j) . • BISON - PEACE CORPS GOALS Les trois objectifs du Corps de Ia Paix sont les suivants: *promouvoir Ia paix et l'amitie universeUes en mettant aIa disposition des pays interesses des Americains desireux de servir al'etranger, et capables d'aider leurs habitants afaire face aleurs besoins de main-d'oeuvre specialisee. *contribuer aune meiUeure comprehension du peuple Americain chez les peuples d'accueil. *contribuer aune meilleure comprehension des autres nations chez le peuple Americain. Loi de 196 I portant creation de Corps de Ia Paix. The three goals of Peace Corps are: *to promote world peace and friendship by making available to interested countries Americans ~illing to serve overseas who will help people of these countries to meet their needs for trained manpower; *to help promote a better understanding of the American people on the part of people served; and *to promote a better understanding of other people on the part of the American people. The Peace Corps Act, 1961. Los tres objetivos del Cuerpo de Paz son: * Promover Ia paz y Ia amistad en el mundo por medio de ciudadanos estadounidenses capacitados que esten dispuestos a trabajar y cooperar en el exterior con aquellos paises que asi lo soliciten; * Promover un mejor conocirniento de pueblo norteamericano por parte de Ia gente de los paises sede; y * Formentar un mejor conocimiento de Ia gente de otros paises por parte del pueblo norteamericano. Acta del Cuerpo de Paz, 1.961 FROM THE DIRECIDR '\1ENSAJE DEL DIRECTOR Durante mas de veinte aiios el Cuerpo de Paz ha suministrado voluntarios debida 'llente capacitados, para convivir y trabajar on los campesinos, agricultores y estu iantes en los paises del Tercer Mundo en alidad de colegas y compaiieros. Desde Ia epoca en que el presidente John . Kennedy formo el Cuerpo de Paz, las ondiciones de alimentacion, salud y vivienda han agravado considerablement, haciendo 1m mas urgente Ia necesidad de que el undo entero se una en un esfuerzo comiin ara combatir el hambre, Ia pobre1..a, Ia orancia y Ia intolerancia. Este compromiso colectivo, de ayudarse tre si para satisfacer las necesidades umanas basicas, representa el tipo de sentido de solidaridad que nos une a todos en este mundo. MESSAGE DU DIRECTEUR epuis une vingtaine d'annees deja, le Corps Ia Paix recrute et forme des volontaires aui vivent et travaillent parmi les villageois, I s agriculteurs et les etudiants du Tiers onde comme collegues et compagnons travail. Dans un monde ou les mal nourris, les malades et les mal loges sont plus nombreux qu' a l'epoque ou John F. Kennedy proposait I creation du Corps de Ia Paix, i1 est plus urgent que jamais pour Ia population du !!klbe de s'unir pour affronter nos adversaires mntuns: Ia faim, Ia pauvrete, !'ignorance !'intolerance. Cet engagement reciproque... de s'entraider amieux subvenir aux besoins f ndamentaux de l'homme...decoule du s ntiment universe! de solidarite qui nous IL tousles uns aux autres. F or nearly twenty years , Peace Corps has provided trained volun teers to live and work among the villagers, farmers, and students of the Third World as colleagues and co-workers. By responding to the needs of people around the world, Peace Corps Volunteers have tapped the infinite creativity and resourcefulness of human kind to address the problems of a world of finite material resources. From the beginning , the essence of Peace Corps has been to face reality and to work-slowly, diligently, with great care and commitment-to bring that reality closer to the world of our dreams. Peace Corps Volunteers have offered the world an idealism of the most practical kind. What will be the role of the Peace Corps in the 1980' s? In many respects, Peace Corps has been anticipating this decade for some years. We have learned a great deal about those issues we now know will mark the eighties: such things as scarcity and limited resources, an even greater need for food production and energy conservation. Peace Corps Volunteers , working with Third World citizens, offer a real alternative to the status quo. As the Peace Corps enters its third decade, we can afford our idealism if we confront the harsh reality of need , and if our sense of commitment is still strong. What we cannot afford is cynicism. In a world in which more people are hungry, more people diseased , more people illhoused than when John F . Kennedy called for the creation of the Peace Corps, the need is more urgent than ever for people around the globe to join together to meet common foes like hunger, poverty, ignorance, and intolerance . Time is short and, although we have made real progress, much remains to be done. In the eighties, Peace Corps will respond to the many challenges of development around the world by following the central commitments that marked its founding in 1961. Peace Corps ' third goal is important, for in many respects a