!|'!'flll?|fl||{| 1 1' I M WMi *" ■>!.tilM:!.;-l';.',| E78B3a CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME OF THE SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND GIVEN IN 1891 BY HENRY WILLIAMS SAGE THE MEMORIAL RECORD ESSEX, TERMONT PSEPAEEB BY L O BUTLEB,, M D .BUBLINGTON STYLES, BOOK AND JOB PEINTEll. 1866. F PEEFACE. At the annual town meeting held March 6, 1866, the following Memqeial Ebooed was read, and on motion of D. H. Macomber, Esq., the Selectmen of the town were directed to procure the printing of not less than SIX HUNDEBf copies of the same, and as many more as shall be subscribed for by individuals ; one copy to be distributed to each family in town. In compliance with this vote, the following pages, gathered partly from oral commijnications, but mainly from official records, and woven together amid the active duties of professional life, are herewith presented to the people of the town. MEMORIAL RECOED. »'•• Eepeated iiiBtances of patriotic devotion to the " Flag of our Union" have occurred in our history, since the war of the Eevolution made us as States " one and in- separable." The war with the mother country in 1812 — 14r, and with Mexico in a later day, are cases in point. In both, were exhibited the strong love of country and enthusiastic attachment to It, which has ever been a prominent characteristic of the American citizen. But none of these so stirred the utmost depths, or so enkindled to a flame the patriotism of tjie masses of the people, as when those thrilling words flashed along the wires of the Telegraph, on that bright Sabbath morning, April 14, 1861, ^^ Sumter has fallen. P^ It vibrated through every nerve and muscle. It quickened to a feverish glow the pulsations of every heart. It hushed the tumult of rancorous passions then culminating into ripened animosity. It imstinctively drew men of all parties and shades of political opinions together, and each found the heart of his fellow beating in unison with his own. Throughout the whole l^orth not a discordant note was heard or uttered. With unparalleled unanim- ity, the patriotism of the people rallied round the symbol of ourjiberty and nationality. "Not a star shall be stricken out ;" " not a stripe shall be erased from the dear old flag ;" Hhe Union^ it must and shall lepreserv- ^j" was the unanimous outburst of the patriotism and loyalty of a natioi\in peril from foes within iti'elf ; and the most natural expfession of that patriotism was to rally for the nation's defence, to repel invasion and to put down rebellion. Hardly, therefore, had the first calls for volunteers been promulgated, ere the ranks were fill- ed, and hearts that most joyfully kept ^'step to the music of the Union, the Constitution and the Laws," — ruth- lessly violated by those of our own household, — were marching away by thousands and tens of thousands, lamid tears and fearful forebodings, shouts and rejoicings, to defend^with their blood and their lives, the altars and fires of our beloved country. Old and young participa- ted in the patriotic enthusiasm. The scarred and war- worn veteran of former days, chafed in his age and wea- riness again to peril his life for the fiag under which he had marched to victory, — but the young, with lighter step and nimbler gait filled up the ranks before him. Fathers brought forward their sons, in many cases en- listiug with them. Mothers, with much the same spirit that animated the Spartan mothers of old, who gave their sons the war shield, and with patriotic bravery ordered them to bring it back, or themselves to be brought back upon it, ofi'ered up their ofi'spring upon the altar of an imperilled country. Each vied with the other ih prompt enthusiastic response to the country's call. Never, in all our history as a nation, was enthusi- asm more enthusiastic, patriotism more patriotic, or loyalty more intensely loyal. The integrity of the Union, the symbolic representatign of our freedom and national- ity, assailed by armed rebellion in our midst, were the dragon's teeth, sown by that unnatural and un&ightly monster mcession, from which sprung the armed hosts of patriotism and bravery, which have brought to us of this day, the blessings of peace and a restored Union. In this conflict, now so happily terminated, this town has borne an honorable and praise- worthy part. It has had representatives m nearly every regiment that has been raised in the State, and in a large proportion of the hardest-fought battle fields. A few have been buried upon the field of victory they helped to win. Some have found a resting-place among their kindred at home. Some have brought back the evidences of their valor in the wounds they received upon the battle-field, and in the mutilation of their persons. Many have passed unscathed through all the perils of camp a'nd battle and prison. Most of them have merited the gratitude of their townsmen, and we to-day place upon enduring record their bravery and their patriotism. Over the dead let us shed the tear of condolence and sympathy, and erect for them in our hearts, a monument which shall hold their names in lasting and grateful remembrance. For the wounded and those who have returned to us unscathed, let us wreathe for their brow^ an unfading diadem of honor and affection from a grateful people. Immediately upon the breaking out of the rebelliouj the President of the United States made requisition 6 upon the Governor of Vermont, April 15, 1861, for its quota of seventy-five thousand State Militia, to be mustered into the service of the United States for the term of three months. In compliance "with this requisition Governor Holbrook ordered all the uniform- ed companies organized under the then existing Militia Law of the State, to fill up their companies to the full quota, and appointed Eutland as the place of rendezvous. This order was promptly obeyed, and in a very short space of time the First Vermont Eegiment was ready for marching orders. In this regiment Essex had four representatives in the Howard Guards, of Bur- lington, viz : Malcolm G, Frost, Clark W. Bates, Heman Austin and Edgar A. Beach. To Mr. Beach belongs the honor of being the first to enter the ranks from this 'town, and for his promptness and patriotism in respond- ing to the call, he received a gratuity of one hundred dollars, ofi'ered by Byron Stevens, Esq., to the first vol- unteer from Essex. Mr. Austin presenting himself for enlistment but a short time afterwards, received a like gratuity from Mr. Loomis of Burlington, in consideration of care for his son then just enlisting. The regiment was mustered into service May 2, 1861, and was discharged Aug. 15, 1861. During the succeeding summer months; under the proclamation of the President for volunteers for three years, the Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Eegi- ments were rapidly organized and sent forward. West- ley Hazelton having been appointed recruiting oflScer with his headquarters at Essex Centre proceeded to enlist a company, which, under himself as Captain, became Company I of the Sixth Kegiment. In this regiment Essex was largely represented during the war, and by some of her best and most active young men whose names we now place on record. September 4, 1861, Albert and George Austin enlist» ed, the former of whom died December 11, of the same year, the latter, George, was promoted Corporal May 12, 1865, served through the war, and was mustered out June 26, 1865. Eeuben Austin enlisted September 25, 1861, and died August 2, 1862. Elias E, Austin enlisted August 6, 1861, was wounded in the foot at Spottsylva- nia Court House May 10, 1865 ; promoted CorporalJune 19, 1865, and was mustered out June 26, 1865. Norman A.Baker, an only son, around whom centered the fondest hopes of doting parents, enlisted October 2, 1861, and died in the Hospital January 9, 1862. Willard F. Blood enlisted Sept. 9, 1861, and was discharged March 8, 1863. Lowell S. Bradley, enlisted as Musician, August 28, 1861, was sick in Hospital at Philadelphia, and was discharged July 1, 1862. He afterwards re-enlisted in the Invalid Corps, went to Washington and died in the Government Insane Asylum. George H. Brown enlisted September 4, 1861, re-enlisted December 15, 1863, was promoted Corporal January 1, 1864, was wounded in the Battle of the Wilderness, May 5, 1864, at about four P. M. of that day. He lay on the ground between the lines of 8 battle all night, and until nine next day. Up to twelve o'clock P. M., he received an occasional drink of water from soldiers who were searching among the dead and woiinded for their comrades, but asidQ from that nothing till he was carried off to the Field Hospital. After he was wounded the Union lines were broken, and he lay midway between. On the morning of the 2d day the Union -line of battle was extended over him, but scarcely had he been carried off the field, ere the Union forces were again driven back, and the rebels occupied the ground on which he la^ wounded. He was wounded in the thigh, producing a compound fracture of the femur. After he fell he received five wounds ; a bad one in the hip, from which the ball was extracted from the' under side of the thigh on the 16th of May, and was found to be flattened and one portion of it turned at right angles with the other. Another wound was in his back, two on his leg and ankle, and one on his head. At the Field Hospital one only of his wounds was dressed. He was about two days in the ambulance on the road to Frede- ricksburgh, every jar of which added keenness to his suf- ferings. On the 20th of May he arrived at Washington, where the Surgeon, not supposing he could survive, did not set his broken limb till the 2d day of June, nearly a month after the battle, when, seeing the recuperating energies of his system were strongly and vigorously as- serting their supremacy, his limb was carefully dressed and splintered, and on the 5th day of May, 1865, the anniversary of his terrible sufferings, he was honorably discharged from the service. His repeated wounds are a 9 living and honorable testimonial of his faithful service in our country's cause. Thomas Casey enlisted September 9, 1861, and to his everlasting disgrace, deserted August 1, 1862. Timothy W. Downer enlisted August 29, 1861, was electedJCorpo- ral of the company upon its organization ; was^wounded at Savage Station, Yirginia, June 29, 186^, by apiec^' of shell in the right eye, putting^it entirely out; taken prisoner June 30, and was confined in Belle Island prison until August 3, 1861 ; then paroled and^taken to Point Lookout and exchanged December 26, 1862. He was dis- charged August 27, 1863. Williana B. Dunlop enlisted September 8, 1861 ; was also Corporal; September 1, 1863 was transferred to the Invalid Corps. Christopher C. Fisher enlisted August 24, 1861, and was mustered out October 28, 1864:. "Westley Hazelton organized Company I, Sixth Eegiment, went out with it as Captain, resigned his commission January 17, 1862, and returned home. Merrill S. Kendall enlisted into Company H, Second Eegiment Sharp Shooters, December 7th, 1861, and was discharged December 13, 1862, Euel B. Mellen enlisted August 23, 1861 ; died July 5, 1862. Henry T. Mo.sele}'' enlisted August 