BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME PROM THE SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND THE GIFT OF Benrg W. Sage X891 AiMn ^ 4^ Cornell University Library PR 5052.A16 Poetical works, including Lalla Rookh, Th 3 1924 013 526 946 .„.,o..2 =< x^ Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924013526946 MOORE'S POETICAL WORKS. V --^1 THOMAS MOORE. BORN MAY 2STH, I779 i DIED FEBRUARY 26TH, 1S52 THE POETICAL WORKS OF THOMAS MOORE INCLUDING LALLA ROOKH, THE IRISH MELODIES, NATIONAL AIRS, SACRED SONGS, THE LOVES OF THE ANGELS, THE SUMMER FETE, BALLADS, SONGS, POEMS, etc. WITH COPIOUS NOTES, CRITICAL REMARKS, AND ANNOTATIONS, INCLUDING THE COMMENTS OF EARL RUSSELL, LORD JEFFREY, AND VARIOUS OTHERS a Biograpbical HDemoir of tbe Hutbor. WARD, LOCK, BOWDEN AND CO. LONDON: WARWICK HOUSE, SALISBURY SQUARE, E.G. NEW YORK: EAST 12TH STREET. MELBOURNE: 3 AND 5, ST. JAMES'S STREET. MOORE'S POETICAL WORKS. MEMOIR OF THOMAS MOORE. 'HPHOMAS MOORE, whose name will ever be associated with the poetry and music -■- of his country, was born on the 28th of May, 1779, at No. 12, Aungier Street, Dublin, where his father kept a small wine store. At a very early age he was sent to a school kept by a man named Malone, who seemed to possess, from Moore's own account of him, but little aptitude for teaching. When he was old enough it was determined that he should go to the best school in Dublin — the Grammar School of Samuel Whyte, who had been the early instructor of the celebrated Brinsley Sheridan There is little doubt but that Moore's genius first became developed under the fostering care of this master, who had warmly been devoted to the drama and those connected with it, throughout his life. Indeed, it was part of his occupation to prepare persons who intended the stage as their professionr Moore relates that when he first began to attend the school, Mr. Whyte encouraged a taste for acting among his pupils. When only about eleven years old, young Moore took part in some of the school-plays, and as he remarks, a taste for acting soon educed his talents for music and poetry. His father had chosen for him the profession of the law. In 1793, the disabilities of the Catholics, to whom Moore belonged were removed, and in 1794 he entered the University of Dublin. In the same year his attempts at versification were first published in the form of a translation of one of the Odes of Anacreon. In 1798 or 1799, he took his degree of B.A. Early in 1799 he left the University, while yet in his nineteenth year, and went to London, as he states, " with the two, not very congenial objects, of keeping my terms at the Middle Temple, and publishing by subscription, my translation of Anacreon." In 1803, Moore had the nominal treasureship of Bermuda conferred on him, but the duties of the office he confided to a deputy, and Moore on his return home passed through the United States, and to this circumstance we are indebted for the well-known " Canadian Boat Song." The publication of the volume of "Odes and Epistles" took place after his arrival in England, in 1806. This visit to Bermuda gave him the materials for his " Poems relating to America." In 1807, Moore had commenced his celebrated " Irish Melodies," a work on which at least his public and permanent fame largely depends. The last of the Series were published 1834. To criticise them would be superfluous. They bear a strong evidence of Moore's love for his country, and at the same time express in the most beautiful language some of the most cherished sentiments of the heart. He had now become well-known in the higher classes of society, and the brilliancy of his wit, the geniality of his character, and the conviviality of his disposition, made him a coveted guest even at the table of royalty. In 181 1, he published an opera called " M.P. , or, the Blue Stocking," but this was one of the very few of Moore's 7 MEMOIR OF THOMAS MOORE. productions that resulted in failure. But it was fortunate that the disappointment occurred, as it confirmed his determination to pursue poetry alone. He married Miss Bessy Dyke in that year, a union which resulted in the greatest happiness, for although Moore was fond of society, his love for home, his wife, and his children, was predomi- nate throughout his life. Shortly after his marriage his "Two-penny Post Bag" appeared, and in 1812 he commenced his great work " Lalla Rookh." It may be interesting to quote from himself, how he obtained the materials for this work. He retired to the picturesque banks of the river Dove in Derbyshire, and went through a thorough course of Oriental reading. He says : — " Having thus laid open the secrets of the workshop to account for the time expended in writing this work, I must also, in justice to my own industry, notice the pains I took in long and laboriously reading for it. To form a storehouse, as it were, of purely Oriental, and so familiarise myself with its various treasures, that, as quick as fancy, in her airy spiritings, required the assistance of fact, the memory was ready, like another Ariel, at her ' strong bidding,' to furnish materials for the spell-work — such was, for a long while, the sole object of my studies ; and whatever time and trouble this preparatory process may have cost me, the effects resulting from it, as far as the humble merit of truthfulness is concerned, have been such as to repay me, more than sufficiently, for my pains." This work made Moore's fame among those who esteem high class and refined poetry, and on the other hand his " Melodies " ensured his popularity among the masses. " Lalla Rookh " appeared in 1817, and for reasons that will be subsequently explained, it preceeds the rest of his works in the present volume. But Moore had to suffer reverses. As already stated, he held an appointment at Bermuda, the duties of which he had confided to another. This deputy proved a defaulter, and although many friends came forward to help him, Moore was compelled to leave England. He visited Paris in 1819 with his friend, and subsequently his literary executor, Lord John (afterwards the late Earl) Russell. Subsequently he went to Italy, and visited Lord Byron, and other eminent men. He returned to Paris, and there produced his " Loves of the Angels," &c. The incidents of his exile from England gave rise to the " Rhymes on the Road." At length his pecuniary difficulties in England were arranged and he returned home. His memoirs of Captain Rock, a Life of Sheridan in 1825, "The Epicurean" in 1827, and a Life of Byron in 1830, were sub- sequently published, and numerous other works appeared, of which a complete edition was published in .1841-42, followed by another one in 1852-53. Translations of these have been made in continental languages. During the later years of his life Moore remained in comparative seclusion. Family bereavements laid heavy on him, and eventually his intellect became clouded. He died on the 25th of February, 1852, at his residence, Sloperton Cottage, near Devizes, amid the regrets, not only of the brilliant intellectual circles of society that he had enchanted but also in the lasting remembrance of all lovers of refined poetry and National Song. LALLA ROOKH. This poem, the chef-d'ceurve of Moore, has been justly characterised as one of the finest lyrics that has ever been composed. It abounds with the richest representation of Oriental romance. The celebrated Lord Jeffrey remarks that in it : — " The land of the Sun has never shone out so brightly on the children of the North — nor the Sweets of Asia been poured forth, nor her gorgeousness displayed so profusely to the delighted sense of Europe." The late Earl Russell, in more measured tones, but with equal enthusiasm, criticised this poem, and other eminent judges agree in pronouncing it as all but unsurpassed by either ancient or modern lyrical writers. For these reasons Lalla Rookh has been placed first of all of Moore's poetical productions in the present volume. But others of his poems, &c., wul be given, as nearly, as possible, in their chronological order of publication. Lalla Rookh was first published in 1817, with the following introductory remarks in prose by Moore : — In the eleventh year of the reign of Aurungzebe, Abdalla, King of the Lesser Bucharia, a lineal descendant from the Great Zingis, having abdicated the throne in favour of his son, set out on a pilgrimage to the Shrine of the Prophet ; and, passing into India through the delightful valley of Cashmere, rested for a short time at Delhi on his way. He was entertained by Aurungzebe in a style of magnificent hospitality, worthy alike of the visitor and the host, and was afterwards escorted with the same splendour to Surat, where he embarked for Arabia.^ During the stay of the Royal Pilgrim at Delhi, a marriage was agreed upon between the Prince, his son, and the youngest daughter of the Emperor, Lalla Rookh f — a princess described by the poets of her time, as more beautiful than Leila,^ Shirine,* Dewilde,^ or any of those heroines whose names and loves embellish the songs of Persia and Hindostan. It was intended that the nuptials should be celebrated at Cashmere ; where the young King, as soon as the cares of empire would permit, was to meet, for the first time, his lovely bride, and, after a few months' repose in that enchanting valley, conduct her over the snowy hills into Bucharia. The day of Lalla Rookh's departure from Delhi was as splendid as sunshine and pageantry could make it. The bazaars and baths were all covered with the richest tapestry ; hundreds of gilded barges upon the Jumna floated with their banners shining in the water ; while through the streets troops of beautiful children went strewing the most delicious flowers around, as in that Persian festival called the Scattering of the ^ These particulars of the visit of the King of Bucharia •^o Aurungzebe are found in Dow's History of Hindostan, vol. iii. p. 392. 2 Tulip-cheek. * The mistress of Mejnoun, upon whose story so many Romances, in all the languages of the East are founded. * For the loves of this celebrated beauty with Khosrou and with Ferhad. See UHerbelot, Gibbon, Oriental Collections, &c. ^ "The history of the loves of Dewilde and Chizer, the son of the Emperor Alia, is written in an elegant poem by the noble Chusero." — Ferishta. MOORE S POETICAL WORKS. Roses ;^ till every part of the city was as fragrant as if a caravan of musk from Khoten had passed through it. The Princess, having taken leave of her kind father, who at parting hung a cornelian of Yemen round her neck, on which was inscribed a verse from the Koran, and having sent a considerable present to the Fakirs, who kept up the Perpetual Lamp in her sister's tomb, meekly ascended the palankeen prepared for her ; and, while Aurungzebe stood to take a last look from his balcony, the procession moved slowly on the road to Lahore. Seldom had the Eastern world seen a calvacade so superb. From the gardens in the suburbs to the imperial palace, it was one unbroken line of splendour. The gallant appearance of the Rajahs and Mogul lords, distinguished by those insignia of the Emperor's favour,^ the feathers of the egret of Cashmere in their turbans, and the small silver-rimm'd kettle-drums at the bows of their saddles ; — the costly armour of their cavaliers, who vied, on this occasion, with the guards of the great Kedar Khan,^ in the brightness of their silver battle-axes and the massiness of their maces of gold ; — the glittering of the gilt pine-apples* on the tops of the palankeens ; — the embroidered trappings of the elephants, bearing on their backs small turrets, in the shape of little antique temples, within which the Ladies of La.lla Rookh lay, as it were, enshrined*; — the rose-coloured veils of the Princess's own sumptuous litter,^ at the front of which a fair young female slave sat fanning her through the curtains, with feathers of the Argus pheasant's wing ; and the lovely troop of Tartarian and Cashmerian maids of honour, whom the young King had sent to accompany his bride, and who rode on each side of the litter, upon small Arabian horses ; — all was brilliant, tasteful, and magnificent, and pleased even the critical and fastidious Fadladeen, Great Nazir or Chamberlain of the Haram, who was borne in his palankeen, immediately after the Princess, and considered himself not the least important personage of the pageant. Fadladeen was a judge of everything, — from the pencilling of a Circassian's eyelids to the deepest questions of science and literature ; from the mixture of a conserve of rose-leaves to the composition of an epic poem : and such influence had his opinion upon the various tastes of the day, that all the cooks and poets of Delhi stood in awe of him. ^Gul Reazee. 2 " One mark of honour or knighthood bestowed by the Emperor is the permission to wear a small kettle-drum at the bows of their saddles, which at first was invented for the training of hawks, and to call them to the lure, and is worn in the field by all sportsmen to that end." — Fryer's Travels. " Those on whom the King has conferred the privilege must wear an ornament of jewels on the right side of the preside at public exercises of genius, with four basins of gold and silver by him to distribute among the poets who excelled." — Richardson's Dissertation prefixed to his Dic- tionary. * " The kubdeh, a large golden knob, generally in the shape of a pine-apple, on the top of the canopy over the litter or palanquin." — Scott's Notes on the Bahar- danush. 5 In the poem of Zohair, in the Moallakat, there is the turban, surmounted by a high plume of the feathers of a following lively description of "a company of maidens kind of egret. This bird is found only in Cashmere, and seated on camels." the feathers are carefully collected for the King, who bestows them on his nobles." — Elphinstone's Account of Caubul. 3 " Khedar Khan, the Khakan, or King, of Turquestan, beyond the Gihon (at the end of the eleventh century), whenever he appeared abroad was preceded by seven hundred horsemen with silver battle-axes, and was fol- lowed by an equal number bearing maces of gold. He was a great patroh of poetry, and it was he who used to " They are mounted in carriages covered with costly awnings and with rose-coloured veils, the linings of which have the hue of crimson Andem-wood. " When they ascend from the bosom of the vale, they bit forward on the saddle-cloth with every mark of a voluptuous gaiety. " Now, when they have reached the brink of yon blue- gushing rivulet, they fix the poles of their tents like the Arab with a settled mansion." LALLA ROOKH. His political conduct and opinions were founded upon that line of Sadi, — " Should the Prince at noon-day say, It is night, declare that you behold the moon and stars." — And his zeal for religion, of which Aurungzebe was a munificent protector,^ was about as disinterested as that of the goldsmith who fell in love with the diamond eyes of the idol of Jaghernaut.^ During the first days of their journey, Lalla Rookh, who had passed all her life within the shadow of the Royal Gardens at Delhi, found enough in the beauty of the scenery through which they passed to interest her mind and delight her imagination ; and when at evening, or in the heat of the day, the}'- turned off from the high road to those retired and romantic places which had been selected for her encampments, — sometimes on the banks of a small rivulet, as clear as the waters of the Lake of Pearl f sometimes under the sacred shade of a Banyan tree, from which the view opened upon a glade covered with antelopes ; and often in those hidden, embowered spots, described by one from the Isles of the West,* as " places of melancholy, delight, and safety, where all the company around was wild peacocks, and turtle-doves ; " — she felt a charm in these scenes, so lovely and so new to her, which for a time made her indifferent to every other amusement. But Lalla Rookh was young, and the young love variety ; nor could the conversation of her Ladies and the Great Chamberlain, Fadladeen (the only persons, of course, admitted to her pavilion), sufficiently enliven those many vacant hours, which were devoted neither to the pillow nor the palankeen. There was a little Persian slave who sung sweetly to the Vina, and who now and then lulled the Princess to sleep with the ancient ditties of her country, about the loves of Wamak and Ezra,^ the fair-haired Zal and his mistress Rodahver,^ not forgetting the combat of Rustam with the terrible White Demon.