villager's need to acquire certain technical skills to build a dam or a school is matched by the need of the people of the U.S. to acquire a first-hand understanding of the nations and peoples of the Third World. Perhaps this developmental paradox (who , after all, is being developed?) was best expressed by Julius Neyere , who , when inviting the Peace Corps to return to Tanzania, said: "I would be happy to have your volunteers share in the work we are doing. I would be especially happy to educate your Americans." Through the Peace Corps, volunteers work shoulder to shoulder with their host country counterparts on development projects that have been identified by the host country. In striving to accomplish tangible developmental results, something more happens--old myths are questioned and cultural stereotypes are broken down on both sides. A shared perception of common global problems begins to emerge. By working together to identify practical solutions to persistent problems, the foundation is laid for a new international economic, social, and political order. Peace Corps Volunteers and the people with whom they work share the belief that human beings everywhere have the right to pursue and secure their basic human needs: food and water; health and nutrition; knowledge and skills , economic development and income; housing; energy and conservation; and community services. I believe that the commitment to work toward this goal for all people represents the kind of enhanced sense of citizenship that knits us all together on this globe. Richard Celeste Director, U.S. Peace Corps AWORLDWIDE EFFDRf ESFUERZO UMVERSAL Durante los dos decenios de existencia del Cuerpo de Paz, mas de 80,000 ciudadanos estadounidenses han prestado sus servicios como voluntarios del Cuerpo de Paz en mas de ochenta paises. En el curso de un mes solamente, las actividades de los voluntarios del Cuerpo de Paz influencian Ia vida de un milton de personas en mas de sesenta paises. Actualmente, los paises del Tercer Mundo se interesan por aqueUos programas que fomentan Ia autosuficiencia y es por ese motivo que hoy en dia el Cuerpo de Paz ayuda a los paises en donde participa a obtener sus propios objetivos por medio de programas que satisfacen las necesidades humanas b:isicas y que estan diseiiados a ser autosuficientes en el futuro. La meta del Cuerpo de Paz es Ia de dejar un legado creando una capacidad en Iugar de una dependencia. Los voluntarios del Cuerpo de Paz trabajan en America Latina, Asia y Africa enseiiandole a los agricultores el cultivo de nuevas fuentes de alimentacion ( un ejemplo de esto es Ia cria de tiJapia y carpa que son dos grandes fuentes de proteina y que requieren una tecnica muy sencilla para su cultivo) que pueda trasmitirse del voluntario al agricultor y de este a otro agricultor, y asi sucesivamente para transrnitirla de generacion en generacion. El Cuerpo de Paz se ha comprometido a aumentor el voluntariado multiJateral y realzar los servicios nacionales de desarrollo, asi como a colaborar con otros grupos intemacionales de voluntarado. ince the first volunteers stepped off the plane in Accra , Ghana,in 1961 and sang the Ghanian national anthem in Twi, the world's population has increased by more than a billion. Two decades after the Peace Corps was created , more than 80,000 Americans have served as Peace Corps Volunteers in developing countries around the world. In a single month , more than one million people's lives are affected by Peace Corps Volunteers at work in some sixty countries. They are working in the remote regions of Guatemala, the bush villages in Senegal , the jungle terrain of Thailand . As the times have changed , so have the needs of developing nations. Today, Third World countries are interested in programs which foster self-reliance. And today's Peace Corps has responded to this challengeright now over 6,000 Volunteers are helping design self-sustaining programs which go to th e heart of such fundamental concerns as food production , water supply , energy development , nutrition , and health education . In addition to its bilateral programs, Peace Corps is committed to increased multilateral voluntee rism and to enhanced domestic development services. Through the United Nations Volunteer Programme (UNVP), Peace Corps provides grants to ensure UNVP participation from a broad range of developing countries while recruiting and sharing the funding for U.S. volunteers who are directly responsible to UNVP and the U.N. projects to which they are as igned. These multilateral teams of volunteers exemplify international cooperation for the benefit of all. Operating on the basic philosophy of capacity building , Peace Corps, and its U.S. domestic counterpart VISTA , have begun to share their experience in developing community volunteer programs so that this experience can help Third World countries