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TRANSCRIPTS 
 
 FROM THE 
 
 iHunicipal 
 ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 
 
TRANSCRIPTS 
 
 rEOM THE 
 
 JHuttttipal 
 ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTER, 
 
 AND OTHER DOCUMENTS, 
 
 BLUOIDATIKG THE 
 
 iotemeni, PaiiMs, anir Customs 
 
 OF THE SAME CITY, 
 FKOM THE THIETEENTH CENTUKT TO THE PRESENT PERIOD. 
 
 CHARLES BAILEY, 
 
 TOWN CLERK. 
 
 WINCHESTER: 
 
 HUGH BARCLAY, HIGH 8TEEET. 
 
 LOHDOB : 
 
 J. H. &. J. PARKER, 377, STRAOT). 
 
 MDOCCLVI. 
 
 S 
 
Ms-c^ooji 
 
 WINCHBSXBE : 
 PRINTED BY HUGH BARCj:.Ay, 
 HIGH SIPSEET. , - 
 
TO- 
 
 CHARLES WRIGHT, ESQ., MAYOR, 
 
 ALDERMEN, COUNCILLORS, AND CITIZENS OP WINCHESTER, 
 THE FOLLOWING 
 
 '2Cranscrtpt8 from tibe IRecorJjs of tge saftf ©ttg, 
 
 AND OTHER DOCUMENTS, 
 
 ELUCIDATING THE GOVERNMENT, MANNERS, CUSTOMS, AND 
 
 DOMESTIC LEGISLATION OP THE SAME, 
 
 FKOM 
 
 THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY TO THE PRESENT PERIOD, 
 
 ARE RESPECTFULLY INSCRIBED, 
 BY THEIR 
 OBEDIENT AND FAITHFUL SERVANT, 
 
 CHAELES BAILEY, 
 
 town clekk. 
 
 Winchester, Nov. 1, 1856. 
 
INTEODUCTION. 
 
 Having obtained the sanction of the Town Council 
 to publish the manuscripts entrusted to my care and 
 responsibility as Town Clerk of this ancient and 
 celebrated city for a period now exceeding twenty- 
 two years, I gladly avail myself of this permission 
 to unfold to my fellow-citizens some of the ordinances 
 and enactments that for several centuries have regu- 
 lated the domestic legislation and government of 
 Winchester ; which will enable them to become better 
 acquainted with the history and feelings of our pre- 
 decessors, and to appreciate the principle and cha- 
 racter of men who, during their time and generation, 
 sustained with high honour and rectitude the privileges 
 received from their ancestors, and left unimpaired, to 
 their successors, the long-established reputation of 
 this city being a well-governed, godly, and peaceful 
 community. 
 
 It may, perhaps, on the perusal of these documents, 
 
VI INTIIOD0CTION. 
 
 excite surprise that a city so advanced in learning 
 and civilisation should not have retained more ancient 
 muniments, which might have elucidated the domestic 
 government, and confirmed the chronicles, so largely 
 associated with the early history of our country; but 
 it is well explained by many historians, particularly 
 Milner, that a fire broke out in the year 1181, in the 
 centre of the city, which destroyed the Royal Palace, 
 the Mint, the Guildhall, with most of the City Records, 
 and a great portion of the houses belonging to the 
 inhabitants. The other losses were gradually repaired ; 
 but that of the Charters and Records of a city so 
 ancient and highly dignified, at a time when it was 
 not customary to multiply copies of such documents, 
 was absolutely and irreparably a national loss. 
 
 WlNOHESTEK, 
 
 Not. 1, 1856. 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 PAdE 
 
 iNTEODUCTIOlSr V 
 
 The Chabter of Incorpokation 1 
 
 The Ballot . 31 
 
 Incorporation of Mysteries, Guilds, and Frater- 
 nities . . . 33 
 
 Recorder 60 
 
 Observance of the Sabbath, and Processions on 
 
 Holt Days 66 
 
 Amusements and Pastimes op our Forefathers . 74 
 
 New Tear's and other Gifts 80 
 
 The Depressed Condition and Loyalty of Win- 
 chester ... 82 
 
 The Plague 91 
 
 Watching, Paving, Lighting, &c. . . . . 122 
 
 Prices of Provisions 131 
 
 The Christening of Prince Abthur . . . . 135 
 
 The Marriage of Philip and Mary . . . 142 
 The Surrender of the City and Castle to Oliver 
 
 Cromwell 147 
 
 Royal Visits 151 
 
 Miscellaneous . 170 
 
TRANSCRIPTS 
 
 FKOM THE 
 
 ARCHIYES OF WINCHESTER. 
 
 THE CHAETEE OF ESTCOEPOEATION. 
 
 Henry II. and King John conferred upon this city all 
 the unprecedented privileges of a Corporation, by virtue 
 of which it became, in a certain sense', " a little inde- 
 pendent state in the heart of the kingdom;" the chief 
 citizens electing their own magistrates, and framing 
 laws for their own government. Thus the Guild of 
 Winchester, it is believed, became the first corporation 
 in the kingdom, with full power of conveying their 
 wares and merchandise, toll free, throughout the king- 
 dom ; making their own commercial laws ; and taxing 
 all artificers and strangers within their jurisdiction; 
 for, by the said charter, it is recited, " That all the 
 " citizens of Winchester shall be free from all toll, pas- 
 " sage, duty, and custom throughout the land, and that 
 
 B 
 
'J TEANSCEIPTS FROM 
 
 " none presume to distrust them in any of these things, 
 " or to do them any injury or insult." And the fol- 
 lowing extract will exemplify how tenaciously these 
 privileges were appreciated by our ancestors ; for, in 
 the tenth year of the reign of Henry IV., in consequence 
 of a complaint having been made by the citizens of 
 Winchester against the city of London for distraining 
 freemen of the former place on selling their merchandise 
 in London, for non-payment of toll, 
 
 It is entred in the chamber of the GruUde of the eyte of 
 London, in the tyme of Drewgh Barantyne, Mayor of the same 
 citie, in the tenthe yere of the Eaigne of King Harry the iiij"^, 
 after the conquest, in the booke H. : — 
 
 That the S"" daye of November, in the S"" yere of the Eaigne 
 of Harry the uij"", after the conquest, Ther came here before 
 Drewghe Barantyne, Mayor,- and thalderme of the citie of 
 London, Mark le faire, maior, WiUiam Wodd, recorder, and 
 WUlia Archer, one of the bayliffs of the citie of Winchester, as 
 weU for them selfs as for the citie of the GuUde merchant of the 
 same cytie of Winchester, grevouslye co^playni^ge howe that 
 th officers of the Shereife of the cytie of london aforesayd had ' 
 distrayned the fre men of the Guilde aforesayd for there goods 
 bought in the sayd cytie for the custome of two shillings of 
 every carte to be payed, to there great hurt and damage, and 
 contrary to the composition made betwene the Mayor, Aldermen, 
 and Cominaltie of the citie of london aforesayd, and the Mayor 
 and the Cominaltie of the citie of Winchester aforesayd,' in the 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 3 
 
 4* yere of the Raigne of Kinge Edwarde the Sonne of Kinge 
 Harrye, assemblinge then to gether John Bolonde, then maior of 
 london, William De leyre, John De Wangrave, Thomas Komayne, 
 Walt' of Fynchingefelde, as in the booke w' the letter " C," in 
 the LXXXj leaflPe it is contayned, The tenor of whiehe compo- 
 sition folowethe in theis words : — 
 
 " The Mondaye next before the feaste of th annunciation of 
 o' ladye the virgin, in the XXXii"* yere of the Eaigne of Kinge 
 Edwarde the sonne of Kinge Harrye, Assemblinge then together 
 John Boland, then mayor of london, Willia" De leyre, John De 
 Wangrave, Thomas Romayne, Walt' of Finchingefelde, Eichard 
 of glocit', Nycholas of Farandon, John of Donstaple, Nicholas 
 Picot, Thomas Selye, Hugh Pourte, Aldermen, and John of 
 Burforthe, Shereffe, and other citizens, for them and for the 
 cominaltie of the cytie of London; and Roger De Inkepen, 
 then Mayor of the cytie of Winchester, and John De Kyrkebye, 
 his concytizen, for them and thecomynaltie of the cytie afore- 
 sayd, to treat upon certain contencions betwene them, moved 
 for dy verse customes of the cytizens of Winchester by the 
 bayliffs of London in London taken. There reasons on bothe 
 parts beinge pposed, the contencion aforesayd ceassyd in man' 
 ■ and forme folowinge, — That is to saye, that all the cytizens of 
 Winchester of there Guilde of Marchaunts be quiet in the citie 
 of London of poundage, murage, and pannage, and other 
 customes whatsoever they be, of their mauchandise to be takin, 
 except tonnage of wolle of olde tyme payed : that is to saye, of 
 the first Sacke six pence, and of evri other sacke folowinge 5% 
 And except the customes of lether and lames Skynnes, and 
 
4: TEANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 leikwyse the customes to be takin in the Eyol bank, of whome 
 they cannot be quiet. And yet the layethe there elayme there- 
 unto. And that all the citizens of London be quiet frome all 
 customes w''in the citie of Winchester, as well of pantage, 
 pannage, murage, and other customes, and all man' of toll. 
 
 " And for a ppetual memorye of this thinge, This compo- 
 sition was InroUed in the paper of the Guilde of London in the 
 presence of the foresayd Mayor, Aldermen, and Citizens, 
 Desyringe them and there Successors y' Citizens of the cytie of 
 Winchestre aforesayd to be discharged of the payment of the 
 customes aforesayd, for the causes aforesayd, as they were before 
 discharged, as aperithe in the composition aforesayd : And 
 theruppon the sayd maior and aldermen of the cytie of London 
 takinge advisament betwene themselfs, and lokinge uppon the 
 composition aforesayd, Dyd decre and geve sentence that the 
 distresses, if any were takin of the citizens of the citie of 
 Winchester aforesayd of ther Guilde of marchants by the 
 Shireffe of the citie of London contrary to the composition 
 aforesayd, sholde be restored againe. And that the sayd 
 cytizens of the Guilde of the m'ehants of Winchester shold not 
 frome thensforthe be distrayned by the mynisters of the Shireffe 
 of the cytie of London contrarie to the forme of the compo- 
 sition aforesayd: Except that padventure a reasonable cause 
 maye be fownde by the maior of London nowe beinge, or any 
 of his Successors, or by any in there name, that the sayd 
 cytizens of Winchester ought to paye the customes for the wh*" 
 as aforesayd thei were Distrayned, so trustinge that if padven- 
 ture suche matter by the maior of London aforesayd for the 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 5 
 
 tyme beinge may be fownde wherbye the sayd citizens of 
 Winchester ought to be distrayned for payment of the customes 
 aforesayd, a dew and lawfull warninge be geven therof to the 
 citizens of Winchester aforesayd to come to the citie of London 
 to shewe then and there if thei have or can shewe anye thinge 
 for them selfs wherfor thei ought not to paye the customes 
 aforesayd to the shireffe of London, or to there ministers for the 
 tyme beinge; and if the sayde citizens of Winchester aforsayd 
 when thei come cannot shewe reasonable cause wherfor thei 
 ought not to paye the sayd customes to the Shireffe of London 
 or to there mynisters. Then the sayd cytizens of Winchestre 
 and there Successors of the Guilde aforesayd, if thei be dis- 
 trayned by Shireffe of the cytie of London or there mynisters 
 for the tyme beinge to make payment of the customes aforesayd, 
 thei shal be compellyed to paye the same, Or els the citizens of 
 the cytie of Winchester of there GruUde aforesayd and there 
 Successors shal be discharged and quiet of the payment of the 
 sayd customes." 
 
 [For suche as againe say the charter, usage, or custome of 
 the libtie of the cytye.] 
 
 First. To the honor of ahnighti god, o' holie mother the 
 church, and of o' soveryne Lorde the Kinge, and to the relieffe 
 of th citie, there is a provision and consideration made wh 
 begnthe in this wise : — 
 
 Before this tyme the wole cominaltie hathe by there corporall 
 othe made w'*" one hart, one mynde, and one assent, bounde 
 themselfs by aU there goods and catells, moveable and un- 
 movable, wereso'" thei be, that if it chance onye of them, 
 
6 TBANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 w*" god forbide, to againe say any article touchinge the 
 charter, usage, or custome of the libertie of the cytie, or the 
 comon pffytt of the same, by councell or helpe, privilye or 
 openlye, in tyme to come, whn he shall be thereof convinced he 
 shall give ten markes to the comon assayers of the cytie, wh^ 
 shall be employed to supplie the cmon necessities when nede 
 shall require. And if he be not of habilitie to redeeme the 
 trespas w' the payment of the ten markes, he shall be expellyd 
 frome the feloshpe and the libirtie, nother for any o"" redemption 
 shall be reconsiled, except it be by a cmon consent. And if it 
 ohaunce any man so beinge reconsiled to offend againe, he shall 
 by no means be admitted into the copany and feloshpe againe. 
 Iff any pson or any psons be grevid by any man by occasion 
 of thys pyision, all and singular of the wole cominaltie shaU 
 sustayne the coste and charge, and shall keepe him harmless to 
 the hutermost of there power. 
 
 It will be found from time to time that most illus- 
 trious persons of the land, including even the reigning 
 Monarchs of the day, were willing to have their names 
 enrolled in this ancient Corporation, as will be seen 
 from the following extracts : — 
 
 Sept' 1st, 1682. 
 
 Ths. Coward, Maior. Jo. Warner. 
 
 Ki. Harris, Kecorder. , Edm. Fifeilde. 
 WiU. Taylor. Tho. Wavell. 
 
 Anthy. Yalden. M. Cradock. 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 7 
 
 This day our Gratious Soveraigne Lord King Charles 
 the 2"* was pleased to condescend to be entered to be a member 
 of this Corporation, and is entered accordingly to be free of the 
 Gruild of Merchants of this Citty. 
 
 This day, likewise, His Eoyall Highnesse James, Duke of 
 Torke, was pleased to condescend to be entered a member of 
 tMs Corporation, and is entered accordingly free of the Guild of 
 Merchants of this Citty. 
 
 We now come to a more recent date ; and observe 
 that, on the visit of Queen Anne to this city, her illus- 
 trious Consort was also elected a Freeman. 
 
 The Nine and Twentieth day of August, 1705. 
 
 This day our most gracious Queen's Consort, His Eoyal 
 Highness Prince George of Denmark, &c., was pleased to do 
 :his city the honour to be made a Citizen Freeman, and one of 
 the Guild of Merchants of this city, and accepted the said 
 Freedom accordingly by the Grant undermentioned ; and as a 
 mark of his Eoyal favour to this city, presented the officers 
 thereof, viz., the Town Clerk with Ten Guineas, and the four 
 Sergeants at Mace with Ten Guineas. 
 
 To all to whom these presents shall come. 
 
 We the Mayor, Bailiffs,, and Commonalty of the. City of 
 
 Winchester, in the County of Southampton, send greeting :■ — 
 
 Know ye, that we the said Mayor, Bailiffs, and Commonalty, for 
 
 and out of the great honour, service, and profound respect 
 
TKANSCEIPTS FEOM 
 
 which we sincerely profess and have for our most Gracious 
 Queen's Consort His Eoyal Highness Prince George of Den- 
 mark, Duke of Cumberland, Lord High Admiral of England 
 and Ireland, &c., and of all Her Majesty's Plantations, &c., an4 
 Generalissimo of all Her Majesty's Forces, &c., have given and 
 granted, and in and by these Presents do give and grant unto 
 His said Eoyal Highness the Freedoms, Eights, Franchises, 
 Liberties, and Privileges of a Citizen, Freeman, and of one of 
 the Gmld of Merchants of this City. In testimony whereof we 
 the said Mayor, BaiMs, and Commonalty have caused the 
 Common Seal of this City to be hereunto affixed, the nine ani 
 twentieth day of August, in the Fourth year of the Eeign of 
 Our Sovereign Lady Anne, by the grace of God of Englandj 
 Scotland, France, and Ireland Queen, Defender of the Faith, &( 
 Anno Domini 1,705. 
 
 And though last, not least, the venerable Warrior anc 
 Statesman, the Duke of Wellington, was enrolled a 
 Freeman by the following entry, viz. : — 
 
 1st March, 1821. 
 
 Agreed and ordered at and by this Assembly, that His 
 Grace Arthur, Duke of Wellington, be presented on Monday 
 next with the Freedom of this City, as a mark of the high 
 estimation in which His Grace is held by this Corporation for 
 his glorious and heroic achievements in the battles of his country 
 during the late war, and that he be called to the Bench. 
 
THE AECHIVBS OF WINCHESTER. 9 
 
 It was customary for the Arms of Noblemen and 
 Freemen to be displayed on the gates of the city, as we 
 find from the following entry : — 
 
 22* March, 1661. 
 
 It was also agreed at this assembly that the several Coats of 
 Arms of the several persons of great honor following shall be 
 set upon the several Gates of this City, -viz. : — 
 
 The E*. Honble. the Duke of Somerset's on the West Gate. 
 The E'. Honble. the Duke of Albemarle's on the East 
 
 Gate. 
 The E'. Honble. the Lord Marquis of Winchester's on the 
 
 North Gate. 
 The E'. Honble. the Lord of Southampton, Lord High 
 
 Treasurer, on the South Gate. 
 
 It may be interesting to know that Northgate 
 and Southgate continued to exist till 1771, when 
 they were directed to be taken down by the following 
 ordinance, viz.: — 
 
 Whereas Northgate and Southgate, belonging to this Corpo- 
 ration, have been a long time complained of as detrimental to 
 the public in general, and to the inhabitants of this city in 
 particular, from the lowness of the structure of the arches of 
 the said gates, whereby a Tun of Hay and a Load of Straw 
 can not be brought in or out of the city through the said gates 
 
10 TEANSCKIPTS FBOM 
 
 without a great diminution thereof, to the apparent loss of the 
 buyer of these comodities. And it likewise has been represented 
 to the Mayor and Aldermen, that from the great resort of 
 carriages passing and re-passing through the said gates, Foot 
 passengers have not only been interrupted by carriages, but have 
 been in danger of their lives in attempting to go through the 
 said gates when carriages have been passing the said gates, and 
 especially over Northgate Bridge. It is therefore agreed and 
 ordered, at and by this assembly, that the said two gates be 
 immediately taken down, and the materials thereof sold; and 
 that a compleat footway be made and added to Northgate 
 Bridge, under the direction of the present Mayor, and by such 
 workmen as he shall appoint, both in respect to the pulling 
 down of the said gates, and of making an additional footway to 
 Northgate Bridge. 
 
 We must now advert to the determination with which 
 opr ancestors adhered to the Constitution, and vindi- 
 cated the rights and principles of their Charter. In full 
 support of this assertion we will detail the following 
 particulars : — 
 
 It appears that one Edward Harfell was very desirous 
 of being admitted into the Corporation of Winchester, 
 and applied to the Mayor to convene a meeting for that 
 purpose, and also to raise him to the Bench. The Mayor, 
 being favourable to his election, called a meeting, and 
 proposed him accordingly. The custom was, that no 
 
THE ARCHIVES OP WINCHESTER. 11 
 
 person should be admitted into the freedom of the 
 city, or called to the Bench, without the consent of 
 the major part of the Aldermen at the meeting. The 
 Mayor, Recorder, and one Alderman were in favour of 
 Harfell's nomination, and five Aldermen opposed to it ; 
 consequently the election, according to the charter, was 
 null and void. The Mayor, determined not to be 
 defeated — although in direct violation of the charter 
 and the solemn oath he had taken — not only petitioned 
 the King himself, but persuaded Harfell to do the same, 
 in order to induce the Monarch to issue a letter 
 mandatory for the admission of the latter into the 
 Corporation. 
 
 The following are copies of the protestation of the 
 major part of the Aldermen against this election, as well 
 as the petitions alluded to, the latter containing many 
 palpable falsehoods; but they had the intended eflFect, 
 and a mandatory letter was issued accordingly for Har- 
 fell's admission, the King probably induced by political 
 feeling, the petitioner having expressed himself as 
 faithful and loyal to his Majesty, and a true son of the 
 Church, and promised thereafter to serve his Majesty 
 by using his influence in the choice of burgesses to sit 
 in Parliament. 
 
12 TBANSCEIPTS FROM 
 
 Sept' 38* 1682. 
 
 The Protestation of the major part of the Aldermen 
 present in Councell Howse against Mr. Coward's ad- 
 mission of Mr. Edward Harfell to the Freedome of 
 the Citie. 
 
 Whereas Thomas Coward, Esq'., the present Maior of this 
 citie, having sumoned us whose names are hereunder written, 
 together with others his brethren. Aldermen of the s* citie, to 
 meet him at the Guildhall of the sayd citie the day and yere 
 above written, when and where the sayd Mr. Coward did cause 
 to be read his Ma"'* letters mandatory, directed to the Maior, 
 Eecorder, and Aldermen of the said citie, for the admission of 
 Mr. Edward Harfell to the freedome of the same, and forthwith 
 (after such admission) to call him to the Bench. 
 
 Wee, the major part of the Aldermen, desired the deferring 
 of his admission for some short time, till we could make our 
 addresses to his Ma"' and shew our reasons to the contrary. 
 Wee then, telling Mr. Coward, the Maior, that we did believe 
 matters had bin misrepresented to his Ma"', neverthelesse 
 Mr. Coward, the Mayor, putt it to the vote whether the sayd 
 Mr. Harfell should be imediately admitted or not, and there 
 were only the Maior, Eecorder, and ' one Alderman of the 
 affirmative, and we five Aldermen of the negative ; upon which 
 wee, finding the Maior would notwithstanding admitt the sayd 
 Mr. Harfell to the freedome, did, in the name of ourselves and 
 the greatest part of the Corporacon, protest against the intended 
 irregular proceedings of the Maior, and imediately departed. 
 
THE ABCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 13 
 
 After which (as we have heaxd) the Maior did take upon him to 
 sweare the sayd Mr. Harfell into the freedome of the sayd citie, 
 and called him. to the Bench : this manner of admission being 
 without precedent, to the manifest violation and breach of the 
 antient customes, rights, and privileges of this citie, tending to 
 the subvertion of the goverment therof, and to the iU example 
 of posterity. 
 
 Anths". Talden, Mayo'. Tho. Wavell. 
 
 Edm'*. Fifeild. Jo. Warner. 
 
 Wm. Taylor. 
 
 ll"" Oct', 1682. 
 
 A Copie of that Paper which was shewne to his Ma*'" 
 when att Winton, September 1^', Anno D". 1682, 
 Giving an Account of oiu' Proceedings at the Pro- 
 posall of Mr. Edward Harfell to be a Freeman ; to 
 which his Ma"° was graciously pleased to answere he 
 would leave us to the Customes and Privileges of our 
 Citie. 
 Whereas by sev'aU ordinances of this citie and the customes 
 thereof. It hath bin time out of minde that noe Maior should 
 make any person free of this citie, or call him to the honor of 
 the Bench, without the consent of the Major part of the Alder- 
 men, Mr. Thomas Coward (our present Maior) hath and doth yet 
 endeavor to bring in one Mr. Harfell to be free of this citie, 
 and called to the Bench in despight of us his brethren, but when 
 putt to the vote (as it is our custome when we. cannot agree on a 
 
14 TRANSCRIPTS PROM 
 
 thing in debate) the Proposal! was carried in the negative: 
 whereupon Mr. Maior hath bin pleased to sumon the opponents 
 to appeare before his Ma"*", there to give their reasons why they 
 did not concur with him in that proposall ; and this sumons he 
 hath given, not from any order from his Ma"° or from, any of his 
 Courts, but of his owne obstinate perverse will and contrivance ; 
 a thing never practised before in this citie. Therefore we 
 humbly hope that his Ma"" will not impose him upon us, but 
 that he will be pleased to leave us to our antient Privileges and 
 Customes. 
 
 To the King's Most Excellent Majesty. 
 
 The Humble Petition of Edward Harfell, of the City of 
 Winchester, Gent., 
 
 Sheweth, 
 
 That whereas yo' Petitioner's Pather in the late 
 time of the usurped power was a comission officer in Service of 
 your Ma''™ Eoyall Father (of ever blessed memory), wherein he 
 behaved himselfe valarously and faythfuUy both at home and 
 abroad, and was much a sufferer for such his loyalty, being 
 under sequestracon severall yeares ; by whose good example and 
 ingenious education of him yo'' Petitioner hath allwayes been 
 faythfull and loyall to yo' Ma''' and a true Sone of the Church. 
 
 Now soe it is, may it please yo' Excellent Ma'^, That 
 whereas Thomas Coward, Esq'', the present Maior of Winchester, 
 had oftentimes desired your Petitioner to be called to the Bench 
 
THE ARCHIVES OP WINCHESTER. 15 
 
 and become an assistant to him as a Member of that Corporaeon, 
 yo"' Petitioner thereto assenting, he the sayd Maior did propose 
 yo' Petitioner in Counsell house to the Eecorder and Aldermen, 
 his brethren, to that purpose (according to an antient custome 
 not usually denyed the Maior for the time being). Tet severaU 
 Aldermen there present, being Tradsmen, without any objection 
 shewed, opposed the admittance of your Petitioner, notwith- 
 standing the Maior, Eecorder, and severaU loyall Aldermen gave 
 their Yotes for yo' Petitioner : Whereupon the sayd Maior 
 sumoned them by distinct notes before yo' M^*^ at Wiaton ; but 
 the Maior being advised it would have interrupted yo' Eoyall 
 pleasure at the Eace, left the thing unatempted, which being at 
 soe solemne a time, and so greate a * * * * of yo' Ma"'' 
 loyaU Subjects there present, hath layd a greate scandaU at yo' 
 Petitioner's Dore to be refused that which he was wooed to 
 accept of. 
 
 In tender consideration whereof, and to the end yo' Peti- 
 tioner may in a more publicke nature shew himselfe on aU 
 occasions yo' faythfuU and loyaU Subject, as well in choyce of 
 Burgesses in Parliament as otherwise. May yo' Ma''' be graciously 
 pleased to grant yo' Petitioner yo' Ma"'" Letter Mandatory, 
 directed to the Mayor, Eecorder, and Aldermen of the sayd 
 citie, to forthwith admitt yo' Petitioner to the Bench, and make 
 him a Member of that antient Corporaeon in the nature of a 
 Bencher. 
 
 And your Petitioner, as in duty bound, &c. 
 
16 TRANSCKIPTS FROM 
 
 Mr. Coward's Letter to the Lord Conway. 
 My Lord, 
 
 I received yours this morning, dated the 19"" instant, 
 and having perused the copie of Mr. Hariell's Petition, doe find 
 nothing in it but what I am well assured is very true ; and, if 
 time would permit me, I could produce the testimony of severall 
 credible persons who can assert the same, in soe much that I 
 have extremely admired that a person of soe good education and 
 soe great loyalty, and, in a word, a person of soe large merit, 
 that scarce any member of this Corporation exceeds him. In 
 fine, if soe be it shall please his Ma''° to grant that his Petitioner 
 may be admitted a Member, and he need not question but he 
 will prove a great assistant to this citie, for that there are 
 
 severall whose meane education renders them in some measure 
 insufl[icient. 
 
 May it therefore please your Lordship to informe his Ma"' 
 that I humbly desire, as well as severall other loyall persons, 
 that the sayd Mr. Harfell may be admitted a member, &c. 
 I am your L^" humble Serv', 
 Civitas Winton, Tho. Coward, 
 
 21 Sept., 1 82. Maior. 
 
 The Cause of the Summoning of the Last Assembly. 
 G-entlemen, 
 
 Some time in August last past, Mr. Thomas Coward, 
 the then Maior, did in Counsell propose Edward Harfell, gent.. 
 
THE ARCHITES OF WINCHESTER. 17 
 
 to the freedome of this citie, and to be admitted a Bencher of the 
 same, and was then by the votes of the Major part of the 
 Aldermen, the usuall electors in that case, legally rejected ; 
 notwithstanding which, and a little before his Majestie was 
 pleased to hono' this citie with his presence, the Aldermen did 
 receive ticketts from the Maior, threatniag them (that upon 
 Mr. Harfell's Petition) to sumon them before his Majesty, to 
 shew cause wherefore the sayd Mr. Harfell was rejected ; where- 
 upon the Aldermen, by an Hon'"'' person, a Member of their 
 Corporacon, applyed themselves to the King, desiring, if any 
 such petition should be exhibited, his Majesty would be pleased 
 not to interest himseUe in the business, but to leave the citie to 
 their customes and usages, which the King was graciously 
 pleased to grant accordingly. Mr. HarfeU not liking this 
 method, applyed himseKe to the Secretary of State, and either 
 at Winsor or London preferrs his petition to the King, in which 
 he setts forth the great loyalty of himselfe and Father, not 
 without some reflection on the Aldermen, and desires a grant of 
 the King's letters to be forthwith admitted to the Freedome of 
 the citie and a Bencher of the same: and as an argument to 
 enduce the King to grant it, He sayes in his Petition that he 
 shall be thereby the better qualifyed to serve his Ma"' in the 
 election of members to serve in Parliament; which Petition, 
 • togeither with Mr. Maior's letter to the Lord Conway, in which 
 he averreth that every particular in Mr. Harfell's Petition to be 
 true, obtained a letter Eecomendatory from the King, which was 
 produced before the Maior arid Aldermen assembled in Councell 
 house, the eight and twentieth day of September last, upon the 
 
 c 
 
18 TRANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 reading of which letter Mr. Maior did demand their imediate 
 complyance to the King's comand.; whereupon the Aldermen did 
 desire time to consider of it, that soe they might retume a 
 sutable answere to the King, beleiving (in pursuance of the 
 King's late promise) that the sayd letter was obtained either by 
 false suggestions or surprize. Mr. Maior declared y' if they 
 would not give their assents for the imediate admission of 
 Mr. Harfell, they, that is, the Maior, Eecorder, and Mr. Cradock, 
 would proceed without them. The Aldermen upon this protest 
 against such proceedings and presently left the roome. Upon 
 this the Maior, Eecorder, and Mr. Cradock (as they have given 
 out) did proceed forthwith to sweare the sayd Mr. Harfell, and 
 called him to the Bench accordingly, which is a manifest violaeon 
 of the rights and priviledges of this citie, and the trust reposed 
 in them, the eonsideracon of which is the principal! cause of this 
 Assembly. 
 
 The Result of what was done and agreed on by the 
 . aforesayd Assembly, held the eleaventh day of October, 
 
 as followeth : — 
 
 Whereas Edward Harfell, of this citie, gent., hath by false 
 suggestions in his Petition to the IQng, obtained his Ma"^' 
 Letters for making him free of the Guild of Marohants of this 
 citie, and calling him to the Bench ; who, having prevayled with 
 the Maior for the time being, on the eight and twentieth day of 
 September last past (irregularly, and contrary to the antient 
 usages and customes of this citie in such cases used), to make 
 him, the sayd Mr. Harfell, free of this citie; Wee therefore in 
 
THE ARCHIVES OP WINCHESTER. 19 
 
 this Assembly doe declare all the proceedings of the sayd Maior 
 and those persons appearing in that meeting to be all voyd and 
 of none effect, as if such proceeding had never been ; and that: 
 whatsoever charge the sayd Mr. HarfeU hath or shall putt the 
 Citizens of this citie or any or either of them to, by any law 
 suite or action which he shall hereafter bring against them or 
 any or either of them, for or by reason of this our just proceed- 
 ings, shall be borne and defrayed out of the comon Stocke of 
 this citie, it being done for the maintainance of the rights and 
 privUedges of the sayd citie. 
 
 Mr. Coward's first Sumons to the Aldermen, Aug=' 29*, 1682. 
 
 Whereas I proposed Mr. Harfell in Counsell house to be free, 
 &c., you offered noe exception; according to my promise I 
 resolve, God wiUing, to have it heard before his Ma"'' on 
 Mr. HarfeU's Petition, where you may attend if you please. 
 Take not this as a Scarr Crow from 
 
 Yo' friend, 
 
 Tho. Coward. 
 
 His second, dated Sept' 27*, 1682, 
 
 Having rec* his Ma*'" mandamus, which must be speedily 
 put in execution, I intend (God willing) to be to-morrow, at one 
 of the Clock in the aftemoone, at the Guild haU of this citie, 
 where your attendance is required ; and in case of your neglect 
 or refusall, I am to certify. 
 
 Yo", 
 
 Tho. Coward. 
 
20 TEANSCEIPTS FROM 
 
 Notwithstanding these alarming threats and the 
 imperious mandate of the King, these good men and 
 true retained their integrity, and their example, in some 
 measure, may be associated with the lofty character of 
 Milton's Abdiel— 
 
 Paithful found 
 
 Among the faithless, faithful only he ; 
 
 Among innumerable false, unmoved, 
 
 Unshaken, unseduced, unterrified, 
 
 His loyalty he kept, his love, his zeal : 
 
 Nor number nor example with him wrought 
 
 To swerve from truth, or change his constant mind, 
 
 Though single. 
 
 And following the beautiful language of our poet, we 
 can fancy each of them receiving the reward of Abdiel 
 in the unanimous acclamations of the virtuous and good, 
 and the consolation of an approving conscience : — 
 
 Servant of God, well done ! weU hast thou fought 
 
 The better fight, who single has maintained 
 
 Against revolted multitudes the cause 
 
 Of truth, in word mightier than they in arms ; 
 
 And for the testimony of truth has borne 
 
 Universal reproach, far worse to bear 
 
 Than violence ; for this was all, thy care — 
 
 To stand approved in sight of God, though worlds 
 
 Judged thee perverse. 
 
THE AKCHIVES OP WINCHESTEE. 21 
 
 For we find that the King revoked the mandamus, 
 and the Corporation were left to the enjoyment of their 
 ancient privileges and customs. 
 
 Charles Eex. 
 
 Trusty and well beloved, wee greete you well. — ^Whereas 
 wee have receaved a Petition signed by you the Mayor and 
 several! Aldermen of that our citty, wherein you humbly repre- 
 sent unto us that the suggestions contained in the Petition of 
 Edward HarfeU, Gent., which moved us to grant our letters, 
 dated the 26th of September last, in his behalfe to our sayd 
 citty were false and groundless, and that some irreguler proceed- 
 ings were made on pretence of our sayd letters contrary to your 
 ancient Charters and priviledges ; wee, being mindfiiU of our 
 promise made to that our Corporacon, and noe wayes intending 
 to infringe yovu" Charter or any of yoiu* iust rights or priviledges, 
 have thought fitt hereby to declare the same, and that we leave 
 you in full Ubertye to proceede in this matter according to the 
 Lawes and Customes of that our Corporacon, and the Lawes of 
 this our Kiugdome, our sayd letters ia behalfe of Edward 
 HarfeU aforesayd, or any thing therein contained to the contrary 
 ia any wayes notwithstanding. And soe wee bid you farewell. 
 
 Given att our Coiut at Newmarkett, the 7* of October, 
 
 1682, in the fower and Thirtyeth yere of our Eaigne. 
 
 By his Msfl" Comand, 
 
 Conway. 
 To our trusty and well beloved the Mayor, 
 
 Recorder, and Aldermen of our City of 
 
 Wiachester. 
 
