and as president of the great coal railroad, his staunch loyalty was of the greatest advantage to the Government. His ever-watchful vigilance, where his country's in- terests were concerned, enabled him to break up many of the disloyal combinations which sought to cripple the Government by tying up its coal-supply, and to put a stop to much of the wholesale robbery by fraudulent freight charges and false tonnage ac- counts. For his many services he was repeatedly thanked by the Administration. After resigning from the presidency of the railroad in 1869, he retired from active business. Mr. Smith always occupied a high social position. He was an energetic member of the Academy of Natural Sciences, and up to the date of his death, as a member of its Committee on Publication he read the proof of every scientific paper accepted by the society for publication. On January 14, 1863, he became a member of the Union League, and immediately took a prominent part in its affairs. He was elected vice-president in 1S75 and 1876, and president in 1877 and 1878. Mr. Smith died in Philadelphia on the 15th day of April, 1900. 355 The Union League of Philadelphia GEORGE H. BOKER „ „ George Henry Boker, the seventh president of the Boker Union League, was of an English Quaker family, and was born in Philadelphia, October 6, 1823. He was educated at Princeton College, and during his course there began his literary work, which he continued all his life notwithstanding his many important duties. He studied law but did not practice. Shortly after his graduation from Princeton he married Miss Riggs, of Baltimore. Mr. Boker began life as a Democrat, but upon its formation he turned to the new Republican organiza- tion, and to it gave his unstinted devotion and practical service until his death. A scholar and a man of wealth, he always maintained his sympathy with the people, and in 1862, with J. I. Clark Hare and several other gentlemen, formed the Union Club. From this sprang the Union League, of which Mr. Boker was the secretary from 1863 to i87i,a direc- tor from 1863 to 1874, and in 1878, and the president from 1879 to 1884. In the early days of the Union League, when trials and buffetings came thicker than honors, Mr. Boker was its life and backbone. Hon. Wayne MacVeagh, speaking at a public banquet of Mr. Boker's work in the Union League, said: "The oldest or the youngest member of the League, if he should name the one before all others whom he asso- ciates with its history, whom he identifies with its triumphs, who is at once its embodiment and repre- sentative, would name Mr. Boker." In 1871 President 356 Edwin N. Benson The Presidents of the Union League Grant appointed Mr. Boker Minister to Constantino- ple. Duringf his four years of service there, his diplo- • , .1, 1 1 .,• • r 1, • • George H. matic skill and ability in successtully arranging impor- Boker tant matters gained for him an international reputation, and in 1875 he was appointed Minister to Russia. Upon his relinquishment of diplomatic work and re- turn to Philadelphia he was made president of the Union League, and at this time was also a Commis- sioner of Fairmount Park. Amid all the duties and cares of his active life Mr. Boker found time to devote to literary work ; and he published a number of volumes of poems, particu- larly sonnets, of which Leigh Hunt in his " Book of the Sonnet " speaks in the highest praise. Mr. Boker was one of the most successful poetic playwrights of this country. He wrote several trage- dies, the first decided success being " Calaynos," pub- lished in 1848. This was first produced in England, and was afterward played in various American cities by actors of distinction. His masterpiece of dramatic work was " Francesca da Rimini," which was played in America by Mr. Lawrence Barrett for several seasons, and still remains a popular drama. Mr. Boker died in Philadelphia, January 2, 1890. EDWIN N. BENSON Major Edwin North Benson, the eighth president gjj^j,, [^ of the Union League, was born in Philadelphia in 1840, Benson and was the son of Alexander and Sarah (North) Ben- son. He was a member of the banking firm of Alex- ander Benson and Company, from which he retired in 357 The Union League of Philadelphia 1870, with a considerable fortune. His active connec- tion with business life then ceased, although he has Benson " ^een since 1878 a director of the Pennsylvania Fire Insurance Company. On April 19, 1861, at the breaking out of hostili- ties between the North and the South, he joined Com- pany " D," Gray Reserves, at the organization of the regiment. In September of the next year he enlisted in Company " D," 7th Pennsylvania Regiment, for service in the Valley of the Shenandoah. In the campaign of 1863, during the Rebel raids in the State of Pennsyl- vania, he served in Company "D," 32d Pennsylvania Regiment. He was appointed aide-de-camp in 1868, with the rank of Major, on the staff of Major-General Charles M. Prevost, commanding the First Division National Guards of Pennsylvania. He was the or- ganizer of the Veteran Corps First Regiment Infantry, N. G. P., in November, 1875, ^"^^ served as the first Major of the Corps. No accurate history of the Union League could be written without frequent reference to the many bene- factions of Major Benson, and his activity and long service as an official. He became a member of the Union League May 31, 1863. During the years 1872, 1873, 1874, and 1876 he was a director ; vice-president from 1879 until 1884, and president from 1885 until 1888. In the latter part of the year 1888, he indicated his desire to retire from the office of president. Dur- ing his official connection with the Union League there were many expressions of the high regard entertained 358 The Presidents of the Union League for him by the members. On January 14, 1886, a din- ner was gfiven him bv his fellow-members, and on , r.r. 1- r c ■ Edwin N. JNovember 26, 1887, on his return irom a toreign tour, Benson he was tendered a reception and was afterward pre- sented with a gold medal. Among his donations to the Union League are : A contribution in 1881 of $1000 for a memorial window, commemorative of the first four presidents of the Union League — Meredith, Fell, Binney, and McMichael. During the same year he contributed ^10,000 toward the building of the annex, consisting of the main billiard-room and the assembly hall. In 1890 he con- tributed 1 1 0,1 30 for the building of an addition to the main billiard-room, now known as the Benson Annex. He also contributed to the Art treasures of the Union League the bronze equestrian statue of General Grant, the paintings " Psyche " and " The Wine Tasters," and a portrait of George H. Boker. On January 13, 1879, ^-^ ^ stated monthly meeting of the Union League, Alexander P. Colesberry read a memorial paper prepared by Edwin N. Benson, as a tribute to J. Gillingham Fell, Morton McMichael, and Henry Armitt Brown, deceased members ; on the occasion of the twenty-fifth anniversary of the Union League, December 27, 1887, Major Benson delivered an address; and on February 22, 1888, he spoke be- fore the United Service Club upon the " Union League During the War." He is also a member of the Union Club of New York, of the Philadelphia Club, and of the University Club of New York. 359 The Union League of Philadelphia WILLIAM C. HOUSTON ^ . „ William Churchill Houston, the ninth president of Houston the Union League, was born at Dayton, Ohio, in 1816. His ancestors had settled in North Carolina nearly a century before, where his great-grandfather, Archibald Houston, was a planter of considerable prominence. His grandfather, William C. Houston, graduated in 1 768 from Princeton College, married a granddaughter of President Jonathan Dickinson, and settled in Tren- ton, New Jersey, and later represented that State in the Continental Congress, and was a delegate to the Constitutional Convention which met in Philadelphia in 1787. His father, George Smith Houston, moved early in the nineteenth century to Dayton, Ohio, and was the first postmaster of that town. Mr. Houston early in life came to Philadelphia and resided with his uncle, William C. Houston, one of the old-time merchants of Philadelphia. During his youth he attended school at Lawrenceville, New Jersey, and subsequently became a clerk in the firm of W. C. Houston & Company, wool merchants, Philadelphia. Upon the retirement of his uncle from business, Mr. Houston succeeded him, and formed a new firm under the name of Houston, Robinson & Company, afterward changed to Robinson, Hous- ton & Mott. He retired from business about 1865, and thereafter devoted himself to the furtherance of the interests of the various institutions with which he was connected. He was one of the directors of the Girard National Bank, the Delaware Insurance 360 William C. Houston The Presidents of the Union League Company, the Philadelphia Warehouse Company, Camden & Atlantic Railroad Company, Philadel- phia Trust Company, a manager of the Western Houston Savings Fund, the Mercantile Beneficial Association, the Evangelical Education Society, and Episcopal Hospital, and a trustee of the Penn Mutual Life Insurance Company, and for several years a member of the Board of Prison Inspectors. He became a member of the Union League March 2, 1863. He was a director of the Union League during 1875 ^^i*^ 1876 ; vice-president from 1879 to 1888, and president during 1889 and 1890. Mr. Houston was a life-long Repub- lican. He died at Atlantic City, April 19, 1895. EDWIN H. FITLER Edwin Henry Fitler, the tenth president of the Edwin H. Union League, was born in Philadelphia, in the old dis- F't'sr trict of the Northern Liberties, on December 2, 1825. After receiving an academic education in the schools of his native city, he determined to adopt the law as his profession, and entered the office of Charles E. Lex. A natural aptitude for mechanics, however, asserted itself, and at the end of four years he gave up the study of law and entered the employ of George J. Weaver, the proprietor of the old cordage works situ- ated at Germantown Avenue and Tenth Street. In a few years Mr. Fitler had mastered the details of the business and was taken into the firm. In 1859 he pur- chased Mr. Weaver's interest, and the firm became Edwin H. Fitler & Company. The business pros- pered to such an extent under Mr. Fitler's careful and 361 772^ Union League of Philadelphia Edwin H. conservative management as to necessitate the re- moval of the plant to Bridesburg, where it now covers Pi^gr more than fifteen acres of ground. Mr. Fitler's support of the Federal Government during the War of the Rebellion was deserving of the highest commendation. He threw the whole weight of his influence in favor of the Union cause, and under his personal supervision organized, equipped, and sent to the front a military company composed of his em- ployees. On account of his sterling integrity and keen business foresight, Mr. Fitler was both prominent and influential in civic affairs. In 1875 he was selected as a member of the Centennial Board of Finance, and in 1887 was elected mayor of the city by the Republicans. This position was attended with more than usual diffi- culty. The new city charter, known as the Bullitt Bill, had just been adopted, by which the whole government was changed, and the mayor's duties and responsibilities greatly increased. His devotion to the interests of the city, and his independence of action, won for him the respect of his fellow-citizens, and at the Republican National Convention in 1888 he received the vote of the Philadelphia delegation for nomination as President of the United States. Mr. Fitler became a member of the Union League, February 17, 1863, and took a very active part in its affairs. He served as a director in 1874, 1879, and 1880, as vice-president from 1880 until 1890, and as president in 1891 and 1892. He was also president of the board of trustees of the Jefferson Medical College, a director of the National Bank of Northern Liberties, one of 362 The Presidents of the Union League the managers of the Edwin Forrest Home, and a di- rector of the North Pennsylvania Railroad. He died at his country seat at Torresdale on the 31st of May, 1896. JOHN RUSSELL YOUNG John Russell Young, the eleventh president of the John Russell Union League, was born at Downingtown, Pennsyl- Young vania, November 20, 1841. His parents afterward moved to Philadelphia, where he entered a grammar- school. On the death of his mother he went to New Orleans, the home of an uncle, and completed his education by attending the High School of that city, from which he graduated with the highest honors. He returned to Philadelphia in 1856, and found employ- ment in a printing-office. In 1858 he began his career as a journahst by entering the office of the Philadelphia Press, then owned and edited by John W. Forney. His biography from that time is the descrip- tion of an entire life, with few periods of intermission, devoted to journalism. His abilities found their natural scope in the office of the Press, and his ad- vancement was rapid. He began as a proof-reader, and in four years became news editor, and afterward editor-in-chief. During the Civil War he was at various times an army correspondent for the same newspaper, and made public the first account of the battle of Bull Run. In 1865 he established the Morning Post, which proved unsuccessful financially. He subsequently con- nected himself with the New York Tribune and be- 363 The Union League of Philadelphia came its managing editor. He founded the New York Statidard in 1869, of which he was the Paris corre- John Russell , , . , t- r^ 117 j 1 • Young spondent dunng the Franco-German War, and his description of the siege and fall of that city attracted general attention. After the suspension of the Standard in 1872, he became a member of the staff of the New York Hei^ald. He accompanied General Grant in his tour around the world, contributing letters to the Herald, which were afterward published in book form. In 1882 he was appointed by President Arthur Minister to China, but three years later resumed his editorial duties on the Herald. In the next few years, besides his contributions to the Herald, he wrote for various magazines, and for the Philadelphia Evening Star, of which he was an owner. In the reorganization of the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad Company he was for a time one of the vice-presidents. In 1897 he was appointed by President McKinley the librarian of the Congressional Library, a position which he filled with success until his death. He was the master of an excellent literary style, and was a man of the broadest culture. He edited the " Memorial History of Philadelphia, 1881-1895." Socially, he was genial, witty, and thoroughly companionable. His friends were numbered by hundreds, and were found in every station in life. He was one of the organizers and the youngest member of the Union Club, which preceded the Union League. He was a director of the latter organization in 1892, and its president in 1893 and 1894. He died January 17, 1899, after a short illness, in the prime of his life and powers. 364 ■"^r T •^-'s ^>' John Russell Young The Presidents of the Union League SILAS W. PETTIT Silas Wright Pettit, the twelfth president of the o-, iw Union League, was born October 20, 1844, in Philadel- Pettit phia, and is the son of William V. Pettit and Heloise (Guillou) Pettit. He was educated in Philadelphia, and was a student in the University of Pennsylvania at the beginning of the Civil War in 1861. He immediately enlisted in a regiment organized by Colonel Small. He afterward enlisted in the 15th Regiment Regular United States Infantry, and was promoted to second lieutenant, but owing to illness contracted in the first operations against Corinth, Mississippi, was compelled to resign. After serving with the emergency men raised to defend Pennsylvania from the invasion of General Lee in 1863, he entered the volunteer service, and served until mustered out in 1865 with the rank of captain. Upon the termination of the war, he entered the National Guard of Pennsylvania, and after serving as captain of a company, was appointed by General John F. Hartranft Judge Advocate of the Division, and after serving the full time required by law, was placed upon the retired list with the rank of lieutenant-colonel. After his resignation from the army in 1862, Mr. Pettit was registered as a student at law in the office of Samuel C. Perkins, and was admitted to the bar in 1866, one year after he was finally mustered out of service. From that time he has devoted himself con- tinuously to the practice of his profession, and has been concerned as counsel in many cases involving 365 The Union League of Philadelphia important principles of corporation and constitutional law. Upon several occasions he has been solicited to Silas W. ^ . • • r LT Pgttit accept appointments to, or nommations tor, pubhc office, but has always declined to be diverted from entire devotion to his legal work. He was a director of the Union League from 1875 to 1890; secretary in 1876, 1877, 1878, 1889, 1890; vice-president from 1891 to 1894, and president in 1895 3-^*i 1896. His almost unequaled service, in period of time, as an officer of the Union League, has made him thoroughly familiar with the development of its property and its financial growth. His time and services have always been given without limit to forward the best interests of the organization. Mr. Pettit is a director in a number of business corporations, and is also a member of various social clubs in the city of Philadelphia. C. STUART PATTERSON C. Stuart Christopher Stuart Patterson, the thirteenth presi- Patterson dent of the Union League, was born in Philadelphia, June 24, 1842, the son of Joseph Patterson, who was for more than forty-five years president of the Western National Bank and for over twenty years president of the Philadelphia Clearing House. Mr. Patterson stud- ied law with the Hon. W. A. Porter, and in the Univer- sity Law School. On the outbreak of the Civil War he served as corporal in Landis's Battery, and was wounded at Carlisle on the ist of July, 1863. In May, 1887, he was appointed Professor of the Law of Real Property in the Law School of the University of Pennsylvania, 366 The Presidents of the Union League and subsequently Professor of Constitutional Law and Dean of that school. In November, 1886, he became a manager of the Western Savings Fund, and after- Patterson ward its vice-president, and in 1895 he was elected director of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, and appointed a member of its Finance Committee. In 1897 Mr. Patterson presided at the National Monetary Convention, being a member of the Monetary Com- mission and of its sub-committee which drew up the preliminary report. Mr. Patterson served as a director of the Union League from 1894 to 1896, as its secretary in 1896, and its president in 1897 and 1898. In January, 1900, he was elected a director and president of the Commercial Trust Company. He is also a member of the Philadelphia Club, of the Ger- mantown Cricket Club, and of the Century Club of New York. Mr. Patterson has published a Memoir of Theodore Cuyler ; also treatises on the Political Crisis of 1861 ; Railway Accident Law ; and Federal Restraints on State Action. The Union League has published and distributed addresses by Mr. Patterson on the Wilson Tariff Bill, the system of National Finance, and other momentous public questions. JOSEPH G. DARLINGTON Joseph G. Darlington, the present and fourteenth Joseph G. president of the Union League, was born in the city Darlington of Pittsburg. His parents removed to Philadelphia a few months after his birth. His father was of English Quaker stock, and his mother a member of the Seymour family, of New York, dating from 1630. 367 The Union League of Philadelphia His ancestors were among the earliest settlers in the American colonies. Their descendants served with Darlington distinction in the Colonial wars and the American Revolution. Mr. Darlington was educated at the Friends' School on Walnut Street above Sixth. After completing his education, he entered the silk importing house of Dale, Ross & Withers, where he served an apprentice- ship, as was common at that period, for four years. Early in the Civil War he enlisted as a private in the Hamilton Rifle Corps. In this company were N. B. Brown, Clarence H. Clark, Henry M. Dechert, and other well-known Philadelphians. He re-enlisted on the 1 8th of June, :863, in Company A, 32d Penn- sylvania Regiment. Upon being mustered out of service, he entered the dry-goods store of the late John W. Thomas, and eventually became a partner, and remained such until 1874, when the firm dissolved, Mr. Thomas retiring from active life. The business has continued from that day until the present time, and is conducted under the name of Joseph G. DarUngton & Company, and it may properly be said that it holds the unique position of being the only large strictly dry-goods establish- ment in Philadelphia. Mr. Darlington was elected a member of the Union League December 8, 1880, and served as a director from 1891 to 1893; was secretary in 1892 and 1893, vice-president from 1895 to 1898, and president in 1899, 1900, and 1 90 1. Elected for three consecutive terms without opposition, Mr. Darlington on November 11, 368 The Presidents of the Union League 1901, was nominated for a fourth term as president, to be again chosen, also without opposition, at the annual election, December 9, 1901. He has steadfastly en- Darlington deavored to advance the national power and repute of the Union League. His previous service as secretary and vice-president familiarized him with its administra- tive work, and as Chairman of the House Committee during several years, he became in a most intimate way acquainted with the details of its internal management, its history, and its larger purposes. These long periods of service acquainted him with the membership and educated him in the important work to be per- formed by the Union League in public affairs. It has been his earnest aim to give distinction to the Union League as a potential force in national politics. Mr. Darlington is a director of the Franklin National Bank ; a trustee of the Penn Mutual Life Insurance Company ; a member of the Society of the Cincinnati, by right of descent from his great-grand- father. Major Horace Seymour, an original member of the Society ; and a member of various other organiza- tions. 24 369 CHAPTER XXII FOUNDERS OF THE UNION CLUB AND THE UNION LEAGUE THEIR PERSONAL IMPRESSIONS— MEMORIES OF HEROIC DAYS Union Club The noble remnant of the Union Club have not Founders failed to mark the 27th of each December by respond- ing to the roll-call in annual gathering. Only six of the original fifty members have met, though there are two besides whose connection with the Union Club of 1862, and four whose connection with the Union League of 1863, entitle them to inclusion in the list of surviving founders and fathers of the Union League. The six are, in alphabetic order, with their ages : Anthony J. Antelo, 87 ; Abraham Barker, 80 ; Clarence H. Clark, 69 ; Ferdinand J. Dreer, 90 ; Frederick Fraley, 98 ; William Sellers, ']']. These gentlemen, whose ages average eighty-three and a half years, met annually to dine, in the Union League, and silently " to drink to the health of the old friends gone." What their meditations may be, and the moral of their retrospec- tive discoursings, the outer world may not know. It seemed necessary, and consistent with the scheme of this chronicle, to invite these patriarchal comrades and mentors to honor the book with some words as from the past to the present and the future of the 37° Founders of the Union Club and the Union League Union League's career. It was indicated to them Union Club that they were free to speak their minds either in Founders reminiscence, or criticism, or counsel, in the assurance that any message from the Httle band of founders would be pondered and prized, for their own sakes and for "auld lang syne." Each hesitated at first for fear of being intrusive, but the requests of the Committee were considered, objections overcome, and their utter- ances follow — a memorable postscript to this record of the life of the Union League. The two gentlemen additional to the foregoing six who were members of the Union Club are Hon. J. I. Clark Hare and James Milliken. Judge Hare, J; '• ^'ark •' ^ . . . Hare who suggested the organization of the Union Club, withdrew from it and the Union League soon after the war, for reasons apart from his general sympathy with their work and aims. Mr. Milliken remains in jyimii^gn the Union League, though he ceased his connection with the Union Club. This record is not so fortunate as to have a few words from Judge Hare, but his imposing relationship to the origin and development of the Union League has been fully set forth in its earlier pages. Mr. Milliken's state of health has not permitted him to join in this symposium, but one of his speeches, of special historical value, has been quoted elsewhere. The four survivors of the organizers of the Union Union League, in addition to the survivors of the Union ^^^ue ° , . . Founders Club as indicated, are Jay Cooke, Ellis Yarnall, John Sellers, Jr., and WilHam S. Grant. Of these, EUis Yarnall and John Sellers, Jr., have also, upon request, 371 The Union League of Philadelphia furnished their reminiscences of the early life of the Union League. Anthony J. Anthony J. Antelo was born June 22, 181 5. He Antelo joined the Union Club as one of the original members, and was one of the ardent Republicans, not a professed politician, who lifted the great issue of the day above the plane of partizanship. He served for a time in the State Quartermaster's Department. After twenty-five years of activity as a merchant, he became a director of the Pennsylvania Company for Insurances on Lives and Granting Annuities. He continues his member- ship in the Union League, and was one of the liberal loaners of paintings for the exhibition of 1899, send- ing choice examples of Meissonier, Troyon, Daubigny, Dagnan-Bouveret, and Chierici. Philadelphia, January i, igoi . Mr. Antelo' s The history of the Union League is well worth writing if it narration ^^^^ revive, or faithfully picture, the state of affairs that brought the Union Club and League into being. Conditions now are so dif- ferent from what they were in 1862 that unless the younger men are helped to realize the strained feeling of that time they can scarcely be expected to feel very deep interest in the good work done by their seniors of the League. Looking back to that distant period, various reflections come into one's mind, as to our origin as a club, our methods of opera- tion, our minor differences, and our enthusiastic unanimity upon the main purpose of our association — the stamping-out of the anti- Union element. Not many of us are left to tell the story of those early gatherings, and no doubt you will have a variety of recol- lections and judgments upon what the League did then and what it has been doing since. There is room for difference of opinion upon many later features without any loss of sympathy with the 372 Founders of the Union Club and the Union League general policy of the organization, which is to promote the time- lyir. Antelo's honored principles of the Republican Party, as stated in the charter, narration Some of us were, and still are, more conservative than others among our most useful associates. We began as a social club of fifty members, proposing to accomplish a national and political end by social means. We planned a series of entertainments in our homes, under rules that prevented anything like competition in display, so arranged that each member's turn as a host would come about once in two years. Our success was so great that many were eager to join us, and we were tempted, perhaps not forced, to ex- pand. When our membership swelled to hundreds and almost thousands, the social element, which some of us thought the best weapon in our armory for our particular purpose, was crowded out. From a select club we became a regiment, our headquarters and canteen had to be enlarged and put on a wholesale footing. No doubt we gained in fighting force what we lost in congenial associ- ation and the quiet, but potent, influence that spread through society from our center. I neither complain nor criticize, but re- mind our more ' ' radical ' ' fellow-survivors of the Club, and the League members generally, that power and wisdom are not always increased by multiplying numbers. So long as the Union League continues to grow in the qualities which gave it the strength to triumph as it did in its first years, we shall all wish it Godspeed for its new century. When we, the remnant of the Club, meet each Christmas to commemorate its founding, we think of a congenial company whose modest pretensions and clearly defined purpose sufficed to establish the broad platform of patriotism on which the League took its stand, and we did it as effectually as if there had been a thousand of us, perhaps more so. 373 The Union League of Philadelphia Abraham Abraham Barker was born June 3, 182 1, and is the son of Jacob Barker, a prominent financier of nearly a Barke""" century ago. After a successful career in New Or- leans, he came to Philadelphia in 1842, and established the banking house of Barker Brothers, which con- tinued until 1890. Mr. Barker, as a member of the Stock Exchange, devised and issued the first printed report of sales of stocks and bonds used in its busi- ness, in March, 1852. He retired from the Stock Exchange in 1899, after fifty-four years' membership. He joined the Union League on December 10, 1863, and took a prominent part in the work of the Freed- men's Relief Association, and in the general work of the Union League, as told in the opening chapters. Philadelphia, January i, igoi. Mr Barker's ^^ '^^ conflicting public opinion at the breaking-out of the narration Rebellion, and particularly on account of the pronounced Southern sympathy manifest in what was called "our best society" in Philadelphia, it became evident that the integrity of the Republic could only be secured through a decided opposition to secession, and to that end the Union Club of fifty members was formed, and soon after the Union League of Philadelphia and all other union leagues of the country sprang into existence. Their records mani- fest how potent they were in the conduct of the war. The Repub- lican Party was in power, and the whole object of the Administra- tion was to preserve the Republic from being dismembered. The Union League was, of course, a Republican club. Lincoln Republicanism was the only Republicanism known in those days — full protection for all American interests. I refer you now to the annual report of the Union League in 1865 at the close of the war, George H. Boker, secretary. On page 18, Mr. Boker remarks: ' ' Let us not therefore suppose that our public annals are closed, and that the Union League may degenerate into a mere 374 Founders of the Union Club and the Union League social club, with no higher aims in view than the enjoyment of our ]y\[-. Barker's hard-won ease. Many issues of the great Rebellion remain yet to narration be eradicated or healed ; many political abuses among ourselves invite a sweeping reformation. Though our duties may be light- ened, they are not ended. It would be a shame to our proud record, and a justification of the slanders of our opponents, to admit that the patriotic men of the League have, in these latter days, sunk into a congregation of insipid idlers, and nerveless pleasure-seekers. ' ' I find on ist December, 1865, the League numbered 1760 members on its roll. In 1893 — twenty-eight years after the war — the membership of the League was 1594, and out of that number only 204 gentlemen remained who were members in 1865, and the large majority of members were admitted to the League after 1880. Of course, these gentlemen had slight knowledge of the war. You ask me what are the opportunities and outlook for the Union League for the new century. I would say, hold fast to the protec- tion policy of Lincoln Republicanism and not drift into free trade by expansion ; and while obeying the laws, see to it that, as Mr. Boker said, " many political abuses among ourselves invite sweep- ing reformation." It is not the province of the League to sustain any administration " right or wrong," for it was founded on the Right, and is bound to rebuke any administration in the wrong. If the members become merely political partizans there, the influences of the League will pass away. I do not believe such will result, for the hour will come when fifty resolute men will arise again, as in 1862, and lead the way out of the wilderness and hold the League in the principles of truth, liberty, and justice, so that it will become the Mecca to which all true patriots will turn through the new century. 375 The Union League of Philadelphia Clarence H. Clark Mr. Clark's narration Clarence H. Clark, son of the banker, Enoch W. Clark, was born April 19, 1833, and he has been throughout his entire career actively connected with important business interests in Philadelphia. He was for ten years President of the First National Bank, and also for a considerable period senior mem- ber of the banking house of E. W. Clark & Com- pany. He was one of the founders and first vice- president of the FideHty Trust Company. As presi- dent of the Horticultural Society, he was influential in securing the erection of its imposing hall on Broad Street near Spruce Street. His active share in pro- moting public institutions for the advancement of ptib- lic taste has been shown by his services as president of the Academy of Fine Arts and on the Board of Trus- tees of Free Libraries of the City of Philadelphia. His private library of over 6000 volumes richly represents the literature of art, travel, and oriental scholarship, besides standard and rare works in many other depart- ments of knowledge. As the junior surviving member of the Union Club he takes the record of each annual gathering, which will ultimately be deposited in the Union League's keeping as one of its most precious archives. Philadelphia, January i, igoi. One of the greatest pleasures I find in life is the thought that nearly forty years ago I was one of the fifty gentlemen of Philadel- phia who, in 1862, organized the Union Club, out of which devel- oped the Union League of Philadelphia, the first association of its nature in the United States. For the past thirty-five years on the 27th of December (except when that date happened to come on Sunday) the surviving mem- 376 Founders of the Union Club and the Union League bers of the Club have met at the Union League house for dinner, jy^r. Clark's These gatherings have always been most pleasant, with quiet friendly narration converse and recollections of the past freely talked over. Natur- ally there has been, especially of late years, when the numbers present have been so much reduced, a tinge of sadness over these gatherings, now emphasized with the thought that in the natural course of events there can be but few more gatherings for us. At the meeting held in December, 1899, only six members were present, Mr. Fraley, in his ninety-fifth year, being the eldest, and the writer, in his sixty-seventh year, the youngest. Unfortunately for me, many years since I resigned my mem- bership of the Union League, and so I have missed all the inspiring scenes and occasions that have been enjoyed by the members of the grand organization. Though I have not been permitted to be of those who have thus done noble work for our country. State, and city, I nevertheless have been in spirit with those who have been thus associated, and always with great pleasure have I watched the work and growth of the League. The work of the League in the past has been noble and help- ful. As was once said by the greatest statesman of the country, referring to the record of the State he had the honor to represent in the United States Senate, " The past at least is secure." How about the future ? Can we look forward with confidence that the League will maintain its record and continue its noble work and still render to our country. State, and city the same services it has rendered in the past ? For one, I can say that I have that confidence, and feel that the future will demonstrate that the Union League of Philadelphia has lost none of its vigor, nor its ability to serve the public, and to contribute to the good reputation of our city and State. 377 The Union League of Philadelphia Ferdinand J. Ferdinand J. Dreer was born March 2, 181 2, and served his apprenticeship in the manufacturing jewelry Dreer " '" ' business with Mr. Woolworth, with whom Matthias W. Baldwin began his remarkable career. Retiring from trade in 1863, Mr. Dreer has found a recreative occu- pation in the collection of historic and otherwise famous autographs. These number many thousands, and in- clude letters and documents in the handwriting of almost every celebrity of every country. The library of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania has a collec- tion of autographs valued at $40,000, presented by Mr. Dreer as a free gift. He has not only traveled ex- tensively, but his house has for many years received some of the most distinguished visitors from the old world. His sympathetic disposition has long endeared him to a wide circle of friends, and his record of kindly deeds, besides benefactions, keeps his influence and memory in high esteem. He is so fortunate as to have his son and grandson as co-members in the Union League. Philadelphia, January i, igoi . Mr. Dreer's The Union Club, which afterward became the Union League, narration came into existence at that very critical period in our country's history that existed in 1862 and prior thereto. The War of the Rebellion, which had been initiated by the act of the Southern States, had existed for some months, and long previous to its out- break the excited feelings of the people of the South found recip- rocal response on the part of many at the North, who were bound to them by ties of kindred, by very intimate commercial relations, or by sympathies which swayed their judgment into outspoken condemnation of what they were pleased to consider unjust action by our government to maintain its existence. Unkind expressions 378 Founders of the Union Club and the Union League within the family, and rebellious tendencies on the part of mis- jyir. Dreer's guided ones, led to treasonable threats and traitorous acts, and it narration was to curb, restrain, and guide the public thought, that led a few patriotic citizens to found the Union Club. The first meeting of these gentlemen was at the house of Benjamin Gerhard, November 15, 1862, at which the seriousness of the occasion was recognized as imperatively demanding united, vigorous action. And a second meeting was at the house of George H. Boker, where the Union Club was founded. Mr. Morton McMichael acted as chairman, and officers were elected, the members being limited to fifty. The Club met every Saturday night at 8 o'clock at the house of a mem- ber who provided a moderate entertainment for his guests. It was speedily found to be necessary to increase its membership and to enlarge the influence it had already been privileged to exert, and on December 27, 1862, the Union League was organized at the house of Dr. John F. Meigs. It was the mission of this Club, with the recognition of a large portion of their fellow-citizens, to institute a healthful change in the sentiment of the people, and after its merger into the Union League to assist in placing regiments in the field, and besides molding public opinion, to aid and strengthen in many ways the hands of the government, and to continue those patriotic efforts until hostilities had ceased and peace was attained. It was also its privilege to so affect public sentiment in other States. At the in- auguration of the Union League of New York a committee of its members assisted in the dedication services Saturday, April 11, 1863. A healthful and grateful public thought now ratifies, con- firms, and rejoices to see the government of the country firmly established in the affections of the people of every section, and the members of the Union League may feel proud that the record of their organization stands unchallenged and unassailable, and that its services did so largely aid the government at the hour of its trial. 379 The Union League of Philadelphia Frederick Frederick Fraley, the oldest distinguished Phila- delphian, and probably the oldest bank president in the Fraley "^ United States, died as this chapter was going through the printing office, upon September 23, 1901. Born in Philadelphia on May 28, 1804, Mr. Fraley was until his death in possession of perfect mental health, and mar- velously alert in conversation upon almost any topic, even able to enter congenially upon any one's hobby, and throw some fresh light on the subject under con- sideration from his inexhaustible stores of experience and genial wisdom. He began life in the wholesale hardware business, after a thorough classical education. How compre- hensive his long career was may be gathered from a glance at the numerous posts he filled. In 1840 he was secretary of the American Fire Insurance Com- pany ; from 1 847 to 1888 he was president of the Schuyl- kill Navigation Company; from 1874 to 1893 he was treasurer of the Centennial Board of Finance ; in 1858 manager, and in 1878 president, of the Western Savings Fund Society, which office he held until his death ; in 1824 he was one of the founders of the Franklin Insti- tute, and afterward its treasurer and corresponding sec- retary ; in 1 842 a member of the American Philosophical Society, of which he was president when he died ; in 1 847 a director of Girard College; in 1853 trustee of the Uni- versity of Pennsylvania, and at his death senior member of the Board. He was one of the founders and a direc- tor of the Philadelphia Board of Trade in 1 834. He be- came vice-president of that body in 1 867 and president in 1887, which office he held until his death. Mr. Fraley 380 Ferdinand J. Dreer James Milliken Some of the Founders of the Union Club and the Union League Founders of the Union Club and the Union League was elected president of the National Board of Trade Frederick on its organization in 1868, and was unanimously re- F^'^y elected every subsequent year. From 1834 to 1837 he was a member of Common Council, and effected an entire revision of the financial system of the city. From 1837 to 1840 he was a member of the State Senate, and in 1839 took a prominent part as delegate to the National Convention which nominated General Wm. Henry Harrison for the Presidency. In 1853 and 1854 Mr. Fraley was influential in accomplishing the consolidation of the city, substantially on lines he proposed in 1837. He was active as a member of the Sanitary Commission in 1864, and was chosen by the Union League in 1865 to pronounce the eulogium on Abraham Lincoln. Philadelphia, January i , igoi. My recollections of the early years of the Union Club and '^' ^.^ ^^ League, and of my associations with its founders and leaders, are of the most pleasing character. So far as I was actively interested in the work of the League, I approved then, and still do, its gen- eral policy on public questions. I have never regretted the expansion of our Club into the much larger League. When our main object was attained and the war ended, I slackened my connection with the organization as a social club, but my sympathy remained undiminished. My working hours were occupied with varied and exacting duties, and as it had always been my desire to keep abreast of the times in literary and general progress, I have found happier recreation with my evening cigar over a book at home than in a club. In those first years I bore a share in the often arduous work that confronted us. I remember being honored by the request that I would deliver the address of eulogy on President Lincoln 381 The Union League of Philadelphia Mr. Fraley's narration at the special meeting of the League soon after his lamented and tragic death. I look back with great satisfaction at the good work we accomplished, and the memories of association with so many truly patriotic and devoted men of Philadelphia are still dear to me. The general political action of the League since I ceased to be a member has had — if it is not presumptuous in me to say it — my cordial approval. Unlike some who advocate reforms from the out- side, I have always regarded it as my duty to cast my vote, and make sure it was counted. If every good citizen would insist on having recognition of his rights at the polls, there would be better hope for cleaner politics. There is a great field before the Union League in this direction. It could desire nothing more calculated to bring out its old-time courage and manifold power. An under- taking of national scope develops finer capacity than those of par- tizan or local character. I do not doubt that when the next great national issue comes up, the League will be found in the front, as usual, acquitting itself with its wonted vigor and success. It would gratify me profoundly if I could foresee the present generation of League members inaugurating the twentieth century with some such grand and elevating national movement of its own creation. They may be encouraged by our modest efforts, which culminated so gloriously. We discovered that we had set ourselves to an achievement which had some claim to be heroic only when we found it so classed in the after-years. Our single idea was to do our duty to our country and the cause of Right. William Sellers William Sellers was born September 19, 1824, at Upper Darby, in a house now owned by him, standing on the same tract of land which his English ancestor. ?82 Founders of the Union Club and the Union League Samuel Sellers, took under patent from William Penn William in 1682. The marriage of that ancestor to Anna Sellers Gibbons, in 1684, is the very first entry in the records of the Friends' Meeting at Darby. Mr. Sellers took up the business of machine-making, when he was in his fourteenth year. He was a member of the firm of Bancroft & Sellers from 1848 to 1855, then William Sellers & Company from 1855 to 1886, when it was incorporated. In 1868 he, in connection with others, established the Edgemoor Iron Company, of which he is also president. Here was made all the ironwork used for the Centennial Exposition and the Brooklyn Bridge. Mr. Sellers was for many years president of the Mid- vale Steel Company, at Nicetown. He has won many national honors for his personal inventions and that of his firm. As president of the FrankHn Institute, in 1864, Mr. Sellers established it on a prosperous foot- ing. He is a member, active or honorary, of various learned societies at home and abroad, a typical strong man of affairs, with a record of personal and public worth which equally adds power and honor to the country that produces such captains of national pro- gress. Philadelphia, January i, igoi. The immediate conditions which impelled the formation of ggij^^g-g the Union League no longer exist, but the growth of those condi- narration tions through the long years of contention over the extension and the restriction of slavery may have their counterpart to-day. During that contention few had faith in the patriotism of the people, few believed that the Union was really in danger. Only those of us who are old enough to remember the uprising when Fort Sumter was fired upon can have adequate conception of the 383 The Union League of Philadelphia Mr. William Sellers' s narration wave of patriotic fury which swept over the North, and awakened hope in those who had despaired. In such surroundings the Union League was born. The political conditions preceding the Rebellion are not identical with the conditions of to-day, but they to-day are akin, and will have the same results, unless their growth is checked by our patriotic care. The foundation of our system of govern- ment is the elective franchise. The primary election is so com- pletely dominated by machine politics that few of us feel it neces- sary or even useful to attend it. At the general election fraudulent voting, and fraudulent counting of votes, have become notorious. Has the Union League no duty to perform when this treason is spreading in our midst? Checks which might be applied are estopped by our Constitution ; who is there among us to see that legislators shall be chosen who will remedy this defect in our or- ganic law ? If we would not see these seeds of disorder ripen into rebellion, we must root them out before they make their growth. yV^SUyU^ James MiUiken James Milliken, who is also a survivor of the foun- ders of the Union Club, gave a graphic reminiscence of conditions as they existed at the outbreak of the war, in a graceful address delivered on the occasion of the twenty-fifth anniversary of the Union League, cele- brated on December 27, 1887. The address has been printed in full in Chap'ter viii of this chronicle, pages 128 to 131. Mr. Milliken was born on July 23, 1824, at Milroy (then called Perryville), Mifflin County, Pennsyl- vania. Iron production soon became an active indus- try there, and before Mr. Milliken became of age he 384 Abraham Barker A. J. Antelo Some of the Founders of the Union Club and the Union League Founders of the Union Club and the Union League was entrusted by the Messrs. Valentine with the James agency for selUng their iron in New York State, Milliken going- to Elmira for the purpose. After several years, he joined his uncles in business at Lewiston, Mifflin County, but the sphere of action being too limited, Mr. Milliken removed to Philadelphia in 1 851, engaging in the flour and grain commission business in the firm of Richardson & Milliken. He subsequently changed his business to the manufacture of iron, which was more congenial, and was associated for a number of years with Reeves, Buck & Co., a firm which afterward became the Phoenix Iron Company. While residing in Philadelphia, Mr. Milliken took an active part in public affairs. He was a member of the Board of Trade and director of several railroads and other cor- porations. He became a prominent member of the Philadelphia Citizens' Committee which distributed bounties to the volunteers and enlisted troops. He is an orator of fine presence, and made a most telling speceh at the great mass-meeting held in 1861 to take action upon the firing upon Fort Sumter, speaking from a platform improvised in front of National Hall on Market Street. After a most active life, he retired from business at the close of the war and devoted several years to extensive travel and study, visiting Europe, Asia, and Mexico, and writing a number of interesting books describing his journeys and experi- ences. He was a delegate to the Republican Conven- tion of Pennsylvania in 1882, and made a most telling speech in placing General James A. Beaver in nomi- nation for Governor. He is a man of great business 25 385 James Milliken The Ujiion League of Philadelphia energy, and there is quoted in evidence the vigorous battle he waged for several years for the resuscitation of a railway and coal company in which he had been interested, making such a successful contest that the stockholders presented him a silver service valued at $10,000. Mr. Milliken of late years has resided gen- erally in New York. J. I. Clark Hare This chapter would be incomplete without a brief sketch of the life of the eminent jurist, J. I. Clark Hare. He was born in Philadelphia on October 17, 18 1 6, and is the son of Dr. Robert Hare, who was for many years Professor of Chemistry in the University of Pennsylvania, and Harriet (Clark) Hare, his wife. His grandfather, Robert Hare, who came to Philadel- phia from England before the Revolutionary War, was a member of the convention which, in 1794, framed the Constitution of Pennsylvania. He was also speaker of the State Senate from March, 1794, to 1800. He was graduated from the University of Pennsyl- vania in 1834, and studied chemistr}^ to which he devoted himself for some years. In 1841 he was admitted to the Philadelphia Bar, having studied law under Hon. William M. Meredith. Pie became a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1842, and in 1851 was elected a judge of the District Court of Philadelphia. In 1875 ^"'^ became presiding judge of the Court of Common Pleas No. 2. He was for many years Professor of Law in the University of 386 Founders of the Union Club and the Union League Pennsylvania. He was a trustee of the University of j. l. Clark Pennsylvania from 1858 to 1868. He has published ^^^^ numerous essays upon legal subjects which have attracted the attention of the English-speaking world. He published, in connection with H. B. Wallace, "American Leading Cases in Law," two volumes; edited " Smith's Leading Cases in Law," two volumes; and "White and Tudor's Leading Cases in Equity," in three volumes. He is also the author of "Hare on Contracts" and "Hare on Constitutional Law," the latter published in 1887. He resigned his seat on the bench in December, 1897, he being then in his eighty- first year. Ellis Yarnall is still a daily frequenter of the Union Ellis Yarnall Leaeue House, and was one of the first one hundred members of the Union League. He comes of English Quaker ancestry, which settled here about 1682, Lucre- tia Mott being his aunt. His brother, the Rev. Thomas Coffin Yarnall, D.D., has been Rector of St. Mary's P. E. Church of West Philadelphia continuously since 1844. Mr. Yarnall was a member of the delegation from the Union League that visited New York to assist in the organization of a similar body in that city. He acted as recording secretary of the Freedmen's Relief Society, described in an earlier chapter. He published, in 1899, an interesting volume of reminiscences. He saw the public reception of Lafayette and the horse- back ride of President Jackson through the streets in 387 The Union League of Philadelphia Ellis Yarnall 1 833. His literary and philosophic tastes secured hirh the friendship of the leading Abolitionists — Whittier, Garrison, Wendell Phillips, Channing, and Sumner. In England Mr. Yarnall enjoyed the rare privilege of long-continued intercourse with Wordsworth, the Coleridge family, Matthew Arnold, Gladstone, Charles Kingsley, William Edward Forster, and other noted Englishmen. These connections lent exceptional force to the timely service Mr. Yarnall rendered to the Union cause during the war. English sympathy was then wavering, if not settling adversely to the Union, in the ruling class. By his able and adroit correspon- dence in the London Guardian, the great organ of conservative and church opinion, Mr. Yarnall became virtually an ambassador to England in the interest of the Northern cause, and his services will never be forgotten by the community in which he lives. Philadelphia, Jamiary j, igoi . Mr. Yarn- j ^^g ^^^ ^^^ ^f (.j^g Club out of which the Union League grew. I was present, however, at the first meeting called to organize the League proper on December 27, 1862. Two or three weeks later I was of the committee that went to New York to con- fer with Dr. Bellows and others, and to advise them of what had been done in Philadelphia. Very soon afterward the Union League of New York was formed. We here were first in actual organization, though it may be that Dr. Bellows and others of the Sanitary Commission had, in chance conference, suggested such associations for New York and Philadelphia. It is good to look back to that time of anxiety. From May until September of 1862 our armies met nothing but disaster. The seven days' fighting in the Peninsula, the campaign in the valley, the second Bull Run — all were terrific reverses for the Army of the 388 Jay Cooke 1 Ellis Yarnall John Sellers, Jr. William S. Grant Some'of the Founders of the Union League Founders of the Union Club and the Uniofi League Potomac. The battle of Antietam, though it had not been fol- Mr. Yarn- lowed up, saved us from a war with England. News had reached all's narra- England of the second Bull Run, and of the advance northward *'0" of Lee's army. Lord Russell, then Foreign Secretary, asked Lord Palmerston, the Prime Minister, whether he did not think it was all up with the Federals, and whether it would not be well for England to fall in with the earnestly expressed wish of Louis Napoleon and acknowledge the South as a nation. Lord Palmer- ston replied that he agreed that the cause of the North seemed well-nigh hopeless, but asked whether it would not be well to wait for the next mail. The next mail brought the news of Antietam. After this success came McClellan's months of delay, then his removal, and the bloody reverse of Fredericksburg. Philadelphia had become the chief center of the Union feeling of the country, and at this gloomy time the flame of patriotic emo- tion burned at the brightest. I recall a meeting to consider what aid could be rendered by individuals in support of the Government and the excitement caused by the late Mr. Adolph Borie's offering for his firm a subscription of three thousand dollars toward a patriotic fund. A great sum was immediately forthcoming. In the steady work of sustaining the national cause the Union League went on with ever-increasing ardor. Yet Philadelphia, so near the border- line of slavery, had been little in sympathy with the abolition movement. By reason of family connections w'th the South, and for other causes, hostility to slavery in what was called society was weak. But love of country, a determination to preserve the Union, swept this sentimental sympathy with the South away. Such was the high and generous and self-sacrificing spirit out of which the Union League grew. The blessing of a united country is the reward which has come to us all. ,;^>-,^^L^;^^^^;;^ The Union League of Philadelphia John Sellers, John Sellers, Jr., was born July 27, 1826, at the old homestead of the family in Upper Darby, Delaware Jr. " "' County, Pa., on property his English emigrant ancestor Samuel Sellers purchased of William Penn in 1682. A portion of this property, embracing the ground upon which the present home of Mr. Sellers stands, still remains in possession of the Sellers family, the present ownership being in his brother, Mr. William Sellers, and himself. Mr. Sellers in his youth took up the business of milling, which through a long life of great activity his father, John Sellers, had most industriously pursued on the site of the present buildings of the Millbourne Mills Company. Before Mr. Sellers had quite reached the age of manhood, he became fired with the spirit of adventure and a desire to see something of the marvels of the West, about which he had heard such glowing accounts as to its offering wonderful oppor- tunities for ambitious young men. The only means of transportation for passengers across the mountains at that time were the great stage-coaches of the period; to these he committed himself at Cumberland, a pas- senger for Pittsburg, which was then no easy or speedy journey. By the more comfortable stern-wheel steamer of the Ohio River he landed in due course at Cincin- nati, the remote destination at which he then aimed. Here opportunity presented for further experience in the milling business through an engagement made by him in one of the largest mills then known in the great grain district of the West, of which Cincinnati was at that time the distributing center. Here also he 39° Founders of the Union Club and the Union League acquired some valuable knowledge of the science of John Sellers, banking ' in the Lafayette Bank, one of the lead- '^■'• ing institutions at that time in the western world. During subsequent wanderings in the course of time, he reached many remote and interesting sections of the great uncultivated West, then a wilderness in comparison with its present condition, so wonderfully developed through the achievements of modern inven- tion and the mighty strides of agricultural progress. In the early part of 1850 Mr. Sellers took up the iron foundry business in Philadelphia, which eventu- ated in 1853 in a partnership connection with the firm of Bancroft & Sellers, consisting up to that time of his brother-in-law, Mr. Edward Bancroft, and his brother, Mr. William Sellers. He is now vice-president and treasurer of William Sellers & Co., Incorporated, successors to the above firm, and has since its incorporation in 1885 been the president of the Millbourne Mills Company. He was one of the incorporators of the Edgemoor Iron Com- pany, in the year 1886, and from that time until recently, when he resigned, its vice-president. He still holds a large pecuniary interest in that company. He is also one of the directors of the Midvale Steel Company, and a large holder of its capital stock. Philadelphia, October 6, igoi. The Union League was founded in December, 1862, a period jy, , j^^^ of great depression among loyal citizens of Philadelphia, in conse- Sellers, Jr.'s, quence of the slow progress that had been made by the Govern- narration ment in quelling the rebellion in the Southern States. Its primary object was to bring to bear the weight of moral and social influences 391 The Union League of Philadelphia Mr. John upon our community to countervail the ill effects of secession sen- Sellers, Jr.'s, timents then beginning to be more openly expressed by what was narration known as the Copperhead element in our city. A Board of Pub- lication was appointed, which in 1863 and 1864 distributed upward of two million copies of pamphlets in the English and German languages, most notable among which was the powerful little essay of Dr. Charles J. Stille on "How a Free People Conduct a Long War, ' ' which received the high personal commendation of President Lincoln, and exerted an extraordinary effect upon our soldiers by encouraging them to do their uttermost to bring the war to a suc- cessful close. Another committee was organized to promote en- listments in the army, which during the same two years raised as many as ten thousand men for the service of their country. The idea so happily originating in Philadelphia was speedily adopted in New York and other cities, and constituted a remarkable feature in the history of the conflict which evoked it. It gave evidence of the wonderful popular interest in the maintenance of the Union, and kept alive the first impulse of the nation aroused by the firing on Fort Sumter, which made compromise impossible, and assured the triumph of the only final solution of the problem which cost so many lives and untold millions of money before the end was reached. An organization which was created by such inspiring and elevated sentiments must not be allowed to sink into the insignifi- cance of a mere social club. Other hours, other duties. It has exerted considerable influence upon national affairs. It is its duty to be sensitive and influential in a dignified and forceful way in home politics by exerting its authority to maintain the sanctity of the ballot, so essential to our well-being and prosperity at home, and so important as a factor in the politics of our great commonwealth. 