m It m ■ L 1H m m i ■ i I RELAND h \ ■ IN PICTURES ) O m. lECTION OF OVER 400 MAGNIFICENT PHOTOGRAPHS OF THE BEAUTIES OF THE GREEN ISLE I COMPRISING She most famous buildings, historic places, romantic scenery, venerable RUINS, RICH ART TREASURES, ETC., ETC. Bn WITH HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE SKETCHES BY THE HON. JOHN F. FINERTY, OF CHICAGO f' • 'A v . '"S- . X • - . ' ■ . & PUBLISHED BY J. S. HYLAND & CO. CHICAGO. IN PICTURES *" . 1 . " J < ' V ' ;• v c '■ * *«• %si y. * r A GRAND COLLECTION OF OVER 400 MAGNIFICENT PHOTOGRAPHS OF THE BEAUTIES OF THE GREEN ISLE COMPRISING VIEWS OF THE MOST FAMOUS BUILDINGS, HISTORIC PLACES, ROMANTIC SCENERY, VENERABLE RUINS, RICH ART TREASURES, ETC., ETC. WITH HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE SKETCHES BY THE HON. JOHN F. FINERTY, OF CHICAGO PUBLISHED BY J. S. HYLAND & CO. CHICAGO. Copyright 1898, by THE INTERNATIONAL PHOTOGRAPHIC PUBLISHING CO., INC. Chicago, U. S. A. ERRATA. In Section I. "Glendalough, Co. Wicklow,” for “gem of the Two Loughs,” read “glen,” etc In Section III. “Blarney Lake, Co. Cork,” for “perfectly cloudless,” read “almost,” etc. In Section VIII. “St. Peter’s Chapel and College, Wexford,” for “Barrow” read “Slaney.’ In Section VIII. “Abbey Ruins, Yonghall, Co Cork,” read “Youghal,” etc. These Illustrations were Engraved by Franklin Engraving and Electrotyping Company Nos. 341-351 Dearborn Street Chicago, U. S. A PREFACE. T HIS SUMMER Ireland will celebrate the Centennial Anniversary of her latest great uprising in arms against the English power. That revolt, known in history as the Rebellion of 1798, gave her fifty battle-fields and a legion of heroes and martyrs whose memory is kept green by the tears their country has dropped upon their graves. In view of the coming celebration of that heroic struggle and of the regrettable fact that Ireland’s scenic, historic and romantic story has never yet been presented to the American public in a popular and attractive form, the International Photographic Publishing Companv deems the time opportune to offer to the American people this series of pictured and written sketches of the fair but unhappy land that has, because of its unconquerable piety, been called the Island of Saints and, because of its enduring verdure, the Emerald Isle. After having pined in the shade of enforced isolation for more than seven stormy centuries, Ireland is again emerging into the sunlight of international recognition and sisterhood among the nations of the world. The wondrous beauty that has long been slighted or over- looked is again beginning to be recognized, not only by her friends but also by the fastidious children of her subjugator. In the very heart of England an association has been formed to promote a British tourists’ invasion of Ireland on a grand scale. Leading English newspapers and periodicals have, of late days, given their readers columns and pages of vivid description in which the charms of Irish scenery are strongly depicted. Alfred Austin, the existing British poet laureate, has been enthusiastic in his praise of the fair land of Killarney’s lakes, the noble Blackwater, the winding Lee, the matchless coast of Antrim and the towering peaks of Kerry and Connemara. Daniel O’Connell, in one of his splendid bursts of eloquence, called Ireland “ the land of the green valley and the rushing river” — a descrip- tion as brief as it is truthful and beautiful. Hosts of French and German tourists swarm annually in her lovely summer retreats, by lough and stream and bay; and numerous Americans who had visited nearly every other country of the old world before setting foot on Irish soil, have said that the natural charms of Ireland stand forth, uniquely and alone, “in a climate soft as a mother’s smile, on a soil fruitful as God’s love.” Glimpses of Ireland’s tragic and changeful story are comprised in the written, as well as the pictured, portions of these sketches. The sorrows, the sufferings, the heroism of her people are not passed over in the spirit of cold neglect, but the account of them must necessarily be brief, as our motto is “multum in parvo.” But the struggles that have aroused their courage, the sacrifices that have tested their devotion, and the hope that has sustained their enthusiasm, are not forgotten. The altar of the Druid, the rath of the Danaan, the round tower of the early Christian worshiper, the massive “keep” of “the iron lord of Normandy,” the abbeys founded by Irish kings, the monasteries once occupied by Irish saints and scholars — all now in picturesque ruin — the shrines and churches of a later epoch, the hundred “foughten fields” where “freedom bled,” the cruel scenes of heartless eviction — in short, all the alluring, exciting and peculiar features of the Green Old Land are here truthfully presented. In the occasional references to the ill-starred English political connection, and the long, desperate and bloody struggles that have resulted from the same, care is taken that naught is extenuated and naught set down in malice, our primary object being to state the truth, and nothing else, so far as authentic history may guide our narrative. “The ruins that ennoble, the scenes that beautify, the memories that illuminate, and the music that inspires” old Ireland find faithful interpretation in our pages. We have, as is but natural, a particular pride and pleasure in placing these sketches, and the histories of their subjects, before Irish- American readers, who are numbered by millions among our citizens, and who must, of course, cherish the same filial love and respect for the land of their forefathers that Anglo-Americans, German-Americans, Franco-Americans, and all the other elements that combine to constitute the great American nation, do for theirs. The Anglo-American seeks on British soil, amid scenes endeared to him by tra- dirion, the ashes of his sires, and is ever mindful of their courage, their intej.ect and their commercial prowess. The German-American is proud of the heroic, historic monuments that cluster along the romantic course of his beautiful native river Rhine. The Franco- American extols the loveliness, the gracefulness and the glory of his beloved “la belle France.” All our “ previous nationalities ” have their distinctive racial memories, inseparable from the human mind and heart. But they are not, on that account, less loyally American as has been repeatedly proved since the foundation of the republic. Race pride simply stirs them to a nobler emulation. America is not the production of any one country, but of all Europe, as has been well said by a great writer, in different words. Irish-Americans, in looking upon these sketches have just cause to be proud of their origin, of their history, and of the land which cradled their race. Whether of Celtic, Norman or Saxon stock, whether Catholic or Protestant, all may peruse these pages with profit, for “ every race and every creed” have been treated with justice and consideration. So, too, may non-Irish readers study them with advantage, and from them acquire a complete view of a country too often maliciously misrepresented, and too little examined with a friendly interest. But our readers, no matter to what “ element ” they may belong, will find here “ no vulgar history to read, but can trace from field to field the evidences of a civilization older than the Conquest, the relics of a religion more ancient than the Gospel.” This book, then, is to Ireland a monument, and for America an instructor. It cannot fail to strengthen Irish self-respect, enlarge pride cf race and augment the sympathy of other elements with the cause of justice and humanity in Ireland. In a word, to paraphrase an expression of the late John Bright, “Ireland in Pictures” removes the Emerald Isle from her fastenings in the Atlantic and brings her within the portals of American liberty. The book, in fact, places Ireland in our homes. Animated by the desire to make Ireland better known to Americans of all races, creeds and conditions, we put these sketches befoie the public with the confident expectation of cordial approval and generous support. Chicago, May, 1898. TABLE OF A Askeaton Abbey, _ County. Limerick, Section. II Achill Island, - Mayo, II Along the Quays, Dublin, - Dublin, Dalkey, IV Ancient Castles, - - IV Askeaton, - - Limerick, IV Athlone Castle, - - Roscommon, IV Athenry, - - Galway, V Ardara, - - Donegal, V Altar, Catholic Cathedral, Dublin, - Dublin, V An Athlone Street, - Roscommon, VII Ardfert Cathedral, - Kerry, VIII Avoca, - - Wicklow, VIII Antique Statuary, Dublin, - Dublin, VIII Albert Memorial, Belfast, - Antrim, VIII Adare Abbey, - Limerick, VIII Abbey Ruins, Yon gh all, - - Cork, VIII Ardmore Round Tower, - - Waterford, IX Adare Manor, - Limerick, XI Abbey Assaroe, - Donegal, XII Ancient Ruins, Christ Church, Dublin > Dublin, XIII Athlone, Town of, Roscommon, II Armagh, City of, - Armagh, II 5 Boyne Obelisk, - Louth, I Baldwin Monument (Trinity College), - Dublin, I Ballysadare Falls, - Sligo, II Boyle Abbey, Roscommon, III Blarney Lake, - Cork, III Bangor, - - Down, III Bantry (Showing Head of Bay), - Cork, III Ballina, - - Mayo, IV Ballinasloe, - Galway, IV Ballyshannon, - Donegal, IV Bray Head, - - Wicklow, V Bank of Ireland (Formerly Parliament House), Dublin, V Blarney Castle, - Cork, VI Belleek, - - Fermanagh, VI Ballycastle, - Antrim, VI Bridge of Buncrana, - Donegal, VI Bermingham Tower, Dublin Castle, - Dublin, VII Blarney Village, - - Cork, IX Ballyhooly, - Cork, X Ballyshannon, Donegal, X Borough Cemetery, Belfast, - Antrim, X Bann Falls, - Derry, King’s, XI Birr Castle, - XII Bantry Cove, Bishop’s Chair, Aghadoe, » Cork, XII - Kerry, XII Bray, Town of, - Wicklow, III CONTENTS. c County. Section Carrick-a-Rede, - - Antrim, I Celtic Cross, Monasterboice, - Louth, I Cloyne Abbey, - Cork, I Clifden Cascade, - - Galway, II Castlebar, - Mayo, II Cashel Abbey and Round Tower, - Tipperary, II Carrying Home “ Turf , ” Castle-Connell Rapids, - II - Limerick, III Captured Cannon, Dublin Museum, - Dublin, III Cork, City of, - - - Cork, IV Custom House, - Dublin, IV Church and Convent, Kenmare, - Kerry, IV Corracle on River Boyne, - V Clew Bay, - Mayo, V Cave Hill, _ - Antrim, V Clonmacnois, - Kings, V Chapel-Izod, - Dublin, V Cahir Castle, .... Central Court, Dublin Museum of Science Tipperary, VI and Art, - Dublin, VII City Hall, - Dublin, VII Coleraine, - Derry, VII Clonmany, - Donegal, VII Chapel Abbey, Dungarvan, Captain Boyd’s Statue, St. Patrick’s, - Waterford, VII Dublin, Dublin, VII Castle-Connell, - Limerick, VII Castledermot Abbey, - Kildare, VII Curraghmore, - - - Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin (Exterior Waterford, VIII View), - Dublin, VIII Clifden Harbor, - - Galway, VIII Catholic Cathedral, Armagh, - Armagh, VIII Catholic Church, Castlebar, - Mayo, VIII Colleen Bawn Caves, Killarney, - Kerry, IX Crosshaven, Cork Harbor, - Cork, IX Carrick, - - - Donegal, X Carton House, Drawing Room, - - Kildare, X Cromwell’s Bridge, Glengarriff, - Cork, X Church at Swords, - Dublin, X Cushendall, - Antrim, XI Cardinal McCabe’s Monument, Glasnevin, Dublin, XII Castletown -Roche, - Cork, XII Clonegain Church, - Waterford, XI Cathedral Londonderry, - Derry, XII Croagh Patrick, - Mayo, XII Cahirciveen, - Kerry, XIII Carrickfergus Castle, - Antrim, XIII Cascade of Derrycunighy, Killarney, - Kerry, XIII Curraghmore House, - Waterford, XIII CONTENTS Dunmore, - Dungannon, - Down Patrick Cathedral, Deer in Phoenix Park, Dunluce Castle, - Dalkey Harbor, - Donkey and Block- Wheeled Cart,Carrickfergus, Donegal Abbey, - Dingle, - Derrybeg Chapel, Dalkey, - Devenish Island, Lough Erne, - Dungarvan, The Square, Dargan Statue, Dublin, - Dublin Museum (Exterior), Derryquin Castle, Derry cunighy Cottage, Killarney, Donegal Castle, - Dublin, Grafton St., Dunbrody Abbey, Donegal, Town of, Drogheda, City of, E Enniscorthy and Vinegar Hill, - Evicted, - Eviction Scene, Vandeleur Estate, Eviction Scene, - Ennistymon, ... Eviction Scene, - Eyre Square, Galway, Enniskillen, - Enniscorthy, - Eagle’s Nest, Killarney, Enniskerry, - F Fishwoman, The Irish, - Four Courts, Dublin, Fishmarket, Galway, Fermoy, ----- Fermoy (The Square), Fethard, - Ferry Carrig Castle, - - Father Mathew’s Statue, Cork, Front View St. Mary’s Church, G Glendalough, - Glenarm, ----- Gough Statue (Phoenix Park), - Glenveigh, - Giant’s Head Rock, Portrush, - Glenarm Castle, - Guinness’ Brewery, Dublin, Grattan Bridge, Dublin, Gap of Dunloe, - Gateway Col. Torrington’s Residence, on the Boyne, - County. Section Waterford, I Tyrone, II Down, III Dublin, V Antrim, V Dublin, V s, VI Donegal, VI Kerry, VII Donegal, VII Dublin, IX Fermanagh, IX Waterford, IX Dublin, IX Dublin, X Kerry, XI Kerry, XII Donegal, XII Dublin, XII Wexford, XIII Donegal, III Louth and Meath, I Wexford, I I Clare, I Clare, II Clare, II II Galway, V Fermanagh, VIII Wexford, VIII Kerry, IX Wicklowq XIII I Dublin, II Galway, II Cork, V Cork, VIII Tipperary, VIII Wexford, IX Cork, XII Cork, VIII Wicklow, I Antrim, I Dublin, I Donegal, I Antrim, II Antrim, II Dublin, II Dublin, IV Kerry, V VI inned.. Gowran Abbey, - Glenmalure, - Greco-Roman Statuary, Dublin, Gateway, Mellifont Abbey, Glendalough, - Grand Altar, Maynooth Chapel, Grattan Statue, College Green, Gougane Barra, - Glenties, - Grey Abbey, - Gowran, ----- Gian worth, - Gerald Griffin’s Grave, North Monastery, Giant’s Well, - Great Caves, Lower Lough Erne, Guinness’ Statue, St. Patrick’s, Dublin, Glenbrook, - Grey Abbey, Archway, - Glengariff Cataract, Glenarm Castle (a View of), H Holy Cross Abbey, Holy Well, Phoenix Park, Horse Showq Ball’s Bridge, Dublin, Howth Abbey, - Howth, Lower Point, Howth Village and Ireland’s Eye, Hotel at Glengariff, Horn Head, - I In the Museum (Dublin), Interior of Catholic Cathedral (Dublin), Irish Milestone, Phoenix Park, Inishannon, - Interior of St. Patrick’s Cathedral, “Ino and Bacchus,” Dublin Museum, - Insane Asylum, - Inishannon Bridge, River Bandon, Innisfallen, Killarney, K Kilybegs, - - - - - Kingstown Harbor, King John’s Castle, Thomond Bridge, Kingstown Regatta (First Day), Kinsale, - - - Killiney and Bally brack, King William’s Landing, Carrickfergus, Kingsbridge Terminus, Dublin, Killaloe, - King William’s Statue, Dublin, - Kilkee, - - - - - Kilrush Harbor, - Kingstown, Yachting Club House, Kylemore Lake, Killarney House, County. Kilkenny, Section. VI Wicklow, VI Dublin, VI Louth, VI Galway, VII Kildare, Dublin, VII VII Cork, VII Donegal, VIII Down, VIII Kilkenny, VIII Cork, VIII Cork, IX Antrim, IX X Dublin, X Cork, XI Down, XII Kerry, XII Antrim, XII Tipperary, I Dublin, II Dublin, III Dublin, Dublin, IV VI Dublin, VI Cork, X Donegal, XI Dublin, I Dublin, I Dublin, II Cork, III Dublin, Dublin, III IV Cork, X Cork, XII Kerry, XII Donegal, III Dublin, III Limerick, IV Dublin, IV Cork, V Dublin, V VII Dublin, VIII Clare, VIII Dublin, VIII Clare, VIII Clare, IX Dublin, X Galway, XI Kerry, XI C ONTENTS King William’s Glen, Kilmacrenan, - - - • Killaloe Cathedral, Kenmare Road, - Kinsale, Town of, - Killorglin, - - Kilkenny, City of, L Library, Trinity College (Dublin), Lismore Castle, - “Lord Antrim’s Parlor,” Giant’s Causeway, Lieut. Hamilton’s Statue (Dublin Museum), Larne, ----- Library, Maynooth College, Limerick, George St., - Laide Graveyard, Leenane, ------ “Love’s Young Dream ” in Phoenix Park, Lough Gill, Londonderry, City of, - Lion Arch, Vale of Avoca, Lower Lake, Killarney, Lookout Cliff, Kilkee, Lady Chapel, St. Patrick, Lake Margin, Phoenix Park, Lover’s Leap, - - - - Linen Factory, Belfast, - Lough Dan, - - - - Lord Kildare’s Monument, Christ Church, Larne Churchyard, Lifford, Town of, - Limerick, Citjr of, - M Maynooth College, “ (Village), Mortuary Chapel (Glasnevin Cemetery), Meeting of the Waters, Killarney, Moat of Ballylochloe, Muckross Abbey, Killarney, Monea Castle, Marching to Evict, Malahide Castle, - Moville, - - - - Monaghan Cathedral, Mitchelstown, - - - - Market Donkey, Drogheda, Monkstown, - Mt. St. Joseph’s Abbey, Roscrea, Magdalene Steeple, Drogheda, Mount Jerome Cemetery, Dublin, Making Clay Pipes, Drogheda, - Milford, ----- Military Barracks, Athlone, Mail Steamer in Regalia, Kingstown, - Mallow, ----- Murrisk Abbey, - County. Louth, Section. XI Donegal, XI Clare, XI Kerry, XII Cork, XII Kerry, VI Kilkenny, I Dublin, I Waterford, I Antrim, II Dublin, III Antrim, IV Kildare, V Limerick, VI Antrim, VI Galwav, Dublin, VI VI Sligo, IX Derry, IX Wicklow, X Kerry, X Clare, X Dublin, X Dublin, X Wicklow, XI Antrim, XI Wicklow, XI Dublin, XII Antrim, XIII Donegal, II Limerick, II Kildare, I 4 4 III Dublin, Kerry, I II Westmeath, II Kerry, III Fermanagh, III Clare, IV Dublin, V Donegal, V Monaghan, V Cork, VI Louth, VII Cork, VII Tipperary, VII Louth, VII Dublin, VIII Louth, VIII Donegal, VIII Roscommon, IX Dublin, X Cork, X Mayo, XI County. Section, Maynooth Chapel (Interior), - - Kildare, XI Mountain Scene in Wicklow, - - Wicklow, XII Maynooth University, Quadrangle, - Kildare, XII Macroom Castle, - Cork, XIII Museum, Section of, - - - Dublin, XIII N Newcastle, - Down, Nenagh Town Hall and Castle, - • Tipperary, Navan (Market Place), - - - Meath, New Catholic Cathedral (Kilkenny), - Kerry, New Blarney Castle, - - - Cork, New Ross, “Fair Day,” - - - Wexford, Narrow- Water House, - - - Down, New Ross (Town of), - - - Wexford, O O’Connell Monument (Glasnevin Cemetery), Dublin, O’Connell Bridge, Dublin, - - Dublin, O’Connell Memorial Church, Cahirciveen, Kerry, O’Connell Monument, Dublin, - - Dublin, Omagh, ----- Tyrone, Otter Island, Glengarriff, - - Cork, O’Connell’s Birthplace, Carhen, - Kerry, O’Connell Statue, City Hall, Dublin, - Dublin, P Parnell’s Grave, Glasnevin Cemetery, Dublin, . - . . Phoenix Park, Dublin, Perry Square, Limerick, Patrick Street, Cork City, Phoenix Park Lakes, Parnell Memorial Procession, Dublin, - Pleaskin Head, - Potato Market, Drogheda, Parnell’s Memorial Car, Portlaw, ----- People’s Garden, Phoenix Park, Parish Church, Enniskillen, Portlester Tomb, Dublin, Portlester Chapel, Dublin (No. 2), Portrush, Passenger Train, Dublin, Protestant Cathedral, Pagan Statuary, National Gallery, Dublin, Portstewart, - - - - Poulaphuca, - Portlester Chapel, Dublin, Parnell Lying in State, Dublin, Q Queenstown Harbor, Queenstown, (a Street in), Queenstown, Hotel Park, Queenstown, View in, - Queenstown, from Harbor, Dublin, Dublin, Limerick, Cork, Dublin, Dublin, Antrim, Louth, Dublin, Waterford, Dublin, Fermanagh, Dublin, Dublin, Antrim, Dublin, Armagh, Dublin, Derry, Wicklow, Dublin, Dublin, Cork, Cork, Cork, Cork, Cork, II IV IV VI XI XI XIII III I II IV V VII IX X X I T _jL I II III III IV IV V V VI VI VI VII VIII IX X XI XI XI XII XIII III V VI VII XJI Quadrangle and Campenile, Trinity