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CHARITIES PUBLICATION COMMITTEE PUBLISHERS FOR THE RUSSELL SAGE FOUNDATION 105 EAST 22d STREET, NEW YORKRUSSELL SAG E FOUNDATION HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Edited By ROBERT A. WOODS AND ALBERT J. KENNEDY NEW YORK CHARITIES PUBLICATION COMMITTEE .... MCMXICopyright, 1911, by The Russell Sage Foundation PRESS OF WM. F. FELL GO., PHILADELPHIAPREFACE HE preparation of this Handbook was undertaken at the joint invitation of settlement workers and the Russell Sage Founda- tion. It presents an outline of the material facts about every settlement in the United States, including non-residential neighborhood centers. In preparing the statements about the different houses, every available publication issued by them has been carefully read; the large majority of the houses have been visited and their development and program thoroughly discussed with their leading representatives; and, in many instances, the opinions of persons engaged m other forms of social work, of neighbors to settlements, and of generally observant citizens, have been secured. The Handbook is designed to continue the service rendered by the Bibliography of Settlements which was published in a succession of editions up to 1905 by the College Settlements Association. The typical settlement, under American conditions, is one which provides neutral territory traversing all the lines of racial and religious cleavage. The house which is wholly unsectarian not only from the point of view of its staflF, but as judged by the various elements in its neighborhood, represents the main action of the kind of social enter- prise here set forth. Nevertheless, it is clear that there is a considerable number of houses having a high degree of the settlement spirit while including some of the functions distinctive of a particular smaller or larger division of the church. Where such specific religious effort is conducted without willing or conscious invasion of other religious loyalties, it has not been construed as carrying the house in question beyond the distinctive limits of the settlement field. The nature of the religious affiliation of such houses is in all cases clearly indicated; and for the larger cities they are placed in a list by themselves. In a separate section at the end of the Handbook is a list of settle- ments which have passed out of existence, with brief summaries of the facts concerning them. It has not been thought desirable, without up-to-date and first- hand information, to attempt any statement of the work of foreign settlements. An address list of English settlements is provided, how- vvi PREFACE ever, and a few references are given to available sources of information about social work in the principal European countries. The vitality of the settlement principle will be suggested at every point by comparison of the returns here given with those presented in the different editions of the Bibliography of Settlements. The growth in numbers is impressive.' There were 74 American settlements listed in 1897; 103 in 1900; 204 in 1905. In this Handbook the number is 413. For the first time in any publication, the growing tendency toward joint action among settlements is expressed in the statements about settlement federations and other forms of organization that include different settlements under certain common policies for the sake of greater economy, higher standards, and broader achievement. It is an interesting fact, also, that the appearance of this Handbook coincides in time with the creation in large outline of a common program on the part of the settlements of the entire country. In the outline of the facts with regard to each house, a character- ization of the local community serves as a background against which the specific plan of work is projected. In addition to the opportunity for effective comparison of methods thus afforded by the Handbook itself, it is hoped that a greater degree of direct inter-communication may result between settlements similarly circumstanced. A distinction is made in all cases between organized interests which in the main are concentrated within settlement walls and those activities which with positive purpose permeate the life of the neigh- borhood and elicit its co-operation toward better things. The growing influence of the settlements in the promotion of action toward social betterment by municipality and state, is made clear throughout. There is given as part of the account of each house a fairly complete list of publications by residents and other members of the staff. The object here is not so much to supply references to the general reader as to exhibit the range and grade of research, analysis, and literary ex- pression which have emanated from the settlements. For purposes of general reference a brief list of reasonably accessible books and articles is provided. The editors have had the special assistance of Miss Alice E. Robbins, formerly head resident of Lawrence House, Baltimore. The Handbook is preliminary to a volume presenting the results of a comprehensive study of the history and present tendencies of settlement work in the United States. South End House, Boston May 1, 1911TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGB Historical Antecedents in England and America.................. ix General Bibliography........................................... xi National Conferences of Settlements............................ i College Settlements Association................................... 2 Woman's Home Mission Society (M. E. Church South).............. 4 Settlements Arranged by States: Alabama..................................................... 6 California.................................................. 9 Colorado................................................... 25 Connecticut............................................... 27 Delaware................................................... 29 District of Columbia....................................... 30 Georgia.................................................... 35 Illinois................................................... 37 Indiana.................................................... 82 Iowa....................................................... 84 Kentucky................................................... 87 Louisiana.................................................. 91 Maine...................................................... 93 Maryland.................................................. 95 Massachusetts............................................. 105 Michigan...................................................142 Minnesota................................................. 146 Mississippi............................................... 150 Missouri................................................. 151 Nebraska.................................................. 159 New Hampshire............................................. 160 New Jersey................................................ 161 New York.................................................. 170 North Carolina............................................ 249 Ohio.................................................... 251 Oregon.................................................... 261 Pennsylvania.............................................. 262 Rhode Island.............................................. 287 South Carolina............................................ 289 Tennessee................................................. 290 viiviii TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE Texas........................................................... 294 Virginia........................................................ 298 Wisconsin....................................................... 300 Hawaiian Islands................................................ 303 In Other Countries.............................................. 305 Discontinued Settlements 310HISTORICAL ANTECEDENTS IN ENGLAND AND AMERICA 1854 Establishment of the Working Men’s College in London by Frederick Denison Maurice and a group of Cambridge graduates. Beginnings of joint effort for the improvement of social conditions between a group of men associated with the universities and the Church of England (led by Charles Kingsley) and workingmen prominent in the trade unions and co-operative societies. 1867 First steps toward the systematic promotion of University Extension lectures from Cambridge. 1867-8 Edward Denison, an Oxford man, lived in lodgings in Stepney, East London, from August, 1867, to March, 1868, and worked with John Richard Green, vicar of the parish. A plan for having a group of men join Denison was proposed at a meeting held at the house of John Ruskin. 1873 Rev. Samuel A. Barnett (now Canon of Westminister) and Mrs. Barnett began their work at St. Jude’s, Whitechapel, making frequent visits to the universities to tell of the conditions and needs in East London. 1875 Arnold Toynbee, an Oxford tutor, lodged in Whitechapel during the summer and worked under the direction of Mr. Barnett; and there- after frequently addressed workingmen on economic and ethical topics. 1883 Mr. Barnett proposed to a group of young men at Oxford that a house be established in East London somewhat similar to the already existing college missions, at which men should reside for the sake of distinc- tively providing responsible social and civic leadership. 1884 Opening of Toynbee Hall, Whitechapel, with Mr. Barnett as warden, which position he filled for twenty-five years. 188$ The Oxford House in Bethnal Green established shortly after; one of whose heads for a long period was the Rev. A. F. Winnington Ingram, now Bishop of London. 1887 The Women’s University Settlement opened by representatives from the Women’s Colleges at Oxford and Cambridge. 1886 The Neighborhood Guild (later the University Settlement) established in the Lower East Side, New York, by Stanton Coit, after a brief stay at Toynbee Hall. ixX HISTORICAL ANTECEDENTS IN ENGLAND AND AMERICA 1888-9 Dr. Jane E. Robbins and Jean Fine lived in a tenement opposite the Neighborhood Guild from November, 1888, to April, 1889, where they carried on girls’ clubs. 1889 Hull-House opened in Chicago on September 18, by Jane Addams (after studying the work at Toynbee Hall) and Ellen G. Starr. The College Settlement established in October, as a result of the efforts of Vida D. Scudder (who had studied at the University of Cam- bridge in 1885-1886) and several other graduates of Smith College. 1891 The Andover House (later South End House) established in Boston in December, by Professor William J. Tucker of Andover Theological Seminary (afterwards president of Dartmouth College), with Robert A. Woods as head of the house. Mr. Woods at the same time published the results of the previous year’s study of social work in England, six months having been spent in residence at Toynbee Hall.GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY ENGLAND Leighton, Sir Baldwyn, Bart, (editor): Letters and other Writings of the late Edward Denison. London, R. Bentley and Son, 1872. Montagne, F. C.: Arnold Toynbee. Johns Hopkins University Studies in Historical and Political Science. Baltimore, January, 1889. Milner, Sir Alfred, Bart.: Arnold Toynbee: A reminiscence. London, E. Arnold, 1901. Barnett, Samuel and Henrietta: Practicable Socialism: Essays on Social Reform. London, Longmans, Green and Co., 1895. Barnett, Canon and Mrs. S. A.: Towards Social Reform. New York, The Macmillan Co., 1909. Knapp, JohnM. (editor): The Universities and the Social Problem; An account of the University Settlements in East London. London, Rivington, Percival and Co., 1895. Reason, Will (editor): University and Social Settlements. London, Methuen and Co., 1898. Ashley, Percy: University Settlements in Great Britain. Harvard Theological Review, iv : 175-203 (April, 1911). AMERICA Woods, Robert A.: English Social Movements. New York, Charles Scribner’s Sons; London, Swan Sonneschein and Co., 1891. Coit, Stanton: Neighborhood Guilds: An instrument of social reform. London, Swan Sonnenschein and Co., 1891. Addams, Jane: The Subjective Necessity for Social Settlements. Forum, October, 1892. (Reprinted in Philanthropy and Social Progress, pp. 1-26. New York, Thomas Y. Crowell and Co., 1893.) The Objective Value of Social Settlements. In Philanthropy and Social Progress. PP- 27-56. Woods, Robert A.: The University Settlement Idea. Andover Review, October, 1892. Reprinted in Philanthropy and Social Progress. Addams, Jane: A New Impulse to an Old Gospel. Forum, November, 1893, pp. 345-358. Woods, Robert A.: University Settlements as Laboratories in Social Science. Pro- ceedings International Congress of Charities, Correction, and Philanthropy, 1893. Addams, Jane (editor): Hull-House Maps and Papers. A presentation of nationalities and wages in a congested district of Chicago, together with comments and essays on problems growing out of the social conditions. New York, Thomas Y. Crowell and Co., 1895. Contents: Prefatory Note by Jane Addams; Map Notes and Comments, by xixii BIBLIOGRAPHY Agnes Sinclair Holbrook; The Sweating-System, by Florence Kelley; Wage-Earning Children, by Florence Kelley and Alzina P. Stevens; Receipts and Expenditures of Cloakmakers in Chicago, by Isabel Eaton; The Chicago Ghetto, by Charles Zueblin; The Bohemian People in Chicago, by Josefa Humpal Zeman; Remarks upon the Italian Colony in Chicago, by Allessandro Mastro-Valerio; The Cook County Charities, by Julia C. Lathrop; Art and Labor, by Ellen Gates Starr; The Settlement as a Factor in the Labor Movement, by Jane Addams; Appendix. Hull- House: A Social Settlement. Proceedings, National Conference of Charities and Correction. 1896. Boston, George H. Ellis, 1896. See Sec. Ill, Social Settlements and the Labor Question. Titles: What the Settlement Work Stands For, by Julia C. Lathrop; English and Scotch Settlements, by Dr. W. Caldwell; The Settlement and Educa- tion, by Jacob J. Abt; The Settlement and Organized Charity, by Mary E. McDowell; Social Settlements, by C. S. Loch; Civic Efforts of Social Settlements, by Katherine Bement Davis; The Settlement and Municipal Reform, by James B. Reynolds; The Social Settlement and the Labor Movement, by Graham Taylor; Religion in the Settlement, by Dean George Hodges; Benevolent Features of Trades-unions, by John D. Flanigan; The Working Child, by Florence Kelley; Report of Social Settlement Committee; Tabulation of Settlement Reports. Woods, Robert A. (editor): The City Wilderness: A Settlement Study. South End, Boston. Boston, Houghton, Mifflin Co., 1898. Contents: Introductory, by William I. Cole; Historical, by Fred E. Haynes, Ph.D.; Population, by Frederick A. Bushee; Public Health, by Charles D. Underhill, M. D.; Work and Wages, by Robert A. Woods; The Roots of Political Power; Criminal Tendencies, by William I. Cole; Amusements, by Fred E. Haynes, Ph. D.; The Church and the People, by William I. Cole; Strongholds of Education; Social Recovery, by Robert A. Woods; The Total Drift, by Robert A. Woods. Henderson, Charles R.: Social Settlements. New York, Lentilhon and Co., 1899. Addams, Jane: A Function of the Social Settlement. Annals Amer. Acad, of Political and Social Science, XIII : 1-55 (May 16, 1899). Woods, Robert A.: University Settlements; Their Point and Drift. Quart. Jour, of Economics. XIV .’67-86 (Nov., 1899). McGinley, Anna A.: Scope of the Catholic Settlement. Catholic World, 71 : 145-160 (May, 1900). A New Field for the Convent Graduate in the Social Settlement. Catholic World, 71 : 396-401 (June, 1900). Roosevelt, Theodore: Reform through Social Work: Some Forces that tell for Decency in New York. Fortnightly Review, 93 : 747 (Nov., 1901). Addams, Jane: Democracy and Social Ethics. New York, The Macmillan Co., 1902. Woods, Robert A. (editor): Americans in Process: A Settlement Study. North and West Ends, Boston. Boston, Houghton, Mifflin Co., 1902. Contents: Metes and Bounds, by Robert A. Woods; Before the Invasion, Elizabeth Y. Rutan; The Invading Host, by Frederick A. Bushee;BIBLIOGRAPHY xiii City and Slum, by Edward H. Chandler; Livelihood, by Robert A. Woods; Traffic in Citizenship, by Robert A. Woods; Law and Order, by William 1. Cole; Life’s Amenities, by Jessie Fremont Beale and Anne Withington; Two Ancient Faiths, by William I. Cole; The Child of the Stranger, by Caroline S. Atherton and Elizabeth Y. Rutan; Community of Interest, by William I. Cole and Rufus E. Miles; Assimilation: A Two-Edged Sword, by Robert A. Woods. Woods, Robert A.; The Success of the Settlement as a Means of Improving a Neighbor- hood. Charities, IX: 225-229 (Sept. 6, 1902). Kelley, Florence: Some Ethical Gains through Legislation. New York, The Macmillan Co., 1905. Addams, Jane: Newer Ideals of Peace. New York, The Macmillan Co., 1906. Woods, Robert A.: Democracy: A New Unfolding of Human Power. In Studies in Philosophy and Psychology, a Commemorative Volume dedicated to Professor Charles E. Garman of Amherst College. Boston, Houghton, Mifflin Co., 1906, pp. 71-10. Wolfe, Albert B.: The Lodging House Problem in Boston. Harvard Economic Series. Boston, Houghton, Mifflin Co., 1906. Taylor, Graham: Whither the Settlement Movement Tends. Charities and the Commons, XV : 840-844 (March 3, 1906). Kelley, Florence: The Settlements: Their Lost Opportunity. Charities and the Com- mons, XVI : 79-81 (April 7, 1906). Simkhovitch, Mary K.: Settlement Organization. Charities and the Commons, XVI : 566-569 (Sept. 1, 1906). Woods, Robert A.: Settlement Expansion. Charities and the Commons, XVII : 226-229 (Nov. 3, 1906). More, Louise B.: Wage-Earners’ Budgets: A study of Standards and Cost of Living in New York City. New York, Henry Holt and Co., 1907. Cole, William I.: Motives and Results of the Social Settlement Movement. Notes on an exhibit installed in the Social Museum of Harvard University. Publica- tions of the Department of Social Ethics in Harvard University, No. 2, 1908. Addams, Jane: The Spirit of Youth and the City Streets. New York, The Macmil- lan Co., 1909. Laughlin, J. Lawrence: Latter Day Problems. New York, Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1909, Chap. IV. Addams, Jane: Twenty Years at Hull-House. With autobiographical notes. New York, The Macmillan Co., 1910. Elliott, John L.: The Hudson Guild (A Cumulative Report). New York. Published by the Hudson Guild, 1910. White, Gaylord S.: The Social Settlement after Twenty-five Years. Harvard Theological Review, IV : 47-70 (Jan., 1911).“Center” indicates an agency for neighborhood improve- ment carried on without residents. When agencies are evidently non-residential, as, for instance, industrial schools or general educational institutes, they are not specially designated. Wherever a house carries on phases of religious activity, its denominational affiliation or its undenominational character is indicated. It is to be remembered, however, that direct support from churches does not in all cases mean a program of religious effort. The date following each street address gives the year in which the property came into use for settlement purposes. Branches conducted by a settlement are designated in small capitals. A settlement which has been absorbed into another settle- ment, or has entered into combination with one or more other settlements, is listed in italics under the more inclusive name.HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS NATIONAL CONFERENCES OF SETTLEMENTS A succession of more or less informal national gatherings of settlement workers have been held from time to time since 1892. No continuous or really comprehensive organization was provided for until 1908. In May, 1908, a group of twenty settlement residents from New York, Chicago and Boston met to consult about fuller co-operation among settlements. A study of settlement work, of which this Handbook is a result, was decided upon. It was felt that such an inquiry would disclose a sound basis for broader and more concrete community of interest. During special discussions among the settlement delegates to the National Conference of Charities of that year, a strong feeling developed that such separate meetings should in the future be definitely provided for in connection with the Conference. The next year settlement work filled the program of several regular sessions of the National Conference, but one largely attended special gathering of settlement workers was held. It was there decided to arrange for a series of settlement discussions at the following National Conference, which was to take place at St. Louis with Miss Jane Addams as its president. To these meetings every settlement house and neighborhood center in the country was invited to send representatives. Three sessions were held, and a national committee of ten was appointed to gather and collate the results of settlement experience as to the most needed and most promising directions of service, and to present a year later (1911) at a similar series of meetings in Boston a platform for united action among settlements throughout the country. Settlement Conferences 1. Plymouth, Mass. (July, 1892) 2. Chicago, Ill. (July 19-21, 1893) 3. New York, N. Y. (May 3-5, 1895) 4. Detroit, Mich. (N.C.C. 1896) 5. Toronto, Canada (N.C.C. July 7-14, 1897) 6. Chautauqua, N. Y. (Summer, 1897) 7. Chicago, Ill. (May 15-17, 1899) 8. Chautauqua, N. Y. (July 7-11, 1902) 9. Portland, Maine (N.C.C. 1904) 10. Richmond, Va. (N.C.C. 1908) 11. White Plains, N. Y. (May, 1908) 12. Buffalo, N. Y. (N.C.C. 1909) 13. St. Louis, Mo. (N.C.C. May 18, 1910) I 2HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS COLLEGE SETTLEMENTS ASSOCIATION Organized February, 1890, “for the support and control of college settle- ments for women.” “In the autumn of 1887 f°ur Smith College alumnae chanced to be together. The talk fell on the new economics, the new awakening of practical philanthropy in England, Toynbee Hall and the principles for which it stood. There seemed need for similar work in America.......The friends separated, each pledged to do her utmost toward bringing about this union. In the autumn of 1888 an appeal was sent out from Boston........A house was taken at 95 Rivington Street, New York, and opened in October, 1889, with Jean G. Fine as head worker. In the spring of 1890 the College Settlements Association was organized on its present basis, with chapters in Wellesley, Smith, Vassar, Bryn Mawr, and a non-collegiate element.’’ Fourth Report, 1894. “The association would unite all college women, .... in the trend of a great modern movement; would touch them with a common sympathy, and inspire them with a common ideal. Young students .... should be quickened in their years of vague aspiration and purely speculative energy by possessing a share in a broad practical work.” Second Report, 1891. Incorporated January 5, 1894. Maintained by annual dues and donations. Activities, (i) Settlements.—The association makes annual appropria- tions to the College Settlement of New York; the College Settlement of Phila- delphia; Denison House of Boston, and Locust Point Settlement of Baltimore. (2) Fellowships.—Second Report, 1892. “The establishment of fellowships for women who seek to pursue sociological studies in college settlements would per- haps help our movement more than any other one thing.” Two fellowships of $300 were offered in 1892-3, since which time the association has continued to maintain scholarships and fellowships. Since the Russell Sage Foundation and the schools of philanthropy have undertaken investigations the association has arranged to offer training fellowships which give a stipend of $400, conditioned on residence in one of the college settlements, attendance at the local School of Philanthropy, and practical work under the direction of the head worker. (3) Education of College Women.—The association now has chapters in 14 colleges and sub-chapters in 31 preparatory schools. In 1909 an organizing secretary was employed to assist in establishing new chapters and to aid the existing organiza- tions by getting the chapter in direct touch with the association. Literature. I. Investigations by Fellows. [See Balch, Emily G.: The Fellowship of the C. S. A. Commons, vi, No. 63 (Dec., 1901). Settlement Fellowship (C. S. A.). Charities, viii : 550 (June 14, 1902). Settlement Fellowships and Scholarships (C. S. A.). Charities, xii : 542 (May 28, 1904).! Work of Fellows and Fellowship Studies (Published and unpublished). 1893-4.— Eaton, Isabel (Smith): Receipts and Expenses of Wage-Earners in the Garment Trades. Quar. Pub. of Amer. Stat. Soc., June, 1895 — Shapleigh, Amelia (Cornell, '92): A Study of Dietaries. Apply to secretary of association — Woolfolk, Ada S. (Wellesley): The Obstacles to Sanitary Living Among the Poor — Woods, Katharine Pearson: DiseasesCOLLEGE SETTLEMENTS ASSOCIATION 3 and Accidents Incident to Occupations. 1894-5.—Sandford, Mabel Warren (Smith, *93): Domestic Service from the Point of View of the Intelligence Office. 1896-7.— Eaton, Isabel (Smith): Problems Connected with the Colored Race. See Publications of the University of Pennsylvania (series in Pol. Econ. and Pub. Law), No. 14, 1899, p. 427-520. 1901-2.—Sayles, Mary B. (Smith, 1900): Housing Conditions in Jersey City. See Supplement to the Ann. Amer. Acad, of Pol. and Soc. Sci., Jan., 1901. 1902-3.—Chase, Lydia G. (Brown, 1900): Physical Defects of New York School Chil- dren. 1903-4.—Kellor, Frances A. (Cornell, *97): Employment Bureaus for Women (Continued 1904-5). 1905-6.—As a result of her study of employment bureaus Miss Kellor organized the work of the Inter-Municipal Committee on Household Research. Smith, Mary Gove (Smith): Immigrant Homes — More, Clara Stanton (Wellesley, ’04): Recreation in New York and Chicago. 1906-7.—Van Kleeck, Mary A. (Smith, ’04): Investigation into the Hours of Working Women — Adams, Jessie B. (Barnard, ’04): Occupations of Girls Who Drop Out of School in the Grammar Grades. See The Working Girl from the Elementary School in New York. Cbar. and Commons, xix : 1617-23 (Feb. 22, 1908) — Keay, Frances Anne (Bryn Mawr, ’99): Conditions of Seamen in Port. See Oyster Boats on the Chesapeake. Charities, xvii : 630-633 (Jan. 5, 1907). Sailor in Port, Philadelphia. Charities, xvii : 712-716 (Jan. 19, 1907). The Wages of Seamen. Charities, xvii : 845-848 (Feb. 2, 1907). 1906-8.—Browne, Margaret W. (Bryn Mawr, 1896-98): Investigation into the Illegal Employment of School Children. 1907-8.—Investigations under the supervision of Miss Van Kleeck (C. S. A. and Smith Alumnae Association Fellow for 1905-7) of the Alliance Employment Bureau, for the purpose of studying factory conditions and trade opportunities for women and girls in New York City — Norris, Mabel (Smith, ’07): Working Girls’ Clubs. See Working Hours of Women in Factories. Char, and Commons, xvii : 13-21 (Oct. 6, 1906). Child Labor in New York City Tenements. Char, and Commons, xix : 1405-1420 (Jan. 18, 1908) — Odencrantz, Louise (Barnard, ’07): Irregularities in the Employment of Women. See Irregularity of Employment of Women Factory Workers. Survey, xxii : 196-210 (May 1, 1909) — Hutcheson, Louise (Wellesley,’97): The Health of Working Women — Gruner, Caroline (University of Missouri, ’07): Night Work of Women. II. Bibliographies. Jones, M. Katharine (Compiler): Bibliography of College, Social and University Settlements. First edition, 1893. Second edition, 1895 — Gavit, John Palmer (Compiler): Bibliography of College, Social and University Settlements. Third edition, 1897 — Montgomery, Caroline Williamson: Bibliography of College, Social, University and Church Settlements. Fourth edition, 1900. Fifth edition, 1905. III. Syllabi. These syllabi consist of short, carefully selected reading lists, accompanied by topics, suitable for the use of college chapters of the Association, women’s clubs and other similar organizations. Balch, Emily Greene (Associate Professor of Economics at Wellesley College): A Study of Conditions of City Life. References grouped under the following heads: The Citizens; Housing; Health; Education; Recreation; Art in City Life; Municipal Functions. Twelve-page bibliography. 1904. Price, 15 cents — Biographies of Social Leaders. Six-page leaflet syllabus. 1904. Price, 5 cents — Modern Philanthropy. Four-page leaflet syllabus. 1904. Price, 5 cents — The Morals of Spending. Four-page leaflet syllabus. 1904. Price, 5 cents. (In all cases a reduction will be made on large orders. The group of three shorter syllabi sells for 10 cents. Appli- cation for the above publications should be made to Lilian Egleston, 707 N. Broad St., Elizabeth, N. J.) On above syllabi: Scudder, Vida D.: A Small Venture in Education. Commons, ix : 376 (1904). IV. General References. Annual Reports of the Association and Settlements.4 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS 1890 ff. — Report on the Questions Drawn Up by Present Residents in Our Settlements. Reprinted, by the courtesy of the Church Social Union, from the September (1894) number of their publication — Dudley, Helena S.: Relief Work carried on in the Wells Memorial Institute under the management of Denison House, Boston. Ann. Amer. Acad, of Pol. and Soc. Set., 1894 — Articles by Scudder, Vida, D.: Settlements Past and Future. Williams, Elizabeth S.: The Settlement in Recreation. Davies, Anna Freeman: The Set- tlement in Education. Dudley, Helena S.: The Scope of the Settlement. In Report for 1900 — Residents in College Settlements. Report (1901) — Scribner, Helen A.: Resi- dents of College Settlements. Condensed Report. Commons, vii, No. 69 (Apr., 1902) — Coman, Katharine: The Rise of theC. S. A. Commons, vi, No. 63 (Dec., 1901) — Shultz, Emily Budd: A Successful Scheme of Work for a C. S. A. Chapter. Commons, vii, No. 73 (Aug., 1902) — Housing Conditions in Jersey City, Report for 1902 — Foote, Susan E.: The Relation of College to Social Service. Commons, vii, No. 74 (Sept., 1902) — In Three Cities. Charities, x : 272 (Mar. 14, 1903) — The Fall Meeting of the C. S. A. Commons, vii, No. 77 (Dec., 1902) — Jones, Myrta L. (Editor): College Settlements Association. Commons, ix : 28, 60, 62, 78, 146, 190, 274, 326, 376, 432, $00, 564, 620 (1904) — Annual Meeting of the C. S. A. (May 2, 1903). Commons, viii, No. 83 (June, 1903) — Coman, Katharine: The Settlement Fellowship. Report, 1903 — The Fall Meeting of the C. S. A. Commons, viii, No. 89 (Dec., 1903) — Jones, Myrta L.: Report of the C. S. A. Annual Meeting, May 7, 1904. Commons, ix: 326-327 (July, 1904) — Jones, Myrta L.: Report of Fall Meeting and Settlement Scholarships. Commons, ix: 620-626 (Dec., 1904) — Scudder, Vida D.: Educational Interests of the C. S. A. Report (1904). Officers, 1909-1910. President: Mrs. Lucius H. Thayer (Smith, ’84), Ports- mouth, New Hampshire. Vice-President: Eleanor H. Johnson (Smith, ’94), 37 Madison Sq., New York City. Secretary: Lilian Egleston (Barnard, *04), 707 N. Broad St., Elizabeth, N. J. Treasurer: Mrs. Josiah T. Tubby, Jr. (Bryn Mawr, ’97), Westfield, N. J. Fifth Member of Standing Committee: Emily Budd Shultz (Wellesley, *94), 30 North Mountain Ave., Montclair, N. J. WOMAN’S HOME MISSION SOCIETY of the Methodist Episcopal Church South Nashville, Tenn., 810 Broadway Organized. The society began to carry on neighborhood work in 1901. “With the coming of the great social unrest born of modern industrial condi- tions and the influx of a new and foreign element into our society a recon- struction of the ministering force of the church has become imperative. Help must be rendered not only for temporal relief, as in the giving of alms, not alone in the declaration of fundamental truths from the pulpit, but by personal service and human fellowship.” Report, 1910. "We have made an effort at each place to call the settlements ‘Wesley House’ in order to emphasize the fact that they are connected with our church, and also to dissipate the thought that a settlement had of necessity to omit all religious teachings. In larger centers where the population is largely foreign no doubt this would be difficult, but up to the present in the South we have not drifted so far from the churches as to have an opposing element controlwoman’s home mission society 5 public sentiment to such an extent as to make the religious features objection- able.” Maintained by the Woman’s Home Mission Society. Activities. Settlements.—“The Woman’s Board of Home Missions is connected with these social centers by preparing and appointing the head resi- dents and department superintendents, by selection of centers and locations of buildings, and by an appropriation of io per cent on amount expended by the local city boards on current expenses. The local city boards are composed of six or more delegated members from the Home Mission auxiliaries, and these raise the funds for their maintenance of the work (less the io per cent appropriated by the Woman’s Board) in their respective churches. Quarterly reports from the local boards and the trained workers are made to the general office in Nashville. The appointed workers have all had special preparation in one of our Methodist training schools. This training includes study of sociology, pedagogy, Bible, church history and practical field work under superintendence of experienced teachers.” Literature. Annual Reports of the Woman’s Home Mission Society — Copies of Our Homes published at 810 Broadway, Nashville, Tenn. — Booklets: City Mission Manual. The Deaconess and Her Work — Leaflets: The Call of the City. Redemption of the-City. General Secretary. Mrs. R. W. MacDonell.ALABAMA BIRMINGHAM All Saints Mission (Episcopal) 617 South 29th Street Founded 1909, by St. Mary’s Church (Episcopal) and maintained by the church. Maintains kindergarten; Sunday school; boys’and young men’s club; girls’club; men’s club. Superintendent. Dr. Carl Henckell. Wesley House (Methodist) 806 Second Avenue, N. Established October 1, 1908, by the Board of City Missions "for social and religious work.” Maintained by the Methodist churches of the city. Neighborhood. The problems of the quarter grow out of ignorance of sanitation and carelessness. The people are American, largely employed on the street car system. Maintains library; sewing school; domestic science class; homemakers’ club; boys’ club; religious work in a nearby church. Residents. Women 2. Volunteers. Women 9. Head Resident. Hettie K. Phillips, October 1, 1908-. CALHOUN, LOWNDES COUNTY Calhoun Colored School and Settlement Established 1892, by Mabel W. Dillingham and Charlotte R. Thorn. "Calhoun is increasingly committed to the policy of supplementing the work of the great schools by the taking of counties as definite fields for settlement and school endeavor and by developing many efficient small centers of better things in each county. So, of course, in its own county, it desires to see teachers and preachers identifying themselves with communities, taking root, buying land and making homes and farms as object lessons, and aiming distinctly to build up local loyalty and pride and sense of responsibility. . . . Calhoun seeks not jealous or narrow competition of neighborhoods, but along with the organic union of farms and homes and churches and schools of each community, the equally real union of communities for the common good of the county.” Maintained by donations and small endowment fund. 6ALABAMA 7 Activities. “Our graded school makes a natural center for community life. Calhoun is in the midst of 30,000 plantation Negroes. 11 lives in touch with all the life of its township and county, and limits its aim to this social group. We have farmers’ conferences, mothers’ meetings, Sunday and mission services, cabin, school, church and plantation visiting, medical mission work by school physician, agricultural fairs, teachers’ institutes, celebration of national holidays and Christian festivals, thrift and land buying meetings, sociological study of the county, etc. To change the crop-mortgage renter into a small farmer, with land and home of his own, is our aim.”—Pamphlet, 1904. Residents. Women 20, men 3. Head Resident. Charlotte R. Thorn, 1892-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Pamphlets — Annual reports by the principals, published by George H. Ellis, Boston, Mass. See also: Settlement Idea in the Cotton Belt. Outlook, lxx : 92 (Apr. 12, 1902) — Dillingham, Pitt: The Black Belt Settlement Work. Southern Workman (Hampton, Va.), July and August, 1902. CRICHTON Dumas Institutional Church (Methodist) Established April, 1910, by the Woman’s Home Mission Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, “to elevate the community physically, mentally and morally.” Maintained by the auxiliaries of the Woman’s Home Mission Society of the Methodist churches of Mobile, and the Epworth Leagues of Mobile. Neighborhood. A mill district just outside Mobile. The population is American. Maintains Sunday school; night school; mothers’ club; girls’ club; library; house-to-house visiting; religious services. Head Worker. Dora Hoover, 1910-. HUNTSVILLE Virginia Hall Settlement (Presbyterian) Established in 1904, by Virginia McCormick, as the outgrowth of religious and educational work begun in West Huntsville in 1902 by the First Presbyterian Church. Aims “to be a center for the best interests of the com- munity educationally, socially and spiritually, and to provide for the educational and Christian training of the boys and girls and young people who work in the cotton mills.” Neighborhood. The people work in the cotton mills and live in cottages rented by the mill companies. They are American families from the mountains and surrounding valleys. Maintains kindergarten; library and reading room; district nursing by two resi- dent nurses; religious services; classes in arithmetic, penmanship, sewing, embroidery, cooking; social evenings, lectures, etc.; mothers’ meetings. Residents. Women 5. Head Resident. Jessie M. House, 1904-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Bulletin of Bryson Memorial Chapel and Virginia Hall.8 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS MOBILE Mobile Wesley House (Methodist) 351 South Conception Street (1905-) Established July, 1904, by the Woman’s Home Mission Board of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, “to help people to help themselves.” Maintained by the Woman’s Home Mission Board. Neighborhood. That quarter of the city known as South Mobile. The people are largely American, lifelong inhabitants of Mobile. About one-third of the community is Negro; and there is a sprinkling of Italians, Greeks, Filipinos, French and Spanish. There is no compulsory education law. Maintains kindergarten; reading room; night school; clinics; employment work; juvenile detention work; classes in sewing; clubs for women, girls and children. There are occasional entertainments and socials. Religious work consists of Sunday school, devotional half hour in the mothers’ club, Bible lesson in the sewing school, and a midweek song and prayer service. Summer Work.—Reading room, outings and entertainments. Former Location. Cor. N. Carolina and Cedar Sts., July, 1904-October, 1905. Residents. Women 3. Volunteers. Women 23, men 8. Head Residents. Mary Peary, March 1904-Jan., 1906; Ella Gorrow, March, 1906-May, 1908; (Mrs.) Alameda Hewitt, May, 1908-May, 1909; Mary Ogilvie, 1909-. Literature. Annual Reports of the Woman’s Home Mission Society. See also: Our Homes, xvii, No. 10 (Oct., 1908). TUSKEGEE The Elizabeth Russell Settlement Founded 1897, by Mrs. Booker T. Washington, “to better family con- ditions of the colored people on the plantation in the matter of cleanliness, educa- tion, uprightness—to teach them how to live.’’ Maintained “by personal effort, occasional donations from Northern friends, food supply from the acres of new land, and scant donations from residents.’’ Neighborhood. Colored people, under rural conditions. Maintains day school for children; classes in sewing, cooking, agriculture; Sunday school. Twenty boys run a farm of ten acres. The head resident has a good garden, the children fair ones. Plants, flowers and seeds are distributed in the homes. The commu- nity meetings offer opportunity for neighborhood self-expression. Residents. Women 4, men 6. Director. Mrs. Booker T. Washington. Literature. Authorized Statements. Wooly, Isma: Article in Atlanta Con- stitution, Dec. 30, 1900 — Thrasher, Max Bennett: Women and Their Work. N. Y. Evening Post, Aug. 22, 1900.CALIFORNIA KENTFIELD, MARIN COUNTY Tamalpais Center Established May, 1909, by board of twenty-one trustees on the founda- tion of a gift by Mrs. A. E. Kent and her son, William Kent, for the 0 application of the best civic and social ideals to the normal life of suburban and country communities.” Neighborhood. Kentfield is one of several small communities hardly large enough to be called “villages.” As is usual, these communities offer very little in the way of education or recreation and it is this that Tamalpais Center hopes to supply. Activities. The equipment consists of twenty-nine acres of level land, a beautiful club house, with spacious rooms and cozy fireplaces, a well equipped children’s playground, half mile speedway for horses, baseball field, running tracks, tennis courts, etc. A gymnasium and an outdoor swimming pool are to be erected in the near future. The grounds are centrally located in respect to the towns of southern Marin, while the wooded hills surrounding the center, with Mount Tamalpais towering above everything, give a charm to the under- taking which can hardly be duplicated in California. Maintains for adults a Stadium association; women’s club; driving association; literary club (men and women); friendly circle (working men and women); civil govern- ment class (working men); class for study of religions; school teachers’ playground class; woman’s gymnasium class; classes in drawing, dancing. Work for young people consists of youths’athletic society; two baseball clubs; five gymnasium classes for little children; sewing class; story hour; Sunday school; and Knights of King Arthur. Workers. Rev. Ernest Bradley, Dean. Literature. Authorized Statements. Tbe Bulletin. See also: Tamalpais Center for Community Life. Survey, xxii : 569 (July 24, 1909) — The Tamalpais Center. Unity (Chicago), Nov. 11, 1909, 581 ff., and Nov. 18, 1909, 598 ff. LOS ANGELES Bethlehem Institute (Congregational) Mother House, 510 Vignes Street (1892-). Branches, 618 New High Street and 1201 North Main Street (Playground) Established 1892, by Rev. Francis M. Price, who reorganized the Bethlehem Congregational Mission into the Bethlehem Institutional Church, and erected buildings for the enlarged work. The church maintains branches in other neighborhoods. Supported by contributions. Neighborhood. “Thirteen years ago . . . the population around the Mother House was almost entirely American. The classes, clubs and schools were filled to over- 9IO HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS flowing with English-speaking children and young people. But the original dwellers in the Eighth Ward have nearly all moved to pleasanter parts of the town and foreigners have taken their places. The various nationalities in these neighborhoods are Russian, Japanese, Mexican, Armenian, Slavonian, Syrian, Italian and Hebrew.” Activities. “The worker interested in the improvement of social con- ditions soon finds that the entire city must become his neighborhood. The rami- fication of the forces which make for social deterioration carries him to every part of the city. It is not enough to fight bad moral and physical conditions in your immediate locality while the elements that undermine the effectiveness of your activities flourish elsewhere, or are entrenched in the city hall. Effective social service pledges the worker to an intelligent understanding of and hearty co-opera- tion in every movement that seeks to bring about social uplift along rational lines. “ Bethlehem has sought to interpret social conditions sanely and to draw the widest attention to the unfilled needs of the city as illustrated in the neighbor- hoods with which it comes in touch. During the past few years, it has annually gathered the sociology students of the Southern California colleges into a social institute extending through a week, during which time an effort has been made to give a clear idea of the nature and significance of social service and to inspire these young people with a desire to put their lives in where they would count for the most.” Maintains church service; Sunday school; rescue work; educational and re- ligious work for immigrants including school for Greek and Spanish men; Japanese mission and social center; El Club Belen with school of citizenship for Spanish, Italian, Syrian, and Slavonic pupils; relief work; dispensary (now managed by the city); men’s hotel (with coffee bar and rooms for 140 men); employment bureau; plunge baths; clubs for adults; children’s work; playground; carpenter shop; boys’ baths. Many entertain- ments, socials, etc. Summer Work.—Religious work; playground; educational classes for immigrants; vacation for boys’ club which paid its expenses by picking berries; vaca- tion school. Residents. Women 2, men 5. Volunteers. Women 12, men 6. Head Resi- dent. Rev. Dana Bartlett, 1897-. Literature. Pamphlets, 1909 — Bartlett, Dana W.: The Better City. Neuner Co. Press, Los Angeles, Cal. The Better Country. C. M. Clark Pub. Co., Boston. Brownson House (Catholic) Neighborhood House, 711 Jackson Street (1904-). Day Nursery, 135 North Anderson Street Established Spring of 1901, “to conduct settlement work in a crowded section of Los Angeles. . . . Brownson House has been especially devoted to work among children, who are admitted to its privileges regardless of race and creed.” Neighborhood. A poor and crowded quarter of Los Angeles. Russian, Jewish, Greek, Mexican, Italian, Basque and French, as well as American born children, are all represented at the settlement.CALIFORNIA II Maintains Sunday mass and Sunday school; clothing department; library; night classes for young people and adults; gymnasium and baths; clubs for women, girls, boys, and children, with dramatic, industrial and social interests; entertainments and socials. A day nursery has been established independently, and a night school is now carried on under public auspices. Summer Work.—Playground; outdoor gymnasium; excursions. Former Location. Aliso St., 1901-1904. Resident. Matron: Mary J. Work- man. Volunteers. Women 46, men 2. Literature. Year Book, February, 1909 — A Short Sketch of the work of Brown- son House Association (Pamphlet). The College Settlement (Formerly Casa de Castelar) Established February, 1894, by the Los Angeles Branch of the Associa- tion of Collegiate Alumnae, “to establish and maintain resident settlements in Los Angeles; to study and develop the social conditions of the settlement dis- trict; to help the privileged and the unprivileged to a better understanding of their mutual obligations. In all our settlement work we seek to have our rela- tionship one of sharing rather than giving, to encourage all, to awaken in each a sense of his own power and the necessity for developing this power in whatever direction it may lead for the good of the community in which he lives/’ Sup- ported by annual and monthly subscriptions and donations. Neighborhood. “The College Settlement is in that quarter of Los Angeles which was once the pueblo—the original city, El Pueblo de Los Angeles. The people of the settlement district are a varied and uncertain quantity. Spanish-Mexican, Italian, French, Basque, Syrian, Slavonian, at different periods set up their Penates on Buena Vista Street or in Lopez Court. The people are changing from Mexicans to Italians, bachelor Slavon- ians, and lodging house inmates. The business interests are increasing and there is possi- bility that this may become a business district almost exclusively.” Activities. In 1897 a successful appeal was made to the city for the sal- ary of a district nurse, out of which effort has grown the municipal district nurs- ing service, directed by the settlement; and as a result of statistics and reports furnished the city health officer in 1903, the first school nurse was appointed in September, 1904. Several years previous to the establishment of the juvenile court, residents carefully investigated cases of arrest in the neighborhood, and took an active part in securing the juvenile court law. One of the settlement workers has served continuously on the probation committee of the juvenile court since its creation in 1903. In 1897 started the movement for municipal playgrounds. Through the efforts of its representative and the interest of the Los Angeles Civic Federation, the city was induced in 1904 to purchase its first public playground. A playground commission was created upon which two residents are still serving. It has been a natural development, therefore, that the Los Angeles playgrounds are practically municipal settlements. The settlement first brought to notice certain deplorable housing conditions and12 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS through its influence and that of the Municipal League a housing commission was created (Feb., 1906) upon which one of its members has served continuously. Maintains an office and call station for district nurses, the former club building having been recently sold. The workers are active in municipal undertakings. One is secretary of the playground commission; one is the director of visiting nursing; one is on the housing commission; a third is chairman of the probation committee of the juvenile court; and two are probation officers. The settle- ment aided in securing domestic science and manual training in the public schools, and brought about the establishment of public night schools for teaching English to foreigners, having first demonstrated the need by two years and a half of such work in the settlement house. Former Locations. Alpine and Cleveland Sts., Feb., 1894; 629 New High St., 1894; Casa de Castelar, Ord and Castelar Sts., Dec., 1895-1898; 428 Alpine St., 1898-1910. Municipal Workers. Bessie D. Stoddart, secretary playground commission; Evelyn L. Stoddart, chairman probation committee of juvenile court and on visiting nurses* committee; Maud Foster Weston, director visiting nurses; Mary Adair Veeder, member housing commission; Mary H. Bingham, visiting nurses’ committee and pro- bation officer; Louise Barber, probation officer. Literature. Authorized Articles. Casa de Castelar. (Pamphlet.) Los An- geles, B. R. Baumgardt, 1897 — Pamphlets. Los Angeles, E. K. Foster (publisher). See also: A Settlement in Adobe, Los Angeles, Cal. Commons, May, 1897 — Foster, Maud B.: The Settlement and Socialism. Commons, May, 1899 — Coman, Katharine: Casa de Castelar. Commons, vii, No. 78 (Jan., 1903) — Instructive District Nursing Report, 1898-1908, 1909 and 1910 — Housing Commission of City of Los Angeles. Report, 1908, 1909, and 1910 — Playground Commission, City of Los Angeles. Report 1906, 1907, and 1908. Los Angeles Municipal Settlements Violet Street Playground, Violet Street, East of Mateo. Echo Park Playground, Temple Street and Lake Shore Avenue. Recreation Center, St. John and Holly Streets. Slauson Playground, Slauson Avenue and Fortuna Street. Hazard Playground (about to open), Griffin Avenue, east of San Pablo Avenue. Downey Avenue Playground (about to open), Downey Avenue, east of River. Maintains club houses, with social activities by neighborhood groups; lectures, entertainments; dances; socials; branch libraries; stations of Instructive Visiting Nurses. Settlements managed by a man, as director, with a woman assistant. A resi- dence is furnished for the director and his family upon the playground. Volunteers aid the paid staff. Neighborhood House (Episcopal) 1320 Wilson Street. Men’s House, 1428 East 14th Street Established April, 1910. George Hughes (a retired minister of the United Brethren, who was earning his living as a carpenter) started servicesCALIFORNIA B (1896) in this section of Los Angeles, then known as the Neighborhood. The services were held in a kitchen, then in a tent. Later the people built a taber- nacle, which became the center of the religious and social life of the community, and was known as the Church of the Neighborhood. In. 1900 this work was taken over by the Episcopal Church, and in 1904 the Reverend Thomas C. Mar- shall, as city missionary in Los Angeles, took up his residence, and organized the church social settlement. The work lapsed in 1908 and was reorganized in 1910. Maintained by the City Mission. Neighborhood. The population has changed from American to Italian and African. Many of these people own their homes, and own also many of the small shops in the neighborhood. Warehouses and packing houses are encroaching upon the residence part of the district. Maintains kindergarten; library; gymnasium classes; classes in sloyd, sewing, kitchen gardening, and garment making; girls’ friendly society. Out of it has grown the City Mission of Los Angeles, which includes a relief department and clothing bureau; a men’s home; visiting and services in public institutions; and the ground for a convalescent home near the County Hospital—recently acquired. The settlement is one of the depart- ments of the City Mission. Summer Work.—Excursions to the beaches. Residents. Women 2. Head Worker. Deaconess Anna, Mar. 1, 1910-. Literature. Report of the Diocese of Los Angeles, 1910 — The Open Door, published quarterly by the Los Angeles City Mission. Stinson Memorial Industrial School (Jewish) Amelia Street Founded April, 1910, by the Council of Jewish Women “to do neighbor- hood work for children and women.” The work is carried on in a large class room in the Stinson Memorial School, but the Council looks forward to owning its own building and establishing a permanent settlement. While the activities are primarily for Jewish children, others are very welcome. Neighborhood. There are a great many Russian Jews in this quarter; also Ital- ians, Japanese and Molkanes. Maintains classes in sewing and fancy work; recreation. Classes continued all summer, with trolley rides to beach and country. For information address Mary W. Goldman. OAKLAND New Century Club Fifth and Peralta Streets Established October, 1900, as the outgrowth of a free kindergarten organized about 1890 by Elizabeth Betts, and carried on after one year by a group of ladies. The New Century Club (organized 1900) uses its club house as a settlement, meeting monthly for business and a social luncheon. Aims “to establish and maintain schools of domestic science, including cooking and sewing14 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS schools; to promote the establishment and maintenance of boys’ and girls’ clubs; to establish and maintain free libraries and reading rooms; to promote the establishment and maintenance of kindergarten schools, vacation schools, public playgrounds and public parks; to promote in any and all ways the proper care, education and training of the young, to the end that they may become self- sustaining and intelligent, useful members of society.” Incorporated Decem- ber 12, 1900. Neighborhood. Manufacturing and railroad district of small crowded dwellings. There are no parks or playgrounds, and the neighborhood contains thirty-five saloons. The people are Italian, Spanish, Mexican, French, English, Portuguese, Negro, Irish, German, Scandinavian, etc. Much child labor with long hours and hard work tend to bring about distressing moral conditions. Activities. The city is about to purchase a playground adjacent to the club house. As a result of the work of the club, cooking is taught in the public school. Maintains library; kindergarten; sewing school; carpenter shop; gymnasium; clothing bureau; classes in cooking (boys and girls); public school cooking classes, and classes in homemaking, sewing, garment making, etc.; clubs for women, children, and boys; cottage visiting; entertainments and festivals. Residents. “The club has had resident workers at various times living in a cottage directly opposite the club.” For information address Mrs. Elizabeth D. Watt, Presidio Terrace, San Francisco, Cal. Oakland Social Settlement (Formerly The Manse, 1895-8) 709 Linden Street, West Oakland Established February, 1895, by Rev. Frank E. Hinckley and Mary E. B. Norton. The West Oakland Settlement Association was organized nine months later. In 1898-9 the Good Will Kindergarten, the Boys’ Club, the Friendly Hour Mothers’ Club, and the Neighborhood Club joined forces with the settlement. "The aim of the association is to establish a neighborhood house where it can be shown that family life is capable of enlargement until it shall include the entire community.” "To lead whatever of social life its neigh- borhood may afford; to focus and give form to that life; to bring to bear upon it the results of cultivation and training; to exchange for the music of isolated voices the volume and strength of the chorus.” "To make better the civic conditions of our city, and help solve the industrial problems of the day.” Incorporated November, 1899. Neighborhood. The manufacturing part of Oakland. The people are Portuguese and Italian. Activities. For ten years (1895-1905) the association maintained a free kindergarten (now a city kindergarten); and later a day nursery (1905-1908). Following the earthquake of 1906 fed and clothed refugees from San Francisco, and maintained a center for the Oakland Relief Committee.CALIFORNIA ’5 Maintains dispensary; station of visiting nurse; noon-day rest for girls; folk- dancing; classes for girls in cooking, sewing, basket-ball and gymnasium work; for boys, gymnasium work and military tactics; library; social evenings twice a month for men and women; women’s club. A flat on the third floor of the house is rented to the women workers in travellers’ aid. Former Locations. 1020 Third St., 1895-?; 1730 Eighth St., ?-1898; 1020 Linden St., Dec., 1898-1900; Third and Franklin Sts. Residents. Women 2. Volunteers. Women 31, men 2. Head Residents. May Norton, 1895-1898; Charlotte Louise Morgan, 1898; Alice F. Coburn, 1898-1901; Carrie Goodhue, 1901-1902; Minnie Smith, 1902-. Literature. Annual Reports, 1899, 1901, 1908. See also: A California Settle- ment. Commons, July, 1896, p. 13. PORTERVILLE People’s Institute (Congregational) Established 1910, “as a People’s Institute for religious and educational purposes.” Neighborhood. A farming district, but with the usual difficulties of amusing the young people. Maintains. The house is a well built, well equipped building, with auditorium for church services and lectures; living rooms and club rooms; gymnasium and swimming pool; tennis and baseball courts; clubs for boys, girls, men and women. Head Worker. Rev. W. J. Bryant. SAN FRANCISCO GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY Ashe, Elizabeth: Nurses Settlements in San Francisco. Char, and Commons, xvi : 45 (Apr. 7, 1906) — Hill, Archibald A.: San Francisco and the Relief Work Ahead. Char, and Commons, xvi : 135 (Apr. 28, 1906). The Reconstruction of San Francisco. Char, and Commons, xvi : 165 (May 5, 1905) — Eaves, Lucile: Where San Francisco was Sorest Stricken. Char, and Commons, xvi : 161 (May 5, 1906) — Taylor, Graham: After Earthquake and Fire. Char, and Commons, xvi : 157 (May 5, 1906) — Rogers, James E.: Social Settlements in the San Francisco Disaster. Char, and Commons, xvi : 331 (June 2, 1906) — Smith, Mary Roberts: Relief Work in its Social Bearings. Char, and Commons, xvi : 308 (June 2, 1906) — Taylor, Graham: The Earthquake’s Emphasis on Human Good. Char, and Commons, xvi : 293 (June 2, 1906) — Eaves, Lucile: Situa- tion in San Francisco. Char, and Commons, xix : 1265 (Dec. 21, 1907). Catholic Settlement and Humane Society 597 Oak Street Organized 1907, to secure “a centralized and comprehensive charity organization under the auspices of the church. It embraces Catholic educa- tional, extension, settlement, and humane work.” The settlement department aims “to establish houses in the different districts of the city where the children of the neighborhood may be gathered off the street.” “As we understand the term ‘settlement work/ it means a center whereHANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS 16 the mothers of a neighborhood and their children may gather daily, or weekly, or as often as they may wish, to be entertained and instructed; and where they may enjoy themselves and feel at home and meet the other members of the club or class, and listen to music and lectures of an instructive and entertaining charac- ter, with the object of bringing into their lives somewhat more of sunshine and happiness than they might otherwise have; and, at the same time, doing what- ever may be proper for the increase of their knowledge and moral uplift. “ In rendering service to the poor we do not in any way discriminate against non-Catholics. A large number of non-Catholic women and children attend the meetings of the clubs in the settlement centers and are accorded the same courtesy and kindly interest as the Catholic members. The society aims, not simply to aid the poor in a material way, but to exercise a salutary influence, morally and spiritually, at the same time respecting the faith of non-Catholics while encouraging the members of our own faith in doing good in every way.” Maintains. “The department maintains (1910) two centers, one at Seventeenth and Potrero Avenue, the other at Eighteenth and Oakwood Streets. Here children are cared for and taught the domestic and other arts. Several clubs for working girls with social and recreational purpose are carried on. Through mothers’ clubs, and sewing and kindergarten classes, and by lectures, entertainments and discussions, this department undertakes to make its settlement houses centers of interest and salutary influences in their respective neighborhoods. Over three hundred children are now enrolled.’* More or less work of a similar order has been done in every Roman Catholic parish of the city since the fire, and the church is keenly alive to the needs of its people. Under the different sisterhoods, centers have been established where religious instruction, day nurseries, cooking and sewing classes, clubs and social work are carried on. “The religious order called Helpers of the Holy Souls have a home at the corner of Haight and Buchanan Streets, where they gather many of the mothers of the neighborhood and their children for club or social life. They also have a place in what is known as the Italian quarter of the city and one in the Spanish quarter and also in that part of the city known as Chinatown. The Salesian Fathers have a building in the Italian quarter, where the mothers of that section have their meetings and, likewise, the children, for the purposes of instruction and entertainment and strengthening and uplifting of all who may be in need of encouragement, information or advice; and some hundreds of children and mothers attend the meetings.’’ Literature. The Monitor (San Francisco), June 16, 1910. For information address R. E. Queen, Esq., 597 Oak St., San Francisco, Cal. Cathedral Mission of the Good Samaritan (Episcopal) Center and Day Nursery, 246 Second Street. New Center, 25th Street and Potrero Avenue Established May, 1896. After the earthquake and fire of 1906, the work was continued in a temporary building, and a building was erected at 25th Street and Potrero Avenue in a new neighborhood. Work is conducted in both places. Neighborhood. Before the fire an old residence part of the city with a large population crowded into a small space. Since the fire it has been rebuilt with shacks,CALIFORNIA 17 lodging houses and a small number of flats. Housing conditions are serious in that all shacks are condemned after 1911. The people are seafaring or longshoremen and must live near their work. Rents are very high. Maintains. Second Street Center.—Day nursery; relief; dispensary; mothers* club; Monday Tea Club (a club of women over sixty); library; classes in sewing and picture framing. Twenty-fifth Street Center.—New building ready, with a large hall, chapel, gymnasium with showers and lockers, club rooms, dispensary, treatment and dark rooms, operating room and diet kitchen, living rooms for residents, reading room, clothing bureau, etc. Residents. Second Street.—Women 1. Twenty-fifth Street.—Women 1, men 1. Volunteers. Women 36, men 3. Literature. Diocesan Journals — Report, 1907-1910. Work Previous to Earthquake and Fire (April, 1906) “ When the rich people began moving from old Rincon Hill, the poorer class came into the old mansions, making tenements and lodging houses out of the formerly beautiful dwellings of the pioneers. The only Episcopal church in the neighborhood was moved further up-town to * secure a congregation/ but when Rev. William I. Kip started the Good Samaritan Mission, it was crowded to the doors, proving that the congregation was there, but evidently not of the type desired by the larger church. “A four-story plant was installed in 1897, containing a large gymnasium, shower and tub baths, carpenter shop, clothing bureau, and dispensary of four rooms on the base- ment floor; also a library, reading room, club rooms for men, women and girls; a large hall for dancing, with stage; kitchen for cooking classes and refreshments; rooms on the upper floor for clubs, janitor, large chapel with splendid organ, and robing rooms for choir; study and vestry for clergy/* Maintained a woodyard, reading room, Brotherhood of St. Andrew, meals» bed tickets, clothing, employment, for men; classes in gymnasium, Knights of King Arthur, choir, carpenter work, for boys; mothers’ clubs, picture framing, fancy work, for women; physical culture, cooking, singing, library, Sunday excursions, for girls; sewing, gymnasium, library, for children. Former Locations. 245 Second St., 1896; 246 Second St., 1897-1906; 38 Essex St. (Boys* Home). Literature. Diocesan Journals — Report, 1903. Emanu-el Sisterhood 1017 Steiner Street (1909-) Established 1894, and incorporated in 1902, “to exercise an educa- tional, social and humanitarian influence on all those who come within its con- fines.” Maintained by subscriptions. Neighborhood. “A residence portion of the city. The classes consist of children who live within a radius of six or eight city blocks, making this essentially a neighborhood settlement. The work is non-sectarian, one-fifth being non-J ewish children. Maintains employment bureau; boarding house for girls; library; classes for women in needlework, crocheting and knitting; for girls in stenography and typewriting, plain sewing, embroidery, dressmaking, crocheting, millinery and dancing; for boys in 3i8 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS physical culture and a glee club; medical and instructive lectures are given; social enter- tainments, etc. Former Locations. Before fire, Folsom St. near Ninth. Since fire, 1375 Golden Gate Ave., 1908-1909. Residents. Women 2. Head Resident. (Miss) Ray S. Feder. Literature. Authorized Statements. Annual Report, 1908-1909. Green Street Congregational Church Green Street Established 1903. “Aims to be a church with resident workers, open every day and night for physical, social and spiritual culture.” Neighborhood. The edge of Telegraph Hill, near the residence part of Russian Hill and close to Barbary Coast (Tenderloin). The people are largely Italians, French, Spaniards and native Americans. Activities. Worked for the moving picture censorship law, removal of nickel-in-slot machines from cigar and candy shops; playgrounds; Sunday closing of shops; higher license of saloons; against spread of vice into residence section. Maintains clubs for women, men, boys and girls; classes in gymnastics, orchestra, music, sewing. (Gymnasium classes taught by ex-pugilist Wedge, who also works among young men on Barbary Coast.) Baths in basement; roof garden, playground and glass sunhouse. Residents. Women 4, men 4. Volunteers. Women 5, men 3. Head Resi- dent. Rev. E. L. Walz. The People’s Place (Undenominational) (A social settlement and non-sectarian institutional church) 555 Chestnut Street Established in 1898, by Henry A. Fisk, as a social center, and incor- porated in 1905 as a Benevolent Society, “To make good men and good citizens out of those whose environment tends otherwise.” The methods adopted are “neighborly association with the people in their houses and in the social center; kindly offices in sickness and distress; and the provision at the People’s Place of attractive means of self-improvement, healthful recreation and social inter- course. . . . The work has always been conducted on the basis of appealing equally to the spiritual as well as to the social, physical and intellectual side of life. We have embraced many of the features of an institutional church work and ... we might be described as a gospel or Christian settlement.” Supported by subscriptions. Neighborhood. After the earthquake and fire the People’s Place was re-estab- lished at 555 Chestnut Street, not far away from the old site, and in the North Beach district. This district contains the Latin Quarter, Telegraph Hill, fishing wharves, mills and canneries. The people are, for the most part, hard-working foreigners, largely Italians.CALIFORNIA ’9 Maintains clubs for mothers, boys and girls; classes in gymnastics, singing, print- ing, sewing; a band; lectures; entertainments; a moving-picture machine; baths; and religious services. Former Location. 612 Greenwich St., 1898-1906. Head Worker. Rev. Henry A. Fisk. Literature. Authorized Statements. The Kingdom (on file at 555 Chestnut Street. Not issued since the fire). Potrero Nurses’ Settlement (Formerly Social Settlement House; Tehama Street Nurses House) Nineteenth and Iowa Streets (1907-) Established 1898. (See below.) Neighborhood. After the earthquake and fire of April, 1906, the people from the burned out districts flocked to the Potrero hills. The first shacks soon made way for houses, though many of them remain. The district is a manufacturing quarter, in- habited by the poorer workmen and the foreign element. Activities. The settlement aims to be “a civic, educational, and social center.” It has aided the United States Immigrant Commission in its “collec- tion of accurate and important data among the Russians”; has obtained city consent to the placing of a city library station in one of the settlement buildings; organized the Potrero Women’s Club, which works for “clean streets and better sanitary conditions for the neighborhood”; has made an inspection of sanitary conditions in the vicinity; and was instrumental in having a night school for Russians placed in the Potrero by the board of education; and its workers act as auxiliary inspectors under the board of health. Maintains first-aid room; resident nursing service; kindergarten; city library; clubs for men in civic improvement; clubs for young men in singing and amusement; clubs for women, girls and boys; classes in sewing, dancing; gymnasium; social events; lectures and concerts. Summer Work.—Boys’ club outing (self supporting). Former Location. 452J4 Tehama Street, 1898-Apr., 1906. Before the Earthquake and Fire of 1906 Octavine Briggs, a nurse of the Associated Charity Society, felt that she must establish a permanent residence in a poor district and sever all connection with organiza- tions in order to do her best work. A small house was taken and furnished. At first she did not bring the nursing into prominence, but concentrated her energies in becoming the friend and confidant of her neighbors. The residents, though not all nurses, were largely so; but much social and neighborhood work was done. The people were largely Irish. Residents were very active in keeping the health and sanitary departments up to their duty, and in securing from the district a reciprocal care to keep sidewalks and drains clear. Residents. Women 6, men 1. Volunteers. Women 3, men 4. Head Resi- dent. (Mrs.) Octavine Briggs Schweitzer, 1898-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Annual Report, 1898-1908; 1908-1909. See also: San Francisco Chronicle, May 15, 1910.20 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS San Francisco Settlement (Formerly South Park Settlement) 2520 Folsom Street (1911-) Established January 2, 1895, by the San Francisco Settlement Asso- ciation (organized April 14, 1894, and incorporated), “To establish and main- tain a settlement in San Francisco as a residence for persons interested in the social and moral condition of its neighborhood; to bring into friendly and helpful relations with one another the people of the neighborhood in which the settle- ment is situated; to co-operate with church, educational, charitable and labor organizations, and with other agencies acting for the improvement of social conditions; to serve as a medium among the different social elements of the city for bringing about a more intelligent and systematic understanding of their mutual obligations/’ To do “social and educational work in the neighborhood; co-operate in the civic work of the city; and investigate social and economic conditions.’’ After the Earthquake and Fire of 1906 “Although the house was only slightly damaged by the earthquake, it, with its fine equipment, was ultimately burned and the settlement workers in company with thousands of their homeless neighbors camped out in China Basin. Most of the residents and volunteer workers at once offered their services to the Relief Committee and for several months assisted in the organization and dis- tribution of relief. Miss Eaves, the head worker, returned from New York, where she had been on leave of absence during the previous winter, and organized social and sewing centers. Dana Coolidge, with funds offered by Selah Cham- berlain, established a brick cleaning camp at the suburban town of Palo Alto and gathered there the younger boys of the boys’ clubs, who were able to earn considerably more than their own living, and many of whom for the first time contributed to the support of their families. “Although scattered over miles of devastated territory in camps and tents, many of the South Park neighbors reported themselves to the former resi- dents of the house at relief stations, and demanded, first of all, the re-establish- ment of the settlement. One of the young men’s clubs pitched its tents in front of the ruins of the old house, determined to stay there till it should be rebuilt. “ But it appeared then, and time has proved, that the region about the Park was probably to be a commercial district, and as many of the people had moved farther out it was thought wise to re-establish the settlement work at 720 Treat Avenue and to await the development of city reconstruction before fixing upon a permanent location. With the money remaining from a small legacy and chiefly through the energy and enthusiasm of Jean Parker, the treasurer of the council, and of W. H. Hutton, in charge of the boys’ club, a large, rough, cheap club house was quickly built and the work reorganized with a nucleus of old club members.”CALIFORNIA 21 In spite of the loss in equipment by fire the work has rapidly grown to proportions as great as in South Park, and the possibilities for work to be done are great and far-reaching. Neighborhood. The location is in the heart of the “Mission,” the thickly popu- lated residence district of the working classes of San Francisco, with outlying factories. The community varies from a few old wealthy families and prosperous business men to a shifting population in inadequate lodging houses and refugee shacks. The neighbors are largely native born, with a cosmopolitan minority. Maintains clubs for girls, women and boys; instruction given in manual training, debating; gymnasium and cross country walks, for boys; German, sewing, embroidery and gymnasium, for girls; classes in civics and social economics; prospective moving picture lectures on educational and historical subjects. Summer Work.—Camp for boys in Sonoma County picking berries; outings to Belmont for mothers and girls. Before tie Earthquake and Fire of 1906 The South Park Settlement began work in a small way at Number 15 South Park. In October, 1897, it moved to a larger house at 84 South Park; in 1900 the San Francisco Boys’ Club was merged in the settlement; in March, 1901, Mrs. Phoebe Hearst purchased and remodelled the two houses at 84-86 South Park, and added the Shaw gymnasium. Neighborhood. The Park was an old fashioned residence district far down town in the business-factory quarter. The community varied in condition from the prosperous business man and the poor but steadily employed workman to the waterfront contingent verging on destitution. The people were largely native born of American, Irish and German descent. Activities. The workers made various efforts for neighborhood and civic betterment; worked hard for a playground for the section; made investigations into school attendance; were largely instrumental in preparing the way for an adequate child labor law, and for a better law covering the work of women; carried on in co-operation with the University of California lectures on trade unionism, etc. Maintained clubs of girls, boys, young men, women and older women; instruction given in carpentry, printing, brushmaking, Venetian ironwork, etc., for boys; gymnasium work for boys, girls and women; dressmaking, millinery, plain sewing, embroidery and cooking; classes in singing, literature, and economics; stereopticon ethical talks for the children on Sunday afternoon. Summer Work.—Camps for women and girls; boys’ camp 1903 ff. in the Fruit Belt picking fruit. Former Location. 720 Treat Ave., 1906-1911. Head Residents. Fred E. Haynes, Apr., 1894-Aug., 1895; Prof. Bernard Moses, Jan.-June, 1895; Mrs. M. C. Schermehorn, Nov., 1895-1898; Dr. Dorothea Moore, 1898-1902; Lucile Eaves, 1902-1907; Mary R. Smith, 1905-1906; Eugenia Schenk, 1907-. Literature. I. Authorized Statements. Annual reports of the San Francisco Settlement Assoc. — Monthly Bulletin, 1908-9 — Issues of the South Park Press. Published, beginning June, 1897, by the Caxton Club, of the settlement. See also: The San Francisco Settlement Ass’n. Prospect Union Rev., i, No. 19 (Mar. 6, 1895) — McLean, Fannie: South Park Settlement. Commons, June, 1897, pp. 1-3 — Coman,22 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Katharine: South Park Settlement. Commons, viii, No. 8$ (Aug., 1903) — News Items, Commons, Aug., 1896, p. 6, and Oct., 1897, p. 13. II. Articles or Social Studies by Residents. Eaves, Lucile: Weekly articles in the Labor Clarion (San Francisco), 1903-1904 — School Attendance in the Twenty- first District of San Francisco. Western Jour, of Educ., Oct., 1904 — Special articles on Child Labor in daily papers and the Labor Clarion; particularly the issues of The Call, Nov. 13, 1900, and Labor Clarion, Nov. 11, 1904 — Women and Children Wageworkers of California. In biennial report of California State Labor Bureau, 1904. Telegraph Hill Neighborhood Association Neighborhood House, 1734 (1736) Stockton Street. Dispensary, 1734 (1728) Stockton Street. Hill Farm, Bothin, Marin Co., Cal. After the Earthquake and Fire of 1906 Established in the winter of 1903, by Elizabeth Ashe, as an outgrowth of a Saturday morning sewing school and kitchen garden carried on in the Tele- graph Hill district by the City Front Association of Volunteer Workers (founded Feb., 1890), to improve “the social and hygienic conditions of Telegraph Hill and its neighborhood ... by maintaining clubs and a gymnasium for boys, girls, men and women, dispensaries with district nurses, kitchen gardens, etc.” Incorporated Aug. 22, 1904. Immediately after the catastrophe (of 1906) the house re-established its dispensary and nursing service; its nurses enlisting under the board of health and having control of the sanitation, nursing and general welfare of the Pioneer Park and Washington Square camps. The dispensaries were used for social work, and clubs and efforts toward a return to normal social relationships and conditions started. The workers felt the greatest need of the camps to be social, as the shacks and the uncomfortable living tended to drive young people into all kinds of ill advised amusements. The convalescent home at Hill Farm was maintained and a school and kindergarten established there. A new constitution and articles of incorporation were adopted December 11, 1906, and a new work begun. Neighborhood. Telegraph Hill was rebuilt almost immediately after the fire, and although many poorly built and badly ventilated tenements are going up, the real estate men say there are more individual property owners and fewer mortgages on Telegraph Hill than in any part of the city. The people are a hard working, cosmopolitan class, mainly Italians. This section borders on the Barbary Coast and has many factories, mills and canneries within its boundaries. Activities. The house has interested itself in the new civic problems of its neighborhood. It played a part in the struggle which preserved the tene- ment house law; made an inspection of housing for the Association for the Study and Prevention of Tuberculosis; worked for the maintenance of city pa- tients in private hospitals; demonstrated the practical advantages of visiting nurses in the public schools, and provided the nurses when the board of health voted medical inspection supplemented by nursing service. Maintains dispensary, resident nursing service, convalescent home; clubs for mothers and children; classes in housekeeping, cooking, sewing, etc.; boys* classes inCALIFORNIA 23 military drill, cooking, sloyd, dancing, gymnastics, etc.; social events, monthly enter- tainments and lectures. Summer Work.—Hill Farm, Bothin, Marin Co., Cal. This farm was originally started to meet the needs of the nurses of Telegraph Hill Settlement in caring for convalescent patients, but it was found to be impossible to confine its work to them, as demands upon it increased for care of crippled and tired children and mothers and old people. Especially after the fire and earthquake did this farm do good work in caring for many people suffering from the shock and exposure incident to that homeless period. The day nursery was only open one summer. Before the Earthquake and Fire of 1906 Neighborhood House, 650 Filbert Street. Dispensary, 536 Green Street. Hill Farm, Bothin, Marin Co., Cal. Established. The Neighborhood House was opened in October, 1905. During the preceding years the girls’ clubs had been carried on in a flat on the summit of the hill (Sansome Street), the boys’ clubs in a cottage at 427 Vallejo Street, the Saturday morning school in Silver Star Hall, and the clothing bureau in a flat over the dispensary. Residence began in 1905. lt During the three years that have elapsed since the association organized, it has been possible to gain the firm friendship of the people without a permanent residence having been established among them. Miss Johnson’s home in the neighborhood has been of great assistance . . . and since Miss Ashe has lived at the Neighborhood House the atmosphere of home life has undoubtedly increased the interest of club members and club workers.” (Report, 1906.) In the summer of 1905 a day nursery was opened at 2118 Mason Street by one of the workers and was privately financed. Neighborhood. The section was a quarter given up almost entirely to Italians, Porto Ricans and Mexicans. Activities. The house interested itself in the physical and civic needs of its neighbors. It worked for the acquisition of a playground, a park on the hill, school playgrounds, clean streets, better sanitary conditions. It organized and worked with the Telegraph Hill Improvement Club, which met at the settlement. Residents. Women 2. Head Resident. Elizabeth H. Ashe, 1903-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Annual Reports, 1st, 2nd, 3rd; also 4th, 5th, 6th (1907-1909). See also: Rogers, James E. (director of the boys’ club): The State of Columbia. Charities, xii : 245-250 (Mar. 5, 1904). True Sunshine Mission (Episcopal) 966 Clay Street Established in 1908 for work among the Chinese. Has a well equipped house, with living rooms on the second floor for the resident worker, and is located in the midst of the Chinese quarter of San Francisco, and across the street from the public Chinese school. Maintains. A feature of the work of this Mission is the playground for Chinese children on the grounds. This playground is equipped as a regulation playground and is24 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS never empty. Classes are held in English for adults, and in sewing and kitchen gardening for children. Services in Chinese are held on Sundays in the chapel; there is also a large Sunday school. The Deaconess is just starting a room called the “ Room of Peace/* where Chinese patients who are expected to die can be brought to die in peace. It is a Chinese custom to take their people who are supposed to be dying to the undertaker’s; among the poorer classes they are left in dark cellars. Many children suffering from diphtheria and similar diseases have been saved by the workers from the different religious centers, who took them when they had been given up to die. There is a dispensary in the house, and it is hoped that this will form the nucleus for a Chinese hospital where the Chinese poor can obtain attention. SANTA BARBARA Neighborhood House (Formerly Young People’s Club, Oct., 1907-Nov., 1908) “The Adobe,” Santa Barbara and De la Guerra Streets (1910-) Established October, 1907, by a group of public spirited women and two public school teachers, one from the ungraded room and the other from the Anna S. C. Blake Manual Training School, “to do club work for children and young people.” Incorporated 1910. Maintained by dues and subscriptions. Neighborhood. “The Adobe” is two historic adobe houses (1786) in the old residence quarter, two blocks from the main street of the town, surrounded by descend- ants of historic old Spanish families, some Americans, and a few Mexicans and Italians. Activities. For the first year the superintendent (who was also the first city and county probation officer) served without compensation. Maintains billiard hall and bowling alley; noon day rest for girls; library (also branch public library); hall, with stage; loom room for carpet weaving; work room; dental clinic; special room for girls; outdoor gymnasium; two public playgrounds—one a public park; a free public bath house (built, owned and maintained by Association. A citizen gives use of land, and the city allows salary of “special beach policeman”). Classes in military drill, gymnastics, dramatics, block printing, boat building, electricity, metal work, sewing, dressmaking, cooking, housekeeping, wood carving, tool work, or- chestra, folk dances, etc. There are lectures, concerts, entertainments. The house and grounds are a recreation center. Special attention in the summer to playground. The large industrial classes are held in the Anna S. C. Blake Manual Training School Building on the same grounds with the Neighborhood House. Former Locations. 25 W. Ortega St., 1907-1909; 135 E. Haley St., 1909-1910. Superintendent. Margaret Baylor. Literature. Report, 1909.COLORADO DENVER Colfax Settlement (Council of Jewish Women) 2713 West Colfax Avenue Founded 1906, by the Council of Jewish Women. Maintained by the Council, the Charity Organization Society, and subscriptions. Neighborhood. The people are Jews. Maintains boys’ clubs; classes in reading, instructive games, hammered brass, civics, and debating; lectures and social evenings at which girls are admitted. Head Workers. D. E. Harlem; Mrs. Adolph Oppenheimer, 1420 Columbine St. Literature. Jewish Settlement Work in Denver. Cbar. and Commons, xv : 539 (Jan., 1906). The Neighborhood House Association Established 1902. (See West Side Neighborhood House—below.) NORTH SIDE NEIGHBORHOOD HOUSE 3517 Navajo Street (1908-) Assumed in December, 1907, by the Neighborhood House Association at the request of the Charity Organization Society, and conducted as a neighbor- hood center by residents of the Neighborhood House. Neighborhood. The house is in the center of the Italian district. The great need is industrial and civic training. Maintains library; night school; classes in cooking, dressmaking, singing; clubs for boys, Sunday evening music and story hours. Summer Work.—Kindergarten, library, and sewing classes. Former Location. 3410 Pecos St., 1907-Sept., 1908. WEST SIDE NEIGHBORHOOD HOUSE 966 Galapagos Street (1903-) Established June, 1902, by the Women’s Association of Plymouth Con- gregational Church, “to provide a home to be a center of usefulness and cheer to all the neighborhood.” Incorporated April, 1903, “to establish, conduct and maintain a neighborhood house which may consist of one or more buildings in the city and county of Denver, state of Colorado, not for profit, but for educa- tional, charitable and benevolent purposes; to afford a place where the children of such neighborhood may receive the benefit of a kindergarten school, and where sewing and similar industries may be taught; the maintenance of a nursery for the daily care of infants, and of dormitories where temporary care and shelter 2526 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS may be given to homeless boys and girls; for the establishment of a gymnasium and a reading room; and for a place generally where such boys and girls may re- ceive the benefit of moral training, wholesome recreation and amusement, and where the parents of such children and other parents may assemble for like pur- poses/’ Maintained by pledges from churches, the Charity Organization So- ciety, and subscriptions. Neighborhood. An independent neighborhood with German, Irish, and Scandi- navian population, thoroughly Americanized. Needs recreation center, co-operating with neighboring schools and churches, and a day nursery. In Denver there are an unusual number of widows, and women with invalid husbands, owing to the fact of its being a colony for tuberculosis patients. Activities. Playground and athletic field (co-operation of city); branch of the public library. Maintains day nursery, employment office, sewing school, and rummage sale; recreation center for the young people; classes in dancing; clubs for women, young people and children, with athletic, social and literary aims; entertainments and socials. Publishes the Neighborhood House Times. Summer Work.—Playground, picnics, and excursions. Former Locations. 962 Santa Fe Ave., June, 1902-1903. 966 Galapagos St. (formerly S. Water St.). New building added, 1906. Residents. Women 3. Volunteers. Women 25, men 6. Head Residents. Louise Semple, 1902-1903; Mary A. Lawrence, 1903-1905; (Mrs.) Margaret Manning, 1905-1909; Euphemia Johnson, September, 1909-June, 1910; Alice Knapp, Sept., 1910-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Opportunities and Needs at Neighbor- hood House, 1902-1903 — Report of Charity Organization Society, 1907, p. 71 — Re- port of Neighborhood House Association, 1908; 1909 — Publishes Neighborhood House Times.CONNECTICUT HARTFORD Gurdon W. Russell Settlement House 34 Charter Oak Avenue Established May i, 1910, by the Visiting Nurse Association, “for the purpose of doing instructive work among children and young people; and to conduct an evening clinic for people who are employed during the day. This clinic is with a special view to detecting early cases of tuberculosis.’’ Neighborhood. South end of East Side factory district. People are Irish, Poles, Jews and Italians. Maintains clubs for school children every afternoon, where sewing, darning, embroidery, crocheting, and basket making are taught; weekly evening club for working girls, and one for working boys; weekly clinic for suspected cases of lung trouble. Residents. Women 4. Volunteers. Women 14, men 2. Head Resident. Martha J. Wilkinson. Social Settlement of Hartford (Undenominational) 15 North Street (1898-). Playground, 29 North St. Cottage, Haddam, Conn. Established March, 1895, by Miss Davison (Mrs. L. B. Paton) and Miss Hansell (Mrs. F. A. Hastings), one time workers at College Settlement, New York City, as the outgrowth of a small club and class center which they had founded a year previously. The Sociological Club of Hartford assumed re- sponsibility for the rent for part of the second year. Aims "to Americanize the foreign born; to train young people in good citizenship; to bring about tenement house reform through arousing dissatisfaction in our tenement house dwellers with dirt, darkness and bad sanitation, so that they will demand better, healthier, more convenient houses; to teach our girls and young women how to make and keep an attractive home; to provide a center for the social life of the neighbor- hood, and to serve as a common ground for all classes of society where they may meet to know and understand one another.’’ Incorporated, March, 1901. Neighborhood. The people are Jews, Italians, Irish, and Poles. Maintains playground (for neighborhood children under eight years old); branch of public library; reading room; bank; baths; clothing bureau; study hour for children; daily social evening for young people; story hour; classes in cooking, housekeeping, kitchen garden, embroidery, sewing, and piano; military drill; handicrafts; clubs for women, young people, and children, with literary, debating, dramatic, athletic and benevo- lent aims; Bible class and evensong; lectures, entertainments, and socials. Summer Work.—Playground; picnics and excursions; vacations at the settlement summer home. Former Location. 6 North St., 1895-1898. Residents. Women 2. Volunteers. Women 20, men 5. Head Resident. Katherine P. Woods, 1895; Isabel Eaton, 1896; Irmagarde Rossiter, 1897; Mary Gra- ham Jones, Dec., 1898-. 2728 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Literature. Authorized Statements. Report, 1903 (Contains history of the settlement) — Report, 1908-9. See also: Neighborhood Work. Hartford Post, May 12, 1895, and Dec. 7, 1899 — Spruce Street Settlement (Center) 21 Spruce Street Established December, 1908, by the College Club of Hartford. Address Clara Pease, 80 Church Street. NEW HAVEN Lowell House 198 Hamilton Street (1907-). Dispensary, 206 Hamilton Street Established January, 1900, as an outgrowth of a flower mission op- erated by the young people of the Second Congregational Church, Fair Haven, and the personal incentive of Dr. Julia E. Teele, who established herself in a tenement occupied by five other families,“ to study the needs, live a life of neigh- borliness, and to interest others in our neighbors.” (Report, 1905.) In Febru- ary, 1901, an advisory council was organized which assumed the financial burden of the work, and the house at 153 Franklin Street was taken. In March, 1902, the present association was formed and a constitution adopted. Maintained by voluntary subscriptions. Neighborhood. A factory district. While there are a considerable number of Irish families left, they are fast being pushed out and the district is becoming character- istically Italian. There are some Jews, Russians and Germans. Activities. Representation in the various city movements for better con- ditions. Investigation of housing, a> a result of which a committee was formed which drafted the Connecticut Tenement House Act passed in 1905. Residents have been able to be of service in organizing the District Nurses Association, the Consumers* League, and the Associated Civic Societies. Maintains noon lunch club for factory girls; dispensary; piano lessons and prac- tice; branch of the public library; bank; classes in sewing, drawing, cooking, carving, kitchen garden, painting, iron work, dressmaking, basketry; various clubs for children and women, boys and young men; English classes for foreigners. Summer Work.—A play- ground open for eight weeks; piano lessons; a woman’s club; dispensary; noon lunch; and some informal work. Locations. 202 Franklin St., Jan., 1900, to Jan., 1901; 153 Franklin St., 1901, to May 15, 1907; Dr. Teele’s apartment, Hamilton Street, 1906-. Residents. Women 4, men 3. Volunteers. Women 40, men 10. Head Resi- dents. Dr. Julia E. Teele, Jan., 1900, to Spring, 1905; Ethel R. Evans, October, 1905-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Leaflet. Lowell House. Early 1901 — Report (March 31, 1903). (Contains a “Summary of the Tenement House Investigation of 1902 Into the Tenements in a Part of the Third Ward” by Prof. H. W. Farnam and William B. Bailey.) — Report (March 24, 1904). (Contains “The Meaning of the Social Settlement Movement” by Robert Hunter.) — Report (March 29, 190$). (Contains a history of the work by Dr. Julia E. Teele.) — Report. March 29, 1906 — Report. March, 1907 — Report. March, 1908-1909.DELAWARE WILMINGTON People's Settlement (Undenominational) Eighth Street near Lombard Street (1910). Summer House, "The Comfort/* Penn’s Grove, N. J. Established October 5, 1901, by Sarah W. Pyle, "to give our people a broader education, with its quicker perceptions, larger views and sounder judg- ment. To enlarge their affections with their gentler feelings, their higher aspira- tions, finer susceptibilities and greater spiritual capacity. A more developed will, with its strength, persistence, courage." Incorporated February 17, 1903. Maintained by private subscriptions. N eigh borhood. A mixed factory and tenement quarter. The neighbors are largely mechanics and artisans of Irish ancestry, with a scattering of Germans and Jews. Many saloons, much intoxication, and crap playing. Activities. Secured improved lighting service for its quarter, and had a part in the campaign for the present child labor law. Maintains clubs for children, men and women; kindergarten; library; bank; manual training; physical culture; elocution; play hour; picture library; sewing; mechanical drawing; Venetian iron work; sloyd; lectures on first aid to the injured; boys’ brigade, etc. Sunday work includes a children’s religious service, and a Bible class. Summer Work.—Day’s outings; picnics; trolley rides; open house for good times and social evenings. Former Location. 831 Church St., 1901-1910. Residents. Women 2. Volunteers. Women 40, men 12. Head Resident. Sarah W. Pyle, 1901-. Literature. Annual Report, March, 1905 — Report of Building Committee, May, 1910. 29DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA WASHINGTON United Settlement Workers of Washington and Baltimore Organized October 20, 1906, at Lawrence House, Baltimore, Md., by the settlement workers of Washington, D. C., and Baltimore, Md., “for the de- velopment of its members, and for the promotion of the cause of civic and social betterment in Washington and Baltimore.” Activities. Joint meetings, biennially, and monthly meetings of the local branches. The association discusses local and general problems, listens to ex- perts on forms of settlement and civic work, and holds public meetings to in- terest the local communities. Officers. President: Mrs. RudolphGerlick, Catonsville, Md. Secretary: Minnie S. Hanaw, 112 Jackson Place, Baltimore. Washington Association of Neighborhood Workers Organized March 2, 1907 “(a) to further co-operation among neighbor- hood workers; (b) to confer upon subjects of common interest; (c) to promote civic and social betterment.” Activities. The association, during the years 1907 and 1908, discussed matters of common interest, listened to addresses on social and civic work, made investigations concerning forms of public amusement, and extended co-operation to various organizations. The meetings of the association languished during the season of 1909-10, owing to simultaneous changes which took place in many of the Washington settlements. Meetings resumed November, 1910. Officers. President: J. P. S. Neligh, 468 N. Street, S. W.; Secretary: Mrs. J. P. S. Neligh, 468 N. Street, S. W. Colored Social Settlement 18 L Street, S. W. (1909-) Established November, 1903, by persons from Neighborhood House and the Conference Class of the Associated Charities (colored volunteer workers) as the outgrowth of clubs and classes begun in 1902, “to help a delinquent class to a higher standard, ultimately to better citizenship.” Incorporated, May 23, 1906. “To conduct a social settlement and social center, including clubs and classes, educational activities, industrial work, entertainments and social gather- ings; to foster co-operation and mutual helpfulness among the colored people of 30DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 31 its vicinity by enlisting all who may be interested in united efforts for the com- mon good; to investigate industrial conditions and social problems, and to pro- mote individual, neighborhood and municipal improvement; to promote the development of volunteer personal service; to carry on any or all the activities which are usually grouped under the title ‘college settlement’ or ‘social settle- ment’ work.” Neighborhood. Negro district. Activities. Efforts toward securing a playground site, compulsory school attendance, a summer outing camp for colored children, and an additional kinder- garten. Maintains day nursery; branch of public library; milk station; infant hygiene; public baths; stamp savings; classes in cooking, sewing and gymnastics; clubs for men, women, young people and children. Summer Work.—Picnics and excursions; car rides; preparing children for summer camp. Former Locations, i 18 M St., S. W., 1902-1909. 116 M St., S. W., 1904-1909. Residents. Women 3. Volunteers. Women 4, men 1. Head Residents. (Mrs.) Sarah Collins Fernandis, 1903-1908; Eloise Bibb, Feb., 1908-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Circulars (illustrated), to be obtained from settlement — Fernandis, Sarah C.: A Mission to Delinquent Folk. Southern Work- man (Hampton Institute), June, 1904. See also: Miller, Kelly: For Charity’s Sake. Washington Evening Star, Aug. 27, 1904 — Menet, Margaret: The Banker of Van Town. Washington Post, Sept. 12, 1904 — Fernandis, Sarah C.: A Colored Social Settlement. Southern Workman, June, 1904. A Social Settlement in South Washington. Charities, xv : 64-66 (Oct. 7, 1905). Neighborhood Interpretation of a Social Settlement. South- ern Workman, Jan., 1906. In the Making. Char, and Commons, xviii : 703-705 (Sept. 14, 1907). Social Settlement Work among Colored People. Char, and Commons, xxi : 302 (Nov. 21, 1908). Friendship House (Undenominational Center) (Formerly Southeast Settlement, 1901-1904; Rochefort House, 1904-1909) 324 Virginia Avenue, S. E. (1909-) Established April, 1909. An outgrowth of social work begun in 1901 by Adeline Rochefort and later extended by Ida A. Green. It purposes: ‘‘to provide a place for neighborhood social gatherings and entertainments, and to furnish a play-center to draw boys and girls from the streets and other places of unwholesome recreation; to promote temperance, thrift and self-control and to train the hand, the eye and the mind through the teaching of useful arts; to cultivate a ‘neighborhood’ spirit, awaken an interest in civic improvement and establish the foundations of honest and progressive citizenship; to develop love for the beautiful and the good, to banish selfishness through the spirit of brotherly kindness, to relieve the burdened and befriend the distressed; to hold out op- portunity for the more fortunate to give themselves in service to the less for- tunate; and, highest and best of all, to lead men and women to measure their lives by the standard of Jesus Christ. In short, to be the social center and a positive educational and religious influence in the community.” 1909.3* HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Neighborhood. The neighborhood includes many of the best class of citizens and also a number of cases under the supervision or receiving assistance of the Associated Charities, but, in large majority, families of limited income living under the disabilities and repression usually incident thereto. Largely native American, white and colored. No work, except in connection with the Straus milk station, is undertaken for the colored people, since there is a separate settlement organized for them. Maintains day nursery; stamp savings; library; gymnasium; story telling; kitchen garden; tutoring; kindergarten; classes in sewing; music; boys’ and girls’ clubs; mothers’ meeting; mid-week "religious and work meeting’’; socials; station for Instruc- tive Visiting Nursing Association. Summer Work.—Straus milk sub-station, work with the boys in co-operation with the "People's Gardens’’ of Washington. Former Locations. Rooms at 319 Pennsylvania Ave., S. E. (1901-1904); Tenth and M. Streets (1904); Tenth St. and Georgia Ave. (1904 to 1906). In this period the house declared its aim "to develop in extreme Southeast Washington a social and educa- tional center, maintained by the neighborhood and its friends, for recreation, improve- ment and co-operative effort.’’ Residents. Women 1, men 1. Volunteers. Women 34, men 9. Head Resident. Lydia A. H. Burklin, May, 1909-. Literature. Pamphlets, 1904-1910. Neighborhood House 468-470 N Street, S. W. (1910-) Established November, 1901, by Mr. and Mrs. Charles F. Weller, “to be a social center for the neighborhood/’ Incorporated in May, 1906. “To conduct a social settlement and social center including clubs and classes, educational activities, industrial work, entertainments and social gatherings; to maintain playgrounds, gymnasia and baths; to conduct summer outings; to investigate industrial conditions and social problems and to promote individual, neighborhood and municipal improvement; to institute and maintain philan- thropic enterprises; to foster co-operation and mutual helpfulness among the people of its vicinity, by enlisting all who may be interested in united efforts for the common good; to promote the development of volunteer personal service in civic and philanthropic lines; to carry on any and all the activities which are usually grouped under the title of social settlement work; and so to express in practice the commandment 'Love thy neighbor as thyself* that this settle- ment shall be in the truest sense a ‘Neighborhood House/ ” Neighborhood. Located in Southwest Washington, in a tenement district Largely Americans and Irish-Americans of the third and later generations, and Russian Jews. The principal problem of the locality is lack of employment. Activities. Worked for better streets and sanitation. Provided the first equipped and directed playground in Washington, secured the first branch of the public library, and initiated summer outing work, a modified milk station, and an infants* and children’s dispensary in Southwest Washington. Maintains day nursery; dispensary; milk station; savings service; library; public playground; kindergarten; gymnasium; roof garden; classes in basketry, weaving, metal work, carpentry, embroidery, sewing; social clubs for boys and girls, young peopleDISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 33 and women; socials, entertainments, plays and festivals. Summer work.—Playground; roof garden; health and dispensary work; classes in crafts; vacation work in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies. Former Locations. 456 N St., Southwest, 1901-1909; 468 N St., Southwest, 1904-. Residents. Women 5, men 1. Volunteers. Women 30, men 2. Head Resi- dents. Eugenia W. (Mrs. Charles F.) Weller, Nov. 1, 1901-June 30, 1906; Mr. and Mrs. J. P. S. Neligh, July 1, 1906-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Opportunities and Needs at Neighbor- hood House (Pamphlet) — The Second Successful Year at a Social Settlement (Pam- phlet) — A Social Settlement in Southwest Washington, 1904 — Neighborhood House, September, 1905 — Neighborhood House. Review of Prospectus 1901-1906 — Neigh- borhood House, 1910 — Programs and folders. See also: Neighborhood House, Wash- ington, D. C. Commons, x : 315 (May, 1905) — Weller, C. F.: Neglected Neighbors. Char, and Commons, xv : 761-794 (Mar. 3, 1906) — Philanthropy as a Calling. Char, and Commons, xxi : 323-324 (Nov. 28, 1908). Noel House 1663 Kramer Street, N. E. (1910-) Established October 1, 1901, by Amelia A. Ryan and Caroline Wit- man (now Mrs. Gilfillan), “to make a home whose good influence would be felt in the neighborhood” and “to provide a gathering place for neighborly intercourse, and for service, industrial, educational and social.” Aims, 1907: “To be a hospitable home where resident neighbors and friends of the house may meet together for mutual helpfulness; to meet the great need for clean and whole- some social life; to maintain such clubs and classes as will aid in doing this, not following fixed rules for the conduct of the house, but changing our plans from time to time to fit the changing needs and meet new opportunities; to study the needs of the neighborhood and secure for it all the advantages enjoyed by the general community; to try such experiments in social effort as our forces will allow; to co-operate with other organizations in the interest of our neighborhood; to inform ourselves on all new movements for reform, to give them our moral support, and to influence legislation when advisable.” In 1905 an association was formed. Supported by contributions. Neighborhood. Tenement quarter, with detached groups of houses and a bare and bleak environment. The people are largely of Irish and German extraction. There are a few Jews and Italians. Activities. A special study of Northeast Washington for the Associated Charities (1904); co-operative experiments in buying (coal and groceries) and producing (preserves). Since 1904 the house has placed a good deal of emphasis on recreation work, feeling that the young people of its district were here in special danger. Maintains milk station; public library station; station of the Instructive Visiting Nursing Association; gymnasium; athletics; games; etc. (the house faces a public playground); rummage sale; mothers’ club; and many clubs for young people and chil- 434 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS dren with athletic, dramatic and social interests. Summer Work.—Undertook in 1904 the experiment of a boys* camp for the summers* outing committee, which had much to do with the permanent establishment of Camp Good Will. A vacant lot, loaned by the owners for a playground, has been bought by the city and is now called Rosedale playground. This was supervised several years by residents, who also started the first school vegetable gardens in the Northeast. The present plant overlooks the Rosedale playground, and the gymnasium supplements the ground, still supervised by a resident. Former Locations. 809 First St., N. W., 1901-Fall, 1905; 1243 H St., N. E., Fall, 1905-Spring, 1908; 1637 Rosedale St., Spring, 1908. Residents. Women 1, men 1, children 2. Volunteers. Women 23, men 3. Head Residents. Amelia A. Ryan and Caroline Witman, 1901; Mr. and Mrs. Edward S. Gilfillan, 1905-1908; Mr. and Mrs. T. Hubert Jones, 1908-1909; Mr. and Mrs. Edward S. Gilfillan, 1909-.GEORGIA ATLANTA Jewish Educational Alliance Founded, 1909, "for the purpose of providing educational, social and ethical opportunities/' Activities. "At present our efforts are centered in a free kindergarten in charge of a paid kindergartner; also night classes for immigrants which are being supervised by voluntary lady teachers. We own our own lot, and are endeavoring now to secure sufficient money to put up a settlement building ad- apted to our needs, with ample playground in the rear. It is our intention, if we can complete our plans, to carry on the kindergarten playground feature, after- noon classes in domestic economy for the girls, night classes for the immigrants in the rudimentary subjects, together with a social center, which will attract our people and keep them away from demoralizing surroundings." April 22, 1910. President: V. H. Kriegshaber. Wesley House (Formerly Methodist Settlement House) 70 and 74 South Boulevard (1903-) Established January, 1903, by the Methodist Board of City Missions, "to elevate the people employed in the large cotton mill in the neighborhood, mentally, morally and physically/’ Maintained by monthly contributions from the auxiliaries of the Women's Home Mission Society of fifteen Methodist churches, a subscription from the Fulton Bag and Cotton Mills, and contribu- tions from Epworth Leagues, Sunday School classes, and individuals. One- sixth of the expenditures comes from the neighborhood. Neighborhood. A mill district which has grown up about the Fulton Bag and Cotton Mills. The population is American. Maintains day nursery; kindergarten; clinic; district nursing service; penny provident bank; library and reading room; shower baths; night school; rummage sale; rooms for community organizations; gymnastic work for boys and girls; domestic science classes; sewing school; religious services and Sunday school. Summer Work.—Gardens. Residents. Women 8. Volunteers. Women 12, men 10. Head Residents. Rosa Lowe, 1903-June, 1906; Dolly L. Crim, 1906-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Eighteenth Annual Report of Women’s Home Mission Society (Methodist Settlement House, Atlanta), pp. 41 and 42. Published by Methodist Episcopal Publishing House, Nashville, Tenn., 1904 — Articles in Our Homes, Mary Helen, Editor. M. E. Pub. House, Nashville, Tenn. 3536 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS AUGUSTA Settlement Home (Methodist) First and Smith Streets, Greggtown (1908-) Established, January, 1908, by the Woman’s Board of City Missions “for the uplift of the people of that section of the city.” Maintained by the City Mission and the authorities of the King Mill. Neighborhood. There are two hundred families in the settlement, all Americans. About one-third of the neighbors have lived in Augusta and worked in the mills since they were small children. The remainder are one-time agricultural laborers, who have been dis- placed by the application of machinery to farm work. More than half of the adults are unable to read, and the parents are careless about their children’s education. Maintains clinics; day nursery; visiting nursing service; kindergarten; gym- nasium; clubs for women and for young men; classes in sewing, housekeeping, domestic science, millinery; night school; children’s hour; prayer service; Sunday school; Bible classes. Residents. Women 3. Volunteers. Women 9, men 4. Head Resident. Annie Tramick, Jan., 1908-Oct., 1909; Jennie Ducker, Deaconess, Oct., 1909--. LA GRANGE Mission of the Good Shepherd (Episcopal) Unity Mills Established, autumn of 1908, by the Bishop of Atlanta, acting through the Rev. Henry D. Phillips, in co-operation with the mill owners of the Unity Mills, for the purpose of improving the physical, intellectual and spiritual con- dition of the operatives of these mills. Maintained about equally by funds sup- plied the Bishop of Atlanta from gifts, and missionary endowment in the Dio- cese of Atlanta, and by the operators of the cotton mills in La Grange. Neighborhood. A population of three or four thousand of pure American stock drawn from sparsely settled poor, rural districts, whose social, educational, and to a great extent, moral needs have been neglected. The moral characteristics are remarkably good for the training received; but illiteracy is widely prevalent, sanitation, hygiene and diet- etics are without any consideration, and the homes are comfortless and mean. Maintains religious services and Sunday school; library and reading room; kin- dergarten and night school; clubs for young men (athletic); for young women (sewing, physical culture, games); boys’ athletics and games; girls’ handicraft and games. Dis- trict visiting and nursing. Infirmary and clinic with training school for workers in prepar- ation. Head Residents. Henry D. Phillips and Mary J. Brewster, M.D., 1908-.ILLINOIS BLOOMINGTON Day Nursery and Settlement Association 1214 West Mulberry Street (1907-) Established, January, 1907, by a band of women who became interested in the neighborhood as friendly visitors of the Associated Charities for the “ up- lifting mentally, morally and physically of such as live in the neighborhood.” Neighborhood. The people are Germans, Poles and Irish; largely mine workers. Maintains day nursery; kindergarten; library and reading room; night school; classes in domestic science; mothers’ club. Residents. Women 2. Head Residents. Miss Fifer, 1907-1908; Helene Taylor, 1908-1910; Genevieve Ross, 1910-. CHICAGO GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY The Social Settlement. The New Order (Chicago), i : 3 (Apr. 26, 1894) — Ely, Robert E.: Social Settlements in Chicago. Prospect Union Rev., i, No. 3 (Apr. 18, 1894) — Stone, Melville E.: The Higher Life of Chicago. Outlook, Feb. 22, 1896 — Embree, F. B.: Social Settlements in Chicago. Guntoris M., xix : 452 (1906) — Waterman, Hale: Glimpses of Chicago’s Social Settlements. Pilgrim, July, 1901 — Head, Katharine: Chicago Settlements. For the Settlement Committee of the Chicago Woman’s Club. Reprinted from Commons for Jan., 1902. With list of federated settlements and bibliog- raphy — Chicago’s Park Commission on River Ward Conditions. Extracts from report of secretary of commission, Mr. Arthur O’Neill (Northwestern University Settlement, Henry Booth House, Hull House). Commons, vii, No. 71 (June, 1902) — Chicago Settlements Against the Dance Halls. Commons, viii, No. 81 (Apr., 1903) — Riley, Thos. J.: The Higher Life of Chicago (Chapter vi, on Social Settlements, Table II, Appendix), University of Chicago Press, 1905 — Social Settlements in Chicago. Congre- gationalist, Dec. 24, 1906 — Addams, Jane: Social Settlements in Illinois. In Transac- tions of the Illinois Historical Society. Publication xi of the State Historical Library, 1906. The Association of Neighborhood Workers (A League for Progressive Legislation and Civic Progress) Organized May 13, 1908. Aims “to secure data in support of needed legislation and the enforcement of existing law; and with these ends in view to secure more effective co-operation among those who are working for neighbor- hood and civic improvement, and to promote movements for social progress.” The association has standing committees on legislation, tenement houses, educa- tion, membership, local industrial conditions, public health, and publicity. The 3738 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS council, of the association is composed of the officers and the chairmen of the standing committees. The constitution calls for meetings “on the first Saturday of each month from October to June inclusive.” President. George E. Hooker, Hull-House. The association continues the work of the Federation of Social Settlements in Chi- cago, which was organized October 7, 1894, at Hull House, by representatives from Hull House, Northwestern University Settlement, Maxwell Street Settlement, University of Chicago Settlement, Epworth House, and Chicago Commons. The federation met on an average of three times a year. The meetings were held first at the various settlements and later at Hull House, and were frequently preceded by a supper. Activities. The meetings of the federation took the form of conferences on various aspects of settlement and social work. Among topics discussed were: The Relation of Settlements to Municipal Politics; Vacation Work; Co-opera- tion Between Settlements and the Neighborhood Centers and Small Parks; Re- lation of the Settlement to School Extension; Attitude of the Settlement Toward Radicalism, etc. Committees were frequently appointed to investigate and re- port concerning matters of interest to the federation, among such being Com- mittee to Suggest Concerted Effort for Better Municipal Conditions, Committee on Free Lectures in the Public Schools, etc. The first piece of work undertaken by the federation was the appointment of a committee “to prepare a blank form for the uniform tabulation of social statistics gathered by settlements.” During the early years much attention was given to problems of relief and several special committees were appointed and a conference called to devise ways of meeting the need or to stimulate other agencies to greater activity. A committee studied the lodging house situation and had a part in securing the establishment of a municipal lodging house. For several years a large committee arranged special musical programs for the houses of the federation. In 1902-3 the federation undertook the study of conditions among children engaged in street trades. In 1906 it registered its opposition to the immigration restriction measures then before Congress. While the federation undertook little in the way of concerted action, its deliberations sometimes laid the foundations of policy and offered easy opportu- nity for that intersettlement co-operation which made possible some of the best civic work of the Chicago houses. (See civic work of individual settlements.) Literature. Meetings of the Federation reported in The Commons, Apr., 1896; Feb., 1897, p. 7; June, 1897; Nov., 1897, pp. 5-6; Feb., 1898; May, 1898, p. 7; Oct., 1898; May, 1899. Archer Road Settlement (Formerly Francis E. Clark Settlement, 1903-1910) 250 West Twenty-second Street (1909-) Established February 23, 1903, by Charles W. Espey and Will La Favor, “to furnish Christian example and educational and industrial opportunities.” “Residents of the settlement live among the people of this neighborhood in aILLINOIS 39 neighborly and friendly manner, and try to render any and every service needed, keeping in mind the ideal that all shall ‘work together for the common good.’ Therefore, the range of settlement work is as wide as life itself. It may take the form of providing an outing for the factory girl, or the rescue of a dying baby; teaching a boy of the street how to make a clay jar, or finding a job for his father; bringing of supplies to the destitute, or furnishing an evening of music and social pleasure.” Maintained by contributions from church and Christian Endeavor societies and others interested. Neighborhood. An industrial residential quarter. "The frame cottages of earlier days, built upon twenty-five foot lots, not only furnish homes for two families, but in- variably the rear of each lot is covered with a second building which makes homes for two additional families. In the north half of the eleven hundred lots of this sub-division, known as Archer’s Addition, an average of three families may be found on each lot; the usual number of adults is from eight to ten, while the average of children is from ten to twelve; in the entire district there are approximately three thousand families; seven thousand adults, and six thousand children. Germans, Italians, Greeks, Croatians, Bohemians and Irish are all found.” Activities. Various efforts to better sanitary and civic conditions. The head resident has interested himself in the political life of the district and carried on two unsuccessful but educational ward campaigns. Publishes By Archer Road, a monthly magazine. Maintains kindergarten; sewing school and music classes for girls; games and pottery work for boys; an open house for working men of the neighborhood; and a woman’s club. Classes in rhythm and dancing, singing; story hours, socials, entertainments, etc. Summer Work.—District work with the Milk and Baby Hygiene Committee; picnics, excursions, etc. Former Locations. 2014 Archer Ave., 1903-1907; 358 East Twenty-second St., June, 1907-1909. Residents. Women 5, men 2. Volunteers. Women 5, men 4. Head Resi- dent. Charles W. Espey, 1903-1910. Will G. La Favor, 1910-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Year Book, 1909 — Articles in By Archer Road. (History of work in March, 1909. Espey, Evelyn Boylan: A Venture in Philanthropy.) See also: By Archer Road. (Edited by Charles W. and Evelyn B. Espey.) i, No. 1 (May, 1906); ii, No. 1; iii, No. 1; iv, No. 1; v, No. 1 (Oct., 1910). Charles Sumner Settlement 1951 Fulton Street Established October, 1908, by the Very Rev. Dean W. T. Sumner of the Cathedral (Episcopal) and the Hon. Frank K. Sadler, judge of the Chicago municipal courts, “to provide a place of recreation and congregation for the Negroes on the West Side.” Neighborhood. A colored tenement section. Maintains dispensary (two colored physicians); day nursery; playground; boys* military company; boys’ game room; classes in millinery, dressmaking, sewing, music; girls’ club; some relief and much informal friendliness; summer outings for the clubs40 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Head Workers. Miss Pickett, Oct., 1908-May, 1909; (Mrs.) Mabel Gayton, May, 1909-. Volunteers. Women 12, men 6. Literature. Annual report and general yearly statement of activities. Chicago Commons 955 Grand Avenue, corner Morgan Street (1900-). Summer Camp, Camp Commons, Elgin, Ill. Established May 1, 1894, by Graham Taylor, with three students, Herman F. Hegner, Otis H. Holmes and E. L. Reed, in the rented rooms of a private family at 124 West Erie Street. October 1, 1894, Mr. Taylor personally leased the stranded old family residence at 140 N. Union Street, and eight men and four women established residence. In June, 1895, Professor Taylor and his family entered upon residence. The settlement was early defined as “the home of a group of persons blessed with more or less of the privileges which the world calls culture, who choose to live where they seem to be most needed.’’ Chicago Commons Association was organized and incorporated in 1895, “to provide a center for a higher civic and social life, to initiate and maintain religious, edu- cational, and philanthropic enterprises, and to investigate and improve condi- tions in the industrial districts of Chicago.” Maintained by individual contributions, by the co-operation of the neigh- bors using the house (averages $1,400 a year), and by the income from a small endowment fund. Neighborhood. "The racial transformation from the northern to the southern Europeans, which has been steadily progressing for several years, so suddenly increased in pace and volume within the past four years as to bring an acute crisis to the work. Fam- ilies which had always been stand-bys in the neighborhood and at the house, moved away by the score. Members who had been the main dependence in our clubs and in neighbor- hood organizations centering at the house or elsewhere, scattered so widely that they could no longer attend, although many struggled long and hard to do so. Whole clubs were obliged to transfer their meeting place to centers nearer their new homes far to the west. Their space was taken by societies of immigrants, all of whose members in some instances had emigrated from some one town in their fatherland across the seas. Thus a neighbor- hood fellowship of Italians transplanted itself from Brindisi in Italy to the 17th Ward of Chicago and under the roof of Chicago Commons. But these transplanted village or town neighborships cannot long survive the irresistible tendency of casual employment to scatter such groups. In the place of every German, Scandinavian and Irish family re- moving, immigrant families still stranger to our American life and conditions arrive. Like the surf upon the sand, each new wave of immigration from southern Italy, Sicily, Poland, Armenia and Greece, breaks over us here, where twenty-four or more nationalities meet and try to live and work together."—Chicago Commons, 1894-1910. Activities. I. Efforts to Better District Conditions, (i) Hous- ing.—Efforts to promote better housing conditions by personal influence with neighbors and landlords in their homes and in club or public meetings; by pub- lishing articles in the settlement literature and the city press; and chiefly by co- operation with the city health department, the City Homes Association, and with the Chicago School of Civics and Philanthropy, which is now (1910) conductingILLINOIS 41 an investigation of housing conditions at the request of the commissioner of health, and under the auspices of the Russell Sage Foundation. (2) Streets and Refuse.—Co-operation with the street cleaning department and the ward superintendent was begun by having a resident serve as inspector under commission from the city. Efforts to secure better paving, lighting and sanitary service in co-operation with the aldermen of the ward and through committees of the Woman’s Club and the Chicago Commons Council. (3) Health.—One of the principal centers used by the Visiting Nurse Asso- ciation, the Tuberculosis Institute, the milk commission, the commissioner of health, and various medical charities. In the summer of 1910, the entire third floor of the Chicago Commons building was placed at the disposal of the Infant Welfare committee, in which the commissioner of health joined with the United Charities to reduce the excessive infant death rate by maintaining a Fresh Air station for sick babies, with nurses and physicians in attendance. (4) Baths.—The few shower baths and tubs which for years were the only bathing facilities open to the public, are now superseded by bath rooms in public schools, a municipal bath house, and the showers and swimming pool at West Park, Number One. (5) Play Spaces.—Opened the first and for many years the only playground in its ward, on two building lots rented for the purpose, which helped lead the way to Chicago’s unparalleled playground development. A playground of nine acres with one of the best field houses in the city is now located in the ward, but nearly a mile from the settlement. Half the block on which the Commons’ little playground was located is now occupied by a public playground maintained by the special park commission of the city of Chicago, on which the warden served for three years. The secretary of the Playground Association of Chicago is a resident. (6) Public Schools.—Worked to secure better school buildings and facilities for the neighborhood. The fine new Washington School building opposite the settlement is one of the best in the city, providing not only modern equipment for school purposes, and for the large adult night school, but also fine facilities for neighborhood center work, which has recently been authorized by the board of education. The settlement conducts a study hour for school children and pays especial attention to such as are backward. The Pestalozzi-Froebel Kinder- garten and Training School at Chicago Commons demonstrated the need of kindergartens in the public schools of the district, where it was the only one for years. It still thrives after every school building has a kindergarten holding two sessions daily. (7) Public Library.—For several years the only center for library extension in its part of the city. Since 1906, Professor Taylor has been on the board of directors of the Chicago Public Library, and as chairman of the Committee on Branches has promoted library extension throughout the city in opening reading rooms and circulating branches in field houses at the public playgrounds and recreation centers, and in public school buildings. A delivery station is located at the house.42 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS (8) Labor.—Chicago Commons has always stood openly for industrial justice both to employers and employes; has sought by conferences and individ- ual effort to improve the relations between them; and has endeavored to better industrial conditions through organization, agitation, education, publication and legislation. Liberty of thought and freedom of speech have steadily been maintained, not only on the Commons “free floor’* (1896-1903) but also in articles contributed from the settlement to The Commons, Charities and the Com- mons, The Survey, and to labor papers, employers’ periodicals, the religious press and the Chicago daily papers. The warden has many times acted on boards of arbitration for the settlement of industrial differences, but always as third ar- bitrator and only at the invitation of both parties to the dispute. He took part in the settlement of the building trades lockout of 1900 and the teamsters’ strike of 1905. By appointment of the governor he served on two commissions author- ized by the legislature, one to draft the present law for protection from dangerous machinery, enacted in 1907, and the other, the Mining Investigating Commis- sion, to protect life and conserve the coal deposits in the-mining industry of Illinois. This commission’s bill for protection from fire in mines was enacted after the great disaster at the St. Paul Coal Mine in Cherry, Illinois, where Mr. Taylor served with the commission in investigating and relieving the conditions at the time of the catastrophe. (9) Politics.—After two years of acquaintanceship with political conditions and those responsible for them, a non-partisan political club was organized at Chicago Commons, called at first the 17th Ward Civic Federation, and latterly the 17th Ward Community Club. In co-operation with, but independent of, the Municipal Voters League, on the executive committee of which Mr. Taylor has served for fifteen years, this independent ward club has helped swing the balance of power between parties, and chiefly within party lines; and has been able to elect a reputable and capable alderman in eleven of the past twelve aldermanic elections. In 1902 an independent was elected to the legislature in a notoriously corrupt senatorial district. The house is still a center for the desperate effort to rescue legislative politics from the shame to which it has subjected the state for many years. The county judge connected with the election commissioners’ office publicly gave credit to the Chicago Commons ward as one in which the election laws were known and obeyed better than almost anywhere else in the city. This may be due in part to the sentence of two clerks of election to a term in state prison for altering a precinct vote. The wrong was righted by seating the independent who thus had been counted out. Since that time fraud and violence have been banished from the polling places, and the “solid” voting by nationalities has been split up between the parties by the assurance of safety at the polls. The corruption and inefficiency of the police department was vigor- ously and publicly attacked from Chicago Commons for several years, until the discipline and law enforcement under the present superintendency radically changed for the better. The warden is now serving on the vice commission authorized by the city council and appointed by the mayor, to advise the ad- ministration as to a public policy relative to the social evil.ILLINOIS 43 (io) Public Service.—Herman F. Hegner: ward inspector of streets and alleys (1895-1897). Robert E. Todd: ward inspector of streets and alleys (1897-1899). Ida E. Hegner, Marian Cookingham, and Helen D. Taylor: public school teachers (1894-1903). John Palmer Gavit: organizer of public playground work in school yards; chairman of volunteer committee in co-opera- tion with board of education (1898). Raymond Robins: first superintendent of municipal lodging house (1901-1904). Henry F. Burt: probation officer, juvenile court (1903-1906). Charles Burt: probation officer, juvenile court (1904-1905). James Mullenbach: superintendent of municipal lodging house (1903-1909). Allen F. Burns: city council's commission on building code, tene- ment house division (1908-1909); advisory board of Municipal Voters League, member of committee on industrial exhibit. Graham Romeyn Taylor: special agent, United States Census Bureau, acting as chief of inspectors under the supervisor for Chicago and vicinity (1910). J. DuBois Hunder: precinct judge of the election (1908); census inspector (1910). Graham Taylor: special park commission (1903-1906); director Chicago Public Library (1906 ff.); Chicago Plan Commission (1909 ff.); Illinois Industrial Commission to protect the health, safety and comfort of employes (1908-1909); advisory committee to the Cook County board of commissioners (1909 ff.); Illinois Mining Investigating Com- mission (1909 ff.); Chicago Vice Commission (1910 ff.); precinct judge of elec- tion (1911). II. General Propaganda.—Chicago Commons has most effectively promoted public education. For several years (1896-1903) it maintained a “free floor" discussion, at a time when there was little opportunity or toleration for free speech in Chicago, which was discontinued only after it had completed its mission, and when it had opened the way to organize for constructive work in politics and civic betterment. Training for citizenship, both indirectly and by direct educational effort, is recognized to be the most imperative obligation and opportunity of Chicago Commons. The ministry of interpretation thus begun, was more widely continued by Tbe Commons, a monthly magazine, founded and edited by John Palmer Gavit, 1897-1899, and continued by Graham Taylor, Graham Romeyn Taylor and Edwin Balmer, 1899-1905. Since Tbe Commons was combined with Charities, under the titles Charities and The Commons, 1905- 1909, and The Survey, 1909 ff., Professor Taylor has served as Associate Editor and Graham Romeyn Taylor as a member of the staff with headquarters in Chicago. Professor Taylor has also contributed a weekly editorial under his own name in the Saturday evening Chicago Daily News since 1902, devoted to interpreting industrial, civic, social, economic and political conditions and move- ments from the settlement point of view. For four years (1896-1900) economic conferences were conducted at Chicago Commons and also in co-operation with Hull-House. Chicago Commons has maintained dose relations with universities and professional schools. Chicago Theological Seminary, in the faculty of which the warden has served as professor of social economics since 1892, has utilized the settlement in the training of its students for the ministry. The University of44 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Michigan for eight years (1897-1905) was represented in the summer work of the settlement by a Fellow appointed by the department of sociology. Auburn Theological Seminary has for six years (1905 ff.) maintained a summer fellow- ship. Classes from the University of Wisconsin, the Lutheran Evangelical Theological Seminary, the University of Chicago, Beloit College, and lay train- ing schools located in Chicago, frequently visit the house to inspect the work and to receive its interpretation of life. A principal outgrowth of the Commons is the Chicago School of Civics and Philanthropy, founded (1903) by Professor Taylor who has continued to be its president. For four years the school was conducted by the settlement with the co-operation of President Harper and some of the professors of the extension division of the University of Chicago. In 1908 it was incorporated as an inde- pendent school. In the founding and development of the school Chicago Commons and Hull-House have taken the initiative, Julia C. Lathrop acting as vice president, Jane Addams as associate director of research work, Sophonisba P. Breckinridge and Edith Abbott as directors, Grace Abbott and Victor von Borosini serving on the staff of lecturers. Other Chicago settlements furnish special lecturers. During seven years the school has enrolled for one or more terms of training in civic, social and philanthropic work, 929 students. The Commons furnishes temporary residence to many students of the school. Maintains day nursery; kindergarten; milk station; penny savings bank; clubs for children beginning with kindergarten age, for boys, for girls, for young people, men and women, with social, civic, political, domestic, musical, athletic, dramatic, and co-operative interests; department of household arts, with classes for children and adults in cooking, housekeeping, laundry, sewing, embroidery, dressmaking, millinery, home nursing, home sanitation, and household furnishings; manual training and arts and crafts; classes in woodwork, reed, bent iron, hammered copper and brass, etching, clay, leather, printing, bookbinding, drawing, sketching, photography, painting, rugweaving, stencilling; gym- nasium work for boys, girls, young men and women in physical culture, apparatus work, folk-dancing, gymnastic dancing, games and athletic events; music lessons in voice, piano, violin, mandolin, musical history club; girls’ glee club; choruses for boys and for girls; study hour for school children; lessons in English and citizenship for foreigners; pleasant Sunday afternoon gathering; concerts; stereopticon lectures, entertainments, plays; council of delegates from clubs. Besides these activities, Chicago Commons is the meeting place of the Pestalozzi-Froebel Kindergarten Training School; the Tabernacle Congrega- tional Church; a Greek Protestant Church; Greek orthodox church service; the Arme- nian Religious Society; Armenian political and educational societies; the Catholic Order of Foresters; La Giovane Puglia; Arts and Professions Society (Italian); the Carbonieri (Italian); and occasional meetings of many other societies. Summer IVork.—Day picnics and excursions; sending children and mothers for two weeks* country outings; baby- saving work and home visiting and instruction; camp for boys, girls and young people. Former Locations. 124 West Erie St., May i-October 1, 1894; 140 North Union St., 1894-1900. Residents. Men 8, women 15. Volunteers. Women 85, men 8. Warden. Graham Taylor, May, 1894- Literature. I. Authorized Articles. The Commons. Frequent articles and state- ment concerning the work of the settlement were published in the columns of the paper.ILLINOIS 45 Report, March, 1899 — Chicago Commons. A Social Center for Civic Co-operation, Dec., 1904 — Occasional publications known as Chicago Commons News Letter, No. 1, Autumn, 1905; No. 2, Winter, 1905-6; No. 3, Summer, 1906; No. 4, Autumn, 1906; No. 5, Spring, 1907; No. 6, Autumn, 1908 — Chicago Commons Council, published bi- weekly (afterwards monthly). See 1, No. 1 (Nov. 8, 1909). See also: Chicago Theological Seminary Year Book, 1895 ff. — Chicago Commons, Cbar. Rev., iv : 102-3 (Dec., 1894) — West, Max: Chicago Commons and Its Summer School. Altruistic Rev., Oct., 1895 — Davis, George T. B.: A Christian Social Settlement. An interview with Professor Graham Taylor. Ram*s Horn, Chicago, July 10, 1897 — Alden, Percy: Graham Taylor, An Appreciation. Commons (Chicago), Aug., 1897 — Griswold, Hattie Tyng: Do You Know About This? Universalist Leader, Aug. 25, 1900 — Chicago Commons. Charities, viii : 474 (1902) — Story of Chicago Commons. CongreRationalist and Christian World, July 5, 1902 — Parsons, Eugene: Chicago Commons. World To-day, Jan., 1904 — Gra- ham Taylor. Chautauquan, xxxviii : 89 (Feb., 1904) — Report of Industrial Commis- sion. Illinois Bureau of Labor Statistics. Report of 46th General Assembly, 1909. II. Articles on the Settlement by Residents. Burt, Henry F. (Director of Boys’ Work): Simplicity in Settlement Camps. Commons, viii, No. 87 (Oct., 1903). The Settlement Boys’ Club and the Home. How to Help Boys, ii, No. 1 (Jan., 1902). The Children’s Church. American Weekly, Oct. 23, 1902 — Gavit, John P.: The Story of a Settlement. Treasury (New York), July, 1897. Chicago Commons, A Christian Settle- ment. Our Day (Chicago), Feb., 1897. Missions and Settlements. Commons, Feb., 1898. The Church and the Settlement. Commons, May, 1898. Story of Chicago Commons. Commons, Nov., 1898 — Hegner, Herman F.: Education at Chicago Commons. Out- look (New York), Aug. 31, 1895. Scientific Value of Social Settlements. Amer. Journ. of Sociol., iii : 171-82 (Sept., 1902) — Taylor, Graham: The Chicago Seminary Settlement. Advance (Chicago), Oct. 11, 1894. A Social Center for Civic Co-operation. Commons, Dec., 1904, pp. 585-594. Academic Clinics Furnished by Settlements. Commons, x : 201 (Apr., 1905). III. Articles and Social Studies by Residents. Burns, Allen: Relation of Playgrounds to Juvenile Delinquency. Char, and Commons, xxi : 25-31 (Oct. 3, 1908) — Clarke, Edith I.: The Juvenile Court of Chicago. Commons, Oct., 1900. Juvenile De- linquents and Dependents. Commons, Feb., 1901 — Gavit, John P.: Rural Socia Settlements. Commons May 1899. The Appeal of the Cross-Roads, Commons, Jan., 1900 — Jerome, Amalie Hofer: Foreign Festivals in Chicago. Playground Ass’n. of America, Annual Report, 1908. Folk Dancing in Playgrounds. Playground Ass’n. of America, Annual Report, 1909. Playgrounds as Social Centers. Ann. Amer. Acad, of Pol. and Soc. Sci., 1910 — Melendy. Royal A.: Ethical Aspects of the Saloon. In Ethical Aspects of the Liquor Problem. Boston, Houghton Mifflin and Co. The Saloon in Chi- cago. Amer. Journ. of Sociol, Nov., 1900, and Feb., 1901 Social Function of the Saloon in Chicago. Commons, Nov., 1900 — Palmer Gertrude E : Earnings, Spendings and Savings of School Children. Commons, viii No. 83 (June, 1903' — Taylor Graham: The Social Settlement and the Labor Movement. In Proceedings of the Twenty-third National Conference of Charities and Correction, 1896. College, Social and University Settlements in Political Economy, Political Science and Sociology. Prepared for the University Associa- tion, Chicago. Labor and Trade. Commons, January-April, 1899 An Aspect of the Housing Problem. Commons. Mar., 1900. The Relation of Settlements to Politics. Re- printed from The Neighbor. Commons, vii, No. 74 (Sept., 1902). Socia Functions of the Church. Amer. Jour, of Sociol., v : 305-21 (Nov., 1902). The Civic Function of the City Church. Chautauquan, xxxvi : 274-278 (1902). English Settlements Federated. Com-46 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS mons, viii, No. 86 (Sept., 1903). View points of Labor Abroad. Commons, viii, No. 87 (Oct., 1903). Social Conference of the Friends in England. Commons, viii, No. 88 (Nov., 1903). After Trades Unions, What? Commons, ix : 105-8 (April, 1904). Movement for Social Training. Commons, ix : 18-19 (Jan., 1894), 95 (Mar., 1894), 430 (Sept., 1904). Social Tendencies of the Industrial Revolution. Commons, Oct.* 1904, pp. 459-468, and Congress of Arts and Science, Universal Exposition, St. Louis, 1904, Vol. vii, p. 682. Boston, Houghton, Mifflin and Co. Congregationalism and Social Reform. The New Encyclopaedia of Social Reform, p. 272. Industry and Religion, Their Common Ground and Interdependence. Merrick Lectures. The Social Application of Religion, Jennings and Graham, 1907. Organized Charity-and Organized Labor. Commons, x : 549-552 (Oct., 1905). Settlement Neighborhood Stories. Commons, x : 579-580 (Oct., 1905). Whither the Settlement Movement Tends. Char. and Commons, xv : 840-844 (Mar. 3, 1906) . Religious Education and Social Duty. Char, and Commons, xxi : 996-998 (Feb. 20, 1909). Preparing for Peace. Survey, xxii: 275-276 (May 22, 1909). Industrial Basis for International Peace. Survey, xxii: 353-354 (June 5, 1909). The Social Advance of the Churches. Survey, xxii: 851-855 (Sept. 25, 1909). A Mine Test of Civilization. Survey, xxiii: 297-304 (Dec. 4, 1909). Ella Flagg Young. Survey, xxiv : 619-621 (July 23, 1910). Science of Relief in Mine Disasters. Survey, xxiv : 833-837 (Sept. 10, 1910). Recent Advances Against the Social Evil in New York. Survey, xxiv : 858-861 (Sept. 17, 1910). Industrial Survey of the Month in magazine numbers of Charities and The Com- mons, and The Survey since 1905. Common Welfare Notes on subjects of current social interest in Char, and The Commons, and The Survey since 1905. Weekly articles on subjects of current social interest printed on the editorial page of the Chicago Daily News each Saturday, since November, 1902. The Neighborhood and the Municipal- ity. Proceedings Nat'l Conf, of Char, and Corr., p. 156 (1909) — Taylor, Graham Romeyn: Private Profit by Legislation. Commons, ix : 126-129 (Apr., 1904). Concilia- tion Winning Its Way. Commons, ix : 479-486 (Oct., 1904). The Illinois Conference of Charities and Correction. Char, and Commons, xv .’206-208 (Nov. 11, 1905). Chicago Settlements in Ward Politics. Char, and Commons, xvi: 183-185 (May 5, 1906). Going the Juvenile Court One Better. Char, and Commons, xvi: 374-376 (June 16, 1906). The Chicago Conference on Truancy. Char, and Commons, xvii: 536-542 (Dec. 22, 1906). The Man Who Throws the Switch. Char, and Commons, xvii : 807-810 (Feb. 2, 1907). The Chicago Industrial Exhibit. Char, and Commons, xviii: 39-45 (Apr., 1907). How They Played at Chicago. Char, and Commons, xviii : 471-480 (Aug. 3, 1907). The Con- gress of the American Prison Association. Char, and Commons, xviii: 754-763 (Sept. 28, 1907) . The New Chicago. Char, and Commons, xix : 1551-1556 (Feb. 1, 1908). In- dustrial Education and National Prosperity. Char, and Commons, xix : 1579^1584 (Feb. 8, 1908) . The Chicago Play Festival. Char, and Commons, xx : 539~545 (Aug. 1, 1908). Creating the Newest Steel City. Survey, xxii : 20-36 (Apr. 3, 1909). Ten Thousand at Play. Survey, xxii: 365-373 (June 5, 1909). The Cincinnati Civic Convention. Survey, xxiii: 321-328 (Dec. 4, 1909). The National Conference at St. Louis. Survey, xxiv : 435- 441 (June 11, 1910). City Neighbors at Play. Survey, xxiv : 548-559 (July 2, 1910). Social Settlements and Their Work with Children. Chautauquan, June, 1906. Recreation Centers. The New Encyclopaedia of Social Reform, p. 1051. The Chicago Play Centers Nat'l Conf, of Char, and Corr.,. Buffalo, 1909. Recreation Developments in Chicago Parks. Ann. Amer. Acad, of Pol. and Soc. Set., March, 1910.ILLINOIS 47 Eli Bates House (Formerly Unity Settlement and Elm Street Settlement) 621 Elm Street Established November, 1895, under the auspices of Unity Church, Chicago, as the outgrowth of an industrial school for girls begun in 1876. In- corporated 1900, “to encourage a higher civic and social life on the North Side and to maintain the center of educational and philanthropic work already estab- lished by the Elm Street Settlement.” Maintained by voluntary contributions. Neighborhood. A mixed factory and tenement quarter. The neighbors, one time Irish and Swedes, are largely Italians. Maintains day nursery, kindergarten, library, gymnasium and athletics for men and boys; classes in English for Italians; domestic science classes for women and girls; sewing, cooking, music (vocal and piano, chorus); elocution; game room; clubs for women and children; men’s clubs; two boys’ clubs; alsp an Italian family club attended by men, women and children. Summer Work.—Milk and baby hygiene in co-operation with Chicago Woman’s Club; vacations in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies. Residents. Women 7, men 3. Volunteers. Women 30, men 5. Head Residents. (Mrs.) Helen Campbell, 1895-June, 1896; Ellen Snyder, 1896-1899; (Mrs.) Nina Rutherford, 1899-1902; Leonora Morse, 1902-1908; (Mrs.) Alice Holt Palmer, 1908-. Literature. I. Authorized Statements. Circulars issued by settlement. See also: Elm Street Settlement. Co-operation, v : 19 (May 13, 1905). — By Archer Road, iii, No. 7 (Apr., 1909). II. Articles and Social Studies by Residents. Campbell, Helen: The Social Settlement and the Civic Sense. Arena, xx : 589-603. Emanuel Settlement 2732 Armour Avenue (1908-) Established October, 1908, by Mrs. Fannie Emanuel, “to inspire higher ideals of manhood and womanhood, to purify the social condition, and to en- courage thrift and neighborhood pride, and good citizenship.” Neighborhood. 0 Congested district of colored people, known as the 'black belt.’ There are a few whites that live in the neighborhood and attend our classes. We bar no one, although our work is chiefly among colored people.” Maintains kindergarten; relief; cooking and sewing classes; boys’ and girls* club; free dental clinic; employment bureau; domestic science class for adults. "Through this department we help people to help themselves by securing work and fitting them for it.” Residents. Women 2. Volunteers. Women 2, men 1. Head Resident. (Mrs.) Fannie Emanuel, 1908-. The Esther Falkenstein Settlement (Formerly the Settlement House of Armitage Avenue) 1917 North Humboldt Street (1908-) Established August, 1900, by Mrs. Esther Falkenstein, who opened her home to her neighbors and formed reading clubs, classes in basketry, sloyd,48 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Shakespeare, etc., for women and children. Aims “to improve the neighborhood through supplying educational and social advantages.” Maintained by club dues, entertainments and subscriptions. Neighborhood. A district of small cottage houses. But there are many saloons and dance halls, and great need of social and industrial education. Maintains day nursery; woman’s club; classes in cooking, sloyd, music; social clubs for young people and children. The hall is used by neighborhood organizations as a meeting place. Lectures, socials, entertainments, etc. Informal relief work. Summer Work.—Open house; milk and baby hygiene work; children’s gardens; vacations in co- operation with Fresh Air societies. Former Locations. 782 N. Washtenaw Ave., August, 1900-1902; 783 Armitage Ave., May, 1902-Jan., 1908. Residents. Women 2, men 1. Head Resident. Esther Falkenstein (Mrs. Her- man), 1900-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Several leaflets (undated) — Just Neigh- bors, i, No. 1 (Aug., 1908). Contains history of the work. See also: Community College, The Neighbor, Apr., 1900. Fellowship House (Formerly Helen Heath House) 831 West Thirty-third Place Established October, 1893, under the direction of a committee of All Souls’ Church (Independent Unitarian), as a memorial to Mrs. Helen Heath “to serve as a center of neighborly helpfulness.” In June, 1904, the church withdrew its support to concentrate its work at the Lincoln Center. The set- tlement was continued by the old workers, under .the new name of Fellowship House. Supported by subscriptions. Neighborhood. “The neighborhood has changed in the twenty years from a solid German home-owning cottage quarter to a mixed and more or less changing class,—but Lithuanians steadily increasing. Intemperance is our worst enemy, and congested homes because of * taking boarders.”’ Activities. The kindergarten started by the settlement has been taken over by the public school; and the various dubs have been instrumental in se- curing the planting of trees on the street, and have carried on a campaign for a better city service in removing refuse. The head worker is a member of the Chicago public school extension com- mittee, chairman of the playground committee of same board; board member of the Playground Association of Chicago; active in City-Wide Play Festivals; president Chicago Guild of Play; Chicago Woman’s Club representative on the civics committee of that club; lecturer in Kindergarten Training School, etc. Maintains library; sewing school; cooking classes; women’s club; athletic and social clubs for men and boys, girls and children. The nearby Mark White civic center is used by the clubs for play, gymnastic events, dances and lectures. Several independent Lithuanian societies for music, education, benefit, etc., meet in the house. Summer Work. —Milk and baby hygiene work; excursions and picnics; vacations in co-operation with Fresh Air societies.ILLINOIS 49 Former Locations. 869 Thirty-third Court, and residence at 5301 Halsted St., 1897. Head Residents. Dr. Lorinda Brown, 1895-Sept., 1898; Marion H. Perkins, 1898-1910; (Mrs.) Amalie Hofer Jerome, 1910-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Yearbooks* of AH Souls* Church — Report, January, 1909. See also: Fellowship House. By Archer Road, Jan., 1909 — Twenty-fifth Annual of All Souls’ Church, p. 19 (History of work) — Social Worker in West Park, No. 3. Report of Chicago School Extension Committee, 1910. The Forward Movement (Formerly Epworth House) Monroe and Loomis Streets (1909-). Summer Plant, Forward Movement, Park, Saugatuck, Mich. Established March 1, 1893, by Rev. George W. Gray under the auspices of the Methodist Episcopal Church as a department of the “Forward Move- ment” which purposes “to study and improve the social, industrial and spiritual condition of the people in the congested districts of Chicago and other cities.” The settlement aims “to maintain an institution, unique in character and based on modern views of education, having as its purpose the development of moral character. It endeavors: first, to train through industrial activities the struggling boys and girls who are handicapped by unfortunate circumstances and tendencies to find their place in the busy world of work; second, to establish, if possible, such a relation between the chosen activity and the formation of character that the former will almost certainly secure the latter; third, to secure an active recognition of social contact, as a means for the betterment of society through the ministry of helpfulness.” Became undenominational and indepen- dent in May, 1896. Incorporated June 6, 1896. Neighborhood. “Formerly an aristocratic part of the West Side surrounding Jefferson Park. Now made up of boarding and rooming houses where many families cook, eat and sleep in one or two rooms. People almost all Americans. There are still a few well-to-do families living in the neighborhood. Factories are coming in, especially around the park. The factories find that they can get help to be more permanent if the factory fronts on a park, showing that small parks of one block where a good many fac- tories can be located around them and fronting on them are economic considerations.” Maintains “kindergarten; library; music, instrumental and vocal; clubs for women, young mothers, young ladies, girls and children; clubs for young men, youths and boys; entertainments; lectures, socials and neighborhood visitations. Special interest taken in public schools, seeking to socialize them as far as possible. In 1897 turned over kindergarten with an enrollment of 200, large cooking and sewing school, etc., to public school. A building was erected on Harrison between Halsted and Desplaines Streets especially for that purpose, which has proven a great success. At present working on the problem of introducing moral and religious training into the public schools. The law passed 1909 by the Illinois legislature on moral training furnishes increased opportunity for pressing the matter.” Summer Work.—The Forward Movement maintains Forward Movement Park, a permanent camp of 125 acres of improved property, furnishing vaca- tions at varying costs to meet individual needs. Special vacation privileges for deaf, 550 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS crippled and blind children, cared for in groups. In addition to the natural resources of the Park, summer schools in nature study, music, sketching, applied design, and school of expression are maintained. Daily attendance for three months, 250. Former Locations. 210 South Halsted St., 1893; 49 Pearce St., 1894; 219-221 S. Sangamon St., Fall, 1896-1901; 225-227 West Harrison St., 1897; 305 West Van Buren St., 1901-1909. Residents. Women 3, men 7. Volunteers. Women 20, men 10. Head Resident. Mary E. Dix, 1894-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Circulars and bulletins of the Forward Movement — Forward Movement Magazine, issued quarterly. See i, No. 1 (Jan. 15, 1899); ii, No. 1 (Mar. 1, 1900); iii, No. 1 (Apr., 1901) — Forward Movement Record. Address George W. Gray, D.D. Frederick Douglas Center 3032 Wabash Avenue (1904-) Established April 26, 1904, by Celia Parker Woolley, “to promote a just and amicable relation between the white and colored people; to remove the dis- abilities from which the latter suffer in civic, political and industrial life; to encourage equal opportunity, irrespective of race, color or other arbitrary dis- tinctions; to establish a center of friendly helpfulness and influence, in which to gather needful information and for mutual co-operation to the ends of right living and a higher citizenship.”—Second By-Law. Maintained by subscrip- tions. Neighborhood. Mainly a colored quarter, which contains the largest part of the colored population in the city. Activities. A center to bring together whites and colored, so promoting mutual understanding and laying the basis of a growing co-operation for useful ends; and uniting for harmonious action the various elements among the colored in the city. Investigates examples of unjust public prejudice, and either pub- licly or through private efforts seeks to set in motion counteracting influences. Endeavors to stimulate the colored people to better racial organization for self- help, mutual service and more effective citizenship. Works for better sanitary and housing conditions in co-operation with the public authorities. Maintains library and reading rooms; classes in sewing and cooking; athletic association of young men; boys’ club, women’s club, etc.; Sunday afternoon meetings addressed by well known men and women of both races. Meeting place for many in- dependent organizations. Summer Work.—A playground maintained in co-operation with the city; summer industrial work; picnics and excursions; meetings of colored students in the University. Residents. Women 2, men 1. Head Resident. (Mrs.) Celia Parker Woolley, 1894- Literature. Authorized Statements. Frederick Douglas Center. Pamphlet (undated) — Fall Calendar, 1907 — Annual Report, May, 1908 — Several Broad- sides — Report, October, 1909 — Report, October, 1910 — See also: The Frederick Douglas Center, Chicago. Commons, ix : 328 (July, 1904) — Charities, xii : 741 (July 16, 1904) — New Settlement for Colored People. Co-operation (Chicago), iv : 30 (JulyILLINOIS 51 23, 1904) — Williams, Fannie Barrier: The Frederick Douglas Center. Southern Work- man, June, 1906 — Frederick Douglas Center. By Tbe Way, ii, No. 1 (Jan., 1909) — A Unique Settlement Service, Chicago. Cbar. and Commons, xx : 601 (Aug. 15, 1908). Gads Hill Center 1959 West Twentieth Street (1909-) Affiliated Activities, Institutional Work of Lincoln Street Methodist Church. Summer Camp, Gads Hill Encampment, Lake Bluff, Ill. Established March, 1898, by Mrs. Leila A. Martin and by a board of directors of the business men or their representatives of the manufacturing and lumbering section of the community, as an outgrowth of the work of the Lincoln Street Methodist Church and the W. C. T. U. "The object of Gads Hill Center is to teach the duties and responsibilities of American citizenship, by promoting social intercourse, industrial pursuits, temperance, and the mental and moral uplift of humanity. We seek to make childhood happy, youth industrious and old age comfortable; to bring to the people the opportunities for improvement— educational and industrial—that are chiefly within the reach of more favored communities; to present ideals and incentives which will make possible a better citizenship and home life for the future.” Incorporated May, 1898. Main- tained by voluntary subscriptions. Neighborhood. “The section of Chicago in which Gads Hill Center is situated is one of the most populous areas of the entire city. Along its southern boundary lies the great lumber district of the city. In every direction are factories. .... The population is composed of Germans, Irish, Swedes, Italians and Lithuanians, while the northern and eastern portions include a Polish district and the great Bohemian quarter of the city. Through it all is a sprinkling of Americans. A hundred thousand persons— employed for the most part in lumber yards and factories—live within the radius of influence of Gads Hill Center. .... The saloon and dance hall are omnipresent in the community. Another baleful influence is the propaganda of the Free Thought movement, directed against the church, teaching the principles of atheism. It is not confined to the Bohemians, who have the name of being generally antagonistic to Christ- ianity, but other nationalities have a share of its followers. There are many so-styled Sunday schools where children are taught that there is no God and are filled with false ideas of American freedom, with hatred of all social order/' 1908. Activities. Secured public school kindergarten, a branch of the public library, a public playground, better sanitary conditions, and has attracted various forms of public and philanthropic service. Maintains playground; public library delivery station; postal station; pas- teurized milk station; tuberculosis and general dispensary; day nursery; kindergarten; nursing service; classes in kitchen garden, cooking, piano, millinery, elocution, dressmak- ing, physical culture, gymnastics, manual training. There are dubs for women, girls, boys and children. The McCormick Club House, conducted by the Harvester Works, provides a place for the men of the neighborhood. There are various entertainments, socials, etc. Summer Work.—The house, through its affiliated work of the Gads Hill Encampment, maintains a camp of twenty-three acres on the lake front, with a baby-53 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS fold; special camp for co-operative housekeeping; rest cottage; assembly hall; boys’ camp; administration center, etc. In 1909 there were 2668 guests. Former Locations. 869 West Twenty-second St., March, 1898; 867 West Twenty-second St., Jan., 1903-1908; Gads Hill Encampment, Glencoe, 1900-1906. Purchased property at Lake Bluff, 1907. Residents. Women 7, men 3. Volunteers. Women 15, men 3. Head Resident. (Mrs.) Leila A. Martin, 1898-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Leaflets 1899, 1900, 1904, 1906, 1907 — Yearbook, 1910 — Bulletins 1, 2, 3 and 4 — Gads Hill Center, 1898-1908 (contains history). Henry Booth House 701 West Fourteenth Place (1906--) Established May* 1898, by William Salter and the Chicago Ethical Society. “The settlement represents the Ethical Society at work in the Ninth Ward. It aims to be not only an outlet for the good will and energy of the mem- bers in the society, but a center in which to focus the better life of the neighbor- hood. It strives to improve local conditions as far as possible and to co-operate with other agencies in developing the latent powers for good in the community.” Neighborhood. “The neighborhood is the center of the junk, iron and metal trades. The population is dense and the housing extremely congested. The frame cottages of a former day are passing away, though they take a heavy toll of death and sick- ness before they go. While the population of the Ninth Ward has increased twenty per cent in the last ten years, its citizenship is steadily decreasing, and the dwindling vote has made the ward helpless politically in the organization of its demands upon the city authorities. One of the four most congested and foreign immigrant wards. “ Racially the district is divided between the Jews and Italians who crowd the north end, and the Bohemians, Lithuanians and Poles on the south end, with remnants of the disappearing Irish and German populations of an earlier day.’’ There is the ever-present smoke pall from belching locomotives and chimneys, in which the public school houses are high offenders; there are hundreds of old, reeking wooden houses, which just pass a lax inspection under an indifferent building law; a wholly inadequate appropriation for street cleaning, watering and garbage collection; a toleration of sidewalk stalls crowding and littering the streets; the selling of food and clothing infested with disease germs; an indifferent police force, oblivious to infractions of the laws relating to saloons and to gambling; negligent public contractors, and a tardy City Hall enforcement of ordinances. In all this noise, dirt and neglect live sixty thousand people, overwhelmingly orderly, patient and industrious. While there is crime and vice in the Ninth Ward, and a notice- ably low standard in politics, there is much more poverty and sickness. The cases dealt with in the Maxwell Street Police Station are less those of personal violence than those due to economic causes, ignorance of the laws, and (among the non-Jews) alcoholic excess. The most pitiable cases are those of the young people who have broken away from the traditions and respect of their elders, and, intoxicated with the exuberance of youth in the pursuit of distraction after monotonous work, fall victims to the allurements of the streets.” Activities. Work to secure better streets, improved public sanitary conditions, better housing and the extension of school work. Instrumental in securing Small Park No. 2 (an entire block with parkhouse, playgrounds, etc.);ILLINOIS 53 secured a branch circulating library in the park center; started a large cooking school therein; secured the public baths and comfort station of the district; and has kept the need of school buildings before the authorities. Conducted several campaigns against evil moral conditions; and tried to develop a more tolerant feeling between the neighborhood races. Its kindergarten and manual training work have been passed over to the city. One resident serves on the executive board of the United Charities; one is supervising nurse of Chicago Tuberculosis Institute; another on Women’s Immigration League; a fourth in Juvenile Protective League, and a fifth is manager of the small park. Maintains library; baths; penny savings; bank; kindergarten; classes in civics, English, history, literature, sewing, embroidery, dancing, gymnastics, weaving and crafts work; clubs for women, men, several organizations of young people, and many groups of children. Lectures, entertainments, socials, etc.; civic work, preparation for naturalization, and neighborhood betterment through clubs. The neighborhood park center frees the house for more intensive and widespread effort. Summer Work.—Educa- tional campaign in co-operation with Health Dept. Baby hygiene work, including milk station and tent; playground (co-operation of park); window box and vacant lot gardening; picnics, excursions and week ends; summer camp; vacations in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies. Former Locations. 135 West Fourteenth Race; May, 1898-May, 1904; 171 West Fifteenth Street, rented quarters, May, 1904-Dec., 1905. Residents. Women 4, men 3. Volunteers. Women 50, men 9; 25 or more occasional assistants. Head Workers. (No one in residence until January, 1906.) William H. Noyes, May, 1898-Summer, 1899; Mary Tenney and T. W. Allinson, May, 1899-1902; Gertrude Barnum, Jan., 1902-1903; Emma Pischel, June, 1903-Dec. 31, 1906. Thomas W. Allinson, Jan., 1907-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Pamphlet published by committee, January, 1900 — School Extension Work, conducted by the Henry Booth House, winter, 1902. Published by School Extension Society of Chicago — Report, 1910. See also: Noyes, William H.: Institutional Peril of the Settlements. Commons, June, 1899. Hull-House 800 South Halsted Street (1889-) Established September 18, 1889, by Jane Addams and Ellen Gates Starr. “Hull-House was opened by two women, backed by many friends, in the belief that the mere foothold of a house, easily accessible, ample in space, hospitable and tolerant in spirit, situated in the midst of the large foreign colonies which so easily isolate themselves in American cities would be in itself a serviceable thing for Chicago. Hull-House endeavors to make social intercourse express the grow- ing sense of the economic unity of society and may be described as an effort to add the social function to democracy.” The Hull-House Charter states as its object: “To provide a center for the higher civic and social life; to institute and maintain educational and philanthropic enterprises, and to investigate and im- prove the conditions in the industrial districts of Chicago.” Incorporated 1894, Supported by the income from apartments, coffee house and shops, which form a small endowment fund, and by subscriptions.54 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Neighborhood. A mixed factory and tenement quarter. Immediately about the house is the largest Greek colony in the city, numbering perhaps three thousand people. In the network of narrow streets between Hull-House and the river is a great Italian colony, badly housed, for the most part, in narrow brick tenements and in story-and-a-half frame cottages built originally for single families and now containing three or more. As it reached the limits of the housing capacity of the district, the colony began to move west across Halsted Street, settling down west of Hull-House. This migration into a territory comfortably settled by Irish and Bohemians brought racial friction, but the two latter have gradually succumbed and have also moved west. A congested colony of Russian and Polish Jews, just south of the house, form a large and important part of its constituency. Like the Italians, the Jews are also expanding rapidly westward and breaking up the long-settled colonies of Irish, Bohemians and French. In addition Germans, Scandinavians, Hungarians, Austrians, Dutch and others are found in isolated families though in inconsiderable numbers. Originally a district of small property owners, who built and lived in their two- story or story-and-a-half frame cottages, it is fast assuming the aspects of an industrial region. Large factories are coming in from year to year, wiping out the frame cottages. Smaller shops and factories are in eveiy block, making shift in dark, unsanitary quarters improvised in tenement houses and basements, and disputing with the small stores for space on the “business streets” of the ward. Clothing manufacture is perhaps the leading local industry, though junk yards are numerous, and such mercantile thorough- fares as Halsted Street and West Twelfth Street are crowded with department stores, second hand stores, Greek and Italian cafes and wine rooms, and numerous five-cent theatres. Activities. I. Investigation. In 1892, Investigation of the Sweating System for the State Bureau of Labor Statistics; 1893, The Slums of Great Cities (Chicago) for Department of Labor (Washington); Dietary Investigation for Department of Agriculture (Washington); 1895, Publication of Hull-House Maps and Papers, Studies in Ward and City Conditions; 1896, Investigation of the Saloons of the Nineteenth Ward for Committee of Fifty; 1897, Investigation of the Dietary of the Italian Colony for Department of Agriculture (Washing- ton); General Study of 19th Ward for Ethical Society; 1903, Study of Casual Labor on the Lakes; 1905, An Intensive Study of the Causes of Truancy; Study of Tuberculosis in Chicago; 1907, Investigation into the Selling of Cocaine; 1908, Study of Midwifery (Co-operation with Chicago Medical Society), and Study oi the Greeks in Chicago; 1909, Study of Infantile Mortality among Selected Immigrant Groups; 1910, Investigation of the Home Reading of Public School Children. II. Efforts for Civic Betterment, (i) Housing.—Constant efforts for improved housing in district and city. Became headquarters for the City Homes Association Study of Housing in 1901 (of which body Miss Addams has always been an officer), and the inquiry conducted in 1909 by the School of Civics and Philanthropy under the Russell Sage Foundation. Co-operation with the building and sanitary divisions of the city service to ameliorate con- ditions. (2) Struts and Sanitation.—Early united with all the best forces of the ward in an effort to secure the proper removal of refuse. Backed by friends,ILLINOIS 55 Miss Addams in 1893 put in a bid for the contract to remove garbage, which was not considered. She was later appointed inspector for the ward. A resident carried on this work until 1898, when the office was abolished. Continuous efforts for the removal of the unsanitary sidewalk garbage boxes, for adequate paving, and dean streets. For a time a children's league helped in maintaining clean streets, and the Woman’s Club has rendered service of great value. (3) Play Spaces.—Established in the spring of 1893 ^e first public play- ground in Chicago. The city furnished an officer and residents spent some time teaching the children and regulating privileges. The city playground commis- sion became responsible for the management in 1906. This ground served as an object lesson and helped the general movement for playgrounds. Residents aided in the movement for school and vacation playgrounds and other forms of public recreation. ' (4) Public Baths.—Secured the first public bath in Chicago, which was located one block north of Hull-House. The lot was donated rent free for two years with a provision whereby the city could buy the land at the end of that period. (5) Public Education.—Residents succeeded in saving a large public school building which was being transformed into a factory, though three thousand children were without sittings. Constant agitation was carried on for some years to secure better school facilities, more room, and adequate school laws. A resi- dent early started the custom of presenting pictures and casts to the pyblic schools, which later resulted in the establishment of the Public School Art So- ciety. One of the residents acting as voluntary probation officer, anticipated the movement which resulted in the establishment of a parental school for truants. Conducted (1897) public lectures in the hall of the neighboring high school, and has worked consistently for the enlarged use of public school buildings. The Labor Museum (1902) "developed through efforts to bridge the past life in Emope with American experience in such wise as to give them both some mean- ing and sense of relation.” In co-operation with the board of education an in- vestigation (1906) was made into the causes of truancy and the results were pre- sented at a conference and in pamphlet form. Alumni associations of the neighboring public schools have held their meetings at the house; and the settle- ment has co-operated with teachers and principals by means of home and school visiting. Administers school scholarships for promising children; and main- tains (since 1905) a visiting kindergarten and school for sick and shuHn children. Miss Addams sdved on the school board from July, 1905, to July, 1908. Resi- dents were deeply interested in the establishment of the Municipal Museum; and several are on the staff of the Chicago School of Civics and Philanthropy* (6) Public Hcattb.—k physician has generally been in residence; and for three years a special clinic was maintained for Italian children suffering from rachitis. Visiting nursing has been earned on from the settlement and in co- operation with the Visiting Nursing Association, and a station for the sale and distribution of milk for infants was maintained for some years. Thisactivity has been transferred to the Mary Crane Nursery, situated on the Hull-HouseHANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS $6 land and sustained by the United Charities of Chicago. A baby dispensary is maintained by them throughout the year; and a babies’ hospital is carried on during the summer on the roof of the day nursery. Organized (1907) a convales- cent cottage for young women afflicted with tuberculosis and (1909) an out- door school for tubercular children (since taken over by the United Charities) was opened. An inquiry into the causes of typhoid fever (1902) led to the reor- ganization of the city sanitary service and a cleaning out of the infected neighbor- hood. Continued efforts have been made to secure the placarding of houses wherein were persons having a contagious disease. A joint committee from Hull- House and the Chicago Medical Society made an investigation into the practice of midwifery; and a new law governing the license and control of midwives is hoped for. A study into the distribution of tuberculosis was made under the direction of Dr. Sachs, and cases were traced wherever possible to their source. The house still co-operates with the Tuberculosis Institute through one of its residents. A resident has for two years held the position of sanitary inspector under the department of health, and specially interesting researches have been made into the conditions in bakeries. A study was made in 1909-10 into the relation between the size of families and the rate of mortality among babies. (7) Politics.—The 19th Ward is in the hands of a political machine built up by die distribution of jobs in City Hall; favors to public service corporations; by privileges to small storekeepers; and popularized by the distribution of tur- keys to the poor. In 1896 and 1898 residents unsuccessfully backed a rival can- didate against the machine. Several residents have been active in general city affairs, and there has been some reaction on the ward from without. The house also stands for the extension of the suffrage to women. (8) Law and Order.—Voluntary probation work was undertaken very early; since then there has always been a probation officer in residence. Two of the residents, Mrs. Stevens and Miss Lathrop, were active in securing the juvenile court and probation law of 1899, and Mrs. Stevens became the first probation officer under the new law. In 1903 an investigation into the cocaine traffic revealed conditions that resulted in the prosecution of several druggists, and the sale was greatly hindered. A state law obtained in 1907 has gone far to abolish the sale of the drug. In 1909 the Juvenile Psychopathic Institute was established to study the causes of youthful delinquency and several residents are interested in this work. The Juvenile Protective Association (1910) numbers several residents among its officers and holds its meetings at the house. There have been various efforts to secure peddlers from outrage; and conferences of inspectors have been held at the house. Maintains a branch of the Legal Aid Society,. (9) Labor.—In 1891 Hull-House aided the shirtmakers during a strike brought about by a cut in wages. In 1892 it assisted the cloakmakers to or- ganize. The appointment of Mrs. Kelley by the state bureau of labor statistics to investigate the garment trade, resulted in a report which led to the Workshops and Factory Act in 1893. (This act reduced the number of small children in shops; partly separated homes from shops; and secured for a time an eight-ILLINOIS 57 hour day for girls and women, though the act was later declared unconstitutional.) Mrs. Kelley was appointed state factory inspector with Mrs. A. P. Stevens as assistant. In 1894 Miss Addams urged arbitration in the Pullman strike; and later co-operated with the Civic League in securing the establishment of a state board of arbitration and conciliation. In 1895 urged the Sulzer Bill, putting the garment trade under jurisdiction of the treasury department. In 1896 Miss Addams called a mass meeting to create sympathy for the strike of the garment workers, and secured the assistance of the Central Congress of the Civic Federa- tion in support of a demand for arbitration. In 1897 Mrs. Kelley was removed by Governor Tanner. Early forerunners of the present Woman’s Trade Union League were organized at the house, and for some years met there. The Consumers’ League was organized in 1898. In 1900 Miss Addams testified before the Industrial Commission on the custom tailors’ strike to compel employers to furnish factories. In 1902 the house assisted in again strengthen- ing the child labor law. In 1903 the settlement assisted in the organization of the Woman’s Trade Union League. In 1907 the residents co-operated in the effort to secure a national investigation of women’s work and wages, and in the production of the industrial exhibit at Brookes Casino. For many years the house has co-operated with various unions and other organizations in an attempt to reduce the long hours of clerks in the West Side department stores, and to provide for Sunday closing—thus far with only partial success. (10) Economic.—A day nursery was opened in the spring of 1891, and maintained until 1908, when it was merged into a larger nursery carried on by the Chicago Relief and Aid Society, in a new building erected adjacent to the Hull-House buildings. During the economic crises of 1893-4 and 1897, the house carried on a great deal of necessary relief work. In 1893 the Coffee House was opened, and during the winter ten-cent lunches were supplied to women. Working under the direction of the Chicago Woman’s Club, food was supplied in factories, etc. The coffee house is self-sustaining and pays rental to the house. The jane Club (1891), a co-operative boarding chib for young women, has a separate building and meets current expenses of rent, service, food and heat Two co-operative clubs for young men have been attached to the house, the Phalanx Club from 1892 to 1895, and the Culver Chib from T907 to 1910. A co-operative coal club was organized in 1892 on the Hull-House block, and was successfully carried on for three years. Started an employment bureau <1891), and much informal work in securing employment is still carried on. Since 1908, several meetings to discuss problems of the unemployed have been called. Active in securing the enforcement of the employment agency law, and in co- operation with the League for the Protection of Immigrants, organized meetings among the Bulgarians which made a successful resistance to the extortionate fees which were being charged by the agencies. The Hull-House shops dispose of textiles, articles in metal, and pottery ; and there is a growing demand for its products. (11) Work for /wwxgron/s.—Residents early interested themselves in58 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS interpreting t^e immigrant to the city and in preserving and developing such human values and culture as he had to contribute to the city life. Various immigrant social, literary and other organizations have been formed or held meetings at the house. Specially notable have been several national plays and festival occasions. In 1909 the League for the Protection of Immigrants was organized, which will exert a systematic and centralized effort on behalf of immi- grants living in Chicago, The settlement has several times been able to be of service by taking the part of innocent persons involved in what were thought to be anarchistic plots, or in danger of apprehension by the Russian government. (12) Development of Neighborhood Civic Resourcefulness,—Organized (1896) the 19th Ward Improvement Society, which interested itself in bettering the physical conditions of the ward. In the fall of 1894 a ward council of the Civic Federation was organized with committees on philanthropy, education, politics, and morals. In 1907 organized League No. 5 of the Juvenile Protective Association. (13) Charity.—One of the early residents became a voluntary visitor of the outdoor relief department of the city, and was appointed in 1893 on the state board of charities. Out of her double experience at the settlement and at county institutions came agitation for a law for the care of dependent children, which resulted in the juvenile court law; the state civil service law; a law for the state care of defectives; the state conference of charities; improvement of physical conditions in county poorhouses and jails; a law authorizing the establishment of an epileptic colony; reforms in methods of nursing dependents in state hos- pitals for defectives; an investigation into the state of the Cook County In- firmary, which led to radical changes for the better, and other important reforms. Served as a center of relief in the panic of 1894-5; managed a lodge for homeless women; provided street sweeping for men; was active in the campaign which led to the organization of a Bureau of Organized Charities. Maintains a fund to assist needy families in their homes, and the relief work which is done is carried on in co-operation with the local office of the United Charities. In 1909 the City Gardens Association was organized to provide small gardens on vacant lots for needy families, with a resident of Hull-House as president. (14) Opportunity for Public Discussion,—From its earliest years various organizations have arranged for public lectures and discussions at the settle- ment. The Working People’s Social Science Club (1890) discussed various social and economic problems, and it is felt that as long as social growth normally proceeds by successive changes and adaptations, such free discussion is most valuable. Discussions are also frequently held under the auspices of various public organizations. Residents have stood for the right of free speech at several trying times in the city’s history, when the average forbearance of its citizens had left them. (15) Art Work.—fat Gallery (1891) with loan exhibits of pictures, en- gravings, etc.; co-operation in the movement to open the Art Institute Sunday afternoons; leadership in the Public School Art Society; studio and classes in the arts of line and form; headquarters of the Chicago Arts and Crafts Society;ILLINOIS 59 hookbindery, and studios of resident artists, shops for metal and other crafts. Good pictures have been hung in the various rooms for their educational effect. The theatre is frescoed. Music School (1893-); memorial organ; chorus; con- certs, etc.; prizes for labor songs. Theatre; dramatic presentations of classic and modern plays by Hull-House and other companies; national plays by Greeks, Italians, Lithuanians, Bohemians, etc.; moving picture show (1908). III. General Propaganda. A very great factor in calling public atten- tion to the needs of the industrial quarters of Chicago, and in interpreting the inner life of its neighbors to the city. The experience of residents has been of service to various persons and societies, not only in Chicago, but over the country. IV. Local Institutional Improvement. In 1891 an art gallery and public library was established. Since that time there have been added a chil- dren’s house, coffee house, theatre, girls’ boarding club, gymnasium, woman’s club buildings, boys’ club building, day nursery and crafts room, and labor museum. For many years the settlement held art exhibits in its gallery. An art and music school has been maintained; and public lecture courses and enter- tainments provided. Its public baths, playground, day nursery, reading room and library station, lending collection of pictures, etc. have been turned over to either public or private agencies. The house holds its activities lightly and de- sires to be free for experiment and the initiation of new enterprises. Maintains public lectures; classes in English for immigrants; advanced classes in languages, history, belles-lettres, etc.; Shakespeare club, electrical dub, Neighborhood Council; Labor Museum; classes in pottery, metal work, enamel and wood carving, weaving; drawing, modeling, painting, lithography, and occasional art exhibits; dasses in dressmaking, sewing, shirtwaists, millinery, cooking; men's dub (incorporated 1893), women’s club (1891); neighborhood parties; boys’ club, with technical dasses in wood working, foundry, electridty, type setting, telegraphy, photography, cobbling, drawing, stendling, designing, metal work, typewriting; various sodal dubs; brass band; library and study room; game room; bowling alley; bank; periodical and summer camp. The house serves as a meeting place for various societies: Greek Educational Asso- ciation; Greek Ladies Charitable Association; several Greek benefit sodeties; Greek Peddlers Protective Association; Greek Woman's Social Club; Italian Circolo; Sodeta de Beneficenza delie Donne Italiane; the Russian Sodal Economics Club. There are many social clubs of young people, and a People’s Friendly Club to which entire families belong. Dancing classes, socials, receptions, and festivals are given from time to time. Gymnasium (1893) with various athletic dasses and organizations and baths. Music School; Sunday concerts, festival performances and many musical entertainments. Hull-House Theatre: dramatic associations for adults, young people and children. The theatre is used by groups of Greeks, Italians, Russians, Letts, Jews, Lithuanians, Hungar- ians and Bohemians, who give plays for their compatriots in their native language, and by other dramatic associations in the dty. Coffee house and cafeteria. There are many children’s dubs with artistic, industrial and social interests; and a dancing class; also a visiting kindergarten and school for sick or disabled children. Public lectures and discussions. IPorft.—Many of the classes and clubs continue to meet. There are numerous picnics; regularcar rides to the parks weekly; vacations in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies; and a boys’ camp. Location and Buildings. 800 (formerly 335) South Halsted Street, 1889 ff.;6o HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Butler Building, 1891 ff.; Smith Building; Coffee House and Theatre; Jane Cub; Gymnasium; Bowen Hall; Boys’ Club; Mary Crane Nursery; Dining Room and Music School; Mechanical Plant; Residence Flats; Men’s Club. Residents. Women 31, men 20. Volunteers. Women 58, men 30. Head Resident. Jane Addams, 1889-. Literature. I. Authorized Statements. Hull-House Yearbooks (published annually), circulars, syllabi, class announcements, etc. See also: Class and lecture announcements — Bedell, Leila G.: A Chicago Toynbee Hall. Woman's Jour., May 5, 1889 — Porter, Mary H.: A Home on Halsted Street. Advance, July 11, 1889 — The Chicago Toynbee Hall. Unity, Mar. 15, 1890 — Frothingham, Rev. J.: The Toynbee Idea. Interior, July 7, 1890 — Brodlique, Eva H.: A Toynbee Hall Experiment in Chicago. Cbautauquan, Sept., 1890 — Hull-House. Altruistic Rev., Oct., 1890 — Pond, Allen B.: Personal Philanthropy. Plymouth Rev., Nov., 1890 — Kellogg, Emily A.: Hull-House. Union Signal, Jan. 22, 1891 — Jones, Katharine A.: The Working Girls of Chicago. Rev. of Rev., Sept., 1891 — Miller, Alice: Hull-House. Char. Rev., Feb., 1892 — Household Labor. Union Signal, Feb. 4, 1892 — Hull-House. Interior, Feb. 4, 1892 — Kirkland, Joseph: Among the Poor of Chicago. Scribner's M., July, 1892 — Glimpse into Hull-House. Churchman, July 30, 1892 — The Spectator. Christian Union, Aug. 27, 1892 — And Not Leave the Other Undone. Advance, Oct. 20, 1892 — Hull-House. Labor' Leader, Nov., 1892 — III. Christian World, Nov., 1892 — Underwood, R. F.: A Valuable Institution. Religio-Philosophical Jour., Nov., 1892 — Social Settlements. Churchman, Nov. 24, 1892 — Ralph, Julian: Chicago’s Gentle Side. Harper's M., July, 1893 — Democracy in Social Life Coming. Religio-Pbilosopbical Jour., Mar. 29, 1893 — Learned, Henry B.: Hull-House. Lend a Hand, x : 31B (May, 1893) — The World’s Fair Congress of Social Settlements. Unity, July 27, 1893 —- The Civic Life of Chicago. Rev. of Rev., Aug., 1893 — Hull-House, Chicago. Unitarian, Sept., 1893 — Taylor, Graham: Hull- House. Church at Home and Abroad, Feb., 1894 — Manny, Frank A.: Social Settlements and City Missions. Univ. of Mich., Apr., 1894 — Hale, E. E.: Home Rule in Cities. Cosmopolitan, Apr., 1894 — The Social Settlement. New Order, Apr. 26, 1894 — Hull- House. Confectioner, Baker and American Caterer, July 1,1894 — Knobe, Bertha Damaris: Light-houses of Chicago. Union Signal, July 26, 1894 — Johnson, W. D.: The New Social Movement. Brown M., Nov., 1894 — Successful Co-operation. Age, Jan. 19, 1895 — Per Gli Italiani Poveri. L'Italia (Chicago), Feb. 17, 1895 — Herndon, Emily: Hull-House. Christian Union, xlv .-351 (1895) — How to Help Friendless Girls. Temple M., Apr. 25, 1895 — Art and the Masses. Forum, July, 1895 — Hull-House and Its Founder. Chicago Woman's News, July 20, 1895 — Civic Federation of Chicago. Out- look, July 27, 1895 — Hull-House. Outlook, Aug. 3, 1895 — Clergymen as Garbage Inspectors. Outlook, Aug. 17, 1895 — Condition de la Femme aux Etats-Unis, Section V, Hull-House. Th. Bentzon, Extrait du Revue des Deux Mondes, fer juillet 1894 — West, Max: Chicago Other Half. Maps and Papers of Hull-House. Dial, xviii : 239 (April 16, 1895) — Monroe, Lucy: A Circulating Picture Gallery, Hull-House. Curr. Lit., xix : 46 Gao,, 1896) — Settlers in the City Wilderness (Hull-House). Atlantic, Ixxvii: 118-123 (Jan., 1896) — Stone, Melville E.: The Higher Life of Chicago (Hull- House, Its Work). Outlook, liii: 327-8 (1896) — Southworth, John: A Social Settlement. Commercial Travelers' M., Max., 1896 — Laves, Dr. Kurt; Hull-House, eine sociale Col- onie in Chicago. Beilage gur aUgemeinen Zeitung (Munchen), Montag, 9 Marz, 1896 — Furnishings of Hull-House. Harper's Bag., xxix : 303 (Apr. 4, 1896) — Powell, M. B.: Hull-House. Godey's M., May, 1896 — Muzzey, A. L.: Hull-House a Social Settlement.ILLINOIS 6l Arena, xvi: 432-8 (Aug., 1896) — Baker, R. S.: Ward Boss and Hull-House. Outlook, lviii: 769-71 (Mar. 26, 1897) — Muzzey, A. L.: Chicago’s First Social Settlement. Leslie's W., Ixxxv : 350 (Nov. 25, 1897) — A Social Settlement Appointee. Outlook, lix : 401 (June 11, 1898) — Hull-House. Atlantic, 218 : 138 (July, 1898) — Auditorium for Dramatic Purposes, Hull-House, Chicago. Cbar. Rev., viii: 307 (Sept., 1898) — Crissey, Forrest: The Hull-House Social Settlement. Roman’s Home Companion, Nov., 1898 — D’Unger, Giselle: The Workings of Hull-House. Carter's Mo., Dec., 1898 — Hull-House. Pub. Opin., xxvi: 333 (Mar. 16, 1899) — Hull-House, Tenth Anniversary. Harper's Bag., xxxii: 974 (Nov. 11,1899) — Music at Hull-House. W. S. B. M. Music, xvii: 178- 82 (Dec., 1899) — Brodlique, Eva H.: Cbautauquan, Sept., 1900 — Head, Elizabeth: Chicago Settlements. For the Settlement Committee of the Chicago Woman’s Club. Reprinted by Chicago Commons, Jan., 1902 — Devine, Edward T. (Reviewer): Democ- racy and Social Ethics. Charities, viii : 517-520 (June 7, 1902) — Henderson, Charles R. (Reviewer): Democracy and Social Ethics. Amer. Journal of Sociol., viii: 1 (July, 1902) — Muzzey, Annie L.: Hull-House. Ladies' World, Apr., 1902 — Hull-House. Ann. Amer. Acad, of Pol. and Soc. Sci., xix : 185 (May, 1902) — Maude, Aylmer: A Talk with Jane Addams and Count Tolstoi. Humane R., iii : 203 (Oct., 1902) — Hill, Caroline M. (Reviewer): Democracy and Social Ethics. Ann. Amer. Acad, of Pol. and Soc. Sci., xx : 424 — Jane Addams. World's Work, v : 2, 930 (Jan., 1903) — The Hull-House Labor Museum. Cbautauquan, xxxviii: 60 (Sept., 1903) — Sanitary Ills Disclosed by Hull- House Workers. Charities, x : 587-588 (June 13, 1903) — Hard, William: Hull-House and Free Speech. Commons, viii, No. 87 (Oct., 1903) — Zueblin, Charles: Settlements and the New Civic Spirit. Cbautauquan, xxxviii: 55 (Sept., 1903) — Peattie, E. M.: Work of Miss Addams. Harper's Bag., xxxviii: 1,003-8 (Oct., 1904) — The Ajax of Sophocles (Hull-House). Charities, xii : 198 (Feb. 20, 1904) — Jane Addams and Her Work. Pilgrim, Jan., 1904 — Russell, Marjorie: Jane Addams and Hull-House. House- keeper, Oct., 1904 — Barrows, Elizabeth C.: The Greek Play at Hull-House. Commons, ix : 6-10 (Jan., 1904) — Hull-House, Chicago. Commons, ix : 220-21 (May, 1904) — Sayles, Mary B.: Settlement Workers and Their Work. Outlook, lxxviii: 304-311 (Oct. 1, 1902) — West, Max: The Revival of Handicrafts in America (Hull-House). Pp. 1,584 and 1,601, Bureau of Labor Bulletin, No. 55, Nov., 1904 — An Embodiment of the Social Spirit (Hull-House Woman’s Club). Commons, Apr., 1905, pp. 223-225. Articles About Miss Addams. Critic, xliv : 490 (June, 1904) — Rev. of Rev., xxx : 356 (Sept., 1904) — Outlook, lxxviii: 305 (Oct., 1904) — Good Housekeeping, xlviii: 4 (Jan., 1909) — Ameri- can M., Ixviii : 292 (1909) — World's Work, xviii: 11848 (Aug., 1909). Jane Addams, Philanthropist. Metropolitan M., xxxi : 196 (Nov., 1909) — Taylor, Graham: Jane Addams, Interpreter. Rev. of Rev., xl: 688-94 (Dec , 1909). II. Articles about the Settlement by Residents. Addams, Jane: With the Masses. Advance (Chicago), Feb., 1892. Hull-House, Chicago; An Effort Toward Social Democracy. Forum, xiv : 226 (Oct., 1892). Hull-House, A Social Settlement (An Out- line Sketch). Pamphlet, Feb. 1, 1894. Hull-House, Art Work Done by. Forum, xix : 614 (July, 1895). Hull-House. Atlantic Mo., Ixxxiii: 16} (Feb., 1899). Why Ward Bosses Rule (extract fromarticles in Internal. Jour. Ethics). Outlook, lviii : 879-882 (Apr. 2, 1898). Women’s Work for Chicago (Paragraphs on Hull-House). Munic. Affairs, ii ; 502- 503 (Sept., 1898). First Report of the Labor Museum at Hull-House, Chicago (Pamphlet), 1901-1902. Autobiographical Notes upon Twenty Years at Hull-House. American M., April, May, June, July, August, September, 1910 — Eaton, Isabelle: Hull-House and Its Distinctive Features. SmitbCollege Mo>, Apr., 1894 — Holbrook, Agnes: Hull-House. Wellesley M., Jan., 1894 — Kelley, Florence: Description and Work of Hull-House.6s HANDBOOK OP SETTLEMENTS New England M., Iiii: 327(Feb.22, 1896), x viii: 550-66 (July, 1898); Living Age, 218 : 138 (July 9, 1898) — Luther, Jessie (Curator): The Labor Museum at Hull-House. Com- mons, vii. No. 70 (May, 1902) — Moore, Dorothea: A Day at Hull-House. Amer. Jour. Social., ii: 629-40 (Mar., 1897). Illustrated Bibliography. Pub. Opin., xxii: 366 (Mar. 25, 1897) — Pond, Allen B. (Trustee of Hull-House): The Free Platform. Commons, viii, No. 87 (Oct., 1903) — Starr, Ellen Gates: Hull-House Book) Bindery. Com- mons, June 30, 1900 — Stevens, Alzina P.: Life in a Social Settlement, Hull-House, Chicago. Self-Culture M., Mar., 1899. Hull-House in Civic Movements, excerpt from March Self-Culture M. Pub. Opin., xxvi : 333 (Mar. 6, 1899). Growth of Hull-House. Cur. Lit., xxvi: 457 — Whitcombe, E. P.: Jane Club of Hull-House. Amcr. Jour, of Nursing, xi: 86 (1901-1902) — Zeman, Mrs. J. Humpal: Hull-House, Zenske Listy, Chicago, Dubna, 1896. Hull-House and Its Civic Aspects. Pub. Opin., xx : 364-5 (Mar. 19, 1896). III. Social Studies by Residents (Books). Addams, Jane: Philanthropy and Social Progress. N. Y., Thomas Y. Crowell and Co., 1893. Hull-House Maps and Papers. N. Y., Thomas Y. Crowell and Co. Democracy and Social Ethics. N. Y., The Macmillan Co., 1902. Newer Ideals of Peace. Citizens Library. N. Y., The Macmillan Co., 1904. The Spirit of Youth and the City Streets. N. Y., The Macmillan Co., 1909. Twenty Years at Hull-House. N. Y., The Macmillan Co., 1910 — Abbott, Edith: Women in Industry. N. Y., Appleton, 1910 — Breckinridge, Sophonisba P., and Abbott, Edith: The Delinquent Child and The Home. Russell Sage Foundation Publication. (In Press) — Hunter, Robert: Tenement Conditions in Chicago. Report to City Homes Association. Chicago, A. C. McClurg, 1901 — Lathrop, Julia C.: Suggestions for Visitors to County Poorhouses and to other Public Charitable Institutions. Public Charities Committee of the Illinois Federation of Women’s Clubs, 1905. IV. Articles or Social Studies by Residents. (Periodicals and Pamphlets.) Addams, Jane: The Objects of Social Settlements. Union Signed, Mar. 5, 1896. A Be- lated Industry. Amer. Jour, of Sociol., i: 536-550 (Mar., 1896). Ethical Survivals in Municipal Corruption, /ntoW. Jour, of Ethics, viii: 273-291 (Apr., 1898). Significance of Organized Labor. Mo. jour. Internal. Assoc, of Machinists, x : 9 (Sept., 1898). The College Woman and the Family Claim. Commons, Sept., 1898. Christmas Fellowship. Unity, Dec. 22, 1898. Democracy or Militarism. Liberty Tract, No. 1, 1899. Central Anti-Imperialism League, Chicago. Trades Unions and Public Duty. Amcr. Jour, of Sociol., iv : 448-462 (Jan., 1899). Syllabus of Lectures on Democracy and Social Service. (Apply at Hull-House.) The Subtler Problems of Charity. Atlantic Mo., lxxxiii: 163- 173 (Feb., 1899). The Charity Visitor’s Perplexities. Extract from February Atlantic. Outlook, lxi: 598-600 (Mar. 11, 1899). Trade Unions and Public Duty. Amcr. Jour, of Sociol., Feb., 1899. On the Housing Problems in Chicago. Ann. Amcr. Acad, of Pol. and Soc. Sci., xx (July, 1899). Social Education of the Industrial Democracy (Labor Museum at Hull-House). Commons, June 30, 1900. College Women and Christianity. Indepen- dent, Aug. 8, 1901. The Third Monthly Conference (Address). Charities, viii: 284-286 (Mar. 29, 1902). The Friendship of Settlement Work. Report of Address at Annual Meeting erf the University Settlement. Charities, x: 315-316 (Mar. 28, 1903). Child Labor and Pauperism. Charities, xi: 300-304 (Oct. 3, 1903). Henry Demarest Lloyd. His Passion for the Better Soda! Order. Commons, viii, No. 89 (Dec., 1903). The Hu- manizing Tendency of Industrial Education. Cbautauquan, xxxix : 266-272 (May, 1904). Hull-House and Its Neighbors. Charities, xii: 450-451 (May 7,1904). The Present Crisis in Trades Union Morals. North Amcr. Rev., 179: 178-193 (Aug., 1904). Problems of Municipal Administration. Amer. Jour, of Sociol., x : 4 (Jan., 1905). (An address de-ILLINOIS 63 livered before the International Congress of Arts and Sciences, Department of Pol., St. Louis, Sept., 1904.) Recent Immigration, A Field Neglected by the Scholar. Convoca- tion Speech at the University of Chicago, Dec. 20, 1904. See the Univ. Rec., ix : 9 (Jan., 1905); also Commons, x : 9-19 (Jan., 1905). Report of Speech at Meeting of the Women's Trade Union League. Charities, xiv : 609-610 (Apr. 1, 1905). Poem: The House Stands on a Busy Street. Commons, x : 225 (Apr., 1905). The Day Nursery (Report of speech at meeting of Chicago Social Service Club). Char, and Commons, xv : 411-412 (Dec. 30, 1905). Probation Work under Civil Service. Char, and Commons, xv : 881-882 (Mar. 17, 1906). Public Recreation and Social Morality. Char, and Commons, xviii: 492-494 (Aug. 3, 1907). History of the Child Labor Committee. Awn. Amer. Acad, of Pol. and Soc. Sci., xxxiii: 28-30 (Mar., 1909). The Reaction of Moral Instruction Upon Social Reform. Survey, xxii: 17 (Apr. 3, 1909). Bad Boy in the Street. Ladies Home Jour., xxvi: 17 (Oct., 1909). The Chicago Settlements and Social Unrest. Char, and Commons, xx : 155-166 (May 2, 1908). Some Reflections on the Failure of the Modern Age to Pro- vide Recreation for Young Girls. Char, and Commons, xxi: 365-368 (Dec. 5, 1908). Woman Suffrage and the Protection of the Home. Ladies Home Jour., Jan., 1910. Char- ity and Social Justice. North Amer. Rev., July, 1910 — Abbott, Edith: English Working Women and the Franchise. Atlantic Mo., Sept., 1908 — Abbott, Grace: The Bulgarians of Chicago. Char, and Commons, xxi: 653-660 (Jan. 9., 1909). Study of the Greeks in Chicago. Am. Journal of Sociol., xvi: 379-93 (Nov., 1909). The Chicago Employment Agency and the Immigration Worker. Am. Jour, of Sociol., xiv : 289-305. The Immi- grant and the Municipal Problem. Proceedings Cincinnati Conference for Good City Government. (15th Annual Meeting, National Municipal League.) Topical Abstract of Juvenile Court Laws. In Juvenile Court Laws in the United States Summarized, pp. 119- 142. N. Y., Charities Publication Committee, 1910. (Russell Sage Foundation Publica- tion.) — Borosini, Victor von: Hull-House, ein Amerikanisches Settlement. Blaetter fuer vergleichende Rechtswissenschaft (Berlin), 1907. Hygienisches aus Chicago. Blaetter fuer sopale Medinin (Berlin), 1907. Amana Kommunismus auf christlicher Grundlage. Die Hilfe, 1909. Der Probation Officer. Jugendfuersorge, 1907. Amerikanische Jugendge- richte. Jugendwohlfahrt, 1908. Die neueste Entwickelung der Jugendgerichtein den Ver. St. Jugendwohlfahrt, 1910. Hull-House. MitteUungen des ytamhurger Pdksbeim, 1910. Our Recreation Facilities and the Immigrant Ann. Amer.-Acad, of Pol. and Soc. Sci., Mar., 1910. Neueste Entwiklung des amerik. Armenwesens. Zeitschriftfur Armenwesen, 1910 — Breckinridge, Sophonisba P.: Child Labor Legislation. Elementary School Teacher, ix : 511-517. Illinois Ten Hour Law. Jour, of Pol. Econ., June, 1910. Neglected Widowhood in the Juvenile Court. Amer. Jour, of Sociol., xvi : 53-88 — Breckinridge, Sophonisba P., and Abbott, Edith: Chicago's Housing Problem, I, II and III. Amer. Jour, of Sociol., xvi: 145-146; 289-308; 433-468 — Britton, James A.: Child Labor and the Juvenile Court Ann. Amer. Acad, of Pol. and Soc. Set. (Supplement), March, 1909. Juvenile Court Children. Archives of Pediatrics, Feb., 1909 — Britton, Gertrude Howe: An Intensive Study of the Causes of Truancy in Eight Chicago Public Schools. (Report to Chicago Conference on Truancy, Dec., 1906.) — Crowell, F. Elizabeth: The Mid- wives of Chicago. Report of a Joint Committee of the Chicago Medical Society and Hull- House. Jour, of Amer. Med. Assoc., i: 1346 (1908) — Gernon, Maud; Howe, Gertrude; Hamilton, Alice, M.D.: An Inquiry into the Part Rayed by the House Fly in the Recent Epidemic of Typhoid Fever. Published by the City Homes Association. See also: Com- mons, viii, No. 82 (May, 1903) — Hamilton, Alice, M.D.: The Part played by the House Fly in the Spread of Typhoid Infection. Jour, of Amer. Med. Assoc., vol. i (1903). A Study Tuberculosis in Chicago, Founded on Statistics by Dr. Theodore Sachs and a64 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS house-to-house Investigation by Miss Bertha Hazard, Hull-House. Published by the City Homes Association, 1905. The Social Settlement and Public Health. Cbar. and Commons, xvii: 1037-1040 (Mar. 9, 1907). Industrial Diseases. Cbar. and Commons, xx : 655-659 (Sept. 5, 1908). Excessive Child-Bearing as a Factor in Infant Mortality. Amer. Acad, of Med. Butt., xi: 181 (1910) — Hooker, George E.: Social Feeling in Great Britain: Out- look, October, 1896, pp. 685-686. Readings for Twenty Evenings on Better Dwellings, Parks and Playgrounds, Franchises, A Municipal Labor Policy and Public Beauty. A syllabus of studies carried on for two years by the Municipal Science Club at evening meetings. 8 pages (1897). As Secretary of Committee wrote report of so-called “ Harlan ” committee of City Council on Street Railways of Chicago. 313 pages (March, 1898) — Hull-House Recreation Guide. A list of Pleasant Places for 19th Warders to go. Arranged in order of cost for Round Trip, to pages (1906). The Traction Ordinances. Pamphlet analyzing the traction ordinances (March 9, 1907). Traffic and the City Plan. Cbar. and Commons, xix : 1491-93 (Feb. 1,1908). The New Chicago. Digest of Report of Commer- cial Club on A Plan of Chicago. Survey, xxii: 778-90 (Sept. 4,1909) — Hunt, Milton B.: Housing of Non-Family Groups of Working Men. Amer. Jour, of Sociol., xvi : 146-70 (Sept., 1910) — Johnson, Amanda: Clean Streets and Alleys. See Report of the Sunset Club (Jan. 12, 1899) — Kelley, Florence: The Working Boy. Amer. Jour, of Sociol., ii: 358-368 (Nov., 1896). Child Labor Law. Amer. Jour, of Sociol., iii : 490-501 (Jan., 1898). Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika. Das Gesetz iiber freie Volksbibliotheken des Staates Illinois. Arcbiv fur so^iale Geset^gebung und Statistik. Band Heft. Berlin. The United States Supreme Court and the Utah Eight-Hour Law. Amer. Jour, of Sociol., July, 1898. Women’s Clubs vs. Child Labor. Signed by Caroline D. G. Granger, Florence Kelley and Jane Addams. Commons, viii, No. 84 (July, 1903) — Lathrop, Julia C.: The Isolation of Our Public Charities. Commons, vi, No. 65 (Dec., 1901). Women in the Care of the Insane. Amer. Jour, of Nursing, xi : 450 (1901-1902). Village Care of the Insane. Reprinted from the Report of the Twenty-ninth National Conference of Charities and Corrections. George H. Ellis, printer, 272 Congress Street, Boston, 1902. Reform of a City Poor House. Commons, ix : 40-43 (1904) — Moore, E. C.: Social Value of the Saloon. Amer. Jour, of Sociol., iii : 1-12 (July, 1897) — Stevens, Alzina Parsons: Die Gewerkvereine der Vereinigten Staaten. Arcbiv fur so^iale Geset^gebung und Statistik. Band Heft, Berlin — Westcott, O. D.: The Men of the Lodging Houses. Commons, viii, No. 86 (Sept., 1903). Hyde Park Center 5643 Lake Avenue (1909-) Founded Fall of 1909, by the Hyde Park Juvenile Protection League “to provide facilities for wholesome play, social expression and training in the in- dustrial arts under proper supervision.” Maintained by membership dues of 11.00 from approximately five hundred members resident in the district between 50th and 59th Street, Lake Michigan on the east, and Cottage Grove Avenue on the west; together with extra subscriptions of from $1.00 to $5.00 per month from approximately one hundred subscribers in this resident district. Neighborhood. The neighborhood is a good residence locality (in which is the University of Chicago), with the exception of four to six blocks located from 53rd to 57th Streets, along the side of the Illinois Central tracks on Lake and Jefferson Avenues. A “wet” district, and a large number ©f saloons are located on Lake Avenue from 53rd toILLINOIS 65 57th Streets. There is quite a large colored population living on Lake and Jefferson Avenues, employed mainly as waiters in nearby hotels. Maintains manual training; domestic science; sewing classes; kindergarten; library and reading room; singing classes; gymnastic work for boys and girls, indoors and outdoors; eight rooms in the center; baseball, football in the neighborhood lots. Two covered pavilions, one for boys and one for girls, with outdoor gymnastic apparatus. Literature. Hyde Park Juvenile Protective League leaflet for 1909 — Hyde Park Center Bulletin No. 1, Jan. 27, 1910 — Hyde Park Center Bulletin No. a, June 1, 1910. For information apply to Mrs. Anna W. Thompson, Corresponding Secretary, 5747 Washington Avenue, Chicago, 111. Neighborhood House 6710 May Street (1906-) Established in the Fall of 1897, by Mrs. Harriet Van Der Vaart as the outgrowth of a kindergarten opened in 1896 by the young people of the Univer- salist Church of Englewood "to bring together for mutual benefit people of different classes and conditions." Became independent of the church in 1900, and in 1903 reorganized and incorporated as the Neighborhood House Associa* tion, with a board of twenty-five directors, most of whom live in the neighbor- hood, who hold title to the property and largely manage internal affairs. Shares in the buildings of the association were sold in the neighborhood at five dollars each. Maintained by dues, subscriptions, etc. Neighborhood. A tenement district of small houses. The people are of Irish, Dutch, Bohemian and Italian extraction; and are mostly small wage-earners. Activities. Co-operation with the neighborhood in securing a small park; in co-operation with its public schools secured several kindergartens, a summer manual training school; provided public library service. The resi- dents have been active in the Woman's Trade Union League and the Child Labor Committee. Mrs. Van Der Vaart as chairman of the industrial committee of the State Federation of Women's Clubs made a study of working children in Chicago and Cook County, and did much to secure the present legislation. As secretary of the Consumers' League she has had opportunity to insist on the enforcement of the same law. Anna Nicholes has exerted a most effective influence as secretary of the Woman’s Trade Union League and editor of the woman's de- partment of the Union Labor Advocate, Maintains industrial school; music school; clubs for women, young men and women, and children, for literary, dramatic and social ends. The nearby center provides gymnasium, playground and library facilities, and the house secures lectures for the center. Many plays, entertainments, lectures, socials, etc. Summer Work.—Vacation work in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies. Former Locations. 1550 Sixty-ninth St., 1896-1899; 1224 West Sixty-seventh St., 1899-1906. Residents. Women 3, men 1. Volunteers. Women 40, men 9. Head Resident. (Mrs.) Harriet Van Der Vaart, 1896-. 666 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Literature. I. General References. Annual Prospectus of the Steward Avenue Universalist Church, Chicago — Articles in the weekly Messenger, published by the church — Prospectus of Steward Avenue Universalist Church, 1899-1900 — Neigh- borhood House Association. Co-operation, iv : 343 (Oct. 15, 1904) — A People’s Own Neighborhood Center. Commons, x : 43-49 Gan., 1905) — Neighborhood House Plans. Co-operation (Chicago), v : 20 (May 20, 1905) — A Co-operative Neighborhood House, Chicago. Cbar. and Commons, xv : 734-735 (Feb. 24, 1906). II. Social Studies by Residents. Van Der Vaart, Harriet M.: Our Working Children in Illinois. Commons, vii, No. 79 (Feb., 1903). Child Workers at the Holiday Season. Commons, ix : 57-59 — Nicholes, Anna E.: From School to Work. A Study of the Central Office for issuing Child Labor certificates. Reprint from Commons issued by the Illinois Branch of the Consumers’ League. Votes and Wages for Women. Issued by Illinois Equal Suffrage Association. Northwestern University Settlement 1400 Augusta Street, corner Noble Street (1901-) Established December, 1891, by Charles Zueblin and Mr. and Mrs. Clark Tisdale in a flat at 143 West Division Street, and organized as the North- western University Settlement in December, 1891, by Professor Charles Zueblin, Mrs. Henry Wade Rogers and members of the faculty and students of the North- western University *‘to serve as a neighborhood center for the community.” Incorporated 1898. Maintained by individual subscriptions and volunteer service. Neighborhood. “There is no more strategic point for social and civic work in our entire city than this corner, just a step south from Milwaukee Avenue, midway of that great thoroughfare of the Northwest Side. . . . Within a mile radius from the settle- ment sixteen languages are spoken. Immediately north and west centers the great Polish community of Chicago—the second Polish city in the world. All about us the problem of the Americanization of foreign peoples is being slowly worked out, and ’Americans in process’ is the order of the day. In the nearby streets and tenements Pole and Bohemian, Russian and Italian, Jew and German with Scandinavian and American children contend for mastery in the struggle of the nations. To bring these divided peoples together, to soften the asperities of national, religious, race and political prejudices, and to aid in the development from these diverse types and habits of thought a common standard of en- lightened American citizenship—surely this is a task worthy of the most persistent zeal and the highest courage.” Activities. Many efforts to better the physical conditions of the neigh- borhood. Carried on preliminary investigations into housing, as a result of which the City Homes Association study was undertaken. Members of the settlement served from time to time as sanitary inspectors; and constant work has been done to secure adequate city sanitary service. Maintained a play- ground in 1899, and has been active since 1891 in efforts to secure more ade- quate play spaces for its district. Secured a free public bath in 1905. Carried on a campaign against corrupt dance halls, and has in many other ways stood for the moral welfare of its neighborhood. In co-operation with The Commons and Raymond Robins (one time head resident, and still residentILLINOIS 67 in the district), the house has had a share in sending to the city council a series of honest and efficient public servants. Investigations into aspects of neighborhood life by University students. For some years maintained a dispensary; a coffee house and food station (1897-1904); day nursery; opened the pioneer pasteurized milk station (1898-); playground (1899); Fresh Air station for babies (1906); most of which activities are now being carried on by special agencies. Maintains kindergarten; library, picture library; classes in manual training, domestic science, sewing, embroidery, dressmaking, elocution; music school (voice, piano, violin, chorus, band); mechanical drawing; dancing; physical culture; night school in English. Clubs for games and stories, athletics, debating, etc.; women's and girls* clubs; men's clubs with literary and musical interests (civic club and Paderewski Singing Society). The house is a center of meeting for many independent national Polish and other organiza- tions. There is a Neighborhood Guild "made up of one delegate from each self-governing organization meeting in the house, one delegate from any neighborhood organization of social, educational or civic character, the principals of the public schools of the neighbor- hood, the directors of each department of work in the Northwestern University Settlement, and one delegate from the council of the settlement. The guild meets monthly for dinner, the transaction of business and the discussion of subjects of interest to the neighbor- hood.” Numerous lectures, entertainments, receptions, festivals, etc. Summer Work.— Modified milk station; Fresh Air station and clinic for babies (co-operation Relief Aid and Visiting Nurse Association); vacations in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies; picnics and excursions; vacant land gardening. Two camps, one for mothers and babies, capacity 30; one for boys, capacity 30. Caddie corps at Glenview Golf Club. Former Locations. 143 West Division St., Fall, 1891; 225 West Division St., Winter, 1891; 26(21) Rice St., 1892-1895; 252 West Chicago Ave., Nov., 1895-1901. Residents. Women 12, men 2. Volunteers. Women 140, men 10. Head Residents. Mrs. Henry Sly, June, 1893-June, 1899; Harry Ward, Oct., 1898-Fall, 1900; William Hard, 1901-1902; Russell J. Wilbur, 1902-1903; Raymond Robins, 1903-1905; Harriet Vittum, Oct. 4, 1907-. Literature. I. Authorized Statements. Annual reports, circulars, announce- ments, bulletins, etc. — The Neighbor. Published monthly by the settlement "for the information of the clubs and classes, the neighborhood people, and the non-resident workers and friends of the settlement.” Nov. 15, 1899-January, 1903 — Bogardus, Emory S.: A History of the Northwestern University Settlement. 1908-9 (Unpublished). On file at NorthwestenrUniversity, and at the settlement. See also: Prospect Union Rev., i. No. 3 (Apr. 18, 1894) — Northwestern Christian Advocate, October, 1896 — Vincent, Bishop J. H.; The University Settlement. Chicago, G. Curtis and Jennings. Paper, net, 10 cents — Northwestern University Settlement. Commons, ix : 279, 510 (1904). II. Studies Made by University Fellows. Nesmith, George T.: Housing Conditions in the Sixteenth Ward, 1899. (On file.) — Marsh, Daniel L.: History of the Polish People of the Seventeenth Ward, 1906-7. (On file.) — Nagley, Frank A.; In- vestigation into Amusements. (Led to prosecution of saloon and nickel show operators.) 1907-8. (On file.) — Bogardus, Emory S.: A History of the Northwestern University Settlement, and A Study of the Psychology of Adolescence. Based on new data regarding conditions in the Seventeenth Ward, 1908-9. III. Social Studies by Residents. Robins, Raymond: The Tramp Problem Commons, vii. No. 74. (Sept., 190a). How a Union Inspired a Working Woman. Com-68 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS mans, ix : 260 (June, 1904). — Wilbur, Russell F.: What the Social Movement May Not Fairly Expect from Historic Christianity. Commons, viii, No. 8$ (Aug., 1903). South Deering Neighborhood Center (Settlement) 10441 Hoxie Avenue Established February, 1907, as the outgrowth of informal social work in the people’s homes begun by Dr. Harriet Mitchell and Mrs. Alex Natanson in 1907. Aims "to offer a place of recreation and instruction to children who have but few advantages in home life. These children are largely foreign but it is difficult to get hold of them; the American children so far have had the largest benefit from the work.” Supported by the Wisconsin Steel Mills, and the Byproduct Coke Corporation. Neighborhood. South Deering near the McCormick Steel Mills. The people are Swedes, Irish, Poles and Italians. There is little social life in the district, only one school and one hall over a saloon, but many saloons. South Chicago is a mile and a half away by trolley. Maintains library; classes in manual training, cooking, electricity, dancing, and music. Former Location. 2608 One Hundred and Sixth St. Residents. Women 2. Volunteers. Women 3, men 2. Head Residents. Dr. Harriet Mitchell, Feb., 1907-Sept., 1907; Mrs. Hamlin, Sept., 1907-Jan., 1908; Mrs. Howe, June, 1908-Sept., 1909; Mrs. Francis Bass, Sept., 1909-1910; (Mrs.) Sarah A. Kenney, 1910-. South End Center (Settlement) 3212 Ninety-first Street (1908-) Established November 9, 1907, by Grace Darling and the South End Woman's Club, " to promote the physical, educational, social, civic and religious welfare of the community." The Settlement Association was organized April, 1908. N eigh borhood. South Chicago, which is a great industrial quarter grown up about the plant of the Illinois Steel Company. Open sewers abound and the housing is the worst in the city. Tenements are packed with people, living the most wretched and squalid lives. The people are Poles, Hungarians, Lithuanians, Swedes, Germans, Irish, etc. There are two small parks in the neighborhood. Maintains day nursery; resident nursing service; library; playground; classes in pottery, civics, drawing, cooking, sewing, shirtwaists, dancing, music; English and Shakes- peare; clubs with athletic, dramatic, literary and social interests; various lectures, enter- tainments and socials. Summer Work.—Playground; co-operation in the campaign to save babies, including milk station, clinics, educational visiting, etc.; excursions; vacations in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies; baseball league; some camping, and picnics each week. Former Locations. 8951 Superior Ave., Nov. 9, 1907-May, 1908. Residents. Women 4, men 1. Volunteers. Women 20, men 5. Head Resi- dent. Grace Darling, 1907- Literature. Authorized Statements. Year Book, 1908-9. South Chicago Settlement. Cbar. and Commons, xix : 1774 (Mar. 21, 1908). See also: St. Paul’s Parish Record, 1909.ILLINOIS 69 University of Chicago Settlement 4630 Gross Avenue (1905-) Established January, 1894, by the Philanthropic Committee of the Christian Union of the University of Chicago, with two graduate students (William Johnson and Max West) in residence “to provide a center for edu- cational, religious and philanthropic work.” Miss McDowell became head resident Sept. 15, 1894. Aims: "We believe that God hath made of one blood all nations of men, and that we are His children, brothers and sisters all. We are citizens of the United States, and believe our Flag stands for self-sacrifice for the good of all the people. We want to be true citizens of this our city, and therefore will show our love for her by our works. Chicago does not ask us to die for her welfare; she asks us to live for her good, so to live and so to act that her government may be pure, her officers honest, and every home within her boundaries be a place fit to grow the best kind of men and women to rule over her.”—Young Citizen's Creed, by Mary E. McDowell. Incorporated 1898. Maintained by subscriptions collected by the University Settlement Board, assisted by the Women’s University Settlement League, by collections from the Sunday service of the University of Chicago, by private contributions, and by settlement clubs. Neighborhood. The neighborhood is “in the southwest corner of that square mile, which includes the Union Stock Yards and the great packing houses, where each day 100,000 animals are slaughtered for the world’s market. The physical appearance is that of a frontier prairie town, the dwelling houses being mostly of wood. A little cottage is perhaps purchased on monthly payments and often rented to from three to six families with boarders. Later it is moved to the rear of the lot and a two-story frame tenement with an attic is built on the front of the lot. The landlord, the owner of the original cot- tage, may continue to live in it, though a little later both houses are apt to come into the possession of the Lithuanian or Polish man, who is 'getting along’ and becoming the capi- talist of the community. “ Fifteen years ago, when the settlement was established, only a few of these streets were paved, there was no sewer connection with the houses, streets were lighted by lamps, the ditches were covered with a green scum from standing water, transportation was by horse cars, and the sidewalks were of wood. Within the last two years concrete sidewalks have been made, some of the streets have been paved, most of the houses have sewer con- nection, the cars are run by electricity, and a few streets have electric lights. Two large banks have been built on the comer of 47th Street and Ashland Avenue, and several large department stores have been opened; one of them, a very successful co-operative store, run by Lithuanians and called 'The Star,* has weathered the panic and is planning to put up a building of its own. New industries are coming into the community, such as a large foundry and other manufactories. There are still many streets unpaved, many ditches with green scum, while the city garbage dump, which twelve years ago completely ruined a whole settlement of little houses, produces in August a heavy death rate of babies. This garbage dump has been fought by the community every spring, but is still here. The old Irish, Scotch and English neighbors have been supplanted by the Bohemian, Pole, Slovac, Lithuanian, Gallician, Croatian and Slovenian. “This is an industrial community, not a slum, and the standard of life is influenced70 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS by the work and wages in ‘the yards.’ There is a saloon for about every twenty-three voters. The saloon is the most hospitable place in the community to the non-English speaking people. One Slovac saloon has all the Slovac papers. The intelligent saloon keeper is the friend and counsellor of his people. They meet in the back of his saloon as they would in a club house. The only place near the Stock Yards which offers a comfort- able seat at a table during the lunch hour is the saloon, which is crowded at the noon half-hour. It is also, unfortunately, the political as well as the social center, and the saloon keeper, with the ward politician, is too often the only interpreter of American institutions. The present 1910 alderman is a saloon keeper and the Republican candidate for the legis- lature is also a saloon keeper.” Activities. I. Investigations. Many informal studies of particular phases of neighborhood life, mostly for some immediate use. See bibliography. II. Efforts to Better District Conditions, (i) Housing.—Constant efforts for more adequate building laws and better sanitary regulations; se- curing by individual complaint such remedy as is possible from the city depart- ments. (2) Streets and Refuse.—Through personal work and the education of children in the summer schools an increasing demand for adequate street and sanitary service is being created. A long continued effort for the removal of the city dump and “Bubbly Creek,” a foul and pestilence breeding stream, has been so far unsuccessful. Through the efforts of the 29th Ward Improve- ment Association the superintendent of streets and alleys for the 29th Ward and the foreign interpreter and instructor for the department are living at the settlement. (Aug., 1910.) (3) Play Spaces.—Provided a playground with supervised play for many years, and did much to create the public opinion which secured the neighborhood play center. (4) Public Schools.—The settlement from the first year of its history has co-operated with the public school. It was the pioneer in securing kindergartens and manual training; it secured a school for deaf children for the west part of the city; the opening of a neighborhood school for public lectures; the first experiments in school nursing, picture ex- hibitions and social work for adults were tried under the auspices of the settle- ment. It promoted the first and had the second vacation school; initiated excursions, and civic work for children. The first “social secretary” of a Chi- cago school is a resident of the house, holding a fellowship from the educational department of the Chicago Woman’s Club. (5) Labor.—Campaign of educa- tion against the vicious industrial system of the stock yards, which keeps from one thousand to three thousand people on hand as surplus labor, and which disregards equally public health, the independence and spirit of men, the virtue of women, and the future of little children in the scramble for money. The settlement was established after the unsuccessful strike of 1894, which led to the disintegration of the unions, but has always stood for the right of organization, and in the strikes since 1894 has done what it could to uphold the unions. Largely instrumental in securing the United States investigation into the physi- cal, moral and industrial conditions of women and children. (6) Economic.— Assisted in the organization of the Bureau of Charities and the district branch. The Woman’s Club has a loan fund for members. Workroom for sewing andILLINOIS 71 repairing (winter of 1897); legal aid service (1895 ff.); and in the strike of 1904 provided milk for many families in need (seventy gallons a day). (7) Moral.—A resident established informal juvenile probation service in 1894, and became the district officer when the juvenile court was secured. A movement is under way to secure a boarding house for immigrant girls in order to mitigate the evils attendant on the “boarder” habit of immigrant families. (8) Health.—A clinic was maintained for several years. A resident was for some years an inspector of schools, and made valuable studies in the health of school children, conducted inquiries into tuberculosis, sanitation, etc., in the neighborhood. III. Local Institutional Improvement. Started the first public library service in the quarter, and later housed a branch of the public library, which has become a part of the Park Center equipment. Secured a public park and a public bath, largely through the efforts of its Woman’s Club. IV. General Propaganda. Residents are represented on many na- tional, state and local bodies; and give their services constantly in general social educational work, and in presenting phases of the industrial and social needs of its neighborhood. Maintains library; kindergarten; resident nurse; probation officer; social work in the Hamlihe School; school of citizenship; neighborhood parties (Poles, Slovaks, Bohemians, Finns); lectures and opportunity for meeting of independent organizations; classes in gymnastics, manual training, natural science, metal work, cooking, sewing, music (piano, chorus, orchestra), dancing. There are many clubs of women, young men and women, and children, with athletic, literary, social and other interests. The Park Centers have freed the settlement for special social and educational work with foreigners, and for clubs with special interests not yet supplied by public enterprise. Summer Work.— Medical and nursing service; summer tent for sick babies; playground for kindergarten children; excursions and picnics; vacations in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies. Former Locations. 4655 Gross Ave., 1894-1869; 4638 Ashland Ave., 1896-1905. Residents. Women 21, men 5. Head Resident. Mary E. McDowell, 1894-. Literature. I. Authorized Statements. Report, 1896. President’s Report of the University of Chicago, pp. 208-216, July, 1899 — McDowell, Mary E.: Report of the University of Chicago Settlement. Pamphlet. 