Production Note Cornell University Library produced this volume to replace the irreparably deteriorated original. It was scanned using Xerox software and equipment at 600 dots per inch resolution and compressed prior to storage using CCITT Group 4 compression. The digital data were used to create Cornell's replacement volume on paper that meets the ANSI Standard Z39.48-1984. The production of this volume was supported in part by the New York State Program for the Conservation and Preservation of Library Research Materials and the Xerox Corporation. Digital file copyright by Cornell University Library 1994.119 College Street, Burlington, Yt,4 <3* lew Harft Elegant Parlor Cars, BETWEEN BOSTON AND NEW YORK. ALL-BAIL LIKE. Express Trains leave either city at f 12.00 Noon; *3.00 P. M. ■ Arrive at the other at f6.30 P. M.; *9.00 P. M. Shortest Lrine, 0fllY 213 Miles. The 3.00 P. M. Train runs 86 Miles without a stop, f Runs daily Sundays excepted. *Runs daily Sundays included. City Offices, 353 Broadway, New York; 322 Washington St.,.Boston. Depots, Grand Central Depot, New York, foot Summer St., Boston. ^ ^aWe m tenioos MARK TRAVELING TRUNKS. ‘HAS NO EQUAL/’ MANUFACTURED BY BROZA "W, SARATOGA SPRINGS, - - NEW YORK, SOLD BY FIRST-CLASS DEALERS EVERYWHERE.1 A RESTFUL HOME FOR TIRED AND SICK NERVES. “THE flERyiHF Burlington, Vermont. Dir. R. tJ. WmiiAHO, Sup’t. North Prospect St., Corner Loomis St. Commonly called “THE REST CURE,”1 because the S. Weir Mitchell Rest Treatment is made a specialty. An establishment devoted to the treat- ment of nervous and mild mental .........diseases only....... 0R. WIDLARD is a graduate of Yale (’53) and the Medical Department of the University of Vermont (’77). He was the Superintendent and resident Physician of the M. F. Hospital for nearly six years. It was his long experience in the latter institution that induced him to make here a home for that numerous class of nervous invalids who ought to leave the work and worry of their own homes but who can not find in a general hospital any suitable^ provision made for their peculiar needs. His elegant and ample sanitarium is en- tirely new, beautifully located, with the lake and mountains in plain sight, and pro- vided with all needed conveniences and medical appliances. Heating is by the hot- water system. Ventilation is secured by numerous fire places. All the patients* rooms can have the sun. Special pains has been taken with the plumbing. Dr. Wil- lari> resides with his patients, and is confident that they will here find a quiet spot and everything needed for their comfort and recovery. He refers by permission to Bishop Bissell of Vermont, Pres. Dwight of Yale, Pres. Buckham and Drs. Grinnell, Wheeler, and Witthaus of University of Vermont, Rev. Dr. Bliss and Hon. G. G. Bene- dict of Burlington. The nurses here employed have received special training. Board from $5.00 to $10.00 a week. Other expenses reasonable. Send for circular. Tele- phone connection.2 “THE COLUMBIAN,” SOUTH BROADWAY, FRONTING CONGRESS PARK, SARATOGA SPRINGS, - - NEW YORK. UNDER SAME MANAGEMENT OF LAST YEAR. NEW PLUMBING THROUGHOUT. REASONABLE PRICES. OPENS JUNE 25, 1890. J. C. WHITE. THE IHVIHG, Saratoga Springs, N, Y., BROADWAY, OPPOSITE CAROLINE STREET. Very Centrally Located. (Near U. S. Hotel.) First-class Summer and Transient Hotel, open the year around. Fine beds, liberal cuisine. Everything new, neat and modern. Twenty years’ experience as hotel landlord gives us confidence that we •can give satisfaction. Commercial Rates $2.00 per day; Special Rates to Tourists and by the season. E. P. .YlKSfliEtl, Pffoptfietot*. C. L. HASKINS, GRADUATE OPTICIAN, ‘•Resident.” 390 BROADWAY, - - SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. Y. Examined and tested free of charge. A complete line of Spectacles and Eye Glasses in stock. f*EPAIf*lHG R SPECIfLUTY. Broken Glasses, whether plain, spherical, astigmatic or compound, can be promptly replaced without the personal presence of the wearer, if the broken pieces are sent. Charges will be found reasonable. Mail Orders ^promptly attended to. Oculist’s Prescriptions Carefully Filled.3 Tf*OY, fi. Y. ENTIRE NEW MANAGEMENT. First-class in every respect. Remodeled, renovated and refurnished; steam heat and electric light in every room; new elevator; unexcelled cuisine. ’Bus or Carriage on arrival of all boats and trains. FREDERICK JACOBSON, Proprietor. C. V. LANSING, Manager. RATES, $3 TO $4 PER DAY. GEO. M. DELANEY. BENJAMIN HARRINGTON. The Hotel Burlington, which is entirely new, is located on the West side of St. Paul Street, facing the City Pai-tc bn the East, while the West front commands a fine vie w of the lake and the scenerv beyond. It is provided with all modern convenien- ces, including good water, electric lights, gas and electric bells. Its beds are of the latest and most luxurious designs, while its tables are the most inviting i,n the city. The cuisine of the Hotel Burlington is famous lor its continued excellency.4 SARATOGA KISSINGEN. -THE PUREST-- Alkaline Mineral Water FOUND AT SARATOGA. BOTTLED AS IT FLOWS FROM THE SPRING. Charged only with its NATURAL CARBONIC ACID GAS. Sparkling, Effervescent, Palatable. Diuretic and Alterative. TTHSTJEEASSEID FOR THE TABLE. A Sure Remedy pot* Dyspepsia and Insomnia. Saratoga Kissingen Spring^V Was discovered in 1872, the vein having been struck while boring in the solid rock at a depth of 192 feet. The Saratoga Kissingen is one of the noted group of geysers, or spout- ing springs, situated near Ballston Avenue, about one mile south of the village of Saratoga Springs. It is a pleasant drive, accessible over an ex- cellent road, and its location is one of the most picturesque in the country. The wonderful medicinal water and sparkling beverage, is raised to the surface by the pressure of its own carbonic acid gas—the life of all mineral waters—and it comes with such force that it spouts a considerable distance above the floor of the spring pavilion. The Saratoga Kissingen Water has more fixed gas than any other Nat- ural Mineral Spring Water found in America. This Preserves it Unchanged, when bottled, and it retains all its valuable properties permanently, and without regard to climate. The Saratoga Kissingen Water is excellent to mix with Wines and Milk. How to Drink THE SARATOGA KISSINGEN WATER. For INDIGESTION in all forms, including acid eructations and Sour Stomach, drink with meals as an ordinary beverage. It is also well to drink shortly after meals. As a Diuretic and Alterative, small quantities should be taken at brief intervals during the day. As a remedy for Insomnia and Restlessness, a glass should be taken before re- tiring, as it is a gentle tonic to the nerves and induces sleep. A.]ir sis. The following analysis, made by James R. Nichols & Co., the celebrated analytical chemists, of Boston, gives the amount of ingredients, in grains, in one U. S. gallon of 231 cubic inches. Chloride of Sodium..........135,500 grains Bicarbonate of Lime......... 40.260 grains. Chloride of Potassium....16.980 Bromide of Sodium....... 1.800 Iodide of Sodium......... .042 Fluoride of Calcium...... trace IHcarbonate of Lithia.... 5.129 Eicarbonate of Soda......76.617 Bicarbonate of Magnesia .... 70.470 Temperature 40® F. Denstiy 1.0060. Bicarbonate of Strontia... trace “ Bicarbonate of Baryta.......... .992 “ Bicarbonate of Iron........ 1.557 Sulphate of Patassa........ trace !* Alumina.................... trace ‘ Silica--*................ 1.280 “ Organic matter............ trace Cubic inches C02 in one gallon 361.5. residue by evaporation 432.635. Natural Saratoga Kissingen Water sold only in Bottles, Pints and quarts. Used by all Leading Hotels and Clubs. S71 BEOADWAY, under ADELPHI HOTEL, SARATOGA SPRINGS, R. Y. Total SARATOGA KISSINGEN SPRING CO,5 ---THE-- largest and heading Hotel OF THE CITY. M. CROWLEY, Proprietor, TROY, - - 3ST. "X\ 1890—SEASON—*1890. FHflJipiH HOUSE, CHURCH ST., SARATOGA SPRINGS, N.Y. Within 2 minutes walk of the R. R. Stations. This House—known as the Franklin House for seventy-five years, and for thirty five years managed by one fam- ily, is open at all times and throughout the year. Every effort is made to ensure the com fort, and welfare of its guests. For conven- ience of location to the Springs and Business Places, also'for pleas- ant associations, it is unsurpassed. Good Rooms and Table. New, large and commodious, and fronts to the south and east. Terms : $2 per day, $10 to $14 per week, ______________________ ____________________S. W. B. SALISBURY, Proprietress. -#EMPIRE: • HOTEL,#- SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. Y. Situated on the Cor. of Rock and Front Streets, Open for guests May 10th. Opposite High Rock, Peerless and Magnetic bath Springs, and near the Star, Empire and old Red Springs. Rooms large and airy. Croquet ground. Baths free to guests. Board from $7 to $10 per week, transient $2 per day. S. O. MARSH, Proprietor, LATE OF CIRCULAR STREET HOUSE.CHAS. H. WHEELER, Proprietor, . HAGUE, ON LAKE GEORGE, ~ WARREN COUNTY, NEW YORK. The Ti’out is unequalled for tlie beauty of its surroundings, situated on the west shore of Lake George, amid gems of scenery. It commands an excellent view of the Lake. Pure mountain spring water. Lawn Tennis grounds, Hunting, Fishing, Boat- ing, Bathing and Drives. Good Livery connected with the House. For terms address Charles H. Wheeler, pGUE, WfliftEU COUptTY, ft Y.: The Phoenix Hotel, ON LAKE GEOROE, open for the season under new management. This hotel is fit- ted up in the most comfortable and attractive manner as a summer resort. The rooms are large and pleasant and well furnished. G. F. 3fA.MSHA.LJ0, Proper, Hague, Warren Co., N. TV -# THE HILLSIDE, HAGUE, OUST L-AIKE GEORGE. This House is pleasantly situated on high ground, in one of the most beautiful lo- calities of this famous watering place. The fishing is good, and plenty of good boats are kept constantly on hand for the accommodation of guests. The house has been enlarged, re-furnished and renovated, and lias accommodations, for 75 guests. Terms reasonable. JOHN McCLANATHAN, Prop’r, Hague. Warren County, N. Y. This House is located on the shore of a beautiful harbor, land-locked by the nine islands forming the Waltonian Group, is especially adapted to the convenience and comfort of lovers of “woods and waters,” and the sports incident thereto. Safe boat- ing for ladies and others of limited experience, among the islands. While our rates are very moderate, we remind our patrons that the beauties and benefits of Lake George are as free to them here as at the more expensive places. Pleasant drives to many points of interest, including Fort TiConderoga, Sabbath Day Point, and othei* localities which the pen of the historian has made famous. Saddle horses, carriages, boats and guides. House enlarged to accommodate fifty guests. References in all principal cities. Address, A. C. CLIFTON, Hague, Warren Co*, N. Y. "2"TTXjE1 WHITEKAIiU, 1ST- “'5T- Broad Street, near Telegragh and Post-offices, Telephone Communica- tion direct from the House. Free ’Bus to and from all Trains. RATES #2.00 PER DAY. GEOI^GB YlJliE, itietoir.7 ROGERS’ ROCK HOTEL, LAKE GEORGE, TSFEW YORK, OPEN FSOm JUNE TO OCTOBER. This hotel occupies a bold promontory a little to the north of Rogers’.Slide, and accommodates 125 guests. It is the farthest north of any Lake George hotel; and is 110 feet above the water. Every window affords a lake view. Rogers’ Rock Hotel is located amid the most lemarkable mountain scenery for which Lake George is re- nowned, and the surrounding country is prolific of beautiful and interesting drives and rambles. Six miles distant are the ruins of old Fort Ticonderoga, the most inter- esting ruin in the country. Three miles distant are the Falls of Ticonderoga. Rogers*' Rock Mountain can be ascended by a path leading from the hotel. The view from* the summit is one ever to be remembered, taking in as it does, a wide extent of mountain and lake scenery, and overlooking many historic points. The best fishing grounds on Lake George are in the immediate vicinity of Rogers’ Rock Hotel, and' here the best catches of ba«s are recorded. Pure spring water from the mountains- supplies the house. Perfect drainage and sanitary arrangements. Telegraph and’ Post Office in hotel office. Livery. Steam, sail and row boats. A cottage standing: on the height nearly 150 feet above the hotel, and another at the lake shore, gives guests a choice of altitude afforded by no other hotel on Lake George. From New York take New York Central & Hudson River railroad or People’s or Citizen’s Line Steamers for Albany or Troy, making direct connection with Delaware & Hudson railroad for Lake George. Terms, per day, $3. For July, or July and August,, per week, $17.50 to $21. For August, per week, $21 to $28. Less rates for June and September, or for the season. T. J. TREADWAY, Manager, W. D, TREADWAY, Proprietor, ROGEKS’ ROCK, ESSEX Co., N. Y ^BURLEIGH m HOUSED TICONDEROGA, NEW YORK. Px*opi*ietoi*. This new and elegant hotel is pleasantly located midway between Take Cham- plain and Lake George, Burleigh House is within three hours’ ride of Schroon Lake. Shortest and most direct way to the Adifondacks. Attractions include many points of historic interest within short range of this hotel, among which are the ex- tensive fortifications of Fort Ticonderoga, built by the French in 1755, and surrender- ed to Col. Ethan Allen, May 10, 1775. Eirst-class Livery connected with the house. Good Boating within a few minutes’ walk on either lake. Fine opportunity for fish- ing, where tons of trout and bass are annually taken. Hunting grounds between Lake Pharaoh and Lake George, abound with deer and small game. Telegraph and express office in the house. Rates, $10 to $20 per week. Transient, $2.50 per day. C. BAILEY> Village, Farm, Boarding, Livery and Sales Stable, Opposite P. O. BUILDING, TICONDEROGA, N. Y. HoFses, Carriages and Experienced Drivers furnished at all times, for all* points in the Adirondaeks. FOUR AND SIX HORSE TALLY HO COACHES. 431-433 BPoadmay. SARATOGA SPRINGS, - NEW YORK: Entirely Refitted and Refurnished. AN ELEGANT GAPE. LAMES’ RESTA0RANT On the second floor, together with Elegant Parlor and Reception Room. CHARLES WEINGARTNER.8 The Garden Vietu House SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. 7. Visitors to Saratoga will find the Garden View house a very pleasant place to make it their home while stopping at Saratoga Springs. The house has been renova- ted and re-furnished, and every detail is looked after for the comfort of its guests. Table will be supplied with everything in the market. Terms : $2 to $2.50 per day, and $10 to $17 per week. MBS. T. D. CABFENTEB, Frop'r. AUSABLE CHASM, CLINTON COUNTY, N. Y. This house is within a few rods of the famous Ausable Chasm and R. R. Station. Remodeled and refurnished throughout. First-class accommodations. Terms : $2 per day, $7 to $12 per week. Good stable and livery attached. M. WHEALON, Proprietor. Ciiuiteii Street and Woodlaizm Avenue, S-AJRA.TOC3--A. SPKIWGS, 3ST. 75T-, S. P. Flagler, Proprietor. Centrally Ltoeated. Good Accommodations. Rates $2.00 per day, $10 to $14 per week. Stables Attached. Electric lights, electric bells, &c. 526 NORTH BROADWAY. SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. Y. MR. AND MRS. W. S. BALCH. OPENT ALL THE YEAR. ElilWOlOOD Hfllilt, 48 FRONT STREET, NEAR BROADWAY. SARATOGA SPRINGS, - - - N. Y. EMORY POTTER, Proprietor. Open all the year. Central to the Springs. No Bar. Terms during Summer season, $7 to $12 per week. Balance of the year, reduced rates.9 .A:MHE!:R,IOA.TT HOUSE, BOSTON, MASS. CENTRAL LOCATION. Large and well-furnished Sample Rooms for Commercial Travellers. Rates, $2.50 per day and upwards. Rooms without board, $1 per day and upwards. RUSSELL & STURGIS, Proprietors. DR. ROBERT HAMILTON’S IMIIEIDIOAILj INSTITUTE. CHARMINGLY LOCATED AT 44r Franklin Street, - - - Saratoga Springs, N. Y. Near the United States Hotel and Principal Springs. Open for Boarders during the summer. Patronized by the best class of the nation. Hall, Parlors and Rooms Pleasant. Terms from $10 to $20 per week, depending upon room. Apply to H. HrfMILTOJV. HOWLAND HOUSE, No. 573 Broadway, Saratoga Springs, This House is pleasantly located on the west side of North Broadway. Accom- modations for 75. The broad piazzas, comfortable rooms, and first-class service, combine to make it a most desirable stopping place. Terms: $10.00to$15.00per week. WOODBRIDGE HALL, SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. Y. A Select Family Boarding Rouse. Five minutes walk from Congress Spring and Park. Terms Moderate. T. S. ESTABI^OOI^, Pi*opi*ietot*. HEW YORK HOTEL, Lake Ave. and Spring Ave. SARATOGA SPRINGS, - N. Y. TRe Wentworth, BOUND LAKE, N. Y. X. F. GRIFFITH and N. F. & G. L. GRIFFITH. CHAS. BATCHELDER. THE WINDSOR, ST. JOHNS, P- Q., Iiespeuanee & Renaud, FIRST-CLASS IN EVERY RESPECT. RATES $2 PER DAY. $4 TO $8 PER WEEK.10 EJLRE GEORGE, JY. F. This House is situated on Ripley’s Point, about 5>£ miles from Caldwell. It stands on high ground, fronting the east, surrounded by a nice shady grove, with the Lake on three sides. The location is one of the pleasantest on the Lake, commanding an unexcelled view of the Lake and Mountain scenery. On the east lies Kattskill Bay. Overlooking the broad Lake on the west we see Long Island, Diamond Island and West Point, with the shores of Caldwell in the distance. Looking to the north we have a charming view extending nearly ten miles “down the Lake,” including Ton- gue Mountain, Dome and Recluse Islands and the Hotel Sagamore This house is new, three-story structure and contains over S,500 feet of floor space, with good accommodations for about 80 guests. One nice feature is its large, wide piazzas, which face the east, thus getting the sun in the morning, when desirable, being cool and shady the remainder of the day. Rooms are good size, well lighted and ventil- ated, with blinds on all windows. Horicon Lodge is reached by D. & H. R. R. from Albany to Caldwell; thence by steamer to Ripley’s Point, landing at our dock. SPECIAL FEATURES—Table first-class. Good comfortable beds. All steamers stop at our dock. Mails twice a day; P O in the house. Ten minutes’row from telegraph office; First-class boat livery; Small steamers subject to charter; Lawn Tennis and Croquet Grounds. Good Bathing, fine fishing and good facilities for dancing. TERMS..—Board $2 per pay; $8 to $12 per week. Liberal discounts to families or season guests. Will open June 15th. For further information address GEORGE JL. FERRIS, F. O., Clever dale, A. Y. Telegraphic address, “Kattskill Bay, N. Y.” Opp. The “ Windsor.” SOUTH BROADWAY, W. J-. SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. Y. BIGGS. One of the best locations in town. First-class in all its appointments. TER IVES MODERATE, HOLDEN HOUSE, SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. Y. First-class Family House. (Rates, $2.00 and <$2:yo (Per Day. Special Rates by the week. Near all the principal Springs. C. A. II OEM) E TV, Owner and Proprietor. J. c. schwarte" JVlerehant Tailor. A FULL LINE OF fiiiiiiws1 iiiisiiii nnnsnsa 328 BROADWAY, Saratoga Springs, ~ « m « Jieua York. Cleaning and Repairing Promptly Attended to.SARATOGA SPRINGS, ■ N Y. A First-class Family Hotel, Accommodating Four Hundred Guests. Rc * £Lle * jrorr) * JB rieLfe. Fish and Game Dinners A SPECIALTY. CEDAK BLUFF STATION. 1 r T n 1 r J1 s£|%3ro?nagd- Mrs. L C. Mcllwam, PROPRIETRESS. Haestis poase, SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. Y. * Uinsf=®l WINDSOR HOTEli, Saratoga Springs, • . CO M CO ^ w a ObD^O ^ 5 ® c <005-2 W.W -M ^ bX) O r£j . ^ ^ ^ O r> *r4 4> B •br9 ^ o o C O 'rj c3 o a> 03 i®*5 5 &*§ s “| r/) c3 ,a3 jh ' § P : . 53 ^ c$ Qj ,n3PQ boo '«■■ O <—< "§§31 flrHCCp O.H ij co • Oft C$ E3 .3 i51s O CH ft ^ •a ° Sf ,-§; 6 O OQ £ «P^H Oft ' ,2.ft fl O'-. » c3 - o3 bo ft S3 SL, CD A ,Q O ^ p © *0 >ci ft & ft CO C3 g a £■ ft o H H I ENTIRELY NEW MANAGEMENT. Opeiies IVTay 31. Closes October WILLARD LESTER, Manager, * ■ Saratoga Springs, 1ST. 1 SARATOGA COTTAGES FOt* SflliH Of* P0f* RE^T, As well as all other classes of Real Estate at Saratoga. Complete information given by LESTER BROTHERS, (Real Estate) Ht^CflDE BUILDING, « ~ Saratoga SpvitiQs, fl. Y.37 finally drove the brave militiamen back to their covert. Frazer and Breymen were prepared to follow up this advantage, when they were recalled by an unlucky order of Burgoyne, and forced to retreat. They remained masters of the field while Grates retired behind his intrenchments. The losses on both sides were about DRINKING FOUNTAIN, CONGRESS PARK, SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. Y. 400. Burgoyne threw up intrenchments on the battle-field; and the armies watched each other, at cannon-shot, for sixteen days. Second feattle of Semis heights.—On the 7th of October, moving his troops in three columns, Burgoyne advancedcautiously to the American left, and deployed his line in an open wheat-field, about 200 rods to the southwest of the site of the ac- tion of the 19th, and began cutting up the wheat for forage. The grenadiers of Major Ackland were stationed upon the slight emi- nence now covered by an orchard, and twenty rods southeast of the house now occupied by Joseph Rogers. The light infantry, under the Earl of Balcarras, was placed on the right. Phillips and Reidesclel occupied the centre. General Frazer commanded a bat- talion of 500 picked men, in advance of the right wing. The alarm was sounded in the American camp, and Gates at once sent out Morgan, with his riflemen, to move on the enemy’s right flank. Generals Poor and Learned followed, with orders to march straight up the hill, and, if possible, to separate the enemy’s right wing from the main army. Moving resolutely forward, their columns were met by the British grenadiers supporting the artillery, by whom they were driven back. Meanwhile Morgan had outflanked the enemy, and, with his deadly riflemen, had carried everything before him. Burgoyne now formed a second line with his right wing, when Arnold, mad with excitement, burst into a headlong gallop on the field, and plunged into the thickest of the fight. Placing himself at the head of Learned’s brigade, he led them fiercely on. The Hessian troops threw themselves in his path, „and for a moment stopped his career; but the next moment he burst through their midst, and by the fury of his charge shook the whole British line. Burgoyne, alarmed, put forth his utmost efforts to regain his lost ground, but in vain. Nothing could stop that astonishing infantry; their rapid tread shook the field; their dreadful volleys swept away the head of every formation. As, pressing hard after their intrepid leader, the patriot troops closed steadily on the shrinking line, Arnold, Morgan and Dearborn, coming close up, compelled the whole British army to fall back. The artillery was captured, but the pieces were too heavy to be carried away. One only was secured, which Colonel Cilley mounted and administered the oath of alle-39 giance with his sword, and dedicated it “To the Union Cause.” At this juncture the Americans were re-enforced by General Ten Broeck, who pressed forward with great vehemence. Burgoyne, now finding himself in danger of being surrounded, ordered a retreat into the great redoubt, leaving all his artillery except two howitzers, with a loss of four hundred men and the best of his officers. Ar- nold, following up his advantage with a part of Patterson’s and Glover’s brigades, broke, with a clatter and a crash, into the sally- port of the enemy, where horse and rider sank together—the good steed dead, and Arnold beneath him with his leg shattered to pieces. He was borne back by his brave comrades, and the fight was ended. General Frazer, who "had died early in the morning after the bat- tle, from wounds received in the action, was hurried in the chief redoubt. The engagement lasted just fifty-two minutes. The British army retreated to Schuylerville, and on the 17th of October surrendered to the provincial forces. The ceremony took place at Fort Hardy, which was near the present bridge. Five thousand troops, seven thousand stand of arms, and forty-two pieces of can- non, were the trophies of the Americans. The battle of Saratoga is signalized by historians as one of the fifteen decisive battles of the world. It was the turning-point of our Revolution. It decided the fate of our American independence, changed the ideal dream of freedom for the form of freedom itself, and placed under the trembling arm of Hope the anchor of confidence. Saratoga fairly abounds with handsome drives, and all of these the excursionists “took in,” including Saratoga Lake, the several wonderful spouting springs, the various hills. from which can be seen the Catskills and Green Mountains, with Saratoga Springs spread out like a map below, all of which are easily accessible and worthy a visit. Equestrain parties daily range all parts of the sur- rounding country, and every variety of turnout, from the pony phaeton to the four-in-hand coaches with their pleasure-seeking occupants, are met in every direction. The delights of Saratoga40 Springs are unequalled by those of any watering place in the world. Here we meet ‘‘The glass of fashion, and the mould of form, The observed of all observers!” Drives were also taken around past all the private residences, arid particularly past the great hotels for which Saratoga is so justly - celebrated. “If you want to see big taverns,” said a former prominent lawyer of Paterson, some years ago, “just go to Saratoga.” And he was right. . They are the greatest in the whole world. And their hospitality has a world-wide reputation. “Whoe’er has travell’d life’s dull round, ' , Where’er his stages may have been, May sigh to think he still has found The warmest welcome at an inn.” Written on a window of an Inn. In 1774, Saratoga contained one hotel, with two rooms, and sixteen Indian huts. In 1889, forty hotels, and accomodations for 50,000 guests, and a city of elegant private residences. In 1^74 the first hotel was opened for visitors by John Arnold, of Rhode Island. This pioneer hotel had but a single room on the ground floor and a chamber overhead. The hotel was surrounded by six- teen Indian huts, with their savage owners. The first white man who is known to have visited the locality was Sir William Johnson, who was borne through the woods to The High Rock Spring upon the shoulders of his Indian guides, in the year 1767. Saratoga was then a dense wilderness, unknown to any but the various In’ dian tribes whose well-worn trail from the Hudson River, by Sara- toga Lake, through the Great Bear Swamp, and thence to the lakes, is even now plainly discernable for a short distance through the densest of the woods in Woodlawn Park, a mile north of the pres- ent village. In 1803 the first large hotel, called Union Hall, was opened by Gideon Putman. The Hotels of Saratoga Springs com- mand the wonder and admiration of the world for magnitude, pala- tial accommodations and liberal management.41 WALKS. Saratoga Springs has quite a number of pleasant and entertaining walks, and the visitors can, if so disposed, find ample opportuni- ties for exercise; the first, of course, is: Broadways—The entire length of this fine street is more than three miles in a direct line, and even in the more thronged portions the/crowd is lost amidst the verdure of the double line of beautiful trees which traverses the whole promenade; or the varied hues of gay attire, contrasted with and seen, here and there, amidst the green foliage, produces still a feeling of rural rather than of met- ropolitan life. Much of the street, also, is at all times quiet and country-looking, for the hotels and business quarters occupy only a comparatively small part. This quarter, as far as it extends, is gay enough, with the showy shops of the migratory modistes, and .the other appendages of a fashionable watering place, superadded to the local business of the village. To all this, is to be added the throngs which lounge on the the broad piazzas of the hotels, or which are coming and going to and from the many springs. Broad- way is one entire street, yet you will be reminded in various ways that there is a Broadway, a North Broadway, and a South Broad- way. Broadway proper is that part of the street lying between Division street on the north and Congress street on the south. From Division street a pleasant walk is along North Broadway to Woodlawn Park.—This park is the private property of Judge Hilton, but through his liberality these beautiful grounds, compris- ing some 300 acres, are thrown open to visitors and residents of Saratoga. It is laid out in walks and drives, seven and eight miles in extent, and the paths winding over the lawn and through the shaded groves of forest trees, offer inviting retreats of entrancing beauty that should entice all lovers of nature. Another is to take South Broadway. J ust beyond the Everett House, Ballston avenue turns off diagonally to the right. From this point we can turn either way and wander through quiet stye^t^42 lined with beautiful and costly houses, each half-buried in its shrub- bery and gardens; or forward on South Broadway to The Cemetery.—A village cemetery is always an object of as much interest to the stranger as to the resident, though from differ- ent feelings and different points of view. The one resorts to its quiet haunts to read over again the changeful chapters in his own past life, and to recall memories of absent mates and friends ; while the other finds there curious hints and histories of the people among whom his interest and sympathies are, for the moment, cast. Circular Street.—Is the fashionable residential street of Saratoga, and along which are some beautiful specimens of archi- tecture; the houses are large and well built, and surromfded by handsomely laid out grounds. Another walk, quite as pleasant, and may be productive of some amusement, is to take a walk to the various spring?. Other walks may be taken at will, with no fear of losing the- way, as the towers of the great hotels serve as guide-marks in every direction. DRIVES. The beautiful scenery of Saratoga affords the visitor many pleasant drives to the numerous points of interest in the vicinity. Among the most enjoyable of these is the drive to Saratoga Lake. A trip to “the Lake” .would be a pictorial necessity to all Saratoga visitors, even if it were not, as it is, the terminus of the principal and niost convenient “drive” from the village, and only some five miles away. It is a lovely water in every respect, not grand in its character- istics, to be sure, but replete with quiet and gentle beauty. It is, too, of very commanding proportions, having a liberal length of nine miles. Many and varied scenes of beauty occur within this broad range of water and shore. The boldest feature of the lake is the elevation to be seen on the right, and familiar to visitors as “Snake Hill.” It may be reached by the little steamer which plies between the L^ke House and the Sulphur Spring. , >43 A beautiful drive is through Excelsior Park, the western en- trance of which is at the intersection of East and York Avenues (near Lake Ave.), a little over half a mile east from the Town Hall. Here we find the commencement of a lovely shady walk, bridle 'path and carriage drive through fine old woods. Spouting Springs.—There are regular stages to these springs situated about a mile and a half from the village, round trip, 25 cents; or you can take a private carriage, or you can walk, the latter will probably do you the most good. The best time to go is the latter part of the afternoon, as the Champion Spring gives its regular performance at five o’clock every day except Sunday. Turn- ing off Broadway and ^vending our way along Ballston Avenue, we soon emerge upon the open fields; then we come to the new village that has sprung up about the strange group of springs that has here been discovered. A number of rather startling signs point the way to the various springs. The Triton Spring is on the Geyser Lake. From the lake we pass on towards the Vichy Spring. The Geyser Spouting Spring stands directly opposite the lake, and a few rods from the road. Crossing the railroad embankment by the foot-path, we enter the romantic valley where stands the Champion Spouting Spring. Ballston Spa is the county town of Saratoga county, and is seven miles south of Saratoga Springs. The drive is through Balls- ton Avenue, past Geyser Spring, following by the side of the rail- road to Ballston village. It is a very pretty town of about four thousand inhabitants, with beautifully shaded streets and several objects of interest to the tourist. Chapman’s Hill.—It is about a mile beyond Moon’s Lake House, and is one hundred , and eighty feet above the level of the lake, and from which the visitor can gaze upon a panorama well worth seeing. Wagman’s Hill.—About three miles beyond Chapman’s Hill, in a general northeast course, lies the yet loftier elevation called Wagman’s Hill. It offers a charming view in all directions, andM presents a motive for a moderate excursion, either to commence of to close the clay; or it may be put in as a postscript and taken pleasantly by moonlight. The return trip may be made by Staf- ford’s Bridge. Lake Lovely.—-Not a great distance from the village, and accessible by way of Union Avenue. Waring Hill. —From Waring Hill the spectator will look down upon the villages of Saratoga, Ballston, Mechauicsville, Schuylerville, Schenectady, and Waterford, with many other less important hamlets and settlements. Styles’ Hill.—Styles’. Hill may be reached in a drive of a few miles from the springs. To the intelligent observer the'country around will recall many a thrilling recollection of historic story and romance; for it is, to those who know it, all hallowed ground. The Prospect Hills of Greenfield.