mobilize their own citizen volunteer resources. Peace Corps provides on-site consultations , leadership training programs, and opportunities for domestic development leaders from around the world to meet and observe projects in the U.S. Peace Corps carries this cooperative spirit further through its collaborntion with other international voluntary service organizations, including CARE, Save the Children , Catholic Relief Services, and other agencies. erving alongside workers from these organizations, and so meti mes servi g within the programs these groups support, Peace Corps Volunteers can share expertise and help make maximum use of scarce resources to i prove programs in nutrition , mother-child health , training for the andicapped , vocational education , and other crucial areas. The scope of their activities is wide indeed . A Peace Corps Volun teer may be working on a bridge-building project in Nepal , or with local shermen in the Philippines to improve fishing techniques, designing ater supply systems in Belize , developing disease-resistant varieties of vegetables in Western Samoa, or sta rting a buffalo bank in Thailand. olunteers are involved in agriculture and rural development, business d public management, education , health , urban development, and fortry. The goal is to leave something behind-to build a capability, not a ependence. In Latin America, Asia and Africa , Peace Corps VolunLers are teaching farmers how to cultivate new food so urces-tilapia and rp . Tilapia is an African fish that tolerates bad water, gobbles termites and table scraps , and reproduces every three months. This rich source of protein requires a simple fish culture technology--one that can be passed f:-om Peace Corps Volunteer to small farmer and later , from farmer to f rmer and from generation to generation . UN EFFORT SUR LE PLAN UNIVERSEL Depuis Ia crea tion du Corps de Ia Paix il y a vingt ans, plus de 80.000 Ame ricains ont servi conune volontai res dans plus de 80 pays de monde en tier. Au cours d'un seul mois, plus d'un millio n de vies hurnaines sont touchees par I'action des volontaires travaillant dans une soixantaine de pays. Aujourd'hui , les pays du Tiers Monde s'interessent aux programmes qui contribuent a leur autono mie. Et le Corps de Ia Paix...aide ces pays a atteindre leurs objectifs grace a des programmes COn(,!US de maniere a satisfaire les besoins fondame ntaux de l'homme et a s'entre te nir d'eux -memes. Notre but est de laisser quelque chose derriere no us .. . d'accroitre les ca paci tes, non pas Ia dependance. En Amerique Latine, en Asie et en Afrique, les volontaires du Corps de Ia Paix s'effo rcent d'enseigner aux paysans comment produire de no uvelles resso urces alimentaires ... til apia et carpes, par exempl e. Ces resources riches en proteines n'exigent que des methodes elementaires de pisciculture ... celles qu'un volontaire du Corps de Ia Paix peut enseigner a u petit agriculte ur, qui a son tour en fera beneficier d'a utres, e t ainsi de suite de generatio n a genera tion. Le Corps de Ia Paix s'est engage aaccroitre le volontariat multilateral et a renforcer les services de developpement interieurs ...de meme q ue Ia collaboration avec d'a utres organismes internationaux d'action volontaire. " O ur task now is not to f ix the blame for the p ast, but to fix the course for the future. " John F. Kennedy BY INVITATION ONLY PARTICIPAMOS POR INVlTACION UNICAMENTE El aspecto mas importante del Cuerpo de Paz es Ia de suministrar voluntarios bien capacitados J motivados para trabajar a nivel de pequeiias poblaciones o caserios. Los proJ ectos se desarrollan con juntamente, asi el pais sede identifica Ia necesidad J el voluntario del Cuerpo de Paz junto con los funcionarios de dicho pais, trabaja para definir Ia forma en que se debe satisfacer esta necesidad. El concepto mas importante de Ia filosofi a del Cuerpo de Paz es el que el voluntario suplementa ra J no suplantara los esfuerzos efectuados por los habitantes de Ia localidad, para asi aurnentar Ia autonornia, en Iugar de crear una dependencia: por lo tanto facilitar Ia toma de decisiones, en Iugar de imponer soluciones. El Cuerpo de Paz participa en los paises que lo solicitan J el voluntario trabaja junto con sus colegas del pais sede. El volunta rio no recibe un salario, sino un subsidio mini mo. Generalmente, al regresar de su rnision en el exterior, los voluntarios del Cuerpo de Paz se convierten en voceros de Ia gente con quien han convivido y a quien han aprendido a conocer durante su perrnanencia en el pais sede del proyecto. hat Peace Corps does best is provide highly-motivated and well trained volunteers to implement projects at the village leve l. T he projects which meet with the greatest success are those which are developed jointly-the host country identifying a need or a prob lem and the Peace Corps working with