1901 — Barnes, C.R.: Religious Work at the University of Chicago. Univ. Rec., May 11, 1901 — Annual Report, 1901-1902, Reprint from Univ. of Chicago Rec>, April, 1902 — The Tenth Anniversary of the Uni- versity of Chicago Settlement. Univ. Rec., viii: 338 (Feb., 1904) — Bass, Laura S.; Report. Univ. Rec., viii, No. 12 (April, 1904) — McDowell, Mary E.: The Activities of the University of Chicago Settlement. Univ. Rec., xii, No. 3 (Jan., 1908) — Report, 1908. II. Articles on Settlement by Residents. McDowell, Mary E.; Settlement Work in the Stock Yards. World Rev., i: 380 (June 1, 1901) — At the Heart of the Pack- ingtown Strike. Commons, ix : 397-402 (Sept., 1904). See also: University of Chicago Settlement. Prospect Union Rev., i, No. 3 (1894) — Thatcher, Oliver J.; The University of Chicago Settlement. Univ. Extension World, pp. 112-114 (Apr., 1894) Lovett, Robert M.; The University of Chicago Settlement. Prospect Union Rev., i: 7 (1894) — Uni- versity of Chicago Settlement. Kingdom (Minneapolis), Oct. 18, 1895 — Gavit, John P.: Mary E. McDowell, A Settlement Worker. Commons, Jan., 1898 — Some Social Aspects of the Chicago Stock Yards (for University Settlement surroundings and condi-72 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS tions). Amer. Jour, of Sociol., vii : 145, 289, 433, 687 (1901-1902) — A Noble Woman. Souvenir Journal of the Amalgamated Meat Cutters and Butcher Workers, May, 1904 — Among the Bohemians of Chicago (University Settlement). Charities, xii: 287 (1904) — The University of Chicago Settlement (Stock Yards Strike). Commons, ix : 506-7 (Oct., 1904) — McDowell, Mary: American M., Jan., 1911. III. Articles or Social Studies by Residents. Bell, Jessie F., and Bugbey, Caro B.: Neighborhood Housing Conditions (two studies for the Sage Fund, Chicago School of Civics) — Hedger, Caroline: Tuberculosis in the Stock Yards District. III. State Med. Jour., Dec., 1906 — Physical Examination of Below Grade Children. III. State Med. Jour., Apr., 1909 — Kennedy, J. C.: A Survey of the Stock Yards District (Unpub.) — Masaryk, Alice G.: The Bohemians in Chicago. Char, and Commons, xviii: 206-210 (Dec. 3, 1904) — McDowell, Mary E.: Social Settlements Defined. Commons, Aug., 1900. Story of a Woman's Labor Union. Commons, vii, No. 78 (Jan., 1903). Women Workers. Souvenir Journal of Amalgamated Meat Cutters and Butcher Workmen (May, 1904). The Struggle in the Family Life of Bohemians. Charities, xiii: 196-197 (Dec. 3, 1904). Report of a speech at a meeting of the Women's Trade Union League. Charities, xiv : 609 (Apr. 1, 1905). An Embodiment of the Social Spirit (Hull- House Women's Club Building). Commons, x : 223-225 (Apr., 1905). The Field Houses of Chicago and their Possibilities. Char, and Commons, xviii : 535-538 (Aug. 3, >907)- Activities of University of Chicago Settlement. Univ. Rec., xii: 11-15 (Jan., 1908). The Girts' Bill. Survey, xxii : 509-513 (July 3, 1909). The City and Neighborhood. Chapter in The Socialized Church. Articles in Northwestern Christian. Pub. by Eaton and Main, N. Y. Advocate, and The Standard (Baptist paper) — Mead, George Herbert: The Social Settlement: Its Basis and Function. Univ. Rec., xii. No. 3 (Jan., 1909) — Montgomery, Louise: Social Work in the Hamline School. Elementary School Teacher, viii, No. 3 (Nov., 1907). Soil in Which Repeaters Grow. Survey, xxiii: 77-81 (Oct. 9, 1909) — Varkala, Joseph: The Packing House Industry. The Weakening Effect of the Saloon on Society. A comparative study of student life in Russia and America. The Expression in Modern Philosophy of the Labor Movement in Germany, France, and England. (Unpublished). Wentworth Neighborhood Center Forty-third Place and Wentworth Avenue Established November, 1909, by Lillie Anna Pfeiffer. Neighborhood. A quarter inhabited by laboring men and their families, most of whom are ambitious to give their children better opportunities than they enjoyed. Ra- cially they are of Irish and German extraction with some Italians, Austrians, Hungarians, Lithuanians, Poles, Jews and Negroes. There are well defined groups of the above nationalities although almost every nation is represented somewhat. The immigrant groups are rapidly increasing. Maintains library; classes in drawing, sewing; choruses; clubs for games; moth- ers’ club. Occasional lectures, and small exhibitions of art; concerts once in a while. Summer Work.—Qutings and gardening. Residents. . Women 2, men 1. Head Resident. Lillie Anna Pfeiffer.ILLINOIS 73 CHICAGO NEIGHBORHOOD HOUSES MAINTAINING RELIGIOUS INSTRUCTION Abraham Lincoln Center (Independent) Oakland Boulevard and Langley Avenue Founded May, 1905, by Jenkin Lloyd Jones and the All Souls Church, continuing broad neighborhood and social activities dating back to October, 1886. Aims: " 1. A central point to which the needs of the individual, the home, and the community, the child, the lonely, the sick, the wayward, the noble, the efficient, will tend. 2. A spiritual power house from which will radiate as many human helps,—physical, intellectual, artistic, social, ethical, and religious,—as possible. The purpose has been the same from the beginning.” Neighborhood. A well-to-do section of Chicago, situated on the border of a tenement district of small wage-earners. It draws its constituency from the tenements, the lodging houses, apartments and homes, and in this mixing of classes finds much strength. The people are largely Americans; many of them of German, Irish and Jewish extraction. Activities. Co-operation in many of the city movements for better housing, sanitary and social conditions; and through lectures and public work has helped to extend the neighborly philosophy behind the "Center” enter- prises. Maintains in addition to the religious and charitable work of the church, Unity, a weekly independent journal; a public library and reading room; kindergarten; educational department with weekly lectures on religion and literature; university extension lectures; classes in German and French; lectures and meetings of two independent women's clubs, the Arch6 Club and the Nik£ Club; classes in domestic science, manual training, gymna- sium for men and women, boys and girls; boys' club; entertainments, socials, etc. Summer Work.—Stated activities; some classes and lectures; gardening in connection with the City Garden Association; vacation home and summer school at Tower Hill, Spring Greene, Wisconsin. Residents. Women 12, men 3. Volunteers. Women 5, men 3. Head Resi- dent. Jenkin Lloyd Jones, 1905-. Literature. 1. Authorized Statements.—Year Books of AH Souls Church from 1884-1906. Year Books of Lincoln Center, <906-7-8-9 (especially 1907, Twenty-fifth Annual and a historical number). Various leaflets (to be obtained at the Center). Articles by the Head Resident in issues of Unity. Association House (Formerly Y. W. C. A. Settlement) 2150 West North Avenue (1906-). Girls’ Camp, Lake Delavan, Ill. Boys’ Camp, Ridge Farm, Danville, Ill. Established June, 1899, by the North Side Y. W. C. A. under the aus- pices of the American Committee of Y. W. C. Associations to carry on work among young women. The work was gradually expanded to include women, children, men, and boys. Purposes: "The establishment of a Christian center for all of the girls and boys, men and women who come within its radius. It is74 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS a place for social intercourse and for wholesome pleasure and relaxation, as well as for helpfulness in many practical lines, but most of all a place where the Lord Jesus is the center of all life. The strength and hope of Association House is in the witness of those who have found in Him the controlling power of their lives. It rejoices in its members who have gone back to their homes, their churches and their places of employment, taking this power with them.” Incorporated 1899 “to carry on a gospel settlement work.” Maintained by subscriptions. Neighborhood. Elston Avenue to Kedzie Avenue, Fullerton Avenue to Erie Street. Population, 250,000; under 21 years, 115,000. Foreigners, 175,000. Polish, 41,000; Bohemian, 8,000; Italian, 2,500; English, 5,800; Greeks, 1,000; Jewish, 52,000; German, 15,500; Irish, 8,000; Hollanders, 1,700; Danish, 2,600; Norwegian and Swedish, 27,700. Maintains kindergarten; playground; milk station; library and reading room; rummage sale; gymnasium for girls and women, men and boys; domestic science, includ- ing cooking, dressmaking, millinery, embroidery; educational work in mechanical drawing; electricity; cobbling; pyrography; manual training; photography; printing; sign painting; chorus and orchestra; extension religious work in nearby shops. Many clubs with religious, social, literary, educational and industrial aims; Bible classes; various religious services; entertainments, lectures, etc. Summer Work.—Playground with supervision; shower baths; day outings and picnics; vacations in Association House; cottage for young women; camp for boys and men. Former Locations. 474 West North Ave., 1899-1906; 575 West North Ave., 1902-1906. Residents. Women 16, men 2. Volunteers. Women 50, men 6. Head Resi- dents. Miss C. Y. Morse, 1899; Elizabeth P. Hyatt, 1900; Carrie B. Wilson, 1900-1910; Mary L. Atkins, July, 1910-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Association House. March, 1901 (Con- tains history to date) — Association House, March, 1905 — Leaflet, December, 1906 — Association House Views — Leaflet, 1906-7 — Publishes Association House Review (monthly). See i, No. 1 (Sept., 1909, and Oct., 1909). See also: Wilson, Elizabeth: Asso- ciation Students in Residence. The Evangel. (Apply at house) — Commons, ix : 220 (May, 1904) — Bill, Ingram E.: An Evangelist at Association House. (Apply at house) — Holt, Ellen: Association House. (Apply at house) — By Archer Road, Dec., 1907, p. 11 ff. Central Settlement (Methodist) (Open Church) 1409 Wabash Avenue Settlement features added in 1905 as an outgrowth of the social work of the church to “assist in and supplement the work of the church.” Neighborhood. The church is located in a boarding and lodging house section, near the “Tenderloin” district, where there are few families. Maintains. In addition to the religious services there is a coffee house and noon- day rest for factory operatives; reading room; dispensary; Open Church rummage sales; wood yard; rescue work for women and men; boys’ athletic clubs; girls’ classes in sewing and cooking; entertainments, lectures and concerts. Residents. Rev. C. A. Kelly and family.ILLINOIS 75 Chase House (Episcopal) 637 West Forty-third Street (1907-) Established 1907, by the rector of St. Paul’s Church “to provide social work for parish as well as to meet the needs of a much neglected community.” Neighborhood. East of stock yards in Chicago. The people are predominantly Irish but there are also many Jews. Maintains library; gymnasium classes for boys and children; classes in sewing and cooking; social clubs, entertainments, etc. Summer Work.—Vacations for boys. Former Location. 4444 Emerald Ave. (1907.) Residents. Women 1, men 1. Volunteers. Women 30, men 5. Head Resi- dent. Walter Pond. Chicago Hebrew Institute 1258 West Taylor Street Founded 1906. “The Chicago Hebrew Institute has as its object the creation for the local Jewish community of a center from which shall radiate all forces for the betterment of social conditions, civic, moral and intellectual. Its doors are to be kept wide open for the young and old of both sexes. Democracy is to be there maintained and charity eliminated by the fact that each member is to become a participant in its maintenance. At the Institute there are to be nurtured the Jew’s inborn feelings of initiative and self-dependence by offering him facilities to acquire proficiency in honest and sustaining occupations. The Institute is to be the rallying place of the immigrant in search of true American citizenship, and under its roof are to be sheltered opportunities for advancement in everything that schools, libraries, laboratories, reading, class and club rooms, music and lecture halls and gymnasium can afford. The Institute is, further- more, to provide healthy amusement as well as useful instruction in the arts and sciences, to build up the mind as well as the body, and to train the hands as well as the hearts of Jewish girls and boys. The Institute is to be a People’s Palace maintained for the people, used and governed by the people. It will permit no bounds to limit the sphere of its usefulness for the community.” “ The Chicago Hebrew Institute is an institution which is Jewish and Jewish- American. It serves the large masses of our people who came and are still coming to this city to establish themselves on the new soil, to make their in- herent moral and intellectual forces work under the new conditions, to blend the strong individuality of the Jew with the noble features of the American, to help them to become American Jews.” Supported by subscriptions. Neighborhood. Located in the Jewish immigrant quarter. Maintains People’s Synagogue; Hebrew library; lectures; classes in music and art; night school for immigrants; trade school with classes in plumbing, steam-fitting, carpentry, electrical work, sheet iron and metal work, pattern making, brick laying, and mechanical drawing; classes in manual training and music, including orchestra and band; boys’ gymnasium and club room; classes in domestic arts; lectures on social problems, Jewish history; Sabbath school; lectures in Yiddish; dancing classes and socials. Summer Work.—Playground; kindergarten; gardening; classes in sewing, story telling, games, etc.76 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Head Worker. David Blaustein, Fall, 1909-Fall, 1910; Joseph Pedott, Feb.i, 1911-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Prospectus 1907-8 — Our Programme. Address by Dr. E. A. Fischkin, Chicago Hebrew Institute, 1909. See also: Lipsky, Harry A.: Citizen Making in Chicago. Cbar. and Commons, xv : 882-884 (Mar. 17, 1906) — Hungry School Children in Chicago. Char, and Commons, xxi ’.93-96 (Oct. 17, 1908). Christopher House (Presbyterian) 1528 East Fullerton Avenue (1907-) Established May, 1907, by the First Presbyterian Church of Evanston, as the outgrowth of a mission Sunday school, “for social and religious work.” Aims: “To provide a social, religious and educational neighborhood center.” Neighborhood. A mixed factory and tenement quarter. The neighbors are German, Polish, Servian, Hungarian, Bohemian, and Irish. Activities. Instrumental in securing a municipal playground, a munici- pal bath house, a boys’ club, an investigation of unsanitary tenements. Maintains kindergarten; modified milk station; library; classes in English, sewing, cooking, home hygiene, music, basket and hammock weaving, pottery, drawing, hammered brass and copper, rug making, stenciling, millinery, gymnastics, manual train- ing; clubs with athletic, literary and social aims; lectures, concerts and socials. Sunday school; evening religious service; Bible classes, etc. Summer Work.—Playground (on neighborhood vacant lot); infant hygiene work; backyard gardens; flower distribu- tion; excursions and picnics; vacations in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies. Residents. Women 4. Volunteers. Women 34, men 12. Head Resident. Gertrude E. Griffith, 1906-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Calendars and pamphlets — Notes in “The Field and the Force,” the organ of the church. Emerson House (Congregational) 1802 Emerson Avenue (1910-) Established September 1,1910, “by several residents of the neighborhood, together with a number outside; Warren Avenue Church being especially interested.” Neighborhood. “A large number of factories of various kinds. The population is varied, formerly largely Irish, German, Scandinavian, but the better class have gone farther out and large numbers of Italians, Polish and other immigrants have taken their places. The nearest school reports forty nationalities.” Maintains library and reading room; manual training; domestic science; mothers’ meetings; woman’s club; various clubs for children and young people. Residents. Women 3, men 1. Volunteers. Women 16, men 4. Halsted Street Institutional Church Social Center (Methodist) Halsted and Twentieth Streets Founded October, 1903, to develop and strengthen the work of the church. “The function of the institutional church is two-fold. First, to doILLINOIS 77 what every other church of its denomination does in the way of spiritual minis- tration,—to seek the conversion of its constituency and their union with the church. It has a more definite aim than the mere creation of a neighborhood atmosphere, for it seeks to get men definitely to acknowledge allegiance to Jesus Christ as Master. It generally works, however, in soil that is not fertile, and men, instead of expecting greater results than are realized in churches more fortunately placed, should expect a much smaller return. The second function of the institutional church is that of pure charity,—a guileless investment for Christ’s sake.” “An institutional church is a combination of church and settlement. It is a church socialized and a settlement evangelized. It does all that the church attempts in religious work, and all that the settlement seeks in the way of broad humanitarian charity, carrying on a gospel of evangelization and educa- tion, of spirit and of life. It aims to change not only hearts but environment as well; it ministers not only to the soul but to the body also.” Neighborhood. “Within this territory, embracing one square mile, there is a population of from 35,000 to 40,000. “Racially this is perhaps one of the most cosmopolitan populations in America. In an hour's stroll one may look into the faces of Germans, Bohemians, Bulgarians, Irish, Scotch, Swedes, Norwegians, Danes, Lithuanians, Slovaks, Poles, Hungarians, Greeks and Jews. The census of the Bureau of Education gives thirty different nationalities within the 9th and 10th Wards, in which our district lies. Perhaps the predominant races are Germans and Bohemians, but of late Austro-Hungarian and Russian peoples are rapidly taking possession of our northern and eastern territory. Only one in twenty- six of our population is bom of native parents.” Maintains reading room; lunch room; dispensary; gymnasium; boys’ club; classes in dressmaking, gymnastics (women and men, young people and children in groups); sewing school; women's club; young people's groups and children's clubs. Church ser- vice; many midweek meetings of religious caste; evangelistic services; lectures and entertainments. The Ninth Ward Improvement Association and Branch No. 2 of the Juvenile Protective League meet at the church. Summer Work.—Vacation Bible school; ice and flower distribution; vacations in co-operation with denominational and secular Fresh Air cottages. Head Residents. Rev. D. D. Vaughn, 1910; J. B. Martin, 1910-. Literature. Christian Cosmopolitan, viii, No. 6 (Oct., 1905); ix, No. 5, (Aug., 1906) — By Archer Road, Jan., 1907 — Year Book, 1908 — The Messenger, Oct., 1908. Institutional Church and Social Settlement (Dearborn Center) 3825 Dearborn Street Established 1900, by the African Methodist Episcopal Church, "to better conditions among the poor of all classes.” Incorporated, June, 1900. Maintained by voluntary contributions. Maintains chapel Sunday school; kindergarten; day nursery; kitchen garden; sewing; cooking; girls' club; gymnasium; choral study club; social times. Head Residents. 4 R.C. Ransom, D.D.; J. M. Townsend, D.D.; A. J.Carey, D.D78 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Maxwell Street Settlement (Jewish) 1214 South Clinton Street Established November 11, 1893, by Jacob Abt and Jesse Lowenhaupt “to afford opportunity for personal fellowship and to be of some social service.” The first work for young men and boys was expanded as a broader circle of people were interested. Maintained until 1906 by private subscriptions; after 1906 by private subscription and the Associated Jewish Charities. Neighborhood. In a highly congested and industrially exploited Jewish quarter. Activities. Co-operation in securing better paving; more adequate street lighting; better sanitary service; a public bath and public play center. Maintains library; reading room; savings service; study room for children; noon rest room for factory operatives; night school; housekeeping center; cooking; sewing; music (chorus, piano); dancing. An industrial school close by provides crafts work and gymnasium. The house.is a center for many clubs, some of them independent, with musi- cal, educational, cultural, dramatic, economic, and social interests. Many parties, socials, etc. Summer Work.—Meetings; story hour; vacations in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies, two bus outings for neighborhood women and children every week during the summer; picnics. Former Locations. 185 Maxwell St., 1893-1896; 270 Maxwell St., 1896-1906. Residents. Women 4. Volunteers. Women 49, men 33. Head Residents. Jacob J. Abt, 1893-1897; Aaron Rosenthal, 1897-1900; Miss Mount, 1901-1903; Miss Cleveland, 1903-1904; Miss Clark, 1904-1905; Miss E. Heller, 1905-. Literature. I. Authorized Statements. Announcements, circulars, etc. — Plans for College Settlement Classes, November, 1893 — Outline of Clubs and Classes, September, 1894 — Outline of Clubs and Classes, September, 1910. See also: Maxwell Street Settlement. Prospect Union Rev., i, No. 3 (Apr. 18, 1894). II. Social Studies by Residents. Abt, Jacob J.: The Settlement and Education. Proceedings of the Twenty- third Nat. Conf, of Char, and Corr., 1896 — Maxwell Street, Chicago. Commons, October, 1897. Neighborhood Guild (Episcopal) 2512 Wentworth Avenue Established December 18, 1906, by the Christ Reformed Episcopal Church as the outgrowth of a Sunday school and mission “for religious and social work.” Maintained principally by members of the church. Neighborhood. A mixed factory and tenement district. The neighbors are Austrian, Bohemian, German, and Italian. Maintains Sunday school; library; classes in dressmaking, sewing, cooking, milli- nery, gymnasium; mothers’ club; three girls’ clubs; boys’ clubs; relief work. Summer Work.—Ice distribution; picnics and excursions; vacations in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies; a playroom maintained for little children. Flowers received for the Chicago Flower Mission. Assistant Superintendent. Carrie A. Bradley.ILLINOIS 79 Olivet Institute (Presbyterian) Corner Vedder and Penn Streets Olivet Memorial Church, Corner Vedder and Penn Streets. Olivet House, 701 Vedder Street. Olivet House Annex, 709 Vedder Street. Olivet Dispensary, 717 Vedder Street. Olivet Old Ladies’ Home, 668 Gardner Street. Olivet Old Men’s Home, 1233 Penn Street. Olivet Club House, 713 Vedder Street. Established 1898, by Rev. Norman B. Barr, the outgrowth of institu- tional work begun in 1895 by the Rev. N. B. Q. Gallway. “The aim of the institute is to be a Christ to its community, ministering His truth through the life as well as through the lips, through deeds as well as declarations.” Supported by the free will offerings of the community, about one-fifth of the present budget, the remainder by contributions of organizations and individuals. Neighborhood. “The Olivet Institute Parish is the mile square of the lower north side of the city, including the districts hitherto known as the River District, Goose Island and Little Hell. " The population is 'foreign born,* and their children in the public school are repre- sentatives of the community of twenty-four distinct nationalities, of which the following, in the order named, predominate: Germans, Italians, Scandinavians, Irish, Bohemians, Poles, Hungarians, Negroes, Jews. The Italian is the increasing nationality, driving out the Germans and Scandinavians. Romanism and the Lutheran form of Protestantism are almost the exclusive religious types, and for the most part are the prejudices rather than the religious professions of the people. The population is strictly working class, earning its bread for the most part in the coarser forms of service, with labor the poorest paid, therefore the community is reckoned the 'poorest? ” Activities. “The institution has exerted a wide and deep influence upon the community in the testimony of those who know, wonderfully changing the moral complexion. Through the Public Welfare Club the selling of liquor to minors has been practically eradicated, resulting in the closing of four saloons in the community in the past three years. As a result of further activity, city laws affecting the community are enforced, the garbage and street cleaning service enforced adequately. This club was largely instrumental also in lo- cating in our community a large playground park last year.” Maintains. “For five years the athletic department was conducted with gym- nasium, game room, living room, baths and baseball field. Discontinued in 1909 owing to the establishment of a park and playground. We still have baseball and indoor basket ball teams. The educational department has a savings fund; kindergarten circulating library; weekly lecture course; printing press; woman's club; sewing school; cooking school; music school; manual training school; a variety of clubs; six weeks’ summer vacation school; an orchestra, band, and three choruses; instruction given in expression. In the religious department, besides the regular congregational worship, two services on the Sabbath and noon meetings conducted during the winter in the shops, three per week, and upon the street every evening of the week during the summer. There is a catechism school; Bible school; six Endeavor societies; four classes per week in training for church membership; two missionary societies; Brotherhood; Ladies' Aid Society; ten Thursday circles for religious instruction; union service; a neighborhood Bible class; all of these8o HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS meeting each week except the missionary societies. In the relief department we have a dispensary with a graduate nurse in constant service in the community, attending the physicians at dispensary hours and calling upon patients in the community other hours of the day and night. Seven physicians have appointments each week in various branches of surgery and medicine and render free service. There is an old people’s home with nine women and five men inmates. A mutual insurance company with one hundred members pays death and sick benefits. A general aid society of which the deacons’ board of the church is a part, furnishes special relief in emergencies. Through a loan fund, gift fund, coal fund, second-hand goods room, employment bureau, and burial plot in cemetery, relief is given, and a medical auxiliary also furnishes necessities and delicacies for the side.. The outing department has six acres of property, 275 feet shore line, at Lake Geneva, Wisconsin, with five cottages, dining hall, and twenty tents with conveniences for caring for pay guests and free guests, profits of the pay guests being used to defray the expenses of the free guests.” Residents. Women 9, men 3, children 3. Volunteers. Women on the field 35; off the field 28. Men on the field 24; off the field 19. Head Resident. Norman E. Barr, 1897-. St. Elizabeth Settlement (Catholic) 317 Orleans Street St. Mary’s Settlement (Catholic) 656 West 44th Street Union Avenue Parish House (Methodist) (G. F. Swift Memorial) 4356 Union Avenue Founded 1906, for ‘'institutional religious work, and to aid the community morally, mentally and religiously.” Neighborhood. In the packing house district. The neighbors are largely Irish and American. Maintains religious services; library; gymnasium; bowling alleys; clubs for young men and boys; classes in cooking, elocution, sewing, art, etc. Head Residents. Rev. P. S. Lent and family. JOLIET Chase Avenue Settlement House (Center) 106 Chase Avenue Founded September, 1903, by the Joliet Federation of Women’s Clubs “to help the children of foreigners who work in the mills of the Illinois Steel Company.” Supported by the Women’s Club and by subscriptions. Neighborhood. Mill district of the steel works. Maintains kindergarten; classes in domestic science, manual training, sewing, millinery, basket weaving, etc. For information address Mrs. J. J. Gaskill, 407 W. Marion St., Joliet.ILLINOIS 8l PEORIA Neighborhood House 2000 South Washington Street (1909-) Established November, 1909, as an outgrowth of a mission Sunday school. Maintained by the Peoria Betterment Association. Neighborhood. An industrial neighborhood in the center of breweries, distilleries, cattle barns, stock yards, packing houses, and cooper shops. The population is German- American, Hungarian, Syrian, and American. Maintains day nursery; kindergarten; dispensary; visiting nurse; library; classes in sewing, cooking, manual training, and millinery; boys’ and girls’ clubs. Residents. Women 3, men 1. Volunteers. Women 16, men 6. Head Resi- dent. Winifred H. Lyford, 1909-. QUINCY Cheerful Home Settlement 421 Jersey Street Established February, 1903, by the Cheerful Home Association as an outgrowth of social work begun in 1886 by Cornelia A. Collins in the parlors of the Presbyterian Church. The association aims “ to promote right living, thrift, and happiness, by means of instruction in useful knowledge, industrial train- ing, wholesome recreation and friendly visits.” Neighborhood. The people are largely of German extraction. Activities. The house was instrumental in securing a probation officer, deten- tion rooms for juvenile offenders, the enforcement of the anti-spitting and curfew ordin- ances, an increased appropriation for the city library, etc. Maintains day nursery; kindergarten; library; woman’s club; girls’ and boys* clubs; sewing school; manual training; gymnasium and athletic work; baths; rummage sales; entertainments, lectures, parties and socials. Summer Work.—Boys’ camp. Residents. Women 1. Head Residents. Clara L. Adams, Feb., 1903-June, 1908; Paul H. Metcalf, May, 1905-June, 1908; Annette Kimball, 1908-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Report, 1906 (contains history). ROCK ISLAND Association House 637 Seventeenth Street Established March 1, 1910, under the auspices of the Associated Chari- ties to be "an emergency home and an industrial and social center for women and girls. Also to be a social center for boys. It is non-sectarian and is sup- ported wholly by voluntary contributions.” Neighborhood. We are working especially with the boys of the neighborhood, who are in large proportion the sons of poor working women. Maintains assistance for the needy; lodging for women, young girls and children; day nursery; kindergarten; sewing school; women’s physical culture club; boys’ clubs. Residents. Women 2. Volunteers. Women 12. Supt. Dina Ramser, 1910-, 7INDIANA GARY The Gary Settlement (Presbyterian) 1525 Washington Street (1910-) Established January 1, 1910, by the First Presbyterian Church "for the purpose of assisting the foreigners of the city to learn American ways, and to uplift them mentally, morally, and physically." Maintained by the church and the Women of the Synod of Indiana. Neighborhood. The people are Poles, Slavs, Greeks, Hungarians, Roumanians, etc. Maintains library and reading room; night school; sewing classes for girls and women including dressmaking; domestic science; Sunday school and religious service. Head Worker. Rev. B. M. Baligrodzki, 1910-. INDIANAPOLIS Christamore: The College Settlement (Undenominational) (Formerly Butler College Settlement, April, 1905-April, 1906) 1726-1728 Columbia Avenue (1907- and 1909-) Established April 1, 1905, by Anna C. Stover and Edith D. Surbey "to promote interest in college settlement work, to initiate and further educational and philanthropic enterprises, to investigate and improve existing conditions, and to provide centers for a higher civic-social and religious life by the establish- ment and maintenance of college settlement work and houses in the industrial districts of Indianapolis." Neighborhood. The neighborhood is a tenement quarter built up near a great industrial plant. The people are largely of Indiana-American stock, and mainly Protes- tant. Maintains kindergarten; public bath; library and reading room; station of trained nurse; loan closet; clothing sales; classes in cooking, housekeeping, sewing; clubs for adults, young people, and children, with social and literary aims. All clubs and classes open with Bible teaching and prayer service. Socials, entertainments, etc. Sum- mer Work.—Garden and yard contests. Former Locations. 1718 Arsenal Ave., April, 1905-Oct., 1905; 1910-1912 Co- lumbia Ave., Oct., 1905-Oct., 1907; 1753 Yandes St., Residents* Cottage, 1907-1908. Residents. Women 7. Volunteers. Women 6. Head Resident. Anna C. Stover, April, 1905-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Reports 1906, 1907, 1908, 1909, 1910. 82INDIANA 83 Flanner Guild 875 Colton Street Established March 6, 1889, as the outgrowth of a neighborhood work conducted by the Charity Organization Society on Indiana Avenue for the children of the western part of the city. It was found inexpedient to have colored and white children attending the same institution, and Frank W. Flanner gave the cottage at 819 Rhode Island Street as a neighborhood house for colored boys and girls exclusively. In 1900 the work ran down from lack of funds, but was re-established in 1903 under a new board as “an institution for the industrial and moral uplift of colored girls and boys.” Supported by a grant from the county and by pri- vate subscriptions and fees. Neighborhood. A tenement district of small cottages, inhabited largely by colored people. Maintains day nursery; maternity home for wayward girls; boys' and girls' clubs; choral society for adults; lectures and entertainments; religious and devotional services. Summer Work.—Vacant lot gardening and athletics for boys. Location. 875-881-883-885 Colton St. (formerly called 819 Rhode Island Ave.). Residents. Women 1, men 1. Volunteers. Women 14, men 8. Head Resi- dents. B. J. Morgan, 1889-1906; Gertrude Guthrie, July, 1906-. Literature. Occasional reports. TERRE HAUTE Terre Haute Social Settlement 24 North First Street (1896-) Established March 6, 1896, by Judge D. N. Taylor, “to elevate the community in the section where the settlement is located and to be a home center for the neighborhood.” “The purpose for which this association is organized is to give moral instruction, manual and mental training, and to engage in charitable and benevolent work in the city of Terre Haute, Indiana.” Incorporated, Sept. 10, 1909. Supported by annual pledges. Neighborhood. A mixed factory and tenement quarter of wage-earners. The people are largely American. Maintains library; magazine distribution; visiting nurse; loan closet; industrial insurance; savings; coal station; rummage sales; classes in cooking, embroidery, sewing, physical culture and manual training; clubs for women. Summer Work.—Playground; children's gardens; summer school with various classes. Residents. Women 2, men 2. Volunteers. Women 10, men 2. Head Resi- dents. Mary T. McComb, 1896-1901; Eliza Bowen Warren, 1901-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Head resident's Annual Report.IOWA DES MOINES The Neighborhood House 513 East 13th Street (1910—) Established September 14, 1910, by St. Mark’s Parish, "as a non-sec- tarian social center for the neighborhood.” Aims “to furnish a suitable and attractive environment for young people, and to work for more just social con- ditions.” The work is self-supporting. Neighborhood. A neighborhood of working people in average circumstances. A mixed population with great possibilities. Maintains large gymnasium for all classes; bath rooms; branch of the city library and reading room; play room for children; classes in domestic science; lectures, enter- tainments, dramatic society, and literary clubs; social club for men. Summer Work.— Will consist of tennis and other outdoor games; cross-country expeditions for boys. Residents. Men 2. Head Resident. Thomas Casady. The Roadside Settlement S. E. Seventh and Scott Streets (1906-) Established October, 1896, by the Union of King's Daughters, as an outgrowth of a small day nursery begun in 1891. In 1899 the management was turned over to an independent, incorporated association of men and women. Neighborhood. June 18, 1906, the settlement moved into a specially constructed building in a new neighborhood. (Description of work in previous location given below.) This district, containing about five thousand inhabitants and known locally as the South- east Bottoms, is cut off by physical and social barriers from the rest of the city and has had but little conscious community life of its own. The people are largely American bom, the second generation of Scandinavian and German immigrants. There is a sprinkling of Irish, Swiss and a little colony of lately arrived Syrians. "The people of the Southeast Bottoms are not criminal or vicious as a class. Many of them are poor, some are shiftless and lazy, . . but there are a great number of hard-working people who are earning small wages and trying to bring up their families decently and honestly. The neighborhood as a whole is discouraged. This part of the town has been neglected. . . . There is no park nearby, the water supply is limited, the unjust animus of living below the dead line is on us. We are cut off by the railway tracks and the river from the rest of the city. This inaccessibility lessens the feeling of pride and civic responsibility. The floods four and five years ago seriously affected many. .... Even when wages are fair and regularly earned and paid, there is small margin after rent, fuel, food and clothing for a family are provided.” Report, 1907. Activities. Maintains and supervises a public playground for the city, and was instrumental in securing the ruling which allows the public use of school 84IOWA 85 playgrounds in cases where private agencies agree to provide supervision. In 1907 (with the co-operation of the Board of Education) opened a night school for foreigners in a neighboring public school, and though the work has now been assumed by the city the settlement supervises the school and supplies some volunteer teaching. The first kindergarten on the East Side was opened by the board of education in the settlement house in 1907, since which time kinder- gartens have been established in the schools. Since 1908 the board of education has maintained evening classes in manual training in the settlement for boys who have left the public school before manual training began. Maintains headquarters of the .Visiting Nursing Association; day nursery; em- ployment agency; public baths; public wash house; dispensary and free clinic; kinder- garten; station of the public library; savings bank; gymnasium; sewing school; classes in cooking, dressmaking, embroidery, manual training; chorus class; children’s singing classes; two dramatic clubs; men’s club room; clubs for women, young people and chil- dren. Sunday afternoon concerts and lectures. Summer Work.—The house is used by the board of education for a vacation school; school gardens; picnics and excursions; vacations, Previous Location. 720 Mulberry Street. Sept., 1896-June, 1905. The house was “close to the business center, adjoining a district of railroad em- ployes, and not far away from a region called 'below the dead line.”’ JEWISH BRANCH OF THE ROADSIDE SETTLEMENT Organized September, 1907. The Branch is supported by Jewish people, though the work is organized as a department of the settlement with a resi- dent in charge of the details. The board of education gives the use of school building with light, heat, and part time janitor service. Twelve nationalities are represented; about three-fourths of the enrollment are Russian Jews. During the first year a night school, sewing school, boys’ club, embroidery class and a girls’ club were maintained. The following year the board of education paid a supervisor for the night school, a mothers’ club was added, and a room was rented for a gymnasium. In 1909-10 the board of education paid a supervisor and two teachers for the night school, the settlement providing the volunteer teachers. Two larger rooms were rented for the gymnasium and a boys’ club. Outings for women and children have been given for two summers and a playground maintained for the same length of time. A friend gave the use of the land, the city put up a fence, swings, a tent, and some other small equipment, and the settlement provided the supervisor. About six hundred people are enrolled in this Branch work. Maintained day nursery; district nurse; women’s club; library; chorus class; sewing school and social clubs. Residents. Women 11, men 4. Volunteers. Women 40, men 14. Head Residents. Clara Adams, 1898-1901; Mrs. N. H. Weeks, 1901-1904; Lucy Bitting, 1904-1905; Flora Dunlap, Sept., 1905-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Report for 1907-08 — Report for 1908- 09 — The Roadside Settlement House (Undated) — Report, 1902-1907-1908-1909. See also: Roadside House Settlement. Commons, Aug., 1897, PP- 3~4 — Two Settle- ments in Smaller Cities. Charities, xiv ; 708 (May 6, 1905).86 HANBDOOK OF SETTLEMENTS GRINNELL Uncle Sam’s Club (Undenominational Center) (Formerly College House) 615 Pearl Street Established February 1, 1895. "The club is in charge of a board com- posed of two members chosen from the college (Grinnell College) faculty and two members appointed by the city council. These members add to their number as they may choose from the residents of the town. At the present time there are two ministers in town who are members of the board.” Supported by subscription, gifts from the different churches and women's clubs, and the Christian Associations of the college. Neighborhood. “The district in which the house is located is known as Southwest Grinnell. None of the aggravated social conditions so common in large city centers exist there. The large portion of the poor of the town live in that section.” Maintains. “The work is of various kinds. A flourishing Sunday school has been maintained almost from the beginning, and there are classes in manual training and in cooking and sewing. The house is used for various social purposes by the people of the neighborhood, and at times for mothers’ meetings and other meetings of that type which are intended to bring together representatives of all parts of the city. College students give their services freely to carry on the different classes in the Sunday school.” Former Residents (covering period of two years). Rev. Mr. Fiske and wife; W. R. Raymond; J. W. Pinar; Geo. R. Lockwood; G. P. Wycoff. Literature. Unde Sam’s Bugle. Published by Boys’ Club.KENTUCKY FRANKFORT Settlement School (Center) Founded February, 1910, by the Citizens’ Improvement Association "to provide a kindergarten, baths, reading room and social places of meeting for young people in the northwest end of the city." Maintained by the Citizens’ Improvement Association. Neighborhood. “On road to saw mills, distillery, and hemp mills." Activities. "Saloons closed at earnest solicitation of organization, co- operating with ministers and Business Men’s Club, on account of illicit con- duct of same." Maintains kindergarten; baths; library; savings bank; classes in sewing, reading, drawing and music; clubs for women, young people and children; lectures and socials. Workers. Women 3, men 2. Head Worker. Rebecca Averill, 1910-. HINDMAN W. C. T. U. Settlement School (Undenominational) (Formerly The Log Cabin Social Settlement) Founded June, 1902 (school opened August 5, 1902), by the Kentucky W. C. T. U., "to raise the standard of the public school; to have a model home, always open to neighbors; to elevate and encourage wholesome social life." "The work is inter-denominational, but strongly Christian, assisting in the church and Sunday school work." Incorporated. Neighborhood. “In a beautiful valley at the Forks of the Troublesome Creek, forty-five miles across the mountains and up narrow, rough streams, from the railroad, lies the village of Hindman, in Knott County, Kentucky, the most illiterate county in all the southern mountains. The main street winds along the Troublesome Creek, the church at one end and the school at the other. The valley is very narrow and the steep mountain sides go straight up from the creek. The school property consists of three acres of ground. The men of the county paid {700 for two acres of this land, and gave it as an inducement to have this school at Hindman. The neighbors are of Anglo-Saxon, French Huguenot ancestry. There are few outsiders—no foreigners, no Negroes. A fire on January 22, 1910, destroyed our two largest buildings, the school house and settlement house. "The past few months have been occupied with building. The citizens of Hindman and Knott County raised $5000 with which they purchased for us a farm of over fifty acres just across the creek from our old grounds. The citizens will also secure for us a house and lot adjoining for $900. We have erected a splendid new school house and school began August 29 with over two hundred pupils. “Ina few weeks we shall have completed three other buildings. Our plant will then consist of school house, dining room building, cottage for small girls, cottage for small boys, cottage for large boys, cottage for teachers and girls, power house and work shop." 8788 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Activities. The settlement through its graduates has been able to raise the standard of teaching in the mountains. Maintains a kindergarten; primary, intermediate and high school departments; an industrial section; teaching machine work, woodwork; sewing, cooking, basketry, weaving, school gardening and nursing; resident district nurse; library; social meetings; industrial classes; clubs with literary, dramatic, athletic and social aims; temperance meetings. The house encourages the arts of spinning and weaving coverlets, blankets, linsey-woolsey, and basketry, and sells the products for the people. Summer Work.— Kindergarten; sewing; cooking; basketry; weaving; gardening; nursing; literary clubs; social clubs. Buildings. School house and rented cottage, 1902-1903. Log workshop, Oct., 1903. Large log settlement house, Aug., 1905. (All above destroyed by fire except cottage, Nov. 10, 1905.) New log settlement house, school house, workshop combined with power house for steam heat and electric lights; loom house for spinning and weaving, August, 1906. School house destroyed by fire, Nov. 29, 1906. New school house, August, 1907. Small hospital, August, 1909. (School house and settlement house destroyed by fire, Jan. 22, 1910.) Citizens presented farm of 55 acres with one cottage, also lot and house, April, 1910. New buildings: School house; building for laundry, kitchen, dining room; cottage for small girls; cottage for small boys; cottage for teachers and girls, Summer, 1910. Residents. Women 11, men 2. Volunteers. Women 3. Head Residents. Katherine R. Pettit and May Stone, 1902-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Pamphlets, printed from time to time — Hindman School. Kentucky White Ribbon (published at Morehead), vii, No. 7 (Oct., 1904) — Pamphlets, 1909. Jan., 1910. See also: Semple, Ellen C.: A New Departure in Social Settlements. //««. ofAmer. Acad, of Pol. and Soc. Sci., xv : 301 (March, 1900) — Social Settlements in the Mountains of Kentucky. Herald (Lexington, Ky.), Apr. 8, 1900 — Daingerfield, Henderson: Social Settlement and Education Work in the Kentucky Mountains. Jour, of Soc. Sci., xxxix : 176 (1901) — Hill, Mary Anderson: Social Settle- ment Work in the Kentucky Mountains. (Condensed from Miss Pettit’s report) Commons, vii, No. 70 (May, 1902) — West, Max: The Revival of Handicrafts in America (Hind- man, p. 1585). Bureau of Labor Bull., No. 55 (Nov., 1904). LOUISVILLE Neighborhood House 428 South First Street (1902-) Established September 1, 1897, by Archibald A. Hill and Lucy Belknap as the outgrowth of a boys’ club begun in September, 1896, and carried on in two rooms in an old saloon building, “to better the conditions of the neigh- borhood by studying the real needs, adapting the work to meet those needs and by co-operating with all institutions in the neighborhood in building up their oWn work.” The settlement aims “to influence personal character by furnishing, through its clubs, classes and other activities, a social and intellectual center for the neighborhood, and by a close personal touch with the neighbors through visiting and performing any neighborly office for which there is need; to improve the environment by allying itself with organizations for civic improvement,KENTUCKY 89 whose benefits react on the neighborhood. In the matter of child labor, tene- ment house and other reforms, the settlement is in a position to see the need of legislation and is therefore committed to this public work for the benefit of the whole community.’1 In 1899 an advisory board of ten men and women, among whom were no distinctions of race or creed, was formed to act with the head resident. In 1902 the house was incorporated, and the advisory board became a board of trustees. Maintained by subscriptions and a yearly grant from the Jewish Federated Charities. Neighborhood. The house is located in a thickly populated down-town district. Many houses formerly occupied by the well-to-do have become lodging houses; and the settlement faces the double problem of a tenement and lodging house section. The major portion of the neighborhood is inhabited by Jewish immigrants (Russian, German, Rou- manian), though there are some Italians and backward American whites. Activities. Instrumental in securing the erection of a public bath; investigated for the Consumers’ League (1) $00 applications for labor permits, the statistics used later in securing Kentucky’s excellent Child Labor law, and (2) 529 relief cases to make the enforcement of the truancy law possible when it was first put in operation; co-operated with other organizations in building up the Associated Charities which then took charge of the relief work properly belonging to it; provided trained persons for probation work of the juvenile court, supervision of playgrounds, fresh air homes, and babies’ milk fund associ- ations. Co-operated with a committee which secured a new tenement house law. Maintains milk station; public playground; library station; kindergarten; women’s, boys’ and girls’ clubs; cooking; sewing and domestic arts; crafts work; play- room; dancing; dramatics; music; coaching backward children in public schools; classes for immigrants; sewing school; concerts, entertainments, etc. Summer Work.— Playground; excursions and vacations in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies. Served the Fresh Air homes as a registration bureau for the entire city. Former Locations. Corner Preston and Jefferson Sts., Sept., 1896-1897. 324 East Jefferson St., 1897-1902. Residents. Women 8. Volunteers. Women 107, men 17. Head Residents. Archibald Hill, 1896-1899; Mary D. Anderson, 1899-1901; Charlotte Kimball, 1901-1902; M. Eleanor Tarrant, 1902-1905; Frances MacGregor Ingram, 1905-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Annual reports, 1898, 1899, 1900, 1905, 1910. See also: Louisville Neighborhood House. Commons, Nov., 1896. Neighborhood House. Commons, Feb., 1898. Neighborhood House. Commons, July, 1898. News Items. Commons, Jan., 1900, and Feb., 1901. The Louisville Wesley House (Methodist) (Formerly the Louisville Settlement Home, 1903-1906) 809 East Main Street (1907-) Established September, 1903, by Mrs. Gross Alexander, president of the local board of home missions of the Methodist Episcopal Church South.90 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS "It is a Christian home organized to provide a center for religious and philan- thropic work, in the interest especially of a considerable class in the east end of our city’s population that is more or less unreached by the churches in their regular work. . . . The work is evangelical, and seeks not only to instruct but to regenerate.” Neighborhood. A mixed factory and tenement neighborhood. The people are of German and American descent, with a few Swiss and Jews. The tone of the district is Protestant-Evangelical, there being only a limited number of Catholics. There is much poverty, overcrowding, intemperance, and employment of children. Maintains clinic; district nurse; pure milk station; legal aid; branch of the public library; rummage sale; story hour; classes in sewing, embroidery and cooking; boys’, young women’s, and mothers* club; Gospel services; cottage prayer meetings; mission study class and Sunday school; Epworth League. Summer Work.—Picnics and excur- sions; pure milk station; vacations in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies. Former Location. 834 E. Jefferson St. (1903-1907). Residents. Women 3. Volunteers. Women 25. Head Residents. Mary Ogilvie, 1903-1904; (Mrs.) Mary N. Carr, 1905; Josie Leverett, 1906; Mary Elizabeth Smith, 1907-Spring, 1910; Ellen Douglas Gainey, Sept., 1910-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Annual Reports of Women’s Home Mission Society, M. E. Church South. 1904 ff. — See also: Our Homes (Published at Nashville, Tenn.), xvii, No. 10 (Oct., 1908); xvii, No. 2 (Feb., 1908); xviii, No. 4 (April, 1909); xviii No. 8-9 (Aug.-Sept., 1909).LOUISIANA NEW ORLEANS Kingsley House 1202 Annunciation Street Established October 19, 1899, by the union of two previously indepen- dent pieces of social service. In 1895 Dr. Beverly Warner, rector of Trinity Parish, started some boys* and girls* clubs in an old building on Tchoupitoulas Street, and ran them with the assistance of volunteers from his church. He had the settlement idea in mind though the scope of the work was necessarily limited. In 1898, Catherine Hardy, training teacher for the New Orleans Kindergarten Association, together with four friends, made a home at 1202 Annunciation Street with the idea of carrying on settlement work in connection with a free kindergarten already established. This work and the club work were consolidated under the name of Kingsley House. The support of the venture fell on Dr. Warner and the parish, but as the effort was wholly un- sectarian in spirit and work, the Kingsley House Association was formed in October, 1902, to take over the work. Aims: “To do somewhat to raise the standard of living in this particular neigh- borhood by standing shoulder to shoulder with our neighbors and by helping them to work upon the conditions that operate against good living.** “That we may have a part with our neighbor in so working upon these outward con- ditions that they may be in some degree changed or modified for the better is at once our highest duty and privilege. To make Kingsley House a neighbor- hood center, 4 place to which all are free to come, which all must help to take care of and be responsible for, because it is a place which all share in common.” Report, 1903-4. Neighborhood. A densely crowded factory and tenement district. At one time a fashionable quarter, the old houses have been turned into tenements and lodgings; the yard spaces built upon, and dark and unventilated rooms multiplied. There are many unpaved streets, open gutters, and surface drainage, damp alleys and courts, a poor water supply, great prevalence of tuberculosis. Illegal traffic in lottery tickets, the sale of liquor to minors, child labor, etc., make a difficult moral problem. The neighbors are of American, Irish, and German extraction; and there is a rapidly increasing percentage of Italians. Activities. Conducted an investigation into housing conditions; opened the first public playground in New Orleans; turned a vacant lot used as a dump into a garden; carried on an investigation into the causes of tuberculosis. The doctors connected with its clinic made a house to house canvass of the neighbor- hood and collected data concerning hygiene, sanitation, and family health. The settlement clinic has been made unnecessary by the establishment of a hospital in the district; and its summer school has been assumed by the city. Maintains day nursery; kindergarten; library; study hour for children; classes 9192 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS in cooking, housekeeping, sewing, fancy work and basketry for girls; carpentry; chair caning and printing for boys; clubs for women, young people and children; socials, dances, parties, games, etc. Summer Work.—Playground; open air concerts; Saturday night dances; folk dance classes; athletic events. 1909, summer house at Lewisburg. Residents. Women 5. Volunteers. Women 20, men 4. Head Resident. Catherine W. Hardy, 1898-1901; Eleanor McMain, Oct., 1901-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Yearbook, 1905 — McMain, Eleanor: Kingsley House, New Orleans. Charities, xi : 549-553 (Dec. 5, 1903). See also: Kingsley House. Commons, July, 1900, p. 7 — Yowles, M. J. (Tulane University): Housing Con- ditions in the Vicinity of Kingsley House (filed at University) — McMain, Eleanor: Behind the Yellow Fever in Little Palermo — Char, and Commons, xv : 152-159 (Nov. 4, 1905). The Work of Kingsley House During the Epidemic. Charities, xiv : 1034 (Sept. 2, 1905) — Kahle, E. J., M.D. (Post-graduate student in Sociology, Tulane University): A Study of the Tenement House District of New Orleans and Recommenda- tions for a constructive propaganda. Filed at University. St. Mark’s Hall (Methodist) 619-621 Esplanade Avenue (1909-) Established March, 1909, by a joint commission representing the Board of Church Extension, the Board of Missions and the Woman's Home Mission Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. Aims: “To do Christian social settlement work, looking to the development of a great institutional mission center similar to those maintained by the Wesleyan Church in London and other English cities.” Supported by the general Board of Missions, the Woman’s Home Mission Society, the Woman’s Board of City Missions of New Orleans, and the Louisiana Conference Board of Missions. Neighborhood. A downtown section of the old French quarter, adjacent on the one hand to an Italian (Sicilian) colony of ten to fifteen thousand, and on the other, to a wage-earning class of French, German and American descent. There are a few small factories in the neighborhood, but the factory center is on the uptown side of the river. Activities. Endeavors to aid in the adjustment of the foreigner to American conditions; to secure adequate enforcement of the law regulating the sale of liquor; better housing and sanitary conditions; more adequate compul- sory education provision; and opportunities for wholesome play and recreation. Maintains relief station (in co-operation with the C. O. S.); district nursing service; various clinics; playground; shower baths; library and reading room; club room for men (open every day); night classes in English for foreigners; stenography and type- writing; Bible study class and chorus for Italian men; sewing school; domestic science classes; music class; girls’ club; men's club; lectures; pleasant Sunday evenings and children’s hour. Summer Work.—Playground; indoor baseball; folk games; shower baths; park outings. Residents. Women 4. Volunteers. Women 23, men 5. Head Resident. Margaret Ragland, Deaconess, 1909-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Articles by N. E. Joyner, Supt. of St. Mark’s Hall, in Nov. 1909, Go Forward. Published by Board of Missions M. E. C. S., Nashville, Tenn., and Our Homes, Mrs. J. D. Hammond, Editor. Pub. House M. E. C. S., Nashville, Tenn. — Annual Reports of Woman’s Home Mission Society, M. E. C. S., 1908 and 1909.MAINE LEWISTON The Settlement Club (Formerly The Social Settlement of Lewiston and Auburn, 1900-1910) Established July, 1900, as the outgrowth of a Saturday social-educa- tional work inaugurated in a tenement at 12 Railroad Alley in the summer of 1899 by Mrs. Etta Mitchell and members of the Y. W. C. A. Aims to do “legitimate settlement work/’ Incorporated June 1, 1900. Maintained by memberships, voluntary contributions, and entertainments. Neighborhood. "A disreputable tenement house neighborhood. The settlement is peculiar in that with nine nationalities represented it is composed chiefly of Americans, who are compelled to live in this locality because it offers rents suitable for their means. The country people coming to the city generally come here, thinking to live cheaply, and fall into bad hands.’* Activities. Secured the permanent establishment of four playgrounds in Lewiston and Auburn, with a membership of two thousand children. A swimming pool is being undertaken, and a local anti-tuberculosis association has been established this year, with a district nurse in charge. A permanent children's home was established in 1906, which cares for thirty children annually. Maintains Children’s Home; Androscoggin Boys Club. The women’s and girls’ clubs are organized as one large club, the groups meeting in the homes of members. Former Locations. Railroad Alley, 1899-1900; Oxford Court, 1900-1903 (French Quarter); 141 Middle St., 1903-1910. Residents. “Our head residents are employed by the year, with ten Bates College students assisting, also the directors acting as volunteer workers.” For information ad- dress Mrs. W. H. Newell, 61 Webster St., Lewiston, Me. Previous Head Residents. Sarah M. Starey, 1900-1903; Elsie Clark Nutt, 1903-1905; Ninita F. Ferdinand, 1905- 1907. Literature. Authorized Statements. Year Book, 1902, with articles by C. W. A. Veditz, head professor of sociology, Bates College, and by William T. Foster, professor of English, Bates College. PORTLAND The Portland Fraternity 52 Centre Street Established October, 1906, continuing a work founded in 1871 by the Unitarian and Universalist churches and incorporated “to offer to the people of Portland and vicinity, especially the young people, a place of pleasant resort where they may be surrounded by a wholesome and elevating influence; to 9394 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS provide them with means of self-improvement, with healthful recreation at little or no expense; to give them opportunities for doing and getting good by engaging in charitable and benevolent work.” Maintained by subscriptions and endowments. Neighborhood. Combination of tenement and business district. The neighbors are mainly Irish; some Jews, Italians, Armenians and Portuguese. Maintains constant co-operation with board of health, truant officer, schools, etc. Library; penny provident bank station of district; civic club; gymnasium; classes in cooking, camp cooking, sewing, millinery, cobbling, chair caning, singing, dancing; story hours for children; game room in the basement of a neighboring public school; clubs for adults, young men and children; dramatics; entertainments and socials. Summer Work.—Outdoor kindergarten; school gardens; clubs and playground. Boys’ camp on Cousins Island. Former Locations. 14 Free St.; 75 Spring St., 1899-May, 1908. Residents. Women 2. Volunteers. Women 56, men 10. Head Workers. Emily Baxter, 1902-1904; Agnes Dailey, 1904-1905; Elsie Clark Nutt, 1905-1908; Jessie Powell Arnold, Sept., 1908-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Annual Reports, May, 1906, 1907, 1909.MARYLAND BALTIMORE United Settlement Workers of Washington and Baltimore Organized October 20, 1906, at Lawrence House, Baltimore, Md., by the settlement workers of Washington, D. C., and Baltimore, Md., “for the de- velopment of its members, and for the promotion of the cause of civic and social betterment in Washington and Baltimore.” Activities. Joint meetings, biennially, and monthly meetings of the local branches. The association discusses local and general problems, listens to experts on forms of settlement and civic work, and holds public meetings to interest the local communities. Officers. President: Mrs. Rudolph Gerlick, Catonsville, Md. Secretary: Minnie S. Hanaw, 112 Jackson Place, Baltimore. The Baltimore Settlement Association Organized December 4, 1906, as a branch of the United Settlement Work- ers of Baltimore and Washington. Separate constitution adopted October, 1907. The Branch has worked largely through committees: The playground and Fresh Air committee; public education committee, which has inquired into the accuracy of school census, co-operated in securing the provision for teachers’ pensions, and co-operated in the movement for school centers; the trade school committee, which studied conditions (Study—Why Girls Leave School), printed a pamphlet (Trade Schools, by Jacob M. Moses), and held various public meetings to promote the cause of trade training; health com- mittee, which co-operated in securing a revised building code and a better milk ordinance; amusement committee, which investigated pool rooms and agencies of public amusement; child labor committee; public morality committee. The association gives a yearly course of lectures which are addressed by leaders in social work. Officers. President: Anna Herkner, 608 S. Ann St., Baltimore. Secretary: Lettie J. Johnson, 918 Russell St., Baltimore. Literature. Inter-City Settlement Association. Cbar. and Commons, xviii: 174 (May 4, 1907) — Neighborhood Work Gains in Baltimore. Cbar. and Commons, xix : 1077-1078 (NoV. 16, 1907) — Inter-Settlement Publication Tbs Budget. Published by Lawrence House, Warner House, Maccabean House, Locust Point Social Settlement, and Hampden-Woodberry Neighborhood Association. First Issue, April, 1908. 9596 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Lawrence Memorial Association Established 1893, as a memorial to Rev. E. A. Lawrence, to continue work which he had begun. Maintains Lawrence House and Warner House (see pages 100 and 103). The Ann Street Settlement 608 South Ann Street (1909-) Established January 1, 1910, continuing the work of the Polish Coffee House (see description below), and a housekeeping and homemaking center or- ganized November 1, 1909. Supported by private individuals. Neighborhood. “ The Polish quarter of the city. There are twelve thousand Poles in this colony, which lives a life quite its own. There are two Roman Catholic churches, each with its parochial school, and an Independent Catholic church with a parochial school. The community also has its own commercial and business life. There are two Polish building and Ioan associations through which very many of the Poles have acquired their own homes, and in which they commonly deposit their savings. The colony has its own Polish doctors, lawyers, dentists and real estate men, and there are also numer- ous provision and other stores owned and managed by Poles. The industrial standing of the colony is low. Its people are to be found in greatest numbers in the seasonal occupa- tions, in unskilled labor and in the clothing factories. The people go by hundreds to the country about the middle of May to work on the farms picking strawberries and peas. They continue on the farms and in the canneries until about the end of October, thus de- priving the children of the closing and opening months of school. Many of these families, though not all of them, go again later to work in the oyster canneries in the South. “The section is one of the oldest in the city. The pavements are poor and the streets are made more objectionable by surface drainage. There are many narrow streets and blind alleys and courts. The old one-family houses are commonly occupied by several families, the average number of rooms occupied by a family being about two. Most of the lots if not practically all covered by the front building have also a house on the rear. The public school, the police station, and the market hall are the only public institutions in the neighborhood. The American influence that penetrates into the Polish colony through its social life is but slight and of a very low order.” Maintains playground, supervised by a resident playground teacher, and an athletic director; lighted and supervised for evening work; indoor gymnastics. The house was successful in having a newly erected public school so equipped as to be avail- able for neighborhood work. Classes in English for Poles; drawing, homemaking and gardening; Sunday evening lectures; station of Public Library; entertainments, etc. Residents. Women 3, men 1. Volunteers. Women 9, men 3. Head Resi- dent. Anna Herkner, 1910-. The Polish Coffee House Established in September, 1908, by Anna Herkner "to provide a community center after the type of the continental coffee houses.” Capital for necessary equipment was provided by selling shares at one dollar each. Seventy-five shares were taken by fifty-four Poles and one hundred and twelve shares by thirty-seven Americans. The rooms were open from 7.30 to 11.00MARYLAND 97 p. m.; also Sunday afternoon. Tea, coffee, and cakes were sold. The receipts from such sales were used to defray current expenses. During the second year of the existence of the Coffee House, when enlarged and apparently permanent quarters had been secured, the active opposition of the Polish Catholic church and the strong “nationalists” among the Poles so reduced the attendance and active co-operation that the work under this organization was discontinued. Neighborhood. The Polish quarter. Maintained educational and recreational features. Programs of music, recita- tions, etc., were arranged for Saturday evenings. Talks and lectures on the various public institutions, departments, work, and social efforts were given Sunday evenings. During the first year books obtained from the public library were given out on application. There was a mixed chorus class; several small groups for the study of English and for practice in English conversation; a class in Polish folk dancing. During the second year the Sun- day evening meetings grew in importance, became more radical and alive, and the dis- cussion more lively and open. The study groups continued and several of the young Polish men asked for more special instruction, mathematics, etc., the need of which they felt in their work. ✓ One young man was discovered who could be recommended to the Charity Organiza- tion Society as worthy of a training for its work. He promises to be a help in solving at least one of the problems that the Polish colony presents. Another young Pole was assisted to become a teacher of foreigners in the public night school. His was one of the most successful classes. A third man was placed in the Provident Savings Bank. It is expected that his presence there will attract the Poles in that immediate neighborhood, which is somewhat distant from the Polish Building and Loan Associations, to entrust their savings to this safe depository. Locations. 1741 Canton Ave.; 1723 Canton Ave., Nov., 1908; 606 South Ann St. Head Worker. Anna Herkner, Sept., 1908-1909. Literature. Neighborhood Work Gains in Baltimore. Char, and Commons, xix : 1077-1078 (Nov. 16, 1907). Carrolltown House (Center) Ward Street Founded in 1909 by a group of colored people, as an outgrowth of work started by the Charity Organization Society. Aims “to provide a club house for colored people.” Maintained by fees and subscriptions from the colored people themselves, only the rent being guaranteed by outsiders. Neighborhood. Southwest Baltimore. Very wretched, with many saloons. No active churches on good lines for colored people. Maintains parents* club; classes in story telling, sewing, manual training and cooking. For information apply to Miss Ethel Johnson, 1148 E. Carey St., Baltimore. Channing House 506 South Charles Street (1905-) Founded February 1$, 1905, under the auspices of the First Independent (Christ’s) Church, "to extend the social opportunities of the members of the 898 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Sunday school in their own neighborhood.” The house membership has ex- tended and its large majority are not connected with the church. Aims “to furnish a social, recreational, and educational center which shall increasingly focus and invigorate the neighborhood life.” Neighborhood. The center of the tobacco manufacturing district which contains also several large bakeries. A large element of the population is negro, resident chiefly in alleys between the main streets. Other racial elements in approximately even numbers are American, Hebrew, Italian, and German. They do not represent the progressive people of these nationalities. They live chiefly in two and three-story houses with one or two families in a house. These houses are mainly without sewer connection. Tuberculosis prevails. Park and playground facilities are as yet entirely inadequate. There is one public bath in the neighborhood. The house has lent its interest and support to all neighborhood improvement. Maintains lunch room where inexpensive hot lunches, averaging eight cents, are served at noon to the women operatives of the neighboring factories. Clubs and classes similar to those usual in settlements. Head Worker. Miriam Cover, Sept., 1907-. Literature. Neighborhood Work Gains in Baltimore. Cbar. and Commons, xix : 1077-1078 (Nov. 16, 1907). Hampden-Woodberry Neighborhood Association 210 West 25th Street Established October 27, 1907, as an outgrowth of social, home garden and library club work undertaken by S. Elizabeth Spicer (Mrs. Gerlach) and Miss Spencer (Mrs. Bouton) “ to study the social conditions extant in the districts known as Hampden and Woodberry, and to determine in what way these con- ditions may be improved; to afford healthy and instructive amusements for the people both young and old, living in these districts; to co-operate with the schools in the neighborhood in the endeavor to make domestic economy and manual training an integral part of the education of the young; to provide facilities for proper bodily exercise, especially for the young men and girls who work all day in the mills; to stimulate in every possible way the gentle art of home making; to bring people of all classes together in such a way as to show them that we are all alike, rich and poor, ignorant and cultured, children of one Father.” Neighborhood. The Hampden-Woodberry district. The population, which is almost exclusively of American extraction, numbers about 20,000; and the chief industry is the cotton duck mills. Women and children, as well as men and boys, are commonly wage-earners. There is much child labor, irregular work, bad housing, unsanitary munici- pal housekeeping, and consequent poverty. Activities. “The association started a movement to establish recreation centers, and the first one will be erected in West Park, situated in the center of Hampden. The center will contain an auditorium, gymnasium, public bath, library, reading and club rooms, etc. The building will be completed enough for occupancy by May 1, 191 r ”MARYLAND 99 Maintains kindergarten; milk dispensary (co-operation with milk coifimittee); classes in cooking and gymnastics; social clubs. Summer Work,—Outdoor gymnastics; school garden clubs; home garden clubs. Former Locations. Barton’s Hall, Railroad and Woodberry Aves., Oct., 1907-; McCann’s Hall, Falls Road and Third Ave., Nov., 1908-June, 1909; 818 Blucher Ave., Oct., 1908-June, 1909; 912 Third Ave., Nov., 1908-June, 1909; 912 Third Ave., Oct., 1909-May, 1910. Residents. Women 2. Volunteers. Women 10, men 2. Head Residents. S. Elizabeth Spicer (Mrs. Rudolph Gerlach), Oct., 1907-June, 1909; A. Rebecca Oliver, Nov. 1, 1909-Jan., 1911; Miss N. K. Warner, Nov., 1910- Jan., 1911. Literature. Authorized Statements. Prospectus, 1907 — First Annual Re- port, Oct., 1908. See also: Neighborhood Work Gains in Baltimore. Cbar. and Commons, xix : 1077-1078 (Nov. 16, 1907). The Jewish Educational Alliance of Baltimore Boys’ Center, 1204 E. Baltimore Street. Girls’ Center, 121 Aisquith Street (1910). Country House, Gwynnbrook, Md. Established January, 1910, by the union of the Maccabean House and the settlement work of the Daughters in Israel. Supported by the Federated Charities. Maintains day nursery; kindergarten; penny savings; milk dispensary; head- quarters of immigrant agent of Council of Jewish Women; headquarters of district nurse; weekly public dances under supervision; boys’ and girls’ gymnasium; recreation rooms; athletic club; military drill; printing shop; art class; chair caning; singing society; sew- ing, hand and machine embroidery; darning; cooking; housekeeping; dressmaking; millinery; stenography and typewriting; nursing; night school for immigrants; classes in elementary and cultural subjects. There are many lectures, entertainments, etc., and clubs for adults, young people and children. Summer Work. Many clubs and classes; camp at Gwynnbrook; excursions, outings and picnics. Head Residents. Martha Stromberg, 1909. (Boys’ Center); Etta Barnet (Girls’ Center); Mr. and Mrs. Max Carton, 1910-. Maccabean House (Boys’ Center) Established October, 1906, as an outgrowth of a library and reading room for boys organized in 1896 by a group of fifty young men. Gradually expanded by the addition of class and social features, and when the house at 1204 East Baltimore Street was taken, a day nursery, kindergarten and other work was started. "The residents live as a normal family in the settlement. The life itself is as independent as the family life of any other home. We provide, in con- nection with our home, a center for the development of civic, social, moral and intellectual life; aiming as residents to promote better industrial, hygienic and educational facilities in our community. We emphasize ethical principles and strive to help people to help themselves.”IOO HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Neighborhood. The heart of the Jewish immigrant quarter in East Baltimore. Maintained day nursery; kindergarten; legal aid bureau; headquarters of visiting nurse; music school (branch of the Peabody Music School); classes in gymnastics, car- pentry, printing and military drill; clubs for men, women, young people and children. The house gave a Wednesday evening dance in a neighborhood hall, at five cents admission. Summer Work.—The activities of the winter continued, and a milk station and camp work were added. Locations. iiioE. Baltimore St., 1896-1904; 1204 East Baltimore St., 1904- 1910. Head Residents. (Mrs.) Rose Zella Lichenstein, 1905; Minnie S. Hanaw, 1905- 1910. Literature. Authorized Statements. Federation of Jewish Charities Report, 1908. See also: Neighborhood Work Gains in Baltimore. Cbar. and Commons, xix : 1077- 1078 (Nov. 16, 1907). Settlement of the Daughters in Israel (Girls’ Center) Established October, 1907, by the Daughters in Israel, as the partial outgrowth of a working girls’ home maintained by their organization, “for club and class work ” with girls. The work is carried on in a building next door to the home. Supported by the Federated Charities. Neighborhood. (See Maccabean House, page 99.) Maintained penny savings; station of the public library; playground work at Pub- lic School No. 45; sewing school; afternoon game clubs for children; evening classes in English, piano, singing, dancing, and shirtwaist making; glee, social, literary and dramatic clubs; monthly entertainment and dance; a Sabbath school and children’s Mincha service. Location. 117 Aisquith St., 1907-1910. Head Workers. Eugenie Schlom, 1907; Rosa Fried (Mrs. Max Carton), May, 1908-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Report of the Federated Jewish Chari- ties, 1908. See also: New Head Worker for the Baltimore Daughters of Israel. Cbar. and Commons, xx : 221 (May 9, 1908). Lawrence House 814-816 West Lombard Street Established in the Fall of 1900. “Lawrence House is a neighborhood club house. It aims to be a center for things of interest to the people, to pro- vide a place for amusements and social gatherings, to furnish opportunities for instruction in any subject for which there is a demand. In co-operation with its neighbors, it aims to work for the betterment of its particular community as well as the city." Neighborhood. "We are essentially an industrial neighborhood. There are many large establishments, the principal ones being the Baltimore and Ohio shops on Pratt Street, and Bartlett and Hayward’s Iron Foundry. People live in the neighborhood where they work, so that there is a settled population, and a real neighborhood feeling. Employment is steady and conditions are fairly favorable. The people are independentMARYLAND 101 in character, self-respecting, and do not need material relief/' They are largely Irish and German, though Poles, Lithuanians, Italians and Jews are moving in. Activities. Investigations into different aspects of neighborhood life and conditions. Organized the Lawrence House Improvement Association, which published The Budget, a monthly neighborhood news sheet, for three years. The association was active in promoting the interests of the neighbor- hood. Co-operation in the work of the state Child Labor Committee, Consu- mers’ League, Tenement House Commission, Trade School Committee, Play- ground Association and Tuberculosis Association. Maintains library; kindergarten; playground; gymnasium; classes in chair can- ing, bent iron work, knife work, carpentry, drawing, athletics, embroidery, knitting, crocheting, cooking, millinery, clay modeling, arts and crafts; clubs with various inter- ests, dramatic, debating, parliamentary drill, citizenship, story telling; game and pool rooms; dances; entertainments, concerts and lectures; mothers* club. Summer Work.— Roof and backyard playground. Residents. Women 6. Volunteers. Women 30, men 6. Head Residents. Emma G. Salisbury, Fall, 1900-June, 1901; Alice E. Robbins, Oct., 1902-Sept., 1908; Grace O. Edwards, Fall, 1908-June, 1909; Elizabeth C. Bailey, Sept., 1909-Sept., 1910; Josephine Hawks, Fall, 1910-. Literature. I. Authorized Statements. Annual reports, 1896-1904 —- Book- lets; Lawrence House, 1903. The Social Settlement and Lawrence House, 1904 — The Budget (published monthly by the Lawrence House Improvement Association), i, No. 1 (April, i9O5)toiii, No. 10 (March, 1908) — Four pamphlets, 1909-10. See also: Robbins, Alice E.: Lawrence House, Baltimore. Commons, ix : 628-630 (Dec., 1904). II. Social Studies. A study of fifty Italian families, living near Lexington market. (Unpublished.) — A study in housing. A Block in Our Neighborhood. (Unpublished.) — A Study in Standards of Living. (Unpublished.) Locust Point Settlement (Formerly Hull Street Settlement) 1504-1506 East Fort Avenue (1904-) Established April 20, 1896, by Mrs. J. S. Dinwoodie, who later organized the Locust Point Settlement Association (March 23, 1897), “to maintain a settlement house with residents, who shall devise and promote methods for the improvement of the people physically, morally, intellectually, and spiritually.” Incorporated March, 1898. Affiliated with College Settlements Association, 1911. Neighborhood. Situated in the outskirts of the city in a tenement district of small houses. The people are 90 per cent of German descent with a small proportion of Americans, Bohemians, Poles and Irish. Activities. Maintained a kindergarten from 1901 to 1905, a modified milk station from 1905-1908. In 1908 the school board was stimulated to open evening classes in English and manual training, and to equip a cooking center in the neighboring school building. In 1910a new public library building was erected to house the branch library. In 1904 the house discontinued its religious work at the request of the clergymen of the local churches.102 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Maintains children's library; kindergarten; provides instruction in home garden- ing; rug weaving equipment with opportunity for sale of product; daily rummage sale; classes in English, dancing, sewing, drawing, and games; clubs for women, boys and girls. Summer Work.—Vacations in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies. Former Locations. Plant, 1409 Hull St., April, 1896. 1240 Hull St., 1898. Residents. Women 3. Volunteers. Women 13, men 7. Head Residents. Mrs. J. S. Dinwoodie, April, 1896-1898; Mary Lamb, Sept., 1899-Jan., 1903; Anne C. Stover, Sept., 1903-Oct., 1904; Dr. Jane Robbins, Dec. 12, 1904-April 13, 1905; Jeanne Cassard, April, 1905-Sept., 1905; Helen Child, Sept., 1905-Jan., 1911. Literature. Authorized Statements. Circulars of March, 1897; April 1, 1898; and October 1, 1899 — Annual Reports, 1900, 1901, 1902, 1903, 1904, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1908, 1909. See also: News Items. Commons, Marchand Sept., 1897. St. Paul’s Guild House (Episcopal) $39 Columbia Avenue Founded 1893, as the outgrowth of a boarding house and Sunday after- noon club for working boys. After two years the boarding house was dis- continued, and neighborhood features gradually added. Maintained by St. Paul's P. E. Church. Neighborhood. Located in southwest Baltimore near the railroad yards and some large machine shops. There are many saloons. The people, once American and German householders, are being replaced by Lithuanians. Activities. Closed two objectionable saloons, and prevents the issuance of additional licenses. Instrumental in securing a branch of the Public Library. Has carried on art loan and tuberculosis exhibits. Maintains mission chapel and Sunday school; kindergarten; co-operative sales of drygoods at wholesale prices; sewing school; classes in athletics and stenography; clubs for women, young people and children; lectures, entertainments, socials, dances, etc. Summer Work.—Picnics; excursions and summer camp for boys. Former Location. W. Lombard and Penn Sts. Residents. Women 1. Volunteers, 60. Head Worker. Rev. Frank Hay Staples. Literature. Reports and statements in Parish Notes, the organ of St. Paul’s Church. Saints Philip and James Guild (Catholic) 402 West 29th Street Founded January 11, 1911, by the Ladies of Charity of SS. Philip and James parish. Formally opened by His Eminence James, Cardinal Gibbons. Aims "to assist school children with class work, and to be helpful to women, girls and boys of the neighborhood.” Maintained by subscription. Maintains daily afternoon classes for school children; evening classes for working girls and boys; classes in sewing, millinery, cooking, mechanical drawing; clubs for boys and girls; Sunday afternoon meetings for women. Paid Workers, 2. Volunteers, 25. For information address Mrs. James J. Ryan, President, 2820 Saint Paul St., Baltimore, Md.MARYLAND 103 Warner House Residence and Club House, 918 Russell Street (1908-). Gymnasium, Warner and Cross Streets (1905-) Established in the fall of 1905. The use of an abandoned church building was offered by a former resident of the neighborhood to the Lawrence Memorial Association for gymnasium purposes. A store room with apartments above was rented for clubs and residence. In 1908 the present house was purchased and remodeled. Neighborhood. Mixed factory and residence quarter. People largely German of the second generation, hard working and thrifty, but lack initiative. Activities. “Efforts for civic as well as neighborhood improvement. The Women’s Club has provided the greatest stimulus for neighborhood im- provement. At its weekly meetings neighborhood conditions are discussed and the work of improving them is apportioned to committees. This organized group, representing forty families, alive to the needs of the neighborhood and keen to demand justice for themselves and neighbors, shows an awakening com- munity and gives bright promise for the future.” Maintains classes in plain sewing, embroidery, dressmaking, commercial subjects, gymnasium, and dancing; various clubs—dramatic club, Greek club, Knights of King Arthur, woman’s club, and pleasure club for young men and women. Summer Work.— Kindergarten playground, neighborhood gardens, club picnics, and outdoor entertain- ments. Former Locations. 438 W. Cross St., 1905-1907; 816 W. Lombard St., 1907- 1908. Residents. Women 6. Volunteers. Women 12. Head Residents. Jeanne Cassard, 1905-1909; Lettie L. Johnston, 1909-. Literature. Annual Report, 1905-1906 — Monthly Bulletins, 1909-1910. MORRELL PARK Morrell Park Neighborhood House Established February 23, 1904, by Mr. and Mrs. Ruths as a spontaneous expression of good will toward the children of their neighborhood. Clubs and classes were established in the home and an outhouse was remodeled into an “armory” for drills, dances, clubs, entertainments, etc. Neighborhood. The outskirts of Baltimore in a suburban industrial quarter. There are brick yards, a glass factory or two, and some small industries. The houses are of the small detached cottage type. The people are largely of German ancestry, with Americans, Irish and a few Bohemians; generally moderately skilled, many endeavoring to pay for small homes on small wages. Activities. Secured library privileges from the state library com- mission; better school facilities for its district; and provides instruction in athletics, music, and hygiene in co-operation with Baltimore institutions. The Parents and Patrons Club of the public school meets at the house; and the military company acts as official escort of the Dushane Post, No. 3, G. A. R.104 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Maintains library; militaiy drill; classes in gymnastics, music, cooking, house- keeping, sewing, dressmaking, needlework, nursing (the girls are the Red Cross nurses of the military company); weekly socials and dances. Summer Work.—Militaiy camp, outings, etc. Locations. Present house, Feb., 1904-; Remodeled, Aug., 1907-; Additions, Feb., 1908-. Residents. Mr. and Mrs. Ruths and four sons. “We could not do this work unless we worked together. In this family there is no such thing as stated work for one person. We do the thing that is to be done." The older sons are leaders in the social and dramatic clubs. Mr. Ruths drills the boys of the “Volunteers" and looks after the gymnasium; Mrs. Ruths superintends the household classwork. Literature. Authorized Statement. Neighborhood News, i, No. 1 (Oct. 4, 1909). See also: Robbins, Alice E.: Real Neighbors. Survey, xxii : 597-598 (July 31, 1909).MASSACHUSETTS BOSTON GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY Ely, Robert E.: Social Settlements in the United States. Prospect Union Rev.. i. No. 2 (April, 1894) — Two Interesting Settlement Conferences. Commons, Nov., 1901 — Rutan, Elizabeth Y.: Boston Letters. Commons, May, 1902-June, 1902 — The Boston Settlements and Coal Distribution. Commons, FebM 1903 — Everyman. Commons, March, 1903 — Conferences of Settlement Workers. Commons, April, 1903. Boston Social Union 55 Berkeley Street Founded November^ 1908, by representatives of the South End Social Union (organized November, 1899, "to devise a system whereby inter-settle- ment competition and overlapping might be eliminated, to provide opportunity for conference and acquaintance among workers and houses, and to combine forces for more widespread and aggressive work”), and the Social Union of the North and West Ends (organized March 22, 1905, "to secure the fullest co- operation among the organizations for social improvement at work in the North and West Ends”). The union declares the following principles: "I. The object of the union is better citizenship and it will endeavor as a unit to further public and private measures intended to accomplish its ends; but its members shall be free to support any enterprise or to ally themselves with any organization designed to improve education, sanitation, housing, local government or other social or economic conditions; and, conversely, no member shall be bound by any action of the union to support any such measure which it does not approve. "II. Settlements and neighborhood clubs which have carried on social work continuously for three years immediately preceding their election shall be eligible to membership. "III. No member of the union shall give any religious instruction or endeavor to change the religious beliefs of any person. " IV. Neighboring centers shall agree regarding thp territory from which each shall draw its membership and such neighboring houses shall compare, at least once a year, their lists of membership in order that no person may continue a member of more than one settlement or neighborhood club. No person under sixteen years of age may leave one house in the union and join another without the consent of the house having the prior claim.” Aims to be "a federation for broad, united action; conference out of local experience and for the sake of (1) bringing each up to best standard, (2) of having all act in unison under that standard, and (3) securing so far as possible 10$io6 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS the combined action of all together as one body on larger matters affecting the city as a whole, or calling for municipal or legislative action. It is the policy of the union to restrict its appeals for public action to matters with which settle- ment workers as such have first-hand contact.” The South End Social Union apportioned neighborhood limits and exchanged membership lists year by year with the result of practically eliminating competition and overlapping. Conferences on various phases of concrete experience in social work were held from time to time. Established a girls’ employment bureau; administered three high school scholarships; organized an inter-settlement athletic association; systematically promoted backyard gardens and window boxes; at various times put forth efforts for public playgrounds and better school facilities; and presented testimony before various legislative committees concerning ~ jcial legislation. The Social Union of the North and West Ends also developed a system to diminish overlapping between centers; organized conferences and exhibits; conducted investiga- tions into street trades, penny arcades and moving picture theatres; made recommenda- tions for the more adequate use of play facilities; and conducted the backyard garden and window box work for its district. The Boston Social Union has committees on juvenile protection, playgrounds, Sunday recreation, anti-noise, folk dancing, inter-settlement concerts and athletics, con- ferences, and legislation. The union promotes conferences and organization among spe- cialized workers (cooking teachers, nurses, school visitors, athletic directors) wherein methods are worked out by comparison for meeting new and unexpected problems. Through the union, settlements are broadly and effectively represented in connection with the larger action of the city, as in the work of the United Improvement Association, Boston —1915, etc. The Union has established (1911) a Bureau of Registration to serve the needs of persons or settlements seeking resident workers or teachers; and to be of assistance to those seeking positions. Address the Chairman of the Committee of Registration. Meetings. The meetings of the Executive Committee are usually held the last Thursday of the month. They are open to all workers from every House, paid or volunteer. Officers. President: Robert A. Woods. Vice-Presidents: Alvin E. Dodd and Mary H. Burgess. Secretary: Ellen W. Coolidge, 81 Marlborough Street. Treasurer: (Mrs.) Eva W. White, 357 Charles St. Asst. Secretary in charge of office: Emily A. Babb, 53 Berkeley Street. Literature. Leaflets of the Social Union of the North and West Ends, 1907 — Social Union of the North and West Ends. Cbar. and Commons, xv : 423-4 (Dec., 1905) — South End Social Union. Vol. i, No. 1, Jan., 1908. Supplement issued Jan., 1908 — Folder, Boston Social Union. Dec., 1909 — Bulletin of the Boston Social Union. Jan., 1911. Sewing Circle League Organized, 1906, by Christiana S. Hunnewell, Frances Jackson and Sarah Lawrence. Aims: “first, to interest young women of Boston in the social and industrial problems of the city; second, to help them to study conditions and to find their own work; third, to organize standing committees to be actively interested in such work; fourth, to organize lectures on social and industrial questions.” “We try through many different kinds of work to broaden the outlook and to help to make more democratic citizens of the young women who have more time and money at their disposal than the average girl.**MASSACHUSETTS 107 The league has four standing committees, to one of which each member belongs. Of the present four hundred members about one hundred belong to the “settlement committee” and are leaders in clubs, classes, etc.; about thirty members belonging to the “entertainment committee” give their services in plays and entertainments. Officers. President: Elizabeth Gray, Chestnut Hill, Mass. Secretary: Ella L. Lyman, 57 Marlborough Street. Literature. Annual Reports. Neighborhood Houses Established and maintained by Mrs. Quincy A. Shaw Mrs. Quincy A. Shaw’s Neighborhood Houses are the outgrowth of neigh- borhood kindergartens and day nurseries, the first of which were established in the early seventies. In 1887 Laliah B. Pingree was secured to direct Mrs. Shaw’s educational work and establish other kindergartens in various sections of Boston. Largely through Miss Pingree’s efforts the school board became interested in the kindergartens and in 1888 incorporated them in the public school system. From 1888-1894 Miss Pingree served as a member of the Boston school board and for six years directed the work of the kindergartens in connec- tion with the public schools. Mrs. Shaw, as a result of her interest in the problem of the working mothers of young children, established (1878-1879) a chain of day nurseries in Roxbury, Cambridge and the North End. These day nurseries began to be developed about 1894 into neighbor- hood houses, with the main features of the settlement and its greater responsibilities to the community as a whole. “Though largely educational at first, the work has gradually expanded to include industrial and trade training; educational classes in homemaking and in civic duties; the development of neighborhood resources; and the establishment of a center for social intercourse and educative recreation. The emphasis is laid on trained efficiency of men and women in the home, racial and religious tolerance in the neighbor- hood, and on helping the individual toward economic independence.” Centers. Cottage Place Neighborhood House, 1876; Children’s House (now Roxbury Neighborhood House), 1878; Moore Street Neighborhood House, 1879; Ruggles Street Neighborhood House, 1879; North Bennett Street Industrial School, 1881; Civic Service House, 1901; Social Service House, 1902 (see page 119). Directors. Laliah B. Pingree, 1877-Oct., 1906; Adelene Moffat, Nov., 1907-. Boston Music School Settlement 110 Salem Street Established November, 1910, by Daniel Bloomfield " to raise the standard of musical appreciation, to develop the neighborhood’s musical resources and to give to children of limited means an opportunity to secure a musical education.*' Supported by subscriptions, and the use of rooms in the Civic Service House. Neighborhood. (See Civic Service House, page 108.) The School takes pupils from other districts of the city who are without opportunity of musical instruction. Maintains classes in solfeggio and musical history; individual instruction in piano, violin, voice, orchestral instruments; monthly concerts by faculty and childrenio8 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Director. Professor Walter R. Spalding. Literature. Authorized Statements. Boston Music School Settlement, 1911. See also: Music School Settlement. Boston Common, Jan. 21, 1911 — Bloomfield, Daniel. A Musical Education for Poor Children. Musician, xvi : 4 (April, 1911). Civic Service House 110-112 Salem Street. Summer House, West Gloucester, Mass. Established October, 1901, by Mrs. Quincy A. Shaw "as a center for civic education, recreation, and organization for the common good." "The house set out definitely to do specialized settlement work along civic lines, and purposed to reach a constituency approaching or within the privileges of citizen- ship. Children’s work is not included, and social features are made incidental to a program of study and service." Maintained by Mrs. Shaw (see p. 107). Neighborhood. “The life amidst the extensive water-front, running from the South to North Station on one side, the business district on the other, and the great market district in the middle, surges about the crowded tenement quarter. The docks and warehouses, the wholesale groceries and fruit establishments, the immense candy and cigar factories, the furniture shops,—these are a few among the countless industries now fast developing in what was once the residential part of Boston. “The North End dwellers of today are chiefly those whose work and necessities keep them there—the Italians, on account of the vegetable, fruit and fish markets; the Jews, because of the many garment industries which supply not only the local market, but a large part of the big business district including some of the largest department stores. Almost all the old residences have been demolished or altered into stores or shops, where dress goods are made and sold on an enormous scale, while Polish families in the side streets are converting old tenements into teeming boarding houses." Activities, (i) Labor.—Instrumental in organizing a number of trade unions among garment making and other sweated trades, and has opened its rooms for labor meetings at critical periods. Secured a peaceable settlement of some labor difficulties. The Women’s Trade Union League was organized in the house. (2) Education.—A resident holds the position of Supervisor of Licensed Minors, and has developed among some three thousand boys who sell papers a unique and far-reaching plan of self-government. . Organized the first group of graduates of the city night schools, which group is now working to secure extended evening educational opportunities for its district. (3) Streets and Sanitation.—Secured the co-operation of the young people of the district in caring for the city streets, and through its civic work has been able to create a more enlightened public opinion in sanitary matters. A member of the house was the first woman sanitary inspector in the city and looks after the district. The pamphlet, A Handbook for the Citizens, had a city-wide use. (4) Voca- tional.—In January, 1908, Prof. Frank Parsons organized the work of helping boys and girls to make the most of their lives by finding and doing the work they were probably best fitted to do. Prof. Parsons’ method, involving analysis, suggestion, and advice, was embodied in his Choosing a Vocation, published 1909 by Houghton, Miffiin and Company. The Vocation Bureau has since been independently organized and with the official recognition and co-operationMASSACHUSETTS 109 of the school board is planning wide service. (5) Civic Leadership.—In co- operation with its neighbors, has taken a keen interest in various city and state measures affecting the welfare of the district, and has given of its strength and experience as opportunity arose. Maintains the Breadwinners* Institute (with classes in public speaking, debating, literature, English, history, and government); special vocational lectures; night school; school for citizenship; various services connected with obtaining naturalization; lectures, public meetings, socials, etc. Summer Work.—Roof garden; night school for immi- grants; picnics and excursions; dances; club meetings; vacations at the House Camp at West Gloucester, Mass. Residents. Women 1, men 8. Volunteers. Women 6, men 12. Head Resident. Meyer Bloomfield, 1901-1910; Philip Davis, Jan., 1911-. Literature. I. Authorized Statements. Civic Service House Record, 1910. (Contains history.) — Civic Service Bulletin (issued monthly), i, No. 1 (Feb., 1910). See also: North End District is a Kindergarten of Americanism. (Civic Service House.) Boston Journal, Aug. 2,1903 — Sewall, John L.: The Advance of the New Neighborliness. Congregationalist and Christian World, Jan. 4, 1908 — Parsons, Frank: Choosing a Vocation. Boston, Houghton, Mifflin and Co., 1909 — Woolston, Florence: A School for Citizenship. Survey, xxiii : 739 (Feb. 12, 1910). II. Studies by Residents. Bloomfield, Meyer: A Handbook for the Citizens. Editor, 1906. Some Problems of New Americans. Government, May, 1908. Civic Reader for New Americans. Editor. New York, Ameri- can Book Co. Civic Education of New Americans. Phila. City Club Bulletin, 1910. School Help in Choosing a Career. New Boston, May, 1910. The Vocational Guidance of Youth. Houghton, Mifflin and Co., 1911. Cottage Place Neighborhood House 1049 Columbus Avenue Established 1876, by Mrs. Quincy A. Shaw (see page 107). Neighborhood. (See Ruggles Street Neighborhood House, page 124.) * Maintains day nursery; classes in athletics, sloyd, carpentry, cobbling, dressmak- ing, sewing, embroidery, chair caning, basketry, leather work, passe partout, drawing; orchestra and chorus; piano; clubs for young people and adults; lectures; concerts; entertainments; parties; dances; excursions to art galleries. Summer Work.—Summer school; excursions; camp; athletics. Head Residents. Miss L. W. Collings; Kate Butler, Fall, 1909-. Denison House (Boston College Settlement) 91 (1896-), 93 (1892-) and 95 (1905-) Tyler Street. Girls' Camp, Winthrop, Mass. Boys’ Camp, Lake Wentworth, N. H. Established December 27, 1892, under the auspices of the College Settlements Association. Named in honor of Edward Denison. “For social and educational work and neighborhood co-operations for better conditions.” Maintained by an appropriation from College Settlements Association, sub- scriptions from friends and board of residents.IIO HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Neighborhood. “The neighborhood of Denison House has undergone a gradual change in its nationality since the house was opened in 1892. Many American and Irish families have moved away, the more prosperous younger generation as they marry going to the suburbs, where pleasanter conditions can be had for the same money. In the places left vacant the newly arrived immigrant has settled, and we now have about us a number of Syrians, Greeks and Italians. The house is seeking means of meeting their need of learning the laws and customs of their adopted country. One is surprised to find such a variety of social conditions among these people. While many are very poor and fall nat- urally into the ranks of unskilled labor, there are many others well born and educated, though poor, who seek here broader opportunities. These gain but a scant glimpse of the attractive side of American life, though they are quite able to appreciate it. They are often made to feel themselves unwelcome intruders by their neighbors in the tenement house quarter, for, besides the natural prejudice against foreigners, there is the justifiable objection to any people who, by accepting less than current wages, menace the American standard of living.”—Report of Head Worker, Denison House, in Report of College Settle- ments Association, 1904. Activities, (i) Educational.—In addition to its sanitary work in the neighborhood, has passed over to the city its public library and reading room (1894-) and its gymnasium and bath (1900-). Since 1895 conducts a summer school in the neighboring public school building. (2) Labor.—Keen interest in the cause of trade unionism. Organized several unions among women, and for two years the head worker was a delegate to the Central Labor Union. For some years the settlement conducted a social science club, which did much to bring together representatives of the employing and employed classes. (3) Economic.—Carried on special relief work in the winter of 1893-4 (in connection with the mayor's relief committee) and again in 1903 during the coal famine. In 1906 a friend opened nearby a co-operative boarding house for young women. (4) Work with Immigrants.—Organized in 1904 the Circolo Italo-Americano, an organization offering opportunity for Americans to know their Italian neighbors and to build up civic and national spirit among the Italians. The settlement has made a beginning of performing the same service for the Syrians. Maintains modified milk station and baby clinic; evening dispensary; resident nursing service; classes in cooking, laundry, hygiene and nursing, sloyd, brass, lace making, basketry; an Italian arts and crafts industry; dancing; music lessons (piano and violin); chorus singing; arithmetic, English, Shakespeare, French and literature classes. There are many clubs for women (English, Italian, Syrian, etc.), young people, and children, with varied interests; lectures, concerts, entertainments, dramatics, neighborhood parties, etc. Summer Work.—Vacation school; girls’ camp at Point Shirley; boys’ camp at Lake Wentworth; picnics and excursions; distribution of flowers to the sick; co-operation with Country Week and other organizations for recreation and rest. Residents. Women 16, men 1. Volunteers. Women 83, men 13. Head Resident. Helena S. Dudley, Sept., 1893-. Literature. I. Authorized Statements. Annual Reports of the College Settle- ments Association, 1893 ff. — Circulars to Candidates for Residence, 1895, 1897 — Pamphlet, describing work of Denison House, Ill., 1898. (To be obtained from settlement) — Report of the Denison House Milk Station, 1909. See also: New College Settlement. Churchman, Nov. 26, 1892 — Brown, E. E.: Denison House. Churchman, Mar. 10, 1894MASSACHUSETTS III — Denison House. Prospect Union Rev., i, No. 2 (April 4, 1894) — Denison House. Christian Intelligencer, Aug. 15, 1894 — Public Library Delivery and a Happy Place for Children. Boston Transcript, July 26, 1895 — Growth of Denison House. Commons, Sept., 1905, pp. 524-5 — Denison House. Kingsley House Rec. (Pittsburgh), Feb., 1900 — Denison House, Boston. Charities, xii : 197 (1904) — Work at Denison House. Char, and Commons, xix : 1267 (Dec. 21, 1907). II. Articles about the Settlement by Residents or Directors. Williamson, Caroline L.: Six Months at Denison House. Wellesley M., Feb. 9, 1895 — Dudley, H. S.: Women’s Work in Boston Settlements (Denison House). Munic. Affairs, ii : 493-6 (Sept., 1898) — Warren, Cornelia: Denison House. Commons, vi, No. 68 (Mar., 1902) — Con- verse, Florence: The Denison Dramatic Club. Commons, vii, No. 72 (July, 1902) — The Boston Settlements and the Coal Distribution. By a Denison House Resident. Boston Transcript. See Commons, vii, No. 79 (Feb., 1903) — Mainwaring, Elizabeth: Deni- son House (Notes). Commons, viii, No. 81 (Apr., 1903) — Scudder, Vida D.: Denison House and the Italians. Commons, x : 287-290 (May, 1905). III. Articles or Social Studies by Residents or Directors. Dudley, Helena S.: Relief Work carried on in the Wells Memorial Institute (under the management of Denison House, Boston). American Academy of Political and Social Science, Philadel- phia, 1894 — Dana, Mary H.: Settlement Co-operation in Vacation Schools. Com- mons, viii, No. 88 (Nov., 1903) — Coman, Katherine: The Wellesley Alumnae as Social Servants. Reprint from Wellesley M., Nov., 1904. Dorchester House (1907-) (Formerly Field’s Corner Industrial School, 1886-1891; Gordon House, 1891-1907) 7 Gordon Place, Dorchester (1899-) Established November, 1909, as an outgrowth of a kindergarten and industrial classes begun in 1886 by a group of Dorchester people; and later expanded into a social center. Aims “to do preventive work by supplying the constantly changing needs of its neighborhood either by co-operation with existing agencies or by supplying not already existing resources; to, by its example, its teaching, and its neighborliness, make better men and women both in regard to their home and civic life, thereby doing its share toward making a better nation.” Incorporated November 19, 1909. Neighborhood. Situated in a tenement quarter of cottages and three-family tenements. The people, largely of Irish extraction, are capable and efficient industrially. Activities. The kindergarten has been turned over to the public school. Maintains classes in gymnastics, dancipg, cobbling, cane-seating, sewing, little housekeepers, embroidery, dressmaking and games; clubs for boys and girls; entertain- ments; socials; parties; dramatics. Summer Work.—Kindergarten; garden class; weekly picnics; baseball league; summer classes in basketry, folk dancing and games. Residents. Women 2. Volunteers. Women 21, men 3. Head Resident. Gladys Abbott, Nov. 1, 1909-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Reports of Gordon House. (Report for 1896-7 contains short history.)112 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Elizabeth Peabody House 87-89 Poplar Street (1901-). 357 Charles Street (1910-). Neighborhood Tenement, 6 Auburn Street (1908-) Established April, 1896, by the friends of Elizabeth Palmer Peabody as a memorial to her. Incorporated April 22, 1896. “The house is a home open to all who come within its influence and for those who live within its four walls/’ It aims “to come in close contact, and be identified with every neighborhood interest that may affect the welfare of the people in the district in which we are living. In this way we hope to secure the best results that can come from the union of such principles as those of the kindergarten and the settlement.” —First Annual Report. Neighborhood. The West End, a densely settled and badly overcrowded quarter, with much old and unsanitary housing and a corrupt political life. The people are largely Jews with a small admixture of Irish families, and many Italians coming in, mostly unskilled laborers with families hardly over the line of real efficiency. Activities. Special endeavor to secure for the district a proper street cleaning and sanitary service; and to call public attention to the overcrowded and unsanitary housing of the quarter. From 1902-1905 supplemented the city service by a street cleaning brigade organized among its club members. From time to time conducted night or summer schools for immigrants as need demanded. The first modified milk station with nursing and medical care for babies was inaugurated at the settlement in co-operation with Whiting Brothers Company. In co-operation with the school committee started open-air rooms for anaemic school children (March, 1910). The house serves lunch to 88 chil- dren, and carries on systematic visiting and instruction in the homes of the pupils. Maintains kindergarten; library; modified milk station; resident nursing service; stamp saving; classes in athletics, basketry, brass work, sloyd, clay modeling, sewing, dressmaking, cooking, domestic science, dancing and music. There are many clubs for men, women, and children, with intellectual, musical and social interests. Summer Work.— Kindergarten; summer school; vacant lot and window box gardening; picnics and ex- cursions; vacations in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies. Former Location. 156 Chambers St., 1896-1901; 91 Poplar St., 1909-1910 (Club House for Young Men). Residents. Women 9, men 2. Head Residents. Martha R. Spaulding, 1896- April, 1897; Helen Wilson, April, 18977-Sept., 1897; Caroline M. Dresser, 1897-1900; Caroline F. Brown, 1901-June, 1907; Edna Dickerson, 1907-1908; (Mrs.) Eva Whiting White, Fall, 1908-. L'terature. Authorized Articles. Annual reports, 1896 ff. See also: Eliza- beth Peabody House, Boston. Commons, ix : 149 (Apr., 1904); June, 1904, p. 278; x : 188 (Mar., 1905) — Manson, Elizabeth E.: The Ideals of a Kindergarten Settlement. Kindergarten Rev., Nov., 1908.MASSACHUSETTS IB Ellis Memorial and Eldredge House (Center) 12 Carver Street (1900-) Housekeeping Center, 9 Winchester Street (1907--). Summer Camp, Mirror Lake, N. H. (1905-). Caddy Camp, Bethlehem, N. H. (1910-) Established a center in the fall of 1901, as the outgrowth of a boys* club begun in October, 1885, by Ida Eldridge, to which a boys’ lodging house was added in 1890, girls’ club in 1896, and a kindergarten and other features in 1901. Aims “ to enable the people of one section of the city to become acquainted with their neighbors in another section; .... to encourage friendship be- tween people whose nationality, opportunities, occupations and religious beliefs differ widely; .... to develop good citizens; .... and to be a place of meeting for those who can use the opportunities we have to offer.” Incorporated 1900. Neighborhood. A tenement district, but the business areas are fast crowding the houses out. Population 40 per cent Irish, with Italians, Jews, and Syrians fast crowding in. The theatres and saloons are ever multiplying; and their low following from every- where, increases in the neighborhood the drunkenness, robbery, and debauchery. Activities. Carried on a boarding house for boys from 1890 to 1907; a reading room and public library station, 1895-6; kindergarten 1901-4 (taken into public school system); and has supervised the public garden playground since 1902. Maintains library; savings; kindergarten (co-operation public school); classes in dressmaking, sewing, embroidery, housework, cooking, gymnastics, sloyd, printing, scrap- book, design, clay modeling, dancing, French, music and travel; clubs for men, women, young people and children; lectures, dramatics, entertainments, socials, etc. Summer Work.