i 
 
 
 :m'.mm< 
 
Cornell University 
 Library 
 
 The original of tliis book is in 
 tine Cornell University Library. 
 
 There are no known copyright restrictions in 
 the United States on the use of the text. 
 
 http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924059934079 
 
CORNELL UMVEHSnV LIBRAIiV 
 
 3 1924 059 934 079 
 
THE BOOK OF TOBIT 
 
 NEVBAUEB 
 
HENRY FROWDE, M.A. 
 
 PUBLISHER TO THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD 
 
 LONDON, EDINBURGH, AND NEW YORK 
 
THE 
 
 BOOK OF TOBIT 
 
 A CHALDEE TEXT 
 
 FROM 
 
 A UNIQUE MS. IN THE BODLEIAN LIBRARY 
 
 WITH OTHBK 
 
 EABBINICAL TEXTS, ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS 
 AND THE ITALA 
 
 EDITED BY 
 
 AD. NEUBAUEE, M.A. 
 
 SUB-LIBEARIAN OF THE BODLEIAN LIBBAEt 
 
 AT THE CLARENDON PR^Sj 
 
 MDCOOLXXVIII 
 
 \^All rights resened'\ 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 Jerome, in his preface to the translation of Tobit^ says 
 that he translated it from a Chaldee text. We give his 
 own words ^: 
 
 'Chromatio et Heliodoro Episcopis Hieronymus Pres- 
 bj'ter in Domino salutem. 
 
 ' Mirari non desino exactionis vestrae instantiam : exi- 
 gitis enim, ut librum Chaldaeo sermone conscriptum ad 
 Latinum stylum traham, librum utique Tobiae, quem 
 Hebraei de catalogo divinarum Scripturarum secantes, 
 his, quae Apocrypha memorant^ manciparunt. Feci satis 
 desiderio vestro, non tamen meo studio. Arguunt enim 
 nos Hebraeorum studia, et imputant nobis contra suum 
 canonem Latinis auribus ista transferre. Sed melius esse 
 judicans Pharisaeorum displicere judicio, et Episcoporum 
 jussionibus deservire, institi ut potui. Et quia vicina est 
 Chaldaeorum lingua sermoni Hebraico, utriusque linguae 
 peritissimum loquacem reperiens, unius diei laborem arri- 
 pui : et quidquid ille mihi Hebraicis, verbis expressit, hoc 
 ego, aceito notario, sermonibus Latinis exposui. Orationibus 
 vestris mercedem hujus operis eompensabo, quum gratum 
 vobis didicero me, quod jubere estis dignati, complesse.' 
 
 Since his time nothing had been heard of a Chaldee text 
 of Tobit ; no criticj however, doubted the veracity of the 
 
 ' Opera, ed.Vallarsi, Verona, 1740, t. a. 
 
VI PllEFACK. 
 
 father's statement. The text which we now publish agret 
 in one important point with the version of the Vulgat 
 in representing Tobit in the first chapters in the thii 
 person, whilst in all other old versions he speaks in tl 
 first person. It is true, however, that our Chaldee text 
 less in accordance with the Vulgate than with the otht 
 texts, as we shall point out later on, and in many plao 
 it differs in order and words from Jerome's transli 
 tion. This, however, can be accounted for. On tl 
 one hand, there are many omissions in our MS. of tl 
 Chaldee text^, and it has most likely been abridged f 
 adaptation to the Midrash. On the other hand, Jerom 
 who translated his text in one day with the help of 
 Jewish interpreter, dictating it at the same time in Latin 
 his secretary, could hardly have made an accurate tran 
 lation. Moreover, he made use, as is evident, of the o 
 Latin version, called the Itala; and it cannot be doubti 
 that he revised his translation before giving it to the publ; 
 His method in translating Tobit, although he does n 
 mention it, was probably the same as that which he employ^ 
 in the translation of Judith from a Chaldee text. We que 
 a part of his preface to that book ^ : ' Apud Hebraeos Lib 
 Judith inter Apocrypha legitur : cujus auctoritas ad rob 
 randa ilia quae in contentionem veniunt, minus idon 
 judicatur. Chaldeo tamen sermone conscriptus, inter hisi 
 rias computatur. Sed quia hune librum Synodus Nicae 
 in numero sanetarum Scripturarum legitur computas 
 
 • See pp. 6, 7, 8, 9, and 15. On p. 8, lines 3-5, the text is even out 
 order. 
 
 ^ Opera, t. x. Vallarai already says, 'Eo fortasse, quo Tobiae ven 
 nem modo adomaverat, ut quae Chaldaice soripta erant, alio in Hebraic 
 reddente, ipse in Latiuum refunderet, historiae ma^s veritatem qii 
 sententiarum et verborum seriem sedulo persequutuB.' See also Bickel 
 the Zeitschrift fiir Katholische Theologie, 1878, ii, p. 221. 
 
TREPACE. VI 1 
 
 acquicvi postulationi vestrae, immo exactioni : et sepositis 
 oceupationibus, quibus veliementer aretabar, huic unam 
 lucubratiunculam dedi, magis sensum e sensu quam ex 
 verbo verbum transferens. Multorum codicum varietatem 
 vitiosissimam amputavi : sola ea, quae intelligentia integra 
 in verbis Chaldaeis invenire potui, Latinis expressi ^' 
 ■ Accordingly, if we take into consideration the somewhat 
 arbitrary proceedings of the Rabbi who adapted his text 
 to the Midrash, and of Jerome who paid more attention to 
 the sense than to the words, and who evidently made 
 many additions (e. g. ii. 12-19, iii. 16-^23, vi. 17 to end), we 
 may venture to say that our Chaldee text in a more com- 
 plete form was the original from which the translation of 
 the Vulgate was made. 
 
 Before entering into details on the old versions of Tobit 
 and their relations to the Chaldee text, we must give 
 some account of our MS. It was bought at Constanti- 
 nople by Herr Fischel Hirsch, bookseller at Halberstadt, 
 and purchased from him for the Bodleian Library. It 
 contains a collection of smaller and larger Midrashim^, 
 copied in the fifteenth century in Greek-rabbinical charac- 
 ters. The book of Tobit is the fifth piece of this collection, 
 and is stated to be an extract from the Midrash Rabbab de 
 Rabbah. We know the Midrash Rabbah or Rabboth on the 
 Pentateuch and the five Scrolls, of which that on Genesis is 
 
 ' We take the opportunity of correcting Dr. Jellinek's statement (Beth 
 ham-Midrash, i, p. xxiii), that the first Hebrew translation of the book of 
 Judith was made by K. 'Aqiba Levi in 1679. There are two earlier 
 translations of this book : i. A literal one of the text of the Vulgate, made 
 before 1547 A. D., to be found in the MS. 0pp. 713 in the Bodleian 
 Library (see our Catalogue, No. 2240). 2. A less literal one, printed at 
 Venice, about 1650 (see Steinschneider's Catal. Bodl., No. 1340, and 
 [Zedner's] Catalogue of the British Museum, p. 149). 
 
 '' See our Catalogue of the Bodleian Hebrew MSS., No. 2339. 
 
Vlll PUEFACE. 
 
 attributed to R. Osh'ayai, j^^t qq mention whatever is 
 made of a Midrash Rabbah de Rabbah^ either in old or 
 in modern works on Jewish literature. Raymund Martini, 
 however, gives in his Pugio Fidei^ a large number of 
 extracts from a Midrash B'reshith (i. e. on Genesis) major, 
 and amongst them a part of the history of Bel and the 
 Dragon, agreeing verbatim with the text here published from 
 our MS.^ In our MS. it is said to be extracted from the 
 Midrash Rabbah de Rabbah. It is certain therefore that 
 the Midrash major on Genesis of Martini and our Midrash 
 Rabbah de Rabbah are identical. Don Isaac Abarbanel *, 
 who seems to have possessed a copy of this Midrash major, 
 quotes it under the name of B'reshith Rabba RabbathS, or 
 the great B'reshith Rabbah ^. According to our MS., how- 
 ever, we must call it the Midrash Rabbah of Rabbah, 
 i. e. attributed to Rabbah^. Martini gives also many 
 extracts from a B'reshith major on Genesis, attributed to 
 R. Moses had-Darshan, which Zunz "^ thinks identical with 
 the already-mentioned B'reshith major. Th^y are, how- 
 ever, in our opinion, two different books, for the following 
 reasons: I. We give on p. ^6 of the text an additional 
 passage to the Midrash Thanhuma, which is attributed to 
 R. Moses had-Darshan, referring to the history of Tobit, 
 though no names are given. Now this piece has little in 
 
 ' See Zunz, Die Gottesdienstliohen Vortrage der Juden, p. 174. 
 
 ' Edition of Voisin, p. 742. s See the text, p. 41. 
 
 • Y'shu'oth M'shiho, ed. of Carlsnihe, p. 28* and elsewhere. 
 
 ' Our printed Midrash is called by Martini mvnor and by Abarbanel 
 NB11. Alfonso de Zamora quotes the two under the name of B'reshith 
 Rabbah u-K'tanah (see Archives des Missions Scientifiquea, 2nd series t.v 
 (Paris, 1858), p. 428). 
 
 ° We do not think nmT nai can be taken in the sense of the 
 Thalmudical expression Nam Kill. R. Jehudah Gedalyah (see Jellinek 
 in a"nn mcjlp, p. 47) quotes a Midrash 'nai nn. 
 
 ' See below, p. xix. 
 
PEE]? ACE. IX 
 
 common with our text of Tobit extracted from the anony- 
 mous Midrash major, a. Don Isaac Abarbanel, as we have 
 stated, possessed a copy of the Midrash ma,] or, but when 
 he quotes the extracts from the B'reshith Rabbah of 
 R. Moses had-Darshan, he adds that he cannot verify 
 the quotation. Martini had therefore, no doubt, two 
 Midrashim furnished him by the Jews, either in two 
 distinct MSS. or in one, where the text was the Midrash 
 major and the marginal notes or addition by R. Moses 
 had-Darshan. This last was the case with the MS. of 
 the Midrash Rabbathi, formerly in possession of the cele- 
 brated Rapoport i, and now in the library of the Jewish 
 congregation at Prague, and which Dr. Jellinek describes 
 as the work of R. Moses had-Darshan ^. 
 
 Our Chaldee text quoted from the Midrash Rabbah of 
 Rabbah, which we have identified with the B'reshith Rab- 
 bah major of Martini, would, even if we were to accept 
 Zunz's identification of it with the B'reshith Rabbah of 
 R. Moses had-Darshan^ be known at all events at the 
 beginning of the eleventh century amongst the Jews ^. 
 It must, however, be much older (as might have been 
 argued from our distinction between the two Midrashim, 
 viz. the anonymous major and that of R. Moses had- 
 Darshan), since it is anterior to the Hebrew text published 
 by us, which is believed to be from the fifth to the seventh 
 century *. For the Hebrew cannot be a translation from 
 
 ' See below, p. xix. 
 
 2 Beth ham-Midraah, vi, p. xiv sqq., and 3"'"in D1Q:ip, p. 47. "We may 
 add that the Agadio § § on pp. 1 5 to 1 8 and on p. xvi of Beth ham-Midrash 
 are also to be found in our MS. ff. 44 and 49' with better readings (e. g. 
 on p. 18, 333 DID nw:D Q3U) '3m). The Agadio § in Hebrew of i, p. 84 
 of the same work, is to be found in our MS. in Chaldee on p. 41. 
 
 ^ See the extract from Zunz below, p. xix. 
 
 ' See FritBche's Exegetisohes Handbuch zu den Apocryphen, 2nd faso.,, 
 
 b 
 
X PJIEPACE. 
 
 the Itala, as has been hitherto believed^, but must be from 
 a Chaldee text similar to ours, in which, however, Tobit 
 speaks throughout in the first person^. We conclude, 
 therefore, that Jerome had our present Chaldee text m a 
 fuller form before him when he made his translation of 
 the book. 
 
 We have now to make brief mention of the various old 
 texts of the book of Tobit and their relations to one another. 
 We shall follow entirely Prof. Bickell's excellent article on 
 the subject ^. a. There are three Greek versions : i. The one 
 usually found in all MSS., which we shall call A ; 2. The 
 Sinaitic text*, called B; 3. A later text, of which only 
 large fragments exist ^, which we call C. 13. Of Latin 
 translations, the earlier is the Itala, of which three ^ ver- 
 sions exist, varying considerably one from the other: a. The 
 complete text published by Pierre Sabatier'', which we 
 reproduce in full, this book not being accessible to every 
 biblical scholar; b. That edited by Giuseppe Bianchini*; 
 
 Leipz. 1S63, p. 14. The Hebrew translation published by Fagius from 
 the edition of Constantinople, 1519, is' certainly much more recent than 
 the Mtinster text. Not only from the artificial style ought Prof. Fritsohe' 
 to have known that, but also from passages like wjo'^xa 'nD'jrrc is 
 (ii. it) and the play upon the words jnnN 'n.y for 'Axidxapos. 
 
 ' Fritsche, loo. cit. 
 
 ^ Bickell in the Katholisohe Zeitschrift, ii, p. 219. 
 
 ' Op. cit., pp. 217, 218. 
 
 * Published by Prof. Reusch in 1870. 
 
 ° Published by Prof. Fritsche, op. cit., pp. 89-110. 
 
 ' The library of Munich possesses an unedited version, which Dr. Ziegler 
 intends to publish shortly. 
 
 ' Bibliorum sacrorum Latinae versiones antiquae seu vetus Italica etc., 
 Paris, 1751, t. i, fol. 709 sqq. Tlie figures agree with the Vulgate. We 
 have corrected a few evident clerical mistakes, and have made a few altera- 
 tions in the punctuation. 
 
 ' Vindioiae canonicarum Scripturarum Vulgatae Latinae editionibus etc. 
 Rome, 1740, fol. 350 sqq. 
 
PUBFACE. xi 
 
 c. The fragments published by Cardinal Mai^. y. The Vul- 
 gate is the later translation by Jerome, which was made from 
 a Chaldee text, the translator making large use of the Itala^. 
 8. Our Chaldee text, which agrees for the greater part with 
 the Sinaitie text, and consequently with the Itala. How- 
 ever, the Chaldee text has sentences which are to be found 
 sometimes in one, sometimes in another of the above- 
 mentioned texts ^ ; others are peculiar to the Chaldee text 
 or the Hebrew translation. This fact alone would be 
 sufficient to shew that the Chaldee is not a translation 
 from one of the Greek or the Latin texts*; and moreover 
 the pure Semitic idiom of the Chaldee text does not admit 
 for a moment the possibility of its being a translation from 
 a non-Semitic text°. e. The Hebrew text which we pub- 
 lish is a translation from an earlier recension of our Chaldee 
 text, which preserved the more original form, viz. Tobit 
 speaking in the first person. In fact, many omissions 
 
 ' Ex antiqua versione seu Italica Vetera divinorum Librorum frag- 
 menta (t. ix of Spicilegium Eomanum), p. 21 sqq. 
 
 "^ Fr. H. Beusch, Das Buch Tobias, Freiburg, 1.857, P- xxxiv. 
 
 ^ We cannot undertake to point out minutely all the differences of the 
 various Greek and Latin texts from the Chaldee and Hebrew texts, our 
 edition being intended to give the newly-discovered text with »■ faithful 
 translation, and not an exegetical commentary on Tobit. We shall there- 
 fore quote only a few of those differences. Chap. I. rra'lp nipT 'nins 
 (text, p. 4, 1. 6), ' the brother of Kabri hiskinsmanXtransl. p. xxviii), is neither 
 in the Hebrew nor in the Vulgate. In the Itala (i. 16), 'fratri meo fiBo 
 Gabahel (in b. et Gabin).' Greek, A. ry ab€K<p!f Tafipla, B. toC Tafipi tiS 
 &Se\<pw liov, C. t£ dSe\<pqi to5 ra$p(i. P. 3, 1. 16, nm to NE'icp only 
 in the Chaldee. P. 5, I. 12, IDS! nas ')31 with Itala b. cotidie. See 
 also Dr. Bickell's above-mentioned article, p. 218. 
 
 * The forms of Eagais or Kagas, Egbatanes or Egbatanas, and Tigi-in would 
 scarcely occur in the text if translated from the Greek or the Latin. The 
 same may be said of the form "ip'pN for 'Axix^po^ 'Ax^u^XV"^' 'Axiko/Jos, 
 and Achicarus. 
 
 = The biblical verses agree mostly with the translation of Onqelos. 
 
 b 3 
 
Xll PREFACE. 
 
 and not a few corruptions in our Chaldee text, whieli i9 
 published from a single MS., can be supplied and amended 
 from the Hebrew translation, but the Hebrew translation 
 has additions by the copyists, such as the enlargement oi 
 the prayers and Midrashic application of biblical verses. 
 Both Chaldee and Hebrew leave out the mention of the 
 dog ; nor have they the latter part of the thirteenth or 
 any portion of the fourteenth chapter. The latter omis- 
 sions, however, are to be also found in a Syriac text based 
 on a Greek version, and in a MS. of the Itala^. The Hebrew 
 text, although shorter, agrees in the last chapters partly 
 with the Sinaitie text. 
 
 We publish the Hebrew text from the first edition 
 printed at Constantinople in 1516, which Sebastian Miinster 
 reproduced in 1542, and which is hence usually but wrongly 
 called the Miinster text, as if he had been the first who 
 published it. This text is marked in our notes with M. 
 The same text, with Miinster's Latin version, is to be found 
 in Walton's Polyglot. Collation has been made with the 
 following MSS. : i. By ourselves with No. 1251 of the 
 Hebrew MSS. in the National Library in Paris, marked in 
 the notes with P. This is not an accurate copy, but some 
 of its variations will be found useful. On the margin are 
 to be found some variations from the Miinster text. The 
 few additions in this MS. not to be found in the other 
 copies are distinguished by [ ]. 3. With the Persian ^ 
 translation of the Hebrew, written in Hebrew characters, 
 to be found in No. 130 of the Hebrew MSS. in the National 
 
 ' See Bickell, op. cit., p. 216. 
 
 ^ According to Prof. De Lagarde (Gottinger Gelehrten Anzeige, 1877, 
 i, p. 743 sqq.) this translation is made in the Pehlewi idiom, which the 
 Jews in Persia spoke, just as now in Turkey Jews still speak Spanish 
 after having been ejdled from Spain nearly four centuries. 
 
PREFACE. , xiii . 
 
 Library. This translation was probably made about 1400 
 A. D.^, and is only a literal and ignorant translation'* ; but 
 it is therefore of value for the critical arrangement of the 
 Hebrew text. Two of the variations are rather import- 
 ant, as they agree with the Vulgate ^. We have marked 
 this MS. in the notes with Pr. It agrees completely 
 with the following text. 3. By our friend the learned 
 Abbate Pierre Perreau, librarian of the Royal Library of 
 Parma, with No. 194 of De-Rossi's Catalogue. It is marked 
 in our notes with n.* The passages to be found in M. and 
 n. and not in P. are pointed out by ( ). No division into 
 chapters or verses exists in the MSS. of the Chaldee and 
 the Hebrew versions, but we have for convenience of the 
 reader adopted the division into chapters according to the 
 Itala^. There are, however, some blank spaces in the MS. 
 which we have marked either by : or a full stop. 
 
 In order to be complete as regards the history of Tobit 
 in the Midrashic literature, we have added in No. III. the 
 passage contained in the addition to the Midrash Than- 
 huma according to the edition of Mantua. There is, 
 however, another reason for the addition of this textj viz. 
 the argument it supplies for distinguishing the anonymous 
 
 * See Munk's introduction to Isaiah in Cahen's Bible, Paris, 1838, 
 
 p. 134 sqq- 
 
 2 See p. 19, note 8; p. 25, note 9. insffio (text, p. 24, 1. 7) 'from 
 drunltenneas' (Itala iv. 16) is translated by {Jjtiyt jl 'from a hired la- 
 bourer.' ?!< n'33, p. 20, 1. 18, (^b^ sjLsrf . He translates the following 
 proper names; 'lo with p«T», ,^22 with TMiJa, Em« with n":Q:EiDV, 
 111BN with ^snn. 
 
 » P. 20, note 6 ; Vulg. ii. 3, de accubitu suo. P. 21, note 3 ; Vulg. ii. 
 II, ex nido. 
 
 * Huet (Demonstratio Evangelioa, Prop. IV, de libro Tobiae) knew 
 either the MS. P. or n. See also Bochairt's Hierozoicon, II. v. 14, de 
 pisce Tobiae. 
 
 = The division in the Hebrew text is left according to Munster. 
 
XIV PEEFACE. 
 
 B'reshith Rabbah major from that of R.Moses had-Darshan. 
 For this reason we have also thought it necessary to add in 
 an appendix the history of Bel and the Dragon in the Syriac 
 version 1, which is given in the MS. as extracted from the 
 Midrash Rabbah of Rabbah, and part of which, as we have 
 already stated, is quoted in the Pugio Fidei as taken from 
 the Midrash major. The Syriac version of the Apocrypha, 
 transcribed in Hebrew characters, was known amongst the 
 Jews in Spain. Moses ben Nahman of Gerona, usually 
 known as Nahmanides, quotes in his commentary on the 
 Pentateuch passages of the Syiiae version of the Wisdom 
 of Solomon, and the M'gillath Shushan, or the book of 
 Judith '^. To this we have annexed a small passage of the 
 B'reshith Rabbah, or the Midrash Rabbah on Genesis, which 
 alludes to the history of Bel and the Dragon. We may 
 mention, however, that this passage is not to be found in 
 some MSS. of this Midrash, a statement which will be 
 useful for the vindication of Raymund Martini against 
 recent attacks upon him, which follows as a note to this 
 preface. 
 
 We have now to say a word about the language in 
 which the original book of Tobit was composed. That the 
 author wrote in a Semitic dialect cannot be doubted ; the 
 earliest translations sufficiently prove this ^. Written by 
 a Jew, we have only to choose between the Hebrew of 
 the later idiom and the Chaldee, from which last our text 
 would be abridged and adapted to the Midrash. We agree 
 here again with Dr. Bickell*, that the original composition 
 
 ' We have thought it superfluous to give a translation of it, since a Latin 
 translation of it is given in the Polyglot. 
 
 ^ See Zunz, op. cit., p. 123. 
 
 ^ See Eeusch, Das Buoh Tobias, p. xvi sqq. 
 
 ' Op. cit., p. 219. We cannot, however, admit his conjecture (ibid, 
 p. 220), that the original text in vi. 16 (Vulgate 19) had n^u'; nnn, 
 
PEETACE. XV 
 
 of the book was in Hebrew, although no such text is 
 mentioned by Origen and his contemporaries. Indeed, 
 proper names like Rafael, i.e. 'may God heaP' (with 
 allusion to the double healing of Tobi and Sarah), Tobi and 
 
 and that the Chaldee read for it riMJIl'? and translated accordingly (p. ii, 
 1. 4) niBil'j mnn, since this error would be Impossible in the corres- 
 ponding passage on p. 12, 1. 12. Ti; Bdo\ in i. 5 of the Greek A is a 
 corruption for Beth El (text, p. 3, 1. 12). Another argument for a 
 Hebrew original of Tobit is adduced by Prof. Graetz (Geschichte der 
 Juden, 2nd edition, vol. iv, p. 466), and literally translated by Dr. Gins- 
 burg (in Kitto's Cyclopedia, art. Tobit), from the passage iv. 17, "^icxfov 
 Tovs apTovs ffov €7rL rov T&tpov rthif Si/caiaiy (Chaldee, p. 8, 1. 10 ; Hebrew, 
 p. 34, 1. 9"), which, they say, could only be explained if we suppose the 
 original had D-p'TSn np3 "(nnVn'jM) 'send forth thy bread amongst 
 the just;' 'the translator (Dr. Ginsburg says) by »■ transposition of the 
 last two letters having read T3p3 instead of np2, and "jcv instead of 
 nbv, as is evident from the antithetical clause, "and give it not to the 
 wicked.*" The two authors might have mentioned the text of Itala b: 
 ' Panem tuum et vinum distribue cum justis.' The emendation is, according 
 to our opinion, not necessary at all. In old times it was already customary 
 for the friends of mourners to bring them food and drink ; compare 2 Sam. 
 iii. 35 (Ewald, Die AlterthUmer des Volkes Israel, 3rd ed., p. 204). Siraoh 
 (30. 18) and .Josephus (B. J., II. i. i) aUude to the same custom (Pritsche, 
 op. cit., p. 46, and Perles, in Frankel's Monatsschrift, t. x, p. 394). The 
 Thalmud also mentions similar usages (S'mahoth, chap. 14, and Jer. Th. 
 B'rakhoth iii. 5). The meal of the mourners (n«i3n miSD) after 
 the burial, which is still in use among the Jews, is no doubt a remnant 
 of the ancient rite (private communication of Dr. Perles) ; for -[ D ffi as 
 well as iKx^fiv in the sense of ' giving freely,' see Fritsche, op. cit., p. 45, 
 and Bab. Thahn., "Erubin, fol. 66". Jerome's translation, 'constitue 
 panem' etc., would imply the reading '■tibn instead of ivc« of our 
 text. The emendation of ITi:SD, proposed by Dr. Kohut (Geiger's 
 -Jtldische Zeitsohrift, 1872, p. 55) for D'TSO (p. 12, 1. 13, and p. 29, 1. 16), 
 cannot be admitted ; see p. xvii. The problem could perhaps be solved if 
 we could guess what word the original might have had for x^'t>^lP<^<P'>v, 
 chirographum (chaps, v. and ix), where the Chaldee and the Hebrew texts 
 have ' bag.' Dr. Perles proposes either id in, which means ' writing' (Isaiah 
 viii. I) as well as 'bag' (2 Kings v. 23), or the Thalmudical Mpon (see 
 Levy's Neuhebraiaches und Chaldaisches Lexicon, i. 400 and ii. 169, 170). 
 ' See Pagius' preface to his edition of Tobit (p. x, note i). 
 
XTl PREFACE. 
 
 Tobiyyah (the former only used in later Hebrew), Gabaiel, 
 'treasurer of God,' Reuel, and Ednah in connection with 
 Sarah, could only be employed by a writer in Hebrew. 
 Most of the Apocryphal books of the Old Testament, it 
 has now been proved by critics, were composed in Hebrew . 
 No books are more subject to additions, alterations, and 
 various adaptations than popular histories; the text is in 
 the hands of a few, and the contents are related orally to 
 the people ; hence the great variety in the texts, even of the 
 early translations. 
 
 As to the object of the beautiful story of Tobit, it is in 
 our opinion neither an admonition to observe the payment 
 of the tithes and to give alms, according to the view of the 
 Midrash (which Ewald has adopted without knowing the 
 Midrash), nor an exhortation to observe the sacrifices and 
 other laws mentioned in Leviticus. Such admonitions would 
 be nothing new, and there would be no occasion to compose 
 a popular history to enforce them. We believe with Prof. 
 Graetz, and Dr. Kohut, that the frequent and strange 
 allusion to a secret burial of dead men, the special demand 
 of Tobi to bury him and his wife in honour, the lamentation 
 of Sarah that she had no one to bury her parents, must 
 refer to a time when this action was prohibited to the 
 Jews. Of this we know two periods in Jewish history : 
 I . In the time of the domination of the Guebres in Persia, 
 on which ground Dr. Kohut ^ thinks that the book was 
 composed in Persia about the time of Ardeshir I. This 
 hypothesis has in its favour that the author places the 
 
 ' See for Judith, F. C. Movers in the Zeitschrift fiir Philosophie und 
 Katholiache Theologie, Koln, 1835, p. 8 sqq. ; for Susanna, N. Briill, Jahr- 
 biicher fiir JUdische Geschichte, vol. iii, p. 68 ; for Baruch and minor 
 treatises, Plessner, Die Apokryphisohen Biioher ins Hebraisohe iibersetzt, 
 Berlin, 1833. 
 
 ^ Geiger's Jiidische Zeitsclirift, 1872, p. 70 sqq. 
 
PEEFACE. xvii 
 
 scene of the history in Persian towns, and that Asmodeus 
 and the demons are of Persian origin. But inasmuch as 
 the book of Tobit is mentioned by Clemens of Alexandria 
 and by Polycarp, the time of Ardeshir (about 250 a. d.) 
 would be too late. %. Prof. Graetz 1 puts its composition 
 in the time of Hadrian, after the fall of the famous fortress 
 of Bether, so valiantly defended by Bar-Kokhba. The Thai- 
 mud ^ mentions in fact that the benediction after meals, 
 ' Blessed be he who is good and doeth good,' was insti- 
 tuted after the dead bodies round Bether were allowed 
 to be buried 3. Nineveh and Babel in the later Jewish 
 as also the Christian literature allude always to Rome. 
 To this opinion we adhere ; at all events the book can 
 scarcely have been composed earlier, since it was not 
 known to Josephus. 
 
 We express our best thanks to our friend Mr. H. J. 
 Mathews, M. A., for the revision of the proofs, and especially 
 for the trouble he has taken to adapt our translation to the 
 English of the authorised version*. We have also to 
 thank M. Delisle, Member of the French Institute and 
 Director of the National Library in Paris, for the loan of 
 the MS. containing the Persian translation. 
 
 A.N. 
 OxroED, 
 April, 1878. 
 
 ' Geschiohte der Juden (and edition), vol. iv, p. 466. 
 
 ^ Babyl. Th., Tha'anith, fol. %!'■ and elsewhere, mentioned in the name 
 of a late authority (Graetz, 1. 0.) 
 
 ' I'TDoni 2iiDn ni'3p: mnp'; ina ■•V\-\r{ i:n:ii)D. It is possible 
 that n'TDom aiTOn has some connection with the names 'aiiD ]a rrniQ. 
 
 ' The emendation on p. 15, note 3, is due to Dr. W. Wright of Cambridge, 
 and that on p. 16, note 1, to Dr. Perles of Munich.- 
 
NOTE ON 
 RAYMUND MARTINI'S PUGIO FIDEI. 
 
 We )iave had to quote the Pugio Fidei in connection with the 
 Midrash out of which the Chaldee text of Tobit and the Syriac 
 text of Bel and the Dragon are taken. In relying upon Martini's 
 authority we are bound, contrary to our will, to defend him 
 against the attack made lately upon him in calling him a forger 
 and an impostor '. At the time when Dr. Pusey wrote his pre- 
 face to the English translation of the texts of the Fifty-third 
 Chapter of Isaiah according to the Jewish Interpreters, in which 
 he breaks a lance on behalf of the author of the Pugio Fidei, we 
 had not examined the manuscript out of which we publish Tobit, 
 and therefore could not provide him with the materials which 
 we have now at our disposal. Dr. Pusey's defence of Martini is 
 therefore based only on internal grounds. His conclusion is the 
 following ^ : ' Amid the various sources of human mistake," we 
 are bound by the duties of our common humanity not to assume 
 the very worst, dishonesty ; but to believe what a person says 
 that he saw with his own eyes. Enough has been said^ perhaps, 
 where demonstration on either side is impossible, since the 
 extracts were made nearly six centuries ago, and the MSS. 
 which Martini had before him have long since perished.' 
 
 Dr. Zunz, whom Dr. Pusey overlooked, wrote in the same 
 strain some forty years ago. In his unsurpassed book on the 
 Agadah he speaks of E. Moses had-Darshan's Midrash and the 
 Pugio Fidei in the following terms': 'R.Moses had-Darshan 
 of Narbonne, the teacher of R. Nathan *, and so belonging to 
 
 '■ See below, p. xx. 
 
 ^ The Fifty-third Chapter of Isaiah according to the Jewish Interpreters, 
 Oxford, 1877, vol- ii, P- xxxv. 
 
 ' Die Gottesdienstlichen Vortrage der Juden, Berlin, 1832, p. 287 sqq. 
 
 * Of Rome, the celebrated author of the Thalmudical Dictionary, called 
 "Arnkh. 
 
NOTE ON EAYMDND MAETINI S PUGIO FIDEI. XIX 
 
 the third quarter of the eleventh century, is known from quota- 
 tions in the Arukh, Kashi, Thosafoth, Mord'khai, and the additions 
 to the Thanhum^, as the author of elucidations of Thalmudic 
 passages and different books of the Bible. His commentary on 
 the Scriptures gives partly explanations of the language and 
 matter, and partly older Agadahs and original expositions in 
 the Agadic style. The investigation of the works of E. Moses 
 is peculiarly intricate, owing to the following circumstance. The 
 monk Eaymund Martini quotes in his Pugio Fidei a considerable 
 number of passages out of " tlie great B'reshith Rabbah of 
 R. -Moses had-Darshan," which for the most part, sometimes in 
 the original and sometimes in the Latin translation, have been 
 again cojjied from Martini by Porchet, Joshua of Loroa, and 
 Peter Gralatin in their works. No such work, however, is any- 
 where named in Jewish authors ; since Abarbanel, who gives 
 extracts from it, simply refutes the objections of Joshua of 
 Lorca, and himself acknowledges that he did not possess the 
 great B'reshith Kabbah ^ This circumstance might make the 
 existence of such a Midrash altogether suspicious, if there were 
 not strong reasons in favour of it. It is by no means extra- 
 ordinary that the mention of a whole work has been preserved 
 in one single author alone ; besides, the harmonious character 
 of the fragments, and also the positive marks of their origin — 
 of which neither Martini nor anybody else could have had a 
 misgiving — speak in favour of the existence of that Midrash. 
 Many of the extracts adduced are also to be found in Agadahs 
 of a different kind, and thus it would have been as unnecessary 
 as impossible to expressly forge a work of this kind. Tinally, 
 Martini was neither an apostate, like Joshua, nor a liar, like 
 Galatin, but a deeply-learned man, who did not require to 
 strengthen his numerous extracts from well-known Halakhic 
 and Agadic writings with the addition of fraud. We are there- 
 fore obliged to acknowledge the genuineness of that great B're- 
 shith Rabbah, and it only remains for criticism to decide whether 
 E. Moses is the author, or whether any particular part has been 
 interpolated. The whole of this investigation has taken a com- 
 pletely new direction, since, the actual discovery of a B'reshith 
 Rahhathi in the original. From the communications made to 
 me on this subject, it follows that much therein agrees with 
 the fragments in Martini, other parts with the character of the 
 
 ' See, however, above, p. vizi. ^ See above, p. ix. 
 
XX NOTE ON EAYMUND MAETINI S PUGIO FIDEI. 
 
 explanations preserved by Eashi ; much, however, especially 
 the passages controverted by Abarbanel, is missing. I am of 
 opinion that the work of R. Moses was put forth after his time 
 with additions under the name B'reshith Eabbathi, and that the 
 same was in the hands of the interpolator of the Thanhuma and 
 perhaps E. Isaac Nathan \ To the author of the Yalqut it was 
 probably only imperfectly known. In relation to this greater col- 
 lection Martini calls our B'reshith Eabbah the little or short.' 
 
 The Kevs. A. C. .Jennings and "W. H. Lowe (for they claim 
 a joint production^ in the appendix which is intended to ' triumph 
 over a dead lion,' as Dr. Pusey says of Martini in a private 
 communication) are of another opinion concerning Martini. We 
 shall quote their own words * : ' The reader is warned against 
 accepting as genuine the citations from Jewish works in Schoett- 
 gen's Horae Hebraieae and Raymund Martini's Pugio Pidei. 
 Both works are utterly untrustworthy. Eaymund Martini 
 (Ordinis Praedicatorum adversus Mauros et Judaeos, fl. cir. 
 1250) is notorious for the questionable expedients which he 
 adopted in endeavouring to refute the Jews from their own 
 books. With that well-meaning dishonesty which too fre- 
 quently marked the controversialists of his age, he alters the 
 text of tlie Talmud, Midraehim, etc., to meet his occasion, and 
 even devises whole passages where convenient. Martini was a 
 sound Hebrew scholar, and as his forgeries are generally clever 
 adaptations and combinations from other parts of Hebrew litera- 
 ture,itis only by reference to the actual texts of these Jewish works 
 that his impostures are betrayed.' We do not think that' any 
 accusation of literary fraud could be expressed in stronger terms 
 than those which the two commentators on the Psalms have 
 chosen. Had they known Zunz's excellent book, they would 
 have perhaps modified their language, and at all events not 
 have said that Martini (we leave Schoettgen to his fate) ' is 
 notorious for his questionable expedients.' Moreover, they 
 would have learned from Zunz that the result of their 'joint 
 production' is nothing new, since Don Isaac Abarbanel*, in 
 
 1 He seems to have written about 1450 an apologetioal work against 
 Yoahu'a of Loroa or Hieronymus de Saucta Fide. 
 
 ^ The Psalma with Introduction and Critical Notes, London, 1877, at 
 the beginning. 
 
 ^ Appendix to Psalm CX. 
 
 • Y'shuoth M'shiho, ed. Carlsruhe. 
 