College, Queen’s College, Cork, - Queen’s College, Galway, R Ross Castle, Killarney, - Railroad Bridge, Galway, Rear View of Clonmacnois, Royal Avenue, Belfast, Rathdrum, - Roundstone, Railroad Bridge, Drogheda, Ruins of Ancient Lodge, Rossbeg, - Returning from Games, Ballinasloe, Ruins of Mellifont Abbey, Road to Maam, - Round Tower, Castledermot, Rock of Cashel, - Ruins of Desmond’s Castle, Adare, Rosse Telescope, The Great (Birr Castle), Ruins Cong Abbey, Royal Marine Hotel, Kingstown, Ruins of Maynooth Castle, Ramelton, - S St. Patrick’s Bridge, Cork, Summit of Blarney Castle, Shannon Bridge, - Scene of Assassination of Cavendish and Burke (Phoenix Park), Scene in Mayo, - Salmon Weir, - Section of Ruins of Mellifont, - Secluded Spot in Phoenix Park, St. Lawrence Gate, Drogheda, Shandon Church, Cork City, St. Jarlath’s College, Tuam, Stairway National Gallery, Dublin, Sacred Heart Church, Limerick (Interior), Sligo, Town of, - Scene on River Lee, Shelbourne Hotel, Dublin, Section of Museum Science and Art, Dublin, St. Alphonsus’ Church, Scots Guards, Dublin, St. Luke’s Church, Cork, St. Kevin’s Cross, Sculpture Hall, Irish National Gallery, St. Kieran’s College, Kilkenny, St. Peter’s Chapel and College, Wexford, St. Mary’s Church, Cork, St. Canice’s Cathedral, Kilkenny, Strongbow’s Monument, Christ Church, Dublin, - - - Staircase, New Buildings, Trinity College, ^ONTENT^ County. Section. Dublin, IX Cork, X Galway, XI Kerry, II Galway, III Kings, III Antrim, III Wicklow, III Galway, V Louth and Meath, V Galway, VI Mayo, VI Galway, VI Louth, VII Galway, VIII Kildare, IX Tipperary, IX Limerick, X Kings, X Galway, X Dublin, XI Kildare, XI Donegal, XII Cork, I Cork, I Kings and Ros- common, I Dublin, II Mayo, III Galway, III Louth, III Dublin, III Louth, IV Cork, IV Galway, IV Dublin, IV Limerick, V Sligo, V Cork, V Dublin, VI Dublin, VI Limerick, VI Dublin, VII Cork, VII Wicklow, VII Dublin, VII Kilkenny, VII Wexford, VIII Cork, VIII Kilkenny, IX Dublin, IX Dublin, IX County. St. Patrick’s Cathedral, Dublin (Exterior View), Dublin, Section. IX Sarsfield Statue, Limerick, - Dublin, IX St. Finn Bar’s Cathedral, Cork, - Cork, IX Scene on River Erne, - Donegal, IX St. Vincent’s Church, Sunday’s Weil, Cork, Cork, X Selskar Abbey, Wexford, - Wexford, X Sub- Altars, Tuam Cathedral, - Galway, X St. Mary’s Cathedral, Limerick, - Limerick, X Sneem, Town of, - - Kerry, XI Strawberry Beds, - Dublin, XI Sligo Abbey, Shane’s Castle, - Sligo, XI - Antrim, XI St. Mary’s Church, Clonmel, - Tipperary, XI St. Jarlath’s Cathedral, Tuam (Interior), Galway, XII St. Malachy’s Chapel, Belfast, - - Antrim, XIII Shrine at Gougane Barra, Section of Dublin Museum, - Cork, XIII - Dublin, XIII T Thurles Cathedral, _ Tipperary, I Treaty Stone, Limerick, - Limerick, III Turlough Round Tower, - Mayo, V Trinity Church, Limerick (Interior), - Limerick, IX Terrace, Powerscourt Castle, - Wicklow, IX Temple Arch, •• Donegal, XII Trim Castle, - Meath, XII Tore Mountain, - - Kerry, XII U Upper Lake, Killarney, - - Kerry, VII V Viaduct, Dalkey, . Dublin, IV View in Phoenix Park, - Dublin, IV View in St. Patrick’s, Dublin, - Dublin, VIII View on Ross Island, Killarney, - Kerry, X View in Prospect Cemetery, Dublin, - Dublin, XI Vale of Clara, Wicklow, XII Vale of Avoca, •• Wicklow, I W West Court and Statuary, Museum Science and Art, Dublin, ... Dublin, II Wexford (Town), - Wexford, IT Water Works, City of Cork, - Cork, III West Passage, - Cork, IV Westport, - Mayo, IV Waterford, - Waterford, IV Where Robert Emmet Died, Dublin, ~ Dublin, TV Wellington Testimonial, Phoenix Park, Dublin, VI Walk in Phoenix Park, Dublin, Dublin, VII Waterfoot, - Antrim, IX Warrenpoint, Down, IX Waterford, The Quays, - - Waterford, XI Wicklow, Town of, Wicklow, XI West Bridge and Father Daly’s Chapel, Galway, .... Galway, XII Westport Catholic Church, - Mayo, XIII Wellesley Bridge, Limerick, - Limerick, XIII SECTION 1. Enniscorthy and Vinegar Hill, County Wexford. 2. Maynooth College. 3. Parnell’s Grave, Glasnevin Cemetery, Dublin. 4. The City of Drogheda. 5. The Phoenix Park, Dublin. G. In the Museum, Dublin. 7. The Library, Trinity College, Dublin. 8. Carriek-a-Rede. 9. The Boyne Obelisk. 10. Evicted. 11. The O’Connell Monument. 12. Lismore Castle. 13. St. Patrick’s Bridge, Cork. 14. Interior of Catholic Cathedral, Dublin. 15. Holy Cross Abbey, Couni y Tipperary. 16. The Irish Fishwoman. 17. Glendalough, County Wicklow. 18. 19. 20. 21 . 22 . 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. Summit of Blarney Castle, County Cork City of Kilkenny. Glenarm, County Antrim. The Gough Statue, Phoenix Park, Dublin. The Celtic Cross, Monasterboiee, County Louth. Glenveigh, County Donegal. Eviction Scene, Vandeleur Estate, County Clare. Pery Square, City of Limerick. Shannon Bridge, Kings County and Ros- common. In the Vale of Avoea, County Wicklow. Dunmore, County Waterford. Cloyne Abbey, County Cork. Mortuary Chapel, Glasnevin Cemetery, Dublin. Thurles Cathedral, County Tipperary. The Baldwin Monument, Trinity College, Dublin. 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It was the first place of importance captured by the Irish insurgents in 1798. The first battle of the Wexford rebellion was at Oulart Hill, not far from Enniscorthy, on Sunday, May 27, and the British were totally routed. There were also sharp affairs at Ferns and Camolin, and, at noon, on the 28th, Enniscorthy, strongly garrisoned by the royal troops, was vigorously attacked by the “rebels” under Father John Murphy — the victor of Oulart, and the first priest who fought in the rebellion — and Edward Roche. The British made a gallant resistance, but, after three hours’ desperate fighting, were driven from the town, which was partially burned. Thenceforth, the Irish insurgents had their permanent camp on Vinegar Hill, the eminence shown in the picture, rising above the town. It was held until June 20, when it was assaulted by 20,000 regular British troops under Lieut. -Gen. Lake and Sir James Duff. The Irish fought heroically, men and women standing shoulder to shoulder, but were eventually forced to retreat, sustaining comparatively little loss. Although this battle practically put down the rebellion, the insurgents were justly entitled to sing : We are the boys of Wexford, Who fought with heart and hand To burst in twain the galling chain And free our native land! WAYNOOTH COLLEGE.— May nooth — in Gaelic, Magh-nu-adht — Nuat’s Plain, called after a King of Leinster, is, from both an historical and ecclesiastical point ol view, one of J^L the most famous localities in Ireland. It contains the ruins of the Castle of the Kildare branch of the Geraldines, which was surrendered in 1535 to Sir William Skeffington by Parez, foster brother of “Silken Thomas” — who was in rebellion against Henry VIII. — for a sum in gold coin. Skeffington paid the money, and immediately hanged the traitor. Carton House, the seat of the Duke of Leinster, is in the neighborhood. The sketch represents the entrance to the Catholic Ecclesiastical College of Maynooth, founded by the Irish Parliament in 1795, continued by William Pitt after the “Union,” and practically re-endowed by Sir Robert Peel in 1846, when the present structure — a Gothic quadrangular 340 by 300 feet — was erected. The College is entirely devoted to the education of theological students, of whom there are about 500, and the course extends over eight years. In 1869, on the disestablishment of the Protestant State Church, this Catholic College was also disendowed, and passed from under government control, which has greatly augmented its popularity. A bulk sum of ^369,040 was given it in compensation for disendowment. f ARNELL’S GRAVE, GLASNEVIN CEMETERY, DUBLIN.— The solemn from a parterre of wreaths laid upon the green mound that covers final resting place of the renowned Irish leader is indicated by the tall, dark crosj, which rises sole and parterre ot wreaths laid upon the green mound that covers the patriot, by loving Irish hearts and hands. Charles Stewart Parnell, born in Wicklow in I 846, of an American-Irish mother, and of a father who was the son of an Irish patriot, was educated in England. His maternal grandfather, after whom he was called, was Commodore Charles Stewart, of the American navy, one of the most brilliant sea warriors of the struggle of 1812. Parnell, himself, was educated in England and was a Protestant in creed, like Grattan, Emmet, and Smith O’Brien. He was first attracted to Irish politics by the persecution of the Fenian prisoners in British jails. He was elected to Parliament from Meath, in 1875 and, within four years, became the leader of the Irish people, displacing Isaac Butt. His obstructive tactics made him a power in the House of Commons, and he forced concession after concession from England. He finally compelled Gladstone to bring in the Home Rule bill of 1886, the greatest moral triumph achieved by any Irishman over English prejudice, except that gained by G Connell in 1829. The moral lapse which caused his fall is too painfully remembered to need particular mention. He died of a broken heart on October 7, 1891. Ireland never had a truer champion. r HE CITY OF DROGHEDA.— Drogheda — in Gaelic, Droich-ead-atha, “The Bridge of the Ford” — is situated on both banks of the river Boyne, in the counties of Louth and Meath, but chiefly in the former county, four miles from the mouth of the stream which divides it. It is one of the most ancient and renowned of Irish cities, and is filled with monastic and historic architectural relics. Of its four venerable gates — erected while it was still a walled town — one yet remains. After the Norman invasion of Ireland, Drogheda became for several centuries a place of great importance within the English pale, ranking with Dublin, Waterford and Kilkenny. It was visited by Richard II. and Henry V., of England, and many parliaments were held within its precincts, the last in the reign of James II. In September, 1649, Drogheda, held by an Anglo-Irish royalist garrison under General Sir Arthur Aston, was stormed, after a stout defense, by the Puritan army of Oliver Cromwell. Of the 3,000 persons within its walls, including soldiers who laid down their arms, women, children, nuns, priests, and other non-combatants, only about thirty escaped the slaughter. That massacre is the darkest spot on the escutcheon of Cromwell. He permitted it in order to “strike terror,” and in this he certainly succeeded. In 1690 Drogheda surrendered to William III., after the Battle of the Bovne. VTYHE PHCENIX PARK, DUBLIN. This picturesque tract comprises nearly 2,000 acres of land, beautifully diversified by plain, rolling ground, wood, cascade and rivulet, and is ?jjs> one of the most delightful pleasure spots in Europe. In summer the air is made vocal by countless song birds of almost endless varieties; and red deer run wild amid its classic shades. The section of the park known as “The Fifteen Acres” is a favorite reviewing ground for the Dublin garrison; and in the ante-“Union” days was a famous dueling ground. It was no unusual thing in the last century, when the “code of honor” prevailed in Ireland, to see in the early morning half a dozen “Irish gentlemen of the old school” blaze away at each other, with pistols duly primed and loaded, on this desirable battlefield. Many of the encounters, often fatal to one or both parties, grew out of hot debates on the rights and wrongs of Ireland in the Irish House of Commons. Among those who signalized themselves in this respect were Henry Grattan, Father of the Irish Parliament of 1782; Lord Chancellor Fitzgibbon, Henry Flood, Lord Norbury, who sentenced Robert Emmet to death, and many other historical personages. But the scene presented above is entirely pastoral and recalls no memory of bv-gone strife. Irish antiquaries assert that Phoenix Park derives its name not from the fabled bird, but from a well, known as Fionn-uisge (“Clear Water”), still within its limits. N THE MUSEUM, DUBLIN.— It has been a just complaint of Irishmen of talent that they have been handicapped, so to speak, in their pursuit of fame and fortune, unless they abandoned Irish subjects and curbed their national sentiments. Ireland has produced many painters and sculptors of note, but, like her chiefest soldiers, statesmen and authors, they have been compelled, in general, to devote their talent to the pleasing of other people than their own — in a word, to find a market for their talent outside of Ireland and Irish interests. The poverty and decay of public spirit in Ireland, justly attributed to the loss of national autonomy, has fixed this doom upon Irish genius. “Unprized are her sons till they learn to betray” the principles of their sires. This is as true of the artists, Barry, Forde, Maclise, Foley and others, as of the soldiers, Wellington and Roberts, and the authors and scientists like Leckev and Tyndall. Hogan, the only Irish sculptor who really devoted himself to Irish subjects, died in obscurity. Yet, although Ireland possesses but a tithe of her children’s works, Dublin is rich in an Art Gallery wherein are collected many of the finest studies of the great masters. The beautiful group of “The Mother,” the creation of the sculptor I. H. Hall, R. S., speaks eloquently for itself as a masterpiece of i s kind. ’U/HE LIBRARY, TRINITY COLLEGE, DUBLIN. — This ancient and renowned institution of learning contains two libraries — the College and the Fagel. The forrrer is one of the most valuable in the world, and contains more than 200,000 priceless volumes. It occupies a vast space, the whole side of a quadrangle, and its length is 270 feet. The main aisle, with its rows of busts, crowded shelves and lofty ceiling, is shown in the sketch. In this repository of knowledge some of the most eminent Irishmen of the last three centuries have found inspiration for their great works in law, physics and literature. Goldsmith, Burke, Robert Emmet, Wolfe Tone, Thomas Davis, and many others celebrated in different walks of life, spent many delightful hours in this stately retreat of the learned. James Clarence Mangan, the Edgar Allan Poe of Ireland, was a constant visitor during his brilliant but troubled career, particularly to the Manuscript Room, which is unrivalled for the rarity and variety of its collection. The Fagel Library, which contains about 18,000 volumes, belonged to the family of that name in Holland, and was purchased for Trinity College about the end of the last century, its original owners having removed it to England because of the French invasion, in I7g4_. c ARRICK-A-REDE. — This remarkable rift in the rocks is situated on the coast of the County Antrim, not far from the Giant’s Causeway. The name would seem to be divided, like the rock itself, between two derivations — one savant holding that it comes from “ Carrig-a-ramhad ” — “the rock in the road,” and another from “ Carrig-a-Drochead ” — “the rock of the bridge.” The dark and angry looking chasm is sixty feet wide and eighty feet deep, and is spanned by a flimsy and giddily swaying bridge of ropes. The passage of it, less seldom attempted than even the kissing of the real Blarney Stone, sometimes makes the head of the stoutest hearted swim. But the natives of the region often run across it without a quiver of fear, and laugh at the very visible nervousness of the foreign “tenderfoot.” The mechanism of this singular structure is comprised in two strong ropes, stretched from one side of the chasm to the other, and secured to rings firmly stapled in the rocks. Across these cables, planks one foot in width are laid and secured by other ropes. A small “hand rope” completes this perilous passageway, which seems to have no rival in the known world. To add to its terrors, an inlet of the ocean foams and thunders in the saturnine depths below. TITHE BOYNE OBELISK. — This striking but severe monument, commemorative of one of the most famous battles recorded in history, stands on the Louth or northern bank of the charm- ing river Boyne, four miles west of Drogheda and near the storied ford of “Oldbridge Town.” It is said to mark the point near which the Marshal Duke of Schomberg, commanding for King William, was killed by a party of Irish dragoons while forcing the passage of the river. The Battle of the Boyne was fought on Tuesday, July I (old style), 1690, between William III., at the head of 36,000 veterans, English, Scotch, Germans, Huguenots, Danes and Inniskillingers, and James II., the deposed King of England, who had under him 23,000 men — 17,000 Irish and 6,000 French — most of the former raw levies. At the death of Schomberg, William took active command in person and defeated the Irish centre, composed of half armed infantry, posted at the ford. The Irish cavalry charged William’s soldiers from the slopes above the ford, and drove the victors back into the Boyne. They soon rallied, how- ever, and by force of numbers pressed the Irish back to Donore. The Irish cavalry covered itself with glory in successive charges and the whole army retired in good order to Duleek. The French, held in reserve, hardly fired a shot and James showed gross incompetency. The losses on both sides were light, considering the importance of the result. E VICTED! — One of the most distressing features of English rule in Ireland has been the prevalence of evictions of “tenants-at-will ” — that is, tenants who have no leases, and who occupy their farms at the pleasure of the landlord. This unfortunate class of people can be evicted whether they pay their rent promptly or otherwise, and the landlord has the power to raise the rent at any time that may suit his purpose. Even the recently appointed Land Courts have only very slightly ameliorated these distressing conditions. Tenants who hold by lease are much better protected than tenants-at-will. The accompanying sketch represents an Irish peasant’s cabin after it has been entered and “gutted” by the sheriff’s posse and “emergency men” at the behest of some harsh landlord. The progenitors of the family, who are seen standing or sitting disconsolately in the foreground, may have occupied the place since the blood of St. Ruth dyed the shamrocks at Aughrim, but antiquity of claim does not soften the heart of a rapacious Irish landlord. Where, now, will that desolate family find a refuge? If without money or credit, in the poorhouse. If they have money or can borrow enough to pay their passage, in America, the land of the free and the paradise of the poor Irish. And there have been three millions of such victims during the reign of Victoria! FRANK!. :n H\ U7HE O’CONNELL MONUMENT. — Glasnevin Cemetery, situated in a pleasant suburb of Dublin, is the last resting place of many people famous in