—Supervision of children’s sand garden in the Common; caddy camp; summer school (in co-operation with Episcopal City Mission); excursions in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies. Workers. Women 7, men 2. Volunteers. Women 40, men 10. Head Workers. Jane R. McCrady, 1904-1909; Thomas Brennan, 1909-1910. Literature. Authorized Statements. Reports, 1886 ff. — See Reports Ellis Memorial Club, 1885 to 1896; reports 1907 and 1908 for history. See also: Ellis Memorial Club. Hale House Log, Feb., 1899. Hale House 6 (1897-) and 8 (1901-) Garland Street Parker Memorial, Berkeley and Appleton Streets. Camp Hale, Squam Lake, Ashland, N. H. (1899-) Established November, 1895, by the Tolstoi Club, of which Dr. Edward Everett Hale was president, and named after him, “for social betterment, edu- cation in domestic science for girls and civic education for boys and young men.” " Hale House is primarily a social center for the children of the Dover Street neighborhood; secondarily it stands for the advancement of ethical and civic standards among its members; and incidentally it supplements the public schools in technical training.” 1898. Incorporated November 29, 1897. 9114 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Neighborhood. A densely populated tenement neighborhood, known as the New York Streets, bordering on a factory district. The people are largely Jews, though there are some Irish and Italian families. Activities. Continuous work for the physical betterment of its district. In 1902 opened the “Little Playground” in co-operation with the Hawthorne Club; and in 1903 took charge of the Boston Female Asylum play yard. In the same year the head resident worked with the commission appointed to select a playground in Ward Nine, a result of long continued agitation in co-operation with other neighborhood agencies. In 1904 secured the use of the neighborhood high school hall for basket ball tournaments, a precedent for the city. Conducted several sociological conferences, and through public meetings and lectures extended its philosophy. Maintains library; kindergarten; stamp savings; home savings; cooking school; little housekeepers; classes in sewing, dolls’ dressmaking, knitting, sloyd, embroidery, clay modeling, English, dancing, drawing, athletics, gymnastics, music; social clubs for women, young people, and children, with musical, dramatic, literary and social interests; many entertainments, lectures, and concerts. Summer Work.—Summer school; distribu- tion of flowers; window box gardens; excursions and picnics; camp for boys, including an all summer section; vacations for girls in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies. PARKER MEMORIAL (1908) Established 1872, and placed in 1908 under the direction of Hale House, by the Benevolent Fraternity of Churches. Activities. “The scope of the various activities at Parker Memorial is sufficiently broad and inclusive to enable this large building to be of real service along the particular lines for which it is adapted by structure, location, and tradition. It appeals to all sorts and conditions of men and women from all parts of Boston. But the Parker Memorial has a direct relation to the South End, and its plain duty lies in that direction. From now on the chief aim will be to promote in every possible way the better interests of that great district. By hearty co-operation with all citizens and all agencies that work constructively, and by an intelligent understanding of the problems of the neighborhood, to- gether with a human sympathy for those who have to face them day by day, we may hope to make the PaFker Memorial a local center for the furtherance by the people themselves of all that is best in the South End of Boston.” Maintains classes for young women in millinery, dressmaking, embroidery, cook- ing, dancing, physical culture; gymnastics for young men and boys; Sunday morning kindergarten; Saturday morning kindergarten band; club and reading room for men; young children’s library; an English literature club; Sunday afternoon concerts and Sun- day evening civic lectures. Provides headquarters for the work of the Benevolent Fraternity of Churches, the Flower Mission, Boston Social Union, Lowell Institute lectures, social work with colored people under a special committee. Hall space granted to many local clubs and outside organizations for public meetings and social gatherings. Also provides special oppor- tunities for dramatics, folk dances, and kindergarten training. Former Location. 2 Decatur St., 1895-1897.MASSACHUSETTS 115 Residents. Women 5, men 7. Volunteers. Women 50, men 14. Head Residents. W. C. Green, 1895-1897; Lincoln E. Brown, Feb., 1897-1899; A. Isabel Winslow, Sept., 1899-1906; Harry Blake Taplin, 1906-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Annual Reports, 1898 ff. — Hale House Log, i, No. 1 (Sept., 1897). $ee a^so: Lee, G. W.: Hale House Farm. New Eng- land M., N. S., xxviii : 241 (April, 1903) — Hale House, Boston. Commons, ix : 148 (April, 1904). Hawthorne Club (Center) 3-4 Garland Street Founded July, 1899, by Lilian V. Robinson and Pauline Ingraham to reach some of the children in the vicinity of St. Stephen’s church. In October this group of children began meeting under the newly formed St. Stephen’s Neighborhood Committee. In 1901 the Hawthorne Club was organized as a purely non-sectarian center. Aims “to do neighborhood work, especially industrial class work among the younger children of the district, i. e., children between five and ten; but children so admitted grow up in the club.’’ Neighborhood. “The people are largely Jewish and Italian, with a few Irish and German Catholics. A block away from our club houses, on the other side of Washington Street, is the tenement district known as ‘the New York Streets’ from which the larger part of our club members come. Just about us is the great criminal quarter, from Dover Street to Davis Street and beyond. In this quarter there are the homes of a small propor- tion of our club members, whom poverty forces to remain there.” Activities, i. Civic.—The “United Workers’’ was organized September, 1908, at the Hawthorne Club. It represents various interests in the church, the settlements near the club, the District Nursing Association, medical in- terests, etc. Its object is to better conditions in the district. It has worked in co-operation with other agencies for a playground (the Randolph Street); on the tuberculosis problem; on the housing problem; and for better schools. 2. Education.—Various efforts to secure better elementary schools. The Haw- thorne Club playground is used by the Way Street School two afternoons a week for play sessions. By its teaching on “civic hygiene’’ the club has secured a good deal of interest among children (and their parents) on that subject. The Hawthorne Library League, organized in 1903, has a membership of one thou- sand children. Employed a school secretary to work under the teachers in one of the elementary schools near the club. Gave a series of vocal and instru- mental concerts in the hall of the Quincy School, covering two winters; also exhibits of gymnastics, basket-ball and dancing. Flower show; industrial exhibit (in the Andrews School); health show (other agencies co-operating) in the Hawthorne Club playground; exhibits of children’s work under the Col- legiate Alumnae; the International Congress on Tuberculosis (co-operation of the Louisa Alcott Club), etc. 3. Health.—The Club secured the co-operation of the District Nursing Association in providing a nurse for the neighborhood school.116 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Maintains classes in housekeeping, sewing, cooking, sloyd, basketry, music, drawing, leather work, art classes, lace making and hygiene; visits to museums. The club has been very successful in its questions for answers (with prizes) on various artistic, civic, hygienic, and other subjects. Medical work for children. Summer Work.—Play- ground; summer classes; vacations in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies. Volunteers. Women 30, men 12. Literature. Authorized Statements. Articles in pamphlet form can be had by addressing Miss Lilian V. Robinson, 4 Garland St., Boston. See also: Robinson, Lilian V.: Civic Hygiene. Survey, xxiv : 875-877 (Sept. 24, 1910). Homemaking Center 11 Armstrong Street, Jamaica Plain Founded March 7, 1911, by the Homemaking Club of Boston (composed of graduates of the Garland Training School). Aims "to assist in the improve- ment of home conditions among wage-earners." Maintains lectures on child study; food work and household management, etc. Literature. Leaflets published by the club. See also: Club Women in Model Flat. Herald, Mar. 8, 1911. For information address Ruth N. Faxon, 29 Williston Road, Brookline, Mass. Jamaica Plain Neighborhood House (Formerly Helen Weld House, 1897-1907) 23 Carolina Avenue (1910-), Jamaica Plain (Boston) Established 1909. The outgrowth of a social center organized (by com bining a working girls’ club, 1890, with a boys’ club, 1894) October, 1897, by a group of women "as a social center for neighborhood work." Incorporated April 1, 1902. Maintained by subscription. Neighborhood. The neighborhood is a tenement quarter of apartments and small homes, and the neighbors are largely of Irish descent. Activities. Instrumental in obtaining a city playground and has since supervised the equipment. Provides expert supervision and hopes to induce the city to undertake this work. Maintains classes in clay modeling, paper sloyd, lettering, brass hammering, basketry, cobbling, whittling, sloyd, cane seating, printing, sewing, embroidery and knit- ting; game room, social clubs, gymnastics, etc. Summer Work.—Playground of about three acres; two ball fields; supervised play for children and boys. Former Location. Lamertine St., 1897-. Head Resident. Howard P. Bourne, 1909-. Volunteers. Women 32, men 4. Former Directors. Mr. and Mrs. William Locke, Sally E. Beck, (Mrs.) Adele B. Lewis. Literature. Annual Reports.MASSACHUSETTS 117 Library Club House and Paul Revere Pottery 18 Hull Street. Summer Camp, West Gloucester, Mass. Established November, 1908, by Mrs. James J. Storrow (as an out- growth of social work begun by librarians in the neighborhood branch library in 1898) “for civic educational work among girls and women, and to establish a properly conducted summer wage-earning industry for girls, who need to earn money in order to prolong their school life/’ Maintained by Mrs. Storrow. The pottery bids fair to be self-supporting in the near future. Neighborhood. A crowded tenement quarter. The people are largely Jews and Italians. Maintains pottery (designing, modeling, decorating, glazing and sales shop on the premises); classes in drawing and decorating; story hour groups (graded and progressive, social-educational work based on stories and literature). The various groups present plays. Weekly lectures on civic questions; informal social meetings and parties; mothers’ meetings weekly. Residents. Women 4. Volunteers. Women 30. Head Residents. Edith Guerrier (Director of Library and Social Work, 1898-); Edith Brown (Director of Pottery, Nov., 1908). Lincoln House 68 Emerald Street (March, 1911-) 80 Emerald Street (1904-). Summer House, Osterville, Mass. (1895-) Established as a neighborhood center in February, 1895, as an outgrowth of a boys’ club established in the spring of 1887 by Josephine Allen (Mrs. B. Preston Clark) and Louise Williams. Residence maintained from February, 1895-1899, since which date the house has been carried on as a non-resident center. “The main purpose of Lincoln House is to provide means through which the better forces of the neighborhood may make themselves effective. It involves co-operation with all good organizations, with churches, schools and, most of all, with families; for in the South End it is the family life which suffers most from the ills of over-population. Fathers and mothers whose whole energy is needed to provide food, shelter and clothing, see the evil influences that surround their children and feel powerless to combat them single-handed. Yet none can fight these evils successfully except the men and women who know them by daily and bitter experience. The outsider can help; in rare instances he may lead; but when all else is said and done, the neighborhood will decide, for about the only service the outsider can render is to stimulate the civic spirit and encourage neighborhood initiative.” Neighborhood. The South End of Boston in a congested tenement district, near a great lodging house quarter. The people are largely unskilled laborers of Irish and Jewish extraction, with a sprinkling of other peoples. Activities. Constant work in co-operation with its membership for the betterment of the physical, educational, and moral conditions of its neigh-118 HANDBOOK^OF SETTLEMENTS borhood. The settlement looks toward ultimate self-government and self- support. Its government is now in the hands of two boards which together outline and direct its policy; namely, the directors, a self-perpetuating body of tried workers of long experience; and the council, a representative body elected by the older clubs from their membership. Maintains savings bank; kindergarten (co-operation Board of Education); modi- fied milk station; nurse; medical dispensary; library; classes for boys and men in sloyd, carpentry, cabine't making, drawing, design, modeling and pottery, basketry, dancing; gymnasium classes and events; play room; classes for women and girls in elementary and advanced sewing, embroidery, crocheting, knitting, millinery, housekeeping, cooking, basketry, drawing, folk dancing, and girls' gymnasium and play room; clubs for adults, young people and children; weekly dances; many entertainments, etc. Summer Work.— Summer school; open gymnasium and shower baths; roof garden; clubs; dispensary; flowers for sick; window box gardens; vacations at the Summer House at Osterville; vacations in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies; annual field day; excursions and picnics. Former Locations, i 129 Washington St., Fall, 1887; 13 Burroughs Place, 1887- 1889; Carver St., 1889-1890; Pleasant St., 1890-1893; 116-122 Shawmut Ave., 1893- 1904. The Association is about to purchase a residence house for a group of workers. Head Workers. William A. Clark, 1895-1901 (in residence February, 1895-1899); Maurice M. Brent, 1901-1902; John D. Adams, 1903-. Literature. I. Authorized Articles. Annual Bulletin (which is very full), 1899 — Lincoln House Report, 1896; 1899, 1900 — Lincoln House Manual, 1901 — Annual Report, 1902, 1903, 1904, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1908, 1909 — Special articles in The Lincoln Review, and Lincoln House Monthly. — Exercises in celebration of Twentieth Anniversary, 1907. See also: Lincoln House. Kingsley House Rec., March, 1900 — From Lincoln House, Boston, to Gordon House, New York. Commons, vi, No. 68 (March, 1902) — Report of Opening of New Building. Commons, ix : 328 (July, 1904) — The Neighborhood, A Record of Local Events and Aims. Printed and published by and for the members of Lincoln House at 80 Emerald St., Boston. See The Commons, ix, No. 1 (1904) — Lincoln House, Boston, Commons, x : 56 (Jan., 1905) — Jenkins, James: Lincoln House, Boston. Char, and Commons, xvii : 686-687 Jan- 12, 1907). II. Studies by Residents. Social Work. Eight Monographs. William A. Clark, editor. Published by Lincoln House, Boston (out of print). Subjects: I, Games and Plays; 11, Camps for Boys; III, Part I, School Yards; Part II, Play Rooms; IV, Vacation Schools; V, The Lincoln House Play-work System; VI, Part I, Boys’ Clubs; VII, Part II, Boys’Clubs. Louisa Alcott Club (Center) 15 Oswego Street Founded November, 1895, by Isabel Hyams “to teach homemaking.” Maintained by its founder. Neighborhood. The lower South End, a mixed factory and tenement quarter, largely populated by Jews and Italians. Maintains. The club works especially with children, carrying its interest into every department of the child’s welfare, and so into the home. Summer Work.—Vacation house in Hingham, Mass. Former Locations. 9 Rochester St.; 17 Oswego St. For information address Miss Hyams.MASSACHUSETTS 1*9 North Bennet Street Industrial School 39 North Bennet Street (1881-); 53 Tileson Street (1908-). Social Service House, 37 North Bennet Street (1905-) Established June, 1881, by Mrs. Quincy A. Shaw “for industrial train- ing/’ “The .... school is an institution for educational and social improvement and for research and experiment in educational and social methods. . . . . The clubs are a means of recreation and also of modifying ideals of life through human association. Through this association is aroused an interest, desire and will to establish better economic and social conditions. This purpose, once aroused, seeks opportunity for gaining wage-earning ability as a necessary step in advancement. The industrial classes supply the elements of several trades. The clubs furnish valuable opportunities for helping boys and girls to know their vocational aptitudes, to form industrial ideals, to under- stand their obligations to their employers, and to study the laws governing their employment as well as opportunities for personal culture and recreation.” The Social Service House was established in October, 1902, by Mrs. Quincy A. Shaw, and given to the corporation of the North Bennet Street Industrial School in 1905. In 1908 it became an integral part of the school, and in 1909 was made the center of the social work of the larger institution. Incorporated 1885. Supported by subscription and a grant from the city for the maintenance of a sub-station of the Boston Public Library. Neighborhood. The North End, a densely populated tenement house quarter of the city. The people are largely Italians and Jews. They are rapidly passing from a con- dition of poverty which prevents education, and their greatest need seems to be training as producers and as consumers, so that they may be more constantly and wholesomely employed, and better paid, and may secure better returns for money expended. Activities. It is the policy of this institution to modify its work to in- clude new activities as the older forms are undertaken by the city. In 1883 such public school pupils as had the consent of parents, and the local member of the school board, were received during school hours for instruction in cooking and housekeeping, woodwork, printing, shoemaking and clay modeling. This was the first opportunity for instruction in industrial work offered the school children of Boston. Since 1885 the Industrial School has acted as an experi- ment station for the Boston public schools, being authorized to receive classes from neighboring public grammar schools. In 1891, largely we believe through the influence of this school, manual training was made compulsory in Boston schools; but owing to inadequate equipment in neighboring schools, the In- dustrial School has continued to conduct such classes at its own expense. In 1887 cooking was partially established in the public schools of Boston, the initial steps having been taken in this school. In 1892 the city assumed the expense of the cooking classes, and the kindergarten which had been carried on by the Industrial School since 1880; and in 1895 the cooking was removed to the Hancock School where it was adequately provided for. The kindergarten was also removed in 1905.120 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS A special group of girls from the sixth and seventh grades of the Hancock School was organized in 1907 to receive ten hours per week of industrial training at North Bennet Street as a special preparation for entrance to the Trade School for Girls or for early wage-earning. This was one of the first attempts in this country to provide a modified grammar school course adapted to the needs of girls who will leave school early to enter the industries. The results of this experiment were studied by the leading educators and formed the basis of other modified courses in Newton, Rochester, Albany, and Cleveland. A further experimental effort to save the wasted years (14-16) for boys destined for in- dustrial pursuits was started in 1909. A class of boys, 13 and 14 years of age, was formed for a modified course in academic and industrial work covering at least two years. In 1881 a circulating library and reading rooms were opened, and in 1899 a branch of the Boston Public Library, which had been stationed in the Hancock School, was removed to the Industrial School building. Story-hour groups were formed in connection with the library in 1896, were organized into clubs in 1901, and in 1908 were removed to the Library Club House, 18 Hull Street (not under the management of the North Bennet Street Industrial School). Gymnasium classes were started in 1886 and attendance steadily increased, 900 being enrolled in 1908-1909. With the opening of the municipal gymnasium on North Bennet Street, young people were urged to attend those classes and the work of this school was confined to folk dancing especially with young children. Baths were opened in 1888 and facilities greatly increased in 1907. In 1907 this school was instrumental in the opening of the Paul Revere School Baths to the public in the evenings. These baths became very popular. After the opening of the municipal baths in 1909 in connection with the municipal gym- nasium, only children too young to be received at those baths were admitted at the Industrial School baths. The municipal gymnasium and baths were both attended by school workers whose suggestions resulted in improved service. In 1907, through special subscriptions, the North Bennet Street Industrial School secured a nurse for each of the North End school districts. Both nurses were employed the last half of the school year and one through the summer for the vacation schools. With the beginning of the fall term the work was taken up by nurses appointed by the city. In 1909 the school joined with other agencies in providing a salary and securing the appointment of a school visitor. In 1906 a lot was secured from the city, cultivated by boys connected with the Social Service House, and later added to the gardens in charge of the Boston School Gardens Committee. A vacation school was started in 1885 as a pioneer in the effort to educate and give recreation to the children of the North End. Classes in various forms of handwork were conducted for both girls and boys; also a large kindergarten. When the Hancock School was opened in the summer of 1902 as a public vacation school for girls, the classes in the Industrial School the next three years were entirely for boys with the exception of the kindergarten and a sloyd class. Later, more vacation schools and play- grounds were opened to provide for little children and the school turned itsMASSACHUSETTS 121 attention to technical training of pupils about to leave school. In 1906 a group of girls followed the preparatory course of the Boston Trade School for Girls. Cabinet making and printing were offered the following year. With the closing of the city vacation schools in this district, both boys and girls were again re- ceived in elementary industrial work. The Sloyd Training School, established in 1888, was removed from the Rice School on Appleton Street to this building in 1885 and maintained under separate management until 1909, when it was removed to a new building on Harcourt Street. In 1908 the school undertook a series of economic studies of the North End. A study of the public schools of the district was undertaken, and a report upon the Hancock School was prepared by O. F. Hall of Harvard College. A study of property ownership has been made, and a study of the economic status of the families has been begun. A tenement investigation in connection with the committee of the Civic League covered 296 tenement houses in the North End. Studies of the milk supply of the North End, and of the exposure of fruits and vegetables, resulted in better conditions. Doubtful business enterprises and dangerous resorts have been investigated. Maintains a delivery station of the Boston Public Library; reading rooms; sta- tions of the District Nursing Association, and of the Animal Rescue League; day nursery (not under the school); hall used as a meeting place for a number of neighborhood so- cieties. Industrial Classes: 1. Public School Classes—(a) Boys of the Eliot School, Grades v-viii and two ungraded. Woodwork, printing, or clay modeling, (b) Voca- tional class of girls from the Hancock School. Sewing, textiles, design. Cooking, laun- dry work, and general housekeeping, (c) Vocational class for boys. Arithmetic, English, geography, history and drawing; woodwork and printing. 2. Elementary neighborhood classes, children under fourteen years of age.—Woodwork, printing, clay modeling, ele- mentary and advanced sewing, little housekeepers, knitting and crafts. 3. Evening industrial classes, pupils over fourteen years of age.—Woodwork and turning, printing, advanced clay modeling and plaster casting, architectural modeling, pottery, stone carving, wood carving, drawing, dressmaking, cooking, crafts. 4. Saturday morning classes for teachers and craftsmen. 5. Vacation school, hl on-Industrial classes: Gymnastics, mili- tary drill, social and folk dancing, singing, orchestral music. Other Neighborhood Work: Social Service House—Center of home life and visiting; Clubs, stamp savings, garden- ing, summer outings, baths. Residents. Women 3. Non-Resident Paid Teacher and Workers. Women 21, men 8. Volunteers. Women 55, men 14. Director. Alvin E. Dodd. Head Resident Social Service House and Supervisor of Social Work. Mrs. Z. J. S. Brown, 1902-1909; Alice P. Vanston, 1909-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Reports of North Bennet Street In- dustrial School. See especially, Report for 1909. Robert Gould Shaw House 6 Hammond Street (1908-) Men’s Club, 660 Shawmut Ave. (Dec., 1910-) Established February, 1908, as an outgrowth of work among Negroes begun in 1900 by the South End House, “to provide a center for social work122 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS among the colored people of the South End/’ "The house was established to give colored people the same privileges that other settlements are giving people of other races, but it does not shut out other races. It seeks to secure better opportunities for the Negro—industrially, educationally and socially—by helping him to become better fitted for larger opportunities; to lessen prejudice by bringing about a better understanding between the white and colored races; and to achieve its purpose through the co-operation of both white and colored.” Maintained by subscriptions. Neighborhood. There is a Negro problem in Boston which in many of its phases is an inheritance from abolition days. In addition there is a rapid increase of the colored population, especially through immigration from the South. The house is situated in the midst of a colored population of between four and five thousand and easily accessible to colored people from other parts of Boston and vicinity. Maintains classes in cooking, sewing, millinery, embroidery; boys’ brigade; gymnastic club; dubs for women, young people and children. A number of neighbor- hood groups, organized for musical, social, relief, and religious ends, use the house as a meeting place. Lectures and entertainments. Summer Work.—Playroom; picnics and excursions; flower distribution; vacations for children in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies. Former Locations. Home library established in Bradford St., 1900; St. Marten’s House established at 33 Bradford St., March, 1902; Church of St. John the Evangelist, 478 Shawmut Avenue (Social work conducted by the South End House), 1905-7; 218 North- ampton Street, 1907. Residents. Women 2. Volunteers. Women 18, men 6. Head Residents. Augusta P. Eaton, 1902-1910; Isabel Eaton, Oct., 1910-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Reports of the South End House 1902, 1904, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1908 — Reports Robert Gould Shaw House, 1908, 1909 — Leaflets. The Roxbury League (Center) Albert Palmer School, Eustis and Palmer Streets (1903-), Roxbury (Boston) Founded January, 1903. Object: Utilization of public school buildings during evening hours for recreation, education and training in good citizenship of young working men between fifteen and twenty years of age. Maintained by private individuals, the chapters constituting the league, and the school board. Neighborhood. A mixed factory, tenement house, and cottage quarter. The people are largely Irish. Maintains athletics and inter-center contests; social gatherings and dancing; lectures and entertainments; orchestra; glee club; printing class and a league paper; junior city council; training in conduct of business meetings; debating; table games and reading; daily discussion of current events; prize papers on civic and industrial affairs; district betterment work, such as the help given in securing a ward playground. Location. Aaron Davis School, Yeoman St., Jan. 1, 1903-Oct., 1903. Paid Workers. Director. One leader for each of the five chapters, and teachers for printing class, orchestra and glee club. Director. James T. Mulroy, Jan., 1903-. Literature. Tbe League Leader, March, 1905-April, 1910. Published monthly.MASSACHUSETTS 123 Roxbury Neighborhood House 858 Albany Street Established June, 1905, by the union of the Children’s House (founded by Mrs. Quincy A. Shaw in 1878 as a day nursery and later developed into neighborhood house) and the Roxbury House (established as the Ben Adhem House in November, 1895). Incorporated, 1905. (See p. 107.) Neighborhood. A mixed factory and tenement quarter beyond the congested portion of the city, yet with much crowding, some bad housing and a good deal of neglect. The people are largely of Irish extraction and there is much poverty. Activities. Efforts to better the physical conditions of its neighborhood; and a part in securing a new playground. Maintains day nursery; kindergarten; library; savings service in homes and factories; gymnasium work for both sexes; classes in cooking, dressmaking, millinery, civil service, sloyd, cane-seating, basketry, clay modeling, city history, art, piano, dancing, chorus, orchestra; clubs for men, women, young people and children with dramatic, liter- ary and social aims; neighborhood meetings for men and women. Summer Work.—Day nursery; kindergarten; sloyd; cane-seating and basketry; sewing; children’s chorus; playground; milk station and babies’ clinic. Rooms open for 0little mothers” and baths for babies; bi-monthly club meetings; excursions and camping parties; mothers’meetings weekly. Residents. Women 6, men 2. Volunteers. Women 73, men 18. Head Resident. Mary H. Burgess, 1887- Literature. Authorized Statements. Report, April, 1907, 1908-1909. See also: Burgess, M. H.: Evolution of the Children’s House. Kindergarten Rev., March, 1902 — Burgess, M. H.: Day Nursery Work. Read before South Boston Day Nursery Association and National Conference of Charities, Denver, Colo. — Burgess, M. H.; Stamp Saving System as Applied to Day Nursery Work — In Report of Conference of Day Nurseries, April, 1898. Chicago. Children's House Day nursery and kindergarten established in 1878 by Mrs. Shaw. Home visiting by residents and instruction to mothers in home making important features of the work; sewing classes established 1879; children’s library and reading room opened 1890; clubs organized 1891; station of Stamp Savings Society opened 1892; called Children’s House, 1897; house joined South End Social Union, 1903. Incorporated, 1905. Combined with Roxbury House, 1906. Ben Adhem House Established November, 189$, by Mr. and Mrs. Willard H. Ashton and Mr. E. A. Pennock to “elevate the family.’’ Reorganized and incorporated June 11, 1900, as the Roxbury House. “It has not been deemed expedient to take active interest in the broad problems with which many settlements are struggling, such as the school questions, municipal affairs, and labor organiza-124 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS tions. Instead we have contented ourselves with working out the problem of Roxbury House from the standpoint of the home; that is, we have endeavored to give to our people some of the advantages that those in more luxurious cir- cumstances enjoy in their homes. We have games and amusements to keep children off the street; educational and industrial classes for the studious and ambitious; entertainments and parties where our neighbors can meet for social enjoyment, as they cannot in their own cramped quarters/’ Maintained kindergarten; stamp savings work in factories and homes; library; rummage sale; game room; classes in dressmaking, sewing, millinery, embroidery, darning and patching, crocheting, sloyd, chair-caning, book-repairing, basket-weaving, dancing, piano, violin, singing, Shakespeare, coaching; clubs for adults, young people and children; numerous socials, etc. The House for a time had a resident nurse, and dental parties to the city clinics. Summer Work.—Picnics and vacations in co-operation with Fresh Air homes. Locations. Ben Adhem House, 24 Wall St., 1895-; Corner Dayton Ave. and Wall St., -1905. Head Residents. Willard H. Ashton, 1895-1900 (Ben Adhem House); Sarah Perry Browning, 1900-1905 (Roxbury House). Literature. Ben Adbem House: Reports, February, 1897, and October, 1899; See also: Manning, Helen L.: Work of Ben Adhem House. Jour, of Practical Metaphysics, Nov., 1896. Roxbury House: Annual Reports, 1900-1; 1901-2; 1902-3; 1903-4; 1904-5. See also: Browning, Sarah Perry: Roxbury House. Commons, viii, No. 81 (April, 1903). Ruggles Street Neighborhood House Residence House, 155 Ruggles Street. Club House, 147 Ruggles Street Established 1879. Incorporated September 29, 1902, by Mrs. Quincy A. Shaw (see page 107). Neighborhood. A mixed factory and tenement quarter. The neighbors are Negro, Irish, and Jewish. The life of the district is wholly unpicturesque, characterized by a dull and hopeless commonplaceness; varied by some drunkenness and rowdyism. Activities. In co-operation with the Woman’s Municipal League, the house has worked for better streets, markets, milk service, etc. Succeeded in securing the reopening of a city gymnasium which had been closed. Maintains kindergarten (co-operation with board of education); classes in ath- letics, sloyd, carpentry, dressmaking, sewing, embroidery, chair caning, basketry, leather work, passe partout, drawing, orchestra and chorus. Clubs for young people and adults; lectures, entertainments, parties, dances, excursions to art galleries, etc. Summer Work.— Playground; summer school; excursions; summer gardens for children and mothers; vacation work at camp. Residents. Women 2, men 2. Volunteers. Women 13, men 5. Head Resi- dents. Catherine Soper (Mrs. C. S. Eastwood); Caroline Auld; Mary Burnett, Sept., 1910-.MASSACHUSETTS 12$ South End House Headquarters: Men’s Residence and Housekeeping Apartments, 20-22 Union Park (1901-, 1909-). Women’s Residence, 43-45 East Canton Street (1900-, 1906-). South Bay Union, Neighborhood Town Hall, 636-640 Harri- son Avenue (1903-). Room Registry and Boarding Club, 171 W. Brookline Street (1907-). Residence Headj of the House, 16 Bond Street (1902-). South End Music School (Affiliated), 19 Pembroke Street (1910-). Summer Homes: Children, Winning Farm, Lexington, Mass.; Older Boys, Bretton Inn Caddy Colony, Bretton Woods, N. H.; Young Women, Camp Content, Little Sebago Lake, Maine. Established October, 1891, by Professor William J. Tucker of Andover Theological Seminary, and called until 1895 the Andover House. Aims: “The house is designed to stand for the single idea of resident study and work in the neighborhood where it may be located. . . . The whole aim and motive is religious, but the method is educational rather than evangelistic. A second, though hardly secondary, object .... will be to create a center, for those within reach, of social study, discussion, and organization.”—Circular No. 1, October 9, 1891. “The house aims to bring about a better and more beautiful life in its neighborhood and district and to develop new ways (through study and action in this locality) of meeting some of the serious problems of society.”—1896. “To foster and sustain the home under tenement conditions; to rehabili- tate neighborhood life and give it some of that healthy corporate vitality which a well-ordered village has; to undertake objective investigations of local condi- tions; to aid organized labor both in the way of inculcating higher aims and in the way of supporting its just demands; to furnish a neutral ground where separated classes, rich and poor, professional and industrial, capitalist and wage- earner, may meet each other on the basis of common humanity; to initiate local co-operation for substantial good purposes; to strive for a better type of local politics, and to take part in municipal affairs as they affect the district; to secure for the district its full share of all the best fruits of the city’s intellectual and moral progress; and to lead people throughout the city to join in this aim and motive.”—Woods, Robert A.: The City Wilderness, p. 274. 1898. “Its aim is to work directly in one neighborhood, indirectly through the city as a whole, for the organic fulfillment of all the responsibilities, whether written down or implied, for the well being of the community, that attach to the citizen in a republic.”—Feb. 5, 1904. Incorporated 1897. Activities. I. Investigation.—The work of the house was initiated with the publication of the first adequate study of settlements and allied forms of social enterprise in England. The objective study of neighborhood, district, and city conditions constitutes an important part of its work, and a considerable body of material dealing with phases of city life and institutions has been pub- lished. Members of the house have been called to do similar work in Pittsburgh, Buffalo, etc., and to direct two inquiries of national scope into the history and status of the settlement movement.126 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS II. Efforts for District Improvement, (i) Housing.—Assisted in several studies of housing conditions; represented in the directorate of a model buildings company; presented testimony before various commissions; and had a part in securing the present adequate law. By detailed study of its neighbor- hood and co-operation with the city departments, has been able to assist in the enforcement of the building code. (2) Streets and Sanitation.—Improved the sanitary service of the district by acting as a center to receive complaints; and by initiating and co-operating with neighborhood clubs and district improvement associations. (3) Play Spaces.—Co-operated with the various city-wide endeavors for parks and playgrounds, and helped to secure the present Ward Nine play- ground. Endeavors to secure the adequate use of the playground by providing direction for groups of children and young people. Has maintained vacant lot playgrounds. (4) Public School and Education.—Co-operates with neighborhood public schools through visitation, meetings with teachers, conferences, work for back- ward children, etc. A resident acts as home and school visitor. The head resi- dent has long interested himself in the development of the idea of industrial education, pointing out the present waste of years between fourteen and sixteen in the case of working children, and served in 1906 as temporary secretary of the state commission on industrial education. Through the publicity given to the Franklin Fund, helped save the fund to its present use in the Franklin Union. (5) Labor.—Residents early established acquaintance with trade union leaders, and the head of the house acted as treasurer of the relief committee of the Central Labor Union in 1893-4. The unions co-operated with the settlement in securing the Dover Street bath house; in organizing several series of confer- ences on labor matters; and in efforts for arbitrating strikes. Secures a union of forces between agencies for general social betterment and the trade unions in matters before the city government and the state legislature. Rendered valu- able service in bringing about the complete change of front on the part of the labor unions toward industrial education. Several studies of women’s work have been made, and aid has been given in organizing several women’s unions and the Women’s Trade Union League. An investigation into the work of chil- dren leaving school was in part responsible for the present law providing for the licensing of boys engaged in street trades by the school board. (6) Political and Civic.—The head resident has served actively for many years as a member of the Public Franchise League, which secured the muni- cipal ownership of Boston’s subways; and for ten years was a member of the Municipal Bath Commission. The settlement co-operates with the better grade of politicians in the neighborhood and district leaders are stimulated to secure public improvements. Out of its studies into political machinery came the bill by which aldermen were elected at large, and residents took an active part in the campaigns of 1905-6 and 1909-10 on issues which transcended party lines. Residents have always worked for the candidates of the Public SchooljAssociation.MASSACHUSETTS 127 (7) Economic.—Active in the relief work of the crisis of 1893-4. k club of business men was organized which opened two restaurants; made an investiga- tion into unemployment; hastened a state appropriation for the employment of labor; and a state commission on unemployment. Acted as a center for distri- bution in the coal strike of 1902. From time to time served as a center for the sale of coal in small lots, and for two years maintained a restaurant and counter for the sale of cooked food. A lace making experiment conducted for several years later became an independent enterprise. Conducts the largest stamp savings center in New England. (8) Legislation.—The head resident has strongly urged and earnestly striven for the gradual segregation from the community of its degenerate and de- graded types. An active part has been taken in securing the Massachusetts legislation against the tramp evil; Mr. Woods was appointed chairman of the board of trustees of the State Hospital for Dipsomaniacs (1907), and had a part in securing the passage of a bill (1910) to separate licenses for the sale of liquor for consumption at a bar from licenses for the sale by bottles or cans for home consumption; the number of licenses also being greatly reduced. (9) Moral.—Constant watchfulness as to the standing of the saloons, etc. of the quarter. Has been able from time to time to influence the city depart- ments to action. Much work for the moral rescue of individuals has been undertaken. In co-operation with various city societies residents have contrib- uted to the total effort for a better standard of social morality. Active in the campaign which secured the juvenile court, and co-operates with its officers in various ways. (10) Health.—A pioneer in the anti-tuberculosis campaign in the city; maintained for some years a dispensary for the sale of milk for infants (now inde- pendent); maintains a resident nursing service; and substantially assisted the Boston Dispensary in initiating its medical-social work. It has been a factor in providing several notable exhibits, particularly the dental exhibit (1908). (11) Awakening Local Initiative.—Neighborhood committee organized (190$) to co-operate in efforts for district betterment; Club Council, 1909; Neighborhood Association, 1910. Residents have had a leading part in in- itiating and carrying on the work of the South End Improvement Association (1908), with 700 paying local members. (12) Artistic.—Picture exhibits, yearly courses of lectures, concerts, etc. Some activities have been turned over to city and private organizations. III. Local Institutional Improvement. Largely through the efforts of the residents there has been secured to the district a public bath, a public play- ground, a public gymnasium, and a branch of the public library. IV. Co-operation. Members connected in advisory and official capa- city with other settlements, and with charitable, civic, and other organiza- tions. V. General Propaganda. Through studies and books, various lecture appointments in colleges, etc., and by public meetings and conferences, the settle- ment has done much to extend the philosophy of the movement and helped to128 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS create the present more responsible public attitude toward industrial districts. Its fellowships in connection with New England colleges have graduated a suc- cession of trained workers into the field of social endeavor. The head of the house has been lecturer in social ethics at the Episcopal Theological School (Cambridge) since 1896. Residents are members of a great variety of boards. TENEMENT NEIGHBORHOOD A mixed factory and tenement quarter in an increasingly congested section, with much old housing, and generally adverse conditions. The people are of Irish extraction, though Jews and Italians border the district and are beginning to come in. Maintains kindergarten; resident nursing service; stamp savings service in homes and factories; recreation hour for factory girls; classes in housekeeping, cooking, sewing, dressmaking, millinery, sloyd, wood carving, arts and crafts, boys* brigade, clay modeling, drawing, painting, music (girls’ chorus, piano, violin), dancing; clubs for men and women, young people and children with civic, musical, athletic and social interests. Summer Work. —Summer school; window box and home gardens; market inspection; resident nursing work; picnics and excursions; vacations at several country centers. LODGING HOUSE QUARTER Neighborhood. A district of substantial family residences which have been turned into lodging houses, and are generally overcrowded. The sanitary equipment is nearly always inadequate. The people are largely Americans and Canadians, generally single, engaged as students, clerks, mechanics, etc. The practical disappearance not only of home life but even of the boarding house with its parlor and dining room; the extreme decay of neighborly acquaintance and responsibility; the frequent juxtaposition of ram- pant or concealed evil with virtue or complacence, create for many people conditions of extreme discomfort and moral strain. Maintains room registry; boarding club of young women; meeting place of several clubs of landladies and others; conferences, socials, etc. The South End Improvement Association through its committees and by large meetings does much to awaken interest in the welfare of the district and to create a solid front for better things. Former Locations. Headquarters: 6 Rollins St., Nov., 1891-1901; Club and Class Center, 611 Harrison Ave , 1895-1903. Center for Work among Negroes: 33 Brad- ford St., 1902-1905; 478 Shawmut Ave., 1905-1907; 218 Northampton St., 1907; Be- came Robert G. Shaw House (independent), 1908. Room Registry and Boarding Club: 34 Rutland Sq., 1905-1907. Residents. Women 12, men 12. Volunteers. Women 52, men 13. Head Resident. Robert A. Woods, 1891—. Literature. I. Authorized Statements. Annual reports. See particularly the Fifteenth Annual Report, March, 1907, which traces the growth of the Settlement’s in- fluence. See also: Circulars, bulletins and reports of the Andover House Association, and of the South End House, succeeding it — Editorial. Christian Union, Feb. 11, 1893 — University Settlements, Andover House, Boston. Lend a Hand, xi: 183 (1893) — Tucker, William J.: Andover House of Boston. Scribner's, March, 1893 — Ely, R. E.: Andover House. Prospect Union Rev., i, No. 1 (Mar. 24, 1894) — Robert A. Wood’s Review of Settlement Achievements. Commons, vi, No. 57 (April, 1901) — South End House.MASSACHUSETTS 129 Lend a Hand, xvi : 142 (Feb., 1896) — Balch, Emily Greene (Reviewer): Americans in Process. Commons, vii, No. 8 (March, 1903) — For Americans in Process. South Bay Union, the New Neighborhood Town Hall of Boston (South End House). Charities, x: 219-227 (Mar. 7, 1903) — Meade, E. F. (Reviewer): Americans in Process. Ann. Amer. Acad, of Pol. and Soc. Sci., xxii : 524-525 (Nov., 1903) — The Lace Industry at South End House. Commons, ix : 28-30 (Jan., 1904) — South End House. Commons, x : 252 (Apr., 1905) — South End House Activities. Charities, xiii : 577 (Mar. 18, 1905). II. Articles about the Settlement by Residents. Doyen, Mabel F.: The Lace Industry at South End House. Commons, ix : 28-30 (Jan., 1904) — Phelps, Ros- well F.: An Experiment in Industrial Democracy. Commons, x : 91-95 (Feb., 1905) — Woods, Robert A.: Andover House Association. Andover Rev., Jan., 1892. Andover House of Boston. Char. Rev., ii : 150 (Jan., 1893). Andover House. Advance, Oct. 11, 1894. South End House, Boston. Kingsley House Rec., Apr., 1900. III. Social Studies by Residents and Associates of the South End House. (1) Bulletins of the House.—I. A Guide to Evening Classes in Boston. Compiled by William A. Clark, 1893. II. The Unemployed in Boston, 1894. III. Woods, Robert A.: University Settlements as Laboratories in Social Science, 1894. IV. Clark, William A.: Report on Boston Evening Schools, 1894. V. Sanborn, Alvan F.: Two Studies Among Boys, 1894. VI. Sanborn, Alvan F.: The Anatomy of a Tenement Street, 1895. VII. Sanborn, Alvan F.: A Study of Beggars and Their Lodgings, 1895. VIII. Clark, William A.: A Study of Boston Evening Schools, 1896. IX. Cole, William I.: Country Week, 1896. X. Bushee, Frederick A.: Italian Immigrants in Boston, 1897. (2) District Studies.—The City Wilderness. A Study of the South End. With chapters by Robert A. Woods, William I. Cole, Frederick E. Haynes, Ph.D., Frederick A. Bushee, Charles D. Underhill, M.D., and William A. Clark. Houghton, Mifflin and Co., 1898 — Americans in Process. A Study of the North and West Ends. With chapters by Robert A. Woods, William I. Cole, Elizabeth Y. Rutan, Edward H. Chandler, Jessie Fremont Beale, Anne Withington, Caroline S. Atherton and Rufus E. Miles. Houghton, Mifflin and Co., 1902 — The Zone of Emergence. A study of the semi-urban districts. With chapters by Robert A. Woods, Albert J. Kennedy, William I. Cole, Eleanor H. Woods, George E. Cary, Eugene L. Sheldon, John Daniels, and David H. Howie. (Soon to be published.) (3) Fellowship Investigations.—Phelps, Roswell F.: South End Factory Employes: Employment and Residence, 1900-03 — Wolfe, Albert B.: The Lodging House Popula- tion of Boston. Harvard Economic Series. Houghton, Mifflin and Co. — Daniels, John: The Negro in Boston. (Soon to be published.) (4) By Residents.—Barrows, Esther G.: Boston’s Amusement Resources. New Boston, Nov., 1910, p. 315. Married Women as Wage-earners. (Unpublished.) — Cole, William I.: The Public Charitable Institutions of Boston. A series in the New England M., 1897-99. Public Baths in Boston. A City Document. Boston, Municipal Printing Office, 1899. Motives and Results of the Social Settlement Movement. Publications of the Department of Social Ethics in Harvard University, No. 2 (1908) — Daniels, John: Americanizing Eighty Thousand Poles. Survey, xxiv : 373-385 (June 4, 1910) — Esta- brook, Harold K.: Some Slums in Boston. Pamphlet. Boston: Twentieth Century Club, (1898) — Haley, Theresa S.: Recreation of Fourteen Year Old Girls (Unpublished) — Haskell, Susanne C.: Steam Laundries in Boston. Published by the South End House (1910) — Howie, David H.: Family Budgets. Report of the Massachusetts State Com- mission on the Cost of Living. May, 1910. Appendix B, pp. 571-605 — Kennedy, Albert J.: Religious Overlapping. Independent, April 9, 1908. Church Federation for Industrial 10Bo HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Neighborhoods. Independent, lxvii : 239-42 (July 29, 1909) — Price, Charlotte: The Laundry as an Industry for Girls, 1906. (Unpublished) — Sanborn, Alvan F.: Moody’s Lodging House and Other Tenement Sketches. Boston, Copeland and Day, 1896 — Strong, Mary L.: Physical Examinations of Children. Study into the causes of the preva- lent custom of bottle-feeding for infants. (Unpublished.) — Woodbury, William R.: The People’s Disease: How to Prevent It. Boston Med. and Surgical Jour., March 26, 1908, pp. 405-410. Oral and Dental Conditions. (Proceedings of the Fifth International Congress on Tuberculosis, Washington, U. S. A., 1908.) Cbar. and Commons, xxi : 258 (Nov. 7, 1908); and the Journal of the Allied Societies. Dental Hygiene: Its Real Sig- nificance. Boston Med. and Surgical Jour., Jan. 27, 1910, pp. 112-114. The Successful Woman. Health-Education Series, No. 6. Medical Social Service Work. Boston Med. and Surgical Jour., Aug. 18, 1910 — Woods, Robert A.: English Social Movements. N. Y., Charles Scribner’s Sons. London, Swan Sonnenschein and Co., 1891. University Settlements as Laboratories in Social Science. Paper read before International Congress of Charities, Correction and Philanthropy, Chicago, 1893. The Social Awakening in London. Chapter I in The Poor in Great Cities. N. Y., Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1893. The Uni- versity Settlement Idea. Chapter III in Philanthropy and Social Progress. N. Y., Thomas Y. Crowell and Co., 1893. The Republic of Letters. Pamphlet. Boston, Christian Social Union, 1897. University Settlements: Their Point and Drift. Pamphlet. Reprinted from the Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. xiv, Oct., 1899. The Settlement State of Mind. Commons, June, 1899. Settlement Antecedents and Consequents. Pratt Institute M., viii, No. 1 (Nov., 1899). Settlement Houses and City Politics. Munic. Affairs, iv, 395 (June, 1900). The Social Settlement Movement after Sixteen Years. Ill. Congregation- alism Feb. 2, 1901. Reprinted in Congregational Handbook Series under title, Social Settlements Up to Date. The Success of the Settlement as a Means of Improving the Neighborhood. (Reporters’ Notes of an Address Before the Summer School of Philan- thropy.) Charities, ix : 225-229 (Sept. 6, 1902). The Boston South End Church Problem. Congregationalism May 2, 1903, p. 623. Expenditures in Educational Philanthropy. Educ. Rev., xxv : 483-489 (May, 1903). Notes on,the Italians in Boston. Charities, xii : 451- 452 (May 7, 1904). Social Work: A New Profession. Internat. Jour, of Ethics, QcX., 1905. Charities, xv : 469-476 (Jan. 6, 1906). Democracy a New Unfolding of Human Power. Reprinted as a pamphlet from Studies in Philosophy and Psychology. Houghton, Mifflin and Co., 1906. Settlement Expansion. Char, and Commons, xvii : 226-229 (Nov. 3, 1906). Some Present Political and Social Issues in Boston. Chicago City Club Bull., i, No. 5 (March 20, 1907). Ethical Construction as Preparation for Ethical Instruction. Ethical Addresses, xiv, No. 10 (June, 1907). Massachusetts State Hospital for Inebriates and Dipsomaniacs. Pennsylvania Med. Jour., Nov., 1908, p. 144 ff. The Myriad Tenantry of Furnished Rooms. Char, and Commons, xix : 955-956 (Nov. 2, 1907). The University Settlement. A Factor in Developing Citizenship. The Neighborhood and the Nation. Proceedings Nat’l. Conf, of Charities and Correction, June, 1909. Delta Upsilon Quar., March, 1909. The Men’s Brotherhoods and the Local Community. Brotherhood, Feb., 1910, p. 26. The Social Workers’ Temperance Bill. Char, and Commons, xxiii : 924-926 (Mar. 12, 1910) — Woods, Eleanor H.: Social Betterment in a Lodging District Cbar. and Commons, xix : 962-964 (Nov. 2, 1907). Inter-state Convention of Women Workers. Cbar. and Commons, xxi : 276-278 (Nov. 14, 1908) — Wolfe, Albert B.: The Problem of the Roomer. Char, and Commons, xix : 957-962 (Nov. 2, 1907).MASSACHUSETTS SOUTH END MUSIC SCHOOL 19 Pembroke Street Established June, 1910, and organized as an independent body by resi- dents and associates of the South End House to continue and expand the musical instruction formerly given at the settlement. Aims: to foster the love of music among the people; to raise the standard of musical taste; to offer instruction at moderate prices; to save and develop the talent of working-class children; to develop social expression through music; to bring together the music lovers of the district for their mutual advantage; to create a center of musical life which shall unite the South End with the music culture of the city and the time. Maintained by subscriptions. Neighborhood. (See South End House.) Maintains classesin solfeggio, chorus, musical history, ensemble, Fletcher method; individual instruction in piano, violin and voice; recitals, evening concerts, socials, etc. Literature. Music at South End School. Post, Oct. 3, 1910; New School of Music. Herald, Nov. 3, 1910; A New Music School. Transcript, Oct. 31, 1910; Musical Education for Children of the South End. Herald, Feb. 12, 1911. South End Industrial School 45 Bartlett Street, Roxbury (Boston) Founded 1882, “for the education of the poor to the point of self-support.” The industrial work has been enlarged and broadened to include social features as the neighborhood needs increased. Incorporated November 20, 1884. Sup- ported by subscription. Neighborhood. A tenement quarter of tenements and small houses. The people are largely of Irish extraction, though there are many Jews and a scattering of other races. Maintains stamp savings; classes in laundry, dressmaking, millinery, cooking, sewing, basket weaving, housekeeping, cobbling, free hand drawing, mechanical drawing, carpentry, cane-seating; social clubs for women and children; orchestra; chorus; enter- tainments, parties, etc. Summer Work.—Summer school; vacant lot and window box gardening; excursions and picnics; vacations in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies. Residents. Women 2. Resident Superintendents. Mrs. G. F. Markos, 1898-1905; Marianne Deveraux; Sophia Edes; Mrs. A. R. Damon, 1905-. Literature. Annual Reports, 1884 ff- The “Little” House Children's Neighborhood Center 73 A Street, South Boston Founded January, 1907, by a committee of five ladies “for neighborhood work with children.” Neighborhood. A mixed factory and tenement quarter. The people are Irish. Maintains branch of South End Diet Kitchen; hygiene work for children; classes in hygiene, domestic science, and industrial training. Summer Work.—Playground. Officers. Chairman: A. Isabel Winslow, 198 Aspinwall St., Brookline, Mass. General Secretary: Marian E. Wigglesworth, Milton, Mass132 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS BOSTON NEIGHBORHOOD HOUSES MAINTAINING RELIGIOUS INSTRUCTION Frances E. Willard Settlement (Undenominational) (Formerly Willard Y Settlement) 24 South Russell Street (1901 and 1902); 38-44 Chambers Street (Sept., 1908-). Summer House, Llewsac Lodge, Bedford, Mass. Established August, 1898, by Caroline M. Caswell, under the auspices of the Y. W. C. T. Union, as the outgrowth of a social center for factory girls begun in November, 1894, and expanded in November, 1897, into a girls’ boarding home. Aims “to provide a home for as many young working women as possible, and to offer to all young women recreation and instruction through an attractive reading room, classes, lectures, and entertainments. While adhering to the original idea of the extension of home life among young women, it yet desires to increase its usefulness and scope by entering any open avenue for aggressive Christian work.” Incorporated July 7, 1903, “to provide a home for young working women earning very low salaries, or those training for self- support, who need temporary aid, and helping in any possible way those who are strangers and need assistance, also maintaining a settlement for the social, educational, and moral enlightenment and training of those with whom it comes in contact.” Maintained by subscriptions. Neighborhood. A highly congested quarter of the West End. The people are largely Jews, with a sprinkling of Americans, Irish, Italians, and Negroes. Maintains boarding home for young women in Boston, and women between 40 and 60 years in Bedford; loan fund; public playground; loan library; Temperance Legion; Band of Hope; classes in sewing, embroidery, gymnastics, scrap book, kitchen garden, singing, elocution, piano, orchestra, cobbling, city history; clubs for boys and girls; prize speaking contests; anti-cigarette work; Loyal Legion; temperance meetings; Sunday school religious work; evening free dispensary; headquarters for District Nurses Associa- tion and city physician. Summer Work.—Playground; playroom; vacations for girls at the summer home; co-operation with Fresh Air agencies and flowerjmissions. Former Locations. 422 Hanover St., Nov. 28, 1894; 11 Myrtle St., Nov. 16, 1897. Residents. Women 7. Volunteers. Women 31, men 12. Head Resident. Caroline M. Caswell, 1898-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Annual reports and leaflets, and issues of Our Message, supplement quarterly. Frederick Ozanam Home (Catholic) 35 Linden Street, Dorchester, Boston Founded 190$. “This is a parish institute, which aims at the realization of the ideal of the Catholic parish; that is, one great family, whose head is Jesus Christ.” Neighborhood. A residential quarter of tenements, flats and cottages. The people are largely Irish.MASSACHUSETTS 133 Maintains day nursery; kindergarten; employment bureau for women; sewing club; boys* club; industrial classes for girls. Officers. President: Nicholas Browne, Jr. Secretary: Franklin J. Wight. Guild of St. Elizabeth (Catholic) 59 East Springfield Street (1900--) Founded September, 1900, by a group of women as a result of a sermon on St. Elizabeth of Hungary, and continuing club and school work begun in Feb- ruary, 1899. Aims to carry on “benevolent work among children/* and “to conduct a neighborhood house for the benefit of the poorer residents of the South End/* Incorporated August, 1901. Neighborhood. Located in a mixed factory and tenement quarter. The people are largely of Irish extraction. Maintains day nursery; kindergarten; employment for women; stamp and home savings; classes in sewing, millinery, stenography, cooking, painting, folk dancing; branch of the public library; clubs for women, young people and children; lectures, en- tertainments; charitable work. Summer Work.—Vacation school; picnics and excur- sions; vacations in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies; outings for mothers and babies. Paid Workers. Women 8. Literature. Authorized Statements. Catholic Annual — Report of St. Elizabeth’s Guild. Hull Street Settlement and Medical Mission Dispensary (Methodist) (Formerly known as University Settlement, Oct., 1892-Dec., 1892; Epworth League House, Jan., 1893-1905.) 36 Hull Street (1902-) Established October, 1892, by students of the School of Theology of Boston University under the auspices of the City Missionary Society for “educational, industrial, and evangelistic work.” In 1895 the Women’s Home Missionary Society opened the medical mission at the settlement, and when the City Mission withdrew its social work in 1905 the women’s society continued the work under the above name. Maintained by the Women’s Home Missionary Society. Neighborhood. "Mostly Italian, though there are some Irish, Jews, and Poles. T00 densely populated; should be stronger housing laws and such laws should be enforced.” Maintains clinics (medical, surgical, gynaecological, orthopedic, eye, ear, nose and throat, and emergency); training school for nurses; stamp savings; charity work; rummage sale; religious meetings; classes in sewing, nursing, English literature; social club for women; clubs for boys and girls; lectures; picture loan club. Former Locations, i Poplar St., Oct., 1892-Dec., 1892; 18 Charter St., Jan., 1893-July, 1893; 34 Hull St., Aug., 1893-1902. Residents. Women 2. Volunteers. Women 12, men 9. Former Head Resi- dents. Robert Clark; E. J. Helms; Walter Morritt; James White; Helen M. Newell; (Mrs.) Mary E. Taylor, Aug., 1909-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Reports (especially reports for 1907 and134 handbook of settlements 1908). See also: Our City. Boston Missionary and Church Extension Society — Banks, Dr. L. A.: Epworth League Settlement, Epworth Herald (Chicago), Feb. 25, 1893 — Taylor, Rev. S. W.: A League Opportunity, Zion's Herald (Boston), Dec. 28, 1893 — Epworth League House. Prospect Union Rev., i, No. 2 (Apr. 4, 1894). The Italian Mission (Congregational) 177 Webster Street, East Boston Established March, 1908, as the outgrowth of religious work previously carried on by the Massachusetts Home Missionary Society in the North End. Maintained by the Home Missionary Society. Neighborhood. The people are Italian, Irish, English, Canadian and Scandi- navian. Maintains Sunday school; kindergarten; library; classes in sewing, dressmaking millinery, cooking, housekeeping, gymnastics, carpentry, cobbling, basketry, drawing, clay modeling, English; mothers’ club; social clubs for boys and girls of all ages; library. Summer Work.—Eight-weeks-kindergarten; industrial work; excursions; picnics. Residents. Women 4. Paid Workers. Women 4, men 3. Volunteers. Women 2$, men 6. Head Resident. (Mrs.) Blanche S. Mowry, March, 1908-. North End Union (Unitarian) Union, 20 Parmenter Street (1892-). Children’s House, 32 Parmenter Street (1892-) Established 1892, by the Benevolent Fraternity of Churches, as an out- growth of the Parmenter Street Chapel, to be "a social house for young people.” Supported by the Benevolent Fraternity of Churches and by subscriptions. Neighborhood. The North End—a congested tenement quarter which is being invaded by factories. The people are Jews and Italians. Maintains reading room and library; public baths; dental clinic; modified milk station and baby clinic; trade school of plumbing and printing; playroom; stamp savings; Sunday school; classes in dressmaking, sewing, gymnastics, dancing, story hour; singing clubs for young people and children; lectures, socials, entertainments, etc. Summer Work.—Distribution of flowers; picnics and excursions; outdoor gymnastics. Residents. Women 1. Volunteers. Women 40, men 10. Head Worker. Samuel F. Hubbard, 1892-. Literature. Annual Reports of the Benevolent Fraternity of Churches — The School of Plumbing at North End Union. Charities, xiv : 1053 (Sept. 2, 1905). St. Stephen’s House (Episcopal) 2 Decatur Street Founded 1897, by Revs. H. M. Torbert and C. H. Brent, under the aus- pices of the Boston Episcopal City Mission “to minister to the physical, mental and spiritual needs of the people about us in the loving spirit of Christian neigh- borliness.” ” In addition to the large number of services, guilds and clubs car- ried on as part of the regular church work, there is a far-reaching neighborhood work for Jews, Italians and others whom we cannot for evident reasons reach andMASSACHUSETTS 135 influence by our religious efforts and yet for whose welfare we are certainly re- sponsible, because they are our neighbors.” Maintained as part of the church’s regular work. Neighborhood. A mixed factory and tenement quarter. The people are chiefly Jews. Maintains kindergarten; industrial classes, including sewing, cooking, clay model- ing, wood carving, light gymnastics; game clubs; city history classes, which stimulate ideals of good citizenship; dispensary, modified milk station; fresh air outings. The wood and coal yard should also be mentioned, as well as the parochial conference of the Associated Charities and Welcome House, for friendless and homeless girls. Summer Work.—Excursions, picnics, window box gardening, vacations at the “Church House” in Southboro, and in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies. Paid Workers. Women 4, men 3. Literature. I Authorized Statements. St. Stephen's Chronicle, published monthly (50 cents a year), especially the issue for Oct., 1904 (Vol. 3, No. 1). See also: Some pages in “The City Wilderness,” edited by Robert A. Woods. II. Articles by Residents. Kimball, Rev. Thatcher B.: Everyman (to Settlement Audiences). Com- mons, vii, No. 8 (Mar., 1903). Settlement of Ladies' Catholic Club 1472 Washington Street. Branch, Whitman Street Founded 1909. Supported by memberships, voluntary contributions, and entertainments. Maintains classes in cooking, millinery, dressmaking, and physical culture; social meetings; summer house (Hough's Neck); Christmas dinners and fuel supplied; rents paid; neighborhood visiting. Officers. President: Mrs. William McCarthy. Secretary: (Mrs.) Margaret Mullen. CAMBRIDGE Cambridge Neighborhood House (Formerly Moore Street Neighborhood House) Club House, 79 Moore Street. Residence House, 6 Dickinson Street. Trade School for Girls, 127 Harvard Street Established 1879. Incorporated 1910, by Mrs. Quincy A. Shaw (see page 107). Neighborhood. A mixed factory and tenement quarter. The people are Negro, Irish-American, Lithuanian, etc. Maintains day nursery; trade school for girls (dressmaking, designing, cooking); resident nurse; milk station; baby hygiene work; classes in athletics, sloyd, carpentry, dressmaking, embroidery, chair caning, basketry, leather work, passe partout, drawing, orchestra and chorus; clubs for young people and adults; lectures; entertainments, parties, dances, excursions to art galleries, etc. Summer Work.—Playground; summer school; vacations. Residents. Women 4, men 1. Volunteers. Women 40, men 12. Head136 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Residents. Mrs. M. W. Currie, 1879-1905; Miss M. E. Parsons, 1905-1906; Dr. Eliza- beth Newman, 1906-1908; George A. Bushee, Fall, 1909-. East End Christian Union (Undenominational) 7 Burleigh Street Founded September, 1892, as an outgrowth of the Lower Port Union Mission Sunday School (May, 1876), “for the purpose of carrying forward on a non-sectarian basis, Sunday School, temperance, industrial and such other work as shall seem for the best good of the neighborhood adjacent to the East End of Harvard Street/' Neighborhood. A mixed factory and tenement quarter of small cottage houses and tenements. The people are Irish, Poles, Lithuanians, and Negroes. Maintains library and reading room; Sunday school; temperance band; proba- tion work, relief; sewing school; gymnasium; classes in English, sloyd, military drill, and kitchen garden; clubs for young people and adults Summer Work.—Reading room; vacations and picnics. Superintendent. John H. Walker, Sept., 1892-. Literature. Annual Reports, 1892 ff. See also: The Sunday School Executive, Nov., 1908. D. C. Cook Pub. Co. Margaret Fuller House (Y. W. C. A.) 71 Cherry Street (1902-) Established May 23, 1902, by the Young Women's Christian Association “to help especially the young girls of the vicinity.” Aims “to be a religious, educational and social center for the neighborhood through its different activities, and to co-operate with movements for improvement of local conditions.”—1910. Neighborhood. A tenement neighborhood of small cottages and three-family tenements. The people are Irish-American, American, Armenian, Russian, Hebrew, German, Scandinavian, and some Negroes. Maintains milk station; stamp savings station; distributing library; visiting and relief; employment bureau; rummage sales; classes in cooking, sewing, basketry, music, and gymnasium; mothers', boys' and girls’ clubs; King’s Daughters’ Circle; weekly entertainments; weekly devotional exercises and Bible class. Summer Work.—Day and week outings for boys, girls, and young women; classes in basketry, brass, and sewing; playground work. Workers. Women 5, men 1. Volunteers. Women 5. Head Workers. Emma E. Fiel, May, 1902-Sept., 1904; Carrie L. Megraw, Sept. 1, 1904-. Literature. Annual report in Year Book of Y. W. C. A. of Cambridge. The Prospect Union (Center) 744 Massachusetts Avenue Founded January 27, 1891, by Robert E. Ely, Professor Francis G. Pea- body and a small group of workingmen and Harvard students. “The Pros- pect Union is an educational and social club for men, conducted by wage- earners and by students and teachers from Harvard University. Its objectMASSACHUSETTS 137 is to extend to workingmen opportunities for elementary, technical, commercial, and higher education, through evening classes and lectures, and to bring into mutually helpful contact workingmen, students, and teachers.” “The Prospect Union grew as nature grows. A young minister had his parish work among the poor of Cambridge while at the same time he was attending lectures at the University. What was more natural than for him to think of bringing the forces of this University to bear on the life of the less fortunate? He happened to have his rooms in a building which had once been a hotel, called the Prospect House. The no-license policy of Cambridge had made such a hotel unprofitable, and various clubs of workingmen had moved into these convenient quarters. Mr. Ely talked with a few Harvard students about starting in his rooms a few classes for workingmen; and early in 1891 an organization was formed, with forty-four members. “The beginnings of the Union were of the very simplest description. The rooms were bare and small; the coffee and crackers and cheese on Wednesday evenings were served in Spartan fashion; the membership was very varied, and some men joined the Union in order to ventilate their special social programmes. But very soon the atmosphere of real liberty and fraternity brought such men,—Catholics and Protestants, Socialists and An- archists, black and white, Russians, Swedes, Irish, Americans,—into a working unity, and there has never been any serious friction or any sense of being suppressed. College boys were eager to give their time and love; and the interest and loyalty of a constantly en- larging body of members gave confidence in the principles first laid down.’*—Professor Francis G. Peabody. “When the Union was started its president resided in the building in which the Union was founded and occupied for several years, and this residence was an important factor in the life and development of the Union. Later there was one other resident, but in the strict sense of the word the Union was never a settlement. It was, however, a part of the general movement of that time expressed in the previous establishment of the University Settlement in New York and Hull House in Chicago, and Andover House in Boston.”—Robert E. Ely. Literature. Annual Reports — Prospect Union Rev., i, No. 1 (Mar. 21, 1894); ii, No. 1 (April 5, 1895); >ii, No. 1 (Nov. 6, 1895). Cambridge M., i, No. 1 (Feb., 1896); ii, No. 1 (May, 1896) — Prospect Union, 1897 — Prospect Union (History, 1891-1899) — Various leaflets — Handbooks of the Social Service Committee of the Phillips Brooks House Association. Riverside Neighborhood House (Formerly Riverside Alliance, 1901-1911) Ballord Place Founded 1901, as an outgrowth of a mission Sunday school (1890) con- ducted by the Young People’s Alliance of the First Congregational Church. Aims “to promote the physical, moral, and spiritual welfare of the neighborhood in which the building is a center.” A separate society organized in 1908. Re- organized 1911, without religious affiliation. Maintained by subscriptions. Neighborhood. A factory and tenement quarter of cottage houses and small tenements. The people are largely American, Irish and English mechanics; skilled operatives earning fair wages. There is a Negro colony, and near by are small groups of Jews and Italians..38 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Maintains playground (maintained late into the fall and used as a skating pond). The house is used as a shelter in the height of the skating season. Gymnasium classes and Boy Scouts. Library; game room; boys’clubs; girls’classes in sewing, cooking, house- keeping; gymnasium; art work; adults’ clubs with civic and neighborhood interests; co-operation with neighborhood public schools in organizing school athletics; Sunday school. Volunteers. Women 27, men 18. Head Residents. Howard Bourne, Oct., 1908-March, 1910; John H. Chase, 1910-. LYNN Neighborhood House 53 Neptune Street (1907) Established October, 1907, by the Neighborhood House Association. “To be a social and educational center, and a genuine neighborhood home to all in need of such. The settlement aims to co-operate with every other movement for social, civic, and industrial betterment, to induce intelligent co-operation for the health, cleanliness, and good order of the neighborhood, and to strive to make of the boys and girls about it, strong, clean, upright, intelligent men and women.” Incorporated October, 1907. Maintained by subscriptions. Neighborhood. A mixed factory and tenement quarter of cottage homes. The people are largely Irish-American, with a very rapidly increasing body of Russian Jews, Italians, and Greeks. The quarter bids fair to become a non-English speaking district within a few years. Maintains kindergarten; home for limited number of young women wage-earners; Sunday school; stamp saving station; dental dispensary; free circulating library; classes in sewing, dressmaking, embroidery, mending and darning, millinery, shirtwaist making, basketry, arts and crafts, dancing; clubs for women and young people; mothers’ meetings; socials; concerts; parties; entertainments, etc. Summer H^ork.—Playground; summer kindergarten; children’s outings; free circulating library. Residents. Women 4. Volunteers. Women 75. Head Resident. (Mrs.) Grace Wright Gregg, Oct., 1907-. Literature. Reports, June, 1908; June, 1909; June, 1910. NEWTON Stearns Neighborhood House 281 Watertown Street Established February, 1907, by a group of ladies, continuing work begun by a day nursery. Aims: “To maintain a day nursery for the care of the children of working mothers; to provide classes and clubs for girls and boys between the ages of six and sixteen; to provide classes and opportunities for recreation for working girls and women; and to co-operate in every movement for the improvement of the neighborhood.” Incorporated Feb. 1$, 1907. Neighborhood. Located in an industrial district. The majority of the people are employed in nearby establishments. Cordage, worsted, blanket, starch, dyeing and cleansing, laundry, and rubber goods are the leading industries. The large numbers ofMASSACHUSETTS 09 Italians in the neighborhood are employed in market gardens and construction works. The population is more permanent than in many closely settled sections, and the giving of material aid but little needed save in times of prolonged industrial depression. The nationalities represented in the neighborhood are Italian, French, Irish, Russian, Swede, English, and American. Activities. Investigates neighborhood conditions. Co-operates in health, educational, child-welfare, and civic improvement. Uses the adjacent public school playground and the school rooms for gymnastics, folk dancing, and boys’ club. Large neighborhood gatherings and parties are held in the school hall. Maintains day nursery; modified milk station; stamp and home savings; classes for children in cooking, housekeeping, sewing, knitting and crocheting; kindergarten; gymnastics; folk dancing; story telling and recreation clubs; classes for women in cook- ing, sewing, millinery, embroidery; mothers* club; playground. Residents. Women 2. Volunteers. Women 26, men 2. Head Resi- dents. Luella Turner, June 1907-1910; Gerna Saville, June, 1910-. SALEM The House of Seven Gables 54-56 Turner Street Established January, 1910, by a committee of ladies (continuing club and class work begun in January, 1908) “to establish and maintain a residence for social workers and a center for educational and social activities in the neighbor- hood.” Incorporated March 19, 1910. Maintained by memberships, gifts and admissions to the house. (The Settlement uses the building reputed to be the one mentioned in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s story of that name.) Neighborhood. A tenement quarter of cottage houses and tenements remodeled from the houses of a former generation of the well-to-do. The people are largely Irish- American, Poles, French and Russian Jews. Maintains library; stamp savings; morning playroom for children; little house- keepers; classes in gymnastics, cooking, sewing, shirtwaist-making, dressmaking, dancing; clubs for women, young people and children with social and dramatic aims; entertain- ments, socials and parties. Summer Work.—Athletic teams; backyard gardens for adults and children; picnics and excursions; camp for women and girls at Frances town, N. H. Residents. Women 7. Volunteers. Women 28, men 2. Head Resident. Eleanor B. Hoyt, Sept. 20, 1908-. SPRINGFIELD People’s Institute (Formerly Ferry Street Settlement, 1905-1911) Founded February 8, 1905, by Eleanor P. Townsley as an outgrowth of classes in domestic science begun in the fall of 1899 in a tenement at 102 Ferry Street. Aims “to furnish moral, intellectual and practical instruction and social recreation to worthy girls and young men with the ultimate design of fitting them to maintain themselves,” and “to furnish intellectual and practical instruc-140 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS tion and social recreation to the people of the neighborhood.”—1909. Incor- porated, May 16, 1907. The settlement house was destroyed in 1910 to make way for a public street. The erection of a Boys’ Club takes care of that element. The settle- ment uses a public school building as a center for work with girls and adults. Neighborhood. The people are largely Jews. Maintains public library in co-operation with Springfield Public Library; kinder- garten; day nursery; rummage sales; classes in sewing and embroidery, basketry, passe- partout, rag rugs and patchwork quilting, dancing, printing, gymnastics; evening classes in English for foreigners; clubs for boys, young men and women; dramatics, etc. The House uses a neighborhood hall for its entertainments, dancing classes and special events. Former Locations. 102 Ferry St., Fall, 1899-June, 1904; 188 Ferry St., Jan., 1905-1910. Volunteers. Women 15, men 2. Head Worker. Bessie H. Amsden, 1905-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Annual Reports. Feb., 1906 — Settle- ment Bulletin. WALTHAM Free Reading Room (Swedenborgian) 321 Crescent Street Founded summer of 1905, by Arthur A. Carey as a “charitable, religious, educational and social institute” and “to establish a home center for friendly and reciprocal service.” Maintained by the Swedenborgian Church. Neighborhood. The people are Americans and Canadians from the Maritime Provinces. Maintains library; gymnasium; swimming pool; classes in cooking, millinery, physical culture; parents’ association; gymnastic events, socials, dramatics, etc. Many clubs. Summer Work.—Swimming, walks, excursions, picnics, and camp. At the be- ginning Reading Room only. In 1907 a gymnasium was added, followed in 1908 and 1909 by an assembly hall and swimming pool. Literature. A monthly bulletin established in 1907 — Statements in Free Reading Room (monthly), i, No. 1 (June, 1907). WORCESTER Endicott House Settlement (Congregational) 29 Endicott Street Established 1907, by the Worcester City Missionary Society, an organiza- tion incorporated in 1883, and doing religious, foreign, fresh air, settlement and benevolent work, to do “religious, educational, social, industrial, reformatory and benevolent work, especially among the young.” Maintained by the society and the contributions of interested individuals and various organizations. Neighborhood. One of the most densely settled sections of the east side of the city, in the midst of a population representing a dozen nationalities. Maintains Sunday school; pleasant Sunday evenings with illustrated patrioticMASSACHUSETTS 141 talks; public school kindergarten; day nursery; boys’ and girls’ clubs and classes con- ducted by the Y. M. C. A. and the Y. W. C. A.; gymnasium and organized play; Good Housekeeping classes; reading room and circulating library; mothers’ meetings; working girls’ clubs and classes; children’s plays conducted by the Public Education Association; lectures and illustrated travel talks and friendly visiting. Resident Superintendent. Rev. John H. Matthews, 1907- Volunteers. Women 30, men 10. Literature. Occasional leaflets and booklets. The Worcester Social Settlement 13 Millbury Street (1909-) Established December 6, 1906, by Rev. Robert J. Floody “to improve the material and moral conditions of the district.” Incorporated, March, 1908. Neighborhood. “A great valley known as the 'Island District,’ inhabited by twenty-two nationalities; contains 20,000 children eighteen years and under; has a noted police record, and much poverty and intemperance are seen.” The people are Poles, Lithuanians, Irish, Swedes, French, Jews, etc. Maintains reading room; bank; legal aid bureau; relief work; classes in printing, physical culture, music (vocal, also fife and drum corps), sewing, quilting and astronomy; clubs for women, young people and children; temperance work; humane society (860 members); lectures on sanitation and health; socials and entertainments. Summer Work. —Gardening (The “Garden City” plan). In 1909 there were six hundred gardens in the care of eight hundred children); picnics and excursions; vacations. Former Location, ii Ellsworth St., Dec., 1906-April, 1909. Residents. Women 1, men 1. Volunteers. Women 8, men 6. Head Resi- dent. Robert J. Floody, Nov. 16, 1906-. Literature. Reports, March, 1907; May, 1909.MICHIGAN DETROIT East Side Settlement (Undenominational) (Formerly Russell Street Neighborhood House, 1902-Nov., 1903) 106 Superior Street (1906-) Established winter of 1902-3, by a circle of King’s Daughters, as the out- growth of a sewing school and kindergarten conducted in co-operation with a Berean Mission. Assumed in the fall of 1903 by the City Union of King’s Daughters, representatives of the Young People’s Christian Union of the Church of Our Father and the Association of Collegiate Alumnae. Aims: “To lift by example and teaching the people among whom the settlement is located; to make a study of social conditions.’’ “The work is undenominational—it aims to be social work in the spirit of Christ.’’ (1907.) Neighborhood. "The heart of the Polish district. The people are of the unskilled labor class, some of them in comfortable circumstances, others very poor. The old people usually speak no English. There is a great deal of truancy and few children seem to get beyond the fourth or fifth grade work. The girls work in the nearby tobacco fac- tories, and the boys become errand or factory boys." Maintains kindergarten; day nursery; dispensary; osteopathic clinic; branch of the public library; boys’ and girls’ gymnastic work; classes in sewing, music, dancing and various art crafts; mothers’ club and young people’s social club. Former Locations. Russell St., near Livingston St., Winter, 1902-3; 139 Rivard St., Winter, 1903-4; 176 Rowena St., Winter, 1904-5. Head Residents. Mary C. Hulbert, Winter, 1902-3; Agnes A. Inglis, Winter, 1904-5; Miss Markey, Winter, 1908-9; Mrs. S. M. T. Jackson, Fall, 1909-Winter, 1910; Janet Cameron, Sept., 1910-. Literature. History of the East Side Settlement. March, 1907 — Bulletins — Commons, Feb., 1897, p. 11. Franklin Street Settlement (Formerly Detroit Day Nursery and Kindergarten) 519 Franklin Street Playground, Franklin Street, between South Aubin and Dubois Street Established 1897, as the outgrowth of a day nursery and kindergarten founded in 1881 by Mrs. C. C. Yeamans. Aims “to help our neighbors to be- come better citizens’’; and “to study and serve the needs of the neighborhood and through it of the community in a spirit of genuine neighborliness and with a strong sense of civic duty; to carry on a day nursery and kindergarten while re- taining flexibility and a readiness to change methods as the environment may require.” 1907. Incorporated 1883. 142MICHIGAN M3 Neighborhood. “The nationality most largely represented in the neighborhood of the settlement is French-Canadian. Much of the poverty among these people is due to the fact that the introduction of iron vessels has hurt the trade of ship caulking, which many of the men were trained to. They do not readily adapt themselves to other work. Within the past few years Belgians, Hungarians, and Syrians have been coming in, and they now make up about one-third of the population. A mistaken idea is common, that there is no great necessity in Detroit for such work as the settlement stands for. Of course, glaringly bad conditions do not exist here on such a scale as in the great cities, where any effort at improvement seems like a mere drop in the ocean. Nevertheless there is abundant opportunity for such effort here. Those active in the settlement work feel deeply the need of uplifting forces which exist, and are endeavoring to substitute for the evil influences of the saloon and uncleanly dwellings the good influences of healthful pastimes and such methods of cleanliness as can be made use of under existing conditions of housing. Perhaps through such effort the problem may be prevented from assuming larger proportions as the population increases.” Activities. Carried on an active campaign for better housing laws, and has been instrumental in ameliorating the bad sanitary conditions of its quarter. Had a part in securing playgrounds, baths, gymnasia, and public kindergartens for its own and other districts. Maintains playground; kindergarten; day nursery; dispensary; branch of the public library; public baths; employment bureau; penny provident bank; rummage sales; classes in English, boys’ and girls’ gymnastics, sewing, cooking, dancing, story telling, manual training, music, etc. Summer Work.—Playground; excursions and vaca- tions in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies; public baths; public dances; baby’s milk campaign. Former Location. Church St., near Tenth. Residents. Women 5. Volunteers. Women 56, men 9. Head Residents. Margaret Stansbury, 1896-1908; William W. Keller, 1908- 1909; Mary C. Hulbert, Oct., 1909-. Literature. I. Authorized Statements. Reports published by Detroit Asso- ciation of Charities. 1897-1904 — Franklin Street Settlement. Description of the Work. Compiled by head worker. 1899 — Reports 1905, 1906, 1907. See also: Franklin Street Settlement. Chicago Commons, Apr., 1901. II. Social Studies by Residents. Balt, R. A.: Juvenile Offenders in the City of Detroit. Mich. Political Science Asso., Sept., 1903. Hannah Schloss Memorial (Jewish Institute) 239 East High Street (1905 and 1908) Established September, 1900, for relief work, and enlarged to do educa- tional and all branches of settlement work. Headquarters of the Jewish Feder- ated Charities, and a center for work among the Jews of Detroit. Neighborhood. The quarter is Jewish with some few Negroes. Greatest prob- lem is housing condition; very poor houses and a great lack of houses of any description. Activities. Secured a playground and public bath house; has been in- strumental in securing a local Housing Commission and in establishing a muni- cipal clinic for mothers and children. Maintains public library branch, nursery, clinic, bath, gymnasium, English classes,144 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS girls’ and boys’ manual training classes, boys’ and girls’ clubs, mothers’ meetings, lec- tures, etc. Summer Work.—Outings for mothers and children (in co-operation with Fresh Air societies); summer home in country; boat tickets distributed to sick and old. Former Location. Initial location, 397 Brush St. Literature. Annual reports. Weinman Settlement (Catholic) 42$ East Larned Street Founded 1904, by a group of women to continue work begun by Rev. F. L. Weinman, S. J., in 1900, and named as a memorial to Father Weinman. Maintained by memberships and entertainments. Neighborhood. Located in a mixed factory and tenement quarter. The people are largely French Canadians and Irish, with a number of Italians and Syrians. Maintains gymnasium; branch of the public library; classes in sewing, folk dancing, and choral singing; clubs for boys and girls after school hours; evening clubs for working girls, boys, and young men; mothers’ club. A short religious instruction is given before each class. Residents, i. Volunteers, 25. For information address Mrs. Charles W. Casgrain, 575 Jefferson Ave. Westminster House (Presbyterian) (Formerly The Westminster Guild, 1903-10) 153 Grandy Avenue Established February, 1903, by members of the Westminster Presby- terian Church to be "a center of friendliness to those about who use it.” Neighborhood. An uptown tenement neighborhood of small cottages. The people are largely German and Polish, self-respecting, earnest and efficient. Maintains sewing school; library; savings bank; boys’ and girls’ clubs; athletic work; lectures and entertainments. Residents. Women 2. Volunteers. Women 21, men i i. Head Residents. Miss N. J. Dean and Miss M. Morgan. GRAND RAPIDS Bissell House (Undenominational) (Formerly Free Kindergarten Circle) 425 North Ottawa Street (1897-) Established October 12, 1897, as an outgrowth of a kindergarten and day nursery begun in October, 1888, by a circle of King’s Daughters. Aims "to make the neighborhood a better place to live in by inviting co-operation from the neighbors; in providing a common meeting place, in furnishing incentive to more social life; and to serve as a center for social service to the community at large.” 1908-9. Incorporated October, 1904. Neighborhood. "This is an industrial community. The men and boys are largely employed in factories. The settlement is situated in the midst of the * Red LightMICHIGAN 145 District.’*’ The people are of Dutch extraction with many immigrant Jews and a sprinkling of other nationalities. Activities. The kindergarten has been taken over by the public school. Organized a Neighborhood Improvement Association, which is endeavoring to better neighborhood, sanitary, physical and moral conditions. Co-operates with the juvenile court and probation work; secured a playground, and a ball field for neighborhood boys; is working on the child labor, factory inspection, housing and playground situation. Maintains public baths for men and women; library and reading room (co-opera- tion Ryerson Library); neighborhood association; gymnasium work for boys and girls; classes in English, dancing, manual training, sewing, cooking, dramatics and music; clubs with intellectual and social aims; lectures, entertainments and socials; Sunday school. Summer Work.—Summer kindergarten; vacation school; outdoor stereopticon pictures; play festival; excursions and picnics; water fountain; vacation camp; camp equipment loaned to groups of boys. Former Locations. 397 Ottawa St., Oct, 1888-1890; 440 Ottawa St., Sept., 1890-1897. Residents. Women 3, men 3. Volunteers. Women 45, men 5. Head Residents. (Mrs.) Mary Williams, 1888-1906; Julia Billings, 1906-1907; (Mrs.) Grace Hall, 1907-1908; Mrs. M. J. Stormzand, 1908-1909; (Mrs.) I Ida Cory Wilson, Sept., 1909-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Report, 1908-9. See also: Frost, Leon W.: Bissell House (History of work). Grand Rapids Herald, Dec. 5, 1909 — Jones, J. L.: New Methods for the Old Gospel. Unity, Jan. 27, 1910, p. 761. Neighborhood House (Center) 1 $5 Ninth Avenue (1909-) Established August, 1908, by Louise Peirce “to offer to boys and young men a place for meeting apart from the saloon/* Neighborhood. “Located in the industrial section bound by railroad yards and car shops. The men are largely employed by the railroads. Our great question is drunkenness among minors. The people are Irish.” Maintains kindergarten; public library station; gymnasium; boys’ and young mens’ clubs, with athletic and social aims; girls’ club; sewing class; dances; socials; parties; small girls’ chorus. Summer Work.—Three base ball teams. Former Location. 167 Tenth Ave., Aug., 1908. Head Worker. Ina H. Fenwick, 1908-. Volunteers. Women 7, men 3. Literature. Authorized Statements. Bissell House Annual, 1908-1909. See also: A Settlement on Three Hundred a Year. Survey, xxii : 573-574 (July 24, 1909). 11MINNESOTA DULUTH Neighborhood House (Center) 2423 West Superior Street Founded 1908, by the Twentieth Century Club for educative work, and as a nucleus of settlement work. Maintained by the club. Neighborhood. Outlying business section. Draws from railroad section and industrial workers. Maintains library (co-operation Public Library Board); sewingschool; gymnasium; boys’ clubs with athletic, social, and literary interests. The work is conducted by volun- teers from the Twentieth Century Club. For information apply to the secretary of the Twentieth Century Club, ;Duluth, Minn. MINNEAPOLIS Pillsbury Settlement House (Undenominational) (Formerly Bethel Settlement, 1897-1905) 320 Sixteenth Avenue, South (1907-) Established September, 1897,the outgrowth of the work of the Plymouth Kindergarten and Industrial Association (organized 1883-, to continue social work started by Plymouth Church in 1879) which maintained a kindergarten, industrial classes for women, day nursery, sewing school, girls’ clubs (1895) and boys’ clubs (1897). Became Bethel Settlement Association in 1897; and in 1898 the Park Church and the First Church were asked to assist. In 1905 be- came Pillsbury House, through the gift of its building and equipment as a me- morial to the parents of the Messrs. Pillsbury. Aims “to stimulate and co-ordi- nate neighborhood movements for social and civic righteousness; to provide recreation and education supplemental to the school and the church, to interpret neighborhood needs, to further the general scheme of democracy.” Maintained by endowment, the Plymouth and First Congregational churches, and subscrip- tions of citizens. Plymouth contributes over 50 per cent of the cost of main- tenance. Neighborhood. Located in the most crowded district of the city, as to both population and saloons. Children see constantly about them the worst side of Minneapolis life. The people are Norwegians, Swedes, Danes, Russian Jews, and Negroes, with a remnant of many other nationalities. Activities. With the co-operation of its civic clubs and public spirited citizens carried on a campaign for cleaner moral conditions, for better play 146MINNESOTA M7 spaces for children, for city night schools for foreigners, and for pure water. The Civic Club succeeded in defeating a corrupt alderman at the primaries, and elected its candidate to the City Council. Maintains kindergarten; day nursery; weekly entertainments; gymnasium and athletic events; classes in embroidery, pottery, sewing, cooking, dressmaking, mending, sloyd, music (piano, band), dancing; singing societies; folk games; clubs for men, women, young people and children, with civic, intellectual, and social aims; Sunday school; en- tertainments; lectures; neighborhood socials; meeting place of independent societies, etc. The house maintains with the Associated Charities a housekeeping center and a visiting housekeeper. Summer Work.—Flower distribution; athletics; summer kinder- garten; picnics; excursions; camp for boys and girls. Former Location. 1316 Second St., 1897—Fall, 1906. Residents. Women 6, men 4. Volunteers. Women 65, men 15. Head Residents. Caroline T. Plant, 1897-1899; C. B. Guthrie, 1899-1904; Bertha Smith, 1904-1905; Elizabeth E. Taylor, 1905-1907; Henry F. Burt, 1907-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Reports, 1902, 1908. See also: The New Pillsbury House. Char, and Commons, xvii : 694 (Jan. 19, 1907) — Minneapolis Settlements. Char, and Commons, xix : 1269 (Dec. 21, 1907). Unity House Headquarters and Girls’ Building, 1616 Washington Avenue, N. (1897-). Unity Library and Gymnasium, Cor. 17th Avenue, N., and Third Street (1905 and 1909). Boys’ Club, 1714 North Third Street (1907-). Boys’ Boarding Club, 1705 Fifth Street, N. (1909-). Camp Unity, Lake Wapo- gassett, Wisconsin. Playground, lot opposite 1616 Washington Avenue, N. Established September 21, 1897, by the liberal churches of the city for “general benevolent and educational work and social and moral reform." Aims “to work in co-operation with neighbors for the benefit of the neighborhood and city" and “to be a center, which through mutual helpfulness will secure higher standards for the children and the neighborhood." Incorporated October 29, 1901. Maintained by general subscriptions, and the Church of the Redeemer. Neighborhood. “ The lumber mill district of Minneapolis, and in the midst of the saloon ‘patrol district’ where drunkenness is common. At present the uplifting agencies aside from Unity House are Hope Chapel, maintained by Westminster Presbyterian Church; Douglas Chapel, by the Hennepin Avenue Methodist; and gymnasiums at Pilgrim Con- gregational and Ascension Catholic Churches. People of various races in the following order of numerical importance: German, Jewish, Scandinavian, American, Polish. We have no very congested district but are doing increasingly more of preventive work with children and civic work through public schools, etc." Activities. Conducted a night school in a neighborhood public school loaned by the board of education, which work the board assumed in 1907. The manual training rooms of a nearby school are used for a settlement class. Active in the promotion and working out of the juvenile protection law, child labor laws, playground movement, etc. Maintained a library for three years and handed it over to the public library in the spring of 1909; a kindergarten from 1902 to148 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS 1908, when it was taken by the public school. Established a penny provident fund, and a resident still has charge of it at the Franklin School under the control of the Farmers and Mechanics Bank. Gymnasium work was begun in 1905 at 1627 Washington Avenue, N.; continued for three years at 404 Plymouth Avenue, N., and moved into new building, corner 17th Avenue N. and Third Street, March, 1909. Maintains day nursery; library; boys* boarding club; classes in hand and machine sewing, dressmaking, crocheting, embroidery, singing, dancing, current events, dramatics and gymnastics; boys’ classes in debating, band, chess, political club, manual training, Indian club, sloyd, story-hour, and gymnastics; clubs for women, boys, girls, and chil- dren, having musical, literary, industrial or social aims. Summer Work.—The play- ground is under the supervision of a trained kindergartner, and milk, ice and spring water are provided. It is supported by the mothers’ club at a cost of $220 a year, and is used by about one hundred children a day. Residents. Women 9, men 2. Volunteers. Women 2. Head Residents. Rev. Howard McQueary, 1897; (Mrs.) Helen Page Bates, 1899; Nettie E. Waite, 1900; (Mrs.) Susan Holbrook, 1903; Caroline Macomber Crosby, Aug., 1904-. Literature. Year books of Church of Redeemer, 1899-1909 — The Social Settle- ment and the Labor Problem. The Kingdom, Oct. 21, 1897 — McQueary, Howard: The Social Settlement. The Minnesota M., Jan., 1899. Wells Memorial House (Episcopal) 116 North nth Street (1908-) Established September, 1908, by Saint Marks Parish, through a gift of $50,000. Formally opened October 16, 1908, and the management committed to a board made up from the Episcopal churches of the city. Supported by a small endowment, voluntary contributions, and fees. Neighborhood. The edge of the business district, near the railroad. Not far from some large knitting mills. Maintains religious services and Sunday school; kindergarten; day nursery; reading room; library; dispensary (medical, eye, ear, nose and throat, surgical, and ob- stetrical departments); gymnasium with classes for adults, young people and children; business women’s club; mothers’clubs; work exchange; boys’and girls’clubs; industrial school; entertainments, etc. Summer Work.—Day nursery; library; children’s camp. Residents. Women 4. Volunteers. Women 2. Superintendent. Rev. C. E. Haupt. Head Resident. Margaret Chapman. Literature. Monthly bulletin. ST. PAUL Neighborhood House 153-157 Robertson Street (1900-) Established 1899 by Reformed Jews as the outgrowth of a sewing school, organized some five years earlier. Aims “ to form a social center for the develop- ment of citizenship and to afford an opportunity for sociological study.” Made non-sectarian in 1903.MISSISSIPPI 149 Neighborhood. "Situated in West St. Paul ... in the section commonly known as the 'flats/ It is an old French part of the town, more recently invaded by Rus- sian-Jewish, Syrian, Irish, German, Bohemian, and Polish people/’ Maintains library; sewing school four times a week; mothers’ clubs; classes in dancing, manual training, and piano; boys’ clubs; girls’ glee club; girls’ club; gardens; picnics, etc. Summer Work.—House closed from June 1 to October 1. Former Location. 185 East Indiana Ave., 1899-1900. Residents. Women 2. Paid Assistants. Women 2, men 1. Volunteers. Women29, men 1. Head Residents. Edith Short, 1899-1900; (Mrs.) Margaret McKee Pentland, 1900-1905; Clara N. Kellogg, 1905- Literature. Authorized Statements. Reports 1906, 1908, 1909. MISSISSIPPI BILOXI Wesley House (Methodist) Established January, 1910, continuing a mission of the Joint Gulf Coast Missions of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, a chain of immigrant and city mission centers on the Gulf, in the states of Texas, Louisiana and Mississippi. Neighborhood. Located near the oyster canneries among Bohemians and other immigrants brought in car loads from Baltimore by the owners of the oyster canneries. They remain in this community eight months of the year. At the end of that time they are transported back to the Baltimore canneries. They live in miserable houses, two rooms each. Maintains sewing schools; night schools; boys’ clubs; mothers’ clubs. The deaconess has practiced friendly visiting in all of the homes that have been open to her. Residents. Women 2. Volunteers. Women 3. Head Resident. Rhoda Dragoo, 1910-.MISSOURI KANSAS CITY GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY Hanson, J. M.: Social Movements in Kansas City. Commons, vii, No. 72 (July, 1902). Charity Work in Kansas City. Charities, vii: 34 (Oct. 26, 1901). Work in Kansas City. Charities, ix : 528 (Nov. 29, 1902). Central Presbyterian Chapel and Settlement House $0$ Forest Avenue Founded July, 1908, by the Women's Missionary Society of Central Presbyterian Church, “to elevate mentally, morally, and physically; also to give the underlying principles of our government to the foreigners living in the North End of our City.’’ Maintained by monthly contributions from the Session of Central Presbyterian Church, the missionary societies of the church, the Brother- hood of the church, and individuals; also by quarterly contributions from East- minster Presbyterian Church of Kansas City, Missouri. Neighborhood. “The people of this section of Kansas City are Italians, Greeks, Belgians, Slavs, Syrians, Negroes, and a few Americans. The Italian settlement known as ‘Little Italy’ has over 3500 souls, and is our special field, although all but Negroes are received into our classes.” Maintains kindergarten; free clinic; district nursing service; library and reading room for men and boys; boys’ gymnasium; night classes in cobbling; sewing and cooking classes; girls’ reading and club rooms; auditorium for religious services. Summer Work.—Camps, gymnasium work, and social clubs. Residents. Women 1, men 1. Head Workers. Rev. Louis Moxedana, June, 1909-1910; Rev. Enrico Sartorio, Oct., 1910-. The Institutional Church (Methodist) Admiral Boulevard and Holmes Street Established institutional features, April, 1905. “The church has two departments, viz., the department of worship, with its pastor and corps of workers looking to the spiritual upbuilding of our people, and the settlement department. The latter department is entirely non-sectarian. We strive to be both a religious and social center, radiating uplifting and ennobling influences throughout the community and parish—the North End. We seek especially to do preventive and constructive work among little children and young people, not forgetting the needs of the more mature.” 150MISSOURI 151 Neighborhood. “Located in what is known as the North End of Kansas City, a community of some 20,000 people, where there is much of sin, poverty, and crime. A recent investigation shows more than 50 saloons and 55 open houses of ill fame. Racially the largest per cent of the 20,000 are American born. Three thousand Italians are con- gested in what is known as ‘Little Italy/ There are four thousand Jews, six or seven hundred Greeks, and two or three hundred Syrians and Arabs. There are also a great many Negroes in our territory. Ours is a community of working people. Many of them are prosperous and progressive, but the great majority live perilously near the ‘danger line of necessity/ When fortune favors, the daily wages are sufficient for the daily needs, but there is little margin for emergencies. An accident, a spell of sickness, puts the family al- most beyond hope ever to get ahead. Intemperance saps much of the strength of true man- hood and puts an early end to much usefulness. Insanitary housing causes much of the sickness and thus many who were once self-supporting drop into poverty and utter dependence/’ Maintains day nursery; pure milk station; juvenile court work; night school; cooking school; music school; gymnasium; shower baths; playgrounds; classes in car- pentry, woodworking, mechanical and architectural drawing; sewing, dressmaking, mil- linery, embroidery, art drawing, stenography and typewriting; clubs for women, young people and children; socials, etc.; religious services. Residents. Women ii. Volunteers. Women 60, men io. Head Resident. Ethel Jackson, 1906-1910; Dr. Charles W. Moore, 1911-. Literature. Folders, schedules, etc. — Dyson, S. A.: The North End Mission. Spectator, ii, No. 1 (Jan., 1905). Jewish Educational Institute Admiral Boulevard and Harrison Street (1909-) Founded May, 1909. Aims “to instill in the immigrants an understand- ing of American citizenship, institutions, and ideals/’ Neighborhood. “Our neighborhood is largely Italian and Jewish, the latter ele- ment predominating. While our institute is non-sectarian, its attendance is largely com- posed of Jewish immigrants.” Maintains relief bureau; special employment service to place immigrants (Gal- veston Movement); night school; gymnasium and baths; library; kindergarten and nursery; cooking school; music lessons; sewing school; clubs for young men and women; dramatic entertainments; lectures and concerts; juvenile court work. Superintendent. Jacob Billikopf. Thomas H. Swope Settlement (Formerly South Side Social Settlement, 1901-1905; Franklin Institute and Social Set- tlement, 1905-1909) 1608-1614 Campbell Street Established May 1, 1901, by Mr. J. M. Hanson and Mrs. Luetta R. Hanson, “to supplement the crowded homes of the district with a social and educational center.” Incorporated September, 1906, “to do social and philan- thropic work.” Aims (1910) “to assist the neighbors in working out their152 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS neighborhood problem, and to interpret conditions to those more fortunate.” Supported by voluntary contributions. Neighborhood. Located in a tenement house quarter where there is much bad housing, a lack of educational facilities, and the problems of unemployment and poverty. The people are Americans born of Irish stock, Jews, a few Poles, Italians, and Mexicans. Activities. Stimulated the board of education to establish a night school for the working boys and girls and for immigrants. The civic authorities have been interested in the shine shops and the Greek boys, who now have shorter days, half holidays on Sunday, and the privilege of attending night school three nights a week. The city has been stimulated to appoint a tenement house com- mission; and after two years* agitation in regard to the motion picture show and mutoscope halls, valuable and necessary legislation was secured. Co-operated with its neighbors in an effort to drive out prostitution and to exercise a certain moral supervision over the district. Constant efforts to hold the city to its duty in the matter of sanitary inspection and service. Maintains day nursery; kindergarten; dispensary; visiting nurse; pure milk depot; penny ice depot; supervised playground; classes in sewing, domestic science, and music; clubs for adults, young people and children with civic, athletic, and social interests. Summer Work.—Basket, raffia, and bead work; story hour; playground; vacant lot gardening; nature study classes. Former Locations. 216 E. 19th St., 1901; 1901 McGee St. Residents. Women 4, men 1. Volunteers. Women 15, men 15. Head Residents. Mr. and Mrs. Joseph M. Hanson, 1901-190$; James T. Chafin, 1905-1911. Literature. Authorized Statements. Spectator, published monthly by the Institute. (1904-5.) See also: Hanson, J. M.: Social Movements in Kansas City, Mo. Commons, vii, No. 72 (July, 1902) — South Side House (Kansas City) under management of Improved Dwellings Co. Clarities vii : 342 (Oct. 26, 1901). ST. JOSEPH Wesley House (Methodist) Corner Wyoming and Lake Avenues Established November, 1909, for “the purpose of elevating the home life in the community, training the child life, and seeking to bring the people among us in touch with the church.” Maintained by pledges from the Women's Home Mission societies of the seven Methodist churches in the city, by personal con- tributions and monthly subscriptions. Neighborhood. In the neighborhood are three large packing plants and two gar- ment factories. The people are Americans, and immigrant Slavs; ignorant and helpless. Maintains day nursery; playground; library; relief work among destitute; friendly visiting; boys* club; kindergarten; sewing school among foreign girls. Summer Work.—Playground. Residents. Women 2. Volunteers. Women 6. Head Resident. Frances Scott, 1909-.MISSOURI i$3 SAINT LOUIS GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY Thompson, Miss. The Social Settlement in Saint Louis, 1909. On file at the School of Philanthropy. Baldwin, Roger N. New Tenants and Old Shacks. Survey, xxv : 825-828 (Feb. 18, 1911). Church of the Holy Communion (Episcopal) Twenty-eighth and Washington Streets Founded 1905. The expense of the social work is met by the church, many old residents retaining their membership. Neighborhood. A lodging-house quarter of fine old houses. The people are largely clerks in stores, and young people just coming to the city in search of work. Maintains educational classes; clubs; neighborhood visiting. Residents. Women 2, men 1. Volunteers. Men 40. Holy Cross House (Episcopal) Marion Place (1910-) Founded 1905, by the Rev. William Cochran “to benefit the neighborhood morally, religiously, socially, and educationally.” Supported by the Diocese. Neighborhood. A mixed factory and tenement quarter. The houses are front and rear brick tenements of two or three stories. The people, largely factory employes or street laborers, are German and Irish. Maintains, in addition to the various religious services of the church, a kinder- garten; resident visiting nurse; pure milk station; daily clinics; rummage sales; classes in sewing, cooking and carpentry; clubs for women, boys, and girls. Entertainments are given weekly. Summer Work.—Playground; baths; games; picnics and excursions. Former Locations. 12th St., 1905-1907; 1340 N. 14th St., 1907-1910; 1319 N. 14th St., 1907-1910. Residents. Women 2, men i. Volunteers. Women 10, men 6. Head Resi- dent. Rev. George Farrand Taylor, 1909-. Kingdom House (Methodist) 1053 South Eighth Street (1909-) Established in the spring of 1902, as the outgrowth of a mission begun in 1896. Aims “to do religious settlement work.” Under the control of the Woman’s Board of City Missions of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, of the St. Louis Conference. Supported by subscriptions from members of the Methodist Church South in St. Louis. Neighborhood. A mixed factory and tenement quarter of three and four-story brick tenements. The neighbors vary from the immigrant to the cultivated native who has “seen better days.” The tone of the community is given by the Germans. Maintains playground; library; neighborhood parlor and reading room; baths; clinic; pure milk station; day nursery; penny savings station; lunch club for factory employes; neighborhood laundry; supply store; classes in carpentry, sewing, millinery,154 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS cooking, clay modeling, piano; clubs for men, women, girls, and children; lectures, enter- tainments, and socials. Summer Work.—Organized play; shower baths; outings, etc. Many of the clubs continue their meetings. Former Locations. Cor. Seventh and Hickory Sts., 1902-1907; 801 and 803 Hickory Sts., 1907-1909. Residents. Women 8. Volunteers. Women 58, men 8. Head Residents. Mattie Wright, 1903-1907; Helen C. Gibson, Apr., 1907-. Literature. Annual Year Book. Neighborhood House (Formerly the North Broadway Social Settlement) 1844 and 1846 O’Fallon Street (1908-) Established May, 1902, as the outgrowth of volunteer clubs and classes organized in 1897 by members of the Wednesday Club at 1227 North Broadway. In 1902 an association was formed, a resident head and trained workers engaged, and the name changed to Neighborhood House. Aims “to teach higher stan- dards of living, to provide wholesome recreation, and to bring into closer relations the people of the surrounding district and those of other parts of the city.” “Its purpose is to help its neighborhood and its people to grow materially better and spiritually higher; to have good houses and then good homes. It seeks to draw together in neighborly association and in friendly and helpful intercourse all who wish to make our city a better place to live in and its people better citizens.” Neighborhood. Located in a crowded tenement district of poorly paid wage- earners. The people are Poles, Russians, Italians, and Bohemians, with many persons of Irish and German descent. Russian and Polish Jews are rapidly moving in, and may event- ually crowd out the other nationalities. A recent investigation showed four hundred children under six years old in two blocks. Maintains day nursery (1906-); kindergarten; playground; special nature study room; library; legal aid; classes in domestic art, nature study, story telling, sewing, manual training, basketry, paper flowers, dancing, music, etc.; school for non-English speaking immigrants; clubs for women, young people, and children. Summer Work.