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CORNELL
UNIVERSITY
LIBRARY

 

BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME
OF THE SAGE ENDOWMENT
FUND GIVEN IN 1891 BY

HENRY WILLIAMS SAGE

 

 
Cornell er Library

E513.5 23d .£54

4 030 906 436

 

 
DATE DUE

GAYLORD PRINTEDINYU.S.A.

 
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ASST. SURG. J. A. EMMERTON.
A

RECORD

OF THE

TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT
MASS. VOL. INFANTRY

IN THE

WAR OF THE REBELLION
1861-1865

WITH

ALPHABETICAL ROSTER; COMPANY ROLLS; PORTRAITS;
MAPS; ETC.,

BY

JAMES A. EMMERTON, A.B., M.D.,

CORPORAL OF CO. F. AND ASSIS’T SURG. OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT.
SURGEON OF THE SECOND MASSACHUSETTS ARTILLERY.

BOSTON:
WILLIAM WARE & CO.
1886.
PRINTED FOR THE HISTORY COMMITTEE OF THE
TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT ASSOCIATION

AT THE
SALEM PRESS,
SALEM, MASS.
TO

THE MEMORY OF

DR. GEORGE DERBY,

THIS VOLUME IS

DEDICATED

BY HIS COMRADES IN THE WAR,
IN TESTIMONY OF

THEIR

GRATITUDE TO THE SURGEON

AND

ESTEEM FOR THE MAN.
CORRESPONDENCE.

; Boston, JANUARY, 1882.
Dr. James A. EmmMeRToN.
Dear Sir:

At the last reunion of the 23rd
Mass. Regimental Association a committee was appointed,
“with full powers,” to take charge of the matter of a his-
tory of the Regiment. This committee have organized
and in part perfected a plan of operations. They desire
to find some one who has the time and inclination, to col-
late and prepare for publication the facts, reminiscences,
etc., which may come to them.

After full consideration the committee have deputed
the undersigned to make known to you their unanimous
request that you should undertake this part of the work:
they to furnish such material as can be gathered, leaving
you free to make use of it as you think best, and to add
what may, in your judgment, be necessary.

As the committee are without funds and must look to
the Association in the future for remuneration for any
expenses incurred, they hesitate to ask you to take this
labor upon yourself, knowing that it must necessarily

(v)
vi RECORD OF THE TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

be one of “Jove” rather than with any prospect of re-
ward. Trusting, however, that after due deliberation we
may receive a favorable answer, we remain,

Very truly yours,

Joun Gray, Chairman.

Gro. W. Nason, Secretary.

13 Summer Street, Satem, Mass.,

Jan’y 21, 1882.
JoHN Gray, Chairman,

Dear Sire:

Your letter announcing the unanimous
vote of your committee, requesting me to collate and
prepare for publication such material as you will provide
towards a history of the 23rd Mass. Vol. Infty., came
promptly to hand and has received the due deliberation you
desire. I will cheerfully undertake the task, onerous as
at best it must be, provided the veterans of the 23rd _ will
cordially assist in providing material and will by pledged
subscriptions insure the means of printing when the copy
is prepared.

Very truly yours,

James A. EMMERTON.
‘MOLBIDOSS YW JUCTIIZEY PEs Jo ce}IUIMION AIOIST_L

1G,"up Kasems “soy, As fer uyor 13s ‘2109 0 "MA sHs 'UOSEN * MA “085 1D» ‘HSH TH 3

 

 
COMRADES OF THE 23RD REGIMENT ASSOCIATION:

Your committee, appointed, at the annual reunion
September 28, 1881, “ with full powers” to prepare a His-
tory of the Twenty-third Reg’t Mass. Vol. Infy. in the
War of the Rebellion, take pleasure in reporting, this
year, with the finished volume.

They consider themselves fortunate in securing the ser-
vices of Dr. James A. Emmerton in preparing for the
press the material they hadcollected. The committee
have had opportunity to observe the large amount of
time and labor the historian has given to the work and
desire to impress upon the association a sense of his
patient research, and careful, impartial investigation of all
matters in which he found conflicting statements among
his authorities.

While, by the original understanding between the his-
torian and the committee, he alone was to be the judge of
the facts and the manner 6f their compilation, the com-
mittee have no hesitation in accepting an equal respon-
sibility for all statements of facts in its pages.

Should any comrade fail to find matters treated as he
expected, or at all, let him ask himself “Have I done
anything to help the committee?” At least, let him re-
member that less than one-fourth of those to whom they
were sent paid any attention to the committee’s circulars.

The committee desire to express their obligation to com-
rades Tristram Griffin of ‘C’ for his very valuable help on
the maps, to W. L. Welch of ‘A,’ whose indefatigable in-

(vii)
vill RECORD OF THE TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

dustry in correspondence has amplified and lent exactness
to the text, and to the officers of the Fourth Police Station
in Boston, for their courtesy in enabling us to copy the
portrait of Col. Kurtz.

For themselves, the committee will be perfectly satis-
fied for all the time and labor they have given to the work
assigned them, should the book (as they trust and believe
it will) meet the approbation of the Association and prove
itself to be that for which they have in common with the
historian labored: a thoroughly reliable and readable
“Record of the Twenty-third Regiment Massachusetts
Volunteer Infantry.”

JoHN Gray, Chairman,
Tuos. SwaseEy, Jr.,

Wm. D. Cory,

Epwarp H. Haske,
Gro. W. Nason, Secretary.
PREFACE.

Twenty-four years ago, ten hundreds of New England
youths collected in nearly as many towns of eastern
Massachusetts, gathered at Lynnfield. As the Twenty-
third Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry they marched
away on the eleventh of November, 1861, to their share
of the War for the Preservation of the Union.

Hardly had the new year opened when these new-
made soldiers found themselves amid the dangers and pri-
vations of Hatteras and in early February they took a
prominent part in the battle of Roanoke Island — one of
the completest, as it was nearly the first of Union victories.
The capture of New Berne soon followed, and, after
that, the regiment, although by no means inactive, saw
little of pitched battle for two years. In the Virginia
campaign of 1864 it was in the forefront of the almost
uninterrupted fighting which followed the landing at Ber-
muda Hundred and culminated in the stubborn and
bloody repulse of Beauregard at Drury’s Bluff; it gained
the foremost ground reached and held by the 18th Corps
at Cold Harbor and bore its full share of the dangers and
privations of the early days of the siege of Petersburg.
After its return to North Carolina and the discharge of
the non-reénlisted, the little remnant of veterans and re-
cruits was chiefly employed in picket and outpost duty
till the campaign of 1865 when it shared the fortunes
of the column which opened communication with Gen.
Sherman.

It has been my purpose to depict the daily experience

Gx)
x RECORD OF THE TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

of the regiment in camp and march and to avoid the pro-
lix explanations, including the general strategy of divi-
sions, corps and armies, with which some regimental
historians have filled their pages. Most of those whom
such matter would interest will know it already; others
can easily acquire it.

Aware that my arrangement of the Roster is novel, I
have been pleased to receive the hearty commendation of
all whom I have consulted about it and feel sure that any
one who will read and weigh my reasons, as printed in
the prefatory notes to the Roster, will accept the change as
an improvement.

For others, who may recollect an old comrade as a
member of their own or another company but cannot re-
call his name without help, I have printed the rolls, giv-
ing the original formation alphabetically and the recruits
as I found them on the rolls at the State House.

In addition to a pretty general reference to my authori-
ties in the text and foot-notes and the acknowledgment
by the Committee, in their report, of the invaluable as-
sistance of comrade Tristram Griffin of ‘C’ on the maps
and text, and of help from comrade Welch of ‘ A,’ the inde-
futigable correspondent, who brought out valuable facts
from Gov. T. J. Jarvis, Col. J. D. Whitford, R. R.
Quidley pilot at Hatteras, and others of North Carolina;
I desire personally to thank comrades Brooks of ‘A,’
Valentine of ‘F’ and Parsons of ‘I’ for the loan
of their diaries; Col. Raymond, Maj. Dollard, Captains
Whipple, Kent, Hammond, Center, Sawyer and Alex-
ander; Dr. Roberts; Lieutenants Edgett, Sherman
and Bates and comrades Andrews of ‘A,’ Dustin of
‘C,’ Emilio of ‘F,’ Hutchinson of ‘H,’ Low of ‘I,’
Hills of ‘I,’ Wing and Patch of ‘D,’ and others for
extracts from their diaries, for general sketches and de-
PREFACE. xi

scriptions of special events or for help on the Roster.
Capts. Whipple and Emilio and Dr. Roberts have shown
their interest in the cause by sending me copies, at great
length, of their diaries and correspondence. Outside the
regiment, my thanks are due to Gen. Otis of the 10th
Conn., to Gen. Stewart of the 9th New Jersey, to S.
W. Higgins, Second officer of the Highlander, to com-
rades E. T. Witherby of the 25th Mass. Vol. Inf., and
especially to W. P. Derby, historian of the 27th Mass.
Vol. Infy., for the use of his map-plates, etc.

CoMRADES OF THE TWENTY-THIRD :— Now that my task
is drawing to a close I will not pretend that I am not
glad it is so nearly over. No one knows better than I
its incompleteness and inaccuracy. I trust you may find
something of interest in its pages and that if you have
well authenticated corrections of the text or additions to
the Roster, you will send them to

Yours, very sincerely,
James A. EMMERTON.
13 Summer STREET, Satem, Mass.

SEPTEMBER, 1885.
CONTENTS.

DEDICATION - - - - - - - - = - iii
CorRRESPONDENCE - - - - - - 7 < -  wvi
Report oF COMMITTEE” - - - - - - - - vii
PREFACE - - = = - - - a wie = 2 ix
ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS - - - - - - - xv
ILLUSTRATIONS - - - : - - - - - - xviii

CHAPTER I.—1-18.

The call for more troops, 1. Formation of Companies, ‘A,’ 2. ‘B,’
‘C’and‘D,’3. ‘E’ and‘F.’ Union Drill Club, 4. Patriotic Ode, 7.
‘G,’ 8. ‘H’ and ‘I,’ 9. Havelock Guards, 9. ‘K,’ 10. Band, 11.
Lynnfield, 12. March to Salem, 14. On the Road, 15. Astor House,
16.

CHAPTER II.—19-42.

Annapolis, 19. California furnaces. Thanksgiving. Muster in, 20.
Contrabands, 21. Pay, 22. Drumming out, 23. Camp Life, 24-6.
Embark, 27. Highlander, 28. Hussar, 29. Underway, 31. On the
Ocean, 32. Rescue, 33. Hatteras, 33. Water famine, 36. Storms,
88. Gun crew, 41.

CHAPTER III.—43-60.

Roanoke, 43. Naval attack, 44. Landing, 45. Battle, 47. Casual-
ties, 48. The Pocoson, 49. The Charge, 50. Pork Point, 53. Camp
Foster, 54. Rebel Flag, 55. The Prisoners, 57. The Gideon, 58.

CHAPTER IV.—61-75.

Leave Roanoke, 61. Slocum’s Creek. Through the mud, 62. Biv-
ouac, 63. Battle New Berne, 64-5. Guncrew. Capt. Dayton, 67.
Casualties, 68. Lt..Col. Merritt, 70. Capt. Sawyer, 74. Rebel Flag,
75.

(xii)
CONTENTS. Xili

CHAPTER V.—76-89.

Reconnoisances, 76. Picket, 77. ‘C’ at Batchelder’s Creek, 78.
Wounded senthome. Jackson, 79. Suicide. The New Berne Progress,
80. Typhoid, 88. Batchelder’s Creek, 84. Red House, 88.

CHAPTER VI.—90-109.

New Berne’s History, 90. Topography, Map, 92. Company Quar-
ters, 93. Hospital, 94. Contrabands, 95. Their schools, 96. Guard
duty, 97. Regimental Surgeons, 98. Battle Ground, 99. Railroad
bridge. Swift Creek, 100. Gen. Burnside, 101. Provost Marshal.
Muddy Lane, 104. Lt. Greenleaf, Glee Club, 105. Camp Pendleton,
106. Col. Kurtz, 107. Capt. Russell, 108.

CHAPTER VII.—110-133.

Tarboro, 110. Roanoke, 112. Plymouth, 113. Burnt by rebels,
116. Goldsboro Expedition, 118. Kinston, 120. Whitehall, 124.
Casualties, 127. Goldsboro, 129.

CHAPTER VIII.—184-151. -

South Carolina, 184. James Morton. Beaufort, 135. Port Royal.
St. Helena. Gen. Hunter, 137. North Edisto. Corps d’ Afrique, 189.
Return toN. Carolina, 140. Washington, 141. Carolina City. Q. M.
Goldthwait. Dr. Roberts, 142. Fort Spinola, Bogue Island, 148.
Wilcox bridge, 144. Fort Heckman. Cedar Point, 146. Dr. Cum-
mings, 147. Street’s Ferry. Winton, 148. Chaplain Clarke, 149.
Broad Creek. Swan Quarter. Elizabeth City, 150.

CHAPTER IX.—152-170.

Newport’s News, 152. Shelter tents. Hospital, 153. Gen. Foster,
154. Reénlistments. Fires, Christmas. Target-practice, 156. Sleigh-
ing, 157. Furloughs, 158. Portsmouth, 159. Camp Phoenix, 160.
Getty’s Line, 161. Bernard’s Mills. Tattoo drills, 162. Snow storm.
Wren’s Mills, 163. Dr. Derby, 166.

CHAPTER X.—171-199.

Yorktown, 171. Bermuda Hundred, 178. Heckman’s Farm, 174.
Point of Rocks, 175. Arrowfield Church, 177. Casualties, 179. Dru-
ry’s Bluff, 181. The Colors, 189. Casualties, 194. Lt. Col. Cham-
bers, 197. Lt. Wheeler, 199.
xiv RECORD OF THE TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

CHAPTER XI.—200-221.

Unbottled, 200. City Point, 201. Pamunkey, 202. New Castle
Ferry. Cold Harbor. Its Etymology, 204. Gen. Stannard’s Report,
206. The Trenches, The flag of truce, 211. Surg. Whittier. Asst.
Surg. Emmerton, 217. Casualties, 218. Maj. Brewster, 220.

CHAPTER XII.—222-232.

The trenches before Petersburg, 222. Col. Raymond wounded, 223.
Burnside’s Mine, 224, ‘Our mine,” 225. The freshet, 228. Pickled
tripe and watermelons, 228. Casualties, 228. To New Berne, 230.
Stmr. Fawn, 230.

CHAPTER XIII.—233-251.

New Berne again. Duty south of Trent River. Consolidation, 233.
End of three years. Yellow fever, 235. Hosp. Steward Prime, 236.
Signalling, 237. Recruiting Service, 240. Kinston, 242. The ‘‘West-
erners,” 243. Battle, 244. Casualties, 246. Lenoir General Hospi-
tal. Chaplain Record, 247. New Berne again. Camp Distribution.

Provost duty. Muster out, 249. Twenty-third Regiment Association,
250.

THE ROSTER, - - - - - - - - 253.
REGIMENTAL STATISTICS, - - - - - - - 256.
THE ROLLs, - - - - Fi - - - - 335.

Inpux, - - = = = = = = = = = 847%,
ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS.

Alexander, for W. T. read W. B. . % .

Allen, for Jos. C. read Stephen B. % .
Atwood, Wm. T. Burial number, 1533. .
Brown, for Ezra F. read Ezra LZ. . .

Burbank, D. W. of ‘E.’ Sergt. Wd. Wrhall. .
Burgess, of ‘D’. Disch. exp. of serv. . .
Chandler, Thomas. At Togus, ’85. . .

Clark, M. Bd. N. Bne. Clark, N. W. Bd. N.

Cohota, b.in China. 8 yearsin U.S.A. a
Clinton, Edw. Died 28 Jan. ’79, E. Boston.

Clynes, dead. . _ 7 : :
Cook, for Wm. L. read wm. 8. 3 _ 3
Collins, C. H. dead. 2 ; $ . 3
Cowgill, for G. A. read C. A. ‘ # é
Cummings, E. P. Asst. Surg. . . .
Day, Charles. Strike out C. é , ‘
Druhan, N. of ‘A’ was Corp. 7 . .

Edwards, Geo. Died Togus 1 Aug. ’78. .
Evans, E., real name E. E. Fowler. es 4
Fenton, read Finton. . . . 5 .
Flint, S. Died Dec. ’85. ie s : i
Fletcher, for Daniel read David. . : a

Foster was the name of the consolidated hospitals.

Fuller, for B. F. read B. M . ~ . :
Ghe. At Togus, ’85. 7 . 2 - -
Glass, J.B. . . . . : ; ‘
Goldsmith,E.f% . . . . ‘i -
Goss. C. B. ‘H.’ - : i. ‘
Griffin, B. H. d. at Andersonville. ‘ x

.

PAGE.

4
128
259
219
128
266
269
271
272
271
271
273
272
348

274, 335

218
127
280
281

69
283
127

95
195
285
286
286
287
288
XVi RECORD OF THE TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL,

Grimes, Wm. H. Co. ‘@.’ : ‘ .
Higginbottom, J. At Togus ’85. . . .
Howard, N. T. Co. . . . .
Hart, for E. D. read Edw. C. . ,
Jones, Frederick ZL. : . . . .
Jenness, L. TV. 3 . . .
Jones, J. W. Wd. Not killed. ‘ 7 3
Laroque, A. M. ‘C’.. Bd. N. Bne. No. 1517.
Lacy, Patrick. Dead. . . : .
Lahey, John. d. Togus, 7 Sep. 4.

Lord, John G. Co. I. 24, Nbpt. Enrd. Dec. 6, Corp. 8 Nov. 62,

transferred to V. R. C. 18 Feb., ’64.
Lufkin, H. d. Aug. ’85.. :
Manning, A. E. Strike ati, & seo p. 199. *
Nelson, Alex. Des. from Togus, 80 Aug., ’70.
oO’ Connex, D. Dropped from Togus, 6 Apr., ‘81.

INF.

PAGE.

194,

Nason, G. W., was elected Chief by the whole fire- apni

Pay, Some sent home by ‘F’ belonged to ‘A’.
Peirce, for Charles D. read Ch. P. . .
Pitcher, Jona. At Togus ’85. ‘

Porter, T. F. ‘I’ Bd. Hampton, Va. No. 4020.
Potter, W. A. ‘D’ Bd. N. Bne. No. 1488.
Pratt, E. A. ‘i’ Bd. Hampton, Va. No. 8735
Pratt, H. ‘E.’ Bd. Andersonville. No. 5742. .
Prince, G. ‘B’ Bd. Arlington, Va. No. 1367.
Procter, G. A. Corp. ‘C’ instead of Parker,
Pulsifer, D. F. ‘A’ Bd. N. Bne. No. 13382.
Quinn, J. ‘K’ Bd. Arlington, Va. No. 11,087.

Reeves, John. Omit I. p. 128. Bd. N. Bue. No, 1518.

Richardson, E. L. ‘E’ Bd. N. Bne. No. 1527.
Ricker, F. M. Omit. . ‘ a . :
Parker, Chas. F. read Packer. 5 ‘ 3
Roberts, I. N. Bd. N. Bne. No. 1826. . .
Robinson, 8. C. Died Togus, 22 July, ’77. .
Rowley, J. M. Des. from Togus 4 Dec., ’78.

Saunders, Il. T. Bd. N. Bne. No. 1523. .
Saunders, T. S. Bd. N. Bne. No. 1418. 5
Saxton, S. Bd. N. Bne. No. 1530. ‘ .
Sears, C. H. Bd. N. Bne. No. 1440. . 7

Shattuck, W. W. Bd. City Point, Va. No. 2778,

Shaw, John. Bd. N. Bne. No. 1698. . 3
Sillers, D. Bd. N. Bne. No, 1828. a :

288
ong
294
236
296
295
296
299
208
298

800
800
802
806
808
806

22
128
312
812
818
318
318
813

40
813
34
815
815
218
809
816
816
317
818
818
asl
818
319
810
820
ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS.

Soule, Wm. At Togus Dec. ’58,

Southwell, T. T. At Togus Dec., ’85

Stirling, W. 8. ‘A’ Wd. Whitehall.
Sunrise, read sunset.

Swash, Real depth, Jan. 62, put Gh feet.
Talbot, Strike out ‘dishon’ read exp. of serv.

Tibbetts, A. J. read Tebbetts, A. R.
18 Oct., read 18 Nov., 61. .

xvii

PAGE.

321
322
127
43
35
825
57
17
ILLUSTRATIONS.

PAGE.
Abel, Wm. Henry, Capt. and A. A. G., : : 7 - 145
Academy Hospital, New Berne é 4 dl : - 94
Alexander, William B., Capt.‘ E’ . . * a . 658
Alley, Frank M., ‘C’ . . i . 7 + 150
Arrowfield Church, Map. . . Zs ‘ . - 178
Babson, Fitz J., Capt.‘A’ . ‘ 2 e ‘ » 145
Barrett, George V., lst Lt. ‘H’ 3 . 7 - . 33
Bates, Charles H., 1st Lt. ‘F’ é ; ss 3 : 4
Bermuda Hundred, etc., Map. 5 . ‘ 3 . 170
Brewster, E. A. P., Major . . ‘ : - - 220
Brooks, C. W., 1st Serg. ‘ A’ . é , - . 286
Brown, Henry C. Band-leader % < é ‘ » 249
Burchstead, David W., Corp. ‘F’ . : ° 3 - 190
Burnham, Simeon A. ‘E’ . 2 ‘ ‘ : - 389
Burnside, A. E., Maj. Gen. Phot., 62, . i 3 - 101
Camp Foster, Roanoke ‘ ‘ : : . - 47
Carlton, David, 1st Serg. ‘F’ 5 F . . - 108
Center, Addison, Capt. ‘C’ 3 3 ‘ ¢ 58, 145
Chambers, John G., Lt. Col. é < 5 . 145, 197
Chapple, Wm. F., ‘F’ . . ‘ é ‘ - 236
Clarke, Jonas B., Chaplain. : 3 : F 145, 149
Cole, Edwin L., ‘Ei’ i é : ‘ é » 190
Cole, William D.,‘E’ Hist. Com. . ‘ 5 - - vil
Creasey, William J., lst Lt. ‘1’ : é 89
Cummings, E. P., Asst. Surg . ‘ . 147
Cummings, Wm. C., Serg. ‘A’ . - é A - 236
Derby, George, Surgeon . : . s - - 167
Doble, Francis M., lst. Lt. . . 5 - 3 - 145
Dollard, Robert, 2nd Lt. ‘E’ é é ¥ z » 4125
Drury’s Bluff, Map. . F . , : 18+
Elwell, Andrew, Col. ‘ ‘ j ‘ A . B8
Emilio, Luis F., Serg.‘F’ . us Fi ‘ . . 108
Emmerton, Charles S., Ist. Lt. and A. D.C. $ » 145
Emmerton, George R., 2nd Lt. ‘ F’ ; 3 7 7 4
Emmerton, James A., Asst. Surg. Front.
Evans, Henry B., ‘A’ . j s 3 : 7 2
Fisher, George A., Ist. Lt. ‘A’ _ - is ‘ ‘ 2
Foster, John G., Maj.Gen. Phot. New Berne, 62, ° . . 154

(xviii)
ILLUSTRATIONS.

Foster Hospital, New Berne
Fowler, Philip M., Serg. ‘F’
Fowler, Wm. T., Serg. ‘A’
Goldthwait, Jos. A., R. Q. M.,
Goodwin, John, Jr., 2nd Lt. «B’
Gray, John, ‘F’ Chairman Hist. Com.
Hart, Carlos A., Capt. ‘K’
Hart, Samuel C., Capt. «D’
Haskell, Edward H.,‘C’ Hist. Com;
Hatteras Inlet, Map of 2 .
Hayward, Charles H., Ist Lt. ‘F’
Heckman, C. A., Brig. Gen.
Howard, Nathaniel T., Serg. ‘H’
Howland, Cornelius, Jr., Capt. ‘D’
Hutchinson, Alden, Serg. ‘H’

Jail, New Berne 3

Jones, Frederic L., Corp. ‘ H :
Kent, William L. Ckats ‘H’
Kilburn, Charles, Ist Serg. ‘H’ .
Kurtz, John, Col.

Lee, Francis H., Serg. ‘F’
Littlefield, John, Ist Lt.*K’
McDougall, John A., Ist Lt. 9th N. J.
Marsh, Fred A., lst Serg. ‘H’

Martin, Knott V., Capt. ‘B’ <
Masonic Hospital, New Berne f
Maxim, Charles M., lst Serg.‘ EH’.
Merritt, Henry, Lt. Col. .
Mott, D. D., 1st Lt. 98th N. Y. S
Muzzey, David P., 2nd Lt. ‘I’ .

Nason, George W., ‘H,’ Secretary Hist. Com:

New Berne, Battlefield, etc., Map

New Berne, Map of Streets <
North Carolina, Map . .
Page, James W., ‘ E’ 7 .
Peirce, Henry B., R. Q. M., ‘
Poor, Leverett, Serg.‘A’ . ‘
Post Office, New Berne . ‘

Prime, W. H. H., ‘F’ % f
Presbyterian Church, New Berne .
Prescott, William H., Serg. ‘H’ “i
“« Progress” Office, New Berne .
Quarter Mastér’s Office, New Berne

xix
PAGE.
- 80
» 236
» 286
. 142
» 108
. vii
» 145
» 83
. Vii
« 25
. 33
. 145
- 150
. 83
» 1295
« 80
. 150
. 150
. 125
. 107
. 89
« 2
- 145
» 35
. 149
. 94

190

70

145

» 20
vil, 125
. 64
- 92
~ g32
. 125
149

. 2
- 94
» 108
« 94
+» 150
. 80
. 4
XX RECORD OF THE TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

PAGE.
Quarters‘ C,’ New Berne - . ° “i . . - 80
Quarters, Gen. Burnside, New Berne ‘ . * » 94
Quarters, Gen. Foster, New Berne . . - - 80
Quarters, Signal Corps, New Berne . . . - 80
Raulston, J. B., Capt. 81st N. Y. ‘ ‘ * » 145
Raymond, John W., Lt. Col. . . ‘i A « 2384
Record, Lewis L., Chaplain . 7 . . - 247
Regimental Hospital ‘ . . : . - 94
Richardson, Edward, ‘ K’ 7 . 7 ; ‘ - 389
Roanoke Fight, Map of . . 7 , . - 47
Roanoke Island, Map of . . . 7 : » 43
Roberts, Jacob, Asst. Surg. i : . . 127, 145
Rose, Stephen C., ‘ F’ . . : . - 190
Russell, Thomas, Capt. ‘1’ = F ‘ : - 108
Sawyer, Wesley C., Capt. ‘ H’ . “ : . - 58
Sherman, James L., 1st Lt. and Adj. 7 : 3 . 145
Stirling, William S., Serg. ‘ A’ is . . . . 2
Stone, Silas E., Asst. Surg. # ‘ . e » 88
Story, Edward A., Capt. . é . 5 - 58
Swasey, Thomas, Jr., Comm’y. Serg., Hist. Com. . - vii
Telegraph Office, New Berne . . . . - 94
Valentine, H. E., ‘F’ - f . . : - 190
Waters, Henry F., Corp. ‘ F’ 6 7 . é - 236
Welch, William L., ‘ A’ 3 7 . é - 2, 236
Wheeler, Richard P., lst Lt. and A. D. C. . . - 145
Whipple, George M., Capt. ‘F’ 3 - 2 . . 4
Whittier, Samuel C., Surg. . . . . « 217
Woodbury, Henry P., Capt. ‘F’ 7 a ‘ % « 145

Woodhull, A. W., Surg. 9th N. J. . . . » 145
CHAPTER I.

THE CALL YOR MORE TROOPS. FORMATION OF THE COMPANIES. LIFE
AT LYNNFIELD. ON THE ROAD.

Ovr flag had been fired upon at Sumter; and our
militia, thanks to the foresight of Governor Andrew, had
written in the streets of Baltimore, on the captured ferry-
boat at Havre de Grace, on the deck of the rescued * Old
Tronsides” and on the road to Annapolis Junction, their
imperishable record of the readiness and versatile ability
of the sons of Massachusetts in the defence of their
country.

Many men had volunteered, and earlier regiments of
Massachusetts troops had begun that career whose his-
tory is written in the blood-stained characters of many
battle-fields.

The north had learned, and many, even in the army,
needed the lesson taught by the first Bull Run, that mere
numbers and enthusiasm would not of themselves secure
victory.

Government and people, which first is, for our pur-
pose, of little consequence, had settled down to a convic-
tion of the need of serious and prolonged effort.

Here and there, in eastern Massachusetts, as through
all the land, frequently, not always, with a nucleus of
three months’ soldiers, men were gathering into companies
and volunteering to serve for three years.

In compliance with a call for more troops from the cen-

q@)
tral government, the state authorities had sanctioned the
formation of five new regiments. It is our purpose to
sketch the formation and follow the intimate history of
that one of them known as the Twenty-third Massachu-
setts Volunteer Infantry.

COMPANY ‘A.’

Some three weeks after the return and muster-out of the
Eighth M. V. M., 2nd Lieut. E. A. P. Brewster and
Sergt. C. S. Emmerton, late of Co. ‘J’ of that regiment,
opened a recruiting office at No. 182 Essex St., Salem,
calling for a Zouave company for the Nineteenth. Their
old comrades rallied speedily to the new standard. In
three days they numbered forty-eight. At the end of the
first week, 80 Aug., 1861, Senator Wilson accepted them
as @ company, assigned them to the Twenty-second M.
V. I. as Co. ‘A,’ right flank company, and had given them
a uniform.

On the thirty-first of August they met together for the
first time at Town Hall, and marched thence to the bar-
racks on Winter Island.

4 Sept. Under escort, as far as the cars, of the Union
Drill Club, they went, with full ranks, to Lynnfield. Here,
on the recently evacuated camp-ground of the Nineteenth,
they established themselves as the right flank company of
the intended Twenty-second.

As the regiment filled up, and other companies as-
signed to it, arrived, Captain Brewster found that his
claim to the right flank was not to go unchallenged. He
assumed apparently, that, not having been mustered in, he
could do as he pleased, and, in resistance to what he con-
sidered injustice, he permitted, if he did not encourage,
a spirit of insubordination which resulted in his command
 

Serg. Leverett Poor.

 

Ist. Lt. George A. Fisher.

    

Henry B. Evans. Serg. William S. Stirling.

Company ‘A.’
COMPANIES ‘A’, ‘B’, ‘o’, ‘D’. 3
being considered mutinous, and, as such, surrounded by
the other companies and disarmed.

In effect, he was squeezed out of the camp and organi-
zation, and established his command in a neighboring
field as Company ‘A’ and nucleus of the Twenty-third.

COMPANY ‘B’.

At Marblehead, Captain Knott V. Martin, who had
commanded Co. ‘C,’ Eighth M. V. M. in the three months’
service, opened enlistment papers .on or before the sixth
of September. As early as the twenty-fourth of that
month he took to Lynnfield a partly formed company called
the “Gerry Mechanics Phalanx.” 25 Oct., men who
had been enlisted by John F. Devereux of Salem were
merged in Captain Martin’s company.

COMPANY ‘C’.

Toward the latter part of August, 1861, Captain Ad-
dison Center, who had commanded Co. 'G,’ Eighth M. V.
M. in the three months’ service, opened rolls for a new com-
pany in Center’s Block, Gloucester. He took about sixty
men to Lynnfield, marching from Salem, on or about the
fifteenth of September, and recruited to more than ninety
at Lynnfield. The company filled up at Annapolis.

COMPANY ‘D’.

16 Sept., 1861. Rolls were opened in New Bedford
by Cornelius Howland, jr., for a company known as
the “Clifford Guards,” with such success that on the sec-
ond of October, ninety-eight men were enrolled and in
camp at Lynnfield.
4 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

COMPANY ‘PR’,

William T. Alexander of Plymouth, and then of Bos-
ton, who had been a lieutenant of Co. ‘B,’ Third M. V.
M., was authorized by Governor Andrew to recruit a
company for the Twenty-third. 21 Sept. He took to
camp at Lynnfield sixty men who had been enlisted in
Plymouth, mainly by Hon. William T. Davis. When
we started for the front, Company ‘EK’ numbered ninety-
seven.

COMPANY ‘F’,

So early as 20 April, 1861, some scores of the young
men of Salem, of all professions and conditions of life,
formed the “Union Drill Club.” They had no common
bond but the desire to learn something of military duty
and, perhaps, the lack of any special affiliation with any
of the existing militia companies whose “* Home Guards”
were already military schools for other scores of their
friends.

At first they established a civil organization with presi-
dents, treasurer, etc., and had four drill-masters called
sergeants. For a time, too, they were satisfied with such
uniformity of dress as their private wardrobes permitted.

There was too much war in the air for this to continue,
and within a month they had assumed a complete com-
pany organization and voted a uniform. This was: for the
officers, a blue, straight-vizored kepi trimmed with gold,
a gray, single-breasted frock, collar and cuffs of blue
with gold braid, and dark blue trousers. The men wore
a gray kepi and Zouave jacket, the latter of gray flannel
widely faced with blue, but cap, jacket and dark-blue
trousers all trimmed with red.

The kindness of the late John Bertram furnished a
 

Capt. G. M. Whipple.

  

Ist; Ltd, He Bates: 2nd. Lt. G. R. Emmerton.

Original Officers of Company ‘F.’
COMPANY ‘F’. 5

hundred trade-muskets “sufficiently good for drilling
purposes.”

The club acquired a fair proficiency in the “School of
the Company” and shared in escort duty as occasion re-
quired: for instance, in the reception of Capt. R. B.
Forbes’s Coast Guard, 1 July, and of the returned three
months’ men on the 31st of that month.

30 Sept. Capt. George M. Whipple raised the ques-
tion of enlisting for the war. 4th Lieut. George R.
Emmerton “ believing that the times doubly demand an
increased activity from the young men of the country,”
offered a resolution “that the members of this club will
enlist for the war provided authority be obtained,” etc.,
etc. Rev. George D. Wildes, rector of Grace Church,
president of the early civil organization and honorary mem-
ber since the military organization had been adopted, and
other members of the club, made speeches. Major Henry
Merritt of the Twenty-third M. V. I. kindly said * Come”
and assured us of a place in the Twenty-third.

Rolls were opened and twelve names, headed by that of
your historian, were obtained that evening. The Club
furnished eighteen to Company ‘F,’ five others to the Twen-
ty-third and thirteen to other organizations.

With the authority of Governor Andrew, G. M. Whip-
ple opened a recruiting station at 31 Washington street,
Salem. It was atime of great enthusiasm, and we had our
full share of what benefit accrued from the numerous war-
meetings held throughout the county. Ata meeting at
Mechanic Hall, 3 Oct., 1861, the presence of Captain
Brewster’s Company ‘A’ of the Twenty-third, in their
brilliant Zouave uniform, and the singing of the Amphions
seconded the eloquence of various speakers.

The newspapers spoke a good word. The Salem
6 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Gazette, 8 Oct., 1861, editorially asserted that “no single
event has occurred in our city in reference to the present
war, which is more cheering to every patriot than the
enlistment of this organization of our young men.” In its
phrase “ We are called, indeed, to lay our most precious
jewels upon the altar now,” it furnished an epithet not read-
ily forgotten in the regiment.

Material aid was not lacking. A subscription, under
the auspices of the Young Men’s Union, gave $600.00 to
the company fund, and our comrade, the Rev. J. H.
Thayer, whose professional duties ‘forbade his ardent de-
sire to enlist, added $100.00 to that sum. 13 Oct., 1861,
forty-three, rank and file, attended service at Crombie
Street Church and listened to an excellent sermon from
comrade Thayer.

Did space permit it would be pleasant to record in
more extended form some of the still fresh recollections
ef a corporal of ‘F’ detailed on recruiting service in our
neighboring country towns; of the toothless enthusiast
of Topsfield to whom hard-tack had no terrors,— he could
* goom ’em”— ; of the cheerful assent of a father in Hamil-
ton who was, within the year, to lose an only son; of
the tearful remonstrance of a mother who, giving per-
mission to one, utterly refused to let the third and last
son go; of the speedy agreement, over the stone wall of
an orchard in east Hamilton, with one whose early wound,
though thought sufficient to secure a discharge for dis-
ability, did not prevent his reénlistment and subsequent
effective service.

For one of our war-meetings, Mrs. C. W. Upham,
sister of Dr. O. W. Holmes, and mother of our then
comrade O. W. H. Upham, furnished, at the suggestion
and request of Lieut. G. R. Emmerton, the following
ode:
COMPANY ‘F’, 7

— PATRIOTIC ODE —

DeEpDIcaTED TO THE UNION DRILL CLuB or SALEM.
Tune — ‘' Scots wha hae.”

Rally boys! Come forth to fight,
For the Union, Law and Right;
For the Nation’s honor, bright,
Let us draw the sword!
By the wrongs vile traitors wrought,
By the ruin they have brought,
Tyranny of deed and thought,
Forward, is the word!

See the Northern pride and flower

Gathering in this fateful hour;

Union is our strength and power,—

Let us join the van!

Lay the traitors in the dust;

Die they shall, and die they must:

They have broken every trust,—
Forward every man!

Massachusetts calls to-day,
Beckoning all her sons away;
She no longer brooks delay—
Not a man must lag!
Gird the sword, and join the throng;
Right must triumph over wrong;
In our cause we shall be strong,—
Raise the starry flag!

Meanwhile the company had gone to the barracks on
Winter Island. These, within the space now occupied by
the outworks of Fort Pickering, had been built by the
city, an appropriation, 19 April, 1861, of $400.00 having
been made for that purpose. The “Andrew Light Guard,”
Capt. Wm. Cogswell’s Company ‘C,’ Second M. V. I.,
were the first occupants 1 May, 1861. Various other
companies had found temporary accommodation there in-
cluding ‘A’ of the Twenty-third who had been escorted
thence, on their way to Lynnfield, by the “Union Drill Club.”

 
8 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

The city government expended, 14 Oct.. 1861, $25.00
for repairs. In honor of our early and constant friend,
this sojourn in barracks was called Camp Bertram. Here,
with nothing else to do, our new recruits had ample
time for, and, in many instances, showed great zeal and
readiness in acquiring the manual and other elementary
drill. Still I do not know that any objected to the inter-
ruption, on our last afternoon, occasioned by a large party
of friends, fathers, mothers, brothers and sisters, with here
and there a nearer and a dearer one.

18 Oct., 1861. We marched, eighty-seven strong,
under escort of about forty of the old club, through a
drizzling rain, to Peabody, and, on arrival by rail at Lynn-
field, under escort of Company ‘ A’ and the drum corps,
to camp.

COMPANY ‘Gq’.

First Lieut. John W. Raymond, Sergt. Henry P.
Woodbury and private Daniel W. Hammond of Company
‘E,’ Eighth M. V. M., opened enlistment rolls in the Armo-
ry Hall at Beverly. The men as enlisted went into camp
on Beverly Common in the tents of Company ‘E’ of the
Eighth.

29 Sept., 1861. Eighty-five strong, they attended
divine service twice; in the morning at the Washington
Street Church and after noon at the Baptist Church where
they heard an original bymn written for the occasion by
Mrs. Hanaford. They wore their new blue uniforms.

15 Oct., 1861. The “Rantoul Light Guards” left Beverly
for Lynnfield. Many speeches were made. The captain
was presented with a sword and his lieutenants with
sashes. On the march to Salem, where they took cars,
they were escorted by the Beverly Light Infantry and the
* Drill Club of this place” says the Salem Gazette.
COMPANIES ‘H’, ‘1’, 9

COMPANY ‘H’.

Wesley Caleb Sawyer, then just graduated at Harvard
College, offered his services to Senator Henry Wilson.
He had hoped for a lieutenancy under some experienced
captain who might teach him war. He was with diffi-
culty persuaded to assume the distasteful task of raising
a company by direct personal appeal in and near his na-
tive town, Harvard, Mass. He raised about half a com-
pany which he took to Lynnfield, where Senator Wilson
again persuaded him to accept a commission as Captain
and the responsibility which that office implies.

Meanwhile a number of men, calling themselves “ Have-
lock Guards,” had enlisted in Boston, were drilled by F.
M. Doble, afterwards Lieutenant in the Twenty-third,
and came to Lynnfield expecting to be the nucleus of a
company in the Twenty-second under command of one
Jacob C. Maine. It turned out that Maine could not get
a commission and the men, refusing to serve under one
George Cook, who at one time had a commission (after-
wards revoked) as Captain in the Twenty-third, were for
some days idlers about the camp, as unwilling to refuse
duty entirely as they were to serve under officers whom
they thought forced upon them. Finally, at the direct
personal appeal of Adjutant General Schouler, they agreed
to find places in the various companies of the Twenty-
third. Sixteen of them joined Company ‘H.’ Their
tent sign “Havelock Guards” may be recollected at
Annapolis.

Company ‘I’ was afterwards filled up in camp.

COMPANY ‘TY’.

In September, 1861, John Hobbs of Ipswich was rais-
ing a company for the war. 1 Oct., the company was
10 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

reported as “rapidly filling.” 11 Oct. Colonel Kurtz
“inspected, was much pleased and accepted the company
for the 23rd.” 15 Oct. The company, ninety strong,
under escort of the “Home Guards” with the Rowley band,
marched to Town Hall. There they partook of a clam-
chowder, etc., and enjoyed speeches till near midnight.
While at Ipswich they “fed” at the Agawam Hotel.
16th. They spent an hour or two in Salem on their way
to Lynnfield. The newspapers chronicle that they were
“a noble looking set of men — almost every one carried a

bouquet.”
COMPANY ‘RK’.

Carlos A. Hart, who had served as Second Lieutenant,
Company ‘F,’ Fourth M. V. Militia in the three months’
service, received authority 22 Aug., 1861, from the Hon.
Henry Wilson, to raise acompany for three years’ service
in the Wilson Brigade.

He opened a recruiting office in Cocasset Hall, Fox-
boro, and posted the following call :

TO ARMS! TO ARMS!
RECRUITS
FOR THE BAY STATE GUARDS
TO GO INTO
Hon. Henry Witson’s REGIMENT.

Capt. Hart’s Company, now enlisting in Foxboro, will
go into camp with Wilson’s Regiment next week and all
who intend to enlist should apply without delay at

THE HEADQUARTERS OF THE COMPANY

aT Cocasset Haru, Foxsoro.
COMPANY ‘x’, 11

Col. Wilson pledges himself that every man in his
command shall have his full due in Good Rations, Good
Clothing, Prompt Pay and the best treatment.

Come at once if you wish to obtain a position in the
best regiment that Massachusetts will send into the service.

C. A. Hart, Captain,
late of Co. ‘F,’ 4th Regt.

Foxboro, Sept. 4, 1861.

A public meeting was held in the Town Hall to aid the
enlistment, and much patriotic sentiment was manifested
by the best citizens of the place. John Littlefield, sur-
geon dentist, who had represented Foxboro in the Gen-
eral Court, was elected First Lieutenant. He left a suc-
cessful practice at the call of his country, and, by example
and active effort, was of material assistance in the forma-
tion of the company. $160.00 was raised to help the
cause.

13 Sept., 1861. The company of thirty went to
Lynnfield and was assigned to the Twenty-third as Com-
pany ‘K.’ Three officers and eighty enlisted men formed
the company when it left Lynnfield. One hundred and
eighteen men were in it during its three years’ service.
Twenty-nine men reénlisted.

THE BAND.

Certain men, such as could afford to leave their civilian
occupations for the enlisted men’s pay, and were, in their
own estimation, capable of earning that pay as musicians,
had collected at Lynnfield. When H. C. Brown, engaged
as leader, put them to trial, he found some of them
utterly incapable. Summarily sending these to their
12 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

homes he made successful search for drilled musicians,
and, the regimental officers agreeing to make up the
extra pay demanded, established the band which was so
highly esteemed wherever the Twenty-third was posted
until the government would no longer meet the expense,
and, with other bands, it was discharged 30 Aug., 1862.

LYNNFIELD.

Our camp-ground at Lynnfield, the cradle of several
regiments and batteries, is now the lawn of the country-
seat of D. P. Ives, Esq.

The line-officers’ tents, at right angles to the turnpike,
faced southwesterly, so that those of Company ‘A,’ on
the right of the line, were not far from the location of
Mr. Ives’s house. The large building, near the railroad
station, was used by the regimental quartermaster. The
main guard and entrance to the parade were in that corner
of the grounds.

The officers had the usual house-tent, but the rank and
file were housed ‘in Sibley tents. One of the earliest
duties in Company ‘F’ was flooring the tents with the
country boards provided for us. Their untrimmed edges
left cracks which made a sort of savings bank for money
or other small articles which slipped from the gaping
pockets of our night-clothes. After a time we had bed-
sacks and made a peaceful commercial raid upon a neigh-
bor’s barn for straw to fill them.

How can one hope to do more than select with passing
touch from the teeming memories deeply engraved on our
youthful minds by the novel experience of that first camp?
Réveille. Hardly a trial to the young limbs not yet
inured to the thin straw-beds and scanty blankets.
Guard-mounting. Company-drill. At times little more
than a sliddering about when the morning sun had turned
LYNNFIELD. 13

to thin mud the surface of the drill ground stiffened by
last night’s frost. Bringing to quarters and distributing
the huge piles of clothing, arms and equipments which
were to turn a thousand civilians into the outer seeming of
soldiers. Dinner was always good and abundant. Never
quite down to the prosaic monotony of the rations in the
field, in some companies it was made a feast by the abun-
dance of turkeys, puddings, pies, etc., furnished by our
friends. Battalion drill. Men already somewhat posted in
company drill entered with interest on the unknown ground
of regimental combinations. They were nothing if not
critical, and thought they had made a point when they
refused to obey a “Forward” from the “ Order arms” or
remained solemnly erect when first the unexplained or-
der “Down” came to them. In the latter case their young
conceit gained nothing but a contemptuous “ Well, stand
up and be shot.” Dress parade. The line was formed
on two sides of a square for lack of room. Visitors.
Crowds of matrons and maids gazed with tender pride
upon sons and brothers, and believed, if possible, more
earnestly than ourselves, that they were admiring soldiers.
Darkness came all too soon in those short November
days, and drove us to our tents where cards, books,
papers and the ever-present and wider-spreading pipe
helped the time away.

The distinctions of military caste came slowly (and
never went far) among men who had lived equals all their
lives. I recall an evening at company headquarters made
jocund by the effortless flow of anecdote from a well-
known Registrar, and a breakfast where nothing less
than the extraordinary savoriness of a domestic chicken-
pie would have reconciled a lieutenant, with reminis-
cences of the Mexican war, to sitting at table with a
corporal.
14 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Standing guard, with the consequent broken sleep, was
our most arduous duty. Few of us had, up to this time,
had opportunity for studying night effects on such a pro-
longed scale. My notebook recalls a tour of duty, when
the stars glittering from a black sky, a well-arched Aurora
Borealis and the waning moon vied with the glare of a
huge bonfire in a neighboring camp, with our more
modest guard-fires and with the flickering blaze in certain
Sibley tents which gave them a glow of vitality in the
ghostly ranks of their snowy mates.

Arms and equipments, the bayonet-scabbards not with-
out ineffectual protest from Colonel Kurtz, were dis-
tributed.

31 Oct. The march to Salem. Weather and roads
were all that could be wished. In our light marching
order the twelve miles was an easy task. By way of
Federal and Lynde streets we reached City Hall and es-
corted thence the city government to the Common. Here
we had a scant collation, a short drill and profuse hand-
shakings. Soon after 3 Pp. M. we started for camp. Essex
street was densely crowded. We halted there a while for
our Officers to accept the hospitality of the Salem Light
Infantry tendered them at the Essex House. Taking the
route-step, after we left the streets, we reached camp
with but one halt on the way, and, though not much tired,
were excused from dress parade and roll-calls.

2 Nov. There had been a brisk northeaster during the
day, and the rain, beginning about the time of evening
roll-call, hinted an experience that we fully met. Half the
night we were up loosening the guy-ropes (lest the can-
vas, shortened by the rain, should pull the pegs from the
ground and all should fall together) and retying the tapes
at the door which the wind, flapping the loosened cloth,
would immediately throw open again. Finally, the canvas
ON THE ROAD. 15

had drunk up all the rain it would hold, the tapes
were all torn away from the door and we, in the least wet
and windy side of the tent, slept till morning disclosed a
picture of desolation. The flat camp and parade were
almost one puddle, and many tents were prostrate.

Colonel Kurtz’s desire that the regiment might have an
opportunity for special duty, rather than as a member of
some coast expedition then talked of, and Gen. Wilson’s
interest in accumulating Massachusetts regiments near
himself, resulted in a request, 28 Oct., 1861, from Gen.
Winfield Scott to Governor Andrew, that the regiment
might be sent to Washington, but, 6 Nov., 1861, Colonel
Kurtz was compelled to ask delay on account of insufficient
equipage. In fact, our knapsacks, haversacks and can-
teens did not reach us till the 7th, nor our dress coats
and blankets till the 8th.

10 Nov.. The last Sunday in camp drew a great
crowd of people, and, after services conducted by Rev.
G. D. Wildes of Salem, we had our last handshakes
with the friends we left behind us.

11 Nov. 1861. We were roused at four, and were
fed, packed and ready by daylight, but the usual delays
put off our start till near eleven. Stringent orders were
issued against the destruction of property. The number
of cases of spontaneous combustion in the straw and other
camp-litter was very remarkable.

ON THE ROAD.

Boston was its hospitable self, cheered us on State
street, fed us on the Common and would, doubtless, have
sheltered us from the rain which drenched us on the way
to the Old Colony station.

Here were a thousand men and boys, many tenderly
16 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

nurtured, wet to the skin in mid-afternoon and, without
change of clothing, gradually drying on the cars and in the
Sound boat. But few, if any, were the worse for it.
An interesting illustration of the protecting influence of a
novel environment.

The steamer State of Maine carried the right wing very
comfortably. A limited supply of mince-pie and ale,
which could be bought on board, met the need of but a
few, and the hunger of the many was not appeased dur-
ing the long hours of waiting off the Battery for the
Metropolis bringing the left wing, the field and staff in-
cluding the R. Q. M., and the rations. Can answer for the
fierce hunger of one as we marched up Broadway, pass-
ing Trinity as the clock struck twelve, on the way to the
Park barracks. We were escorted by the Sons of Massa-
chusetts who took the officers to breakfast at the Astor
House while we were fed at the barracks.

Some two thousand sons and daughters of Massachu-
setts were present at the Astor House. Colonel Howe
presided and speeches were made by Generals Burnside
and Wilson, by Dr. Bellows, Chaplain Clarke and others.
Adjutant Chambers was toasted as the printer-soldier of
Massachusetts. General Burnside is reported by the Vew
York Commercial Advertiser as saying: “The cause of
the war is regarded as the strength of the enemy and he
hoped every good general would avail himself of this
force. Under any other name than slavery no good general
would be excused from letting italone. If it be necessary,
in order to maintain the Government, that slavery be re-
moved, in God’s name let it be done.”

General Wilson said: “You and I have listened te the
most important speech made since the war.”

At the barracks no very strict guard was kept, and the
men scattered over the city. While there were, doubt-
ON THE ROAD. 17

less, some who abused the liberty, those who did not were
in the great majority; a proportion, in fact, that would
have been quite impossible after some years of service.
At 5 P.M. we went in light marching order up Broad-
way and paid a passing salute to Mrs. Lincoln at the
Metropolitan. The street was crowded, and our appear-
ance, as we marched in platoons, singing, at intervals, our
version of the John Brown song, which related the won-
derful results to be expected when the rebels * should
hear the rifles’ crack of the Old Bay State’s Twenty-third,”
was the signal for the wildest enthusiasm. Even after
dark it was not difficult, for those who remained sober, to
get leave. A party of non-commissioned officers lodged
and breakfasted at Lovering’s.

13 Oct., 1861. About noon we marched, up Broad-
way, around Union Square and through 14th street to the
ferry-boat. This, our first lengthy march in heavy march-
ing order, was made no less fatiguing by the great slip-
periness of the worn pavements. It was dark when, or
soon after, we left Jersey City. One of the men fell from
the cars, on our way across the state of New Jersey, but
rejoined us soon after, not much the worse for the accident.
Philadelphia’s hospitality, in the abundant refreshment at
the Cooper Association rooms, was duly welcome at about
2 a.M., and the rest of the night was spent in the cars
at rest in the streets of the City of Brotherly Love.
Perryville, with its busy camps and teeming corrals, gave
us our first proof of the scope of the governmental prepara-
tions. About noon Companies ‘A’, ‘F’ and ‘D’ with Colonel,
Major, Surgeon, Chaplain and Sutler went on board the
little steamer “Star” for Annapolis.

With the cheery daylight it was a very pleasant trip.
With dusk, came fog, and, after dark, rain, and then, for

2
18 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

the large number of sleepy boys whom actual want of
room kept exposed on the hurricane-deck, the misery of
enforced wakefulness. Nor were our salt-water boys
of Salem and New Bedford made any happier by the ineffi-
cient clumsiness which kept us, through two hours of
drenching rain, just off the pier, in vain endeavor to
reacha berth. Finally, the sacred soil of the sunny south,
otherwise the mud of the deserted Naval Academy, re-
ceived us ankle-deep, and we were glad of such shelter
and rest as could be obtained among the empty show-cases
of the museum.
CHAPTER II.

ANNAPOLIS. LIFE AND INCIDENTS IN CAMP. THANKSGIVING. PAY.
MUSTER-IN. CONTRABANDS. EMBARKATION. HIGHLANDER. HUS-
SAR. THE VOYAGE. RESCUE OF NINTH NEW JERSEY OFFICERS.
HATTERAS. THE INLET. THE SWASH. SCARCITY OF WATER. GALES.

Next day, 15 Nov., 1861, began the experience which,
though probably common enough, the 23rd was accus-
tomed to consider peculiarly its own ; the being ordered to
move on as soon as we were comfortably established.
After a day’s work had made our museum room habitable,
orders came to march to College Green and occupy a new
building whose floors were thick with the mud of our
predecessors and whose walls quaked with the tread of
our unexpected numbers. 16 Nov. Again, after a busy
forenoon of clearing up, the left wing, which had followed
our course, enjoying the floor of the railroad station at
Perryville the first night, joined us and, together, we
marched to camp some two miles out of the city.

The quiet of the next—Sunday—forenoon was broken
by the excited rush of the officer of the guard through the
camp with the cry “To Arms!” Your historian was puz-
zled to imagine whom we could find to fight in such a
place, and curious whether, when found, we could reach
him with the bayonet — we had no ball cartridges — but
fell in with the rest to receive General Burnside and hear
some general orders, including one about foraging. Some
one had been shooting turkeys. Suspicion against one of
the companies was made certainty by the appearance, on
the very scene of investigation, of two more of its men
bringing more turkeys. The blue Zouave uniform dis-
appeared from that day. The regiment gained in stead-

iness all it lost in picturesqueness.
(19)
20 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

We learned that our camp, pitched in the open field,
was liable to be under water in rainy weather. A party
was sent to a neighboring grove to prepare another camp.
We moved, mostly by hand, next day. Only such trees as
were actually in the way were removed. The slope of the
land secured fair drainage. Barring a little awkwardness,
arising from the location of the companies in camp, when
we came to form line for parade, and that our water must
all be brought from a distant roadside spring, the camp
was very convenient and soon became comfortable. Some
of us adopted the California furnace —a covered pit, near
the centre of the tent, with air-duct coming in from one
side to the bottom, and smoke-pipe from near the top on
the opposite side. These, with very little fire, made our
tents very comfortable. General Foster inspected and
approved them. Perhaps they were too warm for those
who, in a crowded tent, were compelled to sleep over or
near the smoke-pipe. Others tried digging out the soil
under the tents, some eighteen inches deep, except for a
foot next the canvas. This largely increased the stand-
ing room and available space, but was, perhaps, not so
desirable as the stockading we learned to make afterwards
amid the plentiful woods of the Carolinas.

In accordance with the suggestion of Governor Andrew
Co. ‘F’ celebrated Thanksgiving in a highly satisfactory
manner. The company street was decorated with ever-
green and holly. After listening to an open air service
held by Chaplain Clark, to an accompaniment of coughs,
two roast turkeys and two plum puddings were served in
each tent, and, after dress-parade, we had bonfires and
danced around them, singing “ Auld lang syne,” etc.

All the pleasant days, and these were many, were
passed in drill, company, battalion and brigade.

5 Dec. Mustered into United States service by Cap-
tain Putnam, U. S. A.
ANNAPOLIS. 21

From the time when we marched out of Annapolis be-
tween two lines of grinning darkies the negroes were
always about the camps. They came, with their trays of
pies, etc., when permitted, in the daytime, and required
little persuasion to induce them to come at night and give
us specimens of their singing.

“The words are very amusing . . . I give you a speci-
men, although the effect is lost by not seeing the faces
and motions of the singers. One foot is always in mo-
tion; they shut their eyes and roll about their heads in
the queerest manner. They all, men and women, sing the
air or first treble part, and, when the spirit moves, the
music gets decidedly boisterous. The chorus is evidently
the part best relished by the singers.” +

Wet or dry I mean to try
Away in the wilderness.
To get to heaven when I die
Away in the wilderness.
It’s a highway, it’s a highway,
It’s a highway, Away in the wilderness.

Jordan water, chilly and cold,
Away, etc.

I've got glory in my soul.
Away, etc.

I heard a voice, I couldn’t tell where,
It must have been my Lord in the air.

Down to a fountain I was led,
There I eat of heavenly bread.

It is the food for all my soul,
The more I gets the more I grow.

John and James are gone I know,
Up to heaven long ago.'

 

1G. M. W. in “ Salem Observer.”
22 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

H. E. Valentine, of Co. ‘F,’ wrote down the music, as
he heard it, in his diary, as follows:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Hips oN rh
@2e 2 ——*_ fF xf 4 et eg
ev i i‘ os Bie oat ns ates
Wet or dry I mean totry, A - way in the wilderness.
D pecan els
He 9 0p Ne
t2 vi eS » | | is

 

 

Se

To get to heaven when I die, A-way in the wilderness.

hy 4 ye ‘ he --
o- Ss S16
ae Se

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ed
Itsa High - way, Its a High - way, Its a
py Nt i x an <=
Gy oe fp RN
o [a hf } a jg oH
a =o a o——9 Bd
High way, A - way in the wil- der-ness.

Our first payments came here. They were made
partly in gold and partly in greenbacks which were eagerly
taken by the boys for their novelty. From the lack of
small coins or “currency,” fractional parts of dollars were
put “in bills” into the hands of company officers to be paid
to the men as opportunity offered. Of course sutlers and
peddlers reaped a harvest from so much money in the
hands of boys. I saw one drummer-boy swinging his
new watch against the stove to see how often he could
hit the iron without breaking the crystal. On the other
band much money was sent home. ‘F’ sent $2,549.50,
and‘ G’ $3,800.00.

An incident of 7 Dec. is worth relating for itself and
as an illustration of methods and tone of feeling among
the early volunteers.
DRUMMING OUT. 23

A member of ‘A’ had, in the words of Sp. Ord.
No. 18, now before me, “by frequent dishonorable,
dishonest and insubordinate conduct, as well as being a
deserter from his regiment and recreant to the flag of his
country become extremely obnoxious and a nuisance to
the camp. The commanding officer orders that at two
and a half o’clock on Saturday afternoon, December 7,
1861,” he “shall be stripped of every vestige of the uni-
form of his Regiment and be drummed out of the service
at the point of the bayonet as a person totally unfit to be
allowed to associate with honorable soldiers.”

Signed, Jon Kurtz, Cou.”

J. G. Campers, ADJ.

I copy an account sent by “V” to the Salem Register.
“The regiment was drawn up in two lines, the right wing
resting on the main entrance, the two lines facing each
other about three feet apart. The two Reliefs, which
were not on guard, were marched up to the left, the whole
arranged in the following order:

R Line of Soldiers. |
| Main
entrance
to

D
F
camp.

 

 

Line of Soldiers.
Colonel. Lieut. Colonel.
C. Corporal’s guard. D. Drummer. F. Fifer. p. Prisoner.
a. Adjutant. R. Reliefs of guard.

The prisoner was brought to the place marked C where
the charge was read. He was charged with stealing and
in other ways becoming obnoxious to the regiment,
besides being recreant to the flag of his country by de-
serting. Then he was made to strip off his uniform and
put on a pair of old, dark blue pants and an old jacket
24 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

buttoned on the back instead of on the front. The poor
fellow cried like a child when first brought out of the tent.
When all was ready the command was given, the corporal’s
guard came to the ‘charge bayonets,’ the fifer struck up
the ‘Rogue’s March’ accompanied by the drum, and he
was marched just outside the lines through the main en-
trance and left to shift for himself.”

For myself, I pitied him till I saw he seemed to need
no pity.

“M” in another letter in the Register says: “During
the process of stripping him and clothing him again, the
fellow was loud and boisterous in his profane cursing of
the regiment, and as he pulled off his military cap he tore
the letter from it and kicked it from him with a horrid
oath . . The impression upon the soldiery seemed cer-
tainly to be of the most salutary character, and all the
more so, as the poor wretch by his horrid blasphemies
fairly endorsed his sentence, severe as it was, and pre-
vented any reaction in his favor for sympathy on the part
of his former comrades.”

Life at camp “John A. Andrew” at Annapolis was
very pleasant. Our tents were pitched in a position cen-
tral to the other camps and near the brigade drill grounds
which were also used for what seemed to us imposing
division reviews. Ten thousand well-equipped infantry in
an open field, whose rolling surface gave good points of
view, are well worth seeing, even if, in their newness, they
lacked something of the set-up of veterans. We had easy
access to the city, along the railroad when the occasional
rain and the constant army-wagons poached the roads into
a condition impassable to pedestrians. We were well fed
and busily employed in learning our new trade. The
bright winter weather, so well adapted to out-door life,
was so common that the rare rains were welcome for
TENT LIFE. 25

rest and bringing up arrears of mending and corres-
pondence.

I venture to quote from a letter, signed “ V,” a sketch
of evening life ina tent in Co.‘F.’ Those who recog-
nize the parties will feel no less interest from the fact that
so many of them have gone before.

“Our (tent) Adjutant (W. 8.) is sitting on his bed-
sack making much of his meerschaum and enveloped in a
cloud of smoke . . L. R. is writing to some fair damsel
if I can judge by the occasional lighting up of his eye; S.
B. and F. M. are reclining on another sack, the one smoking
and the other chewing a piece of tough cracker, tougher
than even sailors get — so the knowing ones say. KE. P.
is poring over Harper’s Weekly; J. McC. is reading on
my right, while J. T. is perusing the Boston Journal;
S.S., 5. H., A. M. and G. D. are writing letters; and E.
J. is smoking and laughing at some joke from S. B.

Your historian, one of the happy boys described, can
endorse another letter signed “II.” “I am very much
pleased with this life. Have gained in flesh till my face
has the old school-boy roundness.” (A common experi-
ence.) “Our army-rations are good and well-cooked and
with the boxes from home, we, of the N. C. O., fare
sumptuously; indeed, our lieutenants say better than
they fare. I certainly think there is not a happier set of
boys on the field. There have never been any cross
words nor differences.”

*“M”— before quoted —says Dec. 10: “Let me bear
witness to the superb performances of the regimental
band of this regiment, under Mr. Henry C. Brown of
Boston. . . . Said the Chaplain (no mean judgeI trow),
‘Mr. Brown’s voluntaries at our Sabbath services are the
most beautiful and appropriate that I ever heard.’ As this
is Mr. Brown’s first attempt at gathering a band, and espec-
26 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

ially as they were all strangers to each other at the start,
and some of them never saw each other till five days be-
fore they left Lynnfield, I think it simple justice to call
attention to Mr. Brown’s success as a leader and as one
destined to cause even Gilmore himself to look well to
his laurels. Mr. Cook of Fitchburg, the tenor drummer, is
the best I ever saw beat a drum — another “Billy Gray”
certainly. Would that you could have stood with me, last
Saturday evening, near regimental headquarters and wit-
nessed the profound enjoyment of the crowd while Brown
and his associates discoursed, for an hour, music of the
highest order.”

From the same letter: “Some three regular religious
exercises per week are enjoyed by the Chaplain and those
disposed to meet in one of the largest tents (the head-
quarter mess-tent) besides the Sabbath services at which
the regiment are all present.”

Again: “Sabbath evening witnessed an impressive
scene — the crowded tent—the earnest devotion — the
hearty songs of praise — and especially at the close when
Lieut. Col. Merritt requested the prayers of the company
in behalf of one of the sick soldiers in the hospital. But
we learned at the close of this precious season of devo-
tion that the poor fellow had died just as the meeting had
opened. His name was Ansel Stall of ‘H’ from Lunen-
burg, Mass.”

How much the fighting strength of a regiment is de-
pleted by the need of clerks and artificers in the various
departments is familiar enough to all Massachusetts men,
but a special drain upon the 23rd, almost all whose com-
panies came from the very coast, occurred here when one
hundred and forty men marched off at once to man the
transports.

Ball cartridges and target practice began in December.
TARGET FIRING. 27

“At 100 yards a target, 6 feet by 22 inches, caught half
the shots, but at 200 yards, only 18 shots” (probably from
one company). Some doubt arose as to the accuracy
of our Enfield rifles when we found that experienced
riflemen missed a target which green school-boys could
hit, although, literally, firing a gun for the first time in
their lives.

Rumors of a speedy move had been rife for weeks.
Each was contradicted, in turn, by the report, from town,
that there were no vessels to carry us. Even after the
transports had come, work went on in camp as though we
meantit for winter-quarters. Regulararmy-ovens were set
up and a well, five feet square, was curbed with chestnut
rails and furnished with bucket and winch on 4 Jan.,
1862, only to be taken down on the 5th when positive
orders came to start the next day. These were cold days
with thermometer, hanging at the door of a warmed tent,
at 18° +4 Fahr. and some inches of very light snow
lying unmelted. It was from this we pulled our Sibley
tents and through this we marched to Annapolis, a short
walk made laborious by the ruts beneath the snow and our
knapsacks overladen with all manner of extras which the
prospect of short marches induced us to retain. Then
came long hours in hollow square around huge bonfires
on the green of the Naval Academy ; and, finally, we went,
at dark, to our quarters on the schooner Highlander and
the steamer Hussar.

While the regiment was waiting, a sad mishap occurred
to Co.‘C’. Some men of that company, detailed on gunboat
Lancer, wereashore on leave for the purpose of getting pho-
tographic portraits. While in an oyster saloon, the contents
(buckshot) of a gun, accidentally discharged while in the
hands of private William Bushey, struck private Thomas
Butler in the right eye. “He never moved from his chair.”
28 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

The local authorities did not deem an inquest necessary.
Butler was buried and Bushey returned to duty the same
day.

HATTERAS.

The “Highlander,” “originally the ‘ Claremont’ built,
probably, in New Jersey about 1858-9 and intended for
the pine-wood trade,”? was a centre-board schooner of 561
tons. This tonnage must have included the space covered
by the spar-deck which, high enough for three tiers of
bunks, had been added to fit her for transport service. A
tier of bunks was built in along each side and supplied
with mattresses stuffed with dried sea-weed. The remain-
ing spacewas filled with cots — narrow canvas-sacking beds
on turned posts which reached from the deck to the beams
overhead. They were arranged by twos, nearly touching
in the ranks and with but a narrow passage-way between
the double ranks.

These passages were about thirty inches wide, none too
much for men to pass one another in the lightest march-
ing order. Now, suppose two hundred and odd men with
arms, equipments, knapsacks, haversacks, everything
that they could and more than they ought to carry, filing
into these narrow aisles in the vain attempt to find their
assigned bunks; and suppose as many more, equally
encumbered, trying to reach similar accommodations in
the lower hold and you may form some idea of the con-
fusion which filled, for a time, the interior of the High-
lander on that January evening. Finally, word was
passed that men should take the nearest bunks. This
speedily relieved the worst of the crowding and we set-

 

r

28. W. Higgins,
THE HIGHLANDER. 29

tled away with ‘A,’ ‘F’ and part of ‘D’ on the main deck ;
the restin the hold. Sardines are packed closer, but those
natives of the rolling deep are not subject to sea-sickness.

Two hatches, one sky-light, without glass on its sides,
and three or four glazed ports in each side, gave, for the
main deck, fair light and air.

The ship’s officers and our field and staff—. e., Colo-
nel, Surgeon, Adjutant and Quartermaster — occupied
the cabin proper and its state-rooms. The line-officers
of our five companies had rooms in the same house for-
ward of the cabin; one sleeping-room and a mess-room
which also had berths along the sides. These rooms
opened on the main deck. The galley and closets shared
about equally the “eyes of her” on the main deck, and the
forecastle was forward below.

Mr. E. Smith, correspondent for the New York Times,
was a fellow passenger.

The Highlander remained for some time in the North
Carolina waters, and, later, took troops to Texas. Major
Dollard, 2nd Lieut. U. S. C. Cav. (formerly Sergeant
of ‘E’) says: “At Brazos Santiago, in Jan., 1866, a
terrific storm had driven upon the beach, within a space of
ten miles, not less than twenty sailing and steam vessels.
Among these I noticed the schooner Highlander. That
she survived this calamity is extremely improbable.”

The Hussar was one of those hulking barns-afloat, in-
tended for freighting hay on the North River. Her black
color (shared by everything afloat, under control of the
navy, in the days before the adoption of the lead-colored
war-paint said to have been introduced by the blockade-
runners) and grace of outline gained for her and her mates
the sobriquet “ blacksmith’s shop.”

The arrangement of the Hugsar did not differ essentially
from that of the Highlander. She had canvas-bottomed
30 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

cots “tween decks” and bunks with mattresses in the
hold. In her they were four storeys high. She was
armed with two 30 lb. Parrots and two 6 lb. Wiards.
Having a condenser on board, the left wing never suffered
for water, although at one time put on a per diem of one
pint. Coffee, made with a steam-pipe in a barrel, was
always provided ; but, such coffee !!

In 1863 the Hussar might have been seen at Beaufort,
N. C., sunk to her upper deck and apparently abandoned,
but eighteen months later she turned up among the trans-
ports at Brazos Santiago apparently as good as ever.*

We lay in the harbor of Annapolis till Thursday, hav-
ing been towed to a new anchorage the evening before.
Early risers may recall the glorious sunrise of the 8th,
which painted sky and sea and spars with living crimson,
and may remember the burning of a deck-load of hay soon
after, when blazing bales, thrown over to save the vessel,
bore down uponus, and picket-boats were sent out to fend
off the impromptu fire-ships.

There had been rain the morning we started. Mist
and fog accompanied us, but by noon it became clear and
the full magnificence of the pageant was revealed. Not

“ Like leviathans afloat
Lay their bulwarks on the brine.”

Our escorting gunboats were of that curious medley
called forth by the sudden summons of war and made up
largely of ferry-boats and tugs. In the weight and
power of their metal alone were they imposing. Our
steam transports varied from the huge Northerner, carry-
ing with ease a full regiment, to the dumpiest of the army
gunboats, and their tows from the full rigged ship (too

 

§ Dollard,
UNDERWAY. 31

large, as the event proved, to enter at Hatteras) to the
canal boat battery (utterly helpless without either horse
or hawser). These, gay with flags and teeming with a
joyously expectant army, made the pageant.

As the more powerful boats passed their slower mates,
cheer answered unto cheer and band to band. Senti-
mental Brown played “Home, Sweet Home” and gallant
Gilmore sent back “The girl I left behind me.” Bugle-
solos found unexpected echoes. So, with laugh and song,
we pushed on, not merely our possible fate but our course
and destination, as well, utterly unknown.

Fog held us still nextday. Nothing else could be seen.
An occasional order, bugle-call or drum-roll assured us
we were near friends. A clearer sky in the afternoon
allowed us to start, and, before night, the leafless forest
over our bow gradually turned to the masts of the real
leviathans of our navy, anchored off Fort Monroe, and these
suddenly bourgeoned out into a full foliage of Jack-tars
manning the yards and cheering as each transport glided
to its mooring.

Few found our stop in Hampton Roads tedious.
Frowning fortress, famous frigate, far-reaching fleet were
too novel to all. The flag-of-truce boat that day brought
some ladies from Dixieland and consigned them to a
French frigate. Heavy guns in some rebel battery near
Sewall’s point had a warlike sound, but were said to mean
jubilation over a new flagstaff. Some were lucky enough
to get ashore to have a nearer inspection of the interior
of the fortress as well as of the huge guns on the beach
and to obtain fresh commissary supplies from the sutler.

Morning found us with bright sky and fairly smooth
sea, meekly following the Hussar in a similar, though
more scattered, column, to that in the bay. Some of the
boys found the motion too frisky, but the right wing of
32 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

the 23rd was too web-footed to suffer long and we thought
ourselves pretty fairly settled down to enjoy a sea-life.
Towards dark a fresh gale from the southwest arose and
so hindered us that it was decided to cast off the hawser.

All hands, but enough to work ship, were ordered be-
low, and, then,.as we stood off and on, ensued scenes
which, though not without their laughable side, may per-
haps best be left to the memories of the participants.

One of these was provided by Commissary Chapple’s
spaniel as “sick as a dog” in her master’s bunk.
“Curly,” the pet of Company ‘F’, if not of the regiment,
was conspicuous with her red blanket on the march through
Boston and New York. Her pups, born on the eve of
the battle at Roanoke Island, were in great demand as
souvenirs of that affair.

The sudden gale was soon over. Before midnight we
were standing off and on under easy sail. Of course at
daylight no Hussar was to be seen. We followed along
with light and baffling winds towards Hatteras Inlet now
generally known to be our destination.

The Cape of Storms was to give us one more taste of
its quality. In the hurry to shorten sail before a threat-
ening squall the mainsail refused to come down and the
wind, catching it, forced us over till unhappy soldiers
were rolled out of their bunks. Our watchful Captain
saw the difficulty and applied the only remedy. Running
up the main rigging he swung across to the gaff and
brought the sail down by his weight. + Few of us knew
of the danger we had escaped. In such weather we could
not pass the Inlet, but made for Hatteras Cove and there
rode, with both anchors, within sight of the haven of rest
beyond, but exposed to the force of a northeaster during
the 14th and its remaining sea on the 15th. Sixteen of
the fleet had shared the hospitalities of the Cove and to-
   

 

 

Capt. C. Howland.

lst Lt. C. H. Hayward.

 

Capt. S. C. Hart.

‘

 

 

 

o

lst Lt. Geo. V. Barrett. lst Lt. John Littlefield.
ON THE OCEAN. 33

gether we tried in the light breeze to work our way to and
into the Inlet. Finding the wind likely to fail us utterly
we made signal for a tug by dropping our ensign from the
martingale braces. In response, the steamer Pawtuxent
took us in tow.

We were nearing the outer bar and had begun to discuss
the noonday pork and hard-tack when word came from
the Pawtuxent, “Boat upset.” In less time than it takes
to write it, three of our boats, manned by ready volun-
teers, and one of them under command of Lieut. S. C.
Hart of ‘D,’ were speeding to the rescue. The officers of
the 9th New Jersey Volunteers had gone in to report their
arrival to General Burnside, and, on their return, had
been capsized in the breakers of the bar. Out of twelve,
one, the second mate of the transport (the ship Ann E.
Thompson), was never found; nine needed only warmth
and dry clothing to be speedily all right again; and two,
Colonel Allen and Surgeon Weller, defied the persistent
efforts of Dr. Derby and his assistants to revive them.
They had been in the water three-quarters of an hour.

Meanwhile we had passed the already crumbling wreck
of the “City of New York” and were quietly anchored
at last in a “ pocket ” of the “swash.”

The long stretch of shifting sand, reaching almost from
the Capes of Virginia to the Cape of Fear and separating
the ocean from the broad sounds of North Carolina, is sub-
ject to constant change.

What seems on the older charts a sturdy bulwark
against the assaults of the ocean is but a thin thread on the
modern maps. The frequent islands, both outside and
inside, of the older time, are now only shoals occupied, if
at all, only by water-fowl whose myriads we used to see
against the horizon rising like the smoke of distant fires.

Of course the accumulating waters of the many rivers

3
34 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

must find or make outlets. In the early days the chief
openings were north of Roanoke. Through one of these
the Adventurers under Raleigh and others passed to found
the ill-fated settlement on Roanoke Island. All these
have long been closed. Ocracoke Inlet, at the south,
seems to have been most permanent and practicable.
Perhaps it was, for many years, strictly the only one.

The Hatteras Inlet of our experience isa modern affair.
Some six miles south of it there was another, very simi-
lar to it and called Hatteras Inlet, in 1738. An English
ship took ground on its bar and could not be removed.
Sand collected about her till the channel closed and dis-
appeared so completely that even tradition had ceased to
speak of it and aged men and women had never heard of
it. By diligent inquiry, two old men have been found who
had heard such stories from their ancestors.

Perhaps no part of that slight sandy barrier between
‘sound and ocean seemed more secure than the site of the
present outlet in the summer of 1846. All parts were lia-
‘ble to overflow in severe storms, but here were groves
of live oak, not lofty, but with sturdy trunks and wide-
spreading branches; here were houses, orchards, vine-
yards, in short, all the results of the simple civilization of
the hardy islanders.

In September came a three days’ gale. The rain and
persistent easterly wind heaped up the waters in the
sounds. Suddenly the wind changed to northwest. Ocra-
coke Inlet to the south, and the old-time inlets north of
Roanoke, if any remained, were all too small to discharge
the accumulated waters. On the morning of the seventh of
September, Albemarle and Pamlico Sounds were pouring
into the ocean by, at least, three new channels, Oregon,
Hatteras and a narrow, nameless one a little south of the
latter. This soon filled again.
   
     
     
    
         
 

PAMLICO SOUND

  

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HATTERAS INLET. N. C.
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HATTERAS INLET. 35

Hatteras people are used to rough weather and had gone
to bed thinking it not much of a storm. By the dawn’s
early light they saw a torrent of salt-water, where yes-
terday they plucked figs and Scuppernong grapes, and
watched while their oaks were undermined and toppled
into the sea. Thework was not all done at once. Infact,
one “hummock,” inhabited at the time of the storm and now
long since washed away, did not disappear till after the
pilots had begun to use the new inlet.

Who knows how long it will last? Nearly forty years
have elapsed since the waters cut through. For thirty
years it has been the only channel at all equal to the de-
mands of modern commerce. The next storm may seal
it and open others.

While the current is sufficient to keep the channel in
the inlet proper of more than 20 feet in depth there
are bars both outside and inside. That outside known as
“the bar” is comparatively narrow and still affords some
15 feet of water. The broad bar inside having, in 1862, but
74 feet in its channel is “the swash” which gave us so
much trouble. An early channel across it, still carrying 8
feet to within a short distance of the open sound, is
closed at the inner end and forms the “ pocket” in which
the Highlander and other vessels were moored till light-
ened sufficiently to pass through the channel over “the
swash.”*

Getting inside the inlet did not assure safety to all.
The army gunboat Zouave, with a number of 23rd men
detailed on her, overrun her anchor, knocked a hole in
her bottom and sank where her upper deck was just awash.
No lives were lost, but some of the men could only bring

 

4The accompanying map of Hatteras, copied from the Coast-Survey, map of
1861, will, it is hoped, prove of interest. It gives, beside the exact topography, the
approximate positions of the Highlander and Hussar.
36 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

away what they stood in. A coal transport took ground
close by us, broke her back, and, pinned down by her
cargo, became a speedy wreck. The Hussar and the side-
wheeler New York swung their sterns together. While
the Hussar escaped serious damage the after cabin of the
New York was badly smashed.

During our three weeks’ stay at Hatteras, one day in
three was of rainy storm and some storms were of great se-
verity. Other days were disagreeable enough from cold
northerly wind, yet there were hours and days when the
sunny south asserted itself, and all will recall the mild
moonlight when the chat and pipe on deck were so enjoy-
able until the silvery strains of Brown’s “Spanish retreat”
warned us away to the soldier’s early bed.

None too soon we got out our Sibley tents which had
been stored away stiff with the ice and snow of Annap-
olis. Through one soaking rain they hung, a huge, pyr-
amidal mass of dripping, dirty canvas, from a line stretched
between the masts.

No account of life at Hatteras would be complete with-
out mention of the scarcity of water. We had been de-
layed by storm and shoals and might reasonably have
expected to reach a fresh supply before the time of ex-
treme need. Even this had not been left to chance, for
General Burnside says in a letter to General McClellan, 26
Jan., 1862, “I took the precaution to arrange for a sup-
ply of water before we left, ordering one schooner to
leave each day till further orders, but not one has yet
arrived. Our supply of water is nearly out.”

Something must be allowed to the improvidence of
school-boys called upon, for the first time in their lives,
to measure water as something less free than air. One
diary records what, in the slang of the time, is called a
“he old wash in fresh water,” from the canteen of a cor-
WATER FAMINE. 37

poral who was not in the ring, which— another diarist
declares —drew extra supplies from the guarded water-
butt on deck. Nor did said corporal sit up half the night,
as another diarist boasts he did, to furtively convey a dip-
perful from the water-butt, and to pour the precious fluid
into his canteen, without spilling a drop, even in the
Stygian darkness of the lower hold. Lest the corporal be
accused of selfish waste, it may be well to add that his ab-
lutions were performed in the Oriental method — pour-
ing a trickling stream on outstretched palms — and that
a wash of the character aforesaid may, in this way, be
obtained with the use of an amount of water that would
be ridiculous in the hand-basins of Occidental civilization.
That water was really scarce came home to us one day
when we were served with coffee made with the rain-
water caught in the boat hanging from the stern-davits
and redolent of other flavors than those belonging to the
Mocha berry. <A zealous officer-of-the-day refused a fresh
issue for the tea on the plea that we should use what had
been served out for boiling the rice for dinner. Is not
the action of an officer on the Hussar, who, finding that a
barrel of whiskey, had, by mistake for water, been turned
into the coffee-boilers, threw the whole overboard, em-
balmed in the historic poem of “ Gideon’s Band?”
When the supply fell so short that the water-butt on
deck was left empty and our day’s supply of fluid was
limited to a pint of tea and as much coffee, a salt beef
dinner made the men so clamorous that an extra gill of
water was served to appease them. During the brisk rain
of that evening, men might have been seen catching water
in their rubber-blankets or patiently holding their tin-cups
under the drip of the rigging, unmindful of the fact that
they were getting wet through inthe process. Before the
arrival of our supply schooners we had water warm from
38 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

the condensers and this warmth, unavoidable otherwise
than by extra delay, was another grievance to the
growling squad.

In the middle of the water famine came a supply of
sutler’s goods and apples,—one barrel netting $19.00
retail,—figs, butter, cheese, etc., though at fabulous prices,
were a welcome addition to our restricted fare.

20 Jan’y. Men swimming.

22 Jan’y. After putting half our pig-iron ballast on a
canal-boat battery, we tried to cross the swash with the
help of the steamer Pilot Boy on one side and the gun-
boat Picket on the other. In vain; we could not move
forward even when most of our live-freight was trans-
ferred to the Pilot Boy, but we luckily could back out
and did anchor near the fort.

Here came that really heavy gale which gave rise to the
startling reports and sensational pictures of the time.
Comparatively few vessels had crossed the swash. The
fleet was crowded in the narrow “pockets.” Lofty side-
wheelers veered about before the shifting gales, deep-
laden coal schooners, caught by conflicting currents, became
unmanageable. In all directions vessels were dragging
their anchors, smashing one another in temporary collision
or drifting to destruction on the bars. Flags of distress,
flying in all directions, were all the more distressing
because little help could be tendered in that raging sea.
The 24th Massachusetts, whose escape from the confine-
ment of shipboard and whose pleasant camp on shore
had aroused our envy ona recent sunny day, was driven
by the rising tide to the higher land near the forts.

Again, provisions as well as water, were becoming
scarce. The deprivation was no easier to be borne with
the knowledge that abundant supplies were now in the
fleet. I copy, from a letter of the time, a statement of the
  

S. A. Burnham, ‘EB’. BE. Richardson, ‘K’.

 

Serg. F. H. Lee. ‘F’.

  

2nd Lt. D. P. Muzzey. Ist Lt. W. J. Creasey.
STORM. 39

daily ration on the 23rd and 24th January. “Two pota-
toes for dinner, one pint of tea, as much coffee, one gill
of water and twelve crackers for a day’s rations.” This
schedule, scanty as it is, is fairly corroborated from
other sources, although your historian, generally blessed
with a good appetite, had forgotten the fact and his diary
is little else than a record of the games at cards which
helped away the tedious hours.

However, a heavy rain during the forenoon of the 24th
broke the wind and levelled the sea, enabling us first to
secure supplies and next, wind and rain having heaped the
waters, with little effort, tugged by the Picket and an-
other gun-boat, to cross the formidable swash.

25 Jan., 1862. Perhaps by way of celebrating our
conquest of the swash, Lieut. Col. Merritt invited the
officers of the right wing to meet their fellow officers on
the Hussar. Not a little was added to the enjoyment of
the occasion by the performances of the Glee Club, Surg.
Derby with Q. M. Sergt. S. P. Driver, first tenor, Capt.
G. M. Whipple, second tenor and Sergt. F. H. Lee of
°F,’ bass.

3 Feb. The officers enjoyed a similar reception from Col.
Stevenson and officers of the 24th M. V. I. on their steamer
Admiral. Gilmore’s band, it will readily be believed,
played a prominent part in the festivities.

Cards were, naturally, a common resource for killing
the monotonous rainy days. The narrowness of the pas-
sages between bunks was an advantage here, for the cover
of a cracker-box resting on the knees of opposite players
made a commodious table. By no means all were satis-
fied with a quiet rubber with “nothing up.” Here comes
a notable distinction between Highlander and Hussar.
Our worthy chaplain, after a visit to the schooner, told
his shipmates that, if they must gamble, he did wish they
would bet beans as they did on the Highlander.
40 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

A little incident of life on the Hussar illustrates the
readiness of some members of our sea-coast companies.
They were getting away a boat and a private of ‘A,’ de-
tached and serving in the crew of the Hussar, lost his
balance and was thrown into the rough sea. Utpadel of
*C,’? no sooner saw the accident than he jumped for the
davit tackle and sliding down had him in the boat again in
a jiffy. Again, when McCartney, a recruit in Company
°C,’ “ love-cracked ” and tired of life, jumped overboard,
the swift tide and rough sea made it seem probable that he
would infallibly lose it. Not so thought his comrades
Bushey, Coas, Rogers and Tupper. Speedily manning
and as quickly lowering the Captain’s gig from the davits,
they, at no little risk to themselves, saved, for a time,
McCartney’s little-valued life. 20 Jan’y, 1862. “As I
write our boat is going by, with Orderly Greenleaf in
the stern sheets, Corporal George A. Parker and pri-
vates Coas, Tupper and Parker manning the oars; Gen-
eral Burnside occupies a seat astern. I pity the poor
fellows. There is such a sea running that a boat can
hardly live. You see our boys make their mark wherever
they go. Their services are freely tendered. The General
is greeted with cheer on cheer as he passes the numerous
crafts.”

Some of our unmusical New Englanders found a difficulty
in memorizing the bugle-calls. By order from Brigade
Headquarters, popular airs, or bits of them, were substi-
tuted for the regular calls of the skirmish drill. One of
our pastimes was watching the officers of a neighboring
regiment drill, under these new calls, on the broad hurri-
cane deck of their steamer. Perhaps it is worth while
to record these changes.

 

5 From a diary in ‘C,
HATTERAS. 41

Forward . . . * . . Dixie.
Quick-time 3 . Fi . A Ellen Bayne.
Double-quick . . . : - Yankee Doodle.
Deploy as skirmishers . - Girl I left behind me.
Retreat . : 5 * - Pop goes the weasel.
March by right flank . . . - Hail Columbia,

#6 ‘left fiank . * - Red, White and Blue.
Commence firing . . - Half of Officers’ Call.
Rally on Reserve 5 5 : Old Dan Tucker.

“Battalion ‘ . «+ Wait for the Wagon.

The other orders were left as in the U. S. tactics.

The last day of January was noted for the arrival of
our first large mail. A bag, some three feet long and two
in diameter, stuffed full of letters and papers, was joy-
fully received in compensation for the numerous letters so
painfully indited in the dubious light of “ tween decks”
on improvised desks of tin platters.

In the absence of regular artillery it was decided to
use the light guns with which some of the gunboats and
transports were provided. The Highlander had two guns,
a twelve-pounder, with regular light carriage, intended
for boat-service and for hauling by hand for short distances
on shore, and a bottle-shaped six-pounder mounted on
a pivot on board ship. For the latter a huge old-time
wooden carriage was sent us from the canal-boat-battery
Rocket. Capt. E. G. Dayton, commanding the Highlander,
who had some experience in such matters, was enthusi-
astic in the cause and proved his right to command the
gun crew by some excellent target practice from the deck
of the schooner, in which he was assisted by the veteran
gunner Tucker.

30 Jan’y, 1862. By General Regimental Order No. 16
Lieut. Thomas Russell of ‘B,’ Sergt. O. Norcross of
‘B,’ Corp. J. A. Emmerton of ‘F’ and privates C. B.
Shaw aud J. H. Richards of ‘A,’ L. Esty and L. S.
42 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Chamberlain of ‘B,’ J. Gray, G. E. Osgood, S. S. Hooper,
and S. S. Southward of ‘F,’ and M. Crooker and J. H.
Jewett of ‘I’ were appointed a crew for the six-pounder.
Privates W. L. Welch and J. L. Foss of ‘A’ and J. L.
Howard and Thos. F. Porter of ‘I’ were ordered to re-
port to Captain Dayton whose crew, for the twelve-
pounder, was made up from his own crew including Cut-
ter, Wilson, Winslow and Miller, detailed as sailors from
the lst N. Y. Marine Artillery. Except Captain Dayton,
I do not know that any man on either gun had the slightest
practical knowledge of his duties or drill as artillerist.
  

 
   

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PAMLIC@ SOUND.
CHAPTER III.

ROANOKE ISLAND. ADVANCE. NAVAL BATTLE. LANDING. BATTLE. PORK

POINT. CAMP FOSTER. PRISONERS. THE GIDEON.

5 Feb., 1862. At last the tedious monotony of Hat-
teras was broken and with unusual promptness the column
started for Roanoke Island. With the gunboats in the van
and on the flanks, with the transports — the steamers tow-
ing one to four sailing vessels—in the centre, and some of
the supply vessels in the rear, we swept slowly along, keep-
ing as nearly as possible the military sequence of brigades,
etc., and making a display of strength such as the waters
of North Carolina — if indeed those of North America —
had never seen.

At sunrise we anchored with Roanoke Island still, as it
were, only a dim fog-bank ahead. Next day rain and fog
delayed us so that it was nearly noon before we reached our
anchorage, near the entrance to Croatan Sound.

The army steam-transports were ordered to carry their
guns into action against the enemy’s shore-batteries. It
was, of course, impolitic to needlessly expose their super-
fluous infantry and these were distributed among the
sailing vessels. The Hussar brought the remainder of our
field and staff and Co. ‘H’ to the Highlander, retaining
‘E’ to work her guns. There seemed to be no spare
room, but space was found by doubling up the occupants
of the broader outside berths; some slept under a tent on
the deck.

7 Feb., 1862. We were threatened with more Hat-
teras weather in the early morning, but a brisk north-
easterly breeze swept away the clouds. We were near

(48)
44 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

enough to see much of the detail of the engagement, and,
while the firing lasted, the decks and lower shrouds were
black with eager students of the novel sight. Few will
forget the little sloop “Granite,” the only gunboat under
sail, running up and down before the Pork Point battery,
with her convenient off-shore wind, and paying her com-
pliments from her single gun at every tack.

Meanwhile our comrades of ‘E,’ under Captain Alex-
ander, reached the scene of action and fired their first gun
at 11.40. “S.C. G.” writes: “The Hussar being on the
right and nearest one of the forts, we tried to throw a
shell into it, and, I believe, succeeded. But we grounded
before we reached the best position, the water being shoal.
The batteries fired four shells at us over our heads. Fi-
nally, we got nearer and could shell the fort. Shells
from rebel gunboats ahead and from rebel battery, almost
in our rear, were bursting over our heads. Eight shells
passed over in quick succession. One, bursting just over-
head, wounded Captain Alexander in the face and tore
the clothes of Sergeant Terry and of two privates. We
kept fire up till 6 Pp. m. and only drew off when it became
too dark to sight our guns. Our foremast is slightly
scarred by a shell.”

Meanwhile on the Highlander and other transports all
were ready for a landing; knapsacks were packed and
stored, haversacks and canteens filled, guns loaded, but
not capped, side-ladders in place and boats in the water.
About 3 P.M. the Pilot Boy, carrying the 25th Mass.,
came alongside, and our first boat, carrying Capt. Knott
V. Martin and the colors, — we were ordered to land by
divisions on the centre division,— was made fast to her
port quarter. Other boats, making fast each to the stern
of her predecessor, came quickly, till the Pilot Boy and
Patuxent had all they could tow and went shoreward like
LANDING AT ROANOKE. 45

great water-kites with double tails. The enemy meant to
resist the landing, but a few shells from the Delaware
and her consort speedily disheartened them and the land-
ing was made practically without opposition.

