BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME 
 FROM THE 
 
 SAGE ENDOWNENT FUND 
 
 THE GIFT OP 
 
 1S91 
 
 .A'/^kAJ^.,i ■Jl^l^l^c.o. 
 
Corneir University Library 
 
 E641 .B47 
 
 "Yank" and "Reb" 
 
 ,. 3 1924 030 917 169 
 olin 
 
Cornell University 
 Library 
 
 The original of tliis book is in 
 tlie Cornell University Library. 
 
 There are no known copyright restrictions in 
 the United States on the use of the text. 
 
 http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924030917169 
 
"YAM" AND "HEB." 
 
 A HISTORY OF A FRATERNAL VISIT PAID BY 
 
 LINCOLN POST, No. 11, Q. A. R., OF 
 
 NEWARK, N. J. 
 
 ROBT. E. LEE CAMP, No. 1, CONFEDERATE VETERANS 
 AND PHIL. KEARNEY POST, No. 10, G. A. R., 
 OF RICHMOND, VA., 
 
 OCTOBER 15th, TO OCTOBER 18th, Iiclusiye. 
 
 • BY - 
 
 HISTORIAN OP THE EXPEDITION. 
 
 1884! 
 
 M. H. NECHUT, PBINTEE, 301 AND 303 PLANE ST., 
 NEWABK, N. J. 
 
TO 
 OTIK OI,n COMRADES 
 
 WHO CARRIED THE SWORD AND THE MUSKET 
 
 IN BOTH AKMIES, 
 
 DuRiNfi The American Civii. War, 
 
 THIS BOOK 
 
 IS AFFECTIONATELY DEDICATED. 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 PEEFACE 9 
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 
 steuck by au idea. a plan to pkomote habmont. lincoln 
 post's cordial indorsement, the idea culminates in an 
 expedition 12 
 
 CHAPTEE II. 
 
 THE BRIGADE. WHO COMPOSED IT. A QUESTION OF FINANCE. THE 
 
 BLUE AND THE GREY . 
 
 21 
 
 CHAPTER III. 
 
 THE START. AN ENTHUSIASTIC SEND OFF. INCIDENTS BY THE WAY. 
 
 TAKING THE PERSIMMON 38 
 
 CHAPTER IV. 
 
 FREDERICKSBURG. SOME REMINISCENCES. A WEALTHY " CHILE." 
 
 ARRIVAL IN RICHMOND 47 
 
 CHAPTER V. 
 
 HOSPITABLE VIRGINIANS. " JOHNNY " AND ' ' YANK " FBATERNIZIKG. 
 
 PLEASING EXCHANGE OF COURTESIES. RETURN OF SPOILS OF WAR . . 61 
 
CHAPTER VI. 
 
 DOING THE CITY. LIBBY PRISON. HOLLYWOOD CEMETERY. p^^^, 
 
 WABM GREETINGS EVEJRYWHEKE 73 
 
 CHAPTER VII. 
 
 NATIONAL CEMETERIES . THOUSANDS OF HEROIC DEAD. BATTLE 
 
 GROUND OF SEVEN PINES. EELIC HUNTING 88 
 
 CHAPTER Vin. 
 
 PETERSBURG AND ITS RENOWNED BATTLE-FIELDS. AN HISTORIC 
 CHURCH. THE CRATER. AN INDIGNANT GUIDE. FORTS HELL 
 AND DAMNATION . . 100 
 
 CHAPTER IX. 
 
 GOOD BYE ! THE " BRIGADE'S " DEPARTURE. A PORCINE ACQUISI- 
 TION. WASHINGTON. HOME AGAIN. SOCIETY OF RICHMOND. . 113 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 When writing this little book, it was not the intention, nor 
 the expectation of the Historian that it should extend beyond 
 the limits with which he was circumscribed. None of the great 
 questions which led to the American civU war, none of the 
 political issues which marked its continuance, and none of the 
 politico-social results which have flowed from it since its close, 
 have been touched upon. It has been, throughout, the earnest 
 desire of the author to tell a siiaple story of a pleasure .trip, in 
 which he with others was engaged, and which he and his com' 
 rades thoroughly enjoyed, leaving to others the task of discuss- 
 ing the philosophy of War and Politics. Every page of this 
 little work was constructed with the most cordial sentiment of 
 regard for the men of the late Confederate army as well as for 
 our beloved Comrades-in-arms. At no time was the authoi 
 moved by any sentiment but that of admiration for the heroism 
 displayed on every battle field of Virginia by our late opponents. 
 As, hand in hand, the Blue and Grey traversed the fields where 
 once they met in desperate and deadly strife and. "fought their 
 battles o'er again " it was evident, that each desei-ved from the' 
 other the respect which is always due to valor. Add to this the^ 
 fact that all are citizens qf one common country, that aU are 
 Americans, the conclusion is unavoidable, that each must rejoice 
 in the glory of the other. The scene depicted in Chapter 
 
10 
 
 second, of Blue and Grey mingling their tears over the graves 
 of the fallen of each, attests in an unmistakable manner the 
 fraternity which exists betv^een the two. It would be unwise, 
 as well as personally obnoxius to the writer, to do or say aught 
 to disturb the serenity which now marks the intercourse of the 
 " Boys " of both armies. He desires, therefore, that every line 
 of this history shall be read with this idea in view. Of social 
 matters and systems in Richmond or anywhere else, the writer 
 has nothing to do in this work. He did not go to Richmond to 
 examine the social methods pursued by its inhabitants, but he 
 went in response to an iiivitation from Comrades to go,- and with 
 his treatment by those Comrades, and by all with whom he came 
 in contact, he is perfectly satisfied, and ventures to say that the 
 same would be the unanimous expression of the " Brigade ", if 
 a vote should be taken. 
 
 In order to have a short' and comprehensive term to use 
 when speaking of the body of visitors, the Historian has 
 throughout, made use of the word " Brigade.'' As is well known, 
 the visiting party was composed of four distinct organizations, 
 so to speak, and, to avoid wearisome designations, the happy 
 term " Brigade " was chosen. The writer is well satisfied with 
 it. Whatever may be urged against its use in these pages, it 
 cannot be said, that it does not answer its purpose admirably. 
 
 Of course the writer, found it difficult to select a title for 
 the book. The brain teemed with titles, but there were 
 objections to be made to all of them. One was tod long, an- 
 other not long enough, still another was not sufiiciently expres- 
 sive, while a fourth was generally objectionable, and so on. In 
 choosing the title " Yank " and " Reb ", due forethought was 
 taken of the feelings of onr ex-Confederate friends. Some timid 
 
il 
 
 ones feared that those feelings would be injured by this title, 
 but the writer is fully persuaded, that men who fought as they 
 fought, on a cracker with a little grease, as their per diem 
 rations, are not so easily hurt. The writer has therefore no 
 apology to offer, convinced that none is needed. The title tells 
 the story of the book in three short words. Therefore let it 
 stand. 
 
 The writer is frank to say that in the work, he has freely used 
 whatever material came to hand, and has no apology to offer on 
 this score. 
 
 And now, in closing, let us beg for our little work, a place 
 among the souvenirs of every household into which it shaU 
 come. We give it into the hands of our friends, confident that 
 Errors will be excused and mistakes be overlooked. That it may 
 give each reader the same amount of pleasure while reading it, . 
 that it gave him while writing it, is the earnest wish of 
 
 The Author. 
 
 Note. Since writing tlie above the following was received from 
 Comrade Arthur A.. Spitzer, Adjutant of E. E. Lee Camp, concerning 
 the title of the book : " At a camp fire held Dec. 5th 1883. the question 
 of the title of your book was discussed. All the " Rebs " voted "Yank 
 and Keb " as just the name for the book. We have had too many- 
 evidences of good feeling from the northern soldiers and especially 
 your Post, to apprehend any intention of doing and saying anything that 
 would interrupt the kindly feelings existing one toward the other." 
 
CHAPTER I. 
 
 STRUCK BY AN IDEA. A PLAN TO PEOMOTB HAEMONY. LINCOLN POSt's 
 
 CORDUL INDORSEMENT. THE IDEA CULMINATES IN AN 
 
 EXPEDITION. 
 
 And ttiis I take It. 
 Is the main motive of our preparations. 
 
 Hamlet. 
 
 Early in June, 1883, the idea struck Comrade Thos. W. 
 Seaman of Lincoln Post No. 11, G. A. E , of Newark, that the men 
 who fotlght each other during four years of desperate struggle, 
 that struggle being past and its causes forever removed, should 
 become personally acquainted. It appeared to him that as 
 the " cruel war was over" the gulf between the North and 
 South should be bridged, and if possible the chasm be closed up 
 forever. Eighteen years had past since the end of the war, yet, 
 little had been done of a personal, practical character to heal 
 up old sores and make the body politic whole and healthy 
 again. Politicians had done something in this direction, but 
 unfortunately, their efforts had been tinctured, and even tainted, 
 by a desire for personal or party aggrandizement. After eigh- 
 teen years of political effort, the result was a " soUd South " in 
 opposition to almost a solid North. A race so great as the 
 American people, and a nation so splendid as " our dear 
 country ' needed other than political ties to bind it together. 
 The wounds of bloody war must be bandaged by loving hands, 
 and the asperities of four years of strife, must be softened and 
 soothed by loving words proceeding from the fullness of loving 
 hearts. Political affiliations, or even business interests, were not 
 
13 
 
 the sort of ministry to awaken the sleeping pulse of the sections 
 and cause it to beat in unison with the impulses of national 
 brotherhood. 
 
 Both sides in that tremendous struggle had done deeds, 
 which cover the American citizen soldiery with imperishable re- 
 nown, and crown American courage with an immortal chaplet. 
 Each side had every reason to be proud of the other, on a hundred 
 fields, where the harsh arbitrament of the sword was appealed 
 to. The Nations of the world yielded the meed of gallantry to 
 the armies of the Union and the Confederacy. Leaving out of 
 the question the justice of either's quarrel, the common soldiers 
 of those armies achieved fame and reaped glory, before which 
 those of even fabled knight-errantry must give place. What could 
 be added to the magnificent history to augment its splendor ? 
 Was there anything left undone which it was possible and right 
 to do? 
 
 These were the questions which rung in the ears of Comrade 
 Seaman, and which he endeavored conscientiously to solve. It 
 was a problem which, once grappled with, must be solved, and 
 Comrade Seaman reached a solution of it. The race had never 
 witnessed the wondrous spectacle of men, who, after engaging 
 in deadly strife, employed themselves in the " sweet ministry of 
 love"; who, after grappling in the "imminent deadly breach" 
 filled up that breach with offerings of fraternal affection. Here 
 was the opportunity of the hour. The world was to be amazed 
 at so great a proof of the fact that North and South, " Yank " 
 and " Eeb " were and are brothers. This was the solution of 
 Comrade Seaman's idea. How was the idea to " shoot ? " What 
 method was to be taken, what plan devised, to carry it into ac- 
 tion such as should, in some measure at least, effect the desired 
 result ? 
 
 Comrade Seaman carried his idea to the Post. On the 11th 
 of June we find him in the encampment of the Post, airing his 
 " idea." Always ready to further every worthy object, the Post 
 listened, then took fire, and the movement was begun which led 
 
14 
 
 to events and results which it is the duty of this history to 
 chronicle, and which, in the behef of all interested, did more in 
 the interest of National harmony than either of many events, or 
 all of them together, of far greater magnitude and pretension. 
 Following the records of the Post, w.e find Comrade Flavel W. 
 Sullivan eloquently supporting Comrade Seaman, and at that 
 same meeting of June 11th moving for the appointment of a 
 committee to arrange for a visit of the Post to Richmond, Va. 
 The motion was carried with a rush, and Comrades Flavel W. 
 Sullivan, Thomas W. Seaman, George W. Drake, John Connolly 
 and George F. Simpson were appointed by the Post Command- 
 er. It was an excellent selection. Subsequent events proved the 
 wisdom of the Commander in making these appointments. 
 There were elements of power, patience, labor and determina- 
 tion to succeed, in that committee, which compelled success. 
 
 On June 25th, the Committee reported to the Post, that it had 
 met and organized with Comrades Sullivan as Chairman, Seaman 
 as Secretary, and Drake as Treasurer. 
 
 When the idea was first broached, the magnitude of the af- 
 fair led the corftrades to suggest September, 1884:, as the time 
 for making the proposed trip, in order to have a year for pre- 
 paration ; but when the committee met, they boldly attacked, 
 and fixed the time for October 15, 1883. This resolution al- 
 lowed less than three months in which to perfect a myriad of 
 details, raise a large sum of money, etc. It was with some trep- 
 idation that the Committee, through its Chairman reported this 
 action to the Post. There was no need of fear. The Post rose 
 to the emergency, heartily endorsed the Committee's action, and 
 the affair took specific form. 
 
 On June 25th, the Post adopted a resolution, instructing the 
 Committee to use the name and influence of tlie Post in further- 
 ing the project, and authorizing it to increase its numbers. In 
 accordance with this authority Comrades "William H. Brown, 
 Otto Molter, J. Brown MacPherson and Edwin B. Smith were 
 added to the Committee. They proved to be worthy and did 
 yeoman's service. 
 
15 
 
 At one of its earlier meetings the Committee canvassed the 
 expense account, and the computations made, showed that the 
 cost of the trip, per man, for transportation and maintenance, 
 would be twentjf dollars or thereabouts. As it was desirable 
 that the Post should turn out strong in numbers, it was decided 
 to hold a festival, the proceeds from which should be divided 
 among the comrades who should participate in the expedition. 
 It was calculated that by this device the expense per man would 
 be reduced to less than fifteen dollars. If this could be done, 
 the advantage gained was appreciable at a glance. Inasmuch 
 as the boys were not millionaires, the reduced expense would 
 place the trip within the reach of many who otherwise might 
 not see their way clear to take it. The results proved the wis- 
 dom of the Committee, as wUl be seen later. 
 
 On July 9th, the Committee reported to the Post that a fest- 
 ival had been arranged for August 22nd, to take place in Cale- 
 donian Park, in Newark. 
 
 This festival was dignified by the imposing title of "Fete 
 ChampetreJ' The name caused many a jaw to ache from at- 
 tempts to pronounce it, but it was nevertheless a splendid suc- 
 cess in every respect. It was attended by an immense crowd. 
 The good people of Newark, as well as the Comrades of Posts 
 in this city and cities round about, appreciated the efforts and 
 the object of Lincoln Post, and contributed liberally to the suc- 
 cess of the affair. 
 
 Features of the Fete were : an exhibition driU, by Company 
 "C," Phil Kearney Guard of the Third Regiment, N. G. N. J., 
 and bayonet exercise and drill by the famous Duryea's Zouaves, 
 of New York. During the evening the Park was brilliantly illu- 
 minated. The results were very satisfactory. The Fete prod- 
 uced over $600 for the " Richmond Fund," whereat the boys re- 
 joiced. This fund did good service in lessening the per capita 
 expense of the expedition and in increasing the number of the 
 expeditionists. 
 
 In the meantime, events had been moving on in Richmond. 
 The Committee early opened correspondence with friends in 
 
16 
 
 that capital, and among the files of letters in the hands of 
 Secretary Seaman we find the following: 
 
 j Headquarters Phil Kearny Post, No. 10. 
 j Grand Army of the Republic. 
 
 Richmond, Va., July 13, 1883. 
 T. W. Seaman, Esq., 
 
 Newark, N. J. 
 Deab Sik and Oomkade : — In reply to yours of the 6th instant, 
 stating that Lincoln Post, of your city, proposes to make a fraternal 
 visit to Richmond this fall, it gives me pleasure to state that arrange- 
 ments are taking shape to receive Lincoln Post in a manner that will 
 he highly satisfactory to all concerned. The Ex-Confederates and 
 Military are co-operating with this Post In the matter. Please invite 
 Rush Burgess and his son Dean to accompany you. I enclose here- 
 with invitation of this Post to the Commander of Lincoln Post which 
 please hand to him. Very Respectfully, 
 
 Yours in F. C. & L. 
 
 B. C. Cook. 
 
 ( Headquarters Phil Kearny Post, No. 10. 
 -j Grand Army of the Republic. 
 
 ( Department of Virginia. 
 
 Richmond, Va., July 13, 1883. 
 To the Commander of Lincoln Post, No. 11. 
 Department of New Jersey, 
 Newark, N. J. 
 Dear Sib and Comeade : — I am informed that your Post proposes 
 a fraternal visit to this city some time during the autumn. I hope you 
 will come, and in this behalf, as Commander of Phil Kearny Post of 
 this city, I respectfully tender you an invitation and urge its ac- 
 ceptance. 
 
 Between the members of this Post and the Ex-Confederates, 
 (from whom you will also receive an invitation) a cordial greeting 
 awaits you. 
 
 Please Inform me at about what time you propose to come. 
 Very Respectfully, 
 
 Yours in F. C. & L., 
 
 B. C. Cook, 
 
 Commander. 
 
 Richmond, Va., August 8, 1883. 
 T. W. Seaman, Esq., 
 
 Secretary, etc. 
 
 My Deae Sik :— Your letter of July .5th *,* I laid before R. E. Lee 
 
Camp No. 1, Confederate Veterans, whereupon a resolution was unan- 
 imously passed, Instructing me on behalf of the Camp to extend to Lin- 
 coln Post No. 11, Grand Army of the Bepubllo, a cordial and fraternal 
 invitation to visit our Camp in this city, in October next, when it will 
 afford the Camp great pleasure to do what can be done to make such 
 visit pleasant. 
 
 Yours Sincerely, 
 
 Chakles U. Williams, 
 Jno. J. H. Beower, Commd'r B. E. Lee Camp, 
 
 Adjutant. • No. 1, Confederate Veterans. 
 
 j Headquarters George A. Custer Post, No. 11, 
 "I Grand Army of the Eepublio. * 
 
 Eiohmond.Va., July 13, 1883. 
 Commander of Lincoln Post, No. 11, 
 
 Dep't of New Jersey, G. A. E. 
 
 Deak Sik and Gomkade : — Your communication inviting this Post 
 to attend your encampment on August 22, has been received and read 
 to the Post amid great enthusiasm. We regret very much that we can- 
 not attend, as we are a very young Post, only four months old. Many 
 thanks for your cordial invitation. Don't forget that the Boys of 
 '63-65, although they are in the Capital of the late Confederacy, areH;he 
 same to-day as then. 
 
 Yours Very BespectfuUy, 
 
 In F. C. & L., 
 
 C. F. Mitchell, 
 
 Commander. 
 The above letter was a response to a cordial invitation ex- 
 tended to Custer Post to attend the " Fete Ghampetre " in New- 
 ark. While the Richmond Post could not attend, the Comrades 
 rightly regarded the invitation as an expression of remembrance 
 and fraternity. 
 
 Ford's Hotel, 
 Opposite Capitol Park. 
 Eichmond, Va., August 1, 1883. 
 Mh. T. W. Seaman, 
 
 Newark, N. J. 
 Deab Sik : — Your favor of July 31st to hand. In reply will say we 
 will accommodate your party at the rate of $2 per day, each person, 
 giving our best accommodations, and see that nothing is left undone 
 to make their stay pleasant while with us. Will room your party in 
 such a manner as not to crowd them at all. 
 
18 
 
 If at any time we can give you any information, or be of any 
 Service in mailing any arrangements, do not hesitate to call on us, as 
 we will cheerfully do whatever may be desired. 
 
 Trusting your visit to our city may be much enjoyed by your 
 party, and that we may have the pleasure of entertaining them, I am 
 
 Very Respectfully Yours, 
 
 A. J. FoHD, Jk. 
 
 The Committee, of course, had very much more correspond- 
 ence with our friends in Richmond, but as it related entirely to 
 arrangements and details concerning the reception of the " Bri- 
 gade," it is not deemed necessary to pubUsh it here. 
 
 Comrade Simpson, on behalf of the Committee, wrote to 
 Quartermaster General Lewis Perrine, of New Jersey, asking for 
 permission to use one or more of the battle flags captured dur- 
 ing the war, but a reply from General Perrine informed him 
 that no disposition whatever could be made of the flags, without 
 legislative action. 
 
 The Committee decided to invite a number of citizens of 
 Newark and vicinity to accompany the Post. That the invita- 
 tions extended in pursuance of this decision met with a ready 
 and generous response, the list of citizens to be found in a sub- 
 sequent chapter will testify. 
 
 Letters of regret were received from John A. Miller, Jr., of 
 Newark; G. C. Ludlow, Governor of New Jersey; J. P. Dusen- 
 berry, of Newark; John L. Blake, of Orange; Judge Joel Parker, 
 Ex-Governor of New Jersey; Ex-Mayor Thos. B. Peddie, of 
 Newark; Rev. H. H. Barbour, D. D., John D. Harrison, Orson 
 Wilson, A. C. Munn and Rev. Dr. Frazer, all of Newark. 
 
 Referring again to the records of the Post, we find that, on 
 Sept. 3, a resolution was adopted, directing the Committee to 
 purchase two autograph albums; one to be presented to Phil 
 Kearney Post, and the other to R. E. Lee Camp. In accordance 
 with this resolution, the albums were purchased. They were 
 very handsome and were placed in a convenient location, where 
 all the members of the " Brigade " inscribed their names etc. in 
 them. What became of them will be seen hereaftei-. 
 
19 
 
 At the same meeting, provision was made for drilling the 
 Post, and the boys yielded gracefully to the inevitable, and 
 drilled. It vcas irksome business for many of the older ones, 
 but they did it for the sake of the credit of the Post. 
 
 On September 10th, the Post instructed the Committee to 
 procure badges, a duty vphicli was fulfilled with great taste. The 
 badges worn on the expedition were very elegant. Just here 
 let it be said that but few of them were brought back. Tell it 
 not in Gath ! but some of them are retained as choice souvenirs 
 in the boudoirs of beauty, * 
 
 On Sept. 24th, the minutes of the Post record the receipt of a 
 letter of good wishes and a check for $25 from Wm. A. L. Bas- 
 aett. Superintendent of the Metropolitan Life Insurance Co., 
 which were received vdth thanks. 
 
 On Oct. 1st, the Committee announced the arrangements for 
 the expedition about completed, and asked that the " Brigade " 
 muster in the Academy of Music on Washington street, at 7 
 o'clock, on Monday evening, Oct. 15. 
 
 At the same meeting, Messrs. Roberts & Co. sent good wishes 
 and a check for $25, which were gratefully received. 
 
 On Oct. 8th, the Committee announced that all arrangements 
 were completed, and that the " Brigade " would leave the Mar- 
 ket street depot of the Pennsylvania R. R., at 9.20 o'clock, p. m., 
 Oct. 15. 
 
 At the same m^eeting, good wishes and a check for $25 
 were received fromHon. Leon Abbett, afterward Governor. These 
 were accepted with thanks. 
 
 Comrade Bowers entrusted the Post with a pair of saddlebags, 
 which will be heard of hereafter. 
 
 At this meeting, the Post passed the most stringent resolu- 
 tions for the prevention of intoxication while on the expedition. 
 While there was no fear entertained that any Comrade would so 
 far forget himself as to indulge in any unseemly or unsoldierly 
 conduct, the Post felt desirous of placing the matter in the most 
 positive light. To the credit of the " Brigade " be it said, there 
 
20 
 
 was no need of any action in tiiese premises, either during the 
 expedition or afterward. 
 
 Comrade C. H. Benson was appointed Historian of the " Bri- 
 gade " and the expedition. 
 
 On Oct. 15th, the date of departure, the Post held a brief 
 meeting and placed $200 from the 'Post fund in the hands of 
 the Committee, as a reserve fund to meet contingencies. 
 This closed the preliminary business of the expedition. 
 
CHAPTER II. 
 
 THE " BBIGADE." WHO COMPOSED IT. A QUESTION OF EINANOE. CUB 
 FRIENDS IN RICHMOND. THE BLUE AND THE GREY. 
 
 We tew, we happy few, we bana of brothers. 
 
 Henry r. 
 
 I know thy errand, t will go with thee. 
 
 Ibia. 
 
 While all the business related in the first chapter was being 
 transacted, there was a world of detail labor perforraed by the 
 committee and others. This is especially true of Post Quarter- 
 master George W. I)ralse, who acted as treasurer of the coiamit- 
 tee. His work was tedious and vexatious.. It is not possible to 
 coUect and disburse more than $4,000, in the manner necessary 
 in this case without much minutiae, and the well known abiUty 
 of the genial George, together with his patience was taxed to 
 the utmost. It is to him that we are indebted for most if not 
 all the data contained in this chapter. 
 
 The '■' Brigade " numbered one-hundred and eighty-nine 
 souls, all told. The number was not large, but it was large 
 enough to " take Richmond," certainly large enough to handle 
 nicely. The committee stated in their closing- report, " this 
 number of people, were transported to and from Richmond 
 without an accident/' a consummation which gave great satis^ 
 faction. It is. deemed necessary by the Historian, to record, in 
 the early part of the history, the names of the members of the 
 " Brigade," and such other matters as shaU be interesting to the 
 members thereof. In the arrangement of these details the 
 names of 'dl the members of the Post, its Roster, the names of 
 the Comrades and Citizens who accompanied us, and the names 
 
22 
 
 of the members of the Band >and Lincoki Post Drum and Fife 
 Corps, will be given. As this book is intended to be a souvenir 
 of the expedition, the Historian desires it to be as complete as 
 possible. To work then. 
 
 Following are the names of the members of the "Brigade ". 
 
 LINCOLN POST. 
 
 OFFIOERS. 
 
 Frank P. Mulcahey, Post Commander. 
 
 Edwra F. Brainard, Senior Vice- Commander. 
 
 Stephen Van Cortlandt Van Eensselaer, Junior Vice-Com- 
 
 Tnander. 
 Hugh P. Roden, Surgeon. 
 Thomas Pearson, Adjutant. 
 George W. Drake, Quarterma^er. 
 George F. Simpson, Officer of the Day. 
 Joseph L. Miller, Sergeant-Major. 
 Jesse N. Carpenter, Quartermaster's Sergeant. 
 
 " BRIGADE " COMMITTEE. 
 
 Flavel W. SuUivan, Chairman. 
 
 Thomas W. Seaman, Secretary. 
 
 George W. Drake, Treasurer. 
 George F. Simpson. Otto Molter. 
 
 John Connolly. J. Brown MacPherson. . 
 
 William H. Brown. Edwin B. Smith. 
 
 POST MEMBERS. 
 
 WUliam Applegate. Bernard Daley. 
 
 WUliam Bacoru. Augustus Dusenberry. 
 
 Otto Brandt. John Evans. 
 
 Wm. Baldwin. Charles F. Fredericks. 
 
 Milton Baldwin, M. D. George W. Gilbei-t. 
 
 August Bock. Oscar F. Gifford. 
 
 Joseph C. Bowers. Charles E. Hochkina 
 
 Wm T. Bruen. George Harbidge. 
 
 Henry Blaurock. Henry L. Halleck. 
 
.23 
 
 C. H. Benson [Historian]. 
 Wm. H. Cleveland. 
 Frank J. Cronin. 
 Thomas Corr. 
 Richard V. Cueman. 
 Edward L. Conklin. 
 Chas. B. Champlin. 
 Osceola Currier. 
 John B. Day, 
 M. N. Dunham. 
 Andrew Kerr. 
 John Leonard No. 1. 
 John Leonard No. 2. 
 George W. Lawrence. 
 August Lindner. 
 Frederick H. Lyon. 
 Cyrus C. Murray. 
 A. R. Marsh. 
 Daniel McGinnis. 
 Andrew J. Mattison. 
 George W. Moore. 
 John McKee. 
 Ira Meeker. 
 George Muerrla. 
 Patrick McManus. 
 Theodore J. Nunguesser. 
 "Wm. G. Pancoast. 
 Isaac Pierson. 
 