NOTE ON RAYMUND MARTINI S PUGIO MDEI. XXI 
 
 calling Hieronymus de Sancta Fide an impostor and forger, 
 strikes with the same blow Martini, for both quote the same 
 passages ^ From Abarbanel's book also they could have quoted, 
 without needing much research, many instances which would have 
 supported their case better. On the other hand, they would have 
 seen from Zunz that the B'reshith Eabbah quoted by Martini is 
 not the printed book we have, but quite a distinct work. And 
 so they would have had no occasion to say, ' "We cannot find 
 that the comments on w. 3, 4, quoted in the P. F. as from the 
 Bereshith Eabba, have any existence in that work, nor do we 
 believe that they were in former times discoverable there.' 
 
 But let us now take up the other passages, besides those of 
 the B'reshith Eabbah, given jointly by the two learned clergy- 
 men. ' His note,' they say, ' on the first verse of the Targum 
 of Psalm ex is a fair sample of Martini's comments, " Targum 
 [pro nnoiaa !] nnD''Di> '" IDX Dixit Dominus Verba sua. . . . 
 Notandum valde est quod Targum dicit, Dixit Dominus Verba 
 sua ubi David dixit. Dixit Daminus Domino meo." [Pugio 
 Mdei, 554. Let the student compare both Targums.]' We, 
 confess that it is a bad case for Martini, for n''1D''13i' is without 
 example in the Thargums, where we always find n''1D''D3^, although 
 it is not impossible that some ignorant copyist may have written 
 ^''^D''D? to accord with the P of ''JTN?. But we are sorry to say 
 that it is an equally bad case for the two learned authors, that 
 they should not have seen on the margin of the Pugio Fidei 
 a note by Voisin ^, that the Barcelona and Majorca MSS. of this 
 work (those are the oldest and the best) have not the passage at 
 all, and it is therefore a later addition. How this oversight has 
 happened to authors who state, 'It is most unfortunate that 
 modern commentators have so readily relied on these two autho- 
 rities. In our Introduction we depend upon no passages but 
 such as we have ourselves verified,' we are not bound to 
 explain. 
 
 They say further on, ' We may instance also Martini's auda- 
 cious alteration of the text of Siphra d'Eab, D'boore T'hovah, 
 
 • To judge from the Latin text of S. Kde's Hebraeomastix there are 
 .some variations between the two texts. The quotations in Abarbanel, 
 however, agree with those of Martini. 
 
 ' See Maybaum, Die Anthropomorphismeu und Anthropopathien bei 
 Onkelos, etc., Breslau, 1870, p. 47. 
 
 = Pugio Fidei, p. 554. 
 
XXU NOTE ON EAYMUND MARTINI S PUGIO FIDEI. 
 
 xii. 20.' "We have said elsewhere^ that the Messianic words 
 read by Martini in the Siphra are not to be found either in the 
 editions or in the Bodleian MS. But it is possible and probable 
 that in Majtini's and S. Fide's MSS. of the book there was a 
 later addition, a gloss, for instance, which passed into the text. 
 We really do not see Martini's necessity for forging a Messianic 
 passage, the substance of which he could have found elsewhere. 
 If, however, he did quote from works which did not exist, he 
 did it in the best of company, that of our two learned authors. 
 They quote from a mn'' Kim, which exists neither in print nor 
 in MS. Can they mean the N3im Kim 1 
 
 Do Messrs. Jennings and Lowe believe that the Jews who had 
 to furnish Martini with MSS. would not in their controversy 
 have told him that he falsified passages, as Moses ben Nahman 
 of Gerona intended to do with Paulus Christianus ^, when he 
 asked him to shew him the books out of which he quoted ' 1 
 The books were handed over to him, but the quotations were 
 right. Abarbanel * cries out against the Eabbis contemporary 
 with Hieronymus de Sancta Fide, asking them why they did 
 not, instead of arguing with him, produce their books and shew 
 him that he was an impostor. They did so in one instance 
 only, and they did it not in other instances for the simple 
 reason that Hieronymus quoted rightly. That one instance is 
 the following passage quoted from the B'reshith Kabbah"* : 'M 
 MelcTiizedeh rex Salem (Gen. xiv. i8). Iste erat Sem filius 
 Noae. Et quid docet dicendum, produxit panem et vinum ] 
 B-. Samuel bar Nahman dixit, Sentencias sacerdotii tradidit ei, 
 et ipse erat sacrificans panem, et vinum Deo, sicut dictum est 
 Gen. xiv. i8. Et ipse erat Sacerdos Dei altissimi, etc. Rex 
 
 ' The Fifty-third Chapter of Isaiah, etc., vol. ii, p. 5. S. Fide (i. 11) 
 quotes rightly the SiphrS (Zifrat), apparently from another MS. Dr. 
 Wiinsche in his book, Die Leiden des Messias, Leipzig, 1870, p. 65, gives 
 a reference to the Siphr^, p. 121. Which edition? It is astonishing that 
 Abarbanel did not cry out against this passage ; he surely possessed the 
 Siphra. 
 
 ' See Histoire Litteraire de la France, t. xxvii, p. 563 sqq. 
 ' Vikkuali (Disputatio), ed. Steinschneider, Berlin, i860, n lo 
 * Op. cit., p. 36°. ^ ^ 
 
 " "We quote according to Martini, Pugio Fidei, p. 654 (chap, de Sacra- 
 mento Eucharistiae). In, Hieronymus (Hebraeomastix.'i. 9) the passage is 
 not complete. Abarbanel's quotation (ful. 47) agrees with Martini. Dr. 
 Perowne's quotations agree neither with Martini nor with Hieronymus' 
 What is his authority ? 
 
XXlll 
 
 Salem. Locus quandoque justificat habitatores suos. Aliter. 
 Producit panem : hie est panis propositionis, et vinum i. e. liba- 
 mina. Magistri dixerunt quod revelavit ei legem, sicut dictum 
 est Prov. ix. 5. Venite, comedite panem meum, et bibite vinum 
 quod miscui. Aliter. Melchizedek, hoc est ac si dixerit scrip- 
 tura quod dictum est Ps. ex. 4 : Juravit JDominus, et non 
 poenifebit eum; Sacerdos tu ad saemdum secundum ordinem 
 Melchizedek. Et quia est iste ? Iste est rex Justus, et salvator 
 Eex Messias, de quo dictum est Zaeh. ix. 9 : Ilcae rex tuus venit 
 tibi Justus, et Salvator. Et quid docet dicendum, Protulit panem 
 et vinum,? quasi dicat, Placenta tritici in terra, Ps. Ixxii. 16. 
 Et hoc est quod dictum Gen. xiv. 18 : Et ipse erat Sacerdos 
 altissimi.' Hieronymus has instead of ' Et ipse erat sacrificans 
 panem et vinum Dei' (p. xxii, 1. 28), the following words : ' Qui 
 erat panem^ et vinum sacrificare.' The Rabbis contemporary with 
 Hieronymus said, according to AbarbaneP, that those words are 
 not to be found in the passage quoted from the B'reshith Kabbah, 
 but they did not deny the existence of the passage entirely. 
 Now the two learned clerg3Tnen say with reference to the same 
 passage : ' That the Bereshith Rabba would unconsciously furnish 
 arguments for the doctrines of the Immaculate Incarnation and 
 the Eucharist is hardly probable ; that Martini would be ready 
 to father passages on Bereshith Rabba appears likely from his 
 procedure elsewhere.' 
 
 We have no complete copy of the B'reshith Rabbah major, but 
 in the collection contained in our MS. (ff. 40^1 and ^"j^) we find 
 verbatim, the passages of the Pugio Fidei beginning apj)'' XV''1 
 (fol. 601), with the marginal readings, and that beginning nTll 
 ^33 (fol. 280)^- We have seen also' that the history of Bel and 
 the Dragon, quoted partly by Martini from the B'reshith Rabbah, 
 is to be found verbatim in our MS. as a quotation from the 
 Midrash Rabbah of Rabbah. 
 
 We have no means of contradicting all the charges of forgery 
 which Abarbanel makes against Hieronymus de Sancta Fide, 
 and implicitly against Martini. Their MSS., as we have already 
 stated, are not at our command, and probably never will be. 
 The destruction of Hebrew and Arabic MSS. has been made in 
 Spain wholesale. But crimine ab uno disee omnes. The words 
 ''i'''0''b 32* '•insl' 'n DN3, which Abarbanel says * he did not find 
 
 ' Op. cit., p. 47". ^ See Abarbanel, op. cit., p. 28*. 
 
 = See above, p. viii. * Op. cit., p. 40«. 
 
XXIV NOTE ON RAYMUND MAKTINI S PTJGIO PIDEI. 
 
 in his copies, we read in the MS. 0pp. 22, fol. 66, which is a 
 collection of Midrashim on the Psalms by Makhir ben Abba- 
 Mari^, as a quotation from the Midrash Thillim, where the 
 passage runs verbatim as quoted by Martini^. The passage 
 quoted by 8. Fide ^ from the M'khiltha, with reference to which 
 Abarbanel * accuses him of having mixed up two Agadic passages 
 from two different Midrashim, is to be found verbatim in the 
 Midrash Sh'moth Eabbah ^. Martini " quotes distinctly from the 
 two Midrashim. The confusion between M'khiltha and Midrash 
 Sh'moth Eabbah can easily be accounted for, both being Agadic 
 commentaries on Exodus. The other so-called forgeries may 
 turn out to be genuine when some other MSS. come to light 
 in later time, or even from some Midrashic passages scattered 
 through various printed books, and hitherto not sufficiently 
 noticed. 
 
 ' Our Catalogue of the Hebrew MSS. in the Bodleian Library, No. 167. 
 
 ' Pugio Fidei, if. 381 and 431. 
 
 ^ Op. cit., i. 10. 4 Op. cit., p. 47'i. 
 
 = Exodus xii. 43. ' Op. cit., pp. 366, 367. 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 TESTS. 
 
 I.— Chaldee Text 
 
 II. — Hebrew Translation ..... 
 III. — Addition to the Midrash Thanhum^, § Wnn 
 
 PAGE 
 
 3 
 
 17 
 36 
 
 Appendix. 
 A. — Bel and the Dragon .... 
 B. — Extract from the B'reshith Eabbah, § 68 
 
 39 
 43 
 
 TEANSLATIONS. 
 
 I. — Of the Chaldee ....... xxvii 
 
 II. — Of the Hebrew . . . . ... . xliv 
 
 III. — Of the Addition to the Midrash Thanhuma . Ixiv 
 IV.-'— Itala Ixviii 
 
 Appendix. 
 A. — Bel and the Dragon .... 
 B. — Extract from the B'reshith Eabbah, § 68 
 
 xci 
 xcii 
 
 
I. TRANSLATION OP THE CHALDEE. 
 
 THE HISTORY OP TOBIYYAH. 
 
 It is written in the Midrash Eabbah of Eabbah, in the 
 section beginning ' And Jacob went out' (Gea. xxviii. lo), in the 
 seventieth section, on the passage ' And of all that thou shalt 
 give me I will surely give the tenth unto thee' (Gen. xxviii. 22). 
 'Thou shalt truly tithe' (Deut. xiv. 22). Moses said to them, 
 ' Ye shall receive ten blessings if ye give the tenth.' And so 
 Jacob said, ' And of all that thou shalt give me I will surely 
 give the tenth unto thee.' The ten blessings which thou shalt 
 give me according as my father hath blessed me, on what merit 
 will it be 1 On the merit of ' I will surely give the tenth 
 unto thee.' 
 
 Chapter I. 
 , The history is told of a pious man whose name was Tobi, the 
 son of Tobiel, of the tribe of Naphthali, who was led captive in 
 the days of Shalmaneser, king of Assyria, and dwelt at Thisbe, a 
 town of Naphthali, which is in Galilee. Now Tobi walked all his 
 days in the right way, and he did many almsdeeds to his brethren 
 and his nation who were with him in the captivity in Nineveh 
 in the land of Assyria. And when he was but young in the 
 land of Israel, all the tribe of Naphthali rebelled against the 
 kingdom of David, and refused to go to Jerusalem. And they 
 sacrificed to the calves -which Jeroboam, king of Israel, had 
 made at Bethel and Dan. And he alone went to Jerusalem at 
 the times of the feasts, as it is written in the book of the law of 
 Moses. And he brought thither the firstfruits and the heave- 
 
 c a 
 
xxviii HISTOUY OP tobit. ch. I. 
 
 offering and the tithes, and gave them to the priests and Levites, 
 to every one as it was meet to him, and ate the second tithe and 
 the poor tithe, and gave according as everything is written in 
 the book of Moses. And this Tobi was left an orphan by his 
 father, and Deborah his father's mother brought him up, and 
 she led him in the true path. And when he became a man he 
 took a wife of his own kindred, whose name was Hannah, and 
 she bare him a son, and he called his name Tobiyyah. Now 
 when Tobi was carried away captive he dwelt at Nineveh the 
 great city. And all his brethren and kindred polluted them- 
 selves, and did eat the bread of the sons of the Gentiles. But 
 he ate not, because he feared God and loved him with all his 
 heart. And therefore God gave him grace and favour in the 
 eyes of Shalmaneser, king of Assyria, and he set him master over 
 all that he had to the day of his death. And at that time he com- 
 mitted to the hand of Gabael, the brother of Kabri his kinsman, _ 
 at the city Rages in the land of Media, ten talents of silver. And 
 in the days of Tobi, Shalmaneser, king of Assyria, died, and Sen- 
 nacherib his son reigned in his stead. And in those days the 
 tribute became great, and Tobi could not go to the land of 
 Media, for the travellers ceased by reason of the trouble, and he 
 did not take the money from the hand of Gabael. And in the 
 days of Sennacherib he did many almsdeeds to the poor, and he 
 fed the hungry and the orphans, and clothed the naked, and 
 performed many acts of kindness. And when he saw one slain, 
 cast out in the street of the Jews, he buried him. Now when 
 Sennacherib returned with confusion of face from Judah, he 
 went to Nineveh in fierce wrath against the ten tribes which 
 were in the land of Assyria, and killed many of them, and their 
 corpses were cast out in the street, and none buried them. 
 When Tobi saw that, he was sore displeased therewith, and he 
 rose in the night, and stole their corpses, and buried them. 
 And thus he did many times. Once Sennacherib sought for 
 the bodies of the slain, but found them not. And the men 
 ,of Nineveh went and informed the king of Tobi that it was 
 
CH. II. TRANSLATION OP THE CHALDEE. xxix 
 
 he who had buried them. The king commanded that he should 
 be put to death. When Tobi heard it, he arose and fled. And 
 then the king commanded that they should spoil his house. But 
 he hid before him five and forty days, until that Adrammelech 
 and Sharezer his sons killed him with the sword, and they fled 
 into the land of Kardu, and Esarhaddon his son reigned in his 
 stead. And the king Esarhaddon appointed Akikar, the son 
 of Hamael, his brother, over all his affairs, and he reigned over 
 all the land of Assyria. And Akikar spake good words to the 
 king for Tobi, and he begged of him, so that he brought him 
 back to Nineveh, for Akikar was his friend and kinsman. And 
 at that time they restored to him Hannah his wife and Tobiyyah 
 his son. 
 
 Chapter II. 
 
 Now it came to pass that, when the feast of weeks came, 
 there was a plentiful meal prepared, and as he sat at the 
 table he said to his son Tobiyyah, Go and bring to me of 
 our poor brethren, of such as fear God, to eat with us, and 
 I tarry for thee until thou comest. Then Tobiyyah went 
 and found a man slain, cast out in the street, and he told his 
 father of it. "When Tobi heard this, he rose from the table 
 and did not eat, but went and lifted him up from the street 
 of the city, and brought him into a house until the going 
 down of the sun, that he might be able to bury him. And he 
 returned to his house, and ate his bread with lamentation and 
 mourning. And he said. Woe that [that prophecy of Amos] 
 is fulfilled in us, ' And I will turn your feasts into mourning.' 
 And he wept very sore. And when the sun went down he 
 went and buried him. But his kinsmen mocked him, saying, 
 This man feareth not for his soul, and he burieth the dead ! And 
 on that night he did not wash [himself clean of pollution] from the 
 dead, and he laid upon his bed by the side of the wall, and 
 his face was uncovered, and he knew not that there were birds 
 standing above him on the wall, and some of their dung fell 
 upon his eyes, and a whiteness came in his eyes. And every 
 
XXX HISTOEY OF TOBIT. CH. III. 
 
 morning he went to the physicians to cure Ms eyes, and he was 
 not cured, but the whiteness increased in his eyes until he 
 became blind. And he was blind four years. And all his 
 brethren and kindred were grieved for him, and Aiikar did 
 nourish him. Many days his wife Hannah did work for other 
 women. And they gave her a kid for her wages. And he 
 heard the kid crying in the house, and he asked her. From 
 whence hast thou this kid 1 it is perhaps stolen, render it to its 
 owner, for it is not lawful for us to eat of anything that is 
 stolen. She answered him. It is not a stolen thing, but for the 
 wages of the work of mine hands I received it. But Tobi did 
 not believe the matter, and quarrelled with her concerning the 
 kid. Hannah his wife answered and said to him, "Where are thy 
 good deeds and thine alms ? but thy reproach is manifest to all. 
 
 Chapter III. 
 "When Tobi heard this he was much grieved and did weep, 
 and began to pray in the anguish of his soul, saying thus : Thou 
 art righteous, great God, and all thy works are might, and all thy 
 ways are goodness and truth, and thou art the judge of all the 
 earth. Punish me not according to my sins and according to 
 the sins of my fathers, for I and my fathers have sinned before 
 thee, and we have transgressed thy commandments, and thou 
 hast delivered us unto captivity and for a spoil and a reproach 
 and a proverb to all the nations amongst whom thou hast exiled 
 us. And now, God, thy mercy is manifold and thy judgment is 
 true, reward me not according to my sin, but deal with me 
 according to thy great mercy, and take my soul out of mine 
 hands, for it is better for me to die than to live in great misery 
 and in this reproach, so shall I no more hear shame. And the 
 same day Sarah, the daughter of Eeuel, who lived at Agbatanis, 
 a city in the land of Media, heard a great reproach, because she 
 had been given to seven men to wife, and no man came in unto 
 her according to the way of all the earth, for Asmodeus, king of 
 the demons, killed them before they came in unto her according 
 
CH. 111. TRANSLATION OF THE CHALDEE. XXxi 
 
 to tlie way of all the earth. A maid said to her, It is thou who 
 hast Idlled thine husbands, for thou hast been given to seven 
 husbands, and not one of them came in unto thee, for thou dost 
 beat them. And for the husbands thou hast killed mayest thou 
 die as they have died, and may we not see of thee either son 
 or daughter for ever. And it came to pass, when Sarah heard 
 these words, that she was very sorrowful and wept. And she 
 went up to her father's upper chamber, and wished to hang her- 
 self and to bring the old age of her father with sorrow unto 
 the graved [And she said, I am the only daughter of my 
 father;] it is not good therefore for me to hang myself, 
 but it is better for me to pray before God . and I shall hear 
 no more reproach. At that time she spread out her hands in 
 prayer before God, and said thus : Blessed art thou, O Lord 
 God, merciful and gracious, and blessed is thy holy name which 
 is wonderful in all the world. Let all the works of thine hand 
 bless thee for ever and ever. And now, Lord, I lift before 
 thee my face, and mine eyes are fixed on thee. Bid me return 
 to my dust, that I may hear no more my reproach. It is mani- 
 fest to thee, Lord, that I am pure from all pollution with 
 man, and that I have not polluted my name nor the name of my 
 father in the land of my dwelling. I am the only daughter of 
 my father, neither hath he son to inherit his property, nor hath 
 he kinsman to whom he may leave me. And behold seven 
 husbands are dead for my sake, and what more is my life 
 to me 1 But if , it please thee not to kill me, have pity on me 
 that I hear reproach no more. On that day the prayer of 
 them both went up before the throne of glory of the great God. 
 And he sent the angel Raphael to heal them twain, [that is] to 
 take away the whiteness from Tobi's eyes, and to give Sarah, the 
 daughter of Reuel, for a wife to Tobiyyah, the son of Tobi, and to 
 take away Asmodeus, the king of the demons, from her. And 
 when Tobi had finished his prayer he returned to his house, and 
 
 ' Lacuna in the text. 
 
XSXli mSTOEY OF TOBIT. CH. IV. 
 
 Sarah, the daughter of Eeuel, came down from her father's 
 upper chamber when she had made an end of praying. 
 
 Chapter IV. 
 At that time Tobi remembered the money which he had 
 committed to the hands of Gabael in the city Eages in the land 
 of Media. And he said within himself, Behold I have asked 
 that my soul might die. I will call my son Tobiyyah, and will 
 signify him of the matter of the money before I die. And he 
 called his son Tobiyyah, and said to him, My son, when I am 
 dead, bury me with honour, and honour thy mother, and forsake 
 her not all the days of her life, and do for her all that is right 
 in her eyes, and oppose not the word of her mouth. Eemember 
 what pain she suffered for thee, and when she is dead, bury her 
 by me in one grave. And fear the Lord thy God all thy days, 
 and let not thy will be set to sin, and transgress not the com- 
 mandments. Do uprightly all thy days, and walk not with a 
 violent man. For if thou deal truly it will be well with thee in 
 all that thou possessest, and all who do uprightly happy are 
 they. My son, give alms of thy substance, and do not hide thee 
 from a poor man, so God will not hide his Majesty from 
 thee. My son, as far as it is in the power of thine hand to 
 give alms, give, even if riches are far from thee. Give alms, and 
 thou shalt acquire a good treasure for the day of wrath, for it 
 doth deliver from death, and suflFereth not him that giveth it to 
 descend into darkness: [almsgiving] is good, and whoso exerciseth 
 it shall subsist by it. Is it not that our fathers were praised only 
 for almsgiving ? Of Abraham our father scripture declares, ' For I 
 know him that he wUl command his children and his household 
 after him ... to do justice [or to give alms] and judgment ' 
 (Gen. xviii. 19); of Isaac it is written, 'Then Isaac sowed in 
 that land' (Gen. xxvi. 12); of Jacob it is written, ' And of all 
 that thou shalt give me I will surely give the tenth unto thee ' 
 (Gen. xxviii. 22). My son, keep thyself from all counsel of 
 sinners and from all whoredom, and take thee a wife of thine 
 
CH. T. TRANSLATION OF THE CHALDEE. XXxiii 
 
 own kindred, and take not from the sons of the Gentiles, for 
 we are children of the prophets, for the first prophets were 
 Noah, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, our fathers from the be- 
 ginning. Eemember that all these took wives from the seed 
 of their brethren, and were blessed in their children, and their 
 seed inherited the land. Now therefore, my son, love thy 
 brethren, and let not thy heart be lifted up against the sons 
 and daughters [of thy people], for in pride is much trouble, and 
 it removeth from God^ My son, give thy heart to all thy 
 work, and what is hateful to thee do not thou to others. Let 
 not the wages of him that is hired abide with thee all night, 
 and thy labour God will repay thee. Give of thy bread to the 
 hungry, and of thy garments give to the naked, and let it not 
 be hard in thine eyes. My son, spend freely'' thy bread and wine 
 on the burial of the just, and hearken to good counsel at all 
 times. Ask thy God, and he will direct thy paths, for there is 
 no good counsellor to man but God, for whom he will he lifteth 
 up, and whom he will he humbleth. My son, keep the words of 
 my mouth and my commandments, and let them not depart 
 from thine eyes. And now, my son, I signify to thee of the 
 matter of my money, ten talents that I committed to the hand 
 of Gabael at the city Rages in Media, for I know not the day 
 of my death. Now therefore fear God, and keep thyself from 
 all sin, and walk with him in humbleness, and he will give thee 
 great riches. 
 
 Chaptek V. 
 Tobiyyah answered his father, All that thou hast commanded 
 me I will do ; but how can I receive the money from the hand 
 of Gabael, who knoweth me not, and I know not him ? And 
 what sign shall I give him so that he may believe me, and give 
 me the money 1 And I know not the way that leadeth me to 
 Media. Tobi answered and said to Tobiyyah, My son, here is a 
 sign for thee. His bag he gave me, and I gave him mine when 
 I put the money in his hand to keep. And from that day 
 ' Transposed in the text. ^ See p. xiv, note 4. 
 
Xxxiv HISTORY OF TOBIT. CH. V. 
 
 to this it is twenty years. And now, my son, seek thee a trusty 
 man who may go with thee, and I will give him his wages. 
 Go, my son, while I yet live, and receive the money. So 
 Tobiyyah went to seek a man who might go with him, and he 
 found the angel Eaphael standing by. But he knew not that 
 he was an angel of the Lord. He asked him, Prom whence art 
 thou ? He answered him, From the children of Israel, one of 
 thy brethren. Tobiyyah said to him, Knowest thou how to go 
 to Media ? The angel said to him, I know the way, and in 
 Media I have been the guest of our brother Gabael, who dwelleth 
 at [Eages, a town of Media, and it is a two days' journey from] ' 
 Agbatanis to Eages, and it is built on the mountain, but Agba- 
 tanis in the plain. Tobiyyah said to him. Tarry for me a little, 
 and I will tell my father that I desire that thou shouldest go 
 with me, and I will give thee the wages for the journey. He said 
 to him, I will stay until thou comest. Tobiyyah went and told 
 his father, I have found a man of our brethren who will go with 
 me. Tobi said to him. Go, call him, that I may know of what 
 tribe he is, whether he be a trusty man to go with thee. 
 Tobiyyah went out and called him. And Eaphael went to Tobi 
 and said to him, Peace be to thee. Tobi said. Is it peace to me ? 
 why hath all this befallen me 1 for I see not the light of heaven, 
 the sound of words I hear, but the man I see not, and I lie in 
 darkness. Eaphael said, God is able to heal thine eyes, for thou 
 art a pious man. Tobi said to him, My son Tobiyyah desireth 
 to go to Media ; canst thou go with him, and I will give thy 
 wages ? He said to him, I can ; I am a messenger, and I know the 
 ways, and the boundaries and the mountains are known to me. 
 Tobi said, Tell me of what tribe thou art, and the name of the 
 town where thou dwellest. Eaphael said to him, If I am not 
 right in thine eyes, go and seek another man who may go with 
 thy son. Tobi said to him. My brother, be not provoked with 
 me that I wish to know of a certainty thy name and of what 
 
 ' Lacuna in the text. The translation is according to the Hebrew of M. 
 
CH. VI. TRANSLATION OF THE CHALDEE. XXXV 
 
 family thou art. He said to him, I am Azaryah, the son of 
 Hananel, of the family of the great Salmiyyah, of thy brethren. 
 Then Tobi said quietly and tranquilly, Come, my brother, be not 
 angry with me because I have enquired to know thy family, for 
 behold my brother is of a good family, and I know Hananel and 
 Nathan, the two sons of the great Salmiyyah, as they went 
 with me to Jerusalem when I dwelt in the land of Israel, 
 and worshipped with me there, and these were not seduced at 
 the time when our brethren erred. Thou art of a good family, 
 go in peace, and I will give thee thy wages, a drachm every day, 
 and thy food the same as for my son, and I will add to thy 
 wages [if the Lord bring you back in peace]. Raphael answered. 
 Fear not, for I will go with thy son, and we shall return in 
 peace. Tobi called his son Tobiyyah, saying to him. My son, 
 prepare thyself, and go on the journey with thy brother ; may 
 the God of heaven lead 'you there in peace, and send his angel 
 with you, and prosper your journey, and bring you back in 
 peace. Tobiyyah kissed his father and his mother, and they 
 said to him. Go in peace. And they went out to go away. 
 Then his mother wept, and said to Tobi, Wherefore is it thou 
 hast not feared to send away the young man, for he is our only 
 son, who goeth out and cometh in before us ? God hath kept us 
 without the money. Tobi said to her. Be not afraid, he will go 
 in peace, and he will return in peace, and the good angel will go 
 with him, and his journey will be prosperous, and thine eyes 
 shall see him return in peace. So make an end of weeping. 
 
 Chaeteb VI. 
 The young man went and Raphael with him. And they 
 came in the evening to the river Tigris, and they passed the 
 night there. And Tobiyyah ran to the river to wash his feet, 
 and a fish came suddenly out of the river, and devoured the 
 young man's bread, and the young man cried out. Kaphael 
 said to him. Take the fish, and do not let it go. And he laid 
 hold of the fish, and drew it to land. Raphael said to him, 
 
XXXVi HISTOEY or TOBIT. CH. VI. 
 
 Open the fish in the middle, and take out its heart, it is good to 
 smoke thereof before a man in whom the spirit of a demon and 
 an evil spirit is, and they will flee from him ; also the gall, to 
 anoint therewith the eyes in which whiteness is, and they shall 
 be healed. So Tobiyyah did, and took out the heart and the 
 gall, and roasted the fish, and ate, and he left the remainder 
 on the road. And they went to Media and came to Agbatanis. 
 Then Raphael said to Tobiyyah, My brother, thou comest to stay 
 with Eeuel, who is an old man, and hath a daughter who is 
 exceeding fair, whose name is Sarah. And I will speak to him 
 that he may give her to thee to wife. And she is the only 
 child of her father, and he loveth her much. And she is a 
 good woman and feareth heaven. And when we return from 
 Rages we will celebrate the marriage. For I know that Eeuel 
 will not oppose thy desire, and that he will give her to thee, 
 and we shall bring her with us to thy father. Tobiyyah said to 
 Raphael, I have heard that she hath been given to seven men, 
 and they died before they came in unto her ; and I have heard 
 that Asmodeus, the king of the demons, killed them. And now 
 I fear the demon, lest peradventure he kill me, and I shall 
 bring the old age of my parents with sorrow to the grave, and 
 they have no other son nor daughter to bury them when they 
 are dead. Raphael said to him, Dost thou not remember thy 
 father's precept which he gave thee, that thou shouldest marry 
 a wife of the family of thy father ? Now therefore hear me, and 
 fear not the demon. I know that thou shalt take her to wife 
 this night. And when thou shalt come into the marriage- 
 chamber with her, take the heart of the fish, and smoke thereof 
 under her garment. And the demon shall smell it, and he shall 
 run away, and never come again. And when thou desirest to 
 approach her, rise up both of you from the bed, and pray and 
 ask for mercy from God, who hath commanded upon you his 
 kindness, and who will give you healing. And thus thou shalt 
 approach her, and beget from her children. Fear not, for she 
 is appointed unto thee from the beginning, and thou shalt 
 
CH. VII. TRANSLATION OF THE CHALDEE. XXXvii 
 
 deliver her from the demon. When Tobiyyah had heard these 
 words, the love for Sarah entered his heart. 
 
 Chapter VII. 
 And they came to the house of Eeuel at Agbatanis, and they 
 found him by the door of his house, and they saluted him. He 
 said to them, Go in peace into the house. And they went into 
 the house. Reuel said to Ednah his wife, How like is this 
 young man to Tobi my brother ! Ednah asked them. From 
 whence are ye 1 They answered her. From the captivity which 
 is in Nineveh, of the tribe of Naphthali. She said to them, 
 Do ye know Tobi our brother ? They said to her, "We know 
 that he is in good health. Tobiyyah said, Tobi is my father. 
 Reuel ran towards him, and embraced him, and kissed him, and 
 they wept. Eeuel said, Blessed be Tobi, thou art the son of a 
 righteous and honest man. The hands of pious men are weak- 
 ened when a righteous man who hath done almsdeeds and many 
 commandments is stricken blind. And Eeuel embraced Tobiyyah, 
 his brother's son, and wept on his neck. And Ednah his wife 
 and Sarah his daughter wept upon him. Eeuel killed a ram, 
 and they prepared for them a meal, and they ate and drank. 
 Before they had finished eating, Tobiyyah said to Eaphael, Speak 
 with Eeuel concerning his daughter Sarah, that he may give her 
 to me to wife. Eaphael communicated to Eeuel the words of 
 Tobiyyah. Eeuel answered Tobiyyah, My son, I know that it 
 is better that I should give her to thee than that I should give 
 her to another man ; nevertheless I will declare unto thee the 
 truth. I have given her already to seven men, and they died 
 all before they came in unto her. But now eat and drink. 
 Tobiyyah said, I will not eat till thou hast given her to me. 
 Eeuel said. Then take her, for thou art her brother, and she is 
 thy sister, and now she is given to thee to wife after the rule 
 of the law of Moses. May the Lord God of heaven preserve you 
 this night, and bestow upon you his goodness and his peace. 
 Then Reuel led his daughter Sarah, and gave her to Tobiyyah 
 
XXXviii HISTOET OF TOBIT. CH. VIII. 
 
 to wife, saying to him, Take her according to the rule of the 
 law of Moses, and lead her away to thy father. And Reuel 
 called Ednah his wife to bring paper to write thereon the deed 
 of marriage to his daughter, and she did so, and they wrote the 
 deed, and witnesses signed it. And they ate and drank. Eeuel 
 said to Ednah his wife, Prepare a bed-chamber, and bring thy 
 daughter, and she did so. And Ednah embraced her daughter 
 Sarah and wept, saying, My daughter, may the Grod of heaven 
 shew kindness to thee this night, and watch over thee, and give 
 thee joy for the sorrow thou hast had in time past. 
 
 Chaptbe vm. 
 
 And it came to pass, when they had finished preparing the 
 chamber and the bed, that Tobiyyah and Sarah his wife went in 
 thither. And Tobiyyah remembered the words of Raphael, and 
 took the heart of the fish, and put it upon a pan, and smoked 
 under Sarah's garment. And Asmodeus received the smell and 
 fled into the utmost parts of the land of Egypt, and Raphael 
 imprisoned and bound him there. And they went out of the 
 room, and shut the door behind them. Then Tobiyyah rose from 
 the bed and said to Sarah, My sister, arise, and let us make sup- 
 plication before God, who hath commanded his mercy and goodness 
 upon us. And Tobiyyah prayed before God, saying, Blessed art 
 thou, Lord God of Israel, and blessed is thy name for ever ; 
 let the heavens and all thy creatures bless thee. Thou didst 
 create Adam, and gavest him Eve his wife for a helper, and of them 
 are all the sons of men. And thou hast said, It is not good that 
 man should be alone, I will make him an aid like unto himself. 
 And now, God, thou knowest I take not this my sister for 
 lust, but according to the rule of the law. Be merciful unto us, 
 and give us thy goodness, that we may be united in peace, and 
 give us good children. And Sarah answered and said. Amen. And 
 he went in unto her that night. Now it came to pass in the middle 
 of the night that Eeuel arose, and bade his servants dig a grave in 
 the night, saying to them, If the young man die we will bury 
 
CH. IX. TEANSLATION OT THE CHALDEE. XXXIX 
 
 him in the night, so that no man know it, and there will be no 
 reproach to us. And he called his wife Ednah, and said to her. 
 Send one of the maids to the chamber with a light in her hand, and 
 let her see whether he be alive ; if he be not, then we will bury 
 him, and no man shall perceive it. And Ednah sent her maid 
 to the chamber, and she looked, and behold they were both of them 
 asleep, and she came forth and told them, Bless ye the master of 
 the world, for he is alive. Then Reuel said. Blessed art thou, 
 Lord God of heaven and earth, thou dost strike and dost heal, 
 and thy blessing is holy and pure, let thy saints bless thee, and 
 all the creatures of thine hand, and let thine angels praise thee 
 for ever, and blessed be thy glorious name, for thou hast given 
 us joy with thy great bounty, and not as we suspected. Blessed 
 art thou, God, because thou hast had pity on them both, 
 grant them peace and mercy and joy in their lives for ever. 
 Then his servants came, and he said to them, Cover the grave 
 before any man perceive it. And he said to his wife, Prepare 
 me much meat, and run to the flock, and take thence calves and 
 sheep, and command that a good feast be made, and she did so. 
 And he said to Tobiyyah, Thou shalt not depart from my house 
 before fourteen days, but make joyful my forsaken daughter, and 
 take half of my goods now, and when I and my wife are dead, 
 thou shalt take all ; thou shalt be to me a dear son, and I will 
 be to thee a father, and Ednah my wife a mother for ever. 
 
 Chapter IX. 
 Then Tobiyyah called Eaphael, and said to him. My brother 
 Azaryah, take with thee hence four servants and two camels, 
 and go to Eages to Gabael, and give him his bag, and he will 
 give thee the money, and invite him to my wedding, for I cannot 
 go thither, since Keuel hath sworn that I shall not depart from 
 his house before fourteen days. But my father counteth the days, 
 and if one day exceed the time my father's soul will be grieved, 
 and I cannot make void the oath of Eeuel. Eaphael went with 
 two camels and four servants to the city Eages, and they lodged 
 
x). HISTORY OP TOBIT. CH. X. 
 
 in the house of Grahael, and [Kaphael] gave him his bag, and told 
 him that Tobiyyah, the son of Tobi, was married to Sarah, the 
 daughter of Keuel, and that Tobiyyah had invited him to come to 
 his wedding. When Gabael heard that, he laded the camels 
 with the money, and came to the wedding. And be found Tobiy- 
 yah sitting at the table, and he kissed him, and wept on him 
 from exceeding joy, and blessed him, saying, The God of heaven 
 bless a good and honest man, who giveth much alms ; and blessed 
 be the God of my kinsman Tobi, who hath given thee and thy 
 father and thy mother this good wife. 
 