Irish history. It holds, among ^ others, the relics of Anne Devlin, the brave and faithful housekeeper of Robert Emmet; of John Philpot Curran, the king of Irish forensic eloquence* of Terence Bellew MacManus, “rebel” leader of 1848, whose public funeral in 1861, “breached a new soul into Ireland;” of John O’Mahony, the chief and founder of the Fenian Brotherhood; and also of the Daniel O’Connell, the Emancipator of the Irish Catholics, whose imposing monument is shown in the accompanying sketch. O’Connell, whose public life covered half a century, died in Genoa, while en route to Rome, May 15, 1847. His remains, except his heart, which was bequeathed to the Eternal City, were taken to Dublin, and were escorted from the capital to Glasnevin by the greatest funeral procession ever seen in Ireland. The body reposed in a temporary tomb until 1 869, when it was placed in a vault under the majestic round tower, so emblematic of his genius, which the love and gratitude of his country raised to his memory. No more fitting monument could have been erected to him whose name and fame shall be imperishable while Ireland and liberty endure. ** &%*&# . Jr ,r r ’i ISMORE CASTLE. — This noble pile, situated near the town of the same name, in the County of Waterford, on the far-famed “Avondhu,”— now called the Munster Blackwater — of the poet Spenser, is perhaps the stateliest baronial residence in Ireland. The original structure was founded on the site of an ancient Irish university by King John, when he was titular Lord of Ireland, in I 185, and since that period has undergone numerous reconstructions, having endured “the battles, sieges and fortunes” of frequent rebellions. It rises proudly in the midst of the most enchanting scenery of its type in the island — on the verdant, forest-clad banks of the noble river that has been truly named “the Irish Rhine.” Its most striking architectural features are King John’s Tower, to the rearward of the main structure; King James’ Tower — so called because James II. rested there before his hasty flight from Ireland in 1690 — which faces the river; and the Carlisle Tower, of modern design, named after a recent Whig Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. The Castle was once the property of Sir Walter Raleigh, of Elizabethan fame, who sold it to Boyle, Earl of Cork. This nobleman restored and renovated the somewhat battered Castle. Robert Boyle, the great philosopher, was born there in 1627. The place eventually passed, by marriage, into the possession of the Cavendish family, and it has long been the Irish residence of the Dukes of Devonshire. The English translation of the name Lismore is “Great Fort.” T. PATRICK’S BRIDGE, CORK . — The imposing structure, of which the sketch given above is a faithful picture, is the finest and most modern of nine bridges that span the historic river Lee in the beautiful city of Cork, which, like Chicago, seems to have been originally built on a swamp, as its Gaelic name, “Corcach” — a marsh — by which the Irish -speaking people -'’till call it — attests. St. Patrick’s street is the finest business thoroughfare of Ireland’s southern metropolis, which is one of the most picturesque of the Irish cities, and is particularly noted for the beauty of its women. Among those who have testified to the latter agreeable fact is Queen Victoria, of England, as will be seen by reference to her published diary of travels in Ireland a generation or more ago. Cork w x as betrayed into the hands of Henry II. by the traitor King of Desmond, Dermod McCarthy, in 1172; was besieged and taken by Cromwell in , i6 49 ; and by John Churchill, afterward Duke of Marlborough, in 1690. Here William Penn, founder of Pennsylvania, became a Quaker while on a visit to Ireland in the family interest in 1667, and from its harbor Patrick Sarsfield, Earl of Lucan, “one of King James’ chief commanders,” sailed with the “Wild Geese,” who became the renowned Irish Brigade of ranee, after the fall of Limerick, in 1691. f NTERIOR OF CATHOLIC CATHEDRAL, DUBLIN . — This noble ecclesiastical edifice, the interior of which is reproduced in the accompanying sketch, is of modern construction, and is situated in Marlborough street, one of the leading thoroughfares of the Irish capital. It is known as the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception, and is one of the most elaborately finished churches in Europe. The general style of architecture is modeled on the Grecian. The massive portico, with its six Doric pillars, recalls the facade of the Temple of Theseus in Athens, and there are other points about it that indicate Hellenic taste. The interior view, imposing as it is, would be far more effective were it not for the restriction placed upon the vision by the rows of columns that sentinel the grand aisle. Notwithstanding this peculiar defect of arrangement, Marlborough Street Cathedral, as it is popularly called, is a splendid temple of devotion. It accommodates over 2,000 worshipers, and is particularly noted for its superb choir. The grand altar, constructed of white Italian marble, is situated at the western end of the edifice, and is a dream of sacred adornment as well as a triumph of artistic perfection. TTOLY CROSS ABBEY, COUNTY TIPPERARY. — This beautiful and romantically environed monastic ruin is situated on the verdant bank of the charming River Suir, about eiglu miles Ivl almost due northward from Cashel. The foundation of this once magnificent temple is usually credited to Donald O’Brien, surnamed the Red, King of Limerick, who built it for a com- munity of Cistercian monks in 1182. The abbey is of cruciform design, gothic in character and contains many ancient tombs elaborately carved, and other objects of great interest to the curious. It was called the Abbey of the True or Holy Cross, because, in 1 1 10, Pope Pascal II. presented a portion of the True Cross, about two and a half inches long by half an inch in width, to Murrough, or Murtogh O’Brien, Ard Righ (High King) of Ireland, great grandson of King Brian of Kinkora, popularly called Brian Boru, who expelled the Danish power from the island at the battle of Clontarf, in 1014, himself falling in the very moment of victory. The relic, richly gemmed and enclosed in an archiepiscopal cross, is said to be still in existence, although it has been frequently imperiled since the Reformation. Edward Bruce, crowned King of Ireland, visited the abbey in 1316, while en route to Cashel, and the great Hugh O’Neill worshiped there in 1 599. 'W 3I 1 'HE IRISH FISHWOMAN. — The sketch of this interesting personage, her donkey and cart, and the pleasant rural surroundings, is true to life. Nothing seems more homelike and restful than a neat and cleanly Irish village, near the Dublin or Wicklow coast, on a line day in summer, when the sun is cloudless and the sea breeze tempers the genial heat of the flower-perfumed Irish atmosphere. The villagers can hear the drowsy hum of the bees as they “swarm” on the cottage roofs, and the soft note of the cuckoo, deep in the summer woods. At such a time in the day, along comes the buxom old fishwife, with a heart like an angel and a tongue like a fiend, leading her donkey through the village street. “Have ye any fresh mackerel today?” inquires the good housewife. “Av coorse I have, an’ what ud I be doin’ wid stale fish?” answers and queries the piscatory peddler. “Give me half a dozen, thin,” says the “vanithee,” mildly. “Half a dozen o’ mackerel! Yerra, what d’ye take me for? Ye’ll have a dozen or nothin, Mrs. Leary.” “Well, a dozen be it, thin. Anything for a quiet life,” responds the victim. The exchange is duly made and the fishwife leads on her animal and cart, crying out at intervals, “Fr-r-r-esh mack’ril! Fr-r-r-e-s-h m-a-c-k’ril ! ” until finally .she disposes of all her load and returns home rejoicing. K LENDALOUGH, COUNTY WICKLOW. — Glendalough — Gaelic, Glen-da-locha — the gem of the Two Loughs, one of the most romantic of Irish valleys, is famous for its historic memories, for its “ grand, gloomy, and peculiar” scenery, and for the monastic ruins — relics of St. Kevin — which are still the delight of the tourist. The legends that surround their history make the fragmentary remains interesting to a high degree. The ruins comprise a round tower, a diminutive cathedral, some finely sculptured doorways and arches, and a church — one of the seven originally erected — called popularly, but erroneously, “St. Kevin’s Kitchen.” The poet Moore makes use of the rather irreverent legend of “St. Kevin and Kathleen” in his Irish melodies, and “St. Kevin’s Bed ” is still pointed out in a cliff on the larger lake, into which, according to the legend and the lyric, the persecuted saint finally dumped the persistent maiden. From that day to this Glendalough has been— “That lake, whose gloomy shore skylark never warbles o’er.” In 1580 Glendalough was the scene of a murderous battle between Lord Deputy Grey and Fiach MacHugh. O’Byrne, in which he English were defeated and almost annihilated. In that fight Full many a father’s murder and many a sister’s wrong Were well avenged, dark Glendalough, thy echoing vale along. G7UMMIT OF BLARNEY CASTLE, COUNTY CORK.-T he sketch shows the top of the main tower of Blarney Castle, which has been seen by almost every tourist who ever made 2&J a trip to Ireland. There rises the tower “in craggy dizziness sublime,’’ and from the rugged battlements may be enjoyed one of the finest scenic prospects in Southern Ireland The landscape is diversified by fields of emerald green; groves, whose pastoral shade invites the weary traveller to luxuriant repose on the soft mosses beneath the venerable trees; sparkling lakes and rushing rivers. Blarney Castle stands, in fact, in the midst of an Irish Eden, peaceful enough in our days, but often the theater of many violent deeds, when right contended vainly against the mailed hand of might. It will be seen that, in the picture, a railing surrounds the parapet, and that the apertures in the walls beneath are similarly protected. This precaution became necessary when the great rush to see, and kiss, the magical Blarney Stone began in the early part of this century, and it has continued ever since. Several slight, and a few almost fatal, accidents occurred through the eagerness and curiosity of tourists. The boy in the bicycle suit, leaning over the railing, as pictured in the sketch, evidently needs a safe- guard of the kind to keep him from risking his precious neck. f»TITY OF KILKENNY . — Who has not sung or, at least, heard the old familiar ditty which has made the above old town a household name throughout the world? — 1 1 Oh, the boys of Kilkenny are stout roving blades! And whenever they meet with the nice little maids They kiss them, and court them, and spend their money free, And, of all the towns in Ireland, Kilkenny for me! And, then, there are the famous “Cats of Kilkenny — Kilkenny’s wild cats,” immortalized so to speak, by another Irish poet. Yet, apart from these homely claims to be unforgotten Kilkenny possesses vast historic interest. It became, almost from the first, an Anglo-Norman stronghold within the English pale, and within its walls was held the famous Parliament of l 3 & 7 — reign of Edward III — which passed the infamous “Statutes of Kilkenny” for the subjugation and plunder of the “mere Irish.” From 1642 to 1649 it was the meeting-place of the Irish Confederation, the sessions of whose conventions were held in St. Canice’s (St. Kenny’s) cathedral, from which the city derives its name. St. Canice’s is still well preserved, and from its towers, the accompanying sketch was taken. The large church, shown in the picture, is the new Catholic cathedral. fefLENARM, COUNTY ANTRIM . — Another charming hamlet that nestles under the bold headlands of the Antrim coasts, is beautiful Glenarm, which lies on the only deep water bay of the rugged shore-line between Loughs Foyle and Larne. It is the center of a lime producing district, and does a good trade in that line with Scotland. It is also a favorite sea- bathing resort, on account of its excellent beach and romantic situation. The castle rising among the woods on the left of the picture, is that of the Earl of Antrim, and is erected on the site of the more ancient castle of the MacDonnells — originally a Scotch family from the Western Isles, but long settled in Ireland — built about 1641. The modern structure was completed in, and has been the residence of the Antrim family since, 1750. It is a baronial edifice in style, but not of great proportions. The grounds around it are of Eden-like loveliness. A legend says that MacDonnell and McQuillan, chief of Dunluce, “rowed a match ’’ for the hand of the heiress of Glenarm, it being agreed that whoever first touched shore with his right hand would be the victor. MacDonnell, finding his strength failing, cut off that member of his body and flung it ashore, thus winning the lady and her land. TT7HE GOUGH STATUE, PH(ENIX PARK, DUBLIN. — The fine equestrian statue of the famous Field-Marshal, Hugh, Lord Gough, is one of the greatest artistic triumphs of the ®iL® late gifted sculptor, J. H. Foley, and is also one of the favorite “sights” in Phoenix Park; for, unlike Wellington, Gough was popular in Ireland, and particularly in Dublin. One reason for this was that he habitually abstained from meddling with politics, and the other, that, although a British General, he was always proud of his Irish birth and blood. He was a native of Woodstown, County Limerick, Ireland, and was born Nov. 3, 1779, and entered the military service of England, as ensign, at the early age of fifteen. He participated in the campaign against the Dutch at the Cape of Good Hope, and was with the forlorn hope of the 87th Royal Irish Fusiliers (the “ Faugh-a-Ballaghs”) at Porto Rico. He served with high distinction in the Peninsular war, and was severely wounded at Talavera. Wellington held him in high esteem, and he was promoted lieutenant-colonel on the field, but did not reach the rank of a general officer until 1830, when he became major-general. In India, he showed the qualities of a commander of the first class. He defeated the Mahrattas in a sanguinary campaign, and afterward routed the brave and warlike Sikhs at Moodkee, Ferozeshah and Sobraon. The old hero died near Dublin, March 2, 1869. ¥ HE CELTIC CROSS, MONASTERBOICE, COUNTY LOUTH. — This sketch gives a different view of the Celtic Cross and Round Tower at Monasterboice, County Louth, render- ing the cross, which is one of the grandest specimens of its kind in Ireland, more prominent. The mighty emblem of salvation is surrounded by an iron railing, in order to protect it from the hammer of the "relic” vandal, who, like Brougham’s Schoolmaster, is always “abroad.” The intricate carvings in the stately memorial can be almost traced by the naked eye. The man with his hand on the railing has acquisitiveness in his eye, and may be planning how best to surmount the obstacle, and obtain a “ chip ” for a “ pocket-piece.” A civilian and two British soldiers fern a small group on the left of the cross, which has been familiar with the English uniform — greatly to the cost of its surroundings — for several hundred years. It saw the archers of Strongbow, the Ironsides of Cromwell, and the “ Fencibles” of Camden and Cornwallis. But the soldiers contemplating the ruins, as shown in the picture, seem peaceable fellows enough. How truly “ English, you know,” is the set of the “ forage cap” over the right ear of the young red-coat farthest toward the left, and his hands, holding the inevitable rattan, are clasped behind his coat-tails in true John Bull style. f^LENVEIGH, COUNTY DONEGAL . — This nobly romantic glen, whose mountains cast their shadows on the clear waters of Lough Yeagh, in Donegal, is famed for the majesty of LU its scenery, but is best remembered in Irish history as the scene of the most relentless landlord persecution of “ tenants at will ” in modern times. The splendid castle which rises in the left middle ground, as presented in the picture, was erected by John George Adair, a Queen’s County aristocrat, who purchased the Glenveigh property in 1858-59. From the first, he seems to have hated the people among whom he settled, and the aversion was mutual. The poor cotters were mainly the lineal descendants of the heroic clansmen of Tyrconnell, who, on the defeat of their chiefs in the reign of James I, were driven to the highlands and the seacoasts to struggle for a wretched and precarious livelihood. A quarrel began in i860 about shoot- ing over the tenants’ grounds. This was followed by the importation of Scotch agents and contractors, who were as harsh toward the inhabitants as their “worthy” employer. Finally the Manager, or steward, James Murray, was killed, and this put the climax on the situation. Adair never rested until he “ cleared” the whole “ property” by process of eviction. Those of his victims who did not die in the poor-house emigrated to America, and such was “ The Doom of Glenveigh.” E VICTION SCENE, VANDELEUR ESTATE, COUNTY CLARE.— Among the most notorious of harsh, evicting Irish landlords, the names of Lord Lucan ( Bingham), William Scully and John George Adair, stand out in bold, unpleasant relief, and to these may be added that of Colonel Vandeleur, of the County Clare, who has developed exterminating “talents” of a most formidable kind. The accompanying sketch exhibits an eviction scene on the Vandeleur estate, near Kilrush, where the land agent, the sheriff and the officers of the Hussars and Royal Irish Constabulary — alias “the Peelers” — are holding a council of war previous to moving against the wretched cabin of the tenant to be evicted vi et armis. The lady in the picture may have come on the scene in the interests of mercy, but this is doubtful, as many Irish landladies — like Mrs. Mooney of this same county — were quite as unfeeling as the landlords. In the group on the left are seen some “ emergency men ” — employed by the evictor to do the meanest part of his dirty work. These creatures are the de-nationalized scum of Ireland, made up chiefly of the hangers-on of the alien-hearted aristocracy, who have been reared to hate and despise the people out of whose toil they are enabled to live in luxury. An Irish cabin of the poorest class is not a picturesque object, but it must be remembered that if the tenant improves its appearance, the landlord raises the rent. f ERY SQUARE, CITY OF LIMERICK. — The above picture shows a section of one of the leading squares of the City of Limerick, and is named after the founder of that portion of the city called Newtown Pen;, which lies in the almost triangular space between the river Shannon and the “Irish Town,” so memorable in the warlike history of the past. Pery with one "r,” is the family name of the Earls of Limerick, whose ancestor, the Right Hon. Edward Sexton Pery, began the building of the new town in 1769. This is the most fashionable, because the most modern, district of Limerick, and contains wealthy George street called — without any excuse of patriotism, even from a “ Unionist ” standpoint — after one of the worst of the recent English Kings. The buildings in this square are creditable to the architectural taste of modern Limerick. There has been recently erected within its precincts a monument to the once well-known financier and politician, Spring Rice, who became Chancelorof the Exchequer, and was afterward raised to the peerage, as Lord Monteagle. There are divers other objects of general interest in the locality, but, after all, the chief fame of Limerick rests on her heroic and battered "walls.” 