23, 1861 ; was one of the Cor- porals in the organization of the Company ; was promo- ted Sergeant December 3, 1863 ; re-enlisted December 15, 1863 ; and was killed at Spottsylvania May 12, 1864. He was wounded by a piece of shell in the groin at the battle of Savage Station, Yirginia; taken prisoner and 10 was in the Belle Isle Prison three months, where he suf- fered every thing but 'death ; when paroled he was too weak to walk to the boat. He was in all the battles in which the Sixth Eegiment participated until the time and place above mentioned, where he was killed instant- ly by a shot through the head. John B. and George W. Page both enlisted December 18, 1861, in the Sev- enth Eegiment, Company A, which was ordered to New Orleans, Louisiana. One died July 21, 1862, the other September 16. Leander Poquett enlisted August 23, 1861. Ee-enlisted for Williston December 15,1863;; was killed instantly by a ball through the head at Charles- town, Yirginia, August 21, 1864, Nelson A, Prior en- listed September 8, 1861, and was discharged December 9, 1862. William Prior enlisted September 9, 1861 ; died December 26, 1862. Alexander Eenouf enlisted September 21, 1861 ; died December 10, 1861. James and John Eyan both enlisted May 7, 1861, in the Second Eepi^ment, Company G. James died May 12, 1863. John passed unscathed through all the battles under General McClellan around Eichmond, braved the miasms of the Chickahomany ; followed the fortunes of the brave Army of the Potomac in all its wanderings and meander- ings, until the battle of the Wilderness, where he was wounded. Having served one term he re-enlisted Jan- uary 31, 1864, for a second, and was discharged June 13, 1865. George H. Scribner enlisted December 18, 1861, in the Seventh Eegiment, Company A; and was dis- charged October 10, 1862. Oscar A. Scribner, his father, enlisted August 23, 1861, in Company I, 11 Sixth Eegiment; re-enlisted December 15, 1863, an'd was instantly killed in the battle of the Wilderness, May 5, 1864 Louis Tatro enlisted December 18, 1861-5 ill Company A, Seventh Eegiment, and was discharged June 0, 1863. Frank L. Taylor enlisted in Company A, Second Eegiment, May 20, 1861, and was discharged April 4th, 1864:. Frank B. Warner enlisted December 10, 1861, in Company E, Seventh Eegiment ; was promoted Corporal ; re-enlisted February 17, 1864^ discharged April 12, 1865. Lyman S. Williams enlisted September 26, 1861; promoted Sergeant; re-enlisted December 15, 1863 ; promoted Second Lieutenant Com- pany C, May 15, 1864 ; First Lieutenant Company I, October 29, 1864; Captain Cortipany I, November 12, 1864; mustered out June 26, 1865. Captain Williams was in all the battles in which the Vermont Brigade participated, save in those of Lee's Mills and the s^ond battle of Fredericksburgh, and was slightly wotoded in the battle of Oharlestown, Yirginia. In September of this year, Colonel Lemuel B. Piatt received orders from the War Department to recruit and organize a Eegiment of Cavalry to serve three years. Its Companies were speedily filled up and the Eegiment ws-s mustered into service November 19, 1861. In the organization of this Eegiment Essex was represented by two individuals, both enlisting in Company A ; Malcolm G. Frost, September 16; and William B. Eenouf, Sep- tembea;17. Both were discharged November 18, 1864, having served their full time, 12 ||The Cavalry arm of the service proved to be a most effectual and important one, and a position in the Ver- mont Cavalry was no sinecure. Such was their unceas- ing activity that the remark has been frequently made that they were never out of their saddles. Mr, Frost went out as Corporal, but was soon promoted to the po- sition of Sergeant. On the 5th day of ]N"ovember5 1862, he was taken prisoner at a skirmish near Warrenton, Virginia, and was for nearly a month confined in Libby Prison at Eichmond, Virginia, before he was paroled. During his imprisonment he was treated very well, but slibjected to the prison fare, which was not, as he ex- presses it, well calculated to promote the most vigorous health. The daily diet was a piece of salt boiled beef about two inches square, about ten ounces of good bread and a pint of bean soup made by boiling a few beans in a large quantity of water, and without seasoning of any kind. He was exchanged in March following, and re- turned to his Kegiment, participating again in that cease- less stir and strife which characterized the Cavalry, Du- ring the last year of his service he was the color-bearer of his Company, At the battle of Tom's Brook the Union Cavalry had been overpowered by numbers, and com- pelled to retreat. As they were on this retreat, in pass- ing through a piece of woods, his horse having become somewhat restive and unmanageable, the overhanging limbs knocked the colors from his hand and dropped them upon the ground. Bravely determining not to leave his colors in the hands of the rebels, nor to have his native State disgraced by their loss, he coolly dis- 13 mounted from his horse in the face of the rapidly ap- proaching foe, picked up the colors and mounting his steed barely saved himself from being taken prisoner, and bore aloft the colors in triumph. Had there been five thousand dollars in gold on the ground at that spot, he would not have risked his life to have obtained it, but to save the dear old flag, under and for which he had fought so many battles, from falling into the hands of those who sought to trample it in the dust, he wouM bravely face^'any danger, A day or two subsequent to the incident we have just related, the Union Cavalry were again on the'^^advance, and, the Vermont Cavalry in the centre, were formed in line of battle to attack the rebel Cavalry in a strong position they held at a place called Mount Olive, The order to charge was met by a terribly galling fire of grape and canister and carbines from the rebel position, which broke the Union lines and threw them into confusion. Meanwhile the rebel line seemed as much broken and confused as our own, so fu- rious was the onset. Conspicuous among the men whose bravery and gallantry rallied the Union forces in this critical juncture, and turned the tide of victory against the exultant rebels, was Sergeant Frost, and his name is honorably mentioned in the dispatches which will trans- mit to posterity the remembrance of the 9th day of October, 1863. Branscom Perrigo enlisted December 11, 1861, as musician in Company A, Seventh Eegiment, and died October 3, 1861. Magney Campbell also enlisted in the 14 same Eegiment and Company, January 17,1862, and died July 4, of the same year. Myron Owen enlisted February 11, 1862, in the same Eegiment, and^^ was Second Sergeant of Company E. He re-enlisted Febru- ary 15, 1864, and so far as is at present known, is the only man of the original enlistments into that Eegiment from this town, who has been able to stand*the vicissi- tudes of the climate. All the others have either died or been discharged from service. He was mustered out of service March 14, 1866, with his Eegiment. John Chase enlisted as wagoner February 8, 1862, in Company F, Eighth Eegiment, and was mustered out of service June 22, 1864. John H. Bell enlisted May Y, 1861, in Company G, Second Eegiment, was slightly wounded in the groin, and was mustered out June 29, 1864. The individuals whose names we have thus passed in review, enlisted without any other bounty than such as the Government offered them. The novelty of the war, and the crude notions then entertained by many in regard to the magnitude of the rebellion, gave some eclat to the idea of enlistment, but above all the enthusiasm and entire unanimity with whidh men of all political opinions joined in sustaining the administration in its determin- ation to vindicate the majesty of the Laws, and to bring back the People of the rebellious States to their proper 15 allegiance, contributed most to swell the tide of ontgush- ing patriotism, which threatened to almost depopulate the iN'orth, by taking its entire arms-bearing population, old and young, into the army of the Union. Eecruiting Offices were crowded to overflowing. Almost any one that planted the stars and stripes in the streets, or flung it to the breeze from a window, would gather aroiind him a crowd, eager to march under its ample folds. The strains of martial music, made up of fife and drum only, had more attractions than the most elaborate opera. Crowds left their business in the work-shop, the store, the counting-room, the mill, the loom, the plough, the anvil, the bar and the pulpit, to witness their enthusiastic patriotism and devotion to the Union, by enlisting in its defence when in danger. So great was the rush that arms and ammunition and clothing could hardly be sup- plied. Kequisitions for troop&were filled as soon as they were made, and when the order was issued to shut up recruiting offices and stop enlistments, there were hun- dreds of thousands more in the ranks than had been ask- ed for. As in other places, so in Essex, the order to stop enlistments disappointed many anxious expectants. But the rebellion did not stop. It^loomed up all along the southern horizon, larger, stronger and more exacting. It asstfmed the gigantic proportions of a stern reality — a thing which had blows to give as well as take, and which must be met hand to hand, face to face. In a few short 16 mojiths, therefore, it became evident that more troops VP:ould be required. The TJnion forces were rapidly becoming decimated by the casualties incident to cli- mate and position, wearisome marches and hardships. The ranks must be filled. But the enthusiasm which had swelled the Union army to a mighty host, till officials cried " hold, enough !" was now somewhat abated, and some gther appliances must be devised to fill up the quotas under the new and repeated calls for men which were likely to be made. The Gov- ernment pays bounties to encourage enlistments; why should not Towns add to those bounties and thereby avoid the offiSnsive draft, aid themselves, the indi\5iduals who enlist, and the Government besides, all, at the same time. ' Opinions differed widely in regard to the policy of paying such bounties. It was thought by some to be destructive to that spirit of patriotism which ought to animate -the soul and control the action of every American- in this hour of his country's danger. By others it was thought eminently proper and humane that the man who placed his life and health in jeopardy for his country, should be rewarded for his self-sacrifice, not only by the gratitude of those who remained at home, but also by some pecuniary reward. Merely selfish considerations may have controlled the decision of the question by many ; to others, the payment of boun- ties seemed a matter of necessity, absolute and positive, if the People of the Town desired to avoid a draft,— always odious to a free people and seldom used unflter any, but monarchical governments. Hence Town pride may 17 have been a consideration with some. But yet, what- ever were these differences of opinion, they were blended in the one absorbing and paramount idea of sustaining the Government in its efforts to suppress rebellion and restore rightful authority. Accordingly, when