The question has been raised who planted the stars and
stripes at Roanoke first? We will let S. W. Higgins,
second mate of the Highlander, tell his story. ‘“ When
the Pilot Boy struck the marsh my boat — made fast di-
rectly to her port-quarter — was about forty feet from the
shore, and, all being anxious to land, the boys gave away
with a will. As I swung the boat, broadside on to the
marsh, they all sprang out, I with the rest, with a little
Union flag belonging to the buat-howitzer and mounted on
a six-foot staff, in my hand. I looked up and down the
shore but no stars and stripes were to be seen anywhere.
So I handed the flag to Captain Martin, saying as I did
so, ‘Captain, this is the first Union flag landed on Roanoke
Island. Take care of it,’ and he replied ‘I will.” Cap-
tain Martin corroborates the above story and adds that
Captain Attwood of the 25th, later in the day, nailed a flag
to a small building near by.®

General orders had been issued to the artillerists to land
with the first detachment of infantry, but, when that was
debarking, they were told the guns were not wanted.
Somewhat, then, to their surprise they were ordered
ashore in the Pilot Boy at nine in the evening. Words
fail to describe the difficulties incurred in getting those
guns from boat to solid land. A corporal in the detach-
ment has a vivid recollection of being planted half-thigh

 

*Second mate S. W. Higgins left the Highlander at Roanoke Island and en-
listed in the 182nd N.Y. After a year’s service in this regiment, partly in New
Berne, he was transferred to the U. 8. S. C. and did duty with it till July, 1865, He
lives at Yaphank, Suffolk Co., N. Y.
46 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

deep and being rescued by his grip on the drag-rope
which was then manned by the full force of Co. ‘D.’

That night was a rough introduction to the realities of
war. We had only one rubber blanket each and those
who fairly reached sleep, cuddled among the corn-hills in
the steady rain, were “ mighty apt” to be rudely wakened
by the careless feet of sleepless prowlers. Most were wea-
rily watching about the fires for the tardy dawn. Scarcely
had the increasing daylight given definite form to the
spectral trees looming against the eastern clouds than three
shots in the neighboring woods caught every one’s atten-
tion and the scattered groups broke up to reform in reg-
imental lines.

As it turned out, the six-pounder alone came out of last
midnight’s mud, but, at last, proved so clumsy that the
lighter twelve-pounder, having been brought up from the
rear, was substituted and the crews were consolidated
(except that Lieut. Russell and privates Welch, Foss,
Jewett and Crooker returned to their companies) under
command of Captain Dayton.

Of our brigade, the 25th had started and we fell in be-
hind them, the gun following the right company of the
23rd.

It was hard, at first, to realize that our charming rural
by-road — a mere track through the woods — was to lead
by so short a course to a bloody battle-field. The almost
universally evergreen foliage was bright with the recent
rain and frequent birds were chirping amid the emerald
leaves. We passed the reserve picket, of the 21st Mass.,
standing grim and gray by the roadside; an aid came
to hurry up men something too anxious about wet feet
in crossing a hip-deep pool across the road; then we
heard a rattle of musketry and saw a flight of scared birds
    

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BATTLE FIELD AT ROANOKE. 47

fleeing from it; then wounded men staggered feebly or
were carried to the rear, and, then, on turning a corner
of the wood, our work was before us.’

Our road entered near the lower end of the longer side
of a cleared space some three hundred yards long and
sixty wide. At the opposite diagonal corner of this space
was the rebel “Battery Defiance” on what the islanders
called Suple’s Hill, although New Englanders would
hardly give so lofty a title to a place raised but a few
inches above the surrounding morass. To the rebel left
and left rear extended a natural clearing, a sort of savanna.
Where the earth had been scooped out to raise the works,
was a broad, shallow moat perhaps hip-deep. The rebel
guns, a 24-pounder Dahlgren and an 18- and 12-pounder,
all on field carriages, swept the cleared space and com-
manded the road which first crossed the clearing and then
ran along the eastern side directly towards the muzzles of
the guns. To leave the road on either side was to step
into mud of unknown depth. The swampy forest to our
left was sufficiently discouraging even before one reached
the clearing which the rebels had prepared against a pos-
sible attack on their right flank. The “ pocoson” on our
right was so deep and tangled with thorny vines as to be
deemed impassable by the rebel engineers and left by
them in its original wildness.

We found the 25th Mass. supporting a battery of six
brass howitzers from the gunboats which, at this point-
blank range and without protection, had already engaged
the enemy, and we, too, were ordered to support. Captain

 

7 The diagram-map, copied from a pen-sketch in one of my letters by my brother
William H. Emmerton and published by Serg. Maj. D. H. Johnson, was thought
very satisfactory by a noisy crowd of disputants in the barracks of Co. ‘F! It
does not include all the troops engaged, nor their locations at any one time, but at-
tempts some hint of the progress of the battle. bya
48 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Dayton’s gun was held in reserve in the edge of the
clearing.

Thus early in the engagement most of the casualties
occurred.

Lieut. Jno. Goodwin, Jr., Co. ‘B’ killed.
1st Sergt. Gamaliel H. Morse, es. * ee d. of wds.
Private John Shaw, ce Me Re ube us
ee Matthew C. West, eA? wounded.
ee Horatio D. Allen, REL 68 “se
#8 George W. Grant, aa c
John Battles, ee" §&
“ W. H. H. Jennings $788 “6
“ Francis L. Caird, Soe ey
* Jno. B. Lake, a> Nee a
“s Frank Howard, eee sf

It will be noticed that all the wounded belong to the
three right companies, ‘A,’*F’ and‘D.’ ‘B’ was color
company. Howard of ‘I’ was in the gun-crew.

At the funeral of Lieutenant Goodwin and Sergeant
Morse at Marblehead, 24 April, 1862, business was sus-
pended and the entire population took part. Flags were
at half-mast everywhere. The public buildings as well as
many private residences and stores and the Unitarian
Church were draped in black.

Shortly, General Foster ordered Colonel Kurtz to face
to the right and file off into the woods in an attempt to
flank the enemy’s left. Over against the location of the
reserve artillery, which was within a few feet of the place
where General Foster stood through the fight, was a copse
of taller trees around which the 23rd filed and were as
completely hidden as though mountains intervened.

How shall I describe the attempt of a regiment, fully
armed and equipped, to march through a swamp consid-
ered impenetrable by the shingle-splitting “ cracker” “na-
tive here and to the manner born?” Where, as one of
THE “POCOSON.” 49

the natives told a member of the 23rd after the battle,
“When one of our-un’s cows gets in there we-uns kills
her because we-uns cant git her out.” After orderly
marching became impossible, the men sprang from tussock
to tussock in the vain hope of keeping dry. Too often
the shaking, treacherous clumps yielded, and the rifle-cum-
bered hand failed in its eager grasp at friendly bush.
Wet through but undaunted, men began to grope along
the sluggish water-courses whose sandy beds afforded
some firmness of footing. Here the tenacious cat-briar
made passage impossible till officers drew their swords
and hewed a way through. Colonel Kurtz ordered com-
pany-officers to do the best they could. Here and there a
supple youngster crept through, and, returning, reported
a possible way. Some of Company ‘A’ got through so
far to the right that the rebel artillerists could be seen
working their guns behind their parapet. Another party,
from the left companies, showed in such force as to ex-
change volleys with the enemy’s reserve. Another party,
from ‘B,’ ‘ D,’ ‘F,’‘H’ and, perhaps, other companies,
got through but did not engage the enemy. So here and
there the light blue overcoats showed among the circling
trees and wrung from the rebel commander “Boys, the
d—ls have outflanked us and you will have to retreat.”

Meanwhile, in front of the rebel battery, the 25th
Mass. held their ground, until, their ammunition being ex-
hausted, they had been relieved by the 10th Conn. The
27th, in column behind the copse aforesaid, was engaging
the enemy by companies, each marching by the left flank
to the open, delivering fire and yielding place to another
company. All Foster’s brigade, except the 24th Mass.
(detained by their transport getting aground) was in
action.

Reno was pushing against the enemy’s right the 21st

4
50 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Mass., 51st N. Y. and 9th N. J. They were stubbornly
and successfully struggling against the natural obstacles,
plus the fire of the enemy, and had reached a point where
they threatened to take the battery in reverse.

At this crisis the 9th New York, of General Parke’s
brigade, for some time awaiting its turn in the road to the
rear, was ordered forward. Hardly had they, marching
by the flank in rear of the 10th Conn., uncovered their
leading companies, when their column was suddenly
thrown into the wildest confusion. There was a grand
fusillade of their muskets aimed in all directions but the
right one. In the right centre of this melée Lieut. Col.
Monteil of the 53rd N. Y. was enveloped. He had been
for some time, a few paces to the right and front of our
artillery, fighting on his own account. He had a carbine,
or some short arm of precision, and, kneeling to load, would
rise and fire after a very deliberate aim, and then, rub-
bing his hands in satisfaction if he thought himself suc-
cessful, would repeat. When the panic of the 9th N. Y.
subsided Colonel Monteil was found dead.

Gen. J. L. Otis, then a captain of the 10th Conn.,
writes me as follows: “The 9th broke up in utter con-
fusion, rushed back down the road in a crowd firing their
muskets in every direction, killing and wounding each
other. The Generals sprang in among them and I did the
same, catching hold of their muskets and throwing up the
muzzles, at the same time trying to stem the tide of con-
fusion; no less than three muskets were fired while I had
my hands on them to throw them up, but the confusion
was not stayed until they had got down the road and out
of the line of fire. Fifteen men of the Hawkins Zouaves
were killed and wounded by each other, and one of my
own men had his gun shattered and his hand nearly shot
away, so that he was disabled for life.”
THE CHARGE. 51

Captain Denny, “ Wearing the Blue,” p. 75, says the
9th “fell back, at least a portion of the regiment, upon
the 25th Mass., which was on its feet in an instant, the
men using the bayonet and the officers drawing swords,
while, with one breath, the cry went up ‘No Bull Run
here !’”

Just at this time the combined line of the 21st Mass.
and three companies of the 51st N. Y. charged over the
narrow space toward the rebel battery, and scattered mem-
bers of the 23rd, which had been too much broken by the
difficulties of the swamps for united regimental action,
came in on the other side and, together, they occupied the
battery from which the rebels were retreating at the full
run. Colonel Ferrero of the 51st N. Y. led the remainder
of his regiment into the battery and after them came the
9th N. Y.

General Foster in his Report says, “and the 23rd
Mass. — sent to turn the enemy’s left — had also made its
appearance on that flank—another cause of the necessity
of the enemy’s retreat.”

Colonel Ferrero, 51st N. Y., in his report: “The
enemy finding they were outflanked commenced to retreat,
when the order was given by General Reno to charge.”

“J. G.,” in a letter to the Salem Gazette of 18 March,
1862, reports a conversation with a rebel sergeant: “An
orderly sergeant, who was in the battery, said the rebels
would stand up against us when they had a fair chance
and when asked why they did not, replied, “Why you
turned our left flank and of course we knew it was all up
with us.’ The 28rd appearing on the left flank of the
battery caused a retreat before the charge was made.”

Colonel Jordan, prisoner at Roanoke, was on parole at
New Berne just before our attack upon that place and
comforted Colonel Branch, to whom its defence was in-
52 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

trusted, with “I give you twenty-four hours to hold your
forts. They will take them if the obstacles were twice as
great. If they can do no better they will swim the river
and come in your rear.”

The gun-crew had, all this time, nothing to do but look
on; and, although near enough to hear the dull thud of
missiles when they struck those working the other guns,
had escaped injury, except from one shell, which, burst-
ing nearly over the gun, seriously wounded Howard of ‘I,’
who was discharged for consequent disability the following
July, and just marked two others.

The column pushed after the retreating rebels with the
24th Mass., which had not suffered the discomforts of the
bivouac nor the trial of battle, in advance. His would have
been a hard task who had tried to convince any sharer of
that march that it was, as the map proves, less than four
miles from the battle-field to Camp Foster.

The 23rd joined in the pursuit. It was in that part of
the column which marched over to Shallow-bag Bay, cut
off the retreat of some and compelled the return of other
rebels who were already embarked for Nag’s Head. Cap-
tain Sawyer of Co. ‘H’ says: “ We captured the wounded
Capt. O. Jennings Wise and turned him over to Dr.
Derby, in whose care he survived till about seven o’clock
the following evening.”

After what seemed a weary way, the Highlander’s gun
was sent with a column made up of the 4th R. I. and
10th Conn., under direct command of General Burnside,
towards Pork Point Battery. Our flag, flying over the
deserted battery, was a joyful sight. There was abundant
loot in the officers’ quarters to give even the rear of the
column achance. Men, as usual, made fools of themselves.
There were pockets filled with smooth-bore bullets and
grape-shot for souvenirs. One man was seen with a
PORK POINT. 53

wooden rolling-pin hanging about his neck and another
lugging a complete Shakespeare big as a family Bible.
A third, more practical, had secured a bale of Killicknick.

Shortly after our arrival General Foster came over, on
horseback, to announce the surrender of all the enemy’s
forces. Have always thought the scene memorable and
have wished that a Detaille had been near to fix it with
his magic pencil.

Scene. The parade between the smoking embers of
the barracks and the shell-torn officers quarters. Time.
Early dusk brightened by the glare, from across the sound,
of the burning battery at Red-stone point, fired by the
enemy on his retreat. Znter. General Foster. A com-
placent pride in his achievement sitting as easily on his
manly features as he on his captured horse. Zo him Gen.
Burnside, the commanding general, reaching up to pat
the back of his successful subordinate and looking as if
he would like to kiss him in his joy.

The gun-crew was glad of the shelter of a small build-
ing still heaped high with corn-fodder. Some huge shell
had traversed the roof the day before, but that insured
ventilation and roof enough was left for some protection
from the drizzling rain. We locked the door, and, well
pleased that we had secured a warm and dry bed, settled
away to make up our much-missed sleep. We were
doomed to disappointment. Mysterious prowlers drew
bedding from beneath us and maledictions from Capt.
Dayton. His empty threats did not much deter the thieves.
By midnight your historian’s sleep was broken by the
protruding handle of a plough on which the bedding had
been piled. Daylight revealed what the sleepy twilight
had passed unnoticed. Some other missile had stripped
the sheathing from the back of the barn and left the corn-
fodder an inviting prize to our prowling, bedless comrades.
54 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Next day a party was sent out to secure a mule or some
such help to transport our ammunition boxes and help
pull the gun over the sandy roads towards Camp Foster,
as the newly taken barracks were called. Some little dis-
tance inland, we found the house of one Wm. Hayes, and
the family not yet half recovered from their share of yes-
terday’s bombardment. Unexploded shells in the front
yard were too fresh reminders of those which had burst
about them. A pony and two-wheeled cart, borrowed
from these people, helped us on our weary way towards
the barracks. It seems ridiculous now, but our little
field-piece was cumbrous as a Columbiad then.

Horse and men tiring out before camp was reached, the
writer was sent forward to ask aid from the regiment.
Getting astray in the thick woods he heard a rustling
in the underbrush followed by the request, “ Mister, don’t
shoot me.” The petitioner turned out to be a miserable,
frightened and half starved rebel, who had been hiding
since the surrender and whose hunger had at last prevailed
over his fears. He knew the way to camp, not far off, and
was soon turned loose among the prisoners. Capt. Dayton
had by this time arrived.

Not long after, Camp Foster was startled by a volley
and the pattering of Minie balls. A seemingly impos-
sible attack was our first thought, but the affair turned out
nothing more serious than the carelessness of some neigh-
boring regiment in emptying their loaded muskets. Most
of the looting about camp was over by the time we ar-
rived. The grotesque Georgian “tooth-picks ”— huge
knives rudely made from farriers’ rasps and intended for
the carving of Yankees—had all been gathered in.

Col. Kurtz, in transmitting a flag to Gov. Andrew,
says: “I accidentally got trace of a place where one of
the rebel regiments had secreted their flag and immedi-
CAMP FOSTER. 55

ately took the proper steps to secure it, and, by permis-
sion of Gen. John G. Foster, send it to you as a trophy.’
It is described as a Georgia regimental flag made of heavy
pongee silk with three longitudinal stripes, red, white and
red, and a blue field in upper corner bearing on one side
in gilt “Liberty or Death” surrounded by eleven stars
and, on the other, S. G., enclosed by a wreath of oak-
leaves. It was looped to the staff with red cord.

In spite of the large amount of stores said to have been
captured, the regiment suffered from scant supplies, and
after a day or two, for which, as usual, the three days’
rations in our haversacks lasted, subsisted mostly on what
was found in and about the barracks. Men became
adepts in frying fritters of flour and water and, report
says, one of these impromptu cooks only discovered on
attempting to eat the cooked viand that he had mistaken
and mixed ground plaster for flour.

In these early days of our island life foraging was, to
some extent, authorized. Capt. Dayton, duly armed with
a pass or order, took out a party, but found so much more
poverty than potatoes that his compassion prevailed and
he returned empty-handed. Later a family with ten chil-
dren was found sick, naked and hungry. Company ‘G,’
of the 23rd, furnished rations and contributed two large
bags of clothing.

9 Feb. ’62. “Had charge of a squad which took a rebel
Captain, Lieutenant and two others to search for the killed
and wounded of a party which landed during our fight at
the battery and attempted to resist our march towards the
upper part of the island. We found the Orderly-Sergeant
dead, with six or eight wounds. The night before, our
men had buried four of the captain’s company and, on the
10th, another was found, wounded in the leg, who had lain
56 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

out in the woods near forty hours.”* Probably men of the
2nd N. Carolina, whose Lt. Col., Wharton J. Green, re-
ports a loss of three killed and five injured in an action
with the 21st Mass. His report of loss to the 21st
“learned from themselves” must have been misunderstood.

On the evening of the 9th a report that the prisoners
were planning a revolt, gained credence. The 23rd was
ordered to sleep on its arms. The gun-crew was turned
out. The gun was put in position before Col. Kurtz’s
quarters and the mountain-howitzer belonging to the 24th
M. V. I. was put near it in charge of your historian. We
made a brave show to all who did not know that the guns
were not loaded and that all the ammunition was in the
Colonel’s quarters. The night passed without further in-
cident than that the howitzer’s crew awoke to the situa-
tion and claimed their piece. Perhaps our evident prep-
aration prevented the rise. More probably our three
thousand disarmed prisoners had no idea of rising against
three times their number of well-armed men. Success
could not have availed much on an island so completely
under control of our navy. ;

Lack of “transportation,” by which my military readers
will understand horses and wagons, hampered us not a
little. When the 23rd’s knapsacks were brought on shore
they were drawn to camp in a cart to which, for want of
animals, a dozen of our prisoners were hitched. The
huge landing-stage, which, some of us will recollect, was
abuilding near us just before we left the Highlander,
proved but of temporary use. Going to pieces in a gale,
it was replaced by a permanent wharf.

14 Feb. Battalion drill under Col. Kurtz, who was

 

8 Diary of Jno. D. Parsons, Corp. of ‘I?
THE PRISONERS. 57

riding the fine stallion given him by Col. Shaw and said
to have been valued at $2,000.00.

The motley crowd of prisoners in charge of the first
brigade was near our own number, and, beside occupying
barracks that we needed, was thought to call for a guard
of 160 posts, which made guard duty, even by regiments,
very onerous. So we were right glad to see them filing
out of their quarters with their huge rolls of carpet-
blanket bedding on their backs. The 23rd escorted 500 of
them to the Spaulding. On the 17th, and next day, 1,000
were guarded by the 25th. Another duty that fell tothe 23rd
was discharging the captured muskets. A. J. Tibbets of
‘F’ had long reason to remember the ugly wound he got
in the forehead from the breech-pin of a piece which burst
in his hands.

22 Feb., 62. The 23rd was ordered away in full
marching order. Had gone about a mile, in a drenching
rain, when we were overtaken by an aid with a counter-
mand and returned to barracks.

26 Feb. First appearance of regimental pioneer corps.

A letter of this date runs as follows: “We have set-
tled down into so quiet a life in barracks that the days
slip by and leave one little to note. Reveille wakes me,
from sound sleep, between Corporals C. and W. in a broad
bedstead-like bunk spread deep with pine-needles, to roll
call and coffee without rolls. Company drill uses up the
forenoon, and leaves us in no pleasant frame of mind on
the question of tree-stumps. The rebels cleared the ground
neatly enough for ordinary parade or slovenly drill, but
thirteen inches from breast to back leaves too little chance
to escape tripping over roots. Battalion or brigade drill
come, after dinner, in a field, near by, which spreads, flat
and square, over forty acres and has, on its southern
58 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

border, a fine live-oak which looks like a huge Baldwin
apple-tree in full leaf. Toward night comes dress parade
and for an hour the air resounds to the music of the three
best bands in the division, those of the 23rd, 24th and
25th Mass.

Now there is a difference in dress parades. At Lynn-
field we easily satisfied ourselves and our uncritical civilian
spectators; at Annapolis we did our best, but seldom
under the stimulus of outside judgment ; here, the man who
winks or shifts his weight to ease an aching corn disgraces
a regiment. We have more room in barracks. Corp. C. has
made us a table and benches so that Corp. W. and I can
beat him and Serg. L. at our evening whist — when military
discussion is not too loud around the Sibley stove,
mounted on a half barrel of earth, in the middle of the
room.”

23 Feb., Sunday. Union services were held by Chap-
lains Clark, 23rd, Mellen, 24th, and James, 25th. At 3
P. M. Roanoke Cemetery was consecrated with appropriate
ceremony. Gilmore’s 24th band furnished the music.

5 Mch., 62. Capt. W.B. Alexander of ‘E,’ who
remained with his company in command of the steamer
Hussar, received orders from Gen. Foster to proceed with
his steamer to the mouth of the Alligator River and seize and
send down a schooner concealed in a creek some four or five
miles up the river. Q. M. Goldthwait and Serg. Maj. John-
son brought the order and, with two natives for guides, ac-
companied the expedition as volunteers. They reached the
mouth of the river by 5 p.m. but waited till quite dark before
dispatching the launch, with forty men fully armed and a four
pounder mounted forward, under command of Lt. Atwood
and the steamer’s boat under Mr. Ward, the first officer,
with the volunteering officers and the guides. On the
  
 

Capt. A. Center.

Col. A. Elwell.

  

Capt. W. C. Sawyer. Capt. W. B. Alexander.
THE GIDEON. 59

steamer all hands were on the alert, a strong party ready
to lend assistance if needed, and the guns loaded and run
out. Soon after sunrise the boat-party returned towing
the schooner Cornelia Dunkirk of about 50 tons burthen
with all equipments in good order. She had been found
stowed away in a creek and so covered and hidden with
bushes, etc., as to defy easy discovery. By nine o’clock
she was sent off to Roanoke with the volunteer officers,
the guides, and men enough to man her.

Hardly had she started when a gunboat came in sight,
from the direction of Plymouth, with guns run out and
men at quarters ready for action. After satisfying them-
selves of the friendliness of the Hussar, an officer from
the gunboat boarded her and explained that they had
supposed her to be a rebel gunboat which had been in the
habit of coming out of the Scuppernong river, and, after
reconnoitering a bit, dodging back. Although beyond
his instructions, Capt. Alexander took the suggestion of the
gunboat officer and ran some twenty miles up the river in
search of the rebel. They saw nothing of the rebel-
steamer but came in sight of good store of turkeys,
chickens, eggs, etc., on what they naturally considered a
rebel plantation. On their return they met the “ Picket”
sent to look for them, and to hasten their return to
Roanoke where they found the right wing of the 23rd
already embarked and the left wing waiting for them.
Gen. Foster administered a mild scolding to the Captain
for going beyond his orders but wished him better luck
next time.

The schooner was that known in the regiment as the
“Gideon.” She did valuable service in the Quarter
Master’s department. She was commanded by Landel
T. Smith of ‘C.’ In April, 62, Shaw of ‘A,’ Thomas
60 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

of ‘F,’ Jeffs of ‘G’ and Burnham of ‘I’ “now acting
as seamen on board Q. M. schooner Triump” were or-
dered to Captain Smith for duty. 13 May,’62. Captain
(sic) Smith and all others on board the “ Gideon” were
ordered to report to their company commanders. She
seems to have ended her days as a sort of wharf-boat or
landing-stage at Hatteras.

Gen. Wise had the following estimate of the impor-
tance and value, in a military point of view, of Roanoke
Island. ,

“It was the key to all the rear defences of Norfolk. It unlocked
two sounds (Albermarle and Currituck); eight rivers (North, West,
Pasquotank, Perquimans, Little, Chowan, Roanoke and Alligator);
four canals (the Albermarle and Chesapeake, Dismal Swamp, North-
west and Suffolk); and two railroads (the Petersburg and Norfolk
and Seaboard and Roanoke). . . . It should have been defended
at the expense of 20,000 men and of many millions of dollars.”
CHAPTER IV.

LANDING AT SLOCUM’S CREEK. THE MARCH THROUGH THE MUD. THE
BATTLE. CASUALTIES. LT. COL. MERRITT.

Tue right wing went, 6 Mch., ’62, on board the High-
lander and waited, at anchor, through four days of raw
northerly wind. 10th. The Gideon took off our cum-
bersome deck-load. Some of the fleet got under-way.

11th. The brisk north wind continued and bothered
the steamers when they attempted to turn their tows, of
two or three schooners, to our southern course. Finally,
this was accomplished and we started, towing from the
port paddle-box of the steamer New York, while hawsers
from other transports were made fast to her stern and
other paddle-box. This was all very well while we had
plenty of sea-room. In passing through the “ Marshes”
— the narrow passage from Croatan to Pamlico Sound —
the New York caught on the bottom and lay helpless
under our jib-boom. Capt. Dayton ran and cut our
hawser just in time to enable us to sheer clear, except for
a parting scratch from our boat-davit. The other tow
ran into the steamer. We made sail and ran off. Run-
ning free over smooth water showed the Highlander’s best
points. With our consort, the Gideon, we overtook and
passed all the fleet and reached Hatteras but little after
the gunboats.

12th. Few, who were there, can forget the balmy
Spring morning on which we moved slowly towards New
Berne, enjoying meanwhile a huge mail from home. In
the afternoon we got up a larger crew for the 12 pounder.

(61)
62 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

13th. Through some misunderstanding the 23rd was,
half an hour, late in answering the signal to land, but we
were not unprepared, and, on receiving our orders, very
soon joined the long strings of boats as at Roanoke.

Perhaps I can not do better than quote from a letter of
the time. “ Getting the whole gun-crew together, at about
11.30, we commenced that eventful twenty-four hours, at
end of which our forces had taken all their boasted defences
and driven the rebels I know not how far. With twenty-
four men on the ropes, with promise of good travelling and
a short road, we started out bravely. Soon we over-
took the howitzers from the gunboats. A friendly trial
of speed ensued. The blue-jackets bantered us with of-
fers to report our progress. Capt. Dayton was deter-
mined not to risk being left in the reserve, as at Roanoke,
and, when a strip of beach came in our route, turned us
on to the hard bottom in ancle-deep water. In that mile
of amphibious travel we distanced our friends, who per-
sisted in pulling through the dry sand above high-water
mark, and we saw no more of them till they joined us on
the battle field.

A deserted cavalry-camp, with ample stores and break-
fast still smoking on the table, was soon passed. Soon
after this our troubles began. Persistent rain and the
trampling army turned the road into a mortar-bed. We
got some help from companies of the regiment halting on
the roadside for other companies to overtake them. I
went ahead to find the most available track among the
trees and stumps. The real road was by this time marked
by the deepest mud. When our own exertions would have
been of little avail, we welcomed the aid of a yoke of oxen,
sent back for the purpose by officers in advance. They
pulled the gun over a rise of some ten feet in thirty, with
twelve to fourteen inches of stiff, tenacious clay. So the
BIVOUAC BEFORE NEW BERNE. 63

day wore away and darkness found the task incomplete.
Gun and regiment were together and whole companies, re-
lieving one another by short shifts, kept them so. Past
troops, already enjoying their envied rest and the comfort
of blazing fires, we plodded till our assigned place was
reached and, until, in the woods, a little to the left of
the road,—though we were not aware of it, dangerously
near, if not directly under, the fire of the enemy’s guns,—
we too rested.”

Very few of us were, I fancy, aware, ere the speedy
sleep of exhaustion came to us amid all the discomforts of
that rainy bivouac, how much we had done. Gen. Burn-
side says in his report: “The effecting of the landing
and the approach to within a mile and a half of the ene-
my’s works on the 13th, I consider as great a victory as
the engagement of the 14th.”

But little time for eating was left, for those who waited
for daylight to get breakfast, before a rattling volley
towards the front started us toward it. As we moved
along the narrow road, the sound of a field piece, with its
resulting missile ricocheting along an open field to our
right, was an earnest of the impending battle. Shortly,
Gen. Foster, who had been spying through the morning
mists, met us, and, personally, telling Capt. Dayton that a
single gun commanded the road, asked him to silence it.
It was now but avery little way to our edge of the cleared
space before the enemy’s works. We hulted among the
trees on the edge of the wood and opened fire.

Gen. Foster’s single gun developed into a battery.
Not less than three guns, at first at least, paid us special
attention. The heavy and well sustained musketry of
the brigade at either side of us, and, after a little, the
fire of the other howitzers, as they came up, made some
diversion.
64 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Edward S. Waters, C. E., of Salem, Mass., who served
on Gen. Burnside’s staff for most of the war, and, with a
Lieut. Raymond, bearer of dispatches to Gen. Burnside,
shared all our experiences that day, had the curiosity to
measure the distance afterwards, and found it 1000 feet.
Have sometimes wondered whether any but enthusiastic
greenhorns would have undertaken to serve a gun just
there.®

We were loading from the leather passing-cases, slung
around the necks of some of the crew, and were dis-
gusted to find that the wooden ammunition boxes, brought
with so much toil through yesterday’s mud, were all filled
with shells, and that we had no reserve of powder. The
missiles, which seemed to fill the air, had made their
mark on only two of the gun crew, and, at that, only on
their clothing. Something struck or grazed a button on
Capt. Dayton’s breast and compelled him, in spite of a
determined effort to remain, to turn the piece over to his
second in command, and to go to the rear for treatment and
powder. There was but one cartridge left, and, when
that was used, nothing to be done but put our bodies and
ammunition-boxes behind the biggest trees, haul the gun
into a place of comparative safety and await events.
Something of an aggravation to us, sheltered from the
direct fire, was the cross fire from our gunboats. Huge
shells came up from the river, heralded by a roar like that
of an express train, and, exploding, scattered their frag-
ments at our feet.

The 23rd regiment, following us up the road, filed into
the woods and, after passing the 27th Mass., went “into

 

* Mr. Waters’s map, which, he tells me, was made hurriedly, and, for the battle
field proper, depends on some “rough horseback surveys” has been corrected from
a map in the War of the Rebellion, Ser. I, Vol. IX, p. 248, from another by S. M.
Allis, Co. K, 27th M. V. I, and from other sources.
 

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BATTLE OF NEW BERNE. 65

line” on the left of that regiment. The woods were too
thick for the exact execution of such an order and some
left flank companies were for a time separated.

Capt. Raymond of ‘G,’ in a letter to the Salem Register,
says: “ We left bivouac about 6.30 and marched by right
flank about a mile or so. Supposing some of the regi-
ments were still ahead of us, you may judge of our sur-
prise when we received the first fire of the enemy’s battery.
Grape, canister and shell all playing about us in great
quantities. By the movement at the head of the column,
I supposed the order had been given ‘Into line on first
company’ and, accordingly, undertook to half-wheel and
forward into line, but found that the companies on the
right were marching by the left (file left) into the woods.
After marching some distance across a hollow, we halted,
formed line and marched with fixed bayonets, with the
batteries still some distance ahead.” :

In Co. ‘ C’ the principal loss was from a shell which ex-
ploded in the ranks. The line was hardly, if quite,
formed when a round shot, or shell, hit Lt. Col. Mer-
ritt and, horribly lacerating the anterior walls of his ab-
domen, killed him.

The regimental line, found to be exposed to a flanking
fire from Fort Thompson, on the left of the enemy’s line,
was slightly withdrawn. In their new place they kept up
a brisk fire till their ammunition was nearly exhausted.
They were relieved by the 11th Conn. Again slightly
withdrawn, they lay with fixed bayonets till the charge,
and then entered the works with the rest of the brigade.

On the way to the city, Co’s ‘A’ and ‘F’ skirmished in ad-
vance looking in vain for the enemy who was already far
on the way towards Kinston on the cars specially pro-
vided for his speedy retreat. Lieut. Bates, with a squad
of Co. ‘F’, captured one Dr. West, claiming to be from

5
66 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

New Rochelle, N. Y., and Surg. C. 8S. A. His horse was
ridden through the war by Col. Chambers. On approach-
ing the burning railroad bridge, the 23rd was ordered into
camp on the right of the track. The men were soon
started up again, embarked on the steamer Delaware, car-
ried around the city, landed at the railroad wharf and
marched to the Fair Ground where they occupied the de-
serted camp of the 35th N. C.

To finish the record of the artillerists. Shortly after
the charge, Capt. Dayton returned and we went into the
enemy’s works in the wake of the infantry. We tried to
use the wounded and abandoned horses to pull the gun,
but for lack of harness, could not make them of much
avail. Getting over to the railroad track, we put the gun
on a platform car, and a company of the 51st N. Y. easily
pulled us up to the burning bridge over the Trent.

Not permitted to cross, we occupied a switch-man’s
shanty at the southern end. Here we remained several
days, eking out our rations with fresh beef,— pistolled
within a stone’s throw of our quarters,— and qualifying its
laxative effect with some exquisite Madeira found in de-
serted cellars across the river. When, finally, the Hus-
sar’s launch was sent for the gun, her steersman managed
to find one of the “ Yankee catchers” as the rebels called
the sharpened piles set aslant in the river for the very
purpose. A handy tar on the landing stage soon calked
the holes with rebel cotton and we made the trip without
mishap.

Col. Kurtz, in his report of the battle, says, “ particu-
larly Capt. E.G. Dayton of the schooner Highlander,
who volunteered to command the 12-pounder howitzer,
the persevering manner in which he and his men drew the
gun through the mud, in many places knee deep, and the
very gallant manner in which they served it. . . met my
GUN-CREW AT NEW BERNE. 67

warmest approbation. They made every shot tell and
had, nearly or quite, fired their last charge before they re-
ceived any support.”

GuN-cREW aT New BERNE.

E. G. Dayton of schr. Highlander, Captain. :
James A. Emmerton, Corporal. Co. F.
Edward C. Blossom, Private. Co. A.
William C. Cummings, “ “ke
John L. Foss, “ “eee
William A. Gove, be be
Gilman S. Higley, “ 6 ke
Caleb Shaw, “ “ee
Leroy S. Chamberlain, 6c “RB,
William B. Bessom, “ oe
Lemuel F. Estey, “ “te
Charles W. Taylor, “ cc ke
Melvin Sawyer, “ “ Dp,
Isaac S. Peckham, “e “ee
Benjamin Sprague, “ “ee
Leander Washburn, ‘ oc oes
John Gray, “ oR
Samuel S. Hooper, “ be
Geo. E. Osgood, “ ‘ck
Samuel S. Southward, “ ke
Geo. E. Burns, “ « 7,
Thomas F. Porter, “ “ce

Cutter, Miller, Wilson, Winslow of the schooner’s crew.

Capt. Erastus G. Dayton’s injury proved more serious
than seemed probable at first. It compelled him, by mid-
summer of 1862, to give up his command and go home for
treatment. In December of that year he was put in com-
mand of the steamer “Monitor,” hospital transport be-
tween the Carolinas and Washington. 9 March, 1863.
By the help of Gen. Burnside he was appointed Acting
Ensign in the Navy and ordered, in June, to the * Wissa-
hickon” off Charleston. He had charge of a boat in the
ill-fated attack on Sumter, 8 Sept. ’63, when our whole
force was captured.
68 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

With his fellow officers he was confined in jail at Col-
umbia, S. C. They were well treated and permitted to
obtain, by flag of truce, such comforts as their friends at
home could supply. The mere confinement, even under
these comfortable circumstances, was more than the Cap-
tain’s ardent spirit could endure. In company with an
army officer, he escaped, one stormy night, and started for
our lines in Tennessee. Space fails me to recount all the
hardships endured in this attempt. Suffice it to say, he had
reached within twenty-one miles of our lines and safety,
when he was recaptured and reconsigned to rebel prisons.
Ten of these, in turn, received him, till, at last, a mere
skeleton, he reached Libby. Here his old comrades at Col-
umbia heard of him, and secured his return to them. He
was exchanged in October, ’64, and allowed three months
leave of absence. He was then ordered to the “ Nereus”
and, as a volunteer, was prominent in the attack on Fort
Fisher. He served till the end of the war, and after mus-
ter out, found employment on shore. He never recovered
from the effects of his wound, but, when he applied for a
pension, was refused, on the ground that when wounded he
was in the Quarter-Master’s Department! He lived at The
Forge, Cairo, Greene Co., N. Y. During a visit to a sis-
ter at Brooklyn, N. Y., he had an attack of pneumonia,
and died 12 April, 1879, leaving a widow, one son and a
daughter. Mrs. Dayton has secured by special bill, a pen-
sion of $15.00 a month as widow of an Acting Ensign.

CASUALTIES AT NEW BERNE.

KILLED.
Merritt, Henry, Lieut. Col.
Gray, Charles H., Corporal, Co.
Morey, William, Private, “6

Potter, Walter A., “6 “
Churchill, Joseph L., “ 6
Ryan, James, “ ‘“
Sillers, Donald, “ &

AREDOP
CASUALTIES AT NEW BERNE.

DIED OF WOUNDS.

Vasconcellos, Matthew,
Cavanagh, Charles,
Wallis, William, 2nd,
Williams, James E.,
Pillsbury, Wilson M.,

Fisher, Geo. A.,
Winslow, William H.,
Andrews, William A.,
Kelly, James W.,
Paine, Joseph A., Jr.,
Chenniel, Moses J.,
Cuthbertson, Hugh,
Fenton, Patrick,
Mears, Henry C.,
Millett, Arthur C.,
Blatchford, Charles,
Butler, Frank,
Atwood, Francis W.,
Buffington, Hiram §&.,
Chapdellan, Oliver,
Day, Charles,

Flint, Samuel,

Almy, Allen,
Bowman, Joshua B.,
Hillman, Alexander H.,
Jennings, Edward F.,
Johnson, Samuel,
Lake, Noah J.,
Morse, Artemas,
Sears, Charles H.,
Alexander, Wm. B.,
Terry, John D.,
Burbank, Asaph S.,
Thayer, Benjamin,
Robbins, Louis L.,
Brooks, Samuel H.,
Brown, Ezra,
Cummings, Edward,
Pinkham, Wm. A.,
Dodge, James,

Barry, Patrick,

WOUNDED.

Private,
ee
“ce
“cc

2nd Lt.,
Sergeant,
Corporal,

Private,
cc

66
“ce
“cc

oe

Sergeant,
Corporal,

oe
Private,

cc

“cc

ec

“ee

Corporal,

Private,

sé

ce

Captain,
Sergeant,
Corporal,

Private,
Corporal,

Private,
“ac

“ce

oc

Corporal,
Private,

Co.

ce

“ec

Cc.
D.
G.

“cc

H.
70 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Glidden, John, Private, Co. G.
Sawyer, Wesley C., Captain, 66, 0 Hs
Taylor, Walter, Private, Bio
Willard, James M., ae eae ee
Foss, John C., ie ee. Ks.
Curtis, Charles H., se sc OK,

Priv. C. H. Adams, carrying a message from Gen. Fos-
ter to Capt. Daniel Messenger, was taken prisoner and,
with him, Captain Messenger’s horse and outfit.

Henry Merritt son of David and Anne (Ashby) was
born in Marblehead, Mass., 4 June, 1819. 14 March,
1836. He enlisted in the Salem Mechanic Light Infan-
try, and, from that date, his connection with the militia
service of his state was unbroken, till he was commis-
sioned to represent her as Major of the 23rd M. V. Infy.
From Ist Serg. of the Mechanics he was promoted to 1st
Lieut. and Adjutant of the 6th M. V. M., acted many
years in this capacity, and, following his Colonel, Joseph
Andrews, when promoted to command of a brigade, he
became Brigade Major and Inspector. He served in this
capacity while Gen. Andrews commanded Fort Warren.

* He served an apprenticeship to the watchmaker’s trade,
with Jesse Smith, of Salem, and followed this trade for
several years after becoming of age. He afterwards be-
came a partner in the Express business with his father
and brothers. Endearing himself to the regiment by
his gentle thoughtfulness for its welfare at Lynnfield and
Annapolis, he knit these bonds stronger by the self-sacri-
fice, which denied himself till the wants of the men were
supplied, and, by the hardiness which made light of night-
trips in row boats across the stormy waters of Hatteras.
Men noted his coolness under fire at Roanoke, and his

 

10 An obituary of his much respected father and a sketch of the family may be
found in Hist. Coll. Essex Inst., Vol. IV, p. 229.
 

LT. COL. HENRY MERRITT.
LIEUT.-COL. MERRITT. 71

cheery persistence in their struggle through its swamp,
and, when word of the loss of the Lt. Col. passed along the
line at New Berne, men mourned for they “loved him as
a father.”

As intimated above, Lt. Col. Merritt received his fatal
wound very early in the action. The formation of the
regiment, on the right company, had hardly proceeded
beyond two companies, when he saw something which
needed attention, and started from the flank to attend to
it. As he passed along in the rear of so many of his fel-
low townsmen his affable remarks and courteous answers
leave several with the impression that they heard his last
words. One of those who bore him from the field sent
to the newspapers a statement that the wounded officer
had returned an intelligent “Yes,” to the query whether
he was ready to meet his Saviour. Others think this im-
possible. The nature and extent of the wound make it,
at best, improbable.

His body, under charge of Sergt. Maj. Daniel H. John-
son, Jr., reached Boston at 5 P.M. on the 19th. Adj.
Gen. W.S. Schouler, A.A.G. William Brown of Salem, a
committee of the Salem City Government and many friends
assembled to meet it. In charge of an Escort of Honor,—
Maj. Newton and other commissioned officers of the 2nd
Battalion, M. V. M., detailed at Headquarters,—it was
taken, across the city, to the Eastern Railroad Station
where a special train had been provided by Supt. Pres-
cott. The funeral car was appropriately draped and car-
ried the inscription, in gold letters:

* Lt. Col. Henry Merritt. We mourn his loss.”

On Friday, the 21st of March, 1862, Salem, the home
of his adoption and long residence, paused and put aside
all her usual vocations, to honor her patriot dead. At an
72 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

early hour hundreds went to his late residence for a last
look at their departed friend. He lay clad in the loose
military overcoat which he had worn to the field. His
face, singularly natural and fair, bore the aspect of sleep
rather than of death. When the hour came for removal to
a church for the public service, a friend stepped forward
to cover the face. The Colonel’s aged mother, even then
nearly fourscore, gently interposed and performed this
last service with the remark, “My son, I have covered
you many times before in your cradle, now I do it for the
last time and with the flag of your country.”

The following lines, suggested by the incident, may
be found in the Boston Evening Transcript of the 27th
March, 1862.

THE MOTHER OF LT. COL. MERRITT.
BY CHISLON4.

Round the precious clay they gather
That away must soon be hid

From the eye of fond affection,
Underneath the coffin-lid.

One long look of love is given,

— ’Tis the last they can bestow,—
They the cherished face must cover,
And, in sorrow, turn to go.

But the gentle mother, — bowing
*Neath the weight of grief and pain,—
Gazing on the placid features,

Bids them from the task refrain.

‘* Many times thy form I’ve covered,
In thine innocence, my son,

And, to-day, this last sad duty,

By thy mother shall be done.”

 

11 Rev. Augustine Caldwell of Ipswich.
THE FUNERAL. 13

Then she calmly took the standard,
He so nobly did uphold,

Gently spread it o’er the sleeper,—
Wrapped him in its starry fold.
Precious faith, that made that mother
Sweetly bow to God’s dear will.
Precious faith, that in that hour

Bade the aching heart “be still.”

Faith, that pointed through the darkness,
To the realm of light above,

Where the tender Father gathers

All the children of His love.

Happiness awaits that mother,

A new joy to her is given;

One the less on earth to love her

One the more to greet in heaven.

Few of the assembled company could have imagined
that the meeting suggested in the last verse could be de-
layed for more than twenty years, and that the already
aged mother would have lingered here till she had reached
within a little span, her five score years.

-The local newspapers, from which much of the preced-
ing account has been drawn, also record the imposing
public ceremony with which Salem honored her illustrious
dead. Not only were all available troops on escort duty
but the people, in great numbers, thronged the South
Church, where services were conducted by the Rev. G.
D. Wildes, and afterwards, in spite of a cold storm, fol-
lowed, in long procession, the remains of their fellow-
townsman to his untimely grave.

Col. Merritt’s almost life-long comrades of the Salem
Mechanic Light Infantry resolved “ that — commencing his
career as a soldier in our ranks, a quarter of a century
ago, he has ever been regarded by us with affection, con-
fidence and respect, in the various military positions of
74 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

honor and usefulness to which his energy and patriotism
have advanced him.”

The City Council of Salem, at a special meeting called
by Mayor Webb, resolved “that —we bear cheerful testi-
mony to the great worth of Col. Merritt, as a man of
honor and integrity, whose private life was without blem-
ish; as an exemplary and patriotic citizen, who at the call
of his country freely offered his life in defence of her lib-
erties and, as a soldier and officer, who has fallen, in the
front of battle, in upholding the honor of our National
flag.”

When Captain Sawyer of ‘H’ was well enough, after
the amputation of his left thigh, to start for home, Gen.
Burnside, not only went with him to the boat, but, took
personal care that he was comfortably lodged and properly
attended. To the Captain’s verbal offer to resign his com-
mission, General Burnside turned a deaf ear; asserting
that he would hear nothing about resignation, at least,
until a proper pension had taken its place. From New
York homeward, the tender interest of the people in their
wounded soldiers, never, indeed, lacking, but, in that
early spring of 1862, not yet dulled by the use of the fol-
lowing ensanguined years, struck our crippled Captain
very forcibly.

As soon as he could hobble out with crutches, his ser-
vices were called upon to encourage enlistments from the
platform. On the 19th of September he was appointed, by
Special Order, No. 916, from Head Quarters at Boston,

Jommandant of Camp Stevens at Groton Junction, Mass.
Acting as a detailed officer of the 23rd Mass., he organ-
ized the 53rd Mass. Vol. Militia and by his usefulness here
somewhat reconciled his former comrades to the loss of
his valuable services in camp and field.

After he resigned, he travelled and studied in Europe
GOV. JOHN A. ANDREW. 5

some four years. He was for some time a professor at
Lawrence University, Appleton, Wisconsin. For two
years he has been Director of the District. Teachers’ Insti-
tute and Professor at the Normal School, at Oshkosh, Wis-
consin. He received the degree Ph.D. from Gottingen in
1870.

In acknowledging, under date of 20 March, ’62, the re-
ceipt of the flag captured by the 23rd at New Berne, Gov.
John A. Andrew says, “The people of this state—Col-
onel — watch the achievements of their gallant regiments
in N. Carolina, with feelings of such pride and admiration,
as, if you could realize them, would be a partial compen-
sation for your labors and your losses. Your command-
ing General, in whose impartiality, as well as gallantry,
I have a perfect confidence, testifies to me most earnestly
concerning the bravery, good discipline and good morals
of every Massachusetts regiment in his Division. He
looks to them as the backbone of his whole command.
We look to them as eloquent witnesses testifying that the
past fifty years of peaceful industry and mercantile pur-
suits did not emasculate the high tone and spirit of our
people, and that our common schools have been the nur-
series of brave soldiers as well as honest citizens... .

I have heard with the deepest regret of the death of
Lieut. Colonel Merritt, an officer whose gentle and manly
deportment (which I had an opportunity to observe in the
camp) satisfied me that he possessed, in a large measure,

those qualities which make a soldier admirable in the
field.”
CHAPTER V.

RECONNOISSANCES. PICKET DUTY. WOUNDED SENT HOME. JACKSON.
‘(THE NEW BERNE PROGRESS.” THE TYPHOID FEVER.
BATCHELDER’S CREEK. THE RED HOUSE.

 

15 March, 1862. Capt. John Hobbs of Co. ‘I’ 23rd “be-
gan to bestir himself quite early last Saturday morning.
By the time reveille was beaten he had seized 500 bbls. of
rosin, 100 bbls. of spirits of turpentine and 75 bales of
cotton.”

*On Monday, Lieut. Hart, of ‘D,’ 23rd was detached for
scouting and succeeded in capturing a heavy battery of
two heavy guns just across the river from this camp.”

16 March, ’62. While the 23rd, by order of Gen.
Burnside, accompanied by the 25th Mass., attended Divine
Service, conducted by Chaplain James of the 25th, a party
of 160 made up of Co. ‘ A,’ and detachments of ‘D’ and‘ F’
(30 from ‘F’) were sent on a reconnoissance under Capt.
Brewster of Co. ‘A’ as far as Batchelder’s Creek, where
they found the bridge burnt. On the way, they found
a freight car, derailed and deserted, and its contents, of
household goods, private papers, etc., scattered far and
wide. The party was told of two guns hidden in the
woods by the retreating enemy. With the assistance of
some negroes, who brought mules, these were secured
and brought in. They were, according to the “Progress,”
a large iron gun and a 24-lb. howitzer and had been
spiked. ‘We went to one plantation which the master
had left with the niggers. One old woman was half

 

12 New Berne Progress, 22 Mch., '62.

(76)
OUTPOST DUTY. V7

crazed with joy when shesawus. She held up both hands
and kept saying ‘Rejoicing.’ That was all we could get
her to say. We had hot corn-cake, honey and eggs.”
The party returned by sunset with its spoils. This is, if
nothing else, pretty good marching.

20th. A party went out under Capt. Brewster starting
at 3 A. M., to capture rebel pickets. Captures were con-
fined to mules, poultry, etc. A  silk-flag was found at
Harrison’s by Lt. C. S. Emmerton, which, although hand-
some when new, was made of such materials that it fell
to pieces ina few years. It was hoped that rebel cavalry,
which had “ gobbled ” three of the 51st Pa., the day before,
would try to repeat the experiment on the 23rd Mass.
Perhaps the bait was too large. The column reached
camp at 8 P.M. “wet through and with mud to their
knees.”

21st. Review by Gen. Burnside. The 23rd afterwards
marched through the principal streets, visited the hospi-
tals, etc. 23rd. ‘A,’‘F,’*D’ and ‘B,’ under Capt. Mar-
tin started on a three days tour of duty on the outposts,
and reached the camp of the 27th Mass., some ten miles
out on the Trent road. 24th. Went out to Deep Gulley.
Many “contrabands ” came in through the lines. In the
afternoon they were ordered back to Jackson’s (where they
remained till relieved by 10th Conn. after dark on the 26th),
by Capt. Potter of Gen. Burnside’s staff who came up with
“ten mounted men”—these were men of Belger’s battery,
our only cavalry in those days.—“ This was our first
picket, and the writer was the first officer detailed for that
duty.”

The rest of the regiment, except Co. ‘H,’ left at camp
as guard, went out on the Neuse road. Four companies

 

3 Lt. C. H. Bates of ‘F.’
78 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

were posted at cross roads some five miles out, while Co.
*C,’ was sent out to outpost duty at Batchelder’s Creek.
They found the quarters deserted and unvisited except by
our own party a week before.

All good things, which may be summed up as the milk
and honey of North Carolina, were abundant, and the am-
ple quarters and facilities for cooking were appreciated by
men who had not been so comfortable since they left An-
napolis. They heard nothing from the enemy and felt safe
enough with one post out in the daytime and four at night.
When, on the third day, orders were received to fall
back on their reserve, the pang of parting with their cher-
ished supplies was “most tolerable, and not to be en-
dured.” Their only vehicle was a cart-body without
wheels. Getting this upon the railroad track, they loaded
it with provisions, and, while some pulled or pushed, others
soaped the ways and struggled to keep the awkward sled
in place. It was hard work, and when they reached the
overturned box-car, with its load of household stuff, de-
serted by the runaways of the 14th, they lost no time in
putting one set of its wheels on the tracks, and, mounting
the cart-body on them, went on their way rejoicing.
They found the reserve alarmed, needlessly as it proved,
by their improvised cavalry videttes, and, next day, re-
lieved by the 10th Conn., the 23rd battalion returned to
its camp on the Fair Ground.

22 March, ’62. The wounded from the battle at New
Berne were divided into three classes. Slight wounds
which could manage themselves; the more severe that
could still bear removal to the North, and those which
must still stand their chance in a Southern hospital. The
first class was sent on board the steamer “ Louisiana.”
The second, was taken to the * New Brunswick” under
general charge of Capt. E. G. Dayton with J. B. Upham,
WOUNDED SENT NORTH. q9

M.D., of Boston, Contract (volunteer?) Surgeon, Corp-
oral J. A. Emmerton of the 23rd with Corporal B. W.
Mayo of ‘I,’ 25th Mass. and privates Paris Smith of
ae? Elijah Rockwood of ‘B,’ J. R. Barber of 'D,’ Sam.
Hartwell of ‘F,’ G. J. Fayerweather of ‘G,’ Eben Mitch-
ell of ‘H’ and Nathl. Drury of ‘K;’ all of 25th, attend-
ants and nurses. At the Swash, thirteen of the first class
were taken from the “ Louisiana” on board the New Bruns-
wick.” Of the voyage, it may suffice to say that the boat
afforded ample space, and, the troubled waters of Hatteras
once left astern, pushed, although, report said, with but
one wheel, so rapidly over the smooth ocean that she
reached the pier at New York in mid-afternoon of the sec-
ond day. Here, many willing hands lightened our task,
and there were few, I fancy, of the wounded that did not
sleep in their own homes on the third night, after leaving
inhospitable Hatteras.

29 March, ’62. Our camp on the “Fair Ground” was
rearranged. The tents were pitched on the former parade.
Men began to long for beans. Ovens were built. In‘A’
they used the grate-bars, from under the boilers of a
burned turpentine distillery near by, to hold up the bricks
and earth of the roof, and, thus easily, secured an effective
oven.

2 April, ’62. The typhoid fever, which raged so se-
verely something later, had already such a hold on the
regiment that the effective force for an expedition was but
300 men, who were arranged in six companies, and for
these but three captains could be found, Martin, Center
and Whipple. This force, accompanied by Lts. Ander-
son and Pendleton of the staff, went, on the “Pilot Boy,”
some sixty miles, down the Neuse, and up Bay River, to
Jackson. They hoped to secure some militia, said to be
encamped there. They reached Jackson at 5 P. M.
80 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Finding no force there and having the most positive
orders to return the same day, they did not land but turned
back and reached New Berne at 11 P. Mm.

4 April. One of the diarists, with more force than ele-
gance, writes, “Sick carted off to hospital ; three wagon-
loads a day.”

9th. Pay-day was saddened by another attempt at suicide
by private John McCartney of Co. ‘C.’ He, having twice
attempted his life by drowning, was under surveillance.
Taking advantage of the preoccupation natural to the day,
he evaded his watchers, went to the river-bank, and cut
his throat with a razor. He was observed by the sailors
on a neighboring gunboat and taken to hospital where he
died on the 16th.

Co. ‘ F’ again sent home $2697.00

Some account of another regimental enterprise, com-
menced the day after the battle, should no longer be de-
layed. Sergt. Edward L. Davenport of ‘I’ had a finger
in that “pi” from the beginning and, fortunately, published
an account of it in the Zpswich Chronicle.

‘Saturday morning (the day after the battle), in com-
pany with other soldiers, the writer left camp on a forag-
ing expedition. Several deserted houses were visited, in
some of which a supply of native wines was found. But
we were in search of a printing-office and soon were on
the right track. The door was wide open and we entered
but the printers were gone. One or two soldiers were in
the room searching for relics. The floor was covered
with papers. One press was taken to pieces, ready to
move. ‘The balance-wheel had been taken off the small
press, a Gordon. There were two pages of matter, set
and locked up, which we soon had on the press. On the
second impression the press tumbled down. Not to be
foiled by this, we covered a planer with a piece of cloth
 

‘«Progress” Office. Signal Corps Hd.-Qrs.,—1862.

Views in New Berne, N. C. No. 2.
THE NEW BERNE PROGRESS. 81

and with that and a mallet we pounded off something like
a hundred copies of the paper. At this time, a boy, who
had worked on the press, coming in, helped me set up the
press again and we pulled off the first edition. This edi-
tion was that already set up except a triumphant comment
on the following paragraph.

“The signals on the Neuse river, below our batteries, gave notice of
the approach of the enemy yesterday afternoon about five o’clock. A
boat was immediately sent down the river, and, onits return, we were
placed in positive information of the presence of ten steamers and one
large transport (schooner) in the river, only twelve miles below New
Berne, and in a few miles of the blockade. Everything was active,
and preparations were busy here last night, and a battle is expected
to-day and the day will probably decide the fate of New Berne.”

The comment was,

“Friday did it! We have taken New Berne. The en-
emy undertook to burn the town but were unsuccessful.
Yankee Printer.”

That sufficient help might be had, that all might be prop-
erly absent from their companies and might secure their
rations, a proper detail was secured on Sunday and, next
day, the office opened with the following staff. George
Mills Joy, Corp. of Co. ‘I,’ Editor; E. L. Davenport,
Serg. of Co. ‘I,’ Foreman, and privates Benj. F. Arring-
ton, John Gray and A. E. Manning of Co. ‘F,’ Wm. S.
Burbank, Jr., of Co. ‘E,’ Bradford H. Hoyt of Co. ‘H’ and
Simeon T. Swett of Co. ‘I,’ were detailed from the 23rd.

Others were detailed from other regiments at the time,
and, of course, the staff changed as the exigencies of the
service demanded. Corp. John D. Parsons, of Co. ‘I,’ was
detailed to the work in Sept., ’62.

Corp. Joy who, had, before the war, published a paper
at Marlboro, Mass., was promoted to Ist Lieut. in the Ist
N. C. Vols., and in 1864 started “ The North Carolina

6
82 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Times,” at New Berne, died, about 1881, at Eatontown,
New Jersey.

Serg. Edward Little Davenport got back into the line
in time to be wounded at Drury’s Bluff. After his dis-
charge he was editor and proprietor of “ The Ipswich
Chronicle” and afterwards on the staff of “ The Boston
Daily Advertiser.” He was severely hurt by a fall while
leaving a railroad car at Somerville, where he lived, and
died 25 Feb., ’84.

Benjamin F. Arrington, who, after the war, printed
“The Beverly Citizen,” died 9 April, 1871.

John Gray, the efficient chairman of your History Com-
mittee, is of the firm of W. Ware & Co., Publishers, Bos-
ton.

Corp. Parsons, who returned to his trade at Newbury-
port after the war and was one of the oldest printers in
that city, was made City Messenger in ‘68 and Janitor at
the Custom House in ’72. His full and carefully copied
diary has been of great service to your historian. He
died 21 Dec., ’84.

To return to Serg. Davenport’s description.

* We used a room back of the office for kitchen and din-
ing room and slept upstairs. Part of the building was at
first occupied as ahospital. After a time we had more
room. Our furniture, including beds, stove and crockery,
was found in neighboring houses. Our rations were
drawn in bulk, and the surplus was bartered at the shop
for milk, butter, eggs, etc. Sometimes we hired a neg-
ress tocook. Sometimes-we took that duty in turns or
had a cook detailed.

Two did press work, taking turns at pulling and roll-
ing. The others were compositors or worked at job-work.
We put all work possible into the cooler hours, resting
through the mid-day. Our “outsides” were printed the

‘
TYPHOID FEVER. 83

evening previous. We arose at 4 A. M. and generally is-
sued at about 4p. mM. Our edition was about 1200. No
little difficulty was found in securing new matter. Some-
times three weeks passed without a mail from the North.
Once we printed with displayed headings an account of
A GREAT BATTLE taken from the Old Testament.
This found a large sale. At another time of scarcity we
printed the Declaration of Independence. Our “plant”
was helped out with the type, etc., from another office in
town.”

As has been hinted, April, 62 was marked by a great
epidemic of typhoid fever. All, or most, of the regi-
ments in the command suffered, and the general predis-
posing cause was doubtless our long. confinement in the
crowded transports. Dr. Stone writes me that his present
impression is that the epidemic was generally attributed
to the occupation of the deserted camp on the Fair Ground.
This was probably the special cause which sent our sick-
list up into the hundreds.

Surgeon Derby, after his particularly admirable labors
for the regiment, under fire on the battle-field, was ordered
to take charge of the Academy Green Gen. Hosp. in the
city. Asst. Surgeon Stone had, since the battle, been
alone in attending the sick in camp, and, with Dr. Derby,
those in a regimental hospital which had been established
in a dwelling-house in a quarter of the city not far from
the fair-ground.

By the 9th this labor had become too great even for
the indefatigable Stone, and, no other commissioned sur-
geon being attainable in the general epidemic, your histo-
rian, who had enjoyed all the opportunities of medical
instruction which Massachusetts afforded, was detailed to
assume some of the work. His diary of 10 April says,
“There are about 150 well men in the regiment. Stone
84 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

and I were three hours examining, at sick-call, the men
not yet sick enough for hospital.”

The authorities determined to try the effect of a com-
plete change of air. By Gen. Ord., No. 6, 9 April, 62,
Col. Amory commanding brigade—this was Col. T. J.
C. Amory of the 17th Mass., to whom, on the redistribu-
tion of the troops into divisions under Foster, Reno and
Parke, had been assigned a brigade made up of his own
regiment, the 23rd and 25th Mass., and 6th N. H.— or-
dered the 23rd to proceed to-morrow, if fair, if not, the
next fair day, to the railroad bridge over Batchelder’s
Creek for the purpose of repairing said bridge. They
were to be accompanied by a company of artillery with
two field-pieces. Regimental baggage must be trans-
ported on platform cars.

Under this order, the right wing of the 23rd, or less than
200, mostly sick, representing that body, crept slowly
and with frequent halts, —one for lunch on Dr. Lind’s
place, — through groves of stately pines already graced
with the fragrant jasmine, and along fields where the
cause of all our woes might be seen hanging, in tattered
bolls, to last year’s cotton plants. It was a very different
progress from that of the day after the battle when the
same companies easily covered the ground twice.

The right bank of Batchelder’s Creek, at the railroad,
makes what might, in that flat country, almost be called
a bluff. This was crowned by a cottage unpainted but
new, and having an air as if it had been brought whole
from some foreign country — New England, for instance.
This fairly accommodated field and staff. A small room
was the surgery, and the attic, with a few extemporized
beds, made a sort of half-way house from the camp to
the hospitals in the city. Some log-houses, to the rear,
furnished kitchen, mess-room, ete. Co.‘A’ encamped in

e
BATCHELDER’S CREEK. 85

the yard as Head-quarters guard, and Captain Ashcroft’s
guns were mounted near the burnt bridge so as to com-
mand the track towards rebeldom.

The regiment encamped near the track, 100 rods to-
wards New Berne. The next day there was picket-tiring,
about noon, with no special result. About dark the left
wing joined us, and, next day all moved camp across the
track. The enemy was not disposed to let us alone.
Few days passed without some affuir.

14 April at 3.20 a.m. Lt. W. L. Kent of Co. ‘H’ took
out his company to relieve the picket, which had been, as
usual, thrown out to protect the bridge-builders. Soon
after they were established the men at his post, on one of
the narrow wood-roads, aroused the Lieutenant from a con-
templative nap with the word that the enemy were upon
them. He found sometwenty dismounted bushwhackers,
in butternuts and slouched hats, coming towards them and
surprised Johnny Reb. with a demand to surrender. In
answer they “took trees” and sent a harmless volley.
The return fire from the guns of Corp. Austin and priv.
E. H. Stahl killed one and disabled another, who was
helped away by his comrades in headlong flight to their
horses. The dead rebel, who proved to be a private Zim-
merman of a N. Carolina regiment, was brought to camp
and buried with appropriate ceremony. Capt. Hobbs
officiated in place of the absent chaplain.

About this time we were ordered to connect our picket
line with those of the regiments on either flank. After-
wards this order was countermanded and the regiment was
ordered to confine itself to the defence and rebuilding of the
bridge. This had, all the while, been going on under the
supervision of Brig. Q. M. Harris and the direct charge
of Capt. Raymond of'G’ who was, at one time, temporarily
disabled by the fall of a timber across his back and hips.
86 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

16th. Alarm from pickets. The long roll was sounded
and the men turned out to discover that the invaders were
a party of contrabands coming out of the darkness. This
day the first batch of cases of typhoid fever, too serious
for treatment at the outpost, was sent into the city. These
cases originated in the old camp. By this time the tide
had turned and very few new cases occurred.

19th. Large fires in the neighboring woods. Trees,
burned off at the roots, fell with the noise of thunder —
or —field guns. Men slept on their arms against possible
attack under cover of the smoke.

In spite of the almost incessant nagging of our mis-
guided neighbors, up the track, life at Batchelder’s Creek
was not unpleasant. Once or twice we had sharp frosts.
Very frequently the balmy spring mornings were made
musical with the innumerable melody of uncaged mocking

birds.
We were, from a soldier’s point of view, an .easy ride

from the city. Duty or pleasure brought us frequent vis-
itors. Staff officers sent outto inspect and report. Na-
val friends exhibiting the proverbial recklessness of sailors
on horseback. Brig. Surgeon Galloupe with orders and
advice. Surg. Derby for inspection and consultation over
the more difficult cases. Asst. Surg. Stone trying, per-
haps, to stay the early symptoms of the typhoid which
shortly attacked him. Privates, detailed in the depart-
ments, whose official position gave them the occasional
use of their uncle’s horses. All these, with their fresh
news of the world behind us, prevented anything like mo-
notony in our outpost life.

Let us not forget the sotrees musicales held in the west
room at Head-quarters. A piano, borrowed from our
neighbor May and touched by the deft fingers of Melville
Wood, second leader of the regimental band, his violin in
BATCHELDER’S CREEK. 87

the hands of the acknowledged master Andy Wyatt, and
the banjo, thrummed by one of our artillerists, accompan-
ied such vocal talent as could be found in the regiment,
assisted by the plaintive minor of Jenny, the yellow-gal
who came through the lines. Regular eyebrows might
well have gone up in amazement at the mixture of per-
formers and audience.

24 April, 62.“ Anexpedition under Capt. Martin left
camp before daylight, for the purpose of capturing the
euemy’s pickets. On arriving near their station, our force
was discovered by a negro, who gave the alarm, and,
springing to their horses, the rebels made their escape,
receiving a volley from our boys. We secured one of
their horses, nearly all of their arms, blankets, efc., and
returned to camp. None were injured on our side.”

About this time, continuous rain having interrupted the
pleasant weather, orders to move, speedily countermanded,
came in succession and left us, for some days, uncertain
whether we were in camp or in wagons.

29 April. Co. ‘E’ on picket duty under Lt. Ham-
mond, or one post.of it, was surprised and fired at. Priv.
E. B. Braley was killed. Major Elwell reported as fol-
lows.

Head Quarters, 23rd Mass. Vol. Infy.
R. Rd. Bridge, Batchelder’s Creek,
80 April, ’62.

* The picket established by Spec. Order, No. 7, was at-
tacked yesterday. They were posted, in accordance with
the above-mentioned order, one-half mile in advance of
the bridge, deployed on either side of the railroad to the
distance of one-fourth of a mile. About 12 m. a body of
rebel cavalry emerged from the woods and attacked the

 

14 Adj. Gen. Report, 1862.
88 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

extreme right flank, passing between the right group and
the rest of the picket, thus cutting them off.

As far as can be ascertained the enemy numbered about
seventy. The picket opened fire upon those of the enemy
who were in advance, while the enemy returned fire with
a volley of some twenty or thirty shots, killing one man,
three shots penetrating his body. ‘The remainder of the
picket instantly rallied to the spot, and the enemy re-
treated taking with them, probably, the other three belong-
ing to the group, as they are missing. Upon hearing the
report in camp, sufficient force was immediately sent to
the assistance of the picket. The reinforcement made an
advance some two miles through the woods, but nothing
could be heard of our missing or the enemy.”

The affair has given rise to exaggerated stories, but it
was not deemed of sufficient importance to give any alarm
or call for any assistance.

The picket force has been increased to treble its former
numbers, and everything has been quiet since the attack.
The names of the killed and wounded are Edward B.
Braley, Co. ‘EK’, killed, Corp. Hiram J. Lauman and pri-
vates Edward Smith and John Taylor of same company,
missing.”

Respectfully submitted,
(signed) A. ELWELL,
Maj. Comm’d’g.
to Lieut. E. T. Parkinson,
A.A.A.G., 1st Brig., Ist Div.

In early May, —it took two or three days, —we moved
across to the “Red House,” a picket station nearer the
Trent Road. It seldom rains, —and never need —harder

 

15 The reinforcement was Co. ‘A.’, under command of Lt. George R. Emmerton
of ‘F?
THE RED HOUSE. 89

than on the 4th of May, ’62, at Red House. A diarist
says, “We dug a well in our tent to-day two feet deep,
and had eighteen inches of water in it.

6 May, ’62. <A scouting party to-day met with the
usual success of scattered forces moving on converging
lines. The 23rd sent two divisions, one made up of ‘ D,’
under command of Lt. C. H. Bates of ‘F;’ ‘F’ and ‘I’
all under Capt. G. M. Whipple of ‘ F’ and Co’s ‘G’ and
*E’ under Capt. Raymond of ‘'G.’ The 17th and 27th
Mass. sent out their parties. The point of rendezvous was
at the “ white house” on the Railroad. A white band on
the left arm was adopted as distinguishing badge. The
detachment from the 23rd marched, with skirmishers out
under command of Lt. G. R. Emmerton of ‘F,’ as far as
* Burnt Church” where halt was made for lunch and then
to the rendezvous where the 27th had arrived. Capt.
Whipple’s division was left here, in reserve, and the three
other organizations proceeded. Rebel scouts were seen
but nothing effected. Laden with fresh pork, the 23rd
detachment returned at dark.

Battalion line was formed and orders were read, notify-
ing the regiment of the Commissions of Major Elwell to be
Lieutenant Colonel and of Adjutant J. G. Chambers to be
Major, as well as of the appointment of Lt. C. S. Emmer-
ton of ‘A’ to be regimental Adjutant.

7&8. The regiment, by wings, marched to New
Berne to relieve the 25th Mass. as Provost-guard.
CHAPTER VI.

NEW BERNE.

HISTORY. TOPOGRAPHY. HOSPITALS. CONTRABANDS. GUARD-DUTY.
REGIMENTAL SURGEONS. BATTLE-GROUND. RAILROAD BRIDGE.
MUDDY STREET. GLEE CLUB. CAMP PENDLETON. COL. JOHN
KURTZ. CAPTAIN RUSSELL.

Early in the 18th century one Louis Mitchell, a Swiss
gentleman, was sent over by the Canton of Berne to ex-
plore America and select a suitable location for a settle-
ment. On his return to Europe, in 1707, Mitchell found
a large number of his countrymen, in London, anxious to
emigrate. The troubles of Europe had thrown on the
hospitality of the Queen of England a large number of
Palatines from Baden. The Queen, anxious to relieve
herself of the burden of their support, entered, through
her Commissioners, into negotiations with Mitchell and
Christopher, Baron de Graffenried, a native of Berne,
who had joined Mitchell in his plan of planting a colony
in the Carolinas.

Under these auspices, the first installment of Swiss and
Palatines reached North Carolina in December, 1710,
landed at the confluence of the Neuse and Trent rivers and
began a town, which, as a compliment to De Graffenried,
was called New Berne.

In less than a year the neighboring savages, by sudden
massacre, dealt a severe blow to the infant settlement.
With the important aid of their neighbors of Virginia and
South Carolina, the colonists struck back and handled their
enemy so severely as, seemingly, to have settled that ques-
tion for all time.

(90)
NEW BERNE. 91

The town throve. It became the regular site of several
courts of justice and, occasionally, for the meetings of the
provincial legislature. In 1749 came the printing-press
shortly followed by a weekly paper, and the appellation,
“Athens of North Carolina.” In the same year, however,
it was found necessary to build a fence, from river to
river, six feet high and close enough“to keep out hogs
and wild animals.”

In 1764 was established, in “a little log building,” the
first public school in the state and the lineal ancestor of
the “ Academy” of our time.’

1765. William Tryon (my authority does not state
whether the hog-tight fence had disappeared) came with
royal commission as Governor of the State. The quarrel
between people and Governor is long tonarrate. A-chief
count against him was the arrogance which could lead him
to desire and the tyranny which could extort from the ill-
furnished pockets of the people the costly palace which he
built at New Berne.” The quarrel ran so far that it could
only be settled by the trial of arms. The up country
people, under the name of Regulators, got together, 2,000
strong. The Governor marched out against them with a
smaller but better equipped and more disciplined force.
Some attempt was made at negotiation. The Governor
abated not one jot of his pretensions. The people dared
him to fight and were completely routed. Ina few days the
malcontents were subdued and Tryon left for the wider
field of New York, to whose governorship he had been com-
missioned.

 

16 On the 3rd of March, 1862, one W. H. Doherty, A. M., said to have been oncea
Professor at Antioch College, advertised the Spring term of the Academy. Half
the money was to be paid in advance and to be refunded if the enemy took the
town.

17 Some may recollect as the “ Palace Stables,” a brick building just beyond
George street, used during the war for commissary storehouse. This was a rem-
nant of the palace.
92 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

New Berne took a brave share in the early days of the
Revolution, but in 1781 was taken and sacked by a force
of Regulars and Tories.

We, who were born to the crookedness of the older
towns of Massachusetts Bay (where the plan of streets,
originally based upon the winding lines of “the right of
way” along the shores, was afterwards left so completely
to the narrow policy of individual land-owners), were
struck with the quaint plan of Annapolis and the simpler,
but evidently designed plotting of Plymouth, Washing-
ton, Kinston and New Berne, N. C.

The accompanying diagram of New Berne, designed to
show those parts of the city with which we were familiar,
reveals an ingenious adaptation of plan to the irregular
triangle between the Neuse and Trent, and shows why the
streets, retaining straight lines, have so few right angles.
The numbers on the map refer to the following list :

1 Burnside’s Hd. Qrs. 20 Jail.

2 Foster’s Hd. Qrs. 21 R. R. Station.

3 Amory’s Hd. Qrs. 22 Slaughter House.

4 Kurtz’s Hd. Qrs. 23° Paymaster.

5 Surgeon Derby’s Hd. Qrs. 24 Quarter-master.

6 Reg. Band Qrs. 25 Post Commissary.

7 +“ Hospital. 26 Depot Commissary,

8 Academy Hospital. 27 Gov. Stanley.

9 Masonic Hospital, 28 Gaston House.

10 Stanley Hospital. 29 Orphan Asylum.

11 Post Surgeon’s. 30 Soldiers’ Cemetery.
12 Episcopal Church. 31 Citizens’ ae

13 Presbyterian Church. 82 Medical Purveyor.

14 Catholic Church, 33 Sanitary Commission.
15 Baptist Church. 34 House pulled down.
16 Meth. Epis. Church. Col. 35 * Palace Stables.”

17 St. Cyprian’s Church. Col. 36 “The New Berne Progress.”
18 Methodist Church. 387 Comm’y Clerks, etc.
19 Post Office.

 

The letters mark the company quarters of the 23rd while on Provost duty in '62.
‘B’ was moved from East Front to tents on corner of Middle and Johnson. ‘H?’
from foot of Pollock to make room for the Provost-marshal.

 

18+*New Bern Mercantile and Manufacturers’ Business Directory and N. C
Farmers’ Reference Book,” by Capt. R. A. Shotwell.
 
     

New Berne NC.

Ananmecy 1862

For TwewryTainp History,

Ov Taistham enirrin Ancuitees
ower €. 29 Ream,

 

 

 
NEW BERNE. 93

New Berne, after a century and a half of commercial
prosperity, deserted by far the larger part of its inhabi-
tants and especially of the occupants of the better houses,
was, perhaps, as pleasant a place for summer duty as the
Sunny South could provide. Thestreets, open atone or both
ends to the cooling breezes from the rivers, were not too
wide to be well shaded by the numerous trees, said to have
been planted by the special exertions of a former Mayor.
The houses, few if any of them of what we should call,
at home, a great antiquity, were, in many cases, the com-
fortable results of the prosperous years early in this cen-
tury, and furnished abundant quarters for Provost-guard
as well as for Head-quarters and offices of a numerous army
encamped around about.

The fire, intended by the numerous rebels to make un-
inhabitable for us what they could no longer retain, was
confined chiefly to South Front street west of the Rail-
road, to the southern half of the square, of which Gen.
Burnside’s quarters was the only other occupant (where
they burned a prominent hotel) and to some factories
along the Neuse between Union and King streets.

Gen. Burnside’s, and generally afterwards, the com-
manding officer’s quarters, was a handsome, two-storeyed
frame on a shady lawn. General Foster’s, rather office
than residence, was the only four-roomed three-storeyed
brick dwelling-house in the place. Gen. Amory’s was a
modern brick on Pollock and Hancock. Regimental
Head-quarters was one of a type of three-storeyed brick
houses with one room on street, such as, in various parts
of the town, furnished regimental or brigade Head-
quarters.

The companies were housed, mostly, in two groups.
One near the regimental hospital (which was a two-storeyed
brick, with veranda on both stories, and included seveial
94 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

neighboring houses during the epidemic of typhoid) was
made up of ‘A’ ina lofty two-storeyed brick, ‘E’ ina
two-storeyed frame, next door, and‘ G’in a three-storeyed
brick near the river. ‘H’ was moved into a two-storeyed
frame opposite ‘E,’ and ‘B,’ for a time, encamped in an
open lot corner of Middle and Johnson. At the south-
ern end of the city, near regimental Head-quarters, were
‘D’ in three-storeyed brick, ‘B’ in a brick-house sitting
back on its grounds, ‘ H ’in a brick-house, afterwards taken
for guard-house and Provost-court, while the Band and
Co’s ‘F’ and‘ K’ were in wooden two-storeyed frames on
Pollock street. On the broad Broad street, half way be-
tween these groups, ‘C’ occupied a lofty two-storeyed
frame, pretending to be freestone, and ‘I’ two or more
cottages on either side the street nearer the Neuse River.

The wounded, from the battle of New Berne, were put
into the Academy, a four-roomed brick school-house,
of two storeys, in the midst of a shady lawn of two or
three acres, and, into a building partly occupied, as stated,
by the printing office.

The Academy was never enlarged, unless by tents for
convalescents on the lawn. The Masonic Hospital, at first
award of the Academy, began in the commodious ball-
room on the second floor—a famous place, from its eleva-
tion, to assist convalescence in Remittent Fever —then
included the theatre below, with the parquet floored over
to nearly a level with the parquet-circle, and sometimes,
in emergencies, the lodge-rooms. The Stanley Hospital
early occupied, partly with new buildings and partly by
contiguous dwellings, most of the square it started upon,
between Middle, Broad, Craven and New streets. In
time, The Masonic (by this time increased by several val-
uable wards built under the direction of E. P. Morong,
Surg. 2nd Maryland, then in charge) absorbed, under
 

Regimental Hospital. Presbyterian Church. Telegraph Office

 

Academy Hospital. Post Office Quarter-Master’s

Views in New Berne, N. C. No. 1.
CONTRABANDS. 95

the name Foster General Hospital, the Academy and
again, in time, the Stanley absorbed it, and, during the
fighting and the small-pox epidemic of 1865, spread far
and wide about the city. In the early days most of the
regiments, although encamped outside, kept up regimental
hospitals in the city.

Another volume would be needed to hold all that might
easily be written about the “ contrabands,” who, after the
capture of New Berne, were, like the poor, always with
us. The white citizens had fled, with their retreating
army, in such numbers as to leave the negroes practically
in possession of all their leavings — pending, at least, the
arrival of our forces. They had raided the deserted camp
assigned to the 23rd. Some may recollect, as the regiment
marched to the Fair Ground, the contest between “little
Jack” and a tall mulatto for a coveted bed spread. It
was “pull Jack, pull Darkey,” till Col. Kurtz interfered
in her behalf.

Every expedition to the interior, securing a passage
safe from rebel pursuit over all the space between our
troops and New Berne, was the sign for great numbers to
come in. Possessed with the single idea of personal
freedom, they took no thought of how they were to be
supported. Some of them seemed to have no idea that
the change meant anything but a new and, they hoped, a
kinder master. A young mother brought a cart-load of
her black pickaninnies to the lines, and, when asked to
whom the horse and vehicle belonged, had no answer but
“To you all, Massa.” Every returning expedition was
accompanied by stalwart darkies who were glad to pay for
protection and rations by “toting” the arms and equip-
ments of tired or lazy soldiers. Some remained with
the troops, but more drifted into the body of laborers
employed and fed by the Q. M. Dept.

They were, of course, of all shades of color. Mental
96 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

development was, as a rule, in direct ratio of the propor-
tion of white blood. I fancy the brutishness of the
black field-hand of the Gulf States was rare in our part of
North Carolina. On the other hand, some house-bred
yellow girls had manners and, more particularly, language
which for correctness and even elegance would do credit
to any education.

Some will recall Aunt “Nicey Lucky,” for some time
cook for Dr. Derby. She had a maternal regard for one of
the boys of Co.‘ A.’ Possessed with an idea that some ill
had happened to him on the Goldsboro Expedition, she
roamed the streets, during the days of the rather strag-
gling return of the column, asking every group for her
“Billy,” and unmindful of the jokes and solicitations of
the soldiers, persisted till she had found “Billy” and given
him the apple-dumplings prepared as his solace for the
trials of recent war. Company ‘C’ men will not have
forgotten Aunt Dinah Holmes, who, left behind by the
owner of their quarters, was living there during all their
term of provost duty. They may like to know that she
was living so lately as 1882; that she recollected many of
them by name and that, at her great age and with a set-
tled conviction that Heaven was waiting for her, she had but
one need “a thin pair of narrow shoes — No. 8 and nar-
row toes — so that she could wear them.”

To the 23rd belongs the credit of an early, if not the
earliest, attempt to educate the freedmen. Capt. Whipple
of Co. ‘F,’ disabled from active duty in the winter of
762-3, opened a school in the rear of the house on John-
son street, so long occupied by the regimental commissary
aud quarter master sergeants and clerks. Here, without
assistance, and, in the absence of proper books, orally,
with an improvised black-board — a dark-painted window
shutter — Capt. Whipple strove to satisfy the intense
PROVOST-GUARD DUTY. 97

eagerness of some twenty or thirty blacks, of all ages
from ten to fifty years, to learn to read. Their capacity
to learn was as various as their ages, but all were eager.
They were waiting for school to open one and two hours
before the appointed time. Can recall a striking illustra-
tion of this eagerness tolearn. Grown men, employed in
“dug outs” to catch and raft logs, brought, on their way
to the saw-mill, by frequent wagons to the river bank, had
each his spelling book which was speedily whipped out
and zealously studied at every break, however short, in
their onerous task. Capt. Whipple’s share in this under-
taking was brought to a close by an order, received in the
middle of an afternoon session, to report for special duty.
The work was taken up by Captain N. Willis Bumstead of
the 45th M. V. M. and others, who had help from Boston
in the way of books, etc.

One Sunday, this midsummer, the preacher at the Chris-
tian Church (the little building on the cross-roads to the
rear of the Academy Green) talked to this effect on the
Deluge: “ Now the snail was the last man that entered the
Ark. Then the Lord came and locked the door, carrying
away the keys so Noe couldn’t let in any of the world’s
people, who had been away to clambakes and sich, if he
had wanted. Then a cloud came, at first no bigger than a
man’s hand, and it spread and it spread, it did, till it lum-
nated the whole liniment.” “Occasionally these sable
Christians ‘get Glory,’ especially of afternoons. Then
they hug, sing and yell beyond the power of all Christy-
dom to imitate.”

Here then was the 23rd established as Provost-guard
of New Berne. This implies all that is included in the
ordinary service of the police of civil life. The main-
tenance of every-day order. The prompt suppression of
occasional disorder. Having no excuse from the roughness

7
98 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

of camp-life or the exigencies of the march, the Provost-
guard is expected to make the most of his personal ap-
pearance. The soldier never neglects his arms. The
Provost-guard has not only rifle and bayonet in their best
condition but equipments blacked and polished, his clothes
uniform and neat, his boots shining, and, for final touch,
his hands in white gloves.

At guard-mounting on Broad street there was a rigid
inspection. The negligent were sent back to their quarters
for punishment. The guard was divided into three parties
and marched off, each under its lieutenant, to the guard-
houses of the three districts into which the city was
divided. The tour of duty was two hours on post and four
off by day, four on and eight off at night. The men were
required to remain at their district guard-houses all the
time they were off post. The chief hardship, aside from
the extreme heat of midsummer, arose from the fact that
the privates were, generally, on duty every other day
and got very little sleep in the guard-houses.

The following anecdote, furnished by amember of Co.
‘C,’ shows us that. (fun?) was to be had out of even a rainy
day on guard. “I was on guard, one rainy day in New
Berne, at the steamer wharf. I had found an old umbrella.
Breaking off the crook of the handle I put the stick in my
gunbarrel and was nicely sheltered under my movable roof.
All at once I heard some one coming around the corner.
Of all men inthe Army, who should it be but Gen. Burn-
side. That stick would not come out of my gun so that
I had to ‘present’ umbrella andall. To his query, “Does
that look soldier-like?” I could only answer ‘No.’ I re-
called the incident one day to Senator Burnside on Penn-
sylvania Avenue. He remembered it well.”

16 May, 62. Asst. Surg. S. E. Stone, having rallied
sufficiently from his typhoid fever to bear removal, went
 

ASST. SURG. S. E. STONE,
THE MEDICAL STAFF. 99

home on sick-leave. He resigned his commission and
the regiment was deprived of his valuable services. Mean-
while the need of his services in the regiment was too
great to admit of Corporal Emmerton being sent home to
stand the usual examination, upon entering the Medical
Staff, at Boston and a special board was ordered for the
purpose at New Berne. He passed and was commis-
sioned to date from 31 July. Asst. Surg. Jacob
Roberts, commissioned by Gov. Andrew, 7 Aug., °62,
reported for duty on the 18th. Dr. Emmerton was or-
dered, 25 Aug., ’62, to report for duty to Surg. McLellan
of the Marine Artillery at Roanoke Island. Heremained
there about a month and was then made Post Surgeon at
Plymouth, N.C. He remained there several months, and,
on his return to New Berne, after the regiment had gone
to South Carolina, was retained at General Hospital in
New Berne (except accompanying the regiment on two
expeditions and living with it a few days in camp at
Carolina City), till he reported for duty at Newport’s
News.

Dr. Roberts was with the regiment till the latter part
of June,’63, when he resigned. Asst. Surg. E, P. Cum-
mings was commissioned 20 June, 63, and was connected
with the regiment till muster-out of original members in
1864.

5 June, 62. A party of us visiting the battle ground
of March, was surprised to find how far Dame Nature had
already gone in effacing the marks of battle. The
branches of trees which had been used to mask the
outer face of the rebel works had dried or been blown
away, and, already, the unprotected earth was crumb-
ling into the ditch. The new foliage made it difficult to
find just where our lines had been. The ground was so
strewn with tree-tops and branches, mown off by the ar-
tillery, that we marvelled that any of us had escaped in-
100 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

jury by their fall. Only by help of a neighboring negro
could we find the burying-ground. A few scattered graves
or regimental mounds held or covered the dead of New
Berne. Lt. Hart of ‘D’ marked the grave of Potter of
his company.

12 June,’62. The railroad bridge over the Trent, whose
burning caused us a short delay on the day of the battle,
was speedily replaced. To-day the first locomotive came
up from Beaufort. A letter, dated 20 July, says: “We
have but two engines and no passenger cars. Box cars
take their place. The Monitor, an iron-clad battery, ac-
companies each train. Its bluck sides, relieved with red
ports whence peep rifled guns, make a formidable show.
Under its canvas roof the Marine-Artillery gun-crew
seems to be leading an easy, pleasant life.”

The bridge, making a short cut between the city and
many of the camps, was of great use for horse and foot.
Wagons were, at first, restricted to the county-bridge
above.

27 June. Capt. Whipple of ‘F’ received an order from
Gen. Burnside to report, with forty men, on board Steamer
Alice Price, for immediate duty. The number was made
up equally from ‘F’ and ‘D’; Lt. 8S. C. Hart went. They
escorted Capt. Pell, bearer of dispatches, to the camp of
Col. Howard near Swift Creek, some ten miles up the Neuse.
They returned before night without special incident.

30 June, °62. Extract from letter. “Contrary, I
allow, to my usual custom, I am up long before break-
fast. The slant shadows of the many trees on the Acad-
emy Green, the cosy, solid Hospital, the airy tents for
convalescents, have little about them to remind one of
war. Except that the suburbs are, even now, alive with
reveille, rousing the sleeping camps to their daily duties,
there is little to dissuade one from the idea that he might
be a summer boarder in some rural village. Nine out
 

MAJ. GEN. A. E. BURNSIDE.
SUMMER OF 1862. 101

ot ten of the passers or of those who keep up a ceaseless
clanging at the corner pump are negroes. See the small
specimen, munching a hunch of bread and ‘toting’ the
rapidly diminishing slice, between bites, on the top of his
head. Here comes something more definitely war-like.
By the red chevrons on his arm he is corporal of artil-
lery, by the pipe in his mouth he is well man. His
thirst slaked at the pump, he gives place to a ‘Zou-zou’ (9th
N. Y.). I know something of him. He is brother of an
*exsection of shoulder’ in the hospital.”

3 July. Lt. G. R. Emmerton, with twelve men, guarded
rebel prisoners by rail to Beaufort. A few days after
this his health compelled him to ask for sick-leave to go
North. Failing to recover, he was unwilling to stand in
the way of the promotion of others, aud, refusing the
promotion to 1st Lieut., resigned.

In early July, Gen. Burnside left us, taking a large
portion of our army to reinforce McClellan on the Penin-
sula. Though few of us ever served again under his
command, I feel confident that my readers, comrades. of
the 23rd at least, will be glad to see his portrait and to
read a sketch of his adventurous life. He was born 23
May, 1824, near Liberty, Union County, Indiana.
Though well-placed among their neighbors (the father
was associate-judge of the circuit court and clerk of the
county courts), his parents were unable to meet the ex-
pense of a liberal education and bound the young Am-
brose Everts out to learn atrade. Tradition says that
the member of Congress for his district, finding the future
general busy at his work but intently studying “ Cooper's
Tactics” “ which was propped up by a ‘goose’ and kept
open by a pair of shears,” exclaimed “You should be a
cadet at West Point.” The remark turned a long-felt
wish into an intense desire. No effort was spared until,
102. RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

through the influence of his friends, he secured the ap-
pointment, from President Tyler, in March, ’43, when he
was, by chance, entered at West Point, as Ambrose Ev-
erett and, afterwards, retained that name. Young Burn-
side’s animal spirits sometimes put his class-standing in
peril, but, in due time, he was graduated, in good, though
not remarkable, standing, and commissioned in the Third
Artillery. He reached Mexico too late to take part in
the war, but greatly distinguished himself in service on
the Plains and in connection with the Commission for
settling the boundary between the United States and
Mexico.

27 April, 1852. He married Mary Richmond Bishop,
of Providence, R. I. Meanwhile, he had invented and
perfected a breech-loading carbine, which had success-
fully stood a competitive test before the Ordnance Board
at Washington, and, 1 Nov., 52, resigned to manage a
factory for its manufacture at Bristol, R. I. Prevented,
by the manceuvring of politicians at Washington, from
securing from government, a heavy order for the carbines,
on which it had relied to start the new manufacture, the
“Bristol Rifle Works” was compelled to go into bank-
ruptcy and Mr. Burnside was thrown on his own resources.

His West-Point training fitted him to accept a place in
that corporation, which his old comrade, Capt. Geo. B.
McClellan, then Vice President of the Illinois Central
Railroad, offered him.

His own merits and the eminently satisfactory manage-
ment of affairs in the Land-Office secured him, in 1860,
the appointment of Treasurer of the Corporation, with
an office in New York. He saw the impending war, and,
firmly believing in the military spirit of the North, held
himself in such readiness that, when asked, on the mem-
orable 15th of April, 1861, how soon he could take com-
GENERAL BURNSIDE. 103

mand of a regiment of troops, ready to go to the war but
lacking a Commander, at Providence, R.I., he could,
and did, answer, literally “at once.” Space forbids my
following, in detail, the war-history, which must be famil-
jar to many of my readers.