 John 
 
 John Hunklee. 
 Daniel Hedden. 
 Charles Huebner. 
 August Jackes. 
 Edmund L. Joy. 
 J. Weslev Jackson. 
 Joshua Kelsall. 
 Bernard J. Kellner, 
 Thomas W. Kinsey. 
 Ira C. Kilburn. 
 B. H. Ricker. 
 Charles Rath. 
 Horatio E. Smith. 
 Charles L. Smith. 
 EHjah L. Smith. 
 James C. Taylor. 
 F. S. Taylor. 
 Amos H. Van Horn. 
 W. S. Winterbottom. 
 Peter F. Walker. 
 Peter G. Westervelt. 
 Joseph C. Wambold. 
 Lewis J. "Wendell. 
 John A. "Westervelt. 
 Louis "Widman. 
 Edward J. "White. 
 John R. WiUiams. 
 Edward T. Wittingham, M.D. 
 L. Patmor. 
 
 GRAUD ABMY GUESTS. 
 
 Chas. F. Bowers, Post 1. 
 Thomas Flannary " 
 
 "William Godber, 
 Frederick Gruett, " 
 
 David D. Harrison, " 
 
 C. H. Rossiter, 
 Charles Raymond, 
 Joseph Squires, 
 j John Ramsay, 
 1 Asst. Adft Gen. 
 
 Post 1. 
 
24 
 
 Eobert Kiersted, Fpst 1. 
 Frederick T. Farrie?,.^^' 3. 
 William W. Farrier, ,,," 
 Philip Miildoon, /', 13, 
 
 Andrew J. Marsh, "■ 58, 
 Samuel Pemberton, " 1. 
 
 John R. Van Syckle, Poat 3. 
 
 j^ John Muller, 
 
 Peter Ulrich, 
 I Wm. B. E. Miller, 
 1 Dep. J., V. a 
 
 Smith Edward, 
 
 3,4. 
 
 37- 
 
 4. 
 
 CITIZEN GUESTS. 
 
 Col. Levi R Barnard, 
 Alderman D. H. Bamett. 
 Hon. Ensh Burgess. 
 David Cartright. 
 Mrs. David Cartright.* 
 C. F. Croselmire. 
 Henry M. Doremus. 
 Judge J. Frank Fort. 
 John C Holmes, 
 Wm. H. Hamiiton. 
 M. Hurley. 
 John Kelly. 
 Chas. Meyer. 
 Joseph B. Mayo. 
 P. Mulvaney. 
 S. S. Sar^eant. 
 J. Kennie Smith. 
 Joseph Terrell. 
 Wm. Wooley. 
 
 Newarh. 
 (now a member of Lincoln Post). 
 C. Beusen.. 
 Henry Coleman. 
 Joseph Coult. 
 M. J. Corbit. 
 
 Freeholder John V.Dief enthaler. 
 John Freese. 
 J. J. Hockenjos. 
 Mayor-elect Joseph E. Haines. 
 Satouel Klotz. 
 John C. Keller. 
 Frederick W. McCarl. 
 Chas. H. Munson. 
 Tax-Com. Marcus Richards, 
 Senator Wm. Stainsby. 
 John Toler. 
 George A. Thomas. 
 Wm. Greacen. 
 Benj. Knap J). 
 
 Horace H. Fan-ier. 
 
 J&vey City. 
 
 Thomas G. Green. 
 Daniel H. Johnston. 
 
 New York. 
 
 E. H. Coffin. 
 
 John Kennell, of Passaic. 
 
 Philip Goss. 
 
 J. E. Williams, of Verona. 
 
 ' The only lady in the party. "Wo were glad of her company. 
 
25 
 
 LINCOLN POST DEUM AND FIFE COUPS. 
 
 Drum Major Wm. A. Cueman. Fife Major J. H. Thompson. 
 
 Amos Reeves. 
 F. E. BirreU. 
 Chas. Keil. 
 Albert Reeves. 
 Wm. Streissguth. 
 F. Bruen. 
 
 Serg't. F. W. Lewis. 
 
 " Wm. H. Duryee. 
 Corp'lH. W. BirreU. 
 " Ira Budd. 
 
 Geo. M. Cueman. 
 A. L. Yreeland. 
 F. E. Hedden. 
 Geo. Russell. 
 L. Kent. 
 
 •Fred Habersang. Leader. 
 Otto Burcthaxdt. 
 Salomon Silberman. 
 Frank Jung. 
 Charles Mangold. 
 Charles Bolzan. 
 Charles Weishert. 
 . Frank Grube. 
 
 BAND. 
 
 Theo. Appell. 
 Theodore Ebecke. 
 Julius Schmidt. 
 Max. Melzer. 
 Michael Wieshert. 
 Fred. Broensel. 
 John Wills. 
 Washington Court. 
 
 Comrade Theodore Boyer, of Post 65, accompanied the " Bri- 
 gade " as valet. He made himself very useful. He vras fault- 
 lessly attired, and was a decided feature of the command. 
 
 The total strength of the "Brigade" was 189, as follows: 
 
 Lincoln Post 91 
 
 Grand Army Guests 20 
 
 Citizen Guests 44 
 
 Lincoln Post Drum and Fife Corps 17 
 
 Habersang's Band. 16 
 
 Servants 1 
 
 Total 189 
 
 This was regarded as a very fair sized company to take on a 
 tiip of upwards of 700 miles. As stated elsewhere, this large 
 
26 
 
 company was transported to and from Richmond comfortably, 
 with no extraordinary delay, without accident, and without 
 sickness to anybody. The " Brigade " Committee felt a just^ 
 iflable pride in this, and the entire " Brigade " fully appreciated 
 the efforts of the Committee to secure this end. 
 
 As this history is written largely in the interest of Lincoln 
 Post, in which body not only its members but the good people 
 of Newark take a personal pride, we deeni it weU, in this chap- 
 ter to give the names, etc., of the entire organization. Of 
 course, the ninety-one who have already been -mentioned wiU 
 not reappear, except where it is necessary to make up the 
 roster of the Post. 
 
 The following is the Roster of officers, the committees, and the 
 roU of members on' October 15, 1883, the date of the departure 
 of the " Brigade " for Richmond. 
 
 omcEES. 
 Frank P, Mulcahey, Post Commander. 
 E. P. Brainard, Senior Vice-Gommander. 
 S. V. C. Van Rensselaer, Junior Vice-Gommander. 
 Rev. Thoa Gr. Carver, D. D., Chaplain. 
 Hugh P. Roden, M. D., Surgeon. 
 Thomas Pearson, Adjutant. 
 George W. Drake, Quartermaster. 
 George P. Simpson, Officer of the Day. 
 W. H. Kingsley, Officer of the Guard. 
 Jesse N. Carpenter, Quartermaster's Sergeant. 
 Joseph Ij. MiUer, Sergeant Major. 
 Wm. H. Greene, Outside Sentinel. 
 
 EXECUITTE COMMITTEE. 
 
 Augustus Dusenberry, CVmirman. 
 George F.' Simpson. Joseph L. MiUer. 
 
 Frank J. Cronin. Peter F. Walker. 
 
27 
 
 Otto Molter. 
 August Bock. 
 
 RELIEF COMMITTEE. 
 
 John Connolly, Chairman. 
 
 James C. Taylor. 
 Peter G. Westervelt. 
 
 MEMBERS. 
 
 Brophy, Alfred T. 
 Boehm, Christian. 
 BriU, Jacob C. 
 BaU, John B. 
 Brady, Garret. 
 Berger, Louis. 
 Beyer, Charles F. 
 Baldwin, Wm. H. 
 Bruenfleck, John. 
 Bingham, E. B. 
 Bull, James F. 
 
 Cleveland, Fred J. 
 Carver, Thos. G, D. 
 Cross, PhiHp W. 
 Conly, Wm. 
 Clark, A. Judson. 
 Courtois, Charles J. 
 Cherry, Wm. 
 Carr, James. 
 Chandler, Thomas C. 
 Criqui, Henry. 
 Chandler, N. W. 
 
 Drake, Elias J. 
 Davis, W. A. M. 
 Davis, E. W. 
 Dykes, Wm. 
 Duteher, Wm. H. 
 
 Koenig, E. G, 
 Kinsey, George. 
 
 Lozier, De Forest P. 
 Livenbruck, Frederick. 
 Locknish, John M, 
 Lunger, Jacob S. 
 
 Mason, Lewis W. 
 MuHikin, J. E. 
 Miller, RadcUfE P. 
 McGregor, Amos B. 
 Muenster, Charles F. 
 D. Meldrum, WUham H. 
 
 Miller, Joseph C. ' 
 Morehouse, Benjamin F. 
 Moore, George T. 
 Mockridge, E.'W. 
 Mortland, James H. 
 Mitchell, John D. 
 Mundy, WUUam B. 
 
 O'DonneU, William H. 
 Osborne, E. A. 
 Overpeck, Theodore. 
 
 Patterson, James. 
 Parker, Thomas. 
 
28 
 
 Edsall, F. H. 
 Eggers, George. 
 
 Forshee, Joliii G,- 
 Fisher, Ernsgt-F* 
 Fader, Louis C. 
 Fairservis, Thomas. 
 
 Green, Wm. H. 
 Gray, William. 
 Gray, Samuel. 
 Garrity, Daniel. 
 Gordon, Stephen W. 
 
 Haag, Matthias. 
 Hopwood, Richard. 
 Harris, Lawrence. 
 Harris, Charles H. 
 Hammer, William A. 
 Holmes, Benjamin P. 
 Harris, Henry. 
 Hawkins, David L. 
 Hunt, Sanford B. 
 Herman, August. 
 Holzhaiir, Warner. 
 Hopkins, Joseph D. 
 Hennion, Chester N. 
 
 Kabus, Jacob. 
 Krohl, John. 
 Koelhoffer, August. 
 Kingsley, William H. 
 
 Eothe, Henry E. 
 Rudden, Patrick. 
 Riiker, Aaron B. 
 
 Smith, Lewis H. 
 Sargeant, E. L. 
 Schlund, Fidel, Jr. 
 Serbe, Charles. 
 Smith, James F. 
 Stickney, Charles W. 
 Stearns, Joseph Q. 
 Spain, WiUiam. 
 SchoU, Frederick. 
 Snow, Duane. 
 
 Ten Brook, James C. 
 Templeton, John B. 
 Townley, William M. 
 Trowbridge, George T. 
 Teed, Lewis C. 
 Thompson, James. 
 Taylor, WiUiam. 
 TerwiUiger, David. 
 
 Vroom, Theodore. 
 Vreeland, J. J. 
 
 Ward, William. 
 Weeks, Henry J. 
 Ward, Stephen L. 
 Webb, Martin. 
 Ward, Leslie D. 
 
 One hundred and seven members in good standing, who did 
 not join the " Brigade,'' which, with the ninety-one who did, 
 make the total membership of Lincoln Post, in good standing, 
 on October 15, 1883, one hundred and ninety-eight. The indi- 
 
29 
 
 cations are, at the present writing, that before the G. A. R. year 
 shall have closed, the membership will have increased to consid- 
 erable beyond two hundred. All the members are uniformed 
 in navy cap with gold cord, and the figures 11 on the front, 
 double breasted blue sack coat, cut straight to the neck, with stand- 
 ing collar, and trimmed with double row of gilt Gr. A. E. buttons on 
 the front ; shoulder knots with small G. A. E. button ; cuffs 
 trimmed with gold cord and three small G. A. E. buttons ; blue 
 pants with gold cord. This uniform has been copied, with 
 greater or less modifications, by all the Posts in the Departnffent 
 of New Jersey. "When on parade, the Post has been accused of 
 having members who are too young to have served in the ar- 
 my or navy during the war. This is absurd, because the Eules 
 and Eegulations of the Grand Ai-my of the EepubUc sternly 
 forbid the reception of any person into the Order who did not so 
 serve. This accusation was laid against the Post while it was in 
 Eichmond. Although it is not needed that we do so, we assert 
 and challenge successful contradiction, that every member of 
 Lincoln Post can show one or more honorable discharges from 
 the United States service during the war of the Eebellion. 
 Many of the members bear the scars of a score of battles, and, 
 almost without exception, all have " been tried by fire. The 
 uniform is "natty" and lends to even the grey. haired " boys " 
 an air of youth, decidedly refreshing. 
 
 Lincoln Po'st Drum Corps, when on parade, wear a handsome 
 uniform consisting of white frock coat with gold trimming, 
 white Polo cap, with the figures 11 in gold embroidery on the 
 front, blue pants trimmed with another shade of blue, and white 
 belts. The uniforms are the gift of the Post. The drummers 
 are furnished with " bells " for their drums, and these were a 
 constant source of attraction to the crowds of colored people 
 who attended the Corps wherever it went in Eichmond. 
 
 While at Petersburg, we were accosted by an old, old, colored 
 man. The fame of those " bells '' had spread afar. The old 
 Uncle said : "Dey tell me, honey, dat you'm got a drum corpse. 
 
:30 
 
 wid bells on de side ef der drums, an' dat dey play dem yar 
 bells, likes if dey war a pianner ! " 
 
 THE FINANCES. 
 
 Lincoln Post early realized that they were about to go among 
 strangers, and knowing that the ability to promptly discharge 
 all liabilities, would give them reputation, on the 9th of Octo- 
 ber, a week before the " Brigade " left Newark, Treasurer Drake 
 deposited to its credit, in the First National Bank of Eichmond, 
 the sum of $600, and upon the afternoon of the " Brigad.e's" ar- 
 rival in Eichmond, he made a further deposit of |455.80, making 
 a total of $1055.80 on deposit, before the Post had spent a 
 dollar. 
 
 Eeferring to the Treasurer's accounts, we find that on October 
 18th, a check was drawn in favor of Mr. Ford for $756, to pay 
 the hotel bill of the " Brigade." 
 
 It cost the " Brigade " $13.7 for a "square meal" in Wash- 
 ington, on the way home. The total cost of the expedition was 
 $4197.96. 
 
 In order to take a Band and Drum Corps, a large amount of 
 ' money was needed. The Post appealed to its friends. The 
 , response was generous. 
 
31 
 
 F'oUowing is thre list of contributors , 
 
 Allen L. Bassett, 
 George Williams, 
 Boberts & Co., 
 William H. Hamilton, 
 Otto Molter, 
 H. Soheiner, 
 Gottfried Krueger, 
 Henry Hardy, 
 Beda Voigt, 
 F. Kriolimayr, 
 E. Sattler, 
 Carl Lentz, 
 C. Peigenspan, 
 
 E. Bernhardt, 
 
 F. A. Hahn, 
 Philip Kuhn, 
 Mrs. B. Prieth, 
 Otto Brandt, 
 Ballantine & Co., 
 Newark City loe Co., 
 Tierney Brothersj- 
 John K. Weber, 
 Wm. Wright (Sheriff), 
 
 A. H. Seiger, 
 
 B. Schloss Bros., 
 Henry Powles, 
 Adam Klein, 
 
 H. A. Haussling, 
 S. Scheuer, 
 M. Loewenthal, 
 Wm. E., 
 John Pflster, 
 W. J., 
 
 .Julius Stapff, 
 Meyer Brothers, 
 E. T. Otto, 
 A..Volheye, 
 P. J. Botticher, 
 Julius Kirohner, 
 E. F. Brainard, 
 John Leonard, No. 1, 
 There were also some cash 
 
 John McKee, 
 E. C. Hay, 
 Joseph Hensler, 
 Dennis Murray, 
 George D. Eaudell, 
 Silas Van Doren, 
 George A. Halsey, 
 
 B. M. Shanley, 
 John MuUins, 
 
 J. D. and C. H. Harrison, 
 Frank Murphy, 
 Marshall & Ball, 
 Thomas X. Kinney, 
 
 C. Fi&lier, 
 Frederick Heller, 
 William H. P. Fiedler, 
 J. Warren Vandeveer, 
 J. Skinkle, 
 
 H. W.Egner, 
 : Charles B. Smith, 
 
 E. Stoutenburgh, 
 John MuUer, 
 William Ward, 
 Walter Greaeen, 
 William A. Smith, M.D., 
 James P. Dusenberry, 
 Charles Marsh, 
 
 Wm Swartz, 
 Daniel Dodd, 
 George Frelinghuysen, 
 John S. Clark, 
 JjUdge L. McCarter, 
 Alderman James Smith, 
 Amos H.'Van Horn, 
 
 F. J. Platts, 
 A. B. Holmes, 
 E. h. Conklin, 
 William E. Williams, 
 John D. Thompson, 
 Leon Abbett, 
 
 Prof. Henry Coleman, 
 contributions . 
 
32 
 
 The expedition would probably not have been undertaken, 
 had it not been for the kind courtesy, extended to Lincoln 
 Post by the Confederate Veterans, and the Comrades of Phn. 
 Kearny Post of our well beloved Grand Army. To them the 
 " Brigade " owes a great debt. Their unfailing kindness and 
 constant manifestation of fraternal feeling, their evident regret 
 at their inability to do more for their guests, their unfeigned 
 love for the Union, will not soon be f9rgotten by the '" Brigade." 
 When the time comes for a return of their courtesies, and it will 
 come, the " Brigade " wUl beyond doubt do itself and its guests 
 honor. 
 
 The Veterans of Camp and Post use the same room for their 
 ineetings. It is oddly decorated. Confederate and Union flags 
 and trophies being mingled impartially together. Following 
 are rosters of the two organzations. 
 
 OPFICEKS OT B. E. LEE CAMP. 
 
 Command'r, Chas. U. Williams. 
 1. Lieut. C.,E. C. Minor. 
 
 OPFICEKS OE PHIL. KEABNY P0S3^, 
 
 Command'r, B. C. Cook. 
 
 2. " " 
 
 A. T. Minor. 
 
 S. V. C, 
 
 J. P. Tickner. 
 
 3. " " 
 
 W. C. Carrington. 
 
 J. V. C, 
 
 Geo. B. Walcott. 
 
 Chaplain, 
 
 P. A. Peterson. 
 
 0. D. 
 
 Chas. Spencer. 
 
 Adjutant, 
 
 A. A. Spitzer. 
 
 Chaplain, 
 
 S. L. Anable. 
 
 Q. M. 
 
 J. E. Lane. 
 
 Adjutant, 
 
 J. F. Berry. 
 
 Surgeon, 
 
 Robert Leeky. 
 
 Q.M., 
 
 C. W. Burr. 
 
 O.D., 
 
 J. B. McKenney. 
 
 0. G., 
 
 Luke Connolly. 
 
 Treasurer, 
 
 M. A. AUen. 
 
 S. M., 
 
 E. T. Stoops. 
 
 Q. M. S'g-t, 
 
 Isaac Newman. 
 
 Q. M. S., 
 
 James Sweeney. 
 
 Vidette, 
 
 B. M. Batkins. 
 
 
 
 Previous to the present year, 1883, the two organizations 
 sustained pleasant relations with each other, but these relations 
 have grown into a warm affectionate, fraternal, sentiment. The 
 Grand Army Post inaugurated the movement which brought 
 about this result. The story cannot better be told, than as it is 
 related in the Richmond Daily Dispatch of May 24, 1883. We 
 give the article entire, as follows ; 
 
33 
 
 OUR HEROES IN HOLLYWOOD. 
 
 DEOOBATIOir OF SOLDIEE'S GBAVES AND EELIGIOUS OEREMOHIES 
 
 YE8TEKDAT, 
 
 A FLORAL MONUMENT PLACED ON QENEKAL PICKETT'S 
 GEAVB BY ,TINION VETERANS. 
 
 There are many who love Hollywood because it oonta,ins the dust ot 
 Monroe, Tyler, and Eandolph of Roanoke of Maury, of A. P. I|ill, 
 Stuart, and Pickett, and of others far nearer and dearer than oven 
 these ; but in the great southern heart it is enfolded in affection and 
 reverence because twelve thousand soldiers of the Confederacy there 
 rest beneath the shade of the trees. 
 
 Sixteen thousand at Oakwood, twelve at Hollywood, and unnumbered 
 ones on the battle-fields skirting the city! What a sleeping army 
 is here ! 
 
 Most of these were young men ; many of them beardless boys, in- 
 deed, and they came from every southern State. They were burning 
 with patriotism and devotion. They were soldiers by faith. Not the 
 hope of sharing conquered lands or ravished homes, not pay or pomp, 
 led them to the fight. They loved the South ; they believed her right ; 
 they were willing to venture life in vindication of their principles, and 
 they died bequeathing to us the memory of their sufferings and death, 
 and In the hope that, come victory or defeat, their surviving country- 
 men would be as a band of brothers linked together by common dan- 
 gers and cpmmon glories. 
 
 After the war many dead were removed to Hollywood from Gettys- 
 burg, Fort Harrison, and other battle-fields ; but the bulk of the graves 
 were filled by men who died in hospitals. 
 
 They were wounded, or sickened in the field. They could no longer 
 
 . stand in. the ranks. Their hands grew too weak to raise a musket or 
 
 apply a fuse. They had to go to the rear, and finally reached the 
 
 . hospitals here — only to die ; to die without a mother's blessings, a 
 
 , wife's caresses or a sister's tear. 
 
 At first they were, buried in Hollywood proper. 
 
 Our people did pot know what war was. They thought the two acres 
 forming the northern end of the cemetery would be enough ground for 
 this purpose. But after the battles around Richmond the tide of death 
 set in with such mighty sweep that more burial-room was demanded. 
 
34 
 
 That led to the purchase of the land now thickly dotted with graves, 
 beautiful with green sward and trees, and enclosed with a barbed-wire 
 fence. 
 
 All that was permitted us was to erect a monument to the memory 
 of our noble brothers and decorate their graves . A granite pyramid 
 ninety feet high was reared by the Ladies' Association, and there it 
 will probably stand — unless removed by human hands — ^tor centuries to 
 come. Ages on ages may roll by, but there the monument will be ; 
 and, if the vines ever cover it, it will not only be a perpetual memorial, 
 but a perpetually green one. 
 
 As for the decoration of graves, every year since 1866 the ladies — the 
 people generally, indeed — have performed that duty. There has been 
 less flagging in the work than ever could have been expected. For one 
 day in the year, at least, the memories of other days have been with us 
 
 It was arranged that the annual decoration should take place yester- 
 day, and that there might be a largo turnout of people it was announc- 
 ed that the principal work and ceremonies would take place late in 
 the afternoon. 
 
 From morning till night the weather was unfavorable. While there 
 was no rain or wind, the temperature was low for this season, and the 
 clouds were at times thick and threatening. Thousands, especially 
 ladies and children, were thus deterred from visiting the grounds. Yet 
 the attendance was not small ; it was, in fact, very large. 
 
 The northern gateway of the soldiers' section was handsomely arched 
 with evergreens, and about Ave paces in front of the gate-posts two 
 large crosses of evergreens and flowers wore erected. 
 
 To the right of this gate (entering from the north) the twenty sol- 
 diers recently removed from the battle-field of Seven Pines were 
 buried. One large, well-turfed mound marked their resting place. 
 This was entirely covered with floral offerings, including one tall 
 basket design. 
 
 On the other side of this gate — the crest of "Gettysburg Hill" — is 
 the grave of General Pickett ; a grave that is never neglected, no more 
 than his deeds and daring are forgotten. 
 
 The decoration of soldiers' graves was done more thoroughly yester- 
 day than for some years past ; but the undertaking is a prodigious one 
 to be accomplished in a few hours, and it cannot be accurately stated 
 that " no grave was overlooked." 
 
 In Soldiers' Section B, Kow 27 — near the big pine in the southwestern 
 part of the Soldiers' Cemetery — a plain granite monument stands, in- 
 scribed "Catherine Hodges, Co. K, 5th La., 1863." 
 
35 
 
 This grave is never overlooked. On every memorial day flowers are 
 
 to be found upon it. The deceased is well remembered by many of our 
 
 citizens. She came to Virginia as the " Vivandiere " of her company ; 
 
 it was her intention to nurse the sick and care for the wounded. Her 
 
 life was devoted to the Confederate cause. In some of the holiday 
 
 parades that marked the presence of southern soldiers here in the 
 
 early days of the war, with gay red cap and Zouave-like dress, she 
 
 marched at the head of the command to which she was attached. Her 
 
 mission was to nurse others, but herself soon required nursing. She 
 
 fell sick and died, and was buried amidst the soldiers — one poor, lone 
 
 woman among twelve thousand men. 
 
 * 
 Many of the private sections had been put in order for the day, and 
 
 upon quite a number of the graves in them there were beautiful and 
 
 bountiful displays of elegant flowers. Throughout the cemetery the 
 
 roses growing in the sections were blooming profusely, and the grass 
 
 and trees were never richer in verdure. 
 
 The turnout of the military was highly creditable, and their presence 
 made the occasion one of more impressive importance. At 4.30 o'clock 
 in the afternoon the First Regiment, under the command of Colonel 
 Charles J. Anderson, moved out from the Armory, on Seventh street, 
 and proceeded to the armory of the Biohmond Light Infantry Blues, 
 on the same street. Here the time-honored and proud old organization 
 joined the command, and the line of march was taken up for Holly- 
 wood. 
 
 The military entered by the eastern gate or general entrance, and 
 moved thence to Gettysburg Hill, accompanied by the Phil. Kearny 
 Post No. 10, Grand Army of the Bepublic. Upon reaching their posi- 
 tion, close to the northern gate, a hollow square was formed, in the 
 centre of which stood the Veterans of the Grand Army of the Eepublic. 
 These last had brought with them a broken column, mounted upon an 
 appropriate pedestal, the whole wreathed and garlanded with ever- 
 greens and fresh flowers, bearing an inscription which showed that the 
 offering came from Phil. Kearny Post of Union soldiers, and had been 
 offered as a tender testimonial of the feeling that these veterans held 
 in a matter of so much sentimental moment. Perhaps nothing that 
 transpired yesterday— as full as the day was of pathos and affectionate 
 memory and regard— went further to make the brave and noble ap- 
 preciate the grandeur and height of generosity to which those who met 
 in fierce fight in years agone have attained, than the beautiful memorial 
 brought to Hollywood by Phil. Kearny Post No, 10, Grand Army of the 
 Kepublic. In the ranks of these veterans, as they stood in the hollow 
 square formed by the First' Regiment, could be seen men who had left 
 
36 
 
 a part of their limbs upon the battle-fields of Virginia while fighting 
 under the Stars and Stripes, and yet here these war-scarred men stood 
 reverentially doing homage to the memory of their former foes. Eeally 
 it seemed that the spirit of the hymn first sung, 
 
 •' Angels to beckon me, 
 Nearer, my God, to thee," 
 
 obtained with these gallant men, and none who saw them move their 
 beautiful floral monument to the grave of General George E. Pickett 
 and reverently rest it there failed to feel that the war has waned in 
 feeling and effect, and that to-day we are brothers. It was the event 
 of the day, and the committee which arranged the monument — Messrs. 
 M. E. Lloyd, J. F. Berry, K. S. Stoops, George B. Walcott, and William 
 Heller — deserve especial praise for the taste they displayed in getting 
 up the offering. 
 
 The regiment was drawn up in a line enclosing as near as possible 
 the grave containing the Seven-Pines dead; the Veterans and the 
 Pickett monument in the place of honor. It was arranged that Eev. 
 H. M. Jackson, the minister of the occasion, should stand in a carriage 
 and conduct the ceremonies. The band was brought close up to the 
 carriage, and the services of Mr. W. H. Grant and a few other gentle- 
 men engaged on the spot to lead the singing. " Nearer, my God, to 
 Thee," was the opening hymn, and it was sung with full-band accomp- 
 animent. Prints of the hymns had been distributed to the people, but 
 the singing, which was very sweet, was not joined in by a great many, 
 and as a consequence did not rise above the music of the band suffici- 
 ently to be heard by the whole crowd. Following this hymn, Mr. 
 Jackson, in fine voice, read portions of the Episcopal burial-service, 
 beginning " I am the resurrection and the life," followed by the Lord's 
 prayer (in which many joined) and the prayer for funeral occasions. 
 Then " Eock of Ages " was sung and the benediction pronounced. 
 
 Immediately following these services was the signal event of the 
 day, the placing of the floral monument on General Pickett's grave by 
 the Union veterans. 
 
 This was a glorious tribute to Pickett ; also an act that warmed the 
 blood of kindliness in every southern breast and reflected vast credit 
 upon the gentlemen who so generously conceived and so pleasantly ex- 
 ecuted their fraternal purpose. 
 
 After this many flowers that had not been distributed were placed by 
 people generally upon the graves on and about Gettysburg Hill, and 
 the crowd dispersed. 
 