—These hills are about three and a half miles northwest of Saratoga Springs. The view of the Green Mountains is very fine, and, to the south, the Helder- berg Hills of Albany and the Catskills. EXCURSIONS. The average visitor to Saratoga does not care for the constant bustle of Broadway and the hotel piazzas, and often desires a change from the somewhat monotonous, though exciting life at the Springs. In the following pages we propose to give a list of beautiful spots to which excursions may be made from Saratoga, occupying gener- ally one day, or at the most two. These excursions will bring the visitor into very romantic surroundings, green fields, grand old mountains, wild dells, dancing waterfalls, fragrant woods, and the real beauty of hillside country life. Mount McGregor.—This delightful mountain resort is con- nected with Saratoga by the famous Saratoga, Mt. McGregor and Lake George Bailroad. Situated 10 1-2 miles north of Saratoga and elevated 1,000 feet above it. The Saratoga station is north of and adjoining the Waverly Hotel on North Broadway. From this point the track runs parallel with the Delaware and Hudson Canal\ 46 Company’s Railway, and passes the Star, Empire, Red, and “A” Springs on the right. Near the water works, the road branches off to the left, skirt- ing along Loughberry Lake, leaving Excelsior Spring and Park on the right and passing Glen Mitchell on the left. From ‘this point the road is nearly straight for six miles and almost on a level grade. Wilton village lies at the foot of Mt. McGregor, and it is from this point that the assent of the mountain begins. The road winds around the mountain some four miles, in the form of a huge letter S, with a uniform grade of 212 feet per mile. The mountain station is on the summit and only a few steps from the Balmoral Hotel. The equipment of the road is most complete. The loco- motives and coaches have been made with exceptional care, skill and taste. The coaches are finished in mahogany, with large adjustable windows to afford an opportunity to enjoy the mountain views. This railway is essentially a pleasure road, and trains will be run to accommodate the public at all reasonable hours, and affording plenty of time to examine the many points of interest about this great popular resort, not the least of which is the superb panorama presented from the Eastern Outlook, embracing the whole northeastern part of the State,, the Green Mountains of Ver- mont, and in the extreme distance the White Mountains of New Hampshire. The visitor to Mt. McGregor is also afforded the opportunity of inspecting the remarkable narrow guage railroad by which the trip from Saratoga is made. Close to the station at Mt. McGregor, is the cottage in which General Grant died, which has been ceded to, and accepted by the Government. The Mt. McGregor Railway Company has absolute control of one thousand acres on this mountain, which will eventually be one of the grandest mountain parks in the world. Riverside.—Fifty miles from Saratoga, at this station, we leave the cars for Chester, Pottersville, Johnsburg, and Schroon Lake. A line of stages runs to Pottersville, distant six miles, thence to the lake, one mile, where the small steamer “Effingham”46 will take passengers up Schroon Lake, to the Wells House, Mill Brook, and to Schroon Village, nine miles distant. Saratoga Lake.—One of the most delightful and enjoyable excursions from the springs to the many beautiful resorts imme- diately surrounding the village, is to be made by the Fitchburg Bailroad to the lake, and thence by steamer to White Sulphur Springs. Their handsome new depot and waiting rooms are loca- ted at the junction of Lake Avenue and Henry street. The cars make close connection at the lake with beautiful and substantial little steamers. Starting out from the landing, the first prominent object of interest that strikes the view of the delighted excursionist is Snake Hill, a high,' cone-shaped promontory, famous, it is said, for the enormous number of snakes, which make it their home, but as the company has engaged a special “St. Patrick” who has forbidden them to enter the company’s ground, no one need be alarmed at their close proximity. A half hour’s sail brings us to the White Sulphur Springs. 1 The grounds about the Hotel comprise over 100 acres of lawn, shaded by grand old forest trees, among which are miles of walks With many charming retreats. Several cottages are on the grounds and more are to be con- structed. These are to be rented to persons either with or without board at the hotel. Elegant and commodious Bath Houses, offer- ing superior facilities for Sulphur and Mineral Baths, both hot and cold, are connected with the Hotel. Saratoga Battle Grounds.—A visit to the scene of the great battle of Saratoga which ended in the surrender of the British army under General Burgoyne to the Americans under Gates, will occupy a pleasant though somewhat long day’s excursion. Take train on Fitchburg Bailroad to Stillwater, and drive to Bemis Heights, dine at Schuylerville and return same day or next. Saratoga Monument.—This fine monument to commemorate the surrender of General Burgoyne is at Schuylerville, and is well47 worth a visit. The monument is now completed and open for in- spection, and trains run every day during the season by Fitchburg Railroad, leaving Saratoga in the morning, returning same day, giving ample time for visiting the monument. There are many other excursions of shorter length, which we „ have described under the head of “Drives.” The longer ones are Hmitless in number and extent. Our object is to suggest those which naturally belong to Saratoga. AMUSEMENTS. The question of providing amusement for the vast number of visitors to Saratoga is in the aggregate something appalling, but in- dividually it sinks into insignificance, for the visitors are as a class, willing, to be pleased, and that is half the battle. For a little amusement on the quiet go in the morning to one of the principal springs and watch the faces of the drinkers and you will admit it is a scene worthy the pencil of a “Hogarth.” Of course it is the pro- per thing for everyone who goes to Saratoga to be ailing in some particular, hence as soon as he rises in the morning his first import- ant thought is of the springs. Hot having consulted a doctor, he pours his complaint into the ear of some willing listener, and re- ceives gratuitous advice in plenty. To hear these innocent mortals tell-of their unruly stomachs'(as though anyone eared for that por- tion of their anatomy) and their blissful enthusiasm concerning their miraculous cures, is one of the amusements of Saratoga. In for a good time the visitor hies for the spring, and in a glorious frame of mind turns to see others drink. Their ways are various, some im- bibe vast glassfuls with a heroic smile, as much as to say, “I told you I would do it;” some wrap their handkerchiefs round the glass for fear of soiling their white gloves, and sip, sip, trying all the time to make ,believe they like it, which isn’t true, others simply drink, and drink, and drink, till the spectator is lost in wonder, love and praise, to think they do not explode like a defective soda fountain. Some call it delicious; others horrid; and some don’t drink at all. Ho place in the world will so bring out the likes and,48 dislikes, weaknesses and small vanities of people as a Saratoga spring early in the morning. To stand on onq side and see the perform- ance, serves as an exhilarant, and will make one good-natured for half a day. Indian Camp and PatOk.—In the grove on top of the hill, and at the corner of Congress, Circular and Spring streets, is a collection of promiscuous amusements for the children and some- what frisky adult population. Archery, hobby-horse, whirligigs, bowling alley, shooting gallery, croquet lawn, photograph galleries, ten-pins, ice cream, lemonade, etc., form some of the enticements of this fascinating play-ground. Indian Encampment.—This is somewhat different and ought not to be confounded with the Indian Camp and Park. This en- campment is a few steps from Broadway on Ballston Avenue, and is passed by all visitors going to Geyser and Vichy Springs. Here are to be found the general accompaniments of a Gypsy life, also archery, rifle range, bowling alley, croquet ground, base ball, bazar of curiosities, and the Circular Railway. A new attraction this year is a Gravity Railroad, on the Switchback principle; this road is 400 feet long. Congress Spring Park.—Congress Park is located in the heart of the village, with its immediate neighborhood fronting the Grand Union, Congress Hall, Columbian, Clarendon and Windsor Hotels. The Columbian and Congress Springs are within its grounds. It has a small lake in the centre, and its trees afford the visitor a pleasant and shady retreat. Doring’s band gives concerts in this park three times a day—diversified by occasional vocal con- certs, balloon ascents, and twice a week a grand display of fireworks. Saratoga CQuseum.—The building lately occupied by the Seltzer Spring Co., is now utilized for the purpose of a museum by the Saratoga County Cabinet, in the lower rooms there is a fine zoological collection, and the upper rooms are devoted to rare specp |pens in geology, mineralogy and archseology.49 The Saratoga Hop.—Music and dancing are of course very important items in the catalogue of Saratoga amusements, and the appointments of Saratoga Springs, in this wise, are most ample and excellent. The guest dines and sups at ease and leisure, and when the diurnal hour arrives for the saltatory devotions of the evening, he or she steals a glance at the approving mirror, calls the conquering smile to the lips, points the expectant toe with required grace, and floats at once into the elysian maze. The “Hop,” when it reaches the proportions and dignity of a ball, is an occasional and more elaborate mystery, and is held at one particular “house” in behalf of the whole; the toilet becomes a matter of life and death, and to the utter forgetfulness of the price of gold. The order of the dancing and the programme of the orchestra are solemnly ' considered and formally announced; and last, though not least, agreeable refreshments are provided for the sustenance of the exhausted devotees. It is not, however, on occasions only, frequent as they may be, that Saratoga dances. On the contrary, it is forever dancing or drinking—the one exercise being the omega as the other is the alpha of its butterfly life. Each and every night bands of skilled musicians discourse at the hotels, and those who will may waltz and polka unceasingly. Travelling Amusements.—Saratoga is scarcely ever without some special attraction. Either an Opera diva, a comedy or dra- matic company, a concert party, a circus, a menagerie, or ;some specialty, all of which pick up the dollars and depart, others taking their places, and so it goes on until the season wanes. Garden Parties are now a feature in hotel life. These are nights of enchantment, and would require an Alladin to picture them in all their oriental splendor. Boat f^aees, Base^Ball patches, ete.-^—Rowing Re- gattas are held at Saratoga Lake, and embrace races between college crews and other amateurs as well as professional oarsmen. These usually begin in July, and occur at intervals during the season,50 The Saratoga traces.—The famous race-course, which lies about a mile out of town, and which.was surveyed and laid out in 1863 by Charles H. Ballard, is tlie largest in the Union, not even excepting the great Fashion Course, on Long Island, and the more modern Jerome Park in New York. It is the favorite resort of the leading “horsemen” of the land, and the best blooded steeds are brought hither every season for the display of their prowess in wind and limb. This year the meeting will be an exceptionally good one, every horse of known repute having been entered; nor is it to be wondered at, for the amount of money offered by the asso- ciation for the regular racing days is from $80,000 to $100,000. There will be two meetings, the first commencing July 24th and ending August 10th; the second commencing August 12th, and ending August 28th. The regular racing days are Tuesday, Thurs- days and Saturdays; but the practice has been in former years and will be carried out this, to have extra races on the off days, so thaq. practically there will be races every week day from July 24th to August 28’th. From the character and number of horses entered Mr. Wheatey anticipates that this season will eclipse everything in racing annals that ever took place in America. Saratoga Club Jlouse.—This building is on East Congress street, and opposite Congress Park. It was formerly occupied by the late John Morrissey. It is a fine building, beautifully sur- rounded and elegantly furnished. Here a gentleman will find a menu equal to many of the best hotels, where there is all the free- dom of a club-house. Dr. Strong’s Sanitarium, Situated on Circular street, is a flourishing and largely patronized health resort all the year, and a favorite summer home for many eminent persons, who visit it with their families during the season, while there are always many persons there under medical treatment, yet the casual observer would not suspect its remedial character. It presents to the eye all the features of a first-class family hotel, thronged by a select company. It is noted for its literary, musical and other entertain-§1 ments. Its Turkish, Russian "'and other baths, are greatly enjoyed by the patrons of’ the house* and the habituets of Saratoga as a resort for those seeking health, rest or pleasure. We know of no place more inviting. PARKS, Congress Spring Park.—This fine park comprises almost the entire plot of ground encompassed by Broadway, Congress and Circular streets. Originally a forest, possessing many natural attractions, it has been materially improved by grading, draining, and the addition of many architectural adornments, until it now presents a most beautiful appearance, and is one of Saratoga’s prin- cipal charms. During the year 1876, the Congress and Empire Spring Company expended nearly $100,000 on these improvements, and now it surpasses all other parks of equal size in the United States in the beauty of its graceful and artistic architecture. The grade of the low ground was raised from two to seven feet, and a new plan of drainage adopted, which involved in its system the elegant new reservoir and the charming miniature lake. The grand entrance is at the junction of Congress street and Broadway, near the Grand Union Hotel and Congress Hall, on what is now called Monument Square. On entering, turn to the right, and you may pass through a short Colonnade to the graceful spring house over the Columbian Spring, or from the entrance turn to the left through a longer colonnade, and you come to the interior of the artistic pavilion over Congress Spring. In this interior the Con- gress Spring water is passed by uniformed attendants, and you may partake of it while seated at a little table upon which the -water is served. The process of drawing the water is novel, and you will be interested to observe it, while the mode of serving affords oppor- tunity to drink at leisure and at ease, without the jostling and spill- ing incident to the old systems pursued at the other springs in town. Passing down a few steps and along the colonnade, you reach the elegant cafe, where hot coffee and other refreshments may be partaken of while listening to the park music and enjoying52 the charming view of the lakes and grounds from the cafe pavilion-. Passing from the cafe, you may stroll at will, visiting the lakes and the shaded lawns, and listening to the delightful music of the very celebrated Park Band, which plays morning, afternoon and even- ing. In the evening the band occupies the very unique and artis- tic music pavilion in the centre of the lake. Strolling along to the south part of the grounds you may visit the deer shelter and park, where are several animals that roam and skip about within the enclosure, greatly to the delight of the children and the amuse- ment of the adults. In the park, amid the flowers and shrubs, strolling over the grass-covered, shaded lawns, or lounging under the grand old forest trees, enchanted by the charming music—here it is that one may enjoy the supreme delights of a genuine rural summer resort. Every convenience for park enjoyment is here afforded, including abundant settees, and shade, and the security of efficient police supervision. The grounds are thoroughly lighted at night by the Weston Electric Light, rendering them available as a place of evening resort. The scene in the evening, on the occa- sion of one of the grand concerts, is remarkably brilliant and charm- ingly fascinating. Admission to the park is regulated by tickets, for which a nom- inal charge is made: Single admission tickets, admitting to all except evening concerts, 10 cents each, or 25 tickets for $2.00; 50 for $3.50, one hundred for $6.00. No charge for children under ten years of age accompanied by older persons. Admission to grand and sacred evening concert, 25 cents, unless advertised other- wise. Tickets may be obtained at the entrance to the park. Some may wonder that in a resort like Saratoga there is no park open to the public without charge, but such is the fact. Con- gress Park, however, supplies for trifling charge the desirable seclu- sion and security of a private park. Excelsior Park.—This park, on Spring Avenue, contains one hundred and eighty acres of land, extending from Lake Ave- nue to Loughberry Lake, and including the grove. - A road leads53 north, around Excelsior Lake, to the Loughberry Water Works, where the great Holly Engines continually pump the lake-water through the village. A few moments may well be spent here exam- ining these splendid engines in motion.' ' Geyser Park.—This park embraces a tract of about 100 acres surrounding the Geyser Spring, and is open to visitors who are invited by numerous rustic chairs and settees, to enjoy the nat- ural beauties of this charming vicinity. Leaving South Broadway and going to Ballston Avenue we reach this park immediately after crossing the railway, from thence down to the spring, leaving the spring house by the rear door, we enter upon the ramble and follow the shady path down into the dell. From the rustic bridge is a pretty view of the waterfall near the spring house, and in the vicinity are several springs of varied mineral properties, more or less undeveloped, but indicating the great richness of this region in mineral waters. * Woodlawn Park, belonging to Judge Henry Hilton, though private property, promises, through the owner’s liberality, to be an Arcadia, free to all visitors to Saratoga. It is located about a mile northwest of the village. About twelve hundred acres of wood, field and dell, which by the aid of hundreds of laborers and unlimi- ted expenditure of money, has been. turned into a magnificent park. Yaddo.—The country seat of Mr. Spencer Trask, of New York, is on the road from Saratoga to the lake. It contains about 400 acres, and is a charming spot. Mr. Trask has decided to allow parties driving to the lake, the opportunity of going through his grounds, which they may do either in going or returning. Leav- ing Saratoga for the north, the first station is Gansevoort, named so after Colonel Peter Gansevoort of Albany, who, in the Revolutionary War, distinguished himself by Lis gallant defence of Fort Oriskany, and whoresided here when the war was over. The village stands upon the Snookhill, east of theu Palmertown Mountains. It is situated in the town named after the French General, Moreau. Smith’s Basin, sixty-three miles from Albany. Fort Edward.—The first mention of Fort Edward in history appears in 1690. In July of this year General Fitz John Winthrop, in command of 700 troops, set forward from Albany for the con- quest of Canada. They reached this, the Great Carrying Place, on the 5th of August, the soldiers having marched up with their pro- visions and horses, the Dutch militia coming up the river in their canoes. The next day they marched twelve miles through a con- tinuous swamp, abounding in white pine, to the falls on Wood Creek (Fort Ann), carrying their provisions and canoes upon their backs. On the 7th the General passed down the creek with the soldiers in bark canoes, flanked by the Indians, to the Hautkill (Whitehall), where he encamped. In 1709 Colonel Schuyler, as commander of the pioneers in the expedition under General Nichol- son, established here a post, which he called Fort Nicholson, and then proceeded up to the fork of Wood Creek, and there constructed a redoubt, which he named Fort Schuyler. It afterward received the name of Fort Ann. The army retired in November, having first burned the forts and canoes. In 1711 occurred General Nicholson’s second expedition, when he prepared a way, or tram- road, which was three feet four inches wide, between Fort Nichol- son and Fort Ann, for the purpose of transporting his boats from the Hudson River to Lake Champlain. In 1744 John Henry Lydius, a merchant and Indian trader, a man of extensive acquire- ments and prominence, built him a house, which he fortified and which was known as Fort Lydius. In November, 1745, Lydius’s house was plundered and burned by M. Marin and the Indians, on their way to the capture of Saratoga, and his son was taken prisoner. In 1755 General Lyman, commanding the vanguard of the great expedition of Sir William Johnson, caused to be laid out on the site, of Lydius’s house an extensive fort, at the mouth of Fort Edward Creek. The fort was 1,560 feet in circumference, and was of an55 irregular quadrangular form. Two of its sides were protected by Fort Edward Creek and the river. Its ramparts were sixteen feet high and twenty-two feet thick, and were guarded by six cannon. The fort. contained magazine, storehouse, barracks and hospital. In addition to this, barracks and storehouses were built on the island in the river opposite. Several years were occupied in completing the fort, which was named Fort Edward, in honor of the Duke of York, brother of George the Third. In 1757 General Webb was in command of the northern frontier headquarters at Fort Edward, with 4,000 men. He refused to assist Colonel Monroe at Lake George, who, in consequence, was forced to surrender to Montcalm. He was succeeded by General Lyman, who held the fort during Abercrombie’s campaign of the following year. In 1759 Lord Am- herst rendezvoused at this place with an army of 11,000 troops, on their way to the attack and final conquest of Canada. In 1777 the fort was held by 5,500 Americans, who retired before the advance of Burgoyne; and the beautiful Jane McCrea was murdered by Indians near the village, under circumstances which have caused her story to become one of the saddest in the New World’s history. All these records of the great past are now obliterated, the fort levelled, and even the creek has been turned from its channel by the construction of the Champlain Canal, and a beautiful and en- terprising town occupies the ground. Among the objects of in- terest are the blast furnaces, the paper mills and the lumbering establishments. Fort Ann.—The fort was erected in 1757, about where the Champlain Canal now crosses the village. In August, 1758, Put- nam and 500 rangers were ambushed and defeated by the French partisan chief Molong, with a large force of French and Indians. The rangers suffered fearfully, and Putnam was captured and was being burnt at the stake when Molong rescued him from the sav- ages. . Three-quarters of a mile northwest of Fort Ann the railroad traverses the rocky defile where the garrison of the fort attacked the Ninth British Regiment, July 8, 1777. After a long ancl56 obstinate conflict the Americans were forced to retreat. The train now descends the valley of Wood Creek, on the right of which are the Cossayuna Highlands, and on the left the uninhabited defile^ of the Palmertown and Fort Ann Mountains. Comstocks, seventy-one miles from Albany. Whitehall.—The Champlain and Saratoga divisions of the “D. & H.” meet here. The Champlain division, skirting the picturesqe western shore of Lake Champlain, 114 miles to Houses Point, was opened for traffic through to Montreal, November 16th, 1875. The town is situated in a deep and rugged ravine. at the foot of Skeenes Mountain, amid bold and rocky scenery. The place was first known as Huntkill, and was visited by General Winthrop in 1690. In March, 1765, Captain Philip Skeene, who had served with credit in the Enniskillen Regiment, in the old French war, obtained a patent for the township of Skeenesborough. In 1770 he established his residence at Whitehall, built mills and forges, and opened the road to Bennington. His house, situated on William Street, was of stone, thirty by forty feet, and two and a half stories high. His barn was also of stone, one hundred and thirty feet long. The doorway was arched,, and the keystone, bear- ing the letters “P. K. S.” and the date “1770,” is preserved in the wall of the Baptist Church. About a mile beyond Whitehall is Fiddler’s Elbow, where high rocks jut into the stream, and, com- pressing it into narrow limits, make a short and sudden curve. In 1758 Putnam, having been sent out with a party of fifty rangers to scout along Woods Creek and South Bay, caused to be erected at this spot a stone breastwork, and concealed its front by planting pine trees, so as to present the appearance of a forest, A body of French and Indians, commanded by M. Marin, approached the spot in boats. Putnam saw them by the light of the full moon, and allowed them to approach within pistol shot. As they were collected together in a mass beneath him, he gave the command to fire, and a shower of balls sent dearth ^nd gonstemation ipto theU*57 midst. All was confusion until the enemy effected a landing, charged upon and routed the provincials. The train still follows the Saratoga division, and runs north- east from Whitehall, across Low Hampton, then .passes the Poult- ney River and enters the State of Vermont. A richly productive slate region is now traversed, and the line passes Fairhaven and HydeviUe.—Hear here is Lake Bomoseen, which is eight miles long,, and is lined with quarries of marble and slate. Castleton, Vt., is a pretty village, which contains the State -Normal School. Three hundred million white soapstone slate pen- cils, one thousand billiard beds, thousands of slate mantels, and vast amounts of marble, slate and marbleized »slate are turned out here yearly. Seven miles north is Hubbardton, where Fraser’s light infantry routed the American' rear guard retreating from Fort Ticonderoga, 507 men being lost on both sides. This is the north- ern end of the Rutland & Washington Division of the “D. & H.,” going south to Eagle Bridge, fifty-three miles. This branch passes through a region of slate quarries and rolling hills to Poultney.—A pleasant New England village among fine hill scenery, and much frequented as a summer resort. Eight miles southeast of Poultney are the Middletown Springs, one of the most famous mineral springs in Vermont, to which daily stages run, while pleasant drives may be made to Lake Bomoseen, Carter’s Falls, and Lake St. Catherines—a mountain lake six miles long by a mile and a half wide—the Gorge, and the Bowl. Soon after leaving Poultney the line re-enters New York, and traversing the rich intervales of the valley of the Pawlet River, passes through the .extensive slate quarrying towns of Middle Granville, N. Y., Granville, N. Y., West Pawlet, Vt., and Rupert, Vt., to Salem, N. Y.—A village that one who enters it on a summer day does not want to leave, so attractive are its shaded,, quiet streets58 and its poetic surroundings. To the east are Mounts Equinox and HMus, and a-few miles west is Cossayuna Lake, a beautiful sheet three miles long, surrounded with high hills and dotted with green islands; and high up among the Cossayuna Highlands is Argyle Lake. Ho stranger in Salem should omit to visit its beautiful cem- etery and enjoy the fine views to be obtained from its heights. Leaving Salem, the line passes along White Creek, through Shushan, and out of the valley of the Batten Kill, through the lake-studded Taghkanick Hills, to Cambridge, similar in size and attractions to Salem; thence down the Owl Creek Valley to the southern terminus of the Divis- ion at Eagle Bridge, where connection is made with other railroads for Albany and Troy. Returning again to the main line at Castle- ton, the railroad pursues an easterly course through West Rutland, where every branch of the marble industry may be observed on a greater scale than at any other place. The quarries at this point are of great interest and extent, and will well repay a long journey to see them. Thence the line passes Centre Rutland, and terminates at Rutland, Vt.—A beautiful and prosperous town of 12,000 in- habitants. There are many fine churches, public buildings and residences here. Pleasant excursions may be made to Clarendon Springs, six miles south, a beautiful and popular watering-place, to the summit of Killington Peak, seven miles east. Rutland was settled about 1770, and fortified’in 1775, as a station in the great northern military road. In 1777 St. Clair’s army retreated through the town. From Fort Edward a branch road extends to Lake George (Caldwell station) fifteen miles. The first station is Sandy Hill, an active village on the high, rocky north bank pf the Hudson. TUreq miles beyond is.59 Grlens Fall^.