'HANNON BRIDGE, KINGS CO. AND ROSCOMMON. — This bridge, of sixteen arches and a swivel, which allows the passage of boats up and down stream, crosses the big river some miles north of Shannon Harbor. The town to which it gives name is not a place of much importance in these days, although, formerly, it was fairly prosperous. Both “the Bridge” and “the Harbor” figure occasionally in the works of Lever and other Irish writers of fiction. The Bridge connects Kings County with Roscommon, while Shannon Har- bor is in the county Galway. Dealing with the latter, in “Jack Hinton,” Charles Lever writes of the Grand Canal, the Fly Boats, the “hotel” kept by the inimitable Corney Delaney, and also of that worthy’s mother, who begs of “Jack” not to hurt “the child” — Corney being then an interesting infant of sixty summers. Well, neither Bridge nor Harbor has much improved since the days of Hinton. The latter is still somewhat of a business centre, and marks the main connection, by water, of Leinster with the ancient “Kingdom of Connaught.” In ancient times, faction fights — barbarities done away with by the advance of civilization — occurred on the Bridge, where the warriors of the two provinces used to cross shellelaghs, “just to determine who were the better men” in a rough and ready tournament. In times still more ancient, hostile armies frequently encountered each other, with bloody results, at this important crossing. There is not in the wide world a valley so sweet as that vale in whose bosom the bright waters meet; O, the last rays of feeling and life must depart ere the bloom of that valley shall fade from my heart. f N THE VALE OF AVOCA, COUNTY WICKLOW.— How truthfully, as well as beautifully, Tom Moore, ninety years ago, pictured in undying verse, the enchanting vale represented in the sketch ! The Avonmore and Avonbeg rivers here conjoin and thence flow on their course “mingled in peace,” as the poet wished the hearts of all his friends to be. The tree, in the low fork of which “the minstrel of Erin ” sat while he composed the sweet lyric, is still shown to the tourist, who never fails to chime in, while gazing on the varied charms of Avoca with the sentiments of “the poet of all circles and the idol of his own.” The patrimonial residence of the late Charles Stewart Parnell, M.P. — once “the uncrowned king of Ireland” — overlooks the lovely scene, on which he so often feasted his eyes. Avondale House is now tenanted by John Howard Parnell, brother of the lamented chief, and a member of the Redmond branch of the Irish parliamentary party. Like his illustrious deceased brother, he is making brave efforts to revive the local industries of Wicklow. 0 UNMORE, COUNTY WATERFORD . — There are numerous Dunmores — another Gaelic form of great, or strong, fort— in Ireland, but the fishing village lying near the mouth of Waterford Harbor, presented in the sketch, is the most widely known. Not many years ago, it was a place of some commercial importance, and a pier, which cost $500,000.00, was built to accommodate the Milford Haven packets, as Dunmore was their Irish station. But declining population brought with it the kindred curse of decaying trade, and the village has been deserted by the English steamships for a long time. In summer a few people enjoy sea-bathing at Dunmore, which has in its vicinity many interesting relics of the past, among them a Druid altar constructed of several broad slabs, which are supported by fourteen perpendicular stones, forming a circle thirty-six yards in circumference. There, also, is pointed out to the traveller a sacrificial stone, so placed that the blood of the human victim flowed freely off. A kindred practice prevailed among the Aztecs in Mexico, where sacrificial stones are preserved in the National Museum at the Capital. The coasts around Dunmore are bold and striking. Many remarkable subterranean passages, or caves, have been formed by the action of the waters, and are objects of great interest to the curious. r»7X0YNE ABBEY, COUNTY CORK. — Irish annalists assert that the Bishopric of Cloyne, in the County Cork, dates from the sixth century, and the Abbey, which has been partially U restored, dates from a period almost as remote. Unlike most edifices of its kind in Ireland, it is small, and what may be called, without irreverence, “ squatty ” in size and shape. It is doubtful if it ever possessed a tower or spire— at least no trace of either remains at the present time. The building is a cruciform design, with a nave, choir, and north and south transepts. St. Coleman’s chapel, a small building within the precincts of a neighboring graveyard, is said to contain the relics of that ancient saint, which repose under the venerable trees that beautify the sacred spot. The round tower, which also appears in the picture, was once among the finest ruins of its class in Ireland. But, in January, 1794, it was struck by a thunderbolt and par- tially wrecked. The conical roof was forced in, carrying three floors with it, and bulging out one side of the tower. No attempt has been made to renovate it, although the expense would- not be great, and pictures of the unmutilated structure are, no doubt, in existence. T^TT ORTUARY CHAPEL, GLASNEVIN CEMETERY, DUBLIN. — Glasnevin Cemetery — one of the most beautiful burial-places in the world — whose monuments are as splendid xYi as they are varied — contains nothing that appeals more to the artistic eye than the graceful mortuary chapel shown in the sketch. It was dedicated August 29, the Feast of the Decollation of St. John the Baptist, by the late Cardinal-Archbishop McCabe, and was designated “ The Chapel of the Resurrection of our Lord.” It was designed and erected by J. J. McCarthy, R. H. A., one of the most successful representatives of Irish architectural skill in this era. The edifice is Romanesque in character, rich and delicate in decoration, and preserves many of the antique features that characterized church buildings in Ireland previous to, and immediately following, the Anglo-Norman invasion. The walls externally are divided into bays corresponding with those of the interior, by broad pilasters, the material used being granite quarried in the County Wicklow. While the lower portion of the walls is plain, the upper part is divided into handsome arcades. Above these, carved tables bearing the sculptured heads of monarchs, prelates, knights, and nuns, support the molded cornices. The gables are surmounted by crosses of the ancient Irish pattern. Internally, the chapel is in every way worthy of its classical exterior. WHURLES CATHEDRAL, COUNTY TIPPERARY. — The name of this olden Irish town is pronounced as if written Thur-less, with the accent slightly on the first syllable, and it @ 11 ® derives its name from the Gaelic Durlas — a strong fort. Here was fought one of the bloodiest battles between the Irish and the Danes in the tenth century. The town stands on the banks of the winding river Suir, and is connected by railway with Dublin and Cork. The country around it is very fertile, and fifty years ago, the region was about the centre of the fierce agrarian warfare between the landlords and the people, in which the former were shot by the dozen and the latter hanged by the score. Hundreds of tenant farmers, suspected of complicity, were transported to the English penal settlements at the Antipodes, and there was mourning throughout the length and breadth of the fair county. Near Thurles, in the fall of 1857, John Ellis, a Scotchman, agent for Mr. Trant, of Dovea, was shot. Two brothers, named William and Daniel Cormack, were hanged at Neuagh for the crime, on glaringly inconclusive evidence. The unprincipled Judge Keogh presided at the trial. Thurles is a cathedral city, and the Archibishop of Cashel and Emiy resides there. The cathedral — a spacious modem structure — is shown in the sketch. $ b 73 3 G 2 rt g £* g 'g (« y cj cj CJ .G 1) G5 .£ £ cj CJ G3 .2 4-» G a; H 1—1 CL) .G 4—4 H tn 4- » . 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Askeaton Abbey, County Limerick. 8. Fish Market, Galway. 9. Giant’s Head Rock, Portrush, Antrim. 10. The Holy Well, Phoenix Park. 11. Town of Athlone, County Roscommon. 12. Newcastle, County Down. 13. Clifden Cascade, County Galway. 14. Town of Lifford, County Donegal. 15. Castlebar, County Mayo. 16. West Court and Statuary, Museum of Science and Art, Dublin. 17. Patrick Street, Cork City. 18. Glenarm Castle, County Antrim. 19. Wexford Town. 20. Ballysadare Falls, County Sligo. 21. Phoenix Park, The “Irish Milestone.” 22. Ennistymon, County Clare. 23. The Moat of Ballyloehloe, County West- meath. 24. Guinness's Brewery, Dublin. 25. Eviction Scene. 26. City of Limerick. 27. Phoenix Park, Dublin— Scene of the Assas- sination of Cavendish and Burke. 28. Cashel Abbey and Round Tower. 29. O’Connell Bridge, Dublin. 30. Aehill Island, County Mayo. 31. “Lord Antrim’s Parlor,” Giant’s Causeway. 32. 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The sketch shows the head of the column proceeding to Glasnevin Cemetery, where the remains of the great Irish leader are interred, over the superb O’Connell bridge, while throngs of people stand respectfully on each side of the paraders, as they slowly march on their mournful pilgrimage to the flower-covered grave of the immortal patriot. Behind the carriages tramp in solid array the National Societies and Organized Trades of Dublin, who always present a fine appearance. Following these come the various delegations from the country, rank on rank. Every organization is preceded by a band, playing airs appropriate to the occasion. Dublin has always been famous for its funeral parades — the most notable having been those of O’Connell, Terence Bellew MacManus, the Manchester Martyrs — a mock funeral, because thev were buried in quicklime in Salford prison, England — and that of Parnell himself. At the MacManus funeral, in November, 1861, several Irish soldiers of the Dublin garrison joined in the procession, and uncovered their heads, like the rest, when they passed the theatre of Robert Emmet’s execution. These men were sent immediately “on foreign service.” XT/OWN OF DONEGAL. — The above renowned stronghold of the ancient Irish princes of Tyrconnell — the warlike house of O’Donnell — takes its name from a dun, or fort, supposed to have been built by the Danish invaders, and called in Gaelic Dun-na-n Gall — the Fort of the Strangers. It is situated in the northwestern portion of the picturesque county of the same name, eleven miles north-northeast, of Ballyshannon, on the shallow river Eske, which falls into Donegal Bay. On three sides the town is bounded by lofty hills, and in its front is the ocean. The ruins of a Franciscan monastery, built by Hugh O’Donnell, in 1474, and destroyed during the Ulster wars of a hundred and twenty years later, crown one of the heights, while the remains of the once splendid castle of the O’Donnells —still imposing — look down upon the river Eske. This castle is now owned by the Earl of Cavan, who has par- tially restored it. In the abbey were compiled the famous “Annals of the Four Masters,” covering a period of 4,500 years! Within the castle, Hugh Roe O’Donnell — the victor of the Battle of the Curlew Mountains, in 1599, and the noblest and bravest of his race — gave many a splendid banquet. Of him, who had won forty battles against the English while still a youth, was written — Many a heart shall quail, under its coat of mail. Deeply the merciless foeman shall rue. When on his ear shall ring, borne on the breeze’s wing, Tyrconnell’s dread war-cry: “O’Donnell aboo!” UCKROSS ABBEY, KILLARNEY. — The ruins of this renowned abbey, reproduced with fidelity in the sketch, are situated on Castlelough Bay — one of the arms of the Lower Lake of Killarney, and contiguous to the pretty little hamlet of Cloghreen. Muckross Hotel, built by the Herbert family for the accommodation of tourists, is in the immediate neighborhood. Our erudite friend. Professor Joyce, of Dublin, gives romance a slap in the face when he declares that Muc-ros — the Gaelic spelling of the name — means, in Irish, “the peninsula of the pigs!” “Muc” standing for “pig” and “ros” for “peninsula.” Other savants claim that the original name was “Irelough” — Anglice “Westlake” — but, in either case, the old monks, who had a great eye for scenic beauty, chose the beautiful spot for the founding of the abbey, under the patronage of one of the princely McCarthys, while they yet ruled over “deep-valley’d Desmond.” It is said that the original church was burned in i 192. The Four Masters mention the foundation of the structure, whose remains are shown above, in 1340, while some say it was established for the Franciscans in the middle of the Fifteenth century. The ruins comprise those of the convent and the church, and present many beauties of ecclesiastical architecture. The chief entrance is through a superb Gothic doorway, deeply bearded in ivy, through which is seen the great eastern window, as in a picture. r CENE IN MAYO. — The County Mayo, although not the most fertile, is one of the largest and most picturesque of the Irish “shires,” and has more representatives in America than, perhaps, any other county, excepting Cork and Limerick. In no district of Ireland has the hand of the evictor been more heavily against the people, and the ring of the despoiler’s crow-bar and pickax is even yet heard in the land. Mayo is the birth place of two of the greatest Irishmen of modern days— John MacHale, “Lion of the Fold of Judah,” the great Archbishop of Tuam and the greatest conservator of the Gaelic language, who died in the fulness of years and honors about the time Parnell came into power; and Michael Davitt, the founder of the Irish Land League, who still lives to do good battle for his native land. The accompanying sketch shows a country road, passing over a solid bridge in a strikingly scenic portion of Mayo — the sparkiing waters stretching on either hand far and wide; the craggy rocks above, and the misty mountains in the distance. There lake and plain smile fair and free, ’Mid rocks, their guardian chivalry — Sing oh! let man learn liberty From crashing wind and lashing sea! That chainless wave and lovely land Freedom and nationhood demand — Be sure, the great God never plann’d For slumbering slaves a home so grand! K ingstown harbor, Dublin . — This spacious and handsome seaport is really a portion of the harbor of Dublin, but is generally held to be distinct from it. Until 1821, Kingstown bore the name of Dunleary, and was a mere fishing village. It obtained its present name because it was selected by George IV. as the point of embarkation, when he was leaving Ireland in the year above mentioned. On that occasion, the aristocratic classes, led by the Earl of Fingal and Daniel O’Connell, made themselves so needlessly obsequious, that they were severely satirized by Lord Byron in his “Irish Avatar.” Notwithstanding his “graciousness” and fine promises. King George shed tears of rage when he was compelled to sign the bill emancipating the Irish Catholics in 1829. Kingstown is the station for the Liverpool and Dublin and Dublin and Hollyhead steamers, which carry the mail; and it has also a large Anglo-Irish passenger traffic. The western pier of this. harbor is 4,950 feet long and the eastern pier 3,500 feet, having an entrance 850 feet in width. The depth of water varies from 15 to 27 feet, and the total area is 250 acres. The town, in its esplanade and outskirts, is beautified by the handsome residences of many wealthy Dublin citizens. The sketch shows a mail steamer entering the harbor. "ATER WORKS, CITY OF CORK. — This sketch shows the hill above the river Lee, on and along which are situated the excellent water works’ buildings of the City of Cork. If, in many respects, Ireland, chiefly because of political excitement and social disasters, is backward of other countries less richly endowed by nature, she is wealthy, indeed, in her deep, clear and rapid rivers, her crystal lakes and her pellucid springs and streamlets. “The best watered country in Europe,” was the verdict of Arthur Young, the eminent English traveller and writer, on Ireland in the last century. Cork, which has two fine streams, and numerous gushing springs, is particularly blessed in this regard, especially since her modern water works, in everyway abreast of the times, were constructed. The water supply is copious and the cost is reasonable. In the matter of municipal government, Ireland has proved herself, in all her great cities, fully equal in ability to richer, and freer, Albion — thus practically disposing of the old time slander, invented and propogated for political effect, that Irishmen have not the governing faculty. In the cities of Ireland, they have certainly shown themselves not inferior in governmental capacity to any other race. TILLAGE OF MAYNOOTH, COUNTY KILDARE. — The village of Maynooth, although not imposing in size, containing, inclusive of the Catholic ecclesiastical students at the college, little more than 2,000 people, is always interesting, on account of its historical and religious associations. It is in the county Kildare, fifteen miles northwest of Dublin, on the Midland and Great Western railroad. The Royal - Canal — the deepest waterway of its kind in Ireland — runs through it. On the left of the picture may be observed the ruined castle of the Kildare branch of the Geraldine family, fully dealt with elsewhere. The college is hidden behind the woods, and the main village stretches away to the right on the opposite bank of the canal. Maynooth derives its principal retail trade, of which it has a great deal, from the faculty and students of the college, and also from the patronage of the Duke of Leinster, who resides for part of each year at Carton House, the country seat of the ducal family. Owing to the recent death of the late Duke, Gerald FitzGerald — who had sufficient of the old blood in him to present the original oil painting of his collateral ancestor. Lord Edward FitzGerald, who died for Ireland in 1798, to the Dublin National Gallery — the title is now borne by a boy of ten, Maurice FitzGerald, who was also deprived by death of his surpassingly beautiful mother a few years ago. 