 Oa the 30th of May, six days after the scenes above describ- 
 ed, a similar scene was enacted in the National Cemetery, else- 
 
37 
 
 where described. The Grand Army boys decorated the graves 
 of their fallen comrades, while the Veterans in Grey tenderly 
 assisted. It is not wonderful, therefore, that as soon as it was 
 decided to invite Lincoln Post to come to Richmond, that the 
 two organizations clasped handg and- became one, as hosts. 
 Following is the Joint Committee of Arrangem.ents appointed 
 to prepare for the reception of the "Brigade:"' 
 
 R. E. LEE CAMP. 
 
 A. A, Spitzer, 
 Isaac Newman, 
 D. S. Bedford, 
 J. H. Allen, 
 
 J. E. Drinkard, 
 G. F. Dean, 
 
 B. M. Battms, 
 J. B. Mckenney, 
 Robert Lecky, 
 A. T. Minor, 
 
 J. J. H. Brower. 
 
 SEORETART, JOINT OOMMrTTEB. 
 
 Robert Lecky. 
 
 PHIL KEARNY POST. 
 
 B. C. Cook, 
 
 C. W. Burr, 
 R. T. Stoops, 
 E. P. Sherman, 
 M. R. Lloyd, 
 Luke Connolly, 
 Geo" L. Keach, 
 Geo. B. Wallcott, 
 Peter Tresnon, 
 J. F. Berry. 
 
 CHAIRMAN, JOINT COMMITTEE, 
 
 B. C. Cook. 
 
 Ably and warmly backed up by both organizations, the above 
 Committee worked hard to give their northern visitors a warm 
 reception. Their labor of love was successful and entirely satis- 
 factory to the " Brigade." 
 
CHAPTER III. 
 
 THE START. AN ENTHUSIASTIC SESD OFF. INCIDENTS BY THE WAY. 
 TAKING THE PERSIMMON. 
 
 Drummer, strike ijp, and let us march away. 
 
 Xing Henry VI. 
 
 Tlierefore let's hence, 
 And with our fair entreaties haste them on. 
 
 Cnyiolaw(^. 
 
 At last the long lookeij for, long expected evening of October 
 ISth arrived, which was to witness the departure of the " Bri- 
 gade." Clad in the " natty " uniform of the Post, the Comrades 
 gathered with their friends in the Academy of Muiic, on Wash- 
 ington street. This was the appointed rendezvous and the 
 point of departure. Not only the Comrades, but the Invited 
 Guests, a very important part of the " Brigade " mustered in 
 force. A multitude of citizens, scarcely less ardent than the 
 " Brigade " itself, crowded the roomy Academy to its utmost 
 capacity, and the gallery was adorned by the presence of many 
 ladies. 
 
 AU went " merry as a marriage-bell." Every Comrade had 
 furbished up his uniform. The arts of the tailor had been ex- 
 hausted in making the blue look fresh and new. The whitest 
 of white gloves covered the hands of the boys, and every face 
 shone with the joy of anticipation of pleasures to come. Many 
 a man who had fought on many a historic field, had his mind 
 fully made up for conquest, not of arms but of eyes ; conquests 
 where the victory should be bloodless but no less signal ; where 
 the captives should not be trophies of hatred, but of love. To 
 
39 
 
 what extent these bright ■visions were realized will be seen later. 
 Patient Quartermaster Drake, systematic as usual, had every 
 man's ticket and equipment ready enveloped, and there was 
 little delay on that score. Each member of the " Brigade " was 
 furnished with a very handsome badge, of beautiful workman- 
 ship and tasteful design. A broad and heavily fringed ribbon 
 of drab silk was emblazoned ~at its lower end with the golden 
 legend " Richmond, Oct. 16, 1883." To this was affixed, by 
 means of an elaborate tie a shorter, narrower ribbon of dark 
 blue, with end pointed, and terminating in a drab tassel. This 
 silken super-structure, as it were, bore the heraldic legend of 
 the Post, thus: " Lincoln Post No. 11, G. A. R., Newark, N. J." 
 A light and pretty bamboo cane, uniform in size and finish, with 
 all the others, completed the personal outfit of each member of 
 the Brigade. The Citizen contingent was resplendent in new 
 overcoats and glossy silk hats. Bach member wore the badge 
 and carried the cane, and, when marshalled at the head of the 
 Post, presented an appearance at once imposing and satisfac- 
 tory. We have thus minutely described the " make up " of the 
 " Brigade," because this was the force which was to invade 
 Richmond, which was to do New Jersey honor, and cover itself 
 with glory and win imperishable renown. This was the army 
 which was to take male and female Richmond by storm, which 
 was to march through the streets of the Capital of the late Con- 
 federacy to the music of welcoming plaudits and the fluttering 
 of flags, to say nothing of the fluttering of white handkerchiefs 
 and soft bosoms ! Let us not linger on this scene less "memory 
 give us pain." 
 
 After much maneuvering the " Brigade " moved out of the 
 Academy of Music, and formed on Washington street. Upon 
 the right was the Fifth Regiment, N. G. N. J., who had kindly 
 offered to escort the expedition to the depot. The Regiment 
 paraded in full numbers and never presented a finer or more 
 soldierly appearance. It was headed by a band and drum corps. 
 On the left .of the Regiment was the " Brigade's " band and 
 drum corps. Next came the Invited Guests under Col. Barnard 
 
4=0 
 
 and then the Post. At precisely 9 o'clock the cominaHd " For- 
 ward ! " was given, and the march to Eichmond was begun. 
 Eight royaHy-j did the people send the boys away. Market street, 
 from Washington street to the Pennsylvania Eailroad Depot, 
 was lined by dense masses of huzzaing people; buntiag gleamed 
 everywhere, and the darkness was made light by pyrotechnics 
 and bonfires. It was a glorious send-off, aad the hearts of the 
 " Brigade " thrUled with gratitude to their warm-hearted fellow 
 citizens, for this renewed evidence of love and esteem. The 
 dispatch there and then sent off to Eichmond, " Lincoln Post is 
 marching down Market street to the depot, amidst the cheers of 
 the people and the colored fires of pyrotechnics," was no overw 
 strained nor bombastic announcement to the Comrades in Eich- 
 mond, that not a band of bummers, but a company of respected 
 citizens was about to leave Newark to visit them. The send-off 
 was duly appreciated by the " Brigade. " 
 
 Following are extracts from the Newark papers concerning 
 the departure: 
 
 "Chinese lanterns swung from the Academy o£ Music front last 
 night. Within, hand shakings and good-speeds were beings given the 
 Lincoln Post boys on their departure for Richmond. Eegrets over in- 
 ability to go were mingled with hopes for the enjoyment of those more 
 fortunate. Presently the Fifth Regiment drew up in line before ' the 
 doors, the invited guests, in their finely of silk hats and bamboo canes, 
 fell into place, and the column tor march to the depot came out of the 
 seeming disorder. 
 
 When the wheel was made into Market street, the broad avenue to 
 the Mulberry street bend lay plain as day under the full moon and the 
 blaze of electric lamps. Banners of the German Pestivkl, and the col- 
 ors of France and the Union swayed in the crisp breeze, while from the 
 curbstone and housetops streams of red, green and blue fires hung var- 
 iegated curtains in the 'viewless air.' Habersang's band ceased a 
 lively march juat as the column crossed Broad street. The white coat- 
 ed drum corps took up the cadence with — 
 
 *' oil, carry me back to olrl Virginny." 
 
 The multitude that well-nigh blocked the passage, yet cleft itself to 
 lot the veterans through, burst into applause that changed to a tumult 
 
41 
 
 of enthusiasm when the familiar plantation melody drifted into the 
 spirited strains of 
 
 Then came 
 
 " Way down soutU In Dixie." 
 
 " Way down upon the Swanee river," 
 
 and the multitude outdid itself in approval of its merit. From the 
 beginning of the march the way was a benediction." — j 
 
 " At an early hour last evening Lincoln Post, under the inspiration 
 of the watchword "On to Richmond," assembled at the Academy of 
 Music, which the enterprising proprietor had already adorned with 
 Chinese lanterns and flags, and hundreds of the personal friends of the 
 Post and others soon tilled the hall of the Academy and conversed in 
 knots upon the street. The utmost enthusiasm prevailed among mem- 
 bers of the Post and their guests, and many were present who express- 
 ed deep regret that they had not decided, while yet it was time, to 
 participate in a visit to Dixie Land. About 8.45 o'clock the Fifth Keg- 
 iment arrived and drew up in line on the east side of Washington 
 street, and the Post then formed, with the guests in front, and march- 
 ing a short distance down Washington street, took position on the left 
 of the escorting regiment. Then the march for the depot was taken 
 up, amid cheers of hundreds of lookers on, and the wheeling ef the 
 column into Market street was the signal for a grand electric blaze, 
 and the burning of red, green and blue fires, and the discharge of Ro- 
 man candles from the sidewalks and house-tops. Indeed, from the 
 comer of Washington and Market streets all the way to the railroad 
 depot, the scene was inspiring, and the departing veterans and their 
 civic guests must have felt that they were receiving a grand " send 
 ofE." Thousands of people swarmed Market street while the procession 
 was passing, and there were frequent manifestations of enthusiasm 
 along the entire line of march. The airs executed by Habersang's 
 Band and the handsomiely uniformed drum corps of the Post were 
 " Carry me back to old Varginny," "Dixie" and "Way down upon 
 the Swannee Biver," and those exceeding appropriate refrains were 
 never better performed, or fell more inspiringly upon the ears of the 
 thousands of lookers-on. At the depot the Fifth Regiment drew up in 
 line on the south side of Market street, and the veterans and their 
 guests marched to the platform, where they soon after took a special 
 train, composed of three coaches and two sleepers, and at 9.30 were 
 speeding away towards their southern destination." — Daily Advertiser. 
 
42 
 
 At the depot the Fifth Regiment gave us a marching salute, 
 and was dismissed with thanks and cheers. The " Brigade " at 
 once proceeded to capture the depot, and succeeded admirably. 
 Wives, sweethearts, and friends, were there to offer a last good 
 wish, and utter a last God-speed. 
 
 The train was to have left at 9.38 o'clock, but just here the 
 first hitch in the programme occurred, and a long series of 
 petty mishaps and delays followed, which resulted in the ai-rival 
 of the " Brigade " in Eichmond several hours late. A train had 
 broken down somewhere up the road, and it was fully 10.30 
 o'clock before the " Brigade " got away. Then it was discovered 
 that a special train or " section " had been provided, and some 
 of the boys had secured berths in sleeping coaches other than 
 those chartered by the ''Brigade." Here was separation and 
 consequent misery. 
 
 At last we were off, the last cheers died away in the distance, 
 the "Brigade " got down to business for the night and we cried 
 " On to Richmond ! " 
 
 Over the scenes of that night-ride let a kindly hand draw a 
 ' veU. "We might tell how the term " sleeping car '' was a mis- 
 nomer; we might relate how the one hundred and fifty miser- 
 ables who had no sleeping berths became imbued with a fiend- 
 ish determination, that the more fortunate half-hundred who 
 had, should not enjoy their " bloated aristocracy ; " we might 
 describe the perfection to which this awful determination was 
 carried out ; we might unfold to a listening world that mysteri- 
 ous words arose amidst the din, words like " I pass ! " " I'm 
 out ! " " I'm in ! " " Some one open the pot ! " " I chip a 
 nickel ! " "I stand pat ! "' " You held a bob-tailed flush ! " We 
 say we might tell all this, but we won't. Let it suffice to say 
 that in the early dawn of a cool day the " Brigade " poured out 
 of its train and carried the railroad restaurant in Washington by 
 storm. The train had been united at Philadelphia, and the 
 " Brigade " were all together again. Despite the sleepless night 
 which most of the boys had "enjoyed," aU hands were full of life 
 and pluck, and ready for whatever might befall. 
 
43 
 
 After hastily swallowing an excellent breakfast in the Balti- 
 more & Potomac Depot in Washington, the " Brigade " pro- 
 ceeded to view the Httle brass star which marks the spot where 
 the lamented Garfield fell to the dastard shot of the foul assas- 
 sin, Guiteau. As we gazed upon the star, memories of that 
 fateful July morning came back to us. We remembered how 
 the great and noble President, temporarily released from the 
 heavy cares and responsibilities of his high office, entered the 
 depot in a buoyant frame of mind, chatting with the freedom 
 of a school boy with his bosom friend, Hon. James G. Blaine. 
 The President, never dreaming of the wretch who skulked be- 
 hind, with pistol cocked and hand ready to let out the life at 
 once so grand and so beloved by the Nation, crossed the ladies' 
 waiting room to the spot now marked by the brazen star. Then 
 came the shot, and Garfield fell ! 
 
 " Oh, what a fall was there, my countrymen ! 
 Then I, and you, and all of us fell down. 
 Whilst bloody treason flourished over us." 
 
 It is not within the intention or scope of this history to re- 
 count the story of that terrible deed, nor of the weeks of anxious 
 waiting that followed, nor of the sad scenes which closed that 
 dark chapter in our Nation's history. That memories of all 
 these thronged through our minds is certain, and a deep sense 
 of consolation came to us in the knowledge that justice was 
 done upon the slayer. 
 
 " All aboard ! " sang out the railroad authorities, and the en- 
 tire " Brigade," now occupying its own special train, moved out 
 of Washington to Richmond. We rode in our own " special " 
 with our own palace cars and our own locomotive, but we were 
 not proud. We were used to such business, and " none of these 
 things moved us." We filled three of the Pennsylvania Rail 
 Road Company's splendid coaches, and two Pullman Palace 
 Cars. All went merrily until we reached Quantico. This vil- 
 lage is not very large. We don't exactly know where it is locat- 
 ed, but we shall not soon forget it. We halted here, as we sup- 
 
44 
 
 posed for an ordinary stop, and were naturally surprised and 
 disgusted when the word went 'round, "We have no locomo- 
 tive ! " Sure enough, our engine was missing. It appears that, 
 at Quantico, the control of the Peimsylvania Rail Eoad Company 
 ends and that of the Fredericksburg & Potomac Bail Eoad 
 Company begins. The regular Southern Express, a part of 
 which we were supposed to be, had been duly provided with a 
 fresh locomotive at Quantico and had gone on. No provision 
 had been made for the " Brigade's " special, and a wait for a 
 locomotive to come up from the South was necessary. It was 
 very vexatious. Every arrangement had been made in Rich- 
 mond for the reception of the " Brigade," and the hour of its ar- 
 rival was fixed by the raikoad schedule of time, yet here it was, 
 scores of miles from its destination, stranded, as it were, upon 
 a locomotiveless shore. "When the hour of deliverance would 
 arrive, no man knew. Anxious inquiry of the railroad officials 
 as to when we should move drew out the reply : " Don't know 
 'zactly. Sometime, I reckon." We hoped it would be " some- 
 time." 
 
 All sorts of plans were hatched and carried out to make the 
 time pass pleasantly. The Band struck up, and over the wide 
 and barren fields, and among the few scattered buildings, the 
 stirring strains of " Dixie " floated on the breeze. The effect 
 was instantaneous. Every member of the sparse population, 
 white and black, — to say nothing of the shades between these ex- 
 tremes — flocked about the train. The " Brigade " climbed out, 
 and took position upon a raised platform, covered with coal. 
 The old time spirit came over the boys and within five minutes 
 the whole crowd, broken into small parties, were " foraging." 
 "Persimmons" were plentiful, but were not quite ripe. Nothing 
 daunted by this, the boys ate of them freely and every man's 
 mouth was soon in proper shape for whistling. 
 
 It was here that a group of foragers came upon a boy who 
 would make his fortune in a ten cent museum. He was origin- 
 ally black, but was suffering from that rare and curious disease 
 which sometimes attacks black people, and transforms them to 
 
46 
 
 a white, or rather copper colored hue. The boy was intelligent 
 and amusing. He was picturesque in his " looped and win- 
 dowed" raggedness. He gained shekels by dancing and re- 
 citing for the boys. 
 
 It was at Quantico that Comrade McPh arson received a ter- 
 rible " set-back " from a " man and a brother " who said he was 
 formerly a slave. " Mac " began to quiz him, and the ex-slave 
 replied wittily. A crowd gathered around. The colored man 
 stated that he was a " Baptiss," and " 'tended to stick to the 
 Baptiss Chu'ch entil he died." After badgering him awhiJip, 
 Mac said: " Uncle, what time is it? " The reply came promptly 
 as the man looked Mac square in the eye : " I isn't got my 
 watch yer, at dis moment, an' if I done had it yer, I'd be 
 mighty ear'ful not to pull it out." There was a shout, aad 
 " Mac " fainted. He attempted to rally, but it was a failure. 
 
 At the beat of the drum, an impromptu parade was formed, 
 band, drum corps, guests, Post, colored people and citizens, 
 joining in one mad march through the fields. The " Brigade " 
 enjoyed it hugely, and the " residents " who had not heard a 
 band in years, also seemed to like it. 
 
 At last, after a weary wait thus whiled away, a locomotive 
 came to us. Commander Mulcahey and Quartermaster Drake 
 leaped on the coal pile, shovel in hand, and helped " coal 
 up," in order to get us off the quicker. As we started, an 
 aged conductor in citizen's dress sang out : " Hold on to your 
 hair, boys, for we're goin' to run sixty miles an hour! " This was 
 welcome news and we prepared to " hold on." We did run 
 rapidly for about a mile, and then stopped. Instantly the angry 
 "Brigade" swarmed upon the track, indignantly demanding 
 the cause for the stoppage. A colored man who was in 
 charge of a danger signal, which was planted in the middle 
 of the single track, coolly said : " We's done layin' some new 
 rails out yander 'round de bend ! " Laying rails ! Great 
 Jupiter! Was there ever such management? A special train 
 crowded with the intellect and worth of the metropolis of 
 New Jersey, to be detained a couple of hours for lack of a 
 
46 
 
 locomotive, and then brought to a fresh stand-still, because 
 the track was being relaid! It was- not to be borne. The 
 " Brigade '' scattered, and if they were unable to " take it out " 
 of the Company, they took it out of the chestnut trees by 
 the roadside, also the wild grapevines laden with fruit. 
 Quartermaster Drake deployed as a skirmisher, around the 
 bend. In half an hour he came running, called " all aboard ! " 
 the " Brigade " climbed in and we started again. This time 
 we were really under way. The engineer " whooped her up," 
 and we flew over the rough road. It was a decided contrast to 
 the smooth roadbed to which travellers in Northern New Jersey 
 are accustomed. 
 
 The road wound through an almost barren country. The soil 
 was of light clay and sand, singularly mixed. The boys who 
 tramped through it on Bumsides " Mud March " will remember 
 it well There were few signs of life. Here and there an un- 
 painted shanty, built in the woods, was supposed to be a dwell- 
 ing house, but no inhabitant was seen. Now and then a lank 
 pig scuffled, grunting, away from the neighborhood of the track, 
 and here and there upon the hillsides a small herd of " lean 
 kine " was to be seen. Sand, clay and scrub oak were the prin- 
 cipal productions. It might be " sacred soil," but it certainly is 
 not valuable. But this chapter is long enough. The history 
 wUl be continued in the next. 
 
CHAPTER IV. 
 
 FREDEEICKSBUEG. SOME KEMtNISCENCES. A WEAITHY " CHILE. AB- 
 BIVAL IN RICHMOND. 
 
 " He that ontlives this day and comes safe Dome, 
 Will stand a tip-toe when this day is nam'd. 
 
 Henry V. 
 
 " Give me your bands ; 
 Let grief and sorrow still embrace his heart, 
 That doth not wish you joy." 
 
 Tempest. , 
 
 In due time the woods thinned, buildings became more 
 frequent, and at last the city of Fredericksburg burst upon us. 
 As we crossed the turbid Rappahannock, nestUng cosily in our 
 red plush seats, the thought came irresistibly to many of us : 
 " Under what different circumstances some of us crossed this 
 river, in December, 1862 ! " Eyes eagerly scanned the neigh- 
 borhood, where the pontoons were laid in the teeth of a pitiless 
 rain of bullets, kept up unceasingly by hidden sharpshooters on 
 the south bank. The memories of that terrible week of battle, 
 the awful struggle, the horrible butchery of the " Boys in Blue," 
 the fruitlessness and uselessness of it all, will never die out 
 from the minds of those who participated in that stupendous 
 blunder. Some of the " Brigade " visited the battle-field upon 
 the return. Their experiences wiU be given later. 
 
 "When our train pulled up at the Fredericksburg depot, the 
 strains of " Dixie " streamed from the windows and attracted 
 hundreds of colored men and boys. The colored population of 
 Fredericksburg do not seem to have made much progi-ess since 
 
48 
 
 the war. They are just as phenomenal in their " looped and 
 windowed " raggedness now, as they were then, and seem to be 
 moved by the same happy carelessness for the present, and 
 blind trust in the future, now, as they manifested a score of 
 years ago. Even the new generation is marked with the char- 
 acteristics of its parentage. 
 
 How the music stirred them up, those sable and tan-colored 
 boys ! How they grinned, 
 
 " Shucking their ivories Kke an ear of com ! " 
 
 How they ran and shouted and danced ! Of course, the " Bri- 
 gade " tumbled out of the cars, the instant the train stopped. 
 The inclination to get out of the cars at every opportunity was 
 irresistible. A ring was formed and a Httle darkey, picturesque 
 in his tatters, danced a jig to the fifing of one of the drum 
 corps. The little fellow executed some amazing figures, and cut 
 astounding pigeon-wings, and double-shufiles, to the intense 
 gratification of the crowd. The " artist in sand " afterwards 
 took up a collection. The " Brigade " contributed liberally, and 
 in five minutes the little feUow announced that " Dis chUe am 
 de riches' nigger in Freds'bug." Comrade Brown and John 
 KenneU made a pretense of robbing the boy, and a more fright- 
 ened feUow could not be imagined. Fredericksburg has a num- 
 ber of large factories, several fine churches and many elegant 
 residences. The principal business of that portion of the popu- 
 lation which surrounded our train, however, appeared to consist 
 iu carrying a shot-gun and being followed by a brace of hounds. 
 The stop at Fredericksburg was short, but it was long enough 
 for the boys to forage, as usual. This time, every man appear- 
 ed, munching a cabbage head, thus posturing as cannibals 
 consuming their own kind. One mile west of the city, upon 
 Marye's Heights, lays the Fredericksburg Military Cemetery, 
 where the bodies of the victims of the bloody mistake of 
 Fredericksbui'g Ue sleeping. The smooth and emerald turf 
 covers them. Many lie in graves marked only by a marble 
 stake, but the very breeze whispers the story of their heroic 
 
49 
 
 deeds. Individually, thousands are " unknown," but collectively 
 they are embalmed with the sweetest incense that memory and 
 history can offer. On those December days, they wrote^ with a 
 pen of fire and steel, in letters of blood, one of the most splen- 
 did pages of all the splendid history of the Army of the Poto- 
 mac. Knowing that " some one had blundered," '■' their's was 
 but to do and die," and they cheerfully rushed to death, only 
 regretful that they had but one Hfe to give to their dear Coun- 
 try. Paraphrasing a well known ode, we murmured, as the hal- 
 lowed spot where they lie, faded from our vision : 
 
 " They sleep their last sleep, they have fought their last battle ; 
 
 They rest from their marches, past is their pain. 
 No roaring of cannon, nor musketry's rattle 
 
 Shall wake tbem to life or to glory again." 
 
 Bequiescat in Pace, in the faith that the " Eesurgam " written 
 on their tombs shall be gloriously realized, when He shall make 
 up his jewels. 
 
 In this Cemetery, as well as in every other one of the National 
 Military Cemeteries in the Country, New Jersey has her be- 
 loved sons, sleeping. There are one hundred and eleven of 
 them here.. 
 
 Many of the " Brigade " were familiar with Fredericksburg, 
 as many of the members of it were in both battles at this place. 
 The following is from the pen of Comrade George W. Moore, 
 of Lincoln Post : 
 
 " On the way home, a part of Lincoln Post members visited 
 Fredericksburg. We arrived from Richmond at about 11 a. m., 
 October 18, procured carriages and proceeded to the National 
 Cemetery on Marye's Heights, to the left of the city. Here 
 there are over 7,000 Union soldiers interred, and of this number 
 only 1,500 are known. A splendid view of the surrounding 
 country may be had from the top of the Heights in the Cem- 
 etery. To the left (when facing the Rappahannock) is the city 
 lying . spread out below, the river winding around in a gentle 
 
50 
 
 curve, with here and there a house on the opposite bank. To 
 the right is the almost level ground, stretching from the foot of 
 the hills to the river, where the heavy fighting was done on the 
 13th of December, 1862, under Burnsidc. The heights to the 
 right, projecting at three different points, were each occupied 
 by a battery on the 3rd of May, '63, when the New Jersey troops 
 charged them from the Bowling Green road, and here the 26th 
 N. J. suffered heavily in killed and wounded on that memorable 
 Sunday morning. The visiting party being composed, with but 
 few exceptions, of members of the 26th N. J. Eeg't, it was of 
 the very greatest interest to them, to re-visit after twenty years, 
 the scenes so vividly impressed on their minds at that time. 
 We found that there could be very little reliance placed on any 
 information obtained from any one met with ; as for instance, 
 the keeper of the National Cemetery insisted that the 26th was 
 engaged on the very spot where the cemetery is now located, 
 when, in fact, it was over a mile farther to the right. He also 
 informed us that the Color Sergeant of the 26th was buried in 
 the cemetery, and his head-stone marked, but the name is 
 wrofag, for the Sergeant lived to come home, and resided in 
 Newark a number of years after. The party proceeded to the 
 Bowling Green road, and located the spot where they lay in the 
 road when they received orders to charge the rebel battery in 
 their immediate front, but at least a mile distant. 
 
 The fixing of this location was assisted by the brick house at 
 the foot of the heights, where some of the party were carried 
 from the heights when wounded. The party here separated, 
 one half driving on to the Brainard estate, on the banks of the 
 river, where the pontoon bridge was thrown across, and they 
 reported that the place had a very familiar look. The party on 
 their return visited the gas works, and questioned the man in 
 charge. The information obtained from him was of the same 
 sort as that of our last informant, very unreliable, or at least it 
 did not agree with our idea of what was right. 
 
 One of the party showed the exact spot where the wounded 
 were carried across the river on the pontoon bridge, all day 
 
51 
 
 Monday, from the city to the field hospitals near Falmouth. He 
 related his experience in getting from the building in the main 
 street of the city to the pontoons, about as follows : 
 
 ' Word came in that, if there were any who did not want to 
 go to Richmond, they must try and get across the river the best 
 way they could, as there were no ambulances to be used. Then 
 began the severest struggle of my Hfe, for I was wounded 
 in the thigh with a four-ounce canister shot, which had hit me 
 in front and penetrated nearly through the limb, which was 
 swollen to twice its normal size. Over twenty hours had elapsed 
 since receiving it. Tired out for want of sleep, in the most 
 intense suffering I limped, crawled and rolled through the 
 street, and down the hill to the pontoon ; then across to the op- 
 posite bank, and then up the hill, over the fields, and finally in- 
 to a ditch, which a lively May shower had swoUen to a veritable 
 mill race. Here I succumbed to the watery element, and was 
 rescued by an officer who had lost his sword arm the day be- 
 fore.' 
 
 The party repaired to the Exchange Hotel for dinner which 
 they had served in the grandest style, (the waiters did all the 
 style business) and the charge for the same was in grander style 
 than the dinner, very much so. 
 
 After dinner, the party took carriages again and proceeded to 
 White Oak Church, five miles from the city, across the river. The 
 bridge, crossed on this occasion, was a private toll bridge with 
 charges for foot passengers or wagons, accordingly. We saw 
 the peculiar way the natives have of " doing " the bridge comp- 
 any out of the wagon toll. They drive to the foot of the hiU 
 near the bridge, and then anchor the mules and wagon, take 
 their baskets on their arms, walk across the bridge, paying foot 
 passengers' toll, make their purchases, and, returning, hitch up 
 and drive away with a happy consciousness that they have "beat, 
 en " the company. 
 