—^This beautiful town takes its name from the falls of the Hudson River, which tumbles over a precipice sixty- three feet high, forming a scene of picturesqueness sufficiently in- teresting to induce many travelers to stop over. The island below the falls is associated with Cooper’s 4‘Last of the Mohicans.” Here, amid the roaring of this very cataract, if romance may be believed, the voice of Uncas, the last of the Mohicans, was heard and heeded; here Hawkeye kept his vigils. The town has a popu- lation of about 9,000. Quarries of black marble are worked, and enormous quantities of limestone are excavated for conversion into lime. Along the banks of the river, on each side, are the finest saw-mills on the continent. The river from here to Fort Edward, a distance of six miles, is a succession of waterfalls, equal in the aggregate to 130 feet. About three miles from Glens Falls the view of the plain and village and distant mountains is one of the loveliest to be seen in any land. The railroad now descends the defile of a wild and exceedingly beautiful forest valley, toward Lake George, with occasional views of surpassing beauty of the dis- tant lake. About five miles beyond Glens Falls the road passes near Williams Rock, a large bowlder which marks the scene of “The Bloody Morning Scout.” On September 7, 1755, Colonel Ephraim Williams, with 1,200 men, was sent out to engage the French vanguard of Hieskau’s army, which was marching from Grown Point against the Anglo-Colonial army under General John- son ; 200 of William’s men were Mohawk Indians, under command . of their noble white-haired chief, Hendrick. The detachment advanced into the very centre of the invading army, which was marching in a great half-moon curve. A terrible massacre ensued in the ravine, which is still called the Blody Defile. Williams and Hendrick, with most of their men, were slain, and their dead bodies thrown into Bloody Pond, a dark pool so named because the waters of Rocky Brook, its outlet, were crimsoned with the blood of the wounded and dead. The pond is a short distance beyond the Williams monument, close by the track. “Such was this me-BO taorial day, whose importance can hardly be overestimated. This was one of the decisive battles of the world. It marked the hour when the tide of French conquest in the JSTew World began to ebb, until it disappeared with the shot that pierced the breast of Mont- calm on the heights of Quebec.” Soon the magnificent panorama of the gleaming lake, with its myriad of islands and azure mountain frames, is suddenly revealed to us, and we are at Caldwell, the head or southern end of Lake George.LAKE GEORGE. [S matchless sheet of water is thirty-three miles long, from northeast to southwest, and from three-quarters to four miles wide. It empties, to the north into Lake Champlain, from which it is separated by a narrow ridge only four miles wide. In c‘Har- per’s Magazine,” a few years ago, a distinguished writer says: “It is a noteworthy fact that the most attractive resorts of tour- ists in Europe and Asia are rendered doubly interesting by the his- toric and legendary associations which invest them. Thus the visi- tor to those noted spots finds himself not only - entranced by the loveliness of the scenery, but his imagination is also kindled and his sympathies are aroused by a contemplation of the scenes which have occurred there; a summer trip of pleasure may thus also assume the guise of a pilgrimage to the memory of the men of other days. “In a relative degree the same may be said of the New World, and of this Lake George offers a prominent example. Long before the men of this generation were born, Indians, Frenchmen and Englishmen, priest, soldier, fair-haired maiden, tawny squaw, and even the deer of the forest, were fighting and acting in the grim tragedy of existence on the shores of Horicon, and weaving around its matchless waters associations that would add a pleasant melan- choly, a romantic charm, to the enchanting beauty which renders it the most winsome spot in the United States. “It is quite worth one’s while to consider how a place of this description should be approached. One goes to it to escape for a few days from the tumultuous influences of the age, by its placid flood to revel in a lotus-eating repose* and with reverential soul to bow at the shrine of nature, and place himself in sympathy withthe Great Spirit who limned those hills, and poured between them molten turquoise, and overarched them with a vault quick wTith stars; who, from the majesty of eternity, watched the stirring scenes formerly enacted there, and has embued us with feelings that lead us forth to enjoy the inexhaustible beauty of a lake which lies among the everlasting hills like a sparkling eye in the smiling face of happy childhood. “And thus, by an easy and ever-suggestive transition, one at last finds himself standing on the sandy beach of the magical lake. It is difficult to describe the quiet delight one feels as he gazes on the expanse of tranquil azure spread before him, like a part of the sky inlaid on the emerald bosom of the earth. Peace is in the very air which lazily slumbers over the water, while the monotone of the silvery ripples rolling on the yellow sands, and the musical moan of the breeze in the cone-scented pines, seem to carry the soul back to other days. Lake George is, indeed, like a work of art of the highest order, for it has the quality of improving the more one studies its attractions, and the ever-harmonious flow of lines con- stantly suggests a composition of consummate genius, in which every effect has been corfibined to produce a certain ideal. The lake is about thirty-four miles long, but is so divided by clusters of islets or overlapping promontories as to give the impression of a succession of lakes five in number. It was discovered by Champlain, between 1609 and 1613, and was named by Father Jacques the Lake of St. Sacrament. The Indian name was Andiatarocte,.which meant the Tail of the Lake. Horicon is a fanciful title given to the lake by Cooper, who objected to the name it now bears, which was bestowed on it by the English. There is an attempt on the part of some to abolish the present name of Lake George, but it is too firmly incorporated with our national history to be obliterated at this late day, while it also reminds us of the time when we boasted of our English ancestry, and looked with honest and ,manly pride on the banner which still represents the greatest empire the world has seen.63 “Caldwell, at the head of the lake, is a leaf-embowered hamlet at the foot of lofty hills. Behind it rises Prospect Mountain, and French Mountain faces it on the east. .Between these heights re- poses a rolling valley bordering on the lake, which has been the scene of some of the most romantic and thrilling events in our his- tory. The position of Lakes George and Champlain early pointed them out as vastly important in those times as a portage, and this made it essential to hold the head of each lake. The French for a time secured control of the latter by a formidable fortress at Ticon- deroga, while the English sought to hold Lake George by two forts at the head of the lake, called respectively Fort William Henry and Fort George. The first was built of logs, surrounded by earthworks of some size, directly on the edge of a low bluff washed by the w&ves. The possession of these forts was a capse of much tjorcier64 u > J iLALKE GEORG-B, H. L. SHERMAN, Manager, “ D. W. SHERMAN, Prop. -----------------------).SHAS014 1890. (-—— THE MARION WILL BE OPEN FOR GUESTS ON OR ABOUT JUNE 25. PRICE OF BOARD, $14 TO $25 PER WEEK, $3.50 PER DAY. The Marion House is supplied with all the material comforts that custom demands, or a thoughtful consideration for the needs of summer visitors could suggest. Its public rooms are spacious,'delightfully open to air and view, richly furnished through- out and contain many unconventional appliances that tend to enjoyable ease. Its sleeping rooms are large, furnished modestly,?but with excellent material, and sup- plied with the best beds the market affords. An elevator renders all floors almost equally desirable, leaving but little choice in sleeping apartments, unless there may be preferences in regard to,points of compass. A system of wires and electric bells brings guests’ rooms Within quick signaling distance of the office. Telegragh connec- tions with the Western Union and an operator located in theiotfice place the guests in communication with all parts of the world. Mails arrive and depart four times daily, sanitary conditions are pronounced perfect; and special atfention has been observed in securing complete ventilation in all the rooms. The House is lighted with gas throughout, and is supplied with soft, sweet water, copious and pure, by pipes from a spring on West Mountain. The table is supplied with Western beef; lamb and poul- try from the mountain farm of the proprietor; fresh eggs and vegetables from the same source, and an abundant supply of fresh butter and milk .from the drove of “Jerseys” for which the place has become famous. Steamboats leave Caldwell on the arrival of all trains from the South, running direct to the Marion dock, and leave the Marion to connect with all trains going South and North. The Pearl Point House t>. W. SWHfBSHf PPop,9 Lake George, - - - - N. Y. ——tSEflSOfi 1890. J-----— OPEN FOR GUESTS ON OR ABOUT JUNE 25. The Pearl Point House is one of the leading Hotels of The Lake. Its furniture and appointments are liberal and complete in every respect; is located 12 miles from Caldwell, on the east side, in the most attractive part of the Lake known as the “narrows.” Good;fishing and boating are some of its attractions. Including two handsome cottages, it affords ACCOMMODATIONS FOR 150 GUESTS. It is supplied daily with meat, milk, vegetables, etc., from the same source' as the Marion House. It has all the requisites for pleasure-seekers, and boasts of the largest fleet of sail and row boats on the Lake. Telegraph office in the House. Four mails arrive and depart daily. Board: Per week, $12 to $21; per day, $3.50. For further information write to D. W. SHERMAN, GLENS FALLS, N. y, Up to June 25? afterward af Lake George, N. Y.65 warfare, and several severe conflicts occurred in the- immediate4 * vicinity. ' “It is true,v that two years later Vaudreuil came over the ice* and attempted to surprise Fort William Henry, and’that in August of the same year Montcalm, with 8,000 men, including his Indian allies, advanced again on Fort William Henry, and captured it; but- the fiat of destiny had passed, and it proved only a barren conquest,. and Montcalm returned to Canada, leaving the fort a smoking ruin > in the solitude, and with a name tarnished by the bloodiest mas- sacre in our annals. The story of that dreadful days is too well known to be repeated here. The gallant defence, the cowardice of* General Webb, the noble bearing of Colonel Munroe, the treachery of Montcalm, will live while time endures, and the shrieks of 1,500* helpless men, women and children, butchered in cold blood, still, seem to echo like a mournful elegy at nightfall through, the glens and glades of Lake George. “At this spot* some years later, the army of Lord Abercrombie encamped, and here it embarked for the ill-starred expedition? against Ticonderoga, followed in the subsequent year by the army of Lord Amherst, which succeeded in expelling the French from both lakes forever. Little now remains to mark the stirring scenes* which occurred there so long ago in the wilderness. How and then? the ploughshare turns up an arrow-head or a bullet, a bit of a flint- lock or a skull. The outline of Fort William Henry is* still more- or less descernible, especially the salient angles abutting on the* lake, and in the water below are fragments of the wharf where* boats were moored and loaded. “Fort George, although in a most dilapidated condition,.due in? part to the disgraceful conduct of the neighboring: farmers, who* burned part, of its walls for lime, yet remains a picturesque ruin,, one of the few we still possess. It is star-shaped, and stands on a slight eminence in a valley surrounded by lofty hills. It must’, have- been a difficult position to carry by assault in those days. A few years ago, the lake could be distinctly seen from, the* fort,, but the-66 pines have since grown up, and form a massive screen, as if to shel- ter it from further damage from the elements and man. It is a charming spot toward evening, a scene of extraordinary beauty and pastoral repose—velvety moss cushioning the mouldering ramparts, •ox-eyed daisies speckling the green, and golden-rod softening its gaudy yellow in the delicate rosy light suffusing the landscape. The purple shadows slowly creep up the hill-sides; on the stillness float the far-off crow of the barnyard fowls, and the tinkle of their bells as the cattle wend homeward; and nearer by are heard the plaintive, monotonous peep of the phcebe-bird, the buzz of the locust, and the cricket’s creaking soliloquy. What does he care what happened at Fort George last century, if you but leave him to chirp away at his own sweet will. “Descending from Fort George to the shore, one comes to a rude bridge over a creek which makes into the land. There a half hour may often be judiciously spent in contemplating one of the •choicest scenes on the lake, and with curious fancy endeavoring to picture the further beauties which are yet to be revealed in wan- dering over it. On either hand are graceful points tufted with Druidic pine and white-pillared birch, leading up to slopes at once beautiful and majestic. In the dim distance the far-off shores are limned hazily against the sky, while nearer islets, showing darkly ; against them, serve as a foil to increase the aerial prospective. As seen from here, the lake appears a sheet of water perhaps ten miles long, and no suggestion of any water beyond is presented to the •eye. “Is yonder graceful form that now poises almost motionless in the blue above, and now swoops majestically northward, an eagle? or is it the spirit of some Indian chief? or is it the genius of the scene, that bids us launch away in a sail-boat, steamer, or canoe to •explore the beauties of Lake George! Whichever it be, let us fol- low in its track, and obey the influence which it suggests. The sail- boat offers a delightful mode of wandering over the blue waters, but the suddenness and violence of the squalls which often occur,67 and the liability to be struck by a back flaw from a mountain cliff, makes this very hazardous, except to those who possess caution, skill and experience. The light skiff, easily gliding under the im- pulse of oars, is better for most, especially if they have time to be- stow to paddling among the creeks and coves. “Tea Island—a minute islet a mile from Caldwell—first calls attention after leaving the village. It is a legendary spot, for Aber- erombie is said to have buried treasure there. Why he should have done so, and whether he actually did do so, are questions for the curious, but the legends of the lake should not be lightly over- thrown. They form part of its heritage and attractions. Slip- ping by Diamond Island, noted for its quartz crystals, and the pine- feathered shores of Long Island, the largest of George’s isles, we reach on the eastern shore a finger-like cluster of promontories forming several charming and romantic bays. These are West, Slim and Sheldon’s points, the last forming one side of Sheldon’s Bay, which winds in a southerly direction for several miles. The striking woodland at the end of the point is and has long been a favorite camping-ground for those who like to rough it. “No place could be found which more thoroughly fulfills the conditions requisite to camping out than Lake George. Shut in from the boisterous world by surrounding mountains, its shores are ^ fringed by the most fairy-like nooks and sheltered coves, while the islets, which so abound as to be fabled to reach the mystic number of 365, offer the most delicious wooded retreats. Sometimes isola- ted, sometimes interwoven in a tangled mesh of green, intersected by the mottled azure of sheeny waters, the tent or the bark shealing of the idler may nestle under the pine and birch, almost invisible, while the light skiff is drawn upon the mimic beach, and the hila-. rious songs and mirth of the sportsmen indicate how successfully they are driving dull care away amid those scenes of enchantment. The waters also abound with fish—bass, trout and pickerel—and the neighboring thickets afford in the season a sufficient variety of game, including such noble quarry as the bear and deer. There is \68 also a quality in the air of Lake George which is invigorating and! stimulating as an elixir. When the wind is from the north, the atmosphere is so limpid and pure it seems as if the lake was inclos- ed within a crystal sphere which shuts out all dust and taint. There are a few places where quinine would be so likely to sell at a discount as at Lake George. “Leaving the idyllic nooks of Sheldon’s Bay, we make a run across the lake with a flowing sheet, a reef in the mainsail, and a sharp eye to windward, for the flaws are lively. The lake is here four miles wide, or from the bottom of Sheldon’s Bay nearly seven miles on a northwest course, heading for Basin Bay. We pass; Little Green Island, and have Dome Island, whose vertical sides and top are covered with masses of velvety vegetation, Shelving Rock, and the bold crags of Tongue Mountain on our right, Black Mountain looming up grandly in the distance. Basin Bay is a re- tired, land-locked, forest-hidden cove, encircled by a sandy beach. On a point at the entrance stands a solitary tree, like a light-house on a jetty. From here it is but a short run to Bolton’s Bay, around by Recluse Island and an adjacent rocky isle, with which it is con- nected by a rustic bridge. “Bolton, among a host of attractive spots on the lake, holds, in my opinion, a rank among the two or three most interesting points. There is no point of Lake George where the views are so varied or more satisfactory, excepting the one from Sabbath-day Point. At Bolton the little islets which dot the surface of a lake whose waters are blue as the sea in the tropics carry the eye to the rosy-tinted range which includes Pilot, Buck, and Erebus moun- tains, and culminates in the stateliness of Black Mountain. Or, looking northwest, the superb masses of verdure on Green Island are seen mirrored on the burnished surface of the lake. Behind rises the mighty dividing wall called Tongue Mountain, which seems to separate the lake in twain, for Ganouskie, or Northwest Bay, five miles long, is in effect a lake by itself, with its own particular features. Free from islands, and of a somewhat severe style of<69 ’beauty, Ganouskie Bay wins our respect rather than our affection. •One can imagine that, in the shades of the forests on its shores, the Indians of old might have buried their sachems with barbaric pomp at midnight. “At certain hours one is reminded of the Trosachs on Loch Katrine, when gazing up the receding waters and dark heights of Granouskie Bay. Catamount Mountain rises on its western side, like a mighty fortress crowned at one end by a huge bastile. Does •one weary of these spacious prospects and long for bits of nature less fatiguing to the imagination, then Bolton affords the rambler the choicest of nooks, the most enticing little coves, encircled by mossy banks. More than any other resort of the lakes does it offer pleasing walks and drives. Of these, one of the most charming is from the landing to the village, which is called the Huddle. The name at once suggests some of the closely crowded hamlets of Eu- rope. It is in reality,a straggling collection of small farm-houses, including a smithy, two shops and a post office, blustered around a brook which foams down, the mountain with a perpetual song of joy, as it hies on its merry way to merge its sparkling waters with those of the lake at the head of Bolton Bay. Why the hamlet should have such a preposterous name is purely a matter of conjec- ture. Possibly in order ito indicate what it is not. Perhaps to some of the simple, honest farmers, who live lonely lives in solitary houses, miles away from any other dwelling, a collection of fifteen or twenty houses might suggest a crowd confusedly huddled. There is a wood on Bolton Bay, reached by a pathway at the Huddle, which is really one of the most exquisite spots on the lake. The •entrance faces a mossy bank, which takes the most vivid tints when embroidered with the golden rays of the mid-day sun. “One should not leave Bolton without seeing a thunder storm gathering in the mountains behind it, and gradually overcasting the waters of the lake with a steely gray. The roll of the thunder iis very grand at Lake George, with its troop of echoes, and the lightning blending with the moonlight produces a weird and indes-70 cribable effect. The gentle angler will be pleased to learn that some* of the best fishing grounds of the lake are near Bolton. Skirting the reddish shores of Green Island, we now take a soft summer wind and quietly steal across to Fourteen-mile Island and Shelving. Rock, whose shore abounds in inviting bays. Into the prettiest of these empties a brook. Near by are the Shelving Rock Falls, a lovely cascade. Leaving on our right a miniature archipelago* called the Hen and Chickens, and passing under the beetling scaurs of Shelving Rock, we now enter the Narrows, which are well guarded by a string of closely clustered islands, tufted with birch* chestnut and pine. We pass next into another section of Lake- George, so shut in at either end by islets and promontories as to seem an entirely distinct sheet of water. This impression is deep-71 ened by the different and individual character of its scenery. From, a spacious bay, four or five miles wide and twelve miles long, we; enter a narrow strait swarming with islets both in mid-channel and along the thickly wooded shores, and surrounded by the peaks and precipices of Tongue and Black Mountains, which stand face to face in all their majesty. One is here reminded of the Highlands on the Hudson, or of certain parts oftlthe Danube. “Leisurely crossing the Hundred-Mile Island, and thence to> Pearl Point, we arrive at last at the most enchanting nook in the whole lake; it is called Paradise Bay. A small peninsula, joined by a narrow strip to the mainland, makes out from the foot of the= mountain. It is quite regularly indented with many coves, and where it ends it is met by a chain of islets, which enclose in their embrace a transparent pool of extraordinary clearness and beauty. These islets are in turn divided by serpentine lanes of crystalline' water, and are so densely draped with forest, underwood and vine, and so royally carpeted with Irish .moss speckled with bluebells and everlasting flowers, that it is difficult to tell where the land begins and where it ends. Well is it named Paradise Bay. Every mom- ent in the hushed stillness one expects to see sylphides sporting in the thicket, or naiads showing a white shoulder above the tranquil water, which spreads like a variegated, many-colored floor of polish- ed marble, or like an expanse of flowered satin, as it reflects the* surrounding scene on its bosom, Overhead in the serene heavens' poises the eagle of the forest,, as if to see that no one disturbs the glorious solitude of this sylvan retreat. Is it too much to hope that no pickaxe or spade will ever mar the perfect beauty of this lovely1 spot by the handiwork of man? “Gliding out of Paradise Bay, quite another scene confronts us- when, a short mile beyond, we come to Black Mountain Point,, and take a nearer view of the citadel of Lake George. This peak, which is the culminating point of, a lofty range of hills, springs from the= eastern shore about the middle of the lake. It soars 2,340 feet; above the water, and from its commanding form and position easily72 ~seems much higher. Inland it is flanked by two prominent trun- cated cones, which dip suddenly to the plains below toward Lake Champlain. Running westerly from these knobs, the ridge rises into a precipitous dome when it reaches Lake George, and cuiwing gradually but rapidly downword, forms a magnificent descent to- ward the water till it reaches a more gentle slope, which again ter- minates in a precipice that is washes by the waves of the lake. Such is a general idea of the outline of Black Mountain as seen from its southern approach. It suggests a couchant lion resting his paws in the lake, and serenely gazing in majestic repose over the landscape at his feet. But I know of no mountain that possesses more variety of feature, more diversity of character, than this monarch of the lake, who demands our attention not so much for his size as for his individual traits. By the force and vividness of his form he adds a certain grandeur to almost every prospect of Lake George, and elevates the least interesting view into the realm of the ideal. The absence of trees at the summit, and the warm gray hue of the ; storm-beaten crags, give to this mountain the most exquisite atmos- pheric effects, especially when the departing glow of sunset lingers on its brow with a rosy flush long after the lake below is hidden in twilight gloom. It is a peculiar and pre-eminent quality of the .scenery of Lake George that while it never startles, overpowers or wearies the immagination by such stupendous sublimity as that of the. Swiss lakes, it is never tame nor monotonous in its beauty. Its ■ charm is rather that of a well-balanced character that presents many phases, and constantly gratifies us by the discovery of some new .attraction; or like a carefully studied masterpiece of art, which, without captivating our interest at once, reveals with each inspec- tion truths and beauties unseen before. It grows in importance; it elevates our imagination from day to day. We begin by respectfully but cautiously admiring it; we end by giving it a devoted and un- 'qualified enthusiasm; and inasmuch as we have benefited by a study of its merits, it becomes identified with our moral and intellectual . existence. Such is Lake George—a lofty work of art by the great- est Artist of all.73 6 ‘Black Mountain may be ascended from Hulett’s Landing or from Black Mountain Point. An excellent zigzag road has been recently opened to the summit from the latter point, and I chose that. The distance is over three miles, and the last part of the road, winding over the dome, is often very steep. The prospect is one of very unusual extent, considering the moderate elevation of the peak, extending from. Mount Marcy in the north to Saddleback in the south. The rugged, rolling character of the neighboring counties gives the landscape somewhat the appearance of the ocean when it is seamed with the ridges of the heaving billows of a great storm. This effect is increased when the hazy atmosphere of a southerly wind throws a veil of gray over the scene, through which the hills and mountains are seen rolling away in a sublime, myster- ious and elusive gradation, until they fade into the infinitude of the sky. Nearer at hand repose the winding waters of Lake George, adorned with green islets. As I gazed from that height, with none but the eagle to keep me company, while the soft wind from the south stole by sighing the requiem of the ages, I seemed to see be- fore me again the peerless straits of the Bosphorus, as they appear when one gazes on them from the Giant’s Grave. “Betaking ourselves once more to the boat, we glide along the base of Black Mountain toward Hulett’s Landing, and pass two striking cliffs, peeping out from the dense masses of foliage, which have a vertical height of seventy or eighty feet; they are called Cives and Sucker rocks. Hulett’s Landing is one of the best spots on the lake for obtaining superior views of Black and Tongue mountains, and the arrangement of coves, islets, rocks and points, crowned in some cases with kiosks or summer cottages, and joined by rustic bridges, is very pleasing. “Beaching thence across the lake, on a westerly course, we en- ter the labyrinthine mazes of Harbor Islands, a group of islets col- lected together in bewildering but enchanting confusion. During the border wars, the Harbor Islands were the scene of a bloody con- flict between the English and the Indians. On the 25th of July,74 1757, Colonel John Parker left Fort William Henry on a scouting expedition with 400 men. They had reached the Harbor Islands,, amid whose intricate recesses they supposed themselves securely concealed from observation while they snatched a little repose. Suddenly, in the gloom of early morning, canoes filled with swarthy Indians, hideous in their their war-paint, darted into the channels among the islands, and the appalling whoop of the savage pierced the still air and aroused the English to a consciousness of their fate.. Panic-stricken, the English took to flight, hut the fleet canoes easily overtook the heavy barges. It was a slaughter rather than a fight; 131 were killed outright; nearly all the rest were captured alive; only twelve escaped. Of the prisoners, some were rescued by Mont- calm; the others were tortured to death. “ Continuing our course across the lake, we reach the base of Tongue Mountain, with French’s Point on our left, and look up at the frowning and tremendous precipice called Deer’s Leap, a verti- cal cliff several hundred feet high. How many millions of deer roamed through the forests of Lake George for ages, but only one of them ever achieved immortality; and, as often happens with human beings who give rise to some notable event, even the name and race of that deer have not been handed down to us. Such is fame ! Like most traditions, this legend is undoubtedly founded upon an actual incident. A poor Indian, half famished, perhaps, had hunted this deer half a winter’s day; his squaws and papooses in his wigwam cried for food in the savage season of frost. Urged-by desperation, he chased the wounded roe from thicket to thicket, un- til they approached the edge of the precipice. Suddenly the bleed- ing animal found herself on the edge of the cliif; death was close on her track; she heard the panting of the hound, the yell of the hunter. It was but a choice of deaths. AVith a rush and a bound, she leaped into the air, and whirling downward, fell crushed on the rocks far below. Was not the fate of the deer a type of the life of man, hunted down by adverse fortune and despair, until forced to choose between the alternatives of certain ruin or self-destruction?75 “Nothing better illustrates the inexhaustible variety of.the natural attractions of Lake George than the splendor of the scenery on the eastern slope of Tongue Mountain as it is seen toward sunset, when the shadows begin to close in upon it. Alternately tender and beautiful, as the slanting rays of evening steal through the gorges and illumine the tree tops of the forest and the grass on the slopes, or savage and grand as the Deer’s Leap cliff stands forth, in purple gloom, or the Twin Mountain peaks soar 2000 feet dark and thunderous against the burning glories of the declining sun, with here and there a fairy-like cove and glen to soften the severity of the crags above and bring them into harmony with the loveliness of the lake, until almost suddenly the mountains recede to the westward, and we see before us the idyllic meadow lands of Sabbath- Day Point, whose vivid emerald is flooded with the roseate fervor of departing day, and kissed on either shore by the limpid azure of the lake—presenting a scene of alluring and tranquil repose, lovely and enchanting as the Elysian Fields. Had we to choose one spot on Lake George in preference to any other, this would be the one. Situated like a barrier between two portions of the lake, each of which possesses distinct features, Sabbath-Day Point commands on either hand the best possible view of each. Looking south, one sees the part of the lake we have just described within the Harrows. From a boat half a mile north of the point, one is able to make of it a superb foreground, which adapts itself to the flow of lines formed by Black and Tongue Mountains. As outlined from that spot, the view has in it a certain something classical that is exces- sively rare in this country, but quite common in Italy and Greece. It has the quality of satisfying the soul like a lofty strain of music, thoughtful and full of exquisite modulations, and delicate strains,, and suggestions of half-suppressed passion. When the air is from the south, and with its ethereal haze gives to each part of the prospect its true relations in subdued gradations, I know of nothing in this country that can equal or surpass this prospect. If we look northward from Sabbath-Day Point, the scene, is quite reversed.76 We see before us a broad lake resembling the sea in its hue and expanse.” From its shores the hills everywhere retire, and no islands break the breadth of the view. Miles and miles away in the dis- tant horizon, faintly outlined and tinted with the softest of pearly grays, loom the bold, perpendicular cliffs of Rogers’ Rock and Anthony’s ISTqse, like the shores of an unknown land which we ap- proach after a long voyage. Here and there a white sail, a mere glistening speck in the distance, lends to the illusion. It was at Sabbath-Day Point that Lord Abercrombie halted on his expedition to Ticonderoga. Here the troops—16,000 in number, in 500 or 600 boats—landed and passed the night. One would like to know more about one of the most interesting and picturesque events in the annals of war. How did the battalions encamp ? How long did they linger by the lake, building their bateaux ? What stories they told around the camp-fire by the wavering, dusky gloom of the primeval forest; the foraging and scouting parties. Did ladies accompany the expedition? Were the notes of fife and drum heard among the hundred isles, as they swept up the lake in mighty pro- cession, the regimental banners incarnadining the blue sheen of the winding lake and interweaving their crimson with the plume-like branches of the isles, amid which the mighty armament slowly threaded its majestic course with the measured rhythm of ten thous- and oars, startling the eagle, screaming from its eyrie ? Mile after mile, hour after hour, the stately host glided along the echoing shores, until they landed on the sward of Sabbath-Day Point, and, rolled in their blankets, slept deep—many of them for the last time in this world; while the sentinels marched their rounds, and called; through the night watches, “All is well!” while the Indian scouts prowled in the neighboring forest to spy out the movements of the foe, until the reveille smote sharp on the air of dawn, and the re- giments sprang to greet the morning star, and marched to meet their doom. Proceeding northwest from Sabbath-Day Point, we have on our right the spacious waters of Blair’s Bay and the gentle77 slopes of Spruce Mountain. On our left is a settlement called The Hague, on a pretty inlet at the mouth of a cleft among the hills,, which carries the eye inland to the ridge called the Three Brothers. Beyond The Hague is Friend’s Point, whose beauty is enhanced by a cluster of emeralds, called the Waltonian Islands by a fishing club which at one time made it their summer resort. We are now drawing near to the striking headland called An- thony’s Hose. It dips with considerable abruptness to the water at the end of a long and lofty ridge. Its rocky sides are richly varie- gated with the vivid tints of lichens and mosses, and the water around it is 400 to 500 feet deep, and of a brilliant sea-green color. Passing Anthony’s Hose, we turn a sharp angle and enter into a fourth division of Lake George, which is quite closed in, while no part of the lake has more individual traits of its own. Facing us are the vertical sides of Rogers’ Rock, which stands out into the' lake quite isolated, and rises to a height of 640 feet above the watei—altogether a very massive and impressive feature of the landscape. The rock is of a rich purple-brown color, and on the south side the precipice is deeply grooved, giving the effect of a fortress of old, supported at the angles by heavy bastions. The vegetation which clothes the lower part of the cliff resembles ivy clambering up a mouldering wall. About four of the clock in the afternoon of an August day the sun so strikes the rock that one side of the bastions is in dark shadow, while the other, smitten by the light, stands out in strong relief. The effect is magnificent. Roger’s rock hotel. Horth of Roger’s Slide, on a bold promontory, stands the Rogers’ Rock Hotel, The hotel has accommodations for one hund- red and twenty-five guests. This hotel is the farthest Horth of any on Lake George, and is one of the most eligibly located. It is situated on a rocky eminence, well elevated above the water, there- by furnishing a wide range of view. The rooms are large and lib- erally furnished, and some" of them are in suites, for family use, with every modem convenience, while every window affords a fine Lake view. The hotel is modern in construction, convenient in arrangement ; its cuisine is excellent, and its location charming, J78 features that have made it a favorite Summer home to hundreds of people. The guests of Rogers’ Rock Hotel are .of the very best classes of people, and many distinguished vistors are entertained here. The proprietor is Mr. T. J. Treadway, who knows what tourists require and how to conduct a first-class hotel. Pure spring water from the mountains supplies the house; telegraph and postoffice in the hotel; laundry, livery, steam, sail and row boats, etc. Coaches connect with trains on the Central Vermont Rail- road, direct to Boston, the White and Green Mountains; also with Hew York and Canada Railroad for Saratoga, Troy, Albany and Hew York. Rogers’ Rock Mountain can be ascended by a path leading from the hotel. On its summit is a summer house, built by the Rev. Joseph Cook, whose birth-place is just over the other side, in Trout Brook Valley. The view to be obtained from the summit is one ever to be remembered, taking in as it does, a wide extent of mountain and lake scenery, and overlooking many his- toric points. Two cottages are on the grounds connected with Rogers’ Rock Hotel, one standing on a height nearly 150 feet above the hotel, and another at the Lake Shore. On the east side of Rogers’ Rock is a smooth s|)ace entirely bare of vegetation, and sloping to the wrater at a very sharp angle. This is called Rogers’ Slide. It took its name from the circum- stance that Major Rogers, in the winter of 1757-58, was defeated by the Indians while scouting in the vicinity of Ticonderoga. The company was dispersed, and Rogers himself was hotly pursued by the savages. He had made a name for himself by his exploits, and they would have danced with unusual glee around him if they could but see him bound to a stake undergoing torture. But he was a man shrewd aud re^dy iii expedients. Making his wray to the top of the precipice, then called Bald Mountain, but since