— Playground; excursions and outings. Former Locations. 1225-1227 N. Broadway, 1897-1906; 1516 North Eleventh St., 1906-1908. Residents. Women 3. Volunteers. Women 55, men 4. Head Residents. Mrs. Petrine Overland; Mrs. Alexander Young; Mrs. J. W. Wallace; S. Bertha Carring- ton; Nina Prey, 1908; Lotta Luckow, 1909-10. Literature. Authorized Statements. Annual Reports — Pamphlet, The North Broadway Social Settlement. Prof. A. O. Lovejoy, of Washington University. 1904 — Neighborhood House, 1907-8 — Neighborhood House and Day Nursery, Fall, 1909 — Neighborhood House, Its Purpose and Work, Jan., 1910. The Sand-Pile House 1320 Blair Avenue Established May, 1907, by Helen Gregg, who secured and furnished a small house and aims simply to be a good neighbor to those about her.MISSOURI I55 Neighborhood. A district of small tenement cottages in a much neglected part of the city. The people are Americans, Irish, Germans, and Jews. Maintains sewing class, many clubs, and much informal use of the house for parties and events. Summer Work.—The yard provides a garden, and a sand pile and swing for children. Pasteurized milk is distributed to such as need it. Literature. Gregg, Helen: Story of the Sand-pile House. St. Louis, 1911. Price 50 cents. Apply to Miss Gregg. Self Culture Hall (Center) 1832 Carr Street Founded 1888, by Walter L. Sheldon and the Ethical Society, for the purpose of providing the “self-dependent, self-respecting artisan class with opportunities for self improvement/’ The first work consisted of establishing free reading rooms for men open for evening and Sunday use; then a Friday evening lecture course was added; and later a Thursday evening program for working girls was attempted. Social features were attempted from time to time, but purposely kept subordinate to the educational work. New centers were opened in different parts of the city as opportunity offered. In 1896 the association bought the house at 1832 Carr Street and in so localizing itself laid the basis for neighborhood work. Though there were several resident-superin- tendents, it was not until 1903 that the neighborhood and social features began to be developed, and the house took on many of the aspects of the social settle- ment. Aims “to furnish opportunities for recreation and education to working men and women, and to assist generally in neighborhood and civic improvement.’’ Incorporated 1893. Neighborhood. A densely populated working class tenement district. The peo- ple are Jews, Irish and American. Maintains public library station; public baths; pure milk station with trained nurse visitor; study room; penny savings. The house is exceptional in its work for adults. Of an average weekly attendance of 1218 persons, 876 are adults and 342 children. Adults’ classes in cooking, sewing, millinery, design, elocution, dramatics, literature; clubs and organizations for sociability, self help, or propaganda. Children’s classes in carpen- try, ironwork, raffia, crocheting, drawing, picture framing, paperwork, paper doll making, cooking, sewing, music, dancing, dramatics, stories, games, German, and gymnasium; Fri- day entertainments. Summer Work.—Playground; vacation school; picnics and excur- sions. Head Workers. W. H. Lighty, Spring, 1901; Roger N. Baldwin, Spring, 1906- January, 1907; Althea Somerville, Jan., 1907-1910; Jane E. Thompson, Sept., 1910-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Annual Reports of the house, 1903 ff. — Ethical Address, Series vii, Nos. 3-4 — Sheldon, Walter L.: The Wage-Earners’ Self- Culture Club of St. Louis. Self-Culture Hall Association—The Rise of the Social Settlement Movement in St. Louis. Cbar. and Commons, xx : 670-674 (Sept. 5, 1908).i $6 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS St. Stephen’s House (Episcopal) Sixth and Rutger Streets Founded as a mission in 1884. Neighborhood work begun by Gustavus Tuckerman in 1891. The new building erected in 1897 was called St. Stephen’s House. Aims “ to be a social settlement on distinctively Christian lines.” The religious work is supported by the congregation, but the institutional work is paid for by the Episcopal churches of the city. Neighborhood. A tenement quarter of two-story brick houses. The neighbors are largely of German extraction. Activities. Maintained the first free playground in St. Louis; one of the first free kindergartens; and conducted the first public baths. Maintains. In addition to the services of the church there are reading and smoking rooms; gymnasium; under-age kindergarten; twenty classes, and nine clubs; clothing bureau; entertainments, etc. Summer Work.—Religious work as in winter. Reading, smoking rooms and gymnasium open all the year. Open-air play yard, basket and base- ball, shot, quoits, etc. all the year. St. Stephen’s-in-the-Hills, a tract of 110 acres in foot- hills of the Ozark Mountains, on the Meramec River, is a summer pleasure ground for St. Stephen’s people, equipped with chapel, playroom, dining room, kitchen, three dormi- tories, and four cottages for attendants. Entertained, summer 1910, for one week each, 490 persons. Residents. Women 3, men 3. Volunteer Residents. Women 1, men 1. Head Residents. Rev. Gustavus Tuckerman, 1891-1901; Rev. H. W. Mizner, 1901-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Journal of the Church in the Diocese of Missouri. See also: Occasional articles in Church News, the official paper of the Diocese of Missouri — Issues of St Stephen's Chimes, parish paper occasionally published. United Jewish Educational and Charitable Associations 901 Carr Street Established 1904, by the amalgamation of various Jewish educational philanthropies, one of which dates back to November, 1875. Aims “to uplift the moral and intellectual development of the dwellers of the neighborhood.” N eighborhood. Until a few years ago the heart of the Jewish immigrant quarter of St. Louis. The Jewish population is moving toward the western part of the city, their place being rapidly filled by the Italians and colored people. The Alliance is now planning to open branches in the localities where its former constituents live. Activities. Efforts to better the sanitation and housing in its quarter; and has had a part in the city-wide efforts for parks, playgrounds, library facili- ties, baths, increased public school facilities, better housing laws, improvement of street service, the extension work of the board of education, etc. Maintains day nursery; pure milk station; employment bureau; dispensary; district nurse; relief department; neighborhood investigator; social housekeeper; legal aid bureau; kindergarten; Hebrew free school; Hebrew Saturday children’s service; penny savings bank; industrial school (sewing, cooking, weaving, embroidery, house- keeping, etc.); commercial department (shorthand, typewriting, bookkeeping, telegraphy, grammar and penmanship); music department (piano, violin, orchestra and violin club);MISSOURI 157 academic (classes for foreigners, algebra, geography, arithmetic, physics, history and English); clubs for men and women, young people, and children; concerts; lectures; weekly moving picture shows; dances; social gatherings; children’s plays; club enter- tainments, etc. Summer Work.—Open air meetings; club and class outings; picnics; vacations. Resident Superintendents. Philip L. Seman, 1904-1910; Lazarus E. Schlechter, Jan., 1911—. Literature. Authorized Statements. Yearbooks of the Jewish Charitable and Educational Union, 1904 ff. — Jewish Educational Alliance, 1906. What It Is and What It Is Doing. Pamphlet — Jewish Educational and Charitable Association. Meyer- sons Amer. Family M., Vol. iii, Jan., 1906 — Alliance Cadets. Star Chronicle, Apr. 9, 1906 — Night School. Abend An^eiger, May 4, 1906 — What the Alliance Means. Republic, Apr. 14, 1906 — Work of the Legal Aid Bureau. Star, Oct. 12, 1906 — Penny Savings Bank, Star, Dec. 7, 1906 — The Benton Play. Jewish Voice, Feb. 1, 1907 — Alliance Plays. Modern View, Mar. 15, 1907 — Seman, Philip L.: Work of the Educa- tional Alliance. Modern View, Apr. 5, 1907 — Penny Savings Bank. Republic, Apr. 12, 1907 — The Alliance and What It Does. Republic, May 10, 1907 — Alliance Notes. Modern View, Oct. 20, 1907 — Alliance Notes. Modern View, Oct. 26, 1907 — Alliance and Tuberculosis Exhibit. Post Dispatch, Nov. 3, 1907 — Tuberculosis Exhibit. Globe Democrat, Nov. 3, 1907 — Musical Department of the Alliance. Times, Jan. 10, 1908 — Jewish Progress in St. Louis. Modern View, Apr. 30, 1908 — What the Penny Bank of the Alliance Does. Mogy’s M., July, 1908 — Flower Show. Star, Oct. 12, 1908 — Moving Pictures of the Alliance. Star, Nov. 17, 1908 — Seman, Philip L.: Directory of Charities and Philanthropies, 1909. The Social Settlements — Housing Conditions. Star, Feb. 8, 1909 — Fine Art Culture. Star, Mar. 19, 1909 — Seman, Philip L.: What Is Organized Charity? Jewish Voice, Vol. 46, No. 21, May 21, 1909 — Ghetto Families Plan to Migrate to Farm Homes. Star, Jan. 9, 1910 — Conditions in St. Louis Ghetto. Post Dispatch, Jan. 11, 1910 — Landlords and Ghetto Conditions. Post Dispatch, Jan. 12, 1910 — Con- ditions in St. Louis Ghetto. Post Dispatch, Jan. 13, 1910 — Seman, Philip L.: What the Charity Meeting Did. Modern View, Jan. 16, 1910 — Jewish Philanthropy in St. Louis. Modern View, Jan. 16, 1910 — Effective Uplift Work. Census. Week of April 17, 1910 — Housing Experts and East End Conditions. Star, May 21, 1910 — Seman, Philip L.: Jewish Activities in St. Louis. Federation Rev., June, 1910.NEBRASKA OMAHA Social Settlement of Omaha 1426-1428 South Thirteenth Street (1909-); Cor. South Fourteenth and Wil- liams Streets (1910-); Second and Williams Streets (1910-) Established August, 1908, by the Association of Collegiate Alumnae, the social science department of the Omaha Women’s Club and friends, "to provide a center for higher civic and social life, where a few of us may live in daily per- sonal contact with the people of the neighborhood and may co-operate with them in every effort for the common good." "The general character of the business of this association is that of social service. I ts particular business is to establish and sustain a household, or house- holds, within the limits of the city of Omaha, under the direction of head and resident workers, with day nursery, classes, clubs, entertainments, and any other means found to be needed in the work of bringing about and sustaining an in- telligent acquaintance on the part of all of the citizens of Omaha with the life of every branch of her social system. Its purpose is to foster and develop the good instincts and tendencies common to all peoples, to advance ethical values, to deepen the sense of appreciation of social relationships and responsibilities, to enlarge practical knowledge of hygiene and sanitation, and to meet all other needs in the direction of practical progress in personal integrity, personal happi- ness, and good citizenship." Incorporated March 27, 1908. Neighborhood. A tenement quarter of cottage homes and tenements. The people are largely Bohemians, though there are Jews, Syrians, and Italians. Maintains dispensary; branch of the public library; military drill; gymnastic work; manual training; cooking; sewing; basketry; hammock making; chair caning; singing; story hour; boys’ and girls’ clubs; socials; Clean City League; vacant lot gar- dens. Summer Work.—Vacation school; outings; tennis and croquet courts and ball- field; camp for working boys and girls. Former Location. Initial, 1455 South 14th St., Aug., 1908-July, 1909. Residents. Women 2. Volunteers. Women 20, men 3. Head Residents. Winifred Lyford, Sept. 19, 1908-Jan. 19, 1909; Clara E. Schaefer, September 1, 1909-. 158NEW HAMPSHIRE DANBURY The Church Settlement Association (Episcopal) Established September, 1903, for “sociological work in the state of New Hampshire.” After ten years of neighborhood work in the vicinity of her summer home in the township of Danbury, New Hampshire, the late Mrs. G. G. Nichols of Dedham, and Miss Elizabeth Slocum of West Roxbury, Massachusetts, se- cured the erection of a little church building, and in 1897 purchased an old inn, which became a rural social center. This property was transferred to a board of trustees at the dates indicated above. Incorporated, November, 1903. Neighborhood. Adjoins the school of a hamlet of some fifty inhabitants, and is in the midst of an extended rural region of New England people and French Canadians. Maintains. The trustees of the association are individually and collectively in- terested in civic and social work both in Concord and the state at large. They are engaged in a sociological study of the state and have secured valuable data covering nearly one hundred and fifty townships. The settlement house at Elmwood, Danbury, is the center of its rural interests. This house is open only in the summer, and has an excellent library and reading room, and a large hall for all social purposes. Land adjoin- ing has been purchased for a playground for the village school. Particular interest is taken in the extension of school supervision. For twenty-three years small classes have been held from time to time in various subjects,—American history, the violin, sew- ing, cooking, basketry, rug-making; while guilds and clubs have had their history of a longer or shorter duration. From this center, and other centers, a large amount of litera- ture relating to the home, schools, farms, sanitary matters and good citizenship (and many barrels of magazines for lumber camps) have been sent to all parts of the state. Also books and pamphlets relating to sociological work have gone to teachers and other workers both within and without the state. A clothing bureau has also been a feature of the work. Large use has been made in many places of the stereopticon. Four experiments have been tried in district nursing. A small hospital close to the settlement has just been given into the hands of the association. Summer Work.—A camp for boys maintained by the missionary society of St. Paul School, Concord, and under the management of John R. Weller, a special branch of the work not referred to above. This camp, and a house for councillors made up of older boys of the above society, are on School Pond in the same town of Danbury. For information address Secretary of the Church Settlement Association, 80X School St., Concord, N. H. Literature. Pamphlets issued by the settlement: Honor in Politics. By the late John G. Floyd of New York — Emery, W. S.: The Divorce Question. The Nation’s Call and the Call of New Hampshire. Five Years of Country Settlement Work. Reports of Settlement Association for 1906, 1907-08. 159NEW JERSEY THE NEW JERSEY ASSOCIATION OF NEIGHBORHOOD WORKERS Organized in March, 1903, at the call of Cornelia Bradford of Whittier House, Jersey City, “to bring together the settlement workers of the state in monthly conferences for the discussion of subjects of immediate interest in this kind of work; to promote and safeguard legislation affecting the interests of the people in industrial districts and cities.” “The object of the association shall be to effect co-operation among those who are working for neighborhood and civic improvements and to promote movements for social progress/’ Activities. The association meets monthly at the different settlements. The work of the houses is explained, and an address given by some person informed on neighborhood or civic work. The association, through its legisla- tive committee, appears from time to time before the legislature in support of bills on child labor, pure food, amusements, etc. Officers. President: Cornelia Bradford, Whittier House, Jersey City. Secre- tary: R. Estelle Lauder, Newark Neighborhood House, Newark. Literature. The News of the Neighborhood House. Summit, N. J., May, 1906 — New Jersey Neighborhood Workers. (Notes on topics discussed at monthly meeting.) Cbar. and Commons, xvii : 1051 (Mar. 9, 1907). BOUND BROOK Neighborhood Settlement House Corner Vasseller Avenue and Second Street Established November, 1909, by a board of twenty-six representative men and women of Bound Brook. “This house stands for better living, for higher ideals of life and good citizenship among a large foreign population.” N eigh borhood. A mill and factory district. The population is 1 talian and Slavic. Maintains clinic; district nursing service; library and reading room; night school for the Italians; gymnastic work for boys and girls; sewing school; clubs for boys and girls and young men; cooking classes; gardens; playground. Former Location. Nurses’ House, 211 W. Second St., Nov., 1909-Nov., 1910. Residents. Women 2. Volunteers. Women 8, men 2. Head Residents. Miss V. J. Curren, Nov., 1909-Feb., 1910; S. Elvira Hodges, Feb., 1910--. ENGLEWOOD Civic League Neighborhood House 32 Dean Street (1907-) Established November, 1907, as the outgrowth of a boys’ club established in 1899 by a committee of the Woman's Club. This committee in 1900 organized 160NEW JERSEY 161 the Civic League which developed the boys’ work into a day nursery and neigh- borhood center, and carried on the work with volunteers’ service until 1907. Aims “ to bring about such cordial knowledge and co-operation as shall ensure that the community can work as one man for the good of all; to secure a demo- cratic social center where all may meet for improvement, recreation and civic purpose.” Neighborhood. The town is a residential suburb without factories. The people are Irish, Americans, Italians, Jews, and Negroes. Activities. The league suggested and helped organize (Spring, 1907) a bureau of associated relief. A club of colored boys, maintained during some ten years, was established December 17, 1907, in a house at 12 West Palisade Avenue. The club is self-governed except for the supervision of a committee of three members from the league board, and is almost entirely self supporting. Maintains day nursery; library; penny provident bank, with branches in the neighborhood schools; classes in basketry, chair caning, burnt wood, metal work, sewing, story hours and numerous clubs for all ages. Summer Work.—Two playgrounds, home gardens, and co-operation with vacation societies. Residents. Women 1, men 1. Volunteers. Women 45, men 3. Head Resident. Mrs. William Bryant, Fall, 1907-. Literature. 1. Authorized Statements. Reports of the League, especially 1907-1909. II. Social Studies by Residents. Chapin, Caroline B. (of the Civic League, Englewood): Settlement Work Among Colored People. Ann. Amer. Acad. 0/ Pol. and Soc. Sci., xxi : 2 (March, 1903). JERSEY CITY Whittier House 172 (1894) -174 (1907) Grand Street Established May 14, 1894, by Cornelia F. Bradford as the outgrowth of social work begun December 20, 1893, in a small room called an “office” in the People’s Palace. Incorporated for the following purposes: “(1) Through friendship, neighborliness and personal influence to promote in the community such a relation of fellowship and mutual helpfulness between people of different occupations and different opportunities as shall improve the physical, intellectual and moral welfare of the neighborhood. The means to this end shall include, in addition to the personal forces of friendship, the formation of such kindergartens, classes, clubs and societies as shall promote the social ideal. (2) To establish a house which shall serve as the residence for those actively engaged in the work of the settlement, as the center for advantageously studying the social problem at close range and out of personal experience; as the meeting place for clubs, classes, conferences and entertainments, and as the common meeting ground for the development and expression of the social, civic and moral spirit of the community. (3) To co-operate with churches, with educational, charitable and labor organiza- tions, and with other agencies organized for the improvement of social condi- tions.” 12162 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS "The object of Whittier House is to work for the social betterment of the ward in which it is located, to live on friendly terms with its neighbors and to reach out through the ward into the city. The foreign neighbor it helps to citizenize and to fit for life either in Jersey City or in some other locality. It is entirely undenominational in belief and work, though a Chinese Sunday school was carried on in one of the rooms for over two years. It believes that in all peoples, even though their customs vary, their standards be different, and our conventionalities be discarded, there are reserves of moral power and worth, and therefore desires not only to give, but also to learn.” Neighborhood. “The people are 75 per cent Slavic, and 25 per cent Irish, Germans, Negroes, Russians, Poles, and Italians. The men work in the sugar, soap, and tobacco factories, and on the docks. The quarter is sordidly poor and in constant flux, with none of the picturesque and intellectual qualities of the lower East Side of New York.” Activities. Whittier House is the pioneer settlement in New Jersey and has been able to be of service as well to the state as to the city. With the College Settlements Association it conducted an investigation into the housing condi- tions of Jersey City, which resulted in the formation of the State Tenement House Commission. The first inspectors, working under the commission, were residents. The house was instrumental in establishing the State Consumers’ League, which has its office at the House, the State Neighborhood Workers Asso- ciation, and the Hudson County Tuberculosis Sanitarium. Residents have fre- quently appeared before various legislative committees, and are represented on the State Board of Charities, the Child Labor Committee, the Pure Food Com- mittee, the Children’s Protective Alliance, the Hudson County Vigilance League. Miss Bradford has given much time to lecturing, writing, and speaking on phases of social work both in New Jersey and elsewhere. Established the first free kindergarten in the city, which it finally turned over to the public authorities; the first district nurse, which resulted in the organization of the Municipal Nursing Service; and the first public playground, which was for some years the only one. In 1896 the mayor appointed two resi- dents on the Investigation and Relief Committee for the purpose of inquiry into the origin of a large fire, and to administer funds to the victims. Discontinued its dispensary to co-operate in 1907 with the city dispensaries; and relinquished its library to the city, though it is still carried on in the building. Its legal aid department, organized in 1894, has always been a most important feature. Instrumental in organizing the Jersey City Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Children, the Organized Aid, and the City Betterment League. Its Neighborhood Council has appeared before the mayor, the board of education, and other public bodies, and has been instrumental in securing a playground for the ward, and in doing other social work. There is a governing board made up of members of the older clubs, and all questions of detail in regard to the carrying on of the settlement are referred to this board. Maintains branch of the public library; evening clinic; legal aid; office savings bank; study room for school children; neighborhood and club councils; classes in sewing,NEW JERSEY 163 cooking, millinery, dressmaking, embroidery, basket weaving, chair caning and athletics; clubs with musical, dramatic, athletic, dancing, and social ends for women, young people, and children. There are several clubs organized on a racial basis; and the house provides a room for a Chinese Sunday school. Entertainments; lectures on social, economic, and other subjects; parties and socials. The house is frequently used for the weddings, funerals and parties of the neighbors. Residents. Women 11, men 3. Volunteers. Women 40, men 10. Head Resident. Cornelia F. Bradford, 1893-. Literature. I. Authorized Articles. Reports and circulars. (Apply at settle- ment.) — Bradford, Cornelia F.: For Jersey City’s Social Uplift (Life at Whittier House). Whittier House Rev., Commons, x : 101-106 (Feb., 1905). See also: A New Settlement Among the Poor. Outlook, Dec., 1893 — An American Canning Town Settlement. Inde- pendent, ] an.., 1894 — Whittier House in Jersey City. Christian City, Mar., 1895 — Whit- tier House. Prospect Union Rev., Mar. 13, 1895 — Whittier House. Outlook, May, 1895 — Whittier House. Outlook, lvii : 389 (Oct. 9, 1897) — Anniversary of Whittier House. Outlook, lix : 188 (May 21, 1898) — Kingsbury, Mary A. K.: Women in New York Settlements, Whittier House. Munic. Affairs, ii : 458-462 (Sept., 1898) — Whittier House, Jersey City. Commons, ix : 508-9 (Oct., 1904) — Sayles, Mary B.: Settlement Workers and Their Work. 111. Outlook, lxxviii : 304-311 (Oct. 1, 1904). 11. Social Studies by Residents. Sayles, Mary B. (Fellow of the College Set- tlements Association at Whittier House): Housing Conditions in Jersey City. Supple- ment to Ann. Amer. Acad, of Pol. and Soc. Sci., Jan., 1901. Printed in condensed form in Eighth and Ninth Annual Reports of Whittier House, 1902-1903. See also: Commons, vii, No. 75 (Oct., 1902) — Butler, Elizabeth B. (Executive Secretary, Consumers’ League of New Jersey): Mercantile Houses in Jersey City. Published in the Thirteenth Annual Re- port of Whittier House. New Jersey Children in the Street Trades. Char, and Commons, xvii : 1062 (Mar. 16, 1907). Sweated Work in Hudson County, N. J. Char, and Commons, xix : 1257-1264 (Dec. 21, 1907). Women and the Trades. Char. Publication Committee, 1910 — Griffiths, Jane (Investigator for Vineland, N. J., School for Feeble Minded): Causes for Feeble Mindedness — White, Eliz. T.: Slavic Conditions in Jersey City. Pamphlet. Whittier House, Oct. 1909 — Underhill, Ruth M. (Executive Secretary, Con- sumers’ League of New Jersey): Mercantile Conditions in Paterson — Dinwiddie, Emily (General Secretary of New York Tenement House Commission): Investigation of the Family Tenements of New York — Whittier House, Jersey City. Char, and Commons, xvii : 1051 (Mar. 9, 1907). NEWARK Day Nursery and Neighborhood House (Jewish) 108 Montgomery Street (1907-) Established 1907, as an outgrowth of a day nursery started by the Jewish Sisterhood in 1905. “Our house is fast becoming a neighborhood center to be looked to and counted on for encouragement and sympathy. . . . The crying need for social activity led to the beginning of our club work.” Report, 1907. Incorporated December, 1908. Neighborhood. “Situated in the heart of the Jewish district. The people are Russians, Hungarians, Slavs, and some Catholic Poles. Conditions are poor, as the mother is, in a good many homes, the main^upport of the family.’’164 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Maintains day nursery; library; visiting nurse; work for immigrant girls; classes in cooking and home keeping; sewing; clubs for women, young people, and children; entertainments. Summer Work.—Excursions and picnics. Residents. Women 3, men 1. Volunteers. Women 10, men 7. Head Residents. Janice S. Reed, 1907; Anna Guttman, 1908; Minnie Fisher, Sept., 1909-. Literature. Jour, of the Jewish Sisterhood, 1907 (Fall) — Jewish Sisterhood, 1910. Newark Neighborhood House 555 Market Street (1905-) Established January, 1905, “to establish neighborhood houses, conduct social research, and act as a bureau of information.” Incorporated 190$. Neighborhood. “The ‘ Ironbound District’ is the heart of the great factory dis- trict. In the section between Market and Ferry streets, from the Pennsylvania Railroad to Van Buren Street, are the homes of two large colonies of ‘ the strangers within our gates,’ —an Italian and a Slavic colony. In the latter colony are Poles, Lithuanians, Hungarians, and a few hundred from the-other Slavic peoples. Beyond Van Buren Street, ‘Way Down Neck,’ and following the river, are the homes of thousands of German, Irish, English and American workmen and their families. The shopkeepers on the two main thoroughfares, Market and Ferry Streets, are largely Jews and Germans. The houses in this section are representative of the various strata of society. Here are multitudes of tenements of the worst type, veritable cesspools of disease into which are crowded the newly arrived, un- skilled laborers; scores of small, neat houses owned by skilled laborers; and a few houses of the well-to-do families.” Activities. Secured a park for the district. In co-operation with the board of education opened a recreation center with gymnasium and social work in one of the public schools, and this work the city now conducts. Maintains dental clinic; dispensary for factory girls conducted by women physi- cians; modified milk station; library; penny savings service; classes in cooking, sewing and carpentry; clubs for dramatics; dances and social life, entertainments, etc. Summer Work.—Many clubs and classes are continued. Residents. Women 3. Volunteers. Women 20, men 3. Head Residents. Royal Loren Melendy, 1905-1907; Fred S. Hall, 1907-1908; R. Estelle Lauder, Jan., 1908-. Literature. I. Authorized Statements. Reports, etc. The Newark Social Settlement Association-A Prospectus. (Jan., 1905) — The Neighborhood House (Leaflet). March, 1907 — Some of the Clubs at the Neighborhood House. March, 1907 — The Neighborhood House (Report, undated, 1908?) — Hall, Fred S.: A Settlement Trial. Char, and Commons, xvii : 870-872 (Feb. 9, 1907) — The Newark Neighborhood House. Char, and Commons, xix : 926-927 (Oct. 19, 1907) — Newark Association. Char, and Commons, xix : 1269-1270 (Dec. 21, 1907). See also: Melendy, R. F.: Surveying an Untilled Field. Commons, x : 12 (Feb., 1905). II. Articles or Social Studies by Residents. Melendy, R. F.: The Saloon in Chicago and Substitutes for the Saloon. Amer. Jour, of Sociol., Nov., 1900, and Jan., 1901.NEW JERSEY 165 Sophia Ricord Neighborhood House 488 North Fourth Street (1908-) Established March 17, 1908, by Marie Louise Watts and Miss Conklin, as an outgrowth of a mission started in 1903 and named as a memorial to Sophia Ricord, a Newark philanthropist. Aims “to improve the social, mental and physical condition of the neighborhood.” Incorporated, 1908. Neighborhood. An industrial factory district with nearby factories. The people are Irish-American, German-American, and Italian. Maintains gymnastic classes; manual training; game club; library; story hour; dancing; sewing school; penny provident; kitchen garden; four boys’ clubs; woman’s club. Residents. Women 3. Head Resident. M. Louise Watts, March, 1908-. NORTH SUMMIT Neighborhood House (Presbyterian) 511 Morris Avenue (1904-) Established in the spring of 1901, as the outgrowth of a mission work begun in the autumn of 1900 by the First Presbyterian Church. The work while undenominational is broadly Christian. It aims “to work out, if possible, Summit’s immigration problem, represented in a small factory community on her outer limits.” “Our aim is to work with our neighbors for that social righteousness which shall make our part of the town distinctly wholesome, helpful and lovely, and its residents physically, morally and spiritually what they should be in a rural settlement.” (1905, Head Resident.) Incorporated March 30, 1903. Maintained largely by the First Presbyterian Church. Neighborhood. “The town of Summit, with its distinctively suburban charac- teristics, has on its northern outskirts a community that stands practically apart from the town life by reason of its industrial interests and large numbers of foreign residents. A silk mill employs between five hundred and six hundred workers, and other industries at- tract several hundred more, who live in this immediate vicinity and on the opposite shores of the Passaic river. The majority of the population are Syrians, Armenians, and Polish Jews. Other nationalities represented are Italians, Irish, Americans, Bohemians, Russians, Belgians, English, and Turks. In a neighborhood made up of such diverse elements, we aim to provide a unifying interest which shall give to every child, at least, widening oppor- tunities for training head, hand and spirit. Our problems are consequently different from those of the city settlement. The limitations in population and area complicate some of our questions quite as much as they simplify others, where we have such widely differing nationalities to work with under one roof.” Maintains Sunday school and occasional religious services in different lan- guages; library; classes for immigrants; sewing school; kitchen garden; cooking; piano lessons and practice; athletics; clubs for children and women. Summer Work.—The house is open all summer and conducts a playground and children’s gardens. Former Location. 553 Morris Ave. Tenement residence, 1901-1904. Residents. Women 3. Volunteer. Women 1. Head Residents. Annie Creelman, Spring, 1901-Fall, 1901; Grace Elizabeth Paine, Fall, 1901-1906; Katharinei66 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Fairbairn, 1906-Jan., 1909; Caroline Stowes, Jan., 1909-Fall, 1909; Louise M. Lyon, Sept., 1909-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Report. Nov., 1904 — Tbe News. special number, May, 1906 — Annual Statement for 1908; 1909. See also: Neighbor- hood House. Commons, May, 1905, pp. 316-317 — Two Settlements in Smaller Cities, Charities, xiv : 708 (May 6, 1905). ORANGE Visiting Nurses’ Settlement 24 Valley Street Established September 1, 1900, by Margaret H. Pierson “for visiting nursing among the poor,” as an outgrowth of the feeling of the visiting nurse of the Orange Training School that she should live in the “Valley.” Miss Pierson was appointed head worker by the board of governors of the training school, and for five years the pupil-nurses of the hospital received training at the settle- ment. In 1908, when the pupil-nurses were withdrawn, a board of governors was formed to support and develop the work. Supported by subscription. Neighborhood. (SeeOrange Valley Social Institute, below.) Activities. Instrumental in starting the Orthopaedic, Anti-Tubercu- losis School, First Aid to Injured and Milk Dispensary branches of the local nursing service. Maintains a three months’ course in visiting nursing, including outdoor treatment for tuberculosis, for graduates of recognized training schools; milk dispensary; a branch of the diet kitchen of the Orange Valley; a first aid room; a night nurse; annual rummage sale; and constant active co-operation with the board of health. In co-operation with the Orange Valley Social Institute the house provides public lectures on phases of nursing and health. Residents. Women 16. Volunteers. Women 3. Head Residents. Eliza- beth O. Tappan, 1900-1901; Mary Wehrley, 1901-1902; Margaret M. Anderson, 1902- 1906; Honora Bouldin, 1907-. Literature. Authorized Articles. Eighth Annual Report—1907-8. See also: Nurses’ Settlement, Orange. Charities, xii : 198 (1904) — Pierson, Margaret H.: The Orange Visiting Nurses’ Settlement. Char, and Commons, xvi : 48-51 (Apr. 7, 1906) — Orange Visiting Nurses’ Settlement. Char, and Commons, xx.: 508 (July 18, 1908). ORANGE VALLEY Orange Valley Social Institute 35 Tompkins Street (1897 and 1908-) Established April 1, 1897, at first under the auspices of a committee of citizens of Orange, N. J.; now governed by a settlement association; “to provide educational and social opportunities for the people of the neighborhood.” In- corporated, 1907. Neighborhood. Orange Valley includes the manufacturing district of the Oranges. In it are about ten large hat and box factories, around which are gathered a dense popula-NEW JERSEY 167 tion of operatives. The crowded conditions of the homes and the small incomes of the workers make it impossible for these people to provide for themselves the recreative and social surroundings that are both pleasant and profitable. At present the saloon has alone taken advantage of the situation, and as a result there is much intemperance and conse- quent poverty of home comforts. Differing from most other settlements, it is unique in being located in a rural community, yet having the perplexing problems of city settlements. The people number Americans, Irish, Poles, Germans, and Italians. Activities. The settlement kindergarten has been taken over by the board of education. The house has been of service in some labor difficulties. A civic club of young men interest themselves in the problems of the neighbor- hood. Organized Orange Valley Civic League (1897), which bettered the condi- tions of streets, suppressed gambling in public places, and was instrumental in securing a hospital for contagious diseases. Maintains public library; penny provident bank with stations in the public schools; classes in kitchen garden; sewing; boys’ and girls’ gymnastic work; Italian lace work for older women; dramatic club, folk dancing; socials; lectures; mothers’ meeting. Residents. Women 4. Volunteers. Women 30, men 3. Head Residents. Bryant Venable, 1897-1898; Charles H. Warner, 1898-1901; Arthur Cleveland Hall, 1901-1903; Adelaide Crommelin, 1903-. Literature. Authorized Articles. Statements, March, 1899, and Jan., 1901. See also: Orange Valley Institute. Commons, July, 1897; News Note. Commons, June, 1901 — Orange Valley Social Institute, Orange, N. J. Outlook, lvii : 1021 (December 25, 1897) — Orange Valley, N. J., Social Settlement. Char, and Commons, xix : 1376 (Jan. 4, 1908). PATERSON Visiting Nurse Settlement 45 Ward Street (1908-) Established November, 1908, as an outgrowth of the work of a visiting nurse committee of the Charity Organization Society. Incorporated 1910, Neighborhood. The nursing district is the city. The settlement is located in the silk, flax, and jute mill district; and the people are largely Irish-American, with a few American, Italian, and Dutch. Activities. District nursing; school nursing; dental clinic. Maintains classes in sewing, basketry, cooking, nursing, carpentry, mending, danc- ing, clay modeling, mothers’ club; dramatic and social organizations; study class for work- ing boys. Summer Work.—House is open in summer and some classes continue. Residents. Women 3. Volunteers. Women 24, men 8. Head Residents. Elizabeth Sumner, Nov., 1908-June, 1909; Gladys Wells, June, 1909—June, 1910; Ger- trude C. Scott, 1910-. Literature. Annual Report, 1910.i68 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS PRINCETON Princeton Neighborhood House (Formerly Miller Hall) Headquarters, Public Library, 152 Nassau Street. Men and Boys’Work, 16 Witherspoon Street Established September, 1910, by a group of interested citizens, as an outgrowth of the Boys’ Improvement Club, organized March, 1893, at Miller Hall by Dr. John Miller, Susan Miller and Prof. Walter A. Wyckoff, “for the purpose of bringing together the non-sectarian social work and of providing a place for the instruction and amusement of the white inhabitants of the town; and with the further intention of establishing eventually a social center for the colored population.” Neighborhood. Townspeople of all types; population mainly American (nearly one-fourth being colored), with a good proportion of Irish and Italian and a sprinkling of other nationalities. Maintains classes in English, domestic art and science, kitchen garden, novelty work; social, reading, and dramatic clubs; game room; gymnasium; penny provident bank; headquarters of the Charity Organization Society; co-operation with the public library, the public school, the town nurse, Village Improvement Society, Ladies’ Aid Society, Needle-work Guild, Employment Bureau, Philadelphian Society. Purposes to carry on a day nursery; night school; lace work for I talian women; room for visiting nurse; reading rooms; hall for entertainments, dramatics, and dancing; gymnasium, swimming tank, pool rooms; home for resident workers; rooms for community organizations that are social or charitable in their purpose. Residents. Women 2. Volunteers. Women 8, men 8. Resident Director. Harriet McDougal Daniels, 1910--. Literature. Report on the Social Conditions of Princeton, Summer of 1910. (Not published.)NEW YORK ALBANY Cathedral Settlement (Catholic Center) 88 Phillips Street For boys solely. Supported by the St. Vincent de Paul Society. Maintains gymnasium; reading and game rooms; baths. Guild of St. Elizabeth (Catholic Center) 88 Phillips Street Founded June, 1901, by a group of women as a result of a sermon on St. Elizabeth of Hungary. Aims to carry on “benevolent work among children,” and “ to conduct a neighborhood house for the benefit of the poorer residents of the South End.” Incorporated January 14, 1903. Neighborhood. “ A mixed factory and tenement quarter. The people are largely of cosmopolitan extraction.” Maintains employment bureau for girls and boys; stamp and home savings; library; classes in sewing, dressmaking, basket making, cooking, dolls’ dressmaking; lec- tures; entertainments; charitable work. Summer Work.—Picnics and excursions; outings for mothers and babies. Paid Workers. Two. Literature. Authorized Statements. Catholic Annual — Report of St. Elizabeth’s Guild. South End Settlement (Undenominational) 238 South Pearl Street (1905-) Established March, 1905, as an outgrowth of the work of the South End Girls’ Club, begun in February, 1904, by Mrs. Elizabeth H. Slocum in connection with her work as missionary in the Rensselaer Street Union Bible School. “The founders and supporters believe that steady growth in character, permanent ad- vance in morality, the betterment of the home, and improvement in ward and city, must come through the religion of Jesus Christ. So the work is built on religious thought and carried on along religious lines.” Aims “to teach and encourage the art of sewing; to dignify the duties of housekeeping and give practical instruction in its several branches; to provide clean and attractive amusements, and a wholesome social atmosphere; to throw around the members helpful Christian influences.” Maintained by members of the King’s Daughters, Christian Endeavor societies, and individuals. 169170 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Neighborhood. “The South End. The people are mostly Russian Jews; they, and their homes and yards, having all the characteristics of those found in New York. Seventy-five per cent of those who come to the settlement are German; others Irish, Italian, Syrian, Jewish, Scotch, French, Polish, English, and Swedish. The girls are employed in laundries, knitting mills, tablet, potash, box, tobacco, candy, and shirtwaist manufactories, stores, millinery and dressmaking rooms, printing offices and in families; while the boys and young men are employed in banks, ice houses, cars, paint and carpenter shops, fish markets, stores, ash wagons, and potash factories. The fathers run ice carts (hand ones), ash wagons, candy booths, junk places, sew on men’s goods, manufacture caps, or work in coal yards, ice houses, etc.; the mothers scrub, wash, and clean. Saloons flourish on every hand; stores and business places are open seven days each week, and many forms of evil are ram- pant. Children are sent to work when so young that their labor exhausts body, mind, and nerve. Girls in stores or manufactories drift toward the theatre, dance hall, saloon parlor, and similar public resorts.’’ Maintains study room for school children; classes in sewing, cooking, dressmaking, millinery, embroidery, basketry, etc.; clubs with athletic, musical and social aims for children and young people; also girls’ prayer meetings and King’s Daughters’ Circles; relief and medical social service. Summer Work.—The clubs are maintained during the summer months. The sewing classes meet at the homes of teachers, on lawns, and at parks. Picnics, boat and trolley rides, etc. Some of the members have worked in the country at farm houses or camps, and gained thereby health and strength. Former Locations. 136 Clinton St., Feb., 1904; Westerlo St. and Trinity Place, Sept., 1904-Mar., 1905. Residents. Women 1. Volunteers. Women 30, men 2. Head Resident. (Mrs.) Elizabeth H. Slocum, 1904-. BUFFALO GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY Annual Reports of the Charity Organization Society. Hale, Edward: The Buffalo Plan and the Social Settlements. Independent, 1896. Note on above in City and State (Philadelphia), Aug. 20, 1896. Annual Reports of the Charity Organization Society. 1897-1899, p. 23. Bissell, Mrs. L. C.: Co-operation in Settlement Work in Buffalo, N. Y. St. Vin- cent de Paul Quar., Nov., 1902. Holmes, Emily J.: Social Centers of Buffalo. Commons, June, 1902, pp. 3-6. Buffalo Settlement Federation “A ‘Federation of Settlements' was organized December 16, 1899, ‘for conference and joint action on matters of common interest.’ The venture lapsed after a short time. In May, 1907, the present federation was formed. In addition to listening to addresses and discussions, the committee on public morality has made a study of the literature on social and moral prophylaxis with recommendations for use in settlement groups. An investigation into the standard of living in Buffalo was made in the summer of 1907. This was a valuable beginning to a more extended study made in the summer of 1908 under the direction of Mr. John R. Howard, Jr., for the Ninth New York State Con- ference of Charities and Correction. The federation mails letters and otherNEW YORK 171 literature when support is needed for national, state, or local legislation, or ex- ecutive action. This has proven a strong force in assisting certain reforms.” Officers. President: Emily S. Holmes, Westminster House. Vice-President: William E. McLennan, Welcome Hall. Secretary: Edna Stainton, Watson House. Treasurer: Edith W. Fosdick, Neighborhood House. The Colored Social Center 76 Pine Street Established November, 1910, “for the purpose of providing a comfortably appointed place, centrally located and easy of access, where colored men, women and young children might congregate for social and industrial improvement.” Governed by a Board of Control consisting of eleven members, seven white and four colored. Maintained by subscription, dues, and entertainments. Neighborhood. The center is accessible to, though not directly in, the most thickly settled colored district. It occupies a comfortable, two-story frame building. Maintains classes in cooking, sewing, embroidery, raffia, chair caning, crocheting; clubs for women, boys and girls; Boy Scouts; penny provident bank; entertainments and socials. Volunteers. Colored 6, white 3. For information address Miss Mabel Wilcox, 238 Elmwood Ave. Neighborhood House 79 Goodell Street (1902-) Established April, 1903, as the outgrowth of a social center started in November, 1894, by members of the Church of Our Father (Unitarian) “to im- prove the social conditions of the neighborhood.” Incorporated Oct. 18, 1902. Maintained by the Neighborhood House Association of the Unitarian Church. Neighborhood. “The neighborhood to which the settlement ministers lies east of Oak Street and is composed almost entirely of Germans, who represent nearly every type of industry and range from the very poor to those in moderate circumstances. Friendly relations have been established with the churches of the various denominations in the neighborhood and the settlement aims to co-operate with every other movement to improve local conditions/' (1905.) Maintains Creche (co-operation College Creche); medical inspection and care for children; resident nurse; gymnasium; boys' and men’s club; reading and game room; women's and girls’ clubs; sewing school; cooking; kitchen gardening; manual training; library; bank; entertainments. Summer Work.—Playground with director in the settle- ment yard (1906-), excursions and picnics. Former Locations. Hickory St., 1894-1895-6; 92 Locust St., 1895-6-1902. Residents. Women 5. Volunteers. Women 23, men 8. Head Residents. Mrs. Melvin P. Porter, Apr., 1903-Sept., 1908; Melvin P. Porter, Sept., 1908-Sept., 1909; Sarah L. Truscott, Fall, 1909-1910; Edith W. Fosdick, Apr., 1910-. Literature. I. Authorized Statements. Annual Report 1905-1907-1908- HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS 1909. II. Social Studies by Residents. Porter, M. P.: The Playground Movement. Report of New York State Conference of Charities, 1903, pp. 245-261 — Reports on Playgrounds in Buffalo. Buffalo Charity Organization Report, 1901-1904. Remington Gospel Settlement (Undenominational) 150 Erie Street. Summer House, Remington Lodge, Fort Erie, Canada Established October 1, 1898, by Mary E. Remington. “The aim was to clean up this old tenement house and give the people better accommodations. Then we formed cl asses for their education. When we took this building there were over one thousand people living here. The tenements rent for enough to carry on the house, so that we have plenty of room for the work, free of rent, and then a great deal of our help is volunteer, so that our expense is small, and is met by a few interested ones. At the present time I have paid $9,000 on the building and still owe $1,000 on that and $19,000 on the land. When this debt is paid the work will be self-supporting.” Neighborhood. The downtown market, waterfront, railroad and factory district, in the center of the city’s most corrupt section. The neighbors are Italians, Poles, etc. Much bad housing, and moral corruption. Maintains kindergarten; day nursery; penny savings; library; classes in dress- making, knitting, plain sewing, cooking, basket making, manual training, cobbling, gym- nastics; clubs for adults and children; Sunday Gospel service; Sabbath school; children’s meetings; frequent mid-week religious work. Summer Work.—"Last year we had 2400 people at the Lodge and 600 stayed for two weeks or longer. We take the father, mother, and children for two weeks. Where they are sickly or specially need it we keep them longer.” Residents. Women 7, men 3. Volunteers. Women 21, men 6. Head Resident. Mary E. Remington, 1898-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Circulars and annual reports, dated Sept. 1, 1899-May, 1901, and May, 1904. (Contains a history of the work.) See also: Rogers, Emma W.: The Remington Settlement, Buffalo: a Tenement Settlement. Ill. Rev. of Rev., xxv : 53-58. (Jan., 1902.) Watson House (Episcopal) (Formerly Trinity House) 280-282 Babcock Street Established January, 1902, as the outgrowth of the work of the Trinity Co-operative Relief Society. The society, organized in 1878 for the purpose “of lending a helping hand to all worthy people of whatever creed, not giving alms but rendering such assistance as might enable those families committed to its care by the Charity Organization Society to become self-supporting,” in 1896 added to its relief work a free kindergarten and other branches of social work. In January, 1902, two resident workers were engaged, and the educa- tional and social work was much enlarged. In the fall of 1902 the work in the old location was abandoned “because we felt that a church should be at liberty to combine the teaching of religion with the practice of it ... a privilegeNEW YORK 173 which did not possess an actuality in our old district because of neighborhood prejudice/’ and a new start made in the present neighborhood “which offers greater opportunities for educational work, a greater responsiveness to efforts along this line, no professional pauperism, the possibility of closer and more effective co-operation with our own church, and a fair chance of having some day a chapel-settlement, which seems to realize most exactly the modern ideal for such work when it is carried on by a church.’’ Report, 1903. Name changed in 1903 from Trinity Church Co-operative Relief Society to Trinity Church Settlement Society. Work supported by subscriptions and appropriations from the vestry of the church. Neighborhood. The neighborhood is markedly industrial, and the housing is largely of the cottage style. The neighbors are American, Irish, German, and English, and are about equally divided between the Roman Catholic and Protestant denominations. The particular problem of the locality is very largely a social one. Maintains. The civic interest is stimulated in social clubs for men. The head workers have given much time to effecting an increase in the number of public play- grounds in the city. Kindergarten; savings bank; employment bureau; public baths; public laundry; library; classes in basketry, embroidery, raffia, brass, sewing, cooking, rug weaving, manual training; clubs for women and children, young men and boys; gymnasium with meets and dancing for boys and girls; evening mixed dancing clubs. Four societies connected with St. Matthew’s Church meet in the house. Former Locations. Initial, 258 Elk St., 1896. Flats at 140 Orlando St., July, 1902; 1167 Seneca St., Sept., 1902. Residents. Women 6. Volunteers. Women 25, men 21. Head Residents. Alice Olivia Moore, Jan., 1902-Win ter, 1906; Rev. Joseph A. Maughan, Feb., 1907- May, 1907; Roy Smith Wallace, Aug., 1908-May, 1909; Charles A. Roty, Sept., 1909 -July, 1910; Edna Stainton, Sept., 1910-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Trinity Church Year Books, 1901, 1903, 1904, 1907. See also: Trinity House, Buffalo. Charities, ix : 411 (Nov. 1, 1902) — Trin- ity House, Buffalo’s New Settlement. Commons, Mar., 1902. Welcome Hall (Presbyterian) 404 Seneca Street (1898-) Established November, 1894, by the First Presbyterian Church as a result of some relief work carried on by the church in the winter of 1893-4. The com- mittee felt “that though money and effort had been expended freely, there was no spot in the city better for the outlay.’’ In May, 1894, it was decided to con- centrate effort on a humble section of the city. A number of the Altruistic Review, which contained an account of Welcome Hall in New Haven, brought about an invitation to Miss Remington to organize and superintend such a work in Buffalo. After consultation with the Charity Organization Society, a district immediately west of the present was chosen. Work begun in the present neighborhood in 1897. Aims “to do religious, charitable, social and educational work in a neglected neighborhood.’’ Maintained by private subscription from the members of the First Presbyterian Church.174 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Neighborhood. A downtown industrial district. The people are American, Irish, Italian, German, Syrian, and Jewish. Activities. Work for better housing and sanitary conditions. Residents were among the first volunteer juvenile court officers, and the house stood with the dock laborers in their strike in 1899. Maintains kindergarten; resident nursing service; modified milk station with instruction in cooking for invalids; diet kitchen; public baths; reading room. The work for adults includes gymnastics, dramatics, dancing, classes in English, cooking, sewing, millinery, and sociables. Boys’ work in manual training, shoemaking, drawing, clay modeling, gymnastics, reading and game rooms, social, civic, and dramatic clubs, and spe- cial entertainments. Girls’ work in sewing, cooking, housekeeping, drawing, gymnastic work, clubs for literary, dramatic and social purposes, lectures and entertainments. Club Council made up of representatives from the adults’ club. Summer Work.—Vacations in the summer cottage at Angola, New York; playground with supervised play (directed by the city); excursions. Former Location. 307 Seneca St., Nov., 1894-Spring, 1897. Head Residents. Mary E. Remington, 1894-1897; Mary F. Campbell, 1897- 1900; Louise Montgomery, 1900-1905; Roy Smith Wallace, Sept., 1905-Nov., 1905; John R. Howard, Jr., Jan., 1906-Oct., 1909; William E. McLennan, Oct., 1909-. Literature. I. Authorized Statements. Annual Reports. See also: Social Set- tlements. Bureau of Labor Statistics State of New York. Eighteenth Annual Report, 1900. Part ii, pp. 418-424 — The Commons, Aug., 1899. II. Social Studies by Resi- dents. The Buffalo Newsboy and the Street Trades Bill (Pamphlet). Prepared for the Charity Organization Society of Buffalo in March, 1903. By Myron E. Adams of Wel- come Hall, Buffalo, and H. Brewster Adams, of the University Settlement, N. Y. City — Howard, John R.: Standards of Living in Buffalo. Paper presented to Ninth New York State Conference of Charities, 1908 — Hoag, Lillian M.: The Greeks and Syrians of Buffalo. Paper prepared for Social Workers’ Club of Buffalo, 1910. Westminster House 424 Adams Street (1895-) and 421 Monroe Street (1894-). Westminster Camp, Fort Erie, Ontario, Canada Established October, 1895, as the outgrowth of a neighborhood center founded September 17, 1894, by Rev. Samuel Van Vranken Holmes, pastor of Westminster Church (Presbyterian) “for neighborhood improvement, using settlement methods.” “The purpose of Westminster House is to improve the moral, social, and economic conditions in that section of the city in which it is located. It aims to provide the means of social intercourse, mutual helpfulness, mental and moral improvement, and rational and helpful recreation for all the people whose lives it touches.” (1909.) Sustained by the Men’s Club of the church, assisted by the Women’s Parish Society and the Junior Parish Society. Neighborhood. A stable, tenement neighborhood of cottage homes. The people are German. Activities. Secured (in 1900) the use of a public school yard which it fitted up as the first public playground in the city.NEW YORK 175 Maintains kindergarten; relief department; employment bureau; bank; branch of the public library; diet kitchen; kindergarten and club; kitchen garden; classes in housekeeping, cooking, dressmaking, English, literature, dancing, millinery; athletic events and contests; manual training; chair caning; freehand drawing; clubs for all ages and sexes; choral society, lectures, and entertainments; pool room and bowling alleys. Summer Work.—Summer camp, playground, excursions, roof garden, etc. Former Locations. Two cottages in the rear of 421 Monroe St., Spring, 1895--; 428 Adams St., Sept., 1898-. Men’s Club House, 413 Monroe St., Sept., 1900-. Cottages removed on Monroe St. and new building erected, 1909-1910. Residents. Women 8, men 1. Volunteers. Women 88, men 12. Head Resident. Emily S. Holmes, Sept., 1894-. Literature. I. Authorized Statements. Annual reports 1895-1910. See also: Westminster House. Outlook, lvi : 420 (Nov. 16, 1895) — Westminster House. Commons, June, 1896 — Brush, Ed. Hale: Buffalo Plan and Social Settlements. Independent, xlviii : 1001 (July 23, 1896) — Westminster House. Ram's Horn, Aug. 8, 1896 — West- minster House. College Settlement News, Dec., 1896 — Westminster House. Outlook, lvi : 420 (June 12, 1897). II. Studies by Residents. Tchorigian, Mr.: Study of Saloons and Social Clubs for the Committee of Fifty. (1899-1900) — Westminster House. Bureau of Labor Statistics State of New York. Eighteenth Annual Report, 1900. Partii, p. 412- 418 — Holmes, Emily S.: The Social Centers of Buffalo. Commons, vii, No. 71 (June, 1902) — Westminster House, Buffalo. Commons, ix : 378 (Aug., 1904). Zion House (Jewish Center) 456 Jefferson Street (1896-) Founded 1893, by the Sisterhood of Zion for “social and religious work.” Aims “ to furnish a place where the young can meet in proper surroundings for physical and social development, and where the elements of good citizenship can be inculcated and fostered.” Maintained by the Federated Jewish Charities since 1903. Neighborhood. The people are Russian Jews and Germans. Activities. Maintained a kindergarten at its own expense until it was taken over by the school department. Maintains kindergarten; library (co-operation Public Library); baths; penny savings fund; classes in sewing; English for foreigners; story hour for children; dancing; gymnastics; kitchen garden; Sunday school; social clubs and classes; entertainments. Summer Work.—Summer outings of two weeks’ duration for boys and girls at the Jewish Fresh Air camp. Former Location. 456 Jefferson St. (old building used, 1893-1896; present building erected, 1896). Paid Workers, 8. Volunteers, 40. Head Worker. Cecile B. Weiner, 1908-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Handbooks of the Jewish Federated Charities, 1904-.176 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS LACKAWANNA, ERIE COUNTY The Lackawanna Settlement 412 Holland Avenue Established October, 1910, by Emma Kaan, who gave her services in order to make a beginning in bettering conditions. Miss Kaan aims to live among the people, to learn to know them, their needs and the needs of the community. It is not planned to found an institutional center, but to provide a headquarters which shall promote the establishment of needed institutions by interesting the authorities and educating the people to themselves take measures to better physical and moral conditions. Maintained by Miss Kaan and interested individuals, among whom are officers of the Steel Company. Neighborhood. An industrial town sprung up around the Lackawanna Steel Works, where at times as many as 6000 men are employed. The physical and social condi- tions of the town are almost intolerable; contemplated improvements not being carried out because of industrial depression. The Buffalo Charity Organization Society has been forced to send experts to relieve acute distress. The Steel Company had an expert survey made, but the expense proposed in the report was so great that the necessary money was not appropriated. Activities. Besides Miss Kaan there are two assistants in residence. The effort has resulted in securing a trained visitor from the Buffalo Charity Organization Society; a study of the situation by the Young Men’s Christian Association with the prospect of an adequate branch; a visiting nurse from the Buffalo District Nursing Association; and the beginnings of a public playground. It is hoped to promote the establishment of public baths; suitable lodging houses; a second hand store; a decent hall for parties, dancing, lectures, etc.; kinder- gartens; vocation bureau; adequate care of the poor and sick. Head Resident. Emma Kaan, Oct., 1910-. ELMIRA The Woman's Federation Corner State and East Church Streets. Neighborhood House, 666 Dickinson Street. Italian Kindergarten, 720 Hatch Street Established October, 1908, in continuation of the work done by the In- dustrial School since it was opened thirty-two years ago. The Woman’s Federa- tion was organized in 1905. Neighborhood. Elmira is a city of 37,197 inhabitants. Its population is made up of Americans, Germans, Hebrews, Italians, Irish, Negroes, Poles, etc. Maintains. The Federation Building, located in the center of the town, contains the sewing and cooking class rooms of the Industrial School together with a free kinder- garten, day nursery, and club rooms for girls,—all under the direct management of the Industrial School. In addition it has charge of a free kindergarten in the Italian district and welfare work in one of the factories. There are also in the Federation Building workNEW YORK 177 and club rooms for the Omega Club, composed of young boys; the gymnasium and rooms of the Alpha Club for business and working women; the rooms of the Visiting Nurses Asso- ciation; bedrooms for the workers and for any woman who needs temporary shelter; the offices of the Social Service League which does the charitable work of the city and also con- ducts a small settlement in the Negro quarter of Elmira. A visiting housekeeper or neigh- borhood teacher, as she is called by the children, is employed by the league to help the women in their homes in any part of the city, and to manage the work at the neighborhood house. She lives in the Federation Building. Residents. Women 4. Volunteers. Men, about 60, women, about 150. Head Worker. (Mrs.) Gertrude Decker. Literature. Reports of Social Service League, 1909-10. HOOSICK FALLS Neighborhood House Established April, 1908, by the Hoosick Falls Association for Social Work. Aims “to bring about the social and moral betterment of the neighborhood.” “We hope to make the house a center where all the people of the town will find a meeting place and become neighbors.” Neighborhood. Hoosick Falls is a manufacturing town, the machine shops and knitting mills giving the predominant industrial tone. Though the town is small it has to meet many of the problems of a large city. Limitations of population and area complicate some parts of the work quite as much as they simplify others. The people are mostly Irish-American, although there are many Poles and Italians. Activities. Some improvement in sanitary conditions of tenements, drainage, etc. A village improvement society has been formed and we hope to accomplish much through that organization. Maintains day nursery; kindergarten; classes in sewing, shirtwaist making, cooking; clubs for women, young people and children. Residents. Women 2. Volunteers. Women 20. Head Residents. Mary Hulbert, 1908-1909; (Mrs.) Clara E. Hill, Nov. 20, 1909-. NEW YORK CITY BROOKLYN The Brooklyn Neighborhoods Association Organized November 7, 1907, at Maxwell House “to gain co-operation; and to stimulate the interest of Brooklyn people in social work.” Activities. The association has listened to addresses on various phases of social work, conferred with the heads of city departments, organized conferences, secured lecture courses on economic and social work and organized several public exhibits; carried on investigations (in co-operation with the various neighbor- hood houses) into truancy, child labor, etc.;. and through its committees on parks and playgrounds, housing, health, education and civics secured additional play spaces, baths, educational and cultural opportunities. The association has also arranged annual spring festivals in the public parks. Has made a beginning X3178 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS of extending social facilities into neglected neighborhoods and in enlarging and extending social activities in the public schools. Officers. President: Louis H. Pink, 176 Nassau Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. Secre- tary: Maud Dobie, 148 Jackson Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. Friendly House Association 47 (1907) and 49 (1904) Warren Street; 73-77 Columbia Street (1909). Camp, Altamont, New York Established in the fall of 1902, as an outgrowth of summer playground work of the Brooklyn Playground Association. Aims “to supplement in the broadest possible way defective home conditions in the neighborhood by provid- ing a sort of secondary home where the members may find healthful social recrea- tion combined with a certain amount of educational facilities. In short, we aim towards the upbuilding of character and the improvement of home life.’* Neighborhood. The population is Irish and Italian. Maintains resident district nurse; milk depot; dental clinic; night school; classes in civics for boys and girls, cooking, sewing machine work, embroidery, art work, gymnastic work, military drill, basket ball, manual training; an adults’ and children’s chorus; mandolin club; band; mothers’club; general social meetings and entertainments. Summer Work.—The largest playground in the city, and a summer camp near Albany. Former Location. 226 De Graw St., 1902-1904. Resident. Women 1. Head Resident. Emma L. Deeson, 1902-. Literature. Authorized Statement. Reports and Pamphlets (to be obtained at the house). Lincoln Settlement 105 Fleet Place Established May, 1908, as the result of a suggestion of Dr. Vernia Morton Jones to consolidate into one organization the Lincoln Kindergarten (Brooklyn Free Kindergarten Association, 1896), the Colored Day Nursery (Mothers’ Day Nursery Association) and the Visiting Nurses Service (Brooklyn Bureau of Charities). Aims “to aid its neighbors physically, morally, and intellectually. It does not hope to solve the race problem, but it trusts that the united efforts of white and colored to alleviate conditions in the eleventh ward may make that spot a better place in which to live, and that this effort shall bring such a deepen- ing respect between the races as comes to those who work together for the com- mon good.” Neighborhood. ’‘The eleventh ward of Brooklyn for nearly a century has been the home of colored people. . . . Poverty dwarfs its life, and vice and crime thrive on some of its streets. Disease breeds in the rear tenements and in the frame houses too dilapidated to be worth repairing. Sometimes the nights are noisy with carousing, and the worthy families, whom necessity forces to live with the bad, see their children in con- tact with much that they cannot remedy.’’ Maintains kindergarten; day nursery; resident visiting nurse; classes in sewing,NEW YORK 179 dressmaking, housework, carpentry, gymnastics, singing; clubs for boys and girls; woman’s neighborhood club; entertainments of various kinds. Summer Work.—The house maintains a modified milk station and clinic; excursions and country week, in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies. Residents. Women 2. Head Residents. (Mrs.) Georgia De Baptiste Faulkner, 1908-1910; Elizabeth Jones Petty, Jan., 1910-May 1, 1910; Grace M. Haley, 1910-. Little Italy Neighborhood House 146 Union Street (1906-) Established October, 1904, by the Little Italy Neighborhood Association. “Our central idea has been ... an American home, simple, practical and inviting, where friendly and educated people who like Italians and speak their language, may live and work. Incorporated November, 1906. Neighborhood. South Brooklyn, in the midst of a colony of some 60,000 Italians. Activities. Secured free lectures in Italian in the nearby public library; and is interested in securing a much needed playground. Keeps in touch with the public schools and started a penny saving service in one of them. Began, in co-operation with the Long Island College Hospital, a department of medical social service; and has endeavored to secure a more considerate treatment of patients at public dispensaries. The kindergarten maintained by the house has been transferred to the public school. Maintains district nurse; an embroidery industry employing 18 persons; civic work among men; classes in English, basketry, metal work, carpentry, athletics, em- broidery and sewing, millinery; social clubs for all ages. Summer Work.—Backyard playground; excursions and vacations in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies; milk station and baby clinic. . Former Location. 98 Sackett St., Oct., 1904-Sept., 1906. Residents. Women 3. Volunteers. Women 26, men 4. Head Residents. Louise C. Bartholow, Oct., 1904-Oct., 1905; Florence L. Cross, Apr., 1905-Apr., 1906; Henrietta L. Metcalf, Summer, 1906; Frances P. Booth, Sept., 1906-Sept., 1907; Cath- erine MacKenzie, Sept., 1907-Spring, 1910; Pearl Goodman, Fall, 1910-. Literature. Little Italy Neighborhood House. Commons, Jan., 1905, pp. 56-57 — Little Italy Neighborhood House. Charities, xiii : 283-284 (Dec. 17, 1904) — The “Little Italy Neighborhood House/* Charities, xii 1739 (July 16, 1904). Music School Settlement 176 Nassau Street; 175 High Street Established October, 1910, by a group of people interested in musical instruction. Affiliated with the Music School Settlement of New York. The United Neighborhoods Guild furnishes some rooms. Supported by fees and subscriptions. Neighborhood. Quarter about the United Neighborhoods Guild (see p. 181), but takes pupils from all parts of Brooklyn. Maintains instruction in piano, violin, vocal lessons, and ear training. Directress; Helen Van Ingen.i8o HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Literature. Brooklyn Children Becoming Musicians. Daily Eagle, Dec. 19, 1910 — Music School Settlement. Life, Jan. 14, 1911. Greenpoint Settlement “The Astral,” 85 Java Street. Summer House, Chappaqua, N. Y. Established October, 1895, as an outgrowth of the extension work of the Pratt Institute Neighborhood Association, founded in 1894, make this northern ward of Brooklyn a better place.” Aims “to promote friendly rela- tions among the students of the institution and to unite them in some kind of altruistic work that shall give each one the opportunity of making real the founder's motto,—'Help the other fellow/” A chapter of the association is organized in the several departments of the institute to carry on a corresponding kind of work in the settlement. The rent, heat, light and the salary of workers is contributed by the Pratt Estate. The association raises the further funds needed. Neighborhood. Located in a large block of tenements. The people are largely of American, German, and Irish descent. Maintains kindergarten; resident nursing service; penny provident; gymnasium; thirty-three classes conducted by normal students in dressmaking, millinery, embroidery, sewing, cooking, and music school. Residents. Women 7. Volunteers. Women 34, men 3. Head Residents. Mary White Ovington, Oct., 1895-1904; Laura A. Steel, Sept., 1904-. Literature. I. Authorized Statements. The Pratt Institute Monthly, Brooklyn, N. Y., formerly reported the work from month to month with an annual report in November issue. Present reports are made only to the Board. First and second reports of Pratt Institute Neighborhood Assoc., pamphlets, obtainable through the settlement. See also: Kingsbury, Mary A.: Women in New York Settlements. Munic. Affairs, ii : 458- 462 (Sept., 1898) — Improving Conditions in Old Greenpoint, Brooklyn. Condensed for Pub. Opin., xxvi : 142 (Feb. 2, 1899), from New York Evening Post — Bureau of Labor Statistics State of New York. Eighteenth Annual Report, 1900. Part II, pp. 359-364 — Weeks, Caroline B.: The Social Aspects of Pratt Institute. Commons, Aug., 1903, p. 4. II. Social Studies by Residents. Ovington, Mary White: Penny Paper. Outlook, Jan. 30, 1904 — Steel, Laura A.: Brooklyn Playgrounds. Womans Municipal League Bull., iii : 2 (Sept., 1904). The School Settlement (Formerly The Ridgewood Household Club, 1901-1906) 148 Jackson Street (1906-) Established Fall of 1906 by the Ridgewood Household Club (see p. 181). Neighborhood. The Italian quarter of the Williamsburg district. The neighbors are “sixty per cent Italians and forty per cent Irish, Jews, and Germans.” (Report, 1907.) Activities. A sociological study of the district and various endeavors to remedy the physical defects of the quarter. Maintains a nursing service; penny provident bank in two schools; game room for boys and girls; classes in sewing, dressmaking, cooking, aesthetic dancing, jig-saw work, brass work, dancing, story telling. Summer Work.—A backyard playground; a milk station; vacations in co-operation with various Fresh Air agencies and baseball clubs.NEW YORK 181 The Ridgewood Household Club Established in the Spring of 1901, as the outgrowth of a neighborhood work initiated in the Ridgewood district by Miss A. E. De Monde in February, 1900, and carried on by the Alumnae of the Packer Institute. The Household Club, organized April 17, 1901, was made up of chapters from various Brooklyn educational institutions. (Adelphi Institute, Berkeley Institute, Girls’ High School, Packer Institute, Public School No. 116 Training School for Teachers.) Neighborhood. A new but growing neighborhood. "There is a small colony of Italians a few blocks away, but aside from a sprinkling of Irish, Jews, and Italians, the population immediately about the house is German. It is thrifty, industrious, practical, musical, and sociable. It is perhaps not richer than other settlement neighborhoods, but rents are low, the standard of comfort is high, and the habit of saving almost universal/* (Report, 1901-2.) Maintained kindergarten, library, and penny provident bank. For the first two years the work was mainly industrial, including classes in sewing, mending, cooking, Venetian lace work, basketry, chair caning, drawing, piano; girls’ and mothers’ kinder- garten club; play hour. In April, 1904, the work was made more broadly social. Gym- nastic work was organized; choral work, dancing classes, clubs, and social events increased. Discontinued in the summer of 1906 in order to take up work in a more needy neighborhood. The house had secured for its district a branch of the public library, and several of its clubs continued an independent existence. Location. 333 Bleecker Street, April, 1901-April, 1906. Residents. Women 4. Volunteers. Women 20, men 2. Head Residents. Ethel R. Evans, 1902-3; S. Elvira Hodges, Fall 1903-1907; Sarah F. Stebbins, 1907- 1909; Maud Taylor Dobie, 1909-. Literature. Annual Reports, 1901-2 to 1905-6, 1907, 1908. United Neighborhoods Guild 176 Nassau Street (1910). Centers of Italian Work, 245 Concord Street, 29 Front Street. Summer Camps, West Hills, Long Island; Fort Montgomery, New York. Organized February, 1909, by the board of directors of the Asacog Neighborhood Association, the Maxwell House Association, and the Italian Settlement Association, to secure: “ 1. Better service to the community through the consolidation of separate interests. 2. The avoidance of duplication of work. 3. The proportional financial saving in relation to the work done. 4. The greater response which we believe would come from the people themselves if a building and work designed to meet their needs were maintained.” Neighborhood. “ Within late years the factories lining the river front have pushed back, crowding the residential section; the cutting through of the Flatbush Avenue Ex- tension has forced many families out of their homes and into the surrounding tenements, already too full; both changes tending to increase the problem of congestion with all its attending evils. The old residences of this section have either been made over into fur- nished room houses or into tenements, where the sanitary arrangements just meet the re- quirements of the law or openly violate it. The Irish and German families, which con-182 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS stitute the substantial population, are moving away to find better conditions of living, and their place is being taken by Italians, Lithuanians, Poles, a scattering of Negroes, Japanese, and other nationalities.” Activities. The guild is carrying on an aggressive campaign for better housing and more effective municipal service. The internal affairs of the guild building are controlled by a guild council which fixes and collects dues, assigns rooms, controls guild activities, and maintains order. It is the purpose of the guild to make the main building a “neighborhood town hall” which shall be a home for the civic organizations of the neighborhood. Maintains a neighborhood playground, a visitor for Poles and Lithuanians, dis- trict nursing service, an extended infant hygiene work, a monthly publication (Neighbor- hood News, Vol. I, No. i, December, 1909); home savings service and a dancing acad- emy. The work at the Italian Centers is largely personal and educational. Residents. Women 4, men 4. Volunteer. Women 60, men 18. Head Resident. Louis H. Pink, Summer, 1909-. Literature. I. Authorized Statements. Year Book 1909-10 (Contains history of guild, branches, and a study of the neighborhood). See also: Three Settlements Unite in Brooklyn. Survey, xxii : 266-267 (May 22, 1909). II. Articles or Studies by Resi- dents. Davenport, W. E.: Religious Essentials of Social Work. Pamphlet. 1911. Pink, Louis H.: The Magyar in New York. Char, and Commons, xiii : 262-263 (Dec. 3, 1904) — Old Tenements and the New Law. Pamphlet. Asacog House Founded June, 1896, as the outgrowth of an educational and social work started by a group of young women to “help all sorts and conditions of girls" and 1897 “t0 improve social conditions." The work broadened from a lunch club and kindergarten classes for neighborhood children to social work for factory girls and a full fledged neighborhood program. Formally reorganized (1905) as “a neighborhood center for social and civic work." Name changed (1906) from Asacog Club to the Asacog Neighborhood Association, and incorporated in 1908 “to provide a center for social, educational and civic improvement, laying special stress on the development of neighborhood activities by the people themselves, and the promotion of interest and information for the solution of social and in- dustrial problems in Brooklyn." Neighborhood. “The neighborhood, originally made up of Irish and Germans, is in a state of transition. Italians and Jews are rapidly moving in, and there is a scattering of Negroes, Japanese, and many other peoples. The old one-family wooden houses are changing into lodging houses, where whole families live in a room or single people dwell, often all too near those of questionable character; or are being changed into tenements that just meet the law. There are many large brick tenements in process of erection. Near at hand rise great factories.” Maintained kindergarten (in co-operation with the public school); a resident nurse (in co-operation with the Red Cross District Nursing Committee); milk station; penny provident bank; classes for girls in cooking, machine sewing, embroidery, dressmaking, millinery, music, chair caning and gymnastics; civic club for women; a social club for young girls. Separate boys’ club house with gymnastics and social work. SummerNEW YORK 183 Work.—Backyard playground; flower distribution; picnics and vacation work in co- operation with the Fresh Air societies. Locations. 8 Willow St., 1896-May, 1898; 55 Hicks St., May 1898-May, 1901. Asacog House, 52 Sands Street, May, 1901-1910. Asacog Boys* Club, 102 Pineapple Street, 1907-1910. Residents’ Apartment, 171 Pearl Street, 1907-1910. Residents. Women 9. Volunteers. Women 60, men 2 or 3. Head Resi- dents. Sara Marsh (Mrs. John Mustard), Summer, 1898; E. R. Van Buskirk, Fall, 1898 -Apr., 1899; Leanora O’Reilly, Apr., 1899-July, 1902; Carol S. Nye, 1902-June, 1903; Mrs. Fitzhugh Edwards (Mrs. Louis Oisler), 1903-1905; Helen MacHenry (Mrs. Albert de Roode), 1905-1906; Mabel F. Doyen (Mrs. Robert Stevenson), 1906-1909. Literature. Year Books of Asacog Club, 1896-97; 1903; 1906 ff. — Betts, Lillian W.: All Sorts and Conditions of Girls. Outlook, Mar. 31, 1900 — Asacog House. Bureau of Labor Statistics State of New York. Eighteenth Annual Report, 1900 — Asacog House Meeting. Cbar. and Commons, xv : 352 (Dec. 9, 1905) — The Boy Himself on the Boys’ Club. Cbar. and Commons, xix : 1076 (Nov. 16, 1907). Brooklyn Italian Settlement Established April, 1901, by W. E. Davenport and the Italian Settlement Society, as an outgrowth of Sunday school and mission work. Religious instruction was discontinued and the work maintained as an unsectarian social center. Residence taken up in May, 1903. Aims to work “for the moral and social advancement of the Italian residents.” Incorporated 1901. N eighborhood. The neighborhood has a large and increasing percentage of stable population with an ever increasing proportion of house owners. Their home lands are, in about equal proportions, the Neapolitan “Campagna,” Calabria, and Sicily. “One has but to live in our ’colony’ to recognize the singular and profound isolation of thousands of Italian families. We face and feel the dominance of distinctly foreign modes and manners and of undemocratic social and personal ideals. Indeed, the social lack of our Italians is pathetic, for while family affection is strong and true, the home life is often meagre and uninviting. The children as well as the older boys live largely in the streets. The mothers are commonly illiterate and early lose the power of influencing their growing sons. The girls according to hereditary custom must remain indoors after nightfall, and the young men in their clubs can have social intercourse only with women of other nationalities. The proportion of males to females in the second and fifth wards is three to two. Boys and girls almost uniformly become factory employes when fourteen years old and without more education than enables them to read fairly in the Third Reader. Many arriving here at this age quickly obtain employment and thereafter find no door of educational opportunity open to them. As their work is often in shops where only Italian is spoken, many go for years with little or no knowledge of our tongue. Illiteracy in all this section is common and increasing.” Activities. Special efforts for Italians, including co-operation with the Italian Consulate, the Society for the Protection of Italian Immigrants, the Child Labor Committee, city departments, courts, asylums, etc. Helped in securing the neighboring public bath. A resident crossed from New York to Naples to study steerage conditions for the Immigrant Commission (1909). The head resident spent some time in Messina after the earthquake that wrecked Reggio, and acted as a link between the families in this country and the sufferers.184 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Maintained baths; library; penny provident bank; evening school for the study of English and citizenship; preparation for naturalization; lessons in gymnastics, bas- ketry, lace making, flower study, art classes; piano lessons; drum and fife corps. The house was also used as a place for marriages, social functions, etc., for which the tene- ment has no provision. Summer Work.—Camp at New Canaan, Conn., in 1908 and 1909. Picnics and excursions. Camp at Roosevelt, L. I., 1909-. Location. 29 Front Street, 1901-1910. Residents. Men 5. Volunteers. Women 8, men 10. Head Resident. William E. Davenport, 1901-. Literature. Authorized Reports. Second Annual Report 1903 and yearly through eighth in 1908. Conclusions on the Settlement Camp, 1908. Davenport, W. E.: The Italian Immigrant in the United States. Outlook, Jan., 1903. The Exodus of a Latin People. Charities, xii : 463-467 (May 7, 1904). As special correspondent for New York Evening Post and Brooklyn Daily Eagle, 1904. Letters in latter paper in March and April, 1904; Feb. and March, 1909. Pamphlets (to be obtained from Mr. Davenport). The Beggar Man of Brooklyn Heights. More Outcries from Brooklyn Hollow. Christ the Social Worker. The Theory of Social Work. An Errand to Messina, Mar. 31, 1909. The Moral Effects of the Messina Earthquake (Part of Report for 1909). Maxwell House Established September, 1889, by the Brooklyn Guild Association, an outgrowth of social work organized by the Second Unitarian Church, April 13, 1889. Residence established 1896. Aims “to afford a common meeting ground on the basis of a common humanity and similar needs, and to furnish an oppor- tunity for the interchange of intellectual and moral service. Incorporated April 12, 1890, “to establish and conduct club houses which shall be common meeting places for all sorts and conditions of men, and in which the various classes of society may meet and engage together in social gatherings, concerts, clubs, lec- tures, classes, and the like; to establish and conduct free kindergartens; to give exhibitions of pictures, flowers and objects of art; to aid in enforcing the sanitary and building laws and ordinances of the state and city, and in all ways to develop and foster the bodily, mental, and moral life of the neighborhoods in which such club houses shall be established, and to do all such things as may assist in carry- ing out such objects/* Neighborhood. “Originally a tenement district for persons of Irish and German extraction. Within the past decade the living conditions have deteriorated; factories crept in, and the neighbors were crowded out by recently arriving Italians, Poles, and Lithuanians/' Activities. Studies of housing, sanitary and health conditions, and vari- ous efforts improved the living conditions of the neighborhood. Instrumental in securing public baths, a branch library, playgrounds, music in the small parks, and a more strict observance of sanitary laws and regulations. Its kindergarten was taken over by the public school system. Instrumental in establishing the Fifth Ward Improvement League and the Neighborhood Workers Associa- tion of Brooklyn. After 1890, the house affairs were democratically adminis- tered, first by a board of governors made up of the president of the association, the treasurer of the house, one other person from the board of trustees, the headNEW YORK 185 worker, and three representatives elected from the adult club of the general house membership; later by a house council made up of the head worker and five adult house members. Summer Work.—Camp Maxwell at Fort Montgomery near West Point, excursions in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies. Location. 245 Concord Street. Head Resident. Raymond V. Ingersoll; John Hildreth Chase, 1902-1906; A. W. Dennen, 1906-1909. Volunteers. Women 30, men 2. Literature. Annual Report, 1889 to 1907-8 — Report (1903-4) contains a history of the settlement since its foundation — Maxwell House, Brooklyn. Charities, xiv : 746 (May 13, 1905). BROOKLYN NEIGHBORHOOD HOUSES MAINTAINING RELIGIOUS INSTRUCTION Catholic Settlement Association Organized March, 1909, by Very Rev. Monsignore White, D.D., "to bring together in a spirit of kindliness, by means of classes and various kinds of social assemblage, those whose different environments have kept them heretofore too widely separated; to create an atmosphere of hope and friendly service, of restfulness, of harmony and happiness among sordid surroundings for overtired and under-nourished lives; to protect and guide youthful energies, to open the door of opportunity to those whom their Creator has given capacities for a fuller life, and to be an expression of the truth we believe but do not always practice; the truth that all men are brothers; all are one in Jesus Christ.” Literature. Yearbook of the Association. 1909-1910. The following centers are maintained by the Association: st. Helen’s settlement (Center) 137 Concord Street (1909-) Founded 1909, by the Very Rev. Monsignore White, D.D., "to provide religious instruction, to aid immigrants in adjusting themselves to new conditions, to interest Catholics of leisure in personal service, and, through co-operation with other Catholic and non-sectarian agencies, to work for social betterment.” Supported by memberships, voluntary contributions, and the proceeds of an annual entertainment. Neighborhood. The people are largely Italians. Maintains classes in Christian Doctrine, sewing, cooking, basketry, choral singing; library; metal work, mandolin, violin and guitar instruction. Boys* and young men’s social clubs; social meetings of young people and adults; talks; lectures; city excursions to museums and parks. Co-operates with the committee for the prevention of tuberculosis, the national child-labor committee, the children’s Christmas committee, the St. Vincent de Paul Society, the district nurses’ committee, and the Nursing Sisters of the Sick Poor. Former Location. 27 Duffield St., 1908-1909. Chairman. Grace O’Brien. Literature. O’Brien, Grace: Catholic Settlement Work in Brooklyn. Survey, xxiv : 203-204 (May 7, 1910).i86 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS ST. ANN’S Front and Gold Streets Established 1903. Maintains classes in Christian Doctrine, singing, sewing, and neighborhood visiting. VISITATION Parochial School, Tremont Street Established October, 1906. Maintains classes in Christian Doctrine, sewing, and singing; folk dancing; mothers’ meetings; neighborhood visiting. SPANISH SETTLEMENT Middagh Street near Henry Street Established March, 1909. Maintains classes in Christian Doctrine, sewing, singing, and dancing. English taught to Spanish adults; neighborhood visiting. women’s AUXILIARY of queen’s COUNTY (Diocese of Brooklyn) Settlement Centers. I. Third Street and Jackson Avenue, Long Island City. Chairman. Mary Smith. II. Broadway and Court Street, Astoria. Chairman. Josephine Cox. Church of the Holy Trinity (Episcopal) 157 Montague Street “Our parish stands for a social Christianity, for the reconciliation of op- posing classes, for brotherliness, friendship, for the improvement of this life by means of the vision and strength of the heavenly city.” “Our Distinctive Note.—The organization of the parish is one expression of this social mission. We have come to be known in some quarters as a ‘Settle- ment Church.’ We are a parish which has taken the social settlement as an ally, has adopted its method in our own organization, and is very eager to co-operate with the settlements in their service to the community. In America the settle- ment grew up outside of the Church and in some quarters in the face of the oppo- sition of the Church. Our attempt has been to reconcile church and settlement, by showing the Church that the settlement is an expression of the social Gospel inasmuch as its end and aim is that of Christ, ‘to be among men as one that serveth,’ and by showing the settlement that the Church can be disinterestedly concerned about the community, and that all true service must include the ministry to religious needs.” (Year Book, 1909. J. Howard Melish.)NEW YORK 187 City Park Branch (Presbyterian) 209 Concord Street Founded 1893, by Gaylord S. White. Maintains church services; gymnasium; baths; pool room; bowling alleys; dis- pensary; kindergarten; penny provident bank; employment bureau; clothing bureau; sewing school; industrial classes; clubs for men, young women, girls, and boys. Hamilton Settlement (Congregational) 5 Manhasset Place Founded in the Fall of 1909, by the Woman’s Branch of City Missions for “un- denominational, religious, social and industrial work.” Sunday school; classes in kitchen garden, basketry, bookkeeping, dressmaking, sewing, drawing; clubs for women and children. Head Worker. Anna M. Latschar. Willoughby House Settlement (Undenominational) (Formerly Young Women’s Settlement) 97 Lawrence Street (1906-) Established February, 1901, by a board of twenty-four young women of Brooklyn, “to promote the intellectual, social, and spiritual welfare of young women.” “Willoughby House is now a recognized center in its neighborhood. It aims to win girls and children coming to its clubs and classes to Christ.” (1903.) Opened to men and boys in 1905. Affiliated for a time with the Y. W. C. A. Incorporated February 21, 1905. Neighborhood. The border of the lodging house district, some of the prob- lems of which the house attempts to meet. The people are American, German, Irish, and Italian. Maintains Bible class; gospel meeting; rummage sale; neighborhood visiting; kindergarten; stamp saving; library; classes in gymnastics, housekeeping, millinery, sewing, embroidery, cooking, story hour; clubs for children, young people, and adults; penny provident bank; department of music. Former Locations. 359 Jay St., Feb., 1901-Sept., 1901; 118 Lawrence St., Sept., 1901-1902; no Lawrence St., Oct., 1902-Spring, 1903; 95 Lawrence St., Fall, 1903-May, 1906; 97 Lawrence St. (specially built), Fall, 1906-. Residents. Women 3. Head Residents. Lorraine Willets, Feb., 1901-1902; Anna Van Nort, 1902-. Willow Chapel (Unitarian) 25-27 Columbia Place “The Chapel House is a club house for the people. Its purpose is to fur- nish a place for wholesome amusement and helpful instruction. It is a place to meet friends and to make friends, to receive pleasure and to give pleasure. It is a place for rest, reading, games, and instruction for men, women, girls and boys.”i88 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS NEW YORK CITY MANHATTAN GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY List of New York Settlements in Char. Rev., vii : 698-700 (Oct., 1897). Betts, Lillian W.: College Social and University Settlements in New York. Outlook, li : 684 (1895). Taylor, Graham: New York’s Picket Line. Commons, ii, No. 5 (Sept., 1897). Brown, William Adams: Union of East Side Settlements (N. Y.). Independent, xlix : 1691 (Dec. 23, 1897). Kingsbury, M. M.: Women in Settlement Work in New York. Munic. Affairs, ii : 458 (Sept., 1898). Todd, C. B.: Settlements in New York City. Guntoris M., xix : 66 (Aug., 1900). Myers, Gustavus: New York’s Social Settlement. Pilgrim, iv : 14 (Jan., 1902). Paulding, J. K.: Older Boys in the Settlement. Ethical Rec., May, 1902. The Function of the Social Settlement. Synopsis of articles by M. K. Simkovitch, Homer Folks, E. J. Urwick, J. B. Reynolds. Charities, viii : 481-484 (May 31, 1902). Elliott,?John L.: Ethical Aspects of Neighborhood Work. Ethical Rec., May, 1902. Hunter, Robert: Social Settlements and Charity Organization. Jour. of Pol. Econ. xi : 75 (Dec., 1902). Also a pamphlet reprint. Betts, Lillian W.: Church Federation and the Settlements. Outlook, Jan., 1903. Inter-Settlement Track Athletic League. Charities, x : 273-274 (Mar. 21, 1903). Clark, William A.: Inter-Settlement Games and Debates. Commons, Mar., 1903. Doolittle, Marion B.: The Summer Outings of the New York Settlements. Com- mons, Oct., 1903. Settlement Workers and Their Work (Greenwich House, Alumnae Settlement, Nurses’ Settlement). Outlook, lxx : 5 (Oct. 1, 1904). Robbins, Dr. J. E.: The Bohemian Women in New York. Charities, xiii : 194 (Dec. 3, 1904). Atterbury, Grosvenor: The Phipps Model Tenement Houses. Char, and Commons, xvii : 49-65 (Oct. 6, 1906). The Negro in New York (Investigation by Miss Ovington). Charities, xii : 942-943 (Sept. 17, 1904). New Settlement in New York. Outlook, lvii : 732 (Nov. 20, 1897). Palmer, Lewis E.: New York’s Truancy Problem. Char, and Commons, xv : 557- 561 (Jan. 27, 1906). Handbook of the New York Child Welfare Exhibit. Jan.-Feb., 1911, pp. 51-55. Association of Neighborhood Workers An organization of settlement and social workers of New York City and vicinity Organized December 11, 1900, to “effect co-operation among those who are working for neighborhood and civic improvement, and to promote move- ments for social progress.” Activities. The association meets monthly at the various neighborhood houses for discussion and action. Much work is done through committees. (1) Housing.—Co-operation to protect the tenement house law; to provide a congestion exhibit (1908); to aid the tenants’ housing fight, etc. (2) Education.—NEW YORK 189 Work to save appropriations to school purposes; investigation concerning mal- nutrition of school children; reduction of hours for children in first year; to se- cure a correct school census; to decrease truancy; inquiry into co-operation of settlements and public schools. (3) Public Health.—Co-operation with C. O. S. by distributing leaflets, securing lecture audiences, and arranging exhibits; con- ducted investigation in midwifery (co-operation Union and Henry Street (Nurses) Settlements) and a bill remedying abuses secured; lectures on moral prophylaxis, etc. (4) Highways.—Efforts for adequate care of streets, and co- operation with Municipal Art Society in securing street signs. (5) Recreation.— Investigation of conditions; co-operation to secure the regulation of dance halls. (6) Labor.—Members of the association were instrumental in starting the Child Labor Committee, and the association has assisted in the enforcement of the law, lent aid to the Women’s Trade Union League, and co-operated with various organizations in securing legislation of benefit to labor. New York State Commission (1909) on Employers’ Liability and Unemployment. (7) Public Morality.—Investigated five-cent theatres, crap-shooting and street gambling; and supported various movements for the better control and extension of public pleasure, such as law regulating dancing academies. (8) Athletics.—An inter- settlement athletic association arranges competitions between houses and man- ages large public meets. (9) Relief.—Investigated and urged public wash houses; studied unemployment and urged a special commission on unemployment. (10) Arts and Crafts.—A committee studied the city opportunities of art educa- tion, published a pamphlet concerning such opportunities; arranged exhibits of industrial arts, etc. (11) Parks and Playgrounds.—Co-operated to save the small parks to their original use; urged the acquisition of small parks for various neighborhoods; made investigations concerning the use of playgrounds, number of children playing on the streets, etc. (12) Legislation.—Since 1904 the legis- lation committee has scrutinized and considered bills having to do with social legislation and has thrown the influence of the association in what seemed the better direction. It has also co-operated with other bodies interested in legisla- tion; and in several cases introduced measures growing out of its study and ex- perience. Officers. President: Gaylord S. White, Union Settlement. Secretary: Leila T. Newcomb, Hartley House. Executive Secretary: Alice E. Robbins, 1908-1909. Secretary of Committee on Legislation: Ellen S. Marvin. Literature. Authorized Statements. (Leaflets published by the Association.) — Publications by the Association (to be obtained from the secretary): Boarded Out Babies; Robbins, Jane E.: A Leaflet for Mothers; Report on Midwifery; and Art for the People. . See also: Simkhovitch, Mary K.: Enforcement of Child Labor Laws in New York. Commons, June, 1904 — Tenement Amendments Opposed in Tenement Neighborhoods. Charities, xii : 285 (Mar. 19, 1904) — White, Gaylord S.: Legislation Opposed by New York Social Workers. Commons, Apr., 1904, p. 144 — Prof. Conrad and the Neighbor- hood Workers. Charities, xiii : 52-53 (Oct. 8, 1904) — Lecture Course in Neighborhood Work. Charities, xiii: 374 (Jan., 1905) — Mr. Woods Champions the High Privates of Industry. Char, and Commons, xv : 535 (Jan. 20, 1906) — The New York Association of Neighborhood Workers. Char, and Commons, xvi : 608-609 (Sept. 22, 1906) — TheHANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS 190 Association of Neighborhood Workers. Cbar. and Commons, xix : 871-872 (Oct. 12, 1907) — The Bishop of London at the University Settlement. Char, and Commons, xix : 937- 938 (Oct. 26, 1907) — The New York Association of Neighborhood Workers. Char, and Commons, xx : 699-700 (Sept. 19, 1908) — Dancing Academies: Some Possibilities. Char, and Commons, xxi : 1018-1019 (Feb. 27, 1909) — Definitions of Economy. Survey, xxii : 160-161 (May 1, 1909) — To Regulate Dance Halls. Survey, xxii : 337 (June 5, 1909). Guild of Settlement Industries 4 West 28th Street Founded February, 1911, by the Arts and Festivals Committee of the Association of Neighborhood Workers, acting temporarily as an organization committee. Aims: “The tenements of New York City are full of women who have brought with them to this country both the skill and the habits of industry that produce those marvels of beautiful handiwork which delight us in the Old World. In their effort to adjust themselves to the bewildering new conditions here, most of these skilled workers are swept into the factories and sweatshops, or else they continue to work at their own handicrafts in their tenement homes, selling their products to exploiting purchasers for the merest pittance. It is natural that the settlements, located in the midst of foreign populations, should make some attempt to help these workers and give them a fairer chance. But all the settlements which have conducted small industries in the effort to con- serve and develop the skill of our foreign-born women have had to face a serious problem in marketing their products. . . . The Guild of Settlement Industries hopes later to be able to maintain workrooms in connection with the salesrooms, where skilled workers may be employed, and that, eventually, a well-equipped Craft School may be established, to be operated on the plan of the Co-operative Trade Schools.” The articles on sale include lace (filet and Irish crochet), pottery, desk sets, vases, lampbowls, French and Bohemian embroid- eries, table linen, lingerie, blouses, children’s dresses and peignoirs, handwoven rugs, portieres, table and cushion covers. The Guild guarantees that all articles offered for sale have been produced under proper sanitary conditions. Literature. Authorized leaflets of the Committee. See also: A New Venture. Life (Brooklyn), Feb. 4, 1911. The Junior League For the Promotion of Neighborhood Work (Formerly the Junior League for the Promotion of Settlement Movements, 1900-1907) Organized by the debutantes of the winter 1900-1901, “to unite for a definite purpose the debutantes of each season and to interest the young women of New York in the work of the settlement movement” (Report, 1902). “The Junior League was primarily started for the promotion of the settlement move- ment. Its chief activity was the annual entertainment arranged by its own members. The second year these active members became associate members, and as the membership of the league increased, the active members became aNEW YORK I9I small percentage of the whole society. All members did not care to devote themselves to the settlements, but were interested in other philanthropic activi- ties, and in the conditions and needs of the neighborhood in which they lived. The league has therefore become the Junior League for the Promotion of Neigh- borhood Work.” (1907.) Activities. For some years the league worked through committees, the members of which gave personal service at some of the neighborhood houses. In 1905-6 there were formed additional “neighborhood committees determined by the public school districts of the city.” Each member was urged “to study her own district that she might know about the public and private charities near her own home, and so find where her efforts are most needed.” Since 1906 the work of the league has been organized on a comprehensive district plan, though special causes are frequently espoused. Committees (1910) on school and home visitors; district nurses; neighborhood boards; flower com- mittee; music committee. The league raises money and makes appropriations to certain neighborhood houses and philanthropies. Officers. Secretary: Katharine W.Tweed,42 West 39th Street, New York City. Literature. Annual Reports. Seealso\ Henderson, Nathalie: The Junior League. Cbar. and Commons, xv : 891 (Mar. 17, 1906). Association of Practical Housekeeping Centers 226 Henry Street (Nov., 1901-); 162 Sullivan Street (Sept., 1905--); 543 West 49th Street (Mar., 1906-); 18 Jones Street (Oct., 1910-. Formerly at 230 West 63rd Street) Founded November, 1901, by Mabel Hyde Kittredge. “The particular object of this association is to instruct the people of the tenements by practice, illustration and daily lessons, in the art of healthy home-making. This instruc- tion is given in tenement flats, such flats as the people who take advantage of the instruction themselves live in. The furnishing of these centers is a lesson in economy, sanitation and simplicity. The instruction is in cleaning, hygiene and cooking; also talks and consultations on all subjects connected with the rearing of children, personal health and the most adequate division of a laborer’s income.” Incorporated November 3, 1906. Maintained by gifts and annual subscriptions. Neighborhood. The Henry Street flat is in a Russian Jewish neighborhood; Sullivan Street flat, Italian; West 49th Street flat, Irish and American; Jones Street flat includes Irish, Italian and French. Activities. The Association assists in carrying on school lunches in Public Schools 51,21, 107, and 33. It has also been instrumental in establishing other model flats in New York City which have not been dependent on this Association for their support. Maintains two classes every day at each center. The number of pupils in each class is not less than six and not more than eight. Some of these classes take up the regular housekeeping work, others are demonstration cooking classes for women; special talks192 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS to mothers; special dinner classes; boys’ improvement club; waitresses, sewing and home nursing classes. Superintendent. Mabel Hyde Kittredge, 60 Washington Square. Literature. Kittredge, Mabel H., Home-making in a Model Flat. Char, and Commons, xv : 176 (Nov. 4, 1905). Alfred Corning Clark Neighborhood House 283 Rivington Street Established January 9, 1899, by Mrs. Alfred Corning Clark as a memorial 0 to educate and train children of the neighborhood by kindergartens, clubs, etc.” Neighborhood. The lower East Side. The people are nearly all Hebrews, of Austrian, German, Hungarian, and Russian parentage. There are a few Germans and Irish and many Italians. Maintains milk depot; three kindergartens; penny provident bank; gymnasium; baths; classes and events; library; reading room; study room; game room; classes in cooking, housekeeping, sewing, basketry, clay, lace, singing, city history, dancing; board of education lectures; clubs for women, young people and children, including one for deaf mutes; dances, entertainments, etc. Summer Work.—Picnics; excursions; boys’ camp; flower distribution. The house closes in August. Residents. Women 9. Volunteers. Women 10, men 4. Head Resident. Mrs. S. D. Brewer, 1899-. Literature. Authorized Statements, Reports, July, 1900; June, 1903; Apr., 1907. See also: Neighborhood Settlement in Memory of A. C. Clark. Outlook, Ixi : 182 (Jan. 2, 1899) — Bureau of Labor Statistics State of New York. Eighteenth Annual Re- port, 1900. Part II, pp. 399-403. Edward Clark Club House 73 Cannon Street Established January, 1905, by Mrs. Henry Codman Potter (Mrs. Alfred Corning Clark) as a memorial to the late Edward Clark “as a wholesome center for the married men and fathers of the community.” Neighborhood. (See the Alfred Corning Clark House, above.) Maintains. Library; reading room; pool and billiard rooms; sitting rooms; writing rooms and supper room. Open to any man of good record over twenty-one years of age. The club is self-governing with officers elected from the membership. Head Residents. Herbert Snell, 1905-1907; Dickinson Holmes, 1907-1909; Charles H. Warner, 1909-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Report of Alfred Corning Clark House, Apr., 1907, p. 5 ff« Bloomingdale Guild 146 West 100th Street (1907-). Summer Home, Sea Cliff, Long Island, N. Y. Established April, 1905, by Mrs. Nettie Picard Schwerin, who later or- ganized the Bloomingdale Neighborhood Association, 0 to raise higher educationalNEW YORK ’93 and social ideals; to teach the principals of organization to the young people of our neighborhood, by means of self-governing clubs; to deepen democratic ideals by means of clubs, and through the association and co-operation of in- dividuals of different classes in society/’ Incorporated March, 1907. Neighborhood. The upper west side in the Bloomingdale region. The people are largely of Irish and German extraction, though there are some Jewish and Italian immi- grants. Activities. Instrumental in co-operation with other agencies, in securing a diet kitchen and a district nurse. Is working for a public playground and does the usual sanitary work for its neighborhood. Maintains kindergarten; library; play and game rooms; employment bureau; rummage sales; classes in English for adults, cooking, sewing, dancing, music, raffia, gymnasium, carpentry; clubs for women, boys and girls; entertainments. Summer Work.—Backyard playground; milk depot; window boxes; excursions and picnics; flower distribution; vacations at the country house and in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies. Former Location. 124 West 101st St., 1905-April, 1907. Residents. Women 2. Volunteers. Women 25, men 4. Head Resident. (Mrs.) Nettie P. Schwerin, 1905- Literature. Authorized Statements. Reports, 1905-6; 1906-7; 1907-8; 1908-9 — Bloomingdale Guild News, i, No. 1 (March, 1908). The College Settlement 95 Rivington Street (1889-); 188 Ludlow Street (1902-); 84-86 First Street (1907-). Summer Home, Mount Ivy, New York (1900-) Established September 1, 1889, by The College Settlements Association with Jean G. Fine (Mrs. Charles B. Spahr) as head worker, with the purpose of “establishing a home in a neighborhood of working people in which educated women might live, in order to furnish a common meeting ground for all classes for their mutual benefit and education.” College Settlements’ Association or- ganized to support this and other settlements. Incorporated 1894. Maintained by yearly donations from College Settlements’ Association and funds raised by local executive committee. Neighborhood. Lower East Side, New York City. People largely Jews. Activities. I. Investigations. The house has for many years carried on a series of sociological studies; largely into aspects of women’s and children’s life and labor, for detailed list of which see below. It has also carried on a number of special local studies; into unemployment, 1894; data for the Tene- ment House Committee, 1894-1900; for the Reinhard Committee in 1895; into conditions of working women; into evictions in 1897; the congestion exhibit and many others. II. Efforts for District Improvement, (i) Housing.—In 1894-5 and again in 1900 gave testimony before housing commissions. In 1899-1900 four residents lived for a year in a neighborhood tenement, and reported findings on the experience. Provided material for the Congestion Exhibit in 1908. In 14194 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS addition much educational work has been done in reporting sanitary delinquen- cies and stimulating tenants to their own responsibility. (2) Streets and Refuse.—Constant work for better sanitary conditions. In 1894-5 helped the commissioner of streets in a neighborhood publicity plan; in 1894 protested against the unjust treatment of push-cart peddlers. (3) Play Spaces.—Co-operation in the various movements for more parks and playgrounds. In 1897-8 became the headquarters of the East Side Recre- ation Society; stimulated the board of education to organize vacation school playgrounds; and took into residence one of the official school visitors. (4) Public Schools.—Close relations with the schools of the district. Since 1889 has endeavored to create public opinion in favor of adequate facilities for children of school age. Early placed small libraries in the schools; entered into hearty co-operation with the teachers in efforts for individual children; carried on informal school visiting; provided a night school after the public night school closed; kindergartens; a special day class for children unprovided for; special work with backward children; and for some years at different times has had a resident as school inspector for the ward. The head worker has been a member of the local school board for eight years. (5) Labor.—In 1894 it secured moral and financial support for the garment makers, and since that time has interested itself in such unions as it could reach. Has given testimony before all legislative committees and other organizations looking toward the betterment of the working conditions of women and children; and its various studies into the work of women and children have been potent in awakening public opinion. In connection with other agencies has made numerous efforts to secure the enforcement of labor laws in the stores and fac- tories of its quarter. (6) Economic.—Assisted the University Settlement in its co-operative experiment of 1893. Headquarters for relief work in the economic depression of 1893-4; and in the depression of 1900 and 1907-8 kept neighborhood needs before the public and rendered assistance to its own clientel. III. Local Institutional Improvement. Provided public baths for women; maintains a private playground in its yard; a library service, and for some years a visiting library service; started a music school which later developed into the Music School Settlement. IV. General Propaganda. A potent factor in keeping the needs of the district before the city; in educating the well-to-do to the human interest of the East Side; and in bringing the college women of the East to a knowledge of modern urban conditions. Maintains kindergarten (nursing service discontinued); school visiting; gymna- sium and boys’ dub house; athletic association; cooking school; gymnastic, singing and dancing class; clubs for married women, men, young people and children; entertainments, concerts, lectures, etc. Summer Work.—House open for dances and games; gymnasium organized as a playground; backyard playground; ice-water fountain; flowers; picnics and excursions; summer home at Mount Ivy, N. Y., perhaps the most consistent piece of settlement summer vacation work in the country.NEW YORK 195 Former Locations. 