As colonel of the 1st R. I. Inf., he took to Washington
the first organization “supplied for a three-weeks’ cam-
paign.” As Acting Brigadier General, he bore a distin-
guished part in that ill-advised campaign which ended
with the first Bull Run. As Brigadier General, he or-
ganized and commanded the Burnside Expedition, of
which these chapters form an imperfect sketch. As Ma-
jor General, he took prompt help to the Army of the Po-
tomac, saved Gen. Pope from extreme disaster and gave
efficient, if tardy, aid, to McClellan, at Antietam. As
Commander of the Army of the Potomac, a position
twice absolutely declined and finally assumed with much
unwillingness, his ill-timed persistence at Fredericksburg
left a blot on his military reputation only relieved by the
magnanimity which assumed the whole blame of the dis-
aster. In command of the Department of the Ohio, he
rescued one of the fairest sections of our country from
the grasp of insidious treason, and, at Knoxville, baftled
Longstreet and a corps of veterans, picked from the
army of Virginia.

With the Ninth Corps, he rendered most efficient ser-
vice, in the bloody campaign of 1864, until the 30th of
July, the date of the unfortunate mine-explosion before
Petersburg. The hot wrath of the people, over their dis-
appointment, was poured upon our hero. Cooler judg-
ment ascribed a portion, at least, of the blame to the
petulant jealousy of a superior and the inefficiency of
some inferior officers.

4 April, 66, Gen. Burnside was elected Governor of
104 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Rhode Island, and again in ’67 and ’68. In January,
1875, he was elected Senator from Rhode Island and re-
elected in’80. He died at “ Edghill,” his farm, at Bristol,
R. I., 13 Sept., 1881.

4 July. Col. Kurtz, who had been appointed Provost-
marshal on June 16th, celebrated Independence Day by
a flag-raising at his office. The Declaration of Indepen-
dence was read by Chaplain Clark and music was furnished
by the band. The regiment marched through the streets
making marching salutes. In the evening Col. Kurtz en-
tertained his friends at the regimental headquarters.

At the end of this month the Provost Court was regu-
larly organized, Col. Kurtz being made president and
Capt. Whipple, the Deputy Provost-marshal, Clerk. At
the same time, Major Chambers was made president of a
military commission, of which Lt. Ray was Judge Advo-
cate. They sat in the jail.

13 July. By order at dress-parade fifty men were se-
lected to work the fire-engine when wanted.

During late July the guard in the third district—a
portion of the city’not included in the map and largely
made up of the poorer class of whites who remained with
us although retaining their “secesh” proclivities — had
been fired upon. The inhabitants of the district were
warned of condign punishment, but, spite of the warning,
somebody shot Michael A. Galvin of ‘C’ while he was on
duty on post 5. (Galvin’s wound, in the fleshy part of
the thigh, was not serious. He died, at home, the next
July, of consumption.) This naturally roused the guard.
They searched all the houses in the neighborhood and ar-
rested six men, but not, it was said, the actual malefactor.

26 July, 62. By command of Gen. Foster the regi-
ment marched to Muddy Lane with band, pioneer corps
and all practicable pomp and circumstance. On the
MUDDY LANE. 105

ground were Gen. Foster, some of his staff and other
prominent officers. Col. Kurtz, as Provost-marshal, en-
tered the house whence the shot came and ordered the in-
mates to vacate, in order that it might be pulled down.
A woman, tearfully protesting her innocence, came out
with several children and took refuge with a neighbor.
The soldiers removed her furniture, discovering some
concealed arms. Then, with a will, they pulled and tore,
till house, out buildings and peach-orchard were levelled
and a neighboring field of tall corn, too good an ambush
to be left standing, was pulled up.

29 July. The sick in hospitals belonging to regiments
which Burnside had taken away to reinforce McClellan on
the Peninsula were sent to their regiments in Virginia.

11 Aug. The regiment was saddened by the loss of a
promising officer in the death of the newly commissioned
Lt. Westover Greenleaf of ‘C.’ He had been suffering
from remittent fever. A sudden attack of an apoplectic
nature proved speedily fatal. Ata meeting of the regi-
mental officers resolutions were passed appropriate to the
occasion.

Let us not forget the performances of the regimental
Glee Club. Beside Dr. Derby, Capt. Whipple, and Ser-
geants Driver and Lee, who were mentioned as compos-
ing the Club at Hatteras, Lt. Col. Elwell, and privates
Prime, Valentine and Woodbury of ‘F,’ among others,
took part. Capt. Whipple had music specially arranged
for male voices by Mr. Manuel Emilio, of Salem, and a
set of German part-songs. The nine-months regiments
from Massachusetts brought additional musical talent. A
quartette of Sergt. Driver, 1st tenor, Capt. Whipple,
2nd tenor, Wm. H. Beckett, of ‘A,’ 45th, lst bass, and
Myron W. Whitney, of ‘I,’ 45th, 2nd bass, with Sergt.
Upham, as organist, sung the full service at the Episcopal
106 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Church regularly. That they were in demand for social
occasions, serenades, etc., “goes without saying.”

21 Sept. “The Gen. Foster Hose Company, No. 1, pa-
raded to-day. The company is composed of sutlers and
shop-keepers.”

22 Nov., 62. Orders having been issued for the 17th
M. V. I. to relieve the 23rd from their duty as Provost
Guard in New Berne, the line was formed and the regi-
ment marched to its new camp ground before the reliefs
on guard had all reported. The camp, called Pendleton,
in memory of Capt. James M. Pendleton, of Gen. Fos-
ter’s staff, whose brilliant war-record had just been closed
by a sad accident at Washington, N. C., was pitched on
the sandy plain beyond the Trent river and something
more than half way from the railroad bridge to the county
bridge. The regiment was provided with a new set of
Sibley tents, and, the space being ample and level, the
camp made a fine appearance. For a month past, since
Lt. Col. Elwell had been disabled,— his arm broken by
the kick of a horse,—the command had devolved upon
Major Chambers—Col. Kurtz being still detached as
Provost Marshal. The Major, determined to retain, as
long as possible, the soldierly appearance attained by the
regiment during its long tour of guard duty, issued the
following order.

Camp Pendleton,
5 Dec., 1862.

Hereafter, until otherwise ordered, the private whose
appearance, on guard-mounting, shall be the most cleanly
and soldier-like, shall be entitled to exemption from all
guard duty, drills or parade for the day with permission
to be absent from camp till 5 Pp. m.

Signed, Major J. G. CHAMBERS.

Head Quarters, 23 M. V.I.,
 

COL. JOHN KURTZ.
COLONEL JOHN KURTZ. 107

25 Nov., ’62. Colonel John Kurtz, who had been Pro-
vost-marshal in New Berne since June 16, hurt by a
severe reprimand from his superior officer for neglect of
an order which, through negligence of the messenger, he
had never received, resigned, and was honorably dis-
charged.

Joun Kurtz, son of John Erhard Kurtz, a well-known
German baker of Boston, who had married in this country,
was born in Boston 2 Oct., 1813, and brought up to his
father’s trade. He belonged to the old Volunteer Fire
Department and was present at the burning of the Ursu-
line Convent in Charlestown, 11 August, 1834. Have
not learned how early he joined the militia, but in 1837
he was orderly-sergeant of the Washington Light In-
fantry, Capt. Samuel Adams, and helped suppress the
Broad Street Riot 11 June, 1837. At the muster that
year on the Common, when the Montgomery Guard, the
first exclusively Irish company ever organized in the
State, appeared, six companies, including the Washington
Light Infantry, under Sergeant Kurtz, marched off the
field under their orderly-sergeants, leaving their com-
missioned officers in line. The six companies were dis-
banded by order of Gov. Everett. Out of the Wash-
ington Light Infantry was formed a new company, taking
the name Washington Light Guard, under Capt. William
Washburn and Ist Lt. John Kurtz.

During the exciting presidential campaign of ’40, Capt.
Washburn, a partisan Democrat, tried to make the com-
pany Democratic. Lt. Kurtz, an old line whig, resisted.
Feeling ran so high that there seemed no cure but separa-
tion and the 1st Lieutenant, with all the Whigs in the
company, seceded and formed the Washington Phalanx.
Here Capt. Kurtz’s eminent qualifications as disciplinarian
108 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

and drill-master came in play and he soon raised the com-
pany to an enviable position in the militia, its example
elevating the tone of the whole force. It was his habit,
on parade days, to march up State Street, “ where mer-
chants most do congregate” and drill the company, with
the bugle, before the admiring crowd “on ’change.”
Capt. Kurtz retained command for several years. He
married 13 Nov., 1844, Caroline T., daughter of Melzar
Dunbar, of Boston.

16 July, ’61. Capt. Kurtz was commissioned Capt. of
Co. ‘C,’ 13 Mass. Vol. Infy. On the battle fields of Roa-
noke and New Berne, Colonel Kurtz was distinguished by
acool and unhesitating obedience to orders. As Provost-
marshal he secured the good will of all well-doers by his
speedy and impartial judgments.

24 Feb., ’63. Col. Kurtz was appointed chief of police
for Boston. He held this position, with general satisfac-
tion, till his resignation 19 April, 1870. Since that time
he was Inspector at the Boston Custom House. He was
several years President of the 23rd Veteran Association.
He died 10 Nov., 1881, unexpectedly, of heart-disease,
leaving a widow, a widowed daughter and a grand-
daughter. His funeral was attended by large numbers of
his comrades in all his various commands.

8 Dec., 62. One of the saddest days in the history of
the regiment. The sudden accidental death of Capt.
Thomas Russell of “I,” plunged into gloom not only those
to whom his social qualities had endeared him but the
wider circle who had confidently counted on the soldierly
ability he had already manifested.

Dr. Roberts kept on hand a mixture intended for relief
of ordinary coughs, and, the day before, had prepared a
liniment (to take to the garrison at Evans’s Mills), which,
 

Capt. Thomas Russell.

 

Serg. L. F. Emilio, ‘F’.

  

Serg. D. Carlton, ‘F’. W. H. H. Prime, ‘F’.
CAPTAIN THOMAS RUSSELL. 109

although containing a dangerous or fatal proportion of
aconite, if taken internally, was, unfortunately, left on
the shelf with the cough mixture. Some of the latter
mixture having been ordered by Dr. Roberts, an officious
attendant, not the hospital-steward, filled a vial from the
wrong bottle and Capt. Russell drank freely from it. To
the Captain’s very natural complaint of the harshness of
the medicine Dr. Roberts insisted that it was a simple mix-
ture and Capt. Center of ‘C’ tasted it. When Captain
Center too complained, the Assistant Surgeon in his turn,
tested the mixture, detected the mistake and immediately
commenced the administration of stimulants, etc. It was
too late. Indeed, so large a dose of aconite would have
been extremely dangerous under the most instant treat-
ment. He survived about one and a half hours and
expired just as Dr. Derby arrived from his duties in town.
Next day Dr. Roberts partly embalmed the body in prepa-
ration for sending it North.
CHAPTER VII.

TARBORO.

TARBORO. ROANOKE. PLYMOUTH. KINSTON. WHITEHALL. GOLDSBORO.

80 Oct., 62. “Companies ‘B,’ 'C,’ ‘D,’ *G’ and ‘I,’
left New Berne, early in the morning, for an expedition
up the Neuse river, under command of Major Chambers.
Taking the steamer Union, with several companies of the
17th Mass., they proceeded up the Neuse River about
eight miles, where they were joined by cavalry, artillery,
and a large baggage-train, the whole under command of
Colonel Amory. They landed and marched to Swift’s
Creek, a small settlement about eight miles distant, which
was reached at sundown. Here they were fired upon by
the rebel cavalry picket, who had destroyed the bridge
over the creek. They fled upon our approach. The fol-
lowing forenoon was employed by our forces in building
the bridge, and at noon the column was again in motion
towards Washington, N. C., which our forces reached on
the evening of Nov. Ist, without molestation.

Nov. 2nd, The line of march was again continued (our
forces being augmented by the addition of séveral thous-
and infantry) in the direction of Williamston, the
Twenty-third Battalion acting as part of the baggage-
guard. Towards sundown the advance came across the
enemy, posted behind entrenchments, at a place called
Rawle’s Mills, who disputed their passage ; but our forces
soon compelled them to retreat, and the following morn-
ing the advance again continued on to Williamston,

(110)
TARBORO. 111

which place the column reached at noon, having marched
a distance of twenty-three miles from Washington. Leav-
ing the sick and foot-sore on board the gun-boats in the
river, the troops marched out of the town about three
miles, and bivouacked for the night. 4 Nov., Took up
the line of march for Hamilton, within two miles of which
they were obliged to halt for several hours to build a
bridge, near which was a deserted breast-work, leading
from the woods across the main-road to a fort on the
river-bank. Hamilton was reached about sundown, and,
like Williamston, was found entirely deserted. The
town being set on fire by the troops, the sick were placed
on gun-boats, and the expedition marched out of Ham-
ilton several miles and bivouacked for the night. 5 Nov.
They started early in the morning, taking the road to
Tarboro’—marched until night, when they came to a halt,
and bivouacked within nine miles of Tarboro’. 6 Nov.
The following morning they commenced their return
march, not having met with the enemy in any force, the
Twenty Third having the advance, and taking a different
road to Hamilton from that by which they came. A
heavy rain having set in, the roads were in a very bad
condition, and the marching very much harder than it had
been previously. The expedition reached Hamilton late
in the afternoon, and took up their quarters for the night
in the deserted dwellings. 7 Nov. A violent snow-storm
raged in the morning, but it did not delay the march,
which was continued for Williamston, by a road lead-
ing near the river, and which they had not travelled
before. No force of the enemy appeared to interrupt the
march, and the expedition reached Williamston in the
afternoon, where it remained until the morning of 9 Nov.,
when the line of march was take up for Plymouth,
N. C., a distance of twenty-three miles. They reached the
112. RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

latter place the next morning, 10th Nov., and the Twenty
Third went on board the steamer Massasoit and gunboat
Vidette, for Newbern, which they reached on the 11th, at
noon, having been absent thirteen days, and having marched
about 150 miles. Many of the regiment were without
boots or shoes, and several from each company bare-
footed. The expedition captured about fifty prisoners,
four hundred horses and mules, and about one hundred
teams. The whole was under command of Major Gen.
Foster.”

ROANOKE.

Life at Roanoke Island, in the early fall of 1862, spite
of a certain monotony, was not unpleasant. The station
was a long step nearer civilization and in the way of a
speedier receipt of its newspapers, through the canal.

Your historian was quartered in the small hospital,
which he had been sent to take charge of, near Col.
Howard’s head-quarters at Pork Point. Surg. McLellan
had a larger hospital—perhaps that serving for our
brigade in the Spring—near Camp Foster. The remit-
tent fever, which had been a serious epidemic in the hands
of my predecessor,— a contract-surgeon something too
egotistic in the exhibition of stimulants—soon became
manageable and left me with a considerable leisure.

The easy lope of a captured horse shortened the miles
that were so wearisome in days of early February. We
had many a pleasant ride along the leafy wood-paths which
now contained no enemy more fearsome than the huge,
white jackass, whose teeth had left their imprint on the
withers of most loose quadrupeds about the island and

 

19 * Massachusetts in the Civil War, 1862.”
NAG’S HEAD. 113

from whose salacious assaults not even mounted saddle-
horses nor harnessed “ buggies” were quite exempt.

Nag’s Head, the old-time Southern watering-place on
the outside beach, was a capital sanitarium for my con-
valescents. Our visits needed to be short and in some
force, but, the change from the humid semi-tropical at-
mosphere of the island to the bracing sea breezes, rolling
in unobstructed from opposite Africa, was marvellous.
The retreating rebels, of February, had burned the prin-
cipal hotel, and the cottages were stripped and deserted.
Even one summer’s neglect seemed to threaten the speedy
destruction of the whole village. Some of the cottages,
their unstable foundation blown away by the searching
gales, were toppling to their fall and others were partly
buried under dunes of the whirling sand.

After about a month of life on the island the need of
an additional surgeon was no longer pressing and Medical
Director Snelling came from New Berne in the steamer
Delaware to take him where his services were more
needed.

PLYMOUTH.

26 Sept., 62. There had been for some months a small
garrison at Plymouth supported by gun-boats in the river.
Assistant Surgeon Mann, of the navy, had been caring
for the sick soldiers but had at Jast broken down with
over-work. Your historian was sent to that place, and,
as Post Surgeon, “enjoined to reciprocate with the navy,
as far as may be, in care of the sick.” Under this order
a hospital of some twenty beds was organized and occu-
pied about equally by the sick of army and navy.

Plymouth is a small town, mostly of two streets, one,
along the river bank, where shops and stores rather out-
numbered the dwellings, and another, on the terrace

8
114 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD' MASS. VOL. INF.

above, of comfortable houses, with none of such special
prominence as were the Grice house at Washington and
the Washington house at Kinston. Back of the centre
of the town, along the Long-acre road, there were some
open fields. Otherwise the woods came down all around
the town. Across our branch of the Roanoke, some
three hundred yards wide, were wooded islands and in-
tricate bayous.

There was something more of native society in Ply-
mouth than came to my knowledge in New Berne. A
legal Colonel—who strove, through weary months, to sit,
with dignity, the diverging steeds of local and national
duty, and who fell, while Plymouth burned, into the
hands of “common soldiers ;” a placid Major—who had
already suffered, fer opinion’s sake, at the hands of his
fellow-citizens; a genial Squire—who would come in
from his plantation for gossip and advice ; a Merchant,—
hated of old time for his success and pitied by friend and
foe when fate was so hard upon him during the attack ;
Sartor,— mightier in spirit than his stature warranted —
the genial narrator of village gossip and of adventure in
Northern cities. For the ladies, most of them could not
be said to add much to society, inasmuch as they were,
after their kind, the bitterest rebels.

The gun-boats, always represented, were sometimes in
considerable numbers and their officers were much ashore.
Among others were steadfast Calhoun ; hospitable Behm :
gallant Flusser, who afterwards lost the life, so nobly
devoted to the whole country, in defence of the town;
and Cushing, whose daring, in the destruction of the Al-
bemarle, was to make Plymouth famous through all time
in the annals of courageous endeavor.

Our occupation of Plymouth—its expediency was al-
ways doubtful to many, and in the sequence of events, was
PLYMOUTH, N. C. 115

never demonstrated — became a thorn in the side of the
rebel leaders. Again, the supplies of Tyrrel and Hyde,
— counties to the eastward—were always tempting to the
rebel commissaries who endeavored to withdraw them
through the narrow gate between Plymouth and Wash-
ington. The head-quarter camp of such an expedition
was reported as resting, in fancied security, a few miles
south of Plymouth. They could well count on immunity
from our land-force, which was too small to assume the
offensive, but forgot or miscalculated the reach of the
naval cannon.

Distance and direction having been fixed with all at-
tainable accuracy, the boats were strung along stem to

-stern, and, people ashore having been warned of the
danger from falling sabots or possible premature explo-
sion, fire was opened. For an hour the peaceful Roanoke
heard a martial clamor till then unknown. The shells
were not thrown with sufficient accuracy to inflict actual
damage, but, report said, the rebel camp was evacuated
with unhesitating promptness.

Rumors of intended attack, with all manner of impos-
sible forces, were our daily food. Bushwhacking parties
were constantly hovering about our pickets or showing
themselves up river. While, however, Capt. Hammill’s
company of the 9th N. Y. Vol. Inf., seasoned in battle
and ready, was the garrison, and Flusser, who had proved
his readiness at Elizabeth City, was to the fore, rumor re-
mained idle talk.

As time passed, Hammill was ordered to rejoin his reg-
iment in Virginia and his place was taken by a company
of the 3rd Mass.—very raw nine months men with the
full flavor of town-meeting soldiers—The fleet was re-
duced to one boat, the Southfield, powerful in arma-
ment, but with officers unfamiliar with the situation.
116 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

The rebels were, as usual, fully alive to the situation.
The story was told, I know not how truly, that one of
their number spent an evening in the cellar at head-
quarters, where he could hear all the talk.

10 Dece., 62. At all events, at 5 a. M., a rattling vol-
ley, at the outpost, on the Jamestown road, convinced
all of us—we were rather in the habit of sleeping with
one ear partly open—that something serious was begin-
ning. Our infantry made but a slight resistance. The
outpost was driven in. A party sent out on the Acre road
was cut off and hid in the woods. The remainder took
refuge either on the gun-boat or in the Custom House, a
large three-storey brick on the water’s edge.

The enemy, practically unresisted, scattered to burn
the town, and, very soon, the flames from forty burning
houses aided the full moon to turn night into day. It was
asserted, at the time, that the burning was with the con-
nivance of the runaway owners. As a fact, the homes of
prominent absentee ‘‘secesh” were early in flames. Still,
one could count on his fingers the buildings unburned and
these were mostly on the water-street, with two or three
on the remoter roads. In the perfect calm, no building
caught from another, unless in very close proximity.

The enemy ran a battery down to the end of one of
the up-river wharves and opened on the Southfield. “The
first round went a little high, expending itself on the
smoke-stack and boat-davits. The second got the range.
One shell went through the wheel-house, piercing boiler-
iron like pasteboard, hit one sailor in the leg and, tearing
out again, left its mark here and there and exploded be-
yond. A solid-shot struck the ward-room, went, through
four partitions, into the steam-drum and smashed the
flange of the supply-pipe. Two shots struck one of the
nine-inch guns and put that hors de combat. Meanwhile
PLYMOUTH BURNT. 117

there was a smart fire, from the rebel infantry, directed
against the boat—though I do not hear of more than
one casualty. One musket-ball, however, got into the
escape-pipe, and, falling into the valve, helped the rush
of steam from the above-mentioned hole in the drum.
The hot steam filled all the passages of the boat. The
gunners could get no powder. The surgeon could not
reach the wounded. The vent of the big Parrott, on
the bow, was accidentally stopped. But one gun was left
that could be brought to bear. Not unnaturally, they
slipped their moorings and dropped down stream to
repair damages.

Having disposed of this antagonist, the rebel artillerists
turned their attention to the Custom House, from whose
upper windows a lively fire was pouring. Prevented,
by this fire, from the direct route, they went around a
square and posted their gun on an upper street where
burning buildings protected them from all but one of
the Custom House windows. Into this they sent their
shells and speedily scattered the infantry crowded in the
long room behind it. But one man was hit, however,
and his wound was not immediately fatal, although he
survived but a few days.

About this time the Southfield, from down the river,
resumed her share in the action and began firing into
and through the burning town. Some of her big shells
went over or near the rebel artillerists. They left, car-
rying with therh, some fifty negroes— mostly women and
children — some seventeen prisoners of war and three
civilians. By this time came daylight and with it the cry
“The Perry is coming.” With reason,we believed in the
“Commodore Perry” and her commander, Flusser. Up she
came, her men at quarters, her guns all trained on one
side and the disabled Southfield in tow. Our danger was
118 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

over. I should have said that there were in the garrison
something more than one hundred men recruited in North
Carolina. They were not of much use.”” They knew they
were fighting with halters around their necks.

Let me not forget Mary Lee, our admirable landlady
and caterer. Her successful efforts towards the comfort
of officers ashore, and her color, made her a special ob-
ject of the enemy’s spite. She and her house escaped.
Can not see the propriety of the word “ murdered” as
applied to the death of Mrs. Phelps, by the historian of
the 27th M. V. I. She was wounded in the confused
crowd of fugitives struggling to enter the Custom House.
For hours she denied having been wounded, and although
she had received a pistol-shot, at or near the epigastrium,
survived till near night.

Plymouth was practically destroyed and the comfort of
the garrison impaired, but our hold on the location re-
mained good till the iron-clad Albemarle drove away our
gun-boats in April, 1864. The loss of the enemy from
the resistance of the gallant Wessels made his conquest
as dear bought as it was short-lived. In October, 1864,
Cushing, by blowing up the Albemarle, settled the ques-
tion of the occupation of Plymouth for the war.

GOLDSBORO EXPEDITION.

11 Dec., 62. Thirty men, unfit for active campaign-
ing, were selected and sent, under command of Serg.
Hutchinson of ‘H,’ to relieve the garrison at Evans
Mills.

The rest of the regiment, under command of Maj.

Chambers, in a brigade, made up of the 17th Mass. Vol.

 

20 From a letter of the time.
THE GOLDSBORO EXPEDITION. 119

Inf. and the 48rd, 45th and 51st M. V. M., under Col. T.
J. C. Amory of the 17th, Actg. Brig. Gen., joined a
column, made up of most of the available force in the
department under Maj. Gen. J. G. Foster, on what is
commonly called “* The Goldsboro Expedition.”

Roused at 3 a. M. and breakfasted, the regimental col-
umn marched to the rendezvous in the streets of New
Berne, through a fog so dense that troops marching, by
fours, along the middle of the streets, not only could not
be recognized by their most intimate friends, but were
really only a something blacker than the surrounding
darkness. After the usual delays, the column proceeded
unobstructed till they passed the fork of the Trent road
where they found their way filled with felled timber.
The rebels did not stop to protect their abattis, and its
only result was the loss of time, while the pioneers
chopped from the logs and rolled to one side sections long
enough to permit the passage of the guns.

12th. Roused at 3 again the next morning, the boys
grasped their rifles, which were coated thick with hoar
frost, and pushed on. Skirmishing soon began. The
rebels had discovered that we did not mean to use the
roads along the Neuse, where they had prepared works
to resist us, and tried with little effect to hinder our ad-
vance. Montgomery of ‘I’ was wounded in the foot. By
this time the three days’ rations had disappeared before the
appetites or the improvidence of soldiers so unused to
campaigning, and various diaries note “ Nothing for dinner
to-day,” and record the dying squeals of the rebel pig,
the lusciousness of confiscated honey and the satisfying
character of the native sweet potato.

13th. The march continued without striking incident
till noon and Southwest Creek were reached at about the
same time. The enemy developed a line of battle and
120 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

our troops were formed for an attack. Pending this ma-
neuvre, the regiment was drawn off the road to permit
the passage of a battery of the 8rd N. Y. Arty. Asst.
Surg. Roberts had the ill-luck to be thrown, while dis-
mounting, into the road and directly in the line of the
advancing battery. The gun, which threatened to kill
him, was stopped, but not until the forward wheel fairly
overhung his head. The doctor was not apparently much
the worse for the adventure, but he writes me that his
left hip has ever since pained him and is sometimes a
great inconvenience from an exostosis,—an unnatural
growth of bone—from the seat of injury. Corp. Worth
of ‘I’ was accidentally wounded in the hand.

The 28rd, Co. 'D’ skirmishing, had the extreme left of
the line which advanced a short distance in that order.
The dash of our friends of the 9th N. J. left little for the
rest of the line todo. They found a passage, across the
creek, over the dam of an old mill, charged the enemy,
captured his guns, and drove him in full retreat. The
23rd, following in support, in their turn, filed through
the swamps, crossed the dam, gathered up a number of
demoralized rebels, who had thrown away their arms and
taken refuge in the woods, and, finally, settled down to
all the discomfort of a fireless bivouac in a mid-winter
swamp.

KINSTON.

14 Dec. Kinston, on the left bank of the Neuse, was
defended by batteries between it and the river, by four
light guns, likewise entrenched on their side of the river
and placed so as to command the bridge, and by a consid-
erable force of infantry thrown across the river and occu-
pying a meeting-house and rifle-pits commanding the open
KINSTON, 1862. 121

country and the approaches to the bridge from the right
bank.

Foster’s line was drawn across the road leading to the
bridge.

Gen. Wessels’s brigade, to which the 23rd was tempo-
rarily attached, had the advance. Major Chambers had
vainly begged for a position in the first line but was re-
fused on account of the emptiness of the regimental cart-
ridge boxes and the impossibility of filling them in time.
He was sent in on the left of the road and found ample
occupation in resisting the movement to the rear of a vet-
eran Peninsular regiment in his front. ,

On the right of the road three regiments lay in three
lines accomplishing nothing, which had been reported
to the commanding officer. Foster sent for the 10th
Conn., and, when it reported from its place near the left
of the column, directed it to file to the right, in the rear
of the three regiments, and then, facing towards the en-
emy, to attack him, with the aforesaid three regiments,
if practicable, without them, marching over them, if
must be.

In this statement and order Gen. Foster hardly did jus-
tice to the regiments in the swamp. They had found no
little difficulty from the nature of the ground (the rebels,
it is said, had thought the swamp impassable), and had,
at considerable loss, forced the enemy’s skirmish-line back
to the open and to the shelter of the meeting-house.

One of the regiments, the 45th M. V. M., held a posi-
tion at the edge of the woods and thus opened a nearly
unimpeded path for reinforcements.

The gallant 10th pushed on to the open, and, regardless
of the enemy’s fire, commenced file-firing in return.

Seeing that the enemy’s fire began to slacken and that
he was retiring towards the bridge, the 10th, leaving
122 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

ninety killed and wounded to mark their position on the
knoll at the edge of the swamp, charged with the bayonet
and turned the retreat into a rout. Finding that many
were likely to escape and perhaps be troublesome in the
works on the other bank, the 10th halted and opened
fire on the bridge itself. This turned the rout into a
surrender. All the rebels, who were still on the right
bank of the river, threw down their arms and sought shel-
ter. A battery of the 3rd N. Y., coming up in fine style,
helped the 10th in its gallant attack on an enemy whose
position, on the left bank, was still strong, with a burn-
ing bridge and an unfordable river in its front. But,
they showed little relish for fighting. A white flag soon
showed in the four gun battery.”

Kinston was ours.

The fighting, except some exchange of artillery, was
over. Not so the danger. The flames of the burning
bridge, as they reached the muskets thrown away by re-
treating rebels, exploded them. One such shot killed
Col. Gray of the 96th N. Y. The men of the 10th Conn.
and of Jenny’s Battery, forming line to the river bank,
soon extinguished the flames with the battery buckets.

They thereby rather overshot the mark. It had been
Gen. Foster’s plan to drive the enemy to burn their bridge
and then, by pretending to rebuild, hold the enemy while
a part of our force pushed unresisted towards Goldsboro.
We had saved the bridge and must use it. Most of the
troops, after securing the prisoners, marched across and
bivouacked in and about Kinston that night. The 23rd
went across towards dark after receiving the surrender of
sixty-three of the 23rd South Carolina.

 

21The description of the battle of Kinston is based upon a newspaper account
by Brev. Brig. Gen. J. L. Otis, then Major of the 10th Conn., and the report of Lt.
Col. Leggett, its commander,
FORAGING. 123

Sergt. Carlton of ‘F,’ slightly wounded and Rollo Bur-
rill, Corp. of ‘B,’ who died 14 Jan., ’63, of wound in
thigh, were the only losses to the regiment in this action.

15 Dec., ’62. We had Kinston, which we did not care
for. The enemy, after a slight show of resistance, the
afternoon before, had retired to his fortified positions west
of the town to await our advance. News had come of
Burnside’s bloody repulse at Fredericksburg and the con-
sequent release of large forces to oppose our little column.
Lee, it appears, had telegraphed to Goldsboro’ that he
could send 30,000 men, if necessary. It remained to be
seen whether the objects of the expedition—the destruc-
tion of the railroad, and, especially, of the bridge at
Goldsboro’—could be accomplished by strategy in spite
of the gathering hordes.

A party of cavalry and light artillery had re-crossed
the bridge and pushed up the right bank of the Neuse
during the night. Early to-day, while a column made a
strong feint of moving directly west, the rest of our
forces began to follow the cavalry along the right bank.
It took half the day to evacuate the town. <A complete
destruction of the enemy’s stores, which he himself had
fired on his retreat, occupied some time.

The 23rd had the advance to-day with the usual com-
pensations of that position—an easy march at their own
pace and the opportunity to forage a virgin country.
Many of the men will recall the zest which the long
march and ill-laden haversack gave to the loot that night.
Some may remember the difficulties which the Assistant-
Surgeon in charge found could occur between mutton on
the hoof and the broiled chop on the plate. Some sheep
had been penned in an angle of a rail-fence. Their
captors offered the Doctor one of them if he would carry
it to camp—a feat for which he felt quite capable. That
experiment resulted in the Doctor getting a roll on the
124 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

sacred soil and the sheep bounding away in short-lived
freedom. Convinced, but hungry and undaunted, he was
still sure that he could carry a carcass, and, in this, with
sufficient help, he succeeded. He writes that he is very
sure that the Adjutant and others who were much amused
at his struggle with the sheep, none the less relished their
share of the mutton.

WHITEHALL.

Whitehall, an action in which the 23rd especially dis-
tinguished itself,— perhaps reached the high-water-mark
in all that constitutes the efficient regiment— was not, nor
was it intended that it should be, a battle. It was only a
feint, a pretence of anxiety on our part to cross the river
while we were really destroying the railroad towards Wil-
mington. It lacks then the usual meed of victory ,— cap-
tured colors, guns, prisoners. They were safe behind a
narrow but unfordable river.

The force of cavalry and artillery before mentioned,
under Major Garrard of the 3rd N. Y. Cav., had gone to
Whitehall, the night before, for the purpose of burning
the bridge. In this they were forestalled by a retreating
regiment which burned the bridge behind it. They found
a formidable gun-boat building on the left bank, and, after
an ineffectual attempt to destroy it by fire,—the gallant
New York cavalry man, who had stripped and swam the
river for that purpose, being revealed to the rebel sharp-
shooters by the very brand from the burning bridge on
which, after his swim, he must rely for fire—had riddled
the unfinished hull with shot from their guns and ridden
away.

Of course the 23rd had yielded the advance to some
other regiment. When it arrived on the battle-field it
was ordered to support the 17th Mass. and 9th N. J.
   

tee Re rem rer,
A BSSS SS EALSAAS OED HD Go,

 

Ist Serg. Chas. Kilburn, ‘H’.

  

2nd Lt. Robert Dollard. G. W. Nason, Jr., ‘H’

 

J. W. Page, ‘B’. Ist Serg F. A. Marsh, ‘H’.
WHITEHALL. 125

which had been deployed as skirmishers on or near the
river bank.

“Gloomy woods clothed both banks of the river, ex-
cept on the south side, where a large clearing had been
made, among the trees forming a sort of amphitheatre.
The ground sloped steeply to the river.””

Over the verge of that amphitheatre the regiment came
marching by the flank, went, on right by file, into line,
rectified its alignment, marched forward to and through
the fringe of woods on the river-bank, so near that officers
in the line discharged their revolvers across the river at
the enemy, stood there, at give and take, till many had
fired their forty rounds, till ten had been killed and
fifty-two wounded, stood, spite of the dangers of short-
timed shells and boughs lopped from the trees by our own
batteries in the rear, till recalled, and then marched, in ac-
curate line, up the bloody slope, singing “ Rally round
the flag, etc.”

Major Dollard, then 1st Sergt. of ‘E’ describes the
scene as follows:

“We were halted by the roadside within a few hundred
yards of the fatal field which, within two hours, was to
become the last resting place of so many of our brave
fellows, when the command, ‘ Attention, Battalion,’ came
from the lips of Major Chambers, with the firmness and
decision of a bugle blast. Our guns were brought to the
shoulder and orders given to ‘ prime—reshoulder— face
to the right, forward —march—’ were executed. Arriv-
ing at a point, in rear of where it was desired to rest our
right in line of battle, followed the command, ‘On right
by tile into line.’ This order executed, the regiment was

 

22 Caynga in the Field.
126 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

ordered to lie down that the enemy’s fire might pass over
us.

In a few minutes we were on our feet again and the
command came in the clear, ringing tones of Major Cham-
bers, ‘Battalion, Forward,’ and, after a long pause,
‘where in H—I and d—n are those color and general
guides’? In those moments of uncertainty, doubt, peril,
pride and patriotism, that question, in that language, in
that manner of utterance, was pregnant with the spirit of
heroism and could alone be inspired by the audacity of
genius. The right general-guide and the colors advanced
six paces. Co. ‘E’ was on the left, and, no left general-
guide having been appointed, Sergt. Burbank, six feet, or
upwards, in height, hurriedly placed himself in position.
Then, deliberately and forcibly, came the rest of the order,
* March.’

I was a file-closer, commanding the second platoon
of Co. ‘E,’ and had an opportunity to observe that
march—the old 23rd moved across that plain of death
with the accuracy and steadiness of the best disciplined
troops on the field of review. Not a man was out of
step. The line was perfect. It reminded me of the
movement of officers to the front and centre at dress-
parade. I seem to see that line now, after a lapse of
twenty-one years, as the men marched, shoulder to
shoulder, to the dreadful slaughter that struck down so
many of their number within one hour. The counter-
march, from the windrow of dead and dying that marked
the place of the regiment on the river-bank, was no less
remarkable for its perfect order and excited the admira-
tion, even of those who had no knowledge of the terrible
ordeal to which we had been subjected while engaged
with the enemy.”

The rebel-sharpshooters, from their secure vantage, had
 

ASST, SURG. JACOB ROBERTS,
CASUALTIES AT WHITEHALL.

such control of the field that parties volunteering to re-
cover the bodies of the dead were unable to reach them,
not ouly just after the action, but, as well, when the
column was moving towards New Berne, three days later.

Dr. Roberts found his first location, on the slope, too
much exposed and even saw men hit, beyond him, on the
hill, after he had reached the partial protection of a
The wounded, at first treated on the bare

hollow.

ground, were afterwards taken to neighboring houses.

CASUALTIES AT WHITEHALL.

Fowler, William T.,
Story, Joseph W.,
Raymond, Harvey A.,
Westgate, Benjamin,
Almy, Hiram H.,
Manning, Charles,
Pierce, Frank,

Stone, Franklin J.,
Fletcher, Daniel,
Griffin, Addison,

Terhune, William,
Sears, Charles H.,
Briggs, George,
Stevens, Edward,
Glover, Charles F.,
Peatfield, William P.,

Edgett, Isaac H.,
Smith, Frederic W.,
Hall, Edward A.,
Brown, George A.,
Druhan, Nicholas,
Gunnison, Frank H.,
Verry, Herbert W.,
Griffin, Benjamin H.,
Pew, Charles H.,

KILLED.

Sergeant,

Private,
6

Corporal,

Private,
“ce

“cc

DIED OF WOUNDS.

Corporal,

Private,
ce

WOUNDED.
Sergt.-Major,
Sergeant,
Corporal,

Private,
ec

“ce

ec

Sergeant,
Corporal,

Co.

Oo

2 BOP

a

HO
128 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Donnovan, Dennis, Private, Co. C.
Proctor, John J., ts ca 6e
Hart, Samuel C., Captain, DD.
Leary, Daniel, Private, Se 88
Peirce, Charles D., “ kk
Sherman, Henry F., “ “ck
Braley, John R., 7 « B,
Lee, Nathan, ‘“ bck
Southworth, Thomas, “ eee
Smith, Benj. H., T3 cc
Swift, Wm. R., “ “6
Hayward, Charles H., Lieut. oR,
Ellison, Albert C., Private, See ase
Hinckley, George O., “ a
Nourse, George H., “ 6
Saunders, Oliver H., & ory)
Wadleigh, Curtis E., “ ee
Allen, Joseph C., “ ” GC,
Caswell, Joseph W., “6 ce be
Clarke, Wm. T., 6c oe 6b
Pickett, George A., “ woe
Kilburn, Charles, Sergeant, “ H
Prescott, Wm. H., Corporal, S886
Beckermann, Wm. H., Private, oer ice
Curlin, Michael, “s “
Delano, Alonzo, “ wo
Dickinson, James W., “ wee
Halpine, Michael C., “ ete
Humphrey, George E., 6 eck
McKenzie, Robert, “ 66
Marsh, Frederick A., “ «“ &
O’Brien, James, “ wu
Todd, Boyd, “ sc
Crotty, Patrick, te “ ,
Lewis, Elbridge S., 6 sees
Reeves, John I., “ “66
Flood, Patrick, “ . KK,

Sergt. Fowler of ‘A’ went into the fight with a fixed
presentiment that death awaited him, but refused an
offer of duty at the rear, saying, “If I took it and saved
my life so, I should never hear the last of it.” Story of
*C’ was instantly killed by one of our shells. Briggs of
GOLDSBORO. 129

‘E,’ “a very quiet, intelligent, gentlemanly man,” was
heard to defend the jollification of himself and comrades,
over the victory and apple-jack of Kinston, with the plea,
that, what was likely to be so short might well be made a
merry life. He, really, died, a prisoner, twenty days
after the fight. Almy of ‘F,’ died instantly, and Manning
barely lived to be carried a short distance to the rear.
Southworth of ‘E’ was reported dead but was really taken
prisoner, after lying forty-eight hours on the field, and ex-
changed after four and a half months at Richmond, Va.

Our acting-brigadier, Col. Amory, is said to have
promised that the 23rd should not be called upon for any
more fighting during the expedition, but could not per-
suade Major Chambers to yield his place at the right of
the brigade. In this order we marched to the battlefield
at Goldsboro’, arrived in time to see the smoke from the
burning bridge and know that a prominent object of the
expedition was accomplished.

* Homeward bound.” New Berne had been home long
enough to make the boys feel so when the order came to
retrace their steps. They marched some five miles and
had already their fires started and the coffee-pots on when
word came of an attack upon the rear guard. Unhesi-
tatingly, however wearily, they started at a rapid gait to
help their endangered comrades and were gladdened, after
some three miles of hurried countermarch, on learning that
their services were not required but that the batteries of
Belger and Morrison, with their infantry supports, had
been more than enough for the occasion and had repelled,
with great slaughter, the gallant rebel assault.

18th. The whole column started early for a long march.
Part of the way was made very disagreeable by the woods
burning all around. “ All the foliage was burned offand the
tree-trunks, blackened, or, at times, covered with pearly

9
180 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

ashes, looked like ghosts in the smoky atmosphere. The
air was so full of smoke and cinders that we were black
as coalheavers and could hardly recognize intimate friends
when we reached the welcome bivouac.” At Whitehall
the Surgeons paused awhile to care for the wounded and
put them in ambulances. Dr. Roberts was put in charge
of the train.

19th. Reached Kinston by noon. All the wounded,
save those already forwarded by a gun-boat on the Neuse,
were added to the ambulance train. This persistent forced
marching was something that few, in the column, were
used to. One, a city-bred youth, of the “ pony-squad,”
was put to hard straits but persisted in such a manner as to
vindicate the rapid promotion he had received. Early on
the march, swollen feet had driven him to cut off his
boots and being unable to replace them, he each day col-
lected cast-off socks and put them on—even five-fold.
Thus guarded, he would make a brave start o’ mornings
and persevere, his extra socks going as the miles were
added, till evening and the bivouac found him barefoot.

Let us allow “ Guidon,” another member of ‘F,’ to tell
the story in his own words.

RETURNING FROM WHITEHALL.

“Steadily we pace along the dusty road on our return to
Newbern. The battles of Kinston, Whitehall, and Golds-
boro’, have been fought and won, and the advance of the
column is two miles from Whitehall on its return.

The welcome sound of ‘Hult’ is heard, and gladly the
wearied soldier sinks by the roadside to rest. It is only
for a few moments, when ‘forward’ is again the word
and we are again pressing on towards the wished-for goal.
As we near that ever memorable battle ground, we are
ordered to close up, and keep the files dressed, ready to
THE MARCH. 131

come to the front at any moment. Soon the trees that
line the river’s bank break upon our view, and all eyes
are turned in the direction of the narrow stream, where
but four days ago our men met the foe, and where too,
some of our bravest and best are now sleeping their last,
dreamless sleep. :

Silently and sadly we pass the spot, thinking of our
comrades whom we are to leave behind. Nor do we know
but rebel eyes are looking on us now. It may be those
eyes are now sighting the deadly rifle; and who of us
shall be the victim? Who of us shall be brought low
without a moment’s warning? Perhaps the death dealing
howitzer is already pointed, to hurl its canister and grape
into our very midst.

We pass on in silence, yet this silence seems almost op-
pressive, while the rattling of tin dippers upon our haver-
sacks and the creaking of the wheels of the wagon train
behind us, strike painfully upon the ear. Slowly and
sadly we climb the hill and pass away from the dread
spot, never more to look upon it. Two holly leaves,
picked from a bush near the battle field, with the painful
thoughts with which I remember the 16th of December,
are the only relics of Whitehall.

THE BIVOUAC.

It is about 4 o’clock in the afternoon. The hot sun,
which, throughout the long, long day, has been pouring
down upon us, is now slowly descending towards the
western horizon.

Tired and footsore, the weary soldier begins to cast
longing looks towards the head of the column, to see if
there are not some signs of a halt. Shortly, thin columns
of smoke are seen rising above the tops of the trees, far
in the distance, while low murmurs of ‘There are the
132 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

camp fires—they have halted—good,’ etc., pass from
mouth to mouth, and with renewed energies the tired men
trudge along, thankful for that slight promise of rest.

At last the summit of the elevation is reached, and,
spread out to view on either hand, are long lines of
stacked arms belonging to regiments whose day’s march
is already finished, and whose members may be seen
busying themselves about the fires, cooking their evening
meal.

Filing into the field on the right, our arms are stacked,
ranks broken, and all are away for the nearest rail fence.
After each company has collected a sufficient quantity of
rails, fires are kindled. Now for a foraging party. Any-
thing eatable must suffer. Hungry soldiers are not at all
particular. Chickens, ducks, or pigs, come in for“a share
of attention. Wherever found, they must die, notwith-
standing their loud protestations, each in his own style.

‘Quack,’ ‘quack,’ says a huge blue coat, as he walks
up to the fire, throwing down a brace of fine, fat ducks.
‘Wee, wee,’ squeals a porker, slung on a pole between
two foragers, as they tumble him down, in no very gentle
manner by the side of the fire. Here come the sweet
potatoes, and now for the supper. The pig is soon
stripped of his raiment and made into bacon. The ducks
are dressed, sweet potatoes are roasted, the coffee boiled,
and, amid lively jokes— sayings, perhaps more witty than
wise—and peals of laughter, their meal is discussed.

But think not, kind reader, who at home sits round the
well-filled board, surrounded by loved and loving friends,
that this is always the case. Oftener it is only a ‘hard
tack’ and cup of coffee. He thanks his stars if he is not
obliged to go to his hard couch without a fire, in which
case he is obliged to go without his coffee too.

But supper is soon over, when the bed is prepared ;
“HOME AGAIN.” 133

that is, the moss, or the cornstalks, or whatever the
soldier has been provident enough to collect. If he has
neglected this, his rubber blanket, spread upon the ground
or wrapped about him, with the broad canopy above, is
his only covering. Some turn in as soon as supper is
over, wisely thinking of the hard march in store for them
on the morrow. Not so with all. Gathered in small
groups around their camp-fires they remain for two or
three hours, talking of war matters and telling stories,
perhaps of the last fight in which they were engaged.”

20 Dec. The column has reached, or nearly so, our lines.
Straggling ahead is now permissible. There was little in-
ducement to indulge in the more common form. Dr.
Roberts has permission to keep his train in motion and
gets his*vounded to the hospitals in New Berne. Empty
wagons are plenty. With permission or without, they
find footsore occupants. A sharp eye may detect both
Guidon and the hero of the socks in one of them. The
column bivouacs once more near Deep Gully, and, next
day, the regiments reach their old quarters. A quotation
from a private letter may serve as a sockdolager to this
sketch of the GoldsboroExpedition. “In two days after our
return I was in as good condition to travel as before we
started. Ha! Ha! It makes me laugh when you write that
it may make me sick. Your L— is now a pretty tough
piece of humanity as to endurance—if he don’t weigh but
one hundred and twenty pounds—, and can tote his mus-
ket and equipments with more ease for as many miles as
much bigger fellows.”
CHAPTER VIII.
1863.

SOUTH CAROLINA. RETURN. MARCH TO WASHINGTON. CAROLINA CITY.
QUARTER MASTER GOLDTHWAIT. ASST. SURG. ROBERTS. FORT SPIN-
OLA. BOGUE ISLAND. WILCOX BRIDGE. FORT HECKMAN. CEDAR
POINT. ASST. SURG. CUMMINGS. STREET’S FERRY. WINTON. CHAP-
LAIN CLARKE. BROAD CREEK. SWAN QUARTER. EDENTON.

12 Jan’y 63. The expected order came for a move-
ment, as then thought, upon Wilmington. Rations were
prepared for the men’s haversacks, and the officers bought
their private stores. The out-lying companies were called
in. The line tents were struck and packed. The regi-
ment bivouacked in readiness for an early start.

13 Jan’y. Marched to rail-road, embarked for Caro-
lina City, pitched a camp on the sandy plain destined to
beeome more familiar next summer, and waited. Two
facts are noted by the diarists of these times. The abun-
dant shell-fish, oysters and quahaugs, which could be had,
for the picking-up, on the flats near the camp, and the rain
storm on the night of 15th and 16th, which, pulling the
tent-pegs from the sandy soil, gave many tent-squads an
unexpected shower bath. Parades, drills and inspections
left little idle time till19 Jan’y, le. m. Struck camp and
marched to Morehead City under orders toembark. Some
hitch occurred and the men were ordered to find shelter
in unoccupied houses. There were enough of these for
tolerable comfort.

20 Jan’y. Carried to the transport, James Morton, on
our old friend the stern-wheeler “ Union” sometimes “the
wheel-barrow ” and, more familiarly known by a descrip-

(134)
BEAUFORT HARBOR. 135

tive title, fitter for the camp than for polite society, and
readily suggested by her long, black narrowness and her,
to many, novel application of power, her vis a lergo.

“The ship James Morton was built in 1856, at Thom-
aston, Me., of 1050 tons, register. On the berth-deck
were bunks, three tiers high, for four men each.” These
bunks were not so comfortable as the canvas cots and mat-
tresses of the Highlander, but the passages were roomier
and the deck larger and better sheltered with high bul-
warks. Still, the whole 23rd and a part of the 81st N. Y.
Inf. crowded her. The line officers were quartered on
the after part of the berth deck. At first disposed to
complain of the darkness of their quarters, they speedily
became reconciled. They managed theirown mess. The
field and staff were quartered in the house on deck, and
messed at the Captain’s table.

These were lively times in Beaufort Harbor. The huge
fleet was in all the variety of gun-boat, store-ships and
transports, and the latter were crowded with soldiers.
By day, more than once, an expensive divertissement was
provided in the burning of steamboats ; by night, the many
twinkling lights, especially of those vessels that had been
towed over towards Fort Macon and anchored in line,
aroused a passing interest.

Still, prison life is irksome to healthy youth, and, none
the less, when the prison is rolling heavily in the swell
of an ill-protected harbor. The animal spirits which had,
till a few days past, been kept under by the fatigue of
daily drills and parades, must find a vent; and, in a ship
crowded like the Morton, that vent is apt to be in mis-
chief. The officers, many of them fresh from the ranks
and especially the warrant officers, separated from thé
men, if at all, by the thinnest and frailest of official parti-
tions, can exercise but little control over a turbulent deck

co
136 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

jn the daytime and immeasurably less over a ’tween-
decks crowded with fun-loving youngsters after dark.

One of the diarists likens the Morton to “a U. S. Me-
nagerie where the animals cannot make noise enough.”
He enumerates wrestling, smoking, fighting, sewing,
dancing, swearing, climbing, gambling, writing, eating,
washing, singing, working, chewing, reading and “flour-
ing the niggers,” among the occupations in vogue ; and
casually mentions eight fights in one day. Is it any won-
der that he spent one pleasant day, of off duty, mostly in
the rigging whence he counted thirty steamers and sixty
sailing craft ?

Not unlikely some of my readers can supplement the
list with other pastimes. Some will recollect the chaff-
ing which, coming from the undistinguishable crowd of
the berth-deck after taps, was intended for the, more or
less, sensitive ears of line-officers in their quarters.

Another aggravation to the 23rd was the sight of trans-
port after transport leaving them, even 78 schooners and
store ships and 32 steamers in one day, while the Morton
drew too much water to venture across the bar. Mean-
while, in a two days’ blow, the ship dragged a mile and
then lay thumping at intervals. A flag of distress was
raised but the sea was too high for help to come.

31 Jan.,’62. Withthe aid of the steamer Jas. Freeborn,
the Morton finally crossed the bar with only one thump.
Gen. Foster and staff, bringing up the rear, passed the
Morton some fifteen miles out.

Off Wilmington we were hailed by a blockader. In
answer to the second question, “Where from,” our skipper,
thinking of a former trip, answered, “Pensacola.” This
brought the gun-boat down upon us, all hands at quarters,
and guns run out. Fortunately a parley was tried first,
and proper explanations pacified our zealous friends.
SAINT HELENA. 137

The first week or more after the arrival at Port Royal,
the regiment remained on board ship. The roomy har-
bor held a varied assortment of sea-going craft. In one
direction, the Vermont, recently brought forth from her
life-long incompleteness at Charlestown, blocked the view
with her huge black hulk. In another, could be seen the
long black hull, nearly awash, and the turret of the Wee-
hawken. We still believed in the resistless might of the
Monitors. Visits to these vessels were in order. Men
found that the sea in that huge harbor could run high
enough to renew, for passengers in row boats, the tor-
tures of old Ocean.

8 Feb. The first anniversary of Roanoke fight was
commemorated with a ration of whiskey.

10 Feb. Towed across nearer St. HelenaIsland. The
experiment of trying to keep our force a distinct command
in another’s department began to develop difficulties which,
it would seem, needed no great prescience to forecast.
Gen. Foster left for the North, as was generally supposed,
to secure an authoritative settlement of the question of
command.

11 Feb. The regiment landed, and encamped. The men
looking forward to a lengthy stay, made haste to utilize
the local materials, flooring their tents with the long gray
moss, and making awnings for shade with palmetto leaves.

12 Feb. Gen. Hunter issued an order assuming that
our force was a reinforcement to his command, and subject
to his orders. The discontent along the line, at this sum-
mary and seemingly unexpected change, found expression
in protest and practical revolt among the general and staff
officers. Some of these were put in arrest. One result of
these changes was that Gen. Heckman was put in command
of a division, and Col. de Forrest over our brigade.
138 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

About these times occurred the most marked difficulty
between officers and men in the history of the regiment.
Persistent laxity in attendance at roll-calls, and many in-
fractions of discipline were met by new, and, the men
thought, excessive punishment. Men were sentenced in
numbers to knapsack and log drills, other some were
punished by the buck and gag, and, in that condition, ex-
posed to public view at dress-parade, finally; a row of
stocks was set up and did not lack tenants. To prevent
plotting, companies were restricted to their own quarters.
At battalion drill, the regiment was formed in square
and addressed by the Colonel. Nineteen men were sent
under arrest to Hilton Head. The insubordination
ceased.

Acting Brig. Gen. De Forrest’s postponement of a
brigade-drill, on account of rain, from Saturday to Sun-
day, coming to the knowledge of Gen. Heckman was met
by a division order requiring that Sunday duties should
be limited strictly to the requirements of the U. S. Reg-
ulations. Some will recall that our acting brigadier was
very dependent upon the inside of his hat for inspiration
during brigade-drill.

3 Mch. A Lieut. of the 3rd U. S. A., inspected
the regiment and imparted some new ideas as to the mean-
ing of the word. Some of the company officers, perhaps
from the novelty of the situation, did not earn much praise
for their efforts in company and battalion drill.

6 Mch. The regiment rearranged its camp and im-
proved it, but no change could avoid the blinding clouds of
whirling sand. Gen. Naglee had been ordered out of the
department. Gen. Heckman went with a party of offi-
cers of the 9th N. J. and 23rd, to say good-bye. As
spokesman of the party, Gen. Heckman said:
SAINT HELENA. 139

““We have come to bid you farewell. * * * Wedeeply regret the
separation. We regret its causes. We regret the manner in which
it has been brought about, and we regret the results we reasonably
may expect. You carry with you on your departure our hearts and
our hopes. Would to God you could carry with you our persons
and ourarms! * * * * With my whole heart, General, I bid you
‘* Farewell!”

3 April. Finally the regiment started, in a pouring
rain, nearly midnight, partly to the steamer United States,
and partly to the Morton, on their way, as they fondly
hoped, to take a hand in the capture of Charleston. Not
till the 5th did they fairly start, and then a few hours
through the heavy swell of the open ocean brought them
to the mouth of the North Edisto where they lay till sun-
set, when the gun-boat S. Carolina led the United States,
Gen. Heckman’s Head-quarter boat, through the fleet
and a short distance into the river. Here they lay listen-
ing to the distant booming of the attack on Sumter, study-
ing the pretty village on the bank and the more pretentious
houses across the river, wondering what caused the heavy
columns of smoke rising inland, watching the shells oc-
casionally thrown from the mortar-schooners, and setting
double guard at night against possible fire ships, till the
10th, when, even after some men were already in the
surf-boats on their way ashore, the dispatch-boat Nellie
Baker made her appearance, with orders, and the whole
fleet returned to Hilton Head.

While we were in South Carolina the orders were is-
sued which resulted in reinforcing our army with 300,000
disciplined colored soldiers. Of the 66 men selected from
the army for commissions in the “ Corps d’ Afrique” forty-
eight were from Massachusetts, and of these four were
from the 28rd, all original members of Co.‘F’. 8S. P.
Driver, Qr. Mr. Sergt. and Sergts. P. T. Derby, P. M.
Fowler and L. M. Emilio. The service was not popular.
140 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

It required no little moral courage to gratify ambition
by way of a commission in the “nigger regiments.”

14 April, ’63. The regiment was ordered to North Caro-
lina. Great jubilation. Very little of satisfaction or credit
accrued to the regiment from its trip to South Carolina.
The unfortunate uncertainty as to the commanding officer,
the consequent quarrels of Foster and Hunter and the
doubt whether we might after all be transferred to another
department (making what seemed a mere expedition a
permanent separation from familiar scenes and friends),
hung over us all the time. Our own officers, whether as-
suming for the first time the full responsibility of com-
mand, or fresh from the restraints that limit all enlisted
men, seemed, on the one hand, to assume that increased
martinetism will condone and remedy undue laxity, and,
on the other hand, forgot that a self-imposed propriety is
expected of the commissioned officer. The men spoiled
by the lax discipline of the transport were unduly restless
under the increased toil and stricter rule of the camp.
There were three months of idleness, much of it spent on
the crowded transports. The life on shore was an al-
ternation of pouring rain and blinding sand-storms, of
broiling sun and shivering sea breeze. There had been
no experience and there seemed no prospect of battle. We
were glad to escape and return to the familiar scenes of
North Carolina.

Thinking that Gen. Hunter might regret the loss of the
brigade and countermand its departure, Gen. Heckman
ordered all steamahead. In fact a steamboat did pursue
us for that very purpose, but nobody saw her. The pleas-
ure of a return to North Carolina was all needed to com-
pensate the discomforts of that rough passage. To crown
all, the steamer was tossed about off the bar of Beaufort
Harbor for twenty-four hours, before the sea was quiet
WASHINGTON, N. C. 141

enough for the pilot to come out. Companies ‘A,’ and
‘Kx,’ on the Morton fared even worse. They did not get
ashore till midnight of the 17th.

North Carolina was as glad to see us, as we to return.
At Morehead we learned that Gen. Foster was closely be-
sieged at Washington, N. C., and of the ill-success of
Spinola’s attempt to raise the siege. On a hastily im-
provised train of platform cars, with the brigade flag and
the 23rd’s national colors in the front, we hurried off for
New Berne. That city had some fear of its own safety if
Hill should take Washington. Men could be heard on
the thronged sidewalks, as our brigade marched through
the streets, saying, “ We are safe now.” Gen. Foster had
escaped and received us at his head-quarters, joined in the
enthusiastic cheers with which his staff hailed our return,
and promised us speedy work to do.

The men, tired with the tedious voyage, were glad to be
marched to and camped upon the Fair Grounds, but, ere
they slept, did full justice to the half barrel of whiskey,
sent with the Commd’g General’s thanks and congratula-
tions. Gen. Foster, justly indignant at the half-hearted
measures of his lieutenant, and disgusted with the fiasco
of the former attempt, collected all available force to raise
the siege.

17 April, 63. In spite of their fatigue the men were
ready for the orders, which reached us at 7 a. M., to join
the column; and in fact, after crossing the Neuse, were
compelled to wait some hours for other troops. At3 P.M.
at the head of the column, in their own department, under
their favorite commander, the 23rd pushed gaily out some
eight miles to bivouac. The next day they marched six-
teen miles. The third day, after five miles, more caution
was called for. Line of battle was formed. The 9th N.
J., which came with us from South Carolina, went forward
142 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

as skirmishers, and, in time, the regiment reached and
bivouacked in the evacuated works of the enemy, who had
turned to other fields.

25 April. To camp, on the site of our camp of last
January, at Carolina City. With an idea that their
stay might be long and, perhaps, with the growing con-
viction of veterans that preparation for their comfort is al-
ways worth while, however short their stay may be, the
men made their tents very comfortable. Stockades, some
four or five feet high with the Sibley tent atop, not only
make a wide available floor for the cotton house but per-
mit bunks, in tiers, around the walls. Swallows and
martins, taking to the houses provided as readily as though
born to the confusion of military life, enlivened the camp.

Joseph Alexander Goldthwait was born in Salem, 20
Aug., 1813. He was, for several years, a member of the
Salem Mechanic Light Infantry, and afterwards, A. D.C.
to Brig. Gen. Wm. Sutton from 42 till ’49. He was our
first regimental quarter-master, and acted as such till
7 July ’62, when he was appointed Post Commissary
and, after Capt. Goodrich left North Carolina, 12 Aug.,
62, was Acting Department Commissary. He was ap-
pointed Commissary with rank of Captain U.S. V., 22
April, 63, was commissioned as such, 8 March, ’64, and
on 30 March, ’65, was brevetted “ Major” for meritorious
services during the war. In June, ’64, Capt. Goldthwait
was ordered to Beaufort, S. C., and was Commissary there
when Gen. Howard’s Corps of Sherman’s army passed
through. He resigned 15 Aug., 65. After an unfortu-
nate venture in business at the South, he settled down in
Salem. He had charge of The Old Men’s Home and died
there 2 Sept., ’79.

16 June, 63. Asst. Surgeon Jacob Roberts, who had
been closely engaged with the regimental work during his
 

R. Q. M. JOS. A. GOLDTHWAIT.
DR. ROBERTS. 143

service of ten months, resigned. He did not receive his
discharge till the 25th and was relieved on the 29th. Dr.
Roberts was born in Philadelphia, 21 March, 1836. His
means were of the narrowest. As he approached man-
hood he was compelled to earn at his trade, he was a
skilled plasterer, the means to pursue his studies at the
Seminary and the Medical College. After he had attended
two full courses of medical lectures, the war broke out.
He passed the necessary examination, was made Medical
Cadet, U. S. A., and assigned, among other places, to Fort
Warren, Boston, fur duty. He continued his studies,
got permission to go before the Faculty of the University
of Pennsylvania, and was graduated in Medicine, 12
March, 762. After leaving the 23rd, he was contract
Asst. Surgeon in the hospitals of Philadelphia for some
months, but soon settled down to private practice at 2033
Green St., Phil., where he has since remained. ‘“ He has
built up a large and lucrative practice, and to-day, as a
skilful physician, a warm and well-tried friend, and a ge-
nial companion, he stands a peer among his fellow-men.”
He married in ’64 and has had four children.

26 June, 63. Company ‘D’ was sent to garrison
Fort Spinola, an unfinished battery of five guns, two 64’s
and three 32’s, on the right bank of the Neuse about two
miles below New Berne. Remaining here till 20 Aug.,
they joined the regiment in barracks near the Fair Grounds.

28 June. Capt. Kent of Co ‘H,’ acting upon informa-
tion received from refugees living near his camp on Bogue
island, to the effect that a regular communication had been
established between parties in Beaufort and others in On-
slow Co., outside our lines, took a party of nineteen and
proceeded to investigate. A march of twelve miles

 

33 Golden Rule, Dec., ’83,
144 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

brought them at noon to the house of one Elza Smith,
where the exchange of mails was said to take place on
Sundays. He did not find the suspected people but did
discover a mail which, however, was yo free from treason-
able matter as to raise the suspicion that it had been made
up for such examination. He pushed on a mile to the
house of one Thomas Willis, and there took a wherry and
a revolver, the one, as useful to his command, the other,
as improper to a civilian in war time. The party reached
their own camp about midnight, having marched some
twenty-six miles since the morning.

2 July, Cos" A,’ “BY? “EB, °F,’ and “I,” were or-
dered to Washington, N. C. They left Carolina City,
under command of Capt. Brewster. At New Berne the
order was countermanded and the companies quartered in
barracks on the Fair Ground. Co ‘D’” still at Fort Spi-
nola.

Co’s ‘C,’ ' G,’ 'H,’ and ‘K,’ were ordered to New Berne
to take part in an expedition under Gen. Heckman. Capt.
Center of ‘C,’ who brought the detachment back, reported
as follows:

“« At 34 o’clock on the morning of the 4th, line was formed on the
Trent road, on the left of Fort Totten, the 23rd detachment taking
the advance. About 4 o’clock took up the march, passing over the
County bridge, through Brice’s Ferry, on the road to Trenton. We
marched about 19 miles the first day encamping between Pollocksville
and Trenton. Started at 34 a. M. of the 5th, the 23rd in rear of Belger’s
Battery, passed through Trenton about seven o’clock, marched some
three miles beyond and encamped, say ten miles. About 8 o’clock on
the 6th, received orders to proceed with a section of Belger’s Battery,
about two miles to a schoolhouse at a fork of the road. One field-
piece was placed on the main-road, the other on the road leading to
Wilcox Bridge, over the Trent river. Our force consisted of about
140 men. From the detachment at the schoolhouse a picket was
thrown out about 50 yds. in advance of the guns. Lt. Col. Chambers,
with other officers, made a reconnoissance across the bridge and came
upon a body of rebel cavalry. He returned, and then advancing again,
 

Lt. Sherman. Capt. Babson
Lt. Doble. Capt. Woodbury. Dr. Roberts. Lt. Col. Chambers. Capt. Center. Capt. C. Hart. Chap. Clarke

Twenty-Third Officers—Carolina City—1863.

 

Lt. Wheeler, 23d Mass. Surg. Woodhull, 9th N.J. Lt. Emmerton, 23d Mass. Lt. McDougall, 9th N. J
Capt. Raulston, 8lst N. Y Gen. Heckman Capt. Abel, 9th N. J. Lt. Mott, 98th N.Y.
WILCOX BRIDGE. 145

with Co. ‘G,’ towards the bridge, discovered that the rebels had
crossed. After acareful reconnoissance of the place and surroundings
it was deemed imprudent to attack the rebels with our small force, in-
asmuch as we were ordered to hold the two roads. Lt. Keith, of the
Signal Corps, was dispatched to notify Gen. Heckman of the facts.
The road was blockaded, a small guard placed at the barricade, and
the rest of the company formed to the right and rear of the gun. Mean-
while the enemy opened with his field-piece, slightly wounded three
men in Co. ‘K,’ but did no other damage and called forth no response
from our gun. The field pieces, under command of Lt. Smith, were
ordered forward to about three hundred yards of the enemy with the
23rd Detachment in support. The Adjutant reported the enemy ad-
vancing. They soon opened fire from their artillery, which was re-
turned by our Battery, and the rebels retreated to the bridge. The
9th N. J. soon came up. Gen. Heckman and staff, accompanied by Lt.
Col. Chambers, proceeded to the front. The enemy opened a third
time. A shell wounded Lt. Col. Chambers in the left shoulder, inflict-
ing a severe though not dangerous wound. Being notified of Lt. Col.
Chambers being wounded, I took command of the detachment. The
field-pieces were then advanced to the barricade, supported by the 23rd
and a vigorous fire opened on the enemy which soon obliged them to
retreat. Soon after, the look-out reported a body of cavalry approach-
ing on the other road, which proved to be the 3rd N. Y. Cav. return-
ing from their expedition. We then marched back about three miles,
where we had bivouacked the previous night, and joined the main
body, arriving about 74 p.m. About nine o’clock, we, together with
the main body, took up our march for New Berne. We marched till
about three in the morning, bivouacked, resumed the march at seven,
and reached New Berne about seven P. M., having marched in all some
sixty miles. The men stood the march in the excessively hotsun very
well, many, however, are suffering from sore feet and chafing. A day
or two will put them all right.
ADDISON CENTER,
Captain Co. C, 23rd.
To W. H. Angt, A. A. G. Commdg. Detchmt.
Heckman’s Brigade.

Col. Chambers’s wound, externally very slight, and
caused, probably, by a mere bit of shell, felt, he said, like
the stroke of a sledge-hammer. The tediousness of his
recovery was due to injury to his shoulder blade. Some
pieces of the same shell tore the crest of Col. Chambers’s

10
146 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

pet horse. It would perhaps be too much to say that the
soldier felt his horse’s wounds more keenly than his own,
but certainly, they did not add to his equanimity while
undergoing the first dressing in the field.

Captain Center’s report does not touch upon the pic-
turesque points of the expedition, of which I should put
first the extraordinary train brought in by our cavalry.
All the horses, mules, asses, bulls and steers, all the wag-
ons, carts, coaches, carryalls and buggies, all the negroes,
negresses and pickaninnies in a wide stretch of country,
had been gathered in till they formed a procession to which
the wildest show of Antiques and Horribles were deco-
rumitself. We had gone out to provide a more accessible
base to our raiding cavalry. It was no part of our design
to provoke or accept a general engagement so far from our
own base. Leaving, then, a fair start for the queer jum-
bled cortege, we too took up the line of march, and
through the long, cool hours of a brilliant midsummer
night, plodded our homeward way. Not till after sunrise
did we stop for a brief repose.

10 July, ’63. Capt. Raymond of ‘G,’ Lt. Bird of ‘K’
and Sergt. Dodge of ‘G,’ were sent with 100 men to work
on Fort Heckman at Morehead City. Each company de-
tailed was to take one tent and cooking utensils for a mess.
They remained on this duty till July 24th.

13 July. The Cedar Point expedition. Gen. Heck-
man reported :

“ Started, from Newport Barracks, at 10 a. M., 13th inst. with my
command, consisting of the 9th N. J. V. I., Col. Zabriskie; 9 compa-
nies of the 23rd Mass., Capt. Brewster; one section of Co. ‘I,’ 3rd N. Y.
Arty., Lt. Thomas; and one company of 12th N. Y. Cav’y, Capt. West,
taking the Cedar Point road to Broad Creek. Built a bridge over
Broad Creek at or near Dennis’ plantation, and proceeded as far as
Saunders, where I ordered my command to bivouac; distant from
Newport 12 miles. At5a.M., onthe 14th, had the column in motion
 

ASST. SURG. E. P. CUMMINGS.
CEDAR POINT. 147

for Cedar Point, where I arrived at 8 a. M., distant from Saunders, 9
miles. Having previously ordered the gunboat Wilson, with one
company of 81st N. Y., Capt. Raulston, to proceed down Bogue Sound,
and communicate with me at Cedar Point, upon my arrival there, and

not finding them, we encamped on Hill’s plantation and awaited her
arrival.

Ordered Capt. West, with his command, to make a reconnoissance
to Pelletier’s and Smith’s Mills and report. He returned at 4 p. M. on
the 15th and reported the bridge at Smith’s Mills on the road lead-
ing to Onslow, partly torn up. Found no pickets of the enemy until he
arrived at the bridge, found a small party there whom he routed. In
company with my staff, I proceeded as far as Pelletier’s Mills. Found
the bridge over Petiford’s Creek in fair condition, and with little labor
it could be made safe for artillery. From all the information I could
gain, the nearest point from the mouth of White Oak river for cross-
ing, is the bridge at Smith’s Mills.

9a.M., 15th. Lt. Cook, incommand of two boats from the gunboat
Wilson, reported the steamer aground about ten miles up the Sound
with no prospect of getting off. Sent the boats, with one platoon of
Co. ‘B,’ 9th N. J. in command of Capt. Harris, to take the soundings
of White Oak River, for five miles from the mouth. Reports no pos-
sible chance for fording. No casualties occurred throughout the
march.”

It would seem that this expedition, to the rank and file
a useless march, and tedious kicking of aimless heels, was
an armed scouting party to settle the question of possible
attack or, perhaps, in preparation for a movement on Wil-
mington. The march back to Newport Barracks, through
the rain, was at a rattling pace, twenty odd miles inside
of six hours.

About this time, Dr. Edward P. Cummings reported
for duty as Assistant Surgeon. He was born 19 May,
1825, at Stratham, N. H., where his father, the Rev.
Jacob Cummings, was a Congregational minister. He at-
tended several medical schools and took a degree at New
York. He had married and was practising at Exeter, N.
H., in 1861. He was acting Asst. Surgeon on the barque
Roebuck, in the blockade off Charleston. Being “almost
148 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

continually ill” on this service, he was compelled to re-
sign: He was assigned to the 23rd, 4 July, ’63, and was
on duty with the companies in the barracks, near the Fair
grounds, that summer, but, before the regiment left for
Virginia, was sent to Roanoke Island, where he remained
till muster-out. He was homeopathist and came to New
Berne with the conviction that he was going to conquer
malarial disease with very small, if not infinitesimal, doses
of qumine. After the war he settled in Newburyport
where he made many friends and had “constantly grown
in favor and in professional appreciation” until his death
on the 8th of April, ’78. He left a son and two daugh-
ters.

22 July, 63. Commands to move, and countermands
came thick to-night, anent some threatened attack from
the direction of Washington. Next day the battalion went
out, part of the way by rail and encamped at the cross-
roads. At midnight came an alarm that the enemy were
crossing at Streets Ferry. Co’s ‘A,’ ‘G,’ and ‘H’—thirty
men all told —were sent out but found nobody. All re-
turned to New Berne next day to find orders awaiting
them to join the force on what is known as the Winton
Expedition.

26 July 63. Embarked on board steamer ‘‘ Utah,” 5 a. M. for Win-
ton, N. C., with other regiments and a section of Belgier’s Rhode Isl-
and Battery, under command of General Heckman. Anchored off
mouth of Chowan River; next day arrived at Winton. On the 27th
Co. ‘G’ crossed to the opposite side of the river. Upon landing, the
Seventeenth Mass. advanced, and found a body of the enemy strongly
entrenched about three miles out; drove them from their works and
occupied their position; cavalry from Suffolk and a battery soon ar-
rived and were sent in pursuit of the flying rebels. Our regiment was
sent out to scour the country around and to guard a place called Cali-
fornia Crossroads. Onthe 80th, the cavalry returned, having captured
a number of prisoners, and destroying a large amount of property;
during our stay at this place, we captured a large number of horses,
  

Capt. F. J. Babson. Chaplain J. B. Clarke.

 

Band-Leader H. C. Brown.

  

R. Q. M. Henry B. Peirce. Capt. K. V. Martin.
WINTON. 149

mules, wagons, carts, etc., besides a large amount of cotton and for-
age. On the 30th we received orders to return to New Berne, Co’s
‘E,’ ‘F,’ *G,’ “H’ and ‘I,’ on board the Escort.” ‘A,’*B,' *C’ and
‘K,’ on the ‘* Curlew.” Arrived at New Berne on the 31st at 4 o’clock
A. M.74

Co. ‘G’ was sent across the river to receive, and, if
necessary, support the cavalry from Suffolk. The river
was so high that the men were compelled to wade hip-
deep for half a mile. After the cavalry had come and
gone, the company spent its tinfe collecting everything con-
traband of war, and destroying all that could not be brought
away. They added largely to the spoils of the expedi-
tion, and reserved a goodly supply of excellent tobacco to
* put that in their pipes and smoke it.”

Meanwhile the body of the regiment was ransacking the
country in another direction. Almost uninterrupted rain
and innumerable mosquitoes were balanced by extensive
captures and unrestricted foraging. A barrel of peach-
brandy modified the discomfort of their drenched bivouac.
A fair sky, and the route “Home again” made endur-
able the deep mud of the march back to Winton.

15 Aug., 63. Lt. Col. Chambers was out with a party
of officers on horseback. Have an impression that the
party, although large, had no definite military intention.
While crossing, at speed, a gully in the road, which had
been bridged, or rather filled, with fence rails, man and
mare came down together. The accident, which looked
bad enough, fortunately had no serious consequences.

Jonas Bowen Clarke, a graduate of Dartmouth College,
was appointed first chaplain of the 23rd, to date from 18
Sept., 1861, from civil life. He was pastor of a church
at Swampscott, Mass. 19 April, ’62, he was sent North,

 

“24Massachusetts in the Civil War.” —
150 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

with wounded, on the steamer Cossack. Two or three
times afterwards he was sent North on business in con-
nection with the U.S. San. Com. 19 Aug., 63, he re-
signed on account of ill-health. He is now Chaplain and
Librarian of the City Institutions at South Boston.

1 Sept., 63. “Seventy-eight men, under Capt. Ham-
mond, embarked on steamer Shawsheen; went up Broad
Creek in search of guerillas ; landed on both sides of the
creek; scoured the country around; made a few cap-
tures and returned to New Berne at 8 P. mu.”

21 Sept. Capt. S. C. Hart of ‘D’ took one hundred
men on the steamer, Col. Rucker, to Swan Quarter, near
the mouth of Pamlico River. Their object was the rescue
of certain Union men from prison. They met no armed
resistance and found no prisoners. After a few hours
sojourn, long enough for a taste of the local honey and
peach brandy, they returned to New Berne.

10 Oct. An expedition, under command of Col. Mix,
third N. Y. Cav’y, made up of a squadron of cavalry, a
section of artillery and about one hundred of the 23rd
under Capt. W. L. Kent of ‘H,’ was organized for the
purpose of breaking up a nest of bushwhackers who had
their head-quarters in the swamp to the north of Elizabeth
City and Edenton, and made forays upon the so-called
Union men of the neighborhood.

Having landed at Elizabeth City, without opposition,
Capt. Kent was ordered to hold the town, with the artil-
lery and infantry, retaining all who came iin, and permitting
none to pass out.

‘‘We picketed all the roads and, for two days, hived all the small

farmers, old women and boys who came in, making it very unpleasant
for all, who, without exception, came to me and offered to prove that

 

25 Rep. to Adj. Gen., 63. (Massachusetts in the Civil War.)
  

Corp. F. L. Jones, ‘H’. F. M. Alley, ‘C’.

 

Capt. W. L. Kent.

  

Serg. W. H. Prescott, ‘H’. Serg. N. T. Howard, ‘H’.
ELIZABETH CITY. 151

they were good Union men and women. The cavalry pushed out into
the swamps, and, at the end of two days, we received orders to em-
bark for Edenton to meet Col. Mix and his command there. This we
did, taking with us all the horses that had come into town during the
two days. The authorities at Elizabeth City ignored us completely.
We reached Edenton next day. Col. Mix came in towards evening.
The mayor entertained us very handsomely. Before midnight we
started for New Berne. Our transport, little better than a tug, was
ill-adapted for so many men. They were compelled to sleep on the
open deck. In the morning, Chas. H. Wheeler, private of ‘I’ was
missing. We supposed he had walked overboard. No outcry was
heard. Arrived at New Berne we learned that the 28rd had started
for Virginia, took cars for Morehead and rejoined the regiment en
route for Newport’s News.””¢

 

26 Letter of Capt. Kent.
CHAPTER IX.

NEWPOKT’S NEWS. GEN. FOSTER. REENLISTMENTS. FURLOUGHS. LIFE
IN CAMP. GETTY’S LINE. CAMP PHG@NIX. EXPEDITIONS TOWARDS
SUFFOLK. WREN MILLS. SURGEON DERBY.

13 Oct., 63. The usual experiences attending a change
of location began to-day. Orders were received to keep
three days rations cooked and everything packed for a
start at an hour’s notice.

16 Oct. We started. The men were formed in line,
marched to the station, and carried thirty-four miles, on
platform cars, in uninterrupted torrents of rain. Avrriv-
ing at Morehead City, at 10.30 a. M., they stacked arms
on the pier. Beginning to embark, at 9 Pp. M., on their
transport, the Maple Leaf, they were fairly on board,
baggage and all, by midnight.

17 Oct. Just as night had well settled down, at 8.30
P. M., off Cape Hatteras, the lights of a large steamer
were seen just ahead. She seemed all ready and aiming
to hit us amidships. We shut off steam. She altered
her course so that she only brushed us amidships with her
passing quarter. It was our old acquaintance the “ United
States.” +

Neither the fifteenth amendment nor the general senti-
ment which now sustains it had any force in those days,
at least with the rank and file of the army. Many of the
boys, on the deck or in the ’tween decks were captiously
asking ‘What’s that d—d nigger doing in the cabin?’
It was the Rev. John N. Mars, Chaplain of the lst N. C.
C. T., who was provided with transportation fitting his
rank, and, on the Sunday of our arrival at Hampton Roads,

(152)
NEWPORT’S NEWS. 153

at the invitation of Col. Elwell, held service in the cabin,
to which the men were admitted. He delivered “a sermon
characterized by such a high order of ability as to drive
home to the hearts of his auditors the golden precepts
which fell from his lips, and excited their sympathy and
admiration.”

19 Oct., 63. The regiment landed at Newport’s News.
The men were, for the first time, provided with shelter
tents, and, although but a few months were to elapse before
they knew and appreciated the great merits of these tents
inthe field, they put no high value upon them for winter
quarters. They complained that not only could they not
stand up in their tents but even had to crawl out, in order
to get off coat and boots, to go to bed. If, they dug to
make head-reom they were liable to be drowned in sud-
den rain. Uncle Sam did not supply any means for
heating the “dog-kennels” but the men began to con-
trive stoves out of condemned kettles. 30 Nov. A sup-
ply of A tents arrived.

Newport’s News, closely overlooking the scene of the
famous sea-fight between the Merrimac and the Cumber-
land (whose spars might still be seen, a seeming stone’s
throw from the bank), is a breezy bluff on the left bank
and near the mouth of James river, and had been, for
many months, the home of numerous and frequently
changed troops. Each detachment on its arrival made
haste to secure such material and camp fixtures as their
predecessors had not carried away. Much that was com-
bustible had to serve as fuel at first, but lumber was too
scarce and valuable to waste.

The regimental hospital was, at first, in tents, which
had a sloping, continuous dais on each side for bedsteads,

 

27 Dollard.
154 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

and, the available lumber being all used for that purpose,
only Mother Earth for floor. Dissatisfied with this awk-
ward arrangement, Dr. Derby secured a building which
had been intended for stables. Its walls, of untrimmed
logs, set in the ground, carried a tight shingled roof. The
walls were some forty by twenty-five and perhaps ten feet
high. Floor, doors, window-sashes, partitions, chimneys,
everything movable, had been “ one-d” away to the neigh-
boring camps. Dr. Derby’s influence was, fortunately,
sufficient to secure a load of boards. The woods gave
us floor-timbers. Deserted camps supplied the bricks
(mostly bats). The next clay bank was our mortar-bed.
Window-glass was not thought edible enough for the
Hospital fund; we glazed with bleached muslin. The
regiment easily furnished skilled labor. The sick had
comfortable quarters.

13 Nov., ’63. Maj. Gen. J. G. Foster, U. S. V. our
long-time and well-trusted commander, was ordered to
other fields. His efforts to take with him regiments that
had been under his command since their formation were
unavailing. His regrets and farewell appeared in a
general order to-day.

JOHN Gray Foster was born, 27 May, 1823, at White-
field, Coos County, N. H. At the age of ten he removed
to Nashua, N. H. His opportunities for acquiring an ed-
ucation, in boyhood, were only such as the common
schools afforded — such as were shared by the poorest in
the land.

At West Point, he won not only the lasting affection of
his classmates, but, steady application seconding natural
ability, high rank in all the varied studies pursued at the
Academy, and the fourth place in a class of fifty-nine
graduates, many of whom won great distinction in the
Civil War.
 

MAJ. GEN. JOHN G. FOSTER.
MAJ. GEN. JOHN G. FOSTER U. S. V. 155

In the Mexican War, he won a brevet of 1st Lt., for
gallant and meritorious conduct at Contreras and Churu-
busco, and a second brevet, of Captain, at Molino del
Rey. In the latter fight, he was severely wounded,—his
leg shattered below the knee,—and, only with difficulty,
saved his life. The intervening years were passed in the
busy exercise of the duties of his position, an officer of the
Engineers, and the war found him, a Captain, in the gar-
rison of Fort Moultrie, near Charleston, 8. C. Here he
won a third brevet, of Major, for the skilful transfer of
men and guns from Moultrie to Sumter. There are,
among his old friends, who say that, had Foster been in
command, incipient rebellion would not have been allowed
to erect, with impunity, the circling batteries under whose
fire the flag of Sumter fell in April, 1861.

Of his military service, since 1861, the preceding pages
may serve as a sketch. When he left us, at Newport’s
News, ke relieved Gen. Burnside at Knoxville, Tenn.
In Feb., ’64, a fall from his horse aggravating his old
wound, he was assigned to less fatiguing duties in com-
mand of the Department of the South. Here he won, at
Savannah, the brevet rank of Brigadier General (the in-
tervening steps had been the meed of Roanoke and New
Berne), and finally, for meritorious service in the war, the
brevet of Major General. After the fighting was over,
he had command of the Department of Florida for a year
or two, and was, afterward, assigned to his proper engi-
neering work.

7 Mch., ’67. He was commissioned Lt. Col. of Engi-
neers. He was, for some time, stationed at Boston,
where his services, in removing obstructions and securing
from further injury the channels of the harbor, were of
great merit. His health failing, he hoped for improve-
ment by accepting duty on the Western Plains. This
156 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

failed, and, on the 2d of Sept., 1874, he died at Nashua,
N. H., and was buried with all the honors which his native
State could heap upon him.

24 Nov., ’63. Reénlistment papers were opened. Capt.
Babson was detailed as recruiting-officer and Sergt. C. W-
Brooks, of Co. ‘A,’ headed the list. In all, upwards of
200 men reénlisted and were furloughed to Massachusetts.

21 Dec. The cold called for smart fires, and smart fires
in stoves are dangerous in cotton houses. One tent was
burned in the 23rd and more in other regiments. Your
historian learned one day how swiftly and silently fire will
eat up a dry tent. He heard, while washing, an outcry
outside, and was astonished to find that Azs tent was burn-
ing. The contents of the handy basin checked that fire.

25 Dec. Christmas was celebrated by First, No drills.
Second, Target practice. Third, Foot-races. Fourth, Sack
race. Fifth, Throwing the hammer. Sixth, Burlesque
Dress-parade. Our parade ground was thronged with
spectatorsallday. Everybody was pleased. Lights were
permitted ad 1d. after taps.

Target practice came frequently in these times. Gen.
Heckman offered a silver medal for the best marksman.
The medal was handsome, of solid silver and provided with
along silver chain. It was sent to the 23rd with the fol-
lowing note.

H’d Qrs., Heckman’s Brigade.
Newport’s News, Va., 13 Jan., ’64.
Colonel,
You are directed to present this reward of merit, at dress parade,
to private Andrew Dodge, Co. ‘F,’ of your regiment for his skill as a
marksman, and as atoken of esteem from his Brigade Commander
Brig. Gen. C. A. Heckman.
By command of
Brig. Gen. C. A. Heckman.
(Sgd.) W. H. ABEL,
A A.G.
SLEIGHING. 157

7 Jan., 64. Some little excitement arose in camp
on the discovery of Capt. Babson’s colored servant dead
on the beach. An inquest was held, but nothing discov-
ered to show that the fatal result need be traced to any
cause other than intoxication.

The command at Newport’s News was several times or-
dered to hold itself ready for immediate marching. Noth-
ing came of these alarms, One of these occasions was
finally amusing, and at the same time interesting, as show-
ing the alertness of veteran soldiery even in what might
seem so secure a place as our winter camp. Many men,
not only at head-quarters but in the neighboring camps,
heard heavy artillery towards Yorktown, and none were
surprised at orders to hold themselves in readiness to
move in support. Real surprise was felt, as time passed,
that no information or orders came from Head-quarters
at Fortress Monroe. Investigation proved that what
seemed the booming of big guns, twenty miles away, really
came from contact of the heels of an idle youngster with
a bass-drum under a table on which he sat.

High cold winds were common enough. In early Jan-
uary came more decidedly wintry weather, leaving in
proof an inch or two of frozen sleet. The battery-men,
willing to enjoy a reminiscence of winter at home, got up
sledges, with pole runners, jumper fashion. Twelve well
trained artillery horses made little of pulling the heavily-

‘loaded vehicles over the slippery grass, while all the
bugles of the regiment made the welkin ring. They vis-
ited all the camps and had a good sleigh ride in the early
morning hours, before the sun restored the customary
mud.

12 Jan. “Attended church to-day in the chapel of
the 9th N. J. Our building was of logs roughly put
together. Our floor—the ground. <A rude desk is slightly
158 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

raised above the ground. Some of the Christmas decora-
tions, pine boughs and holly berries, still remain upon
the walls. Few audiences are more attentive than the
soldiers who pack this room every Sabbath. About half
the audience to-day were 23rd boys.”*

13 Jan., 64. The reénlisted men of several regiments
started on their home-furlough. Those ofthe 23rd, under
Capt. J. W. Raymond of ‘G’ were drawn up in front of
Gen. Heckman’s quarters and cheered him. Making a
speech in response, the General assured the regiment that
he was proud of it, and desired that it might remain in
his command as long as it was in the service.

The furloughed men of several regiments, including the
23rd, were received in grand style in Boston. They were
lodged, and fed on the best the land afforded at the United
States Hotel; marched through the principal streets, and
again fed and addressed at Faneuil Hall. One of the
speakers there called them the wheat and their non-enlist-
ing comrades in camp, chaff. This made some talk in the
camps, but men who had done their full duty since ’61,
and proposed nothing less for the term of their enlistment,
could afford to smile at the invidious distinction. After
the speech-making the men were sent to their homes.

Capt. Raymond, with such of the reénlisted men as be-
longed in the eastern part of the state, reached Beverly,
Mass., on the 18th. A vast crowd gave them a hearty
welcome. Beverly was wide awake. Flags were dis-
played on stores and dwellings in great profusion. The
Beverly Light Infantry, Capt. Porter, 8th M. V. M.,
with the Salem Brass Band performed escort duty. Town
Hall was filled to overflowing. F. W. Choate, Esq.,
made a speech of welcome. Maj. Ellingwood, 15th M.

 

28 H, E, Valentine’s Diary.
CAMP PHENIX. 159

V.I., twice wounded, —with arm still in sling, — made
a spirited speech.

Having been ordered away to take command of the di-
vision constituting the force holding Getty’s Line, near
Portsmouth, Va., Gen. Heckman issued a general fare-
well order, assuring the command of his pride in it, and
giving a promise of continued interest.

The military telegraph, radiating from Fort Monroe to
all the commands, was so constructed that all messages
went everywhere. Of course, some messages were
veiled in cipher. Others, sent in the common code, soon
became generally known. For instance, when, 19 Jan.,
‘64, curiosity was rife as to which, if any, of Gen. Heck-
man’s old regiments would be ordered to join him at
Getty’s Line, his answer to the telegraphic query —
whether he would prefer the 23rd or 25th Mass., — settled
the question for us before the order for moving was re-
ceived.

22 Jan., 64. After the usual two or three days of con-
flicting orders, the Steamer Escort came for us to-day,
but, so late, that the regiment was not fairly on board till
9 Pp. M., aud the steamer remained, for the night, at or
near the pier at Newport’s News. 23 Jan. Starting near
dawn, we reached Portsmouth soon after sunrise, loaded
our effects on cars and followed, on another train, to our
proposed camp near the railroad and just inside the forti-
fied lines, some three miles from Portsmouth.

The 16th Conn. Vol. Inf. had occupied the ground with
an admirable camp. They had fondly hoped to enjoy
their comfortable quarters till the spring campaign opened.
With the petty jealousy, which, if not natural, is at least
very common under similar circumstances, they threatened
that no other regiment should inherit what had cost so
much labor and expense. Gen. Heckman met their
160 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

threats with an order that “not a rail should be drawn
and no fires allowed in company streets” and directed
that a sufficient force from the 13th N. H. should protect
the camp till the 23rd arrived. A letter from the 16th
Conn., printed in a newspaper of the time, says : “a spirit
of insubordination arose among both officers and men.”
—“Our men heard of this detail (that from the 13th N.
H.) and the first thing we saw was the offcer’s guard
quarters on fire.” —“ At half-past two the camp was set
on fire in three places,— in an hour the handsomest and
most comfortable camp in the department was in ashes.”
The destruction of the enlisted-men’s quarters, and, I
think, of the line-officers, was complete. The more sub-
stantial houses of the field and staff had partly resisted
the fire. Only the hospital, a roomy log-house, escaped.

We were favored with several bright summer-like
days. The men worked with a will. Experience had
made them skilful in the simple carpentry which builds of
shakes (thin riven boards of Southern pine), the little
house for which the A tent is to be the roof. From the
ashes soon arose a fair camp named, not infelicitously,
“Camp Phenix.” With what foundation of truth, I
know not, but, in fact, the men congratulated themselves
that the fire had removed the extensive population, non-
enlisted, which, rumor said, had shared the bunks of our
predecessors.