^ At other times she was amused by those graceful dancing girls of Delhi, who had been permitted by the Brahmins of the Great Pagoda to attend her, much to the horror of the good Mussulman Fadladeen, who could see nothing graceful ^ This hypocritical emperor would have made a worthy associate of certain Holy Leagues. — " He held the cloak of religion (says Dow) between his actions and the vulgar ; and impiously thanked the Divinity for a success which he owed to his own wickedness. When he was murdering and persecuting his brothers and their families, he was building a magnificent mosque at Delhi, as an offering to God for his assistance to him in the civil wars. He acted as high priest at the consecration of this temple ; and made a practice of attending divine service there, in the humble dress of a Fakeer. But when he lifted one hand to the Divinity, he with the other signed warrants for the assassination of his relations." — History of Hindostan, vol. iii. p. 335. See also the curious letter of Aurungzebe given in the Oriental Collections, vol. i. p. 320. 2 " The idol at Jaghernaut has two fine diamonds for eyes. No goldsmith is suffered to enter the Pagoda ; one having stolen one of these eyes, being locked up all night with the Idol." — Tavernier. ^ " In the neighbourhood is Notte Gill, or the Lake of Pearl, which receives this name from its pellucid water." -—Pennants Hindostan. * Sir Thomas Roe, ambassador from James I. to Jehanguire. ^"The Romance Wamakweazra, written in Persian verse, which contains the loves of Wamak and Ezra, two celebrated lovers who lived before the time of Mahom- met." — Note on the Oriental Tales. ^ Their amour is recounted in the Shah-Namfeh of Ferdousi; and there is much beauty in the passage which describes the slaves of Rodahver sitting on the bank of the river and throwing flowers into the stream in order to draw the attention of the young hero who is encamped on the opposite side. — See Champion's Trans- lation. ' Rustam is the Hercules of the Persians. For the particulars of his victory over the Sepeed Deeve, or White Demon, see Oriental Collections, vol. ii. p. 45. Near the city of Shiraz is an immense quadrangular monument in commemoration of this combat, called the " Kelaat-i-Deev Sepeed," or Castle of the White Giant which Father Angelo, in his Gazophylacium Persicum, p! 127, declares to have been the most memorable monu- ment of antiquity which he had seen in Persia. — See Ouseley's Persian Miscellanies. O MOORE S POETICAL WORKS. or agreeable in idolatfers, and to whom the very tinkling of their golden anklets ^ was an abomination. But these and many other diversions were repeated till they lost all their charm,- and the nights and noon-days were beginning to move heavily, when at length it was recollected that, among the attendants sent by the bridegroom, was a young poet of Cashmere, much celebrated throughout the valley for his manner of reciting the stories of the East, on whom his Royal Master had conferred the privilege of being admitted to the pavilion of the Princess, that he might help to beguile the tediousness of the journey by some of his most agreeable recitals. At the mention of a poet, Fadladeen elevated his critical eyebrows, and having refreshed his faculties with a dose of that delicious opium ^ which is distilled from the black poppy of the Thebais, gave orders for the minstrel to be forthwith introduced into the presence. The Princess, who had once in her life seen a poet from behind the screens of gauze in her Father's hall, and had conceived from that specimen no very favourable ideas of the Caste, expected but little in this new exhibition to interest her; — she felt inclined, however, to alter her opinion on the very first appearance of Feramorz. He was a youth about Lalla Rookh's own age, and graceful as that idol of women, Crishna,^ — such as he appears to their young imaginations, heroic, beautiful, breathing music from his very eyes, and exalting the religion of his worshippers into love. His dress was simple, yet not without some marks of costliness ; and the Ladies of the Princess were not long in discovering that the cloth which encircled his high Tartarian cap, was of the most delicate kind that the shawl-goats of Tibet * supply. Here and there, too, over his vest, which was confined by a flowered girdle of Kashan, hung strings of fine pearl, disposed with an air of studied negligence ; — nor did the exquisite embroidery of his sandals escape the observation of these fair critics ; who, however they might give way to Fadladeen, upon the unimportant topics of religion and government, had the spirit of martyrs in everything relating to such momentous niatters as jewels and embroidery. For the purpose of relieving- the pauses of recitation by music, the young Cashmerian held in his hand a kitar ; — such as, in old times, the Arab maids of the West used to listen to by moonlight in the gardens of the Alhambra — and, having premised, with much humility, that the story he was about to relate was founded on the adventures of that Veiled Prophet of Khorassan ^ who, in the year of the Hegira 163, 1 " The women of the Idol, or dancing girls of the Pagoda, have little golden bells fastened to their feet, the soft, harmonious tinkling of which vibrates in unison with the exquisite melody of their voices." — Maurice's Indian Antiquities. " The Arabian courtesans, like the Indian women, have little golden bells fastened round their legs, neck, and elbows, to the sound of which they dance before the King. The Arabian princesses wear golden rings on their fingers, to which little bells are suspended, as well as in the flowing tresses of their hair, that their superior rank maybe known, and they themselves receive in passing the homage due to them." — Calmefs Dictionary, art. Bells. ^ " Abou-Tige, ville de la Thebaide, oii il croit beauooup do pavot noir,dont se fait le meilleur opium." — D'Herbelot. * The Indian Apollo. — " He and the three Rimas are described as youths of perfect beauty ; and the Princesses of Hindustan were all passionately in love with Crishna, who continues to this hour the darling god of the Indian women." — Sir W.Jones, on the Gods of Greece, Italy, and India. * See Turners' s Embassy for a description of this animal, " the most beautiful among the whole tribe of goats." The material for the shawls (which is carried to Cash- mere) is found next the skin. s For the real history of this Imposter, whose original name was Hakem ben Haschem, and who was called Mocanna, from the veil of silver gauze (or, as others say, golden) which he always wore, see D'Herbelot. LALLA ROOKH. created such alarm throughout the Eastern Empire, made an obeisance to the Princess, and thus began : — THE VEILED PROPHET OF. KHORASSAN.i In that delightful Province of the Sun, The first of Persian lands he shines upon, Where all the loveliest children of his beam, Flow'rets and fruits blush over ev'ry stream,^ And, fairest of all streams, the Murga roves Among Merou's ^ bright palaces and groves ; — There on that throne, to which the blind belief Of millions raised him, sat the Prophet-Chief, The Great Mokanna. O'er his features hung The Veil, the Silver Veil, which he had flung In mercy there, to hide from mortal sight His dazzling brow, till man could bear its light. For far less luminous, his votaries said,* Were ev'n the gleams, miraculously shed O'er Moussa's ^ cheek, when down the Mount he trod, All glowing from the presence of his God 1 On either side, with ready hearts and hands, His chosen guard of bold Believers stands ; Young fire-ey'd disputants, who deem their swords, On points of faith, more eloquent than words ; And such their zeal, there's not a youth with brand Uplifted there, but, at the Chiefs command. Would make his own devoted heart its sheath, And bless the lips that doom'd so dear a death ! In hatred to the Caliph's hue of night,^ Their vesture, helms and all, is snowy white ; Their weapons various — some, equipp'd for speed. With javelins of the light Kathaian reed ;' Or bows of buffalo horn, and shining quivers Fill'd with the stems ^ that bloom on Iran's rivers f While some, for war's more terrible attacks. Wield the huge mace, and ponderous battle-axe ; And, as they wave aloft in morning's beam The milk-white plumage of their helms, they seem ■* Khorassan signifies, in the old Persian language, Province, or Region of the sun. — Sir W. Jones. 2 ',' The fruits of Meru are finer than those of any other place ; and one cannot see in any other city such palaces, with groves, and streams, and gardens." — Ebn Haukal's Geography. 8 One of the royal cities at Khorassan. * " Ses disciples assuroient qu'il se couvroit le visage, pour ne pas fiblouir ceux qui I'approchoient par I'eclat de son visage comme Moyse." — D' Herbelot. ^ Moses. See Exodus C. xxxiv. v. 30. « Black was the colour adopted by the Caliphs of the House of Abbas, in their garments, turbans, and standards. — " II faut remar- quer ici touchant les habits blancs des disciples de Hakem, que la couleur des habits, des coiffeures, et des gtendards des Khalifes Abassides etant la noire, ce chef de rebelles ne pouvoit pas choisir une qui lui filt plus oppos6e." — D' Herbelot. ^ " Our dark javelins, exquisitely wrought of Khathaian reeds, slender and delicate."— Pi^ewj of Amru. Like a chenar-tree grove ^" when winter throws O'er all its tufted heads his feathering snows. Between the porphyry pillars, that uphold The rich moresque-work of the roof of gold, Aloft the Haram's curtain'd galleries rise, Where through the silken network, glancing eyes, From time to time, like sudden gleams that glow Through autumn clouds, shine o'er the pomp below. — What impious tongue, ye blushing saints, would dare To hint that aught but Heaven hath placed you there ? Or that the loves of this light world could bind. In their gross chain, your Prophet's soaring mind ? No — ^wrongful thought ! — commission'd from above To people Eden's bowers with shapes of love, (Creatures so bright, that the same lips and eyes They wear on earth will serve in Paradise), There to recline among Heaven's native maids. And crown th' Elect with bliss that never fades — Well hath the Prophet-Chief his bidding done ; And ev'ry beauteous race beneath the sun. From those who kneel at Brahma's burning founts." To the fresh nymphs bounding o'er Yemen's mounts ; From Persia's eyes of full and fawn-like ray. To the small, half-shut glances of Kathay •}''■ And Georgia's bloom, and Azab's darker smiles, And the gold ringlets of the Western Isles ; All, all are there ; — each land its flower hath given, To form that fair young Nursery for Heaven I But why this pageant now ? this arm'd array ? What triumph crowds the rich Divan to-day With turban'd heads, of every hue and race. Bowing before that veil'd and awful face, Like tulip-beds ^^ of different shapes and dyes. 8 Pichula, used anciently for arrows by the Persians. " The Persians call this plant Gaz. The celebrated shaft of Isfen- diar, one of their ancient heroes was made of it. — " Nothing can be more beautiful than the appearance of this plant in flower during the rains on the banks of the rivers, where it is usually interwoven with a lovely twining asclepias." — Sir W. Jones, Botanical Ob- servations on Indian Plants. ^® The oriental plane. "The chenar is a delightful tree ; its bole is of a fine white and smooth bark ; and its foliage, which grows in a tuft at the summit, is of a bright green." — Morier's Travels. 1^ The burning fountains of Brahma, near Chittogong, esteemed as holy. — Turner. 12 China. 1* " The name of tulip is said to be of Turkish extraction, and given to the flower on account of its resembling a turban." — Beckmann's History 0/ Inventions. 8 MOORE S POETICAL WOKKS. Bending beneath th' invisible west-wind's sighs ! What new-made mystery now, for Faith to sign, And blood to seal, as genuine and divine ? What dazzling mimicry of God's own power Hath the bold Prophet plann'd to grace this hour ? Not such the pageant now, though not less proud ; Yon warrior youth, advancing from the crowd. With silver bow, with belt of broider'd crape, And fur-bound bonnet of Bucharian shape,^ So fiercely beautiful in form and eye, Like war's wild planet in a summer sky ; — That youth to-day, — a proselyte, worth hordes Of cooler spirits and less practised swords, — Is come to join, all bravery and belief. The creed and standard of the heaven-sent Chief Though few his years, the west already knows Young Azim's fame ; — beyond th' Olympian snows, Ere manhood darken'd o'er his downy cheek, : O'erwhelm'd in fight, and captive to the Greek,^ He linger'd there, till peace dissolved his chains ; — Oh ! who could, ev'n in bondage, tread the plains Of glorious Greece, nor feel his spirit rise Kindling within him ? who, with heart and eyes, Gould walk where Liberty had been, nor see The shining footprints of her Deity, Nor feel those god-like breathings in the air. Which mutely told her spirit had been there? Not he, that youthful warrior, — no, too well For his soul's quiet work'd th' awakening spell ! And now, returning to his own dear land, Full of those dreams of good that, vainly grand. Haunt the good heart ; — proud views of human-kind, Of men to gods exalted and refined ; — False views, like that horizon's fair deceit, Where earth and heaven but seem, alas, to meet ! — Soon as he heard an Arm Divine was raised To right the nations, and beheld emblazed On the white flag, Mokanna's host unfurl'd. Those words of sunshine, " Freedom to the World," 1 " The inhabitants of Bucharia wear a round cloth bonnet, shaped much after the Polish fashion, having a large fur border. They tie their kaftans about the middle with a girdle of a kind of silk crape, several times round the body." — Account of Indepen- dent Tartary, in Pinkertoii s Collection. ^ In the war of the Caliph Mahadi against the Empress Irene, for an account of which see Gibbon, vol. a. 3 This wonderful throne was called the "Star of the Genii." For a full description of it see Fragment, translated by Capt. Franklin, from a Persian M.S., entitled "The History of Jeru- salem," Oriental Collections, vol. i. p. 235. When Soliman travelled, the eastern writers say, " He had a carpet of green silk on which his throne was placed, being of a prodigious length and breadth, and suflScient for all his forces to stand upon, the men placing themselves on his right hand, and the spirits on his left ; and that when all were in order, the wind, at his command, took up the carpet, and transported it, with all that were upon it, wherever he pleased ; the army of birds at the same time flying over their At once his faith, his sword, his soul obey'd Th' inspiring summons : every chosen blade, That fought beneath that banner's sacred text, Seem'd doubly edged, for this world and the next ; And ne'er did Faith with her smooth bandage bind Eyes more devoutly willing to be blind. In virtue's cause ; — never was soul inspired With livelier trust in what it most desired, Than his, th' enthusiast there, who kneeling, pale With pious awe, before that Silver Veil, Believes the form, to which he bends his knee, Some pure, redeeming angel, sent to free This fetter'd world from every bond and stain, And bring its primal glories back again ! Low as young Azim knelt, that motley crowd Of all earth's nations sunk the knee and bow'd, With shouts of "Alia !" echoing long and loud ; While high in air, above the Prophet's head. Hundreds of banners, to the sunbeam spread, Waved, like the wings of the white birds that fan The flying throne of star-taught Soliman !* Then thus he spoke : — " Stranger though new the frame Thy soul inhabits now, I've track'd its flame For many an age,* in every chance and change. Of that existence, through whose varied range, — As through a torch-race, where, from hand to hand, The flying youths transmit their shining brand ; From frame to frame th' unextinguish'd soul Rapidly passes, till it reach the goal ! " Nor think 'tis only the gross spirits, warm'd With duskier fire and for earth's medium form'd. That run this course ; — Beings, the most divine, Thus deign through dark mortality to shine. Such was the essence that in Adam dwelt, To which all heaven except the Proud One, knelt ?' Such the refined intelligence that glowed In Moussa's ^ frame ; — and, thence descending, flow'd Through many a Prophet's breast •} — in Issa ^ shone, heads, and forming akind of canopy to shade them from the sun." — Salads Koran, vol. ii. p. 214, note. i The transmigration of souls was one of his doctrines. HHerbelot. 