the first Town Meeting to de- cide the question whether bounties should be raised** or not was held, August 30, 1862, the question was settled with few dissenting voices, that Essex would not be outdone by its neighbors, either in paying boun- ties or avoiding drafts. The vote passed at this meeting gave a bounty of one hundred dollars to each volunteer who should enlist to fill up the quota assigned to Essex, and imposed a tax of seventy-five cents on a dollar of the Grand List to pay the same. The tax thus raised, how- ever, was found to be illegal, inasmuch as no authority was invested in Towns to raise money by a tax upon the Grand List of the Town, for any other than Town pur- poses. This defect was remedied by the Legislature which met in October following, and on January 3, 1863, the Town, at a Town Meeting legally warned and assembled, treating the meeting of August 2, 1862, as null and void, imposed the tax mentioned just above. Meanwhile, considering the question of bounty settled by the vote of August 30, 1862— a few individuals gen- erously pledging themselves to indemnify the Selectmen for their action in the premises — the (juota of the Town, (twenty-iiine,) under the call of July 10, 1862, for two 18 hundred thousand men, was rapidly filled, and the recruits were all mustered iu previous to October 1, of that year, as follows : Alpha M. Austin enlisted July 25, 1862, in the Tenth Regiment, Company B, as wagoner, and died August 18, 1863. Heman Austin re-enlisted August 25, 1862, in Company H, Second Eegiment Sharp Shooters, and was transferred to Invalid Corps September 1, 1863. Edgar A, Beach re-enlisted August 21, 1862, in the same Eegiment and Company ; was promoted Corporal March 12, 1864:; to Second Lieutenant Oct. 11, 1864; trans- ferred to Company H, Fourth Vermont, February 25, 1865 ; promoted to Second Lieutenant Company A, Fourth Vermont, June 4, 1865 ; mustered out as Corpo- ral Company H, Fourth Vermont, June 19, 1865. This detail of promotions and transferments, though run- ning over a space of nearly three years in time, yet reveals nothing of the daily life of the soldier in active service, , — nothing of the privations and hardships ; nothing of the anxieties and forebodings ; nothing of the toilsome, wearisome marches in an enemy's country ; nothing of the sleepless nights, or of the exposures to storms and rains as well as to disease and bullets ; — which form the sdm and substance of the soldier's camp history. We occasionally get glimpses of them from those who have passed through them, but they are only inklings of the reality. In the case of Lieutenant Beach we have an 19 illustration of these remarks. He was wounded in the right thigh on the 2Tth of October, 1864, at the battle of Boydton Plank Eoad, Virginia. Se lay on the battle- field without covering of any kind, without any thing to eat, and, of course without having his wound dressed, for five days. His sufferings were great, for during the first night it rained very hard. At the expiration of this time he was picked up by the rebels and taken to the Confederate Hospital, "Washington street, Petersburgh," Virginia, where he remained seven days. Here he received good treatment and had plenty to eat. From thence he was taken toEichmond and confined in Libby Prison Hospital. While in this prison he suffered con- siderably, but much less than many others of his com- rades did ; for making himself kaown as a member of the Masonic fraternity, he found friends who ministered to his wants. Whilst laying upon the field of battle he was robbed of what money he had, his knife, pocket-book, two gold pens and case — and in fact every thing he had, even to a half-cent he had carried some ten years. On the 5th day of February, 1865, he was paroled. Truman W. Blood enlisted August 21, 1862, He was lost overboard and drowned, as a portion of the Vermont Kegiments were on their way to New York City, August 18, 1863, James Bagley enlisted August 21, 1862, and was transferred to the Invalid Corps September 1, 1863, whence he was discharged. Henry S. Bradley eiilisted in Ninth Eegiment, Company F, Jfine 14, 1862 ; died 20 October 1 of the same year. Elias L. Brown ell enlisted June 11, 1862, also in Ninth Regiment, Company F, where he was promoted to the post of Sergeant ; thence to Second Lieutenant, December 22, 1863; thence to First Lieutenant, March 13, 1865; transferred to Com- pany C, June 13, 1865 ; promoted to Captain of the same Company July 3, 1«65 ; and mustered out with his Reg- iment. Thomas Callegan enlisted June 24, 1862, in Company F, Ninth Regiment, and was mustered out June 13, 1865. James Eurrett enlisted in the Second Regiment, Company A, August 21, 1862; mustered out June 19, 1865. Alfred L. Case enlisted August 25, 1862, in Company I, Sixth Regiment ; and was-mustered out with the Regiment. David H. Castle enlisted in the same Regiment andi Company, September 5, 1862 ; and was mustered out June 19, 1865. Mr. Castle was very severely wounded at the battle of the Wilderness, May 5, 1864, and was in hospital confined to his bed nearly two months. On the 6th day of October he returned to his Regiment, and was in the battle of Fredericksburgh Heights, Funkstown, Md., Gainsville, Rappahannock Station, Brandy Station, and Petersburg, Virginia, George Chase re-enlisted August 21, 1862, in Company H, Second Regiment Sharp Shooters ; was transferred to Company H, Fourth Regiment, February 25, 1865 ; mustered out May 23, 1865. Stephen Cox enlisted in Company G, Second Regiment, August 19, 1862, and was discharged October 21 of the same year. Henry H. Cotawas mustered iufb the Sixth Regiment, Sept. 15, 1862, and took legt)ail for parts unknown the very next 21 night after. Cowards like hira should remain in parts unknown. William J. Domag enlisted August 5, 1862, in Company F, First Eegimeut Sharp Shooters, and was killed in the battle of the Wilderness, May 5, 1864. Richard Downs enlisted in Company K, Fifth Reg't, September 2, 1862. Joel Ellis enlisted in Company H, Second Regiment Sharp Shooters, August 30, 1862. Both these men received the Town Bounty of one hun- dred dollars each ; the one deserted August 27, 1863, the other December 15, 1862. John Fleming enlisted in Companyl, Sixth Regiment, September 2, 1862 ; died October 2, 1863. Hosea M. Gorton enlisted August 30, 1862, in Company E, Second Regiment ; died November 29th following. Of James Foley, Jr., who enlisted in Company K, Sixth Regiment, I have been able to find no trace reyond his mustering in. Amos Greely enl'sted in Company H, Second Reg- iment Sharp Shooters, August 22, 1862 ; was reported missing in action of May 8, 1864 ; afterwards returned to his Regiment, and transferred to Company H, Fourth Regiment; and was a paroled prisoner July 13, 1863. He was killed in the battle of the Wilderness, Myron D. Isham enlisted in Second Regiment, Company G, August 15, 1862 ; and was mustered out June 19, 1865. Lorton L. Lathrop was mustered into the service to the credit of the Town, September 15, 1862, but was dis- charged for physical disability. John Lavine enlisted March 20, 1862, in Second Regiment, Company A; re-enlisted April 13, 1864 ; and deserted May 19, 1864. Barney Mattiinore enlisted in Company I, Sixth Regi- 22 ment ; was promoted Corporal and Sergeant July 1, 1864; mustered out June 19, 1865. Norman J.Nichols enlisted in Company G, Second Regiment, August 28, 1862 ; was wounded in the right eye in the battle of the Wilderness, May 5, 1864, by which wound he loses the use of that eye ; he was discharged May 27, 1865, Lemuel B. Page enlisted August 30, 1862, in Company I, Sixth Regiment; mustered out with his Regiment, June 18, 1865. Joseph Peppin enlisted June 6, 1862, in Company F, Ninth Regiment, His Regiment was taken prisoners and paroled at the surrender of Harper's Ferry to the Confederate troops under "Stone- wall" Jackson, on the 15th day of September following. He was promoted Corporal January 1, 1865 ; and mus- tered out June 13, 1865. George W. Prior enlisted August 1, 1862, in Company I, Sixth Regiment ; dis- charged January 25, 1864. Oiynan P. Ray enlisted August 30, 1862, in Company G, Second Regiment; was promoted Sergeant Major November 1, 1864; Adjutant December 24, 1864; mustered out June 19, 1865, Mr. Ray served one-and-a-half years in the office of Assistant Quartermaster of Volunteers, and six months in Assist- ant Adjutant General's Office, both at Headquarters Second Brigade, Second Division, Sixth Army Corps, Army of the Potomac. Daniel Raymond enlisted August 30, 1862, in Company I, Sixth Regiment; was transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps December 20, 1864; was stationed at St. Albans during the raid upon that place ; and was mustered out July 3d, 1865. Loyal Remington enlisted August 28, 1862, in Company G, 23 Second Regiment; and was discharged March 10, 1S63. Albert F. Sawyer enlisted in Company L, First Cavalry, August 15, 1862; died in Richmond, Virginia, September, 1863. Alfred F. Sawyer enlisted Juno 9, 1862, in Com- pany F, Ninth Regiment; died August 30, 1862. Han- nibal Tichout enlisted in Company II, Second Regiment Sharp Shooters, August 22, 1862 ; and died September 2G, 1863. George W. Tubbs enlisted in Company I, Sixth Regiment, August 30, 1862 ; and was mustered out June 19, 1865. Nathan A. Williams enlisted June 9, 1862, in Company F, Ninth Regiment ; and was mustered in as Sergeant of the Company. His Regiment after its surrender and parole at Harper's Ferry, was stationed at Chicago, where it remained until ifs exchange ; February 15, 1864, Mr. Williams was trans- ferred to the Invalid Corps. Leonard S. Witherby enlisted as wagoner of Company F, Ninth Regiment, June 2, 1862 ; and was discharged October 23, 1862 ; re-enlisted as private in the same Regiment and Company for three years under the call of October 17, 1863 ; was transferred to Company B June 13, 1866 ; and mustered out with the Regiment. Mr, Witherby received the hundred-dollar Town Bounty for his first enlistment, and a Town Bounty of three hundred and fifty dollars for the last, and was among the fortunate ones in escaping casu- alties. Norman Woodworth enlisted in Company I, Sixth Regiment, August 31, 1862 ; was promoted Corpo- ral January 1, 1864 ; was wounded in the shoulder at the battle of the Wilderness, May 6, 1864, late in the day ; walked five miles to Fredericksburg Hospital 24 afterwards, and was thence removed to McOlellan Gen- eral Hospital at Philadelphia, where he d|pd May 24, 1864. Under the act of Congress of March 3d, 1863, an en- rollment of all those liable to military duty in the several States, between the ages of twenty and forty-five, was ordered to be made. Under this law the offices of Provost Marshal General and of Deputies in each Congressional District, together with Boards of En- rollment and sundry minor offices, were created ; forming a complete net-work of military dignities, extending into almost every town in the State. In this enrollment two distinct classes were made ; the one, of those between twenty and thirty-five including all unmarried up to forty-five, the other, of those between thirty-five and forty-five and married. The latter class were not to