10 Feb., 64. Kimberly, contract surgeon, reported for
duty and remained with the regiment most, if not all, the
time, till we went to the front.

Our camp was quite near the railroad and Division
Head-quarters. The cavalry and some of the batteries
were to our right and some of the infantry several miles
to our left. On the 30th of January the troops of the
command were. The 3rd brigade of Infantry, Col. Steere,
GETTY’S LINE. 161

4th R.I., commanding, made up of 4th R. I., 10th and
13th N. H., 23rd Mass., and 9th N. J. A cavalry brigade
under Col. N. B. Lord, 20th N. Y., made up of 5th
Penn. and 20th N. Y., and Artillery, under Capt. Follett ;
Batteries ‘D’ 4thand ‘A’ 5th, U.S. A.; ‘A’ 1st Penn. ;
‘M’ 3rd N. Y.; the 4th Wisconsin; and ‘A,’ ‘B,’‘C’
and ‘D,’ 13th N. Y.

In many respects our station on Getty’s Line was
pleasant. The shops and theatres of Norfolk were within
easy reach. Supplies were good. The gigantic oysters
of Elizabeth river were abundant and cheap. Some
found amusement in private theatricals, if one may use
the phrase for the entertainments in the big floorless
building near the Railroad station. The theatre had been
built by a New York Artillery regiment and the scenery
painted by a member of the 5th Rhode Island. The 23rd
furnished part of theactors. The garrison of Portsmouth
sometimes furnished an audience. A private box was
made of flags, etc., for the reception of the General and
Staff.

Orders were issued for a general vaccination of the reg-
iment. One of the men, even at that late day, under-
took to have an opinion of his own as to the advisability
of the operation and refused to submit. He counted
without Col. Chambers, and found himself persuaded by
bayonets to the Surgeons and quartered at the guard-
house till the question of his susceptibility to the disease
was settled.

26 Feb. Reénlisted men returned.

At Getty’s Line we saw little, if any, campaigning till
March, when, from the 3rd to the 12th inclusive, we were
at it with little intermission, and, with as little result.
The enemy, perhaps to cover the passage of a supply
train, took the initiative and threatened attack. We were

11
162 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

hurried, by rail, to Bernard’s Mills and confronted them.
We thought them too strong and well-posted. They
seemed to entertain a similar opinion. We sent for rein-
forcements. The navy took a hand, and a gun-boat made
a great midnight pother from the Nansemond. The en-
emy, perhaps from their usual dislike to gun-boats, perhaps
hearing of our imminent reinforcements, disappeared.
Generals Birney and Kilpatrick came across from Fortress
Monroe with much infantry and cavalry. Gen. Kilpat-
rick, at least, came to the front, looked wondrous wise
and went away. We came back to camp. Deering,
rebel brigadier, enticed Col. Cole to make a dash at
Suffolk with his colored cavalry. They got into a very
tight place and barely escaped capture. Hart, formerly
of ‘D,’ Dollard of ‘EK’ and Dodge of ‘F’ were in the
thick of the fight. We, infantry, were routed out again
to their support. This time, we went, by rail, only to
Bower’s Hill, and thence, on foot, along the railroad, to
near our old position, where we were for some time under
artillery fire. Then came two or three days of idleness
at and near Magnolia Springs. The cottages of this
summer resort gave us shelter. The water of the Springs
added little zest to our scanty rations. My own diary
principally records much whist and euchre. 12 March.
Towards night back to camp.

14 Mch., ’64. Examined thirty recruits.

16th. A ripple of excitement in the regiment from
an order requiring fifteen minutes of drill in the man-
ual, at réveille and tattoo roll calls, under a commissioned
officer. These drills would have come off at 6 a. M. and
8 p.m. Privates’ diaries state that some of them did
occur. The tattoo drill was soon revoked.

Comrades, other than those of Co. ‘C,’ may recollect
a youngster who attached himself to that company at
SNOWSTORM. 163

Getty’s Station and followed its fortunes till the old
members went home in September, 64. He was James
A. Lawrence, an orphan, of Suffolk, Va. Sergt. George
Pulcifer took him to his home at Gloucester, Mass., and
sent him to the public schools. He is married, has three
children and is doing well in bisiness.

22 March. Afternoon and evening occurred a violent
snowstorm. A north-east wind, that would have done
credit to midwinter on Cape Ann, left drifts three feet
deep. As ill-luck would have it, the supply of fuel was
short, and, the roads being practically impassable, men
were driven to burning their bunks and floors to keep out
the cold. By the third day, however, the Spring sun re-
asserted himself. The melting drifts were still too deep
to permit drill, and a lively game at snow-balling took its
place.

28-9th. Midnight. The enemy made an attempt, with
boats, on the Nansemond. The whole command was or-
dered out. A countermand came before the order could
be executed.

5 April. The sudden death of private J. H. Jewett of
‘I,’ was the more affecting from the long time that had
elapsed since death had visited our camp. Perhaps for
the same reason, the always plaintive wail of the funeral
fife had an added touch of sadness as his small escort
followed Jewett’s body to the grave.

The following is Col. Elwell’s report of the expedition
towards Smithfield.

Head-quarters 23rd Mass. Vols., near
Portsmouth, Va., 15 April, 1864.

Sir:—In compliance with Special Order No. 14, par. 2, Head-quar-
ters Lee’s Brigade, I proceeded by rail, with 16 officers and 398 enlisted
men of my regiment, to Portsmouth at 5 o’clock, P.M., on the 18th
164 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

inst., and there, in compliance with orders from Brig. Gen. Graham,
embarked on board the steamer ‘‘ John W. D. Pentz” and sailed up
the James River, under convoy of the gun-boat ‘‘ Brewster.” I landed
with my command about nine miles above Smithfield, at four o’clock
on the morning of the 14th inst. I immediately took a line of march
towards the town. After marching about three miles, came upon the
enemy’s pickets, and drove them in. Continued on about two miles
further, when J came upon the enemy concealed behind earthworks;
after a short skirmish with them, drove them out, with a loss on our
side of two men (Privates Osborne, Co. ‘G,’ and Symonds, Co. ‘ C’)
slightly wounded in the leg. I followed them on about half a mile,
when they again made a stand on the further side of a mill-pond, ata
place called Wren’s Mills, and there being but a very narrow place to
cross, I engaged them about an hour, when one company charged
across, drove the enemy from their position, and captured a Signal
Officer of the Confederate States service, and two privates of the
Fourth Confederate States Cavalry.

I had one sergeant dangerously wounded through the left shoulder
(Sergeant Porter of Co. ‘1’). The enemy’s cavalry having begun to
give me some trouble in my rear, and having no means to carry my
wounded along with me, and not knowing the strength or position of
the enemy in front, I deemed it proper to fall back to the James river,
at a point called Fort Boykin. I found near this fort a Signal Station,
where I captured a private of the Seventh Confederate States Cav-
alry; also, a piece of artillery, and a quantity of ammunition, said to
have been taken by the enemy from the U. S. gun-boat ‘‘ Barney
Smith” near Smithfield. During my march to this point, I had a
corporal (H. B. Lord, of ‘1’) seriously wounded in the right leg by
the enemy’s cavalry, who followed our rear guard very close. I sent
my wounded men on board the guu-boat, and turned over to Capt.
Tyffee (Phyffe?), United States Navy, all prisoners captured, together
with the piece of artillery and ammunition.

I have missing one private (Thomas, Co. ‘F’), who is probably
wounded and aprisoner. He was sent with my quartermaster to the
river, to communicate with the guu-boats. I reémbarked at 8 P. M.
and sailed down to ‘‘ Pagan Creek,” where we came to anchor for the
night, to await the arrival of boats from Smithfield. At 10 o’clock, this
A. M., in compliance with orders received from Brig. Gen. Graham, I
proceeded to Portsmouth with my command; from there, by rail, tomy
camp at this place, arriving at 3.30 p.m. It was impossible to find
out the strength of the enemy, or their loss in killed and wounded,
but should judge, from what I could learn from the prisoners taken,
that they had at least 100 men, and I have no doubt but what I did
WREN’S MILLS. 165

them much injury. My loss is wounded 4, missing 1, total 5. The
enemy’s loss, as far as I am able to tell, is four prisoners, one piece
of artillery and a quantity of ammunition.
Iam, Sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
A. ELWELL, Colonel 23rd Mass. Vols.
To Brig. Gen. Granam,
Commanding Army Gun-boats.

Co. *C’ was first deployed as skirmishers and sufficed
to drive the enemy’s picket, which, however, made a
stand, with its reserve, in front of their works. Co. ‘I’
was sent in and took place on the left of ‘C’ and Co’s
‘G’ and ‘B’ were sent respectively on their right and
left flanks. Osborne and Symonds were hit soon after
this formation was made, and Hussey, of ‘C,’ had his
rifle smashed and haversack raked by two balls. The
centre of the line charged with the bayonet and the en-
emy fled from his works which commanded a cross-road.

In half an hour the flanking companies came in and the
column pushed on till they found the enemy in strong po-
sition at Wren’s Mills, where, hidden by a breast-work
and the under-brush, he completely commanded the narrow
road where it crossed the mill-pond. A brisk musketry-
fire, of an hour, failed to dislodge him. Sergt. Porter,
with characteristic recklessness, exposed himself, wil-
fully, to the enemy’s fire. He received two or three fatal
wounds which his astonishing vitality resisted for hours.
He died during the night. Capt. Raymond, of ‘G,’ with
a platoon of his company, charged down the hill-side and
across the dam. Although, few, if any, of his command,
escaped some mark, in clothing or equipments, no one,
except Joseph F. Vickary, was wounded. The move-
ment resulted in the capture of the position and the pris-
oners mentioned.

A request was sent to the main body, for further rein-
forcement. Col. Elwell refused this and ordered the
166 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

column to move back towards James River. The move-
ment was much hampered by carrying our wounded on
stretchers. The enemy, favored by his familiarity with
the ground and undeterred by any resistance on our part,
was very annoying. Corp. Lord was wounded after the
line was halted and the arms had been stacked in the fan-
cied security of the river-bank.

Quartermaster Peirce reports, for his share of the affair :

‘‘Under orders from Col. Elwell (to secure transportation for the
wounded), I went back towards the river, taking with me privates
Gould of ‘E’ and E. C. Thomas, of ‘F.’? We could find nothing in
the way of animals or wagons. We finally went to the river-bank
and signalled the gun-boats. One sent a small boat ashore. The
Commander and eight men came in it. When I saw them coming I
sent Thomas to notify Col. Elwell to send down the wounded. When
the boat landed, having heard nothing from the regiment, we went up
over the hill and found that they were nowhere in sight —they had
moved on. Just as we were moving through a peach-orchard, near
the road, a squadron of rebel cavalry came up. They did not see us.
We gave them a shot apiece. They turned and ran; as did we.
Gould and I were taken aboard the gun-boat. The Captain (who was
commander of the James river fleet) signalled a lighter-draught
steamer and putting us on board told the Captain of it to land us at
Smithfield. We were aground half the time till nearly night when we
reached Smithfield. Found that all the other regiments had reported
except ours. Reported at once to Gen. Graham, who was in command.
He asked if I had any idea concerning the whereabouts of the regi-
ment. Told him that I thought they had found the enemy too strong
and had fallen back to Fort Boykin. He then gave me the Steamer
John D. W. Pentz and told me to find them. It was dark long before
we reached Fort Boykin but I found the regiment there. With the
aid of the gun-boat, which had, meanwhile, taken off our wounded,
the regiment, bivouacking at Fort Boykin, was taken to the Steamer
Pentz. We made our way to the fleet and returned with it to Norfolk
the following morning. I afterwards learned that Thomas was
wounded and captured, after he went over the hill, and, that he died
in Libby Prison. Gould was killed at Cold Harbor.”

From this time the regiment lost the services and com-
radeship of an officer, not only more generally respected,
 

SURG. GEORGE DERBY.
SURGEON DERBY. 167

but, better loved than any other,— Surgeon George Derby.
He left us at Getty’s Station, although his duty on the
staff left him near us, and the separation did not, for
some months, seem final.

At Lynnfield, we learned to know the courteous gen-
tleman ; at Annapolis and Hatteras we found the genial
comrade whose trained voice was ever ready to help in
sacred melody or convivial song; on the battle-field we
saw the fearless surgeon, thoughtless of self and calmly
bringing all the resources of his art to the aid of the
wounded ; in garrison we remarked his tireless devotion
to his charge and were proud of the position so readily
assigned him by his peers of the medical staff. Of more
value than any aid he gave us with pill or potion was the
lesson of his daily life; his gentlemanly courtesy ; his in-
flexible integrity. All this was invaluable to the younger
men about him whose characters were forming amid the
trials of war and the myriad temptations of camp.

Dr. Derby established the Academy General Hospital
at New Berne, directly after the battle, and, from this
time out, was seldom, technically, on duty with his regi-
ment. His duties, however, never called him far away,
and his services were always ready on any emergency.

At Newport’s News, he was on regular regimental duty.
His big sorrel horse, Tom, usually left to devour un-
earned oats, found the road to and from Fort Monroe a
daily task. An explanation of this unusual equestrianism
came with the Doctor’s announcement of his engagement
to Miss Elizabeth, daughter of the late Wm. Parsons of
Boston, who had been visiting a sister at the Fort. They
were married, 3 March, ’64.

Having passed, with flying colors, the requisite exami-
nation, Dr. Derby resigned his commission as regimental
surgeon, to accept the appointment of Asst. Surgeon of
168 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Volunteers, 18 May, ’64. This was followed, 30 June,
64, by his commission as Surgeon U. S. V. I need
hardly remind my military readers that these Surgeons
U.S. V. were a body specially selected for staff duty.
As such, Dr. Derby served for some time in the opening
campaign of ’64 as Inspector on the staff of Gen. Butler.
Finding the politico-martial atmosphere about him ex-
ceedingly distasteful, Dr. Derby applied for more active
service, and was, for some months, busy as Division
Surgeon, etc.

6 Dec., 64, he was sent to take charge of U. S. Gen.
Hospital “Cony” at Augusta, Maine. Nearly a year
later, he wrote me, “I have really enjoyed running this
hospital. I never expected to like it half aswell. Found
things in a poor way with a lot of dishonest cusses (such
as they call, down-east, “smarter’n lightning”) stealing
right and left. Pitched them out and reformed things
generally. With hard work, got everything in excellent
order. ThisI enjoyed.” He was commissioned Brevet
Lt. Col., 13 Mch., ’65, “for faithful and meritorious serv-
ices during the war.”

Mustered out of U. S. service in the late fall of 65, he
returned to Boston, settled down in the house he had
built on Charles Street, and occupied it, as he intended,
“till the order came to move on to Mt. Auburn.”

From 1867 to 1870, he was surgeon at the Boston City
Hospital. Meanwhile, he was, from 1866, State Register
of Births, Deaths and Marriages; from April, 1869, Sec-
retary of the State Board of Health, and Lecturer on Hy-
giene at Harvard College, and, in 1872 was appointed
Professor in the newly established chair of Hygiene in the
Medical Department of the University. He published in
1868 a treatise on “Anthracite and Health” which at-
tracted great attention.
SURGEON DERBY. 169

He had four boys. Two survive their father. The
elder, William Parsons, was born on the fifth anniversary
of our New Berne fight. His brother Roger, though but
eleven years old, is looking forward eagerly to the time
when he, too, may be — Dr. Derby.

J leave to his intimates of the nearly ten years of civil
life, since the war, to tell their regret for their friend, and
their estimate of the loss his death occasioned to the State,
to his country and to science.

His associates on the State Board of Health, speaking
through Dr. Henry I. Bowditch, after recording their
sense of the peculiar value of Dr. Derby’s service in the
field, said,

* How much the present position of the Board, as a motive force in
the community, depends upon his really wonderful faculty of meeting
and moulding men, we shall never exactly know. For my own part,

gentlemen, words would fail me to give you my idea of the debt we
owe to him.”

The Medical Faculty of the University of Cambridge,
resolved,

“That they learned with the deepest regret of the death of their late
associate Dr. George Derby. His talent, zeal and untiring industry
made him preéminent in the department over which he presided and ren-
der the loss to the profession and the community almost irreparable,
while his high moral character, courtesy and genial manners greatly
endeared him to us.”

The Medical and Surgical Journal, Vol. 90, p. 629,
says,

‘¢ Not only the profession, but all the inhabitants of Massachusetts
have lost a friend and a benefactor by the death of Dr. George Derby.
He expired on the first hour of June 20th (1874) after an obscure and
most painful illness of about a month’s duration. The autopsy re-
vealed abscesses in the liver and peritonitis. It is by his labors in the
position of Secretary and Executive Officer of the Board of Health
that he has laid the community under such deep obligations to him;
but his influence has extended far beyond the state, and the effects of
170 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

the impulse which he gave to sanitary science have been felt through-
out the country. He was an enthusiastic reformer, but his enthusi-
asm was always under control of his reason and his conscience. He
accepted the great responsibilities which often fell upon him, and,
though courteous, he was firm as adamant. He made no display but
did his work quietly, patiently, thoroughly. There can be no doubt
that his labors hastened his death, which leaves a void that cannot be
filled. His family and friends have the satisfaction of knowing that
his worth is acknowledged and that the whole community joins them
in deploring their loss.”

Similar resolutions from the State Boards of Health of
Michigan and California corroborate the Journal’s opinion
of the far-reaching influence of Dr. Derby’s enthusiasm in
the cause of sanitation. Finally the Council of “The Am-
erican Association for the Advancement of Science, which
is New-World-wide in its scope, resolved, that,

*¢ As the Academy honored itself when he was chosen a member, so

the Academy may well mourn his loss; for there is no one, at present,
who can worthily fill his place.”
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CHAPTER X.

YORKTOWN. BERMUDA HUNDRED. HECKMAN’S FARM. ARROWFIELD
CHURCH. DRURY’S BLUFF. LT. COL. J. G. CHAMBERS. LT. R. P.
WHEELER.

26 April, 64. The good management which usually
marks military movements was seldom more evident than
when the regiment left winter-quarters for active opera-
tions this year. Tents were struck at sunset, the camp
was left at 10 Pp. m., several pleasant hours were spent on
the march to and on the wharves at Portsmouth and, by
3 4. M., of next day, the right wing was settled away on
the Geo. Leary —the left wing and guard on another
boat. With continued promptness, we got under way by
noon, reached Yorktown before dark, were dumped on
the beach under the bluffs, and went into bivouac then and
there.

28th. Moved amile or two up river. Madea camp of
shelter-tents—then distributed for the campaign. Weeded
out more men unfit for active soldiering. Seventeen men
were sent to General Hospital.

29th. Another move three or four miles toward Wil-
liamsburg. Filing-off from the dusty high-road at 11.30
A. M., we made a pleasant camp on the green sod, among
the scattered copses of an “ old-field.” It really looked as
though the “Star Brigade” was to enjoy a neat, fresh
camp, pending the arrival of the rest of the corps and the
preparation of our transports.

At 1p. ™M. came the most exigent orders to return to
Yorktown. That short-lived camp among the bushes dis-
appeared like an exhalation. Shelter tents were mounted

(171)
172 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

in the long roll across the body—the bandoleer of modern
infantry. The scanty regimental baggage, little more
than a few head-quarter tents and the company kettles,
was put in wagons. The brigade, its four-mile gait rais-
ing a dust which speedily turned the fresh northern faces
to the semblance of the yellow Cracker of the Carolinas,
rushed back to Yorktown. For what? Somebody had
blundered. We were really wanted to hold ourselves in
readiness for a review next day. There was nothing for
it but to sleep away as many of the intervening hours as
practicable. The historic heights of Yorktown merited
then, if ever, the epithet wind-swept. Your historian
recalls with satisfaction the comfort accruing from the
shelter of a pile of boxes of ammunition. Under their
lee he, and Col. Chambers, enjoyed a night-cap pipe and
the sleep of the tired-man.

Inspection, and muster-for-pay in camp filled the fore-
noon, as a long tiresome review, on the dusty plain east of
Yorktown, occupied the afternoon of the next day. ee

We began to realize the meaning attached, at army
Head-quarters, to the phrase “light marching order” and
to see, as comfort after comfort was stripped from us, how
nearly an army can be cut down to the towel and tooth-
brush of the ideal tramp.

During this time of waiting some of us visited the
works thrown up by’McClellan’s army in ’62 and won-
dered at the amount of labor expended in building
approaches to a position which, high authority is said to
have asserted, was not so difficult as the fortifications we
had overrun so readily at New Berne that year.

4May,’64. We struck camp, got aboard the propeller
Montauk and, towards night, joined the fleet at its rendez-
vous off Newport’s News.

5 May. For the third or fourth time the 23rd assisted
BERMUDA HUNDRED. 173

in one of those mighty pageants in which the North showed
its power and resources by sending a whole army at once,
in transports, to its destination. In the vanguard, except
for the heavy skirmishing line of monitors and gun-boats,
we ploughed the waters of the James, which, since McClel-
lan left nearly two years before, had seen little of war, ex-
cept the occasional passage of a flag-of-truce, exchanging
prisoners. Once our propeller “took bottom,” but the
neighboring “ Nellie Pentz” soon pulled us off.

Stately mansion and lonely hut alike seemed tenantless.
The dilapidated landings, stretching their sunburnt length
across the flats to the channel, showed as little life as the
crumbling ruins of historic Jamestown. A solitary
negro could occasionally be seen, capering on the bank,
and waving the bandanna of exultation. Even to his
slow apprehension the conviction came

“It must be now that the time am coming,
The year of Jubilee.”

Once we paused a while to land a force of colored
troops whose formation, during the past winter, had so
tardily realized the suggestion and prediction of Gen.
Burnside at the Astor House breakfast, as we passed
through New York in November, 1861.

The signal party at Bermuda Hundred had so little idea
of our coming that they were all busy fishing in the river.
So speedy was their retreat that even the fresh-caught
fish in their boat, as well as all the equipment of their
camp, fell into our hands.

Heckman’s brigade was first to land. A heavy picket,
including companies ‘ B’ and ‘H.’ of the 23rd, was thrown
out and ere dark, Gen. Butler held uncontested posses-
sion of an easily-defended base within twelve miles of
the rebel capital.

6 May. Just as the line was getting ready for the
174 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

march, Capt. Center of ‘C,’ who was overhauling his
revolver (seeing to the condition of itscaps, efc.), had the
ill-luck to discharge it and send a ball through one of his
toes. He persisted in attempting to march towards what
we all supposed would be a speedy, near battle, but was
compelled, shortly, to give up.

Our forward movement was, not resisted but, observed
by a force which called for caution. Our skirmishers
saw, several times, a mounted rebel, who, very properly
keeping himself at a safe distance, cheekily beckoned our
column to advance. Before noon we reacked Cobb’s
Hill, on the Appomattox, the extreme left of Butler’s
future line. Here the brigade had a permanent camp
during most of the marching and fighting of May. We
helped throw up the fortifications in its front and always
returned to it until after the Cold Harbor expedition.

The rise from the landing was so gradual as hardly to
give a New Englander the idea that he was surmounting
a hill. The river bank on our left and the declivity on
our front were however steep and of considerable height.
It was a terribly hot place, that May noon, while the
brigade “resting in place” saw the army come up and
file off to the right.

Towards four p. mM. Heckman’s “Star Brigade,” com-
posed of the 23rd, 25th and 27th Mass. and the 9th
N.J., some 2700 strong (men, largely, seasoned in battle
and, pretty thoroughly, sifted of that element, which,
snuffing the battle afar off, keeps its distance), went out
into the fire of that battle-mouth which was destined to
reduce it to a mere handful of war-worn men.

The battle-field, or skirmish-ground, of Walthall Junc-
tion, sometimes called “ Mary Dunn’s farm,” and in the
brigade (perhaps because we had it all to ourselves on the
6th, and it was our part of the more extended field of the
HECKMAN’S FARM. 175

7th), “ Heckman’s Farm, ” permitted unusual opportunity
to see fighting on a largish scale.

It was a parallelogram of cleared fields, undulating,
but so nearly level that many points commanded a view of
the whole. As we entered, at the corner nearest Cobb’s
Hill, the enemy was discovered at the further end and
near the diagonal corner. The 23rd was sent along the
lower end, somewhat masked by a swell of the land and
by some farm buildings, to hold the woods on our left
and guard that flank. We were not actively engaged
and could clearly see the manceuvring of the skirmish-
lines, the unfaltering advance of the 27th, the steadiness
of the 25th,—under fire without cover— and could ob-
serve the precision of their wing-firing when they came
into action. Our battery was in full sight and so was the
disturbance it made among the rebels behind their rail
fence and railroad bank.

There was a great temptation to go on. It was quite
on the cards that we could whip and probably capture the
opposing force, but, orders not to risk bringing on a gen-
eral engagement were peremptory, the recall was sounded
and, leaving our eight dead on the bullet-swept field, we
fell back to Cobb’s Hill, with our sixty wounded. The
28rd suffered no loss. Leaving a field in the hands of the
enemy was a novel experience to the men of Heckman’s
command.

7th May. Your historian was ordered to report at the
Field Hospital and had an opportunity to see something of
the Strachan house and surroundings before much had been
done towards its transformation into “Point of Rocks
Hospital.” It was a neatly-painted four-roomed house of
one storey. Already, one room had been set apart for the
wounded and another for surgeon’s quarters. Some of
the women of the family attempted to remain and occupy
176 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

the other rooms, but a few hours convinced them of their
mistake, and, of their own accord, they sought other quar-
ters. The shady orchard, around the house, offered a
cool refuge for the sun-struck, who came back in such
numbers from the front, and, in a few days, convenient
space for our hospital tents.

In the early days, at least, the hospital was only a halt-
ing place in which to renew the hasty dressings of the
field, to perform necessary operations, and, generally, to
prepare the sick and wounded for their journey to Hamp-
ton and the North. The number of our patients and our
consequent labor varied much. After an action, crowds
were heaped upon us. Then, house, tents and all the
shady corners of the orchard were crowded with sufferers
and groups of surgeons were busy at their operating-
tables, not only all the livelong day, but, far into the
night. Perhaps the next day, the steam-boats had carried
away almost all our patients, and, our light duties over,
we speculated, over the contemplative pipe, upon the
outcome of the thundering war, so audible from the not-
distant front.

Once war came tous. The rebels, from across Appo-
mattox, then entirely in their hands, began shelling,
regardless of our yellow flag. One of our number, not
yet long enough commissioned to have learned that
standing-fire comes, sometimes, into a surgeon’s duties,
raised a laugh by jumping upon his horse and frantically
spurring the poor beast—still securely fastened to the
hitching-post.

The Point of Rocks, whence the name, was a pictur-
esque, craggy promontory, jutting out into the river
within one hundred yards of the cottage. It commanded
a beautiful country. The view of waving grain, hanging
woods, and winding, island-dotted river, with the spires
SWIFT CREEK. 177

of Petersburg in the distance, was sadly changed as the
year passed. The smiling fields were trampled to dusty
wastes. The bosky hill-sides were bare and frowning
with forts and batteries. The river became a mere
break in the double line of works. The spires were tar-
gets for scores of cannon. The air was filled with the
roar of “ Parrotts ” and the shriek of “ Whitworths,” while
musketry, from the bickering of the pickets to the clamor
of a line of battle, must have been almost as continuous
as was, in those early days, the ripple of Appomattox,
washing the base of the cliff.

Meanwhile the troops had gone out again over much
the same ground as yesterday. Heckman’s brigade went
to the very spot. The 23rd, this time with the 25th,
moved again to the left and were just in time to prevent
a flanking movement of the rebels. To-day the brigade
had little more to do than listen to an artillery duel, till
Gen. Brooks, on our right, turned the rebel position, and
destroyed a stretch of railroad. Our loss from the enemy
was slight, but the men suffered severely from the sun.
They were for some hours of midday, unprotected in the
open field. Scores were prostrated. We found our dead
of yesterday, not only unburied, but, stripped and shame-
fully mutilated.

8th. Sunday, and a day of comparative rest in camp.
The rebels showed across the river, but a few shells scat-
tered them. Organized work on the lines began.

9th. Third movement towards Petersburg. The turn-
pike was reached, as well as the railroad, and telegraph,
as well as track, destroyed. After noon the forces formed
line of battle and moved direct upon Petersburg. The en-
emy fell back fighting, making a short stand at every
ridge, till driven within their strong position at Swift
Creek.

12
178 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

At this time, the rebel officers, having conceived the
idea (based, not quite without reason, upon our dis-
jointed, ineffectual movements since landing) that our
troops were “ninety day emergency men” and easily
handled, encouraged their rank and file with that extra-
ordinary preparation for making a soldier — whiskey and
gunpowder — (the canteens on the battlefield proved this)
and assumed the offensive in force.

‘I was about to relieve my front-line with the second, but, instead,
closed up, instructing my colonels to fire at a given signal. The Con-
federates came on in splendid style, with the peculiar ‘‘rebel yell ” till
within forty yards of our line, when our crushing volley swept thein
over the brow of the hill, and across the creek into the arms of their
comrades, who were holding a redoubt which covered the force. It
was a gallant charge and a bloody repulse.””®

The brigade was drawn up across the turnpike, the 27th
Mass. supported by the 9th N. J., on the right, and the
25th Mass. supported by the 23rd on the left. A section
of the Fourth U. S. Reg. Art’y occupied the road, in the
front line, but, speedily discovering that the euemy had
the range too exactly to leave the position tenable, had
left before the charge. The attacking force was so broken
and demoralized by the volley of the front line that it was
no very serious work for the second line to drive the rem-
nant back to their works.

The intervening space was thickly strewn with rebel
dead, and wounded. More than two scores could be
counted in one little glade among the copses. In another
place were five of our enemies in one gory heap. The

 

29 Gen. Heckman in “ Bearing Arms,” p. 248.

The accompanying map is from a sketch furnished by E. T. Witherby (late of
Co.‘ K’ 25th M. V.1.). He quotes from Gen. Johnson Hagood, who commanded
the opposing force, “‘On the 9th, I was ordered to take part of my brigade and
make a reconnoissance in front of this line. Itook the 21st, thellth and a detach-
ment of the 25th” (S, C. Inf.) ‘‘under Capt. Carsen. The object was accomplished,
but, from-the broken and wooded nature of the ground, I became more heavily en-
gaged than I desired with the heavy force in my front, and my loss was severe.”
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ARROWFIELD CHURCH. 179

task of burying the dead and succoring the wounded was
speedily undertaken. The tender care for the latter con-
trasted strongly with the treatment our dead received on
the battle ground of the 6th.

All this time the heat had been intense. Scores more
were prostrated by the sun. Many lost their reason.
Some filled the air with their insane yells. Some needed
force to prevent them trom dashing alone upon the enemy.
Others, it is said, turned their weapons upon themselves.

The night gave little rest. On our own front the en-
emy had received lesson enough to keep him quiet, but,
before dawn, three ineffectual charges, directed to the
right or left of our position, called up the whole line to
repel possible assault.

Casualties at Arrowfield Church in the 23rd were,

WOUNDED.
Eldridge, Elisha, Sergeant, Co. I.
Lapham, Otis W., Corporal, co oR
Salkins, William, Private, (Bs
Cobbett, James, ee «OK

Some confusion has arisen as to the name of this action.
Swift Creek, naturally adopted by the enemy, who was
contesting its passage in defence of Petersburg, is shared
by two other battle-fields, and Pocahontas, the name of a
suburb of Petersburg, is open to the same objection. Ar-
rowfield Church was a building between the lines, in front
of the 27th Mass., where its well-peppered walls still
stand.

The surgical staff at Point of Rocks started out, early
on the 9th, for service in the field. We were misdirected
and, before noon, established tables, eéc., at a farm-house
which proved to be too far from the scene of action.
Moving two miles further, we found a neat, modern, four
roomed house, on a terraced hill-side, and not far, I think,
from Walthall Junction.
180 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Here our work speedily found us, and lasted as far into
the night as our supply of candles permitted (saving some
that we might not be in utter darkness in case of emer-
gency), and till the lawn, in front of the house, was thickly
covered with regular rows of those who had passed under
our hands,

A little diversion, in our grim work, came from a ser-
geant of the brigade, who, hit by a spent ball and tumbled
into a ditch, insisted that he had a serious wound and
must be carried to the surgeons. The disgust of his
stretcher-bearers was only equalled by his own astonish-
ment on being assured that he was not wounded. The
effective force at the front gained a speedy recruit.

The refreshing sleep, earned by a long May-day’s activ-
ity, and enjoyed in a corner of our blood-stained operating
room (robbing our horses of their saddle cloths for beds,
and rolling our coats into pillows) lasted only till dawn.
With light enough, work recommenced and continued till
all the force fel] back to our base.

The regiment had been relieved from its place at the
very front by the 40th Mass., and had gone to the rear
for the cooked rations from which its active duty had cut
it off for twenty-four hours, when a rumor of threatened
attack on our lines sent the whole command back to
Cobb’s Hill. The effect of the sun was again very disas-
trous. One diarist, in the 23rd, who confesses that he
was not of the number, says, that only forty men reached
camp as a regiment.

11 May, ’64. Gen. Heckman issued the following order :

Hd. Qr. 1st Brig., 18th Army Corps,
In the field, May 11th, 1864.
(General Order, No. 21.)

The general commanding takes great pleasure in returning the
gallant officers and men of his command, his thanks for the noble man-
ner in which they have discharged their duties since the opening of
the present campaign. The enviable reputation which you had at-
DRURY’S BLUFF. 181

tained and so richly merited has heen sustained in a noble and cred-
itable manner, and the commanding general would not only be doing
great injustice to his feelings, but to the officers and men of his com-
mand, did he fail to notice it. The fatigues and privations, which you
have suffered without a murmur, are but characteristic of your pre-
vious conduct, and the punishment inflicted upon the rebels, is one of
the many lessons you have taught them, that will cause them to ever
remember and fear the Star Brigade.
By command of
W. 4H. ABEL, Brig. Gen. C. A. HECKMAN.

A. A. G

12 May, ’64. The whole army started out from the
works with face set towards Drury’s Bluff and Richmond.
The sun, to-day, proved too much for some, who had not
yet quite rallied from their exposure in the actions
towards Petersburg, but the steady rains of the next three
days removed that difficulty. Not much ground had been
covered when the enemy was met. A heavy skirmish
line was then thrown out and supported at a short distance
by the line of battle. In this order, hour by hour and
day by day, the rebels were pushed from hill to hill, and,
finally, from line to line of outworks, till we had driven
him fairly into the works at Drury’s Bluff, and, even there
our skirmishers so commanded his guns as to silence
them.

A private in Company ‘C’ furnishes the following
graphic account of an incident of these operations.

* Darkness called halt to friend and foe. Then, the call
for picket to relieve the skirmishers given, a detail was
made from each company, and, in the rain, wet, tired and
hungry, these men, who were to watch while others slept,
faced in single file towards the foe and marched out,
through the skirmish line, into the darkness. Quietly,
almost without a whisper, they took post perhaps ten feet

 

80 Fort Darling was built on the plantation of Maj. Alexander Hamilton Drewry,
and we ought to write Drewry’s Bluff.
182. RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

apart, and about two hundred yards in front of, and paral-
lel to, the line of battle. Their orders were to fire, with-
out challenging, upon any one approaching from the
direction of the enemy.

Save the drip of the softly-falling rain and an occasional
word from the line of battle in the rear, all was quiet.
With every ear intent to catch the slightest noise from
an enemy known to be so near, the sound of a branch
broken by some unwary foot spurred every one to the
vain attempt to see the threatening foe. Subdued whis-
perings followed, and were met by the half-suppressed
clicks along the picket line, as ready thumb and finger
prepared the rifles for immediate discharge. Men think
quick under such circumstances. Some further movement
was heard from the outer darkness, and a dozen rifles rang
out on the midnight air, followed by groans of wounded.
men, and cries of ‘Don’t fire upon friends.’ The picket
detail of some other command had blundered out into the
darkness before our lines.”

The Army of the James was marched up to and posted,
in a thin single line, along the captured outworks of
Drury’s Bluff. Heckman’s Brigade formed its extreme
right. Somebody must be at each end of every row of
soldiers. As the posts of danger, these are the posts of
honor. Very little experience teaches that one needs
either an impassable country on one’s open flunk or such
force of reserve in rear as will suffice to resist assault till
proper changes may be made in the main body. We had
neither. To our right a practicable, open country
stretched, more than a mile, to the James River. At the
earnest personal appeal of General Heckman, some rein-
forcements of infantry and artillery were ordered, but
they arrived too late to be of value during the attack.

Lt. Col. James Stewart, 9th N. J., in a letter, appar-
ently quoting from some previous publication, says :
DRURY’S BLUFF. 183

“« He was general-officer of the night and in placing and visiting the
pickets became aware that the enemy was massing in our front. He
reported personally to Gen. Heckman, Comm'd’g Brigade, this fact
and the urgent necessity of reinforcements being sent to protect the
gap which was open between our right and the James river. Gen.
Heckman sent his aid Lt. Richard P. Wheeler to Div. Hd. Qrs. with a
report of the situation and a request for the necessary assistance.

Some time later an officer reported to Col. Stewart with a company
of colored cavalry. As this was not what was wanted—in fact, this
reinforcement would have been an obstruction to us, under the cir-
cumstances and surroundings, rather than a help — Col. Stewart di-
rected the officer to take his command and follow the prolongation of
our line till he reached the banks of the James river, then take his
position and hold it till further orders.”

The only other information about our cavalry support,
which has reached me, is, that one of our pickets, falling
back at the onset of the enemy, fell in with an officer of
cavalry who asked the whereabouts of the enemy. Pro-
fessing incredulity of the account received, he made a
short personal investigation and then took his command to
the rear with a celerity which far outstripped my inform-
ant’s progress.

Another misfortune to the brigade resulted from its
move to the right late on Sunday the 15th. It was thus
compelled to give up the protection of works thrown up
during the day and had to rely upon such, very insuffi-
cient, shelter as could be raised, without proper tools, in
the night.

As finally placed to withstand the assault the brigade
was en echelon, in the order, from left to right, of 25th,
27th, 23rd Mass. and 9th N. J. In front of the 23rd the
woods, a growth of small hard pine and shrub oak, ex-
tended a few yards and then the open ground gradually
rose to the works of Drury’s Bluff—a sort of natural
glacis. A little-used wood-road followed, in a general
way, the line of the brigade. It cut the line of the 23rd
184 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

and afforded, for some of the companies, some protection
to men lying in the road-bed and firing over the bank.
Water, perhaps only the accumulation of three days’ rain,
filled a hollow between 23rd and 9th. A road called the
stage road, running, more or less parallel to the turnpike
from Petersburg to Richmond, was between the 23rd and
9th N. J.

Along this road Gen. Heckman and staff came from
their quarters to the battlefield. The enemy’s batteries
afterwards enfiladed it, with the purpose, perhaps, of im-
peding reinforcements.

Gen. Heckman’s account of the battle, as published in
“ Bearing Arms,” p. 350, is as follows:

*‘At midnight the rebs moved out from their works, massing
strongly on our extreme right, and, just before daylight, having ob-
tained position, rushed with great impetuosity on our pickets, but,
after a desperate struggle, were forced back by the gallant Capt. Law-
rence and day broke (thanks to the vigilance and gallantry of the Star
Brigade) with our lines still unbroken.

Shortly after dawn, a dense fog enveloped us, completely conceal-
ing the enemy from our view. Five picked brigades in column de-
bouched from the enemy’s works, and, rapidly advancing, drove in our
pickets, pressing up on a run to our main line. Hearing their ap-
proach, my brigade swept instantly into line and steadily awaited their
coming. When only five paces intervened between the rebel bayonets
and our inflexible line, a simultaneous scorching volley swept into the
faces of the exultant foe, smiting hundreds to the earth and hurling
the whole column back inconfusion. Five times, encouraged and ral-
lied by their officers, that magnificent rebel infantry advanced to the
attack, but only to meet and be driven back by those relentless vol-
leys of musketry.

Finding it impossible to succeed by direct attack, they now changed
front and attempted to crush my right, held by the Ninth New Jersey,
but, here, too, the right wing having been reserved, they were met by
a galling fire, and again fora moment faltered. But soon they once
more advanced in column by brigade, and the Star Brigade, being
without artillery, and, withal, vastly outnumbered, was, for the first
time in its history, compelled to fall back and take up a new position.

While this movement was being executed—the Ninth already in
position—my staff being engaged in other parts of the field, I passed
    
   
     
    
  
   
 
 
   
  

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DRURY’S BLUFF. 185

along to the left of the Ninth to a point I supposed to be occupied by
the Twenty-third, but found instead an approaching line of battle.
Taking it to be reinforcements, I ordered them to wheel to the right
and charge, and at the next moment, discovered that they were ‘‘gray-
backs” and at 9 a. M., of the 16th, 1 was a guest of the Hotel de
Libby.

I never at any other time experienced such musketry fire as on that
day. It was one incessant volley, and its terrible fatality may be
judged from the fact that the enemy acknowledged a loss of four thou-
sand five hundred on my front alone; and I lost nearly all my field and
line officers either killed or wounded.”

One needs only General Heckman’s assertion that he
supposed an advancing rebel force to be a reinforcement
from our side, and, that, as such, he ordered it to wheel
to the right and charge the enemy, to account for his fail-
ure to find the 23rd in its supposed position. In fact,
the General, unaware or forgetful of the fact that the right
flank of the 9th N. J. had been twice reserved — facing
three ways to the enveloping enemy — walked out from
the angle, which he supposed the regimental left, into the
hands of the enemy.

It is difficult, for one who was not in it, to form a fair
idea of the density of that morning’s fog. Even before
the action became general a column of the enemy, almost
within stone’s throw, was only detected by a momentary
lift of the fog, showing their massed feet on the opposite
slope. Those on the right flank of the 23rd were first
made aware of the crushing attack on their right-rear by
the splashing of feet through the pool. The rebel-bri-
gade, which swept away the twice reserved flank of the
9th N. J., passed its left companies unheeded in the fog
which was by that time doubly thick with smoke. Nor
was the fog entirely to our disadvantage. It, doubtless,
led, by permitting their close approach en masse, to that
dire punishment which disabled Beauregard’s left and
prevented its further advance that day. The bravest
186 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

remnant is slow to charge again over ground paved with
fallen comrades. Again, when retreat was inevitable,
the friendly fog provided a near haven for the fugitives.

Not till after midnight did Gen. Heckman and his
staff seek the sleep which human nature demands, and
never so peremptorily as after a long, long day in the
saddle. Hardly, as it seemed, were they warm in their
beds, when heavy firing on the skirmish line demanded
their presence with the command. Arriving, by the road
which cut the brigade line between the 9th N. J. and
23rd Mass., the staff was sent in all directions for the
latest reports.

It fellto Lt. C. S. Emmerton, A. D. C., to be sent
along the brigade line to the left. He found the 27th up
and ready, but unable to see any enemy. To Col. Bar-
tholomew’s inquiry, what to fire at, the lieutenant was
able to answer by pointing out the massed feet of the en-
emy, marking time on the opposite slope, and thinking
this information of sufficient importance, returned to re-
port it to Gen. Heckman.

Before he reached the 23rd an adventurous rebel, per-
haps a skirmisher in advance of the force to which by this
time the 27th was paying attention, fired at him and re-
ceived an equally harmless return shot. Not stopping to
settle the matter, but referring it to Capt. Kent who was,
with his company, on the left flank of the 23rd, he pushed
on by the regimental line and, across the interval, to the
9th N. J. Here his inquiry for the General being met by
the answer “further to the right,” he went on, only to
find the right companies represented by nothing but the
killed and wounded on the ground. Misled, as the General
was, by his ignorance of the change in the regimental
formation, he kept on through the fog. Very strangely,
be missed any body of the enemy, but occasionally en-
DRURY’S BLUFF. 187

countered individuals, and, in one case at least, changed
the order of things by encouraging a body of our men,
going to the rebel rear as prisoners, to take their guard in
charge, and show them the way to our rear. He reached
brigade headquarters, and, finally, the remnant of the
brigade in its new position.

Shelter tents and camp equipage for eight companies of
the 23rd had been brought up the afternoon before.
With them had come a scanty supply of entrenching tools
which, worked by reliefs, were of some value in improv-
ing the scanty breastworks. As Gen. Heckman states,
the first serious fire from the picket-line brought the reg-
iment into place, and a steady fire had been kept up from
the time the fire of the enemy gave some sort of target.
Officers and men alike estimate this period of successful
resistance to the front attack, at two hours. Some say
they nearly exhausted their ammunition. It is difficult
to reconcile this supposed lapse of time with other facts.
It was, probably, much less.

Lt. Col. Chambers was in command of the regiment.
One of the diarists records that, during this early time,
he was walking up and down behind the line, clapping his
hands, and evidently enjoying the fun.

Lt. Isaac H. Edgett, his acting-adjutant, reports, “when
Col. Chambers was hit, we were standing very close to-
gether, and he fell against me, forcing me down on the
right knee —his body falling across my left. I laid him
on the ground, and was proceeding to ascertain the nature
of his wound, when he rose to his knees and said ‘I guess
they have fetched me this time—Go and find Brewster
(Major), and tell him to take command, but don’t let any-
body else know that Iam hit.’ He then got upon his feet
and, clutching his left breast with both hands, started for
the rear. I learned afterwards, that he went only a short
188 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

distance when he fell again, was picked up and carried
away on a stretcher.”

Even then he refused to lie down, but went away, sit-
ting cross-legged on the stretcher, and, with compressed
lips, repressing any sign of the pain he suffered.

Failing to find Maj. Brewster, Lt. Edgett sought Capt.
Raymond of‘G,’ senior captain, commanding his company
on the right ofthe line. He found the Captain just pick-
ing himself up from the mud. He had been knocked
down by a bullet which grazed his head, and had tempo-
rarily confused the faculties, usually so clear and ready
on the battle-field.

Hardly had the captain fairly taken in the situation,
and, accepting the responsibility thrown upon him by the
chances of war, had taken one turn up and down the line,
when one of his men drew his attention to the right and
rear with “Look there, Captain!” Looking, he saw an
explanation of the splashing sound, which, through all
the tumult of the battle, had been puzzling him. A large
force of the enemy was coming full on our right, and
slightly overlapping that flank.

It was, evidently, time for a change of tactics. Cap-
tain Raymond’s order “ Fix bayonets,” brought the won-
dering regiment to its feet. The men, busily occupied
with the enemy in front, and confident of their ability to
hold him there, were puzzled as to whose assault they
were expected to repel. Adjutant Edgett ran down the
line to inform the officers of the attack on our flank and
Capt. Kent, from the left company, carried the word to
the other commands beyond. None too soon, came “ Face
to the rear!” “ Fall back!” The enemy was, already, be-
hind our line and many of the right flank company, march-
ing directly into their hands, became prisoners. A like
fate, to less extent, befell all the companies. Even ‘H,’
DRURY’S BLUFF. 189

on the left, lost four men. The regiment was forced from
its position and lost, temporarily, its organization.

Within a few rods of the original position, Lt. R. P.
Wheeler, aid to Gen. Heckman, made a zealous attempt
to rally the men and form them for organized resistance.
A number halted and fell into line. Voices raised in en-
treaty and command attracted the attention of the enemy,
who sent in a volley. Lt. Wheeler fell, and, with him,
ceased all attempt at holding that line.

A little band of devoted spirits, including the color-
guard, determined to do their best to save the regimental
colors. They got into a snarl of brambly undergrowth,
and, when they had extricated themselves, were surprised,
on a sudden lightening of the fog, by the sight of a rebel
line, with five colors, within as many rods of them. They
kept up a steady fire, and the rebels, perhaps still unable
to see how small a force was behind our colors, advanced
but slowly. Serg. David Wallis, of Co. ‘F,’ carried the
National flag. Wrapping it around the staff, grasping the
staff by the lance-end and trailing it behind him, to avoid
catching in the bushes, he put his long legs to good use.
Running away obliquely, he escaped injury from the vol-
ley sent after him (although two bullets tore his clothes)
and saved the flag. Perhaps the others might still have
escaped but for the obstinacy of Corp. Fernald of ‘G,’
who carried the State flag. He was so convinced that the
line, in sight through the fog, was of our friends, that he
actually made it necessary for the others to use force to
prevent him from going over to the enemy. This delay
brought the enemy's line so near, that, in the increasing
light, they saw the great disparity of the forces, and de-
manded a surrender. To this our squad, hoping to gain
a little time, answered with a volley. The return fire,
coming from the whole rebel line, killed seven and
wounded three.
190 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Of the four still in condition to defend the State-flag was
private William D. Cole of Co.*E.’ Eurly in the fight
he had received a flesh wound in the left upper arm. This
did not prevent him from keeping his rifle agoing till the
barrel was so hot that he hardly dared Joad again. At
his feet, lay his son, Edwin L. Cole of Co. ‘E,’ disabled by
a wound in the leg. Hoping still to delay the advancing
line, the elder Cole tried “one more shot” at the color-
bearer and missed. The return volley left Cole on the
ground riddled with balls. At last the rebel line charged
forward, captured the flag, and made prisoners of Corp.
Fernald of ‘G,’ Corp. Smith of ‘E,’ and priv. Henry Pratt
of the same company who, without a rifle himself, had been
very efficient in tearing cartridges for Cole. One effective
rifle in the group.

Capt. Raymond of ‘G,’ following the retreating regi-
ment, stopped to help a wounded man, Bray of his com-
pany. Concluding, from the bloody torrent gushing from
the man’s breast, that he could do no good, he rose to
leave him, and found the rebel line, with colors, close
uponhim. His contemptuous refusal to surrender brought
avolley upon him which tore his clothes, carried away his
sword-belt and almost blinded him with the dust and bits
of bark torn from neighboring trees. Yielding to first
impulse, he opened a return fire from his revolver, but
speedily recognizing the odds against him, he left the
field in the hands of the enemy and escaped into the fa-
voring fog.

He soon came across a group surrounding the wounded
Wheeler, who was very urgent that the regiment should
not suffer for his sake. He said that he was mortally
wounded and might as well be left to die ; that the attempt
to carry him from the field would at least endanger his
bearers, and might be disastrous to the regiment. He
took out his watch, diary, eéc., and, consigning these to
  

H. E. Valentine, ‘F’. Corp. D. W. Burchstead, ‘F’.

 

Edwin L. Cole, ‘B’. 1st Serg. C. M. Maxim, ‘E’.
DRURY’S BLUFF. 191

his friends, begged them to leave him to his fate. Capt.
Raymond would hear of no such sacrifice, but saw the un-
selfish hero safely on his way to an ambulance and the
rear.

Soon after, hearing a familiar voice, in phrases which the
friends of Col. Chambers can readily supply, from a thicket
which he was passing, Capt. Raymond entered and found
the Lieut. Colonel’s stretcher bearers lost, and despairing
of finding their way to the hospital. These, too, he set
on their right way.

Before leaving the battle-ground it may be well to make
record of the final experiences of the Coles of ‘KE.’
Though the son had but one wound, in the leg, the father
was wounded as he may expect to be who undertakes,
single handed, to resist a brigade at short range. Early
in the action, a musket-ball had passed through his lett
upper arm. The shot which at last disabled him came
from a “buck and ball” cartridge. The ball traversed
the abdominal cavity and carried away a bit of the hip-
bone. The buck-shot, four in number, passed through
the anterior walls of the abdomen. While lying helpless,
a stray ball came along and piercing nine, still unread,
letters, in his blouse pocket, entered, without penetrating,
his left arm again. Two of the buckshot emerged by
one wound of exit and the last ball fell from the shallow
wound it had made. That leaves twelve bleeding wounds.

They had fallen in the open, and, when the fog had
finally disappeared, found the heat of the sun and the
thirst from their wounds unbearable and tried to reach the
shade. No sooner were they seen, erect, than the rebels
made them prisoners and took them, incredible as it may
seem, mostly on foot to the steamboat which carried them
to Richmond.

At Mr. Cole’s desire, the guard permitted them to go
192 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

along, or near, the line of battle. They passed through
the woods, whence they could see the ground in front of
the 25thand 27th Mass. Here, as elsewhere, the wounded
had been removed, and the dead, although in large, were
not in astonishing numbers. When they reached the
ground occupied by the 23rd, the space in front was so
cumbered with the dead, which lay in three windrows
where the division lines had stood, that young Cole ut-
tered a cry of amazement. At this, their guard asked
the number the 23rd had carried into the fight, and, when
told, was astonished in his turn and exclaimed, “ Why,
you have killed outright more men than you had in line!”
The small number of dead, whether of our men or of the
enemy, which they saw and counted on the right of the
brigade, may, perhaps, be accounted for by the changed
position of the 9th N. J. during the fight.

As they passed over the battle-field, where, as Corp. Davis
of *G,’—“Uncle Tom,”—had found it some hours earlier,
they were constantly compelled to turn aside to avoid the
dead, and along the glacis of the fort, covered, far and near,
with the wounded, the unusual sight of a father and son,
wounded and prisoners, attracted much attention. The
compassion of a subordinate officer of the ambulance
corps gave them a lift of which the peppery Major in
charge soon deprived them. While lying by the road-
side, Gen. Beauregard catechised them and went off
much elated by the number, furnished by the prudent
Cole, of the Yankees whom he considered whipped by his
smaller force.

Some of our men, after the failure of the first attempt
to rally, encountered a general-officer (they say General
Smith, our corps commander) who upbraided them with,
* For shame! Men, for Shame! The best brigade in the
18th corps behaving in this way.”
AFTER DRURY’S BLUFF. 193

* All halted and exclaimed,‘ We are not running, General, we are
ordered back.’ Without another word he spurred his horse forward.
In a few moments he came back, at great speed, went to the top of a
hill beyond us and made preparation for forming a new line. He or-
dered the ground to be cleared of shelter-tents where a Rhode Island
battery had camped. Just infront a Captain of the 9th N. J. had formed
a line of his own regiment, with a few of ours, say two hundred in all.
We advanced to the edge of the woods in front, where we halted and
remained in line. ‘The shells were still flying overhead but the enemy
made no further advance in that direction.”

Something further to the right, a larger number of the
23rd, perhaps the equivalent of a company, as companies
went in those days, was gathered under Capt. Raymond.
Gen. Smith, needing a force to hold a house still further
to the right, asked for the 23rd and itscommander. Be-
ing assured that they were before him, he regretted that
their numbers were so reduced, but, having apparently
modified his opinions, sent them on the duty with the re-
mark that even so few of the 23rd could be relied upon.
They held that position till the army fell back, at night,
to our lines at Cobb’s Hill.

Capt. D. W. Hammond had been sent to our old camp,
near Cobb’s Hill, to bring up those who had been unable
to march with the regiment when we left camp, but
might be found sufficiently recovered to share the siege
of Fort Darling. He had collected about one hundred
and was nearly ready to start with them when one of
the 23rd came in, on horseback, with news of our re-
verse. He mounted the horse and led the reinforcement
with Sergt. Charles Friend of ‘G’ for lieutenant. After
about a mile he met a general-officer, whom, on inquiry,
he found to be Gen. Martindale and who ordered him to
hold a fork of the road and promised that a battery should
be sent to help him. Capt. Hammond, with this force,

 

31C, A. Barker of ‘U.’
13
194 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

held the fork of the road until all the command had
passed towards the fortifications near Cobb’s Hill.

The following order may serve to show how the Star
Brigade stood with its Division commander the day after

the fight in the fog:
Hd. Qr. 2nd Div. 18 Corps.
In the Field, 17 May, ’64.

iGen. Ord. No. 7.

The Gen. Commd’g desires to thank the officers and
men of this Division for their patience, endurance and bravery, dur-
ing.the operations of the last twelve days.

A perfect stranger to the Division on assuming command of it, his
experience with it, during the above period, has given him the most
perfect confidence and gratification.

By ord. of Brig. Gen. G. WEITZEL.
(Sga.) E. E. GRAVES.
Lt. and A. A. G.

The record of the casualties at Drury’s Bluff must
always share the uncertainty which falls to all battles
where the ground is left in the hands of the enemy.

The regimental record, as published in the Adj. Gen.
Rep. “ Massachusetts in the Civil War,” gives 89 killed,
wounded and missing. Many men known to have been
very seriously wounded, including, of course, all who
could not help themselves nor even be helped from the
field were reported “taken prisoners,” and, very properly,
for some of them are hale men to-day. As time went on
some of these were paroled and brought us news of the
fate of some of their comrades. I assume that all, of
whom no word ever came from the rebel hospitals and
prisons, died on the field of battle.

KILLED, 13.
Kelly, James W., Private, Co. A.
Wilkins, George G., ee se ee
Jones, John W., Corporal, Co. B.
Sawyer, Charles H., Private, Sts

Wormstead, Theodore, “ 6
CASUALTIES AT DRURY’S BLUFF.

Wing, John A.,
Swaney, William H.,
Bray, Benjamin,
Wood, Charles,
Crooker, Marshall,
Bridges, Jelouis F.,
Cunningham, John,
Jackman, Benjamin H.,

DIED OF WOUNDS, 10.

Private

Corporal,
Private,
“ce

Chambers, John G., Hampton, Va., 15 July, 64, Lt. Col.
Wheeler, Richard P., A. A. D. C. to Gen. Heckman, Ist Lt.,

Hampton, Va., 2 June, "64,

Fuller, Benjamin F., Richmond, Va.,7 June, ’64, Private,

Cromett, John E., Hampton, Va., 23 May, ’64,

oe

Day, Abraham, Jun., Richmond, Va., 31 May, 64, ae

Kingman, Henry C., gs “ 6 Aug., 64,
Taylor, William H., * ‘¢ 25 May, ’64,
Dickinson, Elmer F., New York, 17 June, ’64,

“cc

Corporal,

Nelson, Fletcher N., Richmond, Va., June, ’64,‘‘ “
Sweet, Caleb W., as “3 Aug., 64, Private,

WOUNDED, 16,
Ricker, Francis M.,
Potter, Frederic A.,
Flynn, Thomas,
Crosby, John F.,
Spencer, Byron,
Cole, Edwin L.,
Cole, William D.,
Page, James W.,
Stetson, Edward L.,
Brown, Robert N.,
Liffin, John,
Reed, Perrin W.,
Kent, W. L.,
Davenport, Edward L.,
Parsons, John D.,
Gay, Andrew,
Perkins, Josiah A.,

PRISONERS.

Gove, Wm. A., paroled,

Chute, Andrew M., d. And’ville, 8 Sept., 64,

Higgins, Abisher A., ‘“ * 12 Aug., ’64,

Private,
Sergeant,

Private,
ee

Captain,
Sergeant,
Corporal,

Private,
be

Private,

‘ce

rH OVOWE

‘

Be
196. RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Morgan, Patrick, d. And’ville, 7 Sept., ’64, Private,
Nickett, Frank, d. Richmond, 3 Mch., ’65, we

Ray, William H.. #8
Griffin, Benj’n H., d. And’ville, 23 Sept., 64, Sergeant,
Brackett, Levi, Jun., ‘ es 11 June, ’64, Private,

sé

Delano, Henry A., paroled,
Gray, James S.,d. Charleston, S. C., 22 Sept., 64, *

Tripp, Jireh B., ‘ ee “4 Oct., ’64, Corporal,
Ormond, Patrick, d. And’ville, Sept., ’64, Private,
Patch, John S., paroled, ee
Smith, Benj’n H., Corporal,
Blaisdell, George E., paroled, Private,
Cole, Edwin L., paroled, ce
Cole, Wm. D., paroled, a
Parsons, William, d. And’ville, 22 June, ’64, ee
Pratt, Henry, ee és 15 Aug., ’64, ae
Quinlan, John, paroled, ae
Carlton, David, killed Charleston, 25 Sept., ’64, Ist Sergt.,
Winchester, Silas, d. Florence, 19 Oct., 64, Corporal,
Dudley, Charles, paroled, Private,
Grosvenor, Edward P., d. And’ville, #§
Hinckley, Geo. O., “se 7 28 Sept., ’64, *
Tibbetts, Alvah, 48 He 2 Aug., ’64, a
Goodridge, Samuel, Jr., ‘“ “ Ist Sergt.,
Dennis, Charles R., d. And’ville, Sept.,’ 64, Sergeant,
Munsey, Wm., paroled, “6
Blanchard, Andrew J., d. Florence, 4 Nov., ‘64, Corporal,
Davis, Thomas D., paroled, ee
Fernald, Charles G., d. And'ville, 29 Aug., 64, **
Jeffs, Tristam C., d. Charleston, 14 Oct., ’64, se
Wallis, Joseph P., se “e Nov., 64, &s
Agent, Joseph F., d. (Charleston?), Sept., ’64, Private,
Burk, Edward K., paroled, we
Clayton, John W., ae “
Danforth, Geo. A., d. And’ville, 17 Aug., 64,  «
Elliott, Charles, 2nd, d. Charleston,  Sept., ’64, ee
Elliott, Israel, Jr., « fe 12) 6 se es
McGrath, Louis, d. Florence, ’64, “
Morgan, Edmand C., “ And’ville, 5 Aug., ’64. te
Stott, John, ‘« (Florence?), 14 Oct., ’64, «
Trask, Charles P., paroled, “

Webber, Eleazer A., d. And’ville, 12 Sept., 64, <««
Austin, E. V., paroled, Corporal,

Co. B.
 
LT. COL. JOHN G. CHAMBERS. 197

Hildreth, James M., d. And’ville, 24 Sept.’64. Private, Co. H.
Mitchell, Walter C., eee & 1“ “ “ eee
McKenzie, Geo. B., “ “ 21 Aug., 64, “ “« J,
McCormick, Thomas, ts “ «RK,
Snow, Hiram A., “ ee “we

It appears then, that of about 220 in the fight, 13 were
killed on or near the field of battle, 10 are known to have
died of their wounds, 17 others were wounded and 51
taken prisoners. Of these 14 were paroled, 33 are known
to have died in prison and four are (at date) uncertain.

Joun G. CuamBers, son of John and Belinda (Woods)
Chambers, was born at Chelsea, Mass., 15 Sept., 1828.
At the age of fifteen, he went to work, at first in a print-
ing office at Cambridge, and, after a little, in the office of
the Boston Journal.

In the spring of 1846 he enlisted, in Co. ‘E,’ Capt.
Crowninshield, of the Massachusetts Regiment, for ser-
vice in Mexico, and served through the war. One of his
comrades recollects him as “ genial comrade and gallant
soldier.”

After that war, he was at work, as compositor for the
Journal, as reporter for the Adlas, or, as collecting clerk
for the Courier. In the spring of 1861, he went out,
with the 5th M. V. M. as Ist Lt. in Co. ‘E,’ and, after a
time, was appointed Adjutant. His commander, Gen. S.
C. Lawrence of Medford, says of him:

‘¢ He was born a soldier, and those details of the military art, which
many learn only by painful application, seemed to come to him by in-
spiration . . . His soldierly bearing and conspicuous gallantry placed
him high in the esteem of the entire command, and, when, afterwards,
his old comrades heard of his appointment in the Twenty-third, they
predicted for him a brilliant career in the service of his country ; their
expectations were fast being realized when he was cut off by an early
and glorious death. Nowhere was that event more sincerely mourned

than in this community where he had established his home and where
he had made a wide circle of friends.”
198 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

In the 28rd, he, to say the least, ably seconded the
efforts of his superior officers to turn our crowd of will-
ing and intelligent civilians into soldiers. At Roanoke,
he was disabled by sciatica and spent the day of the
battle in his bunk,—the unhappiest man in the army.
On the Tarboro march, his old enemy, sciatica, returned
and disabled him. At Wilcox Bridge he received a
wound, more troublesome and tedious than dangerous.

The bullet, at Drury’s Bluff, struck, first, his watch,
and, traversing his left side, lodged near the spine.
When extracted, at the Chesapeake Hospital, it was found
flattened with bits of the works from the watch embedded
in it.

On the field his wound seemed likely to be speedily
fatal. We were surprised, as the weeks went by, to hear
that he still survived. I saw him at the Chesapeake Hos-
pital on the 22nd of June. He was then very lively,
showed great interest in the news from the regiment and
no very obvious reason why he might not recover. Un-
toward symptoms set in. He died 15 July, 1864.

The regiment lost its best soldier in Lt. Col. John G.
Chambers. Previous experience of actual service, in
which he was, nearly, or quite, alone, among the regi-
mental officers, helped his natural abilities. He was very
mpatient of the “town meeting” management of compa-
nies, so common among volunteers. He insisted upon a
proper distinction between commissioned officers and en-
listed men. If, in the beginning, and while holding a
subordinate position, he did indulge in the conviviality so
common among those of his age and rank in our army,
as the years passed and he assumed responsible command,
all this was changed. The condition of the regiment,
while he had command, and its prowess at Whitehall, are
his best epitaphs to those familiar with that time.
R. P. WHEELER, 18ST LT. AND A.A. D.C. 199

Ricuarp P. WHEELER, born in Danvers, Mass., 16
Aug., 1835, lost his father when he was but fourteen years
old, but had already won his place and recognition among
the business men of Salem when the war broke out, and
he enlisted as 1st Sergt. of Co. ‘F.’

Comrades, your historian, who, in the early days of the
war, for weeks shared tent and mess and blankets with
him, may well voice your common thought. “How good
a fellow we lost when Dick Wheeler died!” We, who
saw him in action, hurrying across the hottest fire of the
enemy with message from his general, or, in a night-
alarm, cool, with rare “four o’clock in the morning”
courage, we, who found him, not simply reckless of dan-
ger, but, thoughtless of everything but duty, we know
how good a soldier met his fate in the fog of Drury’s
Bluff and we can properly appreciate his last words, when,
after some days promise of recovery, sudden untoward
symptoms made death inevitable. “Iam fully ready to
die —I have given my country my all.”

He was buried, with appropriate ceremony, from the
Tabernacle Church in Salem.

Serg. David Carlton of ‘F’ meta sad fate. His inde-
fatigable unselfishness kept him, as long as reason lasted,
among the cheeriest and most useful to his fellow-pris-
oners. After a time, his privations induced the dementia
so common in the inhuman prison-pens. In this condi-
tion, he wandered too near “ the dead line” and was mur-
dered by his guards.
CHAPTER XI.

UNBOTTLED. WHITE HOUSE LANDING. NEW CASTLE FERRY. COLD
HARBOR. ITS ETYMOLOGY. GEN. STANNARD’S REPORT. INCI-
DENTS. THE TRUCE TO BURY THE DEAD. CASUALTIES.
MAJOR BREWSTER.

The current phrase “bottled up,” as applied to the army
of the James after Drury’s Bluff, is, after all, not fairly
descriptive. It is probable, though never settled by ex-
periment, that we could not have marched, easily and
pleasantly, out to our recent battle-fields. It was de-
monstrated that the enemy, who made numerous and per-
sistent efforts, could not get in. In most other directions,
we could go as we pleased, and it did please the authori-
ties to send a considerable force to codperate with Grant.

As I was directly with the regiment during the expedi-
tion, my diary, pretty full at the time and amplified soon
atter the war, will, with help from others who shared in
the marring while my task was the mending, furnish a
convenient journal and itinerary.

27 May, ’64. The regiment was almost “on the move”
and orders came for me to select those unfit for marching.
Have no note how many were found, but, that the number
was large, may be gathered from the diary of a clerk at
Brigade Head-quarters,” who says that four officers and
two hundred and three men were reported from the brig-
ade, and that all these were sent, by order from Division
Head-quarters, for further examination by a board of
Surgeons at Corps Hospital, with threat of condign pun-

 

32 i. E. Valentine of ‘FJ?
1200)
TO CITY POINT. 201

ishment to malingerers. After a tedious wait of some
hours in column, we were marched off into the woods hop-
ing to deceive the inquisitive enemy as to our destination.

In camp, that night, I shared the quarter-master’s shel-
ter tent. (It is the freely expressed conviction of the
Honorable, the Secretary of the Commonwealth of Mas-
sachusetts that he and the Historian of the 23rd Vol. Infy.,
would, in this year of grace, if sleeping in one shelter tent,
be somewhat crowded.)

28 May, 64. Up at 4.30. Sick call, 5.30. Waited
till 6 yp. m. for orders to march. Nearing the Appomat-
tox, at Broadway Landing, we waited ‘again for utter
blank darkness before we attempted to feel our way down
a steep, crumbling bank, across a narrow pontoon (pro-
vided by Capt. John Pickering, Jr., of Salem and his
13th Company of unattached Artillery), and up, through
more clinging mud, on the way towards City-Point. We
were still supposed to be stealing away from the enemy
—fearing, not his attack but his observation. We were
convinced that the enemy could not see us much. Noth-
ing reached our sleepy eyes but the occasional glow of a
pipe-lighting match or the shimmer of new palm-leaf hats
from the rear rank. These hats were the application of
the teaching of the sun at Walthall Landing and Swift
Creek. Finally, we filed away among the tender shoots
of foot-high barley, glad to sleep even without the usual
cheery fires. Our new chaplain, the Rev. Lewis L. Rec-
ord of Gloucester, Mass., was manfully sharing our lot,
but, when it came to sleeping on the ground, feared
snakes and insisted upon a place in a wagon.

29th. As usual the regiment was up betimes and eight
companies were soon on board the Montauk, with ‘G’ and
*K’ on another steamer. Here we waited the livelong
day and were then sent to Fortress Monroe for orders. We
202. RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

were soon overtaken by Gen. Martindale, on the C. W.
Thomas, who told us to follow him up the York River as
far as he went. Fort Powhatan, the new stronghold, built
and held by colored soldiers, was passed before dark,
and solid sleep left the question of continued progress
unsettled and uncared for.

30 May, 64. From Fort Boykin and the familiar New-
port’s News, Fort Monroe and Yorktown, we pushed on to
new sights on the York and Pamunkey. The York showed
more houses on its banks than the James but hardly of
equal style. The Pamunkey was, to most of us, a novel
proof how crooked a river can be. At times, looking
across the level meadow, three steamers could be seen
seemingly steering in opposite directions but all, in re-
ality, striving to reach our common objective, the “White
House.” At last, it is hardly necessary to say, on a bend,
we meta returning schooner, and, trying to escape her as
the swirling current brought her down upon us, ran our
own nose into the bank and found ourselves fast, on a
young ebb-tide. We were on the right bank and under
a steep bluff which completely commanded us. Possible
guerilla attack was met by proper preparation.

31st. Found us fast, but the rising tide suggested an-
other pull at the anchor, which had been carried out astern,
and off we went leaving on the bank a young lady, in
jockey hat and feather, who had come down, from some
neighboring house, to inspect the invading horde. The
usual quiet of White House Landing was broken with a
bustle unknown since McClellan’s forces had left it two
years before. As steamboat arrived after steamboat, their
living freight was landed, and, forming by regiments and
brigades, took place for the coming march. Many,
snatching the opportunity to rid themselves of the dust of
Bermuda Hundred, and not loath to escape from the
NEW CASTLE FERRY. 203

fervid heat, made the shore gay with bathers,— though
quite lacking the bizarre costumes of the seashore.

By mid-afternoon, the column started. For a while
we went through a region marked by recent cavalry fight-
ing and nauseous with the smell of dead horses. Soon,
filing away to the northwestward, we entered a portion of
Virginia as yet unvexed by war’s destruction, if not en-
tirely free from war’s alarms. About sunset we halted for
a time near a fine mansion looking down, from an easy
hillside, over fine lawns and fertile fields. Modern taste
had as yet taught few of us to contemn its classic colon-
nade. It seemed a fair exponent of the wealth and refine-
ment of tide-water Virginia. The march was prolonged
far into the evening and long after all were aching for
sleep.

Now I do not propose to end each day’s chronicle with
an assertion of the need or a laudation of the comfort of
restoring sleep. Still, I will leave it to my comrades, to
all who have known summer campaigns, whether loss of
sleep is not, at least, one of the worst experiences.
Thirst, within bounds, may be endured. Hunger’ in a
measure, defeats itself with the faintness which kills appe-
tite. Sleep alone will not be put off. Every moment
its demands are more exigent. The horseman in his
saddle, and the foot soldier in the dusty road, momen-
tarily losing consciousness and as instantly waking to the
drear certainty that the end is not yet, alike long for the
order to halt and the chance of a night’s slumber. When
the opportunity comes, it is never for all. Some must
watch while others sleep. I, who have never “been
there,” fully sympathize with the trials of him who must
serve a first tour of duty on picket after a fatiguing
march.

1 June, ’64. However, after an early breakfast we
904 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

were off for a hot march to New Castle Ferry and formed
lines of battle in a huge open field where nothing but
muttering of distant artillery gave sign of war. After
this had become tedious we were started off again, so
nearly on our morning’s track, as to indicate something
wrong in orders.

I doubt if the still ignorant line would have been better
pleased had they then learned that our wearily prolonged
march last night and our broiling to-day were each un-
called for, or at least misplaced, and, that, by the clumsy
error of a telegraph operator, an army intended for New
Cold Harbor had been sent to New Castle Ferry. There
was no misunderstanding the effort made to correct the
mistake. Few who shared will ever forget that ten miles
of forced marching under a fervid sun and through clouds of
dust. It was hard to prevent straggling. The men,
comparatively unused, could not endure the double in-
fliction. Am glad to say that the men of the Star Bri-
gade set a good example to their fellows. We were
pretty well winnowed of the straggling kind. Perhaps
the sight of a portion of the 6th Corps, hurrying across,
with closed files and well-preserved distances, in execu-
tion of one of Gen. Grant’s flanking movements, had a
salutary effect as example.

There was still some daylight when we crossed the last
rise and entered the wide valley which was to be the last
resting place of so many; the scene of suffering and trial
to all. Already the bickering of the skirmish lines
sounded like business. Our mass against the evening
sky proved an irresistible temptation to some rebel artil-
lerists. Their shell went clattering, like steel-clad pig-
eons, over our heads and did “ excite the special wonder ”
of our new-fledged Chaplain.

Cold Harbor is, or was, during the war, a stumbling-
COLD HARBOR. 205

block to American writers. Perhaps there were as many
who wrote Cole or Coal as were those who spelled the
word as I have above, and as it is now, I think, generally
accepted. The name, as found in Virginia, may be as-
sumed to have been imported, a reminiscence of home
with an early settler who came from ofie of the one hun-
dred and fifty Cold Harbors which are scattered over
thirty-two counties of Great Britain.

Fifteen years before our fight, on that memorable 8rd
of June, 1864, fixed indelibly on the memories of all
Americans the name of a hitherto unknown Virginian
hamlet, the question of the etymology of the name was
raised in England, was discussed by the Society of Anti-
quaries, and had become a standing topic with the corre-
spondents of “ Votes and Queries.”

They bandied it about till our war was well over.
They devoted no little research and applied great inge-
nuity, with no convincing result. Specious suggestions
founded on the Latin, Celtic and other ancient tongues
made the Cold Harbors by turns coal-pits, grain-bins and
sheep-cotes. One thought them locations of Roman col-
onists ; putting into the mouths of the unlettered people a
possible contraction, used in writings which they could
never have seen, viz., Col arva. Another, discovering
that the name was always used at a bend of the road, ran-
sacked his Latin, and produced, Coluber, a snake.

Behind all these fancies was shown the sturdy fact that
all along the Roman roads, from Basle through Britain,
forts or stations had a name to which the people, as is ev-
ident from the persistent idea running through all the
differing languages and dialects encountered by the way,
attached the idea Cold, though we may never tell why.

No descendant of the Puritans, remembering the wel-
come refuge their fathers found in the block-house against
206 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

the incursive red-skin, will need explanation of the fact
that Roman colonists looked upon their forts as havens
or harbors from the blue-skinned Picts.

For a general statement of the Cold Harbor campaign
I copy from Gen. Stannard’s Report such parts as describe
operations in which the 23rd had a share.

“Report of operations of the 1st Brigade, 2nd Division, 18th Corps
Army of the Potomac, from the 31st of May, when we landed at the
White House, to the 20th of June when relieved from the command
and assigned to the 1st Division.”

* CAPTAIN,

In obedience to orders from Division Headquarters, that portion
of the lst Brigade which landed from transports, consisting of the
27th Mass., 55th Penn., 23rd and 25th Mass. Reg'ts, marched at 3 P.M.
on the 3lst of May, preceded by the 2nd Brigade from White House
Landing, on the Pamunkey River, in the direction of New Castle.
The 9th N. Jersey Reg’t of this Brigade had not yet arrived. At 11
Pp. M. the command bivouacked in line of battle on the left of the road
and parallel with it. The 25th Mass. Reg’t was placed on picket. At
74 a.M. of the 1st of June, resumed the march, arriving at Coal Har-
bor, about 3p.m. At44P.M., the command having been moved to
the extreme right of our Corps line, the 55th Penn., was formed in
line of battle on our right, and the three remaining regiments, by di-
vision en masse were posted in echelon from right to left.

A few moments later, a division of the 27th, Major Walker, were
deployed as skirmishers to cover the right and flank of the Division,
and, at the same time, the 25th, Col. Pickett, were ordered to dislodge
the enemy from a small redoubt in our front, which they easily ac-
complished. The remainder of the 27th was sent to the support of a
battery of artillery.” * * *

The whole command now moved forward, the 25th Mass. on the
right, joined by the 55th Penn. and 23rd Mass. on its left; the left of
our line serving as a support to our first line which now became heav-
ily engaged. The command lay in this position till eight p. mM. when
it was, by the direction of the General commanding Division, moved
to the right, where it occupied throughout the night a line of rifle-
pits from which the enemy had previously been driven, with a strong
picket, consisting of three companies of the 25th Mass., in our front.
The command lay in the position above indicated throughout the
day, on the 2nd, and about 9 Pp. M., was ordered to extend its line, by
deployment to the right, to form a junction with the 5th Corps and
cover the movement of trains.
COLD HARBOR. 207

We lay in this position until daybreak on the 83rd, when, the trains
having passed, our intervals were closed to the left, and, at 4 a.M.,
the whole command moved to the left. Having moved about halfa
mile, the Brigade was formed en masse by division, the 27th Mass.
leading, and, moving rapidly across an open field under a sharp ar-
tillery fire, entered a piece of woods through which we moved in the
same formation, our left resting upon the edge of aravine. The col-
umn was formed in the following order, 27th Mass., Major Walker;
25th Mass., Col. Picket; 23rd Mass., Col. Elwell and 55th Penn., Cap-
tain Shearer. The 27th Mass. was now deployed as skirmishers, and,
moving up cautiously arrived at a distance of 350 yards of the enemy’s
works, when the command was ordered to charge over an intervening
rifle pit and carry the works by storm.

The works, at this point, consisted of strong rifle-pits, converging
to a small earthwork, mounting three light field guns, directly in our
front, on the further side of a deep ravine, and situated at the con-
vergence of an angle, the apex of which was towards the enemy. As
soon as the intervening rifle-pit was cleared, and my command reached
the edge of the ravine, it became at once evident, in view of the con-
verging fire of musketry and the direct fire of artillery which was cut-
ting down each successive division as it rose the knoll, that it would be
impossible for a sufficient number of men to reach the works, to pro-
duce any effect upon the enemy, and, as no concert of action on the
part of other commands was apparent, I ordered the remnant of my
command to retire to the rifle-pits, which they did in good order,
holding the advanced line for more than two hours, when, having
strengthened my second line with the 9th N. Jersey Vol., who had op-
portunely arrived, I withdrew to that line.

My loss in this movement was 31 commissioned officers, including
all my staff, and 462 enlisted men. My command held this position
until 8 P.M., when it was relieved by other troops and fell back to the
second line of rifle pits.

On the morning of the 4th inst. the 89th N. Y. Vol. Inf’y reported to
me, thus strengthening my command considerably. From this date
till Saturday the 11th, my command occupied these rifle-pits, during
which time, I alternated with the 2nd Brigade, furnishing picket in
front of our works. Nothing of note occurred during this time. My
casualties were small, amounting to 3 officers and 50 men. On Sat-
urday, the 11th, moved my command up to the first line, relieving
Col. Steadman, 2nd Brigade. Remained there till Sunday evening.
At 9p. M. of this date, in obedience to orders previously received, I
withdrew the main portion of my, command from the rifle-pits, leav-
ing my picket and the 55th Penn. Regiment as a support thereto, and
marched rapidly to White House Landing where I arrived at 5 a.m.
of the 13th.”
208 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

When the brigade went into action on the Ist, Ass’t
Surg. Fish of the 27th and I made a little field-hospital,
where, before bedtime (perhaps professional cares and
duty postponed sleepiness), we received some fifteen
wounded. We were in a little hollow, sheltered on two
sides—if one kept low. As the evening wore on, some-
body to our right began sending Minie balls into our un-
protected flank. A little closer hugging of our walls and
replacing of our wounded saved us and them. Chaplain
Record volunteered to bring up ambulances. I doubt
whether he knew the difficulties of his task, or if the driv-
ers knew the dangers of our advanced position. In fact,
they could not reach us in the darkness, but soon after
daylight came up and carried away all our wounded.

That third of June, it will be easily conceived, was a
busy day in all the hospitals, and not least on the field
where the first dressings were applied. The first wounded,
or the rumor of their coming, found us still abed. They
were followed by an uninterrupted stream, till our worthy
Chaplain urged that we should take a recess for dinner.
To our answer, that dinner would be very well at dinner-
time, he showed us that it was3 P.M. Our flying-column
of reinforcements had brought no ambulances, at least,
there were none at hand. We were compelled to make
our wounded as comfortable as possible under the shade
of neighboring trees. After atime the ambulances of an-
other corps, not so heavily engaged, were kindly volun-
teered, and, before dark, all the wounded were on their
way to or enjoying such additional comfort as the Corps
Hospital afforded.

My last recollection of Maj. Brewster was his expres-
sion of comparative pleasure, when, withdrawing my fin-
ger from the depths of the wound in his right shoulder, I
assured him that the bone was untouched. About mid-
night, Gen. Stannard first found time to have his wound
COLD HARBOR. 209

examined. Itwas very slight. A bit of shell had hit the
very top of his boot leg, and, spending its force on the
leather, had hardly penetrated the skin beneath. Lieut.
C. S. Emmerton’s wound was similar, though more se-
vere. Something, never identified, had lodged among the
tendons of his right wrist, and a general agreement of the
surgeons sent him, much against his will, to hospital till
danger of inflammation was over.

One of the wounded corporals gives the following ac-
count of his experience, “was on the Color Guard at the
Battle of Cold Harbor, when I got knocked over. I hob-
bled out the best way that I could. I walked about half-
way down to the landing when I got into an ambulance.
There were hundreds of others just like myself, hobbling
along down to the landing, some with their arms slung up
and others holding on to their legs. I will never forget
the sight when I was carried aboard the steamer at the
Landing; the deck was completely covered with the
wounded, some with their legs off and others with their
arms off. We were carried to Washington, D. C.”

For a day or two, the assistant-surgeons directly serv-
ing with the line, as distinguished from the operators and
others at the Corps Hospital, remained with their hospital
squads, a mile or so to the rear of the rifle-pits. We
made a visit every day to the regiments, where, squatting
among the men, in their incomplete, extemporized works,
we dispensed astringents and anti-periodics. Occasionally
a wounded man was brought back from the front. Capt.
Woodbury of Co. ‘F’ came in with his shin barked by a
ball which reached him, in what seemed a secure trench,
by glancing down from a branch. A number of men, too
sick for duty in the trenches, were with us.

Mails reached us. One evening we were enjoying news
from home by the light of a bit of candle under our shel-

14
210 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

ter. The commander of a reinforcement (said to be
heavy artillery from Washington, and new to the sounds
of real war), whose full ranks darkened a neighboring open-
ing, sent an orderly with the request that we should put
out our light lest we draw the enemy’s fire. We described
the distance and intervening forests, and hoped we allayed
their not entirely unnatural fears.

Our turn of real bother, if not danger, came next day.
It seemed as though the rebels, failing to drive our troops
from their blood-bought positions, had determined to
make all at the rear uncomfortable. Two men, ina party
like ours, were killed, within a stone’s throw. We moved
for a place of comparative safety. The shells followed us
from point to point with as much precision as if we were
in full sight of the guns. Finally the rebel side of a steep
hollow gave us safety from direct fire, but very uncomfort-
able sleeping ground. Next morning, as though aware
that there were places in our rear safe from rifled guns,
the rebels tried their mortars and dropped shells all about
us in a perplexing way. It was as safe to stay as to go.
After a while they stopped.

On this day, the 7th, am ordered, on my morning visit,
to locate with the regiment in the trenches. Find, on re-
turning to it, that my squad is again demoralized by shells
‘that have been dropping near them, and I bring all up to
the front.

Would that the ready pencil of some adventurous ar-
tist, or better still, the facile dry-plates of modern photog-
raphy had been at hand to help me describe the trenches
of the Star Brigade at Cold Harbor. Word-painting is.
hopeless. The ravine, which the ready eye of our com-
mander caught as the only means of reaching the fortified
plateau beyond, is the chief natural feature. It forms a
sort of covered way connecting the left flanks of the works,
COLD HARBOR. 211

which, crooked about to avoid the trees, occupied, with
some approach to the regularity of a formation in column
with regimental front, the nearer part of its right slope.

Farther up, and across the head of the ravine, are the
works of the 2nd Brigade, of which more anon. In the
open, to the right of the command, in a bigger pit, where
one may stand upright under the canvas cover made nec-
essary by the absence of trees, is Gen. Stannard’s quar-
ters. Here he welcomed the medical staff, pending the
efforts of the pioneers, who were set to dig a hole for
their special accommodation.

Bear in mind that these works were commenced by men
crouching to escape the direct fire of the enemy at close
range; that the bayonet for pick, and the tin plate for
shovel were the chief, and, in many cases, the only tools;
that, even after three nights, with their comparative ease
and safety for work, had intervened, wounds and death
could only be escaped by constant vigilance and care.

Uninterrupted musketry at first filled the air with mis-
siles, burying themselves in the banks, or strewing the
trenches with bits cut from the overhanging trees. After-
wards, vigilant rebel sharpshooters made a sure target of
carelessly exposed head or hand. The rations were all
cooked at some distance to the rear. One of the squad,
bringing up food for the 9th N. J., had safely reached’
their second line. Hearing a row in the front line, and
forgetting the prudence which had become natural to
those living under fire, he peered over the wall to see the
row, und fell back with a ball through his head.

For five, long, June days, the rebels had refused us any
opportunity to bury our dead. To-day the shifting wind
had brought to their noses the scent of corruption which
they had compelled us to endure. Towards night an or-
der, which was said to have been addressed in turn to all
212 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

the medical-officers of a superior rank in the corps, and
had found all too busy to attend to it, came to me to go
out with a flag of truce and arrange for the rescue of the
wounded, and the burial of the dead.

There was little time for ceremony. Carrying a ram-
rod, to which had been fixed a sheet of lint, I climbed
over the works. On the neutral ground, I met a Missis-
sippi Major, who speedily assured me — it needed little
demonstration — that all our men not already dead, had
been made prisoners by the enemy.

The little space between our works and the old, well-
finished works of the enemy, was thickly strewn with the
dead. But—whose dead? There were no colored troops
charging with us. These faces are black as ebony. Five
long summer suns have changed our comrades to bloated
Ethiops. The all-devouring worms are pouring forth,
in disgusting eruption, from mouth and nostril and ear.

There was little chance for recognition. Here and
there some comrade could certify the place where his
friend fell dead beside him. Capt. Wilcox, of the staff,
could be recognized by the badge on his coat, replaced by
some repentant rebel on his otherwise rifled body. For
the most part, the seventy-one bodies found were con-
signed to a common grave “in one red burial blent.”

First, it was necessary to collect and pile the muskets.
The rusty bayonets, hardly distinguishable in the gather-
ing gloom of the grove, were full of danger. While the
pioneer corps, under direction of Lt. Choate of *G,’ were
digging a long trench, the stretcher corps were engaged
in their painful task of bringing to the pit the decompos-
ing bodies. Somebody supplied the working parties with
whiskey. One could hardly blame even the abuse of stim-
ulants under such circumstances. Long before our task
was over, curiosity brought a crowd of sight-seers, and I
FLAG OF TRUCE. 213

was glad to find that the surgeons, too busy to initiate the
work an hour before, had found a little opportunity for
relaxation. ;

The short hour of truce once over, both sides resumed
killing.

8 June, ’64. The brigade pioneers dug a habitation for
the medical staff. It was first on the right as you enter
the ravine from the open field. It was some five by ten
feet, and perhaps four feet deep on the deeper, rebel side,
where all the earth was thrown up so that we could stand
with some safety. Shelter tents, buttoned together,
formed a screen from the sun. It was, on the whole, not
so bad a place, albeit our olfactories suggested a horrible
suspicion that the excavation approached the grave of
something buried in ’62.

Asst. Surgeon Fish of the 27th Mass., Gillette of the
9th N. J. and your historian slept, side by side, as if in
one broad grave, at the inner end. Our “squads,” stew-
ards, nurses, cooks, efc., crowd the remainder. It was
some little time before some of the men could refrain from
ducking their heads when the occasional stray bullet, fail-
ing to find its billet among the fighting men, went ‘zip’
across over the canvas or ‘thud’ into the bank. We made
daily visits along the trenches. Sometimes men came to
us for advice between visits. One of these was wounded
by an exploding shell, while talking with the doctor at the
mouth of our den.

The interminable noise of all manner of arms, never
ceasing though not so heavy as at first, became a matter
of habit. It did not interfere with our chat, our letter
writing, or the making out of our reports and the trip-
licated papers which red-tape required for our supplies.
Somebody procured dried peaches, a pleasing variety to
the staple pork, hard tack and coffee.

11 June. The Star Brigade relieved Col. Steadman’s,
214 MRECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

which had, up to this time, been holding the most ad-
vanced lines. Only a few feet intervened between the
muzzles of opposing rifles. Theirs, like ours, were only
poked cautiously through holes prepared for them in the
works. Bullets seemed, as it were, more intentional.
They struck, or passed over, with a business-like direct-
ness. Our predecessors had finished works, which seemed
quite elaborate as compared with the jumble of ditches
and banks we had been occupying. The outermost line
was high enough to make a covered way for the tallest man
without stooping. We found neat and commodious quar-
ters for the medical staff.

Our location was a marked salient of the general line,
and, perhaps for this reason, was crossed by three lines of
artillery fire. One of these lines came from a mortar-
battery ; perhaps the same that hunted the field-hospitals
so persistently a few days since. The shells did us no
harm. They either went wide of their mark, or were in-
tended merely to make unhappy the non-combatants at
the rear. They afforded a striking illustration of the
power of the ear to analyze sound. By attention, one
could distinguish the bellow of the mortars but their dis-
tance left the noise of their explosion hardly louder than
the clamor of the neighboring field pieces. Ever and
anon, however, the cry would be raised, somewhere along
the line, “There goes one of ‘them things’” (a bit of
army-slang of very various meanings, but of unquestioned
application under these circumstances). All would look
up and easily descry, far above us, the bomb with its
smoking fuse. Now, whether from the burning fuse or
from the hurtle of the bomb through the air, I do not
know, but one could always hear, in spite of the din
about us, a whisper descending, as gentle as the sighing
of a June breeze in the top of a lofty pine.

12 June. One of our three-ply lines of fire began to an-
NIGHT MARCH. 215

noy us by dropping bits of prematurely exploded shell.
No one was hurt, but there were narrow escapes and
stories of considerable loss, from the same cause, among
our predecessors. We make complaint, and the battery,
one of our own, was stopped.

Orders came to prepare for a forced march. Twenty-
three men were found to be unfit and were sent in advance
in wagons.

Soon after dark we left the works, and formed en masse
in a neighboring field. The rebels suspected the move,
and felt for us with a Coehorn. Their aim was so inac-
curate that the shelling, which might easily have been
very damaging, we were so near and so massed, was only
a spectacle,— as it were, a burning of Roman candles.

Once well away from the lines, after tedious delay, the
first thing the column met was— silence. For twelve
days, waking and sleeping, we had lived on a noisy bat-
tle-field. We were now plodding in darkness along a
sandy lane. It was oppressive. Hardly were we accus-
tomed to this new sensation, when we encountered an-
other. This time it was— nausea. Our road, towards
White House Landing, led again across the cavalry bat-
tle ground. The unburied horses had lost no fragrance
since their effluvia assailed us a fortnight before. Tome,
at the rear, a queer sound came as the troops went down
into a hollow traversed by the road. The column was
vomiting. Of course, there was some straggling, but,
spite of all, through the hardest march yet encountered,
we reached the Landing before sunrise.

13 June,’64. After noon, we got on board the big pro-
peller, J. Devenny. She had rogm enough, but was
dirty, and had no accommodations. Our sleep on deck
was only hazily interrupted by the swell, as we passed
around from the York towards the James.
216 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

14 June, ’64. At City Point, we were ordered to report
at Point of Rocks. Gen. Butler met us near the Hospital,
asked if we were pleased with our experience since leav-
ing his command, and promised us a time for rest and
refitting before resuming active operations. On this
promise, a number of regiments settled down in bivouac
in the woods near by.