5 " And when he said unto the angels, Worship Adam, they all worshipped him except Eblis (Lucifer), who refused." The Koran, chap ii. ^ Moses. ' This is according to D'Herbelot's account of the doctrines of Mokanna : — " Sa doctrine etoit que Dieu avoit pris une forme et figure humaine depuis qu'il eut commands aux Anges d' adorer Adam, le premier des hommes. Qu'apres la mort d'Adam, Dieu etoit apparu sous la figure de plusieurs proph^tes, et autres grands hommes, qu'il avoit choisis. jusqu'a ce qu'il prit celle d'Abu Mos- lem, Prince de Khorassan, lequel profesoit I'erreur de la Tenassu- khiah, ou Metempsychose ; et qu'apres la mort de ce Prince, la Divinite etoit passee, et descendue en sa personne." " Jesus. LALLA ROOKH. And in Mohammed burn'd ; till, hastening on, (As a bright river that, from fall to fall In many a' maze descending, bright through all. Finds some fair region where, each labyrinth past, In one full lake of light it rests at last), That Holy Spirit, settling calm and free From lapse or shadow, centres all in me !" Again, throughout th' assembly, at these words, Thousands of voices rung ; the warriors' swords Were pointed up to heaven ; a sudden wind In th' open banners play'd, and from behind Those Persian hangings, that but ill could screen The Haram's loveliness, white hands were seen Waving embroider'd scarves, whose motion gave A perfume forth ; — like those of the Houris wave. When beckoning to their bowers th' Immortal Brave. " But these," pursued the Chief, " are truths sublime, That claim a holier mood and calmer time Than earth allows us now ; — the sword must first The darkling prison-house of Mankind burst. Ere Peace can visit them, or Truth let in Her wakening daylight on a world of sin. But then, celestial warriors, then, when all Earth's shrines and thrones before our banner fall ; When the glad Slave shall at these feet lay down His broken chain, the tyrant Lord his crown, The Priest his book, the Conqueror his wreath. And from the lips of Truth one mighty breath Shall, like a whirlwind, scatter in its breeze That whole dark pile of human mockeries ; — Then shall the reign of Mind commence on earth, And starting fresh as from a second birth, Man, in the sunshine of the world's new spring. Shall walk transparent, like some holy thing ! Then, too, your Prophet from his angel brow Shall cast the Veil, that hides its splendours now, And gladdeh'd Earth shall, through her wide ex- panse. Bask in the glories of this countenance ! " For thee, young warrior welcome ! — thou hast yet Some tasks to learn, some frailties to forget. Ere the white war-plume o'er thy brow can wave ; — But, once my own, mine all till in the grave !" The pomp is at an end, — the crowds are gone — Each ear and heart still haunted by the tone Of that deep voice which thrill'd like Alla's own ! The Young all dazzled by the plumes and lances. The glittering throne, and Haram's half-caught glances ; The old deep pondering on the promised reign Of peace and truth ; and all the female train Ready to risk their eyes, could they but gaze A moment on that brow's miraculous blaze ! But there was one, among the chosen maids Who blushed behind the gallery's silken shades. One, to whose soul the pageant of to-day Has been like death : — you saw her pale dismay. Ye wondering sisterhood, and heard the burst Of exclamation from her lips, when first She saw that youth, too well, too dearly known. Silently kneeling at the Prophet's throne. Ah, Zelica ! there was a time, when bliss Shone o'er thy heart from every look of his ; When but to see him, hear him, breathe the air In which he dwelt, was thy soul's fondest prayer. When round him hung such a perpetual spell, Whate'er he did, none ever did so well. Too happy days ! when, if he touched a flower Or gem of thine, 'twas sacred from that hour ; When thou didst study him, till every tone And gesture and dear look became thy own, — Thy voice like his, the changes of his face In thine reflected with still lovelier grace. Like echo, sending back sweet music, fraught With twice the aerial sweetness it had brought ! Yet now he comes, — brighter than even he Ere beam'd before, — but ah ! not bright for thee ; No — dread, unlook'd for, like a visitant From th' other world, he comes as if to haunt Thy guilty soul with dreams of lost delight, Long lost to all but memory's aching sight : — Sad dreams ! as when the Spirit of our youth Returns in sleep, sparkling with all the truth And innocence once ours, and leads us back. In mournful mockery, o'er the shining track Of our young life, and points out every ray Of hope and peace we've lost upon the way ! Once happy pair ! — in proud Bokhara's groves. Who had not heard of their first youthful loves ? Born by that ancient flood,^ which from its spring In the Dark Mountains swiftly wandering, Enrich'd by ev'ry pilgrim brook that shines With relics from Bucharia's ruby mines. And, lending to the Caspian half its strength. In the cold Lake of Eagles sinks at length ; — There on the banks of that bright river born. The flowers, that hung above its waves at morn, Bless'd not the waters, as they murmur'd by. With holier scent and lustre, than the sigh ^ The Amoo, which rises in the Belur Tag or Dark Mountains, and running nearly from east to west, splits into two branches, one of which falls into the Caspian Sea, and the other into Aral Nahr, or the Lake of Eagles. C lO MOORE S POETICAL WORKS. And virgin glance of first affection cast Upon their youth's smooth current, as it passed ! But war disturb'd this vision — far away From her fond eyes, summon'd to join th' array Of Persia's warriors on the hills of Thrace, The youth exchanged his sylvan dwelling-place For the rude tent and war-field's deathful clash ; His Zelica's sweet glances for the flash Of Grecian wild-fire, and Love's gentle chains For bleeding bondage on Byzantium's plains. Month after month, in widowhood of soul Drooping, the maiden saw two summers roll Their suns away: — ^but, ah ! how cold and dim Even summer suns, when not beheld with him ! From time to time ill-omen'd rumours came. Like spirit tongues, muttering the sick man's name, Just ere he dies : — at length, those sounds of dread Fell withering on her soul, " Azim is dead !" Oh grief, beyond all other griefs, when fate First leaves the young heart lone and desolate In the wide world, without that only tie For which it lov'd to live or fear'd to die ; — Lorn as the hung-up lute, that ne'er hath spoken Since the sad day its master-chord was broken ! Fond maid, the sorrow of her soul was such, Ev'n reason sunk, blighted beneath its touch ; And though, ere long, her sanguine spirit rose Above the first dead pressure of its woes. Though health and bloom return'd the delicate chain Of thought, once tangled, never clear'd again. Warm, lively, soft as in youth's happiest day. The mind was still all there, but turn'd astray ; — A wandering bark, upon whose pathway shone All stars of heaven, except the guiding one ! Again she smiled, nay, much and brightly smiled. But 'twas a lustre strange, unreal, wild ; And when she sung to her lute's touching strain, 'Twas like the notes, half ecstasy, half pain. The bulbul^ utters, ere her soul depart. When, vanquished by some minstrel's powerful art. She dies upon the lute whose sweetness broke her heart ! Such was the mood in which that mission found Young Zelica, — that mission, which around. The Eastern world, in every region blest With woman's smile, sought out its loveliest. To grace that galaxy of lips and eyes. Which the Veil'd Prophet destined for the skies : — And such quick welcome as a spark receives Dropp'd on a bed of autumn's withered leaves. Did every tale of these enthusiasts find 1 The Nightingale. In the wild maiden's sorrow-blighted mind. All fire at once the maddening zeal she caught ; — Elect of Paradise ! blest, rapturous thought ; Predestined bride, in heaven's eternal dome. Of some brave youth — ha ! durst they say " of some T No — of the one, one only object traced In her heart's core too deep to be effaced ; The one whose memory, fresh as life is twined With every broken link of her lost mind ; Whose image lives, though reason's self be wreck'd, Safe 'mid the ruins of her intellect ! Alas, poor Zelica ! it needed all The fantasy, which held thy mind in thrall, To see in that gay Haram's glowing maids A sainted colony for Eden's shades ; Or dream that he, — of whose unholy flame Thou wert too soon the victim, — shining came From Paradise, to people its pure sphere With souls like thine, which he hath ruin'd here ! No — had not reason's light totally set. And lelt thee dark, thou hast an amulet In the loved image, graven on thy heart, Which would have saved thee from the temp'ter's art, And kept alive, in all its bloom of breath. That purity, whose fading is love's death ! — But lost, inflamed, — a restless zeal took place Of the mild virgin's still and feminine grace ; — ■ First of the Prophet's favourites, proudly first In zeal and charms,— too well th' Impostor nursed Her soul's delirium, in whose active flame. Thus lighting up a young, luxuriant frame. He saw more potent sorceries to bind To his dark yoke the spirits of mankind. More subtle chains than hell itself e'er twined. No art was spared, no witchery ; — all the skill His demons taught him was employed to fill Her mind with gloom and ecstasy by turns — That gloom, through which frenzy but fiercer burns ; That ecstasy, which from the depth of sadness Glares like the maniac's moon, whose light is madness 'Twas from a brilliant banquet where the sound Of poesy and music breathed around. Together picturing to her mind and ear The glories of that heaven, her destined sphere. Where all was pure, where every stain that lay Upon the spirit's light should pass away, And, realizing more than youthful love E'er wish'd or dream'd, she should for ever rove Through fields of fragrance by her Azim's side, His own bless'd, purified, eternal bride ! — 'Twas from a scene, a witching trance like this, He hurried her away, yet breathing bliss. LALLA ROOKH. To the dim charnel-house ;— through all its steams Of damp and death, led only by those gleams Which foul Corruption lights, as with design To shew the gay and proud she too can shine — And, passing on through upright ranks of Dead, Which to the maiden, doubly crazed by dread, Seem'd, through the bluish death-light round them cast, To move their lips in mutterings as she pass'.d — There, in that awful place, when each had quaffd And pledged in silence such a fearful draught. Such — oh ! the look and taste of that red bowl Will haunt her till she dies — he bound her soul By a dark oath, in hell's own language framed. Never, while earth his mystic presence claim'd. While the blue arch of day hung o'er them both. Never, by that all-imprecating oath. In joy or sorrow from his side to sever. — She swore, and the wide charnel echo'd, " Never, never !" From that dread hour, entirely, wildly given To him and — she believed, lost maid ! — to Heaven ; Her brain, her heart, her passions all inflamed. How proud she stood, when in full Haram named The Priestess of the Faith ! — how flash'd her eyes With light, alas, that was not of the skies. When round in trances, only less than hers, She saw the Haram kneel, her prostrate worshippers ! Well might Mokanna think that form alone Had spells enough to make the world his own : — Light, lovely limbs, to which the spirit's play Gave motion, airy as the dancing spray, When from its stem the small bird wings away : Lips in whose rosy labyrinth, when she smiled, The soul was lost ; and blushes, swift and wild. As are the momentary meteors sent Across th' uncalm but beauteous firmament. And then her look ! — oh ! where's the heart so wise, Could unbewilder'd meet those matchless eyes ? Quick, restless, strange, but exquisite withal, Like those of angels, just before their fall ; Now shadow'd with the shames of earth — now cros'< By glimpses of the Heaven her heart had lost ; In every glance there broke, without control. The flashes of a bright but troubled soul, Where sensibility still wildly play'd. Like lightning, round the ruins it had made ! And such was now young Zelica — so changed From her who, some years since, delighted ranged The almond groves that shade Bokhara's tide, All life and bliss, with Azim by her side ! So alter'd was she now, this festal day. When, 'mid the proud Divan's dazzling array, The vision of that youth, whom she had loved, And wept as dead, before her breathed and moved :- When — bright, she thought, as if from Eden's track But half-way trodden, he had wander'd back Again to earth, glistening with Eden's light — Her beauteous Azim shone before her sight, O Reason ! who shall say what spells renew. When least we look for it, thy broken clew ? Through what small vistas o'er the darken'd brain Thy intellectual day-beam bursts again ? And how, like forts, to which beleaguerers win Unhoped-for entrance through some friend within. One clear idea, waken'd in the breast By memory's magic, lets in all the rest ? Would it were thus, unhappy girl, with thee ! But, though light came, it came but partially ; Enough to show the maze, in which thy sense Wander'd about, — but not to guide it thence ; Enough to glimmer o'er the yawning wave. But not to point the harbour which might save. Hours of delight and peace, long left behind. With that dear form came rushing o'er her mind ; But oh ! to think how deep her soul had gone In shame and falsehood since those moments shone And, then, her oath — there madness lay again, And, shuddering, back she sunk into her chain Of mental darkness, as if blest to flee From light, whose every glimpse was agony ! Yet, one relief this glance of former years Brought, mingled with its pain, — ^tears, floods of tears. Long frozen at her heart, but now like rills Let loose in spring-time from the snowy hills, And gushing warm, after a sleep of frost. Through valleys where their flow had long been lost ! Sad and subdued, for the first time her frame Trembled with horror, when the summons came (A summons proud and rare, which all but she. And she, till now, had heard with ecstasy). To meet Mokanna at his place of prayer, A garden oratory, cool and fair, By the stream's side, where still at close of day The Prophet of the Veil retired to pray ; Sometimes alone — but oftener far with one, One chosen nymph to share his orison. Of late none found such favour in his sight As the young Priestess ; and though, since that night When the death-caverns echo'd every tone Of the dire oath that made her all his own, Th' Impostor, sure of his infatuate prize, Had, more than once, thrown off his soul's disguise, And utter'd such unheavenly, monstrous things, As ev'n across the desperate wanderings 12 MOORE S POETICAL WORKS. Of a weak intellect, whose lamp was out, Threw startling shadows of dismay and doubt ; — Yet zeal, ambition, her tremendous vow. The thought, still haunting her, of that bright brow, Whose blaze, as yet from mortal eye conceal'd, Would soon, proud triumph ! be to her reveal'd, To her alone :— and then the hope, most dear, Most wild of all, that her transgression here Was but a passage through earth's grosser fire, From which the spirit would at last aspire, Ev'n purer than before, — as perfumes rise Through flame and smoke, most welcome to the skies — And that when Azim's fond divine embrace Should circle her in heaven, no darkening trace Would on that bosom he once loved remain, But all be bright, be pure, be his again ! — These were the wildering dreams, whose curst deceit Had chain'd her soul beneath the tempter's feet. And made her think even damning falsehood sweet. But now that Shape, which had appall'd her view, That Semblance — oh, how terrible, if true ! — Which came across her frenzy's full career With shock of consciousness, cold, deep, severe. As when, in northern seas, at midnight dark, An isle of ice encounters some swift bark. And, startling all its wretches from their sleep. By one cold impulse hurls them to the deep ; — So came that shock not frenzy's self could bear, And waking up each long-lull'd image there, But check'd her headlong soul, to sink it in despair ! Wan and dejected, through the evening dusk. She now went slowly to that small kiosk. Where, pondering alone his impious schemes, Mokanna waited her — too wrapt in dreams Of the fair-ripening future's rich success. To heed the sorrow, pale and spiritless. That sat upon his victim's downcast brow, Or mark how slow her step, how alter'd now From the quick, ardent Priestess, whose light bound Came like a spirit's o'er th' unechoing ground, — ''- The cities of Com (or Koom) and Cashan are full of mosques, mausoleums, and sepulchres of the descendants of Ali, the saints of Persia. — Chardin. * An island in the Persian Gulf, celebrated for its white wine. 2 The miraculous well at Mecca ; so called, says Sale, from the murmuring of its waters. * The God Hannaman. — " Apes are in many parts of India highly venerated, out of [respect to the God Hannaman, a deity partaking of the form of that race." — Pennant's Hindostan. See a curious account in " Stephen's Persia," of a solemn em- bassy from some part of the Indies to Goa, when