 Chapter X. 
 Now Tobi counted every day the days of his son, how many 
 days he needed to go to receive the money, and how many days 
 to return. And when the days according to his reckoning were 
 expired, and Tobiyyah his son came not back, he said to himself, 
 They perhaps detain him there, or Gabael is dead, and they gave 
 him not the money. And he began to be uneasy. Then his 
 wife Hannah said to him. My son has perished, and his soul is 
 not alive, and therefore is he behind time. And she began to 
 mourn and weep for her •son, saying, "Woe is me, my son, that 
 I sent thee to go to a distant land ; the light of mine eyes, why 
 did I let thee go ? And Tobi said to her, Be silent, be not afraid, 
 thy son will arrive in peace. He has met only with an accident, 
 and the man who went with him is truthful. Be not troubled, for 
 he will arrive in peace. But Hannah said to him. Be silent, and 
 comfort me not concerning my son. And she went out into the 
 crossway by day and by night to the place where her son should 
 arrive, and she ate nothing but tears in the night, and her heart 
 had no rest. And when the fourteen wedding-days were expired, 
 Tobiyyah said to Eeuel, Let me go, for my father and mother 
 look no more to see me, so now, I pray thee, let me go, for 
 I can no longer stay. Eeuel said to him, Tarry with me yet 
 awhile, and I will send to declare to thy father all that thou 
 hast done. Tobiyyah answered him. Give me leave to return to 
 
CH. XI. TEANSLATION OF THE CHiLDEE. xli 
 
 my father. Then Eeuel arose and gave Sarah his daughter to 
 Tobiyyah, and half his goods, servants, and asses, and camels, 
 sheep, and oxen, and garments, and vessels of silver and gold, 
 and he sent them away in tranquillity and quietness. And 
 he blessed them, saying to them, God give you peace, and grant 
 that I may see children of you before I die. And he embraced 
 them, a:nd kissed tliem, and said to his daughter Sarah, Take 
 heed to honour thy father and thy mother-in-law, which are 
 both thy parents. Go in peace, and may I hear good report of 
 thee and great joy. And he kissed her and sent her away. And 
 Ednah said to Tobiyyah, Thou art my son and my brother, may 
 the God of heaven lead thee in peace, and let me see righteous 
 children before me of Sarah my daughter. Now, behold, Sarah 
 my daughter is in thy hand, entreat her not evil all the days of 
 her life. Go in peace. I am thy mother, and Sarah is thy wife. 
 May God prosper your ways all the days of your lives. And she 
 kissed them and sent them away. And Tobiyyah went away 
 joyful, and blessed the God of heaven and earth, who had sent 
 his angel and prospered his journey, and blessed Eeuel and Ednah 
 his wife, saying, May God help me to honour you all the days of 
 your lives. 
 
 Chapter XI. 
 
 Ajid Tobiyyah went on till he came to the city Akris, which 
 is over against Nineveh. Kaphael said to Tobij^yah, My brother, 
 thou knowest how thou didst leave thy father. Now therefore 
 let thy wife go behind us with our men, and I and thou will go 
 to prepare the house. So they went both of them first. And 
 they found his mother sitting on the crossway looking about for 
 her son. And when she saw him, she ran to meet him. And she 
 embraced and kissed him, saying. Blessed be God, who hath 
 brought thee back in peace, for I counted to see thy face never 
 more. And now, my son, why didst thou delay to come ? And he 
 told her everything. And she was exceeding glad, and said to him, 
 Go thou to thy father, and I will stay here until thy wife cometh. 
 
 d 
 
xlii HisTOEY or tobit. ch. xti. 
 
 So Tobiyyah went, and Raphael with him. And when Tobi 
 heard that his son was come, he was exceeding glad, and said 
 to him. My son, come towards me that I may kiss thee, for I 
 cannot go towards thee. Then Eaphael said to Tobiyyah, Take 
 the gall of the fish and put it on his eyes. And Grod made his 
 eyes whole as they were before. And Tobi rejoiced at the 
 great goodness which God had shown him. And Tobi blessed 
 God, saying. Blessed be God, who hath not withholden his bounty 
 from me, and bath brought me out of darkness to light. It is 
 thou who strikest and healest. There is none like thee, who 
 healeth for no reward, and there is no god in heaven or on earth 
 who doeth mighty deeds like thine. Tobiyyah then related 
 to his father all that he had done. And they prepared the 
 house. Then Tobi went forth with his son Tobiyyah to meet 
 his daughter-in-law, and Raphael with them. And it came to 
 pass, when he saw her, that he rejoiced over her, and brought 
 her into his house, and blessed her, saying. May God give thee 
 of this wife righteous children, and may mine eyes and the eyes 
 of thy mother behold them. 
 
 Chapter XU. 
 Now when they went into the house, Eaphael did not enter 
 with them, but went his way. After a time Tobi said to Tobiy- 
 yah, Go out into the market-place, and call oui' brother Azaryah, 
 that I may give him his wages, and we will add to them, because 
 he is a trusty and honest man. And Tobiyyah went out into the 
 market-place, and sought, but found not Eaphael, and he enquired 
 about him of all the people of the town, but he did not find a 
 man who had seen him. He returned to his father, and said to 
 him, I have found him not. Then his father knew that it was 
 the angel Eaphael, whom God had sent to deliver Sarah from 
 the hands of the demon, and to heal his eyes. And he blessed 
 God, saying. Blessed be God, who sent his good angel with my 
 son, and who prospered his journey, and hath healed two poor 
 and sick people like ourselves. And from that day forwai-d God 
 
CH. XII. TRANSLATION OF THE CHALDEE. xliii 
 
 prospered Tobi and Tobiyyah his son, and gave him children of 
 his wife Sarah. And Eeuel and Ednah his wife died, and Tobiy- 
 yah inherited all their goods. 
 
 After days Tobi fell sick, and called his son Tobiyyah, and 
 enjoined him the commandments of God, saying to him. My 
 son, do goodness all thy days to the poor and the rich, and 
 give alms all thy days, for the sake of which God will bless 
 all the works of thine hands. The Lord blessed Abraham our 
 father on account of the alms and tithes which he gave ; and 
 also Isaac for that he gave tithe and did almsdeeds ; and so 
 when Jacob went to the house of Laban and prayed, he vowed 
 only to give tithe [and] alms to the poor, and therefore God 
 made him prosperous, and gave him all that he asked, and pre- 
 served him from Laban and his brother Esau. And if thou do 
 like as they did, he will bless thee as he blessed them. And he 
 enjoined them other commandments, and when he had made an 
 end of doing so, he was gathered to his people. And Tobiyyah 
 his son buried him with great honour. And after his death God 
 blessed Tobiyyah, because he fulfilled the commandments of his 
 father, and he made him exceeding prosperous, and bestowed 
 blessing on all the works of his hands. 
 
 Behold we learn how great is the power of alms and tithes. 
 Because Tobi gave alms and separated his tithes, as is meet, 
 how the Holy One (blessed is he) rewarded him ! And because 
 the fathers of the world knew the power of alms, therefore they 
 gave heed to them. Of Abraham it is written, 'And he gave him 
 tithes of all ' (Gen. xiv. 20) ; of Isaac it is written, ' Then Isaac 
 sowed in that land ' (Gen. xxvi. 1 2), and ' sowing ' means nothing 
 else than alms, as it is said, ' Sow to yourselves in alms ' (Hos. 
 X. 1 2) ; of Jacob it is written, ' And of all that thou shalt give 
 me I will surely give the tenth unto thee ' (Gen. xxviii. 2 2). 
 
 The End or the Histoey of Tobiyyah. 
 Pbaisb to God ! 
 
 da 
 
II. TRANSLATION OF THE HEBREW. 
 
 BOOK OF TOBIT. 
 
 Chapter I. 
 This is the book of Tobi, the son of Tobiel, the son of 
 Hananel, the son of Ariel, the son of Gabael, the son of Asael, 
 the son of Nenathiel, of the tribe of Naphthali, who was led cap- 
 tive from Samaria with the captivity which was taken away in 
 the days of Hoshea, the son of Elah, who was led captive in the 
 days of Shalmaneser, king of Assyria. And he was of the inha- 
 bitants of a city of Naphthali, which is in Galilee, on the western 
 boundary. And Tobi said, Eemember me, my God, for good, 
 forasmuch as I have walked before thee all the days of my life 
 in an upright way, and for the many almsdeeds and great kind- 
 nesses which I have done to my brethren and my nation in the 
 captivity at Nineveh in the land of Assyria. And it came to 
 pass when I was but young in the land of Israel, that all the 
 tribe of Naphthali rebelled against the house of David, and 
 refused to go to Jerusalem, the city which the Lord chose out of 
 all the tribes of Israel, wherein was the altar of the Lord that 
 was sanctified for all the tribes of Israel, and the temple of the 
 Lord was built in the midst thereof for offering up the burnt- 
 offerings and the thank-offerings to the Lord three times a year. 
 And all the brethren of the tribe of Naphthali offered sacrifices 
 and burnt-offerings to the golden calves, which Jeroboam, the 
 son of Nebat, king of Israel, had made in Bethel and Dan. But 
 1 went to Jerusalem at the feasts, according as it is written in 
 
CH. 1. TRANSLATION OF THE HEBEBW. xlv 
 
 the law of the Lord for Israel,' with the firstfruits and the tithes 
 and the firstlings for the priests, the sons of Aaron ; and corn 
 and new wine and oil and figs and pomegranates and of every 
 fruit of the land for the sons of Levi that ministered before the 
 Lord in Jerusalem ; and the second tithe and the third tithe for 
 the stranger, the orphan, and the widow ; and I went every year 
 with all these things to Jerusalem, according to the command- 
 ment of the Lord, and as Deborah, my father's mother, commanded 
 me, for I was left an orphan by my father and my mother. And 
 when I grew up, I took a wife of my family, whose name was 
 Hannah, and she bare me a son, and I called his name Tobiyyah. 
 Now when I was carried captive from the land of Naphthali, I 
 dwelt in Nineveh the great city, and all my brethren and kins- 
 men did eat the bread of the Gentiles, but I defiled myself not 
 with their dainties, because I feared the Lord, and remembered 
 the Lord with all my heart and with all my soul. So God gave 
 me grace and favour in the eyes of Shalmaneser, king of Assyria, 
 and he appointed me over all that he had unto the day of his 
 death. And I committed to the hand of my brother Gabael, 
 who was in the land of Media, at the city Eages, ten talents of 
 silver. And it came to pass, when Shalmaneser, king of Assyria, 
 died, that Sennacherib his son reigned in his stead, and the 
 highways of Media were closed because of the wars which were 
 in the land, and I could not go to the land of Media to receive 
 my money. And after this I gave many alms to the poor of 
 my nation, who were orphans and widows, and when I saw the 
 slain of my nation cast forth outside the wall of Nineveh, I kept 
 not quiet, and rested not until I had buried them. Now it came 
 to pass, when Sennacherib, king of Assyria, returned from Judah 
 to Nineveh with confusion of face, because that the Lord God of 
 Israel had smitten him in the land of Judah for the reproach 
 wherewith he reproached and blasphemed the God of Israel, 
 that therefore he was wroth with all the congregations of Israel 
 throughout his kingdom, and he killed exceeding many of them. 
 And I sought to know the truth of the matter, why this calamity 
 
xlvi BOOK OF TOBIT. CH. I. 
 
 came upon the tribe of Israel, for I know of a truth that the 
 Holy One (blessed is he) is a God of truth and without iniquity, 
 and I found that the tribes of Israel did not lay to heart the de- 
 struction of their brethren, which Sennacherib, king of Assyria, 
 had brought on them ; their strongholds he set on fire, and their 
 young men he slew with the sword, and their women with child 
 he ripped up. For instead of mourning and affiicting them- 
 selves before the Lord concerning the persecution of their 
 brethren, and because that he was wroth with them, they were 
 eating and drinking and making merry, delighting themselves 
 with instruments of song and harps and psalteries, and were not 
 grieved for the destruction of Judah for our wickednesses and 
 the wickednesses of our fathers, as it is written concerning 
 Judah, ' That drink wine in bowls, and anoint themselves with 
 the chief ointments ; but they are not grieved for the afHiction 
 of Joseph.' Even for this was wrath from the Lord upon Judah 
 and Jerusalem, and he brought against them the king of Babylon, 
 until he cast them out from his presence, and he carried Judah 
 away from his land. And when I saw the slain of Israel cast 
 forth outside the wall, I many times stole their corpses and 
 buried them, and I said, O Lord G-od of Israel, thou art 
 righteous in all that hath come upon us, for thou hast dealt 
 truly, and we have done wickedly. And when Sennacherib, 
 king of Assyria, sought the slain of my nation, the corpses of 
 the men who were killed, and found them not, then went the 
 men of Nineveh and told the king, saying. Thy servant Tobi, 
 whom thou hast appointed over all that thou hast, he sendeth 
 his men over all the streets of Nineveh to seek the slain of 
 his nation, and he burieth them privily, and feareth thee not. 
 And it came to pass when Sennacherib heard this, that his 
 anger was greatly kindled against me, and he commanded them 
 to seize me, and Hannah my wife, and Tobiyyah my son, and he 
 sought to slay me in his wrath, and when this matter was known 
 to me I fled from his presence ; and he commanded them to 
 spoil all that I had, and I hid from his presence, until that the 
 
CH. II. TRANSLATION OF THE HBBEEW. xlvii 
 
 widows and orphans of Israel cried out for me in the hitter- 
 ness of their soul with fasting and weeping, and his judgment 
 reached unto heaven, and was lifted up even to the skies, and the 
 God of Israel delivered him into the hand of his two sons, and they 
 slew him with the sword. For he asked his counsellors and his 
 elders why the Holy One (blessed is he) had been jealous for Israel 
 and Jerusalem, and the angel of the Lord destroyed the host of 
 Pharaoh and all the firstborn of Egypt, and the young men by 
 whose hand the Lord always gave them salvation. And his 
 wise men and his counsellors said to him, Abraham, the father 
 of Israel, led forth his son to slay him, peradventure he might 
 thereby obtain the favour of the Lord his God ; therefore hath 
 he been jealous for his childi-en, and hath executed vengeance 
 upon thy servants. Then the king said, I will slay my two 
 sons for the Lord's sake, peradventure I may obtain by them 
 God's favour, and he will help me. And the saying came to 
 Adrammelech and Sharezer his sons, and they laid in wait for 
 him, and killed him with the sword, at the hour when he went 
 in to pray before his idol Dagon, as it is said, 'And Adramme- 
 lech and Sharezer his sons smote him with the sword, and they 
 escaped into the land of Ararat.' And it came to pass when 
 Sennacherib, king of Assyria, was dead, that Esarhaddon his 
 son reigned in his stead. And Esarhaddon appointed Akikar, 
 the son of my brother Hananel, over all that he had, and he 
 ruled over all the land of Assyria. And Akikar spake kind 
 words for me to the king, so that he brought me back to 
 Nineveh, for Akikar was my friend and kinsman. And they 
 restored me my wife Hannah and my son Tobiyyah, for the 
 king of Assyria had commanded them to be seized in his rage 
 against me. 
 
 Chapter II. 
 Now the same year at the feast of weeks I prepared in my 
 house a great feast, and I sat at my table to eat. Then I said 
 to my son Tobiyyah, Go and bring one of our poor brethren to 
 
xlviii BOOK OF TOBIT. CH. II. 
 
 eat with us, and I and all who sit with me will not eat until 
 thou comest. So my son Tobiyyah went to seek of the poor, 
 and he returned in bitterness of soul, and said to me. My father, 
 one of our brethren hath been slain, and cast out in the street 
 of the city. And when I heard it I was troubled and in sore 
 distress, and I left my table, and went, and lifted him up from 
 the street, and took him in my keeping until the going down of 
 the sun, that I might be able to bury him. Then I returned to 
 my house, and ate my bread with tears and lamentation, and 
 I remembered the word which the prophet Amos uttered in 
 Bethel, saying, 'And I will turn your feasts into mourning,' etc. 
 And I wept very sore. And it came to pass when the sun 
 went down, that I went and buried him that was slain. But 
 my kinsmen and my family mocked me, saying. This man feareth 
 not for his soul, and he burieth the slain ! And on that night 
 after I had buried him who was dead I washed, but was not 
 able to purify myself in an unclean land, as it would have been 
 meet in the land of Israel, according as the prophet Jeremiah 
 said of us, ' Thou shalt not be made clean any more.' Then 
 I went and laid down by the wall, and my face was uncovered, 
 and I knew not that there were birds above me on the wall. And 
 their dung fell upon mine eyes, and there came a whiteness in 
 mine eyes. And I went in the morning to the physicians to 
 heal me, but they could not, and I was blind four years. And 
 all my brethren and kindred were grieved at my blindness, and 
 Akikar my kinsman did nourish me. Now at that time my 
 wife Hannah did work for women, and weaved curtains for 
 others, and received her wages. And there was a day when 
 they gave her a kid for her wages. And I heard the voice of 
 the kid crying out. Then I said to her. Whence cometh this 
 kid 1 Beware lest it be stolen. And she said to me. It is not 
 so, but it hath been given to me for my wages. But I did not 
 believe her, and exclaimed against her, saying, Go and restore 
 it to its owner. And we quarrelled together concerning the 
 matter of the kid. And Hannah answered and said to me. 
 
CH. III. TRANSLATION OF THE HEBEEW. , xlix 
 
 Where are thy kindnesses and thine alms, which profit thee 
 not in the day of thy trouble ? but thy reproach is known to 
 all the world. 
 
 Chapter III. 
 
 And I was grieved, and fainted, and was sick at my affliction, 
 and prayed before the Lord, and said, Eighteous art thou, 
 O Lord, and thy judgment is upright, for all thy works are 
 might, and all thy ways are kindness and truth, and thou art 
 the judge of the earth, and thou art righteous in all that cometh 
 upon me, for thou hast dealt truly, and I have done wickedly. 
 Now therefore, Lord, father of mercy. Lord of forgiveness, 
 remember me, I pray, and visit me after thy mercy and kind- 
 ness, and reward me not according to my sin and wickedness, 
 and according to the wickedness of my fathers, who kept not 
 thy commandments, but cast thy law behind their back, so that 
 thou hast given us to be a reproach, a proverb, and a by-word 
 among all the nations, and that the nations should mock us, 
 amongst whom thou hast cast us out, as it is this day ; and 
 except the Lord of hosts had left unto us a very small remnant, 
 we should have been as Sodom, and we should have been like 
 unto Gomorrah. Now therefore, Lord, thy judgments are 
 many and true, reward me not after my wickedness and the 
 wickedness of my fathers, for we have sinned before thee, and 
 have not walked in thy ways. Now therefore deal with me 
 according as it is good and right in thine eyes, and take my 
 soul from me, for it is better for me to die than live, and I shall 
 no more hear my reproach. And on that same day it happened 
 to Sarah, the daughter of Eeuel, who lived at Agbatanis, a city in 
 the land of Media, that her father's maidservants were reproach- 
 ing her and mocking her, saying to her. It is not meet to call 
 thee Sarah, but Zarah [trouble]. For she had been given to wife 
 to seven husbands, and not one of them had approached her, 
 but Asmodeus, the king of the demons, had killed them before 
 they approached her after the way of all the earth. And the 
 
1 BOOK OF TOBIT. CH. III. 
 
 maid said to her, Why dost thou kill thine husbands, and 
 beat us because of this evil matter? It would be good for 
 thy parents that thou shouldest die for them, and that they see 
 not of thee either son or daughter for ever. And it came to 
 pass when Sarah heard this reproach, that she was grieved sore. 
 And she wept, and went up to her father's upper chamber, and 
 cried before the Lord with a bitter voice, and said, Lord God, 
 thou hast given me to my parents, who are old and well 
 stricken in age, and thou hast sent against my husbands that 
 married me the king of the demons, for thou art the God of all 
 the spirits and all the demons, and the maker of all creatures, 
 and in thy hand are all the kinds of evil spirits which are in the 
 world. Now therefore, Lord, is it good in thine eyes that 
 I should bring down the old age of my father and my mother 
 in sorrow to the grave 1 for if the sentence of judgment hath 
 gone forth from before thee against me in this matter, destroy 
 me utterly, I pray, and let me see no longer my exceeding trouble 
 and my great reproach. Thou knowest, O Lord, that I am pure 
 from all pollution with man, and that I have not polluted my 
 name nor the name of my parents in the land of my captivity. 
 And I am the only child of my father and my mother, neither 
 hath he son to possess his inheritance, nor hath he a kinsman 
 who may possess me. And behold seven husbands are dead for 
 my sake, and what profit have I in being any longer in the 
 world 1 But if it be not good in thine eyes to kill me, look and 
 answer me, and have mercy on me, that I may hear my reproach 
 no more. At that time the prayer of them both was heard before 
 the throne of glory, the prayer of Tobi concerning his blind- 
 ness, and the prayer of Sarah concerning the humiliation of her 
 parents. And the Lord sent the angel Raphael, the prince 
 who is appointed over healing, to heal them twain, to heal 
 Tobi, the father of Tobiyyah, of the disease in his eyes, and to 
 give Sarah, the daughter of Eeuel, to Tobiyyah, the son of Tobi, 
 to wife, and to take away from her Asmodeus, the king of the 
 demons. 
 
CH. IV. TEiNSLATION OE THE HEBREW. li 
 
 Chapter IV. 
 And wten Tobi had finished his prayer he returned to his 
 house. And Sarah, the daughter of Reuel, came down from 
 her father's upper chamber, when she had made an end of 
 praying to the Lord. At that time Tobi remembered the 
 money which he had committed to the hand of Gabael in the 
 city Rages in the land of Media. And he said in his heart, 
 Behold I ask every day to die ; now therefore I will call my 
 son Tobiyyah, and will signify him of the matter of the money 
 before I die. So Tobi called his son, and said to him, When 
 I am dead, bury me with honour, and honour thy mother, and 
 forsake her not all the days of her life, and oppose not her 
 desire. And make not her life bitter, for remember, my son, 
 what troubles passed over her when thou wast in her womb ; 
 and when she is dead, bury her by me with honour in one 
 grave. And remember thy Creator all thy days, and sin not 
 before him, and transgress not his commandments. And with- 
 hold not thy hand from giving alms of all which the Lord 
 giveth thee, and keep not company with violent men. Hide not 
 thine eyes from the poor of Israel, so shall the Lord not hide 
 his .eyes from thee in the time of thy trouble. And if thou art 
 not able to make riches, cease not to give alms of that which is 
 found in thine hand, so shalt thou acquire for thyself riches and 
 treasures of silver and gold by almsgiving, for the treasures 
 of the wicked shall not profit, and alms doth deliver from death ; 
 and every one who occupieth himself in alms shall behold the 
 face of God, as it is written, ' I will behold thy face by alms- 
 giving,' and in heaven they pay special regard to him. And 
 thou, my son, withdraw thyself from all uncleanness and from 
 all whoredom, and take thee a wife of thy family, and not 
 of any stranger, which is not of the seed of thy fathers, for 
 we are of the sons of the prophets. And remember, my son, 
 Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, who took wives of their own family, 
 and would not make marriages with the strangers, and they were 
 
Hi BOOK OF TOBIT. CH. V. 
 
 blessed with sons and daughters. And thou, my son, give thine 
 heart to all thy work, and that which thou hatest to be done 
 to thee, do not thou to others. And let not the wages of him 
 that is hired abide with thee all night on the day when thou 
 dost agree with him, and thy work God will repay thee. And 
 withdraw thyself from drunkenness, and there shall no evil 
 happen unto thee. And give of thy bread to the hungry, and 
 with thy garments cover the naked, and of all which remaineth 
 over give alms, and let it not be hard in thine eyes. Spend freely 
 thy bread and wine on the burial of the righteous, and hearken 
 and attend to every one who giveth thee good counsel. And 
 at all times ask of the Lord, and he shall direct thy paths and 
 thy counsel, for there is no counsel in the power of man, but 
 in the hands of the Holy One (blessed is he) alone, for he doeth 
 whatsoever pleaseth him, one he bringeth low, and another he 
 lifteth up. And keep my words, and all that I have commanded 
 thee, and let them not depart from thine eyes. And be strong 
 and of good courage, for the Lord will be with thee a help 
 and profit, if thou seek him with all thy heart and all thy soul. 
 And now, my son, I will signify to thee the matter of the money 
 which I have in the hand of Gabael my brother and kinsman, 
 ten talents of silver in the city Rages in the land of Media, for 
 I know not the day of my death. And thou, my son, if thou 
 fear the Lord and keep thyself from all sin, he will give thee 
 great riches. 
 
 Chaptee V. 
 Then Tobiyyah answered his father and said. All that thou 
 hast commanded me, my father, I will do. Now therefore, my 
 father, give me counsel how I can receive the money from the 
 hand of Gabael, for he will not know me, and I shall not know 
 him ; and what sign shall I give him so that he may give me 
 the money ? and I know not either the ways by which they go 
 to Media. Then Tobi answered and said to Tobiyyah, This is 
 the sign that thou shalt give him. He gave me his bag, and 
 
CH. V. TRANSLATION OF THE HEBKEW. ] 
 
 111 
 
 took from my hand mine, when I put the money in his hand 
 this day twenty years ago. Now therefore go and seek thee a 
 man who may be trusty to go with thee, and we will give him 
 his wages ; and go, my son, while I yet live, and receive the 
 money, and may the Lord God of Israel keep thee in all thy 
 journey, and grant thee favour, kindness, and m«rcy in the man's 
 eyes, and in the eyes of all that see thee, and may he send thee 
 away in honour and peace, and bring thee back to us in peace 
 before I die. So Tobiyyah went forth to seek a man to go with 
 him to Media, and he found Kaphael, an angel of the Lord, 
 standing over against him, but Tobiyyah knew not that he was 
 an angel of the Lord of hosts. Then the angel said to Tobiyyah, 
 From whence art thou, young man ? And Tobijryah answered 
 and said, I am of the children of Israel. Then Tobiyyah said, 
 My lord, knowest thou how to go with me to Media 1 And the 
 angel said. Yea, I know all the ways, and in Media I have been 
 a guest in the house of our brother Gabael, who dwelleth at 
 Eages, a city of Media, and it is a two days' journey from Agba- 
 tanis to Eages, and Eages is built on a mountain, but Agbatanis 
 is built on the plain. Then Tobiyyah said to him. Stay of thy 
 kindness a moment, and I will go and declare the matter to my 
 father, for I desire greatly that thou shouldest go with me, and 
 I will give thee the wages of the journey. And he said to him. 
 Go in haste, for behold I wait until thou comest back to me, 
 and tarry not. Then Tobiyyah came and told his father, saying, 
 I have found a good man of our brethren to go with me. And 
 Tobi said, Call him to me, that I may know of what place he is, 
 and whether he be trusty to go with thee. So Tobi3^ah went 
 forth and called him. And the angel came to Tobi, and said to 
 him. Peace be unto thee, thou man of God. But Tobi said. If 
 it is peaoe to me, why then hath all this befallen me, for I see 
 not with mine eyes, but I sit blind in darkness ? Then the angel 
 said. He who hath deprived thee of light, the same shall heal 
 thee, for thou art a righteous man. And Tobi answered and 
 said. Let the Lord say so. Then Tobi said to him, My brother. 
 
]iv BOOK OF TOBIT. CH. V. 
 
 my son Tobiyyah seeketh to go to Media, canst thou go to Media ? 
 canst thou go with him, and I will give thy wages 1 And the 
 angel said, Yea, I can, for I know all the ways, and have tra- 
 versed all the boundaries, and know the mountains. Then Tobi 
 said, Of what place art thou, and of what tribe art thou, and of 
 what city art thou ? And the angel said. Dost thou still enquire, 
 when thou hast a hired man to go with thy son according to thy 
 wish ? Then Tobi said. My brother, I wish to know thy name, 
 and of what family thou art. And the angel said, I am Azaryah, 
 the son of Hananel, of the family of the great Shelomith, of thy 
 brethren. Then Tobi said, Life and peace to thee ! Now there- 
 fore, my brother, be not provoked with me for that I enquire 
 to know the matter of the ancestors of thy family, for, behold, my 
 brother, thou art of a good and honourable family, and also 
 thou knowest Hananel and Nathan, the two sons of the great 
 Shelomith, and it was they who went with me to Jerusalem, when 
 we dwelt in the land of Israel, and worshipped with me there, 
 and these did not stray after the strange gods of the land, like 
 our brethren. Now therefore, my brother, go in peace with my 
 son, and come ye back in peace with the help of God, and I will 
 give thy wages, a drachm every day, and thy food as for my son, 
 and, if the Holy One (blessed is he) bring you back in peace, I 
 will yet add to thy wages. And the angel said. Fear not, for 
 I will go with thy son, and we shall go in peace, and we shall 
 return in peace. Then Tobi called his son, and said to him. 
 Prepare thee what thou needest for the journey, and go with 
 thy brother, and may God Almighty lead you in peace, and bring 
 you back in peace, and send his angel with you, and prosper 
 your journey. And Tobiyyah kissed his father and his mother, 
 and they said to him, Go in peace. And they set out to go. 
 Then his mother began to weep, and said to her husband, How 
 didst thou not fear to send away the young man, for he is the 
 son of our old age, who goeth out and cometh in before us 1 
 And without that money our God will keep us alive. And 
 Tobi said to her, Fear not, my sister, for he will go in peace and 
 
CH. VI. , TEANSLATION OP THE HEBEEW. Iv 
 
 will come back to us in peace, and thine eyes shall see him. 
 And the Lord our God will send his angel with him, and will 
 prosper his journey, and he will return in peace. But she 
 wept yet more. 
 
 Chapter VI. 
 So the young man went on his way, and the angel Eaphael 
 with him. And he came in the evening to the river Tigris, and 
 they passed the night there. And Tobiyyah went down' to the 
 river to wash his feet. And a fish came suddenly out of the 
 river, and devoured the young man's bread. And he cried out. 
 Then the .angel said to him, Lay hold of the fish, and do not 
 let it go. So the youth laid hold of the fish. Then the angel 
 said to the young man, Open the fish in the middle, and take 
 the heart and the gall, and put them by thee, for they are good 
 for healing. And the young man did so. And he cooked the 
 fish, and ate, and the remainder he left. And they went on till 
 they came to Media. Then Tobiyyah said to the angel, My 
 brother Azaryah, what healing wilt thou perform with the heart 
 and gall of the fish ? And he said to him, The heart is good 
 to smoke thereof before a" man in whom is an evil spirit or 
 the spirit of demons, and it will flee from him. And the gall 
 is good for anointing therewith the eyes in which is whiteness, 
 and they will be healed. And they came to Agbatanis, and the 
 angel said to Tobiyyah, My brother, we shall pass the night in 
 the house of Eeuel, for he is an old man, and hath an only 
 daughter, fair of form, whose name is Sarah, and I will speak to 
 him that he may give her to thee to wife. And she is of good 
 understanding, and her father loveth her. Now therefore hear 
 me, and speak for her, and when we shall return from Rages, we 
 will celebrate the marriage. For I know that the man will not 
 oppose thy desire, and that he will not give her to a stranger, but 
 thou shalt marry her, according to the law of Moses, and we 
 shall lead her to thy father. Then Tobiyyah said to the angel, I 
 have beard, my brother, that she hath already been given to 
 
Ivi BOOK OF TOBIT. CH. VII. 
 
 seven husbands, yrho died before they came in unto her, and I 
 have heard that Asmodeus, the king of the demons, killed them. 
 Now therefore I am greatly afraid lest Asmodeus kill me, and I 
 bring the old age of my parents in sorrow to the grave, for they 
 have no other son, neither daughter, to bury them when they 
 die. Then the angel said to him, Fear the Lord, and remember 
 him, and remember the commandments of thy father which he 
 commanded thee, that thou shouldest take a wife of the family of 
 thy father. Now therefore hear me, and be not afraid of the 
 demon. For I know that thou shalt take her this night to wife. 
 And when thou shalt enter the chamber with her, take the heart 
 of the fish, and smoke thereof under her garments, and the 
 demon shall smell it, and flee, and return to her no more. And 
 when thou shalt desire to approach her, rise ye from the bed, 
 and pray, and supplicate the Lord that he would command his 
 kindness and healing upon you, and heal her. And then thou 
 shalt approach her, and shalt beget of her sons ; and fear not, for 
 for thee was she meet before the world was created, and by thine 
 hand the Lord shall save her from the hand of the demon. 
 
 Chaptee "VII. 
 And it came to pass when Tobiyyah heard all these sayings, 
 that his soul was knit to the soul of Sarah. And they came to 
 Agbatanis to the house of Eeuel, and found him by the door of 
 his house, and they saluted him. And he saluted them again. 
 And. he said to them. Go into the house in peace. And they 
 went into the house. Then Reuel said to Bdnah his wife. How 
 like is this youth to Tobi my brother ! And Ednah asked them, 
 My brethren, whence are ye 1 And they answered her. Of the 
 captivity, which is in Nineveh, of the tribe of Naphthali. Then 
 she said to them, Know ye our brother Tobil And they 
 said. We know him. Then she said to them. Is he well? 
 And they said. He is well. Then Tobiyyah said. Your brother 
 Tobi, of whom ye speak, is my father. And Eeuel ran to meet 
 him, and embraced him, and kissed him, and wept with him. 
 
CH. VIII. TRANSLATION OF THE HEBREW. Ivii 
 
 And Reuel said, Blessed art thou, my son, of the Lord, for thou 
 art the son of a righteous and upright man. And Reuel and 
 Ednah his wife and Sarah his daughter wept yet more with him. 
 And he killed a ram, and they prepared a feast with a glad 
 heart, and they ate and drank. Then Tobiyyah said to the 
 angel. Speak with Reuel concerning the matter of Sarah his 
 daughter, that he give her to me to wife. And it came to pass 
 when Reuel heard this matter, he said to Tobiyyah, I know, my 
 son, that it is better that I give her to thee than that I give her 
 to another husband, but I will tell thee the truth. My son, 
 know that I have already given her to seven husbands, who all 
 died before they came in unto her. But now eat and drink, and 
 leave the matter alone. But Tobiyyah said, I will neither eat 
 nor drink before thou hast given her to me to wife. Then 
 Reuel said, Take her, for she is thy sister, and thou art her 
 brother. Behold, I give her to thee to wife, according to- the 
 law of Moses and Israel, and may the Lord God of heaven 
 make you dwell this night in peace, and command upon you his 
 kindness and his peace. Then Reuel took Sarah his daughter, 
 and gave her to Tobiyyah to wife, and he blessed them, and 
 bade Ednah his wife bring him a tablet, and he wrote thereon 
 the deed of marriage, and he sealed it before witnesses. And 
 they ate and drank and were merry. And Reuel said to Ednah 
 his wife, Prepare the chamber, and put them therein. And 
 Ednah embraced Sarah her daughter, and wept with her, and 
 said to her. My daughter, may the Lord God of Israel shew thee 
 kindness this night, and grant thee mercy, and have pity on 
 thee because of the sorrow which hath passed over thee unto 
 this day. 
 
 Chapter VIII. 
 And it came to pass when they had finished preparing the 
 chamber and the bed,, that Tobiyyah and Sarah arose and went 
 to the chamber. And Tobiyyah remembered the words of Ra- 
 phael, and took the heart of the fish, and put it upon the pan, 
 
 e 
 
Iviii BOOK OF TOBIT. CH. VIII. 
 
 and smoked under Sarah's garments. And Asmodeus received 
 the smell, and went out thereat, and fled to the end of the land 
 of Egypt, and the angel Kaphael bound him there. And he 
 went out of the chamber and they shut the door on them twain. 
 Then Tobiyyah rose from the bed, and said to Sarah his wife. 
 My sister, arise, and let us present our supplication before God, 
 that he would deal with us after the abundance of his mercy 
 and kindness. And Tobiyyah entreated the face of the Lord, 
 and Tobiyyah said, Lord God of Israel, thou art Lord alone 
 in heaven and on earth. And thou didst create Adam, and 
 gavest him Eve his wife for a helper like unto him. Now 
 therefore, O Lord, it is manifest and known to thee that I take 
 not this my sister for lust, but in uprightness of heart, according 
 to the law of Moses and Israel. And thou, Lord, have mercy 
 upon us, and have compassion on us, and join us together in 
 peace, and give us sons who may be a blessing, occupying them- 
 selves in thy law. And Sarah answered and said. Amen. And 
 he went in unto her that night. Now Eeuel arose in the night 
 and bade his servants dig a grave by night, saying. If the 
 youth is dead, we will bury him in the night, so that no man 
 know it, and there will be no reproach to us. And Eeuel called 
 Ednah his wife, and said to her. Send one of the maids to the 
 chamber, that she may see whether he be alive ; for if not, we 
 will bury him before the light of morning, and no man shall 
 know it. So Ednah sent the maid to the chamber, and she 
 looked, and behold they were both of them asleep together in 
 peace and joy. And she came forth and told them, and said to 
 them. He liveth. Then they blessed the Lord the great God ; 
 and Reuel said. Blessed art thou, O Lord God of our fathers, 
 who hast shewn us this great kindness, for it is thou, O Lord, 
 who smitest and healest, and killest and makest alive, who hast 
 wrought this wonder with these twain, and thou livest and art 
 established for ever and ever. Then Eeuel said to his servants, 
 Cover the grave before the morning, so that no man know it. 
 And he bade them prepare a great feast with joy, for God had 
 
CHS. IX, X. TEiKSLATION OF THE HEBEEW. lix 
 
 made them glad with the abundance of his mercy and kindness. 
 And Eeuel ran to the flocks, and brought calves and rams, and 
 bade them prepare them. And he said to Tobiyyah, Thou shalt 
 not depart from my house before fourteen days, but gladden my 
 forsaken daughter. And thou shalt take half of all that I have, 
 and shalt go to thy father with joy, and when I and my wife be 
 dead, thou shalt take the whole. 
 