22 TBANSCEIPTS PROM 
 
 The Petition of the Aldermen having obtained the 
 revocation of the Letter Mandatory, the succeeding 
 Mayor convened a meeting of the Corporation to con- 
 sider the conduct and irregular proceedings of the late 
 Mayor, Mr. Coward, the result of which appears as 
 follows, viz.: — 
 
 9* Dec', 1682. 
 
 Forasmuch as great differences have lately arisen within this 
 citie by the irregular proceedings of Mr. Thomas Coward (the 
 late Maior of this citie), to the greate charge and expence of the 
 Stocke of the same, and was maintained and carried on hy the 
 sayd Mr. Coward as Maior in an impracticable way, contrary to 
 his trust, and against the antient ordinances of the citie, to the 
 great disturbance of the Oorporacon, by dividing its members 
 one against another — an Act without president or example : It 
 is therefore thought fit and agreed upon by the Maior, Alder- 
 men, and the four and twenty of the sayd citie now present, 
 that the sayd Mr. Thomas Coward (for the causes abovesayd) be 
 sett aside from being a Justice of the Peace for the sayd citie 
 for the yeare ensueiug ; and that unles he the sayd Mr. Coward 
 doe within three months from this day pay to the Maior of this 
 citie for the time being the whole charge the citie hath bin putt 
 unto in defence of its antient rights and privileges, which was 
 caused by the troublesome proceedings of him the sayd 
 Mr. Thomas Coward, and make such submission to the sayd 
 Maior, Aldermen, and four and twenty, as they shall appoint, he 
 
THE ABCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 23 
 
 is adjudged by this Assembly to be iaoapable of bearing any 
 office of Trust or credite to this Corporaeon from that time 
 forward, and to remain suspended untiU he hath performed the 
 
 Thus we find fit retribution attended that Mayoi who 
 had dared to violate both his oath and the Charter ; and 
 his wickedness, in the emphatic language of the Psalmist, 
 fell upon his own pate. 
 
 We must here advert to some extracts in confirmation 
 of Mr. Macaulay's History of England, wherein he states 
 that the Monarchs, Charles II. and James II., in order 
 to obtain Parliamentary influence, resorted to the 
 most oppressive acts of injustice and infraction on the 
 liberties of the people ; compelling Corporations to 
 surrender in order to grant other Charters ; confining the 
 elective franchise to very small constituent bodies, ap- 
 pointed by the Sovereign, and, of course, by implication, 
 bound to return Members to Parliament nominated by the 
 Government. The boroughs were commanded to sur- 
 render their Charters ; few complied, but Winchester in 
 particular distinguished itself by the boldness of its 
 opposition : but at last, worn out by military op- 
 pression, exorbitant exactions, nay, as our books will 
 show, by the imprisonment of the Mayor and Alder- 
 men, they were at last obliged to surrender their 
 Charter, and pay a heavy fine on the renewal of its 
 
24 
 
 TRANSCEIPTS FROM 
 
 privileges, which will be exemplified by the following 
 extracts : — 
 
 Sept' 27, 1684. 
 
 (Paid to Mr. Mayor to pay Coach hire when he went 
 to present the Surrender of the Charter to his 
 Majesty. 
 £4: 18 Paid more for expenses in that Journey. 
 
 £75 
 
 IS* November, 1688. 
 
 ^ Taken out of the Coffer Three Five and Twenty 
 Pounds of Sir Tho» White's Gift, in the whole 
 Seventy five Pounds, for present occasions of dis- 
 bursement towards renewing the Charter and other- 
 wise for the City, to be repaid iato the Coffer for 
 the uses iutended when the City went round in 
 bringing the several sums paid in by Mr. Tho' 
 Cropp, Mr. John Hayles, and Mr. Eich* Good. 
 
 16* November, 1688. 
 
 [ Paid to Mr. Mayor the sum of Seven Pounds six- 
 1 teen shillings and eight pence, being for such money 
 £7 16 8\ by him disbiffsed about the Charter of this City, in 
 I defence of the Old, and procuring the new Charter, 
 l^as appears by his BiU. 
 
THE AECHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 25 
 
 The recital of the following order of the Privy 
 Council— the King himself presiding — will prove the 
 statement we have just alluded to, as to the imprison- 
 ment of the Mayor and Aldermen : — 
 
 [An Order to Eelease the Mayor, &c.] 
 
 Whereas the Mayor of Winchester was upon Sunday last, 
 the 21'* present, made Prisoner in the Guard there by Captain 
 Edmond Gierke, and is stiU, with divers of the Aldermen of 
 that city, kept under restraint by the said Captain, these are to 
 will and command the said Edmond Clerke, and all others whom 
 it doth concern, forthwith upon sight hereof to set the said 
 Mayor, Aldermen, and aU others by him committed, at full 
 liberty : And hereof they may not fail, as they wiU answer the 
 contrary at their utmost perils. 
 
 Dated at the Court at Whitehall, the 23^ of November, 1664. 
 
 T. Southampton. Edw. Nicholas. 
 
 Albemarle. John Nicholas. 
 
 Hugh PoUarde. Henry Bennet. 
 
 Lindsey. Will. Morice. 
 
 To Captain Edmond Clerke, and to aU others 
 whom it doth or may concern. 
 
26 TBANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 In the next folio followeth the Order of His Majesty 
 and the Rt. Honble. the Lords of His Majesty's Most 
 Honble. Privy Council, concerning the same Captain 
 Gierke, viz.: — 
 
 At the Court at Whitehall, the 15'" of February, 1664. 
 
 Present, 
 The King's Most Excellent Majesty. 
 
 His Eoyal Highness the Duke Earl of LauderdaUe. 
 
 of York. Earl of Carbery. 
 
 His Highness Prince Eupert. Lord Bishop of London. 
 
 Lord Archbishop of Canter- Lord Wentworth. 
 
 bury. Lord Berkeley, 
 
 Lord Privy Seal. Lord Ashley. 
 
 Lord Great Chamberlain. Mr. Treasurer. 
 
 Lord Chamberlain. Mr. Vice-Chamberlain. 
 
 Earl of Bath. Mr. Secretary Morice. 
 
 Earl of Carlisle. Mr. Secretary Bennett. 
 
 Whereas by Order of the Second of December last it was 
 referred to the Eight Honble. the Earl of Southampton, Lord 
 High Treasurer of England, and Lord-Lieutenant of the County 
 of Southton, to impose such submission as his Lordship should 
 think fit to be made by Captain Edmund Clerke, for unduly and 
 illegally imprisoning the Mayor and some of the Aldermen of 
 the city of Winchester. 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 27 
 
 Captain Edmund Gierke's submission to the Mayor and 
 Aldermen of Winchester, upon him enjoined by The 
 Et. Honble. Thomas, Earle of Southampton, Lord 
 High Treasurer of England, and by the Capt" neg- 
 lected to be done, and reinforced on the same Capt" to 
 be performed, viz. : — 
 
 His Majesty and the Lords of the Council having exprest 
 
 their sense of my rash and inconsiderate act (in a time when 
 
 there was neither uproar within nor danger without the Town), 
 
 by restraining, and setting of Guard upon the houses of the 
 
 Mayor and some of the Aldermen of this city, and being 
 
 enjoined thereunto by The Et. Honble. the Lord-Lieutenant of 
 
 this County, I do, with a true sense of my failure and rashness 
 
 toward you the Mayor and Aldermen, ask your pardon: and 
 
 assure yourselves, in the future, you shall find aU respect in 
 
 order to His Majesty's service, from 
 
 Edmund Gierke. 
 
 This Captain must have been a very obstinate cha- 
 racter, for, notwithstanding Lord Southampton's order, 
 it was not until he was apprehended and imprisoned that 
 he would make the above apology. 
 
 And the said Captain Gierke refusing or neglecting to make 
 his said submission as was enjoined by his Lordship, This Board, 
 by warrant of the 25th of January last, sent for and remanded 
 him into the custody of John Barcroft, Esq., one of the 
 Sergeants at Arms to his Majesty. And upon the humble 
 
28 TRANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 Address of the said Captain Clarke to the Lord Treasurer, his 
 Lordship was pleased to subscribe the aforesaid submission, as 
 foUoweth, viz.: — 
 
 Mr. Clerke having neglected to make this submission, which 
 I formerly enjoined him, I require him not to fail to do it, in the 
 Town House of Winchester, in the presence of Mr. Hyde and 
 Mr. Goddard, at such time as they shall appoint. 
 
 T. Southampton. 
 February 14, 1664. 
 
 His apprehension and imprisonment produced the 
 apology, for 
 
 This Board, taking into consideration the proceedings afore- 
 said, and his Lordship's interposition in behalf of the said 
 Captain Clerke, upon his personal appearance, submission, and 
 promise of conformity. It was Ordered (His Majesty present in 
 Council) That the said Captain Edmund Clerke punctually 
 obeying his Lordship's last recited Order of the fourteenth of 
 this instant, be, and hereby is, discharged from his present 
 restraint, whereof the said Sergeant at Arms is required to take 
 notice, and to give due obedience hereunto. And the said 
 Captain Edmund Clerke having duly performed what by this 
 Order is required, the Mayor and Aldermen of the said city of 
 Winchester are hereby ordered and commanded to acquiesce in 
 this submission of Captain Clerke, and to lay aside all animosi- 
 ties, and altogether abstain from any further prosecution of this 
 
 business. 
 
 Eichard Browne. 
 
THE AECHIVES OF WINCHESTEE. 29 
 
 For several years great animosities and political 
 differences had agitated the Corporation, disturbed the 
 peace, and added to the costs of the city ; when at last 
 the House of Lords interposed to effect a reconciliation. 
 
 ST* July, 1660. 
 
 More taken out of the Coffers. Twenty sis Pounds two 
 shillings and four pence, disbursed in feeing Counsel, Horsehire, 
 and other charges in the unhappy differences of the City. 
 
 23'^ August, 1660. 
 
 [Order of the House of Lords in ParUament assembled.] 
 
 Upon Report made this day to the House, that the Marquess 
 of Winton and the Lord Eobert, haviug endeavoured to com- 
 pose the difference in the City of Winchester, but cannot effect 
 the same : It is Ordered by the Lords in Parliament assembled, 
 for the better bringing of the said city to a Peace, That Thomas 
 Muspratt, John Champion, and Thomas Lambert, shall be 
 forthwith excluded out of the said Corporation, and to be 
 hereby left out of the next Charter that shall be renewed by 
 his Majesty: And that the said Thomas Muspratt and John 
 Champion (two of the Cofferers of the said city) do, upon sight 
 of this Order, deliver up the two keys of the Coffer of the 
 same into the hands of the Mayor and Aldermen for the time 
 being. And herein they may not fail. 
 
 Jo. Browne, 
 
 Cleric ParUamentor. 
 
30 TRANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 We will now conclude the extracts relating to the 
 Charter, by drawing attention to the restitution of those 
 privileges, whereby it appears that members of the 
 Corporation, nominated by the Crown, were at last 
 superseded. 
 
 At the Court at the Whitehall, the Second day of 
 November, 1688. 
 
 Present, 
 The King's Most Excellent Majesty in Counsell. 
 
 His Majesty being graciously Eesolved that the City of 
 Winchester, and the Mayor and Citizens thereof, be restored, 
 according to His Majesty's gracious ' Proclamation, to their 
 ancient Charters, Eights, and Franchises, notwithstanding the 
 Surrender by them made of their Charter and the enrolment of 
 the same, His Majesty in Counsell is this day graciously pleased 
 to Order, according to the Power to him reserved in the late 
 Clferters, Patents, and Grants : And it is hereby Ordered, that 
 all Mayors, Sheriffs, Eocorders, Aldermen, Town Clerks, Com- 
 mon Councibnen, and all other Officers and Members of the said 
 City of Winchester, constituted, named, appointed, or selected 
 by virtue of any Charter, Patent, or Grant since the: year 1679, 
 from the late King, or His Majesty, and aU and every person 
 and persons having or claiming any Office or Place by the same, 
 be removed, displaced, and discharged; and they and every of 
 them are hereby removed, displaced, and discharged accordingly. 
 
 Phil. Musgrave. 
 
THE ARCHIVES OP WINCHESTER. 31 
 
 THE BALLOT. 
 
 It is not for us to give an opinion, or to consider the 
 propriety of accepting or rejecting the Ballot; but, at 
 the eventful times to which we have heen alluding, a 
 necessity was felt of checking, by some means, the 
 intimidation and excitement at the election of officers for 
 this city, inasmuch as we find, on several occasions, that 
 parties who voted against, or politically opposed the 
 wishes of the Crown, were expelled from the Corpora- 
 tion, and more compliant freemen supplied the vacancy, 
 several having been created by virtue of a commission 
 from the Crown. In such a spirit occurs this most 
 interesting ordinance : — 
 
 30'" October, 1656. 
 
 jTElection of Mayor and all other Officers to be by Pewter.] 
 
 Whereas it hath been found, by often experience, that public 
 and open Yotes at the Assemblies holden within the said city 
 for electing of the Mayor and other Magistrates and Officers 
 within the same, hath caused clamour and HI blood amongst 
 divers of the Citizens of the city aforesaid, for the preventing 
 whereof in time to come, and to the end that the said Citizens 
 may be more free in their Votes and Elections than formerly 
 they have been, and for the better continuance of love and 
 
32 TKANSCRIPTS FEOM 
 
 unity amongst themselves, It is Ordained and established by 
 this Assembly, that there be forthwith provided One hundred 
 Bullets, of colours Eed and White, in equal proportion, and that 
 the said BuDets be kept in a fit Box, to be provided for that 
 purpose. And that at all such Public Assemblies and Meetings, 
 one of each of the said Bullets be delivered to each citizen then 
 present, and that the Mayor for the time being (if occasion be) 
 do declare in writing, under his hand, for what Person or 
 purpose each of the said Bullets shall stand at every Nomination 
 or Election ; and that, instead of such open and public Votes, 
 each Citizen put privately into the said Box the Bullet for or 
 against such Person or purpose then in question at such Nomina- 
 tion or Election, according to the dictates of his conscience ; and 
 that the Mayor put in two Bullets for his casting Vote (in case 
 the Bullets so put in as aforesaid shall happen to be even) ; and 
 that upon view of the said Bullets, the Election to pass, stand, 
 and be determined, according to the major part of the Bullets, 
 for or against such Nomination, or Election, or purpose as afore- 
 said, and to be as effectual to all intents and purposes as if the 
 same had been openly and publicly Voted, any Ordinance or 
 custom to the contrary thereof in anywise notwithstanding ; and 
 that the Bullets remaining in each Citizen's hand be immediately 
 after such Election privately put in again into the said Box. 
 Provided — That it shall and may be lawful to and for any 
 Citizen, if he think fit, openly to publish and make known his 
 Vote, and to declare the reasons and inducements leading him 
 thereunto. 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 33 
 
 INCOEPOEATION OF MYSTERIES, GUILDS, AND 
 FEATEENITIES. 
 
 We will now notice two of the Ordinances whereby 
 the tailors and hosiers, and the shoemakers and 
 cobblers were incorporated fraternities ; the respective 
 Preambles to which may well be called " The 
 Lamentation of the Tailors and Shoemakers." It may 
 be interesting to the reader to know that part of the city 
 income was derived from the taxation of the artisans and 
 handicraftsmen exercising their trades and vocations in 
 the city. The Mayor had the power of imposing such 
 contributions, to the limitation of £5 annually. We 
 jBnd that the general sums varied from 6s. 8d. to 40s. 
 annually. 
 
 ig*" Sept', 1580. 
 To all trewe faithfuU people to whom these presents shall come. 
 
 Eichard Cook, Gentleman, Maior of the City of Winchester, 
 in the county of Southampton ; John Paice and James Hibert, 
 Bailiffs ; and the commonalty of the same city, send grefeting in 
 our Lord God everlasting. Forasmuch as earnest and pitiful 
 complaints have been made unto us by the Shoemakers and 
 Coblers of this city of Winchester for sundry abuses and 
 enormities of late years sprung up and suffered, as well amongst 
 
 D 
 
34 TRANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 themselves as also and most specially for that divers and sundry- 
 persons, by colour of the freedom of the said city, have lately 
 set up and do use the trades, sciences, and mysteries of Shoe- 
 makers and Coblers, not having been apprentice themselves, nor 
 using the same at the time of the making of the Statute made 
 in the S* year of the Queen's Majesty's Eeign, that now is 
 contrarie to the tenor and effect thereof, by reason whereof 
 many inconveniences have ensued, namelie, for that those 
 persons so unlawfully setting up the said Trades, sciences, and 
 mysteries not practiced therein, do for the most part, either 
 ignorantly or for wicked lucre and gain's sake, utter and sell to 
 the People booted Shoes, Slippers, and Pantaples, made of 
 faulty, deceatful, and evil tanned leather, to the great hurt and 
 deceit of the people ; and for that also, by their daily repair to 
 the said city, the number of Shoemakers and Coblers are 
 greatly increased, and thereby their Trade and utterance much 
 diminished, and therefore not' able as in time past to bear and 
 sustain the great charges, taxes, and payments of the said city 
 for their parts laid upon them, except some speedy remedy be 
 therein provided: for reformation whereof, and for making^ 
 setting forth, and establishing of some good and laudable orders 
 amongst the said Shoemakers and Coblers for the better main- 
 tenance of those necessary Trades, sciences, and mysteries, 
 That it shall not be lawful for any Shoemaker of the said 
 Corporation now admitted, or hereafter to be admitted at any 
 time from henceforth, to clout, pin, or sole for any person or 
 persons other than for himself or his Family, any ojd Shoes, 
 Boots, Buskins, Slippers, Skertoppes, or Pantaples, upon pain 
 
THE ARCHIVES OE WINCHESTER. 35 
 
 that every such Shoemaker shall forfeit and lose for every such 
 Shoe, Boot, Buskin, Slipper, Skertoppe, or Pantaple, to be by 
 him or his Servant, or Servants, clouted, peieed, or sold, upon 
 due proof thereof by one or more sufficient Witness or 
 Witnesses, three shillings and four pence, to be levied by 
 Distress by the said Wardens, or one of them ; the one moiety 
 thereof to be to the said Corporation, and the other moiety to 
 the Chamber of the said city. 
 
 And that no Cobler now admitted, or hereafter to be 
 admitted to the said Corporation, shall make, sell, or utter, or 
 cause to be made, sold, or uttered, any new Shoes, Boots, 
 Buskins, Skertoppes, Slippers, or Pantaples, upon pain to loose 
 for every pair of new Shoes, Boots, Buskins, Slippers, Sker- 
 toppes, or Pantaples so by him made, sold, or uttered, or caused 
 to be made, sold, or uttered. Six shillings and eight pence of 
 lawful money of England ; the one moiety thereof unto the said 
 Corporation, and the other moiety to the Chamber of the said 
 city, to be levied by Distress as aforesaid, to the common utility 
 and public weal of the said city. We the said Mayor, BaiUffs, 
 and Commonalty, at this our Common Assembly, holden at the 
 said city the fourth day of August, in the two and twentieth 
 year of the Eeign of our Sovereign Lady Elizabeth, do by our 
 one assent and consent grant, order, establish, and agree by 
 these presents, for we and our Successors, that Anthony Birde, 
 Stephen Knight, Thomas Martyn, Henry Lawkyn, Michael 
 Croppe, William Bearham, John Dayies, John Burte, Will" 
 Goodale, and Will™ Lawrence, Shoemakers within the said city, 
 and their Successors: And Leonardo Burte, Thomas Pilgrim, 
 
36 TEANSCEIPTS FBOM 
 
 Thomas Fluxe, George Bowlton, John Blyset, and Thomas 
 Orcharde, Coblers within the said citie, and their Successors, 
 shall be incorporate and an Incorporation or Company of ShoeT 
 makers and Coblers within the said city of Winchester : And 
 that the Incorporation of Shoemakers and Coblers, under the 
 Conditions following, shall have always for ever continuance 
 within the city aforesaid : And that it shall be lawful for the 
 Corporation and Company of Shoemakers and Coblers every 
 year to elect and choose, of and amongst themselves, two 
 persons to be wardens of that Company, and that the Wardens 
 of the said Company for the time being shall be accounted for 
 that year the chiefest of that Company. 
 
 19* Sept', 1580. 
 
 To all trewe faithful people to whom this present writing shall 
 
 come. 
 
 • Eichard Cooke, Gentleman, Mayor of the City of Win- 
 chester, in the County of Southampton ; John Paice and James 
 Hibert, Bailiffs ; and the Commonalty of the same city, send 
 greeting in our Lord God everlasting. Forasmuch as we have 
 heard the complaint of our loving neighbours the Taylers and' 
 Hosiers of the said city, that divers and sundry persons have of 
 late years, and yet daily do at divers quick times of work, 
 and against high feasts, come and take houses within the said 
 city, and do set up, use, and occupy the crafts, mysteries, and 
 occupations of Taylers and Hosiers; and that divers others 
 
THE ABCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 37 
 
 likewise coming to the said city do use to work and occupy the 
 same crafts and occupations in closets in Inns, Alehouses, and 
 other secret places within the same city, and after such quick 
 times of work and high feasts do depart from the said city, to the 
 great hinderance and utter undoing of our said neighbours, and 
 contrary to the ordinance and grant made unto the said Taylers 
 and Hosiers by Giles White, sometime Mayor of the city afore- 
 said, Lancelot Jonson, and John Symonds, then Bailiffs, and the 
 Commonalty of the same city, by writing under the Common 
 Seal of the said city: for reformation whereof, for making, 
 setting forth, and establishing of some good and laudable orders 
 amongst the said Taylers and Hosiers, for their better main- 
 tenance, and for the common and public utility and weal of the 
 said city, We the said Mayor, Bailiffs, and Commonalty, at this 
 our Common Assembly, holden at the said city the IQ* day of 
 September, in the 22* year of the Eeign of our Sovereign Lady 
 the Queen's Majesty underwritten, do by these presents order, 
 grant, and agree, that the said Grant and Ordinance made unto 
 the said Taylers and Hosiers in the time of the said Giles 
 White, then Mayor of the said city, and every clause, sentence, 
 and article therein contained, shall be from henceforth repealed, 
 revoked, void, frustrate, and of none effect, to all intents and 
 purposes. And now, we the said Mayor, Bailiffs, and Com- 
 monalty, at our said Assembly, do by our assent and consent 
 grant, order, ordain, establish, and agree by these presents, for 
 us and our Successors, that Tristrame Budd, Stephen Browne, 
 John Gifford, Eichard Paice, WiU-" Woodward, Adam Vander- 
 planke, Anthony Colman, Will"' Pannell, Edward Cosier, Eobert 
 
38 TRANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 Hilson, Thomas Vanderplanke, Eichard Kuston, John Austen, 
 and Thomas Mason, Taylers and Hosiers within the said city, 
 and their Successors, shall be incorporate and an Incorporation 
 and Company of Taylers and Hosiers within the said City of 
 Winchester : And that the Corporation and Company of Taylers 
 and Hosiers, under the conditions following, shall have always 
 for ever continuance within the city aforesaid : And that it shall 
 be lawfiil for the Corporation and Company of Taylers and 
 Hosiers every year to elect and choose, of and amongst them- 
 selves, two persons to be Wardens of that Company ; and that 
 the Wardens of the said Company for the time being shall be 
 accounted for that year the chiefest of that Company. 
 
 The Wardens were to be elected before the first 
 Boroughmote to be holden within the said city next after 
 the Feast of St. Michael the Archangel, and sworn 
 before the Mayot of the said city for the time being, or 
 his deputy, well, truly, and indifferently to make 
 searches of the offenders contrary to this Ordinance, and 
 to present truly all offenders, offences, and defaults 
 which they should find contrary to any article herein con- 
 tained. They were to levy and gather all fines, &c., and 
 make account and payment thereof unto the Chamberlain 
 at his audit. They were also to pay to the Town Clerk 
 8d. for entering their names. 
 
 The Wardens had power to admit others into the 
 said Company ; and also any person that was appren- 
 
THE ARCHIVES OP WINCaESTER. 39 
 
 ticed to the occupation of tailor within the said city, at 
 the expiration of his apprenticeship, on his paying 
 •Ss. 4d. for his admittance. Any other person being 
 admitted was to pay £5, and should be presented, regis- 
 tered, and entered at the next general Court to be 
 holden within the city, and sworn to observe and keep 
 all the orders, &c., contained in this Ordinance, and pay 
 2s. for his admission. 
 
 No other person was allowed to set up and carry on 
 the said trades other than as a servant under one of the 
 said Corporation, unless admitted as aforesaid, under a 
 penalty of 10s. for every week during which he should 
 so carry it on. Any journeyman retained by the Cor- 
 poration was to pay 6d. within fourteen days, and should 
 not depart from the service without licence ; and any 
 member of the Corporation employing such journeyman 
 who had absented himself, or who should entice away 
 any servant or apprentice of any of the said Corporation, 
 was subject to a fine of 20s. Whoever instructed any 
 person or persons in the said trades who was not an 
 apprentice according to the form of the said statute, was 
 to pay £1 6s. 8d. for every such offence. Every person 
 of the said Corporation who should work or open his 
 shop window or windows on any Sunday or other high 
 festival, should lose and pay for every such offence 
 3s. 4d. Any, member of the said Corpor'ation who 
 should, through negligence of himself or servants. 
 
40 TKANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 spoil any garment or apparel committed to him to be 
 made, was to amend the same, or make recompense to 
 the owner thereof, or else be dismissed from the Cor- 
 poration until he had made sufficient recompense accord- 
 ingly; and the Warden was not to allow any such 
 person so dismissed to carry on the said trades until he 
 had made recompense to such owner, upon pain of the 
 said Warden forfeiting £4 to the said Corporation. 
 The Wardens had the power of calling the said Cor- 
 poration together for the election of their Wardensj or 
 for any other necessary matters, as often as they should 
 think necessary ; and any member of the said Corpora- 
 tion who should be absent at any such meeting, after due 
 notice given to him thereof, without a sufficient excuse, 
 should forfeit for every such time 3s. 4d. 
 
 The Wardens had likewise the power of entering into 
 the houses or shops of any member of the said Corpora- 
 tion for any cause concerning the same ; and if a 
 complaint was made to them against any member thereof 
 concerning the said trades, they were to use their best 
 endeavours that the person complaining should have 
 redress, and the said Wardens neglecting .or refusing 
 so to do should lose and pay for their negligence 
 therein 6s. 8d. Also, that no person offending in 
 any point contrary to this Ordinance should, after the 
 same offence, open his shop windows, or use or exercise 
 his craft gr science within the said city, until he had 
 
THE ARCHIVES OP WINCHESTER. 4:1 
 
 paid the fine, &c., to which he was liable, upon pain that 
 every person so offending should forfeit 12d. for every 
 day on which he should: so open his windows, or 
 exercise his craft or science. Also, that it should be 
 lawful for the said Wardens, as often as any default 
 should be made by any person, or any fine, &c., due 
 from any person, to distrain for the same, and make sale 
 of the goods, &c., distrained, within twenty-one days 
 after their being appraised ; the Mayor's sergeant to 
 have 8d. for every distress out of the said fines. Any 
 freeman of the city obstructing the Wardens in their 
 duty in making distress, &c., was to be disfranchised ; 
 and every other person so offending, and not being free 
 of the said city, should forfeit 40s., to be levied by 
 distress. If any bailiff, constable, or sergeant refused to 
 aid the Wardens in making any distress, he was to be 
 fined 20s., to be levied in like manner. 
 
 It should also be lawful for the said Wardens and 
 Corporation to make further orders for their better 
 government. Any doubt as to the construction or inter- 
 pretation of the said Ordinance was to be determined by 
 the Mayor and the major part of his brethren ; and they 
 had also the power to amend, alter, or revoke the same. 
 Anything contained in the said Ordinance, if contrary to 
 any Statute of the realm, was to be of no effect. The 
 common seal affixed. 
 
42 TBANSCKIPTS FEOM 
 
 That a pecuniary consideration should be demanded 
 for permission to dwell in the city may appear startling 
 at the present time ; but that such was the case appears 
 by the following extract : — 
 
 9* May, 1673. 
 
 More paid in by Mr. Et. Hobbs, for Licence to live and be 
 an Inhabitant in this City, Five Pounds, and to be disposed of 
 for Buckets to the City. 
 
 The last charge for exercising any trade or mystery 
 in the city bears date 
 
 12'" of Aprn, 1728. 
 
 Also agreed, that it be proposed at and to the same next 
 Assembly, That William Clarke shall and may be permitted and 
 allowed to use, exercise, and occupy the Trade and manual 
 occupation of a Barber within this City, he paying for a Fine or 
 Composition for such his permission and allowance the siun qf 
 One Pound one shilling into the Coffer of this City. 
 
 Thomas Barefoot, Mayor, 
 &c., &c., &c. 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 43 
 
 DIGNITY, JUEISDICTION, AND DUTIES OF 
 THE MAYOE. 
 
 It is worthy of mention, as a proof of the conse- 
 quence and prosperity to which this city had attained, 
 that Henry II. (1172), raised the chief magistrate of 
 Winchester above all the municipal officers of the king- 
 dom. The first Mayor was Florence de Lunn, who had 
 also a power of appointing a deputy, which other 
 governing bodies had not then obtained ; and at the 
 coronation of Richard I., a dispute as to precedency 
 arose between the then rival cities of Winchester and 
 London; the magistrates of these two cities being 
 admitted to officiate and fill two important offices, viz., 
 as wine butler and as clerk of the kitchen. The former 
 of these offices was the more honourable, and, from 
 many circumstances, appears to have originally belonged 
 to the citizens of Winchester. On the present occasion, 
 however, the Londoners obtained the preference ; and 
 the King, in order to compensate the Mayor of Win- 
 chester, presented him with an ample Charter, con- 
 firming and enlarging the privileges of his ancient 
 city. 
 
 At the death of Henry III., chiefly on account of the 
 
44 TRANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 increase in commerce, wealth, population, and splendour, 
 London raised its exalted head, and became the undis- 
 puted metropolis of England. However, the citizens of 
 Winchester for a long period continued to keep up the 
 dignity and consequence of the mayoralty, more par- 
 ticularly in relation to his dress and attendance, and 
 also that of his lady or dame, on all solemn occa- 
 sions ; and we will now detail a few Ordinances to that 
 effect : — 
 
 15'" Aug'', 1566. 
 
 Itm. That no persone of the citie that hathe byn or shalbe 
 maior of the same cytye, shall come into the High Strete, nother 
 into the comon market, except he be rydinge out of the Towne 
 or goinge a shoting, w"'out a gowne or cloke, uppon payne of 
 Forfeture of 3s. 4d. for evri tyme that he shal be convicted 
 thereof by the testimony of two citizens. Provided alwaye, 
 that anye of them may walke before their Dores or Shopps 
 without any Gowne or cloke, abought there necessary business 
 there to be done, 
 
 4'" August, 1580. 
 
 Imprimis, It is agreed that every man that hereafter shall 
 beare the office of the Mayoraltie of the saide citie, shall before 
 the first Boroughmote after his election pvide for his wiffe a 
 scarlet Gowne, accordinge to the ancient order of the saide 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 45 
 
 citie ; and that as well shee, and the wiffe of ev'y one which 
 hereafter shall beare the office of the maioraltie of the same 
 citie, as also the wiffe of every other which heretofore hath 
 borne the same office in the said citie, which wiffe is now 
 pvided of a scarlet gowne, shall weare scarlet gownes at all 
 festivall dayse, and other tymes accustomed, when the maior of 
 the saied citie shall weare his scarlet gowne, except uppon the 
 first Boroughmote daye, uppon payne that ev'y husbande of 
 such wiffe that shall make defaulte in pvidinge of such a gowne 
 as aforesaide, shall forfeyte and lose Tenne Pounds, to be 
 deducted out of his fee. And that the husbande of ev'y such 
 wiffe that shall not weare such a gowne ev'y such daye shall 
 forfeit and lose for ev'y defaulte therein 6s. 8d. to the use of 
 the Chamber of the citie, to bee levied by distresse; except 
 there be some lawfuU excuse, to be approved and allowed 
 by the mayor of the saide citie and the more parte of his 
 Bretherne. 
 
 29* Oct', 1579. 
 
 Itm. T' y' agreed that ev'y franchisman of this cyty from 
 hencforth shall have and weare at ev'y assemble w'Mn the saide 
 citie, and at ev'y Gaole deliv'y. Sessions, and boroughmote, a 
 decente gowne, uppon payne of forfaiture for every tyme that 
 anie parson shall be prste at anie such assemble, Gaole Deliv'y, 
 Sessions, or Bouromote, not havinge and wearinge such a 
 • Gowne, Ss., to be levied by distresse, to the use of the 
 chamber. 
 
46 TEANSCEIPTS FEOM 
 
 These regulations also extended to the freemen, as 
 we find from the following Ordinance : — 
 
 4* Sept', 1584. 
 
 Item. That noe citizen of this citie that hath byn elected 
 bayliffe of the same, or to anie office above that degree, shall 
 from henceforth were in the Strete wthin this citie anie hose or 
 stockings of white, green, yellowe, redde, blewe, weggett, or 
 oringe color ; neither shall were at anie assemble, boroughmote, 
 or Sessions, or at anie Sermon to be preached uppon the 
 Sondaies or hoUidaies, anie white, greene, yellowe, or redde 
 dublet, upon payne to forfayte and loose for ev'ie tyme wherin 
 anie parson or parsons shall offend therein, 2s. 6d., to be levied 
 by distresse upon everie offender or offenders by the Maior's 
 Serjant for the tyme beinge, to the use of the poore people of 
 the same citie. 
 
 The following is an interesting Ordinance against 
 the Mayor's misconduct and undignified behaviour 
 during his year of office, for riding without a servant, 
 and other enormities and misdemeanors : — 
 
 29"' Jan^, 1560. 
 
 Itm. That the same daye and yere for dyverse and sondrye 
 enormyties and mysdemeanors don by Mr. Will" Goodwin in 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 47 
 
 the tyme of his mayoraltie, sowndinge and tendinge to the 
 slaunder of the office of the mayoraltye, and the Disworshipp 
 of the eytie : y' is to saye, for that he oftentymes dyd ryde out 
 of the cytye to Hampton, and to other Townes w^in the Shire 
 w*out a Svant waightinge uppon him, being desyred the 
 contrarye by dyverse of his brythern : And also for that he 
 comaunded George Browne, one of the 24", to the Westgate, 
 the Gate beinge shutt uppon him, contrary to an ordynance 
 made in the tyme of Mr. Gyles White, being Mayor, when he 
 sholde have comaunded him to S' John's Howse : And also for 
 that openlie in the Chequer between the Gate he drew his 
 Dagar at one of the S'geants, cotrary to the Queen's peace: 
 And forasmuche as the reformacon and correction of such 
 enormyties and mysdemeanors appertaynethe to the mayor for 
 the tyme beinge, and other that hath byn mayors of the same 
 eytie, accordinge to an olde auncient custome of the sayd cytie ; 
 It is agreed and adjudged by Mr. Kichard Burton, nowe mayor 
 of the cytie of Winchester, and the more parte of such as hathe 
 byn mayors of the same, that the sayd Mr. Will™ Goodwin shall 
 at his pper costs and charges, on this side 8' Mathew's daye 
 next comynge, glaise the Windowe on the West parte of the 
 chymney in the Hall- of the hospitaU of S' John's House, 
 cotayninge two lights, w"" newe glasse; And also shall newe 
 make the Stone worke of the other 2 wyndows of the same 
 Hall, before the Feast of Ester next comynge, receyvinge of 
 the chamber of the cytie for the same vij*. 
 