the Portuguese were there, offering vast treasures for the recovery of a monkey's tooth, which they held in great veneration, and which had been taken away upon the conquest of the kingdom of Jafanapatan. From that wild Zelica, whose every glance Was thrilling fire, whose every thought a trance ! Upon his couch the Veil'd Mokanna lay. While lamps around — not such as lend their ray. Glimmering and cold, to those who nightly pray In holy Koom,i or Mecca's dim arcades, — But brilliant, soft, such lights as lovely maids Look loveliest in, shed their luxurious glow Upon his mystic Veil's white glittering flow Beside him, 'stead of beads and books of prayer, Which the world fondly thought he mused on there, Stood vases, filled with Kishmee's^ golden wine, And the red weepings of the Shiraz vine ; Of which his curtain'd lips full many a draught Took zealously, as if each drop they quaff^'d. Like Zemzem's Spring of Holiness,^ had power To freshen the soul's virtues into flower ! And still he drank and ponder'd — nor could see Th' approaching maid, so deep his reverie ; At length, with fiendish laugh, like that which broke From Eblis at the fall of Man, he spoke ; — " Yes, ye vile race, for hell's amusement given. Too mean for earth, yet claiming kin with heaven ; God's images, forsooth ! — such gods as he Whom India serves, the monkey deity ;* Ye creatures of a breath, proud things of clay, To whom if Lucifer, as grandams say, Refused, though at the forfeit of Heaven's light, To bend in worship, Lucifer was right 1 — ^ Soon shall I plant this foot upon the neck Of your foul race, and without fear or check. Luxuriating in hate, avenge my shame, My deep-felt, long-nurst loathing of man's name ! — Soon, at the head of myriads, blind and fierce As hooded falcons, through the universe I'll sweep my darkening, desolating way. Weak man my instrument, curst man my prey ! " Ye wise, ye learn'd, who grope your dull way on By the dim twinkling gleams of ages gone, Like superstitigus thieves, who think the light 5 This resolution of Eblis not to acknowledge the new creature, man, was, according to Mahometan tradition, thus adopted : — " The earth (which God had selected for the materials of his work) was carried into Arabia, to a place between Mecca and Tayef, where, being first kneaded by the angels, it was afterwards fashioned by God himself into a human form, and left to dry for the space of forty days, or, as others say, as many years : the angels, in the meantime, often visiting it, and Eblis (then one of the angels nearest to God's presence, afterwards the devil) among the rest ; but he, not contented with looking at it, kicked it with his foot till it rung, and knowing God designed that creature to be his superior, took a secret resolution never to acknowlege him as such." — Sale on the Koran. LALLA ROOKH, 13 From dead men's marrow guides them best at night ^- Ye shall have honours — wealth, — ^yes, Sages, yes — I know, grave fools, your wisdom's nothingness ; Undazzled it can track yon starry sphere, But a gilt stick, a bauble, blinds it here. How I shall laugh, when trumpeted along. In lying speech, and still more lying song. By these learn'd slaves, the meanest of the throng ; Their wits bought up, their wisdom shrunk so small, A screptre's puny point can wield it all 1 " Ye too, believers of incredible creeds. Whose faith enshrines the monsters which it breeds ; Who, bolder even than Nimrod, think to rise, By nonsense heap'd on nonsense to the skies ; Ye shall have miracles, aye, sound ones too, Seen, heard, attested, everything — but true. Your preaching zealots, too inspired to seek One grace of meaning for the things they speak ; Your martyrs, ready to shed out their blood, For truths too heavenly to be understood ; And your state priests, sole vendors of the lore. That works salvation ; — as on Ava's shore. Where none i>u( priests are privileged to trade In that best marble of which Gods are made ; — - They shall have mysteries — aye, precious stuff For knaves to thrive by^-mysteries enough ; Dark, tangled doctrines, dark as fraud can weave, Which simple votaries shall on trust receive, While craftier feign belief, till they believe. A Heaven too ye must have, ye lords of dust, — A splendid Paradise — pure souls, ye must : That Prophet ill sustains his holy call, Who finds not heavens to suit the tastes of all ; Houris for boys, omniscience for sages. And wings and glories for all ranks and ages. Vain things ! — as lust or vanity inspires. The heaven of each is but what each desires, And, soul or sense, whate'er the object be, Man would be man to all eternity ! So let him — Eblis ! grant this crowning curse, But keep him what he is, no Hell were worse." — " O, my lost soul !" exclaim'd the shuddering maid, Whose ears had drunk like poison all he said ; — Mokanna started — not abash'd, afraid, — He knew no more of fear than one who dwells Beneath the tropics knows of icicles 1 But, in those dismal words that reach'd his ear, " O, my lost soul ! " there was a sound so drear, ^ A kind of lantern formerly used by robbers, called the Hand of Glory, th« candle for which was made of the fat of a dead malefactoi'. This, however, was rather a western than an easten.'. superstition. So like that voice, among the sinful dead. In which the legend o'er Hell's Gate is read, That, new as 'twas from her, whom nought could dim Or sink till now, it startled even him. " Ha, my fair Priestess ! " — thus, with ready wile, Th' Impostor turned to greet her — " thou, whose smile Hath inspiration in its rosy beam Beyond the Enthusiast's hope and Prophet's dream ! Light of the Faith ! who twin'st religion's zeal So close with love's, men know not which they feel, Nor which to sigh for, in their trance of heart. The heaven thou preachest or the heaven thou art ! What should I be without thee ? without thee How dull were power, how joyless victory ! Though borne by angels, if that smile of thine Bless'd not my banner, 'twere but half divine. But — why so mournful, child ? those eyes, that shone All life last night — ^what ! — is their glory gone ? Come, come — this morn's fatigue hath made them pale. They want rekindling — suns themselves would fail, Did not their comets bring, as I to thee. From Light's own fount supplies of brilliancy. Thou seest this cup — no juice of earth is here, But the pure waters of that upper sphere. Whose rills o'er ruby beds and topaz flow, Catching the gem's bright colour as they go. Nightly my Genii come and fill these urns — Nay, drink — in every drop life's essence burns ; 'Twill make that soul all fire, those eyes all light — Come, come, I want thy loveliest smiles to-night ; There is a youth — why start ? — thou saw'st him then Look'd he not nobly ? such the god-like men Thou'lt have to woo thee in the bowers above ; — Though Ae, I fear, hath thoughts too stern for love. Too ruled by that cold enemy of bliss The world calls virtue — we must conquer this ; — Nay, shrink not, pretty sage ; 'tis not for thee To scan the mazes of Heaven's mystery. The steel must pass through fire, ere it can yield \ Fit instruments for mighty hands to wield. ' J This very night I mean to try the art Of powerful beauty on that warrior's heart. All that my Haram boasts of bloom and wit, Of skill and charms, most rare and exquisite. Shall tempt the boy ; young Mirzala's blue eyes, Whose sleepy lid like snow on violets lies ; Arouya's cheeks, warm as a spring-day sun, And lips that, like the seal of Solomon, 2 The material of which images of Gaudma (the Birman Deity) is wade is held sacred. " Birmans may not purchase the marble in mass, but are suffered, and indeed encouraged, to buy figures of the deity ready-made." — Syme's Ava, vol. ii. p. 376. 14 MOORES POETICAL WORKS. Have magic in their pressure ; Zeba's lute, And Lilla's dancing feet, that gleam and shoot Rapid and white as sea-birds o'er the deep — All shall combine their witching powers to steep My convert's spirit in that softening trance, From which to heaven is but the next advance ; — That glowing, yielding fusion of the breast, On which Religion stamps her image best. But hear me, Priestess ! — though each nymph of these Hath some peculiar, practised power to please, Some glance or step, which, at the mirror tried. First charms herself, then all the world beside ; There still wants one to make the victory sure. One who in every look joins every lure; Through whom all beauty's beams concentred pass. Dazzling and warm, as through love's burning-glass ; Whose gentle lips persuade without a word. Whose words, even when unmeaning, are adored. Like inarticulate breathings from a shrine. Which our faith takes for granted are divine ! Such is the nymph we want, all warmth and light, To crown the rich temptations of to-night ; Such the refined enchantress that must be This hero's vanquisher, — and thou art she I " With her hands clasp'd,.her lips apart and pale, The maid had stood, gazing upon the Veil From which these words, like south winds through a fence Of Kerzrah flowers, came filled with pestilence ■}■ So boldly utter'd too ! as if all dread Of frowns from her, of virtuous frowns, were fled. And the wretch felt assured that, once plunged in. Her woman's soul would know no pause in sin I At first, though mute, she listen'd, like a dream Seem'd all he said ; nor could her mind, whose beam As yet was weak, penetrate half his scheme. But when, at length, he uttered, " Thou art she 1 " All flash'd at once, and shrieking piteously, " Oh not for worlds !" she cried — " Great God I to whom I once knelt innocent, is this my doom ? Are all my dreams, my hopes of heavenly bliss. My purity, my pride, then come to this ? — To live the wanton of a fiend ! to be The pander of his guilt — oh infamy ! And sunk, myself, as low as hell can steep In its hot flood, drag others down as deep ! Others ? — ha ! yes — that youth who came' to-day — Not him I loved — not him — ch, do but say. But swear to me this moment 'tis not he, And I will serve, dark fiend, will worship even thee ! " s " It is commonly said in Persia, that if a man breathe >n the hot south wind, which in June or July passes over that flqwer tthe Kerzereh), it will kill \\\m."—Thevenot. " Beware, young raving thing ! — in time beware, Nor utter what I cannot, must not bear Even from tky lips. Go — try thy lute, thy voice ; The boy must feel their magic — I rejoice To see those fires, no matter whence they rise Once more illuming my fair Priestess' eyes ; And should the youth, whom soon those eyes shall warm Indeed resemble thy dead lover's form, So much the happier wilt thou find thy doom, As one warm lover, full of life and bloom. Excels ten thousand cold ones in the tomb. Nay, nay, no frowning, sweet ! — those eyes were made For love, not anger — I must be obey'd." " Obey'd ! — 'tis well — ^yes, I deserve it all — On me — on me Heaven's vengeance cannot fall Too heavily — but Azim, brave and true And beautiful — must he be ruin'd too ? Must he, too, glorious as he is, be driven, A renegade, like me, from Love and Heaven ? Like me ? — weak wretch, I wrong him — not like me ; No — he's all truth and strength and purity I Fill up your madd'ning hell-cup to the brim. Its witchery, fiends, will have no charm for him. Let loose your glowing wantons from their bowers, He loves, he loves, and can defy their powers I Wretch as I am, in his heart still I reign Pure as when first we met, without a stain ! Though ruin'd — lost — my memory, like a charm Left by the dead, still keeps his soul from harm. Oh ! never let him know how deep the brow He kiss'd at parting is dishonour'd now — Ne'er tell him how debased, how sunk is she. Whom once he loved 1 — once ! — still loves dotingly. Thou laugh'st tormentor, — what ! — thou'lt brand my name ? Do, do — in vain — he'll not believe my shame — He thinks me true, that nought beneath God's sky Could tempt or change me, and — so once thought I. But this is past — though worse than death my lot, Than hell — 'tis nothing, while he knows it not. Far off to some benighted land I'll fly. Where sunbeam ne'er shall enter till I die ; Where none will ask the lost one whence she came. But I may fade and fall without a name ! And thou — curst man or fiend, whate'er thou art, Who found'st this burning plague-spot in my heart, And spread'st it — oh, so quick ! — through soul and frame, With more than demon's art, till I became A loathsome thing, all pestilence, all flame ! — If, when I'm gone " " Hold, fearless maniac, hold, Nor tempt my rage ! — by Heaven, not half so bold LALLA ROOKH. 15 The puny bird that dares, with teasing hum, Within the crocodile's strctch'd jaws to come;i And so thou'lt fly, forsooth ?— what !— give up all Thy chaste dominion in the Haram Hall, Where now to Love and now to Alia given, Half mistress and half saint, thou hang'st as even As doth Medina's tomb, 'twixt hell and heaven ! Thou'lt fly ? — as easily may reptiles run The gaunt snake once hath fix'd his eyes upon ; As easily, when caught, the prey may be Pluck'd from his loving folds, as thou from me. No, no, 'tis fix'd— let good or ill betide, Thou'rt mine till death, till death Mokanna's bride ! Hast thou forgot thy oath ? — " At this dread word. The Maid, whose spirit his rude taunts had stirr'd Through all its depths, and roused an anger there. That burst and lighten'd even through her despair — Shrunk back, as if a blight were in the breath That spoke that word, and stagger'd, pale as death. " Yes, my sworn bride, let others seek in bowers Their bridal place — the charnel vault was ours ! Instead of scents and balms, for thee and me Rose the rich steams of sweet mortality ; — Gay, flickering death-lights shone while we were wed, And, for our guests, a row of goodly Dead (Immortal spirits in their time, no doubt). From reeking shrouds upon the rite look'd out ! That oath thou heard'st more lips than thine repeat — That cup — thou shudderest. Lady — was it sweet ? That cup we pledged, the charnel's choicest wine. Hath bound thee — aye — body and soul all mine; Bound thee by chains that, whether blest or curst, No matter now, not hell itself shall burst ! Hence, woman, to the Haram, and look gay, Look wild, look— anything but sad ; yet stay — One moment more — from what this night hath pass'd, I see thou know'st me, know'st me well at last. Ha ! ha ! and so, fond thing, thou thought'st all true, And that I love mankind ? — I do, I do — As victims, love them ; as the sea-dog doats Upon the small sweet fry that round him floats ; Or as the Nile-bird loves the slime that gives That rank and venomous food on which she lives 1^ " And now thou see'st my soul's angelic hue, 'Tis time these features were uncurtained too ; — This brow, whose light — oh rare celestial light ! Hath been reserved to bless thy favour'd sight ; These dazzling eyes, before whose shrouded might Thou'st seen immortal Man kneel down and quake — Would that they were heaven's lightnings for his sake I But turn and look — then wonder, if thou wilt. That I should hate, should take revenge, by guilt, Upon the hand, whose mischief or whose mirth Sent me thus maim'd and monstrous upon earth ; And on that race who, though more vile they be Than mowing apes, are demigods to me ! Here — ^judge if hell, with all its powers to damn, Can add one curse to the foul thing I am ! — " He raised his veil — the Maid turn'd slowly round, Look'd at him — shriek' d — and sunk upon the ground I On their arrival, next night, at the place of encampment, they were surprised and delighted to find the groves all round illuminated ; some artists of Yamtcheou ^ having been sent on previously for the purpose. On each side of the green alley, which led to the Royal Pavilion, artificial sceneries of bamboo work ^ were erected, representing arches, minarets, and towers, from which hung thousands of silken lanterns, painted by the most delicate pencils of Canton. Nothing could be more beautiful than the leaves of the mango-trees and acacias, shining in the light of the bamboo scenery, which shed a lustre round as soft as that of the nights of Peristan. ■1 The humming-bird is said to run this risk for the purpose of picking the crocodile's teeth. The same circumstance is related of the lapwing as a fact to which he was witness, by Paul Lucas, Voyage fait en 1714. The ancient story concerning the Trochilus, or humming-bird entering with impunity into the mouth of the crocodile, is firmly believed at Java. — Barrow's Cochin-China. 2 Circum easdemripas(Nili, viz.) ales est Ibis. Ea serpentium populatur ova, gratissimamque ex his escam nidis suis refert. — Solinus. 