 Chapter IX. 
 Then Tobiyyah called Eaphael, and said to him, My brother 
 Azaryah, take with tliee hence four servants and two camels, 
 and come, go to Rages, to Gabael my uncle, and give him his 
 bag, and he will give thee the money; and invite him to come to 
 my wedding, for I cannot go thither, because of the oath which 
 Reuel hath sworn to me, that I shall not depart from his house 
 before fourteen days. But my father and my mother count the 
 days, and if one day exceed the time, I shall grieve my parents' 
 soul. So Eaphael arose, and took two camels and four servants,' 
 and went to Rages to the house of Gabael, and gave him his 
 bag, and told him that Tobiyyah, the son of Tobi, was married to 
 Sarah, the daughter of Reuel, and Raphael invited him to come 
 to Tobiyyah's wedding. Then Gabael laded the camels with the 
 money, and came to the wedding. And he found Tobiyyah 
 sitting at the table, and embraced him, and kissed him, and 
 wept with him from exceeding joy, and blessed him, saying. 
 Blessed is the Lord God of Israel, who hath joined thee in joy 
 to the woman, and may he in his mercy give thee sons by her, 
 who occupy themselves in the law of the Lord. 
 
 Chapter X. 
 Now Tobi and his wife were counting the days and the nights, 
 and sorrowing that they had sent him away, and weeping and 
 afflicting themselves for him. And Tobi comforted Hannah his 
 wife, saying, Be silent, for he will return in peace and in joy. 
 But she refused to be comforted, and went out every day on the 
 
 e a 
 
Jx BOOK OF TOBIT. CH. XI. 
 
 roads to see whefcher her son would come, and she tasted nothing 
 but tears for days and nights. And it came to pass when the 
 fourteen days of the wedding were expired, Tobiyyah said to 
 Eeuel, Let me go, for my father and my mother are counting 
 the days, and they look no more to see me. But Eeuel said. 
 Tarry with me yet awhile, and I will send to declare to thy 
 father all that thou hast done. And Tobiyyah said, Detain me 
 not, let me go, that I may go to my father. Then Reuel gave 
 Tobiyyah Sarah his daughter, and half his riches, and servants, 
 and maidservants, and sheep, and cattle, and asses, and camels, 
 and garments of fine linen and purple, and vessels of silver 
 and gold, and he gent them away, and blessed them, saying, 
 May God, the Lord God of our fathers, bless you, and let me 
 see of you sons who occupy themselves in the law of the 
 Lord. And he kissed them, and embraced them, and said to 
 Sarah his daughter. Honour greatly thy father and thy mother- 
 in-law, and go in peace, and may we hear while we live good 
 report of thee with joy and gladness. And he kissed them, and 
 embraced them, and let them go. And he said to Tobiyyah, My 
 son, may the Lord God of heaven lead thee in peace, and let me 
 see of thee and of Sarah my daughter children good in the 
 sight of the Lord before I die. Behold now, Sarah my daughter 
 is in thine hand, entreat her not evil all thy days ; go ye in 
 peace. So he blessed and, kissed them, and sent them away. 
 
 Chapter XL 
 Andi Tobiyyah went away rejoicing and glad in heart. And he 
 blessed the Lord, who had made him glad, and who had shevra him 
 many wonders and great kindness. Then he went on, and came 
 to the city Akris, which is over against Nineveh. And Raphael 
 saidj My brother Tobiyyah, thou knowest how thou didst leave 
 thy father and thy mother. Now therefore I and thou will go 
 first, and: thy wife shall go behind us with the servants and our 
 men. So they went on both of themi Ajad Raphael said to 
 Tobiyyah, Take with thee of the gall of the fish. And he took 
 
CH. XII. TRANSLATION OF THE HEBKEW. Ixi 
 
 it. And behold his mother was sitting on the highway to see 
 whether her son would come. And she saw him afar off and 
 knew him, and said to Tobi her husband, Behold, my son 
 Tobiyyah cometh, and the man that went with him. Then 
 Eaiphael said to Tobiyyah, I know that thy father is blind, but 
 with this gall shall his eyes be opened, and he shall be healed. 
 And Hannah his mother ran to meet him, and she fell upon his 
 neck, and said, Now will I die, now that I have seen thy face. 
 And she wept on his neck yet more. And Tobi arose, and went 
 to imeet his son, and he stumbled as he went, for he did not see. 
 And Tobiyyah ran to his father, and put the gall on his eyes, 
 and his eyes were cleared, and the whiteness fell from his eyes, 
 and he was healed. And he saw his son, and fell on his neck, 
 and said, Blessed is the Lord God of Israel, who openeth the 
 eyes of the blind, for he hath opened mine eyes. Blessed is he, 
 and blessed is his name for ever and ever, who hath shewn this 
 great kindness to me, for he smiteth and healeth, and killeth 
 and maketh alive ; and blessed, yea, blessed is he who hath 
 prospered thy journey, and who hath brought thee back to us in 
 peace aaid quietness. Then Tobi went forth, and Hannah his 
 wife, to meet Sarah, the daughter of Reuel, their daughter-in- 
 law. And they rejoiced with her with great joy, and it seemed 
 an exceeding marvellous thing in the eyes of all that saw and 
 heard that Tobi's eyes were healed. And Tobi blessed Sarah his 
 daughter-in-law, saying. Blessed art thou, my daughter, of the 
 Lord, and blessed is the Lord, who hath brought thee to us with 
 joy. And they and all the Jews who were in Nineveh rejoiced 
 with great joy at this great kindness which the Lord had shewn 
 to Tobi and his son. And they gave Tobiyyah many precious 
 
 gifts. 
 
 Chaptbe XII. 
 
 Then Tobi said to Tobiyyah his son, My -son, let us give the 
 man who went with thee his wages, and we will further add 
 thereto. And Tobiyyah said, My fathOT, let us give him the 
 half of the silver which I have brought thenoe. For he led me 
 
Ixii 300K OF TOBIT. CH. XII. 
 
 in peace, and hath brought me back in peace, and hath healed 
 my wife, and hath obtained the money from the hand of Gabael, 
 and hath healed thine eyes. What now ought we to give him 
 for all this ? So Tobiyyah called Raphael, and said to him, My 
 brother Azaryah, come and take thy wages, half of the money 
 which thou hast brought thence, for it is thy wages, and go in 
 peace. Then Eaphael said to Tobi and to Tobi3^ah his son. 
 Sing to the Lord a new song, and bless him, and sing praise to 
 his name for all the goodness which he hath done unto you. 
 And continue before him in prayer and supplication and alms 
 all the days of your lives, for it is better in the sight of the 
 Lord to give alms always than to heap up treasures of silver and 
 gold. For alms doth deliver from death. And I will not hide 
 from you any of the truth. Know that at the time when thou 
 and Sarah thy daughter-in-law did pray and make supplication 
 before the Holy One (blessed is he), on account of the tribu- 
 lation of your soul, I offered your prayer before the throne of 
 glory ; and at the time when thou wast burying the dead I was 
 with thee ; and at the feast of weeks, when thou didst leave thy 
 table, and go to bury the dead man, I was with thee. And God 
 hath tried thee by the blindness of thine eyes, for the Lord 
 trieth the righteous. And at the time of thy tribulation the 
 Lord sent me to heal thee and Sarah thy daughter-in-law. Now 
 I am the angel Raphael, one of the princes who minister before 
 the throne of glory. And it came to pass when they heard all 
 these sayings, they were sore afraid, and they fell on their faces. 
 And Raphael said to them. Peace be unto you ; fear not ; bless 
 the Lord for these great and wonderful things which he hath 
 done unto you. Now as to myself, all the time I was with you 
 ye saw me eat and drink, for so it appeared to your eyes, yet I 
 did neither eat nor drink. Now therefore write you all these 
 things in a book, and it shall be for a witness between you and 
 your God all the days of your lives, and this thing shall be for 
 a sign and a witness amongst all generations. And bless the 
 Lord, and praise the remembrance of his holiness. And now let 
 
CH. XIII. TRANSLATION OF THE HEBREW. Ixiii 
 
 me go, and I will go to the God who sent me to you. So they 
 sent him away, and blessed the Lord for all this. And the angel 
 of the Lord went up to heaven, and appeared no more to Tobi 
 and his son Tobiyyah. 
 
 Chapter XIII. 
 At that time Tobiyyah wrote down all these things with joy. 
 And Tobi said. Blessed is the Lord the great God, who doeth mar- 
 vellous things to his people and his servants. He smiteth and 
 healeth, and killeth and maketh alive, and bringeth down to hell 
 and lifteth up. Who hath dispersed us among the Gentiles ; we 
 are bound to publish all these marvellous works among the 
 nations. And ye, children of Israel, be strong, and let your 
 heart be of good courage, and let not your hands be weak, for 
 your work shall be rewarded, and he will wait that he may be 
 gracious unto you, and will be exalted that he may have mercy 
 upon you. For the Lord is a God of judgment ; blessed are all 
 they that wait for him. And ye, my children, continue in alms, 
 prayer, and supplication before the lord of all the world, for 
 alms and prayer drive back the decree, for it is said, ' And alms 
 do deliver from death.' And blessed is the Lord, who hath 
 shewn to me and my father and my forefathers, and every one 
 who hath trusted in him, wonders, and marvels, and great and 
 terrible things. O lord of the world, shew us in our dayg 
 salvation and redemption by the coming of the Redeemer and 
 the building of Ariel before the eyes of all Israel, as it is said, 
 ' In his days Judah shall be saved and Israel shall dwell safely;' 
 and it is written, 'And the ransomed of the Lord shall return;' 
 and again, ' The Lord doth build up Jerusalem, he gathereth 
 together the outcasts of Israel.' Blessed is the Lord for ever. 
 Amen and Amen. 
 
 End op the Book op Tobi, the son op Tobiel. 
 Praise to God ! 
 
III. ADDITION TO THE MIDRASH THANHUMA. 
 
 Section beginning 'Give ear' (Deut. xxxii. i). 
 
 And thus it is found in the book of E. Moses bad-Darshan. 
 ' He kept him as the apple of his eye ' (Deut. xxxii. ro). The 
 Holy One (blessed is he) keeps those whom he tries like a man 
 who keeps the apple of his eye. We have an example in the 
 following history. There was a certain man, rich, of high 
 station, and learned in the oral law; the same had a daughter, 
 of exceeding beauty, and moreover pious, who had been married 
 three times to three men, but each time on the morning after 
 the first night of her marriage they found her husband dead. 
 She said. Men shall die for me no more, I will dwell m widow- 
 hood and seclusion, until God shall look on me, and take com- 
 passion. And so she remained many days. Now that rich 
 man had in another city a very poor brother, who had ten 
 sons ; and every day he and his eldest son brought in bundles 
 of sticks from the wood, and sold them, and by this means he 
 and his wife and children supported themselves. Once they 
 did not sell any, and they had no money to buy bread, and that 
 day they ate nothing. On the morrow it came to pass, when 
 they went into the wood, that the father fainted away. The 
 son's eyes ran with tears because of their poverty, and he 
 lifted his eyes to heaven. The son considered in his heart, and, 
 having taken leave of his father and mother, went to the 
 city where his uncle dwelt. And when he entered his house, 
 his uncle and likewise his wife and daughter were exceedingly 
 
ADDITION TO THE MIDBASH THANHUMi. IxV 
 
 glad, and asked him after his father and his mother and the 
 children. He abode with him seven days, and at the end of 
 the seven days the young man went to his uncle, and said to 
 him, I have one request to ask of thee, deny me not. His uncle 
 said to him, Say, my son, what it is that thou desirest. He 
 replied. Swear to me. And so he did. Then he said. This is 
 the request that I ask of thee, give me thy daughter to wife. 
 When the man heard it he wept. Nay, my son, said he, nay, 
 for such is her way, unfortunately^. He replied, Even on these 
 terms. He said to him. If for the sake of my riches thou art 
 eager for her, marry her not, for I will give thee silver and 
 gold in abundance, for thou art a handsome and wise young man, 
 but take my advice, and endanger not thyself with her. He 
 answered, Thou hast already sworn concerning this matter. 
 The rich man saw how the matter stood, and consented. So he 
 went to his daughter, and told her what had passed between 
 them. When she heard this, she wept and cried out in the 
 bitterness of her soul, and lifted her eyes to heaven, and said, 
 Lord of the worlds, let thine hand be upon me, and let not all 
 these die for my sake. What did he do ? He betrothed her, 
 and prepared a banquet, and invited the elders of the city, and 
 made a canopy, and the bridegroom sat inside it. And a certain 
 elder met him — it was Elijah of blessed memory — and he caUed 
 him out privately, and said to him. My son, I will give thee right 
 counsel, and depart not thou from my counsel. When thou 
 sittest down to eat, a poor man will come in unto thee clad in 
 black and tattered garments, barefooted, and his hair standing 
 up like nails ^, he is so, poor that there is none like him in all the 
 world. When thou seest him, thou shalt arise from thy seat, and 
 seat him beside thee, and make him eat and drink ; wait on him 
 with all thy ability, and pay him honour, and let not a word of 
 all which I have said to thee fall to the ground, so shalt thou 
 
 ' Alluding to the death of her three husbands. 
 ' Job iv. 15. 
 
Ixvi ADDITION TO THE MIDEASH THANHUMA. 
 
 be left in peace ; and now I go my way. So the old man went 
 away, and the bridegroom went in to his place. They sat down 
 to the banquet, and when they began to eat that poor man came 
 in, and when the bridegroom saw him he stood np from his 
 place, and behaved to him in every respect as the old man had 
 told him. After the banquet that poor man called the bride- 
 groom, who took him to a chamber. He said to him, My son, 
 I am a messenger of Grod, and am come hither to take thy life. 
 He replied. My lord, give me time, a year or half a year. He 
 said, I will not do so. Then he said. If it be so, give me thirty 
 days or the seven days of the banquet. He said to him, I will 
 not give thee even a single day, for thy time is already come. 
 He replied, I pray thee, wait for me whilst I go and take 
 leave of my wife. In this respect, said he, I will agree to thy 
 request ; go therefore and come back quickly. He went to 
 the chamber, where she was sitting alone and weeping and 
 praying to her Creator, and at the door of the chamber the 
 young man called out to her, and she came to open to him ; 
 then she brought him into the chamber beside her, and caught 
 hold of him and kissed him. She said to him. My brother, why 
 art thou come 1 He answered. To take leave of thee, for 
 my time is come to depart after the way of all the earth, for 
 the angel is come, and hath informed me that he is come to 
 demand my life. She said, Thou shalt not go, but thou shalt 
 abide here, and I will go to him and speak with him. She 
 went, and found him, and asked him, Art thou the angel who 
 is come to demand my husband's life 1 He said to her, I am. 
 She replied, He shall not die now ; it is written in the Law, 
 ' When a man hath taken a new wife, he shall not go out to 
 war, neither shall he be charged with any business, but he shall 
 be free at home one year, and shall cheer up his wife which he 
 hath taken ' (Deut. xxiv. 5) ; and the Holy One (blessed is he) 
 is truth, and his law is truth. Now if thou take his life thou 
 wilt make the law a lie ; if thou accept my words, well ; but if 
 not, thou shalt come with me to the great tribunal before the 
 
ADDITION TO THE MIDKASH THANHTJmI. Ixvii 
 
 Holy One (blessed is he). The Holy One (blessed is he) imme- 
 diately rebuked the angel, and he went his way. That night 
 the bride and bridegroom slept together ; and the bride's father 
 and her mother were weeping in their chamber; and when mid- 
 night came, the man and woman arose to prepare a grave for 
 their son-in-law before the break of dawn. When they arose 
 they heard the bride and bridegroom sporting and merry 
 together ; so they went into the room to see whether it were 
 so ; they saw, and were glad, and published it to the congre- 
 gation, and gave praise to God. And this is an example how 
 the Holy One (blessed is he) keeps those who trust in him. 
 
IV. ITALA. 
 
 LIBER TOBIAE. 
 
 Caput I. 
 ^ LiBiEK sermonum Thribi, iilii TholDie'l, filii Ananihel, filii 
 Gabahel, filii Asiliel, filii Gadalel, filii Arabei, ex tribu Nep- 
 thalim ; '^ qui captivus abductus est in diebus Salmannassar 
 regis Ass3Tiorum, ex Bihel civitate, quae est in dextera parte 
 Edisse civitatis Neptbalim, in superioribus Galilaeae contra 
 Naasson, post viam quae ducit in occidentem, ex sinistra parte 
 Raphain. Ego Thobis in via veritatis ambulavi et justitiae, 
 omnibus diebus vitae meae : ''et eleemosynas feci multas fra- 
 tribus meis, et nationi meae, et omnibus qui fuerunt mecum 
 in captivitate, in terra Assyriorum in Ninive. *Et cum 
 essem in terra mea Israel inter omnes junior, omnis tribus 
 Nepthalim patris mei recessit de dome David, et ab Hierusalem 
 civitate, quae est electa ex omnibus tribubus Israel, ubi altare 
 constitutum est omnibus tribubus Israel, quod sanctificatum est 
 in saecula. Tunc cum templum babitationis excelsi Dei aedifi- 
 catum esset in Hierusalem, ut sacrificaret in ipso omnis pro- 
 genies in aeternum, °et omnes fratres mei, omnisque domus 
 Nepthalim patris mei, sacrificabant in Dan vitulo aureo, quem 
 fecit Hieroboam rex Israel, et omnibus altissimis montibus 
 Galilaeae : * ego autem solus ibam aliquoties in Hierusalem 
 diebus festis, sicut scriptum est in toto Israel in praecepto 
 sempiterno : primitias, et decimas armentorum et pecorum, et 
 initia tonsurae pecorum meorum, haec habens mecum, dabam 
 sacerdotibus filiis Aaron, et quod moris erat, de tritico, vino, 
 et oleo, et ficu, malorum granatorum, et caeterorum pomorum 
 
CH. I. 23. ITALA. Ixix 
 
 dividebam Levitis et servientibus Domino, qui praesto erant 
 in Hierusaleni' ; et secundam decimationem commutaus in 
 pecunia sex annorum, ibam, et oonsunimabam illam in Hieru- 
 salem, in loco sancto unoquoque anno : ' et tertii ad decima- 
 tionem ferebam proselytis, et orphanis, et viduis, faciens omnia 
 quae praecepta sunt in Israel ; et dabam illis in tertio anno : 
 " et manducabam illud secundum praeceptum quod scriptum est 
 de eis in lege Moysi, et sicut praecepit Debbora, mater patris 
 mei Tliobihel, matri meae et patri meo, qui orfanum me reli- 
 quit, et mortuus est. ' Et postquam juvenis factus sum, acoepi 
 uxoremi nomine Annam ex natione mea, et genui ex ilia fllium, 
 et vocavi nomen ejus Thobiam. -"^ Et postquam in captivitatem 
 deveni ad Assyrios in Niniven, ^^ et omnes fratres mei qui de 
 genere meo erant, manducabant de panibus gentium ; ego autem 
 custodivi animam meanr, ut ne manducarem de escis illorum. 
 " Et quoniam memor eram Dei in toto corde meo, dedit mihi 
 Dominus summus gratiam penes Salmannassar regem Assyri- 
 orum, ^*et comparabam illi omnia quaecunque volebat in usu 
 suo, " iens in regionem Mediam usque dum moriretur. " Et 
 oommendavi Grabelo fratri meo filio Gabahel, in Kages civitate 
 regionis Medorum, decem talenta argenti. ^*Et postquam 
 mortuus est Salmannassar rex Assyrionim, regnavit Senna- 
 cberim filius ejus pro eo ; et viae terrae Medorum constantes 
 erant, et nemo poterat illuc ire postea. '' Et in diebus Sal- 
 mannassar regis, multas eleemosynas feci omnibus de natione 
 mea, ^'' panem meum dividens esurientibus, et nudes vestiens ; 
 et qui projecti erant post murum Ninive ex natione mea mortui, 
 sepeliebam illos, ^^ quos occidisset Sennacherim rex, de Judaea 
 fugiens propter defensionem qnam fecit Dominus coeli de illo, 
 ob blasphemias illius; multos enim filiorum Israel occidit in 
 ira sua. Ego corpora illorum involvebam, et sepeliebam ; et 
 quaerebat ilia rex, et non inveniebat. '^"Bt renuntiatum est 
 illi, quoniam ego sepeliebam illos, et quaerebat me occidere. 
 ^^ Ego autem fugi, et direpta est omnis substantia mea ; et nihil 
 mihi remansit plus quam uxor mea^ Anna, et Thobias filius 
 
Ixx BOOK OF TOBIT. CH. I. 24. 
 
 meus. '^^Et contigit dum laterem, post dies quadraginta 
 quinque occiderunt regem ilium duo filii sui, et fugerunt in 
 montem Ararath. Et regnavit post eum Archedonassar filius 
 ejus pro illo, et eonstituit Achicarum, filium fratris mei Anna- 
 nihel, super omnem curam regni ; et ipse habebat potestatem 
 super omnem regionem. Tunc petiit Achicarus regem pro me, 
 erat enim consobrinus meus ; ^^ et de^endi in Ninive in domum 
 meam, et reddita est mihi uxor mea Anna, et filius meus 
 Thobias. 
 
 Caput II. 
 
 'In Pentecosten die festo nostro, qui est sanctus a septem 
 annis, et factum est mihi prandium bonum, et discubui ut pran- 
 derem ; et posita est mihi mensa, et vidi pulmentaria complura, 
 ^ et dixi Thobiae filio meo : Vade, et adduc quemcunque pau- 
 perem inveneris ex fratribus nostris, qui sunt captivi in Ninive, 
 qui tamen habet Deum in mente in toto corde suo; huno adduc, 
 ut manducet pariter nobiscum prandium hoc : ecce sustineo te, 
 fill, donee veuias. ' Et abiit Thobias quaerere aliquem pauperem 
 captivum ex fratribus nostris ; et reversus, dixit mihi : Pater : 
 et ego dixi : Quid est, fili 1 et ait mihi : Ecce unus ex fratribus 
 nostris occisus laqueo circumdato, projectus jacet in publico. Et 
 exsilivi, relicto prandio meo, antequam quicquam ex illo gus- 
 tarem ; * et sustuli ilium de platea in domum apud me, donee 
 sol occideret, ut ilium sepelirem. ^ Et reversus, lavi, et man- 
 ducavi prandium meum cum luctu, " et rememoratus sum ser- 
 monum prophetae Amos; quod locutus est in Eethleem, dicens : 
 Convertentur omnes dies festi vestri in luctum, et omnia cantica 
 vestra in lamentationem : et lacrymatus sum. ' Et postquam 
 sol occidit abii, et fodi, et sepelivi eum. *Et omnes proximi 
 mei deridebant me, dicentes : Quomodo non timet hie homo 1 
 jam enim inquisitus est hujus rei causa ut occideretur, et fugit, 
 et perdidit substantiam suam, et iterum sepelire coepit mortuos. 
 ' Et iterum lavi ea hora, postquam sepelivi. '" Et introivi in 
 domum meam, et dormivi circa parietem, facie nuda propter 
 
CH. Til. 4. ITALA. Ixxi 
 
 aestum ; " et ignorabam quoniam passeres in pariete super me 
 residebant, quorum stercora oculis meis calida et induxerunt 
 albugines. Bt ibam caeous ad medicos ut curarer, et quanto 
 mihi medicamenta imponebant, tanto magis excaecabantur oculi 
 mei maoulis, donee perexoaecatus sum. Et eram inutilis oculis 
 meis, annis quatuor. " Et omnes fratres et amici mei dolebant 
 pro me : Achicarus autem pascebat me annis duobus, priusquam 
 iret in Limaidam. ^^ In illo tempore, Anna uxor mea deservi- 
 ebat operibus mulierum, lanam faciens et telam, et ex mercedibus 
 suis pascebat me : et mittebant, et adducebant illam ad texendum, 
 et dabant ei mercedem suam. Septima autem die mensis Distri 
 consummavit texturam, et reddidit dominis suis ; et dederunt 
 illi mercedem suam totam, '"' et insuper dederunt ei pro detexto, 
 ad manducandum, hoedum de capris. "^Et cum introisset ad 
 me boedus, coepit clamare ; et vocavi ad me uxorem, et dixi 
 illi : TJnde est hie hoedus qui balat ? vide, ne forte furtivus sit, 
 redde ilium dominis suis ; nobis enim non licet manducare nihil 
 furtivum. Et respondit mihi, et dixit : Munere mihi datus est 
 supra mercedem. Et ego non credebam, sed magis dicebam illi : 
 Furtivus est, redde ilium dominis suis : et contendebam, et eru- 
 bescebam coram ilia, hujus rei causa. ^^ Et irata est, quoniam 
 non credebam illi; et respondens, dixit mihi : Ubi sunt justitiae 
 tuae ? "' ecce quae pateris, omnibus nota sunt. 
 
 Caput III. 
 ' Et contristatus animo, ingemui lacrymans ; et introivi in 
 atrium meum, et coepi orare cum gemitu animae meae, "et dixi: 
 Justus es Domine, et omnia opera tua magna sunt, et omnes 
 viae tuae misericordiae et veritatis plenae sunt, et judicium 
 verum judicas in saecula. ' Et nunc Domine memor esto mei, 
 et respice in me : ne vindictam sumas de peccatis meis, et de 
 negligentia mea, et parentum meorum qui peccaverunt ante te. 
 * Quoniam non obedierunt praeceptis tuis, et tradidisti nos in 
 direptionem, et captivitatem, et mortem, in exemplum, et fabulas, 
 et improperium omnibus nationibus, in quibus nos dispersisti. 
 
Ixxii BOOK OF TOBIT. CH. III. 6. 
 
 " Et nunc, Domine, multa sunt judicia tua et vera, quae de me 
 exigas, et de peccatis meis, et parentum meorum, quia non 
 egimus secundum praeoepta tua, non ambulaviiiius sinceriter 
 coram te. * Et nunc, Domine, secundum quod tibi- placet fac 
 mecum, et praecipe recipi spiritum meum, ut jam dimittar de- 
 super terra : quia expedit mihi mori magis quam vivere, quoniam 
 improperia falsa audio, et in magno sum taedio. Praecipe ergo, 
 Domine, ut dimittar ab hac necessitate, et da mihi refrigerium in 
 locum aeternum : et noli avertere a me faciem tuam, quia ex- 
 pedit mihi mori magis quam vivere, et pati tantam necessitatem 
 in vita mea, ne jam improperium audiam hominum. ''Eadem 
 die contigit ut et Sarra filia Raguhelis, quae erat Exbatanis 
 civitate Medorum, ut et ipsa audiret improperium ab una ex 
 ancillis patris sui, ' quoniam jam tradita erat viris septem, et 
 Asmodaeus daemonium nequissimum ocoidebat eos ea hora qua 
 ad illam introiebant ad concumbendum, sicut est Solitum mulie- 
 libus. ° Et dixit illl ancilla sua : Tu es quae suffocas viros tuos; 
 ecoe jam tradita es viris septem, et nuUo eorum fruita es. Quid 
 nos flagellas, aut causa virorum tuorum, qui mortui sunt t vacle 
 et tu cum illis, et nunquam ex te videamus filium neque filiam 
 in perpetuum. ^^ Eadem hora contristata est anima puellae, et 
 lacrynians asoendit in locum superiorem patris sui, et voluit 
 laqueo vitam finire : et cogitavit : Ne forte improperent patri 
 meo, et dicant : TJnicam habuisti filiam carissimam, et haec 
 collum sibi ligavit : et incipiam deducere senectutem patris mei 
 cum tristitia animi ad inferos ; non est utile auimam laqueo 
 fugare : '^ at bonum est potius deprecari Dominum, ut moriar, 
 et jam nullum improperium audiam in vita mea, neque ego, 
 neque pater meus. " Eodem tempore, exporrectis manibus ad 
 fenestram, deprecata est,^'' et dixit : Benedictus es Domine Deus 
 misericordiarum, et benedictum est nomen tuum sanctum, et 
 houorabile in omnia saecula. Benedicant tibi omnia opera tua 
 in aeternum. "Et nunc, Domine, ad te faciem meam levo, et 
 oculos meos dirigo. ^° Jube jam me dimitti desuper terra, ne 
 audiam improperia hominum. " Tu scis, Domine, quia munda 
 
CH. IV. 7. ITALA. Ixxiii 
 
 sum ab omni immunditia viri, et non coinquinavi corpus meum, 
 neque dehonestavi nomen patris mei in terra captivitatis meae. 
 Unica sum patri meo, et non habet alium filium, vel filiam, qui 
 possideat haereditatem illius : neque frater est illi quisquam, vel 
 proximus aut propinquus, ut custodiat me illi uxorem. Jam 
 perierunt mibi viri septem ; et quo mihi adhuc vivere ? et si 
 non tibi videtur, Domine, perdere me, aspioe in me, et miserere 
 mei, ut nullum jam improperium audiam. ''^In illo tempore 
 exauditae sunt preces amborum ab ipsa claritate summi Dei : 
 ^^ et missus est Kapbahel angelus sanare duos, id est, Thobin 
 curare a maculis oculorum, et reddere ei aspectum luminis ; et 
 Sarram filiam Kaguhelis dare Thobiae filio Tliobis uxorem, et 
 colligare Asmodaeum daemouium nequissimum ab ilia : quo- 
 niam Thobiae destinata erat baereditas ejus, super omnes qui 
 illam concupierant. Uno igitur tempore reversus est Thobi de 
 atrio in domum suam, et Sarra filia Raguhelis descendit et ipsa 
 de loco superiori. 
 
 Caput IV. 
 
 ' Eadem die rememoratus est Tbobis commendasse se pecu- 
 niaai Gabelo, in Eages civitate Medorum : et dixit in corde sue 
 cogitans : Eoce ego postulavi mortem ; cur non voco Thobian 
 filium meum, et indicabo illi de hac pecunia quam commendavi, 
 antequam moriar ? Et vocavit filium suum, '■' et dixit illi : Fili : 
 et ille respondit : Quid est, pater ? Et Thobis dixit : ' Fili, cum 
 mortuus fuero, sepeli me diligenter: et honorem habe matri 
 tuae, et noli derelinquere illam omnibus diebus vitae suae ; et 
 quod illi placet, hoc fac in conspectu ejus, et noli contristari spi- 
 ritum ejus in uUa re. ^ Memor esto, fili, quanta pericula passa 
 sit pro te in utero suo : * et cum mortua fuerit, sepeli illam circa 
 me in uno sepulcro. "Et omnibus diebus vitae tuae, fili,-Deum 
 in mente habe : et noli velle peccare, vel praeterire praecepta 
 illius. Justitiam fac omnibus diebus vitae tuae, et noli ire in 
 viam iniquitatis : quoniam, agente te ex veritate, erit respectus 
 in operibus tuis, et omnibus qui faciunt justitiam. 'Ex sub- 
 
 f 
 
Ixxiv BOOK OF TOBIT. CH. IV. 8. 
 
 stantia tua, fill, fac eleemosynam, et noli avertere faciem tuam 
 ab ullo paupere : et ita fiet ut nee avertatur a te fades Dei. 
 * Quomodo liabueris, fill, sic fao eleemosynam. ' Si tibi largior 
 fuerit substantia, plus ex ilia fac eleemos5mam : si exiguum 
 habueris, ex hoc ipso exiguo communica ; et ne timueris, fili, 
 cum facies eleemosynam. ■'° Praemium bonum repones tibi in 
 die necessitatis : " quoniam eleemosyna a morte liberat, et 
 non patitur ire in tenebras. ^^Munus bonum est eleemosyna 
 omnibus qui faciunt illam, coram summo Deo. ^' Adtende tibi, 
 fili, ab omni fornicatione : uxorem proximam accipe ex semiiie 
 parentum tuorum, et noli sumere uxorem alienam, quae non est 
 ex tribu parentum tuorum : quoniam filii prophetarum sumus, 
 qui in veritate prophetaverunt priores. Noe prophetavit prior, 
 et Abraham, et Isaac, et Jacob, parentes nostri a principio 
 saeculi. Eememorare, fili, quoniam hi omnes acceperunt uxores 
 ex genere patrum suorum, et benedicti sunt in filiis suis, et 
 semen filiorum possidebit haereditatem terrae. ^* Et tu, fili, 
 dilige fratres tuos ; et noli superbo corde agere cum filiabus 
 filiorum populi tui, ut non accipias unam ex illis : quoniam 
 superbia, perditio et inconstantia magna est ; et luxuria, dimi- 
 nutio et impietas magna est. ^^ Mercedem omni homini, qui- 
 cunque penes te operatus fuerit, redde eadem die, et non nianeat 
 penes te merces hominis : et non minorabitur merces tua, si 
 servieris Deo in veritate. ■'^Adtende tibi, fili, in omnibus ope- 
 ribus tuis, et esto sapiens in omnibus sermonibus tuis : et 
 quod oderis, alio ne feceris. Noli bibere vinum in ebrietate, 
 et non comitetur tecum uUa nequitia in omni vita tua. "De 
 pane tuo communica esurientibus, et vestimentis tuis nudos tege. 
 Ex omnibus quaecunque tibi abundaverint, fili, fac eleemosynam; 
 et non videat oculus tuus, cum facis eleemosynam. ^* Funde 
 vinum tuum et panem tuum super sepulcra justorum, et noli 
 illud dare peccatoribus. ■" Consilium ab homine sapiente in- 
 quire, et noli contemnere ; quoniam omne consilium utile est. 
 "" Omni tempore benedic Deo : et postula ab illo, ut dirigantur 
 viae tuae, et omnes semitae tuae et cogitationes bene dispo- 
 
CH. V. 9. ITALA. IXXV 
 
 nantur : quoniam caeterae nationes non habent bonam cogita- 
 tionem. Quem ergo voluerit, ipse allevat; et quern voluerit, 
 ipse demergit usque ad inferos deorsum: et nunc, fili mi, memor 
 esto praeceptorum meorum, et non deleantur de corde tuo. 
 ^^ Nunc igitur, fili, indico tibi commendasse me decern talenta 
 , argenti Gabelo filio Gabahel, in Eages civitate Medorum. 
 °^ Noli ergo vereri, fili, quia pauperem vitam gessimus : habebis 
 multa bona, si timueris Deum, et recesseris ab omni peccato, et 
 bene egeris. 
 
 Caput V. 
 