 Reaching White Oak Church, a halt was called to make in- 
 quiries as to which way to proceed to the old camp of the 26th. 
 The conveyances had no sooner stopped, than an old white- 
 
52 
 
 headed corn cracker made his appearance from one of the only 
 two houses visible, and informed us, we could learn from the 
 next house we came to, all about it. Mr. Curtis asked us if we 
 would not come into the house and partake of his hospitality, 
 which we did, and we found that his corn juice had not been 
 watered, and that there was just enough to go around ! 
 
 Mr. Curtis informed us that he left his mother and three sis- 
 ters in the house when the war broke out, and went tO' Rich- 
 mond to work in the arsenal on war munitions, and on his re- 
 turn after the close of the war, everything in the shape of 
 fences and timber had vanished, so that he could not find a stick 
 large enough to make a hen roost of. From being a prosper^ 
 ous planter with forty slaves, he was reduced to pauperism, 
 and has been only able, since, to eke out a precarious existence. 
 "But," he philosophically remarked,-" boys, such is the fortune 
 of war." He related the circumstances of his visit tohis home 
 during the occupation of Fredericksburg by the Union forces, 
 and I here give it in his own words : 
 
 " I received word that my folks had left the homestead and 
 gone to the city, and I felt very anxious to find out how they 
 were making out among the Yankee soldiers. I informed the 
 Commandant I wanted to go home, and he refused me permis- 
 sion ; but I was fully determined to go. That night I stole out 
 through the guards, and proceeded in a round about way to 
 Ashland, there striking the railroad, and was not molested until 
 neariag the city of Fredericksburg, when I fell in with a darkey 
 who informed me that I could go into the Union lines anywhere 
 without molestation. I said, "Oh, yes, you can go, being a con- 
 traband ; but how about me? " and he rephed.: " well, if you is 
 a Union man, you can go too." I said " all right," and .pro- 
 ceeded, but very cautiously. Mounting the brow of a hill, I 
 ^tood in full view of the Yankee pickets. . I said " here goes," 
 for I can not turn back now after being seen, and boldly 
 mai:ched up to the dreaded Yanks. They greeted me socially, 
 and being seated around a spring, one of them proffered me his 
 cup to get a drink, remarking that I looked tired and thirsty. I 
 
53 
 
 dropped my bundle and took a drink, and sat down about an 
 hour with them, talking about the people liTing there-about, for 
 I knew many of them. Presently I remarked : " Well, boys, I 
 must be -going," and they bid me good-day, and proceeding, I 
 found myself safely within the Unioh Unes. I was not long in 
 finding my folks, for they were with relatives ; and my visit be- 
 ing over, I set about returning to Richmond, but this I found 
 was not so easy. I came in all right, but could find no loop 
 hole to get out through the Yankee guards, so after trying for 
 four or five days, I crossed the river, came over here to the old 
 homestead, and when I saw the desolation the Yankees had 
 wrought on our old home, yon can make up your mind I was 
 more bitter than ever towards them, and was anxious to get back 
 again to work on the implements of war, to injure them as much 
 as possible. I walked down to the river over twenty miles, before 
 I had an opportunity to cross, and then swam during the night; 
 and now, boys, when you go North, tell the folks that we are not 
 dogs down here.'' 
 
 Taking carriages again, we proceeded but a short distance 
 when we found the next house to be a nine by fifteen shanty with 
 a bar-room in one end and a blacksmith shop in the other, .and 
 they were both " hardwai-e " establishments, but not opposi- 
 tion, as they were both run by the same individual, who was a 
 genuine " sand Spaniard,' and gloried in being a Readjuster. 
 We thought he looked more like a Repudiator, and in fact he 
 was, in relation to soap and water. There was a gathering of 
 the Readjuster clan here, consisting of four whites and five col- 
 ored " gemmen," led by one of Mahone's lieutenants, who 
 seemed to be boss of that gang. We addressed our conversa- 
 tion to this citizen, and he went with us to the old camp ground 
 in the rear of Mrs. Ball's house. 
 
 What a.change twenty years had wrought in the appearance 
 of the scene around the familiar old place ! The little brook, 
 running through the camps, had changed its course so much 
 that it was unrecognizable. The house on the brow of the hill, 
 opposite the camp, had disappeared, the trees and shrubbery 
 
5* 
 
 obliterated the contour of the ground, except where the tents 
 were pitched ; but after locating the company streets and the 
 eyes becoming accustomed to the scenery, many recollections 
 were brought to mind, and the emotions awakened can only be 
 realized by anyone having gone through a winter in camp. Our 
 . return to the city was marked by no event worthy of note, and 
 taking the evening train, we rejoined the Post at Washington in 
 time to come home, all together. " 
 
 A graphic sketch of what is deemed by those who were pres- 
 ent at Fredericksburg, as the " hottest " spot they were in during 
 the war, is given by a veteran now in the Post Office Depart- 
 ment in Washington. He said in reply to the question : " Did 
 you ever have a close call while in the Army ? " 
 
 " ' Close call ? ' — yes, several. We had them nearly every day from 
 '61 to '65, but the closest call I ever had was at Fredericksburg, when 
 General Burnside ordered the attack on Marye's Heights. Our division 
 was in the advance, and lost more men that day than the balance of the 
 troops engaged on the right wing. When my regiment filed out of the 
 streets of the town we mustered 218, and that night only 27 answered 
 roll call. All were not killed, but every man left alive outside of the 
 twenty-seven could show a wound. I was one of the number who re- 
 sponded at muster after the fight. Our adjutant was also present, yet 
 during the engagement he received an injury that prevented him from 
 lying on his back or taking a comfortable seat for two weeks. We no- 
 ticed something peculiar in his gait, but, he being a proud man, no one 
 dared to ask what was the cause, and it was months before we found 
 out. 
 
 " I will tell you the story of my experience that day," continued the 
 veteran. " Directly after we left the streets to make the attack, I felt 
 a tug at the haversack by my side, but was too busy looking ahead to 
 investigate the cause. Next came a decided jerk under the left arm, 
 and upon examination a hole was found through both my coats — for it 
 was Winter, December 13, 1862. The Johnnie's bullets did not touch 
 my clothes again until we got to within fifty yards of the stone wall, at 
 the base of the hill, under the line of Marye's mansion. The fire from the 
 three lines of battle of the enemy — one at the top, one at the side, and one 
 at the foot6f the ridge — had been steady all the way up the slope from 
 the town ; but when we reached the vicinity of the wall, and it appear- 
 ed we were carrying everything before us, the jaws of hell seemed to 
 open on both aides. I never was in such a fire, from Bull Eun to Ap- 
 
55 
 
 pomattox, as we experienced that moment. Bullets or pieces of shell 
 seemed to be striking everything above ground, near where we stood 
 in line, and one by one our men fell dead or wounded. A small board 
 fence in our front disappeared in splinters in less than half an hour. A 
 splinter from this fence struck me across the bridge of the nose and 
 eyelids, and made the blood fly for a second or two. It was only a 
 scratch, but I thought at the time that half my head was gone and con- 
 cluded to lie down and calmly await the approach of death. Just then 
 a piece of shell took off my right coat-tail. This hastened the move- 
 ment into a horizontal position on the ground, from which I did not 
 stir until darkness put a stop to the slaughter, except to crawl up a few 
 feet closer to the hub of an old wagon wheel, that had been stugk in 
 the ground probably for years.' The rains of many seasons had washed 
 the earth down hill against the hub, and it afforded an excellent pro- 
 tection for my wounded (? ) head. Once, and only once, did I venture 
 to look out from this haven of rest, and then a Southern gentleman be- 
 hind that memorable stone wall took the cap oft my head with a bullet 
 from his rifle. God only knows where that cap went, for I never look- 
 ed for it again. After this a bullet lodged in my knapsack, which was 
 exposed above the wheel- hub. The old spokes of the wheel were all 
 knocked out. In fact, the members of the opposition behind the wall 
 shot off their guns at everything within range until they got tired, and 
 the line of blue coats was so still that there seemed to be no life in it. 
 Some few were crowded behind a brick house a short distance off. 
 These were the only men who appeared to be alive, and towards the last 
 all their energies were apparently devoted to keeping under cover of 
 the house. 
 
 " Just ali this time a new danger appeared in our rear. A green reg- 
 iment, over whose backs -we marched into the flght that morning, 
 opened flre on the -enemy, as they thought, but their range was too low, 
 and the bullets from their guns were striking along our position and 
 flnishing the work of destruction. My place of shelter and that be- 
 hind the house was open and exposed to this fusillade. One of the flrst 
 bullets fired by this regiment'oaught in the hollow of my right shoe 
 and tore oft the heel. This was the only damage done me by these 
 blundering volleys, but many of our men were killed by the shots from 
 behind. The knowledge that a fellow is between two fires is not 
 pleasant, and for nearly three long miserable hours we waited for night 
 to relieve us from our awkward position. It was by this fire from the 
 rear that our gallant adjutant was damaged in the way I have men- 
 tioned. 
 
 "When darkness came on, the few who had strength enough to move 
 crawled down to the city. A tall old veteran, who had followed Gen- 
 
56 
 
 eral Soott through Mexico and who was then a member of my company, 
 was the only man in my immediate neighborhood whom I could rec- 
 ognize as belonging to the regiment of 218 men who faced the heights 
 that morning. We brought out the colors, and by rolling and creeping 
 succeeded in reaching shelter under the brick walls of the town, Nearly 
 two and a half years after, when Lee'ra army stacked arms for the last 
 time, I asked him What was the hottest place he ever was in, and he re- 
 plied, without a moment's hesitation, 'Fredericksburg.' That night while 
 old Mike and I were preparing to have some supper, near the corner of 
 Princess Ann and Caroline streets, I put my right hand in my haver- 
 sack to get some crackers, and upon examining the handful brought 
 out we found the bullet which had caused the first tug at my side that 
 morning. This discovery led Mike to remark : ' Better have it in your 
 hand than where you are putting that hard tack and coffee.' " 
 
 " A surgeon who served in this battle informed the writer re- 
 cently that the wounded here received the worst wounds he saw 
 during the whole war, that is they were lacerated more." 
 
 As we left Fredericksburg behind, the country improved. 
 There was more cultivation and better soil. The train bowled 
 along rapidly and the boys began to congratulate themselves 
 upon a speedy arrival at their destination, when "Whirr! 
 Great ! Siz-z-z ! " went the brakes, and we halted. A irain was 
 ahead of us. The track being single, there were serious objec- 
 tions to trying the experiment of passing this train without 
 hunting a siding. One was found, and another wait occurred. 
 Again the " Brigade " foraged, this time succeeding in obtaining 
 some large " cat-tails " which subsequently broke up and gave 
 their owners a decidedly flufify appearance. A freight and a 
 passenger train passed, and again we got under way. This wait 
 was not without its compensations, for, attracted by the music 
 which the band struck up at the halt, we saw five white women, 
 at one fell swoop, in one spot, They were not pretty, but they 
 were much more so than the prevailing homeliness which we 
 had thus far noticed in Virginia. 
 
 The next stop was at Milford, a victualling station, where an 
 excellent meal can be had for seventy-five cents. Here we were 
 met by a Committee of our prospective hosts. Phil. Kearny 
 
57 
 
 Post, G. A. R., was represented by its genial Commander, Com- 
 rade B. C. Cook. The Committee from Robert E. Lee Camp of 
 Confederate Veterans, dressed in grey uniforms with plumed 
 slouch hats, were : Second Lieut. Commander A. F. Minor, 
 Officer of the Day, J. B. McKenney, and Comrades E. H. Fox, 
 Wm. H. Dean and M. Angle. They gave the "Brigade "ahearty 
 welcome and pinned to each one's breast a beautiful badge of 
 snowy silk, with the following legend printed thereon in red 
 and blue ink, the whole presenting a pretty blending of the na- 
 tional colors : " New Jersey." "E. E. Lee Camp No. 1, C.'V." 
 ". PhU, Kearny Post No. 10, G. A. R." " Lincoln Post No. 11, 
 G. A. R." " Virginia." " Richmond, Oct. 16, 1883." 
 
 After exchanging greetings, all hands climbed aboard, and 
 with a cheer and music we started on the last " stretch " for 
 Richmond. As the train entered the famous Confederate cap- 
 ital, from the windows of the factories and dwellings a cordial 
 welcome was waved by the colored people. Indeed, the recep- 
 tion of the " Brigade " by the colored population was one con- 
 tinued ovation. Of the arrival of the " Brigade " the Richmond 
 Whig says : 
 
 " At 10 o'clock, A. M., the Kiohmond Light Infantry Blues, command- 
 ed by Capt. Pizzini ; Phil. Kearny Post No 10, G. A, B. (Capt. Cook), 
 and B. E. Lee Camp No. 1, Confederate Veterans (Capt. 'Williams), 
 went to the Byrd street station to receive their guests, many of whom 
 are so kindly remembered by the Confederates who visited New Jersey 
 in 1882, who were to arrive at 11.40 a. m., having left Washington at 8 
 o'clock. On arriving at Quantico, the train having the visitors on 
 board proved to be too lieavy for the locomotive of the Bichmond, 
 Fredericksburg and Potomac Eoad, and the train was divided. Hence 
 the Newark gentlemen were delayed about two hours, all of which 
 time the Bichmond troops remained at the station in waiting. "When 
 the 11.40 train came in sight a salute was fired, which had to be re- 
 peated when the 1 o'clock train, bearing the strangers, came. At the 
 station the visitors filed out of the train, and passing along the line of 
 Bichmond soldiers raised their hats, and a yoU announced that the 
 " Blue and the Grey " were one in Bichmond. 
 
 The line of the parade was up Eighth street, in the order following : 
 A platoon of police under Capt. Parator, of the Second Police Station ; 
 
58 
 
 Voelker's full brass band ; Biohmond Light Infantry Blues ; K. E. Lee 
 Camp, Confederate Veterans ; Phil Kearny Post No. 10, G. A. E. ; Ha- 
 bersang's band (17 pieces) ; Newark citizens ; Lincoln Post drum corps 
 (17 pieces) ; and, finally, the Lincoln Post. 
 
 The procession moved to Main street, down Main to Governor, up 
 Governor to the Executive Mansion, passing through the yard of the 
 Mansion into the Capitol Square. The Governor being in Washington 
 City, of course, could not welcome the Post, as was anticipated. From 
 the square the parade was continued up Grace and Franklin and then 
 down Broad to Ssenger Halle (Seventh street}, where the guests par- 
 took of refreshments, and were received by Mayor W. C. Carrington, 
 who delivered an address of welcome." 
 
 Up to this point, candor compels us to state that the " Bri- 
 gade " was somewhat disappointed with its reception,- Not a 
 National flag was to be seen, save upon the Headquarters of 
 the Richmond Camp and Post. The houses were closed and 
 but few white men and white women were upon the streets. 
 An army of negroes hemmed the procession in, and constantly 
 cheered, vigorously and enthusiastically. The " bells " upon 
 the drums of the Drum Corps were a never failing source of 
 pleasure to these simple people, and the old tunes '■ Carry me 
 back to Ole Varginny '' and " Swannee River " also elicited wild 
 applause every time. 
 
 Mayor Carrington's speech of welcome threw a flood of light 
 upon the apparent strangeness of the reception of the visitors. 
 In a ringing address, which we regret that we are unable to re- 
 produce here, the Mayor welcomed the "Brigade" to the 
 "hearts and homes of the people of Richmond." He s.%id that 
 the visitors must not deem their reception cool nor strange. It 
 was the custom of the country. Flags were little used, and it 
 was not etiquette to be on the streets to witness a parade. As 
 Mayor of Richmond he bade the citizens welcome, and tendered 
 them the freedom of the city, persuaded that they would not 
 abuse the trust. The old days had passed away, and we were 
 all one people, one brotherhood, and one flesh. It is right that 
 this should be so. Our brotherhood was cemented in blood. 
 The mistakes of a century had been corrected, sectionalism was 
 
59 
 
 done away with and one palse beat through all the Nation, and 
 there is but one hope and one sentiment, that the Nation may 
 grow, prosper and increase. 
 
 The "Brigade" lustily cheered Mayor Carrington and his 
 speech. 
 
 Commander Mulcahey responded briefly and pleasantly to 
 His Honor the Mayor, and then- introduced Mr. Joseph Coult 
 of Newark who, on behalf of the guests of Lincoln Post said : 
 
 "Mk. Mayor and Gentlemen: — On behalf of the Comrades 
 of Lincoln Post and the citizens of Newark who accompafiied 
 them on this visit to your city I desire to respond to the cordial 
 greeting given us, and to the generous and patriotic sentiments 
 so eloquently expressed by the Mayor. 
 
 Could you have witnessed the great outpouring of our 
 people, filling one of the principal streets of our city, and observed 
 the enthusiasm they manifested as they bade us "God speed" 
 on this journey, you would not need to be assured that I do 
 not misrepresent the feeling which exists at our homes, when I 
 say that we come from them to you with our hearts fuU of 
 fraternal love ; that we have put away forever all the bitterness 
 engendered by the strife and conflict of the past, all memory of 
 our former dispute and divisions, and that we remember now, 
 only that we are citizens of one country, members of one body, 
 that we have now the same interests, the same aspirations, and 
 the same hopes, that we are now again marching under the 
 same flag and keeping step to the same music, — the music of 
 the Union. 
 
 The Mayor has well said that we are no longer divided by 
 a " bloody chasm ". No, Gentlemen, thank God we are not, but 
 that we stand side by side, shoulder to shoulder, as citizens of 
 one proud, prosperous and peaceful nation, a nation ranking 
 am ong the first powers of the world. 
 
 We come, Mr. Mayor and Gentlemen, to accept and enjoy 
 the hospitahty you tender us freely, a hospitality for which you 
 have ever been distinguished, and of which we have the earnest 
 abeady. 
 
 We come in the hope and with the belief, that our visit will 
 more firmly cement and unite together the organizations of 
 which you and we form a part, and the cities and states which 
 we represent. 
 
 We come as Jerseymen, proud of our little Commonwealth, 
 
60 
 
 proud of her history and proud of her present prosperous con- 
 dition — as citizens of Newark, teeming with busy industries 
 and rapidly advancing in wealth and population. 
 
 We come as citizens of the Eepublic, to share with you in 
 the glory of Virginia ; Virginia vast in territory, great in 
 resources, but greater than all in the long roll of her historic 
 names, the names of sons who made her so distinguished among 
 the states that she was called " the mother of Presidents ". 
 
 Thus coming, Mr. Mayor, to accept from you the freedom 
 of your City, and from your Citizens the pledge of their kind 
 offices we promise you that we shall enjoy ourselves right 
 heartily." 
 
 The " Brigade " were royally treated by their gallant hosts, 
 and after luncheon were escorted to Ford's Hotel, and with 
 many and earnest expressions of good will the latter left their 
 guests to become domiciled. 
 
 This was no small task. The hotel clerks were utterly un- 
 able to stem the tidal rush of a hundred and eighty-nine men, 
 all anxious for the best rooms in the house. It was here that 
 Comrade "Tom" Seaman came out strong. He- went to the 
 rescue. Waving the clerks gently aside, he seized the pen, 
 squared the register before him and " roomed " all the boys. 
 There were plenty of rooms and everybody was suited. Two 
 members of the " Brigade " " chummed ", and occupied each 
 room. This just suited them, although it bothered the colored 
 chambermaids a little, to furnish a sufficient amount of water 
 pitchers and other furniture. 
 
 Just here let us say that the entertainment afforded by 
 Ford's was entirely satisfactory. There was a little growling 
 because no flag was hoisted over the hotel at first, but Mr. Ford 
 borrowed one and hoisted it, and that "point" was settled. 
 
CHAPTER V. 
 
 HOSPITABLE VIRGINIANS. 
 
 PLEASING EXCHANGE OF COTTRTESIES. EETUEN OF SPOILS 
 OF WAR. 
 
 Now, good aigestion wait on appetite 
 AaU health on both. 
 
 Machetl). 
 
 Now civil wounds are stopped, peace lives again ; 
 That she may long live here, God say— Amen. 
 
 King Slchara UT. 
 
 Early on the evening of the arrival of the "Brigade" in 
 Kichmond, (Oct. 16th), the word was passed to eat a light mfeaL 
 as there was a banquet prepared by the Camp and Post for their 
 guests. In due course the command was given to " fall in ! " 
 and the " Brigade " got under way. Escorted by their hosts, 
 the visitors marched to Saengers' Halle where an elegant feast 
 was in readiness. The entire hall, together with the stage at 
 one end was filled with tables, laden with dehcacies. After 
 being seated the visitors were welcomed and bidden to enjoy 
 themselves. The invitation was heartily responded to, and for 
 an hour little was heard save the clatter of an army of knives 
 and forks. The hosts constituted themselves a corps of waiters, 
 and -jvith their own hands served their guests with royal 
 munificence. The menu was printed on the back of Confederate 
 notes, and was as follows : 
 
62 
 
 E. E. liEE CAMP, PHIL. KEAKNET POST, 
 
 No. 1, C. V. No. 10, G. A. E. 
 
 BANQUET 
 
 to 
 
 LINCOLN POST No. 11, G. A. B., 
 
 Seenger Halle, 
 
 BicHMOKD, Va., Oct. 16th, 1883. 
 
 BILL OF FARE 
 
 FISH. . 
 
 Kookflsh, Boiled Egg Sauce. 
 
 OYSTBBS. 
 
 Fried Virginia Style. 
 
 KOAST. 
 
 Tenderloin of Beet. Chicken. 
 
 OOLD DISHES. 
 
 Beet Tongue. Spiced Beef. 
 Virginia Ham. Roast Shoat, 
 
 VEOETABLES. 
 
 Sliced Tomatoes. 
 
 EELISHES. 
 
 Potato Salad. Cold Slaw. 
 Cucumber Picli;les. Beet Pickles. 
 
 DESSERT. 
 
 Assorted Fancy Cakes. 
 Cream Puffs. Apples. 
 
 After these good things were disposed of, " the flow of soul " 
 began. In bumpers of punch, lusty and toothsome, the friends 
 pledged each other. 
 
 The first toast was given by Lieut. Commander Minor, who 
 proposed " New Jersey ! " The toast was drank with round 
 after round of applause, showing that the little State occupies a 
 warm spot in the hearts of Virginians. 
 
 Judge J. Frank Fort responded. He said : 
 
G3 
 
 " I congratulate myself, Veterans of the Confederate Army, 
 members of Lincoln Post, and Gentlemen, upon the compliment 
 of your call to speak to the toast " New Jersey to Virginia. " 
 This is historic ground. The City of Richmond is filled with 
 interest, and the soil of old Virginia is covered over with the 
 records of the patriotic exploits, sufferings and triumphs of our 
 ancestors. We are a people of a common language, a common 
 glory, and a common destiny. 
 
 No two states in the Union have more of patriotic inspiration 
 and achievement commingled, than the "Old Dominion" and the 
 "Little Jerseys". Independence was secured on the soil of 
 these states by the united action of both, and all the Colonjes. 
 It is true that Mount Vernon is yours, Monticello, the home of 
 Jefferson, is yours ; Yorktown, at which just 102 years ago to- 
 night the last great effort of Cornwallis to break the lines of the 
 Union besiegers failed and the success of the Colonies was 
 - assured ; yes, Yorktown is yours. Side by side all these, New 
 Jersey can claim that Princeton is hers, Trenton is hers, Mon- 
 mouth, is hers, and hers to bear the spot where at Valley Forge 
 the great son of Virginia lay with an heroic army, — ^Virginians 
 andJerssy-men, — through such a winter, and such privation 
 and suffering as never man or army saw before. 
 
 Shall these facts as I stated them stand, that some are yours 
 and some are ours? No. In those days our fathers knew no 
 divisions of the glories and triumphs ; they were all Virginia's, 
 all New Jersey's, shedding an equal lustre upon each of the 
 Colonies. 
 
 The war over and independence secured, Virginia and New 
 Jersey were found still together. The great questions of mutual 
 trade and protection were considered, and Virginia with a view 
 to open up a highway across the Colonies through the trackless 
 forests, roadless mountains, and impassable streams, asked a 
 conference of states at Annapolis in 1786 to consider these 
 questions in order that they might be promoted at the general 
 expense, in the interests of a closer and more effective trade 
 and defence. But five states answered this call, but New Jer- 
 sey's sons met Virginia's at her asking and tendered their money 
 and their men, to aid in establishing this closer relation. So few 
 States appeared at this conference that it was deemed wise to 
 not act until all could come together, and it was there under- 
 stood, and resolutions thus adopted, that Virginia should return 
 home and under the advice of this conference ask through her 
 Grovernor a convention of States to establish a more perfect 
 
a4 
 
 federal union in the interests of trade, defence and government. 
 It was done. Eight royally did Virginia do it. As soon as her 
 assembly could be convened she passed resolutions for the con- 
 vention, and elected as her representatives to it, with others, 
 Edmund Eandolph her Governor, GeorgeWashington and James 
 Madison. Notification of this act was sent by Virginia to every 
 state, and the first to respond and select a similar delegation was 
 New Jersey. At the cradle of the Republic, Virginia and New 
 Jersey were at either side guarding the infant "Liberty", the 
 chUd of the whole people. 
 
 Not only in patriotic action were Virginia and New Jersey 
 allied, but in educational provisions and progress. Long before 
 the revolutionary days there was a striking similarity. Over 
 -two centuries ago, soon after William and Mary overthrew the 
 dynasty of the Stuarts and ascended the British throne, bring- 
 ing with them better days, and considerate treatment for the 
 Colonies, Virginia applied for, and obtained the charter of 
 -William and Mary College, named in the honor of the Sovereign 
 King and Queen granting it. At this college were educated the 
 men who were greatest in the days of the founding of the 
 Republic. It was the second college established in the Colonies. 
 The same spirit that led your people to seek to improve the 
 culture of the youth of your State, animated ours, who were con- 
 stituted of many of the same nationality and religion, to apply 
 to WiUiam III. for a charter for our comnionly termed Prince- 
 ton College, but correctly named " Nassau Hall " in honor of the 
 family of the king gi-anting the charter which had its rising in 
 the Great William the Silent, Prince of Orange, who so heroic- 
 ally laid the foundation of the independence of the United 
 Netherlands. None can measure the effect of the friendly 
 attitude of these two coUeges, and of the power thej' exerted to 
 producs that remarkable harmony and concert of action that 
 always rested, above all other Colonies, between Virginia and 
 New Jersey. All hail William and Mary! all hail Nassau Hall ! 
 fountain heads of liberty and union in the days of our fathers, 
 may your children, and your children's children to the last 
 generation drink anew the old and patriotic inspiration of liberty 
 and union ! 
 
 Virginia and New Jersey are not only bound together by 
 commingled patriotic action in the past, and similarity of 
 educational training, but by another tie which has always 
 existed and still does exist, — the material interests of each, enter- 
 ing in the other. Broadly speaking, New Jersey is a manufaotur- 
 
65 
 
 ing state, Virginia an agricultural one, although of late years 
 Virginia has started upon a promising and advanced position 
 among the manufacturing states of the Union. 
 
 The cotton growing states of the Union raise 5,750,000 bales 
 per year, chiefly produced in Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, 
 Texas, Tennessee, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Nqrth and South 
 Carolina. The capital invested in cotton manufactories in this 
 country is $208,000,000. Of this, Massachusetts has $72,000,000, 
 Rhode Island $28,000,000, Connecticut $20,000,000, New Hamp- 
 shire $19,000,000, Maine $15,000,000, New York $11,000,000 
 and New Jersey and Maryland about $4,000,000 each. By 
 these figures it will be seen, that $191,000,000 of the total 
 Capital is employed in these nine States. These same States 
 consume in their manufactories 1,291,000 bales of cotton and 
 as the statistics show, within 270,000 bales of all the raw mater- 
 ial used in the cotton factories of this Country. It gives em- 
 ployment to 155,000 of our operatives; who are paid the 
 munificent sum of $38,000,000 of wages per annum. We 
 exchange our capital for your products, and support on the one 
 hand the laborer, and on the other, add to the profits of the 
 capitalist and advance the ready cash to the producer for the 
 raw material. 
 