392 Founders of the Union Club and the Union League Jay Cooke, one of the founders of the Union League, was born August lo, 1821, at Sandusky, Ohio. His father, Eleuthuros Cooke, a descendant of Francis Cooke, who came to America in the '' May- flower," was a distinguished lawyer in Ohio, a member of the State Legislature for several terms, and a rep- resentative of his State in Congress. In 1838 Jay Cooke came to Philadelphia, where he entered the employ of E. W. Clark & Company, at that time said to be the largest private banking house in the United States. When he was twenty-one years of age his remarkable business ability and thorough trustworthiness had won for him a membership in the firm, and he was its active business manager until his retirement in 1858. For several years afterward he was engaged in negotiating railroad bonds and other securities ; and was associated with Charles Henry Fisher in organizing and establishing several canal companies in eastern and central Pennsylvania. In 1 861 Mr. Cooke resumed banking business as Jay Cooke & Company on Third Street, Philadelphia. During the Civil War this firm became the financial agent of the Government in negotiating the enormous loans, amounting to two billion dollars, necessary for the expenses of the war. After the close of the war, at the solicitation of the Secretary of the Treasury, Mr. Cooke undertook to secure a further loan for the Government, and within the space of five months he had successfully negotiated five hundred and thirty million dollars of Government bonds with which to finally pay the Union soldiers and other expenses of the war. 393 77;!.? Union League of Philadelphia Jay Cooke Mr. Cooke earnestly advocated the adoption of the national banking system, and did much to further its establishment throughout the country ; and he and his partners were active in founding the First National Bank of Washington, D. C, and the First National Bank of Philadelphia, the earliest banks under this system. During his entire business career Mr. Cooke has been associated with railroad enterprises, and the bonds of many of our greatest railroad companies were negotiated by his firm. He has always taken an active interest in religious and educational affairs, and is the patron of the celebrated school for young ladles at Ogontz near Philadelphia. William S. Grant William S. Grant, one of the signers of the Articles of Association of the Union League, was born in Philadelphia, November 25, 1828. He was educated principally at private schools, and entered his father's store in 1847, beginning business with the firm of Grant & Stone, of which his father, Samuel Grant, was the senior partner. The business was that of importers and shipping merchants. In 1850 Mr. Grant began the importing and commission business with his brother-in-law under the firm name of Grant & Twells, which was continued until 1855, when the firm was dissolved and the business continued by himself He afterward became associated wath his father. Mr. Grant retired from active mercantile busi- 394 Founders of the Unio7i Club and the Union League ness about 1874, and since then has been identified William S. with various corporate and business interests. Grant Mr. Grant took an earnest part in the organiza- tion of the Union League, and his influence was al- ways generously exerted in the maintenance of its war policy in the critical period of 1863. He served on the Committee on Membership for two years. He is identified with several important business organizations and was elected a director of the Phila- delphia Trust Company on February 9, 1875, ^^id has continuously served in that office since that time. He has also been a director of the Ridge Avenue Rail- way since prior to i860. He is president of the Mer- chants' Fund. He is one of the vestry and a warden of St. Andrew's Protestant Episcopal Church. Mr. Grant has traveled extensively, and when only twenty years of age, spent several months in Manila. This experience of early life has led to his profound inter- est in the later relation of our Government to the Philippine Islands. No one can thoughtfully read the foregoing lines, — character the memories and reflections of men who have added of the dignity and honor to our civic life, — and observe in the brief biographies given how wide has been their rela- tion to the development of our city and commonwealth, without feeling an increasing consciousness of the sturdiness of character and fineness of patriotic pur- 395 The Union League of Philadelphia Example of pose that animated the group of men founding the the founders Union League. Their lives and words must continue an inspiring stimulus to rouse this and future gener- ations to the obligations that rest, either in times of war or of peace, upon every citizen of the Republic. These founders still speak with the vigor and fire of youth, showing how deep-seated was their patriotism nearly half a century ago, and that there has been no abatement in their love for their country and devotion to its interests. 396 CHAPTER XXIII NOTABLE MEN OF THE UNION LEAGUE The long roster of the Union League's membership is filled with names significant of achievement in the annals of the city. A complete history of the men who The rank have been its rank and file would be a history of much of the choicest citizenship of Philadelphia during the past forty years. Within that time not fewer than six thou- sand men have followed in social fellowship the footsteps of its founders. They have come for the most part from among those who have stood in the forefront of the busi- ness and the professional life of the city. Many of them have been summoned into public service and many have borne equally high reputation throughout the com- munity in the private station as leaders of finance, of industry and philanthropy. Probably in no other club of the United States has there been gathered together a larger proportion of all the active public men of a great city, and not a little of the Union League's mem- bership has been maintained from father to son. But in glancing over the array of men who have made the club what it has been and what it is, there can be singled out here for the most part only those of its members of the first generation who have won special distinction in public life ; and even of them it is possi- ble to make only the brief and simple mention suffi- 397 The Union League of Philadelphia cient to show the material of the citizenship from which the Union League has been developed. The Union League's first President served in the High offices Cabinet of Zachary Taylor as Secretary of the Treas- held in the ury, and it has been represented in the Cabinet of pu ic service g^^j-y Republican President, with only the exception of Hayes. Two of its members have sat in the Cabinet at the head of the Navy Department ; two have been at the head of the War Department ; two have served as Postmaster General and two as Attorney General. From its ranks have come ambassadors or ministers whom the United States has sent to England, Russia, Austria, Italy, Spain, Turkey, Greece, Brazil, and China. Six of its members have sat in the gubernatorial chair of Pennsylvania, and seven have occupied the mayor- alty of Philadelphia. One of them was a Speaker of the National House of Representatives ; four of them have sat in the United States Senate, and not fewer than twenty-five have been members of the lower branch of Congress. Another held a seat upon the bench of the Federal Supreme Court ; four have sat on the bench of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania and others upon the bench of the Superior Court, and twenty upon the bench of the Common Pleas and other courts of Philadelphia. It was largely as a recognition of the work of the Union League in the Civil War that -General Grant, at Washing- when he became President, made Adolph E. Borie his •^o" first Secretary of the Navy. Mr. Borie had never been engaged in politics. He was a successful but modest business man, who had been untiring in his support of 398 Cabinet IVlinisters Notable Men of the Union League at Washing- ton the Union cause and who belonged to a class of patriotic merchants whom President Grant especially trusted on his advent into civil affairs. When he gave up the naval portfolio after a few months' service, be- cabinet cause his physical strength was unequal to the duties Ministers of the office, he was succeeded by another member of the League, George M. Robeson, of New Jersey, who then lived in the neighboring city of Camden, and who had been among the earliest of the earnest men who gathered in the old Baldwin mansion on Chestnut Street. President Grant retained Robeson in his Cabinet until the close of his second administration, or during a longer period of incumbency than that of any of its numerous members, excepting Hamilton Fish. Simon Cameron, whose Union zeal was intensified by the loss of his brother in the first battle of Bull Run, became a member of the Union League soon after his return from the Russian mission, to which President Lincoln had transferred him on his resig- nation as Secretary of War. His son, J. Donald Cameron, was then in the early flush of manhood, and had performed vigorous services for the Government as a railroad man in keeping open the Northern Cen- tral Railway as a line of communication between Wash- ington and Pennsylvania, exposed as it was to the re- peated assaults of the Confederates. After the Civil War he joined the Union League, and in subsequent years the unusual experience of a son occupying first the same place in the Cabinet, and next the same seat in the United States Senate that his father had held, attended his career. 399 The Union League of Philadelphia Two members of the Union League passed into the ^ ofifice of Attorney General at Washington in succession Cabinet t-. ■ ■ t t • i-. t-^ Ministers — Benjamm Harris Brewster, once a pro-slavery Dem- at Wasliing- ocrat and even an "anti-coercionist," and afterward radical among Republicans in the fervency of his bril- liant oratory, and Wayne MacVeagh, who had been chairman of the Republican State Committee in the year when the Union League was founded and who had been sent as Minister to Turkey under Grant, as he was twenty years afterward to Italy under Cleveland. Mr. MacVeagh served in the Cabinet of Garfield and re- signed immediately after Garfield's death. Mr. Brew- ster was then called to the office by President Arthur, and remained there until the close of Arthur's term. John Wanamaker, who had entered the Union League in 1880, served as Postmaster General during the entire term of President Harrison. President Mc- Kinley called Charles Emory Smith to the same place, in which he has since been retained by President Roosevelt. ,, , Foremost among the men of the Union Leagfue who Members . ° . ° of the Diplo- have been conspicuous in European courts was Joseph matic Service R IngersoU, one of the most noted of the old Whig statesmen of Pennsylvania, who had been Minister to England under Fillmore. In his treatise on "Secession as a Folly and Crime," the founders of the Union League had one of their powerful arguments for the Union cause ; and although past his threescore and ten when he wrote it, he lived to see the authority of the Union re- established. John Welsh, honorary member of the Union League, was Minister to England under Hayes. 400 Notable Men of the Union League Joseph R. Chandler, who in his early days had edited the United States Gazette with marked ability, and whom the Whigs of Philadelphia sent to Congress, was Minister to Naples before the time of the Italian Union. Ed- Members ward Joy Morris, another Whig Congressman and of the Diplo- also an author of several books of travel, received the Turkish mission from Lincoln. MacVeagh and Boker held the same mission in later years, as well as the Russian mission, which has also been held by three other members of the Union League — Simon Cameron, Charles Emory Smith, and the junior Charlemagne Tower. In addition, Mr. Tower has been Minister at the Austrian Court, where Henry M. Watts, who had long before been United States District Attorney for Eastern Pennsylvania, had served under the adminis- tration of Andrew Johnson. Other representatives abroad have been William Potter in Italy, A. Loudon Snowden in Greece and in Spain, Robert Adams in Brazil, and John Russell Young in China. The office of Governor of Pennsylvania had been q ^ ^ held in 1854 to 1856 by James Pollock, who was after- of Pennsyl- ward Director and then Superintendent of the United States Mint. After the Civil War, General John W. Geary, who had been Territorial Governor of Kansas, was twice elected to the gubernatorial chair, but only as the result of contests in which he would probably have been defeated had not the power of the Union League, with all its tremendous zeal during the Recon- struction period, been exerted in his behalf. General John F. Hartranft, who had come out of the war with a heroic record of soldiership, was also sustained with 26 401 vania The Union League of Philadelphia Governors of Pennsyl- vania Noted Mem- bers of Congress all the political resources of the Union League in his notable and successful campaigns for the gubernatorial office in 1872 and 1875. Henry M. Hoyt, after he ceased to be Governor in 1883, passed much of the rest of his life in legal and literary pursuits, and often gratified his scholar-like taste in the library of the Union League. James A. Beaver and Daniel H. Hastings, the only Republican Governors of the State in former years that are now living, are also among its members. Galusha A. Grow, who was speaker of the historic House of Representatives which was chosen at the time of Lincoln's first election, and in his old age again a member on the floor as he first was fifty years ago, came into the Union League in the Reconstruction period. Not less noted in Congress was William D. Kelley, whose name was as closely associated there with the protective principle as William McKinley's afterward came to be, and who represented his dis- trict for thirty years. Charles O'Neill and Alfred C. Harmer, both of whom, like himself, became the " Father of the House," and for a time Leonard Myers, were a group of Philadelphia Congressmen who were closely associated with their fellow-members of the Union League in many a hard-fought political battle. It was in the days of their early campaigns, when every inch of political ground was stubbornly contested, and it was not always safe to pass the doors of the Union League ; and Judge Kelley in particular never forgot the valiant old Scotch-Irish guardian of its portals, the faithful "Aleck" Gilchrist, who, when Broad Street 402 Notable Men of the Union Leagiie was on the verge of a political riot, and rowdies had fired their pistols at the Union Leagfue, earned from „ T T Vi , 1 11-, A 1 , Faithful George H. Jooker that memorable tribute, " Aleck, we "Aleck" want to thank you for standing so nobly at your post when the bullets were aimed at the League. You went out torch in hand and lit the word 'Victory,' God bless you." M. Russell Thayer, who when the Union League in the field came into existence and for several years afterward of national was one of the most influential debaters and orators in ^^ Congress on war and Reconstruction questions, before he began his long career in the District and Common Pleas courts of Philadelphia ; Oliver J. Dickey, who was a law partner and passionate admirer of Thaddeus Stevens, and who at the death of the "Old Commoner" succeeded him from the Lancaster district ; John M. Broomall, a Lincoln elector of 1 86o, who represented the Chester-Delaware district and was noted as an advocate of universal suffrage, female suffrage, and the abolition of capital punishment ; John Hickman, whose brilliant speeches against slavery when he had represented the same district had made him a Republican idol after he left the Democratic Party ; Edward McPherson, who, having been a Congressman from the Adams County district, won unusual distinction as Clerk of the House at Washington, and who came to Philadelphia in 1879 as editor of the Press ; Henry D. Moore, also Treasurer of the State, Collector of the Port, and the first Republican candidate for Mayor of Philadel- phia ; Henry H. Bingham, who entered the Union League when he was Postmaster of Philadelphia, at the 403 The Union League of Philadelphia Members of Congress United States Senators age of only twenty-five, and who, after twenty-two years of consecutive service, is " Father of the House"; Charles W. Stone, Lieutenant Governor of Pennsylvania under Hoyt ; William E. Lehman, who represented the old First District of Philadelphia dur- ing the first half of the Lincoln administration ; Daniel J. Morrell, Ulysses Mercur, John P. Verree, William Millward, John E. Reyburn, Robert Adams, James Rankin Young, and Edward Morrell include other members of the Union League who have at various times served in the lower branch of the national legis- lature. In addition to the Camerons, the membership of the Union League has been represented in the United States Senate by Alexander G. Cattell, who, after having been a merchant of Philadelphia and an organ- izer of its Corn Exchange, was sent by the Legislature of New Jersey to the United States Senate, who was one of the members of the first Civil-service Commis- sion appointed by President Grant, and who, as finan- cial agent of the United States at London, suggested the plan by which Great Britain paid the Alabama claims without disturbing the rate of exchange. George F. Edmunds, who was many years United States Sen- ator from Vermont, removed to Philadelphia after his retirement, and is an honorary member of the Union League. Boies Penrose, who entered the United States Senate when only thirty-seven years of age, is the first member of that body from Philadelphia since George M. Dallas had a seat in the Senate nearly seventy years ago. 404 Notable Men of the Union League Nor have the members of the Union League been less conspicuous in judicial than in legislative service. ... Judges of William Strong, who at the time of his election to the Federal and club was practising law in Philadelphia, after having State Courts been a Justice of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, was shortly afterward raised to the Supreme Court of the United States by President Grant, and was one of the members of the court that served in the Hayes- Tilden Electoral Commission. In the time of the administration of James K. Polk, the name of John M. Read was sent to the United States Senate for Supreme Justice, but was rejected by the Senate. In 1858 he was elected by the Republicans of Pennsylvania a Jus- tice of the State Supreme Court, and in i860 he was proposed as a candidate for the Vice-Presidency on the ticket with Lincoln. He subsequently became Chief Justice of Pennsylvania, and his opinion on the suspension of the Habeas Corpus Act was a notable contribution to the judicial literature of the war. Ulysses Mercur and Edward M. Paxson have also occupied the Chief Justiceship of the State ; James T. Mitchell and J. Hay Brown are now among the Asso- ciate Justices of the Supreme Court, and three other members of the Union League have been elected or appointed to the judiciary of the Superior Court of Pennsylvania — James A. Beaver, William W. Porter, and Dimner Beeber. By far the majority of the judges in the courts of ^"^Jf/^jJ*^" Philadelphia have been or are connected with the club. Courts Joseph Allison, who entered the Union League in 1863, at a time when he had just been called upon to decide 405 The Union League of Philadelphia Judges of the Philadelphia Courts Eminent lawyers and orators a question involving the States Rights doctrine when it came into clash with the Federal power in the arrest of a seditious editor, had already been on the bench ever since the judiciary became elective, and continued his honorable career in the Common Pleas courts for more than thirty years. William S. Pierce, who had been an intense abolitionist in ante-bellum days, became one of a notable group of judges also long retained on the Common Pleas bench ; George M. Stroud sat in the old District Court of Philadelphia, and from that court into the Common Pleas courts passed J. I. Clark Hare, M. Russell Thayer, James Lynd, and Amos Briggs. Among the other Common Pleas judges who were or are members of the Union League are included F. Carroll Brewster, who was also Attorney General of Pennsylvania, Thomas K. Finletter, Joseph T. Pratt, William H. Yerkes, F. Amedee Bregy, Robert N. Will- son, Samuel W. Pennypacker, Charles B. McMichael, Mayer Sulzberger, Charles Y. Audenried, and Robert Ralston, and in the Orphans' Court, Thomas Bradford Dwight and Joseph C. Ferguson. But besides the members of the judiciary, the Union League has contained not a few eminent rep- resentatives of the legal profession. While Meredith held the Presidency of the Union League in 1863 and 1864, he enjoyed the reputation of primacy at the bar of Philadelphia. With him in the club at that time were the junior Binney, Isaac Hazlehurst, who had been City Solicitor, William H. Rawle, whom the Repub- licans of Pennsylvania nominated in 1882 for the Supreme Bench of the State, George Harding, 406 Notable Men of the Union League Richard L. Ashhurst, George Tucker Bispham, John Go forth, George H. Earle, William M. Tilghman, Aubrey H. Smith, E. Spencer Miller, Joseph B. Town- lawyers and send, Henry C. Townsend, William B. Mann, long orators District Attorney of Philadelphia, Samuel C. Perkins, afterward President of the Philadelphia Building Com- mission for more than thirty years, Charles Gibbons, David W. Sellers, Edward Shippen, Henry J. Wil- liams, and James W. Paul. Not the least notable among these men was the accomplished Benjamin Gerhard, who edited several text-books in his pro- fession, who performed the duties of Provost Mar- shal in Philadelphia for superintending the draft, and whose soul was so wrapped in anxiety for the Union cause that his friends were wont to say that he would gladly have given up his life for it, and whose labors for it indeed ultimately caused his death. Such were some of the men whom the legal pro- fession early contributed to the Union League, and scores of their associates at the bar, not less noted, have since taken part in the development of the club. Indeed, the influence of not a few extended far beyond the bar. Thus, two of the most spirit-stirring orators whose rhetoric was the delight of Philadelphia — the one for more than a generation, the other only in his short- lived manhood — were Daniel Dougherty and Henry Armitt Brown. Dougherty in the mutations of politics left the Union League with tears in his eyes, and Brown, who was Assistant Secretary of the Interior for a time under President Hayes, died not long after he had delivered at Valley Forge an oration which is now 407 The Union League of Philadelphia Mayors of Philadelphia Soldiers of the Civil War widely regarded as a masterpiece of patriotic elo- quence. In almost every branch of the public service of Philadelphia the members of the Union League have been numerous. We confine ourselves only to those who have filled the chief magistracy. Thus, Charles Gilpin, who was a Mayor of Philadelphia before the consolidation of the city, entered the Union League soon after it was founded. The other Mayors of the city who have been members include Morton McMich- ael, William S. Stokley, Edwin H. Fitler, Edwin S. Stuart, and Charles F. Warwick. The gallant Hector Tyndale, who had braved death in Virginia when he volunteered to bring to the North John Brown's body from the scaffold at Harper's Ferry, and who came out of the war a brigadier-general, waged in 1868 the most remarkable contest for the mayoralty ever known in Philadelphia, and was defeated by only sixty-nine majority. Indeed, Tyndale was an example of not a few of the early members of the Union League who were volunteer officers in the war for the Union. Elsewhere in this narrative the services of some of these men have been already touched upon. Conspicuous among the military members in the war period was George Cad- walader, who from boyhood had been active in the militia of Philadelphia and had won high honors in the Mexican War for his gallant conduct, who served throughout the Civil War as a Major General of Volun- teers, and who for two years was a commander of the Loyal Legion. Samuel Wylie Crawford, who had 408 Notable Men of the Union League graduated from the University of Pennsylvania as a doctor, entered the army as Assistant Surgeon, was Commander of the Reserves at Harrisburg, participated the Civil with distinction in numerous battles, and several years War after the close of the Civil War was honorably retired from the regular service as Brigadier General. Gen- eral Lewis Merrill, West Point graduate, was Colonel and Chief of Cavalry on the staff of General John C. Fremont, organized the regiment widely known as "Merrill's Horse," and was long noted as one of the most efficient cavalry officers in the regular service. Another West Pointer was William Ludlow, whose career of professional soldiership began in the Civil War, who was noted as an engineer officer of high skill, and whose services in the war with Spain won for him the rank of Brigadier-General in the regular army. A fine type of the Union League members who Types of the were volunteer soldiers was Colonel Alexander Biddle, y"'°"tggr who commanded the I2ist Pennsylvania Regiment, who at Fredericksburg and Gettysburg showed how an accomplished gentleman may also be a brave and steady soldier, and who lived until almost the close of the century in a useful and blameless citizenship that modestly adorned both public and private trust ; De Witt Clinton Baxter, at the head of the famous Fire Zouaves that bore his name ; Joshua T. Owen, who commanded the not less famous "Irish Regiment"; Charles H. T. Collis, whose regiment was known as ColHs's Zouaves, who came out of the Civil War with the brevet of Major General of Volunteers, and who was City Solicitor in Philadelphia and also, in after 409 The Union League of Philadelphia Types of the Union Volunteers Officers of the National Guard years, Commissioner of Public Works in New York ; William McMichael, who rose from the ranks of a private to a colonelcy and who was afterward United States Attorney for the eastern district of Pennsylvania; Colonel H. E. Goodman, one of the popular Goodman brothers, and an officer under General Geary; Colonel Oliver C. Bosbyshell, who was one of the first defen- ders of the national capital that responded to Lincoln's call for volunteers after the fall of Sumter, and who in recent years was Superintendent of the Mint in Philadelphia ; Horatio G. Sickel, who led a division under Meade at Gettysburg and who closed an active public career as Pension Agent of Philadelphia ; James W. Latta, who entered the war as a private, was finally advanced to the post of Chief of Major-General Upton's staff, and was long Adjutant-General of Pennsylvania, together with Charles M. Betts, Harmanus Neff, George H. North, William B. Thomas, Charles M. Prevost, William C. Gray, A. Wilson Norris, John P. Bankson, and E. A. Hancock, may be cited as some of the mem- bers whose service gave them a peculiarly military identity. Much, too, of the flower of the younger mem- bership of the Union League has been represented in the National Guard of Pennsylvania, and not the least among the citizen soldiers of Philadelphia who may be said to link the generation of the Civil War with the generation of latter-day volunteers are two mem- bers of the Union League who have long been looked upon as models of the military character in civil life. In R. Dale Benson, who was a Lieutenant of the 1 14 th Regiment and Adjutant-General of General Graham's 410 Notable Men of the Union League Staff in the war for the Union and afterward a popular and respected figure in the National Guard, and in Theodore E. Weidersheim, who also was a defender t^e National of the Union in his youth and who was foremost Guard among the zealous disciplinarians that raised the First Regiment of Philadelphia to a level of efficiency un- surpassed among American guardsmen, the Union League has long recognized the best exemplars of the soldier spirit both in war and peace. With these men, too, in their long devotion to the Union League and their intimate relation to its daily life, may be ranked such faithful veterans of the club as Veterans of H. Earnest Goodman, Joseph Storm Patterson, James V. Watson, John H. Michener, Charles H. Cramp, Thomas Dolan, William H. Hurley, Samuel Bell, Winthrop Smith, and S. Emlen Meigs. Nor unfor- gotten by his old associates is James M. Aertsen, who is the club's Nestor, — or at least he is beHeved to be the oldest patriarch on its roll since the death of Frederick Fraley, — and to whom its officers tendered the congratulations of the Union League on his ninety- sixth birthday. In literature, and in kindred pursuits, the Union Men of League has had no insignificant representatives. The '^^ers, edu- s> ^^ ■ ■ 1 cators, and works of Henry C. Carey on political economy have artists continued to be known throughout America and Europe since his death as the great store-house of the argu- ments for Protection. The mediaeval learning and his- torical researches of Henry C. Lea, as well as his literary faculty, have enriched American scholarship. Horace Howard Furness has won signal honor as a 411 The Union League of Philadelphia Men of letters, edu- cators, and artists Shakespearean commentator. Charles J. Stille, once President of the Pennsylvania Historical Society and Provost of the University of Pennsylvania, was emi- nent among educators and historical writers, and one of the first of the war pamphlets which the Union League distributed came from his fertile pen. Among his contemporaries was Lloyd P. Smith, the librarian of the old Philadelphia Library, whose exact and critical scholarship was long consulted by &v&ry lover of books in Philadelphia. Abraham Hart, who had been at the head of the book trade of the city ; J. B. Lippincott, whose house became here what the Harpers was to New York, and George Morrison Coates were names not less familiar to the world of literature. Alexander Dallas Bache, who organized the Central High School and much of the public school system of Philadelphia, was one of the ablest scientific scholars of his day, and his great coast survey was a constant source of help- fulness to the military and naval commanders of the Union. With him was his friend Professor John F. Frazer, whom Agassiz once spoke of as " the first physicist in America." George Inman Riche, a fervent Union orator in his early career, was for twenty years the Principal and President of the Central High School, and the minds of many scores of lads who are now among the middle-aged members of the Union League came under his direction. Another educator was Pro- fessor Charles Dexter Cleveland, whose books on American and English literature were well known forty years ago, and whose hatred of slavery went so far as to tincture their text. It has been more than 412 Notable Men of the Union League thirty years since Samuel B. Huey, long conspicuous as an administrator of the cause of public education, entered the club, and began his faithful service in its letters, edu- interests. There, too, was Peter Frederick Rother- cators, and mel, the high-minded painter, in whose great picture of the Battle of Gettysburg are commemorated the supreme grandeur and the supreme agony of the war spirit in which the Union League was born. Not the least noted of the artistic spirits in the club was Edwin L. Davenport, who for a time managed the Chestnut Street Theatre, and whose admirers placed him in the highest ranks of tragic actors. And the gentle Signer Antonio Blitz, who passed away in an honored old age after he had made happy hours for millions with his magic, did his share of patriotic work in entertaining not fewer than seventy thousand Union soldiers in their camps. The press, too, has been represented in the Union ^^^ \],n\on League by some of its choicest spirits, besides Presi- League's dent John Russell Young. John W. Forney, who car- "n"ection ried into his political management of the Press the p^ss spirit and aims and purposes of the Union League, and made that journal something like an organ of the club in its early days ; Clayton McMichael, who inher- ited many of the gifts, both as a speaker and writer, of his brilliant father, in the editorship of the North American, and who served as Marshal of the District of Columbia under President Arthur and for a term as Treasurer of the city of Philadelphia ; Alexander K. McClure, who entered the Union League in the Civil War days among the young leaders of the Republican 413 The Union League of Philadelphia The Union with the press Party in Pennsylvania, and whose career in journalism brought him national reputation ; Louis A. Godey, the League's ' publisher, whose Lady s Book once spread his name connection into every corner of the country, until it became a veritable household word; Charles J. Peterson, the novelist and magazine editor ; George W. Childs, who came into the club while he was still a young book publisher and before the Public Ledger passed into his control ; Gibson Peacock, a literary comrade of the Boker group and editor of the Evening Bulletin for more than forty years ; Francis Wells, his associate in the direction of that newspaper, who impressed upon it much of its character as an uncompromising expo- nent of the Union League's political ideas ; Joel Cook, of the Public Ledger, whose pen has been pre-eminent as an authority in the affairs of Philadelphia for many years ; and Charles E. Warburton, who began the publication of the Evening Telegraph in the closing year of the Civil War and made it a power in the con- servative press of the country, have represented the older men of the League conspicuous in the fourth estate. Two men who held an intimate relation to the press were Joseph Reese Fry and his brother, Wil- liam H. — the one with a variety of talents in business, banking, and in literature, and the other a musical critic in journahsm. The "Union League Brigade" owed its formation to Joseph R. Fry as Chairman of the Military Committee, in which work he displayed remarkable energy, and the brothers, who had been noted in connection with their " Leonora " and other operas, produced their " Notre Dame " at the Academy 414 Notable Men of the Union League of Music on a magnificent scale for the benefit of the Union soldiers. But many members of the Union League have A glance at been eminent elsewhere than in the public service or *^ *"*" "'^ 1 r • T •i\/ri'tTri-.ii-. affairs and m the protessions. It was m Matthias W . Baldwm s business mansion on Chestnut Street that the club saw what its veterans look back upon as its " heroic days." Mr. Baldwin at that time was nearing the close of his busy life as the head of the great locomotive works which bear his name, and at one period of the Civil War meditated converting them into an establishment for the manufacture of shot, shell, and other munitions for the Federal armies. With him came another famous locomotive builder, who, like himself, had sprung from the humble ranks of toil as a practical mechanic, and who had become his partner, as he was afterward his successor, the energetic and sagacious Matthew Baird. Not less eminent in that industry was Joseph Harrison, who had begun his career as an apprentice in machine shops, who had received from Nicholas of Russia highest marks of honor for his in- troduction of the locomotive into that country, and who had retired to private life in the enjoyment of his art treasures and with the reputation of being the richest citizen of Philadelphia. There, too, was John Edgar Thomson, who held Railroad the post of President of the Pennsylvania Railroad for managers of more than twenty years, after having been its chief * ^ ^^^^ engineer in its infancy, and under whom Thomas A. Scott, as its superintendent, made the road a potent auxiliary to the War Department; Samuel M. Felton, 415 The Union League of Philadelphia as the head of the Philadelphia, Wilmington, and Bal- timore Railroad, who managed the plan by which managers of Abraham Lincoln was safely carried to Washington in the past the winter of 1861, was largely concerned in the trans- portation of troops when that road was the chief mili- tary highway of the East. One of its earliest Presi- dents, Matthew Newkirk, who was chiefly responsible for its original construction, came into the Union League about the time of the close of the Rebellion. Edward C. Knight, who had been a Presidential elec- tor on the Lincoln ticket of i860, and was the first President of the Bound Brook Railroad, by which the system of the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad was extended to New York, was also among the pillars of trade and finance in Philadelphia. . George H. Stuart, the head of many religious or many leaders philanthropic interests, radical in his enthusiasms and of finance Q^e of the wealthiest merchants of his day, was famous j„gf(.g also as the moving spirit of the United States Chris- tian Commission in caring for the soldiers, and when at the height of his reputation as a man of affairs received from General Grant an offer to sit in his Cabinet. But few other business men were so closely associated with the Union League as James L. Claghorn, the public-spirited banker, who long served as its Treasurer with patriotic zeal, and who was one of the most liberal of the patrons of art in Philadelphia. John B. Myers, the partner of Clag- horn, was a leading merchant for a generation, the head of the great house of Myers, Claghorn & Co. Anthony J. Drexel had just succeeded his father, the 416 Notable Men of the Union League founder of the banking house, when he entered the Union League among the war members. William Welsh, afterward as eminent in philanthropy as in many leaders mercantile life, was also among the early signers of of finance its constitution. William D. Lewis, who after a long; ^""^ "™" merce career in many activities, both political and business, dedicated his only son to the service of the Republic ; Thomas Webster, the fervent champion of the rights of the negro ; John Price Wetherill, the chief member of the fourth generation of a family whose forbears were leaders of the " Fighting Quakers " of the Revolution, and Edwin Greble, to whose soldier son, among the earliest victims of the Civil War, were paid heroic honors when his body was carried in state to Independence Hall — they are a few of the many whose names recall the patriotic achievements of the Union League. We might extend the list by scores, even by hun- dreds. For we have contented ourselves throughout with referring chiefly to the older men of the club, or to its conspicuous representatives in the public service. But those whose names have been drawn upon amply illustrate the civic character and the varied ability on which the Union League has always rested, which have been as marked in the second generation of its membership as in the first, and which would shine again with not less of the spirit of the founders if the dark days which may come in the future should need to be faced by a new race of patriots like the Meigses, the Gerhards, and the Bokers. 27 417 CHAPTER XXIV DEATH OF PRESIDENT McKINLEY Death of President McKinley His funeral at Washing- ton The Union League Memorial Meeting The President of the United States was shot by an assassin in the Temple of Music, at the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo, on the afternoon of Friday, Sep- tember 6, 1 90 1. He lingered for a week between life and death, and expired at 2.15 a. m. Saturday, Septem- ber 14th. The crime and his lamented death created a profound impression throughout the world, and were followed by a universal demonstration of sincere sor- row by all peoples in all lands. President McKinley was an honorary member of the Union League, and the funeral services in Washington on September 17th were attended by Joseph G. Darlington, President, and Charles S. Forsyth, Dimner Beeber, and Theodore C. Search, for the Board of Directors, and William Sel- lers, Charles H. Cramp, A. Loudon Snowden, and R. Dale Benson, representing the members. The Union League held a very largely attended memorial meeting on the evening of Friday, September 20th, in the assembly hall, which was draped in mourning. The portrait of President McKinley was placed on the plat- form, adorned with laurel wreath and palms, and having the stars and stripes and the Union Jack arranged around it. The First Regiment Band played the funeral march from "Saul," and the funeral march by Chopin, 418 Death of President McKinley as the members assembled. The President of the Union League, Joseph G. Darhngton, presided. The meeting was opened by Rev. Floyd W. Tomklns, Rector of Holy Trinity Church, with prayer : O Lord, our God, to whom all hearts are open and all desires player by known, into Thy presence we come. In Thy presence we have Rev. Floyd been resting during the past week, and we know that underneath W. Tom- are the everlasting arms, and we know that Thy way is the sure way. ^'"^ Help us, dear Lord, we pray Thee, as we stand together as men in remembrance of the one who has been taken from us by death ; help us, we beseech Thee, to see those things ordinarily invisible, to have that inspiration which Thou only canst give, that we may be better and stronger, better patriots, better lovers of our coun- try, for the life which has been led ; and we beseech Thee, let our gathering together fill us with a fuller sense of our needs, fill us with a higher hope for humanity, fill us with a deeper realization ot our responsibility. And unto Thee will we give the Glory forever, Amen. Address by Joseph G. Darlington : President Darlington's " During the entire history of the Union League of Philadel- address phia, it has never been called together for a sadder purpose than that for which this meeting is convened. There are times and occasions when it is impossible for a man to express in words the thoughts which are passing through his mind. "I dare not trust myself to speak extemporaneously, and therefore, ask your indulgence and permission to refer to a few notes which I have prepared, although they but feebly express the thoughts which are crowding upon my mind at this moment. " As a bolt from a clear sky, came the message, ' The Presi- dent has been shot.' " The suddenness of the announcement dazed the minds of all people, and as men looked into the eyes of each other, they refused to believe it was so. When the awful truth was forced upon us, 419 The Union League of Philadelphia address an involuntary exclamation came forth : Is it possible that the Almighty God would permit such a horrible crime to be committed President against such a man as William McKinley ? . , ^ " It is not for us to attempt to solve the mysteries of Divine Providence, and yet with all the fortitude of a Christian people, it is impossible for us to comprehend why the act of the miserable wretch, who struck the blow, should have been permitted. " It would be an insult to mankind to call him a man — rather call him, what he is, a dastard, a fiend incarnate, an emissary of the Evil One, a character so loathsome that all decent men turn from him with horror and disgust. " William McKinley, whose conscientious and distinguished administration of our national affairs won the confidence of his countrymen, and the admiration of the world ; a statesman of the very highest order, who so ably directed and guided the affairs of this great nation through perilous times, that the issue of each event added to the honor, the glory, and the prosperity of our country; a thoughtful and a just man ; a gentle and a tender man. Could anything be more beautiful that at the moment he was stricken, his first thought was for his wife. Turning to his Secretary, he said, ' Cortelyou, be careful; tell Mrs. McKinley gently.' "A considerate man — ever mindful of the feelings of his fellow-men. "Could anything be more sublime than his words when he looked upon his murderer — ' See that no one hurts him.' " A brave man, brave in life, but far more brave in death. "A man whose life and deeds made him a leader among men ; who was looked upon by his countrymen with admiration as their President ; and with respect and affection as a man. "A character without spot or blemish — such was the man, whose earthly life was closed by the hands of an assassin. ' It is God's way; His will be done.' "As William McKinley lived, so he died — with entire confi- dence in God's infinite love and mercy. "The announcement of the death of the President prostrated the nation, and our grief and sorrow has called forth the sympathy 420 te ^ Death of President McKinley of the civilized world. Surely there was never a higher tribute paid to the memory of a ruler, than the world has witnessed during the past week. President " It is hardly possible to describe the official funeral at Wash- Darlington's ington. Simplicity marked every detail. The loss was too great, the sorrow too sincere and too deep, to permit of pomp and display. As the funeral cortege moved from the White House to the Capitol, down the wide avenue, lined on each side by thousands of people, not a sound was heard to mar the solemnity of the occasion. The glorious sun was hidden by the clouds, and the gentle rain seemed to testify that the nation's grief was recognized in Heaven above. As the casket rested in the rotunda of the Capitol, surrounded by the sorrowing family, the President of the United States, the high officials of our Government, the representatives of foreign nations, and around and behind these groups as many of the plain people of the land as could be accommodated, completed a scene so im- pressive and sacred that it will never be effaced. "Every one realized that he was participating in the closing scene of one of the best, one of the ablest, and one of the purest men who ever presided over the destinies of this country. "The relations which existed between our beloved President and the Union League of Philadelphia were very close and very sincere. " He was an honorary member of our organization and a fre- quent guest. I can not recall a single instance in which he declined an invitation to honor us by his presence. " The last occasion of his visit was Founders' Day, November 24, 1900, an event of historical importance for the reason, that for the first time in the history of our country, since the national cap- ital removed from Philadelphia to the District of Columbia, the President and his Cabinet assembled as a body away from Wash- ington. " The Government of the United States removed from Wash- ington to the banquet hall of the Union League of Philadelphia. " The scenes and events of that gathering will remain in the memories of those present as long as reason lasts. 421 The Union League of Philadelphia "Surrounded by the members of his Cabinet, the Vice-Presi- dent-elect, distinguished Senators, and men of affairs, the President President arose, and taking from his pocket a paper, proceeded to read that j/''"^*°"'^ matchless address, which stands forth as one of the ablest State address papers ever prepared — profound m its expressions, wise in its sug- gestions, patriotic and thoroughly American in its tone ; each and every word, the honest and sincere expression of a man who fully realized the responsibility resting upon him, as the President of the greatest Republic in the world. Each word breathed the concern and love of the speaker for his country's honor, and the welfare of his countrymen. "The death of William McKinley is a national calamity, but surely we should not allow this awful tragedy to pass without its lesson. " The blow of the assassin is not the result of impulse, but the final act of one in whose mind has been sown seeds of discontent and distrust of his fellow-man. "The doctrines of anarchy and socialism are not only pro- claimed from the platform, and taught in secret, but are suggested by a reckless press. " The power and resources of a journal that is conducted solely for personal gain, profit, and notoriety, are a menace against society and an injury to the people. "We have been afflicted in recent years by the existence of violent and reckless newspapers, whose thoughts and suggestions are further emphasized by the cartoon. The newspaper that creates, by a written article or picture, a thought in the minds of its readers which tends toward disorder and discontent, and excites the passions against law and government, and officials in high positions, is guilty of a crime very little, if any, less than the assassin, who strikes at the life of the nation through an individual. "If the people of this land fully realize the danger from an unprincipled press, and can secure the means to put a stop to a condition of affairs that has become intolerable, William McKin- ley' s death will not have been without a blessing." 