48 TRANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 The arbitrary power delegated to the Mayor will be 
 fully verified by the following extract ; and the peculiar 
 punishments frequently awarded are interesting : — 
 
 XX die January, A° D" 1558. 
 
 The same Daye and Yere It was agreid by Mr. Goodwin, 
 Mayor, and the more parte of the 24, that Mr. John Edmonde, 
 one of the Alderme of the eytie of Winchester, for diverse 
 slaunderons words and mysdemeanors by him spoken and done 
 against Mr. Will" Laurens, sometyme Mayor of the sayd cytie, 
 be comtted to Warde at Mr. Mayor's pleasure, and also do paye 
 to the prfft of the sayde cytie xx'. 
 
 The same daye and yere it was agried by Mr. Will" 
 Goodwin, Mayor of the cytie, and the more parte of the xxiiii, 
 that Mr. Tho" Colye, one of the xxiiii, for divers unseemlye 
 words by him spokin to Mr. Hodson, one of the Aldermen of 
 the cytie, for his punishment shall amende xxii panes of the 
 Glasse Windowe in the Councell House, and vi quarrells in two 
 other panes of the same Windowe. 
 
 The same daye and yere the penaltye of the agreem' made 
 the XX* daye of Februarye against Mr. Edmonde, was by the 
 consent of Mr. Goodwin, Mayor, and the more parte of the 
 xxiiii, myttigated as flowthe: That is to saye, that the sayde 
 Mr. Edmond shall make a barge of Leade of ij hande breadthe 
 in the myddle of the Glasse Windowe in the Counsel! howsse 
 all the lengthe of the same Wyndowe, and that ""ymprisonm' be 
 released to the sayd Mr. Edmonde. 
 
THE ARCHIVES OP WINCHESTER. 49 
 
 Revealing of secrets was strictly prohibited, 
 xxvij die Aprilis, A* 1559. 
 
 The same daye and yere WyU"" Brexstone, one of the 
 xxiiii, was expelled the Counsell HowSe for that he revealyd the 
 secrettes spoken in the same Howse unto Strangers. 
 
 At the next Meeting the said Wm. Brexstone was 
 re-admitted, — 
 
 On payment of the sum of 10s. for his offence afore wrytten, 
 for the makinge of a Cubborde for the Eecords in the Counsell 
 Howse. 
 
 Slandering or blaspheming the Mayor and Aldermen 
 subject to imprisonment. 
 
 At a Comon Convocation helde at Winchester the thyrde 
 day of ApriU, in the thyrde yere of the Eaigne of Kinge 
 Harrye the fyvthe, after the Conquest, it was ordeyned and 
 enacted that whatsoever fre ma win the hbertye of the cytie 
 of Winchester dothe blaspheme or speake slaunderouslye of the 
 Mayor of the cytye aforesayd hereaft, or of any bayliffe, or of 
 the Eecorder of the said cytie, or of any that dyd beare office 
 of the Maioraltie of the same cytie, or of any officer of 
 the Court of the same cytie, of any thinge touchinge there 
 office, or dothe slaunder ther names, whereof blasphemy maye 
 
 E 
 
50 TKANSCEIPTS PBOM 
 
 ensue, except he can openlye and lawfully prove his intencio. 
 That then he whh slaunderethe any Mayre hereafter shall be 
 imprisoned at the will of the Mayre, and shall paye to the use of 
 the same x; and he that slaunderthe any of the officers 
 aforesayd, and canot prove it as aforesayd, that he shall be 
 imprisoned as afore wryten, and shall paye to the prflft of the 
 said citye half a marke, w'out any grace of pardon ; and that 
 the sayd paym' be levyed of there goods by and by, after the 
 offence done, and after thei hathe fayled of there proffe by the 
 Mynisters of the Court of the cytie aforesayde, with' any other 
 Sute to be made for the same pay' to be levyed ; and if it 
 chaunce any of the xxiiij of the sayd cytie to entreat for any 
 pay' to be mittigated of the sayd blasphemers, that straitway 
 w'o' delaye the sayd money shall be levyed in forme aforesayde 
 of the goods and catalls of him. that makythe def '. 
 
 By a municipal statute made in 1462, all citizens 
 were bound to attend the Mayor, in order to maintain the 
 pomp and dignity of his office, and otherwise. 
 
 Tempore, John Butler, Maiore. 
 
 At a Common Convocation there holden the Frydaye next 
 after the Feaste of S' John the Evangeliste, in the vii yere of 
 the Eaigne of Kinge Harry the VIII"', It is ordayned by John 
 Butler, then.Maior of the cytie afofesaide, David Anderson and 
 Peter Byrd, bailiffes of the same cytie, and all the Commons of 
 the same. That frome hensforthe everye cytizen of the cytie 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 51 
 
 aforesaide shall come at the commandemente of the Maior for 
 the tyma beinge, uppon paine of everie one of them that make 
 defaute to forfaite half a pounde of wex. 
 
 The following is an Ordinance for suspending Mr. 
 Woodman, an Alderman, for slandering the Mayor, and 
 other offences; and also on account of outrageous con- 
 tiuct at St. Maurice's Church :— 
 
 20* Sepf, 1656. 
 
 Whereas by former ord' Mr. John Woodman standing sus^ 
 pended from acting in or ptaldng of the Counsills of y' say* 
 citty, and hee having lately made applicacon to be heard therin, 
 this p'sent day being appoynted for that purpose, upon his 
 apparanee in this Assembly, and full debate had therin touching 
 y' same : It appearing that y° cause of such suspencon was for 
 words and actions spoken and used by him the sayd Mr. Wood- 
 man in the tymes of the respective Maioralties of Mr. Edmund 
 Eiggs and of Mr. Thomas Muspratt, in y^ years Sixteene 
 hundred and fiftie and Sixteene hundred fifty and one, That is 
 to say, to y" sayd Mr. Eiggs, upon conference witlr him in 
 councell of aifaires of y'^ sayd citty in a slighting and upbraiding 
 mann', saying, " Tush ! I would have had Jack Soppe of 
 " Hampton (being a notorious fool) have sayd as much to the 
 *' business as you have donne:" And for that hee, y"^ sayd 
 Mr. Woodman, in the Maioralty of Mr. Thomas Muspratt, being 
 
52 TRANSCRIPTS PROM 
 
 then a Justice of Peace within the sayd citty, and alsoe sworne 
 to be assistant unto the Maior then (contrary to the Oathes of 
 both y' sayd offices and the trust coinitted to him therin) did 
 on y° lords day appeare in the head of a tumultuous company, 
 who in a riotus mann' had broken up the dores of y° church 
 called S' Maurice Church, w"*" was by authority assigned to the 
 Minist" setled in the sayd citty : And y° Maior being informed 
 of that Eyott and unlawfuU assembly (according to the duty of 
 his place), went iia pson to pserve the publique peace. But the 
 sayd Mr. Woodman (notwithstanding the trust and Oathes 
 afforesayd) was soe farr fi-om assisting the Maior as a Justice of 
 y" peace or assistance, that he annimated that Eiotous party, and 
 affronted the Maior with many opprobrious tearmes, in soe much 
 that the company being encouraged by his bad example, did 
 very much abuse the Maior, y^ cheife officer of the same citty, 
 who for feare of further mischiefe then threatened, was com- 
 pelled (without disolviug y'' sayd Assembly) to forsake y° place, 
 to the greate dishono' of Magistracy, and as much as was in the 
 power of sayd Mr. Woodman, to the destruction of the Govern- 
 ment of y" sayd citty: And y° Minist' aft"""^ coming to the 
 sayd church to pforme his duty, was alsoe abused in the church, 
 and his Bible taken out of his Hands by y° comand or counte- 
 nance of y'= sayd Mr. Woodman, and was forced to leave the 
 church to his company ; And because the Ord""^' by w"*" 
 Mr. Woodman was suspended the CounciUs of this citty was too 
 gen'aU, Mr. Woodman did desire that y° pticulars might be 
 expressed w""" was this day agreed upon, And y= question being 
 putt, whether there was good cause for y' making of the sayd 
 
THE AKCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 53 
 
 Ord' of Suspencfion, It was gen'ally carried in the affirmative, 
 And tha;t y" Ord' should stand untill hee give, satisfacion unto 
 the citty as aflToresayd. 
 
 Certain citizens to wear decent gowns. 
 31" Oct', 1656. 
 
 Whereas this citty hath beene a very auncient and famous 
 citty, and in it there hath beene div'se laudable usages and 
 customes w"*" hath very much upheld the hono"' and esteeme 
 thereof; amongst w"'' it hath beene one auncient usage and 
 custome That the cittizens of y'= same citty have worne decent 
 Grownes upon sev'all occasions according to their sev'aU degrees^ 
 w""* hath beene a very great ornament to the sayd citty, aiid 
 hath putt a distinction betweene the sayd cittizens and others, 
 w"'' sayd custome of late hath beene very much neglected by 
 many of y' sayd cittizens, some having noe gownes at all, and 
 others who have gownes are such that are not suitable to their 
 places and degrees ; wherfore for the redressing of such 
 disord" in time to come. It is ordained and established, that 
 ev'y Alderman of y' sayd citty have three sev'aU Gownes (that 
 is to say), A searlett gowne, and two cittizens gownes as are 
 now. in use ; And that they weare their skarlett gownes ey'y 
 Sessions, Sessions and Burroughmotes to be holden for the sayd 
 citty. Days of thanksgiving, and at y' tyme of the election of y' 
 Maior ; and the Maior to' weare his skarlett gowne at y' 
 Assizes to attend y° Judges: And that they weare their 
 
54 TRANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 cittizens gowne w"" High should" on the Lord's day, and days 
 of Humiliacion, in the morning to y° church, and att all 
 publique assemblies ; and their other cittizens Gowne on y' same 
 days to church in the afternoone, and alsoe on Lecture days, and 
 at all times of being psent at reading proclamacions ; And that 
 each cittizen who shall heraft' be called to y' Bench have two 
 sev'all cittizens Gownes now in use (that is to say), A cittizens 
 gowne w* High should" to be worne at such times as the 
 Aldermen weare their Scarlett Gownes, and y' other cittizens 
 gowne to be worne at such time as the sayd Aldermen weare 
 their high should"' cittizens gownes : And that each cittizen who 
 shall heraff be made one of the Fower and twenty to have one 
 Gowne (that is to say), A cittizens gowne w"' cuffes, to be 
 worne at the sayd Sessions, Sessions and Burroughmote, and all 
 other publique meetings and assemblies of the Corporation as 
 aforesayd: And that ev'y freeman of this citty who at p'sent 
 have noe Gownes, and ev'y Freeman herafF to be made, have 
 one Gowne of the same making as y* cittizens gownes w* 
 velvett facing (without cuffes), or w* cuffes yf they please, to 
 be worne at the sayd Sessions, Sessions and Burroughmote, and 
 all other publique meetings and assemblies of the Corporation as 
 afforesayd, upon paine each Alderman making default for ev'y 
 tyme Two shillings six pence. Each Bencher Two shillings, 
 each xxiuj'" men 1° and vj*, and each freeman Twelve pence. 
 
 The following are some of the duties devolving on 
 the Mayor ; and amongst others to keep part of the city 
 
THE AEC HIVES OF WINCHESTEll. 55 
 
 walls in repair yearly, which was a very necessary ordi- 
 nance in those days when fortifications were so essential 
 to the preservation of the city. We frequently observe 
 that the Mayor was appointed Warden of the Castle, 
 
 IQ* Sept', 1632. 
 
 Item, That everie yeare a 10* part of the Town Walls shal 
 bee repay^ed by the Maior for the tyme beinge at the chardge 
 of the Chamber of the cyttie; which if the sayd Maior neglect 
 to doe, there shal be deducted out of his allowance ^610 : And 
 that there shall be uppon request deliv'ed unto Mr. Maior money 
 out of the Gofers for the same purpose. 
 
 By an Ordinance of the following date the Mayor 
 was to see the bread weighed and proper ale brewed : — 
 
 31" Aug", 27 Henry 8. 
 
 Itm. It is ordeyned and fuUy agreed by all the saide 
 assembly, that from hensforth the Maior of the cytie for the 
 tyme beinge shall wey the Ba;kers! bjeade w^in the saide cytie on 
 everye monethe duringe his mayoraltie ; and that he shall se 
 everye brewer w^in the cytie sell their ale accordinge to the 
 Proclamation that the BayUffs doo pclayme : And that no 
 Brewar shial be no Typler, uppon paine everye suche mayor to 
 forfaite at everye third defaulte duly provid by two sufficient 
 Witnesses, 40', and the brewar for his default at everye tyme 
 aa often as they offend, 6" 8*. 
 
56 TKANSCRIPTS FEOM 
 
 14* April, 31" Henry 8*. 
 
 Itm. The same daye and yere it is ordayned and fully agreed 
 by all the saide whole Assemble, that the Maior of the cytie for 
 the tyme beinge shall not admit above 24" to sell ale or bere, 
 and that they be of good behaviour and honest conversation; 
 and that they have their Signs accordingly. 
 
 6'" October, 1573. 
 
 [To prevent the Mayor carrying on an Inn, or sell Fish, being 
 derogatory to his dignity ; nor ride without a Servant,] 
 
 Imprimis, Yt ys ordayned and agreed that yt shall be 
 lawfull to and for Mr. Stephen Asheton, now Mayor of the 
 sayed citie, to dwell in the east pte of his house holden of the 
 Deane and Chapter of the Trinitie, and that duringe his 
 maioraltie he shall not use that parte of his house as an Inne : 
 And that yt shall be lawfuU for his wiffe and s'vnts onlie to use 
 all the residew of his howse as a comon Inne, in such sorte as yt 
 hath byn before lawfully used, any ordynance heretofore made 
 to the contrary notwithstanding : Provided alwaye, that yt 
 shal be lawful to and for the sayed Mr. Asheton to receve into 
 the sayed east part of his house any man of honor, or Justice 
 of Peace w^in this Shire, for their lodginge and diet, and such 
 other as shall repayre unto them or attende upon them. 
 
 Itm. Yt ys ordayned that the said Mr. Asheton shall not 
 himself at any time during his maioraltie sell any fisbe in the 
 
THE ARCHIVES OP WINCHESTER, 57 
 
 Streete or Streetes : And furder, that he shall not ryde to ,the 
 Sea for fyshe but when he shall have great occasion ; and when 
 he shall so ride, he shall not ride without a man to attend upon 
 him. Not to lodge any fisherman. 
 
 Itm. That yt shal be lawfuU to the sayed Mr, Asheton 
 duringe the tyme of his maioraltie to take in and lodge any 
 Fisherman or Eippiar w^in his Inne, so that he doo not buye or 
 cause to be bought any fyshe brought to the citie to be sould, 
 shoulde neither doo or suffer the same fishe, or any parceU 
 therof, to be soldo in hulster out of the open m'ket : Provided 
 alwaye, that he may buye or cause to be bought any fishe in the 
 open m'ket onlie for the pvision of his house, to be uttred w*in 
 the same house onUe, the saied ordynance notw^standinge. 
 
 Penalty on a goldsmith opening shop without serving 
 an apprenticeship or being admitted a freeman. 
 
 6* Aug', 1622. 
 
 Itm. It is agreed by the whole Assemblie, that whereas 
 there is one Thomas Frend, a Stranger, have lateUe sett up the 
 Trade of a G-oldsmith in the cittie of Winchester, contrarie to 
 the ciistome and usage of this cittie, without serving an appren- 
 ticeshipp for 7 yeres in the same cittie, and not being admitted 
 a Freeman by an Assemblie, to the great impoverishing of 
 others, and ill example hereafter for others to follow ; and that 
 being often warned to depart and his shop windowes shutt, by 
 
58 TKANSCKIPTS FROM 
 
 Mr. Maior, according to this ordinance and aiitient custome, and 
 obstinatlie refuseth so to doe, Therefore it shall be lawfuH for 
 Mr, Maior, according to this ordinance, to cause the goods of the 
 said Thomas to be distrained, and to levie 40' from henceforth 
 for everie Moneth so keeping Shop and using anie Trade or 
 occupation contrarie to 'this ordinance, and thereof to give an 
 accompt La the next Auditt, and to shutt up the shopp windowes 
 of the said Thomas, by his Officers, untni the said Thomas 
 departethe the Towne. 
 
 No foreigners were allowed to sell in the town. 
 
 9* Oct', 4* Elizabeth. 
 
 Item, That none Inhabitant of the cytie shall from hens- 
 forthe suffer anye foren pson to sell anye wares by retayle w"in 
 his howse, uppon payne to forfett for everye tyme offendinge 
 Qpntrarye to this ordinance 40" to the Chamber of the cytie, the 
 tymes of the two faires cinlye excepted. 
 
 No inhabitant permitted to have under-tenants with- 
 out the consent of the Mayor. 
 
 IS'*- August, 1566. 
 
 Imprimis, Y' ys agreed that no person w'Hn this citie other 
 then suche as be of the valewe of £5 in goods, to be adjudged 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTBK. 59 
 
 by the booke of Subsydie, shall have anie under tenente 
 dwellinge w* hym or hyr w*out the consent of the mayor for 
 the tyme beinge, and the more parte of his bretheme, uppon 
 payne to forfayt 2' every weeke so offendinge, or eUs to have 
 ymprisonment ev'y of the sayed weekes by the space of three 
 dayse. 
 
 At this time some of the most arbitrary enactments 
 were revoked, and the dictatorial power of the Mayor 
 abridged, more particularly in the taxation of the 
 artificers ; for it was ordained on 
 
 17* January, 1650, 
 
 Whereas by auncient usage, wherof y' memory of man 
 runneth not to the contrary, it hath beene accustomed, and y* 
 Maior and y" Aldermen of the sayd citty have annually taxed 
 and assessed the artificers and others inhabiting and using trades 
 within the same citty, and not free therof, as for y'' opening of 
 their Shop Windowes according to their discretions without any 
 lymitations in proportion. Now for that y" doing thereof, albeit 
 It have beene very antient, yet for that such custome seemeth to 
 be too much arbitrary, and may be made use of not only to 
 deprive the said inhabitants of their right of property, but for 
 and touchiag the levying of the sayd sums soe assessed, diverse 
 questions and doubts arise, and suits thereby may be occasioned. 
 And such prescription may be found to be too general in pointe 
 of law, for the ascertayninge whereof, and for the pventing of 
 
60 TEANSCBIPTS FROM 
 
 all such ineonveniencies as may for the future be occasioned for 
 or by reason of the sayd" assessing or taxing of the sayd Inhabit- 
 ants as afforsayd, It is this day ordered and ordayned.that it 
 shall and may be lawfuU to and for the Maio' and Aldermen of 
 the sayd citty for the tyme beinge, and others joyned with them 
 in counsell, annually to tax and assesse the sayd Inhabitants not 
 free of the sayd citty as formerly it hath beene accustomed ; 
 Provided nevertheless that such taxation or rate for the future to 
 be sett and imposed upon any person for that cause doe not at 
 any one tyme exceede the sum of Five Pounds, and not other- 
 wise, any former usage or custome to the contrary thereof in 
 anywise notwithstanding. 
 
 EECOEDEK. 
 
 The following are certain proceedings which were 
 instituted against a pugnacious Recorder of the time of 
 the Commonwealth, for assaulting an Alderman, dis- 
 paraging the Mayor and citizens, and defaming the 
 dignity and character of his Highness the Lord Pro- 
 tector: — 
 
 14*00^,1657. 
 
 Debate being made at this Assembly of the words spoken by 
 the Eecorder at the last , election concerning the , then Mayor, 
 
THE AKCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 61 
 
 elect, (vid') ''that he was a Drunkard and a swearer;" and 
 upon full debate, it being put to the que'Stion, it was unanimously 
 voated and agreed by the whole Assemble (who, or the most 
 parte of them, have knowne the conversation of the sayed Maior 
 elect for almost ■ thirty yeares), that y' aforesayed words of the 
 Recorder were rftalicious, false, and scandalous, to the greate 
 dishono' of the citty, and inconsistent with the duty of his 
 place. 
 
 TJpon which miscarriage of the sayd Eecorder, the Assembly 
 did take into their consideration the manifold misdemeanors of 
 him the said Recorder since the tyme of his being on the place, 
 and therupon did conclude that hee hath beene the principal! 
 occasion of the manifold differences that hath beene in the 
 Corporation these five years, as wUl appear by the particvdars 
 following : — 
 
 First. Y' the sayd Record', within one Month after hee was* 
 chosen into y' pla,ce, was drinking at Taverne with Mr. John 
 Woodman untill about Twelve of y° Clock at night, and there 
 (as Mr. Woodman then affirmed) being distemperd with wine, 
 hee assaulted the sayd Mr. Woodman, an Alderman of the citty; 
 upon w"'' many blowes followed, soe that both went home with 
 black and bluddy faces, y= usuaU badges of such cumbates. 
 And although y° Record' gave the first Assault and soe was the 
 cause of y° QuarreU, yett hee bound y" said Mr. Woodman to 
 the good behavio', who appearing at the Sessions, y° Record' 
 was not able to charge the fault upon him. And y' the Record' 
 gave y' first assault is evident by this. That Mr. Woodman 
 bringing his accon for that pticuler wronge, the Record' did 
 
62 TRANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 confess y^ accon, and upon a writt of Enquiry the Jury gave 
 Mr. Woodman Twenty Marks damages, by -w'^ not only the 
 indiscretion, but alsoe the injustice of y° Eecord' is manifest ; in 
 both vf"^ the Honor of the citty is very much impaired. 
 
 2'^. That ye next yeare, Mr. Harwood being Maio', the sayd 
 Becord' soe pVaUed upon him by his evill councill, that div'se 
 Ord" entred in the Assembly Booke, made and agreed upon by 
 y° Assemblys of this citty, were erased and obliterated, W* 
 being objected against by the Aldermen, y" sayd Eecord' did 
 owne and justifle the doing of the sayd illegal! Act, w"*" yf it 
 should be admitted, y' consequences therof must of necessity 
 bring distruccon upon this citty, for yf the Maior and Eecord' 
 may make null and voide some ord", they (by the same Eeason) 
 may others, and soe all : And what is lawfuU for one Maior to 
 doe is lawfuU for another, and soe all the Lawes of this citty by 
 this one Act thus owned and justified are, according to y" 
 Eecord" destructive councill and practice, alterable at pleasure, 
 w*'' is a principall inconsistent w* and destructive to our 
 Charters and all Gov'ment; w"*" sayd Act hath beene y° be- 
 ginning and y' cause of aU y= discords and differences that hath 
 beene in this Corporacon ever since. 
 
 3'^ That ye sayd Eecord' about One Moneth after did 
 advise and was psent at the comittm' to prison of Mr. Christo- 
 pher Hussey (then Chamberlin of y" citty), against Law and 
 Justice, hee having donne nothing worthy of punishment or 
 blame, being only for his denying to deliv' y= citty mony to the 
 then Maior, w* was noe ofience at all ; for yf hee had deliv'ed 
 the sayd mony hee had betrayed his trust, and must have 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 63 
 
 answered y= mony againe to y" citty ; for as y° Chamberlin is 
 not chosen by, so is hee not accountable to, y' Mayo' : But as 
 hee is chosen by the eittizens, soe is hee accountable unto 
 sworne Audito" elected by the sayd eittizens ; And yett for y' 
 refusing to deliv'' y* citty mony as afforesayd, by the counciU and 
 assistance of the Eecord' was y^ sayd Mr. Hussey comitted to 
 Prison. Nay, when he was by three Justices of the Peace 
 Bayled, the sayd Mr. Hussey was by y*^ advice and assistance of 
 Mr. Eecord' agaiae comitted for the same cause, w"'' is, against 
 all Law and y' privUedges of any Englishman, and is destructive 
 to y* Libertie of ev'y Freeman of this Corporacon, and against 
 the bono' and good gov'ment of this citty. 
 
 4"^, And when y° sayd Eecord' had drawne Mr. Harwood 
 (the then Maior) into aU the unjust and unbecoming accons hee 
 could, hee then unworthily and pfidiously betrayed him, and 
 deliv'ed up his very Lres that past betweene them during those 
 transaccons ; and by this his trecherous dealing betweene both 
 pties, he hath raised those differences that are not yett nor like 
 to be cordially ended, and hath therin manifested himselfe to be 
 a pson unworthy of Trust in this citty. 
 
 5'^. And wheras Mr. Dennett, late Maior of the citty, 
 received a writt called a Mandamus, wherin hee was required to 
 certifle unto y° Court of Upper Bench the cause of Mr. John 
 Woodman ; the sayd Maior, according to the duty of his place, 
 with the consent of an Assembly, made a just and true returne ; 
 but Mr. Eecord' did himselfe, and pswaded other eittizens alsoe, 
 to sett their hands to a falce and scandalous pap', wherin it was 
 affirmed that y° Mayo' had made the sayd returne ag' the mindes 
 
64 TRANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 of the corporacon, by the councill and advice of one pian only ; 
 In which Act hee hath charged the sayd Maio' with noe less a 
 crime then the breach of his trust and oath, for y" Maior's 
 setting his hand to y' returne is psumed to doe it nppon his 
 oath, and therfore it is y' the Court will not receive any averm' 
 agaiast the truth therof, because its psumed that such publique 
 Officers will not certifie any untruth under their hands ; soe that 
 by this one Act the Kecord' hath done all hee can to destroy the 
 G-ov'ment of this citty, and deprive us of all creditt and 
 reputacon, and questionless is in it selfe an Act contrary to and 
 inconsistent with any Gov'ment. 
 
 6'''. That y° sayd Eecord', to manifest his fierce malice ag' 
 the cittizens, did in y' p'sence of Mr. Thomas Muspratt, y' now 
 Maior, and Capt. Palmer, publish and declare " that y' cittizens of 
 " this citty were a company of Beggarly fellowes," w* must needs 
 tend to the dispairagment of the cittizens who have daily trade 
 and comerce in London and other places, and to the disabling of 
 this citty to be trusted with y° manadgm' of that power w* 
 'for some hundreds of years it hath beene trusted withaJl : and 
 how distructive this carriage is to the Corporacon, is left to any 
 understanding man to judge. 
 
 7'^. And farther to manifest his base and meane esteeme, hee 
 hath said of y° cittizens of this citty, and did in Councill house 
 declare, that there were " none to be found fitt to be Aldermen 
 " unless they were dropt out of Heaven." 
 
 And as his malice is sufficiently demonstrated ag*- the cittizens 
 in gen'all, soe in pticuler ag' Mr. Thomas Muspratt, now 
 Maior of this citty, for about a Moneth before Michas last the 
 
THE ARCHIVES OP WINCHESTEE. 65 
 
 sayd Eecord' being in the cumpany of div'se psons, did not only 
 himselfe publiquely declare and call y' sayd Mr. Muspratt to be 
 a knave, but desired and spake to Mr. Eoger Coreham then 
 p'sent to call him knave alsoe ; insoemuch that all y^ cumpany 
 p'sent were much ashamed to see a Record' of a citty behave 
 himselfe soe ridiculously ; and that this alsoe is much to the 
 dispairagm' of this citty and the gov'ment therof is evident, 
 and soe is contrary to his trust who is bound to p'serve the 
 creditt of this corporacon, and ev'y member of y' same, soe far 
 as lawfully hee may. 
 
 And farther to manifest his malice ag' Mr. Muspratt, now 
 Major, the sayd Eecord' did about a Moneth iDefore Michas 
 last, in y' p'sence of Mr. Champion and Mr. Munday, Aldermen 
 of this citty, say and aflSrme that hee would destroy or ruine the 
 sayd Mr. Muspratt, although hee made his way thorough Blood ; 
 in w"*" deportm' of his hee hath declared himselfe to be a pson 
 unfitt to be trusted in that society whose distruccon hee hath soe 
 often endeavored. 
 
 And farther to manifest y° pfidiousness of the sayd Eecord', 
 y cittizens have taken notice of y'' accusacon p'ferred ag' 
 Mr. Humphry EUis, for words spoken (as y° Eecord' sayth) 
 fower years since, w"'' words were these, "that yf all wrifgs and 
 " perms were at liberty it would make the Protector as black as 
 " the blackest devell in Hell : " for y' words alleaged were or they 
 were not spoken ; yf spoken, then y' Eecord' hath beene false to 
 his Highness the Lord Protector, in that hee being Eecord', and 
 swome to execute his office to y" best of his skill and know- 
 ledge, hee did, contrary to his Trust and Oath, conceale the 
 
 F 
 
bb TRANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 same, and lett it goe unpunished ; But yf the words were not 
 spoken (w""* wee beleave were not), then is y* Record' a most 
 false and dangerous pson, who upon a small difference would be 
 soe abominably wicked as to endevo' ye distruccon of a Man 
 and his family by soe false an accusacon ; and in this alsoe hath 
 declared himselfe to be a pson unfitt to be trusted. 
 
 And upon consideraeon of those manifold miscarriages of 
 the sayd Record' w* hee hath continued in since his being in 
 the said place, It is gen'ally agreed upon by the whole 
 Assembly that y* sayd Record' shal be and is herby suspended 
 from the exercise of the sayd place untill hee hath given satis- 
 faccon unto this Corporaoon for the manifold miscarriage and 
 abuse' afforesayd. 
 
 The Recorder pleaded no justification, and lost his 
 judicial appointment. 
 
 OBSERVANCE OF THE SABBATH, AND PROCESSIONS 
 ON HOLY DAYS. 
 
 The external respect paid by our ancestors to this 
 sacred institution stands forth very prominently in our 
 Municipal Records, commanding, on many occasions, 
 
THE ARCHIVES OP ■WINCHESTEK. 67 
 
 the utmost attention and solemnity, particularly as 
 regarded the closing of shops, and the non-exposure 
 of merchandise, except under certain restrictions, on 
 the Lord's-day; as well as the ordering of religious 
 processions or perambulations on various feasts or holy 
 days, and times of humiliation. 
 
 In Cathedral and Conventual churches the members 
 had their stated processions, wherein they walked in 
 their most ornamental habits, with music, singing hymns, 
 and other suitable solemnity ; and in every parish there 
 was a customary annual procession of the parish priest, 
 the patron of the church, with the chief flag or holy 
 banner, and the other parishioners, to take a circuit 
 round the limits of the parish or manor, and pray for a 
 blessing on the fruits of the earth ; to which we owe our 
 present custom of perambulation, which in most places 
 is still called processioning, and going in procession, 
 though we have lost the order and devotion, as well as 
 the pomp and superstition of it. 
 
 We will now detail the particulars attending one of 
 these processions : — 
 
 1435. 
 
 At a Convocation holden at the cytie of Winchester the 
 Frydaie next after the Feast of Corpus Christi, in the 13 yere of 
 the Eaigne of King Harry the sixt, after the conquest, It was 
 
TRANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 ordaynd by Eichard Salter, Mayor of the eytie of Winchester, 
 John Symer and Harry Putt, Bayliffs of the cytie aforesaid, and 
 also by aU the cytizens and comynaltie of the same cytie ; It is 
 accordid of a certain generall prosyon in the Feast of Corpus 
 Christi, of diverse artyfieers and crafts within the said cytie 
 beinge, that is to saie, that Carpenters and Felters shall goo 
 together First ; Smythes and Barbars, Second ; Cooks and 
 Bochers, Third ; Shomakers, wh two lyghtes, Fourthe ; Tanners 
 and Tapaners, Fyvthe ; Plummers and Silke men, Sixt ; 
 Fyshers and Furryers, Seventhe ; Taverners, Eight ; Wevyres, 
 with two lyghtes, Ningth ; FuUars, with two lyghtes, Tenthe ; 
 Dyars, with two lyghtes, Eleventhe; Chandlers and Brewars, 
 Twelvth ; Mercers, with two lyghtes, Thyrtenthe ; the Wyves 
 with one lyghte, and John Blake wh another lyghte, Fourteenthe ; 
 and all theise lyghtes shall be borne orderlie before the said 
 procession before the Priste of the cytie, and foure lyghtes of the 
 Bretheren of St. John's shall be borne abought the bodye of our 
 Lord Jesus Christ the same daye in the prosession aforesaid. 
 And if any of theis artificers aforesaid make any debate or 
 stryife, or els Do refuse herafter this ordynance, or do absent 
 himselfie from the prosession aforesaid, that then that crafte 
 w"'' soe dothe absent hymselfie or refuse shall forfait to the cytie 
 aforesaid 20^ aecordinge to the Discression of the mayor and 
 24"'' then there beinge, and shall have payne of imprisonment ; 
 and if any one crafte slander another he shall forfait 6' 8''. 
 
THE AKCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 69 
 
 1656. 
 
 (Treemen to meet at the High Cross and attend the Mayor to 
 
 Church in their Gowns.] 
 
 For the upholding and maintaining of y° honor and esteeme 
 of this citty, And to th'end y" cittizens mfty be an ornam"' 
 to the sayd citty, It is ordained and established that ev'y pson 
 and psons within this citty being free of the GuUd of Merchants, 
 shall from time to time, according to the ancient usage and 
 custome within this citty, on ev'y Lord's Day, days of 
 HumiUacon and thanksgiving, meete the Maior for the tyme 
 being in their Gownes at the High Cross within this citty, and 
 accompany him from thence unto the greate Church, And shall 
 return with him from thence unto y° said High Cross, there to 
 part and take leave; And also to accompany the Maior in 
 attending the Judges at ev''y Assizes to be holden for this 
 county, upon paine ev'y one making default and being found to 
 have bin absent and not to have attended as afforesayd three 
 several times, to pay the Sume of Two shillings to the Chamber 
 of the sayd citty. 
 
 [Shops to be closed on the Sabbath Day.] 
 
 At a Burghmote holden on the vij daye of October, in the 
 yere of the Eaigne of Kinge Harry the fourthe, after the 
 Conquest, the second, 
 
 To the honor of Almighty God, S' Marye the Virgin, and 
 of all Saints : 
 At a convocation of the Mayor of the citie of Winchester, 
 
70 TRANSCEIPTS FBOM 
 
 and of the xxiiii" his Piers, with th assent of -the hole com- 
 monaltie of the citie aforesayd, by the same Mayor, his Piers, 
 and the comynaltie at the same convocation there holden, the 
 Thursday next after the feast of the Holy Crosse, in the sixt 
 yere of the Eaigne of King Harry the sixt, it was ordayned and 
 accordid and ppetuallye to be observyd w'in the same citie. 
 That is to saye, y' all m'chaunts and artificers, of what crafte so 
 ev' the be, dwellinge w*in the citie, or that shall dwell, evri 
 Sondaye through the yere all the same daye shall shutt up their 
 Shopps, and there seUe not of there wares and merchandise, 
 whatsoever thei be, and shall have no Shopp Windowes that day 
 open, nother shall shew any of their Wares or M'chandise, noy' 
 to put any to sell uppon there Stalles, under payne of forfeiture 
 of 40S to be levied to the common profit of the citie aforesayd 
 by the mynisters of the same cytie, without eny contradiction. 
 
 gth j^^g,t^ 38 Henry 8'". 
 [Attending the Mayor to Church .] 
 