 * Tunc Thobias respondit Thobi patri suo, dicens : Omnia 
 quaecunque praecepisti mihi, pater, sic faciam. ^ Quomodo 
 autem potero banc pecuniam reoipere ab illo t neque enim me 
 ille novit, neque ego ilium : vel quod signum dabo illi, ut me 
 cognoscat, et credat, et det mihi banc pecuniam ? Sed neque 
 vias regionis illius novi. ^ Et respondit Thobi filio suo, dicens : 
 Chirographum suum dedit mihi, et meum similiter accepit, et 
 divisit in duas partes : unum accepi ego, et alium posui cum 
 ipsa peounia; et jam anni sunt viginti, ex quo. penes ilium de- 
 posui banc pecuniam. * Nunc itaque, fili, inquire aliquem 
 hominem fidelem, qui eat tecum accepta mercede : et dum 
 adhuc vivo, recipe pecuniam ab illo. ° Et exiit Thobias quaerere 
 hominem, qui eum duceret in regionem Mediam, et qui maxime 
 haberet notitiam viae regionis illius : et invenit Eaphahel ange- 
 lum stantem. * Et ignorans ilium angelum Dei esse, dixit illi : 
 Unde es, juvenis ? ' Et ille I'espondit, dicens : Ex filiis Israel 
 fratrum tuorum veni hue, ut operer. Et dixit illi Thobias : 
 Nosti viam quae ducit in regionem Mediam ? ^ Et ille dixit : 
 Multa ego novi : et teneo vias omnes, et aliquoties ivi in illam 
 regionem ; et mansi a^ud Gabelum fratrem nostrum, qui com- 
 moratur in Eages civitate Medorum : et est iter bidui ex 
 Batbanis, usque Eages civitatem Phagar, quae posita est in 
 monte ; et est Bathaim in medio campo. " Et dixit illi Thobias : 
 Sustine, juvenis, donee intrem, et hoc ipsum patri meo nunciem : 
 
 f2 
 
Ixxvi BOOK OF TOBIT. CH. V. lo. 
 
 necessarium est enim ut eas mecum, et dabo tibi mercedem 
 tuam. Et respondens Kaphahel angelus, dixit : Ecce sustineo 
 te, noli tardare. "Et introivit Thobias, et renuntiavit Tobi 
 patri suo, dicens : Ecce inveni hominem ex fratribus nostris, qui 
 eat mecum. Et ille dixit : Eoga mihi bomiuem, fili, ut sciam 
 ex qua tribu sit ; et an fidelis sit, cui tu committaris. Et exiit 
 Thobias, et vocavit ilium, dicens : Juvenis intra, pater meus te 
 rogat. " Et cum intrasset, prior Thobis salutavit eum. Et ille 
 dixit : Gaudium tibi semper sit, frater. ^^ Et respondit Thobis, 
 et dixit : Ut quid mibi gaudium 1 homo sum invalidus oculis, 
 et non video lumen coelorum, sed in tenebris positus sum, 
 sicut mortuus inter vivos : vocem hominum audio, et ipsos non 
 video. ^^ Et dixit illi Eaphahel angelus : Forti animo esto, in 
 proximo est ut a Deo cureris. " Et respondit illi Thobis : 
 Thobias filius meus vult ire in regionem Mediam ; si poteris ire 
 cum illo, et deducere ilium, dabo tibi mercedem tuam, frater. 
 ^'^ Et dixit Eaphahel angelus : Potero ire cum illo : quoniam 
 novi omnes vias, et aliquoties ivi in regionem Mediam ; et 
 perambulavi omnes campos ejus, et montes, et omnes oomme- 
 atus ejus bene teneo. ^° Et dixit Thobis : Frater, ex quo 
 geuere es, et ex qua tribu 1 narra mihi. " Et ille dixit : Quid 
 necesse est te scire genus meum, vel tribum meam 1 merce- 
 narium desideras ; genus et tribum meam cur quaeris 1 ^^ Sed 
 si valde exigis, ego sum Azarias Annaniae magni filius, ex 
 fratribus tuis. ^^ Et dixit illi Thobis : Salvus et sanus venias, 
 frater. Sed peto ne irascaris quod voluerim vere scire de genere 
 tuo. Tu ergo ex fratribus meis es, de genere bono et optimo : 
 Nosti Annaniam et Nathan, duos filios Semeiae magni viri, qui 
 et ipsi mecum ibant in Hierusalem, et adorabant ibi mecum, 
 et non exerraverunt ? Hi omnes fratres nostri, optimi sunt. 
 Ex bona radice es, frater, salvus eas, et salvus venias. Et 
 adjecit, dicens : Ego tibi dabo, mercedis nomine, didragmam 
 diurnam, et quaecunque necessaria sunt tibi, et filio meo simi- 
 liter : et vade cum illo, et adjiciam tibi ad mercedem tuam. 
 ^^ Et dixit illi Eaphahel angelus : Ibo cum illo, ne timueris : 
 
CH. VI. 8, ITALA. Ixxvii 
 
 salvi ibimus, et salvi revertemur ad te cum pace, quoniam via 
 tuta est. ^^ Et Tliobis dixit : Bene iter age, frater et contingat 
 tibi. Et vocavit Thobiam filium suum, et dixit illi : Praepara 
 te, et exi cum fratre tuo : Deus autem qui in coelo est perducat 
 vos ibi cum pace, et reducat salvos, et angelus illius comitetur 
 vobiscum cum sanitate. ^^ Et praeparavit se ad viam Tbobias, 
 et exiit ut iret : et osculatus est patrem 'suum et matrem ; et 
 dixit illi Thobis pater suus : Vade, fill, salvus et sanus venias. 
 ^' Et lacrymata est mater illius, et dixit patri ejus : Quo misisti 
 filium nostrum 1 Nonne ipsa est virga manus nostrae, et ipse 
 intrat et exit coram nobis 1 ^* Nunquam esset pecunia iUa, sed 
 purgamento sit. "^ Quo modo datum est a Domino vivere, hoc 
 sufficiebat nobis. '"^ Et dixit illi Thobis : Noli vereri, salvus 
 ibit filius noster, et salvus revertetur ad nos, et oculi tui vide- 
 bunt ilium ilia die qua venerit. ^^ Nihil timueris de illo, soror; 
 angelus bonus comitetur cum illo, et bene disponet viam illius, 
 et revertetur sanus. "" Et cessavit plorare. 
 
 Caput VI. 
 ^ Et prof'ectus est filius illorum, et angelus cum illo, et canis 
 seoutus est eos : et ibant pariter, et comprehendit illos proxima 
 nox, et manserunt super flumen Tigrim. ^ Et descendit Thobias 
 lavare pedes suos in flumine, et exsilivit piscis de aqua magnus, 
 et circumplexus est pedes ejus : pene puerum devoraverat. ^ Et 
 exclamavit puer. * Et dixit illi angelus : Comprehende et tene 
 ilium. Et comprehendit puer piscem, et eduxit ilium in terram. 
 
 * Et dixit angelus puero : Exintera hunc piscem, et toUe fel, et 
 cor, et jecor illius, et repone et habe tecum : sunt enim neces- 
 saria haec ad medicamenta utilia : et caetera interanea projice. 
 
 * Et exinteravit puer piscem ilium, et tuUt fel, et cor, et jecor : 
 et partem piscis assaverunt, et tulerunt in via ; caetera autem 
 salierunt : et coeperunt iter agere, donee pervenirent in regio- 
 nem Medorum. '' Et interrogavit puer angelum, dicens : Azarias 
 frater, quod remedium est hoc fel, cor, et jecor piscis "i * Et 
 aagelus dixit : Cor et jecor fumigatur coram viro, et mulierq, 
 
Ixxviii BOOK OF TOBIT. CH. VI. 9. 
 
 qui incursum daemonis aut spiritum iinmunclum habet ; et 
 fugiet ab illo omnis incursus, et non apparebit in aeternum. 
 " Et fel faoit ad unguendos oculos homini, oui fuerint albugines, 
 vel ad flandum in ipsis oculorum maculis, ut ad sanitatem per- 
 veniant. ■"' Et postquam intraverunt in regionem Medians, 
 adpropinquaverunt civitati Batbanis. ^^ Et dixit Eapbahel 
 angelus : Eaguhel, penes quem bac nocte manere nos oportet, 
 homo est propinquus tuus, et habet filiam speciosam nomine 
 Sarram, sed neque masculum ullum, neque feminam aliam 
 praeter illam habet. ^^Et tu proximus es illius super omnes 
 homines, ut possideas eam, et haereditatem illius, et omnem 
 substantiam patris ejus : accipe illam uxorem. Etenini puella 
 haec sapiens, fortis et bona valde, et constabilita ; et pater ipsius 
 diligit illam, et quaecunque possedit illi tradet. Tibi ergo 
 destinata est haereditas patris ejus, et te oportet acoipere illam. 
 ^' Et nunc audi me, frater, et loquere de ilia hac noete, et acci- 
 piemus tibi illam uxorem : et cum regressi fuerimus ex Kages, 
 faciemus nuptias ejus. Scio autem quia Eaguhel non negabit 
 illam tibi : novit enim quia si dederit illam viro alio, morte 
 periet secundum judicium libri Moysi : et quia scit tibi ihaxime 
 aptam esse haereditatem illius, magis quam alioui homini. Nunc 
 ergo, frater, audi me, et loquamur de hac puella, et desponse- 
 mus illam tibi : et reversi ex Eages, ducemus eam nobiscum 
 in domum tuam. " Tunc respondit Thobias E.aphahel angelo, 
 et dixit : Azarias frater, audivi qiioniam jam tradita est viris 
 septem, et mortui sunt in oubiculo nocte, ea hora qua cum ilia 
 fuerunt : audivi etiam quosdam dicentes, quoniam daemonium 
 est quod illos occidit. ^^ Et nunc timeo hoc daemonium, quo- 
 niam diligit illam : et ipsam quidem non vexat, sed eum qui 
 illi adplicitus fuerit, ipsum occidit. Unicus sum patri meo ; 
 ne forte moriar, et deduoam patris mei vitam, et matris meae 
 cum dolore ad inferos : sed neque habent alium filium, qui 
 sepeliat illos, et possideat haereditatem illorum. ^^ Et dixit 
 Raphahel angelus : Memor esto mandatorum patris tui, quoniam 
 praecepit tibi accipere te debere uxorem de dome patris tui. 
 
CH. Til. 10. ITALA. Ixxix 
 
 Et nunc audi me, frater, noli computare daemonium illud : sed 
 postula illam, et scio quoniam dabitur tibi hac nocte uxor. 
 ^' ["] Et cum intraveris in cubioulum, tolle jeeor et cor piscis 
 illius, et pone super carbones : et odor manabit, et odorabitur 
 illud daemonium, et fugiet, et non apparebit circa illam omnino 
 in perpetuum. " ["] Et cum coeperis velle esse cum ilia, sur- 
 gite primo ambo, et depreoamini Dominum coeli, ut detur vobis 
 misericordia et sanitas. ^"Noli timere, tibi enim destinata est 
 ante saecula : et tu illam sanabis, et ibit tecum ; ^^ et credo 
 quoniam babebis ex ilia filios, et erunt tibi sicut fratres. '"^ Et 
 cum audisset Thobias sermones Eaphahel angeli, quoniam soror 
 est illius, et de domo seminis patris illius, haesit cordi ejus. 
 
 Caput VII. 
 ' Et cum venissent in civitatem Ecbatanan, dicit Tliobias 
 angelo : Azarias frater, due me viam rectam ad Raguhelem. Et 
 venerunt, et invenerunt ilium sedentem in atrio, circa ostium do- 
 mus suae, et salutaverunt ilium priores. Et dixit Eaguhel : Bene 
 valeatis, fratres, intrate salvi et sani : et induxit illos in domum 
 suam. ^ Et dixit Annae uxori suae : Quam similis est hie juve- 
 nis Thobis consobrini mei! ' Et interrogavit illos Anna, dicens : 
 Unde estis, fratres % Et illi dixerunt : Ex filiis Nepthalim nos 
 sumuB, ex captivis Ninive. * Tunc ilia dixit : Nostis Thobin fra- 
 trem nostrum ? Et dixerunt : Novimus. Et ilia dixit : Fortis est ? 
 Et illi dixerunt : Fortis est et vivat. " Tunc Thobias dixit : Pater 
 meus est, de quo quaeris. ^Et exsiliit Eaguhel, et osculatus 
 est ilium lacrymans, ' et dixit : Benedictio tibi sit, fili, quoniam 
 boni et optimi viri iilius es tu. O infelicitas malorum, quia 
 excaecatus est vir Justus et faciens eleemosynas ! Et incubuit 
 lacrymans super collum Thobiae filii fratris sui. *Et Anna 
 uxor ejus et Sarra filia eorum lacrymatae sunt. ' Et occi- 
 derunt arietem, et susceperunt illos libenter : et postquam 
 laverunt, discubuefunt ad coenandum. '" Et dixit Thobias ad 
 Eaphahel angelum : Azarias frater, die Eaguheli ut det mihi 
 Sarram sororem meam. Et audivit Eaguhel hunc sermonem, 
 
IxXX BOOK OF TOBIT. CH. Til. II. 
 
 et dixit illi : Manduca et bibe, et suaviter tibi sit hac nocte : 
 non est enim alius cui oporteat acoipere Sarram filiam meam 
 quam tu ; similiter et mihi non licet illam dare alio viro quam 
 tibi : tu proximus mihi es, et tibi Sarra. " Verum autem tibi 
 dicam, fili : tradidi illam jam viris septem, fratribus nostris; et 
 omnes mortui sunt dum cum ilia secedunt. Nunc ergo, fib, 
 manduca et bibe. Et dixit Thobias : Hie ego non edam quic- 
 quam neque bibam donee mecum rem confirmes. ^' Et Kaguhel 
 dixit : Ne dubites, fili, facio quod vis. Et bis dictis adjecit, 
 dicens : " Tibi Sarra destinata est secundum judicium libri 
 Moysi, et de coelo judicatum est tibi illam dari. Accipe sororem 
 tuam, amodo tu illius frater es, et haec tua soror est : datur 
 tibi ex bodierno et in aeternum. Et Dominus coeli bene dispo- 
 nat vobis banc noctem, et faciat vobis misericordiam et pacem. 
 '^ Et accersivit Eaguhel Sarram filiam suam, et accessit ad 
 ilium : et, adprehensa manu virginis, tradidit earn illi, et dixit : 
 Ecce, accipe secundum legem et judicium quod scriptum est in 
 lege Moysi, dare tibi banc uxorem. Habe itaque, et due illam 
 ad patrem tuum, fili, salvus et sanus : et Deus de coelo det 
 vobis bonum iter, et pacem. '* Et vocavit matrem et puellam, 
 et praecepit afferri cbartam, ut faceret conscriptionem conjugii, 
 quemadmodum tradidit illam uxorem secundum judicium libri 
 Moysi. Et attulit mater illius cbartam, et ille scripsit, et sig- 
 navit. ■" Et ex ilia bora coeperunt manducare et bibere. '* Et 
 vocavit Eaguhel Annam uxorem suam, et dixit illi : Praepara 
 cubiculum aliud, et introduc illuc puellam. Et abiit in cubi- 
 oulum, et stravit, sicut illi dictum est. ^^ Et introduxit filiam 
 suam, et lacrymata est causa illius : et extersit lacrymas, "" et 
 dixit illi : Forti animo esto, filia : Dominus coeli det tibi gau- 
 dium pro taedio tuo. Et exiit inde. 
 
 Caput VIII. 
 ^ Et postquam consummaverunt coenam, voluerunt dormire ; 
 et deduxerunt juvenem, et induxerunt ilium in cubiculum. 
 * Et rememoratus est Thobias sermonum Eaphahel angeli : et 
 
CH. VIII. 20. ITALA. Ixxxi 
 
 sustulit de sacculo quern habebat cor et jecor piscis, et impo- 
 suit super carbones vivos. ^Et odor piscis prohibuit daemo- 
 nium, et refugit in superiores partes Aegypti. Et abiit Rapbahel 
 angelus, et conligavit eum ibi, et reversus est continue. * Et 
 exierunt, et clauserunt ostium cubiculi. Et surrexit Tbobias 
 de lecto, et dixit Sarrae : Surge, soror, oremus et deprecemur 
 Deum, ut faciat misericordiam nobiscum. " Et surrexerunt, et 
 coeperunt orare et deprecari Dominum, ut daretur illis sanitas. 
 '' Et dixerunt : Benedictus es, Domine Deus patrum nostrorum, 
 et benedictum nomen tuum in omnia saeoula saeculorum : et 
 benedicant tibi coeli, et omnis creatura tua. " Tu fecisti Adam, 
 et dedisti illi adjutorium Evam, et ex his multiplicasti semen 
 hominum. ° Et nunc, Domine, tu scis, quoniam non luxuriae 
 causa accipio uxorem sororem meam, sed ipsa veritate, ■'■'' ut 
 miserearis nostri, Domine, et consenescamus pariter sani cum 
 pace ; et da nobis iilios in benedictione. Et dixerunt, Amen : 
 et reoeperunt se. ^^ Et surrexit Eaguhel, et accersivit servos 
 suos, et abierunt cum illo, et foderunt foveam per noctem. 
 '^ Dicebat enim : Ne forte moriatur Tbobias, et omnibus fiam 
 derisio et opprobrium. ^'Et consummaverunt fossuram. Re- 
 versus est Eaguhel domum, et vocavit uxorem suam, et dixit : 
 '* Mitte unam ex ancillis ad cubiculum, et videat si vivit, an 
 mortuus est, ut sepeliamus ilium nemine sciente. ^° Et misit 
 unam ex ancillis. Et accensa lucerna, aperuit ostium, et 
 inti'avit, et invenit illos pariter dormientes. ■'^Et reversa, 
 nunciavit ilium vivere, et nihil mali passum : et benedixit 
 Eaguhel Deum coeli, '' dicens : Benedictus es, Domine, omni 
 benedictione sancta et munda : et benedicant tibi omnes electi 
 tui, et omnis creatura tua benedicat tibi, in omnia saecula 
 saeculorum. Benedictus es, quoniam laetificasti me, et non 
 contigit mihi sicut putabam ; ■'* sed secundum magnam mise- 
 ricordiam tuam egisti nobiscum. ^' Benedictus es, quia misertus 
 es duorum unicorum. Fac cum illis, Domine, misericordiam, et 
 da sanitatem : et consumma vitam eorum cum misericordia et 
 laetitia. ™Et praecepit servis suis, ut replerent fossam quam 
 
Ixxxii BOOK OF TOBIT. CH. VIII. 2i. 
 
 fecerant, priusquam lucesceret. ^^Et praecepit uxori suae ut 
 faceret panes multos. ^^ Et abiit ipse ad gregem, et adduxit 
 vaccas duas et quatuor arietes, et jussit praeparari. ^' Et vo- 
 cavit Thobiam, et juravit illi, dicens : His diebus quatuordeoim 
 hino non recedes ; sed hie eris manducans et bibens mecum, et 
 laetificabis animam filiae meae, multis adfliotam doloribus. "* Et 
 ex eo quod possideo accipe partem dimidiam, et vade salvus et 
 sanus cum pace ad patrem tuum ; et alia dimidia pars, cum 
 mortui fuerimus ego et uxor mea, vestra erit. Forti animo 
 esto, fili, ego pater tuus sum, et Anna mater tua; tui sumus 
 nos, et sororis tuae, amodo et in perpetuo. 
 
 Caput IX. 
 ' Tunc accersivit Thobias Eaphahel angelum, et dixit illi : 
 ' Azarias frater, adsume tecum hinc servos quatuor, et camelos 
 duos, et perveni in civitatem Rages ad Gabelum : et da illi 
 chirographum suum, et recipe pecuniam, et accersi ilium ad 
 nuptias. * Sois enim quoniam numerat dies pater meus : et si 
 tardavero una plus die, contristabo animam ejus. ° Sed vides 
 quomodo Eagubel juraverit, cujus jusjurandum spernere non 
 possumus. * Et abiit Rapbabel angelus, cum quatuor servis et 
 duobus camelis, in civitatem Rages : et pianserunt penes Gabe- 
 lum, et dedit illi Raphahel chirographum suum. ' Et indica- 
 vit illi de Thobia filio Thobi, quoniam accepit uxorem filiam 
 Raguhel, et rogat ilium ad nuptias. Et continuo surrexit, et 
 adsignavit illi saccos cum suis sigillis, et composuerunt illos 
 supra camelos ; et vigilaverunt simul, et venerunt ad nuptias. 
 * Et invenit Gabelus Thobiam discumbentem : et exsilivit, et 
 salutavit, et osculatus est eum : et lacrymatus est Gabelus, et 
 benedixit Deum, " dicens : Benedictus Dominus qui dedit tibi 
 pacem, bone et optime vir, quoniam boni et optimi et justi 
 viri, eleemosynas faoientis, filius es : et benedictus tu, fili. ■'° Det 
 tibi benedictionem Dominus coeli, et uxori tuae, et patri et matri 
 uxoris tuae : et benedictus Deus, quoniam video Thobi consu- 
 brini mei similem. 
 
CH. X. 13. ITALA. Ixxxiii 
 
 Caput X. 
 
 ^Et quotidie computabat Thobis dies, quibus iret et revei-- 
 teretur filius ejus. Et postquam consummati sunt dies, et filius 
 ejus non veniebat, dixit : Nunquid detentus est Thobias 'i ^ Aut 
 forte Gabelus mortuus est, et nemo illi reddidit pecuniam. ' Et 
 contristari coepit ; et Anna uxor illius dicebat : Periit filius 
 mens, et jam non est inter vivos: quare tardat? *Et coepit 
 plorare, et lugere filium suum, dicens : Vae mihi, fili, quae te 
 dimisi ire, lumen oculorum meorum ! ° Cui Thobis dicebat : 
 Tace, noli contristari, soror, salvus est filius noster ; sed aliqua 
 forsitan mora detinet illos : homo enim qui cum illo ivit 
 fidelis est, et ex fratribus nostris. Noli taediari pro illo, soror ; 
 jam venit. ' Et ilia dicebat : Tace, molestus es mihi : noli me 
 seducere, periit filius meus. Et exsiliens circumspiciebat viam 
 qua filius ejus profectus erat, et nihil gustabat : et cum occi- 
 disset sol, introibat, et lugebat lacrymans tota nocte, et non 
 dormiebat. ' [°] Et ut consummati sunt quatuordecim dies 
 nuptiarum de quibus juraverat Eaguhel, exiit ad ilium Tho- 
 bias, et dixit illi : Dimitte me ; scio enim quia pater meus et 
 mater mea non credunt se visuros me. Nunc itaque peto, pater, 
 et dimittas me, ut eam ad patrem meum : jam tibi indicavi 
 quomodo ilium reliquerim. ^ [*] Et dixit Eaguhel Thobiae : 
 Remane hie penes me, et ego nuncios mittam patri tuo, et 
 indicabunt illi de te. Et ille dixit : In totum, pater, peto, ut 
 dimittas me hinc ad patrem meum. " Et continue surgens 
 Eaguhel tradidit Thobiae Sarram filiam suam, et dimidiam 
 partem substantiae suae, pueros et puellas, oves et boves, asinos 
 et camelos, vestes, vasa, et pecuniam : et dimisit ilium salvum 
 sanum, et vale ilU fecit, " et dixit : Vade, fili, salvus sanus, 
 Dominus coeli bene disponat iter tuum, et Sarrae uxori tuae, 
 et videam ex vobis filios antequam moriar. ^^ Et adprehendit 
 illam, et salutans osculatus est Sarram filiam suam, ^' et dixit 
 illi : Eilia, honorem habe socero tuo et socrui tuae : ipsi amodo 
 sunt parentes tui, tanquam pater tuus et mater tua, qui te 
 
Ixxxiv BOOK OF TOBIT. CH. XI. i. 
 
 genuerunt. Vade salva, filia, audiam de te auditionem bonam 
 in vita mea et gaudium : et osculatus est earn, et dimisit illam. 
 Et Anna dixit Thobiae : Fili et frater dileote, salrum te per- 
 ducat Dominus coeli,'et det mihi ut videam filios de Sarra filia 
 mea antequam moriar, ut delecter coram Domino coeli. Ego 
 trado tibi Sarram filiam meam, tanquam bonum depositum ; et 
 non vexes eam omnibus diebus vitae tuae. Vade, fili, salvus et 
 sanus : ego mater tua amodo, et Sarra uxor tua. Diligat te 
 Dominus et illam, ut sitis in loco sanctitatis omnibus diebus 
 vitae vestrae. Et osculata est utrosque, et dimisit illos sanos. 
 Et discessit Thobias a Eaguhele, gaudens et benedicens Deum 
 coeli et terrae, regem omnium, quia direxit viam ejus : et bene- 
 dixit Eagubeli et Annae uxori illius, et dixit : Injunctum est 
 mihi a Domino honorari vos omnibus diebus vitae vestrae. 
 
 Caput XI. 
 ^Et profecti sunt, et ibant donee venirent Charam, quae 
 civitas est contra Niniven. ^Tunc dixit Eaphahel: Thobias 
 frater, nescis quomodo reliqueris patrem tuum ? ' Praecedamus 
 uxorem tuam, et eamus, et praeparemus domum, dum prose- 
 quitur nos puella. * Et praecesserunt pariter, et dixit illi 
 angelus : Telle tecum de felle illo, et babe. Et abiit cum 
 illis et canis. ■* Et Anna sedebat in via, circumspiciens adven- 
 tum filii sui. " Et cognovit ilium venientem^ et dixit patri 
 ejus : Ecce filius tuus venit, et homo qui cum illo erat. ' Et 
 E-aphahel dixit Thobiae : Antequam adpropinquemus patri tuo, 
 scio enim quia oculi ejus aperientur ; * adsperge ergo oculis ejus 
 fel piscis, et insidet medicamentum ; et deooriabis albugines ab 
 oculis ejus, et respiciet pater tuus, et videbit lumen. ' Et 
 adcurrit ei mater sua, et irruit coUo filii sui, et dixit illi : Fili, 
 video te, amodo libenter moriar ; et lacrymata est : Thobias 
 etiam lacrymatus est. ^^ Et surrexit Thobis, et offendebat pedi- 
 bus : et egressus est atrium, et occurrit illi Thobias, ferens 
 fel piscis in manibus suis. " Et insuffiavit in oculis Thobis 
 patris sui, et adprehendit eum, et dixit illi : Forti animo esto, 
 
CH. XII. 2, ITALA. IXXXV 
 
 pater : et injecit medicamentum in oculis ejus, et morsum illi 
 praebebat. " Et decoriavit duabus manibus albugines ocu- 
 lorum illius, '^ et vidit filium suum, et irruit collo ejus, et 
 lacrymatus est. "Et benedixit Deum, "et dixit: Video te, 
 fili : Benedictus Deus, et benedictum nomen illius magnum, et 
 benedicti omnes sancti angeli ejus. Sit nomen illius sanctum 
 in omnia saecula saeculorum, quoniam ipse flagellavit me, et 
 ipse misertus est mei : ecce ego video Thobiam filium meum. 
 ^' Et introivit Thobias et Anna uxor ejus in domum, gaudentes, 
 et benedicentes Deum toto ore suo, pro omnibus quae sibi eve- 
 nerant. " Et indicavit patri suo Thobias, quoniam perfecta est 
 via illius bene a Domino Deo, et quia adtullt pecuniam ; et 
 quemadmodum accepit Sarram filiam Eaguhelis uxorem, et 
 quia venit et ipsa, et jam proximo est portae Ninive. Et 
 gavisi sunt Thobis et Anna, et exierunt in obviam nurui suae : 
 et videbant Thobin, qui erant in porta Ninive, venientem, et 
 ambulantem cum omni virtute sua, nemine dante ei manum ; 
 et mirabantur. Et confitebatur Thobis, et benedicebat magna 
 voce Deum, et ambulabat cum gaudio coram omnibus, quoniam 
 misertus est illius Deus, et aperuit oculos ejus. Et ut adpro- 
 pinquavit Thobias, adducens Sarram uxorem suam, benedixit 
 illi Thobis, dicens : Intra sana; Sarra filia. Benedictus Deus, 
 qui adduxit te ad nos, et benedictus pater tuus, et mater tua : 
 et benedictus Thobias filius meus, et benedicta tu filia ; intra in 
 domum tuam sana, in benedictione et gaudio. In ilia die erat 
 gaudium magnum omnibus Judaeis qui erant in Ninive. ^^ Et 
 venit Achicarus, et Nabal avunculus illius, gaudentes ad Thobin. 
 ^^ Et consummatae sunt nuptiae cum gaudio septem diebus, et 
 data sunt illi munera multa. 
 
 Caput XII. 
 
 ^ Et postquam consummatae sunt nuptiae, vocavit Thobis 
 
 Thobiam filium suum, et dixit illi : Homini illi qui tecum fuit, 
 
 reddamus honorem suum, et adjiciamus illi ad mercedem. ^ Et 
 
 ille dixit : Pater, quantum illi dabo ? non enim satis est si 
 
Ixxxvi BOOK OP TOBIT. CH. XII. 3. 
 
 dedero illi ex his quae mecum adtuH dimidiam partem, ' Duxit 
 enim me sanum et reduxit, et uxorem meam curavit, at pecu- 
 niam mecum adtulit, et te curavit. Quantum illi dabo merce- 
 dem 1 * Et dixit Thobis : Justum est ilium, fili, dimidium horum 
 quae tecum attulit accipere. ^ Et vocavit ilium Thobias, et dixit 
 ei : Acoipe dimidium borum quae tecum adtulisti : baec erit 
 merces tua, et vade sanus. ^ Tunc Raphahel vocavit ambos 
 abscondite, et dixit illis : Deum benedicite, et illi confitemini, 
 et ipsius majestati date honorem : et confitemini illi coram 
 omnibus viventibus, quia fecit vobiscum bona, ut benedicatis 
 Deo, et decantetis nomini ejus ; et sermones de operibus 
 ejus honorifice ostendite, et confitemini illi. ' Quoniam 
 sacramentum regis bonum est abscondere ; opera autem Dei 
 revelare et confiteri honorificum est. *Bona est oratio cum 
 jejunio, et eleemosyna cum justitia : super utrumque autem 
 melius est modicuiji cum justitia quam plurimum cum iniqui- 
 tate. Bonum est facere eleemosynam magis quam tbesauros 
 auri oondere : ' quia eleemosyna a morte liberat, et ipsa purgat 
 peccata. Qui faciunt eleemosynam et miserationem et justitiam, 
 saturabuntur vita aeterna. ^° Qui faciunt peccatum et iniqui- 
 tatem, bostes sunt animae suae. " Omnem veritateni vobis 
 manifestabo, et non abscondam a vobis ullum sermonem. Et 
 jam vobis demonstravi et dixi, quia sacramentum regis- bonum 
 abscondere, opera autem Dei revelare et confiteri honorificuni 
 est. ^^ Et tunc quando orabas tu, et Sarra, ego obtuli memo- 
 riam orationis vestrae in conspectu claritatis Dei, et legi : et 
 cum sepelires mortuos, similiter; et quia non es cunctatus 
 exsurgere, et relinquere prandium tuum, et abiisti, et sepelisti 
 mortuum. ■ " Et missus sum tentare te, et Sarram nurum tuam. 
 " Ego enim sum Raphahel, unus de septem angelis Sanctis, qui 
 adsistimus et conversamur ante claritatem Dei. '° Et contur- 
 bati sunt utrique, et ceciderunt in faciem, et timuerunt. " Et 
 dixit illis Eaphahel : Nolite timere, pax vobiscum, Deum bene- 
 dicite in omni aevo. "Etenim cum essem vobiscum, non mea 
 gratia eram sed voluntate Dei : ipsi ei'go benedicite, et omnibus 
 
CH. XIII. 12. ITALA. Ixxxvii 
 
 diebus decantate ei. " Et videbatis me quia manducabam ; sed 
 visu vestro videbatis. "" Et nunc surgite a terra, et confitemini 
 Deo. Ecce ego ascendo ad eum, qui me misit : scribite ergo 
 omnia quae contigerunt vobis. " Et ascendit : et surrexerunt, 
 et non potuerunt ilium videre. ^^ Et benedicebant et decanta- 
 bant Deo, et confitebantur illi in omnibus operibus magnis 
 illius, quia apparuit illis angelus Dei. 
 
 Caput XHI. 
 ' Tunc locutus est Thobis, et scripsit orationem in laetitia, 
 et dixit : Benedictus es, Deus, quia magnus es, et vivis in aeter- 
 num. Quoniam in omnia saeoula regnum est illius : ''■ quia ipse 
 flagellat et miseretur : deduoet usque ad inferos deorsum, et 
 reducet a perditione, majestate sua: et non est qui effugiat 
 manum. ejus. ' Confitemini illi, filii Isi'ael, coram nationibus, 
 
 * quia ipse dispersit vos in illis ; et ibi adnuntiate misericordiam 
 ejus, et exaltate ilium coram omni vivente : quoniam ipse est 
 Dominus Deus noster, et ipse pater noster, et Deus in omnia 
 saecula saeculorum. ^ Flagellavit vos ob iniquitates vestras : et 
 omnium miserebitur vestrum, et coUiget vos ab omnibus natio- 
 nibus ubicunque dispersi fueritis. Cum conversi fueritis ad 
 ilium ex toto corde vestro, ut faciatis coram illo veritatem ; 
 tunc revertetur ad vos, et non avertet faciem suam a vobis 
 amplius. ' Et nunc aspicite quae fecit Dominus vobis, et con- 
 fitemini illi ex toto corde vestro, ut faciatis coram illo veritatem : 
 et benedicite Domino in justitia, et exaltate regem saeculorum. 
 ' Ego in terra captivitatis meae confiteor illi, et ostendo vir- 
 tutem ipsius, et majestatem ejus coram natione peccatrice. 
 
 * Convertimini, peccatores, et facite justitiam coram illo : qui 
 scit si velit ut faoiat vobiscum misericordiam % ' Ego et anima 
 mea regi coeli laetationem dicimus, et anima mea laetabitur 
 omnibus diebus vitae meae. ^'' Benedicite Domino omnes electi, 
 et omnes laudate majestatem ejus : agite dies laetitiae, et con- 
 fitemini illi. ^' Hierusalem, civitas sancta, flagellavit te in 
 operibus manuum tuarum. '^ Confitere Domino in bono, et 
 
Ixxxviii BOOK OF TOBIT. CH. XIII. 13. 
 
 benedic Domino saeculorum, ut iterum tabernaculum tuum 
 aedificetur in te cum gaudio, et laetos faciat in te omnes cap- 
 tives, et diligat omnes miseros in omnia saecula saeculorum. 
 ^' Luce splendida fulgebunt, in omnibus finibus terrae. ■'* Nati- 
 ones multae venient tibi ex longinquo, habitare a novissimis 
 partibus terrae ad nomen Dei mei ; et munera sua in manibus 
 habentes, regi coeli et terrae in laetitia offerentes. ^^ Et nomen 
 magnum erit in saecula saeculorum. ^^Maledicti omnes qui 
 spernunt te, et omnes qui blasphemant te : maledicti erunt 
 omnes qui odiunt te, et omnes qui dixerint verbum durum, et 
 omnes qui deponunt te et destruunt muros tuos, et omnes qui 
 subvertunt turres tuas, et omnes qui incendunt habitationes 
 tuas : et benedicti erunt omnes qui aedificant te, in aevum. 
 ^^Tunc gaude et laetai'e in filiis justorum, quoniam omnes 
 colligentur, et benedicent Domino aeterno. ■" Felices qui dili- 
 gunt te, et qui gaudent in pace tua. Beati omnes homines qui 
 contristabuntur in omnibus flagellis tuis, quoniam in te gaude- 
 bunt, et videbunt omne gaudium tuum in aeternum. '' Anima 
 mea, benedic Domino regi magno, quia liberavit Hierusalem, et 
 aedificabit iterum domus illius in omnia saecula saeculorum. 
 ^^ Felix ero si fuerint reliquiae de semine meo ad videndam 
 claritatem tuam, et confitendum nomini regis coeli. "^ Ostia 
 Hierusalem sapphiro et zmaragdo aedificabuntur : ex lapide 
 pretioso omnes muri tui, et turres Hierusalem auro aedifica- 
 buntur, et propugnacula ejus auro mundo. "^ Et plateae' Hieru- 
 salem carbunculo lapide sternentur: et ostia illius canticum 
 laetitiae dicent, et omnes vici ejus loquentur. "' Benedictus 
 Dominus, qui exaltat te, et benedictus in omnia saecula saecu- 
 lorum : quoniam in te benedicet nomen sanctum suum in 
 aeternum. 
 
 Caput IV. 
 
 ^ Et ut consummati sunt sermones confessionis Thobi, ^ mov- 
 tuus est in pace, annorum centum duodecim, et sepultus est 
 praeclare in Ninive. ' Quinquaginta autem et octo annorum 
 erat, cum oculis <;aptus est ; et quinquaginta quatuor annis, 
 
CH. XIV. 12. ITALA. Ixxxix 
 
 postquam lucem recepit, visit, in omnibus faciens eleemosynas. 
 * Et propoBuit magis Deum oolere, et confiteri magnitudinem 
 ejus. ' Et cum morirefcur Tliobis, accersiit Thobiam filium suum, 
 et septem filios ejus, et praecepit illis, dicens : " Fili, dilige filios 
 tuos, et recurre in regionem Medorum : quoniam credo ego 
 verbo Dei, quod locutus est in Niniven ; quia omnia erunt, et 
 veniet adhuc super Assur et Niniven, quae locuti sunt prophetae 
 Israel, quos misit Dominus. Omnia evenient, nihilque minuetur 
 ex omnibus verbis : sed omnia contingent temporibus suis, et 
 in Media erit salus, magis quam in Assyriis, et quam in Baby- 
 lone: quia scio ego et credo quoniam omnia quae dixit Dominus, 
 erunt, et perficientur; et non excedet verbum de sermonibus 
 Dei. Et fratres nostri, qui habitant in terra Israel, omnes 
 dispergentur, et ex illis captivi ducentur ad terram optimam. 
 ' Et erit omnis terra Israel deserta, et domus Dei, quae in ilia 
 est, inoendetur ; et erit deserta usque in tempus. Et iterum 
 miserebitur illorum Deus in terra Israel, et iterum aedificabuilt 
 domum, sed non ut prius ; quoadusque repleatur tempus male- 
 dictionum. Et postea revertentur a captivitate sua, et omnes 
 aedificabunt Hierusalem honorifioe, et domus Dei aedificabitur 
 in ea, et in omnia saecula saeculorum aedificabitur, sicut loouti 
 sunt de ilia omnes prophetae Israel. Et tunc omnes nationes 
 terrae convertentur ad timendum Deum vere, ' et relinquent 
 omnia idola sua, quae seducunt illos falso errore : et omnes 
 benedicent Dominum in aeternum, et in justitia. Et omnes 
 filii Israel, qui liberabuntur in diebus illis, memores erunt Dei 
 in veritate : et coUigentur, et venient in Hierusalem, et habita- 
 bunt in aeternum. In die ilia, cum diligentia et omnis justitia 
 in illis erit, 'et gaudebunt qui diligunt Deum varum: qui 
 autem faciunt iniquitatem et peccatum, deficient de terris 
 omnibus. " Et nunc, filii, vobis mando : Servite Domino in 
 veritate, et facite coram illo quod ipsi placet : " et filiis vestris 
 mandate, ut faciant justitias et eleemosynas, et sint memores, et 
 benedicant nomini ipsius in omni tempore, in veritate, in toto 
 corde suo, et in tota virtute sua. ^^ Nunc vero, fili, exi a Ninive, 
 
XC BOOK OF TOBIT. CH. XIV. I3-I7- 
 
 et noli manere hie : sed quacunque die sepelieris matrem tuam 
 circa me, eodem die noli manere in finibus ejus : ^^ video enim 
 quia multa iniquitas est in ilia, et fictio multa perficitur, et non 
 confunduntur. Ecce filius Nabad, quid fecit Achicaro qui 
 eum nutrivit, quem vivum deduxit in terram deorsum 1 sed 
 reddidit Deus malitiam illius ante faciem ipsius : et Aohicar 
 exiit ad lucem, Nabad autem intravit in tenebras aeternas, quia 
 quaesivit Nabad Achicarum occidere. ^* Et abiit Thobias, post- 
 quam sepelivit parentes suos, et uxor ejus et filii in regionem 
 Medorum, et habitavit in civitate Ecbathana, cum Raguhele 
 socero suo : ^° et curam habebat senectutis eorum honorifice : et 
 sepelivit illos Ecbathanis in regione Media : et baereditatem 
 percepit domus Kagubel et Tbobis patris sui. ^^Et mortuus 
 est annorum centum decern et septem cum claritate. ■'■' Et 
 antequam moriretur audivit perditionem Ninives; et vidit 
 captivitatem illius adductam in civitatem Medorum, quam 
 adduxit Achicar rex Medorum: et benedixit Dominum in 
 omnibus quae fecit in filiis Ninive et Assiir, et gavisus est 
 antequam moriretur in terra Ninive. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 A. BEL AND THE DRAGON. 
 