422 Death of President McKinley Address by Dimner Beeber: " We are here to perform a sad duty. It is sad, for the mur- der of our late President is so unjustifiable that one can not con- „ , , ^ Beeber s template it without a deep feeling of sadness that a career of such a(j(ji-ess wide usefulness should be so suddenly ended. It is a duty because his relation to the national government, whose one-time peril is the source and inspiration of this organization, was such as to render it impossible that we should fail in the performance of an obligation commanded by the spirit that permeates the Union League. If there is one institution to which the Union League by its origin and its career owes firm allegiance, it is the national government. No one can do aught to injure it, or those to whose hands its safety is intrusted, without outraging the spirit and purpose of our organi- zation. When you add to this consideration a contemplation of the hallowed memories which spring from his frequent visits and his personal contact with our members within these walls, you have a duty that will brook no delay. Even at this moment you can almost hear the tones of his voice, as he stood at our table, on the very spot on which I now stand, and spoke of the causes of his re-election and the hopes of the future. With such tender mem- ories clinging to us, our relations have become personal as well as political. "Of course the perspective is yet too short for any one to attempt to assign him his true place in the history of our country, and in the history of the world, for the influence of his acts has not stopped at our national lines, and we can now only attempt to pay our tribute to his character and his deeds, enlightened as we may be by present-day wisdom. Our judgment of his character, indeed, must be determined by its harmony with certain funda- mental principles alike in all ages, and under all circumstances, but our judgment of his deeds can only be determined by their relation to the chain of events to which they are linked, and by the extent of their aid to the general welfare of those whose destiny they were intended to influence. " Happily his character has sustained the close scrutiny ot many years of acrimonious political warfare in a country where it 423 The Union League of Philadelphia Secretary Beeber's address seems that no part of one's private life is too sacred for public view, and no act receives too partial judgment. The tongue of anger or of malignant hate has yet to utter a single word which reflects upon his personal honor. Absolute integrity has character- ized all his acts. Fastidious to the last degree was he to keep his conduct up to the highest moral plane. All his private conduct as between man and man has never yet yielded a just charge against him. His ready surrender of all his estate to meet the obligations incurred in behalf of those whom he had befriended was only one instance of his prompt response to the demands of his obligations. " The same keen moral sense characterized all his acts in pub- lic life. No cause ever received his support unless it had also his honest belief that it was right and just and best for his country ; and the perplexing questions which came under his view received consideration first in their relation to absolute integrity. In the discussions upon those great economic questions, whose determina- tion involved immense interests, he was the powerful if not the dominant leader, and there was no sinister purpose inspiring him. All for the country's good, considered in all its interests, was his motto, and any legislation which commended itself to his clear mind as an aid to the accomplishment of that end received his hearty and cordial support. It is impossible now to tell with absolute accuracy how much of the present unusual prosperity existing in this country is due to him. But it must be admitted that the policy which he has pursued and the legislation which has been enacted since he came to power have received the unqualified approval of his countrymen. It is a tribute to his political acumen that he was among the first to see the possibility that this country had arrived at that stage of development where it might become its duty to take into consideration the question whether its progress had not been such as to demand a recasting of the lines. "His deeds as an administrator of international affairs were not yet completed. So far as they were done, they displayed a purpose to act honestly according to the light of our present know- ledge. His reluctance to enter upon a contest with Spain — caused 424 Death of President McKinley Beeber's address by his intimate knowledge of the horrors of war — revealed his ex- treme caution in a new and complicated political situation. His acceptance of the consequences of the war, many of which were Secretary doubtless unforeseen, was attended with a due sense of the respon- sibility involved, and a firm purpose to lead the nation along a path approved by its deliberate judgment. In the time yet to come, when we shall have finally determined our relations with those con- sequences, we will be prepared to pass judgment upon the wisdom of his acts. "He doubtless prevented the partition of the Chinese Empire, and kept it intact to the present time, safe from the clutches of other powers not inspired by the same scrupulous regard for the rights of other nations. "His splendid fight and triumphant victory in the struggle for honest money have received the unqualified approval of his country. No man saw more clearly than he the importance of the question involved, and no one gave more efficient service toward the accomplishment of the end desired. Everywhere and at all times during that long campaign he was found encour- aging every honest effort and giving the benefit of his profound knowledge and wide experience. If the ghost of fiat money has been finally laid to rest, no one contributed more to that result than he. " His career is an illustration of the possibilities afforded to the citizen of a free republic. He was fortunate in that he never felt the narrowness of extreme poverty, and he was never injured by the enervating influences of extreme luxury. He was born to the golden mean of life, and at a very early hour he learned the necessity of absolute and supreme self-control. He began his career in the army in the humble rank of private, and unaided by special political influence he returned at the end of the war a major. Step by step, although sometimes slowly, yet none the less surely, he mounted the ladder until he arrived at the highest station that his grateful countrymen could give him. When we consider this career and its influence upon the destiny of the nation and of the world, we are reminded of Tennyson's lines : 425 The Union League of Philadelphia Secretary Beeber's address ' Dost thou look back on what hath been, At some divinely gifted man, Whose life in low estate began. And on a simple village green ; ' Who breaks his birth's invidious bnr, And grasps the skirts of happy chance. And breasts the blows of circumstance, And grapples with his evil star. ' Who makes by force his merit known And lives to clutch the golden keys. To mould a mighty state's decrees, And shape the whisper of the throne ; ' And moving up from high to higher. Becomes, on fortune's crowning slope. The pillar of a people's hope. The center of the world's desire.' " Mr. President, I have the honor to offer the following reso- lutions for the consideration of the members of the Union League : The Memo- " ' Whereas, In the inscrutable wisdom of an overruling rial Resolu- Providence, the late President of the United States, William tions McKinley, has been taken from our sorrowing people by the ruth- less hand of an assassin, inspired by hatred of all law and order, the basis of our peace and progress ; the Union League of Phila- delphia, in meeting assembled, does now resolve : " ' First, That the Union League bows in submission to this dispensation, seeking not to penetrate the veil hiding the mystery of Divine wisdom from human eyes. " 'Second, That it deplores the nation's grievous loss, which is a calamity whose burden will tax the utmost strength and patience of an outraged people, who have too long tolerated the sowing of the seeds of anarchy, whose flower is assassination. " ' Third, That it records unqualified approval of the public career of William McKinley, who served the people loyally and well, his life illustrating the noble possibilities of a free republic whose corner-stones are equality and liberty, whose atmosphere is peace and order. '■'■'Fourth, That it expresses unbounded admiration of his private character, which was a model in all life's relations. A 426 Death of President McKinley kindly man, whose genial presence prompted confidence that was never betrayed, — a tender husband, whose loving devotion was a perfect type of marital life, — an upright Christian, whose daily life xhe iWemo- and brave death are an inspiration, his untimely taking off has rial Resolu- called forth the heart-felt sympathy of the civilized world. tions " ' Fifth, That it condoles with the bereaved widow in the sad hour of her distress, and hopes that she may continue bravely to bear her burden, sustained by the memory of a happy life with a noble husband.' " Address by Joel Cook : "Mr. President : On behalf of the Board of Directors, I desire -^o^' Cook's ?i fi fl r^ ^ s to second the Resolutions which have been read by the Secretary, and to move that a copy of the same be transmitted to the family of the President and the Secretary of State at Washington. ' ' Mr. President, and fellow-members of the Union League : our President and our Secretary in felicitous language have described to you the life and the achievements of the lamented President of the United States, and his connection with this Union League, and therefore I need not make a repetition of this excepting in a very general way. " I do not think that at any time in what has been a reason- ably long life, largely passed in great activities, I have ever been impressed by anything that has happened like this history our country has been making the past two weeks. It has come upon me like a vast load that can not be lifted. " In November last we were all of us here ; the President of the United States had come as our guest, as he had done repeat- edly before ; he came gladly to join his fellow-members in the re- joicing at our anniversary. He came here released on that occa- sion from what might have been thought the limitations and the obligations of an election campaign, and after his triumphant re- election selected this hall and this rostrum to announce his policy, his intentions, and the beneficent results of that election. He read that matchless speech to which your President has referred, and I want to call your attention to what I consider the most exalted and the most admirable part of it — the peroration, when, in that pleas- 427 The Union League of Philadelphia ant, far-reaching voice that William McKinley had, he said : ' Be not disturbed. There is no danger from empire. There is no fear Joel Cook's for the Republic' aaoress a Yxovci the time that he uttered those words in this room, all of that miserable and wretched suggestion of imperialism fell away, and you have heard scarcely anything about it since, from any respectable man anywhere. I have always looked upon that as one of the great messages that President McKinley has sent out to the world. "Mr. President, it was my privilege at the beginning of this month to take my family to Buffalo, to the Pan-American Exposi- tion ; and in going around the beautiful display of art, invention, and production which is there, — for I think it is one of the greatest aggregations which has been brought together to illustrate what the country can do, — I went into the Temple of Music. There was a musical program that afternoon ; there were ten thousand people crowded into that magnificent hall, — for it has the finest interior of all the buildings erected there, octagonal in form, with the great dome rising high above your head. Over there was the grand organ, and here the platform, while in front of the organ the surpliced choir of St. Paul's Cathedral of Buffalo were singing the ' Hallelujah Chorus,' and one of those hymns which has been indissolubly connected with the deathbed scene of William Mc- Kinley. " A few days later the President came to Buffalo himself; it was President's Day at the Exposition. He came into that same hall. He was brought with salvos of artillery, a magnificent pro- cession, the acclaims of the multitude, all was gladness, all was joy ; and from that platform he delivered his second message to the people of the United States. The administration had begun its second term successfully. Its policies had been indorsed. The results could be seen. Here was this great Pan-American Exhibi- tion, a practical demonstration of one of the great policies which had been contended for, the bringing together of the American Republics of this vast continent of ours. This was a practical demonstration of the principle of reciprocity which he elaborated, 428 Death of President McKinley address and sent out in that message to the people. That message came to be McKinley' s farewell address. His task was done, so far as official effort was needed ; and the next morning he went over to Jo^' Cook's Niagara Falls a few miles away to get a little recreation ; and there he gazed upon what I consider the most stupendous exhibition of the powers of nature which the world discloses. He saw that great river, that waterfall over which goes one-fourth of all the fresh water found upon the globe, down that fall, down those rapids — the most matchless and resistless exhibition of power that can be given, the most consummate demonstration of the idea that we have of the omnipotent power of Almighty God. " From there he returned again to Buffalo and to the Temple of Music ; again he stood in front of that great organ. He stood just where the surpliced choir had sung that hymn and the ' Hallelujah Chorus ' — and there he was stricken down — stricken down by the assassin, who committed a crime which I shall not attempt to describe, for the reason that the English language does not contain words strong enough to describe it properly. ' ' He fell there ; he was carried off ; taken away for surgical treatment. He was taken to what proved to be his deathbed, and then there came an outburst of sympathy from the whole world. For a week we had hung upon the news from Buffalo ; we were de- pressed, we were elated, as the pulse-beats came from the telegraph, telling the stricken man's condition, and all the kings, and all the emperors, and all the potentates around the globe, and all the princes of Church and State, and all classes of all races, from the most exalted to the most humble, wherever they were, joined with the sorrowing people of the United States — and when the end came, they all mingled their sorrows. " Will you tell me that we have not made history in the United States during the past two weeks ? "And now what is the lesson for us? He was our fellow- member; let me speak first of the man. "Our President has told you that when that sudden blow came, and he was stricken, his first thought was of his wife — her who had been his constant care and solicitude. His next thought was 429 The Utiion League of Philadelphia of the assassin : 'Let him not be hurt.' And then the President was taken away, and the last words which it is known that he Joel Cook's uttered on that deathbed were these words, — memorable as they address j^^^g come to be, — 'It is God's way; His will be done.' Was there ever a better exhibition of true manhood than in the com- bination of those three sayings of McKinley, each sincere, each true in its way for the particular circumstance to which it was directed ? " Now for the next lesson. The assassin was seized and taken away. The hatred of the entire world was poured upon his head, but the hand of the law was raised at once. He was unharmed. There is no law in the United States to punish him in any other way, shape, or form, or provide a penalty for his crime different from the penalty provided for any similar act against any citizen. The assassin is arraigned under the ordinary forms of law of the city of Buffalo, of the County of Erie, under the statutes of the sover- eign State of New York. He will receive justice, but he will get every protection that any criminal can have, and his treatment will be as lawful and as orderly as that accorded the smallest crime and most insignificent criminal in the land. "And now for the third lesson. When William McKinley looked at Niagara, and saw the marvelous example of resistless power, where the current runs that no known force can stop or impede or even divert, he must have thought that that typified this great country of ours. Where does there exist a nation with more resistless force (I hope always for good), but with a more resistless force than this nation can exert ? And yet that force is held in check. The President was stricken down, the President died ; but the President still lives. The President may be one man or he may be another. The President that we loved was taken away, and a new President steps into his place — all by the processes of law, all by the processes which this nation has carved out for the orderly regula- tion of everything that can be thought of as transpiring in the progress of its history. The Government of the United States goes on. As the lamented Garfield said when Lincoln was slain : 'Thank God, the Government at Washington still lives!' There 43° Death of President McKinley has been no more impressive lesson that has come to us during this great national cataclysm — for that is what has come upon us — than this, that the Government moves on in the same even tenor of its Jo^' Cook s way ; the new President adopts the policy and accepts the Cabinet address of the old, and the McKinley government is going on to-day as it did two weeks ago, although there has been a most awful gulf excavated within those two weeks. " And now let me impress upon you again, my fellow-members, the two messages which William McKinley has sent out to us and to all men ; the first, his declaration in this room : ' Be not dis- turbed, there is no danger from empire ; there is no fear for the republic ' ; and the next, ' It is God's way ; His will be done. ' The band rendered the national hymn, "America." Address by A. Loudon Snowden : "Mr. President and Gentlemen of the Union League : In , . , rising to second the resolutions, I desire to express my hearty appre- Snowden's ciation and commendation of the admirable paper read by our address Secretary as a prelude to the resolutions presented. In this expres- sion of opinion I am sure I voice the views of all present. It is an admirable paper and an almost complete summary of the life, ser- vices, and achievements of our late beloved President. " Nevertheless we must admit that neither the preamble nor resolutions, which are so admirable, or anything I or any one else can say, will adequately express the horror, the anguish, the mor- tification, which now pervades the American people from one end of the continent to the other. Great joys and great sorrows are difficult to portray, and I am quite sure that in the great sorrow that has befallen us, words can not express our feelings. The causeless, wicked crime that brought this sorrow upon the nation is intensified by the fact that the innocent victim embodied in him- self the highest and purest purposes, the noblest patriotism united in as pure and perfect a character as ever has adorned the pages of our history. The horror and detestation we feel at the dreadful 431 The Union League of Philadelphia A. Loudon Snowden's address crime is shared by all peoples. Around the entire globe, the flags of all civilized nations have been at half-mast, and the hearts of rulers and peoples have been in deep sympathy in the great calamity which has befallen us. Indeed, at no time in recorded history has there been an occasion when the nations, separated by wide seas, by different customs, speaking different tongues, have united in a common sympathy around the bier of a dead statesman. " In this universal sympathy and abhorrence of a crime which has taken our first citizen, our noblest son from us, we have had more clearly presented than ever before the brotherhood of man- kind. We recognize in this world-wide sorrow and sympathy that the noble qualities of our beloved President were appreciated by the nations and that their sympathy is largely a tribute to his exalted virtues. "The crime committed at Buffalo was not aimed at the indi- vidual, but was an assault upon organized government. The fan- atic who struck the blow represented the basest elements in our country. Alas ! How dense is the ignorance, how debased the depravity, how mad the fanaticism, that could conceive that any good would come to any individual or class by the death of the representative of the people, in a government of the people, admin- istered in the interests of all the people. No greater evil could befall the fanatic and the misguided fools he represented at Buffalo than to have their murderous deed culminate in the overthrow of our free institutions. Thank God, the Republic still lives, and will continue to flourish, no matter how many of its chosen repre- sentatives are stricken down by the hand of the assassin. " In a government such as ours, a government of law and order, deriving its powers from the people, there is vitality enough to preserve it against every open or secret enemy. It is organized to meet every emergency, and the death of a single representative citizen, or of many, will not materially hinder its progress. "It is passing strange that under our free government, three of our noblest Presidents have been assassinated within thirty-six years, whilst in the most autocratic government, but one ruler has met such a fate in more than eighty years, and he, perhaps, the 432 Death of President McKinley Snowden's address most liberal, benevolent, and humane that ever directed the des- tinies of that great empire. "These three martyrs — Garfield, Lincoln, and McKinley — A.Loudon were men who thoroughly illustrated the possibilities presented to American youth under our beneficent institutions. Each of these great men began life with a struggle against adverse conditions, and advanced step by step to the highest place in the Republic. They were not only endowed with great mental gifts, but with the highest moral qualities. They were peculiarly of the people, and possessed the admiration and love of the people. They were the type of men that would seem to be especially exempt from the mur- derous hate that directs and stimulates the political assassin, and yet of all our Presidents, they were the only ones to die violent deaths. "Lincoln, the emancipator, perished at the close of the great War of the Rebellion, a victim to the passions engendered by the long bloody strife. Some here to-night can remember that period. Can remember how we labored through four years of war and suf- fering to save the Union, and how in the very hour of its salvation, when we had solved the question and were assured that the national emblem would float over all the States, how in the height of our joy there came that dreadful message from the national capital on the morning of the 14th of April, ' The President has been assassi- nated.' Some of us can never forget that awful day or ever forget the anguish, the horror, that oppressed the nation. It was coming down from Parnassus to the valley of humiliation, from exalted joy to the deepest gloom and despondency. All the joy of our triumph, all the exaltation over our mighty victory in a saved and redeemed Republic, was lost in the fall of our great leader. No man who lived then can ever forget that day. If he were to live a thousand years, the one impression upon his heart would be of that awful hour when the news came suddenly by telegraph that the great President, who had borne the burden of the war, with a heart as ' tender as a woman's and as strong as a lion's,' had been slain. "Garfield fell a victim under political and partizan excitement by the hand of a weak-brained fanatic. The last victim, our 28 433 The Union League of Philadelphia A. Loudon Snowden's address dearly beloved President, with generous kindness in his great heart for all, in the midst of profound peace and abundant prosperity, fell at the hand of organized treason, which had been permitted to exist and spread its deadly virus by too lax laws, or carelessness in their administration on the part of the States and general govern- ment. "Out of the gloom and sorrow in which the nation has been plunged there may come — -nay, there must come — some good in the restriction of criminal immigration to our shores and in the unholy license heretofore granted to criminals and lunatics to organize for the overthrow of governments, to plot against the rulers of States, to speak or write and print that which stimulates to deeds of violence and death. We should blush when we remember that in Paterson, N. J., and other cities of our country, anarchists and destructionists have gathered, with drinking and debauchery, to plot for the murder of rulers of States and for the overthrow of governments ; and not a hand lifted to stop them in their hellish purposes. True liberty of speech and of the press is the right of freemen, but that licentiousness, miscalled liberty, that is unre- strained by reason, morality, or decency is a menace to govern- ment, is destructive of peace, and often ends in crime — just such a senseless, brutal crime as was committed at Buffalo against a life that was pure and noble and a beneficent government. "Against this licentiousness of speech and of the press we protest in the interest of everything that we hold dear, and demand that the States and general government shall enact such laws as will exclude or banish from our shores the criminals of other countries, who come here to organize conspiracies against our own and other governments, and such laws as will prevent licentiousness of speech and printed matter. " It must be said in justice that in our vast population there are but few men wicked enough to commit political murder, and but very few journals that allow their columns to be disgraced by advocating doctrines subversive of our institutions, or that encour- age political assassination. "The life of President McKinley is the most beneficent gift 434 Death of President McKinley Snowden's address that could have been bestowed upon us as a people. If we take him from his boyhood up, we find that he discharged every duty com- mitted to him with intelligent fidelity. He constantly grew in A. Loudon mental and moral strength. He made few enemies, but many friends. His intellectual growth and mental grasp of great ques- tions thrust upon him was a marvel even to his closest friends and admirers. " His public life and service were of inestimable value to the Republic, and his example will ever be an inspiration to the man- hood of our own and other lands. In his death he presented a spectacle so sublime that in all future time it will be pointed to, as illustrating a calmness and courage, a nobility of character, a sub- ordination of self, that seems to have been molded on the teach- ings, if not on the life, of the Blessed Master. "In an hour of supreme exultation, amid the acclaim of thou- sands of his countrymen, he was suddenly stricken by the deadly bullet. For a moment he looked calmly on the wretched assassin, then entreated that no harm be done him, courageously submitting himself to the surgeons, cheerfully endured the suffering without a word of complaint, and when the end was near, calmly resigned himself to the Supreme Will and passed into the great hereafter. " In his calm courage, in the face of death, in forgiveness and gentleness of spirit, in the cheerful farewell to his beloved wife and friends, and in the surrender of his own to the Divine Will, the deathbed of William McKinley was one of the most sublime and inspiring spectacles the world has ever witnessed. " To us he has left his pure life — full of labor and kindliness and patriotic purpose — and his heroic death as a lofty example and inspiration." Address by Senator Boies Penrose : "Mr. President and Gentlemen: Unable by reason of the ggnator lateness of my arrival in town to commit any remarks to writing Penrose's suitable, as Colonel Snowden has suggested, for the solemnity of address this occasion, I yet desire to add a few feeble words to the eloquent tributes that have been paid. 435 The Union League of Philadelphia Penrose's address "For two thousand miles I have recently traveled across the American continent, starting on the day on which the President Senator died, and I shall never forget the extraordinary scenes which were witnessed over nearly every mile of the route — anxious crowds of all classes and conditions thronged the stations, awaiting in hushed expectation to receive the last details of the President's death, all oppressed with a sense of humiliation, shame, and indignation that such an outrage should have been committed in free America. Even prior to my reaching the railroad, in the remote fastnesses of the mountains, several days' horseback journey from settlement, in a part of Idaho where once all was flourishing and full of promise, but which has now returned to its original wildness by reason of the fall in the value of silver ; here where a considerable and happy population had once existed, while now but a few scattered miners remain, amidst scattered ranches and buildings and exten- sive plants, all abandoned, overgrown with vegetation, and given over to the animals of the forest ; here among the inhabitants of this region, deprived of its rich promise and rendered desolate and impoverished by the Republican Party by its maintenance of the gold standard, notwithstanding the bitter hatred engendered there- by, I heard the deepest sorrow and indignation expressed at the dreadful event concerning which scanty information had been brought in. I could not fail to be impressed by it. ' ' When I came to Canton to attend the funeral, there was in the little town a multitude of people from all over the United States, but particularly from the adjacent portions of Ohio ; men with their wives and children, who had driven for miles in all kinds of vehicles. They thronged the streets from early dawn until late in the afternoon, many standing with their children in their arms that they might catch a passing and a tear-dimmed view of the hearse containing the body of their beloved President on its way to the cemetery. " What a contrast is there, Mr. President, between this solemn occasion here to-night and several other occasions which we have witnessed in this same room ! We recall the pageantry, and the enthusiasm, and the pleasure, and the generous greeting. We 436 Death of President McKinley heard from the streets the acclaim of multitudes of people, and within this building we heard the sound of the bugle and the clash of military accoutrement, the welcoming voices of our best citizen- Senator ship herein assembled. These walls echoed with the patriotic senti- P^f^^^ ^ ments of our Chief Magistrate and those who were associated with him in the government, but to-night all is silence and sadness, grief and gloom. The lessons of his life can not be gone over in the few words which are given to me. Not only do I feel his loss as a citizen, but I feel a keen personal loss, because it was my lot to come in frequent contact with him during his administration. Never in my experience have I seen an executive officer, president or other, dispatch business more promptly or appear to be possessed of a greater amiability and regard for his fellow-men and a more earnest desire to do right than the great man who has passed away from us. His life is full of lessons, and it seemed to me that after he had been re-elected he was almost more careful than he had been before to exercise with wisdom and fairness and moderation and high patriot- ism those vast powers which were centered in him. " His life seems to us to have been one long sacrifice. Childless, with an invalid wife, his self-sacrificing devotion to her is the admira- tion of all men. In a time when colossal fortunes have been piled up, which are the astonishment of other lands, and which are the result of our extraordinary prosperity and of our resources, coinci- dent with that wonderful prosperity which came with the success of his policies under his administration, he died, not, it is true, im- poverished, but leaving no greater provision for his widow than he might easily have had in bank as a saving from his salary. "His political career was a long and unselfish service in the various public positions held by him. Every act of his adminis- tration was dictated by the broadest patriotism and the sincerest and most conscientious endeavor to do what was right, what posterity would approve of regardless of partizanship or the fleeting clamor of the moment. Looking back at it, I doubt if the statesmen of the future will ever have to take a backward step from any policy of his administration. "I heard a man in the funeral procession at Canton, who 437 The Union League of Philadelphia Senator Penrose's address occupies no mean position in public life, remark to a friend : ' This is the greatest jar that our free institutions ever had.' I could not help remarking that I disagreed with him. Why, gentlemen, free institutions are the institutions of the future ; free institutions are as imperishable as progress. Imperialism and monarchy can no more live on the free soil of America than can anarchy. The crown and the paraphernalia of monarchy may still be endured in Europe by reason of tradition or conditions arising in past history ; but whatever may be the defects of American institutions, whatever remains to be remedied and improved by intelligent and courageous citizenship, there can be but one form of government in the twen- tieth century for the most intelligent people in the world, and that is a government by themselves. " Anarchy is to be suppressed as any other form of lawlessness. That it has existed for a moment is the result of our negligence in not framing and enforcing preventive laws. We have eradicated other forms of lawlessness at other times and in other places, and we can deal with equal vigor and success with this form. More strict regulation of immigration, the prohibition of incendiary publications inciting to lawlessness, and the vigorous prosecution of individuals should be promptly taken up by the nation and by the States. Anarchy is a form of crime reflecting more upon our failure in the enactment and enforcement of law than upon the solidity of our institutions. As long as the American people can point to the lives of statesmen like William McKinley, so full of noble self-sacrifice and high public purpose, so long shall we have no fear in America of either imperialism or anarchy." Mr. Darlington : D r ..; „ "■ Gentleme7i : You have heard the resolutions which have been Resolutions unanimously "^^'^^ by the Secretary, and seconded by Mr. Cook and Mr. Snow- adopted den; all who are in favor of their adoption will please rise [all present arose] ; they are unanimously adopted." " Taps " Following this announcement, the notes of the bugle were heard in the adjoining room, sounding " taps." 438 Death of Presidetit McKinley Mr. Darlington : " The saddest fact associated with our saddest experience in „ ., , ,.^ .,,.,. ., , ^ President lite is, that while paying tribute to those we mourn, we are ot ne- narlineton's cessity obliged to give thought to the living. suggestion " William McKinley has been removed from his home upon of support to earth, to his eternal home in Heaven. President " The President of the United States is in Washington. Roosevelt ' ' You have heard the solemn notes of ' taps, ' which indicate that the memorial part of this evening's meeting has been closed. " It is eminently proper and fitting that before we adjourn, we should pledge the loyal support of the Union League of Phila- delphia to the President of the United States. ' ' The Secretary will please read the resolution which has been prepared by your Board." '''Resolved, That the Union League of Philadelphia hereby Resolution pledges its loyal and sincere support to Theodore Roosevelt, Presi- for support dent of the United States, with entire confidence and faith in his unanimously desire and ability to maintain the dignity and honor of his high adopted office, for which, from his wide experience in national and public affairs, he is so eminently qualified.' " Upon motion of William M. Coates the resolution was unanimously adopted and a copy ordered to be transmitted to President Roosevelt, and the meeting then adjourned, the band playing the "Star Spangled Banner." 439 The Charter CHAPTER XXV. THE CHARTER AND BY-LAWS THE CHARTER Enacted by the Legislature of Pennsylvania, March JO, 1864- An Act to Incorporate the Union League of Phila- delphia : Whereas, An association has been formed in the city of Philadelphia for the purpose of fostering and promoting the love of Republican Government, aiding in the preservation of the Union of the United States, and extending aid and relief to the soldiers and sailors of the army and navy thereof ; and are desirous of being incorporated, the better to enable them to carry out said purposes ; therefore. Section i . Be it enacted by the Seriate and House of Representatives of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania hi General Assembly met, and it is hereby enacted by the authority of the same, That William M. Meredith, John B. Myers, Horace Binney, Jr., Adolph E. Borie, Mor- ton McMichael, J. L Clark Hare, Benjamin Gerhard, James L. Claghorn, Charles Gibbons, George H. Boker, William H. Ashhurst, Joseph B. Townsend, George Whitney, John B. Kenney, John A. Brown, Stephen Colwell, Charles Gilpin, J. Gillingham Fell, N. B. 440 Facsimile of Articles of Association of The Union League, 1862 >3»-' (X^^J*-^^^-'*— .^^*^2^-if^.!X^^i!!^>^ A*^^«:i^/!jfr ,i?i^j^„^ j^,2i^ ^.»^^ n&yy^^^ ^ J/}Cj^.,lJi^, /^<^#-^^ ^^ ^«*<;_4.£^*^-o-. '^--^XP»T l^^^*—^' .^as^-^^-e-.-^ '^y\.'c.^a-^^ ^ .^*-**--V' «>^»-*<-:2:_ :^£^-,M-^/*. „ _ Facsimile of Articles of Association of The Union League, 1862 srs« -«!^»jg^g, fe^ .<^^^,*«-^ -^^..^ ^ '.^,4^,^^^ /\ ..^^.,/^^ Facsimile of Articles of Association of The Union League, 1862 ^^^) /^^^^g yj^'c-<. ^^r^^-«-^ . C7 ' '' ' f^/^i:^^ Facsimile of Articles of Association of The Union League, 1862 The Charter and By-laws Browne, Samuel C. Perkins, Benjamin H. Brewster, Lindley Smyth, Daniel Dougherty, George Trott, William Sellers, and such other persons as have been or may hereafter be associated with them, for the pur- poses of said association, are hereby erected into, and declared to be, a body politic and corporate, by the name, style and title of The Union League of Phila- delphia, and by the same style and title shall have perpetual succession ; and may purchase, take and hold, by gift, grant, demise, bargain and sale, devise and bequest, or by any other lawful mode of convey- ance, any lands, tenements, goods, chattels and estate, real, personal or mixed, and the same, or any part thereof, from time to time may sell, alien, mortgage or otherwise dispose of ; and may have a common seal, which they may alter and renew at their pleasure : Provided, that the clear yearly value or income of all the estate and property of the said corporation, includ- ing interest on all moneys by them lent, shall not exceed the sum of ten thousand dollars, exclusive of the real estate in the actual occupancy of the corpor- ation. Sect. 2. That the officers of the said corporation, hereafter to be elected, shall be a president, four vice- presidents, and fifteen directors, who shall choose and appoint from their own number a secretary and also a treasurer ; the said officers shall be elected at an annual meeting, to be held on the second Monday of December, and if an election be not held on that day, the corpor- ation shall not for that cause be dissolved, but an elec- tion shall be held as soon thereafter as possible, and 441 The Charter The Union League of Philadelphia The Charter until such new election shall take place, the former officers shall continue and hold over. Sect. 3. That the duties and rights of the members of the said corporation, the powers and functions of the officers thereof, the mode of supplying vacancies in office, the times of meeting of said corporation or its officers, the number which shall constitute a quorum thereof, respectively, at any such meeting, the mode of electing or admitting members, the terms of their admission, and the causes which justify their expulsion and the manner of effecting the same, and the mode and manner in which the property of said corporation shall be divided and appropriated in case of a dissolu- tion of said corporation, or winding up of its affairs, shall be regulated by the by-laws and ordinances of said corporation, which they are empowered to make and alter, in the manner which may be therein men- tioned : Provided, that the said by-laws and ordinances shall not be repugnant to nor inconsistent with the Constitution and laws of the United States or of this commonwealth. Sect. 4. That the following officers elected by the aforesaid association, at its annual meeting in December, one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, shall hold their respective offices under this charter until the next annual election in December, one thousand eight hun- dred and sixty-four ; and that any vacancies occurring therein, before the next annual meeting, may be filled in the manner provided in their by-laws, to wit : Presi- dent, William M. Meredith ; vice-presidents, William H. Ashhurst, John B. Myers, Horace Binney, Jr., 442 The Charter and By-laws Adolph E. Borie ; directors, Morton McMichael, J. I. Clark Hare, Benjamin Gerhard, James L. Claghorn, Charles Gibbons, George H. Boker, Joseph B. Town- send, George Whitney, John B. Kenney. Henry C. Johnson, speaker of the House of Representatives. John P. Penny, speaker of the Senate. Approved the thirtieth dav of March, Anno Domini one thousand eight hundred and sixty-four. A. G. CURTIN. The Charter THE BY-LAWS The By-laws Adopted at the Annual Meeting of the Union League, December II, l8gg, with subsequent amendments to December g, igoi I. THE MEMBERS ^^^^^^_ THEIR OBLIGATION I. Every member shall support the Constitution of the United States, discountenance by moral and social influence all disloyalty to the Federal Government, encourage and maintain respect for its authority, compliance with its laws and acquiescence in its measures for the enforcement thereof, and for the suppression of insurrection, 443 bers The Union League of Philadelphia The mem- bers treason, and rebellion, as duties obligatory upon every American citizen. 2. The members shall not do anything contrary to the charter, or to these By-laws, or to the reasonable rules and regulations of the Board of Directors made in conformity herewith. They shall pay when and as due and payable all entrance fees, annual taxes, assess- ments lawfully imposed, and indebtedness to the corporation. THEIR RIGHTS 3. The members shall have, subject to these By-laws and to such reasonable rules and regulations as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors in conformity herewith, the rights of voting at meetings and elections, of holding office, of free access to the build- ings, and of free use of the corporate property. RESTRICTIONS ON THOSE RIGHTS 4. No game shall be permitted between midnight of any Satur- day and eight o'clock in the morning of the following Monday. 5. No game of chance or skill played for money, nor any betting upon any game, shall be permitted. 6. No bar shall be opened for the sale of liquor. 7. No member shall receive any profit, salary or emolument from the funds of the corporation. LIMITATION OF THE NUMBER OF MEMBERS 8. There shall not be at any one time more than ten honorary members, nor more than eighteen hundred active members, nor more than one hundred and fifty life members. Honorary members HONORARY MEMBERS THEIR ADMISSION 9. Any person who shall have rendered distinguished service in the military, naval, or civil service of the United States may at any stated meeting be admitted by an unanimous vote of the Board of Directors as an honorary member. 444 772^ Charter and By-laws THEIR RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS lo. Honorary members shall not be required to pay any en- trance fee, annual tax, dues, or assessments. They shall not have , any right, title, or interest in the property of the corporation. They shall not hold office, nor vote at any meeting or election of the corporation. They shall have every other right of active mem- bers. members ACTIVE MEMBERS THEIR ADMISSION II. Any person of more than twenty-one years of age, who shall have been proposed by one active member, and seconded by another active member, in writing, and whose name, address and occupation, and the date of whose proposal, and the names of whose proposer and seconder shall have been recorded in the " Register of Candidates for Membership," and shall have been posted on the bulletin-board of the club for at least thirty days, and who, after the expiration of such period, shall have been reported by the Committee on Membership with a favorable recommendation, may at any stated meeting be admitted by the Board of Directors as an active member. THEIR RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS 12. Every active member shall within fifteen days after his election by the Board of Directors sign the Membership Roll, con- taining the Charter, By-laws and Rules, and pay to the Treasurer an entrance fee of three hundred dollars, and if elected between November i and April 30 an annual tax of sixty dollars ; if elected between May i and October 31 an amount equal to one- twelfth of the yearly rate for each month from the date of his election. His membership will commence from the date he complies with the above requirements. In every year thereafter during the continu- ance of his active membership he shall pay to the Treasurer on the first day of November, or within sixty days thereafter, an annual tax of sixty dollars, and he shall enjoy every right of membership. 445 Active mem- bers The Union League of Philadelphia Life mem- bers LIFE MEMBERS THEIR ADMISSION 13. Any active member may at any stated meeting of the Board of Directors, upon his application in writing, and after ten years' continuous active membership, be admitted as a life member. No such transfer shall be made unless there be a vacancy in the roll of life members. If there shall be at any time more applicants than vacancies, priority shall be given to the senior in active mem- bership. THEIR RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS 14. Every life member shall within thirty days after his ad- mission as such pay to the Treasurer the sum of five hundred dollars, and he shall thereafter not be required to pay any annual tax, dues or assessments, and he shall thereafter have in all other respects the rights and be subject to the liabilities of active members. The guests IL THE GUESTS OF THE UNION LEAGUE THE ARMY, NAVY, AND CONSULAR ROLL Army, 15. Ofificersof the Army or Navy or Marine Corps of the United Navy, and States, on duty in the city of Philadelphia, and retired officers Consular roll residing in the city of Philadelphia and not engaged in any bus- iness or in the practice of any profession, and consuls of foreign governments duly accredited to the port of Philadelphia and not being citizens of the United States, may in the manner hereinbe- fore prescribed for the admission of active members be admitted to the privileges of the club-house, and use of the corporate property, upon payment of an annual tax of thirty dollars for each year of the use of the privileges granted hereunder. THE CLERICAL ROLL Clerical roll ^^' ^ clergyman residing in the city of Philadelphia, and being in charge of a parish, church, or congregation in the city of Philadelphia, may, in the manner hereinbefore prescribed for the 446 The Charter and By-laws admission of active members, be personally admitted to the priv- ileges of the club-house and use of the corporate property, and may continue to exercise the privileges granted hereunder so long Clerical roll as he shall continue to be in charge as aforesaid. FOURTEEN-DAY CARDS 17. Any person vt^hose residence and place of business shall be more than fifty miles distant from the city of Philadelphia may, upon presentation of a card issued by the Secretary at the written request of a life or active member, be personally admitted to the privileges of admission to the club-house for a period not exceed- ing fourteen days. The privileges hereunder granted may be re- newed in like manner for a further period of fourteen days ; but such privileges shall not be again granted to the same person within a year thereafter. VISITORS TO THE CLUB-HOUSE 1 8. Any member may introduce a visitor to the Union League, Visitors registering in the book kept for that purpose the name of the intro- ducer, the name and residence of the visitor, and the date of intro- duction ; and the introducer shall, if possible, present the visitor to one or more of the Directors. Such introduction shall not con- fer any right of re-entrance. A visitor resident in the city of Phila- delphia shall not be introduced more than four times in any one year, save to an entertainment given in a private room. DISTINGUISHED STRANGERS 19. The Board of Directors may, in their discretion, invite a distinguished stranger not resident in the city of Philadelphia to be a guest of the Union League for a period not exceeding ten days. REVOCATION OF GUEST PRIVILEGES 20. The Board of Directors may, in the case of any guest or stranger, revoke the privileges of admission to the club-house whenever in their judgment the interests of the Union League require such action. 447 The Union League of Philadelphia Meetings III. MEETINGS OF THE CORPORATION NOMINATION MEETING 2 1. A meeting shall be held at eight o'clock on the evening of Nomination the second Monday in November in each year, at which candidates meeting may be placed in nomination for the several offices to be filled at the annual election, and no other business shall be transacted. Annual meeting THE ANNUAL MEETING 22. The annual meeting shall be held at eight o'clock on the evening of the second Monday in December in each year, at which the order of business shall be — First — Reading the Minutes of the last meeting. Second — Report of the Board of Directors. Third — Report of Treasurer and Auditors. Fourth — New Business. ^5/?,^— Report of the Tellers. Special meetings SPECIAL MEETINGS 23. Special meetings may be called by the Board of Directors, or by the President, in their, or his, discretion. It shall be the duty of the Board to call a special meeting upon the written request of two hundred members, which request shall state the object for which the meeting is to be called ; and no other business than that stated in the call shall be transacted at the special meeting. Social meet- ings Notices SOCIAL MEETINGS 24. Social meetings may be held at such times as the Board of Directors may designate, but at such meetings no business shall be transacted. NOTICE OF MEETINGS 25. Notice of every meeting shall be posted on the bulletin- board, and mailed to every member, at least three days before the day of the meeting, and every subject to be acted upon at a special meeting shall be stated in the notice therefor. 448 The Charter and By-laws QUORUM 26. At the meeting at which candidates for office may be placed in nomination the members present shall constitute a Qu°™"i quorum. At the annual meeting and at all special meetings two hundred members shall constitute a quorum. RULES OF ORDER 27. Questions of order shall be decided in accordance with Procedure at " Cushing's Manual," with the further rules that no member shall meetings speak more than once, nor longer than ten minutes at one time, on the subject under discussion, unless the consent of a majority of the members present be obtained ; and that the mover of a reso- lution shall be permitted to speak ten minutes in opening the dis- cussion, and also ten minutes, if the resolution be opposed, in closing the discussion. THE TAKING OF A TWO-THIRDS VOTE „ ,,r, , ■ 1 , 1, 1 • 1 r Two-thirds 28. Where a two-thirds vote shall be required for any purpose, ^ the Chair shall appoint two Tellers, and the members voting in the affirmative shall pass between the Tellers and be counted by them, and the members voting in the negative shall then pass between the Tellers and be counted by them ; and the Tellers shall report to the Chair the respective number of votes in the affirmative and in the negative, and the Chair shall announce the result of the vote in accordance with such report. PRESENCE OF STRANGERS 29. No one not a member shall be present at a business meet- ing, unless permission for his presence be given by a resolution adopted at the meeting. IV. NOMINATIONS FOR OFFICE Nomina- 30. Nominations for the offices of President, Vice-Presidents, ^ Directors, and [if there be a vacancy to be filled by the corpora- tion] member of the Advisory Real Estate Board, can only be 29 449 The Union League of Philadelphia Nomina- tions for office made at the meeting of the corporation to be held at eight o'clock on the evening of the second Monday in November of each year. NOTICE OF NOMINATION 31. Immediately after the adjournment of that meeting the Secretary shall cause to be placed on the bulletin-board the names of all the persons nominated for the several offices, and he shall mail to each nominee notice in writing of his nomination. ACCEPTANCE OF NOMINATION 32. Every nominee shall, on or before the last Monday in November in each year, mail to the Secretary his written acceptance or declination of his nomination, and the Secretary shall print on the ballot only the names of the candidates who shall have in writing accepted their nominations. Annual election Tellers V. ELECTION AND REMOVAL FROM OFFICE THE ANNUAL ELECTION 33. An annual election shall be held on the second Monday in December in each year, at which the polls shall be open in the House from 3 p. m. until 10 p. m., and at which there shall be chosen by ballot a President, four Vice-Presidents, fifteen Directors, and, when there is or are a vacancy or vacancies to be filled by the corporation, a member, or members, of the Advisory Real Estate Board. THE TELLERS 34. The President shall appoint twelve members of the cor- poration, not being candidates at the election, Tellers to conduct the election. They shall receive and count the votes, decide finally and without appeal as to the right of any person to vote and as to the validity of ballots, and report in writing to the President the names of the candidates voted for, the number of votes cast for each candidate, and the result of the election. 45° The Charter and By-laws THE BALLOTS 35. The tickets used at such election shall be furnished by the Secretary, and shall be printed on paper of uniform size, shape, S^'l^ts and color, without any device of any kind thereon except the time of holding the election and the words "Union League Ticket. " Such tickets shall contain, in alphabetic order, the names of all persons nominated for the respective offices, with a memorandum printed over each class of nominations stating the number to be voted for : Provided, however, that the names of candidates who are at the time officers of the corporation shall be marked with an asterisk, and there shall be an explanatory note showing the purpose of said mark. Two of such tickets shall be sent by mail to each member's last-known address at least one week before the election. Each member shall mark his ticket with a cross, thus X , opposite the name of the person he desires to vote for for each office. No vote shall be counted in which more persons are voted for than are to be elected : Provided, however, that the erasure of a name or names from a ticket shall not invalidate it. THE VOTING 36. Voting by proxy shall not be allowed, and each member „ ,. in voting shall give his name to the Tellers and deposit his ballot in the box provided for its reception. TERMS OF OFFICE 37. The President, the Vice-Presidents, and the Directors shall Terms of hold office for the term of one year and until their successors shall office have been elected. The members of the Advisory Real Estate Board shall hold office so long as they shall faithfully perform the duties of their offices. The Secretary, the Treasurer, the members of the Committee on Membership, the Auditors, and the Tellers shall hold office during the pleasure of the Board of Directors. REMOVAL FROM OFFICE „ , , . Removal 38. Any officer may be removed from office by the corporation ^^^^ ^^^^ at any meeting upon ten days' notice of the charge against him 451 The Union League of Philadelphia Removal from office Eligibility and after opportunity of hearing thereon at the meeting, and by a vote of two-thirds of the members present at such meeting. RE-ELIGIBILITY OF DIRECTORS 39. At or before each annual election, the three Directors senior in the order of election, and not holding at the time the office of Secretary or Treasurer, shall retire and not be candidates for re-election at that election. If there should be at any time two or more Directors of equal seniority, they shall decide by lot which shall retire. Board of Directors Powers Limitations VI. THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS ORGANIZATION AND MEETINGS 40. The Board shall meet for organization on the day after their election, and thereafter at such times as their rules may pre- scribe. QUORUM 41. Nine Directors shall constitute a quorum of the Board. POWERS 42. The Board shall have power, in conformity with these By- laws, and subject to the limitations hereinafter set forth — To control and administer the corporate property ; to exercise a general supervision over the corporate affairs ; to appoint and re- move the Secretary, the Treasurer, the Committee on Membership, and the Auditors ; to fill by ad interim appointments, vacancies in all offices; and to make and enforce reasonable rules and regula- tions to carry these By-laws into effect. LIMITATIONS OF THE POWERS OF THE BOARD 43. The Board shall not have power — ( 1 ) To alien or encumber the real property of the corporation ; (2) Or to expend the corporate funds in any building, re- building, or other improvement of the real property of the cor- poration, or to enter into any contract therefor, without a previous 452 The Charter and By-laws reference to, and report thereon from, the Advisory Real Estate Board : Provided, however, that any contract or expenditure for building, rebuilding, or other improvements, involving an outlay Limitations in excess of ten thousand dollars, shall first be submitted to and approved by the corporation. (3) Or to admit to active membership more than twenty-five candidates in any one month. ANNUAL REPORT Annual 44. The Board shall, on or before the first Monday of Decern- '^^^^'^ ber in each year, mail to every member of the corporation a printed report of the affairs of the corporation for the year ending at midnight of the preceding 31st day of October, and a balance- sheet of the corporate accounts as of that date. THE COMMITTEES OF THE BOARD Committees 45. There shall be four Standing Committees of the Board : A House Committee. A Guest Committee. A Finance Committee. A Library Committee. Each committee shall consist of four members of the Board and a Vice-President, who shall be chairman, and the respective duties of the committees shall be defined by the Board. VII. THE PRESIDENT President 46. The President shall be the chief executive officer of the corporation and of the Board of Directors. He shall preside over all meetings of the corporation and of the Board. He shall be ex officio a member of the Advisory Real Estate Board and of all committees. He shall appoint all committees whose appointment is not otherwise provided for by these By-laws, or by the rules of the Board. 