'ALMON WEIR, GALWAY. — Salmon fishing is, in the season, one of the great attractions of the City of Galway, which, unlike most cities, possesses a fishery “within its very gates.” The sketch shows the salmon weir on the splendid Corrib river, connecting Lough Corrib with Galway Bay, which Rows through the ancient town. While the fishing “stretch” is not very extensive — only a few hundred yards — the immense number of the royal fish frequenting the range makes the sport unusually lively and attractive. The Irish salmtm is a “gamey” fish, and gives the angler all he can do, with rod and gaff, to conquer his efforts to get rid of the irritating, and generally fatal, hook. The enterprising sea trout — a relative of the salmon — also frequents the Corrib, and offers, in general, quite as much attraction to the genuine sportsman as its more celebrated cousin. Not much physical hardship is entailed on the Galway salmon fisher, but he has to pay about $5.00 per diem for the privilege, unless he is fortunate enough to make weekly or monthly rates. He has the advantage of fishing from a gravelled walk, which is buttressed by a strong wall, and has only to drop into the water his hook and line, properly baited, and enjoy his sport. ONEA CASTLE, COUNTY FERMANAGH. — The sketch presents a view of the ruined Castle of Monea, with “Crannoge” — a circular island, which formerly contained the habitations of primitive people, known as “Lake Dwellers” — in the County Fermanagh. The castle itself is not of great antiquity, being one of those built by the Anglo-Scotch “Colonists,” popularly called “transplanters,” who usurped, by favor of James I., the “confiscated” lands of the native Irish, defeated, after a long and heroic struggle, by the Earl of Mountjoy in the preceding reign. It was stipulated in the royal grant “that every undertaker of the greatest proportion of two thousand acres shall, within two years after the date of his letters patent, build thereupon a castle, with a strong court, or bawn, about it; and every undertaker of the second, or middle, proportion of fifteen hundred acres, shall, within the same time, build a stone or brick house thereupon, with a strong court or bawn about it,” and so on, “in proportion.” The “crannoges” were constructed by the ancient inhabitants of Ireland, partly for purposes of seclusion and partly for defense against the sudden attack of fierce enemies. Some still exist in many parts of the island, and many romantic traditions cluster around them. The “crannoges” are all artificial islands, formed generally on piles, and had a superstructure of timber. rt ASTLE-CONNELL RAPIDS, CO. LIMERICK. — These rapids of the Shannon are popularly called “the Falls of Doonass,” and are the most picturesque of that series of cascades LJ which mark the course of the river from Killaloe to Limerick — a distance of 12 miles. They recall, particularly at Castle-Connell — so-called from an ancient castle of the O’Briens of Thomond, now in ruins — the rapids of the Niagara near the Falls, and those of the St. Lawrence in the region of the Thousand Islands. Although the falls add to the beauty, they detract from the utility of the Shannon, over the entire distance they occupy, and a lateral canal, broad and deep, constructed at great expense, enables steamers, and other vessels of good size, to ascend the river, and returning, reach navigable water, near the City of Limerick. Many travellers have asserted that the Falls of Doonass are unsurpassed by anything of the kind in Europe. In summer, the citizens of Limerick throng to them in great numbers. General Ginkel, irritated by the stout defense made by the Irish garrison in 1691, caused the old castle, from which the town derives its name, to be blown up, and this v as done so effectively that only a gateway and some ruined walls remain. ATHDRUM, COUNTY WICKLOW . — This handsome village stands on an elevation which overlooks the silvery Avonmore river, at some distance above its confluence with the Avonbeg, in the Vale of Avoca. It is situated within the boundaries of the Earl Fitzwilliam’s estate, and is one of the most noted stations on the Dublin, Wicklow and Wexford railway. It is a favorite abiding place of the numerous summer tourists, attracted to the Avonmore by the magic of Moore’s deathless melody. Notwithstanding adverse criticism of this poet, in the matter of his alleged lack of virile descriptiveness, his songs have done more to celebrate the varied scenery of Ireland than all those of his, perhaps, more vigorous rivals com- bined; and County Wicklow, in particular, should remember him with gratitude for what he has done for Avoca and Glendalough. Rathdrum can hardly be called a melodious or, at least, euphonious name. It is derived from “rath,” a Gaelic form of fort, usually applied to so-called Danish fortifications, and “drum,” a long hill. Avoca — more properly Ovoca — is from the Greek Oboka, which, according to Joyce, appears in Ptolemy’s work on European names of places, with map — Mercator’s edition, 1605. The Irish form is Avonmore, which means “great river.” 'ECTION OF RUINS OF MELLIFONT, COUNTY LOUTH. — The tourist in Ireland always says farewell to the ruins of Mellifont with regret. There is a fascination about the place that it is difficult to resist. Although nearly all that was graceful and beautiful within its boundaries has been disfigured or destroyed, the very relics, bare and dismal as they appear, appeal powerfully to the imagination, and fill the mind with melancholy reflections. Nowhere in the world does the nothingness of this life strike the mind of the thoughtful man so profoundly as amid the shadows of monastic ruins. Every foot of ground beneath his feet contains the dust of saint and sage and scholar. The dismantled dormitories and cells, choked up with weeds and stones, tell, with touching eloquence, the tragical story of the past. Here was placed the holy chalice that held the sacred wine. And the gold cross from the altar, and the relics from the shrine. The traveller we see half recumbent through the archway, and the other who stands in the gloom of the ruined cell, appear to be filled with such reflections, as they tread on dust of ages.” And the mitre, shining brighter with its diamonds than the East, And the crozier of the Pontiff, and the vestments of the priest. ‘the •/>' CO- r.HtCAGQ: r APTURED CANNON, DUBLIN MUSEUM. —The foregoing picture shows a section of the graceful rotunda of the Science and Art Museum, Dublin, sentinelled by classic statuary and guarded, as it were, by the captured cannon of that rugged Anglo-Irish warrior, Hugh, Lord Gough, who, like too many of his countrymen, powerfully assisted in building up the empire that has shown no consideration for the political or social interests of Ireland. However, Gough was simply a soldier, and, as such, he is entitled to the respect of all who admire ability and valor in the field. In a preceding sketch, we showed the fine equestrian statue of this general, executed by the sculptor, Foley. The cannon shown above are pieces captured by Gough in the Gwalior campaign, 1843, and in the Punjab campaign, at Sobraon, in 1846. They were presented to Lord Gough by the East India Company, when he was leaving Hin- dostan, and were deposited, on loan, in the Museum by his son and heir, also Lord Gough, who greatly distinguished himself as a General during the Indian Mutiny of 1857, and “died in harness” as a Lieutenant-General, quite recently. We may say, en passant, that the long six-pounder, which killed General St. Ruth at Aughrim, in 1691, is still preserved in the armory at Dublin Castle. ANTRY, SHOWING HEAD OF BAY, COUNTY CORK. — Every Irishman, and nearly every American, has heard the old ’98 “rebel” ballad of the “Shan Van Vocht” (“poor old woman”) allegorical of Ireland. It refers to the attempted French landing in Bantry Bay, December, 1796, and one verse — the opening one — runs thus: The Frinch are in the Bay, They’ll land without delay. And the Orange will decay. Says the Shan Van Vocht! Ofl^the Frinch are on the say. Says the Shan Van Vocht! Sure the Frinch are on the say. Says the Shan Van Vocht! The “Orange,” at that time, represented the English-Tory interest in Ireland, and against it the Irish Catholics and Presbyterians were almost unanimously arrayed. The attempted French invasion — under Generals Hoche and Grouchy — the latter the same who failed Napoleon at Waterloo —sailed from Brest with 43 battle ships and 13,500 men. They were under the guidance of Theobald Wolfe Tone — the organizer of the United Irishmen. When almost within sight of Ireland, a violent storm arose and scattered the fleet. Hoche and the Admiral were separated from the main body. Grouchy, with 6,000 men, reached Bantry Bay, but declined to land, and the expedition failed. The sketch shows the olden fishing town of Bantry, seated at the head of its noble Bay — one of the finest in the world. It is situated in the County Cork. CJECLUDED SPOT IN PHCENIX PARK. — Nothing so enchants the traveller who visits Dublin as the infinite variety of beauty spots in its majestic public pleasure ground, the Phoenix Park. He can find there a thousand places in which the work of Dame Nature has been improved upon — as regards discipline and grouping — by the cunning hand of the landscape gardener; but he can also find hundreds of shady retreats, where he can be, to all intents and purposes, alone with her works, as much as if he were in the heart of some semi-tropical wilderness. God has been very bounteous to Ireland as regards her natural gifts, but man, in the words of Edmund Burke, one of her greatest sons, has been, for ages, conspiring to counter- act, in her case, the beneficient intention of the great creator, when the Almighty breath first quickened her into life. The beauties of Phoenix Park are exclusively the production of God, in the first place/ and Irishmen in the next. ■ The tourist shown in the picture sees nothing but the charms of the Phoenix in his surroundings, where he stands. There is a rural stillness and restfulness in the scene; but, a few hundred yards in any direction, will bring him upon scenes and groups full of wakefulness and animation, and the sight of many scarlet uniforms will show him “red specks of British power in Ireland.’ ’ B ORSE SHOW, BALL’S BRIDGE, DUBLIN. — The annual Horse Show held at Ball’s Bridge, Dublin, is one of the greatest attractions of the Irish metropolis. It occurs in the summer season, when everything beautiful in Ireland is at its best, and when even things not beautiful cease to be repellent. All Europe knows the value of the Irish horse. The racer, the hunter and the charger are all renowned in cavalier circles, and have been bestridden by Emperors, Kings, Princes, Marshals, Generals, and other grandees, to no end. The once beautiful Empress of Austria used to delight in clearing “double quick-set hedges” and stone walls six feet high and upwards, on the back of her noble Irish mare. Dragoon officers and other experts, from all over the world, frequent the Dublin Horse Show every year, and buy there liberally, but chiefly “mounts” for the officers of “crack regiments,” who love the high mettle of the “clean timbered,” short-coupled Irish saddle horse, whose only rival is our own Kentucky thoroughbred. The show is attended by the elite of Great Britain and Ireland, as well as by enterprising “foreigners,” and the sketch fully shows the quality of the patrons of the equine exposition. The premises are owned by the Royal Dublin Society, and there is accommodation for about 2,000 animals. The society has, up to date, expended $325,000 on improvements at Ball’s Bridge. SECTION IV. 1. City of Cork. 2. O'Connell Memorial Church, Cahireiveen, County Kerry. 3. Viaduct, Dalkey, County Dublin. 4. A View of Ballina, County Mayo. 5. Pleaskin Head, County Antrim. 6 King John’s Castle, Thomond Bridge, Lim- erick. 7. Along the Quays, Dublin. 8. The Potato Market, Drogheda. 9. “ First Day" Kingstown Regatta, County Dublin. 10. A View in Phoenix Park. 11. Nenagh Town Hall and Castle, County Tip- perary. 12. The Custom House. Dublin. 13. “ Ino and Bacchus,” Dublin Museum. 14. Street in Ballinasloe, County Galway. 15. Ballyshannon, County Donegal. 16. St. Lawrence Gate, Drogheda. 17. West Passage, County Cork. 18. Larne, County Antrim. 19. Ancient Castles, Dalkey. 20. Church and Convent, Ken mare, County Kerry. 21. Grattan Bridge, Dublin. 22. Askeaton, County Limerick. 23. Marching to Evict, County Clare. 24. Westport, County Mayo. 25. Market Place, Navan, County Meath. 26. Shandon Church, Cork City. 27. St. Jarlath’s College, Tuam, County Galway. 28. Howth Abbey, County Dublin. 29. Waterford City. 30. Athlone Castle, County Roscommon. 31. Where Robt. Emmet Died, Dublin. 32. Stairway, National Gallery, Dublin. 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C nn) • ■ n: t •: r- 15 A A : 77 .7 1 1 th<. c! :r . re al> renow .7 : cavalier dr< : •, have ■ > bestride a . „ •S Austria pc ■ to delight in clearing '‘double quick -sc hedg nd ston. wads Hx feet / ' v . 7 - preio it -.Mr,-, :n t i-c • on O •fc nmts’' ?cv the; office ;-s of “cf»c: wh love the high 'cat ?t attractions oi the Iris., mi • AH Europe knows ; c ■ c_- < -■ h- of her noble TTY OF CORK. — The sketch gives a general view of the world-famed City of Cork, taken from one of the surrounding vantage points. Modern enterprise and progress have swept away many of the old landmarks. Narrow streets and dingy lanes have been widened and otherwise improved, but many are still contracted and gloomy, and present a very decided contrast to the fine thoroughfares that traverse the better portion of the city built on “the Island,” formed by the two branches of the river Lee. We have dealt in another sketch with the merits of Patrick Street, the South Mall and the Grand Parade. There is also Great George Street and its extension, known as the Western Road and the old promenade, known as the Mardyke, running parallel to the Road, nearly two miles in extent and beautifully shaded by lofty elms, which interlace their umbrageous boughs, and form, in summer, a most agreeable arbor. The Queen’s College, the Cathedral of St. Finn Barr and the Church of St. Anne of Shandon are objects of interest to the traveller. Of the latter. Rev. Francis Mahony, “Father Pront, ” wrote the celebrated ballad, a quotation from which will be given in a more elaborate sketch of the church. ® ’CONNELL MEMORIAL CHURCH, CAHIRCIVEEN, CO. KERRY. — This artistic memorial church, erected in honor of Daniel O’Connell, within a short distance of the place of his birth, is mainly the result of arduous and unselfish labor on the part of the Very Rev. Canon Brosnan, parish priest of Cahirciveen. Although far advanced exteriorally, it is not yet completed, chiefly owing to lack of funds, but, when it is entirely finished, it will be one of the most classic memorial structures in Europe. The edifice is situated in a highly romantic country, and every spot of the ground in its neighborhood is connected with some tradition of the Irish Liberator, as he was somewhat grandiosely styled by his admirers. He de- served the title of Emancipator of the Catholics, but he utterly failed in his effort to liberate Ireland from the British connection, as established by the “Union” act of a. d. 1800. O’Connell, when residing at Derrynane abbey — his Kerry home — frequently attended mass at Cahirciveen chapel. In the words of Richard Lalor Shiel, he loved, in his mountain retreat, “to listen to the murmurs of the great Atlantic; to inhale the freshness of the morning air, and, encompassed by the loftiest images of liberty on every side, look out from some high place far and wide into the island, whose greatness and glory shall ever be associated with his name.” IADUCT, DALKEY, CO. DUBLIN. — The Dublin, Wicklow and Wexford railroad runs along the shore of Dublin bay in the direction of Shankill, and touches the picturesque village of Dalkey, eight miles from the metropolis. The sketch shows one of its viaducts, and reveals the varied features of sylvan landscape that beautify the route. Opposite Sor- rento Point — only a short distance from the shore — lies Dalkey Island, which contains the ruins of an ancient oratory, dedicated to St. Benedict. From this Island a splendid view of Dal- key /illage and the mainland can be obtained. The panorama extends from the capital to Bray Head, and is one grand succession of ravishing scenic pictures. It is from this point that many fastidious travellers have compared Dublin Bay favorably with that of Naples. Up to 1797, Dalkey Island elected a “King” of its own, and in that year 20,000 persons participated in the election of the mock monarch, whose reign terminated forever in the year of the great rebellion, 1798. The last “King” of Dalkey Island was one Stephen Armytage, a popular book seller of Dublin, who reigned over his 25 acres of land with satisfaction to his subjects, and whose titles ran thus: “His Facetious Majesty, Stephen I., King of Dalkey, Emperor of the Muglins, Prince of Lamb Island, Duke of Lambay, Elector of Ireland’s Eye, Protector of the Maiden Rock, Stadtholder of the Hen and Chickens, Respecter of All Men’s Faith and Defender of his Own.” VIEW OF BALLINA, COUNTY MAYO. — The thriving town of Ballina is very pleasantly situated on the fish-full river Moy, where it widens into almost an estuary about five miles above its entrance into the bay. The stream is spanned by two handsome bridges, which connect the counties of Mayo and Sligo, divided here by the river. Ballina has a population of about 5,000 souls, most of whom live on the Mayo bank of the Moy. The smaller section of the town, on the Sligo side, is called Ardnaree — Gaelic Ard-na-riaghadh — the Hill of the Executions, because a foul murder was once avenged by the hanging of the murderers, in days long vanished, on an adjoining hill. Ballina itself is commonly written in Gaelic Bel-en-atha — Mouth of the Ford — but Prof. Joyce claims that the original Irish name was Bel-atha-an-fheadha (Bellahanna) the Ford-mouth of the Wood. The Moy forms pretty rapids as it dashes through the town, and it feels the influence of the tide up to the