then named after him, Rogers flung liis rifle and accoutrements down the dizzy slope called the Slide, to the ice of the frozen lake below. Then hastily reversing himself on his snowshoes, and treading in his tracks, he made his way to the foot of the Slide, and slid out on the lake. The Indians, coming to the top of the cliff, surmised that he had slipped over the precipice, and concluded that of course he must have been killed. But when they saw him skating away from its base across the lake, they inferred that he was under the special care of the Great Spirit, and refrained from pursuing him. Major79 Rogers was a man of considerable note in his day. He wrote a nar- rative of his adventures with the rangers around Lake George, and afterward fought at Detroit, and composed a curious drama about the seige of Detroit and Pontiac the Indian chief. Unfortunately, when the Revolution broke out, Major Rogers sided with the crown. Echo Bay, formed by a beautiful and abrupt promontory jut- ting out from Rogers’ Rock,; is a most charming spot, noted, as its name indicates, for its echoes. Inclosed by massive cliffs and leafy underwood, its waters are at once deep and limpid. The rambles up the steep sides of the rock have a singularly wild solitude and •picturesqueness, and are well appreciated by the partridges and squirrels. One is often greeeted there by the whirring drum of the former and the shrill bark of the latter. There is a simplicity and a grandeur in the beauty of this part of Lake George which allies it to some of the European lakes. The outlines are drawn with a firm hand, in long unbroken curves, and the eye is occupied with masses rather than with details ; while the height of the shores and the absence of islands make it seem like the bowl of a vast sunken crater into which the sea has poured. In the distance, far away to the south, the faint lilac-tinted outline of Black Mountain relieves the grand sweep of Anthony’s Nose, and gratefully appeals to the fancy. In no part of Lake George is the water more beautifully blue. Thus the lake appears from the promonotory alluded to above. But on descending to the water, and following the shore of the lake to its extreme northern limit, it shows still another phase. Passing Coates Point we find that the hills recede, and that an- other geological formation shows a beach different from any other on the lake; while the ripples that curl on the sand indicate .that the water is there somewhat colored by the clay against which it dashes, and assumes a pale creamy green. It was on that beach that Lord Abercrombie landed his army. Not far from it is an islet called Prisoners’ Island, on which the English who were cap- tured in the battle that followed were confined. Here Lake George80 terminates as a lake. But farther on, through a narrow winding course of four miles, it seeks to pour its waters into those of Lake Champlain, dashing down in musical rapids, which caused the French to call the meeting of the waters Carillon. There in the forest still stand the earthworks which Abercrombie vainly sought to storm. Lord Howe and 2,000 men fell on that memorable day, whose sad- ness was but partially effaced by the victory of Lord Amherst in the following year. Just beyond are the ruins of Fort Ticonderoga, overlooking Lake Champlain. The fortress is one of the most in- teresting spots on the continent. A thorn bush, covered /with blood red berries, on the beetling brow of one of the salient angles, is the only semblance of a banner left waving there now, and the cattle and sheep browsing on the herbage within the glacis around the roofless quarters of the garrison painly tell us that war has rung its clarion for the last time on those ramparts where Mont- calm and Amherst, Ethan Allen and Arnold, St. Clair and Bur-- goyne, have in turn battled and held sway.” The shores of Lake George are dotted with beautiful hotels, and the magnificent steamers Horicon and Ticonderoga, of the Lake George Steamboat Company, make two round trips daily, touching at all landings. Excursion tickets are sold at Saratoga and all prominent stations at low rates, thus enabling tourists to make the trip through the lake and return the same day; constitut- ing the finest one-day trip in the world.The Adirondack Mountains: TIL within a few years the great mountain region of which'. we write was popularly supposed to be the exclusive pleasure* ground of the sportsman and such tourists as were willing to forego* the advantages of easy modes of transit and the comforts of well equipped hotels, in order to enjoy the unparalleled scenery andt breathe the pure air of the lofty mountains. While the attractions- for the hunter and angler are as many as in those primitive days, a- great transition has taken place in all of the appliances for comfort, and good living, The opening up of the region following the com- pletion of the UD. & H.” Railroad to its gateways,, and the rush, of visitors, to whom heretofore but vague and uncertain accounts* had come, compelled the building of new and the improving of oldi roads, until now, life under the shadows of these noble peaks may be enjoyed in every degree of elegance and comfort that the varied tastes of pleasure seekers require; and yet the etiquette of Adiron- dack Mountain summer life recognizes the flannel shirt and cordu- roy suit equally with the more fastidious dress' of Saratoga. At no other resort can there be seen so great variety in costume; Nor does the writer know where the style of attire is a matter of so- little concern or curiosity. This tolerance in a matter so little talk- ed about, but so much thought of is not without its influence uporn those who ax*e seeking primarily personal comfort. in all regions there is one central point of interest from which excursions are made and distances are measured—the centre of gravity attracting to itself from every direction. This is the high office of Lake Placid to the Adirondack territory. No matter how remote it may have been in the past or how difficult of access, it must be visited. Its drawing power is so* great that it has recently- 82 attracted a railroad to within only eight miles of itself, stopping it not so far distant that there need be any fatigue in reaching it, nor so close by as to mar the wild beauty of its surroundings. So all projected tours into the Adirondack Mountains should include Lake Placid as one of the places that must not be missed on any account. The generally accepted route for tourists who desire to see as much of the country as possible is to enter the mountains at West- port, visiting Elizabethtown and Keene Valley, then either return- ing to Westport, going thence to Lake Placid via the Ghateaugay Railroad, or driving direct from Keene Valley to Lake Placid via the Edmonds’ Ponds Pass, returning via rail to . Plattsburgh from Saranac Lake. Tally-ho stages meet trains at Westport to convey passengers to Elizabethtown, an enjoyable ride of eight miles through Raven Pass, whence. stage lines run daily to Keene Valley. It is probable: that, ixnless the traveler’s time is limited. he will yield to the temptation to. tarry a few days at Eli zabethtown before explor- ing the wonders beyond, and he will be wise to do so. Here are the most comfortable of hotels, filled in summer with hundreds of guests representing the>best elements of American social life; good drives radiate in all directions. Easy trails lead to the summits of Mount Hurricane and the Giant of the Valley. The village itself is one of. unusual beauty and .salubrity. The lovely Pleasant Valley in which it lies’ is .comparable, only with the famed Keene Valley, a few miles beyond. The streams and lakes in the vicinity will fur- nish good sport to the angler, and the forests unfailing attractions to the sportsman. The driycover Symonds’ Hill and back, via the Pleasant Valley road along the windings of the Bouquet River, and to Split Rock Falls, where the river descends a hundred feet through a wild chasm in a series of picturesque cataracts, should be taken.' Wood Hill, but a few minutes easy walk from the hotels, should be visited for the prospect of mountains and the view up Pleasant Val- ley to be had from its summit. Cobble Hill, a short distance south- west of the village, presents a formidable climb; but those who are83 willing to perform the little hard work necessary to reach its top will be amply repaid by the ^outlook. The view from the sharp peak of Hurricane Mountain, which is easily ascended from the Elizabethtown side, is one of the best high views to be had in the Adirondack Mountains, second only, perhaps, to that from White Face. Nowhere else can the full glory of an American autumn be seen in greater brilliancy than on the hillsides and in the valley THE CASCADE. around Elizabethtown. The road to Lake Placid follows a westerly course, running alongside the bed of a rushing mountain stream and passing many lovely cascades and pools. Ascending gradually the narrowing valley, we arrive, in about an hour, at the top of Pitch-off Pass, under a noble cliff, and are at an altitude of 1,71084 feet. To the right, bat a short distance away, the hare and shining peak of Hurricane is seen. At our feet, a thousand feet below, Keene Valley lies spread out before us in almost its entire extent, a vision of loveliness with its soft green meadows and graceful elms; beyond it, range upon range of grand mountain forms; and still further, the pyramidal peak of White Face, rising high above all, presents itself for the first time to the observer—an exalted type of mountain sublimity which is quickly lost to the eye as we descend into the valley. Looking to the south, a new surprise opens before us in the first view of the Gothics, whose graceful outlines present a strangeness of effect not to be found elsewhere, so far as the writ- er knows, throughout the entire domain of mountain scenery. Their wave-like forms have been admirably transcribed by our artist. A few minutes later the dark cone of Mount Marcy is seen a few miles southwest; but the glimpse of the Monarch is as fleeting as that of White Face. We have now descended to the valley, and if ' the tourist has a day or two to spare he will do well to stop here before pursuing his journey, for he is in one of the loveliest vales that the sun shines upon. For six miles up the valley lovers of nature have dotted it with summer homes, and good hotels and boarding-houses are located in the most picturesque situations. The Ausable Ponds are most conveniently visited from Beede’s, at the head of Keene Valley. Wallace Bruce describes a visit to them, and beyond to the Deserted Village, as follows: “It is the glory of the Adirondack Mountains that no traveler has been able to liken them to any other part of the earth’s surface. The Yosemite on the Pacific Slope, and the Adirondacks on the Atlantic, stand alone in their peculiar types of sublimity and beauty. The subject of our sketch naturally divides itself into two sections— the eastern or mountain district, and the western or lake district; the division line being well indicated by the north branch of the Hudson and the west branch of the Ausable. The lake district empties its waters into the St. Lawrence, the mountain district into * Lake Champlain and the Hudson. In this article I propose to85 speak of the mountain district. It must not, however, be under- stood by the reader that the mountain district has no lakes, or the lake district no mountains; for the “Braided Lakes,” west of the Hudson watershed, reflect in their bright mirrors mountain peaks of no mean altitude; and the traveler over the trails of Tahawas and Skylight will drink of . the clear waters of Lakes Avalanche and Golden, of Lakes Henderson and Ausable. It is not my purpose to talk of the Adirondack Mountains as a health resort, although its pine, hemlock, and fir balsam forests make it unrivaled as a sanitarium; nor to consider its great mineral resources, but simply to indicate some of its principal features of beauty, its general points of attraction, and the best way of reach- ing them. As it is my purpose to make this a practical article— that is, to convey accurate information to persons unfamilliar with this mountain district—it may, perhaps, be well to indicate briefly our first trip over Tahawas, just ten years ago, here and there mark- ing the changes which I noted last summer. “We (the Tahawas Club) took the cars one August morning from Plattsburgh to Ausable Porks—a distance of some twenty miles; hired a team to Beede’s—the terminal point of civilization- some thirty miles distant from the Forks; took dinner at Keene, and pursued our route up the beautiful valley of the Ausable, Beede’s was then merely a farm-house, and as the ‘house’ was full, we camped in the barn. My last visit presented a large and com- modious hotel, with pleasant rooms and wide veranda, in a cheer- ful contrast to the first entertainment. From this point we visited Roaring Brook Falls, some four hundred feet high, which we re- • member as a very beautiful waterfall in the evening twilight. The next morning we started, bright and early, for the Ausable Ponds; four miles of wood-road, smoothed recently into a very comfortable carriage road, brought us to the Lower Ausable. The historic guide, ‘old Phelps,’ rowed us across the Lower Lake, pointing out, from our slowly moving and heavily laden scow, ‘Indian Head’ on the left, and the ‘Devil’s Pulpit’ on the right, lifted about 800 feet86 above the level of the lake. ‘Phelps’ remarked, with quaint humor, that he was frequently likened to his Satanic Majesty, as he often took clergymen ‘up thar.’ The rocky walls of this lake rise from 1,000 to 1,500 feet high, in many places almost perpendicular. A large eagle soared above the cliffs and circled in the air above us, but no one in the party had the rashness to shoot at it. In fact, we had fired most of our ammunition off the day previous at squir- rels on the fences, without grazing a hair, or scarcely frightening the lively quadrupeds. “After reaching the southern portion of the lake, a trail of a mile and a quarter leads to the Upper Ausable—to our minds the gem of the Adirondacks. The lake, over 2,000 feet above the tide, is surrounded on all sides by lofty mountains. Our camp was" on the eastern shore, and I can never forget the sunset view, as rosy tints lit up old Skylight, the Haystack and the Gothics; nor can I ever forget the evening songs, from a camp-fire across the Lake, or the ‘bear story’ told by Phelps—a tale never really finished, but made classic and immortal by Stoddard in his spicy and reliable hand-book to the Adirondacks. “The next morning we rowed across the lake and took the Bartlett trail, ascending Haystack, some 5,000 feet high, just to get an appetite for dinner; our guide encouraging us on the way by saying that there never had been more than twenty people before ‘on that air peak.’ In fact, there w^as no trail, and in some places it was so steep that we were compelled to go up on all fours; or, as Scott puts it more elegantly in the ‘Lady of the Lake’— “The foot was fain Assistance from the hand to gain.n The view from the summit well repaid the toil. We saw Slide Mountain near by to the north, and White Face far beyond, per- haps twenty-five miles distant; north-east, the Gothics; east, Saw- teeth, Mount Colvin, Mount Dix, and the Lakes of the Ausable; to the south-east, Skylight; north-west, Tahawas, still called by some Mount Marcy. The descent of Haystack wras as easy as Virgil’s87 famous “Descensus Averni.’ We went down in just twenty minutes.. The one that reached the bottom first simply possessed better adapta- tion for rolling. One mile from, the foot of Haystack brought us to Panther Gorge Camp, appropriately named, one of the wildest spots in the Adirondacks. We remained there that night and slept soundly, although a dozen of us were packed so closely in one small camp that no individual could turn over without disarranging the whole mass. Caliban and Trinculo were not more neighborly, and Sebastian, even sober, would have been fully justified in taking us for ‘a rare monster’ with twenty legs. “The next morning we ascended Tahawas, but saw nothing save whirling clouds on its summit. Twice since then we have- had better fortune, and looked down from this. mountain peak,. 5,402 feet above the sea, upon the loveliest landscape that the sun. ever shone upon. We went down the western: slope of Tahawas, through a driving rain, to Camp Colden, where, with clothes hung up to dry, we looked like a party of New Zealanders preparing din- ner, hungry enough, too, to make an orthodox meal of each other.. The next day the weather cleared up, and we made a trip of two* hiiles, over a rough mountain trail, to Lake Avalanche, whose- rocky and precipitous walls form a fit christening bowl, or baptistery font, for the infant Hudson. Returning to Camp Colden and re- suming our western march, two miles brought us to Calamity Pond,, where a lone monument marks the spot of David Henderson’s death by the accidental discharge of a pistol. Five miles from this point brought us to the ‘Deserted Village,’ or the Upper Adirondack Iron Works, with houses and furnaces abandoned and rapidly falling into; decay. Here we found a pleasant hotel and cordial welcome., “Had I time to picture to you this level grass-grown* street,, with fifteen or twenty square box-looking houses, windowless, empty and desolate; a school-house with its long vacation of twenty-three* years; a bank with heavy shutters and ponderous locks, whose floor Time, the universal burglar, had undermined; two large furnaces; with great rusty wheels, whose occupation was gome forever; at88: thousand tons of charcoal, untouched for a quarter of a century; thousands of brick waiting for a builder ; a real haunted house, whose flapping clap-boards contain more spirits than the Black Forests of Germany—a village so utterly desolate that it has not even the vestige of a graveyard; if I could picture to you this vil- age, as it appeared to me that weird midnight, lying so quiet ‘Under the light of the solemn moon,’ you would realize, as I did then, that truth is indeed 'stranger than fiction, and that Goldsmith, in Ms ‘Deserted Village,’had not over- drawn the description of desolate Auburn. By special request, we were permitted to sleep that night in the Haunted House, and no •doubt we listened to the first crackling that the old fire-place had known for years. Many bedsteads in the old houses were still ^standing, and we only needed bedding from the hotel to make us comfortable. As we went to sleep we expressed a wish to be inter- viewed in the still hours of the night by any ghosts or spirits who might happen to like our company; but the spirits must have been absent on a visit that evening, for we slept undisturbed until the cld bell, suspended in a tree, rang out the cheery notes of ‘trout and pickerel.’ We understand that the Haunted House from that night’ lost its old-time reputation, and is now frequently brought into re- quisition as an ‘Annex,’ whenever the hotel, or ‘Club House,’ as it is now called, happens to be full. The ‘Deserted Village’ is rich in natural beauty. Lakes Henderson and Sandford are near at hand, and the lovely Preston Ponds are only five miles distant. From this point we went to Lake Placid.. We reached Wilmington that night, and drove the next morning to Ausable Forks. “Since that first delightful trip I have visited the 'Adirondack Mountains many times, and I hope this summer to repeat the •excursion. To me Tahawas is the grand centre. It remains un- changed. In fact, the route I have here traced is the same to-day as then. Even the rude camps are located in the same places, with the exception that the trail has been shortened over Tahawas, and a •camp established on Skylight. With good guides, the route is not89 difficult for ladies in good health—say sufficient health to endure half a day’s shopping. Persons contemplating the mountain trip need blankets, a knapsack, and a rubber-cloth or overcoat; food can be procured at the hotels or farm-houses. In this hasty sketch I have had little space to indulge in picture-painting. I passed Bridal Veil Fall without a reference. I was tempted to loiter bn the banks of the Feld-spar and the bright Opalescent, but I passed by without even picking a pebble from the basins of its sparkling cascades. I passed the ‘Tear of the Clouds,’ 4,000 feet above the tide—-that fountain of the Hudson nearest the sky—without being beguiled into poetry. I have not ventured upon a description of a sunrise view from the summit; of Tahawas ; of the magic effect of light above clouds that clothe the surrounding peaks in garments wrought,.it seems, of softest wool, until mist and vapor dissolve in roseate colors, and the landscape lies before us like an open book, which many glad eyes have looked upon again and again. I have left it for your guides to tell you, by roaring camp-fires, long stories of adventure in trapping and hunting; of wondrous fishes that grow longer and heavier every season, although captured and broiled many and many a year ago—trout and pickerel literally pickled in fiction, served and re-served in the piquant sauce of mountain vo- cabulary. In brief, I have kept my imagination and enthusiasm under strict control. But, after all, the Adirondacks are a wonder- land, and we who dwell in the Hudson and Mohawk valleys are happy in having this great park of nature’s making at our very doors. It has charms alike for the hunter, the angler, the writer, the artist, and the scientist. “To thdse persons who do not desire long mountain jaunts, who simply need some quiet place for rest and recuperation, I would suggest this. Select some place near the base of these clustered mountains, like the tasty Adirondack Lodge at Clear Lake, only seven miles from the summit of Tahawas; or Beede’s pleasant hotel, high and dry above. Keene Flats, near to the Ausable Pond§; or some pleasant hotel or quiet farm-house in the more open country90 near Lake Placid and the Saranacs. But I prophesy that the spirit of adventure will come with increased strength, and men and women alike will be found wandering off on long excursions, sitting about grea^ camp-fires—ay> listening like children to the tales which have not gathered truth with age. If you have control of your time you91 will find no pleasanter months than July, August, or September; and when you return to your own firesides with new vigor to fight the battle of life, you will feel, I think, like thanking Outing for having advised you to go thither. UI have written in this article the Indian name, Tahawas, in the place of Mount Marcy, and for this reason: there is no justice in robbing the Indian of his keen, poetic appreciation, by changing a name, which has in itself a definite meaning, for one that means nothing in its association with this mountain. We have* stolen enough from this unfortunate race, to leave, at least, those names in our woodland vocabulary that chance to have a musical sound to our imported Saxon ears. The name Tahawas is not only beautiful in itself, but also poetic in its interpretation—signifying, T cleave the clouds.’ Coleridge, in his glorious hymn, ‘Before Sunrise in the Yale of Chamouni,’ addresses Mont Blanc: 4 Around thee and above Deep is the air* and dark, substantial, black— • , An ebon mass. Methinks thou piercest it, As loith a viedge P The name or meaning of Tahawas was never made known to the great English poet, who died fifty years ago. Is it not remarkable that the untutored Indian and the keenest poetic mind which Eng- land has produced for a century should have the same idea in the uplifted mountain? There is also another reason why we, as a State, should cherish the name Tahawas. While the Sierra Nevadasand the Alps slumbered beneath the waves of the ocean, before the Himalayas or the Andes had asserted their supremacy, scientists say that the high peaks of the Adirondack Mountains stood alone above the waves, ‘the cradle of the world’s life;’ and, as the clouds then encircled the vast waste of water, Tahawas then rose—‘Cleaver’ alike of the waters and the clouds.” Crossing Keene Valley, the road winds up a pass in the third range of mountains from Lake Champlain, near the top of which it passes into a dark and beautiful forest, from which it emerges at the foot of the lower Edmond’s Pond. These ponds, sometimes92 called Cascade Lakes, are twin sheets of water which completely fill a long and narrow defile in the mountains. They are 2,000 feet above tide, and in their aspect of wildness and beauty are among ths choicest attractions of the Adirondacks. Opposite the hotel, the only habitation in this weird place, a cascade tumbles several hun- dred feet down the almost perpendicular side of the mountain. The following, from Harper's Magazine, of October, 1881, fitly describes the vide beyond: ‘ ‘From the ponds, the road wound onward through a still heavier forest, broken only by new and fertile clearings, and then emerged on the high rolling plain of North Elba. Here at last the great mountains came in view, a majestic range of dark and solemn forms outlined against the sky—the weird, fantastic ridges of the Gothics, Marcy’s granite dome, the scarred and sullen face of Col- den, the giant mass of McIntyre, and, most wonderful of all, the Indian Pass, opening like a huge gateway into a boundless world of light. What power and delight dwell in this vision! These green fields, sloping to the long valley of unbroken forest, rest and rejoice the eye. The silent hills beyond lift themselves to heaven in the glory of enduring strength, changeless amid the fleeting forms and fashions, of earth, calming and uplifting our restless hearts, speak- ing to us of the truth which abides forever. And above all, this marvellous pass into the luminous distance, this sole and splendid portal into the rocky wall, flooded with illimitable radiance, seems like the gateway into another life, the entrance of the infinite. These are the words which Nature speaks to us: repose, untroubled by the storms of human passion,_ unshaken by the ebbingsand flow- ings of the tide of life; strength, enduring, inexhaustible, based upon a changeless and inviolate will; infinity, opening with glorious vistas ever beyond that which is seen, and touching the earth with gleams of far-off splendor. Shall we not say rather that these are the words and messages of Him whose dwelling is deeper than the bases of the hills, and high above their sun-clad peaks, and far be- yond the farthest light? Not vain and visionary are the hours in93 which we seem thus to hear His voice, and- catch glimpses of His glory beneath ' “The outward shores of sky and earth.” They are the moments of true strength and insight amid the dreams and delusions of life. . Not the vision, but the awakening, in which a Divine voice calls us to ourselves, and a sight of the everlasting realities flashes through the forms of things into our souls. “The afternoon sun was slowly declining in the western sky as we rode through the fields of North Elba, past the dilapidated gray houses where the early abolitionists had once endeavored to plant a colony of negros (a strange and futile fancy), and the barren little farm where John Brown’s body lies mouldering beneath a boulder of native granite.” The large hotels of Lake Placid are now in sight. We descend a short hill, cross a branch of the Ausable, and when within half a mile of Lake Placid experience a momentary feeling of disappoint- ment because our surroundings have suddenly grown uninteresting. A few rods beyond, however, a turn in the woods reveals that we have before us and around us one of the most entrancing scenes in all nature—a picture so glorious that the imagination can scarcely compass it, or conceive of a single element wanting to make it perfect. Lake Placid and White Face Mountain.—From the piazza of one of the cottages or hotels on the borders of Lake Pla- cid, or of Mirror Lake, there is spread before the vision a picture of mountain and lake scenery which is unhesitatingly pronounced by travelers to be unrivalled by any similar view in the world. To the south, the great procession of peaks forming the main range are seen throughout their entire extent. At the observer’s feet lies Lake Placid, so lovely in its outlines and so resplendent in its beauty that it gives life to the landscape. It is a liquid poem. It is the eye of the Adirondacks. It is. heaven’s own mirror; metaphor can- not exaggerate, nor figure add to it. To see it once is to see it for- ever. So beautiful, and apparently so near, you are surprised to94 learn that Lake Placid is so large. It sleeps like an infant beauty at the foot of White Face Mountain, and yet it is no infant. In shape it is a parabola or horse-shoe, with as graceful a curve as is imaginable. Buck, Moose and Hawk Isles divide, it longitudinally, contributing to its comely proportions, and mirroring themselves in its crystal waters. You can scarcely credit the statement that it is five miles long and over one mile wide, such a miniature does it appear in this great picture. Paradox Pond is a twin sister of Lake Placid, to which it is not only related by the ties of water (or shall we say.tides of water), but also by participation in a phenomenon which is inexplicable. A swift current flows from the lake into the pond for the space of three or four minutes, when, after an interval of about seven minutes, the current is reversed, and the water is discharged into the lake again. This mysterious action is of per- petual occurrence. Lifting its scarred and pointed summit 5,000 feet in the air, White Face stands guard over the eastern end of Lake Placid in solitary majesty. Isolated from its followers, its noble form is seen from base to apex clothed in virgin forests to within a half mile of the top, where fifty years ago a tremendous avalanche swept down its western face, since which time it has been crowned and robed with new grandeur. Its cone is so white that it appears to be snow-capped, and this whiteness extends down its side as far as the monster slide sped. It might have been called Ava- lanche Mountain, but it is known by the simple name of White Face, which it honestly earned and modestly wears. The ascent of the mountain is easily made from Lake Placid. Upon its bare, storm-beaten summit some enthusiastic lover of the grand in nature has cut with reverent chisel, deep and clear into its everlasting rock, these words: “Thanks be to God eor the Mountains.” The scene presented to the eye of the beholder from this point is one of the most striking and sublime in the whole domain of nature. There is nothing to obscure the view in any direction. Eastward, the bosom of Lake Champlain is beheld heaving in the95 sunlight and flashing back its brilliancy. Tahawas, the Giant of the Valley, Hurricane Mountain, Dix’s Peak, Hippie Top, Saddle Back, Seward, McIntyre, and the Gothics are before us to the south, vast and wild. To the north and west the distant Ontario, witlrits rapid outlet the St. Lawrence, and even the dazzling spires and turrets of Montreal itself, are said to be visable under favorable atmospheric conditions. The greatest of all wonders, however, seen from the summit of White Pace Mountain is the multitude of lakes which gem the prospect in every diriction. Sixty-five of them may plainly be seen with the naked eye. Embosomed among the moun- tains, they are like diamonds set with emeralds. They glitter and flash in the sunlight with a resplendence all their own; and the contrast is. so great between the limitless expanse of forest and rug- ged mountains, compared with the delicate lakes which everywhere mirror their wildness, that one scarcely knows which to admire the most. Lake Placid and its surroundings present not only the culmi- nation of everything that is grand and beautiful in the Adirondack Mountains, but it is the centre from which the greatest number of other interesting points can be most easily visited. The grave of John Brown, whose tragic death at Harper’s Ferry fired a continent, is close by. A drive of ten miles over a good road, the last four of which leads through the primitive forest, brings one to Clear Lake, a triangular body of water of only half a mile in width, in whose mirrored depths reflections of four of the great Adirondack peaks are cast, and on whose forest environed shores an enthusiastic admirer has constructed a large hotel, Adirondack Lodge, so unique in its architecture and accessories (everything external being in rustic work), that one cannot help being impressed with the success attained in the efforts to harmonize the work of man with that of nature. From this point easy trails lead to the summits of Mounts Marcy and McIntyre, seven and five miles distant respectively. Mr. Headley thus describes the view from the summit of Tahawas or Mount Marcy:96 “At length we reached the top; and oh, what a view spread out before, or rather, below ns! Here we were, more than a mile high in the heavens, on the highest point of land in the Empire State, and with one exception, the highest in the Union, and in the centre of a chaos of mountains the like of which I never saw before. It was wholly different from the Alps. There were no> snow peaks and shining glaciers; but all was gray, or green, or black, as far as the vision could extend. It looked as if the Al- mighty had once set this vast earth rolling like the sea; and theny in the midst of its maddest flow, bid all the gigantic billows stop and congeal in their places. And there they stood just as he, froze them, grand and gloomy. There was the long swell, and there the cresting, bursting billow, and there the deep, black, cavernous gulf. Faraway—more than fifty miles to the southeast—a storm was raging, and the massive clouds over the distant mountains of Yer- mont, or rather betiveen us and them, and below their summits, stood balanced in space, with their white tops towering over their black and dense bases, as if they were the margin of Jehovah’s mantel folded back to let the earth beyond be seen. That far-away storm against a background of mountains, and with nothing but the most savage scenery between—how mysterious, how awful it seemed! Mount Colden, with its terrific precipices; Mount McIntyre, with its bold, black, monster-like head; White Face, with its white spot on its forehead, and countless other summits, pierced the heavens in every direction. “And then, such a stretch of forest, for more than three hun- dred miles in circumference—ridges and slopes of green, broken only by lakes, that dared just to peep in view from their deep hiding places—one vast wilderness, seamed here and there by a river whose surface you could not see, but whose course you could follow by the black winding gap through the tops of the trees. Still there was beauty as well as grandeur in the scene. Lake Champlain, with its islands, spread away as far as the eye could ^follow toward the Canadas, while the distant Green Mountains rolled their granite97 summits along the eastern horizon, with Burlington curtained in smoke at their feet. To the northwest gleamed out here and there the lakes of the Saranac River, and farther to the west those of the Raquette; nearer by, Lake Sanford, Lake Placid, Lake Henderson, Lake Colden, shine in quiet beauty amid the solitude. Nearly thirty lakes in all were visible—some dark as polished jet, beneath. the shadow of girdling mountains; others flashing out upon the limitless landscape, like smiles to relieve the gloom of the great solitude. Throughout the wide extent but three clearings were vis- ible—all was as nature made it. My head swam in the wondrous vision, and I seemed lifted up above the earth and shown all its mountains and forests and lakes at once. But the impression of the whole it is impossible to convey—nay, I am myself hardly conscious what it is. It seems as if I had seen vagueness, terror,, sublimity, strength, and beauty all embodied, so that I had a new .and more definite knowledge of them. God appears to have wrought in these old mountains with His highest power, and de- signed to leave a symbol of His omnipotence. Man is nothing;98 FOB CAPPED HANDS, FACE AND AIPS, ROUGH OR HARD SKIN, WRINKLES, SUNBURN, IRRITATIONS, SCALY ERUPTIONS,- BURNS, SCALDS, CHILBLAINS, Inflamed and Irritated Piles- ITCHING, CHAFING, SORE NIPPLES, Brittle Nails, Bruises, Flesh Wounds, SALT RHEUM. ECZEMA, and all the various affections of the Skin of like character, restoring it to its normal condition. GENTLEMEN AFTER SHAVING Will find it a Superior Lotion for the face, to allay Irritation and prevent Sunburn. . PREPARED BY A. 131S, - Portland, Me. Davis & Lawrence Co., (Limited), Montreal, Gen’l Agents for Canada. Price 50 Gents. - Post Paid 60 Cehts. PROM ANNIE LOUISE CARY, (RAYMOND.) [To a friend in Portland.] My thanks for the Honey and Almond Cream are late in being made, hut I wished to test it thoroughly ; I am greatly delighted with it and wish you would send a dozen bottles to my New York address. New York, Sept. 1, 1888. ' ANNIE LOUISE RAYMOND. MR. A. S. HINDS: BILL'D ear Sir:—I have tried everything, but your Honey and Almond •Cream, which I get by the dozen for my own use alone, eclipses all,. • - .as- suring you she is the most particular woman in the world who has adopted your preparation, and bespeaking it to my many friends, I am, Yours very respectfully, 166 West----St. MRS. KATHERINE M. C----------L MR. A. S. HINDS: . Nashua, N. H., August, 1887. HZQDear Sir :—Three weeks ago I came home from the beach with my face and arms covered with sores caused by the sun and salt water while in bathing. A week ago I began to use your wonderful Honey and Almond Cream, (after trying several other things without success,) and to-day my lace is as smooth and soft as one could wish. I think your Cream is simply wonderful aud I heartily recommend it to every lady. Very truly, ELLA L. FRIEND. SAMPLE FREE TO ANY ADDRESS.99 liere; his very shouts die on his lips. One of our company tried io sing, but his voice fled from him into the empty space. We fired a gun, but it gave only half a report, and no echo came back, for there was nothing to check the sound in its flight. ‘God is great,’ is the language of the heart, as it swells over such a scene.’’ Good trails also lead to Avalanche and Indian Passes, the latter a stupendous gorge between Mounts McIntyre and Wallface, de- scribed by the eminent historian quoted above. “At length we came where the fallen rocks had made an open space around, and spread a fearful ruin in their place. On many of these, trees were growing fifty feet high, while a hundred men could find shelter in their sides. As the eye sweeps over these frag- ments of a former earthquake, the imagination is busy with the past —the period when an interlocking range of mountains was riven, and the encircling peaks, bowing in terror, reeled like ships upon a tossing ocean, and the roar of a thousand storms rolled away from the yawning gulf, into which precipices and forests went down with the deafening crash of a falling world. A huge mass that had been loosened from its high bed and hurled below, making a clifl of itself, to fall from which would have been certain death, our guide called the ‘Church;’ and it did lift itself there like a huge alter, right in front of the main precipice, that rose in a naked wall more than 1,000 feet perpendicular. It is 2,000 feet from the summit to the base; but part of the chasm has been filled with its own ruins, so that the spot on which you stand is 1,000 feet above the valley be- low, and nearly 3,000 feet above tide-water. Thus it stretches for three-quarters of a mile, in no place less than 500 feet perpendic- ular.” The Saranac and St. Regis Lakes are within easy driving dis- tance of Lake Placid. Wilmington Notch, through which the road leads from Lake Placid to Ausable station, rivaling][the Indian Pass —whose walls on the side of White Face rise 1,300 feet, a sheer precipice of rock, while the mountain slope on the opposite side leaves only room for the road and the rushing river to pass through100 —should be seen by the tourist,' who we will suppose has come- in via Saranac Lake or Keene Valiev, and is returning via Ausable. After passing through the Notch, the river plunges over a fall eighty feet in depth, and shoots through a natural flume in the rock which, would be regarded as a wonder in any other region but this. The road passes close by these points, and soon brings us to Wilming- ton, from which point Professor Agassiz pronounced the view of White Face to be one of the finest mountain views he had ever seen. From Wilmington to Ausable the road follows the Ausable Kiver, and although the great mountains are left behind, the peaceful character of the scenery which has succeeded the grandeur with which we have been in constant companionship since leaving West- port, restfully greets the eye, and the relaxed mind finds, by force of cantrast, new interest in tranquil scenes. Passing through the iron-producing village of Black Rock and Ausable Forks, Ausable station, the terminus of the„branch railroad of the “D. & H.” from Plattsburgh, is soon reached. The completion of the Chateaugay Railroad to Saranac Lake, seventy-three miles from Plattsburgh, opens a new route to Adiron- dack Mountain points. Fine stages connect at Lyon Mountain for Upper Chateaugay Lake, three miles; at Loon Lake station for Cha£e’s Loon Lake House, four miles; at Rainbow for Wardner’s Rainbow Lake House, two miles; at Bloomingdale for Paul Smith’s, six miles; at Saranac Lake for Lake Placid, eight miles. Loon Lake, two and a half miles long by three-quarters of a mile wide, lies at an altitude of over 1,800 feet above tide-water, and is surrounded by a rich growth of green forests, with no marsh near to impair its attractiveness. Its shores are irregular and rocky, and there is no end of shady and picturesque bays; indeed, it is doubtful if any other lake in the Adirondack system, of the same area, has as many miles of $hore line. The mountain views from this point are also very fine. The Loon Lake House, on its shore, is one of the handsomest, best equipped and best kept of summer hotels, and is also one of the most frequented. From the observa-101 rtory of the house is to be had a magnificent prospect of the Green Mountains of Vermont, and of many of the lofty peaks of the Adi- p*ondacks to the south, including White Face. To those who enjoy pure mountain air and scenery, and who desire to pass the summer .at a retreat at once beautiful, retired and healthful, no wilderness resort offers better inducements. Game is abundant in the nigh- iborhood, trout fiishing in the neighboring streams and ponds is un- excelled, while Loon Lake itself is famous for its large trout. From this point the trip can be made to St. Eegis Lake or to Rain- bow Lake, via boat. Chateaugay Lake, one of the favorite fishing .and pleasure resorts, is reached by stage line, only three miles from Lyon Mountain station. The fine hotels on the St. Regis and Sar- anac Lakes are among the earliest and best known of the Adiron- dack resorts. The lakes are among the largest and finest in the region, and their elevation, about 1,800 feet, deep in the heart of the wilder- ness, with the peculiar dry, balmy air of the spruce and pine forests, have brought them into prominence as a retreat for sufferers from pulmonary and throat troubles, both in winter and summer, second to no other health resort. Costly cottages and camps line the shores of the Upper and Lower St. Regis Lakes and Spitfire Pond, a small body of water through which we pass in going from one to the ■other of the above-named lakes. Their surroundings are strangely wild and beautiful. Guides are found here, in whose boats one can go for nearly a hundred miles south, through lakes and the Ra- quette River, finding a comfortable hotel for every meal, and dis- embarking only now and then to cross the short “carries.” From these lakes, too, under the escort of an Adirondack guide, short trips can be made to regions so dark and wild, and lakes and ponds jso primitive, that no sign of man or his work is to be seen. Here will be found waters teeming with trout, and forests where deer and other large game is apparently as plentiful as when the first white man explored their depths. That portion of the Adirondacks reached by the Adirondack IRailroad from Saratoga, viz., the Blue Mountain and Raquette102 Lake region, has been adequately described and illustrated in the little brochure issued by that Company, entitled, “Birch Bark from the Adirondacks.” Schroon Lake also, with its handsome and spacious hotels* accessible either from Port Henry on the “D. & H.” or from River- side on the Adirondack Railroad, deserves more than passing men- tion for its beauties and popularity. The world-wide reputation of the Adirondack region as a sani- tarium has been so fully treated of in the book entitled, “The Adirondacks as a Health Resort,” by J. W. Stickler, M. S., M. D.* Visiting Physician and Pathologist to the Orange Memorial Hospi- tal, member of the New York Pathological Society, etc. (published by G. P. Putnam’s Sons, New York, price $1.00), that little, if anything, can be added. The work will be found almost invaluable to readers desirous of information under this head. Burlington 4 Shirt 4 Company, MANUFACTURERS OF Shirts, Gollars and Gaffs. CUSTOM WORK A SPECIALTY. Office. 103 St. Paul St., Factory, 143 College St., BXTKiL.iasro-TOisr3 'veiris/IO^T- JE3T A full line of materials for Negligee Shirts always on hand. Silks, Flannels, English and Scotch Cheviots, and French Madras, &c.LAKE CHAMPLAIN. 1ST EAVIN'G Whitehall,, the railroad follows the contour of 'the' Mjj lake through scenery of the most interesting description, pass-- ing the small stations of Chubb’s Dock, Dresden, Putnam and Pat- terson, and then runs out into the lake at Fort Ticonderoga, 100 .miles from Albany, over an exten- sive trestle, to the dock of the Champlain Transportation Company,, where passengers may take the fine steamer “Vermont” for Platts- burgh and intermediate points. Rail tickets are accepted for pas- sage on the steamer, and vice versa. The steep hill rising from the west side of the railroad is Mount Defiance, on the summit of which Burgoyne planted a battery of heavy guns in July, 1777, from which a plunging fire was directed into the fort below. The picturesque- ruins of the fort crown the high and rocky peninsula north of the pier. The peninsula is about 500 acres in extent, surrounded on three sides by water, and bounded on the west by a swamp. The sally-port where the Green Mountain Boys under Ethan Allen en- tered, the old well, the crumbling walls of the barracks surrounding the parade, and the well-defined dry ditches beyond the ramparts, may easily be recognized. In one of the east bastions is a deep and cavernous vault, supposed to have been the garrison bakery. On the high point to the southeast are the well-preserved remains of the Grenadiers’ Battery, and another small battery, surrounded by a. wet ditch, is on the plain to the north. The forests back of the fort grounds are furrowed with intrenchments and redoubts. The first defensive works were built here in 1690, by Captain Glen. In the following year the Christian and Mohawk forces of Major Schuy- ler united here and advanced to their defeat at La Prairie. Baron Dieskau occupied it in 1754, and Montcalm, with a large French104 army, stopped here in 1755, and built the extensive works which he named Fort Carillon. July 8th, 1758, General Abercrombie, ' with 16,000 troops, advanced to attack the fort, but was repulsed after a bloody and fiercely fought battle in the forest west of the fort, in which the French lost 380 men and the Anglo-American army 1,942, and several vessels that were sunk in the lake by the artillery of the fort. The gallant Lord Howe was killed in this105 action. In July, 1759, Lord Amherst, with 11,000 men and fifty- four cannon, advanced on the fort, causing the French to evacuate the place after burning the barracks and exploding the magazine. At daybreak, May 10, 1775, the fort was surprised and captur- ed by eighty-five JNFew England men, commanded by Ethan Allen and Benedict Arnold. Vast supplies of ammunition and 174 can- non were taken, and forty-eight soldiers under Captain Delaplace laid down their arms. In 1777 General St. Clair held the fort with 3,446 meh and forty-seven fortress cannon, but Burgoyne, having advanced from Canada, succeeded in rendering the fort untenable by the bombardment' from Mount’ Defiance/ St. Clair evacuated the fort; his army was pursued, and the rear guard attacked and defeated at Hubbardton. The English also took the artillery and stores at Whitehall, with 200 bateaux and the remnant of Arnold’s fleet. Ten weeks later the outworks of Fort Ticonderoga, 200 bateaux, a war vessel, five cannon and 293 prisoners were captured by 1,000 New England troops under Colonel Brown, and 100 American prisoners liberated. The fort was dismantled a few weeks later, and in 1780 was re-occupied by General Haldimand with troops from Montreal. Since that time Fort Ticonderoga has been deserted.. It is recognized as one of the classic grounds of history. , The railroad passes through a tunnel under the fort grounds to Addison Junction, the main line station for Ticonderoga Village, a handsome town with important manufacturing interests, situated on the outlet of Lake George, which affords a valuable water power. Crown Point, 108 miles. The manufacture of iron is carried on here on a large scale. The ruins of the fortress of Crown Point occupy the promontory between Lake Champlain and the broad Bnlwagga Bay, six miles north of the town.... They may be reached either by boat from Port Henry or by carriage around the foot of the bay. There is a fine stone lighthouse on the point, but other- wise it is abondoned to its ancient remains of strength and pride. The ramparts are half a mile round, twenty-five feet high and106 twenty-five feet thick, faced with stone. The ditches of the fort, its broad parade and ruined barracks are worthy of inspection. Beautiful lake and mountain-"views are gained from the northern bastions. The fort was erected by Lord Amherst, by Pitt’s orders, at a cost of $10,000,000. Two hundred yardg northeast oL the great British fort, and on the steep,bank of the lake, are the ruins of the older French work, Fort St. Frederic, a pentagonal star fort with bastioned angles. In July, 1609, Samuel de Ohamplain, with two Frenchmen and sixty Hurons, came to this point in twenty- four bark canoes, and here they landed and defeated the Iroquois, after passing the night in martial rites and in singing war songs. In 1631 the French occupied Point a la Chevelure (opposite this place), where they built a stone fort, with five cannon, and estab- lished a farming community. In 1731 Louis XV of France caused Fort St. Frederic to be erected, consisting of a wall of limestone, high and thick, enclosing stone barracks, a church, and a tall bomb- proof tower, the armament consisting of sixty-two small cannon. The shores were then much more thickly settled than now, a town of 1,500 inhabitants being near the fort, with gardens and vine- yards, stores and. paved streets. The French project was to establish a new Canadian province, extending from the Connecticut River to Lake Ontario, with Crown Point as its capital. Scores of marauding parties marched from this fortress to carry fire and sword upon the English settlements, but in 1759, after the Fall of Ticonderoga, the place was evacuated. In 1773 the barracks of the great English fort took fire and the powder magazine blew up, partially demolishing the works; and in 1775 Warner’s Green Mountain Boys captured the fort, with its armament of 114 guns. Seven thousand Americans retreated here from Canada in 1776, and hundreds died from the small-pox. In 1777 Burgoyne made the fort his main depot of supplies in the ad- vance on Albany. The ramparts are brilliant with blood-red thorn- apples (in their season) on dense thickets of bushes. These pecu- liar shrubs are found nowhere else in the State, and are said to have been brought from France.107 Port Henry, 118 miles. Extensive iron mines abound near here, producing enormous quantities of fine ore, the greater part of which is converted into pi^ and steele in the great furnaces near the railroad. The town occupies a commanding position at the base of Bulwagga Mountain. Westport, 129 miles from Alban}", is beautifully situated on a slope overlooking the fairest portion of Lake Champlain, and com- mands mountain views of great beauty and extent. The town is an important summer resort, and bids fair to occupy a leading position in this respect in the near future. With its superb situa- tion, and as one of the principal gateways to the Adirondack Moun- tains, it is rapidly growing in importance. A short distance north of Westport, on the west side of the lake, is Split Bock, a remark- able cliff, thirty feet high and a half an acre in extent, which is separated from the mountain by a deep cleft twelve feet wide. It was anciently called Eock Eegio, from an eminent Indian chief who was drowned here. It was the boundry between the Mohawks and the Algonquins, whose territories were respectfully occupied by the English and French; and in 1710 it was acknowledged by the treaty of IJtrecht as the limit of the English dominions. In 1760 it was fixed as the boundary between New York and Canada. This limit was officially acknowledged as late as 1774, but in the following years the Americans passed it under arms, and won and still hold, the territory for seventy-seven miles to the north. Beyond Whallonsburgh the road is built on a shelf carved from the face of the precipice, which rises abruptly from the lake, and the ride around the cliffs of Willsboro Point is most interesting. The engineering difficulties encountered and overcome in the con- struction of the railroad from Whitehall to Plattsburgh were of 4the most formidable character. Port Kent, 76 miles from Whitehall and 154 miles fromi Albany. A line of stages runs from here, connecting with all trains, to Ausable Chasm, three miles, and Keeseville, six miles. Ausable Chasm.—The Lake View House, a large and first- class hotel, is situated near the entrance to the Chasm. When we108 •open our eyes in tb6 morning and find the sun just gilding the horizon, on glancing from our windows, which, fortunately for us, face toward the east, we feel that the Lake View has been well named and charmingly placed. The fogs of the morning stilt hover over Champlain, and, as we gaze, they seem as though moun- tains were dissolving in view. Soon the sun rises higher and higher, the mists clear away, and twenty miles of the lake break on our (delighted vision. The Green Mountains beyond are still cloud- capped when we descend to breakfast. All are on the alert, and as soon as breakfast is over our captain appears, with a good supply of alpenstocks in hand, which, before we are through with, are pronounced valuable aids. The ladies rig out with stout walking-boots, and fasten their skirts under their' belts, so as not to trammel them in walking, and off we start. As we cross the road we pass the Pavilion, a summer-house large enough do seat about 100 persons, and descending 100 steps, and passing about 150 yards, we reach the Ausable Kiver. Here we pause for a few minutes near the bridge to view the rapids, the boiling and ioaming waters before us, prior to the grand leap of seventy feet over Birmingham Palls into the Chasm below. A hundred yards down the river is the Fall, sending up clouds of spray, which the morning sun has already tinted in all the bright colors of the rain- bow. A few steps bring us to an overhanging rock, whence we look directly down the foaming waters of the Fall. In winter the scene here is indescribably beautiful, the sprays causing innumerable fan- tastic and graceful ice formations, with icicles pendant, like gigan- tic stalactites, from the rocks, thirty or forty feet in length. A short distance farther on and we enter an octagon-shaped lodge, where a book is presented to us, in which we enter our names, and, paying each a fee, we’pass through, and descending a winding stairway of .about 125 ste]3s we find ourselves in the Chasm. . Turning short to the left, an exclamation of delight springs from each as Birmingham Falls, in all their beauty and grandeur, burst on our view. We .all pass up to a point almost within the mass of waters, the. wind,110 however, fortunately carrying the spray towards the other hank. We here take a position with no inclination to pass on; the ladies particularly are intensely pleased, and talk of spending the day here, hut the others remind them that time passes, and more is to be done; so retracing our steps, we pass down the river on the rocky path, which is admirably clean and dry, and everywhere free from drip. We soon reach a large rock, separated by a strip of water from the path, the space occupied by a beautiful little cascade. Step- ping over this space we are on Rock Island, between which and the other shore of the river a charming Fall, about ten feet in height, named from its shape the Horse Shoe, is located. Here we look back to see, for the last time on this trip, Birmingham Falls. . The water view here is very fine. Opposite us Pulpit Rock, 135 feet high, overhangs the river, the jutting rocks fringed with ferns, of which the Chasm furnishes a great variety, while here and there delicate harebells hang their graceful heads, and the top is shaded by white cedars, Norway spruce and other evergreens. A short distance farther we turn a corner or elbow, and are fairly in the Chasm. The river varies in width, and sometimes the passages are not more than thirty feet, and again they widen to 150 feet. Our footway, by the action of the waters, which at times overflow it, has become as smooth and polished as though done by hand, the stone being brown sandstone, or Potsdam Samanite. Geologists claim the rocks here to be of the primitive formation. A short dis- tance farthar, and our attention is called to a wonderful rift or parting, as it were, in the opposite bank, constituting quite a gorge, to which some one has given the euphonious name of “The Devil’s Slide.” It extends back at an angle of about forty-five degrees, and reaches the summit about three hundred feet back. A few yards below is another rift in the rocks, appearing as though caused by a sudden convulsion of nature, and showing that if placed to- gether the two sides would fit each other. This is named Split Rock Gorge, and it and its neighbor Dual Gorge.Ill We are now in a large chamber probably two hundred feet in diameter, the rocks closing in so that apparently the river has no passage. In this chamber, on one side, about forty feet above the bed of the stream, we find a cave some twenty-five feet deep, called the Devil’s Oven. Passing out of the Oven we go to the water’s edge, and on the side of the river on which we stand, sloping steeply above us, the rocks tower to the top in a somewhat ladder- like form, and are known as Jacob’s Ladder. Opposite there is a projecting bluff nearly two hundred feet high, called Bellevue. The river, reduced to a width of about ten feet, rushes madly through between, causing a grand succession of rapids lashing and foaming ceaselessly, and forming the most beautiful water scene imaginable. We here cross a truss bridge and land on a rock gallery near the base of Bellevue. Before leaving the bridge all pause for some moments to enjoy the view. We can see from this point, in each direction, a long distance, with the rocks piled up in various shapes like buttressed fortresses. The ceaseless rapids below us, with their never-ending dash, adds to the interest of the spot, and we pass on regretfully. Formerly the passage was over the top of Bellevue, ascending to its top by a long winding stairway, which was reached by wooden galleries on that side of the river. The old way wras much more picturesque, but was greatly more fatiguing and labor- ious, and, being in places much above the water, some parties be- came nervous and feared the passage; now all pass with the feeling of greatest confidence and safety. Passing round the corner of Bellevue, we pause till all of our party arrive. An exclamation of wonder and delight escapes from the whole party, the ladies espec- ially, as, nestling down in a small chamber or niche in the rocks, the Fernery comes in view, the rocks all moss-covered and gemmed with varieties of fern. Some of the gentlemen clamber down into the chamber to pluck ferns for the ladies, and were not nature so very bountiful in furnishing fresh supplies, the rocks would soon show a barren aspect ; as it is, the supply is continually renewed. Leaving the Fernery, we pass down a short flight of steps, and112 a short distance along the rocks we come to a circular hole along- side the path, which we are told is the Devil’s Punch Bowl, although it generally contains only water. Passing on about one hundred yards, we come to Jacob’s Well, a remarkable pot-hole, which, when first discovered, was filled with rubbish. This proves conclusively that the Chasm was made by attrition, and not, as some suppose,, by a convulsion of nature. « This well is about five feet in diameter, almost circular, and perhaps twelve feet deep; is about forty feet above the present bed of the river, and evidently made by the action of the revolving stones. . The ripple-marks throughout the Chasm are likewise interesting and novel. Again passing on, we shortly reach Mystic Gorge, which extends back at right angles with the river 300 feet and then reaches the level. About eighty feet up this Gorge a large log has been left by the action of the water, one end elevated some twenty feet, showing what a mad torrent the Au- sable is at times. Opposite the Mystic Gorge, on the other side of the river, is Shady Gorge, completely bedded with ferns and the rocks green with moss, and whose interior is never gilded by the sun’s rays. One of the most interesting features of the Chasm is its frequent lateral gorges; in almost every instance where one oc- curs, on the opposite side of the river is another, making, with the river only intervening, a continuous gorge or chasm, being moss- grown and thickly strewn with ferns. These, whilst their tops are densely shaded by evergreens, make them perfectly charming, and add greatly to the beauty^and varied character of the Chasm. On one side of Shady Gorge is a beetling promontory of overhang- ing rock, Cape Eternity. Ascending a few steps, our feet rest on the Long Gallery, or Via Mala. This is one of the wonders of the Chasm, distinguishing it from all other glens. Imagine a gallery about 150 feet in length, only wide enough for two to pass at a time, carved out of the rocks, and almost directly overhanging the rush- ing and boiling water fifty feet below, with the summit of the rock nearly 100 feet above. But for this, further passage through the Chasm could not] be "had. This gallery has been likened to the113 Splugen Pass and Gorge de Trient, Switzerland. We pass over the* Long Gallery, and, descending a few steps into the gorge, our atten- tion is called to a double cave on the opposite side of the river * with a division in the middle having the conformity almost of a huge mud wasp’s nest, and called Hyde’s Cave. On the same side of the river, and just below Hyde’s Cave, the walls of the Chasm arise4 almost perpendicularly, assuming the form of columns, and are very appropriately named Column or Castle Rocks. Passing on a short distance farther, we come to a deep gorge immediately cross- ing our path, and were it not for a light, graceful bridge which spans it, our journey would end here. This is christened Smug- gler’s Pass, and is a weird, wild place, containing several caves, some' of which have been made accessible by stairways. A short distance= beyond is the Post-Office; here the rocks overhang the pathway,, and about four feet above it are worn into small holes or receptacles,., in which many of the visitors deposit their cards, containing their names and remarks about the Chasm. Here we find cards, written in English, French, Japanese and Turkish, showing that already the fame of the Chasm is widely extended; here they ac- cumulate, protected from the rain, until the swirls of the. winds, scatter them. * Leaving the Post-Office, we soon come to the Short Gallery,, keyed into the rock, and the only wooden gallery, and after passing it see, a short distance ahead on the other side of the river, one of the most wonderful views in the entire Chasm; below us is the* Upper Flume, whilst beyond Cathedral Rocks arise, 125 feet in height, in a semicircular form, and not unlike the ruins of an old cathedral. At one end, closely jutting the river’s edge, the king; of all, the majestic Sentinel Rock, towers up in lofty grandeur, while, at its base, Table Rock, broad and fiat, spreads itself, and. whereon large groups gather at times to view the marvelous scenery. On Table Rock a singularly natural formation of rock is seen per- fectly representing a monster anvil. And as the devil has his Slide, his Oven and Punch Bowl in the Chasm1, this has not inappropri-114 ,ately been named the Devil’s Anvil. Passing along about 100 yards, we come to a wooden slianty, where our party indulge in a mild beverage, known as ginger-pop, prior to commencing a most wonderful boat ride. Entering a long, pointed, well-constructed boat, capable of seating a dozen persons, our boatman seating him- self in the stern, paddle in hand to act as a rudder, we start, mov- ing entirely with the current. Soon we shoot a small rapid, the rocks towering 175 feet above us on each side, sometimes almost overhanging. At one point the stream narrows to thirteen feet, and there its depth is sixty feet. Looking back, we seem to be shooting, as it were, down hill. We pass through a flume about one-quarter of a mile on farther, into a placid basin, whence the river flows through a flat, open country till it empties into Lake Cham- plain. There we regretfully leave the boat, and commence to re- trace our steps toward the Lake View, our pathway winding along the verge of the river, giving us some charming views of the lateral gorges and canons. We soon reach the point on the bank where the river is narrowest, and where formerly a bridge called High Bridge spanned the Chasm. Burlington, Vt.