453 The Union League of Philadelphia Vice- Presidents VIII. THE VICE-PRESIDENTS 47. In the absence of the President, the Vice-President senior in the order of election shall perform the duties of the President. If two or more Vice-Presidents are elected for the first time at the same election, they shall, at the first meeting of the Board after their election, decide by lot the order of their seniority. Secretary IX. THE SECRETARY 48. The Secretary shall be a Director, and shall hold office as Secretary during the pleasure of the Board. He shall, under the supervision of the President, conduct the correspondence of the corporation and of the Board. He shall record the proceedings and correspondence of the corporation and of the Board. He shall be the custodian of the corporate seal and records. No notice shall be placed upon the bulletin-board without his sanction. Treasurer X. THE TREASURER 49. The Treasurer shall be a Director, and shall hold office as Treasurer during the pleasure of the Board. He shall be the cus- todian of the funds, and the disbursing officer of the corporation. He shall give corporate security, to be approved by the Board and paid for by the corporation, for the faithful custody and ap- plication of the corporate funds, and for the proper performance of his duties. He shall, when and as required by the Board, report to it and to the Auditors his receipts and disbursements of the cor- porate funds in detail. Advisory XI. THE ADVISORY REAL ESTATE BOARD Real Estate „., „. _ . „, , „ „ Board 5°- Silas W. Pettit, Charles E. Pugh, Edward T. Stotesbury, James C. Brooks, and Robert C. Lippincott, having heretofore been elected by the Board of Directors, and Samuel S. Sharp, George 454 The Charter and By-laws Real Estate Board Watson, James Butterworth, and Harry G. Michener, having here- tofore been elected by the corporation, and the President of the corporation ex officio, and such other persons as shall hereafter Advisory be elected as the successors of any of the persons so named, shall constitute "The Advisory Real Estate Board." The members thereof shall severally continue to hold office so long as they shall faithfully perform the duties of their offices. Six members of the Board shall constitute a quorum. They shall elect from their own number a chairman and a secretary. They shall consider and report to the Board of Directors upon such propositions relating to any building, rebuilding, or other improvement of the real prop- erty of the corporation, as the Board of Directors shall have referred to them for consideration and report ; but they shall not expend any moneys of the corporation, nor enter into any contract binding upon the corporation. Any vacancy in the Board shall be filled by the body which elected the member whose death or retirement shall cause the vacancy. Any member of the Board may at any time be removed from office by the corporation or by the unanimous vote of the Board of Directors. XII. THE COMMITTEE ON MEMBERSHIP. Committee 5 1 . Thirteen members of the corporation, not holding any ^^ Member- other office, shall be elected by the Board of Directors as the Com- ship mittee on Membership. They shall from time to time examine the Register of Candidates for Membership, giving priority of con- sideration to candidates in their order upon the Register, and report to the Board of Directors the names of the candidates whom they recommend for admission. XIII. THE AUDITORS 52. Three members of the corporation, not holding any other office therein, shall be appointed Auditors. They shall examine all the accounts of the corporation, both as to charges and dis- 455 Auditors The Union League of Philadelphia Auditors charges, and they shall report the results of their examination to the Board of Directors at least once in every quarter. Finances XIV. THE FINANCES THE FISCAL YEAR 53. The fiscal ji'ear shall terminate on the thirty-first day of October in each year, and the books shall be closed and the accounts balanced to midnight of that day. Permanent fund THE PERMANENT FUND 54. All receipts from entrance fees and from life membership fees shall constitute a permanent fund, and shall be invested, to- gether with the interest thereon, under direction of the Board of Directors, in the bonds of the corporation, or in approved securi- ties or real estate. All investments shall be made in the name of the corporation, and when the bonds of the corporation are pur- chased, the same shall be cancelled. Penalties Defaults 55- XV. PENALTIES DEFINITION OF OFFENSES DEFAULT IN PAYMENT Any member who shall make default in the payment of his annual tax, or of any assessment lawfully imposed upon him, or of any indebtedness to the corporation, when and as such annual tax, assessment, or indebtedness becomes payable, shall be liable to suspension from membership. Disorderly conduct, etc. DISORDERLY CONDUCT, ETC. 56. Any member who shall in the manner hereinafter pre- scribed be convicted of a willful infraction of any By-law of the corporation, or of any reasonable rule or regulation made by the Board of Directors, or who shall be convicted of any acts or con- duct which are disorderly or are injurious to the interests of the corporation, shall be liable to suspension from membership. 456 The Charter and By-laws PROCEDURE 57. Any member who shall be charged with an offense, the penalty for which is suspension from membership, shall be entitled to notice and a hearing before the Board of Directors, or before a committee thereof, as he may elect, and after such notice and hear- ing, the Board of Directors shall enter a judgment of acquittal, or of conviction with sentence of suspension, as may be just. A member suspended as aforesaid may appeal therefrom within thirty days after notice thereof is posted on the bulletin-board, by filing with the Secretary a written notice of his appeal and the reasons therefor. In case of no appeal within the time limited, he shall cease to be a member. Within forty days after notice of an appeal shall have been filed with the Secretary, the Board of Directors shall call a special meeting of the corporation for the purpose of hearing the same. At such meeting the cause of suspension shall be reported in writing by the Board of Directors, with a statement of facts on which their sentence was founded, a copy of which shall be furnished to the appellant on his application, to be made to the Secretary at least ten days before the meeting. The appel- lant shall then present his defense in writing, to which one member of the Board shall reply orally. The appellant, or any one member on his behalf, may then rejoin, and a Director may a second time speak in support of the charge, and no further discussion shall be allowed. The presiding officer shall then put the question, ' ' Shall the sentence of the Board of Directors in this case be affirmed? " If a majority of the meeting shall vote in the affirmative, the sentence shall stand as a final judgment, and the appellant shall thereupon forfeit all the rights and privileges of membership. If less than a majority of the meeting vote in the affirmative, then the sentence of the Board shall be reversed, and the appellant shall thereupon be restored to membership. XVI. RESIGNATIONS 58. Any member who is not at the time indebted to the cor- poration may send to the Secretary his written resignation, and upon 457 Procedure Resignations The Union League of Philadelphia the acceptance thereof by the Board of Directors he shall cease to be a member; and if his written resignation be delivered to the Resignations Secretary on or before the thirty-first day of October in any year, he shall not be liable for the annual tax or assessments of the next year. Loss of XVII. LOSS OF PROPERTY RIGHTS property fjgjj^s 59- Whatever right, title or interest any person may, by reason of his membership, acquire in the corporate property, shall, upon his death, resignation, or suspension, vest in the corporation. Amendments XVIII. AMENDMENTS 60. A proposed amendment of or addition to these By-laws shall be filed with the Secretary, and posted on the bulletin-board on or before the second Monday of November. A printed copy thereof shall be mailed to every member not later than the first Monday of December ; if, at the annual meeting to be held on the second Monday of December, it shall be adopted by a vote of two- thirds of the members voting, it shall become a part of these By- laws. 458 THE UNION LEAGUE LISTS PART IV THE UNION LEAGUE LISTS CHAPTER XXVI THE OFFICERS AND MEMBERS The full lists of officers, directors, and members of the Union League from its organization in 1863 until Le"aeue November 30, 1901, are given below. Those who are Officers deceased are marked *. PRESIDENTS ♦William M. Meredith 1863, 1864 Presidents *T- GiLLINGHAM FelL 1865, 1866, 1867, 1868 *HoRACE BiNNEY, Jr 1869, to Feb. 3, 1870 *MoRTON McMicHABL Feb. 19, 1870, 1871, 1872, 1873, 1874 *JOHN p. VeRREE 1875, 1876 *Charles E. Smith 1877, 1878 ♦George H. Boker 1879, 1880, 1881, 1882, 1883, 1884 Edwin N. Benson 1885, 1886, 1887, 1888 ♦William C. Houston 1889, 1890 ♦Edwin H. Fitler 1891, 1892 ♦John Russell Young 1893, 1894 Silas W. Pettit 1895, 1896 C. Stuart Patterson 1897, 1898 Joseph G. Darlington 1899, 1900, 1901 VICE-PRESIDENTS ♦William H. Ashhurst 1863, 1864, 1865, 1866, 1867, 1868 Vice-Presi- ♦HoRACE Binney, Jr 1863, 1864, 1865, 1866, 1867, 1868 jgnts ♦John B. Myers 1863, 1864 C 1863, 1864, 1865 ♦Adolph E. Borie . . \ 1866, 1867, 1868, 1869, 1870, 1871, 1872, 1873 [ 1874, 1875, 1876, 1877, 1879, to Feb. 5, 1880 ♦Morton McMichael 1865, 1866, 1867, 1868, 1869, 1870 461 The Union League of Philadelphia ... ^ . ^T r^ -o f i86g, 1870, 1871, 1872, 1873 Vice-Presi- *J. Gillingham Fell | ^g^^; ^8^^; ^gj^; ^g^^; ^8^^ dents *Daniel Smith, Jr 1869 ♦Charles Gibbons 1870, 1871, 1872, 1873, 1874 William Sellers Feb. 19, 1870, 1871, 1872, 1873, 1874 *EdwardC. Knight 1875, 1885, 1886, 1887, 1888 ♦Charles E. Smith 1875, 1876 James V. Watson 1876, 1877, 1878 ♦John P. Verree 1877 ♦Edwin R. Cope 1878 ♦B. H. Bartol 1878 Edwin N. Benson 1879, 1880, 1881, 1882, 1883, 1884 ♦J. Frailey Smith 1879, to Jtme 26, 1880 *-nT ^ TT f 1870, 1880, 1881, 1S82, 1883 ♦William C. Houston | ^g^^; ^gg^' ^ggg^ ^gg^^ ^gg^ Samuel C. Perkins . . . .Feb. 10, 1880, 1881, 1882, 1883, 1891, 1892 ♦Edwin H Fitler i J^^^ '3, 1880, 1881, 1882, 1883 *EDWIN H. I-ITLER I ^gg^^ jgg^^ ^ggg^ jgg^^ ^ggg^ jgg^^ jg^^ Thomas Dolan 1884, 1885, 1886, 1887, 1888, 1889, 1890 Samuel B. Huey 1889, 1890, 1892 Theodore E. Wiedersheim 1889, 1890, 1891 Silas W. Pettit 1891, 1892, 1893, 1894 ♦Joseph B. Townsend 189 1 John H. Michener 1892 Elisha a. Hancock 1893 James Dobson 1893, 1894 William H. Hurley 1893, 1894 *H. Earnest Goodman, M.D 1894, 1895, to Feb. 3, 1896 Joseph G. Darlington 1895, 1896, 1897, 1898 Fayette R. Plumb 1895, 1896 George Campbell 1895, 1896, 1897 R. Dale Benson March 10, 1896, 1897, 1898 Joseph S. Neff, M.D 1897, 1898 Harry F. West 1898, 1899, 1900, 1901 James Butterworth 1899 Lincoln K. Passmore 1899 Charles E. Pugh 1899, 1900, 1901 Charles S. Forsyth 1900, 1901 Edward I. Smith 1900 Alfred F. Moore 1901 SECRETARIES Secretaries *George H Boker I ^^^3. 1864, 1865, 1866 ueorge n. aoKER | ^gg^^ ^g^g^ ^g^^^ ^g^^^ ^g^^ ♦Stephen A. Caldwell 1872, 1873, 1874 ♦William Camac, M.D 1875 Silas W. Pettit 1876, 1877, 1878, 1889, 1890 William E. Littleton 1879, to Sept. 22, 1880 ^o n xj , / from Sept. 22, 1880, 1881, 1882 ♦Samuel B. Huey ^ ^gg^^ ^^^^^ ^gg^_ ^gg^^ ^gg^'_ ^ggg William Potter 1891, to Nov. 22, 1892 Joseph G. Darlington Nov. 22, 1892, 1893 Joseph S. Neff, M.D 1894, 1895 462 The Officers and Members C. Stuart Patterson 1896 Charlemagne Tower, Jr Dec. 15, i8g6, to April 13, 1897 J. Levering Jones April 13, 1897, 1898, 1899 DiMNER Beeber 1900, 1901 Secretaries TREASURERS *James L. Claghorn 1863, to Oct. i, 1865, 1868 to Aug. 25, 1884 ~ ♦Edward S. Clarke Oct. i, 1865, 1866, 1867 » reasurers *Thomas Cochran. . .Aug. 27, 1884, 1885, 1886, 1887, 1888, 1889, 1890 WiNTHROP Smith 1891 Harry F. West 1892, 1893, 1894, 1895, 1896, 1897 Edward I. Smith 1898, 1899 Edward T. Stotesbury 1900, 1901 DIRECTORS ♦Morton McMichael 1863, 1864 Directors J. I. Clarke Hare 1863, 1864, 1865, 1866 ♦Charles Gibbons 1863, 1864, 1865, 1866, 1867, 1868, 1869 r 1863, 1864, 1865, 1868 ♦James L. Claghorn -^ 1869, 1870, 1871, 1872, 1873, 1874, 1875, 1876 (1877, 1878, 1879, 1880, 1881, 1882, 1883, 1884 ♦Benjamin Gerhard 1863, 1864 ♦Joseph B. Townsend 1863, 1864, 1865, 1866, 1867 ,, „ f 1863, 1864, iSe?, 1866, 1867, 1868 ♦George H. Boker . . . . | ^g^^^ ^g^^^^ ^g^^^ ^8^^^^ ^g^^^ ^^^<^^ ^g^g ♦George Whitney 1863, 1864, 1865, 1866 ♦John B. Kenney 1863, 1864, 1865 ♦LiNDLEY Smyth 1865, 1866, 1867, 1868 ♦Daniel Smith, Jr 1865, 1866, 1867, 1868 ♦N. B. Browne 1865, 1866 ♦James H. Orne 1865, 1866, 1867, 1868, 1869, 1870 ♦H. C. Lea 1865, 1868 William Sellers 1865, 1866, 1S67, 1868 ♦Ellerslie Wallace, M.D 1865, 1866 Cadwalader Biddle 1865 , ^ f 1866,1867,1868,1869 ♦Stephen A. Caldwell | ^g^^^ ^g^^^ ^g^^, 1873, 1874 ^ ^ ( 1865, 1866, 1867, 1868, 1869 ♦Edward S. Clarke | ^g^^^ ^8^^^ ^g^^, 1873, 1874, 1875 ♦Edward Browning 1866, 1867, 1868 ♦A. H. Franciscus 1866, 1S67, 1868 ♦George J. Gross 1867, 1868 Andrew Wheeler 1867, 1876 ♦John P. Verree 1867, 1868, 1869, 1870, 1871, 1872, 1873 ♦Evan Randolph 1867 ♦Saunders Lewis 1868 *Tj ^ T.^ i 1869, 1870, 1871, 1872, 1873, 1874 ♦E. C. Knight \ July 13,1880,1881, 1882, 1883, 1884 ♦Henry Lewis. 1869, 1870, 1880, 1881, 1882, 1883, to Jan. 8, 1884 1869, 1870, 1871, 1872 1873, 1874, 187s, 1879, to Feb. 10, 1880 Sept. 9, 1884,1885, 1886, 1887, 1888, 1889, 1890 463 The Union League of Philadelphia Directors ♦Richard Wright 1869, 1870, 1871, 1872, 1873, 1874, 1875 *Henry Winsor 1869 *JosEPH Trimble 1869, 1870, 1871 *JoHN Rice 1869, 1870, 1871 *Edwin R. Cope 1869, 1870, 1876, 1877 *Alfrbd D. Jessup 1870, 1871 *J. Frailey Smith 1870, 1871, 1872, 1873, 1874, 1875, 1876 ♦Charles K. Ide 1871, 1872, 1873, 1884, to April 15, 1885 William E. Littleton 1871, 1872, 1873, 1874, 1879, to Sept, 22, 1880 ♦Charles Gilpin 1871, 1872, 1873, 1874 ♦Lewis Waln Smith 1872, 1873, 1874 Henry H. Bingham 1872, 1873, 1874 Edwin N. Benson 1872, 1873, 1874, 1876 ♦Edwin H. Fitler 1874, 1879, to July 13, 1880 ♦William D. Gemmill 1874 James V. Watson 1875 ♦F. a. Comly 187s ♦William C. Houston 1875, 1876, 1879 George Philler 1875 ♦William Camac, M.D 1875 ♦John J. Hartmann 1875, 1876, 1877 ♦Robert Gray 1875 Thomas Hart, Jr 1875 ♦John Hockley, Jr 1875, 1876 Sttas W Pfttit I ^^75. 1876, 1877, 1878, 1879, 1880, 1881, 1882 DILAS W. i-ETTIT. . | ^gg^^ ^gg^^ ^gg^^ ^ggg^ ^gg^^ ^ggg^ ^gg^^ ^g^^ Edward S. Buckley 1876, 1877, 1878 ♦B. H. Bartol 1876, 1877 ♦Aubrey H. Smith 1876, 1877, 1878 ♦Frederic Collins 1876, 1877, 1878 ♦William Brockie 1876, 1877 ♦Alexander Biddle 1876, 1877 ♦Thomas A. Boyd 1877, 1878 ♦James E. Caldwell 1877, 1878 ♦Isaac Hinckley 1877, 1878 Henry Pettit 1877, 1878 Joseph Lapsley Wilson 1877, 1878 Amos R. Little 1878 ♦Henry Armitt Brown 1878 ♦John Wright 1878 Charles H. Cramp 1878, 1879, 1880, 1881, 1882, 1883 ♦Strickland Kneass 1879, 1880, 1881, 1882, 1883 *T „ T T .„ o„ , / 1879, 1880, 1881, 1882, i88s, 1884 ♦John L. Lawson \ „A_ qq^ uo 000 co o •' \ 1885, 1886, 1887, 1888, 1889, 1890 *C ,^r -D TJ„„ , f 1879, 1880, 1881, 1882, 1883 ♦Samuel B. Huey | ^g^y; ^gg^; ^ggg' ^gg^; ^gg^ ♦Francis P. Steel 1879 ♦H. p. Smith 1879, to Sept. 14, 1880 L. F. Barry 1879, 1880, 1881, 1882, 1883, 1884 J. E. SouLE 1879, 1880, 1881, 1887, to Feb. 14, 1888 WiNTHROP Smith.... ^ \«79' 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884, 1885 i Apnl 13, 1886, 1887, 1888, 1889, 1890, 1891 William H. Hurley | ' '^W V ' ^^^'^\ '««°' 'f«'' 'f«A I. 1883, to Jan. 8, 1884, 1885, 1886 464 The Officers and Members Thomas Dolan Feb. lo, 1880, 1881, 1882, 18 Wayne McVeagh Sept. 22, 1880, iS r^ -a- -VKT i Sept. 22, 1880, 1881, 1882, 18S3 Theodore E.WiEDERSHEiM.... I ^gg^^ ^^g^^ 1886, 1887, 1888 Robert S, Davis 1882, 1883 Joel J. Baily 1882, 1883, 1884, 1885, 1886, 1887, 1888, 1889 *Thomas Cochran 1884, 1885, 1886, 1887, 1888, 1889, 1890 ♦Samuel B. Thomas to Nov. 30, 1884 ♦Hamilton Disston 1884, 1885, 1886, 1887, 1888 *James B. Agnew 1884, 1885, 1886, 1887 S. Emlen Meigs 1885, 1886 ♦Joseph Bernard Wilson 1885, to March 25, 1886 ♦Thomas McKean 1885, 1886, 1887, 1888, 1889 ♦John R. Fell May 12, 1885, 1886, 1887, 1888, 1889 Richard A. Lewis 1886, 1887 Merle Middleton 1887 Samuel S. Sharp 1888, 1889, 1894 Tohn F. Stoer 1888, 1889, 1890, 1891 „ ... -., T^ f 1888,1889,1890,1891 Joseph S. Neff, M.D | ^g^^, 1893, 1894, 1895, 1896 John H. Michener Feb. 14, 1888, 1889, 1890 ♦Francis W. Murphy 1889, 1890 George H. Colket 1889, 1890, 1891, 1892 ♦William B. Warne 1889, 1890, 1891 Charles E. Pugh 1890, 1891, 1892, 1893, 1894, 1895, 1896 Elisha a. Hancock 1890, 1891, 1892 ♦Jacob Naylor 1890, 1891, 1892 William Potter 1890, 1891, 1892 Joseph G. Darlington 1891, 1892, 1893 George H. North 1891, 1892, 1893, 1894 ♦H. Earnest Goodman, M.D 1891, 1892, 1893 Fayette R. Plumb 1891, 1892, 1893, 1894 Harry F, West 1891, 1892, 1893, 1894, 1895, 1896, 1897 Charles Thackara 1891, 1892, 1893 ♦John Russell Young 1892 ♦ N. Chapman Mitchell 1892 Effingham B. Morris 1892, 1893, 1894 Thomas D. Stinson 1893 James Pollock 1893, 1894, 1895 George Campbell 1893, 1894 James Butterworth 1893, 1894, 1895, 1896 Edward I. Smith 1893, 1895, 1897, 189S, 1899 Louis A. Flanagan 1893, 1894, 1895 R. Dale Benson 1894. 1895, to March 10, 1896 George C. Thomas 1894, 1895, 1896, 1897 Lincoln Godfrey 1894, 1895, 1896 C Stuart Patterson 1894, 1895, 1896 Alfred F. Moore 1895, 1896, 1898, 1899, 1900 ♦Collins W. Walton 1895, 1896 Thomas Potter, Jr 1895, 1901 John T. Bailey 1895 Samuel B. Stinson ; •■.',•■• ' „5 Charlemagne Tower, Jr 1896, to April 13, 1897 James F. Hope 1896 30 465 Directors The Union League of Philadelphia Directors ♦Edward F. Kingsley 1896, 1897 Lincoln K. Passmore 1896, 1897, 1898 Robert C. Lippincott March 10, 1896, 1897, 1898, 1900, 1901 *Georgb R. Howell 1897, 1898, 1899 Alfred C. Harrison 1897, 1898, 1899 J. Albert Caldwell 1897, 1898, 1899 J. Levering Jones 1897, 1898, 1899 Charles S. Forsyth 1897, 1898, 1899 Alan Wood, Jr 1897 Henry S. Grove 1897, 1898, 1899 James C. Brooks 1897 Henry E. Garsed April 13, 1897, 1898, 1899 Edward T. Stotesbury 1898, 1899, 1900, igoi M. RiEBENACK 1898, 1899, 1900 Samuel Goodman 1898 *Henry C. Davis 1898, 1899, 1900 Joel Cook 1899, 1900, 1901 Theodore C. Search 1899, 1900, igoi John C. Lowry 1899, 1900, 1901 William B. Van Lennep, M.D 1900, 1901 William M. Coates 1900, 1901 DiMNER Beeber 1900, 1901 Charles K. Barns 1900, 1901 E. Burgess Warren 1900, 1901 Jacob E. Heyl 1900, 1901 Frederick S. Hovey 1900 Edwin S. Stuart 1901 George W. Elkins 1901 William T. Tilden 1901 466 MEMBERS December 27t 1862, to November 30, igor Explanation of signs: * Deceased. t Resigned. I Transferred to Correspondents' Roll. X Transferred to Active Life Roll. il Honorary member. HONORARY ROLL *Day, Ishmael Sept. 29, 1864 Roosevelt, Theodore Oct. Dewey, George, U.S.N. Oct. 10,1899 *Sheridan, PhilipH., U. Edmunds, George F. . .May 8, 1894 S.A Sept ♦Harrison, Benjamin .Nov. 13, 1888 *Welsh, John May *McKiNLEY, William ..Aug. 11, 1897 *Winslow, John A.,U.S. ♦Meredith, William M.Dec. 12, 1864 N Sept. 29, 1864 Morton, Levi P Nov. 13, 1888 8, 1901 29, 1864 9, 1876 ACTIVE ROLL Date of Name. Admission. tABBEY, Charles O. . . .Oct. 15, 1866 ♦Abbey, WILLIAM R..{M-py ^9; ^«^5 tABBOxx, Harry J... {>-r6, 1870 *Abbotx, James April i6, 1880 *Abboxx, James G Nov. 6, 1863 t Abbott, Redman Sept. 20, 1879 fACKLEY, SCHREVB Feb. lO, 1875 tAoAMS, A Mar. 5, 1874 IAdams, Edward A. . . .June 15, 1865 *Adams, Frederick M. .Feb. 23, 1863 Adams, Harry L Feb. 11,1892 fAoAMS, Henry A June 15, 1865 tAoAMS, Jr., Robert ...Nov. 17, 1881 IAdams, Samuel D Jan. 16, 1872 fADAMS, Theodore . . . .April 7, 1863 Date of Name. Admission. Adams, Wm. W Sept. 23, 1893 Adams, Jr., Wm. Wal- lace Nov. 12, 1897 fADAMSON, William ...Oct. 4, 1866 IAddicks, Frederick P. Jan. 12,1872 {Addicks, J. Edward . .Mar. 19, 1863 *Addicks, John E Mar. 10, 1864 tAooLPH, Alfred W. , .June 8, 1865 Aertsen, Guilliaem . .May 12, 1900 Aertsen, James M. . . .Feb. 10, 1863 *Agnew, James B July 23, 1866 tAKERS, William May 4, 1866 *Alberxson, Samuel ( May 10, 1870 M 1 Oct. 8, 1872 ♦Alberxson, William .Oct. 13, 1871 ♦Alburger, Jacob T. . .July i, 1863 Alburger, Jacob T. . .May 13, 1897 467 The Union League of Philadelphia Date of Name. Admission. Alburger, John Nov. i6, 1882 *Alburger, J. West . . .Oct. 21, 1897 Alcorn, James May 23,1896 fALCoRN, Wm. W Sept. 13, 1883 fALDEN, R. Percy Mar. 19, 1872 Aldrich, Silas June 20, 1865 fALEXANDER, JaMES B. . NoV. 10, 1868 IAlexander, John S. . .Oct. 8, 1872 Alexander, Robert . .Mar. 9, 1898 fALKiNS, G Feb. 21, 1863 ♦Allderdice, James ..May 24, 1865 Alleman, S. H Dec. 10, 1881 *Allen. Benjamin... {Dec-7. ^867 Allen, 3D, Benjamin. .Jan. 30, 1897 Allen, Charles C Nov. 11, 1897 Allen, John May 11, 1892 fALLEN, John B. A Sept. 14, 1866 IAllen, John H May 23, 1865 fALLEN, John H Feb. 4, 187 1 JAllen, Josiah J Feb. 24, 1863 Allen, N. Penrose. . .Feb. 15, 1897 fALLEN, Ralph W. P Sept. 13, 1866 Allen, Rowland D. . . . Nov. 28, 1884 fALLEN, Samuel Sept. 15, 1866 Allen, Theodore M. . .June 12, 1896 Allen, Wm Dec. 15, 1897 fALLEN, Wm. H July 5, 1870 fALLEN, Wm. S Feb. 8, 1864 Allen, Wm.W {^°l ^^'^f^ ' I. Oct. 12, 1880 f Allison, Joseph Feb. 7, 1863 fALLisoN, J. W April 6, 1863 f Allison, Thomas E. . . . Oct. 15, 1868 fALLisoN, Walter Jan. 22, 1863 f Allison, Wm. C Mar. 4, 1863 ♦Allman, Thomas Mar. 23, 1863 Altemus, Edward J.. .Aug. 18, 1865 Altemus, Jr., Edward J Oct. 28, 1S93 f Altemus, George W. . .Jan. 9, 1864 Altemus, Henry Feb. 14,1894 Altemus, Jr., Henry. .Feb. 13,1892 JAltemus, Howard E. .Feb. 22, 1884 Altemus, Joseph B. . | ^^^- '°- ^f 3 -' I Jan. 14, 1879 Altemus, Lemuel Cof- fin Mar. 12, 1896 JAltemus, Robert E. . .Feb. 15, 1888 Altemus, Roland. . . .Jan. 20, 1898 f Altemus, Samuel T. . .Jan. 9, 1863 JAltemus, Thomas Dec. 3, 1866 468 Name. Date of Admission. Anders, M.D., J. M May 13 f Anderson, George K.. Oct. 24 f Anderson, Samuel M. .April 28 Andre, John K Jan. 15 ♦Andres, Hiram Aug. 11 *Andress, C. B Jan. 20 ♦Andrews, Joseph B.. .July 14 fANSPACH, Charles E.. .Oct. 17 *Anspach, William. . . .Dec. 10 Antelo, Anthony J.. .Jan. 8 f Antes, Charles H Mar. 4 Appleton, Wm. Hyde. Nov. 21 Archambault, Jr., V. E Nov. 15 f Archbold, Samuel. . . .Mar. 27 t Archer, William V. ..May 11 Arey, Wm. E April 16 f Arfwedson, W. a Jan. 13 JArmstrong, E. a Feb. 18 Armstrong, Theodore Jan. 15 Armstrong, Wm. H. . I J^^^' 9 Arrison, Charles E. . . Dec. 18 Arrison, James M July 13 Arrison, Wm. E Feb. 25 *Arrott, William Sept. 2 Arrott, William H. . .Jan. 13 Artman, E. R Dec. 2 *Asch, Charles J Mar. 27 fAscH, Myer Sept. 14 fASHBRIDGE, Jr.,John|^^5^ " fAsHBURNER, Benjamin June 20, *ASHBURNER, ChARLES A Dec. 10 fAsHHURST, Francis. . .Jan. 2 fAsHHURST, Henry. .. .Jan. io| f AsHHURST, John Jan. 8^ fASHHURST, Jr., M.D., John Feb. 9, *Ashhurst, Lewis Jan. 10 f AsHHURST, Lewis R. . .Jan. 8 fAsHHURST, Richard. . .Jan. 8 AsHHURST, Richard L. Oct. 22. f AsHHURST,M.D.,SAMUELjan. lO f AsHHURST, William H. Jan. 8 fAsHMEAD, Albert S. ..Aug. 15 *Ashmead, George. .. .April 10 AsHMEAD, Henry B. . .Mar. 28 f AsHTON, George H. . . . Feb. 17 fAsHTON, J. HUBLEY. . .Mar. s fAsHTON, Thomas June 27 I»92 1868 1865 1898 1891 1874 1863 1866 1868 1863 1874 1888 1888 1863 1865 1897 1866 1888 1892 1864 1888 1897 1865 1901 i88i 1892 1889 1873 1865 1871 1878 1871 1885 1865 1863 1863 1863 1863 1863 1863 1863 1863 1863 1865 1863 1863 1863 1863 1870 The Officers and Members Date of Name. Admission. tATKiNS, G. E Feb. 14, JAtkins, Hanson E....May 26, Atkins, Wm May 12 tAxKiNSON, Francis T. .Oct. 17, JAtkinson, William P. .Oct. 12, fAxLEE, M.D., Wash- ington L May 30 Atterbury, W. W June 15, tATWooD, Alfred N. . . . Sept. 14, fAxwooD, John H Jan. 14, fAxwooD, Wm. C July 10, tAuBiN, Philip J Jan. 19 fAuDENRiED, Charles Y.Dec. 17, tAuDENRiED, George A.Oct. 9 *Audenried, John T. .. .June 9, *AuDENRiED, Lewis. . . .Jan. 10, Audenried, Lewis. . . .Oct. 12, *AUDENRIED, W. W Oct. 9, fAuG^, Clinton Feb. 13 *AuMONT, James P. E. . .July 20, JAustin, E. H Dec. 12 f Austin, L Bell Oct. 26 Austin, James S Oct. 18 fAusTiN, John B Mar. 14 Austin, Richard L. . . .Dec. 9 Austin, Jr., Samuel H.Aug. 26 Austin, Wm. L Feb. 13 tAvERY, Henry July 13 JAyres, William May 9 IBabcock, W. Irving.. Jan. 16 *Bache, a. D May 8 fBACON, Edward May 13 IBacon, F. S Oct. 12 fBACON, George W April 17 fBACON, Josiah M Jan. 19 JBacon, Richard W. . . . Nov. 16 *Baeder, Charles B...Dec. 10 Bailey, Charles W. . .Oct. 15 f Bailey, Edward Jan. 14 *Bailey,E.W {>"^- ^9 f Bailey, M.D., George. .Dec. 19 Bailey, John T Mar. 9 Bailey, Joseph T. . . j j^^^ ""^ f Bailey, Josiah F July 9 f Bailey, Melbourne. .Dec. 13 f Bailey, Melvin J Jan. 23 f Bailey, Meredith. .. .Dec. 14 f Bailey, Westcott. . . .May 10 Date of Admission. 1872 1865 1892 1864 1871 1863 1900 1864 1869 1865 1863 1891 1868 1865 1863 1899 1871 1866 1882 1885 1868 1898 1872 1885 1879 1890 1865 1870 1863 1865 1868 1875 1870 1867 1863 1879 1865 1864 1865 1879 1881 1870 1884 1870 1866 Bailey, Jr., Westcott. Feb. 9 Baily, Joel J July 2 f Baily, Joshua L Sept. 22 Bain, Jr. , Henry Sept. 18 f Bains, Edward May 2 Bains, Jr., George B. .April 10 Bains, 3D, George B. .Aug. 26 f Bains, Joseph P Dec. 7 JBaird, Chas. O April 14 f Baird, Henry C July 7 Baird, John April 16 *Baird, Matthew Jan. 23 Baird, Thomas E Feb. 1 7 Baird, Jr., Thomas E. .Sept. 9 *Baird, Walter T Dec. 18 *Baird, William H June 20 *Baird, William S Jan. 18 f Baker, Edwin G. A. .. .June 5 f Baker, George June 14 f Baker, Isaac F April 10 fBAKER, Jairus Feb. 25 f Baker, Jr., John R. . .Dec. 2 fBAKER, Wm. C Mar. 5 *Baker, Wm. S Mar. 14 fBALCOM, Geo. L May 11 ♦Baldwin, M. W Jan. 22 ♦Baldwin, William. .. .Jan. 5 Baldwin, W. M Dec. 8 f Ball, George H Jan. 12 JBall, Robert H Feb. 16 Ballard, Ellis Ames. Jan. 16 Baltz, Wm. P July 16 f Bamberger, H Mar. 1 1 Bancroft, Jr., SAMUELjan. 18 fBANER, W. R April 4 f Banes, Charles H. . . .Nov. 22 Banks, George W April 22 *Bankson, John P Feb. 22 ♦Barclay, Andrew C. . .Jan. 9 fBARCLAY, Clement B.. April 14 ♦Barclay, John A Jan. 10 Barge, B. F Oct. 15, f Bargh, Wm Dec. 16 f Barili, Ettore Oct. 16 Barker, Abraham. .. .Jan. 10 f Barker, Eben F April 19 f Barker, Henry Nov. 7 ■J-Barker, Wharton. .. .Oct. 15 Barlow, Thomas W. . .Mar. 25 fBARLOw, William M. . .June 15 f Barnes, Oliver W. . . .Mar. 27 f Barnes, Wm. H April 3 870 863 866 897 865 893 897 893 879 865 898 863 891 897 879 870 863 865 865 863 863 889 863 872 86 s 863 872 879 870 870 896 891 873 888 87s 865 872 866 863 863 863 892 864 871 863 889 868 865 863 865 469 The Union League of Philadelphia Name. Date of Admission. Barnes, W. H May 9 IBarnett, Charles B.. .June 19 ♦Barnett, Henry April 12 Barney, Charles D. \ ?5^- ^^ I J an, 1 3 Barns, Charles K. {^^H ,% ♦Barns, George T. . . -| ^^\ '^ ' (, April 29 fBARR, M.D,, D. M April 25 Barr, Jacob E Nov. 17 Barr, Thomas C Feb. 15 fBARRATT, James May 11 Barratt, Norris S. . . .April 12 Barrett, Charles OxToOct. ,23 fBARRiNGTON, Charles, July 8 Barry, Llewellyn F. \ -ji ^1 ^^ fBARRY, Robert Feb. 6 Bartlett, m,d,, Clar- ence July 9 tBARTLETT, I. KemP . . . .Sept. 19 JBartlett, Job Oct. 2 *Bartol, Barnabas H, ,May 30 Bartol, Henry W Sept. 17 fBARTOL, Samuel F May 18 f Barton, Francis Jan, 24 Barton, Henry H Jan, 15 Barton, Jr,, Henry H. Jan, 15 Barton, m,d,, J. M, ,.,Mar, 15 Bartram, Edwin B, , . , Oct. 18 Bartram, George W. .Mar. 10 fBASTIAN, HuBER Oct. 15 Bateman, Jr., James. .Nov, 19 fBATES, H, Bascom , . . .Aug. 12 IBates, Joseph C June 16 *Bates, Joseph Wm. ...Oct. 12 fBATES, Jr., J, W Sept, 14 Bates, Stockton Nov, 15 fBATTiN, Joseph Nov. 14 Battles, Frank Nov, 15 Baugh, Daniel Feb. 24 fBAUGH, E. P April 10 JBaugh, Lewis D Oct. 12 *Baugh, Samuel ■! i^"® '^ ' \ Nov. 24 *Baugh, William M, , . .Oct, 7 Bausman, John W, B, .Dec, 14 fBAXTER, De Witt C, . , Nov, 19 JBaxter, Robert J Oct. 10 IBayard, James ,May 25 Bayard, William M, . , April 20 1869 1900 1880 1897 1880 1883 1876 1884 1871 1884 1890 1865 1901 1897 1885 1865 1877 1886 1896 1866 1868 1865 1869 1892 1863 1896 1896 1889 1899 1892 1866 1900 1868 1865 1863 1864 1888 1867 1897 1880 1873 1863 1865 1882 1868 1896 1868 1865 1863 1860 Date of Name. Admission. *Bayley, Harwin p. . . .April 4, 1883 tBAZiN, Havier Oct. 26,1863 fBEACH, C. Nichols. . . .Jan. 27, 1863 Beale, Jr., Horace A. .Nov. 27, 1895 Beall, Walter April 6, 1897 Bean, Charles H April 26, 1897 Beates, Jr., Henry. . .Feb. i, 1897 Beath, Robert B June 12, 1897 tBEATTY, M.D,, 'George, ,May 30, 1865 IBeatty, James M Feb, 3,1881 ♦Beaumont, m,d,, George H Oct, 3, 1864 Beaver, James A Nov, 30, 1888 fBEAVER, Thomas Aug. 18, 1865 *Beck, H, Dwight Jan, 31, 1873 Beck, Isaac P April 17, 1896 IBeck, Paul July 9, 1872 Beeber, Dimner Dec, 16, 1887 *Beeken, M.D., Carl. . .June 20, 1865 Beers, C. E Aug. 15, 1884 fBEESLEY, Bartholo- mew W May 25, 1865 fBEiTLER, Daniel B. . . July 31, 1866 IBeitler, David May 31, 1863 Beitler, Lewis E June 11, 1897 fBELFiELD, T. Broom. .Jan. 26, 1866 *Bell, Charles D Aug. 30, 1884 Bell, C. H Jan. 13, 1899 tBELL, Edmund H April 9, 1883 Bell, Frank F Nov. 15, 1888 Bell, J. Lowrie July 12, 1865 {Bell, James S Sept. 14, 1887 t Bell, Philidore S May 10,1883 Bell, Samuel Feb. 22, 1865 JBell, Jr., Samuel. . . .Nov, 11, 1887 *Bell, Stirling April i, 1865 *Bell, W, Dwight Jan, 23, 1863 *T-> T f Augf, 14, 186 c: *Bellak, Tames { v^T" o ^ ' •' \ Mar, II, 1879 *Belrose, Louis Jan, 23, 1864 Bement, Clarence S,, April 2, 1884 Bement, Frank Dec, 24, 1897 *Bement, Wm, B j ^'"': 3. 1866 I. Sept. 22, 1880 Bement, Wm. P Dec. 14, 1887 Bendig, F. H June 22, 1896 tBENEDiCT, James Oct. 10, 1868 Benerman, Wm. M. . , . Dec, 9, 1886 tBENNERS, Henry B, .. ,Feb, 23,1863 JBennett, Daniel R,., April 4, 1865 tBENNETT, Edward, ,, ,May ii, 1865 ♦Bennett, Jacob Aug, 13, 1866 470 The Officers and Members Date of Name. Admission. Bennett, Jacob T June 19,1888 Bennett, James M. . . .Jan. 14, 1873 fBENNETT, Joseph M. . .May 29, 1863 *Benson, Jr., Alex- ander Feb. II, 1863 Benson, Edwin N May 31, 1863 fBENSON, Frank C Sept. 15, 1869 *Benson, George E. . . .April 10, 1863 *Benson, GusTAvus S. . .Feb. 26, 1863 Benson, Jr., Gustavus S April 17, 1885 JBenson, R. Dale Jiily 20, 1866 *Bent, Ward H Feb. 22, 1892 Bentley, Henry N. .. .Oct. 9, 1901 fBENTON, Albert Oct. 7, 187 1 IBerens, Conrad Feb. 12, 1892 JBerg, Hart E Mar. 7, 1872 tBERGEN, Christopher A April 8, 1890 fBERGER, Charles F. . .July 21, 1865 Bbrger, Stephen C. . . .April 14, 1899 {Bergner, C. William. May 26, 1883 Bergner.Gustavus W.Feb. 13,1896 *Bergner, Theodore. .April 11, 1884 fBERNADON, F. F Feb. 10, 1863 fBERNADON, George W May 31, 1864 fBERNARD, George A.. .Jan. 23,1868 Bernard, J. Max June 15, 1900 tBERNHEIM, BARTHOLD.Feb. I4, 1872 fBERNHEiM, Morris. . . .May 17, 1865 fBERNiAND, Louis Jan. 30, 1865 *Berry, George June 20, 1881 Berry, Henry C Feb. 15, 1892 Berry, Thomas J April 15, 1898 fBERTOLET, M.D., R. M. .Jan. 13, 1872 *T> r^ T? f Nov. 4, 1872 *Berwind, Charles F. I j^Q^ |; ^g^^ Berwind, H. a Jan. 18, 1890 *Besson, Charles A. . . .Feb. 20, 1864 IBethell, George S...Aug. 16, 1865 fBETTLE, Edward May 6,1865 IBettle, Jr., Edward. .Oct. 9, 1868 fBETTLE, Henry Aug. 19, 1868 JBetton, Samuel June 14, 1865 Betts, Charles M Jan. 25, 1896 fBETTS, Silas Nov. 3, 1868 *Bickel, John A Mar. 21, 1899 *T> T -c^ f Mar. 17, 1871 *BiCKEL, John F | j^^ ^^ ^g^g fBlCKEL, J. M Oct. 30, 1868 fBicKLEY, Robert W. . .Dec. 22, 1865 Date of Admission. *Biddle, Alexander. . .Feb. 22 fBiDDLE, Cadwalader. .Jan. 10 *Biddle, Clement Jan. 8 fBiDDLE, Edward C. ...Feb. 20 JBiDDLE, John July 15 JBiDDLE, Samuel May 15 *BiDDLE, Thomas A Jan. 13 BiDDLE, William F. . . .April 28 tBiGELOW, John Nov. 10 JBiLLiN, Charles E. ...Dec. 22 BiLLiNGTON, Jr., James H Feb. 14 *BiLYEU, Frazier p.. . .Mar. 13 Bingham, HenryH. .. .July 30 fBiNGHAM, James T June 15 *Binney, Jr., Horace. .Jan. 8^ Binns.Wm. H Feb. 12 fBlNSWANGER, J July 2 fBiRCH, Edwin K May 17 Birch, Milton Sept. 11 *BiRCH, Thomas Jan. 22 fBiRCHARD, Harvey L. .Feb. 18 JBiRKBECK, John April 9 JBiRKiNBiNE, John Sept. 21 Bishop, John I Jan. 31 tBiSHOP, Stilwell S. . . . Mar. 3 1 fBisPHAM, Edward K. . .Aug. 31 tBisPHAM, Geo. Tucker July 19 fBisPHAM, Henry C. . . .April 14 fBisPHAM, James L Sept. 14 JBisPHAM, John S April 20 tBisPHAM, Joseph B. . . . Nov. 16 *BiSPHAM, Samuel April 20 fBisPHAM, Wm July 24 ■j-BissEL, W. R Oct. 29 fBissELL, FREo'KMEADEjune 15 Blabon, George C. . . .Jan. 15 fBLACK, James T Sept. 13 JBlack, Joseph R Sept. 11 Black, J. Frank Dec. 22 tBLACK, R.J April 8 tBLACK, William D. ...Aug. 18 fBLACKBURNE, Francis. May 26 IBlackburne, Jr., Francis May 16 fBLACKBURNE, WiLLIAM Dec. 9 fBLADEN, Washington L Sept. 2 1 *Blair, J. C Feb. 14 *Blake, John T Sept. 5 fBLAKE, Jr., S. Park- man Mar. 17 1864 1863 1863 1863 1865 1869 1863 1865 1887 1885 1866 1865 1863 1898 1870 1865 1885 1863 1888 1869 1868 1898 1863 1883 1865 1865 1871 1863 1865 1863 1863 1868 1865 1898 1867 1880 1897 1873 1884 1865 1865 1864 1866 1896 1865 1863 471 The Union League of Philadelphia Date of Name. Admission. *Blakeley, John Dec. 8, 1886 tBLAKELY, James R. ...May 16, 1892 Blakely, Wm. S Dec. 21,1882 •■Blakeslee, Wm. M. . . .Oct. 28, 1880 "Blakiston, Charles. .May 16, 1865 tBLAKisTON, John May 17,1865 *Blakiston, John R. .. .Jan. 16,1873 Blakiston, Kenneth M Sept. 13, 1893 Blanchard, Charles M Mar. 22, 1890 *Blanchard, Henry. . .Mar. 19, 1864 tBLANCHARD, Henry B. May 20, 1865 ♦Blanchard, Wm May 12,1865 tBLANCHARD, Wm. I. . . . May II, 1865 JBlankenburg, Ru- dolph Sept. 17, 1880 tBLiGHT, Atherton. . . .Jan. 22, 1863 JBlight, Jr., George. .Feb. 8, 1866 JBlight, James H Mar. 3, 1863 tBLiss, Theodore. . . | ^^^■., '°- 'IP ' ' (, April 12, 1883 *Blitz, Antonio May 31, 1865 tBLODGBT, LORIN. . . . | "f^^ ^°' 'f^ \ April 20, 1865 ( Feb. 5, 1873 \ Jan. 13, 1880 tBoARDMAN, John L. . . .Jan. 26, 1866 fBoDiNE, Francis L. . . .Mar. 16, 1863 JBoDiNE, George I Jan. 16, 1869 *BoDiNE, Robert L Oct. 24, 1866 tBoDiNE, Samuel T Feb. 16,1863 Boenning, M.D., Henry C Nov. 26, 1897 *BoicE, D.D.S., Alonzo.Dcc. 19, 1879 Boies, Henry M Oct. 21, 1896 fBoKER, M.D., Charles S Dec. 17, 1864 tBoKER, George Sept. 11, 1865 *Boker, George H Jan. 8, 1863 tBoND, Asa M Nov. 21, 1882 *BoND, Francis S Dec. 9, 1880 jBoND, Frank S Feb. 19, 1878 tBoND, George | ^^^:, ^°' 'H^ \ April 12, 188 1 tBoND, L. Montgomery Mar. 19, 1863 BoNBRiGHT, Wm. p. . . .Mar. i, 1883 fBoNHAM, Joseph A.. . .Dec. 19, 1879 t Bonsall, Charles T. . .July 2, 1867 tBoNSALL, Sterling. . .Mar. 21,1864 ♦BoNWiLL, W. G. A Jan. 7, 1889 Bonzano. Adolphus . .Feb. 18, 1890 Blynn, Harry. Date of Name. Admission. Bonzano, H. A July 7, 1892 Bonzano, M. F May 14, 1888 fBooTH, Edwin Mar. 13, 1863 fBoRDA, Eugene Sept. 13, 1866 Borden, Edward P. . . .Sept. 15, 1869 Borden, E. Shirley . .Sept. 10, 1896 *Borie, Adolph E Jan. 8, 1863 B0RIE,BEAUVEAU...{iP^}^4..865 *B0RiE, Charles L...{>-i s! 1879 fBoRiE, Henry P Jan. g, 1863 JBoRiE, J. J Jan. 9, 1863 Borton, Joshua E June 14, 1894 Bosbyshell, O. C Mar. i, 1892 BosBYSHELL, O. M Jan. 19, 1901 Bosbyshell, W. L Jan. 19, 1901 tBosLER, D. W. C July 2, 1896 BosLER, Frank C May 20, 1896 BosLER, Joseph Jan. 16, 1897 *BoswELL, James J Feb. 28, 1863 Bottomly, JohnT Feb. 22, 1892 tBouDiNOT, Elias L. . . .Dec. 20, 1865 BouGHER, J. K April 18, 1896 fBouGHTER, Charles E. Sept. 11, 1865 *BouR, Philip A May 18, 1896 Bournonville, An- toine Feb. 19, 1890 fBowEN, Edward R. . . .June 15, 1865 *BowEN, Ezra June 21, 1863 tBowEN, Jr., Franklin H Oct. 13, 1883 BowEN, J. B Mar. 13, 1890 Bower, m.d., John L. .Dec. 11, 1893 Bowker, George C. . . .Dec. 24, 1897 fBowLBY, Samuel L. . . .Mar. 15, 1864 *Bowles, p. P Aug. 25, 1884 Bowman, Wendell P. .June 20, 1883 tBoYD, A Feb. 9, 1863 *BoYD, D. M Aug. ii, 1870 tBoYD, George April 27, 1865 fBoYD, George J Aug. 9, 1864 Boyd, George W Sept. 23, 1887 tBoYD, James W Mar. 21, 1864 fBoYD, John Dec. 26, 1882 BoYD, Peter Nov. 15, 1895 BoYD, Robert H July 30, 1896 *BoYD, Thomas A June 16, 1865 tBoYD, W. Bray Feb. 18, 1890 *BoYER, John K May 11, 1882 BoYER, W. N Feb. 25, 1898 Boyle, E. M Sept. 29, 1885 472 The Officers and Members Date of Admission. Name. Boyle, Samuel A Mar. 14 tBRACKEN, Wm {0^^^i4 tBRADFORD, Samuel. . j 4,^?' ^^ fBRADLEE, D. H Jan. 10 Bradley, John C April 6 tBRADLEY, Joseph W. . .June 15 JBradley, Walter T.. .Jan. 21 tBRADLEY, W. H Oct. 25, tBRADSHAW, James T. { j^^ ^J fBRADSHAW, Joseph T. .May 17 IBraidwood, Thomas W May 1 1 fBRAiNERD, Erastus. . .Jan. 4 Branson, David Nov. 14, ♦Branson, George. .. .Sept. 20 fBRANSON, Orlando ... Feb. 10 Bratten, Wm. B Jan. 13 tBRAY, M.D., Daniel... May 11 Bray, Henry A Jiuie 8 tBRAY, Thomas Dec. 9 *Bray, Wm. K Jan. 23 Brazier, Joseph H. . . .April 11 tBREADY, John E May 13 tBREGY, F. AMfeDE6...May 15 Bregy, Louis Dec. 10 Breintnall, Geo. K. .Dec. 10 Bremer, Geo. W June 26 Bremer, Jr., Geo. W. .Mar. 17 Bremer, Harry W. . . .June 15 Bremer, Howard B...July 24, Bremer, Theodore. . .June 18 Bremer, Walter T. .. .Mar. 17 Breneman, B. F Nov. 14 tBREWSTER, Benjamin H Mar. 16 ♦Brewster, F. Carroll Mar. 20 Brewster, Jr., F. Car- roll Dec. 10 tBREWSTER, Ferdinand T April 10 JBrice, Ephraim Dec. 17 *Brice, Philip H Feb. 21 tBRiCE, Singleton Mer- cer Nov. 17 tBRicK, Samuel R Dec. 13 tBRiDGES, William C. . .May 17 _LT^ A f Mar. 9 tBRiGGS, Amos | j^^ ^^ Briggs, Bowness April 14 Date of Admission. 1894 1877 1880 1863 187s 1872 1878 1866 1885 1884 1867 187s i86s 1865 1887 1866 1884 1863 1898 1870 1897 188s 1864 1872 1864 1882 1887 1891 1885 1898 1901 1901 1901 1863 1863 1872 1866 1872 1863 1885 1864 1865 1863 1872 1891 Name. Bright, Frank D Mar. 22 Bright, J. C June i tBRiNCKLE, J. Gordon . . Sept. 4 JBringhurst, Jr., E. . . .May 16 JBrinton, m.d., D. G. . .Dec. 14 tBRiNTON, Jr., R. B Sept. 25 *Brinton, R. M Mar. 3 Briscoe, Frank D Oct. 2 tBRiSTow, B. H Feb. 7 IBritton, John Blod- GET Nov. 16 Brock, Arthur Jan. 31 tBROCK, John Penn. .. .May 2 tBROcK, R. S Feb. 25 Brock, Wm. Penn.... May 2 *Brockie, William. . . .Sept. 13 Bromley, Edward. . . .Feb. 21 Bromley, Joseph H. ..Dec. 21 Bromley, W. H Mar. 10 tBROoKE, Benjamin. . . .April 14 Brooke, Benjamin. . . .July 28 *Brooke, Francis M. ..July 4, tBROOKE, George April 3 J.T, TT f Tan. 13 {Brooke, Hunter. .. | j^^^ ^^ ♦Brooke, H. Jones. . . .Jan. 15 ♦Brooke, Nathan . . . ■! -qP" ^\ tBROOKS, Charles H...June 15 ♦Brooks, David Mar. 28 tBROOKS, Jr., David. { j^g" ' 1° Brooks, Frank Mur- phy June 12 JBrooks, James C Feb. 12 ♦Brooks, Jeremiah M. .May 15 Brooks, Wm. H June 11 tBROOMALL, John M.. . .Mar. 21 tBROoMALL, Lewis R. . .May 15 Broomall, W. B Mar. 3 Brosius, Joseph P. . . | -r^^ '^ ♦Brosius, M. L Oct. 14 tBROwER, Abraham J. . . Oct. 9 ♦Brown, Alexander. . .Jan. 9 tBROwN, Alexander Lardner Jan. 27 Brown, Benjamin H.. .Mar. 21 tBROWN, Charles War- dell Jan. 4 ♦Brown, David S Jan. 21 ♦Brown, Frederick. . .Jan. 10 1896 1872 1881 1881 1875 1871 1889 1873 1865 1888 1865 1863 1865 1865 1890 1886 1898 1873 1891 1870 1865 1876 1882 1890 1863 1881 1865 1863 1873 1897 1870 1865 1897 1863 1865 1896 1865 1899 1884 1865 1863 1869 1863 1863 1863 473 The Union League of Philadelphia fBROWN, Jr., FREDERicKFeb. 26 Brown, George F April 15 fBROWN, George H. ...July 18 Brown, Henry C Jan. 15 {Brown, Henry W May 22 IBrown, Hubert S Jan. 21 *Brown, H. Armitt. . . .Jan. 5 fBROWN, I. H Mar. 12 fBROWN, James P. P. . . .Jan. 5 *Brown, John A Jan. 8 fBROWN, John H June 2 fBROWN, John T May 11 j-Brown, J. G. L April 6 Brown, Joseph H Jan. 14 Brown, J. Hay Jan. 15 fBROWN, J. Stuart . . . .June 3 Brown, N. HowLAND. .May g *Brown, Robert Eden. June 10 Brown, S. B Feb. 22 *Brown, T. Horace. . . .April 2 fBROWN, Thomas R. . . .Nov. 21 ♦Brown, Thornton. . . .Mar. 19 fBROWN, W. G April 26 *Brown, Washington. .Feb. 18 fBROWN, Wm. H Mar. 30 fBROWN, Jr., Wm. H. . . . Feb. 23 fBROWN, Wm. Hobart. .May 26 Brown, Wilson H April 4 fBROWNE, George Blight Sept. 5 fBROWNE, John C May. 29 *Browne, Nathaniel B.Jan. 22 fBROWNE, Peter A Oct. 25 f Browning, Charles H.April 22 ♦Browning, Edward. . .Feb. 26 ♦Browning, Genge. . . .Sept. 24 Browning, G. Genge. .Feb. 10 Browning, Maurice. .May 15 Bruce, Arthur Jan. 13 *Bruner, Daniel P. . . .Sept. 16 fBRUNER, H. Naglee. . . Aug. 12 JBruner, J. Stanley. . .May 25 Brunner, C. T. Parry. Sept. 20 JBrush, Chauncey H. | J^^^; ^^ Bryan, Mahlon Dec. 18 Bryant, William Feb. 20 f Bryson, James H Mar. 3 fBRYSON, J. Henry. . . .Oct. 10 Bucher, Francis E. .. .Mar. 24 f Buchey, Joseph J Nov. 24 Buck, Frank Feb. 28 Date of Date of Admission. Name. Admission. Buck, Peter E Mar. 12,1897 Buck, Stanley L Aug. 18, 1897 fBucK, Wm. B Feb. 5, 1873 ♦Buck, Wm. R April i, 1864 ♦Buckley, Clement A. .Feb. 17, 1863 Buckley, Edward S. . .Mar. 16, 1863 Buckley, L. J Dec. 11,1891 Buckley, R. Nelson. .April 14, 1899 BucKMAN, John W. ...Dec. 14, 1887 BucKNELL, Howard. . .Jan. 10, 1898 fBucKNELL, Wm Feb. <^, i.i(>7, ♦Budd, John B Jan. 11,1865 fBuDD, J. Fletcher. . . .June 2, 1863 Budd, S. Pemberton. .Aug. 16, 1897 BuDD, Thomas J Aug. 16,1897 BuiST, Jr., Robert. .. .Dec. 13,1870 f BuLKLEY, M. S Oct. 17, 1868 f Bullock, Benjamin.. .Feb. 21, 1863 Bullock, Jr., Benja- min Sept. 16, 1893 ♦Bullock, George Mar. 3, 1863 Bullock, Horace. . . .Oct. 16, 1897 ♦Bullock, James M. . . .May 17, 1865 fBuLLOCK, Joseph W. . .Jan. 10, 1863 Bullock, Wm. B Nov. 8, 1870 ♦Bumm, Henry Nov. 4, 1864 f BuNN, Horace F Aug. 19, 1868 fBuNTiNG, Jabez Feb. 15,1867 Bunting, Jacob S Feb. 24, 1883 fBuNTiNG, Wm. H July 24, 1865 BuRGiN, Wm. M Oct. 18, 1884 ♦Burke, Edward April 15, 1872 f Burke, Henry J Nov. 20, 1872 fBuRNETT, M.D., ChAS. H.Nov. 8,1870 BuRNHAM, George. . . .May ii, 1865 Burnham, William ... Mar. 16, i8g8 fBuRNS, Frank Jan. 15, 1873 JBuRPEE, W. Atlee. . . .Dec. 4, 1884 Burr, D. Ridgeway. . .Feb. 20, 1888 Burr, Edward H Jnly 17, 1897 ♦Burr, Evan W Mar. 14, i8go Burr, Henry Cart- wright Mar. 14, 1896 ♦Burr, Wm. B April 15, 1885 fBuRR, Wm. H April 15, 1870 fBuRR, Jr., Wm. H Jan. 25, 1873 ♦Burroughs, H. NELSONFeb. 28, 1863 Burroughs, J. H Sept. 25, 1872 fBuRRowES, Thos. Henry Sept. 21, 1865 fBuRT, Arthur May 7, 1870 Burt, Edward W July 10. 1896 1863 1899 1865 1870 1884 1883 1866 1873 1891 1863 1863 1865 1863 1871 1901 1872 1899 1S65 1873 1864 1871 1863 1892 1863 1863 1863 1865 1863 1863 1863 1864 1880 1863 1866 1897 1872 1898 1893 1865 1865 1895 1866 1878 1879 1892 1863 1868 1890 1866 1892 474 The Officers and Members Date of Name. Admission. fBuRT, Nathaniel Jan. lo, 1863 JBuRTON, George W...May 25, 1865 ♦Burton, Robert July 19, 1865 BuscH, Henry Paul. .April 16, 1896 BuscH, MiERS July 16, 1889 fBusHNELL, Joseph. . . .Sept. 9, 1897 Butcher, Henry Clay Jan. 7, 1865 Butcher, Howard. . . .Oct. 20, 1890 ♦Butcher, WashingtonNov. 16, 1864 fBuTLER, Andrew A. . . . Nov. ±, 1866 JBuTLER, Bayard Dec. 21,1872 *BuTLER, E. H Feb. 23, 1863 tBuTLER, E. H April 17, 1875 *BuTLER, John G Oct. 30, 1863 *BuTLER, John M Jan. 22, 1863 jBuTLER, John M Nov. 19, 1866 BUTTERWORTH, ALBERT W Dec. 12, 1892 BuTTERWORTH, CHARLES C Dec. 6, 1890 BuTTERWORTH, HaRRY W Jan. II, 1894 JBUTTERWORTH, jAMES.Oct. 18,1884 Button, Conyers Dec. 6, 1865 Button, Jos. Priest- ley Jan. 16, 1896 fBuzBY, Albert G April 18, 1884 BuzBY, Duncan L Mar. 3, 1870 *BuzBY, George L Feb. 10, 1863 *BuzBY, J. L Feb. 10, 1863 fBuzBY, M Jan. 25, 1873 *Byerly, Alfred May 10, 1869 Byers, Cyrus A Aug. 27, 1896 fCABADA, Emilio F Mar. 21, 1870 ICabeen, F. Von A Jan. 14, 1873 tCABEEN, Robert B....Feb. 3, 1863 JCabot, Charles Feb. 2,1863 *Cabot, Henry Mar. 28, 1863 tCABOT, John F Mar. 28, 1863 tCADWALADER, GEORGE.July 3I, 1863 ICadwalader, Richard M Jan. II, 1866 *Cadwalader, Thomas. Feb. 25, 1863 tCADWALADER, WiLLIAM Jan. 10, 1863 Cadwallader, A. J. . . .Aug. i8, 1897 fCADWALLADER, CHARLES N Dec. 31, 1864 *Caffee, Ward J June 20, 1865 , „ „ T / Sept. 6, 1866 tCAKE, Henry L | j^^^ ^^^ ^gg^ Name. *Caldwell, Fred'k L. . . Caldwell, J. Albert. . *Caldwell, James E. . . . ICaldwell, Joseph K. . *Caldwell, Jr., Seth. . ♦Caldwell, Stephen / A 1 ♦Callahan, John R. . . . tCALVERT, ChAS. W. F. . . Calvert, P. B *Camac, m.d., Wm fCAMDEN, Robert L. M. Cameron, J. Donald. . fCAMERON, Simon ♦Campbell, A JCampbell, George. . . . ICampbell, J. D ICampbell, James H. . . . ICampeell, James M. . . . fCAMPBELL, James R. . . . Campbell, Malcolm G. ICampbell, Wm. H Campion, Harry C. . . ^ Campion, John W ♦Campion, Joseph H, . \ Campion, Richard. . . . ♦Campion, Richard R. , . Canby, James B ♦Canby, Samuel T Caner, Harrison K. . . ♦Caner, W. J Capp, Thomas H Capp, m.d., Wm. M Cardeza, J. W. M Cardeza, Thos. D. Mar- tinez tCAREY, Henry C Carlile, Norman W. . . ♦Carman, Hudson tCARPENTER, EdWARD . . ♦Carpenter, Emlen N. . tCARPENTER, FrANCIS . . JCarpenter, Harry D. . Carpenter, Harvey N, tCARPENTER, J. EdWARD Carpenter, John Q. . . . tCARPENTER, JoSEPH R. . ♦Carpenter, Samuel H. tCARPENTER, ThOMAS P. Carpenter, W. H Date OF Admission. Aug. 2,1, 1882 Mar. IS. 1872 Jan. 8, 1863 June !■;, ly&.s May IS, 1890 Mar. 16, 1863 Jan. 14, 1879 June 12, 1872 April 17. 1861; Nov. 28, I8P3 May 2, 1863 Sept. 20, 1866 Jan. 12, 1866 Mar. 17. 1863 Feb. IP, 1863 luly 20, 1865 Mar. 9, 1892 Nov. 22, 1867 Tulv 20, 186^ April 24. 1863 Feb. 17, 1899 Sept. II, 1871 Dec. 7, 1872 Feb. 12, 1890 Feb. IS, 1866 Oct. 7, 1868 Jan. II, 1883 Mar. 14, 18S1 Nov. 8, 1869 . Feb. 19 1898 Feb, 14, 1863 Feb. i.^. 1890 Jan. 20, 1863 May 2, 1896 luly 6, 1865 Dec. 9. 1885 Mar. 19, 1897 Jan. 26, 1863 Mar. 8, 1898 • Jan. 14, 1864 Feb. 10, 1863 .May 14. 1868 Mar. 20, 1863 .Feb. 10, 1866 ■ April II, 1883 Feb. 6, 186.; Sept. I, 187s .Jan. IS, 1863 Feb. 27, 1863 Feb. 26, 1863 Feb. 14, i«95 475 The Union League of Philadelphia Date of Namk. Admission. tCARR, Wm. Hart Aug. 8, 1864 ICarrow, John S Sept. 17, 1872 *Carryl, Wm. H Jan. 22, 1863 Carruth, John G Sept. 21, 1885 fCARSON, Henry Jan. 13, 1863 fCARSON, James W April2i,i863 fCARSoN, Joseph L Jan. 4, 1873 Carson, Robt. N Jan. 13, 1892 fCARSON, Thomas D. . . .Aug. 19, 1868 Carson, Thomas L Aug. 3,1896 tCARSoN, Wm. R Feb. 24, 1890 Carson, Wm. R Sept. 15, 1897 *Carstairs, Charles S.Feb. 18, 1863 Carstairs, Charles S.Dec. 11, 1891 Carstairs, Daniel H. .Mar. 11, 1897 Carstairs, J. Hasel- tine Feb. 13, 1897 Carter, Charles J. J. .July 9, 1896 Carter, George T. . . .Feb. 16, 1893 fCARTER, James May 17, 1866 Carter, Richard C. . . . Mar. 16, 1899 ♦Carter, Wm. T Dec. 19, 1879 ICarty, Jerome Feb. 17, 1871 tCARVER, Alexander B.July 14, 1863 ICarver, Samuel Mar. 30, 1863 ICary, Charles Oct. 8,1868 Casanave, F. D Sept. 21, 1899 fCASANovA, L Jan. 20, 1873 ICash, A. D Sept. 11, 1863 ICason, Wm. R Feb. 24, 1890 *Castle, James H May 17, 1865 fCASTNER, John April 25, 1865 tCASTNER, Samuel... {J-ly ^^5,1863 fCASTNER, Jr., Samuel. Jan. 15, 1869 Catherwood, D. B. Cummins Oct. 11, 1894 Catherwood, John H. .Feb. 15,1881 fCATTELL, Alexander G Feb. 25, 1863 fCATTELL, Andrew C. . .June i, 1863 fCATTELL, Elijah G. . . .Feb. 25, 1863 Cattell, M.D., Henry W May 20, 1896 fCATTELL, Samuel W. . .Mar. 15, 1864 f Cavada, Adolph F June 3,1865 Cavanagh, Joseph. . . .Jan. 2, 1897 Caven, Frank H Jan. 16, 1890 Cavin, Samuel E Feb. 10, 1892 fCAviN, Samuel S Jan. 22, 1868 Chamberlin, W. B. . . .Mar. i, 1893 ♦Chambers, Andrew R. Jan. 12, 1863 476 Name. Date of Admission. Chambers, A. RsEDER.Feb. 25 f Chambers, James S.. . .Feb. 13 fCHAMBERS, John H. . . .Feb. 20 ♦Chancellor, WnARTONMay 14; f Chancellor, William . Feb. 2 5 Chandlbe, Evan G. . . .Nov. 15 f Chandler, Daniel W. .Jan. 2 Chandler, F. T July 13 Chandler, James B. . -^ pf,' f Chandler, Joseph R. . . Mar. 14 Chandler, Jr., The- ophilus P June 16 Chapman, James H. . . .April 15 f Chapman, Joseph Feb. 29 Chase, Charles A Mar. 12 f Chase, Edward E Jan. 26 f Chase, Edwin T Mar. 9 Chase, Howard A June 15 fCHESEBOROUGH, A. F. . .June 3 fCHEW, SiNNICKSON. . . .Oct. 1 7 *Childs, George W. . . .Feb. 28 f Christian, Samuel J. . .Feb. 26 fCHRISTMAN, Wm. H.. . .Oct. 14 ♦Churchman, Albert L.June 15 f Churchman, C. J April 22 ♦Churchman, Charles W Feb. 26 f Churchman, George. .Mar. 7 ♦Churchman, Robert.. Mar. 4 f Churchman, Wm. B. . . .Sept. 18, Claflin, Waldo M. ...Jan. 23 Claghorn, C. E Oct. 15 fCLAGHORN, Edward H. April 17 ♦Claghorn, James L. . . .Jan. 8 fCLAGHORN, J. RAYMONDjuly 10 ♦Claghorn, John W. . . . Feb. 2 fCLAGHORN, John W. . . .Mar. 26 JClapp, B. Frank May 22 ♦Clapp, E. Herbert. .. .Sept. 9 Clapp, H. Mason Sept. 14, ♦Clapp, Nathan T Jan. 22 §Clapp, Samuel H Feb. 16 Clark, Charles E Jan. 2 f Clark, Charles P Oct. 24 fCLARK, Clarence H...Jan. 8 ♦Clark, Edward L July 21 Clark, Edward W. ...Jan. 8 f Clark, Frank H April 18 f Clark, F. H Feb. 25 f Clark, George S May 14, Clark, John A Sept. 20 1865 1863 1865 1863 1863 1900 1867 1896 1864 1883 1864 1881 1897 1864 1892 1866 1863 1892 1863 1866 1863 1863 1869 1865 1865 1863 1876 1863 1866 1897 1881 1865 1863 1863 1863 1870 1878 1891 1893 1873 1869 1888 1868 1863 1865 1863 1864 1873 1881 1869 The Officers and Members Date of Name. Admission. tCLARK, J. Ross June 22, 1865 *Clark, J. S Dec. 5, 1879 Clark, W. H Mar. 25, 1897 Clark, Walton July 21,1897 Clarke, C. H May 22, 1894 fCLARKB, E. Bradford. Jan. i, 1868 *Clarke, Edward S. . . .April 6, 1863 tCLARKSON, Robert. . . .May 12, 1865 *Clarkson, Samuel. . . .Feb. 17, 1883 Clausen, m.d., J. R. . . .May 12, 1897 Clawson, John L Mar. 16, 1893 tCLAXTON, Edmund. . . .April 6, 1864 IClaxton, William R. .Dec. 10, 1872 JClay, Richard E Nov. 17, 1871 Clay, Jr., Richard E.. Feb. 11,1892 ♦Clayton, George W. . .Jan. 10, 1888 *Clayton, John Jan. 15, 1863 tCLAYTON, Powell F. . .Mar. 29, 1865 Clement, Samuel M.. .Mar. 11, 1897 Clement, Jr., Samuel M Aug. 13, 1897 "^Cleveland, Chas. Dex- ter May 25, 1865 tCLEVENGER, Samuel J. .Dec. 14,1885 •J-Clibborn, Frederick. Mar. 18, 1872 Cliff, Geo. H Aug. 7, 1897 Clifton, H. G July 18, 1891 Clingan, Charles B.. .May 23, 1896 *Clingan, Clement B.. .Aug. 15,1865 ♦Clingan, m.d., CM... .Jan. 23, 1864 Clinton, L. A Jiine 13, 1896 Closson, m.d., James H April 27, 1896 Clothier, Clarkson. .Jan. 16,1896 Clothier, Isaac H. ...Jan. 2, 1890 Clothier, Morris L. . .July 14, 1897 Clothier, Walter. .. .Feb. 9,1898 Cloud, Edward H Mar. 16, 1885 tCLOUD, m.d., J. A Feb. 16, 1874 Clyde, B. F Feb. 28, 1874 ♦Clyde, Thomas Feb. 16, 1883 CoANE, Wm. J July 25, 1901 tCoATES, Ashton Dec. 8,1881 *Coates, Geo. MoRRisoNMar. i!, 1863 r- TT 1^ r Jan. 25, 1866 CoATES, Henry T. . . . | ^^^ ^^^ ^ggj tCoATES, H. Crawford. May 16, 1882 fCoATES, Joseph H Dec. 27, 1890 JCoates, Wm. M Dec. 5,1883 ■fCocHRAN, Henry C Mar. i, 1865 Date of Name. Admission. tCocHRAN, J. Harvey.. Feb. 28, 1863 tCocHRAN, Thomas Oct. 1,1868 ♦Cochran, Wm. AllisonAphI 3, 1884 fCocHRANE, Richard (Dec. 31,1872 E (Dec. 9,1879 fCoCHRANE, M.D., Wm. R Feb. 14, 1890 ♦Coffey, George A Jan. 22,1863 tCoFFEY, Titian J Oct. 17, 1864 fCoFFiN, Arthur G Jan. 10,1863 ♦Coffin, Lemuel Jan. 21, 1863 tCoFFRODE, Joseph H. . .Feb. 13,1891 ♦Cohen, Henry April 24, 1863 Cohen, m.d., J. Solis . .Dec. 10, 1881 fCoiT, Edward W Feb. 14, 1863 Colahan, Jr., J. B Jan. 14, 1882 ♦Colburn, Arthur. . . .Jan. 8, 1883 tCoLE, Geo. W May 5, 1865 fCoLEMAN, G. Dawson. .Feb. 11, 1863 Coleman, Joseph T. .. .Feb. 13,1892 Coleman, Jr., Robert. Feb. 10, 1887 fCoLEMAN, Thomas M. . .Jan. 11,1871 COLESBERRY, AlEX. P. .Oct. 26, 1868 tCoLHoUN, Samuel Sept. 21, 1863 JCOLKET, C. Howard.. .May 11, 1882 r^ r< „ xj f Feb. 20, 1866 COLKET, George H. . | j^^ ^^^ ^gg^ fCoLKET, H. C July 12, 1871 CoLKET, Wm. W Aug. 7, 1872 ♦Colladay, F. S Jan. 26, 1864 fCoLLADAY, Jacob W. . .Sept. 15, 1866 tCoLLiER, C. B April 12, 1873 Collier, C. B Jan. 11, 1894 fCoLLiER, George B. . . .April 14, 1863 tCoLLiNS, Alfred M. . . .Feb. 12, 1869 Collins, C. R Mar. 10, i8go ♦Collins, Frederick. . .Feb. 9, 1863 Collins, Henry H Jan. 10,1900 ♦Collins, Jr., Joseph H Mar. 4, 1884 fCoLLiNS, Jr., m.d.,S. B. .April 19, 1875 ♦Collins, Samuel C. . . .May 29, 1865 Collins, William J . . . Mar. 3, 1890 CoLLis, Charles H. T. .Oct. 16, 1882 CoLONEY, Charles E. .Dec. 10, 1896 , _ T^ T3 f Dec. II, 1 87 1 tCoLTON, Franklin B. | j^^ ^ ^j ^g^g tCoLTON, John J Mar. 25, 1870 CoLTON, Jr., Sabin W. .June 5, 1890 fCoLWELL, Charles R. .May 25, 1865 ♦CoLWELL, Stephen. . . .Jan. 8, 1863 tCoLWELL, S. R July 5,1865 47 7 The Union League of Philadelphia Date of Name. Admission. Combs, John F April 22, 1892 *CoMEGYS, B. B Mar. 16, 1863 *CoMLY, F. A Jan. 8, 1863 *CoMLY, Seth I Feb. 11,1864 fCoNARD, Calvin Dec. 25, 1865 fCoNARROE, George M. .Jan. 15, 1863 fCoNARROB, George W. Feb. 17, 1863 CoNAWAY, John F May 24, 1897 fCoNGDON, Joseph A. .. .Feb. 28,1873 fCoNKLE, E. A Feb. 10, 1873 Connelly, Andrew C. .Sept. 12, 1899 Connelly, James A. ... Dec. 15,1897 fCoNNER, Edward E. . . .June 10, 1865 Conner, Philip S. P.. .May 8, 1863 fCoNOVER, A. M Mar. 2, 1863 *Conover, David F Mar. 19, 1880 fCoNOVER, Jr., Wm. p. . .Jan. 18, 1868 fCoNRAD, Charles Mar. 9, 1864 ♦Conrad, J. Hicks Feb. 15, 1884 fCoNRAD, William B.. . .Feb. 22,1872 Conrad, W. H Feb. 6,1885 fCoNROY, Edward April 18, 1864 Converse, Charles A.Feb. 13, 1896 Converse, John H. . . .May 26, 1870 tCoOK, Edward M May 6,1868 Cook, George W. C. . .May 15, 1896 Cook, Joel Jan. 18, 1890 tCooK, Leandro C Jan. 18, 1873 *CooK, Robert May 22, 1865 tCooK, R. J Nov. 12, 1884 fCooK, Samuel C Feb. 22,1863 fCooK, William C Sept. 12, 1868 Cook, W. H Feb. 17, 1882 tCooKE,jAY Jan. 8,1863 .„ T T. I Sept. IS, 1866 JCooke,Jr.,Jay ^j^^^ ^^;^8^^ Cooke, 3D, Jay April 16, 1896 fCooMBS, R. Duncan. . .Jan, 14, 187 1 Cooper, Isaac Dec. 7, 1888 tCooPER, Isaac June 10, 1865 fCooPER, J. Maslin. . . .Feb. 22, 1864 Cooper, Thomas May 11, 1892 Cooper, Thomas V.. . .Nov. 15, 1888 Cooper, Walter I Nov. 12, 1897 *Cooper, Wm. D Mar. 3,1863 tCooPER, Wm. M April 25, 1863 tCoPB, Edwin R Feb. 2,1863 tCoPB, Henry {^1 'VZ^ *CoPE, John E Feb. 28, 1863 fCoRBiN, Charles F. . . .Feb. 25, 1865 tCoRBIN, E. A Aug. 3, 1881 478 Name. Date of Admission. tCoRBiN, George S Feb. 4 fCoRINTH, W. B Aug, 13 ♦Corlies, S. Fisher. . . .Feb. 26 ♦Cornelius, Chas. E. . . .April 3 fCoRNELius, John C. . . .Mar. 30 fCoRNELius, Robert ... Mar. 17 fCoRNELius, Robert C. .Mar. 17 Cornish, Thomas E. . . . Sept. 24 tCoRSON, Robert R..{|^^^^^^° CouGHLiN, George C. .May 9 CouLSTON, J. Warren. Mar. 16 CouLSTON, Jr., J. War- ren Dec. 27 *CousTY, Joshua H May 11 fCowAN, Richard Feb. 23 fCowELL, Joseph M. . , ,Feb. 10 fCoWPERTHWAIT, JoSEPH B Feb. II tCowTON, Arthur April 9 fCowTON, Clarence, ,, Jan, 31 *Cox, H, F Jan. 2 Cox, Jr,, Justice Jan, 25 Cox, Robert M Aug, 27 fCox, William Jan, 26 fCoxB, Charles H April i fCoxB, Ferdinand Jan, 14 tCoxE, Robert D,...{>^^ J fCoxB, Whitwell W. . .Feb. 14 fCoxB, W. E. C Nov. 30, CoYLB, RoBT. M Feb. 15 Cragin,Chas.I....{^,-|^7 Craig, George F Jan. 24 ♦Craigb, Charles H. . . .Nov. 24 Cram, Ambrose L Oct. 26 fCRAMP, Andrew D June 7 Cramp, Charles H. ...May 31 Cramp, Edwin S June 16 ♦Cramp, Henry W May 18 ♦Cramp, Jacob C Dec. 10 Cramp, Norman W. . . . Dec. 9 Cramp, Samuel H Dec. 10 Cramp, Theodore . . . .April 24 fCRAMP, Theodore W. . . Dec. 7 Cramp, Walter S Mar. 15 ♦Cramp, William June i Cramp, William M. . . .Feb. 20^ Crane, Theron I April 30 Craven, John J. R Dec. 10 Crawford, Benjamin F.Dec. 31 1880 1863 1863 1863 1863 1863 1880 1864 1883 1898 1871 1892 1865 1865 1863 1863 1866 1873 1886 1873 1897 1863 1870 1863 1871 1883 1879 1888 1896 1869 1886 1890 1870 1866 1881 1863 1896 1878 1879 1893 1879 1882 1883 1890 1863 1864 1898 1891 1898 The Officers mid Members Date of Admission. Date of Admission. ICrawford, John Dec. lo, ICrawford, S. W Aug. 14, *Creighton, J. McC....May 12, *Cresson, Emlen I ^"^- J ^' tCRESsoN, John C Oct. 31, ICresson, Wm. Henry. Jan. 31, ♦Cresson, Wm. P Jan. 28, Creswell, David S. . .Dec. 12, *Creswell, Jr.,Sam'l J. April 8, Crew, J. Lewis Jan. 19, *Crissy, James Mar. 16, tCROASDALE, B. R Feb. 8, Croft, Frank PENROSEFeb. 14, Croft, Samuel April 12, *Croll, Martin J May 16, f ]Mar tCROMELiEN, Alfred. ■! p^^' fCROMELiEN, Isidore. . .Mar. Croskey, Henry Mar. Croskey, John W Jan. Crosman, George H. . .Jan. ■Crosman, J. Heron. . .Nov. 17, Cross, Charles I April 17, tCROSs, Michael H. . . | g^p^ ^^j ICrossman, George H. .June 10, Crothers, Stevenson .Jan. 18, fCROTHERS, Wm. S Feb. 19, Crow, Jr., Alexander. Dec. 15, Cro WELL, George G. .. Oct. 12, tCROwELL, Wm. G July 10, fCROucH, Robert B July 13, Croxton, John G Jan. 12 Crozer, John P Feb - - Crozer, Samuel a Jan. *Crozer, Jr., Samuel A.Dec *Crump, George R Dec. 12 *Crump, John Sept. 9, Cryer, M.D., Matthew H Jan. 26 fCuLiN, John Feb. 25 fCuLiN, W. K April 14 Cuming, John K Oct. 25 tCuMMiNGS, Alexander June 27 *Cummings, A. Boyd. . .Feb. 9 tCuMMiNGS, William . . . May 2 *CuMMiNS, Daniel B.. . .Feb. 6 Cunningham, M. C April 23 *CuRBY, John S June 27 Curtis, Cyrus H. K.. .May 5 Curtis, F. Wm Mar. 22 1883 1865 1882 1873 1879 1864 1871 1863 1884 1873 1882 1863 1870 1896 1888 1865 1864 1880 1880 1863 1882 1863 1873 1866 1865 1882 1869 1892 1863 1880 1887 1863 1865 IO| 16, 27. i8go 1886 1885 1865 189s 1869 1892 1884 1863 1863 1865 1863 1892 1863 1890 1893 tCuRTis, Jr., John H. . . .Dec. 1,1863 fCuRTis, L. ScoviLLB. . .Jan. 22, 1868 tCusHMAN, Robert W. .May 6, 1864 *CuTHBERT, George. . . .July 22, 1870 Daland, M.D., Judson . Dale, Henry Dale, John M fDALEY, James JDallam, D. E Dallett, Alfred M, . Dallett, Michael. . . Dallett, Morris. . . . *Dallett, Thomas. . . . fDANDo, Joseph C Dando, Thomas S. . . . fDANiELS, Samuel. . . < Darby, M.D., Edwin T. JDarley, Francis T. S. , IDarling, E. P ♦Darling, J. Vaughan . Darlington, Herbert Seymour Darlington, Jared. . . JDarlington, Joseph G, Darlington, S. P Darlington, Wayne. . *Darrah, John C Darrow, Marcus H. . . *Davenport, E. L *Davids, Hugh tDAviDSON, Wm. M *Davies, Charles E. . . . fDAViES, Peter A fDAvis, Arthur G ■J-Davis, M.D., Charles. . Davis, Charles Gib- bons Davis, Charles H Davis, Charles W. . . . fDAvis, Edward M *Davis, Jr., Edward M. fDAVis, Elisha W. . . . j tDAVis, Ellwood Davis, Ernest H Davis, G. Harry *Davis, Henry *Davis, Henry C { Sept. 10 Feb. 25 Dec. 22 April 10 Jan. 25 Oct. 14 Dec. 12 Mar. 30 Jan. 5 Sept. 6 Feb. 17 Dec, 3 Jan. 13 Dec. 30 Jan. 16 June 21 Dec. 24 May 12 Jan. 18 Dec. 8 Nov. 16 April 12 Dec. 20 Mar. 27 Aug. 14^ Jan. 17 May 18 Aug. 21 April IS Sept. 18 Jan. 27 Jan. 22 July 8 April 16 Feb. II Feb. 24: May 27 Dec. 20 Jan. 12 Feb. II June 10 Jan. 21 May 26 Oct. 8 1900 1886 1893 1867 1873 1892 1876 1899 1871 1882 1882 1864 1880 189s 1873 1865 1897 1900 1883 1884 1871 1863 1865 1863 1865 1865 1863 1897 1896 1873 1873 1865 1879 1863 1892 1891 1863 1865 1868 479 The Union League of Philadelphia Name. Date of Admission. Name. Date of Admission. Davis Davis JDavis, Davis fDAVIS Davis Davis Davis fDAVIS *Davis Davis fDAVIS Davis fDAVIS fDAVIS Davis fDAVIS *Davis TON ♦Davis fDAVIS fDAVIS, Davis fDAVIS fDAVIS fDAVIS Davis Henry J Sept. Jr., H. J Dec. Henry L Dec. Henry T Feb. Henry W Jan. Howard A May Isaac R Oct. , Joel B Nov. , John July John C Feb. J. CoRBiT Feb. , Jr., John G Jan. John H Feb. Lemuel H April , M. A Sept. Nathan H Jan. O. Wilson Mar. Robert Coul- June Robert D July Robert S Dec. , Samuel H Oct. Thomas C Feb. Thomas W Oct. William Nov. Wm. Morris. . .Feb. Wm. J Mar. f Davison, Alex. Y Oct. f Davison, James S Oct. *Dawson, Mordecai L. .Jan. Dawson, T. Russell. .Feb. f Deacon, Charles T. . .April Deans, John Sterling Mar. Dearnley, John H. . . . Mar. Deaver, M.D., John B..Dec. f De Brot, John Feb. DbCamp, A. J Oct. JDe Haven, Holstein . . Dec. De Kinder, Joseph J.. Sept. Delany, Charles June *De Long, Charles F. .June De Long, Frank E.. . .June fDELP, George Dec. *Denckla, a. H Mar. *Denckla, C. R Sept, f Dennis, W. L Feb. f Dennison, D. W Nov. ♦Derbyshire, Alexan- der J Jan. ♦Derbyshire, John. . . .Feb. f Derousse, Louis T. . . . Dec. f De Silver, Frank H. . . Oct. 19, 1866 12, 1892 22, 1882 12, 1898 20, 1868 19, 1896 12, 189s 13, 1890 5. i86S 17, 1863 17, 1898 5. 1872 16, 1867 22, 1865 5. 1872 I, 1885 6. 1863 19, 1865 10, 1867 22, 1880 IS, 1867 15, 1892 IS, 1863 18, 1872 7. 1863 14, 1892 18, 1880 23, 1880 29, 1863 10, 1863 .16, 1868 1897 15, 1899 15. 1897 25. 