 The Midrash Eabbah de Kabbah on the verse ' And they cast 
 him into the pit' (Gen. xxxvii. 24), in the section beginning 'And 
 Jacob dwelt' (Gen. xxxvii. i), says: ' I called upon thy name, 
 Lord, out of the low dungeon' (Lam. iii. 55). This is Daniel 
 who prayed before the Holy One (blessed is he) out of the pit, and 
 the Holy One (blessed is he) heard the voice of his prayer, and 
 delivered him from the lions. This is what is written, ' Thou 
 hast heard my voice,' etc., ' thou drewest near in the day that 
 I called upon thee,' etc. (Lam. iii. 56, 57). And so he says, 
 ' My God hath sent his angel, and hath shut the lions' mouths, 
 that they have not hurt me, forasmuch as before him innocency 
 was found in me' (Dan. vi. 23). And it was not sufficient that 
 he delivered him, but he avenged him on his enemies. This is 
 what is written, ' O Lord, thou hast pleaded the causes of my 
 soul, thou hast redeemed my life' (Lam. iii. 58). And so he 
 says, ' And the king commanded, and they brought those men 
 which had accused Daniel, and they cast them into the den of 
 lions, them, their children, and their wives ; and the lions had 
 the mastery of them, and brake all their bones in pieces or ever 
 they came at the bottom of the den' (Dan. vi. 25). Behold, we 
 find from Scripture that Daniel was delivered from the pit, and 
 our Eabbis say that we have a tradition that Daniel was deli- 
 vered a second time from the lions' pit in the days of Cyrus the 
 Persian, because he would not believe in idol-worship. They say'. 
 Therefore ' it is said, ' They have cut off my life in the pit, and 
 
 ' For the translation of the Syriac text, see the Preface, p. idv, note i. 
 ' Page 43 of the text. 
 
XCll EXTRACT FROM THE B EBSHITH RABBAH. 
 
 cast a stone upon me. "Waters flowed over mine head ; then I said, 
 I am cut off. I called upon thy name, O Lord, out of the low- 
 pit' (Lam. iii. 53-55). "We find that Daniel was twice cast into 
 the pit, once in the days of Darius the Mede, and another time 
 in the days of Cyrus the Persian, his father-in-law. Now on the 
 first occasion he remained only one night in the pit, and was 
 delivered; but on the second he remained in it seven days, and 
 was delivered. This second history is not written in the sacred 
 books. It would seem that, inasmuch as the righteous nian is 
 used to this miracle, it is sufiicient to mention it once. 
 
 These ^ two histories, that is, the history of Bel, the image of 
 the Chaldeans, and the story of the Dragon, are included by the 
 Christians in the twenty-four books of the Prophets, together 
 with three other books. The translator says that he has not 
 found them in the sacred tongue. 
 
 B. EXTRACT FROM THE B'RBSHITH RABBAH, § 68. 
 
 Another explanation. ' And behold the angels of God.' 
 This is Daniel. ' Ascending and descending on it.' For he went 
 up and brought forth from inside its mouth what it had swal- 
 lowed. This is what the Scripture says : ' And I will punish 
 Bel in Babylon, and I will bring forth out of his mouth that 
 which he hath swallowed up' (Jer. li. 44). For Nebuchadnezzar 
 had a dragon, which used to swallow up everything which they 
 cast before it. Nebuchadnezzar said to Daniel, How great is its 
 power, for it swallows up everything which they cast before it. 
 Daniel said to him, Give me permission and I will weaken it. 
 So he gave him permission. What did he do ? He took straw, 
 and hid nails in the midst thereof; then he cast it before it, and 
 the nails pierced its intestines. This is what the Scripture 
 says: 'And I will bring forth out of his mouth that which he 
 hath swallowed up.' 
 
 ' An addition by the copyist of the MS. 
 
43 EXTKACT FEOM THE b'eESHITH EABBAH. 
 
 ''tJ'NT bv CD 1BV U \2H 11''1 "H nUl IDDS "I0N3 13^ 
 
 ijis»{}> NS03 :nvnnn nn» 'i^ notr TiN-ip TiirH '•moN 
 •■Din nnxi ii»n tyim ''»''a ins mas' bK''3i l^trin D^oys 
 ^yji nns ni'''i' aba u loj? k^ nsurxnai wnn ''Dian B'lia 
 5 anoj ab '•Jti'n nifyDn nn bs''3'i cd'' nvae* n ids? ■T'Jti'ai 
 -\2tnb VT nr oaa iDii^a p''^)in n'ntJ' 'si' 'a nsnj K'lpn nsoa 
 
 :nnN nys 
 
 lo Dni'E' pifiyon n»Ki nnns onao nB'i'B' 
 
 B. EXTRACT FROM THE B'RESHITH RABBAH, 
 § 68. 
 
 n''i'iV ^^'•31 fit DM^'N ''3n5'» njni .vfjj; 2SJ 'n nam inN nm 
 i53 by ''mpai i"nn va Tina lyisa nx nvwi ni'^B' u omvi 
 rrini nsananji' inx pan tb n''nc» vao lyb nx ■'nssini baa 
 
 niE'1 •'b in ^N''3T 113 n»N i'':ab paii'K'DB' hd b yijutj* bm ima 
 oniDDD laini* piseini pn i'tsj nE'y no mtj'T -b jdj wno ''jni 
 ns inxsin 3''n3T Nin Nin vsjd 132 dn nnDDD np3i VJai' yb^n 
 
 n''aD lyij'-a 
 
BEL AND THE DEAGON. 42 
 
 xaijD 3j pn''Ni pa'-i'Dp nniDiji ^op Nrini)! nan ^ui) asbvb 
 Ntn .ininlji lis pi^^Dp i6 ■'NI i'x'iji^ ji) q^b^k ik .t-^ pioN 
 pn^j nvrii'B'N n''Nxi'Ni rr'b I'l'sriNi Ninjs pnb iib lopT nsIjo 
 nini NnximNi sain ^luuj ^itni* i'NiJii' pjnii prni ijNijnb 5 
 pnpjatj>ini nd^'dt snpTvi MJiDnni Njnxa ■'uiani pDr xnts-N ion 
 n^n NiirT'Ki ''i3ib''3i NnsiinN praa'-jT 7^ pDV nhc'in [on mm 
 inni NDV3 p-ij3 pnn pnis nii iUiTii nvau' NriNiins vn Niin 
 IS pi'3''JT miD pni? un^ Nij NnsoT' ]'^ir^2'\ piai (pian) 
 N^iitya ^^tra mnu ns'iaj pipnn niid^ni .i'S''Jii' luiijawi praa'-jT 10 
 nii) 1DN1 .nnxnij N^pnis ^nwT ^wi nin idini smya ina nai 
 ain iD-n ^jniji!? h^jj? . n Nin snbvD i^niN ^jt '"t n^^aba 
 NJ3JT' s<i' N2i3i)i bn '<b N'rn Nis ID pipan idn .baa nhnv-in 
 n^tfrn NnvD3 ni^pci pipnm nitrn ^y n^iN tUN^Ja iik'ni .ni^s 
 pipan Nipi NB'nipi ^nm sriw saw p b'lvb bnJ? niDNOi 15 
 nox arhn lb Tit:>T sin NniT'E' bw Dip ^^ijt ^niji i»ni 
 npaE> ab^ niVT') 'j^d ii»m pals' ab) ^rhn pannx Ij^iji 
 nia pipani) sasi'D niS'tJ*! i'SNi i'NiJi Dpi li) ponm pi!iiN!5 
 W^D NriNi .pT Clip |D iini T^n niisptrT N-inxa niovxi Nnvtra 
 mis NHNi iil^y nii) niNnai ^dd ^n^ji i'jj laa^D^ nvat^i NDvi" 20 
 an iDNi NDi N^jp anil aifii ia isNiJi!? nutni saiaa piixi sau 
 JiNijm ^luan ijivai)! Nau p bi(<:-^b niposi i>Nijn nini^s Nin 
 Nnytj'a nai Nam pyx ntJ'N ni^Dpioi) pyai iisnip i^nt pjin 
 ;i'NiJT mpi NaiiDT iiDip NnNiinx prx ihx 
 
 ^ Pig. iniimx lijtNl; Pugio Pidei (?1ij10ND) liJIDNa ^TNI. 
 ^ Pugio Pidei vaaT ''i'Vai'l. 
 
41 BEIi AND THE DEAGON. 
 
 ■■Dnn ppv bii'':'^b soi'o loxi prf? )bm rfov i'N'':ni n-ism 
 tiJpD pnN xjrin nna nm nini nJ?o no po"? ^«'" "'»'< ^'^''^'i 
 SDT N^Jp an^i ^■'3^ D^orT'NT DTiD I'D Nil b'^yni Nrni Niina ^jy 
 i>i^p ab fjiN Ni'3''o inii!' ni^i Sn nx ioni -ini? p t<yin i^y 
 
 5 nDNi xnytj' its nb b\V3 xh ns^dt ^t-^i^ji ira i'S"':T ^^^^ 
 jNDT pjin NnNapv Nyisa NpnriNi n^^o id nin n3^d^ i'N'':T 
 .ii^jtani ''B'311 1-I35T Ny-iN3 Nnxap^j? srrn sai'D idni P'tt'N 
 p)''im pn'-n^i iwK'ji'i nioisb pjix ^laiji wi'o iT'onrr'N pT'n 
 ppsji Nil *p''^v rr-n 'vn Nty^aa pni? Niin-NT mbv^ fo^oi' 
 
 10 xa^o p3''^Dpi Niina Ijv ^''3^ n'i' NiiDiorr'aT dt'D ij^ pbNi 
 ;n'b''n sinoi bn''^ nnini ^t<in^ Nn^.TD nun* ij''nh pnbiai' 
 
 X3^D "IDN1 Mb^'z n''b pnsDT Nil win t»n fiin nihtin 
 ■fjo Nil Nn^JN vbi *i^y iD^m nnae'D ab am by ^ NJisn i5N*3n^ 
 
 \n^N '"!5 N3N NsiiD^ ba^i"] IDN .X^H Nil NH^NT JjIDD n'-i' 
 
 15 N3N1 NJD^w •'•hv ''b 3n N3^D riNi N'-'-n Nn^x urn ijitaD njt'Jd 
 
 nNT- N3i'(3 IDNI NIDin N^l Nfi"D N^T N3n NJ'':ni' n''i> iiib'<^p 
 
 pn:D inyi Nin ^N \)i'<b^y\ Nsnni nijjdi Nns't ^nijt 3dji .^^ 
 Nn ijNijn 1DN1 n''Di vnnNi Nrini n'-oiai pj'-N hc^ni n'-aoN 
 "'JD pni? CN^nx 'N^n ivkje' 13t mm .•'N^'aa p2nbnr\ irn 
 
 1 Pig. mnxi. ' Pig. inxi. » Pig. in. * Pig. ]-'bv. 
 
 " Pig. NB>n. ' See Pugio Pidei, p. 742. 
 
BEL AND THE DRAGON. 40 
 
 NJN N^N xin Ntr^N '■m NIT'S i3iyn ^dd nd''^5^i N-ans^i 
 b bv s'-iD iirT'Ni N5J1N1 N'-oB' navT sin s^n Nn^JN^ w^^ni 
 Nin ^n ^ui i!j '■tniT'D ab bi<'<:']b Na^JD idni ,n:t'3d n^b "ik*! 5 
 Nai'Di' -IDN1 nnj ^NiJi i''T'n dv b Titri i5''3s Nm n'tn Ni? in 
 DTD1 NK'njT laij pi "T- WQT nij [D Nam* icha "vcsti n^ 
 ''n»ui> Nipi Nai^D nionrr'N p^n /na'iN n^i bx n^ ^lov jo 
 n^ia Nin Nnpsj Jj^aN indi i^j tnoTi ,n^ '■n iini5 noNi b''2i 
 -IDN .^ia ^y finJT ^nijt ni!D''3 ii^as i'''ai 1^5 t"iinn pNi pnion 10 
 p -iDD pvaB' ij^n ''ncia nii ['''■im Nai>D nn^iD is ■•ino ^n'':t 
 Nnaia piDsi Sn nTiuij bm'^^) Nin Na^D nhni .pnijai pnit^J 
 JitDi ijul? NnijiaD tD''K' Na^JD ''nni "a^ [i? [rpaa pn nh Nai'»i' 
 xi) pN Nisxa NDi Qiipi inpfw cnni synn iinNi cdi snion 
 Nin pNi pN niD'j ^u twx ^3»<i NriNb^D pni'iai' p^N nacn 15 
 '•^•'am 5iDD lw^^1 .pr^v inn 'vn ijN'iJT nij:''3 ^•'i prN !?aNn 
 Nil I'bv nui Nnina ninn NE'^Da nj^vd pni) nii injn nii 
 ,nn''''T dT-D ]''bpm'b''2b nij; Nii»iDnDi diid ija pbxi psj^i 
 snins N^JDi Nnsb^D xa^D in''''N i'''at nnDia ipsj [pi] na 
 i'N''3i noNi psji pmNi'iy in hijnd n-ioh n^di b''2 aip ddi 20 
 rrihaa a^bai iiDip N^'mv^ rr"^ anyi NDD'ip •<b prr-'x nii ■'i'Dij 
 n'lnprw sa^o rriDnm Njrin inNi psji saijo Ntni i'''an htiu 
 pn'-B'oi pjin Nil piNj?)ai in N''b''i'a li^TN noiai i'N''jT nprwi 
 Na^D nnpi .nidh itik'ni i'^ai? NiiDonon dt-d b lijaNi pnijai 
 
 1 Pig. in N3''!3n uij p iJ ^<^^• ^ So. Pig. n''N. ^ Pig. in. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 A. BEL AND THE DEAGON. 
 
 mix lyb^'') piDsa apv'' ik'''1 ntJ'is nam nm ti'mo 
 ■"jsij i'i'anJB' ^NiiT nt ni^nnn ina '« nara ''nN^p :mnn 
 'i'lp inn ninxn p i^''sni in^an ^ip nipn jiats'i ^nn jd iiapn 
 ijDi n''3Ni'D n^E> ''nbn in Nin pi ia isips ova nanp iJ nyDK* 
 
 5 t6) .•<b nnanBin ur sniaip n bp b '•Jibn tS) Nminx ma 
 Nin pi i''n nbm ''^sa un '" inii iu^'Ind lopJtJ' n^jn i^isnB> ''T 
 i^Nin n \niviip i^3N n ti^jn xnnu vn^m Naijo n»t<i din 
 ny N113 niyiNij ibd nIji [in''tJ'Ji p^n jirx ion xniinN auh 
 i'N''Ji i'S''JB' irsD nn .ipiin piTima ^jai Nniinx jini ^'a''b^ n 
 
 10 mns ■D5?aB> unu t?in miOD iibn uTimi Nipcn jd lun p 
 myai fi;3 laaE' Ijj? 'o-ian tyia ■'Ci niiiN nu» ba'^:'! i'Vj 
 
 :noN 
 nviia^D nsDia B>nu Supi ninnnx ^s) fiDsnN ^dij"'Ddx kJpki 
 nnc'Di M^D ny nii lajii n^^idt cis) n'-npix Niin''N i's-'iii 
 
 15 iju n''a{j>i iii'33^ nn Ninna NiiniNi n3^di iiDm^pn^ia p nii 
 nam pmx iB'jf nn niidd dv i>2 tsnpaa ■'il'y nii ppaoi 
 n''^ Nil i>itNi n''i' Nil i5''m ND^D mm jnno n''E' Nnnni i''vmN 
 
 1 Marg. i-|»n B'lm Nin. 
 
ADDITION TO THE MIDEASH THANHUMA. 38 
 
 "Ill's 1nt^•^? nx noK'i nnx nity wii' n^T' ipj -\ti b:ib vhy nnji^ n^i 
 minn nts'jjn wsi nx npn cini .hdn imini n»N ni"pni npij 
 "lisij iiiijn pT '''li' '^m Nin isIj dni ^did nn ^apn as "ino^a 
 .n^ani |nnn ire n2(E> n^^b .li? ^^^1 ^s^D2 n"3n nw iid n3"pn 
 E'iNn iDp nb'-i'iT ''snij yjncai cnina can noNi nijan nNi 5 
 WDB^ 'iDptJ'a .nntj'n iirsy ni55J''tJ> mip Q:nn^ lap panij ntrxni 
 INT inn niNii> Tini> idj33 in'' QinDtJ'i ppnt^D nbni jnnn 
 nsu ni"pnB' inn .m'? iiini ijnpi) imn ivmm inaiyi 
 
 na Q'-ntiun 
 
37 ADDITION TO THE MIDKASH THANHUMi. 
 
 cam m: -iini nnx ■'3 nann ann fioa li^ ins ^m njxtfn 
 HNi nrn nmn ^y njfntJ'j -aa 1^5 idn .na pnon i't? '•nvvai 
 nj?02>B>3 anmn ns ni? "ibdi innij sni 1^ nvinai imn T'C'vn 
 D''»i''iyn im hidni cii-id^ n''j''j? nnirii ntysj naa npvsi nnaa nxt 
 
 5 Nipi nriE'D ilB>vi ntj^np ntry no .''i'j) "ha b ihiD'' iJKi '•a HT" 'nn 
 in'i'S Nini ins }pr 1^ [diwi naina innn 2^) r6':i nwi "T'Sin 'jprb 
 .insjtD on ijNi n:i3j nsy isy'N 'ia 1^ nDsi waij ira isnpi ^'r 
 yvi tini Biynpi QininB* anaa cia^ ''iy ybv xa* niyDi5 airnB'a 
 lat^iDD Qipn inN-intya ch)vn ^aa imna I'sc ''jy nnoDD un: lya' 
 
 10 but imaai ina ^aa -i^ish t^Dtyi inpafni inis'-aNni i^sx ina'trini 
 i?n .ia-n^ li's i:xi n)b^b nsKTii i^ Tiian ib^s bo lai i>sn 
 iniN xa b2i6 )bTinmi^2 nriB'on i>y ub'' impab fnnn xai tpt'i 1^ 
 .|ptn ii> iDxtJ* no b 1^ HB'yi inipDO loy innn inxitrai ''jy 
 ■"JN '•3a 1^ nDX -nni? isun jnni' xip ''iyn inis nnK>Dn nnsi) 
 
 15 tor ^b \r\ •'JIN li? 1DK •lE'Dj nx nnpi' nan Tixai nipo i'B' im^E' 
 DiB'i'B' >b in p ax li? i»x .ne'yx n!) ^'n n^B' "isn ix nnx naa' 
 ia inx av iVax i^ tnx xi? lij nox nntron ''D^ nyaB> ix av 
 nwi npxi n^xB* iy ''i> tnon idd riB'paa 1^5 nox .nny yjn naa 
 x^^1 ■nni' iSi mno xai i?) y:^ xb'x ntn -\2ib "b idx ■'na'XD 
 
 20 n''!5x mnan xip mnn nnai m^pb rbbstno) naiai ht'H'' naB'i'' 
 miDx .lij npB'51 ia npnnn mna nbm inx-ian 1^ ninai' nxai 
 n-na na^ij '•ny xa ia idd nis'i biE!''!' ni" nox nxa nDi> 'nx ii> 
 x^ 1^ niDx .''B'QJ nx B'pab xaB* ''b T'jni xa ^x^D^ 'a pxn ba 
 mix nxvDi naijn loy maixi li) ^i'x '':xi nan aB'n x^x i^n 
 
 25 mDx ,in n^J n»x ie'''x E'si u^paij nxaB' i^bvin nnx li? niox 
 xasa xs* ab nB'in he'x b'''x np'' 13 mina aina nny niDi ab ^b 
 
III. ADDITION TO THE MIDEASH 
 THANHUMl, § ^Tmr^. 
 
 •ivy iiK»''N "i!ii2n DiNO V2in3^ isw n2"pn irj? twsa imns'' 
 "iNn ns'' nnx nn i^ nrrini i>3ipoi hij ■V'tyy ins cnsa ncyoi 
 'aWNT rh''b b22^ taiN lia hb'^b'!' Qioys ntriit? nt<B>3i nTiDni *tnd 
 nia '<:2 iij? iniDi xi) max .no n^jva d^nsid mnn^ rf^awi b^ 
 CD'' niE'i .nmii nip»n nxT -it^'x ly muyi moba aK'x ''i'y s 
 mB'y 1^ vni mnx njnDi ind '':y m nityy iniNi' ^^^1 d^m 
 nyn p D''xy ''i'un t''N''3» i'nan mi Nin civi ov bai en 
 N^j nns nys vm intJ'si Nin d^DJisno vn nt»i tnis inaiai 
 -inD^ .Di''n iniN lbs nSji .ani) T\t:pb niyo Dni> hti nSji nao 
 D^jy iiy niyDT pn- 'jiy uiit asn nn finyriJi nya la^n Dnij ^^^ lo 
 ibm iDNOi VHND nwn iiDJi ub pn imn diid!' V3''y rbn^ 
 1nE'^? 0J1 vijy nn nhna nnDtr noty inuij MtJ'ai nn nrnni' 
 Pliob d''D' nyDK' i»y 2^ '^nn i^yi ijdx bv^ vas ^y ii'_ i^JNtii inni 
 ^DD ^NW 'JN nnx nijKK' 1^ idn nni) ninan n3 d''0'' nyac 
 pi '^ nv2^n ^b i»x nsiriB' no ija -iidn nn 1^ idn .■>iyvn ba 15 
 .nB'Ni' inn ^b innt^ hdd i'NiE> 13N nB*}* n^xcn nNt ion .ntJ'y 
 -\m .nmD la •'nuiya '•a ba '-n isx 1^ -ion naa B'^sn yotJ'B'a 
 ^JN n''i)y fsip nns ^jio» voy by nx "b ion .na njo bv ib 
 
35 HEBKEW TRANSLATION. CH. XIII. 
 
 n*D3 n nt33 ie'k b^ avi ''ni^N nyi ''3N qjji •'dv ntj'y iti'K " 
 Vti>in i''»''3 loxJis' I'NiB''' ijs ''J''5)V tiNnx p^^^i ^NUn nt<''33 
 
 5 ; t»N1 PN Oi'ivi' *'' Till .* D3i'' iiN-ity 
 
 > Not in M. and Pr. ^ Only in n. 
 
 C 2 
 
CH. XIII. BOOK OF TOBIT. 34 
 
 jnai] lojj TiiTi 13N QTian nx naip rr'in -iej'n nwi inan kd3 
 [IDV Ti'iM ''3X non nx niipij nai'ni -[irb^ ns narytr niynt^ 
 'jnljtj* ims nyai tni'' pnv ^^ '-a T^'^y niniw 'Q'-n^xn ijnai* 
 ID inx ix^jcn ^xai (xw) 13x1 ^nb n-iB* nxi ^n1^? aerh '•1 
 anain b ns DvotJ'a ''iT'I .inan xd3 •'isi? D^me'Dn ontj^n 5 
 Dai' Qii'a' biiSi-\ [anh] n»xii DrTija !?» i^js^i ikd iNn^i n^isn 
 D3Dy HTO "iB>N ni5Kn niN-iijni nihan bv '•'• nx una ixiti l^x 
 ncn^ p ''3 nnwi iiais >niN ciniNi ciaDy ''n"'^^ icx ba 'jni 
 Qiniin ij3 nx bai" inna nnjji '•nTiB' nb) Tibx xb '•jni na^j'-va 
 'naim w^n ic isa wniix pai t:a''j''a lyi) rfni "isoa rbi<n 10 
 nnyi wip natij mini « nx lanai nni in ijaa *ij?i nixij* ntn 
 " nx lanaii ininijiyi Dai^ix "^inbt^ ib'x a^^iJxn iix i^jxi '■JinStJ'- 
 iixi ''31D ^x nxnni? pid'' ab) HDiDtyn i'' ^xi'D bv'i rixt b ijjj 
 
 nn niaiD 
 
 uiD "iDX'ii nnoK'a.ni'xn onann Isa nx nniD ana xTin nya 15' 
 j'niD xini viayi iny^ vx^js ^ niB'vi' x^^aon ijnjn d''ni'xn '•'' Tina 
 cwn pa wnix nra itj'x bv^) i'lxti' iniDi n*™:! itiddi xani 
 ■■ja Qnxi CDifn pa n^jxn nixisajn iia nx jjiTmij ux pasin 
 aani'ivai' "laB* tr'' ia a^y laT' xh daaai) yan'') iprn i'xntj>i 
 ija ntrx " D^{^'l3 ^^i'x '•a daDmij nn^[i aajani' naw] xini 20 
 n^Jiyn \b2] tiaT ''Jai' njnni n^jan npiv lann ija onxi "li? lain* 
 ina[i] .niDD i'lxn npn^i loxiB' mran nx pnn nbsn) npi^s 'a 
 
 1 M. and n. 11 -jnix nD3i. " P. xin. ' P. lain nM'i. 
 * P. nixljl 'ivb. ^ Only in n. « M. and P. Cl''Din; n. ia. 
 
33 HEBREW TRANSLATION. CH. XII. 
 
 lom ''Djj riK'jj n{J>N Qinsa nsaiji njj ■'ly^ idb' Tnai x^n Ti-a 
 T1UD1 Nin 11-13(1) rr-noi niDDi xaiii j'niD Kin •-a nrn hnan 
 •■aiD NVi ,^nii'E>3i di^B'3 u'l^K n3''B>n ncNi* T31T ni^vn IK'S 
 nnoK' HDy )m&^) Qni'3 (^siyn n3) me* r\ii-\pb intJ'x nam 
 5 2 131D ''j'-y* 1K313 's Q'lyoiB'ni n''snn bs ''J15J3 ikd x!'s''1 n^iiJ 
 -iK-K ^ in3i ''n3 ''''i> nx n3i-i3 nnN''i in^a ma' ns ''31D nn3ii 
 -iE>s nnin''(n) bi on ni^nj nnoti' inDE*'! nnDB'3 iri's iN''3n 
 wnii U3 Dvi uiD oy " nti'v ne's nrn ijinin lonn ^y mm 
 
 !nnp''i nm nuno '^3112^ 
 
 10 1131^ 1^ [DJ lOy l^n -iti'N B>iNn ''33 133 n''31D IjK ''31D nOK'-l 
 
 -i^a fjoan ■'vn [nx] 1^ in3 •'3N nuiu idn''1 vl'y fi''Di3 niyi 
 
 TIB'S ns KSIl DlV.J'3 ''3N''3ni £31^3 ''33ii'in Nin ''3 QB'D TlXSn 
 
 ^y 1^ nn^ ''ixn nioi y:'<v nx nsii ^^135 td fiD3n nx N''Sini 
 np[i x3] ins nnry (1^ ion''i) i'Kan i'X ni3iD *N-ipi .nsr ^a 
 
 15 .'Dii'Si'i' i?\ [Tiae* sin •'3] QiiyD [i]nN3nB' sjosn isn instr 
 (in)i3-i3i ^nn -t^^ '••h i-cb* 133 n''3iD ^ni ''31d ^jn !5NS-i ^D^?'>1 
 n3nni nl^an ii3ai5 i3-ini daoy nw nt^x n3iDn b ^y iDtj* ntiti 
 "01330 niDn nDis nwyij « i3ai' 3iq '■3 n3i''n •'C i'3 npnvi 
 ''b^ D3D nnsN «!> 13N1 niDD ^''xn npis ■'3 3nti fiD3 nnsiN 
 
 20 -jns dnpn) 133^ [D]n33nnni [djni'5'ann ib>n *ny3 •'3 lyn noNn 
 ''33^ a3ni'an ''JT'^yn ''3N 1331^33 ni^? ^y inh:> niE'i nns (wn 
 
 1 P. tyba nnDB'31 di!5B'3 3iB>ni. ^ P. I's'-y nimyK) ■'3113. 
 
 ' P. nUlD ijN. - P. "l»N''l. = P. Dli'K'3. " n. n3JD; Pr. 
 
 n"ii3 ■n3s ts. ' P. ''3. ' n. nytj'. 
 
 c 
 
CH, XI. BOOK or TOBIT. 32 
 
 naa ina mB> iiN nosii ani? pan-ii ani' pB'3''i 11 mira d''Pdw(i) 
 
 D'-n Tin n-IKiIil lOD '•JST'l DlisK^a 13''i'V D''12B'n »ni5K (i'>) ^1:2 5 
 
 b:^ 'nniN nJSJn Ijn Tin '■na mtj' n^m ni»N oitaa '■'' ''ja^ a'^aiD 
 jani'E'^i oni) ptj'''i *D313''1 Dii'tri' lai)! •ya^ 
 
 nti'N ^T-vn ^onpN (^^?) xa'-i i^jii quid aiiDm nian nisi'ai ids? 
 y^tt nx nary T'^' nvT' nnx ''ns [niain] i^NSi ni3N''i niyj naj 10 
 a3J[i] i:''nnt< ^ina^K lirii* nnsi '-jn mpnj nnyi px nsi 
 np iT-aiti iiN ijNsn nDN''i Dn''JB' la^ii ^ytinn hv) cinasjn 
 DN nisn^ nnnn ^SJ naii'i'' lox nam .[nnp'''i] nn mn»(iD) loy 
 mn r\\i>^n '•aita i'K nDsni ini'-am pimo inis [n]Nini nja sa'' 
 TisJT' niaiD ^K !?NST ■i»n''1 idj? n^n iti's B'''N(n)i xa iTiaita •■ja 15 
 1DK njn pni .ndtii i''3''V 'inna'' nstn mnnai *T'a^? my ia 
 -T-js nx ^niNi nnx oyan nniox losni insix ijy ^jsni iriNip^j 
 13 inab i'B'a'i ua nsipS •{?•<) ''aiD npii) .iiy mxiv bv lani 
 marrii vry 555? mnon n^? db'ii vas i)N num pii (nxn n!? 
 iDNii viNiif ijs? ^a''i i:a nx ntii sainii wyD jai^jn i)is''i vj''y 20 
 ■"iiy nx nps [t<in] *3 cmiy npia Nin '°ie>n btr\^'' '<rhii '''' ina 
 
 1 P.nnicin. " P. ''ns. ' Only n. * P. na-iaiji. ^ Pr. qiipn. 
 P. I'yi'. ' M. i^n inK'Ni. ' P. sin. » P. inpa\ " P. '■a. 
 
31 HEBEDW TRANSLATION. ' CH. X. 
 
 'NXN ih\i> "hv ^siyi viE'JB' r\]i)^^n •'jsa m n^b^ b^ia ah 
 ■I3JJ1 DK1 a''»^^ na iisdO) •'Dki ''3ni q''):'' -\m nyaiN ny inuD' 
 ci'^^Dj ■'JB' np''i i'XBi ^Dp'''! /nux E'Si 3''X3x nns m'' iDtn 
 innn»N nx i^ tn^i ^''''^J '"''^^ '^■'^3"' ^'^ 1^'''' 'd'''i3V riymxi* 
 5 ibixsn] inN-ip''i !'nij?-i ni niB' ns np^) '•aiD p nuia ''3 li' in 
 *inan^ xa-ii a'^boin ijy siDin ns i'N''3j ddj)''! ^thid nani'* n3!j 
 3n» iDjj 1311 1^5 pB'j'n 1^ p3n''i }n^tyn isj? 3b»'i'' nisia nx t<s»ii 
 cjf nnDE'3 iT'3nn ne'K bai^ ''nba « Tin3 "idxii in3i3''i nnDti>n 
 :" min3 QipDijji nnsr n''J3 moo n^ in-' wrr\2 'xini na'^n* 
 
 1 
 
 itj'nnn iDsi' iriK^N n:n nx Dm» i3it3i v^j; D''3j?nDi Q'-sni imn^E> 
 w ^32 Di3mn i'N =Nsni cnannb ixani nnDK»3i N3'' ti)b^2 •'3 
 ni^''h 1D''0'' niyoT dn 13 nnixo navD s^i n33 n3^ ax nixnij 
 "i'xiyT ba nmts "niDX''i nsnn ''»i -\^i} nv3iN ion ''■ib'x3 ^iTi* 
 15 i»x''i [TUNiij] onnn nyxi D''D^^ nx ^^antyno ^dxi i3x ''3 '':r\b^ 
 rr'E'jj nt^x b nx y2t<b I'^an^ ^^ni'B'xi i-tdj? iij? n3B' bxiyn 
 iixi5?n |nj tx .ux i^x nsisxi* ''jn^E> inix nnxn iix ni3io idx^i 
 crnicni ■ip3i |xsi ninsB'i D''n3jji "ijidd ■'sm ni3it3i' in3 mtj> nx 
 '■i»x''i D3n3^i anbm i°3nn ^03^^ ibi tionxi }*i3 nJ3i D''i'Dai 
 
 1 M. X3X. ' F.-]b^. = P. Qin3j(l. ■^ p. n>3 l^X. = M. and 
 
 n. inani?. ' M. naini^; n. nnainij. ' M. (n. xin) xinn ^an. 
 
 ' P. nXS1''1. » P. 1t5'X31. " P. X3. " p. continues 1^ IDXil. 
 12 p. d''-iaD». 1= M. and n. njJB'X ''JX1. " M. and n. ^^X1 
 
 ntJ'y ^sm in3 nw nx li) in'''i niiio ijipn i>xi3jn yDtf**! iDxh ^axi?. 
 " P. 3nf. 
 
CH. IX. BOOK OF TOBIT. 30 
 
 wb Dmi ii:n i'' nnsi bii-\m nt^D ni3 aai) -\^n ok ■-a nwr 
 me' ivni ^m'ln3 d'-pdivi n3-ai5 D^n iji^ tni d'i^b'3 nni wnunni 
 bti nsNii nij^i) i^siv-i t3p''i ^Ninn n^ibi ni^s n3ii .ps ittNni 
 ^N tyiNi nij^b I3"i2p3 iinan n» dx idnii ni''-!' nap nsn^ viay 
 iT'i'N noNii iriB'N njiv ^^? ^nivi nip''1 nann 13^ .T-ni n^i jiT' s 
 imap: N^ DN1 in a^n ax nNini mnn ^n ninacn to nnx •'ni'tj' 
 innn bn nnaB>n ns mnsj n^BTii .jji^ xi) b>''ni ipan iin ''qid 
 nDNni) Dni) nani Nxni nnni D)b^2 in* Dni^c didsib' mm ' Nini 
 ii nns Till ijNisn idnii i^nan d^niiKn i^ na laiaii Nin 'n (cinij 
 ii Nin nnx ^a nrn ijnjn nonn uay n^w -ib»n utiuk si^jx 1° 
 n^N ''3E' ay n^B^v ne'K n''nD[n]i n''OD[n] NB'n[n]i ynmln] 
 ba ^Niyi lONii QTivJ nsiiji 'ivi' cpi ^n nriNi ^nm ^sl^an 
 miyo ' pani" is^i mx vt' ab^ ipan mDi napn nx loa * may 
 p onivn isNi .mom i^iDm 'ana diniss 'nnoB' la nnotya naio 
 Nvn t6 maiD i5x n»N'i nnis nwy^ isii qi^ini Qii>Js; xa^i IjNiyn 15 
 isn npni "njuvn Tia ns noB*! ^''n'O'' icy nyaix ij? in^aD 
 npn inB'Ki 'jk "niDxtrai nn»t?a t^k ^js* l^ni "lij ie'k iiao* 
 
 : ^an nx 
 
 nro IDS? np in« nnty li) -laxii "i^xsi ijN niaits sip rs 
 
 1^ tni nn isNiaj ^jn tyi^n ^x xa niji nii'sa '•jb'i nnay nvanx 20 
 
 13X 13 'nam!' "Niaic inis ^np1 sioan na i? tn^i innnox ns 
 
 1 M. Nin. ^ P. d-iKsa. ' P. nnu mji. ' P. nxiian. 
 ^ P. and n. nsTH. ' M. and n. ny nyis. ' p. wan. 
 
 " P. wnDB*. ' P. aitia. '" n. dv. " M. njuy; Pr. ixa tx 
 nnoa. ^^ P. ijidd. >' P. nieai. " P. nNnry. " P. db wu'-b'. 
 