 I may be pardoned for a suggestion at this point, which may 
 be considered somewhat foreign to the subject. You will no 
 doubt ask yourselves the question, what becomes of the 4,000^000 
 bales of cotton grown as you have been shown, and which is un- 
 consumed by the manufacturers of this country ? The answer to 
 this is, it goes abroad. Is it carried in American Ships ? Would 
 we could say it was. I am not in favor of subsidies, as the 
 common expression goes, but I am in favor of a more hvely 
 activity ip. American Commerce. Every ship that steams the sea 
 under foreign flags carries in her hull more or less of the 
 cotton products of this Countrj'. This should not be. Ameri- 
 can products of farm and manufactory should be carried under 
 the flag of the Union in vessels builded and owned by American 
 capital either private or national. Shall we live to see it ? Let 
 us hope so and that right early. 
 
 But to return. The tobacco interest is another illustration. 
 The tobacco crop of the Country is about 472,000,000 of pounds. 
 Of this, Kentucky raises 171,000,000 pounds and Virginia 
 80',000,000, or over one half of the whole tobacco crop is raised 
 in these two states. Allowing that the average price per pound 
 in the loaf is 17 cents, it will give as the annual value of the 
 
66 
 
 yield $80,240,000. Six of the manufacturing states I have 
 named, pay for tobacco for consumption in their business, 
 128,500,000 per annum, or over one third of the total value of 
 the whole crop. Kentucky and Virginia get at least the half of 
 this sum if not more. New Jersey stands second in the tobacco 
 manufacturing states in the Union, and paid for the raw material 
 last year to the producers upwards of $4,200,000. . Let me 
 give one other illustration of the unity of material interests, 
 Virginia raises about 29,000,000 of bushels of corn, about 
 8,000,000 of wheat and about 5,500,000 of oats, beside othe? 
 grains. She has 1460 grist mills in which she grinds of her own 
 product about 13,000,000 of bushels per annum, and she sells 
 the ground product chiefly to us, and it realizes to her husband- 
 men and millers, the munificent sum of $12,300,000 per year. 
 With us is the Capitalist, and the manufactories of these, Vir- 
 ginia supplies with the materials for the employment of their 
 operatives and she likewise grows the provision to support the 
 laborer and his family, in consideration of the payment to her, 
 for her prodacts, of the wages of labor earned in the manufac- 
 turing and preparing of her raw material for the markets of the 
 world. AU these interests of trade bind us together anew. In 
 Union we have one government, one unvarying system of laws, 
 with freedom from the customs officer and tariff duties in inter- 
 state commerce, the same circulating medium, uniform banks 
 of deposit, the same system of money exchanges, and all those 
 conveniences and advantages which conflicting laws and 
 diverging interests in independent governments never 
 produce. All these considerations combine to unite us as an 
 indissoluble union of indestructible states which no hand shall 
 ever sever and no state desire to tear down. The union of our 
 fathers is our union, made all the more permanent by the grow- 
 ing necessities, and increasing glories of the mighty Republic. 
 
 In the early days of our nationality the commerce of the 
 Country ran with its views. North and South. Not so now. No 
 longer does the great Mississippi, and your own James, carry 
 the traffic of the states. The movement of freight has changed. 
 It now crosses the continent east and west, by the miles of 
 railway that bind us together by riveted bars of iron and steel. 
 Your products go by rail to New York or New Orleans, across 
 the boundaries of states as if no such existed, to be transported 
 over the ssas to bring back to you the fruits of your husbandry 
 and labor. 
 
 In the cemetery just a little from where we are now speaking, 
 is the resting place of a Virginian of whom the state and the 
 
67 
 
 whole nation may well be proud. James Monroe gave us a 
 doctrine, that will live through all the ages, that the American 
 Nation must control the American Continent. There are no 
 issues dividing the people to-day. Politics hang like a loose gar- 
 ment on the shoulders of the citizen. This is to be the great 
 question of the future. No canal must run across the South 
 American Continent that the United States does not control. 
 It is only a question of time, when our flag will cover the whole 
 of North and South America. Mexico must soon be ours, and 
 Canada is ready to come. Aquisition of territory cannot but 
 benefit us. Look for a moment at the purchase of 1803. The 
 wisdom of Washington, Jefferson and Hamilton saw the rgsult 
 not in the then present, but the near future. For what is known 
 as the Louisiana purchase bought from Napoleon of France, 
 this Country paid in cost and debt assumed, but $15,000,000. 
 By the last census the value of improved agricultural land in the 
 states and territories now constituting that purchase, which does 
 not embrace two-thirds of the whole, is returned as two thousand 
 millions of dollars. We can well desire to broaden our borders, 
 and sweep in the great expanse of territory adjacent to us, and 
 that is not an improbable day, when from the South American 
 Cape to, and including the Canadian British dominions, all shall 
 be under one flag with a common interest and destiny. 
 
 It has not been my purpose to extol Virginia or New Jersey, 
 but to simply recite facts. With' all these great industries and 
 products that I have shown, Virginia and New Jersey are but 
 drops in the bucket in this great union of states. Virginia has 
 40,000 of square miles of territory. New Jersey only 8006, and 
 the two together have less than one sixty-third part of the total 
 area of the states and territories. Our nation sweeps from sea 
 to sea and from the gulf to the great lakes. It has 3,000,000 of 
 square miles of territory and produces 2,000,000,000 of bushels 
 of com, 460,000,000 of wheat, 410,000,000 of oats, 50,000,000 
 barley and 20,000,000 of rye, supplying therewith the surplus 
 needs of the world and all our domestic necessities. Who 
 woiild wish to sever a country like this ; and who can depict the 
 future of our nation and the glory of the proud title of an 
 American Citizen ? New Jersey as a proud member otthis great 
 sisterhood of states greets Virginia as of , yore, and if Virginia 
 during the past twenty years, could rise, from the calamities 
 and waste that e^truc-k her, confiscating her property and desola- 
 ting her homes, to such remarkable and grand progress in 
 mechanical and agricultural industries as we have seen, what 
 niiiy we not expect of her in the years to come, with harmony 
 
68 
 
 among all the states, and mutual good will and aid in eveiar 
 branch of industrial pursuits? 
 
 Let New Jersey and Virginia strike hands to-night as in the 
 days of our fathers, renewing again the pledge of fealty and 
 devotion to each other, and to a common KepubUc, as it wa,9, 
 and is, and ever shall be. Cannot and shall not this all be, in 
 memory of the boys who wore the gray, that lay on the one side 
 of this great city, and of those, who wore the blue that rest 
 upon the other, who have fought their last fight, won their last 
 great battle, and of whom we can say to-night in this hour of 
 returned peace and nationaUty 
 
 " On fame's eternal camping ground 
 Their silent tents are spread ; 
 While glory guards, with solemn round, 
 The bivouac of the dead. " 
 
 This speech, at once so interesting, deservedly complimentary 
 and instructive, awakened the greatest enthusiasm, so that when 
 the second toast was proposed, it was received with salvos of 
 applause. It was " Virginia ! " 
 
 Major C. S. Stringfellow, of Richmond, responded. He caught 
 the attention of his audience at once, and held it throughout. 
 His address was extemporaneous, which unfortunately prevents 
 its reproduction in f uU. It was a manly, clear cut, ringing 
 speech, which did the speaker credit and his listeners honor. 
 Among other things he said : 
 
 "Virginia clasps hands with New Jersey. Standing in the 
 street as your procession passed by, and as your Band started 
 the tune " Carry me back to Ole Virginny," I said ' I am glad 
 these gentlemen came with canes instead of muskets.' 
 (Applause.) At Big Bethel, you shot badly, but at Appomattox 
 you improved wonderfully. (Laughter.) I am glad to see the 
 blue alive. The old grey jacket is as silent as the cause its 
 wearer served at the cannon's mouth. When I saw the blue, 
 and the old flag floating so proudly over your ranks, the feeling 
 of American pride surged through me. I am glad that I am 
 able to say that we are citizens of one common country. When 
 I scan the pages of the splendid past, I rejoice in my ability to 
 say : " I too, am an American citizen.'-' (Cheers.) 
 
 " There is a similitude between law and war. War is the 
 
(39 
 
 higher law, demanding higher determination, ■ higher courage, 
 higher sacrifice. War is not so detestable as men would have us 
 beheve. A nation which has not passed through the fieiy ordeal 
 of war knows not of the sacrifice, the heroism, the patriotism 
 which mark and make the nobler citizen; it cannot have a 
 place among the nations which have been tried as by fixe. 
 When a nation has passed through civil war and safely emerged 
 therefrom, its citizens have a broadness of thought, a fiiUness of 
 perception they never before dreamed of. Such a war as 
 burs, enables the citizen of a state, to look beyond the confines 
 of his own state and section, and vsdth sharpened vision see the 
 grandeur and magnificence of the whole broad country. He 
 can then see how his coimtry may take aU peoples of all climes 
 to her broad bosom and become a common mother to every 
 one. (Cheers.) See what war has vnrought for us. There is 
 no more North, no more South, no more East, no more West, 
 but North, South, East and West, are keeping step to the music 
 of one grand Union. We aU can say with one accord : 
 
 " Thou too, sail on, O Ship of State ! 
 
 Sail on, O Union, strong and great ! 
 
 Humanity vsrith all its fears. 
 
 With all the hopes of future years, 
 
 Is hanging breathless on thy fate ! 
 
 We know what Master laid thy keel, 
 
 What Workman wrought thy ribs of steel. 
 
 Who made each mast, and sail, and rope, ■ 
 
 WTiat anvils rang, what hammers beat. 
 
 In what a forge and what a heat 
 
 Were shaped the anchors of thy hope ! 
 
 Fear not each sudden sound and shock, — 
 
 'Tis of the wave and not the rock ; 
 
 'Tis but the flapping of the sail. 
 
 And not a rent made by the gale ! 
 
 In spite of rock and tempest roar. 
 
 In spite of false Hghts on the shore. 
 
 Sail on, nor fear to breast the sea ! 
 
 Our hearts, our hopes, are aU with thee. 
 
 Our hearts, our hopes, our prayers, our tears, 
 
 Our faith triumphant o'er our fears. 
 
 Are all with thee, — are aU with thee !" 
 
 At the conclusion of Major StringfeUow's stirring and patriotic 
 address,- three times three, cheers were called for Virginia and 
 
70 
 
 New Jersey. They were given with a will. The patriotic 
 sounds rolled out over the City and became a living illustration 
 that citizens of one common country were fraternizing and 
 celebratiag the sweet victories of Peace. 
 
 The Band and Drum Corps played " Dixie " and " Yankee 
 Doodle ", and " Columbia the gem of the Ocean". 
 
 Comrade Charles F. Bowers of Post No. 1, of Newark, 
 handed an elegant morocco case to Comrade Edmund L. Joy. 
 This contained the saddle-bags captured by Captain Bowers at 
 the battle of Sailor's Creek. Messrs. T. B. Peddie & Co. man- 
 iifactured and presented to Lincoln Post a handsome case in 
 which the saddle-bags were placed. It was of red morocco, 
 and bore upon it in gilt letters the following: " Captured by 
 Capt. Charles F. Bowers at the battle of Sailor's Creek, Virginia, 
 April 6, 1865. Eetumed to original owner, W. N. Jones, by 
 Lincoln Post, No. 11, Dept. of N. J., G. A. E., at Richmond, Va., 
 October 16, 1883. " 
 
 Postmaster Ward, who is a Comrade of Lincoln Post, by cor- 
 respondence succeeded in tracing out the owner of the saddle- 
 bags. He, with Comrade Bowers, believed the return of the 
 bags would form an interesting feature of the visit of the 
 " Brigade ". Their reckoning was correct. It was one of the 
 principal features. Mr. Jones was on the platform in Ssenger 
 Halle. Col. E. L." Joy made an interesting address, in which 
 the closing scenes of the war about Petersburgh, were eloquent- 
 ly portrayed. He pictured the ilight of Mahone's Division, the 
 confusion, the appearance on the scene of Mr. Jones, then a 
 boy of fourteen years, the flight of the boy, who had been sent 
 from Richmond, Va., by his mother to relations in the 
 Confederate army, the boy throwing the saddle-bags into Gen. 
 Mahone's private baggage wagon to ease himself of the burden 
 and to make flight easier, the capture of the wagon by Comrade 
 Bowers and his command, the keeping of the bags until the 
 trip of the "Brigade" to Richmond, and the pleasure Comrade 
 Bowers took in returning the bags to their owner. 
 
 Mr. Walter N. Jones, now a man " bearded like the pard " re- 
 
71 
 
 ceived the saddle-bags. Comrade Bowers was called for. He 
 arose amid cheers, and in his dry manner, said he didn't see 
 any reason for all this " fuss ". He didn't do anything very 
 brave when he captured the bags. He said he saw them, after 
 the train was captured, and thought they would be useful 
 articles for campaigning purposes, so he took them. (Laughter.) 
 He was through with them, and was glad of it. He was also 
 glad to be able to return them to their owner. 
 
 Mr. Jones received the bags with gratitude. He said that he 
 will hand them down to his children, as a present iUustrstion 
 that the men who handled them, while once engaged in deadly 
 conflict, could, and did, when that conflict was over, shake 
 hands as brothers. It should be taught to his children's chil- 
 dren, that the people of this nation are members of a common 
 brotherhood. He urged the men of the north to " send us 
 some of your energies and we will develop the country as it was 
 never developed." 
 
 On behalf of Lincoln Post, Comrade Simpson presented to 
 Lee Camp a handsome morocco autograph album, containing 
 the names of the " Brigade '', as well as those of Comrades of 
 Lincoln Post, unable to be present. Comrade Simpson said, 
 among other things : 
 
 " I am commanded by my Commander, to present this album 
 to men whom we esteem as brothers. Every name it contains 
 is the name of a man who is ever ready to extend tp you the 
 hand of friendship. If in the f ature we are caUed upon to de- 
 fend the Union, take these names, and call upon those who 
 bear them, to march with you, shoulder to shoulder." (Cheers.) 
 
 The album was received by Lieutenant Commander Minor of 
 Lee Camp, with an address of thanks. 
 
 On behalf of Lincoln Post, Comrade C. H. Benson presented 
 a similar album to Phil. Kearney Post. In performing this 
 pleasant duty, the Comrade said that he trusted that Phil. 
 Kearney Post will cherish the bearers of the names inscribed in 
 the album, as brothers and Comrades-in-Arms, and that when 
 the general assembly is beaten, and the last roll is called, that 
 
72 
 
 all may answer " Here ! " in the Grand Army above, wliere 
 God is Supreme Commander! 
 
 In the temporary absence of Commander Cook of Phil. 
 Kearney Post, the album was received by Comrade G. W. Jones 
 of that command. 
 
 Speeches were made by Mayor-elect Joseph E. Haynes of 
 Newark, Comrade Mueller of Hexamer Post, and by Col. Thos. 
 J. Ivins of Richmond, whose address was very humorous and 
 enjoyable. 
 
 An invitation was extended to the " Brigade ", to test the 
 hospitality of the Commercial Club, during their stay in Eich- 
 mond, which generous offer was accepted, and the boys enjoyed 
 many courtesies at the hands of that Club. 
 
 It was now midnight and the " Brigade " was tired out. They 
 had had little or no sleep since leaving Newark. The band 
 played " Auld Lang Syne ", good-night was spoken, and amidst 
 cheers the " Brigade " marched to the hotel and went into 
 Camp. 
 
CHAPTER VI. 
 
 DOING THE CITY. LIBBT PRISON. HOLLYWOOD CEMETERY. WABM 
 GKEETINGS EVERYWHERE. 
 
 Then walk we forth, fiven to the market place. 
 Let's all cry Peace 1 Freedom ! and Liberty ! 
 
 Julius CCBsar. 
 
 Eefreshed by a good nights rest, the " Bi^igade " arose early 
 on Wednesday morning, Oct. 17th, ate a hearty breakfast, and 
 were ready for a day of sightseeing. The City of Richmond 
 possesses many points of natural beauty, and the municipal and 
 State Governments have made the most of them. Everywhere 
 money has been lavishly but judiciously and wisely spent, in 
 grading, and landscape decoration, until the city and its en- 
 vironment, are as attractive as any in the land. In addition to 
 these natural and artificial attractions, the City is full of 
 localities invested by the war with world wide fame. To a 
 party of northern men, many of whom were veterans of the late 
 war, and some of whom were in the Confederate capital during 
 the struggle, — much to their sorrow at the time, — the city pos- 
 sesses a world of attraction. The "Brigade ", pressed into the 
 service all the carriages they could find, and from early morn- 
 ing until darkness put an end to their work, they gorged them- 
 selves with sight seeing. As there were so many points of 
 interest visited it will be possible, in this history, only to merely 
 mention most of them. In order to prove this, it will be only 
 
74 
 
 necessary to mention the places of interest in and around 
 Richmond : 
 
 Llbby Prison, 
 Jeff. Davis Mansion, 
 •3 M Oia Stone House, Washington's Head- 
 i ^ g quarters, 
 
 Tlie Capitol, ] _ . City Water Works, 
 
 Governor's Mansion, [ .§ § General Lee's Ecsidei 
 
 Stonewall Jackson Monument, | « |. Monumental Churcli, 
 
 Washington Monument, j " tc st. John's Church, 
 
 Henry Clay Monument, 
 
 State Library, 
 
 The original Statue of Washington 
 
 by Houdon, 
 
 Bust of Lafayette by Houdon, I g 'g Flouring Mills, 
 
 Bird's Eye View of the City from | '^ Tobacco Factories, 
 
 Dome, J Battle-fields around City, 
 
 Oakwood Cemetery, New African Church, 
 
 National Cemetery, Powhatan, place of rescue, by Pocahontas, 
 
 Gamble's HIU and View, of Capt. Jno . Smith, 
 
 Tredegar Iron Works, Tomb of Ex-Presirtent Monroe, 1 ^ . 
 
 Belle Island, Tomb of Ex-President Tyler, j g & 
 
 State Prison, Soldiers Monu'nt to Confederates, j. ^ S 
 
 New Reservoir, Grave of Gen, A . P. Hill, j 3 | 
 
 Monroe Park, Grave of Gen. J. E. B. Stuart. J *^ '-' 
 
 Richmond is no mean city. The population in 1870 was 
 51,038 ; in 1880, 64,670, or, in round numbers, 65,000, of which 
 the whites numbered 38,000 and the colored people 27,000. 
 Manchester, separated from Richmond by the James river, has 
 a population of 6,500. In 1880 there were in operation 702 
 manufacturing establishments, employing 16,932 hands, and 
 their sales amounted to $24,704,892, an excess over the year 
 previous of $1,218,243. The value of the real property was 
 $29,000,000 ; personal property, $10,000,000. Tobacco was the 
 leading item entering into manufactures, and iron and grain 
 next. Exports, $2,328,742 ; imports, $45,457. Number of ar- 
 rival of steamers, 590 ; of sailing vessels, 1,060. The river is 
 navigable from Richmond to the sea (124 miles) for vessels 
 drawing 16 feet of water. 
 
 The hotel at which the " Brigade " stopped overlooks the 
 Capitol and its grounds. The former is a very ordinary build- 
 ing, not at all worthy of so great a Commonwealth as Virginia 
 is. The edifice, however, is historic, and should never be 
 destroyed. Thomas Jefferson modeled it after an ancient Ro- 
 
75 
 
 man temple in France, although the model was not strictly- 
 adhered to. The corner stone was laid Aug. 18th, 1785. In 
 the building are the oldest state records in America. They are 
 continuous from the year 1620. A fine statue by Houdon, said 
 to. be a fac simile of the Father of his Country, adorns the 
 rotunda. This statue was made from models taken from casts 
 of Washington's head and body. A fine bust of Lafayette, also 
 by Houdon, is near the statue. An interesting relic is a stove, 
 made in England in 1770. It is an elegant affair seven feet 
 high and containing three stories. The waste of iron in its 
 construction would drive a modern stove maker mad. The 
 Senate Chamber was occupied by the Confederate House of 
 Eepresentatives. A fine picture of " The Stoi-ming of a Bedoubt 
 at Torktoum ", by Lami, an eminent French painter, presented to 
 the State by Mr. W. W. Corcoran, hangs on the wall opposite 
 the President's chair. A fine picture of General R. E. Lee, by 
 Elder, the talented Richmond artist, hangs on the wall opposite 
 the gallery. At the other end of the Capitol is the Hall of the 
 House of Delegates ; here the State Secession Convention met in 
 1861. Pictures of Chatham and Jefferson hang upon the walls. 
 April 27th, 1870, while the State Court of Appeals, sitting in its 
 room directly above this haU, was hearing the contested election 
 case of EUyson vh. Chahoon, the floor broke under the weight of 
 the great crowd and sixty-five men were killed, and two hundred 
 wounded by being precipitated into this hall ; the ceiling and 
 gallery of the court-room fell upon them, smothering in the 
 debris many who might have survived the fall. 
 
 The Chamber of the Confederate Senate was in the corner 
 now covered by the rooms of the Superintendents of Public In- 
 struction and Printing, Messrs. W. H. Ruffner and R. F. Walker. 
 The State Library has the largest and handsomest room in the 
 Capitol. Upon its shelves are 35,000 volumes, many rare and 
 valuable MSS. and a variety of objects of interest, among them 
 the following well worth inspection : 1. Speaker's Chair of the 
 House of Burgesses in Colonial times ; 2. Portraits of Govern- 
 ors in Colonial and later times ; 3. The very Parole given by 
 
76 
 
 Lord Cornwallis at Yorttown ; 4. Original MS. of the Virginia. 
 Bill of Eights— the first in America ; 5. The Lawyer's Fee Book 
 of Patrick Henry ; 6. Autograph of Washington at 17 years of 
 age, with specimens of his work as a Land Surveyor ; 7. Jeffer- 
 son's Marriage Bond ; 8. Specimens of Continental and Con- 
 federate money ; 9. MS. of Jackson's last dispatch. There is a 
 platform on the roof of the Capitol which may be reached with 
 safety. The view is good. It includes a complete view of 
 Kichmond and the city of Manchester, opposite, with ghmpses 
 of the highlands up the river ; the falls, the islands, Hollywood, 
 the five bridges which span the " noble James," the ships in the 
 harbor, the fertile fields, and " silent pines " on the opposite 
 shore, the river threading its way eastward until lost to sight 
 behind the battle-crowned heights at Drewry's Bluff ; and in 
 the distance the battle-fields of Fair Oaks (Seven Pines) Me- 
 chanicsville, &c., &c. 
 
 Skirting Capitol square are the Confederate Government 
 buildings, or such of them as were left standing after the burn- 
 ing of the city when the Confederates evacuated it. Jeff. 
 Davis' private office in the Custom House is now occupied by a 
 clerk of a U. S. Court. Near at hand is St. Paul's Church. Jeff. 
 Davis was at worship in this edifice on Sunday, April 2, 1865, 
 when a telegram was handed him. It informed him that Lee 
 had surrendered. He stayed not to hear the benediction 
 pronounced, but promptly skipped away. His residence and 
 that of Gen. E. E. Lee were visited. The Confederate "White 
 House ", afterward became the headquarters of the successive 
 mihtary Commanders of this District. An object of interest, on 
 Broad street is the " Monumental Church ". It was formerly a 
 theatre. On Dec. 26th, 1811 a fire occurred during a perform- 
 ance, and Gov. G. W. Smith and fifty nine others perished. A 
 monument in the portico gives the names of the victims. 
 
 We visited St. John's Church, built in 1740 and formerly used 
 as the Virginia State House. We sat in the very seat from 
 which Patrick Henry arose and delivered that ringing sentence 
 
77 
 
 iii 1775, " Give me liberty or give me death." The old-bailding 
 is maintained exactly as it existed at that time. 
 
 Libby Hill, a charming park, Chimborazo Hill, the former 
 site of the Confederate Hospitals, now a lovely park, were both 
 visited. 
 
 .. IVom the formei:, a magnificent view of the James'.iRiB^er. Val- 
 ley iaohtained..."'We stood there in the dusk ^oi- evenkcgj amd, 
 aided by the gathering shadows the imagination - ran j ffot.j It 
 was ea^ to transform the dark hulls of vessela in the. river, into 
 iron plated gun boats. Far away spread the battle/fields on 
 wirieh the Army of the Potomac so often failed sto reap the 
 victory it had nobly won. Here ' and there in the dim distance 
 solitary fires burned, and it was easy to imagine thEse to be the 
 camp fires of the old Sixth Corps. The darkness became 
 peopled with armies clad in blue. The rattle of camp equipage, 
 and of accoutrements was again heard.. > Away beyond the 
 sleeping camp we seem to hear: 
 
 "A mighty host behind, 
 
 And hear the tramp of thousands 
 
 Upon the hollow wind ! " 
 
 Near Libby HiU is the fine residence formerly.-.occupied by 
 " Dick " Turner, one of the infamous relatives, -whose cruelty 
 when masters of Libby Prison, drove so many of our brave boys 
 into untimely and unknown graves.^ We were • (informed that 
 when the Union army entered Eichmond, Turner wae-sought out, 
 and the halter was about his neck preparatory to hanging him 
 like-rthe dog he-was, when. his. worthless life was saved by a 
 Union officer. It was the mistake of the latter's Ufe. In such 
 detestation was Turner held that he was compelled to sell his 
 property in Richmond. He now lives in Norfolk, Va. 
 
 Another point of interest is Oakwood Cemetery where an 
 army of 16,000 Confederates are sleeping and a monument'of 
 chaste design and inscription tells their story. In this cemetery 
 
78 
 
 the Union Colonel, Ulric Dahlgren (son of Admiral Dahlgren), 
 who was killed in one of the "raids around Richmond," was in- 
 terred. His father made application to President Davis for the 
 return of the body under flag of truce, and thereupon men 
 were sent to open the grave, secure and deliver up the body. 
 It was, however, found by them, that the grave (on the eastern 
 slope of the cemetery) had been rifled. Eichmond friends of 
 young Dahlgren had come in the night and stolen the body 
 away. They carried it out to the country, buried it again, and 
 after the war delivered it to Admiral Dahlgren. 
 
 The northern visitor to Eichmond never fails to visit Libbt 
 Prison, the scene of indescribable suffering and torture for so 
 many Union soldiers. It was oonBtriicted for storage purj^oses, 
 and was before the war occupied by Libby & Co., ship chand- 
 lers. It is a large, square, rough brick structure. The Con- 
 federates used it mostly to . confine . -commissioned officers and 
 for the reception and registration., of. privates destined for An- 
 dersonviUe, Salisbury, and Belle Isle. In this way some 40,- 
 000 or 50,000 prisoners probably crossed its threshold. The 
 office of the commandant was at the -northeast comer. From 
 this prison, in February,, 186 4, one hundred and nine prisoners, 
 led by Colonel Streight, managed to escape. They got into the 
 basement and tunnelled under the east wall into the premises 
 adjoining, used for stable and storage purposes. More than 
 half of them were recaptured. The building is now used by 
 the Southern Fertilizing Company as a manufactory. 
 
 All the members of the "Brigade'.' visited this building.- 
 They were cotdially received by the present occupants, and were 
 conducted through the premises. Among the visitors- were 
 several Comrades who were prisoners here at some time during 
 the war. Their relation of incidents that occurred during their 
 imprlsontnaat, was interesting. The hole in the chimney, — now 
 plugged, — through which Col. A. D. Streight of Indiana and 
 his fellow prisoners escaped, and the tunnel below in the cellar 
 were examined with interest. The prison was on the second 
 floor. The ceiling is, low, and is supported by rough wooden 
 
79 
 
 posts. These are covered with names rudely cut into them by 
 the hapless prisoners. Comrade George W. Gilbert said, 
 " Boys, rU show you where a rebel guard fired at me. I be- 
 longed to the 90th Pennsylvania and was captured at the battle 
 of the Wilderness. The first day I was here, not knowing the 
 rules, I approached a window. There was no glass in the win- 
 dows, but they were barred as they are now. I put my hand 
 on one of the bars. Without a word of warning the guard fired 
 and his bullet struck a bar near my hand. I got away pretty 
 quick, you bet<ie5j.j3;^ieve. I'U show you where the bullet 
 struck." 
 