officials in that co untry to define how that need might best be met. Central to Peace Corps philosophy today , as in the 60's, is the belief that volunteers must supplement-not supplant-the efforts of local people; increase autonomy not dependence ; and facilitate decision ma king rather than imposing solutions. In a word, development must come fro m the people themselves . Peace Corps serves at the invitation of the host co untry. D ecisions abo ut the number of volunteers, the kinds of projects , and the skills approp riate to these projects are made jointly by the host cou ntry and Peace Corps representatives . Peace Corps Volunteers are usually supervised by host country persons and work side by side with host country counterparts. Volunteers are not employees or officials of the U nited States government but representatives of the American peop le wo rking for the host country. They receive no salary, only a small living allowance sufficient to cover housing , food, and essentials in the co un try where they serve. How do Peace Corps projects begin? Consider the case of Cameroon. For example: For some time the Ministry of Agriculture and the De partment of Cooperation and Mutuality in Cameroon had been conerned about the need to develop and improve cooperatives and credit nions in their country. The problem: Existing cooperative societies lacked the expertise nec essary for efficient collecting , processing , storing, and marketing of cofee and cocoa ; local artisans in the Northwest Province were frequently Jnable to sell their handicrafts at remunerative prices because of Jack of rganized foreign and domestic outlets for their work; most of Came-oon 's rural population Jacked access to savings and credit facilities; and ::nany small producers of coffee and cocoa were being exploited economi;ally by traders and middlemen. The project: Through an intensive discussion with Peace Corps, Cadleroon officials identified their own needs and resources and specified -he appropriate roles for Peace Corps Volunteers. A project was develDped jointly which would address these problems through a variety of : ooperative credit objectives. Today: Peace Corps Volunteers are working with local villages and _sovernment officials to: o upgrade the management of existing cooperatives, establish new cooperatives , and provide on-the-job training; o expand handicraft cooperatives to ensure a constant market and remunerative prices for local artists; o help the Credit Union League to establish new credit unions and to improve the efficiency of existing credit unions ; and o help transform small farmers ' organizations into efficient marketing cooperatives , ensuring remunerative prices to members. The result: Co-ops and credit unions are important to the people of ::::ameroon. With the additional human resources and skills provided by eace Corps Volunteers, the Cameroonians will be able to train new managers, establish new cooperatives , and replace a problem with an effective operation . Cameroon has gained a great deal from this cooperative venture and g) has the United States. In pondering the effect of the Peace Corps pon the United States , Hubert Humphrey commented, "I forsee a new ay when hundreds of thousands of VISTA and Peace Corps alumni will be decision makers in American industry , our leaders in government, c.nd the teachers of our young. When this new day comes , our American ream will make a quantum leap in the direction of reality , simply because those who have served will not tolerate the disgrace of poverty , or even of one hungry child." Today that dream is a reality-returned Peace Corps Volunteers have indeed assumed positions of leadership and influence and, although they began their tour abroad as grassroots ambassa ors of the American people , they often continue their work at home by ecoming informal ambassadors of the people they have come to know ii the host country. For nearly twenty years, Peace Corps has made an investment in people and today these people are scattered about the globe in all walks· of life. There is no such thing as an ex-volunteer. The lessons taught t uough Peace Corps experience endure-for they are lessons of spirit, d perspective , of understanding . SUR INVITATION SEULEMENT Le meilleur service rendu par le Corps de Ia Paix est de fournir des volontaires fortement motives et suffisamment formes pour I'execution de projets au nivea u des villages. Les projets sont realises en communle pays hote constatant une lacune et le Corps de Ia Paix definissant, en collaboration avec les autorites, les moyens concrets pe rmettant de le combler. Le Corps de Ia Paix repose sur Ia notion sociale que les volontaires doivent completer -flOn pas supplanter --Ies efforts d e Ia population locale, accroitre I'autonomic, non pas Ia dependance et faciliter les prises de decisions plutot