 It was ordeyned and agreid by all the hole assemble, that as 
 well everi of the xxiiij" as also all other the Fremen of the citye 
 aforesaide, every Sondaye and all other principal Feasts in tjone 
 of procession, shalbe attendant uppon the Maior for the tyme 
 beinge, at the CathedraU Churche, unto such tyme as the maior 
 retorne whome to his howse ; and no man to absent himselfe 
 w^out reasonable excuse, to be admitted and approved by the 
 sayd maior and other the Justices of Peace w^in the same citye, 
 uppon payne of evri man w'"' make defalte to forfett for evri 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 71 
 
 tyme so offendynge, if he be of the xxiiij", viii*, if he be of 
 the commons, 4*, or els imprisonment of a daye and night, at 
 the chois of the party so offendynge ; and the same forfeit to be 
 yeldid unto the Bayliffs for the tyme beynge. 
 
 5* March, 1576. 
 
 [To attend Sermons.] 
 
 Itm. T' ys agreed that every householder and every other 
 inhabitant, and so many of their famelie of this cytie as may 
 convenientlie be spared, shall ev'y Sondaye, and holydaye not 
 beinge a market daye, come to the Sermonds as well at the 
 Trinitie as at the CoUedge, and there contynew and abide in 
 decent order untUl th end of the Sermonde, upon payne of every 
 householder makinge defaulte to lose 4^ and every servaunt 
 taking waiges 2*, and ev'y other svnte above 14 yeres of age 1*, 
 or eUs for nonpayment thereof to be committed to warde, there 
 to remayne till he shalbe deliv'ed by the Mayor for the tyme 
 beinge of the saied cytie, and two of his bretherne, three partes 
 of which penaltie to be devided to the poore, and the 4* to 
 such parson and parsons as shalbe appointed from tyme to tyme 
 by the Mayor of the saied cytie for the tyme beinge and the 
 more parte of his bretherne, to have the view of the defaults 
 and in leveing of the penalties : Provided alwayes that none of 
 the sayed parsons shalbe touched by this ordynance which shall 
 have a sufficient cause to be absent, and allowed by the Mayor 
 of the sayed cytie and the more parte of his bretherne. 
 
72 TRANSCKIPTS FEOM 
 
 March, 1576. 
 
 Itm. Wheras an ordynance ys made in the tyme of Eobert 
 Hodson, late Mayor, in the 38*' yere of the Eaigne of King 
 Harry theight, coneernynge attendance to be geven by 24"° and 
 freemen of the cytie uppon the mayo' of the same ev'y Sonday 
 and pryncipall feast at Cathederall church of the Trynity, and that 
 the meaninge of that ordynance was as well for the attendaunce 
 upon the mayo' to and from the same church as at the church, 
 which attendaunce to the church ys utterly withdrawen, to the 
 grete dishworshippe and slaunder of the cytie : yt ys therfore 
 now ordayned and enacted by the whole Assemble, that the 
 meaninge of the saied Ordinaunce hath byn, ys, and shalbe 
 from henceforth taken and used as well for attendaunce upon the 
 mayo' the saied Sondayes and holydayes (m'ket dayse excepted), 
 as well from the house of the mayo' to the church as also from 
 the church to the mayor's house, uppon the paynes in the same 
 ordinaunce conteyned. 
 « 
 
 1656. 
 
 [Idle Children playing in the Great Church Yard.] 
 
 Forasmuch as the Lord's day is very much pphaned by a 
 disorderly sort of idle children in unlawfull Exercises and 
 pastimes in the greate church yarde, and the streets, and divers 
 other places within this citty. It is therfore ordained and 
 established by the Assemble, that the Parents of such children 
 doe for the tyme to come take care that their sayd children doe 
 
THE ABCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 73 
 
 not offend herin, upon paine of Two Shillings for ev'y tyme 
 that they shall neglect the same ; and for y' better discovery of 
 such unfawfull exercises and pastimes, It is ordained and 
 established that the constables and Beedle of the sayd citty doe 
 app'bend all such idle children who shall offend herein, and that 
 they cause them to goe before y= Maior, or some other Justice 
 w^in the sayd citty, there to be dealt withall according to the 
 Law. 
 
 [Almspeople to resort to Church.] 
 
 That aU the poore people within this citty who receive 
 ahnes, having no reasonable excuse for their absence upon the 
 Lord's day, day of publique thanksgiving and humUiacon, 
 diligently and constantly resort to some church within this citty 
 to hear prayer, preaching, reading and expounding the Scrip- 
 tures, or els to be debarred of their ahnes and allowance. 
 
 6* Henry 6* a.d. 1428. 
 
 Item, It is ordayned that all M" and wome bringing Gese, 
 Ducks, Capons, Pultrey, Wyldfowle, Piggs, Wotmeale, and any 
 other kinde of victuaUs or wares to the cytie, shaU sell the same 
 all the Saterdaye as aforesayde, and the Sonday next foUowinge, 
 frome sixe of the Clocke in the morning until eight of the same 
 Sondaye, to who so evr wUl bye them, w''out lett or impedyment 
 of any m°, and not after that houre, uppo payne of forfeiture 
 of the same Goods so soldo after the hours aforesayd, to the use 
 of the Mayoraltie of the sayd citie : And that none of the sayd 
 cytie buye any thinge of them after the hour aforesayd, under 
 
74 TEANSCBIPTS FBOM 
 
 tte same payne. And this Ordynance is. made for that purpose, 
 that as well Citizens as Straungers may the better serve and 
 please God, and intend their Divine Syvice the Sabbott day, 
 which is the Sondaye, and renounce worldly occupations, wych 
 tendythe to the detryment of there Soules : And this Ordynance 
 shall begin and take his force and eflFect frome Witsondaye yeve 
 next eomynge for evr, by the helpe of o' Lorde Jesus Christ, 
 wh lyvethe and raigneth the God, worlde w''out end. Amen. 
 
 These few enactments, we think, will maintain the 
 historian's assertion that Winchester was always entitled 
 to the honourable appellation of its being a well- 
 disposed, peaceatble, and godly city. 
 
 AMUSEMENTS AND PASTIMES OE OUE 
 EOEEFATHEKS. 
 
 In perusing the Municipal Records we cannot diS' 
 cover many enactments relating to the recreations of our 
 ancestors ; but it appears that bull-baiting and racing 
 were amongst their most popular and exciting sports. 
 Bull-baiting continued to be exercised in Winchester till 
 
THE AECHIVES OF WINCHESTBE. 75 
 
 a comparatively recent period, when it was abolished 
 throughout England by an Act of Parliament. 
 
 The first bull-bait in this country is said to have 
 taken place at Stamford, in 1209. The introduction of 
 it was as follows : — William, Earl Warren, lord of that 
 town, standing upon the walls of the castle, saw two 
 bulls fighting in the castle meadow, till all the butchers' 
 dogs pursued one of the bulls, with noise and multitude, 
 clean through the town. This sight so pleased the 
 Earl that he gave the castle meadow, where the bulls' 
 fight began, for a common, to the butchers of the town, 
 on condition that they should find a bull to be baited 
 every year for ever. 
 
 By an Ordinance of the 4th of August, in the twenty- 
 eighth year of the reign of Elizabeth, bull-dogs were 
 prohibited roving liroughout the city unmuzzled. 
 
 Itm. That noe parson within this citie shall suffer or permit 
 any of theire Mastife Doggs to gooe unmusseUed, uppon paine 
 of everie defalte herein of 3' i\ to be levied by distrease, to the 
 use of the Poore people of the citie. 
 
 At this period the Mayors transferred the site of 
 baiting from the Bull-ring of the city to the vicinity 
 of their own residences,— an infringement on the usages 
 of the citizens in which they would not acquiesce. 
 
76 TRANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 as the following enactment was passed to restore the 
 same to its accustomed locality : — 
 
 19* Nov', 30'" Henry 8*. 
 
 It is ordeyned, accorded, and fullie agreed by all the saide 
 whole assemble, that from hensforthe ther shalbe no Bulstake set 
 before any Mayor's Doore to bayte any Bull, but onlie at the 
 BuU Eiuge w^in the saide cytie. 
 
 Certain butchers were ordered to find bulls to be 
 baited, the other butchers contributing 6d. each yearly. 
 
 9* Sept', 1577. 
 
 On this day and yere it was agreed by Mr. Wni" Hall, 
 Mayor, and the more parte of his bretherne, with th assent and 
 consent of all the Butchers of the cytie there present, viz*, 
 William Lane, James Hibert, Eicharde Harvey, WUl"" Brexsione, 
 John VaUower, Will™ Chipman, Will"" Goodale, Bartholomew 
 Lardener, John Abbot, Edmonde Bodham, Eicharde Kente, and 
 Edward Gardener, That William Brexstone and Eicharde 
 Kente, and the Survivor of them, shall yerelie finde and pvide 
 for one sufficient fightinge BuU, to be bayted the first Boromote 
 daye, at such tyme and place of that daye, w'^in the cytie 
 Siforesaid, as shalbe from tyme to, tyme appointed by the Mayor 
 f(xr the tyme beinge, and so likewise ev'y other daye that weeke 
 in w"'' the Mayor doth kepe any Eeaste : And also that the 
 
THE ARCHIVIiS OF WINCHESTER. 77 
 
 aayed William Brexstone and Richarde Kente, and the Survivor 
 of them, do and shall finde a like BuU to be bayted as aforesaid, 
 the Sonday in w"'' the Bayliffs doo ryde the liberties of the 
 citie, and that they be bounde in fy ve poundes so to doo ; and 
 that they and the Survivor of them have of ev'y butcher of the 
 citie aforesayed, towards the findinge of the Bull aforesayed, 6'' ; 
 and that every of the sayed Butchers doo paye yerelie the sayed 
 6* the Boromote daye to the sayed Will" Brexstone and 
 Eicharde Kente, or the Survivor of them, upon payne to forfayte 
 ev'y of them 3' 4*, the one halfe to the sayed Will" Brexstone, 
 and the other to the Pore People of the cytie ; the same to be 
 levied by distresse by the Distrenors of the Mayor of the saied 
 cytie for the tyme beinge. 
 
 Horse-racing, from time immemorial, was a favourite 
 and national amusement, and formed part of the 
 entertainment on the occasion of Queen Anne and her 
 Consort visiting this city in 1705. 
 
 The lO'" of August, 1705. 
 
 In regard that Her Majesty Queen Ann and His Eoyal 
 Highness The Prince of Denmark design to be here about the 
 latter end of this Month, which is the time of Eacing, Therefore, 
 and for advancing the value of the City Plates, and for the 
 more encouraging the Inhabitants of this City to contribute and 
 subscribe more liberally towards the same, and in order to 
 
78 TRANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 improve the diversions of Her Majesty, The Prince, and their 
 Court, It is this day agreed in Council House, That David 
 Wavell, Esq", Mayor, shall pay out of the Coffer the sum of 
 Ten Pounds, as so much to be by him subscribed ia behalf of 
 the said city towards the said Plates. 
 
 20* AprD, 1634. 
 
 Ittn. That the cittie shall yearlie provide a cupp of the 
 value of £24, to be runn for at the race uppon Wendesdaie in 
 Easter weeke, accordinge to the Articles formerlie drawne. 
 
 3'^ July, 1646. 
 
 Itm. It is agreed by the said Assembly that Kalph Eigges, 
 Esq'', Mayor of the said city, shall have security under the city 
 scale to save him harmlesse for being engaged for the Eace cupp, 
 as shall be advised by the CoimceU of the said Mr. Mayor. 
 
 3'* July, 1676. 
 
 It is generally agreed upon at this Assembly, that the Comon 
 Seale of this eitty shal be putto and affixed to y" Instrum' now 
 read imto them for the providing a plate of Fiftie Ounces for 
 seven yeares, to be runn for the Thursday next after the last 
 Wednesday in August yearly: Provided that the Gentlemen 
 Subscribers to the other parte of y* Articles doe provide a Plate, 
 and runn for it the Wednesday before. 
 
THE AKCHIVES OF WINCHESTEK. 79 
 
 The representatives of the drama at this period did 
 not merit much support from our authorities, inasmuch 
 as we read that their performances tended to the 
 corruption of youth, and particularly the scholars of 
 St. Mary's College. 
 
 Friday the Sisth day of May, 1715. 
 
 It is this day Ordered and unanimously agreed by the 
 Mayor and Aldermen then assembled in Counsel House, that 
 whereas complaint hath been made of disorders committed by 
 the Players acting Interludes within this city, and that it tends 
 to the corruption of Youth, and that some of the young 
 Scholars of the School of the CoUege of St. Mary's have laid 
 out of the CoUege on this occasion, That the said Players be 
 forthwith commanded and forbidden not to act or play any more 
 Commedies or Tragedies within this city, and that they and every 
 of them do forthwith depart out of the city, upon peril of the Law. 
 
 Our predecessors could not resist the pleasure of 
 a little speculation by gambling in the Lottery ; for by 
 an item in the coffer book it appears a sum was 
 advanced for that purpose, viz.: — 
 
 1566. 
 
 Taken out of the Coffer the sum of £10 towards the next 
 drawen of the Lottery. 
 
80 TEANSCEIPTS FROM 
 
 And by an order of , 
 
 30'" July, 1568. 
 
 Itm. That j£3 be taken out of the Coffers of the eytie and 
 be put into the lottrey, and so moehe more money as shall make 
 up evyn Lotts w"" those that are contrybutory of the cytie, so 
 that it pass'' not 10% 
 
 NEW YEAE'S AND OTHEE GIFTS. 
 
 It may be interesting to record the good-will and 
 feeling exercised by our citizens, on the amval of a 
 new year, to their judicial representatives, on their 
 periodical visitation to Winchester. 
 
 New Year's Gifts are of very ancient origin, for we 
 read of the Romans, in the very earliest period of their 
 history, presenting to one another, at certain annual 
 festivals, figs, dates, honey, &c., and, probably, from that 
 nation the custom was handed down to a later period, 
 and continued in this city to be publicly acknowledged ; 
 for we find an interesting memorandum, of the 35th 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 81 
 
 Elizabeth, that the Marquis of Winchester and the 
 Recorder were remembered as follows, viz. : — 
 
 21^' December, SS* Eliz". 
 
 The same dale and yere it was agreed that there shalbe 
 geven unto the Lord Marquis of Winchester for his newe yere's 
 guifte for this yere to come, Twoo Sugar loves of Tenne Pounds 
 a piece; and also that there shalbe geven unto Thomas 
 Flemynge, Esq", Recorder of the citie, for his newe yere's 
 guifte, a Sugar loffe of 12 lbs; and that the Mayor and his 
 Bretherne, the second day of January next in beinge, shall ride 
 to Abaston to see the said Lord Marques. 
 
 31^' Dec, 34* Eliz'". 
 
 The same dale and yere it is agreed that the Chamberlaines 
 
 of the citie shall geve unto Thomas Fleming the yno', Esquior, 
 
 Recorder of the citie, for a new yere's gifte, a figed loffe, 
 
 .weyinge 9^'" 14°^', amountinge to 11' 3*; and also unto 
 
 Mr. Fraunces MiUs, Twoo Turke cocks, amounting to 5'. 
 
 24*'' March, 34'" EHz*. 
 
 The same dale and yere it is agreed that there shall be 
 geven unto the Lord Marquis of Winchester one Sugar loffe of 
 5"", and 1 Gallon of sacke, at his comynge to the Lent Assizes. 
 
 G 
 
82 TBAJTSCRIPTS FKOM 
 
 24"' May, 23'* Eliz'\ 
 
 The same daie and yere it is agreed that the Chamberlaines 
 of the citie shall paie and satis'fie for a gallon of clarret Wine 
 and a gallon of sacke, given to Sir John Norris, Knighte, at his 
 beinge in the citie. 
 
 22»* Sept', 34* Eliz'\ 
 
 The same daie and yere it is agreed that a gallon of claret 
 Winej a Pottle of Sacke, and two Poundes of Sugar, geven to 
 the Lord Marques at his last being in the citie, shalbe paide for 
 by the Chamberlaines of the citie. 
 
 THE DEPEESSED CONDITION AND LOYAXTY 
 OF WINCHESTER. 
 
 The following are copies of certain Petitions pre- 
 sented to Philip and Mary, the Lord-Lieutenant of the 
 County, and others, reciting that, for several causes, and * 
 more particularly by reason of the war and plunder of 
 the Parliament party, who forced from the city £1,400, 
 it had been reduced to great impoverishment and decay, 
 
THE ARCHIVES OP WINCHESTER. 83 
 
 and totally unable to maintain its poor population, then 
 amounting to two hundred families. It is a pleasing 
 reflection, that although " spiritless, afflicted, fall'n," 
 the inhabitants retained, in their sad vicissitude, the 
 most generous sympathy and loyalty to their unfortunate 
 and distressed Sovereign, Charles I. ; not the mere pro- 
 fession of the lip, but the purest practical loyalty, by 
 lending his Majesty ^1,000, and sending him to Oxford 
 all their plate, amounting to £300 more ; and even the 
 Corporation contributed the value of their city plate, 
 amounting to £58 16s. 3d. 
 
 [A Peticon to the Kinge and Quene's Matie concerning the re- 
 mission of the Ulnage (a duty on cloth). PhiU. & Mary.] 
 
 To the Kinge and Quene, o' moost graciouse Soveraigne 
 Lorde and Ladye. 
 
 In moost humble wise showen unto yo' moost Eoyall ma*'" 
 yo' humble, faithful!, and obedient subjects, the Maior, Bailiffs, 
 and Comnalties of yo' citie of Winchester, that wheas the same 
 yo' citie in tyme past hathe bin a citie of great fame, wealthe, 
 and prosperite, by reason of a cotynuall marte and staple of 
 longe tyme there kept, and by the comon repayre of Venetians 
 and all mchant stranngers to yo' port of Suthmpton w*" all kinde 
 of mchandise, many great and notable mchants were then 
 dwellinge w'ia the sayd citie, there exercisinge the seat of 
 
84 TRANSCEIPTS FROM 
 
 mchandise, to the great comon wealthe of yo' sayd citie, and 
 nowe ruined and decayed of longe tyme past by reason that the 
 sayd marte and course of mchandise to yo' great sayd port 
 hathe not bin cotynewied and frequented of longe tyme as then 
 it was : By the want wherof yo' ma"" sayd citie, and yo' poor 
 citizens and inhabitants of the same, bin utterly ruined and 
 decayed, and myche rather shold have bin, had not the goodnes 
 of the moost noble and worthi prince, of famouse memorye, 
 Kinge Henrye the vij"", bin unto them extendyd, by reason of 
 his graciouse discharge of them of xxvj^ vi" iiij*, parcell of 
 there fee ferme for the terme of thre score yerys nowe almost 
 expired. After wh terme expired the charge will renewe uppo 
 yo' sayd citizens, not able to sustaine the cotynuall paime' as 
 there boundon deuties requirethe : And yo' sayd pore citizens 
 beinge nowe veray fewe in nombre, be as greatly charged as 
 well w' the sayd fee ferme, and w' all fiftenys and tenthes, as 
 thei were when the citie was moost populiouse and properouse : 
 For remedi whereof yo"' sayd pore citizens made there sup- 
 plication unto the moost noble prince, of worthi memorye, 
 Kinge Edwarde the Sixt, yo' ma"'^ moost dere brother, at his 
 grace's beinge at yo' sayd citie of Winchester, moost humbly 
 desyringe his grace by the same to extend his moost graciouse 
 favor to be shewed unto them for there releiffe in that behalf, so 
 that thei myght be discharged of fifty marks, parceU of one 
 hundrethe marks, w'' is there fee ferme : And also that thei 
 might have of his grace's gyfte certayne small tenements and 
 rents growen unto his ma"° w'n the sayd citie and subyrbs by 
 the suppression of the late monastery of Hyde and other 
 
THE AECHIVES OP WINCHESTER. 85 
 
 religiouse howses, amountinge to the some of xvj* by the yerre, 
 the yerrely charge and reparations thereof alowed, as by a bill 
 of pticulars to the same supplication anexed it dyd appeare : 
 And his grace seinge the ruinouse state of the sayd citie, and 
 miche lamentinge the same, of his graciouse goodnes grannted 
 unto yo' sayd citizens aU the small tenements and rents before 
 mentioned : And the sayd grannt being signed w' his grace's 
 hande, and ready to passe under his highnes' great seale, it 
 pleasyd almighti god to call his ma''° unto his mercye, whereby 
 the sayd grannt toke none effect, and so the sayd citizens 
 remayneth yet unholpen, to there great discomfort, and w'out 
 hope of all remedye, except yo' highnes extende yo' mcifiiU 
 elemecy to them in that behalf : And therefore yo' sayd faithfull 
 and pore citizens moost humblye desire your Eoyall ma""' that 
 it may please yo' highnes to grannt to them for there releiffe 
 suche petitions as hereafter in articles ar coprehendyd. First, 
 that they may be by yo' highnes discharged of fyftye marks, 
 pcell of there sayd fee ferme, for the space of thre score yerys. 
 
 Item, That thei may have of yo' grac's gifte to them and 
 there successors for evr, the sayd tenements and rents 
 specified in the sayd Bill of particulars, w"* is also hereunto 
 annexed. 
 
 Item, That all clothes, as well kerseis as brode clothes, from 
 hensforthe to be made w'n the citie of Winchester and the 
 suburbs of the same, and sealyd w* a seale for that purpose to 
 be devised w'n the sayd citie, may passe at and frome the porte 
 of Southampton, creekes and members of the same, out of 
 England in to all parts beyonde the seas, payinge but oneley the 
 
86 TBAN8CEIPTS FROM 
 
 moyte of the eustome dewe . to yo' highness by the Lawes and 
 statuts of y' realme, duringe the terme of xlj re yerys, any lawe, 
 statute, or custom to the contrary notw*standinge. 
 
 Item, That thei may have of yo' highnes grannt a leasse of 
 the rvnsion of the ferme of the Ulnage of clothe to be made 
 win yo' counti of Suthmpton for the terme of thre score yerys, 
 paienge yerely unto yo^ highness the olde accustomed rent for 
 the same. 
 
 Whiche releiffe, if it may licke yo' ma"" to extend yo' sayd 
 citizens' trust, the same shall revive yo' said cytie in to good 
 estate, to serve and praye for yo' ma"" as their bounden dueties 
 requirethe, in longe and prosperiouse healthe and Boyall estate 
 Victoriouslye to Raigne and cotyneue. 
 
 In consequence of the severe distress heretofore 
 alluded to, and in the hope of mitigating the same, our 
 ancestors petitioned the Marquis of Winchester and 
 others to assist them in making the river Itchen navigable 
 from Winchester to Southampton : a memorial worth 
 perusing. 
 
 [Conceminge the River of Itchen, to make it navigable from 
 Winchester to Southampton.] 
 
 "Wee the Mayo', Baylyffs, and Comonaltie of the Cittie of 
 Winchester, doe certifie that the sayd Citie is a very ancient 
 Citie, and as the Cronacle infonnes us, built by Kinge 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 87 
 
 Eudhudebras, and was the EoyaU Seate of t3ie West Saxon 
 Kings, wherein Egbert and Elfred, two great Monarchs, w«re 
 Crowned, ye Koyal Nuptialls of King Philipp and Queen Mary 
 there solemnized, and also divers Kings and Queens interred in 
 the Chathedrall Church there ; and heretofore famous for riches 
 and trade, But by reason of former and ye late Warrs it is very 
 much ympovrished (BAg a Garrison for the late King, of 
 bkssede memory) ; and to expresse our affection to His Majesty, 
 lent him a Thousand Pounds, and voluntarily sent him to 
 Oxford all our Plate, amounting to Three hundred Pounds 
 more ; and for oiu- Loyalty were several! tymes most extramely 
 plundred by the Parliament Party, and the Castle and divers 
 Houses of great value by them demolished : And att such tyme 
 as they had gOtt«i the upper hand and taken the sayd Citie, 
 .they forced from us Fourteen hundred Pounds more, soe that the 
 Elevenue hereof now remayninge, besides Taxes of the Inhabit- 
 ants, is not sufficient to releeve our Poore, who consist of above 
 Two hundred Famylys : And the sayd Citie not able to under- 
 take any Manufacture to set them on worke, and here being no 
 Road or thoroughfare, Trading is altogether decayed : And 
 having seriously considered amongst ourselves what course to 
 take for the rdeefe and setting our Poore on workfe, cannot 
 fynde out a better expedient than by making the Eiver of 
 Itchin navigable between the sayd Citty aud Southampton, wch 
 wouM not only procure Tiading, and bee a meanes to sett the 
 Poore on worke, but also would be very advantageous to that 
 whole County, tiie consideration of wch sayde good worke, 
 Wee the sayd Maior, Balyffs, and Comonalty doe humbly tend-er 
 
88 TKANSCEIPTS FROM 
 
 unto The E' Honble John, Lord Marquiss of Winchester; 
 Thomas, Earl of Southampton, Lord High Tre' of England, 
 Lord-Lievetent of the sayd County, and the rest of the 
 Nobilitie of this County ; The Eight Eeverende Father in God, 
 Bryan, Lord Bph. of Winchester; The Eeverend Deane and 
 Chapiter of the Chathedrall Church here ; The E' Wor" the 
 Warden and Fellowes of Winchester CoUedge, and the Gentry, 
 and all other pious and charitable harts in this County, whose 
 concurrence and helpe herein we doubt not, may be an effectuall 
 accomplyshment hereof. In Witnes whereof, we the sayde 
 Maior, Baylyffs, and Comonalty, have hereunto as well 
 subscribed our hands as also affixed the Comon Seale of the 
 said Citty. 
 
 Geoven the Fyvteenth day of November, in the Twelfth 
 year of the Eaigne of o' Sovereign Lords Charles the Second, 
 by the Grace of God of England, Scotland, France, and Ireland 
 Kinge, Defendar of the Fayth, a.d. 1660. 
 
 John Mundey, Mayor. 
 
 30* December, 1643. 
 
 Taken out thene of the Coffer these several parcells of 
 Plate, and delivered unto Mr. Jasper Cornelius, appoynted to 
 receive the same for His Majesty's use, by virtue of a letter sent 
 from His Majesty to the Maior and Aldermen of this Cytie for 
 the loan of Money on Plate, for the maintenance of the 
 Army, by the consent of the Maior and all the Aldermen of 
 this Cytie : — 
 
THB ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 89 
 
 One Silver Ewer, weighing 32 J oz. 
 
 Three Silver Beer Bowles, weighing ... 34J oz. 
 
 Two SUver Wine Bowles, weighing . . . 15f oz. 
 
 One Gilt Bowie, with the Cover 31^ oz. 
 
 One Great SUver Salt, weighing 28 oz. 
 
 One Silver Tankard 19^ oz. 
 
 One Silver Bason, weighing 74' oz. 
 
 Total 235i oz. 
 
 Which, according to the directions of the said letter, at 5' an 
 ounce, amount unto £58 16s. 3d. 
 
 The following is an interesting Petition, reciting that 
 the navigation had been completed, notwithstanding the 
 constant opposition of the authorities of the town of 
 Southampton, who are charged with falsely and 
 maliciously representing that the formation of the 
 same was intended to carry on a clandestine trade : — 
 
 To the Eight Honorable the Lords Commissioners for the 
 management of His Majestie's Treasury. 
 
 The Humble Petition of the Mayor, Bailiffs, and 
 Comonalty of the Citty of Winchester, 
 
 Humbly Sheweth, 
 
 That whereas the undertakers for making the 
 River Itchen navigable from this ancient Citty to Southampton 
 
90 TRANSCEIPTS FBOM 
 
 Eiver, hath through greate difficulties and immense expence 
 (notwithstanding the constant opposition of the Town of 
 Southampton), brought that work to perfection, to the great 
 benefit of this Citty and Country, as well as the adjacent 
 Countrys : And whereas the Town of Southampton hath most 
 falsely and maliciously represented to your Lordships by their 
 late Petition, as if the business of this Eiver was to carry on a 
 clandestine Trade, to the prejudice of His Majestie's Kevenue, 
 which they in their consciences know to be untrue ; • but the 
 truth of the case is, they would wholly make a monopoly of 
 Trade to their own selfish interest, and deprive His Majestie's 
 Subjects of the benefit intended them by this Act of Parlia^ 
 ment, there is no Goods or Merchandize designed to be landed 
 at this new Wharf complained of but Coals and the Norway 
 Trade, and those in the presence of an Officer of the Customes, 
 to attend at the charge of the Merchant; all Bale Goods, 
 Liquors, &c., were ever landed at the Quay at Southampton. 
 
 Your Petitioners therefore humbly pray that your Lordships 
 win take this matter into your serious consideration, and give 
 encouragement to an undertaking so much to the benefit of the 
 Subject and increase of Trade, as well as of His Majestie's 
 Customs. 
 
 And your Petitioners shall ever pray. 
 
THE ARCHITES OF WINCHESTER. 91 
 
 THE PLAGUE. 
 
 We will now enumerate some of the sanitary enact- 
 ments and precautions passed and adopted by our 
 afflicted progenitors to arrest or mitigate this fearful 
 pestilence ; but all that science, sympathy, or exertion 
 could dictate or procure proved ineffectual to stop its 
 fatal career, and no locality suffered more in proportion 
 to its population than our devoted city. 
 
 The following is a Petition to the then Lord Chief 
 Justice of England, Sir Thomas Fleminge, which will 
 establish its uncontrolled dominion over a family, 
 consisting of the goodwife and mother, and the five or 
 six children who were residents in the house first 
 infected. 
 
 To the Right honorable S' Thomas Ffleming, Knight, Lord 
 Chief Baron of his Ma'"«" Exchequer. 
 
 In moste humble wise y' pore and daily Orato', Willm 
 George, of the citie of Winton, Mason, complayninge, sheweth 
 unto yo' good Lordship, that whereas yo' said orator had one 
 Robert, the sonne of John Beard, of the said citie, who was 
 bounde unto yo' said orator an apprentice, by Indenture, for the 
 tenne of vij yeares : May it please yo' good L. to understand 
 
92 TRANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 that some three yeres past, at what time God visited the citie 
 with the plague, the howse of the said John Beard being the 
 first howse infected in the same citie, but as then not presently 
 known, the good wife and mother of yo' said orator's apprentice 
 falling first sicke, he farther requested yo' pore orator that his 
 said servant might come and to tend unto his mother, the which 
 y' L. said orator permitting, the woman very shortely died, and 
 so did all the rest of the familie, to the number of five or six 
 psons, onely yo' pore orator's apprentise left alyve;, and the 
 contagion then knowne being so great, yo' said orator's servant 
 was kept close from the concourse of people, and had his 
 maintenance at the citie's chardge, by the space of vij or viij 
 weeks ; after which time yo' said orator's apprentice offred to 
 him to be receved again, but mistrusting that the infection 
 might bothe indannger himself and his neighbors, onely 
 requested to stay him for some fortnight or three weeks longer, 
 uppon which request one Mr. Lurken, of the said citie, came in 
 the maior's name and demannded the boy's Indenture, pro- 
 mising yo' said orator to deliver him the said Indenture againe. 
 All which notwithstanding it may please yo' good L. to 
 understande that the said Indenture is not only reteyned 
 from yo' poor orator, but also denied him his apprentice, • 
 except he will pay xxx" for charge the citie had bene at for 
 his maintenance during the time of his keepinge in. These 
 considered, may it please yo' good Lordship to use some 
 favourable meanes that yo' pore orator may have his said 
 apprentice again. In obtayninge whereof yo' pore orato' shall 
 be bounde duringe life to pray unto God for the prosperus 
 
THE ABCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 93 
 
 estate of yo' good Lordship, in helth and felicitie longe lastinge 
 days to indure. 
 
 Then follows, in his Lordship's own handwriting, this 
 reference : — • 
 
 Mr. Prqulr, I pray yo to send for the pties and examine the 
 Contents of this peticion : if the same be true, then it semeth 
 the peticion' is hardly dealt w'' ; aU w"*" I referr to you' good 
 order to end and determine. — ^Monday, 16 June, 1606. 
 
 You' lovinge ffriend, 
 
 To= Flemyng. 
 
 We cannot enter into a detail of the cause or eifect 
 of this scourge ; it will be sufficient to state that, in 
 1348, the most universal pestilence prevailed throughout 
 the world, which was known by the awful appellation of 
 " The Black Death," and raged fearfully for many 
 months throughout Europe, everywhere defying the 
 power and skill of man, and sweeping millions to a 
 premature grave. 
 
 From time to tim§ this malady appeared in our 
 country, and in this city ; and, during the early part of 
 the seventeenth century, London was almost annually 
 visited by the pestilence, attributed by many to the 
 
94 TBANSCBIPTS FROM 
 
 generally confined thoroughfarres, and the absence of 
 sanitary regulations ; but in March, 1665, its presence 
 was more awfully denoted, and in June the disease 
 spread in a fearful manner. 
 
 On the 13th of May, a Privy Council was held at' 
 Whitehall relative to the infection ; and, with a view 
 to checking its progress, the College of Physicians 
 drew up a small pamphlet, containing directions 
 for the cure of the pestilence, and for preventing 
 contagion. One of the prescriptions is somewhat 
 amusing : — " Pull ofi" the feathers from the tails of living 
 " cocks, hens, pigeons, or chickens, and holding their 
 " beaks, hold them hard to the botch or swelling, and so 
 " keep them at that part till they die, and by this means 
 " draw out the poison. It is good, also, to apply a 
 " cupping glass, or embers in a dish, with a handful of 
 " sorrel upon the embers." 
 
 ■ We can imagine the universal despair attending the 
 presence of the terrible invader, when houses were 
 marked with red crosses ypon their doors, denoting 
 that the Angel of Death was within ; and " Lord have 
 mercy upon us" written thereon, for vain was the help 
 of man. 
 
 The Great Fire which des^yed a large part of 
 London, in 1666, twelve months after the disappearance 
 of the pestilence, may be said to have banished the 
 disease from the metropolis ; for the city was rebuilt on 
 
THE AHCHITES OF WINCHESTEK. 95 
 
 a more open scale, with some degree of reference to the 
 health of the inhabitants. 
 
 As we have stated before, the Plague proved very 
 destructive to this city. At first, these western counties 
 were thought to be the most free from danger j accord- 
 ingly, the King came hither to avoid it. Very soon 
 afterwards, however, namely, early in the year 1666, the 
 disease raged in this city to a fearful extent. The 
 dead, as in London, were carried out by cart-loads at 
 a time, and buried on the eastern Downs, as the mounds 
 of tui-f still indicate. Almost all trade and mutual 
 intercourse were now at an end; nor was it without 
 great difficulty that the necessaries of life were procured, 
 and the third great calamity, famine, averted, by 
 inducing the country-people to bring their provisions to 
 a weekly market, which was held, with all jealous 
 precautions possible, upon a rising ground beyond the 
 West Gate, where the Obelisk is now erected. 
 
 No rational causes can be assigned for this visitation ; 
 but it is worthy of remark, that it commenced in places 
 unventilated and deficient in the supply of water. This, 
 together with the unusual drought, no doubt were pre- 
 disposing causes, it being, as good old Baxter tells us, 
 the " dryest winter, spring, and summer, that ever man 
 " alive knew, or our forefathers ever heard ; so that the 
 " grounds were burnt like the highways, and the 
 " meadows where I lived having but four loads of hay. 
 