be drafted till the former class was exhausted. The two classes were subse- quently merged into one. Under the original law a Draft was made at Burlington for the towns in this Congressional District, in July of the same year, to fill quota under the President's Proclamation for three hundred thousand men, and the following persons were drafted for Essex, viz : Edgar Ellsworth, William Fletch- er, Eev. Daniel Lewis, Charles McKiernan, Daniel L. Thompson, James F. Warner and Dwight S. Williams, each of whom paid the commutation fee of three hundred dollars. Edward S. Atherton, Carlos D. Bellows, Henry 25 Bixby, James Bixby, Charles Carty, H. W. Field, Enoch Howe and Timothy D. Sargent furnished substitutes ; and several were exempted for physical disability. This was the only Draft attempted during the war, save for a few towns that were delinquent in filling their quota. The only drafted man that entered the service from this Town was George Bates, in Company B, Second Regi- ment; he was discharged with the Eegiment July 15, 1865. Closely following the call for three hundred thousand men, the record of which we have just completed, the President made a requisition upon the Governor of Vermont for the immediate enlistment of flveEegiments of men for nine months' service. Under this call twelve young men enlisted from this Town into the Thirteenth Regiment, and were mustered into service on the 4th day of October 1862. They were as follows : Charleg W. Atherton ; Harmon H. Ballon, discharged February 28, 1863; George S. Bliss ; Cassius M. Booth, elected Corporal, promoted to First Sergeant March 3, 1863 ; Thomas Calvert, died May 17, 1863 ; Mark Day, elected Corporal ; James IS". Gates ; David T. Hard, wagoner; Alfred D. Olmstead ; Fred. A. Slater and Hall "Wood- worth, musicians. The latter died January 9, 1863, and his remains were brought home for interment. All save four of them were in the battle of Gettysburg, July 3, 1863, just previous to the expiration of their term of enlistment July 14, 1863, thus giving them an op- 26 portunity to see some active service before returning home. Special mention is made of the gallantry and bravery of the Thirteenth Regiment in the reports of the commanding General. Of a circumstance which occurred just after this battle, a Major General of the Army of the Potomac thus speaks : " After the battle of Gettysburg, when General Lee's ^anny was in the vicinity of Antietam, the Vermont ' Brigade was deployed as a skirmishing line, covering ' a point of neariy three miles. The enemy were in 'force in front near Beaver Creek. The Sixth Corps ' was held in readiness in rear of the skirmish line, anti- ' cipating a general engagement. The enemy had evi- ' dently determined to attack. At last his line of battle 'came forward. The batteries opened at once and the ' skirmishers delivered their fire. Our troops were on 'the alert and stood watching for the skirmishers to ' come in, and waiting to receive the coming assault, ' But the skirmishers would not come in ; and when the ' firing died away, it appeared that the Yermouters thus ' deployed as a skirmish line, had actually repulsed a 'full line-of-battle attack. Twice afterwards the enemy ' advanced to carry the position, and were again each 'time again driven back by this perverse skirmish line, ' The Vermonters it is true were strongly posted in a 'wood, and each man fired from behind a tree ; but ' then everybody knows that the etiquette in such mat- ' ters is for a skirmish line to come in so soon as thev ' are satisfied that the enemy means business. These 'simple-minded patriots from the Green Mountains, 27 " however, adopted a rule of tlieir own on this occasion ; '' and the enemy, disgusted with such stupidity, retired " across the Beaver Creek." The position they held was an important one, and un- derstanding this, they determined to maintain it, regard- less of all usage or danger. The Vern]pnt Brigade was never defeated in any bat tie, and were complimented for gallant conduct in every engagement in which they took part. Many times did their valor and unflinching bravery turn the tide of bat- tle against the enemy, and in some instances it is hardly too much to say, saved the Union army from disastrous defeat. " We are safe, then," was the reply of General Sheridan, when he found the Vermont troops were in the most hotly contested portion of the battle-field. And his confidence in their fighting qualities was well founded. The brilliant reputation they gained early in the war, was never tarnished to its close. They main- tained it through all their campaigns, bringing home with them the mementos of their gallantry and bravery, in the tattered and torn battle-flags which adorn the Legislative Halls of the State. The officers under whom the enlistments for this year (1862,) were made, were William B. Weston, Charles Nichols and George Gates, Selectmen of the Town, 28 During the period we have just passed in review, and also during the yefars 1863 and 4 War Meetings, so called, were frequently held in Town, and speakers from abroad were invited to address the People upon the subject of the war, and the importance of unabated efforts to sustain the Government in its determination to suppress the rebellion. These meetings were largely attended by old and young, male and female, and were greatly instru- mental in maintaining the enthusiasm in favor of the war, and of quickening the patriotism of the People in enlistment. Fresh impetus was always given to enlist- ments by these 43:atherings, especially among the younger class, who were not subject to the draft or enrollment. And it was from this class mainly that recruits were obtained, so that the number liable to draft in Town was not materially lessened during the war. Meanwhile the rebellion was scarcely shorn of any of its gigantic proportions, and another requisition was made by the President for three hundred thousand more men, on the 17th of October, 1863, with instructions that a draft should be made on the 5th day of January, 186il:, in case the men were not enlisted previous to that day. The question of bounties was now agitated with renew- ed vigor, and a Town Meeting was called to consider and determine the matter. It was held December 2, 1863, and was the occasion of an exciting, animated canvass, 29 in which strong opposition to the payment of bounties by the Town, was developed in both the political parties of the day. Expediency, and a desire to avoid the draft seemed to be the main elements in the decision, and the vote was carried — yeas Yl, nays 40 — to pay every volun- teer who shall enlist and be accepted previous to Janua- ry 5, 1864, the sum of three hundred and fifty dollars. The Selectmen were authorized to borrow a sum of money, not exceeding ten thousand dollars, to carry into effect the above vote, and a tax of one hundred cents on the dollar of the Grand List of the Town was ordered. As an inducement to the prompt payment of the tax four per cent, was voted to be deducted from it to those paying it within thirty days. This decisive action of the Town and large increase of bounties, was deemed neces- sary by the'action of other towns. A sharp competition between the towns had arisen, and the lagging patriot- ism of those who desired to enlist, but were waiting for the largest pecuniary inducement, needed, it was thought, this extra stimulus to inspire it for the pressing emergen- cy. No enlistments would take place without it, and it was doubtful whether recruits could be obtained with it. If none were procured no tax would be required. The number of men to be raised, including the deficiencies under former calls was large. The quota was twenty-five, the deficiency thirteen — the aggregate thirty-eight ; and the anxious inquiry was : Where are the men ? Who of all those enrolled and liable to the dreaded draft, will go? Armed with this large bounty and aided by the energies of a thoroughly loyal and patriotic people, the 30 Selectmen entered upon the task with commendable zeal and earnestness, and their labors were rewarded with the most triumphant success. The quota was filled and the draft, postponed from time to time, was finally averted. The individuals who enlisted under this call were as follows: George F. Atherton enlisted February 16, 1864 in the Seventeenth Regiment, Company B ; was sick in hospital August 13, 1864; and was mustered out July 14, 1865. John B. Atherton enlisted in the same Kegiment and Company, August 22, 1864 ; was wounded in the action of Spottsylvania, Virginia ; was in General Hospital, August 13, 1864; and was mustered out July 14, 1865. These men did not receive any Town bounty upon their enlistment but have received it since. Edgar S. Barber, enlisted December 24, 1863, in Company I, Sixth Ee^iraent ; was wounded in the wrist at the battle of the Wilderness, May 6, 1864; was transferred to Company G, January 1, 1865 ; and discharged June 29, 1865. He receives a small pension, Hiram J. Bishop enlisted in Company A Fifth Eegiment, January 5, 1864 ; and has been on detached service in the Navy since May. John Berwiu enlisted December 26, 1863, in the same Eegiment, Company A ; discharged June 29, 1865. James Casey enlisted December 28, 1863, in the Eighth Eegiment, Company D; and was mustered out June 28, 1865. Francis Cormea enjisted December 26, 1863, in the same Eegiment, Company F ; and was mustered out June 28, 1865. Joshua L. Day enlisted in the First Cavalry, December 28, 1863 ; was taken prisoner in the 31 battle of June 1, 1864 ; aud died at Andersonville, Geor- gia, October 7, 1864. Andersonville! a name which will go down to pos- terity as the personification of cruelty and inhumanity, unparalleled in all the annals of history. Only for the purpose of keeping in remembrance the enormous ex- penditure of suffering as well as blood-shed it has cost to preserve the integrity of the Union, do we allude to the worse than Black-Hole horrors of this infamous locality. It was never a town or a village, but simply an insig- nificant station on the Hailroad from Macon to Eutala, Georgia. The prison and the buildings which sprang up around it in consequence of the location of the prison there, were all there was of it. It was remote from human habitation ; fit place for " treason, stratagem and spoils ;" a place of more than ordinary security. The original enclosure consisted of nineteen acres, and was made in the unbroken woods, the timber being removed as it was required for the necessities of the prison. The enclosing stockade was made of pine logs placed end-wise in the ground close together, and was sufiiciently high to preclude the possibility of escape over it. It was built in January 1864, and during the ensuing summer was enlarged to twenty-five and three-fourths acres, forming an area of one thousand two hundred and ninety-five feet north and south by eight hundred and sixty-five feet east and west. The ground rises from the centre toward each end in rather a steep, rounded hill, A small stream of water — the only source from whence their supply of this indis- 32 pensable article was obtained— rising from springs a little to the eastward of the stockade, flows across it through