qu'imposer des solutions. Le Corps de Ia Paix n'intervient que sur invitation du pays hole. Ses volontaires travaiUent cote-a-cote avec les homologues du pays interesse. lis ne touchent pas un salaire, mais simplement de quoi vivre. A Ia fin de leur sejour ils deviennent les ambassadeurs officieux de ceux qu'ils ont ete amenes a connaitre dans le pays d'accueil. " The good neighbor looks beyond the external accidents and discerns those inner qualities that make all men human and, therefore, brothers. " Martin Luther King , Jr. WHO IS THE PFACE CORPS? ;,QUE CLASE DE PERSONA ES EL VOLUNTARJO? T ip(>grafos, abogados, enfermeras, agricultores, medicos, profesores y jovenes recie n egresados de Ia uni ve rsidad se c uentan entre los voluntarios que han to rnado parte en los proyectos en el ex te rior. An tes de viajar al pais sede los voluntarios reciben un adiestrarniento intensivo de ocho a doce semanas, en el c ual estudian Ia cultura de Ia genie con quien trabajar:in y aprenden el idioma para poderse comunicar . .Asi rnismo, frecuente mente los volunta rios reciben adiestrarniento tecnico segim lo requiera el pais sede, para adaptar sus conocimientos a las condiciones especificas del proyecto y del pais: clima, topografi a, agricultura y costurnbres de Ia region. " We are chastened by the consciousness of so many things that remain yet to be done-the little done, the vast undone. " Sarvepalli R adh akrishnan P eace Corps Volunteers come from a variety of backgrounds . A Peace Corps Volunteer might be a mid-career plumber from a large city wit h a specific skill to offer , or a grandmother from ru ral America who has taught three generations of children to read and write , or a new college graduate with a degree in sociology. Peace Corps strives to reflect , in the eyes of those nations in whic h Volunteers work , the diversity of background and breadth of talent of the American people. Among the Volunteers who have gone abroad are printers , lawyers , nurses , farmers , doctors , teachers , and rece nt college graduates. Each has a unique combination of personal and techn ical skills to offer. What all Peace Corps Volunteers have in common is their desire to do significant work in a manner that makes sense in the local setti ng and to understand and be accepted by the people of the host country. D uring their 8 to 12 week traini ng program, Peace Corps Vol unteers st udy the culture of the people with whom they will be working and learn to converse in the local language. Volunteers frequently live with a host fami ly during the training period. This training fosters a cross-cultura l perspective and sensitivity which Volunteers must bring to their assignments if they are to understand not only the cultures in which they will work , but also the cultural heritages they bring with them to that assignment. In addition to cross-cultural instruction and language training, Peace Corps Volunteers frequently undergo technica l training in response to the articulated needs of the host country . Although most trai ning programs are conducted in host countries , some are conducted in the United States , some in other countries, some in a combination of locales. Instruction is usually carried out under the direction of Peace Corps staff working with host country agencies or universities. T he training staff is most often composed of university faculty, returned Volunteers , and host country citizens . During the training period , a Peace Corps Volunteer may receive in. truction in forestry or warm water fisheries , may learn to do and teach :nachinery maintenance and well drilling , or may undergo a rigoro us course in nutrition or child health care. This training is designed to suit -he project situation , providing specialized skills appropriate to the climate , geography , agriculture , and life style of the region. This might ean investigating types of beehives and harvesting methods for an assignment in Costa Rica or preparing for work in the freshwater fisheries of the Philippines by learning new techniques of feeding and harvesting. Peace Corps Volunteers usually serve two years in the host co untry nd frequently report that their work as a volunteer has been a 24 hour -day , 365 days of the year role which , if given the option, they wo uld "Jillingly repeat. The Volunteer in the field is the essence of the Peace Corps. A col£ ge graduate from New York City organizing village labor for the conf!ruction of a bridge in a small village in Paraguay so that-for th e first ' me-the children of that village have access to secondary education , a / olunteer teacher in Gabon working after school to teach her stude nts grow vegetables in a school garden project , two Volunteers working with villagers to dig a well in Upper Volta so that the wome n of the vil ge do not have to walk ten miles every day to bring water to thei