bridges, but it is not navigable above the Quay. Ballina is the residence of the Catholic bishop of Killala, and the cathedral shown in the sketch is built on the Sligo side of the river. There is a remnant of the abbey founded by St. Bolcan near the town. The salmon fishery is very import- ant and nowhere can “the complete angler” find better sport. Splendid views of Mount Nephin and other peaks, rising westward of Lough Conn, can be had from the village. Ballina was occupied by the French, under Humbert, in 1798. }LEASKIN HEAD, COUNTY ANTRIM . — This superb sentinel of the majestic coast of Antrim rises above the foaming billows of the sea some two miles to the eastward of the Giant’s Causeway, and is one of the most imposing natural objects to be found in even that region of geological wonders. Antiquaries claim that the name of the grand promontory is obtained from the Gaelic Plaisgeian, which signifies “dry head.” “Here,” says Professor Addey, “the natural basaltic rock lies immediately under the surface. About twelve feet below the summit, the rock begins to assume a columnar tendency, and is formed into ranges of rudely columnar basalt, in a vertical position, exhibiting the appearance of a grand gallery, whose columns measure sixty feet in height. This basaltic colonnade rests upon a bed of coarse, black, irregular rock, sixty feet thick, abounding in air holes. Below this coarse stratum is a second range of pillars, forty-five to fifty feet high, more accurately columnar, and nearly as perfectly formed as the Causeway itself.” The entire mass of the cliff, from the sea-base to the summit, is about four hundred feet high, and the surface presented to the beholder is so varied in rich coloring that he might imagine himself viewing the finest portions of the Yellowstone Canon. Many tourists prefer Pleaskin Head to the Causeway itself. ' ' ...TNG JOHN’S CASTLE, THOMOND BRIDGE, LIMERICK. —John Plantagenet, nicknamed “Lackland,” King of England, is noted in history for cruelty and castle building. His father, Henry II., created him “Lord of Ireland,” a title which remained with the Kings of England, whose authority was limited to “the Pale,” until the advent of Henry VIII., who was the first English monarch to assume the title — confirmed by some recreant Irish princes, who had no authority from the people — of King of Ireland. John visited his new “Lordship” twice — the first time when he was merely Prince and the second when he was King of England. On the first occasion, he insultingly plucked the beards of the foolish old Irish chiefs who came to do him “homage” and give him “the kiss of peace.” They rose against him and wrested the greater part of their country from him and his Norman followers. Eventually a peace was patched up, and then John proceeded to build many castles to cement his ill-gotten power in the island. King John’s Castle, partially shown above, and old Thom- ond Bridge, were built about the year 1205. The original bridge, which had a stormy history, was taken down in 1838, and was replaced by the structure pictured in the sketch. The castle is a fine remnant of Norman military construction. Seven towers of it — all connected by massive walls — still remain almost intact, except for the scars left by numerous bombard- ments. The quadrangle which they encompass is now used for an English infantry barrack and parade ground. LONG THE QUAYS, DUBLIN. — No Dubliner will fail to recognize the above sketch of the noble Quays along the lower course of the river Liffey, with distant views of the “Metal” and O’Connell bridges, and the splendid dome of the Custom House towering proudly above the adjoining structures. Usually a line of white letters, follows the arch of the Metal bridge and is an advertisement, a la R. J. Gunning & Co., of “Halloway’s Pills and Ointment,” which have done duty for all Irish ailments beyond “the memory of the oldest inhabitant.” The “ads” of the time-honored firm can, it is said, be found in the caves of the Antrim coast and on the peak of Mangerton, just as those of “Mrs. Winslow’s Sooth- ing Syrup” are to be found in the caverns of the Garden of the Gods and on the summit of Pike’s Peak. But our artist has omitted the “ad.” Down by O’Connell bridge, on Aston Quay, may be observed the western gable of the old Hibernian House, controlled by McBirney & Co. — formerly McBirney, Collis & Co. — a Marshall Field wholesale establishment of the Irish capital. The dear, familiar old Quays of Dublin! In looking upon them, the true Irishman feels himself borne back on the wings of love to the fair, but widowed, city, which of old possessed a national senate house — at once the cradle of genius and the tomb of liberty! Freedom, in Ireland, smiles at the name of Grattan and frowns at that of Castlereagh. Burgh Quay, on which stood O’Ccnnell’s “Conciliation Hall,” lies on the right bank of the Liffey, just beyond O’Connell bridge. TT/HE POTATO MARKET, DROGHEDA, — The foregoing characteristic sketch gives a faithful idea of the Potato Market at Drogheda, where the country people and town dealers Gj® meet to buy and sell the omnipresent “spuds” of Ireland. Some patriots claim that the Irish have had no luck since Sir Walter Raleigh, in the reign of Elizabeth, introduced the potato from the Colony of Virginia into Ireland. It has become so far naturalized in the Green Isle that Americans call the esculent “the Irish potato,” so as to distinguish it from the sweet bulb so common in this country. If the “pratie” were a reliable vegetable it would be much more popular in Ireland than it is at present. But it has “gone back on” the Irish rural popu- lation several times — notably in “the Black ’47” of fifty years since, when, “aided” by the neglect of the British government a million and a half of them died, because of the universal potato rot. This reads “awfully” but it is strictly true. Does Ireland raise nothing but potatoes ? Yes, the finest beef, mutton, pork and poultry in Christendom, but the landlords, supported by the English government, take almost all worth eating and sell it beyond the seas for their “rent.” Hence the people either starve or go on short rations. Observe in the picture, the potatoes heaped on the ground, the bags half open, for convenience sake, the rude scales, and the animated groups making their bargains. In Ireland, the “new potatoes” come in season on “Garlic Sunday,” the last Sunday in July. “THIRST DAY” KINGSTOWN REGATTA, CO. DUBLIN. — “Old Dunleary,” Gaelic, Dun-Laeghaire, “Leary’s Fort,” was socalled after that pagan King of Ireland, who, X® although himself a Druid and firm in his pagan belief, gave the apostle St. Patrick a hearing at the royal hill of Tara, and protected him in his sacred mission against the fury of the Druid priests. A huge, and ugly, obelisk covers the spot where George IV. of unblessed memory, left his last footprint, when leaving Ireland forever, in 1821 — an occasion on which the Irish flunkies, who expected royal favors, made a disgraceful exhibition of their slavishness — This worship of tyrants hath sunk thee below. The depths of thy deep in a deeper gulf still! Shout, drink, feast and flatter! O, Erin! how low Wert thou sunk by misfortune and misery till So wrote Liberty’s noble friend and brave champion. Lord Byron, when he read of Dublin, misrepresenting Ireland at the time, crawling on “all fours” to honor “the fourth of the fools and oppressors, called George.” To-day, however, Kingstown is Dublin’s most important suburb, and never appears to such good advantage as during Regatta Week, when the metropolis and the surrounding rural districts turn out en masse to witness the yachting in the splendid harbor. The picture represents a regatta crowd, on the “first day,” taking chances “along shore” and on the stony upland, that overlooks the water on which the graceful craft strive for the championship pennant. VIEW IN PHCENIX PARK.— When we consider that the renowned “Phoenix” is seven miles in circumference, and has a corresponding number of gates, it is not wonderful that it should possess so many, and such beautiful, points of attraction. Dublin is indebted to Charles II., England’s “Merry Monarch,” for the foundation of this noble pleasure ground. If he did nothing else for Ireland, he, at least, gave her capital one of the grandest popular resorts in the world, when, in 1662, he formed a deer park, “partly out of the lands of Kil- mainham, which had been surrendered to the crown on the suppression of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem, and partly from the purchase of neighboring townlands. ” The Lodge in the park, occupied by the Lord Lieutenant, when he does not reside in the Castle of Dublin, was built in 1751, by the Hon. Nathaniel Clements, ancestor of the notorious Earl of Leitrim, whose tragical death at the hands of unknown persons some years ago will be remembered; and was purchased from him by the Irish government in 1784. This, however, must not be confounded with the building shown in the background of the sketch, which is devoted to an entirely different purpose. In the picture we see happy groups of children — some accompanied by their parents — at the water’s edge, and the graceful figures of ladies promenading in the leafy shade. Near the group in the foreground may be observed a flock of ducks making bids for a banquet, and recalling the pet water fowl in our own beautiful public parks. 1 . |ENAGH TOWN HALL AND CASTLE, CO. TIPPERARY. — This enterprising town, situated on the small but rapid river of the same name — a tributary of the Shannon — de- rives its name from the Gaelic word N’Aenach (the Fair) and has been, for ages, a place of commercial importance, especially in the sense of inland trade. Its November Cattle Fair is celebrated all over Ireland, and buyers from Great Britain attend it in great numbers. The objects shown in the sketch are the portico of the Court House on the left, the Town Hall in the middle ground, and “Nenagh Round” — the Keep of the strong castle of the Bulters, Earls of Ormond, built in the time of King John — on the right. This fortress was battered by Cromwell’s son-in-law. General Ireton, in 1650-51; and, in 1691, after a vigorous and gallant defense by General Anthony O’Carroll, commonly called “Long Anthony,” who partially blew up the outer works, was abandoned to General Ginkel, on his memorable march from Aughrim and Galway to the final siege of Limerick. The Keep was “restored” by public spirited citizens in 1860-61, and the improvement can be readily noted in the picture. Nov. 1, 1861, an Irish-American sailor nailed the Stripes and Stars to the topmost point of the scaffolding, and the English garrison — not a man of whom could climb the dizzy height — were obliged to shoot it down by breaking the staff with their bullets. \ \|/HE CUSTOM HOUSE, DUBLIN. — Nothing so fills an Irishman of spirit with indignation, on visiting the widowed capital of his country, as to behold her grand public buildings almost deserted, and in some instances, falling into decay. One of the finest monuments of Irish architectural genius in the last century, is the Custom House, situated on Eden Quay, on the north bank of the Liffey. It was begun, after the design of James Gandon, in 1781 and was completed ten years later. The structure forms a quadrangle of 375 by 209 feet. It has four fronts of different design, and is “composed of pavilions at each end, joined by arcades and united in the centre.” The pavilions terminate with the arms of Ireland and the facades are embellished with exquisite taste. Many fine allegorical figures add to the beauty of the design. The dome, which is of majestic appearance, rises to a height of 125 feet, while a statue of Hope, 16 feet high, placed on a massive pedestal, and resting on an anchor, gives dramatic effect to the whole. Since the fatal “Union,” only a portion of the building is used for customs purposes. The remainder is devoted to the use of public departments, such as the Board of Works and the Poor Law Commission. (( NO AND BACCHUS,” DUBLIN MUSEUM. — One of the many fine creations of the gifted Irish sculptor, the late J. H. Foley, is the ideal group of “Ino and Bacchus” placed 'L' in the central court of the Dublin Science and Art Museum. The mythological story, briefly told, will enable the reader to comprehend the action of the characters represented in the model: Bacchus, the God of wine, was the son of Zeus, the Greek God of thunder and lightning, by Semele. The jealousy of the Goddess Hera, or Here — the Greek Juno — im- pelled her to counsel Semele to ask Zeus to visit her in his proper form. Zeus consented, and Semele was destroyed by the lightning which accompanied him. The child, Bacchus, was preserved by Zeus, who hid him on his person until he was properly matured, when he was consigned to the care of Ino, sister of Semele and wife of Athamas. The beautiful aunt cared for the helpless infant until, again, the fierce jealousy of' Hera made both Ino and her husband insane. Zeus, in order to save Bacchus from his amiable spouse’s fury, sent him into Thrace, where he was placed under charge of the Nymphs, and subsequently developed into the “Rosy God.” In the group, the fair aunt holds a bunch of grapes between her right hand thumb and forefinger, and the baby opens his mouth and holds up his little hands in anticipation of a lucious treat, where the bunch of fruit beside him seems about to be crushed by his chubby limbs. The full and lovely figure of the benevolent Ino is the ideal of perfect womanhood. [TREET IN BALLINASLOE, COUNTY GALWAY. — The sketch shows one of the chief streets of the pleasant and prosperous town of Ballinasloe, mainly situated on the county Galway bank of the river Suck, but with a handsome suburb on the Roscommon side of the stream. The Suck at this point divides itself into several branches, so that the highroad from Athlone to Galway City passes over a series of bridges and causeways for a distance of 500 yards. The magnificent demesne of Garbally — the seat of the Earl of Clancarty — is in the neighborhood of the town. This Earl’s family name is Trench, and he is said to be lineally descended from the artillery officer who shot down the Franco-Irish commander-in-chief, St. Ruth, at the battle of Aughrim. That famous field is only about four miles distant from Ballinasloe. After the fall of Athlone, through the over-confidence of St. Ruth, the Irish army retreated to Ballinasloe, and many of the officers proposed to defend the fords of the Suck against the Anglo- German-Dutch army, under De Ginkel. St. Ruth, however, told them he “had found a better place,” and so marched off his men to the hill of Kilcommodan, above Aughrim village, where he bravely fought and fell on Sunday, July 12. As he left no order of battle, having quarreled with Sarsfield, second in command, his death turned what would have been a splendid victory into a terrible defeat. Ballinasloe is celebrated for its great November fair. In Gaelic, it is called Bel-atha-na-sluaigheadh — the Mouth of the Ford of Hosts — indicating that it must have been a great muster-place from the earliest times. r . „ I ALLYSHANNON, COUNTY DONEGAL. — The historic town of Ballyshannon lies on the river Erne, which flows between Donegal and Fermanagh. In Gaelic it is called Bel- atha-Seanaigh — the Mouth of Seanach’s Ford. The inhabitants call it, in general, Ballyshanny, and Professor Joyce claims that the “on,” tacked to it in place of the “y,” is a com- paratively modern innovation. In Elizabethan days, it was the scene of frequent bloody conflicts between Red Hugh O’Donnell and Sir Conyers Clifford, in which the latter finally got worsted. The sketch shows the celebrated fall, called “the Salmon Leap,” on the Erne river, which has a width of nearly 500 feet, and, at high water, a fall of more than twenty. This fall is over perpendicular cliffs and the body of the stream below the cataract, unbroken by rocks, is clear, deep and extraordinarily rapid. Tradition says that the gallant Hugh Roe O’Don- nell once swam this dangerous current to attack the English garrison. The event is thus commemorated in the allegorical poem, “Dark Rosaleen” (Ireland) by James Clarence Mangan: Over hills and through dales have I roamed for your sake. All yesterday I sailed with sails on river and on lake! The Erne, at its highest flood, I dashed across unseen. For there was lightning in my blood, my Dark Rosaleen! Red lightning lightened through my blood, my Dark Rosaleen! as H 00 £ a.. 2* *■> o C/3 -a ■4-J *w CO 13-, Ph ’co CO o d) -Cl .s d) "73 03 6 i-, 03 a -4— • -4-* &0 C 4-» Crt 4—1 '% ^ K*p» 13 4-» H d> £ OS •c 03 txo * 1 I o3 M o .S> os d> d> I -G V O 4-» 4-» U H ,£3 cn G _CJ j— < d> l-S u -o o * g s . o o rj •n *\ o 2 O 73 « 'o o CO IS 1 ° a ^ G co CJ 03 d) 03 > ^ £ *5 ^ 8 -f! SECTION V. 1. Malahide Castle, County Dublin. 2. Kinsale, County Cork. 3. Kilkenny and Ballybraek, County Dublin. 4. Fermoy, County Cork. 5. Roundstone, County Galway. 6. Corraele on River Boyne. 7. Clew Bay, County Mayo. 8. Deer in Phoenix Park. 9. Moville, County Donegal. 10. View of Athenry, County Galway. 11. Ardara, County Donegal. 12. Bray Head, County Wicklow. 13. Cave Hill, County Antrim. 14. Altar, Catholie Cathedral, Dublin. 15. Interior Sacred Heart Church, Limerick. 16. O’Connell Monument, Dublin. 17. Parnell’s Memorial Car. 18. A Glimpse of Clonmaenois, King’s County. 19. Town of Sligo. 20. Chapel Izod, County Dublin. 21. A Street in Queenstown, County Cork. 22. Scene on the River Lee, County Cork. 23. A Section of Eyre Square, Galway. 24. Portia w, County Waterford. 25. Dunluee Castle, County Antrim. 26. Turlough Round Tower, County Mayo. 27. Gap of Dunloe, County Kerry. 28. The Library, Maynooth College; 29. Bank of Ireland, formerly Parliament House, Dublin. 30. A View of Dalkey Harbor, County Dublin. 31. Railroad Bridge, Drogheda. 32. Cathedral of Monaghan. V . ,7 ' -,7 . i l c- iiC/; ; v . v ■ j . a . ■ ■ : • q • ■ »•> * C* !• > , ; 7 , 0 i .nil ' ■ ' : ifjc qsrt . 3 • ; 0 ' . 7 h .:hoO VTfIUQ0 .09 J TOViOI 0:1 r f-o 7):A7 . ■ : ■ >2 3 ■ • . AAohetxA V v lr no;.’ / - ; i -> r .83 1^1 i y 4 a i V r ' 1 * f ^ - L • ■ i c\ • * f rr •' r ; rv r p T' ■ * ' p \ 1 • * : * J .J c: - joH fro . ■ ■ . . OfiVBM i. - i * x A 8 .88 t 93UOH :}n$!Tf3i : A" . J AulUCi .niiCfuG v niuoO ' r T r / •; • r » ■ ■■ Q - • 77. : ... ■ ■ 1 777 7-1 . 77 9 r : ■ . 9.1 8:; ' . H -• 7 • *■<. - * l i- • i 1 v 3 » 1 3 o i i ' ) . i L J 77;, .7 • r r . m louu. vAu/oO 7777770 7 • • .r . . r .* ■ ni . ■■■ i _ ./■A A n uoO ' \ ■ i. y, _-,L it »-s '7 A il 77../ ,A 7:.7d Vi A 7.i On a v . . . . 