96 TRANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 " which before bare forty. Superstition, too, and fana- 
 " ticism availed themselves of so inviting an opportunity 
 " for displaying themselves in all their wildness and 
 " folly. Signs and wonders were seen in the heavens 
 " above, while the ghosts of the dead walked upon the' 
 " earth beneath ; and pretended prophets denounced, 
 " ' Yet forty days and London shall be overthrown.' 
 " So awful was the mortality, that not less than 130,000 
 '•' perished in London ; and in the first week of Sep- 
 " tember in that year, not less than 10,000 died in one 
 " week. The winds of the autumnal equinox at length, 
 " however, set in ; and from that moment a perceptible 
 " change for the better was apparent ; and in December 
 " the pestilence had nearly disappeared." 
 
 The earliest sanitary enactment we can discover for 
 regulating the sale of wholesome meat and fish occurs 
 in the first year of the reign of Henry IV., a.d. 1399, 
 whereby our citizens were prohibited from buying meat 
 or fish of strange butchers or others, in the following 
 words, viz. : — 
 
 [In order to obtain wholesome Victuals fit for Man's Body.] 
 
 A Congregation holden at Winchester the Thursday next 
 after the Feast of St. Brice, in the fyvthe yere of the Eaigne of 
 Harry the fourth, after the Conquest, It was assented and agried 
 that straunge bochers stand in there places to them assigned, 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 97 
 
 and not in divers places as before this it hathe byn used ; and 
 that thei bringe w' them the hide and the tallowe of every beast 
 killed out of the citie. 
 
 Item, The same daye it was ordayned that no Fysher sell 
 his Fyshe in hulster, and that in Som' they sell not before six of 
 the olocke, and in Winter before seven of the clocke in the 
 Mominge, upon payne of forfeiture of then- Fyshe : And that 
 no Citizen bye any victulls of any Straunger fysher, nothe' of 
 anye other out of the comon market, upon payne of forfeiture : 
 And that no Fysher nother Cooke dweU" wHn the citie be no 
 byer for no Lorde, nor for other Straunger, as thei hathe done 
 before this tyme, in no wyse, except he be an howsholde 
 servant. 
 
 Then follows an Ordinance as to cleansing the city, 
 made in the eighth year of Henry V., a.d. 1421, issued 
 by the Mayor and Commonalty, to keep the water in the 
 King's River pure and unpolluted, by ceasing to throw 
 any wodegore in the daytime into the river — a herb 
 of a blue colour used in the dyeing of cloth, the staple 
 commodity of the city, as follows : — 
 
 At a comon convocation holden at Winchester the iiij"" 
 yeare of Harry the fythe, it was ordained by the Mayor and all 
 the whole Comynaltie of the cytie aforesayd, that all Dyers, or 
 any other of what state or condition soever he be in tyme to 
 come, after the Sone rysinge in the morninge, and before Sone 
 
 H 
 
98 TRANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 sett, dothe throwe or cause to be throwne any wodegore into 
 the King's Eyver at Winchester, until it be night, shall be 
 amerced in 6* ; and that the 6* shall be levyed of his goods and 
 catteUs, to the use of the bailiffe, without any contradiction or 
 tariens, by the mynisters of the Court ; as often as it shall frome 
 the Sonne rysinge to Sonne sett, be founde, pvyd, or knowen, 
 the Offender shalle be amerced as aforesayd. 
 
 On the 22nd of September, 6th Philip and Mary, 
 much sickness prevailed in Winchester ; for we find the 
 following Ordinance passed in that year : — 
 
 Item, That the stopping of the Brooke for this present yeare 
 be dispensed with all, for the great sickness in the cytie, any 
 act or Ordinance heretofore made to the contrary notwith- 
 standing, so that the Brook called St. EJieU's brooke be drawen 
 and scowred. 
 
 Our ancestors were anxious that all dwelling-houses 
 should have a good supply of water; and to provide for 
 such necessity, a tax was assessed upon the defaulters, 
 as well as those who threw any corrupt water into the 
 street. Even in those days it is apparent that pure 
 water was considered necessary to health. 
 
 Itm. That it shall be lawful for the Maior and the mora 
 part of his brethrene to assess and tax the Inhabitants of this 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WIirOHESTEE. dd 
 
 eytie weh have no Wells of their owne,. or doe fetehe water at 
 the comon well of the cytie; and that such money as shal be 
 assessed shal be exacted, and the extract thereof to be delivered 
 to two such persons as shall be named by the Maior and the 
 more parte of his brethren to be coUeetors of the same ; And 
 that it shall be lawful to the said Collectors, or one of them, to 
 distrain any persone taxed that shall refuse to pay, and the 
 distress taken to keepe until he or they refusing shaU satisfy, 
 such sum so upon them to be taxed : Provided hereby no liberty 
 be given to any man to cast any corrupt water in the High 
 Streete. 
 
 We find that, in the sixth year of Edward VL^ the 
 Mayor was elected at his own residence, instead of 
 St. John's House, for fear of the pestilence that might 
 ensue. 
 
 The 22'"' Sep*, 6"' Edw'' 6, 1553. 
 
 First it was agreid at this Assemble that the Election be 
 kept at the Howse of Eobert Hodson, Mayor, partlye for that 
 he the sayd Eobert is so impotent and sicke that he is not able,- 
 w''out perill of his life, to go to Saint John's House, where the 
 election was and is accustomed to be kept ; partly also for that 
 he and his Companye be credyblye informed that a Boye was 
 brought into the said S' John's House having two pestilent 
 sores uppon him, so that thereof might much infection and 
 inconvenience ensue ; and this agreement to stand in force for 
 
100 TBANSCKIPTS FROM 
 
 this tyme onlye, any act, usage, custom, or ordinance heretofore 
 had, made, or accustomed to the contrary in anywise not- 
 ■w''standinge. 
 
 Also, in 1564, the usual supper given by the Mayor 
 to the Corporation was discontinued, for avoiding the 
 danger of the Plague. 
 
 le* June, 6* E]iz'^ 1564. 
 
 First, that for divers considerations, and spesially for 
 avoyding the danger of the Plague now remaininge (which God 
 for his mercy cease), it is agreed that the Supper used to be 
 kept the Sonday after the Nativity of 8' John the Baptist 
 yearly, shall not be kepte this present year onUe. 
 
 The conviction, now so universally established, that 
 accumulations of filth, manure, and other offensive 
 matters are liable to breed contagion, is fully evinced 
 by the experience of our forefathers, as expressed by 
 the following Ordinance : — 
 
 10* June, 1577. 
 
 Itm. Whereas the Lane leadinge through Staple Garden 
 into Bridney Strete, by reason of much filth there cast ys very 
 
THE AKCHIVES OF WINCHBSTEB. 101 
 
 •noyfuU to all such as passe that waye, and also dyvers other 
 Stretes and Lanes of the said cyty, by eastinge of dunge, duste, 
 and other filthy thinges, yr likewise very filthy and noyfull to 
 all such as shall passe by the same : For avoyding whereof, and 
 the grete infectyons and other inconveniences that male rise 
 thereby, it ys fyrst agreed that the saied Lane shall be paled 
 uppe with a door, locke and key, necessary for aU such as carry 
 theire dust and other filthy thinges into the common place of 
 Staple Garden, which key shall be alwayes remayninge at the 
 house in the which Dorothy Mathewe, Wid., now dweUeth, 
 redy always for any pson or psons that shall have occasion to 
 occupie the same. 
 
 Item, Yt is agreed that evey pson that shall laye any filth, 
 Dust, or Donge in any Strete or Lane of the cyty without 
 their own houses or groundes, or the groundes of any other 
 person levied and meet for that purpose, shall forfayt and lose 
 for evry tyme vi*, to the use of the taker of any pson comytting 
 such facte: Ajid iflf th Offender psently uppon the facte 
 commytted have not sufficient to paie, or havinge sufficient shall 
 refuse to paye the same, that then he or she so refusinge or not 
 havinge to paie, shall suffer such correction for that faulte as by 
 the discretion of the Mayor for the time beinge and the more 
 part of his Bretheren shall be thought meete : And yf yt shall 
 fall out that the fact was commytted by any man's Sonne or 
 Daughter, or Servant, withe the assent of the Master or Dame, 
 Father or Mother of such Offender, that then such father or 
 Mother, Master or Dame, shall pay the said forfeiture of vi* ; 
 and yf they refuse to paye it, that the refuser shall be com- 
 
102 TEANSCBIPTS FBOM 
 
 mytted to Ward by the Mayor, there to remain untill he or she 
 have paid the same : Pvyded always that they that have stables 
 maie cast out their donge, so it be carried away withn xxiiij 
 hours after the castiage out thereof. 
 
 At this time salt fish being much in requestj on 
 account of Fast Days required to be observed by the 
 Church of Rome, various enactments were passed to 
 insure a wholesome supply of such commodity, and to 
 secure cleanliness after the sale thereof, viz.: — 
 
 4* August, 1580. 
 
 Itm. That it shall be lawfull for Mr. Mayor and the more 
 part of his Bretherene to assigne such convenient place or places 
 for the wateringe, placinge, and seUinge of Salt fyshe within 
 the saide citie, as by them shal be thought mete ; and that the 
 Jyshers shall not throwe or caste downe any Fyshe water but 
 at such tymes and places as by Mr. Mayor and the more part of 
 his Bretherene shall be appoynted. 
 
 Antecedent to modern times, the same objections to 
 the keeping of pig-styes were the subject of special 
 reprobation, and fines for their suppression were im- 
 posed, as we find from tbe perusa.1 of a notice given to 
 such ofienders, viz. :^ 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 103 
 
 4* Sept', 1584. 
 
 Imprimis, It is agreed that noe pson or psons wth this 
 citie shall keeps any hogs or hogsties within the boundes of the 
 High Strette, or within One hundred yardes of the same 
 boundes, from and after the Feast of Saint Andrewe the 
 Apostell next ensuing, upon payne that evie pson that shall 
 keepe anie hogs or hogsties contrarie to the tenor and true 
 meaninge of this Ordinance, shall forfeyte and loose for everye 
 tyme he shall offende therein, Tenne shillings, wch forfeiture 
 shall be levied by distress uppon the Offendor or Offendors, by 
 the Bayliffe of the citie for the tyme beinge, and to be devided 
 in forme foUowynge, viz., v' thereof to the BailifFe for the tyme 
 beinge, and v° thereof to the poore people of the citie : And if 
 the saide Bayliffe for the tyme beinge shall be negligent, and 
 doo not levie the same forfyture uppon every such Offendor or 
 Offendors, in aU convenient and short tyme as they male after 
 knowledge thereof to them given, That then it shall be lawful] 
 for the Maior for the tyme beinge to appoint, authorise, and 
 nominate his own Sergeant to levie by distresse the same 
 penaltie of Tenne shillings uppon the same Offender or 
 Offenders; and the same Sergeant for his paines therein to have 
 the moytie of the same forfeyture, and the BayHffe in respecte 
 of his negligence to have nothinge: Provided alwayes that 
 every pson and psons havinge groundes joininge uppon Staple 
 Garden male keepe hogs and hogsties in the uttermost part of 
 their saide grounds lyinge nearest to Staple Garden: And 
 also all those that have hogs and hogsties wthout the Walls 
 
104 TRANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 of the citie maie likewise keepe them wthout the saide Walls, 
 any thing in this Ordinance contayned to the contrairy not- 
 withstanding. 
 
 The inference from this enactment is, that Staple 
 Garden was but thinly inhabited at these times, as we 
 find that it was the common receptacle for filth ; and 
 pig-styes were allowed to be erected on the uppermost 
 part of the said ground. 
 
 We have observed before that many places in 
 England were infected with the Plague previous to the 
 great visitation of 1666 ; for, in anticipation of such a 
 calamity, the following Ordinance was passed . in the 
 twenty-fifth year of the reign of Queen Elizabeth, 
 whereby cleanliness is particularly enforced : — 
 
 May, 1583. 
 
 Certaine Orders in the name of God agreed upon at 
 this Assemblee,'to avoid the infections of the Plague, 
 and other Diseases in other places dispersed, as 
 foUoweth : — 
 
 Itm. It is agreed that evry Inhabitant of this cytie shall rid, 
 make cleane, and carry away all the Eubbish, duste, and £lthe 
 
THE ABCHIVES OF WINCHESTEE. 105 
 
 before evry of their doores, both back-doores and fore-doore's, 
 before Wednesday next, upon paine for every Inhabitant making 
 defaulte therein to lose 6' 8*; and if like defaulte be made by 
 any Inhabitant between Wednesday and Saturday next, every 
 such Inhabitant to lose 10'. 
 
 Itm. That evry Inhabitant of the sayd cytie shall cause 
 every morning before 6 of the Clocke, and every evening 
 between 8 and 9 of the Clocke, between this day and Michaelmas 
 next, five buckets of water to be drawne, and the same to be 
 caste downe in the cannoll, and shall rake out and carry away 
 the filthe of the cannoU, upon paine for every default to lose 
 6' 8* ; all which forfeitures and penalties shall be levied by 
 distress of the Goods and Cattels of any Offender in the 
 premises, by one of the Sergeants, or by the Beadle, imme- 
 diately upon the defaulte founde ; and that if the Owner of 
 such Goods distrained do not within 7 days after the taking 
 thereof pay the penalty for which the same is distrained, that 
 then the distress to be soldo by the appointment of Mr. Maior 
 and two of his Bretherene, any of which forfeitures shall be 
 divided in form following, viz., to him that findeth the defaulte, 
 one third part thereof; to the BaUifis, one other third parte; 
 and to the poore, one other third parte. 
 
 Itm. That no person shall sweepe any duste, dirte, or filthe 
 into the caimoU, upon paine to loose for every tyme 6' 8*, to be 
 levied and divided as aforesayd. 
 
 Item, That every Inhabitant of this cytie shall pave before 
 his door, according to the Ordinance of the city, within con- 
 venient time; and in the mean season to keep every decayed 
 
106 TRANSCEIPTS PEOM 
 
 place of the Street before his door clean and sweet, upon pain 
 to lose 6° 8* for every week, to be levied and divided as 
 aforesaid. 
 
 The Aldermen of the several wards were appointed 
 surveyors of their particular district, so urgent was the 
 necessity. 
 
 Itm. That every Alderman or his Deputy shall view weekly 
 the making cleane of the Streetes within his Aldermanry. 
 
 We may presume, by the following Ordinance, that 
 dogs were supposed to convey contagion from infected 
 houses, on account of their being prohibited to go at 
 large ; which reminds us of a passage in the " Illiad," 
 on the great pestilence that prevailed in the Grecian 
 army. 
 
 On mules and beasts the infection first began. 
 At last its vengeful arrows flx'd in man ; 
 Apollo's wrath the dire disorder spread. 
 And heap'd the camp with mountains of the dead. 
 For nine long nights throughout the dusky air 
 The funeral torches shed a dismal glare. 
 
 Itm. That if any house wtn this cytie shall happen to be 
 infected with the Plague, that thene evye persone to keepe 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTBK. 107 
 
 within his or her house every his or her dogg, and not to suffer 
 them to goo at large : And if any dogg shall be then founds 
 abroad at large, it shall be lawful for the Beadle or any other 
 persona to kiU the same dogg : And that any Owner of such 
 Dogg going at large shall lose 6% to be levied and divided as 
 aforesaid. 
 
 Nurses were provided at this awful period, at the 
 public expense, to attend the sick. 
 
 Item, That there shall be appointed 8 women to be vergers 
 and Nurses of such houses and persones as shall be suspected of 
 infections, to be appoynted by Mr. Maior and the more part of 
 his Brethereen ; and they shall have weeklye until the iofections, 
 
 evy of them , and after the infections weekly ; 
 
 and that a convenient place for the said women shall be pro- 
 vyded by Mr. Maior and the more part of his Brethereen. 
 
 Itm. That after any Infections shall happen to be within 
 this cyttie (from which God defend us), that from thenceforthe 
 the Orders appoynted for that purpose in the City of London, 
 and now imprinted, shall be observed within this cytie, in such 
 manner as shall be thoughte goode by Mr. Maior and the more 
 part of his Brethereen. 
 
 It may create surprise that in so famous a city a 
 scavenger should not have been appointed till 1601 ; 
 but in conformity to the general impression that clean- 
 
108 TKANSCEIPTS FEOM 
 
 liness is conducive to health, and accumulations of filth 
 generate disease, we find, by an Ordinance of the 21st 
 of September, 1601, that a scavenger was then ap- 
 pointed. 
 
 Imprimis, It is agreed by the hole assembly, as well for the 
 cleanhnes, decency, and sweetnes of the ayre wth this citie, as 
 also for avoydinge of infections wch often happeneth by filthye 
 savours, that there shal be a common Skavenger to dense and 
 carry away into Staple Garden, or any othr convenient place, 
 from tyme to tyme as occasion shal be, to be appointed, all such 
 durte, duste, and other thinge used for Skavengers to carry, two 
 dales in the weeke, viz., Wednesday and Satterday weekely, in 
 wch two daies everye Inhabitant of the citye shall make and lay 
 ready such durte, duste, and other things wch they have meete 
 to be carryed by the Skavenger, for him to take up and carry 
 awaye ; and that if any pson of the said citye shall laye or cast 
 oute into the streete any durte, duste, or other things meete to 
 be carryed by the Skavinger, wch the Skavingr shoulde take up 
 and carry away, in any other day then the daies appointed for 
 carriage of the same, Mr., Mrs., or dames of any that so shall 
 oflfend, shall forfaite for every offence 2' ; th one haUe to him or 
 her that shall finde out th offence and offender, and th other 
 halfe to the poore of the citie, to be levyed p'sently nppon 
 complainte and pfe thereof to be made before the Maior of the 
 said city, by distresse by any oiHcer to be appointed by the 
 Maior of the said citie for the tyme beinge. 
 
 Item, That every Inhabitant of the said citye that shal be 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WDfCHESTEK. 109 
 
 thoughte meete to pay towards the wages of the Skavienger shal 
 be rated and taxed yerelye by the Maior of the said citye and 
 the more pte of his Brethren. 
 
 Warders were appointed to watch the gates, to 
 exclude the ingress of persons into the scene of 
 desolation; and attendants to supervise and bring 
 necessaries to those suffering under the Plague, pro- 
 bably to the exclusion of all others except those who 
 were " faithful in life, and even in death would not be 
 " disunited;" for in this year — 
 
 1603, 
 
 It is ordered that Mr. White shaU extract the names of a 
 number of sufficient persones in the cytie, who may by order be 
 appoynted to watche and warde both the infected houses and 
 the gates of the cytie ; and that the warders of the infected 
 houses shall have attending upon them two Messengers, to 
 attend them to goo up and down for the necessaries of the 
 infected persons. 
 
 That a sufficient "Warde be had at the Eastgate, Westgate, 
 Northgate, and Southg^te, by two persones at evry gate ; and 
 that Eastgate, and Westgate, and Southgate be locked up at 
 vii of the Clock at night, and not opened agayne untUl seven of 
 the Clock in the morning ; and that the Bailiffs take these keys 
 into their custodye. 
 
110 TRANSCRIPTS PROM 
 
 That the Porters of Kingsgate, Westgate, and Southgate be 
 sent for and sworne, that after the depture of the Warders, 
 viz., from 8 of the Clocke every nighte they shall suffer no 
 person to enter in or out these Gates but known persons 
 to them, and such other persons coming not from infected 
 places. 
 
 That Durngate be whoUye shut up during this time of 
 sickness, and the keys delivered to Mr. Maior, except when 
 Mr. Maior shall have use thereof to goe and come frome his 
 house. 
 
 In the year 1625 a sore disease again prevailed ; aSid 
 even houses were ordered to be burnt to stay its 
 further progress. 
 
 Item, It is also agreed that the decayed Cottage wherein 
 Lenord Andrews did dwell, he lately dying of the Plague, 
 shall be burned to the grounde, for fear of the daaunger of 
 infection that might ensue if it should stande. 
 
 We have reason to apprehend that the Plague 
 existed to a greater extent in the lower part of the city, 
 as the following Ordinance will prove it to have been 
 then raging at St. John's House : — 
 
 Item, It is further agreed that the Election of the Maior and 
 other Officers, which should be at St. John's House the Monday 
 
THE ARCHIVES OP WINCHESTER. Ill 
 
 after Holyrode daye, shall be now at the GruildhaU that day, 
 by reason of the infection which is now in St. John's House, 
 any fonner usage to the contrary notwithstanding. 
 
 In 16^2, immediately before the awful outbreaking 
 of the Great Plague, a public censure was cast upon the 
 inhabitants, by an Ordinance reciting that the citizens 
 preferred their own private ease more than the public 
 good, for not contributing their proportionate share to 
 the maintenance of a scavenger ; it is as follows : — 
 
 20'" Sept', 1652. 
 
 Whereas diverse psons, Inhabitants of ye City of Winchester, 
 tendering and preferring their owne private ease more than ye 
 publique good and weU being of the sayd citty, have refused 
 to pay and contribute to a Skavenger for the cleaning and 
 desent keeping cleane of the Streets thereof, whereby the 
 Streets there have for some tyme past beene and continued very 
 noysome, with putrifled durt, dung, and filth, very undesent and 
 unbeseeming a place of eminensy or of good govement ; for 
 remedy wherein, and for the better clensing ye sayd Streets for 
 the future. It is Ordered and ordained at this psent Assembly, 
 That aU and evry the Inhabitants of the sayd citty, from and 
 after the Feast day of Saint Michaell the ArchangeU now next 
 coming, doe and shall make clean ye Streets, and take up and 
 carry away into Staple Garden, or to some other place con- 
 venient, all dust, dung, durt, and soyle, arising, running, or 
 
112 TBANSCBIPTS FKOM 
 
 increasing from tyme to tyme before their houses respectively, 
 soe that the Streets of ye said citty every Saterday night 
 weekly be clensed throughout ye same; and aU ye dust, dunge, 
 durt, and soyle in any the open and eminent Streets thereof, be 
 'duly carried away and removed by the Inhabitants of every the 
 respective houses within the same citty ; and that every pson or 
 psons, Inhabitants as aforesayd, neglecting and doing contrary 
 to this Ordinance, upon view of the Mayor of the sayd citty for 
 the tyme being, or any other Justice of ye Peace within the 
 sayd citty, to foi-feite and loose for every tyme soe oflPending, the 
 sume of Twelve pence, to the use of ye Bayliffes of the sayd 
 citty for the tyme being, who are hereby authorised to levie the 
 same by way of Distress and Sale of the Goods of every pson 
 soe offending, rendering to each pson distrained the overplus 
 remaining upon such Sale; and therewithall the sayd Bayliffes 
 are to see the annoyance removed, or in default therein, to 
 forfeite for every omission, to the use of ye Chamber of ye said 
 citty, the sume of Two shillings, to be levied on them by 
 warrant from ye Mayor of the citty aforesaid for the tyme 
 being : And, lastly, it is Ordered and ordained that no Butcher 
 or other pson whatsoever shall for the future cast forth into ye 
 Streets, Streams, Brooks, or Waters of ye sayd city, any 
 putrifled blood, offal, or any other soyle or putrifled stuffe made' 
 upon the slaughter of any beast, upon the paine of Tenn 
 shUUngs for every tyme soe offending, to ye use aforesayd, to be 
 levied in like manner by the Bailiffes of the sayd citty for ye 
 tyme being, by Distress and Sale of ye goods soe distrained as 
 is before directed. 
 
THE ABCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 113 
 
 ■ In the year 1665, additional orders for cleanliness 
 were enjoined, by proclamation of a Crier: — 
 
 16"" June, 1665. 
 
 For the more cleanlyness, decency, and sweetness, of the 
 eyre witn this citie, and for avoyding of infectious diseases wch 
 often happen by ill savours, It is ordered and ordained by this 
 Assembly, That every inhabitant shall make and lay ready 
 before theyr respective houses all such dirte, dust, soyle, and 
 dunge as shal be made in their houses and premises, on Saterday 
 and Wensday weekly throughout the yeare, yearly, about two of 
 the Clocke in the afternoone between MichaeUmas and our Lady 
 Day, and four of the Clock in the afternoone between o' Lady 
 Day and Mchas ; and then also to sweepe cleane before theyr 
 respective doors, to be carryed away by the Scavengers of the 
 sayd cittie who have undertaken to doe the same accordingly : 
 And if any person or persons shall carry out or lay such dyrt, 
 duste, soyle, or dunge upon any other days than the days so 
 fixed as aforesaid, that then every such pson or psons,' being an 
 Inhabitant, either doing or permitting the same to ' be donne, 
 and therein ofiFending, shall forfeite and pay for every such 
 offence the some of Twelve pence, to be levyed by distresse : 
 And because none shall or may plead ignorance therein, it is 
 Ordered, That the Cryer of this citie doe forth the make Pro- 
 clamation thereof in the most usuall places of this citie; and 
 that a Copy of this Ordinance be fixed on one of ye posts of ye 
 Market house of ye same citie. 
 
 r 
 
114 TBANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 It had been usual on All Saints' Day for the Mayor 
 to entertain the Corporation and others at St. John's 
 House ; but in this year festivity gave place to mourning, 
 and lamentation superseded the voice of melody ; and 
 an Ordinance was passed for suspending the supper on 
 account of " so many sad and heavy judgments, as the 
 " horrid and noisome pestilence do so much threaten 
 " this kingdom." 
 
 An Ordinance for taking away of Feastihge for the 
 yeare to come in respect of ye Contagion of ye Plague 
 now raging. 
 
 18* Sept', 1665. 
 
 Forasmuch, as it hath been ye usuall course and custome of 
 this citie that the Maior for the tyme beinge hath observed and 
 kepte severaU.dayes in the tyme of his Maioralty for Feastinge, 
 as well of the whole Corporation as of others ; and whereas 
 that pious and, worthy Benefactor, Mx., Alderman Budde, gave an 
 ample allowance for a dinner on every AU Saintes' day, the end 
 of wch sayd Feasting, wa? as well for upholding the honor and 
 esteeme of this citie as also for the maintayning and preserveing 
 of love and .unity among the citizens,, and rejoycing one wth the 
 other ; -Now ■ this Assembly, considering that, according to the 
 sayinge of the wise man, " There is a tyme for all things, aa 
 well for mourninge as for Feastinge," the latter of wch being 
 
THE ABCHIVES OP -WINCHESTER. 115 
 
 not at all suteable wth the present tymes, when soe sad and 
 heavy judgements as the Sworde and noisome pestilence doe 
 soe much threaten this Kingdome. It is therefore, upon mature 
 deliberation and consideration, ordered and ordained by this 
 Assembly, That the nest succeeding Maior of this eitie the next 
 yeare doe wholly forbeare to keep any Feast during ye tyme of. 
 his Maioralty ; but that not to be brought into presedent for any 
 Maior succeeding him, w'ou' the like approbation and unanimous 
 assent of a Comon Assembly (as now), and upon the like sadd 
 occasion, any ordinance, usage, or custome in the same citie to 
 the contrary notwithstanding ; and that the money saved by 
 such abstinence be given to the Poor. 
 
 The above are the principal sanitary regulations 
 which were made in the pressing emergency in 1665 ; 
 but, at an earlier period, viz., 1593, when the Plague was 
 predominant here and in London, Alton, . Farnham, and 
 Guildford, orders were issued to restrain the resort of 
 persons to and from the city, disobedience to which was 
 punished with great severity, insomuch as an Alderman 
 repairing to London, buying merchandise there, and 
 importing it into this city, was committed to imprison- 
 ment to St. John's House for fourteen days, and, on his 
 refusal to remain there, his shop windows were ordered 
 to be shut down, and himself prohibited from selling 
 wares for one month. 
 
116 TEANSCEIPTS FROM 
 
 The inhabitants were debarred from assembling to 
 witness their favourite sport of Bull-baiting, and other 
 amusements, for fear of infection from the congregation 
 of numbers. The gates were watched, leathern buckets, 
 water, crooks, ladders, &c., provided for casualty and 
 relief against fires ; and, for sweetening the air, all 
 nuisances were to be surveyed and removed. 
 
 6"" July, 1593. 
 
 This order is nowe made to restraynge the resort of all 
 parsons who shall come to the citie, as well from ani 
 infected place as otherwise from any other place not 
 infected ; and likewise to restrain all psons comynge 
 from anie place not infected, that they shall not make 
 abode wthin the citie above one nighte at the moste. 
 
 It is agreed and consented that no pson of what degree 
 soever in this citie shall receive to his howse or custody any 
 pson cominge from any foreyn infected place withoute first he 
 shall have Mr. Maior's knowledge thereof, upon paine of im- 
 prysonmt. 
 
 Arid if any pson be founde wit" the citie cominge thence 
 from any infected place, that psently, -w'hout further entertayn- 
 ment, the pty be expelled the citie. 
 
 That' such inquiry be made through the citie what forregn 
 psons be in it that come from any infected place ; if any be 
 found, to be ordered as aforesaid. 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 117 
 
 And for the more care of the primises there shall be at 
 everie G-ate of the eitie in the day tyme, a warder, from 3 in 
 the morninge till 9 at nighte, to examin all suspected psons, 
 especially fotemen, or such as bringe packes; and that the 
 nighte watche shall begin there charge at 9 of the clocke at 
 night, and hold it on tiU 9 in the morninge. 
 
 And upon this order this psent day, one Christian Wilson, 
 Wife of James Wilson, now of Kingston, or Guilford, places 
 infected, coming to this city w"' her two children to Widow 
 Clayton, her Moth', is expelled the citie, with a passport to 
 return to her said husband, and wt*" the eitie's Charitye of 6'' 
 for their reliefe, p* by the Chamberlyn of the citie. 
 
 8* Sept', 1593. 
 
 Forasmuch as Mr. Anthonie Burde, one of the Aldermen of 
 the citie, hath lately made his repayre to Londonin this danger 
 of Infection, and there boughte and . retayUed Wares contrary 
 to orders formerlie sette do wne and agreed uppon. It is there- 
 fore agreed that the saide Mr. Anthonie Burde, for his 
 contempte agaiaste the saide former orders, shall presentHe, 
 uppon notice to hym geven of this Order, either submitt hymself 
 to the imprysonment in Saint John's Howse, there to remaine by 
 the space of fourteene dales next ensuinge, or otherwise, that 
 uppon his refusall thereof his Shopp Windowes shall be 
 presentlie shutte downe, and hymself barred to utter anie 
 Wares duringe one whole moneth, accodge to the saide former 
 orders. 
 
118 TKAUSCBIPTS FROM 
 
 It is also agreed, in regarde to this dangerous time of 
 infection, that proclamation be pubHquelie made, as well at the 
 Faire to be holden at Weyhill, and at other meete places, 
 concerninge the Faire to be holden on Saint Edward's daye 
 next ensuinge whin this citie, that no person shall bringe into 
 the saide Faire any Kinde of Wares to be soldo but onelie such 
 parsons as doo bringe to selle Horses or Other Cattell, Turners' 
 Ware, Coopers' and Joyners' Ware, Butter, Cheese, all and 
 evrie sortes of Gome and Graine, Smithes, NaOemen, and 
 Butchers and Fyshers, and so that these, nor any of them, come 
 from anie place of Infection. 
 
 Whereas divers psons w^in the citie, contrary to the exprest 
 commandment and publique Notice to them geven for the 
 restrainte of bul baitinge and other such like exercises, beinge 
 meanes, in this danger of infection, to drawe concourse and 
 assembUe of People, chuse nevertheless, in open and manifesto 
 contempte of the prem% assemble themselves in grete nomber of 
 people in places adjoyninge to the citie, and have there habituaU 
 bulbaitinge and other unlawfuU exercises; It is therefore 
 ordered, that the said Parsons present at the saide bulbaitinge, 
 for their contempt in this behalf, to the danger of the Inhabit- 
 ants of the citie and eviell example to others, shall be committed 
 to the Prison of the citie ; and before theire enlargement shall 
 be bounde with sureties for theire good behavor, and theire 
 appearce at the next Quarter Sessions, there to answere the 
 premes. 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 
 
 6*dayof August, 1597. 
 
 119 
 
 Item, It is ordered that the Aldermen of the citie hereafter 
 named shall daiUe viewe and survie the sufficiencie of the 
 Warders of the Gates of the citie ; and the same shall reforme 
 from tyme to tyme, by theire disoression, for the better 
 observance of the orders formerlie agreed upon, viz. :• — 
 
 For West Gate 
 
 For Est Gate 
 
 For South Gate .. 
 
 For North Gate 
 
 For King's Gate 
 
 Mr. Eichard Burde. 
 Mr. Eichard Cooke. 
 
 Mr. Hodson. 
 Mr, Newbolt. 
 
 Mr. Badger. 
 Mr. Paice. 
 
 Mr. Lan6. 
 
 Mr. Simonds. 
 
 Mr. Anthonie Burde. 
 
 Mr. White, 
 Mr< Cole. 
 
 Item, It is ordered tliat the Watche by nighte shall be 
 continued and kepte w""" the citie from henceforthe untill other 
 Order shall be taken to the contrarie. 
 
 Item, It is ordered that the Constables of the city shall on 
 everie Fridaie weekelie deliver unto Mr. Maior and his Brethren 
 the names of the Watchmen by them weekelie assigned, that 
 the sufflciencie of the Watchmen male thereby be dewlie 
 discerned. 
 
120 TRANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 The Orders to be observed by the Warders and Porters. 
 
 All suspicious psons, all roges, all idle psons, disorders of 
 carryinge of woodde and breakinge of hedges, stealers of 
 poultrie and pigge, late and nighte walkers disorderlie, goinge 
 oute and comynge in erlye and late . both on foote and on 
 horsbacke, all parsons resortinge from infected places, viz., from 
 London, Farneham, Alton, or any other whatsoever place 
 infected, and comynge to have their entrance into the citie, 
 that they be presentlie broughte by the Warder to theire 
 Inne, ther to be examined by the Innekeep' whether they are 
 meete psons to be receaved ; if not, then to be dismissed the 
 citie. 
 
 Itm. It is agreed that the West Gate and Est Gate of the 
 citie shall stande open for horsemen to be examined as afore- 
 saide. 
 
 Itm. It is agreed that all the other gates of the citie shall 
 be shutt uppe and warded as aforesade, and the wickete of 
 thp four Gates onlie to be opened, and none to be lett into 
 psons comynge to ■ the Market w* come, wOodde, aiid other 
 the. citie but pvision, and such other as are persons well 
 knowen to come from places not infected. To such persons 
 the wickete to be opene, or otherwise to be kepte shutt all 
 the daie. 
 
 Itm. It is also agreed that the porters shall dailie bringe 
 certificate unto Mr. Maior of their dailie proseedinge and evente 
 in their Wardes. 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 121 
 
 Concerning danger of Fyer. 
 
 It is also agreed and consented, for redines of reliefe^ against 
 aU casualty of Fyer, That the Chamberlyn of the city, at the 
 citye's charges, shall forthwith pvide ten lethern bucketts ; and 
 that everi Alderma' shall likewise forthwith pvide two lether 
 bucketts, and evrie of the -x-xVm one lether buckett. 
 
 And that evrie gentlema inhabiting the city may be moved 
 to provide according to there pportion lethern bucketts. 
 
 That the Chamberlyns also pvide two ladders and Eoopes 
 for the hookes, at the necessary charges of the citie, to be in all 
 rediness. 
 