96 Rivington St., 1892-1900-1; Four residents in tenement, 1899-1900. Residents. Women 12, men 2. Head Residents. Jean Fine (Mrs. Charles B. Spahr), Oct., 1889-July, 1892; Fannie W. McLean, July, 1892-July, 1893; Dr. Jane E. Robbins, 1893-Jan. 1, 1898; Mary M. Kingsbury (Mrs. V. G. Simkhovitch), Jan., 1898-Nov., 1898; Elizabeth Sprague Williams, Nov. 1, 1898-. Literature. I. Authorized Articles. Annual reports — College Settlement News, Vol. I, No. 1 (Jan., 1911). See also: Scudder, Vida D.: A New Departure in Philan- thropy. Christian Union, May 10 and 17, 1888 — A Toynbee Hall Enterprise. Church- man, June 8, 1889 — Freeman, H. F.: University Settlement. Lend a Hand, v : 154 (March, 1890) — Dyer, F. J.: College Settlement. Harper’s Bag., May 31, 1899 — Rich- ardson, Hester D.: College Settlement. Lippincott’s, June, 1891 — Dyer, Frances J.: College Settlement in New York. Churchman, June 11, 1892 — Editorial. Nation, Feb. 9, 1893 — Summer Outings for City Neighbors. Churchman, Sept. 2, 1893 — Halsted, Carolyn: The New York College Settlement. Delineator, July, 1895 — School Play- grounds in New York. Outlook, Aug. 31, 1895 — The New York College Settlement. See official publication, Woman’s Work and Status in Leading Countries. Washington, D. C. — Betts, Lillian W.: New York’s Social Settlements (College Settlement). Outlook, li : 684 (Apr. 27, 1895) — Report for 1896. Ann. Amer. Acad, of Pol. and Soc. Sci., ix : 164-166 (Jan., 1897) — The New Social Science Put into Practice. Harper’s Bag., xxx : 1088 (Dec. 2$, 1897) — College Settlement Extension in New York. (Condensed from New York Evening Post.) Pub. Opin., xxvii : 587 (Nov. 9, 1899) — College Settle- ment Extension. Harper’s Bag., xxxiii : 642 (July 7, 1900) — Todd, Charles Burr: Social Settlements in New York City. Gunton’s, xix : 166-175 (Aug., 1900) — Notes on College Settlements (New York). Charities, vii : 565 (Dec. 21, 1901) — College Settle- ment. Bureau of Labor Statistics State of New York. Eighteenth Annual Report, 1900. Part II, pp. 290-300 — The College Settlement of New York. Outlook, Ixix : 348 (Oct. 2, 1902) — Betts, Lillian W.: Social Experiment. Outlook, lxxii : 641-648 (Nov. 15, 1902) — Doolittle, Marion B.: The Summer Outing of the New York Settlements. Commons, viii, No. 87 (Oct., 1903) — Liggett, L. M. A.: Ridge Farm, a Resort of the East Side. Commons, ix : 504-506 (Oct., 1904) — College Settlement, New York. Charities, xii : 197 (Feb. 20, 1904). II. Articles about the Settlement by Residents. Damon, Mary B., M.D.: Medical Women in Tenements. The Literature of Philanthropy. New York, Harper Brothers — Spahr, Mrs., and .McLean, Miss: Tenement Neighborhood Idea. Ibid. — Woolfolk, Ada S.: New York College Settlement. Wellesley M., Apr., 1894 — Kingsbury, Mary M.: Women in New York Settlements. Munic. Affairs, ii : 458-462 (Sept., 1898) — Williams, E. S.: New York College Settlement. Harper’s Bag., xxxiii : 152-155 (May 19, 1900) — Ambler, L. M.: Ridge Farm at Mount Ivy, New York. Com- mons, vi, No. 66 (Jan., 1902) — Williams, Elizabeth S.: The Summer at the New York Settlement. Commons, viii, No. 87 (Oct., 1903) — A New Departure for the College Settlement. Charities and Commons, xix : 926 (Oct. 19, 1907) — Williams, Elizabeth S.: Mount Ivy. Churchman, Sept. 1, 1906. III. Social Studies and Articles by Resi- dents. Eaton, Isabel: Receipts and Expenditures of Certain Wage Earners in the Gar- ment Trades. Pamphlet. 1895 — Kingsbury, Mary M.: Women in Settlement Work in New York. Munic. Affairs, ii : 458 — Jones, Myrta L.: The Evils of the Intelligence Office. Commons, May, 1904, pp. 190-193.196 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Doe Ye Nexte Thynge Society i 8 Leroy Street (1901-) Established 1904, as an outgrowth of the relief work of the society begun in 1886 at Bible House, and transferred in 1901 to 18 Leroy Street, where neigh- borhood features were developed. Incorporated 1895. Neighborhood. The lower West Side in Greenwich Village. The people are Irish, Italian, French, Jewish and colored. There is much bad housing. Maintains penny provident bank; relief work; rummage sales; coal club; sick benefit league; classes in millinery, sewing, cooking, play hour, basketry; social clubs for women, boys and girls. Summer Work.—Excursions and picnics; vacations in co-opera- tion with various Fresh Air societies. Residents. Women 2. Volunteers. Women 6, men 1. Head Residents. Mrs. M. Clothier, 1904-1905; (Mrs.) Margaret P. Evans, May, 1905-1907; Miss K. Westendorf, Mar., 1907-June, 1908; Miss M. R. Blair, Oct., 1908-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Reports, 1904-5; 1905-6; 1906-7; 1907-8. Down Town Ethical Society 216 Madison Street (1910-) Established December, 1898, by a group of twelve young men, one time members of the Nurses’ and the University settlements, with the moral and financial assistance of the Society for Ethical Culture. “Two primary purposes have actuated the society in its work. One is the thorough Americanization of the residents of the lower East Side, and especially of the younger generation. The other is the strengthening of the home ties between immigrant parents and American-bred children, and the ennobling of the family life by reconciling the differences due to change in social and economic environment. It (the society) stands for the supremacy of the moral life and tries to emphasize the moral aspects of the complex problems with which the East Side is grappling. In a quarter where the lack of necessary creature comforts is so tremendous, there is great danger of underestimating the importance of moral demands,” Neighborhood. The lower East Side. The people are Jews. Activities. Helped to arouse the public demand which secured Seward Park and other recreation centers; called attention to conditions which led to the organization of the Committee of Fifteen; helped create the Federation of Boys’ Clubs and the East Side Civic Club; initiated a successful movement to remove an unfit judge from the Bench; rendered effective service in several political campaigns for cleaner and better civic life; and co-operates with move- ments for the educational, social and economic betterment of its neighborhood. Maintains bank (conducted by club members); sewing school; many clubs for various purposes. There is much athletic work and sport. The clubs entertain their parents from time to time. Monthly talks for adults in Yiddish, and much instruction, formal and informal, on the moral problems of the home and neighborhood. Monthly dances; working woman’s forum, etc. Club representatives in co-operation with the leaders govern the house. The expenses of the social features are largely defrayed byNEW YORK 197 club members. Summer Work.—Children go to Felicia, the Fresh Air home of the Young Men’s Union of the Society for Ethical Culture; boys’ camp at Highland Falls, “Camp Astra” (self-supporting); girls’ camp, a unique ’‘Street Car Colony” composed of aban- doned street cars, called Camp Moodna (self-supporting). Former Locations. 232 Madison St., 1898-1900; 310 Madison St., 1900-1904; 300 Madison St., 1904-1910. Residents. Men 2. Volunteers. Women 11, men 11. Head Resident. Henry Moskowitz, 1898-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Statements 1904, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1908. See also: Files of 300 Madison, the “Newsletter of the Clubs and Classes.” Pub- lished by the Board of Delegates. Vol. 1, No. 1; Vol. II, No. 1; Vol. Ill, No. 1, Jan., 1907; Vol. IV, No. 1, Jan., 1909; Vol. V, No. 1, Nov., 1909. East Side House 540 East Seventy-sixth Street. Boys’ Camp, Delaware Water Gap Established June, 1891, by the Church Club (Episcopal) and incorporated June, 1891. The work at first was largely for men and boys, but was extended in 1896 to include girls and women. In 1907 many of the Alumni of the City College of New York undertook to be contributors to the house, with the idea of eventually taking over its support. Neighborhood. The upper East Side. The population, originally of Irish and German extraction, has become Slavic since 1901. Activities. In 1891 opened kindergarten; established a playground on the river bank, provided swings, a summer house, etc. Erected (1893) a special building to house a circulating library of five thousand volumes offered by the New York Free Circulating Library Association, and maintained this work with extraordinary efficiency and in the most social and co-operative spirit until the erection of a large branch library in 1903. In 1895 the playground was extended to the river and a tidal bathing basin provided. In 1896 the Winifred Wheeler Day Nursery and an interesting co-operative experiment known as the “Co- operative Householding Society,” the stock of which is in part held by members of the men’s club, was started. Their house on 77th Street has been well kept and the experiment made financially successful. Through the efforts of the settlement the John Jay Park and playground was located opposite, and in 1903 a public bath was placed next the playground. Long continued efforts to keep up the sanitary condition of the district, working largely through its men’s and civic clubs. Politically these organizations have stood for the better candidates, and the Fellow Citizenship Association in 1900-1 played a helpful part in securing a plurality in the city election for Mr. Low. Started as a men’s house, has always been specially noted for its large number of men’s organizations. Maintains day nursery; savings; kindergarten; music school; dramatic associa- tion; gymnasium and athletic association and clubs; debating societies; glee clubs; clubs for men, women, young people and children with various interests; classes in piano, violin, singing, and domestic sciences; public lectures (co-operation with city); concerts, dances, etc. Summer Work.—Day nursery; clubs; picnics; excursions and camp.198 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Residents. Women 3, men 8. Volunteers. Women 9, men 5. Head Resi- dents. Everett P. Wheeler, Summer, 1891; Franklin W. Brush, 1891-1892; Willis B. Holcombe, 1891-1894; Clarence Gordon, 1894-Jan., 1903; William T. Kelly, Feb., 1903- 1907; Miss M. De G. Trenholm, 1908-. Literature. I. Authorized Statements. Annual reports, issued January 1 — East Side Club reports, pamphlets and circulars, to be obtained at East Side House — East Side House Bulletin, a bi-weekly leaflet — Betts, Lillian W.: New York’s Social Settlements (East Side House). Outlook, li 1684 (Apr. 27, 1895) — “Neighborhood,” a monthly magazine: Vol. I, No. 1, Jan., 1908; Vol. II, No. 1, Oct., 1908; Vol. Ill, No. 1, May, 1909; Vol. IV, No. 1, Jan., 1910. See also: Social Settlements. Bureau of Labor Statistics State of New York. Eighteenth Annual Report, 1900. Part II, pp. 313-322 — The East Side House Settlement. Commons, Feb., 1897 — The East Side House Settle- ment. Commons, Oct. 31, 1899 — The East Side House Settlement. Commons, Dec., 1901 — The East Side House Settlement. Commons, vi, No. 68, March, 1902 — Open- ing of the New East Side House. Charities, x : 331-332 (Apr. 4, 1903) — East Side House. Charities, xii : 196-197 (Feb. 20, 1904) — East Side House. Commons, x : 122-123 (Feb., 1905). II. Articles by Residents or Directors. Gordon, Clarence: The Relation of the Church to the Settlement. Commons, Nov., 1897. The Meaning of a Settlement. Charities, ix : 543 (Dec. 6, 1902) — Wheeler, Everett P.: The Settlement in Its Relation to Organized Social Work, Churchman, Aug. 12, 1893; Outlook, Feb. 10, 1894. Greenwich House 26-30 Jones Street (1902-). Men’s Club, 20 Jones Street (1903) Established November, 1902, by Felix Adler, Eugene A. Philbin, Jacob A. Riis, A. Fulton Cutting, Henry C. Potter, Carl Schurz and Mary Kingsbury Simkhovitch, "for the establishment and maintenance of a social settlement or social settlements in the city of New York, as centers for social, educational, and civic improvements, to be carried on in conjunction and association with the people residing in the neighborhoods where such settlement or settlements may be situated."—Extract from Certificate of Incorporation. "Greenwich House attempts to meet the needs of the neighborhood by facing its different aspects and seeing in how far a private agency such as the settlement can be of immediate use, and in how far it must call in larger forces. ... A settlement aims to get things done for a given neighborhood. It proposes to be the guardian of that neighborhood’s interests, and through identification of the interests of the settle- ment group with local interests, it forms a steadying and permanent element in a community which is more or less wavering and influx. To work out the methods by which a neighborhood may become a consciously effective group is, I take it, the difficult task of the settlement everywhere. As a matter of fact, however, what settlements actually do seems often but remotely related to this task. In practice, every neighborhood house has to do a good many things which its advantageous position allows and almost compels it to effect. The relations of the settlement to charity and to education are to be noted as points in question."—1904. Neighborhood. "The district in which the house is situated is known as the old American quarter. Its outward signs are the small three-story house, the small shop, theNEW YORK 199 picturesque and winding streets; and, permeating ah, the note of torpor and decay. But this is a most superficial estimate. For crowding into the old district come great factories, with swarms of working people, and taking the place of the old private dwelling the new five-story tenement with stores on the ground floor, often as an improvement on the mouldy building it replaces, though frequently also introducing an overcrowding, hitherto foreign to this quarter. . . . The whole neighborhood is highly heterogeneous, both in population and in character of industry. The clothing, millinery, and laundry division easily lead in the local list of manufactures, but printing and paper goods; leather and rub- ber goods; metals, machines and conveyances; food, liquors, and tobacco are also con- spicuously represented. The population is American in the sense of being second and third generation Irish, with some Germans, a growing army of Italian incomers and a group of colored people.” Activities. I. Investigation. Through its committee on social inves- tigation the association has carried on a number of studies of local conditions, published and unpublished. Among these are two handbooks, one on housing (The Tenants’ Manual), and one on Public Art Education; also Wage Earners’ Budgets (published by Henry Holt); The Economic Status of the New York City Negro; studies in Home Manufacture, Local Schools, Description of Local Industry, Description of the Distribution of Population, Description of Local Housing, Local Sanitary Conditions, etc. II. Efforts for District Improvement, (i) Housing.—Besides a close and intensive housing study (A West Side Rookery), carries on a general campaign against violations of the tenement house law, and does much educa- tional work with householders. The Tenants’ Manual is a part of this work. (2) Streets and Refuse.—Secured the asphalting of Jones, Leroy, and Cor- nelia Streets, and has been constant in its efforts for better cleaning and collection of refuse. (3) Play Spaces.—Efforts for an additional playground; for the use of a river pier for athletic purposes; for the larger use of the public school; has effected desirable changes in the local park playground; secured the use of its street at certain periods for festival purposes; and has suggested the reservation of certain city streets for the use of school children during the late afternoon. (4) Public Schools.—Made a careful study (1905-6) of the relation of the school to the home on the basis of which it developed its school visiting work. Through this service it found itself able to (a) correct cases of irregular attend- ance; (b) urge on parents and children treatment for physical defects; (c) call in the aid of settlements, district nurses, convalescent homes, etc., for children; (d) explain to parents personally and in meetings the requirements of the de- partment of health and the compulsory education law; (e) report to teachers and principals the conditions in homes; (f) follow up non-attendance in evening schools; (g) search the district for deaf and dumb children not attending school (as a result of which the city has undertaken a special school); (h) secure a specially prepared list of children needing vacations and secure opportunities for them to go away, etc. Conducted (1909) an outdoor pre-tuberculosis sum- mer school for children in co-operation with the board of education, in lieu of a200 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS much needed and hard worked for winter school. There have been classes and special coaching for backward children. Working to secure the social use of public school facilities, and has itself secured the use of the public school gymna- sium for its girls’ basket-ball team. (5) Economic.—Relief in the economic crisis of 1907-8. For several years (1907-1910) maintained a crafts school in which lace, pottery, etc., was produced by neighborhood workers and sold. The experiment has been turned over to commercial channels, the educational period being past. (6) Health.—Started (summer 1903) a small baby clinic, and as an out- growth of this work developed a plan to decrease the infant mortality of the district by providing medical and nursing service and properly modified milk. Secured with the help of other local agencies in 1909 a dental clinic (co-operation with the Children’s Aid Society). III. Local Institutional Improvement. Organized the Greenwich Improvement Society (1903), and with this society has been instrumental in securing the branch public library and the public bath (which includes a gym- nasium and a roof garden). Secured the use of the hall in the public library for various uses (tuberculosis exhibit, public concerts, etc.). Maintains district nurse, and certain specialized medical service; public school kindergarten; savings; classes in sewing, lace, embroidery, drawing, design, basketry, chair caning (last two for backward children), carpentry, pottery, carving, story telling. There is a Crafts Workers’ Guild. (The former shopwork in lacemaking, mending, and weaving has been taken over by a firm of artists and decorators.) French, Italian and Irish musicals; entertainments, parties, etc.; clubs for men, women, young people, and children. Summer Work.—Backyard playground and garden; infants’ clinic; resident nursing service; baths for children; Saturday evening ’‘stoop concerts,” and little dances for young people; many excursions and picnics; crafts work; flower distribution; vaca- tions in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies. Former Locations. Men’s Club Rooms, 23 Jones St., 1903. Club Center, Cor- nelia St., Winter of 1903. Residents. Women 10, men 5. Volunteers. Women 28, men 2. Head Resident. Mrs. Vladimir G. Simkhovitch, 1902-. Literature. I. Authorized Statements. Reports, January, 1903; October, 1903, 1904, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1908, 1909 — Simkhovitch, Mrs. V. G.: Greenwich House. Commons, Mar., 1905, pp. 165-171. See also: The New Co-operative Settlement (Greenwich House). Commons, vii, No. 73 (Aug., 1902). Greenwich House. Commons, vii, No. 78 (Jan., 1903). A Tenant’s Manual (Published by G&enwich House, New York). Charities, xi .*4-5 (July 4, 1903) — Sayles, Mary B.: Greenwich House in Settlement Workers and Their Work. Outlook, Oct. 1, 1904. Greenwich House, New York. Commons, ix : 148 (1904). A French Play in New York (Greenwich House). Charities, xiii : 576-577 (Mar. 18, 1905). Lace-making in the Tenements. Charities, xiv : 1036-1037 (Sept. 2, 1905) — Eastman, Crystal: Charles Haag, An Immigrant Sculptor of His Kind. Char, and Commons, xvii : 615-617 (Jan. 5, 1907). Greenwich House Anniversary. Char, and Commons, xix : 1266-1267 (Dec. 21, 1907). Settlement Crafts on Business Basis. Survey, xxiii: 795-796 (Feb. 26, 1910). II. Manuals Published by Greenwich House. (1) Dinwiddie, Emily W.: The Tenants’ Manual, 1903. A handbook of information for dwellers in tenement and apartment houses and for settlement and other workers. LaterNEW YORK 201 edition revised by Nathalie Henderson. (2) A West Side Rookery (Local housing study). (3) Public Art Education. III. Articles or Social Studies by Residents. Barnes, Mary C.: Early Stories in English for New Students of English. Later Stories in English for New Students of English. Apply to Committee of Research of the National Board of the Y. W. C. A. of America — Brooks, Hildegarde: The Eyes of Men. Atlantic, 98 : 674- 684 (Nov., 1906) — Clark, Walter E.: Josiah Tucker, Economist. Columbia University Press, 1903. 258 pp. French Economists of the 18th Century. XXieme Siecle. 1904. Reviews on Money and Banking. Pol. Set. Quar., 1905-6. Greenwich House Anniversary. Char, and Commons, xix : 1266-1267 (Dec. 21, 1907). Why Should the Cost of Living Increase? Rev. of Rev., xli : 183-189 (Feb., 1910). Rising Cost of Living. Nelson’s Loose Leaf Encyclopaedia, 1910— Dinwiddie, Emily W.: New York Charities Directory, 1903. Tenants’ Manual, Greenwich House, 1903. Housing Conditions in Philadelphia. Octavia Hill Association, 1904. The Truth About Trinity’s Tenements. Survey, xxiii : 797-809 (Feb. 26, 1910). Good Homes for a Million People. World's Work, xx : 13408 (Sept., 1910) — Eastman, Crystal: Employers’ Liability in Pennsylvania. Char, and Commons, xix : 1671-1682 (Mar. 7, 1908). Employers’ Liability. (Pamphlet) N. Y., Branch of American Assn, for Labor Legislation, May, 1908. The Temper of the Workers Under Trial. Char, and Commons, xxi : 561-569 (Jan. 2, 1909). A Year’s Work-Accidents and Their Costs. Char, and Commons, xxi : 1143-1174 (Mar. 6, 1909). Employers’ Liability. (Pamphlet) N. Y., State Bar Ass’n., Jan., 1910. Work-Accidents and the Law, N. Y,, Charities Publication Committee, 1910. Work-Accidents and Employers’ Liability. Survey, xxiv : 788-794 (Sept. 3, 1910) — Ford, George B.: Apartment House on Rue de la Tasse, Paris. Amer. Architect, xci : 12-13 (Jan- 5, 1907). House on the Bois de Boulogne, Paris. Amer. Architect, Mar. 2, 1907. Emancipation of Architecture in Bel- gium. Amer. Architect, xci : 223-226 (June 8, 1907). Further Works of Charles Plumet. Amer. Architect, xci : 247-249 (June 29, 1907). A Great Exhibition—Pittsburg. Amer. Architect, Nov. 30, 1907. Report of Building Code Revision Hearing, Nov. 6, 1908, in New York. Amer. Architect, Nov. 11, 1908. National City Planning Conference. Amer. Architect, xcv : 196-198 (June 16, 1909). Another Architectural Renaissance. Cleveland Plaindealer, Feb. 2, 1908. Eighth International Housing Conference. Amer. Architect, xciii : 171-175 (Mar. 27, 1908). Modern Paris Shop Fronts. Architectural Rec., Aug., 1909. The Housing Problem. Brickbuilder, Feb., Apr., May, July, Sept., 1909. Second National Conference on City Planning and Congestion. Survey, xxiv : 293-298 (May 14, 1910). Housing in City Planning. Paper read at First City Planning Conference, Wash- ington, D. C., 1910. Ninth International Housing Congress. Survey, xxiv 1621-623 (July 23, 1910). The City Plan Exhibit in Berlin. Survey, xxiv : 643-645 (July 30, 1910). A Labor Pageant. Survey, xxv : 434 (Dec. 10, 1910). Chapter on Technical Phases of City Planning in ‘An Introduction to City Planning.’ Social Aspects of City Planning. Paper read at Second City Planning Conference, Rochester, N. Y., May, 1910. Possi- bilities of Housing Reform in New York. Paper read before Mayor’s Commission on Con- gestion, City Hall, N. Y., Oct. 28, 1910. The Interest of City Planning for the Architect. Address before Rhode Island Chapter of A. I. A., Providence, R. I., Dec. 21, .1910. Phases of Architectural Education. Technology Rev., Jan., 1910. Social Side of Town Planning. Town Planning Rev. (Liverpool, Eng.), Jan., 1911. Housing Report Installation. Child Welfare Exhibition, 1911 —Gale, Zona: Cold Shoulder. Delin., lxxiii : 407-409 (Mar., 1909). Postmarks. Outlook, xcii : 675-683 (May 22, 1909). Robin Hood in Jones Street. Outlook, xcii : 439-446 (June 26, 1909). The Cobweb. Atlantic, ciii : 640-649 (May, 1909). Way the World Is. American M., lxviii : 572-579 (Oct., 1909). Even- ing Dress. Everybody's M., xxi : 675-683 (Nov., 1909). Milwaukee. Good Housekeeping,202 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS 1: 317-325 (Mar., 1910). Charity Ball. Delineator, lxxvi : 11 (July, 1910). Brother- man. Delineator, lxxvi : 165 (Sept., 1910) — Hall, Fred S.: Scholarships For Working Children. Char, and Commons, xxi : 279-282 (Nov. 14, 1908). Pennsylvania Child Labor Laws. Survey, xxii : 321-324 (May 29, 1909). Child Labor Statistics. Ann. Amer. Acad, of Pol. and Soc. Sci., xxxv : 114-126 (Mar., 1910) — Kellogg, Paul U.: Editor of The Survey. Director and Editor of The Pittsburgh Survey, 1908. Findings in six volumes. N. Y., Charities Publication Committee — Lord, Katharine: The Greenwich House Handicraft School. Craftsman, xiii : 715-721 (Mar., 1908). Filet Lace. Palette and Bench. Sept, and Oct., 1909. A Lesson in Making Filet Lace. Craftsman, xvii : 208-214 (Nov., 1909) . Honiton and the Reviving of Lace Making in Devon. Craftsman, xvii : 444-451. Jan., 1910. New Embroidery. Designer, May, 1910. How to Make Irish Laces at Home. Craftsman, xviii : 492-496 (July, 1910). Carrick Macrossand Limerick Laces. Craftsman, Apr., 1910. The Making of Decorative Lamp Shades. Craftsman, xix : 88-90 (Oct., 1910). Irish Laces. Palette and Bench, July and Aug., 1910. How One Man Solved the Lighting Problem. House and Garden, Nov., 1910. Public Art Education in New York City. Greenwich House Publication No. 3. The History and Practice of Lace Making. (In press.) — Marsh, Benjamin C.: An Introduction to City Planning, with a chapter by George Ford. Slums and The Land, and Economic Aspects of City Planning (Ready for publication). The Extermination of Vagrancy. Ann. of Amer. Acad, of Pol. and Soc. Sci., Mar., 1904. Eighth International Housing Congress. Char, and Commons, xviii : 665- 670 (Sept. 7, 1907). Experiences of an International Beggar. Char, and Commons, xix, 983-997 (Nov. 2, 1907). City Planning in Justice to the Working Population. Char, and Commons, xix : 1514-1518 (Feb. 1, 1908). Congestion Exhibit in Brooklyn. Char, and Commons, xx : 209-211 (May 9, 1908). Bulgarian at Home. Char, and Commons, xxi : 649-650 (Jan. 9, 1909). State Grange-A Social Force. Survey, xxiii : 703-704 (Feb. 12, 1910) . Taxation and the Improvement of Living Conditions in American Cities. Survey, xxiii : 703-704 (Feb. 12, 1910). Unused Assets of Our Public Recreation Facilities. Ann. Amer. Acad, of Pol. and Soc. Sci., xxxv : 382-385 (Mar., 1910) — More, Louise Bolard: Wage Earners’ Budgets. A study of the standard of living on the lower West Side. New York, Henry Holt. Price {2.50. R£sum6in Warner’s “American Charities,” pp. 161-184. (Newed.) Wage Earners’ Budgets (Reviewed by Margaret F. Byington). Char, and Commons, xix : 1082 (Nov. 16, 1907) — Ovington, Mary White: Negro Home in New York. Char, and Commons, xv : 25-30 (Oct. 7, 1905). Negro in the Trades-Unions in New York. Ann. Amer. Acad, of Pol. and Soc. Sci., xxvii : 551-558 (May, 1906). Fresh Air Work Among Colored Children in New York. Char, and Commons, xvii : 115- 117 (Oct. 13, 1906). Atlanta Riots. Outlook, lxxxiv : 684 (Nov. 17, 1906). Jeanes Fund. Survey, xxiii : 590 (Jan. 29, 1910). Closing the Little Black School House. Survey, xxiv : 343-345 (May 28, 1910). Slaves’ Reminiscences of Slavery. Independent, lxviii : 1131—1136 (May 26, 1910). The Economic Status of the New York City Negro. (To be published) — Simkhovitch, Mary Kingsbury: The head resident was New York editor of The Commons, in which various articles by residents of Greenwich House have appeared. See: Commons, ix : 55, 92, 144, 193, 322, 406, 531, 574 (1904). The Relation of the Settlement to Women and Children. Charities, i : 5-7 (June, 1898). Women in New York Settlements. Munic. Affairs, ii : 458-462 (Sept., 1898). Friendship and Politics. Pol. Sci. Quar., xvii : 189-205 (June, 1902). The Settlement and the Public School. Com- mons, viii, No. 82 (May, 1903). Playgrounds and Public Parks. Commons, viii, No. 88 (Nov., 1903), p. 10. The New York City Election. Commons, viii, No. 89 (Dec., 1903), p. 7. The Public School, Its Neighborhood Use. Commons, ix : 406-417 (Sept., 1904). Neighborhood Work. Settlement Ideals. Charities, xii : 195-196 (Feb. 20, 1904). Stand-NEW YORK 203 ing Committee on Neighborhood Improvement (Report on National Conference of Chari- ties). Charities, xii : 716-717 (July 2, 1904). The Settlement Relation to Religion. Ann. Amer. Acad, of Poll, and Soc. Sci., xxx : 490-495 (Nov., 1907). Handicrafts in the City. Craftsman, xi : 363-365 (Dec., 1906). New York Public Library Assembly Halls. Char, and Commons, xv : 885-886 (Mar. 17, 1906). Settlement Organization. Char. and Com- mons, xvi : 566-569 (Sept. 1, 1906). The Application of the C. O. S. Method to Families above the Poverty Line. Proceedings of Nat’l Conf, of Charities and Correction, 1909, p. 137. A New Social Adjustment. Proceedings of the Academy of Political Science, Oct., 1910. Opportunities in the Social Settlement as Vocations for the Trained Woman. Women’s Educational and Industrial Union. Pamphlet. 1910 — Simkhovitch, Vladimir G. (Adj. Professor Economic History in Columbia University): Rudolph Stammler. Educational Rev., xxvii : 236-251 (Mar., 1904). Russian Autocracy, An Interpretation. Internat. Quar., x : 1-12 (Oct., 1904). Terrorism in Russia. Internal. Quar., xi : 266-287 (July, 1905). Russia’s Struggle With Autocracy. Pol. Sci. Quar., xx : m-139 (Mar., 1905). The Russian Peasant and Autocracy. Pol. Sci. Quar., xxi : 569-595 (Dec., 1906). History of the School in Russia. Educational Rev., xxxiii: 486-522 (May, 1907). The Agra- rian Movement in Russia. Yale Rev., 1907. Symbolism of Russian Revolution. Bookman, xxv : 40-48 (Mar., 1907). People’s Uprising in Russia. World's Work, ix : 5977-5981 (Mar., 1905). The Case of Russia. By Alfred Ramband, V. G. Simkhovitch, and others. N. Y., 1905. Marxism Versus Socialism. Pol. Sci. Quar., xxiii : 193-219 (June, 1908); xxiii : 652-689 (Dec., 1908); xxiv : 236-268 (June, 1909); xxiv : 641-666 (Dec., 1909); xxv : 393-419 (Sept., 1910) — Woerishoffer, Carola: A Selected List of Books and Pam- phlets in the English Language on Women in Industry. Ann. Amer. Acad, of Pol. and Soc. Sci., Oct., 1910. Hamilton House 15 Hamilton Street (1902). Boys’ Camp, Palisades on Hudson River Established December, 1901, by Pearl Underwood (Mrs. John H. Denison) “to keep the girls off the street.” Aims: “The vital need which Hamilton House seeks to fill is that of an ’open house’ to which the children of the neighborhood may come and in which they may have a sense of proprietor- ship.” Incorporated June 17, 1902. Neighborhood. The lower East Side in the Cherry Hill district, sometimes called " New York’s most wicked neighborhood.” The quarter is built up with great tenements and is highly congested. The neighbors are Irish and Italian. Maintains day nursery; classes in sewing, cooking, gymnastics, and numerous social clubs. The men’s club, organized in the settlement, has now its own clubhouse on Cherry Street, and is a vigorous influence in the district. Summer Work.—Boys’ camp and vacations in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies. Former Locations. 32 Hamilton St., 1901-1902. Workers. Women 2, men 2 (none in winter). Head Worker. Louise Worthington (Resident Nov., 1903-June, 1905, and occasionally since). Literature. Authorized Statements. Occasional pamphlets. See: Hamilton House. Charities, ix : 146 (Aug. 9, 1902) — Another Neighborhood House. Commons, Sept., 1902, p. 15.204 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Hartley House 409 (1898),411-413 (1897) West Forty-sixth Street, 412-414 West Forty-seventh Street (1908). Summer Home, Hartley House Farm (1904), Convent, Morris County, N. J. Weeburn Farm (1910), Talmage Hill, Conn. Established January, 1897, under the auspices of the New York Associa- tion for Improving the Condition of the Poor, “to create a small home-keeping school where poor girls could be taught how to keep a home neat, tidy and at- tractive ... to open workrooms for unskilled women . . . and to combine with such twofold work all the neighborly, friendly features of a college settlement.” (First Report.) “The immediate aim of the settlement is to help prepare children and young people for lives of useful social citizenship, and to help them as they grow older to render useful social service and to find happiness in unselfish social lives.” (!9°3)- “To conduct neighborhood clubs and classes for social and educational purposes; to provide opportunities for recreation; to aid in the study of social and industrial problems; to furnish, in reports and otherwise, such information and statement as may tend to promote the wider understanding of social con- ditions and social responsibilities or may tend to promote social justice; to aid in the development of good citizenship; to provide places of residence for men and women desirous of engaging in social work.” (1905.) Incorporated April 21, 1903. Neighborhood. The middle West Side, in an increasingly densely populated section. The people are largely Americans, Irish, Germans, and Italians. Activities. Several intensive studies of its district. Works through its neighbors and other agencies for the physical betterment of the section, the larger use of school playgrounds, etc. Conducted for several years a relief station and employment bureau for the Association for Improving the Condition of the Poor. At the time of the industrial depression of 1907-8, started its “Ship-shape Shop,” which served the double purpose of training in sewing, mend- ing, etc., and in providing work for those needing it. Had one of the first “Home and School” visitors (1907), a resident, who gave full time to the work, and who was influential in organizing the work of the Home and School visitors of the city. Maintains kindergarten; penny provident bank; club organ Hartley House Hews; gymnasium and baths; classes in cooking, sewing, carpentry, printing, sten- ography, nursing, shirtwaist making, millinery, hand work, pottery, drawing, English and literature; clubs for girls and boys of all ages beginning with kindergarten children; two clubs for women; dramatic work with children, and older boys and girls; debating, and Hartley House Inter-club Debating League. Summer Work.—Playground; yard concerts in the evening; day excursions; vacations in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies; Hartley Farm at Convent, N. J., for mothers and children under sixteen years of age, and Weeburn Farm, Talmage Hill, Conn., for working girls over sixteen.NEW YORK 205 Residents. Women 14. Volunteers. Women 30, men 6. Head Residents. Helen French Green, Jan., 1897-Sept., 1905; May Mathews, Sept., 1905-. Literature. I. Authorized Statements. Reports, 1897, 1898, 1900, 1901, 1902 — Articles in Hartley House News, i, No. 1, 1898, and Reports of the Association for Improving the Condition of the Poor — Stokes, J. G. Phelps: Hartley House and Its Relation to the Social Reform Movement. (Pamphlet.) 1897. Address the settlement. See also: Hartley House. New York Times, June 27, 1897 — Hartley House. Char. Rev., vi : 380 (June, 1897) — Kingsbury, Mary A.: Women in New York Settlements (Hartley House). Munic. Affairs, ii : 458-462 (Sept., 1898) — Hartley House. Bureau of Labor Statistics State of New York. Eighteenth Annual Report, 1900. Part II : 376- 385 — Pratt, Caroline L.: Carpentry at Hartley House. Commons, vii, No. 71 (June, 1902) — Hartley House Incorporated. Commons, Aug., 1903. II. Articles and Social Studies by Residents. Pierce, Ella A.: The Hartley House Cook Book. Commons, May, 1902. New Edition of Hartley House Cook Book, Oct., 1910 — Stevens, George A.: Hartley House. Bureau of Labor Statistics State of New York. Eighteenth Annual Re- port, 1900 — Stokes, J. G. Phelps: Hartley House and its Relation to the Social Reform Movement. 1897 (Out of print). On the Relation of the Settlement Movement to the Evils of Poverty. Proceedings of the First New York State Conference of Charities and Corrections, 1900. Public Schools as Social Centers. Ann. Amer. Acad, of Pol. and Soc. Sci., May, 1904. Ye Have the Poor Always With You. Independent, Sept. 9, 1904. Henry Street Settlement (Nurses’ Settlement) 265 (1895), 299-301 (1905) Henry Street Established July, 1893, by Lillian D. Wald, who, moved by the condi- tions surrounding a sick woman of the East Side, upon whom she had called, proposed with Mary M. Brewster (later Mrs. Booth)“ to move into the neighbor- hood; to carry on volunteer nursing, and contribute our citizenship to what seemed an alien group in a so-called democratic community.” In looking for quarters the two nurses came upon the College Settlement, and for the months of July and August they lived at the Settlement House. In September they rented the top floor of a tenement house, and fortified with board of health badges, explored tenements and carried on such nursing and social work as came to their hands. After two years calls multiplied so fast that the house at 265 Henry Street was taken to provide accommodation for more nurses, and the present extension work began. Incorporated March 27,1903, “for the usual settlement purposes, and also to establish a service of visiting nursing and to maintain con- valescent and Fresh Air homes.” Supported by many gifts for special purposes. The household (board, servants, etc.) on co-operative plan. Neighborhood. First, the lower East Side, and later all sections of the city. Some neighborhood work also in the country where three of the vacation houses are open all the year, the director of each being identified with the life of her locality. Activities. I. Investigations. An Investigation of Dispossessed Ten- ants, 1897 (in co-operation with the University and College Settlements); The Midwives of New York, published in Charities, January, 1907 (co-operation Union Settlement and the Neighborhood Workers Association); Investigation206 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS into Unemployment, published in Charities, February 29, 1908. Investigation of conditions surrounding babies boarded out in families by institutions; an informal investigation of children out of school because of physical defects, undertaken to show the need of proper feeding and school lunches; an investiga- tion of one thousand school children who had obtained working papers at four- teen years of age and gone to work. This investigation to determine whether it would be wise to provide scholarships which would enable certain children who showed promise to remain in school until sixteen. Investigation leading to the publication of a directory of the Trade, Industrial and Art Schools of Greater New York, published by the settlement, May, 1909. Miss Wald was a member of the Mayor’s Pushcart Commission (report published by the city of New York, September 10, 1906); of the State Immigration Commission (report published by the state, April 5, 1909); and with one other member of this commission made an extended investigation of the conditions in the labor and construction camps throughout the state (report published in The Survey, January 1, 1910). Investigation of children’s street games, 1909; investigation of conditions sur- rounding working girls in department stores, factories and canneries, 1909; a study of festivals with their possibilities for settlement presentation (report published in Charities). II. Efforts for District Improvement, (i) Health.—(a) Home Care —The residents have stood consistently for the adequate care of the sick in their homes. A system of visiting nursing has been established which now covers the boroughs of Manhattan and the Bronx. The nursing staff increased from 15 in 1900 to 47 in 1909; making calls upon 10,234 patients, and rendering first aid treatment to 16,192 persons that year. Established for the department of health a staff of nurses for the care of contagious diseases. Identified through the director of one of the country places with the District Nursing Association of Westchester County and has membership also in the Grangers’ Association of that county, (b) Convalescence—Maintains three convalescent houses: The Rest at Grand View-on-the-Hudson, New York; Reed Farm, Valley Cot- tage, N. Y. (for Italian patients); Echo Hill Farm, Yorktown Heights, N. Y. (where a limited number of delicate children are kept for an indefinite period or are partially adopted). Miss Wald is trustee of Loeb Convalescent Home and one of the residents is registrar, (c) Tuberculosis—The pioneer nurses in 1893, realizing the danger to the community from the ignorance of persons suffering from tuberculosis, secured the names of such persons applying for admission to hospitals. These, and others discovered by the staff, were visited; sputum cups and disinfectants were supplied; and instruction in hygiene provided. In March, 1905, the department of health took up the work systematically, and the city nurses now carry on the plan of visitation and education, (d) Medical Inspection in Public Schools—The first residents of the settlement helped in establishing medical inspection in the public schools, bringing to the attention of the department of health school children desquamating from scarlet fever and with diphtheria patches on throats. Later the system of inspection seemed in- adequate, as the children were senf home when found to be ill, and many tendedNEW YORK 207 to become truants because of this. The settlement proposed to demonstrate for the boards of health and education the value of the nurse with the physician, and in October, 1902, supplied the services of a nurse who supplemented the services of the medical examiners. At the end of one month the service was taken over by the city. The system has since been adopted in many cities in the United States and abroad, (e) Milk and Baby Hygiene—A trustee of the settlement supplies milk from his private dairy in Westchester County, and this is sold to the patients of the nurses, especially for infant feeding. Twice-weekly, conferences with mothers are held at the settlement under the direction of two physicians who examine the babies brought to the class, prescribe the proper modification of the milk for each and give advice as to care. A nurse is detailed to the following up of these cases and instructs the mothers in the modification of the milk and in general care and hygiene of the baby and the home, (f) Co-operation with In- surance Companies—In June, 1909, the settlement proposed to a large insurance company the insurance of their policy holders for nursing as well as for death benefit, and in accordance with this plan a system was inaugurated that bids fair to be of enormous preventive and educational value, through the utilization of the huge machinery of the company to make the nurse’s service accessible to the policy holders. Other companies are adopting the plan. (2) Housing.—The residents have from time to time testified before various tenement house commissions. The professional services of the staff have offered unexampled opportunity to observe conditions, to report violations of law, and to follow up the method of enforcement. (3) Sanitation: Streets and Collection of Refuse.—Members of the settle- ment have co-operated to educate the people and have worked with the street cleaning department in various matters, such as the removal of snow, prompt collection of garbage, lectures to the neighborhood, etc. Took an active part in the campaign against constructing an elevated railroad in a nearby street, ad- vocating a subway instead, which alternative has been carried out. (4) Play spaces.—Co-operated in the campaign for public recreation facili- ties. Its backyard playground (1895), utilizing three adjoining yards, was one of the earliest play spaces in its district. One of the first agencies to definitely organize and supervise play, bringing in the teaching of manual work, folk dancing, games, etc. Instrumental in securing Seward Park and Corlears Hook Park, and its residents now serve in the park department of New York City and on the executive committee of the Parks and Playgrounds Association of New York. In co-operation with the latter it maintains a playground at the Stillman House, its branch in the Negro section of the city; and during the summer the gymnasium of the settlement is also run as a playground in co-operation with the Parks and Playgrounds Association and the board of education. ($) Public Schools.—Carried on with other agencies a continuous and suc- cessful campaign of education for more and better school buildings. Provided a formal study room, which has been adopted (according to the statement of Dr. Maxwell, Superintendent of Schools) in 63 school buildings. The practical house- keeping centers were first established in co-operation with the settlement.208 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Several residents are on the local school boards of their districts and the head resident has participated in the campaign for school lunches and furnished some literature on the subject. The settlement gives the department of education rooms for a kindergarten and has provided quarters for physical work with a class of defectives. Administers a system of scholarships for children between fourteen and sixteen years of age. A resident follows each child’s school, home and social life. Forty-one children in elementary, trade, technical and art schools receive scholarships. (6) Labor.—Residents early found themselves called upon to give vocal and literary expression to the hardships under which many of the young women among their neighbors labored; and were active in the first organization of the Women’s Trade Union League. Residents have testified before various legisla- tive commissions; served on executive committees of the national and state child labor committees; organized a system of scholarships given to children to prolong the school life beyond the fourteenth year; and interested themselves in awaken- ing public sentiment. Two residents serve on the Joint Board of Sanitary Control of the cloak and suit industry, and have had part in the investigation into heating, ventilation, fire protection, sanitation, etc., made by the trade. (7) Politics.—Though not formally identified with any party, the settle- ment has always taken an active part on the so-called “moral issue campaigns.” Members of the household and the clubs serve as speakers, watchers at the polls, distributers of literature, etc. Advocates the principle of woman’s suffrage, and some of its members are actively connected with the movement. (8) Economic.—Largely responsible for the establishment of Clinton Hall, a building in its immediate neighborhood erected by the Social Halls Association, of which the head worker of the settlement is president. Clinton Hall is equipped with a dance hall, roof garden, lodge and meeting rooms, billiard room, bowling alley, etc., and is run on a strictly business basis, but under thoroughly respect- able and decent conditions. At the present time it is the headquarters for twenty-one different trade unions. (9) Morals.—Shared in investigating social conditions and has at times been able to inquire into and report many matters to the police department, district attorneys, Committee of Fifteen, and other organizations. III. Co-operation with other Agencies. Members of the settlement are connected in advisory and official capacity with settlements, labor, charit- able, health, recreational, educational, political and other institutions and movements. IV. Relation to City, State and National Movements, (i) City.— In New York City the settlement has been formally identified with the depart- ment of health, department of education, department of parks, the Mayor’s Pushcart Commission (190$). (2) State.—The head worker has served as a member of Governor Hughes’ Immigration Commission (1908 and 1909), and others of the household are ac- tively connected with state regents, state department of education in that branch relating to the examining and registration of nurses.NEW YORK 209 (3) National.—The head worker originated and has been actively identified with the movement for a federal children’s bureau. V. General Propaganda. The house has been notable in its public influence. Settlements have been established in other communities through its inspiration, and many of its forms of work have been adopted in other cities. Through its head worker and residents it has been allied with many public move- ments, and it has been able to carry its philosophy to many persons through speech and pen. Maintains a district nursing service covering Manhattan and the Bronx; four first aid rooms in the main house and three of its branches, where burns, wounds, and ulcers are dressed, and attention is given to such patients as are able to come to the room; fol- low-up work from school, hospital, asylum and dispensary; seven country places, three of which are open all the year (described in another section); one milk dispensary with conference for mothers (these conferences are held twice a week under the direction of two physicians, and a nurse is detailed to follow up the cases and teach the modification of the milk in the homes); three kindergartens; upwards of 125 clubs for both sexes and all ages; three libraries (one for reference, two circulating); two playgrounds (one indoors and one outdoors with directors in charge); a gymnasium for boys, girls and young men; a school shop in which there are a limited number of apprentices who are taught fine handwork (the product is sold); two carpentry shops; several cooking classes; several dancing classes; penny provident banks at the main house and three branches. Former Locations. Jefferson St., Sept., 1893-July, 1895; 279 E. Broadway, 1893; 312 E. 78th St., 1896-1906; 9 Montgomery St., Summer, 1901-May, 1906. Residents. Women 41, men 5. Volunteers. Women 77, men 23. Head Resident. Lillian D. Wald, 1893-. UPTOWN NURSES’ SETTLEMENT 232 East Seventy-ninth Street Established April, 1896, in a two-story house at 312 East Seventy-eighth Street, and moved in 1906 to 232 East Seventy-ninth Street. Neighborhood. The East Side. The people are Bohemians, Hungarians, French, Irish, Jews, Germans, and Italians. There is much congestion, some poverty, and great need of social opportunity. Maintains nursing service; bank; woman’s club; classes in calisthenics; story hour; dancing; clubs for young people and children; parties and entertainments. The house is primarily a home, and the work individual and intensive. The head worker is a member of the local school board and Charity Organization Society. Head Residents. Jennie Whitelaw, 1896-1901; Susan Bishop, 1901-1905; Margaret Anderson, 1905-. BRANCH IN THE BRONX 862 Cauldwell Avenue Established October, 1906, in an apartment. Neighborhood. The Bronx, a residential quarter of people of the lower middle class living in apartments or small wooden houses. Maintains. The medical service is the most important, people being very glad to pay for the nursing service. Much social work is done with individuals, and through IS210 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS institutions. There is a woman’s club and much informal friendliness. The head worker is a member of the Charity Organization Society. Head Resident. Harriet Chichester, 1906-. STILLMAN BRANCH FOR COLORED PEOPLE Center, 205 West Sixtieth Street Established December, 1906, in a neighborhood flat. Neighborhood. The neighborhood is a residential quarter of boarding houses and tenements. The people are Irish and Negroes. Maintains nursing service (begun in 190$); penny provident bank; circulating library; classes in city history, folk dancing, carpentry, domestic science and sewing; men’s civic club; playground and social clubs for all ages and with various aims. Summer Work.—Open air playground. Former Locations. 154 W. 62nd St., 1905 fF; 252 W. 62nd St., May, 1907- Nov., 1908; 205 W. 60th St., Nov., 1908-. Head Worker. Miss Minton. Literature. I. Authorized Articles. Frequent articles in American Journal of Nursing — Henry Street Settlement Journal, i, No. 1. See also: The Trained Nurse. N. Y., Lakeside Publishing Co., 1897 — Kingsbury, Mary A.: Women in New York Settlements (Nurses* Settlements). Munic. Affairs, ii : 458-462 (Sept., 1898) — Social Settlements. Bureau of Labor Statistics State of New York, Eighteenth Annual Report, 1900. Part ii, pp. 334-340 — The Nurses’ Settlement. Commons, vi, No. 68 (March, 1902) — The Nurses’ Settlement. Charities, viii : 55 (Jan. 11, 1902) — Sayles, Mary B.: Settlement Workers and Their Work. Outlook, lxxviii, No. 5 (Oct. 1, 1904). II. Books and Articles by Residents. Darner, Anna: American Journal of Nursing. Occasional contributions. Days on a Farm. Aug., 1908 — Dock, L. L.: Materia Medicafor Nurses. N. Y., G. P. Putnam, 1890. The Nurses’ Settlement in New York City. Nursing Rec. (London), Jan. 17,1898. School Nurse Experiment in New York. Amer. Jour, of Nursing, Nov., 1902. History of Nursing, 2 vols. In collaboration with Miss A. M. Nutting. New York, G. P. Putnam, 1907. Hygiene and Morality. N. Y., G. P. Putnam, 1910 — Flex- ner, Mary: New Spirit in the Teaching of History. Educational Foundations, June, 1908 — Forte, Susan E.: Manual Training in Settlements. Commons, vii, No. 71 (June, 1902) — Kelley, Florence: Aims and Principles of the Consumers’ League. Amer. Journ. of Sociol., Nov., 1899. Child Labor Legislation. Ann. Amer. Acad, of Pol. and Soc. Sci., xx (July, 1902). Child Labor Legislation. Charities, x : 67-69 (Jan. 17, 1903). Illiterate Children in the Great Industrial States. Charities, x : 355-357 (Apr. 4, 1903). Current Notes on Child Labor Laws. Charities, x : 450-453 (May 2, 1903). An Effective Child Labor Law. Ann. Amer. Acad, of Pol. and Soc. Sci., xxi : 3 (May, 1903). A Boy Destroying Trade. (The Glass Bottle Industry of New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois.) Charities, xi: 15-19 (July 4, 1903). The Travesty of Christmas. Report on the Use and Abuse of Factory Inspection. Charities, xi : 537-540 (Dec. 5, 1903). Institution-Fac- tories. Charities, xii : 234-237 (Mar. 5, 1904). The Sordid Waste of Genius. Charities, xii: 453-455 (May 7, 1904). Children and How Colorado Cares for Them. Commons, ix : 562-64 (i904)’ Has Illinois the Best Laws in the Country for the Protection of Chil- dren? Amer. Jour, of Sociol., Nov., 1904. Wanted: One More Standing Committee. Commons, ix : 477-479 (October, 1904). Some Ethical Gains Through Legislation, p. 200NEW YORK 21 N. Y., MacMillan, 1904. Condition of the English People in 1844. By Frederick Engels. Translated by Mrs. F. Kelley. Scribners — Rogers, Lina C.: Amer. Jour, of Nursing. Occasional Contributor on School Nursing. Nurses in the Public Schools of New York City. Char, and Commons, xvi : 65-69 (Apr. 7, 1906). School Nursing in New York City. University Settlement Studies, June, 1906 — Wald, Lillian D.: The Nurses’ Settlement. Transactions Third International Congress, Sept., 1901. The Nurses’ Settlement. Amer. Jour, of Nursing, i : 1 (Oct., 1900) and ii : 8 (May, 1902). Treatment of Families in Which There is Sickness. Amer. Jour, of Nursing, May, 1904. Medical Inspection in Public Schools. Ann. Amer. Acad, of Pol. and Soc. Sci., xxv : 88 (Mar., 1905). Under- nourished School Children. Charities, xiii : 600 (Mar. 25, 1905). District Nursing. University Settlement Studies, Jan., 1906. The Henry Street Settlement, New York. Char, and Commons, xvi : 35-41 (Apr. 7, 1906). In the Day’s Work of the Settlement Nurse. Char, and Commons, xvi : 41-44 (Apr. 7, 1906). Organization Amongst Working Women. Ann. Amer. Acad, of Pol. and Soc. Sci., May, 1906. The Feeding of the School Children. Char, and Commons, xx : 371-374 (June 13, 1908). Educational Value and Social Signi- ficance of the Trained Nurse in the Tuberculosis Campaign. Proceedings of International Congress on Tuberculosis. Washington, Oct., 1908. Nursing—Vocation for the Trained Woman. Boston Woman’s Educational and Industrial Union, 1910. Boarded-out Babies. State Charities Aid Association, 1907. Report of Mayor’s Pushcart Commis- sion, N. Y. City, 1906 (Collaborator). Report of N. Y. State Immigration Commission, 1909 (Collaborator). Plea for the Creation of a Federal Children’s Bureau. Ann. Amer. Acad, of Pol. and Soc. Sci., Mar., 1909. The District Nurse’s Contribution to the Reduc- tion of Infant Mortality. Amer. Acad, of Med. Bull., Aug., 1910. The Construction Camps of the People (in collaboration with Miss F. Kellor). Survey, xxiii : 449-465 (Jan. 1, 1910) — Waters, Yssabella G.: Visiting Nursing in the United States. N. Y., Charities Pub. Com., 1909. Homemaking Settlement 518 East Sixteenth Street Established March, 1909, by Annie W. Strathern "to teach homemaking under tenement conditions, and to train girls to help at home willingly.” Neighborhood. The people are Russians, Slavs, Hungarians, Italians, Germans and Irish. Activities. "For several years I have felt that the industrial training given to tenement house girls in schools and clubs was not accomplishing what had been hoped; that often homes did not improve, and the girls continued selfish and inconsiderate toward the mother and younger members of the family. The work aims to demonstrate to the older girls how hard the mother works, as well as to teach the elements of homemaking. "The 'home* consists of a tenement of three rooms under charge of the ‘ house mother/ who teaches how to cook and keep house. Four girls form the ‘family/ which is made up of one working girl, two grammar school girls, and one primary school child. All have tasks, such as can be done out of school and work hours. The work is arranged to give time for preparation of lessons and play for the school girls, and for some relaxation for the working girl. Inci- dental instruction is given in personal hygiene, the care of clothing, the arrange-212 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS ment and care of furnishings, and household sanitation. Each group lives together for a week—when it is replaced by a new * family/ The friendly relation is maintained. "On Sunday, Wednesday and Friday evenings the little ones, from four years to grammar school age, come in for story hour and singing. On Monday evening the grammar school girls meet for a practical talk and social hour. Tuesday evening is given to the young working girls, who discuss problems, ask advice, and then spend a half hour chatting, singing, or playing games. On Thursday evenings we rent a room in the Hebrew Technical Building on Second Avenue, corner Fifteenth Street, for social gatherings of all our young people— girls and boys—thus retaining their interest and gaining influence.” • Summer Work.—Daily excursions to the parks with a selected group of children; flowers from the National Plant, Flower and Fruit Guild. Any child under seven may enjoy the outings, or any child over seven accompanied by a younger child. Residents. Women 2. Head Resident. Annie W. Strathern. Literature. Pamphlets. Mothers’ Helpers (Prospectus Nov. 20, 1908) Report, November, 1909. See also: Teaching Homemaking. Evening Mail, May 27, 1910. Hudson Guild 436-438 West Twenty-seventh Street (1908-) Established March, 189$, by John L. Elliott "to teach the ethics of social organization, and to help in preparing the people for American citizenship. First, it strives to make them ambitious to become economically independent and self-supporting. Second, it strives to make them co-operative in spirit, and self-governing. Third, it strives to inculcate a knowledge and a love of American principles and institutions.” "The object of the guild is to help men and women and children in their work and play just as men and women and children; to lend a hand in time of distress; to organize and give effectiveness to the social instincts that exist in all men; to get the people of the district themselves to be social workers and the regenerators of their own neighborhood; to bring about active co-operation between different individuals in different classes in order to learn how to live in a city.” Maintained by club dues, subscription and donations from the New York Society for Ethical Culture. Neighborhood. “The lower West Side in what was once Chelsea Village. The people are largely Irish and German, though there are Jews, Italians, and Swedes. Educa- tion is rare. The people have no definite standards for living and are rather the sort that simply trail along doing what everybody else does. The least objectionable in neighbor- hood standards are poor and pitiful, never by any chance challenging the finer sides of their natures. It is every man for himself; there are no heroes beyond a successful boxer or ball player. Perhaps the chief difficulty is unwillingness to think things out. It is only when the people are forcefully stimulated that they will consent to study a problem; and when after a long prodding we find that they are willing to assume the initiative we are proud as of a great victory.” Activities. Instrumental in securing the fine public park and playground which faces its building. Has worked hard to secure the removal of the NewNEW YORK 213 York Central tracks on Tenth Avenue, so far without success. Through its clubs council secured provision for athletics in the neighborhood park; killed a peti- tion to prohibit base ball playing; and endeavors to remedy bad hygienic and housing conditions, etc. A great contribution of the guild has been its working out of the guild principle as set forth by Stanton Coit. “The guild attempts to get people to work for better conditions in such a way that the finer human relations, such as neighborliness and fraternity, may be evolved out of the work. It believes that not only the possession of advantages but the experience and interest that come from working for advantages are to be prized. To get the people of a neighbor- hood to care for the children of that neighborhood in their play, education, and health; to get the citizens of a tuberculosis infected district to fight that disease, and to care for those already afflicted, and to protect those yet free from it; to create the demand for and to secure the establishment of public places for amusement, education, and conference so that in time the tenement houses and the streets and all conditions of living may be bettered,—these are typical of the guild’s aims. To create this kind of activity two things are needed: the individual who is enlightened and progressive, and the group educated in the practice of working together for social ends. Every attempt is made to help and stimulate the individual who comes to the guild. . . . The chief reliance is placed on what might be called story-telling. Beginning with the little ones in the library and ending with the older men of the house there is for each age and group a series of stories, biographies, histories and dramas. These are selected not with the idea of teaching history or literature but for the purpose of throwing light upon and creating interest about the problems that the various groups are meeting. The dominant note is the spiritual side of social reform. “ In group work the purpose is to train individuals in the aims and practices of co-operative enterprises. While every community depends on fine individuals for its advancement, it will also be benefited if the rank and file of its members are in the habit of working together in a good way for fine things. The attempt is made to have every club do something for the house or for the commun- ity. ... At first social enterprises are set going in the club, then in the house, then in the neighborhood, then in the city. The guild purposes not to put one person doing one thing but attempts to be the yeast which starts the social rising. It believes that in every one there is the making of a good citizen, and the best way to make him a good citizen is to bring him into contact with others doing social work and enlist his sympathies so that he may learn through doing. “The guild as constituted is governed by three co-ordinate bodies: trus- tees, representing generally friends and contributors; workers, representing those who have dedicated their lives to social service and are the real dynamic force of the work; and the council, which represents the people in the neighborhood. The trustees, who, in the last analysis, are the parties charged with the responsi- bility of the permanence of the work, leave the actual operation of the activities of the guild house to those who are fitted for such work. They may suggest policies but the practical application of their ideas is often modified and always214 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS put into execution by the two other co-ordinate bodies. For fifteen years they have followed a plan of conference with all parties. Where at times the people in the neighborhood have not been participants in the work, interest on their part has flagged and the danger of mutual irritation was engendered. Through the years, however, there has come a better policy and more trustful spirit which is perhaps the thing to be most prized at the Hudson Guild; those in different classes, employers and employed, those having different degrees of education and culture, working side by side for common aims. It is impossible to trace this development through dates and in various localities. It has been a light slowly coming, but it has brought with it a faith in democracy and sense of fraternity that is far and away the best of any contribution that may have been made. " The Clubs’ Council. The Clubs’ Council of Hudson Guild has been a success because real power has been placed in its hands; the power to do things which interest club members. The Council is composed of representatives from all the evening clubs using the house, and also elects the house court, which represents the judiciary. Many philanthropic organizations bring their bene- ficiaries together and make a pretense at self-government but keep all real authority out of the people’s hands. The Clubs’ Council has the power and self-developing capacity to be the legislative body of the neighborhood house; and through its committees has the executive functions as well. To convince the members that they were to have a real power in the house and to give them training in this very necessary branch of education the council was given the function of apportioning rents of the clubs and collecting these rents; and is held responsible for paying bills amounting to above fifteen hundred dollars a year. These bills cover the entire lighting and heating, the janitor supplies, and incidental repairs and breakage. Holding the house members responsible for meeting this expenditure makes them naturally much more careful about waste and anxious to make as advantageous contracts as possible for coal, gas, and electricity. Certain articles of the constitution follow: “ Article I. Sec. i. Legislative Department. All legislative powers for the house herein granted shall be vested in the Clubs’ Council of the Hudson Guild, which shall be a representative body. ** Article II. Sec. i. Mode of Passing Rules. Every measure which shall have passed the Council shall before it becomes a law be presented to the head worker of the Hudson Guild; if he approve he shall sign it, but if not he shall return it with his objections to the Council, and if after further consideration two-thirds of all the members of the Coun- cil agree to pass the measure it shall become a law. “Article III. Sec. i. Powers of the Council. To assign rooms, to apportion and collect house rents, to regulate interclub affairs and the relations of the house with other neighborhood houses, to establish a uniform rule for the passing of a member from one club to another, to promote educational work, to provide means of athletic exercise and entertainment, to undertake and encourage improvements in the neighborhood, to establish a court in the house, to make house rules, to suspend or expel any club, to grant or take away privileges from any club. “Article IV. Sec. i. Duties of the Head Worker. He shall, from time to time,NEW YORK 215 give information to the Council about the state of the house and recommend for its con- sideration such measures as he shall deem necessary and expedient. Sec. 2. The Coun- cil may at any time by a two-thirds vote impeach the head worker. “ There is much talk these days about self-government and democracy. Probably the best people in the community are not able to govern themselves any too well; however, there is this in common among all people that they get more out of self-government in the long run, or at least participating in self-government, than they do out of any other form of management. The Guild does not claim that it has a perfect form of government for a neighbor- hood house; it is trying to learn those methods and to acquire the virtue and skill which will make self-government more and more possible and an ever greater reality. The work of the Guild is an attempt at self-education and self-government. It is a lesson which cities, states, and the nation itself have only partially learned. Through the medium of parties and politicians the peo- ple, and particularly the poor people, have been almost entirely divorced from any participation in government, and this points great danger in the future. The Guild is trying to give such powers to and develop such responsibility in its club members that they will be able and willing to take a really useful part not only in the house but in the neighborhood and city as well. “ Tbe District Committee,—The District Committee is made up of residents in neighboring tenement blocks who act as guardians for their locality. It is composed not only of house members but also of those not belonging to clubs who will render any service whatsoever. Each member is responsible for his or her block, reporting the cases of illness, want, unsanitary conditions, etc., through the chairman of the committee. The fact that the Guild members have an intimate knowledge of the neighborhood is a great help, and the “block system” has made it possible to know every family in certain areas. The com- mittee turns to various city departments, organized philanthropies and the volunteer assistance of professional men to aid it in solving the problems of the individual and the district. The good will of the neighbors has been enlisted in helping one another; some assistance has been given in securing employment; a beginning has been made in enlisting the district in a campaign against tuber- culosis; and the people are increasingly applying neighborhood initiative to the problem of bad housing and sanitation. The District Committee spends several hundred dollars a year in carrying out its program. To this fund about half the clubs contribute voluntarily; some of the afternoon boys’ clubs taking great interest in the district work and never neglecting their monthly donation of fifty cents. The committee wishes to help people to help each other, to create neighborly spirit, to break down indifference. 11 wants to organize, strengthen and encourage the interest the poor have for the poor; to help them to look beyond their own door-sills toward the neighbor who has less; to realize that to give to others of themselves is perhaps the greatest happiness.” (Condensed from “The Hudson Guild, 1910.”) Maintains kindergarten; public library and reading room; publishes Cbelsea (monthly); savings bank; nursing service (especially for babies); a milk fund for tuber-2l6 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS cular children; baths; employment; festivals; dramatics; athletic association; dances; entertainments; printing shop; civil service classes for men; classes for boys in carpentry, sloyd, English, city history and music; classes for girls in sewing, embroidery, cooking, housekeeping, music, help in studies; club organization; storytelling; gymnasium; danc- ing; graduate kindergarten. Summer Work.—Open house, including continuous club and class work; distribution of flowers; window box gardening; picnics, outings, etc; vacations at the summer camp of the Ethical Society (Felicia), and various vacation parties of women and young people, in co-operation with Tribune Fresh Air work. Summer baby clinic; nursing work; medical and educational work in Cbelsea. Locations. Initial—West Twenty-fifth Street; 252 and 254 W. 26th St. Residents. Womens men 4. Volunteers. Women 69, men 1. Head Resi- dent. John Lovejoy Elliott, Ph.D., 1895-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Pamphlets, to be obtained by addressing the Guild — Report, 1910 (contains history). See also: Chelsea. A Neighborhood Paper (published monthly), Vol. i, No. 1 (1907) — Baker, Ray Stannard: The Faith of the Unchurched. American M., Sept., 1909, p. 439 ff. Hudson Guild’s Success and Its New Quarters. Char, and Commons, xix : 925-926 (Oct. 19, 1907). Italian School of the Children’s Aid Society 155 North Street Established 1909, by the Children’s Aid Society, as an outgrowth of the work of the old House of Industry, to be “a school and social center.” Neighborhood. “Five Points” takes in also Baxter, Mulberry, Mott, Elizabeth, Cherry, Roosevelt, Pearl, Centre, Franklin, Leonard, and Canal Streets; Park Row and City Hall Place. The people are largely Italians. Maintains day school; library; classes in cooking, gymnastics, printing, carpentry, power machine, dressmaking, sign painting, cobbling, embroidery, millinery, typewriting, English and Italian, stenography; clubs for young men; girls’ clubs. Residents. Women 2. Non-Residents. Women 30, men 10. Volunteers. Women 4, men 3. Head Resident. (Mrs.) Louisa E. Weygandt, 1909-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Apply Superintendent of Schools, Children's Aid Society, 105 East 22nd Street — The Italian House at the Five Points. 1910. Jacob A. Riis Neighborhood Settlement (Center) (Formerly Tenement House Chapter of King’s Daughters and the King's Daughters* Settlement) 48 (1898-) and 50 (1901 and 1906-) Henry Street. Summer House, Jacob A. Riis Fresh Air Home, Twin Island, City Island P. O., New York Established 1892 as the outgrowth of a flower mission and relief work or- ganized by Jacob A. Riis in the summer of 1890 under the King’s Daughters and Sons “to supplement the work of the summer corps of physicians of the board of health by supplying such nursing, diet, hospital and fresh air privileges as were not in their power to provide.” Incorporated December, 1894, as the “New York Tenement House Chapter of the King’s Daughters and Sons”; in 1898 as the " King’s Daughters’ Settlement”; in 1902 as the "Jacob A. Riis Settlement.” Neighborhood. The lower East Side. The people are of Irish and Jewish ex- traction.NEW YORK 217 Activities. Mr. Riis has been one of the most powerful factors in bringing about the change of public attitude toward the East Side, and in securing better housing, more play space, and greater public social opportunities. Co-operates with its neighbors in bringing to the attention of the public authorities viola- tions of provisions of sanitation, etc. Maintains two kindergartens; relief work; penny provident bank; clothing bu- reau; roof garden; play space; play room; game and reading rooms; classes in cooking, sewing, homemaking, dressmaking, music, carpentry, city history, gymnasium; athletic association and athletic events; clubs for men and women, young people and children; entertainments, socials, lectures, etc. Summer Work.—Roof garden; informal club work; flower distribution; vacations at the country house, Twin Island (co-operation of city of New York); in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies; picnics and excursions, etc. Former Locations. Basement of Mariners* Temple, Summer, 1890; 91 Madison St., Apartment, 1891; 77 Madison St., 1892. Gymnasium built and plant remodeled, 1906. Volunteers. Women 44, men 12. Head Worker. Jennie Dewey Heath, 1890-1892; Charlotte A. Waterbury, 1892-1896; Alice C. Mayer, 1896-1899; Charlotte A. Waterbury, 1899-. Literature. I. Authorized Statements. Reports and pamphlets issued by settlement. See especially that of 1902 — Yearbooks 1892 ff.; Mar., 1905; Mar., 1906; Jan., 1907; 1906-7; 1907-8 — Riis House Echo, Vol. I, No. 1 (March, 1910). See also: The Commons, Sept., 1896 — Bureau of Labor Statistics State of New York. Eighteenth Annual Report, 1900. Part 11, pp. 326-329 — Riis, Jacob A.: Jacob A. Riis Neighborhood Settlement. Outlook, Ixxvii : 11 (Nov. 12, 1904) — To our Supporters. Pamphlet. 12 pp. Issued by House 1908. II. Articles or Social Studies by Residents or Directors. Riis, Jacob A.: How the Other Half Lives. Ill. N. Y., Scribner’s, 1892. Children of the Poor. Ill. N. Y., Scribner’s, 1893. $2.50. A Ten-Year War. Boston, Houghton and Mifflin, 1900. The Making of an American. N. Y., Macmillan, 1901. $2.00. The Battle With the Slum. Churchman, Oct. 12, 1901. Silhouettes from the Slums. Cur. Lit., Nov., 1902. A Burglar’s Story. Charities, xii : 78-83 (July 25, 1903). The Island Playgrounds of the Future. Charities, xi : 205 -207 (Sept. 5, 1903). The Case of the House of Refuge. Charities, xi : 28 (July 4, 1903). What Settlements Stand For. Outlook, lxxxix : 69-72 (May 9, 1908). See also: Kellogg, Paul U.: What Jacob Riis and a Thousand Boys Are Up To. Char, and Commons, xvii : 167-170 (Oct. 27, 1906). Lenox Hill Settlement (Formerly Normal College Alumnae Settlement, 1894-1911) 444 (igo4)-446 (1894) East Seventy-second Street Established October, 1894, by the Alumnae of Normal College as a develop- ment of a kindergarten and certain forms of social work growing out of it. "Nor- mal College Alumnae House exists for the mutual benefit of its neighbors and the students and graduates of the Normal College. Its purpose is to give social expression to democracy; so to study its neighborhood as to gain insight into its best life and its special needs, and, as a result of this study to stimulate self-help and co-operation, and wisely to lead and share the movement of the neighborhood toward civic consciousness and righteousness/* Incorporated March 6, 1911.218 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Neighborhood. “Alumnae House is in the heart of Bohemian New York. Our neighbors are not physically weak like the poor Hebrews who have come from the ghettos of Europe, nor illiterate like the poor Italian peasants, but strong, healthy men and women, nearly all of whom can read and write. They have halls of their own, numerous benefit societies and a distinct social life, so that we find here a small Bohemian city with a popula- tion of 20,000, which has curiously little to connect it with American New York. We dis- covered this summer that some of the working girls had never seen the Dewey Arch. The people keep to themselves, use the Bohemian tongue in their homes, and send their children to afternoon classes, so that they may learn to read and speak Bohemian correctly. In this foreign neighborhood a settlement has peculiar opportunities for usefulness/* Activities. The usual civic supervision, working partly through its women’s club and civic club. Co-operates with the public schools, making can- vasses when necessary to insure attendance. Made several studies of the con- ditions in the tobacco factories where many young Bohemian girls work, and is carrying on a study of occupations of children between fourteen and sixteen years of age. Kindergarten has been taken over by the Public School. Has been fortunate in securing an unusual degree of neighborhood co-operation and good will. Maintains kindergarten; library; savings; music (piano); classes in English for men and women, sewing, embroidery, Bohemian industry, cooking, brass work, painting, basketry, corrective gymnastics, folk dancing; clubs for literary, civic, dramatic and social ends; Sunday concerts. Summer Work.—Play hour; open house, etc. The House secured (1908) an A. I. C. P. Milk Depot for its quarter. Excursions and picnics, vacations in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies. Residents. Women 5. Volunteers. Women 29, men 6. Head Residents. Mary A. Wells, Oct., 1894-Apr., 1898; Dr. Annie L. Langworthy, Apr., 1898-May, 1899; Clara Byrnes, May, 1899-May, 1900; Dr. Jane E. Robbins, May, 1900-May, 1904; (Mrs.) Mary Anderson Hill, May, 1904-Apr., 1907; Alice P. Gannett, Oct., 1907-. Literature. Authorized Statements. See also: Normal College Alumnae House. Ethical Rec., Vol. I, No. 2. Normal College Alumnae House, Clara Byrnes in special issue of Alumnae News, April, 1899 — Bureau of Labor Statistics State of New York. Eighteenth Annual Report, 1900. Part ii, pp. 307-313 — Alumnae Settlement House. Commons, vi, No. 68 (Mar., 1902) — Sayles, Mary B.: Settlement Workers and Their Work. Ill. Outlook, Ixxviii : 304-311 (Oct. 1, 1904). A Harvest Festival. Char. and Commons, xvii : 575 (Dec. 29, 1906). Articles by Residents. Robbins, Jane E.: Chautauqua’s Social Settlement Week. Commons, vii, No. 73 (Aug., 1902). The Bohemian Women in New York. Charities, xiii : 194-196 (Dec. 3,1904). What a Boys’ Club Teaches. Commons, ix : 274-276 (June, 1904). Music School Settlement 51 (1909), 55 (1904) Third Street. Vacation House, Newfoundland, N. J. Founded April, 1904. “ In 1894, Emilie Wagner gathered together a few children in the room of a Bowery Mission, for the purpose of teaching them to play on the piano and violin. Her success attracted the attention of women interested in the College Settlement and she was offered rooms belonging to the settlement at 95 and later 96 Rivington Street, where the work developed rapidly. In 1899 the Woman’s Auxiliary of the University Settlement asked Miss WagnerNEW YORK 219 to supervise work of a similar nature. Although Miss Wagner’s classes bore the name Music School of the College and University Settlements, they were at no time maintained by these settlements, but by funds contributed through the efforts of the women’s committees. As the work outgrew the rooms provided by the two settlement committees, the committees united in 1900, establishing the classes in a small house at 31 Rivington Street. In 1902, with the work still growing and expenses increasing, it seemed best to sever all con- nection with the two settlements, and to form a separate board of management. This was done and the society of the Music School was incorporated in 1903.” Aims: “The school is not primarily an effort to make a musician out of anyone who may wander in, nor is it an attempt to thrust music education upon those who neither care for it nor have talent for it. It appeals to those who, desiring to procure that cultural training which comes from well-directed music study, are limited in their opportunity to secure it. By providing excellent instruction in all branches of music and well-organized courses of study, as well as the oppor- tunity to hear and to participate in good music, the School offers a unique ad- vantage to a great number of adults and children, who cannot otherwise secure it. The principal aim then is to permit those who love music to find means for self-expression in it, to stimulate love for it, to place it in the home as a cultural investment of the best kind; to assist all those who enter the School as students to gain this valuable life possession and to lead no one astray into the profession of music who is not gifted with sufficient talent and industry to accomplish the long-continued necessary work which such a choice of profession imposes.” Neighborhood. The lower East Side. The pupils are Russians, Germans, Roumanians, Italians, Hungarians, English, Irish, etc. Maintains music library; book library; orchestra; junior orchestra; instruction in piano, violin, cello, harmony, theory ensemble, voice, choral work; numerous recitals, concerts, lectures on musical subjects, etc. The social work includes much neighborhood and other visiting; penny provident bank; medical work; employment; clubs interested in debating, city history, civics, art and literature; dances and socials. Summer Work.— Playground and garden; picnics and excursions; vacations at the vacation house and in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies. Former Locations. Chatham Sq., 1894; College Settlement, 95 and 96 Riving- ton St.; University Settlement, Jan., 1899; 42 Orchard St., Fall, 1900; 31 Rivington St., Fall, 1901. For several years the house maintained a branch at Union Settlement. Residents. Women 6. Head Residents (social work). Emilie Wagner, Nov., 1894-1904; (Mrs.) Mary Wines, 1904-1905; Eleanor J. Crawford, 1905-. Musical Di- rector. Thomas Tapper, 1907-1909; David Mannes, 1909-. Literature. Authorized Statements. College Settlement Report, 1895, p. 18; 1896, p. 18; 1899, p. 17; 1900; 1901 — University Settlement Report. March, 1902 — Reports of the Music School Settlement for 1902-3; 1903-4; 1904-5; 1905-6; 1906-7; 1907-8; 1908-9 — Numbers of Music School Quarterly, No. 1, Dec. 15, 1906; No. 2, April, 1907 — Pamphlets. Outlining courses of study, etc., etc. See also: Gilder, Rich- ard Watson: Art Brought Into the Lives of Wage Earners (New York Music School Settlement). Charities, xiii *.417-420 (Feb. 4, 1905) — Mighels, P. V.: Music School Settlement. Harper's M., iii: 832 (Nov., 1905) — Tapper, Thomas: Music and the East Side Children. Outlook, Feb. 22, 1908, p. 426 ff. — Potter, Mary K.: Perhaps Joachims To Be. Boston Transcript, Mar. 30,1910.220 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS People's Three Art School (Center) 240^ Houston Street Founded April, 1907, by Emilie Wagner (who began the Music Settlement in New York City) “to enable children specially talented in music, art, and the drama to secure a good education at the smallest financial expenditure.” Neighborhood. Lower East Side. Maintains classes in violin, cello, piano, singing, harmony, orchestra, dramatics, and painting. Former Locations. 68 Norfolk Street, April 1907-8; 140-142 Orchard Street, April 1908-1910. Head Worker. Emilie Wagner, Apr., 1907 (founded Music School in 1894). Literature. Pipes of Pan, Vol. I, No. 1 (Dec., 1908). Published at the settlement. Social Centers of THE Political Equality Association THE HARLEM CLUB 84 East i nth Street Established January, 1910, by Mrs. O. H. P. Belmont and Nettie A. Podell “for neighborhood work, and propaganda for equal suffrage.” Main- tained by the Political Equality Association. Neighborhood. The upper East Side; a densely populated tenement quarter. The people are largely Jews and Italians. Maintains library and reading room; classes in embroidery, basketry, folk dancing, public speaking, civics, city history; current events; literary and debating societies; dances; weekly meetings to discuss equal suffrage. Volunteers. Women 1, men 5. Superintendent. Nettie A. Podell, 1910-. Literature. The Political Settlement. Survey, xxiv : 279-280 (May 14, 1910). WAGE-EARNERS' BRANCH 196 East Broadway Established May 11,1910, continuing the League organized at the David- son School (307 Henry Street) on December 29,1909. Affiliated with the Polit- ical Equality Association, February 25, 1910. Neighborhood. Lower East Side (heart of the Ghetto). Maintains bi-weekly suffrage meetings (in-door and out-door); library; classes in public speaking, citizenship, current topics, practical sociology, dancing, and music; fort- nightly concerts and informal receptions; afternoon clubs for children. Summer Work.— Excursions, swimming class, and trips. Organizer. Bertha Ryshpan, 1910-. Recreation Rooms and Settlement 186 and 188 Chrystie Street Established 1899, by the Council of Jewish Women, “to provide a place where young women can spend their evenings amid wholesome surroundings.”NEW YORK 221 “Although our main energies have always been devoted to evening work, we have from the first thrown open our rooms to little girls in the afternoons, and asked mothers and fathers ... to our parents* meetings, and we have . . . . established a club for young men, ... we are looked upon as part of the family life of the neighborhood/* (1905.) Neighborhood. “The neighborhood has undergone a gradual change in its needs and nationality since the house was opened. 11 was then almost entirely Jewish, but many of the more prosperous families, and the younger generation as they have married have moved to the suburbs, and in the places left vacant, the newly arrived Italian immigrants have come, and they are crowding the Jews out/* Maintains. “ Fully as important as the routine work which the settlement carries on, is the hope that through these agencies and not because of them, we can set a better standard of living and civic responsibility. In order to counteract some of the influence of the neighborhood dance halls our associated clubs are running a series of weekly dances properly supervised and meeting to a large extent the recreational needs of many of our young men and women. “We have organized a group of mothers, who we hope will act as a cooperative body, and in that way will make a closer bond between the parents, the children and the house. “We realize our limitations in trying to be a neighborhood force in an immigrant group where the overcrowding is so great, but we pursue our work in the house with no less vigor. We cannot hope to re-create the life of this neighborhood, but we can offer an attractive center where the young people can meet and where our classes in sewing, em- broidery, millinery, cooking, housekeeping, dancing and story telling, and our girls, boys and young women’s dramatic, history, literary, social, and civic clubs, our library, play- ground and game room, and a course of lectures and concerts, are meeting a real present need/* Former Locations. 76 Orchard St. Residents. Women 4. Volunteers. Women 39, men 11. Head Residents. Dr. Bertha F. Lubitz; Anna Reed, 1910-. Literature. Year Books. Richmond Hill House (Formerly West Side Branch of the University Settlement, Nov., 1900-June, 1903) 28 McDougal Street (1902-). Residents* Flat, 162 Sullivan Street (1905-) Established November, 1900, by the University Settlement Society, “for the good of the neighborhood, the Americanizing of the Italians and the study of their industrial, social and educational problems.*’ In June, 1903, the council of the University Settlement decided to discontinue the work; and in September an independent association was formed of members of the council and residents, which renamed the work The Richmond Hill House. Incorporated November, 1903. Neighborhood. “There is a large increase in the population of the neighborhood due to the increase of six story tenements built on the sites of the three story houses of a few years ago. The district is now completely Italian, the chief portion of the population coming from north and central Italy. The strong race feeling that exists in Italy between the Italians of different provinces and which usually persists after their arrival in this country is forgotten when they meet in the settlement/’ (1907.)222 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Activities. Has rendered service in keeping up sanitary standards. Had a part in securing advanced child labor legislation, in retaining the essential features of the tenement house law, in enforcing factory, sanitary and the compulsory school laws. Secured kindergartens for its district, and was instrumental in bringing about the opening of an afternoon play center. A study of the artistic handicrafts commercially possible for Italians led to the develop- ment of “La Scuola d’Industrie Italiane,” a school of fine lace making, now self- supporting and independent. Maintains kindergarten; resident district nurse and first aid room; savings; library; exhibit of paintings; classes in carpentry, wood carving, clay modeling, drawing, sewing, bead work, and folk dancing; clubs for women, young people and children with dramatic, social and literary aims; dances, parties, socials and entertainments. Summer Work.—Backyard playground; camp (Long Island) for young men and boys; baths for children; flower distributions; vacations through Fresh Air agencies. Former Location. 38 King St., Nov., 1900-1903. Residents. Women 7. Volunteers. Women 13, men 4. Head Residents. (Mrs.) Edith Thomas, 1900-1901; (Mrs.) R. Y. Fitz-Gerald, 1901-1904; (Mrs.) Elizabeth Holmes Haight, 1904-1905; Elizabeth R. Barthelow, and Elizabeth Romer, 1905-. Literature. Authorized Statements. University Settlement Reports, 1901- 1902 — Richmond Hill House Report, May, 1904, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1909. See also: West Side Branch of the University Settlement. Commons, Nov., 1902, p. 15 — Scuola d’Industrie Italiane. Char, and Commons, xv : 512 (Jan. 20, 1906). Riverside House 259 (1893-) West 69th Street. Residents’ apartments, 233 West 68th Street (Oct., 1910-), 231 West 69th Street (Dec., 1910-) Established January, 1892, by Harvey E. Fish and others, as a club for boys and girls, and developed into a neighborhood center. Aims “to develop and maintain a center of good influence in the neighborhood.’’ Incorporated 1893. Maintained by the income of baths and by subscriptions. Neighborhood. Upper West Side, a mixed factory and tenement quarter. The people, once Irish and German, are in large part Italian. Activities. Turned over its library (begun in 1894) to the New York Free Library Association in 1898. The building at 259 West Sixty-ninth Street (erected 1893) was equipped with a system of cleansing and remedial baths, and for many years this form of social service has been carried on under the leader- ship of Dr. Simon Baruch. In the general city agitation for free baths Dr. Baruch has been a powerful factor, and the Riverside equipment has served as a model and object lesson. Maintains public baths; kindergarten; penny provident bank; classes in cooking, sewing, embroidery, shirtwaist making, folk dancing, English for Italians, literature, dramatics, basketry, gymnastics, piano and chorus, play hour; clubs for young women and girls, young men and boys; socials, entertainments, etc. Summer Work.—Roof garden, picnics and excursions. Former Locations. 50 West End Ave., Jan., 1892-1893; 261 W. 69th St., 1897- 1898.NEW YORK 223 Residents. Women 2. Volunteers. Women 24, men 3. Head Residents. Mr. Comstock, 1892-1896; John F. Harold, 1896-1900; S. G. Lindholm, 1900-1905; Mr. Guthrie, 1905-1906; Helen M. Hall, 1906-Fall, 1910; Jeanne Cassard, 1910-. Literature. Authorized Articles. Annual reports, pamphlets and circulars. See also: Betts, Lillian W.: New York’s Social Settlements (Riverside Association). Outlook, li : 684 (Apr. 27, 1895) — Bureau of Labor Statistics, State of New York. Eigh- teenth Annual Report, 1900. Part II, pp. 329-334 — Group Clubs of Boys. Commons, July, 1897. Speyer School Settlement 94 Lawrence Street Established in 1902, by Columbia University through the gift of James Speyer, long connected with the University Settlement, “to offer exem- plary elementary education. In this respect, it furnishes to the students of Teachers’ College, opportunity for observation and practice, and for the various departments of that institution it supplies a field for working out advanced methods of instruction. The school endeavors, further, to interest all the members of the families represented in the broader phases of education. By ad- vanced classes, clubs and open meetings, it strives to make the schoolhouse a social center for the entire neighborhood. These supplementary features are called ‘extension work.’” Neighborhood. The school is in Manhattanville on the upper West Side. The people are largely of Irish and German extraction, with a sprinkling of other immigrant peoples. Activities. The experiment has shown what the social use of the public school might very well mean. Maintains in addition to the model school of the Teachers’ College, a library and reading room, resident nurse, penny provident bank, daily play hour, gymnasium; classes in garment making, cooking and housekeeping, millinery, embroidery, home nursing and hygiene, gymnastics, dancing, business English; clubs for women, young people and chil- dren; free lectures monthly, various entertainments, etc. Residents. Women 10. Volunteers. Thirty college students use the school as a practice field—hardly “volunteers.” Head Residents. Mr. and Mrs. Jesse Burkes, 1902-1903; Ernest Farrington, 1903-1904; Mr. and Mrs. Howard Woolston, 1904-1906; Bailey B. Burritt, 1906-1907; Amy Schussler, 1907-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Teachers* College Ree., Nov., 1902; Jan., 1903; June, 1904 — Speyer News, passim. See also: Settlement and School in New Combination. Commons, vi, No. 68 (Mar., 1902) — Speyer School, New York City. Commons, ix : 328 (July, 1904) — The Social Work of the Schools. Char, and Commons, xv : 247 (Nov. 18, 1905) — Woolston, Florence: A Fraternity of Wage-Earning Girls. Char, and Commons, xv : 892 (Mar. 17, 1906). The Teachers’ House 9 Montgomery Street Established, 1906, by Julia Richman, district superintendent of public schools. “The Teachers* House is not a settlement. It is not open to the224 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS neighborhood. It is a social center for the teachers of the day or evening schools of the neighborhood. It was established in order to demonstrate the following theories: i. That the school is the natural social center of a congested district. 2. That the teacher is the natural social worker in such a district. 3. That the teacher is responsible for the detection of all social as well as mental and physical needs of the individual child in her charge. 4. That the school through its teachers must extend its socializing influence into the homes, so as to remove all influences tending to interfere with the best development of the child/’ Activities. “The residents, besides Miss Richman, originally were all teachers in the neighboring schools. Later three social workers were admitted to residence. Two of these workers are special home and school visitors, and one is a placement agent, who finSs suitable employment for the boys and girls leaving the schools of the district to become wage-earners. Occasionally, employment is found for an adult whose children are suffering because of non- employment of the wage-earner of the family. “Social life in the house takes the form of conferences of groups of princi- pals or teachers or other educators for the purpose of devising new means for bettering child-life; of social gatherings of large groups of teachers; of small dinner or luncheon parties; and of receptions to enable principals to meet individual educators of note. A tremendous amount of good feeling toward school officials has developed among the teachers due to the intimacy of such social intercourse. “No service is required of residents excepting at the time of social gather- ings. Committees of teachers or principals look after the details of the social functions. After four years of existence the general results achieved are these: 1. The establishment of most cordial relations among the entire teaching force of the district. 2. A keen realization on the part of the individual teacher as to his or her social obligations to the children and to the neighborhood. 3. The development and extension of a beautiful social spirit in school work, resulting in the recognition of the rights and needs of the individual child. 4. The introduction or extension of many school reforms making for child betterment—chief among them being: Special treatment of the delinquent. Classes for over-age children. Classes for mentally and physically deficient children. An attempt to make the course of study fit the child. Milk and cracker luncheons for some of the children. Parents' Day in each school. Close connection with relief and children’s aid movements. Systematic collection of children’s clothing from the prosperous for the benefit of the poorest.” Head Resident. Julia Richman, 1906-. Literature. Article in Tbe Commons, ix : 327-328 (July, 1904) — A School Teachers’ Settlement. Charities, xii : 740 (July 16, 1904).NEW YORK 225 Union Settlement 235 (1899), 237 (1905), 239-241 (1897), 243 (1899) East 104th Street; 242 (1905), 244 (1907), 246 (1904), 248 (1905) East 105th Street; Northeast Corner 104th and 1st Ave. (1904) Vacation House, East Moriches (House-by-the-Sea), Long Island. Farm, Winsted, Conn. Camp Nathan Hale, Huntington, Long Island Established May 26, 1895, by the Alumni Club of Union Theological Seminary (Union Settlement Association). Aims "to maintain a settlement in New York City for the assertion and application in the spirit of Jesus Christ, of the principles of brotherhood along the lines of educational, social, civic and religious well-being.” Incorporated April 16, 1902, "to afford men and women the opportunity to make their homes in crowded neighborhoods and live there, laboring intelligently for the needs of their locality, and co-operating in every way possible with the religious and philanthropic work already carried on there.” Maintained by an association, with varying dues, and by voluntary subscription. Neighborhood. The upper East Side of New York, from 96th to 116th Street, and from the East River to Fifth Avenue. The territory is constantly growing more con- gested, and tall tenements are replacing the smaller dwelling houses and tenements of a decade ago. The neighbors, Irish, German and American in 1895, are being swept be- fore an influx of Italians and Jews, who have now practically pre-empted the territory. Activities. I. Investigations.—Assisted the Tenement House Com- mittee and the Charity Organization Society to gather material for its exhibit (1899); made special studies of tenement hallways for the Housing Commission (1900); assisted the Federation of Churches in its sociological canvass (1897); made several special studies into labor conditions for the Consumers’ League; and conducted a study of the movements of population in the neighborhood (1907). Students of the Union Theological Seminary and Columbia University have carried on investigations with the advice and under the direction of the settlement. (See Literature.) A study of midwifery was carried on in co- operation with the Committee on Public Health of the Association of Neigh- borhood Workers, and a law has been obtained committing to the department of health the regulation and supervision of the practice of midwifery. II. Efforts for District Improvements, (i) Housing.—A number of informal studies of neighborhood housing conditions have been made in co- operation with the various housing commissions; much informal work in study- ing and reporting violations of the law. A special study was made for the Tene- ment House Commission on the lighting of halls at night; reports prepared regarding alleged prostitution in tenement houses, etc. (2) Streets and Refuse.—The head resident became local chairman of the City Vigilance League (1895), through which organization various sanitary and civic improvements were secured. Co-operation has been maintained with the department of street cleaning; and (in co-operation with the Association of Neighborhood Workers) the commissioner was persuaded to place cans in the streets as receptacles for newspapers, fruit skins, etc. Investigations of the226 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS pushcart situation have been made for the Commissioner of Immigration in the hope of some regulation. (3) Recreation.—Maintained a public playground from 1896 to 1903 which was developed to a high state of efficiency by securing the co-operation of the department of education; was instrumental in inducing the city to purchase the ground for a public playground (1906). The nine yards of the settlement house have been thrown together for use as a playground, thus supplementing the public play space of the neighborhood. From time to time has secured the temporary use of vacant lots for playgrounds and athletic fields; has had a part in the general city-wide campaign for more parks and playgrounds. The head resident served on the Mayor’s Playground Commission (1909). Has carried on systematic inspection of motion picture shows; and from time to time has investigated dance halls and other recreational features of the neighbor- hood. Working Men’s Club was instrumental in closing certain vicious resorts. (4) Public Schools.—The head resident was made chairman of the local board of school inspectors (1897), and was instrumental in securing temporary school accommodations for several thousand children pending the erection of permanent buildings; and in increasing the general efficiency of the school system in the district. Two residents have served on the local school board, and one as the president of the board (1910). The settlement library is used for reference by pupils and teachers; and a study room is maintained. Some home and school visiting is carried on by residents. (5) Health.—Carried on a city-wide study of midwifery in co-operation with the Nurses’ Settlement. The head resident served on the Mayor’s Hospital Commission (1909). Active co-operation has been maintained with the Asso- ciation of Tuberculosis Clinics (of which the head worker was an organizer), and other agencies in the fight against tuberculosis. District nursing has been carried on, in co-operation with Henry Street Settlement, the work of eight nurses being directed at the settlement. An infant-feeding station has been maintained. A resident gives special attention to the sick; co-operates with hospitals and gives special medical educational work, and sanitary supervision of contagious diseases. III. Local Institutional Improvement. The settlement was instru- mental in securing a public playground. A public bath was located in the neighborhood through the efforts of the settlement in organizing public sentiment. IV. General Propaganda. The head resident serves as Lecturer in Applied Christianity and Director of Student Work at Union Theological Seminary. Through the interest of the settlement the Seminary has for five years conducted a Quiet Day for social workers on Lincoln’s Birthday with a view to interpreting the religious significance of the social movement. The head resident also serves as a staff lecturer of the School of Philanthropy; and has organized extension lectures on social questions for church workers. Residents serve on various Boards and have taken an active part in preparing the Congestion Exhibit (1908), and the Child Welfare Exhibit (1911). The head resident has served for several years as president of the Association of Neighborhood Workers and chairman of the Committee on Legislation.NEW YORK 227 Maintains penny savings; public library; resident nursing service (co-operation Henry Street Settlement); educational sanitary service; kindergartens (co-operation New York Kindergarten Association); playground; study room; workingman’s club; gymna- sium and athletic club; classes in cooking, embroidery, basketry, sewing, dressmaking, pasting, kitchen garden, carpentry, city history, choral club, dancing; athletic classes and events; clubs for men, women, young people and children. The House provides quarters for the Church of the Son of Man in a separate building at 227 East 104th Street (1911). The Church maintains a Bible school, evening service and mid-week prayer meeting. Summer Work.—Playground; ice water fountain; outdoor concerts; picnics and excur- sions; two houses and a camp, accommodating children, boys, girls and adults, vacations and excursions in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies, resident nursing service with baby shelter and informal health work. Former Locations. 202 E. 96th St., May 26, 1895-July, 1895; 210 E. 104th St., July, 1895-Oct., 1895; five back yards formed into playground, 1900. Playground completed with nine yards in 1907. Athletic Field 101st St., Second and Third Aves., Aug. 10, 1896. Acquired by City for Playground, December, 1906. Athletic Club and Gymnasium, 23 5X E. 100th St., 1897-1902; 205-7 E. 101st St., 1902-1903; 205-7 E. 99th St., 1903-1904. Religious Work, 176 E. 106th St. 1897; 1915 Third Ave., 1897; 248 E. 104th St., 1898-1899. Residents. Women 17, men 9. Volunteers. Women 56, men 12. Head Residents. William E. McCord, May 26, 1895-Apr., 1901. Gaylord S. White, May, 1901-. Literature. I. Authorized Statements. Circulars. Obtained at Settlement — White, Gaylord S.: A Brief History and Report of the Seventh Year of the Work. Ill. Dec., 1902 — The Summer Work of the Union Settlement in 1903. Ill. Pamphlet — Corbett, Charles H.: The Union Settlement. Contains a careful study of the neighborhood. November, 1907 — For Summer Work. Series of separate bulletins. See: 1901, 1902, 1903, 1906, 1907. See also: Union Settlement. City Mission M., July, 1895 — Betts, Lillian W.: New York’s Social Settlements (Union Settlement). Outlook, Ii .*684 (Apr. 27, 1895) — Union Seminary Settlement. Outlook, Feb. 29, 1896 — Union Seminary Settle- ment. Commons, Apr., 1896, p. 9 — Union Settlement Bulletin. Issued by the Settlement. Nos. 1 and 2, Oct., 1896, and May, 1897 — Articles in the Evangelist, Nov. 28, 1895, Dec. 23, 1897 — Bureau of Labor Statistics, State of New York. Eighteenth Annual Report, 1900. Part II, pp. 3$5“359 — Hiram House Life, ii : 3 (Nov., 1900) — Description of a summer visit to Union. The Neighbor, Sept., 1901. II. Articles or Social Studies by Residents. Jones, Thomas Jesse: The Sociology of a New York Block. (Edited by the Faculty of Political Science in Columbia University) Stud, in Hist., Econ. and Pub. Law, xxi -.2 (1904) — White, Gaylord S.: The Upper East Side, Its Neglect and Its Needs. Charities, xii : 748-751 (July 16, 1904). Legislation Opposed by New York Social Workers. Commons, ix : 144 (1904). The Social Settlement After Twenty-five Years. Harvard Theological Rev., ix : 48-70 (Jan., 1911). The University Settlement (Formerly Neighborhood Guild) 184 Eldridge Street (1898-) Established August, 1886, by Dr. Stanton Coit, who stimulated by a short residence at Toynbee Hall in January and February, 1886, took up residence on the lower East Side in a tenement on Forsyth Street. The228 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Neighborhood Guild was formed in 1887, and in May, 1891, the guild was reorganized as the University Settlement Society. Aims “ to bring men and women of education into closer relations with the laboring classes in this city, for their mutual benefit. The society shall establish and maintain in the tenement house districts places of residence for college men and others desirous of aiding in the work, with rooms where the people of the neighborhood may meet for social and educational purposes.”—Constitution. Incorporated March, 1892. Neighborhood. Lower East Side, New York City. The people are largely immigrant Jews. Activities. I. Investigations. Has carried on for many years socio- logical studies into different phases of East Side life. These studies have been published from time to time in the University Settlement Studies, in special pam phlets and in magazines. Data have also been gathered for special legisla- tive or other committees. Among such special studies were those conducted into Unemployment (1894) in co-operation with the College Settlement; educational statistics for the Tenement House Commission (1894); data for the Reinhard Committee, concerning the condition of working women (1895); study of the medical status of the East Side (1896); a study of eviction cases in co-operation with the College Settlement and the Nurses' Settlement (1897); study of the East Side benefit societies (1898); study of recreation features of the East Side (1899); data gathered for the Tenement House Commission of 1900, of which commission the head worker was a member, etc., etc. II. Efforts for District Improvement, (i) Housing.—Work for better housing began in 1886, and has continued ever since. Dr. Coit organized a sanitary section of the Social Reform Club, the members of which reported the conditions among which they lived. Residents from time to time did intensive work in studying and following up violations of the law. Special testimony was given before the Commission of 1894-5; again in 1900; and the experience of the settlement has been valuable in securing and defending the present law. (2) Streets and Refuse.—One of the first forms of public activity undertaken by the Guild Club was an effort to keep the streets about the Guild House clean (1899). When the street cleaning department was reorganized under Colonel Waring, the settlement undertook to patrol the most difficult section of the city, and with the aid of residents and club members made regular reports to the com- missioner. The head resident became general superintendent of the Children’s Street Cleaning League, and a resident was made inspector. Another resident later became a sanitary inspector for six months, and did valuable educational work in the district. Supported (1895) the bill against the truck nuisance. The co-operation between the house and the city departments has been continuous. One resident has participated in several conferences on street cleaning, one of which secured the placing of refuse boxes on street corners by the commissioner of street cleaning. (3) Play Spaces.—Mr. Stover, one time head worker, has been most active since 1887 in the effort to secure play spaces in the city; and his work has been aNEW YORK 229 factor of great importance in obtaining the present equipment of playgrounds. The house has co-operated in various ways with the several organizations and movements working for East Side playgrounds. In 1896 the mayor appointed the head resident chairman of a committee empowered to locate two parks on the lower East Side. The appointment of Mr. Stover in 1910 as Park Commissioner of the city of New York is a recognition of his contribution to the park movement and his unusual ability to fill such an office. (4) Public Schools.—Three residents (C. B. Stover, James K. Paulding, and James B. Reynolds) served as school trustees during their residence. Through this service an active influence for school improvement was started. Supported the bill to abolish school trustees. Its kindergarten, organized in 1887, still supplements the public education of the district. Through conferences with teachers the settlement has tried to give something of the settlement mes- sage to those doing the actual school work; has been constant in its agitation for adequate facilities for all scholars, for evening centers, and for a broadened curriculum. (5) Labor.—The settlement has from time to time aided in the organiza- tion of new unions; provided help and council in just strikes; used every en- deavor to further arbitration; and brought about conferences between employers and working men to discuss labor and economic questions. For many years it rented its halls to individual unions and to the Central Federated Union. Pro- tested against the sweating system in every possible way. For some years co- operated with the unions in searching out and closing sweat shops. As a result of knowledge of labor conditions certain recommendations made by Mr. Reynolds were incorporated in the factory laws. Worked for the Mercantile Inspection Bill (1894-5) an<3 furnished all the aid in its power for other laws regulating the hours and conditions of labor of men, women and children. (6) Politics.—The early clubs were stimulated to protest against corrupt candidates, and residents have endeavored to awaken an enlightened public opinion in the various good government campaigns. The settlement allied itself with various organized efforts,—the City Vigilance League, Good Government clubs, etc. Mr. Reynolds was a member of the Committee of Seventy, in 1894, chairman of the executive committee of the Citizens’ Union in 1897, and ^ater chairman of important sub-committees. Residents have appeared frequently before the legislative committees in support of measures looking toward the betterment of political conditions. Perhaps the best service of the house has been the training in citizenship given its boys and girls, as a result of which the settlement now looks with pride on the excellent records of a number of its young men in various branches of public service. (7) Economic.—Various efforts to ameliorate suffering in the several sea- sons of industrial depression of the last twenty-five years (1893-4, I9°o, 1907-8). It presented the facts to the public, and was able to be of assistance to certain needy friends who were unwilling to appeal to the public charities. In 1893 a co-operative service in dairy products was attempted. Houses a branch of the Provident Loan Society (1901-).230 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS (8) Transportation.—One of the clubs carried on a successful campaign to better the very poor street car service of its district. The settlement was one of several agencies through whose efforts an elevated loop in Delancey Street for the Williamsburg Bridge was prevented. (9) Moral.—Co-operated in bringing about the passage of the juvenile court law, and provided the first volunteer probation officers in the state (1901). Maintained a paid probation service until the work was assumed by the city. In its studies it pointed out the evil to young children of the disgraceful moral conditions in its section, and in a number of cases collected evidence which closed certain houses of a notorious type. Led in an agitation for abolishing street walking in Second Avenue, and organized a committee which secured the mini- mization of this evil by the police. (10) Testimony before State and National Committees and Legislative Bodies.