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The Talbots, like their neighbors, the St. Lawrences of Howth, have managed to hold on to their possessions around Dublin since a. d. 1172, when Henry II. of England “granted,” by right of the strong hand, the lordship of Malahide to one Richard Talbot, brother of Sir Geoffrey, of that ilk, who had performed important service in England for Henry’s mother, the remorseless Empress Maud. The castle, shown in the picture, preserves the character- istics of the Plantagenet period, although it has been many times added to and otherwise “improved.” The front, with its castellated towers and ivy-clad buttresses, is of imposing charac- ter, and strongly recalls to the beholder the splendid days of chivalry, when the Talbots, especially during the long minority of Henry VI., distinguished themselves in the great French wars. Thomas Talbot took the side of Charles I. in 1642, and Cromwell proclaimed him an outlaw. The castle was bestowed by the great usurper on Myles Corbett, the regicide, but Charles II. subsequently restored it to the Talbot family. ^INSALE, CO. CORK. — There are few places in Ireland associated with more mournful memories than the above olden town, situated at the head of its land-locked harbor, where the L SL Bandon river expands to an estuary. It is connected by rail with Cork, which is only fourteen miles distant. The harbor is two miles long by half a mile wide and is capable of accommodating about 300 ships. The name is derived from the Gaelic Ceannsaile — signifying the “Head of the Tide,” or brine. It is a fishing station of considerable importance and has a population estimated at 5,000 souls. Sir John de Courcy founded a castle at the old Head of Kinsale — a short distance from the town — in the twelfth century. Several naval battles, between the English and French or Spaniards, have been fought in the bay. It is memorable, also, as the landing place of the Spaniards, under Don Juan Aquila, in 1601. On Christmas eve of that year the combined forces of Hugh O’Neill and Hugh O’Donnell, while endeavoring to surprise the English beleaguring force, under the Earl of Mountjoy, were themselves surprised and disastrously routed — the first great battle lost by the Irish army in the nine years’ war following “the rebellion of the Earls.” It was the most complete of Ireland’s defeats in the field, and led to her final subjugation by Elizabeth. In 1689 Kinsale was seized and garrisoned by French and Irish troops, and James II. landed there when he came from France to Ireland. It was besieged and taken in the following year by Gen. John Churchill, subsequently the Great Duke of Marlborough. ^ILLINEY AND BALLYBRACK, CO. DUBLIN. — Killiney and Ballybrack are suburbs of Dublin and lie along its noble bay at the feet of picturesque eminences. The former IHL town takes its name from an ancient church, called in Gaelic Cill-Inghen-Leinin (the church of Leinin’s daughters) while Ballybrack, derived from the Gaelic also, means “speckled town.” Although the church at Killiney lacks a roof, it is otherwise in a good state of preservation. The village itself has nothing of a particularly striking character to recommend it, but the slopes above it are crowded with pretty villas, from which the grand sweep of “the Bay” can be clearly seen. Ballybrack adjoins Killiney, and nestles at the foot of the third summit of Killiney Hill. Michael Davitt, the celebrated Irish Land League leader and agitator, was a resident of Ballybrack for several years, and dispensed true Irish hospitality to all comers at “Home Rule Cottage,” as his house was designated by the Dublin friends and admirers who presented it to him after his release from a long term of imprisonment, incurred because of his devotion to the cause of the people. Professional obligations compel Mr. Davitt to reside mostly in London, with his wife and children, but he still loves Ballybrack “and the sky over it.” [ERMOY, COUNTY CORK. — The fine town of Fermoy, in the eastern portion of the county Cork, stands chiefly on the right bank of the Munster Blackwater, nineteen miles north- east from Cork city. In the Gaelic tongue, according to Professor Joyce, it is called Feara-muighe-Feine, shortened, according to O’Heevin, to Feara-Mueghe — -“the Men of the Plain,” and anglicized “Fermoy.” Its most conspicuous relic of the past is the Cistercian Abbey, founded in the twelfth century, and now a ruin. In this town Sir John Anderson first introduced mail coaches, about a hundred years ago. They proved a great success and “made his fortune.” These coaches found popular rivals subsequently in “Bianconi’s Cars,” — which flourished in the palmy days of O’Connell, before the railroads made, practically, an end of coaches and “long cars.” A fine mountain chain rises from the river bank on the south side of Fermoy, the highest peak being that of Knock-an-sceach — “Whitethorn Hill.” It has an elevation of nearly 1,400 feet. The town is handsomely built and well laid out. The solid stone bridge, shown in the picture, has thirteen arches, and was built in 1689 — the year before the battle of the Boyne. It is still in an excellent state of preservation, having been, of course, frequently repaired. Fermoy contains a Catholic episcopal residence, a Catholic College, two Convents and Christian Brothers’ and National Schools. The population is estimated at 6,500. The military barracks accommodate an English garrison of 3,000 men, horse and foot. f OUNDSTONE, CO. GALWAY . — The above modern town, founded about the beginning of this century by the Martins of Ballinahinch — so noted in the late Sir Bernard Burke’s “Vicissitudes of Families” — is situated in far famed Connemara — Gaelic, according to Dugan, Conmicne-mara, the Sea Side — almost at the foot of the mountain of Errisbeg, and on the coast road leading from Ballinahinch to Clifden. It is an inconsiderable village of less than five hundred inhabitants, but possesses a pier and quay, generally devoted to the fishing in- dustry. It has hotel accommodations for tourists, and is noted for its excellent sea-bathing facilities. Many people claim that it is the most beneficial resort for invalids on the Connemara shore line, because it is well sheltered by the hills which rise behind it. Of these the most considerable is Errisbeg, which has an altitude of nearly a thousand feet and gives a commanding view to the mountain-climber of the surrounding land and sea. Roundstone gives its name to the small bay which opens up to it from the ocean. The hills in the vicinity are renowned for the production of rare plants, and, on this account, they are much frequented by botanists. At no point in Connemara is the coast line more indented than in the vicinity of Roundstone, and the little bays due to this peculiar formation are almost countless. It is a kind of a wonder land, having something of the rugged wilderness of Norway in its outline. 'RAN tX “Ford of the Kings,” in the county Galway. Ages ago, it was the most important place in Connaught. At one time, it contained a royal residence. The Anglo-Normans gained possession of it early in the thirteenth century, and, in the beginning of the fourteenth, it was strongly fortified by the invaders. Some of the massive walls still remain. When Edward Bruce became King of Ireland, by election, young Phelim O’ Conor — head of the royal house of Connaught — forsook his enforced ally, De Burgh, and marched, with a large army, to re- duce Athenry. The Anglo-Normans, under William De Burgh and John De Bermingham — two of the ablest generals of that age — sallied forth to meet O’Conor. The two armies en- countered each other near the town, and then was fought one of the bloodiest of battles. Phelim, twenty -eight princes of his house and 10,000 clansmen died upon the field. The Anglo- Normans, who, unlike the Irish, were clad in armor, also suffered severely. This great conflict occurred on Aug. 10, 1316. Aubrey De Vere regarded “Athunree” as Ireland’s most fatal defeat — it virtually destroyed the hopes of Bruce — and laments it thus: Athunree! Athunree! the heart of Erin burst on thee! Since that hour some unseen hand on her forehead stamps the brand: Truth and honor died Her children ate that hour the fruit that slays manhood at the root; Our warriors are not what they were, our maids no longer blithe and fair; with thee, Athunree! RDARA, COUNTY DONEGAL. — The village represented above is situated in the southwestern portion of county Donegal, on the northern bank of the Oweniocker river, near where it falls into Loughrossmore Bay. It obtains its name from a rath which stands on an eminence in the neighborhood of the village. This elevation was called in Gaelic Ard- a’-raith — the Height of the Rath. The peninsula of Loughross, near the base of which stands Ardara, is bounded north and south by the bays of its own name, called respectively “more” or “big” and “beg” or “small.” On this peninsula stands the little town of Cloughboy, which means, in Irish, “Yellowstone” — the accepted Gaelic orthography being Cloch-buidhe (bwee). Thus it will be seen that the Yellowstone park and river, like Baltimore, had namesakes in the Green Isle long before Columbus landed at San Salvador. Ardara is an inconsider- able village, devoted mainly to fishing, farming and attending to the wants of tourists, who frequently visit that remote coast in search of novelty and retirement. From a hygienic stand- point, few places are superior to Ardara, and the scenery, in clear weather, is varied and delightful. The place has 500 people, all of whom, whether rich, poor or “betwixt and between,” seem happy and, consequently, contented. Ardara will never become a great seaport, or “entrepot of the world’s commerce,” but, no doubt possesses lighter hearts than cities whose har- bors “float the Ships of all nations.” I RAY HEAD, COUNTY WICKLOW. — The striking headland shown in the foregoing picture, is one of the most prominent natural objects on the eastern coast of Ireland, and rises - J 800 feet above the waves of the Irish sea, which roar at its base with thunderous voice. The summit is approached by a driveway, shady and winding, and, when the apex is reached, the traveller is amply rewarded for his pains. Not alone is the splendidly varied mountain scenery of Wicklow and Dublin counties plainly visible, but, on a clear day, the rugged peaks of Wales can be discerned, rising like dark blue clouds on the eastern horizon. It was from those peaks that Fitzstephen and Strongbow first beheld Irish soil and were tempted to its conquest. The magnificent Elizabethan residence of Lord Meath is situated near the base of the Head, and shows to advantage along the slope of the lower Sugar Loaf mountain, which, in Gaelic parlance, now almost forgotten in Wicklow, anciently bore a much more heroic and romantic name. One of the main charms of the view from the summit of Bray Head is the constant change of shapes and coloring, as the observer turns his eye toward the different points of the compass. In this effect, the changeful Irish sky greatly aids the tourist. ^aanrrgt»a l.NKLMCC.emCAGO fTTAVE HILL, CO. ANTRIM. — The above noted eminence, anciently called in Gaelic, Ben Madaghan — by some translated “the Dog’s Head mountain” — derives its more modern description from three caves formed by the hand of nature in the face of the almost vertical cliff. The two lowest down are of small extent, but are easy of access, while that highest up is only to be reached at great peril of life and limb. This one is of imposing dimensions. The hill rises into air some I 200 feet, about two miles northwest of Belfast, overlooking the sea. McArt’s Fort — once held against Elizabeth’s generals by one of the bravest of the brave O’Neills — now in ruins, crowns the apex of the mountain, and from it can be obtained a splen- did view of the adjacent headlands of Down and Antrim, with distant visions of Scotland and the Isle of Man in clear weather. If the observer turns for a moment from the fascinating sea view, the interior of picturesque Ulster lies, virtually, beneath his gaze. It was in McArt’s Fort, June 11, 1795, that the celebrated Theobald Wolfe Tone, in company with his friends Russell, Neilson, Simms and McCracken — all Protestant Irishmen — “took a solemn obligation never to desist in their efforts until they had subverted the authority of England over their country, and asserted her independence.” Of this brave band. Tone and McCracken died for Ireland in 1798 and Russell in 1803. The others were exiled by the British govern- ment. f LTAR, CATHOLIC CATHEDRAL, DUBLIN. — The superb altar of the Cathedral of St. Mary, or the Conception, generally called the pro-Cathedral, situated in Marlborough street, is depicted in this sketch. It stands somewhat distant from the wall of the edifice, is constructed of dazzling white marble, and is the production of the great Italian artist, Turnerelli, by some said to have been a Dublin man who took up his residence in Italy and, for the sake of euphony, had “elli” attached to his original patronymic. This story, however, is open to considerable doubt. The grand altar is situated in the apse at the western end of the cathedral. It is enclosed by a handsome circular railing. Excellent statues of Archbishop Murray and Cardinal Cullen, by Farrell, further beautify the vicinity of the altar. Several interesting monuments are to be seen in the side aisles, and there are sub-altars in the ambulatory of the edifice. The cathedral dates from 1816—25, and was built on the site of Annesley House. Strangely enough, the design of an amateur and, until then, unknown artist, residing in Paris, was accepted by the projectors of the structure, who, in their appeal to the people for funds, said: “There will soon be presented to the traveller’s eye a specimen of architectural elegance that will illustrate the artistic taste of the Irish people.” And they were right. f NTERIOR SACRED HEART CHURCH, LIMERICK. — This view shows the interior of the Catholic Church of the Sacred Heart in Limerick city. It is a comparatively modern structure but is very handsomely designed and elaborately finished. The frescoing is particularly artistic, and many of the sacred pictures show traces of the Latin master hands. It is doubtful if even Spain has been, or is, more devoted to church building than Ireland. From the earliest ages the Island of Saints has held her own in the matter of erecting splendid temples for divine worship. Even in the black pagan times, when only the beacons of the Fire-worshippers made visible the darkness of her spiritual understanding, Ireland, by forest, rock and ri'\.r, erected her cromleachs, or Druid altars, under the blue canopy of the sky, for her rites and her sacrifices. It needed only the magical voice of St. Patrick to change this pagan fatuity to Christian devotion, and now, for fourteen centuries, Ireland has been a land of churches. When the cruel penal laws deprived Catholics of the holy edifices erected by their pious fore- fathers, they rushed to the mountain summit, or descended into the ocean cave, attended by their faithful clergy, to assist at the sacrifice of the mass. This, too, in defiance of death and danger, for often, in those bloodv davs, priest and people perished beneath the sabres of the foreign soldiery. 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U OS p OS u I LARNE Y CASTLE, COUNTY CORK. — This castle, if neither the finest nor the most ancient, is, nevertheless, the most celebrated of ruined Irish fortresses, because of the alleged miraculously persuasive qualities of its world-renowned “stone,” which “whoever kisses, never misses to grow eloquent.” About all that now remains of the once extensive castle, which was built by Cormac McCarthy, Lord of Muskerry, in the middle of the fifteenth century, is the “donjon keep,” which rises to an altitude of one hundred and twenty feet, is of square configuration and has walls of great thickness. In ancient times, before the era of villainous salt-petre and cannon balls, it must have been a hopeless place on which to attempt an assault. Although there has been somewhat serious controversy relative to the identity of the “true Blarney Stone,” it is now generally conceded that it forms part of the face of the tower wall, several feet below the parapet, and bears the date of erection, a. d. 1446, and an almost illegible inscription in Latin. It is now secured in the wall by an iron clamp, as it was knocked out of place by a cannon ball during Lord Broghill’s siege of the castle, in 1643. None but the agile and the reckless can kiss the “true Blarney Stone.” All others satisfy them- selves with a substitute placed so conveniently that the osculator’s neck is not imperilled. OWRAN ABBEY, CO. KILKENNY. — The partially restored ruin which appears in the sketch is that of Gowran Abbey, situated in the town of that name, which lies on a branch of the Great Southern and Western railway, connecting the city of Kilkenny with Bagnallstown in the neighboring county of Kildare. It is a curious, but can hardly be called an imposing specimen of the Norman-Gothic style of church architecture, and its low, square, battlemented tower and massive walls give it a somewhat stunted look. It fact, it has a great deal the appearance of some of those old Spanish “Missions,” to be found in Texas and the two Mexicos — half church, half fortress. Lying within the oft-raided territory of the English Pale, it suffered the vicissitudes of all such edifices during the long and ruthless wars between the Saxon, or, more properly, the Norman, and the Gael. During the “Reformation” period it was subjected to ruin, but again revived under the fostering sway of the Catholic Confederation, which preceded the cyclonic path of the conquering and remorseless Cromwell. After that great scourge of Ireland swept by it, the abbey was again but a remnant and remained so for many weary years. Pious hands, enabled to work for the glory of God under less savage laws, finally renovated and restored it, so that it is once more a place of Catholic worship. ;OTEL PARK, QUEENSTOWN, CO. CORK . — All flunkies are disgusting but none more so than the Irish specimen of that ignoble tribe. He is a living libel on an impetuous L^l and high-spirited race that, whatever its temperamental faults — the common heritage of humanity — has never, as a body, forgotten its self-respect. Were the ruler of Great Britain and Ireland, even ordinarily friendly to the latter country, there might be some weak excuse for outward manifestations of self-interested “loyalty,” but it is notorious that Queen Victoria is positively antagonistic to Ireland and the Irish. Yet, in Dublin and other Irish cities, it is not unusual to