r omes: these people are the Peace Corps . When we say the Peace Corps is a People Corps, we mea n it is a corps of people around the globe working to solve common problems rnd to build a better world for all. OE QUO! EST CONSTITUE LE CORPS OE LA PAJX? Panni les volontaires qui sont alles a l'e tranger se trouvent des typographes, des hommes de loi, des infirnueres, des agricult eurs, des medecins, des enseignants et de je unes dipl omes de l'e nseignement superie ur. Au cours de le urs huit adouze semaines de stage, les volontaires du Corps de Ia Pai x etudient Ia c ulture e t Ia langue de ceux avec qui ils vont travailler. lis sui vent frequemment aussi un stage de formation technique: en reponse a ux demandes des pays interesses les volontaires du Corps de Ia Paix sont formes dans des specialites approppriees aI'emplacement du proje t, a u clima t, aIa geographie, a !'agriculture et au mode de vie de Ia region. BUT WHAT CAN THEY DO? iQUEPVEDEAPORTAREL VOLUNTARIO? Un voluntario del Cuerpo de Paz puede actualizar un sistema de contabilidad, o enseiiar le a las parteras nuevas tecnicas, utilizando metodos baratos y sencillos. Puede adiestrar una agricultor en Ia utiliza· cion de pesticidas, insecticidas, fertilizantes y riego. 0 puede mostrale a los campesinos metodos para conservar energia, com· bustible, suelos o agua. Su participacion en un pais de terminado consiste en realizar una labor que sin su ayuda quedaria sin reali1..arse. Los voluntarios y sus colegas del pais sede investigan Ia utilizacion de las fuentes de energia, las necesidades y los recursos; diseiian y ayudan en Ia construccion de edificios publicos y escuelas; en el estable· cimiento de centros de vacunacion o pro· gramas educativos; en Ia construccion de acueductos y en Ia enseiianza de medinica a utomotriz. Tanto en Ia consideracion de los viejos problemas como de los nuevos, el voluntario posee una perspectiva esencial: su deseo de compartir las actividades de Ia vida cotidiana e n las poblaciones y ciudades de los paises del Tercer Mundo y su empeiio en buscar soluciones que reflejen el respeto que le merecen las diversas clases de personas y sus valores personat es. P eace Corps Volunteers can update an accounting system or teach new mid-wives how to deliver babies using low cost, simple health tech niques. They can show farmers how to use pesticides , insecticides , fertilizers, and irrigation . Or they can show villagers how to conserve energy , fuel, soil or water. In short , they can do a great deal. In the Philippines , a young social worker coordinates a volunteer program for a school for the mentally retarded. In Botswana, Peace Corps Volunteers provide business assistance and supervise record keeping systems and personnel for 100 cooperative societies. In Colombia , Peace Corps Volunteers assist with home vegetable garde ns, small home improvement projects , and the installation of latrines. In Fiji , Peace Corps Volunteers provide technical direction in environme ntal management programs to increase wood production. They are in each country to make a difference , to meet a need that would otherwise go unmet. R ecently, Peace Corps has seen inc reasing involvement of its volunteers in the energy needs of host countries. Beginning in 1979, Peace Corps Volunteers and host country counterparts began to survey energy uses, needs , and resources in the Third World rural villages. Volunteers have begun to examine and analyze village characteristics, fuels avai lable in the village , domestic and agricultural energy uses , and the feasibility of various renewable energy sources: water, wind , sun, biomass as well as wood . Peace Corps planners and builders are in demand to design and guide construction of public buildings and schools. Those trained in nutrition and health del ivery are used to establish vaccination programs or education programs. Engineers help build water supply syste ms. Experienced farmers , construction workers , auto mechanics, and accountants teach others their trades. This is the work of Peace Corps Volunteers around the world. The world's problems are big but many of the solutions are small and incremental. Sometimes it on ly takes a slight shift in perspective and a simple technique adapted to a particular culture or climate to make a very big difference in the way people live . In Thailand , Peace Corps Volunteers, workin g with women officials from the govern mental Public Welfare Departments, designed a project to reduce the under-employment rate of women and teenage girls by teaching them a modern technology that produces improved silk filament. Women received training in the new technique and , in turn , became trainers and supervisors, assisting women members of their village group to upgrade their skills. The result has been higher income for families and an increasingly important role for women