 That evrie inhitant houseker shall both day and night during 
 this Somer tyme, have standing at his dore in redines, one 
 tubb of water, to be cast owt in ye morning, and new filled 
 the" againe, uppon payne of imprssment. 
 
 For the swete ppervason of the citye, all comon nuisances 
 shall forthw"" be viewed, and the penalty of the Ordinances 
 shall be ppently executed upo the ofiender. 
 
 We have now extracted the substance of the 
 sanitary regulations made from time to time to avoid 
 the Pestilence, alleviate the sufferings of the diseased, 
 and provide for the necessities of the survivors. The 
 universal impression, which even then prevailed, that 
 the rernoval of offensive accumulations, a supply of 
 pure water, and effectual drainage, were essential to 
 
122 TKAJISCBIPTS FBOM 
 
 health, is now fully confirmed. Let us, therefore, be 
 timely wise, and freely carry into operation the 
 facilities aflforded by modern science and invention, 
 and thereby, as far as human agency can be 
 instrumental, avert the heart-rending visitations which 
 overwhelmed our afflicted ancestors in their time and 
 generation. 
 
 WATCHING, PAVING, LIGHTING, &c. 
 
 We believe one of the earliest enactments for 
 watching is to be found in the Statute of Winchester, in 
 4he time of Edward the First, which directs " That from 
 " henceforthe all Towns be kepte (that is to say, 
 " watched) ; in every Citie, Six men shall watche from 
 " Sunsett to Sun rysing." But this regulation assumes 
 more of a martial than domestic character, and it was 
 but little attended to ; but it is now acknowledged that 
 certain regulations are requisite for the preservation of 
 order and the prevention of crime in a large community, 
 viz., an effective system of watching and lighting, to 
 remove obstructions, and give the earliest intimation of 
 
THE ABCHIVES OF WINCHESTEE. 123 
 
 fire, violence, or any other accidental occurrences. 
 Having carefully perused the Corporation books, we 
 can find no earlier allusion to watching and lighting 
 the city than the 16th June of that year, about which 
 time, many fires having occurred in various parts of the 
 kingdom, our citizens were aroused to the danger of 
 having no watchman or bellman to give notice of the 
 outbreak of any fire, as well as for the discovery of 
 night-walkers and other loose and pilfering persons, and 
 one such Officer was accordingly appointed. 
 
 W June, 1663. 
 
 Whereas it hath been found by sadd experience that suddane 
 and lamentable Fyres have happened of late years in severall 
 places within this Kingdome, which have consumed and de- 
 stroyed many fayre and stately buildings, goods, and household 
 stuffe of great value, a grate part whereof might have been 
 prevented had the Inhabitants of such Cities, Towns, and places 
 where the same happened, had a Bellman to have walked the 
 Streets in the night-time to have discovered the begioning of 
 such fyres, and thereupon given Notice to the Inhabitants of 
 such Cities, Towns, and places, who thereupon might have used 
 the means for the preventing the increase thereof : And wee of 
 this Citie being altogether destitute of such an Officer as a 
 Bellman, as well for the preventing of such sad accidents as also 
 for the discovery of night walkers and other loose, idle, and 
 
124 TBANSCBIPTS FBOM 
 
 pilfering persons : It is therefore ordered, ordained, and estab- 
 lished, by and with the unanimous consent and approbation of 
 this Assembly, That William Swayne be Bellman of this Oitie, 
 to walk the Streetes in. the night from Ten of the clock in the 
 night until five of the clock in the morning, from Michaelmas 
 untyll our Lady day ; and from Tenn of ye clocke in the night 
 untyll fower of the clocke in the morninge, from our Lady day 
 to Michaelmas, yearly : And that the sayd William Swayne, and 
 such others who shall succeede him, to have and receive from 
 the Maior and Aldermen of the sayde Citie the some of Eight 
 Pounds per ann., to be payed quarterly, the first payment to 
 begin att Michaelmas next. The said yearly payment to be 
 raysed by an equall and indifferent rate upon the sevall 
 Inhabitants within this Citie from tyme to tyme, to be made 
 by the Maior and Aldermen of this Citie, or the major part 
 of them. 
 
 In the following year greater precaution was adopted, 
 l?y the supply of fire-engines, crooks, ladders, and 
 buckets ; for, in 1664, it is recorded, that the city should 
 be provided with the same. 
 
 1666. 
 
 Whereas it hath been found by sad experience that sudden 
 and lamentable Fires have happened of late years in several 
 places within this Kingdom, which have consumed and destroyed 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WINCHBSTBB. 125 
 
 many fair and stately Buildings, goods, and household stuife of 
 great value, a great part whereof might have been prevented 
 had the Inhabitants of Towns and places where the same 
 happened beei; provided with Engiaes, Crooks, Ladders, and 
 Bucketts, many fires might have been quenched : And wee of 
 this citie having lately had Teaming given us of such Accidents, 
 and being now altogether destitute of such Engines, Crooks, 
 Ladders, and Bucketts, being necessary instruments and means 
 for the quenching and preventing thereof : It is therefore 
 ordered, ordained, and established, by the unanimous consent 
 and approbation of this Assembly, That an Engine for the 
 quenching such sudden fires,, and three Crooks, and fower 
 Ladders for the same pvirpose, be forthth provided, at the proper 
 costs and charges of the Mayor, Bailyfis, and Comonalty of this 
 citie: And that as many Bucketts as can be raised by a volun- 
 tary subscription of the Inhabitants witn this citie, to be kept 
 in their several! houses, be forthwth prored : And in order 
 hereunto, Thomas Cropp and Eobert Steele are desired by this 
 Assembly to undertake the same, by going to' the several 
 Inhabitants within this citie desiring their severall and respectiv* 
 subscriptions for such number of Bucketts as they shall volun- 
 tarily provide, to be kept in their several and respective houses 
 for the uses aforesaid : And that William Taylor, Esq'% now 
 Mayor of this citie, doe take speedy course that the said 
 Bucketts be provided according to the severall Subscriptions, 
 see to be made as aforesayd. 
 
126 TBANSCRIPTS FEOM 
 
 A Tery interesting document as to the paving, 
 lighting, and other accommodation afforded to Charles 
 the Second and the Royal Family whilst visiting this 
 city, bears date — 
 
 21" August, 1683. 
 
 Forasnuich as the King's most excellent Matie (wth his 
 EoyaU Consort the Queene, his dearest brother James, Duke of 
 Torke, and others of his EoyaU Family) is gratiously pleased 
 to dedare his Eoyall intentions to visit this his citye within few 
 dayes, and make some residence therein, to the greate joy and 
 benefitt of his subjects therein ; It is therefore, by this present 
 Assembly, ordered as followeth : — 
 
 First. That the severall Inhabitants of the sayd citye living 
 in the High Streete, and in other the Streetes and Lanes of this 
 citye, do every night during the time of His Matie's residence, 
 or any other of the Eoyal Family who shall reside here, hang 
 out lights, not only for giving light to people passing to and fro 
 to their lodgings, but for discovery and preventing disorders and 
 mischiefs which may happen in the streetes there ; such Ughts to 
 be continued from eight of the clock in the evening till twelve 
 that night, upon paine of twelve pence a night for every the 
 said Inhabitants neglecting or refusing so to do ; the same to be 
 levied by distress by the Beadle of the said citie. 
 
 Secondly. That the severall Inhabitants of private houses 
 are hereby deshed to be moderate in their demands for their 
 lodgings (viz.), not to ask or demand more than twelve pence 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 127 
 
 a night for a Master, nor but Sixpence a night for a Servant, 
 during the time aforesayde ; and nothing to be payd in Inns, 
 Alehouses, or other Public houses, for lodgings, where there are 
 hostryes. 
 
 Thirdly. That the several! Streetes and Lanes of the said 
 citie be every night during the time aforesayd, swept and 
 cleansed from all the filth and soyle there being of the severaU 
 Inhabitants, not only before their severaU doores, but also so 
 farr as the bounds of their houses, gardens, or premises doe 
 extend; and from time to time to be forthwith removed and 
 carried away by the Skavenger of the sayd citie after soe swept 
 up ; and that the High Streete, and all other the Streetes and 
 Lanes within the sayd city, be forthwith repayred by the severaU 
 Owners and Inhabitants aforesaid. 
 
 Fourthly. That the several Highwayes within the bounds 
 astd lunitts of the sayd citie be forthwith levelled and repaired 
 by the several Proprietors of Lands who of right ought to 
 repair the same. 
 
 Fifthly. That Notice be forthwith given to the severall 
 Tythings and Hamletes next adjacent to the sayd citie that the 
 severall Highways be forthwith repaired within the bounds and 
 limits. 
 
 Sixthly. That during the time of His Matie's stay at this, 
 citie there be appoynted every night Four persons to be as 
 Watchmen to walk to and fro in the citie, as well for guiding 
 Strangers to their Quarters as to prevent disorders and mis- 
 chiefes by Fire, &c. ; and that a Eate be made upon the 
 Inhabitants for the maintaining the same. 
 
128 TRANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 Att this Assembly it is thought fitt, agreed upon, and 
 ordered, upon the account of His Majesty's intentions of 
 residing here in Winchester some time, that a convenient 
 number of honest and fitt persons, Inhabitants of this citie, be 
 appoynted for Watchmen, to watch and walk the Streetes and 
 Lanes of this citie all night during the time of His Majesty's 
 continuance here, that thereby they may prevent (by dis- 
 covering) dangers happening or arising by Fires, and also for 
 apprehending all dissolute and dangerous persons that may be 
 lurking in and about the said citie, to be instrumental in 
 promoting the dangers aforesaid ; all which cannot be done 
 without great charge ; Therefore it is thought fitt, and further 
 ordered, that a proportionable Eate be made by His Majesty's 
 Justices of the Peace of this citie, on all housekeepers of this 
 citie, for defraying the charge thereof ; and the said Justices of 
 the Peace of this citie are desired to bind over the contumely of 
 this Order to the next Quarter Sessions of the Peace which 
 shall be holden for this citie, there to answer for their refusal to 
 pay their several proportions. 
 
 Another enactment, defining the bounds and manner 
 of paving before their doors, and otherwise. 
 
 20* Sept', 1652. 
 
 Whereas sume difference and question hath arisen and beene 
 occasioned touching the Bounds of psons chargeable with paving 
 
THE ARCHIVES OP WINCHESTEE. 129 
 
 of the Streets of the sayd citty, for the certaining wherof, and 
 for avoyding of all question and dispute touching y'= same for 
 the future, It is ordered and ordayiied at this p'sent Assembly, 
 That y° channell or gutter at psent fixed in any the Streets of 
 y* sayd citty is and shall be the bound therof ; and that all 
 psons inhabiting y^ citty afforesayd shall make good the paving 
 of the Streets before their Dores and houses respectively, unto 
 the midle and bottome of such channell, and y^ opposite 
 Inhabitants in each streete betweene them to make good the 
 same channell, and then to pave from thence unto tlieir sev'all 
 houses respectively ; and that in all places where there is not at 
 p'sent a channell fixed, then the midle of the streete is and shall 
 be taken to be the proper boundary betweene all psons living 
 therin the one opposite against the other ; and see y'= charge of 
 paving to be equaly borne by y" owno" or inhabitants of such 
 places, yf it be requisite to be paved : And, lastly, that y* open 
 place at y° Markett house, as the same is now bounded, within 
 the gutters of the Inhabitants there, is for the future to be 
 repaired, when occasion shall require, at y" charge of the citty, 
 the tennt there, now in y° possession of Leonard Crely Pintner, 
 bearing its pportion from the foundation. 
 
 Exactly two hundred years since we observe that 
 thatched houses, mud .walls, and hedges, were common 
 in various parts of the town, and in the High Street ; 
 when, in respect to the danger it occasioned by fire, and 
 
 K 
 
130 TBANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 the unseemliness thereof in so famous and ancient a 
 city, the objections were ordered to be removed or 
 amended. 
 
 SO"" day of October, 1656. 
 
 For y"' avoyding of the greats inconveniences w* are found 
 by experience to grow by thatcht Houses within this citty, both 
 in respect of the danger it occasions by Fire and the unseemli- 
 ness therof in soe auncient and famous a citty, It is ordained 
 and established at this psent Assembly, That noe pson or psons 
 within this citty doe Thatch any house or houses within the 
 same, or any part therof, upon paine of Tenn Pounds ; and 
 that all such Houses that are already thatched, to be covered 
 with Tyle or Slatt within One yeare next ensuing, upon the like 
 payne of Tenn Pounds. 
 
 Wheras the Highways and Streets within this citty, by 
 reason of making of Mudwalls next adjoyning th^runto, are 
 Very fowle, and dangerous to all that pass in and by the sayd 
 ways ; for remedy wherof it is ordained and established att this 
 psent Assembly, That noe pson or psons doe at any tyme 
 hereaft' make any such Mudwalle within the sayd citty, or make 
 any hedg in y° High Streete, upon paine of Forty shillings for 
 ev'y such default. 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. • 131 
 
 PEICES OF PKOVISIONS. 
 
 Our Readers may like to compare the present price 
 of provisions with those in 1683 — 1685, during the 
 residence of Charles II. and James II. in this city. 
 
 21'' August, 1683. 
 
 That all Inns, Alehouses, and other puhHc houses, doe 
 during the time of His Matie's stay in this citie, take noe 
 more for horse-meate than after the rate of Sixpence a 
 night each horse's hay and litter, and Eight pence the peck 
 for Gates. 
 
 To prevent extortionate charges for accommodation 
 of lodgings and the supply of necessary articles to the 
 great influx of strangers on this Royal visit, the fol- 
 lowing is ordained, viz. : — 
 
 The Prices of Provisions agreed upon and sett downe hy 
 His Matie's Justices of the Peace for the Citie of 
 Winton, to be pd by His Matie's Servts and Subjects 
 in and about ye sayd citie for the Provisions fol- 
 lowing : — 
 
132 . TRANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 £ s. d. 
 
 Butter by the pound, not to exceed 6 
 
 Eabbitts by the couple, not to exceed 1 4 
 
 Pidgeons by the dozen, not to exceed 2 
 
 Lobsters, not to exceed by the pound 8 
 
 Crabbs, not to exceed by the pound 3 
 
 Mulletts, not to exceed by the pound 8 
 
 Salmon, not to exceed by the pound 10 
 
 Large Whiting, not to exceed by the dozen 16 
 
 Small Whiting, not to exceed by the dozen 1 
 
 Prawnes, if the best, not to exceed by the 
 
 hundred 4 
 
 Eeles, not to exceed by the pound 4 
 
 Trouts by the pound, not to exceed 6 
 
 Best Hens by the couple, not to exceed 2 
 
 Capons by the couple, not to exceed 2 6 
 
 G-eese, not to exceed for each 2 6 
 
 Chickens at fuU growth, by couple not to exceed 12 
 Chickens of a small growth, per couple not to 
 
 exceed 8 
 
 11"' September, 1685. 
 
 The Prices sett downe and enjoined by His Matie's 
 Justices of the Peace for the Citie of Winchester, to 
 be payd by His Matie's Servants and Subjects in and 
 
 about the said citie for their Lodging, Horse-meat, 
 and other accommodatons, as followeth : — 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 133 
 
 In all Inns and places where the Inhabitants pvide Horse-meat— 
 
 £ s. d. 
 
 For evy Bushell of the best Gates 2 8 
 
 For every Bushell of the Second sort 2 4 
 
 For every Bushell of the best Beans 0' 7 
 
 For Hay, Straw, and looking to every Horse for 
 
 a day and night 6 
 
 For Stable roome for a day and night for each 
 Horse, where they have no other accommo- 
 dation 2 
 
 IfinaStall 3 
 
 For standing of a Coach under a Shedd each day 
 and night, where their Horses are not in the 
 
 Stable there 4 
 
 If in a Coach-house 4 
 
 ForaBed 6 
 
 Prices in the'Market. 
 
 £ s. d. 
 
 For the best old Gates, by the BusheU 2 6 
 
 For the second sort of good Gates, by the 
 
 BusheU 2 3 
 
 For the best Beans, by the Bushell 5 6 
 
 AU psons are hereby required to bring in their Stocks and 
 Stores of Com, Hay, and other provisions into the open Market 
 
134 TEANSCRIPTS FKOM 
 
 freely, and not to conceal any during His Matie's abode in and 
 about the said city of Winchester, on pain and peril shall fall 
 thereon. 
 
 And all persons are required to make just payment, 
 according to the Rates aforesaid, for all such diet, lodging, or 
 horse-meat, as they shall have had, before they remove them- 
 selves or their Horses from their respective lodgings or stables. 
 
 This to continue in force during His Matie's abode in these 
 partes. 
 
 £ s. d. 
 
 Butter by the Pound, not to exceed 7 
 
 Eabits by the couple, not to exceede 1 4 
 
 Ducks by the couple, not to exceede 1 4 
 
 Pidgeons by the dozen, not to exceed 2 
 
 Lobsters by the Pound, not to exceed 8 
 
 Crabbs by the Pound, not to exceed 3 
 
 MuUetts by the Pound, not to exceed 8 
 
 Base by the Pound, not to exceed 6 
 
 Salmon by the Pound, not to exceed 10 
 
 Large Whiting by the Dozen, not to exceed 2 
 
 Small Whiting by the Dozen, not to exceed 10 
 
 Oysters by the hundred, not to exceed 6 
 
 Prawns, if the largest, not to exceed by the 100 6 
 
 Eyles by the Pound, not to exceed 3 
 
 Trouts by the Pound, not to exceed 6 
 
 Henns by the couple, not to exceed 2 
 
 Capons by the couple, not to exceed 2 6 
 
 G-eese, for each, not to exceed 2 6 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 135 
 
 £ s. d. 
 Chickens at full growth, not to exceed by the 
 
 couple 14 
 
 Chickens of a smaller growth, not to exceed by 
 
 the couple 8 
 
 Choyce Beefe by the Pound, not to exceed 3 
 
 Choyce Mutton by the Pound, not to exceed ... 4 
 
 Pork by the Pound, not to exceed 3 
 
 Veale by the Pound, not to exceed 3 
 
 A Barren of Strong Beere 12 
 
 A Barrell of Strong Ale 13 
 
 A BarreU of small Beere 6 
 
 THE CHEISTENING OF PEINCE ARTHUK. 
 
 Henry VII. having married Elizabeth, eldest 
 daughter of Edward IV., which transferred into his 
 family the rights of the House of York, and claiming 
 his descent from the celebrated Prince Arthur, had 
 determined that his Queen should give birth to his 
 intended heir at the Castle of Winchester — in which it 
 was supposed that hero was born — and that he should 
 be christened in our Cathedral. The particulars attend- 
 ing that ceremony are thus recorded: — 
 
136 TRANSCRIPTS PROM 
 
 On St. Eustachius' Day, which was in the year of our Lord 
 1486, and the 2^ yere of the Eeigne of our saide Souveraigne, 
 the Prince Arture was born at Winchester, whiche was the 
 firste begotten Sone of our said Soveraigne Lorde, King Henry 
 the 7*, and cristened in manner and forme as ensueth, but not 
 untill the Soneday next following, bycause the Erie of Oxyn- 
 forde was at that tyme at Lanam, in Suffolke, whiche shulde 
 have ben one of the Godfaders at the font, and also that season 
 was al rayny. In contynent after the Birth, Te Deum (with 
 Procession) was songe in the Cathedral! Chirche, and in all the 
 Chyrclies of that citie, great and many Fiers made in the Streets, 
 and Messengers sent to al the Astats and Cities of the Eeahne 
 with that comfortable and good tydynge, to whom were geven 
 great giftes. Over al, Te Deum Laudamus songen, with ringyng 
 of Belles, and in the moest parties Fiers made in the praysing 
 of Grod, and the Eejoysing of every true EngUsseman. 
 
 The Body of all the Cathedral Chyrche of Wynchester was 
 hangede with Clothes of Arras, and in the medeU, beside the 
 Font of the saide Chirch, was ordeyned and prepared a solenmne 
 Fonte, in manner and forme as ensueth. Furst ther was 
 ordeyned in manner of a Stage of 7 Steppes square or rounde 
 like, an high Crosse covered with rede Worstede, and up in the 
 myddest a poost made of iron, to bere the Fount of Silver gUte, 
 whiche within fourth was well dressede with fyne lynen Clothe ; 
 and nere the same, on the West side, was a Steppe like a Blokk 
 for the Bishep to stonde on, coverede also with red Say; and 
 over the Font, of a good height, a riche Canape, with a great 
 giite BoUe, celid and fringede, without Curteyns. On the North 
 
THE AKCHIVES OF WINCHESTEB. 137 
 
 side was ordeynede a Travers, hanged with Cloth of Arras ; and 
 upon the one side thereof, within fourth, another Travers of red 
 Sarsenet, whereof James Hide and Eobert Brent had the charge. 
 Ther was Fyer without Fumygationes redy agenste the Prince's 
 comyng; and without, the Grese of the saide Fonnt was raylede 
 with good Tymbre, and coverede as the Gresis were, having 2 
 Entres, on over the Este and another in the Weste, which were 
 
 kept by 5 Yeomen of the Coronne ; that is to say, Eake, 
 
 Burle, Eobert Walker, William Vaughan, and John Hoo. 
 
 After the Lorde John Alkok Bishop of Worcestre, had halowed 
 the Fonnt, it was kepte by Sir David Owen and Sir Hugh 
 Persall, Knyghts for the body, and Eicharde WodevUe, Thomas 
 .Poyntz, John Crokker, and Thomas Brandon, Esquiers, for the 
 body. On the Sonday, when the Chapell was come into the 
 Priour's great Hall, whiche was the Queue's great Chamber, the 
 Tresourer of the Householde took the Assay of Salt to the 
 Sergeannt of the Pantery, and delyvered it to the Erie of Essex, 
 and a Towel withaU, whiche the saide Earle caste aboute his nek. 
 In likewise the Sergeant of the Chaunderye bare a Taper, gar- 
 nished with iiij wrethen Bowtes and Bowles, and with BarnekoUs 
 and PenseUs, with pratty Imagery and Scripture, the whiche the 
 Lord NeveU, Sone and Heire of the Erie of Westmorelande^ 
 bare. 
 
 Item, The Sergeaunt of the Eury delyvered to the saide 
 Tresorer a Pere of gilt Basons, with a Towell fowlden upon 
 theym, whiche were delyvered to the Lorde Strannge ; and as 
 foUoweth they proceeded towarde the Chirche. Furst ther were 
 6 Torches borne unlight, 2 and 2 togeder, by Henxmen, Squiers, 
 
138 TRANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 Gentilmen, and Yemen of the Coronne ; the Governaunce of 
 
 whom had Kuyston, Gedding, Pars of Wreyton, 
 
 ^nd John Amyas. After theym the Chappell. After the Chap- 
 pell ther were withoute Order eerten Knyghts and Esquiers ; 
 after them Kings of Armes, Heralds, and Pursuivants, having 
 their Cots on their armes, and Sergeaunts of Armes, as been 
 accustumed. Then the Earl of Derbye and the Lord Maltravers ; 
 after them the Basonns, then the Taper, then the Salte of Gold 
 covered, and then a riche Cresome, which was pinnyde on the 
 right Brest of my Lady Anna, Sister of the Queue, hanging 
 on her left arm; Sir Richard Gilforde, Knight, Constable, on 
 the right hand, and Sir John Turburvill, Knight Marshall, on 
 the lefte hande, bearing the Staves of Office. After theym my 
 Lady Cecill, the Queue's eldest Sister, bare the Prince, wrappede 
 in a mantell of Cremesyn Clothe of Gold furred with Ermyn, 
 with a Trayne, whiche was borne by my Lady the Marquesse of 
 Dorsett, and Sir John Cheyny supportede the middell of the 
 same. The Lorde Edward WideviU, the Lorde La Warre, the 
 Sonne and Heire of the Lorde Audeley, and Sir John of 
 Aroundell, bare the Canapye. The Marquesse of Dorcett and 
 the Erie of LincoUn gave assistenee to my Lady Cecill. At 
 the Cristening was my Lady Margaret of Clarence, my Ladye 
 Gray Eithyn, my Lady Strannge the Elder, my Lady La Warre, 
 Maistres Fenys, my Lady Vaux, my Lady Darcy, Lady 
 Maistresse, my Lady Bray, my Lady Dame Katyn Grey, my 
 Lady Dame Elyonor Hant, my Lady Wodell, with dyvers other 
 Gentilwomen; and thus proceeded through the Closter of the 
 Abbey unto a litill doore beside the Weest ende of the Chirche, 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WINCHBSTEE. 139 
 
 in the South parte of the saide Ohirehe, wher was ordeyned a 
 riche and a large Clothe of Estate; for the wether was too 
 covrlde and too fowUe to have been at the West ende of the 
 Chirche ; and the Queen Elizabeth was in the Chirche abyding 
 the comyng of the Prince, at whiche tyme Tydings came that the 
 Erie of Oxinforde was within a Myle. There was the Bisshopp 
 of Worcester, Lorde John Alkok, whiche cristened the Prince 
 in Pontificalilnis, and the Bisshopp of Exeestre; Lorde Pers 
 Courtnay, and the Bisshop of Saresbury ; Lorde Thomas Lang- 
 ton, the Abbot of Hide, and the Por. of the same place ; in 
 likewise accompanyede with many noble Doctors in rich Copes 
 and grey Amys, Mayster Eobert Morton, the Maister of the 
 Eowles, the Dean of Welles, Maister John Gonthorp, Doctor 
 Pox, the King's Secretary, with many moore. Howbeit they 
 taried 3 oures largely and more after the saide Erie of Oxin- 
 forde, and after that, by the King's commandement, proceeded ; 
 and the Erie of Derby and the Lorde Maltravers weren 
 Godfaders at the Fonnt, and Queen Elizabeth Godmoder. 
 Licontinent after the Prince was put into the Fonnt, the 
 Officers of Arms put on their Coots, and all the Torches weren 
 light, and then entrede the Erie of Oxinforde. From the Font 
 the Prince was had to his Travers, and above him a Cremesyn 
 Cloth as byfore. From thens in faire Order was he borne to the 
 High Auter, and leide therupon by hys Godmoder. After 
 certeyn ceremony, whan the Goospel was doon, Veni Creator 
 Spiritus was begon, and solemnnely songen by the King's 
 Chapell, with Orgons, and Te Deum also. During whiche 
 season the Erie of Oxynforde took the Prince in his right arme. 
 
140 TEANSCMPTS FROM 
 
 and the Bishop of Excester confirmed hym ; and the Bisshop of 
 Saresbury knytt the Bande of Lynene about his nek. Then the 
 Marquisse of Dorcet, the Earl of Lyncolln, and the Lord 
 Strannge, served Quene Elizabeth of Towel and Water; and 
 Sir Roger Coton and Maister West servede the other Gosseps. 
 Byseide the saide High Auter was ordeyned a Travers for the 
 Prince, where Quene Elizabeth gave a riche Cuppe of Grolde, 
 coverede, whiche was borne by Sir Davy Owen. The Erie of 
 Oxynforde gave a Pere of Gilte Basonns, with a Sayer, whiche 
 were borne by Sir William Stone ; the Erie of Derbye gave a 
 riche Salte of Golde, coverede, whiche was borne by Sir Eay- 
 nolde Bray ; and the Lorde Maltravers gave a Gofer of Golde, 
 whiche was borne by Sir Charles of Somersett. Erom thens 
 they proceedede to Seynt Swythen's Shryne, and offerede, wher 
 was another Travers. Then Iste Confessor, with an Antyme of 
 Seint Swythjaie was songen, and Spices and Ipocras, with other 
 swete Wynys great pleyntye. Whiche doone, the Prince re- 
 tournede, and was borne home by my Ladye Ceeill, accom- 
 panyede as byfore, saving the Salt, the Basons, and the Taper, 
 and all the Torches bernnynge. In the entering of the Norserye 
 wer the King's Trumpets, and Mynstrells pleying on ther 
 Instruments ; and then was he borne to the King and the 
 Quene, and had the Blessinge of Almyghty God, our Lady, 
 and Seint George, and of his Fader and Moder. In the Chirche 
 Yerde wer sett two Pipes of Wyne, that every Man myght 
 drynke ynow. 
 
 Memorandum, That the Bisshop wesshed at the Font with 
 coverede Basons. 
 
THE AKCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 141 
 
 For the Cradell of Estate. 
 
 Item, For the Cradell of Estate, that in Length v Foote, and 
 in Breadth ij Foote and Halfe, coveryd -with Crymson Cloath of 
 Goulde, with iiij Pomelles of Silver and gylte, with the Bang 
 and the Queene's Armes ; also ij like Pomelles for the Frame of 
 the same Cradell, to be Silver and gUte ; also viij Bucles without 
 Tonges on every Side the sayd Cradell ; j Mattresse for the 
 same Cradell ; also ij PiUowes, with iiij Bewers of Eamnes ; 
 1 Payre of Fustienes, and one Payre of Scarlett, foryd with 
 Ermyns, and broderyd with Blewe Telvett, uppon Yelvette 
 Cloath of G-ould of Tissue ; One Head Sheete of like Cloath of 
 Gould, forryd with Ermyns ; One Sparner of Crymson Damaske 
 Cloath of Grould, lyned with Bead double Terterton, garnished 
 with Frynge of Silke and Gould ; 1 Baylle, coveryd with 
 Eaines, for the Cradell ; 1 Cros of Tre, covered with a Bole 
 above of Silver and gylte, for the sayd Sperner ; and ij Swadel- 
 bands, the One of Blew Yelvett, and the other of Blewe Cloath 
 of Gould, and aU Necessarys for the sayd Cradell. There were 
 also appointed a Governess to the Nurses, and three Ladies to 
 be Eocksters, who were on certain State occasions to be 
 apparelled in Cloth of Gold. 
 
 This illustrious Prince was exti'emely popular with 
 the nation, and when about sixteen years of age he 
 was mamed to Catherine of Arragon, the daughter 
 
142 TRANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 of Ferdinand and Isabella; but he soon afterwards 
 sickened, and died at Ludlow Castle, to the great 
 regret of the whole nation. 
 
 THE MAEKIAGE OF PHILIP AND MAEY. 
 
 We will now allude to some of the marriages which 
 have taken place in our city; and, amongst others, it 
 will be found that Henry I. was married to the good 
 Queen Margaret, whose name is so famous in the 
 annals of Winchester, and who was buried in the 
 Cathedral. Henry IV., also, married his Queen Joan 
 in this city ; but of their nuptials we can find no 
 description. However, we are fortunately enabled 
 to give an account of the marriage of Philip and 
 Mary. 
 
 A marriage contract having been settled between 
 Philip, Prince of Spain, and Queen Mary, he arrived at 
 Southampton with a fleet, partly Spanish and partly 
 English, and remained four days at that town. Mary, in 
 the meantime, removed from Windsor Castle to Win- 
 
THE ABCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 143 
 
 Chester, where the nuptial ceremony was performed with 
 unusual splendour, by her favourite, Gardiner, the then 
 bishop. 
 
 The following are the interesting particulars attend- 
 ing their marriage in our Cathedral : — 
 
 The Marriage of Queene Mary unto Phillip, Prince of 
 
 Spayne, Son of Charles the S"", Emperour, in the 
 
 CathedraU Chxirch of Winchester, on Wensday, 20"' 
 of July, 1554. 
 
 First, the said Church was richly hanged with Arras and 
 Cloth of Gold ; and in the middle of the said Church, from the 
 West Dore unto the Eoode, was a Scaffold erected of Timber, 
 at the end whereof was also raised a Mount, covered all with 
 redd Saye, and underneth the Eoode Lofte were erected two 
 Traverses, one for the Queene on the Eight Hand, and the other 
 for the Prince on the Left Hand ; which Places served very well 
 for the purpose. The Quire was also richly hanged with Cloth 
 of Gould, and on each side of the Alter were other Two rich 
 Traverses, as aforesaid, for the Queen's Majesty and the Prince. 
 
 The Queene made her Entrye into the Citie of Winchester, 
 very richly in AppareU, on Satterday, the 21" of July, and was 
 lodged in the Bishopp's Pallace ; and Prince Philippe made his 
 Entrye into the said citie on Munday after, being the 23'* Julie, 
 at whose Entrie the Mayor deUvered to him the Keyes of the 
 citie, which he received, and deUvered them backe againe, being 
 lodged at the Deane's House. 
 
144 TKANSCKIPTS FROM 
 
 On Wednesday, the 25* of' July, being St. James's Day, 
 the Prince, richly Appareled in Cloth of Gould imhroydered, 
 accompanied with a great nomber of the Nobles of Spaine, in 
 such sorte as the like hath not beene seene, proceeded to the 
 Church, and entred in at the West Dors, and passed to his 
 Traverse all the way on foote ; and to the Church he had noe 
 Swprde borne before him. 
 
 Then came the Queene's Majestic, accompanied with a 
 great nomber of the Nobihtie of the Eeahne, the Sword 
 being borne before her by the Earl of Darby, and a great 
 nomber of Ladies and Gentlewomen very richly appareled. 
 Her Majestie's Trayne was borne by the Marquess of Win- 
 chester, assisted by Sir John Gage, her Lo. Chamberlaine. 
 And soe she proceeded to the Church, the Kings and 
 Heraulds of Armes in their Coats going before her from 
 her Lodging on Foote to the Church, where, entering at 
 the West Dore, she passed on till she came to her Traverse, 
 Then the Bishop of Windhester, Lo, Chancellor of England, 
 which did the Divine Service, assisted by the Bishops of 
 London, Duresme, Chechester, Lincolne, and Elye, , all with 
 theire Crosiers borne before them, came out of the Quire to 
 the Mounte, 
 
 Then came the Eegent Figerda, who name was — p-, and 
 presented to the Prince a solempne Oration, with a Patent, sent 
 from the Emperour to the Prince, of the Surrender of the 
 Kingdom of Naples, freely given to him and his Heires as by 
 the said Patent was declared, which Patent was fayre sealed, and 
 inclosed in a cover of Silver guilte, . 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTEB. 145 
 
 This done, the Lo. Chamberlayne made a goodly Oration to 
 the People, which was in effect as foUoweth : — ■ 
 
 Whereas the Emperor, by his Ambassadors heere in England, 
 hath concluded and contracted a Marriage between the Queene's . 
 Majestie and his chiefe Jewell and Sone and Heire Pliillipe, 
 Prince of Spayne, heere present, the Articles whereof are not 
 unknowne to the whole Kealme, and confirmed by Acte of 
 Parliament, soe that there needeth noe further Eehearsal of that 
 matter, &c.; and so likewise declared that the Queene's 
 Highnes had sent the Earle of Bedford and the Lo. Fitzwalter 
 Ambassadors to the Eealme of Spayne, for the performance of 
 the said contract, which they have heere brought, with the 
 consent of the whole Kealme of Spayne, for the full conclusion 
 of the same, as may appeare by this Instrument in Parchment, 
 sealed with the Great Scale, conteyning, by estimation, 12 
 Leaves. 
 