3 " The Feast of Lanterns is celebrated at Yamtcheou with more magnificence than anywhere else : and the report goes, that the illu- minations there are so splendid, that an Emperor once, not daring openly to leave his court to go thither, committed himself with the Queen and several Princesses of his family into the hands of a magi- cian, who promised to transport them thither in a trice. He made them in the nig-ht to ascend magnificent thrones that were borne up by swans, which in a moment arrived at Yamtcheou. The Emperor saw at his leisure all the solemnity, being carried upon a cloud that hovered over the city and descended by degrees ; and came back again with the same speed and equipage, nobody at court per- ceiving his absence." — The Present State of China, p. 156. * See a description of the nuptials of Vizier Alee in the "Asiatic Annual Register," of 1804. i6 MOORE S POETICAL WORKS. Lalla Rookh, however, who was too much occupied by the sad story of Zelica and her lover, to give a thought to anything else, except, perhaps, him who related it, hurried on through this scene of splendour to her pavilion, — greatly to the mortification of the poor artists of Yamtcheou — and was followed with equal rapidity by the Great Chamberlain, cursing, as he went, that ancient Mandarin, whose parental anxiety in lighting up the shores of the lake, where his beloved daughter had wandered and been lost, was the origin of these fantastic Chinese illuminations.^ Without a moment's delay, young Feramorz was introduced, and Fadladeen, who could never make up his mind as to the merits of a poet till he knew the religious sect to which he belonged, was about to ask him whether he was a Shia or a Sooni, when Lalla Rookh impatiently clapped her hands for silence, and the youth, being seated upon the musnud near her, proceeded : — Prepare thy soul, young Azim ! — thou hast braved The bands of Greece, still mighty, though enslaved ; Hast faced her phalanx, arm'd with all its fame, Her Macedonian pikes and globes of flame ; All this has fronted, with firm heart and brow, But a more perilous trial waits thee now, — Woman's bright eyes, a dazzling host of eyes From every land where woman smiles or sighs ; Of every hue, as Love may chance to raise His black or azure banner in their blaze ; And each sweet mode of warfare, from the flash That lightens boldly through the shadowy lash, To the sly, stealing splendours, almost hid. Like swords half-sheathed, beneath the downcast lid. Such, Azim, is the lovely, luminous host Now led against thee ; and, let conquerors boast Their fields of fame, he, who in virtue arms, A young, warm spirit against beauty's charms, Who feels her brightness, yet defies her thrall, Is the best, bravest conqueror of them all. Now, through the Haram chambers, moving lights And busy shapes proclaim the toilet's rites ; — From room to room the ready handmaids hie, Some skill'd to wreathe the turban tastefully, ■• " The vulgar ascribe it to an accident that happened in the family of a famous mandarin, whose daughter walking one evening upon the shore of a lake, fell in and was drowned ; this afflicted father, with his family, run thither, and, the better to find her, he caused a great compan}' of lanterns to be lighted. All the inhabitants of the place thronged after him with torches. The year ensuing they made fires upon the shores the same day ; they continued the ceremony every year ; every one lighted his lantern and by degrees it commenced into a custom." — Present State of China. 2 "Thou hast ravished my heart with one of thine eyes." — Solomon's Song. 3 " They tinged the ends of her fingers scarlet with Henna, so that they resembled branches of coral." — Story of Prince Futtun in Bahardanush. * The women blacken the inside of their eye-lids with a powder named the black Kohol." — Russell. Or hang the veil, in negligence of shade. O'er the warm blushes of the youthful maid. Who, if between the folds but one eye shone, Like Seba's Queen could vanquish with that one^ : — While some bring leaves of henna, to imbue The fingers' ends with a bright roseate hue,^ So bright, that in the mirror's depth they seem Like tips of coral branches in the stream ; And others mix the Kohol's jetty dye. To give that long, dark anguish to the eye,* Which makes the maids, whom kings are proud to cull From fair Circassia's vales, so beautiful ! All is in motion ; rings and plumes and pearls Are shining everywhere ; — some younger girls Are gone by moonlight to the garden beds, To gather fresh, cool chaplets for their heads ; Gay creatures ! sweet, though mournful 'tis to see How each prefers a garland from that tree Which brings to mind her childhood's innocent day, And the dear fields and friendships far away. The maid of India, blest again to hold In her full lap the Champac's leaves of gold,^ Thinks of the time when, by the Ganges' flood, . Her little playmates scatter'd many a bud "None of these ladies," says Shaw, "take themselves to be completely dressed till they have tinged the hair and edges of their eyelids with the powder of lead-ore. Now, as this operation is performed by dipping first into the powder a small wooden bodkin of the thickness of a quill, and then drawing it afterwards through the eyelids over the ball of the eye, we shall have a lively image of what the Prophet (Jer. iv. 30) may be supposed to mean by rending the eyes with fainting. The practice is no doubt of great antiquity ; for besides the instance already taken notice of, we find that where Jezebel is said (2 Kings ix. 30) ' to have fainted her face,' the original words are ' she adjusted her eyes with the fowder of lead-ore.' " — Shaw's Travels. 4 5 "The appearance of the blossoms of the gold-coloured Cam- pac on the black hair of the Indian women has supplied the Sanscrit poets with many elegant allusions."— ^«a/zi: Researches, vol. iv. LALLA ROOKH. 17 Upon her long black hair, with glossy gleam Just dripping from the consecrated stream ; While the young Arab, haunted by the smell Of her own mountain flowers, as by a spell, — The sweet Elcaya,^ and that courteous tree Which bows to all who seek its canopy — ^ Sees, call'd up round her by these magic scents The well, the camels, and her father's tents ; Sighs for the home she left with little pain, And wishes ev'n its sorrows back again ! Meanwhile, through vast illuminated halls, Silent and bright, where nothing but the falls Of fragrant waters, gushing with cool sound From many a jasper fount is heard around. Young Azim roams bewilder'd, — nor can guess What means this maze of light and loneliness. Here, the way leads, o'er tessellated floors Or mats of Cairo, through long corridors. Where, ranged in cassolets and silver urns, Sweet wood of aloe or of sandal burns ; And spicy rods, such as illume at night The bowers of Tibet,^ send forth oderous light, Like Peris' wands, when pointing to the road For some pure spirit to its blest abode ; — And here, at once, the glittering saloon Bursts on his sight, boundless and bright as noon • Where, in the midst, reflecting back the rays In broken rainbows, a fresh fountain plays High as th'enamell'd cupola, which towers All rich with Arabesques of gold and flowers : And the mosaic floor beneath shines through The sprinkling of that fountain's silvery dew, Like the wet, glistening shells, of every dye, That on the margin of the Red Sea lie. Here too he traces the kind visitings Of woman's love in those fair, living things Of land and wave, whose fate — in bondage thrown For their weak loveliness — is like her own ! On one side gleaming with a sudden grace ^ A tree famous for its perfume, and common on the hills of Yemen. — Niebuhr. 2 Of the genus Mimosa, " which droops its branches whenever any person approaches it, seeming as if it saluted those who re- tire under its shade." — Ibid. 3 Cloves are a principal ingredient in the composition of the perfumed rods, which men of rank keep constantly burning in their presence." — Turner's l^ibet. * " C'est d'oil vient le bois d'aloes, que les Arabes appellent Oud Comari, et celui du sandal, qui s'y trouve en grande <^sm- Wikr—UHerbelot. 6 "Thousands of variegated loories visit the coral-trees." — Barrow. 6 " In Mecca there are quantities of blue pigeons, which none will aifright or abuse, much less kill." — Pitt's Account of the Mahometans. ' " The Pagoda Thrush is esteemed among the first choristers Through water, brilliant as the crystal vase In which it undulates, small fishes shine, Like golden ingots from a fairy mine ; — While, on the other, latticed lightly in With odoriferous woods of Comorin,* Each brilliant bird that wings the air is seen ; — Gay, sparkling loories, such as gleam between The crimson blossoms of the coral tree* In the warm isles of India's sunny sea : Mecca's blue sacred pigeon,^ and the thrush Of Hindostan,^ whose holy warblings gush, At evening, from the tall pagoda's top ; — Those golden birds that, in the spice-time, drop About the gardens, drunk with that sweet food^ Whose scent hath lured them o'er the summer flood ;' And those that under Araby's soft sun Build their high nests of budding cinnamon ;^° In short, all rare and beauteous things, that fly Through the pure element, here calmly lie Sleeping in light, like the green birds ^^ that dwell In Eden's radiant fields of asphodel ! So on, through scenes past all imagining. More like the luxuries of that impious King,^^ Whom Death's dark Angel, with his lightning torch. Struck down and blasted even in pleasure's porch. Than the pure dwelling of a Prophet sent, Arm'd with Heaven's sword, for man's enfranchise- ment, — Young Azim wander'd, looking sternly round. His simple garb and war-boots' clanking sound But ill according with the pomp and grace And silent lull of that voluptuous place. " Is this then," thought the youth, " is this the way To free man's spirit from the deadening sway Of worldly sloth, — to teach him, while he lives, To know no bliss but that which virtue gives, And when he dies, to leave his lofty name A light, a landmark on the cliffs of fame ? It was not so, Land of the generous thought of India. It sits perched on the sacred pagodas, and from thence delivers its melodious song." — Pennant' s Hindostan. 8 Tavernier adds, that while the Birds of Paradise lie in this intoxicated state, the Emmets come and eat off their legs ; and that hence it is they are said to have no feet. ^ Birds of Paradise, which at the nutmeg season, come in flights from the southern isles to India; and "the strength of the nutmeg," says Tavernier, " so intoxicates them, that they fall dead drunk to the earth." 10 " That bird which liveth in Arabia, and buildeth his nest with cinnamon." — Brown's Vulgar Errors. 11 " The spirits of the martyrs will be lodged in the crops of green birds." — Gibbon, vol. ix. p. 421. 12 Shedad, who made the delicious gardens of Irim, in imitation of Paradise, and was destroyed by lightning the first time he attempted to enter them. i8 MOORE S POETICAL WORKS. And daring deed, thy godlike sages taught ; It was not thus, in bowers of wanton ease, Thy Freedom nursed her sacred energies ; Oh ! not beneath th' enfeebling, withering glow Of such dull luxury did those myrtles grow With which she wreathed her sword, when she would dare Immortal deeds ; but in the bracing air Of toil, — of temperance, — of that high, rare. Ethereal virtue, which alone can breathe Life, health, and lustre into Freedom's wreath. Who, that surveys this span of earth we press, This speck of life in time's great wilderness. This narrow isthmus 'twixt two boundless seas. The past, the future, two eternities ! — Would sully the bright spot or leave it bare. When he might build him a proud temple there, A name, that long shall hallow all its space. And be each purer soul's high resting place. But no — it cannot be, that one, whom God Has sent to break the wizard Falsehood's rod, — A Prophet of the Truth, whose mission draws Its rights from Heaven, should thus profane its cause With the world's vulgar pomps ; no, no — I see — He thinks me weak — this glare of luxury Is but to tempt, to try the eaglet gaze Of my young soul ; — shine on, 'twill stand the blaze !" So thought the youth ; — but, ev'n while he defied This witching scene, he felt its witchery glide Through every seijse. The perfume breathing round. Like a pervading spirit ; — the still sound Of falling waters, lulling as the song Of Indian bees at sunset, when they throng Around the fragrant Nilica, and deep In its blue blossoms hum themselves to sleep 1^ And music too — dear music ! that can touch Beyond all else the soul that loves it much — Now heard far off, so far as but to seem Like the faint, exquisite music of a dream ; All was too much for him, too full of bliss, The heart could nothing feel, that felt not this ; Soften 'd he sunk upon a couch, and gave His soul up to sweet thoughts, like wave on wave Succeeding in smooth seas, when storms are laid ; He thought of Zelica, his own dear ihaid. And of the time when, full of blissful sighs. They sat and look'd into each other's eyes. Silent and happy— as if God had given Nought else worth looking at on this side Heaven 1 "Oh my loved mistress ! thou, whose spirit still 1 " My Pandits assure me that the plant before us (the Nilica), is their Sephalica, thus named because the bees are supposed to sleep on its blossoms."— 5z>- W. Jones. Is with me, round me, wander where I will — It is for thee, for thee alone I seek The paths of glory — to light up thy cheek With warm approval — in that gentle look, To read my praise, as in an angel's book. And think all toils rewarded, when from thee I gain a smile, worth immortality ! How shall I bear the moment, when restored To that young heart where I alone am lord. Though of such bliss unworthy, — since the best Alone deserve to be the happiest : — When from those lips unbreathed upon for years, I shall again kiss off the soul-felt tears, And find those tears warm as when last they started, Those sacred kisses pure as when we parted. O my own life ! — why should a single day, A moment keep me from those arms away ? " While thus he thinks, still nearer on the breeze Come those delicious, dream-like harmonies. Each note of which but adds new, downy links To the soft chain in which his spirit sinks. He turns him toward the sound, and, far away Through a long vista, sparkling with the play Of countless lamps, — like the rich track which Day Leaves on the waters when he sinks from us ; So long the path, its light so tremulous, — He sees a group of female forms advance, Some chain'd together in the mazy dance By fetters, forged in the green sunny bowers. As they were captives to the King of Flowers •,^ And some disporting round, unlink'd and free, Who seem'd to mock their sisters' slavery. And round and round them still, in wheeling flight, Went, like gay moths about a lamp at night ; While others waked, as gracefully along Their feet kept time, the very soul of song From psaltery, pipe, and lutes of heavenly thrill, Or their own youthful voices, heavenlier still. And now they come, now pass before his eye. Forms such as Nature moulds, when she would vie With Fancy's pencil, and give birth to things Lovely beyond its fairest picturings. Awhile they dance before him, then divide Breaking, like rosy clouds at even-tide Around the rich pavilion of the sun, — Till silently dispersing, one by one, Through many a path that from the chamber leads To gardens, terraces, and moonlight meads. Their distant laughter comes upon the wind, And but one trembling nymph remains behind,— 2 They deferred it until the King of Flowers should ascend his throne of ?narrielled foliage. — The Bahcf.ri}anush. LALLA ROOKH. 