—The City of Burlington, the trade centre of Lake Champlain and the metropolis of Vermont, stands on the old seigniory of La Manaudiere the property of Pierre Ramibault, when the French began to settle on the Lake. To the East are the two highest mountains of the Green Mountain Range—Mansfield and Camel’s Hump, Burlington is midway between the great resorts— Saratoga, Lake George and the White Mountains—and a point of much interest to tourists. Leaving Saratoga in the morning, the tourist, after a delightful trip by boat through Lake George and Lake Champlain, arrives in Burlington a little after 5 o’clock p. m. The evening and a good share of the next forenoon can be devoted to sight seeing, when Central Vermont trains may be taken for the White Mountains via Montpelier. Tourists can leave White Mountains in the afternoon and reach Burlington in time for sup- per ; remain over night, and leave by Steamer Vermont for Saratoga,115 via Lakes Champlain and George, arriving at the famous spa in time for supper. Burlington is a City of about 16,000 inhabitants. Shipping in the harbor is protected by a long breakwater with a lighthouse at each end. From the wharves, at the water line, the ground slopes upward, covered with lines of stately stores and dwellings, and, appropriately enough, overlooked by the University buildings of the State—the “Queen City’s” crown. The surface'of the sur- rounding country is greatly diversified, and the landscape is not only unexcelled in Vermont, but vies with far more pretentious localities in foreign lands. If from almost any part of the city you look Westward, you view the'Lake at your feet, with its surround- ing hills, and beyond, the mountains lifting themselves in ridges like the waves of a tumultuous sea. To the East, the view extends over gradually increasing hills, terminating in the Green Mountains. The Winooski River forms the Northern boundary of the City, and * possesses an exceedingly romantic and picturesque valley. Burling- ton has many public institutions, among which are the University with its Medical College, the Vermont Episcopal Institute, St. Joseph’s College (Catholic), Orphan Asylum, Free Library, and many more. ' Burlington is the fourth city in the Nation in the distribution of lumber, and has the largest mills for dressing lumber in the world. The Central Vermont Railroad places the city in direct communication with Boston, New York, Montreal and the White Mountains via Montpelier. The Central Vermont Railroad man- agement control and operate nearly 800 miles of main line of road, their system extending from Ogdensburg, N. Y., Slier broke and the St. Lawrence River in Canada to Long Island Sound and embrac- ing in its ramifications four States. The Burlington & Lamoille Railroad runs from Burlington to Cambridge Junction, where it connects with the St. Johnsbury and Lake Champlain Railroad. The Champlain Transportation Co., which operates the regtt-116 lar lines of steamers on Lake Caamplain and Lake George, has its1 headquarters in Burlington. College Hill is the highest point of land in the City, and is 300 feet above the Lake. Upon it is situated the University of Yermont, from whose observatory a view may be obtained of the beautiful surrounding scenery. On the East rise the Green Moun- tains, Mansfield and Camel’s Hump, in full view from base to sum- mit, with a fine sweep of open country between. On the North is the valley of " the Winooski, and of Lake Champlain stretching North to St. Albans Bay, while on the South the hill sinks away and leaves in sight Shelburne Bay, with its picturesque shores. On the West, the sweep of the eye takes in the gentle slope of the City to the Lake shore, the bay, Pottier’s, Red Rocks, Rock and Appletree Points; and between the City and opposite shore, ten miles distant, one of the broadest parts of Lake Champlain, reflect- ing the mountains and. flecked with the shadows of clouds, gemmed with the green isles Juniper and Four Brothers, while the Adiron- dacks sink into the horizon beyond, stretching North and South for nearly a hundred miles, Old White Face “heaving high his forehead bare” behind the frontier of Peaks right opposite, and Mount Marcy and his tall companion on the Southwest, with the tracks of land-slides marked in white on their blue sides. Immediately below, from the front of the College green, extend the broad, well-kept streets, leading to the lake front, where acres upon acres of land have been made by filling in along the shore, and the whole is now covered by immense lumber yards, large mills and extensive wharfing. No University in the United States can boast of a finer site than belongs to the University of Vermont. On the spacious park in front of the University has been erected, by the munificence of the late J. P. Howard, a bronze statue of La Fayette (whp Jaid the cqrner-stone of the main University building in 1825) the work of the sculptor, J. Q. A. Ward, at a cost of $25,000. / A new medical college, the gift of the late John P. Howard,117 accommodating 300 students, was completed in 1885, and a mag- nificent library'building—Billings Library— costing $125,000 and ‘built-in the Romanesque style of architecture, the gift of Hon.118 Frederick Billings, of Woodstock, Vt., was completed during the same year. The library contains over 20,000 volumes and is acces- sible to the public under certain restrictions, as is also the Park Gallery of Art, in which is a choice collection of paintings, statuary, etc., and the Museum, which contains over 80,000 specimens. Two miles north of the Van Ness House -is Rock Point, the. location of the Vermont Episcopal Institute, a well known board- ing school for boys. The property consists of 300 acres of land. In point of scenery the location is unexcelled. Rock Point is well known for its wild, picturesque aspect, but the lovely view it- affords of the Lake, the City, the Green and Adirondack Mountains, sur- passes its own picturesqueness. The Institute is a large, stone build- ing, erected from specimens of marble found upon the place, and is equipped with all appurtenances for a first-class boarding school, which will accommodate seventy-five pupils. During the summer season the Institute building is filled with boarders, who find this one of the finest retreats in the State, and one possessing all the requirements of a Summer resort. Prof. H. H. Ross is Principal of the Institute. Green Mount Cemetery attracts thousands of visitors every year who go to gaze upon a magnificent monument, which marks the spot where rest the remains of one of Vermont’s greatest pat- riots and heroes, Ethan Allen. The monument is of Barre gran- ite, the base of the pedestal being eight feet square on the ground, and consists of two steps of granite, on which rests a die of solid granite six feet square, in the four faces of which are set panels of white marble bearing the inscriptions. Above the pedestal rises a tuscan shaft of granite four and one-half feet in diameter and forty- two feet high. Upon its capital, on a base .bearing the word “Ticonderoga,” stands a heroic statue of Allen, eight feet four inches high, modeled by Peter Stephenson, sculptor, of Boston, and cut in Italy, intended to represent Allen as he appeared on that eventful moment when he demanded the surrender of the fort “in the name of the Great Jehovah and the Continental Congress.”119 The monument is protected by a fence of original design, the cor- ner posts of which are iron cannon, and the pales are muskets,, with bayonets, resting on a base of cut granite. The manufacturing interests of Burlington are extensive.- They represent sixty different factories, giving employment each’ to from five to five hundred persons; and, including the lumber' interests, employ a capital of over $3,500,000, and pay out yearly to their employes the magnificent sum of $2,000,000. Six large firms are engaged in the lumber business, and the amount of lum- ber handled by them exceeds 10,000,000 feet annually. Among the handsome residences in Burlington none surpass “Overlake,” the mansion of Ool. Le Grand B. Cannon, situated on the Southern slope of College Hill. It is of the French chateau style of architecture, rarely seen in this country. The surrounding grounds are sixty acres in extent, and afford unusual facilities in the nature of the soil, rocks and forest trees for landscape garden- ing and picturesque effects, all of which have been improved to the fullest extent. The view of the Lake from this property is one of' the best that the City affords. Near Howard Park, to the South of the City, is “Oak Ledge,” the country seat of Dr. W. Seward Webb, of New York City, who, attracted by the beauties of Burlington, has recently purchased several hundred acres of land fronting upon the Lake shores, and has erected a beautiful residence upon a prominence overlooking the Lake. Burlington also furnishes its share of the nation’s celebrities,, and is the home of Senator George F. Edmunds and Minister E. J. Phelps, the residence of the former being on Main Street, and that of the latter on Willard Street. The section of the country adjacent to Burlington is prolific: of lovely drives and enjoyable excursions. Among the many pleas- ant drives may be mentioned: To Mallett’s Bay, a lovely and attrac- tive spot; to the Steamboat Harbor and through “Lover’s Lane,”’ Shelburne ; to the High Bridge, a picturesque and attractive lo-120 'cality; to Winooski Park and its neighborhood; to Rock Point, and many more. To the South of Burlington is located Howard Park, where a great fair and mechanical exposition is annually held, and the Queen City Park, a favorite resort for picnics and pleasure parties. In the Northern part of the City is Battery Park, a beautiful spot, rendered additionally interesting from its historic associations. Two miles South of the City is located the Home for Destitute Children, founded in 1865 through the efforts of Miss Lucia T. Wheeler. A nucleus of the building was erected by the United States Government as a Marine Hospital, and was finished in 1858. It was occupied during the late civil war as a military hospital. Ten acres of ground surrounds the Home. The property was se- cured from the Government in 1866 and fitted uj) at a cost of $30,- 000. *£THE NERVINE.” This establishment is located on North Prospect Street, College Hill,' and is admir- ably situated, both on account of the excellent view there obtained of. Lake Cnam- plain and the Adirondack Mountains on the west, and the Green Mountains on the east, as well for its adaptiveness for the special purpose for which the building was erected. This purpose is to furnish a retreat for nervous invalids, where they can find quiet, rest and health. Dr. A., J. Willard, the proprietor, who was for six years superintendent and resident physician of the Mary Fletcher Hospital, conceived the idea of this institution while at the Hospital, as he observed how inadequate were the provisions in a general hospital for the needs of the nervous. On leaving the Hospital he entered upon this specialty. The institution tills a place made necessary by the peculiar condition of the age. Nervous diseases are multiplying with the ex- cessive strain upon the generation, in new and many ways. These cases are difficult of treatment, and the most enlightened and scientific methods, with the bestcare, are none too favorable to be songht- The doctor has been very successful with his specialty, and will be compelled to enlarge his institution to accommodate his pa- tients. Dr. Willard last summer added an annex to his establishment by building a commodious cottage on the lake shore, where his convalescent patients were taken. This retreat is. known as the “White Birches,” and is one of the most beautiful spots on the shores of Lake Champlain. THE SEA SERPENT. According to many reliable persons, Lake Champlain contains some water monster;—a genuine sea serpent—and not the rubber apparatus which the seaside landlord inflated and periodically anchored near his house, exciting the wonder of guests; and which, on approaching, could be manipulated by ropes from the house so121 as to disappear. The Champlain monster favors no particular lo- cality, but sports in all parts of the Lake. Captain Clark, of the Steamer Rescue, has navigated the Lake for 25 years, and has seen the serpent at different times and in different places. A few years ago Captain Clark and a number of persons saw the monster near Essex, and during the Summer of 1886 it was seen near Willsboro. Those who have seen it claim that the serpent travels very fast, making a foam in the water as it moves. The head of the serpent is described as the size of a barrel. Friday morning, May 13, 1888, many residents of Burlington saw what was siypposed to be the serpent in the harbor. Crowds collected on the shores to watch his movements and the utmost ex- citement prevailed. The serpent was plainly visible. His length was estimated at 150 feet, and his color was at times a slaty brown, at others he seemed to be glistening white, like the scales of a shad. His motion was undulatory and he moved with aston- ishing rapidity toward the North. Suddenly he disappeared. Hundreds of people saw it and were convinced that they had seen a marine monster. The whole city were talking of the wonderful sight. c‘Adirondack” Murray saw the monster, too, and he wrote a description of it. Mr. Murray looked at the serpent through a powerful field glass, when the monster resolved itself into several hundred small birds of the plover family, flying in a long line which swung up and down and to the right or left as they flew. Mr. Murray says: “The under side of their wings and their breasts were snowy white; their beaks were slaty brown. When in the long or short curving of their flight they were flying at such an angle as regards the gazer that the under side of their wings and breast were seen, the serpent, long and white, appeared. When they took some slant at another angle and their backs and upper side of their wings were turned toward the gazer, the white line died out and the monster seemed to sink from view. The quiver- ing and vibratory motions of the monster were thus explained. The122 quick flutter of their little wings, in long line extended, the gradual swoop up and down in their flight, made the appearance perfect. The immense speed of the serpent was accounted for, his motion being the motion of quick-winged birds cleaving the air, and not of an aquatic monster rushing through the water. That this is a true account and perfect solution of the Champlain sea serpent the pub- lic may believe, for I had not only the opportunity to see one sea serpent that morning, but I saw three at the same instant, one rounding Bluff Point, one about a mile out, heading to join it, and another North of Juniper Island, and so I speak with the certainty of one who knows whereof he affirms.” Steaming on from Burlington to Port Kent, ten miles distant, we soon leave, on our right, the precipitous banks of Rock Point. At various places along the shore are hung masses of rock that have become detached from the point. The large stone building seen upon the point is the Vermont Episcopal Institute, a military school for boys. The long, slim point which puts out into the Lake just beyond, is Appletree Point. The Winooski River empties into the bay to the North. The headland extending well into the Lake North of Appletree Point in Colchester Point. The Island West of the cape is Law’s Island, with Hog Island a little farther West. North of Colchester the Lake attains its greatest width, 12 1-8 miles. At the point of greatest width Mallett’s Head crowds up from the South, and Mal- lett’s Bay, set with several islet gems, indents the Vermont shore. In this vicinity are several valuable marble quarries. The land seen to the North, from the center of the Lake is Grand Isle. This island is thirteen miles long and is connected with the main land on the East by a sand-bar bridge a little over a mile North of the mouth of the Lamoille River. Years ago vessels crossed this bar in times of high water, but the passage is now en- tirely .closed to navigation. Stages run daily from Burlington across this wave-built bridge to Grand Isle. The detached land seen to the West of the Southern Point of123 Grand Isle is Providence Island, the property of the Central Ver- mont Railroad Co. It has been fitted up as a park and several buildings have been erected upon the Island, which forms a capital place for picnics and excursion parties. The Steamer Reindeer car- ries parties to the Island from Burlington and other points.- Just South of Providence Island is a small inlet called Carle- ton’s Prize. This island was fired upon by Carleton, in 1775, who, in the darkness, supposed it a vessel. Carleton captured it and it has since borne his-name. Nearing Port Kent, we pass to the North of Schuyler Island, named after John Schuyler, who in an expedition against Canada, in 1690, encamped with his forces for some little time upon the Island. Trembleau Point puts out from the New York shore to- ward the Island. The bay to the South of the point is Cbrlear’s Bay, also called Douglas Bay. It was named Corlear in early times, after the founder of Schenectady, a friend of the Indians. Corlear was drowned in Lake Champlain, and the appropriation of his name to this bay seems to locate there the scene of the catas- tophe. Bluff Point, 164 miles from Albany, is the most sightly point on Lake Champlain. The Bluff Point Hotel Company has built and opened for guests this spring, one of the most costly and. perfectly appointed summer hotels in the Union. Such has been the rapid growth in popularity of Lake Cham- plain that it is believed that the opening of this fine home for sum- mer pleasure seekers but signalizes the beginning of an era of inter- est in this incomparable region that will place the shores of Lake Champlain as a pleasuring ground upon an equality with those of its neighbor, Lake George. Plattsburgh, 168 miles fron^ Albany. A town of about 8.000 inhabitants, the capital of Clinton County, and situated at the mouth of Saranac River. Trinity Church and the Clinton County Buildings front the Park near Margaret Street, and farther south on that street is the fine building of the United States Custom124 House and Post-Office. On Cornelia Street is St. Peter’s Roman Catholic Church (Oblate Fathers), near which is a quaint old French nunnery. Hear the Post-Office are the fine stone Presbyte- rian Church and Catholic Church of St. John. On a sandy plain, one mile south of the Tillage, are the extensive United States Bar- racks. The place is distinguished as the scene of the victory of Mac- Donough and Macomb over the British naval and land forces under Commodore Downie and Sir George Provost, known as the battle of Plattsburgh. The American fleet, consisting of the Saratoga (26), Eagle (20), Ticonderoga (17), Preble (7 guns) and ten gun- boats, was anchored in a double line between Crab Island, and Cumberland Head. The British fleet, consisting of the Confiance (38), the Linnet (16), the Chub and the Finch (11 guns each), and twelve gunboats, passed Cumberland Head about eight o’clock in the morning of September 8, 1814. As the first gun was fired from the fleet, General Provost, with 14,000 troops, furiously as- saulted the defences of the town. General Macomb had about 3,000 men, mostly undiciplined. The battle raged for two hours, when the capture of their fleet obliged the British force to retire, with a loss of about 2,500 men and a large amount of baggage and ammunition, while the American loss was less than 150. Commo- dore Downie was killed early in the action by being struck in the groin by a 24-pounder cannon, which had been dismounted by a ball and hurled in-board. MacDonough was crushed to the deck by the fall of a heavy boom which had been cut off by a cannon ball, and soon afterwards he was stunned by being hit by the flying head of one of his sub-officers. Dowie and fifteen other officers of the contending forces rest in the Plattsburgh Cemetery, and the men of the fleets who fell in the battle were buried on Crab Island. i The black bass fishing in Lake Champlain is unsurpassed, if equal- ed, by any other waters. Ho pleasanter camping places can be found anywhere than along the shores of this lake. This method125 of spending a summer vacation is becoming very popular, and de- servedly so. From Plattsburgh the road runs through West Chazy and Chazy, and terminates at Rouse’s Point, 192 miles from Albany on the Canadian fron- tier. This is a village of about 1,500 inhabitants, on Lake Cham- plain, at the mouth of the Richelieu River, and a popular summer resort. Fort Montgomery is one mile north of the place, and com- mands the Richelieu River with 164 guns. After the work on this fort had gone on for some time, it was found to be in British ter- ritory, and was abandoned and named Fort Blunder. A generous change of boundary gave the land to the United States, and the fort was completed at a cost of $600,000. The trains of the “D. & H.” run into Montreal, fifty miles from Rouse’s Point and 242 miles from Albany, over the tracks of the Grand Trunk Railway, crossing the St. Lawrence River through the celebrated Victoria Tubular Bridge, two miles in length. Connection is also made at Rouse’s Point for Malone, Ogdensburg and other points on the Ogdensburg & Lake Champlain Railroad.MONTREAL, QUEBEC, AND THE RIVER SAGUENAY. IEAVING Rouse’s Point, the trains of the “D. & H.” run over i the tracks of the Grand Trunk Railway 50 miles to Montreal. We are now in the Province of Quebec, whose singular history has so much charm for strangers, and which has been made so familiar through the glowing pages of Francis Parkman. Midway between Rouse’s Point and Montreal, St. Johns is passed. . The tourist is here first made aware of the fact that he is among a different peo- ple, and the French language divides supremacy with the English. Quaint remains of the old French regime are seen in the grass- grown fortifications; and ancient houses, in the quaint architecture of Colonial days, with thick, low walls and small windows, and high, steep roofs, tell us plainly of winter rigors. The country is a flat alluvial plain until the St. Lawrence is reached, which is crossed through the wonderful Victoria Tubular Bridge. This great triumph of engineering skill was completed in 1859, from the designs of Robert Stephenson and A. M. ftoss. The bridge is 9,184 feet in length. There are 25 tubes, which are supported by 24 piers and two terminal abutments. The tubes are of wrought boiler-plate iron, built up with most careful calculation, of varying thickness of plate, and stiffened with angle iron. They are of uni- form breadth of 16 feet, and their height varies from 18 feet 6 inches at the ends to 22 feet at the centre. The centre tube is. 60 feet above the summer level of the river. The total cost of the bridge was $6,300,000. The city of Montreal is situated upon the southeast side of a triangular island formed by the mouths of the Ottawa, where, after127 a course of 600 miles, it flows into the St. Lawrance. The popu- lation of the city is about 200,000. Back of the city, and within its limits, rises Mount Royal, 700 feet in height, on the summit of which, is a fine park, from whence views of great extent and beauty are obtained. The stranger will be impressed with the solidity of128 the architecture—both private and commercial—the beauty of the streets, and the magnificent ecclesiastical edifices and convents. There is a general appearance about everything so foreign to cities in the United States that it is difficult to realize that we are but a few hours from familiar things. Among points of interest to be visited are the mountain; the river front, whose magnificent stone wharves, , a distance of 1 1-2 miles of solid revetment wall, are among the finest in the world—the wharves are not disfigured by ware- houses, and the river street is as clear as a Parisian quay; the pub- lic buildings, the Court House, Bonsecours Market, Custom House and City Hall. Mark Twain remarked at a public dinner at the Windsor Hotel, that he “never was in a city before where one could not throw a brickbat without breaking a church window.” There are in Montreal 79 church edifices. The Church of Notre Dame, the Jesuits Church, the English Cathedral, Notre Dame de Lour- des, and Notre Dame de Nazareth are particularly interesting. Notre Dame is the largest church on the continent; it will easily accommodate 10,000 people, and when crowded, as it often is, will contain 15,000. The two principal towers are 227 feet high. There are ten bells in the towers, making a chime upon which, on great occasions, tunes are played. Besides these, there is a very large one, “Le Gros Bourden,” called Jean Baptiste, weighing 29,- 400 lbs., the largest in America. The two largest of the other bells are christened Maria Victoria and Albert Edwin Louis; they weigh respectively 6,041 and 3,633 lbs. The southwest tower may be ascended to its summit, from whence the view is of great inter- est. The hospital of the Gray Nuns, the Hotel Dieu, McGill Uni- versity, the Seminary of St. Sulpice, and Laval University are interesting to strangers. The gaiety of a Canadian winter can best be seen here. The Annual Carnival is an event so unique in its character, and so inter- esting in all its features, that visitors are attracted thither by thousands every winter from all parts of the land. Many attempts have been made to imitate the Montreal carnival in other cities, but129 it is conceded that these attempts can be but feeble imitations,, and- that Montreal is the only city where all of the conditions of'climate1 and temperament of the people necessary to make a great and suc- cessful winter carnival can be found. The hotels of Montreal are^. of world-wide renown.130 The Montreal office of the Delaware and Hudson Company is .“at Ho. 143 St. James Street, where an agent of the company will he glad to give strangers any desired information about the city, excursions, etc. Quebec.—Henry Ward Beecher thus refers to this singular city: ‘ ‘Queer old Quebec! Of all cities on the continent of America, the quaintest. It is a populated cliff, a mighty rock,' scraped and graded and made to hold houses and castles, which, by all proper natural laws, ought to slide off from its back like an ungirded load frpm a camel’s back. But they stick. At the foot of the rocks the space of several streets has been stolen from the river.” . One point of interest to visit is the citadel on Caj)e Diamond, a precipitous promontory rising 350 feet perpendicularly above the river. Mounting the ramparts of the fortification, the visitor will view a scene of surpassing beauty. Standing on the very beak of 4he promontory, which juts out into the broad, undulating valley, lie sees the land rising, slope upon slope, until the purple moun- tains close in the view. These slopes, studded with villages, ■crowned with bright steeples, look down, as from some gigantic .amphitheatre, upon the river basin and shipping. Walking west- ward along the ramparts, the visitor will obtain a good view of the Plains of Abraham, where the decisive battle was fought, as well ;as of the precipitous bank up which Wolfe’s army climbed on that September night so fatal to French power in the western world. Dufferin Terrace is a very beautiful promenade on the brow of the precipitous cliff overhanging the Lower Town. It commands a magnificent view of the harbor and of the opposite side of the river. It is 1,420 feet in length and 182 feet above the river, and all Quebec may be seen here on summer evenings. Interesting and beautiful as Quebec may be, with its quaint buildings and legend- ary memories, the drives and excursions from the city surpass the .attractions of the city itself. The Falls of Montmorenci, the Lor- ■efte Cascades, and the Chaudiere Falls should be seen. The ohurches are neither so numerous nor so fine as in Montreal. The131 "Basilica, however, built in 1666 by Monseigneur, de Loval, the first "bishop of Quebec, is interesting, as being the most foreign looking building in Quebec. The interior contains some good pictures, .among which area St. Paul by Carlo Maretta, and a Christ by Yan Dyck. The vestments are proba- bly more gorgeous in adornment than are to..be seen anywhere else in America; many of them were gifts from the Trench kings. The ■church is the See of the Archbi- shop of Quebec. In 1874, Pope Pius IX. elevated it to the rank of a Basilica Minor; it is the only ■church of that dignity in America. The Church of Notre Dame des Yictoires was built in the 17th ■century. Laval University, found- ed in 1863, contains a library of 77,000 volumes, costly apparatus and an herbarium of 10,000 plants. Fourteen colleges and four grand seminaries are affiliated to this university. The chapel to the seminary contains some fine paintings. If the tourist desires to continue his journey down the river St. Lawrence and up the Saguenay Liver, he will here warded by some of the most majestic iScenery to be found anywhere. Of the Saguenay Eiver, the correspondent of the London Times who accompanied the Prince of Wales upon his visit to this country has left a fine description, from which we quote below: “Cape Eternity is one tremendous cliff of limestone, more than 1,500 feet high, and inclined forward more than 200 feet, brow- beating all beneath it, and seeming as if at any moment it would fall and overwhelm the deep black stream which flows so cold, so deep and motionless below. One does not wish for silence or soli- tude here. Compahionship becomes doubly necessary in an awful solitude like this, and though you involuntarilly talk in subdued132 tones, still talk yon must, if only to relieve your mind of tike feel- ing of loneliness and desolation which seems to weigh on all who* venture up this stern, grim, watery chasm. The ‘Flying. Fish’ passed under this cape slowly, with her yards almost touching the* rock, though with more than 1,000 feet of water under her. The1 solemn and almost forbidding silence became at last too much. The party said they had not come out to be overawed, chilled and sub- dued by rocks, however tremendous, so it was carried nem. con. that, dead, and stony as they were, they must at least have echoes, and the time was come to wake them. In a minute after, one of the large 68-pounders was cast loose, and trained aft to face the' cliff. From under its overhanging mass, the ‘Flying Fish’ was1 moved with care, lest any loose crag should be sufficiently disturbed by the concussion to come down bodily upon her decks. A safe dis- tance thus gained, the gun was fired. Hone who were in the ‘Fly- ing Fish’ that day will ever forget its sound. For the space of half a minute or so there was a dead silence, and then, as if the report and concussion were hurled back upon the decks, the echoes came down crash on crash. It seemed as if the rocks and crags had all sprung into life under the tremendous din, and as if each was firing 68-pounders full upon us, in sharp, crushing volleys,, till at last they grew hoarser and hoarser in their anger, and retreated, bellow- ing slowly, carrying the tale of invaded solitude from hill to hill, till all the distant mountains seemed to roar and groan at the intru- sion. It was the first time these hideous cliffs had ever been made to speak, and when they did break silence they did it to some pur- pose.” There are many* objects of interest to note in making this ex- cursion. . In leaving Quebec, there is a fine view of the city and harbor from the promenade deck of the steamer. Cape Diamond, with its citadel and battlements, the city surrounding same on all sides, with its domes and spires, the ramparts and batteries crown- ing this thriving town, the fertile plains of Beauport in the fore- ground, lend an enchantment to the sight not to be surpassed: the133 Lionise Tidal Basin is the largest on the continent. Looking across on the south side, opposite Quebec, there stands the growing town of Levis, of about 30,000 inhabitants, being the terminus of the •Grand Trunk Railway, the Quebec Central, and Intercolonial Rail- ways ; the terminus also of the Royal Mail Ocean Steamers. A little back of the town stand the celebrated fortifications built by ithe Imperial Government. There is also a graving dock, the most ■extensive in size in America. The “Montmorenci Falls” charm the beholder as the steamer swiftly glides by. Then turning from the city, we see the island of Orleans, which Jacques Cartier in 1535 christened the “Isle of Bacchus,” so called from the luxuriant growth of its wild grape-vines. It is situated nine miles below Quebec; it is twenty miles in length, and six in its greatest width. There are several villages scattered over its surface; its soil is very fertile; it rises to a considerable elevation at its western extremity, the high land being fully 350 feet above the water level. There are numerous Catholic churches and one Protestant. The total population of the island is between 6,000 and 7,000. A ferry steamer plies regularly between the city and the island. dape .Tourment.