15 June. We found that we were nearly deserted by
our neighbors, who had gone to join their commands
across the Appomattox and elsewhere. We, too, got
orders to report to Gen. Turner, but, ere we were well
underway these orders were countermanded, and, select-
ing a new camping-ground in shady woods, we were just
settled away for the night, when orders came again, and
we started for the front, 7. e., to support the thin line hold-
ing the works between the Appomattox and James rivers,
thought to be threatened with attack. However it may
have been with others, your historian was so little satis-
fied with his previous sleep, that he could not resist an-
other nap in the saddle, with pipe lighted in mouth, at
that. Soon after midnight, we settled down again at just
that uncomfortable distance in rear of the works, marked
by the entire absence of sinks, which had noé been dug
by our slovenly predecessors.

16th. Soon after nine o’clock, we moved out through
our works, and the strong but deserted works of the en-
emy. There was asmart skirmish beyond, without loss to
our regiment, which pushed on with the column, to de-
stroy telegraph and railroad. Delayed by attending to
some wounded of other commands, the regimental hospi-
tal squad, trying to overtake the column, was headed off in
its course by one staff-officer, who said we were on the
road to Libby, and stirred up by another, when waiting
in supposed security, who assured us that to sit still
 

SURG. S. C. WHITTIER.
SURGEON 8. C. WHITTIER. 217

meant to be taken prisoners. We moved on our works
with celerity. Our column was but just behind, and next,
at no great interval, the rebels. Artillery fire opened im-
mediately, and continued till midnight. The situation as
things were before Cold Harbor, was restored.

SaMvEL C. WuirttTiEr, newly appointed Surgeon to the
regiment, reported for duty on the 18th and was mustered
in from that date. Dr. Whittier, third son of John and
Hannah (Hanson) and grandson of Obadiah, is cousin to
the poet, John Greenleaf Whittier. He was born at
Dover, N. H., 3 Jan., 1837, attended an Academy at West
Lebanon in Maine, and was fitted for college at the Frank-
lin Academy in Dover. He was graduated in Medicine,
at Harvard, in the summer of 1862, and four weeks after-
ward, commissioned Asst. Surgeon of the 11th Mass. Vol.
Inf., which he joined at Fairfax Seminary, Va., on the
4th of September of that year. He had been with, or
near, his regiment since that time and was among the op-
erating surgeons of his brigade since the campaign opened.

After muster-out, with his regiment, he practised med-
icine in Lynn and E. Boston, Mass., and Great Falls, N.
H. In the last place, 28 May, ’68, he lost his wife (born
A. Augusta Huckins), whom he married 29 August, 1862.
On 22 November, 1869, he settled in Portsmouth, N. H.,
where, 20 June, 1871, he married Miss Eunice C. Briant.
He has had, and lost, one child by each marriage. In ac-
tive practice at Portsmouth since 1869, he has met with
deserved success. He has been President of the Ports-
mouth and Stafford District Medical Societies, and is on
the Board of Censors of the State Society. By appoint-
ment of the last named Society, he delivered the Vale-
dictory Address to the Medical Graduates of 1879.

Your historian, having been, since the 4th inst, on duty
as assistant surgeon with a surgeon’s commission in his
218 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

pocket, was not displeased at the chance to report and be
mustered for his new duties. He left the regiment on the
20th of June. Although, as it happened, the chances of
war brought them so near again, in the familiar scenes
of North Carolina, that he had, for a time, at Kinston,
the surgical care of the old Twenty-Third, he is, of course,
compelled to rely, even more than before, upon others,
for the details of the subsequent regimental history.

He was mustered in, as Surgeon of the Second Mass.
Artillery at New Berne, N. C., 27 June, ’64, and served
as such, there, at Kinston and at the forts below Wilming-
ton, till mustered out, with his regiment, at the end of the

“war. Since then, he was, for some months, assistant-
physician at the New York State Asylum for the Insane
at Utica, N. Y., but has never attempted general prac-
tice. He is unmarried. ,

CASUALTIES AT COLD HARBOR.

KILLED.

Weaver, Norbert V., Corporal, CoD.

French, Charles L., Ist Sergeant, oR

Chase, Charles, Private, eer itt

Dow, Charles H., i ES ies

Gould, Oscar E., se 6

DIED OF WOUNDS.
Day, Charles C., Private, Co.C. Alexandria, Va., 20 June, ’64.
Perkins, Isaac H., ee «© E. Washington, 25 «Ct se
Stetson, George F.,  ‘ ety ace 8 July, “
Chellis, John F., ae “ H. Washington, 20 June, “
WOUNDED.

Brewster, E. A. P., Major,

Emmerton, C. §S., Ist Lt., & A. A. D.C. -

Edgett, Isaac H., ce ‘cc et. 44 6 ec be

Sherman, James L., Ry eee Reg. Adis

Ricker, Francis M., Corporal, Co A.

Stirling, William S.,
Whitney, Jonas L.,

oe

cé

ee ce
CASUALTIES AT COLD HARBOR. 219

McSweeney, Terence, Private, Co. B.
Nimblet, Benj. F., s§ Af o86
Coas, Henry G., Corporal, feu,
Wonson, Jabez F., i ee ae
Babson, Nicholas P., Private, fe 68
Bushey, William, Ese RS
Hussey, Bartholomew J., es feiss
Tolman, John C., es ee Ons
Cowing, Edward P., Sergeant, Co. D.
Bacon, David B., Private, 6G oes
Bolles, James C. (twice), “6 te ots
Murdoch, Frank W., ee S88
Southwick, John S., “6 bg wae
Carnes, Edward S., «e Es

Coarser, William H., “ oe
Dunham, George H., “ 6

Kennally, Michael, = Seek
Crocker, Josiah M., Corporal, se OF.
Tilton, John P., es eke oss
Becker, Peter, Private, Seite
Brown, Ezra F., ss iG 88
Ellison, Albert C., se Sb Ss
Hutchinson, Alden, Sergeant, a“
Bennett, Irwin M., Corporal, Shr 288
Hynes, Michael, Private, Sh
Hall, Joseph, Corporal, fc oT
Low, William Edward, Private, ees
MISSING.
Johnson, Eben N., Private, Co. F. d. Andville, 1 July, ’64.
Hardwick, Henry C., et ‘ H Paroled.

There were but six companies in action. When Capt.
Raymond of ‘G’ took his company and ‘K’ from our “Mon-
tauk” where there was no more room, to the transport
“Thames,” at City Point, he found nine companies of the
9th New Jersey Infantry already on board, and himself the
ranking officer of the united commands. The Thames ran
aground opposite Jamestown, hard andfast. On the 31st
the ferry-boat “Winnisimmet” took the troops off, and car-
ried them to near Fort Monroe when she in her turn ran
220 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

aground, and the men were taken off by the “Massa-
chusetts”. She succeeded in taking them to White House
Landing, arriving after dark on June Ist. They were
ordered to guard a train moving towards Cold Harbor,
and only reached Masson’s Hill that day. Next day they
met the wounded in great numbers, hobbling from the
front to hospital. An effort was made to secure the ser-
vice of the detachment for another round of escort duty
to and from the Landing. Capt. Raymond had had
enough of this, and wanted to join his command at the
front. He pushed his remonstrance personally till he
reached Gen. Smith, commanding the Corps. The gen-
eral was not displeased at this form of insubordination,
and remarked that there would be little difficulty in fill-
ing their places for such duty, and, when he learned that
they were to fill the gaps in his “best brigade,” which, ac-
cording to positive orders, he had placed at the head of
his column, he sent them forward gladly. It is not diffi-
cult to imagine their welcome in the trenches. Capt.
Hammond of ‘B’ was sent with his company and ‘A’, out
on picket early on the 2nd. After twenty-seven hours
duty he was relieved, but could not find regiment or bri-
gade. He encountered Gen. Martindale who sent him in
to the relief of his sore-beset comrades. These two com-
panies dug trenches a little to the right and rear of the
regimental line.

Eruan ALLEN Pau Brewster, son of Ira Allen and
Mary (Swett) Brewster, was born in Salem, 23 Nov., ’37.
After a full preparatory course in the Salem schools, he
entered Amherst College, and was graduated with the
class of 1858. His studies at the Harvard Medical School
were interrupted by the war. He was 2nd Lieut. of Co.
‘J,’ 8th M. V. M., alias Co. ‘A’ 7th M. V. M., alias
“Salem Light Infantry,” alias, and much better known
 

MAJ. E. A. P. BREWSTER.
MAJOR E. A. P. BREWSTER. 221

then, “The Salem Zouaves” (the company that “helped
to rescue and man “Old Ironsides,” and brought her
around to New York). Capt. Brewster’s successful ef-
fort to raise Co. ‘A’ of the 23rd may be read in the first
chapter. During the early months of 1863 he was act-
ing-Major and mustered in that rank on the 17th of Aug-
ust. His wound, received at Cold Harbor, still disabled
him when he was mustered out at expiration of term.

He soon resumed his studies and was graduated in
medicine in 1865 at Harvard. He began practice at
Janesville, Wisconsin. Here his first wife, Laura Alice,
daughter of Calvert Phillips of Great Falls, N. H., whom
he married 21 Sept., ’61, and who had shared his life in
camp in 63-4, died, 21 July, 69. At Escanaba, Michi-
gan, where he reéstablished his practice, at first in the
employ of the Chicago and Northwestern Railroad, he
married 21 Apr., 1873, Elizabeth, daughter of William
Kingsbury of Escanaba. Here he not only secured a
large practice, but made himself the centre of the social,
religious and political life of the whole neighborhood.
He wrote popular poetry and plays, for which he drilled
his actors and managed the stage. ‘He worked himself
to death.” He died, 5 April, 1877, leaving a widow and
two children by her. “Everything having life—and loco-
motion— attended his funeral.”
CHAPTER XII.

THE TRENCHES BEFORE PETERSBURG. BURNSIDE’S MINE. ‘‘ OUR
MINE.” THE FRESHET. PICKLED-TRIPE AND WATER-MELONS.
TO NEW BERNE. STEAMER FAWN.

From the 20th of June to the 25th of Aug.,’64, the reg-
iment was in the trenches before Petersburg. They were,
of course, not all the time in the very front, where men were
shot through the head for peering through the loopholes
left for rifles; where they bartered coffee and tobacco in
the morning and exchanged bullets all day; where the
head-board along the works, meant to screen the riflemen
when taking aim, was riddled like a sieve; where they
threw hand-grenades and got them back whenever they
failed to explode. Somewhat less than half the time, the
regiment was at the rear, either in the comparative se-
curity of the camp, or in a sort of half-way Purgatory,
whence it could help the skirmishers if pressed.

Such a life must have been full of incident, but the di-
arists fail to give it. Either the contempt bred upon
the familiarity of veterans, or the difficulty of comfortable
writing, make such diaries as I have seen very dull read-
ing. Surgeon Whittier has been good enough to prepare a
sketch of the regimental history during his connection
with the 23rd. From this and other sources, I have been
able to compile a tolerably connected history of the regi-
mental experiences for those parts, at least, of the last
year when something was happening out of the monoto-
nous routine of life in camp, or at the small outpost sta-
tions.

The grim humor of the situation may, perhaps, excuse

(222)
PETERSBURG. 223

the narration of one incident. A clump of small trees,
between the lines, interfered with our fire and afforded
shelter to the enemy. A party was sent out, after dark,
to chop them down. They forgot that the ear may learn
what is veiled to the eye. The first blows of the axes,
drew the fire from the enemy’s skirmishers. Of course,
this fire was speedily returned from our side, and the
chopping party, between two fires, had need to look for
shelter. What seemed, in the half-light, rifle-pits de-
serted by the enemy were close at hand. Our men
jumped into them, and stayed there in safety till the
firing was over. But, another sense came into play. As
they lay low to escape the whizzing bullets, their noses
informed them that the rebels did not dig, nor use, those
holes for rifle-pits. The situation was horrible, but the
alternative was worse. After that, they could make no
exceptions to the adage “any port in a storm” of lead.

About the 1st of July, Capt. Raymond of 'G,’ who,
since we had lost Col. Chambers and Maj. Brewster was
disabled by his wound, was, practically, in command of
the regiment, had another, and perhaps, the closest of his
escapes from serious injury. I do not forget that the
bullet which, hitting him in the head at Drury’s Bluff,
left him, for atime, unconscious, or the missile which
passed just below his right armpit, grazing his thorax and
arm, at Cold Harbor, came very near his life. This time
the immediate disability was more lasting, and the remote
effects have never disappeared.

A few feet to the rear of the trenches, where the men
spent their tour of duty, a pit had been dug for the accom-
modation of the officers. It was square, a few feet deep,
and had forked stakes at the corners to hold a sun-screen
of green boughs. On the sides towards the enemy, logs
rested against the corner-posts, a sort of revetment to hold
224 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

up the earth thrown out in excavating. Two or three
steps were cut in the stiff clay for easier access. Sitting
on the bank near the stairs, and leaning against the log
revetment, the Captain was reading a letter in fancied se-
curity. A shot or shell, from some rebel gun, plunged
through the heaped earth, struck the log on which the
Captain’s shoulders rested, and threw him against the
sharp-angled abutment of the stairs, and so to the bottom
of the pit, where it left him covered with a confusion of
logs, clay and boughs.

Examination proved a rib broken, another bent and a
third bruised. Reason enough with most men, for re-
course to the hospital and sick leave. Not so thought
Capt. Raymond, who submitted indeed to the bandaging,
but insisted that he could not be spared, and that his cure
would progress as well in the trenches as anywhere else.

With the 29th and 30th of July came the regiment’s
share, which was very slight, in the fiasco of Burnside’s
mine.

‘¢We were not relieved this evening but left the pits. The skirm-
ish line and second line of works only are still held. Most of the
troops are moving towards the left of the line. A fort is to be blown
up. About 1 a. mM. we started for the right of the 5th corps, where we
were ordered to lie down in line till called for. At 4.30 a.m., we
needed no calling. When the fort blew up it jarred the ground, and
every man on to his feetina moment. I thought the ground under

me was caving in. We were held in reserve at the second line. The
fire was the hottest and heaviest I ever heard.*3

While waiting, in line of battle, for the momentarily
expected order to advance, some distant rebel force began
firing at the regiment. One of onr men, a little shorter
than Dr. Whittier and standing just in front of him, was
hit and fell into the Doctor’s arms. When asked whether

 

83 Sergt. Brooks of ‘A.’
“OUR MINE.” 295

he was badly hurt he spat out a mouthful of blood, exple-
tives, teeth and a bullet which had broken two teeth and
stopped with no further harm. The Doctor fully appreci-
ates the good luck, for him, which kept that bullet from
exploring among the arteries of his own neck.

5 Aug., 64. The date of what is sometimes called, by
way of distinction “our mine.” The subjoined account
from the New York Herald is a graphic account of the af-
fair ina general way. Sergt. Andrews of ‘A’ adds some
interesting detail and more minute topography.

H. Qr., 18th Corps. In the Field, 5 Aug., Mid.
‘*From numerous deserters, that have entered our lines within the
last week, it had been discovered that the rebels were inining in sev-
eral places on our front. We were, therefore, fully prepared, though
somewhat surprised, when at about five o’clock yesterday afternoon,
a mine blew up between our line and that of the enemy, the explosion
being immediately succeeded by rapid and successive volleys of mus-
ketry. The smoke from the explosion had hardly cleared away, when
our men answered the rebel fire and drowned the rebel yell with their
wild cheers of derision, at the failure of their mining operations. ‘The
enemy had, in all probability, intended to blow up a sap we had run
out towards their line, and charge through the opening. They had,
however, sadly miscalculated the distance. The explosion took place
five rods in advance of the head of the sap. Not a particle of the de-
bris was thrown into any portion of our lines, and the sharpshooters
did not even think it necessary to abandon the sap. A mass of dirt,
nearly 30 feet in diameter was thrown into the air to the height of
nearly 100 feet. The enemy, seeing their mine a failure, satistied
themselves with rising behind their works and pouring in heavy
musketry, mostly on Ames’s front. The losses on our side were
hardly greater than on an ordinary day’s picket-firing.”

Our second line, at this point, was among trees on the
rebel-ward slope of a hill. The intervening valley was
crossed by a zig-zag. The rebels were a few feet beyond
the crest of the next hill, and our skirmishers in various
pits and gopher-holes on its acclivity. A small log-house,
on the line of our works, was well riddled with all manner

15
926 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

of missiles, but, perhaps, added something to the security
of two bomb-proofs, so called (holes for shelter from di-
rect fire and offering some protection from the flying bits
of shells), near it. Here, for some days before the mine
was sprung, the ear applied to the logs in the works, or,
better still, to a ramrod thrust into the earth, could de-
tect the sounds of digging. This part of the line, held by
a small party representing three companies of the 23rd
(and, of these, Co. 'F’ by one Corporal), was separated
from the rest of the regiment by lower ground, so swampy
that it had been left unfortified, and, of course, unoccu-
pied.

The mine was more directly opposite that part of the
line held by the rest of the regiment. They were, in
fact, running the sap which the rebels tried to blow up.
Even here, although the shock of the explosion threw
down the gabions upon the men at work in the sap, very
little of the material thrown up by the mine fell within
our lines. Something, however, knocked Capt. Raymond
over into the puddle at the bottom of our trench whence
he scrambled up to direct the defence. Not till months
afterwards did he learn, what puzzled him for the rest of
the day, how one of his shoulders became so wet.

During most of the regiment’s duty in the trenches,
Dr. Whittier kept up a hospital on a hill to the rear.
Here men, too badly used-up for duty at the front, found
rest in a good air and comparative safety and received
better care than they could find in the crowded base-
hospitals. There were, usually, thirty or forty of them,
but the individuals were constantly changing, as a few
days treatment would generally put them in good trim and
courage to return to their duty.

15 Aug., 64. The great shower, so disastrous in some
parts of the line, occurred while the 23rd was in the front
THE INUNDATION. 227

line. Here they suffered no greater harm than a thorough
wetting, which, however, was more endurable in the open
than in the bomb-proofs whose leaky roofs streaked them
with yellow mud. The rain, moreover, filled the exca-
vations, turning bomb-proofs to cisterns and zigzags to
canals, thereby giving those who must move from place to
place the choice whether to be drowned or shot. In one
place, our boys got some satisfaction by helping the ac-
cumulated waters cut a new passage through a low place
in the works and pour out upon the rebels, who, just there,
occupied lower ground.

In the camp, or, more particularly, in the ravine in
front of it, the damage was mucb greater. The protec-
tion afforded by the high, steep sides of the ravine from
the direct fire of the enemy, was very enticing. Some
regiments and some sutlers, failing to notice the marks of
former freshets, or, lightly discounting the risks, had
pitched their camps, mostly shelter-tents, and established
their shops. Over most of these, shelters from the sun,
made of green boughs laid on frames of poles, had heen
raised.

Even towards the hill-top, where the 28rd had its little
camp, the rain was heavy enough to wash away all lighter
articles and present to the men returning that night from
their tour of duty in the “pits” a scene of wild confu-
sion. He was lucky who could find even one corner of
his shelter-tent still in sight and could thus rescue it from
the overwhelming mud.

In the ravine, the water running from all the neighbor-
ing heights soon became a raging torrent. It swept away
camps and shops like straws in a gutter. It rolled army
wagons over and over before it. It swept away a section
of the railroad bridge. Men, caught sleeping in their
tents or hampered by the fall of the leafy shades, were
228 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

helpless. Nor could those on the bank render much aid,
for the torrent carried their luckless comrades away as fast
as they could run along to their rescue. Some, who,
after the first rush of the angry waters, ventured in to
“save” the coveted goods of unlucky sutlers, found them-
selves in a dilemma which was not without its danger.
The current was still strong enough to make it impossible
to climb the steep clay banks without help. Some ac-
counts assert a loss of 40 men. I do not learn that
this included any one from the 23rd. Itis said that a
man, with difficulty saved from very imminent death by
drowning, was immediately killed by a stray rebel bullet
piercing his brain.

Speaking of sutlers—some may recall that May
brought up three barrels of pickled tripe. Captain Ray-
mond “sampled” the article and arranged that the boys
should have all they asked for, during three days, for
twenty-five dollars. It was agreed that nothing should
be paid if the tripe should be eaten before that time.
Now two hundred hungry boys (in active service the
stomach is always ready and its capacity seemingly un-
limited) had no idea that the regimental fund should
suffer if they could help it. When the race came off,
May and the tripe were distanced. Again, one of the
sutlers brought up one hundred and fifty water-melons.
Some of the officers bought up the lot and distributed
them. The boys found them a pleasant relaxation from
the stern realities of war.

CASUALTIES AT PETERSBURG.

KILLED.
Galletly, Fred. A., 5 Aug., ’64, Private, Co. A.
Morrill, Geo. T., 29 July, ’64, “ “ zB.

Tripp, Wm. H., 16 Aug., 64, “ “ D,
CASUALTIES AT PETERSBURG. 229

Barker, John A., 20 July, ’64, Private, Co. I.
Saville, JamesR., “ “ & ce 5, Tee
Shattuck, Wm. W., “ = & ce son tee
WOUNDED.
Raymond, J. W., Captain, Co. G.
Andrews, Wm. A., Sergeant, A,
Cummings, Wm. C., 23 Aug., ’64, st eth “8S
Lake, Noah J., Private, “« D.
Martin, Henry, 26 June, ’64, ae ow UF,
Ayers, Jacob E., accid., 18 Aug., ’64, oe “ @,
Early, Wm. F., 25 June, 64, se RG rise
Grimes, Wm. H., 25 Aug., 64, a oS 2B
Wentworth, Asa H , ss fe 7T5
Mylod, Warren M., 22 June, ’64, ae ge itt
PRISONERS.
Romeo, John, 30 July, 64, Private, Co. B.
Ellis, John, 24 Aug., 64, Ks ths

On the 25th of August the regiment was withdrawn from
this front and marched across the Appomattox. As our
boys toiled up the steep bank from the pontoon-bridge at
Broadway Landing they found themselves in company with
one-hundred-days men from Ohio, veterans of two weeks
and no battles, in full growl against their quarter-master.
Their worst grievance was that no butter had been issued to
them since their enlistment. Being assured by our war-
worn wags that the 23rd Quarter-master issued butter
regularly, they went on their way breathing threats of
vengeance on their lazy and inefficient commissary.

In a short time came the always welcome pay-day, but
the men were compelled to splice their patience, already
well stretched, because, forsooth, the paymaster, although
ensconced in a bomb-proof while the regiment waited out-
side, insisted upon packing off to the rear and waiting till
the rebel artillerists found some other target.
230 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

29 Aug., 64. Came the well-earned promotion to
Lieutenant-Colonel of Capt. John W. Raymond of Co. ‘G.’

4 Sept. At 8 o’clock P. M. came orders to pro-
ceed to Bermuda Hundred and embark for New Berne,
N.C. The regiment stopped over at Norfolk, to reclaim
the camp-equipage and other property left behind, last
Spring. There was a delay of three days for lack of
transportation. It was natural enough that men who had
been through four or five months of such uninterrupted
active service should be quite ready for such dissipation
as Norfolk could afford. All who could be got together
were hurried on board a transport which dropped down
the stream. Here Corporal Thomas J. Peach, Jr., of
Co. ‘B,’ was, in some unexplained manner, lost overboard
and drowned.

Chance, or that sort of intentional accident which is apt
to befall old soldiers, detained several men who next day
secured passage on the steamer Fawn to rejoin their com-
rades by way of the Chesapeake and Albemarle Canal.

These were :

Evans, Henry B., Private, Co. A.
Gunnison, Frank H., se Benet

Gibson, Chas. H., s “« D.
Leary, Daniel, ss se 58

Cashman, Michael, Corporal, OH.
Eaton, Joseph, Private, “« D.
Fox, Charles, ne ee

Rue

Wentworth, Asa H., 7 66
Emerson, George, “ “
Proctor, John, “ “

.

10 in all according to Evans of Co.‘ A.’

Beside the 23rd men, some recruits were on their way
to join regiments at the front and five Colored Infantry
acted as Guard.
STEAMER FAWN. 231

It is not difficult to picture the scene. The little
steamer, short and narrow that she may pass the locks,
and of light draft on account of the shallows of Currituck
Sound, glides puffing along between the dense ranks of
dismal cypresses. Her passengers, with the happy-go-
lucky carelessness of veterans,—thinking no harm so far
from the front,— or, should I say, the usual fatalism of
the soldier who so soon learns to throw all responsibility
on his officers, are grouped about the decks. They chat
and smoke and sleep— for the lack of sleep implied by
five months active participation in the Virginia campaign
of ’64 is not soon retrieved.

They approach Coinjock and the bridge swings away us
if to yield the usual passage—an event hardly worth
notice in a less monotonous voyage. Not so fast. Too
soon for safe passage — too late for retreat— the bridge
swings back and the boat is a helpless prisoner between
the high banks of the narrow canal. A body of bush-
whackers, glad of an opportunity to murder safely, pour
a volley from the overhanging bank. Hardly a man
escapes injury, although so far as our 23rd men are con-
cerned, only one, Gibson of *D’ is killed and Fox of ‘I’
with two wounds, one perforating his body, is left for
dead. The enemy, securing, as they think, the mail, and
firing the boat, hastily decamp with their prisoners. How
hastily may be judged from the fact that the larger and
niore important part of the mail was afterwards recovered
from the wreck.

Four days a-foot took them to a log-prison in N. Caro-
lina (perhaps Salisbury) ; they were taken thence to Wil-
nington, and to Columbia, S. C., where, by contrast at
least, treatment and rations seemed fair and reasonable.
Thence, after three weeks, to the horrors of Florence where
232 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

they found 12,000 fellow prisoners in one stockade to whom
was doled a half pint of meal a day and even this pittance
was withheld on any pretext — once for three consecutive
days —and where, in the approaching winter, their only
protection was the rags their own campaigns and their
thieving captors had left to them. Still, most of them
survived, their imprisonment being comparatively short,
although one of them, Evans of ‘A,’ weighed but 90 pounds.
   
  

  
 
     
 
 
   
  
           
        
    
          
   
  
  
 

 

 

 

 
     

 

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YELLOW FEVER. 235

26 Sept., 64. Such of the original members of the reg-
iment as did not reénlist, with those who enlisted early
enough to be rated with them, started for home on the ex-
piration of their term. They took the steamer Thorn for
Fort Monroe, were quarantined four days, were transferred
to the Admiral Dupont, taken to New York and thence,
per steamer Charles Thomas, to Boston, where they ar-
rived on the morning of Oct. 6th. After receiving the
hospitalities of the city at Faneuil Hall, hearing speeches
from Mayor Lincoln, Adj. Gen. Schouler and others, they
were dismissed with orders to rendezvous at Lynnfield on
the 13th for muster-out.

From about the middle of September till the welcome
frost killed the disease, New Berne was under the thrall of
Yellow Fever. The out-lying regiments did not suffer
much except among their men detailed for duty in the city.
No one was permitted to enter the city unless driven by
urgent necessity. One found little inducement to repeat
a visit of curiosity to what seemed a dolorous city of the
dead. The pall of smoke filling the streets, from fires
kept burning at every corner, was hardly more sombre and
depressing than the utter vacuity and stagnation. One
only saw those whose duty it was to tend the fires nor met
any but the burial parties of the numerous dead.

The regiment lost a number of men. Just how many
is difficult to decide from the imperfect returns. The fol-
lowing deaths occurred during the epidemic.

Austin, Alden K., 12 Oct., 64, Private, Co. ‘A.’

Kinsman, Joseph N., 16 * $4 wk oe aE
Parks, Solomon, 30. Oé $8 ee és ae
Saunders, Henry T., 9 ee sé Corporal, > Be
Davis, John H., 6 Noy., ‘“ Private, fe EGY

Haskell, Asaph §S., 28 Sep., <‘ “ “ “
Smith, Landel T., ce ke “ ‘ce 7 ce
Wonson, Joseph P., 13 * ‘ 6 “ “
236 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Hart, Edw’d D, 28 Sept. 64 Drummer, Co. ‘ Ew’
Richardson, E. Lyman, 1 Oct., ‘* Private, = we
Glidden, Austin, 13. te st Corporal, ee 8G
Goodwin, JosephD., 27 ‘* ee Private, et ae
Reeves, John, 29) ify 2 “6 fe OT
Spear, Charles N., 1933 vite ee Corporal, 0K

To most of these men belongs all the claim to heroism
which comes to him who joins a forlorn hope and falls
“? the imminent deadly breach”—more aptly—to him who
holds his post knowing that the enemy’s sappers are bur-
rowing daily nearer and that to remain is death.

I do not know that he is alone but there are certainly
not many whose meed is greater than that of Corporal
Henry F. Waters of Co. ‘F.’. He had been, more than
two years, clerk in the General Hospitals. The time for
which he enlisted had expired and he might have honora-
bly sought safety in his Northern home. He remained at
his post till all around him had been stricken down: till he
himself fell and then, after a few days at Morehead, re-
turned and remained till all danger was over.

Nor did the fact that he had been detached more than
two years, in fact, promoted out of the regiment for the
greater part of that time, help much the sorrow in the reg-
iment at the loss of Billy Prime, once of ‘F’, who died
Sept. 27th. Though not of us he had been hearty in re-
ceiving and watchful in caring for all of us whom wounds
or disease had sent to General Hospital.

WiiuiaM Henry Harrison Prime, born in Charlestown,
Mass., 28 Oct., 1840, was, at the outbreak of the war, a
clerk with Browne and Price, druggists of Salem, where he
resided. He had been a member of the Salem Cadets.
He enlisted as private in Comp’y ‘F’ and fully met all the
duties of his station till the regiment went on outpost at
Batchelder’s Creek in April, 62. He acted as Hospital
Steward during that duty and on our return was made
  

Serg. P. M. Fowler, 'F’
Serg. W. T. Fowler, ‘A’
Ist Serge C. W. Brooks, ‘A’
Serg. W. C. Cummings, ‘A’.

 

Corp. H. F. Waters, ‘F’.

  

W. F. Chapple, ‘F’. W. L. Welch, ‘A’.
STEWARD W. H. H. PRIME. 237

Apothecary and Steward of the Academy General Hospi-
tal. 6 Dec., 62. He was discharged for promotion and
warranted Hospital Steward, U.S. A. He was retained
in the New Berne hospitals and, his merits being recog-
nized by successive surgeons, had, for some time been
Chief Steward (practically, in most matters, Executive
Officer) of the Stanley General Hospital with its more
than a thousand beds.

While his fidelity and executive ability secured the es-
teem of his superiors in rank he lost no friends among his
former equals and his untiring labors in their behalf se-
cured the love of the myriads of sick and wounded under
his care and of the other multitude of helpers who were
under his command.

Dr. Clayton A. Cowgill, Surg. U. S. V., in whose un-
avoidable absence the epidemic began, writes of him, 12
Oct., 64, “his great activity of character and entire re-
liability in every respect rendered him invaluable to this
Hospital and I had learned to respect him as a man of self-
sacrificing integrity and love him as a friend.” Corp. H.
F. Waters of Co. ‘F’, who had, in a parallel line of hos-
pital duty, the best opportunity for observation, says of
him, 27 Sept., 764, “a good friend and the most useful
efficient man in the Hospitul” * * “our loss—at this
time too when this scourge is ravaging the place and brave
men are rare—no one can estimate” * * “only Surgeon
Mayer’s* death could possibly be so great a blow.

SIGNALLING.

It is not a little singular how few recollect anything of
the regimental signal corps which was formed in the 23rd,
as well as in other regiments, in the summer of 62. The

 

34Nathan Mayer, Surg. 16th. Conn. V. I. at the time in charge of the Hospital.
938 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

service seems to have been put under the charge of the
Adjutant with a non-commissioned officer and a private
detailed for the work; in the 23rd, Corp. Edgett and priv.
E. C. Blossom of ‘A’. By day they used flags ; at night,
torches (made up in paper tubes and held when fired in a
handle like the stock of a pistol) ; in fogs, they had a code
of signals on the drum. For some reason the system was
but little, if ever, used among us, and was soon forgotten.

Not so with the regular corps whose novel antics were
a source of so much interest during the monotonous days
-at- Hatteras —the value of whose services we all so heartily
recognized long before the cruel war was over.

Thinking that many of my readers would like some ac-
count of the true inwardness of the “antics” aforesaid, I
copy part of a description which may be found in “Bear-
ing Arms,” p. 517.

“ A signal-kit consisted of staff, flags, torch-case and torches, half-
gallon can of turpentine, and a haversack of wicks, matches and shears.
The flags were made of muslin or linen, white with black centre for
dark back-grounds — as woods or dark buildings — black with white
centre for sky or light buildings, and red with white centre for use at
sea or mixed back-ground. Three sizes were used, six, four and two
feet square, the four being known as the service flag. Thesignal staff
consisted of four joints each four feet long, and the length used was
governed by the distance to be signalled; usually three joints were
sufficient. The flags could be read from five to twenty miles, as the
atmosphere favored, a cloudy but otherwise clear day best answer-
ing the service. On such a day a message was signalled ten miles
with a handkerchief on a twelve-foot pole. The torches for night
work were eighteen inches long by one and ahalf in diameter, and
when signalling with them a second torch was placed at the feet as
an axis. * * *

Stations wishing to communicate with another would raise their
flag (if at night, a torch), the signal officer with field-glass watching
the station called, while the flag, or torch, was swung from right to
left until the station called responded with two dips to the left. The
officer called off the message, while the men signalled it; one or more
dips to the right or left, or a combination of both motions, indicated
aletter of the alphabet or an abbreviation or contraction of a word
SIGNAL CORPS. 239

or sentence, and each of these motions was designated by a number.
For instance — A was ‘‘ 22,” two dips to the left and up to the centre;
B ** 2112” one dip to the left, over to the right up to centre, down to
right, over to left and up to centre; C ‘‘ 121” one to right, over to left,
back to right and uptocentre. Ends of words, sentences or messages
were indicated by one, two or three dips to the front. A closely writ-
ten page of foolscap could be signalled in from twenty to thirty min-
utes.

Lieuts. Lang of ‘D’ and Niles of ‘H’ with priv’s Geo.
C. Hardy of ‘A’ Edward H. Haskell of ‘C,’ William F.
Fales of ‘K’ and B. F. Peirson of ‘ E,’ were detailed for
duty on the Corps 26 Dec. ’61, and afterwards Lt. Fisher
of ‘A’ was detached for the duty.

They were required to satisfy a board of examiners be-
fore joining the Corps and then spent the short interval,
between their appointment and the sailing of the fleet, in
earnest study of their new calling. They had the schooner
“Satterlee” to themselves and she gave them more than
their fair share of hardship before entering Hatteras Inlet.
For three weeks they were knocked about outside, now at
anchor off the Cape within sight of their comrades, and
now blown off again to the Gulf Stream and of course, for
weeks on short rations. At last, not until the 28th of
January, a tug drew them safely over the bar, where they
were distributed to the various commands.

Lt. Lang, assigned to the Third Brigade, was on special
duty, picketing the narrow passage into Croatan Sound,
the night before the battle at Roanoke, and was first to
open communication from shore to the fleet after the in-
fantry landed. After the capture of New Berne, he went
with the column attacking Fort Macon and was stationed
at Carolina City. Here he made several important cap-
tures of vessels and was of great service in directing the
fire of our batteries against the fort. In one of the many
expeditions, which he accompanied that summer, his horse
240 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

was shot under him and his own shoulder lamed in the
fall. He kept on till after the Goldsboro Expedition and
then, “ruined by chills, lame shoulder and weak eyes —
resigned.”

Lt. Fisher, detached for duty in the Corps in Feb. ’63,
was for some time on duty in Virginia, mostly in the camp
of instruction. After transfer to the Corps in Sept. ‘63,
he was on duty in the Department of the South. He was
first to open communication with Gen. Sherman, at the
end of his “ March to the Sea,” “showing,” as his superior
reported, “ability and good judgment in the way he
adopted to accomplish it.” He was brevetted Captain of
Volunteers and has, since the war, held the rank of Major
and Brigade Quarter Master in the Californian Militia.

Priv. Haskell was made Sergeant and Acting Signal
Officer, 9 Aug., ’63. Was slightly wounded at Chantilly
and waved the flag on some twenty-six battle-fields. Ex-
cept Fales, who was discharged for disability, all were
transferred to the Corps.

One word for those who were performing, in later
years, an arduous duty for which they got little credit
with their comrades at the front. I refer to the Recruit-
ing Service. Many supposed it to be a sort of prolonged
leave on full pay, with little to do, and all the honors
usually heaped on returned heroes. Let us see. Officers
and men speedily learned that at the recruiting stations,
they were liable, as before, to stand their fair share of camp
duty. Guard mounting and dress parade were as unfail-
ing as ever. The officers soon found that they were ex-
pected to make the soldiers, before they could lead them
to the front.

The material, as a whole, differed greatly from the
crowd of eager volunteers, who pressed forward in ’61.
Instead of our native boys, fresh from the schools and as
RECRUITING SERVICE. 241

eager as they were docile, they found the heavy immi-
grant, clumping up to the line in his wooden shoes and
calico jacket, and needing an interpreter at every step.
Then, men came from the prayer meeting and brought it with
them. Now, the desperado, ready with the bludgeon
when the marked cards or loaded dice failed, enlisted only
to reap a harvest from the pockets of bounty-laden com-
rades. Then, men argued with their surgeons for a little
longer trial of their infirmities, and looked upon a drum-
ming out as worse than death. Now, the deserting bounty-
jumper roved from station to station and from state to
state. Ifso closely watched that he could not escape till
actually face to face with the enemy, he was ready for a
double desertion then, if he could, in no other way, bag
another bounty.

Let us suppose two hundred such men collected, and
assigned to one of our lieutenants. His first duty was to
march them to the clothing department and see them pro-
vided with alla soldier’s outfit, except arms, and to prom-
ise a distribution of waistcoats and mittens as soon as
the canes and lanterns should arrive. Then came instruc-
tion in care of themselves, their clothing and quarters,
not forgetting unceasing drill in facing, marching and the
simpler movements.

In time came the order to the front. They might or
might not be sent forward under the orders of their in-
structors. Whoever commanded them, undertook an ar-
duous task. At the stations every artifice was tried to
procure intoxicating liquors. On the road the hungry
bounty-jumpers risked their lives through the windows of
moving cars, although every cent of previous bounties
had been taken from them before starting ; to be restored
on reaching their regiment. Whatever officer went among
them must do so, revolver in hand. Guards with full

16
242 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

cocked rifles hung to the rear platforms, ready to shoot
without word. When forwarded by sea, the recruits could
not well desert on the passage, but could give their escort
much more trouble. One of the diarists paints a picture
of such a passage. It was stormy and the usual discom-
forts of a short sea-voyage were added to the pandemonium
which raged below. Recruiting duty was not all pleas-
ure.

We are approaching the end of the war. The 23rd is
to be called upon for its last service in the field. Gen.
Sherman’s army has been leaving its smoking trail across
the Carolinas. He has been subsisting largely upon the
country but must soon seek a base for renewed supplies of
ammunition and such stores as the conquered country can
not furnish. Now comes the opportunity for which we
took New Berne nearly three years ago and for which we
have held it since.

“Several things combined to make New Berne a more
useful base of supply for Sherman than Wilmington. The
harbor at Morehead City and Fort Macon was a better one
than that at the mouth of Cape Fear River, and would ad-
mit vessels of a deeper draught. The railway between
the harbor and New Berne, some forty miles long, was in
operation, with some locomotives and cars already there,
while nothing of the kind was at Wilmington, the enemy
having carefully removed all railway rolling-stock on that
line. From New Berne, much of the way to Kinston,
through the Dover Swamp, the iron was not so injured
that it might not be used again, and the reconstruction of
the railway by that route would be both easier and more
economical. As, therefore, a safe base was assured for
Sherman in case of need at Wilmington, Schofield turned
his attention to preparing a still better line of communica-
tion from New Berne to Goldsboro. Several thousand
THE “WESTERNERS.” 243

convalescents returning to Sherman’s army had been sent
from Washington to New Berne and a division of new
troops, under General Ruger, assigned to the Twenty-
Third Corps, had also been ordered to proceed to that place.
The old garrisons of the district would furnish another
division.” ®

The force improvised to take, rebuild and hold the rail-
road to and beyond Kinston was a queerish medley. Nu-
merically, I fancy, the larger part were Westerners. They
were anew type to most of us. Long, slim, swarthy,
capable of getting over much ground and pushing forward
with every appearance of cheerful alacrity they were ap-
parently undisciplined and seemed never to have so much
as heard of any deference due to superior rank. Anamus-
ing illustration of their readiness for fight was provided
by one of their number attached to the 23rd whom Col.
Raymond brought to me while we were on the march. —
A battalion of the 2nd Mass. Art’y was in the column,
acting as Infantry.— The man had well-marked small-pox,
one of the rare but well known, “walking-cases,” so called.
When told what ailed him he was very anxious to be al-
lowed to go forward to what he supposed was the impend-
ing fight and could hardly be persuaded to go to the rear
and report in the Hospitals at New Berne. Some days
later we found their real value in the field. The battalion
of Mass. Art’y held a place in an extended line of impro-
vised breast-works. There was a threat, or rather rumor,
of attack by the enemy. Suddenly, the Massachusetts
boys — themselves, with a sprinkling of veterans leaven-
ing the mass, green, and under fire for the first time —
found their battalion all alone as far as they could see on
either flank. The attack did not come off. The runaways

 

*5Gen. J. D. Cox, Campaigns of Civil War.”
244 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

slipped back to their places and no harm was done. Some-
thing must be allowed, of course, to their very recent
re-formation and the fact that some of their so-called reg-
iments represented almost as many different organizations
as they comprised individuals.

The ball opened on the 7th of March, 1865. There
was a general advance, especially of Palmer’s division to-
wards Kinston via Jackson’s Mills on South West Creek.
There was little during this day but a not very active artil-
lery duel and a gradual pushing of the rebel skirmish line
till both lines were at or near the Creek. Just before
dark the 23rd was ordered into position on the extreme
right. Both sides settled down to a quiet night with a
very short distance intervening.

8th March, ’65. Rebel wagon-trains could be seen in
motion. Men, not unnaturally, recollecting how easily they
gained ground yesterday, supposed this was a general re-
treat of the rebels. The events of the day fairly disabused
them of the idea. The Confederates were in sufficient
force and proposed to whip Palmer, in the process break-
ing up the right wing of our line of battle, and then easily
driving back, perhaps capturing, the whole column. On
the left of the division front, largely by the remissness of
the cavalry outposts who allowed the rebels to throw a
large force undetected on our left rear, Col. Upham’s bri-
gade was surprised and, spite of the brilliant and stubborn
defence of the 27th Mass., captured.

At the same time there was a sharp attack all along the
line. Most of the regimental loss was incurred in the party
of skimishers as they were driven back to the regiment.
Partly by stress of this attack and partly to meet the force
which had overwhelmed Upham, the line was withdrawn to
the British road. The orderly, carrying the order for this
movement, failed to reach the 23rd which was separated
SECOND KINSTON FIGHT. 245

from the line by intervening swamp. When the order to
withdraw finally reached Col. Raymond, he had not yet
been informed of the mishaps and change along the line
and, strongly impressed with the value of his position as
commanding a bridge across the Creek and the road to
Kinston, sent word to Gen. Harland commanding the bri-
gade, that he could hold his position alone but, if neither
reinforcements nor fresh ammunition reached him in an
hour, he would fall back as ordered. About this time, Lt.
Col. Sprague of the 2nd Mass. Art’y came up with a
battalion of his regiment under command of Major W. A.
Amory. They held the place together for some time and
then fell back to the main line which they found in ex-
pectation of attack by the enemy in force.

An interesting light was thrown upon these occurrences
by one of those post bellum chats which, throwing light
from both sides, make a battle more intelligible. Certain
rebel officers, who had been in command opposite to the
23rd that day, meeting Col. Raymond, insisted that they
had whippedhim. To his rejoinder—that he didn’t know
it — they said that was just the thing that puzzled them
and that his obstinate holding on to his exposed position
made them fear some trick and prevented them from an
attack which, they claimed, they had sufficient force to
make easily successful.

The same day, the 23rd was moved to the left of the
division line to meet an attack, which was easily repulsed
and then back to its place at the right where it remained,
until the rebel force, having been repulsed with great loss,
from their attack, in force, on the left of our army, had crept
away to escape being caught between us and the column
coming up from Wilmington. We all went, unhindered,
into Kinston.

At Kinston the regiment was posted at the site of the
246 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

burnt bridge, destroyed by the rebels in their flight, to
guard stores which had accumulated there and the pontoon-
bridge which was soon in place.

CASUALTIES AT KINSTON, Marcu, ’65.

KILLED.
Pulsifer, David F., Private. Co. A.
Clark, Nathaniel W., es “ @
Clark, Michael, eee a ASS

WOUNDED
Doble, Frank M., Lieut. Co. I.
Poor, Leverett, Sergeant. St Ae
Morey, B. F., £8 se1C.
Snapp, Phil. J., ce “FR,
Parsons, John D., Corporal. (eoT;
Clark, William W., Private. {CAS
Forrest, John, us ie We
Crosby, John F., Private. d. of wounds Co. D.
Allen, Joseph C., ne “ G,
Bassett, Burgess, i ee

TEMPORARILY ATTACHED.

KILLED.
Boyles, Luther, 12th IHinois.
Desbin, Charles F., “ as
Smith, Charles T., ss se

WOUNDED.
MeVay, J. R., 12th Illinois.
Quick, Geo. W., “ “
Lee, Israel, 9th Towa.
Low, C. J., “ ‘
Mahoney, Michael, “ &
Redding, Thomas, “ “
O'Neal, William, 48th Illinois.
Shehan, William, ‘6 ‘e

Davis, Charles,
(Report Surg. Whittier — to Surg. Gen. Dale.)

During the battle Dr. Whittier was operating surgeon
 

CHAPLAIN LEWIS L. RECORD.
CASUALTIES AT KINSTON, ’65. 247

in chief and, as such, established and controlled the field-
hospital near the rail-road a little distance to the rear of
our lines.

After a few days, Dr. Whittier succeeded Dr. Wood in
the charge of the Lenoir General Hospital. It occupied
the Episcopal and Methodist Churches, the Odd Fellows’
Hall, Riddle’s carriage-shop and the Pavilion Hotel. With
accommodations for about five hundred, the patients, at
one time, nearly reached seven hundred.

Dr. Whittier writes me as follows.

‘“‘This hospital, ‘‘ Lenoir General,” as it was called, was a big affair.
After the first two weeks we got it down to about two hundred and
fifty. I was allowed five assistant-surgeons as helpers and we had
very hard service for awhile, but finally got it down to good working-
order; feeding our men on the best that could be obtained not only
from the government but from the citizens and sutlers.

By judgment and care in issuing, or rather in making my requisi-
tions, I was enabled to save a large credit to the hospital-fund; say-
ing, on an average, about fifteen hundred to two thousand dollars a
month. With this money I could and did buy all the delicacies and
substantials that I wanted: such as milk, cheese at fifty cents a pound
and preserves at one dollar and a half a pound. I remember one pur-
chase of ninety pounds of butter at one dollar and a quarter a pound,
but I did not care. I was determined the brave boys, when they got
sick, should have the best that I could get for them, and I guess any
and all that were with me in the hospital will remember the surprise
that they expressed when I issued butter and cheese to them. One
fellow remarked that if it had come to that, that if we were going to
issue cheese, preserves and butter he would be d—d if he would stay
and if he had got to eat butter and cheese he would go to his regi-
ment. I felt that although I need not save any hospital-fund or even
supply any delicacies yet it could be done and it belonged to the boys
and I preferred to have them have it to its being turned over to the
government.”

25 Mch., 65. Our chaplain, Lewis L. REcorp, who
had a severe attack of yellow fever and had never entirely
recovered, went home on sick leave. He was mustered
248 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

out on the 15th of May on the general order giving hon-
orable discharge to all officers disabled at home. His
earnestness in the cause and faithful discharge of his du-
ties had secured for him, in the regiment, the high esti-
mate which his sincerity and moral courage had earned
in his profession. He was born in Minot (now Auburn,
Me.), 1 Sept., 1816. He was graduated at Bowdoin college
in 1845. He married in September of that year. He was
first settled in Houlton, Me., and there lost his first wife.
His other pastorates were at N. Scituate, and Annisquam
Mass. He marriedagain in’52. Ill health prevented him
from continuing preaching for a time after the war, but in
April, ’70, he was settled, over the Universalist Society,
at Marlborough, N. H., where he continued his labors till
within three months of his death on 7 Dec. ’72.

Little of interest occurred unless I record the alarm of
March 28th. Communication with Gen. Sherman had been
established ; the larger part of our forces had gone on to
join his army; a garrison, rather small to man all the
works of Kinston, remained; the “innumerable caravan”
of six-mule teams had filed, for days together, across the
bridge and followed the column in order to haul supplies
from the end of the rail to the troops; the rail was work-
ing to its full capacity ; long trains of platform cars passed
daily with nothing but huge piles of boxes of “hard tack ”
when, one day the cavalry brought positive information
that a heavy column of rebel cavalry was approaching to
attack Kinston. We were all out from before daylight
but no enemy appeared.

It was during these early Kinston days, while Surgeon
S. C. Whittier had charge of the Post Hospital, that your
historian had the 23rd put under his surgical care and rode
daily to the camp at the bridge to receive assurance, gen-
NEW BERNE AGAIN. 249

erally, from Hospital Steward Booth that nothing had oc-
curred out of the ordinary routine.

30 April, 65. The 23rd was ordered to New Berne.

3 May. “The Colonel Comd’g directs that you”
(Lieut. Col. Raymond) “will remove your regiment to
Camp Distribution beyond Fort Totten which you will take
charge of, relieving Capt. J. H. Nutting of the 27th Mass.
Vol. Inf’y, whose small command is insufficient to control
the number of men now in that camp. These men will be
sent away as fast as possible.”

“We soon restored order and in a few days all the men
were sent away but a handful of colored troops.”*”

A few days after, some trouble in New Berne was the
occasion of the 23rd being sent back to New Berne for
duty on the Provost Guard, of which Col. Raymond was
to take command. Having their choice whether to occupy
barracks or a camp, they preferred the latter and pitched
it just inside the works and a little to the right of Fort
Totten. The officers of the guard were furnished horses
by the Q. M. Dept. Guard mounting took place on the
open square or Broad between Middle and Hancock, one
of the burnt districts of 1862.

15 June. Orders were received to make out mus-
tering-out rolls. 25 June, 65. The regiment was mus-
tered out by Capt. J. D. Parker, 2nd. Mass. Art’y, Act’g
M’g officer. They took the steamer Gen. Meigs at More-
head City for New York, from there by steamer to New
Haven then by rail to Boston whence they were ordered
to Readville where they remained ’till July 12th, when
they received their final discharge and payment, and were
disbanded as an organization.

 

%¢ Orders from Head-quarters Defences of New Berne.
87 Notes of Col. Raymond.
250 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Col. Raymond, in “ Massachusetts in the Civil War,
for 1865” p. 354, says: “In closing my narrative of the
regiment, I cannot refrain from speaking a few words in
commendation of both men and officers during the time I
had the honor to command them. Their excellent con-
duct while in camp or garrison, their coolness and bravery
under fire, their vigilance and fidelity at all times displayed,
entitle them to the highest praise, and has won for
them the approbation of all who have been in command
over them. Rest assured that the Twenty Third Regiment
as an organization, never brought discredit upon their
native State, and I shall count it the greatest honor of my
life that I have been privileged to command them.”

TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT ASSOCIATION.

26 Sept., 1871. Certain “resident members of the late
23rd Regiment” published a card in The Salem Gazeite
calling attention to the proposed Regimental Reunion to
be held on the following Thursday the 28th. An unex-
pectedly large number attended the meeting and formed
“The 23rd Regiment Association.” They elected Surgeon
George Derby, President ; a long list of Vice Presidents ;
Henry B. Peirce, Adjutant ; W. H. Beckerman, Q. M. and
Treasurer and Wesley C. Sawyer, Chaplain.

After Dr. Derby’s death, Col. Kurtz was elected Presi-
dent each year during his life and, since his decease, Col.
Raymond has been chosen to that office. H. B. Peirce
TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT ASSOCIATION. 251

has filled the post of Adjutant from the beginning and
Wm. L. Welch has been elected Q. M. and Treasurer, since
the third year. Meetings have been held annually. In
Salem five times, in Beverly and Marblehead twice each,
in New Bedford, Gloucester, Boston, Lynn and New-
buryport, once each.

Attendance has, naturally, varied with the location and
ease of access and has averaged about 125.

THE END.
THE ROSTER.

AN ALPHABETICAL LIST, WITH HIS MILITARY HISTORY, OF EVERY
MAN CARRIED ON THE ROLLS OF THE 23RD Mass. VoL. INF. IN THE
FILES AT THE STATE HOvusE.

The alphabetical form of the roster is, so far as the writer knows, a
novelty in military histories.

In the ordinary form, which retains the distinctions of rank and is
based upon the forms of military organization, one must know nearly
all that the roster can teach merely to find a name.

As the years go by and the number, already small, of those who
know that a given name is on the list and in what part to seek for it,
diminishes, the chief use of a roster will be to determine whether a
name can be found atall. For this purpose the ordinary form compels
a search through not less than twelve lists. In this roster the naine
will be found with all the readiness with which one finds a word in the
dictionary, and when reached will give all the military life of the indi-
vidual and reference to more extended notices in the text. Those,
however, who desire it, will find the roll of the original organization
with lists of recruits, next following the roster.

It is a matter of regret that the roster is necessarily so incomplete.
The committee sent circulars to more than four hundred survivors.
Less than one-third answered. Recourse was then had to the files at
the State House and a copy was made, by an experienced hand, of all
that could be found there. This list, modified by the returned circu-
lars and other best obtainable authority, is before you.

It was soon evident that no exact date of discharge could be found
in many cases. Sometimes four dates were given for one fact. All,
therefore, who did not reénlist, are entered as discharged at expiration
of term of service, and all, who seemed to have been on duty up to that
time, as discharged at end of war.

The recapitulation (see p. 255) differs much from that in the ‘‘Record
of Massachusetts Volunteers.” In that the total of 1710 is reached, ap-
parently, by counting the reénlisted twice and the promoted for each
rank. Some names appear four times. My total, 1380, includes all
the individuals found, and might with fairness, be reduced by some

(253)
254 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

fifty names of faint-hearted volunteers, of bounty-jumping deserters
or of rejected men who did no duty whatever.

“« Dead otherwise” includes cases of drowning, suicide, etc.

* Discharged for promotion” includes those only who were pro-
moted in other organizations. Forty-eight others were commissioned,
though not all mustered, in the 23rd.

“ Discharged otherwise” contains, besides the band, mostly, men
who were on detached duty or in hospital when the war ended and
were discharged by order.

‘* Deserted.” A large part of these never really joined the regiment
in the field.

“« Transferred.” Mostly to the Veteran Reserve Corps.

‘“* Unknown.” 28 of these are merely names on the rolls. The
others have by some chance, no record of their muster out.

“ Reénlisted.” Some into other organizations.

Beside the ordinary abbreviations of titles, etc., the following are
used in this Roster.

Ag. Acting. Glouc. Gloucester.
Andville. Andersonville. Ipsh. Ipswich.

Appd. Appointed. Mar. Mariner.

Arrd. Ch. Avrowfield Church. Mard. Married.

Bad. Buried. Mhead. Marblehead.
Behdr. Ck. Batchelder’s Creek. Mus. Musician.

Bevly. Beverly. N. Bdfd. New Bedford.

C. #. Cold Harbor. Nopt. Newburyport.
Co. Company. N.Bne. New Berne.
Commd. Commissioned. 0. W.D. Order War Dept.
Carpr. Carpenter. Plymth. Plymouth.
Cordr. Cordwainer Pog. Petersburg.
Detchd. Detached. Reend. Reénlisted.
Detid. Detailed. Rej. Rejected.
Disch. Discharged. Res. Resigned.
Dnors. Danvers. dke. Roanoke.
Dnorspt. Danversport. Sing. Single.

Dys. BF. Drury’s Bluff. Trans. Transferred.
Enrd. Enrolled. V.R.C. Vet. Res. Corps.
Farm. Farmer. Wa. Wounds or wounded.

for dis. for disability. Whall. Whitehall.
255

 

 

THE ROSTER.

                             

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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956 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

A

Abbott, Adolphus. Co.1I,40. Salem. Baker. Mard. Enrd. 16 Oct.,’61.
Detchd. baker, ’64. Disch. exp. of serv.

Abbott, Henry G. Co. H,20. Townsend. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 3 Oct.,
61. Injured in left fore-arm at Lynnfield, 9 Nov., ’61. Dropped
from rolls 10 July, ’62.

Abbott, Stephen W. Co. G, 24. Bevly. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 2 Aug.,
62. Died, City Point, 18 July, 64. Bd. there. No. 3781.

Acton, William C. Co. H, 22. Boston. Carpr. Sing. Enrd. 18 July,
762. Disch. for dis. 25 Nov., ’62.

Adams, Charles H. Co. A, 21. Mhead. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 26 Aug.,
61. Detld. Co. Teamster 3 Nov., 61. Prisoner 13 Mch., ’62.
Disch. for dis. 1 Dec., ’62.  p. 70.

Agent, Joseph S. Co. G, 27, b. New York. Bevly. Mar. Sing. Enrd.
25 Oct.,’61. Reend. Pris. Dys. Bff. 16 May,’64. Died (Charles-
ton, S. C.?) Sept., 64. See p. 196.

Albert, Emmanuel. Co. H. Boston. Baker. Sing. Enrd. 4 Nov., ’61.
Detchd. as baker, ’64. Disch. exp. of serv.

Alder, William D. 5th Serg. Co. D, 31, b. Woolwich, Eng. N. Bdfd.
Nautical inst. mak. Mard. Enrd 19 Sept.,’61. Reg’l Ordn. Serg.
7 Jan.,’63. Reend. Detchd. ordn. off. June, 64. Detld. Commy.
Dep. Sept., 64. Reg’l Commy. Serg. 28 Sept., 64. Comma. Ist
Lt. 14 Oct., 64. Disch. as Commy. Serg. end of war.

Alexander, William B. Capt. Co. E., b. in Plymouth, Mass., 29 Nov.,
729. Boston. Carpr. Mard. 2nd Lt. Co. B. 3rd M. V. M., 3 mos.
serv. Enrd. 6 Sept., 61. Capt. 8 Oct., 61. Wd. N. Bne. 14 Mch.,
62. Disch. for dis. 28 Dec., 62. Newton Highlands. See pp. 3,
44, 58, 69.

Algier, John H. Co. K, 21. Shirley. Broom-maker. Sing. Enrd. 16
Aug., 61. Died Rke., 17 Feb., ’62.

Allen, Charles R. Co.G, 22. Bevly. Cordr. Mard. Enrd.9 Aug., ’62.
Corp. 6 Nov., 63. Disch. exp. of serv.

Allen, David Q. Co. B, 18. Mhead. Baker. Sing. Enrd.5 Aug., 62.
Disch. exp. of serv. Died 15 Mch., ’73.

Allen, Edward. Co. C, 20. Glouc. Lather. Sing. Enrd. 1 Sept., ’61.
Rejected 1 Nov., ’61.

Allen, Elishup P. Co. D, 21. Fairhaven. Boat-builder. Sing. Enrd.
22 Sept., 61. Corp. 14 Feb., 62. Serg. 1 Jan., ’63. Reend.
Commd. 2nd Lt. 1 June, 65. Disch. as Sergt. end of war.

Allen, George F. Co. C, 27. Glouc. Sailmaker. Sing. Co. G, 8th M.
V.M.,3 mos. serv. Enrd. 5 Sept., 61. Died 1 Oct., 63, More-
head City, N.C. Bd. N. Bne. No. 1529.
THE ROSTER. 257

Allen, Horatio D. Co. A, 18. Salem. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 22 Aug.,
61. Wd. Rke. 8 Feb.,’62. Reend. 2 Jan.,’64. Corp. 12 Jan., 64.
Disch. O. W. D. 25 June, ’65. See p. 48.

Allen, Joseph C. Co. G, 21. Bevly. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 14 Oct., 61.
Reend. Wd. Kinston. Disch. end of war. See p. 246.

Allen, Joshua. Co. K, 24. Walpole. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 28 July, ’62.
Reend. Disch. O. W. D. 12 July, ’65.

Allen, Stephen B. Co. G, 33. Manchester. Cabinet maker. Mard.
Enrd. 20 Sept., 61. Wd. 16 Dec., ’62, Whall. Detchd. Pioneer.
Reend. Disch. end of war. See p. 128.

Allen, Thomas. Co. D, 21. Marlboro’. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 10 Mar.,
65. Disch. end of war.

Alley, Frank M. Co. C, 24. Lynn. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 19 Oct., ’61.
Reg’l hosp. nurse through the war. Reend. Disch. end of war.

Alley, Micajah B. 18. Foxborough. Enrd. 25 Aug., 64, Rej. 27
Oct., 764.

Almy, Allen. Corp. Co. D, 28.,b. Tiverton, R.I. N. Bdfd. Bsmith.
Mard. Enrd. 18 Sept.,’61. Wd. 14 March,’62, N. Bne. Serg. 23
April, 63. Reend. Disch. for prom. 13 May, ’64, as 2nd. Lt. 58th
M.V.I. Ist Lt. 18 June, 64. Capt. 8 Aug., 64. Disch. end of
war. See p. 69.

Almy, Hiram H. Co. F., b. Adams, Mass., Mar., 41. Boston. Clerk.
Sing. Enrd. 2 Nov., 61. Killed 16 Dec., 62, Whall. See pp.
127-9.

Ambler, Artemas C. Co. C, 18. Needham. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 20
Sept., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Ames, Ezekiel. Co. K, 40. Foxborough. Cordr. Muard. Enrd. 12
Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 11 July, ’62.

Anderson, John. 26. Cambridge. Labor. Sing. Enrd. 3 June, ’62.
Unassd.

Andrews, Luther B. Co. I, 31. Ipsh. Stonecutter. Mard. Enrd. 10
Oct., 61. Disch. for dis. 8 July, ’62.

Andrews, William A. Corp. Co. A., b. 16 March, ’43, at Manchester,
Mass. Bevly. Carpr. Sing. Co. E, 8th M. V.M., 3 mos. serv.
Enrd. 30 Aug., ’61. Serg. 16 Dec., 62. Wd. three times at N.Bne. ; :
once at Pbg. Two years gen. guide. Color Serg. Reend. Detld.
Pro. Mar. Off. N. Bne., Oct.,’64. Disch. end of war. Pension $6.00
forwd. Oneson,twodau’s. Cambridgeport. Sce pp. 69, 226-29,

Annable, Charles. Co, K, b. Hamilton, Mass., 26 Oct., 27. Dnvrs.
Box maker. Mard. Enrd. 1 Nov.,’61. Teamster. Disch. for dis.
5 April, ’64.

Armstrong, George A. Co. A, 21. Nbpt. Teamster. Sing. Enrd. 29
Aug., 61. Disch. exp. of serv. Togus, Me.

17
258 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Arnold, JamesH. Co.G,18. Salem. Farm. Sing, Enrd. 18 Sept., ’61.
Reend. Disch. exp. of serv.

Aroold, Richard B. Co. F, 21. Lynn. Baker. Mard. Enrd. 22 Oct.,
’61. Died 20 Feb.,’é2, Fort Monroe. Bd. Hampton, Va. No. 5134.

Arnold, Thomas R. Co. H, 25. Malden. Brass finisher. Mard. Enrd.
10 May, 62. Trans. to V. R. C. 11 Jan., ’64.

Arrington, Benjamin F. Co. F, b. 13 June, ’36. Salem. Printer. Mard.
Enrd. 14 Oct., 61. Detchd. printer. Disch. exp. of serv. Died 9
April, °71. See pp. 81-2.

Arrington, James, Jr. Co. F, b. 10 Sept., 32. Salem. Painter. Mard.
Member of Salem City Guards. Enrd. 14 Oct.,’61. Disch. for dis.
4 March, ’62. Reend. 7 July, 64, in V.R.C. Assd. to E. 6th Reg.
Disch. 8 Nov., 65, O. W. D. Pension $4.00.

Ashley, Albert W. Co. D, 28. Dartmouth. Farm. Mard. Enrd. 20
Oct., 61. Reend. Wd. Pbg., Aug., ’64. Pioneer, ’65. Disch.
end of war.

Atkins, Thomas. Co. B, 23. Mhead. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 14 Sept.,
61. Injured on duty at Annapolis, Dec., 61. Disch. for dis. 12
May, ’62. Died 23 July, ’72.

Atkins, William H. 5th Serg., Co. B,44. Mhead. Cordr. Mard. Enrd.
2 Sept., 61. Serg. 23 Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 22 Sept., ’62,
as priv.

Attleton, Joseph C. Co. H, 25. Natick. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 13 Sept.,
61. Disch. for dis. 23 April, ’64.

Attwood, Jesse. Co. H, 45. Charlestown. Teamster. Mard. Ambu-
lance. Disch. for dis. 28 May, ’63.

Atwell,George. Co. E,20. Marshfield. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 4 Oct., 61.
Disch. for dis. 19 Nov., 68.

Atwood, Charles H. Co. E,18. Plymth. Stonecutter. Sing. Enrd. 23
Sept., 61. Corp. 1 Aug., 64. Reend. Disch. end of war.

Atwood, Francis W. Co. C, 31. Boston. Printer. Sing. LEnrd. 18
Sept.,’61. Wd. 14 Mar., 62, N. Bne. Detld. printer, ’64. Disch.
exp. of serv. See p. 69.

Atwood, Morrison. Co. E, 35. Middleton. Carriage-maker. Mard.
Enrd. 23 July, ’62.

Atwood, Timothy S. Co. E, 25,b. Plymth. Abington. Boat-maker.
Sing. Enrd. 6 Aug., 62. Corp. 2 Dec., 63. Reend. Serg. 1 Aug.,
64. Ag. Commy. Serg., 65. Disch. end of war.

Atwood, Thomas B. 2nd Lt. Co. E, 32. Abington. Bootmaker. Mard.
Corp. Co. B, 3M. V. M., 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 6 Sept., 61. Disch.
for dis. 3 May, ’62. See p. 58.

Atwood, Thomas C. Co. E. Plymth. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 21 Oct., ’61.
Disch. for dis. 16 May, 62.
THE ROSTER. 259

Atwood, William T. Co. E, 20. Plymth. Shoemaker. Sing. Enrd. 23
Sept., 61. Died 20 July, ’62, N.Bne. Bd. there. No. 1543.

Austin, Alden K. Co. A, 21. Salem. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 20 Feb., ’64.
Died 12 Oct., 64, N. Bne. Bd. there. No. 1522. See p. 235.

Austin, E.V. Co.H, 25. Randolph. Bootmaker. Mard. Enrd.3 Dec.,
761. Corp. 24 March, ’62. Pris. Dys. Bff. 16 May, ’64. Paroled.
Charleston, S. C., 10 Dec., 1864. Disch. O. W. D. 18 Feb., ’65.
See pp. 85, 196.

Austin, Robert R. Co. H,18. Boston. Enrd. 29 Nov., ’61. Detchd.
serv. June, ’64.

Austin, William H. Co. H, 23. Lynn. Cordr. Enrd. 28 Sept., ’61.
Reend. Disch. end of war. Died.

Austin, William R. Co.F,19. Salem. Currier. Sing. Enrd. 9 Oct.,’61.
Asst. wagoner. Pioneer, ’64. Disch. exp. of serv.

Ayers, Loren. Co. B, 27. Salem. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 2 Aug., 62.
Trans. to V. R. C. 1 May, ’64.

Ayers, Jacob E. Co. G, b. 23 Oct., 44. Manchester. Mar. Sing. Enrd.
20 Sept., 61. Reend. Accid. wd. Pbg. 18 Aug.,’64. Disch. for dis.
for wd., 3 July, ’65. Two sons, two daus. Tapleyville, Dnvrs.
See p. 229.

B

Bacon, David B. Co. D, 33. N.Bdfd. Carriage-maker. Mard. Enrd. 27
Jan., 64. Wd. C. H. 3 June, ’64. Disch. end of war. See p. 219.

Bacon, James W. Co.K,b. Portsmouth, N. H.,19. Walpole. Fainter.
Sing. Enrd. 25 Sept., "61. Corp. 1 May, ’62. Serg. 4 Nov., 62. Ist
Serg. 24 May, ’63. Reend. Ag. Serg. Maj. 14 Jan., 64. Disch.
for prom. in ’64 to 86th U. S.C. T. Said to have been Adjutant.

Bacon, Warren. Co. K, 18, b. Kittery, Me. Walpole. Printer. Sing.
Enrd. 30 July, 62. Reend. Disch. end of war.

Babson, Fitz J. 2nd Lt. Co. C, 33. Glouc. Builder. Mard. Enrd. 1
Sept., 61. 1st Lt. Co. I, 22 July, 62. Capt. Co. A, 7 July, 63.
Disch. exp. of serv. See p. 157.

Babson, Nicholas P. Co. C, 18. Glouc. Mard. Sing. Enrd. 17 Nov.,
62. Reend. Wd. C. H. 3 June, ’64. Disch. end of war. Seep.
219.

Bagnall, Ichabod P. Co. E, 42. Plymth. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 21 Sept.,
761. Reend. Pioneer. Disch. 0. W. D. 25 June, ’65.

Bailey, George. Co. E, 35. Plymth. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 21 Sept., ’61.
Disch. exp. of serv.

Baker, HarlinP. Co. K. Walpole. Painter. Sing. Enrd. 29 July, 62.
Trans. to V. R. C. 8 Feb., ’64.

Baker, Henry D. Co. E, 39. Plymth. Carpr. Mard. Enrd. 21 Oct.,
61. Detid. carpr. ’62. Disch. for dis. 3 Sept., ’63.

Baker, Joseph H. Co. G, b. Yarmouth, N. S., 31 Jan’y, ’35. Bevly.
Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 2 Aug., 62. Reend. Ambul. C. July, 64
260 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Corp. Oct., 64. Serg. 9 Nov., 64. Commd. 2nd Lt. July, ’65.
Disch. end of war. Shoe-cutter, Bevly.

Ball, Densmore E. Third-class Mus., 24. Shrewsbury. Mus. Sing.
Enrd. 24 Oct., 61. Disch. 30 Aug., ’62.

Ball, Lucius W. Third-class Mus., 18. Northboro. Mus. Sing. Enrd.
8 Oct., 61. Disch. 30 Aug., ’62.

Bannister, David C. Third-class Mus., 27. Boston. Mus. Sing.
Enrd. 8 Oct., 61. Disch. for dis. 15 April, ’62.

Barker, Charles A. Co. C, 20. Quincy. Stone cutter. Sing. Enrd. 9
Oct., 61. Clerk at Reg. Hd. Qrs. Disch. exp. of serv. Phil., Pa.
See p. 193.

Barker, George O. Co. B, 18. Lynn. Ice-dealer. Sing. Enrd. 6 Oct.,
61. Corp. 19 Aug., 62. Serg. 3 Dec., 62. Disch. exp. of serv.

Barker, John A. Co. I, 42. Ipswich. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 9 Oct., ’61.
Died at Phila., Pa., 30 Aug., 64. Bd. Mt. Moriah, Phila. No. 337.
See p. 229.

Barlow, Joseph. Corp. Co. I, b. 1 Sept., 83. Nbpt. Cordr. Mard.
Two yrs. in mil. includg. 3 mos.’ serv. Enrd. 23 Sept., 61. Corp.
26 Oct., 62. Serg. 13 Oct., ’64. Commd. 2nd Lt. 1 June, ’65.
Disch. as Serg. end of war.

Barnard, Benjamin F. 2nd Lt. Co. K, 38. So. Reading. Mercht.
Mard. Serg. Co. B, 5th M. V. M., 3 mos.’ serv. Enrd. 11 Oct.,
61. Ist Lt. 3 May, ’62. Ag. Reg. Q. M. ’61-2-3. Res. 19 Aug., 63.

Barnard, Samuel. Co. F., 34. Salem. Farm. Sing. Enurd. 17 Oct.,’61.
Disch. for dis. 28 Sept., ’63.

Barrett, George V. 2nd Serg., Co.H, 24. Shirley. Conductor. Sing.
Co. B, 6th M. V. M., 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 2 Oet.,’61. Ist Serg. 6
March, ’62. Serg. Maj. Nov., 62. 2nd Lt. 10 Jan.,’63. 1st Lt. 8
Oct., 63. Disch. exp. of serv.

Barry, James E. Wagoner. Co. K, 24. Lynn. Teamster. Mard.
Enrd. 1 Oct., 61. Disch. for dis. 26 Dec., ’61.

Barry, Patrick, Jr. Co. G,19. Bevly. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 12 Oct.,
61. Wd.N.Bne. Dis. for dis. 5 Sept., 62. Seep. 69.

Barstow, Zacheus. Co. D, Wagoner, 28. Mattapoisett. Teamer.
Mard. Enrd. 7 Oct., 61. Died 10 Oct., ’62, N. Bne.

Bartlett, Henry C. Co. EB, 21. Plymth. Mar. Sing. Disch. exp. of
serv.

Bartlett, Winslow. Co. E,19. Mechan. Mard. Enrd. 14 Oct., ’61.
Disch. exp. of serv.

Bassett, Burgess. Co.G,18. Brewster. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 4 Jan.,
64. Wd. Kinston. Disch. 0. W. D. 3 May, 65. See p. 246,
Bassett, Edward. Co. E, 18. Plymth. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 21 Sept.,

61. Reend. Corp. 1 March, ’64. Disch. O. W. D. 3 May, ’65.

Bassett, Thaddeus. Co. G, 23. Brewster. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 2 Jan.,

64. Hosp. nurse and Ambul. Corps. Disch. end of war.
THE ROSTER. 261

Batchelder, George H. Co. F, 25. Salem Fireman. Mard. Enrd. 16
Oct., 61. Disch. for dis. 81 Dec., ’61.

Batchelder, Ira D. Co. G, 89. Bevly. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 9 Oct.,
61. Disch. for dis. 30 May, 68. See pp. 65, 77, 89.

Bates, Chas. H. Ist Lt. Co. F, b. 26 June, ’87. Salem. Clerk. Sing.
Salem L. Inf. bef. war. 2ndLt.U. D.C. Enrd.1 Oct., ’61. Res.
8 Jan., 63. See pp. 65, 77, 89.

Bates, John F. Co. B,18. Mhead. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 25 Sept., ’61.
Reend. Disch. end of war.

Bates, William D. Co. B, 33. Mhead. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 20 Sept.,
*61. Reend. Co. Cook. Disch. from Hosp. 15 July, ’65.

Battles, John. Co. D, 35. N. Bdfd. Farmer. Sing. Enrd. 10 Oct. ’61.
Disch. 3 Sept., 62, for wd. recd. at Rke. 8 Feb., 62. Seep. 48.

Bauer, Anton. Co. F, 23. Salem. Tailor. Mard. Enrd.17 July, ’62.
Disch. for dis. 14 Sept., 63.

Bean, Francis H. Co.I. b. Laconia, N. H., ’21. Nbpt. Photogra-
pher. Sing. Corp. 19 Aug., 62. Serg. 1 July, 64. Disch. exp.
of serv.

Becker, Peter. Co. F,30. Salem. Tailor. Mard. Enrd. 2 Oct., ’61.
Wd. C. H. 3 June, ’64. Orderly Reg. Hd. Qrs. Disch. exp. of
term. Seep. 219.

Beckerman, William H. Co. H, b. 23 Nov., 44. Boston. Clerk.
Sing. Enrd. 21 Oct., ’61. Wd. Whall. Corp. 7 Jan., 68. Disch.
for prom. 9 April, 64 to Ag. 2nd Lt. U. S. Vols. Ist Lt. and
recom. for Capt. at disch. 29 Nov., 65. Pens. $8. Mard. Died
13 June, ’78, Salem. See pp. 128, 250.

Beckford, Eben. Co. H, 37. Salem. Watchman. Mard. Enrd. 7
Aug.,’62. Trans. to V.R.C. 8 Feb., 64. Disch. G. 0. 27 Oct., ’64.

Belcher, Benjamin F. Co. K. Foxboro. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 9 Sept.,
*61. Reend. Disch. end of war.

Bennett, Irvin M. Co. H, 18. Somerville. Milkman. Sing. Enrd. 5
Nov., 61. Corp. 22 April, 63. Wd. C. H. Disch. for wds. 6
Aug., 64. See p. 219. :

Bennett, Levi. Co. K,b. Uxbridge, Mass. Foxboro. Cordr. Mard.
Enrd. 7 Sept., 61. Reend. Hosp. Attend. ’64-5. Disch. end of
war.

Benson, Albert. Wagoner Co. E, 35. Plymth. Teamster. Mard. Enrd.
21 Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 14 July, ’63.

Benson, George. Co. E, 30. Plymth. Nailer. Mard. Enrd. 7 Oct.,’61.
Disch. for dis. 29 Aug., ’62.

Berry, Thomas. Co. G, 24. Boston. Carman. Sing. Enrd. 23 Dec.,
64. Disch. end of war.

Besse, Theodore 8. Co. D, 18, b. Wareham, Mass. N. Bdfd. Clerk.
Sing. Enrd. 20 Sept., 61. Corp. Reend. Disch. end of war.
Dayton, Ohio.
262 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Bessom, William B., ist. Co. B, 38. Mhead. Cordr. Mard. Enrd.
13 Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 5 Sept., ’62.

Bessom, William B., 2nd. Co. B, 25. Mhead. Cordr. Mard. Co. H.
8th M. V. M. 8 mos. serv. Enrd. 16 Sept.,’61. Gun-crew. Disch.
exp. of serv. See p. 67.

Bird, Edward E. 1st Serg. Co. K, 26. Foxboro. Farm. Mard. Serg.
Co. F, 4th M. V. M. 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 25 Aug., 61. 2nd Lt.
3 Nov., 62. Res. 23 March, 64. See p. 146.

Blaisdell, George E. Co. E, 21. York, Me. Farm. Sing. Enrd.7 May,
62. Reend. Pris. Dys. Bff. 16 May,’64. Paroled. Retd. 8 Jan.,
65. Disch. end of war. Died on way home. See p. 196.

Blake, Edward. Co. A, b. 15 Jan., ’41. Dnvrspt. Morocco-dresser.
Sing. Enrd. 28 Aug., 61. Detchd. stmr. Montauk ’64. Disch.
exp. of serv.

Blake, Joseph. Co. A, 22. Dnvrspt. Tanner. Sing. Enrd. 25 Oct.,
61. Corp. 17 Aug., 63. Disch. exp. of serv.

Blanchard, Andrew J. Corp. Co. G, 30,b. Nbpt. Salem. Farm. Mard.
Co. E, 8th M. V. M. 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 9. Sept., 61. Reend.
Corp. Pris. Dys. Bff. Died Florence, S. C., 4 Nov., 64. See p.
196.

Blanchard, Elijah D. Co.I, 28. Glouc. Farm. Mard. Enrd.1 Aug.,
62. Trans. to V. R. C. 27 April, 64.

Blaney, William H. Unassd., 35. Waldoboro, Me. Sail-mak. Mard.
Enrd. 2 June, ’62. Died 23 June, 62, Camp Cameron, Mass.

Blatchford, Charles. Corp. Co. C, b. 19 July, 36. Glouc. Wheelwright.
Mard. Corp. 31 Oct.,’61. Wd. 14 March, ’62,N. Bne. ‘Trans. to
V.R. C. 1 Nov.,’63. 1st Serg. 30 Dec., 63. Disch. exp. of term.
Pens. $6. See p. 69. .

Bliss, George H. 2nd Serg., Co. B, 21. Mhead. Cordr. Mard. Co. B,
8th M. V. M.3 mos. serv. Enrd. 2 Sept., ’61. Corp. 3 Dec., 62.
Serg. 7 Oct., °63. Disch. exp. of serv.

Blossom, Edward Churchill. Co. A, b. 30 Jan., 88. Hingham. Painter.
Sing. Corp. of Wightman Rifles (Co. A, 29th) till 6 July, ’61.
Enrd. 25 Sept., 61. Corp. 25 Sept., 62. Gun-crew. Detld.
Signal Corps. Trans. to V. R. C., Co. E, 20th, 8 Feb., 64. Disch.
exp. of serv. See pp. 67, 238.

Boden, James W. Co. G, 18. Bevly. Cordr. Sing. Reend. Disch.
end of war.

Bolles, James C. Co. D, b. 25 April, 42, at Fairhaven. N. Bdfd.
Carpr. Sing. Enrd. 27 Jan., 64. Wd. twice C. H. 3 June, ’64.
Co. Clerk '65. Disch.end of war. Pens. $4. San Francisco, Cal.
See p. 219.

Bonney, Leroy 8S. Co. E, 24. South Marshfield. Farm. Sing. Enrd.
7 Oct., 61. Trans. to V. R. C. 12 Feb., 64.
THE ROSTER. 263

Booth, George W. Co. D, 32, b. Portsmouth, N. H. Boston. Artist.
Mard. Enrd. 28 May,’61. Reend. Disch. O. W. D. 25 June, ’65.

Booth, Orlando W. Co. D, 24, b. Portsmouth, N. H. Boston. Clerk.
Sing. Enrd. 15 July, 62. Reend. Hosp. Steward 18 Nov., ’63,
Comm’d Ist Lt. 14 Oct., 64. Disch. as Hosp. Steward end of war.
See p. 249.

Bott, Thomas E. Corp. Co. A, 28. Wenham. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 28
Aug., 61. Dishon. disch. by order of Col. Kurtz 18 Nov.,’61.

Bowen, James A. Co. E,19. Duxbury. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 7 Oct.,
761. Disch. for dis. 3 June, ’62.

Bowen, Nelson. Co. E, 30. Seekonk. Farm. Mard. Enrd. 29 Aug.,
62. Disch. for dis. 24 Nov., 62.

Bowers, Horace S. Corp. Co. H, 21. Hancock, N. H. Farm. Sing.
Enrd. 11 Sept., 61. Died 28 Feb., 62, Nashua, N. H.

Bowman, Joshua B. Corp. Co. D, 26, b. Falmouth, Mass. N. Bdfd.
Carpr. Mard. Enrd. 23 Sept., 61. Wd. N.Bne. 14 Mch., ’62.
Serg. 27 July, 62. 1st Serg. 12 Jan., 63. Serg. Maj. 11 Aug., ’63.
Reend. Commd. Ist Lt. 14 Oct., ’64. Disch. as Serg. Maj. end
of war. See p. 69.

Boutelle, James H. Co. K, 31. Wrentham. Mech. Mard. Enrd. 11
Sept., 61. Died 23 Jan.,’62, Hatteras.

Boyd, John P. Wagoner Co.I, 28. Nbpt. Teamster. Mard. Enrd.
27 Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 26 March, ’63.

Bracken, James. Co. H, 28. Randolph. Farm. Mard. Enrd. 3 Dec.,
*61. Disch. for dis. 5 April, ’63.

Brackett, Levi, Jr. Co. C, 25. Glouc. Farm. Mard. Enrd. 22 July,
62. Reend. Pris. Dys. Bff. 16 May, 64. Died 11 June, ’64,
Andville., Ga. Bd. there. No. 1857. See p. 196.

Bradbury, Jacob. Co. G,41. Dnunvrs. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 1 Oct., 61.
Disch. for dis. 14 March, ’62.

Bradford, Albion. Co. E, 23. Kingston. Trader. Sing. Enrd. 31 Dec.,
63. Disch. end of war.

Bradstreet, Horatio N. Co. A, 24. Bevly. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 1
Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 13 Oct., 62.

Bragdon, George F. Wagoner Co. G, 47. Bevly. Stone Mason. Mard.
Enrd. 20 Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 6 Aug., 762.

Bragdon, William G. 38rd Serg. Co. H, 23. Boston. Clerk. Sing.
Enrd. 20 Sept., 61. 1st Serg. 19 Nov., 62. Reend. Ist Lt. of
Co. K, 21 Aug., 64. Commd. Cap. 14 Oct., 64. Disch. as Ist Lt.
end of war. See p. 234.

Braley, Edward B. Co. E, 27. Plymth. Farm. Mard. Enrd. 19 Oct.,
61. Killed on picket, 29 April, 62, Bchdr. Ck. Bd. N. Bne. No.
1544. See p. 88.

Braley, John R. Co. E, 24. Plymth. Farm. Mard. Enrd. 21 Sept., ’61.
Wad. 16 Dec., 62, Whall. Disch. for dis. 9 April, 63. See p. 128.
264 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Brandon, Robert. Co. G, 18, b. Ireland. Bevly. Farm. Sing. Enrd.
22 Sept.,’61. Reend. Off. Med. Purvey.,’64. Disch. end of war.

Bray, Benjamin. Co. G, 18, b. Salem. Bevly. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 20
Sept.,’61. Reend. Killed Dys. Bff. 16 May, ’64. See pp. 190-5.

Brewster, Ethan Allen Paul. Cap. Co. A, b. 23 Nov., ’37. Salem.
Surgeon. Mard. Enrd. 20 Aug., 61. Ag. Major 24 May, ’63.
Maj. 17 Aug., 63. Wd. C. H. 3 June, 64. Disch. 10 Oct., ’64.
Died 4 April, ’77, Escanaba, Mich. See pp. 25, 76-7, 144-46, 187,
208-18, 220.

Bridges, Jelouis F. Co. I, 23. Ipsh. Farm. Mard. Enrd. 16 Oct.,
61. Killed Dys. Bff. 16 May, ’64. See p. 195.

Bridges, John O. Co. I. Ipsh. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 16 Oct., ’61,
Died N. Bne. 26 April, 62. Bd. there. No. 1761.

Briggs, George. Co. E, 40. Boston. Wool-sorter. Mard. Enrd. 24
July, 62. Died of wds. 16 Dec., ’62, Whall. See pp. 127-9.

Briggs, Obed N. Co. D, 21, b. Dartmouth, Mass. N. Bdfd. Bsmith.
Sing. Enrd. 20 Sept., 61. Corp. 23 April. ’63. Killed 8 June,
64, C. H.

Brigham, Joseph. Co. K, 38. Foxboro. Painter. Mard. Enrd. 22
Aug., 61. Disch. for dis. 25 June, 62.

Brockelbank, Lewis A. Co. I, 18. Ipsh. Mill-hand. Sing. Enrd. 28
Sept., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Brooks, Charles W. Corp. Co. A, b. 24 Aug., ’41. Salem. Currier.
Sing. Co. J, 8th M. V. M. 3 mos. serv. Enmrd. 24 Aug., ’61.
Serg. 22 Oct., 62. 1st Serg. 1 June, 63. Reend. Commd. 1st
Lt. 14 Oct., 64. Pris. Kinston, N. C., 8 Mch., ’65. Disch. as
Serg. June 7,’65. See pp. 156, 224.

Brooks, Samuel H. Co. F,26. Salem. Merchant. Sing. Enrd.7 Oct.,
61. Wd.N. Bne. Died, Salem, 6 April, 62. See p. 69.

Brown, Augustus, Co. A, 31. Salem. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 28 Aug.,
61. Died 24 April, 62, N. Bne. Bd. there. No. 1542.

Brown, Charles. 2nd Class Mus., 44. South Dnvrs. Stairbuilder.
Mard. Enrd. 12 Oct., 61. Disch. 30 Aug., ’62.

Brown, Daniel F. Co. B, 18. Lynn. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 18 Sept.,
61. Disch. for dis. 15 Oct., 62.

Brown, Ezra L. Co. F,18. Salem. Currier. Sing. Enrd. 14 Oct., 61.
Wd. 14 Mch., 62, N. Bne and 3 June, 64, C. H. Disch. exp. of
serv. See pp. 69, 219.

Brown, EzraW. Co.A,19. Salem. Mason. Sing. Enrd. 28 Aug.,’61.
Disch. exp. of serv.

Brown, Frederic W. Corp. Co. H, 20. Harvard. Student. Sing.
Enrd. 1 Oct., 61. Serg. 9 Dec., 68. Disch. for prom. 8 Jan., ’64
to 2nd Lt. in 1st U. S.C. C.

Brown, George. Co. D. Charlemont, Mar. Sing. Enrd. 9 Feb., ’65.
Disch. end of war.
THE ROSTER. 265

Brown, George. Unassd., 25. Boston. Enrd. 23 July, ’62. Des.
July, 62.

Brown, George A. Co. A, 21. Manchester. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 10
Sept., 61. Wd. at Whall. 16 Dec., ’62. Disch. for dis. 21 March,
1863. See p. 127.

Brown, Henry A. Co.I,18. Ipsh. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 22 Sept., ’61.
Died 21 April, 62, N. Bne.

Brown, Henry C. Band Leader, 23. Boston. Mus. Sing. Enrd. 1
Oct., 61. Disch. 80 Aug., 62. See pp. 11, 25, 31-6.

Brown, Henry F. 1st Ulass Mus., 38. Salem. Stair-builder. Mard.
Enrd. 12 Oct., 61. Disch. 30 Aug., ’62.

Brown, John H. Co. B, 18. Lynn. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 18 Sept.,
761. Trans. to V. R. C. 1 Dec., ’63.

Brown, Lucius W. Co. C, 29. Lynn. Cordr. Mard. Hospital nurse.
Trans. to V. R. C. 11 Jan., ’64.

Brown, Robert N. Co. G, 19. Bevly. Mar. Enrd. 4 Dec., ’61. Corp.
17 Jan’y, 63. Reend. Lost arm at Dys. Bff. Disch. by order
Feb., 65. See p. 195.

Brown, William P. Co. G, 24. Mhead. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 1 Oct.,
"61. Trans. to V. R. C. 8 Feb., 64.

Browne, Howard A. Co.H, 40. Lynn. Butcher. Mard. Enrd. 8 Nov.,
’61. Disch. for dis. 27 Dec., ’61.

Brougham, Edward J. Co. H, b. 22 Dec., 44. Boston. Glass-blower.
Sing. Enurd. 16 Sept.,’61. Reend. Corp. 1 Aug., ’64. Serg. 1
Jan’y, 65. Disch. end of war. 202 Foundry St., So. Boston.

Bruce, William. Co. G, 21. New York. Laborer. Sing. Enrd. 7
Jan'y,’65. Disch. end of war.

Bryant, Augustin B. Co. A, 28. Bevly. Carpr. Mard. Enrd. 27 Aug.,
’61. Reend. Ambul. driver. Pioneer. Disch. end of war.
Bryant, Homer. Co. E, 44. Plymth. Farm. Mard. Enrd. 21 Sept.,

61. Disch. for dis. 20 Sept., ’62.

Buck, Hiram S. Co. K,21. Foxboro. Cordr. Sing. Co. F, 4th M. V.
M. 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 7 Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 11 Sept., ’62.

Budlong, William D. Co. D, 19. N. Bdfd. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 20
Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 19 Nov., ’63.

Buffington, Hiram 8. Co. C, 89. Glouc. Barber. Mard. Wd. 14 Mch.,
62, N. Bne. Disch. for dis. 15 Sept., 63. See p. 69.

Buffum, George W. Co. A, 21. Salem. Blacksmith. Mard. Enrd. 21
Aug., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Bullard, Joseph A. Corp. Co. D, 21. N. Bdfd. Mercht. Sing. Enrd.
19 Sept., 61. Serg. 12 Jan., 63. Disch. for prom. 30 June, 63.
Ag. Master’s Mate U. S. N. 7 April, 63. Dighton, Mass.

Bullard, Louis L. 8rd Serg. Co. K, 24. Foxboro. Box-maker. Sing.
Corp. Co. F, 4th M. V. M. 3 mos. serv. Enurd. 23 Aug., ’61.
Disch. for dis. 30 Sept., ’62.
266 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Bunker, Frank R. Co. F, 21. Cambridge. Farm. Enrd. 7 July, ’62.
Reend. Absent sick from July, ’64. Disch. end of war.

Bunting, David C. Co. H, 23. Swampscott. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 12
Dec., 61. Disch. for dis. 3 Mch., ’62.

Bumpus, David P. Co. C, 31. Rochester. Enrd. 10 Feb., 64. Re-
jected.

Bumpus, Linus D. Co. D, 18. Wareham. Laborer. Sing. Enrd. 14
Oct., 61. Disch. end of war.

Bumpus, Reuben A. Co. D, 21. Wareham. Laborer. Mard. Enrd.
14 Oct., 61. Disch. for dis. 19 June, ’63.

Burbank, Asaph S. Co. E, b. 21 Aug., 41. Plymth. Nailer. Mard.
Wa. by sliver of a tree at N. Bne. 14 Mch., 62. Disch. for dis. 14
Oct., 62. See p. 69.

Burbank, David W. 5th Serg., Co. E, 26. Plymth. Shoecutter.
Mard. Serg. Co. B, 3rd M. V. M. 3 mos. serv. Enurd. 21 Sept.,
61. Wd. 16 Dec., 62. Whall. Trans. to V. R. C. 27 April, ’64.
Disch. 28 Sept., 64.