in a major national industry. In Kenya , water supply projects had broken down year after year because no one was trained to maintain or repair the equipment. Now women , the traditional water bearers , are being trained to keep the pumps in good repair. These projects resulted from reviewing the problems and potentials of women with in a particular culture and reco mmending strategies to involve women in increasing the family's earning capacity or productivity. These examples also illustrate the Peace Corps ' emphasis upon " appropriate technology," with its essential responsiveness to local needs , resources, labor , skills and values. Of course, no tool or technology is inherently appropriate. Each must be understood and tested within the context of a particular community. This slow process of ada ptation is at the core of appropriate technology-adaptation of the technology to local imperatives, and the involvement of people with that technology . Appropriate technology is change rooted in the context of a specific culture and situation. In Thailand, women were already largely responsible for the princial task connected with the production of silk . In Kenya , women were :tlready responsible for providing their families with water. With instruc ·on in a simple technology-whether modern sericulture techniques or ,.,ater pump repair methods-the Peace Corps Volunteer is able to help · dividuals take a more active role in their own development, to live betler lives , to realize their potential. To old and new problems alike , the eace Corps brings its essential perspective: a willingness to experience e day-to-day questions of life as it is lived in the villages and towns of e Third World and to search for answers which show a respect for the diversity of people and their values . • An experienced horticulturist serving in Western Samoa works to produce varieties of vegetables which are resistent to tropical diseases. The result: higher yields for farmers in this South Pacific island nation . • A 70-year old auto mechanic instructor teaches vocational students in Kenya how to repair heavy machinery. The result: machinery operating full-time at peak efficiency. • A newly graduated biology major, trained by the Peace Corps in forestry , helps villagers in Upper Volta establish local forest nurseries and teaches tree planting. The result: increased production of fuelwood for cooking; reduction of desertification . • An experienced elementary school teacher in the U.S. has a Peace Corps assignment which makes it possible for an Ecuadoran teacher to upgrade her skills . The result: better-prepared Ecuadorean students. MAIS QUE PEUVENT ILS FAJRE? Les volontaires du Corps de Ia Pai x peuvent moderniser un systeme de comptabilite ou enseigner aux sage-femmes nouvelles !'utilisation de techniques sanitaires simples et peu coiite uses. lis peuvent apprendre aux agriculteurs a se servir des insecticides, des engrais et de !'irrigation, ou encore enseigner aux villageois comment exploiter economiquement l'energie, les combustibles, le sol o u l'eau. lis soot Ia, dans chaque pays, pour apporter quelque chose de different pour subvenir a un besoin qui resterai t. Les volontaires du Corps de Ia Paix et leurs homologues du pays hote etudient I'exploitation les besoins et les ressources energetiques -les architectes dessinent des e'difices publics o u des ecoles et en surveillent Ia construction -d'autres etablissent des programmes de vaccination ou d'education... construisent des systemes d'adduction d'eau ...e nseignent Ia mechanique automobile. Que les problemes soient anciens ou nouveaux, le Corps de Ia Paix y apporte une perspective qui lui est propre: Ia volonte de participer a !'existe nce quotidienne telle qu'elle est vecue dans les villages du Tiers Monde, e t de che rcher des reponses qui tiennent compte de Ia di versite des peuples et de le urs valeurs. " Let a man lift himself, by himself. " Bhagavad-Gita VALOR DE ESTE INT ERCAMB IO La pobreza y Ia busequeda de Ia paz son pro blemas que comp artimos todos. Los voluntarios del programa VIST A (Volunteers in Service to America) trabajan con las personas mas pobres de las areas rurales y urbanas en los Estados nid os en una forma muy similar a Ia de los volun tarios del Cuerpo de Paz en las poblacio nes y ciudades del Te rcer Mundo. " El Cuerpo de Paz esta tratando de c rear un grupo de genie en este pais ( EUA) este gr upo debe ser que conozca a genie de otros paises; y lo sufici ent emente grande para que los Estados Unidos no qui era lanzarse a Ia guerra contra otros pueblos, conociendolos ya como seres humanos; siempre ex iste esa necesidad:' Sargent Shri ver, prime r Director del Cuerpo de Paz. " Peace Corps Volunteers play an important, dynamic role because, in addition to doing their normal jobs, they are always seeking solutions to problems . . . presenting