1863 13, 1888 9, 1872 16, 1898 12, 1886 20, 1899 10, 1897 12, 1871 4, 1863 IS, 1870 23, 1863 28, 1864 12, 1863 27, 1863 4, 1884 17, 1884 Detmold, Wm. L Oct. 16 fDEVEREUx, Alfred. . .Jan. 16 Dick, Evans R Jan. 15 fDicK, Franklin A Jan. 25 Dick, W. A Feb. 12 f Dickey, John M Feb f Dickey, J. M. C. IS .Feb. IS ♦Dickey, O. J Oct. 16 ♦Dickey, M.D., Samuel J.May 18 fDicKiNSON, Joseph R. .Feb. 9 f Dickinson, Mahlon H. Feb. 23 ♦Dickson, D. W Jan. 16 fDicKSON, James New- ton May 17 f Dickson, John B April 10 ♦Dickson, Levi Feb. 14, ♦Dickson, Jr., Levi. . . .May 18 ♦Dickson, L. Taylor. . .May 17 fDiEHL, Charles F May 18 fDiEHL, John H Feb. 14 DiEHL, Thomas Mar. 6 fDiEHL, Wm. Edward. .Jan. 30 f DiLLARD, Henry K. . . . Oct. 19 fDiLWORTH, P. Albert. May 17 fDiLwoRTH, John S May 5 fDiMPFEL, F. P Mar. 16 Dingee, Albert H....Dec. s DiNGEE, Charles Sept. 27 f Dingee, F. A April 4 Dingee, Henry C July i •{ f Dingee, James E. . . . -^ q^^ Dingee, J. H Feb. 13 Dissel, Charles Feb. 12 DissTON, Frank Nov. 15 ♦DissTON, Hamilton. I '^^\ 3° I April 12 DissTON, Henry Dec. 21 DissTON, Henry C Feb. 15 ♦Disston, Horace C. .. .Dec. 10 DissTON, Jacob S May 22 Disston, Samuel April 23 Disston, William .... May 20 DivEN, George M Nov. 21 Diver, Walter L Sept. 18 Divine, Clement M. .. .Mar. 26 f Divine, D. George. . . .Aug. 29 f Divine, John G Aug. 19 ♦Divine, William Feb. 23 f Divine, Jr., William. .Oct. 26 fDlXEY, t. B. P Oct. 14 f Dixon, Charles A Feb. i 480 i88s 1865 1897 1873 1896 1867 1867 1868 1864 1891 1864 1883 1865 1867 1870 186s 1869 1865 1863 1890 1883 1865 1865 1871 1863 1888 1888 1884 1892 1864 1872 1890 1892 1900 1868 1879 1897 1896 1879 1890 1881 1882 1888 1894 1900 1865 i86s 1863 1866 1867 1873 The Officers and Members Date of Name. Admission. Dixon, Edwin S Feb. 15 fDixoN, Franklin M. . .May 26 Dixon, Henry P Dec. 13 DoAK, Jr., James Mar. 15 DoAN, Horace A June 12 Dobbins, Edward T. . .April 26 Dobbins, MuRRELL. .. .Feb. 9 tDoBBiNS, Richard J.. .Feb. 23 Dobson, James Nov. 25 Dock, Herman Sept. 16 tDocK, Luther May 17 tDoDGE, A. G. P April 13 tDoDGE, James M Dec. 3 Dodge, James M Feb. 16 DoDSON, C. Miner Mar. 9 JDOLAN, Thomas { April 16, DoLSON, John W Jan. 3 ♦DoNAGAN, Richard. . .Feb. 10 Donaldson, H. F April 16 Donaldson, Jacob N. .May 2 Donaldson, John Oct. 12 •fDoNALDSON, Samuel T. April 11 T-, -nr -cv f Oct. 10 Donaldson, W. F. . . >. q^^ ^ JDonaldson, Wm. J.. . .Oct. 15 DoNNELL, James J Mar. 20 Donohugh, Wm. J Sept. 20 DORLAND, M.D., W. A. Newman Feb. 1 2 fDoRNAN, John April 17 DoRNAN, Robert Dec. 11 Dornan, T. Benton . . . Nov. 19 tDoRR, B. Dalton. . . I l^^j! j^ JDoRRANCE, Arthur. . .April 14 Dorrance, Geo. M. . . .Dec. 6 tDouGHERTY, Daniel . .Jan. 17 J.TN T f Mar. 13 ♦Dougherty, James. . i p^^ ^r Douglas, Edward v.. .Mar. 15 Douglas, Walter Pearce Mar. 15 fDouGLASS, Archibald. Mar. 15 Douglass, J. Walter. Mar. 5 Dowdell, Augustus. .Oct. 24 Downing, Charles G. .June 21 Downing, F. T Dec. 12 Downing, Richard H. .Feb. 28 JDowning, R. W Dec. 12 tDowNiNG, Jr., R. W. . .Dec. 10 JDowNiNG, W. C May 13 31 Date of Admission. 1872 186s 1886 1865 1898 1863 1880 1899 1874 1870 1890 1898 1893 1863 1879 1896 1870 1885 1865 1868 1871 1868 1879 1884 1901 1880 1868 i885 1895 1868 1871 1882 1887 1863 1863 1878 1900 1900 1870 1896 1892 1890 1885 1863 1881 1885 1881 Name. tDowNS, Charles Mar. 16 *Doyle, James B Jan. 19 Doyle, Walter J Sept. 4 *Drake, Thomas Jan. 30 Dreer, Edwin Greble Mar. 12 Dreer, Ferdinand J.. .Jan. 8 Dreer, Fred'k Alex- ander May II *Dreer, Henry A Feb. 20 JDreer, Wm. F Feb. i JDreka, Louis Jan. 27 *Drexel, Anthony J. \ -a^ ^ fDROPSiE, Moses A July 11 tDROuiN, Edward. . . -f it^' ^3 (. J«-n. 12 fDROWN, Wm. a Feb. 23 JDrown, Jr., Wm. A. . . .Jan. 10 Drysdale, W. a July n *D- Barry, J.N {^^^ tDu BoucHET, Charles A Sept. 16 Dudley, m.d., Charles B Mar. 13 Dudley, Edward Nov. 14 ♦Dudley, Thomas H. .. .Oct. 31 DuER, M.D., Edward L. .June 14 fDuFF, Alfred H Sept. 25 iT^ XT A f Feb. I tDUHRING, H. A Ij^^g ^j fDuMMiG, Charles Mar. 4 Duncan, Jacob M. . . |J^^; l\ *DuNCAN, Wm. T. H. . . .Mar. 11 *Dundas, James Mar. 30 Dundore, Charles R. .Mar. 19 Dundore, Franklin I J^JJ*^ ^S Dundore, Jr., Frank- lin April 23 fDuNDORE, Nathan. . . .Jan. 22 *DuNLAP, James Mar. 5 *DuNLAP, Thomas April 16 fDuNLAP, William April 1 7 tD--.C.C {f--^ tDuNN,jR.,C.C {N0V.X3 *DupuY, Bernard S. . | ^^^^ ^^ fDuRAND, Alfred B.. . .Sept. 30 1872 1876 igoo 1863 1896 1863 1899 1863 1876 1866 1863 1879 1865 1872 1883 1863 1867 1896 1865 1877 1865 1896 1888 1888 1897 1872 1867 1883 1863 1865 1889 1864 1863 1892 1868 1879 1896 1873 1864 1863 1865 1872 1874 1872 1880 1866 1879 1864 The Union League of Philadelphia Date of Name. Admission. tDuRANT, Frederick C. Dec. 15,1885 Durban, Edw. J Jan. 16, 1897 *DuTiLH, Charles April 20, 1863 tDuTTON, Samuel Nov. 17, 1865 JDuTTON, W. D Feb. 16, 1869 fDuTTON, W. H Dec. 5, 1866 I^-. Charles A {X^^^A\ DwiGHT, Edmund P. . . .Aug. 7, 1896 *DwiGHT, Thomas Brad- ford May 13, 1865 IDyer, M.D., E July 18, 1863 JDyer, John Dec. 13, 1866 JDykeman, George R. .Oct. 12, 1866 Earle, Edgar W Jan. 30, 1865 fEARLE, George H Nov. 16, 1863 t Earle, James M Jan. 30, 1865 JEarle, James S Jan. 8, 1863 IEarley, Barnet April 12, 1870 IEarp, Theodore Mar. 27, 1863 *Earp, Jr., Thomas. . . .May 26, 1865 fEARP, William Sept. 18, 1869 JEasby, John H Feb. 13, 1874 IEastman, Seth April 14, 1865 JEastwick, Andrew M. June 23, 1865 *Eberle, W. H Feb. 13,1897 *Eckert, George B. . . .May 15, 1895 *EcKERT, George N. . . .Nov. 26, 1863 fEcKERT, Henry S Oct. 26, 1866 Eckert, Hunter June 15, 1897 *Eckert, Isaac June 25, 1868 Eckert, Isaac June 22, 1897 Eckert, Samuel Feb. 3, 1899 fEoDY, George W Jan. 20, 1873 JEdmonds, John Feb. 17, 1892 Edmunds, Chas. WELSHjan. 9, 1901 Edwards, Edward B..Aug. 8, 1863 tEowARDS, Henry B. . . .Mar. 30, 1863 ♦Edwards, Henry W. . .Jan. 20, 1873 tEowARDS, Thompson F.May 4, 1870 Ehret, Alvin M Sept. 13, 1897 Ehret, Henry S Mar. 17, 1896 Ehret, Jr., M Oct. 10, 1889 tEiSENBREY, Edwin T. .July 13, 1865 *Eisenbrey, Jr., John. .Mar. 11, 1863 tEiSENBREY, W. Harri- son June 14, 1865 tELKiNS, George W. . . .Oct. 7, 1865 Elkins, George W. . . .Oct. 10, 1889 JElkins, Wm. L July 21, 1880 482 Name, Date of Admission. Elkins, Jr., Wm. L. . . .Nov. 12 IElliot, W. B Jan. 20 *Elliott, a. G May i fELLIOTT, AdOLPHUS W. Oct. 21 *Elliott, Adolphus W. Jan. 14 fELLIOTT, Frederick J. .Jtme 17 fELLIOTT, James H Sept. 18 ♦Elliott, S. M Sept. 17 fELLIOTT, William Feb. 16 ♦Elliott, William Mar. 11 ♦Elliott, William Jan. 14 ♦Elliott, Jr., William. Jan. 16 Elliott, William D. . .Dec. 12 JElliott, William J. . . . Feb. 20 Elliott, William T. . .Sept. 22 f Ellis, Charles J Oct. 17 f Ellis, Joseph D June 10 f Ellis, Rudulph April 29 f Ellis, Samuel S Dec. 17 ♦Ellis, Thomas S Jan. 9 f Ellis, Wm. R Oct. 31 fELLisoN, Eugene L. .. .May 16 Ellison, Henry H. . . .Oct. 19 Ellison, Rodman B...May 11 Ellison, William P. ..May 11 JEllison, William R. . .Oct. 19 JEllmaker, Peter C. .. Dec. 11 ♦Elmslie, William .... Feb. 9 Elverson, Jr., James . .April 29 ♦Elwell, Joseph S Dec. 20 Elwell, William P.. .Dec. 8 fELWYN, M.D., Alfred L Mar. 5 ♦Ely, John Aug. 12 ♦Emerson, m.d., Gou- verneur Feb. 16 Emery, Jr., Lewis. . . .May 9 Emery, William Oct. 30 fENGARD, Joseph Feb. 13 Engle, Frederick. . . .May 23 English, Abraham L. .May 6 ■(■English, Alfred Nov. 27 TEnglish, Frederick W Aug. 1 ♦English, Gustavus . . . Feb. 13 f English, John W Mar. 14^ •Eno, George A June 13 fENOS, Don Carlos. .. .May i ♦Eppelsheimer, An- drew Feb. 23 fERBEN, Henry Feb. 15 Erben, Louis D Dec. 8 1897 1869 1896 1870 1878 1871 1888 1880 1863 1863 1878 1892 1864 1865 1865 1886 1863 1864 1882 1880 1865 1865 1880 1865 1863 1892 1883 1887 1863 1865 1863 1881 1891 1868 1892 1897 1865 1888 1863 1883 1871 1865 1871 1872 1883 The Officers and Members Name. Erben, Walter *Erety, George fERRICKSON, M fERRINGER, Jr., J. R. . . . *Ervien, Robert fERviN, Alexander. . . . IErvin, Jr., Alexander IErvin, Spencer *Erwin, J. Warner. . -j *Esherick, Frank K. . . fEsHERicK, George. . . . EsHLEMAN, B. Frank. . ESREY, C. S ESREY, W. H fEssiG, Charles J EsTE, Charles IEtting, Horatio Evans, Charles. ■ ■ -X David fEvANS, Evans, Dorrance. *EvANS, Franklin Evans, George B Evans, G. Gerald. . . . fEvANS, George O fEvANS, George O tEvANS, Howard JEvANS, James fEvANS, Nelson F Evans, Jr., Samuel W. fEvANS, Theodore fEvANS, Thomas W *EVANS, Wm. B Evens, Whitton fEvERETT, Horace Everhart, John F. . . . EvERLY, Adam -j Ewing, Daniel S tEwiNG, Robert tEwiNG, Wm. C fEYSTER, George Eyster, George S •j-Eyster, j. Allison . . . . tFABER, E. A IFagan, John *Fagan, Maurice E... *Fahnestock, G. W. . . Date OF Admission. Mar. 14 1896 an. 10 1S6.S Feb. 2 1863 an. S 1882 Feb. 25 1863 June 17 1872 Sept. z.S 1865 Jan. 10 1880 Feb. 27 1865 May- 9 1883 Jan. II 1S83 Aug. 20 1872 Nov. ^0 1888 June 2 i8q7 June 2Q i8q7 Oct. 12 1866 Tulv I'^ 1807 Oct. 12 1866 Oct. 7 1868 Nov. IS 1888 Jan. 2.^ 1864 April 10 1872 Dec. 12 1881 April May II 1864 14 1898 June 14 1899 Jan. 22 1863 July .^ 1865 April 26 1882 Nov. 6 1866 Oct. 26 1868 Mar. P 1898 . uly 10 1884 Feb. 10 1863 Nov. 2S 1871 Dec. 14 1891 Ian. 12 1863 Feb. 16 1894 Dec. Q 1872 Nov. ^ 1884 Feb. 21 1866 June 21 1863 April 28 186s Mar. 20 1870 Dec. 2'; 1882 April 23 1892 May 7 1870 luly 10 i8b3 Oct. i« 1866 Jan. 12 1864 Date of Admission. Name. IFahnestock, Harris C.Sept. i Fahnestock, Jr., James F Feb. 15 Fairbanks, E. Hay- ward June 5 Faires, Benjamin M. . .Dec. 12 Faires, Theodore W. .Oct. 16 fFAiRMAN, George W.. . Dec. 6 ■J-Fairman, R. H. B Jan. 17 *Fales, Lewis R July i *Fales, Samuel B Feb. 25 tFALLON, John Mar. 16 IFareira, John Oct. 30 Farnham, Alexander. April 3 IFarnham, Benjamin A.June 3 fFARNHAM, Edwin. . . j j^J ^^ fFARNUM, Henry June 15 *Farnum. John June 14 *Farnum, j. Edward. . .Aug. 19 Farr, Jr., George W. .May 12 fFARR, James M Mar. 9 JFarr, John July 26 Farr, Wm. H Feb. 6 Farr, Wm. M Mar. 5 *Farrell, G. j. K Jan. 17 *Farrell, Wm. E Dec. 14 tFARREN, B.N Mar. 12 fFASSiTT, Francis T. . . . Oct. 10 T, TT 1 Mar. 14 Fassitt, Horace.... I j^j^y 11 Faught, M.D., G.Gran- ville Aug. 25 Faussett, H. S Jan. 15 Fearon, Charles Nov. 10 Fearon, Wm. F June 10 {Febiger, Christian C. .Dec. 15 Fell, Albert D May 22 Fell, E. Laurence . . .June 5 tFELL, Franklin Jan. 22 Fell, Henry April 12 tFELL, Henry L Mar. 30 *Fell, j. Gillingham. .Jan. 22 *Fell, j. R Mar. 10 *Fell, Morris L Jan. 23 *Fell, Penrose Jan. 13 Fell, Robert Gratz. .Jan. 14 *Felsenheld, D. ......Jan. 16 fFELTON, Franklin El- liot Feb. 17 tPELTON, S. M Jan. 10 JFeltus, Henry J June 22 865 900 872 873 865 863 863 863 898 863 866 870 86 ■; 865 863 865 863 865 895 864 873 867 879 867 872 897 897 870 872 896 863 889 865 863 883 873 870 901 1863 1863 1865 483 The Union League of Philadelphia Name. Date of Admission. . Dec. 7 . April 9 .Jan. 19 IFeltus, Roswbll G. . .July 23 JFenimore, Edward L. Jan. 13 Fenimore, Francis. . .Jan. 23 tFENNELL, Wm Feb. 25 IFenton, Hector T. . . .Mar. 15 Feraille, F. Stephen. Mar. 16 fFERGUsoN, Alexander C Oct. 20 Ferguson, m.d., Geo. M Mar. 2 Ferguson, George S. .Mar. 25 ♦Ferguson, James M.. .Feb. 19 Ferguson, Joseph C. . . May 8 Ferguson, Jr., WaltonNov. 13 fFERRiERE, James L. . . . Nov. 10 IFerris, Edward June 15 *Ferris, Edward B.... April 9 Ferris, Thomas M. ~ Field, Jr., Charles Field, 3D, Charles ♦Field, Charles J Mar. 18 tFiELD, Frank Jan. 11 ♦Field, Henry S Mar. 20 Field, James Sept. 17 {Field, John April 6 tFiELD, John W Jan. 13 JFiELD, Paul J April 2 tFiELD, Thomas Y Mar. 16 tFiERO, C. Bernard. . . .July 24 JFiGUEiRA, F. J Jan. 10 Filbert, m.d., L. S Jan. 14 Filbert, Richard Y. . .Mar. 15 FiLLEY, James A Mar. 5 Finckle, M. L May 28 FiNLETTER, Thomas D. April 13 fFlNLETTER, Thomas K. Oct. 9 *FioT, J. R Sept. 15 Firth, Frank J June 10 fFisHER, Coleman April 18 JFiSHER, Ellicott May 11 §FiSHER, Harvey Dec. 30 fFiSHER, Henry A Aug. 22 tFiSHER, Jabez B Aug. 30 JFiSHER, James C Sept. 26 ♦Fisher, Jr., James C. . . April ig tFiSHER, Samuel F May 22 ♦Fisher, T. Wharton. .Aug. 8 Fisher, Wm. RiGHTER.Feb. 9 Fiske, Edward R June 10 fFisKE, Louis S Feb. 17 FisKE, Louis S Feb. 12 fFiss, George W June 19 1866 1870 1892 1863 1871 1872 1866 1899 1882 1872 1890 1897 1870 1865 1884 1883 1890 igoo 1864 1864 1863 1889 1882 1863 1864 1866 1899 1863 1882 1894 1892 1896 1899 1865 1870 1897 1865 1865 1872 1866 1865 1864 1871 1863 1863 1891 1897 1882 1896 1865 Date of Name. Admission. Fiss, George W | p^^' i[° ♦FiTLER, Alfred Feb. 25 ♦Fitler, Edwin H Feb. 1 7 ♦FiTLER, Jr., Edwin H. .Oct. 28 Fitler, N. Myers April 12 JFiTLER, Wm. W Oct. 28 JFlTZGERALD, TH0MAS..July I3 fFlTZGERALD, WiLSON . . DeC. 24 Flagg, Jr., Stanley G. May 17 Flanagan, Charles / Nov. 12 L \ Dec. 23 ♦Flanagan, James M. . .Feb. 24 Flanagan, Louis A.. . .Mar. 23 ♦Flanagan, Stephen. .. Feb. 24 ♦Flanagan, Stephen D. Jan. 12 tFLANAGiN, James S. . . .Feb. 20 JFleisher, Benj. W. . . .Oct. 14 Fletcher, George A. .April 4 Fletcher, Robert B. .April ii fFLETCHER, W. S May 16 JFoBES, A. B July 8 FoERDERER, Edward . .June 6 Foerderer, Robert H.Sept. 13 Foering, John O Jan. 15 fFoGGINI, H. F Oct. II fFoLSOM, B. Frank. . . .Feb. 9 ♦FOLTZ, M.D., JONA-fJuly 14 than M \ Oct. 3 FoLWELL, N. T Dec. 9 ♦FoLWELL, Wm. H Mar. 15 Forbes, Murray Jan. 16 tFoRBES, M.D., Wm. S. . .June 10 Ford, Albert E April 18 ♦Ford, George W Feb. i fFoRD, Joseph T July 28 Ford, Leighton M. ...Jan. 13 fFoRD, Philip June 21 JFoRD, Samuel C July 18 fFoRNEY, James Sept. 11 JFoRNEY, John W Jan. 10 Forrest, H. C Feb. 13 Forsyth, Charles S. . .April 14 tFoRSYTH, Joseph W. ..Mar. 23 Foster, J. H June 15 fFosTER, F. B May 18 ■f-FosTER, H. L Nov. 20 tFOTTERALL, FrEd'k W.Oct. II ♦FoucH^, M.D., Wm. W. .June 27 tFouLKE, Charles M. j '^^/ 3° I Feb. 28 fFouLKE, J. Roberts . . . Nov. 20 1868 1879 1863 1863 1880 1900 1880 1863 1872 1892 1869 1882 1863 1882 1863 1872 1864 1892 189s 1900 1876 1870 1896 1897 1900 1871 1871 1864 1870 1895 1890 1897 1865 1883 1867 1864 1897 1865 1863 1868 1863 1896 1891 1866 1900 1883 1891 1867 1865 1879 1882 484 The Officers and Members Name. FouLKB, J. Roberts FOULKK, Wm. G. . . . tFowLER, T. Trevor. . . Fox, Alexander M. . , . Fox, Jr., Alex. M *Fox, A. T Fox, Caleb F JFox, Charles Y tFox, F. Morton Fox, Florence *Fox, George S tFox, Henry Clay fFox, Joseph M tFox, Samuel *Fox, Samuel M *Fox, Samuel T tFox, William L *Fox, William M *Frailey,James Madi- / son \ tFRALEY, Frederick... Francis, Harry C Francis, W. H Date of Admission. Name. Date of Admission. { *Franciscus, a. H *Franciscus, G. C. , tFRANKLiN, Benjamin. Franklin, d.d.s., Clin- ton Franklin, Robert L. . tFRANSSEN, E *Frazer, John F tFRAZER, PeRSIFOR. . . \ tFRAZER, Jr., Persi-? FOR \ tFRAZIER, M.D., ChAS. Harrison tFREAS, John A JFrease, Philip R tFREDERICK, M. L Freeborn, James tFREED, David A Freedley, Charles W. tFREEDLEY, J. K Freedley, W. G Freeman, E. Coleman. ♦Freeman, James A. . . . Freeman, Wm. Cole Mar. II Dec. 7 May I Mar. 30 April 16 Oct. 16 Mar. 21 Dec. 8, Dec. 16 May 30 Feb. 19 Sept. 17 Jan. 13 May 18 Jan. 3 Dec. 1 1 Jan. 13 July 3 Oct. 20 Mar. 12 Jan. 8 Feb. 21 Dec. 21 Mar. II Dec. 5 April 2 7 man ♦French, Clayton. . . French, Howard B. ■ Jan. Nov. 10 Feb. II Feb. 15 Jan. 10 Jan. 13 Aug. I Jan. II Oct. 1 9 Jan, 24 July 3 Jan. 17 Mar. 30 June 22 Nov. 13 Jan. 16 Feb. 22 Dec. 20 Feb. 13 .May II .Jan. 14 .Feb. 17 .Feb. II 1896 1891 1863 1863 1888 1866 1882 1887 1886 1894 1863 1868 1872 1863 1865 1889 1876 1863 1865 1870 1863 1890 1888 1863 1879 1863 1864 1892 1892 1871 1863 1863 1872 1866 1870 1898 1865 1863 1863 1865 1872 1890 1864 1897 1888 i86s tFRENCH, M.D., Morris S May 14 tFRENCH, S. H Feb. 18^ IFrench, William A.. .Feb. 11 Fretz, F. H April 15 JFrick, H. C Aug. 14 Frick, Wm. C Nov. 21 Friend, A. M Dec. 15 tFRiES, Aaron July 16 Fries, Aaron Dec. 6 Frishmuth, Benoni. . .May 4 *Frishmuth, Edward H.April 27 tFRisHMUTH, Frank B..Feb. 19 Frishmuth, F. B June 18 JFrishmuth, J. C. W. . . .May 12 IFritz, Horace Mar. 29 Fritz, 4Th, Peter Sept. 11 tFRiTz, Sparta Feb. 19 JFrothingham, Theo- dore Jan. 22 {Fry, Henry A Mar. 4 IFry, Horace B June 11 tFRY, John Oct. i *Fry, Joseph R Jan. 16 tFRY, Wm. H April 9 Fryer, F. Dewees. . . .July 11 *Fryer, J. C Feb, 28 ♦Fuller, Abbott U. . . .Sept. 28 tFuLLER, Frank July 18 Fuller, Jackson C. , . . Dec. 30 ♦Fuller, James W Oct. 24 tFuLTON, Wm. W June 2 Funk, Lawson C Mar. 10 Furbush, C. a Dec. 1 1 tFuRNEss, Charles El- iot May 12 tFuRNESS, Frank May 17 tFuRNESS, Horace H.. .Mar. 23 tFuRNESS, James T Feb. 20 FuRST, William S Sept. 15 1888 1873 1873 1892 1884 1888 1897 1863 1893 1870 1865 1872 1892 1871 187s 1897 1873 1863 1873 1863 1866 1863 1863 1896 1863 1866 1870 1872 1868 1865 1897 1884 1865 1865 1863 1863 1896 1S71 1873 tGALLAGHER, AnTHONY J Oct. 6, 1866 tGALLONEY, Charles A. Oct. 14, 1884 JGarber, J. LiNDLEY A, Dec, 5, 1883 ♦Garber, Samuel JonesNov. 16, 1863 tGARDEN, C. Henry, . . .July 3, 1865 {Garden, Wm, Morton. Mar. 19, 1867 {Gardiner, Jr., John.. Oct. 16, 1885 {Gardner, Jacob A Oct. 5, 1865 •J-Garner, Abram B Nov. 8, 1865 48s The Union League of Philadelphia Name. fGARRETSON, CoRNELIUS fGARRETT, George L. . . fGARRETT, Jesse Garrett, Jr., W. E. . . . fGARRiGUES, Charles F. Garrison, David R. . . , *Garrison, Walter G. Garsed, Henry E fGARSED, Richard. ... Garthwaite, James H. fGARTLEY, Samuel H. . . f Date of Admission. Name. Date of Admission. *Gaskill, Edwin A.. . fGASKiLL, Joseph W Gaskill, J. H Gatchel, H, a Gatchel, Joseph *Gates, Jabez -J Gates, James R Gates, Jay Gause, H.W fGAw, Alexander G. . . . JGazzam, Joseph M *Geary, John W Geary, John W Geddes, Jr., W. P fGEiGER, Andrew J. . . . fGEIGER, H -j GeissA, F. William. . . tGEissE, Henry A t Gemmill, Wm. D *Gemmill, Z *Gerhard, Benjamin. . IGerhard, John S *Gerhard, M.D., Wm. W. fGERLACH, William. . . . Gerry, Frederick R. . tGsssLER, Chas. W Getchell, m.d,, F. H. . fGETTY, Archibald. . . . fGETTY, Wm Getze, F. a fGHRisKEY, Charles M. *GiBBONS, Charles. . -j *Gibbons, Jr., / Charles \ GiBB, Joseph S *GiBBS, Aaron V GiBBS, W. W Sept. 14 , Nov. 2 1 . Mar. 3 • Aug. s April 12 .June 20 .May 30 .Jan. 23 . Mar. 1 1 Feb. 18 Dec. I Oct. 10 June 21 Mar. u(> June 28 July 20 July 1 1 Mar. II Sept. 30 May 10 Dec. 2 Oct. e: April 17 Nov. 14 Feb. 20 April 3 Dec. 21 Oct. 18 Feb. 16 Dec. 20 Mar. I Nov. 17 .Oct. 12 . Nov. 1 5 Jan. 8 , Oct. 7 July 5 Jan. IS • Nov. 15 • Mar. 27 . Dec. I . Mar. 9 • Aug. I .Feb. IS April 29 Jan. 8 April 1 7 Jan. 31 Jan. 13 May 20 July 5 Dec. 8 86s 866 871 874 873 868 877 871 863 8g6 86s 868 882 868 901 863 890 876 863 879 866 896 872 866 863 87s 866 866 863 868 86s 881 890 S73 879 863 86s 883 86s 863 882 87.3 880 896 865 890 *GiBSON, Charles M. . . . Mar. 5 tGiBSON, Henry C Mar. 5 *GiBSON, John Feb. 23 *GiBS0N, John Mar. s GiFFORD, C. H May 13 Gilbert, CM Dec. i Gilbert, Frederick B. June 4 ♦Gilbert, Samuel H. .. .Mar. 21 tGlLBOUGH, J. W Sept. 18 JGiLE, George W Aug. 28 Gill, Charles D May 11 Gill, Joseph C Feb. 13 *GiLL, Thomas R July 29 Gill, Wm. B May 26, *GiLL, Wm. H May 17: Giller, Charles F. . . .Nov. 29 fGiLLES, John P Feb. 23 Gillespie, Thomas L. .Feb. 14 Gillespie, William. . .Feb. 11 tGiLLETTE, James April 8 tGiLLETTE, John E Sept. i IGilliams, John F Feb. 20 fGiLLiAMS, M.D., James S Dec. 18^ GiLLiNDER, James Nov. i Gillingham, Aubrey H May 14, Gillingham, Charles. Dec. 7 Gillingham, Frank / July 2 C \ Dec. 10 fGlLLINGHAM, GeORGE . .Oct. 13 Gillingham, Joseph E. July ii ♦Gillingham, Joseph H. April 14 fGlLLINGHAM, RoBERT P April 2 GiLMORE, H. K Oct. 30 GiLMORE, John O June 23 IGiLPiN, Bernard Dec. 8 *GiLPiN, Charles Jan. 8 fGiLPiN, Jr., Charles. .Oct. 15 Gilpin, F. L Feb. 2 tGiLPiN, F. M jJ?"- '° I Feb. 15 fGiLPiN, George Jan. 12 JGiLPiN, Henry D Dec. 7 Gilpin, Hood Dec. 22 fGiLPiN, John F Jan. 9 Gilpin, Washington H Oct. IS tGiLROY, W. L July 14 fGLENDINNING, H. Percy Oct. 22 1863 1863 1863 1863 1897 1881 1890 1876 1863 1871 1899 1890 1891 1890 i86s 1893 i86s 1863 1863 1867 i86s 1880 1872 1882 1883 1893 1868 1896 1866 1865 i86s 1864 1900 1896 1879 1863 1864 1899 1872 1883 1863 1872 187s 1864 1864 1871 486 The Officers and Members Date of Name. Admission. *Glendinning, Jr., Rob- ert May 17, 1865 Glendinning, Robert E Mar. 18, 1890 Glenn, John A Feb. 23, 1892 fGoDDARD, P. F Sept. 14, 1870 JGoDEY, Harry July 6,1871 *GoDEY, Louis A Jan. 26, 1863 ♦Godfrey, B. G Jan. 21, 1863 fGoDFREY, Charles H.'.Dec. 10, 1879 Godfrey, Henry S. . . .June 16, 1896 JGodfrey, Lincoln. .. .Jan. 19,1875 tGoDLEY, Jesse Mar. 28, 1864 GoDSHALK, E. H April 2, 1885 tGoDwiN, F. A Mar. 17, 1863 *GoFF, Jacob W Jan. 12, 1863 *Goforth, John April 18, 1864 *GooDELL, Austin W. . .July 13, 1893 tGoODFELLOW, HeNRY . . Aug. 7, 1863 Goodman, E. H April 25, 1890 ♦Goodman, m.d., H. Earnest Feb. 21, 1867 Goodman, Joseph E. . .Feb. 13, 1892 Goodman, Jr., J. Er- nest Dec. 17, 1897 JGooDMAN, Samuel. . . .May 18, 1865 ♦Goodrich, E. O May 26, 1869 ♦Goodrich, Hiram P, . . . Mar. 14, 1870 ♦Goodwin, Fred'k J. . . .June 16, 1865 Goodwin, William. . . .Nov. 15, 1900 ♦Goodwin, Wm. Wal- lace Nov. 16, 1872 tGoRDON, Fred'k W Feb. 28,1888 JGoRDON, George Aug. 19, 1865 JGoRDON, George C. . . .July 26, 1865 tGosHORN, A. F Nov. II, 1873 Gosling, Adolph Mar. 30, 1898 fGouLD, John E Jan. 20, 1863 GOVETT, A. R Oct. 10, 1868 ■fGRAEFF, Jr., Geo. W. . .April 24, 1869 ./^ T -c f Tune 21, 1865 tGRAEFF, John E | ^^^^ ^^ ^g^g Graff, Albert { ^^^ ^3, 1865 fGRAFF, Charles H Aug. 8,1863 ♦Graff, Frederick. . . .Jan. g, 1863 Graff, James T May 5, 1865 Graff, John F April 20, 1863 Graham, Charles H.. .Feb. 12,1890 tGRAHAM, Elwood H. . .May 15, 1865 {Graham, George S. ...Dec. 12, 1881 tGRAHAM, Henry R. . . .Dec 15, 1884 Date of Admission. Graham, Hugh April 13 ♦Graham, James \ -^t ' ^5 i_ J 3.n . I o ♦Graham, Theodore A. .April 18 tGRAHAM, Thomas May 7 Graham, William .... May 26 tGRAMBO, H Mar. 5 Grange, Alexander D April 14 Grange, C. E May 24 Grange, John W Mar. 15 tGRANGE, William G. . .Oct. 27 Grange, W. D May 13 ♦Granger, W. R April 2 1 tGRANT, Charles H. . . .Dec. 19 IGrant, D. Lewis Dec. 15 ♦Grant, Jr., Samuel. | ^^^- ^^ Grant, Wm. S Jan. 22 ♦Gratz, Edward Mar. 4 JGratz, H. S May 13 JGratz, Lewis C Oct. 12 ♦Gratz, Robert H Feb. 10 ♦Gratz, Walter April 23 Gray, Alexander J.. .Nov. 25 Gray, H. W Feb, 16 ♦Gray, Jerome B Nov. 5 Gray, Justus Feb. 12 Gray, Peter Feb. 17 ♦Gray, Robert Mar. 21 tGRAY, Robert E Jan, 14 IGray, Samuel W April 3 IGray, Wm. a June 2 Gray, Wm. J July 15 ♦Greble, Edwin Ja-n. 10 tGREEN, E. A July 28 tGREEN, E. F Sept. 16 ♦Green, Barton Jan. i tGREEN, Benton H July 12 ♦Green, Robert H.. . .Feb. 15 Green, Robert M Oct. 25 Greene, Charles S. . .Nov. 23 Greene, Stephen Nov. 5 Greer, IBenj. W Sept. 12 ♦Greer, Jr., Robert. . .Jan. 15 ♦Greer, William June 17 tGREGG, Henry L July 24 {Gregg, Jr., Isaac Nov. 17 ♦Gregg, Wm. L Mar. 4 ♦Gregory, E. M Feb. 1 1 Greiner,Jr.,RM...{>^^^^ 1872 1863 1877 1884 1870 1884 1873 1898 1886 1886 1871 1897 1890 1864 1882 1866 1881 1863 1863 1881 1882 1863 1886 1897 1863 1888 1897 1899 1865 1865 1863 1863 1897 1863 1868 1881 1864 1865 1867 1897 1881; 1880 1898 1866 1865 1868 1S66 1882 1870 1871 1881 487 The Union League of Philadelphia Name. Date of Admission, Date of Admission. Greiner, Wm. M.. . . ( ?^^- ^4 (Jan. II tGREINER, W. E J^ly 15 G-v,S.H {%% ^l Gribbel, John Nov. 10 fGRiCE, Samuel B Mar. 16 *Grier, M.D., M. J Mar. 15 fGRiFFiN, John Sept. 5 IGriFFITH, J. CLARKSON.April 7 Griffith, Warren G. .Mar. 17 fGRiM, Daniel K Sept. 14 IGrimshaw, a. H June 16, JGriscom, Clement A.. .Sept. 15 IGriscom, George May 29 JGrosholz, William. . .July 5 Gross, D. W Feb. 22 fGROss, George J Jan. 8 IGross, Henry S Oct. 26 JGross, M.D., Sam'l W. . .May 29 Gross, William C Dec. 4 ♦Grove, Conrad S April i JGrovb, Conrad S Sept. 19 ♦Grove, George W. . . .May 8 Grove, George W. . . . Dec. 10 I Feb. 16, *Grove, M.D., John H..July 5 fGROVES, Jr., Anthony. May 23 Groves, Edward A. . . . Feb. 10 §Grow, Galusha a Sept. 21 fGRUBB, A. Bates Feb. 23 fGRUBB, Charles B. . . .April 29 fGRUBB, Clement B. . . .April 17 *Grubb, Edward Burd. Feb. 18 *Grubb, Joseph C Jan. 16 Grubnau, Carl Feb. 12 JGrundy, Joseph R. . . .Jan. 7 *Grundy, Wm. H July s Gudknecht, Charles M April 3 Guenther, Emil April 4 fGUERNSEY, M.D., HeNRY N Feb. 20 tGuiLLOu, Victor May 12 fGuMBES, W. H Nov. 2 1 fGuMMERE, Barker. . . .June 2 fGuMMERB, Wm May 19 tGuMMEY, Henry R. . . .May 12 *GuMPERT, Albert Mar. 12 fGuMPERT, Gustav .... Oct. i8 GuMPERT, Richard T. .June -^ Grove, Henry S. . . . { i^-^" 1867 1881 1872 1866 1888 1897 1863 1894 1868 1863 1892 1866 1868 1866 1865 1865 1899 1863 1868 1865 1897 1863 1881 1865 1885 1870 1883 1897 1865 1897 1868 1863 1865 1865 1863 1863 1890 1888 1886 1896 1896 1865 1866 1871 1865 1865 1865 1892 1864 1897 *Gumpper, Jacob J Oct. 8, 1868 tGuTEKUNST, Fred'k. . .Dec. 20, 1870 Gwilliam, George T.. .Jtdy 20, 1901 fGwYN, James July 15, 1865 *Hacker, Charles fHACKER, J. Barclay. . *Hacker, Morris fHACKER, William P. . . ♦Haddock, Jr., Dan'l. . ♦Haddock, J. Albert.. ♦Haddock, Stanley B.. f Haedrich, H. G f Haehnlen, Jr., Lewis . f Haehnlen, T. D fHAFLEIGH, J. M ♦Hagedorn, C. F ♦Hagy, J. Milton f Haines, B. H f Haines, Charles E. . -J Haines, Howard L. . . . f Haines, James B Haines, Lindley Haines, Jr., Lindley. , Haines, Nathan {Haines, Wm. A Haines, Wm. S fHALDEMAN, JOHN Hale, H. Warren K. . . Hale, Henry S Hale, J. Warren fHALE, Thomas ♦Halfman, George.... ♦Hall, Augustus R. . . . fHALL, Edwin f Hall, George E Hall, George W Hall, Harry B fHALL, James M Hall, Walter F fHALL, Willis E Hall, Zachary T f Halliwell, Henry W. ♦Hallowell, Charles Hallowell, H. H.. . f Hallowell, Joshua L. f Hallowell, Morris L. f Hambleton, David M. Hamer, John W May 13 Oct. 15 Feb. 20 Oct. 10 Jan. 9 Jan. 7 Nov. 12 Feb. 4, Mar. 30 Jan. 1 1 May 18 Sept. II Nov. 15 April 14 Oct. 16 Dec. s July 17 Feb. 3 May II Jan. 18, Oct. 15 Feb. 20 Feb. 17: Jan. 3, Mar. 14 April 2b Sept. 13 Oct. 21 July 3: Nov. 24 July 6 Jan. 23 Feb. 16 Feb. 10 Sept. 25 Nov. 20 Feb. 18 Nov. 20 July I Feb. 22 Oct. 28 Jan. 17 July 12 April 29 Feb. 10 April 20 1869 1866 1863 1864 1863 189s 1891 1870 1872 1871 1865 1865 1872 1873 1877 1879 1888 1866 1870 1897 1897 1883 1899 1872 1901 1892 1897 1865 186s 1866 i86s 1872 1869 1897 187s 1889 1888 1889 1865 1865 1871 1896 1865 1863 1864 The Officers and Members Name. Date of Admission. Name. Date of Admission. George Jr., tHAMERSLEY, W tHAMERSLEY George W, tHAMERSLEY, Lewis R. \ Hamilton, Charles L. Hamilton, John tHAMM, William P ♦Hammet, B Hammett, Fred'k W. . . tHAMMETT, W. S IHammond, C Hampton, Jr., John W. tHANCE, Edward H. . . . JHance, Joseph C Hancock, Elisha A... tHANCOCK, S. C ♦Hancock, William P. M tHAND, Henry J *Hand, James C ♦Hand, Thomas C ♦Hand, Jr. , Thomas C. . . Handy, Charles ♦Handy, Henry Hanifen, John E Hanna, Alexander Y. tHANNA, John ♦Hanna, Oswald T Hanna, W. W tHANNis, Henry S Hannum, John B Hansell, a. W ♦Hansell, Barnett. . ■( tHANSELL, Morris ♦Hansell, William A. . tHANSELL, William F. . tHANSELL, William F. . Hansell, William W. . tHANSON, E. HtTNN tHANSON, Joseph B ♦Hanson, William W. . . tHARBERT, Charles. . . . IHarbert, Isaac D. . . . IHarding, Alexander tHARDiNG, George Harding, J. Horace.. tHARDWICKE, A. H. G. I Hare, Hobart A Sept. 20, 1865 April 14. Dec. 27 Feb. II Feb. 9 Mar. 12 Mar. 2 Jan. 27 May 22 April 5 Feb. 24 Nov. 25 April 7 May 14 Mar. 10 Mar. 17 Sept. 28 Dec. 28 Jan. 8 Feb. 12: Mar. 12 Jan. 14 Jan. 22 June 30 Jan. 31 Jan. 29; Oct. 19 Oct. 7 April 20 Jan. 14 Jan. 13 May 29 Dec. 15 .Aug. I . Oct. 2 .Mar. s • Jan. 13 .Dec 16 .Jan. 27 .July IS .May 13 .Mar. 12 .June 16 .May 26 .Feb. 18 Jan. 13 Dec. I Jan. 14 June 15 1873 187s 1879 1881 1897 1863 1863 1896 1892 1864 1891 1863 1863 1881 1883 1865 1872 1863 1863 1886 1892 1863 1883 1900 1863 1880 1893 1868 1899 1897 1863 1879 1866 1871 1863 1871 1882 1866 1863 186s 1868 1865 1870 1863 1897 1877 1879 1896 tHARE, J. I. Clark Jan. 17 ♦Harkness, Charles H. Feb. 13 tHARKNESs, Howard F. July 14 ♦Harkness, John H. . . .June 17 tHARKNESS, Norris W. .May 30 ♦Harley, Milton Aug. 25 tHARMAN, I. Henry. . . .Aug. 13 IHarmar, Wm April 14 IHarmer, Alfred C. . . .Sept. 18 IHarmer, James B June 21 ♦Harmer, James L Feb. 10 Harned, R. Fremont. Feb. 17 ♦Harper, Alexander J. June 2 tHARPBR,B.W {^^:^^\l Harper, Clarence L.. April 25 Harper, Esmond^. . . .Nov. 14 ♦Harper, Henry S Jan. 22 ♦Harper, James Oct. 10 tHARPER, James April 28 Harper, James Oct. 16 tHARPER, James H June 20 ♦Harper, James H Feb. 19 Harper, John B Feb. 14 ♦Harper, John M Feb. 18 JHarper, John M April 14 Harper, Thomas B. .. .Mar. 15 ♦Harper, Thomas S. . . .Nov. 23 tHARPER, T. Esmond^. .July 5 Harrah, Jr., Charles J Dec. 8 Harris, Frank S July 13 tHARRis, H. G Mar. 15 {Harris, J. Campbell ..Dec. 30 ♦Harris, Madison R. . . .April 15 tHARRis, Thomas Power April 30 tHARRis, Washington < tJ^ ^^ Harris, Wharton E.. .Mar. 19 tHARRis, William June 6 Harrison, Alfred C. .Feb. 13 ♦Harrison, George L. .Jan. 13 tHARRisoN, Jr., George L Jan. 28 Harrison, John Sept. i ♦Harrison, Joseph. .. .Sept. 22 tHARRisoN, M. Leib. . . .Dec 11 IHarrison, Samuel. . . .April 4 tHARRisoN, Theodore L Feb. 12 tHARRisoN, Thomas. .. .Mar. 6 Harrison, Thomas S. . . April 2 1 863 863 865 865 865 896 866 863 867 86s 870 896 86s 873 883 87s 863 865 893 86s 897 900 863 886 888 872 866 886 896 879 876 86s 892 865 872 888 865 890 863 873 865 863 872 86s 869 873 865 489 The Union League of Philadelphia Date of Name. Admission. tHARRisoN, Wm. H June i6 IHarrison, Wm. Henry Jan. 4 tHARRisoN, W. H April 7 IHart, Abraham May 2 fHART, Byerly Jan. 17 Hart, B. F Dec. 2 tHART, Clarence A. ...Jan. 13 Hart, E. Stanley Feb. 16 fHART, M.D., Harry C. -Jan. 23 Hart, Lane S Feb. 17 fHART, Norman L May 5 Hart, Jr., Thomas. . . .Jan. 17 Hart, Walter H Mar. 1 2 *Hart, Wm. B Jan. 9 *Hart, Wm. R Feb. 17 f Hartel, Andreas June 16 Hartley, R. M Oct. 22 *Hartmann, John I. ...April 6 *Hartranft, John F. . .April 14 Hartranft, Linn Nov. 17 fHARTRANFT, S. S Feb. I Hartshorne, Charles Jan. 30 fHARTSHORNE, M.D., Ed- WARD Feb. 9 fHARTSHORNE, M.D., Henry Feb. 28 Hartzell, M.D., M. B..June 15 Harvey, C. McD Mar. 13 Harvey, Eugene Mar. 16 Harvey, Robert R. . . . Dec. 17 Harvey, Wm. J Mar. 24 Harvey, Wm. SPENCE.Feb. 16 fHASBROucH, F June 12 Haseltine, Charles F. Sept. 19 fHASELTiNE, Frank. .. .Oct. 27 ♦Haseltine, John Jan. 9 f Haseltine, John W. . .Aug. 21 ♦Haseltine, Ward B. | Jf^- 9 (. Dec. 9 f Hassard, Peter J May 6 *Hasson, Frank P April 2 Hastings, Daniel H. . .Feb. 28^ ♦Hastings, Matthew. .April 28 Hastings, Washing- ton May 25 f Hastings, W. H June 16 Haupt, Herman May i Haupt, S. B Mar. 9 Haupt, Wm. K Dec. 2 1 f Haven, Chas. E April 2 Hawkins, Chas. S May 11 Hawley, Joseph W. . . .June 17 Date of Admission. 1865 1865 1890 1863 1868 187s 1876 1883 1873 1892 1865 1868 1898 1863 1870 1882 1897 1863 1873 1897 1882 1863 1863 1863 189s 1896 1883 1897 1888 1898 1870 1866 1864 1863 1865 1863 1879 1865 1892 1888 1864 1881 i8go 1896 1888 1892 1868 1899 Hawley, Warren A.. .May 15 ♦Haworth, Samuel. . . .May 7 fHAY, Andrew K Mar. 30 JHay, M.D., Thomas. .. .Dec. 17 *Hay, Wm July 27 Haydon, J. C Nov. 9 Hayes, Charles P June 8 f Hayes, M.D., Isaac J. . .Mar. 16 fHAZARD, Jr., Samuel. .May 18 f Hazard, S. H Aug. 5 *Hazblton, Jr., Wil- liam Mar. 17 fHAZELTON, 3D, Wil- liam Feb. 2 1 Hazen, George H Oct. 23 fHAZLEHURST, FRANCIS.Jan. I4 JHazlehurst, Isaac. . .April 13 fHAZLEHURST, James W. Mar. 28 f Headley, C. B Nov. 10 IHeald, Edwin W Mar. 19 IHeald, Joshua T Jan. 14 fHEAP, Gwynne H Aug. 18 ♦Heaton, Augustus . \ 'fc??" ^ fHEATON, Augustus G. .Jan. 11 Heaton, George W. ..Mar. 3 *Heaton, Samuel M.. . .Mar. 22 Hebard, Charles Jan. 17 f Heberton, George A. .Jan. 21 f Heckscher, a Sept. 20 *Heckscher, Charles A May 2 Heebner, Philip A.. . .Sept. 9 Heed, Charles E Dec. 12 fHEERMANN, M.D., Chas. July 16 ♦Heilbrun, S. M I ^f '4 ' I. Oct. 14 fHsiLMAN, Horace B.. .May 14 Heilner, Samuel Mar. 12 Heineman, John L. . . .Oct. 16 Heisler, Wm. H June 21 fHEizMANN, Theodore I Oct. 5 ♦Helfenstein, I. S. ...Dec. i fHELLiER, Henry R. ...Dec. 13 *Helme, Wm Feb. 11 Helme, Wm. E Feb. 13 fHELMUTH, George. . . .April 27 *Helmuth, Henry Jan. 12 fHELMUTH, Oliver Feb. 26 JHempstead, Wm. O. . . .Aug. 27 Hemsley, Fred'k June 22 1896 1881 1863 1880 1863 1880 1865 1864 1868 1865 1871 1882 1897 1869 1865 1863 187s 1881 1869 1865 1863 1883 1866 1883 1866 1899 1870 1884 1864 1897 i88i 1863 1872 1884 1868 1890 1897 1894 1869 1877 1865 1873 1890 1863 1863 1863 1886 1897 490 The Officers and Members Date of Name. Admission. Henderson, Francis. .June 21 Henderson, George.. May 25 tHENDERSON, Henry. . .May 23 Henderson, J. D. C. .. .Oct. 9 IHendrie, Daniel Jan. 19 *Hendry, Edwin A May 12 Henry, Chas.Wolcott Jan. 10 {Henry, Henry S Nov. 1 1 Henry, Louis B Feb. 15 tHsNRY, S. B Jtdy 6 *Hensel, Henry W. . . .July 2 tHENSZEY, A. Wilson.. May 25 t Henszey, Geo. C Dec. 4 IHenszey, Marshall. .Nov. 2 JHenszey, William P. .May 20 JHentz, J. Henry Jan. 25 JHentz, Jr., J. Henry. .Mar. 15 JHeRKNESS, B. LsANDEROct. lo IHerring, Charles P. .Dec. 22 tHERRMANN, Max Jan. 20 IHerst, Charles L Jan. 20 IHerst, Henry Jan. 20 tHERST. Philip { g^^ ^9 fHBRSTiNE, David W. . .Sept. 28 IHertzler, John Feb. 24 t Herzog, George Dec. 10 Hess, Frank May 16 Heston, H. B Nov. 18 Heston, Joseph T Feb. 18 Hetherington, A. G. . .Dec. 21 *Hetherington, Guy S. Jan. 22 Hetzell, George C. . .June i Heustis, Charles H. .Dec. 7 Hewes, Harry W June 2 Hewes, Wm. a Jan. 25 fHEWETT, Charles .... April 5 *Hewson, Henry N. . . .Feb. 25 fHEY, Emanuel Mar. 4 IHeyer, Wm. L Dec. 16 Heyl, Jacob E April 23 Heyl, Robert C Sept. 15 Heyl, Wm. E Dec. 21 {April 16 Sept. 14 June 4 fHicKMAN, John Mar. 30 JHicKOK, Henry C May 17 JHiESTAND, John A Oct. 16 HiGBEE, George H. . . .July 20 HiGHLEY, Frank M. . . .Feb. 13 Hildebrand, H. O Mar. 3 Date of Name. Admission. 899 fHiLDEBURN, Henry M. Mar. 2, 1863 899 fHiLDEBURN, Joseph H. April 27, 1865 865 JHiLGERT, Charles M. . .Jan. 30,1871 901 Hill, C. W Dec. 28, 1889 866 tHiLL, Francis C April 10, 1866 865 Hill, George H May 28, 1881 901 fHiLL, John L Aug. 29, 1867 881 *HiLL, Marshall Jan. 13, 1863 893 Hill, Oliver H Dec. 10,1885 868 Hill, Percival S Dec. 8,1886 863 tHiLL, R. H. C Dec. 23, 1879 866 tHiLL, Wm. B Feb. 27,1863 872 JHiLLARY, John S Oct. 17,1870 866 JHiLLiARD, E. A Oct. 9,1872 865 JHiLLiARD, Geo. B Aug. 13,1868 864 fHiLLiARD, Lewis F.... April 19, 1869 882 HiLLIER, AlONZO Nov. 19, 1881 868 fHiNCHMAN, Charles S. Mar. 17, 1866 866 fHiNCHMAN, Howard.. May 13,1865 873 fHiNCKLE, Charles F. .Feb. 4, 1873 873 JHiNCKLE, Peter A April 28, 1865 873 fHiNCKLB, William. . . .May 17, 1865 865 *Hinckley, Isaac Dec. 13,1871 872 fHiNE, Frank B Mar. 20, 1S72 864 fHiRONS, J. B. M Jan. 17,1883 863 HiRONS, Wm. F Feb. 15,1882 885 HiRSH, Alfred C Feb. 22, 1883 890 fHiTCHCocK, William 882 E Jan. 14, 1871 896 fHocK, M.D., Wm. R April 15, 1892 881 JHocKLEY, Jr., John. . .Oct. 18,1865 892 *HoDGE, M.D., Hugh 896 Lennox May 21, 1864 893 fHoDGES, Alexander 892 P Jan. 21, 1868 898 *Hoffman, Christian J. Feb. 11,1863 865 fHoFFMAN, E. F Dec. 11,1871 86^ *TT Tf o f Nov. IS, 1871 863 *H0FFMAN, F. S jj^^y l-t^^H 882 fHoFFMAN, George E. .Mar. 28, 1863 896 Hoffman, George F. . .Mar. 6,1901 885 Hoffman, J. Ogden. . .Mar. 12,1890 885 fHoFFMAN, John W Feb. 27,1869 863 Hoffman, Miles Atlee Oct. 11,1894 866 *Hoffman, M.D., W. At- 897 LEE April 16, 1868 863 fHoFMANN, J. W Aug. 19,1865 865 Hogg, J. Renwick. . . .April 4, 1895 868 *Hogg, Jr., William. . .Mar. 23, 1863 897 tHoLBROOKE, Stephen. Jan. 16, 1879 897 JHOLLINGSHEAD, FoR- 897 MAN P Feb. 1,1876 491 The Union League of Philadelphia Date of Name. Admission. tHoLLINGSHEAD, JoSEPH M Feb. 13, 1863 HOLLINGSWORTH, PeM- BERTON July 16 *H0LLINGSW0RTH, THO- MAS G Feb. 27 HOLLOWAY, AbNER B.. April 22 *HoLMAN, Wm. a Nov. 20 ♦Holmes, m.d., John. . .Sept. 14 tHoLMES, Samuel Feb. 17 t Holmes, William July 15 Holten, J. S. W July 16 HoLTEN, S. Pearce. . . July 15 *Homer, Benjamin. .. .Feb. 10 ♦Homer, Thomas July 20 Hooper, Robert P. . . .Jan. 15 HooPES, Abner May 24 *HooPES, Barton 15®^' ^ I. s€b. 12 tHooPES, Jr., Barton. .Oct. 31 fHoopES, Bernard A.. .April 9 HoopEs, Clement R. . .Dec. 10 HooPEs, Dawson Mar. 14 ♦HooPES, Edward April 16 HooPES, Herman April 12 tHoopES, Maris May 26 Hooven, J. Henry. . [ ^^^- " ■' I Feb. 13 Hope, James F Feb. 12 tHopE, John F Nov. 10 tHoPB, Thomas Dec. 4 ♦Hopkins, John S Feb. 14 ♦HoPKiNSON, M.D., Jos- eph Nov. 26 Hopper, Harry S Dec. 20 tHoppER, Wm Jan. 16 Hopper, Wm. G June 12 fHoppiN, Henry May 15 Horn, Austin S Sept. 25 tHoRN, Jr., John July 20 fHoRNE, Cyrus Sept. i ♦Horner, Robert April 21 JHoRNER, Jr., Samuel. . Dec, 10 fHoRSTMANN, F. O Feb. 1 1 ♦HORSTMANN, SiGMUND H Jan. 14 tHoRSTMANN, Walter. . Feb. 17 HoRSTMANN, Wm. H. { ^fP*' " I, Nov. 17 ♦HoRSTMANN, WiLLIAM J May 13, 1865 tHoRTER, Hiram Mar. 6, 1868 1897 1863 1890 189s 1866 1872 1865 1897 1897 1863 1865 1900 1888 1867 1885 1884 1864 1884 1894 1863 1889 1866 1866 1890 1890 1879 1884 1893 1863 1892 1863 1889 1863 1894 1866 1866 1882 1883 187s 1863 1883 1877 Date of Name, Admission. HORWITZ, M.D., Or- viLLB July 9, i8g6 fHosKiN, John Jan. i, 1890 ♦HosKiNS, Wm. H June 12, 1880 Hough, Isaac April 14, 187 1 tHouPT, Frank Nov. 14, 1883 fHouPT, Lewis L July 3, 1863 fHousEMAN, John A. . , ,Nov, 2,1868 fHousTON, D, F Mar. 25, 1872 Houston, Hugh B June 6, 1889 ♦Houston, Wm, C Mar, 2, 1863 Houston, Jr,.Wm,C.{J^- H'llH tHovEY,F.H {^x:\l:llll HovEY, Fredericks, ,, Jan. 15,1890 Howard, F. A Mar. 19, 1889 JHowELL, Charles F, , ,Feb. 12, 1880 Howell, Charles H.. .April 15, 1885 tHowELL, Charles L. .. Nov. 8,1880 tHoWELL, C. R Nov. 8, 1880 tHowELL, E. I. H Feb. 18, 1867 ♦Howell, Frank C July 3,1865 ♦Howell, George R. . . . Dec. 9, 1889 Howell, m.d., Harri- son W Sept. 29, 1897 ♦Howell, Henry C Feb. 10, 1863 tHowELL, Jr., John A. .May 17, 1865 tHowBLL, S. B. T Dec. 13, 1873 Howell, Warner R, . ,Feb. 14, 1887 fHowBLL, Jr,, William, Dec, 9,1872 JHowELL, William H,, ,Aug. 15, 1865 JHOWELL, ZOPHAR C, , , , Oct, 5, 1866 Howes, E, J Oct. 6, 1897 HowisoN, Edward T,, .April 15, 1897 HowLETT, Charles E. .Mar. 15, 1884 HowLETT, Edwin J,, , .July 15, 1881 tHoYT, Frederic A Sept, 30, 1864 fHoYT, Harry T April 21, 1865 ♦HoYT, Henry M April x, 1884 tHuBBELL, Johnson. .. .Feb. 12,1869 JHuBER, James S Mar. 16, 1863 tHuBER, Owen F Oct. 2,1866 JHucKEL, Benjamin. . .Sept. 6,1865 HucKBL, Jr., Samuel. .June 14, 1901 tHuDDELL, Joseph April 9, 1863 fHuDDY, Benjamin F. . -July 2, 1863 HuEY, Arthur B Feb. 14, 1900 ♦HuEY, Samuel B Sept. 17, 1869 ♦HuEY, Samuel C July 11,1870 HuEY, William G Dec. 19, 1879 fHuFF, John W July 20, 1866 492 The Officers and Members Date of Name. Admission, tHuGEL, Adolph Jan. 31, 1865 tHuGHES, Clement L. . .April 4, 1872 *HuGHES, John O Oct. 17, 1884 Hughes, Robert J. . . .April 12, 1894 *HuGHES, William F. . .Oct. 3, 1866 Hughes, Wm. H Oct. 9, 1901 ♦Hughes, William H. H May 18, 1865 tHuHN, Henry Mar. 11, 1868 HuHN, George A Oct. 24, 1879 HuHN, Jr., George A. .J\uie 12, 1896 Huhn, Samuel P Oct. 9,1901 HuHN, Wm. Terry. . . .Oct. 9, 1901 Huidekoper, Henry S. Feb. 11,1897 fHuLL, Irving April 21, 1866 *HuLSE, Charles F Jan. 23, 1866 Humes, Wm. P Nov. 21, 1888 tHuMPHREY, H. S Nov. u, 1869 ♦Humphreys, Charles. Oct. 27, 1864 tHuNN, TOWNSEND S. . . .April 15, 1865 fHuNSicKER, Henry R. .Nov. 8, 1870 *hunt,al.reb {ff.^;1;^f8^3 tHuNT, Benjamin P.. . .Feb. 21, 1863 *HuNT, Elisha H Feb. 25, 1863 fHuNT, Nathan Clem- MONS Sept. 24, 1866 Hunt, Walter E Mar. 16, 1893 tHuNTER, E. A. W April 10, 1872 tHuNTER, James Mar. 8,1881 JHuNTER, John C Jan. 23, 1864 fHuNTER, M.D., L. B. . . .Sept. 15, 1865 ♦Hunter, Jr., William. Mar. 5, 1863 tHuNTER, Wm. D June 6, 1884 ■fHuNTZINGER, GeORGE W Sept. 26, 1866 ♦Hurley, Aaron A Jan. 9, 1869 tHuRLEY, Charles B. . .Jan. 14, 1886 Hurley, Wm. H May 11,1865 tHuRLEY, Jr., Wm. H.. .Dec. 11,1880 tHuRST, Alfred July 13, 1865 ♦Hurst, Wm. J May 13, 1892 fHusBANDS, Clement M.Feb. 27,1865 ■j-HusBANDS, Jr., Clem- ent M June 17, 1865 Huston, J. M Aug. 18, 1897 tHusTON, R. M Jan. 16, 1873 fHusTON, Samuel May 16, 1863 Hutchins, J. 5 Warner. Sept. 27, 1899 fHuTCHiNSON, Enoch R.Jan. 9, 1863 ♦Hutchinson, I. Pem- berton April 16, 1863 Date of Name. Admission. Hutchinson, J. B Jan. 13, 1897 fHuTCHiNSON, Samuel P Sept. 29, 1868 *Ti A A I f Dec. 21, 1872 ♦Hyneman, a. a !|p^^, 3^; jg^s Hyneman, J. E July II, 1871 Hyneman, Samuel M. .Nov. 18, 1882 ♦Ide, Charles K July 3, 1865 ♦Ide, Fred'k W Oct. 14,1886 ♦Ingersoll, Joseph R. .April 11, 1863 flNGHAM, Ellery P Dec. 12,1892 tlNGHAM,M.D., James V. .May 18,1865 flNGHAM, Jonathan. .. .Nov. 11,1863 flNGHAM, William A... Feb. 21, 1863 Ingram, Henry A Jan. 15, i8g6 flNSTEE, Ayer D Mar. 12, 1869 Irvin, M.D., C. J June 15, 1897 Irvin, E. C April 3, 1883 ♦Irvin, Thomas Sept. 17, 1866 Irvine, Wm. B April 5,1894 ♦Irwin, J. H Jan. 31, 1873 fluNGERicH, Edward C. Mar. 22, 1866 fluNGERiCH, Louis C. .Mar. 9,1863 flviNS, A. B Mar. i, 1873 IviNS, Eugene Dec. 13, 1900 flviNS, Job S June 2, 1863 Jackson, Ellwood C.Mar. 7, 1896 tjACKSON, Francis H.. .Oct. 12, 1866 Jackson, Joseph B. . . .Aug. 8, 1894 JJackson, J. T Feb. '■ 14, 1883 Jackson, J. MoNTEiTH. .July 10,1900 tjACKSON, Oswald Nov. 6, 1867 ♦Jackson, Samuel Nov. 8,1864 ♦Jackson, Warner. . . .Sept. 11, 1868 ♦Jacobs, J. E Dec. 6, 1897 ♦Jacobs, Samuel F Oct. 25, 1866 tjACOBS, Samuel W. ...Jan. 31, 1866 tjACOBS, William Boyd April 12, 1867 Jaggard, Herbert A. .April ii, 1899 tjAGODE, Paul Nov. 6, 1866 Jagode, Philip July 17,1897 James, Alvan T Dec. 12, 1887 James, m.d., Bushrod W June 17, 1879 ♦James, Clarence G. . . . Mar. 12, 1885 tjAMES, Edward G Mar. 30, 1863 tjAMES, John F Sept. 17, 1866 tjAMES, Thomas P Mar. 17,1863 493 The Ujtion League of Philadelphia Date of Name. Admission. tjAMES, William A Aug. 14, 1865 Jameson, d.d.s., G. L. S Nov. 2, 1891 tjAMisoN, Jr., John. . . .Nov. 18, 1882 tjANNEY, Franklin. . . .Sept. 30, 1868 tjANNEY, Jacob June 5,1865 Janney, Morris A June 10, 1898 Jannby, Nathaniel E. July 26, 187 1 Janney, Robert M. . i ^^^- "■ ^^73 I June 15, 1883 tjANNEY, M.D., Wm. S. . .Dec. 12, 1881 tjARDEN, Albert B Dec. 9, 1867 tjARVis, Charles H. . | ffP^- '3. 1867 •' \ Nov. 17, 1882 *Jayne, M.D., David. . . .Feb. 17, 1863 ♦Jayne, Eben C Mar. 10, 1890 tjAYNE, H. La Barre. . .Dec. 22,1879 tjAYNE, Horace F April 27, 1880 tjEPFORDS, J. E April 20, 1871 Jeffries, Thomas J. .. .Nov. 17,1888 tjENKS, Barton H Feb. 11, 1863 Jenks, John Story. .. .Mar. 15,1893 tjENKS, William F Sept. 28, 1870 tjENKS, William H.. . ^ ^% =°' ^f S *■' \ Apnl 15, 1878 tjENKS, William J... jjj^y "■ ^\'>° •^ I Dec. 9, 1879 tjENKS, William P Feb. 14, 1863 Jenks, William P Feb. 16, 1900 Jennings, Edmund P. .Mar. 6, 1899 tjENNINGS, R. W Dec. 26, 1884 tjENNisoN, J. Morgan. .Jan. 11, 1866 *jEssup, Alfred D. . . j Jf'^- 9, 1863 I Dec. 5, 1879 tjESSUP, Jr., a. D f Feb. 8, 1866 I Dec. 26, 1870 *Jewell, Leonard Oct. 5,1865 Jewell, Wm. K April 21, 1882 *Jewett, T. L Jan. 2, 1872 tJoHNS, Edwin A July 1,1865 *Johns, William H Nov. 28, 1865 Johnson, Alba B Feb. 14, 1894 Johnson, Benjamin. . .Dec. 10, 1883 tJoHNsoN, Charles Eneu April 7, 1870 Johnson, Edward N. . .Aug. 10, 1896 tJoHNSON, Ellwood. . .April 28, 1865 Johnson, George K. . .Oct. 18, 1892 Johnson, John D Jan. 6,1898 Johnson, John R Feb. 16,1884 tJoHNSON, Joseph War- ner Mar. 30, 1863 494 Date of Name. Admission. Johnson, Lawrence ..Nov. 16, 1870 tJoHNSON, Lewis M Mar. 7,1885 tJoHNSON, William C. . .Oct. 28, 1871 *JoHNSON, W. S Mar. 8, 1888 tJoNES, Andrew M Jan. 12, 1863 tJoNES, D.D.S., Charles S Sept. 18, 1865 tJoNES, Charles S Sept. 28, 1866 tJONES, CONRAD S....{J--«;^«73 tJoNES, D. D Mar. 13, 1865 tJoNES, Edward R Oct. 12, 1866 tJoNES, Franklin C. . . .Jan. 31, 1873 tJoNES, George F Mar. 3, 1865 Jones, Horace C June 15, 1896 *Jones, H. Gates Feb. 26, 1868 tJoNES, I. William Oct. 12, 1866 *JoNBS, Jacob P Feb. 16, 1863 tJoNEs, James F Mar. 4, 1890 Jones, J. Levering. . .Mar. 31, 1890 Jones, John C July 30, 1897 *JoNES, John D .... Oct. 5, 1864 tJoNES, Joshua R Sept. 18, 1871 t Jones, Michael Sept. 20, 1869 ♦Jones, Richard T June 22, 1865 tJoNBS, Samuel A Jan. 25,1864 *JoNES, Samuel B Feb. 22,1873 tJoNES, Samuel H Feb. 9,1864 Jones, Silas June 11, 1898 *JoNES, Wm. P Feb. 16, 1883 tJoRDAN, Francis. . . . | ]^\ 3i, 1866 '■" ' I Sept. 16, 1870 tJoRDAN, G. Frederick. Jan. 27, 1872 tJoRDAN, Jr., John Feb. 17, 1863 tJoRDAN, John W April i, 1876 ♦Jordan, P. A Feb. 10, 1883 tJosLiN, David K Nov. 19, 1872 tJuDD, Leonardo D. ...Oct. 11, 1867 JUDD, M.D., L. D April 18, 1898 JuDSON, D. Allen . . . .Oct. 8, 1872 Junkin, Joseph de F. .Nov. 11, 1891 ♦Justice, Jacob Feb. 15,1884 t Justice, Philip S Mar. 4, 1863 Justice, Wm. W | f ^^ 3o, 1865 I Jan. 13, 1882 Kaighn, Robert Feb. 16, 1897 Kaiser, Julius A Jan. 11,1900 IKarsten, Henry Mar. 16,1863 Kase, M.D., Edmund H.Aug. 25, 1897 ♦Kates, Horace N Mar. 17, 1890 The Officers and Members Name. Date of Admission. Name. Date of Admission. Kates, J. Louis May 1 1 ♦Kauffman, Andrew J. Mar. 12 fKAY, J. Alfred May 12 *KAy, Samuel W ( P^'^' 5>: I. June 14 tKEATiNG, W. V Feb. 23 *KEEHMLi, Wm. C X^'^- ^° Keeley, Jerome Feb. 23 Keen, Charles B Dec. 10 Keen, Edwin F Feb. 1 5 fKEEN, Eli Jan. 29 *Keen, Frank A Feb. 15 Keen, Frank H Feb. 15 Keen, Harold Perot. June 11 fKEEN, James M Nov. 11 fKEEN, John F Jan. 21 f Keen, M.D., Wm. W.. . .Dec. 26 f Keene, Henry E Feb. 28 fKEENBY, Theodore M.Dec. 17 Keese, Francis S Nov. 16 Keim, Joseph R April 19 *Keith, Washington. .Jan. 10 f Kelch, James C Jan. 6 f Keller, Paul P May 3 1 Keller, Paul S Dec. 2 1 f Kelley, John G May 3 *KELLEy,WM. D {^ar. 13 fKELLOGG, Edward. .. .Jan. 16 ♦Kellogg, Jr., Henry C Mar. 2 7 f Kelly, Charles E. . . .Sept. 13 fKELLY, Charles E. . . .Jan. 16 f Kelly, Edward P Feb. 18 Kelly, Edward Smith Jan. 20 fKELLY, G. A Jan. 15 fKELLY, Henry K Sept. 18 *Kelly, Joseph Oct. 9 fKELLY, Reuben C Jan. 13 fKELLY, S. S Mar. 23 Kelly, Wm. D Feb. 15 fKELTON, Francis Feb. 20 Kemble, E. G May 18 Kemble, Isaac W July 14 *Kemble, Wm. H Mar. 30 Kemmerer, John L. . . . Dec. 25 Kemmerer, M. S April 20 f Kempton, Wm. B Oct. 10 f Kendall, Adna E Aug. 6 f Kendall, E. F Aug. 11 •J-Kendall, E. O Jan. 13 f Kendall, Otis H April 12 1896 1897 1865 1872 1883 1863 1863 1897 1883 1890 1864 1890 1890 1897 1885 1873 1868 1863 1869 1882 1897 1863 1865 1863 1897 1865 1863 1879 1873 1893 1866 1877 1863 1863 187s 1866 1868 1876 1863 1896 1871 1896 1896 1863 1900 1896 1864 1897 1873 1863 1871 fKENDRicK, George W. Mar. 4, 1873 Kendrick, 3D, George W Mar. 15, " " Kendrick, Murdoch. .Jan. 12 Kennard, Joseph Spencer Feb. 28^ Kennedy, Albert E.. .Sept. ^ f Kennedy, Davidson. .Feb. 24 f Kennedy, Francis W. .Oct. 14 Kennedy, Jr., Frank G May 12 f Kennedy, H. C April 27 Kennedy, John H July 28 f Kennedy, Jr., John M. April 16 ♦Kennedy, Robert F. . .April 22 f Kennedy, Wm. M Aug. 6 ♦Kennedy, Jr., Wm. M. .Aug, 3 Kenney,HenryF...{^P^}J; ♦Kenney, John B Jan. 22 ,^r -nv I T> f NoV. 27 f Kent, Fred k R | p^^ ^'^^ Kent, Henry T April 17 Kent, Samuel L Sept. 20 f Kent, William C Feb. 23 Kerbaugh, Joseph O. .Mar. 19 fKERFOOT, George B. . .April 3 *Kerlin, M.D., Isaac N.Jan, 10 fKERN, Howard R Dec. 14 f Kern, Walter R Dec. 1 1 *Kern, William H Jan. 14 f Kerns, James N Aug. 28 fKERR, Alexander. .. .May 11 fKERR, Frank Oct. 15 fKERR, Henry C Dec. 9 Kerr, James K Oct. 12 *Kerr, Joseph Feb. 17 fKERR, Joseph S. F Jan. 13 Kerr, Joseph Waugh .Dec. 9 fKERR, Norman M Mar. 28 ♦Kersey, John J { |^pP*i '| ♦Kershow, Edward P. .April i Kershow, J. Henry. . .Dec. 26 fKESSLER, Jr., John. .. .April 4 Kessler, J. Millard. .Mar. 13 Ketcham, Howard. .. .Feb. 14 f Ketcham, John Mar, 30 fKETCHAM, .WiNTHROP W Nov. 27 fKETTERLINUS, Jr., Eu- gene Mar. 10 1900 1891 1899 1863 1886 1869 1897 1864 1880 1863 1883 1863 1865 1868 1897 1897 1863 1896 1865 1888 1868 1872 1863 1868 1865 1866 1871 1866 1863 1892 1871 1866 1866 1879 1863 1872 1863 1890 1901 1863 1865 495 The Union League of Philadelphia Name. Date of Admission. Name. Date of Admission. Ketterlinus, J. L April 24 JKeyes, D. a July 7 JKeys, W. W June 19 JKeyser, George F. . . .May 4 *Kevseh,m.b..P.D..{Nov..i tKiDDER, Walter Jan. 20 fKiENZLfe, Eugene Z. ..Feb. 20 fKiMBALL, Edward S. . .May i fKiMBALL, George P. . .Jan. 31 fKiMBALL, James H May 11 *KiMBALL, Stephen. . . .Feb. 6 Kimball, Wm. S Sept. 20 fKiMBER, Jr., Thomas. .Jan. 9 Kindred, C. F June 30 ♦King, Charles C Dec. 8 fKiNG, Charles G Mar. 22 tKiNG, M.D., Charles R.Feb. 20^ fKiNG, D. Rodney May 19 fKiNG, Edward G Mar. 22 King, Henri C Nov. 1 1 fKiNG, Henry H May 24 JKiNG, John A Feb. 1 7 *KiNG, Robert P Mar. 3 King, Thomas M Feb. 29 fKiNG, William July 20 fKiNG, William Jan. 21 King, William Nov. 18^ King, William R Nov. 17 tKiNGSLAND, Alfred B. Jan. 16 ♦Kingsley, Edward F. .Oct. 14 *Kingsley, J. E { ^P"l ^° ■' \ Dec. 5 *Kingsley, Wm. T Dec. 6 KiNSEY, John L Mar. 3 Kirby, M.D., Ellwood R June 14 Kirk, D.D.S., Edward C.May 11 *KiRK, Howard Oct. 18 tKiRKBRiDE, George B. Sept. 11 *KirKBRIDE, M.D., JoS. J Nov. 14 *Kirkpatrick, Edwin. .April 16 Kirkpatrick, Wm. H. .July 20 Kisterbock, John.... Dec. 10 Kisterbock, Jr., JosiAH April 16 Kitchen, Theodore. .Sept. 14 tKlTCHING, F. W July 15 tKiTE, Louis S Nov. 6 KiTTINGER, M.D., L, A. .Oct. 23 {Klahr, Lewis W April 27 1886 1881 1867 1868 1872 1882 1873 1880 1865 1865 1865 1865 1889 1863 1890 1888 1864 1863 1865 1864 1885 1866 1872 1863 1888 1865 1869 1893 1884 1865 1880 1863 1879 1899 1891 1871 1872 1872 1864 1865 1870 1880 1888 1883 f Oct. 1 1 I Feb. 19 .Mar. 25 .Feb. 26 .June 14 . Oct. 9 .June 15 ■ Jan. 23 Oct. 10 . Dec. 12 .Feb. 21 . Feb. 4 *Klauder, Rudolph Klautsheck, Elvin Klemm, J. George *Klett, Frederick fKLiNE, Abraham. Kline, Mahlon N. Klopp, M.D., E. L. . tKLOSE, Charles . . IKlotz, Paul fKNEASs, Christian Kneass, Horn R Nov. 20 tKNEASs, Samuel H. . . .July 12 Kneass, M.D., Samuel S.Jan. 19 *Kneass, Strickland. .July 3 *Knecht, Charles . . . .Feb. 17 ♦Knight, B. Andrews. .Feb. 15 Knight, Charles C. . | ^^^ 9 §Knight, Daniel R. . . .June 17 *Knight, Edward C. . . .Jan. 10 Knight, Jr., Edward C Dec. 7 Knight, G. Lee July 9 *Knight, J July 13 fKNiGHT, J. Garrison. .Mar. 15 JKnight, J. Frank July 3 IKnight, Reeve L Feb. 21 Knight, Samuel B May 10 fKNIGHT, W. A Aug. I IKnorr, Fred'k E Oct. 29 fKNORR, m.d.,GeorgbF. May 25, IKnorr, Jacob E Nov. 25 Knowles, George L. .Dec. 19 fKNOWLEs, Joseph J. . .Dec. 22 Knowles, Wm. G Nov. 10 Knowles, Wm. Gray. .Oct. i tKNOx, John C Jan. 23 JKnox, Jr., John C Mar. 23 Knox, Samuel M Oct. 16, fKoECKER, Leonard R. .July 10 *KoECKER, Louis M Sept. 16 Kohler, M. L July 17 tKoLB, Matthew May 10 Kolischer, Theodore. Mar. 14 tKoONS,FRED'KA....|^^^- ^% \ Nov. 28 fKooNS, Isaac B Nov. 16 tKooNS, Robt. J. W. . . .Feb. 15 fKooNS, Sylvester M. .May 24 ♦Kramer, Francis D...Feb. 13 1866 1874 1881 1883 1865 1867 1896 1899 1868 1872 1863 1871 1897 1872 1899 1863 1863 1872 1864 1880 1870 1863 1888 1896 1863 1864 1865 1863 1888 1870 1864 1865 1875 1879 1879 1888 1897 1863 1872 1901 1863 1871 1897 1870 1901 1863 1883 1865 1882 1865 1897 496 The Officers and Members Date of Name. Admission. *Kramer, Jr., Francis D Dec. 12, 1892 *Kramer, Lee Roy. . j ^ov. 19, 1866 (. Dec. 10, 1872 Kremer, Herman P.. .Oct. 5, 1891 Krewson, Edmund F. .Feb. 23, 1881 KuEMMERLE, Jr., Wm. .Feb. 14, 1900 KuLP, Monroe H Nov. 1,1897 tKuRSH, Frank Feb. 22,1872 Kurtz, W. W Oct. 13, 1890 Kyle, M.D., D.Braden. July 11, 1901 fLAPOURCADE, Edward. tLAFOURCADE, Jr., P. M. ILaing, Henry M JLa Lanne, Frank D. -j *Lamb, Jr., Peter tLAMBDiN, George C. .. tLAMBDiN, J. Harrison. ILambdin, J. R Lambert, James H.. . . Lambert, Wm. H fLAMBORN, Robert H. . . ILammot, Jr., Daniel. . *Lamson, a. D Lancaster, m.d., Tho- mas Lancaster, Thomas B. fLANCASTER, ThOMAS J. . Landell, Charles W. . tLANDELL, E. A ILandell, George A. . fLANDELL, James W. . . ILandis, Charles K. . . ♦Landis, Henry D. ... ILandreth, Oliver. . . fLANE, Alex. T *Lane, Millard F fLANE, William S JLang, George S Langenheim, F. D. . . . fLANGSTROTH, B. L. . . . fLAPSLEY, Samuel W. . *Lardner, Lynford.. tLARMORE, Leon J ♦Larned, William H. \ La Rue, Walter M. . . . Latta, James W *Latta, John E 32 April 18: June 21 July 14 Jan. 18 Dec. 7 April 16 June I Feb. 16 Jtine I Dec. s May 21 April 22 June 15 Jan. 12 June 20 May II June 16 Feb. 13 June 14 .Jan. II Feb. 27 .May 18, .May 12 .May 20 .May 19 Jan. 15 . Dec. 9 . May 1 2 .May 28, .Mar. 18 .May 13, .Nov. 18 Sept. 9 Feb. 7 April 22 Aug. 14 Dec. 6 July 14 1863 1865 1863 1873 1880 1868 1863 1866 1863 1890 1888 1865 1865 1883 1896 1865 1871 1896 1865 1864 1863 1863 1870 1865 1863 1886 1872 1865 1894 1870 1863 1882 1882 1863 1890 1897 1867 1865 Date of Name. Admission. fLAUDENSLAGBR, Jacob. May 23,1865 fLAUDERBACH, Chas. J.. Jan. 18, 1871 fLAUDERBACH, Harris f July 13,1865 Y tjuly 13, 1881 fLAUDERBACH, J. W Sept. 15, 1866 fLAUREAu, Louis G Mar. 14, 1888 Laurent, Edward. . . .Jan. 23, 1897 Law, Ernest Mar. 14, 1890 f Lawrence, Francis C. June i, 1863 fLAWRENCE, Philip. .. .Oct. 16,1867 Lawson, Harry April 14, 1898 *Lawson, John L Mar. 17,1863 f Lawson, Thomas S. ...Dec. 10, 1872 JLawson, Wilford L. . .Feb. 14, 1881 Layng, Frank S Dec. 12, 1892 f Lazarus, Aaron Feb. 19, 1877 ♦Lazarus, W. W April 24, 1863 fLEA, Henry Charles. .Feb. 3, 1863 f Lea, Henry C Jan. 8, 1878 fLEA, Isaac Feb. 14, 1863 JLea, Joseph Jan. 23, 1863 Lea, J. Tatnall . . . . I Jf "• "''^73 ■' (. Nov. 29, 1879 §Lea, Richard M April 21, 1864 fLEA, Robeson Sept. 15, 1869 fLEA, Thomas T Sept. 13, 1866 Leake, Frank April 30, 1897 fLEAMiNG, J. Fisher. . .April 20, 1863 fLEAMiNG, R. Waln. . . .Jan. 8, 1863 Le Bar, Frank Feb. 11,1898 fLEBRENZ.W. R May 8,1888 fLE Conte, M.D. , John L.Aug. 14, 1865 fLEDYARD, E. Parker.. Oct. 15, 1891 fLEDYARD, Wm. W June 14, 1865 Lee, Albert R Dec. 13, 1888 Lee, Horace H July 10, 1896 f Lee, John S Mar. 16, 1870 *Lee, Julius Feb. 2, 1865 JLee, Samuel June 15, 1883 fLEE, Jr., Washington. June 27, 1865 Lee, William Dec. 10, 1885 f Leech, David C Jan. 19, 1871 f Leech, Harrys {\^^^Mfi,l fLEEDOM, Benjamin J. . .Mar. 25,1863 Leedom, Charles Dec. 6, 1893 fLEEDOM, M.D. , John M. .Aug. 19,1865 Leedom, Joseph Dec. 5, 1883 *Leedom, Thomas L. . . .July 9, 1896 *T o -nr., 13 / Mar. 6, 1868 *Leeds, W m. R < -, ' o 1 Jan. 14, 1879 f Lehman, William E. . .Jan. 27, 1863 497 The Union League of Philadelphia Name. Date of Admission. Name. Date of Admission. fLEiGH, John W May 1 1 fLEiNAU, Samuel W. . . .April lo Leiper, James G June 13 Leisenring, Albert C Feb. 23, *Leisenring, John . . . | ^^^ ^^ *Leisenring, E. B Feb. 20 Leisenring, Walter. April 20 fLEISINRING, A. W Oct. 26 *Lejee, William R Jan. 9 *Leland, Charles July 13 fLELAND, George F. ...Dec. g *Lennig, Charles Jan. 17 fLENNiG, George G. ...Feb. 16 Lennig, John B Oct. 11 fLENNiG, N July 6 ILennig, Thompson. .. .Dec. 5 ILentz, John S Jan. 25 ♦Lesley, Alexander. . .Dec. 11 fLESLEY, J. Peter Oct. 16 fLESLEY, Joseph June 28 Leslie, John A July 12 fLETCHwoRTH, A. S Jan. 14 fLE Van, W. Barnett. .June 10 tLsvEY, Fred'k H Sept. 26 ILevick, Howard R. . . .Jan. 6 Levick, Lewis J Jan. 19 tLEViCK, Richard May 22 *Levis, Henry. July 30 ILevis, George H Jan. 16 Levis, Samuel W Aug. 26 fLEvis, William Aug. 16 Levy, Edmund L June 26 Levy, Laurance B....Dec. 9 Lewars, George H. . .Nov. 20 fLEwis, A. J Jan. 8 tLEWis, A. Nelson ...\ P"^^' '^ Ijune 13 *Lewis, Charles S Jan. 17 fLEwis, Edward Jan. 15 JLewis, Edwin M Jan. 8 Lewis, Enoch Oct. 16 *Lewis, E. J July 24^ fLEwis, Francis A Jan. 15 Lewis, Francis D.. . ( -I^"- ^7 lAug. 13 TLewis, m.d., Francis/ Feb. 19 W I Nov. 14 Lewis, Frank S Mar. 15 *Lewis, George T Jan. 30 tLEwis, Harold R Feb. 13 i86s 1863 1898 1897 1869 1892 1888 1896 1866 1863 1863 1880 1863 1865 1870 1870 1872 1871 1865 1863 1865 1890 1863 1865 1870 1883 1882 1865 1870 1865 1872 1866 1891 1890 1901 1863 1871 1876 1863 1873 1863 1866 1868 1863 1872 1897 1868 1876 1900 1863 *Lewis, Henry...... {g^j- *Lewis, H. R July 22 fLEWis, John S Sept. 16 ILewis, John T Feb. 4 ILewis, Joseph W Feb. 18 JLewis, Jr., Lawrence. Feb. 18 JLewis, Richard A Jan. 26 *Lewis, Robert B Feb. 10 fLEWis, Robert M Jan. 15 JLewis, m.d., Samuel. .Feb. 26 *Lewis, Samuel G Mar. 3 ILewis, Samuel N May 1 1 fLEWis, Saunders Feb. 17 fLEWis, Walter H Feb. i8| *Lewis, William D Jan. 8 fLEWis, William F May 11 fLEWis, Willing F Jtme 16 Lewisohn, Adolph. . . .Mar. 14 fLiEPER, Chas. Lewis. .Sept. 18 fLiGHTNER, Hervey. . . .Dec 9 *LiLLY, William Dec. 17 fLiNCH, Isaac P Oct. 31 fLiNCOLN, E Jan. 15 Lincoln, Harry E. ...Feb. 14I Lincoln, Wm. H Sept. i Lindsay, George B...Oct. 17 Lindsay, James G May 6 fLiNDSLEY, Edgar T. . . .July 13 Linnard, George B.. .April 13 f LiNviLLE, J. Hays Feb. 11 *LippE, M.D., AooLPHUs.Feb. 19 tLippiNCOTT, Alfred H. Jan. 26 LippiNCOTT, Charles. .Oct. 10 LippiNCOTT, Craige ... April i LippiNCOTT, F. Hazard Mar. 18 LippiNCOTT, George T. Mar. 19 f LippiNCOTT, Henry B..Aug. 16 f LippiNCOTT, Horace G. Feb. 15 LippiNCOTT, Howard W Jan. 29 *LippiNCOTT, Joshua. . .Jan. 22 f LippiNCOTT, Joshua W. Oct. 4 LippiNCOTT, J. Ber- tram May 19 *Lippincott, J. B Mar. 11 JLippincott, J. DuNDAS Dec. 10 LippiNCOTT, Robert C. Dec. 8 LippiNCOTT, Walter.. Dec. 21 LIPPINCOTT, W. A. ... i ^^'"- ^9 (. June 14 LiPpiNCOTT, Jr., W. A. .April 27 1863 1879 1880 1870 1863 1863 1863 1865 1883 1863 1863 1881 1865 1863 1863 1863 1865 1865 1900 1866 1865 1864 1884 1863 1900 1896 1898 1891 1865 1898 1870 1863 1886 1882 1869 1890 1897 1865 1866 1897 1863 1866 1884 1863 1864 1886 1869 1872 498 The Officers and Members Date of Name. Admission. fLippiNCOTT, William H Oct. lo, 1868 tLiST, J. Fred'k Sept. 11, 1868 fLisT, Wm. H Feb. 26, 1873 Lister, Charles C. . . .Mar. 25, 1892 fLiTTLE, Amos R Mar. 17,1863 JLiTTLE, Arthur H Dec. 8, 1886 fLiTTLE, Arthur W. . . .Aug. 24, 1865 •fLiTTLE, Jr., Edward P. Aug. 14, 1865 Little, Wm Mar. 11,1897 LiTTLEFiELD, Henry W.Feb. 23,1889 {Littleton, William E.July 3, 1865 tLLOYD, C. N Feb. 18, 1890 *Lloyd, Isaac Feb. 12, 1883 Lloyd, John April 30, 1896 Lloyd, Jr., John Dec. 12,1881 tLLOYD, Malcolm Jan. i, 1866 *Lloyd, Samuel Feb. 5, 1867 *Lloyd, William J. . . .Sept. 15, 1868 Lloyd, W. S Jan. 17, 1883 LoBER, John B Dec. 12,1892 LoBER, Wm. D Feb. 24, 1900 tLocKE, Zebulon Aug. 21, 1865 *Lockwood, E. Dunbar June 15, 1865 fLocKwooD, John W. . .Oct. 7, 1868 fLocKWOOD, W. E April 29, 1863 fLoGAN, A. C May i, 1872 tLoGAN, James A Nov. 4, 1880 Long, m.d., F. Far- well Sept, 4, 1899 Long, James Dec. 25, 1879 Long, Oliver N Mar. 27, 1886 Long, William H Mar. 27, 1886 tLoNGACRE, J. M Feb. 22, 1873 LoNGCOPE, Thos. M. . . .April 21, 1892 Longshore, m.d., Wm. R May i, 1893 tLoNGSTRETH, EDWARD.June l6, 1884 LONGSTRETH, WiLLIAM . Oct. 25, 1880 LONGWELL, Wm. H Nov. 21, 1888 LoPER, George Weav- er Feb. 16, 1883 tLoPER, R. F. W Dec. 2, 1875 LoRiMER, John H Dec. 9, 1889 fLouDEN, G. Heidel. . .Oct. 14, 1881 fLoUDENSLAGER, DaVID H July 18, 1865 *Loughead, George P. .Jan. 19,1863 Loughead, Isaac M.. . .Dec. 18,1888 tLouTEY, John June 3, 1863 •j-LovE, Thomas C Mar. 5,1863 LovEjOY, Arthur B.. .Dec. 28, 1885 Date of Admission. tLovEjoY, Frederick! p°^' \^' fLovERiNG, Joseph S...Feb. 25 JLovERiNG, Jr., Joseph S Jan. 8 fLovETT, Robert R. ...Feb. 15 *LowBER, Jr., Edward. Jan. 16 *Lowber, John W Oct. 18 fLowBER, William T. . .Jan. 10 Lowry, Alfred Mar. 28 fLowRY, Edward S Nov. 6 t Lowry, H. B Sept. 4 LowRY, Howard H...Aug. 15 {Lowry, John C July 18 fLoYD, William H Feb. 25 Lucas, James F Nov. 17 *Lucas, John { April '9: *Lucas, John C Aug. 4 fLucAS, John T Mar. 14 Lucas, Wm. H Jan. 17 LiJDERS, H. C Feb. 17 fLuDLOW, William .... April 9 *LuDWiG, Wm. C Mar. 23 ♦Lukens, Charles M. \ -^^^ ^^ LuKENS, Edward Fell May 11 LuKENS, Jawood Nov. 28 tLuKENS, Jr., Reuben | j^'^PJ; \^ LuKENS,W. E Oct. 6, Luther, R. C May 21 LuTz, M.D., George H.May 11 fLuTZ, M. B Sept. 24 Lyle, Frank L June 15 fLYMAN, Benjamin Smith Oct. 11 Lyman, Wm. R Sept. 10 fLYNCH, Augustus T.. .Nov. 17 J.T T f Feb. II *Lynd, James \^^^^ ^ Lynd, James F Aug. i *Lyndall, Joseph R. . . .Aug. 16 tLvNN, John W Oct. 27 J.T -c -D ) Nov. 28 fLYON, Edmond R. . . . ■; y^^ ^ 186s 1879 1863 1863 1868 1865 1865 1863 1892 1865 1882 1900 1888 1867 1883 1872 1878 1883 1884 1898 1883 1884 1863 1872 1892 1899 1888 1866 1887 188s 1897 1896 1866 1897 1871 1897 1871 1863 1S7S 1888 1866 1864 1872 1879 IMacAlister, James... Feb. 14,1890 MacDonald, John J.. .Sept. 10, 1890 fMAcQuEEN, Charles D.Sept. 24, 1866 McAdoo, Jr., Wm Aug. 28,1899 499 The Union League of Philadelphia Date of Name. Admission, fMcALLisTER, John A. . .Oct. 29, IMcAllister, Oswald. .Mar. 16 fMcARTHUR, John May 14 fMcARTHUR, Jr. , John. .Feb. 24 IMcBeath, Frank J. . . .April 27 JMcBride, Isaac Oct. 30 McCahan, Jr., W. J. . . .May 14 McCall, Joseph B Jan. 5, McCallum, Irving. . . .Mar. i McCallum, W. H July 22 fMcCAMMON, Joseph K. .July 3 McCandless, Wm April 14 *McCanles, John Jan. 14 McCarrell, Samuel J. M Aug. 12 tMcCARTER, Jr., Rich- ard T Dec. g McCarter, Jr., Rich- ard T Feb. 22 ♦McCartney, W. H Nov. 30 JMcClary, W. J Oct. 16 IMcClees, Wm. K Feb. 17 IMcClellan, Ely Oct. 3 JMcClintock, Charles. April 4 McCloud, Charles M. .April 11 McClure, Alex. K. ...Mar. 3 fMcCoMB, Henry S Feb. 3 McCoNNELL, Henry. . . June 15 McConnell, Wm. C. . . .Feb. 25 McCoRMiCK, Henry C. .Dec. 22 fMcCouCH, William. . .June 15 McCreary, George D. .Sept. 21 *McCreary, J. B Feb. 26 IMcCreary, J. E Mar. 22 ♦McCreight, John June 17 tMcCuLLAGH, Robert P. July 3 McCurdy, John M Sept. 2 *McDaniel, Dbla- PLAiNB June 22 IMcDaniels, J. L Mar. u McDowell, Charles. .Jan. .i *McDowell, Jr., John. Dec. 20 JMcDowELL, John A. . . . Dec. 9 ♦McDowell, M. E Dec. 9 McDowell, Jr., M. E. .Dec. 19 E McElmell, Jackson. . Dec. 11 fMcELROY, Archibald. Sept. 27 IMcElroy, Joseph R... April 21 *McElroy, Thomas E. . .Nov. 9 *McEuen, m.d., Thomas Sept. 30 JMcFadden, George H Nov. 9, 1869 Name. Date of Admission. 