the narrow valleys between the hills. The water from this stream was used for all the purposes of the prison, and was often rendered unfit for any use by the compost washed down by the rains. Like nearly all southern land, the soil is liable to be washed away by the rains, and rendered almost impassable by the depth of the mud, and on the slope of the hills within the enclosure, ravines now exist gullied to the depth of ten or twelve feet. In addition to these there still remain deep holes dug by the inmates to screen themselves from the broiling sun, or to obtain water. In this small space, and with this greatly insufficient supply of water, and yet within rifle shot of an abundance of an article so necessary to the sustenance of life and maintenance of health, thirty thousand Union prisoners were crowded, for the space of thirteen months. For this long period of time they had no shelter or protection from the changeable skies above, nor the pitiless, unfeeling earth beneath. A summer shower of only thirty minutes duration would make the entire hill sides — their sole abiding place — one rolling mass of slippery mud. The hill tops and sides were quite insufficient standing room — to say nothing of laying down — while the valley between was ever and anon tilled with the swollen brook, foul and loathsome from the de- bris of the soil, human evacuations and the greasy accu- mulations of cookery, all pouring into the little stream from which alone they could slake their burning thirst. In this scanty, shelterless, pitiful spot, parching to deep 33 Beams in the scorching sun, and sliding under their feet with every shower; gaunt famine stalking among them at noon-day and pestilence walking in their midst at night ; growing spectre-like from starvation thirst and disease ; fainting, scorched, drenched, scoffed at, scourged or shot for the least violation of the iron rules of their tyrannical oppressors — whether committed wittingly or unwittingly; hunted with blood-hounds if any escaped ; half clad — nay worse, clad scarcely at all, with neither a blanket nor a shelter under which to protect themselves from the storm, the heat or the cold — these brave defenders of our national flag — too brave and too heroic to desert the " stars and stripes " of the Union, or swear allegiance to the " stars and bars " of the Confederacy, even when death, in the most cruel form tyrannical ingenuity could invent seemed inevitable — these men suffered on patient- ly and with genuine heroism, till death relieved them of their untold misery, or till their prison doors were opened by the welcome sound of peace. The graves of thirteen thousand, near this southern lazaretto, attest the unshaken fidelity of the dead to their country ; and the other thousands, that with pallid and sunken cheeks, and forms attenuated to skeletons, covered with filth, alive with vermin, with gaping wounds that had never been dressed, filled with maggots, maimed, crazed, idiotic, worn and wasted by disease and want and starvation, were finally liberated from the bondage of their cruel task-masters, are living evidences of a loyalty which neither pre- sent nor future shall question. Who shall say that many of these precious lives might not have been saved, 34: and much of suffering and cruelty prevented, had the 63'stem of exchanges been uninterrupted. The future historian will decide on "whom this responsibility ought to rest Alfred L. Douglas enlisted in Co. I, Sixth Regiment, December 28, 1863; was wounded in the head in the action of the Wilderness, May C, 1864- ; promoted Corporal May 12, 1865 ; and mustered out June 26, 1865. Horace Fairfield enlisted in the same Company and Regiment; and was mustered out June 26, 1865, Nathaniel A. Hoyt, enlisted in Company G, Eleventh Regiment, December 14, 1863 ; was sick in General Hospital, August 31, 1864 ; and was discharged June 12, 1865. Mortimer Lister enlisted December 24, 1863, in Company I, Sixth Regiment ; was taken prisoner in the action of Cedar Creek, Virginia, and confined in the prison at Salisbury, N. C. ; where he died December 11, 1864. The sufferings of our brave boys in those southern charnel houses will never be fully realized. Clarence K. Mansfield enlisted in Company E, Eleventh Regiment, December 4, 1863 ; was wounded in the foot at the bat- tle of Cold Harbor, Virginia; transferred to Company D, June 24, 1865 , thence to Company A ; and mustered out, August 25, 1865. Seth A. Mansfield enlisted in Company F, NinthRegiment, after it had been exchang- ed, December 4, 1863; was promoted Corporal, Aug. 27, 1864; transferred to Company B June 13, 1865; pro- moted to Sergeant July 1, 1865 ; and mustered out with the Regiment December 1, 1865. Hugh McDermot enlist- 35 ed in Cavalry, Company A, December 14, 1863 ; pro- moted Corporal June 1, 1865 ; transferred to Company B June 21, 1865 ; and was mustered out August 9, 1865, John McKiernan enlisted January 14:, 1864, in Company B, Seventeenth Regiment ; and was mustered out July 14, 1865. Lewis A, Mereno enlisted in the Second Vermont Battery Light Artillery, January 4, 1864 ; and was mustered out July 31, 1865. John Mulvaney enlisted in Company E, Eleventh Eegiment, December 14, 1863 ; was sick in General Hospital August 31, 1864; and when he recovered deserted October 11, 1864. James B, Nichols enlisted in Company I, Sixth Eegiment, December 14, 1863 ; and was killed at the battle of the Wilderness, May 5, 1864. George E. Parker, enlisted December 26, 1863, in Company F, Eighth Regiment ; and died May 24, 1864. Alfred Robear, Jr., enlisted in Company I, Sixth Regiment, December 9, 1863 ; was wounded in the ankle in the battle of Spottsylvania, May 10, 1864; his leg was amputated at its lower third on the day following, and he v/as transferred in due time to the Hospital at Burlington, whence he was discharged August 25, 1864. An artificial limb was furnished him by the benefaction of the Government, and he receives a pension of ninety-six dollars per annum. Edward D. Sands enlisted in the same Company and Eegiment, December 19, 1863; and was instantly killed at the battle of the Wilderness, May 5, 1864. Harrison and Marcellus Sisco enlisted December 14, 1863, in Company G, Eleventh Regiment; the one died July 17, 1864; the other was discharged May 26, 1865. Fr^d. A. Slater 36 enlisted in Company I, Sixth Kegiment, as musician ; and was mustered ont with the Regiment, Adam Sugmiller enlisted December 9, 1863, in Cavalry, Company A; was transferred to Company B June 21, 1865; and mustered out August 9, 1865. James Sweeney enlisted December 14, 1S63, also in Company A, Cavalry Eegi- ment; was promoted Corporal March 1, 1865 ; transfer- red to Company B June 21, 1865 ; mustered out August 9, 1865. Albert Whitcomb enlisted Feb. 16, 1864, in Company B, Seventeenth Regiment ; and died of wounds received in tlie battle of Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia, May 15, 1864. His father, Warren B. Whit, comb, enlisted in the same Regiment and Company, February 22, 1864 ; and died July 30, 1864, at Alex- andria Hospital. The Selectmen of this year (1863,) were Charles Nichols, George Gates and Jacob K. Drury, and they were continued in office during the next year, (1864). The tax of IQO cents on the dollar, voted December 2, 1863, it was understood, was only about half the sum required to be raised. At the annual meeting, therefore, held March 1, 1864, the subject was again introduced, and an additional tax of 100 cents on the dollar was imposed to complete paying the bounties authorized by that vote, and a discount of four per cent, was ordered to be made to all those who paid the tax previous to July. 37 The hope was now strongly cherished that the last call for men had been made, and that no more bounties would be required. A larger army than history has ever recorded as being gathered in any country in so short a period of time, had been placed in the field. But a still more mighty effort was necessary to be put forth before the rebellion M'ould be crushed in all its parts. For this struggle the Government must concen- trate all its energies. On the 9th of March, 1864, Gen- eral U. S. Grant was invested with the command of all the armies of the Union, and the whole power of the Government was pledged to his support. Troops were to be rapidly forwarded to the front, and the decimated ranks were to be promptly filled up. More men were therefore demanded, and the patriotism of the North must be still further tested, to furnish the muscle which in the final grapple should overpower the rebellion, and compel submission to rightful authority. Call rapidly succeeded call. A call for five hundred thousand men was issued February 1, 1864; a call for three hundred thousand, March 15, 1864 ; and another for five hundred thousand, July 18, 1864. The appearance of these repeated calls renewed the question of town bounties, and accordingly on the 30th day of July, 1864, a Town Meeting for that purpose was warned and held. At this meeting the Town voted to pay three hundred dollars bounty for one-year 38 recruits, and a tax of one hundred and twenty-five cents on the dollar of the Grand List was imposed to raise the sum required. Every person liable to a draft who procured a substitute to the credit of the Town, should receire a like sum of three hundred dollars, and every person not liable to draft, procuring a representative recruit, was also to receive the bounty offered. At the same meeting the Selectmen were authorized to deposit the sum of three thousand dollars with the State Treasurer, to procure recruits in the bel- ligerent States. Under this latter vote one recruit was procured. The competition between Towns was now so active— some towns offering the most extravagant boun- ties — that the Selectmen, although using their utmost diligence, were able to obtain but few recruits under any bounty they were authorized to offer, and a Town Meet- ing to take into consideration these facts was warned for August 30, 1864. At this meeting the Selectmen were authorized to pay such sum in addition to the three hun- dred dollars bounty voted July 30, not to exceed five hundred dollars in the whole to each man, as may be necessary to procure the recruits, and such contracts as the Selectmen had heretofore made to pay five hundred dollars to any recruit, were approved and confirmed. An additional tax of 50 cents on the dollar of the Grand List was voted to meet the increased liability, and those persons furnishing an accepted recruit were allowed the same sum as bounty. 