Burbank, William S., Jr. Corp. Co. E, 29. Plymth. Printer. Mard.
Corp. Co. B, 8rd M. V. M. 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 21 Sept., ’61.
Disch. for dis. 1 Dec., 62. See p. 81.

Burchstead, David W. Co. F, b. 26 Jan’y, 43. Salem. Farm. Sing.
Enrd. 14 Oct., ’61. Corp. 6 April, ’64. Disch. exp. of serv.
Mard. 3sons,1 dau. Brighton Dist., Boston.

Burgess, Charles T. Co. D, b. 80 July, ’38, N. Bdfd. Middleboro.
Shoecutter. Sing. Enrd. 24 Sept., 61. Died. exp. of serv. N.
Bdfd.

Burgess, James K. Co. E,19. Plymth. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 21 Sept.,
’61. Corp. 13 Sept., 62. Reend. Serg. 18 Jan., 64. Disch. 0. W.
D. 18 June, 65.

Burk, Edward K. Co. G, 18. Bevly. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 20 Sept.,
61. Pris. Dys. Bff. Par. Charleston 10 Dec., ’64. Died 8 Feb.,
78. See p. 196.

Burk, Thomas. Co. C. Bevly. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 30 Sept., ’61.
Disch. for dis. 22 Sept., ’62.

Burnham, Abraham. Co. I, 43. Ipswich. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 27 Sept.,
61. Disch. for dis. 21 July, 62. See p. 60.

Burnham, Simeon A. Co. E, 30. Glouc. Carpr. Mard. Enrd. 2 Aug.,
62. Disch. for prom. 12 Nov., 63. 2nd Lt. 3rd Hy. Art.

Burnham, Thomas. Co. G,50. Bevly. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 30 Sept.,
61. Disch. for dis. 22 Sept., ’62 or 3.

Burns, George E. Co.1,18. Nbpt. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 27 Sept., ’61.
Gun-crew. Corp. 25 Sept., 62. Disch. exp. of serv. Died on
voyage to China, See p. 67.

Burns, John. Co. E, b. Dundall, Ireland, 33. Plymth. Laborer. Mard.
Enrd. 21 Sept., 61. Reend. Disch. 25 June, ’65.
THE ROSTER. 267

Burrill, Rollo. Co. B, 18. Enrd. 18 Sept., 61. Corp. 3 Dec., ’62.
Wad. Kinston 14 Dec., 62. Died of wds. 14 Jan., 63. See p. 123.

Burt, John E. Co. E, 25. Plymth. Mason. Mard. Enrd. 21 Sept.,
61. Disch. for dis. 29 Aug., ’62.

Bushy, William. Co. C, 22, b. Georgetown, N.S. Glouc. Mar. Sing.
Co. G, 8th M. V. M. 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 1 Sept., 61. Pioneer.
Wd. C. H. 3 June, ’64. Disch. end of war. See pp. 27, 40, 218.

Butler, Alonzo A. Co. G, 25. East Poultney, Vt. Mar. Sing. Enrd.
22 Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 13 Aug., 62.

Butler, Frank. Corp. Co. C, 21. Glouc. Farm. Mard. Enrd. 1 Sept.,
761. Wd. 14 Mch., 62, N. Bne. Detchd.on rec.serv. Disch. for
dis. 20 Jan., 64. See p. 69.

Butler, Thomas. Unassd., 31. Boston. Carver. Sing. LEnrd. 11 June,
62. Des. 14 June, ’62.

Butler, Thomas S. Co. C, 20. Glouc. Mar. Sing. Enurd. 28 Oct.,’61.
Accid. shot 6 Jan., 62, Annapolis, Md. See p. 27.

Buxton, Edward H. Co.G,18. Salem. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 14 Nov.,
64. Disch. end of war.

Cc

Cailand, John. Co. K, 33. Plymth. Labor. Mard. Enrd. 20 Sept.,
761. Died Rke., 9 Mch., 62 from inj. recd. on duty in stmr.
Northerner by the parting of a hawser.

Caird, Francis S. Co. F, 24. Dnvrs. Teamster. Sing. Enrd. 12
Oct., °61. Wd. Rke. Disch. for dis., 5 Sept., 62. Seep. 48.
Caldwell, Augustus. Co. G, 38. Bevly. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 20

Sept., 61. Disch. for dis., 7 Aug., 63.

Caldwell, Jacob. Co.G,18. Bevly. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 13 Feb., ’64.
Wd. 10 May, ’64, on picket. Berm. Hund. Disch. end of war.
Caldwell, John G. Co. B, 28. Ipsh. Moroc. dresser. Mard. Enrd. 2

Sept., 61. Disch. for dis., 26 Mch., 62 or 3.

Call, George A. Co. B, 18. Salem. Printer. Sing. Enrd. 12 Sept.,
61. Detid. as printer. Disch. exp. of serv.

Callahan, Henry. Co. G, 29. Brewster. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 2 Jan.,
64. Disch. end of war.

Cambridge, John. Co. D, 22. N. Bdfd. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 20 Sept.,
61. Detld. harness-maker. Disch. exp. of serv. Died.

Carey, Robert. Co. B,44. Mhead. Farm. Mard. Enrd. 20 Sept., 61.
A.C. Wagoner. Disch. for dis., 26 Mch. or 19 Sept., 62. Died
22 Jany, 83.

Carey, Robert, Jr. Co. G, 21. Bevly. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 20 Sept.,
61. Reend. Disch. end of war.

Carleton, Robert W. Band. 3rd Cl. Mus., 31. Boston. Cabinet maker.
Sing. Enrd. 8 Oct., 61. Disch. 30 Aug., *62.
268 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Carlton, Joseph G. S. Corp. Co. F, b. 10 Aug., 37. Salem. Clerk.
Sing. U. D.C. Enrd.1Oct.,’61. Detid. Hd. Qr. Guard and as
Forage Master from Nov. ’68 till disch. exp. of term.

Carlton, David. Corp. Co. F, 34, b. Chelmsford. Salem. Carpr.
Mard. U.D.C. Enrd.1 Oct.,’61. Serg. Ist Serg. Wd. Kin-
ston. Pris. Dys. Bff. Killed by pris. guard, Charleston, S. C., 25
Sept., 64. See pp. 123, 196, 199.

Carman, Henry F. 31. Unassd. Boston. Enrd. 2 Aug., ’62. Des. 3
Aug., 62.

Carnes, Edward S. Co. E. b. Boston, 29 June, ’29. Carver. Cordr.
Sing. Enrd. 21 Sept.,’61. Reend. Wd. C. H. Corp. 1 Sept.,
64, Co. Clerk, ’65. Disch. end of war. Pens. $4. N. Carver.
See p. 219.

Carney, Dennis. Co. G. Bevly. Farm. b. in Roxbury, ’20. Enrd.1
May, ’62. Corp. Reend. MDisch. end of war.

Carpenter, James A. Corp. Co. K, 22. b. Boston. Foxboro. Moulder.
Sing. Co. F, 4th M. V. M. 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 23 Aug., 61. Serg.
18 June, 62. Reend. 1st Serg. 3 Dec., 63. Disch. end of
war.

Carpenter, Thomas. Co. K, 21. Foxboro. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 5 Sept.,
761. Ambul. Corps., ’64. Disch. exp. of serv.

Carpenter, Wright. Co.D,43. b. Ontario, N. Y. N.Bdfd. Painter.
Mard. Enrd. 23 Sept., 61. Reend. Disch. end of war. Charles-
town.

Carrico, Charles. Co.G,41. Bevly. Mard. Enrd.5 Nov.’61. Trans.
21 Sept., 63 to V. R. C.

Casey, Hugh. Co. K, 18. Boston. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 11 Nov., ’63.
Disch. end. of war.

Cashman, Michael. Co. H,18. Lynn. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 20 Sept.,
761. Reend. Pris. Stmr. Fawn. Paroled. Disch. end of war.
See p. 230.

Cassidy, James. Co. K,30. Salem. Cotton spinner. Enrd. 19 July,
62. Disch. for dis.,26 Apl., 63. Died 3 Mch., ’71.

Caswell, Augustus T. Co. E, 21. Plymth. Truckman. Sing. Enrd.
21 Sept., 61. Disch. for dis., 8 July, 62.

Caswell, Joseph W. Co. G, 18. Wenham. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 20
Sept., 61. Wd. Whall. Reend. Disch.endof war. See p. 128.

Caswell, Richard. Co. B, 42. Mhead. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 18 Sept.,
61. Died 4 Sept. 63. N. Bne.

Caswell, Thomas J. Co. B, 33. Mhead. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 7 Aug.,
°62. Disch. exp. of serv.

Cavanagh, Charles. Co. D, 39. N. Bdfd. Labor. Mard. Enrd. 23
Sept., 61. Wd. N. Bne., 14 Mch., ’62. Lived 12 days. Bd. there.
No. 1541. See p. 69.
THE ROSTER. 269

Center, Addison. Cap. Co. C, 30. Glouc. Artist. Cap. Co. G, 8th
M.V.M. 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 1 Sept., 61. Ag. Maj. Wd. Berm.
Hund. Disch. exp. of serv. See pp. 3, 79, 109, 144, 174.

Center, Addison A. Co. B, Mus., 16. Wenham. Cordr. Sing. Enrd.
27 Sept., 61. Disch. for dis., 2 Oct., ’62.

Center, Edward B. Co. C, 25. Glouc. Carpr. Mard. Enrd. 16 July,
62. Disch. for dis., 19 Sept., ’63.

Chadwick, Edward R. Co. K, b. Bradford, Vt., 19. Mansfield.
Student. Sing. Eurd.4 Oct., 61. Corp. 4 Nov., 62. Wd. Wil-
cox Bdge. Reend. Serg., 1 Jan., 64. 1st Serg., 1 July, 64. A.
Serg. Maj., Jan., 65. Commd. Ist Lt. and Capt., 14 Oct., 64.
Disch. Ist Serg. end of war.

Chaffin, Joseph F. Band, 3d Cl. Mus., 22. Leominster. Cabinet
Maker. Mard. Enrd. 8 Oct., 61. Disch. 30 Aug., ’62.

Chamberlain, Alfred O. Co. B, b. at Lynn, 10 July, 42. Cambridge.
Painter. Sing. Enrd. 25 July, 62. Reend. Disch. end of war.

Chamberlain, Leroy 8. Co. B, 28. Boston. Tin-plate worker. Mard.
Enurd. 4 Nov., 61. On gun-crew. Corp., Aug., 62. Reend.
Detld. with Commis., 65. Disch. end of war. Died, 26 Jan.,
66. So. Boston. See pp. 42, 67.

Chamberlain, William C. Co. D, 44. N. Bdfd. Plumber. Sing. Enrd.
20 Sept., 61. Disch. for dis., 3 Sept., ’62.

Chambers, John G. Adjutant, b. at Chelsea, 25 Sept., 28. Medford.
Printer. Mard. In the spring of 46 he enlisted in Co. EK of the
Muss. Reg. and served through the Mexican War. Was Adjutant
of the 5th M.V.M.,3 mos. serv. Eurd. 5 Oct.,’6l. Major, 7 May,
62. Lt. Col., 9 June, 763. Wd., Wilcox Bridge aud Dys. Bit.
Died of wd., 15 July, 64. See pp. 16, 23, 66, 89, 104—6-10-21-5-
9-45-9-6 1-87-95-7, 233.

Chandler, Thomus. Co. E,21. Plymth. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 21 Sept.,
"61. Daisch. tor dis., 22 May, ’62.

Chaniel, Joseph H. Co. I, 24, b. Topsfield. Ipswich. Machinist.
Mard. KEurd. 28 Sept.,’61. Reend. Des. 1 Nov., ’64.

Chapdellan, Charles. Co. C, 36. No. Camb. Brick-maker. Mard.
Enrd. 5 Oct., 61. Disch. for dis., 13 Jan., 63.

Chapdellan, Oliver. Co. C, 28, b. St. Davids, Can. Charlestown.
Cordr. Mard. Enrd.4Nov.,’61. Wd. 14 Mch., 62. Reend. Des.
20 Sept., 64. See p. 69.

Chaplin, Nathaniel W. Co. A, 23. Duvrs. Hostler. Sing. urd. 27
Aug., 61. Reg. Wagoner, 4 Nov., 61. Detch. Teamster, ’64.
Disch. exp. of serv. Died.

Chapliu, William A. Co. A, 18. Dnvrs. Cordr. Sing. Eurd. 27
Aug., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Chupinan, William. Mus., Co. K, 42. Pawtucket. Machinist. Mard.
Enrd. 12 Sept., ’61. Disch. for dis., 25 Sept., ’62.
270 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Chapman, William H. Co. B, 23. New Albany, Ind. Currier. Sing.
Enrd. 12 June, ’62. Corp. 24 July, 62. Serg., 6 Dec., 62. Died
10 Mch., ’63, Hilton Hd. Bd. Beaufort, S.C. No. 1198.

Chapple, William F. Co. F,35. Salem. Police. Mard. Enrd. 4 Oct.,
61. Co. Commy. Disch. exp. of serv. See p. 32.

Chase, Charles. Co. D, 21. Boston. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 4 Aug., 62.
Killed, C. H., 3 June, 64. See p. 218.

Chateauvert, Peter. On des. roll of Co. H.

Chellis, John F. Co. H, 22. Harvard. Laborer. Sing. Enrd. 7 Aug.,
62. Wd.C.H. Died of wds., 20 June, 64. Washington, D. C.
Bd. Arlington, Va. No. 6063. Seep. 218.

Chenniel, Moses J. Co. B, 24. Bevly. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 7 Sept.,
*61. Wd. N.Bne. Disch. exp. of serv. See p. 69.

Chenniel, Samuel O. Co.B,19. Bevly. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 29 Aug.,
61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Chestnut, Samuel C. Co. K, 26. Foxboro. Moulder. Mard. Enrd.
27 Oct., 61. Col’s hostler from 11 Nov., 61. Disch. for dis., 21
Feb., 63.

Choate, George D. 4th Serg. Co. C, 28. No. Dnvrs. Cordr. Sing.
Co. D, 20th Penn. Vol. Infy., 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 5 Sept., ’61.
Trans. to V. R. C., 8 Feb., 64.

Choate, Joseph W. Co. I, 26. Nbpt. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 27 Sept.,
61. Disch. for dis., 26 Dec., 61.

Choate, William E. Ist Serg., Co. G, 21. Bevly. Tinman. Mard. Co.
E, 8th M. V.M., 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 9 Sept., ’61. 2nd Lt. 20
Aug., 62. 1st Lt. 12 Jany, 63. Commdg. pioneers, June, ’64.
Commd. Capt. 29 Aug., 64. Disch. as 1st Lt., end of war. See
pp. 212-34.

Christian, William T. Corp. Co. B, 25. Andover. Machinist. Sing.
Enrd. 23 Sept., 61. Disch. for dis., 3 Jany, ’62.

Chubbuck, Warren. Co. E, 29. Middleboro. Teamster. Mard. Enrd.
21 Oct., 61. Disch. for dis., 26 Dec., 61.

Churchill, Joseph L. Co. E, 21. Plymth. Truckman. Sing. Enrd.
21 Sept., 61. Killed, N. Bne., 14 Mch., 62. See p. 68.

Churchill, William E. Co. E, 18. Plymth. Carpr. Sing. Enrd. 21
Sept., 61. Corp., 9 Nov., 63. Disch. exp. of serv.

Chute, Andrew M. Co. B,35. Swampscott. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 18
Feb., 64. Pris. Dys. Bff. Died, Andville., 3 Sept., 64. Bd.
there. No. 7674. See p. 195.

Clapp, Charles J. Co. K, b. N. Hampton, Mass. Holland. Farm.
Sing. Enrd. 16 Aug.,’61. Reend. Drummer, 14 Dec., 63. Disch.
endof war. Boston. Mard. Two sons.

Clapp, William S. Co. K, 18. Mansfield. Student. Sing. Enrd. 24
Sept., 61. Died 5 Apl., 62, N. Bne. Bd. there. No. 1780.
THE ROSTER. 271

Clark, Albion J. Co. K, 28. Salem. Clerk. Mard. Enrd. 9 Aug., ’62.
Disch. for dis., 7 May, ’63.

Clark, Andrew J. Co. H, 23. Hingham. Painter. Sing. Enrd. 9
Oct., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Clark, Charles P. Co. F, 45. Topsfield. Farm. Mard. Enrd. 12
Oct., 61. Disch. for dis., 31 Dec., ’61.

Clark, Frederick P. Co. D, 19, b. Fairhaven. N. Bdfd. Ship carpr.
Sing. Enrd. 3 Sept.,’61. Corp. Pioneer. Disch. end of war.

Clark, James A. Co. H, 45. Ipswich. Machinist. Mard. Enurd. 18
Sept., 61. Died 7 May, ’62, Hatteras.

Clark, John F.G. Co.1I,30. Ipswich. Mercht. Mard. Enrd. 16 Oct.,
61. Disch. for dis., 6 Jan., 62.

Clark, Levi. Co. I, 18. Glouc. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 30 July, ’62.
Reend. Disch. end of war.

Clark, Michael. Co. G,22., Hamilton. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 26 Sept.,
*61. Reend. Killed, 8 March, ’65, Kinston,N.C. Bd. there. No.
1331. See p. 246.

Clark, Nathaniel W. Co. G, 22. Bevly. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 11
Nov., 61. Reend. Killed, 8 Mch.,’65, Kinston, N.C. Bd. there.
No. 1333. See p. 246.

Clark, Phineas K. Co. D, 19. N. Bdfd. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 25 Sept.,
61. Disch. exp. of serv. N. Haven, Conn.

Clark, Thomas. Co. H. Boston. Sing. Enrd. 16 Sept., ’61.

Clark, William T. Co. G,19. Bevly. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 14 Oct., ’61.
Wd. Whall. Disch. for dis., 26 Mch., 63. See p. 128.

Clark, William W. Co. A, 26. Lynn. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 18 Oct.,
°64. Wd. Kinston. Disch. end of war. See p. 246.

Clarke, Jonas Bowen, 45. Chaplain. Swampscott. Clergyman. Mard.
Enrd. 18 Sept., 61. Res. 19 Aug., 63. Chaplain City Inst. So.
Boston. See pp. 16, 20, 58, 149.

Clarrage, William. Co. K, 35. Lynn. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 25 May,
62. Disch. for dis., 13 June, ’63.

Clayton, John W. Co.G,18. Bevly. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 20 Sept.,’ 61.
Corp. 4 Apl. ’63. Pris. Dys. Bff. Paroled 14 Dec., ’64._ Disch. 26
Jan.,’65. See p. 196.

Cleale, Joseph A. Co. H, 18. Sherborn. Bsmith. Sing. Enrd. 5
Sept., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Clinton, Edward. Co. K, 27. Walpole. Wool spinner. Mard. Enrd.
14 Dec., 61. Disch. for dis. 11 Sept., ’62.

Clynes, Frank H. Co. A. Salem. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 24 Aug., ’61.
Corp. 29 Feb., 64. Disch. exp. of serv.

Coad. John. Co. H, 33. Medway. Tailor. Mard. Enrd. 8 Oct., ’61.
Disch. for dis. 7 Oct., ’62.
272 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Coarser, William H. Co. E, 22. Boston. Mason. Sing. Enrd. 28
May, 62. Wd. C. H. R.Q.M. Dep. 65. Disch. exp. of term.
See p. 219.

Coas, Henry G. Co. C, 21. Glouc. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 28 Oct., ’61.
Corp. 9 Nov., 68. Reend. Wd. C. H. Serg. 24 Oct., ’64.
Commd. 2nd Lt. 2 June, ’65. Disch. as Serg.endof war. See pp.
40, 219.

Cobbett, James. Co. K, b. Boston, 18. Needham. Farm. Sing.
Enrd. 1 Aug., 62. Reend. Wd. Arrd.Ch. Safe guard Dec., ’64.
Disch. end of war. See p. 179.

Coble, Lewis H. Co. D, 22. N. Bdfd. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 18 Sept.,
761. Died 14 Apl., 62. N. Bne.

Coffin, George G., Jr. Drummer, Co. D, 18. N. Bdfd. Clerk. Sing.
Enrd. 19 Sept., 61. Prin. Mus. 2 Jan. till 15 July, 62. Disch.
exp. of serv.

Cohota, Edward D. Co. I, 18. Glouc. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 12 Feb.,
64. Disch. end of war.

Cole, Edwin L. Co. E, b. Northbridge, 6 Mch., 41. Seekonk. Cordr.
Enrd. 9 Aug., ’62. Reend. Wd. and pris. Dys. Bif. Conf. at
Richmond, 89 days. Disch. from Hicks Hosp., Balt., 14 Aug., ’65.
59 So. Canal St., Chicago. See pp. 190-2-5-6.

Cole, Jeremiah W. 35. Unassd. Boston. Mechan. Mard. Enrd. 21
July, 62. Des. 23 July, 62.

Cole, JohnH. Co. A. Bevly. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 21 Aug., ’61. Corp.
18 Aug., 63. Reend. Disch. end of war.

Cole, William D. Co. E, b. Northbridge, 22 Aug., ’22. Mendon.
Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 9 Aug., 62. Reend. Wd. and piis. Dys.
Bif. Disch. on acct. of wd., 28 Mch., 65. Pens. $8. Ashland,
Mass. See pp. 190-1-5-6.

Collins, Charles H. Co. A, 25. Salem. Cooper. Mard. Enrd. 26
Aug., 61. Disch. for dis. 12 Sept., 62.

Collins, Edward A. Co. A, b. 22 Oct., ‘88. Salem. Mar. Sing. Enrd.
26 Aug., 61. Detld. brig. Dragoon. Disch. for dis. 10 May, '63.
Reend. for 90 days, 16 May, ’64, 13 Unatt. Co., M. V. M.

Collins, George W. Co. A, 20. Southampton. Confectioner. Sing.
Enrd. 23 Feb., 64. Disch. end of war.

Collyer, Joseph W. Co. B,18. Mhead. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 15 Feb.,
64. Disch. end of war.

Conant, William P. Co. A, 33. Topsfield. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 3
Sept., 61. Reend. Pioneer. Disch. end of war.

Cone, Andrew J. Co. C, 27. Lynn. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 25 Oct.,
61. Disch. exp. of. serv.

Conner, Edward O. Co. A, 19. Nbpt. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 6 Sept.,
61. Disch. for dis. 8 Sept., ’62.
THE ROSTER. 273

Connor, Daniel. Co. I, 19. Boston. Teamster. Sing. Enurd. 26 July,
61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Connors, John. Co. H, 24. So. Dnvrs. Labor. Sing. Enrd.5 July,
64. Co. Cook. Disch. end of war.

Cook, Charles C. Band, 1st Cl. Mus., 18. Leominster. Mus. Sing.
Enrd. 8 Oct., 61. Disch. 30 Aug., 62. See p. 26.

Cook, Edmund. Co. K,18. Glouc. Teamster. Sing. Enrd. 6 Aug.,
62. Corp., 21 July, 63. Trans. to V. R. C., 8 Feb., 64.

Cook, George, Cap. Boston. Enrd. 1 Oct., 61. Comm. revok. 8
Nov., 61. See p. 9.

Cook, Lyman. Co. E, 44. Mendon. Carpr. Enrd. 9 Aug., ’62.
Detld. Carpr. ‘62. Disch. fordis. 14 Aug., ’63.

Cook, James T. Co. G, 22. Prov., R. I. Barber. Mard. Enrd. 8
Feb., 65. Disch. end of war.

Cook, Jeremiah. Co. F, 35. Dnavrs. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 8 Oct., ’61.
Disch. for dis. 25 Sept., ’62.

Cook, Joseph S. 2nd Lt. Chelsea. Enrd. 8 Oct., 61. Comm. revok.
8 Nov., ’61.

Cook, Joshua. Co. E, 37. Abington. Butcher. Mard. Enrd. 1 Aug.,
62. Q.M. Dep., 64. Disch. exp. ofserv.

Cook, William H. Co. I, 21. Nbpt. Cabinet maker. Sing. Emrd. 10
Oct., 61. Disch. for dis. 27 Oct., '62.

Cook, William L. Co. F, 17. Salem. Student. Sing. Enrd. 9 Oct.,
61. Disch. for dis. 13 Oct., 62. Died, 10 Dec., ’72, at Salem.

Copeland, George A. Co. A, 18. Salem. Clerk. Sing. Co. A, 50th
M. V. M., 9 mos. serv. Enrd. 23 Feb., 64. Disch. end of war,
Maj. M. V. M. 84.

Coughlin, Patrick. Co. I, 41. Ipswich. Labor. Mard. Enrd. 5 Oct.,
61. Disch. for dis. 14 Apl., 62. Buried in Salem.

Cowing, Edward P. Co. D, 28, b. Rochester, Mass. Marion. Carpr.
Sing. Enrd. 23 Sept., 61. Corp. 27 July, 62. Reend. Commd.
2nd Lt. 1 June, ’65. Disch. as Serg. end of war. Dead. Seep.
219.

Cox, John Hosmer, b. Freedom, Me., 3 Dec., ’48. New Sharon, Me.
Farm. Sing. Enrd. 5 Jan., 64. Disch. end of war. Athol,
Mass. Pastor of Baptist Church.

Cram, Moses F. Co. H, 22. Shirley. Mechanic. Sing. Enrd. 18
Sept., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Crampsey, Israel. Co. G, 18. Bevly. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 20 Sept.,
61. Reend. Disch. end of war.

Creasey, William J. 1st. Lt. Co. 1, 39. Nbpt. Painter. Mard. Enrd.
11 Sept., 61. Res. 24 July, ’62.

Creesy, Benjamin, 3d. Co.G.26. Bevly. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 20 Sept.,
61. Reend. Disch. end of war.

18
274 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Cressey, Albert T. Co. A, 18. Danvers. Farmer. Sing. Enrd. 28
July, 62. Reend. Detld. at Brig.Q. M., ’65. Disch. end of war.

Cressey, Thomas Bradstreet. Co. I, b. 16 Oct., 1804. Rowley.
Farm. Mard. Enrd. 9 Oct., 61. Trans. to V. R. C. 27 Apl.,
64. Reend. in V. R. C. 28 Nov., 64. Disch. 15 Nov., ’65.

Crocker, Josiah M. Co. F, b. 29 June, 42. Salem. Currier. Sing.
Enrd. 9 Oct., 61. Corp. Wd.C.H. Disch. exp. of serv. See
p- 219.

Crockett, George H. Corp. Co. C, 23. Glouc. Carpr. Sing. Enrd.
20 Sept., 61. Died 26 April ’62, N. Bne.

Crombie, Enoch. Co.G,18. Manchester. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 15 Feb.,
64. Disch. end of war.

Cromett, John E. Co. B, 21,b. Union, Me. Mhead. Mar. Sing,
Enrd. 7 Aug.,’62. Reend. Wd. Dys. Bff. Died of wds., 23 May,
64, Hampton, Va. Bd. there. No. 1690. See p. 195.

Cromitt, Henry A. Co.H. Clinton. Hostler. Sing. Enrd. 12 Sept.,’61.

Crooker, Marshall. Co. I, 27,b. W. Minot, Me. Lynnfield. Cordr.
Enrd. 30 Oct., 61. Reend. Corp. Killed 16 May, ’64, Dys. Bf.
See p. 42-6, 195.

‘Crosby, John F. Co. D, 19, b. Leominster. Boston. Clerk. Sing.
Enrd. 8 Aug., 62. Reend. Wd. Dys. Bff. and Kinston, ’65.
Died 22 April, 65. See p. 195, 246.

‘Cross, William H. Co. C, 21, b. Salem. Glouc. Sail maker. Sing.
Enrd. 22 July, 62. Reend. Hosp. Att., 64-5. Disch. O. W. D.
end of war.

‘Crotty, John, 34. Unassd. Roxbury. Enrd. 31 May, ’62. Ttfans.
to 35th Inf.

‘Crotty, Patrick. Co. I, 40. Watertown. Labor. Mard. Enrd. 10
Oct., 61. Wd. Whall. Disch. for dis. 7 May. ’63. See p. 128.

Cunningham, John. Co. I, 19, b. Cape Breton, N.S. Glouc. Mar.
Sing. Enrd. 28 July, 62. Reend. as mus. Killed, 16 May, ’64.
Dys. Bff. See p. 195.

‘Cummins, Edward. Co. F, 18. Topsfield. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 16
Oct., 61. Wd.N.Bne. Disch. for dis. 4 Oct., 62. See p. 69.

Cummings, Edward Payson. Ap. Surgeon. b. at Stratham, N. H., 19
May, ’25. Exeter. Physician. Mard. Was A. A. Surg. in U. S.
Navy early in war. Enrd. 4 July, ’63. Disch. end of war. Died,
Nbpt., 8 April, ’78. See pp. 99, 147.

Cummings, William C. Co. A, 29, b. Salem. Jamaica Plains. Carpr.
Sing. Enrd.30Aug.,’61. Guncrew. Serg., 19 Nov.,’62. Reend.
Wad. Pog. 2nd Lt.2 June, ’65. Disch. as Serg. end of war. See
pp. 67, 229.

Curlin, Michael. Co. H, 19. Boston. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 28 May,
62. Wd. Whall. Disch. for dis. 28 May, 68. See p. 128.
THE ROSTER. 275

Curtis, Charles H. Co. K, 18, b. Concord, Mass. BE. Cambridge.
Clerk. Enrd. 11 Nov., ’61. Wd. N.Bne. Reend. Disch. 0. W.
D., 11 July, 65. See p. 70.

Curtis, Levi H. Co. B, 38. S. Dnvrs. Farm. Mard. Enrd. 2 Oct.,
61. Corp. 14 Aug. ’62. Disch. exp. of serv.

Cuthbertson, Hugh. Co. B, 43. Tapleyville, Dnvrs. Enrd. 14 Nov.,
61. Wd. 14 Mch., ’62. Disch. for dis. 26 Oct.,’62. See p. 69.

D

Dalton, John J. Co. G, 19, b. Delgany, Ire’d. Bevly. Farm. Sing.
Enrd. 20 Sept., 61. Reend. Corp. 19 Jan., 65. Disch. end of
war.

Daly, John. Co. H, 18. Harvard. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 2 Oct., ’61.
Corp. 10 Nov., 63. Disch. exp. of serv.

Dame, John A. Co. H, 25. Glouc. Enrd. 4 Dec., ’61. Trans. to
V.R. C., 8 Feb., ’64.

Danforth, George A. Co. G, 32. Middleton. Farm. Mard. Enrd. 23
Sept., 61. Pris. Dys. Bff. Died Andville., 17 Aug., 64. Ba.
there. No. 6866. See p. 196.

Daniels, Judson W. Co. D, 24. Geneva, Ill. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 11
June, 62. Reend. Detld. Amb. and Hosp. Disch. end of war.

Daniels, William F. Co. F, 18. Salem. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 22 Oct.,
61. Corp. 8 Sept., 62. Serg. 1 March, 63. Ist Serg. and Serg.
Maj. in ’63 and ’64. Disch. exp. of serv.

Darcy, William. Co. I, 22. Glouc. Fisherman. Mard. Enrd. 28 July,
62. Disch. exp. of term. Died in Glouc.

Davenport, Edward Little. 4th. Serg., Co. I, b. Boston, 17 March,
38. Nbpt. Printer. Sing. Co. I, 20th Penn. Vol. Inf., 3 mos.
serv. Enrd. 11 Sept., 61. Detld. printer in N. Bne. Wd. Dys.
Bff. Ag. 1st Serg. Disch. exp. ofserv. Died 25 Feb., 84. See
pp. 80-1-2, 195.

Davis, Charles A. Corp. Co. D, 21. N. Bdfd. Clerk. Sing. Enurd. 6
Oct., ’61. Disch. for prom. 5 July, 62, to U.S.N. Add. Sa-
vannah, Ga.

Davis, Charles H. Unassd. 83. Boston. Enrd. 14 Des. 15 July ’62.

Davis, Charles W. Corp. Co. F, 32. Co. A, 5th M. V. M., 3 mos.
serv. Salem. Carpr. Sing. Enrd. 6 Oct., 61. Serg. Disch.
exp. of serv. Died 1 Nov., ’64, at Salem.

Davis, Francis E. Corp. Co. E, 25. Plymth. Nailer. Sing. Enrd. 21
Sept., 61. Trans. to V. R. C. 27 April, 64. Disch. exp. of term.

Davis, John H. Co. C, 28, b. Waterville, Me. Glouc. Teamster. Sing.
Enrd. 1 Sept., 61. Reend. Detld.in Pro. Mar. Dept. N. Bne.,
Oct., 64. Died 6 Nov., 64, N. Bne. Bd. there. No. 1532. See
p. 235.
276 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Davis, John J. Co. H, 25. Glouc. Enrd. 29 Nov., ’61. Disch. for
dis. 13 May, ’62.

Davis, Jonathan N. Co. B, 39. Mhead. Farm. Mard. Enrd. 21 Oct.,
61. Disch. for dis. 11 May, ’63.

Davis, Thomas D. Co. G, b. 3 July, ’22. Farmington, N. H. Bevly.
Teamer. Mard. Enrd. 8 Oct.,’61. Corp. 18 Feb., 63. Reend.
Pris. Dys. Bff. Paroled. Disch. O. W. D. 30 May, ’65. See pp.
192-6.

Davis, William G. 4th. Serg. Co. D, 22, b. Westport, Mass. N. Bdfd.
Labor. Sing. Co. L, 8rd M. V. M., 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 19 Sept.,
61. Reend. 1st Serg. 2 Dec., 68. Commd., 1st Lt. and Capt.
14 Oct., 64. Disch. as lst. Serg. end of war. 45 North St.,
N. Bdfd.

Davison, Thomas. Unassd. 21. Boston. Enrd. 2 Aug., 62. Des.
8 Aug., 62.

Day, Abraham, Jr. Co.C,24. Glouc. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 22 July, ’62.
Pris. and wd. Dys. Bff. Died of wd. 31 May, ’64, Richmond, Va.
See p. 195.

Day, Charles. Co. C, 26. Glouc. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 28 Oct., ’61.
Wd. N.Bne. Disch. for dis. 5 April, 63. Reend. in same Co.
24 Feb., 64. Wd. C.H. Died of wd. 20 June, ’64, Alexandria.
See pp. 69, 218.

Day, GeorgeE. Co.C,23. Glouc. Fisherman. Mard. Enrd. 22 July,
62. Reend. Disch. end of war.

Day, Frank M. Co. K,35. Lynn. Teamster. Sing. Enrd. 1 Oct., 61.
Asst. Co. Wagoner. Disch. exp. of serv.

Dean, Thomas S. Co. D, 21. N. Bdfd. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 25 Sept.,
61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Deeds, Charles. Co. I. Holliston. Labor. Mard. Enrd. 16 Sept.,
61. Disch. for dis. 16 March, ’63.

Deland, Benjamin F. Co. A, 25, b. Duvrs. Topsfield. Cordr. Sing.
Enrd. 80 Aug.,’61. Reend. Disch. end of war.

Delano, Alonzo. Cp. H, b. Randolph, Mass., 21 May, ’45. Boston.
Farm. Sing. Enrd. 15 July, 62. Wd. Whall. Reend. Disch. end
of war. Haverhill, Mass. See p. 128.

Delano, Henry A. Co. C, 21. Glouc. Mar. Mard. Enurd. 30 Dec., ’63.
Pris. Dys. Bff. Paroled 10 Dec., 64. Disch. end of war. See p.
196.

Dennis, Charles R. Co. G, 24, b. Manchester. Bevly. Mar. Sing.
Enrd. 9 Oct., 61. Corp. 1 Sept., 62. Serg. 6 Nov., 638. Reend.
Pris. Dys. Bff. Died Andville., Sept., 64. See p. 196.

Dennis, John J. Co. B, 18. Bevly. Cordr. Sing. Enurd. 15 Feb., ’64.
Disch. end of war.

Denny, James G. Co. A. Glouc. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 10 Sept., ’61.
Detld. as machinist. Disch. exp. of serv.
THE ROSTER. 277

Derby, Charles N. Co. H, 21, b. Keene, N. H. Boston. Mechanic.
Sing. Enrd. 31 July, 62. Reend. Disch. end of war.

Derby, George. Surgeon, b. Salem, 13 Feb., 19. Boston. Physician.
Sing. Enrd. 5 Oct., 61. A. Surg. U.S. V.18 May, 64. Surg.
U.S. V. 30 June, ’64. Bvt. Lt. Col. 13 March, ’65. Disch. end
of war. Died 20 June, ’74. See pp. 33, 39, 52, 83-6, 96, 105, 109,
154, 167, 250.

Derby, Perley. Co. F, 88. Salem. Dentist. Mard. Enrd. 28 July, ’62.
Disch. for dis. 7 Aug., ’63.

Derby, Putnam T. 2nd Serg., Co. F, 25. Salem. Tin worker. Sing.
Co. J, 8th M. V. M., 3 mos. serv. Enurd.5 Oct., 61. Disch. for
prom. 30 March, ’63, to Capt. U.S.C. T. See p. 139.

De Vries, Henry. Co. C, 32. Glouc. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 1 Aug. ’62.
Disch. exp. of serv.

Dickinson, Elmer F. Co. H, 21. Boston. Carpr. Sing. Enrd. 28 July,
62. Corp. Wd. Dys. Bff. Died of wd. 17 June, 64, New York.
See p. 195.

Dickinson, James W. Co. H, 18. Malden. Carpr. Sing. Enrd. 31
July, 62. Wd. Whall. Disch. for dis. 28 May, 63. See p. 128.

Dinn, Martin. Co. H, 24. Boston. Bsmith. Mard. Enrd. 12 Sept.,
°61. Dropped from ranks in Boston and died in hosp. there.

Doble, Francis M. 1st Serg. Co. I, 22. Boston. Clerk. Sing. Serg.
Co. C, 3rd M. V.M., 3 mos. serv. Enrd.5 Sept., 61. 2nd Lt. 2
Nov., 62. 1st Lt. 5 May, ’63. Commd. Capt. 20 Sept., 64. A.
Ord. Off., 64. Wd. Kinston, ’65. Disch. as lst Lt. end of war.
See pp. 9, 234, 246.

Dodge, Alonzo Pierce. 5th Serg., Co. G, b. Topsfield, 2 Jan., 38.
Dnvrs. Butcher. Sing. Co. E, 8th M. V. M., 3 mos. serv. Enrd.
9 Sept., 61. Reg. P.M. Reend. Serg. of Pioneers. Jailer in
N. Bne. 64. Commd. 2nd Lt., 2 June, 65. Disch. as Serg. end
of war. See p. 146.

Dodge, Andrew, 2nd. Co. F,b. 4 Oct., 43. Wenham. Cordr. Sing.
Enrd. 4 Aug., 62. Won medal 1 Jan., ’64. Disch. exp. of serv.
See p. 156.

Dodge, Eben P. Co. A, 18. Salem. Expressman. Sing. Enrd. 17 Feb.,
764. Disch. end of war.

Dodge, Francis S. Co. F, b. 11 Sept., 42. Dnvrs. Farm. Sing.
Enrd. 9 Oct.,’61. Corp. Disch. for prom. 19 Dec., ’63, to 1st Lt. 1st
U.S.C. Cav. Capt. 2nd U. S. C. Cav. 6 July, 65. Disch. with
regt. end of war. Maj. and Pay-master U.S. A., San Antonio,
Tex. Seep. 162.

Dodge, George Augustus. Co. F, b. Mch., 42. Wenham. Farm.
Sing. Enrd. 28 July, 62. Reg. Post Master. Disch. exp. of serv.
Mard. One dau. Died Dec., ’79.
278 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Dodge, James. Corp. Co. G, 28. Bevly. Teamer. Mard. Enrd. 9
Sept., 61. Wd. N. Bne. Disch. for dis. 28 May, ’63. See p.
69.

Dodge, John T. Co. A, 26. Hamilton. Farm. Mard. Enrd. 10 Oct.,
61. Div. Teamster, 64. Disch. exp. of serv.

Dodge, Joseph W. Co. F, 37. Hamilton. Mason. Mard. Enrd. 31
Dec., 63. Hosp. cook. Disch. exp. of serv.

Dollard, Robert. 3rd Serg. Co. E, b. 14 Mch., ’42, Fall River, Mass.
Easton. Moulder. Sing. Co. B, 4th M. V.M., 3 mos.serv. Serg.,
Nov., ’61. 1st Serg., May, 62. 2nd Lt., Dec., 62. Disch. for
prom. to Capt., Co. D, 2nd U.S. C. Cav., 14 Dec., 63. Major 29
Sept., 64. ‘The last prem. for great personal bravery, coolness
and ability, until he fell severely wounded near the enemy’s main
line.” Wd. at New Market Heights. Disch. end of war. Pension
$20. Solicitor. Scotland, Bon Homme Co., Dakota. See pp. 29,
30, 125-62.

Donagan, Maurice. Unassd. 35. Melrose. Labor. Sing. Enrd. 6
June, 62. Des. 11 June, ’62.

Donnovan, Dennis. Co. C, 18, b. Cork Co. Manchester. Farm. Sing.
Enrd. 15 Sept., 61. Wd. Whall. Reend. Disch. end of war. See
p. 128.

Donovan, Patrick. Co. B, 29. Middleton. Labor. Mard. Enrd. 21
Oct., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Doten, Edward W. Co. C, 36. Glouc. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 18 Jan.,
65. Disch. end of war.

Dow, Charles H. Co. I, b. Salisbury, 18. Ipswich. Cordr. Sing.
Reend. Killed C. H. 3 June, 64. See p. 218.

Dow, Charles M. Co. F, 18. So. Reading. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 10
Oct., 61. Died 4 June, 63, Carolina City, N.C. Bd. N. Bne. No.
1726.

Dow, John E. Co. G, 29. Bevly. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 20 Sept., ’61.
Disch. exp. of serv.

Drew, Josiah R. Ist Serg., Co. E, 22. Plymth. Printer. Mard. Enrd.
21 Sept., 61. 2nd Lt. 6 May, ’62. 1st Lt. 29 Dec., 62. Res. 13
Dec., 63. Ag. Adj., 21 Feb., ’63.

Driver, George H. S. Co. F, b. at Salem, 4 Feb., 42. Dnvrs. Clerk.
Sing. U. D.C. Enrd. 7 Oct., ’61. Detld. Commy. on High-
lander. Disch. for dis. 28 Sept., ’62.

Driver, Stephen P. Q. M. Serg., 31. Salem. Shoe manufacturer.
Mard. U. D.C. Enrd. 8 Oct., 61.  Disch. for dis. 24 Jan., 63.
See pp. 39, 105, 189.

Druhan, Nicholas. Co. A, 18. Mhead. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 15 Sept.,
61. Corp. 12 Aug., 62, Wd. Whall. Disch. for dis. 22 June, ’63.
See p. 127.
THE ROSTER. 279

Dudley, Charles. Co. F. Claremont, N. H. Forger. Mard. Enrd. 8
Feb., 64. Pris. Dys. Bff. Paroled Jan.,’65. Disch. exp. of serv.
See p. 196.
Dudley, George Warren. Co. F, b. N. Troy, Vt., 10 Apr., 46. Salem.
Farm. Sing. Enrd.19 July, 62. Disch. for dis. 14 Aug., ’63.
Dudley, John S. Co. F, 24. Topsfield. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 12 Oct.,
61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Dugan, James. Co. G, 24. Bucks Co., Pa. Cabinet maker. Sing.
Enrd. 23 Dec., ’64.

Duncalf, John. Co. H. Boston.

Dunham, George H. Co. E, 19. Plymth. Mason. Sing. Enrd. 21
Sept., 61. Reend. Wd.C.H. Disch. end of war. See p. 219.

Duntley, George. Co. B, 33. Lynn. Painter. Mard. Enrd. 30 Oct.,
61. Disch. for dis. 1 Dec., 62.

Dupee, Antoine. Co. G, 18. Bevly. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 22 Sept., 61.
Trans. 13 Jan., ’68, to 8rd N. Y. Cav.

Durgin, Benjamin F. Wagoner. Co. A, 28. Bevly. Mechanic. Mard.
Enrd. 25 Aug., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Dustin, John K., Jr. Co. C, 19. Glouc. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 20 Sept.,
61. Detld. in Hosp. ’63. Trans. to V.R. C. 8 Feb., ’64.

Dutcher, William W. 3rd. Serg. Co. B, b. Granville, N.Y. Mhead.
Cordr. Mard. Co. C, 8th M. V. M.,3 mos. serv. Enrd. 2 Sept.,
61. Reend. Ist Serg. 2 Dec., 68. Commd. Ist Lt. 14 Oct., ’64.
Disch. as Serg. end of war.

E

Early, William F. Corp. Co. G, b. Kentville, N. S., 3 Dec., °32.
Bevly. Cabinet maker. Mard. Enrd. 9 Sept., 61. Serg. 1 Sept.,
62. Disch. for dis. 13 Jan., 63. Reend. 15 Feb., ’64. Wd. Pbg.
Disch. end of war. See p. 229.

Eastey, Solomon W. Co. B, 44. Middleton. Tanner and currier.
Sing. Enrd. 5 Nov., ’61. Died 27 Oct., ’64, Bristol, Penn. Bd.
Whitehall, Pa. No. 27.

Eaton, Joseph. Co. H, 38. Boston. Painter. Sing. Enrd. 9 Oct., ’61.
Pris. Stmr. Fawn. Disch. exp. of serv. See p. 230.

Eaton, William O. Co. H, 23. Clinton. Carpr. Mard. Enrd. 7 Sept.,
61. Disch. for dis. 14 Aug., 63.

Edgerly, Charles E. Co. F. Salem. Tinman. Sing. Enrd. 11 Oct.,
61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Edgett, Isaac H. Corp. Co. A, 23. Bevly. Cabinet maker. Sing,
Enrd. 1 Sept., 61. Serg. 12 Aug., 62. Serg. Maj. 12 Jan., ’63.
Wd. Whall. 16 Dec.,’62. 2nd Lt.1 July, ’63. Ist Lt. 20 Mch., 64.
A. A. D.C. on brig. Staff, June, 64. Wd. C. H. 3 June, 64.
Commdg. Co. H. A. Reg. Adj. Sept., ’64. Adj. 29 Dec., ’64-
Commd. Capt. 14 Oct.,’64. Disch. as lst Lt. endof war. See pp.
127, 187-8, 218, 234-9.
280 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Edwards, George. Co. K, 19. Salem. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 15 Oct.,
61. Reend. Corp. Disch. end of war.

Eldred, Lorenzo W. Co. E,18. Lynn. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 15 Oct.,
61. Killed Palmer’s Creek 14 May, ’64.

Eldridge, Elisha, Jun. Corp. Co. I, 22, b. Bucksport, Me. Nbpt.
Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 20 Sept., ’61. Reend. as Ist Sergt. Wd.
Arrd. Ch. Disch. O. W. D. 10 Dec., 64. See p. 179.

Eldridge, Peter V. Co. D, 18, b. Prov., R. I. Wareham. Mar. Sing.
Enrd. 10 Oct., 61. Reend. Wd.Pbg. Disch. for dis. 8 July, ’65.

Elliott, Charles, 2nd. Co. G, 30. Bevly. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 29
Feb., 64. Pris. Dys. Bff. Died, Charleston, S. C., Sept., ’64.
See p. 196.

Elliott, Israel, Jr. Co. G, 21. Bevly. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 29 Feb.,
64. Pris. Dys. Bff. Died, Charleston, S. C., 12 Sept., 64. See
p. 196.

Elliot, William. Co. I, 33. Glouc. Fishman. Mard. Enrd. 28 July,
°62. Disch. exp. of serv.

Ellis, Edward E. Co. K, b. Medway, 1 Oct., 23. Medfield. Bsmith.
Mard. Enrd. 25 Sept., 61. Corp. 18 Aug., 62. Disch. exp. of
serv. 21 Hawkins St., Boston.

Ellis, John. Co. G. 21. So. Dnvrs. Laborer. Enrd. 7 July, 64. Pris.
Pbg. 24 Aug., 64. Seep. 229.

Ellison, Albert C. Co. F, b. Chester, Vt., 17 July, ’41. Belmont.
Farm. Sing. Enrd.10July,’62. Wd. Whall. Reend. Wd.C.H.
Disch. end of war. Holyoke, Mass. See pp. 128, 219.

Elwell, Andrew. Major, 43. Glouc. Clothier. Mard. Enrd. 24 Oct.,
61. Lt. Col. 15 Mch., 62. Col. 26 Nov., ’62. Disch. exp. of serv.
See pp. 87-9, 106-63, 207.

Emerson, George. Co. K, 33. Charlestown. Cabinet maker. Sing.
Enrd. 14 Oct., 61. Pris. on Stmr. Fawn. Died 14 Dec., ’64, »al-
isbury, N. C. Bd. there. Seep. 230.

Emilio, Luis Fenollosa. Co. F, b. 22 Dec., ’44. Salem. Student. Sing.
U. D.C. Enrd.19 Oct., 61. Corp. 22 Aug., 62. Serg. 1 Sept.,
62. Disch. for prom. 27 Feb., 63, 2nd Lt. 54th Mass. Infy. Capt.
23 May, ’63. Disch. exp. of serv. N.Y. City. See p. 139.

Emmerson, James O. Co. F, 18. Boston. Upholsterer. Sing. Enrd.
80 Oct., 61. Disch. for dis. 15 April, "62.

Emmerton, Charles Silsbee. 1st Lt. Co. A, b. 28 Jan., 43. Salem.
-Clerk. Sing. Serg. Co. J, 8th M. V. M., 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 20
Aug., 61. 1st Lt. 8th Oct., 61. Reg. Adj. 18 Mch.,’62. Detchd.
A.A. D.C. on Staff of Gen. Heckman 8 Dec., ’62, and with Gen.
Stannard till disch. exp. of term. Wd.C.H. Enrd. 2nd Lt., 62nd
M. V. I. not mustd. See pp. 2, 77, 89, 186, 209, 218.

Emmerton, George Robinson. 2nd Lt. Co. F, b. 9 Feb., 36. Salem.
Merchant. Sing. 4th Lt. U. D.C. Enrd. 1 Oct., ’61. Prom. 24
THE ROSTER. 281

July, ’62, to 1st Lt. not mustered. Disch. for dis. 7 Aug., ’62.
Mard. Two daus. See pp. 5, 88-9, 101.

Emmerton, James Arthur. Corp. Co. F, b. 28 Aug., 84. Salem. Phy-
sician. Sing. U. D.C. Enrd. 1 Oct.,’61. Guncrew. Asst. Surg.
31 July, 62. Disch. for prom. 27 May, ’64. Surg. 2nd Mass.
Hy. Arty. Disch. end of war. See pp. 41, 67, 79, 99, 217.

Entwistle, Thomas. Co.D,35. Salem. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 14 July,
62. Disch. for dis. 7 May, ’63.

Estee, Jacob Gates. Co. A, b. 6 Nov., 44. Charlestown. Mechanic.
Sing. Enrd. 10 Sept., 61. Disch. exp. of serv. Mard. Two daus.

Estes, Charles W. Co. I, 28. Boston. Mill-hand. Enrd. 9 Dec., ’61.
Disch. exp. of serv.

Estes, John G. Co. B,24. So. Dnvrs. Moroc. dresser. Sing. Co. H,
5th M. V. M., 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 23 Sept., 61. Disch. exp. of
serv.

Estes, Joseph. Co. K, 44. Mansfield. Farm. Mard. Enrd. 27 Sept.,
61. Disch. for dis. 9 Mch., ’63.

Estey, Lemuel F. Co. B, 18. Middleton. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 17 Sept.,
61. On gun-crew. Died 22 April, 62, N.Bne. See pp. 41, 67.

Evans, Charles A. Co. K, 23. So. Reading. Mason. Sing. Enrd. 7
Aug., 62. Disch. exp. of serv.

Evans, Eben. Co.I, 20. Ipswich. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 28 Sept., ’61.
Disch. exp. of serv.

Evans, Henry B. Co. A, b. London, Eng., 11 July,’39. Boston. Mar.
Mard. Enrd. 1 Sept., 61. Detld. on ‘‘Zouave.” Pris. on Stmr.
Fawn. Par. Dec., 64. Disch. 28 Feb., 65. Pens. $32 per ann.
See pp. 230-2.

Everett, Samuel H. Ist Serg. Co. C, 37. Glouc. Mar. Mard. Enrd.
1 Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. as Serg. 26 July, ’62.

Eustis, William S. Co. B, 30. Enrd. 25 Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 19
Sept., 63. Killed on Railroad, 25 Dec., ’69.

EF

Fairbanks, Edward E. 4th Serg. Co. H, 21. Stafford Springs, Conn.
-B’smith. Sing. Enrd.1 Sept., 61. Died N. Bne. 23 April, ’62.
Fairbanks, Oblin S. Co. I, 22. Holliston. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 23

Sept., ’61. Disch. for dis. 20 Oct., 62.

Fairfield, Moses. Co. B, b. Salem, 15 Jan., 1808. Middleton. Cordr.
Mard. Enrd. 14 Oct., ’61. Disch. for dis. 8 July, ’62. Died 10
May, ’83, Alma, Kansas.

Fairfield, Wendell L. Co. B,18. Middleton. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 25
Oct., 61. Disch. for dis. 18 Feb., ’62.

Falcke, Samuel. Co. E, 34. Boston. Gilder. Sing. Enrd. 24 July, 62
Disch. exp. of serv.
282 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Fales, William H. Corp. Co. K, 21. Foxboro’. Clerk. Mard. Co. F,
4th M. V. M., 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 1 Sept., 61. Detld. Sig. Corp.
26 Dec., 61. Disch. for dis. 26 Mch., 63. See pp. 239-40.

Falls, Alonzo. Corp. Co. I, 27. Salisbury. Carpr. Mard. Enrd. 3
Oct., 61. Disch. for prom. 9 Mch., 63. Hosp. Steward U. S. A.

Farley, James H. Co. F, 21. Salem. Cooper. Sing. Enrd. 14 Oct.,
61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Farnum, George H., 21. Hosp. Steward. Haverhill. Apothecary. Sing.
Enrd. Co. E, 7 Dec., 61. Hosp. Stew. 11 Dec., 61. Died 5 April,
62, Rke. Island.

Farnsworth, Jerome, Jr. Co. H, 18. Harvard. Laborer. Sing. Enrd.
7 Aug., 62. Disch. for dis. 13 Oct., ’63.

Favor, Daniel M. Co. C, b. 20 June, ’42. Glouc. Carpr. Sing. Enrd.
5 Oct., 61. Life saved by Testament in pocket at Rke. Disch.
for dis. 22 Sept., 62. Reend. 25 Mch., 63, Co. I, 59th M. V. I.
Trans. 17 Oct., ’64, to V. R. C.

Feid, George. Co. E. Plymth. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 21 Sept., ’61.
Claimed to have been wounded at Waterloo. Disch. for dis. 15
April, 62.

Felch, William H. Co. A,19. Nbpt. Baker. Sing. Co. A, 8th M. V.
M., 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 23 Aug., 61. Disch. for dis. 28 July, ’62.

Ferguson, Alfred W. Co.G,21. Bevly. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 20 Sept.,
61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Fernald, Charles G. Co. G, 19. Elliot, Me. Bevly. Farm. Sing. Enrd.
20 Sept., 61. Corp. 22 Oct.,’62. Pris. Dys. Bff. Died, Andville.,
29 Aug., 64. Bd. there. No. 7154. See pp. 189-96.

Field, Charles. Co. F, 46. Dnvrs. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 8 Oct., ’61.
Disch. for dis. 8 July, ’62.

Finney, Walter H. Co. E. Plymth. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 21 Sept., ’61.
Corp. 24 Sept., 62. Disch. for dis. 16 Dec. (63? ).

Finton, Patrick. Co. B. Lowell. Sing. Enrd. 21 Oct., 61. Wd.

_ N.Bne. Disch. for dis. 8 July, 62. See p. 69.

Fischer, William F. Co. F, b. Stuttgardt, Wurtemberg, 5 Oct., ’35.
Salem. Tailor. Sing. U. D.C. Enrd. 1 Oct., 61. Corp. Jan., ’64.
Disch. exp. of serv. Mard.

Fish, Charles W. Unassd. Salem. Enrd. 15 Feb.,’65. Died, Salem,
30 Sept., ’65.

Fisher, Charles F. Co. D, 18. Nantucket. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 3 Mch.,
65. Disch. end of war.

Fisher, George Augustine. 2nd Lt. Co. A, b. 22 June, ’37. Salem.
Stationer. Mard. U. D.C. Enrd. 20 Aug.,’61. Wd.N.Bne. Ist
Lt. 15 Mch., 62. Detchd. for duty on Sig. Corps. 20 Feb., ’63.
Did duty at Camp of Instruction and in the field. Was A. A. Q. M.
Disch. for appt. as Ist Lt. on Corps, 6 Oct., ’63. - Capt. of Vol-
THE ROSTER. 283

unteers by Brevet, from 13 Mch., 65. Disch. end of war. Is Maj.
and Brig. Q. M. 2nd Brig. Cal. V. M., San Francisco. See pp. 69,
239-40.

Fisher, Frederic. Co. I, 88. Glouc. Bsmith. Mard. Enrd. 7 Aug.,
‘62. Disch. exp. of serv.

Fisher, Isaac C. Co. D, 23. N. Bdfd. Stucco worker. Sing. Enrd.
20 Sept., 61. Cook Reg. Hd. Qrs. Disch. exp. of serv. Killed
by accid.

Fisher, William H. Co. D, 27. N. Bdfd. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 20 Sept.,
61. Corp. 12 Oct., 62. Disch. exp. of serv.

Flavahan, David. Co. K, 24, Waterford Co., Ired. Foxboro’. Moulder.
Mard. Enrd. 11 Sept., 61. Reend. Pioneer ’64-5. Disch. end of
war.

Fletcher, David. Co.1I,34. Boston. Plasterer. Mard. Enrd. 29 July,
"62. Killed Whall. 16 Dec., 62. Seep. 127.

Flint, Samuel. Co. C, b. Peabody, 2 April, 10. Lynn. Carpr. Mard.
Enrd. 1 Sept., 61. Wd. N. Bne. Disch. for dis. 16 Aug., ’62.
See p. 69.

Flood, Patrick. Co. K, 18, Charlestown. Walpole. Farm. Sing. Enrd.
28 July, ’62. Wd. Whall. Reend. Disch. end of war. See p.
128.

Floyd, Charles J. P. Co. F, b. Nbpt. 16 April, ’29. Topsfield. Cordr.
Mard. Enrd. 23 Oct., 61. Disch. for dis. 1 Aug., ’63. Mard.
Two sons, two daus.

Floyd, Joel G. Co. A,21. Charlestown. Brass finisher. Sing. Enrd.
10 Sept., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Floyd, Joseph M. Co. G, 27. Bevly. Cabinet maker. Mard. Enrd.
14 Oct., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Flynn, John. Co. G. Roxbury. Laborer. Sing. Enrd. 5 Jan., 65.
Disch. end of war.

Flynn, Patrick. Co. F,18. Boston. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 15 Feb., ’65.
Disch. exp. of serv.

Flynn, Thomas. Co, B, 30. Salem. Laborer. Mard. Enrd. 12 Oct.,
61. Wd. Dys. Bff. Disch. exp. of serv. See p. 195.

Fogg, William. Co. K, 24. Waltham. Watchmaker. Mard. Enrd.7
Oct., 61. Disch. for dis. 9 May, ’63.

Foley, Timothy. Co. A, b. Ireland, 14 Sept., *44. So. Dnvrs.
Bleacher. Sing. Enrd. 23 June, 62. Guard at Col’d Hosp.,
N. Bne., Oct., 63. Disch. exp. of serv. Enrd. 19 Dec., ’65, for
three yrs. in Reg. Army.

Forbes, Henry. Co. I, 23. Ipswich. Farm. Mard. Enrd. 1 Oct., ’61.
Disch. exp. of serv.

Ford, Thomas. Mus., Co. K, 15. N.Bne., N.C. Enrd. 30 June, ’62.
Des. 6 Jan., ’63.
284 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF. |

Forness, William L. Co. K, 22. Salem. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 27 May,
°62. Disch. for dis. 18 Sept., ’62.

Forrest, John. Co. F, 28. Acton. Gas fitter. Sing. Enrd. 23 Nov.,
64. Wd. Kinston. Disch. exp. of serv. See p. 246.

Foss, John C. Co. I, b. Lynn, 8 Mch., '47. Byfield. Cordr. Sing.
Enrd. 22 Sept., 61. Wd.N Bne. Corp. 27 Mch., ’64. Disch.
exp. of serv. See p. 70.

Foss, John L. Co. A, 25, b. Bucksport, Me. No. Sandwich, N. H.
Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 10 Oct., 61. Gun-crew. Corp. 23 May, ’63.
Reend. Disch. O. W. D. 25 June, ’65. See pp. 42-6, 67.

Foster, Robert F. Co. C, 31. Boston. Printer. Sing. Enrd.1 Sept.,
*61. Disch. cxp. of serv.

Foster, Walter C. 25. Ipsh. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 15 Oct., ’61. Disch.
for dis. 30 Sept., 62.

Fowler, Philip M. 4th Serg. Co. F. Salem. Tailor. Mard. U. D.C.
Enrd. 1 Oct., ’61. Disch. for prom. Capt. U. S. C. T., 30 Mch.,’63.
See p. 139.

Fowler, William T. Corp. Co. A, 35. Salem. Turner. Mard. Co. J,
8th M. V. M., 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 26 Aug., 61. Serg. 12 Aug.,
62. Killed Whall. 16 Dec., 62. See pp. 127-8.

Fox, Charles. Co. I, 21. Boston. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 10 Oct., ’61.
Reend, Pris. Stmr. Fawn. Severely wd. Disch. from hosp.,
Worcester, Mass., 17 June, ’65. See pp. 230-1.

Freeman, Isaac. Co. G, 35. (Brewster?). Cordr. Enrd. 2 Jan., ’64.
Rej. 9 Feb., ’64.

French, CharlesL. 2nd Serg. Co. E,26. Abington. Mechanic. Mard.
Enrd. 21 Sept., 61. 1st Serg. 1 Jan., 63. Killed C. H. 3 June, ’64.
See p. 218.

French, John H. Co. D, 29. N. Bdfd. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 26 Jan.,
64. Detid. Co. Tailor, 65. Disch. end of war.

Friend, Charles, 2nd. 4th Serg. Co. G, 28. Bevly. Tinman. Wid.
Enrd. 9 Sept., 61. Disch. exp. of serv. Seep. 193.

Frost, Joseph P. Co. B, 20. Mhead. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 18 Sept.,
61. Disch. for dis. 14 Oct., ’62.

Frost, Newton P. Co. I, 39. Boston. Carpr. Mard. Enrd. 10 Oct.,
61. Disch. for dis. 16 Aug., 63.

Fuller, Benjamin F. Co. E, 32. No. Carver. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 21
Sept., 61. Detchd. Div. Teamster, ’64. Disch. exp. of serv.
Fuller, Benjamin M. Co. A, 18, b. at Tristan d’Acunha. Dnvrs. Cent.
Farm. Sing. Enrd. 23 Aug., 61. Reend. Pris. Dys. Bff. Died

7 June, 64, Richmond, Va. See p. 195.

Fuller, Daniel, Co. B,19. Boxford. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 16 Sept.,
61, Serg. Disch. for dis. 6 Oct., 63.

Fuller, Daniel. Corp. Co. B, 22. Dnvrs. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 12 Sept.,
61. Disch. exp. of serv.
THE ROSTER. 285

Fuller, Nathan A. Co. A, 22. Boston. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 3 May,
°62. Mus. Disch. for dis. 9 Dec., ’62.

Fuller, Theodore 8. Co. E, 26. Plymth. Printer. Sing. Co. B, 3rd
M. V. M., 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 21 Sept.,’61. Des. 4 Oct.,’63, from
N. Bne. Said to have beeninsane. Died, Andville., 13 Aug.,’64.

Furbush, Samuel. Co. I, 34. Georgetown. Farm. Mard. Enrd. 1
Oct.,’61. Disch. for dis. 16 June, ’62.

G

Gaffney, Harrison. Co. C, 19. Glouc. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 24 Oct.,
61. Disch. for dis. 26 Mch., 63. Reend. 13 Nov., ’63, Co. L, 2nd
Hy. Arty. 2nd Lt. 21 Jan., 65. Disch. end of war. Ports-
mouth, Va.

Gallagher, John. Co. I, 33. Holliston. Bootmaker. Mard. Enrd. 3
Sept., 61. Disch. dishon. 2 Dec., ’61.

Galletly, Frederick A. Co. A, 18. Somerville. Brushmaker. Sing.
Enrd. 9 Oct., 61. Reend. Killed Pbhg. 5 Aug.,’64. See p. 229.

Galvin, Michael A. Co. C, 20. Glouc. Tiuman. Sing. Co. G, 8th M.
Vv. M., 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 1 Sept., 61. Wd. on provost duty
24 July, 62. Died Glouc., 3 July, ’63.

Gardner, Albert. Mus. Co. F, 15, b. Salem. Boston. Farmer. Sing.
Enrd. 19 Oct., 61. Reend. Prin. Mus. on N.C. S. to date from
28 Sept., ’64.

Gardner, George D. Co. C, 32. Glouc. Mar. Sing. Co. G, 8th M.
V. M., 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 1 Sept., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.
Garrick, John S. Co. G, 21. Hull. Laborer. Sing. Enurd. 6 Jan., 65.

Disch. end of war.

Gavin, Thomas. Co.G,18. Bevly. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 20 Sept., ’61.
Disch. exp. of serv.

Gay, Andrew. Co.I, 32. Boston. Ship-carpr. Mard. Enrd. 29 July,
62. Wd. Dys. Bff. Disch. 13 Oct., 64. See p. 195.

Gay, Joseph. Co. K,18. Roxbury. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 25 Aug., ’64.
Disch. end of war.

Geaney, John W. Co. A,18, b. Ireland. Salem, Carpr. Sing. Enrd.
2 June, 62. Reend. Des. 6 Jan., ’64.

George, Harris W. Co. H, 27. Leominster. Teamster. Mard. Enrd.
17 Sept.,’61. Ambul. driver. Detchd. Ag.Vet. Surg., 2nd U. 8.
C. C. 64. Disch. exp. of serv.

Getchell, Charles L. Co. A, 19. Salem. Cooper. Sing. Enrd. 23
Aug., 61. Died 9 April, 62. Bd. N. Bue. No. 1537.

Getchell, Edward E. Co. A, 22. Salem. Painter. Mard. Enrd. 4
Nov., 61. Disch. for dis. 12 Sept., ’62.

Ghe, Robert. Co. C, 28, b. Manchester, Eng. Glouc. Mar. Sing.
Reend. Disch. from Hosp. 20 June, ’65.
286 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Gibbs, Warren. Co. E, 41. Plymth. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 21 Oct., ’61.
Disch. for dis. 6 Oct., 62.

Gibson, Charles H. Co. D, 19. N. Bdfd. Barber. Sing. Enrd. 10
Oct., 61. Killed on Stmr. Fawn 13 Sept., 64. Bd. N. Bne. No.
1526. See pp. 230-1.

Giles, Nathaniel B. Co. B, 830. Mhead. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 6 Aug.,
62. Disch. for dis. 14 Aug., ’63.

Gillespie, James T. 28. Unassd. Rehoboth. Enrd. 23 Nov.,’64. Rej.
28 Dec., ’64.

Gillespie, Joseph A. Co. A, b. Watertown, 18. Salem. Cordr. Sing.
Enrd. 27 Aug., 61. Reend. Disch. end of war.

Girdler, Lewis. Corp. Co. B, 34. Mhead. Tailor. Sing. Enrd. 9
Sept.,’61. Corp. 23 Sept.,’61. Serg. Mch.,’62. Disch. 11 Aug.,’63.

Glass, Joseph H, Co. B, 18. Mhead. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 7 May, ’62.
Trans. to V. R. C. Disch. 29 Sept., 64.

Glass, Samuel H, Co. B, 21. Mhead. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 25 Sept.,’61.
Reend. Disch. end of war.

Glazier, James E. Co.F,27. Salem. Mason. Sing. Enrd. 10 Oct.,’61.
Disch. exp. of serv.

Glidden, Austin. Co.G,18. Bevly. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 21 Oct., 61.
Corp. 17 Jan., 63. Reend. Detchd. Commy. Dept., 64. Died
N. Bne. 13 Oct., 64. Bd. there. No. 1521. See p. 236.

Glidden, John. Co. G, 28. Bevly. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 2 Sept., ’61.
Wd. N.Bne. Trans. V. R. C. 8 Feb., 64. See p. 70.

Glines, Joseph L. Co. D, 34. N. Bdfd. Carver. Mard. Enrd. 9 Oct.,
61. Trans. to V. R. C. 20 April, 64. Nbpt.

Glover, Charles F. Co. G, 18. Bevly. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 20 Sept.,
61. Died of wds. rec. Whall. 19 Dec., 62. See p. 127.

Goldsmith, Albert. Co.G,24. Manchester. Mar. Sing. Enrd.9 Oct.,
61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Goldsmith, Edward. Co. H, b. 20 May, 712. Lynn. Shoecutter. Mard.
Enrd. 8 Nov., 61. Disch. for dis. 15 April, 62.

Goldsmith, Gilman. Co. C, 21. Manchester. Mar. Sing. Eurd. 4
Nov., 61. Corp. 16 May, ’63. Disch. exp. of serv.

Goldthwait, Joseph Alexander. Reg. Qr. Master, b. Salem, 20 Aug.,
13. Salem. Expressman. Mard. Longservicein mil. Enrd.8 Oct.,
61. Capt. & Commy. U. S. V. 22 April, 63. Brevet Maj. 30
Mch., 65. Res. 15 Aug., 65. Died 2 Sept., 79. See pp. 58, 142.

Goldthwaite, Benjamin F. Co. A, 26. Salem. Tanner. Mard. Enrd.
27 Aug. ’61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Goodale, Joshua C. Commy. Serg., 24. Salem. Clerk. Sing. U. D.C.
Enrd. 28 Aug., 61. Commy. Serg. 8 Oct., 61. Disch. for dis. 9
Dec., 63. Reend. Serg. Co. C, 2nd Mass. Hy. Arty. 2nd Lt. 26
April, 65. Disch. end of war.
THE ROSTER. 287

Goodridge, Samuel, Jr. 2nd Serg. Co. G, 30, b. Manchester. Bevly.
Cabinet maker. Mard. Co. E, 8th M. V. M., 3 mos. serv. Enrd.
9 Sept., 61. Reend. Pris. Dys. Bff. Died Florence, S.C. See
p. 196.

Goodwin, Alexander H. Co. G, 18. So. Dnvrs. Cordr. Sing. Enrd.
16 Feb., 64. Disch. end of war.

Goodwin, Edward A. 5th Serg. Co. K, 21. Mansfield. Teacher. Sing.
Co. F, 4th M. V. M., 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 6 Sept., 61. Died N.
Bne., 15 April, 62.

Goodwin, Fred. D. 23. 3rd class Mus. Leominster. Painter. Sing.
Enrd, 8 Oct., 61. Disch. 30 Aug., ’62.

Goodwin, John, Jr. 2nd Lt. Co. B, 35. Mhead. Cordr. Mard. Serg.
Maj. 8th M. V. M., 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 2 Sept., 61. Killed Rke.
8 Feb., 62. See p. 48.

Goodwin, Joseph D. Co.G, 21. Bevly. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 2 Oct.,
61. Reend. A. Hosp. Stewd. N. Bne. 64. Died N. Bne., 26
Oct., 64. See p. 236.

Goss, Calvin B. Co. B, 18. Mhead. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 15 Feb., 64.
Disch. end of war.

Gould, Charles A. Corp. Co. I, 24. Lexington. Merchant. Sing. Enrd.
16 Sept., 61. Disch. for prom. Capt. and A. A. G., 26 Oct., 63.

Gould, Henry. Co. E, 22, b. P. E.I., N.S. Plymth. Mar. Sing. Enrd.
21 Sept., 61. Reend. Teamster. Disch. end of war.

Gould, Oscar E. Co. E, 30. Abington. Shoecutter. Mard. Enrd. 21
Dec., ’63. Killed C. H., 3 June ’64. See pp. 166, 218.

Gove, William A. Co. A, b. Bath, Me., 22. Glouc. Mar. Mard. Co.
G, 8th M. V. M., 3mos. serv. Enrd. 25 Aug., 61. On gun-crew.
Reend. Pris. Dys. Bff. Paroled 10 Dec., 64. Disch. 11 Jan.,’65.
See pp. 67—195.

Grant, Edward H. Co. A, 21. Salem. Jeweller. Sing. Enrd. 23 Aug.,
61. Clerk at Reg. & Brig. Hd. Qrs. Disch. for dis. 1 July, ’63.

Grant, George W. Co. A, 18. So. Dnvrs. Carpr. Sing. Enrd. 23
Aug., 61. Wd. Rke. Appd. Lance Corp. by Col. Kurtz. Trans,
Nov. ’63 to V. R. C. Reend. 13 Nov., 64, Co. G, 13th V. R. C.
Disch. 17 Nov., 65. Mard. Detroit, Minn. See p. 48.

Graves, Edward U. Co. B, 20. Mhead. Cordr. Sing. Enrd.7 Aug.,
62. Corp. 17 Dec., 63. Disch. exp. of serv. Died 8 Aug., ’81.

Graves, Joseph B. Co. H, 21. Lunenburg. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 8
Sept., 61 (Rolls St. Ho).

Graves, Moses P. Co. B, 26. Mhead. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 16 Sept.,
61. Disch. for dis. 26 Dec., 61. Reend. 2 Nov., ’63, Co. G, Ist
Hy. Arty. Died Andville., 25 Oct., ’64.

Gray, Charles H. Co. A,27. Glouc. Mar. Sing. Corp. Killed N. Bne.,
14 Mch., ’62. See p. 68.
288 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Gray, James S. Co. C, 18. Glouc. Laborer. Enrd. 25 Nov., ’63.
Pris. Dys. Bff. Died Charleston, S. C., 22 Sept., 64. See p. 196.

Gray, John. Co. F, b. 15 Jan., 40. Salem. Printer. Sing. Enrd. 16
Oct., 61. Detid. on gun-crew. Printer on ‘‘ Progress.” Store-
keeper with Med. Purv. 10 Oct., ’62, to 15 May, ’64. Ag. Hosp.
Steward in Va.,’64. Disch. exp. of serv. Franklin St., Boston.
See pp. 42, 67, 81-2.

Green, Danie]. Co. K, 16, b. Co. Cork. Boston. Student. Sing. Enrd.
8 Oct., 61. Corp. 4 Sept., 62 and 4 Nov., ’63. Reend. Disch.
end of war.

Green, Nathaniel H. Co. D, 29. N. Bdfd. Mason. Mard. Enrd. 23
Sept., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Green, Richard H. Co. B, 27,b. Monmouth, Eng. Middleton. Cordr.
Mard. Enrd. 5 July, 62. Corp. 15 Jan., 63. Reend. as Serg. 2
Jan., 64. Disch. end of war.

Greenleaf, Westover. 2nd Serg. Co. C, 27. Glouc. Painter. Mard.
Serg. Co. G, 8th M. V. M., 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 24 Oct., 61. Ist
Serg. 15 Nov., 61. 2nd Lt. 26 July, 62. Died at N. Bne. 11
Aug., 62. Seep. 105.

Greenough, John W. Co, K, 23. Salem. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 2 Aug.,
62. Corp. 30 Aug., 63. Reend. Wd. Arrd. Ch. Died of wds.
26 June, 64, Hampton, Va.

Griffin, Addison. Co. I, 26. Glouc. Carpr. Mard. Enrd. 4 Aug., ’62.
Killed Whall. 16 Dec., 62. See p. 127.

Griffin, Benjamin H. Co. C, 22. Glouc. Teamster. Sing. Enrd. 28
Oct., 61. Corp. 1 Aug., 62. Wd. Whall. Serg. 9 Nov., ’63.
Ambul. 22 April, 64. Pris. Dys. Bf. Died 20 Sept., 64, Charles-
ton, S.C. See pp. 127, 196.

Griffin, James. Co. K, 19, b. Brunswick, Can. Boston. Weaver. Sing.
Enrd. 25 July, 62. Reend. Disch. end of war.

Griffin, Thaddeus. Co. C, 21. Glouc. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 16 June,’62,
Reend. Disch. end of war.

Griffin, Tristram, Jr. Co. C, b. 30 Mch., 40. Glouc. Farm. Sing.
Enrd. 1 Sept., 61. Pioneer Aug., 64. Disch. exp. of serv.

Grimes, William H. 41, b. Bevly. Salem. Painter. Sing. Enrd. 11
Oct., 61. Wd. Pbg. Disch. exp. ofserv. Pension $4. Seep. 229.

Grosvenor, Edward P. Co. F, 29. Salem. Cooper. Sing. Enrd. 30
Aug., 62. Pris. Dys. Bff. Died Andville. 1 Aug., 64. Bd. there
No. 4511. See p. 196.

Grush, Addison E. Co. G, 18. Bevly. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 20 Sept.,
761. Reend. Disch. end of war.

Gunnison, Frank H. Co. A, 19. Nbpt. Clerk. Sing. Co. A, 8th M.
V.M., 3 mos. serv. Wd. Whall. Pris. Stmr. Fawn 9 Sept., ’64.
Exch. 26 Jan., 65. Disch. 28 Feb., 65. See pp. 127, 230.
THE ROSTER. 289

Gunnison, John H. Co. G, 43. Topsfield. Farm. Mard. Enrd. 22
Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 5 Sept., ’62.

Gurney, Edward T. Corp. Co.I,21. Nbpt. Spinner. Sing, Enrd. 20
Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 18 Oct., 762.

Gurney, George. Co. I, 21. Nbpt. Operative. Sing. Enrd. 30 Oct.,
61. Disch. exp. of serv.

H

Hadley, Henry H. Co. E,23. Worcester. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 21 July,
762, as Wm. H. Wilson. Des. 20 June, ’63.

Hall, Alfred J. Mus. Co. G, 26. Bevly. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 20 Sept.,
61. Co. tailor, 64. Disch. exp. of serv.

Hall, Charles E. Co. K, 18, b. N. Bdfd. Sharon. Farm. Sing. Enrd.
10 Sept., 61. Wd. Wx. Bdge. Reend. Corp. 3 Dec., 63. Serg.
13 Oct., 64. Co. Commy. Disch. end of war.

Hall, Edward A. Corp. Co. A, 19. Salem. Clerk. Sing. Co. J, 8th
M. V. M., 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 21 Aug., 61. Wd. Whall. Reend.
Serg. 12 Jan., 64. Disch. end of war. See p. 127.

Hall, Joseph. Co. I, 27. Nbpt. Painter. Mard. Enrd. 28 Oct., 61.
Corp. Reend. Wd.C.H. Serg. 13 Oct.,’64. Disch. end of war.
Died 25 June, ’83. See p. 219.

Hallock, William A. Co. K, 18, b. W. Newton. Windsor. Machinist.
Sing. Enrd. 4 Aug., 62. Reend. Disch. from Hosp. 20 July, ’65.

Halpine, Michael. Co. H, 21. Randolph. Bootmaker. Sing. Enrd.
14 June, 62. Wd. Whall. Disch. for dis. 23 April, 63. See p.
128.

Hamblet, Samuel H. Co. F, b. 23 Jan., 45. Salem. Farm. Sing.
Enrd. 21 Oct., ’61. Disch. for prom. Serg. Co. K., 2nd Mass.
Arty., 5 Dec., 63. Disch. for prom. 2nd Lt. 5th Mass. Batty., 19
June, 64. 1st Lt. 4 Oct., 64. Disch. end of war.

Hamblin, Charles T. Co. K, 19. Boston. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 29
Oct., 61. Disch. for dis. 15 April, ’62.

Hammond, Daniel W. 2nd Lt. Co. G, 22. Bevly. Artist. Sing. Co.
E, 8th M. V. M., 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 8 Sept., 61. Ist Lt. Co.
H, 18 Nov., 62. Capt. 10 Aug., 68. Commd. Maj. 14 Oct., 64.
Disch. as Capt. exp. of serv. See pp. 8, 87, 150-93, 220-34.

Hammond, William D. Corp. Co. B,31,b. Mhead. Swampscott. Cordr.
Mard. Enrd. 25 Sept., 61. Reend. Disch. end of war.

Hampson, Samuel. Co. B, 19. Lynn. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 20 Oct.,
61. Died 28 Apl., 62. N. Bne.

Hanabury, Patrick. Co. K, 21, b. Waterford, Ired. Foxboro. Moulder.
Sing. Enrd.7 Sept.,’61. Wagoner 1 Jan., 62. Reend. Detchd.
Teamster. Disch. end of war.

19
290 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Hand, William A. Co. D, 23. Boston. Ruler. Sing. Enrd. 2 Aug.,
62. Reend. Detld. printer ’64. Disch. end of war.

Handly, Michael. Co. G, 18, b. Salem. Bevly. Lumper. Sing. Enrd.
23 Sept., 61. Reend. Disch. end of war.

Hardwick, Henry C. Co. H, 21. Boston. Butcher. Enrd. 26 Dec.,
62. Pris. C.H. Exch.10 Mch.,’65. Disch. O. W. D.10 July, ’65.
See p. 219.

Hardy, George C. Co. A, 29. Essex. Ropemaker. Mard. Enrd. 21
Aug., 61. Detld. Sig. Corp. 26 Dec., 61. Trans. to it 29 Feb.,
64. See p. 239.

Harley, William A. Co. H, 30. Boston. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 18 July,
62. Disch. for dis. 9 May, ’63.

Harlow, Edward O. Co. H, 18. Harvard. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 9
Sept., 61. Cap’s servt. Trans. to V. R. C. 8 Feb., ’64.

Harlow, Lemuel. Co. D, 26. Wareham. Laborer. Mard. Enrd. 10
Oct., 61. Disch. for dis. 2 Jan., ’64.

Harrington, Henry H. Co. H, 21. Boston. Mechanic. Sing. Enrd. 29
Aug., 61. Disch. for dis. 29 Nov., ’62.

Harrington, Timothy. Co. G, 36. Lowell. Miner. Sing. Enrd. 30
Dec., 64. Disch. end of war.

Harrington, Warren. Co. H, 21. Glouc. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 29 Oct.,
61. Disch. for dis. 26 Dec., ’61.

Harris, George. Co. K, 21. Boston. Carpr. Sing. Enrd.17 July, 62.
Died 19 Sept., 62, N. Bne.

Harris, John H. Co. C, 22, Manchester. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 5 Oct.,
61. Reend. Corp. 27 Mch.,’64. Disch. end of war.

Harrison, William. Unassd. 23. Boston. Enrd. 2 Aug., ’62. Des.
3 Aug., 62.

Hart, Carlos A. Capt. Co. K, b. 22 Dec., 34. Foxboro. Jeweller.
Mard. 2nd Lieut. Co. K, 4th M. V. M., 8 mos. service. Enrd. 22
Aug., 61. Capt. 11 Oct., ’61. Wd. Arrd. Ch. Disch. exp. of
serv. Has twos., three d. andasec. w. Prov. R. I. Seep. 10.

Hart, Edward C. Drummer Co. E, 18. Dorchester. Mus. Sing.
Enrd. 21 Sept., 61. Died 28 Sept., 64, Morehead City, N.C. See
p. 235.

Hart, Isaac C. 1st Serg. Co. D, 22. N. Bdfd. Teamer. Sing. Co. L,
8rd M. V. M. 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 19 Sept.,’61. 2nd Lt. 25 June,
62. 1st Lt. 30 Dec., 62. Ag. Adj. °63. Disch. for prom. to
Capt. U. S.C. Cav. See p. 162.

Hart, Samuel C. 1st Lt. Co. D, 26. N. Bdfd. Merchant. Mard. Serg.
Co. L, 3rd M. V. M. 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 17 Sept., 61. Capt. 25
June, 62. Wd. Whall. Ag. Ord. Off. Berm. Hund. ’64. Disch.
for prom. 14 Nov., ’64. Lt. Col. 4th M. Hy. Arty. Disch. end of
-war. See pp. 33, 76, 100, 128-50.
THE ROSTER. 291

Hartshorn, Menzies Rainer. Co. K, b. G. Falls, N. H., 6 Nov., °34.
Walpole. Bonnet-presser. Mard. Enrd. 25 Sept., 61. Reend.
Corp. 24 Feb., 65. Pioneer. Disch. end of war.

Hartshorn, Sidney S., Jr. Corp. Co. K. Walpole. Clerk. Sing. Co.
F, 4th M. V. M. 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 31 Aug., 61. Disch. for dis.
30 Sept., ’62.

Hartwell, William H. Co. D,19. Salem. Machinist. Sing. Enrd. 15
Feb., 65. Disch. end of war.

Haskell, Asaph 8. Co. C, b. 4 May, 42. Glouc. Printer. Sing.
Enrd. 1 Oct., 61. Trans. to V. R. C. 11 Jan., 64. Detld. Clerk
in Foster Gen. Hosp. Died 28 Sept., ’64, N. Bne. Bd. there. No.
1766.

Haskell, Edward H. Co. C, b. 5 Oct., 45. Glouc. Printer. Sing.
Enrd. 28 Sept., 61. Wd. Rke. and Chantilly. Detld. Dec., ’61,
and trans. 12 Aug., 63 to U. S. Sig. Corps. Disch. exp. of serv.
See pp. 239-40.

Haskell, Henry L. Co. K. Glouc. Carpr. Mard. Enrd. 6 Dec., ’61.
Detld. Q. M. Dep. Disch. exp. of serv.

Haskell, James F. Co.1,19. Essex. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 7 Oct., ’61.
Died 5 Feb., ’62, Hatteras.

Haskell, Nathaniel. Co. C, 20. Glouc. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 1 Sept.,
61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Haskins, Leonard B. Co. D,25. Middleboro. Farm. Mard. Enrd. 15
Oct., 61. Reend. Pioneer. Disch.end of war.

Hatch, Philip S. Co. D, 26. N. Bdfd. Rope-maker. Mard. Enrd. 24
Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 30 June, ’64.

Hathaway, Daniel L. Co. D, 22. N. Bdfd. Labor. Sing. Enrd. 15
Oct., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Hawkes, Joseph W. Co. H, 18. Boston. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 23
Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 26 Dec., ’61.

Hayden, George A. Co. li, 18. Harvard. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 9 Sept.,
61. Disch. for dis. 29 Nov., ’62.

Hayward, Henry. Unassd. 23. Boston. Enrd.6 Aug., 62. Des. 6
Aug., ’62.

Hayward, Charles Henry. 3rd Serg. Co. F, b. 23 Jan’y, ’37. Salem.
Clerk. Sing. 1st Serg.U. D.C. Enrd.7 Oct., 61. Serg. Maj.
10 May, ’62. 2nd Lt. 20 Aug., 62. Ist Lt. 10 Jan’y, 63. Wd.
Whall. Detchd. Rec. Serv. in Mass., 63. Disch. exp. of term.
Mard. one s.twod. See p. 128.

Heath, William. Co. C, 35. Plymth. Teamster. Mard. Enrd. 10 Oct.,
61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Hewitt, Edwin W. Co. D, 19, b. Prov., R. I. Salem. Clerk. Sing.
Enrd. 1 Aug., 62. Clerk to Com. Musters, 64. Disch. end of

war.
992 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Heywood, George. Co. K. Salem. Peddler. Mard. Enrd. 30 July,
62. Disch. for dis. 6 Dec., ’62.

Higgins, Abisher A. Co. B, 18. Middleton. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 29
March, ’64. Pris. Dys. Bff. Died Andville., 20 Aug., 64. Bd. there.
No. 6242. See p. 195.

Higgins, William D. Co. K, 26. Foxboro. Moulder. Mard. Enrd. 2
Sept.,’61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Higinbottom, Joseph. Co. G, 38. Bevly. Gardener. Mard. Enrd. 2
Oct., 61. Disch. for dis. 15 Apl., ’62.

Higley, Gilman 8. Co. A, 24. Salem. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 21 Aug.,
61. On gun crew. Guard on Contd. camp, ’64. Disch. exp. of
serv. See p. 67.

Hildreth, Elbridge H. Wagoner Co.C. So. Dnvrs. Tallow-chandler.
Mard. Co. A, 5th M. V. M. 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 25 Sept., ’61.
Hildreth, James M. Co. H, 18,b. Townsend. Lunenburg. Farm. Sing,
Enrd. 16 Sept., 61. Reend. Pris. Dys. Bff. Died Andville., 24

Sept., 64. Bd. there. No. 9665. See p. 197.

Hill, Aroet M. Co. F, 35. Topsfield. Shoecutter. Mard. Enrd. 16
Oct., 61. Disch. for dis. 8 July, ’62.

Hill, Charles H. Co. K, 18. Sharon. Machinist. Sing. Enrd. 5 Sept.,
61. Corp. 24 Dec., 61. Serg. 8 Sept., 62. Disch. as Corp. exp.
of serv.

Hill, Frank C. Co. H, 21. Bevly. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 13 Sept., ’61.
Disch. for dis. 3 Jan., ’63.

Hillman, Alexander H. Co. D, 18. N. Bdfd. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 20
Oct., 61. Wd. N. Bne. Disch. for dis. 26 Oct., 62. See p. 69.

Hillman, Rowland L. Corp. Co. D, 80. N. Bdfd. Merch. Sing. Co.
L, 3rd M. V. M. 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 14 Oct., 61. Serg. 27 July,
62. Disch. for prom. in U. S. C. T. 10 Oct., 63. 2nd Lieut. 2nd
Mass. Hy. Arty., 14 Aug., 68. Ist Lieut. 14 Sept., 64. Disch.
end of war. Minneapolis, Ottawa Co., Kansas.

Hills, Albert P. Drummer Co. I, 18. Ipswich. Clerk. Sing. Enrd.
22 Sept., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Hills, Albert S. Co. 1,40. Ipswich. Merch. Mard. Enrd. 16 Oct.,
61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Hiltz, Jacob C. Co. F,19. Salem. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 10 Oct., ’61.
Detld. barque Voltigeur. Disch. for prom. 8 Nov., ’63.

Hinchlitf, James. Co.I, 27. Glouc. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 8 Dec., ’62.
Disch. exp. of serv.

Hinckley, George O. Co. F, 21. Salem. Junk-dealer. Mard. Enrd.
28 July, 62. Wd. Whall. Pris. Dys. Bff. Died Andville., 28
Sept , 64. Bd. there. No. 9968. See pp. 128, 196.

Hinds, Charles H. Co. H. Enrd. 4 Dec., 61. Died 27 June, ’62, Con-
cord, N. H.
THE ROSTER. 293

Hinds, Joseph. Co. I, 23. Nbpt. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 8 Oct.. 61.
Disch. for dis. 6 Aug., ’62.

Hobbs, Edward F. Co. F, 23. Wenham. Farm. Mard. Enrd. 15 Oct.,
61. Detid.in hosp. Trans. to V. R. C. 27 Apl., 64.

Hobbs, John. Capt. Co. I, 45. Ipswich. Cotton-broker. Mard. Eunurd.
11 Sept., 61. Res. 18 July, 62. See pp. 9, 76.

Hodder, Robert. 27. Unassd. Boston. Painter. Sing. Enrd. 19 July,
62. Des.

Hodgdon, George R. Co. A, 18. Salem. Clerk. Sing. U. D. C. Enrd.
1 Sept., 61. Corp. 19 Nov., 62. Clerk at Commy’s 63. Reend.
Corp. 19 Jan., 64. Disch. O. W. D. 25 June, 65. Died 21
Dec., ’80.

Hodgkins, Edwin W. Co. I, 28. Glouc. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 4 Aug.,
62. Disch. exp. of serv.

Holden, Charles. Co. G, 39. Bevly. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 17 Oct., ’61.
Disch. for dis. 3 March, ’62.

Holden, Walter. Co. C,23. Glouc. Sing. Enrd. 26 Oct., 61. Trans.
to V. R.C. 11 Jan., 64.

Holman, Edwin. Co. H, 22. Fitchburg. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 23 Sept.,
61. Died 10 Nov., ’62, N. Bue.

Holmes, Samuel W. Co. E, 18. Plymth. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 21 Sept.,
61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Hood, Adoniram I. Co. K, b. Dnvrs. 7, Apl., 32. So. Dnvrs. Team-
ster. Mard. Enrd. 21 Oct.,’61. Reg. teamster. Disch. exp. of
serv.

Hood, James H. Co. D, b. 5 Nov., ’28, Prov., R. I. N. Bdfd. Ship-
chandler. Mard. Enrd. 15 Oct., ’61. Wd. Whall. Reend. Pio-
neer. Disch. end of war. So. Boston.

Hood, Richard. Co. G, 58. Dnvrs. Teamer. Mard. Enrd. 17 Oct.,
61. Detld. Wagon-master. Disch. for dis. 21 Oct., ’62.