1864 1882 1863 1863 1865 1868 1897 1899 1897 1896 1865 1898 1863 1888 1886 1863 1865 1868 1888 1863 1863 1891 1897 1892 1865 1867 1864 1873 1865 1865 1886 1866 1873 1899 1864 1886 1884 1892 1886 1867 1868 1870 1S64 McFadden, John H. . | ^f^' ^ IMcFarland, James B. .April 3 IMcFetridge, John H. .June 19 McGiLL, Wm. E Feb. 12 fMcGowAN, Jr., John. .April 14 McGowiN, A. C Nov. 25 *McGrath, Francis H. .April 18 fMcGRATH, M.D., John M May 11 fMcHENRY, Alex. R. . . .Feb. 28 IMcIlvain, a. H Feb. 22 fMclLVAINE, Abram R. . Oct. 27 JMcIlvaine, Charles.. Dec. 5 tMclLVAINE, H. C....{J^/^^; ]^ *McInnes, John T Dec. 14 McIntire, Jr., H. I. . . .June 15 McIntire, Walter C. .Dec. 27 tMclNTYRE, Archibald. Jan. 14 McIntyre, S. Maxwell Nov. 12 tMcKEAN, Henry PRAXTjan. 8 *McKban, Thomas . . . ■[ qP"^ H fMcKEE, James H Aug. 27 tMcKEE, Joseph D.. . | ^^"® ^5 fMcKiM, J. Miller Feb. 14 JMcKiM, Wm. W May 9 *McKeehan, C. W Feb. 4 tMcKELWAY, M.D George I April 19 fMcLAUGHLiN, John... Jan. 14 McLaughlin, W. J.... Oct. 16 McLean, W. L Oct. 26 fMcMAHON, George ( Feb. 23 W \ May 14 *McManes, James Oct. 6 McManus, Harry Mar. 28 *McManus, Wm. S Nov. 20 McMichael, Clayton, Jan. 12 fMcMicHAEL, C. B Mar. 16 *McMichael, Morton. .Jan. 8 McMichael, Jr., (Jan. 22 Morton t Dec. 15 fMcMicHAEL, Walter. .Mar. 11 JMcMicHAEL, William. Feb. 27 JMcMurtrie, Francis. .Jan. 9 McNeely, Richard P. .June 16 JMcNeely, Robert /Feb. i K 1 Nov. 16 *McNeely, Wm. T June 8: 1872 1879 1863 1872 1892 1883 1901 186s 1865 1863 1872 1871 1870 1872 1879 1885 189s 1886 1863 1897 1863 1865 1880 1866 1865 1879 1863 1865 1881 1863 1897 1885 1863 1872 1866 i8go 1899 1866 1871 1863 1863 1879 1864 1865 1863 1901 1866 1882 1888 500 The Officers and Members Date of Name. Admission. McOwEN, Fred'k Mar. 9,1898 fMcQuAiDE, J. G Mar. 16, 1863 McQulLLEN, D.D.S., D. N Mar. 15, 1883 *McQuiLLEN, M.D., JOHN H Dec. 12, 1863 McQuiLLEN, Jr., John H June 14, 1900 fMcPHERSON, Edward. Feb. 6,1879 McVeagh, Wayne. . . .Oct. 22, 1863 tMcWniNNEY, M.D., Ar- thur June 6, 1865 Mc Williams, R. B May 10, 1892 fMACALESTER, CHARLES.July 8, 1865 fMACDOwELL, James J. .Sept. 13, 1865 fMACDOWELL, W. G. ...Oct. I4, 1871 *Macuen, Charles Iz- ard Jan. 22, 1863 ♦Madeira, Louis C Feb. i8, 1863 fMAGARGE, Charles. ... Dec. 9,1871 Magarge, Samuel J.. .Mar. 16, 1892 ♦Magee, Christopher L April 18, 1892 Magee, James R Feb. 10, 1876 Magill, Edward W...Feb. 26, 1898 fMAGiLL, Thomas J May 11,1865 ■[Magill, Wm. H July 27,1865 *Maginnis, Edward J. . .July 10,1863 fMAGUiRE, James Jan. 27, 1863 *Maguire, Robt. E June 16, 1865 ♦Mailert, Henry J July 18, 1884 *Maitland, Joseph . . . .May 12, 1865 fMALiN, Caleb H Dec. 28, 1866 Malin, John T Dec. 18,1871 IMallory, George B. . .Feb. 19, 1877 fMALONE, Bernard T. . .Jan. 17, 1873 Malone, Edwin B Aug. 18, 1897 fMALONE, Franklin T. .Jan. 17, 1873 •J-Malone, Watson Feb. 24, 1869 fMALONEY, Andrew J. . .Mar. 11,1886 Maloney, Martin. .. .Mar. 13,1896 ♦Manderson, James. .. .May 19,1863 Manges, H.F April 19, 1897 Mann, Charles N July 10, 1894 ♦Mann, Joseph H June 10, 1886 fMANN, William June 29, 1863 *Mann, William B Mar. 27, 1863 Mann, Jr., William B. Dec. 31, 1897 fMANNiNG, Thomas S. . .May 11, 1892 tMARCHANT, E. D April 28, 1865 ■J-Marcus, William N. . .April 18, 187 1 tMARis, John M April 29, 1863 Date of Name. Admission. Maris, Richard Oct. 22,1891 ♦Maris, Thomas R Feb. 25, 1863 Markle, Alvan April 20, 1896 fMARKLE, G. B June 30, 1865 ♦Markley, Edward C. .Feb. 18,1863 Markley, Jr., Edward C Feb. 26, 1863 Markley, Jr., Edward C Jan. 4, 1889 fMARKLEY, T. W Mar. 19, 1863 JMarks, James N April 20, 1866 ♦Marks, James P April 25, 1871 Maron, Alfred C Aug. 17, 1897 fMARQUEZE, Emile Oct. 18, 1865 Marr, Frank S Feb. 19, 1900 MaRSDEN, M.D., BiDDLE R Feb. 13, 1896 fMARSELIS, M.D., NICHO- LAS H May 31, 1863 JMarshall, Alfred. . . .May 23, 1882 Marshall, Charles. . .Nov. 15, 1888 ♦Marshall, Joseph F. . .Feb. 20, 1863 Marshall, T. W Oct. 30, 1888 IMarston, Jr., John. . .April 14, 1868 fMARTiEN, Alfred June 3, 1863 Martin, D. B Feb. 13, 1897 fMARTiN, Edward Mar. 19,1897. fMARTiN, Edwin Feb. 21, 1882 ■J-Martin, George W. . . . Mar. 28, 1863 Martin, James Jan. 18,1890 ,,, T o f Mar. 16, 1865 tMARTiN, James S. . . . | j^^^ ^^^ ^g^^ fMARTiN, John S Feb. 22,1872 tMARTiN, John T Sept. 18, 1865 ♦Martin, Joseph J.. . { ^P^} \ ^^J^ ♦Martin, Oliver D Jan. 12, 1866 tMARTiN, Robert L. ...Feb. 12, 1863 JMartin, Robert T. ...Feb. 16, 1870 JMartin, Sanderson R. May 18, 1865 Martin, Wm. L April 4, 1898 Marvill, Wm. H Sept. 14, 1899 IMarvine, E. E April 18, 1863 JMason, a. HEYwooDJJ^^y ^°; '^^76 ♦Mason, James S Jan. 20, 1863 Mason, 3D, James S. .. .Dec. 21,1900 K/r T T f July, II, 1871 Mason, Jr., John... I Jj5 J; ^3^18^6 fMASON, Jr., John Feb. 27, 1863 •[Mason, Richard S Oct. 10, 1867 Mason, Sidney Oct. 11, 1901 SOI The Union League of Philadelphia Date of Admission, Name. Massey, George V. . . .Dec. 8 Massey, Henry V Dec. 3 tMASSEY, M.D., Isaac ...Oct. 18 tMASSEY, Jr., Robert V April 27 *Massey, William Mar. 16 *Masson, Chas. H Dec. 17 Masters, George April 16 fMATHBR, Charles E. . .Feb, 21 tMATHER, L. M April 5 ♦Mathews, Edward J. . .June 14 tMATHEws, James F, , . .Oct. 23 JMathews, S. R. C May 28 Matlack, David J Mar. 2 1 Matthews, Charles L. Nov. 23 ♦Matthews, Charles W Dec. 9 fMATTHEws, Geo. P.. . .Sept. 16 Matthews, Wm. G Nov. 23 Mattson, Frank H, . . .April 14 Mattson, Levi Dec. 29 Mattson, Thomas L. ..Oct. 31 tMATTSON, W, H April 18 JMaule, Edward Mar. 29 fMAULE, Francis I Jan. 14 IMaule, Henry Sept. 10 *Maule, Israel Sept. 13 fMAULE, S. G. M Jan. 12 Maule, Wm. Henry. . .June 15 fMAWSON, Edward S. ..Jan. 14 IMaxwell, Robert, a. .Feb. 10 JMaxwell, William M. Jan. 29 JMay, Isaac Feb. 17 fMAYBiN, Francis Dec. 23 Mayburry, Wm. G Nov. 16 Mears, m.d., J. EwiNG. April 2 Mears, Wm. a Mar. 26 *Mecke, J. Howard. . . .Feb. 10 fMEGARGEE, Theodore . June 17 JMegear, Alter April i ♦Megear, Thomas J. . . .April 2 fMEHAFFEY, J. B. McP. .June 25 fMEHL, Theodore A. . . .June 17 Meigs, Alexander W. Mar. 9 ♦Meigs, m.d., Charles D Mar. 16^ ♦Meigs, Frank B Jan. 28 Meigs, H. V. L April 14 IMeigs, m.d. , J. Forsyth Jan. 8 Meigs, S. Emlen May 14 fMEiLY, James June 15 JMellon, a. W Jan. 4 1886 1888 1863 1875 1870 1896 1882 1879 1865 1871 1889 1879 1883 1868 1865 1882 1887 1892 1884 1872 1869 1869 1868 1866 1872 1896 1863 1863 1866 1866 187s 1894 1873 1892 1876 1865 1882 1863 1870 1865 1863 1863 1892 1863 1863 1882 Date of Name. Admission, ■hyr ■r^ f Tan. 20 Mellor, Edward. . , < i, , fMELLOR, John B May 3 tMELLOR, William May 3 ♦Mendenhall, W. B, . . .Dec. 15 Mendinhall, W. G, . . .June 18 fMENDUM, John A Jan. g JMercer, Geo. GLUYAS.Feb. 18 ♦Mercer, Hall W Jan. 14 JMercer, John C Jan. 17 ♦Mercer, Wm. Hall . . .May 29 fMERCER, Singleton A. Jan. 8 Merchant, Clarke. . .Sept. 15 fMERCuR, M.D. , John D. .Jan. i JMercur, Mahlon C. . . .June i Mercur, Rodney A. . . . Nov. 19 JMercur, Ulysses Dec. 20 JMeredith, William. . .Jan. 14 IIMeredith, William M. Jan. 26 Merrick, J.Vaughan { ^^^ \l ♦Merrick, Samuel V.. .Jan. 12 Merrick, William H. [ ^^^\ ^^ \ April 13 Merrihew, Frank. .. .Dec. 21 fMERRiLL, L Ju-ly 31 ♦Merritt, John A Feb. 18 fMERSHON, A. H Mar. 7 ♦Mershon, Daniel Mar. 19 JMesschert, M. H Jan. 28 JMessick, Wm. P Mar. i JMetzger, Emanuel. . .Nov. 8 Meyer, I. Reed May 26 fMicHENER, Allen C.Sept. 9 JMiCHENER, Allen L. ..Oct. 10 Michener, Charles G. Oct. 15 JMiCHENER, Edgar P. . .Oct. 10, Michener, Frank L. . .Oct. 20 JMiCHENER, H. G Mar. 15 Michener, John H. . . .July 11 Michener, Jr., J. H. .. .May 17 Middleton, m.d., C. S. .Mar. 11 fMiDDLETON, C. W May 4 ♦Middleton, Gabriel-! ^^^J ^| Middleton, Merle. . . .Feb. 13 JMiddleton, Nathan. .July 10 Middleton, Robert Taylor Dec. 13 JMiLEs, Frederick B, ,, July 14 tMlLES,JOHN S April 17 Miles, Jr,, Thomas H. .Nov. ii 1873 1882 1865 1865 1876 1892 1871 1882 1863 1863 1865 1863 1879 1881 1866 1888 1872 1863 1863 1863 1878 1863 1863 1878 igoo 1894 1865 1864 1863 1863 1871 1866 1865 1867 1868 1891 1868 1893 1882 1865 1889 1897 1870 1865 1881 1880 1863 1880 502 The Officers and Members Date of Name. Admission. Miller, Alfred S Oct. 15, 1896 ♦Miller, Andrew H. . . .Jan. 22, 1885 tMiLLER, Arthur .... {ipJi'g', isJs tMiLLER, Barton Oct. 16, 1879 Miller, Charles Aug. 4,1900 tMiLLER, Charles A. . . .Aug. 23, 1866 tMiLLER, E. Spencer. . .Jan. 10, 1863 Miller, E. Spencer. . .Feb. 6, 1901 Miller, George M. C. .Dec. 22, 1886 tMiLLER, Jacob S Nov. 19, 1866 JMiLLER, Jahu De Witt Mar. 7, 1885 *MiLLER, J, Craig Jan. 14, 1863 ♦Miller, Jos. William. Feb. 16, 1863 tMiLLER, Levi Dec. 12, 1895 Miller, Richard R. . | ^-^^ '|| ^g^g jMiLLER, Stephen May 4,1867 Miller, W. Harry. . . .Oct. 10, 1889 tMiLLHOLLAND, James . . May 25, 1865 Milliken, James Jan. 13,1863 tMiLLS, C. F April 14, 1865 fMiLLS, James W Oct. 24, 1884 JMiLLWARD, William. . .Feb. 13,1863 JMiLNE, Caleb J Dec. 17,1881 JMiLNE, Jr., C. J Dec. 9,1886 MiLNE, Clyde June 13, 1896 j.T,i -r, i May 25, 1865 JMilne, David \-^^l^ l^^'iiz Milne, Francis F. . . { ^^^^ '^^; \^^\ Milne, Jr., Francis F. .Sept. 15, 1896 T ; Oct. 6, 1866 tMiLNES, John | p^^, ^^^ jg^^ tMiNDiL, Geo. Washing- ton Sept. 20, 1865 tMlNDIL, GUSTAVUS. . . .Sept. 24, 1866 *Mintzer, William. . . .July 25, 1866 tMisKEY, Wm. F Jan. 23, 1863 fMiTCHELL, Benjamin A.Sept. 28, 1866 ♦Mitchell, Chas. W Oct. 19, 1866 fMiTCHELL, Edward P. .Feb. 19, 1863 {Mitchell, Edwin Feb. 25, 1863 tMiTCHELL, Ellwood. . .July i, 1865 JMiTCHELL, George C. .Feb. i, 1867 JMiTCHELL, Harvey J.. .Feb. 26,1869 Mitchell, Henry F... April 18, 1896 ♦Mitchell, James E. .. .May 12,1871 Mitchell, James E. . . . Sept. 24, 1880 fMiTCHELL, James T Feb. 13.1864 JMiTCHELL, John C Feb. 11,1863 JMiTCHELL, John M July 13, 1863 Date of Name. Ad.mission. fMiTCHELL, John N May 30, 1865 ♦Mitchell, Jonathan B.May 11,1865 fMiTCHELL, Joseph G. . .Feb. 11,1863 fMiTCHELL, J. Howard. June 21, 1865 ♦Mitchell, N. Chap-/ Oct. 31,1867 man \ Jan. 16, 1882 fMiTCHELL, S. Augustus Mar. 4,1863 fMiTCHELL, Thomas. . . .June 7, 1865 fMiTCHELL, Walter. . . .June 7, 1866 Mitchell, Wilson. . . .Nov. 13, 1896 fMiTCHELL, W. A Mar. 6,1863 fMoCKRIDGE, E. T April 23, 1872 fMoFFLY, John W June 16, 1865 Mohr, J. Jacob Oct. 23,1884 MoHR, James N Sept. 2, 1884 MoLAND, Wm. N Mar. 23, 1897 f Money, Joseph S Nov. 8, 1864 fMoNGES, Gordon Dec. 9,1864 ♦Monroe, John T Jan. 28, 1890 fMoNTGOMERY, ALEXAN- DER Sept. 24, 1866 fMoNTGOMERY, James B.Jan. 20, 1866 Montgomery, Wm. B..Nov. ii, 1897 fMooDY, Carlton M Feb. 16,1883 Moon, Harold P June 14, 1899 ♦Moon, Samuel S Feb. 28, 186^ Moore, Alfred F Dec. 8, 1884 Moore, Arthur Dec. 13,1886 ♦Moore, A. M Sept. 24, 1866 ♦Moore, Bloomfield H.Jan. 9, 1863 f Moore, Carlton R. . . .Mar. 30, 1863 fMooRE, Charles H Feb. 12,1885 Moore, Edward J Feb. 11,1892 Moore, m.d., Edward K Sept. 21, 1897 f Moore, George H Feb. 26, 1863 fMooRE, Henry C May 17, 1865 Moore, Henry C Oct. 11,1894 fMooRE, Henry D Jan. 9,1863 Moore, Henry W Feb. 17, 1890 ♦Moore, James S Nov. 11, 1884 ♦Moore, John M Feb. 10, 1887 Moore, John W Nov. 30, 1894 f Moore, Joseph May 19, 1865 Moore, Jr., Joseph. . .Oct. 2, 1875 Moore, J. Hampton. . .July 16,1897 Moore, L.W Mar. 19,1898 ^ -i^ f Mar. 2, 1863 f Moore, Oscar F \Ye\,. 11,1873 Moore, Jr., Samuel. . .Aug. 13, 1897 ♦Moore, Thomas Oct. 25,1866 f Moore, Thomas H Jan. 10, 1863 5°3 The Union League of Philadelphia Moore, Ziba T moorhead, j. b moorhead, j. k MoORHEAD, W. E MoORHEAD, W. G Morehouse, m.d., Geo. R *MoREY, John D fMoRGAN, Jr.,Chas. E. . Morgan, Jr., Chas. E. . ♦Morgan, David \ Morgan, George P. . . . Morgan, John B tMoRGAN, J. B ♦Morgan, Theodore M. MoRRELL, Edward. . . . ♦MoRRELL, Daniel J. . . . Morris, A. G JMoRRis, Effingham B. *Morris, E. Joy tMoRRis, Fred'k W t Morris, Galloway C. . Morris, Henry G tMoRRis, Henry fMoRRis, Israel Morris, Israel W fMoRRis, Jr., Israel W. ♦Morris, James T Morris, John T tMoRRis, Jr., J.Cheston ♦Morris, Richard H. . . . ♦Morris, Stephen tMoRRis, Theodore H. . fMoRRis, Thomas B JMoRRis, Wade H Morris, Walter B fMoRRis, William J. . . . t Morrison, James F. . . . Morrison, John W. . . . tMoRRisoN, Jr., W. H. . . t Morse, Charles W. . . . Morse, Edwin F Morse, Henry G Mortimoore, Charles . ♦Morton, A. N Morton, John I fMoRTON, Robert P. . . . ♦Morton, Samuel C. . . . Morton, M.D. , Thomas f George . .• \ tMoss, Frank Date of Admission. Sept. 24 , 1896 Jan. 10 i86,s Feb. IQ 1866 April P 1863 April 9 ,1863 Mar. P 1864 Feb. 22 1873 April I 1872 Sept. 8 i8q7 June 20 1865 June 14 1889 Oct. 18 1884 Feb. 2 1891 'an. 6 i«7.S May- 12 1866 Dec. 12 1892 May 19 1869 Jan. 19 i8q7 Nov. 16 1888 Oct. SI 1871 Feb. 2=; 1863 April 29 1865 Feb. 14 1863 Dec. 2^ 1882 Feb. 24 1863 Oct. 16, 1901 May 26 1865 Jan. 12 1866 Dec. 16 187s Dec. 12 1884 Feb. I 1890 Jan. 22 1863 Feb. 2^ 1863 Feb. 20 1871 July ,s 186,^ May 9 1888 May 16 1865 June 21 187^ June Mar. 5 1897 10 187s Aug. 2-; 1866 Oct. 14 1897 Dec. 17 1S97 Dec. 10 1894 Mar. I"; 1877 Feb. 2 1900 Dec. 6 1864 Feb. 2,S 1863 Nov, 22 1864 April M 1882 Mar. 5 1864 Name. Date of Admission. tMoss, Isaac M Feb. 12 tMoss, Jr., John { Jf^"^; "| ♦Moss, Joseph L Jan. 27 tMoss, LuciEN Mar. 18^ MoTT, Abram C June 20 MoTT, Richard Dec. 12 tMoTT, Thomas Jan. 14 MouLTON, Byron P. . . .Jan. 4 tMouNT, C. B Jan. 15 ♦MoYER, Edward P Feb. 28, tMoYER, J. M Mar. 10 Muir, William Feb. 11 ♦MuiRHEiD, Chas. H. ...Feb. 27 ♦MuiRHEiD, Henry P. . .Oct. 19 MuLFORD, Spencer K. .Mar. 4 tMuLLEN, James H July 14 JMuLLER, George K. . . .Aug. 8, tMuLLiKiN, Charles . . .May 13 JMuLLiN, G. K Jan. 25 ♦MuLLiN, G. W I ?®^- S I. J an. 1 1 Mumford, J. P Dec. 8 tMuNROE, Wm. H April 2 ♦MuRPHEY, John A Jan. 10 ♦Murphy, Alexander. .June 22 ♦Murphy, Charles S. ..Oct. 6 ♦Murphy, Francis W. . .Oct. 6 tMuRPHY, William .... June i tMuRRAY, John B May 6 Murray, Thomas R. . | ^|^- ^° MusGROVB, T. C Dec. 22 Musselman, Clarence A Jan. II MussBR, J. H May 7 ♦Musser, M.D., M. B.. . .Nov. 29 tMuzzEY, William M.. .Jan. 27 JMyer, E. Reed Feb. 25 Myers, E. B. Showell. Dec. 15 Myers, George H Feb. 15 ♦Myers, John B Jan. 8 ♦Myers, John B Mar. 11 Myers, John B April 30 ♦Myers, Joseph B Jan. 10 tMYERS, Leonard Mar. 20 1863 1864 1881 1865 1865 1884 1892 1863 1888 1863 1863 1870 1892 1863 1866 1901 1865 1876 1871 1883 1873 1883 1887 1863 1863 i86s 1865 1865 1863 1865 1884 1892 1879 1900 1894 1882 1864 1863 1897 1896 1863 1880 1896 1863 1863 tNAGLE, George F Aug. 2, 1865 tNASSAu, William H. . Mar. 13, 1863 ♦Naylor, Jacob Mar. 14, 1864 Naylor, John S Jan. 16, 1897 504 The Officers and Members Name. Neal, R. C •Neal, William Nball, Daniel Neall, Frank L tNEALL, Wm. M t Needles, Caleb H. . . . Needles, Jr., Caleb H. ..... *Needi-es, Edward.... tNEEDLBS, E. M *Neff, M.D., Charles. . . ■j-Neff, Harmanus JNepf, M.D., Joseph S. . INeilson, Jr., R JNeilson, Thomas Nbilson, Wm. G tNELL, Henry D fNEUMANN, Joseph.... Nevil, George W Nevil, Jr., Joseph. . . . tNEviN, Jr., Edwin H. . . INevin, Samuel t Nevin, Wm. C ♦Nevin, Wm. Wilber- Date of Admission. Name. Date of Admission. force ♦Nevins, James tNEWBOLD, ClEAYTON. t Newbold, James L. . . tNEWBOLD, John S. . . . INewbold, Wm. A INewhall, Gilbert H. Newhall, H. L ■ 'Newhall, Thomas A. . fNEwiTT, Harvey K. . . ♦Newkirk, Matthew. *Newkumet, John. . . . t Newport, John E. . . . JNewton, Charles C. . t Nichols, Egbert K. . . ♦Nichols, Jeremiah.. Nicholson, Edgar W. fNicHOLSON, Jr., Wm. . Nicholson, Wm. R. . . fNlCKERSON, N. J tNicoLLS, Gustavus a. tNicoLLS, Jasper O.. . tNlCOLLS, W. J Nimlet, David C Nixon, W. H tNoBLE, Jr., Charles. tNoBLiT, Dell JNoBLiT, John Nov. 21 April 1 6 April 4 Sept. 15 April 23 Feb. 14 June 21 Dec. 15 .May 27 . July 2 1 ,May 1 .Oct. 22 Aug. 19 .Feb. 12 .April 20 .Oct. 29 .Sept. 29 .June 23 .June 23 .Feb. 12 .July I .June 20 •June 20 .May 23 .Sept. 18 .May II .Jan. 9 .Feb. 23 .Mar. 17 .May 20 • Jan. 13 .Oct. 15 .May 25 . May 2 2 .Oct. 5 .Nov. 14 .Jan. 18 .Oct. 13 .July 8 .Dec. 31 .Mar. 26 .Mar. 15 .Dec. 4 . April 4 .Mar. 13 .Nov. 19 .Oct. 18 .Oct. 28 , June 30 .June 30 1888 1863 1863 1866 1881 1863 1882 1882 1867 1865 1863 1881 1863 1868 1888 1868 1868 1896 1896 1878 1869 1867 1867 1865 1869 1865 1863 1864 1863 1887 1863 1897 1865 1864 1866 1887 1868 1864 1901 1869 1896 1869 1865 1892 1890 1897 1884 1865 1863 1863 *Norris, Alex. Wilson July 23, 1897 ♦NoRRis, A. Wilson. . . .Nov. 28, 1872 *Norris, Charles Jan. 10,1863 NoRRis, Jr., Charles. .Dec. 6, 1864 NoRRis, Charles C. ...Feb. 11, 1873 NoRRis, E. Edmund. . .July 12, 1865 "Norris, M.D., Geo. W. .Jan. 9, 1863 ■'NoRRis, Jr., Thaddeus Mar. 22, 1871 *N0RTH, Edwin { ^^^^ ^; ^«g tNoRTH, George H...{J-; ^7. x866 tN0HTH,WM.F {1:^^:^^,1870 Norton, CHARLES D.{f-|-°;jf38 ♦Norton, Charles F...Feb. 23, 1863 tNuNES, Joseph A Feb. 28,1868 JNystrom, John Wm. . . .Sept. 21, 1865 tOAKFORD, Wm. H Jan. 3 Obbr, Thomas K | 4|^ ^^ tO'BRiBN, Dennis W... April 27 JO'Brien, John May 20 Oellers, Richard G. . .May 19 Ogden, B. E July 25 fOoDEN, Charles S Nov. 30 tOoDEN, Edward H. ...Feb. 13 *Ogden, F. Perot Oct. 14 Ogden, J. Herbert . . .Oct. 12 *Ogden, Middleton. . . .Sept. 10 Ogden, Robert C Dec. 9 Ogelsby, Jr., Wm. P. . .Nov. 12 fOoLE, Charles S May 9 fOKiE, J. Brognard . . .May 7 fOLEGAR, D. W April I 2 JOnderdonk, Charles S Sept. 14 fONDERDONK, Geo. V. . .Dec. 15 JOnderdonk, John P.. .April 15 fO'NEiLL, Charles Feb. 9 *0'Neill, Charles Jan. 6 fO'NEiLL, Thomas Jan. i *Oram, Henry C Feb. 13 fORME, Charles E July 13 fORME, George R Nov. 11 fOpNE, Jr., Benjamin. .Dec. 28 JOrne, Edward B May 13 *Orne, James H Jan. 14 1881 1871 1880 186s 1865 1897 1890 1864 1885 1880 1901 1879 1887 1898 1876 1863 1873 1883 1883 1869 1863 1865 1866 1866 1870 1870 1864 1865 1863 50s The Union League of Philadelphia Date of Date of Admission. Name. Admission. Jan. 21, 1863 fPARRisH, James Cres- Dec. 7, 1880 SON May 19, 1865 Sept. 17, 1866 fPARRiSH, Joseph Feb. 12,1869 Dec. 9, 1872 IParrish, Jr., Robert Dec. 15,1879 A Oct. 8,1864 Oct. 13, 1881 IParrish, Thomas C Oct, 30, 1868 Oct. 13,1880 *p.RRv CharlfsT fMay 12,1865 Feb. 19,1873 i'ARRY, Lharles i . . . I pgg 20,1879 Sept. 22, 1880 *Parry, W. A Oct. 1,1883 Feb. 14,1895 Parsons, Alonzo R. ... Sept. 8,1897 Dec. 16, 1872 Parsons, John B Mar. 12, 1885 Dec. 16,1872 fPARTRiDGE, C. D July 7,1870 Feb. 15, 1883 Parvin, Thomas S June 15, 1892 Nov. 13, 1890 Passmore, John A. M. .Dec. 10, 1894 Sept. 17, 1866 JPassmore, Lincoln K. Jan. 11, 1883 *P— N.WM &,.\fi,\ fPATTEN, W. Henry. .. .July 17,1865 1863 *Patterson, Abraham 1872 S Mar. 12, 1880 1865 Patterson, C. Stuart. Mar. 10, 1892 1880 Patterson, Frank T. .Feb. 14, 1884 1865 Patterson, George 1897 Stuart Oct. 5, 1898 ,c»„ *Patterson,HenryC. i 4 ,1' ,Qa„ 1079 ' IJan. 19, 1802 1872 Patterson, Henry L. .Oct. 16, 1886 1865 Patterson, James W. .Jan. 16, 1896 1863 *Patterson, Joseph. {>^- 12! isjs 1872 Patterson, Joseph. . .Mar. 23,1864 1897 fPATTERSON, J. N May 10,1866 1865 *Patterson, Joseph 1865 Storm May 12, 1881 1863 fPATTERSON, Robert ... Feb. 9,1863 1865 Patterson, Theo. Cuy- 1866 LER June 6, 1892 l88g fPATTERSON, Theodore 1865 F Feb. 7, 1871 1896 Patterson, Wm. Hous- 1868 TON Nov. 24, 1897 1863 Patton, a. E. ..... .Jan. 13, 1900 1876 Patton, J. Lee June 12, 1896 1872 Patton, Price J Oct. 23, 1900 1865 Patton, Wm. A Sept. 16, 1892 1873 f Paul, David B Oct. 31,1866 1865 fPAUL, Edwin B Jan. 11, 1873 1868 f Paul, Frank W May 12,1865 1863 Paul, Henry S Mar. 10,1892 1888 f Paul, M.D., James Feb. 1,1865 1872 f Paul, James Marshall April 8,1863 1883 fPAUL, James W Jan. 8, 1863 506 *Orne, John F \ fORR, John R f Orr, Robert L \ fOsBouRN, Thomas R. . . f OsLER, Joseph L f Ostheimer, a. J \ Ostheimer, Alfred J. , f Ostheimer, George R. {Ostheimer, Wm. J. . . -^ *Otto, Charles W fOwEN, Joshua T fPACKARD, Frederick A fPACKARD, John H *Page, Charles F fPAGE, Charles Henry. fPAGE, M.D., Edward A. Page, Harlan *Page, Joseph F \ fPAGE, Jr., Joseph F. . . . ♦Painter, William. . . . Paist, Henry M f Palmer, B. Frank. . . . f Palmer, George W. . . Palmer, Henry f Palmer, Jonathan. . . . *Pancoast, Albert. . , . *Pancoast, Charles S. , f Pancoast, Nathan F. , fPANCOAST, Richard... *Pancoast, m.d.,Wm. H, f Pardee, A Pardee, Calvin fPARK, W. K f Parker, George A. . , . f Parker, George W. . . fPARKER, Isaac B f Parker, John B fPARRiSH, Alfred fPARRisH, Charles.. *Parrish, George D. fPARRiSH, George H. fPARRiSH, Harden. . . Feb. 9 July 8 April 15 Nov. 5 April 19 July 8 Feb. 4 Jan. 14 June 18 Jan. 7 Aug. 13 July 8 July 20 April 1 7 May 26 Aug. 16 Jan. 10 May II Mar. 19 Oct. 10 June 30, April 3 o Oct. 31 Jan. 10 Feb. 21 May 25 Aug. 4 Jan. 25 July 12 Nov. 10 Jan. 30 Mar. 30 Jan. II Oct. 10 The Officers and Members Date of Name. Admission. Paul, Jr., James W. .. .Feb. 9 tPAUL, M.D., J. Rodman. Feb. 10 *Paul, Samuel W Jan. 4 fPAUL, William W Mar. 5 Paulding, Tatnall. . .Dec. 2 tPAXON, Edward E. ...Dec. 20 JPaxson, Edward M. .. .Jan. 13 IPaxson, Frederick. . .May 14 Paxson, Henry D June 12 ♦Paxson, Joseph A Oct. 11 Paxson, Mahlon B. .. .Mar. 12 *Paxson, Richard July 20 fPAXsoN, William Oct. 27 JPaxton, James W Oct. 25 IPaxton, John W Jan. 30 *Paxton, Joseph R Feb. 14 Payne, George F Jan. 22 ■fPEABODY, R. Single- ton Jan. 2 fPEACocK, Gibson Jan. 10 *Peale, Franklin Mar. 16 tPEALE, Jr., Harry. . . .Dec. 6 Pearce, Alfred Jan. 2 Pbarce, John W Dec. 6 Pearce, Thomas A. . . . Dec. 8 Pearson, Davis Jan. 3 Pearson, Frank Dec. 7 tPEASE, William K June 14 *Peaslee, Charles S. ..Aug. 8 Peck, Charles R June 22 tPEEL, Emerson W Aug. 21 fPBiPER, M. G Jan. 2 Peirce, Harold April 12 Peltz, Richard Mar. 17 Peltz, Samuel Feb. 16 Pendleton, Franics E.May 26 tPENiNGTON, Jr., Ed- ward May 1 2 tPENiNGTON, Morris \ M^r 10 Pennewill, Walton. .Aug. 4 tPENNINGTON, RoBERT H May 18 Pennock, Abraham L. .Sept. 29 tPENNOCK, Charles E.. April 21 JPennock, I. Sellers. .Oct. 20 Pennock, E. Eldridge Feb. 1 Pennock, Joseph E.. . .Feb. 6 tPENNOCK, Joseph L. . . .April 21 Pennypacker, Samuel W Mar. 6 Penrose, Boies Sept. 2 1898 1863 1865 1863 1889 1886 1864 1864 1896 1882 1897 1866 1868 1867 1872 1866 1896 1885 1863 1866 1898 1880 1887 1883 1880 1887 1872 1865 1899 1868 1873 1894 1866 1893 1865 1865 1884 1885 1896 1866 1885 1865 1871 i8go 1890 1865 1890 1884 Name. IPenrose, Charles. . . . *Peneose, John R fPENROSE, PlERSON M. . . fPBNROSE, William. . . . *Pepper, Frederick S. . *Pfpper, George S *PepPER, M.D., L. S tPERCIVAL, F. C *Perelli, Natale tPERKiNS, Abraham R. . IPerkins, Jr., A. R IPerkins, Jr., B JPerkins, Edward L. . . Perkins, m.d., Fran- cis M ♦Perkins, Henry tPERKINS, H. A Perkins, Samuel C. . . . IPerkins, Samuel H. . . fPEROT, Effingham. . . . *Perot, Elliston fPEROT, Joseph S Perot, T. Morris Perot, Jr., T. Morris. Perot, Jr., Wm. S Perrine, Wm ♦Perry, F. W ♦Perry, William G Peters, Jacob M Peterson, Charles E. . fPETERsoN, Charles J. . fPETERSON, C. Lehman. fPETERSON, Israel fPETERSON, Nathan S. . ♦Peterson, Pearson S. . fPETERSON, Richard. . . fPETERSON, T. B ■! f Pettit, Henry Pettit, Horace JPettit, d.d.s., Joseph . Pettit, Silas W f Pettit, William Pfahler, Alfred E. . . Pfahler, Wm. H f Philler, George f Phillips, A. F ♦Phillips, Charles C. . . f Phillips, Fleming S. . . Phillips, Henry C. . . . Phillips, Howard M. . f Phillips, Manuel N. . . Date of Admission. April 6 1863 Mar. 17 1863 Tulv 14 1865 Sept. 24 1866 Mar. 16 1863 April 14 1865 Feb. 18O3 Feb. 22 1872 Oct. 8 1864 Feb. 17 1863 Oct. q 1868 Feb. 17 1870 May = 3 1865 Sept. 14 1883 May IQ 1 8b 3 April 14 1873 Feb. 16 1863 May 21 1863 Aug. 1864 June I 1864 Sept. 14 1866 Sept. 10 1864 Aug. 12 1897 Jan. 27 1897 Dec. 22 1900 April 14 1890 Feb. 1=; 1871 April .■; 1884 Sept. 18 1897 Jan. 8 I8b3 Sept. IQ 1881 Feb. 2=; 1863 April 21 1865 Feb. 26 1863 Mar. II 1863 lulv 12 1865 April 12 1881 |u!v I 1871 luly 27 , 1889 .Feb. 10 , 1883 Oct. 21 1870 July 12 1864 Nov. 18 1899 Nov. 14 1896 April 28 1865 Dec. i'^ 1870 May 22 , 1884 Dec. 3 1869 Mar. 21 1899 Feb. 17 1899 July 3 1865 5°7 The Union League of Philadelphia Date of Admission. Phillips, M. W July iS ♦Phillips, Samuel R. ..Feb. 13 Phillips, T. Bennett. Mar. 15 tPHipps, Ellis P Feb. 12 Physick, M.D., Emlen. .Dec. 15 ♦Pickering, Charles W.April 16 tPiERCE, William L. . . .Feb. 17 fPiERCE, William S. ...May 2 PiERiE, George G Nov. 16 PiERSOL, m.d.,Geo. A. . .Mar. 12 ■fPiGOTT, H. Herbert. .Oct. 19 Pike, Charles E Jan. 23 *PiLE, William H Jtrne 22 ♦Pilling, John Mar. 9 Pilling, Robert Jan. 14 Pinkerton, John J.. . .Mar. 13 Pintard, Henry Al- exis July 17 ♦Piper, John G Feb. 16 Pitcairn, Robert. . . .Jan. 2 tPLATT, George Oct. 12 JPleasants, Edward. .April 14 ♦Plitt, George April 26 fPLUMB, C. E April 19 Plumb, Fayette R. .. .Jan. 8 fPoLLOCK, James Jan. 20 Pollock, James April 20 ♦Pollock, William J.. .May 29 ♦PoLsz, William F Jan. 20 fPoMEROY, John M Feb. .i Pomeroy, Richard S. .Nov. 14 Poole, Charles P Mar. 7 fPoRTER, Charles A. . .Feb. 17 Porter, Charles A. . .Dec 11 Porter, Jr. .Charles A. Oct. 19 Porter, Clarence E. .Sept. 10 ♦Porter, Daniel May 15 fPoRTER, Henry Dec. 7 fPoRTER, J. L Sept. 28, fPoRTER, Robert P. ...Nov. 11 fPoRTER, Thomas A. . . .Jan. 13 fPoRTER, William G. . . . Oct. 7 Porter, m.d., Jr., Wil- liam G May 20 Porter, Wm. W Nov. 12 §Porterfield, J. C Mar. 15 Posey, m.d. , Louis P. . .Oct. 10 Posey, m.d., (Wm. Camp- bell Aug. 14 Post, Augustus T July 7 tPoTTER, Alfred R. . . / ^^^ ^5 1897 1863 1884 1869 1886 1866 1870 1863 1882 1898 1897 1897 1865 1883 1897 1869 1865 1883 1888 1866 1865 1865 1874 1876 1863 1880 1863 1873 1864 1896 1898 1873 1891 1897 1897 1884 1872 1888 1884 1872 186s 1872 i88s 1865 1888 1899 1897 1863 1868 Date of Name. Admission. Potter, C. A June 15, 1883 fPoTTER, Charles S. . . .Dec. 9, 1872 Potter, Henry A Mar. 20, 1896 f Potter, Henry C Sept. 7, 1872 fPoTTER, Philip J Nov. 23, 1870 fPoTTER, Thomas Mar. 11, 1863 Potter, Jr., Thomas. .Sept. 24, 1880 Potter, William Mar. 10, 1881 JPotts, Charles W. . . .Feb. 16, 1883 Potts, Francis L April 13, 1899 Potts, Franklin M. . . . Dec. 7, 1893 Potts, Horace T Nov. 19, 1897 tPoTTS, Howard N Mar. 7, 1873 ♦Potts, Joseph D Jan. 17, 1880 ♦PoTTS, Thomas J Feb. 28, 1863 ♦Potts, T. Ellwood. . . .June 15, 1896 tPoTTS, William P Mar. 7, 1863 tPo— -C.G {IZ.WX tPouLSON, Erastus. . . .Jan. 22,1873 fPoULTERER, Edwin F. .Oct. 4, 1864 fPoULTERBR, WiLLIAM . .Jan. 20, 1873 fPoULTNEY, Chas. W. . . Feb. 14, 1863 fPoWEL, MiLTON Jan. 29, 1885 fPowEL, Samuel Oct. 12, 1864 Powell, W. BLEDDYN.May 13, 1897 Pratt, D. T Mar. 10, 1873 tPRATT, Dundas T Feb. 23, 1863 JPratt, Edmund April 15, 1863 Pratt, James D Feb. 15, 1890 ♦Pratt, Joseph T Oct. 5, 1869 tPREAUT, Henry Jan. 12,1863 IPrevost, Chas. M July 26, 1866 Price, Edward A Jan. 13, 1894 tPRiCE, Harry W July 14, 1871 fPRiCE, Isaac C April 27, 1865 fPRiCE, Joseph Jan. 24, 1867 fPRiCE, J. Sergeant. . . .Mar. 7, 1863 tPRicE, R. Newton. . | ?^P^- ^4. 1872 I Jan. 14, 1879 tPRicE, Stephen S Feb. 24, 1863 JPrice, Thomas C July 10, 1863 fPRiCE, Thomas W Oct. 29, 1864 Price, Jr., William G. Jan. 31, 1900 tPRiESTLEY, Alexander Mar. 9, 1863 Prizer, Harry A Feb. 12, 1898 jProsser, Edgar C May 11,1865 Prosser, Thomas B. .. .Mar. 14,1901 PuGH, Charles E April 21, 1883 PuGH, Wm. R May 19, 1884 tPuRDON, John G Mar. 20, 1863 fPuRVES, Alexander. .July 8, 1863 508 The Officers and Members Namk. Date of Admission. PuRVES, Alexander. .Dec. 6,1890 PuRVES, Austin M Jan. 14, 1892 *PusEY, Ellwood T Oct. 27, 1864 PusEY, Fred Taylor. .April 29, 1899 PusEY, Howard Jan. 11,1883 PusEY, W. W Jan. :., 1888 *Pylb, Frank Dec. 12, 1887 Quay, Richard R July 18, 1894 tQuiNTARD, E. A Feb. 21,1863 tRAFSNYDER, Edwin . . . June 13 IRain, Samuel April 25 tRALSTON, Francis W. .Jan. 27 •J-Ralston, Lewis W. . . .Dec. 9 Ralston, Robert Oct. 30 Rambo, Wm. B Nov. 9 Ramsay, Wm. Howard Feb. 8 tRAMSEY, Milne July 22 Ramsey, Wm. H Jan. 17 tRAND, Abraham W. . . .Nov. 15 ♦Randolph, Evan Jan. 30 *Ranney, Charles H...Jan. 17 tRANSLEY, Robert H. . .Nov. 24 ■J-Raser, W. H Dec. 9 Rasin, Mifflin Feb. 1 7 tRASiN, Warner M June 3 •[Rathbun, R. N Feb. 17 *Rathbun, Robert P.. .April 22 tRAWLE, Henry Jan. 16 Rawle, Francis Dec. 11 tRAWLE, Wm. Henry. . .Jan. 8 Raymond, Henry W. . . Nov. 2 1 tRAYMOND, J. E Jan. 1 Read, Frank Nov. 21 Read, Jacob L June 11 ♦Read, John M Juljr i ♦Read, M.D., L. W April 15 fREADiNG, John G Dec. 18 Reading, m.d., J. Her- bert Jan. 10 Reading,'m.d., Thomas. Nov. 22 tRsAKiRT, Edwin L....Feb. 27 tREAKiRT, Tryon Feb. 24 •J-Rbaney, W. B April 4 JRedfield, John H Jan. 19 ■J-Redner, Louis H June 3 Reed, M.D. , Boardman. May 17 ♦Reed, Charles D Feb. 12 ♦Reed, Henry H Dec. 12 1863 1871 1863 1868 1897 1886 1900 1872 1896 1866 1863 1883 1866 1872 1899 1863 1863 1892 1882 1890 1863 1887 1873 1899 1897 1865 1878 1872 1900 1900 1863 1869 1863 1863 1863 igoo 1866 1864 Date of Name. Admission. IRebd, James Oct. 25, 1888 Reed, James H June 20, 1901 Reed, Joseph P June 21, 1883 ♦Reed, Robert May 27, 1863 fREED, Robert S July 17, 1863 ♦Reed, m.d., Thomas S. .May 12,1870 fREED, William S Mar. 8, 1892 Reeder, Wilbur F.. . .Feb. 12,1896 tREES, H. E Sept. 19, 1871 ♦Reeves, Alfred S Jan. 2, 1897 fREEVEs, C. H Jan. 1, 1873 JReeves, Isaac Cooper. July 13,1865 Reeves, John M Dec. 20, 1882 Reeves, m.d., Joseph M May 12, 1890 IReeves, Louis Feb. 14,1865 Reeves, Paul S Feb. 22,1890 fREEVES, Samuel J Jan. 10,1863 Reeves, Samuel K. . . .Jan. i, 1898 Reeves, Stacy May 19,1891 fREGER, A. P Oct. 14, 1875 fREGER, M.D. .C.Albert. Dec. 8,1888 Register, Albert Lay- ton April 14, 1899 fREGisTER, H. C April 10, 1873 Register, L LAYTON..Mar. 14, 1896 fREGisTER, J. Layton. .Jan. 31, 1873 IRehn, W. L Jan. 8,1863 JReiff, Josiah C Feb. 15, 1866 Reifsnyder, Howard. April 29, 1892 Reilly, Thomas A April 17, 1897 fREiMER, B. F Feb. 14, 1863 fREiMER, W. G June 1,1885 fRELF, Chas. P Feb. 16, 1863 tRsMINGTON, PyM. . . . NoV. 12, 1884 IRemsen, George. . . .April 6, 1864 tP..EMSEN, Jr., George. .Jan. 24, 1873 Rennyson, Wm Jan. 10, 18S8 fREPPLiER, H. P Nov. 12, 1S70 ♦Revere, Frederick B. Feb. 17, 1871 Rex, Alfred C Dec. 22, 1885 Rex, John B. S Sept. 11, 1897 Rex, Oliver P Sept. 11, 1897 Rex, W^alter E Nov. ^, 1897 ♦Rexsamer, George W.Jan. 21, 1870 Reyburn, John E Feb. 15,1873 ♦Reyburn, Wm. S Feb. 15,1873 Reynolds, George. . .Aug. 30,1900 fREYi^oLDS, Thompson. Feb. 17, 1863 •J-Rhawn, W. H Oct. 10, 1868 Rhoads, Joseph R. . . .Nov. 20, 1895 fRHODES, Charles M. . .Aug. 13, 1868 509 The Union League of Philadelphia Date of Name. Admission. *RhODES, CoURTLANDT.Mar. 4, 1890 fRHODES, Frank H Feb. 15,1890 Rhodes, James M April 16, 1885 fRHODES, Thomas Jiily 18, 1865 fRHODES, Wm Mar. 14, 1888 RiANHARD, C. C Jan. 17, 1896 fRicE, George Mar. 16,1863 Rice, George Oct. 29, 1888 fRiCE, John Feb. 9, 1863 *RiCE, Lewis May 3, 1897 fRicHARDS, Benjamin W Jan. 28, 1865 fRicHARDS, Charles E. Feb. 5, 1866 f Richards, C. Austin. .June 15, 1865 f Richards, Horace E..A'ug. 6, 1883 f Richards, Howard. . .April 10, 1863 f Richards, M. Dawson. April 29, 1865 fRicHARDS, Robert. . . .Jan. 4, 1865 f Richards, S. Bartram. Mar. 9,1887 Richards, Thomas M.. April 18, 1882 f Richardson, Charles. Dec. 2, 1863 f Richardson, Chas. { Sep^t' 14, 1866 Richardson, Charles B Mar. 15, 1884 f Richardson, George J.Oct. 27,1864 f Richardson, m.d., J. P. Mar. 3, 1873 *Richardson, William . Feb. 4, 1863 f Richardson, William. Oct. 16, 1882 f Richardson, W. H. . . .April 14, 1873 fRicHi:, Geo. Inman. . . .Oct. 10,1864 f Riddle, James W Sept. 14, 1866 Ridge, Joseph B Feb. 13, 1895 fRiDGWAY, Jr., John /Dec. 20,1864 J I Jan. 8, 1878 fRiDGWAY, Thomas. . . .June 25, 1864 fRiDGWAY, M.D., T. Ed- win 1?"® "^' ^^^S Ridings, Horace S. . . .Dec. 5, 1891 *Ridpath, Samuel May 17, 1897 Riebenack, Henry G. .May 14, 1897 JRiebenack, Max Nov. 15, 1883 Riebenack, Jr., Max. .May 14, 1897 f Riegel, A. B June 12, 1882 *Riegel, Jacob Jan. 26, 1865 f Riegel, John Feb. 25,1873 f Riegel, Josiah Dec. 11, 1865 Riehl^, Fred'k a April 13, 1893 fRiFE, Henry J Aug. 21, 1868 fRiGGs, J. Morton Oct. 22,1885 Righter, Thomas M. . .Jan. 23,1897 f Riley, Charles S Feb. 23, 1873 510 Name. Riley, Henry C Riley, James f Riley, John M Riley, John T Riley, William B Ringwalt, John L. . . . f RiPKA, Andrew A RisLEY, m. D. , Samuel D. f Ritchie, Craig D ♦Ritchie, Maxwell H. . RiTER, Frank M RiTTENHOUSE, HbNRY N f RiTTENHOUSE, JOHN S. . *Ritter, Abraham ■ ■ .\ RiTTER, A. Howard . . . fRiTTER, J. Rush f RiVINUS, M.D., E. F. . . . *RoACH, Joseph H f Roberts, Albert C. . . . ♦Roberts, Algernon S. Roberts, A. S fRoBERTS, Charles. . . . ♦Roberts, Edward. . . . f Roberts, Jr., Edward. Roberts, Frank C. . . . f Roberts, Frank H. . . . f Roberts, George H. . . Roberts, Harry C. . . . f Roberts, H. Oscar... Roberts, Israel Roberts, John Roberts, John Roberts, m.d., John B. f Roberts, Percival... f Roberts, Thomas f Robeson, Charles G. . f Robeson, George M. . . ♦Robinson, Hanson... f Robinson, John N Robinson, Joseph B. . . JRobinson, Joseph W. Robinson, Robert E. Robinson, Wm. M f Robinson, m.d., Wm.T. §RoBisoN, Robert I. . . . fRocKHiLL, John C fRocKHiLL, Joseph B.. . Rodgers, James ♦Rodgers, James B f Rodney, J. Duval. . . . Date of Admission. July 14 Nov. 29 Mar. 21 Dec. 7 April 20 Aug. 15 July 24 Jan. 16 Feb. 6 July 9: April I Jan. IS • Sept. 14 Feb. 25 Oct. 23 Oct. 16 June 3 Mar. 21 Mar. 19 June 20 Feb. 27 July 27 Feb. 14 Jan. 31 April 7 Jan. 31 Oct. 9 Mar. 28 May 19 Jan. 18 Feb. 7 Jan. 9 Nov. 29 Jan. 1 2 April 6 Feb July 3 Feb. 9 Mar. 28 Oct. 24 Feb. 13 Feb. 17 Jan. 12 Dec. 8 Feb. 19 Jan. 12 Jiily 27 June 17 June 14 May 19 June 15 1896 1882 1863 1889 1892 1897 1865 1897 1863 1892 1897 1887 1880 1863 1882 1891 1865 1866 1863 1865 1863 1872 1872 1866 1863 1899 1868 1863 1884 1868 1891 1883 1889 1901 1863 1865 1865 1863 1863 1865 1892 1882 1898 1879 1881 1870 1866 1865 1901 1868 1865 The Officers and Members Name. fRoE, M.D., Joseph B.. . RoELOFS, Henry H.. \ Rogers, Charles R. . . ♦Rogers, Evans ■Rogers, Fairman ■Rogers, Frank G ■■Rogers, George H. . . . Rogers, Harry Rogers, Joseph M. . . . tRoGERS, M. Edward. . . ♦Rogers, m.d., Robert E ♦Rogers, Theodore... tRoGERS, Jr., W. B ♦Rogers, Wm. D Rohrman, Joseph B. . . RoLiN, Harry M ♦RoLiN, Wm. a tROLLINS, E. A Rommel, J. Martin. . . Rommel, Lewis A RoNEY, Wm. J tRooD. Henry E Root, d.d.s., George F tRooT, Thomas S t Rorer, James M ♦Rorke, Allen B Rorke, Jr., Allen B. . . Rosenberger, Emil. . . tRoSENCRANTZ, JOHN . . . Rosengarten, F. H. . . tRoSENGARTEN, G. D. . . tRoSENGARTEN, HaRRY B tRoSENGARTEN, JOSEPH G ♦Rosengarten, M. G. . . fRoSS, SOBIESKI Rossmassler, Richard RoTAN, Isaac F ROTAN, S. P tRoTHERMEL, P. F. . . . ■< ROTHERMEL, P. F tRoTHERMEL, ReUBEN. . ♦Rothermel, Samuel H Rowland, Benjamin.. Rowland, Charles . . . Rowland, Edwin S. . . . Date of Admission. July 1 8: Jan. lo July 8 Mar. 23 Jan. 10 Jan. 8, Dec. 10 Feb. 6, Jtdy 12 Jan. 27 Feb. 23 May 28 July I o May 13 Feb. 18 June 2 Mar. 15 July, 3 April 12 Aug. 9 Aug. 13 July 9 Nov. ig May 17 April 24 Mar. 8 Feb. 13 May 22 May 31 July 24 July 20 Mar. 30 Feb. 26 Jan. 29 Nov. 5 Sept. 15 April 20 May 3 Feb. 25 Jan. 12 Mar. 8 Jan. 6 May 15 Aug. 31 Nov. 15 April 24 Nov. 12 1865 1884 1897 1866 1863 1863 1872 1873 1871 1896 1863 1864 1865 1863 1880 1891 1893 1865 1873 1893 1897 1900 1864 1899 1872 1866 1890 1897 1897 1865 1870 1863 1866 1864 1880 1865 1897 1892 1896 1863 1870 1886 1865 1865 1897 1874 1896 Name. Rowland, Howard.. tRowLAND, James.... fRowLAND, Nathan. . . fRoWLAND, P. S Rowland, Walter. . . fRowLAND, Wm. Day. . fRowLAND, William N. . Rowland, W. L tRowLEY, Edward H. . . fRoYAL, Theodore A. . . tRoYER, M.D., Lewis... JRuBicAM, Charles A. . Rudolph, George W. . ♦Rudolph, Philip Runyon, Elias W Rushton, R. H Russ, Eben G Russ, M.D., Eben J. . . . §RUSSELL, B. S fRuSSELL, E. W JRussELL, George Russell, George P. \ ♦Russell, Winfield S. . Rutherford, Alex, G. Rutherford, A. Mit- chell Rutherford, Henry. . fRuTTER, Jr., Clement S fRuTTER, Henry P fRuTTER, Levi T IRyerss, Joseph W JRyerss, R. W Date of Admission. May 15 June 2 Mar. 21 July 20 Jan. 14 Dec. 15 Feb. 23 Jan. 18 Mar. 8, Oct. 4; Oct. 4 .Feb. 16: May 6 June 19 Mar. 12 Mar. 10, , Feb. 4 Feb. 8 Feb. 27 Dec. 18 Feb. 28 May 15 Jan. 17 Feb. 17 Mar. 15 April 16 Nov. 27 May 18 Dec. 7 Mar. 17 July 13 April 30 1900 1863 1863 1863 1898 187s 1863 1899 1869 1864 1864 1863 1897 1896 1899 1896 1869 1885 1868 1865 1884 1863 1893 1898 1899 1865 1867 1863 1863 1870 ISabine, Alex. F June 20, Safford, Thomas S. . . .Jan. 16, fSAGEE, J. R April 20, ♦Sagers, James W Sept. 14, tSAGERS, W. W Feb. 10, Sailer, John Oct. 20, Salom, Pedro G June 6, Salter, J. Eldon Oct. 17, ♦Samuel, Adam R April 17, fSAMUEL, Edward Nov. 18, JSamuel, Henry Jan. 20, Sanderson, Harry. ..Dec. 11, Sanderson, John H. ..Dec. 10, fSARGENT, M.D., RuFus.Mar. 13. 5" The Union League of Philadelphia Name. Date of Admission. Sargent, Jr., Win- THROP Feb. 4, Sartain, M.D., Paul J. .July 14 tSARTORi, Victor A Mar. 16 tSAUNDERS, Henry. .. .Mar. 7 ■J-Savery, John C May 26 fSAWYER, BURRITT H.. .Dec. 4 JSawyer, H. H Dec. 4 Sayen, Osgood Feb. 18 Sayen, Wm. Henry... Feb. 13 *SCATTERG00D, S. S Aug. I 7 ScHAFFER, Wm. I May 19 tScHALL, George., Oct. 17 fScHALL, John H Oct. 26 *ScHELL, H. S Feb. 18 tScHELL, M.D., Henry L.May 11 *ScHENCK, Joseph H. . . . Nov. 28 Schenck, M.D., Joseph H Feb. s Schenck, Jr., Joseph H Mar. 12 Schermerhorn, Frank E June 13 *ScHivELY, Edward S. . . Sept. 22 Schmidt, Frbd'k W. .. .Feb. 13 *ScHMiDT, Henry Dec. 20 ScHMUCKER, N. J June 24 ScHOBER, George P. . .April 17 ScHOEN, Charles T. ..Mar. 28 ScHOFF, Frederic Oct. 18 *ScHOFiELD, Wm. S Dec. 12 fScHOLFIELD, JOHN P. . . DeC. 9 *SCH0LFIELD, M.D., Ed- wiN July 1 1 tScHOLFIELD, SAMUEL..Oct. lO *SCH0LLE, AdOLPH T. . . . NoV. lO fScHOTT, Charles M. . .Jan. 12 fScHROPP, Charles W. .Sept. 10 Schutte, Louis Dec. 13 fScHWARTZ, Charles W May II fScHWARZMAN, F. J Mar. 10 Scott, Jr., Charles. . .Feb. 21 ScoTT, Charles H June i fScoTT, Franklin Jan. 6 Scott, Henry J Jan. 16 fScoTT, I. Frederick. . .Sept. 24 tScoTT, James P Nov. 18 *ScoTT, James W Mar. 18 fScoTT, John C July 3 ScoTT, John C April 14 fScoTT, Lewis A Feb. 1 1 x888 1897 1863 1870 1865 1884 1891 1901 1896 1863 1899 1866 1868 1878 1864 1868 1883 1896 1898 1869 1896 1880 1901 1897 1896 1897 1881 1872 1867 1868 1892 1864 1872 1865 1873 1901 1882 1873 1896 1866 1871 1865 i86s 1893 1863 Name. tScoTT, Lucius H. . . .'. . tScoTT, Wm. B I JScoTT, Wm. C fScoTT, Wm. D Scott, Wm. H Scott, Wm. M fScovEL, James M. . . . ■< *ScRANT0N, Edward S. . fScuLL, Alfred P Scull, W. Carmalt. . . Scull, Wm. S fSEAL, Alfred Search, Theodore C. . fSEARLE, Orlando H. . . Searles, J. G tSsAVER, Joseph H Seeds, Jacob J *Seeger, Roland fSEiBERT, James J ISelfridge, James L. \ fSELLERS, Coleman. . . . ISellers, David W Sellers, Howard Sellers, Jr., John. . -j Sellers, William.... fSELLMAN, Frank H. . . . ISeltzer, M.D., C. Jay. . fSsLTZER, M.D., JOHN H Seltzer, Jonathan R. tSELYE, Wm. W *Semple, Matthew.. -< *Semple, Robert A. . . fSENNEFF, Isaac ISerrill, Henry fSERVER, ErASTUS P. . . . Sewell, W. J tSEXTON, John W *Seybert, Henry *Shafer, Samuel *Shaffner, John fSHAPFNER, Jr., John.. *Shanley, B. M ♦Shannon, John R. . . I fSHANTz, Charles R. . . Shapley, E. Cooper. . Shapley, R. E Date of Admission. Feb. 14 April 20 Feb. 14 Feb. 14 May 29 May 29 May 16 Mar. 3 June 13 April 14 May 2 April 5 Feb. 23 Nov. 12 Mar. 3 Feb. 9 Jiuie 22 June 12 July 22 .Oct. 19 July 27 June 14 Feb. 22 Feb. 24 Mar. 21 Mar. 14 Jan. 8 Jan. 17 Jan. 8 Dec. 4 Dec. 10 .April 22 Oct. 27 Sept. 14 Dec. 9 Dec. 17 Dec. 7 July 3 April 6 Oct. 17 Aug. 26 Nov. 14 Feb. 12 Mar. 9 Mar. 19 Jan. II Feb. 20 Feb. 14 Jan. 14, 1879 Jan. 14, 1873 June 8, igoo Feb. 23, 1875 1868 1866 1884 1884 1890 1890 1896 1863 1865 1890 1863 1897 1897 1870 1882 1883 1896 1865 1897 1863 1865 1865 1869 1865 1863 1896 1863 J882 1863 1872 1888 1865 1884 1867 1872 1881 1895 1865 1863 1866 1872 1867 1863 1863 1863 1864 1888 1872 512 The Officers and Members Date of Name. Admission. *Sharp, Benjamin... {JfJJ; 9,1863 Sharp, H. S Mar. 6, 1899 JSharp, Samuel S....{0^=^. ^6,1871 Sharp, Wm. H Dec. 11, 1893 tSHARP, Wm. L Oct. 23,1866 ISharpe, Charles May 25, 1865 Sharples, Francis W. .Mar. 4, 1895 Sharples, Walter M. .Feb. 9, i8g8 tSHARPLESS, C. W May 13,1875 Sharpless, Charles F. Jan. 18,1882 tSHARPLESS, F. H Feb. 1,1876 ♦Sharpless, H. H. G Feb. 11, 1863 tSHARPLESS, Joseph I.. .July 13, 1865 Sharpless, Samuel J.. Feb. 21, 1863 tSHARPS, Christian. . . .Sept. 11, 1865 Sharwood, Edward R. Jan. 3, 1891 tSHAW, Edward H Aug. i, 1865 •J-Shaw, Edward T Feb. 10, 1863 Shaw, Frederic Dec. 9, 1887 Shaw, James G July 8, 1896 tSHAw, Jr., Thomas. .. .Sept. 5,1865 fSHEAFF, John F May i, 1865 *Sheble, George H. . . .Aug. 29, 1865 tSHELTON, Fred'k R. . . . July 27, 1870 JSheppard, A. Maxwell Dec. 1,1877 Sheppard, Edgar L. . . .Aug. 28, 1891 Sheppard, Frank Lit- TELL Jan. II, 1888 Sheppard, Franklin Lawrence Nov. 7, i8go Sheppard, Howard R. .Oct. 16,1890 ♦Sheppard, Isaac A.. . .June 8, 1868 tSHEPPARD, Joseph B. . .July 18, 1863 Sheppard, Jr., J. B.. . .Jan. 17,1890 JSheppard, William B.. June 18, 1883 ♦Sherman, Conger. . . .Mar. 16, 1863 Sherman, Fred'k S.. . .Oct. 2,1894 tSHERMAN, Jr., Joseph .Sept, 2, 1872 ♦Sherman, m.d., W April 10, 1863 ♦Sherrerd, Henry D.. .Oct. 11,1867 ♦Sherrerd, James H. ..Nov. 2, 1869 ♦Sherrerd, Wm. D Mar. 31, 1863 tSHERWiN, Edward. .. .Mar. 11,1870 Sherwood, George H. Mar. 14, 1893 Shetter, R. L Jan. 7, 1898 Shinn, John H Mar. 20, 1895 Shipley, Samuel R Feb. 16,1882 tSHiPPEN, Edward July 25, 1863 ■J-Shippen, Joseph Oct. 27, 1864 Shippen, Samuel S Dec. 8, 1887 33 Date of Name. Admission. tSniRK, Henry R July 31, 1886 tSnoBER, Samuel L Jan. 29,1863 Shoch, Henry R Nov. 11, 1897 tSnoEMAKER, B. H Nov. 30, 1868 Shoemaker, Charles J Mar. 14, 1896 Shoemaker, m.d. , D. W.Jan. 11,1899 tSnoEMAKER, Francis. .April 13, 1865 Shoemaker, George A. Jan. 7, 1888 §Shoemaker, H. F Feb. 10, 1870 ♦Shoemaker, John L. . .Sept. 16, 1870 Shoemaker, Joshua L. April 29, 1892 Shoemaker, J. K Dec. 22, 1887 Shoemaker, Owen. . . .May 18, 1896 tSnoEMAKER, R. M Jan. 14, 1873 IShoenberger, Edwin F May 17, 1864 tSnOENBERGER, JoHN H.May 27, 1865 ■J-Shoener, Charles F.. .Mar. 10,1863 Shortridge, N. P Feb. 4, 1874 tSnowELL, E. B Feb. 15, 1883 Showell, John B. M. . .Oct. 16,1884 ♦Shroder, Francis. .. .Oct. 24,1884 Shull, Wm. a Oct. 10, 1894 tSnuLZE, Augustus E. . . Sept. 15, 1866 Shuster, W. Durell. .Jan. 18, 1886 Sibley, Francis P Feb. 17, i8go ♦Sickel, Horatio G. . . .Oct. 13, 1866 tSiDES, J. L Jan. 14, 1873 Sill, James J Feb. 9, 1898 tSiLLiMAN, A May 15,1872 tSiMES, Samuel Mar. 16, 1863 jSiMMONS, Charles F. . .Jan. 18, 1873 jSiMON, Augustus June 15, 1865 SiMONiN, Isaac M Mar. 16, 1891 tSiMONS, Henry Feb. 21, 1863 Simpers, Thomas W. . .Sept. 4, 1900 ♦Simpson, Frank S Jan. 12, 1878 tSiMPSON, James Jan. 23, 1883 tSiMPSON, John M Oct. 2,1866 ♦Simpson, Thomas July 1,1871 ♦Simpson, Jr., William. June 14, 1872 tSiMPSON, Wm. a July 13, 1865 Simpson, Wm. Percy. .Jan. 17, 1896 ♦Sims, John C April 19, 1864 ,„ T T r i Feb. 17, 1866 tSiMS, Jr., John C. . . . | y^^^ ^^^ ^g^^ ♦Sinclair, W. M Oct. 9,1868 tSiNGER, J. Sherborne .Feb. 10, 1890 jSiNGERLY, Joseph Feb. 26, 1863 Sinn, Joseph A May 13, 1897 tSiNNOTT, Joseph T April 30, 1868 The Union League of Philadelphia Date of Admission. Name. Date of Admission. tSlPES, Wm. B SiTER, Edward fSLACK, M.D., John H.. . JSlade, Jarvis tSLAYMAKER, SaMUEL E. Sloan, A. J fSLOAN, H fSLOAN, Henry P. . . . -^ fSLOCOMB, Wm. H fSMALL, D. E f Small, Jr., Robert H. Smaltz, Henry N Smedley, Franklin. . . *Smedley, Isaac G *Smedley, Samuel L. . . Smedley, Wm. H ♦Smethurst, Richard. . tSMiTH, Alfred *Smith, M.D., Albert H, tSMiTH, Aubrey H JSmith, Charles ISmith, Charles B ♦Smith, Charles E Smith, Charles Emory fSMiTH, Charles H JSmith, Charles H. . . . . fSMiTH, Charles S.'. . . . Smith, Charles Wm. . . fSMiTH, Clement H JSmith, C. Eber Smith, C. Shillard. . . . *Smith, Jr., Daniel. . . . fSMiTH, D. C. Wharton . JSmith, Edmund JSmith, Edward I. . fSMiTH, Erwin H. . . Smith, Erwin H Smith, Erskine D Smith, Erskine M fSMiTH, E. Clarence. . . Smith, E. Eldridge . . fSMiTH, M.D., Francis G. ♦Smith, F. Percy ♦Smith, George A tSMiTH, George Plumer JSmith, George M Smith, Henry E ♦Smith, Henry W ♦Smith, Herbert Smith, Horace E Smith, Horace F. . Oct. 13 Mar. 3 Sept. 30 April 18 Feb. 7 Mar. 13 Sept. 17 June 26 April 12 June 7 Dec. 30 Oct. 4 April 25 Oct. 12 June 10 Feb. 19 Oct. 20 Oct. 7 July 27 Jan. 8 Jan. 23 Feb. s April 9 Jan. 14 June 28 April 2 1 June 12 Jan. 8 Mar. 25 Aug. 21 Nov. 22 Mar. 12 Jan. 8 May 17 Oct. 5 Jan. 15 Jan. 23 Dec. 15 Dec. 25 Feb. 23 Jan. 14 Feb. 17: .May 27 Dec. 28 Mar. 22 Jan. 24: April 22 Dec. 12 Jan. 3: Dec. 9 Dec. 2 Jan. 15 865 863 864 863 863 882 868 867 881 865 868 865 892 894 897 870 894 863 865 866 863 863 869 863 880 863 884 863 899 866 867 891 863 864 864 879 882 894 882 901 873 890 863 872 864 863 885 tSMITH ♦Smith Smith Smith Smith "Smith Smith JSmith ♦Smith Smith Smith ♦Smith JSmith ♦Smith ♦Smith Smith Smith JSmith JSmith JSmith JSmith JSmith JSmith JSmith Smith ♦Smith Smith H. Clifford. . .Jan. 14 H. P April 13 James D Jan. 9 James G Feb. 1 7 James Somers. .Jan. 21 Jesse E April 17 John F July 13 Joseph Emlen. .Oct. 15 J. Frailey May 2 J. Frailey May 22 J. Futhey June 22 Lewis Waln. . .April 23 Lloyd P Feb. 28 Louis I Oct. 15 L. Heber Nov. 29 Mahlon K May 15 Monroe July 14 P. Frazier July 28 P. Jenks April 20 R. Pearsall. . -Oct. 12 R. Rundle . . . . Feb. 10 Richard S Jan. 23 R. S July 28 Robert W Feb. 18 S. DECATUR.. I^^y ^5 S. Grant May 17 M.D., S. Mac- EwEN Mar. 10 JSmith, Thomas Jan. 8 ♦Smith, Thomas J April 14 JSmith, T. Guilford. . .Jan. 27 JSmith, Uselma C Dec. 1 1 Smith, Walter Bas- SETT Feb. 17 Smith, Walter E Feb. 12 JSmith, William May 10 JSmith, William B Nov. 10 Smith, William C Aug. 19 ♦Smith, William M. . . ■( ^P"^ '4 I. Dec. 12 ♦Smith, William P July 15 ♦Smith, William S Jan. 18 JSmith, Willis S Jan. 20 \ Smith, Winthrop Nov. 20 ■Smucker, Jr., SoLOMONMay 2 •Smyth, James Oct. 2 ♦Smyth, Lindley Jan. 8 JSmyth, Marriott C. . . . May 4 JSmyth, William C Sept. 24 Smyth, William J Mar. 9 Snell, Henry I Feb. 12 1870 1863 1863 1863 1863 1863 1865 1869 1865 1893 1875 1868 1863 1884 1888 1894 1881 1868 1863 1887 1863 1863 1865 1873 1865 1882 1865 1896 1863 1879 1866 1871 1893 1890 1870 1881 1895 1881 1885 1869 1863 1869 1876 1865 1865 1863 1870 1864 1898 1800 SM The Officers and Members Name. Date of Admission. Snowden, a. Louden. Dec. 13 fSNYDER, Geo. W June 2 Snyder, Jr., Henry M. Jan. 13 fSNYDER, Louis Mar. 7 ISnyder, Robert Jan. 12 ISnyder, Thomas A. . . .Oct. 5 Snyder, W. Fred'k. . .Mar. 4 Sobernheimer, Fred'k A Jan. 12 SoLis, Isaac N Mar. 13 fSoLMS, Sidney \. B. . . .Jan. 30 fjan. 14 jSoLMS, S. J \ Feb. 19 (. Dec. 15 fSoMMER, B Mar. 8 SOMMERVILLE, MAX- WELL Jan. 16 *Souder, Edmund A. . . .Jan. 12 fSouDER, William T. .. .Mar. 17 fSouLE, Horace H Jan. i So-B,J.E {^-X^l tSouTHER, Henry May 15 SouTHWicK, James L. . .Aug. 29 fSoUTHWORTH, D. P. ...April 15 fSoUTHWORTH, JoHN H. .April 6 tSowER, C. G April 2 1 fSowERS, Wm. H Feb. 26 tSpACKMAN, Henry C. . .Sept. 19 ♦Spaceman, Walter S. .Feb. 10 Sparhawk, Charles W Jan. 17 Sparhawk, Jr., John. .May 15 Sparks, C. A Nov. 19 Sparks, E. K Oct. 12 ♦Sparks, Thomas Jan. 9 Sparks, Thomas W. . . .Jan. 17 fSpEAKMAN, Thomas H. .Jan. 14 Speakman, Wm. E June 14 Spear, James Feb. 16 ♦Spencer, Charles. .. .Feb. 27 Spencer, Jesse F Jan. 20 tSpENCER, Robert June 15 fSpENCER, Robert S. .. .Oct. 21 Spencer, m.d., WM....July 8 tSpENCER, Wm. G July 20 fSpERiNG, Charles July 7 fSpERiNG, Harry C July 27 ♦Spering, Joshua Feb. 12 tSpERiNG, Jr., Joshua . . Sept. 4 •fSpERiNG, Nathan Aug. 27 ♦Spooner, D. C Dec. 5 1872 1865 1898 1865 1884 1864 189s 1890 1867 1863 1874 1879 i88i 1890 1863 1863 1864 1870 1892 1866 1865 1863 1863 1863 1S63 1871 1888 1896 1896 1872 1887 1863 1894 1863 1897 1869 1863 1896 1882 1891 1896 1865 1871 1872 1863 1871 1872 1879 Date of Name. Admission. fSpooNER, M.D., Edward A Oct. 24, 1864 ♦Spooner, Edwin Mar. 19, 1866 tSpRECKELS, Claus Oct. 20, 1S90 fSpRECKELS, C. A Dec. 6, 1890 Sproul, Wm. C July 21, 1896 Sproull, W. A Feb. 13,1901 Staake, Wm. H June 16, 1897 fSTACKHOUSE, Wm. K. . .Feb. 6, 1866 fSTAiRs, John S May 30, 1865 IStanton, Charles H. .Nov. 15, 1893 Stanton, Howard. . . .Nov. 11, 1891 ♦Stanton, M. Hall. . . .July 7, 1865 Stanton, William A.. .May 11,1897 fSTARR, Edward Feb. 12, 1869 JStarr, F. R Feb. 10, 1870 JStarr, Jr., Isaac Feb. 7, 1863 IStarr, James Dec. 2, 1864 JStarr, R. T Sept. 24, 1888 Starr, d.d.s., R. Wal- ter Nov. 10, 1897 fSTARR, Theodore Oct. 7, 1868 tSTAUFFER, D. McN Oct. 29, 1888 Stayers, W. A Feb. 13, i8go fSTAVLEY, J. Thomas. . .Feb. 4, 1873 ♦Stearns, George L. . . .Aug. 29, 1863 Stearns, Irving A. ...May 15,1897 fSTEARNS, William ... .April 9,1863 ISteedman, Charles. . .July 10, 1865 ♦Steel, E. T April 14, 1875 ♦Steel, Francis P Mar. 21, 1865 Steel, George P Jan. 28, 1892 Steel, Henry M Dec. 9, 1889 fSTEEL, Hugh E Sept. 24, 1866 Steel, James Mar. 13, 1890 fSTEEL, Robert Jan. 18, 1870 Steel, William G April 12, 1882 Steel WW / J^^l^ '^' '^7° &TEEL, w. w \ Feb. 16,1883 Steelman, A. Lincoln. Nov. 12, 1896 ISteen, Robert J Dec. 11,1871 Steigerwalt, W. H. . . Dec. 10, 1884 fSTEiNER, John Philip. Mar. 13, 1865 ♦Steinmetz, Adam May 8, 1876 StELLWAGEN, D.D.S., Thomas C July 24,1866 fSTELWAGON, JOSEPH. . .Sept. 17, 1872 ISterling, H. G April ii, 1864 Sterling, Ralph T. . . .July 4, 1892 fSTERLiNG, Robert B.. .Oct. 13, 1866 Sterling, Walter H, .July 10, 1894 Stern, Edward Jan. 19, 1897 515 The Union League of Philadelphia Name. Date of Admission. Name. Date of Admission. Stern, Simon A -j p , ' ^ Stern, Wm. A Jan. lo Sterner, Frank W. . . .April 21 ^Sterrett, Samuel H. .Oct. 23 Stetson, James N Dec. 24 Stevens, J. Franklin .Dec. 17 Stevens, John S April 7 §Stevens, Wm. H Oct. 5 tSxEVENSON, Benjamin. Mar. 20 fSxEVENSON, Edward K.July 16 Stevenson, George. . .Aug. 21 Stevenson, Howard A.June 14 fSTEVENSON, I. H Sept. 20 Stevenson, John A. .. .Feb. 13 *Stevenson, William C Feb. 18 tSTEVENSON, W. H April 16 JStewardson, Jr., Thomas Mar. 23 fSTEWART, Benedict D. Mar. 17 Stewart, m.d., Geo. W.Sept. 24 Stewart, Henry C. . . .June 18 fSTEWART, Jr., James. .July 6 fSTEWART, John Jan. 8 *Stewart, M.D., John S. Mar. fSTEWART, T. McI Feb. IStewart, T. Scott. . . .July JStewart, William M..Oct. fSxEWART, William R. .Feb. fSTEWART, William S. . .Jan. 8 fSTicKNEY, Charles E.. April 21 Stiles, George C Feb. 20 *Stiles, Henry A May 29 fSTiLES, Jr., Wm. C Oct. 31 fSxiLL^, M.D., Alfred.. Jan. 9 *STiLLfe, C. J May 8, Stillwell, a. H May 3 Stinson, C. Henry. . . .Aug. 22 *Stinson, James Aug. 19 JStinson, Samuel B. . . .Jan. 12 JStinson, Thomas D. . . .Jan. 12 Stirk, M.D. , James C. . .Dec. 21 Stitt, Seth B Jan. 20 fSxivER, Christian. .. .July 28 f St. John, H. H May 23 fSTocKHAM, George ... Sept. 13 Stockton, H. M Nov. 14 f Stockton, J. D April 4 Stoddart, Harry T. . . Sept. 8 Stoddart, J. Mar- shall Mar. 21 1866 1882 1900 1897 1867 1897 1896 187s 1864 1863 1864 1891 1900 1866 1896 1863 1872 1863 1863 1900 1896 1868 1870 1892 1863 1865 1872 1864 1863 1882 1893 1865 1863 1863 1863 1897 1894 1884 1897 1863 1865 1865 1866 1888 1868 1897 ♦Stoddart, John Gil- bert Mar. 3 1 f Stoddart, Joseph M.. .June 7 Stoer, John F Jan. 3 Stoever, Wm. C Dec. 28 f Stokes, John H April 28 f Stokes, Samuel E Jan. 10 §Stokes, Samuel W. . . .Aug. 17 f Stokes, T. P. C Jan. 16, Stokley, Wm. S | ^^""J^^ 3 1: f Stone, A. G Jan. 17 Stone, Charles W. . . .June 19 Stone, F. W April i f Stone, Henry M Feb. 20 f Stone, James N May 30 Stone, Jr., James N. { ^^^ ^ ♦Stone, J. Emery Feb. 10 ■ Stone, W. E Feb. 25 "Stoner, Alfred M. ...Oct. 3 ::STOTESBURy, Edward ■ T April 18 fSTOTESBURY, J. M June 21 fSxoTESBURY, Thomas P. Nov. 21 *Stotesbury, Thomas P Nov. II Stout, Eugene A April 30 Stow, Edgar D Feb. 18 fSTRAWBRiDGE, Geo. S. .Jan. 14 Strawbridge, Justus C Jan. 16 ♦Strickland, Edward. .July 24 Strobel, Victor O. . . .Mar. 14 f Strong, William June 14 f Stroud, George D. . . .Mar. 30 ♦Stroud, George M. . . .Jan. 9 f Stroud, Morris R May 3 f Stroud, William Feb. 12 ♦Stroud, William C. . . . Feb. 13 Strubing, John K Oct. 16 fSTRUTHERS, JoHN July I9 JStruthers, Thomas .. .Feb. 4 ♦Struthers, William. .Feb. 3 f Stuart, David May 24 f Stuart, D. W July 12 Stuart, Edwin S Dec. 9 fSTUART, George H. . . .Jan. 15 Stuart, Wm. H Jan. 13 Stulb, Edwin H Sept. 8 Stull, A. a Feb. 10 ♦Sturdevant, Chas. H. .May 22 1892 1865 1882 1897 1865 1863 1868 1872 1872 1888 1871 1897 1892 1864 1863 1870 1882 1863 1863 1864 1882 1868 1887 1892 1899 1871 1882 1863 1888 1869 1863 1863 1864 1870 1890 1897 1866 1868 1863 1865 1865 1886 1863 1899 1898 1897 1888 S16 The Officers and Members Date of Name. Admission. ISturgis, Robert S. ...Mar. 13, 1863 Sulzberger, Mayer. . .May 16, 1894 Super, Jr., Wm Aug. 18, 1897 *SuppLEE, J. W June 4, 1872 *SuppLEE, Wm. D Feb. 10, 1890 SuppLEE, W. L Feb. 14, 1890 SuppLEE, Wm. W Sept. 15, 1868 *SuTTER, Daniel.... I ^^'^^ ^3,1872 ' I. Dec. 9, 1891 Sutton, Frederick. . .May 12,1897 tSuTTON, Theodore D. .Nov. 24, 1891 Swain, Joseph W Jan. 12, 1894 tSwANN, M.D., Wilson C.Jan. 10,1863 tSwAYNE, W. A April 28, 1883 SwAYNE, Wm. P Jan. 28, 1882 SWEATMAN, V. C June 16, 1870 SwEiGARD, I. A May 14, 1888 fSwENEY, Thomas W. . .Mar. 30, 1863 fSwiFT, Joseph Aug. 3, 1870 fSwopE, Henry B Jan. 7, 1867 SwoYER, A. P Jan. 9, 1901 fSwoYER, J. H June 2, 1865 Sykes, Walter F April 10, 1890 Sylvester, Frederick April 16, 1868 fSYLVESTER, FREDERICK J Nov. 14, 1867 fSYLVESTER, HaRRY J. . . NoV. 5, 1888 §Sylvester, Henry. . . .June 15, 1865 ♦Sylvester, Lewis. . . .Nov. 14, 1867 fSYPHER, J. R Feb. 22, 1868 tTABER, William H. . . .Mar. 3, 1880 fTAGGART, David July 10, 1865 ■j-Taggart, Edwin R. ...May 13, 1865 Taite, Benjamin G. . . . Nov. 10, 1897 *Taitt, JohnT Mar. 16, 1863 fTARR, Kingston R. ...Jan. 19, 1870 ■J-Tasker, Stephen P. M. Feb. 14, 1863 *Tasker, Jr., Thomas T.Feb. 14,1863 fTASKER, W. H Feb. 14,1863 Tatem, Benjamin H. . .June 21, 1897 fTATHAM, George N. .. .Feb. 9,1863 •J-Tatham, Wm. P Feb. 25, 1863 Tatnall, Henry Dec. 10, 1894 tTATUM, John Mar. 18, 1865 *Taws, Lewis Jan. 23, 1864 fTAYLOR, Absalom Jan. 28, 1867 ♦Taylor, Anthony ... .Jan. 7,1873 Taylor, A. Merritt . . .Aug, 13, 1897 tTAYLOR, Daniel W Mar. 14, 1890 ♦Taylor, Edward Sept. 15, 1866 Name. Date of Admission. fTAYLOR, Enoch Dec. 19 Taylor, Francis G. . . .April 11 §Taylor, M. D. , Franklin June 2 2 fTAYLOR, George E....May 16 ♦Taylor, George W. B.Dec. 9 ♦Taylor, Henry P May 17 fTAYLOR, John A Jan. 19 Taylor, John C April 13 fTAYLOR, John D Feb. 1 1 fTAYLOR, John G Jan. 12 fTAYLOR, John KiNSEY.May 19 fTAYLOR, Levi Sept. 15 Taylor, Jr., L. H Feb. 22, ♦Taylor, Robert F. ...Mar. 4 Taylor, Robert J June 17 ♦Taylor, Thomas N. ...Feb. 21 ♦Taylor, William Sept. 20 fTAYLOR, Wm. Bankson Oct. 3 Taylor, Wm. Shipley. Jan. 10 fTAYLOR, W. J Mar. 28 fTAYLOR, W. S Mar. 8 Tenney, John April 23 Terry, Henry C....{N--| ♦Terry, Willis July 27 fTEvis, Edwin L Oct. 14 JTevis, W. H Jan. 23 ♦Thackara, B April IS Thackara, Charles . . . Feb. 18 ♦Thackara, S. W July 3 ♦Thaw, Jr., Wm Nov. 23 fTHAYER, M. Russell. .Feb. 23 f Thayer, Wm. R Jan. 11 Thomas, Augustus. . . .Oct. 16 Thomas, A. Cuthbert. April 13 f Thomas, B. B Mar. 19 fTnoMAs, Charles F. ..Jan. 22 ♦Thomas, Charles G. . . Dec. 16 Thomas, m.d., Chas. M.Jan. 11 fTnoMAS, Charles M.. .June 12 Thomas, C. Wesley. . .May 3 Thomas, Edgar G Nov. 24 f Thomas, F. W July 2 f Thomas, George C. . | q'^^P*' J Thomas, Jr., Geo. C. . .Nov. 11 f Thomas, G. D April 25 f Thomas, Howard D. . .Feb. 25 f Thomas, Henry Oct. 5 ♦Thomas, John Jan. 14 Thomas, D.D.S., John D.Oct. 15 f Thomas, John J Feb. 24 1879 1901 1865 1864 1893 1865 1889 1899 1863 1867 1865 1865 1879 1863 1881 1866 1869 1864 1894 1863 187s 1886 1868 1880 1896 1870 187s 1865 1869 1863 1888 1863 1883 1899 1865 1872 1887 1881 1901 1869 1897 1897 1870 1866 1880 1897 1885 1865 1870 1865 1884 1865 517 The Union League of Philadelphia Date of Name. Admission. Thomas, Joseph H April i6 fTnoMAS, Joseph T April 4 Thomas, Leonard M. . .July 10 {Thomas, Robert C. . . .Dec. 8 ♦Thomas, Samuel B. . l ij„„ 't fTnoMAS, S. Harvey... May 17 IThomas, Theodore. . .July 30 JThomas, Walter C. .. .Dec. 10 JThomas, William B.. .Jan. 30 Thomas, William G. ..Feb. 27 ♦Thompson, Albert K. .Mar. 19 Thompson, Benjamin. Mar. 14 ♦Thompson, David Oct. 16 ♦Thompson, E. O Mar. 3 ♦Thompson, George ... Feb. 7 fTnoMPSON, George R. .Aug. 15 IThompson, Henry C. . .Oct. 3 tTHOMPSON, HuGH...