 And he did. The reminiscence was much more pleasant than 
 the experience. A loose door, for which it is said Barnum has 
 ineffectually offered large sums, stands against the wall. It is 
 carved full of names. A" few were copied and are as follows : 
 "E. Waxman, Co. F, 30th N. Y." ; "J. M. Cole, 30th N. Y." ; 
 "J. L. Mc, 10th Vol." ; "Wiii. t>. Doolittle, 30th N. Y. V."; "E. 
 B. Dawson, 33d N. J. Vols."; "C. MulhoUand, 21st Pa." 
 "Simon tBkunk, U. S. Navy, 1863"; "P.O.Connor"; "Kuth, 
 Co. D; 80th N. Y." 
 
 What memories those rudely carved names awakened ! The 
 misery and brutality to which the "owners of those names and 
 40,000 others were subjected, the punishment cell, so damp and 
 noisome that after ' a few weeks confinement the poor victim 
 emerged with beard "so covered with mold " writes an eye wit- 
 ness, '• that one could pluck a double handful from it;' men shot 
 down at the windows, for being unable to resist the temptation 
 to get a breath -of God's pure air, or peirhaps seeking death 
 there- rather than sfaffer longer the tortures of starvation and 
 unalleviated disease; the brave struggle against all and the willing- 
 ness to die if need be " for our dear country's sa;ke " rather than 
 fight against the flag they loved; the dead cart laden with poor 
 skeletons of men done to death, creaking on the rough pavement 
 to the trenches, where this precious humanity was ruthlessly 
 dumped as offal; these were the memories which thronged 
 through our minds, and we thanked God that " this cruel war is 
 
80 
 
 over," and that the men who fought us abhor 'these deeds as: 
 deeply as we do, or can. 
 
 Hollywood Cemetery was visited by nearly all of the " Bri- 
 gade.'' This is a beaiitif al spot. A massive pyramid of undres-' 
 sed James River granite 90 feet high stands as a monument to 
 the 12,000 Confederate dead buried around it. This monumfikt 
 was erected by the ladies of Richmond. Upon its four fstees 
 are the following mottoes : 
 
 "Erected by the Hollywood Memorial Association, A. D. 1869." 
 
 "Numini et Patriae Asto." 
 
 " To the Confederate Dead." 
 
 " Memoria in Aeterna." 
 
 The graves of the 12,000 lie all about this mqnument. Thfey 
 are marked only by wooden stakes. Just here let it be said 
 that the tenderness manifested for their dead by the people ,of 
 Richmond, is noteworthy and praiseworthy. t 
 
 On President's Hill, overlooking the river, are buried Presi- 
 dents Monroe and Tyler ; th^ grave of the latter has as yet no 
 stone to mark it. It is within 20 steps of Monroe's. A tomb of 
 iron and granite covers Monroe, who died in New York and was 
 disinterred and removed to Richmond in 1858. John Randolph, 
 of Roanoke, is also buried in this cemetery (his grave, covered 
 by an enduring tablet of granite, is on the farthest hill in the 
 cemetery, west of Monroe's tomb), as are Lieutenant- General A, 
 P. HiU, who was in the last thoughts of both Lee and Jackson ; 
 Major-General George E. Pickett, who led the charge of the 
 Virginia Division at Gettysburg ; General J. E. B. Stuart, the 
 famous cavalryman ; Commodore M. P. Maury, '"'the pathfinder 
 of the seas"; Henry A. Wise, celebrated as Governor and 
 General ; Thomas Ritchie, founder of the " Enquirer " and 
 "Father of the Democratic Party"; John R. Thompson, the 
 poet ; Generals W. H. Stevens and John Pegram ; John M. 
 
81 
 
 Daniel, the aggressive editor of ' the " Examiner " during the 
 ■war; and hundreds of others who were well known in the State. 
 The grounds contain 87 acres, and are pronounced lovely by all 
 who visit them. They are on a high hill, or rather series of hUls 
 overlooking the river. Malny of the trees are of original growth, 
 oaks and evergreen holly being prominent. There are numerous 
 handsome private monuments and vaults and elegantly kept 
 sections. 
 
 Gen. Pickett lies on Gettysburg Hill, surrounded by the 
 bodies of the Virginia Division. He led them at Gettysburg, 
 and fell with them on that fatal field. A. confederate veteran 
 with us was asked why a monument is not erected over the 
 dead. He replied: "We are too poor now. Pickett needs no 
 monument. There he lies, surrounded by his devoted Division, 
 the proudest monument a man could have." 
 
 The State Penitentiary is within ten minutes' drive of the 
 cemetery. Through the courtesy of Capt. Ashley we inspected 
 it. The high walls at once indicate that it is a prison. It went 
 into operation March 29, 1800, and has suffered from fires on 
 several -occasions. At the evacuation, the PubUc Guard having 
 been vrithdrawn from the city with the Confederate troops, the 
 prisoners broke out, and a mob of ruffians broke in for purposes 
 of robbery, and the buildings were fired, and several of them 
 destroyed. When Aaron Burr was on trial for treason at Rich- 
 mond before Chief-Justice Marshall, he was confined in the 
 Penitentiary in one of the rooms set apart for the Superinten- 
 dent's use. There are usually about 600 prisoners within the 
 walls and nearly as many more on the public works. 
 
 The Allan mansion where Edgar Allan Poe was reared; the 
 " Old Stone House," said to have been Washington's headquar- 
 ters were both visited. A colored brother showed us " Ginral " 
 Washington's parlor in the latter. It may have been. If it was, 
 we don't admire the taste in parlors of the P. of his C. The 
 same " brother " said an adjoining room was the one in which 
 Sir Walter Raleigh -svas tried. We gave him a reproachful look 
 
82 
 
 and a quarter, — and left. The house is old enough, however, 
 to be anything, and dirty enough to be a pig stye. 
 
 An account of a visit of Lincoln Post Drum Corps to several 
 points of interest mil suffice for a sample of the enjoyment of 
 the whole " Brigade." Says Corporal Harry W. Birrell of the 
 Drum Corps : 
 
 " The Drum Corps attached to the Post were handsomely enter- 
 tained. On their arrival at Eichmond they were met at the depot by 
 Harry T. Sohlossef, the youngest member of the Confederate Camp, who 
 was deputed to receive and entertain them. It ever there was a right 
 man in the right place it was on this occasion, for so well did this gen- 
 tleman look after the guests that he tenderly endeared himself to the 
 hearts of all. That their music was good and appreciated will be seen 
 by the invitations received to visit and serenade in the largest manu- 
 factories in Virginia, where hundreds of employees are engaged, and 
 which entailed the loss of hundreds of dollars in time. The first visit 
 was to the extensive cigarette factory of Ailing & Ginter, where some 
 500 young ladies are engaged in the different processes of making cigar- 
 ettes. After a careful tour of inspection of each department they per- 
 formed on each of the three floors of the building, and in return the 
 lq,dies sang very sweetly for their visitors. On their departure the latter 
 were each presented with a package of cigarettes, a paper of smoking 
 tobacco and a set of picture cards of the firm. After the serenade the 
 firm closed the factory for the remainder of the day and gave the em- 
 ployees a holiday. The next visit was to the large tobacco manufactory 
 of P. H. Mayo & Brother, where some 400 colored men, women and 
 children are employed in the different branches. They supply the 
 United States Navy with all its navy plug chewing tobacco. After some 
 music by the Drum Corps the employees sang some of their Southern 
 melodies, and their singing was far superior to our minstrel singing. In 
 point of melody and harmony it was unsurpassed. Just imagine the 
 singing of between 300 and 400 Southern darkies. Even the little ones, 
 still clinging to their mother's skirts, are found singing with all the 
 gusto of the elder ones. With all the tobacco lying about no one is 
 found chewing or smoking. 
 
 The next point of interest was Belle Isle, which was so famous a 
 place during the war, whither prisoners were transported from Libby 
 Prison, and where the Confederate guns and ammunition were manu- 
 factured, and which still contains many relics of those times, such as 
 forges, cores, cannon, etc. This place is now occupied by a large iron 
 and nail foundry. Next came the memorable Libby Prison. After a 
 
83 
 
 careful inspection and history of many notable events connected with 
 it, the Corps, by special invitation, played in the old prison. This is the 
 first music ever performed by band or drum corps in the building since 
 the war, and they feel highly honored by the invitation conferred upon 
 them. 
 
 The next visit was to Washington's Headquarters, and then to the 
 extensive " Banner Tobacco Works" of Lawrence Lottier, on Franklin 
 street. Through the courtesy of Manager J. H. White and others we 
 were shown another process of making, shipping, compressing, etc. 
 An interesting proceeding was the placing of silver ten cent pieces in 
 every third piece of plug chewing. After a little music by the Corps 
 they were again favored with some excellent singing and also some 
 old-fashioned dancing by a little negro about ten years old. On their 
 departure the firm insisted on their receiving some mark of ap- 
 preciation, and each member was presented with two cakes of silver 
 coin navy plug, two rolls of "pigtail" chewing and a guidebook 
 of Richmond. This firm, not knowing of their intended departure next 
 morning, had made arrangements to give them a carriage ride that 
 day to see the sights and to entertain them at dinner, for which kind 
 intentions the Corps feel deeply indebted. 
 
 The next stop was at the Commercial Club of Richmond, an organiz- 
 ation composed of representative men and occupying one of the finest 
 mansions in the city. After playing for them in one of their reception 
 rooms, the Corps were entertained with refreshments and heartily com- 
 mended for their fine appearance and good music. In fact, they re- 
 ceived a perfect ovation from every quarter during their stay in Rich- 
 mond." 
 
 The statuary in Capitol Park must not be forgotten. Culti- 
 vated travelers freely concede that there is no work of the kind 
 in this country, and few in the world, at all comparable with the 
 Washington Monument. It consists of an imposing column of 
 Richmond granite, rising from a star-shaped base, surmounted 
 by a gigantic equestrian statue of Washington, and on pedestals 
 around and beneath him are figures of Patrick Henry, whose elo- 
 quence fired the hearts of the patriots for revolution ; George 
 Mason, the author of the Virginia Bill of Eights; Thomas Jef- 
 ferson, the author of the Declaration of Independence ; Gov- 
 ernor Thomas Nelsoa, Jr., to whose patriotism and purse the 
 victory at Yorktown was largely attributable ; Andrew Lewis, 
 under whose leadership as Indian conqueror the Virginians 
 
84 
 
 made a pathway to the West; and John Marshall, the most 
 distinguished Chief Justice of the United States Supreme 
 Court. 
 
 The following shows the positions of the statuary and the in- 
 scriptions on the shields of the allegorical figures occupying the 
 lower pediments : 
 
 ^'•^^^"e .- opposite Nelson ] 1°'^°' 
 
 Colonial Times opposite Lewis j vaUey^Fo^rle'!*' 
 
 Justice opposite Marshall ■ -j ^^^^^ Point*' 
 
 , Eeyolution opposite Henrj- ] Trenton.''™^^" 
 
 Independence opposite Jefferson j frincltoi°.™*'''°' 
 
 Bill of Eights opposite Mason ] Bunker HUl^' 
 
 The monument and most of the figures were modeled by 
 Crawford, the designer also of the bronze figure of Liberty on 
 the dome of the capitol at Washington, and of the statue of 
 Beethoven at Boston. Mr. Crawford died ia 1857; and the un- 
 finished work — statues of Nelson and Lewis and the allegorical 
 figures — was executed by Randolph Rogers, much of whose 
 work is now to be seen in the capitol at Washington. The 
 equestrian statue is 15 feet from the rider's cbapeau to the 
 plinth upon which the horse's feet rest. The pedestrian statues 
 are each ten feet high. The entire cost of the monument (in- 
 cluding statuary) was $259,913.26. The corner-stone was laid 
 February 22d, 1850; Washington's statue was unveiled February 
 22d, 1858, but the entire work was not completed until 1868. 
 The bronze figures were cast at the Royal foundry at Munich. 
 
 On the north side of the avenue between this monument and 
 the Governor's house, is the bronze statue of Stonewall Jackson. 
 It stands upon a pedestal of Virginia granite ten feet high. It is 
 of heroic size and is of one the best works of the late Mr. Foley, 
 the great English sculptor, who was chosen by the Royal Com- 
 mission to make the colossal statue of Prince Albert for the 
 
85 
 
 memorial in Hyde Park, of which also he executed the group 
 " Asia." This statue of Jackson was ordered by the Eight Hon- 
 orable A. J. Beresford-Hope and other admirers of " Stonewall" 
 Jackson, and by them was presented to Virginia, duly accepted 
 by the General Assembly, and unveiled on the 26th of October, 
 1875, with great ceremonj'. The following is the inscription: 
 
 " Presented by English gentlemen as a tribute of admiration lor the 
 soldier and patriot, Thomas J. Jackson, and gratefully accepted by Vir- 
 ginia in the name of the Southern people. Done A. D. 1875, in the hun- 
 dredth year of the Commonwealth. * 
 
 "Look ! There is Jackson standing like a stonewall." 
 
 Near the old Bell House in the square is the marble statue of 
 Henry Clay, by Hart — a present to the Commonwealth of Vir- 
 ginia from the great orator's countrywomen. It was unveiled 
 April 12, 1860, and is said by many, who well remember Clay, 
 to be a faithful likeness of that great and gifted son of Virginia. 
 
 After a day of sight-seeing the "Brigade " was ready for any- 
 thing. After supper the Band and Drum Corps serenaded the 
 guests of the hotel, after which the " Brigade " marched to the 
 various newspaper offices and to the residences of Maj. Grinter 
 and Mayor Carrington. The former was at home and gave the 
 boys a pleasant reception. Mayor Carrington was not at home 
 so we serenaded the family. The Commercial Club, which had 
 been so hospitable to the " Brigade," was also serenaded. Mayor 
 Carrington was much chagrined by his absence from his resid- 
 ence as wUl be seen by the following letter : 
 
 J, Mayor's Office, 
 Richmond, Va., Oct. 23, 1883. 
 Pbank p. Mtjlcahey, 
 
 Commander Lincoln Post No. 11, G. A. R., 
 Newark, N. J. 
 My Dbak Sib : — I much regret that I was not at my residence 
 last Wednesday evening when yourself and your worthy Comrade E. P. 
 Brainard called and left your cards, as I also regret my absence pre- 
 vented my showing my appreciation of the honor done me by the pre- 
 
86' 
 
 senoe of y our Post, and the pleasant compliment of the serenade from 
 the musicians who accompanied them. 
 
 Please do me the kindness to present my compliments and re- 
 gards to all who were with you on that occasion. 
 
 If our own repeated experience had not taught us, and if history 
 had not recorded, the gentlemanly and chivalrous conduct and char- 
 acter of New Jersey's sons, your recent visit here would have made a 
 reputation of which your State can be proud, for as Virginians we feel 
 pride in the honor of such visitors, and trust you all will repeat your 
 coming, in the future. 
 
 I had anticipated much pleasure from being with your associates 
 in person, but I was the victim of such terrible neuralgia in my head 
 and eyes, that I was forced to keep in-doors. I was specially sorry I 
 was thus prevented from giving ofBcial attention to your Mayor-elect 
 and your other civil officers, but hope I may yet have the chance to 
 demonstrate I can do better in that regard. 
 
 If convenient I would like for you to present my excuse and 
 apology to the Mayor and all who were with you, for my not being 
 with them more. *»* 
 
 If the future demonstrates I can render any of you any service 
 in this section, allow me such pleasure, and to that end consider me as 
 
 Yours to Command, 
 
 W. C. Carrington, 
 
 Mayor. 
 
 After the serenading' was over the " Brigade " separated and 
 many of the boys took a view of Eichmond by night. A few 
 gathered in the office of the hotel, and Mayor-elect Jos. E. 
 Haynes, held up a cane, and spoke as follows to Comrade Con- 
 nolly: 
 
 "Captain Connolly, — It becomes my pleasing duty this 
 evening to present to you, in behalf of Mr. Charles Euker, of 
 this city, this cane as a token of respect and ' paternal ' affection. 
 This cane was cut from near one of the greatest natural curios- 
 ties of the world — the Natural Bridge, in Virginia; and I know 
 you wiU prize it, not only on that account, but more because it 
 is Virginian, and yet more wiU you treasure it because of that 
 feeling of kindness vrhich prompts the simple gift." 
 
 Comrade Connolly accepted the cane with a few words of 
 
87 
 
 thanks; but the company at once selected Colonel Joy as the 
 gentleman who should make a formal response to the presenta- 
 tion, and he stepped forward and intimated that as he had receiv- 
 ed on cane he did not feel the necessity of a speech, and then said 
 that Capt. ConnoUy was " true blue ", that the cane was as 
 true as the Captain; that the Captain had an honest hand to 
 wield the cane, and that it would aid him in his steps; that 
 while the Jerseyman and the Virginian kept step with the 
 march of the Union the cane would aid the Captain, but when 
 Virginia lost step the Captain would go it alone, and when 
 New Jersey lost the step the cane and Virginia would stiU be 
 true. 
 
 The cane is a handsome one, carved from a single piece, 
 and represents the talons of one foot of the American eagle 
 clutching a globe about the size of duck egg. The carving is 
 skillfully done. 
 
 It was early morning when the last of the stragglers went to 
 bed. 
 
CHAPTER Vn. 
 
 NATIONAL CEMETEEIES. THOUSANDS OF HEEOIC DEAD. BATTLE GEOUND 
 OF SEVEN PINES. RELIC HUNTING. 
 
 This grave shall have a living monument. 
 
 Hamlet. 
 Did these bones cost no more the breeding^ 
 But to play at loggats with them 1 
 
 J bid. 
 
 On Oct, ITth a large number of the Comrades visited the 
 fortifications and battle-fields before Richmond. One party, 
 consisting of Department Junior Vice Commander W. B. E. 
 Miller, Comrades Thos. Kinsey and C. H. Benson of Lincoln 
 Post and Comrade J. R. Van Syckle of Van Houton Post of 
 Jersey City, " took carriage ", and started, early in the morning 
 for the battle ground of Seven Pines. Leaving the City by the 
 way of the Williamsburg road, the party found themselves, in a 
 short time at the gate of the Richmond Cemetery. This " God's 
 Acre ", like fill the others mentioned in these pages, was organ- 
 ized and is supported by the General Government. The Rich- 
 mond Cemetery is situated about three' miles east of Richmond 
 on the south side of the Williamsburg turnpike. There is little 
 attempt at ornamentation in or about the grounds, save that 
 here and there are shrubs and flowering plants. The grounds 
 ave well kept. They are flat and smooth as a billiard table and 
 as green withal. The quadrangle is divided into four sections 
 by carriage ways. A neat stone cottage for the keeper, stands 
 near the entrance. In the centre is a rude monument. To the 
 
89 
 
 right of this, is a large cannon, planted like a post, trunnion 
 deep in the ground. Time was, when this iron throated war dog 
 bayed in terrible tones, but now its mission of war is ended and 
 it stands as a monument, while the brazen plate upon its side, 
 mutely tells its piteous story. It is an ordinary inscription, is 
 that, which is graven upon that plate, but the tears start as the 
 story is thus read ; 
 
 UNITED STATES MILITARY CEMETERY. 
 
 richmond. 
 
 Established Sept. 1. 1866. 
 
 i3sterments 6,529. 
 
 KNOWN 838. 
 
 UNKNOWN 5,691. 
 
 That is all. It is enough ! On every hand stretch the long 
 rows of marble stakes. There are six thousand five hundred 
 and twenty nine of them. On nearly all are figures. No name 
 is inscribed, for no man knoweth whose bones lie beneath those 
 humble stones. Only named by a number, but that omniscient 
 eye, which notes even the sparrow's fall, sees the precious dust 
 beneath that number and knows the name it bore, when, marred 
 and sullied, and worn, the poor body yielded to more than 
 savage cruelty and gave up the ghost, for the name is inscribed 
 on the Great Book of Remembrance. Thirty four hundred of 
 these unknown heroes died in Libby Prison and over three hun- 
 dred on Belle Isle. The grand Second Tennessee Regiment, — 
 never fully recognized,*— gave two hundred of its number to 
 death in Libbj'. No storied marble marks their resting place 
 but a memory more lasting thau sepulchral marble or piled 
 granite is theirs. 
 
 " Rest on, embalmed and sainted dead. 
 Dear as the blood ye gave. 
 No impious footstep here shall tread 
 The herbage of your grave. 
 
90 
 
 Your own proud land's heroic soil, 
 Must be your fitter grave; 
 She claims from war his richest spoil — ■ 
 The ashes of the brave. 
 
 The muffled drums' sad roU has beat 
 The soldier's last tattoo ; 
 No more on Hfe's parade shall meet 
 That brave and fallen few. 
 
 On fame's eternal camping ground, 
 Their silent tents are spread; 
 And glory guards with solemn round. 
 The bivouac of the dead. 
 
 Unknown, and yet how well remembered ! In this Cemetery 
 sad thoughts must come, and memories will thriU the heart, 
 untn the indignant blood surges through the veins and makes 
 one long to be at the throats of the fiends who starved and froze 
 and shot these heroes to death, and after death cast them, eaten 
 of rats, into unknown kennels. Unknown ! Yet how noble ! 
 These dead were obscure in men's eyes ; only common soldiers, 
 but 
 
 " Howe'er it be, it seems to me 
 
 'Tis only noble to be good. 
 
 Kind hearts are more than coronets. 
 
 And simple faith than Norman blood." 
 
 New Jersey gave forty one of her sons to help people this si- 
 lent city. The graves of only five are known. 
 
 Let the roU of honor be read : 
 
 Oscar Westlake, Captain, Co. 1 3d Inf. 
 
 Valentine Bart, Private, Co. K 3d Inf. 
 
 William Bergen, " Co. D 10th Inf. 
 
 Gilbei-t Bishop, " Co. 1 12th Inf. 
 
91 
 
 William Brewer, 
 "VViUiam Bush, 
 Lawrence OaUman, 
 John Games, 
 Edward Cassady, 
 Daniel W. Chamberlain, 
 Henry C. Connolly, 
 John ConnoUy, 
 Geo. W. Crumback, 
 Patrick Curran, 
 Patrick Gaiian, 
 Gustavus Groff, 
 Henry M. DeHart, 
 James Hinds, 
 Wm. W. Hoffman, 
 Wilson Hyde, 
 Israel J. Jacobus, 
 Philip Jones, 
 John N. Lippincott, 
 Peter T. Lowe, 
 Chas. N. Lyons, 
 Joseph Manhart, 
 Louis Meade, 
 Patrick Munn, 
 John H. Osborn, 
 Frank Pendleton, 
 John A. Kecanis, 
 Wm. D. Rogers, 
 FrankUn EosseU, 
 Henry Roth, 
 Samuel Seymour, 
 
 Private, Co. H 14th Inf. 
 
 Co. D '. .12thlnf. 
 
 Co. A 7thlnf. 
 
 Co. K IstCav. 
 
 Co. D Sthlnf. 
 
 Co. 1 14th Inf. 
 
 Co. B 14th Inf. 
 
 Co. P 5th Inf. 
 
 Co. D 12th Inf. 
 
 Co. K 14th Inf. 
 
 Co. E...- 38th Inf. 
 
 Co. B 9th Inf. 
 
 Co. A 25th Inf. 
 
 Co. K 4th Inf. 
 
 Co. E nth Inf. 
 
 Co. B 38th Inf. 
 
 Co. K ...nth Inf. 
 
 Co. I..... 14th Inf. 
 
 Co. K 10th Inf. 
 
 Co. P 9th Inf. 
 
 Co. K 1st Cay. 
 
 Co. B nth Inf. 
 
 Co. K 14th Inf. 
 
 Co. B nth Inf. 
 
 Co. A 14th Inf. 
 
 Co. D 40th Inf. 
 
 Co. C 7th Inf. 
 
 Co. A 6th Inf. 
 
 Co. G nth Inf. 
 
 Co. C 10th Inf. 
 
 Co. F 14th Inf. 
 
92 
 
 Peter Soden, Private, Co. A. 14th Inf. 
 
 John Smith, " Co. A 5th Inf. 
 
 Jonathan Stewart, " Co. C 1st Cav. 
 
 Charles Stibbins, " Co. D 7th Inf. 
 
 Eobt. B. Taylor, " Co. G 5th Inf. 
 
 White Van Buren, " Co. A 14th Inf. 
 
 Wui. W. Webb, " Co. A 9th Inf. 
 
 It was at this Cemetery that Comrade McManus was present- 
 ed with a black and tan pup, which he incontinently christened 
 " Jeff ", and at infinite cost of trouble and patience took home 
 with him. Leaving the Cemetery, the party drove along the 
 turnpike. On every hand were evidences of the labor of the Con- 
 federates for the protection of their Capital. Long Unes of earth 
 works stretched away, across fine farms. In this neighborhood 
 are some of the most highly cultivated lands in Virginia. They 
 would do credit to New Jersey, the garden state of the North. 
 After riding about four miles, we came to a small school house 
 alongside of the road. It was a " colored school ". It was re- 
 cess and the road swarmed with youngsters, aU small and all un- 
 deniably black, a condition of things, in every sense, not prob- 
 able in slavery days. The " pickaninnies " showed their teeth 
 and cheered " de soldiers ''. They did not present a very hope- 
 ful appearance, speaking educationally, but were perhaps on a 
 par with colored children generally, either North or South. 
 
 Seven miles out of Eichmond the party came upon the battle- 
 field of Seven Pines. As the battle at this place was fought in 
 conjunction with the "Affair at Fair Oaks " it is sometimes con- 
 founded with the latter. The party entered a small building 
 which the driver of the carriage denominated as " The Sto' ". 
 It was about the worst store we ever saw. We have seen stores 
 in sixteen states, and we have seen some like that one, but not 
 exactly like it. There is probably nothing, exactly as dirty and 
 dark, and Hi-stocked on the continent. The door pbsts were 
 of pine in the rough, and the rest of the building was also in the 
 
93 
 
 rough. Upon entering the ram-shackle building, the Old coiiun- 
 druin " What smeUs the most when you enter a store ? " came 
 to mind. There was every opportunity for a choice of smeUs, 
 but it was impossible to pick out the worst. AH were bad. A 
 dirty " bar " was flanked by open mackerel and pork barrels. 
 The contents of the latter was called " po'ke " by a customer 
 who wandered in. A molasses barrel and a barrel of kerosene 
 completed the stock on that side. The other side was about 
 equally divided between some jars of ancient candies, a few 
 packages of groceries and piles of reHes. This store is onfe of 
 the best suburban "warehouses" in central Virginia. The boys 
 pounced eagerly upon the rehcs. There were pieces of shell, 
 bullets embedded in wood, buttons, old carbines, sabers, spurs, 
 buckles and the thousand and one articles of debris to be found 
 on a battle field. There are tons of metal still lying about the 
 country in that neighborhood. Every season the farmers plow 
 up bullets, buttons and shells, whole and in fragments, and the 
 storekeeper, Lyne, drives a brisk trade in reUcs, when Northern 
 people visit the locality. The advent of the " Brigade " made 
 him suddenly and violently wealthy. He has become a bloated 
 aristocrat since that day, and probably looks down upon his 
 poorer neighbors. 
 
 We were joined here by several carriage loads of Comrades. 
 After refreshing, our particular four, accompanied by Comrades 
 McManus— and his pup— Bernard Daly, Major Leonard and W. 
 •H. Cleveland, prepared to explore the battle ground. Before 
 'leaving, we arranged with Mrs. Lyne for what she called " a 
 • chicken fixen's diuner." Having thus brought up our supplies, 
 the army moved. Comrade Kinsey pointed out the spot where 
 he had just gone into camp with his Regiment, when a Eebel 
 shell dropped into his tent and invited him to leave. He ac- 
 cepted the invitation and left. So did the shell. The tent like- 
 •' wise, and Tom saw no more of it forever. 
 
 "It vanished away like a beautiful dream 
 And left not a trace behind." 
 
94 
 
 And Kinsey did not hang around inquiring after it. 
 
 Where the battle-field was cleared ground when the engage- 
 ment took place, is now a fine young forest. The party pressed 
 onward through the woods untU they reached the redoubts 
 thrown up by the Union forces. These stretch from the 
 Swamp, far to the left, ending at or near Pair Oaks. The trench 
 was familiar to several of the party, as they trod it when it was 
 a much warmer spot than it is now. 
 