Hooper, Samuel S. Co. F, 20. Manchester. Painter. Sing. Enrd. 8
Oct., 61. On guncrew. Died 13 Apl., 62, N. Bne. See pp. 42,
67.

Horton, Otis H. Co. K, 27. Foxboro. Moulder. Mard. Enrd. 2 Sept.,
61. Corp. 1 May, 62. Disch. for dis. 26 Mch., ’63.

Howard, Caleb. 4th Serg. Co. K, 32. Medtield. Bonnet-presser.
Mard. Co. F, 4th M. V. M.3 mos. serv. Enrd. 3 Sept., 61. Ist
Serg. 3 Nov., 62. Disch. for dis. 3 Nov., ’63.

Howard, Calvin. Co. D, 24. N. Bdfd. Rope-maker. Mard. Enrd. 24
Sept., 61. Disch. exp. of serv. New Haven, Conn.

Howard, Frank. Co. I, 21. Ipswich. Hatter. Sing. Enurd. 10 Oct.,
61. Onguncrew. Wd.Rke. Disch. for dis. from wd. 8 July, ’62.
See p. 48.

Howard, John L. Co. I. b. 21 Oct., 38. Nbpt. Farm. Mard. Enrd.
83 Oct., 61. Corp. 7 Sept., 62. Disch. exp. of serv. See p. 42.
294 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Howard, Nathaniel T. Co. G, 25. Nbpt. Painter. Mard. Enrd. 5
Dec., 61. Corp. 24 Oct., 63. Serg. 1 Sept., 64. Disch. exp. of
serv.

-Howard, William G. Co. D, b. 6 Aug., 42, Middletown, R. I. N. Bdfd.
Florist. Sing. Enurd. 15 Oct., 61. Detld. on Skirmisher. Reend.
Corp.1 Jan., 65. Disch. end of war.

Howard, William H. P. Co. A, 28. Nbpt. Fireman. Mard. Enrd. 1
Sept., 61. Co. Clerk ’64. Corp. 1 Sept., ’64. Disch. exp. of
serv.

Howe, Henry. Co. E, 80. Newton Centre. Weaver. Sing. Enrd. 13
Sept., 61. Trans. to V. R. C. 13 Feb., 764.

Howland, Charles. Co. D, 24. N. Bdfd. Farm. Mard. Enrd. 24

_ Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 15 Apl., 62.

Howland, Cornelius, Jr. Capt. Co. D, 26. N. Bdfd. Merchant. Mard.
Enrd. 17 Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 25 June, ’62. See p. 3.
Hoyt, Bradford H. Co. H, 19. Harvard. Printer. Sing. Enrd. 7
Sept., 61. Detld. printer. Disch. exp. of serv. See p. 81.
Hull, Edward G. 5th Serg. Co. I, 27. Ipswich. Cordr. Mard. Enrd.

13 Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 25 Sept., 62.

Humphrey, Albert. Co. I, 21, b. Philipsburg, C. E. St. Albans. Mar.
Sing. Enrd. 22 Sept.,’61. Reend. Detid. Q. M. D. 64. Cook
65. Disch. end of war.

Humphrey, George E. Co. H, 21. Hingham. Soldier. Sing. Enrd. 1
Nov., 61. Corp. 1 May, 62. Serg. 10 Nov., 63. Wd. Whall.
Disch. exp. of serv. See p. 128.

Hunt, Robert S. Co. E, 32. Duxbury. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 7 Oct.,’61.
Trans. to V. R. C. 13 Feb., ’64.

Hussey, Bartholomew J. Co. C, b. 25 Oct., ’45, St. John, N. B. Bos-
ton. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 28 May, 62. Reend. Corp. 13 Oct., ‘64.
Wd.cC. H. Clerk Reg. H.Q. Disch. end of war. See pp. 165,
219.

Hutchinson, Alden. Corp. Co. H, b. Concord,Vt., 28 Aug., 88. Canaan,
Vt. Moulder. Sing. Enrd. 3 Sept., ’61. Serg. 1 May, ’62. Prov.
Serg. N. Bne. 62. Wd. C. H. Disch. exp. of serv. See pp.
118, 219.

Hutchinson, William. Co. G, 29. Salem. Peddler. Mard. Enid. 5
May, ’62. Disch. exp. of serv.

Hynes, Michael. Co. H, 21. Boston. Tin-worker. Sing. Enrd. 13
June, 62. Wd.C.H. Disch. exp. of serv. See p. 219.

I

Ingalls, Lucius M. Drummer Co. A, 15. Boston. Mus. Sing. Enrd.
10 Sept., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Ingersoll, Joshua, Co. C, 42. Glouc. Lab. Mard, Enurd. 1 Aug., ’62.
Reend. Cook. Disch. end of war.
THE ROSTER. 295

Irving, George W. Co. I, 21. Ipswich. Clothier. Sing. Enrd. 17
Oct., 61. Disch. dishon. 2 Dec., ’61.

J

Jackman, Benjamin H. Co. 1,20. Nbpt. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 8 Feb.,
64. Killed Dys. Bff. 16 May, ’64. See p. 195.

Jackinan, George H. Co. I, 32. Nbpt. Ship-carpr. Mard. Enrd. 10-
Oct., 61. Reend. Pioneer. Disch. end of war.

Janes, William H. Co. F,22. Topsfield. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 12 Oct.,
61. Disch. for dis. 12 Nov., 63.

Jarvis, Amos B. Co. H, 68, b. 8 July, 44, Mhead. Bolton. Cordr.
Sing. Enrd. 9 Sept., 61. Reend. Disch. end of war.

Jeffs, Tristram C. Co. G, 38. Duvrs. Farm. Mard. Enurd. 20 Sept.,
61. Corp. 18 Feb. ’63. Pris. Dys. Bff. Died Charleston, S. C.,
14 Oct. ’64. See pp. 60, 196.

Jenness, Lorenzo. Co. F, b. Plymth., N. H., 26 Oct., 85. Mhead.
Fruit dealer. Mard. Servedin Lynn City Guards. Enrd. 10 Oct..
761. Sharp shooter. Disch. exp. of serv. Dnvrs.

Jenney, Albert P. Co.D,43. N. Bdfd. Harness Maker. Mard. Enrd.
28 Jan., 64. Co. Cook. Disch. end of war.

Jenney, Ezra T. 3d Serg., Co. D, 27. N. Bdfd. Carpr. Sing. Enrd.
19 Sept. ’61. Disch. for dis., 4 Oct., ’62.

Jennings, Edward F. Co. D, 22. N. Bdfd. Teamer. Mard. Enrd. 14
Oct., 61. Wd., N. Bne. Reend. Reg. Teamster, 64. Disch.
end of war. See p. 69.

Jennings, Edwin A. Co.H, 21. Boston. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 5 Dec.,
61. Diced accid., Boston, ’70.

Jennings, William H. H. Co. D, 20. N. Bdfd. Labor. Sing. Enrd.
26 Sept., 61. Wd. Rke. Disch. exp. of serv. See p. 48.

Jewett, Geo. S. Co. G, 38. Bevly. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 20 Sept.,
61. Disch. for dis. 28 May, ’63.

Jewett, John H. Co. I, 20. Ipswich. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 13 Sept.,
61. Died, 5 Apl., 64, Getty’s Station, Va. Bd. Hampton, Va.,
No. 4655. See pp. 42-6, 163.

Jewett, Thomas L., Jr. Corp. Co. 1, 26. Ipswich. Cordr. Mard.
Enrd. 14 Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 26 Oct., 62.

Johnson, Daniel H. Serg. Maj., 24. Salem. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 28
Sept., "61. 2nd Lt., 15 Mch., ’62. Disch. for prom. Capt. 40th
M. V. I., 26 Aug., 62. Res. 25 Feb., 63. See pp. 58, 71.

Johnson, Eben N. Co. F, 21. So. Dnvrs. Labor. Sing. Enrd. 9
Nov., 61. Pris. C. H. Died, Andville., 1 July, 64. See p. 219.

Johnson, Joseph H. Co. G. Bevly. Carpr. Enrd.13 Feb.,’64. Rej.
21 Feb., ’64.
296 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Johnson, Samuel. Co. D, 41. N. Bdfd. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 26 Sept.,
61. Wd.N.Bne. MDisch. for dis. 22 Oct., 62. See p. 69.

Jones, Alonzo. Co.H,24. Quincy. Engraver. Mard. Enrd. 27 Aug.,
61. Disch. for dis. 15 Sept., 62.

Jones, Charles W. Co. G,18. Bevly. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 12 Feb.,
64. Disch. for dis. 26 June, 65.

Jones, Frederick. Co.H,18. Boston. Enrd. 5 Dec., ’61. Corp. 19
July, 64. Disch. exp. of serv.

Jones, George B. Co. H, 30. So. Braintree. Labor. Mard. Enrd.
27 Aug.,’61. Disch. for dis. 8 Sept., ’62.

Jones, John W. Co. B, 18. Lynn. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 5 Nov., ’61.
Reend. Corp. Killed Dys. Bff. See p. 194.

Jones, William. Co. H, 20. Quincy. Stone cutter. Sing. Enrd. 6
Dec., 61. Died, 19 April, 62. N. Bune.

Joy, George Mills. Corp. Co I, 383. Cam’port. Editor. Mard. Enrd.
14 Oct., ’61. Disch. for prom. 17 Dec, ’62. 1st Lt. lst N.C.
Vols. Died ab. June, ’81, Eatontown, N. J. Seep. 81.

K

Keegan, Patrick. Co. H, 31. Randolph. Bootmaker. Mard. Enrd.

: 23 June, ’62. Disch. for dis. 3 Jan., ’63.

Keith, Timothy M. Co. D,22. Annapolis, N. S. Farm. Sing. Enrd.
27 Feb., 65. Disch. end of war.

Keith, Walter D. 2nd Serg., Co. D, 22. N. Bdfd. Painter. Sing.
Corp., Co. L, 8rd M. V. M., 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 19 Sept., ’61.
2nd Lt., 30 Dec., 62. 1st Lt., 20 Aug., 63. Duty in Co. H. Disch.
exp. of serv.

Kelly, James. Co. A, 45. Dnvrs. Carpr. Mard. Enrd. 2 Aug., ’62.
Dischk. for dis. 30 May, ’63.

Kelly, James W. Co. A, 28. Dnvrspt. Cordr. Mard. Co. H, 5th M.
Vv. M. 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 23 Aug., 61. Wd. N. Bne. Reend.
Killed, Dys. Bff., 16 May, ’64. See pp. 69, 195.

Kelly, Moses. Co. C, 24. Lynn. Brickmaker. Mard. Enrd. 10 Oct.,
61. Corp. 27 Mch., ’64. Disch. exp. of serv.

Kelly, Thomas B. Co. A, b. 7 Aug., 42. Duvrspt. Carpr. Sing. Co.
H, 5th M. V. M., 8 mos. serv. Enrd. 23 Aug., 61. Disch. exp.
of serv. Pens. $8.

Kennally, Michael. Co. E, 21, b. Limerick. So. Bridgewater. Labor.
Sing. Enrd. 21 Sept.,’61. Wd.C.H. Disch. end of war. See
p. 219.

Kennison, Benjamin. Co. G, b. Ossipee, N. H., 29 Nov., ’25. Bevly.
Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 14 Oct., 61. Asst. Wagoner. Disch. for
dis. 20 July, 63. 1s. 5 dau., Kennebec, Kansas.
THE ROSTER. 297

Kennison, Orin W. Co. K, 32, b. Freedom, N. H. Salem. Operative.
Mard. Enurd.7 Aug.,’62. Disch. for dis. 25 June, ’63.

Kenny, Benjamin N. Co. K, 32, b. Strong, Me. Salem. Machinist.
Mard. Enrd.7 Aug., 62. Reg]. Bugler, 24 Mch., ’63. Trans. ‘to
V.R. C., 29 Feb., 64. Disch. exp. of serv.

Kent, William L. 1st Lt., Co. H, b. Portland, Me., 9 June, ’35. Bos-
ton. Bookkeeper. Mard. Enrd. 28 Sept., 61. Capt. 18 Nov., ’62.
A. A. I. G. Heckman’s Brig., Jan. 63. Of F. & D. of N. Bne, Mch.,
63. A.C. M. Dist. of Va., July, 63. A.A. A.G. of Ist Brig.,
18th Army Corps, 3 June, ’64. Of 1st Div. 18th Corp. 26 June, ’64.
Wa. Fort Harrison, 30 Sept., 64. Disch. by reason of wd., 24
Feb., 65. New York. See pp. 85, 143, 150, 186-8, 195.

Kent, Moses A. Co. A, 20. Duvrs. Mechan. Sing. Enrd. 26 Aug.,
61. Died, 7 Oct., 62, N. Bne. Bd. there. No. 1619.

Keyes, Sumner W. Co. H.

Kilburn, Charles. 1st Serg. Co. H, b. 13 May, °39. Lunenburg.
Bleacher. Sing. Enrd. 15 Sept., 61. Wd. Whall. Disch. priv.
exp. of serv. Pens. $6. See p. 128.

Kilburn, David N. Co. H, 24. Lunenburg. Farm. Enrd. 9 Aug., ’62.
Disch. exp. of serv.

Kilburn, Henry P. Corp., Co. H, 19. Lunenburg. Farm. Sing.
Enrd. 16 Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 15 AplL., 62.

Kimball, Albert. Co. A, 18. Dnvrs. Currier. Sing. Enrd. 18 Feb.,
64. Hosp. att’t. Disch. end of war.

Kimball, Lewis. Co. H, 40. Charlestown. Painter. Mard. Enrd. 29
Aug. 61. Disch. for dis. 20 May, ’62.

Kimball, Moses. Co. A, 18. Lynn. Teamster. Sing. Co. F, 8th M.
V.M.,3 mos.serv. Enrd. 10 Sept., 61. Disch. dishon., 13 Nov.,
61.

King, Rufus. Drummer, Co. F, b. 13 Oct., ’47 at Bath, Me. Somer-
ville. Bookseller. Sing. Emnrd. 18 Oct., 61. Disch. for dis. 3
Oct., 68. Died, Nov., ’84.

Kingman, Henry C. Co. D, 26, b. Baltimore, Md. N. Bdfd. Cordr.
Mard. Enrd. 26 Sept., 61. Reend. Pris. Dys. Bff. Wd. Died,
Libby, 6 Aug., 64. See p. 195.

Kinsley, Benjamin F. Co. D, 21. Salem. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 13
July, 62. Disch. for prom. U. 8. C. T., 1 Aug., 63.

Kinsman, Joseph N. Co. A, 18. Salem. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 20 Feb.,
64. Died, 16 Oct., 64, N. Bne. Bd. there. No. 1520. See p.
235.

Kirkwood, Hugh G. Co. I, 22. Nbpt. Confectioner. Sing. Enurd. 31
Oct., 61. Disch. for dis. 8 Sept., 62.

Kittredge, George W. 18, unassd. Bevly. Enrd. 16 Feb., 64. Rej.
21 Feb., ’64.
298 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Kneeland, Aaron P. Co. A, 44. Topsfd. Cordr. Mard. Enrd, 26 Aug.,
61. Disch. for dis. 23 Oct., 62.

Knight, Charles. Co. C, 28. Glouc. Barber. Mard. Enrd. 21 duly,
62. Amb. Corp., 64. Disch. exp. of serv.

Knight, George W. Co. C, 25. Glcuc. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 5 Sept,
61. Died, 16 Apl., 62, N. Bne.

Knowland, John B. Corp. Co. B, 30. S. Dnvrs. Painter. Mard.
Enrd. 20 Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 19 Jan., 63.

Knowlton, Samuel. Co. A,18. Wenham. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 22 Aug.,;
61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Koran, Patrick. Co. E. Boston. Labor. Sing. Enrd. 7 Oct., 61.
Des., 11 Dec., ’61.

Kurtz, John. Colonel, b. 1813. Boston. Baker. Mard. Enrd. Lt.
Col., 25 Sept., 61. Col., 23 Oct., 61. Res., 25 Nov., 62. Died,
10 Nov., 81. See pp. 10, 14-5, 23, 48-9, 54-6-95, 104-6-7, 250.

L

Lacy, Patrick. Co. D, 39. N. Bdfd. Labor. Mard. Enrd. 6 Oct., ’61.
Disch. for dis. 14 Oct., ’62.

Lacy, Patrick. Co. I, 28. Roxbury. Ropemaker. Mard. Enrd. 3
Sept., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Ladd, Dexter B. Corp. Co. H, 20. Boston. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 2
Sept., 61. Serg. 1 June, 62. Disch. priv. exp. of serv.

Lahey, John. Co. H, 38. Roxbury. Tailor. Mard. Enrd. 6 Dec., 61.
Disch. for dis. 19 Nov., ’63.

Lake, Allen P. Co. K, 18. Foxboro. Student. Sing. Enurd. 30 Oct.,
61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Lake, John B. Co. F, 44. Topsfield. Farm. Mard. Enrd. 12 Oct.,
61. Wd. Rke. Disch. for dis. 10 June, 62. Died, 3 Feb., ’78, at
Boxford. See p. 48.

Lake, Noah J. Co. D, 39. N. Bdfd. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 20 Sept., ’61.
Wd. N. Bne. and Pog. Disch. exp. of serv. See pp. 69, 229.
Lakeman, John R. Ist Serg., Co. A, b. 17 June, 43. Salem. Clerk.
Sing. Co.J,8th M. V.M. 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 20 Aug. 61. 2nd

Lt., 17 Nov., 62. 1st Lt., 1 June, ’63. Disch. exp. of serv.

Lane, Daniel. Co. B, 18, b. Roxbury. Chelsea. Mar. Enrd. 22 Oct.,
61. Reend. Sharpshooter, ’64. Co. Clerk, ’65. Disch. end of war.

Lane, George A. Co. C, 21. Glouc. Sailmaker. Mard. Enrd. 22
July, 62. Co. Cook. Disch. exp. of serv.

Lang, Anthony. 2nd Lt., Co. D, 30. N. Bdfd. Mercht. Mard. Corp.
Co. L, 3rd M. V.M, 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 17 Sept., 61. 1st Lt.,
25 June, 62. Detch. for serv. in Sig. Corps, 25 Dec., 61. Res.,
21 Dec., 62. See p. 239.
THE ROSTER. 299

Lapham, Otis W. Co. E, 24. Duxbury. Moulder. Mard. Enrd. 21
Sept., 61. Corp., 12 Apl., 64. Wd. Arrd. Ch. Disch. exp. of
serv. See p. 179.

La Point, Samuel. 23. Unassd. §. Dnvrs. Enrd. 5 July, ’64.

Laroque, Alphonso M. Co. C, 21. Glouc. Butcher. Sing. Enrd. 21
July, 62. Reend. Died, 23 Dec., 64, N. Bune.

Larrabee, Hersey D. Co. B, 24. S. Dnvrs. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 12
Oct., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Lauman, Hiram J. Corp. Co. E. Plymth. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 21
Sept., 61. Pris. Bchdr. Ck., 29 Apl., 62. Disch. for dis. 17 Apl.,
63. See p. 88.

Lawrence, Sewell D. Co. H,31. Clinton. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 5 Oct.»
61. Disch. for dis., 14 Aug., 62. :

Leach, Henry B. Co. D, 21. N. Bdfd. Carpr. Mard. Enrd. 20 Sept.,
61. Trans. to V. R. C., 8 Feb., ’64.

Leary, Daniel. Co. D, 25. N. Bdfd. Labor. Mard. Enrd. 6 Oct., ’61.
Wd. Whall. Pris. Stmr. Fawn. See pp. 128, 230.

Leavitt, Benjamin F. Co. E, 18. Abington. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 24
Dec., 63. Trans. to V. R. C. 9 March, ’64. Disch. O. W. D. 4
May, ’65.

Leavitt, Charles I. Co. E,18,b. Turner, Me. Abington. Cordr. Sing.
Enrd. 6 Nov., 61. Des. 30 Sept., 64. Reeud. in Cav. as Charles
I. Lovering. Serv. thgh. war. Fell dead at his work, 7 or 8
yrs. ago.

Lee, Francis Higginson. 24. 5th Serg. Co. F. Salem. Gentleman.
Sing. Corp. U. D. C. Enrd. 1 Oct., 61. Detchd. Q. M. Dep.
Disch. Ord. of Gen. Dix, 19 July, 64. See pp. 39, 105.

Lee, Nathan. Co. E, 23. Moultonboro, N. H. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 14
Oct., 61. Wd. Whall. Disch. for dis. 7 April, 63. See p. 128.

Leech, John. Co. G, 30. Manchester. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 9 Nov., ’63-
Disch. end of war.

Lefavor, James A. Co. G, 24. Bevly. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 30 July,
64. Disch. 26 Dec., ’65.

Leonard, Daniel C. Co. G,36. Brooklyn, N. Y. Painter. Sing. Enrd.
80 Dec., 64. Disch. end of war.

Lewis, Elbridge S. Co. I, 21. Nbpt. Ship-carpr. Sing. Enrd. 31
Oct., 61. Wd. Whall. Disch. exp. of serv. Died 14 Oct., ’82,
Hadlime, Conn. Seep. 128.

Lewis, Joseph. Co. C, 26, b. Halifax, N. S. Boston. Tailor. Sing.
Enrd. 29 May, 62. Reend. Des. Oct., ’64.

Liffin, John. Co. G, 19. Bevly. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 23 Feb., ’64.
Wd. Dys. Bff. Disch. O. W. D., 28 May, 65. See p. 195.

Lincoln, John L. Co. F, 33. Lynn. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 31 Dec., 63.
Trans. to V. R. C., 7 Mch., ’64.
3800 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Lincoln, Samuel M. Co. H, 20. Hingham. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 9
Oct., 61. Disch. for dis. 28 May, 63.

Linnehan, Thomas E. Co. A, 18. Salem. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 28
July, 62. Wd. Whall. Reend. Disch. end of war.

Littlefield, Charles A. Co. A, 19. Somerville. Cabt. maker. Sing.
Enrd. 9 Oct., 61. Disch. for dis. 31 July, ’62.

Littlefield, John. 1st Lt. Co. K, 36. Foxboro. Surgeon-dentist.
Mard. Enrd. 22 Aug.,’61. Disch. for dis. 3 May, 62. See p. 11.

Locke, Charles E. Mus., Co. C,15. Boston. Student. Sing. Enrd.
21 Oct., 61. Disch. for musical dis. 2 Oct., ’62.

Long, Charles H. Co. E, 18, b. Sandwich. Plymth. Mar. Sing.
Enrd. 14 Oct., 61. Corp. 2 Dec., 63. Reend. Serg. 1 Aug., ’64.
Disch. end of war.

Longley, Charles B. Co. H, 18. Lunenburg. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 14
Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 5 Sept., 62.

Lord, Hiram B. Co.I, b. 24 Feb., 39. Nbpt. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 6
Dec., 61. Corp. 17 Dec., 62. Wd. near Smithfield, Va. Disch.
for dis. and exp. of serv., 27 Oct., 64. Pens., $8. See pp. 164-6.

Lord, Joseph H. Co. C,21. §S. Dnvrs. Carpr. Sing. Enrd. 20 Oct.,
61. Asst. Wagoner. Disch. exp. of serv.

Lovering, James B. Co. H, 20. Harvard. Labor. Sing, Enrd. 1 Aug.,
62. Disch. exp. of serv.

Low, William Edward. Co.I, 20. Essex. Mech. Sing. Enrd. 9 Oct.,
61. Wd.C.H. Disch. exp. of serv. See p. 219.

Lucas, John S. Corp. Co. E., 27. Roxbury. Seaman. Sing. Enrd.
21 Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 8 Sept., "62.

Luce, Freeman C. Co. D, b. 12 Apl., ’22, at Falmouth. N. Bdfd.
Bsmith. Mard. One yr.in City Guards, N. Bdfd. Enrd. 15 Oct.,
61. Corp. 6 July, 62. Serg. 3 Oct., °63. Reend. Disch. for
prom. 26 Mch., ’64. 2nd Lt. 56 M. V. 1., 10 Mch., 64. Commd.,
Ist Lt., 7 July, 64. Disabled by a fall on the march, 24 May, ’64.
Disch. for conseq. dis. 6 Sept., 64 as 2nd Lt. Pens. $10.

Lufkin, Henry. Co. F, 28. §. Dnvrs. Cord. Sing. Enrd. 8 Oct., 61.
Disch. for dis. 14 Aug., 63.

Lufkin, William H. Co.G, 25. Bevly. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 23 Sept.,
61. Trans. to V. R. C., 8 Feb., 64.

Lull, John. Co.G,34. Bevly. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 20 Feb., 65. Disch.
end of war.

Luscomb, George A. Co. B, 36. Mhead. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 6 Aug.,
62. Corp. Disch. exp. of serv.

Lynch, Hugh. 28. Unassd. Boston. Painter. Sing. Enrd. 22 July,
62.

Lynch, John. Unassd. 21. Boston. Enrd. 28 July, 62. Des. 29
duly, 762.
THE ROSTER. 301

Lyons, John E. Co. H, 21, b. Mhead. Lunenburg. Cordr. Sing.
Enrd. 15 Sept., 61. Reend. Corp. Disch. end of war.

M

McAndrew, William J. Co. C, 18. St. Johns, N. B. Mar. Sing.
Enrd. 20 Oct., 61. Reend. Disch. end of war.

McCartney, John. Co. C, 34. Glouc. Bsmith. Sing. Enrd. 28 Oct.,
61. Suicide, 16 April, 62. Bd. N. Bne. No. 1538. See pp. 40,
80.

McCarty, Francis. Co. H, 23. New York. Iron worker. Sing. Enrd.
29 June, 64. Des. Phg., 28 July, ’64.

McCloy, John B. Co. F, 21. Salem. Painter. Sing. Enrd. 17 Oct.,
61. Disch. for dis. 4 Mch., ’62.

McCluskey, John. Co. H, 21. New York. Labor. Sing. Enrd. 29
June, ’64. Des. Phg., 28 July, ’64.

McCormick, Thomas. Co. K, 18. Salem. Gas-fitter. Sing. Enrd. 31
July,62. Pris. Dys. Bf. Died, 2 Dec., ’64, Charleston, S.C. See
p. 197.

McDuffie, Augustus P. Co. F, 27. Salem. Peddler. Mard. Enrd. 8
Aug., 62. Disch. exp. of serv.

McGarvey, George. Co. I, 26. Lynn. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 17 Oct.,
61. Disch. exp. of serv.

McGlinon, John B. Co.I, 19. Boston. Porter. Sing. Enrd. 25 June,
62. Reend. Corp. 13 Oct., 64. Disch. end of war.

McGowan, John. Co. I, 29. Nbpt. Card-stripper. Mard. Enrd. 8
Oct., 61. Disch. dishon., 2 Dec., ’61.

McGrath, Louis. Co. G, 35. Bevly. Carpr. Mard. Enrd. 12 Feb.,
64. Pris. Dys. Bff. Died, Florence, S. C., 64. See p. 197.
McIntosh, Ephraim D. 35, Band, 2nd Cl. Mus. Boston. Mus.

Sing. Enrd. 3 Oct., 61. Disch. 30 Aug., ’62.

McLaughlin, Samuel. Co. D, 38. Milford. Coach-maker. Mard.
Enrd. 15 Feb., 65. Disch. end of war.

McKenzie, George B. Co. I, 19, b. Nova Scotia. Glouc. Farm.
Enrd. 21 Nov., 62. Reend. Pris. Dys. Bff. Died, Andville., 21
Aug., 64. Bd.there. No. 6358. See p. 196.

McKenzie, Robert. Co. H, 23. Boston. Printer. Sing. Enrd. 22
July, 62. Wd. Whall. Trans. to V. R. C., 8 Feb., 64. See p.
128.

Mackin, Bryan. Co. K, 29. Stoneham. Labor. Mard. Enrd. 6 Nov.,
’61. Disch. for dis. 13 Oct., ’62.

McMahon, Perez. Drummer, Co. E, 20. Plymth. Cordr. Sing.
Enrd. 7 Oct., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.

McNeill, Daniel W. 21. Boston. Enrd. 17 July, ’62. Rejected.

Macomber, George B. Co. D, 30. N. Bdfd. Labor. Mard. Enrd. 15
Oct., 61. Nurse Reg. Hosp. Disch. exp. of serv.
302 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Macomber, Peleg. Co. D,b. Westport, Mass., 21 July, 46. N. Bdfd.
Clerk. Sing. Co. A, 1st Batt., Home Guards, 3 mos. serv. Enrd.
25 Sept., 61. Detld. ord. and commy. dep. Corp. 3 Oct., ’63.
Disch. exp. ofserv. Prov., R. I.

McShane, John. Co. A, 18. Salem. Baker. Enrd. 26 Feb., ’64. Re-
jected.

McSweeney, Terence. Co. B,27. §. Dnvrs. Labor. Sing. Enrd. 20
Sept., 61. Wd.C.H. Disch. exp. ofserv. See p. 219.

Madden, Henry G. 44. Unassd. Boston. Cook. Enrd. 30 Aug., 62.

Magoon, Calvin 8. Co. A, 22. Pembroke. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 9
Oct., 61. Disch. for dis. 1 June, 62. Died on passage home 29
Juue, 62.

Mahoney, John. Co. K, 18. Foxboro. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 7 Sept.,
61. Disch. exp. of serv. Died Brooklyn, N. Y., Sept., ’84.
Maloney, James P. Co. C, 18. Boston. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 28 May,

62, Reend. Detchd. Clerk. Disch. end of war.

Manning, Albert E. Co. F, 17. Salem. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 2 Oct.,
61. Disch. for prom. 2nd Lt. 90 U.S. C.T. Died April, ’85,
Boston. See pp. 81, 129.

Manning, Charles. Co. F, 29. Middleton. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 12
Oct., 61. Killed Whall. 16 Dec., 62. See pp. 127-9.

Manning, Joseph A. Co. F,19. Salem. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 8 Oct.,
61. Disch. for prom. 4 Aug., ’63.

Mansfield, George 8. Corp. Co. F, 29. Salem. Upholsterer. Mard.
U. D.C. Enrd. 1 Oct., 61. Trans. to V. R. C. 8 Feb., 64.

Marsh, Frederick A. Co. H, 21. Boston. Clerk. Mard. Enrd. 5
Dec.,’61. Wd. Whall. Corp. 7 June, 63. Ist Serg. 4 Jan., 64.
See p. 128.

Marshall, Edwin P. 24. Boston. Unassd. Enrd. 19 July, 62. Des.
20 July, 62.

Marshall, Henry. Co. E,31l. Plymth. Mar. Sing. Enrd.17 Oct., 61.
Amb. Disch. exp. of serv.

Marshall, John D. Co. G, 18. Bevly. Cordr. Sing. Eurd. 5 June,
62. Trans. to V. R. C. 21 Sept., 63.

Marshall, Thomas E. 2nd Serg. Co. I, 28. Nbpt. Painter. Mard.
Enrd. 18 Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 27 Sept., ’62.

Marston, Sydney. Co. C, 22. Glouc. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 6 Nov., ’61
Reend. Disch. end of war.

Marston, William H. Corp. Co. C, 24. Glouc. Engineer. Sing. Enrd.
1 Sept., 61. Reend. Clerk Pro. Mar. 64. Disch. end of war.
Martin, Henry. Co. F, b. 2 Feb., 26. Salem. Carpr. Sing. Serv. in
City Guards. Enrd. 28 Oct., 61. Wd. Pbg. Disch. for dis. from

wd. 18 Oct., 64. Pens. $6. Boston. See p. 229.

Martin, Knott V. Capt. Co. B, 41. Mhead. Butcher. Mard. Capt.

Co. C, 8th M. V. M. 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 2 Sept., 61. Disch. for
THE ROSTER. 303

dis. 30 May, 63. Reend. Serg, Maj. 66th M. V.I. 1st Lt. 29
Dec., 64. See pp. 3, 44, 77, 79, 87.

Martin, Thomas, Jr. Wagoner Co. B, 43. Mhead. Teamster. Mard.
Enrd. 25 Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 20 Apl., 63. Died 7 Nov., ’80.

Marx, Edward E. Co. K,34. Boston. Currier. Mard. Enrd. 17 July,
62. Disch. for dis. 12 June, ’63.

Masury, George, 2nd. Co.G,18. Bevly. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 12 Feb.,
64. Disch. end of war.

Matchett, Thomas. Co. C, 24, b. Phila., Pa. Gold-beater. Sing.
Enrd. 1 Sept., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Matthews, David W. Co. H.

Matthews, Ferdinand. Co. F,18. Cambridge. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 4
Oct., 61. Died 10 June, ’62, N. Bne.

Matthews, John 8. Co. K, 44. Stoneham. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 20
Oct., 61. Reend. Disch. end of war.

Maudant, Charles M. Act. Adj. at Lynnfield.

Maxey, William. Co.G,30. Bevly. Fisherman. Sing. Enrd. 11 Oct.,
‘61. Disch. for dis. 20 July, ’62.

Maxim, Charles M. Co. E, b. New Castle, Penn., 17 Aug., 42.
Rochester, Farm. Sing. Enrd. 25 Oct., 61. Corp. 3 Oct., ’62.
Serg. 18 May, 63. 1st Serg. 1 Jan’y, 65. Reend. Ist Lt. to date
from 14 Oct., 64. Disch. end of war as Ist Serg. So. Middle-
boro, Mass.

Maxim, Elbridge A. Co. E, 21, b. Carver. Middleboro. Cordr. Sing.
Co. K, 3rd M. V. M.3 mos. Enrd. 14 Oct., 61. Reend. Died
26 July, 64.

Maxim, Marcus F. Co. E. Middleboro. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 21 Sept.,
61. Disch. exp. of serv.

May, James B. Co. E, b. 13 July, 88. Boston. Clerk.Sing. Enrd. 7
Oct., ’61. Hosp. Clerk. Disch. exp. of serv. Died 11 May, ’83.
Boston.

Maynard, Wallace D. 23. Band. 3rd Cl. Mus. Shrewsbury. Mus.
Sing. Enrd. 24 Oct., 61. Disch. 30 Aug., ’62.

Mears, Henry C. Co.B,18. Essex. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 20 Sept., ’61.
Wd. N. Bne. Disch. for dis. 5 Sept., 62. See p. 69.

Mehurin, Seth. Co. E, 21. Plymth. Laborer. Sing. Eurd. 21 Sept.,
’61. Reend. Disch. from Hosp. 16 May, ’65.

Mehurin, Seth. Co. K, 44. Plymth. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 20 Oct., ’61.
Detld. on Northerner. Disch. for dis. 15 Apl., ’62.

Mendell, Charles H. Co. I, 22. Cambridge. Butcher. Sing. Enrd. 28
Sept., 61. Trans. to V. R. C. 27 Apl., ’64.

Merrill, Charles H. Co. B, 18. Salem, N. H. Sing. Enrd. 21 Oct.,
61. Died 5 July, 62, Annapolis.

 
304 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Merrill, Dennis. Co. I, 21. Ipswich. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 9 Oct., ’61.
Disch. for dis. 10 Dec., 62.

Merrill, Frank H. Unassd. 26. Glouc. Mar. Enrd. 13 Dec., ’62.

Merrill, John A. 8rd Serg. Co. I, 38. Nbpt. Butcher. Mard. Enrd.
12 Sept.,’61. Disch. for dis. 5 Apl., ’63.

Merritt, Francis. Co. B, 22. Eurd. 8 Oct., ’62. Disch. for dis. 1
Mch., ’63.

Merritt, Henry. Lt. Col., b. Mhead., 4 June, 1819. Salem. Watch-
maker. Mard. ‘Enrd. 25 Sept., 61. Prom. from Maj. 24 Oct., ’61.
Killed N. Bne. 14 Mch.,’62. See pp. 5, 26, 39, 65-8, 70-5.

Millard, Francis. Co. E,41. Seekonk. Farm. Mard. Enurd. 29 Aug.,
62. Trans. to V. R. C. 27 Apl., ’64.

Millea, James. Co. B, 35, b. Kilkenny. So. Dnvrs. Farm. Mard.
Enrd. 30 Sept., 61. Reend. Co. Cook. Disch. end of war.
Miller, James. Co. H, 32. Boston. Labor. Sing. Enrd. 30 June, ’64.

Des. Pbg., 28 July, ’64.

Millett, Arthur C. 38rd. Serg. Co. C, 22. Glouc. Caulker. Sing, Co.
G, 8th M. V. M., 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 1 Sept., ’61. Wd. N. Bne.
Disch. for cons. dis. 21 Apl., 63. See p. 69.

Millett, Peter M. Co. B, 43. Mhead. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 9 Sept.,
61. Disch for dis. 7 Sept., ’62.

Millett, Philip B. Co. B,32. Enrd. 23 Sept., ’61. Detld. on gunboat
Ranger. Disch. for dis. 5 July, 62. Died 14 April, ’64.

Millington, Peter. Co. C, 32. Newport, R. I., Mar. Sing. Enrd. 5
Sept., 61. Des. 4 Jan., ’63.

Mitchell, Charles W. 3rd Serg. Co. G, 21. Bevly. Cordr. Sing. Co.
E, 8th M. V. M. 8 mos. serv. Enrd. 9 Sept., 61. Ist Serg. 2nd
Lt., 3 May, 63. 1st Lt. 16 Dec., 63. Disch. exp. of serv.

Mitchell, John N. Co. D,19. N.Bdfd. Boat builder. Sing. Enrd. 15
Oct., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Mitchell, Walter C. Co. H, 18. Shirley. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 17 May,
62. Pris. Dys. Bff. Died, Andville., 11 Sept., 64. Bd. there.
No. 8506. See p. 197.

Monahan, James. Co. B, 18. Mhead. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 21 Oct.,
°61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Monroe, Robert C. Co. A, 19. Salem, Coachman. Single. Enrd. 15
Feb., 64. Disch. end of war.

Montgomery, John H. Co. I, 27. Ipswich. Farm. Mard. Enrd. 9
Nov., 61. Wd. 12 Dec., 62. Disch. for dis. 12 April, 63. See
p. 119.

Mooy, Leonard, J. A. Co. K, 44. Prov. Machinist. Mard. Enrd. 15
Oct., 61. Disch. for dis. 15 Mch., ’62.

Morey, Benjamin F. Corp. Co. C, 19. Glouc. Stone cutter. Sing.
THE ROSTER. 305

Corp. Co. G, 8th M. V. M.3 mos. serv. Enrd.1Sept.,’61. Corp.
22 Nov., 61. Serg. 1 Aug., ’62. 1st Serg. 12 Jan., 63. Reend.
Ag. 2nd Lt., June, 64. Commd. Ist Lt., 29 Aug., ’64. Capt. 14
Oct., 64. Wd. Kinston, 8 Mch., 65. Disch. Serg. end of war.
See p. 246.

Morey, William. Co. C, 21. E. Boston. Mar. Enrd. 1 Sept., ’61.
Killed, N. Bne., 14 Mch., ’62. See p. 68.

Morgan, Edmand C. Co. G, 18. Manchester. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 15
Feb., 64. Pris. Dys. Bff. Died, Andville., 5 Aug., ’64. See p.
196.

Morgan, George H. Co. G, 23. Manchester. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 22
Sept., 61. Cook Reg. H. Q. Corp., 8 Jan., 64. Disch. exp. of
serv.

Morgan, Nathaniel. Co. G, 21. Bevly. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 1 Oct.,
61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Morgan, Patrick. Co. B, 33. Salem. Labor. Mard. Enrd. 3 Sept.,
61. Pris. Dys. Bff. Died, Andville., 7 Sept.,’64. Bd. there. No.
8077. See p. 196.

Morrill, David. Co. H, 28. Shirley. Carder. Mard. Enrd. 15 Sept.,
61. Amb. Disch. exp. of serv.

Morrill, David C. Co. 1,19. Nbpt. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 8 Oct., ’61.
Disch. for dis. 6 Aug., ’62.

Morrill, George T. Co. B, 40. S. Dnvrs. Morocco dresser. Mard.
Enrd. 20 Sept., 61. Killed, 29 July, 64. Pbg. Bd. City Point.
No. 2344. See p. 228.

Morris, John. Co. K, 28. N.Bne. Enrd. 21 Dec., 64. Des. 7 Feb.,
65.

Morrison, William. Co. I, 36. Nbpt. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 10 Oct.,
61. Disch. for dis. 25 May, ’62.

Morse, Artemas. Co. D, 24. N.Bdfd. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 15 Oct.,
61. Wd.N.Bne. Disch. for dis. 14 Oct., 62. See p. 69.

Morse, Charles C. Co. F, 24.4 Salem. Peddler. Mard. Enrd. 8 Aug.,
62. Trans. to V. R. C., 8 Feb., ’64.

Morse, Gamaliel H. ist Serg. Co. B, 25. Mbhead. Cordr. Mard. Co.
C., 8th M. V. M., 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 2 Sept., 61. Died of wds.
recd. at Rke., 10 Feb., 62. See p. 48.

Morton, Joseph. Unassd., 21. S. Duvrs. Enrd. 5 July, 64. Disch.
unknown.

Moses, James. Co. A, 21. Bevly. Cordr. Sing. Co. A, 5th M. V. M.
3 mos. serv. Enrd. 7 Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 17 Oct., 62.
Moses, John E. Co. A, 30. Bevly. Cordr. Sing. Co. E, 8th M. V.

M. 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 23 Aug., 61. Disch. for dis. 1 July, 63.

Munroe, Alexander A. Co. F. Salem. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 9 Nov.,

61. Disch. exp. of serv.

20
306 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Munsey, William. Co. G, 18. Bevly. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 19 Sept.,
61. Corp. Serg. 17 Jan.,’63. Reend. Pris. Dys. Bff. Exchgd.
Ist Serg., 28 Feb., 65. Commd. Ist Lt., 14 Oct., 64. Disch. as
Ist Serg. end of war. See p. 196.

Munyon, Emery. Co. H, 18. Shirley. Operative. Sing. Enrd. 10
Sept., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Murdock, Frank W. Co. D, 17. Wareham. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 15
Oct., 61. Cap’s. serv. Wd.C.H. Disch. exp. of serv. See p.
219.

Murdock, John. Band, 21, 2nd Cl. Mus. Boston. Confectioner. Sing.
Enrd. 12 Oct., 61. Disch. 30 Aug., ’62.

Murphy, Jeremiah. Co. H,35. Boston. Carpr. Mard. Enrd. 18 July,
62. Disch. for dis. 13 June, ’63.

Murphy, William H. Co. A, 18. Salem. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 21 Jan.,
64. Disch. end of war.

Murray, Martin. Co. B, 21. 8S. Dnvrs. Labor. Sing. Enrd. 1 Oct.,
61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Muzzey, David Patterson. 2nd Lt. Co.I, b. 1 Nov., 38, Cambridge.
Lawyer. Sing. Co. A, IstM. V. I., 23 May, ’61. Disch. for prom.
1 Aug., 61. Enrd. 11 Sept., 61. Res. 17 July, ’62. 2nd Lt., 41st
M. V. I. (aftwds. 3rd cav.), 16 Sept., 62. Ist Lt., 1 Nov., ’62.
Capt., 17 June, 63. Maj., 15 Aug., 65. Commd. Lt. Col., 5 Oct.,
65. A.A. D.C. onstaff of Gen. Sheridan in Shenandoah Valley.
Disch. Maj. of 8rd Cav. end of war.

Mylod, Warren M. Co. K, 380, b. Dedham. Walpole. Bsmith. Mard.
Enrd. 25 Oct., 61. Reend. Wd. Pbg. Disch. end of war. See
p. 229.

N

Nagel, Jacob. Corp. Co. F, 34. Salem. Tailor. Mard. U.D.C.
Enrd. 1 Oct., 61. Disch. for dis. 20 March, ’63.

Nagle, John. Co. K, 25, b. Ireland. §S. Dnvrs. Currier. Mard. Enrd.
9 July, 62. Reend. Disch. end of war.

Nason, George W., Jr. Co. H, 27. Boston. Expressman. Mard.
Enrd. 2 Sept., 61. Comp.Commy. Elected by the company Chief
Engineer of the New Berne Fire Department and, as such, ap-
pointed Colonel. Disch. exp. of serv.

Needham, James. Co. B, 41. Salem. Cigar-maker. Mard. Enrd. 7
Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 30 May, ’63. Died, 16 May, °67, at
Salem.

Nelson, Alexander. Co. H,31. Shirley. Farm. Mard. Enrd. 9 Sept.,
61. Disch. for dis. 3 Mch., ’62.

Nelson, Fletcher N. Corp. Co. H, 18. Somerville. Currier. Sing.
Enrd. 5 Oct., 61. Pris. Dys. Biff. Died, Richmond, Va., 11 June,
64. Bd. Richmond, Va. No. 2067. See p. 195.
THE ROSTER. 307

Newell, Albert J. Co. K, 22. Franklin. Engineer. Sing. Enrd. 1
Nov., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Newell, George. Co. F, 20. Dnvrs. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 6 May, ’62.

Newhall, William. Co. H, 43. So. Reading. Teamster. Mard. Enrd.
25 Oct., 61. Amb. driver. Disch. for dis. 17 May, ’62.

Newton, John L. Corp. Co. B, 24. Mhead. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 14
Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 10 Oct., '62._ Died, 17 Jan., °79.

Nichols, Jefferson. Co. A, 35. Dnvrs. Farm. Mard. Enrd. 27 May,
62. Disch. for dis. 21 Mch., 63.

Nichols, Stephen D. Co. E, 35. Mendon. Farm. Enrd. 9 Aug., ’62.
Disch. for dis. 24 Nov., ’62.

Nickerson, Ansel. Co. G, 26. Middleton. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 24
Oct., 61. Disch. for dis. April, 62. Inj. by fall of stack of mus-
kets at Perryville.

Nickett, Frank. Co. B, 22. §.Kingston,N.H. Bsmith. Sing. Enrd.
5 Sept., 61. Pris. Dys. Bff. Died, Richmond, Va., 3 Mch., ’65.
See p. 196.

Niles, Peter H. 2nd Lt. Co. H, 40. Boston. Machinist. Mard. Enrd.
28 Sept., ’61. Detld. on Sig. Corps, 27 Dec., ’61. Disch. for
appt. in said Corps, 3 June, ’63. See p. 239.

Nimblet, Benjamin F. Co. B, 30. Salem. Currier. Mard. Enrd. 20
May, 62. Reend. Corp. Wd. C. H. Disch. end of war. Died,
Salem, 8 Aug., 75. See p. 219.

Norcross, William O. 4th Serg., Co. B, 20. Mhead. Cordr. Sing.
Co. C, 8th M. V. M., 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 2 Sept., 61. On gun
crew. Serg. 23 Sept.,’61. 2nd Lt. 12 Jan.,’63. Res. 31 Aug., ’63.
See p. 41.

North, Abraham. Co. K, 35. Dnvrs. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 2 Jane,
62. Disch. for dis. 17 Oct., ’62.

Norton, John B. Co. G, 28. Lanesboro. Teamster. Mard. Enrd. 6
Jan., 65. Disch. end of war.

Norwood, Israel. Co. I, b. 25 Nov., ’24, Glouc. Hamilton. Carpr.
Mard. Enrd. 31 July, 62. Disch. exp. of serv. Asbury Grove,
Hamilton.

Norwood, John F. Co. C,22. Glouc. Mar. Mard. Enrd, 22 July, ’62,
Disch. exp. of serv.

Nourse, George H. Co. F,19. Salem. Printer. Sing. Enrd. 14 May,
62. Wd. Whall. Disch. for dis., 27 April, 63. See p. 128.

Nye, Timothy W. Co.C, 21. Glouc. Painter. Sing. Enrd. 18 July,
62. Disch. exp. of serv.

Oo

Obear, Edward H. Corp. Co. G, 21. Bevly. Cordr. Sing. Co. E,
8th M. V. M., 8 mos. sery. Enrd. 9 Sept., 61. Disch. exp. of
serv.
308 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

O’Brien, James. Co. H, 21. Boston. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 18 July.
62. Wd. Whall. Disch. for dis. 15 April, 62. See p. 128.

O’Conner, Daniel. Co. K. Amesbury. Teamster. Sing. Enrd. 23
July, 62. Reend. from 8. Dnvrs. Disch. end. of war.

O’Hare, Charles H. Co. A, 16. Salem. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 30 Aug.,
61. Reend. as music. Ordy. Brig. H. Qrs. Disch. end of war.

Oliver, Charles E. Co. H, 21. Lunenburg. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 29
Oct., 61. Disch. for dis. 8 Sept., ’62.

O’Neal, Thomas. Co. D, 18. Boston. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 15 Oct., ’61.
Disch. for dis. 9 Nov., ’62.

Ormond, Patrick. Co. D, 29, b. Waterford, Ired. N. Bdfd. Labor.
Mard. Enrd. 20 Sept., 61. Reend. Pris. Dys. Bff. Left sick,
Andville., Sept., 64. See p. 196.

Osborn, HoraceM. Co.G,18. Manehr. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 29 Sept.,
61. Drowned retg. from furl., 18 June, ’63.

Osborne, Frederick M. Co. F,17. Salem. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 7 Nov.,
61. Trans. to V. R.C., 27 Apl., 64.

Osborne, Stephen H. Co. G,34. Salem. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 14 May,
62. Wd. Smithfield. Pris. Kinston, ’65. Exch. and disch. 0.
W.D. 13 June, 65. See p. 164.

Osgood, Edward T. 4th Serg. Co. A, 21. Salem. Cordr. Sing. Co.
J, 8th M. V. M., 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 21 Aug., ’61. Disch. exp.
of serv.

Osgood, George BE. Co. F,19. Salem. Saddler. Sing, Enrd. 5 Oct.,
761. On gun crew. Trans. to V. R. C., 8 Feb., ’64. Died, 5
June, ’79,Salem. See pp. 42, 67.

Osier, Timothy H. Co. C, 19, b. Bremen, Me. Glouc. Mar. Enrd.
17 Nov., 62. Reend. Pioneer. Disch. end of war.

P

Packard, George P. Corp. Co. K, 38. Wrentham. Farm. Mard.
Enrd. 7 Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 5 Apl., ’63.

Page, Edward W. Co. A, 23. Bevly. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 24 Aug.,
61. Disch. for dis. 7 Apl., ’63.

Page, James W. Co. E, 18. Boston. Nailer. Sing. Enrd. 21 Sept.,
61. Reend. Wd. Dys. Bff. Disch. end of war. See p. 195.
Page, Josiah, Jr. Co. A, 35. Hampton, N. H. Currier. Mard. Enrd.

4 Jan., 64. Disch. end of war.
Paine, Joseph A., Jr. Co. A, 17. Salem. Student. Sing. Enrd. 9
Nov.,’61. Wd. N.Bne. Disch. for dis. 11 July, 62. See p. 69.
Paine, Thomas. Co. B, 42. Mhead. Teamster. Mard. Enrd. 25
Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 8 Sept., 62. Died, 23 Nov., ’80.
Palmer, John. Co. C, 43. Glouc. Labor. Mard. Enrd. 2 Nov., ‘61.
Disch. for dis. 27 Nov., ’63.
THE ROSTER. 309

Paren, Moses. Co. K, 29. Wrentham. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 7 Sept.,
61. Disch. for dis. 28 May, ’63.

Parker, Charles F. Co. G, 23. Bevly. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 1 Oct.,
61. Disch. for dis. 7 Jan., 62.

Parker, John J. Co. C,19. Glouc. Mar. Sing. Co. G, 8th M. V. M.
3mos. serv. Enrd. 29 Oct., 61. Corp. 24 May, ’62. Serg., 1
May, 63. Reend. Ag. Serg. Maj., 65. Commd. Ist Lt. Disch.
as Serg. end of war. See p. 40.

Parker, Preston. Co. A, 18. Boston. Cooper. Sing. Enrd. 10 Sept.,
61. Disch. exp. of serv. See p. 40.

Parks, Solomon, Jr. Co. A, 20, b. Portsmouth, N. H. Nobpt. Cordr.
Sing. Enrd. 1 Oct., 61. Reend. Died, 30 Oct., 64. N. Bne.
See p. 235.

Parsons, John D. Corp. Co. I, b. 21 Oct., ’25. Nbpt. Printer. Mard.
Member Cushing Guards, ’4£8—’5€. Enrd. 11 Sept., 61. Detld.
printer on “ Progress.” Reend. Wd. Dys. Bff. and Kinston, ’65.
Disch. from hosp. 17 June, ’65. Died, 21 Dec., ’84. See pp. 56,
81-2, 195, 246.

Parsons, William. Co. E, 23. Salem. Mason. Mard. Enrd. 5 Aug.,
62. Pris. Dys. Bff. Died, Andville., 22 June, ’64. Bd. there.
No. 2327. See p. 196.

Patch, John S. Co. D, 23. Salem. Brewer. Mard. Enrd.2 Aug., 62.
Pris. Dys. Bff. Paroled, 10 Dec., 64. See p. 196.

Paulding, Daniel H. Co. E, 27. Plymth. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 21
Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 1 Dec., ’62.

Paulding, George O. Co. E, 19. Duxbury. Cordr. Sing. Enurd. 21
Sept., 61. Des. 20 June, 63.

Peabody, Charles P. Co. B, 19. Middleton. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 20
Oct., 61. Reend. Disch. end of war.

Peabody, Isaiah B. Co. H, 42. Boston. Enrd. 6 Dec.,’61. Disch.
for dis. 8 Sept., ’62.

Peabody, John W. Co. F, 44. Middleton. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 9
Nov., 61. Disch. for dis. 2 Jan., ’64.

Peabody, Thomas. Co. I, 36. Ipsh. Carpr. Mard. Enrd. 9 Oct., ’61.
Disch. for dis. 22 Nov. ’63.

Peabody, William W. Co. B, 18. Middleton. Cordr. Sing. Enrd.
14 Sept., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Peach, Henry. 2nd Serg. Co. K, 35. Sharon. Storekeeper. Mard.
Co. A, 4th M. V. M. 3 mos. serv. Enurd. 3 Sept., 61. Overseer
of poor whites, N. Bne., 16 Aug.,’62. Disch. 5 Sept.,’62. Reend.
18 Jan., 64. Disch. end of war.

Peach, Thomas J., Jr. Co. B, 20. Mhead. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 7
Aug., 62. Corp. 10 Dec., ’63. Lost overbd. from stmr. Wenonah
8 Sept., 64. See p. 230.
3810 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Pearson, Benjamin F. Co. E, 33. Abington. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 7
Oct., 61. Detid. for Sig. Corps, 27 Dec.,’61. Trans. to it, 12
Aug., 63. See p. 239.

Pearson, E. H., see Rounds, Co. A.

Peasley, John. Unassd. 28. Boston. Enrd. 26 July, ’62.

Peatfield, Joseph 8. Co. I, 18. Ipsh. Labor. Sing. Enrd. 4 June,
62. Died, 30 July, 63. N. Bne. Bd. there. No. 1559.

Peatfield, William P. Co. 1,18. Ipsh. Mechan. Sing. Enurd. 5 Oct.,
61. Wd. Whall. Died of wds. 17 Dec., 62. See p. 127.

Peckham, Isaac 8. Co. D, 23. N. Bdfd. Teamer. Sing. Enrd. 15
Oct., 61. Disch. for dis. 13 June, 63. See p. 67. |

Peckham, Samuel H. Co. H, 24. Harvard. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 9
Sept., 61. Asst. Comp. Teamster. Disch. for dis. 21 July, ’62.

Peckham, William C. Co. H, 20. Harvard. Student. Sing. Enrd. 2
Oct., 61. Disch. for dis. 2 May, ’62.

Pedrick, Benjamin. Co. B,42. Mbhead. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 20Sept.,
61. Cook. Disch. exp. of serv.

Peirce, Charles P. Co. D, 21. Boston. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 5 Aug.,
62, Wd. Whall. Pro. Mar. Clk., 64. Disch. exp. of serv. See
p. 128.

Peirce, Charles T. Co. A, 18. Somerville. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 20
June, 62, Trans.toV.R.C., 8 Feb., ’64.

Peirce, Frank. Co. H, 32. Glouc. Co. C 8th M. V.M., 3 mos. serv.
Enrd. 4 Dec., 61. Corp. Killed at Whall., 16 Dec., 62. See p.
127.

Peirce, Henry Bailey. Co. E, b. 6 Aug., ’41, Duxbury, Mass. Abing-
ton. Clerk. Mard. Enrd. 14 Oct., 61. Commy. Serg., 9 Dec.,
‘62. Ist. Lt. 1 Sept., 63. R.Q.M., 3 Jan., 64. Commd. Cap.,
20 Sept., 64. Ag. Commy. on Gen. Harland’s staff. Disch. as 1st
Lt., end of war. Sec. of the Commonwealth. State House, Bos-
ton. See pp. 166, 234, 250.

Pemberton, Lewis E. Co. B,19. Havhill.Cordr. Enrd. 2 Sept., ’61.
Disch. for dis. 24 May, ’62.

Pender, Thomas. Co. I, 21. Nbpt. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 20 Sept., ’61.
Disch. for dis., 10 May, ’63.

Pendergast, James. Co. G, 21. Roxbury. Teamster. Sing. Enrd.
23 Feb., ’65. Disch. end of war.

Perkins, Eben S. Co. F, 26. Salem. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 16 Oct., ’61.
Disch. exp, of term. :

Perkins, Henry F. Co. E, 36. Kingston. Tobacconist. Mard. Enrd.
21 Dec., 63. Cook. Disch. end of war.

Perkins, Isaac H. Co. E, 24. Plymth. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 21 Sept.,
61. Reend. Wd.C.H. Died of wds. 26 June. 64, Washington,
D.C. Bd. Arlington, Va. No. 5773. See p. 218.
THE ROSTER. 311

Perkins, Joseph P. Co. G, 37. Boxford. Farm. Mard. Enrd. 22
Sept., 61. Reg. Wagoner. Disch. for dis. 2 June, ’62.

Perkins, Josiah A. Co.I, 29. Ipsh. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 9 Mch.,
64. Wd. Dys. Bf. Disch. O. W. D., 21 June, 65. See p. 195.

Perkins, Merrill, Jr. Co. G, 37. Tamworth. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 29
Sept., 61. Trans. to V. R. C. 8 Feb., 64.

Perkins, William H. Co. I, 29. Nbpt. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 3 Oct.,
61. Disch. for dis. 8 July, ’62.

Perry, Edward B. Corp.Co.G. Bevly.Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 9 Sept.,
61. Trans. to V. R. C., 8 Feb., ’64.

Perry, Nathan B. Co. E, 34. Plymth. Teamster. Mard. Enrd. 21
Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 4 Sept., ’62. ‘

Pew, Charles H. Co. C, 20. Glouc. Clerk. Mard. Enrd. 1 Sept., ’61.
Wd. Whall. Corp. 12 Jan., 63. Disch. for prom. 2nd. Lt. 11th
Unattd. Co. 3rd Hy. Arty. 12 Mch., 64. Ist Lt. 21 April, ’65.
Disch. end of war. See p. 127. ;

Phillips, Jacob. Co. B, 30. Swampscott. Cordr. Mard. Co. I, 29th M.
V.I., 14 May, ’61. Disch. exp. of serv. Enrd. 17 Feb., ’64.
Disch. end of war.

Phillips, Joshua B. Co. C, 40. Lynn. Carpr. Mard. Enrd. 1 Sept.,
61. Disch. for dis. 8 July, ’62.

Phippen, George P. Co. F,19. Salem. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 10 Oct.
61. Corp. Disch. exp. of serv. Died, 1884.

Phyfe, John M. Unassd., 32. Boston. Manuf. Sing. Enrd. 18 July,
62.

Pickett, George A. Co. G, 25. Bevly. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 9 Aug.,
62. Wd. Whall. Disch. exp. of serv. See p. 128.

Pickett, George H. Corp. Co. G, 24. Bevly. Carpr. Sing. Co. E,
8th M. V. M. 3 mos. serv. Eurd.9 Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 3
Oct., ’62.

Pierce, James L. Co. A, 18. Mhead. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 28 Aug.,
°61. Disch. for dis. 8 Sept., ’62.

Pierce, Samuel. Co. D, 26. N. Bdfd. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 15 Oct., ’61.
Disch. for dis. 1 Mch., ’63.

Pierce, Thomas G. Corp. Co. K, 29. Foxboro. Mercht. Mard. Enrd.
27 Aug., 61. Sergt. 1 Aug., 62. Disch. for dis. 9 Sept., ’62.
Pierce, William H. Corp. Co. K, 21. Foxboro. Gentleman. Sing.
Co. F, 4th M. V. M., 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 27 Aug., ’61. Sergt. 4

Sept., 62. Disch. for dis. 10 July, ’63.

Pierce, William T. Co. E,18. Plymth. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 23 Oct.,
61. Trans. to V. R. C. 13 Feb., 64.

Pike, Elbridge C. Co. H, 29. Boston. Enrd. 6 Dec.,’61. Disch.
for dis. 28 Oct., ’62.

Pike, William C. Co. H, 26. Boston. Cordr. Enrd. 6 Dec., ’61.

Corp. 6 Aug., ’64.
312 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Pillsbury, Wilson M. Co. H, 23. Avon, Me. Teamster. Sing. Enrd.
5 Sept., 61. Wd. N. Bune. Died next day, 15 Mch., ’62. See
p. 69.

Pinckton, William. Unassd. 84. Salem. Machin. Mard. Enrd. 14
July, 62.

Pinder, Daniel F. Co. 1,19. Ipsh. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 10 Oct., ’61.
Corp. 19 Ang., 62. Sergt. 18 Nov., 62. Disch. exp. of serv.
Pingree, Aaron 8. Unassd. 21. Boston. S. carpr. Mard. Eurd. 29

July, ’62.

Pinkham, Charles F. Co. E, 42. Lynn. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 21
Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 28 May, 63.

Pinkham, William A. Co. F, 25. Salem. Baker. Sing. Enrd. 15
Oct., 61. Wd. N. Bne. Detld. Baker. Died 30 Sept., 64, Ft.
Monroe. See p. 69.

Piper, Elbridge B. Co. K, 18. Walpole. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 2 Sept.,
61. Died 18 Apl., 62, N. Bne.

Piper, Samuel Newell. Co. K, b. 28 May, ’36. Walpole. Draughts-
man. Mard. Enrd. 28 Sept., 61. Detld. Q. M. Clerk 19 Oct., ’61.
Q. M. Serg. 5 June, 63. Disch. exp. of serv.

Pitcher, Jonathan. Co. K, 40. Medway. Farm. Mard. Enrd. 25
Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 24 May, 62.

Pitts, Otis. Co. D,42. Salem. Teamster. Sing. Enrd. 15 Feb., ’65.
Disch. end of war.

Pohl, Charles. Co. D, 32. N. Bdfd. Labor. Mard. Enrd. 20 Sept.,
61. Disch. for dis. Nov.,’63. Reend. V. R. C. 2 Nov.,’64. Disch.
end of war.

Pollock, David M. Co. A, 21. Salem. Currier. Sing. Enrd. 24 July,
°62. Disch. exp. of serv.

Poor, George. Co. I, 28. Ipsh. Bsmith. Sing. Enrd. 5 Oct., ’61.
Disch. dishon. 2 Dec., ’61.

Poor, Leverett. Co. A, b. 28 Feb., 388. S. Dnvrs. Farm. Sing.
Enrd. 25 Aug.,’61. Detld. in Reg. Hosp. ’62. Corp. 17 Mch., ’63.
Reend. Sergt. 12 Jan., ’64. Wd. Kinston 65. Commd. 1st Lt.
14 Oct., 64. Disch. for dis. as Sergt. end of war. Pens. $8.
See p. 246.

Pope, Benjamin C. Co. B, 20. Salem. Farm. Sing. Enrd.7 Sept.,
761. Disch. exp. of serv. Reend. in Co. B, llth V. R. C. 31
Dec., 64. Disch. endof war. Died 8 Feb., ’77, Salem.

Porter, Joshua Frank. Corp. Co. C, 28. Glouc. Carpr. Mard. Enrd.
1 Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 6 Jan., 62.

Porter, Thomas F. Co. I, 21, b. Great Falls, N. H. N. Andover.
Cordr. Sing. Onguncrew. Enrd. 10 Oct., 61. Reend. as Sergt.
Wd. S’fleld. Died of wds. 15 Apl., 64, Hampton, Va. See pp.
42, 67, 164.
THE ROSTER. 313

Potter, Frederick A. Corp. Co. B, 30. Mhead. Millwright. Mard.
Enrd. 9 Sept., 61. Sergt. 14 Mch., 68. Wd. Dys. Bff. Disch.
exp. of serv. See p. 195.

Potter, Walter A. Co.D,18. N. Bdfd. Labor. Sing. Enrd. 20 Sept.,
61. Killed N. Bne., 14 Mch., 62. See pp. 68, 100.

Pratt, Edward A. Co. E, 26. Kingston. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 21
Sept., 61. Disch. 5 May, ’64, Hampton, Va.

Pratt, Henry. Co. E, 44. Abington. Labor. Mard. Enrd. 21 Sept.,
61. Pris. Dys. Bff. Died Andville., 15 Aug., 64. See pp. 190-6.

Pratt, Henry M. Co. H, Boston.

Pratt, Joseph. Co. EH, 28. Kingston. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 21 Sept.,
761. Trans. to V. R. C. 13 Feb., 64.

Pratt, Nathaniel. Co. E,18. Plympton. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 21 Sept.,
61. Disch. for dis. 29 Aug., ’62.

Prescott, William A. Co. C, 30, b. Exeter, N. H. Boston. Baker.
Enrd. 3 Dec., ’61.

Prescott, William H. Co. H,b. 30 Jan’y, ’30, Pittsfield, N. H. Bos-
ton. Machinist. Mard. Enrd. 26 Oct., ’61. Corp. 2 June, ’62.
Sergt. 2 May, 64. Wd. Whall. Disch. exp. ofserv. See p. 128.

Priest, John F. Co. G, 22. Harvard. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 11 Sept.,
61. Disch. for dis. 26 Oct., 62.

Prime, William H. H. Co. F, b. 28 Oct., 40. Salem. Clerk. Sing.
Member of Salem Cadets. Enrd. 9 Oct., 61. A. Hosp. Stew.
April, 62. Disch. for prom. 6 Dec., 62. Hosp. Stew. U.S. A.
Died 27 Sept., 64. See py. 105, 236.

Prince, George. Co. B, 40. Salem. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 9 Oct., 61.
Died 9 June, 64, acc. wd. of axe, Pt. Lookout, Md.

Prince, Oliver. Co. K, 31. Foxboro. Farm. Mard. Enrd. 2 Sept.,
61. Disch. for. dis. 15 Mch., ’63.

Procter, George A. Corp. Co. C, 27. Glouc. Carpr. Mard, Enrd. 24
Oct., 61. Sergt. 26 July, 62. Ist Sergt. 1 Aug., 62. 2nd Lt. 9
Dec., 62. Disch. for dis. 11 Aug., ’63.

Proctor, John. Co. K, 28. Medfield. Bsmith. Sing. Enrd. 7 Nov.,
61. Pris. Stmr. Fawn. Exchd. and dischd. See p. 230.

Proctor, John J. Co. C, b. 8 Aug., ’87. Glouc. Sail mkr. Mard.
Drummer Co. G, 8th M. V. M., 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 2 Aug., 62.
Detld. drummer. Wd. Whall. Disch. exp. of serv. Pens. $2.
See p. 128.

Pulcifer, George. Corp. Co. C, 238. Glouc. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 1
Sept., 61. Sergt. 27 Mch.,’64. Disch. exp. of serv. See p. 163.

Pulsifer, David F. Co. A, 18. Salem. Clerk. Sing. Eurd. 23 Feb.,
64. Killed Kinston 8 Mch., 65. See p. 246.

Putnam, Charles H. Co. B, 26. §S. Dnvrs. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 21
Oct.,’61. Disch. for dis. 16 Nov., ’62.
314 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Putnam, Edward B. Co. F,b. 23 Jan’y, 46, Dnvrs. 8S. Dnvrs. Print-
er. Sing. Member Salem Light Inf. Enrd. 2 May, ’62. Music.
Reend. Disch. end of war.

Putnam, William. Co. I, 35. Nbpt. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 8 Oct., 61.
Disch. for dis. 8 Sept., ’62.

Q

Quested, James K. Co. I. 18. Nbpt. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 3 Oct.,
61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Quinlan, John. Co. E, 30. Plymth. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 26 Jan., ’64.
Pris. Dys. Bff. Paroled. Disch. O. W. D. 18 June, 65. See p.
196. ,

Quinlan, Thomas. Co. G, 33. Salem. Lab. Mard. Enrd. 4 Jan’y, ’65.
Disch. end of war.

Quinn, James. Co. K, 30. Salem. Cooper. Mard. Enrd. 19 July, ’62.
Disch. for dis. 14 Jan’y, ’63.

Quinn, Patrick. Co. B, 19. Salem. Lab. Sing. Enrd. 12 Sept., 61.
Disch. exp. of serv.

R

Rall, Barney. Co. D, 44. Boston. Lab. Mard. Enrd. 30 Aug., ’6].
Disch. for dis. 19 Nov., ’63.

Ramsdell, Albert. Co. B, 28. Lynn. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 28 Oct., ’61.
Disch. exp. of serv. ‘

Ramsdell, Jacob H. Co. B, 25. Lynn. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 28 Oct.,
61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Ramsdell, James. Co. D, 19, b. Nantucket. N. Bdfd. Tinman. Sing.
Enrd. 20 Sept.,’61. Reend. Corp. 1 Jan., 65. Disch. end of
war.

Randall, Lewis L. Co. G, b. 30 May, 43, Thomaston, Me. Bevly.
Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 26 Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 13 Jan’y, ’63.
Mard., three sons. New Haven, Conn.

Ratcliffe, Hezekiah. Co. H, 26. Unity, Me. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 26
Aug., ’61.

Ray, William H. Co. B, 19, b. Boxford. Middleton. Farm. Sing.
Enrd. 20 Oct., 61. Reend. Pris. Dys. Bff. Left at Andville.,
sick Sept., 64. See p. 196.

Raymond, Harvey A. Co. E, 27. Abington. Bootmaker. Sing. Enrd.
2 Aug., 62. Killed at Whall., 16 Dec., 62. See p. 127.

Raymond, John W. Capt. Co. G, 33. Bevly. Farm. Mard. Ist Lt.
Co. E, 8th M. V. M.,3 mos. serv. Enrd. 8 Sept., 61. Wd. Dys.
Bff. and C. H. A Maj. 20 June, 64. Lt. Col. 29 Aug., 64. Wd.
Pbg. Commd. Col. 20 Sept., 64. Disch. as Lt. Col. end of war.
THE ROSTER. 315

See pp. 8, 65, 85-9, 146-58-65-88-90, 219-20-3-5-8-9-30-4-493-5-9—
50.

Record, Lewis L. Chaplain, b. 1 Sept., °16, at Auburn, Me. Bow-
doin Coll., 45. Commd. from civil life at Annisquam, Mass., 23
April, 64, Disch. end of war. Died 7 Dec., 72, Marlborough, N.
H. See pp. 201-4~8-47.

Reed, Benjamin A. Co. F, 26. Salem. Carpr. Mard. Enrd. 14 Oct.,
61. Disch. for dis. 27 Oct., 62.

Reed, David N. Co. B, 27. S. Duvrs. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 14 Oct.,
61. Disch for dis. 10 May, ’63.

Reed, Elliot S. Co. A, 18, b. Northfield. Ashland. Farm. Sing.
Enrd. 9 Oct., 61. Reend. Disch. O. W. D. 16 May, ’65.

Reed, James. Co. C,b. 17 Jan’y,’27, Nbpt. Glouc. Mar. Enrd. 12
Nov., 62. Reend. Co. Cook. Disch. end of war.

Reed, Perrin W. Co. G, 36, b. Langdon, N. H. Bevly. Turner. Mard.
Enrd. 4 Oct., 61. Reend. Wd. Dys. Bff. Disch. end of war.
See p. 195.

Reed, William. Co. H, 32. Bevly. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 6 Dec., 61.
Guard stmr. Mathilde °64.

Reeves, John. Co. I, 25, b. Haverhill, N. H. Holliston. Bootmaker.
Mard. Enrd. 3 Sept., 61. Wd. Whall. Died 29 Oct., ’64, N.
Bne. See p. 128.

Reynolds, Alfred. Co. D, 23. Dartmouth. Farm. Mard. Enrd. 31
Oct., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Reynolds, George F. Co. H,21. Boston. Farm. Sing. Enrd.6 Aug.,
62. Trans. to V. R.C. 8 Feb., ’64.

Reynolds, Wilson. Co. D, 30. N. Bdfd. Teamer. Mard. Enrd. 15
Oct., 61. Asst. Wagoner. Disch. exp. of serv. Dead.

Rice, Anson. Co. C, 33, b. Smithfield, R. I. Lynnfield. Cordr. Enrd.
22 Oct., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Rich, Sargent S. Co. C,18. Glouc. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 9 Nov., ’61.
Reend. Corp. 24 Oct.,’64. Disch. end of war.

Richards, John H. Co. A, 23. Salem. Printer. Sing. Enrd. 3 Sept.,
61. On guncrew. Disch. for dis. 12 Sept., 62. See p. 41.
Richardson, Edward. Co. K, b. 23 Feb., 45. Foxboro. Baker. Sing.
Enrd. 20 Sept., 61. Disch. exp. of serv. Pension $8. Quincy,

Mass. Two sons.

Richardson, E. Lyman. Co. E, 28. Kingston. Baggage master. Sing.
Enrd. 1 Jan., 64. Died 1 Oct., 64, N. Bne. See p. 236.

Richardson, Henry H. Co. A, 21, b. Lynn. Dnvrs. Moroc.-dress.
Sing. Enrd. 2 Aug., 62. Reend. Disch. end of war.

Richardson, William H. Co. A, 22,b. Lynn. Dnvrspt. Moroc.-dress,
Sing. Co. H, 5th M. V. M.,3 mos. serv. Enrd. 23 Aug., ’61.
Reend. Detld. Q. M. Dep. ’64-5. Disch. end of war.
316 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Ricker, Francis M. Co. A, 19. Salem. Mason. Sing. Enrd. 20 Feb.,
64. Wd. Dys. Bff. Disch. O. W. D. 28 Apl., 63. See p. 195.

Riggs, Moses. Co. C, 41. Glouc. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 22 July, 62.
Trans. to V. R. C. 11 Jan., 64. Died 20 June, ’80, Riverdale,
Mass.

Riley, John H. Co. B, 18. Boston. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 9 Sept., ’61.
Disch. exp. of serv.

Ring, William A. Co.G,23. Newton. Joiner. Mard. Enrd. 18 Jan’y,
65. Disch. end of war.

Robbins, Louis L. Corp. Co. F, b. 5 Dec., 41. Salem. Salesman.
Sing. Enrd. 2 Oct., 61. Commy. Clerk on ‘“ Pilot Boy.” Wd.
N. Bne. Disch. for dis. Mard. 2s.1d. Nyack, N. Y.
See p. 69.

Roberts, Henry L. Co. K, 25. Salem. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 21 July,
762. Trans. to V. R. C. 8 Feb., 64. Died Center, Iowa, 5
Nov., 67.

Roberts, Isaac N. Co. K, 28. Dnvrs. Teamer. Mard. Enrd.1 Nov.,
61. Wagoner. Hosp. Nurse 20 Nov., 61. Hosp. Stew. 25 June,
63. Died as H. S. 18 Oct., 63. N. Bne.

Roberts, Jacob. Asst. Surg., b. Phila., 21 Mch., ’36. Appd. from civil
life 7 Aug., 62. Res. 16 July, 63. See pp. 99, 109-20-27-30-42.

Roberts, John 8. Co. F,24. Salem. Teamster. Sing. Enrd. 14 Oct.,
761. Ambul. driver. Disch. for dis. 22 Nov., ’63.

Roberts, Joseph F. Corp. Co. D, 69. N. Bdfd. Engineer. Mard.
Enrd. 19 Sept., 61. Corp. 20 Oct. 62. Disch. for prom. 22 Feb.,
63. 2nd Lt. Ist N.C. U. V.

Robinson, Samuel G. Fifer, Co. I, ’43. Nbpt. Music. Mard. Enrd. 1
Oct., 61. Prin. Music. 1 Jan., 62. Disch. for dis. 4 Oct., 62.
Robinson, William W. Co. I, 24. Nbpt. Painter. Mard. Enrd. 1

Oct., 61. Commy. Clerk ’64. Disch. exp. of serv.

Rogers, Joseph C. 31. Salem. Unassd. Enrd. 21 July, ’62.

Rogers, Leonard S. Co. C, ’21. Glouc. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 1 Sept.,
61. Disch. for dis. 2 Sept., 62. See p. 40.

Rogers, Otis. Ist Lt. Co. E, b. 9 June, ’32. Plymth. Saloon-keeper.
Mard. Ab. 10 yrs. serv. in Co. B, 3rd M. V. M., 3 mos. in ’61.
Prom. to Ist Lt. 25 Apl., 61. Enrd. in 23rd 6 Sept., ’61. Capt.
29 Dec., 62. Disch. exp. of term.

Rollins, Abijah. Co. F, 28. Salem. Stone-cutter. Sing. Enrd. 16
Oct. ’61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Romeo, John. Co. B, 23. Boston. Enrd. 30 Mch., ’64. Pris. Pbg.
80 July, 64. Reld. 21 Feb., 65. Disch. O. W. D. 30 May, ’65.
See p. 229.

Rose, Stephen C. Co. F. Mhead. Farm. Sing. U. D. C. Enrd. 7
Oct., 61. Detchd. Commy. Dept. Disch. for prom. 26 Aug., ’62.

 
THE ROSTER. 317

ist Lt. 40th M. V. I. Capt. 9 June, ’63. Disch. for dis. 25 Jan’y,
64.

Ross, Edward. Co.I, 24. Ipsh. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 9 Nov., ’61.
Disch. for dis. 20 Sept., ’62.

Ross, John Perren. 2d Serg. Co. A, b. 27 Mch., 42, at Fairlee, Vt.
Salem. Clerk. Sing. Co. J, 8th M. V. M.,3 mos. serv. Enrd.
21 Aug., 61. Ist Serg. 18 Nov., 62. 2nd Lt. 13 Aug., ’63.
Pris. ‘‘a few minutes” at Dys. Bff. Disch. for dis. 29 July, ’64.

Roundey, Charles E. Drummer. Co. B, 18. Mhead. Cordr. Sing.
Enrd. 25 Sept., 61. Disch for dis. 17 Aug., ’63.

Rounds, Edward H. Co. A (real name E. H. Pearson), 18, b. Port-
land, Me. Salem. Baker. Sing. Enrd. 8 Sept.,’61. Reend. Corp.
Disch. end of war.

Rowe, Edward. Co. C, 19. Glouc. Mar. Sing. Co. G, 8th M. V. M.,
8 mos. serv. Enrd. 1 Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 21 Mch., ’63.
Rowe, George. Co. I, 18. Ipsh. Machin. Sing. Enrd. 1 Oct., 61.

Disch. for dis. 25 May, ’62.

Rowley, John M. Co. K, 22. Boston. Varnisher. Sing. Enurd. 27
July, 62. Disch. for dis. 15 April, ’63.

Russell, Thomas. Ist Lt Co. B, 30. Mhead. Cordr. Mard. Ist Lt.
Co. H, 8th M. V. M., 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 2 Sept., 61. Capt. 25
July, 62. Died 8 Dec., ’62, N. Bne. See pp. 41, 108.

Ryan, James. Co. B, 43. Trans. to V. R. C. 7

Ryan, James. Co.H,19. Quincy. Stone cutter. Sing. Enrd. 6 Dec.,
761. Killed N. Bne., 14 Mch., ’62. See p. 68.

Ryan, John. Co. D, 38. 8S. Duvrs. Labor. Mard. Enrd. 14 Mch., ’65.
Disch. end of war.

Ryder, John B. Co. BE, 23. Plymth. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 21 Sept., ’61.
Disch. for dis. 15 Apl., 62.

Ss

Salkins, William. Co. B, 20. Mhead. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 20 Sept.,
61. Corp. 28 Aug.,’63. Wd. Arrd. Ch. Disch. exp. of serv.
See p. 179.

Sanborn, John D. Corp. Co. E, 22. Carver. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 21
Sept., 61. Res. warr’t., 8 Oct., 62. Trans. to V. R. C. 13 Feb.,
64.

Sands, Stephen B. Co. G, 23. Bevly. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 20 Sept.,
761. Reend. Disch. end of war.

Sargent, Charles O. Co. F, 23. Salem. Carpr. Sing. Enrd. 24 Oct.,
61. Q.M. Dep., 64. Disch. exp. of serv. Died.

Sargent, George H. Co.I, 88. Ipsh. Farm. Mard. Enrd. 5 Oct., ’61.
Disch. for dis. 8 Aug., ’63.
318 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Sargent, Rodney. Co. C, 36. Lynn. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 8 Oct.,
"61. Hosp. nurse. Disch. exp. of serv.

Saunders, Henry T. Co. B, 43. Salem. Clerk. Mard. Enrd. 3 Oct.,
61. Corp. 1 Mch., 62. Clerk. Pro. Mar. off. N. Bne., 23 Sept.,
63. Died 9 Oct., 64, N. Bne., N. C. See p. 236.

Saunders, Isaac E. Co. C, 23. Glouc. Carpr. Mard. Enrd. 5 Sept.,
61. Regi. Carpr. 64. Disch. exp. of serv.

Saunders, Oliver H. Co. F, 19. Hamilton. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 14
Oct.,’61. Wd. Whall. Disch. for conseq. dis., 16 Mch. ’63 as Corp.
Reend. 81 Dec., 63. Detld. as clerk, Orderly and Regl. P. M.
Disch. end of war. See p. 128.

Saunders, Thomas S. Co. E, 26. Plymth. Trader. Sing. Enurd. 21
Sept., 61. Trans. to Co. K, 1 Jan., 62. Died 14 Mch., ’62. Rke.

Saville, James R. Co. I, 18. Glouc. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 31 July,
62. Reend. Killed, Pbg. 31 July, 64. See p. 229.

Sawyer, CharlesH. Co.B, 21. Rowley. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 25 Sept.,
61. Reend. Killed. Dys. Bff. 16 May, ’64. See p. 194.

Sawyer, Jonathan. Co. H, 42. Clinton. Painter. Mard. Enrd. 6
Sept., 61. Co. teamster. Disch. for dis. 9 May, ’62.

Sawyer, Melvin. Co. D. N. Bdfd. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 15 Oct., ’61.
On gun crew. Wd. Pbg. Disch. exp. of serv. See p. 67.

Sawyer, Samuel. Co. WK, 25. Franklin. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 25
Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 11 July, ’62.

Sawyer, Sylvester B. Co. K,33. Limerick, Me. Farm. Sing. Enrd.
25 Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 19 July, 62.

Sawyer, Wesley Caleb. Capt. Co. H, b. 26 Aug., 39. Harvard. Farm.
Sing. Harv. Coll., 61. Enrd. 6 Sept.,’61. Wd.N. Bne. Disch.
for conseq. dis. 17 Nov., 62. Pens. $24. See pp. 9, 52, 70-4, 250.

Sawtelle, James D. Co. H, 20. Harvard. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 8 Oct.,
61. Trans. to V. R. C. 8 Feb., ’64.

Saxton, Samuel. Co. C, 21. Glouc. Bsmith. Sing. Enrd. 5 Sept.,
61. Died 9 Sept., 63. N. Bue.

Schultz, Carl F. Co. A, b.16 Feb., 44. Salem. Currier. Sing. Enrd.
29 Aug., 61. Died 24 Apr., 62, N. Bne.

Scriggins, Joshua C. Co. F, 42. Salem. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 22 Oct.,
61. Disch. for dis. 6 Sept., ’62.

Searles, William Hawes. Co. E, b.6 Feb., ’42, Boston. Abington.
Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 21 Sept., 61. Trans. to V. R.C., 28 Dec.,
63. Unassd. Disch. exp. ofterm. Pens. $8.

Sears, Andrew T. Co. E, 18. Plymth. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 12 Oct.,
61. Reend. Disch. end of war.

Sears, Charles H. Co. D, 21. N. Bdfd. Carpr. Sing. Enrd. 20 Sept.,
61. Wd. N. Bue and Whall. Died of wds., 1 Jan., ’63. See pp.
69, 127.
THE ROSTER. 319

Sears, Horatio N. Co. E, 22. Plymth. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 30 Nov.,
63. Disch. end of war.

Seaver, Frederic. Co. A, 19. Nbpt. Clerk. Sing. Co. A, 8th M. V.
M. 38 mos. serv. Enrd. 25 Aug.,’61. Corp. 12 Aug., 62. Trans.
to V. R. C. 8 Feb., 64. Disch. exp. of term. Served in U.S.
Mar. Corps. from Nov., ’67 to Dec., ’71. Disch. exp. of term.
Enrd. June ’72 in Co. D, 6th U.S. Inf. Stationedin Dakota. Es-
cort to survey party in ’73. In campaign of ’76 agst. the Sioux.
Disch. Serg. °77, exp. of term. Enrd. in U. S. Mar. Corp., July,
77. Disch. exp. of term, July, ’82. Lynn, Mass.

Senter, William C. Co.B. Lynn. Cook. Enrd. 20 Sept.,’61. Detld.
Hosp. Cook, 8 Oct., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Sewall, Dummer. Co. E, 38. Abington. Farm. Mard. Enrd. 21
Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 29 Aug., 62. Died 16 July, ’85. Wey-
mouth.

Sewall, John M. Corp. Co. E, 33. Abington. Mechan. Mard. Enrd.
21 Sept., 61. Died 9 April, 62, N. Bne.

Shackleford, Joseph. Co. I, 19. Glouc. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 28 July,
62. Disch. for dis. 18 July, ’63.

Shanesy, Thomas. Co. A, 24. Glouc. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 1 Sept.,
61. Disch. for dis. 26 Mch., ’63.

Shannon, Martin. Co. K, 39. Melrose. Labor. Mard. Enrd. 8 Oct.,
61. Disch. for dis. 27 Oct., ’62.

Shapine, John. Co. B, 30. Salem. Bsmith. Sing. Enrd. 5 Sept.,
761. Sharpshooter. Disch. exp. of serv.

Shattuck, William W. Co. I, 21, b. S. Andover. Ipsh. Mar. Sing.
Enrd. 16 Oct., 61. Reend. Killed, Pbg. 20 July, 64. See p.
229.

Shaw, BrownE. Co. F, b. 24 Oct.,’86. Salem. Gilder. Sing. U. D.C.
Enrd. 9 Oct.,’61. Detld. in Q. M. Dept. thgh. serv. Disch. exp.
of serv. Died 17 June, ’70, Salem.

Shaw, Caleb B. Co. A, b. 24 Sept., 42, Bangor, Me. Nbpt. Mar.
Mard. Enrd. 27 Aug., 61. Detld. on “ Zouave.” On gun crew.
Disch. exp. of serv. See pp. 41, 59, 67.

Shaw, John. Co. B, 25. Mbhead. Labor. Sing. Enrd. 14 Sept., ’61.
Killed, Rke., 8 Feb., 62. See p. 48.

Shaw, Joseph A. Co. A, 20. Nbpt. Jeweller. Sing. Co. A, 8th M.
V. M., 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 26 Aug., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.
Shepard, Daniel G. Co. K, 37. Walpole. Teamster. Mard. Enrd

1 Oct., 61. Disch. for dis. 11 Dec., ’62.

Sherburne, John. Co. I, 34. Ipsh. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 27 Sept., ’61.
Disch. for dis.

Sherman, Henry F. Co. D, 21. N. Bdfd. Miller. Sing. Enrd. 20
320 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Sept., °61. Wd. Whall. Reend. Corp. July, ’64. Disch. from
hosp. end of war. See p. 128.

Sherman, James Lewis. Corp. Co. K, b. Sheldonville, Wrentham, 11
Oct., 41. Foxboro. Student. Sing. Co. F, 4th M. V. M., 3 mos.
serv. Enrd. 26 Aug., 61. Serg. 1 May, ’62. Serg. Maj. 1 Aug.,
62. 2nd Lieut. 18 Nov., "62. 1st Lt. 3 May, 63. Adj. 7 June,
68. Wd. Arrd.Ch.andC.H. Disch. exp. ofserv. Twosons, one
dau. Prov., R. I. Has held commisn. as 2nd Lt. in R. I. M. and
been for S8yrs. on Prov. police. See p. 218.

Shute, see Chute.

Sillers, Donald. Co. K, 43. S. Dnvrs. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 5 Oct.,
61. Killed, N. Bne., 14 Mch., 62. See p. 68.

Simpson, James J. Co. K, 23. Boston. Carpr. Sing. Enrd. 17 July,
62. ‘Disch. for dis. 28 May, ’63.

Skinner, Hiram D. Co. K, 25. Foxboro. Moulder. Mard. Enrd. 7
Sept., ‘61. Corp., 1 Aug., 62. Disch. exp. of serv.

Slater, Benjamin P. Corp. Co. K, 30. Foxboro. Joiner. Mard. Enrd.
11 Sept., 61. Detid. on ‘‘ Northerner.” Disch. for dis. 8 Mch.,
62.

Smith, Albert P. Corp. Co. A, 18. Salem. Machinist. Sing. Co. J,
8th M. V. M., 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 21 Aug., '61. Disch. for dis.
11 Sept., “62.

Smith, AlvinC. Corp. Co. D, 21,b. Nantucket. N. Bdfd. Boat builder.
Mard. Enrd. 26 Sept.,’61. Serg. 15 Aug.,’63. Reend. Commd.
Ist Lt. 14 Oct., 64. Disch. as Serg. end of war. Died 23 Feb.,
71.

Smith, Benj. H. Co. E, 43, b. Rutland, Mass. Mendon. Bootmaker.
Enrd. 9 Aug., 62. Wd. Whall. Corp. 2 Dec., 63. Reend. Pris.
Dys. Bi. Exchgd. Died on way home. Goldsboro, N.C. See
pp. 128, 190-6.

Smith, Charles. 19. Unassd. Athol. Enrd. 29 July, ’62.

Smith, Charles F. Co. A, 19. Salem. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 26 Feb.,
64. Disch. end of war.

Smith, Edward. Co. E. Plymth. Marble-worker. Sing. Co. B, 3rd
M. V. M. 3mos. serv. Enrd. 21 Sept., 61. Died 17 Nov., 62.
Annapolis. See p. 88.

Smith, Frederic W. 5th Serg. Co. A, 24. Manchester. Clerk. Sing.
Co. J, 8th M. V. M. 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 21 Aug.,’61. Wd. Whall.
Recg. serv. in Mass., 63. Disch. for prom. in ’68, to lst U. S. C.
Cav. Disch. end of war. Commd. Ist Lt., 9th U.S. Cav. Died
at Fort McKevott, Tex., Dec., 69. See p. 127.

Smith, George. Co. I, 22. Ipsh. Currier. Sing. Enrd. 10 Oct., 61.
Disch. exp. of serv.
THE ROSTER. 321

Smith, Geo. C. Co. G, 26. Boxford. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 22 Sept.,
61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Smith, James E. Co. A, 20. Salem. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 23 Aug.,
61. Trans. to V. R. C., 8 Feb., 64.

Smith, James H. Co. H, 28. Lunenburg. Farm. Enrd. 29 Aug., 62.
Disch. exp. of serv.

Smith, James W. Co. G, 18. Ellsworth, Me. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 20
Sept., 61. Died, 6 May, ’62, N. Bne. Bd. there. No. 1711.

Smith, John. Co. B, b. 7 May, 1818, Portsmouth, Eng. Topsfield.
Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 8 Sept., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Smith, John. Music, Co. C, 28. Boston. Painter. Sing. Enrd. 5
Oct., 61. Des. 11 Nov., ’61.

Smith, Landel T. Co. C, 33. Rockport. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 1 Oct.,
61. Command of‘'Gideon.” Hosp. nurse, ’68. Trans. to V. R.
C. 11 Jan., ’64. Died, 28 Sept., 64, N. Bne. Bd. there. No. 1524.
See pp. 59, 235.

Smith, Lorenzo. Co. A. Salem. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 23 Aug., ’61.
Disch. for dis. 1 July, ’63.

Smith, Peter. Co. H, 18. Lunenberg. Farm.Sing. Eurd. 10 Sept.,
61. Disch. for dis. 9 Oct., ’62.

Smith, Reuben T. Co. G, 23. E. Knox, Me. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 14
Feb., ’65. Disch. end of war.

Smith, Thomas. 24. Mard. Onrolls of Co. H.

Smith, Thomas J., Jr. Corp. Co. G, 30. Bevly. Baker. Mard. Co.
E, 8th M. V.M., 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 9Sept., 61. Disch. for dis.
2 Dec., ’62.

Smith, William. Co. H, 22. Harvard. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 9 Sept.,
61. Disch. for dis. 28 May, ’63.