39 HEBREW TRANSLATION. CH. Till. 
 
 naa ''3 VT [''33] nosn i? idin bx inx e>ik^ nnix Tino i? 
 hax nnvi ni^N '\iiy^ did ino n^ai d'-b'js nyatri' nnis Tinj 
 IK'S* 15? nntrx N^Ji bs K^ n''3it3 -i»n''1 .inn n^ni nntyi 
 iTinx nnxi ininx N''n *3 nnix np ^xwt ibnii ncN^ 'i' ^njjnn 
 
 5 C)3ii{j>i'' Q^DK^n Ni^N "'11 ^NnB'''i HE'D ma ntfs^ lij nTina nan 
 mty riK ^NWi np^i . [laii'E'i] non aybv nisii mi'B'3 ntn nb'^n 
 Kun^ incN ™ivi' ionii Ci3"i3''i npt6 n^ait:^ nnis in^i ina 
 ibx''! a^iw nnis nnn^i nninan nx v^y nna^i inx p''^^ i''^»« 
 •■DW* mnn '•a'^an iriK's nns? i'N iJNiyT idkii .in»B'''i inti>''i 
 
 10 TO ni) lONni n»5? lani nna me' ns miv panni noty ^oniK 
 
 DnT'i QiDm cai) jnii ntn n^j^b non pjj nE'V ^snB''' ini'N '''' 
 
 ; ntn orn ly ^ Ti'V i^S'ti' |irn !'''3tJ'3 nnx 
 
 n 
 
 -nn!' lai'ii iDip''i ntaon nxi mnn nx tpni> ib iti'ss in^i 
 ijy dB'''i Jin 3^5 ns npi i>Kai nn nx nuiD lafi mtj'i n^mD 
 
 15 ni3''i[njD» xs'i] nnn nx noB'x bapi mK> ii33 nnn ni3p''i nnnon 
 "nJDii (-nnn p xsii* cm^ imox ixSjan isxani cnsD px nvp ly) 
 Tiinx inK>x niB'i' lox^i noon p nuiD np^i ,Dn''JB' ''nyi nhn 
 bm inom vom ana wdv ne'ict^ Dip»n ysb urunn '?''Si:'\ '<^)p 
 111^ ii xin nnx' i'xnB''' ^n^jx '" nniD idxii •''' ■'is nx n^aita 
 
 2o ityi' ma's mn nx ^b nwi anx nx nx-a nnxi pxii a''DB'3 
 ijiaB*! nxrn ne'xn nx '-nnp^ i6\i> yizb jiit"! ''■bi •''' nnvi iijja 
 
 1 P. naannB'. ^ P. nnix iD''n. ' P. TJsi'. * P. naD^i; 
 Pr. iinoa ui mjin ixrx i»x piui. ^ n. mya. 
 
CH. VII. BOOK OP TOBIT. 28 
 
 r\y^^ riN innini i-toe'n ■'Mih'' }a nxD *jn x-c nnyi cnix jnin 
 .DniM map^ na n^ji nnx p on^ p« 13 n^itJK* tij''3 inns 
 Tix "itj'K T^K niSD niati mis nati '''' ns nii isijon v^x idnii 
 5)11'' '•a iB'n fD NTTi i'NViayBE' nnyi t^k nnstj'DD ncx npriB' 
 ns np nay iina xan ncxai r^^ab nrn niji^in nnix npntj* ''Js s 
 n'bn aw xiji m2''i i^in nnii »niiji nnn*i3DD "iDpni jin 3^ 
 ^' ijK lijnnni i^i'snnvnDDn jd iDip 'n'-i's n3^ '^nsintyai a^wi) 
 i3''n njttD Tiijini iT'i'N Nin wi hdoim iriNia-ii non dsi? nis^E> 
 IT' byi ub)vn xmjB' Diip .T'ini nti h^j o siin i^Ni qi-ot 
 
 :ityn T'D •'■' nj3J''t5'v 10 
 
 t 
 
 mtj' can mtrpj waji niiNn crnmn ^3 rriniD y'iDB'3 in''i 
 i!? ii'NK'^1 inn ^w b^a iniN isvd''1 i'xivn nna D''jn3jN3 in3''1 
 iNi^i ni3n ^x ni^K'3 ixn nn^ idn'-i] .di^e' anb 2^^ oii'E'i' 
 niDii5 ninan nt noil n»3 inBiK mi]) I'N i'Ni5)i i»n''1 [mrian 
 nutyn i» n^^JN wj)''i ''nx nnx pnd mis? oni) {jncjtii ■'Hn ■'Iid 15 
 nDX''i wnx niD nx DnyiM an^ nttsni '<bnsii nuoD nwai icn 
 D3''nx ''310 n''3iD -\iom Dii'E> i-iot<''i )b ti)b^n onb lONm lijiT 
 n3'i 1^ pK-yi li' p3n''i inxnpi' b»)]n p''i .xin '-ax nmox nB>x 
 nnx -iB'''i p''iv ^a p '■3 •''■i' '■n nnx iiis ^jxiyi nDN''i 105? 
 b-'n DnB>''i in3 mu'i in^'x mivt bam idv nwai) iiy is'-dvi 20 
 IK^tDn ijx n''3iD nDX''i .inE'''i ii'3x''i [n»E> sb] niiyo ws'-i inx 
 V»E^ 15^x3 M''i ntrxi' ''^ njjn''i ini n-\^ "i3i b i'xisi oy im 
 nnix inn 3113 13 [''n] ''nvi'' n''3iD ^x -i»x''i nrn imn bam 
 
 ' Pr. |X xnOXJ T't. ^ M. and n. nsmK" 1{}'X31. ' n. omits. 
 
27 HEBREW TRANSLATIOK. CH. VI. 
 
 •'''1 iniK nj''K-in t-jvi wii's N3'' •mi'B'31 niji Qi^trn '■a TiinK 
 maai?* siDini aii'tJ'3 me'ii 13->T nii's''i idjj «t<i'» n^^''' "'"•"' 
 
 1 
 
 5 ins Ji nwria nv'i .v^n pn-b ijnjn if^ nuio nn^i db' iri"i 
 ^cisn iN^on 1^ {■\m'<)) pjJS^i ijfjn 'nni' ^nx '^^•'1 bnm p 
 jjnp njjjn ba isijcn idn^i 3in ns ny:n tranii inn''3n i'si nn 
 •'2 py aniK D-in 'men nsi* n^sn [nx] npi Tina nn ns 
 .n''3n ini:ni "^dni b\:^2 nn nxi.iyin p B-yi nii^sr\b on quid 
 
 10 HE'yn nNian no ins nnty is^en ba nnin noNii no ly lai^i 
 ens lis^ i:dd niDpnij i'lyi'' nijn visN ion^i ^^moni nn aijo 
 nicei' ^lyin "nicni i:d» iDiri onts' nn in nyn nn u tJ^t:' 
 isN labon -lONii i'D'':n33Ni5 ixa^l .Na-iii \yb nn2 e'^b' '^nijiyn na 
 •\b E'l m^ni rai jpr b'''n Nin la t''^^ ^''''5'^ "'^^ ''"'' '"'''^'"^ 
 
 15 NNT) muh i? niJiT'B' viiN «nnt<^ mtr noB'i "nxno ns'' 
 3w: iB'sai muyi imi 'jyoE^ nnyi nnnx nUNi i'SE' naiD 
 T^a ns E^Nn mDi n^) ^a TiyT lisi nainn ncya e^'jni )d 
 i'N nniN Ti^Ji ncD mina "n^NB-ni nt B"Ni' nniN tiT' td\ 
 nyae'i' "n^na laae' ins inyoB* 7N^on ^jn nmta nDN^i .tidk 
 Kin nnE'n n^D_ iioK'Nti' inyDcyi nil's '* iNnitr cnD iriDi cb'jn 
 
 20 
 
 1 M. m^B'31. ^ p. transposes. ^ n. IN^il. * P. \r\Vn. 
 
 ^ M. ^2x55. ' n. omits. ^ M. omits. * P. HN np. 
 
 ' n. mnnn ; M. mnom. " M. and n. baxiv " M. and n. 
 
 ninonv " M. Dnxn 'jiy. '' M. D'':n3JN3. " P. nsin. 
 
 >^ n. mmsi. " Only in P. " P. m^i. '^ P. INDE'. 
 
CH. V. BOOK OF TOBIT. 36 
 
 ijainn] no ba r):h'? f^p^a in nuin inx iiid i^ idkii (" idn'') 
 IN^'Dii noN'i nnaty ns |nN lisi loy na^i? i^^inn [no i^x noi?^ 
 Dnnni inaiin Qiisujn bi n^j n^aTin (nx) jjti'' ''Jni bix p 
 n^V nr in»i nns D3e> npNDi nns ciipD h^nd uid naxii •'njn'' 5 
 IJisnj nn D5? i?'^ 'T'3B' ^iJ tyii* tfpnn iiy nsijon -idkii nnx 
 nnx nnaB'D i» inoi lotj; nx m^b '<itA k'P3d inx laiD nioNii 
 .'T^NO iJilM ri'Di^B' nuD ^wjn p nntj? 13^ nx^jon ■iidn''1 
 trp^D laxc ijy i^j? Diwn ^jn inx * nnj?i ti^b^b) n^ini' ^aiD losii 
 mpii naiD nnatJ'jDD ^nx nnx n:ni ^nnnstfOD ^ninx im njfii' " 
 
 N^JI DB' iDJJ QiinnB'DI btf\^ pK3 Mn3B'3 ci'B'llii' ^DV 'Qia^inn 
 
 ciii>B>^ 1^5 '"'nN nnyi irns ivn ntj'Na ' y^an noj * ^n^JN nnx n^x lyn 
 DV ^533 nr TiiB' nx fnx ^jxi ^jxh mtya ixun oii'trni ^n ny 
 T13B' ijy n^ fi'Dix niy a)b&2 n"3n ain^ti''' dxi ini) loa nbxoi 15 
 nniB'Ji Diijci? i?:t 132 ny n^x ^jx 13 x-cn iix ^xi>l^^ noxii 
 T1V nnxci' no i^j pn {vba nDx^i) m ^x 'niD xip^i .isi^B'a 
 cii^B>3 D3n''E'(i)''i nii'K'i' Dsybv nw nB> ^xi i^nx oy xsi Tni5 
 'ni3X''i iDxS vnub nuiD pty^ .D^iam ni^jsii D3»y wxiiD nl^*i 
 Tix n^yn i^x nDxni niaai) lox Jinni . rials' ixs^i Dii'tri' li? 1^ 20 
 "x3i xsv xini (wi)) xin csipt p la iy:n nx nii'B>5' nxT' x^ 
 ix-in Ijx uid n^ba inxii irn^x iJ"ni ^loa mix xbi u'':si' 
 
 ^ P^iiJ'ti'- ^ P. Totrn iiy (n. T13B'; Pr. intD -i5x). 
 
 ' P. vnxD. * M. and n. nnxi. ° P. nox ; Pr. (xma pao. 
 « n. T'Dse'DD. ' P. VJi ''JE'. * P. csbin. ' P. najn. ■ 
 " Only in n. " n. H2b. 
 
25 HEBEEW TRANSLATION. CH. T. 
 
 DIN 1^ E>p3i li" nnjfi ,™e> cib^v ^Dvn 1113 sioan nx •'HKib' 
 m npi ■'n iJTiya •■n i^i noB' li^ t^^i T^SJ 1^'"'' P'^^ "^^^ "''"'''^ 
 
 Di^a'ai nn33 inis n^t5'''i T'<i"' ^3 '^''yii t^'-sn i:''ya n'-onii'i 
 na^^ DIN cpn^ nniD N>iii ,{n)m aiDi) mi'B'3 w^s i^^'') 
 ••2 n-iniD yi'' n^i iriNnpi? tdis? " ixiiD ijNsn nx nxci ■'Id^ idjj 
 nina nns tnd* nnita ^jn ns^Dn "i»nii .nw (nixav) "■'• iNiiD 
 10 n:ibb ynnn ijin *[n''aiD n»N'"i ''3:n i'NiB''' 'jno] idnii nniD tyi 
 
 "'JB' l"ni 'non wtd* "^'''j-ia nwn wnN ^inuj iT'aa ''(B'^atyiN) 
 Di:n3JNi inn ^[.Twa] ^''iiy•\^ {y^Njn ly 'D'':n33ND b''' n'-c 
 i3n!' TiaNi i^Ni nnona avo iin n''DiD 1^ n»x''i mB'3 '[.T'wa] 
 
 15 "ittx''i Tnn "i3E> n^ trit<"i ''^S' l^nty nso ijn mxriD 13 imn nx 
 nuiD Ni'i .-insn bsi ''ba awnty 15? loiv ''Jsn 13 ino i^ li? 
 uiD I'DH'') '•toy i^^E* irnsD 3id ^a '■riNSD idn^ ii3x^ in 
 NSM 105? r\:hb px^ dni Nin &ipD nrxD jnxi ■>!'« inis Nip 
 B"N T^x Di^t^ 1^ ''*2X''i ''31D ijx ix^»n N311 .int<np''i nniD 
 
 20 nxt b '■jnxsD noi'V^di^B' •'^y* e>i dn nin ■itDN''i Q^^^N^ 
 -iiyty* ■<» ixijan nDX''i Di3B'niD3 tij) 3B'1'' i3jni "''J''y3 nsn ''yxti> 
 
 'J n. T'nj)i\ ^ All texts '•moNi ; Pr. bnaui. ' n. adds nrn. 
 
 * Not in n. ^ n. faB'lN. " P. aad n. D'':n3JN3. ' p. and n. D^^. 
 
 * On tlie margin of P. marked x"j. ^ MS. mm ; Pr. n:''E'5 JN 
 
 B'^Nj-i xn D''nj3jN tN non rn n nxni nsnT ixno-inE* 0^1^33x3 
 n^t nn nu^i m DTinaxi ni3 m nirj -n ty^xm. " P. transposes. 
 
 " P. and n. '•ryD. 
 
CH. V. BOOK OP TOBIT. 24 
 
 i? npi ni3t b:iK)\ nxota b::ii imv nx V3» "an nnsi ,^t3i)3K'n 
 ■■i Nin T>ni3s jntD n^ ihj'n 133 p ba n^i innsE>D» ne's 
 "itrs apv nsi pn5ii ni>? an-UN dn •'U nan wnjN aiN''n3n ■'jdd 
 n^jaa u^an21 132 ■'jna innnnij un n^i onnatyDD d'-e'j inpi) 
 HB'yn N^ ncaji) n:^n iti'xi T'B'jia ^ I'd!? nii; d'^b' ''n nnx'; .nmi 5 
 *i»j) "nanDD "ie>n ai^n p* ins tidb' n^vs fi'n t6i onns^ 
 
 HB'y piiiyn ij^K)! ci'-D-isJ HDD ^13301 'auvi^ in IDn^BI }1X 
 
 am « nxo i'Nt:' ny bni naita nss? lis jn-'B' ''d bsb ijipi vdb'i io 
 n"3n '"•T'3 K^JN nsy dib> aia lu px '3 invvi TTiimN nc" 
 ij^i n»N TioE'i an'' nn i'^SB" nn nt^y Y)Stn> ib'x I'd '-a (nai)) 
 iryi' n»y n^T' •''' "la j'dni prni ti^vd in^* iiNi yb]i ti'-iv ib'n 
 riN iJ)niN 1:3 nnjji .ib'sj ^^^i nnn^ b::2 UB'mn dn ij^vinh 
 n3''lD3 fiD3 naa lE'y '•mp inx iiN''2j lu ii> hti ib'x ^iDin nm 15 
 NTTi ON 133 nriNi TiiD QV nx ^''njn'' x^ '■a (''Id pxai) t^xn 
 iijiij it^iv 1^ jn' 'xin xDH ijoD idsv nittBTii* i* nx 
 
 n 
 
 nnvi .HB'yx p nx ''3n''ix ntj'x b lox'-i vax nx nniD 15)^1 
 ab xin n i^xna tid fioan nx nnpi? bix ^x nvj? •'i' jn ■■ax 
 eioan nx •'b r\T\b vba noix }»''D ntii ^"inT'ax xi? •'djxi iJT'a'' 20 
 
 1 M. adds on. ^ M. i)x ; n. n3E>. ^ ]y;_ ^jan^ri ; n. Dansn. 
 * Pr. 1X10X3 xn. ' P. ni''jv!5. ' Pr. f-i ■'a in f ''i in ne'u 
 fxpns xmap nax. '' n. nia. * M. and n. mj?i\ ^ P. -iiaifD 
 Xini .... '" M. and n. uiiax. 
 
23 HEBREW TEAITSLATIOH. CH. IV. 
 
 U1D nijan) 'nasn nd3* ■'JS^ Dn''3B' ni'sn [n]jiDtr3 N^-l^ nya 
 
 "DN ''310 ns Dn^jE' nx nxai^ nixiann by niiaon iB'n ^ssi 
 5 p n''3ic2b nnni" ^nijji na nne* nxi vj'-v ''^no insEni' nuiD 
 
 T 
 mT- ^Nijn n3 mtyi iiT'i ba 3B'''i inl^an nt? nits nibaai 
 !lD3n ns uiD lat icnn nya .i'' ^n ^ijannl? nniijai nuN n^^sJD 
 run lab nDN''i no pxa tj^wn njncn i'N''nj T-a T'psn ie'n 
 
 lo 133 .TiaiD riN NipN nnj?i *nio^ '■'K'sj dn* ni'' i'33 baw 'iJN 
 ■l»^?''1 W3 U1D nx Knp''i .iTiDs DiDa fiD^n =i3t nx iniN ynisi 
 b nntyn ^Ni HDN nx niai 11233 tiik nup niDN -ie'N3 vi'N 
 naa '■33 niati n^n nx "i-iDn ^ni n'la nx mnn ^xi n"n ^d^ 
 11333 '•Dv nnix nup nnio3i ^^:D33 nni''n3 re^bv n3y nnx 
 
 15 luyn xiii vjai? xann xIji ^x■l13 nx mar t^* ^31 inx n3p3 
 ijxi npix 'nwyo tt* va»n iix " n^ ]n'< ib'x b»i vniiVD bj> 
 " Q^i'V fjxi i'xiE>'' "ijiD T^'V c^yn ^x ddh ■'tj'jx Dj? n3nnn 
 vjon iix iK-iy nwvb I'T' T^n ab cixi nmx nv3 noD vry 
 3nii ^D3 ninsixi -it^iy ^i' njpni -[ri xx»3n p npix nwyo 
 poynon issi ,niD!3 i'^vn npisi yen nnsix i^'iyv x^ »3 '(pix3) 
 |D iDy avDiyi T^a ntnx pis3 ijx 3in33 Q\ni5x ':a nrn'- npis3 
 
 20 
 
 ' M. and n. " 1133 XD3 '•Jai'1 HiiSBTl. ^ P. and n. [3. 
 
 ' n. iK'aj mix. * M. 'K-aj niioi'. " n. adds p. " M. mDn. 
 
 ^ M. and n. add T^^iy. » P. T\Wyb. ' np1X3'? Pr. omits. 
 
CH. Ill, BOOK OF TOBIT. 22 
 
 DDDD intj' •\:b T'ninB' niNis « •'b-b) nrn D113 {d& unmn ib'n 
 tiNi noNi TtiSK'D nun) 1* nnjji irm n-iiDvS u''^^ nnoa 
 Tiaiin waijH i6) yish undh 13 inus nuivDi TiiJiya •■aijDjn 
 '3 iJDD i^si riN ^X3 np(i ''Dy nj nB>y Tiiijji "it:'''3i iiD3 nnvi 
 n-^urb MnpJ xinn ciiui .niy inain j;»b'n n^ji "hd imo niD s 
 *ninac5'D vn nya no ps* nriDa =D''3n3JKi nn^^B' i^Kiyn ni 
 1^5 N-ipi? "iisT B*' N^ ni) nnoiKi na nipyiiDi) nnis n^'sinD nux 
 
 'mpB* Diip ciniN mn n\T dhb^pT i^D''n»B'N qs '•a dhd ins 
 nx 'njTin nn nth nnsB'n ni^JN iDsm psn ija ^na ni^iN 10 
 iniDriK' T'nuNi' nNTi 31di nrn ynn -ain iij? unis •'pi'ni ymtt 
 i]^p njJDB' ncxa ^T'^ ,ab)]i'? na n^ii p n^j idd in-c n^ii nnnn 
 "jai' pvmi nuN ni^iy ^jn iiyni nam ino i^n^innni nsm nainn 
 a'DU n'N3 n'':pr am ias<!5 '•jrina nns ci\i^n •'i iDsni id b)p2 ^ 
 ''ni)N nn^? '•a Dne'n "lijD ns tiin n''npi^n '■'ma bv nni'B'n nriNi 15 
 ppTo '•ro ija iini ninan bn "isi''i nnsj'n bi ninnn (b) 
 lira •'BNi •'as na''{s' ns TiniNB> t^''W ainn •'■' nnvi D^wtJ* 
 nxnx ijNi Ji-in nj ijjin nsra ''i'V y:!ha pT iM xs' dxi rh)n^ 
 bo 'JN minD •'a " nvT- nhian ■'naini naiion Tiv^a my 
 nT'n'' ''JX1 Tii^j pxa Tiias db' hni lotj' ^nNȣD n^ji mx riNota 20 
 ,i2ijtj»Tii2> anp "1^ tri xiji mbm nx tni^ p "1? pxi '•Dsh UNij 
 DN1 D^'iya nij? nvn^ 1!' jnn'' noi a^mti nvae* niava mo njm 
 
 1 Only inn. ^ M. NipJ ; Pr. 13x5. ^ P. and Pr. Dijnaja. 
 
 * M. nnati'D ; Pr. n^''ap. ^ n. continues nxB* ^'''atj'a mns p. 
 
 = n. nt5"X^ nnptJ*. ^ P. everywhere ^XIDCX. ' M. laip^C. 
 9 M. Win. ^^ ^.^Ni'D. " p. ''b. ^ M. i!> i3B'T'''B'. 
 
21 HEBREW TEANSIATION. CH. ni- 
 
 '<n''m non ns ''nap nnx xinn nb''i'3i .c^i'nn nx i3ip ^sim 
 I'N-iE''' pN3 ''1N13 HNOta pK3 ''Dsy ns intib Tib'' N?i nrno 
 Tij) TiD nnx nnnn xi? ionI' N''3jn n''r2T' M'^bv i3T ib'«31 
 i^jj)* Q1-IBS ''3 ''nvT' N^Ji ci'JD ■'331 -\''pn b'iK ''n33t:>i ''n37ni 
 
 5 ba ip33 ^nsbi •'3^y3 ^ibn ^n'B-jJJi •'J^v Ijv dhniv n^sJi 'T'p3 
 Tiii bi d''JE' V3-IN iiy ''n''''ni ib'' s^i tiik nsani' D''N2i">n 
 N''nn nv3i /nix nyn ■'31-ip np''pNi ■'J''V nmv b n''3vy ui-ipi 
 nbpoi ^''nnxi' nivn'- nanixi a''B>3^ n3N^D nciy Ticx nan 
 pjjis ''nsn ^ip vot^xi n-i3B'3 nnx •'ij n^ un-'i arn ^T'1 m3E> 
 
 10 iDxni ,3i3j n^T' xi'B' ntysn '•iDtrn nrn ••njn n3 pxe nb n»ixi 
 n''i'y TipyiJi n^j Tijoxn xh ''■13B' b '^x iina '■3 ^3^^ p x^ "ba 
 .njn pDji b nn'' n^naipno wtii i''b3^ mix ''d^b'i '^sb lox^ 
 nj(3 153 i^''yi'' ab^ TTiipnsi inon n''x . "ha -i»xni n^n ivni 
 
 ; nnsij nyiiD nnaini ims 
 
 15 im»xi '''' ''jsi' Tii'i'snni ■n2^ b]i Tii'mi TT'Nnii ''n3vyn3 ''Jxi 
 ion yy^'^ bi muj y^v^) b o nDSK'D ityi '•'' nnx p'-iv 
 n''B'y riDx •'3 ^''bv x3n b iJSJ pnv nnxi pxn taaiti' nnxi ncxi 
 •'jnpsi] X3 '"'3131 nin''i5Dn tnx D''cnin 3x ["] nnjii TiytJ^nn •'Jxi 
 'ni3iv3i ■'nxDn3 ''i'y ^i»3n xj ^xv Tioni n^cm mes [x3 
 
 20 Du ■'inx nmin nx i3''^{5'''i TnisD n»E' vh ib'x tiux ni:ij)3i 
 o'lij 133 bvi'tub-i n''iDvn ^3) n3''3tj'h ^t^D^i nennb i3nix tnni 
 
 ^ P. XIHE'. ^ M. ''m3p; n. for the two words "\3p. 
 
 ' P. nipfl bv; Pr. )D ID )''^X3 ■lX1''n3 in tXtS* n3X''B'X IX3tfJ33 '3 
 
 C? cnax IP). * P. nB'5)3i. ^ P. i3''i'y. " M. and n. nat. 
 
CH. II. BOOK OP TOBIT. 20 
 
 B'y^i VJ3 by Hip i^ hv mbti ■>* "izb u nsnn' ^b)ii in nx 
 'ijiN =^^ -invi* ^i3 *jtj' ^ns DnB>N ^jn l^!5D^ n»x w* .nopj t^^w 
 
 iDKity (iniyD tuT ijs^ bi'sriin!' owjc nvK'a nna) ininn^i 
 ^3 ^T1 ta-nx px id^jdj noni mna inian vn ivnie'i i^diini 5 
 ns inniDK ips'-i vrinn in piniDN ni^o'-i nitJ^N i^jd nnmo no 
 131^1 -i)m px ij33 ^tj'iDi 1^ -im h:: bv '-hn ^xnn |3 ippN 
 n'-n 13 nii'':^ '>33''t5>n ne'K ts aniD an3T -^ban ba '<b]3 ip'-pN 
 ms o '-n nuiD nxi ''nt:>N mn nx •'i' uit^'-i ''3i-ipi ''3inN -ip'>pN 
 
 '.^''bv eiyr ntJ'N layn QE'&ni' iwk i^jdh 10 
 
 a 
 
 'n3tj'''i ni^nj mwD [''n''33] Tiwan nij;i3B'n jn3 N^^^ njB'3i 
 a''''jyn lynNo ' iji5 N3ni i? 133 nniDi? *m»Ni ^13n^' " '3n^B> ^» 
 iTiaia i!'''i .7x13 iy {53x3 nIj •'djj outrvn bi '•jni 'uov i'i3xi> 
 y\!i: i3''nxD nnx nx ■'Ijk "yam b>33 id 3a'ii £]''''J5;nD E>p3^ ■'W 
 nx ''n3T5Ji ISO "b -^T) •<nbn23 TivDr ■itJ>N3i .Tivn 3im3 li'tj'ini 13 
 tJ>DW N3 nj? inwi3 vnotyi 3imn jd vnionni in3i?ni linijc 
 n« ^m3n nyp3i nyoi3 '•Dni' ti^sxi •'n^J? *n3E'i i-i3pi5 bixE* 
 D3'jn inssni iDsi' "^jn nus* [K^3:n] oioy 131 -itj'x -isin 
 riN ''m3pi Tisi'n k^dbti ni33 mii ,tnd n3in n33Ni '1:1 bxi" 
 wsii b)} XT' nr p" "i^sxi' '•i'v Qiryi'D ^nnatJ'oi unpi ^^nn 20 
 
 1 n. 'n -I13J?3. ^ Not in n., but in Pr. « Pr. omits. 
 
 * So all, DNn^Jxi? ? Pr. omits. ^ P. M'hv. ' P. inl^tyn; 
 
 Pr. p 1n5, 1. 1 6 !» D^JaD. ' n. ii>. « M. and n. continue TnONI 
 
 nmni" ; Pr. n''3iD3 anaui. ' P. inua. 
 
19 HEBREW TBANSLATION. CH. I. 
 
 •'^'33 QiwynD* QinDB'i dTiwi n''i'3is vn hn'hv ^1VP ■'^'*'' 
 
 IHE'D'' DiJ»B> ''B'XII r •'pITOa QTIWn min' '?]! =3in3D UTIUN 
 
 min'' ijy '>'' nxo iivp n\n nxr bv qji ^idi'' "qb' ^y i^nj xi)! 
 
 5 i'j''i VJs byo D3''i'B>n ly iiaa i^jd nx DiT'by k3*i di'^'iT'i 
 pna D''J?ma bn-^^ ''bbn wto ityx^i .inmx ^jjd mini nx 
 ■•niiK 11 im»Ki nm niDjja oimapi aniniiu 2:m inun noini> 
 .liyB'nn urasi niB>y nox la iJi^y xan b iiy pn^: nnx btr^^if 
 QinDion niE'Jxn naa idjj i^^n nx iib'k i^id inmo typ3 ib>x31 
 
 10 itj>N inay 'niD -losi' ^i5D^ niri nwj ib>3n ttijii ciNifD n^ 
 niJiJ nisin b ^y ^Vii'JK ns nijw Nin 1^5 nB>K b bv* mpsn 
 inii .^I^D xni t6'\ nnoa nnix naip Nini loy i^i^n ns E'pai' 
 tj'iani' wi 1N0 li'yf lax nnii nrn nnnn nx anwD yoB* itrxa 
 ynw ntj'toi layta ^ijjnn^ cpaii ij3 niiiai *inE>x mn na)* inix 
 
 '5 imnoji li) iB'x ^3 *n^? i'ii'K'i> iv'i ii;iaD inma nrn nnn i^ 
 Dixni DB'aj non "iiDinii ^xntyi nuD^'N i^jy ipyv ib'n iy v^aa 
 i'NntJ'i ijN im3Dii Dipnty ly nk'ji itjatyD diDt^n iix yj3i 13311 
 Nip HD ^y iiipriji vsyii nx i'NE' 13 mna inuinii vn •<:^ lu 
 nsi ■'ny-ia i>in ns n labKi iiotyni o^t^ni i?yi i'siE'i bv n'a'pn 
 
 20 'Bni iiy nyi^i iion on!? " iw ityt* 'i-iinam* anvo ni3a b 
 ciHB'i' ni^in b^ntt'i i'B> dni3N omiN 13 vsyvi ii»3n 1^ iidnii 
 
 1 P. 3Vp. ^ M. -iii:> bn di33ynDi ; n. -iiarD ba; Pr. nN^JNa 
 
 ino. ' M. and n. 3in3 10. * Not in n., but in Pr. 
 
 ^ P. from t linnl'i iJE'ani' ^ba. = n. diDinii. ' n. •iss<n3i33. 
 
 « So all; Pr. nNJin5l3 nB^iDH tN{i>it<3 iNni3 INT litJN jNJNIJ [Kl 
 
 (^dni^y) iNB'iN ifN. 
 
 B 2 
 
CH. I. BOOK OF TOBIT. 18 
 
 'bv nnix ntysai ■■i nivoa {obm-i'''? rhii h^ oy hjk'i n:v fjaa 
 Tihj iB'xai ,''!OKn(i ■'iND) imNB>3 din'' ''3 lax qn mm 
 nuiD iDtj' TiNipi p ''b il^ni n:n ncsyi Tinaa^oo nB>N '''nnp^ 
 ■inK b^i rhmr^ •\'^)ir] nw^n inaB'"' "bn^i pso 'TT'i'jn icioi 
 ^■''i nN-f ''iSD onnsa '•ni'WJ n^j i33ni cun nni) D'^^1^? '-m-ipi 5 
 i^W noni jn dNn^xn •<b ]m *''E>S3 i'ani 'uis Saa i* nx Tiiari 
 iniD Qv ny 1^ IK'S ^53 b]i tin "ipaii* iik'n i^d nDX3Di'I^' 
 iK'SJ 'B'Nn nyiD3 11D pxn ib'n •'nx ^n''3J "tii '■nipani 
 m 3''nmD ^^m iityN ^pri -^DniKh^ no lE'sa Ti-i .eioa 'naa 
 Ti^a'' Niji pN3 i^n iB'N niDn^Jon ijsd ''■id •'am naoii vnnn 10 
 •i^JS?^ * nm nipnv ''rr'B'v (p nnxi) ''aoa nx 'nnpi> no ps iiN na^i' 
 naini) pnn o'lai'tJ^iD '•Dy iS^n inisi ityN^i moba^ " cdiit'd i»j? 
 nnmo 3K' ncxa *nii .OTnap nc'x iy '■nni Niji "TiDpK' n^ niv: 
 i'Nit}''' *n!'N " laji "IK'S {jy Q'^aa nwa nirj bn miniD nwN n^o 
 5ivp nxt i'yi] 5'xiti''' Tii)!* nx fiiJi finn ntys nannn ijy "min'' pxa* is 
 1JN1 1ND nmn ano jiiT'I [inui'D i'oa IK'S i'xity'' ni^np i'3 ijy 
 btr^^'< ''D3B* iiy nstn n-iMn n3 hd ^y nos in nyii' Titrpa 
 1DB' xi'K' "inxvDi b)]) pNi naiDN i^x ^^Ya'pn '•3* n»N3 TiyT" "■a 
 l^D annjD T'DK'n ik'n orrinx m»K'n n^b bv ba-)^'' '■bib' 
 tJ'Dn dn'i^i'iyi nn anna Dnninai b>n3 n^E* dnnvao tib'n 20 
 niTinx mi» ijy '1'' ''Jai' uyiT'ti'i i^ntt'E' ciip»3i ,]ii)2 DrTTrnni 
 
 1 M. innpiji. '^ P. ci^ni'N. * P. nai?. * P. ^nd. 
 
 ^ P. •npa''!. ^ P. n''22. ' P. and Pr. everywhere B'''W1. 
 
 « P. -03. ' n. from *, 1. 7, nnpin. " P. t:''Owb'\. " Pr. 
 
 omits and has nnw pOt 11 after (IND) n''NJ3, 1. i6. ^' M, '"'•'& 
 
 ona. " p. ''nyT'1. 
 
II. HEBKEW TEANSLATION. 
 
 'p ^JX'nj* p (i^Nns p) ^N33n p i'NUia p ''3id iqd nt 
 ityx n^ijn ny piDWD nbn itJ'K) '•i'nsjj ntiDD ^^'ntijj p bn.^ 
 ■UK'S ^i'D '-idnjdSb* ion n^jn ie'n (nijN p SJE'in ''DU nn^jan - 
 i3it3 -IDK11 t no'' i)UJ iiy i'l^'Ji ne'N ''i'naa T's; ^ncine n^n Nini 
 
 5 D''Dn Tni «n 'c b TiiBij Tia^ntr (i)!?) n^^tsh ^^i'N il? mat 
 psa nijin ni^in '■ovi'i '•ns^ 1n1t5>y{^• quid niioni nm nipisi 
 ^in n'32' i3?t5'a •'iinaj nD» b bir\^ psi lyj '■nvna 'n-i own 
 Dtyi ^N-iE''' "032' 1530 '''' nn3 IB"}? i^vn* n-'^tj'n'' ni^VD ihn''i 
 "niijyn^ n3in3 ii33 " i'sini i'NiB''' 'n3ti> bi? m-\pm " nsto 
 
 10 nin3it ''bnsi hdd "-nN bi (nitra) D'-Dys nE'^K> ■'''!' CD^t^'i nihy 
 ijNnK^ n^» D33 p QV3T' n^v it5'N 3nTn 'ijij)!? niijiyi d^n3t 
 bv " min3 3in33 anyim Qi^cni ^jn '■nsi'n '•jni n3i bn nna 
 (tJ^iTTii p"ii) P^ii ''33 aiinai) nini33i nintJ'jfDi DIT1333 i'NiE'' 
 ■-33 ns diniB'on ■"h •'ni' nmsn na ijSKJi (qijidti cisni) |»e>i 
 
 ■15 Tial'ni) njD^sh ciin''^ la^ ''B'''i'{i' n^'yoi '<m ib'vdi n''ii{5'ni3 1'' 
 
 1 P. -13 ^Nn3J; all MSS. have i>X''3J almost everywhere. 
 'P. ^JNinjJ. ' P. everywhere -IDN^D^E>. * So all ; Pr. n''Ni>''1 tN. 
 