19 Beckoning them back in vain, for they are gone, And she is left in all that light alone No veil to curtain o'er her beauteous brow. In its young bashfulness more beauteous now ; But a light, golden chain-work round her hair,^ Such as the maids of Yezd and Shiraz wear,^ From which, on either side, gracefully hung A golden amulet, in th' Arab tongue. Engraven o'er with some immortal line From holy writ, or bard scarce less divine ; While her left hand, as shrinkingly she stood. Held a small lute of gold and sandal-wood. Which, once or twice, she touch'd with hurried strain. Then took her trembling fingers off again. But when at length a timid glance she stole At Azim, the sweet gravity of soul She saw through all his features calm'd her fear. And, like a half-tamed antelope, more near. Though shrinking still, she came ; — then sat her down Upon a musnud's^'edge, and, bolder grown, In the pathetic mode of Isfahan* Touch'd a preluding strain, and thus began : — There's a bower of roses by Bendemeer's^ stream. And the nightingale sings round it all the day long ; In the time of my childhood 'twas like a sweet dream. To sit in the roses and hear the bird's song. That bower and its music I never forget. But oft when alone, in the bloom of the year, I think— is the nightingale singing there yet ? Are tlie roses still bright by the calm Bendemeer ? No, the roses soon wither'd that hung o'er the wave. But some blossoms were gather'd while freshly they shone. And a dew was distill'd from their flowers, that gave All the fragrance of summer, when summer was gone. Thus memory draws from delight, ere it dies. An essence that breathes of it many a year ; Thus bright to my soul, as 'twas then to my eyes, Is that bower on the banks of the calm Bendemeer ! " Poor maiden !" thought the youth, " if thou wert sent, With thy soft lute and beauty's blandishment. To wake unholy wishes in this heart, 1 " One of the head-dresses of the Persian women is composed of a light golden chain-work, set with small pearls, with a thin c-old-plate pendant, about the bigness of a crown-piece on which fs impressed an Arabian prayer, and which hangs upon the cheek \,Ao^hinsione' s Caubul. Flock'd to his banner ;— Chiefs of th' Uzbek race, Waving their heron crests with martial grace f Turkomans, countless as their flocks, led forth From th' aromatic pastures of the North ; Wild warriors of the turquoise hills,»— and those Who dwell beyond the everlasting snows Of Hindoo Kosh,i" in stormy freedom bred. Their fort the rock, their camp the torrent's bed. But none, of all who own'd the Chiefs command, Rush'd to that battle-field with bolder hand Or sterner hate than Iran's outlaw'd men, Her Worshippers of Fire" — all panting then For vengeance on th' accursed Saracen ; Vengeance at last for their dear country spurn'd, Her throne usurp'd, and her bright shrine o'erturn'd. From Yezd's^^ eternal Mansion of the Fire, Where aged saints in dreams of heaven expire ; From Badku, and those fountains of blue flame That burn into the Caspian,^^ fierce they came. Careless for what or whom the blow was sped. So vengeance triumph'd, and their tyrants bled ! Such was the wild and miscellaneous host. That high in air their motley banners toss'd Around the Prophet-Chief — all eyes still bent Upon that glittering Veil, where'er it went. That beacon through the battle's stormy flood. That rainbow of the field, whose showers were blood ! Twice hath the sun upon their conflict set. And ris'n again, and found them grappling yet ; While streams of carnage, in his noon-tide blaze. Smoke up to Heaven — hot as that crimson haze,^* By which the prostrate caravan is awed. In the red Desert, when the wind's abroad ! " On, Swords of God 1 " the panting Caliph calls, — '^The Ghebers, or Guebres, those original natives of Persia, who adhered to their ancient faith, the religion of Zoroaster, and who, after the conquest of their country by the Arabs, were either persecuted at home or forced to become wanderers abroad. 12 i< Yezd, the chief residence of those ancient natives who wor- ship the Sun and the Fire, which latter they have carefully kept lighted, without bemg once extinguished for a moment, above 3000 years, on a mountain near Yezd, called Ater Quedah, signi- fying the House or Mansion of the Fire. He is reckoned very unfortunate who dies off that mountain." — Ste-l>hen^s Persia. 1 3 When the weather is hazy, the springs of Naphtha (on an island near Baku) boil up the higher, and the Naphtha often takes fire on the surface of the earth, and runs in a flame into the sea to a distance almost incredible." — Hanway on the Everlasting Fire at Baku. 1* Savary says of the south wmd, which blows in Egypt from February to May, " Sometimes it appears only in the shape of an impetuous whirlwind, which passes rapidly, and is fatal to the traveller surprised in the middle of the desert. Torrents of burn- ing sand roll before it, the firmament is enveloped in a thick veil, and the sun appears of the colour of blood. Sometimes whole caravans are buried in it." 26 MOORE S POETICAL WORKS. '' Thrones for the living — Heaven for him who falls ! ''" '' On, brave avengers, on," Mokanna cries, " And Eblis blast the recreant slave that flies ! " Now comes the brunt, the crisis of the day — They clash — they strive — the Caliph's troops give way i Mokanna's self plucks the black Banner down. And now the Orient World's Imperial crown Is just within his grasp — when, hark, that shout ! Some hand hath check'd the flying Moslems' rout ; And now they turn — they rally — at their head A warrior, (like those angel youths, who led. In glorious panoply of heaven's own mail, The Champions of the Faith through Beder's vale,7 Bold as if gifted with ten thousand lives. Turns on the fierce pursuers' blades, and drives At once the multitudinous torrent back, While hope and courage kindle in his track, And, at each step, his bloody falchion makes Terrible vistas through which victory breaks ! In vain Mokanna, midst the general flight. Stands, like the red moon, on some stormy night. Among the fugitive clouds that, hurrying by, Leave only her unshaken in the sky, — In vain he yells his desperate curses out. Deals death promiscuously to all about. To foes that charge and coward friends that fly. And seems of all the Great Arch-enemy. The panic spreads — " A miracle 1 " throughout, The Moslem ranks, " a miracle ! " they shout. All gazing on that youth, whose coming seems A light, a glory, such as breaks in dreams ; And every sword, true as o'er billows dim The needle tracks the load-star following him ! Right tow'rds Mokanna now he cleaves his path. Impatient cleaves, as tiiough the bolt of wrath He bears from Heaven withheld its awful burst From weaker heads, and souls but half-way curst, To break o'er Him, the mightiest and the worst ! But vain his speed— though, in that hour of blood, Had all God's seraphs round Mpkanna stood, With swords of fire, ready like fate to fall, Mokanna's soul would have defied them all ; — Yet now, the rush of fugitives, too strong For human force, hurries ev'n Aim along ; In vain he struggles 'mid the wedged array Of flying thousands, — he is borne away ; And the sole joy his baffled spirit knows In this forced flight is— murd'ring as he goes ! 1 In the great victory gained by Mahomed at Beder, he was assisted, say the Mussulmans, by three thousand angels, led by Gabriel, mounted on his horse Hiazum. — T/ie Koran and its Commentators. As a grim tiger, whom the torrent's might Surpi'ises in some parch'd ravine at night, Turns ev'n in drowning, on the wretched flocks Swept with him in that snow-flood from the rocks, And, to the last, devouring on his way. Bloodies the stream he hath not power to stay. " Alia ilia alia ! " — the glad shout renew — " Alia Akbar ! " the Caliph's in Merou. Hang out your gilded tapestry in thS streets. And light your shrines and chant your ziraleets f The Swords of God have triumph'd — on his thtone Your Caliph sits, and the Veil'd Chief hath flown. Who does not envy that young warrior now. To whom the Lord of Islam bends his brow. In all the graceful attitude of power. For his throne's safety in that perilous hour ? Who doth not wonder, when amidst th' perilous acclaim Of thousands heralding to heaven his name — 'Mid all those holier harmonies of fame, 1 Which sound along the path of virtuous souls, Like music round a planet as it rolls, — He turns away, — coldly as if some gloom Hung o'er his heart no triumphs can illume ; — Some sightless grief, upon whose blasted gaze Though glory's light may play, in Vain it plays. Yes, wretched Azim ! thine is such a grief. Beyond all hope, all terror, all relief; A dark, cold calm, which nothing now can break, Or warm or brighten, — like that Syrian Lake,^ Upon whose surface morn and summer shed j Their smiles in vain, for all beneath is dead I — Hearts there have been, o'er which this weight of woe . Came, by long use of suffering, tame, and slow ; But thine, lost youth ! was sudden^ over thee It broke at once, when all seem'd ecstacy ; When Hope look'd up, and saw the gloomy Past Melt into splendour, and Bliss dawn at last — 'Twas then, even then, o'er joys so freshly blown. This mortal blight of misery came down ; Ev'n then, the full warm gushings of thy heart Were check'd — like fount-drops, frozen as they start — And there, like them, cold, sunless relics hang, Each fix'd and chill'd into a lasting pang. One sole desire, one passion now remains, To keep life's fever still within his veins, — Vengeance ! — dire vengeance on the wretch who cast O'er him and all he loved that ruinous blast. 2 The ziraleet is a kind of chorus, which the women of the East sing upon joyful occasions. — Russel. 's The Dead Sea, which contains neither animal nor veg-etable life. LALLA ROOKH. 27 For this, when rumours reach'd him in his flight Far, far away, after that fatal night, — Rumours of armies, thronging to th' attack Of the VeiI'd Chief, — for this he wing'd him back, Fleet as the vulture speeds to flags unfurl'd. And, when all hope seem'd desperate, wildly hurl'd Himself into the scale, and saved a world. For this he still lives on, careless of all The wreaths that Glory on his path lets fall ; For this alone exists — like lightning fire To speed one bolt of vengeance, and expire ! But safe as yet that Spirit of Evil lives ; With a small band of desperate fugitives. The last sole stubborn fragment left unriven Of the proud host that late stood fronting heaven, He gain'd Merou — breathed a short curse of blood O'er his lost throne — then pass'd the Jihon's flood,^ And gathering all, whose madness of belief Still saw a Saviour in their down-fallen Chief, Raised the white banner within Neksheb's gates,^ And there, untamed, th' approaching conqueror waits. Of all his Haram, all that busy hive, With music and with sweets sparkling alive. He took but one, the partner of his flight, One — not for love — not for her beauty's light — For Zeljca stood withering 'midst the gay. Wan as the blossom that fell yesterday From th' Alma tree and dies, while overhead To-day's young flower is springing in its stead P No, not for love — the deepest Damn'd must be Touch'd with Heaven's glory, ere such fiends as he Can feel one glimpse of Love's divinity ! But no, she is his victim ; — there lie all Her charms for him. — charms that can never pall. As long as hell within his heart can stir, Or one faint trace of Heaven is left in her. To work an angel's ruin, — to behold As white a page as Virtue e'er unroll'd Blacken, beneath his touch, into a scroll Of damning sins, segil'd with a burning soul — This is his triumph ; this the joy accurst That ranks him among demons all but first ! 1 The ancient Oxus. 2 A city of Transoxiana. 3 " You never can cast your eye on this tree, but you meet there either blossoms or fruit ; and as the blossom drops underneath on the ground (which is frequently covered with these purple-coloured flowers), others come forth in their stead," &c., &c. — Nieuhoff. * The demons of the Persian mythology. 5 Carreri mentions the fire-flies in India during the rainy season. —See his Travels. « Sennacherib, called by the Orientals King of Moussal. — P'Herbelot. ' Chosroes. For the description of his throne or palace, see Gibbon and D' Herbelot, This gives the victim, that before him lies Blighted and lost, a glory in his eyes, A light like that with which hell-fire illumes The ghastly, writhing wretch whom it consumes ! But other tasks now wait him — tasks that need All the deep daringness of thought and deed With which the Dives* have gifted hini — for mark, Over yon plains, which night had else made dark. Those lanterns, countless as the wingM lights That spangle India's fields on showery nights, — ^ Far as their formidable gleams they shed. The mighty tents of the beleaguerer spread. Glimmering along th' horizon's dusky line. And thence in nearer circles, till they shine Among the founts and groves, o'er which the town In all its arm'd magnificence looks down. Yet, fearless, from his lofty battlements Mokanna views that multitude of tents ; Nay, smiles to think that, though entoil'd, beset, Not less than myriads dare to front him yet ; — That friendless, throneless, he thus stands at bay, Ev'n thus a match for myriads such as they. " Oh ! for a sweep of that dark Angel's wing, Who brush'd the thousands of th' Assyrian king^ To darkness in a moment, that I might People Hell's chambers with yon host to-night ! But come what may, let who will grasp the throne, Caliph or Prophet, Man alike shall groan ; Let who will torture him. Priest — Caliph — King — Alike this loathsome world of his shall ring With victims' shrieks and bowlings of the slave, — Sounds, that shall glad me even within my grave !" Thus to himself — but to the scanty train Still left around him, a far different strain : — " Glorious Defenders of the sacred Crown I bear from Heaven, whose light nor blood shall drown Nor shadow of earth eclipse ; — before whose gems The paly pomp of this world's diadems. The crown of Gerashid, the pillar'd throne Of Parviz,^ and the heron crest that shone,* Magnificent, o'er All's beauteous eyes,® Fade like the stars when morn is in the skies ! Warriors rejoice — the port, to which we've pass'd There were said to be under this throne or palace of Khosrou Parviz a hundred vaults filled with " treasures so immense, that some Mohammedan writers tell us, their Prophet, to encourage his disciples, carried them to a rock, which at his command opened, and gave them a prospect through it of the treasures of Khosrou." — Universal History, 8 " The crown of Gerashid is cloudy and tarnished before the heron tuft of thy turban." — From one of the elegies or songs in praise of Ali, written in characters of gold round the gallery of Abbas's tomb. — Chardin. * The beauty of Ali's eyes was so remarkable, that whenever the Persians would describe anything as very lovely, they say it is Ayn Hali, or the Eyes of Ali. — C/iardin. 28 MOORE S POETICAL WORKS. O'er Destiny's dark wave, beams out at last : Victory's our own — 'tis written in that Book Upon whose leaves none but the angels look, That Islam's sceptre shall beneath the power Of her great foe fall broken in that hour. When the moon's mighty orb, before all eyes, From Neksheb's Holy Well portentously shall rise ! Now turn and see ! — " They turn'd, and, as he spoke, A sudden splendour all around them broke, And they beheld an orb, ample and bright. Rise from the Holy Well,i and cast its light Round the rich city and the plain for miles, — ^ Flinging such radiance o'er the gilded tiles Of many a dome and fair-roof d minaret, As autumn suns shed round them when they set ! Instant from all who saw th' illusive sign A murmur broke — " Miraculaus ! divine ! " The Gheber bow'd, thinking his idol star Had waked, and burst impatient through the bar Of midnight, to inflame him to the war ! While he of Moussa's creed saw, in that ray. The glorious light which, in his freedom's day, Had rested on the Ark,^ and now again Shone out to bless the breaking of his chain ! " To victory !" is at once the cry of all — Nor stands Mokanna loitering at that call ; But instant the huge gates are flung aside, And forth, like a diminutive mountain-tide Into the boundless sea, they speed their course Right on into the Moslem's mighty force. The watchmen of the camp, — who, in their rounds. Had paused and even forgot the punctual sounds Of the small drum with which they count the night,* To gaze upon that supernatural light, — Now sink beneath an unexpected arm. And in a death-groan give their last alarm. " On for the lamps, that light yon lofty screen,^ Nor blunt your blades with massacre so mean ; There rests the Caliph — speed — one lucky lance May now achieve mankind's deliverance ! " Desperate the die — such as they only cast, Who venture for a world, and stake their last. 1 We are not told more of this trick of the Impostor, than that it was " une machine qu'il disoit etre la Lune." According to Richardson, the miracle is perpetuated in Nekscheb. — " Nack- shab, the name of a city in Transoxiana, where they say there is a well, in which the appearance of the moon is to be seen night and day." 2 " II amusa pendant deux mois le peuple de la ville de Nekhs- cheb en faisant sortir toutes les nuits du fonds d'un puits un corps lumineux semblable a la Lune, qui portoit sa lumiere jusqu'a la distance de plusieurs milles." — D' Herbelot. Hence he was called Sazendeh Mah, or the Moon-maker. But Fate's no longer with him — blade for blade Springs up to meet them through the glimmering shade, And, as the clash is heard, new legions soon Pour to the spot, — like bees of Kauzeroon® To the shrill timbrel's summons, — till, at length. The mighty camp swarms out in all its strength. And back to Neksheb's gates, covering the plain With random slaughter, drives the adventurous train ; Among the last of whom, the Silver Veil Is seen glittering at times, like the white sail Of some toss'd vessel, on a stormy night, Catching the tempest's momentary light ! And hath not this brought the proud spirit low, Nor dash'd his brow, nor check'd his daring ? No. Though half the wretches, whom at night he led To thrones and vict'ry, lie disgraced and dead, Yet morning hears him, with unshrinking crest, Still vaunt of thrones and vict'ry to the rest ;— And they believe him ! — oh ! the lover may Distrust that look which steals his soul away ; — The babe may cease to think that it can play With heaven's rainbow ; — alchymists may doubt The shining gold their crucible gives out ; — But Faith, fanatic Faith, once wedded fast \ To some dear falsehood, hugs it to the last. And well th' Impostor knew all lures and arts, That Lucifer e'er taught to tangle hearts ; Nor, 'mid these last bold workings of his plot Against men's souls, is Zelica forgot. Ill-fated Zelica ! had reason been Awake, through half the horrors thou hast seen. Thou never couldst have borne it — Death had come At once, and taken thy wrung spirit home. But 'twas not so — a torpor, a suspense Of thought, almost of life, came o'er th' intense And passionate struggles of that fearful night. When her last hope of peace and heaven took flight : And though, at times, a gleam of frenzy broke, — As through some dull volcano's veil of smoke Ominous flashings now and then will start. Which show the fire's still busy at its heart ; ' Yet was she mostly wrapped in solemn gloom, — Not such as Azim's, brooding o'er its doom, 3 Shechinah, called Saktnat in the Koran. — Sale's Note, chap. ii. *■ The parts of the night are made known as well by instruments of music, as by the rounds of the watchmen with cries and small ' drums. — Burder's Oriental Customs, vol. i. p. iig. ^ The Surrapurda, high screens of red cloth, stiffened with cane, used to enclose a considerable space round the royal tents. — Notes on the Bahardanush. " " From the groves of orange-trees at Kauzeroon the bees cull a celebrated honey, "—il/br?i?