—Residents have frequently appeared before committees of legislative bodies to help good bills or to protest against those detrimental to public welfare. III. Local Institutional Improvement. Maintained a kindergarten from 1887-1909 and housed another; a public library from 1887 t0 !9°5, when its service was finally taken over by the city; public baths since 1898; public halls in its own building, besides co-operating in securing Clinton Hall; public art exhibits, public lectures and concerts; houses the Provident Loan Society, and provided room for the Legal Aid Society for many years, etc. IV. General Propaganda. Has kept the needs of its quarter before the public, and has had a share in bringing about the present human way of regard- ing such crowded industrial quarters as the East Side. Started the present Richmond Hill House, 1900-1903; assisted the Harlem Guild (discontinued), and stimulated self-supporting organizations on the East Side and elsewhere. Maintains kindergarten; public bath; penny provident bank; gymnasium and athletic association; choral societies, orchestras, and concerts for children and adults; public lectures; meeting place of various organizations, educational, beneficial, labor, and social; classes in sewing, dancing, cultural subjects, etc., etc. Many clubs of men and women, young people, and children for various objects, musical, dramatic, athletic, social, etc. Summer Work.—Club work; roof garden and gymnasium; morning mass club for children; distribution of flowers; gardening, vacation houses, boys’ camp, girls’ house, children’s house, independent vacation trips by clubs, etc. Former Locations. 146 Forsyth St., Aug., 1886-1889; 147 Forsyth St., Autumn, 1889-1892; 340 Cherry St., Jan., 1889-July, 1890; 26 Delancey St., Winter, 1892-3- 1898; 200 Eldridge St. (The Annex), 1896-1898. The West Side Branch. 38 King St., Oct., 1900-1904; 28 McDougal St., 1901-1904. Residents. Men 12. Volunteers. Women 83, men 54. Head Residents. Stanton Coit, Aug., 1886-July, 1888, Winter of 1892, Winter and Spring of 1893; Charles B. Stover, Aug., 1887-1891; John McG. Goodale, 1891; James K. Paulding, 1892; James B. Reynolds, May 1, 1894-Jan. 1, 1902; Robert Hunter, Apr., 1902-1903; James H. Hamilton, 1903-Aug. 15, 1909; Robbins Gilman, Aug. 15, 1909-. Literature. 1. Authorized Statements. Reports (containing papers on special investigations by residents), catalogues, etc. — Stover, Charles B.: Neighborhood Guild in New York. In Arnold Toynbee, Johns Hopkins Press, Baltimore — Coit,NEW YORK 231 Stanton: Neighborhood Guilds; An Instrument of Social Reform. London, Swan, Sonnen- schein and Co., 1891. Reviewed by Edward King, in Char. Rev., i : 77-86. See also: Moore, Helen: Tenement Neighborhood Idea. In Literature of Philanthropy, New York, Harper Brothers — University Settlement Society. Critic, June 20 and Dec. 19, 1891 — Williams, M. C.: University Settlement. Harper*s W., Aug. 15, 1891 — Char. Rev., Dec., 1891 — Tournier, Wilton: University Settlement Society. Christian Work, March 16, 1893 — Gentlemen in the Tenement House District. Harper*s W., July 8, 1893 — University Settlement. Lend a Hand, xii : 204 (Mar., 1894) — Gilder, Joseph B.: The University Settlement. Harper*s W., May 4, 1895 — Late A. C. Bernheim and New York Picture Exhibitions. Rev. of Rev., Sept., 1895 — Betts, Lillian W.: New York’s Social Settlements (University Settlement). Outlook, li : 684 (April 27, 1895) — University Settlement. Critic, xxvii : 102 (Feb. 6, 1897) — Brown, William Adams: Union East Side Settlements. Independent, xlix : 1691 (Dec. 23, 1897) — New Social Science Put Into Practice. Harper*s Ba{., xxx : 1088 (Dec. 25, 1897) — Gilder, Richard Watson: The University Settlement and Good Citizenship. Address delivered at the annual meeting of the University Settlement Society, January 29, 1897 — University Settlement Society Report. Pub. Opin., xxviii : 589 (May 10, 1900) — Todd, Charles Burr: Social Settle- ments in New York City. Guntoris, xix : 166-175 (August, 1900) — University Settle- ment, New York. Editorial notes. Charities, viii : 179, 289, 381, 473 (1902) — Johnston, Bertha: My Summer in the New York Settlement Kindergarten. Kindergarten M., Sept., 1902 — Art Exhibition at the University Settlement, New York. Charities, xii : 433-434 (Apr. 30, 1904) — Move to Abolish East Side Horse Cars. Char, and Commons, xvi : 142 (Apr. 28, 1906) — Pink, Louis Heaton: The Boys Club in Civic Work. Char, and Com- mons, xvii : 685-686 (Jan. 12, 1907) — East Side Life at Its Source. Char, and Commons, xix : 1074-1075 (Nov. 16, 1907). II. Social Studies by Residents and Associates (issued by the settlement). Fifteenth Annual Report, containing also reports of local investigations of The Inherent Cultural Forces of the Lower East Side, The Yiddish Stage, The Public Dance Halls of the Lower East Side, Child Ethics in the Street and Settlement, Police Court Probation Work, Trade Unions and the Settlement, and Tendencies in East Side Boys’ Clubs. University Settlement Studies, i, No. 2 — Weyl, Walter E.: Immi- gration and Industrial Saturation. Blaustein, David: The People of the East Side before Emigration and after Immigration. Walling, W. E.: What the People of the East Side Do — University Settlement Studies, i, Nos. 3 and 4 — Betts, Lillian W.: The Italian in New York. Durland, Kellogg, and Sessa, Louis: The Italian Invasion of the Ghetto. Sakolski, Aaron: The Evolution of the Clothing Factory. Parmalee, Maurice F.: The Bakers of the East Side. Hamilton, James H.: Is the Settlement a Permanent Institution. Wald, Lillian D.: District Nursing. Cronin, John H.: Medical Inspection of the Schools. Rogers, Lena L.: School Nursing in New York City — University Settlement Studies, ii, No. 3 — Bernheimer, Charles S.: Jewish Immigration. Wald- man, Morris D.: Artificial Distribution of Immigrants. Sabsovich, H. L.: Lessons of the Jewish Agricultural Exhibition. Sakolski, A. M.: The Smaller Industries of the Lower East Side. Aronovici, C.: Italian Immigration — University Settlement Studies, iii, No. 2. Supplement. Pink, Louis H.: Old Tenements and the New Law — University Settlement Studies (1910). bernheimer, Charles S.: The Shirtwaist Strike. III. Articles or Social Studies by Residents. Bernheimer, Charles S.: New York Street Cleaning Department and the East Side. Char, and Commons, xviii : 450 (July 27, 1907). Jewish Residents of Lower East Side Block. American Hebrew, Aug. 9, 1907. Jewish Activities at the University Settlement. Hebrew Standard, Jan. 3, 1908. Rent Strikes and Crowded Neighborhoods. Outlook, lxxxviii : 128-30 (Jan. 18, 1908). High Rents on New232 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS York's East Side. Char, and Commons, xix : 1403-1404 (Jan. 18, 1908). Social Settle- ments and New York's Lower East Side. Char, and Commons, xx : 727-729 (Sept. 26, 1908). The Jewish Immigrant as an Industrial Factor. Ann. Amer. Acad, of Pol. and Soc. Sci., March, 1909. Hamilton, James H.: The New York Excise Question. Commons, ix : 55 (1904). Preventive Social Work, Report of Speech on. Charities, xiii : 165 (Nov. 19,1904). University and Social Settlements. Nelson's Enclycopedia. The School Chil- dren's Lunch Room. Char, and Commons, xx : 400-402 (June 20, 1908) — McLean, Francis: A Guild for Social Work and Its Message to the Settlements. Commons, xiii, No. 88 (Nov., 1903) — Mussey, Henry R.: The Fake Instalment Business. Pamphlet. N. Y., University Settlement Society, 1903 — Stokes, J. G. Phelps: Relation of Settle- ment Work to the Evils of Poverty. Internal. Journ. of Ethics, xi : 340 (April, 1901). Civic Centers, Their Importance and Utility to the Citizen. Commons, viii, No. 84 (July, 1903) — Public Schools as Social Centers. Ann. Amer. Acad, of Pol. and Soc. Sci., xxiii (May, 1904) — Walling, William English: The New Unionism. The problem of the Un- skilled Worker. Ann. Amer. Acad, of Pol. and Soc. Sci., xxiv : 2 (Sept., 1904). The Move- ment for Neighborhood Social Halls. Commons, May, 1904, p. 193-198. Warren Goddard House (Formerly Friendly Aid Settlement) 246 (1898-), 248 (1895-) East Thirty-fourth Street; 325 East Thirty-fifth Street (1907-). Summer Home, Spring Farm, Green’s Farms, Conn. (1899-) Established December, 1898, as an outgrowth of social and neighborhood work begun in October, 1893, by the Friendly Aid Society under the auspices of All Souls’ Unitarian Church. Name changed in 1902 as a memorial to Warren Goddard. I ncorporated 1901. Neighborhood. The middle East Side. The tone of the neighborhood is given by the Irish who number from one-third to one-half of the population, while their social and political rule is undisputed. The Italians number perhaps one-fourth of the popula- tion; and the growing second generation of young people is profoundly affected for the worse by the family disorganization which follows immigration. There are some Jews, who are without special significance in the quarter. The controlling religious organization is St. Gabriel's Church, and the whole district may be considered its parish, though there are three Episcopal organizations which have prominent places in the district. There are several prominent political clubs, which have great influence in the life of the people. Activities. Civic neighborhood work reaches back into the period pre- vious to residence. In the years 1896 to 1898 Norton Goddard kept a suite of rooms in a tenement in Thirty-third street, and frequently invited men there to hold club meetings or to breakfast or supper. In 1899 the Civic Club, a strong organization of men brought together by Mr. Goddard, was installed in a specially equipped clubhouse at 243 East Forty-third street. This club has continued to be public spirited and has assisted in various efforts to secure needed institutional enlargement for the district. It has also been a power in working for better and cleaner politics. The settlement secured a branch of the public library for its neighborhood and provided a playground at Thirty-fifth street in 1899. From time to time has organized groups of persons and organizations which have carried on workNEW YORK 233 for needed district reforms. Maintained oversight of several temporary centers established by interested individuals; graduated several clubs into independent existence under supervision of residents or volunteers. Owing to its central location has been able to extend the hospitality of the rooms to the Neigh- borhood Workers, People’s Singing Class, Alliance Employment Bureau, with which organization it trained young women for housework during several sum- mers, etc. Maintains kindergarten; resident nursing service; bank (collection at house and neighborhood factories); classes in sewing, physical culture, folk dancing, dolls’ dress- making, basketry, games, singing, crocheting, fancy work, dressmaking, shirtwaists, piano, cooking, housekeeping, nursing, gymnastics, drawing, modeling, carpentry; clubs for young men and women, boys and girls. Summer Work.—The house maintained a summer kindergarten for many years in co-operation with the board of education; baths; ice water fountain; roof garden; playgrounds, etc., as well as excursions, picnics and vacations in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies. It owns and maintains a farm of fifteen acres at Greens Farms, Connecticut, accommodating about 80 at a time all summer, with a boys’ camp of 25. Organized Camp Asapong, which provides for ten young men. Former Locations. 350 East 33rd St., Oct., 1893-Nov., 1895. Civic Club, 243 East 33rd St., February, 1899. Holly Club Summer Home, Hackensack, N. J., Summer, 1899. Holly Club, 202X East Thirty-third Street, 1900-1901. Two Branches.—226 East Twenty-ninth St., Oct., 1901-April, 1902; 313 East Thirty-ninth St., Dec., 1901- June, 1902. Residents. Women 8, men 2. Head Residents. Mrs. M. K. Simkhovitch, Dec., 1898-July, 1902; Mary L. Leggett, Sept., 1902-Apr. 20, 1903; Elizabeth B. Bowles, Oct., 1903-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Annual reports, bulletins and circulars — Circular—A Greeting and Statement to our Neighbors of what this Settlement pro- poses to do — All Souls’ Calendar, December, 1894, Jan., Feb., March and May, 1895. 104 East Twentieth St., New York City — Neigbborbood News, published monthly by the Friendly Aid House and the Civic Club — Memorial Volume to Warren Goddard. Friendly Aid Society, 1901. See also: Bureau of Labor Statistics State of New York. Eighteenth Annual Report, 1900. Partii, pp. 345-353 — A Model Flat in a Model Tene- ment. Char, and Commons, xix : 1074 (Nov. 16, 1907) — Neighborhood Lad Turned Play- wright. Cbar. and Commons, xix : 1074 (Nov. 16, 1907) — Kendall, Edith: Warren Goddard House. Unitarian, iii, No. 4 (April, 1908). NEW YORK CITY NEIGHBORHOOD HOUSES, MAINTAINING RELIGIOUS INSTRUCTION Amity Baptist Church and Settlement House 308-312 West 54th Street (1896-). Amity Lodge, 313 West 53rd Street (1908-) Established November, 1896, by Rev. and Mrs. Leighton Williams and Mr. and Mrs. John W. Clark, with the sanction of the trustees of Amity Baptist Church in their parish house “as an auxiliary to Amity Baptist Church; to il- lustrate true Christian living and to work for the religious and social well-being of the neighborhood.’’ “Aims: 1. The field. The ward or parish; the city; the nation; the234 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS world. To cultivate an intelligent interest in all these, founded on accurate knowledge. While cultivating a broad sympathy, world-wide in extent, to make the ward or parish the subject of immediate and thorough investigation, not only on its religious side, but in all its aspects, industrial and social as well. 2. Co-operation. To cultivate the spirit of brotherly co-operation with all ‘men of good-will/ of every creed, nationality and political affiliation, in tem- perance, municipal reform, and every other good work, along such lines as are practicable without compromise of any principle on either part. To do all work in conjunction with others wherever possible, and hence to foster all union societies. 3. The training and maintenance of workers. To gradually gather together a large force of volunteer workers, viz.: lay brothers and deaconesses, willing to give themselves to the service of others, without compensation further than the assurance of food, clothing and shelter, but without permanent vows. 4. The union of the religious and industrial forces in the salvation of mankind. To this end to heal the breach now existing. Hence we have started the Chris- tian Workingmen’s Institute for lectures, conferences and debates. 5. The education of the people, and especially the workers, in correct social and religious principles. To this end the oral instruction from pulpit and platform, the schools, kindergartens, and tract distribution.” Maintained by Amity Baptist Church and by voluntary contributions. Neighborhood. Middle West Side. The people are skilled manual workers; housed in five-story tenements. The saloons are twice as numerous as the churches. The racial complexion is largely Irish-American and German-American with a small admixture of Jews and Italians. Activities. Held the first Municipal Program Conferences, 1904-5; was instrumental in securing De Witt Clinton Park, and also in starting the Federation of the Churches in this city and state. This movement has now spread over the whole country. Helped organize New York Kindergarten Association. Maintains religious services, Bible school, and the various church activities; industrial school, with classes in sewing, carpentering, printing, etc.; dispensary and clinic; poor relief; gymnasium; Christian Workingmen’s Institute (for the discussion of social questions from a religious standpoint); choral society; boys’ club and literary society; the Amity Theological School; kindergarten; Baptist Deaconess Home; piano instruction; basket ball classes for boys and girls; Sunshine Band, King’s Daughters, etc. Amity Lodge. Residents. Women 14, men 2. Volunteers. Women 15, men 9. Head Resident. Rev. Leighton Williams, 1896-. Literature. I. Authorized Statements. Reports of Amity Mission Confer- ence — Reports of Conference of the Brotherhood of the Kingdom — Amity (church paper), first number, Oct. 19, 1898 — Clark, John W.: Amity Baptist Church: Its In- stitutions and Missions — The Open Church (April, 1897), 150 Fifth Ave., N. Y. — Year Book, 1905. See also: Tolman and Hall. Handbook of Sociological References for New York, various references. N. Y., Knickerbocker Press, 1894. The Work of Amity Church (Editorial). The Outlook, December 18, 1897. Strong, Josiah: References to, in Better New York and Social Progress. Bureau of Labor Statistics State of New York.NEW YORK 235 Eighteenth Annual Report, 1900. Part ii, pp. 365-368. II. Articles or Social Studies by Residents. Clark, John W.: The American Dinner Pail Man. Pilgrim, June, 1902. Battle Creek, Mich. Sundays in New York. Articles in The Sunday at Home, October, 1902, and February, 1903. London, Religious Tract Society. Chinatown Rescue Settlement and Recreation Room (Unde- nominational) 10 Mott Street Established. July 1, 1904, by Annette B. Boardman, Clemence L. Board- man, and Harriet E. Bard “for neighborhood work among erring girls.” In- corporated 1905. Neighborhood. Chinatown and the Bowery. The girls are American, English, German, French, Hebrew, Italian, Bohemian. They live with the Chinese and American men in Chinatown and the Bowery. Drink, ignorance, the morphine and cocaine habit, disease, the dance hall and saloon with their attendant prostitution in lodging houses and tenements,—these constitute the causes of the work. Maintains personal work with individual women and girls; visits through the district; co-operation with hospitals, rescue homes, etc.; social and religious gatherings; occasional classes in cooking and handiwork; employment bureau. Individuals are kept temporarily at the settlement until provision can be made for them elsewhere; and some go to a cottage in the country run in connection with the work. Two hundred visits a month are paid by girls to the settlement from five hundred different girls with whom the house is in contact. Residents. Women 2. Head Residents. Annette B. Boardman; Ruth Price. Literature. Annual Reports. Christodora House (Undenominational) 145 (1910-), 147 (1898-) Avenue B (Center for women’s work). 603 E. 9th Street (1903-) (Center for men’s work). Vacation House, Northover Camp, Bound Brook, N. J. Established June 24, 1897, by Miss C. I. MacColl and Sara L. Carson for “the physical, social, intellectual, and spiritual development of the people in the crowded portions of the city of New York, and the training of those who shall be in residence in practical methods of settlement work.” Neighborhood. Lower East Side. The people are Germans, Jews, Italians, etc. Maintains religious work (children’s hour, Sunday afternoon service, Bible classes, men’s meetings, week day studies in religion, etc.); penny provident bank; classes in arithmetic, English, stenography, carpentry, sewing, music; clubs for adults, young people, and children, with athletic, dramatic, literary, musical and social aims. Entertainments, lectures, concerts, plays, etc. Summer Work.—Picnics; vacations at the vacation house at Northover Camp; vacations in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies. Former Location. 163 Avenue B, July, 1897-1898. Residents. Women 9, men 4. Volunteers. Women 1, men 3. Head Resi- dent. Miss C. I. MacColl, June, 1897-. Literature. Authorized Articles: Annual reports and pamphlets. 1902-1906-236 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS 1907-1908-1909 — The Christodora (monthly), i, No. 1 (May, 1898); vii, No. 1 (June, 1907); viii, No. 1 (Nov., 1908); ix : Nov., 1909. See also: Sangster, Margaret E.: Christodora House. CongreRationalist, Mar. 2, 1899 — Lippert, Frieda E.: Christodora House Settlement. Commons, vi, No. 64 (Nov., 1901). Christodora House. Outlook, lxviii : 660 (June 20, 1902). Bureau of Labor Statistics State of New York. Eighteenth Annual Report, 1900. Part ii, pp. 388-391. Emanu-El Brotherhood Social House (Jewish) 309-311 East Sixth Street (1910-) Established 1903, by a group of men in Temple Emanu-El Congregation “ to provide a recreation center for the young people of Jewish faith in a neighbor- hood where the pernicious influence of the music halls and the operations of missionaries were a problem too vital to be ignored.” Neighborhood. The Jewish quarter of New York City. Maintains religious services; children’s religious services; children’s Hebrew classes; children’s Sunday school; library; game room; play yard; classes in stenography and sewing; social clubs for young people and children; entertainments, plays, etc. Monthly papers, The Voice, and The Brotherhood News. Former Locations. First religious work in a hall. Religious Work in Girls’ Hebrew Technical School, 15th St. and Second Ave., 1904. Social House. 316 East Fifth St., 1905-1910. Superintendents. Tobias Roth, 1905-1907; Armand Wyle, 1907-1909; Tobias Roth, 1909-. Literature. Appeals, etc. — The Voice, i, No. 1 (Jan., 1909) — Brotherhood News, i, No. 1 (June, 1910). The Gospel Settlement (Undenominational) 211 Clinton Street Established November 15, 1897, by Mrs. Sarah J. Bird, as an outgrowth of rescue mission work begun in 1896. Aims: “Our work is religious but not denominational, and our aim is through the highest standards to fortify these children to meet the temptations of every-day life, to teach them self-control, to make of them the right kind of citizens and home makers; to provide a center for higher civic and social life; to improve the condition of our neighborhood; to this end the clubs co-operate, helping the health department and street cleaning department, while the women’s club (100 members) carries out the settlement spirit by providing through its dues, coal, wood, and provisions and medicine to needy neighbors, to say nothing of the comfort and cheer through its personal interest.” Incorporated 1900. Neighborhood. The Jewish quarter of New York. The neighbors are Russian and Polish Jews, and a few Irish. Maintains various classes in religion; kindergarten; savings service; classes in kitchen garden, sewing, and city history; clubs for women, young people, and children, with social, athletic, literary, musical, debating and religious aims. Summer IVork.—Back- yard playground; vacations in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies.NEW YORK 237 Residents. Women 7. Head Resident. (Mrs.) Sarah B. Bird, 1897-. Literature. Reports, 1900, 1906, 1908 — Pamphlets (undated) — White Door Messenger (Monthly), i, No. 1 (Feb., 1906). Harlem Federation for Jewish Communal Work 238-240 East 105 th Street Established 1906, as the outgrowth of an “attempt to bring about the formation of a social center in Harlem through the co-operation of all existing Jewish organizations. The co-operation died but the movement lived." Aims “ to bring good and helpful influences into the lives of young people at the critical epoch of youth. To endeavor, by cultivating refined and healthful tastes and by deepening the sense of the sanctity of life, to help them to withstand the temptations of a less fortunate environment."—Report, 1908. Neighborhood. “Harlem is becoming the most congested center in congested Manhattan, and 100th Street east of Third Avenue, the section most overlooked. Indeed, the obligation to start this movement was forced upon its founders by disquieting reports from the schools and the neighborhood.” The people are Jews, Italians, etc. Maintains religious services, and Sunday school; playground, library and reading room; penny provident fund; game room; classes in sewing, crocheting, cooking, drawing, kindergarten occupation work; piano, singing, orchestra; clubs for young people and chil- dren with athletic, social, literary, musical and other interests; lectures, entertainments, etc. Former Location. 227 East 100th St. Residents. Women 3. Head Residents. Miss Purdell, Miss Pollock, Miss Sloame, Mr. Rodin, Mr. Robinson, Miss Salik, Miss Barnet, Mrs. Herschberg, Mrs. Wm. Hirsch, Annis S. Chaikin, 1910-. Literature. Report, 1908. Kennedy House (New Church) (Formerly New Church Settlement, 1906-Jan., 1908) 423 West 43rd Street Established December 2, 1906, by the New Church as an outgrowth of the work of the Chapel of Divine Providence " to be of service to all whom it may reach; making itself helpful both practically and spiritually; encouraging and assisting in the formation of classes and clubs which shall have an instructive, moral, and recreative value; and providing a Sunday school and chapel service for old and young. Our earnest hope is to make the work of the settlement a force in the building up of Christian character, entering into the needs of the people about us, helping them to meet these needs themselves, and bringing to them in a simple, sincere, and personal way the essential principles and practical lessons of right living." Neighborhood. The people are Germans, Italians and Irish. Maintains Sunday school and evening service; boarding home; kindergarten;* penny provident bank; sewing school; library; classes in carpentry, physical culture, singing, piano; clubs for women, young people, and children, with athletic, social and literary aims; socials, dances, lectures and entertainments. Summer Work.—Day outingsHANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS 238 and picnics; fruit and flowers through the National Fruit and Flower Guild; vacations in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies. Residents. Women 3, men 1. Head Residents. Mary E. Critcherson, 1906- 1910. Rev. J. Paul Dresser, Oct., 1910-. Margaret Bottome Memorial (Undenominational Center) (Formerly The King’s Daughters’ House in Harlem) 216 East 128th Street Founded July, 1900, by the King’s Daughters’ Circle of St. Andrew’s Chapel for “ religious, charitable and educational work upon settlement lines.” Incorporated March 2$, 1901, and July 6, 1907. Maintains relief work; religious meetings; kindergarten; library; boys’brigade; mothers’meeting; penny provident bank; clothing sales; resident nurse. Summer Work. —Vacations in co-operation with Fresh Air societies. Volunteers. Women 24. Superintendent. M. Elida Coburn. Literature. Report, Jan., 1904. Recreation Center and Neighborhood Rooms (Jewish) 316 East Fifth Street Established 1908, by the Sisterhood of the Spanish and Portuguese Syna- gogue “for relief and social work among residents of the neighborhood.” Sup- ported by the Sisterhood. Neighborhood. The Jewish quarter of New York. Maintains religious schools; library; penny provident bank; relief work; classes in dressmaking, embroidery and cooking; clubs for girls and boys and children; lectures in hygiene and nursing; mothers’ and fathers’ meetings. Summer Work.—Mothers and children taken weekly on excursions; a summer camp maintained at Rockaway Beach, for working girls and boys. Head Residents. Miss Lass, June, 1908-May, 1909; Henrietta Tucker, May, 1909-. Welcome House Settlement (Jewish) 223 East Thirteenth Street (1909-) Established May, 1904, as a part of the work of Clara de Hirsch Home for Immigrant Girls. The resident workers of the home felt that they wanted to know their neighbors and invited them in. Neighborhood. The people are largely Jews. Maintains library; penny provident bank; clubs for school children and young people, with dramatic, literary, social, and civic aims; civic club for adults. Lectures on sanitation and street cleaning in Yiddish to which the neighborhood householders are invited; a club of Hungarian-Jewish girls who come back to the house to meet; dances, plays, and various social events. Summer Work.—Vacation Home cares for 200 girls. Former Locations. 712 E. Sixth St., May 1, 1904; 375 East 10th St., May, 1906. Residents. Women 2. Volunteers. Women 11, men 11. Head Resident. Julia Rosenberg, May 1, 1904-. Literature. Report, 1904-1910.NEW YORK 239 Wesley House (Methodist) 212 East 58th Street Established June 4, 1908, by the Madison Avenue Methodist Episcopal Church “to help the boys and girls and men and women to be better boys and girls and men and women, better home makers and a help to the community in which they live.” Maintains religious work (Sunday reading hour, story hour, children’s hour, Gospel meeting and mid-week meeting); kindergarten; playground; penny bank; classes in gymnastics, fencing and military drill, millinery, cooking and housekeeping, sewing, English, stenography, bookkeeping, banking; clubs for women and children, with social, athletic and musical interests. Summer Work.—Playground; play school; picnics, etc. Head Resident. Sarah Libby Carson, June, 1908-. Literature. Leaflets — Wesley House (Monthly), i, No. 1 (Jan., 1909). SPECIAL PAROCHIAL CENTERS [Houses marked with a star (*) have greater significance, considered from the settlement standpoint.] BAPTIST Children’s Home Settlement (Once called Settlement for College Women) 319 East 125th Street Organized 1902, “to demonstrate the merits of a religious social settle- ment.” * Judson Memorial Church South Washington Square Organized 1892. v Mount Morris Baptist Church Third Avenue and 127th Street Organized 1907, “a church devoted to the ideals of social service.” CATHOLIC SETTLEMENTS AND CENTERS See Annual Reports of the Association of Catholic Charities, 1907, 1908, 1909, 1910. The Barat Settlement 296 Elizabeth Street Founded by the Alumnae of the Sacred Heart of Manhattanville for work among Italian children and girls. Maintains classes in sewing, dressmaking, cooking, and raffia work, for children and working girls. Summer Work.—Excursions, flower distributions.240 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Miss Lombard’s Settlement East Twenty-first Street “Miss Lombard, who teaches under the auspices of the University Ex- tension Society, engaged quarters at East Twenty-first Street, where her free time and that of the friends she can interest is given to the betterment of the children of the environs/’—Report of Association of Catholic Charities, April, 1907, p. 30. Sacred Heart Mission Among the Bohemians Church of St. John, East Seventy-third Street Established October, 1903, by the Alumnae of the Sacred Heart Academy, “ to bring back to the Church Bohemians who have fallen away from the Faith through their children.” Maintains library; boys’ and girls’ clubs; classes in sewing; entertainments, socials, lectures, etc. St. John’s Italian Settlement 308 Pleasant Avenue, Harlem Established February 2, 1906, for “work among the Italians of the upper Harlem district.” Maintains Sunday school; kindergarten; day nursery; library; classes in sewing, cooking, physical culture; religious and social clubs for girls; weekly meeting of the boys of the Holy Name Society. St. Rose’s 257 East Seventy-first Street. St. Rose’s Athletic Club, 68th Street and Avenue A Organized October 1, 1898, by the Very Rev. Clement M. Thuente. In- corporated 1901. Aims “to enlist Catholics of leisure in the personal service of the poor and to give religious instruction to the neglected and ignorant, whether children or adults.” “What we are aiming at, broadly and generally, is to re-establish the common Christian brotherhood that united all classes to- gether in the olden time. We desire to see a vigorous apostolate by the well-to- do and educated classes at work among their humbler brethren. This alone will break down the wall of a separation built up during the last three centuries between the rich and the poor. It is chiefly for the more favored classes to bridge over or to fill up the chasm that has divided the nation into two peoples and produced that growth of social and religious evil which is a menace to the whole fabric of society.”—Lenten Pastoral Letter of Cardinal Vaughan. Neighborhood. People are Irish, Bohemians, Italians, etc. Maintains free circulating library; branch of traveling library; sewing and cooking classes; gymnasium; classes in Christian Doctrine; social clubs for young people of both sexes; folk dancing and friendly visiting; food, milk, and bread tickets given; clothing distributed. Christmas baskets sent to Rosary Hill, the Free Cancer Home, by St.NEW YORK 241 Cecilia’s Club (girls). Summer Work.—Picnics; vacations in co-operation with Catholic Fresh Air societies. Head Resident. Rose Bain. Literature. St. Rose’s Settlement. Pub. Opin., xxviii : 302 (March 8, 1900). St. Rose’s Settlement. Catholic News, Feb. 24, 1900. CONGREGATIONAL Bethany Church Tenth Avenue and 35th Street EPISCOPAL ♦Calvary House 102-106 East 22nd Street Calvary Church organized the Galilee Mission in 1884 to minister to homeless men, and later the Galilee Restaurant; Olive Tree Inn; the Tea Divan (for the sale of tea, coffee and spices); free reading room; and boys’ club (1889). Calvary House opened 1898 in a model tenement. Purposed “to get closer to the people of the neighborhood for influence, spiritual and social. Calvary House is a church settlement, and the root idea of the settle- ment is Friendship.” Maintains religious services; kindergarten; bank; play hour; classes in gymnas- tics and kitchen garden; clubs for men and women, young people and children. Chapel of the Incarnation 240 East Thirty-first Street Primarily parish activities. God’s Providence House 330 Broome Street Founded 1893, as an outgrowth of the day nursery (St. Barnabas House, 1861). Maintained by the City Mission Society. Neighborhood. People are Jews and Italians. Maintains religious services; day nursery; library; play room; penny provident; gymnasium; classes in city history, sewing, kitchen garden, dancing; clubs for mothers; parties and entertainments. Grace Church Neighborhood House 94-96 Fourth Avenue Founded November, 1907. Maintains day nursery; lunch room for women and girls; dubs for boys and girls; Italian religious work; school of citizenship; clubs and classes. 17242 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Grace Church Settlement 413 East Thirteenth Street Founded, 1896, continuing Grace Mission, to be “a settlement plus reli- gion.” “ Our distinctive work may be described as the union of definite parochial organization with unrestricted settlement work.” See: Settlement Work of Grace Church. Cbar. Rev., viii : 418-425 (Nov., 1898). House of Aquila (Formerly Procathedral) 130 Stanton Street Founded 1890. Maintained by City Mission Society. Neighborhood. People are Jews. Maintains church services; day nursery; kindergarten; gymnasium; bowling .alley; pool room; classes in kitchen garden, housekeeping, laundry. Memorial House of St. George's Church 203 East Sixteenth Street “The best thing that can be done for the reformation of a bad neighborhood is to plant in the midst of it not a model tenement, not a school, but a church. With a good church all other good things would follow logically. And by a good church is meant one which by its brotherly interest in the whole life of its neigh- bors gains confidence and affection and thus upon the basis of this gain, gains interest..........Every organization is vitally connected with the church. The ultimate object of each organization is not to amuse or even to instruct but to bind the members closer to the church.” All have to be members of church or Sunday school. If not Sunday school, then a certificate has to be presented from some other church or Sunday school. Largely parochial. Neighborhood House of the Church of the Holy Apostles 365 West 27th Street Founded 1902, by Rev. R. L. Paddock. Parochial activities. Parish House * Church of the Holy Communion Twentieth Street and Sixth Avenue Organized by Dr. Muhlenberg, who originated many forms of parish ac- tivity since taken up by other churches. “While the church must study to improve the conditions under which they (the people) earn their daily bread, she must also make recognition of their needs of refreshment and pastime in mind and body as well as soul/’NEW YORK 243 *St. Bartholomew’s 209 East Forty-second Street Organized by Bishop Greer. Parish House, 1891. "The circumference of the Parish House is neither ecclesiastical nor humanitarian. The arc of the circle is not of an unvariable character, and any attempt to make our Chapel work dominate and comprise the clubs and schools or to coerce the chapel services into ethical and philanthropical grooves would miss the wide purpose which you have caused to animate and inspire your assis- tants in the Parish House." Rev. L. E. Learned in Year Book. St. Christopher’s House 316 East Eighty-eighth Street Founded 1897. Supported by St. James Protestant Episcopal Church. St. Cyprian’s I75”I77 West Sixty-third Street Founded 1905, "to give the nation a shining example of what to expect from the sober, sane, and charitable treatment of its colored people." Maintains religious services; employment bureau; relief; sewing school; school lunches; diet kitchen; gymnasium (only one in the city for colored people); baths; baby clinic; classes in cooking, cobbling; girls’ club; entertainments, parties, etc. St. Michael’s Parish House Amsterdam Avenue and Ninety-ninth Street Organized 1896. Parish House, 1902. Largely parochial work. METHODIST East Side Parish House 9 Second Avenue The Italian Church and Settlement House 114th Street and First Avenue People’s Home Church 543 East Eleventh Street "That Evangelism must be first is our experience. Teaching and healing have not handicapped in any way the ministry of preaching. In fact to quite an extent the listening ear was furnished by those who have been reached through the institutional agencies."244 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS PRESBYTERIAN * Christ Church Memorial House 334-344 West Thirty-sixth Street “The Church aims to present and make real that universal message of Christ by which He drew all men unto Himself. It tries to make people feel that they are welcome, and is ambitious to send the healing, strengthening, inspiring message of pure and undefiled religion into every heart and home in the crowded regions about its doors/' John Hall Memorial Chapel and Young People’s Association House First Avenue and East Sixty-third Street Organized 1891. * Phelps Memorial House 314-316 East Thirty-fifth Street Founded January 1,189$. Aims “to improve the general tone of tenement life in the neighborhood by church and settlement agencies. Under the auspices of Park Presbyterian Church." Parish House (Madison Square Presbyterian Church) 432-436 Third Avenue * Spring Street Neighborhood House 244 Spring Street Organized 1900. REFORMED Bethany Memorial Sixty-seventh Street and First Avenue PORT CHESTER Neighborhood House (Center) 19 Adee Street Established October, 1908, under the auspices of the Philanthropic Section of the Woman’s Club. Aims "to form an industrial and recreation center for the large foreign element in the factories of Port Chester." Neighborhood. Located in the factory section of Port Chester. The people are Poles, Italians, Russian Jews, Slavs, and Hungarians. Maintains day nursery; savings bank; classes in cooking, artificial flower making, millinery, dressmaking, sewing; social clubs. The work, the bank excepted, is for girls.NEW YORK 245 Garden class for boys organized in March. Summer Work.—Banking department and gardening classes; yard used as a playground during vacation. Volunteers. Women 38. RHINECLIFF Rhinecliff Memorial Building Founded January 8, 1908, by.Hon. Levi P. Morton and Anna L. Morton, in memory of their daughter, Lena Morton. Aims "to provide an attractive, clean, wholesome place for the use-of the whole community; to add to the attrac- tiveness of village life; to provide educational and social opportunity for boys and girls.” Neighborhood. “ Rhinecliff is an attractive little village on the banks of the Hud- son opposite Kingston. It has several square miles of area and a population of about 600 people. The men find employment on the railroads, and on the large estates which sur- round the village. It has three churches,—Catholic, Episcopal and Methodist. It has a three-department school that has an enrollment of about a hundred scholars. A number of new houses have been built the past year and the inhabitants are imbued with a spirit of civic pride. The village improvement committee is active and has brought about the lighting of the village/* Maintains library; baths; savings; Rhinecliff Men’s Association; Sunshine Club; Rhinecliff Boys’ Club; classes in gymnastics and manual training for boys, and domestic science, sewing, and gymnastics for girls; boys’ outings; lectures, entertainments, socials and outings. Resident Secretary. William H. Hughes, 1908- Literature. A Work for an Entire Community, 1910 (Pamphlet). ROCHESTER Practical Housekeeping Center 227 Davis Street Established September, 1907, by a group of young women, known as the Association for Practical Housekeeping Centers, who wished: " I. To set an example in home-making and housekeeping, in proper sanitation, in orderly methods of work, and in wholesome food and attractive furnishing at a minimum cost. II. The multitudinous needs of the neighborhood suggest the usefulness of a large building or settlement house. It is not the purpose of this association to enter upon any such undertaking. Its school work is confined for the most part to simple and fundamental teachings in domestic science. Our neighbor- hood work is limited to an endeavor to put people in touch with their opportuni- ties through friends and institutions that already exist, and to interpret as best we may our Italian to our American citizens. The growth of the work is desired in the establishment of other centers in other neighborhoods. III. The classes were first organized in the little home at the initiative of the neighbors, until they grew at the end of the year into an organized school called the Housekeeping Center. The home was established by the association, but the school was not begun until the neighbors showed their desire. IV. The Housekeeping Center246 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS stands among them as a neighborhood home, and as an educational institution, not a philanthropy. For the acts of service it can render, there are manifold opportunities for its neighbors to render back in other ways. We encourage them to let us receive their helpfulness, of which we are in real need, as we per- suade them to receive ours. Therefore, we develop mutual confidence and co- operation/* Maintained by subscription. Neighborhood. The heart of an Italian colony. Activities. Instrumental in securing the speedy and just termination of a strike by Italian laborers for better wages. Maintains bureau of information and protection for foreigners; classes in sewing and cooking for girls, and chair caning for boys; English for adults; social evenings for families and young people; much informal social work. Summer Work.—Open house; vacant lot gardens; milk depot; baths. Head Workers. Florence Cross, Sept., 1907-Jan., 1910; (Mrs.) Margaret Man- ning, Jan., 1910-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Report, February, 1908 — Report, May, 1909. See also: How a Settlement Settled a Strike. Survey, xxiv : 711-712 (Aug. 20, 1910). Social Settlement of Rochester 152 Baden Street (1901-1904); 13 Vienna Street (1909); 160 Baden Street (1910) Established May 15, 1901, by a small group of interested persons with an educational and social aim. Incorporated April 23, 1901. Neighborhood. The neighborhood is a tenement one of small cottage homes, and the people are Germans, Jews, Italians, and Poles. Activities. Efforts to better the sanitary, economic, labor and moral conditions of the district; and to interpret them to the city. Led the agitation which resulted in the playground (1907) with directed play; the public baths; an adequate school building; the school center work, etc. Became the center of the neighborhood relief work in the fire of 1908. Maintains day nursery; kindergarten; library; penny provident bank; milk and baby clinic; clinics for children and adults; resident nurse; second hand clothing sales; weekly house dances; classes in housekeeping, shirtwaist making, embroidery, crocheting, cooking, gymnastics, games; clubs for women, young men and women, and children; numerous lectures, socials, entertainments, etc. Publishes The Settlement Bulletin, now Tie Common Good. Summer Work.—Summer industrial school; picnics and excursions; health work for children; vacations at the summer home. Residents. Women 2, men 1. Head Resident. (Mrs.) Sara Vance Stewart, 1901-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Year Book, 1904-5 — The Settlement Bulletin (Monthly), i, No. 1 (March, 1907); ii, No. 1 (March, 1908); iii, No. 1 (March, 1909). Became The Common Good, iv, No. 1 (Oct., 1910).NEW YORK 247 SYRACUSE Marshall Memorial Home (Jewish) 222 Cedar Street Established November, 1907, by the Syracuse section of the Council of Jewish Women, and renamed in 1910 as a memorial for Mrs. Jacob Marshall. Aims "to improve the economic, industrial, recreational, and social conditions of the people in the neighborhood so far as that can be done through the estab- lishment of a social center.” Incorporated 1910. Neighborhood. The Jewish immigrant quarter. Maintains library; penny provident bank; wood carving; games; debating; athletic and social clubs for boys; classes in sewing, darning, crocheting, and dressmaking, cooking, homemaking; working girls* club with varied interests, industrial and social. Sabbath school class for young girls whose parents do not attend a Synagogue where there is an English-speaking Rabbi. Women’s club; distributing guild (clothing, etc.); ad- visory bureau for immigrant girls; volunteer service in the juvenile court; personal service of various sorts. Bible classes and classes in philanthropy. For information address (Mrs.) Rose E. Thackeimer, 109 Mills Street, Onondaga Valley, New York. YONKERS Prospect House Settlement (Center) 60 Hudson Street. Summer House, Hartsdale, New York Established August 11, 1905, by Cerise E. A. Carmen, "to maintain a non-sectarian neighborhood house as a center of moral and intellectual influence. To strive with our foreign born neighbors and their children toward the attain- ment of the purest ideals of American citizenship. To promote the impartial and non-partisan study of civic, social, and industrial problems. To work for the mutual betterment of ourselves and our neighbors.” "To bring men and women of education into closer relation with the working classes in this city for mutual advantages; to promote by legitimate means social and industrial reform for the betterment of society; to establish and maintain in the tenement districts places for the residence of suitable persons desirous of aiding in the work of a secular, non-sectarian and non-partisan nature, in which no religious doctrine shall at any time be taught, nor any religious service or ceremony held, under the auspices of, by, or for the association; nor shall any of its club rooms or settlement buildings be let or sub-let, hired or loaned for the purpose of holding any religious service or ceremony or meeting for religious instruction or propa- ganda." Incorporated May 29, 1907. Neighborhood. “The dwellings of the neighborhood are in large measure owned by foreign-speaking people who apparently do not know or care about the sanitary code, which their buildings violate in from two to nine points. Almost all of the wooden build- ings, especially the rear tenements, are broken, filthy, disease-breeding. Unsanitary con- ditions everywhere obtain, and the overcrowding on some streets is as great as in the most congested blocks in New York. Ten persons living in a damp cellar, or twelve crowdedHANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS 248 into three dark rooms, is not uncommon. Many families take lodgers, some of them both day and night sleepers, occupying the same beds. “The neighbors are Italian, Greek, Syrian, Russian, Polish, Hungarian, Ruthenian, Lithuanian, Slovak, Croatian, Irish, German, colored American, and others. Probably 2,000 of these speak very little, if any, English, even after five years’ residence. Unskilled, but industrious, they are, nevertheless, seldom more than two weeks removed from want. These new Americans, the Slavic young men especially, are keen to become good citizens. For the hundreds of young men and young women who seldom spend an evening outside the neighborhood, the saloon dance halls and Prospect House are the only centers of recre- ation. Thirty-three saloons and eight saloon dance halls are within three minutes’ walk of Prospect House.’’ Activities. Actively interested in the juvenile court, and workers have served as voluntary probation officers. Constant efforts to secure better sani- tary conditions in its quarter. Maintains library; district nurse; day nursery and kindergarten; playground; stamp savings work; night school with classes in English and civics; vocation bureau; classes in basketry, raffia, carpentry, sewing, crocheting, cooking, and music; clubs for women, young people, and children, with athletic, dramatic, and literary aims; enter- tainments, socials, dramatic performances, etc. Summer Work.—Excursions and picnics; vacations at the House Camp. Former Location, ii Jefferson Street, 1905-1910. Head Resident. Cerise E. A. Carmen (Mrs. J. G. Jack), 1905-1907; John Spargo, 1906-1907; Mrs. E. H. Haight, 1907-1911. Literature. 1. Authorized Statements. First Report, August, 1906. Pro- spectus of the Building Fund Campaign, Jan., 1910. (Contains history.) II. Articles or Social Studies by Residents. Spargo, John: The Bitter Cry of the Children. N. Y., MacMillan Co., 1906. See also: Prospect House Settlement, Yonkers. Char, and Com- mons, xvii: 575 (Dec. 29, 1906) Editorial Note on Change of Head Workers and Their Work. Char, and Commons, xviii : 219 (May 18, 1907).NORTH CAROLINA ASHEVILLE The Log Cabin Settlement R. F. D. No. i Established September, 1894, by Susan Chester, a graduate of Vassar College, who, after visiting three city settlements, felt the need of such work in the rural districts. The settlement aims “ to co-operate with a mission chapel and district school in the neighborhood, to revive the weaving industry, and to provide a good library for the community. The Log Cabin is owned and main- tained by the founder and her mother.” Neighborhood. “The Log Cabin is in the country three miles from Asheville, and in the early days seemed far distant from the town. It is now almost suburban, as the trolley has been introduced. The neighbors are the mountain people, the purest Americans to be found.” Activities. Instrumental in organizing the “Log Cabin Library”; in starting more than one cottage library with twenty books; in building Grace Memorial Church to take the place of the old chapel; in securing a playground for the children, etc. Maintains library; mothers’club; girls’club; woman’s auxiliary; much informal friendly visiting covering distances of more than ten miles. Some members of the library walk eleven miles from their homes. Location. Grace Post Office was the first address, but with the introduction of rural delivery the Log Cabin was on Route 1. Residents. Women 3. Non-residents. 5. Head Resident. (Mrs.) Susan Chester Lyman. Literature. College Settlements and Their Relation to the Church. Philadelphia Church Standard, July 17, 1893 — A Log Cabin College Settlement. Outlook, 1895 — A Log Cabin College Settlement. Churchman, July 23, 1895. See also: West, Max; The Revival of Handicrafts in America. Bulletin of the Bureau of Labor. No. 55, p. 1576 (Nov., 1904). MARSHALL Club House (Presbyterian) Established 1909, by Rev. W. E. Finley,” to do community work.” Supported by a grant from the Presbyterian Board of Home Missions and by donations. Neighborhood. A town of a thousand inhabitants in the heart of the North Carolina mountains. Maintains newspaper; kindergarten; library; gymnasium; religious services; 249250 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Sunday school; classes in cooking, sewing, gymnastics, and music; boys’ and girls’ clubs. Summer Work.—Gardens; nature study; concerts. Residents. Women i, men i. Head Resident. Rev. W. E. Finley. WINSTON-SALEM Wesley House (Methodist) 1016 North Liberty Street (1909-) Established May 5, 1909, by the Board of City Missions, Methodist Episcopal Church South, “for the physical, mental, and moral uplift of the tobacco factory workers who live in the community.” The work is supported by the Methodist churches of the city and by voluntary contributions. Neighborhood. A community made up of the people who work in the tobacco and other factories. The neighbors are illiterate Americans whose problems arise out of excessive child labor and ignorance. Maintains co-operation with Associated Charities in tuberculosis campaign and with Juvenile Protective Association; day nursery; sewing school; boys’clubs; shower baths; visiting in homes; assisting needy; religious services. Residents. Women4. Volunteers. Women 20. Head Resident. Florence Blackwell, May, 1909-.OHIO CINCINNATI The Jewish Settlement 415 Clinton Street (1907-) Established Fall of 1899, by a group of young Jewish men and women of Cincinnati “to teach English to the foreign born who need such instruction, to furnish class and club facilities to the people of its neighborhood, and to establish social relations between the social strata of Cincinnati.” Became a center in 1904. Maintained since 1906 by the United Jewish Charities. Neighborhood. A tenement section inhabited very largely by Jews. Maintains public school kindergarten; public school class of defective children; library; public baths; headquarters of a Co-operation Loan and Building Company; English classes for immigrant men and women; Yiddish and Russian library; citizenship class; tearoom; meeting rooms for lodges and societies; mothers’club; various organiza- tions to develop self-action along social lines; entertainments, lectures, concerts and plays in Yiddish. There are clubs of various kinds for working girls and boys; classes in gym- nastics, civics, singing, cooking, etc; play-room and play-classes for children; instruction in Hebrew. Summer Work.—Day outings and excursions. Former Location. 1513 Elm Street, 1899-July, 1907. Head Residents. S. G. Lawenstein, 1899-1900; Leo Mannheimer, 1900-1901; Clara Block, 1901-1902; Essie Fleischmann, 1902-1904; Alex. Landesco, 1905-1906; Isaac Spectorsky, 1906-1907. Superintendent. Boris D. Bogen, 1907-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Reports of the settlement and of the United Jewish Charities. See also: Spectorsky, Isaac: The Newcomer and the Night School. Cbar. and Commons, xvii: 891 (Feb. 16, 1907). Union Bethel Settlement (Undenominational) Settlement House, 501-503 East Third Street. Lodging House, 308 Front Street. Working Girls’ Hotel, Third and Lytle Streets Established 1903, by the Cincinnati Union Bethel (Association founded in 1848 and incorporated in 1863) “to provide for the spiritual and temporal welfare of river men and their families...........also to gather in and furnish religious instruction and material aid to the poor and neglected chil- dren of Cincinnati and vicinity, and to make such provision as may be deemed best for their social elevation; also, to provide homes and employment for the destitute, to do 'prevention' work on settlement lines.” The corporation also controls a lodging house for men on Front Street, and a hotel for working women at Third and Lytle Streets. The settlement is distinct from all the other activities. 251252 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Neighborhood. “Much of our constituency is composed of the defective and dependent class. The people are largely Americans and Irish-Americans, with a sprink- ling of others. The Catholics are slightly in preponderance/* Activities. The settlement gymnasium director is summer city director of the playground in front of the house. The head worker had a part in securing the new tenement house law; and as president of the Newsboys’ Protective Association secured ordinances on street trades; and with others keeps a watchful eye on the course of city and state social legislation. Maintains day nursery; resident nursing service; dispensaries; relief including school scholarships; legal aid; men’s club; women’s club; boys’ and girls’ clubs; boys’ and girls’ gymnastic work; boys’ brigade; sewing; cooking; instrumental and choral music; stenography; reading room; entertainments; Sunday school. Summer Work.— Special equipment and open nightly; day outings and excursions; girls’ camp; vacant lot gardening. Residents. Women 8, men 6. Volunteers, ioo. Head Resident. James O. White, 1903-. Literature. Authorized Articles. Yearbooks of the Cincinnati Union Bethel. 1904-. See also: Cincinnati Union Bethel. Char, and Commons, xix : 1438 (Jan. 18, 1908). The University Settlement 224 West Liberty Street. Summer Home, New Richmond, Ohio Established in 1899 by Dr. Philip Van Ness Myers of the University of Cincinnati. Aims “to be a rallying point for all the forces of righteousness and progress, educational and social, of the neighborhood in which it stands. The settlement is meant to be a typical American home, presided over by intel- ligent men and women who wish to be on cordial terms with all their neighbors, and who invite these neighbors, especially the boys and girls, to come there for rational amusement, for talks about profitable matters, and for light upon all the problems of a great city which makes honest and clean living possible.” (1909.) Incorporated 1906. Maintained by subscription. Neighborhood. A crowded neighborhood of closely built tenements and facto- ries. The people are largely of German descent, though there are Negroes close by and Hungarians are beginning to move in. The community is thrifty and industrious, and the people are anxious to advance. Activities. Co-operated in advancing the playground movement, and has headed a growing demand for the larger use of the public schools by con- ducting gymnastic classes in a nearby school. Maintains clinic; library and reading room; savings bank; women’s, boys’ and girls’ clubs; classes in carving, music, sewing, cooking, folk dancing, story hour for chil- dren; gymnastic work for boys two evenings a week in the neighboring gymnasium of the Sixth District School. Summer Work.—Owns a finely constructed summer home at New Richmond, Ohio, capable of entertaining forty people at one time. Residents. Women 2, men 5. Volunteers. Women 30, men 12. Head Residents. Dr. William Duttera, 1899-1900; Mary DeLuce, 1900-1901; C. M. Hub- bard, 1901-1902; J. G. Steward, 1902-1905; Royal S. Melendy, 1906-1907; Daniel Burke, 1907-1908; Frank N. Miner, Oct., 1908-OHIO 253 Literature. I. Authorized Articles. Circulars — Annual Report, 1905-6 — University Settlement Rev., i, No. 1 (Nov., 1906) — Report, November, 1909. See also: Some New Settlements. Commons, Jan. 31, 1900, p. 10 — University Social Settlement. Commons, ix : 219 (May, 1904). II. Articles by Residents. Melendy, Royal S.: How Manage Municipal Play Centers? Char, and Commons, xviii : 541 (Aug. 3, 1907). CLEVELAND GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY Olmsted, Millicent: Social Settlements in Cleveland. Plain Dealer, Mar. 25, 1900. Housing Reform in Cleveland. Charities, xi : 121 (Feb. 7, 1903). Bibliography on Social Settlements. Prepared and published by the Public Library. Cleveland’s Playground Commission. Char, and Commons, xx : 129 (Apr. 25, 1908). A Co-operative Employment Bureau in Cleveland. Char, and Commons, xxi : 168 (Oct. 31, 1908). To Adjust the Work of Women. Char, and Commons, xxi : 958-959 (Feb. 13, 1909). The Alta House Corner Mayfield and Fairview Streets Established October 15, 1900, by John D. Rockefeller, as the outgrowth of a day nursery and kindergarten begun in September, 1895, under the Cleve- land Day Nursery and Kindergarten Association. Aims “to help to educate the children mentally, morally, and physically, and through them to aid in every effort to elevate and purify home life and the life of the neighborhood.” Maintained by Mr. Rockefeller. Neighborhood. The outskirts of Cleveland in an Italian community of about ten thousand people. The people are largely laborers but many of them own their own houses. The evils are those of ignorance and the possibility of separateness from the rest of the community. Activities. Oversight of public sanitary conditions. Maintains public playground and athletic field; two kindergartens; dispensary and visiting nurse; milk dispensary; public baths; public laundry; gymnasium; legal aid office; branch of public library; savings; classes in gymnastics, manual training, wood- work, iron work with forge, clay modeling, drawing, sloyd, copper work, basketry, sewing, and cooking; clubs for young people, men, and women; several benefit societies meet at the house; many clubs have musical interests; there are two bands, much musical in- struction, and dramatic work; crafts and other exhibitions; numerous lectures, concerts, etc. Summer Work.—Summer kindergarten; children’s gardens; home gardening; win- dow box gardening; playground; many picnics and excursions, and some vacations in co- operation with Fresh Air societies. Residents. Women 10, men 6. Volunteers. Women 30, men 10. Head Residents. Katherine E. Smith, 1900-1902; Dr. Jane E. Robbins, 1902; K. M. Hurl- burt, 1902-1903; (Mrs.) M. J. Manning, 1903-1904 (Temporarily in charge); John Henry Lotz, 1904-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Report, May, 1902. See also: Alta Social Settlement. Commons, Nov., 1901, p. 18 — Alta House, Cleveland. Charities,254 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS viii : 474 (May 24, 1902) — Smith, Katharine E.: The Year at Alta House. Commons, May, 1902. Council Educational Alliance (Jewish) 3754 Woodland Avenue and Thirty-eighth Street (1909-). Summer Home, Camp Wise, Lake Erie, Stop 133 Established September, 1909. Continuing the social center founded April 6, 1899, hy the Council Educational Alliance in co-operation with the Cleveland Council of Jewish Women through the union of the Alliance work for girls (1894) and the Council work for men and boys (1899). Aims “to do educational and philanthropic work.” Incorporated April, 1899. Supported by the Federation of Jewish Charities. Neighborhood. Jewish immigrant quarter. Activities. Work for the sanitary betterment of its district; an educa- tional campaign for play spaces, baths, etc.; and stimulated the city to better the moral conditions of the quarter by enforcing the laws. Maintains branch of the public library, visiting nurse, gymnasium and swimming pool, Sabbath school, night school; legal aid society; immigrant aid society; synagogue; chorus, orchestra; dramatics; reading room and Yiddish books for immigrants; lectures, entertainments, etc. Classes in carpentry, sloyd, printing, cooking, sewing, etc. Summer Work.—Social and club work; picnics and excursions; vacations at Camp Wise, the coun- try house of the settlement. Former Location. 300 Woodland St., 1899-1909. Residents. Women 4, men 2. Volunteers. Women 210, men 40. Head Residents. Max Carton, 1909-1910; Hilda Muhlhauser, Fall, 1910-. Literature. I. Authorized Statements. First annual report, May, 1899- Nov., 1900. 11. Articles by Residents. Horwitz, Frances (Mrs. Spectorsky): The George Eliot Literary Circle. Independent, Aug. 1, 1895, East End Neighborhood House 2444 East Eighty-ninth Street Established May, 1910, as the outgrowth of social work begun 1908 by Rev. W. R. Stearly and Emanuel Protestant Episcopal Church. Aims “to help the child to help himself, and to be good neighbors to the people of the community.” Independent and non-sectarian. Incorporated May 17, 1910. Supported by subscriptions. Neighborhood. Factory district. The people are Bohemians, Hungarians, and Slavs. Maintains library; classes for girls in sewing, dressmaking, and cooking; recrea- tion, game and story telling clubs; evening clubs for working girls; classes for boys in knife work, clay modeling, and games; evening clubs for older boys. Residents. Women i. Volunteers. Women 16, men 3. Head Worker. Hedwig A. F. Kosbab.OHIO 255 Eleanor B. Rainey Memorial Institute 1523 East Fifty-fifth Street Established 1904, "to provide physical, industrial, and moral training and wholesome recreation for the people of the neighborhood." Supported by the heirs of E. B. Rainey. Neighborhood. “Our constituency consists largely of English, Irish, Germans, Bohemians, Swedes, and Poles, many of whom are connected with the shops and factories in the neighborhood.” Maintains gymnasium, athletic classes and events; boys’ brigade; classes in sewing and cooking; clubs for women, young people and children; numerous socials, parties, entertainments, etc. Also a manual training department in which instruction is given in carpentry, brass work, wood carving, mechanical drawing, and cobbling. Volunteers. Women 30. Literature. Authorized Statements. Report W. C. T. U., 1908, p. 45 if. Goodrich Social Settlement 612 St. Clair Street (1897-). Gymnasiums, Senora Avenue, N. E., and 1416 East 31st Street. Goodrich House Farm, Euclid Point, Ohio Established May 20,1897, by Mrs. Samuel Mather, as an outgrowth of a boys’ club and women’s guild conducted by the First Presbyterian Church. Aims "to provide a center for such activities as are commonly associated with Christian social settlement work.’’ Incorporated May 1$, 1897. Maintained by endowment. Neighborhood. Far “downtown” in a mixed factory and tenement district. The population is largely of American, Irish, and German extraction, but there are many Poles. The neighborhood while narrow (only a few blocks wide) is very long (about two miles) and the movement of population tends to put the house at one end of its quarter. Work is carried on in two cottages at 1416 East Thirty-first Street and the neighboring public school, which are in the geographical center of the Goodrich House constituency. Activities. Various studies of the quarter have been made (largely unpublished). Residents supplied material for the Committee of Fifty on the Social Substitutes for the saloon, and for a local housing investigation. The land for the first public playground in Cleveland was purchased by trustees of the house and the playground conducted under the direction of residents; the city home gardening work originated in the settlement, as did the penny savings work, district nursing, Society for Promoting the Interests of the Blind, the Consumers’ League, etc. Residents have also been of service in the depart- ments of health; education; public charities; in the movement for a "safe and sane Fourth’’; for regulating moving pictures; investigating amusement halls; and formulating newsboy legislation. During the winter of 1908-09 Mr. Wools- ton was lecturer on applied sociology at Western Reserve University, and Wil- liam Norton carried on the course during the winter of 1909-10. During the year 1909-10 a course somewhat similar to a school of philanthropy was given to fifty social workers at Goodrich House by Professor Cutler, Mr. Norton, and speakers from out of town on special subjects—such as housing, etc.256 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Maintains kindergarten; cripple kindergarten; clinic, nursing service, and milk dispensary; public baths; laundry; employment agency; industrial work for the blind; playground; classes in nursing, cooking, domestic science, sewing, drawing, dancing, model- ing, woodwork, pottery, printing, gymnastics, etc. There are clubs for men (special quarters), women, young people, and children; instruction in music; orchestra. The house is a meeting place for many independent clubs and societies, and there are frequent neigh- borhood parties, socials, lectures, etc. Publishes the Goodrich House Record. Summer Work.—Playground; infants’ health work; children’s gardens; excursions and picnics; settlement country house which provides accommodations for all ages and is within easy reach of the city. Maintained a vacation school for a number of years. Residents. Women 12, men 9. Volunteers. Women 30, men 16. Head Residents. Starr Cadwallader, 1897-1903; Rufus E. Miles, Sept., 1903-4; Marion Campbell, 1904-5; Howard Woolston, Fall, 1905-7; J. H. Chase, 1907-1910; Dr. E. A. Peterson, 1910-. Literature. I. Authorized Statements. Reports 1898, 1900 — Goodrich House Record. See also: Work of Goodrich House, Cleveland. Ann. Amer. Acad, of Pol. and Soc. Sci., xi : 134-136 (Jan., 1898). II. Articles or Social Studies by Residents. Buell, Lucy Benton: An Experi- ment in City Home Gardening. Commons, Mar., 1904, pp. 78-81 — Cadwallader, Starr: A Study of the Saloon and Some of Its Substitutes in Cleveland. Commons, Apr., 1901. The Relation of the Settlement to the Neighborhood. Chautauqua Assembly Herald, July 10, 1902. The Relation of the Settlement to the Community. The Chautauqua Assembly Herald, July 11, 1902 — Chase, John B.: Playground Directors. The Playground, July, 1909 — Norton, William J.: Life in the Lodging Houses. Cleveland Press, Jan., 1907 (6 articles). Chief Kohler of Cleveland and his Golden Rule Policy. Outlook, Nov. 6, 1909. University Lectures (Unpublished): Life in Cleveland. (1) Cleveland, Its Social Growth, Its People and How They are Housed; (2) Public Control of Health; (3) Private Control of Health; (4) Education; (5) Recreation; (6) Poverty and Outdoor Relief; (7) Crime and the Treatment of Adult Criminals; (9) Treatment of the Juvenile Offender; (10) The Defective and His Treatment — Papers: The Tramp Problem in Ohio, 1907. (Unpub.) Street Boys in Cleveland, 1908. (Unpub.) — Stevens, Bertha: A Study of Women’s Work in Cleveland. Pamphlet. May, 1908 — Woolston, Florence: Mazzini, A Prophet of the New View. Char, and Commons, xviii : 387-381 (July 6, 1907). Hiram House Main Building, 2723 Orange Avenue, S. E. (March, 1900-). Nearby on Orange Avenue are the Gymnasium and Auditorium, Model Cottage house- keeping center, four residence cottages, and Hiram House Playground. Summer Plant, Hiram House Camp, Chagrin Falls, Ohio Established July 3, 1896, by George A. Bellamy and group of residents, "to provide a center for higher civic and social life; to promote physical and moral instruction and improvement; and to assist in efforts making for neigh- borhood betterment.” Incorporated 1898. Neighborhood. A mixed factory and tenement quarter. “The original site of Hiram House had 90 per cent Hebrews. Now 90 per cent are Italians. The congestion has increased 100 per cent. Moral conditions on many blocks are serious.”—1909.OHIO 257 Activities. Efforts for sanitary betterment in co-operation with the city departments. Made several investigations into the housing of the neighbor- hood, furnished material which assisted in securing more adequate housing laws and increased public school accommodations, play spaces, public baths and recreational facilities. Its own playground has provided the only play space in its district; and its baths are now being carried on by the city. It has from time to time used its influence for the election of a better type of ward officials, and through its civic educational work with young people has raised the neigh- borhood standard of political service, and furnished to the city several notably public-spirited city officials. Maintains public library and reading room; kindergarten; penny provident bank; clinic and district nurse; milk station; playground and winter skating rink; recrea- tion rooms and gymnasium; classes in English, sewing, cooking, crocheting, shirtwaist making, embroidery, music (piano and singing); gymnastics, manual training, printing, sketching, singing, clubs for adults, young people and children; orchestra; many entertain- ments, lectures, socials, etc. Summer Work.—Playground, organized as “ Progress City,” including industrial, play and civic training; milk and baby hygiene work; summer camp with provision for all classes; picnics, excursions, etc. Spring and fall parties to the camp. Former Locations. 272 Washington St., July, 1896-October, 1896; 141 Orange St., Oct., 1896-Spring, 1897; 183 Orange St., Spring, 1897-1900. Residents. Women 22, men 14. Volunteers. Women 42, men 70. Head Resident. George A. Bellamy, 1896-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Reports by Warden. Hiram House Life, April, 1899; March, 1900: May, 1901; May, 1902; Sept., 1904 — Reports, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1908, 1909, 1910 — Hiram House Life, i, No. 1 (Apr., 1899); ii, No. 1 (Oct., 1899); iii, No. 1 (Jan., 1901); Bellamy, George A.: Work in a Settlement. Christian Cen- tury, Nov. 24, 1904. See also: Cleveland’s New Settlement. Commons, Aug., 1896 — Hiram House Settlement. Outlook, liv . 299-300 (Aug. 15, 1896) — Social Work in Cleveland. Com- mons, Oct., 1896 — Description of Hiram House. Outlook, lv : 851 (Mar. 27, 1897) — Hiram House. Commons, June, 1897 — Hiram House. Commons, Aug., 1897 — Carlton, Elizabeth: Work for Girls at Hiram House. Social Service, Feb., 1904 — Hiram House, Cleveland. Commons, Nov., 1904, pp. 572-574 — McClure, W. Frank: Social Settlements. New Age M., July, 1906 — Griffin, Mary: A Settlement Meeting Neighborhood Needs. Char, and Commons, xvii : 1047 (Mar. 9, 1907) — Bushnell, C. J.: Hiram House. World Today, xii : 532 — Poole, Ernest: The Story of Manual Levine. Outlook, OcX. 26, 1907. Lend-a-Hand House (Undenominational) Corner Cedar and East Seventy-seventh Streets Established 1892, by Florence Harkness “for social and religious work.” Incorporated 1892. Maintains day nursery; kindergarten; kindergarten training school; library and reading room; gymnasium and boys’club; sewing school; Sunday school; Sunday even- ing religious services; midweek Bible classes. Volunteers. Women 6, men a, Superintendents. Mr. and Mrs. W. S. Brown. 18258 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS West Side Cottage (Methodist) 3000 Bridge Avenue Established 1904, as a branch of the Methodist Episcopal Deaconess Home. Aims “ to meet the varied needs of the neighborhood as we are able.” Neighborhood. Mixed; Hungarian prevailing. Maintains day nursery; kindergarten; classes in kitchen gardening and sewing; clubs for boys; branch of the Babies’ Dispensary and Hospital; certified milk station; penny savings; neighborhood visiting. Head Resident. Mary E. Johnston, Deaconess. COLUMBUS South Side Settlement (Methodist) 318 Barthman Avenue Established September, 1909, by the committee on settlement work of the Deaconess Board, "to elevate the large population of foreigners in the neigh- borhood.” Maintained by the Woman's Home Mission Society of the different Methodist churches of Columbus and throughout the Ohio Conference. Neighborhood. "The center of a population of from three to four thousand foreigners, among whom you will find Hungarians, Italians, Austrians, Poles, Slavs, Belgians, French, and many others." Maintains kindergarten; dispensary; district nurses; classes in sewing; Boys’ Improvement Club; mothers’ meeting. Summer Work.—Dispensary. Residents. Women 1, men 1. Volunteers. Women 8, men 5. Superin- tendent. Josie B. Hillman. Literature. Leaflet. St. Paul's Neighborhood House (Center) 950 Curtis Avenue Established February, 1910, by St. Paul’s Episcopal Church. "Our principal aim is to be good neighbors.” Maintained by the church, but no religious work attempted. Neighborhood. "The vicinity of the Pan Handle Railroad shops and yards. There are also large industrial concerns which manufacture railroad supplies. The popula- tion is mainly American wage-earners. The houses for the most part are poor, dirty and in bad repair. While the people are not criminal, there is much disregard for law and order.’’ Maintains kindergarten; branch of public library; sewing school; boys’ clubs; girls’ clubs for dressmaking and domestic science. Considerable carefully regulated charity under direction of the Associated Charities. For information address Rev. John M. McGann, Rector St. Paul's Church. West Side Settlement (Congregational) (Formerly The Woman’s Guild Settlement) 511 West Broad Street Established May, 1905, by the Woman’s Guild of the First Congrega- tional Church. Maintained by women of the guild.OHIO 259 Neighborhood. Called “Happy Hollow/' adjacent to the railroad tracks. Maintains kindergarten; library and reading room; district nursing service; kit- chen garden; classes in gymnasium (boys, girls, and married women), music (piano and chorus), sewing, and cooking; dramatic club; mothers’ club; summer gardens. Residents. Women i, men i. Volunteers. 15 to 20. Managers. Mr. and Mrs. J. W. Sleppey. Godman Guild House 468-470 West Goodale Street (Nov., 1900-) Established 1898, by persons connected with the Ohio State University “to carry on social settlement work.” In June, 1899, the Neighborhood Guild Association of Columbus was incorporated “to provide a center for a higher civic and social life; to institute and maintain educational and philanthropic enterprises; and to investigate and improve the conditions in the industrial districts of Columbus.” Aims “to meet primarily the conditions in one section of Columbus and to extend its influence and activities to other sections of the city as soon as its efficiency permitted. To extend social education and civic responsibility.” Supported by endowment and subscription. Neighborhood. “A congested tenement district, bounded on two sides by fac- tories and railway yards; with some 'business,’—nearly half saloons. The houses are largely one and two-story frame dwellings; largely with city water, though there are many wells. Nearly one-half are without sewer connection. The ‘alley’ streets, upon which no drainage is provided, outnumber the main ones. The lighting is only fair. Lax housing and sanitary regulations, unreliable garbage collection, the promiscuous use of alleys and vacant lots as dumping grounds, and the prevalence of unpaved streets, make it difficult to secure any considerable transformation in either the physical or moral aspect of the quarter. “ The problem of the neighborhood seems to be one of the larger civic and social communities,—this neighborhood is powerless to bring about its own social improvement by itself. It is the product of forces without itself and can be substantially improved only by the modification of these forces which have made it. The neighborhood is like a man with a millstone upon his breast. Society and the state has put the millstone there and the neighborhood cannot rise until society and the state have helped to roll the stone away. We are meeting this civic and social problem by some efforts for public education and legislation only. In the settlement itself we are working to understand and perform the vital process of real association that we may hold our young people over into citizenship and that we may help the adult to understand well the business of men and women. In the settlement we wish all members to take greater responsibility, enjoying commensurate freedom and the privilege of the experience of real democracy. “The population is Irish-American, Negro and I talian in the order named. German, Welsh, Hungarian, Jewish, and Lithuanian nationalities are present in small numbers. Negroes and Italians are rapidly increasing,—the Italians getting the economic advantage.” Activities. Influential in spreading the social settlement idea in Columbus. It has given workers for social and civic betterment their first experience in that field. Assisted actively in securing child labor laws, munici- pal playgrounds, baths, and social centers; secured the co-operation of civic bodies and business associates for public comfort stations, cleaning-up campaigns, etc. It has the co-operation of the neighborhood improvement association,26o HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS and is now organizing a neighborhood charity committee composed of busi- ness men and representatives of charitable societies and churches. Maintains clubs, gymnasium, and domestic science classes drawn from the entire city. The nursing and dispensary work is in co-operation with the district nurses and in- cludes simply the general neighborhood as does the charity work, in which the settlement acts in an advisory way and co-operates with the charitable societies. The house probation officer confines her work to the general neighborhood. All other branches are practically neighborhood activities, i. e., the library and reading room, game rooms, baths, etc. Summer Work.—House open to the neighborhood the entire year. Clubs and classes only are discontinued during the summer. Special summer features; the playground; free baths for children; summer classes in housekeeping for girls; home gardens for children; summer camp (Flint Station, O.) Former Location. 465 W. Goodale St., 1898-1900. Residents. Women 5, men 4. Volunteers. Women 52, men 16. Head Residents. Mr. and Mrs. Franklin Schatt, 1898-1903; Wallace E. Miller, June, 1903- June, 1906; Charles H. Holbrook, Aug., 1906-June, 1908; J. W. Wheeler, October, 1908-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Seventh Annual Report, 1905 — State- ments, 1906 and 1910. See also: Neighborhood Guild. Columbus Sunday Despatch, Feb. 4, 1900 — Bell, F. L.: Social Settlements, Columbus, O. — Ann. Amer. Acad, of Pol. and Soc. Sci., xix : 175-8 (May, 1902) — Report, Columbus Chamber of Commerce, 1910. Committee on Charities and Correction — Some New Settlements. Commons, Jan. 31, 1900 — The Neighborhood Guild. Commons, Jan., 1901 — The First Neighbor- hood Guild. Charities, xii : 955 (Sept. 24, 1904). TOLEDO North Toledo Settlement 3146 Summit Avenue Established October 23, 1904, under private auspices, and controlled by a council of women, “to provide educational and social advantages in an in- dustrial community.” Neighborhood. North Toledo is largely a tenement quarter. The people are French-Canadian, American, and German. Maintains clubs for boys and girls, young people and women. Classes in sewing, sloyd and gymnastics. Summer Work.—Playground and library. Residents. Women 1. Volunteers. Women 8, men 2. Head Residents. Mary Moore, Oct., 1905-Sept., 1906; Elizabeth Bailey, Sept., 1906-June, 1908; Clara L. Adams, June, 1908-Dec. 25, 1909; Agnes Aitken, Jan. 1, 1910-June, 1910; (Mrs.) Harriet N. Chase, Oct., 1910-. YOUNGSTOWN Christ’s Mission Kindergarten Center (Undenominational) 23 Doud’s Alley (Sept., 1908-) Established 1904, as an outgrowth of a Gospel Mission, sewing school, and mothers’ meeting (begun in 1893), and three kindergartens (1895), “forOREGON 26l religious and social work.” “To save the soul you must save the man.” Non- sectarian. Incorporated February 13, 1902. Neighborhood. ‘‘An immigrant quarter of the city. The housing is bad; three tenements are built upon a lot. About 1600 unmarried foreigner^live in boarding houses, mostly saloon boarding houses. There are thirty-two nationalities in Youngstown; sixteen of which are represented in our night school and twelve in the kindergarten. There are more Italians than any other nationality, but there are many Slavs, Hungarians, Poles, Greeks, Syrians, etc.” Maintains chapel service; Bible school; gospel meetings; two kindergartens; day nursery; public laundry; shower baths; rummage sales; employment agency; sewing school; night school for foreigners; classes in sewing, cooking, physical culture, basketry, and music; health talks; musical service; socials. Summer Work.—Vacations for children at the Union Fresh Air Camp; playground; night school; open air Gospel meetings and Sunday School; employment agency. Former Locations. 408 East Federal St., 1893-April, 1905. Near 360 East Federal St., Apr., 1905-1908. Residents. Women 7, men 1. Head Residents. Alberta Patterson, Aug., 1904-Sept., 1908; Rev. P. H. Metcalf, Sept., 1908-. Literature. Authorized Articles. Reports, 1907, 1908, 1909 (contains chron- ology). OREGON PORTLAND Neighborhood House (Center) Founded 1896, by the Portland section of the Council of Jewish Women “to be a center of neighborhood activity.” Neighborhood. The people are Russians, Hungarians, Italians, Slavs, etc. Maintains library; kindergarten; night school; sewing school; cooking school; manual training; gymnasium; mothers’ meetings; dances; visiting. For information apply to Mrs. S. M. Blumauer, Portland, Oregon.PENNSYLVANIA ERIE Neighborhood House (Presbyterian) 324 East Third Street Established March, 1910, by the Woman’s Home Missionary Society of the First Presbyterian Church, “to raise the standard of living and make better citizens of the foreigners in the neighborhood.” Maintained for six months by this society, then as the work grew beyond the local organization it was given over to the Erie Presbyterian Society for Home Missions. Neighborhood. The people are Italians, Poles, Slavs, and Russians. Maintains kindergarten; sewing school; girls* club; story hour; mothers’meeting. Head Worker. Ruby K. Badger, 1910-. Volunteers. Women 5. PHILADELPHIA GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY Swift, Morrison I.: The Social University, 1890. Davies, Anna F.: Settlements in Philadelphia, Commons, November, 1901, pp. 7-9. A Glance at the Philadelphia Settlements. Commons, May, 1905, pp. 295-300. Dinwiddie, Emily W.: Housing Conditions in Philadelphia. (Octavia Hill Assn., Report, 1904.) Some Aspects of Italian Housing and Social Conditions in Philadelphia. Charities, xii : 490-493 (May 7, 1904). The College Settlement 433 (1899), 431 (1900), 429 (1902), 435 (1905) Christian Street (1905-); $02 South Front Street (1902-); 100 Lombard Street (1903-). Social Center at Wrightsville, Point Breeze. Country House, Chalkley Hall, Frankford. Use of houses at Ocean City and in the country lent by Fanny Cochran, Ocean City. 429-435 CHRISTIAN STREET Established in September, 1899. Supported by a grant from the College Settlements Association, by subscriptions, and by board of residents. Neighborhood. Located in the most markedly foreign quarter of Philadelphia. “As Poles, Germans, Russians, and Italians, with other nationalities in less numbers, have poured into southeastern Philadelphia, they have pushed before them the earlier inhabitants. The lower strata of the displaced population are always the last to be affected. As the more free and able element departs it weakens or destroys, by the mere departure, the developed forms of communal life. Schools, churches, libraries, and local associations lose their vitality so far as the locality in question is concerned. The incoming population 262PENNSYLVANIA 263 finds the material shell of a vanishing society, which leaves, in general, only its dregs to the supplanter. The slipping away of the old life from the foreign quarter must be counted an important factor among the causes of its depression. It means absentee landlordism— fruitful aid to all tendencies toward bad sanitation and overcrowding; it means a lowering of the average economic conditions of the quarter, and a consequent narrowing of range in industries and employment; it means not only the absence of the stimulus presented by the developed forms of religion and education, but the absence of the restraints which they create; it means the destruction of the better forms of social and political life, which, if they could be maintained in situ, would work naturally as models for imitation. “In Wards I to V the population is in round numbers 138,000, spread over an area of 1203 acres. They contain about one-fifteenth of the city's area, and something over one-tenth of its people. Within these, 22 acres are in open spaces—one one-hundred- and-eightieth of the park area of the city." Activities. Secured sanitary improvements on a number of streets and alleys; the better care of tenement housing, especially one city square upon which it has repeatedly concentrated its efforts; the clearing up of a dump; the paving of several small streets, etc. In education the house has saved a kindergarten to the district, secured Special School No. 6, and through residents on the Sectional school board, kept the need of better educational facilities for its district before the public. Carried on probation work in co-operation with the juvenile court, prevention work of the same general nature, and provided through friends for the salaries of two probation officers over a six-year period. Entered the reform campaign of 1905, provided pre-election canvassers, mem- bers of ward and division committees, circulated literature, organized meetings, served watchers’ lunches, and added residential local knowledge to the cause of clean politics. Two residents were elected to the Sectional school board of the Fifth Ward in 1906. Acted as a headquarters in the shirtwaist strike of 1909-10. For a list of investigations undertaken by residents see Literature (page 267). Maintains kindergarten; library; bank; physician's aid; magistrate and juvenile court work; rummage sale; women's social; dancing school; music school (established Fall, 1908); game library; picture library; open house; entertainments, etc. Classes in gymnastics, singing, sewing, millinery, cooking, drawing, etc.; adult night school and tutor- ing. Numerous clubs for children and young people. Summer Work.—Bank; library; play yards; roof gardens; clubs; classes in English for adults; orchestral practice; danc- ing social in open air; musical evenings. Picnics and excursions, including a number of special annual country parties and events looked forward to. Spring and Fall week-end excursions and picnics. Vacation work at the Chalkley Hall Country Club (average household of thirty), and for three years a house at Ocean City, maintained by Miss Coch- ran for five weeks and by the settlement for three weeks (household of twenty members). Sf. Mary Street Neighborhood (April, 1892-Sept., 1899) 617 St. Mary Street, and Stuart Memorial Hall Established April 9, 1892, to take over the work of the St. Mary Street Library Association (opened Oct. 30, 1884), the members of the library commit- tee joining the executive committee of the College Settlement.264 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Neighborhood. “The settlement is situated on St. Mary Street, one of Phila- delphia’s many small streets lying in the neighborhood of Sixth and Lombard. St. Mary Street is two blocks in length; on one side of it is the shopping street of the poor people; on the other lodging houses and small stores of the Negro population; while the intersecting streets are populated by Slavic Jews and the representatives of many peoples who form a mixed population with no prevailing elements. All of these streets are crossed and re- crossed by a network of alleys, the houses in which are small and occupied by Negroes. St. Mary Street itself is in a hopeful state of transition. Its early record was so bad that its name was synonymous for all that is dishonest and criminal, but its present aspect is a most encouraging tribute to personal work in such sections. “ It is a neighborhood full of promise for those who feel an interest in working with the lower stratum of the poor, a stratum which requires more effort for the tangible good accomplished than is required in a higher one, and also requires more personal influence from the workers and greater promptness in carrying through the work. The want of these elements made the usual modes of volunteer workers, giving occasional time, un- substantial, and made the committee in charge of the previous work there anxious to have the resident force which could be supplied in no other way than by a settlement.” 1892. Activities, (i) Civic.—Studied the housing of the district; secured the repairing of several streets (1893); brought about co-operation between the board of health, the public authorities, and the landlords, which resulted in better sanitary conditions (1893 ff.); secured additional lighting, etc. (2) Play Spaces.—Had a part in securing the enlargement of Starr Garden into a park (1895); maintained playgrounds at different times in co-operation with city agencies; turned its library over to the Philadelphia Public Library (1894), the assistant librarian continuing in residence. (3) Education.—Made (1892) a school canvass of its district, and con- tinued informal school visiting work thereafter. Secured the first summer kindergarten in the city (1893); conducted an experiment in school children’s lunches (1894-5), in the course of which the mothers of children were visited and much social work done; secured the evening use of the sloyd equipment at the Forten School for a class of colored boys, and the use of the cooking equipment for such classes. (4) Economic.—In the industrial crisis of 1893-4, acted as a relief station, carried on industry in its own plant, and stood between the relief committee and the needy. Collected rents (1893) and thereby gained much housing in- formation; organized a coal club (1893) to provide coal in small lots and at moderate prices, collecting weekly or through the penny savings system; and opened (October, 1895) a kitchen and coffee house, which provided good food at moderate charges (later turned over to a separate committee, 1897). (5) Health.—Resident medical service (1892) which was carried on until the autumn of 1896, the need of such service having been met by the dispensaries. A resident nursing service was then begun in co-operation with the Visiting Nurses' Association. (6) Politics.—Several campaigns to place women on the school board. In 1895 it shared in a canvass of the Seventh Ward, and carried on an aggressive campaign for two representatives on the Sectional school board. AlthoughPENNSYLVANIA 265 defeated, it continued the fight the next year; secured a revision of the assessor’s list, whereon were many fraudulent names, and did much educational work. In 1897 it again carried on a losing fight, but made the best showing for an inde- pendent candidate ever made in one of the most boss-ridden and corrupt sec- tions of the city. (7) Labor.—Studied the bakeries in 1895 and aided the bakers in their contention for better conditions. In 1895 the head worker was a member of the joint committee of the Toynbee Society and the Women’s Union to study the street-car strike. (8) Education of Public.—Carried on the first efforts in its city to train social workers. It organized its Visitors’ Club (1894), provided a series of lec- tures covering various phases of social effort (Winter, 1895-6); organized a social service conference, to which it brought experts from without the city (Spring, 1896); and carried on a class in practical sociology (1897). Literature. History of a Street. Starr Center, January, 1901. ROOSEVELT HOUSE (The Front Street Branch) 502 South Front Street; 100 Lombard Street Established. Residence taken up in 1902 (January) though the house had been a social center for some four years previous. For two years one resi- dent had made her home on the second floor, and had acted as rent collector and house friend to the other tenants—all one-room householders. On her necessary departure the settlement had been asked to undertake the same work with the tenants, and to carry on neighborhood work in part of the house, three rooms being offered rent free. The work was carried on for two years without resi- dence. Beginning in 1902 the other rooms of the house were acquired for settle- ment purposes; then the basement of the house at 100 Lombard Street; later the ground floor; and in 1905 the Settlement induced the Board of Education to open 504 South Front Street as a special school. In 1906 the board granted the use of the school yard for playground purposes outside of school hours; in 1909 the use of the school building was granted for neighborhood work. Neighborhood. Almost on the river front, surrounded by a varied and floating population. The section abounds in cheap lodging houses, saloons and furnished room houses. The ward is malodorous with every form of corruption. The people are Irish, Poles, Jews, and Italians, with other nationalities less numerously represented. Maintains public school kindergarten and playground; bank; libraries of books, pictures and games; classes in gymnastics, dancing, singing, millinery, sewing; adults’ work in English; boys’ and girls’ clubs; socials; women’s club, etc. WRIGHTSVILLE Established. Social work established in 1902 as an outgrowth of the altruism of Cornelia Hancock, for many years managing agent of a number ofHANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS 266 houses near the Point Breeze Oil Works. In 1909 the institutional activities were transferred to the public school, which is now used as the center. Neighborhood. “Point Breeze is not in the country, though it sounds like it. It is located at the extreme southwestern end of the city about the plants of the oil re- fineries and subsidiary industries. The section is almost a social desert, being too far from the city to reach easily the cheap amusements, and helpless to develop substitutes above the level of the saloon and street corner. The people are Hungarians and are almost over-thrifty, lacking the power to find the best of life, doing little else than earn, eat and sleep/* Maintains. In 1906 a summer kindergarten was established (co-opera- tion of Civic Club), which later resulted in securing a public kindergarten. An athletic field has been maintained in co-operation with one of the “Point” industries, which loaned the land. The opening of the public school as a center greatly strengthens the work. The policemen of the district have given intelli- gent co-operation. Library; gymnastics; penny savings bank; singing; play hours; games; sewing. (See College Settlement Reports, 1902, 1906, and 1910.) Former Locations. College Settlement Centers. 617 St. Mary Street (later Carver St. and now Rodman St.), 1892-1899. Coffee House and Kitchen, Seventh and Lombard Sts., 1895-1899. Chalkley Hall Country Club (lent by Mr. and Mrs. Edward Wetherill, 1902-). Residents. Women 16, men 3. Volunteers. Women 107, men 33. Head Residents. Fannie W. McLean, April 1, 1892-July 1, 1892; Helena S. Dudley, Sept. 13, 1892-July 3, 1893; Katherine B. Davis, October, 1893-July 31, 1897; Anna Freeman Davies, January, 1898-. Literature. I. Authorized Statements. Annual Reports of the Philadelphia College Settlement, 1893-1909. Programs, circulars, etc. — College Settlement News, i, No. 1 (April, 1895); Vol. ii (1897); iii, No. 5 (June, 1909) — The News of the College Settlement of Philadelphia (Printed now and then), i, No. 1 (Dec., 1898) — The Phila- delphia Settlement. Pamphlet, 1898. See also: Campbell, Jane: The Possibilities of a Neglected Street. Woman’s Progress (Philadelphia), May, 1893 — A College Settlement Coffee House (Philadelphia College Settlement). The Philadelphia Press, Jan. 19, 1896 — The Philadelphia College Settlement. Commons, vii, No. 78 (Jan., 1903) — Philadelphia Settlement Notes (The Chalkley Hall Country Club). Commons, viii, No. 84 (July, 1903) — College Settlement, Philadelphia. Commons, ix : 436-438 (Sept., 1904) — A Study in Contrast (The Chalkley Hall Country Club). Commons, ix : 500-504 (Oct., 1904) — Sayles, Mary B.: Settlement Workers and Their Work. Outlook, 78, No. 5 (Oct. 1, 1904) — College Settlement Pro- bation Work. Commons, May, 1902 — Bemheimer, Charles S.: Social Workers and Phila- delphia’s Political Reform. Char, and Commons, xv : 889 (Mar. 17, 1906) — From “Lady Bums’’ to the Ward Grafters. Char, and Commons, xv : 574 (Feb. 3, 1906) — Pamphlets to be obtained at the settlement: (1) Fox, Hannah: Tenement House Work in St. Mary Street, (2) Wharton, Susan P.: The College Settlement Kitchen and Coffee House, (3) The College Settlement Kitchen and Coffee House; reprint from paper read by Kath- erine B. Davis before the Civic Club, March, 1895. Ann. Amer. Acad., of Pol. and Soc. Sci. ix : 1378 (March, 1900). (4) Johnson, Alice A.: Report of Penny Lunches Served atPENNSYLVANIA 267 Public Schools, 1894-95 — Dinwiddie, Emily W.: Housing Conditions in Philadelphia. Octavia Hill Association, 1904 — Du Bois, W. E. B., and Eaton, Isabel: The Philadelphia Negro. Boston, Ginn and Co., 1899. (Introduction by Prof. S. M. Lindsay.) — Fried, Miss: Study of Conditions of Living of Immigrant Hebrew Girls for Intermunicipal Com- mittee on Household Research — Jones, Edith: An Investigation for the Child Labor Committee which prepared the way for the legislative work of the Committee in 1905. — Keay, Frances Anne: Studies of Labor Conditions Among American Seamen. The Sailor in Port: Philadelphia, Cbar. and Commons, xvii : 712-716 (Jan. 19, 1907). The Wages of Seamen. Cbar. and Commons, xvii : 845-848 (Feb., 1907). II. Social Studies by Residents. Shapleigh, Amelia: A Study of Dietaries. To be obtained from secretary of association. III. Articles by Residents and Direc- tors. Davies, Anna F.: Settlements in Philadelphia. Commons, vi, No. 64 (Nov., 1901). The Philadelphia Textile Strike. Commons, ix : 30 (January, 1904). A Glance at the Philadelphia Settlements. 111. Commons, x : 295-300 (May, 1905). Land Values and Ownership in Philadelphia. Bulletin of the Bureau of Labor, No. 50, January, 1904 — Davis, Katherine B.: Home Life in a College Settlement. The Passarian (Vassar College), June, 1895. A Settlement’s Share in the Recent Campaign. Paper in The Story of a Woman’s Municipal Campaign. Phil., Ann. Amer. Acad, of Pol. and Soc. Set. — Fox, Hannah: University Settlement in Philadelphia. Lend a Hand, xi : 43 (1893). Tenement House Work in St. Mary Street. Ann. Amer. Acad, of Pol. and Soc. Sci., ix : 137 (March, 1900). The College Settlement at Philadelphia. Commons, vii, No. 71 (June, 1902) — Jones, Edith: Probation in Practice. Cbar. and Commons, xvii : 980-987 (Mar. 2, 1907) — Scudder, Vida D.: A Glimpse into Life. Wellesley M., Feb., 1893 — Van Gasken, Dr. Frances C.: Tenement Life in Philadelphia. Report made to Civic Club. Philadelphia Press, March 12, 1895 — Woods, Katherine Pierson: The College Settlements. Cburcb- maw, Oct. 6 and 13, 1894; January, 1895. The Philadelphia College Settlement. Evangel, Dec., 1894. The Settlement Music School 433 Christian Street Founded March, 1911, by residents and associates of the College Settle- ment to continue the work of the College Settlement Music School (organized Nov., 1909). Affiliated with the College Settlement. “It is not the aim of the institution to develop great artists, but to carry music into homes where its influence has the deepest possibilities for the enrichment of human lives.’’ Maintained by subscriptions. Neighborhood. (See The College Settlement, page 262.) Maintains class and individual instruction in instrumental and vocal music. Head Worker. Johan Grolle. Literature. The Settlement Music School in Philadelphia. Pamphlet. 1911. Eighth Ward Settlement House 922 (1895), 926 (1906-), 928 (1905-), Locust Street. Country House, Paper Mill, Pennsylvania Established 1895, by private citizens, for sanitary, industrial, educa- tional, and social work among Negroes. Maintained by private contributions. Neighborhood. “The neighborhood is segregated for immoral purposes, and268 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS thriving under police protection. The immorality is shared by whites and Negroes alike, with a decidedly growing increase of the white element. Small stores carried on by Jews, and restaurants by Greeks, the latter a recent and most undesirable ingredient. "Our problem—once removed—is, of course, the immorality of the neighborhood. Actually it is the far famed inertness of respectable Philadelphia. For more than a genera- tion static virtue has carefully avoided us, even though we murder, rape, and steal under its very nose; so dynamic vice goes cheerfully on its way, undisturbed, and politically en- couraged and comfortably protected/* Activities. "In sharing its life with the colored people, our settlement has its unique problem, for it deals not with a race that is intellectually hungry, but with a race at the sensation stage of its evolution, and the treatment de- manded is different.” The first work of the house was sanitary. Pressure was brought to bear on careless city officials and indifferent landlords. A broom brigade of a dozen boys cleaned alleys three times a week. Electric lights, asphalt pavements, and underground drainage instead of surface have improved the physical conditions. “We are a wholly private philanthropy, working very quietly in a thoroughly criminal neighborhood. The very material we have to deal with prevents us from being either attractive or successful. We are just ourselves, 'inching along/ And the peace we have not, we wish for others.” Maintains sanitary work (continuous); kindergarten; public baths; laundry; savings fund; basket weaving; hammock making; women’s club; dancing class. Sum- mer Work.—Country house at Paper Mill, Pa., “Happyland.” Playgrounds, 926-8 Locust Street. Open air dance hall on the playground. Head Residents. Rev. Edgar Johnson, 1895-1896; (Mrs.) Grace Mallery Ting- ley, 1896-1900; Frances R. Bartholomew, 1900-. Literature. Bartholomew, Frances R.: The Eighth Ward Settlement, Phila- delphia. Commons, viii, No. 81 (Apr., 1903) — Davies, Anna F.: Settlements in Phila- delphia (The Eighth Ward Settlement). Commons, vi, No. 64 (Nov., 1901). A Glance at the Philadelphia Settlements. Commons, x : 295-300 (May, 1905) — A Northern Social Settlement for Negroes. Southern Workman, Feb., 1906, pp. 99-102. Evening Home and Library Association (Center) 25 South Van Pelt Street Founded 1886, as a boys’ club by persons connected with the Uni- tarian Church in a room in its building; a special plant erected in 1894. In 1906 a “group of resident supervisors” was installed and the work enlarged to include activities for girls. “ 11 is chiefly through pleasure that temptation comes to youth. Therefore to provide pleasure free of temptation is an urgent necessity of true civilization. In its endeavor to furnish wholesome amusement to a large number of men and boys and an increasing number of women and girls, the Evening Home desires to enlist the sympathy of all good citizens.” Neighborhood. “Situated on the very border of the best residential section of the city, but close to the small homes occupied by poor people, near the Baltimore and Ohio and Pennsylvania railroad tracks. The boys frequenting the club are mostly Irish-Amer- ican, but during the last few years a greater number of Negroes are noticed among them.”PENNSYLVANIA 269 Maintains playground; gymnastic classes; public baths; drawing class; singing club; printing class; stamp savings; game rooms; clothing sales; carpentry; dancing; entertainments. Resident Matron. Mabel Rhett. October, 1906-. Neighborhood House (Formerly Neighborhood Guild and Minster Street Neighborhood Guild) 609 Addison Street (Aug., 1909-) Established July 1, 1893, by Charles S. Daniel “for neighborhood im- provement in every way,—political, social, sanitary/’ “fVbat IVe Stand For. It is a group of persons who choose to live where they seem to be most needed. It is little of an organization and much of a personal relation. It is being to the people all possible good rather than a build- ing up of a well-constructed machinery. It is not a church, but a helper to all churches. It is not a charity, but aids and co-operates with all existing charities. It is not an exclusive social circle, but seeks to be a center of the best social and family life. It is not a school, but seeks to be a center of the best culture. It directs the children to the nearest school. It seeks to be a force in which personality is paramount/’ (1908.) Mr. Daniel brought his family to live in the neighborhood in August, 1893. “We believe a community ought to be so sweetened as to make family life tolerable. Every corner of a city ought to be a fit place for a refined and educated family to live in, in brotherhood with their neighbors.’’ Neighborhood. A downtown portion of the city, formerly noted for its generally degenerate character. The people, once largely Negroes, have changed to Russians, Hun- garians, etc., the Jews predominating. Activities. Constant effort to improve the sanitary standards of the neighborhood through complaint and education. Constant protest and personal work against corrupt political methods resulted in greatly reducing a padded voting list, and making it easier to cast an honest ballot. Waste of city money prevented through the exposure of dishonest city contracts. Various protests against the waste in city departments through duplication of men, etc. Maintains a library; sewing school; Sunday evening lectures; classes in cooking, etc. Former Location. 618 Addison St. (formerly Minster St.) 1893-1909. Residents. Family of Mr. Daniel. Volunteers. Women, 6. Literature. I. Authorized Statements. Neighborhood House. Leaflet pub- lished monthly and obtained at 609 Addison St., Phila. (Formerly called The Na^arene). See also: Neighborhood Evolution. E. B. W. Amer. Journ. of Socioi., x : (July, 1904) — Minster Street Guild. Commons, Oct., 1896 — Minster Street Reports. Commons, Feb., 1897 — Davies, Anna F.: A Glance at the Philadelphia Settlements. Commons, x: 295-300 (May, 1905). II. Social Studies by Residents. Daniel, Charles S.: Ai, a Social Vision. 1893.270 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Social Service Settlement House (Center) 624 South Tenth Street (Oct., 1910-) Established November, 1909, by the Juvenile Protective Association "as a force for the moral, social, and intellectual welfare of the community.” Maintained by the Association. Neighborhood. The people are Italian, Negro, Russian and American. Maintains investigation; legislative and research work; special co-operation with the juvenile court; vocation bureau; naturalization class; employment bureau; clinic; home and school visiting; literary society; dramatic club; athletics; dancing; cooking, dressmaking and millinery. There are entertainments and various social events for children. Summer Work.Outings, etc. Former Location. 1128 Bainbridge St., 1909-1910. Directors. Henry B. Stuccator, 1909; Charles T. Walker, 1910-. Literature. Service (monthly), i, No. 1 (Jan., 1909); ii, No. 1 (Jan., 1910) — Various leaflets. Southwark House ioi Ellsworth Street (1906-); 1010 and 1012 South Front Street (1909-); 1014 South Front Street (1910-) Established October, 1906, by the Philadelphia Society for Ethical Culture as the outgrowth of various independent forms of club and social work carried on since 1894. The aim is "primarily one of moral education and in- fluence, and the improvement of neighborhood conditions.” Neighborhood. “Characterized by bad housing conditions, filthy streets, a low standard of life and appalling poverty. . . . The population . . . includes a small proportion of Americans, including Irish-Americans, and a larger and ever-increasing percentage of Russian Jews, Poles, and Lithuanians. The American contingent includes a depressed section, the dregs of a once prosperous community, and a small proportion of comparatively well-to-do people.” (1907.) Maintains kindergarten; modified milk station; trained nurse; library and read- ing room; Sunday evening lectures and concerts; mothers’ club; Second Ward branch of the Civic Club; clubs and classes for boys and girls—cooking, gymnastic games, carpentry, dramatics, sewing, dancing, singing; stamp savings; coal fund. Summer Work.—Summer camp; excursions; baths; resident service; roof garden nursery for sick babies. Residents. Women 5, men 1. Volunteers. Women 45, men 10. Head Resident. Janet Hayes (Mrs. J. H. Davis), 1906; (Mrs.) Mary M. Adams, 1907-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Reports for 1907, 1908, 1909. See also: News Letter of Ethical Society of Chicago. Jan., 1906; March, 1907 — Southwark House, Philadelphia. Char, and Commons, xvi ; 598 (Sept. 15, 1906) — Southwark House. Philadelphia Times, Oct. 22, 1909 — Southwark House. News Letters of Ethical Society of Philadelphia, October, 1909, to May, 1910. Spring Street Settlement 1223-1225 Spring Street Established September 18, 1906, as Spring Street Mission by members of the Pennsylvania Society for Promoting the Abolition of Slavery "to carryPENNSYLVANIA 271 on a neighborhood work for colored boys and girls and a civic center of good influence for their people.” Chartered in 1909 as Spring Street Settlement “to maintain a charitable undertaking having for its object the improvement of the moral, social, industrial, and domestic conditions of the people of the Negro race in the city of Philadelphia and vicinity, by means of instruction in the useful arts; by providing lectures on improving and enlightening subjects; by the maintenance of gymnasia and reading rooms wherein they may be pro- vided with entertainment and means of recreation; by visitation among them; by furnishing those who may be in need with food, clothing, lodging and other material assistance; and by such other lawful means as are likely to further the object named.” Supported by subscriptions. Neighborhood. “Located about a square to one side of one of the many colored districts which are found in Philadelphia. The particular problem of the locality is to awaken the parents of the colored children to the opportunities for education and useful manhood and womanhood which are open to their children, and to prompt those parents to co-operate with the schools and other agencies towards these ends. In common with other difficult social problems there is the bad example of the frequent separation of the parents, occasionally the father living with another woman and the mother living with another man, a practice which no doubt is a relic of the degenerating influences of slavery. “While the problems of the neighborhood are many and the settlement attempts to do its duty toward them all, there is also a particular aim on the part of the settlement to aid the colored race, by representing it in a measure before the public. To make a plea for justice, to ask that the white race shall apply the golden rule to its conduct toward the colored race; that it shall hearten and assist to develop rather than to discourage. A number of small streets in the neighborhood, in which the colored people live, are entirely taken up by them except that some Poles and a few Irish live among them.” Activities. Instrumental in securing a kindergarten at the Vaux Public School (Colored). Its visiting nurse exemplified the value of her work to the superintendent of public schools in following sick children of the poor into their homes, with the result that there are now eight visiting nurses employed under the board of public education. The establishment of public playgrounds has been encouraged. Maintains library; savings and coal fund; visiting nurse; gymnasium; cobbling; chair caning; classes in sewing and domestic science for girls; social evenings for children, boys and girls; mothers’ meetings; Sunday school. Residents. Women 2. Volunteers. Women 10, men 10. Head Resident. Anna M. Titus, Jan., 1907-. Officers. The executive officer of the board of directors in the work of the settle- ment is Ellwood Heacock. Address 2027 North College Avenue, Philadelphia, Pa. Literature. Annual Report, 1909. The Starr Center Neighborhood House, 725-727-729 Lombard Street (Feb., 1903-). Casa Ravello Branch, Seventh and Catharine Streets (Dec., 1907-) Founded October 30, 1884, by Susan P. Wharton as the “St. Mary Street Library” for colored children; and in connection with an industrial schoolHANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS 272 under the supervision of Helen L. Parrish. Within a year the Committee on St. Mary Street was formed by adding the names of Hannah Fox and Sally Fox; and the aim of the committee gradually widened to include other needs of the neighbors. In 1892 the committee invited the College Settle- ment to the neighborhood, and worked through the settlement until it moved away in 1898. A formal reorganization of the committee took place in 1900, and the name Starr Center Association was taken. “We have gone to the people systematically in order to grow into the knowledge of their way of looking at things. We consider it great misfortune when a woman with a family has to go out to work. Childhood cannot afford to grow up without those subtle and strong forces which have in all races been recognized as emanating from maternal solicitude. How to restore the mother to the home, not how to make it easy for her to leave, is our problem. We try to make easier the adjustment of foreigners to their new environment; and to lessen the friction which often results out of the aptitude of the child for the new language and his ability to adapt himself to the ways of a new country— thus placing the parent at a disadvantage. To realize not the outward differ- ences which are striking, but the inward agreements, the things all men have in common, is to understand how to help. So we have tried to approach the home, not as if it needed a new code, but as a center of experience and daily struggle common to all and sacred to all. “In all our departments we are going into the home, and each department is measured by its influence in the home. Library, kindergarten, stamp saving, coal club, Rainy Day Society, milk depots, dispensaries, penny lunches, have from the first been rooted in knowledge of the home and bound to the home by constant visiting. This long acquaintance with so many families has gained for us an influence which it is impossible to measure, and every day new families are pressing in upon us eager to share the advantages offered. At the same time, this knowledge of the homes reveals needs which clamor to be remedied, and our opportunity for service reaches out unbounded."