 ^ Pr. adds ^isnti'i nsciNS. ° P. mi'yni'V " M. ic'^n. 
 
CH. XII. HISTOEY OP TOBIT. 16 
 
 tyj -12 nsm ab) xmp ^^ya bJ? ""hv bam basrh n^m ab) 
 MNijD nns ''UK j?*T'"i riTinaB'N n^j ni^j idni insi? an : rr-nn n 
 
 nijSNi na ay 3d n^:it6a nb^^ anba ina ioni xnijs y-)2) 
 n^SN ^?^^i'l xinn Noroi i^jnu 'pj?-iD ps'iDn |nn idni rfrr^Mi s 
 rr-Di iT-nn^N niB' p pn n''^ an^i nna nuiiah uidIj nh^k 
 :pniD33 ^53 nuiD nT-i n''nn3K njijji isNiyn 
 
 10 
 
 NniiTiD by niipai nna .T^aiDS sipi uid vnonx pnii iru 
 nTivi ''J'-Dn ay hdii b^ NiD''n i)''Dj iin na ni) naiKi x^i'^5'^ 
 nmnx it" naiy b Nni^x ina'' p p33T i»i'' b xnpnv luyi 
 aiT-T ijy pnv^ pi '11 n''3i3 aniT NitJ'yDi xnpns i'''T3 n:uk 
 N^ n^niijs ''bsi ph Nnub ijtN la apy pi Nnpns layi Nitj'yD 
 anil NnijN nini^vx pai laiDni? Nnpi5{[i] Nni^yo aniD^j n^jx ma 
 Tiayn nx nsi ininx wjjdi pijo nnoji b^'nm n» iia nii" 
 NniivD ^^?£^> ^jy pnn'' Tipai ; pHni t-iit n»a p-ai pn^naiya 15 
 n npu nna nuiD iTiapi n'^ayb cjanxi nTi* Nipsi' q^^'E'i 
 nin^JSNi ■'UNT NnnsD D^ipi bv nuiai' xni^x Ti-ia pTtiid -inai 
 
 t^ni '•laiy tiaa xnana 2m ijd 
 mcj ntyytj' Jjy nnrooni nipisn no bna noa Miob n.t 
 pyiv vnB' laiji .napn i^j d^b' no iisna vnntJ*yD ti'nani nip'is 20 
 nmasa .ana pninr vn lai^ nnB>yDni npivn na ai'iyn nias 
 psi Nij-in pxa pn^r ynn na pHsu .ijao nwo ib jnii na 
 ana apya .npixi> aai' lyir •^■oann.i n»a npnv xisx nynr 
 
 ti? iJiB'yN -iw li? inn ib'x bi 
 « i>"n nuiD nsj'yD an « 
 
 1 MS. pnD. 
 
15 CHALDEE TEXT. CHS. XI, XIL 
 
 xnp-iij lijnvD'' sn^N ittxi nTinJS ninvi iiKWi T'"'3i "''""'"i^ 
 
 «^ 
 nuini) isNBi i»N nivi bp >i amp onps iy nuiD bm 
 dy NJina innjx i'^t^n tvai ins n^ npatj* ina^K yn" nx ^ns 
 5 ipsDip pm-^r\ liJTNi Nnu nsaa^ ^"^^3 nxi n3ni i^n xnaw 
 n'<n'' ntn lai mi jt- n"3d» N'mix ntyian san'' rr'OK inaE'si 
 13'nKT xniiN ina m»Ni n^i) npB'31 ns'-sji nTiiDipb riDm 
 niniN no na jyai.a^s)^ ISn nn'-Di' n''3''B'n «!» wkt qI'B'i 
 
 lo 131 n^DV i'NS-11 nuiD i'tsi inn:N *n*m ly xan njd^xp njni 
 pe'jxi Tii^ an na n-'i' ntoxi ''JD iin nna sris anx ''aiD v»b' 
 ao n^aiD^i ij^sn n'-i' -\m nmi' irab w^''^'' nS? wkt li? 
 ■•im N^JiiN 'p i''3* ^^13''5? rT- xnisx •'Dxi ''liiva 'ib*! njwi xmno 
 iDNi arba n" '■aiD T"^^'' '<"^'< "'''^y layi. nan xnon b •'aiD 
 
 15 nx xninab townD ijrpsNi ■':d n''nn''D jjjd sh t^rba i^a 
 nayn synxai kide'I arha nb) po ''dn inia r\b> ''Ddi in» t^in 
 pQ3i NHU vjai navn b ''iat<^ nniu ■•ynti'Ni nnimaaai nnaiw 
 nstn na '-mi tinosJ ^sani n'-nb niDnp5' nna n^aita oy ''aiD 
 xnn xnnjN [d i^ xn^x t"' "i^^ni in^i n^n''ai' n^yxi ni^y nn 
 
 2° ; ton HDN "i:''yi '■yyi i''t2''B'p pa 
 
 I'' 
 IDS NnytJ> nna *. n-'b ^txi iiNan jinoy ^y ab iin'J? -hv nai 
 niyi nnjs n''i> )n''3i njihn nnty Nipi apwb pia n'-aitji' uiD 
 tj'bi Npw^ n''aiD paji ;Nin ^''tfpi pino naj ans n''i'y ^jidij 
 
 1 Omission ? " MS. n^b. = MS. [Dnn. 
 
CH. X. HISTOEY OF TOBIT. 14 
 
 hi^iih is'-ai pDi'- nca nna -^m n'-cj'n ''aiia ndvi ndv issai 
 
 N^i iiNaj wo IN |Dn nijnay NDi)''i rT-tyan ids an xi) rr-ia 
 n3 las ni^) mnx nTiriN nam nNjynx^ ne*! nsdo n''^ UiT 
 ma 1)5; laaaiji ^&Dob '''^t^^ inNriD sin pn bv) [''•'na rr'E'aj rrh 5 
 nnh fjiy "iin: xnpim ynxij bwb '^n^rbtn na ii) in moNi 
 Tia ijT' ji^nann n!) v^hk' n!5 idn nin uiui bwb nTipatJ' 
 iDiDin xi) xin fD^no rr-oy btxT ^-laji ni^) nin vmo aia d^Jtya 
 na ^jj ■'ji'onjn ab) pintj* n*^ moN njni cii'K'a -ni'' dns t»"'3 
 N^ n^a in'''' mai nnx ^''Si'ai NDca simiN nE'isi' npaa mm lo 
 -loaiN iBi^JE' iai tnai? ni n^ji Niiiiija snyDi fnijiN did nD^vts 
 piao t6 XDX1 Nas onx Nini'E' I'Nisni' n^aio idn Nnain ibv 
 ;«lin Naayn''N!5 NJ^^a'' xh in'' n^ti> ijid iD»a |vai ini "^mrh 
 :ma5n i^a iiax^ nsnni' ijk'ni sim iD5J„iniN ^Niyi mi) idn 
 niE> anil ijNiyn ap pa a^b aniD^ wn i!? an num ni^J ains 15 
 IiB>iai5i imni ixy pi'Dji pi»ni pnay nioaj ni3i5ai niaiaij nima 
 pni? -ittNi jiya-iai Dptynai mi'tj'a pnni n^n anni sioaT pjxci 
 flifiJi ni»iN ab iy pja pa:D li? irnii ndIje' paii^y i^i anba 
 TniDni ni»m Nipn ninjiN nima , p-ntJ'^ ioni pn^ pi65>Ji pn^ 
 xnan Niim xnats Nrnt^a ^iD ywrn d!'E'^ ^n T3''ip pmnm 20 
 Ni)D2>i ^rha nx insi '•la niaiiaij moN njiyi : nni'B'i ni) p^i^ 
 nnB> xni ima n-iB* p iimp pDig'p pja ijjitnii ub^y iji-iani 
 mtyi HDiN NJN oi'B'a {jij niin idv b nni ijyn i6 tiu ima 
 :pjnni5m pni? nptj'i^i .pann iD'' b^ paimx ni^v* N^ni^N innx 
 nijsNi niaNijD ni'tj'i nviw n^db^i xn^s inai nn niaia btNi 35 
 
13 OHALDEE TEXT. CH. IX. 
 
 nnns mis? t^rhm :B'''ni ab b'^ni n''jnnp3'i ab dki c''? ni" 
 i-i» una pn^ m»Ki npaai piTinn juatf nhi ntni xJnT'K^ 
 NUnxi N''i2B'T xniis '■''' na ina ^jnisji idni ; Nin cv anx no^SJ 
 ITi Tir ^31 TT'Dn ijunn'' N''3ii XB'iip ^n3■^n1 ''Dbi ''Hd nx 
 5 Nnnn Ni^ nan^ nns Tip* nw inai a^Jiy^ iinv Vi^ba\ 
 
 \Tnav insi : di>y^ jin^na nnm kidhi Neijc \'\nb an tin'''nn ^v 
 ninniNi) idni t^>: na Nja b'''J-ii nb iy xnap ni ix''Da P'"i^ "i'^^'' 
 iT'pai pa-iyi p^jay pnji •^td'] ir\ivb "'laimi ijd arb ''J''pri« 
 10 1JJ '-nn JO pisn nb n''ait3!' noNi jp majji an pitDons TayDi? 
 nioi lai t5?3 ■'Noaij nu^a aoTii Nnrjj; Tina nnm j'ov ^Da^K 
 NaN^ ni) NHN WK1 nv 13^1 1^ snn nx N^Jia aoTi •'nnjKi Nis 
 
 jD^jy IV tiV'nb '■nnjN naiyi 
 
 NiD IDS? "lan ■'nN nnry n'b idxi i'Nsni' nniD Nip pa 
 
 15 n'^aivno n'-i' ani bm^i itao B'lJNii' i'^ri piiej pini piay nyaiN 
 
 jon^ iifo^ N3^''a'' N^ N3Nn ^dd Ti^'-ai' nTi* p»ri Nana ni? firiv 
 
 1JD Nasi pDV loaiN iy n^ria ;» piax n^i i^siyn o^pn ^*ia 
 
 Njijiai N^i Nasi HPSii sj^vn nn ndv Niny lay oxi n'dv 
 
 inay nyanNi p^»j pin ny ^n3i ijrN i^Niyi ci*''p N^tia^ 
 
 20 niaitai n^b •'ini n''aixiD n'-i' an''i ij^an Niriaa ina^ t^^jxi mp^ 
 
 n'nain^ i!''tn n*^ pot nin nnitii iiNiyi na mc' aoj laiD ia 
 
 nniD n3C5>Ni xni>*ai5 Nnxi a^b^i bv Nana jyD p ^xaa yctj> na 
 
 niaiai Nnsnn niN''JD» Miiiy saai n''^ p'^:) Niina ^y a^n' 
 
 Tiiai N^JD Nnpis i*ay c^B'pi aa laa ^1a1 n^oci sn^x idxi 
 
 25 '.am xnaD Nnns hdn^i yiMb) i? ann unp laiDi n^n^JN 
 
CH. Vin. HISTORY OF TOBIT. 12 
 
 "iDx injNi5 iT'aiDi' nn'' ariM nimi mB* n'' ijNisn nam t niDlstyi 
 ijNij?-! Nipi nttxi" nn'' 1311 HB'DT Nfimx naSia nn'' n»D n^i) 
 mnyi nTnii' Nnnina \nii'j? anani' n-i"3 nan'^tih ninns njivi' 
 njiy!) ijxiyn ibk : inB"! li^aNi pino nrr- iDnm Nnmna innai p 5 
 , na''SJi p mnyi nma ''^y^?1 xaatj'D rr'a piT-K ijipris n'TinjN 
 NiDEti Nni5N iDv iiav ^ma moNi naai nma mK-i) njiv 
 li)^ 11m N:in bv min i? \m "ybii n^^ Nio'-n pin K''iiib 
 
 n 
 
 mK'i nuiD jonij li'jji nd-ivi njittin X3pnsi5 iio'-^k' 12 nini 10 
 nnn» ^j? iwi n3U1 w!' 3''dji isNsn iii'D .TiaiD naii n'-nrux 
 NyiN *a"D3 p-ivi xnn {'■-np ■'Niob'ni mB> n»''b ninn "iiapi 
 Ntyt nnNi NJiTTN p ipsJi M»2ri^ nnoxi nnap tiNsni nnsD'i 
 'DTiJi ''iDip 'nnN mK-l? noNi xonv to niniD api prr'i-in Isni 
 nip nuita '^si ninn'-Di niiD''n mby i^a''"' ^n^^* QiP NJunn 15 
 
 731313'' Oijlj?^ IDtJ* T'n31 i'N1B>''1 nMl^N ''''' DN T'-13 -IDNl NH^K 
 
 nin JT" [n]DD iT'i' n3n>i ms Nnn3 nx in''''i3 bi i<''OE' 
 ^Tn1nb oin •'irT'ci' ppn n^ niDNi XB>yN ''J3 b^ pnrDi n^nns 
 
 NDUt i'''13 xi) DTIN flVT' nx urbn 1^31 iT'bp^ IDD iT'i' 1U3JN 
 
 lion NJ^J 3ni Nj^j; Din Nnnix n3i'n3 pni^x ni ''nnx n''3DJ 20 
 niDNi mtj' n3''nNi p3t3 p:3 tab 3ni hbii'2. Nin ix Ni3nnNi' 
 iDNi ijNijri Dp N''W ni3ii''S3 nini xin N''!j*b' nnii^ iijii !t«3^< 
 n''j''"i3pj H'<ba n''D ox pni) idxi N*i'''b xi3p Nisni? \t)135j!5 
 n'nnjx njiv^ Nipi NiiD''n xai) xn^ ah) yi'''' x^ k-j'-xi x''^''!'3 
 Dx ''mm m'3 xrvui xjiti^x^ pnox p xin ''-iib' ni' 10x1 25 
 
11 CHALDEE TEXT. CH. VII. 
 
 Nnns 3Dni Tipsn iuni ^mpsn T-an nx nii) iiNai niij ion 
 nyaom NijjTi nT'ij' jd i'nnn nh^ '-jd bup ivai Ti^nt NnijJirD 
 "1DPN1 NJiJT N3''i' ya nov NJniJxa ijiyn lai )T\i''i6 pin n'-^i^ 
 •invn 131 obv'p nw'' xh pny Nini miD ar^) nm^b ninn niJ-iD 
 5 TipsxT xn^N mp JD pDm ijjni i^jvi Nonj? p idip nniij i'S)''Di' 
 pj3 n:iD Ti^Jini nnii' hyin pai nhidx i? ]m nTi'i^'a ])ybv 
 p nyp-isn nsi No^jn ndvd xvhd nin ^^ diin i'nnn xi" 
 : n''ib n-iE>i xn»''n-i nb p^^^n n''^''D n''3iD yati> na ; nt'B' 
 
 T 
 
 i^'-KK'i niTT'i vin noD nTi'' inatyxi D^jnajxa bn^^n nun li'yi 
 10 njiv^ ^NW"! 10S xniai? li'iii Nnu!? n^tri li'iy pni) ion rr-o^t^'i 
 I3D ruiy pni' n^''Ne' '■ns •'niai Nnitti!' ^''i'D pin -idi hdd nTinx 
 pnjJT'n pni) mos ^bnsli'^ iia2'<wo nwm xnutj* |d nb utik pnN 
 
 Nin N3N ''31D n''31D IJIN H''^ D^tJ'T mv^ fl^ IICX XJIHX U1D 
 
 ina i^NivT -iDN :i33i n^i" pi55':i reb fi''BJi nTnonp^ i^Nij;-! tarn 
 15 "rnvriNi i?? NTD''n ''mb ton n-itit njvsti t3''tj>pi isar nn nxi 131D 
 \-iinx nn .T'IidS' ^'nivt i''SJi JX''Jd sniiVDi xniiit luyi 'Nar "QJ 
 {jNiyn D33 ! \m^j? 133 nTiia mE>i rr-nnax njijii nnxiv bv n33i 
 nuiD 1DK lbs nb ij) inB>i ibsi it'E' pni) ijipriNi nn xian 
 !5''i'D nn^N^ ''i' nj''3n''i nijra mtj* by bH)v^ djj Isi^jd ^Naii' 
 20 3D xjjfTi n3 nniDl? i'xivi 3inN nuiia '■Djns ^Niyn oy I^nbt 
 "133 NDt^ip li) NjiDN D13 piH 133^' nrT- iMNia li? nfT- insi 
 i>i3t< iwi nnii) li'y n^ iy in^D pnbi pn3j nwK'i) nrT- ninn'' 
 nn^ \V2 3D i^Kivn t»N 5 ^i* njiirTTit iy i)i3''N n^ nnin -idn ^ntyi 
 N-nnix n3i'n3 mab i? n3\n^ |5j3i inns N\ni Nnins ns onN 
 
CH. VI. HISTOEY OF TOBIT. 10 
 
 Nmixi? piai iDij jipnx na n-''? m nni nniLii' •<y\ti sip ; nijcyi 
 Iia»y iT'^kI'd ni'tj*'-') o^t^i) tcni? parr' laT- ^''lotyi nh^jn ins ciy 
 rrb iiDNi niDsi5i nusi' [n]iaiD pt^'j : oi'B'i' tiaa'Ti^i pa mix ni'Vi 
 
 si) N3D i51DD UID^ m»N1 JT'DN 11331 IHD^ IpS^I ^^^^ ^'f 
 
 i'ly"! pis'- Kini n:'? sin iNiim na mis n^^d n^t^Dij sn^im 5 
 cii5E>3 pismn si) iniD ni) idn arbn siDJia saoi sb s:dip 
 prnn i^yi n'-mis ni'X''i n^oy i'T'' aD is^di ain'' Dl^B^ai bn" 
 
 j-'aaoi'D 15JJD1 tj^'B'a ainii htii 
 
 1 
 
 [Dn inai sa^Dia -pyn ^m ij? insi n'-oy ^jsaii a'hti b^a 
 ijasi sina [d in pi psj i^tj'ai ''li'j-i sartyD!? sinab nniD Dmi 10 
 n''J''p3B>n tib) »m T-ns tisai n''i5 i»s s'-i'ia niivi s''i'Di s»n^ 
 301 ysoa N3W ya ^nsi iT-^j ids snB'3''^ nipasi sju n'' E>Dni 
 Nnni NTiE^ nn nn n''ST snaa nip .i''J''d sitsps!' 3t3 sin nu''^' 
 Nivn pn3 fT'si pi^y niro nK'D''D^ sniiDi nijD ppiyii sntrn 
 NiniDi ijasi nas sjui smioi sa''!' aoji n'-aits p lay :pDnii 15 
 ■■ns n''3it3i> ^sai losi D''3n3JS3 insi no iy lijrsi sniiN3 paB> 
 noB'i sinl? sniiatJ' sin snia n'>h 3D 133 sim titi issiyi ay 
 dim Sim snnsij niin* smi inas^ i? n:''m^i ni!> id^si nit5> 
 tj'ijsi ID 3in3 131 SIDE' ni'nii sn3D snir^s smi s31d rh 
 i? nni \m iDia i?siyi 31D'' ah dus s:yi''i snain luy: 20 
 naM^ns smi n'-yDE' i5saii5 nniD ids ni^si? mm n^ibwi 
 nitfi saljD isiDE'si rr-yDB-i nniii' li'y vh iy in^Di pi3j ny3ti'i' 
 sasi snaiE' riMsi •':ybap'< sd^^i siitJ* p i»ini sjs tyai pnn'' ^^Dp 
 : pnniD3 p3n3pDi' sm3 si'i pin 13 \\rh n^b) b)mb S3iii3 [sdsi] 
 
9 CHALDBB TEXT. CH. V. . 
 
 ij) ^DijnajNn nTin wins ^k33 'djj xratyis win nmi ninms 
 priDN nuiD n^^j dn NiB'iDa D^jnajNi smtsa n^aa N'm t^jsi 
 
 5 Nmis njN li" pKi IDS? nnm x:n Jijm xix^ ^inxi nniiv ''!' 
 n^nacN 'nuNi) iini n'aiD iirx :in''m nj? wa^av «3n r^h 6n 
 jn^ND niNi nh snp ij't laits n^i" dj idj? inn NjnxD in laj 
 isrxi n'^ Nipi nimta psj py ^t-d^ xin to^nD as sin ndib' 
 VT-x noij lb cii'B' n^Ni laiD nnx ib oi't^' n^ij icxi uiD^j.i'Nan 
 
 lo X-13J1 sfDB> xjx pi'D h'^ xiaB"*! xmnj xjnn n!? n3xi xt ^i 'h 
 IJij) nxoxi? xni)x ijiai {^xst i»x xaiK'na a''3E' xjxi xjnn xi? 
 nx ''loi' inoi' ns na n^aiD ^aiD ir-ij lox t nx xn^on laj oiix 
 X3X xn^^B^ xiaa xj^iai n^^j nox tijx tn^Ji ni»j? in»i' ^la* 
 pTixD lij iin laiD ncx jxiUT- xnitji x'Dinni x^ijiae' xjo^am 
 
 15 "itra xix fT'i' ax i'xai idx na "iin nxi xmp mt5>i nx XDati* 
 xi> inx niD n^^ »x Tia 05? in^i xjnin xnaa tr^bi bn l^ya 
 -iDx nx xn^yir piixDi loty n* xDunpa yT-Di? xrasi ■-i'y oiyan 
 niD iDxi ^nxD nan n^oi'B'i xn^ao isx^an na nnty X3X niij 
 xn^vit yT'»i' xjiyai Ijjj ■•i'sj win ^ inx in^n xnv^tj'ai tspB'na 
 
 20 ya pin inji isxjjn n^oan xjxi xin xaD xniyito inx xni ijjin 
 bxiB'n xvixa xjaini ia ai'K'ni!' i»j) ppi'D tiini xan Tt<'(h^'^ 
 xnaa xniyito xjnx ivtai xjwxa pisix ijtj' vh\ fon loy pijoi 
 1-13^ niB* 1^)3101 x»ii b xpijja-ia tux lij tnxi nba hy nx 
 ainiJi Tia ay ^^x xaxn imin xi? ban xay : pax b laux ejini 
 
 MS. BJ. 2 Omission. 
 
CH. V. HISTOKY OF TOBIT. 8 
 
 t 
 
 in{j»j?N -\^y '•^ )nn ntrs bi ha apsin nmh pNi pns' vit'i 
 
 b Tian ''in nd^ivd saNnnns apyii pnsi omnNi m im •'ndip 
 ironN in^jj-in ^5''323 lanariNi pninsT njjiid j^b'J U'idj jiij's 5 
 an na* Nnnai N'-aaa lajj nif ^iji ^^^« n'' am na lyai : sj>-ik 
 x''K''iJB> NJnta nns tnyn n^ "JTmij i? ^jndii niaiy bi' laij 
 chv lani'iai ^Dy ntiin max rr-an n!? ^'" onp pmo N''ni n^N 
 ntj'p'' xi^i J1^5i'1l2■lyi5 an ntyiai'DDi •paaai' an noni'D anba i? 
 NaD Naijoij yDK*! psar nap isy iitJ'N inoni nbn^ na nrya 10 
 11)0 e'^j'-nI' n'-i' nnx nnimix ntj'ai Nini nn^N i'XB' it's; i>a3 
 113 na ji'iaE'nD »asT bi ana ni^T b ens xn^JN ]''nbti aD 
 ncy ■'SDa poy lyiiN na [Wi n3''V» pt^'' x^i ''iipai ''»is 'iDf* 
 01'' IT'VT' Nij ons n»a e'jn nipa i^Najn sTia nnpSNT pnaa 
 niD''V inn nj?jvai xain i^ao iDnj idtii i>mn '''^ mp jyai : tiid 15 
 
 :an iniy lij jn^ 
 
 !^ • 
 
 acoi? i'ia''N pna''N bx Tiavx 'jrripaT b ^^1aKi' n^aia nay 
 S3D''D nDi n^b diian x^ njni ■b a''an k^ Nim issan xt'd Nsoa 
 N^ noij ''j^'iavi smisi nsod n'' "li) irTii 'h pd\T'1 n''!' an''N 
 ''i? an'' n''J5)iD s<3»''D ni) pi na n''aiDi5 -i»ni ''aits aTis :wj)t 20 
 SD1'' jDi nn''a n'>i''mpai xaoa ti'-ict noa n^ij rr'an'' '■witsi 
 •in''i 10 iD''n» ^a3 tJ'ae'a na jyai jpjB* tntyy pT Nor nv sinn 
 paji iNaoa n'- aoi D''^p kjnt ny na i'''j nnjx n^^ an''3i loy 
 nIji d'-np NaK^D basn n* naa'Ni n''»y in'-T na: t^'i'^oi' n''aiD 
 
 Transposition and omission. 
 
7 CHALDEE TEXT. CH. IV. 
 
 'D-113 Dip tininm anb-i rhv xinn NDin t^iin N'TiD''n vocs 
 
 n'- uita ''S''B' nai' :nj''D ■-T'B't ns^'d ixintrs nsiyNh iru'^si' 
 5 13 NnnsT Nn''^''V» nnn: baivn ni mB>i n^nu^ nn nTiiiix 
 
 T 
 E>jn nip3 ^N2JT NT-l TipSNT KaD3 n* ''3112 131 NriKE'S n3 
 
 1-13 ni npiN n»D''^ ''K'bj -ni rr'i'Nti* nh niyb loxi iioi ns(in3 
 nns iiuits Nipi jniD^N n!? 15? nsdsi spoy n^i? yiiNi nuita 
 10 nyp2^T\ N^i iDiN ni ipiii ipn tii i3p niDix 13 113 rr<b idni 
 -iDiD b 31 on nh) Kn3ij)3 ppni i53 n^ 113^1 xniin idv b 
 :in Ni3p3 los? nni i3p xnia i3i ^i^p npiynx n»3 i31''n Nn»is 
 xiTiipan ^jy i3yn xh itinioi' i3vn n^ji isnin inba ''" iw hi") 
 awp iisyn on mix Piiun n3j av nnn ^i'l idv b snpiv i^sy 
 
 15 snpIV liSy 1D33D 113 ! pmiD NHpIV i13y bl ih ^3 nij 3D 
 
 IV 113 .7210 ii''n3i3B> nD3i i6 nrbti'\ ^on 133 jd loann t6'\ 
 Niniy 131D pnino nxi ii3v snpis i33;Di' nm N^av nisi 
 D113 mpn 3D 'pnaiii xnpiv myn asi 11033 nspni unp'Ti r2v 
 *H2wn nniDij moij pntyn xi'i xniD p nitie'd nm dun Nnnn 
 20 MnsnciN N^ X3nn3« kSt n^nin anpni ni? 113^1 )nd fjoi Nn3D 
 ityx jyD^ vnyii 13 E>iaD N3n3 njux dni3N3 xnpis3 iinijiN 
 n3 pnsia Dat^Di npiv r\)^b i:i innx inu nNi 1133 ns nivi 
 
 ' Chapter iv in the Hebrew translation. ^ Omission.' 
 
 ^ For pnSi)n=viTo6riKri. * Omission. ^ MS. inantJ'ix. 
 
CH. III. HISTORY OF TOBIT. 6 
 
 nnh N^aB*^ ^s3n* nnan^i Tiipao N:nvKi imp xnn '•xnnnNi 
 
 T-nj? N'ljD Tiona cna ixiina i»5> bioan n^ dib'p irii pti'itu 
 Nnm ni33DD3 i'-hd iniD ii> nn ciinx ■■nt' p ie'sj isnpi loy 5 
 
 WIN b niiN3 E'jiN rhv b]! n^ji inyx^ pinu nyats'^ na^nTiNT 
 b miN3 nijy \)bv'^ ab 15? finn'' i^^ap niB'T nd^d ^N^otj-N diix 
 ijitsD T'^'-i N1-131J ni n^DpT N\n nax nn»N niij m»N nvin 1° 
 pnni np^D njNT ib bav mb ]mK> im pnnij nv:i^b na'-n'msT 
 vni nIji p3''n irriDi no^ n^N niDTn '■xi^ nbapi Nnnij ijnai 
 pi5iN N''i'''D n-iE' nj?»{5' 13 mm to^jy^ xma n^ji Nna xIj ijd 
 no-ij ai^sD^ raxi Nnnxi Nn''i'''v^ np-ho) nam ■>jd nv^Nnx 
 
 a^soij 3D 'i" JT-^ 13 ijIDD 'ijINE*^ Nillll NnUNT Nn3iE!> Nnnsh i5 
 
 NJi-iya 5 fjin NmD''n jjdk'n xiji xni^N Dip nxi's^ ■'b 3D 013 id-i) 
 D'nbx '" riN T^^ n""2N piai arhtx Dip i^S3 nhT' nons nnih 
 
 I13iy b n:i313i N"'Di'V i>33 E'lSDI Iti^p ClB' 1^31 N33m N3Dm 
 
 iniii' ■'Wri ''NSN rfDi-iN pip '11 IJJ31 pD^jy •-d^jj!''! ai^vi' Ti' 
 '" iDip i^jj mv ''NiiDin yDB'N xh insj?!' 31:1x1 i»ix pi^ri 20 
 
 N3N1 NDB* IT'I ^iNDB' Mi nniND N^l 133 n3X1D ^JSK) N3N Ni311 
 
 ab) ninionx miDi? i3 r(<b n-'bi ti2tib njx niim .inunin jnx3 
 iiDi pi3M iiy3B' 1J1J3 WD nm nii) ijjiinb'i 11 niij n''N 3iip 
 abi ''mbv Din Tii i'Dp''D!' loip 3D ni^ nxi "n fiin ■<b itn 
 
 ' Omission. ^ MS. K''DE'. 
 
5 CHALDEE TEXT. CHS. II, HI- 
 
 1 
 
 iTi'' 131 an tii'2D''iN ppnN ^ivnt^'i wn nd» la nini 
 jD N''J3DD wnsD ''b ''n"'''Ni ij'-r nna nuiDi? dn Nnina ^y 
 
 . ni3iD bm nn«D iv i^j pnoN n:ki timv bvab arhtu ifbm 
 VDe* 131 ■'nuxi' 'ini NmiN2 n»-i i'''Dp nn ki3J naK'Ki 
 5 Nairn t» 'i''^'23i i'tNi b^K nbt Nuna p Dp p '•aiD 
 am nnapDij ^lan nb'ob' ^jj^a iy ^n'-a nna n''i'yNi NmpT 
 Nja D''''pniNT Ml lesi xainai Ni^''to n'ronb i^aNi nTi'ia^ 
 NK'tt'-B' iijj lai tNini? wi n^aa toai ijas*^ Win '■naani 
 n^K'sj p ^'m jn n-'b pnDNi nii^jj f^na '-nianpi nnapi ijrN 
 
 10 by aasyi nh'-d id bo nIj niph N''i5''bi intiid lap Nini 
 siriiaa •'mbv tiB''''p pssn vT" n^i P'i'J ^^1a^<1 Ni^nia idd n^oiy 
 b'^ia nin -iBvi laif iiai n'lyya n^j'-n nini ^niry i^y t'i'"'J^i'<i^» i'aji 
 ''onD''Ni ny ''irya H-\m ■'jdn n^n ''orr'N sh •'U^y nxDxb 'n'-'dn^ 
 np''pNi n-i^y pa-isy iin 'nianpi \ninN iiai ]>m yaiN ni»d mm 
 
 15 NHTay may mn nTinx nan psijo pov!? tmrr' Diiao mn 
 p'-yt N^j yoB* mm nnas pn nn k^ij nii? lan'i Nn":nin ^'^''^b 
 mn'' mnx sin a'jj NDi^i pin niij ^i? t^D nn' bam xniaa 
 Nnaijj ID '<m'<b nTi'' nay Nna''33 p b''Di' Niij lE'a n^i nnoi? 
 n''»y KX31 Nn^iD^ laiD pDsn nb) mnbup ini* naiy ij^a ma 
 
 20 73bpi nniian laio is mi? m»Ni mnnjN nsn nay .n''1j i)y 
 
 .•xljiab ''i'jnN 
 
 ^ pnai n''B'aj npya r\iib)sb sid saai ■'JD pij^nN uia yDtj* na 
 tawpi ia''D in mix bs) xmiaj Tiaiy bai xai nh^'n ns ■'xat idn 
 
 » MS. N^iDsb. '^ ¥S. inai. 
 
CH. I. HISTORY OF TOBIT. 4 
 
 paxDD iin \nninpi \-nnN bi xnan xnip mm ani '•aiQ "'^nK'N 
 ID i'''ni mm b^tx i6 Nini niddj; ''ja p aarh j^bxi )'in''!J'S3 
 Niom mn arha n'<'? am ni i)j?i 'ma^ ba nTi'- D''n-ii xni^x 
 .T'i' mm no b bv n^i n'-n'' i:»i mnsT sJpa nvwD^tj' lyya 
 napT ■'ninx ba^n Nin T-pax xjon N^nnai jhtiid dv tv s 
 .iTiD niti ''DV31 ;fiD3i piaa ik'v t^ji nipa ^dt xynsa nunp 
 
 13J? nnnJD ''Dim tij^nji nt-d niBoa 2D3 xh xni'nn Ijidd 
 px^^D-iy tJ'uijDi p»nii pa3 pn mm N^a'-cni' t^iJD put uid i° 
 mn ''KiimT smixn idt ab^ap >m mn nai ijd xidh iiicj mni 
 rn Piipra mrai' ism rmrnD pss nin'-aa nnmo an i3i snii' -cap 
 pnn^na nim '■ao pnjD i^tspi -iidnt nsjinii N''Dn''ti> ik^jj ijy 
 Dpi n'bv t5'iN3 •'JD pna uia ndh la lup n^!?! Nnmsa piai 
 Nin won ! ^mo ]'':m lay pnai pnn'' inpi pnnjs ajji N''i'''^3 15 
 i!53Ki mrs ''t^'JN i^TNi pnn'' hob's n^i ^''^''tjp ^ija a''in3D van 
 VOB' 13 n'i'DpDi' xai'D T'pa pnn'' lapi ''aiDn Nai'»i' n''STip 
 ntJ'Dn n''»pD noD''Ni n''n''a n'' t'i'{j'''ioi' Na^D T'pa! pnvi ' Qp ''aiD 
 prsi Ninna n''3i!'t5p Nnija nsNitJ'i nljomsi ny p»i'' pyan'si 
 piniDN Na^o ''j»i n''ninn mia pimox ibi2) iinp int6 iamB'''N 20 
 ninsi NV1N ijaa D^i'tri n''h b ^j; xan ^^1^N ^ndh na ip''Pk!' 
 mi'<ib n''3''anNi n''j''D xyai sai'Di' ''aiD i)!? pan pi'D "ip"?!)? i'''^oi 
 nin n''^ iTinN NNnn ^njuxai n''ai"ipi n''D''n-i -^p^pa mm ^idd 
 
 :n''na n'laim n''nn''N 
 
 So MS., and also on p. 9, 1. 22. 
 
I CHALDEE TEXT. 
 
 •:• rT-nita n^Dya •:• 
 
 U3 5? xntyia apjc nv-i nv\s nnm nan B>moi aina Kini 
 ■iCT nt^D mb ta iron "iE>y .i^j ijiton "IK'S? ''i' t"" ""^^ ^^'i 
 ijiB>5JN nro ''^ tnri "^^^ ^2'' ^i* ^PS''' pi "^"^^vri ds i^nn main 
 niara no n«n un ijanae'- ica ■'b jnnE' niana niyy ni? 
 
 5 ii? MItWN 
 
 ■"iriBn aa^^'o 5ni31d la ''aiD it'ob'i kT'DH ina nin siaiv 
 Nrnp ''aK'na a''n'' nini iiriKT nd^d ixnjd^e' ''Ova •'ana'KT 
 lav iK^JD tiian wpn xmiNa ■'aiD T^n 'i^^^ ^^i N^''i'm"'i'ns3i 
 nin nai .iiriNi Nynxa nwia Nnil^ja n''i2j? nm niDi?h \TinNi' 
 
 10 lyjDi nm Nnia^»3 mo ■'irisn Ntaaa^ bs ^nik'ii Kyisa ni^jq 
 i'sncn NaisD DyaT- layn N'i'jyi' pnaT iini ubmi'^b po'-oi' |in''Dnj 
 ntta xnuiK) ^jota Di'B'iT'i' ijrN '-nninb Nini n^i ^^« "''^a 
 Nnitynasi sniaa pn'? ^'•aiD mm ntJ>Di Nnnis nsoa ainan 
 mi) vm ^ND nni nn ^jab ■'Nvi'^i Ni:na^ pnij aNnii ^?nB>J)!^1 
 
 IS inai no 1533 a'n'-i ^las nin N^jy niwi:!! nj^JO niis'vdi 
 miai n'Ti'' nam '■maxD ndjt' iNntyN lain pni na'Di Nnaoa 
 3Di 133 nin nai ^?t2''t^•p Nniix3 n''n3iiN nmi ^m3^?'^ max 
 13 jnuiD n*»t:> Nipi na n^ij ni^^ii njn nDB»i nniyitD Nnnx 
 
 A 2 
 
noiD nti^j7D 
 
 IN 
 
 t'mc3 nsD