 Then the Lo. Chamberlaine delivered openly, for the 
 Solemnisation of this high Marriage, how that the Emperor had 
 given his Sone the Kingdome of Naples ; so that whereas it 
 was thought the Queene's Majestie should marrye but with a 
 Prince, now it was manifested that she should marrye with a 
 Kinge, and so proceeded to the Espousall, and with a loud Voice 
 said, " If there be any Person that knoweth any lawful! 
 impedyment betwene these two Parties, that they should not 
 goe together according to the contract concluded betwene both 
 Eealmes, that then they should come forth, and they should be 
 heard, or els to proceede to the celebration of the Marriage," 
 which was pronounced in English and Latine ; and when it 
 
 L 
 
146 TRANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 came to the Guifte of the Queene, it was asked who should 
 give her? Then the Marquis of Winchester, the Earle of 
 Darby, Bedford, and Pembroke, gave her Highnes in the name 
 of the whole Kealme. 
 
 Then all the People gave a great Shoute, praying God to 
 send them Joye ; and the Einge being laid upon the Booke to 
 be hallowed, the Prince layd also uppon the sayd Booke 3 
 HandfuU of fyne Gould, which the Lady Margaret seeing, 
 opened the Queene's Purse, and the Queene smilingly put up 
 in the said Purse. And when they had inclosed their Hands, 
 ymediately the Sword was advanced before the King by the 
 Earl of Pembroke. 
 
 This done, the Trumpetts sounded, and they both returned 
 Hand in Hand, the Sworde being borne before them, to their 
 Traverses in the Quire, the Queene going alwayes on the Eight 
 Hand, and their remayned untill Mase was don, at which tyme 
 Wyne and Sopes were hallowed, and delivered unto them booth ; 
 and ymediately Garter King of Armes, with the other Kings 
 and Herauld?, published and proclaimed their Styles in Latine, 
 Frenche, and English, and so they returned to the Bishop's 
 Place, both under one Canopie, borne by 7 Knights, the Queene 
 on the Eight Hand, and theire Swords borne before them. 
 And so they proceeded to the Hall, where they both dyned 
 under one cloth of Estate; and in the evening left for Basing 
 Castle, and the next day to "Windsor. 
 
 The chair which, it is stated, her Majesty occupied 
 
THE ARCHIVES OP WINCHESTER. 147 
 
 during this august ceremony, is still preserved in the 
 Cathedral. 
 
 Notwithstanding this auspicious commencement, the 
 marriage proved a very unhappy one ; Philip mostly 
 residing in Spain apart from his Royal spouse. She 
 died November 7th, 1558, of an epidemic fever, having 
 long previously laboured under great depression both of 
 body and mind. She was a benefactor to this city, 
 having, at her marriage, presented the Corporation with 
 several properties belonging to the Crown. 
 
 THE SrEKENDEE OF THE CITY AISTD CASTLE TO 
 OLIVEE CEOMWELL. 
 
 Oliver Cromwell appeared before this city on the 
 29th of September, 1645, with an army consisting of 
 four Regiments of Foot and three of Horse, to reduce 
 it and the Castle. He immediately summoned the 
 city, to surrender, sending a letter to the Mayor, of which 
 the following is a copy : — 
 
14:8 TEANSCBIPTS FROM 
 
 S', 
 
 I come not to this city but w* a full resolution to 
 
 save it and the Inhabitants thereof from ruine. I have 
 
 comaunded the Souldyers, upon payne of death, that noe wrong 
 
 bee done, w* I shall strictly observe; only I expect you give 
 
 me entrance into the city w^out neeessitateing mee to force my 
 
 way, w* yf I doe, then it will be in my power to save you 
 
 or it. I expect yo' answeare w'Mn halfe an howre ; and rest, 
 
 Yo' Serv', 
 Sept' 28'S 1645> Oliver Cromwell. 
 
 Five o'clock at night. 
 
 To the Mayor of the City of Winchester. 
 
 The Answer to the said Letter. 
 
 8', 
 
 I have received yo' Letter by yo' Trumpett, and in 
 
 the behalf of the Citizens and Inhabitants returne you hearty 
 
 thanks for yo' favourable expressions therin ; But, w*all, I am 
 
 to signifie unto you that the dehvry up of the city is not in my 
 
 power, it being under the comand of the right ho*"'' the Lord 
 
 Ogle, who hath the millitary Governem' thereof. In the meane 
 
 tyme I shall use my best endeavour with the Lord Ogle to 
 
 performe the contents of yo' letter concerning the city; and 
 
 rest. 
 
 Tour most humble Serv', 
 
 W™ Longland, Mayor. 
 Winton, Sept. 28, 1645. 
 
THE AKCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 149 
 
 Notwithstanding this letter, the city, according to our 
 historian, did not immediately capitulate ; and it is 
 probable that a few shots were fired into it, in order to 
 intimidate the inhabitants, from a distant eminence, 
 which still preserves the name of Oliver's Battery ; but 
 his chief attack was directed against the Castle, by 
 opening upon it a nearer battery during the space of a 
 week, and made a breach in the wall near the Black 
 Tower, when it was surrendered to him, upon terms very 
 favourable to the garrison's safety and property, though 
 it has been represented that its capitulation was a deed 
 of treachery. 
 
 Copy of a letter from Oliver Cromwell to Sir Thomas 
 Fairfax, General of the Parliament's Army, giving a 
 description of the taking of Winchester Castle. 
 
 To the Right Honble. Sir Thomas Fairfax, General of the 
 Parliament's Army. 
 
 Winchester, 6* October, 1645. 
 Sir, 
 
 I came to Wiaohester on the Lord's day, the 28"' of 
 
 Sept', with Colonal Pickering, commanding his own, Col' 
 
 Montague's, and Sir Hardress Waller's regiments. After some 
 
 dispute with the Governor we entered the Town, I summoned 
 
 the Castle ; was denied ; whereupon we fell to prepare batteries, 
 
 which we could not perfect (some of pur guns being out of 
 
150 TRANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 order) until Friday following. Our battery was 6 guns, which 
 being finished, after firing one round, I sent in a 2"* summons 
 for a treaty, which they refused. Whereupon we went on with 
 our work, and made a breach in the Wall near the Black 
 Tower ; which after about 200 shot we thought stormable, and 
 purposed on Monday morning to attempt it. On Sunday night, 
 about 10 of the clock, the Govenor beat a parley, desiring to 
 treat. I agreed unto it; and sent Col' Hammond and Major 
 Harrison in to him, who agreed upon these enclosed articles. 
 
 Sir, this is the addition of another mercy. You see, God is 
 not weary in doing you good. I confess. Sir, His favour to you 
 is as visible when He comes by His power upon the hearts of 
 your enemies, making them quit places of strength to you, as 
 when He gives courage to your soldiers to attempt hard things. 
 His goodness in this is much to be acknowledged ; for the 
 Castle was well manned, with 680 horse and foot, there being 
 near 200 gentlemen, officers and their servants ; well victualled, 
 with fifteen hundred weight of Cheese, very great weight of 
 meat and beer, near 20 barrels of Powder, 7 pieces of cannon : 
 the works were exceeding good and strong. It is very likely 
 it would have cost much blood to have gained it by storm. 
 We have not lost 12 men. This is repeated to you, that God 
 may have aU the praise, for it's aU his due. 
 
 Sir, I rest 
 Your most humble servant, 
 
 Oliver Cromwell. 
 
 (Lieut.-Getf Cromwell's Secty, who brings this letter, gets 
 £50 for his good news.) 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 151 
 
 On the surrender of the Citadel it was ordered to 
 be razed to the ground. Thus, by no foreign invader, 
 or the ravages of time, fell the venerable and renowned 
 Castle of Winchester, so intimately connected for 
 centuries with the proudest associations of English 
 history. The subsequent appropriation of the site of 
 the demolished Castle for the Palace of Charles II., 
 and its various applications since that period, will 
 be noticed when we allude to the visits of that Monarch 
 to Winchester. 
 
 EOYAL VISITS. 
 
 It is well known that Winchester was frequently 
 visited by, and, in several cases, was the abode of, 
 the Kings of England. We must not indulge in ideal 
 speculation of the pomp and ceremony which enlivened 
 our city during their habitation, as we are entirely 
 limited to the particulars of our manuscripts. It has 
 been doubted whether Elizabeth ever honoured Win- 
 chester with her presence ; but it is certain preparations 
 were made for her reception, as we find from the 
 following items. 
 
15Z TRANSCRIPTS PROM 
 
 From most places that her Maiesty condesoendfd 
 to visit in her Progresses, she expected not only to be 
 received with queenly dignity, but welcomed with 
 pecuniary presents; thus, when her Majesty was ex- 
 pected at Winchester, the citizens ordered £10 to be 
 taken out of the coffer and to be converted into gold, 
 and also a gilt cup, for presentation. 
 
 31" August, 33'* Elz'". 
 
 The same day and yere it is agreed that the some of £10 
 shall be taken owte of the Coflfers of the citie and converted 
 into goolde, and presented in a Silver cupp unto her Majestie, 
 if it be not otherwise determined before her maiestie's cominge. 
 
 The same dale and yere it is agreed that the Chamberlaines 
 
 of the citie shall geve and paie Nicholas Marks the Some of 
 
 tenne shihiags, for and towards his labour and charge in his 
 
 travaile to London in providinge of a Guilt Cuppe to be 
 
 I presented to her Maiestie, and other business of the citie. 
 
 Some of the charges ordered to be given to her 
 Majesty's household during her visit at Winchester, put 
 us in possession, in some degree, of the expenses at- 
 tendant on these Royal Progresses. 
 
 31" Aug", 33'* Eliz*. 
 
 The same daie and yere it is agreed that the Chamberlaines 
 of the citie shall paie and geve unto her Majeste's Trumpeters 
 
THE ARCHIVES OP WINCHESTER. 153 
 
 for their rewarde 20° ; and also that the Chamberlaines of the 
 citie shall likewise paie 10' unto her maietie's marshall ; and 
 tenne shillings unto a Trumpeter attendinge the Gierke of the 
 Market of her highnes' howsholde. 
 
 And also that the Chamberlaines of the citie shall likewise 
 paie and geve five shillings in rewarde to the purveior and 
 master of her Majestie's buttrie. 
 
 And also that all fees as have byn heretofore geven unto the 
 officers of her Maiestie's howsholde in the tyme of her highnes' 
 prograse, shall likewise be paied by the Chamberlaines ; and 
 that all other mete things and rewards shall be paied and 
 disbursed by the discretion of Mr. Maior, not exceeding the 
 Some of Twentie or fortie shillings above that w"*" hath byn 
 heretofore accustomed. 
 
 And likewise the Some of 3' 4* shall be geven unto the 
 three Seriants and bedell towards the provision of their apparrell 
 against her maiestie's comynge to y' citie. 
 
 Sometimes her Majesty presented these cups and 
 gold to a favoured courtier ; but we have read that nine 
 times out of ten Good Queen Bess put the gold into 
 her own pocket. 
 
 Again, on the, visit of James II., we find the same 
 courtly reception; and by an Ordinance of 1685, it 
 appears that the Corporation was so impoverished at 
 
154 TKANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 this period, that they were compelled to raise one 
 hundred guineas, by bond, to present to the King. 
 
 2* October, 1685. 
 
 Memorandum, That this day the Seal of this city was put 
 to two several bonds, one to John Warner, Gent., of £100 
 penalty, conditioned for payment of £50, with lawful interest; 
 the other bond was to Edmund Fifield, Gent., for the hke sum, 
 which monies were so taken up to make One hundred Guineas, 
 which were presented to His Majesty, at His Majesty's first 
 coming to this city, viz., the Fourteenth day of September last. 
 
 Memorandum, There was afterwards, the Seventeenth day 
 of the same month, paid unto Bryan Turner, Esq'^ one of His 
 Majesty's Gentleman Ushers, for his own and other fees, paid 
 to other His Majesty's Officers, that is to say, — 
 
 £ s. d. 
 
 To the Gentlemen Ushers of the Privy Chamber 5 
 
 To the Gentlemen Ushers, daily Waiters 5 
 
 To the Gentlemen Ushers, Quarter Waiters 10 
 
 To the Sergeants at Arms ■ 3 6 
 
 To the Knight Harbingers 3 6 8 
 
 To the Sewers of the Chamber 10 
 
 To the Knight Marshall 10 
 
 To the Yeomen of the month 2 
 
 To the Sergeants Office of the Trumpets 3 16 8 
 
 To the Wardrobe Office 1 16 8 
 
 To the Yeomen Ushers 10 
 
 To the Grooms and Pages of the Chamber 1 
 
THE ABCHIVES OF ■WINCHESTER. 155 
 
 £ s. d. 
 
 To the Surveyor of the Ways 10 
 
 To the Closet Keeper 10 
 
 To the Porters of the Gate 10 
 
 To the King's Jester 10 
 
 To the King's Footmen 2 
 
 To the King's Coachmen 10 
 
 To the Yeomen Harbingers 1 
 
 Examined per Will" Whetmore, Groom of the 
 Chamber, and Deputy to Sir The' Duppa, Black 
 Eod Collector. 
 
 We now arrive at the year 1682, when Charles II. 
 decided on making our city his place of residence, and 
 building a palace worthy of the Kings of England. 
 He therefore contracted with the Mayor and Aldermen 
 to purchase the very spot on which the celebrated 
 Castle of Winchester stood ; and a deed of conveyance 
 passed between the city and the Crown, bearing date 
 the 17th day of March, 1682, whereby the citizens sold 
 to his Majesty, for the sum of 5s., the said Castle 
 as it stood, defaced and mutilated, with the walls, 
 stones, and other loose materials belonging to it ; and 
 likewise the castle fence and ditch, containing by 
 estimation eight acres. Sir Christopher Wren was 
 appointed architect. The King himself laid the foun- 
 dation-stone, on March 23rd, 1683 ; and, according to 
 
156 TEANSCBIPTS FROM 
 
 Milner, the King, with his brother, the Duke of York, 
 carried on the building with the greatest ardour, being 
 frequently here together for a considerable time to 
 inspect the progress, and making frequent excursions to 
 Portsmouth, and hunting parties into the New Forest. 
 Under these auspices our city again assumed great 
 importance; and it was fondly anticipated that her 
 ancient glory would revive, and that she would con- 
 tinue to be the nursing father and mother of the 
 Church, the birth-place of future Princes, and the 
 residence of her Kings : but, alas ! how futile are 
 human speculations ! how delusive the visions of hope ! 
 In the midst of these brilliant expectations Charles 
 expired, on the evening of Thursday, the 6th of 
 February, 1685 ; and with him departed the hopes of 
 Winchester realising her former pre-eminence. The 
 palace, which had already cost a£25,000, was imme- 
 diately suspended. It is said that Queen Anne, who 
 visited this city upon her marriage with the Prince of 
 Denmark, and who procured the King's House, caused 
 an estimate to be made of the sum required to finish 
 the royal building ; but the expense of the great 
 continental war, and the premature death of the Prince, 
 defeated the completion of the edifice ; and at last, in 
 the reign of George III., it was converted into a 
 residence for French prisoners, and now forms a military 
 garrison for soldiers of the United Kingdom. 
 
THE ABCHIVES OP WINCHESTBB. 157 
 
 It will be seen from the following extract that the 
 Corporation purchased of Sir William Waller the dilapi- 
 dated Castle for ^£260 : — 
 
 2"^ May, 1656. 
 
 Taken then out of the Gofers to pay Sir William Waller for 
 the purchase of the Castle, with the appurtenances and other 
 materials thereunto belonging, the sum of Two hundred and 
 Three Score Pounds. 
 
 The following is a copy of the agreement for the 
 conveyance of the demolished Castle by the Corpora- 
 tion to Charles II. : — 
 
 At a Common Assembly, holden at the G-uildhaU of the said 
 city, on Thursday, the Seventh day of September, in the Four 
 and thirtieth year of the Eeign of our Sovereign Lord Charles 
 the Second, by the Grace of God of England, Scotland, France, 
 and Ireland King, Defender of the Faith, and Anno Domini 
 1682, before Thomas Coward, Esq", then being Mayor, John 
 HoIIoway and Henry Ghost, Bailiffs of the same city. 
 
 At which Assembly it was unanimously agreed and ordered 
 that His most Gracious Majesty shall have all the right, title, 
 and interest which we, the Mayor, Bailiffs, and Commonalty 
 have of and in the Scite of the demolished Castle, with the 
 Lands, and all appurtenances belonging to it, to build on, as 
 His Majesty shall think fit, and to build on for his reception. 
 
158 TEANSCBIPTS FBOM 
 
 The following is an Address presented to his 
 Majesty by the Inhabitants of this city, expressive of 
 their loyalty : — 
 
 SO'i'-May, 1681. 
 
 Att which Assembly it was ordered and agreed that this 
 following Addresse be humbly presented to his Mat'^. 
 
 Dread Soveraigne, 
 
 Wee, yo' Ma"" most dutifuU and obedient Sub- 
 jects, under the deepe sence of our allegiance, and yo' Matie's 
 princely care for the preserving of us in the true Protestant 
 EeUgion, doe give unto yo' most sacred Ma% from the bottom 
 of our hearts, our most humble and hearty thanks for yo' 
 Ma"°* gracious Declaration that you wUl suppresse Popery, and 
 not use arbitrary goverment, nor permitt it in others ; that yo' 
 Mat'* will releive the agrievances of yo' people by frequent 
 Parliaments, and make the lawes of the Land yo' Eule, as we 
 are in duty bound to make them ours ; that yo' Ma*'' will 
 preserve the Church in its Eights, and true Protestant Eeligion 
 as it is by law established. Privileges soe greate, that , noe 
 Prince's Subjects in Christendome can enjoy greater. 
 
 The sence of these yo' Mat'" gracious favors which wee at 
 this time enioy, make us unanimously declare y' wee wiU yeUd 
 our lives and fortunes at yo' Ma"" Comand in the defence of 
 yo' Mat'" Eoyall person and goverment against aU popish and 
 Phanatical persons whatsoever, whose ambition did enslave us 
 
THE ABCHIVES OF WINCHESTEB. 159 
 
 under the tyranny of Arbitrary goverment, which wee were 
 hapily delivered from by yo' Matie's miraculous Kestauracion, 
 the burthen of which oppression yo' Ma""^' poore citie groanes 
 under to this day, from which nothing but the great prudence 
 and care of yo' Ma"' (whom God long preserve) can protect us ; 
 that we and all your loving subjects may with one heart feare 
 God and the King, and avoyd all them that are given to change. 
 
 God save the King. 
 
 His Ma"°' gratious Answere to Mr. Maior and the gentlemen 
 
 present. 
 
 I am very weU satisfyed of the Loyalty of my antient city 
 of Winchester; and Mr. Maior and Gentlemen, I heartUy 
 thanke you for this expression of it, and pray doe the same for 
 me, with my kind remembrance, to the rest of the Corporation. 
 I doe assure you I will defend the Protestant Eeligion as by 
 law established, and all that are Friends to it, against both 
 papists and Phanaticks, as I doe not doubt they will me ; and 
 as long as I Uve the lawes of the land shall be the Eule of the 
 Goverment. 
 
 The following is another Address to the King : — 
 
 14'" April 1682. 
 
 Att which Assembly it was agreed and ordered y' the 
 following Abhorrence be humbly presented to his Ma"° : — 
 
160 TKANSCBIPTS FEOM 
 
 To the King's most Excellent Ma*". 
 
 Wee, yo' Matie's most loyall and obedient subjects, the 
 Maior, Bayliffes, and Comonaltie of yo' Ma"^' Loyal and antient 
 citie of Winchester, being deeply sensible of the greate benefitts 
 of peace, comerce, and plentiei, which we enjoy under yo' 
 Ma*'" most gracious and legaU goverment, and of the true care 
 yo' Ma*'° hath taken for the preservacon of the protestant 
 Religion as by law established ; and the Eights and Liberties of 
 yo' subjects, and for the protection of them from any arbitrary 
 goverment whatsoever (which are the greatest blessings we can 
 enjoy), doe think ourselves in gratitude and allegiance bound to 
 testify pubUckly our thankes to Almighty God and yo' Ma"' for 
 this our happines, and to make this our publick profession, that 
 from our soules we detest and abhorr that Treasonable and 
 abominable paper lately produced at the Old Bayly in the 
 proceedings against the Earle of Shaftsbury, containing a form 
 of an Association ; And we doe assure yo' Matie that we will 
 serve you with our lives and fortunes against any person or 
 persons whatsoever, combining in that or any other the like 
 illegall Association, which that shall endeavo' by force and 
 contrivance to deprive us of the unspeakable benefitts which we 
 enjoy in the safty of yo' Ma*'" person, and the excellent temper 
 of yo' ^goverment : And this publick protestation (which we 
 make to yo' sacred JMa*" against ' all such damnable designes 
 and practises) we thought a most necessary parte of our Dutie, 
 not being satisfyed that we only beare in our breastes loyall 
 hearts and affections, unless wee also with one voice hereby 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 161 
 
 express and declare the same. God grant your Ma"' a long 
 and prosperous raigne over us, and that there may never 
 want one of yo' Eoyall loynes to sway the scepter of these 
 your Kingdomes til time shall be noe more. 
 
 In Testimony of our Fidelitie and allegiance we have hereto 
 unanimously fixt our Comon Seal, the fourteenth day of April, 
 in the xxxiiij"' yeare of yo' Ma*'=' Eaigne over Englande, &c. 
 
 14'!' July, 1683. 
 
 Agreed and ordered, that this following address be humbly 
 presented to his Ma's" : — 
 
 To the King's Most excellent Majesty. 
 
 The humble Address of the Mayor, Bayliffes, and 
 Commonalty of the City of Winchester. 
 
 Most Gracious and Dread Soveraigne, 
 
 The Providence of God hath been soe conspicuous 
 in preserving your Mat'" most sacred person in the nddst' of 
 Great and apparent dangers, from yo' infancy to this verry 
 houre, but especially from this late Hellish conspiracy designed 
 for the destruction of yo'selfe and RoyaU Brother by some 
 restlesse spirits that seeme to have the poyson of rebellion 
 naturall to them, but further blowed up by the turbulence of 
 their factious teachers ; That we cannot but render our thankes 
 to that divine Providence, and congratulate yo' Ma''', on whose 
 life and safty ours doth most certainly depend That hoe 
 
 M 
 
162 TRANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 weapon formed against your Ma'^ doth, nor (as we believe and 
 hope) shall ever prosper ; And as the venom of their pemitious 
 Instrument hath made it, as it -were, naturall to them to venture 
 their lives and fortunes to destroy your Eoyall person and 
 family, and to embroyle your kingdomes in War and Euine, 
 Soe we, being boutid by the lawes of God and nature to obey 
 and defend your Ma"^ our naturaU and just Soveraigne, and yo"' 
 heires, in the just and lawful succession ; Eesolve, by the grace 
 of Grod, that we wiU be so far from being discouraged by their 
 treacherous Machinations, Associations, and conspiracies, That 
 our loyalty and Zeale for the defence of your Ma"" Crowne 
 and Eoyall family shall increase in soe much the greater pro- 
 portion, as well in a just abhorrence of the rebellious practices 
 of this Seditious faction of men, as in a true sence y* it is as 
 well our perpetuall Interest as our indispensible Duty to 
 continue. 
 
 Yo' Ma"" Loyall Subjects. 
 
 In comparatively modern times we find the same 
 liberality was exercised by our ancestors on the occasion 
 of the visit of Queen Anne to this city, in 1705, on 
 which occasion the following Ordinance was passed : — 
 
 [Civitas Winton.] 
 
 At a Common Assembly holden for the said city at the 
 Gruildhall there, on Monday, the Twentieth day of August, in 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTEB. 163 
 
 the Fourth year of the Eeign of Our Sovereign Lady Anne, of 
 England, Scotland, France, and Ireland Queen, Defender of the 
 Faith, and Anno Domini 1705 ; David Wavell, Esq., then being 
 Maior, Matthew Nicholson and Nicholas Purdue Bailiffs, and 
 the Commonalty of the same city. Agreed and Ordered as 
 hereafter foUoweth : — 
 
 [A. present to Her Majesty Queen Anne of One hundred 
 Guineas.] 
 
 Also agreed unanimously at this Assembly, that the sum of 
 One hundred Guineas be presented unto Her Majesty Queen 
 Anne upon her first coming to this city, Her Majesty having 
 declared her royal intentions to be here the latter end of this 
 instant August. 
 
 [Eules and Orders at this Assembly to be observed during Her 
 Majesty's residence here.] 
 
 Forasmuch as the Queen's most excellent Majesty (with 
 Her Eoyal Consort His Royal Highness Prince George of 
 Denmark) is graciously pleased to declare Her Eoyal intentions 
 to visit this Her City within few days, and make some residence 
 herein. To the great joy and benefit of Her Subjects therein, It 
 is therefore Ordered, — 
 
 [Lights.] 
 That the several Inhabitants of the said City living in the 
 
164 TKANSCBIPTS FROM 
 
 High Street and in other the Streets and Lanes of this City, do 
 every night during Her Majesty's residence here, hang out 
 Lights before their several houses, not only for giving Light to 
 People passing to and from their Lodgings, hut for discovery 
 and preventing disorders and raischieves which may happen in 
 the Streets; such Lights to be continued from eight of the 
 Clock in the evening til Twelve at night, upon pain of Twelve 
 pence a night for every of the said Inhabitants neglecting or 
 refusing so to do the same, to be levied by Distress by the 
 Beadle of the said city. 
 
 [Watchmen.] 
 
 And it is also thought fit and convenient, and for the public 
 good, for discovery and prevention of all dangers that may arise 
 in the night by Fire, That there shall be Eight Watchmen 
 appointed to watch every night in the said city, and walk the 
 Streets during Her Majesty's residence herein ; which Watchmen 
 "shall be provided and paid by the several Housekeepers within 
 this city, according as it shall come to their respective turns, by 
 the hour : And the Constables of the said city are required to 
 settle and appoint the said Watches, and to see that the Watch- 
 men perform their duty. And if any Housekeeper find himself 
 aggrieved herein, he may appeal to the Mayor of this city for 
 redress of his grievance. And if any person. Inhabitant or 
 Housekeeper within this city shall refuse or neglect to provide 
 such Watchmen in his turn, the Mayor, or any other Justice of 
 the Peace of this city, is desired to bind such Person so 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 165 
 
 neglecting or refusing to the next Sessions, to answer such his 
 contempt or neglect herein. 
 
 [John Stratton, Belhnan and Crier.] 
 
 Also agreed at this Assembly, That John Stratton, Sen', be 
 BeUman and Crier of this city until another shall be appointed 
 by an Assembly. And in case he shaU neglect to do and 
 performe his Duty, to be displaced, as well from the said 
 Services as also from his Porter's place, at the discretion of the 
 Mayor for the time being : And for such his Service shall have 
 a Coat yearly, as usual. 
 
 It being proposed to this Assembly, That the City, per- 
 forming their promise and Contract made with Mr. Forder, 
 Scavenger, and Eobert Dovey, BeUman ; and that a Bate be 
 made upon all the Inhabitants of this city to discharge and pay 
 what is due to them for such their services. 
 
 It is agreed unanimously at this Assembly, That the said 
 Mr. Forder and Eobert Dovey be paid and discharged the 
 several sums of money due to them respectively for such their 
 respective services, out of and by the Arrears of the three last 
 Scavengers' Bates, whereof a part Was gathered. 
 
 The Eleventh day of May, 1713. 
 
 Agreed then in Counsel House, that an Assembly be holden 
 at the Guildhall of this city, on Friday, the Fifteenth day of 
 May instant, at Nine in the Morning, to put the Common Seal 
 
166 TEAUSCEIPTS PEOM 
 
 to an Humble Address to Her Majesty upon the Peace with 
 His most Christian Majesty, the French King, in the form, 
 manner, and tenour that shall be then produced and read to 
 the Assembly, to wit : — 
 
 To the Queen's most Excellent Majesty. 
 
 The humble Address of the Mayor, Bailiffs, and Com- 
 monalty of your Majestie's ancient City of Win- 
 chester. 
 
 Most G-racious and Dread Sovereign, 
 
 We humbly beg leave to congratulate your 
 Majesty upon the success in your obtaining a Glorious Peace, 
 after a long and expensive War, and for securing the Protestant 
 Eeligion and Succession as by Law established, and the perfect 
 Friendship between your Majesty and the Illustrious House of 
 » Hanover, to the great satisfaction of all your Majestie's subjects. 
 
 Madam, 
 
 You have been a Grlorious Defender of the Christian 
 Faith, and the Maintainer and Upholder of the Protestant 
 Eeligion, whereby your Majesty, hath gained a name that wiU 
 last with great Eenown so long as the Sun and Moon endure. 
 
 And that your Majesty may long sit upon the Throne, and 
 enjoy the benefit and reap the fruit of that Peace which Your 
 Majesty hath promised for your Kingdom and your Allies ; and 
 
THE ARCHIVES OP WINCHESTER. 167 
 
 that, after a long and prosperous Eeign here, you may at last he 
 crowned with an Eternal weight of Glory, are the hearty 
 prayers of us your Majestie's most humhle, loyal, and obedient 
 Subjects. 
 
 In Testimony whereof we have hereunto caused our Com- 
 mon Seal to be affixed, the Fifteenth day of May, in the 
 Twelfth year of your Majesty's Eeign. 
 
 George the Third and Queen Charlotte occasionally 
 visited Winchester; and although the ceremonial of a 
 regal reception was dispensed with, the Corporation 
 expressed their gratitude and loyalty by the following 
 Addresses: — 
 
 City of Winchester, The 26* of September, 1778. 
 
 At a Meeting of a great number of the Gentlemen of the 
 Corporation this day, at the Guildhall, it was unanimously 
 agreed upon that the following Address be presented to His 
 Majesty, who has been graciously pleased to signify his intention 
 of visiting this city on Monday next : . And also an Address to 
 the Queen, who accompanies His Majesty. 
 
 Most Gracious Sovereign, r , 
 
 The Mayor, Bailiffs, and Commonalty of the city 
 of Winchester, at all times Eager to testify their Loyalty to 
 
168 TEANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 your Majesty and their Attachment to your Illustrious Family, 
 most humbly Approach your Majesty to express their unfeigned 
 joy at seeing within the walls of this Ancient City a Sovereign 
 under whose Government they experience so many and so 
 extensive Blessings. 
 
 Your Eoya,l presence in this the once flourishing Capital of 
 your Eealm, calls to our Eemembrance those remote times when 
 its Citizens, warmed by the Love of their Country, and 
 animated by the Eesidence of their Sovereigns, stood foremost 
 in the defence of the State, and acquired, by repeated proofs of 
 their loyalty, A Grant of the first True Charter which had 
 ever been obtained by any Subjects; a prominence which at 
 once bespoke the Munificence of the Prince who gave it, and 
 the sense which he entertained of the Zeal and fidelity of 
 the City which he rewarded with such peculiar Privileges. 
 Great, however, and extensive as were the Advantages which 
 its Inhabitants enjoyed over other subjects in the early period 
 of the English History, We, your Majesty's Loyal Citizens, 
 - look up with Gratitude to the Divine Providence, thankfuU 
 for the superior Blessings we derive from living in a more 
 enlightened age, in the exercise of a more perfect Eeligion, and 
 in the possession of such Just and wise Laws, as have secured 
 to us, in common with all your people, the liberties of which 
 your Majesty is the Guardian. 
 
 Long, Eoyal Sire, may you continue to Eeign over a Loyal 
 and united nation. May it be ever sensible of that parental 
 Afiection which distinguishes your Government ; and may you 
 long continue bless'd in the possession of an amiable and 
 
THE ABCHIVES OF WINCHESTEK. 169 
 
 virtuous Queen to participate with Your Majesty the Duty and 
 Affections of a gratefull and happy People. 
 
 In testimony whereof we have caused our Common Seal to 
 be hereto affixed, the Twenty Sixth day of September, in the 
 Eighteenth year of Your Majesty's Eeign. 
 
 To the Queen Charlotte. 
 
 May it please your Most Excellent Majesty. 
 
 Your Majesty's loyal Citizens, The Mayor, Bailiffs, 
 and Commonalty of the City of Winchester, entreat your 
 Majesty's permission to lay at Your Eoyal Feet the humble offer 
 of their duty, and to testify the excess of their Joy in being 
 admitted to the Presence of a Priacess possessed of every 
 Accomplishment which can adorn Her Sex, and graced with 
 every virtue which can give Lustre to her exalted Station. It 
 has pleased the Divine Author of all goodness to shower down 
 upon Your Majesty rewards well suited to such merits, by 
 uniting you with a Sovereign who is the Father of his people, 
 by blessing Your Majesty with a numerous Offspring, and by 
 giving you Dominion over Subjects sensible of the blessings 
 which they enjoy under the best of Princes. 
 
 May your Majesty long remain the bright ornament, as you 
 are the admiration, of a gratefull and affectionate Nation ; and 
 may it for Ages yet to come be governed by a long Succession 
 of Princes descended from your Majesty, and inheritors of those 
 
170 TBAKSCEIPTS FROM 
 
 Koyal virtues which have so deservedly rendered Your Majesty 
 the delight of all your subjects. 
 
 In testimony whereof we have caused our Common Seal 
 to be hereto affixed, tlie Twenty Sixth day of September, in 
 the Eighteenth Year of the Eeign of your Majesty's Eoyal 
 Consort. 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 To show that we are the inhabitants of " no mean 
 city," we will hereunder enumerate the constituency 
 of the Corporation in 1679, whereby it will be seen, 
 inclusive of the then Sovereign and his brother, the 
 Duke of York, bishops, nobles, baronets, knights, Sac, 
 were proud of being, enrolled members of this ancient 
 fraternity : — 
 
 [Civitas Winton.] 
 
 At a Comon Assembly holden within the Citie of Win- 
 chester, on Tuesday, the Twelfth day of August, in the One 
 and thirtieth yeare of the raigne of our Soveraign Lord Charles 
 the Second, by the Grace of God of England, Scotland, France, 
 and Ireland King, Defender of the Fayth, &c., Anno Dni. 1679; 
 
THE ARCHIVES OP WINCHESTER. 171 
 
 William Cradoeke, Esq', then being Maior, Henry Sharpe and 
 Eobert Clarke Bayliffes of the same citie : 
 
 William Cradoeke, Esq', Maior. 
 Eichard Harris^ Esq'', Eeoorder. 
 
 The Eight Honble. Charles Lord Marquesse of Winchester. 
 The Eight Hon"' and Eight Eeverend Father in G-od 
 
 George, L* Bpp. of Winchester. 
 The Eight Hon"' Charles Lord de la Warr. 
 The Eight Hon*" Henry Lord Sandys. 
 The Eight Hon"' John Lord Viscount Brackley. 
 The Eight Hon"' William Lord EusseE. 
 The Eight Hon"' James Lord Annesley. 
 The Hon"' Edw* NoeU, Esq. 
 The Hon"' Barnard Howard, Esq. 
 The Hon"' Thomas Egerton, Esq. 
 The Hon"' Wriothesley Baptist Noel, Esq. 
 S'John Norton, Barr'. 
 S' Nicholas Stuart, Barr'. 
 S' Henry Tichbourne, Barr'. 
 S' James PhiUipps, Barr'. 
 S' Charles Windham, Knight. 
 S' John Clobery, Kn'. 
 S' Eobert Hohnes, Kn'. 
 S' Eichard Knight, Kn'. 
 S' Francis Poll, Kn'. 
 S' John Ottway, Kn'. 
 