>-' J- Travels. LALLA ROOKH. 29 And calm without, as in the brow of death, While busy worms are gnawing underneath — But in a blank and pulseless torpor, free From thought or pain, a seal'd up apathy. Which left her oft, with scarce one living thrill. The cold, pale victim of her torturer's will. Again, as in Merou, he had her deck'd Gorgeously out, the Priestess of the sect ; And led her glittering forth before the eyes Of his rude train, as to a sacrifice, — Pallid as she, the young, devoted Bride Of the fierce Nile, when, deck'd in all the pride Of nuptial pomp, she sinks into his tide ! ^ And while the wretched maid hung down her head. And stood, as one just risen from the dead. Amid that gazing crowd, the fiend would tell His credulous slaves it was some charm .or spell Possess'd her now, — and from that darken'd trance Should dawn ere long their faith's deliverance. Or if, at times, goaded by guilty shame. Her soul was roused, and words of wildness came. Instant the bold blasphemer would translate Her ravings into oracles of fate. Would hail heaven's signals in her flashing eyes, And call her shrieks the language of the skies ! But vain at length his arts — despair is seen Gathering around ; and famine comes to glean 1 " A cuc\tom still subsisting at this day seems to me to prove that the Egyptians formerly sacrificed a young virgin to the God of the Nile ; for they now make a statue of earth in shape of a girl, to which they give the name of the Betrothed Bride, and throw it into the river." — Savary. 2 That they knew the secret of the Greek fire among the Mussulmans early in the eleventh century, appears from Daw's Account of Mainood I. ''When he arrived at Moultan, find- ing that the country of the Jits was defended by great rivers, he ordered fifteen hundred boats to be built, each of which he armed with six iron spikes, projecting from their prows and sides, to pre- vent their being boarded by the enemy, who were very expert in that kind of war. When he had launched this fleet, he ordered twenty archers into each boat, and five others with fire-balls, to burn the craft of the Jits, and naphtha to set the whole river on fire." The Agnee Aster, too, in Indian poems, the Instrument of Fire, whose flame cannot be extinguished, is supposed to signify the Greek fire. — Wilks's South 0/ India, vol. i. p. 471. — And in the curious Javan poems, the Brata Yudha, given by Sir Stamford Raffles in his history of Java, we find : " He aimed at the heart of Soe'ta with the sharp-pointed Weapon of Fire." The mention of gunpowder as in use among the Arabians, long before its supposed discovery in Europe, is introduced by Ebn Fadhl, the Egyptian geographer, who lived in the thirteenth cen- tury. " Bodies," he says, " in the form of scorpions, bound round and filled with nitrous powder, glide along, making a gentle noise; then exploding, they lighten as it were, and burn. But there are others, which, cast into the air, stretch along like a cloud, roaring horribly, as thunder roars, and on all sides vomiting out flames, burst, burn, and reduce to cinders whatever comes in their way." The historian, Ben Abdalla, in speaking of the sieges of Abulualid, in the year of the Hegira 712, says, "A fiery All that the sword had left unreap'd : — in vaia At morn and eve across the northern plain He looks impatient for the promised spears Of the wild hordes and Tartar mountaineers, They come not — while his fierce beleaguerers pour Engines of havoc in, unknown before,^ And horrible as new^ — ^javelins that fly Enwreathed with smoky flames through the dark sky. And red-hot globes that, opening as they mount, Discharge, as from a kindled naphtha fount,* Showers of consuming fire o'er all below ; Looking, as through th' illumined night they go. Like those wild birds ^ that by the Magians oft, At festivals of fire, were sent aloft Into the air, with blazing faggots tied To their huge wings, scattering combustion wide ! All night the groans of wretches who expire, In agony, beneath these darts of fire. Ring through the city — while, descending o'er Its shrines and domes and streets of sycamore ; — Its lone bazars, with their bright cloths of gold. Since the last peaceful pageant left unroll'd, — Its beauteous marble baths, whose idle jets Now gush with blood, — and its tall minarets. That late have stood up in the evening glare Of the red sun, unhalloW'd by a prayer ; — O'er each, in turn, the dreadful flame-bolts fall. And death and conflagration throughout all The desolate city hold high festival ! globe, by means of combustible matter, wiih a mighty noise sud- denly emitted, strikes with the force of lightning, and shakes the citadel. — See the Extracts from Casiri' s Biblioth. Arab. His^an. in the A;p^endix to Berington' s Literary History of the Middle Ages. 2 The Greek fire, which was occasionally lent by the emperors to their allies. " It was," says Gibbon, " either launched in red- hot balls of stone and iron, or darted in arrows and javelins, twisted round with flax and tow which had deeply imbibed the inflammable oil." * See Hanway's " Account of the Springs of Naphtha at Baku " (which is called by Lieutenant Pottinger Joala Mookhee, or the Flaming Mouth), taking fire and running into the sea. Dr. Cooke, in his Journal, mentions some wells in Circassia strongly impregnated with this inflammable oil, from which issues boiling water. " Though the weather," he adds, " was now very cold, the warmth of these wells of hot water produced near them the verdure and flowers of spring. Major Scott Waring says that naphtha is used by the Persians as we are told it was in hell for lamps. ***** "many a row Of starry lamps and blazing cressets, fed With naphtha and asphaltus, yielded light As from a sky." 5 " At the great festival of fire, called the Sheb Seze, they used to set fire to large bunches of dry combustibles, fastened round wild beasts and birds, which being then let loose, the air and earth appeared one great illumination; and as these terrified creatures naturally fled to the wood for shelter, it is easy to con- ceive the conflagrations they produced." — Richardson's Dis- sertation. 30 MOORE S POETICAL WORKS. Mokanna sees the world is his no more ; — One sting at parting, and his grasp is o'er. " What I drooping now ?" — thus with unblushing cheek, He hails the few, who yet can hear him speak, Of all those famish'd slaves around him lying, And by the light of blazing temples dying ; — " What ! — drooping now ? — now, when at length we press Home o'er the very threshold of success ; When Alia from our ranks hath thinn'd away Those grosser branches, that kept out his ray Of favour from us, and we stand at length Heirs of his light and children of his strength. The chosen few, who shall survive the fall Of Kings and Thrones, triumphant over all ! Have you then lost, weak murmurers as you are. All faith in him, who was your Light, your Star ? Have you forgot the eye of glory hid Beneath this Veil, the flashing of whose lid Could, like a sun-stroke of the desert, wither Millions of such as yonder Chief brings hither? Long have its lightnings slept — too long — but now All earth shall feel th' unveiling of this brow ! To-night — ^yes, sainted men ! this very night, I bid you all to a fair festal rite, Where, — having deep refresh'd each weary limb With viands, such as feast Heaven's cherubim, And kindled up your souls, now sunk and dim. With that pure wine the Dark-eyed Maids above Keep, seal'd with precious musk, for those they love, i I will myself uncurtain in your sight The wonders of this brow's ineffable light ; Then lead you forth, and, with a wink disperse /- Yon myriads, howling through the universe !" Eager they listen — while each accent darts New life into their chill'd and hope-sick hearts • Such treacherous life as the cool draught supplies To him upon the stake, who drinks and dies I Wildly they point their lances to the light Of the fast-sinking sun, and shout " To-night !" " To-night," their Chief re-echoes, in a voice Of fiend-like mockery that bids hell rejoice I Deluded victims !— never hath this earth Seen mourning half so mournful as their mirth. Here, to the few whose iron frames had stood This racking waste of famine and of blood, Faint, dying wretches clung, from whom the shout Of triumph like a maniac's laugh broke out • There, others, lighted by the smouldering fire. Danced, like wan ghosts about a funeral pyre. Among the dead and dying, strew'd around ; While some pale wretch look'd on, and from his wound 1 " The righteous shall be siven to drink of pure wine, sealed • the seal whereof shall be musk."— Aw-«/2, chap. Ixxxiii, ' Plucking the fiery dart by which he bled. In ghastly transport waved it o'er his head ! 'Twas more than midnight now — a fearful pause Had follow'd the long shouts, the wild applause, That lately from those Royal Gardens burst, Where the Veil'd Demon held his feast accurst. When Zelica — alas, poor ruin'd heart, In every horror doom'd to bear its part ! — Was bidden to the banquet by a slave. Who, while his quivering lip the summons gave, Grew black, as though the shadows of the grave Compass'd him round, and, ere he could repeat His message through, fell lifeless at her feet ! Shuddering she went — a soul-felt pang of fear, A presage, that her own dark doom was near, Roused every feeling, and brought Reason back Once more, to writhe her last upon the rack. All round seem'd tranquil — even the foe had ceased, As if aware of that demoniac feast, His fiery bolts ; and though the heavens look'd red, 'Twas but some distant conflagration's spread. But hark ! — she stops — she listens — dreadful tone ! 'Tis her Tormentor's laugh — and now, a groan, A long death-groan, comes with it — can this be The place of mirth, the bower of revelry ? She enters — Holy Alia, what a sight Was there before her ! By the glimmering light Of the pale dawn, mix'd with the flare of brands That round lay burning, dropp'd from lifeless hands, She saw the board, in splendid mockery spread. Rich censers breathing — garlands overhead — The urns, the cups, from which they late had quaff 'd, All gold and gems, but — what had been the draught ? Oh I \yho need ask that saw those livid guests. With their swollen heads sunk blackening on their breasts Or looking pale to heaven with glassy glare, As if they sought but saw no mercy there ; As if they felt, though poison rack'd them through, Remorse the deadlier torment of the two I While some, the bravest, hardiest in the train Of their false Chief, who, on the battle-plain, Would have met death with transport by his side. Here mute and helpless gasp'd ; — but, as they died, Look'd horrible vengeance with their eyes' last strain, And clench'd the slackening hand at him in vain. Dreadful it was to see the ghastly stare, The stony look of horror and despair. Which some of these expiring victims cast Upon their souls' tormentor to the last ; — Upon that mocking Fiend, whose Veil, now raised, Show'd them, as in death's agony they gazed, Not the long-promised light, the brow, whose beaming LALLA ROOKH. Was to come forth, all conquering, all redeeming, But features horribler than Hell e'er traced On its own brood ; — no Demon of the Waste.^ No churchyard Ghole, caught lingering in the light Of the bless'd sun, e'er blasted human sight With lineaments so foul, so fierce, as those Th' Impostor now, in grinning mockery, shows — " There, ye wise Saints, behold your Light, your Star,- Ye would be dupes and victims, and ye are. Is it enough ? or must I, while a thrill Lives in your sapient bosoms, cheat ybu still ? ' Swear that the burning death ye feel within. Is but the trance, with which Heaven's joys begin ; That this foul visage, foul as e'er disgraced Even monstrous man, is — after God's own taste ; And that — but see ! — ere I have half-way said My greetings through, th' uncourteous souls are fled. Farewell, sweet spirits ! not in vain ye die, If Eblis loves you half so well as I. — Ha, my young bride ! — 'tis well — take thou thy seat ; Naj^ come — no shuddering — didst thou never meet Th'e Dead before ? — they graced our wedding, sweet ; And these, my guests to-night, have brimm'd so true Their parting cups, that thou shalt pledge one too. But — ^how is this ? — all empty ? all drunk up ? Hot lips have been before thee in the cup, Young bride, — yet stay — one precious drop remains. Enough to warm a gentle Priestess' veins ; Here, drink — and should thy lover's conquering arms Speed hither, ere thy lip lose all its charms, Give him but half this venom in thy kiss. And I'll forgive my haughty rival's bliss ! " For me- — I too must die — but not like these Vile, rankling things, to fester in the breeze ; To have this brow in ruffian triumph shown. With all death's grimness added to its own. And rot to dust beneath the taunting eyes Of slaves, exclaiming, ' There his Godship lies ! ' — No — cursed race — since first my soul drew breath. They've been my dupes^ and shall be, even in death. Thou see'st yon cistern in the shade — 'tis fill'd With burning drugs, for this last hour distill'd ; ^ There will I plunge me, in that liquid flame — Fit bath to lave a dying Prophet's frame ! — There perish, all — ere pulse of thine shall fail — Nor leave one limb to tell mankind the tale. ^ " The Afghauns believe each of the numerous solitudes and deserts of their country to be inhabited by a lonely demon, whom they call the Ghoolee Beeabau, or Spirit of the Waste. They often illustrate the wildness of any sequestered tribe, by saying they are wild as the Demon of the Waste." — Slphmsione's Caubul. ^ " II donna du poison dans le vin a tous ses gens, et se jetta lui-meme ensuite dans une cuve pleine de drogues brdlantes et So shall my votaries, wheresoe'er they rave, Proclaim that Heaven took back the saint it gave ; — That I've but vanish'd from this earth awhile. To come again, with bright, unshrouded smile ! So shall they build me altars in their zeal. Where knaves shall minister, and fools shall kneel ; Where Faith may mutter o'er her mystic spell. Written in blood — and Bigotry may swell The sail he spreads for Heaven with blasts from hell ! So shall my banner, through long ages, be The rallying sign of fraud and anarchy ; — Kings yet unborn shall rue Mokanna's name, And, though I die, my spirit, still the same, Shall walk abroad in all the stormy strife, And guilt, and blood, that were its bliss in life. But, hark ! their battering engine shakes the wall — Why, let it shake — thus I can brave them all. No trace of me shall greet them, when they come, And I can trust thy faith, for — thou'lt be dumb. Now mark how readily a wretch like me, In one bold plunge, commences Deity ! — " He sprung and sunk, as the last words were said — Quick closed the burning waters o'er his head. And Zelica was left — within the ring Of those wide walls the only living thing ; The only wretched one, still cursed with breath, In all that frightful wilderness of death 1 More like some bloodless ghost, — such as, they tell, In the lone Cities of the Silent ^ dwell. And there, unseen of all but Alia, sit Each by its own pale carcass, watching it. But morn is up, and a fresh warfare stirs Throughout the camp of the beleaguerers. Their globes of fire (the dread artillery, lent By Greece to conquering Mahadi) are spent ; And now the scorpion's shaft, the quarry sent From high balistas, and the shielded throng Of soldiers swinging the huge ram along. All speak th' impatient Islamite's intent To try, at length, if tower and battlement And bastion'd wall be not less hard to win. Less tough to break down, than the hearts within. First in impatience and in toil is he. The burning Azim — oh ! could he but see Th' Impostor once alive within his grasp, consumantes, afin qu'il ne restit rien de tous les membres de son corps, et que ceux qui restoient de sa secte puissent croire qu'il etoit monte au ciel, ce qui ne manqua pas &'a.xn\&T."