challenging ideas for better ways to meet the health and education needs of my people. " M inister of Education, St. Kitts, Eastern Carribean T he problems of the poor and the search for peace are the prob lems of each of us . While Peace Corps Volunteers serve in coun tries around the world, VISTA Volunteers (Volunteers in Service to America) serve in all 50 U.S. states , Puerto Rico , and the Vir gin Islands. VISTA Volunteers work with the rural and urban poor across the United States in much the same way that Peace Corps Vo lun teers work in the cities and villages of the Third World. In many cases the problems are the same. The fish ponds built by Peace Corps Vo lun teers in Thailand are no different from those VISTA Volunteers build in Appalachia. In many cases , they even raise similar fish. Peace Corps Volunteers are also volunteers in service to America , for one goal is to educate the people of the United States , to dispel stereotypes at home and abroad, to learn from others , to become advocates fo r developing countries, and to share with their neighbors the new insights which other cultures and societies offer. It has been said that the Uni ted States needs the Peace Corps as much as the Third World does. A s Sarge nt Shriver , first director of the Peace Corps noted , "The Peace Corps is trying to create a sufficient number of people in this country who know people in other countries so that the United States won't wan t to go to war , so we will know other people as human beings . There is always a need for that. " UN ECHANGE FECOND Les problemes des pauvres et Ia recherche de Ia paix sont des problemes qui nous concement tous. Les volontaires de "lSTA travaiUent avec les populations pauvres rurales et urbaines aux Etats-Unis tout conune les ·volontaires du Corps de Ia Paix le font dans les viUes et villages du Tiers Monde. "Le Corps de Ia Paix s'efforce de creer chez le peuple americain un nombre suffisant de personnes connaissant les gens des autres pays, afin que les Etats-Unis ne veuillent jamais leur faire Ia guerre, afin que nous puissions apprecier d'autres peuples en tant qu'etres humains. C'est une chose dont le monde a toujours besoin." Sargent Shriver, premier directeur du Corps de Ia Paix. "Peace Corps Volunteers take great interest in the country's development and do not indulge in the country's politics." Mohammed Tauzi Halim, Malaysia SOWING THE SEEDS OF PFACE SEMBRANDO LAS SEMILLAS DE LA PAZ Conse rvar Ia paz requiere accion. Es por eso que se ha dicho que es infinita me nte mas dificil conserva r Ia paz que hacer Ia guerra. El Cuerpo de Paz cree que Ia responsabilidad de conservar Ia paz es nuestra, el mo ment o de empezar es ahora, y los instrumentos necesarios los tenemos a nuestro alcance... dedicacioo, compasion, comprension y creatividad. Hemos tenido un buen comienzo, sin embargo es mucho lo que nos queda por hacer. La ex periencia nos ha demostrado Ia sabiduri a de Dag Hammerskjold: "Nunca mireis al suelo para probarlo antes de tomar el siguiente paso: solamente aquel c uyos ojos estan fijos en ellejano horizonte encontrara el camino indicado:' PLANTER LES RA CINES DE LA PAIX La paix exige que I'on agisse. C'est une tac he infinimenl plus ardue que Ia guerre, dit-on. Le Corps de Ia Paix es time que c'est anous qu'incombe cette res ponsabilitie, que c'est maintenant qu 'il fa ut commencer e t que les o utils necessaires pour a rri ver acette fin sont en notre possession-engagement, compassion, comprehension et creativite. Nous sommes parris de bon pied, mais il resle encore beaucoup afaire. L'experience nous a revele toute Ia sagesse du conseil donne par Dag Hammerskjold: "Ne baissez jamais les yeux pour examine r le sol avant de faire le prochain pas: il n'y a que ceux qui fi xent !'horizon lointain qui tro uveront le bon chemin." P eace requ ires action . It has been said that peace is infinitely more arduous than war. To promote peace is not easy. A peace based on an encouragement of difference , a respect for all peoples , and a belief in mutual strength through interdependence is a fragile concept. Such a peace cannot be won in a world where poverty dominates , where ignorance and prejudice hold sway . Like the next meal, peace m ust be nurtured from the earth . Peace Co rps believes that the responsibility for peace is ours, the time to begin is now , the needed too ls are at our command--commitme nt , comp assio n , com prehension , and creativity . For peace is born equ ally of o ur dreams and of our toil. We must dream boldly and fit the work of our hands to o ur finest aspirations . We have made a good beginning, yet much remains to be done. Experie nce has ta ught us the wisdom of D ag Hammarskjold's advice : " N ever look down to test the ground before taking your next step: only he who keeps his eye fixed on the far horizon will find his right road."