{^^f-J| Thompson, James B. . .Dec. 8 ♦Thompson, John Jan. 22 ♦Thompson, John J Feb. 27 Thompson, John J Dec. 27 Thompson, Justice M. .April 13 §Thompson, Lewis May 16 Thompson, Lewis A.. .Dec. 19 fTHOMPSON, Lucius P. . .May 14 ♦Thompson, Oswald. . .Feb. 12 fTHOMPSON, Samuel L. .Nov. 19 Thompson, Samuel S. .Jan. 25 fTHOMPSON, S. S Jan. 14 Thompson, Thomas M. .Dec, 2 Thompson, T. Mason. .Oct. 9 Thompson, William .. .July 11 ♦Thomson, A. H Feb. 26 ♦Thomson, Frank Aug. 5 ♦Thomson, George H. .Feb. 28 ♦Thomson, John Edgar Mar, 13 f Thorn, George W. . . .Jan. 9 fTnoRNE, Frost Mar. 16 ♦Thorne, George T. . . .Feb. 3 ♦Thornley, John May 29 ♦Thouron, Nicholas E, July 8 ♦Thurlow, Charles L. .June 1 f Thurlow,S. Leonard ■! ^ '■, 1 f Tiedemann, F Oct. 15 fTlEDEMANN, M.D.,HeiN- rich Nov. 12, 1866 ♦Tiers, W. H Feb. 18, 1863 fTiERS, Wm. T July 19, 1877 1897 1864 1900 1869 1863 1883 1865 1872 1885 1863 1863 1892 1898 1866 1871 1863 1866 1864 1865 1868 1886 1863 1863 1887 1899 1865 1883 1864 1863 1872 1896 1873 1882 1901 1889 1863 1897 1863 1863 1863 1871 1863 1865 1863 1865 1868 1879 1866 Date of Name. Admission. ♦Tilden, Walter H. . . .Mar. 4, 1873 TiLDEN, William T. . . .Dec. 6, 1893 fTiLGE, Frederick A.. .July 22, 1870 fTiLGE, Henry Feb. 4, 1864 fTiLGE, Jesse A May 11,1865 fTiLGHMAN, Benjamin C July 8, 1865 fTiLGHMAN, R. A Jan. 10,1863 fTiLGHMAN, Wm. M Jan. 8, 1863 fTlLLINGHAST, JoSEPH. .Sept. I4, 1866 fTiNGLEY, Daniel L. . . .May 5, 1865 T0BIAS,J0SEPHF...,{^- 5,1863 Todd, Henry C Dec. 11, 1896 Todd, M. Hampton. . . .Mar. 15, 1879 ToMLiNsoN, Edward C. April 1,1896 f Tompkinson, H. S May 25, 1872 fToRPiN, Jr., Richard. .Mar. 13, 1875 f TORREY, D Nov. I, 1876 f Tourgee, A. W Dec. 14, 1881 fTouRTELOT, E. P April 27, 1865 fTouRTELOT, Frank J. . .May 7,1866 ♦Tower, Charlemagne .Jan. 30, 1867 Tower, Jr., Charle- magne Jan. 20, 1894 ♦TowNE, John H Jan. 16, 1863 TowNSEND, David. . . .Feb. 15, 1890 TowNSEND, George W.April 15, 1868 f TowNSEND, F. E Nov. 29, 1866 TowNSEND, Harrison. May 14,1885 ♦TowNSEND, Henry C. .Jan. 10,1863 fTowNSEND, Henry L .Aug. 8, 1882 fTowNSEND, Isaac Oct. 24, 1866 fTowNSEND, Jesse July 20, 1865 TowNSEND, John B. . . .Sept. 10, 1S97 ♦TowNSEND, Joseph B. .Jan. g, 1863 TowNSEND, Robert Y. .Jan. 9, 1895 fTowNSEND, S. Sharp- less Nov. 29, 1866 fToY, James M June 21, 1863 fToY, Wm. N June 21, 1875 f Tracy, Eliashib Mar. 4, 1863 fTRACEY, Miles S July 8, 1870 JTraquair, James Feb. 14,1863 Treat, F. H Feb. 5, 1885 ♦Tredick, Benjamin T. .Mar. 21,1863 Tredick, Edward Jan. 9, 1800 fTREicHEL, Charles. . .Aug. 28 JTreichel, Wm. P. C. . . .Dec. 11 Treichler, M. K Dec. g fTREXLER, Horatio. . . .June 7 ♦Triebels, Chas. H, R. .Dec. 30 1866 1865 1889 1866 1872 S18 The Officers and Members Date of Name. Admission. Trimble, James Sept. 27, 1893 tTRiMBLE, James L Jan. 20, 1872 JTrimble, Joseph Feb. 23, 1863 Trinklb, John W April 18, 1896 tTRiPLETT, Thomas W. .Sept. 28, 1866 JTroth, Edward Oct. 28,1868 ITroth, Wm. P Jan. 27, 1865 ITrott, George Jan. 10, 1863 *Trott, John B Nov. 26, 1866 Trotter, Charles W. .Jan. 15, 1863 ♦Trotter, Edward H. . . Feb. 3, 1863 fTROTTER, George Mar. 6, 1863 Trotter, Joseph Nov. 16, 1882 ♦Trotter, Joseph H. . . .Mar. 11, 1863 ITrotter, Newbold H. .Feb. 10,1863 ♦TROTTER, Samuel H. I ^-y/7,i86s fTROTTER, Walter N. . .Mar. 9, 1887 ITrotter, William Henry Feb. 28, 1863 ITroutman, Lewis M. . .Mar. 18,1871 fTRUiTT, Charles B....Oct. 13, 1866 Truitt, Joseph P Feb. 19, 1883 tTRUiTT, Robert W. . . .Oct. 13, 1866 ■J-Truman, Jr., George. .June 1,1865 Trump, Charles E. . . .Sept. 21, 1895 fTRUXTUN, Wm. T July 5, 1865 ■J-Tryon, Edward K Mar. 6,1863 Tryon, Wm. S Feb. 22,1890 fTucKER, Alfred Aug. 15, 1872 ♦Tucker, Campbell. . . .June 15, 1865 fTucKER, John Feb. 14, 1863 .„, T T f May 10, 1863 tTucKER, Jr., John. . | j^/^ ^g; ^g^o Tucker, Wm. R Dec. 3, 1889 fTuNis, Thomas R Aug. 9, 1864 TuRNBULL, M.D., ChAS. S April 26, 1897 tTuRNER, M.D., A. PAUL.July 13,1872 tTuRNER, M.D., Chas. P. Jan. 16, 1866 fTuRNER, E. A April 19, 1892 fTuRNER, John Feb. 25, 1863 Turner, John Z June 2, 1896 JTuRNER, Newton R. ..Nov. i, 1880 Turner, Wm. B Nov. 25, 1899 Turner, Wm. J April 14, 1892 Turner, Wm. Jay April 14, 1892 TusTiN, Ernest L May 16, 1891 Twaddell, J. Lewis. . .May 13,1899 fTwiNiNG, Edward H. . .July 7, 1870 •j-Tyler, George F Jan. 19, 1863 fTYLER, H. Blake Feb. 12, 1885 Date of Name. Admission. fTYLER, Sidney P Jan. 18, 1890 ♦Tyndale, Hector May 26, 1865 Tyson, Canby S Dec. 11,1891 Tyson, Edward B Nov. 19, 1879 Tyson, Elwood May 13,1897 Uhlenhaut, Jr., F. . . .Aug. 13, 1897 tVAiL, Lewis D Feb. 28, 1863 ♦Valentine, John K. . . . Oct. 25, 1864 Van Baun, m.d., Wm. W Feb. 17, 1899 ♦Van CuLiN, Samuel W. Jan. 14,1882 tVANDERVEER, David . .Mar. 10, 1881 Van Dusen, George R. Sept. 11, 1897 Van DusEN, Jr., Jos. B.Jan. 16,1892 Van Dyke, Jr., Theo. A Mar. 20, 1899 fVAN Gunten, W. H. . . .Jan. 5, 1889 Van Lennep, m.d., Wm. B May 20, 1884 fVAN Loan, Eugene.. .Mar. i, 1890 Vansant, m.d., Eugene La Rue Jan. 15, 1898 Vansant, H. CnESTON.Mar. 9, 1892 ♦Van ScHAiCK, B. A April 12, 1888 Vanuxem, L. C April 13, 1892 Vauclain, S. M Jan. 12, 1901 ♦Vaux, George Sept. 13, 1866 ♦Vaux.Wm. S Oct. 7,1863 §Ver Meulen, m.d., Ed- mund C April 30, 1885 Verner, Harry J Sept. 15, 1897 Verner, Wm. R May 15, 1896 fVER Planck, P. W Dec. 14, 1872 ♦Verree, John P Feb. 2, 1863 fVEZiN, Alfred Mar. 19, 1866 tVfiZiN, Charles Jan. 9, 1863 IVezin, Henry A Feb. 19, 1866 fVicKERS, David Nov. 20, 1865 ♦Vogel, Geo. W Feb. 16, 1863 V0NUTASSY,A.W...{f-^'3^;,^«C fVooRHEES, Peter L. ..Mar. 27, 1863 Voorhees, Peter V.. .Feb. 3, 1888 fVouTE, Louis H May 11, 1865 Vrooman, S. B Feb. 25, 1898 Wade, Angus S Nov. 10, 1897 tWAGNER, Charles M. .Jan. 13, 1863 5^9 The Union League of Philadelphia Date of Name. Admission. Wagner, Charles M. .Oct. lo, 1895 Wagner, George E. . .Dec. 4, 1889 Wagner, George M. . .Oct. 13, 1892 *Wagner, James D April 14, 1865 tWAGNER, John April 18, 1865 JWagner, Louis June 15, 1875 Wagner, Louis M July 21, 1897 tWAGNER,jR.,SAMUEL{i;Pg^-5,l869 Wagner, W. Worrell July 16,1897 fWAiNWRiGHT, C. P May 10, 1870 ♦Wainwrioht, Wm. J.. .Feb. 4, 1863 tWALBORN, Cornelius A Jan. 18, 1863 tWALBORN, RuFUS C. . . . Sept. 15, 1865 f Walker, Frederick A.May 25,1865 Walker, M.D., James B.Feb. 22,1892 fWALKER, J. S Oct. 15, 1870 WA.---R-J-C {^It ^i^fs^ tWALKER, W. Lehman. .Mar. 16, 1865 *Walker, Wm. Weight- man Dec. 29, 1886 ♦Walkinshaw, Alex. M.Sept. 6, 1865 jWallace, m.d. Ellers- LiE Feb. 9, 1863 fWALLACE, Henry E. . . .July 20, 1863 JWallace, J. M. P July 17, 1868 *Wallen, J. R Feb. 17, 1882 fWALRAVEN, Ira E Nov. 12, 1863 t Walter, Frank June i, 1864 ♦Walter, Harry Oct. 11,1866 Walter, Thomas Feb. 11,1873 Walters, Louis R Mar. 10, 1893 ♦Walton, Charles J. . .Oct. 15, 1884 fWALTON, Coates April 29, 1865 ♦Walton, Collins W. . .Dec, 3, 1889 Walton, E. T April 16, 1892 Walton, Fred'k M. . . .Feb. 24, 1888 tWALTON, F. T Dec. 14, 1866 Walton, Henry F Oct. 11,1894 tWALTON, James M Nov. 16, 1865 JWalton, John M Mar. 13, 1884 Walton, S. Davis Sept. 13, 1894 Wanamaker, John. . . .May 28, 1880 Wanamaker, Wm. H. . .June 10, 1896 Warburton, Barclay H Aug. 3, 1897 ♦Warburton, Chas. E. .Nov. 8, 1869 ♦Ward, m.d., Eliab . . . .Mar. 24, 1863 tWARD, Fleetwood., j?^^''- 5.1873 I. Dec. 10, 1881 Date of Admission. fWARD, Hiram Sept. 13 fWARD, Wm Jan. 17 Warden, Wm. G Mar. 16 Warden, Herbert W. .Feb. 21 Warder, M.D. , Chas. B. Mar. 10 fWARLEY, Charles F. . .June 16 Warne, Theodore V. .Mar. 14 ♦Warne, William B.. . .Nov. 15 Warner, B. H. H July 15 ♦Warner, Redwood F. .Jan. 22 IWarnock, William ... Feb. 22 Warren, Albert M...May 11 Warren, E. Burgess. .Dec. 9 Warren, Henry M. . . . Dec. 17 tWARREN, L. H April 8 Warthman, C. H Nov. 13 Warwick, Charles F. .Dec. 5 fWASHBURNE, Wm, S. . . .Mar. 19 Waterhouse, a. N. . . .July 21 Waters, Daniel A. .. .April 7 Watkin, Howard . . . .Mar. 15 Watkinson, George.. Feb. 8 tWATMOUGH, John G. -f J!;^;, ^7 ' ■' I. June 14 fWATMOUGH, Pendle- ton G May 24 fWATSON, Adolphus E. .July 1, ♦Watson, Charles Feb. 9 ♦Watson, Frank D April 6 Watson, Frank R. . . . .May 27 Watson, George April 27 Watson, George J.. . .Feb. 14 Watson, Henry W. . . .April i Watson, James V Mar. 3 tWATSON, Peter May 12 fWATSON, Rudulph J.. .May 22 fWATSON, William C...July 15 Watt, Charles C Jan. 15 ♦Wattles, John D Dec. 30 IWatts, Henry M Jan. 17 JWatts, Wm. M Nov. 14 IWattson, John B April 17 IWattson, L. T Sept. 20 JWattson, Thomas. .. .May 30 ♦Wattson, Thomas B. . .Jan. 21 ♦Wattson, Thomas D. . . May i tWAUGH, John H Mar. 12 Way, Joseph Mar. 16 tWAY, J. Tunis Dec. 28, JWeatherly, Jr., David May 13 Weaver, Clement. . . .Aug. 14, Weaver, Edwin C Dec. 8 1866 1868 1897 1901 1879 1897 1863 1863 1896 1880 1891 1872 1890 1888 1864 1896 1886 1897 1898 1864 1865 1865 1863 1880 1899 1863 1890 1887 1863 1865 1865 1865 1896 1886 1863 1865 1868 1865 1863 1863 1865 1884 1891 1872 1865 1896 1888 520 The Officers and Members Name. Date of Admission. ♦Weaver, George J.. . .Feb. 26, Weaver, J, H Nov. 17, ♦Weaver, Michael. . . .May 7, tWsAVER, Robert F. . .Jan. 30, Webb, Charles J Mar. 10, tWEBB, Edwin H Oct. 12, Webb, Frank P Jan. 29, ■f Webster, Benjamin C. July 7, Webster, Edmund. . . .Sept. 29, Webster, George S. . .Oct. 10, tWEBSTER, La Fayette L June 13, tWEBSTER, Thomas. .. .Jan. 22, fWEEKS, E. O June 9, fWEEKS, Wm. H June 27, ♦Weightman, M.D., John F Nov. s, ♦Weightman, Jr., m.d., Wm Feb. 12, Weigley, W. W April 13, ♦Weihenmayer, a Jan. 18, tWEiMER, John S July 10, tWEiR, Wm. B Mar. " Weiser, H. S Feb. tWELD, William F Feb. fWELD, Jr., William F. .Jan. tWsLLES, Fred'k L Feb. JWelling, Charles H. .Jan. 9, Wellman, S. T Feb. 15, Wells, Benjamin G. ..Jan. 12, Wells, Calvin Nov. 13, •Wells, Charles Mar. 17, •Wells, Charles Feb. 15, Wells, Clark H Mar. 2, Wells, Francis Feb. 16, Wells, Kirk B Jan. 21, Wells, Samuel C June 26, tWELSH, William Jan. 8, Wentz, Daniel B Mar. 17, Wentz, John L Mar. 17, Wentz, John S Mar. 17, Wenzell, Sam'l S May 16, ♦Wern'wag, Theodore. Oct. 10, ♦Wernwag, Wm. P May i, fWERTZ, Sam'l A Oct. i, Wesley, John M Mar. 13, West, Harry F Feb. 12, tWEST, M.D., Hilborne .Jan. 13, •J-West, Wm Aug. 16, West, Wm. P Dec. 11, tWESTERMAN, CHARLES.May 25, ■fWETHERILL, ALFRED N. Dec. I, 18, 16, 28, 23. 6, 1863 1888 1870 1866 1892 1866 1898 i86s 1866 189s 1864 1863 1890 1865 1880 1885 1872 1883 1863 1865 1892 1879 1882 1866 1863 1892 1898 1888 1865 1868 186s 1863 1863 1896 1863 1897 1897 1897 1883 1864 1865 1866 1896 188s 1866 1865 1893 1869 1865 Date of Name. Admission. tWETHERILL, CHRISTO- PHER Feb. 16, 1863 tWETHERILL, F. D May i6, 1870 tWETHERILL, George D. Feb. 9, 1863 tWETHERiLL,jR. , George D Sept. 21, 1869 ♦Wetherill, John Price Jan. 8, 1863 Wetherill, John Price Jan. 18, 1896 Wetherill, Richard. .Aug. 30, 1884 Wetherill, Robert.. May 21,1892 tWETHERILL, SAMUEL..Feb. 21,1863 JWetherill, Samuel/ May 6, 1870 P I June 15, 1883 ♦Wetherill, m.d., Wil- liam April 28, 1865 JWetherill, Wm. H. .. .Dec. 3,1884 tWETMORE, H. Stanley May 26, 1865 Wetter, Charles G. . .Dec. 15, 1897 tWEYL, Nathan Oct. 9, 1867 JWharton, Jr., CHAS..Mar. 13,1863 JWharton, Charles W. Jan. 9,1863 ♦Wharton, Daniel C. . .May 29, 1865 ♦Wharton, Edward. . .Jan. 26,1865 tWHARTON, Jr., George W May 13, 1865 tWHARTON, Joseph. .. .Jan. 22,1868 fWHARTON, Roberts.. .Jan. 8, 1883 Wheeler, Andrew. . .Feb. 7,1863 ♦Wheeler, Charles. . .Feb. 21,1863 tWHEELER, Joseph K.. .Feb. 28,1863 Whelen, Charles S. . .Dec. 26, 1871 tWHELEN, Jr., Henry. .Jan, 25, 1873 fWHETHAM, Charles H.Jan. 6, 1872 Whetstone, Claude G.Jan. 12,1898 tWniLLDiN, Alexander Feb. 14, 1863 •J-Whilldin, Jr., Alex- ander Oct. 30, 1868 tWniLLDiN, L. M Sept. 20, 1870 •fWniTAKER, George W Dec. 2, 1865 tWniTAKER, Joseph R. .Nov. 24, 1865 Whitaker, Robert. . .Jan. 17,1882 tWniTAKER, Wm. M April 22, 1868 ♦White, GEORGE H...{Oct-7,j865 tWniTE, George W. . . .July 15, 1865 JWhite, Henry C July i, 1865 {White, Henry J May 16,1863 •[White, James W Oct. 13, 1863 JWhite, J. Atlee May i, 1865 521 The Union League of Philadelphia Date of Name, Admission. White, J. Clarence. I ^^^- '^ fWHiTE, Jr., J. De Haven April 22 fWHiTE, John P April 8 IWhite, John R Sept. 4 fWHiTE, Jr., John R. .. .April 6 tWHiTE, J. William.. {g|^^; ^°| tWniTE, Robert B Mar. 20 ♦White, Samuel S Feb. 21 White, Samuel S Jan. 2 White, Jr., Samuel S. .Sept. 22 ♦White, William R. ...Jan. 10 tWHiTE, William R. . . .May 24 tWniTE, W. J. P April 20 IWhitehead, G. Irvine June 12 tWniTiNG, J. H. C Mar. 6 Whiting, John H. C. . .May i Whitman, Horace F. . . Nov. 2 Whitmer, Robert F. . .June 10 ♦Whitney, Asa Jan. 19 ♦Whitney, E. D Feb. 1 1 tWniTNEY, George. .. .Jan. 9 IWhitney, James S Jan. 19 Whitney, J. P Aug. 2 fWniTNEY, John R Jan. 19 tWniTNEY, L. F Sept. 4 JWhitney, W. Beau- mont Jan. 14 ♦Whittaker, John April 12 ♦Wickersham, John B. .Feb. 23 fWicKHAM, Delos O. . .Jan. 13 fWiDDis, Cornelius C. .Dec. 10 Widener, George D. .April 16 WiDENER, Peter A. B. . Aug. 3 Wiederseim, Wm. Caner Dec. 27 WiEDERSHEIM, JOHN A. Feb. 22 Wiedersheim, Theo. E Jan. 14 Wiedersheim, Wm. A. .Aug. 5 fWiEGAND, Adam E April 13 fWiEGAND, Jr., John . . .Dec. 14 Wiener, Edward May 11 ♦Wiener, Lewis Mar. 18, 1882 WiGTON, F. H Dec. 20, 1881 ♦Wigton, Richard B,. .Oct. 9, 1866 WiGTON, Theodore H. .Dec. 10,1897 tWiGTON, W. H Mar. 11, 1890 fWiLBUR, Horace P. .. .May 17,1865 Wilbur, W. N April 7,1897 1873 1871 1863 1884 1893 1872 1880 1863 1863 1890 1880 1863 1870 1867 1868 1873 1896 1897 1897 1863 1863 1863 1863 1888 1863 1866 188s 1884 1876 1900 1886 1887 1868 1900 1871 1893 1870 1868 Date of Name. Admission. ♦Wilcox, Edmund Jan. i, 1864 ♦Wilcox, Samuel Mar. 17, 1863 tWiLDMAN, James G. .. .May 12,1865 tWiLE, Wm. H Oct. 9,1871 ♦Wiley, Wm. M Aug. 6,1873 fWiLKiNS, Joseph R. .. .May 5,1863 fWiLKiNS, Jr., Joseph R.Sept. 20, 1870 Wilkinson, Charles Benjamin Dec. 11, 1888 Wilkinson, Ogden D. .Jan. 13,1898 Willard, Dwight D. . .Sept. 6, 1899 ♦WiLLARD, Dwight D. . .Dec. 13, 1875 Willard, Frank M. . . .Mar. 4, 1896 Williams, B. Frank. .April 20, 1883 fWiLLiAMS, Charles. . .Mar. 20,1863 fWiLLiAMS, Charles. . .Dec. 18,1872 fWiLLiAMS, Charles P. .May 1,1865 fWiLLiAMS, Daniel M.. .Oct. 9,1872 ♦Williams, m.d., Ed- ward H May 20, 1870 fWiLLiAMS, Edward J.. Feb. 20, 1872 fWiLLiAMs, Ellis D.... April 25, 1876 fWiLLiAMS, Frank H...Nov. 15, 1866 fWiLLiAMs, George W. .Mar. i, 1865 fWiLLiAMS, Henry J. . . .Mar. 23,1863 Williams, Henry S. .. .Mar. 16,1891 Williams, Horace G. .Jan. 17, 1899 ♦Williams, John Oct. 8,1868 fWiLLiAMS, M.D., Tho- mas C Oct. 27, 1868 Williams, Wm. F Nov. 20, 1889 fWlLLIAMSON, C. S April 19, 1865 Williamson, Frank. . .Feb. 12, 1890 fWlLLIAMSON, MAHLON.July 3,1865 fWiLLiAMSON, Robert S Aug. 29, 1867 fWlLLIAMSON, M.D., Wal- ter Feb. 18, 1863 Williamson, W. C Jan. 9, 1901 ♦Willing, M.D. , Charles Feb. 28, 1863 fWiLLiNG, Edward Shippen Feb. 11, 1863 Willing, James Edgar Feb. 18, 1899 Willing, John Nov. 15, 1889 tWiLLiNG, Richard L. . .Feb. 17,1865 ♦Willis, Charles E. . . .July 15, 1865 Wills, A. E Nov. 16, 1888 Willson, Robert N. . .Jan. 16, 1873 tWiLSON, Benjamin P. .Nov. 25, 1871 Wilson, Charles A. . . .Oct. 14, 1882 tWiLSON, Edward W. . .June 21, 1865 ♦Wilson, m.d. , Ellwood Jan. 18,1863 522 The Officers and Members Date of Name. Admission. Wilson, E. H April 25 *WiLSON, Franklin S. . . Mar. 2 1 Wilson, George B. . . .Jan. 13 Wilson, G. Searing. .Jan. 3 fWiLSON, M.D., James C. .Mar. 22 t Wilson, John A April 15 fWiLSON, John G Mar. 1 1 Wilson, John L Jan. 16 t Wilson, John S Ji^ly 27 Wilson, Joseph Laps- ley Mar. 9 ♦Wilson, J. Bernard. .Nov. 21 Wilson, J. Dale Dec. 21 *WiLS0N, Matthew. .. .Jan. 20 fWiLSON, Oliver How- ard Oct. 9 *WiLSON, Randall W. . . Jan. 2 1 Wilson, Thomas H. . . . Dec. 9 *WiLS0N, Walter G. . . . Dec. 1 1 ♦Wilson, Wm. C May 13 ♦Wilson, William H...Feb. 26 fWiLSON, William M. . .Oct. 29 ♦Winch, A Dec. 10 ♦Windrim, James H. . . . Nov. 5 fWiNEBRENER, David S. Oct. 17 ♦Winkler, M.D., Gustav June 15 tWiNSOR, Henry Feb. 26 fWiNSOR, James D June i Wise, Homer Jan. 27 fWisE, John April 14 Wise, John S Feb. 14 Wiseman, John J^^ly 22 WisTAR, C. Cresson. . .Sept. 19 Wistar, Dillwyn Jan. 15 fWisTAR, John April 12 jWisTAR, M.D., Thomas. Sept. 20 fWisTAR, W. H Feb. 14 Wister, Jr., a. W Sept. 10 fWisTER, Francis Oct. 23 tWisTER, Jones July 3 fWisTER, Langhorne. .Oct. i8 §Wister, Rodman Feb. 18 fWiSTER, William Dec. i Wister, W. Rotch. . . .Jan. 18 tWiTHEROw, James P.. .Jan. 10 t Withers, Joseph S. . . .April 3 WoEBKEN, August W. .April 16 tWoELPPER, David July 29 fWoELPPER, David A. . .Feb. 14 tWoELPPER, George ... Mar. 5 ♦Wolbert, Fred'k G. ..Jan. 10 fWoLCOTT, John R Jan. 22 Date of Admission. 1883 1863 1897 1899 1872 1863 1873 1897 1865 1872 1867 1885 1863 1880 189s 1872 1892 1863 1864 1868 1892 1865 1865 1863 1864 1898 1870 1881 1890 1870 1890 1867 1870 1863 1897 1866 1865 1866 1867 1865 1863 1888 1863 1898 1865 1868 1873 1865 1890 Name WoLP, Otto C Mar. 18 tWoMRATH, Fred'k K.. .May 17 fWooD, Alan July 11 Wood ♦Wood Wood JWOOD tWooD ♦Wood tWooD Wood tWooD fWooD JWOOD JWOOD fWoOD fWoOD Wood ♦Wood Wood tWooD fWooD tWooD ♦Wood LEY fWoOD Wood JWooD Wood fWooD Jr., Alan.... {J--^ A. Hunter. .. .May 14 Andrew G Feb. i Charles M Dec. 10 Edward R...{J,t-5 Frank W Sept. 2 7 George June i George Feb. 1 1 George A Jan. 22 George R May 1 7 Henry July 21 Howard Oct. 18 James P Sept. 14 Joseph July 12 J. R July s Randolph July 18 Richard Jan. 27 Robert Sept. 27 R. Francis. . . .June 16 Thomas Jan. 30 Thomas Chalk- May 2 7 Thomas S April 2 T. Stewart. . . .July 17 Walter Feb. 3 William Dec. 12 William M Aug. 21 WooDiN, W. H Mar. 1 1 Woodman, George B. .April 16 ♦Woodruff, Charles H. Sept. 15 Woodruff, Jr., Charles H July 9 Woodruff, Clinton Rogers Dec. 3 1 ♦Woodruff, Frank H. .Oct. 16 Woodruff, Frank O. .Mar. 9 ♦Woodruff, Jonah. .. .Oct. 27 Woods, Cyrus E Feb. 1 1 {Woods, m.d., D. Fla-JNov. 30 VEL 1 June 17 Woods, S. S Jan. 5 t Woods, Thomas Oct. 30 WooDSiDE, John W. ... Dec. 23 Woodward, B. J- ■ • • { dIc! ^8, t Woodward, Edwin A. .May 17 Woodward, Harry C. .Dec. 5 1901 1865 1863 1865 1882 1883 1897 1885 1863 1880 1893 1872 1897 1863 1865 1880 1884 1866 1865 1889 1872 1863 1870 1871 1865 1863 1863 1897 1873 1889 1883 1898 1885 1880 1900 1897 1884 1892 1866 1892 186s 1882 i»a2 1872 1881 1865 1883 523 The Union League of Philadelphia Name. Date of Admission. fWooDWARD, James G. .June 14 fWooDWARD, Joseph A. . Oct. 7 fWooDWARD, J. J Mar. 13 *WoODWARD, Wm. H. . . .Jan. 20 tWooLMAN, Sam'l C. ...April 6 tWooLSTON, J. W Feb. 28 *WooLVERTON, John P. .Nov. 12 Work, Milton C Jan. 12 Work, Robert D Dec. 22 fWoRK, Samuel June 3 fWoRKMAN, H. Weir. . .May i Worrell, Hibbard B. June 14 *WoRTH, S. B Jan. 21 Worth, Wm. P Mar. 31 tWoRTHINGTON, B.C.. .Jan. 3 fWoRTHINGTON, Wm. G. Feb. 5 Wray, Clarence A. .. .Feb. 18 Wray, James C April 11 Wray, Sam'l W Feb. 13 t Wright, Charles Jan. 3 t Wright, Charles A. . .Jan. 6 IWright, Charles B. . .May 12 JWright, Jr., C. B April 21 fWRiGHT, Edward N. ..Feb. 27 JWright, James A Feb. 20 fWRiGHT, John Feb. 16 ♦Wright, John April 18 ♦Wright, John A May 22 ♦Wright, J. Hood Jan. 23 ♦Wright, John W Jan. 28 ♦Wright, Richard Mar. 5 fWRiGHT, Theodore. . .Aug. 29 Wright, Thomas B. . . . Mar. 15 ♦Wright, Walter C. .. .Mar. 20 Wright, William Sept. 15 fWRiGHT, Wilson April 20 fWRiGHT, W. R Dec. 13 fWuRTS, M.D., ChAS. Stewart Feb. 28 Wyeth, Frank H July 10 Wyeth, Maxwell. ... Dec. 10 fWYMAN, D.D.S., Harry P Nov. 12 Wyman, D.D.S., Joseph P Nov. 12 1872 1868 1869 1863 1870 1863 187s 1898 1879 1863 1865 1901 1868 1894 1873 1873 1882 1882 1892 1873 1895 1865 1882 1863 1863 1863 1872 1865 1866 1873 1863 1872 1897 1888 1897 1872 1872 1863 1863 1896 Name. fYARD, Jr., Edmund. . . . Yard, Henry H ♦Yardley, J. Martin. . . Yarnall, Ellis Yarnall, E. a •Yarnall, F. C Yerkes, a. J Yerkes, Charles T. . . Yerkes, Harry E. . . . ♦Yerkes, Wm. H fYoRKB, Wm ♦Young, Armar fYouNG, George ♦Young, George I.. . . J Young, Horace L. . . . t Young, James ♦Young, James F Young, James Ran KIN tYouNG, James S tYouNG, John L ♦Young, John Rus-j sell 1 Young, John R Young, J. Benton. . . fYouNG, Lewis T fYouNG, Lewis T Young, William J. . . . Date of Admission. Oct. 15 Jan. 13 Sept. 12 Jan. 9 May 7 Dec. 5 Mar. 14 Jan. 16 Mar. 28 April 12 June 18 Mar. 28 Mar. 27 April 8 Feb. 16 Nov. 3 Oct. 14 July 2 Jan. 22 Aug. 24 Jan. 16 Dec. 5 Sept. 16 Sept. 15 Oct. 18 Jan. 13 Oct. 19 1867 1891 1879 1863 1894 1884 1873 1863 1872 1873 1870 1864 1863 1879 1883 1863 1891 1894 1863 1866 1863 1882 1893 1863 1880 1881 1897 Zane, Anthony M Dec. 3 fZANE, Joel Aug. 19 Zane, Judson M Oct. 7 ♦Zantzinger, Alfred. .Aug. 22 fZANTZINGER, Ernest . .July 3, Zehnder, C. H Feb. 22 fZiEGLER, George J. . . .May 6 fZiEGLER, Henry S Aug. 29 Z I E G L E R , M.D., S. Lewis Oct. 13, 1892 ZlEGLER, M.D., WALTER M. L April IS, 1895 fZiNN, George May 10, 1878 ZooK, J. Gust Sept. 23, 1898 1897 1864 1897 1868 1865 1897 1863 1872 524 The Officers and Members CORRESPONDENTS' ROLL Established January ii, 1870. Abolished December 12, 1887, to take effect December x, 18 Explanation of signs: * Deceased, t Resigned. 11 Roll aboUshed. J Transferred to Army, Navy, and Consular Roll. i Transferred to Active Roll. Name. Date. tABBOTT,W. Stevenson May 25, *Adams, H. a Oct. 15, tAoDiCKS, Joseph T. . . .Jan. 20, IAkeku, S Nov. 12, tALBERT, John S Dec. 19, tALBRiGHT, John Joseph Nov. 16, IAntes, C. H Mar. 14, §Appleton, W. Hyde. . .Jan. 16, tARMES, F. H May 5, §Armstrong, E. A Jan. 17, § Armstrong, Wm. H. . . .July 12, ♦Arnsthal, L. G Jan. 20, fAscH, Joseph J Jan. 13, JAscH, M. J May 22, fATWooD, J. W Sept. 10, ? Avery, Chari.es F...{^aX^ ^8. JAymar, Edmund B Dec. 15, tAvRES, S. L. P Mar. 31, tBACHE,A.D {Nov. 3, tBACHE, George M Jan. 14, tBACON, John Dec. 16, IIBailey, D. E Aug. 3, IIBailey, J. Trowbridge Dec. 8, IJBaily, Charles L Feb. 25, JBakewell, Jr., Ben- jamin May I, tBALDWiN, D. Lord. . . .Jan. 14, §Bancroft, Jr., Samuel Jan. 16, IBarker, S. P Nov. 30, JBarnard, J. W April 18, fBATES, Jr., Martin. .. .July 11, *Beaumont, M.D., H. N.Jan. 14, Name. Date. 1872 §Beaver, James A Jan. ig, 1881 1874 fBELL, Jr., Wm. R Jan. 21,1884 1872 JBenson, N. R Sept. 20, 1876 1875 JBerwind, E. J April 10, 1872 1871 JBiCKEL, J. F April 15, 1885 1880 §BiRCHARD, Harvey L. .July 2, 1883 1872 fBLUNT, S. E Jan. 14, 1875 1875 fBouGHTON, C. Frank. .Nov. 16, 1883 1876 JBouTCHER, C. S July 12,1870 1887 JBouTELLE, F. A Jan. 5,1884 1887 IIBoyd, James April 30, 1885 1873 fBoYTS, John H Dec. 10, 1870 1874 fBRADFORD, Ed. F Jan. 14, 1873 1872 fBRAKER, Jr., C Feb. 15,1887 1872 §Breneman, B. F Feb, 12,1870 1876 IBright, George A. . . .Oct. 16, 1876 1882 §Brock, Arthur July 26,1887 1886 fBROOKMiRE, Jambs H. .Nov. 4,1873 1875 JBroomall, Henry L.. .May 22,1884 §Brosius, M. L Jan. 19, 1881 §Brown, Charles War- 1871 DELL Dec. 13, 1887 1880 fBROWN, J. Stewart. . .Jan. 14,1875 1873 fBucK, Chester J Dec. 23,1884 187s fBuEHLER, M.D., H. B...Dec. 29,1881 1887 JBuEHLER, Wm. G July 12,1870 1886 fBuRTis, Arthur Feb. 17,1874 1885 fBYINGTON, W. W April 18, 1881 1872 1875 tCADWALADER, A. S Oct. 1,1875 1871 §Cake, J. F Jan. 9,1872 1875 ICalder, Jr., George . .Feb. 28, 1879 1872 IICanby, Edward T Dec. 8,1882 1882 IjCanby, William Dec. 8,1883 1875 tCAPP, Samuel H Mar. 14, 1870 52s The Union League of Philadelphia Name. fCARLE, Edward H IICarnegie, Andrew... ♦Carnegie, Thomas M. IICarstairs, Dan'l H. . . JCasey, Jr., Silas . . . . -j fCASEY, Thomas K IICattell, W. C JCheyney, W. a IChurchman, Caleb... fCnURCHMAN, F. A §Churchman, George.. IClayton, Geokge W. . . fCLEM, John L IIClingan, a. H IJClingan, Charles B. . . jCocHRAN, George . . . . tCocHRANE, H. Clay.-! ICOLBRON, W. T • collum, r. s JCongosto, Jos6 ICONWAY, W. P ■ Cooper, Charles L. . . . §CooPER, Thomas V. . . . fCoRSON, N. B §CoxE, W. E. C fCRAVEN, H. S f Crosby, Peirce tCROSSAN, J. McD tCuNDALL, J. H fCuNNINGHAM, JOHN S. . fCuNNINGHAM, WILSON. Date. Jan. 8, Mar. 2 1, .Sept. 10, Jan. 21, Jan. IS, Dec. 15, Nov. 26, Jan. 25, May s. Mar. 13, Mar. 13, Jan. 31, July 25. Jan. II, Jan. 20, Dec. 5, Aug. 25, May 18, Nov. I, April 21, Sept. 25, Dec. 8, Dec. 10, Mar. 30, Oct. 2, Jan. II, Oct. 18, Oct. 3, May 14, Nov. II, Oct. I, April 10, Dec. 6, Name. Date. 1872 1885 1885 1886 187s 1879 1877 1873 1870 1872 1872 1872 1884 1883 1887 1887 1884 1872 1886 1886 1876 1882 i88i 1884 1879 1878 1870 187s 1879 1870 fDALLAM, W. L May 19, t Dana, J.J. Oct. 28, *Dana, S. W Dec. 9, IIDaRLING, J. VAUGHAN.Oct. 1 7, IIDavidson, M. T Nov. 27, IIDavis, L. M Jan. 13, tDAWES, J. K Sept. 28, IDawson, L. L Dec. 28, IIDayton, a. O X^"^ ^• IDayton, J. H Feb. 14, IDean, M.D., Richard C.'Jan. 3, IDemerritt, John F.. . .May 25, IDemuth, George June 10, §Db Silver, Frank H.. .Sept. 10, IDetmold, Wm. L Jan. 26, fDE Veber, L. George. May 11, ?DicK, F. A June 14, Dickson, Fred S July 21, 1874 187s 1880 1885 1882 1886 1870 1871 1887 1884 1881 1872 1872 1884 1881 1870 1871 1871 IIDickson, H. C Jxme 2, 1887 t Dillingham, J. B Mar. 7,1871 §Dingee, Charles Jan. 10, 1884 iDivEN, George M May 27, 1887 [Donnellan, M.D., P. S.Dec. 8, 1887 Doughty, E. A Dec. 27, 1877 Drum, Richard C Sept. 20, 187 1 ^Dudley, Edward Jan. 15, 1887 §Dudley, Thomas H. . .Sept. 26, 1872 IIDuNNiNG, Augustus W June 13, 1884 ||Du Pont, Wm June 17, 1887 tEASTON, L. V Aug. 16, 1872 §Elliott, James H April 16, 1874 ♦Elliott, John R Oct. 28, 1878 fELLSWORTH, H. G Oct. 12,1883 JEmory, Campbell D.. .Sept. 20, 187 1 ♦Eshleman, B. F Jan. 24, 1872 ^Eshleman, B. Frank. .April 8, 1879 *Etting, Henry Dec. 11,1872 tEvANS, B. D Jan. 12, 1875 §EvANS, Charles April 10, 1882 *EvERHART, J. B May 9, 187 1 §Eyster, George S Mar. 24, 1880 tFAGAN, L. E I IIFarley, Philip H tFARR, H. G. H §Felsenheld, D IIFerguson, Walton... §FiELD, John W JFiELD, Thomas Y IIFisH, Fred'k S ♦Fisher, Harvey IIFisHER, John J tFiTCH, H. W I "Fletcher, W. Scott.. : :Forsyth, James M ■Fox, S. T ■Frailey, Wm. H IFranklin, George M. . §Freeman, E. Coleman. §Freeman, Wm. Cole- man tFRENZEL, Arthur B.. . §Frick, Wm. C Jan. 10, July 13. May 12, Sept. 25, Dec. 10, Oct. 28, June 22, Mar. 16, Oct. I, Mar. 10, Oct. 22, Nov. 12, Feb. 10, Mar. 15, Feb. 24, May 24, April 10, May 17, Oct. s, Sept. 25, Mar. 22, Nov. Q, 1872 1885 1886 187s 1881 1885 1872 1877 1885 1874 1884 187s 1887 187s 1887 1871 1874 1881 1883 1883 1883 1886 526 The Officers and Members Name. Date. tGAGE, Charles O Dec. lo, IGarrett, Jesse Nov. i6, §Gause, H. W Feb. 8, IGazzam, Joseph M May 17, tGlLBERT, H Jan. 17, JGiLBERT, Lyman D. ...May 3, JIGiLPiN, F. L Dec. 20, fGoiNG, Henry B Jan. 13, *GOLDSBOROUGH, J. R. . .Dec. 9, ilGooDHART, A. E Sept. 18, tGoRDON, George C. . . .Dec. 13, IIGraef, A Feb. 12, IGrannis, James E Mar. 12, §Gray, J. B Nov 29, tGREEN, Edward H. ...May 20, ~ ' 6, 13. tGREEN, Henry Feb IGregory, C. E Dec §Grey, S. H April 20 fGROW, Galusha a July 25 §Grundy, Joseph R. . . .Dec. 10 §Grundy, Wm. H Nov. 16 fGuARNA, SqUITTI DI Palermiti'e Mar. 23 tGuRNEY, A. L July 25 1879 1882 1883 1879 1872 1873 1873 1876 1873 1882 1881 1886 1880 1876 1870 1871 1873 1885 1872 1885 1882 1887 1872 tHALL, Frank L Feb. 16, •Hall, P. P. G July 14, ■Hall, R. T Dec. 7, ■Hall, W. Frank Nov. 16, IHamilton, Edmond H. Feb. 25, 'Hardie, James A Dec. 13, tHARKER, Jr., C. M Sept. 5, IIHart, Lane S May 26, §Harvey, Wm. J Feb. 12, tHASHAGEN, Jr., John. .Jan. 3, §Hastings, D. H Sept. 15, ?Haupt, S. B Feb. 14, tHAWLEY, Charles E. .Jan. 15, tHAYDEN, F. V July 29, tHAYS, Charles P July 4, JHazard, Spencer H.. .April 22, *Heald, J. T Jan. 8, ■Hbaton, a. G Jan. 15, ■Heaton, R. C May 5, IHebard, Charles Mar. 20, ■Herr, Daniel C Jan. 15, IHerriman, Jr., John. .Dec. 29, [Heston, James D Feb. 16, ■Hewes, Emlen July 12, IHeyl, E. M Feb. 2, ■•Highborn, Philip Jan. 24, fHiGGiNS, Anthony. . . .Nov. 26, 1883 1884 1883 1882 1882 1873 1872 1885 1887 1873 1887 1887 1874 1880 1871 1870 1876 1874 1870 1885 1884 1884 1884 1882 1882 1880 1872 Namk. Date. IIHill, Ed-ward Dec. 18, 1886 J.TLT TT T S Jan. 10, 1871 tHiLL, Horace L | \^^^ ^g_ ^g^^ IIHillman, H. Baker. . .Oct. 20, 1885 JHiNES, H. K Nov. 12, 1892 JHoDGES, Henry C Sept. 14, 187 1 tHoFF, Henry K Nov. 28, 1871 ■fHOFFECKER, Jr., J. H. .Oct. 9, 1875 JHOLABIRD, S. B Nov. IS, 1882 JHoLBROOK, E. F April 17, 1885 fHoLLiSTER, Douglas. .July 9, 1885 |HooPES, Abner Dec. 17, 1886 •Hopkins, H. M Dec. 8,1874 :HoRD, Wm. T Dec. 7, 1887 [Howe, Frank P Oct. 11,1887 §HuMES, William P.. . .Jan. 21, 1886 (iHuNT, Alfred Jan. 15, 1874 §Hyneman, a. a Sept. 24, 1880 flRViNE, M. C Mar. 3,1883 •J^Irwin, James B Jan. 20, 1873 •flRWiN, John H Mar. 12, 1887 IIJackson, John B Dec. 9, 1887 tjENKiNS, H. M May 8, 1872 tjENKiNS, James G Sept. 26, 1872 •J-Jennings, W. W July i, 1885 §Johnson, Wm. S July 10, 1884 tJOHNSTON, J. L Oct. 28, 1880 tJoRDAN, T. Kearney. .Sept. 14, 1880 tJoYCE, J. Jay Oct. 21, 1879 fKELTON, Allan C §Kerlin, M.D., Isaac N. JKiNG, Albert tKiNG, J. W §KiNG, Thomas M tKiNG, W. F tKiNG, W. S fKlNGSBURY, E. P •fKlTCHING, F. W IKlTTINGER, M.D., LEON- ARD §KlTTINGER, M.D., L. A. fKNEASS, Frank JKnight, Daniel R. . . ■f Knight, H. W April 17. 1874 June 12, 1885 Mar. Q, I87,'; Dec. n. 1881 Dec. 18, 188"; Nov. i^, 1882 Feb. 19, 1872 Mar. IQ, 1883 April 17, 1874 June I0| 1884 Dec. IS. 1883 luly II, i87,S Oct. 2S. 1871 Dec. 14, 1881 fLACHLAN, J. M Jan. 10, 1882 ■J-La Motte, W. a Feb. 14, 1883 527 The Union League of Philadelphia Name. Date, IILander, George Aug. 17, IILawson, W. S Nov. 16, §Lea, Joseph T May 23, fLEA, Richard M Jan. 7, §Leisenring, E. B Feb. 19, IILewis, Albert April 26, JLiNDSAY, M. B Jan. 14, JILiPPiNCOTT, E. E Jan. 4, fLivERMORE, W. Harri- son Dec. 8, tLocKE, D. R Mar. 8, §LoNGWELL, William H.July 6, SI^— -H.B {g;^^ tLuCKENBACH, W. D. . . .Dec. 15, ILynch, D Jan. 12, tMcCARTER, James Nov. 11, §McCartney, W. H Aug. 8, f McCauley, L. G April 20, §McClary, W. J July 14, IIMcCoMB, S. C Dec. 14, IIMcCormick, Henry C. .Sept. 22, JMcDaniel, C. a May 13, §McElmell, Jackson. .Feb. 9, §McGowAN, John Mar. 14, fMcKiM, J. Miller Mar. 14, fMcMuRTRiE, D Dec. 19, JMcPherson, J. B Oct. 14, *Mahon, James D Sept. 28, fMANCHESTER, C. N April lO, §Marshall, Thomas W. Dec. 13, IMartin, a. F. R Nov. 16, §Massey, George V. . . .Mar. 9 tMAV.S.H {?-- §Megear, Alter Oct. 8 §Mellon, Andrew W. .. Oct. 20 fMENDENHALL, Henry. . Nov. 9 fMENZiES, William. .. .July 14 JMenzies, Jr., William. July 14 §Mercur, Rodney A. . . .June 13 fMERRiLL, George P. . .Jan. 16 JMerrill, Lewis Nov. 23 JMerrill, Paul B Dec. 8 IMetcalf, Henry Oct. 7 IMiller, a. F Jan. 13 tMiLLER, E. E April 30 tMiLLER, E. H July 23 fMiLLER, Reuben Dec. 21 §MiLLER, Richard R. . . . Nov. 10 fMoNECHESi, N. R Nov. ii 1886 1883 1870 1871 1885 1886 1873 1872 1886 1872 1880 1879 1871 1870 1882 1882 1882 1885 1887 1875 1875 1883 1870 1877 1873 1870 1873 1886 1882 1875 1881 1887 1878 1884 1880 1873 1873 1885 1872 1883 1873 187s 1874 1886 1873 1870 1887 1874 Name. fMoNTGOMERY, J. B fMoORE, G. G §MooRE, John M fMoRRisoN, Henry.... IIMorrison, Walter. . . §Moulton, Byron P. . . . fMuHLENBERG, Jr., H E *MULLANEY, J. R. M Murphy, Franklin... Murphy, Paul St. C. . . muzzey, h. w Muzzey, L. W Date. April 28, 1870 Jan. 14, 1879 July 10, 1884 Dec. 13, 1871 Oct. 28, 1887 Sept. 27, 1887 Dec. 8, 1874 Mar. 13, 1872 April 3, 1883 Sept. 16, 1882 July 18, 1871 May 8, 1871 §Neall, Robert C June 2, 1884 tNEiLL, Richard R Feb. 28, 1872 JNewbold, Wm. A Oct. 25,1871 fOLIPHANT, S. D April 18, 1873 {Oliver, Jr., H. W April 14, 1874 fOwEN, A. M May 19, 1874 fOwEN, F. C Nov. 22, 1875 tPARKER, Joseph B fPARKER, Jr., Joseph W, §Parrish, George H. \ fPARRY, Edward Owen . JPassmore, J. a. M IPemberton, Henry. . . IPerdue, J IPeterson, C. G fPnipps, Frank H §PiTCAiRN, Robert.... §P0RTER, J. L fPORTERFIELD, J. C fPOTTER, E. E fPRINCE, Wm §PusEY, Wm. W §Pyle, Frank fPYLE, Frederick Nov. I, 1882 Jan. 30. 1873 Dec. 16, 1884 Nov. 12, 1887 May III 1871 Dec. 14, 1881; Oct. 17. 1871 April 12, 1872 June 10, 187b May 21, 1872 Feb. 14. 188^ Dec. 8, 1884 Mar. 2";, 1871 Feb. 14. 1887 Sept. 26, 1872 Nov. 17. 1882 May 17. 1882 June 23, 1882 tQuACKENBUSH, J. N. . . . April 30, 1870 §Rambo, Wm. B Dec. 29, 1883 §Raser, Wm. H Mar. 16, 1874 §Rawle, Henry Oct. 28, 1880 tRsAD, John J May 22, 1872 528 The Officers and Members Name. Date, § Reed, James Dec. 9 ■J-Reeder, Wm. H Feb. 9 IRelyea, Chas, D Mar. 29 IRennyson, Wm Mar. 10 IRevere, F. B Sept. 27 tRHOADES, M.D., A. C. ( ^^X, '^ ' I April 1 7 ?RiCE, George Jan. 24 fRicHARDSON, A. S April 8 fRoBERTS, Joseph Nov. 17 tRoBINSON, R. I Nov. 4 tRoGERS, Howard D. ..Feb. JRoNALDSON, Charles E.Nov. 4 JRooT, W. J Jiily 1° fRusH, Richard Sept. 20 tRussELL, B. Reeves .. .Jan. 14 JRussELL, B. S April 3 tR-H.M.L {J,--- IIRuTTER, John R Feb. 25 IIRuTTER, J. E. T May 9 IIRuTTER, Thomas Feb. 20 tSACKETT, D. B Sept. 28 ISargeant, Redford W.Feb. 3 §Sargent, Jr., Win- THROP April 30 tSAWTELLE, C. G Sept. II fSAWYER, E. T Feb. 18 fSAXTON, RuFus May 14 fScHEFER, Ernest Mar. i fScHENCK, W. S Oct. 2 fScHOFiELD, John P.. . .June 20 fScHUYLER, Howard. . .Oct. 17 fScoTT, John B Dec. 7 tSEV]§, Edmund Jan. 19 IShackelford, H. a. . . . Nov. 16 JShackford, J. W July 6 §Shanley, B. M Dec. 21 fSHAW, M.D.,S. Francis. Dec. 3 fSHENK, R. H May 16 ■J-Shepard, E. M April 14 §Sheppard, Frank L. . .Oct. 16 §Shippen, Samuel S. . . .Jan. 15 §Shoemaker, G. a Dec. 19 IIShoemaker, H. F April 10 §Sims, Jr., John C Mar. 8 fSKEKis, S Nov. 17 tSKELDiNG, H. T May 24 •J-Slack, M.D., J. H Jan. 11 fSLAPE, Harry L Dec. 9 *Smith, George F Mar. i 34 , 1887 , 1875 1872 , 1886 , 1870 , 1870 , 1882 , 1887 , 1884 , 1882 , 1873 , 1884 , 1873 , 1872 , I87I , 1886 , 1872 , 1874 , 1878 , 1882 , 1883 , 1872 , I87I , 1880 , 1887 , 1872 , 1873 . 1875 , 1883 , 1880 , I87I , I87I , 1883 , I88I , I87I , 1874 , 1886 , 1878 , 1870 , 1887 , 1886 , 1886 , 1885 , 1878 1870 187^ 1883 I87I I88I , 1870 Name. Date. IISmith, J. E May 2, 1885 §Smith, L. Heber Dec. 30, 1886 ISmith, Persifor F Dec. 24, 1872 fSMYSER, John D May 27, 1872 §Spachman, Walter S. .Jan. 15, 1883 IjSPENCER, C. H Dec. 8, 1884 §Starr, Richard T Nov. 3, 1883 §Stauffer, D. McN April 3, 1872 fSTEARNS, Irving A. .. .Sept. 23, 1885 fSTEEDMAN, CHARLES. . .Jan. 3, 1874 fSTEELE, Joseph Oct. 21, 1882 {Sterling, Theodore W.June 10, 1879 JStevens, Wm. H Mar. 3, 1871 fSxEWART, H. H Mar. 16, 1877 fSxEWART, T. Scott. . . .May 4, 1872 JStickter, S Jan. 12, 1875 §Stockton, H. M April 11, 1884 JStokes, Samuel W. .. .Mar. 1,1870 IIStone, C. W Sept. 22, 1887 IIStone, George W Oct. 14, 1882 JStratton, James N. . . . Sept. 5, 1872 IStrong, A. M Dec. 9,1871 IStruthers, Jr., Rob- ert Mar. 2, 1885 IIStruthers, S. C Dec. 6, 1887 §Sturdevant, Chas. H..Dec. 19, 1883 fSwiFT, Wm. H April 17, 1871 JSylvester, Henry. . . .Jan. 2, 1872 tTANNER, Z. C June 24, 1874 ITaylor, Franklin. . . .Feb. 12, 1870 JTaylor, H. Genet. . . .Aug. 9, 1871 tTAYLOR, M. B Aug. 9,1871 ITaylor, W. H July 27, 1870 ITaylor, Wm. S April 2, 1873 §Thaw, Jr., Wm Jan. 3, 1888 fTHOMAS, George C. . . .Mar. 27, 1880 fTHOMPSON, Lewis July 18, 1871 JThompson, S. H Dec. 22, 1879 JThompson, Theodore S June 20, 1887 fTHROPP, Joseph E Oct. 24, 1884 tTiLGE, George E. . . | f-P"! ^°' ^878 ' I Jan. 9, 1883 tTiNKHAM, James H. . | f-P^' ^7, 1870 I Jan. 29, 1876 tToDD, Lemuel Mar. 3, 1873 *Torbet, a. T. a May 13, 1879 tTowNSEND, J. W June 19, 1871 JTreadwell, T. J May 24, 1873 IITripp, Chas. E Mar. 12, 1886 529 The Union League of Philadelphia Name. Date. tVAN Vleit, S Oct. 11,187s ■J-Vezin, Otto C April 18, 1870 §VooRHEES, Peter V. ..Dec. 29, 1882 fVossioN, Louis Mar. 7, 1887 §Walker, R. J. C ♦Wallace, William... tWALTER, Joseph R. . . . IWanlick, Stewart... IWarburton, Edgar T. fWASHINGTON, HoRACE Lee tWATSON, George H. . . . tWEAKLEY, J. M §Weaver, J. H fWEiss, John H (Wells, Calvin ■'West, William ■■Weston, Henry G ■■Wheeler, Fred. M. . . . fWHEELER, M. D ♦White, George H fWHiTE, George Q tWniTE, John C | fWHITEHEAD, Wm Feb. 2S. 1886 June 14. 1882 luly 2,^. i87,S Oct. Ill 187^ Dec. 10, 1886 Nov. 4. 188.; Dec. ■;, 1884 Nov. 2S. 1870 April 16, i88s .luly 27, i88s Jan. 14. 1870 Nov. 10, 1870 Jan. 21, 1871 Oct. ,S, 1871 luly 17. 1872 Dec. 6, 1883 Nov. 16, 1871 Jan. 7. 1884 Jan. 14. 1887 Feb. 17, 1874 Name. Date. tWniTESiDE, S. M April 11, 1872 fWlCKERSHAM, ChARLES J Feb. 19, 1872 tWiLBUR, E. P May i, 1873 fWiLKiNSON, F. R April 25, 1870 fWiLSON, H. G Dec. 6, 1870 fWiLSON, J. C April 17, 1883 §WiLS0N, J. Dale June 25, 1885 §WiLSON, Matthe'w. . . .July 23, 1876 fWiLSON, Robert P. . . . Nov. 28, 1872 fWiNDLE, Wm. S Jan. 17, 1873 fWiSTAR, Rodman May 9,1871 §WiTHERow, James P. {Sept-4, 1880 *WoLFF, C. H Mar. 2, 1872 tWoODHULL, Wm. W. . . . Oct. 20, 1885 §WooDS, S. S Dec. 10, 1886 fWooDWARD, E. T Jan. 14, 1879 fWoOLVERTON, M.D., Theoron June 14, 1882 tWYSE, Wm. S May 9, 1883 tYARDLEY, T. W April 5,1880 fYoRKE, Louis A May 25, 1885 tYouNG, James R Sept. 5, 1882 53° CHAPTER XXVII THE GUESTS OF THE UNION LEAGUE ARMY, NAVY, AND CONSULAR ROLL November 8, 1887, to November 30, igoi Explanation of signs: * Deceased. f Resigned. t Transferred to Active Roll. Name Title Andrade, Cipriano Capt. U.S.N. tBACHE, Albert D Paym. U.S.N. tBALL, R, T. M Paym. U.S.N. fBARTLETT, Henry A Major U.S.M.C. Barton, J. K Lieut.-Com. U.S.N. fBEAN, Wm. H Lieut. U.S.A. Bell, John A Lieut. U.S.N. tBiNGHAM, G. S Major U.S.A. tBiNGHAM, JuDSON D Gen. U.S.A. IBlakely, George Lieut. U.S.A. BoNNAFFON, E. W Capt. U.S.A. tBoRDEN, T. S Lieut. U.S.A. BuEHLER, W. G Rear-Ad. U.S.N. Butler, Smedly Darlington Capt. U.S.M.C. Carpenter, Lewis H Gen. U.S.A. tCASEY, Silas Commander U.S.N. Clark, Charles E , Capt. U.S.N. tCLiPPERTON, Robert Charles British Consul *CocHRAN, George Pay-Dir. U.S.N. tCoLLUM, R. S Capt. U.S.M.C. tCoNGOSTO, TosE Spanish Consul. tCowLES, W." C Lieut. U.S.N. *Crawford, S. W Gen. U.S.A. tDuTTON, R. McM Capt. U.S.M.C. 531 Date OF Admission Jan. 13, 1898 May 17, Jan. 14, June 12, July 17. Nov. 19, Mar. 9, Feb. I, Apr. 17, Oct. 6, Dec. 14, j Feb. 14, IFeb. 22, / Nov. 8, \ Dec. 13, June 12, 1889 1897 1897 1897 1889 1898 1897 1896 1894 1900 1896 1897 1888 1900 lOOI Nov. 17, 1899 Dec, 12, 1887 May 10, 1899 Dec. 19, 1894 Feb. 14, 1895 April 6, 1892 Feb. 2, 1895 Mar. 3, 189 1 Nov. 8, 1888 Jan. 26, 1900 The Union League of Philadelphia Name Title Engard, Albert C Chief Eng. U.S.N. fFARQUHAR, Norman H Commodore U.S.N. IFeaster, Joseph Lieut. U.S.N. Field, Thomas Y Col. U.S.M.C. tFLAGLER, D. W U.S.A. fFoLGER, Wm. M Com. U.S.N. Forney, James Col. U.S.M.C. Forsyth, James M Capt. U.S.N. Frazer, Reah Paym. U.S.N. Furey, John V Maj. U.S.A. tGoRDON, Walter H Lieut. U.S.A. IGray, W. W Capt. U.S.A. tGREEN, F. M Capt. U.S.N. Hanscom, John F Naval Const. U.S.N. tHARRis, Wm. H Chief-Eng. U.S.N. tHERNDON, C. G Surg. U.S.N. *Heyl, Theodore C Med. Dir. U.S.N. tHiNES, H. K Ensign U.S.N. Hough, Alfred L Col. U.S.A. fHuTCHiNS, C. T Com. U.S.N. tJ ANEW ay, John H Surgeon U.S.N. IJewell, Theodore F Capt. U.S.N. Johnston, J. L Capt. U.S.A. JKaiser, J. a Ass't Eng. U.S.N. fKELLOGG, Wainwright Lieut. U.S.N. JKelton, A. C Capt. U.S.M.C. fLAWS, Elijah Chief Eng., U.S.N. Leary, R. P Capt. U.S.N. tLECCA, G. M Italian Consul fLiNNARD, Joseph H Lieut. U.S.N. fLoNGNECKER, Henry C Ensign U.S.N. Lyon, George A Pay- Dir. U.S.N. McClurg, W. a Surg. U.S.N. tMcKEE, J. C Surg. U.S.A. JMagruder, D. L Col. U.S.A. ■J-Maguire, Edward Capt. U.S.A. 532 Date OF Admission April 17. 1896 June i.^. 1894 luly 18, 1894 Jan. •SI. 1896 Jan. S, 1888 Mar. i.S> i89,S /Nov. IMay 13. 1891 II, 1898 /Nov. ITan. 14, 1889 16, 1901 Dec. 6, 1803 May 1, 1896 Mar. 20, 1897 Feb. 14. 1896 Feb. 27. 1890 Feb. 16, 1894 Nov. 12, 1892 Jan. 17. 1899 Nov. 12, 1892 Feb. 16, 189.S May 5, 1896 Jan. 14, 1897 Sept. 16, 1891 Jan. 2, 1899 Nov. «, 1887 Jan. 16, 1892 Nov. !■;. 1890 Dec. 4, 1889 July 12, 1888 Feb. IS. 1901 Jan. I';. 1897 Feb. 20, 189,^ Sept. 10. 1898 May II, 1898 /July \ June 14. 1898 lb. 1900 Sept. , II, , 1889 Mar. 12, , 1896 May I, , 1889 The Guests of the Union League Name Title Mahoney, James E Capt. U.S.M.C. tMARHEiNicKE, Carl B Imp. German Constd fMASON, Theodore B. M Lieut. U.S.N. *Meade, Richard W Rear-Ad. U.S.N. fMEADE, Robert L Major U.S.M.C. JMenocal, Adolfo J Chief Eng. U.S.N. tMERRiLL, Lewis Gen. U.S.A. JMerriman, E. C Capt. U.S.N. MiCKLEY, Joseph P Civ. Eng. U.S.N. fMoRRisoN, Charles C U.S.A. fMuRPHY, Paul St. Clair Lieut. U.S.M.C. •J-Myers, T. D Surgeon U.S.N. Neide, Horace Gen. U.S.A. Parker, J. B Med.-Dir. U.S.N. IParks, Rufus Pay-Dir. U.S.N. Pesoli, E. a French Consul Petersen, Arthur Paym. U.S.N. *Potter, Carroll H Lieut.-CoL U.S.A. Powell, Wilfrid British Consul Pratt, R. H Major U.S.A. tPRiNCE, T. C Major U.S.M.C. fRAYMOND, C. W Maj. U.S.A. ■J-Read, John J Commander U.S.N. RiTSCHL, Ferdinand German Consul tRoBiNSON, S. Q Capt. U.S.N. tRocKWELL, A. F Col. U.S.A. RooNEY, W. R. A Lieut. U.S.N. Russell, A. W Pay-Dir. U.S.N. Russell, B. Reeves Lieut.-Col. U.S.M.C. tSALTER, T. G. C Lieut. U.S.N. -[Sawtelle, Charles G General U.S.A. ISelfridge, James Russell Lieut.-Com. U.S.N. Sewell, Robert Capt. U.S.A. ISkelding, Henry T Paym. U.S.N. Smith, F. Gurney Lieut. U.S.A. Smith, J. A Rear-Ad. U.S.N. Smith, Joseph R Col. U.S.A. Speel, John N Paym. U.S.N. tSTRONG, W. C Lieut. U.S.N fSwiPT, William Lieut. -Com. U.S.N. 533 Date OF Admission Mar. II, 1897 Jan. Q, igoi Mar. 2,S, 1899 Jan. i.S, 1892 luly lO, i«PS Mar. ,^, iS9,S luly i6. 1897 Nov. s, 1887 Oct. i6, 1891 July 6, 1899 Mar. 28, 1890 Feb. 12, i8go May 17. 1898 Dec. 13. 1892 Tuly 12, 1901 Dec. I, 1896 Dec. ±, 1897 Dec. 14. 1891 Dec. 10, 1894 Aug. I'!, 1900 Oct. 16, 1899 Oct. ?• 1899 Jan. 16, 1899 June 17. 1890 Feb. 2.^, 1889 April 11, 1900 Dec. 10, 1894 Feb. 21, 1891 Mar. 22, i89,S May 12, 1892 Dec. 4- 1889 Jan. I4> 1897 April 12, 1900 Apr. i.S. 1890 June 17, 1892 luly 10. i8qs April 2=;, 1900 luly 14, 1898 May 21, 1897 luly !•;, i«qS Mar. 1=;, 1900 Feb. 22, 1893 June 2, 1899 Aug. 8, 189 ■; July 17, 1891 The Union League of Philadelphia DATS Name Title of Admission Thompson, Theodore S Paym. U.S.N. June 20, 1887 tTHOMSON, W.J U.S.N. April 18, 1888 fTiDBALL, J. C Gen. U.S.A. Dec. 4, 1888 *Ver Meulen, Edw. C Surgeon Feb. g, 1888 tVossiON, Louis French Constil Nov. 8, 1887 Wallem, J. N V.-Con. Sweden and Norway Aug. 15, 1899 fWEiN, Jacob V.-Con. Austro-Hungary May 26, 1896 Williamson, Geo. McKnight Capt. U.S.A. July 4, 1900 fWiLSON, John C Lieut. U.S.N June 14, 1896 WoLCOTT, C. C Civ. Eng. U.S.N. Aug. 8, 1891 tWooLEY FRED'k Lieut. U.S.A. Dec. 15, 1888 534 CLERICAL ROLL February 7, 1863 to, November 30, 1901 The Board of Directors of the Union League immediately after the organization adopted a resolution, on February 7, 1863, extending the privi- leges of the Union League House to clergymen as guests. The clergymen thus admitted signed the Clerical Roll, but no record was kept of the dates of signatures prior to 1884. On October 12, 1897, the Board of Directors adopted a resolution providing that the privileges "shall only be extended to clergymen residing in the city of Philadelphia and during the period of such residence," and that the privileges shall be terminated upon "re- signation from the ministry or removal from the city." At that time all the clergymen upon the list were requested to call at the office of the Union League and sign the Clerical Roll. The annexed list contains all the names upon the Clerical Roll from 1863 down to November 30, 1901, but the dates of signature after 1896, in some cases, are the dates of the second signature by clergymen previously upon the roll. Deceased clergymen are marked *. Resignations are marked f . Removals from Philadelphia, causing the privi- leges to cease, are marked J. Abnew, B. L *Adair, Robert *Adams, E. E tAoAMSON, C. Edgar. . . Albert, Luther E. . . . Albertson, Charles C. JAlday, J. H {Alison, Alexander. . . JAlsop, Reese F JAmes, Charles G Anderson, Merle H. . . Anstice, Henry. ■ ■ ■ I tApPLETON, E. W Appleton, Samuel E. . Armstrong, Chas M. . . Arndt, Chas. Henry. . *Atkins, a. B April II, 1900 Feb. 26, 1898 .Mar. 14, 1900 Oct. I';, 1888 Jan. 2, 1882 Jan. 28, igoi Mar. 12, 1807 Dec. 10, 1897 Jan. 10, 1891 Dec. 9. 1897 Jan. 1=;, 1900 Jan. 13. 1898 JBailey, Wm. Newbold Nov. 29, 1893 Baker, George D. . . {Barker, Thomas B.. Bartlett, J. F {Batton, Loring W. . I JBaum, W. M JBeatty, Archibald. . . {Beckley, John T JBeggs, Joseph IBell, J. Edward Bickerton, J. G Bispham, Clarence W. fBLANCHARD, JOS. N. < Boardman, G. Dana . , *boardman, w. e Bodine, W. B I *BoKUM, Herman Bolton, J. Gray Jan. 26, Dec. 9, ■July 7. 'Dec. 10, Dec. 23, Sept. 12, Nov. 14, Nov. 20, Nov. 12, Jan. 16, April 4, Dec. 13, July 6, Nov. 7, Dec. 23, .Dec. 10, 1885 1897 i8gg 1891 1897 1895 1893 1901 1901 1891 1897 1901 1893 1897 1897 535 The Union League of Philadelphia BowN, William HENRvJan. 17, Boyle, John Richards June 13, Bradley, Leverett. < t^^^ ^°' ' I Dec. 9, tBRADY, Cyrus T { J^^^"^; ^5. *Brainard, Thomas. . . . *Breed, William P *Briggs, Nathaniel S. . Bringhurst, George -j a'I?-j ^_' *Brooks, Phillips JBrown, F. Edwin Dec. 8, Brownson, Marcus f April 20, A \ Jan, 24, *Bugbee, G. Franklin Nov, 6, *Buoy, Charles W Sept. 15, Burnfield, Geo. Stan- ley May 5, *BUTLER, C. M ♦Canfield, Francis D. . *Cattell, W. C Dec. 23, JChapman, J. Wilbur. .Oct. 17, *Chase, W. T I ^'^^- ^^' I Dec. 4, *Chesshire, John E. . . . *Clapp, Howard S July 14, {Clifford, John H Dec. 30, Cochran, Jos. Wilson Mar. 20, Colfelt, Lawrence M.Aug. 27, *Colton, Francis *CoNKEY, John P Cooper, Charles D. . . . Cope, Edgar July 5, *Corbett, Sidney. ...I ^°^- '^' I. Dec. 10, fCoRNELL, William M. . *Craighead, James G. . . JCraven, E. R May 5, *Craven, James C Culver, Andrew. . . •! I'^^Z ^°' I Sept. 19, tCuRRiE, C. George. . . . 1899 1901 1892 1897 1896 1897 1S93 1900 1890 1897 1898 1884 1890 1899 1897 1898 1893 1894 1890 1899 189S 1897 1865 IQOO ♦Dales, J. B Dana, Stephen W. . . . Dec. 13, 1897 ♦Davidson, Robert. . . . *Denison, Charles W. . Dennison, R. E Dickey, Charles A. . . . Dec. 9, 1897 {Dixon, Joseph K Mar. 3, 1890 ♦Dobbins, J. B DowLiNG, G. DeWitt. .Mar. 23, 1900 Doyle, Sherman H. . . .Sept. 4, 1899 Dripps, J. Frederic I ^^'■- ^2,1896 I Dec. 13, 1897 *DucACHET, Henry W. . DuHRiNG, Herman L. I ^^^ ^3, 1896 I, Dec. 10, 1897 ♦Durburrow, Samuel. . {Eccleston, J. Houston Eckels, Mervin ]...! ^P"l ^^' '^94 ' •' i Dec 4, 1898 {Edward, R. A Erdman, Charles R.I ^ov. 21, 1891 (. Dec. 13, 1897 Falknbr, JOHN B...{^ayx5,. 897 {Falkner,W.H {^l^'ll:X JFarr, Wm. D JFarrington, S {Fischer, C. L ♦Forbes, John Irving. . Ford, James Wallace. Mar. 20,1899 Fox, Herman C | ^ov. 16,1887 i Dec. 17, 1897 ♦Fulton, Robert H.. . .Oct. 29, 1894 Fulton, William P. . . .June 12, 1899 {FuRBAY, Harvey G. .May 13, 1896 Gehrett, S. W June 20, 1898 {Gernant, Edwin A. . . .Oct. 17,1898 {Gibbons, H. O ♦Goddard, Kingston . . Graham, John | Jf"' 2°. ^890 -" I Dec. 10, 1897 {Graham, Richardson ♦Graham, Robert. . . ( O^*' ^9, 1888 t Dec. 13, 1897 {Green, Jr., W. Brinton {Hammond, Walter W. .May 14,1888 Harding, John B Mar. 2,1900 Harris, H. Richards! ^^^ '^- ^^95 I. Dec. 9, 1S97 Harris, J. Andrews . . . {Hart, Burdett | J"^^ '• '^f 94 * i Dec. 17, 1897 ♦Hawes, Edward 536 The Guests of the Union League Hawes, Oscar B Mar. $Hemphill, John Oct. iHENRiES, Henry Clay . Henry, J . Addison .... Dec. Hill, Simon C | p^^' *HiLL, T. G. F I ^^g^- Hodge, G. Woolsey. | ^°^- JHoffman, E. a Hoffman, H. S Feb. HoRTON, Francis A. . . .Jan. *Howe, M. A. Wolfe . . . JHoYT, Thomas A HoYT, Wayland. ... I p°^- *HuLBURD, Merritt . . . Nov. ♦Humphrey, Z. M Hunter, Robert ■ ■ -k rf ",' *HUTLER, E. W 20, igoi 17, 1888 II, 1897 II, 1896 30. 1897 15, 1896 13. 1897 3. 1894 23. 1897 15, igoo 17, 1898 7, 1884 18, 1901 4, 1889 28, 1889 9, 1897 LowRiE, Samuel T. Feb. 16, iS *Jackson, Augustus... *Jackson, John Walker JJackson, W. F. B Dec. 4, 1878 ♦Jeffrey, Reuben Jennings, F. Corn- well Oct. 13, 1900 JJennings, W. B JJennison, Joseph F. . . JONES,J.SPARHAWK.{g-;7.J«94 JoRDON, Walter April 15, 1899 tJoYCE, J. Jay JKellogg, Jr., D. Otis IKnauff, C. W *Krauth, C. P JLanpher, Louis A. . . { g^*' ^3. 1894 Latimer, George A. ..Dec. 17, 1897 LeRoy, Jacob Nov. 27, 1899 JLewis, W. P Lippincott, J. a I ^'^ ^°; ^^94 T ^ -n / Mar. 13, 1894 List, Thomas R | j^jy g; ^^^\ JLoNG, John JLovE, Jr., John Sept. 13, 1893 McClure, Alfred J. ) July 4, 1893 P I Dec. 13, 1897 JMcConnell, S. D JMcCooK, Henry C *McCuLL0UGH, J. B McFetrich, Francis. .Mar. 14,1901 JMcVicker, W. Neilson Macintosh, John S. . . .Dec. 16, 1897 *Maclary,T. W JMaison, Charles A. .. .May 18,1894 JMarch, Daniel Martin, Geo. Edward June 13, 1900 *Mast, I *Matlack, R. C Dec. 9, 1897 fMAY, Joseph Dec. 11, 1897 Mayo. Robert A.... {>ly^:;jg; *Mears, John W *Miller, Dr May 6, 1885 JMillken, L. J Dec. 19, 1887 Montgomery, James j April 6,1894 A I Dec. 14, 1897 Moore. A. Lincoln \ J^^J j"' J^^e ' I, Dec. 13, 1097 *Moore, Franklin Moore, Joseph R Jan. 17, 1898 JMorais, S JMorgan, Charles T. . .May 19, 1894 *Morton. Henry J M—.J.H {It.WX JMurphy. Thomas Dec. 19,1887 JMuRRAY, Charles E. . . *Musgrove, E. W JMacElrey, j. H MacLaughlin, G. W. . .Dec. 17,1897 MacMullen, Wal- f Feb. 20, 1895 LACE 1 Dec. 17, 1897 Nason,C.P.H {Jr:7:i898 Nbbly.T.B {Jf- l\\\^^ JNeill, James {Nelson, Henry A Jan. 6, 1887 Nelson, Richard H.. .Dec. 17, 1897 NEWKiRK, Matthew {^P^"l^«;^g; {Nichols, G. H 537 The Union League of Philadelphia Nichols, T.Mc.B.... I Jf"- ^'^^94 ' 1_ Dec. 17, 1897 JNicHOLS, William F. . .Nov. 21, 1887 {Olmstead, Charles f Feb. 11, 1897 S t Dec. 13, 1897 IOtto, John M. P Mar. 29, 1897 Jan. 10, 1897 Oct. ig, 1895 Feb. 16, 1891 fPALMER, Francis JParks, J. Lewis. *Parvin, Robert J JPaxton, James D *Peddie, John. . . . Perry, J. DeWolf *Phillips, B. T. . . JPratt, George B *Pratt, James .... tRADCLiFFE, Wallace. . JRamsay, W. W Jan. 10, 1898 *Reed, H. Morton {Reynolds, John Rice, Williard M Mar. 28, 1900 Richardson, W. C Sept. 14, 1901 Ritchie, Robert {Robbins, Frank L.* . . . Roberts,Wm.HenryI ^^'=- 3°. 1893 I Dec. 9, 1897 Robins, James W *Robinson, James *Rodney, John Roulston, William A. Sept. 11, igoo {Rudolph, Warren. . . . Sagebeer, Jos. Evans. April 15, *Sauders, E. D *Saul, James Schenk, W. E Dec. 30, JSchlosser, Henry. . . .Mar. 16, Scott, John L Jan. 24, {Scott, Walter Q Seiss, Joseph A { g°J- ''^' *Seymour, Charles. . . . *Sharpe, J. Henry Dec. 9, {Shepperd, Thos. James *SiMPSON, Matthew . . . {Smiley, Francis Ed- ward Dec. 19, 1901 1897 1885 1898 1889 1897 1897 *Smith, Charles A Smith, Dudley D Ji^ly lo. *Smith, Matson Mbur. . {Spalding, Charles E..Nov. ii, Stanger, I. Newton I S°'^- ^^' I Dec. 13, {Starr, William C Stevens, C. Ellis... {>lXj J; {Stevens, Theodore. . . {Stone, James S Jan. 3, *Suddards, William. . . Sullivan, Andrew/ Nov. 3, Jackson \ Dec. 9, {Sutphen, Paul F Nov. 9, *Syle, Edward W {Taylor, Malachi {Taylor, William R. ..Jan. 4, {Terry, Robert E Thomas, Nathaniel S. Mar. 2, {Thomas, T. Snowden. . Thompson, J. Milton. .Nov. 12, ToMKiNS, Floyd W. . . .April 28, *T0RRENCE, IrVIN H. . . . Tracy, William .... | ^ay 16, 1. Dec. 10, Trumbull, H. Clay ... Dec. 13, TuppER, KerrBoyce ^ -r^^' ' { J une 1 3 , Tyler,CorydonC...|^°''- '^' L Dec. 17, 1901 1896 1894 1897 1893 1899 1887 1894 1897 1894 1886 1900 1901 1899 1893 1897 1897 1896 1900 189s 1897 Upjohn, Samuel Jan. 13, 1898 {Vibbert, William H. . . {Vinton, 2d, Alexan- der H Wadsworth, Jr., f April 23, 1890 Charles \ Dec. 13, 1897 {Walker, C. Camp- J Dec. 15,1896 BELL \ Dec. 17, 1897 {Wallace, J. S {Ward, Charles W {Ward, J. E {Watkins, Wilber F. . .Nov. 14, 1887 {Watson, Benjamin . . .Dec. 18, 1888 {Watson, J. Henry. . . . Whitaker, O. W. . . . I ^PJ^l ^l' ^^94 I Feb. 26, 1898 538 The Guests of the Union League Whitman, Benaiah L, Williamson, W. H. . JWlLLITTS, A. A jWiNES, C. Maurice. . jWiNN, William H. . . *WiNSLOw, Frank W. *WiswELL, George F. JWlTHROW, J. L June April 1900 1901 „, _ f Time II, 1888 Wood, Charles | j^^^ j„_ ^g^^ ♦Woods, Byron A April 12, 1894 WoRDEN, James Avery Dec. 11,1897 IWright, J. Elliott. . .Dec. 24, 1888 JYarnall, Thomas C. . . 539 CHAPTER XXVIIl HONORS CONFERRED BY THE UNION LEAGUE The Board of Directors of the Union League from time to time has given honorary membership, medals, and the freedom of the Union League House to the following persons who rendered distinguished services to the Government. Those deceased are marked *. 1863. ♦Abraham Lincoln, President Gold medal and freedom of Union League House. *Hannibal Hamlin, Vice-President, . . . Silver medal and freedom of "Union League House. *Wm. H. Seward, Secretary of State, . . Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. ♦Salmon P. Chase, Secretary of the Treasury, Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. *Edwin M. Stanton, Secretary of War, Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. *GiDEON Welles, Secretary of the Navy, Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. *JoHN P. Usher, Secretary of the In- terior Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. ♦Montgomery Blair, Postmaster Gen- eral, Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. ♦Edward Bates, Attorney General, . . . Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. ♦Maj.-Gen. N. p. Banks Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. *Maj.-Gen. B. F. Butler, Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. ♦Maj.-Gen. H. W. Halleck Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. ♦Maj.-Gen. Ulysses S. Grant Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. 540 Honors Conferred by the Union League *Maj.-Gen. Irwin McDowell Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. *Maj.-Gen. a. E. Burnside Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. *Maj.-Gen. W. S. Rosecranz Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. *Maj.-Gen. W. T. Sherman, Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. *Maj.-Gen. Joseph Hooker Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. *Maj. -Gen. George G. Meade Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. *Maj.-Gen. George Cadwalader Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. Maj.-Gen. Franz Sigel Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. *Maj.-Gen. D. N. Couch, Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. Maj.-Gen. N. J. T. Dana Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. *Maj.-Gen. Q. a. Gilmore, Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. *Brig.-Gen. Lorenzo Thomas Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. *Surgeon-Gen. W. a. Hammond Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. *CoL. George H. Crosman Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. *Brig.-Gen. M. C. Meigs, Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. Brig. -Gen. W. D. Whipple, Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. ♦Governor Andrew G. Curtin, Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. ♦Admiral David G. Farragut Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. ♦Admiral David D. Porter, Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. ♦Admiral J. C. Dahlgren, Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. ♦Capt. John Lorimer Worden, Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. Widow of Admiral Foote, Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. ♦M. Gueroult, Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. ♦Comte de Gasparin Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. ♦M. DE Laboulaye, Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. ♦M. Malespine Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. ♦J E Cairnes Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. 541 The Union League of Philadelphia *JoHN Bright, Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. *RiCHARD CoBDEN Silver medal and freedom, of Union League House. *M. Tersten, Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. *WiLLiAM E. FoRSTER (London) Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. ♦Robert Trimble (Liverpool), Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. *WiLLiAM L. Dayton, Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. *JoHN Stuart Mill Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. *JosiAH QuiNCY Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. *Charles Francis Adams Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. *Mordecai L. Dawson, Privileges of Union League House. *William Neals, Privileges of Union League House. 1864. *Maj.-Gen. Winfield S. Hancock Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. *Maj.-Gen. Philip H. Sheridan Silver medal and honorary member- ship. *Maj.-Gen. George H. Thomas, Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. *Capt. John A. Winslow, Silver medal and honorary member- ship. ♦Commodore Charles Boggs Silver medal. *Lieut.-Com. William B. Gushing Silver medal. ♦Washington Wilks,\ Editors of Silver medal and freedom of Union ♦Samuel Lucas, j London Star, League House, ♦Baron Jacob Cederstrom (Sweden), Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. ♦William M. Meredith Gold medal and honorary membership. ♦F. W. Sargent, M.D Silver medal. Prof. G6ldwin Smith, Silver medal. ♦Ishmael Day Silver medal and honorary member- ship. 1865. ♦Andrew Johnson, President, Gold medal. ♦Hugh McCulloch, Secretary of Treas- Silver medal and freedom of Union ury. League House. *Maj.-Gen. Alfred H. Terry Silver medal. ♦Maj.-Gen. a. a. Humphreys, Silver medal. ♦Maj.-Gen. John Gibbon Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. ♦Lieut. -CoL, Count Warburg (Sweden), Silver medal. 542 Honors Conferred by the Union League 1866. *Maj.-Gen. George G. Meade, Gold medal, *Maj.-Gen. Joseph Holt, Silver medal and freedom of Union League House. 1868. *LiNDLEY Smyth Gold medal. 1876. *JoHN Welsh Honorary membership. 1879. *JosEPH B. TowNSEND Gold medal. *Edward C. Knight Gold medal. isso. *George H. Boker, Gold medal. *James L. Claghorn, Gold medal. 1888. ♦Benjamin Harrison, President, Honorary membership. Levi P. Morton, Vice-President Plonorary membership. 1889. Edwin N. Benson Gold medal. ♦Samuel B. Huey, Gold medal. 1893. ♦Edwin H. Fitler Gold medal. Rear Admiral A. E. K. Benham Gold medal. George F. Edmunds, ex-Senator, Honorary membership. 1897. ♦William McKinley, President, Honorary membership. 1899. Admiral George Dewey, Honorary membership. 1901. Theodore Roosevelt, President Honorary membership. 543 CHAPTER XXIX THE UNION LEAGUE ART COLLECTION PORTRAITS George Washington Martha Washington Schuyler Colfax Gideon Welles John Quincy Adams John Marshall Andrew Jackson Adolph E. Borie WiUiam Henry Harrison Andrew G. Curtin Zachary Taylor William D. Kelley Abraham Lincoln John Sergeant Ulysses S. Grant Thaddeus Stevens Rutherford B. Hayes Horace Binney, Sr. James A. Garfield Henry C. Carey Chester A. Arthur James W. Paul Henry Clay George S. Pepper Daniel Webster John Scott Edward Everett J. Donald Cameron Hannibal Hamlin Count Camillo Cavotu- Edwin M. Stanton General Washington General Sickles General Grant General Hancock General Scott General Bimey General Sherman General Geary General Sheridan General Hartranft General Fremont General Tyndale General McCall Major McEwen General Halleck Admiral Farragut General Bumside Admiral Dupont General Pope Admiral Foote General Meade Admiral Goldsborough General Thomas Admiral Read General Hooker Admiral Porter General Reynolds PORTRAITS OF UNION LEAGUE OFFIC William M. Meredith John P. Verree J. Gillingham Fell Charles E. Smith Horace Binney, Jr. George H. Boker Morton McMichael Edwin N. Benson 544 The Uniott Leanie Art Collection William C. Houston Edwin H. Fitler John Russell Young Silas W. Pettit C. St^iart Patterson Charles Gibbons James L. Claghorn Daniel Smith, Jr. Edward C. Knight J. Frailey Smith George Washington Andrew Jackson Zachary Taylor Abraham Lincoln Ulysses S. Grant Henry Clay Daniel Webster General Meade Edouard Ren6 Laboulaye MARBLE BUSTS Benjamin Franklin John Jay General Sheridan General Howard Richard Cobden Thomas Buchanan Read BRONZE BUSTS Colonel H. Earnest Goodman Charlemagne Tower America Honoring (Haseltine) MARBLE STATUES Her Fallen Brave Esmeralda Abdiel BRONZES General Grant (equestrian) The Cossacks Tiger and Horseman The Runners The Indian The Soldier The Hunter The Trumpeter The Lancer The Fisherwoman The Wine Drinker The Sailor PAINTINGS Episode de la Bataille De Loigny GroUeron Soir d' 6t6 Ridgway Knight Barbaro Palace Rico If I Were Pope Vibert Soldiers Halt at an Inn Szemer Gate of the Fortress at Agra Weeks The Zither Player Maccan A Whiff of Comfort Hernandez On the Field of Honor (The Duel) Flameng Charge of the Cuirassiers (Waterloo) Berkeley Sunset on the Kiskeminetas Wilhams Cafe Royal, Paris Tissot Lafayette at Valley Forge Heaton Cortez' Invasion of Mexico Rothermel The Sacking of Altamura Cammerano Psyche 35 545 The Unio7i League of Philadelphia Ship in Mid-ocean Moran Brigantine Beach ■. Richards The Meadow Menard Light and Shadow Along the Shore SmilUe Reading the Declaration of Independence, 1776 The Monitor and the Merrimac Xanthus Smith La Pierette Clairin The Farm Veron Dogs in the Wood Pratere Cows Menard Birds The Roll Call Cheik Arabe en Voyage Gettysburg Coming from the Fair The Vintage Festival The Railway Station The Derby Day ENGRAVINGS, ETC. The Picture Gallery The Sculpture Gallery Saved Avant le Grain Henry W. Longfellow Limbourg Cathedral St. Michael's Mount MEMORIAL WINDOWS On main staircase in memory of Presidents of the Union League, Meredith, Fell, Binney, and McMichael. Four windows in the new caf6 in memory of: Colonel Henry Earnest Goodman, Brevet Brigadier General Lewis Merrill, Brevet Brigadier General Henry Martyn Hoyt, Brevet Major General John White Geary. 