172 
 
 TRANSCKIPTS FBOM 
 
 Lawrence Hyde, Esq. 
 Edmond Eifield, Gent. 
 Thomas Muspratt, Gent. 
 Bencamin Clarke, Gent. 
 William Tayler, Gent. 
 Thomas Wavell, Gent. 
 Godson Penton, Gent. 
 WUHam Horwood, Gent. 
 Anthony Talden, Gent. 
 John Warner, Gent. 
 Eichard Norton, Esq. 
 John Hooke, Esq. 
 Thomas Cole, Esq. 
 Edmund Clarke, Esq. 
 Francis Dickens, Esq. 
 Eoger Corham, Esq. 
 George Philpott, Esq. 
 Henry Whitehead, Esq. 
 Francis Morley, Esq. 
 Charles Dingley, Esq. 
 Thomas Astley, Gent. 
 Nicholas Stanley, Doct' of 
 
 Phisick. 
 Eobert Pescodd, Esq. 
 Henry Kelsey, Esq. 
 Oliver St. John, Esq. 
 Ellis Mews, Esq. 
 Eoger Jones, Esq. 
 
 Eichard Cobb, Esq. 
 Thomas Cobb, Esq. 
 Henry Dawley, Esq. 
 Maximilian Burt, Esq. 
 Edward Hooker, Gent. 
 John Goddard, Gent. 
 John Bold, Gent. 
 Williu Complin, Gent. 
 Thomas Pistle, Gent. 
 Thomas Coward, Gent. 
 James Earle, Gent. 
 Eobert Finchley, Gent. 
 John Fletcher, Gent. 
 Eobert Steele, Gent. 
 Mr. Peter Pought. 
 Mr. William Waldron. 
 Mr. Eobert Mitchell. 
 Mr. James Barfoote; 
 Mr. Thomas Cropp. 
 Mr. William Butler. 
 Mr. Phillip Pudsby. 
 Mr. John Purdue. 
 Mr. John Harris. 
 Mr. Peter Fussell. 
 Mr. John Butler. 
 Mr. Thomas Baynes. 
 Mr. Henry Badger. 
 Mr. Eichard Taylor. 
 
THE ABCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 173 
 
 Mr. John Hillier. Mr. Kobert Clarke. 
 
 Mr. Eichard Good. Mr. Eichard Snatt. 
 
 Mr. John Hayley. Mr. Hugh Feldowne. 
 
 Mr. Thomas Green. Willm. Moulton. 
 
 Mr. Eobert Beale. Mr. Andrew Stone. 
 
 Mr. Henry Sharpe. Thomas Vincent. 
 Mr. WiUm. "Webb. 
 
 And in 1689 the following additional names ap- 
 pear: — 
 
 Charles Lenox Ffit^ Eoy, Duke of Eiehmond, Earle of 
 
 March. 
 Charles Beauclaire, Duke of St. Albans and Earle of 
 
 Burford. 
 His Grace Charles Duke of Bolton. 
 The Eight Honble. John Earle of Bridgewater. 
 The Eight Hon"' James Earle of Anglesey. 
 The Eight Hon*'' Wriothesley Baptist Earle of Gaines- 
 
 borough. 
 The Eight Hon"' Will" Lord Powlett. 
 The Honble. Francis Powlett, Esq. 
 
 S' Christopher Wrenn, Knt. 
 S'' Eoger Le Estraning, Kn*. 
 
 WUlm. Harrison, D' of Divinitie, and Master of St. Crosses. 
 
174 TRANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 Penalty on a brewer for refusing to brew malt at a 
 time of great dearth and scarcity. 
 
 Tempore Edmundi Foster, Maior. 
 
 At a Comon Assemble holden at the Oitye of Winchester 
 the xxviij daye of Maye, in the fowrthe year of Edwarde the 
 sixt, It was agreid that foreasmuche as Eobert Bagg, beinge one 
 of the chieffe of the cytie this present yere, in time of great 
 derthe and scarsitye had then plentye and abundance of malte 
 redye in his howse to have byn brewed and made in Ale for the 
 relieffe and'eoforte of the kinge's .leige people, and speciaUie the 
 poore inhabitinge the citie aforesaid, and would not brewe the 
 same malte, beynge a comon brewar, and so admytted w'^in the 
 said citye for many yeares before the said dearthe and scarsitye, 
 but hathe lefte bruaying uttelie, not onlye to the ill example of 
 the reast of Victuallers w'n the citye, but also to the extreme 
 famyshement of. the kinge's liege people of the same citye, 
 unless convenient meanes had byn by the foresyghte of the 
 Maior and his brithen w' expedicon bin pvidid i and had for the 
 same; It is therefore enacted at the same assemble, uppo the 
 ripe and mature consideracion of the ungentiU and unnaturall 
 behavor of the said Eobert Bagg in the pmss^ towardes the 
 hole multitude of the same citye, the kinge ma"°' liege and 
 lovinge subjectes, that the said Eobert Bagge shall not from 
 hensforthe be admitted to brewe w*n the citye aforesaid, nother 
 any other to his use : And that everye brewar frome hensforthe 
 lick' so offendynge shall leikwise be discharged from any further 
 
THE AECHITES OF WINCHESTER. 175 
 
 brewinge: And that the said Maior for the tyme beinge per- 
 mittynge and sufferinge any brewar so as aforesaid discharged 
 to brewe to sale, shall forfett for every tyme so admittynge the 
 same xx*: And evri brewar beinge discharged and begin* to 
 brewe agayne, shall forfett for evri tunlocke xl'; and for 
 refusinge to paye the said forfett of xl', to suffer imprysonment 
 at the Maior's will and pleasure. 
 
 Mr. David Wavell re-admitted to the Bench, he 
 giving a treat to the Corporation of five pounds. 
 
 21" September, 1691. 
 
 Item, It is agreed yt Mr. David Wavell, Sonne of Thomas 
 Wavell, Gent., one of the Aldermen of this citie, in consideracon 
 of his Father's service donne for the citie, and ye greate hazard, 
 losses, and abuses he sustained in ye late King James his time, 
 he the said David Wavell shall be discharged and excused from 
 serving the Offices of Low Bailiffe, High Bailiffe, High Con- 
 stable, and Chamberleine, and accordingly is hereby discharged 
 from the said Offices, and shall be forthwithe re-admitted to the 
 Bench, he giving a treat of Five Pounds to the Corporation. 
 
176 TRANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 Private coining of brass half-pence and farthings 
 prohibited. 
 
 7'" Sept', 1669. 
 
 Whereas div'se psons have of late in sev'all places taken 
 upon them to coyne or cause to he coyned great numbers of 
 Brasse halfe-pence and Farthings, and to vent them to the 
 King's Subiects, whereby this citty as well as other places doth 
 exceedingly abound with the sayde halfe-pence and Farthings, 
 w""" doth already, and yf not tymely p'vented will dayly more 
 and more bringe greate Damage to the Inhabitants of this citty, 
 for by reason of the death of some of those persons w"*" sett 
 forth those halfe-pence and farthings, and that others of them 
 doe remove tlieyr dwellings or abscond themselves, many of 
 those halfe-pence and farthings will not passe from man to man, 
 soe that those persons in whose hands the sayde halfe-pence and 
 farthings doe remaine must needs suffer damage thereby ; And 
 alsoe many of those halfe-pence and farthings are brought from 
 places farr remote from this place, and w"" whom this citty hath 
 noe comeree or Trade ; by reason of all w"'' the Inhabitants of 
 this citty are putt to great Trouble in takeing moneys for theyr 
 wares, and doe dayly receive damage thereby. Now that these 
 groweing inconveniences may be redressed in tyme, and that 
 such small changeing money may be provided, that noe man for 
 the future may lose in receiveing the same. It is att this 
 Assembly agreed upon and accordingly ordained. That a con- 
 venient nomber of Brasse halfe-pence and farthings shall be 
 provided by the citty out of the comon Stocke thereof, w**" such 
 
THE ARCHIVES OP WINCHESTER. 177 
 
 a Stampe upon them as they may be publiquely known to be the 
 halfe-pence and farthings belonging to this citty ; and that these 
 halfe-pence and farthings thus allowed and provided (and noe 
 others) shall currently passe from man to man in this cittye. 
 And that noe man may suffer damage by takinge these halfe- 
 pence and farthings thus sett forth, It is by this Assembly 
 agreed upon, That this eitty shall exchange all such halfe-pence 
 and farthings for current money of England when any pson 
 shall give convenient notice soe to doe. And it' is further 
 agreed upon and ordained, That from and after the first day of 
 November next ensueinge, noe other brasse halfe-pence or 
 Farthings shall currently passe in this citty but such as be 
 sett forth as aforesayd. And it is also agreed upon att this 
 Assembly, That such persons in this citty who are members of 
 the Corporacon shall receive reasonable satisfaction for any 
 losse they shall sustaine by calling in such halfe-pence and 
 farthings aforesayd. And it is also agreed upon, that yf any 
 Benefitt arise by setting forth the sayd halfe-pence and far- 
 things. It shall be ymployed for the use and benefitt of the 
 poore. 
 
 And yf any pson or psons w^in this citty shall, after the 
 tyme aforesayd, vent or offer in payment any Brasse halfe-pence 
 or Farthings other than such as shall be stamped w"" the 
 aforesayd stampe of this citty, every pson soe offendinge shall 
 for every such, offence forfeite the Some of Fyve shillings, to 
 the use of the Chamber of this citty, to be levyed by distresse 
 and sale of the goods of the offender. 
 
178 TRANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 Any person other than the authorised Serjeants 
 to serve Processes to prevent debtors evading their 
 creditors. 
 
 IS* March, 1569. 
 
 Forasmoche as dyvers evill disposed psons myndinge to live 
 upon other men's travayle, have gotten into their hands, by the 
 way of hyinge and contractinge, other men's goodes, and not 
 paying redy money for the same, after which tyme entendinge 
 to defraude their sayed creditors, have kept their houses and 
 other secreate places, so that the Seargeants of this citie cannot 
 serve proces duUe against them; And also it is thought that 
 some of the Sergeants, beinge corrupted by such Debters, have 
 not done their diUgence in servinge of Proces against such 
 persons as aforesayed, by reason wherof many symple and well- 
 meanynge people have byn greatly delayed in recovry of their 
 Debts against suclie persons so kepinge their houses, to their 
 • great hurte and domage and delaye of Justice, and to the great 
 ignominie and slaunder of the cy tie, and discredit of other good 
 citizens myndinge trulie to paye their Debts : For remedy 
 whereof yt is agreed by the Mayor and the whole Comonaltie 
 of the saied citie for the tyme beinge, and the more parte of his 
 bretherne, from tyme to tyme to authorise any person of this 
 citie to arrest any pson, soe that he so authorised have a 
 Precept under the Seale of the office of the mayoraltie of 
 the sayed citie, and that the same arrest shall stande and 
 be in as good force and effect as though any Seargeant 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 179 
 
 slioulde have done it; And that the like fees be payed to 
 the bayUffs as have byn accustomed when the Sergeants have 
 done the like. 
 
 We find, in 1635, an Ordinance relating to roasting- 
 pigs, geese, &c., and which were only allowed to be 
 exhibited provided they were plump, fat, and in good 
 condition. It runs thus : — 
 
 Item, That an Ordinance be drawne that hereafter it may be 
 lawful for aU that bring pigs, goose, capon, or such like viands, 
 to the Market, may bring the same dead, so that they be fat, 
 fair, and handsomely drest ; notwithstanding any Ordinance to 
 the contrary. 
 
 Council-house broken open. 
 
 Memorandum, That the 28"" daye of August, in the Two 
 and thirtieth year of the Eaigne of our Sovereign Lady 
 Elizabeth, the Queen's Maiesty that now is, the Counsel House 
 of the citie was found broken open, and the Settle with two 
 locks (within which Settle was a CoiFer with foure Locks 
 fastened with a Chain, the keys whereof did remaine in the 
 
180 TEANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 custody of the Cofferers, according to the ancient use of the 
 citye, and was also forcibly broken uppe, and the saide Coffer 
 (the Chain being broken) was carried awaye. Within which 
 Coffer were three several Seals of Silver, viz., The Common 
 Seal of the City, the Seale of the Confirmation thereof, and the 
 Scale of the Hospital of Saint John. There was also in the 
 same Coffer, in Coin, to the value of fourscore Pounds, or 
 thereabouts ; and in Plate, being Pawnes, to the value of 
 Thirteen Pounds, or thereabouts ; and also sondrie and divers 
 Bonds and Specialties, as well for the Debt of the Citie as also 
 for divers Stock committed to the disposition of the citie ; and 
 also the particular Books of Accounte of the charge contained 
 in the same Coffer: Whereupon this present 16"" day of 
 October, in the Two and thirtieth yeare aforesaide, an Account 
 is taken of the Plate and particular Debt of the city, and 
 of the Stock aforesaide, collected and made as well by the 
 viewe of certain Books and particular Notes, as also by the 
 confession of divers persons to whom the said Debt and Stock 
 ' have been lent. 
 
 We have heretofore alluded to the annual taxation of 
 artificers for permission to use or exercise their trade 
 or mystery within the city; and hereunder we record 
 one of the latest assessments : — 
 
THE ARCHIVES OP WINCHESTER. 181 
 
 [Civitas Winton.] 
 
 A Eate made and agreed upon by y° Mayor a Alder- 
 men of the said citty upon the several psons hereund' 
 named, for using their Trades with' y° said citty, not 
 being free of y^ Guild of Merchants there, time out 
 of minde and beyond the memory of man had and 
 used within y' same citty, and termed Artificer's 
 mony, for one whole yeare, to Comence from y" Feast 
 of S' Michael tharchangell last past, 1671, yeoven 
 this Twenty-sixth day of January, 1671. 
 
 s. d. 
 
 Of Prosser Speering 6 
 
 Of Eichard Ayling, sen' 1 
 
 Of JohnAyling 1 
 
 Of Eichard AyUng, Jun' ... 1 
 
 Of WiUiam Fletcher 1 
 
 Of Thomas Wihner 1 6 
 
 Of Eichard Smith 6 
 
 Of Harry Goodman 3 4 
 
 Of Eobert Abbott, Joyner . . . 6 
 
 Of John Nuttier 10 
 
 OfJohnMersh 6 
 
 Of WilUam Strong 1 
 
 Of Edward Tipper 1 
 
 Of Thomas Vinn 1 
 
 Of Jo. Hayward, ioyner 1 
 
182 TRANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 S. d. 
 
 Of Mcholais Tayler 2 
 
 Of John Gantlet, iun' , 1 
 
 Of M' Eich. GoUedge 2 6 
 
 Of Willm. Daneaster 10 
 
 Of Nicholas Moyse 6 
 
 Of Willm. Stephens.. 2 
 
 Of John Pope. 1 
 
 Of Thomas Oades 6 
 
 Of Nich. Davis als Jenkin ... 6 
 
 Of Eobert PhiUips, barb' ... 6 
 
 Of Kichard Waldron 1 
 
 OfJohnTipy 2 6 
 
 Of Tho. Chapman 6 
 
 Of Edward. Eichardson ...... 1 
 
 Of John Plenty...... 6 
 
 Of Stephen King.. 6 
 
 Of Eobert Phillips, cutl' 6 
 
 Of John Butler : 6 
 
 OfEdwardKnap : 2 
 
 Of Thomas Bates 1 
 
 Of John Tayler, Butcher ... 6 
 
 Of MichellFitchett.... 2 
 
 Of Nicholas Mersh, iun' 2 6 
 
 Of Nathaniel Godwin 10 
 
 Of Thomas Webb 1 
 
 Of Mr. Lancelott Kirby 1 6 
 
 Of JohnDalby 1 
 
THE ABCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 183 
 
 s. d. 
 
 Of Phillip Tayler 1 
 
 OfJohnEmery 1 6 
 
 Of Eichard Osmond 6 
 
 Of George Tarleton 2 
 
 Of Giles Norcott 1 
 
 Of Peter Barrett 1 
 
 Of George Butler 1 
 
 Of Eich. Speering, Coop' ... 10 
 
 Of James Symes 6 
 
 Of Mr. Shadrack Lyne 2 
 
 Of JohnVinn ,. 1 
 
 Of Eichard Eanste'd 1 
 
 Of Humphry Bowry 1 
 
 Of Mr. Jenkin David 1 
 
 Of Mr. Eichard Sewett 3 4 
 
 Of Edward Grace 3 4 
 
 Of Mr. Thomas Mundey 2 6 
 
 Of WUUam Alored 2 6 
 
 Of Jonathan Gratwick 6 
 
 Of John Allison 6 
 
 Of Michaell Mose 6 
 
 Of Eichard Haym an 6 
 
 Of John Davis 1 
 
 Of Ealfe Browne 1 
 
 Of Thomas Carpenter 6 
 
 Of Hugh Feldowne 1 
 
 Of Thomas Broadway 1 
 
184: TKANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 s. d. 
 
 Of WilUam Titheridige 1 
 
 Of Thomas George 1 
 
 Of Henry Jones, Glover 3 4 
 
 OfEogerLane 2 
 
 Of Nathaniell Skirner 1 
 
 Of Henry Ghost 2 6 
 
 Of John Soane 1 
 
 Of W" Waldron, Butcher ... 1 
 
 Of Eowland WUkes 6 
 
 Of Jerom Addams 6 
 
 Of Nicholas Ashton 6 
 
 Of Thomas Manser 1 
 
 Of Eobert Beale 1 
 
 Of Samuel Masters, painter... 1 
 
 Of Harry Browne 6 
 
 Of Gilmore y° sa,dl' ... 1 6 
 
 Of Thomas DaUey 6 
 
 Of Eichard Coleman 1 
 
 Of Eichard Knight 6 
 
 Of Eobert Abram ., 6 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 185 
 
 lO"" June, xix"" Elizabeth. 
 
 [For Keepinge the Armor of the City.] 
 
 Item, That the saied Gyles Bluiiden shall have the keepinge 
 of the Armor of the Cyty, by Inventory, and shall dresse, 
 skower, buckle, lether, and varnish the same duringe his lyfe ; 
 and that he have yerelie for the same of the chamber, xxv', 
 iiij''. 
 
 An order to repair St. Peter's Tower, where the old 
 town bell was hung. 
 
 IS"" April, 1593. 
 
 It is agreed that Edward Mathew shall forthwithe newe 
 biulde one decayed Arch of S' Peter's Tower, where the Town 
 Bell hangith, and sufficientKe repayre the fine worke decayed of 
 the sayd Tower, and stop all needful chinks and breaks; and 
 shall have paide hime for his laboure and stuff Foure Pounds, to 
 be paid by the Chamberlain; and in the meantime the Town 
 Bell be sounded from Laurence Church. 
 
186 TRANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 An Ordinance concerning waggons coming into the 
 city through the Westgate. 
 
 7* September, 1669. 
 
 Whereas severaU Inhabitants of this Citty whose Houses 
 joind to the High Streete, from the Westgate to the Crosse, on 
 both sides of the sayd High Streete, have been, and are att 
 great cliarges in repairing and making good the paving of the 
 same Streete before their several Doores from time to time ; 
 And whereas also of late tyme several psons coming wh 
 Waggons in at the West Gate aforesayd, wih theyr carriage^ 
 doe usually dragge one of the hinder Wheeles of such Waggon 
 att the same Gate, or before, and soe dragg such theyr Waggons 
 from the sayd Gate, sometymes as farr as the Signe of the 
 Sunne or further, thereby ploughing and tearing upp the 
 Paveinge before the Dores of the Inhabitants there, to theyr 
 great damage and Costs in makinge the same good againe ; for 
 prvention of wh inconvenience and prejudice for the future, It 
 is this day Ordered and ordained att this Assembly wth an 
 unanimous assent, That whosoever after Michaelmas day next, 
 coming in att the sayd Westgate, that shall dragge the Wheels of 
 his or theyre Waggon or Waggons, shall forfeite and pay for 
 every tyme he or they so doe or dothe, three pence, the same to 
 be then forthwith levyed by one of the Sergeants att Mace Of 
 this Citty, by way of Distresse ; and the money so levyed and 
 taken shall from tyme to tyme be accounted for by such. 
 Sergeant and Sergeants unto the Maior of the sayd Cittie for 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTEK. 187 
 
 the tyme beinge, who is hereby desired to cause the same to be 
 entered into the Coffer Booke, and to be kept in the Coffers, and 
 th to remain untyll the tyme there shall be occasion of paving 
 the sayde High Streete from the Westgate aforesayde to the 
 Cross ; and then the Maior for the tyme beinge, in the presence 
 of the most part of the Aldermen, shall take forth the sayde 
 money so collected and raised as aforesaide, and shall distribute 
 the same to the respective Inhabitants of the sayd High Street, 
 from the Westgate aforesayd unto the Cross, according to each 
 Inhabitant's proportion of paving before his Dore ; and this to 
 be observed for the future. And that no pson or psons that 
 way coming in with waggon or waggons may pretend ignorance 
 hereof. It is ordered and ordained also, that a Copy of this 
 Ordinance, fayrely written, shall be placed and affixed upp at 
 the said Westgate. 
 
 We will now conclude our voluminous extracts 
 by a copy of a recommendation made by the two 
 Monarchs, Charles I. and Charles II., to the Corpo- 
 ration of this city, to admit one Ferdinando Bye to 
 the office of Town Clerk, he having been deprived of 
 the same by the nomination and influence of John 
 Lisle, one of the Judges of Charles I., and Recorder 
 of the said city. 
 
188 TRANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 [The City of Winchester in the County of Southampton.] 
 
 Att a comon Assemblye holden for the sayd city in the 
 Guildhall of the same city, on Tuesday, the fyve and twentieth 
 day of September, in the twelvth yeare of the Eaigne of our 
 most gracious Soveraigne Lord Charles the second, by the Grace 
 of God of England, Scotland, France, and Ireland Kinge, 
 defender of the Fayth, Anno Dm. 1666; Edmonde Fyfleld, 
 Esq", then being Mayor. 
 
 Att wch Assembly it was publiquely and openly discussed 
 and declared, that whereas our late Soveraigne Lorde Kinge 
 Charles, of blessed memory, did by his Let" of the thirteenth of 
 September, one thousand six. hundred and forty seaven, directed 
 to the Mayor and Corporacon of this citie, recomend Ferdinando 
 Bye to be Town Clarke of this citie, the tenor of wch letre 
 followth in these words : — 
 
 " Charles Eex. 
 
 " Trusty and well beloved, we greet you well. — Whereas we 
 " understand that your Towne Clarke's place is voyde by the 
 " decease of that officer ; And whereas we understand that 
 '* Ferdinando Bye, of that our city, hath been formerly ymployed 
 " in that Office, and is a person of ability to execute it, by 
 " being one that hath well deserved of us ; we therefore, upon 
 " his humble petioon, are graciously pleased to recomend him to 
 " your present election, to succeed the sayd Town Clarke, 
 " deceased, wherein you will expresse your readiness to comply 
 " wth our desires, and give us good contentment, when wee 
 
THK ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 189 
 
 " shall heare you have donn accordingly. — Given at Hampton 
 « Court, the IS"" day of September, 1647." 
 
 And this Assembly being informed that the sayd Ferdinando 
 Bye, whn one weeke after the date thereof, tendered the same 
 unto the then Mayor and Aldermen of the sayd city, who, upon 
 reeeipte thereof, did (amongst themselves) declare, by their 
 unanimous and ready consent, for the choosing and admitting of 
 the sayd Ferdinando Bye to the said office of Town Clarke, as 
 well in obedience to the sayd letre as also for that the said 
 Ferdinando Bye was known to be a person of abilitie and fitness 
 for the executing thereof, having been brought up as a Clerke in 
 the sayde Office for many years together under Lancelot Thorpe, 
 Gent., late one of the Aldermen of the sayd eitie, deceased, 
 who in his lyfe time had and did undertaken the sayd Office ; 
 And that the sayde Ferdinando Bye was then known to bee a 
 pson of integritie, and bred up towards the Law, and having 
 lyved in creditt for many yeares in the sayd citie ; And that 
 Edward Thorpe, Gent., one of the Sonnes of the sayd Lance- 
 lott, after the death of his sayd Father, enjoyed the sayd Office 
 during his life; after whose decease the s* Ferdinando Bye, 
 having married one of his Sisters, became (as aforesaid) a Suitor 
 for the same place ; all which things were very great motives 
 and inducements to the sayd Mayor and Aldermen for the 
 choosing and admitting the sayd Ferdinando Bye to the sayd 
 Office, and had then been admitted, had not John Lisle, Esquire, 
 beinge then Eecorder of the sayde citie, opposed him, alledging 
 that the sayd Ferdinando Bye had been in service for the late 
 Kinge against the Parliament, and then recommended Stephen 
 
190 TBANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 Welsteede, Gent", to the sayd Office, for that he had served the 
 Parliament as Gierke or Agent to the Committee of Parliament 
 for Sequestrations: And divers of ye sayd Committee then 
 likewise appeared on the behalf of the sayd Stephen Welsteed, 
 and forasmuch as this citye -was then under the powev of ye 
 Parliament, and the Comittee then sitting in the Close, nere 
 Winchester, and the said John Lisle being then one of the 
 Comittee, and a person then in great power, being one of the 
 late Kinge's Judges, and the sayd Mayor and Aldermen, and 
 most parte of all the Citizens and inhabitants of the city, having 
 engaged themselves for the late Kinge against the then Parlia- 
 ment, in Policie to secure themselves and the sayd city from 
 ruine and distruction, Did agree that the sayd Stephen Wel- 
 steede should undertake the sayd Office untyll an opportunity 
 might offer its self for the setling of the sayd Ferdinando Bye 
 in the same, and have ever since forborne to grante a patent to 
 the sayd Stephen Welsteede : And whereas the sayd Ferdinando 
 Bye hath again tendered to this assembly the present King's 
 Ltrs of recomendacon to the sayd Office, directed to the sayd 
 Mayor and Corporacon, the Tenor whereof foUoweth in these 
 words : — 
 
 " Charles E. 
 
 " Trusty and well beloved, we greete you well. — ^Whereas 
 " wee are given to understand that our late Eoyal Father, of 
 " blessed memory, did by his ltrs of the 13"' day of September, 
 " 1647, recomend Ferdinando Bye .to be Towne Clarke of our 
 " citty of Winchester, in the place of that Officer then deceased. 
 
THE ARCHIVES OF WINCHESTER. 191 
 
 " but that instead of reeping the benefitt of our sayd recomend- 
 " aeon, the sayd Ferdinando Bye received a pruidite, beinge 
 " sequesteerd for procuring the same in consideracon of the 
 ?' premises. And for the good testimony we have received of 
 " the sayd Ferdinando Bye, his Loyalty, and ability to execute 
 " the sayd Office, wee are graciously pleased to add this our 
 " recomendation in his behalf, that he may be forthw* admitted 
 " Towne Gierke of our sayd citie, and enjoy that Office whereof 
 " hee hath been soe many yeares deprived, wt'' all the privi- 
 " ledges, benefitts, and comodities thereunto belonginge ; wherein 
 " you will express your readiness to comply with our desires, 
 " and give us good contentment, when wee shall heare you have 
 " donne accordingly. — Given att oiu- Court att Whitehall, the 
 " 17"" day of September, 1660, in the twelveth yeare of our 
 " Raigne." 
 
 Which sayd letters beinge read, and the sayd Stephen Wel- 
 steede being present, and required by the Assembly to declare 
 what he could on the behalf of himself for the contynuinge of 
 the sayd Office, did alledge that he was elected and sworn att an 
 Assembly holden for this city, the seventeenth day of September, 
 in the yeare of our Lord 1649. Whereupon this Assembly, 
 being informed that that admission was obtained by the power 
 of the sayd John Lisle and others of the sayd Committee as 
 aforesayde. Wherefore this assembly, as well in obedience to the 
 sayde two Kings' Letters as also considering the ability and 
 fitness of the s^ Ferdinando Bye as aforesayd, and the unfitness 
 of the sayde Stephen Welsteede, as appeares by a late order for 
 his suspension, remayninge upon Record in the day booke of the 
 
192 TRANSCRIPTS FROM 
 
 Council howse, the Patent of the sayde Office of Town Clerk 
 shall be delivered to the said Ferdinando Bye, — who was at the 
 next meeting admitted free of the Guild of Merchants, and' 
 sworn in as one of the 24 of the city. 
 
 We must now express a hope that our readers have 
 not been disappointed by the perusal of these docu- 
 ments, but have participated in the gratification we have 
 experienced in transcribing and collating them. 
 
INDEX 
 
 Aldermen, slandering of 
 
 „ . misconduct of . 
 
 ,, to survey warders 
 
 „ to act as surveyors of their district 
 
 Amusements . . . 
 
 Axme, Queen, visit of . . 
 
 „ address to . 
 
 Armour of the city .... 
 Arms of noblemen displayed on the city gates 
 Artificers, list of. . . 
 
 Bailiffs, dress of . . . . 
 
 Ballot, the . . . 
 
 Bellman, appointment of . ■ . 
 Brewer, penalty on . 
 Bull-baiting .... 
 
 „ ring adjoining the mayor's house 
 
 „ dogs to be muzzled . 
 
 „ butchers to find 
 
 Castle, surrender of, to Oliver Cromwell . . 
 
 „ demolition of, and conveyance of site to Charles II 
 Charles II., visits of .... 
 
 ,, orders to be observed during his visit 
 
 FAQE 
 
 49 
 
 51 
 
 119 
 
 106 
 
 74 
 
 163 
 
 166 
 
 185 
 
 9 
 
 181 
 
 46 
 31 
 
 123 
 174 
 
 75 
 75 
 75 
 76 
 
 147 
 167 
 153 
 126 
 
194 INDEX. 
 
 Charles II., address to . . ■ 
 
 „ answer of . 
 
 „ second address to 
 
 a freeman of tlie corporation 
 Charlotte, Queen, visit of . . ■ 
 
 „ address to 
 
 Charter of incorporation .... 
 infringement of . 
 
 surrender of . . . . 
 
 punishment for gainsaying . 
 renewal of . ■ . 
 
 restoration of its privileges . 
 Christening of Prince Arthur, son of Henry VII. 
 Citizens to wear gowns 
 
 „ to attend the mayor 
 „ censure on . 
 Coining of brass farthings 
 Corporation, members of, in 1679 
 Council-house broken open 
 Cradle, royal .... 
 
 Crier, proclamation by . . ' . 
 
 Cromwell's letter to the mayor 
 
 to Sir T. Fairfax 
 
 Debtors, service of process on 
 
 Elizabeth, Queen, preparations to receive 
 
 Fire, danger from .... 
 
 „ Engines . . . 
 
 Foreigners not to sell in the town 
 
INDEX. 195 
 
 Franchisemen, dress of . 
 Fraternities, incorporation of 
 
 „ rules, regulations, &c., of 
 
 Freeman, Charles II. enrolled as 
 
 „ Duke of York enrolled as 
 
 Prince George of Denmark enrolled as 
 
 ,, Arthur Duke of Wellington enrolled as 
 Freemen ..... 
 
 ,, dress of . 
 
 ,, distraining .... 
 
 ,, to meet at High Cross . 
 
 (3-eorge III., address to . . . 
 
 Gifts, new year's, and other 
 
 „ to Queen Anne . 
 
 „ to Queen Elizabeth 
 Goldsmith, penalty on, for using trade 
 Guilds, incorporation of . 
 
 Hedges in High Street 
 
 Horse-racing . . , . 
 
 House ordered to be burnt 
 
 „ St. John's . . . . 
 
 Itchen river, petition to render it navigable . 
 
 ,, ,, reciting the completion of . 
 
 James II., visit of . 
 
 Lighting during the visit of Charles II. . 
 Lottery, the . . . ■ 
 
196 INDEX. 
 
 Marriage of Philip and Mary- 
 Mayor, imprisonment of, by Captain Gierke . 
 
 apology for imprisonment of 
 
 election of, to be by ballot 
 
 dispute with London as to precedency of 
 
 to wear a scarlet gown or cloak 
 
 misconduct of . 
 
 slandering the 
 
 blaspheming the . 
 
 to repair the city walls 
 
 to see the bread weighed 
 
 to see proper ale brewed 
 
 to admit parties to sell beer 
 
 not to carry on an inn 
 
 not to sell fish . . 
 
 not to ride without a servant . 
 
 power of, abridged 
 
 election of . 
 Mayor's letter to CromweU 
 
 ,, wife to wear a scarlet gown . 
 Mud walls . 
 
 Murage . . . . 
 
 Mysteries, incorporation of . . 
 
 Northgate taken down 
 
 Nurses provided during the plague 
 
 Orders to prevent infection 
 
 „ for cleanliness . . , , 
 
 Pannage ..... 
 
INDEX. 197 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Pa-ring during the visit of Charles II. . . 126 
 
 „ bounds and manner of . . . . 128 
 
 Pig-styes . . , . .102 
 
 Pigs, geese, &c., how to be sent to market . . . 179 
 
 Plague, the . . . . .91 
 
 „ petition to Sir Thomas Fleming concerning the . 91 
 
 „ account of . . . .93 
 
 ,, wholesome victuals during the . . . 96 
 
 „ king's river to be kept pure on account of the . 97 
 
 ,, stopping the brook in time of the . . . 98 
 
 „ supply of water during the . . .99 
 
 ,, mayor elected at his own residence on account of the 99 
 
 ,, mayor's supper discontinued because of the . .100 
 
 ,, cleansing streets during the . . . 100 
 
 „ wholesome supply of salt fish in time of the . . 102 
 
 „ objection to pig-styes during the . . .102 
 
 „ orders to avoid infection in time of the .104 
 
 „ aldermen to act as surveyors during the . .106 
 
 „ dogs supposed to convey the . . . . 106 
 
 ,, nurses provided during the ... . 107 
 
 „ scavenger appointed in time of the . . . 107 
 
 „ warders appointed during the . . .109 
 
 „ house ordered to be burnt to stay progress of the 110 
 
 „ raging at St. John's House . . . . 110 
 
 ,, censure on citizens at the time of the . . Ill 
 
 ,, orders for cleansing during the . . .113 
 
 ,, abolishing feasting on account of the . .114 
 
 „ bull-baiting discontinued during the . . . 116 
 
 ,, non-admission of strangers in time of the . 116 
 
 ,, aldermen to survey warders during the . . 117 
 
 „ orders to be observed by warders during the 110 
 
198 INDEX. 
 
 Poundage ...... 
 
 Processions on holy days .... 
 
 Race plate ...... 
 
 Racing . . . 
 
 Recorder, misconduct of . 
 Revealing secrets of council-house 
 
 Sabbath, observance of ... • 
 
 procession on . 
 
 freemen to meet at High Cross on . 
 
 shops to be closed on . 
 
 attending the mayor to church on . 
 
 to attend sermons on . 
 
 idle children not to play in the churchyard on 
 
 almspeople to resort to church on . 
 
 sale of provisions on . 
 Scavenger appointed . . . . 
 
 Southgate taken down .... 
 St. Peter's tower ordered to be repaired 
 
 Town clerk, appointment of . . . 
 
 Trade, charge for exercising ... 
 
 Treat to the corporation .... 
 
 Visits, royal ...... 
 
 Westgate, waggons entering at . . . 
 
 Winchester, loyalty of . 
 
 ,, surrender of , . 
 
 ,, depressed condition of 
 
 ,, delivery of the city plate to maintain the army 89 
 
winohesteb; 
 
 PBINTED BY HHGH BARCLAY, 
 
 HIGH STREET. 
 
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