Smith, Zadoc H. Co. 1,32. Nbpt. Ship carpr. Sing. Enrd. 13 Sept.,
61. Disch. for dis. 25 Nov., ’62.

Snapp, Philip J. Co. F, 35, b. France. Salem. Bootmaker. Mard.
Eurd. 6 Aug.,’62. Reend. 1st Serg.,1Jan., 65. Wd. Kinston,
Mch. ’65. Disch. from hosp. end of war. See p. 246.

Snedecor, William. Co. F, 42. Williamsburg, N. Y. Hotel keeper.
Mard. Enrd. 15 Dec., ’64. Detld. Brig. Q.M. Disch. end of war.

Snow, Hiram A. Co. K, 32,b. Bridgewater. Mansfield. Cordr. Sing.
Enrd. 7 Oct., 61. Wd. Wilcox Bridge. Reend. Pris. Dys. Bf.
See p. 197.

Snow, John W. Co.H,18. Lunenburg. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 22 Dec.,
63. Trans. to V. R. C. 7 Mch., ’64.

Soule, William. Corp. Co. E, 24. Kingston. Mar. Sing. Corp. Co.
B, 3rd M. V. M., 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 21 Sept.,’61. Trans. to V.
R. C., 27 Apl., '64.

Southward, Samuel S. Co. F, 30. Salem. Carriage maker. Sing.

21
322 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Enrd. 15 Oct., 61. On gun crew. Disch. for dis., 13 Jan., ’63.
See pp. 42, 67.

Southwell, Thomas T. Co. C, 29, b. Co. Galway, Ired. Boston.
Machin. Sing. Enrd. 15 Sept., 61. Regi. Armorer, ’63. Reend.
Disch. end of war.

Southwick, Lakeman. Co. G, 28. Bevly. Butcher. Mard. Enrd. 10
Oct., 61. Comm’y in Gen. Hosp. Trans. to V. R. C., 27 April,
64.

Southwick, John S. Co. D, 20. N. Bdfd. Baker. Sing. Enrd. 17
Feb., 64. Wd. C. H. R.Q.M. Dep., 65. Disch. end of war.
See p. 219.

Southworth, Jacob W. Co. E, 35. Plymth. Carpr. Sing. Enrd. 21
Sept., 61. Serg. from 6 May, ’62 to 1 Jan., 63. Disch. exp. of
serv.

Southworth, Thomas. Co. E, 23. Kingston. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 21
Sept., 61. Wd. pris. and reported killed at Whall. Paroled in
Spring of 63. Trans. to V. R. C.,’64. See pp. 128-9.

Sparrow, Benjamin F. Co. H, 22. Orleans. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 1
Oct., ’61.

Spear, Charles N. Co. K, 18. Walpole. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 31 July,
62. Reend. Corp. 27 Mch., ’64. Died 19 Oct., ’64, N. Bne. Bd.
there. No. 1519. See p. 236.

Spear, Henry W. Co. B, 22,b. Boston. Mhead. Cordr. Mard. Enrd.
17 May, ’62. Corp. 26 Dec., 62. Serg. 10 Jan., 63. Reend. Pi-
oneer, 64. Comma. Ist Lt., 14 Oct., 64. Disch. as Serg. end of
war.

Spencer, Byron. Co. D, b. 10 April, 44. Crompton, R.I. N. Bdfd.
Moulder. Sing. Reend. Wd. Dys. Bff. Disch. end of war.
Pension, $12. See p. 195.

Spinney, John F. 36. Unassd. Lunenburg. Enrd. 16 Dec., ’63.
Rejected, 21 Dec., ’63.

Spooner, William B. Co. D, 20. N. Bdfd. Painter. Sing. Enrd. 15
Oct., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Sprague, Benjamin. Co. D,39. N. Bdfd. Labor. Mard. Enrd. 30
Sept., 61. On guncrew. Disch. exp. of serv. See p. 67.

Spurr, William E. Co. A. Somerville. Teamster. Sing. Enrd. 9
Oct., 61. Disch. for dis. 2 Oct., 62.

Stahl, Albert T. Co. H,18. Lunenburg. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 24 Dec.,
63. Disch. exp. of serv.

Stall, Ansel A. Corp. Co. H, 19. Lunenberg. Clerk. Sing. Co. B,
6th M. V. M. 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 24 Oct., 61. Died, 8 Dec., 61.
Annapolis. See p. 26.

Stall, William B. Co. H, b. 25 Nov., 44, Pawtucket, R. I. Lunen-

_ burg. Baker. Sing. Enrd. 24 Oct., 62. Recg. serv. in Mass.,
THE ROSTER. 323

63-4. Disch. exp. of serv. Reend. 20 Nov., ’64. Co. D, 4 Mass.
Hy. Arty. Disch. end of war.

Standish, James C. Corp. Co. E, 19. Plymth. Bsmith. Sing. Corp.
Co. B, 3rd M. V. M. 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 21 Sept., 61. Disch. for
dis. 22 Sept., ’62.

Stanley, Edward F. Co. G, ’24. Boston. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 12
Jan., 65. Disch. end of war.

Stanley, Timothy. Co. B, 43. Somerville. Teamster. Mard. Enrd.
29 Oct., 61. Ambul. driver. Disch. exp. of serv.

Staples, Gustavus A. Co. E, 30. Mendon. Bootmaker. Enrd. 18
Feb., 64. Rej.

Stearnes, Charles W. Co. C, b. 30 Nov., 43. S. Walpole. Foxboro.
Student. Sing. Emrd. 10 Sept., 61. Corp. 8 Sept., 62. Serg. 4
Nov., 63. Disch. exp. of serv. Phila., Pa.

Stetson, Edward L. Co. E, 19. Hanson. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 21
Sept., 61. Wd. Dys. Bff. Disch.exp. of serv. See p. 195.
Stetson, Everett. Co. K, 18. S. Reading. Cane-maker. Sing. Enrd.

6 Nov. 61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Stetson, George F. Co.E,22. Kingston. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 5 Jan’y,
64. Wad. C.H. Died of wds. 8 July, ’64. See p. 218.

Stetson, Jeremiah. . Co. E, 44. Hanson. Carpr. Mard. Enrd. 21
Sept., 61. Detld. Carpr. 23 Oct., ’62. Disch. for dis. 6 Aug.,
63.

Stevens, Charles C. Co. E, 33. Plymth. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 28 Oct.,
°61. Reend. Recg. serv. in Mass., ’64. Disch. end of war.

Stevens, Edward. Co. E, 36. Plymth. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 28 Oct.,
61. Wd. Whall. Died of wds. 19 Jan., ’63. See p. 127.

Stevens, N. Henry. Co. D, 20. Prov. Teacher. Sing. Enrd. 15 Oct.,
61. Disch. for dis. 3 Mch., ’62.

Stickney, William F. Co.C. Enrd. 12 Feb., 64. Rej. 21 Feb., '64.

Stillman, Amos. Co. A, 19. Salem. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 18 Feb., ’64.
Disch. end of war.

Stillman, James H. Co. E, 20. Plymth. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 21 Sept.,
61. Corp. 17 Aug., 63. Disch. exp. of serv.

Stillman, JamesH. Co. A, 21. Salem. Currier. Sing. Enrd. 23 Feb.,
64. Disch. 24 June, ’65, O. W. D.

Stillman, James M. Co. K, 44. Plymth. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 12 Oct.,
61. Disch. for dis. 6 Dec., 62.

Stirling, William Stewart. Co. A, b. 18 July, 41, Clarkson Toll,
Scotland. Nbpt. Harness maker. Sing. Co. A, 8th M. V.M.,6
mos. serv. Enrd. 24 Aug., 61. Corp. 17 Dec., ’62. Sergt. 1
Mch., 64. Wd. Whall. and C. H. Disch. exp. of serv. Reend.
29 Mch., 65. Co. D, 62ndM.V.I. Disch. end of war. See p.

218.
324 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Stockbridge, Charles. Co. 1,22. Nbpt. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 3 Oct.,’61.
Reend. Q. M. Dept., 64. Hosp. Nurse, 65. Disch. end of war.

Stocker, Charles H. Co.G, 45. Bevly.Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 22 Sept.,
61. Disch. for dis. 15 Aug., 62. d.5 Mch., ’85.

Stockman, John T. Co. I, 29. Nbpt. Operative. Mard. Enrd. 30
Oct., 61. Disch. for dis. 20 April, ’62.

Stone, Alfred R. Co. H, 21, b. Hubbardston. Malden. Carpr. Sing.
Enrd. 30 July, 62. Reend. Corp.2 May, ’64. Serg. 1 Sept., 64.
1st Serg., 1 Oct., 64. Commd. 1st Lt., 14 Oct., 64. Disch. as 1st
Serg. end of war.

Stone, Franklin J. Co. H,18. Boston. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 5 Aug.,
62. Killed, Whall., 10 Dec., 62. See p. 127.

Stone, George B. Co. F, 21. Salem. Mason. Sing. Enrd. 8 Oct.,
61. Disch. for dis. 8 Sept., ’62.

Stone, Henry L. Co. H, 18. W. Newton. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 25
Sept., ’°61. Corp. 17 April, 62. Disch. for prom., 24 May, ’63.
Ist Lt. in Wild’s Brig. lst N. C. C. T.

Stone, Silas E. Asst. Surg., 23. Walpole. Physician. Mard. Enrd.
11 Sept., 61. Res. 11 Sept., 62. See pp. 83-6, 98.

Story, Edward A. Ist Lt. Co. C. Glouc. Clerk. Mard. 2nd Lt., Co.
G, 8th M. V. M. 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 1 Sept., 61. 1st Lt., 8 Oct.,
61. Capt., 2 Jan., 63. Disch. exp. of serv.

Story, Herbert. Fifer, Co. B, 19. Essex. Farm. Sing. Enurd. 21
Sept., '61. Trans. to N. C. Staff. 2nd Prin. Music., 1 May, ’64.
Disch. exp. of serv.

Story, Joseph W. Co.C,39. Glouc. Tin-worker. Sing. Enrd.5 Aug.,
62. Killed, Whall., 16 Dec, ’62. See pp. 127-8.

Stott, John. Co. G, 30. S. Duvrs. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 15 Feb., ’64.
Pris. Dys. Bff. Died 14 Oct., 64. (Florence?) See p. 196.
Stowell, John D. Co. K, 21. S. Reading. Bookseller. Sing. Enrd.

5 Aug., 62. Detd. Brig. Q. M. Dep., 63. Disch. exp. of serv.

Strong, Phillip H. Co. B, 18. Mhead. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 14 Oct.,
61. Disch. for dis. 1 Sept., ’62.

Stuart, John. Band, lst Cl. Music. Worcester. Inst. Maker. Mard.
Enrd. 12 Oct., 61. Disch. 30 Aug., ’62.

Sullivan, Cornelius. Co. E, 29. Boston. Tailor. Mard. Enrd. 22
July, 62. Disch. for dis. 7 May, 63.

Sullivan, Michael. Co.D,21. Newton. Carver. Sing. Enrd.31Mch.,
64. Disch. 4 June, ’64 at C. H. for appt. as 2nd Lt.

Sullivan, Stephen. Co. I, 35. Lynn. Farm. Mard. Enrd. 4 June,
°62. ~Disch. for dis. 11 May, ’63.

Sullivan, Timothy, 30. Unassd. Boston. Enrd. 30 July, ’62.

Swaney, William H. Co. F,17. Salem. Labor. Sing. Enrd. 13 Oct.,
61. Killed Dys. Bff. 16 May, ’64. See p. 195.
THE ROSTER. 325

Swasey, Thomas, Jr. Co. B, 19. Mhead. Butcher. Sing. Enurd. 18
Sept., 61. Detid. Q. M. D., 23 Sept., 61. Commy. Serg. 4 Jan.,
64. Disch. exp. of serv.

Sweet, Hartford 8. Co. D, 24, b. Claremont, N. H. Salem. Brewer.
Sing. Enrd. 2 Aug., 62. Reend. Disch. end of war.

Sweet, Caleb W. Co. H, 23, b. Gaston, R. I. Lancaster. Farm.
Mard. Enrd. 6 Sept., 61. Reend. Pris. Dys. Bff. Died of wds.
3 Aug., ’64, Richmond, Va. See p. 195.

Swetland, Benjamin. Co. B, 26. Mhead. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 20
Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 26 Mch., ’63.

Swett, Francis F. Co. B, 40. Mhead. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 25 Sept.,
61. Disch. for dis. 8 July, ’62.

Swett, Simeon T. Co. I, b. 21 Aug., 43, Exeter, N.H. Essex. Printer.
Sing. Enrd. 9 Oct., 61. Reend. Corp. 13 Oct., 64. Disch. end
of war.

Swift, Calvin W. 5th Serg. Co. C, 27. Glouc. Carpr. Mard. Co. G,
8th M. V. M.3 mos. serv. Enrd. 1 Sept., 6]. ‘Reduced at his
own request, ” 9 Nov., 63. Disch. exp. of serv.

Swift, George W. Co. E, 19. S. Hampton. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 21
Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 3 Oct., ’62.

Swift, William R. Co. E, 23. Plymth. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 21 Sept.,
*61. Wd. Whall. Disch. for conseq. dis. 11 Aug., 63. See p. 128.

Symonds, Joseph F. Co. C, 20,b. Beverly. Glouc. Mar. Sing. Enrd.
5 Sept., 61. Detld. on ‘‘ Lancer.” Reend. Wd. Smithfield.
Disch. from hosp. 16 May, 65. Pens. $2. Swampscott. See p.
164.

Symonds, Nathaniel C. Co. F, 17. Salem. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 11
Oct., 61. Detld. Commy. Dep. Disch. exp. of serv.

T

Taber, Joseph B. Co. D, 20. Fairhaven. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 20Sept.,
61. Disch. for dis. 28 Dec., ’61.

Talbot, Andrew J. Co.A,18. Nbpt. Tinman. Single. Enrd. 24 Aug.,
61. Disch. dishon. 7 Dec., ’61.

Tarbox, Samuel A. Wagoner. Co. F, 26. Salem. Teamster. Mard.
Enrd. 8 Oct., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Tarr, Addison. Co. I, 29. Nbpt. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 38 Oct., ’61.
Disch. for dis. 25 May, 62.

Tarr, Charles. Co. K, 20. Glouc. Sail-maker. Sing. Enrd. 5 Aug.,
62. Trans. to V. R. C., 22 Jan., 64.

Taylor, Charles W. Co. G, 18, b. Manchester. Cambridge. Cabt.
mak. Reend. Disch. end of war.
326 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Taylor, Charles W. Co. B, 19. Hartford, Conn. Mar. Sing. Enrd.
20 Sept., 61. Onguncrew. Trans. to Marine Art’y, 20 Nov. ’62.
See p. 67.

Taylor, Franklin. Music, Co. K, 18. Foxboro. Student. Sing. Enrd.
27 Aug., G1. Disch. for dis. 16 Feb., 63. Dead.

Taylor, James H. 5th Serg. Co. H, 19. Nashua. Farm. Sing. Enrd.
5 Sept., 61. Disch. as priv. exp. of serv.

Taylor, John. Co. E, 39. Plymth. Ironwork. Mard. Enrd. 21 Sept.,
61. Disch. for dis. 22 Oct.,’62. See p. 88.

Taylor, Joshua. Co. K, 42. Foxboro. Planer. Mard. Enrd. 27 Aug.,
61. Co. Cook. Disch. exp. of serv.

Taylor, Trowbridge C. Fifer, Co. A, 45. Topsfield. Cordr. Mard.
Enrd. 10 Sept., 61. Disch. for dis., 15 April, ’62.

Taylor, Walter. Co. H,18. Shirley. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 5 Sept., ’61.
Wd. N. Bne. Reend. Disch. end. of war. See p. 70.

Taylor, William H. Co. G, 18, b. Chelsea. Bevly. Mar. Sing. Enrd.
20 Sept., 61. Reend. Pris. Dys. Bff. Died, Richmond, Va., 25
May, ’64, of wds. See p. 195.

Tebbets, Andrew R. Co. F, 34. Salem. Cordr.Mard. Enrd. 16 Oct.,
61. Wd.acc. Rke. Serg. Disch. for dis. 18 Sept., 63. See p.
57.

Terhune, William. Corp. Co. B, 21. Mhead. Sash and blind maker.
Sing. Enrd. 13 Sept., 61. Serg. 14 Aug., 62. Wd. Whall.
Died of wds. 21 Dec., 62. See p. 127.

Terry, Joln Darling. 4th Serg. Co. E, b. 3 Sept., 44, Montville, Me.
Boston. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 5 Sept.,’ 61. Wd. N. Bne. L. leg
amp. Disch. for dis. 20 Mch., 63. Appd. by Pres. 16 Aug., °63,
Ist Lt. and R. Q. M. 35th U. 8.C. T. Capt. 104th U.S.C. T. At
Olustee, Fla., wooden leg carried away. Stump reamp. Recd.
medal of honor for gallantry and Brevet. of Major, U.S. V.
Served with that rank on staffof Gen. Sickles. Disch. 6 June,
66. Pens. $18. Custom House, New York. See pp. 44, 69.

Thayer, Benjamin. Co. E, 19. S. Hanson. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 21
Sept., 61. Wd. N. Bne. Died 25 June, ’62, N. Bne. See p. 69.

Thissell, Ebenezer. Co. G, 43. Bevly. Farm. Mard. Enrd. 20 Sept.,
°61. Disch. for dis. 11 March, ’63.

Thissel, Levi A. Co. G, 23. Bevly. Carriage-maker. Sing. Enrd.
20 Sept., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Thomas, EliC. Co. F,19. Salem. Enrd. 4 Oct., 62. Pris. Smith-
field, Va. See p. 164-6.

Thomas, Richard H. Co. F, 20. Salem. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 16 Oct.,
61. Disch. for dis. 2 Sept., 62. See p. 60.

Thompson, Charles H. Co. 1,21. Ipsh. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 27 Sept.,
61. Asst. Wagoner. Disch. for dis. 5 Oct., ’62.
THE ROSTER. 327

Thompson, Charles L. Co. D, 28, b. Middleboro, Mass. N. Bdfd.
Carpr. Sing. Enrd. 20 Sept., 61. Corp. 27 July, 62. Reend.
Q. M. Serg. 28 Sept., 64. Commd. 2nd Lt. 2 June, ’65. Disch. as
Serg. end of war. Res. Boston.

Thompson, Ivory W. Co. F,21. Hamilton. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 15
Oct., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Thorn, John R. Co. C, 29, b. Standish, Me. Glouc. Stone-cutter.
Enrd. 4 Dec., 61. Reend. Sharpshooter, 64. Post carpr., ’65.
Corp. 24 Feb., 65. Disch. end of war.

Thornton, John. Co.F,b. Mch., ’48,in Ired. S. Davrs. Cordr. Mard.
Enrd. 19 May, 62. Disch. exp of serv. =

Tibbetts, Alvah. Co. F,18. Hamilton. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 31 Dec.,
63. Pris. Dys. Rif. Died Andville., 2 Aug., 64. Bd. there. No.
4634. See p. 196.

Tillson, Benjamin O. Co. D, 20. Middleboro. Cordr. Sing. Enrd.
15 Oct., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Tilton, John Prescott. Co. F, b. 7 April, 42. Lanesville. Boston.
Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 10 Oct., 61. Corp. 27 Mch., 64. Wd. C. H.
Disch. exp. of serv. Pens. $4. See p. 219.

Todd, Boyd. Co. H, 23. Townsend. Farmer. Sing. Enrd. 7 Oct.,
61. Wd. Whall. Disch. for dis. 12 June, ’63. See p. 128.

Tolman, John C. Co. C, 29. Glouc. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 20 Oct., ’61.
Reend. Wd. C. H. Died 19 Sept., 64. Baltimore. See p.
219.

Topham, George W. Co. D, 21. N. Bdfd. Brass founder. Mard.
Enrd. 14 Oct.,’61. Disch. for dis. 2 Sept., 62. Hyde Park.

Tourtelotte, J. M. Hosp. Steward, 30. Worcester. Dentist. Sing.
Appd. from 25th M. V.I., 4 May, 62. Disch. for dis. 25 June,
63.

Towle, James S. Co. E, 26. Abington. Mechan. Mard. Enrd. 21
Sept., 61. Corp. 1 Jan., 63. Disch. exp. of serv.

Townsend, William Hyle. Co. F, 19. Salem. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 23
Oct., 61. Corp. Died, Corps Hosp. in Va., 2 July, 64. Bd.
City Point, Va. No. 2872.

Tozier, Adam J. Co. D, 31. N. Bdfd. Labor. Enrd. 10 Mch., ’65.
Disch. end of war.

Tozier, John M. Co. I, 19. Ipsh. Operative. Sing. Enrd. 10 Oct.,
61. Died 20 Oct., 63. Bd. Hampton, Va. No. 4368.

Trask, Albert. Co. G, 27. Bevly. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 2 Aug., 62.
Reend. Died 27 Oct.,’64. N.Bne. Bd. there. No. 1528.

Trask, Amos B. Co. G, 34. Bevly. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 9 Aug., ’62.
Disch. exp. of serv.

Trask, Amos W. Co. F, 17. Salem. Heel maker. Sing. Enrd. 11
Oct., 61. Disch. for dis. 5 Sept., ’62.
328 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Trask, Charles P. Co. G, b. 16 July, 43, in Bevly. Dnvrs. Mar. Sing.
Enrd. 14 Oct., 61. Detld. on ‘‘Zouave.” Pris. Dys. Bff. Pa-
roled, Mch., 65. Disch. O. W. D., 3 May, ’65. See p. 196.

Trask, Joseph E. Unass., 18. Salem. Enrd. 25 Jan., 64. Rej. 27
Jan., ’64.

Tripp, Jireh B. Co. D, 29. N. Bdfd. Carriage-maker. Mard. Enrd.
15 Oct., 61. Corp.’63. Pris. Dys. Bff. Died 4 Oct., ’64, Charles-
ton, S.C. See p. 196.

Tripp, William H. Co. D, 21. N. Bdfd. Carriage-maker. Sing. Enrd.
20 Sept.,’61. Killed, Pbg., 16 Aug., 64. See p. 228.

Trowt, Andrew D. Co. F, b. 16 June, 42. Wenham. Farm. Sing.
Enrd. 25 July, 62. Disch. exp. of serv.

Tucker, Charles. Co.C, 18. Malden. Farm. Sing. Enurd. 22 Sept.,
61. Reg. Carpr., 64. Disch. exp. of. serv.

Tucker, Frank E. Co. G, 33. Manchester. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 6
Oct., 61. Fifer, 63. Trans. to V. R. C. 11Jan.,’64. Disch. exp.
of serv.

Tuckwell, Charles F. Co. D, 19. N. Bdfd. Carriage-maker. Sing.
Enrd. 20 Sept., 61. Died 9 May, ’62, N. Bne.

Tufford, James. 25, Unassd. Boston. Labor. Enrd. 22 Dec., 62.

Tupper, Joseph I. Co. C, 21, b. Liverpool, N.S. Glouc. Mar. Mard.
Enrd. 28 Oct., 61. Reend. Corp. 30 Mch., ’64. Serg. 24 Oct.,
64. Disch. end of war. See p. 40.

Turner, Simon W. Co. D, 82. Wareham. Labor. Mard. Enrd. 10
Oct., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Twissel, Arthur B. Co. F, 20. Hamilton. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 16
Feb., 64. Pioneer. Disch. exp. of serv.

Twist, Peter. Co. G, 28. Bevly. Bsmith. Sing. Enrd. 21 Sept., ’61.
Disch. for dis. 5 Sept., 63. Reend. 15 Feb., 64. (‘‘ Died 18 Sept.,
64, So. Dnvrs. Mass.,” Rec.)

Tyler, Abel Norton. Co. A, 18. Dnvrs. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 7 Dec.,
63. Disch. end of war.

U

Upham, Elbridge S. Co. K, b. 18 Jan., 43, Saugus. So. Reading.
Grocer. Sing. Enrd.7 Aug.,’62. Reend. Ag. Stewd., Chesapeake
Hosp., ’65. Disch. O. W. D. 12 July, ’65.

Upham, Oliver Wendell Holmes. Co. F, 18. Salem. Student. Sing.
Enrd. 21 Oct., 61. Disch. for dis. 22 Nov., ’61. See p. 6.

Upton, John. Co. A, 26. S. Dnvrs. Painter. Sing. Enrd. 28 Oct.,
61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Upton, John §. Co. C,21. N. Andover. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 25 Sept.,
’61. Guard Cont. Camp, N. Bne., ’64. Disch. exp. of serv.
THE ROSTER. 329

Utpadel, Herman. Co. C, 30. Glouc. Mar. Sing. Co. G, 8th M. V.
M. 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 1 Sept., 61. Trans. to V. R. C. 27 April,
64. Sue p. 40.

Vv

Valentine, Herbert E. Co. F, b. 18 Jan.,’41,S. Dnvrs. Salem. Pho-
tog. Sing. Enrd. 5 Oct., 61. Detid. Commy. Vidette, ’61.
Clerk R. Q. M., ’62. Brig. Hd. Qrs., 68. Corps Hd. Qr. ’64.
Disch. exp. of serv. See pp. 22, 105, 158, 200.

Vasconcellos, Matthew. Co. C, 19. Glouc. Carpr. Sing. Enrd. 15
Sept., 61. Wd. N. Bne. Died of wd. 12 April, ’62 at N. Bne.
Bd. there. No. 1539. See p. 69.

Vaughan, James D. Co. D, 43. N. Bdfd. Upholsterer. Mard. Enurd.
10 Oct., 61. On duty in reg. hosp. Disch. exp. of serv.

Verry, Edwin. Band, 32, lst Cl. Music. Salem. Music. Mard. Enrd.
14 Oct., 61. Disch. 30 Aug., ’62.

Verry, Herbert W. Co. A, 22, b. Dnvrs. S. Dnvrs. Mechanic. Sing.
Co. H, 5th M. V.M.3mos. serv. Eurd. 28 Aug., 61. Wd. Whall.
Reend. Corp. 11 Jan., 64. Detld. Brig. Commy., ’65. Disch.
end of war. See p. 127. ,

Viannah, Frank. Co. A,19,b. Wenham. Salem. Cordr. Sing. Enrd.
26 Aug., 61. Reend. Corp. Disch. end of war.

Vickary, Joseph F. Co. G, 24. Bevly. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 2 Aug.,
°62. Wd. Sfield. Hosp. Att. 64. Disch. exp. of serv. See p.
165.

Vincent, Albert C. Co.D,25. N. Bdfd. Carpr. Mard. Enrd. 20 Sept.,
61. Disch. for dis. 28 Aug., 62.

w

Wade, Seth. Co. I, 18, b. Digby, N. S. Chelsea. Milkman. Sing.
Enrd. 12 Sept., 61. Serg. Reend. Commd. 1st Lt. and Capt. 14
Oct., 64. Disch. as Serg. end of war.

Wadleigh, Curtis E. Co. F, 22. Salem. Peddler. Mard. Enurd. 28
July, 62. Wd. Whall. Disch. for dis. 3 Mch.,’63. See p. 128.

Waldron, John. Co. F, 20. Salem. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 7 Oct., ’61.
Trans. to V. R. C. 8 Feb., 64. Disch. exp. of serv.

Wallis, David B. Co. F,19. Hamilton. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 15 Oct.,
61. Corp. Serg. Disch. exp. of serv. See p. 189.

Wallis, Joseph P. Corp. Co. G, 28. Bevly. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 9
Sept.,’61. Reend. Pris. Dys. Bf. Died Nov., 64, Florence, S. C.
See p. 196.

Wallis, William, 2nd. Co. G, 46. Bevly. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 6 Oct.,
61. Wd.N. Bne. Died of wd. 15 Mch., 62, N. Bne. Bad. there.

No. 1362. See p. 69.
330 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Ward, James B. Co. B, 42. Mhead. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 25 Sept.,
61. Disch. for dis. 15 Nov., ’63.

Warren, William F. Mus., Co. H, 18. Fitchburg. Farm. Sing. Enrd.
10 Sept., 61. Prin. Mus. on N. C. Staff, 1 May, ’64. Disch. exp.
of serv.

Washburn, Leander. Co. D,37. N. Bdfd. Block-maker. Mard. Enrd.
20 Sept., 61. On gun crew. Wd. Deep Gully, 20 Mch., ’62.
Disch. for dis. 15 Oct., 62. See p. 67.

Waterman, John L. Corp. Co. A, b. Dublin, N. H., 14 Apl., 42. 8.
Dnvrs. Student. Sing. Enrd. 23 Aug.,61. Serg. 18 Mch., ’63.
Disch. for. prom. to 2nd Lt., Ist U. S.C. Cav. Disch. Feby., ’66.
Died, Va., leaving widow, one son and three daughters.

Waters, Henry Fitz-gilbert. Corp. Co. F, b. 29 Mch., 33. Harv. Coll.,
55. Salem. Teacher. Sing. Serg. U. D.C. Enrd. 17 Oct., ’61.
Disch. exp. of serv. Civ. Clerk, Commy. Dept., Beaufort, 8. C.,
65. See pp. 236-7.

Watkins, Joseph. Co. D, 40. N. Bdfd. Paper stainer. Mard. Enrd.
27 Jan., 64. Wd. Phg. Disch. end of war.

Weaver, Norbert V. Co. D, 23. N. Bdfd. Bsmith. Mard. Enrd. 20
Sept., ’61. Corp. 15 Aug., 63. Reend. Killed, C. H. 3 June,
64. See p. 218.

Webber, Charles H. Mus., Co. G, 16. Bevly. Farm. Sing. Enrd.
20 Sept., ’61. Trans. to V. R. C. 27 Apl., 64.

Webber, Eleazer A. Co. G, 25. Bevly. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 4 Dec.,
61. ACommy. stmr. “‘Northerner.” Clk. Reg. H. Q., 63. Reend.
Pris. Dys. Bff. Died Andville., 12 Sept., 64. See p. 196.

Webber, William. Co. A,18. Dnvrs. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 13 Feb.,
64. Gunner at Evans Mills. Disch. end of war.

Webster, Jeremy H. Co. C, 25. Lynn. Carpr. Mard. Enrd. 10 Oct.,
61. Trans. to V. R. C. 8 Feb., ’64.

Weeks, Stephen L. Co. G, 42. Bevly. Brickmaker. Mard. Emrd. 15
Oct., 61. Disch. for dis. 28 May, ’63.

Welch, William. Co. I, 30. Nbpt. Spinner. Sing. Enrd. 8 Oct., ’61.
Disch. for dis. 5 Apl., 763.

Welch, William Lewis. Co. A, b. Centre Harbor, N. H., 29 July, ’40.
Salem. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 26 Aug., 61. Detchd. from 16 Aug.,
62 at P. Commys. Disch. exp. of term. Cont. chief clerk in
Sub. Dept. at New Berne H. under Capts. W. L. Palmer and I. A.
Rosekrans till Feb., 66. See pp. 42-6, 251.

Wells, Dennis. Co. E, 34. Middleton. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 25 July,
62. Disch. exp. of term. Reend. 16 Jan., 65. Co. C, ist U. S. Vet.
Vols. Disch. exp. of serv. 15 Jan., ’66.

Wentworth, Asa Hathaway. Co. I, b. Great Falls, N. H., 22 June, ’36.
Nbpt. Mech. Mard. Enrd. 10 Oct., 61. Wd. Pbg. Pris. stmr.
THE ROSTER. 331

Fawn, 9 Sept., 64. After 4 mos. paroled. Disch. Mch., 65.
See p. 229-30.

West, Matthew Cary. Co. A, 32. Dnvrs. Painter. Mard. Enrd. 15
Sept., 61. Wd. Rke. Disch. for dis. 23 Oct., 62. Reend. Co.
H, 3rd M. H. Arty., 20 Nov., 63. Disch. end of war. See p.
48.

Westgate, Benjamin. Co. E, 20. Plymth Mar. Sing. Enrd. 21
Sept., 61. Killed, Whall., 16 Dec., 62. See p. 127.

Wetherbee, George C. Co. H, 21. Harvard. Clk. Sing. Enrd. 17
Oct., "61. Detd.Q.M.Dep. Disch. for prom. Ist Lt. 2 May, ’63.
Appd. Capt. and A. C.S. U.S. V. 31 Aug., ’63.

Wheeler, Charles H. Co. I, 18. Holliston. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 5
Oct., 61. Lost from stmr. 15 Oct., 63. See p. 151.

Wheeler, Richard P. Ist Serg. Co. F, b. Dnvrs. 16 Aug., 35. Salem.
Mercht. Sing. Serg. U. D. C. Enrd. 12 Oct., 61. 2nd Lt. 15
Mch., 62. Ist Lt. 9 Dec.,’62, A. D. C. on Brig. Staff. Wd. Dys.
Bf. Died of wd. 2 June, ’64. Chesapeake Hosp. See pp. 95,
183-9, 190-99.

Wheeler, Warren W. Co. I, 35. Holliston. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 3
Sept., 61. Disch. for dis. 30 May, ’63.

Whidden, David. Co. G, 27 Bevly. Rubber-work. Mard. Enrd. 14
Oct., 61. Disch. for dis. 13 Aug., 63. Reend. Assd. to Co. B
and rejected.

Whipple, Charles A. Co. K, 18. Foxboro. Student. Sing. Enrd. 12
Oct., 61. Died 3 May, ’62, N. Bne. Bd. there. No. 1710.

Whipple, George Manton. Capt. Co. F, b. 9 Jan’y, 30. Salem. Book-
seller. Mard. Serg. Salem L. Inf. Capt. U. D.C. Enrd. 1 Oct.,
61. Disch. for dis. 2 May, 68. See pp. 5, 39, 79, 89, 96, 100-5.

White, Caleb Benjamin. Corp. Co. H, b. Brattleboro, Vt. 11 Jan.,
35. Salem. Moulder. Mard. Enrd. 26 Oct., 61. Recg. serv.
Nov., 61. Serg. 18 Dec., 62. Disch. for prom. 13 Nov., 63. U.
8. C.C.

White, Eugene A. Band. 1st Cl. Mus., 27. Boston. Mus. Sing. Enrd.
5 Oct., 61. Disch. 30 Aug., ’62.

White, Henry K. Mus. Co. H, 24. Shirley. Basket mak. Sing. Enrd.
27 Sept., 61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Whiting, Daniel W. Co. K, 22. Franklin. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 31
Oct., 61. Corp. 18 June, 62. Serg.11Jan., 63. Reend. A. Ord.
Serg., 64. Pro. Mar. Dept., 64. Disch. end of war.

Whitney, Jonas L. Co. A, 19, b. Stow. Somerville. Plumber. Sing.
Reend. Wd. C. H. Trans. to V. R. C. 15 Mch., 65. See p.
218.

Whittemore, William C. Band. 3rd Cl. Mus., 25. Worcester. En-
graver. Sing. Disch. 30 Aug., ’62.
332 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Whittier, Samuel Crook. Surgeon, b. Dover, N. H., 3 Jan., ’87. Bos-
ton. Mard. Enrd. 29 Aug. ’62. Asst. Surg. 11th M. V. I. Disch.
for prom. 26 May, ’64. Must. 18 June, ’64, Surgeon. Disch. end
of war. See p. 217-24-26-34-47-8. Portsmouth, N. H.

Whittredge, John E. Co. F, 21. Hamilton. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 15
Oct. ’61. Died 8 July, '62, N. Bne.

Widger, James W. Co. C, 21. Manchester. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 25
Sept. 61. Trans. to V. R. C. 8 Feb. ’64.

Widger, Thomas D. Co. C, 24. Manchester. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 1
Sept. 61. Cook. Disch. exp. of serv.

Wilcox, Isaiah H. Co. D, 26. N. Bdfd. Painter. Sing. Enrd. 20
Sept. ’61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Wilder, Abel L. Co.H, 18. Leominster. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 18 Sept.
61. Disch. for dis. 28 May, ’63.

Wiley, Herbert A. Co. K, 23. §S. Reading. Grocer. Sing. Enrd. 7
Aug. 62. Died 9 Nov. ’62, N. Bue.

Wiley, Samuel A. Co. H, 20. Reading. Clk. Sing. Enrd. 22 Oct. ’61.
Ambul. driv. Died 7 Sept.’62. Hatteras Inlet.

Willard, James M. Co.H,35. Harvard. Painter. Mard. Enrd. 4Nov.
61. wd. N.Bne. Disch. for dis. 21 July, 62. See p. 70.

Willey, George. Co. I, 21. N. Mkt., N. H. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 10
Oct. ’61. Disch. dishon. Dec. ’61.

Williams, Charles. Unassd. 21. Barre. Harn. mak. Sing. Enrd. 16
June, 62. Des. 17 June, 62.

Williams, George W. Co. K, 34. Foxboro. Machin. Mard. Enrd. 10
Aug. 61. Disch. for dis. 21 June, ’62.

Williams, Henry A. Co. B, 29. S. Dnvrs. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 8
Nov. ’61. Disch. for dis. 2 Dec. ’62.

Williams, James E. Co. G, 37. Bevly. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 25 Oct.
61. Wd.N. Bne. Died of wd. 19 April, 62. N. Bne. See p. 69.

Williams, Oscar P. Co. G, 18, b. Canton, Mass. Bevly. Cordr. Sing.
Enrd. 14 Oct. 61. Reend. Disch. end of war.

Williams, Simeon C. Co. K, 22. Boston. Clk. Mard. Enrd. 15 Sept.
61. Disch. for dis. 3 Jan. ’62.

Williams, Thomas J. Co. B, 33. Salem. Teamster. Mard. Enrd. 12
Sept. ’61. Disch. exp. of serv.

Wilkins, George G. Co. A,18. Salem. Bsmith. Sing. Enrd. 24 Aug.
61. Killed Dys. Bff. 16 May, 64. See p. 194.

Wilson, Asa A. Co. F, 19. Salem. Labor. Sing. Enrd. 21 Nov. ’64.
Disch. exp. of serv.

Wilson, Charles. Co. G, 19. Buffalo, N. Y., Saloon keep. Sing.
Eurd. 23 Dec. ’64. Disch. (from Hosp. ?) 12 July, 65.

Wilson, William H. Co. C, 41. Glouc. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 29 Oct.
61. Disch. for dis. 13 Aug. 62.
THE ROSTER. 333

Winchester, E.G. Co. C,18. Glouc. Clerk. Sing. Enrd. 9 Oct. ’61.
Disch. for dis. 13 Jan. ’63.

Winchester, Isaac. Co. F, 44. Salem. Stair build. Mard. Enrd. 28
Aug. ’62. Disch. exp. of serv.

Winchester, Silas. Co. F, 24, b. Dnvs. Salem. Cordr. Mard. Enrd.
14 Oct. 61. Corp. Reend. Pris. Dys. Bff. Died 19 Oct. ’64, Flor-
ence, S.C. See p. 196.

Winford, John. Co. B, 35. Bevly. Farm. Mard. Enrd. 28 Sept. ’61.
Disch. for dis. 1 April, ’63.

Wing, Henry K. Co. D, b. 23 Nov. 39. N. Bdfd. Clerk. Sing. Enrd.
20 Sept. ’61. Corp. 10 June, 63. Reend. Serg. 1 Jan. ’65. Disch.
end of war.

Wing, John A. Co. D, 27. N. Bdfd. S. Carpr. Sing. Enrd. 20 Sept.
°61. Reend. Killed Dys. Bff. 16 May, 64. See p. 195.

Winn, Frank A. Co. D, 22. Boston. Painter. Sing. Enrd. 7 Aug.
62. Detchd. Printer ’64. Disch. exp. of serv.

Winslow, William H. 38rd Serg. Co. A, b. 10 May, ’37. Mhead. Artist.
Sing. Co.C, 8thM. V.M.3 mos. serv. Enrd. 24 Aug.,’61. Disch.
for dis. 6 Dec.,’62. Reend. Co. 4th Hy. Arty. Disch. end of war.
See p. 69.

Winter, Albert. Co. C, 21. Glouc. Engin. Sing. Enrd. 10 Oct. ’61.
Disch. exp. of serv.

Winter, Francis E. Co. I, 28. Georgetown. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 17
Oct. 61. Disch. for dis. 26 Dec. ’62.

Witham, John S. Co. C, 20. Glouc. Dentist. Sing. Enrd. 1 Sept.
61. Corp. 18 Mch. ’63. Disch. exp. of serv.

Withey, Richard B. Co. K, 25. Dnvrs. Teamer. Mard. Enrd.1 Nov.
°61. Teamster. Disch. exp. of serv.

Wolcott, Royal E. Co. F, 29. Salem. Machin. Mard. Enrd. 8 Oct.
*61. Disch. for dis. 8 Sept. ’62.

Wonson, Edward.G. Co. C, 28. Glouc. Mar. Mard. Enrd. 14 Oct.
61. Disch. for dis. 2 Sept. 62.

Wonson, Henry F. Co. C,18. Glouc. Mar. Sing. Enrd. 8 Oct. 62.
Disch. exp. of serv.

Wonson, Jabez F. Co. C, 29. Glouc. Mar. Sing. Co. G, 8th M. V.
M.3mos. serv. Enrd. 5 Sept. ’61. Corp. 1 Aug. 62. Serg. 12
June, 63. Reend. Wd.C.H. Disch. end of war. See p. 218.

Wonson, Joseph P. Co. C. Glouc. Labor. Mard. Enrd. 2 Aug. ’62.
Trans. to V. RB. C. 11 June, 64. Died 13 Sept. 64. N. Bune.
Bd. there. No. 1825. See p. 235.

Wood, Charles. Co. H, 23. Harvard. Miller. Mard. Enrd. 2 Oct. ’61.
Killed Dys. Bff. 16 May, ’64. See p. 195.

Wood, Melville. Band, 2nd Leader, 27. Worcester. Mus. Mard.
Enrd. 8 Oct. 61. Disch. 30 Aug. 62. See p. 86.
334 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

Woodbury, Henry P. lst Lt. Co. G, b. 29 Dec. 35. Bevly. Cordr.
Mard. Ist. Serg. Co. E, 8th M. V. M. 3 mos. serv. Enrd. 8 Sept.
61. Capt. Co. F, 3 May, ’63. Wd.C. H. Comm’d Lt. Col. 20
Sept. ’64. Disch. as Capt. from Hosp. 25 June, 65. Died 9 Jan.
84. Was rep. to Gen. Court, ’76. Wid. two chn. See pp. 8, 209,
234.

Woodbury, Josiah H. Co. F,21. Salem. Morocco dresser. Sing. Enrd.
9 Oct. 61. Detchd. Med. Pur. 63-4. Disch. exp. of serv. See
p. 105.

Woodbury, Levi J. Co. G,29. Bevly. Cordr. Mard. Enrd. 2 Aug.
62. Disch. for dis. 26 Mch. ’63.

Wormstead, Theodore. Co. B,18. Lynn. Cordr. Enrd. 21 Oct. ’61.
Reend. Killed Dys. Bff. 16 May, 64. See p. 194.

Worth, William K. Co.I,19. Ipsh.‘Soap mak. Sing. Enrd. 22 Sept.
61. Acc. wd. 13 Dec. ’62. Disch. for dis. 12 May, 63. See p.
120.

Wright, Dennison A. Band. 2nd Cl. Mus. 26. Lowell. Inst. mak.
Sing. Enrd. 27 Oct’. 61. Disch. 30 Aug. ’62.

Wyatt, Andrew W. Band. 2nd Cl. Mus. 29. Salem. Mus. Sing.
Enrd. 12 Oct. 61. Disch. for dis. 29 April, 62. Died. See p. 87.

Wyer, James H. Co. D,19. Hyannis. Cordr. Sing. Enurd. 18 Oct.
61. Disch. for dis. 11 Oct. °62.

Wyeth, Richard H. Co. H. Lunenburg. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 9 Sept.
61.

Wyeth, Warren. Co. H, 18. Lunenburg. Farm. Sing. Enrd. 15 Oct.
61.

Y

Young, Isaac T. Co. G, 22. Bevly. Cordr. Sing. Enrd. 14 Oct. ’61.
Disch. exp. of serv.
FIELD, STAFF AND BAND. 335

THE ROLLS.

A LIST OF THE ORIGINAL MEMBERS, OF THE TWENTY-THIRD MASS.
VOL. INF. WITH THEIR FIRST RANK, AND OF THE RECRUITS.

FIELD.
COLONEL. LT. COLONEL. MAJOR.
John Kurtz. Henry Merritt. Andrew Elwell.
STAFF.
SURGEON. CHAPLAIN. ASST. SURGEON.
George Derby. J.B. Clark. Silas E. Stone.
ADJUTANT. QUARTER MASTER.
Jobn G, Chambers. J. A. Goldthwait.

NON COMMISSIONED STAFF.

SERGEANT MAJOR. Q. MASTER SERGT. COMMISSARY SERGT.
D. H. Johnson. S. P. Driver. J.C. Goodale.

FROM CIVIL LIFE OR OTHER REGIMENTS.

SURGEON, CHAPLAIN. ASST. SURGEON.
S.C. Whittier. L. L. Record. Jacob Roberts.
ASST. SURGEON. HOSP. STEWARD.
E. C. Cummings. J. M. Tourtelotte.
BAND.
LEADER. SECOND LEADER.
Hi. C. Brown. M. Wood.
FIRST CLASS.
E. A. White. E. Verry. J. Stuart. H. F. Brown. C. C. Cook.

SECOND CLASS.
J.Murdoch. E.D.McIntosh. C. Brown. A.W. Wyatt. D. A. Wright.
THIRD CLASS.

L.W. Ball. W.D. Maynard. D.E. Ball. R. W. Carleton. W.C. Whittemore,
D.C. Bannister. J. F. Chaffin. F.D. Goodwin.
336

CAPTAIN.
E, A. P. Brewster.

VIRST LIEUTENANT.

c. 8. Emmerton.

SECOND LIEUTENANT.
G. A. Fisher.

SERGEANTS.

J.R. Lakeman.
J.P. Ross.
W.H. Winslow.
E. T. Osgood.
F. W. Smith.

CORPORALS.

W. A. Andrews.
T. E. Bott.

C. W. Brooks.

I. H. Edgett.

W. T. Fowler.
E. A. Hall.
A.P. Smith.

J. L. Waterman.

MUSICIANS.

L. M. Ingalls, dr.
T.C. Taylor, f.

WAGONER.
B. F. Durgin.

PRIVATES.

C. H. Adams.

H. D. Allen.

G. A. Armstrong.
E. Blake.

J. Blake.

E.C. Blossom.
H. N. Bradstreet.
A. Brown.

E. W. Brown.

G. A. Brown.

A. B. Bryant.

G. W. Buifum.
N.W. Chaplin,

COMPANY A.

W. A. Chaplin.

=
a
as
a
2

. B. Evans.
. H. Felch.
G. Floyd.
L. Foss.
. M. Fuller.
A. Galletly.
.L. Getchell.
. E. Getchell.
. A. Gillespie.
. F. Goldthwait.
. A. Gove.
. H. Grant.
. W. Grant.
. H. Gray.
. H. Gunnison.
.C. Hardy.
.S. Higley.
G. R. Hodgdon.
W.H. P. Howard.
J.W. Kelly.
T. B. Kelly.
M. A. Kent.
M. Kimball.
A. P. Kneeland.
S. Knowlton.
C. A. Littlefield.
C.S. Magoun.
J. Moses.
J. E. Moses.
C. H. O’Hare.
E. W. Page.
J. A. Paine.
Preston Parker.
S.J. Parks, Jr.
J. L. Pierce,
L. Poor.
E. S. Reed.
J. H. Richards.

Bee

sa rou ee

goon

an

RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

. Richardson.

Aq

. Shanesy.
. Shaw.
- Shaw.

. Smith.

BP w

poeeere

W.S. Stirling.
A.J. Talbot.
J. Upton.

H. W. Verry.
F, Viannah.
W.L. Welch.
M. C. West.
J.L. Whitney.
G. G. Wilkins.

RECRUITS.

N. A. Fuller.

T. Foley.

J. W. Geaney.
J. Nichols.
D.M. Pollock.
A. F. Cressey.
T. E. Linnehan.
H. H. Richardson,
A.N. Tyler.

W. H. Murphy.
W. Webber.

A. Kimball,

F. M. Ricker.
G. W. Collins.
J.H. Stillman.
D. F. Pulsifer.
A. K. Austin.
C. F, Smith.

G. A. Copeland.
A. Stillman.

J. Page, Jr.

E. P. Dodge.
R. C. Monroe.
J.N. Kinsman.
C. T. Peirce.

J. Kelly.

W. W. Clark.
J. McShane.
CAPTAIN.
K. V. Martin.

FIRST LIEUTENANT.
T. Russell.

SECOND LIEUTENANT.
J. Goodwin, Jr.

SERGEANTS.

G. H. Morse.

G. H. Bliss.

W. W. Dutcher.
W. O. Norcross.
W. 4H. Atkins,

CORPORALS.

W. Terhune.

L. Girdler.

W. T. Christian.
J.L. Newton.
W.D. Hammond.
F. A. Potter.

D. Fuller.

J. B. Knowland.

MUSICIANS.

C. E. Roundey, dr.
H. Story, fif.

WAGONER.
T. Martin, Jr.

PRIVATES.

T. Atkins.

G. O. Barker.

J. F. Bates,

W.D. Bates.

W.B. Bessom, Ist.
W. B. Bessom, 2nd.

22

THE ROLLS.

COMPANY

D. F. Brown.
J. H. Brown.
R. Burrill.
J.G. Caldwell.
G. A. Call.

R. Carey.

R. Caswell.

L. S. Chamberlain,
H. J. Cheuniel.
S. O. Chenniel.
L. H. Curtis.
H. Cuthbertson.
J.N. Davis.

P. Donovan.
G. Duntley.

S. W. Eastey.
J. G. Estes.

L. F. Estey.
W.S. Eustis.
M. Fairfield.
W. L. Fairfield.
P. Finton.

T. Flyon.

J.P. Frost.

D. Fuller.

S. H. Glass.
M. P. Graves,
S. Hampson.
J. W. Jones,
D. Lane.

H. D. Larrabee.
T. McSweeney.
H. C. Mears.

C. H. Merrill.
J. Millea.

P.B. Millett.
P.M. Millett.
J. Monahan.

P. Morgan.

G. T. Morrill.
M. Murray.

J. Needham.

F. Nickett.

T. Paine.

C. P. Peabody.
W. W. Peabody.
B. Pedrick.

L. E. Pemberton.
B. C. Pope.

G. Prince.

C. H. Putnam.

337

P. Quinn.
A. Ramsdell.
J. H. Ramsdell.
W. 4H. Ray.
D.N. Reed.

. H. Riley.

H. T. Saunders.
C. H. Sawyer.
W. C. Senter.
J. Shapine.

J. Shaw.

J. Smith.

T. Stanley.

P. H. Strong.
T. Swasey, Jr.
B. Swetland.

F. F. Swett.

C. W. Taylor.
J.B. Ward.

H. A. Williams.
T. J. Williams.
J. Winford.

T. Wormstead.

RECRUITS.

J. H. Glass.

B. F. Nimblet.
H. W. Spear.
R. H. Green.
L. Ayers.

N. B. Giles.

G. A. Luscomb.
D. q. Allen.

A. O. Chamberlain.
J. E. Cromett.
T. J. Caswell.
E. U. Graves.
. J. Peach, Jr.
A. A. Higgins.
J.J. Dennis.
J.W. Collyer.
C. B. Goss.

J. Phillips.

A. M. Chute.
W. H. Chapman.
F, Merritt.

J. Romeo.
338

CAPTAIN.
A. Center.

FIRST LIEUTENANT.
E. A. Story.

SECOND LIEUTENANT.
F. J. Babson.

SERGEANTS.

S. H. Everett.
W. Greenleaf.
A. C. Millett.
G. D. Choate.
C. W. Swift.

CORPORALS.

G. H. Crockett,
B. F. Morey.

J. F. Porter.

F. Butler.

W. H. Marston.
G. A. Procter.
C. Blatchford.
G. Pulcifer.

MUSICIANS.

A. A. Center.
J. Smith.
C. E. Locke.

WAGONER.
E. H. Hildreth.

PRIVATES.

F. M. Alley.
BE. Allen.

G. F. Allen.
A.C. Ambler.
F. W. Atwood.
Cc. A. Barker.

RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD

COMPANY

L. W. Brown.
H. S. Buffington.
W. Bushey.

T. S. Butler.
C. Chapdellan.
O. Chapdellan.
H. G. Coas.

A. J. Cone.
J.H. Davis,

Cc. Day.

D. Donnovan.
J.K. Dustin, Jr.
D. M. Favor.
S. Flint.

R. T. Foster.
H. Gaffney.

M. A. Galvin.
G. D. Gardner.
R. Ghe.

G. Goldsmith.
B. H. Griffin.
T. Griffin, Jr.
J. H. Harris.
A. S. Haskell.
E. H. Haskell.
N. Haskell.

W. Heath.

W. Holden.
M. Kelly.

G. W. Knight.
J. H. Lord.
W.S. McAndrew.
J. McCartney.
S. Marston.

T. Matchett.
P. Millington.
W. Morey.

J. Palmer.

J. J. Parker.
C. H. Pew.

J. B. Phillips.
A. Rice.

8. S. Rich.

L. 8S. Rogers.
E. Rowe.

R. Sargent.

J. E. Saunders.
S. Saxton.

L. T. Smith.

I. T. Southwell.
J. F. Symonds.

MASS.

Cc.

VOL. INF.

J.C. Tolman.

Cc. Tucker.

J. 1. Tupper.

J. S. Upton.

H. Utpadel.

M. Vasconcellos.
J. H. Webster.
J. W. Widger.
T. D. Widger.
W. H. Wilson.
E. G. Winchester.
A. Winter.

J.S. Witham.

E. G. Wonson.
H. F. Wonson.
J. ¥F. Wonson.

RECRUITS.

T. Griffin.

B. J. Hussey.
D. P. Bumpus.
J. Lewis.

J.P. Maloney.
L. Brackett, Jr.
E. B. Center.
W. H. Cross.
A. Day, Jr.

G. E. Day.

C, Knight.

G. A. Lane.

A. M. Laroque.
J. F. Norwood.
T. W. Nye.

M. Riggs.

H. De Vries.

J. Ingersoll.
J.J. Proctor.

. P. Babson.

Hizs
nee
s

Sg

ed.

wu

pe

- Prescott.
k. Thorn.

- Doten.

. Stickney.

Zeuah
my =
CAPTAIN.
C. Howland.

FIRST LIEUTENANT.
S.C. Hart.

SECOND LIEUTENANT.
A. Lang.

SERGEANTS.

I. C. Hart.
W.D. Keith.
E. T. Jenney.
W. G. Davis.
W.D. Alder.

CORPORALS.

J. F. Roberts.
R. L. Hillman.
J.B. Bowman,
J. A. Bullard.
A. Almy.

C. A. Davis.
A.C, Smith,
G. S. Doten.

MUSICIANS.
G. G. Coffin.

WAGONER.
Z. Barstow.

PRIVATES.

E.

A. W. Ashley.
J. Battles.
T.
0

. N. Briggs.
W. D. Budlong.
L. D. Bumpus.
R. A. Bumpus.
C. T. Burgess.
J. Cambridge.

THE ROLLS.

COMPANY D.

W. Carpenter.
Cc. Cavanagh.
W. C. Chamberlain.

. H. Coble.

re

. H. Fisher.
H. Gibson.
L. Glines.

o 4

Me

eas
rt
cy
a
Fe
B
a

‘a Hillman.

aeupy
Pe

ny

°}

o

Qa

E. F, Jennings.
W.AH. H. Jennings.
S. Johnson.

H. C. Kingman.
P. Lacy.

N. J. Lake.

H. B. Leach.
D. Leary.
F.C. Luce.

G. B. Macomber.
P. Macomber.
J. N. Mitchell.
A. Morse.

F. W. Murdock.
T. O'Neal.

P. Ormond.

I. S. Peckham.
8S. Pierce.

C. Pohl.

W. A. Potter.
B. Rall.

J. Ramadell.

A. Reynolds.
W. Reynolds.
M. Sawyer.

C. H. Sears.

H. F. Sherman.
B. Spencer.

339

W. B. Spooner.
B. Sprague.

N. H. Stevens.
J.B. Taber.

C. L. Thompson.
B. O. Tillson.

G. W. Topham.
J.B. oe

RECRUITS.

G. W. Booth.
J. W. Daniels.
T. Entwistle.
O. W. Booth.
E. W. Hewitt.
B. F. Kinsley.
J.S. Patch.

H. S. Sweet.
J. F. Crosby.
C. Chase.

W. A. Gand.
C. P. Peirce.
F. A. Winn.
M. Sullivan.
J.C. Bolles.

J. Watkins.

J. H. French.
A. P. Jenney.
D. B. Bacon.
J.S. Southwick.
S. McLaugblin.
T. Allen.

G. Brown.

C. F. Fisher.
W. H. Hartwell.
T.M. Keith.

O. Pitts.

J. Ryan.

A. J. Tozier.
3840 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS. VOL. INF.

CAPTAIN.
W. B. Alexander.

FIRST LIEUTENANT.
O. Rogers.

SECOND LIEUTENANT.
T. B. Atwood.

SERGEANTS.

J.R. Drew.

C. L. French.
B. Dollard.
J.D. Terry.

D. W. Burbank.

CORPORALS.

W.S. Burbank.
F. E. Davis.
J.S. Lucas.

H. J. Lauman,
J.M. Sewall.
J.C. Standish.
W. Soule.

J. D. Sanborn.

MUSICIANS.

E. C. Hart.
P. McMahon.

WAGONER.
A. Benson.

PRIVATES.

G. Atwell.

Cc. H. Atwood.
T. C. Atwood.
W.T. Atwood.
I. P. Bagnall.
G. Bailey.

H. D. Baker.
H. C. Bartlett.
W. Bartlett.
E. Bassett.

G. Benson.

L. S. Bonney.

COMPANY E.

J. A. Bowen.
E. B. Braley.
J.R. Braley.
H. Bryant.

A. 8. Burbank.
J. K. Burgess.
J. Burns,

J.E. Burt.

E. S. Carnes.
A. T. Caswell,
T. Chandler.
W. Chubbuck.
J. L. Churchill.
W.E. Churchill.
G. H. Dunham.
L. W. Eldred.
B. F. Fuller.
T.S. Fuller.
G. Feid.

W. G. Finney.
W. Gibbs.

H. Gould.

S. W. Holmes.
H. Howe.

R. S. Hunt.

M. Kennally.
P. Koran.

O. W. Lapham.
C. I. Leavitt.
N. Lee.

C. H. Long.

H. Marshall.
M. F, Maxim,

4Hnuon
pape a!
GC
5
5

. Page.

. Paulding.
. Paulding,
. Pearson,
. B. Peirce,

. Perkins.

. B. Perry.
W.T. Pierce.
Cc, F. Pinkham.
N. Pratt,

E. A. Pratt.
J. Pratt.

H. Pratt.

J.B. Ryder.

a

Zemwoay
Bayo

T. S. Saunders,
W. H. Searles.
A. T. Sears.

D. Sewall.

E. Smith.

J. W. Southworth.
T. Southworth.
E. L. Stetson.
J. Stetson.

C. C. Stevens.
E. Stevens.

J. H. Stillman.
G. W. Swift.
W.R. Swift.

J. Taylor.

B. Thayer.
J.S. Towle.

B. Wesgate.

RECRUITS.

G. E. Blaisdell.
W. H. Coarser.
M. Atwood.

G. Briggs.

S. Falcke.

C. Sullivan.

D. Wells.

S. A. Burnham.
W. Parsons.
T.S. Atwood.
J. Cook.

H. A. Raymond.
N. Bowen.

E. L. Cole.

W. D. Cole.

L. Cook.

F. Millard.

S. D. Nichols.
B. H. Smith.
H.N. Sears.

O. E. Gould.

G. F. Stetson.
J. Quinlan.

B. F. Leavitt.
J. H. Cox.

H. F. Perkins.
E. L. Richardson.
A. Bradford.
H. H. Hadley. °
G. A. Staples.
CAPTAIN.
G. M. Whipple.

FIRST LIEUTENANT.
Cc. H. Bates.

SECOND LIEUTENANT.
G. R. Emmerton.

SERGEANTS.

R. P. Wheeler.
P. T. Derby.

C. H. Hayward.
P. M. Fowler.
F. H. Lee.

CORPORALS.

D. Carlton.
J.G.S. Carlton.
C. W. Davis.

J. A. Emmerton.
G. 8. Mansfield.
J. Nagel.

L. L. Robbins.
H. F. Waters.

MUSICIANS.

A. Gardner.
R. King.

WAGONER.
S. A. Tarbox.

PRIVATES.

H. H. Almy.

R. B. Arnold.

B. F. Arrington.
J. Arrington, Jr.
W.R. Austin.

8. Barnard, Jr.
G. H. Batchelder.
P. Becker.

S. H. Brooks.

E. L. Brown.

D. W. Burchstead.
F. 8. Caird.

THE ROLLS.

COMPANY F.

W. F. Chapple.
C. P. Clark.

oy

. M. Crocker.
E. Cummins.
W. F. Daniels.
. S. Dodge.
M. Dow.

. H. 8. Driver.
.S. Dudley.

. E. Edgerly.
F.

raugcs

Enilio.
Emmerson,
. Farley.
ield.
F. Fischer.
J.P. Floyd.
E. Glazier.
Gray.
H. Hamblet.
M.
Cc.

F.

s.

J.
J.
c

oO.
F

Ww.
c.
J.
J.
Ss.
A. M. Hill.
J.C. Hiltz.
E. F. Hobbs.
S. S. Hooper.
W.H, Janes.
W. Jenness.
N. Johnson.
. Lake.
H. Lufkin.
J.B. McCloy.
A.E. Manning.
C. Manning.

L.
E.
J

J. A. Manning.
H. Martin.

F. Matthews,

A. A. Munroe.
F. M. Osborne.
G. E. Osgood.
J. W. Peabody.
E.S. Perkins.

G. P. Phippen.

. A. Pinkham.
H. H. Prime.
A. Reed,

R
Cc
. O. Sargent.
. H. Saunders.
. C. Scriggins.

341

Do
mo

Shaw.

. Southward.
Stone.

. H. Swaney.

. C. Symonds.

. R. Tebbetts.

. H. Thomas.

. W. Thompson.
. P. Tilton.

. H. Townsend.
. W. Trask.
W.H. Upham.
. E. Valentine.
Waldron.

- B. Wallis.

. E. Whittredge.
. Winchester.
E.
H.

ao

Shape

HHOp

aaag

Wolcott.
Woodbury.

=

RECRUITS.

G.H. Nourse.
G. Newell.

E. B. Putnam.
J. Thornton.
A. Bauer.

F. R. Bunker.
G. W. Dudley.
A.C. Ellison,
A.D. Trowt.
P. Derby.

G. A. Dodge.
G. O. Hinckley.
A. Dodge, 2nd.
A. P. McDufiie.
C. C. Morse.

Cc. E. Wadleigh.
P.J. Snapp.
E. P. Grosvenor.
I. Winchester.
C. Dudley.

J. W. Dodge.
A. Tibbets.
J.L, Lincoln,
A.B. Twissell.
A. A. Wilson.
J. Forrest.

W. Snedecor.
P. Flynn.

E. C. Thomas.
342

CAPTAIN.
J. W. Raymond.
FIRST LIEUTENANT.
H. P. Woodbury.

SECOND LIEUTENANT.

D. W. Hammond.
SERGEANTS.

W. E. Choate.

S. Goodridge, Jr.

C. W. Mitchell.

C. Friend, 2nd.

A.P. Dodge.
CORPORALS.

A.J. Blanchard.

J. Dodge.

W.T. Early.

E. H. Obear.

E.B. Perry.

G. H. Pickett.

T. J. Smith, Jr.

J.P. Wallis.
MUSICIANS.

A. J. Hall.

C. H. Webber.
WAGONER.

G. F. Bragdon.
PRIVATES.

J. F. Agent.

J.C. Allen.

S. B. Allen.

J. H. Arnold.

J. E. Ayers.

P. Barry, Jr.

I. D. Batchelder.

J. W. Boden.

J. Bradbury.

R. Brandon.

B. Bray.

W. P. Brown.

E. K. Burk.

T. Burk.

A.A. Butler.

A. Caldwell.

R. Carey, Jr.

C. Carrico.

J. W. Caswell.

M. Clark.

N. H. Clark.

W. T. Clark.

J. W. Clayton.

I. Crampsey.

B. Creesy, 3rd.

RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD

COMPANY

J.J. Dalton.
G. A. Danforth.
T. D. Davis.

C. R. Dennis.
J. E. Dow.

A. Dupee.

Cc. G. Fernald.
A. W. Ferguson.
J. M. Floyd.

T. Gavin.

A. Glidden.

J. Glidden.

C. F. Glover.
A. Goldsmith.
J.D, Goodwin,
W. iH. Grimes.
A.E. Grush.
J.H. Gunnison.
M. Handly.

J. Higinbottom.
C. Holden.

R. Hood.
T.C. Jeffs.

G. S. Jewett.
B. Kennison.
W. A. Lufkin.
W. Maxey.

G. H. Morgan.
N. Morgan.
W. Munsey.
A. Nickerson.
H. M. Osborn.
C. F. Parker.
J.P. Perkins.
M. Perkins, Jr.
L. J. Randall.
P. W. Reed.

S. B. Sands.

G. C. Smith.

J. W. Smith.
L. Southwick.
C. H. Stocker.
W.K. Taylor.
E. Thissell.

L. A. Thissell.
Cc. P. Trask.

F. E. Tucker.
P. Twist.

W. Wallis, 2nd.
S. L. Weeks.
D. Whidden.
J.E. Williams.
O. P. Williams.
1. T. Young.

MASS.

G.

VOL. INF.

RECRUITS.
W. Hutchinson.
S. H. Osborne.
J.D. Marshall.
S. W. Abbott.
J. H. Baker.
A. Trask.
J.F. Vickery.
L. J. Woodbury.
Cc. R. Allen.
G. A. Pickett.
A. B. Trask.
Cc. W. Taylor.
J. Leach.
B. Bassett.
T. Bassett.
H. Callahan.
C. Elliott, 2nd.
I. Elliott, Jr.
C. H. Jones.
L. McGarth.
E. C. Morgan.
E. Crombie.
J. Caldwell.
G. Masury, 2nd.
J. Stott.
A. H. Goodwin.
J. Liffin.
R. N. Brown.
N. T. Howard.
J. A. Lefavor.
E. H. Buxton.
D. Carney.
J. Dugan.
Cc. Wilson.
T. Berry.
T. Harrington.
D.C. Leonard.
T. Quinlan.
J.S. Garrick.
J. B. Norton.
W. Bruce.
E. F. Stanley.
E. A.Webber.
J.T. Cook.
J. Ellis.
J. Flynn.
J. Freeman.
J.H. Johnson.
H. B. Lord.
J. Lull.
J. Pendergast.
W.A. Ring.
R. T. Smith.
CAPTAIN.
W.C. Sawyer.

FIRST LIEUTENANT.
W.L. Kent.

SECOND LIEUTENANT.
P. H. Niles.

SERGEANTS.
C. Kilburn.
G. V. Barrett.
W. G. Bragdon.
E. E. Fairbanks.
J.H.Taylor.

CORPORALS.

F. W. Brown.
A. Hutchinson.
D.B. Ladd.

H. P. Kilburn.
F.N. Nelson.
A.A. Stall.
Cc. B. White.
H. 8. Bowers.

MUSICIANS.

W.F. Warren.
H. K. White.

WAGONER.
J. Suwyer.

PRIVATES.

H. G. Abbott.

E. Albert.

J.C. Attleton.

J. Attwood.

W. H. Beckerman.
I. M. Bennett.

E. J. Brougham.
H. A. Browne.

M. Cashman,

A. J. Clark.

J, A. Cleale.

J. Coad.

M. F. Crane.

J. Daly.

J. P, Eaton.
W.O. Eaton.

H. W. George.

E, Goldsmith.

E. O. Harlow.

H. H. Harrington.

THE ROLLS.

COMPANY H.

W. Harrington.
J. W. Hawkes.
G. A. Haydon.
J. M. Hildreth.
F.C. Hill.

E. Holman.

B. H. Hoyt.

G. E. Humphrey.
A.B. Jarvis.

A. Jones.

G.B. Jones.

L. Kimball.

S. D. Lawrence.
S.M. Lincoln.
Cc. B. Longley.
J. E. Lyons.

D. Morrill.

E. Munyon.

G. W. Nason, Jr.
A. Nelson.

W. Newhall.

C. E. Oliver.
S.H. Peckham.
W.C, Peckham.
W. M. Pillsbury.
W.H. Prescott.
J. ¥F.Priest.

H. Ratcliffe.
J.D. Sawtelle.
P. Smith.

W. Smith.

W. B. Stall.

H. L. Stone.

C. W. Sweet.
W. Taylor.

B. Todd.

G. C. Wetherbee.
A. L. Wilder.

S. A. Wiley.
J.M. Willard.
C. Wood.

RECRUITs.

T.R. Arnold.
W.C, Mitchell.
M. Curlin.

M. Halpine.
M. Hynes.

P. Keegan.
W.C. Acton.
A. Delano.
W.A. Harley.
R. McKenzie.

343

J. Murphy.

J. O'Brien.

Cc. N. Derby.
J.W. Dickinson.
E. F. Dickinson.
G. F. Reynolds.
A.R. Stone.

E. Beckford.

J. ¥F. Chellis.

J. Farnsworth, Jr.
J.B. Lovering.
F. J. Stone.

D. N. Kilburn.
J. H. Smith.
T.R. Arnold.
H. C. Hardwick.
F. McCarty.

J. McCluskey.
J. Miller.

A. T. Stabl.

J. W. Snow.

D. C. Bunting.
J.J. Davis.

J. Lahey.

C. H. Hinds.

E. C. Pike.

J. Bracken,

F, Peirce.

F. A. Marsh.

J. Ryan.

R. R. Austin.
F. Jones.

W. H. Austin.
W. Reed.

E. A. Jennings.
J. Connors.

H. A. Cromitt.
T. Clark.

P. Chateauvert.
M. Dinn.

J. Duncealf.
J.B. Graves.

S. W. Keyes.

D. W. Matthews.
H. M. Pratt.

B. F. Sparrow.
T. Smith.

W. Wyeth.

R. H. Wyeth.
E.V. Austin.
W. Jones.
W.C. Pike.

I, B. Peabody.
J. A. Dame.
344 RECORD OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS.

CAPTAIN.
J. Hobbs.

FIRST LIEUTENANT.
W. J. Creasey.

SECOND LIEUTENANT.
D. P. Muzzey.

SERGEANTS.

F. M. Doble.

T. E. Marshall.
J. A. Merrill.

E. L. Davenport.
E. G. Hull.

CORPORALS.

J. Barlow.

E. Eldridge, Jr.
A. Falls.

E. T. Gurney.
C. A. Gould.

T. L. Jewett.
G.M. Joy.

J. D. Parsons.

MUSICIANS.

S. G. Robinson.
A. P. Hills.

WAGGONER.
J. P. Boyd,

PRIVATES.

A. Abbott.
. B. Andrews.
. A. Barker.
. H. Bean.
F. Bridges.
O. Bridges.
. A. Brockelbank,

L
J
F
J.
J.
L
H.A. Brown.
A. Burnham.
G. E. Burns.

COMPANY I.

J. H. Chaniel.
J. W. Choate.
J. A. Clark.
J.¥F.G. Clark.
W. H. Cook.
P. Coughlin.
T. B. Cressey.
M. Crooker.
P. Crotty.

C. Deeds.

C. H. Dow.

E. Evans.
O.S. Fairbanks.
H. Forbes.
J.C. Foss.

W. OC. Foster.
C. Fox.

N. P. Frost.

S. Furbush.

J. Gallagher.
G. Gurney.

J. Hall.

J. F. Haskell.
A. 8. Hills.

J. Hinds.

F, Howard.

J. L. Howard.
A. Humphrey.
G. W. Irving.
G. H. Jackman.
J. H. Jewett.
H. G. Kirkwood.
P. Lacy.

E. S. Lewis.
J.G. Lord.

W. E. Low.
G. McGarvey.
J. McGowan.
C. H. Mendell.
D. Merrill.

J. H. Montgomery.

D. C. Morrill.
W. Morrison.
T, Peabody.
W. P. Peatfield.
T. Pender.

W. Hz. Perkins.
D. F. Pinder.
G. Poor.

T. F. Porter.
W. Putnam.

VOL. INF.

J. K. Quested.
J. Reeves.

W. W. Robinson.
E. Ross.

G. Rowe.

G. H. Sargent.
W. W. Shattuck.
J. Sherburne.

G. Smith.

Z. H. Smith.

C. Stockbridge.
J.T. Stockman.
S.T. Swett.

A. Tarr.

C. H. Thompson.
J. M. Tozier.

S. Wade.

W. Welch.

A. H. Wentworth.
C. H. Wheeler.
W. W. Wheeler.
G. Willey.

F. E. Winter.
W.K. Worth.

RECRUITS.

J.S. Peatfield.
8. Sullivan.

E. D. Blanchard.
L. Clark.

J. Cunningham.
W. Darcy.

W. Elliot.

D. Fletcher.

A. Gay.

A. Griffin.

E. W. Hodgkins.
I. Norwood.

J. R. Saville.

J. Shackleford.
F. Fisher.

J. Hinchliff.

G. B. McKenzie.
J.A. Perkins.
E. D. Cohota.
B. H. Jackman.
D. Connor.

H. B. Lord.

C. W. Estes.

J. P. McGlinn.
CAPTAIN.
C. A. Hart.

FIRST LIEUTENANT.
J. Littlefield.

SECOND LIEUTENANT.

B. F. Barnard.

SERGEANTS.

E. E. Bird.

H. Peach.

L. L. Bullard.
C. Howard.

E. A. Goodwin.

CORPORALS.

J. A. Carpenter.
W. iH. Fales.

8. 5S. Hartshorn, Jr.
G. Packard.

T. G. Pierce.

W. iH. Pierce.
B.P. Slater.

J. L. Sherman.

MUSICIANS.

F. Taylor.
W. Chapman.

WAGONER.
J. E. Barry.

PRIVATES.

J.#H. Algier.
E. Ames.

C. Annable.
J. W. Bacon.

THE ROLLS.

COMPANY K.

B. F. Belcher.
L, Bennett,

J. H. Boutelle.
J. Brigham.

H. S. Buck.

J. Cailand.

T. Carpenter.
E. R. Chadwick.
S. C. Chestnut.
Cc. J. Clapp.
W.S. Clapp.
C. H. Curtis.
F. M. Day.

G. Edwards.
E. E. Ellis.

G. Emerson.
J. Estes.

D. Flavahan.
W. Fogg.

D. Green.

C. E. Hall.

Cc. T. Hamblin.
P. Hanabury.
M. R. Hartshorn.

W. D. Higgins.
. H. Hill.

- Hood.

- Horton.

. Lake.
ackin.
ahoney.

. Matthews.
ehurin.

. A. Mooy.
ro M. Mylod.

. J. Newell,
M. Paren.

E. B. Piper.

S. N. Piper.

J. Pitcher.

O. Prince.

J. Procter.

E. Richardson.
I. N. Roberts.
S, Sawyer.

S. B. Sawyer.
M. Shannon.
D. G. Shepard.
D. Sillers.

H. D. Skinner.
H. A. Snow.

smn t

pgreustbobo:
aor

345

C. W. Stearnes.
E. Stetson.

J. M. Stillman.
J.Taylor.

C. A. Whipple.
D. W. Whiting.
G. W. Williams.
S.C. Williams.
R. B. Withey.

RECRUITS.

W. Clarrage.
W. L. Forness.
A. North.
J. Cassidy.
J. Griffin.
G. Harris.
E. E. Marx.
J. Nagle.
D. O'Conner.
J. Quinn.
J. M. Rowley.
J.J. Simpson.
J. Allen.
W. Bacon.
H. P. Baker.
P. Flood.
J. W. Greenough.
G. Heywood.
W. A. Hallock.
T. McCormick.
H. L. Roberts.
C.N. Spear.
E. Cook.
J. Cobbett.
A. J. Clark.
C. A. Evans.
B. M. Kenny.
O. W. Kennison.

.D. Stowell.

T

H. L. Haskell.
J. Gay.

J. Morris.
E. Clinton.
346 RECORD

M. B. Alley.
J. Anderson.
W. H. Blaney.
G. Brown.

T. Butler.

H. F. Carman.
J. W. Cole.

J. Crotty.

C. H. Davis.
T. Davison.
M. Donagan.
C. W. Fish.

OF TWENTY-THIRD MASS.

UNASSIGNED.

J.T. Gillespie.
W. Harrison.
H. Hayward.
R. Hodder.

G. W. Kittredge.
S. La Point.

H. Lynch.

J. Lynch.

H. G. Madden.
E. P. Marshall.
D. W. MeNeill.
F. H. Merrill.

VOL. INF.

J. Morton.

J. Peasley.
J.M. Phyfe.
A. S. Pingree.
W. Pinckton.
J.C. Rogers.
C. Smith.
J.¥F. Spinney.
T. Sullivan.
J. E. Trask.
J. Tufford.

C. Williams.
INDEX.

Further reference, for members of the regiment, may be found in the

Roster, p. 252.

Alexander, Capt., 4, 44, 50.

Allen, Col., 33.

Alligator river, 58.

Allis, S. M., 27th, 64.

Amory, W. A., Maj., 245.

Amory, T. J. C., Col,. 84.

Amphions, 5.

Andrew, J. A., Gov., 1, 4, 5, 20, 54,
75:

Andrew Light Guard, 7.

Andrews, Col., 70, 106,

Annapolis, 19.

Appleton, Wis., 75.

Arrowfield Ch., 179.

Ashby, 70.

Ashcroft, 85.

Astor House, 16.

Atwood, Lt., 58.

Attwood, 25th, 45.

“A way in the wilderness,” 21.

Band Reg.l, 11.
Bartholomew, Col., 186.
Batchelder’s Creek, 76, 34.
Battles.
Arrowfield Church, 177.
Cold Harbor, 206.
Drury’s Bluft, 181.
Goldsboro, 129.
Heckman’s Farm, 175.
New Berne, 63.
Kinston in ’62, 120.

s in ’65, 244.
Petersburg, 222.
Rawle’s Mills, 110.
Roanoke, 46.

Walthall Junction, 177.
Whitehall, 124.
Wilcox Bridge, 144.
Wren’s Mills, 163.

Bay River, 79.
Bay-State Guards, Io.
“Bearing Arms,” 184, 238.
Beaufort, N. C., 30.
Beauregard, Gen. 185-92.
Beckett, W. H. 105.
Behm, 114.
Bellows, Rev. Hen., 16.
Bermuda Hundred, 173.
Bernard’s Mills, 162.
Bertram, John, 4.
Bogue Island, 143.
Bower’s Hill. 162.
Branch, Col., 51.
Brazos Santiago, 29, 30.
Brewster, Maj., 2, 5, 220.
Briant, 217.
Broad Creek, 150.
Broadway Landing, 201.
Brooks, Gen., 177.
Brown, H. C., 11, 25, 31.
Bumstead, N. W., 97.
Burnside, Gen., 16, 19, 40, 52, 63,
67, 74, 98, 101.
Burnside’s Mine, 224.
Butler, Gen., 216, 234.

Cairo, N. Y., 68.
Caldwell, Aug., 72.
Calhoun, 114.
California Cross-roads, 148.
California furnace, 20.
Camps.
Bertram, 8.
Pendleton, 106.
Phoenix, 160.
Carolina City. 134-42.
Casualty lists.
Arrowfield Church, 179.
Batchelder’s Creek, 88.

(347)
348 INDEX.

Cold Harbor, 218.
Drury’s Bluff, 194.
Kinston, ’65, 246.
New Berne, 68.
Petersburg, 228.
Roanoke, 48.
Steamer Fawn, 230.
Whitehall, 127.
Wren’s Mills, 163.
Yellow Fever, 235.
Cedar Point, 146.
Chaff, 158.
Chambers, Col., 16, 23, 187-91-7.
Christmas ’63. 156.
Clarke, J. B., 16, 149.
Clifford Guards, 3.
Coast Guards. 5.
Cobb’s Hill, 114.
Cogswell, Gen., 7.
Coinjock, 231.
Cold Harbor, 204.
Columbia, S. C., 68.
Cook, drummer, 26.
Cooper Assocn., 17.
Corps d Afrique, 139.
Cowgill, G. A., 237.
Cox, Gen., 243.
Croatan Station, 233.
Crowninshield, 197.
Cummings, E. P., 99, 147.
“Curly,” 32.
Cushing, 114.

Dayton, E. G., Capt., 41-2-6, 53-5,
61-2-4-6-7, 78.

Davis, Hon. Wm T., 4.

De Forrest, 137.

Denny, J. W., 25th, 51.

Derby, G. Surgeon, 167.

Detaille, 53.

Details, 26.

Devereux, J. F., 3.

Doherty, 91.

Dollard, 29, 125.

Drewry, 181.

Drilling after dark, 162
Drumming-out, 23.
Drury’s Bluff, 181.

Edenton, N. C., 150.
Elizabeth City, 150.
Ellingwood, Maj., 158.
Elwell, Col., 87.
Emmerton, C. S., 186, 209.
G. R. 88.
J. A., 99, 218.
W. #., 47.
Escanaba. 221.
Evans’ Mills., 233.
Expeditions.
Across the Neuse., 76.
After the “Gideon.” 58.
Batchr Ck., 76-7, 84-5—-7-9.
Bernard’s Mills, 161.
Bogue Island, 143.
Broad Creek, 150.
Burnside’s Mine, 224.
Cedar Point, 146.
Edenton, 151.
Elizabeth City, 150.
Fort Heckman, 151.
Jackson, 79.
North Edisto, 139.
Smithfield, 163.
South Carolina, 134.
Suffolk, 161.
Swan Quarter, 150.
Swift Creek, 100.
Tarboro, Ir10.
Trent Road, 77.
Washington, 141.
Winton, 148.

Fawn, Stmr., 230.

Ferrero, Col., 51.

Fish, A. Surg., 27th, 208-13.
Florence, 232.

Flusser, 114.

Forbes, R, B., 5.

Formation, 2.
INDEX. 349

Fort Boykin, 166.
Darling, 193.
Fisher, 68.
Heckman, 146.
Macon, 239.
Monroe, 31.
Spinola, 143, 233.
Warren, 143.
Foster, J. G., Gen., 20, §0, 154.
Foxboro, ro.

Galvin, M. A., 104.
Garrard, 124.

Gerry Mechanic’s Phalanx, 3.
Getty’s Line, 159.

Gideon, schr., 58, 60.
Gideon’s Band, 37.
Gillette, A. Surg. 9th N. J., 213.
Gilmore, P. S., 31, 58.
Glee Club, 39, 105.
Gloucester, 3.

Goldsboro Exp., 118-29.
Goodwin, J., Jr., 48.
Goldthwait, J. G,, 58, 142.
Goodrich, 142.

Gottingen, 75.

Graffenried de, go.
Graham, Gen., 165.
Granite, sloop, 44.

Graves, E. E., 194.

Gray, Col. 96th N. Y., 122.
Green, W. G., Lt. Col., 56.
Greenleaf, 105.

Groton Junction, 74.
Gun-crew, 41, 66.

Hagood, Gen., 178.
Hammill, 115.

Hammond, D. W., 8, 87, 193, 220,

Hampton Roads, 31.
Hanaford, 8.

Harland, Gen., 234-45.
Harrison’s, 77.

Hart, C. A., 10.

Hart, S. C., 33.

Hatteras, 28.

Hatteras Cove, 32.
Havelock Guards, 9.
Heckman’s Farm, 175.
Heckman, Gen. 156, 180-88., et al.
Higgins, S. W., 45.
Highlander, 28, 60.
Hilton Head, 138.
Hobbs, J., 9, 76, 85.
Holmes, Aunt D., 96.
Holmes, O. W., 6.
Howe, Col., 16.
Huckins, 217.
Hunter, Gen., 137.
Hussar, 29, 44.

Ives, D. P., 12.

Jackson, 79.

Jackson’s, 77.

James, Chaplain, 25, 58.
Jersey City, 17.

“Jewels”, 6.

Johnson, D. H., 7, 47, 58.
Jordan, Col., 58.

Kent, Wm. L., 85, 143-50.
Kimberley, Dr., 160.
Kingsbury, 221.

Kinston 62.120 65, 244.
Kurtz, Col., 107.

Lawrence, Gen., 197.
Lawrence, J. A., 163.
Lee, Mary, 118.
Leggett, Col., 122.
Lenoir Hosp., 247.
Lincoln, Mrs., 17.
Littlefield, J., 11.
Lynnfield, Life at, 12.

McCartney, 40, 80.
McClellan, Gen., 36.

“ “ Surg, 99, 112.
Magnolia Springs, 162.
Maine, Jac. C., 9.

Mars, Rev., J. N., 152.
350

“Marshe’s”, The, 61.
Martin, K. V., 3, 44-5.

Martindale, Gen., 193, 202-20.

Mayer, Dr., 237.
Mellen, 24th 53.
Merritt, Lt. Col., 70.
Messenger, 70.
Military telegraph, 159.
“Mine, our,” 2265.

“  Burnside’s, 224.
Mitchell, Louis, go.
Mix, Col, 150.

Monteil, Lt. Col., 50.
Morong, Dr., 94.
Morse, Serg. G. H., 48.
Morton ship, 135.
Muddy Lane, 104.
Muster-in, 20.

Naglee, Gen., 138.
Nag’s Head, 113.
New Berne, go.
Battle, 63.
Battle ground, 99.
Casualties, 68.
Gamp Quarters, 94.
Gontrabands, 95.
Fire Comp’y, 104.
Guard duty, 97.
Gun crew, 64-6.
History, go.
Hose Comp., 106.
Hospitals, 94.
In 1865, 249.
Landing at, 62.
“Progress,” 80.
Typhoid, 79.
Topography, 92.
New Castle Ferry, 203.
Newport’s News, 152.
New York City, 16.
Norfolk, 230. a
North Edisto, 139.
Nutting, Capt., 249.

Ocracoke, 34.

INDEX.

Ode, Patriotic, 7.
“On the Road,” 15.
Oshkosh, 75.

Otis, Gen., 50, 122.
“Our Mine,” 225.

Palace Stables, 91.
Palmer, Gen., 244.
Pamunkey, 202.
Parke, Gen., 50.
Parker, Capt., 249.
Parkinson, E. T., Lt., 88.
Pay, sent home, 22, 80.
Pelletier’s Mills, 147.
Pendleton, J. M., 106.
Perryville, 17, 19.
Petersburg, 222.
Phelps, 118.
Phillips, 221.
Pickering, Capt., 201.

se Fort, 7.
Pickett, Col., 206.
Plymouth, N. C., 111, 113.
Pocoson, The, 49.
Point of Rocks, 115.
Pork Point, 52.
Powhatan, Fort, 201.
Prom. to col’d troops, 139.
Putnam, Capt., U. S. A., 20.

Raleigh, Sir. W., 34.
Rantoul Light Guard, 8.
Rawle’s Mills, 110.
Raymond, Col., 230.
Rebel flag, 54.
Record, Chap., 201-47.
Recruiting, 240.
Red House, 88.
Reénlistment, 156-8-61.
Reg’l Association, 250.
Regiments mentioned,
Coast Guard, 5.
Connecticut.
loth Inf., 49, 50-2, 78, 121-2.
11th Inf., 65.
16th Inf., 159, 237.
INDEX. 351

C. S. Army.
4th Cav., 164.
7th Cav., 164.
Illinois.
T2th Inf., 246.
48th Inf., 246.
Towa.
oth Inf., 246,
Maryland.
and Inf., 94.
Massachusetts.
2nd Inf., 7.
and Arty., 218-43-5-9.
3rd Inf., 4, 115.
5th Inf., 197.
8th Inf., 2, 3, 8, 158, 220.
11th Inf., 217.
13th Inf., 108.
13th Co. Unatt., 201.
15th Inf., 158.
17th Inf., 84-9, 106-10-18-24.
1oth Inf., 2.
2ist Inf., 46-9, 51-6.
22nd Inf., 2.
24th Inf., 38-9, 49, 52-8.
25th Inf., 45-7-9, 51-7-8, 76-9,
84-9, 159-74-5-8-83-92, 206-
7.
27th Inf., 49, 64, 77, 89, 118-74—
5-9, 183-6-92, 206—7-8-13~
44-9.
4oth Inf., 180.
43rd Inf., 119.
45th Inf., 97, 105, 119-21.
gist Inf., 119.
New Hampshire.
6th Inf., 84.
1oth Inf., 161.
13th Inf., 160-1.
New Jersey.
oth Inf., 33, 50, 120-4-38-41-
5-6-7-57, 161-74-8-82-3-4-
5-6-92~-3, 206-7-11, 213-19.
New York.
grd Art., 85, 120~2~-46-61.

3rd Cav., 124-46-50.

oth Inf., 50, 1or-15.

13th Art., ‘A,’ ‘B,’ ‘C,’ and ‘D,’

161.

2oth Cav., 161.

51st Inf., 50-1, 66.

53rd Inf., 50.

81st Inf., 135-47.

89th Inf., 207.

96th Inf., 122.

132nd, 45.
North Carolina.

2nd Inf., 56.
Pennsylvania.

Ist Art., 161.

5th Cav., 161.

5ist Inf., 77.

55th Inf., 206-7.
Rhode Island.

4th Inf., 52-161.

sth, 161.

Belgers Batty, 77-144-8,
South Carolina.

11th Inf., 178.

2ist Inf., 178.

23rd Inf., 122.

25th Inf., 178.
U.S. Army.

Battery, 4, 161-178.

Battery, 5, 161.

2nd Cav. Col’d, 162.
Wisconsin.

4th Batty., 161.
Reno, Gen., 49-51.
Roanoke Island, 43, 112.

Battle, 47.
Cemetery, 58.

Roberts, Dr., 142.
Ruger, Gen., 243.
Russell, Capt., 108.

Sabbath Services, 26, 157.
Salem Common, 14.
Sawyer, W. C., 9, 52, 74.
Scott, W. Gen., 15.
School for freedmen, 96.
352

Schouler, Adj. Gen., 9, 71, 235-

Scuppernong, 259.
Shallow-bag bay, 52.
Shaw, Col., 57.
Shearer, Capt., 207.
Shelter tents, 153.
Sleighing, 157.
Slocum’s Creek, 61.
Signalling, 237.
Smith, Gen., 192, 220.
E., 29.
Ejlza, 144.
Landel T., 59.
Jesse, 70.
Smithfield, 163.
Snelling, Med. ‘Dir.,’ 113.
Snow storm, 163.
Sprague, Lt. Col., 245.
Stall, Ansel, 26.
Stannard, Gen., 206-11.
Steadman, Col., 207-13.
Steamer Fawn, 230.
Stevenson, Col., 39.
Stewart, Lt. Col., 182.
Stone, S. E. Dr., 98.
Stratham, 147.
Street’s Ferry, 148.
Suffolk, 162.
Suicide, 80.
Suple’s Hill, 47.
Sutton, Gen., 142.
Sivan Quarter, 150.
Swift Creek, 100-77.

Tarboro March, IIo.
Target medal, 156.
Tent life, 25.
Tebbetts, A. R., 57.
Terry, Serg., 44.
Thayer, Rev. J. H., 6.
Theatre, 161.

‘Tooth picks,” 54.
Tryon, 91.

Turner, Gen., 216.
Twenty third Ass’n., 250.

INDEX.

Union Drill Club, 4.
Upham, Col., 244.
Mrs. C. W., 6.
Dr. J. B., 78.
Utpadel, 4o.

Vaccination, 161.
Valentine, H. E., 22.

Walker, Maj., 206.
Walthall Junction, 179.
Ward, 58.
Washington, N. C., 141.
Water-famine, 36.
Waters, E. S., 64.
‘*Wearing the Blue,” 51.
Weitzel, Gen., 194.
Weller, Surg., 33.
Wessels, Gen., 118-20.
West, Dr., 65.
Wheeler, R. P., 199.
Whipple, G. M., 96.
Whitehall, 124.
Whitney, M. W., 105.
Whittier, John C., 217.
Surgeon, 217.
Wilcox, Cap., 212.
Wilcox Bridge, 144.
Wildes, Rev. G. D., 5, 15, 73.
Williamston, r10.
Willis, 144.
Wilson, Cos. Gen., 2, 9, 10.
Winter Island, 2, 7.
Winton, 148.
Wise, O. Jennings, 52.
Gov., 60.
Witherby, E. T., 178.
Wood, Melville, 86.
Wren’s Mills, 165.
Wyatt, Andrew, 87.
Yaphank, 45.
Yellow Fever, 235.
Yorktown, 171.
Young Men’s Union, 6.
Zimmerman, 85.
Zouave, g-boat, 35.
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