546 INDEX "A BOUT the War"; Union League '»■ pamphlet No. 2, 154 Academy of the Fine Arts, 206, 376 of Natural Sciences, 355 Active Roll, 467 Adams, Charles Francis, silver medal conferred, 542 Adams, Robert, Jr., 401, 404 "Addresses and Resolutions of the Union League, Sept. 16, 1863"; Union Leagtie pamphlet No. 45, 155 ' ' by the Union League in favor of re- election of President Lincoln"; Union League pamphlet No. 90, 157 " of the Union League to Citizens of Pennsylvania , Sept. 6, 1866"; Union League pamphlet No. 121, 158 "of the Union League to Citizens of Pennsylvania with resolutions of August 26, 1868"; Union League pamphlet No. 142, 159 ' ' of the State Central Committee, Oct. , 1864"; Union League poster No. 2 1 , 160 of the Union League to Republican voters of the State, 197 Advisory Real Estate Board created, 256 Aertsen, James M., 411 "African Slave Trade"; Union League pamphlet No. 25, 155 Age, The (Philadelphia daily paper) , 74, 75 "Alabama, The : Confederate cruiser, 151, 164, 313 Allison, Joseph, 331, 405 ' ' America Honoring her Fallen Brave ' ' ; group of statuary, 330 American Iron and Steel Association, 354 Ames, Col. John W., 98 "Amnesty Proclamation and Third An- nual Message of President Lincoln"; Union League pamphlet No. 66, 156 "Amor patricE ducit"; motto of Union League, 266 Anarchists, 434, 438 Andersonville and Fortress Monroe ' ' ; Union League poster No. 41, 160 Anglo-Saxon spirit, 264 Annex to Union League House, 215, 309. 339 Annual tax, 174, 184, 190, 195, 199, 204, 206, 243, 344 Antelo, Anthony J., 43, 50, 53,283,370, 373 his impressions, 372 Antietam, Battle of, 389 Appeal of Union League to Republican Members of Councils, 197 Appomattox Court House, 89, 125 "Arbitrary arrests"; Union League poster No. iS, 160 Army and Navy, Reception to Officers of, 257 Appropriation Bill, Veto by President Hayes, 209 Clothing and Equipage Office, 113 Roll, 345 Navy, and Consular Roll, 230, 344, 531 Arsenal, Schujdkill, 113 Art Association of the Union League, 228, 239, 241, 248, 251, 25s, 261, 270 formation, 220, 267 list of publications relating to, 335 membership, 225, 325 total amount expended by, 266, 267 works purchased by, 325, 329 Art Collection, 544 547 Index Art Committee, 244 Art receptions and exhibitions, 183, 188, 194, 225, 243, 269, 328, 329 treasures, 329 Arthur, Chester A., 211, 214, 331, 364 death of, 227 discussions of his Administra- tion, 218 Articles of Association ratified, 81 Ashhurst, John, 41, no Ashhurst, Richard L., 209, 407 Ashhurst, Wilham H., 60, 62, 105, 106, 115,440, 461 engaged first club-house for the Union League, 42, 59 Ashmead. Henry B., 328 Assembly Hall, 309, 314, 338 Astor House dinner, 66 Astronomical Clock, 239, 311, 330 Audenried, Charles Y., 406 BACHE, Alexander Dallas, 412 Bahama Islands, 151 Bailey vs. Poindexter (14 Grattan, 132), 141 Baird, Matthew, 415 Baldwin, Matthias W., 59, no, 304, 378, 415 Ball, May 6, 1881, 215 Baltimore Union League, 71 Banks, N. P., 80 silver medal conferred on, 540 Bankson, John P., 410 Banners. See Flags. Banquet, Founders' Day, 271, 281, 282 Twenty-fifth Anniversary of the Union League, 232 to admiral and staff of Russian navy, 247 to Chief Justice and Justices of Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, 272 to Hon. Edwin H. Fitler, 239 to Hon. Marcus A. Hanna, 274 to Hon. Wm. Potter, 241, 247 to Peace Commissioners, 268, 318 to President McKinley, 257 by Lincoln Club and Grant Associa- tion, 246 See Receptions. "Barbaro Palace,'' painting, 332 Barber, W. E., 159 Barber-shop, 310 Barker, Abraham, 53, 95, no, in, 112, 283, 370,. 375 his impressions, 374 Barnard, Dr., 349 Bams, Chas. K., 328 Bartol, B. H., 462 Bates, Edward, silver medal conferred, 540 Bathing-pool, 341 Baths, 310 "Battle of Gettysburg"; painting, 413 Baxter, De Witt Clinton, 409 Beaver, James A., 385, 402, 405 Bed-rooms introduced, 243 Beeber, Dimner, 270, 271, 319, 405, 418, 463 address at the McKinley Memorial Meeting, 423 "Beginning and the End"; Union League poster No. 34, 160 Bell, Samuel, 411 Bellows, Rev. H. B., 64, 65, 66, 67 Bellows, Rev. W. H., D.D., 156 Bement, Wm. B., 325 Benham, A. E. K., reception to, 247 gold medal conferred on, 543 Benjamin, Judah P., instructions to L. Q. C. Lamar, 155 Benson, Alexander, 357 Benson, Edwin N., 131, 232, 237, 308, 310. 312, 316, 332, 339, 340, 3S9. 461, 462 gold medal conferred, 543 memorial window presented by, 215 reception to, 230 paper read: "The Union League during the War," 334 paper read: " In Memoriam," 334 sketch of, 357 Benson, R. Dale, 215, 251, 255, 267, 328, 410, 418, 462 Benson Annex, 237, 310, 339 Berkeley, Stanley, 332 Betts, Charles M., 410 Beveridge, Senator Albert J., address by, 26S, 318, 335 Bible, The, invoked in defense of slavery, 144 "Bible View of Polygamy"; Union League pamphlet No. 62, 156 "Bible View of Slavery Considered"; Union League pamphlet No. 64, 156 Bicycle department, 341 548 Index Biddle, Alexander, 409 death of, 267 Biddle, Cadwalader, 106, no, 195 Billiard and pool tournament, 247, 342 Billiard-room, 309 Billiards, 341 Bingham, Henry H., 403 Bingham, Lafayette, 93 Binney, Horace, no Binney, Hon. Horace, letter from; Union League pamphlet No. 35, 155 Binney, Horace, Jr., 32, 43, 45, 46, 47, 49, 60, 62, 63, 65, 66, 87, 94, .215, 331. 332. 440, 461 his death dvixing his Presidency, 182 sketch of, 349 Bimey, General, 331 Bispham, George Tucker, 407 Bladen, Ala., 145 Blaine, James G., reception to, 223, 316 death and action taken, 243 Blair, Montgomery, 63 silver medal conferred on, 540 Bland vs. Negro Dowling, 141 Blitz, Antonio, work for the soldiers, 413 Blodget, Lorin, 157, 159 Board of Publication. See Publication, Board of. Boggs, Charles, silver medal conferred, 542 Boker, Geo. H., 22, 40, 45, 46, 47, 51, 52, 60, 62, 71, 82, 94, no, 112, 113. 131. 155. 180, 189, 209, 232, 316, 332, 374, 375, 379, 401, 440, 461, 462 elected President of the Union League, 207 extracts from his fourth annual report, 166, 168 first annual report as secretary, 69 gold medal conferred, 543 his account of formation of Union Club, 36-45 his work as secretary, 165 portrait of, 225 receptions to, 186, 202, 334 resignation of, 223 resolutions upon his appointment as Minister to Tixrkey, 185 sketch of, 356 Bokum, Rev. Herman, 154 Bonds issued by Union League, 195, 337. 338, 339- See Mortgages. " Boot on the other leg"; Union League pamphlet No. 13, 154 Borie, Adolph E., 62, 117, 195, 332, 389, 398, 440, 461 Vice-President, 117 Borie, C. L., 43, 46, 50 Bosbyshell, Oliver C, 410 Bounty system, 84, 85 Bowling, 341 alley, 309 Bowls, 225 "Boycott," Article II of Articles of As- sociation of the League resembled, 59 Boy dell Shakespeare, 255 Bradford, Vincent L., 31 Bragg, General, 291 Brainerd, Rev. Dr., 78 Branan, Colonel, 209 Bregy, F. Am^d^e, 406 Brewster, Benjamin Harris, 31, 48, no, 400, 441 Brewster, F. Carroll, 267, 406 Briggs, Amos, 406 Bright, John, 80, 203, 315 invitation to, 203 silver medal conferred on, 542 Brodhead, John, 159 Brooks, James C, 256 Brooks, Phillips, 78, no, 126, 144 Broomall, John M., 403 Brown, Alexander, 43, 66, 105 Brown, David Paul, 351 Brown, Henry Armitt, 334, 359 oration at Valley Forge, 407 death of, 207 Brown, Henry W., 329 Brown, John A., 440 Brown, J. Hay, 405 Brown, Robert Eden, 255 Browne, N. B., 96, 105, 106, 368, 441 "address May 9, 1863"; Union League pamphlet No. 29, 155 Brownson, Rev. Marcus A., 318, 335 Bryant, Jno. E., 215 Bryant, Wm. CuUen, patriotic poem by, 107, 108 Buchanan, James, 187 Buckman, Jno. W., 329 Buckner, Simon B., 291 Bullitt Charter, 227 Bums, Robert, 148 Bumside, Ambrose E., 80, 331 silver medal conferred on, 541 Bush-Brown, Henry K., 333 549 Index "Business Vicissitudes — A Backward Look"; address by Hon. Lyman J. Gage, 272, 335 Busts, list of, 545 Butler, Gen, B. P., 80 "speech lay"; Union League pamphlet No. 15, 154 Butler, Benjamin F., silver medal con- ferred on, 540 Butler, John, 95 Butler, Mrs. Frances Anne Kemble; her diary, 142, 143 Butler, Mrs. John, 95 Butterworth, James, 256, 328, 462 pi honorary membership conferred, S43 Education in the South, 215 Eighteenth Annual Report, 211 Eighth Annual Report, 181 Union League Regiment, 88, 89 United States Colored Troops, 96 El Caney, battle of, 260 Elder, Dr. William, 155 " Elections, Interference in, by Military and Naval Officers": Union League pamphlet No. 74, 156 " Elective Franchise, Essays on " ; Union League pamphlet No. 104, 157 Electoral College, 201 Electoral Ticket Bill; Union League poster No. 37, 160 Electric illumination for front of House, 251 light equipment, 234, 243, 310, 314, 342 Eleventh Annual Report, 192 Emancipation Proclamation, 35 "End of the Slavery Controversy"; Union League pamphlet No. 72, 156 England, her violations of neutrality, 151 tacit alliance with, 260 "English Neutrality"; Union League pamphlet No. 10, 154 Engravings, etc., list of, 546 Enlistment, Comimittee on, 78 Enrolment Act, 79 declared unconstitutional, 74 Entrance fee, 344 Episcopal Academy, 350 Hospital, 361 "Essays on Political Organization by Messrs. Barber, Goepp, and Blod- get"; Union League pamphlet No. 145. 159 Evening Bulletin, The, 414 Evening Star, The, 364 article on death of Daniel Dough- erty, 45 Evening Telegraph, The, 414 Everett, Edward, 71 Everly, Adam, 319 paper on Edwin Forrest, 268 Ewell, Richard S., tribute to the gal- lantry of Sixth U. L. Regiment, 89 " Expansion of Territory, Expansion of Trade "; address by Senator Wm. P. Frye, 272, 335 Expenditures of Union League, 341 "Expenses of the Government"; Union League pamphlet No. 138, 159 Export Exposition of 1899, 114 "Extracts from Judge Jno. M. Read's Opinion"; Union League poster No. 44, 160 ( t CACTS for Government Bond- 1 holders ' ' ; Union League pam- phlet No. 126, 158 Fairchild, Mr., 291 Fairmount Park, 230, 351, 352, 357 Farragut, David G., 80 silver medal conferred on, 541 553 Index "Fast Implies a Duty, A"; Union League pamphlet No. 24, 154 Federalist, The, 150 Fell, J. Gillingham, 43, 105, 126, 215, 332. 3S9. 440, 461, 462 death of, 206 in memoriam, 334 sketch of, 347 Felton, Samuel M., 87 his plan for Lincoln's safe con- duct, 416 Ferguson, Joseph C, 406 "Few Words for Honest Pennsylvania Democrats, A"; Union League pam- phlet No. 50, 15s Field, John W., 105, 106 Fifteenth Annual Report, 203 Fifth Annual Report, 171 Union League Regiment, 87 Fifty-fourth Colored Troops, 92 "Fighting Quakers," 417 Filipinos, conquest of, 263 "Final Report of Congressional Com- mittee ' ' ; Union League pamphlet No. 113, 158 Finances of the Union League, 207, 212, 215, 216, 220, 232, 234, 237, 241, 243, 252, 261, 266, 270, 337 Finletter, Thomas K., 406 Fire at Union League House, 169, 170 of February 2, 1896, 251 "Fire Zouaves," 409 Fireworks, 317 First City Troop, 282 "First Duty of the Citizen"; Union League pamphlet No. 39, 155 First New York Union League Regi- ment, 100 Regiment of Infantry, N. G. P., 411 Veteran Corps, 254 Union League Regiment, 87 of colored troops, 100 Fitler, Edwin H., 227, 229, 239, 247, 251. 332, 361, 408, 461. 462 death of, 251 dinner to, 239 gold medal conferred, 543 nominated as Mayor \>y Union League and elected, 227, 229 portrait of, 247 sketch of, 361 Five Forks, Battle of, 89 Flag of the Union League, 312 Flags, 312 Flameng (artist), 332 Flanagan, Louis A., 236 Flemish Room, 239, 311 Flodden Field, 148 "Florida, The," 151 Foote, Andrew H., 80, 331 silver medal conferred, 541 "For the Greater Republic, Not for Im- perialism"; address by Hon. A. J. Beveridge, 268, 335 Foraker, Joseph B., address by, 272, 335 Foreign relations considered, 279 Forney, John W., 48, 105, 186, 189, 315, 363. 413 address by, 315 Mrs. John W., 125 Forrest, Edwin, 268, 319 Forster, "William E., silver medal con- ferred, 542 Forsyth, Charles S., 328, 418, 462 Fort Pillow, massacre at, 97 Founders' Day, Addresses, 335 annual dinner, 269, 271, 281, 282, 319. 335 Fourteenth Annual Report, 201 Fourth Annual Report, 165 Fourth of July, 1863, 76, 78 Fourth of July, i8g8, 317 Fourth Union League Regiment, its great record, 87, 88 Fraley, Frederick, 43, 53, 63, 283, 370, 377. 380, 411 oration on death of President Lin- coln, 126 his narration, 381 France, violations of neutrality, 151 Franklin, Benjamin, 330 bust of, 311 Franklin Institute, 383 Frauds at Elections, 173, 177, 179 " Fraud Confessed by N. Y. State Agents"; Union League poster No. 36, 160 Frazer, John F., 412 Fredericksburg, Battle of, 74, 389 Free Trade, 242 message of President Cleveland, 226 Freedmen's Relief Association, iii, 374 vote, suppression of, denounced, 222 Fremont, Jno. C, 124, 331 French Naval Reception, 230 Frothingham, Theodore, 43 Fry, Joseph Reese, 87, 89, 93, 414 554 Index Fry, William H., 414 Frye, William P., 268, 272, 318, 335 address by, 272 Ftmk, Mr., great Union speech, 135 Fumess, Horace Howard, 115, 411 "Future of the North West"; Union League pamphlet No. 6, 154 GAGE, Lyman J., 283, 335 address by, 272 Gantt, E. W., 146, 147 " address" ; Union League pam- phlet No. 63, 156 "G. A. R. " Convention, 114 Thirty-third National Encamp- ment, 267 Garfield, James A., 211, 212, 213, 218, 248, 331 assassination, 212, 213 campaign, efforts of the Union League in, 211, 212 Gasparin, Comte de, 81 silver medal conferred, 541 Geary, John W., 158, 179, 248, 331, 401 " sketch of " ; Union League pam- phlet No. 115, 158 memorial window to, 248 George vs. The State, 37 Miss. Rep. 317, 140 Gerhard, Benjamin, 39, 40, 45, 46, 47, 49, 52, 60, 62, 105, 106, 379, 440 patriotic services as Provost Mar- shal, 407 Gettysburg, Battle of, 78, 190, 228 Gibbon, John, silver medal conferred, 542 Gibbons, Charles, 40, 42, 43, 46, 47, 48, 49, 52, 57, 60, 62, 71, 94, no, 126, 175, 179, 225, 331, 407, 440, 462 attitude at formation of the Union League, 47, 49 suggests the title of the Union League and draws up first articles of association, 42, 43 portrait of, 225 Gibbs, Wolcott, 64 Gilchrist, Alexander W., death of, 255 tribute of Mr. Boker to, 402, 403 Gillmore, Q. A., 80 silver medal conferred, 541 Gilpin, Charles, 30, 46, 47, no, 408, 440 Glenn, Edwin A., 89 Godey, Louis A., 414 Goepp, C, 159 Goforth, John, 407 Gold standard, 250 Goldsborough, Louis M., 331 Goodman, H. Earnest, 248, 251, 410, 411, 462 death of, 251 Gorgas, John A., 88 "Grant and Colfax, Lives and Public Services"; Union League pamphlet No. 136, 158 Grant, Ulysses S., 78, 80, 88, 127, 158, 160, 163, 174, 175, 176, 178, 179, 182, 184, 185, 189, 208, 224, 232, 246, 268, 331, 332, 334, 352. 357, 359. 398, 399. 416 first nominated for President by the Union League, 174, 175, 176 Birthday Banquet, 334 heroic bust of, 331 receptions to, 176, 208 silver medal conferred, 540 death and tribute to, 224 Grant Association, 246 statue in Fairmount Park, unveiling of, 268 "Grant's Opinion," Sept., 1866; Union League poster No. 42, 160 Grant, WiUiam S., 2S3, 371 sketch of, 394, 395 Gray, George, 268, 318 Gray Resei-ves, 358 Gray, WiUiam A., 87 Gray, William C, 410 "Great Conspiracy, The," address by John Jay, Esq., Union League pam- phlet No. 56, 156 "Great Northern Conspiracy of the O. S. L. "; Union League. pamphlet No. 95. 157 "Great Union Speech of Alexander Stephens"; Union League poster No. i. 159 Greble, Edwin, 417 Greeley, Horace, 189 Griggs, John W. , 283 Griscom, Clement A., reception to, 243 GroUeron, painting by, 255, 327 Grove, Henry S., 328 Grow, Galusha A., 316, 402 " Grund, F. J., Speech"; Union League poster No. 12, 159 Guardian, The, 388 555 Index Gu6roult, Adolphe, silver medal con- ferred, 541 Guest Committee, 208 Guests of the Union League, 531 Guy, Seymour, 329 HABEAS Corpus Act, Judge Read's opinion, 405 Halifax, 151 Hall, main, decoration of, 228 Halleck, Henry W., 80, 331 silver medal conferred, 540 Hamilton Rifle Corps, 368 Hamlin, Hannibal, 331 silver medal conferred, 540 Hammond, W. A., silver medal con- ferred, 541 Hancock, Elisha A., 410, 462 Hancock, John, 157 Hancock, Winfield S., 227, 331 silver medal conferred, 542 death and eulogy, 227 Hanna, Marcus A., 250, 274 banquet to, 274 Hard Times, 204, 205 Harding, George, 406 Hare, G. Emlen, 144 Hare, J. I. Clark, 32, 35, 38, 39, 40, 45, 46, 47. 49. SI. 52. S3. 60, 62, 65, 66, 82, 87, 283, 356, 371, 406, 440 " Opinion on Legal Tender Acts"; Union League pam- phlet No. 70, 156 sketch of, 386, 387 Speech at the formation of the League, 49 Suggests formation of the Union Club, 32, 35, 38,39,45 Harmer, Alfred C, 402 Harper's Ferry, 27 Harrison, Benjamin, 231, 232, 233, 238, ^ 241, 242, 247, 331 his Administration, 241, 242 honorary membership conferred, 231. 467, S43 receptions to, 238, 247 Harrison, Joseph, 415 Harrison, Wm. Henry, 381 Hart, Abraham, 412 Hartranft, JohnF.,189, 331, 332, 365, 401 Haseltine, Charles P., 328 Haseltine, John Henry, 330 Haseltine Building burned, 251 Hastings, Daniel H., 248, 402 reception to, 248 Hawaiian Islands, 242 Hay, John, 283 Hayes, i Rutherford B., 202, 203, 206, 209, 243 his Southern policy indorsed, 203 reception to, 206 veto approved by the Union League, 209 death of, 243 Hayes-Tilden Electoral Commission, 405 Hazlehurst, Isaac, 406 Heckler, N. P., 314 Hendricks, Thomas A., death of, 225 Henry, Alexander, 84 Herald, New York, 364 Herzog, George, 228, 239, 312 Hickman, John, 92, 403 HiU, David J., 335 Historical Society of Pennsylvania, 152, 378 History of Union League, 269 Hitchcock, Ethan A., 283 Hobart, Garret A., death of, 271 Hodges, A. G., Lincoln's letter to, 123 "Holmes, Oliver W., Oration July 4, 1864"; Union League pamphlet No. 4°. iSS Holt, Joseph, silver medal conferred, 170. S43 Homer, Winslow, 329 Honorary Roll, 467 Honors conferred by the Union League, 540 Hooker, Joseph, 80, 331 silver medal conferred, 541 Hopkins, John Henry, on slavery, 142, 143. 144. IS9 Houdon, J. A., bust of Washington, 311, 330 Houston, William C, 237, 251, 332, 360, 461, 462 portrait of, 237 sketch of, 360 death of, 251 "How a Free People Conduct a Long War"; Union League pamphlet No. 4. 154 Howard, Hon. Mr., report on inter- ference in elections, 156 Howard, John, argument on status of the slave, 141 556 Index Howard, Oliver Otis, 330 Howe, M. A. de Wolfe, 144 Howell, George R., 328 Hoyt, Henry M., address by, 316 reception to, 208, 334, 402 Huey, Samuel B., 210, 232, 250, 316, 413, 462 gold medal conferred, 543 Humphreys, A. A., silver medal con- ferred, 542 Hunt, Benjamin P., 105, 106 Hunter, General, 124 Hurley, William H., 411, 462 Hyneman, J. E., 329 TCE-MAKING plant, 243, 314, 343 A "Illiteracy"; address by Hon. John Eaton, 334 "Immense Meeting in Favor of the Union"; Union League pamphlet No. 7. 154 Imperialism; warnmg agamst, 259 Income of Union League, 170, 340 Incorporation of Union League author- ized, 81 Independence Hall, 200, 206 "Information to Soldiers as to their Voting" ; Union League poster No. 35, 160 IngersoU, Charles, 31 IngersoU, Joseph R., treatise on "Seces- sion," 400 Inness, George, 329 International American Congress, re- ception to, 233 League of Press Clubs, reception to, 248 Navigation Company, 243 Inter-Oceanic Canal, 266 "Irish Patriot, The"; Union League pamphlet No. 60, 156 "Irish Regiment," 409 Iron Duke, The, 152 "Is it Peace or War?" Union League poster No. 17, 160 " Is the South Ready for Restoration? Union League pamphlet No. m, 158 JACKSON, Andrew, 179, 33°. 33 = J "Proclamation against Nulhfica- tion Ordinance"; Union League pamphlet No. 65, 156 5 "Jackson's Prophecy in 1833"; Union League pamphlet No. 26, 155 Jackson, J. Walker, 63, 105 Jay, John, 330 speech, 156 Jefferson, Joseph, 329 Johnson, Andrew, 126, 163, 167, 168, 178 gold medal conferred, 542 impeachment of, attitude of the Union League, 171 "Johnson Party, The"; Union League pamphlet No. 120, 158 "Johnson and Clymer"; Union League poster No. 38, 160 Johnson, William, 350 Jones, J. Levering, 253, 255, 268, 317, 463 speech on Wilson Tariff Bill, 317 KANE, Robert P., 31 Kansas-Nebraska struggle, 27 "Kearsarge," flag of, 313 Kelley, William D., 94, 155, 157, 158, 331, 402 Speeches; Union League pam- phlet No. 30, 155 "Speeches in Debate with North- rop"; Union League pamphlet No. 85, 157 speech on Protection to Ameri- can Labor, 158 Kenney, John B., 62, 440 King, Charles, 63, 66, 67 speech at formal opening of the Union League House, 67 Knight, D. Ridgway, 261, 327, 329 Knight, Edward C, 195, 247, 416, 462 gold medal conferred, 543 portrait of, 247 Kuhn, Hartman, 59, 303 LABOR and Capital, 265 Laboulaye, M. Edouardde, 81, 330, 333 bronze bust of, 188, 311. 315 silver medal conferred, 541 Ladies, admission of, 314 reception to, 190 Ladies' restaurant, 251 Lafayette, General de, painting of, 331 57 Index Landis's Battery, 366 Lane, William S., 209 Lasker, Emanuel, 247 Lathrop, George P., 55, 74 extract from his history of the Union League, 55 Latta, James W., 410 Laundry, 342 Law Academy of Philadelphia, 349 Lawrenceville, 360 Lea, Henry C, 105, 106, 155, 156, 411 ' ' Bible View of Polygamy ' ' ; Union League pamphlet No. 62, 156 "The Crisis"; Union League pamphlet No. 127, 158 " The First Duty of the Citizen " ; Union League pamphlet No. 39. 155 League House, cost of properties and furnishing, 337 Leavitt, Judge, opinion in Vallandig- ham Habeas Corpus Case, 155 Lee, Alfred, 246 Lee, Henry, 134 Lee, Robert E., 77, 78, 86, 88, 125, 126 "Legal Organization of the People to Select Candidates for OfBce ' ' ; Union League pamphlet No. 145, 159 Legal Powers of Board of Directors of the Union League under Charter, 235 Lehman, William E., 404 "Leonora"; opera, 414 "Letters to the President by a Refu- gee " ; Union League pamphlet No. 1 1 , 15.4 Lewis, Henry, 105 Lewis, Saunders, 106 Lewis, Taylor, "State Rights"; Union League pamphlet No. 10 1, 157 Lewis, William D., 30, 31, 63, 78, 87, 91, 93, 94, 115, 116, 117, 417 Lewis Farm, Fight of, 89 Lex, Charles E., 361 Lexington, Battle of, 260 Liberty Bell, 76 Liberty Bills, 27 Library, 177, 180, 184, 188, 212, 216, 251, 261, 312, 320, 325, 334, 335 Library, annual cost of, 341 catalogues of, 246, 255, 334, 335 "Geo. S. Pepper" bequest, 237, 343 improvements and growth, 246, 255 Lieber, Francis, 154, 156, 157 "Lincoln or McClellan — a letter"; Union League pamphlet No. 97, 157 "No Party now"; Union League pamphlet No. 19, 154 ' ' Plantations for Slave Labor the Death of the Yeomanry ' ' ; Union League pamphlet No. 61, 156 Li Hung Chang, reception to, 317 "Limbourg Cathedral"; etching, 333 Lincoln, Abraham, 28, 77, 80, 126, 156, 157, 172, 188, 254, 291, 306, 312, 313. 330. 331. 381 original views as to extinction of slavery, 29, 30 progress of his mind toward eman- cipation, 34, 124, 125 his conceptions of duty and his statecraft, 123 letter to three Southern gentlemen, 123 sketch of his characteristics in Union League campaign paper, 119, 120 address by Union League in favor of his re-election, 118 nomination for second term, 115, 117 comparison with Jefferson Davis, 146 gold medal conferred, 540 assassination, 121, 122 ' ' Letter from ' ' ; Union League pam- phlet No. 31, 155 ' ' Abraham Lincoln " ; Union League pamphlet No. 69, 156 "Amnesty Proclamation and Third Annual Message ' ' ; Union League pamphlet No. 66, 156 bust of, 311 portrait of, 331 "Lincoln or McClellan"; Union League pamphlet No. 97, 157 Lincoln Dinner, 262, 268, 318, 335 Lincoln Club, 246 Lincoln, Robert T., reception to, 243 Lippincott, J. B., 412 Lists. See Union League Lists. Little, Amos R., 197 Littleton, William E., 462 Local politics, attitude of Union League toward, 192 Lockwood, William E., speech on Wil- son Tariff Bill, 317 558 Itidex Lodge, Henry Cabot, 276, 283, 294, 299, 335 addresses by, 276, 335 speech at Founders' Day Ban- quet, 294, 299 Long, John D., 271, 283, 319 Longfellow, Henry W., 332 Lowell, James Russell, 156 Loyal Legion, Military Order of; 25th Anniversary, 236 Loyal Publication Society of New York, 107 "Loyalist's Ammunition, The"; Union League pamphlet No. 5, 135, 154 "Loyalty Demanded by the Present Crisis"; Union League pamphlet No. n, 157 "Loyalty for the Times, The"; Union League pamphlet No. 79, 157 Lucas, Samuel, silver medal conferred, 542 Ludlow, William, 409 Luzon, facts regarding, 263 ■ Lynd, James, 406 "Lyons, Lord, in Council with the New York Democracy"; Union League pamphlet No. 29, 155 McCALL, General, 331 McClellan, George B., 37, 118, 389 McClure, Alexander K., 413 McCreary, George D., 238 McCuUoch, Hugh, silver medal con- ferred, 542 McDowell, Irwin, 80 silver medal conferred, 541 MacEuen, Charles Izard, 89,105,106,331 McKibben, D. B., 88 McKim, J. M., no McKinley, William, 250, 258, 259, 261, 268, 274, 283, 299 address by, 268 banquet and receptions to, 253, 254, 257. 317 elected Governor of Ohio, 238 speech at Founders' Day Banquet, 287, 289 honorary membership conferred, 467, 543 , „ , . Memorial Meeting and Resolutions, 418, 426 "McKinley Bill," 234 McKinley and Hobart, 249 McLean, George P., 87,88 McMichael, Charles B., 406 McMichael, Clayton, 413 McMichael, Morton, 30, 39, 40, 46, 47, 49, 50, 51, 52, 60, 62, 63, 71, 87, 94, 117, 1x8, 126, 130, 186, 215, 332, 359. 379. 408, 440. 461 death of, 208, 209 in memoriam, 334 sketch of, 351 McMichael, William, 209, 410 speech by, 209 McPherson, Edward, 158, 403 MacVeagh, Wayne, 79, 186, 356 Minister to Italy and to Turkey, 400, 401 Maccari, artist, 332 Mack, Colonel, 137 "Maine, The," destruction of, 258 Maine election, 80, 211 Malays, 262 Malespine, M., silver medal conferred, 541 Manassas, Battle of, 86 "Mandate" from Democratic Conven- tion at Chicago, 244 Manila, Battle of, 260 Mann, William B., 407 Map-rack, 246 Marshall, John, 331 Massachusetts, tumults in, 134 Maximilian, 164 " Maynard, Judge, Extract from his Charge to Grand Jury ' ' ; Union League pamphlet No. 9, 154 Meade, George G., 78, 80, 127, 190, 230, i's-i, 330. 331 silver inedal conferred, 541 gold medal presented to, and returned to Union League as custodian, 170, 239, 543 death and tribute to, 190 monument to, and memorial reception, 230 Meade, Colonel, 239 Medal of Honor of the Union League; list of recipients, 80, 540 Meeting of Citizens of Philadelphia, January 3, 1861, 30 at National Hall to protest against "Coercion," 31 Citizens of Philadelphia, 84 held in Capital of "Tennessee, Union League poster No. 25, 160 S59 Index Meetings of the Union League, 86, 93, 116, 117, 126, 183, 243, 249, 270 Memorial to General Thomas, 183 Special Meeting, May 22, 1872, to nominate Grant for re-elec- tion, 189 Special Meeting, October, 1870: Constitutional Convention, 192 to indorse President Hayes' veto, 209 to ratify nomination of Presi- dent McKinley, 275 of Board of Directors, Sept. 20, 1S81, 213 Campaign Sleetings, 1896, 250 public political meeting, Oct. 1, 1900, 276 public meeting at Academy of Music in 1894, 316 to protest against the Wilson TarifiE Bill, 316 Meigs, John F., 42, 47, 57, 379 memorable meeting of Union Club at his house, 303 Meigs, Montgomery C, silver medal conferred, 541 Meigs, S. Emlen, 411 Membership, 170, 174, 240, 241, 243, 248, 261, 266, 270, 337, 344 List of Members, 467 increase in, 212, 216, 220, 221, 223, 225. 233. 237 decrease in, 199, 203, 204, 205, 209 proposal to limit, 192 officers of U. S., privileges accorded to, i8g Army, Navy, and Consular Roll created, 230 "Corresponding,'' abolished, 233 value of, 230 political qualifications for, 244 waiting list, 246 life membership created, 248 limit fixed at 1800, 255 Memorial History of Philadelphia, 364 of Union Club by Mr. Boker, 36 to the regiments raised by Union League, 261 windows, 359, 546 Mercur, Ulysses, 404, 405 Meredith, William Morris, 46, 62, 63, 179, 192, 194, 215, 332, 346, 386, 406, 440, 461, 467 Meredith, William Morris, death of , 194 gold medal conferred, 542 sketch of, 346 Merrill, Lewis, 409 "Merrill's Horse," 409 Messchert, M. H., 105 Mexico, 151 Michener, Henry G., 256 Michener, John H., 411, 462 Military Committee of the Union League, 86, 87, 91, loi Committee's Memorial to Congress on the Enrolment Act, 91 "Military Despotism"; Union League poster No. 4, 159 Military work of the Union League, 83 Mill, John Stuart, silver medal con- ferred, 542 Miller, E. Spencer, 407 Milliken, James, 47, 53, 63, 127, 128, 232, 283, 316, 371, 384 reminiscences at twenty-fifth anni- versary of the Union League, 127, 128 sketch of, 385, 386 Millward, William, 404 "Minerve," reception to officers of, 230 Missouri Compromise, 26 Mitchell, James T., 405 Mob on Walnut Street opposite State House, 129 "Modem Democratic Creed, The"; Union League poster No. 3, 159 ' ' Monarchic and Aristocratic Designs of the Southern Conspirators." See Union League pamphlet No. 89, 157 Monetary Commission, The, 261 report of minutes of special meet- ing, 335 Money, Honest, 205 Sound, 261 Monmouth, battle of, 260 Montijo, Admiral, 313 Moore, Alfred P., 462 Moore, Bloomfield H., 41, 105, 106 Moore, Henry D., speech by, 84, 85, 403 Moran vs. Gardner Davis; 18 Georgia Rep. 722, 141 Morgan, J. Pierpont, 283 Morning Post, 363 Morrell, Daniel J., 404 Morrell, Edward de V. , 404 Morris, Edward Joy, 186, 401 Morris, Robert, 312 560 Index Morris, Stephen, 105 Mortgages, 195, 207, 212, 234, 304, 337, 340 Morton, Levi P., elected honorary mem- ber, 231, 467, 543 reception to, 232 Morton, Oliver P., speech on "Recon- struction"; Union League pamphlet No. 130, 158 Municipal Government, Report of Com- mittee on, 334 Music Committee, 236, 239, 241 Myers, John B., 43, 62, 115, 416, 440, 461 Myers, Leonard, 402 NAPOLEON, Louis, Emperor of France, 151 "Narrative of Privations of U. S. Officers and Soldiers"; Union League pamphlet No. 100, 157 Nassau, 151 National financial system, addresses on, 335 National Guard, The, 95 National Hall meetings, 31, 130 National Union League, 73 "Nation's Sins and the Nation's Duty, The"; Union League pamphlet No. 41, iSS " Nation's Success and Gratitude, The " ; Union League pamphlet No. 78, 157 Navy Roll, 345 Neals, William, privileges conferred, 542 Needle bath, 310 Neff, Harmanus, 88, 90, 410 Neff, Joseph S., 247, 462J Negro troops; memorial on the subject from citizens of Philadelphia to Secretary of War, 92, 93 Negroes, arming of. See Union League pamphlet No. 30, 155 employment by Washington and Jackson, 96 treatment of, after the war, 145 New England, insurrections in, 134 New Hampshire election, 74 New Jersey member suspended, 170 "New Rebellion, The"; Union League pamphlet No. 140, 159 New York Union League — effort for co-operation among the Union Leagues throughout the country, 173 36 56 New York, pivotal State, 211 prejudice against colored troops, 93 Newkirk, Matthew, 416 Newlin, Joseph D., 144 Newton, R. Heber, 144 Nicaragua Canal, 262 Nineteenth Annual Report, 212 Ninth Annual Report, 184 Ninth Union League Regiment, 88 "No party now, but all for Country"; Union League pamphlet No. 19, 154 Norris, A. Wilson, 410 North, George H,, 410 North and South, conflicting interests, 26, 27 North Atnerican and United States Gazette, 38, 39, 51, 351, 413 "Northern Interests and Southern In- dependence"; Union League pam- phlet No. 17, 154 Northrop, George, 157 Notable Men of the Union League, 397 "Notre Dame," opera, 414 O'CONNELL, Daniel, 156 Officers and Members, Lists of, 461 "Old Continental and the New Green- back Dollar"; Union League pam- phlet No. 88, 157 "Olive Branch, The"; Union League poster No. 2, 159 Olmstead, Mr., 64 O'Neill, Charles, 402 "Only Alternative, The " ; Union League pamphlet No. 99, 157 "Opinions of a Man who wishes to be Governor of Pennsylvania"; Union League pamphlet No. 43, 155 Ome, James H., 89, 90, 185, 187 efforts as Chairman of the Mili- tary Committee, 89, 90, 185 death of, 185 "O. S. L. — Great Northern Conspiracy of the ' ' ; Union League pamphlet No. 95. 157 "Our Commercial Relations with Cen- tral and South America"; address by Hon. Geo. F. Edmimds, 248 "Our Foreign Policy"; address by Hon. John M. Thurston, 268, 335 ' ' Our Foreign Relations ' ' ; Union League pamphlet No. 68, 156 Index "Our National Constitution"; Union League pamphlet No. 12, 154 "Our Place Among the Nations"; ad- dress by David J. Hill, 335 Owen, Joshua T., 409 PADDOCK, Wilbur F., 144 Palmetto Flag, The, 31 Pamphlets issued by the Union League, 132, 154 Pan-American Exposition at Buffalo, 418, 428 Parrish, George D., 105 Passmore, Lincoln K., 328, 462 Patterson, C. Stuart, 249, 250, 261, 332, 335. 461, 463 speeches and addresses by, 262, 312, 316, 317 sketch of, 366 Patterson, Joseph Storm, 325, 411 death of, 267 Paul, James W., 41, 46, 105, 407 portrait of, 255 Paxson, Edward M., 405 Peace Commissioners, banquet to, 258, 268 address of President Darlington in- troducing; Union League pam- phlet, Feb., 1899, 33S Congress, 62 delegates from England, reception to, 229 Democrats, indignation meeting of, 74 Jubilee, 257 Protocol, 256 "Peace and Disunion"; Union League poster No. 15, 160 Peacock, Gibson, 414 "Pending Conflict, The"; Union League poster No. 8, 159 "Pendleton, George H., Congressional Record of"; Union League pamphlet No. 93, 157 Penn, William; Bi-Centennial Celebra- tion, 219 Pennsylvania Chasseurs, 87 election of 1865; part taken in it by Union League, 127 formerly a stronghold of Democracy, 46, 180 the "Keystone" State, 180 number of troops furnished by, 32 not more concerned in maintenance of Protection than other States, 226 Pennsylvania, political uncertainty in 1862, 34 R. R. Co., 84 Reserves, 86 tribute of the Union League to, 180, 181 Union State Central Committee, ad- dress, Sept., 1863; Union League pamphlet No. 46, 155 University of, 152 Pennypacker, Samuel W., 406 Penrose, Boies, 404 address at the McKinley Memorial Meeting, 435 reception to, 254 People's Party, 28 Pepper, George S., bequest to the library, 237, 239, 323, 332 portrait of, 246 Perkins, Samuel C, 105, 106, 365, 407, 441, 462 Petersburg, siege of, 88 Peterson, Charles J., 43, 414 Pettit, Silas W., 201, 209, 232, 256, 271, 319. 332. 461, 462 address by, 276 sketch of, 365 Philadelphia, fit birthplace of the Union League; brief survey of events and institutions connected with the city, 19-22 sympathy with the South and dis- loyal tone of society, 31, 38, 40 sixty-seven citizens' action, 32 conflicting state of public opinion just before the War, 30, 128 seventy-fourth anniversary of signing of the Constitution made a holiday, 32 bounties to volunteers, 32 care of troops passing through, 32 number of colored troops furnished by, 100 Bi-Centennial of, 219 Bullitt Charter, 227 municipal frauds, 238 letter carriers' parade, 248 women, patriotic efforts of, 114 Philippine Commission, 272 Philippines, The, 258, 262, 263, 264 "Philippines and Commercial Expan- sion, The"; address by Hon. Charles Emory Smith, 272 "Picture of Slavery drawn from the ;62 Index Decisions of Southern Courts " ; Union League pamphlet No. 54, 140, 156 Pierce, Wilham S., 406 "Plan for the Selection of Candidates for office"; Union League pamphlet No. 145, 159 "Planter's Almanac for 1864"; Union League pamphlet No, 76, 156 ' ' Platform of the National Union Party of Pennsylvania, March 7, 1866"; Union League pamphlet No. 109, 158 Plumb, Fayette R., 250, 462 "Political Manual for 1866"; Union League pamphlet No. 119, 158 Politics, attempt of Union League to purify, 198 Union League's attitude toward local, 227 Pollock, James, 401 Pool tournament, 236 Pope, John, portrait, 331 Porter, David D., 80, 332 silver medal conferred, 541 Porter, Charles S., 154 Porter, William W., 405 Portraits in Library, 332 of Presidents of the Union League, 332 Postage stamps, protest of Union League regarding, 179 Posters, Lithographs, etc., List of, 159 Potter, Alonzo, no, 144 Potter, William, 238, 241, 247, 250, 401, 462 appointed Minister to Italy, 241 banquet to, 247 "Practical Defects of Existing Forms of Political Action"; Union League pamphlet No. 145, 159 Pratt, Joseph T., 406 "Preamble and Resolutions of the Union League, Sept. 18, 1867"; Union League pamphlet No. 128, 158 Presbyterian Assembly, 68 Presidents of the Union League, 346 "President's Pohcy, The"; Union League pamphlet No. 71, 156 President's Room of the Union League, Press, The, 45, 46, 60, 126, 363, 403, 413 Prevost, Charles M., 358, 410 Princeton College, 356, 360 " Prisoners of War, Treatment of." See Union League pamphlet No. 100, 157 Prize Essays on the best mode of making nominations to office, 173, 174 Proctor, John W., address by, 262, 317 "Proofs for Workingmen," etc.; Union League pamphlet No. 89, 157 ' ' Protection , " 238 "Protection," the battle-cry of the Union League, 226 "Protection to American Labor"; Union League pamphlet No. 108, 158 ' ' Protection : Speeches on Wilson Tariff Bill " ; a compendium of arguments, 316, 317 Protective policy re-affirmed, 235 Protestant Episcopal Church, 142, 143, 144 Clergy, no Convention, 68 "Psyche"; painting, 359 Public Ledger, 414 Publication, Board of, 73, 79, 105, 106, 107, 118, 142, 169, 177 summary of its output, 106, 107 list of pamphlets distributed by, 154 new Board formed, 106 Publication Committee, 212 campaign of 1896, 250 Publications of Union League since 1868, 334, 335 Puerto Rico, 258, 262 "Puerto Rico Bill"; address by Hon. Joseph B. Foraker, 272, 335 Pugh, Charles E., 256, 462 Pumping engine, 314 QUINCY, Josiah, silver medal con- ferred, 80, 542 ( t D ADICALS" in the Union League, r\ 93 Ralston, Robert, 406 Randolph, Evan, 105 Rawle, William Henry, 43, 103, 406 Read, Admiral, 331 Read, John M., 160, 405 Read, T. Buchanan, 333 "Rebuke of Secession Doctrines by Southern Statesmen ' ' ; Union League pamphlet No. 18, 134 563 Index Receptions of the Union League — to the families of members, 183 to ladies on Washington's Birthday, 190 to Commissioners of Centennial Ex- hibition, 190 to General Grant and Governor Hoyt, 208 May 6, 1881, 215 Bi-Centennial Celebration, 219 to James G. Blaine, 223 on the Centennial Celebration of adoption of Constitution, 229 to delegates of London Peace Asso- ciation, 229 to the officers of the "Minerve,'' 230 Meade Memorial Reception, 230 to Vice-President-elect Levi P. Mor- ton, 232 to Hon. John Wanamaker, 233 to International American Congress, 233 to Gen. William T. Sherman, 236 to Loyal Legion, 236 to President Harrison and Members of his Cabinet, 238 to Hon. Edwin S. Stuart, 239 to Clement A. Griscom, 243 to Hon. Robert T. Lincoln, 243 to Admiral Benham, 247 to Members, 247 to Gov. Daniel H. Hastings, 248 to Hon. Chas. F. Warwick, 248 to Viceroy Li Hung Chang, 250 to President William McKinley, 254 to Rear Admiral Sampson, 268 to Hon. Charles Emory Smith, 268 to Peace Commissioners, 268 to Gov. H. M. Hoyt, 316 "Reconstruction" Acts, 171 Committee of Boston, 173 final Congressional report on, 157 Hon. Thos. Williams on; Union League pamphlet No. 107, 158 speech by Oliver P. Morton, Jan. 24, 1868; Union League pamphlet No. 130. 158 "Record of the Democratic Party, 1860-1865 "; Union League pamphlet No. 103, 157 Reed, Thomas B., speech at Academy of Music, 1894, 316 Reeves, Samuel J., 43 Refrigerators, 314 Registry Law, to purify elections, 177 Reid, Whitelaw, 268 Republican Party, 79, 80, 217, 218, 222, 240, 245. 247. 249. 250 character of its platform in 1880, 211 present Customs laws originated by, 232, 233 the Union League declared to be a Republican organization, 244 Administration indorsed, 266 nominations ratified, 275 character and policy vindicated, 276 epoch-making character of its vic- tory in igoo, 298 defeat, causes assigned, 196 National Committee's thanks to the Union League, 250 National Convention, 274 State Central Committee of Penn- sylvania, 127 Republicans of Philadelphia parade, 231 ' ' Repudiation ' ' ; Union League pam- phlet No. 133, 158 ' ' Resolutions of Union Republican State Convention, June 26, 1867"; Union League pamphlet No. 124, 158 Restaurant, 314 "Return of Rebellious States to the Union"; Union League pamphlet No. 75. .156 Re-unification of North and South, 260 Reybum, John E., 404 Reynolds, John P., portrait of, 331 Rhode Island election, 74 Rich^, George Inman, 412 Richmond, capture of, 125 visit of a Joint Committee to, 173 Rico, M., painting by, 332 Riebenack, M., Founders' Day dinner proposed by, 269 "Rival Platforms, The"; Union League poster No. 14, 160 River and Harbor Bill, 21S "Road to Peace, The"; Union League poster No. 5, 159 Robeson, George M., 186, 399 Rogers, Fairman, 43 Roof garden, 313 Roosevelt, Theodore, 274, 275, 283, 290, 294 speech at Founders' Day Banquet, 290, 294 564 Index Roosevelt, Theodore, honorary member- ship conferred, 467, 543 Rosecrans, WilHam S., 80, 139 silver medal conferred, 541 ' ' Letters of " ; Union League pamphlet No. i, 154 Rosengarten, Joseph G., address by, 189, 315 Rothermel, Peter F., 255, 413 Rothermel, Samuel H., 255 Ruff, C. F., 94 1 1 C ACKING of Altamura"; painting '^ 333 St. Louis Convention, 249 "St. Michael's Tower"; etching, 333 Salisbury, Lord, quoted, 238 Sampson, Rear Admiral, dinner to, 268 San Francisco Union League, 71 Sanitary Commission, 76 Sanitary Fair of 1864, 114, 115 Santiago, battle of, 260 victory at, celebrated, 317 Sargent, F. W., silver medal conferred, 542 Saturday Courier, 351 Saturday Evening Post, 351 Saturday Gazette, 351 "Savoury Dish for Loyal Men"; Union League pamphlet No. 8, 138, 154 Schurman, J. G., 272, 319 Schurz, Carl, report to the President on Condition of the Negroes after the War, 144, 145 "Report on Condition of the South"; Union League pam- phlet No. 105, 157 "Extracts from his Report "; Union League pamphlet No. 106, 158 Scott, Thomas A., 415 Scott, Winfield, 331 Search, Theodore C, 418 Second Louisiana, the battle-song, 155 Union League Regiment, 87 Secretary of the Navy, 272 of the Treasury, threat of, 242 Sellers, David W., 407 Sellers, John, Jr., 283, 371 his narration, 391, 392 sketch of, 390, 391 Sellers, William, 53, 173, 283, 370, 382, 418, 441, 462 gift for prize essays, 173 Sellers, William, his narration, 383, 384 Sergeant, John, 331 Seventeenth Annual Report, 207 Seventh Annual Report, 178 Seventh Union League Regiment, 88 Seventy-six, Committee of, 169 Seward, William H., silver medal con- ferred, 540 Seymour, Horatio, 34, 37, 64,"ioo Seymour family, 367 Shanafelt, J. R. , 156 Sharp, Samuel S., 256 Sharswood, Judge, 179 Shaw, Robert G., 92 Sheridan, Philip H., 89,174, 232, 330,331 reception to, 174 silver medal and honorary mem- bership conferred, 467, 542 death of, 232 portrait of, 331 Sherman, William T., reception to, 236, 316 silver medal conferred, 541 death of, 239 portrait of, 331 Shiloh, battle of, 86 Shippen, Edward, 407 Shuffle-boards, 341 Sickel, Horatio G., 88, 89, 90, 410 Sickles, Daniel E., reception to, 174 Sigel, Franz, 80 silver medal conferred, 541 Silver question, 249, 250, 265 Sinking Fund, 195, 342, 343 "Sixteen to One," 249 Sixteenth Annual Report, 205 Sixth Annual Report, 176 Union League Regiment, 88, 8g U. S. Colored Troops, 96 Sixty-seven Citizens' Reply to President Lincoln's first proclamation for sup- port, 32 Sixty-two, Committee of, address to the Members of the Union League, 334 Slave, status of, 141 "Slavery Controversy, End of"; Union League pamphlet No. 72, 156 "Democratic Opinions on"; Union League pamphlet No. 49, 155 "Does the Bible Sanction Ameri- can?" Union League pamphlet No. effect on New England and the West, 147 565 hidex Slavery, Gen. Gantt on, 147 judicial decisions of Southern Courts on status of slaves, 140, 141 ' ' the Mere Pretext for the Rebellion ' ' ; Union League pamphlet No. 26, ' ' Plantations for Slave labor the death of the Yeomanry"; Union League pamphlet No. 61, 156 views of Alexander H. Stephens, 29 views of Justice Woodward, 29 "Views of Judge Woodward, Bishop Hopkins, and Mrs. Kemble"; Un- ion League pamphlet No. 48, 155 discussed in Union League pam- phlets, 140-147 question, 25 Sleeping rooms, 313 Small, Colonel, 365 Smith, Aubrey H., 407 Smith, Charles Eastwick, 273, 461, 462 portrait of, 237, 332 sketch of, 354 Smith, Charles Emory, 268, 272, 283, 299, 318, 400 addresses by, 272, 299, 318 reception to, 268 Smith, Daniel, Jr., 94, 304, 332, 462 portrait of, 225, 332 Smith, Edward I., 462, 463 Smith, Goldwin, 97, 156 silver medal conferred, 542 Smith, J. Frailey, 201, 462 portrait of, 255 Smith, Lloyd P., 412 Smith, Winthrop, 411, 463 Smyth, Lindley, 105, 106, 185, 187, 441 gold medal conferred, 543 death of, 267 Snowden, A. Loudon, 401, 418 speech on Wilson Tariff Bill, 317 address at the McKinley Memo- rial Meeting, 431 Socialistic arguments deplored, 280 ' ' Soldier and Flag ' ' ; Union League poster No. 40, 160 Soldiers' and Sailors' Savings Fund recommended, 114 Soldiers' Claim and Pension Agency, 76, 114 "Solid South," 247 Song, "Red, White and Blue," 160 Soxuid Money, 261 "South, Condition of, at Close of the War"; Union League pamphlet No. 105. 157 South, helping the, 215 ' ' Southern Democracy ' ' ; Union League poster No. 32, 160 "Peace, A"; Union League poster No. 33, 160 ' ' Slavery and the Christian Religion ' ' ; Union League pamphlet No. 44, States, attitude in 1879, 208 Unionists, Convention of, at Phila- delphia, 169 Spain, Resolution of the Union League on war with, 256 conclusion of peace with, 262 happy effect of war with, in reunifica- tion of North and South, 260 results of war with, 257, 258, 259, 260 Standard, New York, The, 364 Stanton, Edwin M., 90, 91, 94, 11 1 and the Union League, 177 reception to, 176 silver medal conferred, 340 portrait of, 331 death and tribute to, 181, 182 State vs. David, 4 Jones, No. Ca. Rep. 353. 141 State Central Committee of Republican Party, 79 State House, 78 bell, 78 "State Rights, a Photograph from the Ruins of Ancient Greece ' ' ; Union League pamphlet No. loi, 157 "Statement of a Union Soldier"; Union League poster No. 31, 160 Steams, George L., 93, 94 Steel, William G. , speech on Wilson Tariff Bill, 317 Steinitz, W., 247 Stephens, Alex. H., views on slavery, 29 ' ' Great Union Speech of " ; Union League poster No. i, 159 Stevens, William Bacon, no Stevens, Thaddeus, 92, 331 Stewart, William B., sermon, 155 Stills, Charles J., 115, 152, 154, 182, 215, 267. 35°. 392. 412 pamphlet — "How a Free People Conduct a Long War," 152 patriotic pamphlets by, 154 eulogy of Horace Binney, Jr., 182 death of, 267 566 Index Stokley, William S. , 408 Stone, Charles W., 404 Stone, William A., 283 Stotesbury, Edward T., 256, 282, 328, 340, 343. 463 Strangers' Register, 68 Strawbridge, Justus C, 328 Strong, George, meeting of conference at his house, 66 Strong, William, 349, 350, 405 Stroud, George M., 406 letter on "Southern Slavery and the Christian Religion," 155 Stuart, Edwin S., 408 reception to, 239 Stuart, George H., 416 Sugar Trust, 245 Sully, Thomas, 62, 81, 82, 331 Sulzberger, Mayer, 406 Sumner, Charles, 156 Sumner-Brooks episode, 27 Sumter, Fort, 27, 31, 125, 129 Supervisory Committee on Enlistment of Colored Troops, 94, 95, 99, iii wise management of funds, 100 Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, opinion on Enrolment Act, 74 decision on the suspension of a, member, 235 dinner to, 272 of U. S. on enforcement legislation of Congress, 221 Suspension of a member, 235 Swann, Wilson C, 41 Swimming pool, 310, 339 Swinton, William, 157 TAGGART, John H., 99 1 Talmage, T. De Witt, no Tariff Question, 26, 219, 226 "Tariff for Revenue only," a Spectre, 238 Taylor, Bayard, 186 Taylor, Zachary, 333 Tenth Annual Report, 189 Terry, Alfred H., silver medal conferred, 542 Tersten, M., silver medal conferred, 542 "Testimony of a Refugee from East Tennessee ' ' ; Union League pamphlet No. 21, 154 Thayer, M. Russell, 62, 63, 171, 316, 403, 406 Third Union League Regiment, 87 United States Regiment, Colored Troops, 96 Thirteenth Annual Report, 196 Thirtieth Annual Report, 240 Thirty-first Annual Report, 241 Thirty-second Annual Report, 244 Thirty-third Annual Report, 247 Thirty-fourth Annual Report, 249 Thirty-fifth Annual Report, 253 Thirty-sixth Annual Report, 256 Thirty-seventh Annual Report, 262 Thirty-eighth Annual Report, 270 Thomas, George H., memorial meeting for, 183 portrait of, 331 silver medal conferred, 542 Thomas, John W., 368 Thomas, Lorenzo, 80 silver medal conferred, 541 Thomas, William B., 410 Thompson, J. P., 156 Thompson, Chief Justice, 350 Thomson, Frank, 267 Thomson, John Edgar, 87, 415 Thurston, John M,, 319, 335 address by, 268 Tiffany Clock, 330 Tilden, Samuel J., 201 Tilghman, WilHam M., 43, 105, 106, 407 ' ' To the Business Men of Pennsylvania' ' ; Union League pamphlet No. 144, 159 "To the Men of the South"; Union League pamphlet No. 38, 155 "To the Soldiers of the Union"; Union League pamphlet No. 80, 157 Tomkins, Floyd W., 419 Tournament at billiards, etc., 225 Tower, Charlemagne, bust of, 247, 330 Tower, Charlemagne, Jr., 254, 255, 401, 463 paper on the "Earl Comwallis and the Siege of Yorktown," 254, 317 Minister to Austria, 255 Minister to Russia, 401 Townsend, Henry C, 106 Townsend, Joseph B., 60, 62, 105, 195, 407, 440, 462 gold medal conferred, 543 death of, 251 Tribune, New York, 363 Trimble, Robert, silver medal conferred. S42 567 Index Trott, George, 66, gi, 105, 441 "True Issues now Involved"; Union League pamphlet No. 42, 155 "Truth from an Honest Man"; Union League pamphlet No. 31, 155 Tuskegee, 318 Twelfth Annual Report, 194 Pennsylvania Reserves, 99 Twentieth Annual Report, 217 Twenty-first Annual Report, 220 Twenty-second Annual Report, 222 U. S. Colored Regiment, 100 Twenty- third Annual Report, 224 Twenty-fourth Annual Report, 226 Twenty-fifth Annual Report, 228 Anniversary of Union League, 232 U. S. Colored Regiment, 100 Twenty-sixth Annual Report, 231 Twenty-seventh Annual Report, 232 Twenty-eighth Annual Report, 234 Twenty-ninth Annual Report, 238 Tyndale, Hector, 408 ULNEY vs. The State; 11 Hum- phreys, Tenn. Rep. 172, 141 "Uncle Sam's Debts"; Union League pamphlet No. 87, 157 ' ' Unconditional Loyalty ' ' ; Union League pamphlet No. 55, 156 Union Army, reabsorption into private life, 176 Union Club, 22, 34, 35, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 45. 46. 47. 5°. 52, S3. 54, 55. 56, 128, 208 first suggested by Judge Hare, 35, 38 first meeting, 40 formation of, described by Mr. Young, 45-5° account of its organization by Mr. Boker, 36 influence of; annual dinners, 44, 45 the germ of the Union League, 42, 47 sumptuary laws, 46, 47 articles of association, 52 list of members, 54 meetings discontinued, 53 style of invitation card, 56 dates of birth of surviving founders, 55 threat to sack houses of members, 56 Union Club, sketches and personal im- pressions of its founders, 370 Union League, origin of the, 17, 23, 31 desperate condition of the Union cause at the time of its organiza- tion, 389 title, suggested by Mr. Charles Gibbons, 42 first general meeting, 60 the articles of association, 58 Charter and By-Laws, 440-458 circular announcing organization, 60 original Standing Committee, 60 first hundred names on original membership list, 60 the original test of admission, 49 first officers and directors, 62 first reception, 63 committee visits New York in the interest of the foundation of similar League there, 66 watch-words, 68 offers bounty, 87 and the War Department, 89, 90, 91 growth of, 68, 163 political work, 102 literary work, 102 philanthropic work, 102, 109, no, 112 Soldiers' Claim and Pension Agency, 114 social side, 115, 303 tolerant spirit, 116 first political venture, 117 Gazette, The, 118 condition in 1865, 127 buildings decupled by, 127 properties acquired by, 270 Twenty-fifth Anniversary, 127, 232, 316, 334 eulogy of, by Simon Cameron, 188 attitude toward politics, 199 Banner, carried Sept. 25, 1880, for first time since the War, 211 character and duties of, 253 how far represented in national. State, and municipal govern- ment, 398 motto, 266 history of, 269 founders of, 370 a national temple, 299 568 Index Union League, resolutions on second Union League House, mortgages on, 195, nomination of Lincoln, 117 234. ^o.^ Mortgages. resolutions approving President ,_ Union Party, 167, 168, 171, 172, 173 Hayes's veto, 209, 210 resolutions on President Garfield's death, 213, 214 resolutions on conclusion of war with Spain, 256 utterance on foreign conquest, 257 congratulations to President Mc- Kinley, 274 review of political situation in Annual Report, 276-280 publications since 1868, 334-335 receives thanks of the National Republican Committee, 250 income, 340 finances, 337 membership, 337-344 lists of officers and members, etc., 461 honors conferred by, 540 regiments, 87, 88 memorial to, 333 brigade, 414 other patriotic agencies springing from, 70, 71, 76 of Boston, 71 Club of New York, 64, 67, 70, 100 of New York, organization of, 388 national, 73 See also Art Association,''lBanquets, Charter and By-Laws, Dues, Fi- nances, Improvements, Library, Meetings, Membership, Publica- tions, Receptions. Union League House, attempt to bum, 169 threatened by mob, 169 nearly destroyed by fire, 251, 306 annex proposed, 215 Benson annex, 237, 310, 339 improvements, repairs, and addi- tions, 174, igo, 203, 215, 228, 243, 246, 247, 249, 251, 304, 3°9. 310 decoration of, 239 art treasures, 329-334 condition in 1883, 221 draped in mourning, 200, 214, 225, 227 electric lighting, 234 the plant, 314 United States Cabinet, unique episode in its history, 289, 421 United States Gazette, 401 "United States, The: an outline of Political History"; quoted, 97 United States, destiny of, 258, 259 United States Sanitary Commission, 64, 65. 114 University of Pennsylvania, 346, 351, 365. 366 Usher, John P., silver medal conferred, 540 "Usurpation, The"; Union League pamphlet No. 123, 158 Clement Habeas L., 75 Corpus "V/ALLANDIGHAM, » ' ' Vallandigham Case"; Union League pamphlet No. 33, 155 Verree, John P., 106, 237, 332, 352, 404, 461, 462 portrait of, 237 sketch of, 352 Veteran Corps, First Regiment Infan- try, 358 Veterans' Committee in Campaign of 1896, 250 Vicksburg, siege and capture of, 74, 78 "Voice of the Clergy, The"; protest against Bishop Hopkins's Letter, Union League poster No. g, 143, 159 WAGNER, Louis, 94, 96, 98 description of the recruiting of colored troops, 305 "Wallace, EUerslie, 87 Wanamaker, John, 400 reception to, 233 War of the Rebellion, end of, 121, 126, 163 a Confederate General on the, 146 legacies of the, 164 "War Democrats"; Union League poster No. 27, 160 "War for the Union, The"; Union League pamphlet No. 82, 157 "War Powers of the President"; Union League pamphlet No. 16, 154 569 Index Warburg, Count, silver medal conferred, 54= Warburton, Charles E., 414 Ward, Samuel G., 71 Warren, E. Burgess, 328 Warwick, Charles F., 408 reception to, 248 Washington, Booker T., address by, 318, 335 Washington, George, 81, 82, 120, 134, 154, 179. 254, 311. 312. 330. 331, 332 Sully's equestrian portrait of, 81, 82 comparison of Lincoln with, 120 on the duty of governing, 134 bust by Houdon, 311 sofa used by, 312 Washington's birthday, 254 "Washington and Jackson on Negro Soldiers ' ' ; Union League pamphlet No. 3, 154 Washington, Martha, 332 Washington Union League, 71 "Waterloo"; painting, 332 Watson, James V., 411, 462 Watson, George, 256 Watts, Henry M., 401 Weaver, George J., 361 Webster, Daniel, 330, 332 Webster, Thomas, 94, 105, 417 Welles, Gideon, 332 silver medal conferred, 540 Wellington's Peninsular Campaign com- pared with our War, 152 Wells, Francis, 414 Welsh, John, 115, 352, 400 honorary membership conferred, 467, 543 death of, 227 Welsh, William, 66, no, 112, 417 West, Harry P., 462, 463 Wetherill, John Price, 417 Wharton, George M., 31 "What became of the Slaves on a Georgia Plantation"; sequel to Mrs. Kemble's Journal; Union League pamphlet No. 57, 156 Wheeler, Andrew, 87, 105 Wheeler, Charles, 112 Whipple, Edwin P., 71 Whipple, WilHam D., 80, 87 silver medal conferred, 541 Whitaker, O. W., 283 White, Samuel S., 106 Whiting, William, 154, 156 Whitney, George, 62, 87, 440 Widener, P. A. B., 328 Wiedersheim, Theodore E., 254, 411, 462 Wilderness, Battle of, 88 Wilks, Washington, silver medal con- ferred, 542 "Will of the People, The"; Union League pamphlet No. 73, 156 Williams, A. L., 251 "Williams, Henry D., Judicial Record of"; Union League pamphlet No. 125, 158 Williams, Henry J., 407 Williams, Henry W., 158, 171 "Williams, Thomas, speech on Recon- struction"; Union League pamphlet No. 107, 158 Willson, Robert N., 406 Wilson, Henry, 200, 313 death, and action of the League, 200 Wilson, James, 283 Wilson, Joseph B., 325 Wilson, Matthew, 237 Wilson, Postmaster-General, reception to, 248 Wilson Tariff Bill, protest of the Union League, 316, 335 Windows, memorial, 248, 359 "Wine Taster, The"; painting, 359 Winslow, John A., silver medal con- ferred, 467, 542 Wistar, Caspar, 51, 56 Wistar Club, or Party, 38, 51, 56, 128 Wister, Francis, 88 Wolcott, Edward O., 283, 294, 299 Woodward, George W., 29, 79, 140, 155, 156 Woodward, Justice, views on slavery, 29, 140, 142, 143 "Woodward, Judge, On the War"; Union League poster No. 13, 159 "Woodward on Foreigners"; Union League pamphlet No. 47, 155 "Woodward in i860 and 1863 ; Union League pamphlet No. 51, 156 Worden, John L., silver medal con- ferred, 80, 541 " Workingman's Reason for Re-election of Abraham Lincoln ' ' ; Union League pamphlet No. 86, 157 S70 Index YARNALL, Ellis, 66, 105, iii, 283, Young, John Russell, describes forma- 371 tion of Union Club, 45 his narration, 388 portrait of, 248, 267 sketch of, 387 death of, 267 timely services in affecting English sketch of, 363 feeling, 388 Yamall, Thomas C, 144 Yerkes, William H., 406 Yotmg, James Rankin, 404 7ELL, T. Elwood, 87 Young, John Russell, 36, 45, s°. 332. ^ "Zither Player, The"; painting, 401, 413, 461 332 571 ijr- a !'*"" " '!j» g;,?:^ *<(^ M ^^-