39 Armed with this authority and following out in good faith what they understood to be the spirit of the people of the Town, which was to till up the quota without a draft, the Selectmen succeeded in raising the men. ^he individuals thus enlisted were as follows: Silas Cook enlisted Sept 17, 1864, in the Cavalry. He received one thousand dollars bounty and immedi- ately deserted. It is not known that he ever reached his regiment. Myron Mitchell enlisted September 16, 186 i-, in Company K, Seventeenth Eegiment ; was trans- ferred to Company C ICTovember 26, 1864 ; and mustered out July 14, 1865 ; Jesse Bright enlisted September 19, 1864 ; and deserted October 9, 1864, George Beecher enlisted in the Sixth Regiment. Henry Dapo enlisted in the Ninth Eegiment. John L. Whitten enlisted, but was discharged September 24, 1864, Edward Murray enlisted for the Sixth Regiment. John Shenahan enlist- ed for the Cavalry. Warren W. Conger and Robert A. Dunlop enlisted in Hancock's Corps, and have eerved the full term of their enlistment. The latter, a native of Essex, enlisted in the beginning of the war from Crown Point, New York, in one of the New York Regiments of Cavalry. On the 6t]i day of July, 1863, he was taken prisoner in a skirmish with Stewart's Cavalry, about four miles from Hagerstown, Maryland, and was taken to Belle Island prison at Richmond, Virginia, where he remained till the 28th of December, 1863, when he was taken to Parole Camp, Annapolis, Maryland, and after a long delay exchanged. 40 Mr. Dnnlop kept a daily diary during his impris- onment, from which it appears that he entered that prison Wednesday, July 22, 1863, and received a t^uarter loaf of bread for breakfast, and the same for supper, with a small bit of meat, as his rations. On the 24th he writes : " Have been nineteen days in reb- eldora — the toughest place I was ever in ; the men here look more like walking ghosts than men ; lay on the bare ground, nothing over or under us ; some have tents, others none ; ground damp, and such a stench — enough to kill one. They took every thing away from us in Eichmond, before we were sent to the Island, but our cups ; guards smuggle in bread for us, but only take green-backs for pay." Of two Frenchmen and two Dutchmen who took the oath of allegiance to the Con- federacy, he sajs : " Poor despised creatures, they will be thought as much of as mad dogs one of these months; one of the men that searched us was a deserter from the Sixth regular Cavalry." " Sunday ; what a long dreary day — nothing to read ; not much to eat — half a small loaf of bread, and a bit of meat," 27th — *' Some more of our men came to the State of Starvation — two hundred and fifty in all." And so on from day to day, he notes the arrival of squads of Union prisoners to the prison. While some were cursing the Government for not re- leasing them by exchange, he says: " My faith is good as ever ; think they will get us away as soon as possible ; but" he adds, "we are getting very weak and emaciated." .August 10 — *' Very hot and sultry. Great phenome- non ; about 3 o'clock P. M., a bright star seen in the 41 south ; the sun shining bright at the time; some thought it a balloon on iire." On less than an acre of ground there were three thou- sand four hundred prisoners, a third of them without any shelter. It was "a great mystery to him and his fellow snfl'erers why the Government did not take them off. "Can't see why they leave us here to starve and die. They carry them out every day dead, and worse than dead. Every day takes away a pound of flesh from our bones ; they shoot our n»en like dogs ; shall be a happy being if I ever get out of Jeff's dominions." Daring tlie first part of the time the weather was hot and sultry and the boys were many of them sick and large numbers of them died ; during the latter part the weather was cold, and the nights quite cold and freezing. The rations were small and poor generally : — sometimes an ear of corn a- piece for several days; then plenty of bread, but no salt; then dying of hunger; then one ration a day of corn bread, and two ounces of stinking pork ; then sour bread and bean soup, etc.; many of them were without any other clothing than a shirt; and when sick had little or no medicine and less care. Every few days expecta- tions would be raised by the prospect ot being taken off*, only to be tollowed by sad disappointment. "No one cares for us poor Potomac soldiers:" "given up all hope of ever getting out of the hands of the rebels ;" " rumors of exchange to-day ;" " doomed for the winter ;" " hope our Congress will do something for us;" '-we shall never be exchanged;"— are the entries daily made. Thus between alternate hopes and fears, expectations and dis- 4:2 appointments the dreary months passed away until the 27th of December, when the hour of deliverance came, and with five hundred ''happy boys" he "badegood-bye to Belle Isle and Bichmond, got aboard a canal boat about dark ; laid at Fort Darling all night, crowded like sheep in a pen ; the happiest day I ever knew — feel like a boy with a new jacket ; have been one hundred and seventy-five days in the care of the brutes; don't mean they shall ever get me again ; hurrah, hurrah." On the 29th of December he arrived at Camp Baker, Annapolis, Maryland, "free, free, again." The prison fare reduced him to a skeleton, almost, but did not aba!e his patriotic devotion to his country. He speaks of the prisoners who took the oath of allegiance to the Confederate Government, as "not men, but villains in men's form," and thinks he should pily their skins if they were ever caught by the boys of the regiment to which they belonged. Under date of August 5th he writes: " One of our soldiers raised the Confederate flag for a loaf of bread ; vengeance was declared on him when we get out of this; the first time they have hoisted their ras over us." George Lasell enlisted February 22, ls65, in Seventh Uegiment, Company F^; and was mustered out Febru- ary 22, 1866. Payson F. Thompson enlisted February 15, 1865, in Company B, Eighth Eeginient; mustered out Juno 28, 1865, Byron A. Stevens enlisted as Lieu- 43 tenant of the One Hundred and Ninth U. S. Colored Troops , and was mustered out of service at Port La- vaca, Texas, February 6, 1866. Cassius M. Booth Horace E. Kelly, James G. War- ner and Kollin S. Sherman, enlisted in the United States Navy, under Captain Gilbert Morton, and were placed on board the United States gun-boat General Thomas, plying on the Tennessee Kiver. They received the bounty paid by the Town, and the Government bounty in proportion to the time they were in the ser- vice, but did not receive the State monthly stipend. No provisions, it was alledged, were contained in the act granting State pay to volunteers for the Army, for those who enlisted into the Navy. Booth was Paymaster's Assistant, and Sherman was Steward. The latter was wounded on the 28th day of October 1864, near Decatur, Alabama, in his right shoulder, by the explosion of a shell, and died from the conseq^uences of his wound, December 30, 1864, in the Hospital at Nashville, Tennessee. Young Sherman displayed the utmost coolness and bravery in the action previous to, as well as in that in which he was wounded, for which he received the personal commendation of his Captain. His remains were brought home for inter- ment. In addition to these names, honorable raention shonld be made of others, natives of this Town, who honored the place of their nativity by service from other States, and in other regiments than those immediately raised in Vermont, and on other battle-fields than those made conspicuous by the particular valor and bravery of the "Green Mountain Boys." Among these may be mentioned Edwin and Luther Wool, who enlisted in New York Regiments. The latter was honorahly discharged at the close of the war. The former enlisted in the 4th N. T. Cavalry, Company L, which was stationed for a time et Harrisburgh, Virginia. While in camp at this place he was detailed, witli others, as a guard of some signal lights on the heights near. In returning from one of these duties, during the night, on or about the 5th of October, 1864, he was taken prisoner, since which he has not been heard from. And also Albert A. Slater, who enlisted August 13, 1862, at Orwell, Ashtabula Co., Ohio, in the One Hundred and Fifth Regiment, Company K, of that State. He was i« the battles of Perry ville, Kentucky, Kenesaw Mountain, Peach Tree Creek, Atlanta, Jonesboro', Waynesboro' and Ebenezer Greek, Georgia, and was taken prisoner while on a foraging expedition near Murfreesboro', Ten- nessee, by General Morgan's command, but was soon paroled and exchanged. His regiment formed a portion of the Grand Army under General W.T. Sher- man, on the ever-memorable expedition through the heart of the Confederacy, in the fall of 1864 and win- ter of 1864 — 5, Through all these campaigns, though 45 almost constantly under tbo enemy's fire, he passed unscathed, and was honorably discharged with his regi- ment. Mr. Slater kept a daily diary of events which occur- red in his soldier life, especially of the triumphant march from Atlanta, Georgia, via Savannah, Charles- ton, etc., to Kichmond, Virginia, furnishing us a highly interesting account of that great expedition. Our limits forbid our making but few extracts. Under date of November 16, 186i, he writes: " Our Corps (14:th,) left Atlanta for the Great Expedition to the Sunny South this morning. Oar Division (3d,) left at 9 A. M., taking the Augusta Kailroad. We passed through Decatur — a small town ; did not halt for dinner. Our march has been through a dry section of country — did not pass even a stream of water till we had marched fitteen miles or more, and went into camp at 5." And then began the scenes of devastation which always pre- cede and follow the advance of a large army in any part dependent upon " foraging" for their daily supplies. Sometimes " the bursting of shell, falling walls, and the red glare of fire against the ink-black clouds," denoting the conflagration of whole cities, would form a scene he could not forget. Then again, his Regiment were enga- ged in tearing up the Railroad, so as to cut off retreat and prevent attacks from the enemy ; then, inspired by the music ot the Brigade Band, the negroes of the plant- ations would join in a "genuine negro dance" to the great amusement of the Union army. On the 22d snow fell and the ground was frozen hard. On the 29th " the 46 frogs were peeping as merrily as they do at home in April." One day they were well supplied with sweet potatoes, sorghum, salt, pea-nuts, chickens, &c., the result of foraging, and then finding the country thinly inhabited and forage scarce, their rations were hard tack without coffee. On the 15th December they had nothing but hulled rice for bread, and drew quarter rations. Decem- ber Ist they marched in line of battle for some hours, in support of the Cavalry ; but the enemy fell back, after being repulsed in a charge, as the Union lines advanced ; occasi( nally there was skirmishing, but generally the inhabitants fled for safety. On the- 2d of December he writes: "Our march to-day has been through a country of light soil of yellow and white sand, very level, many swamps; timber is mostly pine, which grows tall and slim and of much larger growth than in northern Georgia ; scarcely any orchards; went into a house that had just been deserted; the table was left with victuals and dishes on it; beds and bedding ; there was a fine piano and melodian and quite a library of books." On the 7th the army was in a swampy, desolate country near the Savannah River, thinly inhabited ; " forage getting scarce ; we expect to draw some hard tack for the first time since leaving Atlanta." At 10 o'clock P, M. orders came to march. "In a clear star and moon light, over swampy, bad roads, marched some eight miles, and camped