 As New Jersey troops bore a conspicuous part in the battle of 
 Fair Oaks or Seven Pines, we may be pardoned for quoting a 
 few extracts from " New Jersey and the Rebellion," an excellent 
 work, written by our distinguished townsman Hon. John Y. 
 Poster. He says: 
 
 " At this time (May 26, 1862) Casey's Division of the Fourth 
 Corps (Keye's) was stationed at Pair Oaks, and the Third, to 
 which the Brigade (Second Brigade, N. J. Vols.) belonged, upon 
 its arrival, took position in the rear of the former. On the 31st, 
 Cas,ey's Division was suddenly attacked by the enemy in large 
 force, and after a brief resistance was driven back in confusion, 
 some of his troops retreating in the most shameful disorder. 
 Fresh troops, however, most opportunely arriving, the enemy 
 was held in check, though the battle became general all along the 
 line, and the assailants, at the main point of attack, had gained 
 a considerable advantage. Late in the afternoon, orders were 
 received to advance the Third Corps, which was promptly done. 
 The Seventh and Eighth New Jersey being detailed as a reserve 
 for the performance of specific duties of an important character, 
 the Fifth and Sixth (the latter under Col. Mott) moved forward 
 under Col. Starr (Gen. Patterson being ill), cutting their way 
 through the mass of panic-stricken fugitives. Reaching the 
 field at dark, the Regiments went into position and so remained 
 during the night. On the morning of June 1st, the battle was 
 renewed, and again, as at WilUamsburg, the Jersey Regiments 
 had the post of honor in the advance. As upon that memorable 
 field they had saved the Division from destruction, so now they 
 
were called upon to retrieve the broken fortunes of the previous 
 day. Placing himself at their head, General Hooker called upon 
 them to foUow him against the foe, and with a shout they swept 
 on to the fray. At this time the firing had commenced on the 
 right, and was rapidly running down the line of the railroad 
 upon which our troops advanced. Soon the enemy were found 
 in a strip of woods close to the railroad, and going into position, 
 both regiments were speedily engaged having the Excelsior Bri- 
 gade on the right. The fight was a furious one, continuing for 
 two hours and a half without a moment's abatement. The Jer- 
 sey Regiments, indomitable in their pluck, not only held their 
 ground, but by a continuous deadly fire, and charges with the 
 bayonet, inflicted terrible loss upon the Rebel ranks. At length, 
 ■determined to strike a decisive blow. Hooker, again placing 
 himself at the head of the gallant command, charged straight 
 into and through the woods, breaking the Rebel lines and driv- 
 ing the enemy in great confusion, recovering aU the ground lost 
 by Casey's Division, and ending the fight for the day on that 
 part of the line. * ^* Gen. Hooker, in his report of the battle, 
 again testified in the most emphatic terms to the gallantry of 
 both regiments." 
 
 On June 25th, the position was about as follows, and we again 
 quote from Mr. Foster's work: 
 
 " Immediately in front of Hooker there was a wide field and 
 entanglement which was commanded by our troops. Beyond 
 this, there was a belt of timber and thicket; perhaps five hun- 
 dred yards wide, which had been bloodily debated for three 
 weeks or more, while still further beyond was another broad 
 field, intersected by a stage road and railroad, and commanded 
 by rifle-pits and a redoubt. For. reasons known to himself. 
 General McClellan desired to advance his hues so as to secure 
 the woods and obtain command of the rifle-pits beyond, and 
 General Heintdeman was accordingly ordered to push Hooker's 
 Division into the disputed territory, and hold a line near the 
 enemy's esplanade. On the 25th, at seven o'clock in the morn- 
 
.96 
 
 ing; Hooter advanced two brigades — Grover's and Sickle's — in- 
 to the woods, and the enemy's pickets being pushed back on the 
 picket reserve, the engagement soon became general and severe. 
 The enemy having the advantage of position, and fighting with 
 great obstinacy, Sickles, after a struggle of an hour and a half, 
 was brought to a stand still. At this juticture the New Jersey 
 Brigade was ssnt in as a support, and the fight became yet 
 more severe and desperate. At length, charging with Sickles' 
 men, the Brigade drove the enemy entirely through the woods, 
 -capturing the camp of their reserve pickets and holding the 
 position until Kearny, coming upon the scene with Bimey's 
 Brigade, finished the work of the day. The conduct of the 
 New Jerssy troops in this engagement, known as the " affair " 
 of Fair Oaks Farm, was no less admirable than on previous oc- 
 casions, and elicited warm expressions of approval from Hooker 
 and his subordinates." 
 
 Of course there were other New Jersey troops engaged at 
 Fair Oaks or Seven Pines besides those above conspicuously 
 mentioned, but we have chosen this brief history in order to 
 afford a glimpse of the battle. These were the scenes that at 
 least half the " Brigade " visited. The woods were full of the 
 latter. They tramped everywhere; through the woods, over 
 ploughed fields, along roads. Some of them knew every foot of 
 the ground and lived over again the stirring events of that 
 campaign. They cut canes on the spot, and bribed darki6s to 
 cut more. Some of them returned home laden with hickory 
 •saplings. Had there been many more of them, the woods might 
 have been carried bodily into New Jersey somewhat after the 
 fashion of lugging woods around, which obtained in Macbeth's 
 time. 
 
 This desperately fought field yields much food for sad reflec- 
 tion. The United States Government, by dint of paying $3.50 
 for every body of a Union soldier found, has gathered most of 
 it's fallen braves into a National Cemetery near by. The Con- 
 federate dead, as brave as their more fortunate foes, lie where 
 they fell, with only the night winds to sing their requiem, and 
 
97 
 
 without even the sHght honor of sepulture. The devoted Al- 
 abama regiments which faced our arms, lie strewn thickly in the 
 underbrush, with no covering for their poor bodies save the 
 grass and leaves which Nature, kindlier than man, has spread 
 over them. 
 
 " For them no more the blazing hearth shall burn, 
 Or busy housewife ply her evening care ; 
 
 No children run to lisp their sire's return, 
 Or climb his knees the envied kiss to share." 
 
 Our guide stated that he still finds now and then a Union 
 soldier's body. He said that the bodies of Confederates and 
 Unionists are easily distinguishable when found, although two 
 decades have passed since they fell, and during ■ all that time 
 they have been exposed to the destroying influences of the 
 elements. A button, a shred of cloth, a shoe, a belt, a tin cup, 
 or some other rehc of equipment, is sure to be found with the 
 few bones, and to the practiced eye of the professional searcher 
 any or either of these fix the identity of the remains, as regards 
 party, beyond doubt. In reply to the question " "Why do not 
 the Confederates bury their dead? " the guide replied: "We 
 are too poor."— It told the whole sad story. 
 
 The Government refuses to recognize the Confederate dead 
 in any manner whatever. It is a sad illustration of the remorse- 
 lessness of war to see those white bones mutely appealing for 
 the poor honor of a grave. 
 
 As we looked upon them, Gray's lines came to mind with deep 
 significance : 
 
 " Not you, ye proud, impute to these the fault, 
 If memory o'er their tomb no trophies raise." 
 
 They believed their cause was just, and sealed their convic- 
 tions with, their lives. Heroism always deserves recognition, and 
 
98 
 
 that these poor bones were once moved to heroic impulses, no 
 man who met them on the " foughten field '' wOl deny. May the 
 time soon come when they may be laid away in the bosom of 
 our common, kindly mother earths- 
 There was great hunting for relics on this field. Wherever 
 the plough overturns the earth, and rain has fallen thereafter, 
 bullets and other relics are visible in plenty. In the woods. 
 Comrade Cleveland found an old pine knot with a bullet im- 
 bedded in it. It was a valuable trophy, and he lorded it over 
 his less fortunate comrades. All hands found, enough rehcs, 
 however, to satisfy the most craving appetite. On the return to 
 Eichmond, the party were walking junk shops. Comrade Ap- 
 plegate triumphantly carried an old sword which he picked up. 
 On the battle ground the Government maintains a cemetery, 
 in general appearance like that near Eichmond, only much 
 smaller. The brazen plate on the dumb cannon has the follow- 
 ing inscription : 
 
 U. S. NATIONAL MILITARY CEMETERY. 
 
 seven pines. 
 Established June 27th, 1866. 
 
 INtERMENTS 1359 
 
 KNOWN 150 
 
 UNKNOWN 1209 
 
 What a sad story that simple inscription tells. Only one in 
 ten known ! As they fell, they laid for years, until gathered in- 
 to this silent enclosure. What waiting and watching there was' 
 for those who came not ! What " hope deferred " that " mak- 
 eth the heart sick ? " Love's last offering, a tear over their 
 graves, was denied them, but the flag they died for, waves over 
 them by day, and its halliards rattle a mournful requiem as the 
 night wind stirs them. Twelve hundred and nine small marble 
 stakes mark where as many heroes lie. Only their bodies. 
 
99 
 
 " For, seamed with many scars, 
 Bursting these prison bars, 
 Up to their native stars. 
 Their souls ascended." 
 
 The Historian could find no record of New Jersey heroes who 
 lie sleeping there. 
 
 After amazing Mrs. Lyne by their proficiency in making her 
 good cheer disappear, the party left Seven pines for Richmond, 
 returning by a different road. The entire distance of 'nine 
 miles is ridged with redoubts and pitted with rifle pits. 
 McClellan's headquarters were passed. The oaks in the spacious 
 door-yard, from which is derived the name " Fair Oaks," stiU 
 stand. Every one of them is without a top. Each lost its 
 ^' head " when the cannon balls were flying. There are signs of 
 the strife everywhere visible in the shattered trees, and in the 
 boles of the pines, honeycombed as they are with bullets. 
 
 We passed the spot where thousands of dollars' worth of sup- 
 plies were piled up and burned by McClellan's orders. By 
 the way, speaking of McCleUan, the ex-Confederates believe him 
 to have been one of the greatest Generals we had. Those who 
 fought him say that he could have taken Richmond in 1862, but 
 had he done so, Johnston would have trapped him in the Cap- 
 ital city. 
 
 The battle-fields in front of Richmond are now flourishing 
 farms, some of them being the finest in the State. 
 
CHAPTER Vin. 
 
 PETERSBURG AND ITS RENOWNED BATTLE-FIELDS. AN HISTORIC CHURCH. 
 
 THE CRATER. AN INDIGNANT GUIDE. FORTS 
 
 HELL AND DAMNATION. 
 
 Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more. 
 
 King Henry V. 
 
 Now set the teeth, and stretch the nostril wide: 
 Hold hard the breath and bend up every spirit 
 To his full height. 
 
 ima. 
 
 On the liSth of October, 1883, the -writer, accompanied by a 
 party from the " Brigade " and some friends from Richmond, 
 left that city for Petersburg, the theatre of the most stupend- 
 ous war drama the world ever saw. Upon arriving at Peters- 
 burg by the Richmond and Petersburg Railroad, the party 
 " took carriage " and were driven out of the city via the Jerusa- 
 lem Plank Road. About a mile out, on an eminence, to the left 
 of the road stands an old brick building, which, windowless and 
 dilapidated, was yet an object of much attraction. This is the 
 old Blandford " Church, about whose sacred fane cluster the 
 memories of nearly a century and a half. This venerable pile 
 was old — as age in a new country goes — when the nation was 
 bom. It witnessed the scenes of early struggle for supremacy 
 between the aborigine and the encroaching and conquering 
 white man. It gazed out of its muUioned windows, upon the 
 throes which accompanied the coming of the infant Republic. 
 It listened to the sound of struggle between Columbia and 
 Britain in 1812. It awaited the result of the Mexican war, and, 
 in its hoary age, trembled amidst the mighty travail which 
 
101 
 
 brought forth a nation of Freemen, all free, every one, even un- 
 to the uttermost! This old church, from its eminence, surrounded 
 by the dead of many generations, loolied forth upon the scene 
 of the closing drama of the War for the Union, as it had looked 
 forth upon the beginnings of that Union. 
 
 The bricks of which it is built were brought from England in 
 1735. The building is now but a ruin. Although the walls are 
 intact, the windows are gone, the flooring has rotted awny, and 
 the seats and furniture hive disappeared. Tourists from every 
 part of the world have scrawled their names upon the walls. 
 Hundreds of the John Smith's, James Eobinson's, and the 
 Tom's, Dick's and Harry's of Christendom impart the highly in- 
 tei'esting and important information that they have visited this 
 church. They have left their addresses behind them. We were 
 glad to read those names, and only regretted the abssnce of 
 those who wrote them. AVe would have loved to have told 
 those people what we thought of them and all their tribe. 
 
 Two tablets of wood mark the walls, and upon these are in- 
 scribed four beautiful verses apostrophizing the aged building. 
 They are worth reproducing here. Comrade Wambold kindly 
 copied them for us : 
 
 Thou art crumbling to the dust old pile ! 
 
 Thou art hastening to thy fall, 
 And 'round thee in thy loneliness 
 
 Clings the Ivy to thy wall. 
 The worshippers are scattered new 
 
 Who knelt before thy shrine, 
 And silence reigns where anthems rose 
 
 In days of " Auld Lang Syne." 
 
 And sadly sighs the wandering wind, 
 
 Where oft, in years gone by, 
 Prayers rose from many hearts to Him, 
 
 The Highest of the High ; 
 The tramp of many a busy foot 
 
 That sought thy aisles, is o'er, 
 And many a -weary heart around, 
 
 Is still, forever more. 
 
102 
 
 How doth ambition's hope take wing, 
 
 How droops the spirit now? 
 We hear the distant city's din ; 
 
 The dead are mute below ; 
 The sun that shone upon their paths 
 
 Now gilds their lonely graves, 
 The zephyrs which once fanned their brows, 
 
 The grass above them waves. 
 
 Oh ! could we call the many back 
 
 Who've gathered here in vain, — 
 Who've careless roved where we do now, 
 
 Who'll never meet again : 
 How would our very souls be stirred. 
 
 To meet the earnest gaze 
 Of the lovely and the beautiful. 
 
 The light of other days. 
 
 During the revolutionary war, a troop of English cavalry 
 made a raid upon this place and tilled a number of persons. In 
 this same church, under the above beautiful lines, appears an 
 oaken tablet with the names of the victims painted thereon, aa 
 follows: 
 
 W. B. Banister. C. C. Johnson. H. A. Blanks. Geo. B. Jones. 
 W, H. Hardee. Jno.E. Friend. Wales Hunt. P. T. Scott. 
 N. Hoag. J.W.BeUingham. G. Staubly. W. Crowder. 
 
 Wm. Daniel. 
 
 It would aippear from the masonic sign, placed at the end of 
 the names of three, that they were Free Masons. 
 
 In the Cemetery connected with this old church, the mother, 
 - a brother and a sister of Hon. Rush Burgess, of Newark, are 
 buried. Mr. Burgess visited the tomb of his people whUe with 
 us on this tour. 
 
 Every foot of earth within a radius of miles from the old 
 church is historic gTOund. Every acre was fought over and 
 over again by the contending armies, and was reddened by the 
 blood of the bravest and best of America's sons. Riding a short 
 distance along the Jerusalem Plank. Road, we turned suddenly 
 
108 
 
 to tlie left, and traversed a road between a cotton field in full 
 bloom on the right, and a peanut patch on the left. In the lat- 
 ter a large number of laborers of both sexes were pulling up 
 the vines, and stacking them around poles erected for the 
 purpose. There were hundreds of these poles, and the stacks 
 about them represented acres of bliss in store for peanut fiends. 
 A short drive took us to the foot of a sharp slope. Dismount- 
 ing from the carriage and mounting the slope, we stood upon 
 the edge of the renowned " Crater." That word will recall a 
 vivid scene to the mind of many a reader of this little woA. It 
 wiU conjure up from the mists of the past, a horrid rush of 
 flame, a dense cloud of lurid smoke, in the midst of which, fly- 
 ing debris, and mangled men, and broken gun carriages, were 
 seen hke the elements. of a nightmare ! A tremendous burst of 
 thunderous sound, a quaking of the earth as though mighty na- 
 ture were heaving in pain ! Then silence, and then disappoint- 
 ment! 
 
 The origin of the "Crater" was as follows: Lieut.-Colonel 
 Pleasants, in command of the 48th Pennsylvania Regiment, 
 composed almost entirely of coal miners, conceived the plan of 
 mining and blovring up a battery of the enemy. The project 
 did not meet with much encouragement from Headquarters at 
 first, but Col. Pleasants persisted, and finally gained permission 
 to carry out his scheme. So far as he was concerned the plan 
 succeeded perfectly, but it was productive of no benefit to the 
 Union arms, because of the failure of the proper officers to fol- 
 low up the explosion with an immediate and decisive charge. 
 Had not this failure taken place, the fort would have fallen an 
 easy prey to our arms. Colonel Pleasants says in his report : 
 
 " The gaUery was commenced at 12 M., the 25th day of June, 
 1864, without tools, lumber, or any of the materials requisite for 
 such work. The mining picks were made out of those used by 
 our pioneers ; plank was obtained by tearing down a rebel 
 bridge, and afterwards by sending to a saw-mUl five or six 
 miles distant, and the material excavated was carried out in hand- 
 barrows constructed of cracker boxes. The work progressed 
 
104 
 
 rapidly until about the second of July, when extremely wet 
 ground was reached; the timbers gave way, and the roof and 
 floor of the gallery nearly met. Ee-timbered it and started 
 again. From this point had to excavate a stratum of marl, 
 whose consistency was like putty, and which caused our pro- 
 gress to be necessarily slow. To avoid this, an inclined plane 
 WIS started, and in 100 feet, rose about 13^ feet perpendicular. 
 On the 17th of July, the main gallery was completed, being 
 510.8 feet in length. The enemy having obtained information 
 of the mine, commenced searching for it. Orders were received 
 to stop operations, which were, however, recommenced on the 
 following day by starting the left lateral gallery. At 6 P. M., 
 of the same day, commenced the right lateral gallery. As the 
 enemy could plainly be heard working over us in the fort, the 
 gallery was excavated a litle beyond, and in the rgar of their 
 works, which gave to it a cui'ved line of direction. The left later- 
 al gallery was stopped at midnight, July 22. The right lateral 
 gallery, being 38 feet long, was stopped at 6 P. M., July 23. 
 The mine could have been charged and exploded at this time. 
 The men were employed from that time in draining, timbering, 
 and placing eight magazines in position, and having received the 
 order to charge the mine on the 27th of July, the powder was 
 commenced to be placed in at 4 P. M., and finished at 10 P. M. 
 The tamping was begun, and completed by 6 P. M., on the 
 28th. 
 
 The charge consisted of three hundred and twenty kegs of 
 powder, each containing twenty five pounds, — eight thousand 
 pounds in all. The size of the "Crater" formed by the explo- 
 sion was at least two hundred feet long, fifty feet wide and 
 twenty five feet deep." 
 
 The writer of this, carefully examined the gallery, and found 
 it perfect work, considering the means employed for driving it. 
 The arrangements for ventilation were perfectly simple and 
 satisfactory. The explosion of the mine succeeded admirably, 
 and the assault should have been crowned with success. The 
 cause of failure is well known. The objective point Avas 
 
105 
 
 Cemetery Hill. Perliaps the old venerable pile of brict, styled 
 Blandford Churcli, would not have escaped the damage by 
 artillery, and would not have presented the same romantic 
 appearance, had such been the case. The following graphic 
 sketch is told by one of General Mahone's " foot cavalry" of 
 what took place on that ever memorable morning : 
 
 "It was about the hour of daybreak on the 30 th of July, 1864, 
 that the earth shook as though the " foundations of the deep 
 wei"e torn up," and vast volumes of smoke, earth and fragments 
 of artillery were seen rising, about one mile to our left^ It 
 needed no tongue to tell the cause of this terrific shock, for rumor 
 had long said that the "Yanks" were mining beneath, and 
 General Lee had a counter mine sunk in the shape of a crescent, 
 in front of the very spot where the explosion took place. The 
 Fort, at the time, was garrisoned by Pegram's Battery, from 
 Petersburg, consisting of four guns, and about forty men. 
 About one-half of the latter were killed, most of them buried 
 under the falling mass of earth ; one of the pieces of artillery 
 was thrown high in the air, and fell about half way between the 
 contending armies. The enemy immediately pressed forward 
 and occupied the breach thus made, but General Mahone, who 
 was then stationed about one mile distant, (at the Willcox 
 House), detached his Old Virginia Brigade, commanded by 
 General David Weisiger, and General Wright's Georgia Brigade, 
 and proceeded to the scene of action. Weisiger's Brigade was 
 in the van, and by making use of the covered ways, they were 
 enabled to get within 200 yards of the enemy, without being 
 perceived. The Virginians formed in line of battle, when it was 
 observed that the enemy were forming a line immediately in 
 their front. The quick eye of General Weisiger told him that 
 now was the time to strike, and without waiting for the 
 Georgians to get in line, gave the signal for a charge, with the 
 precaution to reserve their fire until close quarters. In a few 
 minutes the shock of battle raged ; the encounter was hand to' 
 hand, and many a brave soldier met death at the point of the 
 bayonet." 
 
106 
 
 ■When the evening zephyrs fanned away the lowering smoke 
 of battle, the Confederate banner floated over the vast chasm, 
 where, writhing in the last agonies of death, lay hundreds of 
 men whom but a few hours previous were flushed with en- 
 thusiasm, in the belief that the noon-day's sun would light them 
 to Petersburg. In the rear of the Confederate line, lay in 
 large numbers, the dead and dying of both iirmies a sicken- 
 ing sight to behold the mangled and limbless bodies — " martyrs 
 of their country's cause." 
 
 From the edge of the Crater, the whole vast arena of war lay 
 spread before the spectator. Directly in front, the ground 
 sloped to a narrow " bottom," fringed with underbrush, and 
 thence rose gently again to a plain which stretched far away. 
 
 The gTound was broken by the line of redoubts, batteries and 
 forts, erected by the Union army. These must be seen to be 
 appreciated in their magnitude. From the Appomattox on the 
 right of the Union hne to Hatcher's Eun on the left, is an un- 
 broken line of defenses many miles in length, while opposed to 
 them, fort for fort and battery for battery, is an almost parallel 
 Hne of defenses of Lee's army. In some places these lines are 
 not more than three hundred feet apart. 
 
 To describe what, in military parlance, is called a hne of 
 earthworks, would be a difficult matter ; to be understood, it 
 must be seen; no one can possibly realize the appearance of 
 the ground until after a careful inspection. The redoubts, or 
 enclosed field-works, the batteries, the infantry parapets connectT 
 ing them, the obstacles placed in their front, the bomb-proofs, 
 the magazines, the soldiers' quarters or habitations, (burrowing, 
 and one might call it, burying in the ground,) the covered ways 
 leading to them, (intended to protect the soldier in passing 
 from the rear to front,) all must be examined, inspected, looked 
 into and overlooked, before one can appreciate such a condition 
 ~of ■ affairs. 
 
 Although the scenes which were enacted on these historic 
 fields are dimmed by the mists of nearly twenty years, imagina- 
 
107 
 
 tion retouched the stirring pictures, and reproduced them in 
 their vivid colors. 
 
 Between these two lines we again see two picket Hnes, 
 perhaps not over two hundred feet apart, each picket 
 ever watchful of his Country's honor, by day and 
 night and at all hours keeping a steady gaze upon 
 every movement of his opponent; his only shield from 
 instant death, a small mound of loose earth thrown up in 
 front, behind which he must keep perfectly concealed; exposed 
 at aU times to sun and rain, heat and cold, he passes the Jong, 
 weary hours in never tiring watchfulness, knowing that upon 
 his vigilance may depend the fate of an army. Not unfrequent- 
 ly an amicable agreement may exist between the parties, not to 
 fire, and mutual exchanges of good-will pass. Tobacco, sugar 
 and coffee are exchanged. After such an agreement active 
 hostilities are not resumed until " Johnny Reb " gives his 
 brother " Yank " a timely warning, or vice versa. 
 
 Day after day, week after week, and month after month, 
 passes by and still the opposing forces face each other. 
 
 With the spring of 1865 the dormant armies arouse to action, 
 and upon the gigantic chess board the closing game begins; 
 Amidst the din of battle a splendid pageant passes by. While 
 the roar of contending armies is heard on right and left, the 
 Fifth Corps, under arms, and marching into position for the 
 final conflict, holds a gala day. President Lincoln has visited 
 the army, and is reviewing this Corps. The torn and tattered 
 battle flags bow reverently before him, who in one short month 
 will have passed away forever from the scene of his and their 
 triumphs. There is an " eternal fitness " in the scene. It is as 
 though the Army, having almost fought out the fight and won 
 the victory, was taking final leave of him, who had wept when 
 it wept, rejoiced when it rejoiced, gloried with it in its victories, 
 and sorrowed with it in its defeats. Never again, thank God, 
 is that great heart to ache over the failure of his people. From 
 that time forward, the sad features of that grand face are to take 
 on the hues of joy until the earnest eyes shall close on. a beloved 
 
108 
 
 Country unified, a darling people re-united, and open on those 
 plains of light, where there shall be no niore sorrow, anxiety, nor 
 tears. 
 
 As this picture fades away, another takes its place, and an- 
 other, and still another ; all of bloody struggle, but magnificent 
 bravery. 
 
 At last after a week of strife, affording numberless instances 
 of matchless courage and daring, a division of the grand old 
 Sixth Corps moves out and breaks through the enemies' Hnes, 
 whilst the Second and Twenty-fourth Corps, simultaneously on 
 the left, and the Ninth on the right, accomplish the same pur- 
 pos3. The glorious news from Sheridan's Cavalry and Griffin's 
 Fifth Corps at " Five Forks," spreads along the lines of the Ar- 
 my, giving new inspiration to the men, who have already re- 
 ceived their orders and are anxious to brave death in the ful fi ll - 
 ment of the part they are called upon to play in the great 
 drama of this eventful day, the culmination, the crowning glory 
 of the grand achievements of years, which at last brought peace 
 once more upon our prosperous land. 
 
 After forcing the lines, and wheeling to the right with their 
 resistless columns, a brigade of each of the two Corps, the 
 Sixth and Twenty-fourth, make the final attack upon the last 
 strongholds of the enemy's entrenched position. The assaults 
 upon Fort Baldwin and Fort Gregg are two of the most bril- 
 liant of the war. The several desperate efforts cover the ground 
 with dead and wounded. The numerous graves now seen 
 around them attest that these points of danger were the posts 
 of honor. With their fall the fate of Petersburg was settled. 
 Well might Lee call his staff about him, and pointing to Fort 
 Gregg, ask them to witness a most gallant defense. The words 
 had scarcely fallen from his lips, when, behold ! the " Stars and 
 Stripes" are unfurled to the breeze over the parapet! A mighty 
 shout arises from the victorious army. It echoes and re-echoes 
 from where Katahdin rears his pine clad head, to where the 
 ripples laugh and play upon the golden sands of California ! 
 The vision fades, and where bloody War waved his red ban- 
 
109 
 
 ners, and death held high carnival, the Iseaceful arts of hus- 
 bandry are plied, flowers bloom over the graves of countless 
 heroes, foes are changed to friends, and two mighty armies are 
 dissolved into elements which made the American the wonder 
 as well as the pride of the whole earth. 
 
 A peculiar feature of the American mind, however, is its abil- 
 ity to change from grave to gay. Turning from the stage* 
 whereon was enacted that terrible yet glorious drama, the tour- 
 ists began to hunt for relies. If the truth must be told, it was 
 a band of vandals, from whose hand nothing in the nature of a 
 reUc was safe. In a few minutes the boys were poring over the 
 ground in search of bullets, bits of shell, or whatever else came 
 to hand. Everything was deemed lawful prey. While at Seven 
 Pines the day before, one of the " Brigade " picked up a thigh 
 bone and a skull. He would have made a traveling morgue of 
 himself, and carried the ghastly remains home to his cabinet, 
 had he not feared that the friends of the deceased might ob- 
 ject. 
 