—1910. Incorporated 1905. Neighborhood. “A narrow dirty street, a crowded alley filled with children and adults, with dogs and cats, with garbage and refuse, the air with cries and rough language. Such was St. Mary Street twenty-five years ago. Past the house where the woman, cor- nered by the police, swallowed the policy ticket, past the opening leading to a row of tumble- down dwellings, past a noisome cellar, the Stuart Memorial Church comes into view. Next to this is Mom Hewitt, with her counter of cold victuals; farther on blind Susan preaching. It seems like a show, a spectacle in which we have no part, because we are on the surface of it all, ignorant of it all, unable to understand, only repelled. The Negroes, in the early years of the work being in the ascendant, have moved west, and Russians, Poles, Hebrews, and divers other nationalities—especially Italians—have strongly entrenched themselves/* Activities, (i) Play Spaces.—The Starr Garden had its rise in an ash heap, bought by Theodore Starr in 1882. The St. Mary Street Library Com- mittee and others appealed to Councils for the enlargement of this space— through Thomas Meehan, a member of Councils, who was also the eminent Philadelphia botanist. First ordinance passed November 19, 1894, was soonPENNSYLVANIA 273 followed by the active work of clearing the spaces, at which time the St. Mary Street Library Committee had been merged in the College Settlement. The second ordinance passed December 15, 1897, and the third ordinance April 7, 1898. By 1900 the whole square between Sixth and Seventh, Lombard and St. Mary Streets was cleared for the garden. As the result of an appeal from the Starr Center Association in 1904, the city gave Starr Garden into their hands for a gymnasium and open-air play- ground. In 1905, children’s gardens were added. Three years afterwards the Philadelphia Playground Association was formed and it seemed best for the Starr Center to relinquish the control of the garden in their favor. (2) Library.—The library, begun in 1884 in the Stuart Memorial Church, moved its quarters three years later to a small, three-roomed house in the same street. In 1891 the whole church building was given to the library committee free of charge, and it was moved back again. Classes in house cleaning, car- pentry work, and in cooking were established in 1892. The library committee was then merged into the College Settlement and it was thought the work of the library would be more permanent as a branch of the Free Library of Philadelphia, which was instituted in 1894. The Free Library was a strong presence for nearly six years, when the city decided to give up the branch and the Starr Center Association again assumed charge,’ February 28, 1900. (3) Thrift Societies.—The penny savings began to be received in 1889. Two years later the stamp saving system was introduced. The first “Thrift Society’* was the Co-operative Coal Club founded in 1903. It has been self- supporting, its income being derived through annual dues from its members and the profit on coal bought by wholesale and sold at retail prices. The visitors make weekly visits to the homes of the members to collect money for coal. It numbers (1909) 1007 members with dues paid. In 1905 a sick benefit society was started in connection with the above and has been very successful under the name of the Rainy Day Society. It illustrates the working method of dealing with an abuse, such as fraudulent sick benefit societies, by substituting a good and safe method of saving for sickness. One of our subscribers has taken savings in schools under her wing by paying the Starr Center a sum sufficient for the salary of a person to collect daily small sums from the children in the schools of the Seventh Ward. (4) Foods.—As far back as 1892 the food question had been considered. Much kind and helpful interest was shown by Mrs. Ellen K. Richards of the Institute of Technology, Boston, and for six years we carried on the Starr Kitchen, from 1894 to 1900, when it was abandoned as it seemed impossible to get it upon a business basis. Out of this effort grew the penny lunches, started in 1894 by Miss Anna Johnson, graduate of the Drexel Institute. The object was to improve the lunch of school children, selling for a penny what they could get elsewhere for this sum—so as not to pauperize. The sale of modified milk began in 1903. (5) School Work.—In 1891 an appeal was made by the St. Mary Street Library Committee and others to the board of education for a good school to 19HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS 274 take the place of one notoriously bad. To Miss Hallowell, a member of the school board, belongs the honor of bringing about through her untiring efforts, this great change. An industrial school was established in 1891 as a result of frequent appeals from friends interested in the neighborhood. Hannah Ash- ley Fox has been its leading spirit as well as its superintendent from that time to this, and the school has always exerted a redeeming force in the neighborhood. Many children of kindergarten age were roaming the streets and the Starr Center Association appealed to the public schools to take these under their care, but there was not room in the school building. The alternative was to accept an offer to have a kindergarten in the Starr Center building. This was estab- lished in 1901. (6) Medical Branch.—Although previous attempts had been made, the medical work was not fairly established until 1905, when Dr. Charles M. Mont- gomery and Dr. William W. Cadbury were in charge. The Visiting Nurse Society co-operates most efficiently, and the department has now reached its greatest usefulness. The dispensary is open daily in one or the other of the centers. (7) General Propaganda.—In 1900 the University Extension Society was asked to co-operate with the Starr Center Association in a series of discussions on the Negro problem. These discussions created much interest and were addressed by people conspicuous for their loyalty to the race,—both north and south. The Neighborhood House also had seven courses of University Ex- tension lectures in its colored branch for five years beginning May 10, 1895. (8) Casa Ravello Branch.—The Casa Ravello Branch was started Decem- ber, 1907, in a densely crowded section full of Italians—four squares from the central office. Maintains children’s library; stamp savings centers; coal club and Rainy Day Society (largely work among Negroes); medical department which includes visiting nurs- ing service, various clinics, dispensary, medical calls and modified milk; kindergarten; penny lunches in the James Forten school; clubs, classes and a game room. There is much visiting in the houses, and active co-operation with various charities. Summer Work.— Picnics, outings, etc.; vacation houses or boarding homes. Former Locations. Room in Stuart Memorial Church, 1884-1887; 617 St. Mary St., 1887-1891; Stuart Memorial Church Bldg., 1891; College Settlement, St. Mary’s St., 1892-1897; Seventh and Lombard Sts., 1895 -1903. Head Workers. Jane P. Rushmore, October, 1905; Edward N. Barrows, Gen. Sec.; John R. Howard, Jr., Gen. Sec., 1909-10; Jane P. Rushmore, Mar., 1911-. Literature. I. Authorized Statements. Annual Reports. II. Occasional Papers of the Association. First Annual Report College Settle- ment Kitchen and Coffee House. January, 1897. Young, Mary Elizabeth: Co-operative Shoe Club Incident. (Why indiscriminate charity is harmful, etc.) February, 1898 — Wharton, Susan P., Smith, Anna Wharton, and McKee, Caroline A.: The Co-operative Coal Club. (Why it was started.) March, 1898 — Co-operative Shoe Club. (Its Methods and Aims.) Paper read by Miss Young, April, 1898 — Wharton, Susan P.: Co-operative Coal Club—Who Should Belong to the Coal Club? Aug., 1898 — What is the StarrPENNSYLVANIA 275 Center? Dec., 1898 — History of the Penny Lunch. Jan., 1900 — Opening (re-opening) of the Starr Library. (After the City and College Settlement had withdrawn.) March, 1900 — Syllabus of a Course of Six Lectures on the American Negro. 1900 — History of a Street (Fifty years in St. Mary Street). Jan., 1901 — A Few Facts about the Coal Club. October, 1901 — Stamp Saving Branches. Nov., 1901 — Dixon, L. B. (Libra- rian): The Starr Library. April, 1902 — Wharton, Susan P.: The Coal Club and the Strike. Nov., 1902 — The Story of the Co-operative Coal Club. By Visitors, Frazelia Campbell and Julia F. Jones. 1893-1903 — The Growth of the Starr Library. 1884-1903 — Some of the Individual Cases Helped During the Past Year — Stamp Saving Society for the Encouragement of Small Savings — Walker, Charles T.: The First Real Play- ground in Philadelphia. 1904 — Notes from Booker T. Washington. 1905 — Growth of the Pasteurized Milk. 1905 — Medical Department. 1906 — A Day with the Nurse. 1906 — Starr Garden Open-Air Gymnasium and Gardens. 1906 — Wright, R. R., Jr.: The Newspapers and The Negro. 1907. Negro Branch. 1909. III. Other Publications — Adams, J. Q. (University of Pennsylvania): A Course of Lessons in Account Keeping — Du Bois, W. E. D., Ph.D. (resident three years at the Starr Center): The Philadelphia Negro (with the co-operation of the Uni- versity of Pennsylvania) — See also: Whelpley, Philip B.: Starr Center Coal Club. Commons, vii, No. 73 (August, 1902) — Starr Center Penny Lunch Club. Commons, Dec., 1902 — Davies, Anna F.: A Glance at the Philadelphia Settlements. Commons, x : 8-9 (May, 1905). PHILADELPHIA NEIGHBORHOOD HOUSES MAINTAINING RELIGIOUS INSTRUCTION The Baptist Settlement House (Undenominational) 1156 Passyunk Avenue Founded January 29, 1906. Maintains daily kindergarten; Sunday school; industrial school; kitchen garden; classes in English and Italian; clubs for boys and girls. Bedford Street Mission Center (Undenominational) 617-625 Kater (Alaska) Street Maintains charity department; coal department; savings fund; industrial de- partment; sewing school; bathing department; Sunday school; clubs; play room; entertainments; summer outings. Calvary Settlement Center (Presbyterian) 2004 Ellsworth Street Maintains lunch room for wage workers in factory section as a substitute for saloon lunches for girls and men; children’s clubs; story hours, etc. Friends’ Neighborhood Guild (A mission for social and religious work) 151 Fairmount Avenue The aim is to uplift the people of the neighborhood, (1) by the study of the Bible in the First-day school; (2) by numerous visits to their homes by the276 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS superintendent; (3) by affording wholesome recreation through games, enter- tainments, picnics, etc.; (4) by developing their bodies through gymnastic exercises; (5) by giving lessons in sewing, cooking and instruction to mothers in the care of their children. La Nunziata House (Catholic Center) Wayne Avenue and Logan Street Established 1909, by His Grace the Most Rev. Archbishop Ryan, "for the purpose of meeting the extraordinary situation created by the sudden and large influx of European Catholics, particularly Italian. The Society’s purpose, however, is to minister, ultimately, to all Catholic peoples who need its aid or sympathy." Supported by memberships and donations. Maintains Sunday school; instruction for the sacraments; sewing school; classes in singing, basket .weaving, cooking, embroidery, lace making; social clubs; gymnasium; library; Fresh Air work; free baths; neighborhood visiting; Dorcas Society; shoe fund. Use playgrounds of Archbishop's School and St. Paul’s. Residents. Women 2. The Lighthouse (Undenominational) Men’s Club, 152-158 West Lehigh Avenue( 1908-). Women’s and Girls’ Club, 140-142 West Lehigh Avenue (1908-). Boys' Club of the Church Club, Howard and Somerset Streets (1901-). Baldwin Day Nursery, 140 West Lehigh Street. Farm, Front Street and Erie Avenue Established 1895, by Esther Warner Kelley (Mrs. R. R. Porter Brad- ford) as the outgrowth of a year and a half of resident religious and social work "to afford to the wage-earners of Philadelphia the advantages and opportunities of a club for social enjoyment and recreation.’’ "We aim to produce an en- vironment which shall meet the need of those who want to live the best life, body, soul, and spirit.’’ Incorporated 1901. Neighborhood. " Kensington, that district of Philadelphia which is the center of the textile industry in this country.” The people are Irish, American, German, Scotch, English and Polish. Maintains . The men’s club, established 1895, was the first activity of the society, and was housed until 1908 at 140 West Lehigh Avenue. Provides a hall, committee rooms, baths, game room, bowling, billiards, etc., and a restaurant service, lodge room, smaller rooms for rent to unions, societies, etc.; a roof garden—central inclosure added 1910; religious services. A special building to house the Boys* Club was erected in 1899 by the Church Club of Philadelphia, and the club has a gymnasium, library, various game rooms, and provision for outdoor sports. There are classes in wood working, arithmetic, spelling, writing and mechanical drawing; dramatics and other groups. The women’s and girls’ club provides classes in cooking, dressmaking, singing; Bible class for women; liter- ary, gymnastic, educational, and dramatic work for girls; social occasions; day nursery; savings fund; benefit society; paper Tbe Lighthouse Lantern; various religious and so- cial gatherings, entertainments, concerts, etc. Summer Work.—Co-operation with Board of Health in milk and baby hygiene work; nurse; women’s and children’s vacations toPENNSYLVANIA 277 shore and country; daily recreation at “The Farm’’; vacation playground (cricket, baseball, soccer ball, basket ball, quoits, tennis and croquet). Former Locations. Men’s Club, 140 W. Lehigh St., 1895-1908; 142 W. Lehigh St., 1897-1908. Boys’ Club, S. E. cor. Mascher St. and Lehigh Ave., July, 1897-1901. Residents. Women 5, mem. Volunteers. Women 16, men2. Head Resi- dent. Mrs. R. R. Porter Bradford, 1895-. Literature. Authorized Statements. The Lighthouse Picture Book, 1907 — The Lighthouse Lantern, Nov., 1909 — The Lighthouse Lantern, xi, No. 10 (Jan., 1910) — Lighthouse Annual Report — Baldwin Day Nursery, Annual Report. See also: Settle- ments in Philadelphia (The Lighthouse). Commons, vi, No. 64 (Nov., 1901) — Davies, Anna F.: A Glance at the Philadelphia Settlements. Commons, x : 295-300 (May, 1905). Madonna House (Catholic Center) 814 South Tenth Street Ambler House, Ambler, Pa. Established July, 1904, by the Catholic Missionary Society of Phila- delphia, Most Rev. P. J. Ryan, D.D., President, Very Rev. H. T. Drumgoole, Vice-President, to provide a religious and social center for the Italian resi- dents of the neighborhood. Maintained by membership and subscriptions. Neighborhood. Exclusively Italian. Maintains Sunday school; kindergarten; evening classes for the study of English and Italian; classes in sewing, dressmaking, embroidery, lace making, millinery, cooking, singing and music; gymnasium; branch bank to encourage small savings; clubs for men, women, young people, and children; lectures and entertainments. Summer Work.—Public baths; vacation playgrounds; excursions, outings and vacations in co-operation with homes and Fresh Air agencies. Superintendent. Rev. Joseph M. Corrigan, D.D. Resident Manager. Marianne J. Hunt. Volunteers, 70. Paid Workers, 7. Literature. Authorized Statements. Annual Reports. North House (Quaker Center) 451 North Marshall Street Established October, 1907, as an outgrowth of a religious and social work carried on by the Sixth and Noble Streets Association (Orthodox Quaker). Aims “to improve neighborhood conditions, moral and physical; to co-operate heartily with all agencies that make for civic, social and individual betterment; to broaden and heighten ideals of life; to be true neighbors to the people about us; and, above all, to develop that Christian character in our boys and girls that is the hope of the next generation. We aim to bring the strong, life-giving message of Christ to the people about us, and to demonstrate in the countless ways possible through daily living, our belief that the life lived for Him is alone worth while.” Neighborhood. Furnished room houses chief form of dwelling. This substitu- tion of one room with little privacy for a small house or even apartment constitutes one of the chief problems. Russian and German Jews, Poles, Germans, Irish, and Americans in HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS order as they are given is racial make-up. Low amusement places and“ tenderloin district’’ stamp character of neighborhood. Maintains First-day school and men’s Bible class; kindergarten; mothers’ club; library; classes in music, carpentry, burnt wood work, cooking and homemaking, hammock making, gymnastics; walking club after the first day school; entertainments, etc. Sum- mer Work.—Summer camp (co-operation with University House); flower distribution; excursions. Residents. Women i. Head worker practically in residence. Volunteers. Women 28, men 15. Head Worker. Rachel C. Reeve, October, 1907-. Literature. Authorized Statements. First Annual Report, 1906-1907 — Second Annual Report, 1907-1908 — Third Annual Report, 1908-1909 — Reeve, Rachel C.: Articles in Westonian. Philadelphia Deaconess Home (Methodist) 609-613 Vine Street “We try to divide our work for convenience into relief and aid, educa- tional, industrial, and religious, but the lines of demarcation are so shifting that it is difficult to tell where one begins and the other ends. All of our work is in a sense relief and aid, all is educational, all carries with it industrial character- istics and all leads to a spiritual ideal. The all-round development is worked toward, and the largest, broadest, strongest foundation of Christian character is sought for.” St. Martha’s House (Episcopal) 2029-2031 South Eighth Street (1901-); 2027 South Eighth Street (1907-); Snyder Avenue (1908-); 2025 South Eighth Street (1910-) Established November 1, 1901, by Rt. Rev. O. W. Whitaker, D.D., Bishop of Pennsylvania, “to provide a center for the benefit of the people of the neighborhood, which should be a school of training for students of the Church Training and Deaconess House and other social and church workers.” Aims “to be a friend to the neighborhood and to provide opportunities for improve- ment and pleasure.” Maintained by endowment, donations, and subscrip- tions to special departments. Neighborhood. Situated in a rather remote section of the city, and one formerly occupied largely by German-Americans, Irish and English. Since 1907 Jews have rapidly filled the nearby houses. Activities. After much effort secured a branch library, and hopes to show the need of a well-equipped library plant open daily. Demonstrated the need of more and better public schools for the quarter. Maintains kindergarten; pasteurized milk station; resident nurse; dispensary; library; savings fund; kitchen garden; story hour; ex-kindergarten class and rehearsals; junior auxiliary; gymnasium; cooking, sewing, and dressmaking classes; clubs for boys, girls and mothers; religious work in co-operation with neighboring churches; lectures and entertainments. Summer Work.—Vacations in co-operation with Fresh Air agencies; roof garden parties; excursions; ice water fountain; Bible school.PENNSYLVANIA 279 Residents. Women 7. Volunteers. Women 25. Head Resident. Jean W. Colesberry, Deaconess, 1901-. Literature. Authorized Statements. St. Martha’s House. Charities, xix; 1268 (Dec. 21, 1907). See also: Davies, Anna F.: Settlements in Philadelphia (Settle- ment of Episcopal Deaconesses). Commons, vi, No. 64 (Nov., 1901). A Glance at the Philadelphia Settlements. Commons, x : 295-300 (May, 1905). Second Presbyterian Church Settlement (Presbyterian Center) 613 North Eighth Street (190$-) Established 1898, by the Church Settlement Society of the Second Presbyterian Church, “ to win the girls and boys to Christ and intellectual and social enjoyment/* 1905. “First:—To come into close and sympathetic touch with our neighbors, and by so doing, raise their ideals and standards of living. Second:—To encourage thrift by providing a system of penny savings. Third:—To provide wholesome amusement and useful occupation for the girls and boys who would otherwise be educated in the street. Finally:—With the Apostle Paul, we are made all things to all men, that we might by all means save some.” 1909. Neighborhood. “The edge of the Tenderloin district. What was once a good residential neighborhood is now almost given over to ’furnished room’ houses, where moral conditions are deplorable and anything like normal home life impossible. Added to this are the questionable amusements offered in the cheap theatres and moving picture shows which abound on every hand.” Maintains playground; savings fund; library; gymnasium (winter use of the City Public Baths by flooring the pool); co-operative apartment house for young women; classes in dressmaking, sewing, music, cooking, embroidery, housekeeping, clay modeling, carpentry, sloyd, wood carving and city history; clubs of various kinds for children and women; Sunday religious services and daily devotional meetings. Summer Work.— Cloverly Lodge; picnics; day excursions; co-operation with Fresh Air agencies. Former Location. Fourth and Callowhill Sts., 1905. Residents. Women 5. Assistants. Men 3. Volunteers. Women 20. Literature. Authorized Statements. Eleventh Annual Report, 1909. The University Settlement (Undenominational) (Formerly University Christian Settlement) Lombard and 26th Streets (1906-). Girls’ Work, 403 South Taney Street (1904-) Established winter 1898, by the “University Christian Association of the University of Pennsylvania,” as an outgrowth of mission and club work for boys begun in 1897. It purposed “to inculcate Christian morals into the lives of an essentially rough neighborhood.” “This particular Settlement has really two aims: 1. To bring practical Christianity to bear effectually upon a particular section of Philadelphia. 2. To develop student character through service to others less fortunate than them- selves, and to train students for effective, intelligent, Christian work after graduation.”28o HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS “The Settlement is not a church nor a mission so far as methods are con- cerned, but in spirit it is both. All residents are expected to do definite, positive Christian work, either in a public or personal way.” “The Settlement idea and method is foremost and fundamentally religious and Christian. It really originated in the residence of God Himself among His people on earth in the person of Jesus of Nazareth. The essential feature of a genuine settlement is that men and women become actual friends and neighbors of those whom they hope to inspire to better living. A complete settlement must touch the people physically, morally, socially, mentally and religiously. It stands for the spiri- tual solution of the problems of society, well expressed by Prof. Edward A. Steiner as follows: ‘The love of Jesus is the only scientific method of redeeming society.’” 1908. Neighborhood. The east bank of the Schuylkill, just across from the University, in a district fairly crowded with a mixed class of less fortunate families. The neighbors are of American and Irish extraction. Maintains kindergarten; library; bank; children’s playground; athletic field; resident trained nurse; modified milk station; dispensaries and district physician; medical social service; religious work and resident missionary; gymnasium and gymnastic events; club's for all ages; class work; lectures; entertainments, etc. Summer Work.—“ Univer- sity Farm” for Summer camps in the upper Perkiomen Valley, near Pennsburg; two chil- dren’s playgrounds, athletic field, and a farm house on Darby Creek open all summer for mothers and children. Former Locations. Boys* Work at 2623 South St. (Winter of 1897-8); Boys’ Work at 2524 South St. (Winter, 1898-Fall, 1900); Boys’ Camp Work, 1899 ff.; Boys’ Work at 2623 South St. (Fall 1901-1903); Boys* Work at 2609 Lombard St. (Winter 1903-1906); Boys' Work at Branch, 2635 Christian St. (Winter 1903-1904). Girls’ Work. Home of Mr. and Mrs. T. S. Evans (1901). Rescue Work (Men), S. W. Cor. Lombard and Taney Sts. (Winter 1903-4). Residents. Women 4, men 10. Volunteers. Women 40, men 40. Head Residents. Thomas S. Evans, 1898-1900; J. Bruce Byall, 1900-1903; Percy R. Stock- man, 1904-1905; Thomas S. Evans, 1906-. Literature. Annual Reports and Statements. The University of Pennsyl- vania Christian Settlement and Summer Camp, Nov., 1904 — ” University House.” Jan., 1907 (Contains history of work) — The University Settlement Gangs. Pamphlets (undated) — Some Actual Methods of Student Christian Work, Sept., 1908. See also: The University Settlement. Commons, vi, No. 64 (Nov., 1901) — University of Pennsyl- vania Christian Settlement. Commons, ix. : 148 (April, 1904) — Watson, F. D.: The New University House, Philadelphia. Charities, xvii : 1041-1042 (Mar. 9, 1907). Young Women's Union (Jewish) 422-428 Bainbridge Street Established 1906-7, as the outgrowth of social work begun by a number of young women (kindergarten begun in March, 1885, household school, 1886, classes for working girls, 1888, day nursery, 1893) “to educate and aid the Russian poor and to aid the children, mentally, spiritually and bodily.” “The union is a center for recreation and wholesome social intercourse. It is intendedPENNSYLVANIA 281 especially for the Jewish population of the neighborhood, although non-Jewish boys and girls can be found in many of the clubs and classes. The keynote of our work is personal service. Through the various clubs and classes and, above all, through frequent visiting in the homes, a constant effort is being made to help the ever-widening chasm between the parents and the children, due in a great measure to the too rapid Americanizing of the children and the slower progress of the parents.” Head Resident. 1905. Neighborhood. Jewish quarter. Activities. Since 1902 the Juvenile Aid Committee for co-operation with the Juvenile Court, and Probation Society for the care of dependent and delinquent Jewish children, paid the salaries of two probation officers until June, 1909, when the present law went into effect, creating a chief probation officer and providing for the salaries of the probation officers by the counties and state. The committee continues to befriend the juvenile child at the bar of the court, and two visitors are employed, one for the city, and one for the county, to supervise the children placed in our custody by the court. Maintains a shelter; day nursery; resident nursing service; public baths; kinder- garten; sewing school; library; playground; classes in Hebrew, manual training, music (piano and violin), drawing, millinery, cooking, nursing, home making, needlework, gym- nastics, and dancing; clubs with literary, debating, athletic and studious aims; drum and fife corps. Summer Work.—Playground; excursions; co-operation with Country Week Association. Vacation home for working girls, “La Grange,” 6041 Kingsessing Avenue, Philadelphia, Pa. Residents. Women 10. Volunteers. Women no, men 14. Head Resi- dents. Esther Levy, 1903-1904; Adeline Mayer, 1905-1906; Augusta Salik, 1906-1907; Anna Levin, 1907-1909; Mona Binswanger, Oct. 5, 1909-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Annual Reports of the Young Women's Union, from its inception to date — Levy, Esther: Young Women’s Union. Jewish Ex- ponent, May 2, May 17, 1904 — Twenty-fifth Anniversary. Pamphlet. (Feb. 8, 1910.) See also: Twenty-fifth Anniversary of the Young Women's Union. Jewish Exponent, Feb. 11, 1910. PITTSBURGH Covode House (Center) North Side Established in 1901, by Howard Heinz and organized by Dr. Lloyd Wright. Aims "to help the boys and girls to help themselves.” Supported by Howard Heinz and J. H. Heinz. Neighborhood. The people are largely American bom of foreign parents. There are some Jews. Maintains library; gymnasium; special natatorium building; classes in carpentry, drawing, Venetian iron work, basketry; clubs; socials and entertainments. Workers. Women 3 (and assistants), men 1 (and assistants). Volunteers. Women 8, men 2. Head Resident. Dr. Lloyd Wright, 1901-1908. Director. J. J. Davey.282 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Irene Kaufman Settlement (Formerly Columbian School and Settlement, 1895-1910) 1835 Center Avenue (1900-) Established 1895, by the Council of Jewish Women "for moral, educa- tional and religious training.” "The special purpose of the settlement is the advancement of the civic, intellectual and social welfare of the surrounding community. It aims to do this by (1) guiding the foreign-born to American conditions, (2) encouraging self-improvement, (3) stimulating healthy pleasures, (4) broadening civic interests, (5) creating ideals of conduct. The place is a home in the life of its residents, an institution in the service of its friends, a school in the work of its teachers, a club house in the social uses of its neighbors, a civic organization in the interests of the community, a settlement in the choice of its location.”—Report for year ending May 8, 1904. Incorporated January 26, 1900. Supported by endowment and subscriptions. Neighborhood. The Hill District. The neighbors are largely immigrants. They live in one-family dwellings converted into tenements. High rents, the political situation, lack of playground facilities—not even the public schools having any play- grounds—and mixing of races are some of the problems of the neighborhood. Activities. Instrumental in closing obnoxious dance halls; co-operated with board of health; tenement house department; Playground Association; influenced the local board of education to open a night school; active in estab- lishing the Allegheny County Child Labor Association, and in the fight against tuberculosis. Maintains public baths; night school; nursing service; classes in stenography, sewing, mending, darning, embroidering, cooking, machine sewing, dressmaking, kitchen garden, passe partout, piano; ethical classes; clubs devoted to study and literary pursuits; civic league of young men; gymnasium; dancing; folk dancing. Summer Work.—Night school; industrial classes for children; dressmaking for adults. Former Locations. Fifth Ave., Franklin St., 1895; Townsend St., Nov. 30,1897- 1900. Residents. Women 4. Volunteers. Women 57, men 30. Head Residents. Sadie Levy, 1900-June, 1903; Yetta R. Baumgarten, 1904-1905; Julia Schonfield, June, 1903-1904; 1905-Oct., 1906; Addie Weihl, Oct., 1906-June, 1910; Elizabeth B. Neufeld, June, 1910-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Reports of the Columbian School and Settlement. See also: Columbian Settlement, Pittsburgh, Endowed. Survey, xxii : 145-146 (Apr. 24, 1909) — Columbian Settlement of Pittsburgh. Char, and Commons, xvii: 1059 (Mar. 16, 1907). Soho Baths Settlement House 2404 Fifth Avenue (March, 1907-) Established March 1, 1907, by a group of ladies, who constituted them- selves a Settlement Sub-committee of the Soho Baths Committee, as the out- growth of a social center begun June 16th, 1905, in rooms of the building owned by the Soho Public Baths. Aims "to improve the tenements and hygienicPENNSYLVANIA 283 conditions in the district, to awaken the highest ideals of culture and character, and to furnish a neighborhood house where Jew, Protestant and Catholic meet on friendly ground as neighbors/’ Neighborhood. Located close to the steel mills on the river. The people are Scotch, Welsh, German and Irish, largely of the second generation; and the Lithuanians and Poles are gradually increasing. Maintains. There is a fine public bath close by. A juvenile library and reading room (co-operation of the Pittsburgh Public Library); weekly clinic; visiting nursing service; rummage sales; night school in civics and English; classes in sewing, millinery, cooking, housekeeping, physical culture, manual training; educational classes for back- ward children; choral music; kitchen garden; story hour; children's hour; clubs for children, young women and adult women. Summer Work.—Milk and ice distributed (co-operation Milk and Ice Association); vacations (co-operation of Kingsley House); clubs; Emma Farm Association. Residents. Women 1. Volunteers. Women 78, men 2. Head Resident. Mrs. James C. Dick, March, 1907-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Soho Bath Settlement House. First Report, 1905-8. Kingsley House 3 Fulton Street (Nov., 1901-). Lillian Home, Valencia, Butler Co., Pa. (1903-) Established December 25, 1893, by Rev. George Hodges and the Kings- ley House Association "to be fair in all things ourselves and to help and persuade others to be likewise." Incorporated September, 1903, "to improve the ethical, social and economic conditions in the cities of Pittsburgh, Allegheny and vicinity. To provide the means of social intercourse, mutual helpfulness, mental and moral improvement, and rational and healthful recreation." Neighborhood. (For previous neighborhood see p. 284.) November, 1901-. Owing, to the changing character of its neighborhood it was decided in 1900 to move the work into the "Hill District" above the Union station. The people are Hebrew, Italian, Irish, American, Syrian, Arabian. Activities. Constant and aggressive campaign for better housing. Published data from time to time in The Record and brought public opinion to the acting point by a special number of twenty-eight pages (February, 1907). It has held the department of health to its duty when possible, and co-operated in every way within its power. Conducted (1903) a public playground, late taken over by the Playground Association. Since 1903 provided public bathing facilities. Issued (1908) a "Directory of the Philanthropic Agencies of Pitts- burgh." Played a strong part in the work of the Pittsburgh Survey, and has protested vigorously against the attitude of the city authorities toward the moral situation in its district, as also in the city as a whole. A marked improvement has been secured. Maintains dispensary; resident nursing service; library and reading room; man- ual training and industrial work for boys, including classes in typewriting, English, spell- ing, arithmetic, telegraphy; clubs for boys, debating, literary and musical; printing shop (which prints all the house publications and does trade work); gymnasium, club room and284 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS baths. The work for girls includes classes in the housekeeping arts, graded sewing school, dressmaking and millinery; physical culture; arts and crafts, including basketry, bead- work, weaving and fancy work; penny provident bank; entertainments; musicals; lectures; social clubs and meetings; mothers’ meetings weekly; fathers’ and mothers’ meetings monthly. Summer Work.—The settlement owns an extensive summer plant called Lillian Home, at Valencia, Butler Co., Pa. The work was begun in 1903, and the plant includes an eighty-nine acre farm, partly parked and partly under cultivation; a central building and six wings, 4 cottages, barns, tents; a specially built cement swimming pool, etc., etc. In 1909 the house looked after 1185 guests for two weeks, 226 for one week, and 2427 for a day or more,—a total of 3838 persons. Previous Neigbborbood 1707 Penn Avenue (Dec. 25, 1893-Apr., 1901) Neighborhood. “The conditions were hard, but the people had courage and as- piration, and there were good citizens who wanted only an opportunity to be better.” (Second Report.) The people were German, Polish, Hebrew, Irish and American. Activities. Made studies in housing; secured the opportunity for the larger neighborhood use of the public schools; represented the city officially as delegate to the National Conference of Charities and Corrections in 1898; car- ried on an investigation for the U. S. Department of Agriculture on Nutrition; for the Committee of Fifty on social substitutes for saloons, etc., etc. Maintained kindergarten; resident physician service; bank; library; classes in art, mechanical drawing, sewing, dancing, military drill, gymnastics; many clubs for literary, dramatic and social purposes. Former Locations. 1707 Penn Ave., Dec., 1893 (building at 1725 Penn Ave. leased for a short time, 1894); 1709 Penn Ave., added to plant and 1725 given up, 1894 ft; Work at the Penn Ave. House closed, April, 1901. Residents. Women 5, men 3. Volunteers. Women 89, men 23. Head Residents. Kate A. Everest, Dec., 1893-April, 1896; Mary B. Lippincott, Sept., 1896- Sept., 1902; William H. Matthews, Nov., 1902-Jan., 1911; Charles C. Cooper, 1911-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Annual reports, 1894 — Kingsley House Record (monthly), 1896 — Kingsley House News, “A paper printed for circula- tion in the house and neighborhood.” Dec., 1904 — Investigation of the Housing Situa- tion in the Hill and Penn Avenue Districts. Kingsley House Rec., Feb., 1907 — Investiga- tion of Vice Conditions in the City. March, 1910. See also: Kingsley House. Commons, i: 14 (Oct., 1896) — Kingsley House, Pittsburg. Char. Rev., vii : 784-5 (Nov., 1897) — Loomis, May B.: The Inner Life of the Settlement. Arena, xxiv : 193—197 (August, 1900) — Settlement Work in Pittsburg (Kingsley House). Outlook, lxix : 852 (Nov. 30,1902) — Kingsley House, Pittsburg. Commons, ix: 570 (Nov., 1904) — Kingsley House, Pitts- burg. Charities, xii: 196 (Feb. 20, 1904) — The Only Way to Down an Alley (Kingsley House). Char., xiii : 577 (March 18, 1905) — Kingsley House, Pittsburg. Commons, x : 252 (April, 1905) — Directory of the Philanthropic Agencies of the City of Pittsburg. Pamphlet. Feb., 1908 — Matthews, William H.: The Meaning of the Social Settlement Movement. Together with a chronological sketch of the development of the work of the Kingsley House. 1909 — Matthews, William H.: Lillian Home. Survey, xxiv : 407-419 (June 4, 1910).PENNSYLVANIA 285 Wood’s Run Industrial Settlement Petrel and Hanover Streets, Allegheny (1904-) Established December 15, 1905, as the outgrowth of the work of the Allegheny Society for the Improvement of the Poor begun in 1895, enlarged to the Wood’s Run Industrial House with a special building in May, 1904; and further developed into a neighborhood house in November 17, 1905, when the board voted “That the Wood’s Run Industrial House become a settlement for strictly social work, and that the relief work be separated from the house as soon as a proper agency can be found to do the work in accordance with modern methods.” Aims “to improve the ethical, social and economic conditions in Wood’s Run; to provide the means of social intercourse, mutual helpfulness, mental and moral improvement and rational and helpful recreation.” Neighborhood. “The poorer homes of Allegheny are located on streets running parallel to and near the river front, and in several wide mouthed ravines or ‘runs/ ex- tending from the Ohio river back into the hills on the outskirts of the city. The Wood's Run section is the largest, the most thickly populated, and in some respects the most lacking in uplifting influences of any of these. In the neighborhood are several large steel works, blast furnaces, foundries and ‘toby' factories. The people are Welsh, Irish, Jews, Hungarians, etc. with the Slavic races in the majority. The housing is rotten and unsanitary, and the lowest type of social-recreational institutions prevail.’* Maintains dispensary; tuberculosis dispensary; resident nursing service; library and reading room; class in English for foreign speaking people; Business Men’s Associa- tion (for district betterment); Sunday afternoon lectures on social and economic and reli- gious subjects; mothers’ meetings; baths; swimming pool; entertainments; classes in gymnastics, whittling, manual training, hammock making, clay modeling, cooking, bas- ketry, passe partout, sewing, kitchen garden, gymnastics, crocheting, typewriting, elocu- tion, dramatics, games, etc. Summer Work.—Gardens on vacant land, baths, swimming pool, playgrounds, outings and picnics, vacations in co-operation with Emma Farm, Glenfield and Fair Oaks Fresh Air farms. Residents. Women 4, men 1. Volunteers. Women 35, men 6. Head Workers. Edna Gilbert Meeker, December, 1905-Fall, 1907; John D. Strain, Fall, 1908-1910; Wood F. Dorchester, July, 1910-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Reports, April, 1906, 1907, 1908, 1909, and leaflets. See also: Changes at Wood’s Run. Char, and Commons, xix : 1268 (Dec. 21, 1907) — Wing, Frank E.: Wood’s Run Industrial House Becomes a Settlement. Cbar. and Commons, xv : $51 Gan. 27, 1906). WILKESBARRE The Heights Settlement Association GEORGETOWN NEIGHBORHOOD HOUSE East Northampton Street, Georgetown (1908-) Established 1908, when much of the work of the Grove Lane House (see next page) was transferred to Georgetown. Neighborhood. A thickly settled factory quarter on the outskirts of the city.286 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS The people are generally miners, Irish and Welsh, though Poles and Hungarians are sup- planting the older residents. Maintains kindergarten; visiting nurse; classes in cooking, sewing; mothers’ club. Summer Work.—Pasteurized milk depot. Former Location. 22 Grove Lane, 1905-1910. Grove Lane Neighborhood House 22 Grove Lane (Near Hillside Avenue) Established April, 1905. The outgrowth of a kindergarten started by a few Bryn Mawr graduates and others in October, 1904. Residence taken up in 1908-9. The work was discontinued in 1910. Neighborhood. The neighbors were largely of Irish and Welsh extraction. Maintained kindergarten; classes in gymnasium, cooking, home nursing, embroi- dery, sewing; boys’ and mothers’ clubs. Literature. Authorized Statements. Annual Report, 1909.RHODE ISLAND EAST GREENWICH Neighborhood Cottage (Episcopal) (Formerly St. Luke’s Cottage, 1902-May, 1910) Established March 1, 1908, as the outgrowth of religious and social work established by St. Luke’s Church (Episcopal), October 18, 1902, to "better needy conditions.” Aims "to foster self-help and self-activity. The effort has been to work with rather than for the people. They have been encouraged to follow the now popular method of Hampton Institute, 'Learning by Doing/” Neighborhood. A section of the town familiarly known as Scalloptown. The people are fisher folk and squatters along the shore of East Greenwich Bay, the colored portion showing a decided strain of Indian blood. Striking conditions of lawlessness and municipal neglect materially affect the development of the children. Maintains kindergarten; day nursery; savings service; employment bureau; classes in sewing, cooking, housework, basketry, chair caning, and singing; a Sunday school and a Sunday evening neighborhood meeting. Summer Work.—Back yard play- ground. Residents. Women 2, men 1. Volunteers. Women 12, men 6. Head Resident. (Mrs.) Sarah C. Fernandis, March 1, 1908-. Literature. Report, May, 1910 — Pamphlets. 1908, 1909. See also: Colored Settlement Work. Char, and Commons, xx : 507 (July 18, 1908) — Hampton’s Relation to the Constructive Needs of the Negro. Southern Workman, Apr., 1910. PEACEDALE The Neighborhood Guild Authorities prefer that no information be published. PROVIDENCE GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY Aronovici, Carol: Social Settlements in Providence. Tribune, Nov. 29, 1908. Charitable and Philanthropic Agencies in Providence. Report of Bureau of In- dustrial Statistics, 1909. Neighborhood House 206 Point Street Established November, 1907, as an outgrowth of institutional work begun by the Rev. Edmund S. Roumaniere and Grace Church in 1904. Aims "to provide a center for wholesome social life, to promote the social better- ment of the neighborhood, to provide opportunities for the mental and moral 287288 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS development of the children and adults of its district, and to furnish to its neighbors such aid and advice as will lead towards permanent improvement.” Incorporated November, 1907. Neighborhood. “One of the least advanced sections of the city. The people are Irish-American, Irish and German. The German element is fairly clean and thrifty.” Activities. “We are constantly working to secure better housing and sanitation, cleaner streets and yards; and have succeeded in getting a lane near the house properly lighted, and many other minor improvements.” Maintains employment bureau; backyard playground; classes in cooking, house- keeping, sewing, dressmaking; social clubs for women, girls; and children. Summer Work. —Basketry; nature classes; organized play. Residents. Women i. Volunteers. Women 8. Head Residents. Ella M. Rhodes, Annie P. Woodworth, Nov., 1907-June 1, 1908; (Mrs.) Evangeline J. Field, June 1, 1908-. Literature. Report, 1910. Sprague House Association (Formerly Mount Pleasant Settlement) 7 Armington Avenue Established June, 1900, as the outgrowth of the work of the Mount Pleasant Working Girls’ Association (organized November, 1887, and gradually adding to the scope of its work for the neighborhood). Aims to “use our house more nearly to the limits of its capacity for the good of the neighborhood.” Incorporated January 17, 1903, “to further educational, philanthropic, and social work in Mount Pleasant and neighboring districts.” Neighborhood. “A neighborhood of comfortable homes, with but little real poverty and with average educational advantages. We accept for our motto Dean Hodges* assurance that, ‘Co-operation promotes our work . . . puts an end to some of our cross purposes, directs our efforts . . . and advances the kingdom of God in the community.* In order to assure that condition the neighbors of Sprague House are be- coming active associate members; are promising their help in governing and in running the house, their vote in questions arising concerning it, and their work in unselfish effort of all kinds carried on therein. 11 is not possible for any group of persons to make themselves responsible for such a high direction of effort without thereby raising the standard of the whole community, and in so doing making it for themselves and for their children a yet more desirable abiding place. It is greatly to be desired that every householder using the house may become an associate member of Sprague House Association, attending the an- nual meeting, responsible for all that goes on there, paying his dollar a year towards its maintenance, and using in every good way and for all good ends and purposes, such ad- vantages as may be obtained through it.” Maintains branch of the public library; classes in sewing, cooking, darning, knit- ting, embroidery, literature, and gymnastics; entertainments and socials. Volunteers. Women 30. Head Residents. Miss M. Emerett Coleman, June, 1900-July, 1901; Mrs. W. 1. Bartlett, Autumn, 1901, 3 months; Minnie M. Moore, Winter, 1901-1902; Mary Gordon Smedberg, Sept., 1906-Oct., 1907. For information address Mrs. Harriet H. McDonald, 127 Waterman St., Providence, R. I.SOUTH CAROLINA LANDRUM Willard Industrial School and Settlement R. F. D. No. 2. Established November 25, 1909, by Mrs. E. J. Shankle, “as a social and educational center/’ Incorporated “as an industrial school for various kinds of charity work in the neighborhood.” Aims “to be of service to the neighbors in improving their conditions and to help poor boys and girls to obtain an edu- cation.” Supported by donations. Neighborhood. “Located in the northern part of South Carolina in a mountain- ous section, known as the ‘ Dark Comer/ Much bad housing, lack of educational facilities and poverty. Cause—neglect. The people in the entire section are American born/* Maintains free day school; boarding industrial school for poor boys and girls not near enough to be day students, at or below actual cost of food; circulating library; free music classes; various dubs; concerts; lectures; farmers* institutes; demonstration of intensive farming; care of orchards; gardening; horticulture; sewing; cooking; fancy work; visiting; dispensing clothes and money to needy for necessaries; visiting and nursing the sick. Location. "Willard School and Settlement consists of 108 acres of land nine miles from Landrum, S. C., at the foot of Glassy Mountain. Has three-story building known as "Jane Addams Hall/’ Prudden Hall, several out buildings and two cabins. Residents. Women 2, men i. Volunteers. Women i, men i. Head Resident. Mrs. E. J. Shankle. 20 289TENNESSEE TENNESSEE FEDERATION OF WOMEN’S CLUBS The idea of settlement work was suggested at the State Convention which met at Harriman, Tennessee, in the spring of 1901. Walkers Valley Settlement Blount County Established July, 1902, by the clubs of Knoxville and Maryville together with a few interested individuals. Greenbrier Valley Settlement Sevier County Established July, 1906, by the Federation of Women’s Clubs. Fall’s Gap Settlement Unicoe County Established July, 1907, by the Federation of Women’s Clubs. The Federation aims “to assist in the education of a long neglected class of children, and to bring the residents of these valleys and coves into contact with the outside world, and to establish higher ideals of living.” Supported by clubs of State Federation and individuals. Neighborhood. “ Each neighborhood is an isolated little cove in the heart of the mountains and the problem is everywhere the same—social neglect, ignorance, and poverty. The natives are, in the main, American born of good English and Scotch stock, which has deteriorated under pressure of isolation and want. There is always, however, in these settlements a small element of outcasts and refugees from justice, mingling with the sturdier strain.’* Activities. “A day school and Sunday school. In addition one of the residents visits the people in their homes, assists them in times of sickness and trouble with sympathy, advice and such material benefactions as she is able to supply, teaches them as delicately as may be the beauty and benefits of cleanli- ness and right living and the mysteries of hygienic cooking.” Workers. “The workers change from year to year. Mrs. S. H. Hood is now chair- man of the Mountain Settlement Work. Mrs. Emily Webb is, and has been from the beginning, head resident, and each center has, in turn, been under her management.” For information apply to the Secretary, Tennessee Federation of Women’s Clubs, Knox- ville, Tenn. Literature. Reports of the Annual Meetings of the Federation. 290TENNESSEE 29I BRISTOL Wesley Chapel and Settlement House (Methodist) Furnace Row (Sept., 1908-) Established September, 1909, by the Board of City Missions of Bristol, Tenn.-Va., “to do Christian settlement work among the employes of the Vir- ginia Iron, Coal and Coke Company/' Neighborhood. Northwest Bristol; close about the Virginia Iron, Coal and Coke Company’s plant. No foreigners. The people are a good class of poor whites. The housing conditions are very good. Maintains morning primary class; sewing school; night school; Sunday school; homemakers’ club; boys’ club; kitchen garden. Residents. Women 1. Volunteers. Women 7, men 2. Head Residents. Stella Womack, Sept., 1908-Oct., 1909; May Lockard, Oct., 1909-Feb., 1910; Berta Thomas, Aug., 1910--. Literature. Wesley House. Out Homes, xviii : No. 4 (Apr., 1909). MEMPHIS Wesley House (Methodist) 202 Exchange Street (1907-) Established September, 1907, by the Board of City Missions of the Methodist Church “for the purpose of reaching a community of people having undesirable surroundings for a mental, spiritual, and physical uplift/' Main- tained by monthly contributions from the auxiliaries of the Woman's Home Mission Society of ten Methodist churches, subscriptions from public spirited men, and special donations. Neighborhood. “The industrial district of Memphis. The people are mostly Jews and Italians with some Americans.’’ Maintains kindergarten; sewing school; clubs for boys and girls; cottage prayer meetings; Sunday school and friendly visiting. Residents. Women 2. Volunteers. Women 15. Head Residents. Sa- phronica Webb, 1907-1909; Ida Adreanson, 1909-1910; Janette Haskin, 1910-. KNOXVILLE Wesley House (Methodist) 1217 Marion Street Established 1908, by the Knoxville City Mission Board of the Woman's Home Mission Society, Methodist Episcopal Church South. Neighborhood. Cotton Mill district. Maintains night school; kindergarten; boys’ clubs; sewing school; mothers* clubs; friendly visiting. Head Resident. Hettie Steward, 1908--.292 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS NASHVILLE Bertha Fensterwald Settlement 503 North Fifth Avenue (1895-) Founded September, 1909, by Joseph Fensterwald and the Council of Jewish Women as the outgrowth of social work begun in 1895 by a band of Jewish ladies. Aims “to do neighborhood social work.” Maintained by sub- scription. Neighborhood. Formerly a fine residential quarter. The former inhabitants have moved to the suburbs, and a squalid tenement district is fast closing in upon it. The work is non-sectarian, Though the members of the house are largely Polish, Russian and Hungarian Jews, there are some Protestants and Catholics. Maintains kindergarten; reading room; classes in domestic science, sewing, kitchen garden and millinery; clubs for women, young people and children; entertain- ments, lectures and socials. Summer Work.—Back yard playground and sandpile; directed play; children's gardens; classes in sewing. Residents. Women 1. Volunteers. Women 14, men 1. Head Residents. Rachel Matzuer, 1909; Ella Stillman, Sept., 1910-. For information address Emma G. (Mrs. A.) Loveman, 312 Clark Place, South. Nashville Wesley House (Methodist) (Formerly Nashville Settlement Home, 1901-1906) 243 Filmore Street (1906-) Established 1901, by the Nashville City Mission Board, Woman’s Home Mission Society, “to educate and elevate the people morally, mentally and physically; to meet the great social needs of the community, and to improve their environment.” Neighborhood. ‘‘The people are almost entirely American; many are of the unfortunate, shiftless, or immoral class.” Maintains free reading room; kindergarten; kitchen garden; sewing school; mothers' club; boys* club; gospel service; monthly entertainment. Former Locations. Cor. Murry and Filmore Sts., 1901-1903; Cor. Filmore and Willow Sts., 1903-1905. Residents. Women 2. Volunteers. Women 18, men 2. Head Residents. Minerva Clyce, 1901-1902; Saphronica Webb, 1903-1906; Frances Mann, 1907; Hattie Sellars, 1908; Bessie Allen, 1909-. Warioto Settlement (Methodist) Established 1907, by the Methodist Training School “to give opportun- ity for field work to pupils of the school, and to be a social center for the com- munity.” “Our aim is to make the settlement a powerful center from which will radiate social, moral and religious influences that will be a leaven of right- eousness for the whole community; purifying the homes, training the children,, helping the parents, instructing the young men and women, lifting ideals, de-TENNESSEE 293 creasing disease and suffering, making it easier to live right and harder to go wrong, and enriching the lives of all the people by the unselfish, joyous service of living out in the community the life and teachings of Christ in a Christian home.” Maintained by the Training School and the directors of the Warioto Mills. Neighborhood. Located in the heart of a district numbering 15,000 working people. In all North Nashville there is no gymnasium nor public baths. A large number of the people live in small tenement houses without baths, without proper means of recrea- tion, without literature and practically without any moral and religious instruction. Some families are even without an adequate supply of water, for not infrequently they carry water the distance of a block from wells that are a menace to health. Maintains classes in cooking, sewing, embroidery, home-making, kitchen garden; story hour; clubs for women, young people and children; gymnasium and kindergarten; Sunday religious and social meetings; lectures and entertainments. Head Residents. Miss Wilder, 1908-09; Mabel Wheeler, 1909-11; Estelle Haskins, 1911-. Volunteers. Women 5, men 2. Literature. Nashville Banner, Oct. 13, 1909; Apr. 12, 1910 — Pamphlet, 1910. Watkins House (Undenominational) 6h Twelfth.Avenue, North Established April, 1906, by the United Charities. “The object toward which this work is directed is the moral, physical and mental uplift of the neighborhood.” Maintained by the United Charities and private subscription. Neighborhood. A factory district in the heart of the city. The population is American of an unstable, unambitious class. Maintains kindergarten; clinic; district nursing service; library and reading room; rooms for community organizations; gymnastic work for girls and boys; sewing school; religious service; domestic science; dramatic club; boys* club; stereopticon pictures each week. Residents. Women 1. Volunteers. Women 13, men 11. Head Resident. Evelyn Carrington.TEXAS DALLAS DALLAS FREE KINDERGARTEN TRAINING SCHOOL AND INDUSTRIAL ASSOCIATION Neighborhood House 125 Cedar Springs Road, North Dallas. Centers, East Dallas—Dawson Street, near Bourben; South Dallas—Corinth Street, near Cockerell Established September, 1900, “to give the kindergarten teachers and students an opportunity to live in a simple, wholesome way, and to lend a help- ing hand to their neighbors and friends.” Neighborhood. The people are largely Russian Jews. Activities. Maintains a free kindergarten and mothers' club in East Dallas (established 1902), and co-operates with the Woman’s Federated Clubs in a Kindergarten Center in South Dallas (established 1902). Maintains kindergarten; mothers’ club; playground; resident nurse; rummage sale; classes in cooking and sewing; clubs for young women and boys, for social ends. Residents. Women 14. Head Residents. Mary Howell Wilson; Mary King Drew, 1907-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Annual Reports. Wesley Chapel and Settlement Home (Methodist) 188 McKinney Avenue (July, 1909-) Established April, 1903, by the Woman’s Board of City Missions of the Dallas Methodist churches, “for the purpose of giving a helping hand to those under the shadow of the evil about them, and to teach in a practical way the gospel of love,—love as the ruling force in all relations of life.” Maintained by monthly contributions from the auxiliaries of the Woman’s Home Mission So- ciety of six Methodist churches, and occasional donations from others. Neighborhood. A factory and laundry district. The population is partly Amer- ican and partly foreign, one-fourth of the heads of families being foreign born. The quarter is crowded with saloons and other houses of vice, and the drug habit prevails among the people. Maintains day nursery; kindergarten; clinic; district nursing service; tub and shower baths; library and reading room; rummage sale; gymnastic work for boys and girls; rooms for community organizations; sewing school; domestic science classes; religious services and Sunday school; three boys’ clubs; two girls’ clubs; young ladies’ club; mothers’ club. At the request of the workers a night school was established in connection with the city schools. Books from the Carnegie public library are secured. A playground is maintained in which are provided the following: acting bar, swings, flying rings, see saws, croquet, tennis, and basket ball. Summer Work.—Gardens. 294TEXAS 295 wesley house (Methodist) 200 Cockrell Avenue Established July, 1909. Neighborhood. The house is located in the cotton mills district of South Dallas. The chief problems are the poverty and low standard of living in the homes, and the shift- lessness and drunkenness of the men. Maintains clinic; nursing service; library; rummage sales; sewing school; cook- ing school; kitchen garden; boys’clubs; girls’clubs; mothers’club. Former Locations. 190 Collin St., Apr., 1903-Aug., 1907; 173 Caruth St., Aug., 1907-July, 1909. Moved our chapel to our own lot, adding to it rooms for institutional work. Residents. Women 4, men 1. Volunteers. Men and women from six Metho- dist churches and workers from the Young Men’s Christian Association. Head Residents. Wesley Chapel and Settlement, 188 McKinney St., Estelle Haskin, Sept., 1902-Apr., 1905; Mary Ogilvie, Oct., 1905-May, 1906; Ida Adreansen, June, 1906-July, 1909; (Mrs.) Ida Reeves, July, 1909-June, 1910; Rhoda Annette Dra- goo, Oct., 1910-. Wesley House, 200 Cockrell Ave., Grace Hemenway, Sept., 1909-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Annual Report of Woman’s Home Mis- sion Board for 1905, 1906, 1907, 1908, 1909. Published by Methodist Publishing House, Nashville, Tenn. — First Annual Report, 1903-4, Dallas Board of City Missions — Reports in Our Homes, organ of Woman’s Home Mission Society — Reports in The Kings Messenger, edited by Mrs. W. H. Johnson, Dallas, Tex. — Reports in Texas Christian Advocate, published in Dallas — Annual Report of Woman’s Home Mission Society of North Texas — Conference of M. E. Church, South, 1907, 1908, 1909, 1910. FORT WORTH Neighborhood House (Undenominational) 1900 Crump Street Established October, 1908, by the Fort Worth Kindergarten and Social Settlement Association, “for charitable, philanthropic and educational pur- poses/* Maintained by private contributions, and a grant from the city and county commissioners. Neighborhood. Third Ward, or “Irish Town,” settled by employes of railroads, candy factory, and flour mills. The people are Americans, foreigners, and many Negroes, the latter not touched by the work. Activities. The association has been instrumental in securing kinder- gartens in the public schools. Maintains library; playground; kindergarten; day nursery; stamp savings; rummage sale room; classes in sewing, cooking, fancy work; clubs for boys; mission Sunday school. Residents. Women 3. Volunteers. Women 4. Head Resident* (Mrs.) Margaret Grabill, 1908-.296 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS HOUSTON The Settlement House 1701 Maple Street (1909-) Established May, 1909. The outgrowth of some sewing classes begun by a group of ladies in 1906-7. Aims “to provide clubs and classes, to make men, women and children better, and thus react upon their home and neighbor- hood conditions; .... through residence and visiting to learn the condi- tions with which people are contending and then to aid them in their efforts to remove the adverse conditions; .... to assist the neighbors to focus general attention on the needs of the neighborhood, and through an enlightened public sentiment to force a reconstruction of the social environment.” Neighborhood. A downtown mixed factory, lodging house, and tenement quarter. The people are three-fifths Jews, one-third Negroes, and the remainder Ger- mans, Irish, Americans, and Mexicans. Activities. Through its men’s club, has been able to better the moral conditions of its ward, and is planning a registry of reputable lodging houses. Studying the facts of juvenile delinquency, child labor, etc., looking to the more adequate treatment of these questions. The association supplied the neighbor- ing public school with domestic science equipment and the board of education provided a sloyd equipment. Demonstrated the need of a school for delinquent boys and the city and county have provided such a school. Organized the Federated Charities. Maintains kindergarten (co-operation board of education); dispensary; modified milk station; resident visiting nurse; playground; library; reading room; game room; story hour; classes in sewing and dancing; clubs for men (Second Ward Citizens’ Club), women, young people, and children, with civic, literary and social aims; entertainments and socials. Summer Work.—Shower baths (using Rusk School equipment); classes in weaving, housekeeping, sewing, natural history; English classes for Jewish immigrants; and most of the regular winter work. Former Locations. 1817 Rumells St., 1906; 38 Gable St., 1907. Residents. Women 2, men 1. Volunteers. Women 12, men 2. Head Resident. J. P. Kranz, Oct., 1909-. Literature. Authorized Statements. Year Book, 1909. Wesley House (Methodist) 1112 Montgomery Avenue (Sept., 1908-) Established September, 1907, by the City Board of Home Missions (Methodist) “for Christian settlement work.” Maintained by the Metho- dist churches of the city. Neighborhood. The people are American, German, Armenian, Syrian, Mexican and Italian. Maintains day nursery; district nursing service; a co-operative boarding home for girls; kindergarten; night school for foreigners; sewing school; Bible school and preach- ing service in Spanish; parish visiting.TEXAS 297 Locations. 1419 Conti St., Sept., 1907-1908. Residents. Women 10. Head Resident. Mattie M. Wright, 1907-. Literature. Wesley House. Our Homes, Sept., 1909. THURBER Marston Hall (Methodist) Established January, 1910, by the Woman’s Home Mission Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, “to uplift the people morally, socially, and spiritually.’’ The house aims “to furnish a place for social intercourse and recreation; to supply some of the teaching the home lacks; and to bring addi- tional force and attractiveness to Christianity.’’ Neighborhood. A mining town of between 800 and 1000 persons, the coal company owning the property and houses of the town. The people are three-fourths foreign born, being largely Italians and Mexicans, though there is a sprinkling of many other peoples. The population is transient in the extreme, which complicates social work. There is great need for teaching concerning the essentials of living and for some adequate social provisions. Maintains public library; Sunday school for foreigners; temperance societies and religious meetings; night school; kindergarten; classes in housekeeping and cooking; clubs for young men, young women, and children. Residents. Women 4. Head Resident. Eugenia Smith, 1910-. WACO Evangelia House (Undenominational) 1121 Webster Street (1909-) Established in the fall of 1906, by two young women. Maintained by them with assistance of friends until January, 1910, when placed in the hands of a board of women representing all denominations. Maintained by quarterly contributions from interested citizens and churches, and organized “for the uplift of the people of the neighborhood, physically, intellectually, socially, and spiritually.’’ Neighborhood. Mill district (woolen goods), with homes of mechanics and labor- ing class. Population American, poor and uneducated. Maintains kindergarten; library and reading room; sewing and kitchen garden clubs; games for boys; social clubs for young people; playground; religious services and Sunday school. Residents. Women 2, men 1. Volunteers. Women 18, men 2. Head Residents. College students (volunteer), 1907-1910; Margaret Van Fleet, 1910-.VIRGINIA HAMPTON Locust Street Social Settlement 320 Locust Street (1890-) Established October, 1890, by Mrs. Janie Porter Barrett, “to help girls and women to become good homemakers, and to improve the social life of the community/’ Neighborhood. A section of Hampton inhabited mainly by Negroes. Activities. The work was begun by Mrs. Barrett asking a few girls once a week to her home, and was carried on as a personal venture until 1902 when a club house was erected. Since that time the work has been enlarged to include clubs for women, boys, lectures and much general social work. Instru- mental in starting a playground and library, and in encouraging athletic games. “ We are teaching through the efforts of the settlement house, how to have more attractive homes, cleaner back yards, more attractive front yards, cleaner sidewalks, how to have better gardens, how to raise poultry successfully, the proper food for the family, care and feeding of infants and small children. Through the efforts of the house much has been done to improve the social life of the community.” Maintains library; playground with supervised play; classes in cooking, sewing, mending, quilt making, embroidery, stenciling, bead work, paper work, home garden; clubs for women, young people and children, with social, gardening and athletic interests; entertainments, lectures and socials. Summer Work.—Playground; excursions and picnics; children’s gardens; distribution of seeds and cuttings; flower and vegetable shows, etc. Residents. Women 1, men 1. Volunteers. Women 16, men 4. Head Resident. Mrs. Harris Barrett, 1890-. Literature. Authorized Articles. Batchelder, M. G.: A Social Settlement Day. Southern Workman, Jan., 1904 — Article by Mrs. Esther Brown, Southern Work- man, July, 1904, p. 393 — Settlement at Hampton, Va. Commons, xix : 438 (Sept., 1904) — Foster, George E.: The Locust Street Settlement. Ithacan, Oct. 31, 1908, p. 13 — Some Results of Hampton’s Work, 1909 — Barrett, Mrs. Harris: Negro Women’s Clubs and the Community. Southern Workman, Jan., 1910, p. 33-34 — Fernandis, Sarah Collins: Hampton’s Relation to the Constructive Needs of the Negro. Southern Work- man, Apr., 1910, p. 204 — The Locust Street Settlement. Pamphlet (undated). PORTSMOUTH Wesley House (Methodist) 1503 Effingham Street (June, 1910-) Established February, 1910, by the Methodist Board of City Missions, as an outgrowth of the work of the city missionaries, and a deaconess employed 298VIRGINIA 299 in October, 1909, "to minister to those in need of mental and spiritual help; and to be a social center.” Maintained by monthly contributions from the auxiliaries of the Woman’s Home Mission Society of four Methodist churches, a contribution from the manager of the Tidewater Knitting Mill, and from individuals. Neighborhood. “The work is not concentrated in one neighborhood, but touches two or three. The population is American, most of whom are hard working.” Maintains sewing school; night school; boys’ club; junior league; small library; lunch room for girls of nearby mill. Former Location. 917 Green St., Feb., 1910-June, 1910. Residents. Women 2. Volunteers. Women 7, men 1. Head Resident. Nannette R. Hudson, 1910-. Literature. Articles for Reports of Woman’s Board of City Missions of 1909-1910, and Annual Meeting of Home Mission Society of Virginia Conference (not yet published) — Article for Our Homes (not yet published). RICHMOND The Nurses Settlement 201 East Cary Street (August, 1909-) Established October, 1900, by Miss S. H. Cabaniss and a group of six young women of the graduating class of the Old Dominion Hospital training school. The founders aimed to do nursing work in the homes of the people and to carry on a neighborhood center. Incorporated 1901. Maintained by the residents. Neighborhood. A needy neighborhood wherein is much bad housing, and a great lack of social opportunity. The people are Russian Jews, Negroes and Americans. Activities. The residents supported themselves by occasional private nursing until the community was educated to the need of their work. Instru- mental in organizing the Visiting Nursing Association, the Associated Charities, the playground movement, the Tuberculosis Association, the establishment of a tuberculosis camp, the school nursing service, etc. Maintains visiting nursing headquarters; kindergarten; mothers’ club (meets in neighborhood); newsboys club; class in home nursing; much informal friendly visiting. Locations. 108 North Seventh St., 1901-1909. Residents. Women 9 (nurses). Volunteers. Women 4, men 1. Head Residents. Miss S. H. Cabaniss, 1900-FaIl, 1909; Miss N. J. Minor, Fall, 1909-. Literature. Minor, N. J.: The Nurses’ Settlement in Richmond. Amer. Jour, of Nursing, Sept., 1902 — The Nurses’ Settlement at Richmond. By Miss Minor and Miss Cabaniss. Amer. Jour, of Nursing, iii : 624 — An Old Richmond Tavern as a Settle- ment House. Charities, xiv : 708 (May 6, 1905) — The Nurses’ Settlement in Richmond, Virginia. Char, and Commons, xvi : 47 (Apr. 7, 1906).WISCONSIN MILWAUKEE THE MILWAUKEE MISSION KINDERGARTEN AND NEIGHBORHOOD ASSOCIATION The Neighborhood Settlement 299 Fourth Street Non-resident Centers at 920 Racine Street, 1432 Galena Street, 350 Clinton < Street Established 1906, by the union of the work of the Mission Kindergarten Association (organized 1884) and the Neighborhood Association, an auxiliary of the Kindergarten Association organized in 1904 to carry on industrial and club work. The association conducts its work in four centers. “ Besides the kinder- garten and day nurseries there are clubs and classes for all ages. The buildings are open daily for the children after school hours. At other times they are open to adults and young people for social gatherings, classes, and clubs. A few of us live at headquarters and try to make the place hospitable and home- like to every one.” 1909. Neighborhood. “A downtown district in what is known as the ‘Bad Lands.’ The quarter abounds in cheap shows where children are admitted alone; low saloons, dance halls, and alley tenements. The people are white and colored, some of whom have intermarried, and there is a large colony of recently arrived Greeks. The great problem is to interest children and young people in clean, decent things, natural to their age.” Activities. The Association provided the first kindergarten, cooking school, playground, and nurseries in the city. Maintains three kindergartens; two day nurseries; library; women’s clubs; classes in sewing, cooking, carpentry, physical culture, chair caning, chorus; clubs for boys and girls; Sunday story hour and song service; socials and parties. Summer Work.— In farm house on unimproved park land owned by the city. Children, young people, mothers and babies are taken in groups of 25 for a week’s outing each, during July and August. Summer camp for boys and girls. Residents. Women 3. Volunteers. Women 3, men 2. Head Worker. Clara E. Schaefer, Sept., 1900-Sept., 1909. Superintendent. Mrs. L. A. Truesdell, 1893- Literature. Authorized Statements. Report, 1907 — Announcement, 1909. The Settlement (Jewish) 499 Fifth Street Established March 27, 1900, by Mrs. Simon Kander, as an outgrowth of two missions (one at the Temple of B’ne Jeshurun and the other at Temple Emanu-El), joined with the Night School as The Settlement, “to provide instruc- tion in industrial pursuits and to employ such other educational means as shall 300WISCONSIN 301 aid in bettering the home and social conditions of the people of the district.” Incorporated March 28, 1901. Maintained in part by the Federated Jewish Charities of Milwaukee and in part by voluntary subscriptions and donations. Neighborhood. The people are largely Russian, Austrian, and Roumanian Jews. Activities. Has been able to secure the co-operation of the school board, which has taken over its manual training work and introduced it into the school system. In the winter of 1907 the board granted the use of a nearby school basement as a gymnasium, the settlement paying the instructors; and the assembly hall two nights a week for a brass band and chorus. Later in 1907 the school board opened the school as an evening center, since which time other centers have been opened. Maintains night school for men and women; library; classes daily in sewing, etc., for children; clubs for boys and girls; band for boys; socials and entertainments; Sabbath school. Summer Work.—Public entertainments; work in English for immigrants; visiting nurses* day camp for sick babies. Former Locations. 507 Fifth St. Residents. Women 2, men 1. Volunteers. Women 67, men 8. Head Residents. Elizabeth Slonaker, Sept., 1904; Mary Campbell, 1905; Mary F. Flanders, Winter, 1905-July, 1906; Margaret J. Robinson, Fall, 1906-1907; Stella A. Loeb, Nov. 1, 1907-. Literature. It’s Worth While. Report, 1906 — Annual Reports of Federated Jewish Charities, 1906, 1907, 1908, 1909 — The Way to a Man’s Heart (The Settlement Cook Book). Editions 1, 2, 3 and 4. The Wisconsin University Settlement 861 (formerly 901) First Avenue. Summer Home, Camp Allis, Tray Lake, Wis. Established September 10, 1902, by Mr. and Mrs. H. H. Jacobs, “to carry on the usual lines of social settlement work and to furnish a sociological laboratory for the University of Wisconsin. The settlement stands for neigh- borliness in the midst of crowded city conditions where the word 'neighbor* too often means less than it should.” 1908. Incorporated. Maintained by voluntary contributions from alumni and citizens of Milwaukee. Neighborhood. Located in the midst of a Polish population at some distance from the center of the city. Housing conditions are relatively favorable, and a woodland park is nearby. Activities. Efforts by means of active propaganda and personal service for better child labor, tenement house and compulsory education laws; for the more stringent regulation of dance halls; for industrial education; for greater legal control of tuberculosis; for enlarging the functions of the juvenile court; for increasing the number of night schools and public playgrounds; for opening .public school cooking centers in the evening; for the use of public school buildings as social centers. Residents have served as secretary of the Wis- consin Child Labor Committee, probation officers in the juvenile court, parole guardian, director of Associated Charities, director of Blue Mound Sana- torium for Tuberculosis, and principal of the first vacation school run by the302 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS school board. Had a part in organizing the Visiting Nurses’ Association (its nurse being the first on the field); has been able to dispense with its day nursery by pensioning mothers; has turned over its night school and playground to the city. Maintains a branch of the public library; meeting place of the Community Club of one hundred voters, which aims “to foster neighborly relations, to stimulate an intelli- gent and non-partisan interest in all municipal affairs, and to arouse a wholesome public opinion and serve as a vehicle of its expression”; women’s clubs; classes in sewing, fancy work, cooking, literature, piano lessons, orchestra, chorus, folk dancing. There are various social clubs for young men and women and boys and girls. House paper Club Life, pub- lished occasionally. Summer Work.—Summer camp for boys and girls, and men and women; “hikes,” etc. Residents. Women 5, men 3. Volunteers. Women 25, men 6. Head Resident. Herbert Henry Jacobs, 1902-. Literature. I. Authorized Statements. Annual reports. See also: From the Settlements. Commons, July, 1902 — University of Wisconsin Settlement at Milwaukee. Commons, vii, No. 76 (Nov,, 1902) — Jacobs, H. H.: The Wisconsin University Settle- ment. Commons, vii, No. 78 (Jan., 1903) — Settlement Work in Milwaukee. Char, and Commons, xix : 1437 (Jan. 18, 1908) — Wisconsin University Settlement. Charities, x : 205 (Mar. 7, 1903) — Gale, Zona: Milwaukee. Good Housekeeping, Mar., 1910. (See references pp. 322-323.) — Milwaukee as a Field for a Social Settlement. Report, with maps, to Department of Economics, University of Wisconsin, 1902 (unpublished) — Boyle, James E.: The Union Label. Soc. Rev., 1903. II. Social Studies by Residents. Cerafer, Thomas: Tuberculosis in Milwaukee. Report International Tuberculosis Con- gress — Johnson, Alexander: Unemployment in Milwaukee—A Study of the Panic. To be published as University Bulletin, University of Wisconsin — Osgood, Irene: Report Wisconsin Bureau of Labor and Industrial Statistics, 1909. (Incorporated in report of J. D. Beck.) — Rasewissen, Peter: A Study of Infant Mortality in Milwaukee. To be published as Bulletin University of Wisconsin. RACINE The Central Association 816 College Avenue Established June 1, 1910, by the amalgamation of the North Side Boys’ Club, the Day Nursery, the Visiting Nurse, the Big Sister Association, and the Associated Charities. Aims “to bring together in closer relationship all philan- thropic work in the city of Racine, to promote the physical, moral and social welfare of the community at large, and to stimulate the social conscience to the need of united effort toward higher social ideals, and by so doing make possible a better citizenship.’’ Supported by subscriptions. Neighborhood. Mixed industrial and residential quarter. Maintains boys’ and girls’ clubs (numbering 200); dancing class; musical club; rug weaving; brass and copper work; gymnasium and outside athletic work; day nursery; visiting nurse; English for foreigners; manual training; mothers’ clubs; four auxiliary clubs among people of means and education who co-operate with the work. Residents. Women 3, men 2. Head Resident. (Mrs.) Annie W. Bartholomew, June, 1910-.HAWAIIAN ISLANDS HONOLULU Palama Settlement King and Liliha Streets Established March, 1905, by the Hawaiian Evangelical Association, the Central Union Church, and Mr. and Mrs. P. C. Jones, continuing the Palama Chapel (June, 1896). Neighborhood. The people are Hawaiians, Americans, Chinese, Portuguese and Japanese. Activities. Established a system of visiting nursing, and maintains and operates dispensaries and milk depots in various parts of the city. Co- operates in the anti-tuberculosis campaign. Undertook an inquiry into the “Standards of Living Among Workingmen’s Families.” Study of city tene- ments. Co-operates with Juvenile Probation Court. Tuberculosis day camp 1910 (Co-operation Red Cross Society and Central Union Church). Maintains employment bureau; day camp (tuberculosis); clinics; visiting nursing service; milk depots; religious service; library and reading room; gymnasium and baths; kindergarten; evening school (English, grammar, geography, history and arithme- tic); classes in sewing, music, etc.; clubs for men and women, young people and adults; entertainments, etc. Controls and rents sixteen cottages adjoining the settlement. Head Resident. James A. Rath. Literature. Report 1909-10 (Contains history). LAHAINA, MAUI Baldwin House Founded 1901, by Nancy J. Malone as a kindergarten. Developed into a settlement gradually since 1904. Two buildings attached and a separate kindergarten building. Maintains educational, industrial, and social work for classes and clubs. Head Resident. Miss Adams. WAILUKU, MAUI Alexander House Alexander House Settlement Building, Corner High and Market Streets. Gym- nasium and Workers’ Residence, Market Street, Near High Founded 1901, by Nancy J. Malone, “to supply a place and means where, under right environment and in the atmosphere of a Christian home, the 303304 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS social instincts inherent in every human soul might be satisfied/’ Unincor- porated. Hawaiian Evangelical Association are trustees of the property, but exert no control in general management. Maintained: “Salaries of worker and kindergartner are paid by Hawaiian Evangelical Association and Wailuku Sugar Company, assisted by a friend. Salaries of kindergarten assistants and yardman paid by private subscriptions. Gifts, socials, entertainments and other local efforts supply money for other running expenses and materials.” Neighborhood. A large portion of the residents are workers on the sugar planta- tion of Wailuku. The nationalities are Hawaiian, Portuguese, Japanese and Chinese. Maintains kindergarten; library and reading room; room for games; sewing classes and physical training. A new gymnasium and swimming pool will soon be ready for use. These will be used by the American people as well as by the other classes, thus widening the influence of the settlement work in the community. Settlement workers visit the homes where they can be of use in any way. These visits frequently result in being able to help send boys and girls away to school among better environments. Residents. Women 3. Head Workers. Nancy J. Malone, 1901-1902; Mary C. Huntington, 1901-1903; Emily A. Babb, Fall, 1903-1906; Nora Towner, 1906-1910; Lurena Merriman, 1910-. Literature. Report by N. J. Malone. Fortieth Annual Report, H. C. A., 1903 — Babb, E. A.: One Year in Hawaii. Report of H. E. A., 1903 — Settlement Work of Maui. Friend, Oct., 1903 — Article in Tbe Friend (Pub. by the Hawaiian Evangelical Association), Mar., 1904 — Ayers, Lucy E.: Social Studies. Crucible, Jan., 1905 — Towner, N.: Articles in Tie Friend, Mar., 1908; July, 1908. WAIAKEA, HILO Waiakea Social Settlement Founded January 1, 1903, by the Hawaiian Evangelical Association, as the enlargement of a Sunday school work already begun, “ to be a home-place for the community, where all are welcome to partake of rest, social pleasure, mental food and spiritual nourishment; to help the children especially to be happy as well as good.” Maintained by the Hawaiian Board of Missions and by subscriptions. Maintains daily dispensary; Sunday school; "friendly talks” on Sunday evenings; sewing school; music and culture classes; girls* weaving class; women's class (industrial and devotional); prayer meeting; reading room; socials; drills; visits; collecting savings; annual concert. Residents. Women 2 Literature. Authorized Statements. Wright, Iola A.: At Waiakea. In One Year in Hawaii. Published by Hawaiian Evangelical Association.IN OTHER COUNTRIES CANADA Montreal University Settlement (McGill University), 159, 161 and 189 Dorchester Street, West. Established May, 1910, as an outgrowth of various forms of club and social work undertaken by students of the University since 1892. The work is unsectarian. Head Residents. Mrs. Douglas McIntosh, May to December, 1910; Eliza- beth Helm, December, 1910-June, 1911; Miss L. A. Young, Summer, 191i~. Ottawa Settlement House (Undenominational), 318 Rideau Street. Day Nursery, 128 Nelson Street. Established October, 1909, under auspices of the Union Mission. Head Resident. Mary Bell. Toronto Evangelia Settlement (Undenominational), N. E. Corner Queen and River Streets. Established March, 1902. Head Resident. Edith C. Elwood. Winnipeg All Peoples* Mission, 464 Stella Avenue. Established 1899. Maintains five local centers. Superintendent. Rev. James S. Woodsworth. ENGLAND Birmingham Women’s Settlement, 318 Summer Lane (1899). Warden. Miss M. C. Matheson. Bristol Broad Plain House, St. Phillip’s (1890). Warden. F. N. Colborne. Bristol University Settlement. Warden. Hilda Cashmore. Chesterfield The Settlement, Church Lane (Dec., 1902). Warden. Miss Richards. Ipswich Social Settlement, 133-135 Fore St. (Nov., 1896). Secretary. W. Edmund Calver. Liverpool Victoria Women’s Settlement, 294 Netherfield Road, N. (1898). Warden. Miss Macadam. 21 305HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS London Bermondsey Settlement, Famcombe St., S. E. (1901). Warden. J. Scott Lid- gett, M. A. Bermondsey Women’s Settlement, 149 Lower Road, Rotherhithe, S. E. (1901). Warden. J. Scott Lidgett, M. A. Cambridge House, 131-135 Camberwell Rd., S. E. (1897). Rev. W. H. H. Elliott. Canning Town Women’s Settlement. (Jan., 1892). Head. Rebecca H. Cheetham. Residence: Settlement House, Cumberland Rd., Barking Rd., E. Offices, Club Rooms, and Lee’s Hall: 81 Barking Road, E. Medical Mission Hospital, Balaam St., Plaistow. Charterhouse Mission, 40 Tabard St., Southwark, S. E. (1885). Head. Rev. F. G. Croom, M. A. Christ Church (Oxford) Mission, Follett St., Poplar, E. (1881). Head. Rev. Claud R. Cotter. Clare College Mission, 143 Abbeyfield Rd., Rotherhithe. (1885). Head. D. L. Bryce. Corpus Christi College Mission, 186 New Cross Rd., S. E. Head. Rev. R. W. M. Lewis. Esperance Clubs and Guild of Morris Dancers, 50 Cumberland Market, Regent Park, N. W. (1895). Hon. Sec. Mary Neal. Felsted School Mission (Church of The Ascension), Custom House, Victoria Docks, E. (1886). Head. Rev. T. G. Steele, M. A. Gonville and Caius College (Cambridge) Mission and Settlement, Battersea Sq., S. W. (1887). Warden. Rev. S. C. Carpenter. Harrow Mission, 191 Latimer Rd., Notting Hill, W. Lady Margaret Hall Settlement, 129-135 Kennington Rd., S. E. (1897). Head. Dorothy Kempe. Mansfield House, 89 Barking Rd., Canning Town, E. (1890). Warden. W. R. Hughes, M. A. Men’s Club, 143-145 Barking Road. Boys’ Club, 310-314 Barking Road. “Wave” Lodging House, 234 Victoria Dock Rd. Maurice Hostel (Men’s House), 64 Britannia St., City Rd. (1899). Head. Rev. R. R. Hyde. Maurice Hostel (Women’s House), 108 Shepherdess Walk, N. (1898). Head. Miss Craske. Oxford House, Mape St., Bethnal Green, E. (1884). Head. Rev. H. R. L. Sheppard. Passmore Edwards Settlement (University Hall), Tavistock Place, St. Pancras. (1891). Warden. G. E. Gladstone, M. A. Peel Institute, 14a Clerkenwell Green, E. C. (1896). Head. G. M. Gillett. Pembroke College Mission, 207a East St., Walworth, S. E., London, E. Presbyterian Women’s Settlement, 56 East India Dock Rd., E. (1899). Robert Browning Settlement, Walworth, Southwark. (1895). Warden. F. Herbert Stead, M. A. Robert Browning Hall, York St., Walworth Rd., S. E. Settlement House, 1 York St., Walworth Rd., S. E. (1903). Browning Club, 197 Walworth Rd., S. E. (1902).IN OTHER COUNTRIES 307 Dale Library of Christian Sociology, 197 Walworth Rd., S. E. (1902). Slade Club, 44 Robsart St., Brixton, S. W. (1905). Browning Bethany Homes for the Aged, Whyteleafe, Surrey. (1905). Holiday Home—Wild Goose Cottage, Horsham, Sussex. Rugby House, 292 Lancaster Rd., Notting Hill, W. (1890). Head. Rev. C. S. Donald. St. Anthony’s Settlement, 21 Great Prescot Street, East. St. Helen’s House, 93 The Grove, Stratford, E. (1896). Warden. Miss St. Hill. St. Hilda’s East, Cheltenham Ladies’ College Settlement, 3 Old Nichol St., Bethnal Green, E. (1889). Head. Miss Bruce. St. Mildred’s House, Millwall, Isle of Dogs, E. (1897). Head. Miss Wintour. St. Margaret’s House (Branch of Oxford House), 21 Old Ford Rd., Bethnal Green, E. Head. Miss Harrington. Talbot House Women’s Settlement, 48 Addington Sq., Camberwell. (1900). Head. J. M. Douglas. Toynbee Hall, 28 Commercial St., E., Whitechapel. (1884). Warden. T. Ed- mund Harvey, M. A. United Girls’ Schools Settlement, 19 Peckham Rd., S. E. (1906). Warden. Bishop of Southwark. Wellington College Mission, 183 East St., Walworth, C. E. Women’s University Settlement, 44 Nelson Sq., Blackfriars Rd. (1887). Warden. Miss M. McN. Sharpley. Women Workers’ College (Grey Ladies), Dartmouth Row, Blackheath Hill, S. E. (1893). Head. Miss S. Wordsworth. Branch House, 119 Kennington Road, S. E. Manchester Art Museum and University Settlement, Ancoats Hall, Every Street. Warden. Emily Jenkinson. Men’s House, 20 Every St. Head Resident. T. B. Seymour, M. A. Lancashire College Settlement, Embden St., Hulme. (1896). Warden. Rev. J. Stephenson. Star Hall, Ancoats. Middlesbrough The Settlement, 132 Newport Rd. (1892). Resident Superintendent. Miss Harris. Sheffield The Neighborhood Guild Settlement, Rutland Hall, Rutland Road and Neighbour Hall, Shifton St. (1897). Honorary Secretary. Dr. Helen Wilson. Stoke-On-Trent Women’s Settlement, Fenton House. (1898). Head. Miss Garnett. SCOTLAND Dundee Grey Lodge. (1903). Warden. Miss M. L. Walker. Edinburgh University Settlement Association, Surgeon Sq. (190$). Warden. Hector Munro Ferguson.308 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Chalmer’s University Settlement, io Ponton St., Fountainbridge. New College Settlement, 48 Pleasance, Warden. Rev. A. C. Dawson, M. A. Glasgow Broomielaw Free Church College Mission, 52 Carrick St., Anderston. Warden. Rev. J. Law, M. A. Queen Margaret Settlement, 77 Port St., Anderston. (1897). Head. Miss Marion Rutherford. Toynbee House, Cathedral Court, Rotten Row. (1888). Honorary Secretary. H. D. Jackson. University Students Settlement, 10 Possil Rd. Warden. Jas. Cunnison, M. A.THE CONTINENT (The addresses are for the convenience of visitors desiring information con- cerning social work on the Continent) BELGIUM Brussels—Instituts Solvay, Parc Leopold. FRANCE Paris—Musee Social 5, rue Las Cases. GERMANY Berlin—Amerika Institut, Universitatsste 6. Hamburg—The Volksheim, Muhlenberg 4. Vienna—Armendirektion. HOLLAND Amsterdam—Bureau voor Sociale Adviezen, Vossinsstrat 37 Ons Huis, 12-16 Rozenstratt. ITALY Milan—Societa Umanitaria, 9 Via Alessandro Manzoni. SWITZERLAND Geneva—Public Information Bureau, 3 Place des Bergues. 309DISCONTINUED SETTLEMENTS (Including active agencies no longer to be classed as settlements) CALIFORNIA SAN FRANCISCO Welch Street Settlement Established August, 1900, by Miss L. A. Craighan. “ I lived on Welch Street between 3 and 4 Bryant and Brannan in a three-room flat that I rented for nine dollars a month, and of course was alone and had my cooking and housework to do also. I did not do merely hourly nursing, but stayed as I was needed —sometimes nursing a case night and day—but I always went home for my meals, such as they were. “My own ideal of settlement work is that of a religious-educational work as a basis, with nursing as an adjunct only, though a very important one. But the people who first interested themselves in the Welch St. Settlement collected money for it as a nursing work. It was established on that basis and all the subscribers gave their money for the 'sick poor/ consequently my duty was to do nursing—and I tried to do it well and not waste time doing many things at once. But I always hoped that some time some Catholic trained nurse would be inspired to join her fortunes with mine, and thus we could relieve each other with the nursing and make a beginning with the other things. “ I had three or four regular subscribers who gave me five dollars per month each— the other subscribers were only temporary ones. There were also a number of donations. The largest donation was one of three hundred dollars. I put it in the bank and drew upon it as I needed. As soon as this was gone I was without sufficient funds to continue. My total fund and subscription the last month was about $26, which was plenty for my own support but not enough to do nursing with. I was also very much worn out in every way (having had only three days* vacation in the whole two and a half years) and also had the grippe.**—L. A. Craighan. Discontinued May, 1903. WEST BERKELEY West Berkeley Settlement Established 1894, by David Barrows and Miss Wambold, under the auspices of the Y. M. C. A. and Y. W. C. A. of the University of California and an advisory board com- posed of citizens of East Berkeley and professors in the State University. The work was carried on by students of the University of California. Activities. Library and reading room; classes in civics, scroll sawing, music, bookkeeping, hammock weaving, sewing, cooking, millinery; mothers* club. Location. Delaware and Sixth Streets; University Avenue near Fifth Street; 2015 Eighth Street. Head Residents. William L. Collier; Ruby A. Widd. 310DISCONTINUED SETTLEMENTS 3H COLORADO PUEBLO Pueblo Neighborhood House Established February 14, 1907, by the Women’s Clubs with the assistance of citizens. Discontinued May, 1908. Neighborhood. “A quarter known as ’The Grove.’ The population was foreign and because of viaducts and railroads quite segregated.” Maintained classes in sewing and cooking; clubs for women and children. Location. 601 East B St., 1907. Residents. Women 2. Head Resident. Sarah Weber Addams, 1907. Literature. Authorized Statements. First Annual Report, 1907. ILLINOIS CHICAGO Clybourne Avenue Settlement Organized as Olivet Mission (Presbyterian) 1892. Became Clybourne Avenue Settlement, undenominational and independent, March, 1894, under Rev. N. B. W. Gallwey. Discontinued August 31, 1898. Activities. “The departments of the work include educational clubs and classes, kindergarten, day nursery, civic, social, economic, domestic, and industrial gatherings, notably a weekly economic discussion on Monday evenings, where two hundred persons have often been in attendance. Mothers’ meetings and co-operation with the neighboring homes in helpfulness toward the children are features of the settlement’s work. Under its auspices a conference on day nurseries was held in 1896.”—Bibliography of Settlements, 1897. Location. Corner Clybourne Ave. and Halsted St. Literature. Editorial. Commons, Sept., 1898 — Bibliography of Settlements, 1897. Frances E. Willard Settlement Established 1897, by the Women’s Christian Temperance Union in honor of Frances Willard. The work grew out of a day nursery and consisted of a few clubs and classes added to the nursery work. These were discontinued in 1906. Location. 133 So. Morgan St. Kirkland School Settlement Founded May, 1896, by Elizabeth Kirkland, as her own effort with the co-opera- tion of friends, and upon her death soon after, continued by her sister, Cordelia Kirk- land. Discontinued April, 1898, the property being divided between the Clybourne Avenue Settlement and the Henry Booth House. Activities. “The departments of work include a fine boys’ dub in affiliation with Mr. Bradley’s boys’ municipality at Allendale Farm, Lake Villa, III.; kindergarten; day nursery; mothers’ meetings; sewing classes; neighborhood entertainments, etc.”—Bib- liography, 1897. Location. 334 Indiana Street. Literature. Her Life for the Poor. Chicago Tribune, May 1, 1896; Settlement Federation. Commons, Oct., 1896 — Bibliography of Settlements, 1897.512 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Medical Missionary College Settlement (Branch of the Seventh Day Adventist Medical Missionary and Benevolent Association) Founded June 15, 1895, in close affiliation with the sanitarium at Battle Creek, Michigan. Purposed to extend medical missionary work. Maintained free popular lectures; kindergarten; day nursery; kitchen garden; classes in sewing, sloyd, and cook- ing; mothers’ meetings; Gospel services; medical and nursing service. “A dispensary was established in connection with the settlement work and various lines of rescue work for unfortunate women and children and intemperate and friendless men. The work was later removed to 2 and 4 College Place and later to 828 Thirty-fifth Place, and a work for men is located at La Grange known as the Pedicord Farm. Two doctors are employed in con- nection with the dispensary, and three nurses. The daily attendance of sick people is about fifty. Work is done in homes and classes are being organized for the instruction of girls in the care of infants. Lectures are held for the instruction of the poor in the hygienic care of their homes. Religious meetings of a strictly non-sectarian character are held several times weekly.”—J. H. Kellogg, 1910. Mutual Benefit House Founded July, 1897, as the outgrowth of the social work of a band of King’s Daugh- ters in a working girls’ club. Maintained largely by the Noyes Mission Circle of Evanston. Discontinued 1901. Neighborhood. The people were largely German. Maintained kindergarten; library; penny savings bank; children’s club, young women’s clubs; classes in cooking, sewing, gymnasium, health meetings, Sunday afternoon concerts, etc. Chief emphasis on work with children. Location. 531 West Superior St. Residents, 1900. Men 2, women 4. Volunteers. 6. Head Resident. (Mrs.) Mary E. Williamson. Literature. News Item. Commons, Oct., 1899 — Bibliography of Settlements, 1900. EVANSTON Delano Settlement Established January, 1897, by the Women’s Christian Temperance Unions of Evanston, and named in honor of the late Dr. Delano, formerly pastor of the First M. E. Church. Aimed “to help the young people, especially the boys of the neighborhood, who were finding their amusement in places which were degrading.” Maintained by the Women’s Christian Temperance Union, the Young People’s Society of the First Baptist Church, and old friends of Dr. Delano. Discontinued as a settlement in the spring of 1899 and carried on since as the Delano Christian Association and Delano Mission. Neighborhood. Closely populated district between Emerson and Noyes Streets and Sherman and Ridge Avenues. The population was American, Swedish, and German. Maintained kindergarten; boys’club with athletic drill; night school; religious services and Sunday school. Locations. 823 Foster St., Jan., 1897-July, 1898; 2001 Maple St., July, 1898. Head Workers. Mrs. M. Main; (Mrs.) Hester Walker. Literature. Bibliography of Settlement, 1897 — News Item. Commons, May, 1899-DISCONTINUED SETTLEMENTS 30 INDIANA INDIANAPOLIS Fourth Presbyterian Church Neighborhood House Founded by G. L. Mackintosh. The settlement "was commenced in a small way in the autumn of 1898 and maintained at first by contributions from the Fourth Presby- terian Church. It was located in a building once used for business purposes, on the corner of Columbia Avenue and 22nd Street. The neighborhood is in a part of the city inhabited mostly by Americans (factory workers and so-called day laborers). Criminality was not characteristic of the people. The type among the younger portion was rough and rowdy. There was at one time a family in residence. There was a flourishing Sunday school, a Wednesday evening service for young people, and frequently a sermon or address Sunday evening. Kindergarten; mothers’ meeting; gymnasium for boys; sewing school, and some beginnings in manual training." The settlement later developed into a church. Indiana Avenue Neighborhood House Founded December, 1897, by Misses C. Cotton and Mary Smith, under the aus- pices of the Charity Organization Society. Supported by Plymouth Church. Maintained kindergarten; reading room; gymnasium; dime savings association; sewing classes; boys’ club; working girls’ home; lectures, entertainments, etc. Locations. 610 West North St., 631 Indiana Ave.; 905 Indiana Ave., 1900-1. Residents, 1900. Men 2, women 6. Volunteers. 3. Literature. Bibliography of Settlements, 1900. Third Christian Church Neighborhood House Founded November, 1899, by the Third Christian Church "to help the people to restore or build up character and thus enable them to supply for themselves their own wants." Maintained by the church. Closed, at first temporarily, for the summer of 1901, in order that expense might be saved, as a new building was contemplated in the fall. Conditions changed; the new building was not erected, and the work was dropped. Neighborhood. A mixed factory and tenement district of cottage homes, but with many saloons and bad physical conditions. The neighbors were American, white and colored, and there was much shiftlessness. Maintained Sunday school; city library delivery station; kindergarten; sewing school; gymnasium classes for boys and girls; clubs for women; entertainments and pic- nics. Location. 1537 North Arsenal Ave., Nov., 1899-June, 1901. Literature. Rowlinson, Carlos C.: The Neighborhood House (Pamphlet). 1901. KANSAS KANSAS CITY Bethel HoMfe Settlement (Formerly Bethel Mission and Bethel Congregational Church) Established (Mission in 1891, and Settlement in 1902) by the Kansas Congre- gational Home Missionary Society "to christianize the community." Maintained by the Kansas Congregational Home Missionary Society and private subscriptions.314 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS “ I doubt whether we could properly be called a ‘settlement.’ Mr. Miller, my pre- decessor, lived in our building, and gave the institution the name of the Bethel Home Settle- ment. I suppose we would more properly be called an institutional church. We identify ourselves with the life of the community and seek to build it up. I am heartily in sympathy with the original settlement idea, I believe our work is thoroughly in line with it. We do some things, such as relief work, which are not usually considered good for settlements, but the undeveloped state of philanthropic work here makes fine classification of work un- practical.”—L. A. Halbert. The work was discontinued November 30, 1909. Neighborhood. The neighbors were Austrians, Americans, Negroes, Irish, Ger- mans, Swedes, English, Russians, etc. Activities. The house was instrumental in securing a kindergarten for the neigh- borhood. Maintained a day nursery; dispensary; relief work; night school; library; sewing school; Sunday school and religious services; various clubs. Summer Work.—A camp at Bonner Springs; flower distribution. Location. 43 North First Street. Residents. Women 4, men 1. Head Residents. Rev. Leroy A. Halbert; Rev. Charles G. Miller. Literature. Authorized Statements. Report April 1, 1906. See also: Kansas City’s Patch. Commons, July, 1897. MASSACHUSETTS BOSTON Dorothea Dix House Established January 20, 1893, by Rev. W. Locke, “to meet as far as was possible the social, educational and industrial needs of the neighborhood.” Carried on as a chil- dren’s house. In 1896 became a home for children whose parents are engaged upon the stage. Maintained day school; kindergarten; classes in music, dancing, drawing, sewing, embroidery, French; a dramatic club and mothers’ meetings. Locations. 13 Warrenton St.; 72 Chandler St.; 14 E. Brookline St. Head Resident. Julia Farrington, January, 1893-June, 1896. East Boston Social Settlement Established September, 1908, by Helen Newell “to keep the children off the street and to improve the neighborhood.” Discontinued June, 1910. Neighborhood. A tenement quarter of small houses and three-family tenements. The neighbors were Jews, Italians, Irish and American. Maintained dispensary; overflow domestic science branch of the public school; classes in sewing, housekeeping; clubs for girls and children. Location. 18 Chelsea St., Sept., 1908-June, 1909. Paid Workers. Women 2. Volunteers. Women 6. Head Worker. Helen Newall, Sept., 1908-May, 1910. Emmanuel House (Continues as a Parish House) Established “as a church settlement on Pleasant Street in 1894. Three years later it was moved to 1900 Washington Street and put in charge of the Vicar of The ChurchDISCONTINUED SETTLEMENTS 315 of the Ascension, which is a mission of Emmanuel Church. The house then became a combined neighborhood and parish house and continued this character until 1907. On account of the strong anti-Roman feeling of many members of the church, who have been brought up in Ireland or in close contact with the Roman Church elsewhere, we found that we couldn’t do the thorough religious work which we desired to do while we were mixing Roman Catholics with these church members, and it seemed that we could do a stronger, and, in the end, a broader work by devoting ourselves to our own particular field; that is, the Protestants whom we could bring within the influence of the Church of the Ascension. So for the last three years we have not taken any Roman Catholics into our clubs or classes. They do, however, take advantage of the library, playground, stamp savings, kindergarten and summer play school. Since this change in policy has been put into effect, the Social and educational side of the church work has been organized and carried on with good effect. We have gained a feeling of unity and loyalty to the church which was impossible under the old conditions.” Settlement discontinued in 1907. Maintained kindergarten; library; savings; gymnasium and baths; classes in clay modeling, brass craft, drawing and color, cooking, music, dressmaking, sewing, social dancing, folk dancing. Summer Work.—Gardening; picnics and excursions; boys’ camp; playground; City Mission play school. Location. Pleasant Street, 1894-1897; 1900 Washington Street, 1897; 11 New- comb Street, November, 1905-1907. Volunteers. Total 75. Head Resident. The Vicar of the Church of the Ascension (with family). Literature. Year Book of Emmanuel Parish. Tech House Founded 1903, “to bring students of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology into contact with workingmen and their families; to bring them face to face with some of the city problems and show them how such problems are dealt with.” Activities. “Tech House is a social clearing house. It supplies other settlements and social agencies with workers. Tech students, being largely engineers, are well adapted for certain kinds of settlement work. They can work with their hands, therefore they are useful as teachers. The lives of many of them will be spent with workingmen, as foremen, masters, employers. Therefore they appreciate the value of having early natural, friendly relations with boys and men of the working class.” Location. 138 Eustis St., Roxbury. Residents. Men 7. Volunteers 40. Head Resident. Kellogg Durland. Literature. Durland, Kellogg; Tech House. Boston Evening Transcript, Jan. 2, 1904. MICHIGAN DETROIT Berean Social Settlement Founded December 4, 1896, by Mrs.’Maud Reid Paige. “Social purity is the distinctive work of this settlement, the first in Detroit. It is avowedly Christian, and is in many senses a mission, being quite as well known under the name of the ‘ Berean Mission,’ and in close alliance with the institution of that name, which is next door. A Sunday kindergarten is carried on, and there is a cottage dispensary, in3i6 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS addition to the usual club and class work. Emphasis is placed upon problems of home- making.”—Bibliography of Settlements, 1897 and 1900. The East Side Settlement grew out of this work in 1902-3. Head Resident. Laura M. Peckham. MINNESOTA ST. PAUL The Commons (A Tenement Settlement) Established May, 1896, by J. M. Hanson “to provide a home for working men and women; to furnish them social and educational advantages on a self-supporting basis.” Discontinued in the spring of 1906. The work was carried on as a tenement settlement in a large building of 110 rooms, at 460 Jackson Street, St. Paul, Minnesota, until the fall of 1903, when it was moved to 379 Eighth Street, with a branch at 335 East Seventh Street. In many ways the first building used was excellently adapted to the work. It was located within easy walking distance from the factories and shops in which the tenants were employed. Besides the living rooms it had a large, airy, covered court in its center, which was used for a general sitting, reception, or assembly room. The usual social settlement activities were carried on. Most of the nearly 200 tenants were attracted to at least one line of the organized work, and besides, shared in the general family life, which gradually developed a cheerful, progressive spirit. The growth of the city increased the value of the building, and it was consequently sold in 1903 for business purposes. There was no other adequate building which could be secured. The buildings on Seventh and Eighth Streets were unsuitable for the work, which involved self-support as a fundamental idea. Head Residents. J. M. Hanson; Eleanor Hanson. Literature. Gutridge, A. W.: Tenement House Settlement Work. Charities, ix : 153 (Aug. 16, 1902) — Tenement House Settlement Work. Commons, vii, No. 73 (Aug., 1902). MISSOURI KANSAS CITY Mattie Rhodes Settlement “This work is in charge of Edith M. Shortt, who received her training at St. Paul in ‘The Commons’ and ‘Neighborhood House’ of that city. There are but two residents here, the matron of the nursery and Miss Shortt. Their work has been largely with the patrons of the nursery and with the children. Clubs, classes, and night school were con- ducted during the winter and now a playground has been equipped and an attendant hired for the summer. A very good beginning has been made this first year and it is hoped that something can be done this fall with the men and older boys of the district.”—Tbe Com- mons, July, 1902. Never developed. ST. LOUIS St. Louis Social Settlement Founded October, 1895, as an outgrowth of the Working Girls’ Free Library, estab- lished in 1885. The work was closed in 1900, and revived as the Watt’s Chapel SocialDISCONTINUED SETTLEMENTS 317 Settlement, and later as the Victor Street Mission. The mission maintained (1903-) by the First German Presbyterian Church. Neighborhood. “The location of the settlement is in the midst of a large factory district made up of every nationality. As our acquaintance has widened, the greater have we realized the value and need of real social work.”—Report, 1895-7. Maintained day nursery; kindergarten; Sunday school; sewing school; clubs for boys, girls, and mothers. Clubs for men at times. Locations. 1510 Lafayette Ave.; 2501 South Second St., corner Victor St.; Victor and Third Sts. Residents. (Mrs.) Virginia C. Logie; (Mrs.) Lucy A. Wiggin; Dr. Erasmus McGinnis. Literature. Reports of the St. Louis Working Girls’ Free Library — Year Book, 1898 — Social Settlement. St. Louis Globe-Democrat, October, 1895 — Encyclopaedia of the History of St. Louis, p. 2094 — Bibliography of Settlements, 1897, 1900, 1905. Social Settlement League Founded February, 1898, by Dr. Leon Harrison, under the auspices of Temple Israel and Jewish Night Schools. The work was later taken over by the Educational Alliance. Maintained educational classes of various kinds. Locations. Eleventh and Franklin Sts.; cor. Ninth and Washington Sts. Head Residents. Dr. Leon Harrison; J. W. Caldwell, M. A. Literature. St. Louis Post Despatch, Feb. 7, 1900 — St. Louis Republic, Feb. 7, 1900 — Bibliography of Settlements, 1900. NEBRASKA LINCOLN College Settlement (Formerly Graham Taylor House) Established February 1, 1896, by the faculty and students of the University of Nebraska, “ to provide an opportunity for student effort for the good of those who have few social and educational opportunities.” Aimed to be “a place where all classes may meet together in a fraternal spirit for social recreation and mutual help.” Discontinued in 1908. Neighborhood. “The inhabitants of the immediate vicinity were chiefly laboring people and largely American. It was only a few blocks either way, however, to the resi- dence districts of a very well-to-do class. There are no large areas occupied by any one social class or nationality in Lincoln except two settlements of the Russian German people. They occupy the districts they have settled in almost to the exclusion of other nationalities. The settlement was not near these colonies.” Activities. Efforts to arouse its neighborhood to the need of better streets, side- walks, sewers, and observance of law. Maintained a reading room; game room; shower baths; classes in sewing, cook- ing, carpentry, drawing, music, and the English branches; clubs for boys, girls, and young people. Locations. 945 N. Eighth St., 1896-1902 (The Russian German quarter); 200 S. Twentieth St., July, 1902-8. (Special Building.) Head Residents. Mr. and Mrs. Emile Fauquet, 1896; O. L. Anderson, 1900; Comadore E. Prevey, 1901-1904; E. H. Willisford, 1905-1908.3i8 HANDBOOK OF SETTLEMENTS Literature. Authorized Statements. About the College Settlement. By the Settlers, 1904. See also: The work was continuously reported in the columns of the Ne- braskan, published at the University. Address, Lincoln, Neb. See especially articles of Nov. 6, 1896; Dec. 4, 1896; Jan. 8, 1897; and Feb. 6, 1897 — Article in State Journal (Lincoln, Neb.), Oct. 16, 1904. NEW JERSEY PASSAIC Dundee House “Founded January, 1897, as a public enterprise, and the result of a citizens’ meet- ing.” Head Resident. Alfred Murray. NEW YORK ALBANY Association of Collegiate Alumna Settlement “A member of the Eastern New York Association of Collegiate Alumnae rents an apartment and lives there with her mother. The A. C. A. rent of her the large front room, which is used for club purposes. We have been in this location a year and have signed a lease for another year. Our work is more or less an experiment, and perhaps does not de- serve enrollment among the permanent settlements.”—Secretary. Discontinued, 1910. Location. 228 Central Ave. BROOKLYN Jane Addams Settlement Founded 1902, by a group of young women “to promote the best interests of the community.” Merged into girls’ work and the Young Women’s Christian Association (1905). Maintained kindergarten; club for young working women; mothers’, boys’ and girls’ classes in embroidery, physical culture, millinery, shirtwaist making, cooking, elocu- tion, singing; penny provident fund. Location. 239 South Ninth Street. Spanish Settlement (Undenominational) Established in the fall of 1908 by Nina Rhenish as an outgrowth of a children’s class in English held in the lecture room of Plymouth Church. Religious services under the City Mission; classes in English, and a sewing class for girls. There was some friendly work done. Discontinued, 1910. Location. 38 Henry St. Literature. N. Y. World (Brooklyn Edition), Dec. 13, 1908; Apr. 4, 1909 — Herald, May 11, 1909. BUFFALO Cottage Guild Established 1896, by Mrs. Bryant Glenny, Elizabeth Hamlin, Miss Avery, Ger- trude Laverock, Miss Keating, and May Williams. The guild was a very simple and spontaneous expression, by a number of young girls, of the social settlement idea. Mrs.DISCONTINUED SETTLEMENTS 319 Glenny originated the scheme with a penny savings bank held in the kitchen of a family she was aiding, and a group of from five to ten others, varying in number during the five years of the guild’s existence. Aimed “ to do social work among children and young people/' Maintained by the founders. Discontinued, May, 1902. Neighborhood. “The work was conducted on the guild plan (since the neighbor- hood was not one of extreme poverty), looking forward to the time when the clubs would become active in the support of the guild, and help in conducting its business and schemes.” Maintained library; penny savings fund; kindergarten (taken into the public school by the city); classes in gymnastics, amateur theatricals, Greek myths, nature study, wrought iron work, sewing, kitchen garden; clubs for boys and girls. Locations. 13 Perkins Pl., March, 1896; 387 Herkimer St., Oct., 1897-1902. Literature. Reports of the Buffalo Charity Organization Society. Mission of the Angel Guardian (Catholic) Established November 5, 1897, <