between one and two of the 8th. While at dinner were ordered into line ; skirmishing in our rear and on right and left." 9th — " short of rations ^all we have had for two days was a tew potatoes and 47 some coffee ; hard inarching on empty stomachs," 10th — " We are now in a land where the palm-leaf grows ; found roads badly obstructed ; destroyed portion of Sa- vannah and Charleston Eailroad. ' 11th — " Camp within nine miles of Savannah ; b,oys got a few potatoes and some rice; saw several rice swamps; on picket had a pretty cold time." 17th — " Came at last where there is forage ; just before we went to station, our cook overtook us with some nice boiled potatoes, and butter in a gourd, which relished well." Quite in unison with the pleasure- able feelings produced by the increase in quantity and improvement in quality of the rations, he writes on the 18th : "This morning was ushered in by the songs of the robin, the chicken-hawk and other spring birds; the musqnitoes and frogs kept up their songs all last night, reminding me of a September night at home." I9th — "Passed Midway Church," a fine building which has an ancient church-yard, with a fine brick wall around it, shaded by trees peculiar to this clime. In this yard there are monuments and slabs bearing dates as early as 1791," The Division to which Mr. Slater belonged seems to have been more troubled to find and keep in sight of the retreating enemy, than to repel any attacks. Their march was interrupted more by the bridges destroyed, and the nature of the country, than by the appearance of any formidable array of bayonets and artillery. The First and Second Divisions were several times in battle'knd lost somewhat heavily. The Third Division suppdrted Kilpatrick's Cavalry, and seldom were required to do more than form in line of battle. On the 20th they " ran the gauntlet " of several " rebel batteries and 48 works," each man of the regiment being a rod from his fellow, so that none were hurt. On the 2l8t the news came of the evacuation of Savannah the evening previous which created great rejoicings in the army; and on the 27th the array was reviewed in that city by Gen. Sherman, and marched through the principal streets with drums beat- ing and flags flying. 28th — " Our detail returned with a wagon-load of oysters, which with rice went well." For some consid- erable time his division was encamped near Savannah, and in his journal he writes of frequent visits to that city ; of hearing the church-bells ringing on the pleasant Sabbath morning ; of visiting the room of the Christian Commission where he was welcomed, and received some papers and magazines ; of visiting Pulaski monument, located in the south part of the city, which was inscribed to the memory of " the heroic Pole who fell mortally wounded at the siege of Savannah, Oct. 9, 1779 "; also an ancient grave-yard in which were monuments dating as far back as 1762. On the 20th of January, 1865, tents were struck and blankets packed, and the Division moved out on the Louisville and Savannah Pike, passing by " the famous Jasper Springs spoken of in ' Marion and his men,' " and " encamped on a shght rise of ground called Cherokee Hill, where was fought a famous battle by Gen. Wayne against the Indians, in 1782." So undeviating was the loyalty of the entire army, in this long campaign, and so complete its discipline, that they had "roll-call for the first time, February 4, 1865, since we were in Atlanta, last Fall. This order would not 49 have been enforced by the Colonel had some few acted the part of good soldiers." Can the annals of history furnish an instance like that? February 5 — "Had a bountiful supply of rations of corned and fresh beef, sugar and hard bread ; crossed the river, (Savannah we suppose); had a hard march through a swamp along a corduroy road ; camped three-fourths of a mile from the river, on a dry and sandy piece of ground, covered with scrub oak and bushes, which has just been burnt over with fire." 10th — " Passed through some fine rolling country, well cultivated; passed two lines of rebel works and forts (minus the enemy), and the town of Barnwell Court House, S. C; foragers came in loaded with meat, potatoes, sorghum, &c." 13th — " Marched over a dry, sandy country, where there is no water, except in wells eighty to one hundred feet deep ; use telegraph wire instead of rope to draw water ; where we camped last night cook went two miles for coffee water — suffered very much -for want of it." On the 18th the Division passed the Saluda Eiver, and marched ten miles after dark, which was one continuous line of fire on both sides of the road— fences, buildings and underbrush were a mass of flames, making a complete illumination along the whole route. On the 20th they were encamped near Monticello, where the foragers brought in not only eata- bles in abundance, but some fine- wool blankets, silks, china-ware, and some beautiful shells. March 4th, he writes : " Our march till this time has been the hardest we ever had— through the clay mud, up and down hill, across fields covered with water, through brush and 60 bushes ; then halt and fix roads, and so on ; till at length we struck the sand ; crossed the North Carolina line at noon." On the 11th the array entered Fayetteville, North Carolina, and took possession of the town, estab- lishing a military government over the place. On the 16th the army left Fayetteville, at midnight, during a heavy rain storm, which continued till 10 next day, passing through a very sandy country, crossing sundry creeks and low sandy bottoms covered with water, in many places single file. On the 19th, the first and second Divisions engaged in battle, in which over one thousand were killed and wounded. On the 25th the army was at Goldsboro, N. C, near which it remained for some days, foraging, and warding off" the feeble attacks of the enemy. On the 6th of April the order announcing that "Kicbmond is ours, with 23,000 prisoners and five hundred guns," was read to the army, and three hearty cheers were given in response. On the 10th, " after leaving camp, struck into a portion of country where apple trees were in bloom, and large wheat fields well up which afforded good feed for our cattle." During this and the next day there was considerable sharp skirmish- ing, which resulted in the capture of Smithfield, N. C, of which our troops took possession about noon of the 11th. On the 12th came the news that " Gen. Lee had surrendered his entire army ; three hearty cheers were given, the Major [Sherman] throwing up his hat and the rest following suit ; the boys were never in better spirits." During the evening a " flag of truce came from Ealeigh, N, C, bringing the Governor, [Vance] Lieut. Governor 61 and two Majors, with proposals to surrender the city. At 12 M. the army marched in review through its streets and camped about a mile from it, close by the Insane Asylum. Gen, Sherman now turned his attention towards Gen. Johnston's army, which was said to be lying near Hillsboro, N. C, with a view to compel him to fight or to surrender. On the 20th the order announcing a ces- sation of hostilities between the two contending armies, was read to the army, in which the General commanding expressed the hope " that in a few days he would be able to send us to our homes." The announcemeilt was recei- ved with hearty cheers. During the suspension of hos- tilities, all foraging was stopped, and no one was permit- ted to leave camp without permission from the Colonel. In a few days, however, portions of the army were again on the march, — the armistice agreed upon between Gen, Sherman and Gen. Johnston not having been approved at Washington, — and on the 28th the army and the nation were again electrified by the news " of Johnston's sur- render of all this side of the Chatahoochie river." On the 30th the army began its homeward march, with light hearts and bounding step. At a point three miles beyond Tar river the Brigade halted for a half hour, when " nearly all the ladies and citizens of the county collected together to celebrate the raising of the old flag, the first instance of the kind by citizens of the rebel States. The band enlivened the scene by playing some national airs." After a hard march of nearly 180 miles in eight days the army reached Kichmond, and went into camp some two or three miles from it. On the 24:th of May, after a 52 brief period spent in recruiting its exhausted energies, the army crossed Long Bridge, and formed in column at the foot of Maryland Avenue, preparatory to the grand review which took place on that day in Washington, in the presence of the dignitaries of State and admiring thousands. Mr. Slater gives a brief but graphic description of the country through which the army passed — ^its surface; its beautiful rivers ; the swamps and corduroy roads ; its cities and villages ; and shows his familiarity with the history of the country, by frequent reference to former battle-grounds over or near which the army passed, and to historic localities of churches and mon- uments which came under his observation. Nor would this Memorial be complete without allusion to the patriotic efforts of the Ladies of the Town to sujiply those delicate necessities to the sick and wounded soldier which the gentle hand and tender heart of woman alone can supply. The Medical Department of the army was taxed to its utmost in the earlier periods of the war, to sup- ply the more common wants of the thousands of sick and wounded thrown upon its hands. The tender delicacies of the sick room or the well-regulated hospital it did not attempt to provide. These were sent in great part from the homes of the soldier, and were all the more grateful and acceptable because coming from warm and sympathizing hearts far away, around the family fire-side. In pro- curing, preparing and sending these, the Ladies of the 63 %wn took tlie lead. Before any organization was made sundry boxes of lint, bandages and various delicacies were sent, in some instances direct to the soldiers them- selves, in others through the Sanitary Commission. Some time during 1863 the Ladies Soldier's Aid Society was organized, and the sympathies of the Ladies generally in Town were enlisted in the object. Collectors were appointed in each School District, and contributions solicited in money or in such necessaries as any chose to give. Meetings were held from time to time — social gatherings at which all these contributions were pre- pared in the manner thought to be most convenient and useful. In this way one or more album quilts were made, several bed-quilts, numerous cotton and flannel drawers and shirts, pillows, towels, socks, handkerchiefs, pin-cushions, slippers, napkins, bandages in rolls, wine of home manufacture, dried fruit, maple sugar — :in fine, every thing which the ingenuity and sympathy of the ladies could devise, as being conducive to the comfort or necessities of the soldier wounded on the battle-field or sick in the hospital. These articles were mostly forward- ed to the Christian Commission, through which organi- zation they found their way speedily to their intended destination. The whole amount of these benefactions it is impossible now to determine, as little pains were taken to preserve any record of them, further than to know that they were duly received. Probably they amounted to several hundred dollars. . 