—As soon as the Isle of Orleans is passed, this cape is well^een; it rises to an altitude of about 2,000 feet. On the highest elevation a cross was erected in 1616, which was .replaced by a small chapel erected in 1870. Gross© Isl© is now seen in full view; it is noticeable as being rthe quarantine station for Quebec. Many islands are now passed (.of remarkable scenic beauty, and very fertile, and are renowned for :the quantity of game of all sorts which flock to them in season. ,At this point the river widens considerably, and ere long has reach- ted such a width as to render its shores almost invisible from the -deck of the steamer. Passing onward, we view Baie St. Paul and Tsle aux Ooudres, which is remarkable for its rich iron mines. All ralong the route the river presents one continuous panorama of the wildest scenery, only second to the noble Saguenay River.134 Murray Bay is now reached, a favorite watering-place of the* Lower St. Lawrence. This village is picturesquely situated amid frowning hills and wild scenery. This is a favorite summer resort for the fashionable world and also for families, the accommodation, being unsurpassed—comfortable hotels, well-furnished and well- arranged boarding-houses, also numerous cottages which are rented, to visitors. Here also is a valuable mineral spring, whose waters; are highly recommended to invalids; it possesses also good seabath- ing and fine bracing air. It is renowned as a sporting-place, both for anglers and field sports, surrounded by numerous lakes, alb well stocked with the reputed trout usually supplied on board the com- pany’s Saguenay steamers. Some miles below Murray Bay, The Pilgrims are seen. They consist of a remarkable group of rocks, which from their height are visible at a great distance, the “mirage” seeming constantly to dwell about them, due to re- fraction of the sun’s rays, owing to the rocks being sparsely covered with vegetation. Steaming across the river,135 Riviere Du Loup is reached, situated on the south shore. Connection is made with the Intercolonial Railway. Tourists to or from the Atlantic States or Provinces, via Halifax or St. John, take leave of us here. Those desirous of visiting the far-famed water- ing-place of “Cacouna,”—can, after an exceedingly pleasant drive of about six miles, bordering the sea shore, find themselves in a fashionable resort containing a splendid hotel, the St. Lawrence Hall, situated on the heights crowning the renowned Cacouna Bay; this popular hotel has recovered its former reputation, under the careful man- agement of the present proprietor, Mr. T. I). Shipman. There are also numerous private seaside cottages. The bathing is very good. The lover of Nature will enjoy the beautiful effect of a June or July sunset as seen from here. There are two very fine water- falls at Riviere du Loup. Leaving the wharf, the boat points her course again to the op- posite shore, and in less than two hours we find ourselves at “Tadousac,”—which is at the mouth of the far-famed Sague- nay. This is a very pleasant spot. There is a fine hotel here, and. in connection with it all kinds of sports for the amusement of visi- tors. Within three or four miles in the interior there are numer- ous small lakes abounding with trout, and between Tadousac and. St. Etienne, on the Saguenay River, there is very good sea-trout;136 fishing—-free to all. Visitors can be supplied with boats and guides. The company’s issue of tickets to the Saguenay affords ample time for tourists to lay oyer. Tickets are good for the season. There are numerous lakes also around Baie St. Paul, Ha! Ha! Bay, and Murray Bay where fine trout fishing can be had. The accom- modation at those places is very good. The bathing at this place is very superior. A large number of villas have been erected, in- cluding one built by His Excellency Earl Dufferin, now owned by Sir R. Cameron of Hew York. Tadousac is interesting from its having been from an early period the capital of the Erench settlements, and of their chief trading posts. The great white hotel throws its shadow over the little two-hundred-year-old chapel of the Jesuits, which stands at the foot of its lawn still preserved in all the simplicity of its time. .Here are the ruins of a Jesuit establishment,’ and on this spot once stood the first stone and mortar building ever erected in America, the home of Father Marquette, the explorer of the River Mississippi. A cluster of pine trees over 200 years old has grown from the centre • of these historical ruins. Getting aboard again, we now really enter • the justly renowned Saguenay. At every turn of the boat some new attraction is discovered; our eyes are strained that we may catch a glimpse of all the magnificent grandeur that now bursts upon us. The Saguenay River is unquestionably one of the most remarkable rivers of the continent. Its waters are very clear, and .abound in a great variety of fine fish. The scene is wild and romantic in the highest degree. The first half of its course aver- ages half a mile in width, and runs through an almost untrodden wilderness. This wonderful river seems one huge mountain, rent : asunder at remote ages by some great convulsion of Nature. The shores are composed principally of granite, and evury bend presents to view an inyposing bluff. The capes show a long perspective of isteps, high mountain walls, divided by gullies. Capes Eternity And Trinity are worthy of note. The .first rises to a height of 1,900 feet, and the other 1,800 feet. If137 “the only recompense for the visit to the Saguenay was a sight 'of these stupendous promontories, with Cape Eternity showing its triple crown facing the hay, its triple steps leading up from the river, the cross and the statue of the Holy Virgin, recently erected on the mountain, and the immense precipice rising out of the water,—we are sure no visitor would regret it. The steamers shut off steam when asproaching these capes, and the captain shapes his course to give his passengers the best view. The echo produced by blowing the steam-whistle is very fine. The water is said to he over 1,000 feet deep at the base of the rocks. Cape Eternity is by far the most imposing. Nothing can surpass the magnificent salmon fishing of the Marguerite and other streams. As the boat glides up the River Saguenay, Ha! Ha! Bay is reached, which is sixty miles from its mouth. It is a magnificent bay. The name arises from the circumstance of early navigators, who, not finding landing and anchorage until reaching this bay, at last broke out laughing, Ha! HaLwlien touch- ing bottom with their anchors. Good fishing and first-class hotel accommodations can be had here. The one kept by Mr. Peter Mc- Lean gives full satisfaction to its numerous guests. Eine views of CAPE ETERNITY138 the magnificent bay can he had from the hotel, and the surround- ing scenery is truly grand. The fiying journey ends at TRINITY ROCK. Chicoutimi, the most important port of the Saguenay, at the head of navigation, and situated about seventy miles from the St. Lawrence. The town numbers about 3,000 souls, is built along the right shore of the river; numerous saw mills are at one end, and at the other the commanding cathedral, seminary, convent, and the Bishop’s palace. From this place the return journey commences, and passes over again all the glorious scenes which we had before enjoyed. This beautiful trip is easy of accomplishment. Comfortable steamers are running regularly to Ha! Ha! Bay and Chicoutimi during the,pleasure travel, and one steamer during the whole sea- son of navigation. The pleasure-seeker will experience all the comfort and accommodation necessary for the full enjoyment of such a trip. After leaving Chicoutimi and steaming up the river, we arrive at Quebec.—The traveler on his return, if time permits, ought to take a rest at Quebec, visiting churches, picture-galleries, the139 University, the Citadel, the timber coves, the Plains of Abraham,, the Terrace, Spencer Wood, and Cap Rouge, also the extensive* harbor improvements, and the graving dock at Levis. These are* all favorite resorts, and the drives to them can hardly be surpassed in beauty, while they are replete with interest to the student and tourist. Telegraph Communication.—There are daily mails and tel- egraph communication at Baie St. Paul, Les Eboulements, Mur- ray Bay, Tadousac, Riviere du Loup, Chicoutimi, and Ha! Hal Bay. Hotels.—St. Louis and Russell’s Houses, both kept by Messrs. Russell, are the principal ones. The Albion, Henchey’s, Moun- tain Hill, and Blanchard Houses are likewise good and popular houses. At Chicoutimi, the terminus of our line, the Martin; House is well patronized.140Near the Village of Watkins—Head of Seneca Lake, Schuyler County, N. Y. AND ITS HOJWAMTIC SURROUjiDlflGS, PAUL C. GRENING.142 On thy fair bosom, silver lake, " The wild swan spreads his snowy sail, And round his breast the ripples break As down he bears before the gale. On thv fair bosom, waveless stream, The dipping paddle echoes far, And flashes in the moonlight gleam, And bright reflects the polar star. The waves along the pebbly shore, As blows the north wind, heave their foam, And curl around the dashing oar, As late the boatman hies him home. How sweet, at set of sun, to view Thy golden mirror spreading wide, And see the mist of mantling blue Float round the distant mountain’s side. At midnight hour as shines the moon, A sheet of silver spreads below, And swift sjie cuts, at highest noon, Light clouds, like wreaths of purest snow. On thy fair bosom, silver lake, Oh! I could ever sweep the oar, When early birds at morning wake, And evening tells us toil is o’er. —Percival.143 ‘ CClatkins’ Glen Ik FEW years ago but little was known of this A picturesque and interesting Summer resort beyond the confines of the county in which it is located. To-day it is renowned the world over for its wonderful scenery; and, differing in all its characteristics from any other remarkable locality of natural interest, it has as distinct an individual- ity as the Falls of Niagara or Mammoth Cave. It consists properly of a number of glens or sec- tions rising one above another, forming a se- ries of rocky arcades, galleries and grottoes, subterranean at times, and again widening out into vast amphitheatres, presenting a beautiful combination picture of glen, moun- tain, lake and valley, now famous for con- taining the “Great Natural wonder,” which is lo- cated near the head of Seneca Lake, in the out- skirts of the village of Watkins, in Schuyler Co., N. Y. It comprises a superficial area of nearly five i hundred acres; its general course is east and west; its tortuous length extends over three miles, and its total ascent to the smmit of the mountain above is eight hun- dred feet.144 It forms the channel for a limpid stream which, bubbling out from mountain springs, threads its sinuous way through gorge and dell; now tumbling madly from lofty heights into the depths of a foam-crested whirlpool; now breaking in shimmering cascades above some pellucid pool shaded by moss grown rocks, then, winding like a silver thread through the rank leafage of some narrow vale, it flashes in the sunlight and winds quietly across the level valley, m though tired from its angry and tortuous passage through the Glen, SENECA LAKE. it was now resting, idly reflecting the sunbeams before taking its final submergence in,the cool depths of “Seneca Lake,” half a mile beyond. Watkins is on the N. 0. R. R., which connects at Can- andaigua with the N. Y. Central; at Elmira, with the Y., L. Erie & Western (old Erie), Lehigh Valley, and D. s L. & W. R.R.; and at Harrisburg with the Penna. R. R.; while the S., G. & C. R. R. crosses the Glen near its most westerly terminus. It is twenty miles from Elmira and forty from Geneva.145 The latter is reached by a line of steamers, running from Geneva to Watkins, over Seneca Lake, touching at all points. This is a delightful way of reaching the Glen from the north, as the scenery of this beautiful lake is equal to anything on the continent.. THE OLD MILL IN ENTRANCE OF GLEN IN 1860. The steamboats of this line are large, elegantly fitted up, commands ed by polite and efficient officers, and every attention is paid to the146 deonyenience and comfort of the passengers. It will be seen, there- fore, that Watkins Glen is accessible from all directions. ? The following'detailed description of a . tour of the Glen is herewith presented in such a manner that the visitor may find it a material guide in pointing- out many things which might escape notice. Passing up Franklin Street from the railroad station or steam- ENTRANCE STAIRCASE. •<;' ; _ /- boat landing, a few minutes’ walk brings us to the entrance, and, turning from the street, we enter the defile between the guardingU7 -hills, and the first object that attracts our attention as we commence 'our pilgrimage is a vast, rocky ENTRANCE AMPHITHEATRE, the walls of which rise on either side nearly two hundred feet above our heads. Ahead of us the walls almost meet, and farther passage 1 seems barred, with the exception of a narrow rift in the rocks, as if they had, by some mighty power,, been torn asunder. Here stood an old building that served for bpth saw and grist mill, before the romantic genius of an “Ells” had developed the many attrac- tions hidden beyond. : : Before proceeding, however, we pass beneath and around the base of the overhanging rocks, where we obtain a view of one of the wildest scenes of the Glen—called the ENTRANCE CASCADE, which is a narrow thread of water, shooting out from an angle in the rocks eighty feet above, and dashinghntoa dark, cavernous, pool of unknown depth below. At our feet slumbers the * Trout Pool, broad, deep, clear and irregular in form, • so named from the im- mense number of the finny tribe which come lip from the lake dur- ing high water in the spring and early winter. We now ascend a strong and secure staircase and find ourselves in what is" called glee: alpha. As we continue, we observe the channel makes a sharp turn to the left, which accounts for the apparent obstruction, At the head of the staircase is a little bridge spanning the chasm, known as SENTRY bridge, where we pause a few moments to rest, and take a look through the amphitheatre we have just left, and down through the jagged edges of rock to the deep blue basin, broken into circling ripples by the falling column of water, out across the smiling valley to the green hills beyond. Here, for the first time, the delightful sensation produced by the invigorating and inspiring atmosphere, as it draws down through148 the Glen, steals over us. Its shadowy recesses are natural reser- voirs of eternal coolness, and even in the severity of dog-days fur- nish a most grateful retreat from the heat of the outer world. The ait is cool, fresh and bracing, laden with sweet odors, the fragrance of many flowers. Looking upward from the point where we now stnad, what a sight bursts upon us! Tow- ering and irregular cliffs of dark rock, angular and sul- len, rise one above another till they appear to meet in the clouds, and seem to for- bid approach! At numerous places in the Glen we pause, and wonder! how it is possible to go much' farther, as the way appear; impassable, and the distance! so inacces- sible ; but as we ad- vance the path al- ways opens and gives far more interest to the ascent t h a n though We COuld MINNEHAHA. clearly mark our way before us. Crossing Sentry Bridge, we ascend a short flight of stepson the south side, and before us lies a pathway cut in the solid rock, lead-149 ing along under the over- hanging cliffs, a few feet above the stream. We are now fairly in STILLWATER GORGE, where the various hues and tints of the rock, the ec- centric combination of curves, and angles, seem as if nature had endeavored to see what wildly grotes- que and yet beautiful im- ages she could produce. We now catch a glimpse of the secoiid cascade, •called MINNEHAHA, which is beautiful, irregu- lar, and yet full of grace. Thewater, broken several times in its fall, is dashed into foam and spray which forms a brilliant contrast to the dark, rocky sur- roundings. About one hundred feet beyond Minnehaha is the EA1RY CASCADE, which, with one graceful bound, leaps ] into NEPTUNE’S POOL. Following the path we come to a rustic seat, from which a charming view is obtained ml both directions. Looking up from this point, the 2 view is called cavern cascade. CAVERN GORGE, rand for wildness and grandeur is unsurpassed by any in the Glen. And here it would be well to advise visitors not to press on too eagerly, but to proceed deliberately, and frequently look back, as in many cases the views we have passed are the finest.150 .Looking forward at the narrow gorge we are about entering, we see a staircase above us, and beyond that still another, almost per- pendicular in its position, , and of gi:gat height... This portion of the Glen is called THE LABYRINTH, aiid the channel of the stream here is very narrow. A little farther under the shelving cliffs of rock, and we are at the foot of the Long Staircase referred to, which deads to the top of the north cliff. Here we are in a strangely wild and interesting place. If we pass by a little way, before ascending the Staircase, we find ourselves in a cavern, almost circular in form, dark and damp, called the Gaotto, directly be- hind the sheet of water. No one should fail to visit this weird chamber. Here the CAVERN cascade. • leaps from the rocks above, down sixty feet, in a single column, not- altogether unlike the Entrance Cascade, but much grander. The; rocky walls of the Grotto reverberate the echoes of the falling water until the sound is fairly deafening, and the light of the u outer v world” gleaming through the transparent stream in front of you,;151 gives it the appearance of molten silver. Returning to the stair- case, the downward view from the foot of which is called Whirl- wind Gorge, we ascend nearly one hundred feet, and are glad to1 avail ourselves of the rustic seat at the top. The view had from the head of the staircase, is called THE VISTA, and the effect is very fine. After emerging from the dark chasm, we see 'before us silvery cascades, quiet ' pools,/ and moss-garnished walls overarched by stately forest trees and thick shrubbery; with a^ broad light flooding the distance; and far above through the emerald’ foliage, like a web of gossamer, is seen the beautiful Iron Bridge1 spanning the Glen. We are forcibly impressed with the beauty of the foliage, which appears all the brighter as we emerge from the dark recesses of the Glen. It is a singular fact, that nowhere upon the Ameri- can Continent can such a range of vegetation be found within such -narrow limits. On the northern slopes in sheltered nooks protected from the winds, and in a great measure from frost and snow,, exposed to the warm rays of the sun, the vegetation is almost trop- ical, especially among the lower orders; plants are here? found that are indigenous to Tennessee and the Carolinas. The5 fern family is largely represented, and some of the most beautiful speci- mens are found. Many of the varieties attain a degree of luxur- iance that astonishes the student familiar with them. Exposed to the keen north winds, high up on the northern cliffs, plants are found that belong far to the north. Stunted firs, mosses and lichens, that are rarely seen south of the Hudson’s Bay country,, are here represented. After a refreshing rest, we again start upon our journey ; and bearing gently to the left, by a “new” pathway,, strong and elegant stairway broken by platforms, recently erected,, 'along the verge of the gorge, where the wildness of the scenery is; truly impressive, we find ourselves standing gazing into what was. formerly known as 4‘gleet obscutra,” but which, by the great improvements above referred to, is as ac-SWISS CHALET.153 •cessible as any portion of the Glen. By a short flight of steps from this platform we come upon the veranda of the building known as the “SWISS COTTAGE,” (only needing the stones upon the roof to make it an exact copy of the “Chalets” found among the mountains, lakes, and glens of Switzerland) erected upon the site originally occupied by the “Ever- green” before mentioned, and now forming a portion of the Glen Mountain House. It is perched on a sort of natural shelf, 100 feet above the level of the stream, and 200 feet above the level of Glen Alpha, overlooking The Yista, and nestling among the trees and shrubbery. When we reflect upon the labor attendant upon get- ting the timbers and lumber used in the construction of buildings, staircases and bridges to their present position—it being impossible to use horses for the purpose—and that thousands of feet of path- ways, and many of the stairs, are cut in the solid rock, and that hundreds of obstructions and threatening masses of stone had to be removed, we see that patience and indefatigable perseverance have surmounted all difficulties. From the veranda of the Swiss Cottage is had a fine view of the main building known as the Glen Mountain House, the only hotel connected with the Glen. It is very romantically located, well furnished and provided with all the modern comforts and conven- iences found in any first-class hotel. All visitors to the Glen are welcome to inspect its spacious apartments, rest upon its delight- fully cool piazzas, or indulge in any of the amusements provided on the grounds or the “Amusement Hall.” From the promenades on the verandas of the Swiss Cottage and the bridge across the Glen, we have several fine views of the gorge, the winding stream and the cascades above and below. A few rods above the Mountain House Capt. Jas. Hope, late of 82, Fifth Avenue, New York, has erected an AET CtALLEEY. which contains a superb collection of more than one hundred of his154 finest and most celebrated paintings. Here can be seen some of the leading beauties in Watkins Glen and its surroundings; also views in New England, Virginia, California, Europe, etc., etc., chief among which are his^celebrated pictures of RAINBOW RALLS in Watkins Glen, and his great his- k torical painting of the ARMY OF; THE POTOMAC. Visitors can spend many a pleasant hour here, and no one should fail to see this splendid collec- tion. Our way now lies through the woods by a shaded path, and is called SYLVAN GORGE, which was until re- cently inaccessible, and is one of the wildest, most beau? tiful and interesting portions of the Glen* There are two paths*: and to enjoy it fully one should go by one and return by the other. Continuing, we take the Sylvan Path? turning abruptly to the left above the Art gallery, and follow the path winding down through the stately forest. We pause on Forest Cliff to enjoy the magnificent view down the Vista. From beneath the green sylvan arches we look down into the depths, with pictur- esque tree-clad cliffs on either hand. To the left, perched on a155 jutting crag, more than a hundred feet above the bed of the stream* we catch a glimpse of Hope’s Art Gallery, and rustic arbor, mid their emerald surroundings; while beyond the tasteful structures the iron bridge spans the chasm, and the view finally dies away in the shadows of Whirlwind Gorge. Turning, we pursue our course, pausing oft to admire tha mossy slopes that crown the chasm, and to gaze, down upon Diamond Fall and all the wild surroundings of forest, rook and stream. Our walk through the woods gradually descends until we are nearly on a level with the stream: and here, in the rocks in all di- rections, are found the remains of the same kind of pools that are; now seen in the bed of the stream. A word on the- formation of these peculiar pools may not prove uninteresting to those who are not familiar with them. In the spring, when the stream is very high and the ice breaking up, large quantities of rock, boulders- and gravel are carried down by the tremendous power of the water* and sometimes these boulders lodge in a natural seam in the rock, or in a curve in the bed of the stream, and are there whirled and rolled around, until, aided by tlie gravel that collects, they grad- ually grind out these basins or pools in the softer rock beneath. This process, going on for years, has worn some of them to an im- mense size and depth. In some instances the boulders have been forced from their resting places at the bottom of the pool, and car- ried away; but in many instances, especially in the upper glens, they are still to be seen in the basins they have carved. The re- mains of these basins are, in many places, to be seen now, whero the channel has deepened or changed and left them. Proceeding on our journey we see a succession of little rapids, and cascades leaping into Sylvan Gorge, of which this is the upper termination, called the SYLVAST RAPIDS, and they glide and dance very beautifully through their irregular rocky channel. At the head of the Sylvan Rapids a rustic bridge spans the stream, from which as we cross to the south side, we have156 a delightful bird’s-eye view down through Sylvan Gorge, with its many windings and mysterious recesses. Below the bridge is the ENTRANCE TO CATHEDRAL. “Bath Tub,” which will be readily recognized by its perfect resem- blance to that necessary article.157 Looking upward we find ourselves in GLEH CATHEDRAL, and here obtain the best general view of this masterpiece of Nature’s handiwork. All attempt at description fails, and words are inade- quate to paint a picture that would do this subject justice, or con- vey to the mind an idea of its granduer. The cathedral is an im- mense oblong amphitheatre, nearly an eighth of a mile in length. Here the Glen is wider than at any other point; the rocky walls tower to a great height—over three hundred feet—-and are richly tapestried with mosses and clinging vines, and crowned with lofty pines and other evergreen- trees. The floor is composed of a smooth and even surface of rock; the vaulted arch of the sky forms the dome. In the upper end the CENTRAL CASCADE. forms the Choir, and, as it dashes from rock to rock, sings con- tinual hymns of praise to the Infinite Power that created this mighty temple. Alluding to the peculiar feelings inspired by this stupendous work of Nature, a friend who once visited it, said: “I have often reflected upon the insignificance of man, but never so fully realized what a mere atom I was in this incomprehensible uni- verse, as when standing in this vast Cathedral and looking up its towering walls. ” Recrossing the stream we continue along the north bank, in the shade of immensely tall forest trees; pausing midway for another look at the amber waters that spread oyer the level floor, and at Pulpit Rock that rears its stately head above its fellows. Situated near the upper end of the Cathedral is a large and beautiful pool, called the BAPTISMAL FONT. This is one of the most remarkable of these natural basins, singular for its regularity and the surpassing beauty of its form, and we are astonished, more than ever before, by the wonderful clearness and purity of the water, which, as the sun strikes into it, sparkles until it is fairly radient. The smallest•;158 objects on the bottom are clearly discernible in pools where the water is ten or fifteen feet deep, while;its refracting and distorting powers are very great. We now ascend, the -• ( GRrAHD STAIRCASE, ........ * about one hundred and seventy feet in height. Passing along on THE CATHEDRAL. the cliff a few rods, we conie to a short flight of stairs leading down to the159 VEfiAffDl, ' descending which we obtain one of the finest views of the Central Cascade at our feet. This fall of about sixty. feet>is very beautiful, angular and irregular, yet symmetrical; while far above, projecting through- the trees, is seen Pulpit Rock. Reascending we find our- selves in the ' 1 GLEE" OF THE POOLS, so named from the number of rock basins it; contains. . Pursuing the path on the north bank a short distance to a point directly over the Central Cascade, and looking back down through Clen ! Cathe- dral, we have the ■ \ poet’s DREAM, ‘ a truly magnificent scene. We come now to another rustic ^bridge,1 below which is the Mermaid’s Pool, and looking up we have what has been appropriately termed, the MATCHLESS SCENE, : . which view seems to combine within itself all the manifold beauties of the Glen. Broken" and angular in its formation, rock and water, cascades and deep pools, winding channels and seething rapids, foliage ;and sky, all combine in a chaotic intermingling, yet form a harmonious and picturesque whole. As we proceed we are never tired of admiring the extreme beauty of the -water ;va^d the sun- light shimmering down through the f oliage strikes into the pools, waking their .crystal depths into life; while new phases of magical beauty surprise us at every step, like the ever-varying changes in a kaleidoscope. Reaving this point we follow the path on the south bank, through this section of the Glen, employing our, time in examining the curious structure of the pools, one of which especially will -be noticed, called the Horse Shoe. ' We now come to a little staircase on the south bank, by which we ascend to a more elevated path; but before we do, we pass by it nd a little further up the Glen, to obtain a fine view of the160 tions, one above another, each different in form from the others, and forming a beautiful combination. Directly opposite the Triple Cascacie on the south side, a little brook leaps over the brow of a161 great cliff nearly four hundred feet high down into the Glen, trick- ling over the irregular surface of the rock until it reaches a point; thirty feet above the footpath, where it falls over a projecting shelf,, the edge of which is curved outward in a crescent form. The water does not decend in a smooth sheet, but in a myriad of tiny threads, and drops, forming a sparkling crystal veil, behind which our course leads. This novel cascade is known as Rainbow Falls. Be- yond and above the Triple cascade, spanning a narrow pass in the gorge, we see the Platform Staircase, while far above our heads on the north bank, Castle Cliff is seen through the trees. This section of the Glen of the Pools is called the Giant’s Gorge. We return to** the little staircase before mentioned, and ascend to the elevated pathway, taking in new views of the Triple Cascade at every step, and come to the RAINBOW FALL, behind which we pass. The space between the fall and the cliff is narrow, but sufficiently wide to allow free passage. While stand- ing behind the fall and looking out through the misty curtain, the novelty of the position and the peculiar brilliancy that, the radiant drops of'falling water impart to everything viewed through them,, fill us with wonder, and is beautiful beyond description. In the afternoon, from June to September, when fair weather prevails, the rays of the sun fall into the gorge, and the enraptured visitor, in, looking through the veil, beholds two more beautiful rainbows, a primary and secondary; a sight that, once enjoyed, can never be forgotten. We take a backward glance at Glen of the Pools and Match- less Scene, pass the Triple Cascade, and under overhanging rocks, come to a staircase leading to an inclined platform, called PLATFORM. STAIRCASE. Here are seats which we find very welcome after our climb,, and where we obtain a fine •retrospective view of the- Glen of the Pools with its ragged gorges, and a more; defined view of the Rain- bow Fall, showing its course before takingits final leap*, while below*162 ms lies Diana’s Bath, a clear, circular pool, nearly twenty feet deep. We are now to pass through SHADDOW GORGE, in which portion of the Glen some of the most severe labor was per- artist’s dream •formed, but its final accomplishment was a high compliment to the engineering skill of those who had it in charge. We leave the plat*163 form, ascend to and follow the path along the south cliff. It winds in and out, following the curves of the gorge, high above the water. T^e now see how appropriately this has been named the Shadow Gorge. The trees on the cliffs above are very high, and in many places almost meet overhead, and as the light strikes down through them their shadows are reproduced in the pools below, forming a combination of beautiful lights and shadows that surpass descrip- tion. Here the stream seems a succession of basins connected by rapids and little falls, while ahead of us is another rustic bridge spanning the stream, and a little beyond it is the « EMERALD POOL, . V. one of the most beautiful of the basins; very regular in form, bot- tom covered with grave], and water of great purity and brilliance. Looking up the Glen, our journey seems about to come to a sudden termination, shut off by a wall as regular as if composed of solid masonry, but as we cross the bridge and follow the pathway, we see on approaching that the Glen makes a sudden turn to the right, around this ' FROWNING CLIFF that appeared to obstruct our further progress. At this place the seams in the rock intersect each other at right angles,; giving to the whole the effect of masonry. The corner formed by this cliff on the south side, conveys the idea of the work of human hands, and is named the PILLAR OF BEAUTY. . Directly at the foot of this cliff is another large and very deep pool, the water in which is from twelve to fifteen feet deep, and as clear as crystal; and as it passes under the sharp angle of the cliff, it-mirrors in its pellucid depths an inverted picture of the frowning rocks and graceful foliage above. The mosses and ferns are here very fine. These cliffs mark the entrance to the section called GLEN ARCADIA, and it well deserves the name, for a more perfect Elysium cannot be imagined. The scene before us has been called164 THE ARTIST’S DREAM, where all the beauties of the ;o t h e r Glens, silver cascades and crystal pools, light and shadow, sharp angles and graceful curves, foli- age, sky and rock, mingle and produce a picture that more resem- bles an ecsta- tic dream than any- thing that can else- where be found. The rocks do not here tower to such im- mense height THE HARROW PASS, nor is the scenery so sublime as in some of the sections of the glens through which we have passed, but what is lost in grandeur is more than atoned for in the wild beauty of the scene. Our path now lies along the north cliff, on the rocky shelf165 some distance above the stream, where the water trickles from: above, and runs down over the rocks in little streams. The gorge! below us is known as * : NARROW PASS, ■ i and is full of interest, as the walls tower high on either ^side, and: approach near together. After rounding another sharp curve, we| are once more obliged to cross the stream by means of a bridge,, and proceed along the south side, through the Narrow.Pass, under! shelving rocks, that extend far out over our heads, Passing around: an angle, we come in sight of j PLUTO FALL, j on which the rays of the sun never shine. It appears like a sub- terranean gallery, for the air is damp and cold, and the dashing and! rumbling of the Fall, as it echoes through the pass, adds to the; gloomy sublimity of the spot. As we draw, near we ascend a short; staircase crossing over the fall where we obtain a fine view of it,; which is of singular beauty, and essentially different in form from any we have yet seen, as it falls into a dark, deep basin, and extends about thirty feet under the rock on the edge of the stream. Wei climb around the falls, and stop to take a farewell look at the Nar- row Pass* or, as it is called when viewed from this point backward, the Spiral Gorge. Our course now lies along the north side to the head of Glen Arcadia, and the way is clear, though “wondrous crooked,” before us. The rapids here are the most beautiful in all the Glen. The channel is tortuous, and as in the Glen of the Pools, consists of a succession of curiously-carved basins connected by narrow rapids and cascades. The largest of these basins is called the ' POOL OF THE NYMPHS. Passing under the shelving rocks, we finally arrive at the head, of the section, formed by the Arcadian Pall. This is a beautiful cascade, falling into a kind of natural grotto ; and at its foot is a beautiftil basin. *■ -Near the head of-this-section a staircase leads to the north cliff, and a few rods of pathway bring us to another rusticPLUTO FALLS,167 bridge, thrown across the chasm directly above or over Arcadian Fall, for the purpose of giving visitors a fine rear view of Grlen Arcadia, which, viewed from this romantic spot, is called" > ELFIN" GORGE, \ and is a scene of rare and enchanting beauty. This bridge is the dividing line between Glen Arcadia and GLEN" FACILITY, the latter so called because of the comparative...ease with which it may be explored, except in times of high water. The- most impor- tant of The great natural beauties of the Glen terminate; here, but many visitors go a short distance beyond, to see the magnificent, new iron bridge of the Syracuse, Geneva & Corning Railway Oo.y which spans the Glen at a height of 165 feet above the water, indis well worth a visit. We have passed through two and a half :miles; are six hundred feet above our starting point, and being satisfied with an endless change and variety: of scenery, enter GLEN" IIORICON, half a mile above Elfin Gorge, and beyond the railroad bridge above mentioned, which consists of a large basin or amphitheatre, j con- taining some twelve or fifteen acres with steep wooded banks,, several hundred feet high, broken into curves and promontories,, the lower level of which is a barren “pathway of the floods, ”i and the whole a picture of commingled grandeur and solitude.