—I)'IIerbelof. s " They have all a great reverence for burial-grounds.which they sometimes call by the poetical name of Cities of the Silent, and which they people with the ghosts of the departed, who sit each at the head of his own grave, invisible to mortal eyes." — El^hin- stone. 32 MOORE S POETICAL WORKS. Not the gaunt lion's hug, nor boa's clasp, Could match that gripe of vengeance, or keep pace With the fell heartiness of Hate's embrace ! Loud rings the ponderous ram against the walls ; Now shake the ramparts, now a buttress falls, But still no breach—" Once more, one mighty swing Of all your beams, together thundering!" There — the wall shakes — the shouting troops exult — " Quick, quick discharge your weightiest catapult Right on that spot, and Neksheb is our own ! " 'Tis done — the battlements come crashing down, And the huge wall, by that stroke riven in two. Yawning like some old crater, rent anew. Shows the dim, desolate city smoking through. But strange I no signs of life — nought living seen Above, below — what can this stillness mean ? A minute's pause suspends all hearts and eyes — • In through the breach," impetuous Azim cries ; But the cool Caliph, fearful of some wile In this blank stillness, checks the troops awhile. — Just then, a figure, with slow step, advanced Forth from the ruin'd walls ; and, as there glanced A sunbeam over it, all eyes could see The well-known Silver Veil ! — " 'Tis he, 'tis he, Mokanna, and alone ! " they shout around ; Young Azim from his steed springs to the ground — " Mine, holy Caliph ! mine," he cries, " the task To crush yon daring wretch — 'tis all I ask. Eager he darts to meet the demon foe, Who, still across wide heaps of ruin, slow And falteringly comes, till they are near ; Then, with a bound, rushes on Azim's spear. And, casting off the Veil in falling, shows — Oh ! — 'tis his Zelica's life-blood that flows ! " I meant not, Azim," soothingly she said. As on his trembling arm she lean'd her head, And, looking in his face, saw anguish there Beyond all wounds the quivering flesh can bear — " I meant not thou shouldst have the pain of this ; — Though death, with thee thus tasted, is a bliss Thou wouldst not rob me of, didst thou but know How oft I've pray'd to God I might die so ! But the Fiend's venom was too scant and slow ; — To linger on were maddening — and I thought If once that Veil— nay, look not on it— caught The eyes of your fierce soldiery, I should be Struck by a thousand death-darts instantly. But this is sweeter— oh ! believe me, yes — I would not change this sad, but dear caress. This death within thy arms I would not give For the most smiling life the happiest live ! All, that stood dark and drear before the eye Of ray stray'd soul, is passing swiftly by ; A light comes o'er me from those looks of love, Like the first dawn of mercy from above ; And if thy lips but tell me I'm forgiven, Angels will echo the blest words in Heaven ! But live, my Azim ; — oh ! to call thee mine Thus once again ! my Azim — dream divine I Live, if thou ever lovedst me, if to meet Thy Zelica hereafter would be sweet, — Oh, live to pray for her — to bend the knee Morning and night before that Deity, To whom pure lips and hearts without a stain, As thine are, Azim, never breathed in vain, — And pray that He may pardon her, — may take Compassion on her soul for thy dear sake. And nought remembering but her love to thee. Make her all thine, all His, eternally ! Go to those happy fields where first we twin'd Our youthful hearts together — every wind That meets thee there, fresh from the well-known flowers Will bring the sweetness of those innocent hours Back to thy soul, and thou mayst feel again For thy poor Zelica as thou didst then. So shall thy orisons, like dew that flies To heaven upon the morning's sunshine, rise With all love's earliest ardour to the skies ! And should they — but, alas, my senses fail — Oh, for one minute ! — should thy prayers prevail — If pardon'd souls may from that World of Bliss Reveal their joy to those they love in this, — I'll come to thee — in some sweet dream — and tell — O Heaven — I die — dear love ! farewell, farewell. Time fleeted — years on years had pass'd away, And few of those who, on that mournful day. Had stood, with pity in their eyes, to see The maiden's death, and the youth's agony, Were living still— when, by a rustic grave Beside the swift Amoo's transparent wave, An aged man, who had grown aged there By that lone grave, morning and night in prayer, For the last time knelt down — and, though the shade Of death hung dark'ning over him, there play'd A gleam of rapture on his eye and cheek. That brighten'd even Death — like the last streak Of intense glory on th' horizon's brim. When night o'er all the rest hangs chill and dim, — His soul had seen a Vision, while he slept ; She for, whose spirit he had pray'd and wept So many years, had come to him, all dresst In angel smiles, and told him she was blest I For this the old man breath'd his thanks, and died — And there, upon the banks of that loved tide, He and his Zelica sleep side by side. LALLA ROOKH. 33 The story of the Veiled Prophet of Khorassan being ended, they were now doomed to hear Fadladeen's criticisms upon it. A series of disappointments and accidents had occurred to this learned Chamberlain during the journey. In the first place, those couriers stationed, as in the reign of Shah Jehan, between Delhi and the Western coast of India, to secure a constant supply of mangoes for the Royal Table, had, by some cruel irregularity, failed in their duty ; and to eat any mangoes but those of Mazagong was, of course, impossible.^ In the next place the elephant, laden with his fine antique porcelain, 2 had in an unusual fit of liveliness, shattered the whole set to pieces : — an irreparable loss, as many of the vessels were so exquisitely old as to have been used under the Emperors Yan and Chun, who reigned many ages before the dynasty of Tang. His Koran too, supposed to be the identical copy between the leaves of which Mahomet's favourite pigeon used to nestle, had been mislaid by his Koran-bearer three whole days ; not without much spiritual alarm to Fadladeen, who, though professing to hold with other loyal and orthodox Mussulmans, that salvation could only be found in the Koran, was strongly suspected of believing in his heart that it could only be found in his own particular copy of it. When to all these grievances is added the obstinacy of the cooks, in putting the pepper of Canara into his dishes instead of the cinnamon of Serendib, we may easily suppose that he came to the task of criticism with, at least, a sufficient degree of irritability for the purpose. " In order," said he, importantly swinging about his chaplet of pearls, " to convey with clearness my opinion of the story this young man has related, it is necessary to take a review of all the stories that have ever " " My good Fadladeen ! " exclaimed the Princess, interrupting him, " we really do not deserve that you should give yourself so much trouble. Your opinion of the poem we have just heard will, I have no doubt, be abundantly edifying, without any further waste of your valuable erudition." " If that be all," replied the critic, evidently mortified at not being allowed to show how much he knew about everything but the subject immediately before him ; — " if that be all that is required, the matter is easily despatched." He then proceeded to analyse the poem, in that strain (so well known to the unfortunate bards of Delhi) whose censures were an infliction from which few recovered, and whose very praises were like the honey extracted from the bitter flowers of the aloe. The chief personages of the story were, if he rightly understood them, an ill-favoured gentleman, with a veil over his face ; — a young lady, whose reason went and came according as it suited the poet's convenience to be sensible or otherwise ; and a youth in one of those hideous Bucharian bonnets, who took the aforesaid gentleman in a veil for a Divinity. " From such materials," said he, " what can be expected ? — After rivalling each other in long speeches and absurdities, through some thousands of lines as indigestible as the filberts of Berdaa, our friend in the veil jumps into a tub of 1 " The celebrity of Mazagong is owing to its mangoes, wliich are certainly the best fruit I ever tasted. The parent-tree, from which all those of this species have been grafted, is honoured during the fruit-season by a guard of sepoys ; and, in the reign of Shah Jehan, couriers were stationed between Delhi and the Mahratta coast, to secure an abundant and fresh supply of man- goes for the royal table." — Mrs. Graham's Journal of a Residence in India. 2 " This old porcelain is found in digging, and if it is esteemed, it is not because it has acquired any new degree of beauty in the earth, but because it has retained its ancient beauty ; and this alone is of great importance in China, where they give large sums for the smallest vessels which were used under the Emperors Yan and Chun, who reigned many ages before the dynasty of Tang, at which time porcelain began to be used by the Emperors " (about the year 442). — Dun's Collection of Curious Observations, &c. ; a bad translation of some parts of the Leftres Edifiantes et Curieuses of the Missionary Jesuits. F 34 MOORE S POETICAL WORKS. aqua-fortis ; the young lady dies in a set speech, whose only recommendation is that it is her last ; and the lover lives on to a .good old age, for the laudable purpose of seeing her ghost, which he at last happily accomplishes and expires. This, you will allow, is a fair summary of the story ; and if Nasser, the Arabian merchant, told no better, our Holy Prophet (to whom be all honour and glory !) had no need to be jealous of his abilities for story-telling." ^ With respect to the style, it was worthy of the matter ; — it had not even those politic contrivances of structure, which make up for the commonness of the thoughts by the peculiarity of the manner, nor that stately poetical phraseology by which sentiments mean in themselves, like the blacksmith's ^ apron converted into a banner, are so easily gilt and embroidered into consequence. Then, as to the versification, it was, to say no worse of it, execrable : it had neither the copious flow of Ferdosi, the sweetness of Hafez, nor the sententious march of Sadi ; but appeared to him, in the uneasy heaviness of its movements, to have been modelled upon the gait of a very tired dromedary. The licences too in which it indulged were unpardonable ; for instance this line, and the poem abounded with such : — . Like the faint exquisite music of a dream. "What critic that can count," said Fadladeen, " and has his full complement of fingers to count withal, would tolerate for an instant such syllabic superfluities ? " — He here looked round and discovered that most of his audience were asleep ; while the glimmering lamps seemed inclined to follow their example. It became necessary, therefore, however painful to himself, to put an end to his valuable animadversions for the present, and he accordingly concluded, with an air of dignified candour, thus : — " Notwithstanding the observations which I have thought it my duty to make, it is by no means my wish to discourage the young man : — so far from it, indeed, that if he will but totally alter his style of writing and thinking, I have very little doubt that I shall be vastly pleased with him." Some days elapsed, after this harangue of the Great Chamberlain, before Lalla RooKH could venture to ask for another story. The youth was still a welcome guest in the pavilion ; — to one heart, perhaps, too dangerously welcome — but all mention of poetry was, as if by common consent, avoided. Though none of the party had much respect "for Fadladeen, yet his censures, thus magisterially delivered, evidently made an impression on them all. The Poet himself, to whom criticism was quite a new operation (being wholly unknown in that Paradise of the Indies, Cashmere), felt the shock as it is generally felt at first, till use has made it more tolerable to the patient ; — the Ladies began to suspect that they ought not to be pleased, and seemed to conclude that there must have been much good sense in what Fadladeen said, from its having set them all so soundly to sleep ; — while the self-complacent Chamberlain was left to triumph in the idea of having, for the hundred and fiftieth time in his life, extinguished a Poet. Lalla Rookh alone — and Love knew why — persisted in being delighted with all she had heard, and in resolving to hear more as speedily as possible. Her manner, i"La lecture de ces Fables plaisoit si fort aux Arabes, que, Nasser la malediction de Mahomet et de tous ses disciples." quand Mahomet les entretenoit de I'Histoire de 1' Ancien Ttstament, D' Herbeloi. ils les raeprisoient, lui disant que celles que Nasser leur racon- ^xhe blacksmith Gao, who successfully resisted the tyrant toient etoient beaucoup plus belles. Cette preference attira a Zohak, and whose apron became the Royal Standard of Persia. LALLA ROOKH. 35 however, of first returning to the subject was unlucky. — It was while they rested during the heat of noon near a fountain, on which some hand had rudely traced those well known words from the Garden of Sadi, — " Many, like me, have viewed this fountain, but they are gone, and their eyes are closed for ever ! " — that she took occasion, from the melancholy beauty of this passage, to dwell upon the charms of poetry in general. " It is true," she said, " few poets can imitate that sublime bird, which flies always in the air, and never touches the earth : ^ — it is only once in many ages a Genius appears, whose words, like those on the Written Mountain,^ last for ever : — but still there are some, as delightful, perhaps, though not so wonderful, who, if not stars over our head, are at least flowers along our path, and whose sweetness of the moment we ought gratefully to inhale, without calling upon them for a brightness and a durability beyond their nature. In short," continued she, blushing, as if conscious of being caught in an oration, " it is quite cruel that a poet cannot wander through his regions of enchantment, without having a critic for ever, like the Old Man of the Sea, upon his back ! "^ — Fadladeen, it was plain, took this last luckless allusion to himself, and would treasure it up in his mind as a whetstone for his next criticism. A sudden silence ensued ; and the Princess, glancing a look at Feramorz, saw plainly she must wait for a more courageous moment. But the glories of Nature and her wild, fragrant airs, playing freshly over the current of youthful spirits, will soon heal even deeper wounds than the dull Fadladeens of this world can inflict. In an evening or two after, they came to the small Valley of Gardens, which had been planted by order of the Emperor for his favourite sister Rochinara, during their progress to Cashmere, some years before ; and never was there a more sparkling assemblage of sweets, since the Gulzar-e-Irem, or Rose-bower of Irem. Every precious flower was there to be found, that poetry, or love, or religion has ever consecrated ; from the dark hyacinth, to which Hafez compares his mistress's hair,^ to the Cdma/afd,^ by whose rosy blossoms the heaven of Indra is scented. As they sat in the cool fragrance of this delicious spot, and Lalla Rookh remarked that she could fancy it the abode of that Flower-loving Nymph whom they worship in the temples of Kathay,^ or of one of those Peris, those beautiful creatures of 1 " The Huma, a bird peculiar to the East. It is supposed to fly constantly in the air, and never touch the ground ; it is looked