54 To some of the men whose names we have last record- ed, larger proportionate bounties were paid by the Selectmen than were authorized by the Town, and a larger number had been enlisted, (including the re-enlist- ment of nine veterans, and the substitutes furnished by Eussel H. Davis and Stephen Gr, Butler,) than sufficed to fill the quota of the Town under all the calls yet made. These officers had thus nominally exceeded the limits of their authority, though not considering themselves as having transcended the line of their duty in the premises, but as having kept in view the best interests of the Town, in respect to any future requisitions for men. At a Town Meeting held November 11, 1864, the Town was asked to indemnify them for the money thus expended. The motion to raise a tax of forty cents on the dollar for that purpose was lost on a division of the House. At a sub- sequent meeting, held on the 22d of N'ovember, the Selectmen were magnanimously relieved of the respon- sibility they had assumed, and fully indemnified for all the expenditures they had made in filling the quota of the Town, as well as the surplus of enlistments. A tax of fifty-seven cents on the dollar was voted to make up the deficiency. It is hardly necessary to add that these votes met with a strong and determined opposition from men belonging to both political parties, — not from a desire to repudiate any just obligation, but from a feeling that the people were burdened almost beyond endurance, with taxation. Taxes had accumulated rapidly — piling up like mountain upon mountain, and still larger boun- ties were constantly demanded. When and where would the end be ? Yet no exertions must be relaxed, The 55 Government must he sustained. The rebellion must he crushed. As a loyal people we have put our hands to the plow and must not look back. Men and means must be furnished. The wisdom and foresight of the Selectmen in enlisting more men than were required under former calls, and many of them for three years instead of one, were fully vindicated by the events which followed in quick suc- cession. On the 19th day of. December, 1864, the last requisition was made by the President — a call for three hundred thousand men, for one, two or three years. The quota of the Town was seventeen, but by the enlistments already mentioned, it was reduced to /bwr, so that the task was easily accomplished. At a Town Meeting, held February Yth, 1865, a tax of seventy cents on the dollar was voted, to pay bounties ; but the whole amount was not required, and the tax was made up at sixty cents. The Selectmen of this year (1865,) were George Gates, J. K. Drury and E. J. Buttolph, and to the untiring, persistent, patriotic efforts of these men, (especially of the first named,) aided by a people thoroughly awake to duty in the premises, may be attributed the fact that the quota of the Town was always promptly filled, and its citizens saved from the oft-impending draft. 66 To the eye of the careful observer light had already begun to dawn. The bloody march through the wilder- ness, where the greater portion of the brave boys from this Town had shed their blood or laid down their lives in defence of our nationality, had been succeeded by the investment as with an iron-grasp, of Eichmond, the cap- ital of the so-called Confederate States, The most grat- ifying success had crowned the movements of our west- ern armies. Bragg's raid had been turned into a defeat and an utter rout. General Sherman had taken Atlanta, the key of the western portion of the Confederacy, and leaving that important place in ruins, and cutting off all communications with his superiors in command, the Government or with the world, had severed the " Con- federacy " in twain by a triumphant, devastating march through its very centre, opening his communications with the Union fleet by the capture of Fort McAllister, on the Ogeechee Eiver, on the 13th of December, 1864:. The fall of Savannah, Georgia, followed as a " Christmas present " to an electrified, admiring nation. Sweeping northward in his triumphal march, at once the wonder and admiration of the world, the capital of South Caro- lina and Charleston — that infamous hot-bed of secession and rebellion — had both been evacuated, and on the 28th of February 1865, the Union army entered the grass- grown streets of that city, and the Stars and Stripes again floated over Fort Sumter, whence four years pre- viously they had been traitorously torn down. These striking events pressing upon each other in quick suc- cession, betokened the speedy collapse of the Confederate bubble. The expectations thus raised were not disap- 57 pointed. The evacuation of Eichmond soon followed, and on the 9th day of April, 1865, the surrender of General Lee with his whole army, closed the bloodiest civil war that history has ever recorded. Peace, with her Olive branches crowned, has once more gladdened the hearts of the entire nation, and with the brightness of her coming has passed away that un- mitigated curse to any nation, human slavery. Well may an emancipated nation rejoice at the result. The whole number of men furnished by the Town during the continuance of the war was one hundred and forty. Of this number twenty-six died — mostly from diseases incident to camp life ; seven were killed in battle; nine were taken prisoners ; eight deserted ; and thirteen were wounded. One was elected Captain at the organi- zation of a Company ; two received that honor by pro- motion ; several were made Lieutenants and Sergeants in the same manner ; many of them held minor positions; most of them were privates, and the large majority were never subject to a draft on account of age. The young men of the Town have borne the burden and heat— the Buffering and hardship of the four long years of bloody war. To them belongs the glory and the honor; whilst 58 the middle aged — those liable to enrollment and draft, have quietly sat down around the family hearth-stone, to hoard up and enjoy the rich accumulations which the war has thrown into their laps. The amount expended by the Town for bounties and attending expenses was thirty-seven thousand five hun- dred and sixty-seven dollars; equivalent to nineteen dollars for each man, woman and child in Town, according to the Census of 1860 ; and more than one hundred dollars to each voter; or nearly eight hun- dred per cent, of the Grand List of 1865. These bounties were distributed as follows: To the First Kegiment $120 ; the Second Eegiment $1,300 ; Fifth Eegiment $1,050; Sixth Eegiment $8,600; Seventh Eegiment $500; Eighth Eegiment $1,540; Ninth Eegmient $1,205; Eleventh Eegiment $1,764; Seven- teenth Eegiment $2,000 ; Cavalry $3,350 ; U. S. Sharp Shooters $700 ; Second Vermont Battery $350 ; TJ. S. Navy $3,624 ; First Corps $,1000 ; One Hundred and Ninety-ninth Eegiment Colored Infantry $600 ; Colored Eecruits $400 ; which with nearly one thousand dollars expenses makes the sum just mentioned. This enormous expenditure of money has been made promptly and cheerfully, in the midst of prosperity un- paralleled in our history, and the Town is this day free from any lasting incumbrance upon the future industry of its people, 59 With emotions of gratitude and pride, therefore, we record the bravery and gallantry of those who have fought the battles of the past four years, and carried the Stars and Stripes — the proud emblem of our national Union — through all to victory and peace. Gratitude that the fierce and bloody contest shall end in cementing more strongly than ever the bonds of fraternal nnion between these United States, and pride that we are citi- zens of a State and of a Town that on so many battle- fields has so noble a record. Gratitude, that through the preserving mercy of a kind Heavenly Father, that notes even the fall of a sparrow, so many of our brave young men have returned from war to the ordinary pur- suits of life ; — ^pride, that on every page of our eventful history during this war, shall be spread out, emblazoned in characters of living light, the brilliant achievements of the "Vermont Cavalry," " The Sixth Corps," "The Vermont Brigade," — the synonyms for thorough disci- pline, unflinching bravery and heroic daring. Note. James Ryan, mentioned among the dead, was severely wound- ed in the leg at the battle of Fredericksburg Station on the 11th of May, 1863. He was left on the field in that disastrous defeat of the Union army, and died from the efiects of his wound. He begged to have his leg amputated, but no surgeon would do it. He received no town bounty, being among the first that enlisted from this town, and only a small Government bounty. - His death cut off the main dependence of parents somewhat advanced in life, and in indigent circuiiistanceB. " How sleep the brave who sink to rest, By all their Country*8 wishes blest ! When Spring with dewy fingers cold, Betnms to deck their hallowed mould, She there shall dress a sweeter sod Than Fancy'a feet have ever trod." »»» »<«< William J. Domag, Killed, Battle of Wilderness, May 5, 1864. Amos Gkeelt,* Killed, Battle of Wilderness, May 5, 1864. Henut T. Moselet, Killed at Spottsylvania C. H., May 13, 1864, James B. Nichols, Killed, Battle of Wilderness, May 5, 1864. LEAifTDER PoQxrETT, Killed at Charleston, Va. OscAn A. ScRrBNEB, KiHed, Battle of Wilderness, May 5, 1864. Edward D. Sands, Killed, Battle of Wilderness, May 5, 1864. * Some Bay Mr. Greeley died in one of the Southern prisons. "By feiry hands their kneU Is rung; By forms unseen their dirge is sung ; There Honor comes, a pilgrim gray, To bless the turf that wraps their clay ■, And !Freedom shall awhile repair. To dwell a weeping hermit there."— Collhtb, i > » •< — - Alpha M, Austin, Died at PoxviUe, Virginia, Aug. 17 Tkituan W. Blood, Browned in N. .York Harbor, Aug. 18, Henbt S. Beaduet, Died Oct. 1 MAGKA CAMPBEaji, " Thostas Calvebt, " Harrison Cisco, " Joshua L. Day, " John Fleminq, " HosEA M. Gorton, " Mortimer Lister, " BUEL B. Mellbn, " John B. Page, George W. Page, " William Prior, " Beanscom Perrigo, '* George E. Parker, " AliESANDER RENOTJE, " James Ryan, " Albert F. Sawyer, " Alfred F. Sawyer, " BoLLiN S. Sherman, " HANNTBAIi TiCHOTJT, " Norman Woodworth, " Hat.t, Woodworth, " Albert Whitcomb, " near Vicksbuig, Miss., July 4, May 17, July 17. in Andersonville Prison, Oct. 7, Oct. 2, near Gauiesville, Va., Nov. 29, in Salisbury Prison, N.C., Dec. 11, July 6, at New Orleans, July 21, at New Orleans, Sept. 16, Dec. 26, in Hospital, New Orleans, Oct. 3, May 24, Dec. 10, May 13, at New Orleans, near Fredericksburgli, in Richmond, Va., at Nastville, Tenn., at Philadelphia, Pa., at Fairfax C. H., Va., near Spottsylvania C. H., May 15, Warren B. Whitcomb," at Alexandria Hospital, July 30, KiUed 7; Died 26. Total, 33. Aug. 30, Dec. 30, Sept. 26, May 24, Jan. 9, 1863. 1868. 1862. 1862. 1863. 1864. 1864. 1863. 1862. 1864. 1862. 1862. 1862. 1862. 1862. 1864. 1861. 1863. 1863. 1862, 1864. 1863 1864 1863. 1864. 1864. Cornell University Library F 59E78 B98 Memorial record of Essex, Vermont / prep olin 3 1924 028 837 924