- I Just beyond is a winding, rocky gorge, germinating in a vast acre called GLEN". ELYSIUM, ' \ because of its natural beauties of water, lawn and grove, and its susceptibility of being made one of the most attractive and delight- ful pleasure grounds imaginable. It is nearly a half mile long, and pile-fourth of a mile wide, containing within its lofty, slopy banks,, nearly fifty acres, filled with cozy, rural retreats, carpeted with grasses and mosses, overlooked by giant trees, and graced and adorned with a wondrous variety of foliage. After leaving Glen Elysium, we come to Omega Falls—the^ last—and beyond this fall, which is one of the most complicated and beautiful in the series,168 GLEN OMEGA rstretches westward for half a mile or more, till it opens out in the 6‘hill country” like a great fan; and the Glen comes to an end inore than three miles from its beginning at the entrance of Glen Alpha. After a quiet rest, we start on our return, taking it leisurely, .and stopping frequently to admire the numberless beauties that es- caped us on our ascent. And, we may here say, that the Glen is so ♦extensive, and the beauties ‘ so varied that one may make many visits, and yet each time find new features that he had not hitherto ‘observed. .Some times a difference of a few feet in a position may materially :alter the outline of a picture. It is frequently the case169 ■that the visitor more fully realizes and appreciates the extent, sub- limity and gtandeiir of the Glen, after he has twice accomplished its asceht. We stop a few minutes to look with wonder down into the grand old Cathedral, and after decending the staircase, passing through the Cathedral, and retracing the winding path through the woods, we finally find ourselves again -at the Swiss Chalet. It is a most welcome spot, and its refreshments are very acceptable. Here ■can be obtained the best selection of Stereoscopic Views, of Wat- kins and Havana Glens, by eminent artists, which are faithful copies of the most striking points of Interest, and enable the tourist on returning home, to keep in vivicl remembrance the' many pleas- ant associations connected, with his visit. Here visitors can find many little souvenirs to take with them to the eager, expecting ones at home, and they are advised to avail themselves of the opportuni- ty of securing some memento of Watkins Glen. Crossing to the south side under cover of the Iron Suspension Bridge we come to the Glen Mountain House again. AVe notice near the south end of the bridge, a signboard on which we read , “to the summit.” Our wonder is excited, and not wishing to miss any of the beautiful surroundings of this wonderful place, thitherward we bend our steps; and by a winding and continually ascending path passing through a beautiful wood, we arrive at THE SUMMIT, which well deserves the name, as it is the highest point in the vicinity, and commands a fine view of the lake and surrounding country for nearly thirty miles. Another path brings us back by a nearer route to the Glen Mountain House, when if not too wearied, we continue our enjoyable explorations, but not by the path we -came; because another is promising fresh beauties. Instead of returning by the Long Staircase, through the Glen, from the Swiss Cottage we take the path that bears to the left, along the slope of the hill, called Clift Avenue, or one bearing to 170 the ribrth, directly Behind the Swiss Cottage, called “To the Observatory. ” The former leads ns. through beautiful groves, and affqrds us occasional glimpses into the dizzy, depths of Glen Alpha. The roar of the cascades, and the cool vapors arising from them, reach us even at this height. The latter enables us to climb to the summit of TABLE MOUNTAIN-, as it is called, where we sit down to rest beneath the stunted evergreens that grow upon the brow of the mountain, at the little “ Observatory Build- ing,” and gaze with mingled delight and amazement at the scene before us. For miles the valley lies spread out like a map at our feet, forming a perfect picture, and cer- tainly one of the most magnificent and soul-entrancing scenes that we ever beheld, and which leaves a lasting impression on every beholder. Directly be- low us lies the village of Watkins, with its shaded avenues, its beau- tiful churches, public buildings, etc., while at the wharf lie several steamers and a variety of small craft, for Seneca Lake has quite an extensive and increasing commerce.171 AVe regret very much to leave our elevated position and descend to the lower world, but after a refreshing rest from our delightful rambles, and reviewing the truly splendid panoramic scene below us, and gaining new strength from the pure breezes that sweep the lake, we return to our comfortable quarters at the Glen Mountain House, to rest, and write to our friends to come and do likewise. There are a number of delightful drives in the neighborhood of AVatkins Glen, also excursions on the lake, that offer tempting" inducements. One of the drives. leads from AVatkins Glen to Havana, and still further up the valley. It lies along the level plain on the. west side of the valley, under precipitous hills and frowning cliffs on the one side, and the beautiful valley, with its border of hills on the other. The road is hard and smooth, and margined with trees and shrubbery. At one point, near Havana, a little brook falls about one hundred feet over the edge of the cliff,, called Aunt Sarah’s Fall (after an old Indian woman who formerly lived there), making a very fine cascade. There is a little nich in the face of the rock, near the verge of the fall, in which, an ancient legend says, great treasures were hidden. This whole district, ly- ing around the lake, was once the hunting grounds of the Seneca Indians. In accordance with the manifest destiny of the race to which they belonged, they have all passed away, leaving naught behind them save their mouldering bones (many of which, with their rude implements of war, clubs, tomahawks, scalping knives,, beads, ancient French coins, Jesuitical crosses, little brass camp- kettles, arrow heads, etc., are annually exhumed on both sides of the Glen Creek, a short distance east of the entrance to the amphi- theatre), and their strange and poetic legends, preserved and hand- ed down to the present. Almost every spot has some historical in- terest, and with very many of the localities are associated some of those wild imaginative tales of the wars, loves or wrongs of that race which is fast becoming extinct. These legends clothe their scenes with a deep interest. Continuing about one and a half miles beyond the pretty little172 village of Havana, eastward, is Havana Clen, not so extensive as Watkins, but very interesting and well deserving a visit, as it posses- ses many curious and remarkable attractions. Another equally beautiful and interesting drive, across by the head of Seneca Lake and its eastern shore, is to Hector Falls, where a fine body of water is precipitated by foaming torrents, cascades, and rapids, from a height of nearly four hundred feet into the valley, whence it rushes off to rest in the mighty depths of the lake. Omnibusses, and easy-riding carriages, with careful and intelli- gent drivers, can always be obtained at the Glen Mountain House, at rates so,reasonable as to induce all who have the time to avail themselves of the opportunity to see it. And we would respectfully, but urgently, recommend a trip over Seneca Lake, from Watkins to Geneva and return, in one of the S. L. S. Navigation Co.’s palatial steamers. Six trips over the lake daily (three times each way), enable parties to leave morning, noon and evening. The officers are very polite, spare no pains to interest their passengers, make them comfortable, and render their voyage pleasant. The scenery along the shores of this beautiful body of water vies with any found in this country. To the north, the lake stretches away as far as the eye can reach, with the sky and clouds mirrored upon its bright blue surface; the hills sweep back from the lake in graceful undulations, the picturesque little hamlets and villages clinging to their sides, and nestling in the valleys; while back from the water still further, miles of well-tilled farms meet the view; and on the rising slopes many flourishing vineyards ap- pear, from the product of which large quantities of excellent wine, in great variety, are manufactured and sold annually.IflTE^ESTIflG NOTICES FROJW TNE PRESS. N" ROUTE the professor lectured on the botany of the Glen, declaring that, except in an artificial conservatory, he had never seen so great a variety in one locality. Many of the plants found here are exotic in this region outside; and the growth em- braces a climatic range from Labrador to the Carolinas. 4‘But as we crossed a narrow foot bridge, all eyes were lifted upward, while the handfuls of innocent fresh-gathered flowers were cast carelessly into the rushing current of forgetfulness. We stood at the entrance of the Cathedral; and from the consideration of microcosmic infinity, our minds were suddenly turned to a scene of infinite grandeur. “This is, by common consent, the most striking view in the Glen; and it is certainly very impressive and emotional, with its towering cliffs, its broad flag stone flooring, its transparent, glassy pools, reflecting the blue heavens and the overhanging sunlit trees; its flashing water-fall, like a high altar, adorning its upper extrem- ity ; its shelving strata, supported by gigantic caryatides, weird mimicry of the sculptor’s art. “But why waste words?' The artist has already pointed his crayons, selected his point of view, and assumed the task of descrip- tion. “He says the view is grand, open, charming; but not so as- tounding and impressive nor so picturesque as some others. But this is not the age for new dogmas, even in matters of taste; and we magnanimously invite each visitor to see for himself, and enjoy his own opinions. “This picture finished, we move on, crossing more streams and climbing more stairways. From this bridge, just at the head of the Cathedral Fall, we may pause and look back and have one of the most characteristic views of water-carved rocks and boiling waters in the Glen.174 “The main stream descends in a perspective of sparkling cas- cades, uniting a succession of circular pools in deep stone basins or wells, grooved and polished like finely-wrought marble. On either side the cliffs rise to a towering height, showing rock entablatures, with architrave, frieze, and cornice, as clean cut and well propor- tioned as those of a Grecian temple. Over these come pouring adventurous streamlets from the upper world, like a shower of light aqueous meteors darting downward into the gloom. “At every turn there is material for a wonderful picture, and when our time is limited it is difficult to make a selection. Still forward, as we wind around a shelving path that gives a dry pas- sage under the water-fall on the left. Beyond there is still a mile or more to be explored, full of curious and pretty things; but we have climbed so many ladders, steps and stairways, that we must be approaching the level of the upper world; indeed, the diminished height of the cliffs indicates this sufficiently.”—Extract from Porte Crayon's Illustrated Article in Harper's Monthly for June, 1871. “I am not going to attempt a minute description of this really wonderful natural curiosity, suddenly become so famous. Scores of tourists are doing it. Porte Crayon has made it his own. And,* after all, it is insdescribable, ‘unpaintable.’ The word ‘Glen’gives but a faint idea of the gorge. It is a marvelous rift in the moun- tain, which it seems msut have been made by some stupendous earthquake-shock. The Glen, with its dashihgs flashing, cascading .stream, reminds me of several famous gorges and water-falls. It suggests Vaucluse in the pellucid clearness and sparkle of the water. But, instead of the dreary, blasted heights above ‘Petrarch’s Foun- tain,’ we have variegated, mossy, ferny rocks, the most lush and lovely foliage and wild flowers in profusion. It faintly suggests the somber, magnificent Pass of the Finstermunz, in the tyrol, but is infinitely brighter and more varied. It suggests Trenton Falls, but is wilder and deeper. Most of all it suggests Bash bish, in old Berkshire—it is indeed very like it, but is yet more picturesque and perilous. It is not properly a glen, but a prodigious succession, a full assortment and variety of glens. If one does not satisfy you, another must; though you be the most rapacious devourer of the sublime and beautiful, ‘here’s richness’ for you. Through the bol- dest Yankee enterprise, these wild grandeurs and beauties, for ceh- uries barred and buried from the world, have been thrown open to our gaze, and it is no wonder that the tides of travel are setting-175 toward it from all directions, that hundreds daily climb its dizzy stairways, pick their way along its narrow ledges, dodge under its little side cascades, watch for rainbows beside its water-falls, gaze down into its profound, mysterious pools, and speculate on its won- derful formation. We go leagues out of the way, in foreign travel, to see things far less worth seeing, like Tivoli and Velino, Lodore, ■Glencoe, the Killarney cascades, the Yale of Avoca, the Dargle, and the Devil’s Glen of Wicklow. The ‘Pools’ are a great curiosity in themselves. They are smooth, round, regular excavations, gigantic bowls, and are always brimming with crystal clear water. So near to these pools does the narrow path lead in some places, that a sin- gle false step would inevitably cost you a cold plunge. • “The Glen is one of Nature’s reservoirs of eternal coolness. In its shadowy recesses, beside its emerald waters, you forget even the fierce heats of July and August, hundreds of feet above you. “But, I am told, it is seen in its utmost beauty in October, when the wild gorge with its wonderful variety of delicate foliage is brimmed with the most gorgeous colors, depth on depth of splen- dor.”—Extract from Grace Greenwood's Article in the Neiv York Tribune, 1870. “At every bend within its rock-bound walls, new and varied scenery greets the eye, each view unsurpassed of" its kind, yet no two alike. Cascade after cascade, set like gems amid the gray old rocks, are continually telling you welcome, if your imagination can interpret the language of ‘laughing waters.’ “Far above these cascades and rapids, the rock walls tower to the height of from one to three hundred feet, while in many places the branches of the trees above them intermingle across the chasm, through which the autumn sunlight finds its way, filling the rock- bound passages with fantastic shadows.”—Elmira Advertiser. “Watkins has a rare natural attraction in the wooded glen of a stream, which here falls some four hundred feet in less than a mile (and nearly double that number in two) from the higher level on the west, to the valley of the lake. This fall is made by a succes-176 sion of leaps or cascades, into the pools or basins of varying depth and magnitude, separated by stretches of swift bright water, and overhung by the dark evergreens which mainly compose the all- embracing forest, which the sun irradiates but few hours per day. We judge this to be the finest succession of cataracts in [our State. The cool seclusion of the Glen, with the marvels and 1 beauties it- reveals, will be long enshrined in the heart of the visitor.”—N. Y. Tribune. “Its succession of high bluff walls, with its ‘towering cliffs, and beetling crags,5 its clear and crystalline pools, varying, in depth, size and form, its many silvery cascades and narrow channels through the solid rock, its labyrinthine passages, shadowy grottoes and miniature caves, its woody margins, and ever-changing floral charms, have given us one of the most varied, wild, weird, and de- lightful sights of our lives. We advise] all lovers of the beautiful and romantic in natural scenery, to visit Watkins Glen, believing that they will derive the same pleasure from an acquaintance with its wonderful'scenic attractions that we have this day enjoyed.”— Watkins Democrat. “The Glen Mountain House is about three hundred feet in altitude above the entrance to the Glen, and about one-quarter of the way up to the highest point, and the view of the scenery from this house is most magnificent and grand. To appreciate the Glen,. one must see and j)ass through all its windings, climb its crags, and go from rock to rock; otherwise description seems commonplace. < and tame. “This remarkable wonder of nature has now become so widely known, and so highly appreciated, that it confessedly ranks among the first-class attractions of the country. "The number of people visiting it during this season is literally immense. They come from all parts of the nation, though the States most largely repre- sented are New York, Pennsylvania and Maryland. Among the names on the registe/may be found almost daily those of men of well-known prominence in the country.”—Elmira Advertiser.Glen mountain House. THE pure air of this mountainous region has proved so condu- cive to health, and especially for nervousness and sleeplesness is* this delicious tonic accompanied by the lullaby of the waterfalls in. the “Glen” such a healthful soporific, that an enchanting “haven, of rest” called the “Glejst. Mountain House” (erected in 1872 at. an elevation of 300 feet above the village), has been greatly en- larged, and its capacity so increased that 300 guests can be com- fortably accommodated within its walls. (See opposite page). It . is lighted throughout with gas, possesses all the modern conven- iences found in any First-class summer hotel, and is the only hotel connected with, or in the immediate vicinity of, Watkihs Gleh. Great attention has been paid to sanitary regulations; the drainage is excellent; an abundance of pure spring water for all purposes; and everything in and about the house and grounds is. kept scrupulously clean and neat. A pleasant and satisfactory feature connected with the romail- tic location of this Hotel is the novelty of situation of the dihihg- room, which is in a Swiss Chalet (such as is found among the ? mountains, lakes and glens of Switzerland) across the Gle^ from the hotel, whereby all unpleasant odors arising from cooking, noise - and confusion occasioned by servants, and the heat from ranges. and ovens, are wholly avoided, rendering the Gleh Mountain House one of the most delightfully cool and pleasantly situated; summer hotels in the United States. To protect guests from sun and storm, there is a beautiful and; substantial (covered) iron bridge connecting the buildings. Among other important improvements, is a building apart:179 from the hotel known as Amusement Hall, where music, dancing, and all rational amusements can he enjoyed, while those who desire rest and quiet are not disturbed. Free admission to Watkins Glen, and Hope’s Art Gal- lery, is furnished to all who have rooms at the Glen Moun- tain House, only, enabling them to visit the “Glen,” either upper or lower, at pleasure, without the fatigue occasioned by the necessity of doing the whole of it atone time, or going over the same ground twice. This “special privilege” is only enjoyed by those above- mentioned ; visitors registered elsewhere are charged piety cents POR EACH ADMISSION. Proprietors of some oe the village hotels advertise the same, but it is accomplished only at the expense op the guest. Omnibusses and easy-riding carriages are always in waiting to convey passengers to the Glen Mountain House. ' Special rates made for parties; beautifully illustrated circulars, and further information, furnished upon application to the propri- etor.I 180 READ THE Rev. Dr. Theodore L. Cuyler’s Comment .GliElSL The State of New York surpasses all the other seaboard states in wealth of natural scenery. In addition to Niagara it can boast of the most beautiful of rivers—the Hudson; of the most beautiful of lakes—Lake George; of the most beautiful of cascades—Trenton Falls; and of the most beautiful of glens—the far-famed Watkins Glen. I have visited this most fascinating spot twice, and it would re- pay many another visit. Starting from the lower valley on a level with Senaca Lake, it requires from three to. four hours to climb the ascending gorge until you reach Glen Omega. It is really a‘magni- ficent cavern of over three miles long, with the roof off. The “Cathedral,” with its solid walls looming up three hundred feet, would accommodate one of Whitefield’s vast congregations. At “Rainbow Falls” you catch but a glimpse of the blue sky above the wild precipices on either side, while below you leaps and foams the white torrent into the dark depths. The gem of beauty is that part known as the “Artist’s Dream.” It is a spot in which Church or Kensett or Inness might revel; long narrowing vista of rock-walls, o’erarched with twining trees is illuminated with a snow-white cascade and tapestried with ferns and tresses of luxuriant vines. Every step of our climb from the entrance Amphitheatre up to the “Omega” gave us a new sensation, and by the time that we had reached the end of our tramp we had reached the end of our adjectives, and sat down tired, silent and happy. Is not climbing over the slippery rocks and up the long stair- ways dangerous? No, not for sober people who are not troubled with vertigo, and who know how to talk circumspectly. Timid, nervous folk or invalids should have a stout guide to help them up the stairs, and help them around the bastions of wet rocks. There are plenty of resting-places on the route, and a lover of the beautiful cannot get tired in a better cause than in exploring the bewitching climbs, caverns, cascades and cathedrals of Wat- kins Glen. Theodore L. Cuyler. Brooklyn, April 6th, 1889.181 The Kensington Hotel at Saratoga Springs is situated on the remarkable Plateau which is so graphically described in “Saratoga Chips and Carlsbad Wafers,” and emphatically recommended by the hygienic and medical authorities. Many invalids have been com- pletely restored to health by a few months spent upon this famous Plateau. A healthier spot, or one more free from malaria, or the violen- ces of nature, is not to be found on this continent. For natural drainage, freedom from rock and all other obstructions under the surface, and from every kind of nuisance on the surface, it is un- surpassed. On this clean, elevated, healthy and beautiful Plateau stands the Kensington Hotel. A more desirable or satisfactory situation could not be selected for a hotel designed to furnish an oppor- tunity for the weary to rest, the invalid to recruit, and the lover of pleasure to find the enjoyment that he craves. It is particularly adapted to families who desire quiet nights and out-door life for their children. The Kensington is on Union Avenue, which leads to the Lake, the Race course and the Battlefield, and is known as the Grand Drive, which is not excelled anywhere in the entertainment and diversion it affords. The Mineral Springs are near by, and are reached by a short and pleasant walk by those who go to Saratoga to be benefitted by the waters as well as by the climate. The Kensington overlooks the Village and the* famous Con- gress Park, and is surrounded by charming views of landscape gar- dening and magnificent private residences. It is out in the sunshine, accessible to all the breezes that blow, and can be easily, quickly and thoroughly ventilated. It has the full benefit of the eastern and southern sun, and is sheltered from the western glare and heat. It is open from June 1st to October. Many of the rooms have open grates and fireplaces, and can be made perfectly comfortable during the cool and delightful days of the far-famed Saratoga autumn. Plans of the Kensington and diagrams of the rooms will be sent on application. * Rooms may be engaged at 420 Gates Avenue, Brooklyn, K. Y., and after June 1st at the hotel, Saratoga Springs. Paul C. Greot^tg, Owner and Proprietor. Also, Owner and Proprietor of Watkins Glen and Glen Moun- tain House.182 LAKE VIEW HOUSE, Ausable Chasm, N. Y. Is delightfully situated, immediately adjoining the Chasm en- trance, on a high plateau five hundred feet above Lake Champlain, commanding extended and grand views of the lake and Green Mountains on one side, and of the Adirondack Mruntains on the other. Appointments First-Glass IN ALL RESPECTS. Gas, hot and cold water, baths, &c., on each floor; sewage arrangements of the best eharacter; telegraph, telephone, billiard room, bowling alleys, tennis court, livery stable, &c. Including the not very usual feature at such places of an abundance of vegetables, fresh from the hotel farm, and fruits in season. THE HIR Will be found remarkably bracing, dry, and healthy; while good roads, picturesque and varied scenery, with numerous walks and drives, combine to render the place a most attractive and desirable summer resort for permanent visitors, to whose wants and comfort every attention will be paid. LESSEE.383 60. 60WESS gp^ip SARATOGA SPRINGS. N. Y. FOR ONE HUNDRED YEARS CONGRESS SPRING WATER HAS STOOD AT THE HEAD OF ALL IT ATTTRAL CATHARTIC AND ALTERATIVE REMEDIES BEGINNING ITS SECOND CENTURY with the accummulated favor the test of time gives, and all its old time excellence unimpaired, the CONGRESS SPRING COMPANY confidently commends this Famous Water anew to the Public. As a CATHARTIC—Unequaled for eas}^ and effective action in relieving Constipation, Dyspepsia, Sluggish Liver, impaired vigor of the Kidneys, and all other derangements of the Digestive and Depurative Functions. Dose, two glasses taken before breakfast. Four glasses may be taken with safety and without discomfort. As an A LTERA TIVE— Superior to any other known agent in cleansing the system of all impurities, scrofulous taints and everything affecting the purity'of the-Blood. Dose, half a glass taken at intervals during the day or night. As a STOMA CHIC—Efficient in relieving and preventing Dyspep- sia and Indigestion. Dose, half a glass after each meal. None Genuine except In Bottles, Congress Spring Company, and bearing tbe name of Saratoga Springs, N. Y.184 Jemett’s family JWedieines. -m^-BEST remedy^- For Kidney and Liver Diseases. THEY HAVE NO EQUAL ! iSpavin and Ringbone Cure. Hoof Ointment for Horses and Cattle. Ointment for Scratches. Farmers and owners of horses troubled with Spavin, Ringbone, Scratches, or Cracked Hoofs, will do well to give these Remedies a trial. Sun Cholera Compound. Asthma Remedy. Liver and Kidney Remedy. Tonic Bitters. Great Family Cathartic. Blood Purifier. Sure and Safe Remedy for Tape Worm. Healing Ointment. Great Remedy for Cure of Pain. Healing Balsam. JEWETT S ELECTRIC PAIN REMOVER. JOHN JEWETT, Jewett’s Jewett’s Jewett’s Jewett’s Jewett’s Ccr. Main and Allen Sts., WINOOSKI, VT.185 Side Hotel, F. G. CROSBY, MANAGER. ACCOMMODATIONS FOR TWO HUNDRED. $3 Per Day; $10 to $22.50 pbb wieieik:.186 ROYAL SPRING WATER. ANALYSIS OF THE Saratoga Table Water, ($oyal Spring) — BY — professor chandler, OF Columbia college. "New York, Jan. 3, 1888. My Dear Sir: Enclosed please find the result of nay analysis of the . Saratoga Table Water. The analysis was made of the sample taken directly from the Spring by my partner, C. E. Pellew, on Nov. 7. The results are very satisfactory, and 1 congratulate you on the posses- sion of A Very Valuable Spring." 'Very truly yours, C. F. Chandler. To Mr. Abel Putnam, Jr., Saratoga Springs, N. Y. certificate of analysis. Sir : The sample of water collected by C- E. Pellew, Nov. 7, 1887, marked Saratoga Table Water, submitted to us for examination, contains in one U. S gallon of 231 cubic inches Chloride of Sodium...............................265.5384 grains, Chloride of Potassium............................. 8.8244 “ Bromide of Sodium................................. 0.3379 “ Iodide of Sodium.................................. 0.0124 “ Fluoride of Calcium............................... Trace Bicarbonate of Lithia...................... 2.2317 “ Bicarbonate of Soda............................... 6.6133 “ Bicarbonate of Ammonia............................ 13551 *« Bicarbonate of Magnesia.......................... 81.8698 “ Bicarbonate of Lime......................... 146.2355 ‘ ‘ Bicarbonate of Iron.............................. 1.2275 “ Sulphate of Potassa............................... 3.138L “ Phosphate of Soda.................................. Trace Biborate of Soda.................................. Trace Alumina........................................... 0.0548 “ Silica............................................ 0.8223 Organic Matter.................................... Trace^ Total Solids..................................518.2602 “ Natural Temperature 46 degrees. Free Carbonic Acid Gas, 500,8569 cubic inches. 35 West 49th St., New York City, May 30th, 1880. Royal Spring Co.—Gentlemen.—During my visit to Saratoga last Sea- son I used the ROYAL SPRING water for indigestion several weeks and found it highly valuable, exceeding any other spring I have ever used. I likewise recommended the water to several patients and found it ex- cellent in rheumatism, dyspepsia, liver trouble and disease of women. Re- sults were entirely satisfactory. Shall continue to recommend it. Sincerely yours, Laura M. Bright, M. D. Saratoga Springs, March 15th, 1889. Mr. Abel Putnam, Jr., Prest.—Dear Sir:—Desiring to add my testi- mony in favor of ROYAL SPRING WATER, would say, with the blessing of God, I was cured of Chronic Diarrhoea by its use, after using many other remedies without benefit. My sister lias also used it with good re- sults. In my case, took the water in small doses after each meal. Yours truly, Miss Louisa Allen. Saratoga Springs, N. Y.. September 30,1889. We have used and charged the mineral waters of Saratoga for a num- ber of years, and the past two years used and charged the ROYAL.* tn charging the ROYAL SPRING WATER we charge from thirty to forty pounds pressure gas. In charging the other waters we charged from one hundred and forty to one hundred and eighty pounds pressure using the same size fountains and the same amount of Spring Water, [showing the presence of fixed gas, which holds the solids in solution, consequently mixes perfectly with wines and liquors.] Curtis & Frasier.OEETsT ALL SEAVSOlSrS OF THE ‘'S'E.A.IR. 187 EUREKA SPRINGS HOTEL AND SANITARIUM, SAEGERTOWN, PA, On an altitude of about twelve hundred feet above the level of the sea. Ifeated by Steamf lighted bg electricity, and neatly furnished throughout. All the rooms are connected with the office by electric annunciatorsf and are conveniently located and easy of access.Cs-l|.OHTRSAI«^ —C AH ADA . '- -JioA&terffoi The above is the only First- Class Hotel situated in the centre of the city of Montreal on the American and European plans a necessity so long desired by the traveling public. The Hotel now ex- tends from St. Vincent St., to Jacques Cartier Square,forming the largest and most complete Block of Build ings in the city. It contains ac* commodatio n s for over 400 GUESTS, with every possible modem comvenience and luxury that careful thought can suggest, and has, situated on the roof of the main building, a pavillion, from which guests can obtain the finest Panoramic View of the City, Mountain, River St. La wrence and surroundings, thus making this Hotel by far the most preferable resort for Tourists in the city of Mon- treal. The Terms of this Hotel will be found as reasonable as any first-class house on the continent, and are as follows .-—American Plan, from $2.50 to $3.50 per day; European Plan—Rooms from $1 per day upwards Tourists will find on every boat one of our Agents, who will be honored to receive any orders and make any special agreement to secure them all the comfort required. One visit is respectfully solici- ted to convince the public of the comfort and completeness of our arrangements. Tourists are Specially Warned against misrepresentations of interested parties, ISIDORE R. DUROCHER & COProprietors. Pare Vermont fffaple Sugar. Pure Vermont Sugar and Syrup, from the green hills of Vermont, is being so eagerly sought for in every State in the Union that so-called re- fineries are being introduced all through the South and West where large quantities of granulated sugar, glucose, etc. are being mixed with small -quantities of Vermont Maple and place the mixture on the market as ‘Pure Vermont Maple Sugar and Syrup.’“ The JVIiles & McMahon Co. of Burlington, Vt. Are conceded to be the largest dealers in Pure Maple Sugar and Syrup in the United States, buying directly from the farmers the sugar and syrup as it comes from the evaporator. They buy and forward to their customers in every State in the Union upwards of 500 tons annually, and their custom- ers can depend on getting just what they bargain for—Pure unadulterated Maple. They are intimately acquainted with the producers and have con- tracts for the largest and best sugar orchards in Vermont, and are always prepared to fill orders for any grade and in any size packages desired. WHITE THEM FOR TRICES,SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. Y. AVERILL & GREGORY, - - Owners and Proprietors. Also Proprietors of the elegant Osborne House, Auburn, H. Y. unrjrrjeo? l^esiderjce 0 f fl)e H)osf Sirole. 0^ ^lrr)ei?ic0:r) Rasl)i0r) etrjel §>0ciefy. Accommodations for 700 Guests. High Ground. Washington Spring and Park in the Grounds, Special Contracts jVIade to Families Remaining One Week or ]Hore. $2.50,to $^.00 Per Day, According to Location of Rooms.Fort Wm. Henry Hotel, LAKE GEORGE. Spt)< ISetPcre-sf P.0KI errjel jBe-sf ]j<2C^(Z O'' ©71pT30ir)f