 At Petersburg, the search for relics met with success. Com- 
 rade Muldoon, of Jersey City, loaded himself up with old 
 canteens, buUets, etc. Comrade Kamsay, Comrade Farrier and 
 others were in nowise behind. Senator Stainsby and Comrade 
 Wambold's party carted off a bushel or two of old metal. The 
 cotton field was robbed of fluffy trophies, and canes were cut 
 from the gallery leading to the Crater. It was here that a 
 pathetic scene occurred. A party who Uvea on the battle-field, 
 and does duty as a sort of guide, had in. his possession a really 
 choice reUc. We say " had." He has not got it now. It is a 
 Union soldier's canteen, picked up near the Crater. It is 
 pierced with five bidlet holes in such a manner, as to show con- 
 clusively that the unfortunate wearer received the entire five at 
 the same instant. An idea may thus be gained of the terrible 
 fire which our devoted heroes faced. -^ 
 
 This relic was very much prized by the guide. . When it is 
 told that Comrade Eamsay offered him five dollars for it and 
 was refused, an idea may be gained of the estimation in which 
 
110 
 
 it was held. Five dollars was a " heap of money," as the guide 
 confessed, but the canteen was probably the only one of its 
 kind extant, and was therefore very valuable. The guide said 
 that thousands of people had seen it and longed for it. They 
 will never see it again in that guide's possession. With our 
 party was Col. Eobert E. Sibley, formerly of the late Confeder- 
 ■''ate Army. He coaxed and threatened the guide in the interest 
 of Comrade Van Syckle, of Jersey City, but it was all of no 
 avail. The canteen was the best curiosity the guide . had to 
 show, and he refused to part with it. 
 
 Suddenly it was missing! The guide demanded it from Com- 
 rade Benson. Of course, that discreet individual knew nothing 
 of it. He remembered seeing it, but could not tell whither it 
 had gone. Comrade Kinsey was equally ignorant; while Com- 
 rade Van Syckle was totally oblivious. Col. Barnard was in- 
 nocent, and Col.; Sibley was earnest in denial. In short, the 
 old canteen had disappeared. 
 
 The disconsolate guide went from carriage to carriage in 
 searcn of his lost treasure, and he followed the carriages half a 
 mile before he gave up the chase. Then he kicked his 
 dog and swore that the " dod durned bluebeUies always was 
 durned thieves anyhow ! " The canteen is on exhibition in Jer- 
 sey City and is highly prized by its owner. 
 
 After leaving the Crater, the party were driven again to the 
 Jerusalem Plank Road, and proceeded to Fort Davis, which is 
 nearly a square fort. The parapets are still standing and are in 
 comparatively good condition. The bomb proofs have fallen in 
 because the timbers have decayed entirely. No trees are seen 
 in this fort and the old pine that served as a lookout has ap- 
 parently been mwed off at its base, not cut with axes, as was 
 supposed. Shrubbery, about eight or ten feet high, has grown 
 up in the ditch around the outside of the banks or parapets of 
 this fort. 
 
 An extensive cotton field stretches itself before the north side 
 of the fort, between it and the site formerly occupied by " Fort 
 Mahone." The site of the fort at the time we were there 
 
Ill 
 
 was covered with winter grain, and a handsome farm house of 
 modern architecture stands on this historic spot. 
 
 Fort Sedgwick, alias " Fort Hell," was next visited by the 
 party. Unlike Fort Davis, this fort has undergone a radical 
 change. While the works remain comparatively intact, they are 
 now filled with tall grass, and young pines and hemlocks abound, 
 so that it looks like a young forest. A number of relics were 
 picked up by our party, consisting of canteens, minie balls, and 
 such, which were brought home by Comrades J. C. Taylor, Jos. 
 Bowers, August Jackes and J. C. Wambold. The advance rifle 
 pits in front of " Fort Hell " are in a splendid state of preserva- 
 tion, the grass having taken deep root, and forming a strong Hne 
 of fence, better than timber. The fields about this fort have ap- 
 parently never been disturbed by the plough. 
 
 Fort Sedgwick came by its rather profane nick-name legitim- 
 ately. One of the most advanced points of the U. S. lines was 
 this same Fort Sedgwick, standing boldly, forward and con- 
 stantly inviting attack. The work is a very irregular one, and 
 is thrown across the Jerusalem Plank Eoad. It is thus a place 
 of very great interest, on account of its exposed and prom- 
 inent position for so long a period. Scarcely a day passed 
 without witnessing a heavy artillery duel, and each hour of 
 those many long and weary months, as two brave armies lay op- 
 posite each other, could be heard the shrill, sharp report of 
 some iron messenger of death. It was here, as elsewhere, 
 that only the reckless would dare expose the slightest part of 
 the person even for a second, and well does it deserve the not 
 very euphonious name to ears poHte of " Fort HelL" 
 
 Fort Mahone, which opposed it, was yclept " Fort Damna- 
 tion." 
 
 On these historic fields, as on almost all others everywhere, 
 from Gettysburg to New Orleans, New Jersey's sons were con- 
 spicuous for their bravery. During the operations before Pe- 
 tersburg, New Jersey contributed to the Union forces the First 
 and Second Brigades, the Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, 
 Fourteenth and Fifteenth Eegiments of Infantry, the First 
 
112 
 
 Cavalry and the First, Second, Third and Fourth Artillery. The 
 records of these commands are second to none. The deeds of 
 all are written upon some of the most splendid pages of the 
 history of the War, and especially upon those chronicling the 
 closing scenes. Standing on the scene where matchless valor 
 was so frequently displayed, none of us could but feel proud 
 of "Old Blue." 
 
 After going pretty well over the grounds, the party returned 
 to the city of Petersburg, and having an hour to spare before 
 the departure of the train, occupied the time by taking a drive 
 around the city. 
 
 The race course at West End was visited. It is a half-mile 
 track with a beautiful lake in the centre. WhUe returning, the 
 driver pointed out the " Eagland Building," which was used 
 during the war as a prison for colored prisoners, and is now 
 used as a tobacco factory by Idno & Mahone. We were also 
 shown the residence of Gen. Mahone. There is nothing strik- 
 ing about the place except that it is of more modem structxu-e 
 than most of the buildings in the vicinity. 
 
CHAPTER IX. 
 
 GOOD BYE I THE " BRIGADE'S " DEPARTURE. A PORCINE ACQUISITION. 
 WASHINGTON. HOME AGAIN. SOCIETY OP RICHMOND. 
 
 Adieu ! Adieu ! Remember me . 
 
 Hamlet, 
 
 Yourlovea as mine to you: Farewell. 
 Ibla. 
 
 When the " Brigade " assembled in the hotel Wednesday 
 night, Oct. 17, many were surprised to find a notice posted up 
 in a conspicuous place, to the effect that, instead of prolonging 
 their stay until the evening of the 18th, the "Brigade " would 
 depart immediately after breakfast in the morning. This 
 was unfortunate. The cause which led to it would have been 
 cured by a further stay. Some of the boys got it into their 
 heads that the lack of display of the National colors, which 
 marked their stay, was an indication that they were not welcome 
 guests. In vain were they assured to the contrary. In vain 
 were they assured that there were not a dozen American flags in 
 the city. In vain were they informed not only by their hosts, 
 but by Comrades who have traveled through the South, that it 
 is not the custom to make any display, nor etiquette to witness 
 a parade. 
 
 They were bound to be oi£ They desired to spend an after- 
 noon in Washington and also to get back home. Had the 
 " Brigade " remained another day in Richmond, it would have 
 "taken the town." The universal gentlemanly behavior of the 
 members, the sober and courteous demeanor which marked 
 
114 
 
 their conduct in the streets, thawed the people gradually, and 
 they were almost ready to forget the rough treatment received 
 at the hands of the Massachusetts soldiery at the Yorktown 
 Centennial, and to receive the " Brigade " to their hearts and 
 homes. That this is true is manifest from the following extracts 
 from the Richmond papers at the time. 
 
 " Seldom have we seen so fine a body of visitors as the gentlemen 
 composing Lincoln Post, of Newark, who are here as the guests of 
 Phil. Kearny Post, G. A. E., and Lee Camp, Confederate Veterans. 
 They are representative citizens of New Jersey, and we bid them wel- 
 come. These visits result in much good, establishing as they do 
 closer relations, both social and commercial, between the North and 
 South, and the oftener they occur the better. Many are the war re- 
 miniscences being related by "both sides" to-day, but all with the 
 pleasantest feeling. The only regret is that we haven't some of our 
 bright Indian summer on hand for our guests, but our hearts are warm 
 towards them all the same." — Richmond State, Oct. 17. 
 
 " It looked very much like 'old times' to see the familiar face of 
 Col. Kush Burgess on the streets of Bichmond once more yesterday. 
 He came with Lincoln ' Post,' from Newark, which is now his home, 
 and is the guest while in Richmond not only of the city and the Con- 
 federate Veterans, but of his daughter, Mrs. Manly B. Eamos — and 
 his grandson. . Col. Burgess was always a popular man in Petersburg 
 and Richmond, in spite of his political proclivities, and he has found 
 thousands of friends here who were sincerely glad to see him and make 
 him welcome to his old home." — Richmond Slate, Oct. 18. 
 
 ""We are glad to meet and greet our brothers in blue. We formerly 
 met under more unpleasant circumstances. We wish them a happy 
 visit."— Richmond W/iig, Oct. 17. 
 
 " The members of Lincoln Post, No. 11, Grand Army of the Repub- 
 lic, of Newark, N. J., with its splendid band and drum and fife corps 
 and the guests who accompanied them, whose pleasant arrival and re- 
 ception here Tuesday by Phil. Kearny Post, Grand Army of the Re- 
 public, and R. E. Lee Camp, No. 1, of Confederate Veterans, has al- 
 ready been described, were the recipients yesterday of gratifying at- 
 tentions generally on the part, of our citizens, whose welcome was as 
 
115 
 
 cordial as it was unaffected. All the points of historic interest about 
 the city were visited under escort during the day. The visitors — a 
 splendid body of Jersoymen— expressed their satisfaction individually 
 and collectively. Last night, Lincoln Post and Its bands visited a 
 number of localities, including the Dispatch and State offices and the 
 Commercial and Westmoreland Clubs, where their greeting was In 
 musical numbers followed by fraternal and cordial re-unions. The 
 visitors leave Richmond this morning for home, carrying with them 
 the best wishes and regards of our citizens." — Kichmbnd Dispatch, 
 Oct. 18. 
 
 "I never met a body of men where I felt so strong a desire to know 
 each one, for their manly and gentlemanly conduct indicated to know 
 them better is to admire and like them more." 
 
 W. C. Cabeington, 
 (In a letter of Oct. 24.) Mayor of Richmond. 
 
 This then is the record that the " Brigade " made in Eich- 
 mond, and had they remained they would have reaped the ben- 
 efit of it. However, " orders is orders ! " as one of the boys re- 
 marked, and early in the morning the " Brigade " bade adieu 
 to their kind friends. Their hosts accompanied them to the 
 special train which had brought them, waited for them and now 
 took them home again. On the way a Confederate battle flag 
 was presented by Capfc. K. H. Fox, of Lee Camp, to Lincoln 
 Post and is now in the Post room in Newark. Certificates of 
 honorary membership were presented to several Comrades and 
 good wishes were extended to aU. Many ladies waved " good 
 bye " with white handkerchiefs in whiter hands. The colored 
 population made the welkin ring with cheers. In short, the 
 City gave the " Brigade " a benediction when tbey departed. 
 The train was ready, the boys climbed aboard, the bell rang, 
 and amidst cheers the " Brigade " departed out of Richmond, 
 leaving behind many fond meriiories and warm friends. 
 
 At Quantico there was the usual change of locomotives. This 
 gave the boys time to skirmish. In a sty, near a house border- 
 ing on the railroad, a motherly sow was discovered, comfortably 
 
116 
 
 nursing a litter of four pretty pigs._ The poor mother was ruth- 
 lessly robbed of her children. In a twinkling aU were taken " in 
 one fell swoop.'' When the train started it bore the unlucky 
 pigs northward. They were in possession of Comrades Dan.. 
 McGuianess, Henry Hallock, John Evans and Jesse Carpenter. 
 It is just as well to state that the boys didn't steal the pigs. The 
 little animals are still alive (Nov. 21), and the other day Comrade 
 Hallock had his on Market street trotting after him like a dog. 
 Comrade Geo. W. Moore got hold of an opossum which a darky 
 was watering at the mouth over. " Possum am mighty good 
 eatin', boss," said the sable owner, " but money am a heap sight 
 better 'n 'possum. He am yours.'' 
 
 ' The " Brigade reached Washington about two o'clock P. M., 
 Oct. 18. They were met at the depot by Gen. S. S. Burdette, 
 Commander of the Department of the Potomac, G. A. R. Phil. 
 Kearny and Kit Carson Posts, of the G. A. R., were in force 
 and escorted the " Brigade " over a short line of march. The 
 boys were cheered as they marched up Pennsylvania Avenue. 
 At the National Hotel the " Brigade " halted and went to 
 dinner. 
 
 During the afternoon Senator Stainsby, Joseph E. Coult, and 
 Mayor-elect Joseph S. Haynes, as a Committee from the " Bri- 
 gade,'' waited upon Secretary Frelinghuysen, to notify him that 
 the " Brigade '' would call upon President Arthur when con- 
 venient to the latter. 
 
 Lincoln Post is a great favorite with Mr. Frelinghuysen, and 
 there were many of his warm personal friends in it, as well as 
 among the guests. The Secretary sent word that the President 
 was engaged with the reception of Lord Chief Justice Coleridge, 
 and could not tell when he would be at leisure. Mr. - Freling- 
 huysen afterward called upon the "Brigade" and was warmly, 
 received. 
 
 During the afternoon some of the boys visited the War De- 
 partment and the Washington Monument. By courtesy of Col. 
 Casey they were allowed to ascend to the top of ' the towering 
 shaft on the elevator used in the process of construction. The 
 
117 
 
 monument is finished to a height of 410 feet, at which it will re- 
 main till the work is resumed in the spring. . There is yet to be 
 added 140 feet before the shaft will be completed, but even now 
 the smooth white pillar is the loftiest artificial elevation on this 
 continent, and, with twelve or thirteen e;xceptions, on this plan- 
 et. When completed it will be the highest structure by human 
 hands in the world. Washingtoa will then be not only first in 
 war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his countrymen, 
 but also first in the height of his monument. 
 
 One does not comprehend the towering height of the garble 
 till he stands at the base and glances upward. Then it looks 
 its fuU altitude, and the visitor begins to understand the journey 
 about to be made in the platform car. 
 
 A " mathematician", as we stood at the base, explained the 
 nature of the trip. " We shall be," he said, " nine minutes go- 
 ing up, or forty-five feet to the minute. We can thus easily de- 
 termine as we go up, the height of rival elevations." 
 
 The car presently came in sight, slowly descending with a 
 load of sightseers who looked much relieved as they stepped off 
 the platform and separated. Two empty freight cars were then 
 shunted off on a tiny side track, and in their place two other 
 trucks, loaded with massive blocks of marble, were roUed upon 
 the platform. The visitors huddled about them. 
 
 The conductor puUed on a light wire rope, and we began to 
 ascend slowly. At ninety feet we were above aU the houses in 
 town. At 197 feet we were as high as the tower of Pisa. At 
 220 we were at the altitude of Notre Dame Cathedral in Mont- 
 real, at 222 passed above Bunker Hill Monument, and at 224 
 passed Notre Dame in Paris. 
 
 Six minutes. We have just passed over the Marent trestle on 
 the Northern Pacific, 266 feet, and are at the Minaret of the 
 Great Cairo Mosque, 282. Almost directly opposite is Trinity 
 spire, New York, 284. The tallest of the pagodas, the Pih- 
 She-t'ah, at Soochow, is below us at about 250 feet. Now we 
 are passing the Campanile at Florence, 292, and here comes the 
 top of the Capitol, 307 feet. 
 
118 
 
 Eight minutes. Milan Cathedral, 355; the Shoemadoo pa- 
 goda at Pegu, 361; St. Paul's, 862; Hotel de ViUe, Brussels, 
 370; Lubeck Cathedral, 395. Here we are, Antwerp Cathedral, 
 402; Washington Monument, at present, 410. 
 
 When completed, the. monument will be 555 feet high, higher 
 than any structure in the world. Those which will approach 
 it in height, are St. Stephen's in Austria, 441 feet; St. Peter's in 
 Rome, 457 feet; Spire of the Landshut, 465; Strasburg Ca- 
 thedral, 468; Pyramid of Cheops, 450; Cathedral at Cologne, 
 511 feet. If ever completed, the dome of the Philadelphia 
 Post-Office will be a few feet higher than the monument. The 
 " Brigade " carried away portions of the monument as relics. 
 They would undoubtedly have taken the monument itself, had 
 it not been too securely anchored, and time pressed. 
 
 Comrade J. C. Wambold writes : 
 
 " While in Washington, D. C, Comrades Simpson, Eoden, C. 
 L. Smith and J. C. Wambold, and Alderman Barnet, were in- 
 troduced to E. E. Schafhirt, Anatomist, connected with the 
 Q-overnment Anatomical Museum, who conducted the party 
 through the institution, pointed out, and explained many points 
 of interest, and finally treated the party to a sight of something, 
 which very recently the whole United States was interested in 
 viz. the head of Charles J. Guiteau, the murderer of our dearly 
 beloved President James A. Garfield. We were also shown the 
 clothing in which Guiteau was hung, and was each finally pre- 
 sented with an "ornament" from the coffin which enclosed his 
 remains, said ornaments being now in the possession of said 
 Comrades. After registering our names we returned to the 
 hotel to partake of a bountiful supply of food which had been 
 provided, and to which ample justice was done. After supper, . 
 the party mentioned partook of the entertainment provided by 
 Kit Carson and Lincoln Posts 2 and 3 of Washington."' 
 
 The historian is filled with regret that Comrade Wambold and 
 his jjarty did not bring away Guiteau's skull. Posted on high 
 
119 
 
 in Lincoln Post room it would have been at once an attractive (?) 
 ornament, and a warning to cranks. 
 
 At 8 o'clock in the evening the " Brigade " was escorted by 
 the Grand Army men of Washington to Abner's Hotel on "D " 
 street. Abner is an old resident of Newark and greeted his 
 friends wannly. 
 
 The Comrades of the Washington Posts iiivitedthe "Brigade" 
 to partake of an elegant collation. Of course they accepted. A 
 very pleasant evening was spent. During the post prandial 
 speech making, Senator Stainsby made the greatest speech of 
 his life. It stirred up the boys from the bottom, and applause 
 and cheers were constant. Mayor Haynes, Commander Mul- 
 cahey, Comrade E. B. Smith, Major Klotz, Prof. Coleman, Com- 
 mander Burdette and others made speeches. 
 
 Shortly after the arrival at the haU, the drum corps received 
 an invitation from George A. Custer Camp, Sons of Veterans, to 
 a reception being held by them. This was gladly accepted, 
 and the corps were well repaid for their visit, for a more 
 pleasant and courteous party than their hosts it would 
 be impossible to associate with, and the only regrets ex- 
 pressed, and they were unanimous, were that they were able to 
 spend such a short time in such agreeable company, and there 
 was some pretty lively stepping in order to catch the train with 
 the rest of the party aboard. At midnight all started home- 
 ward with bodies well tired out, but with hearts forever associat- 
 ed with pleasant memories. 
 
 The "Brigade " reached Newark at 8 o'clock A. M., Oct. 19th. 
 It, was met at Chestnut St. station by delegations from G. A. E. 
 Posts in the city, marched up Broad St. to Lincoln Post Quarters 
 and immediately dismissed. 
 
 At the nest meeting of Lincoln Post, held Oct. 22, the soldierly 
 deportment of the G. A. R guests who accompanied the Post 
 to Eichmond was discussed, warmly praised, and the Adjutant 
 was instructed to express officially the Post's satisfaction. 
 
 At that same meeting, the Post unanimously resolved to 
 
120 
 
 invite our hosts in Kichmond to visit us in Newark, and Adjutant 
 Pearson was instructed to send the invitation. 
 
 At the same meeting Comrades Brown, E. B. Smith, Gifford, 
 Dusenberry and Simpson were appointed to draft resolutions 
 expressing the thanks of the Post to its friends in Eichmond for 
 tieir hospitable and kindly reception and care of the " Bri- 
 gade.'' 
 
 At the request of the Richmond friends one hundred and ten 
 of the canes used by the " Brigade " were shipped to them. 
 
 A resolution of thanks to Mayor Carrington for his kindness 
 and courtesy in extending the freedom of the City of Eichmond 
 to the "Brigade" was passed, and a copy was ordered sent to 
 him, which was done. 
 
 Mayor Carrington acknowledged receipt of the resolution, as 
 
 follows: 
 
 Mayor's Office, 
 Kichmond, Va., Oct. 24, 1883. 
 Capt. Thomas Pbabson, 
 
 idj't Lincoln Post No. 11, 
 
 Grand Army of the Eepublic. 
 
 Mt Dbab Sib : — I feel honored in the kind remembrance of 
 
 your Comrades as expressed in the resolutions of your Post on the 
 
 22d, Inst., and so courteously conveyed in your letter of the 23d, inst. 
 
 I never met a body of men whore I felt so strong a desire to 
 
 know each one, for their manly and gentlemanly conduct indicated to 
 
 know them better is to admire and like them more. 
 
 * * * # 
 * ■ * * * 
 
 With kindly regards to all who were with you and a hope for 
 further acquaintance with each, 
 
 I am, Yours most truly, 
 
 W. C. Cabeington, 
 
 Mayor. 
 
 Messages of thanks were sent to the Washington Comrades 
 for the prompt and fraternal reception they gave the " Brigade " 
 when in Washington. 
 
 On Nov. 5, the Committee on Resolutions to the Eichmond 
 Comrades reported the following, which were unanimously 
 .adopted : 
 
121 
 
 % 
 
 r^^i^ 
 
 ^^^(?^: 
 
 SIC m?l\ TYRANNUS. 
 
 AND 
 
 LIBERTY m PROSPERITY. 
 
 cl' 
 
 LINCOLN POST NO. 11, G. A. E., 
 
 TO 
 
 EOBERT E. LEE CAMP NO. 1, 0. V. 
 
 GKEBTING. 
 
 At a regular muster of Lincoln Post No. 11, G. A. E., De- 
 partment of New Jersey, held on Monday, Nov. 5, 1883, the 
 following resolutions were unanimously adopted : 
 
 KBSOiiVBD — That we, the Comrades of Lincoln Post, do hereby 
 tender to our Comrades of Eobert E. Lee Camp No. 1, Confederate 
 Veterans of Eichmond, Va., our sincere and hearty thanks for the 
 cordial greeting and generous hospitality accorded to us by them on 
 our visit to their city, on the 16th day of October, 1883. 
 
 Eesolvbd — That we, appreciating as we do the warm fraternal 
 feeling evinced by them, do, with this, tender to them in return, the 
 right hand of fellowship with the assurance that the name and Com- 
 
122 
 
 rades of Kobert E. Lee Camp will ever claim from us the respect and 
 honor due to brave soldiers and faithful Comrades. 
 
 EESOiiVED— That a tablet with name and roster of Kobert E. Lee 
 Camp No. 1, Confederate Veterans, shall be placed in our Post room as 
 a tribute of respect to them, our fellow Countrymen and Brothers. 
 
 Eesolved — That a copy of these resolutions, suitably engrossed, 
 be sent to Robert E. Lee Camp No. 1, Confederate Veterans of Rich- 
 mond, Va. 
 
 An elegantly engrossed and framed copy of the above was 
 sent to the Camp and the Post in Richmond, the name of Phil. 
 Kearney Post No. 10. G. A. E., being substituted for R. E. Lee 
 Camp No. 1, Confederate Veterans, in the copy sent to the 
 G. A. R. organization. 
 
 Society of Richmond. 
 
 So sensible were the members of the " Brigade ", of the pleas- 
 ure they had enjoyed, during the expedition, and of the courtesy 
 extended to them by our friends in Richmond, that it was 
 determined to perpetuate the affair by organizing " The Society 
 of Richmond ". In accordance with this determination nearly a 
 hundred of the " Brigade " met in Lincoln Post Headquarters 
 on Friday Nov. 23d, to form an organization to commemorate 
 their visit, and to cement the friendships formed at that time 
 with those who wore the grey in the late war. The meeting 
 was called to order by F. W. Sullivan, and on his nomination 
 Joseph Coult was chosen temporary chairman, and Assistant 
 Postmaster Wambold, Secretary. After a brief discussion as to 
 the object of the meeting, and a general expression of approval 
 of the proposed action, a committee was appointed on permanent 
 
123 
 
 organization, composed of Judge Fort, Mayor-elect Haynes, 
 Alderman Dusenberry, F. W. Sullivan and T. W. Seaman. After 
 a brief consultation this committee reported the following offic- 
 ers: President, Hon. William Stainsby ; Vice-Presidents, Joseph 
 E. Haynes, Joseph Coult, William H. Hamilton, John E. Muel- 
 ler, Edward Brainard, Robert Kierstead, A. J. Marsh; Secretary, 
 Joseph C. Wambold; Treasurer, Samuel Klotz; Sergeant-at- 
 arms, Benjamin Knapp; Executive Committee, J. Frank Fort, 
 J. Rennie Smith, F. W. Sullivan, Rush Burgess, L. R. Barnard, 
 Augustus Dusenberry and J. Jacob Hockenjos. 
 
 It was announced that during the coming winter the Society 
 will present a series of attractive entertainments, well worthy 
 of public attention, and wiU do all in their power to crystalize 
 the friendships begun at Richmond, and in every possible way 
 bring the people of the North and South to a better under- 
 standing and a more general interchange of sentiment and 
 feeling. 
 
 So ends the history of this memorable trip, memorable 
 because of the distance traversed, the size of the " Brigade," and 
 the educational effect upon both sides. The tour did more to 
 enlighten both sides as to the true feeling of each other, than a 
 year's reading could have done. We went expecting a pleasant 
 reception from our late enemies and received a brother's wel- 
 come. We found that the south is recuperating from the effects 
 of the war and that it is rapidly developing in science, mechan- 
 ics, manufactures and agriculture. We found that the Union 
 is indeed one and indivisible, and that it is as dear to the south 
 as to the north. We found a people active, inteUigent, tender, 
 affectionate and true, and especially did we find in our Com- 
 rades, hosts whose big hearts and slender purses were ours. 
 This we found, and appreciated. 
 
 We found, and wept over the graves of the Boys in Blue, and 
 we moiu'ned for those who were not ; but loving bravery and 
 
124 
 
 courage we could mingle our tears with those of the Boys in 
 Grey, over Comrades who gave their lives without flinching, for 
 the cause they loved and believed rights. To the living we can 
 say with unfeigned sincerity, " Brothers !" 
 
 To the dead, of Blue and Grey alike, we can say : 
 
 "Closed is the brunt of the glorious fight, 
 
 And the day, like a conqueror, bursts on the night. 
 
 Trumpet and fife swelling choral along. 
 
 The triumph already sweeps marching in song : 
 
 Farewell fallen brothers, when this life is o'er. 
 
 There's another, in which we shall meet you once more." 
 
 As the years go by, and the time approaches when the men 
 who fought out this great fight shall have passed away from the 
 theatre of action, more and more to our mental view rises the 
 vision which came to one, near Lockesly Hall, who 
 
 Dip't into the future, far as human eyes could see, 
 
 Saw the vision of the world and all the wonder that would be ; 
 
 Saw the heavens filled with commerce, argosies of magic sails, 
 Pilots of the purple twilight, dropping down with costly bales ; 
 
 Heard the heavens filled with shouting, and thei'e reigned a ghastly 
 
 dew 
 From the nation's airy navies grappling in the central blue ; 
 
 Far along the world-wide whisper of the south wind rushing warm. 
 With the standards of the peoples plunging thro' the thunderstorm; 
 
 Till the war drum throbbed no longer and the battle flags were 
 
 furled 
 In the Parliament of man, the Federation of the world ; 
 
 There the common sense of most shall hold a fretful realm in awe. 
 And the kindly earth shall slumber, lapt in universal law. 
 
 FINIS. 
 
■N \ -ft* 
 
 
 s\\N ^