see such signs over shops, as “William Jenkins, chiropodist-extraordinary to the Queen;” “John Jones, chimney sweeper, by special appointment, to her Majesty” and other trade legends equally exaggerated and absurd. The Queen of England, in all probability, never “darkened the doors” of the “Queen’s Hotel” at Queenstown — the pretty park of which, overlooking the harbor, is shown in the picture. But the poor old “Cove of Cork” had an epidemic of flunkyism fifty years ago, when it changed its name, not for the better, and its whole career has been colored by Victoria’s flying visit before she became “the widow” of Rudyard Kipling’s barrack room tales and songs. “The Queen’s” is, however, the leading hostelry of Queenstown, and is much patronized by American travellers. Its situation is simply delightful, and it commands a splendid view of Ireland’s most noted seaport. ; VTtHE WELLINGTON TESTIMONIAL, PHCENIX PARK. — This ponderous shaft is the most striking feature among the monuments of Dublin’s spacious pleasure ground. The obelisk is constructed of Wicklow granite, and the bronze panels in the column, which is approached by flights of stone steps, are composed of the molten metal of cannon captured during Wellington’s immortal campaigns. These bear, besides representations of many famous scenes of conflict, the names of his numerous splendid victories. The total height of the monument is 205 feet, and the general effect is massive and angular — like the character of the “Iron Duke” — rather than symmetrical and graceful. It was built as the result of “popular subscription” — mainly confined to the “nobility and gentry” — in 1817, while yet the glory of Waterloo was fresh in the public mind. Dublin claims the Duke as her son — fixing his birthplace in Upper Merrion Street, instead of at Dangan Castle, county Meath, which long held undivided claim to that distinction. The Duke, whose greatness seemed to terminate with the battlefield, was an inveterate Tory, and never called himself an Irishman, although his family, on both sides, had been settled in Ireland tor centuries before his birth, in 1769. Conse- quently, his memory is not revered by a majority of his fellow-countrymen, who, however, respect his martial record. )ETURNING FROM GAMES, BALLINASLOE, CO. GALWAY. — The artist, in the foregoing picture, has sketched the play ground in the old town of Ballinasloe, where the young men and bovs engage in match games of hurling and foot ball once or twice a week in the season of outdoor athletic sports. The people are quitting the field, the games hav- ing already terminated. On the right of the picture appear the tower and spire of two churches, the one toward the centre situated on an eminence and visible at a great distance through- out the surrounding country. The long, low structure on the left is the Agricultural building, or hall, well known to all visitors during the stirring period of the annual October fair — one of the greatest in Europe. The play ground is one of the most commodious in the island. Hurling, not foot ball, is Ireland’s national game, and has existed from the earliest times. It is a splendid, martial game, dangerous to life and limb, when fiercely, or carelessly, played, but no exercise is better calculated to develop the human frame and make men active and dar- ing. Before the great famine of 1846-50, hurling was passionately pursued bv the young men of Ireland, but more particularly by those of Munster and Connaught. It is played with curved sticks, called “hurlies,” the “boss” of the bat, or “hurlv” being flattened at the sides, and the handle reaching to the hip of the player. The ball is of hard leather, and some- what larger than that used by base ball players. “Twenty-one to a side” was the old number, but now, we believe, the game is generally played with less men. TEW OF BELLEEK, CO. FERMANAGH. — The beautiful “Belleek ware,” which charms the eyes and warms the hearts of thousands of American housewives, comes from the teJt charming little town situated in the county Fermanagh, on the lower expanse of Lough Erne, where it forms a fall over a ledge of rock fourteen feet in height. As the fame of Belleek is widely established in this country, it may not be uninteresting to state that the name is derived from the Gaelic Bil-leice, which signifies “the Ford-mouth of the Flag-stone;” and is so called, says Dr. Joyce, “from the flat surfaced rock in the ford, which, when the water decreases in summer, appears as level as a marble floor.” The famous china factory stands near the picturesque rapids, and a portion of the water power is skilfully utilized for the purposes of manufacture. The people of Fermanagh, and of all Ireland, have a good right to be proud of the place Belleek china has won in the markets of the world. Apart from its commercial importance, Belleek has a most delightful situation on “the Irish Windermere,” and nowhere in all Ireland can better salmon fishing be found. The beauties of Lough Erne have been the theme of many an Irish bard, but it is only of late that English and Scotch tourists have begun to recognize them. Sir Joseph Paxton, an English traveller, pronounced the Falls of Belleek to be “the most picturesque he had ever seen.” But, after all, Belleek is more celebrated for its “crockery ware” than its scenery. OWTH VILLAGE AND IRELAND’S EYE, CO. DUBLIN. — The foregoing is a sketch of the small village of Howth, with its rather straggling formation and humble dwellings. Beyond it, rising boldly from the waters of Dublin Bay, on which the hamlet is situated, is the small spot of rocky island known popularly as Ireland’s Eye. Howth which, until recently, used to be a mere fisher folks’ village is now quite popular as a resort for sea-bathers and other seekers after health or pleasure. The island bore, in ancient times, the name of Innis-mac-Nessan — the Island of the Sons of Nessan. Antiquaries say that the name it now bears comes from the Norse, or Danish, tongue, in which “Ey” means island. Hence, Prof. Addey claims, all places having the termination of “ey” in their names, as Lambey, Anglesey, Jersey, and so on, were once inhabited by the hardy sons of Denmark and Norway, who circled with fire and sword the shores of Britain and Ireland from the eighth to the eleventh century. It was almost under the shadow of the Hill of Howth, and in sight of Ireland’s Eye, that thev met their final overthrow, at Irish hands, in 1014. It seems a long time ago, and a great many bigger battles have been fought since then, including Hastings, Agincourt and Waterloo, but Clontarf is still as well remembered in Ireland as if it had been fought in our own day. PTLENMALURE, CO. WICKLOW. — In the stormy days of fierce Queen Bess, and long anterior to her reign, Glenmalure, said to mean, but on somewhat doubtful authority, “Glen of Rich Ores,” was part of the patrimony and the chosen residence of the brave Clan O’ Byrne, whose chief, Fiach McHugh, inflicted a terrible defeat on the English in the neigh- boring valley of Glendalough, a. d. 1580. It is the finest of all the Wicklow glens and above it towers the grandest peak in that splendid region, Lugnaquilla, which attains an altitude of 3,039 feet and is the highest mountain in the “shire.” From its summit, in clear weather, m >st parts of the counties of Wexford, Kilkenny, Kildare, Carlow, Meath, Westmeath and Tipperary can be seen. In 1 798, this glen was the chosen fortress of Michael Dwyer, the insurgent “outlaw,” who was a kind of Irish “Rob Roy,” minus the cow-stealing propensities of that famous Scot. Dwyer was really a man of great military talent, and held his own in the Wicklow hills from the “year of the rebellion,” until after Emmet’s “rising” failure and death, in 1803 — five long years. In the end, he compelled the government to make terms with him, and he went into exile “beyond the seas.” His adventures were romantically heroic, but can- not be dwelt on here. It was his resistance that compelled the English to build the military road that runs through the glen along the Avonbeg’s winding course. The old barracks at DrumgofF were built to hold him in check, but even the active Scotch Highlanders, employed to hunt him down, were no match for this glorious peasant-soldier. air. I ALLYCASTLE, (UPPER TOWN), CO. ANTRIM. — Antrim possesses a number ot dean, well-built small towns, peculiar to that section of Ulster. They have a modern and, were it not for the difference in architecture and building material, might easily pass for hamlets in busy New England. Ballycastle, shown above, is situated on the sea shore, not far from Fair Head. Above it rises the Hill of Knocklayd which has an altitude of about 1,700 feet and commands a noble and extensive view. The sketch, however, deals more with the village itself than with its surroundings. The name signifies the Town of the Castle, so called because a former Earl of Antrim built here a kind of fortress in the early part of the reign of James I. The castle has vanished from human ken, and on its site has been erected a handsome Episcopal church. The place is divided into two parts — the upper and the lower town. These are connected by a finely arbored avenue. The upper town will be recognized in the picture, but the lower town, or quay, lies chiefly along shore. In the neighborhood of Bally- castle there exists the largest coal bed, perhaps, in the northern province of Ireland. That it is not better worked, and developed, is one of the mysteries of Irish economics. The princi- pal cause of inactivity is said to be that English coal can be imported for less money than it would take to work the Irish fields. It is the result, Irish economists claim, ol the absence of an embargo on British products. r T. ALPHONSUS’ CHURCH, LIMERICK. — The artistic Catholic Church, whose interior is depicted above, was built for the Redemptorist Fathers in 1862, and is one of the largest religious edifices in a city remarkable for the number, beauty and capaciousness of its temples of divine worship. Arcnitectural critics find fault with the rows of pillars which, while they add to the impressiveness, take away much in the way of light and sound from the superb body of the church. There are found architects, however, who maintain the entire correctness of the pillars, because they give more of what a writer has called “the true cathedral gloom” to the fine interior. All students of church building know that the original idea was borrowed from nature. The early Christian worshippers, hunted and persecuted bv Pagans all over Europe, sought the depths of the forests lor immunity from impious, and murderous, interruption in their devotipns. Nothing, as Emerson says, so truly recalls the primeval forest as the dark and solemn arches of a great cathedral, with its lofty apse and windows illuminated, yet shaded, by stained glass, of artistic design. No church in Ireland carries out this fine idea more faithfully than the exquisite edifice whose graceful interior is so strikingly presented in the sketch. mu - 4 • : ilftni . a ' M /HE PORTLESTER TOMB, DUBLIN. — The crumbling ruins of the venerable St. Audeon’s (St. Owen’s) Church — the oldest, it is said, of all churches in Dublin — stand on the '- 11 ® south side of the LifFey. Parallel to them is situated the Mortuary Chapel of Rowland Fitz-Eustace, Lord Portlester, which is beautiful even in decay. Fitz-Eustace was an off-shoot of the Fitzgeralds. Four branches of his family were ennobled, but all have become extinct, although an humble farmer in Kildare claims direct descent from one of them. Tradition says that the Baron Portlester, who founded this chapel, fought in France under John, Duke of Bedford, brother of King Henry V., the victor of Agincourt. He married the Lady Margaret de Jenico, connected with the ancient House of Artois, and was Lord Chancellor and Treasurer of Ireland in 1452. The sarcophagus, shown in the sketch, is surmounted by two figures in alto-relievo — the effigies of Baron Portlester and his French consort. The Baron is clad in a full suit of armor and the lady in the ancient English garb of the fifteenth century. Both are well preserved, although the inscription on the marble curb of the sarcophagus is rather illegible. The daughter of this couple. Lady Allison, became the wife of Gerald, 8th Earl of Kil- dare, and died of grief because of her husband’s imprisonment in London Tower. The other tomb shown in the picture is supposed to be that of a bishop of the church. T EENANE, CO. GALWAY. — The hamlet of Leenane lies at the head of the Great Killery Harbor, in renowned Connemara, and, although so small a place, is surrounded by some of the most striking scenery on the planet. Dr. Joyce Sc.ys that the present name of the bay (Killery) is a misnomer, both in English and Irish, and that, according to the Four Masters, its proper designation would be Caolshaile-ruadh, meaning “the Reddish Narrow Inlet of the Sea,” which exactly describes the character of the place. At the setting of the sun, in particular, the waters of Killery Bay gleam like ruddy, molten gold in a setting of mammoth mountains, the heather-clad crests of which change from brown to green and from green to richest purple, according to the season. In all of sublime Connemara — a region that will some day rival Switzerland and the Tyrol in point of attraction for tourists —there is not a more delightful resting place than the hamlet of Leenane. It now possesses good hotel accommodation, and most travellers linger in the neighborhood beyond the usual period, powerfully attracted by the splendor and changefulness of the scenery. As a fishing resort the neighborhood has few rivals. The harbor itself and numerous streams and lakelets furnish every variety of “game” fish known to the angler, including the far-famed “Gilleroo trout,” by many sportsmen preferred to the royal salmon itself. ! RIDGE OF BUNCRANA, CO. DONEGAL. — The strong bridge pictured ,n the sketch spans the river Crana, near the town of Buncrana, which stands on the east shore of Lough Swilly, into which the stream empties. The Crana is dear to all anglers as the home of the very finest species of brook trout. Bun, in Gaelic, means the end, or mouth, of a river, more properly the former, and thus the village gets its name. It has a fine beach, and is a favorite resort of lady “golfers,” whose “links” are there situated. Those of the gentlemen are about a mile distant, at a place called Lisfannon, which is also well supplied with fish-full streams. Buncrana is a favorite sea-bathing point, and the locality is celebrated for the number, and beauty, of its “pleasure drives.” The most noted of these are the drive to the Gap of Mamore, to the loughs and highlands of Mintiagh, to the fort and light house at Dunree Head and to many other places equally attractive. Lough Swilly, which feels the tidal influence strongly, is a large and picturesque sheet of water, and has been the theatre of many naval conflicts. The most famous was that of October 1 1, 1798, in which the English admiral, Warren, defeated the French admiral, Bompart, after a most gallant resistance. Among the prisoners taken was Theobald Wolfe Tone, whose identy was betrayed by a former college friend. Sir George Hill, then a magistrate and a rank Tory. CJ RECO-ROMAN STATUARY, DUBLIN. — The fine array of statuary represented above graces the great hall of the National Gallery of Ire and, and is the most striking in that LIT splendid collection of the classical creations of the Greco-Roman school of sculptors. The group on the left of the picture is modeled after the original in Grechetto marble, discov- ered in the ruins of the palace of Titus at Rome, a. d. i 506. The legend is that Laocoon, son of Priam, and priest of Apollo, had discovered and denounced the stratagem of the Greeks in inventing the mammoth wooden horse as a means of surreptitiously introducing a body of Grecian soldiers within the well-defended walls of Troy. The gods, it would appear, were resolved that Troy should be taken and, therefore, grew angry at the intervention of Laocoon. Consequently they sent a plague of serpents to destroy him and his house. It will readily be seen by observing the group that the hero and his two sons are having a death struggle with the reptiles. It is believed that the original group was the work of three Rhodian sculptors. That it is genuine is attested by the writings of Pliny, who beheld it in the palace of Titus at the beginning of the Christian era. Apart from a few restorations, the group remains as it was originally formed. The other statues shown in the sketch are a Diana, Jason, a Rondinini Faun, an Apollo and a Mercury. The recognized names of some of the statues vary. Lord Cloncuorry presented the Laocoon group to the gallery. k'jjjifag*. “I OVE’S YOUNG DREAM,” IN PHCENIX PARK. — In looking at the foregoing sketch, one might easily imagine himseli in one of the pleasure grounds of the beautiful City or Mexico. Here we have rocks and tropical vegetation in abundance. The Yucca — a plant common in Aztec land — seems to grow generously in the genial shade of the Irish forest trees. The young man seated on the picturesque pile of rocks in the middle foreground, seems to be of poetical temperament, and sits in an attitude suggestive of the composition of “a ballad made to his mistress’ eyebrow.” It is evidently his first passion, and first passions, when their victims are absent from the objects that create them, demand romantic solitude. Where can the lover more naturally indulge this harmless propensity than in exquisite Phoeni^ Park, which might well be dedicated to Cupid himself? New hope may bloom, and days may come Of milder, calmer beam — But there’s nothing half so sweet in life As love’s young dream! Oh, there’s nothing half so sweet in life As love’s young dream! rt 1 E 03 O -r rs c ao- ■ ^ Go3 ^ rruoD nv.\ : : .;oT: /;i IsnoUfiM rial'll t IfgH juy.Vrl . j'Q nifcfuti ,a'5ioi £ iiB c ? .12 .m • ■ . i i i ■ i . ilKii . . ^ Jt ; . •' .lapenoG Y^nuc Jeq;:n!j pee ^ ; reCI M\ ; r> • * | i RB e fsao> : ] vnrfrf A. pVfrm^vvT ; - 'o ; • : - - . an i . ^U3 -r: yparroa ytm/cb ,\a^n rciO > K\ . Q 2 o = .W : .'/•.;vi9qqxT .^eJcfA a : rfceSdfc ?3 : ?<- Y \ ' IT riLENDALOUGH, CO. GALWAY . — It is doubtful whether in the matter of natural features the Glendalough of the county Wicklow excels its Connemara namesake, a view of which yJ is presented above. Of course the Glendalough of St. Kevin has the advantage of romantic tradition, and the ruins of its seven churches attest its monastic magnificence in early times. The Glendalough now under notice is renowned for the sublimity of its mountain scenery, the clearness and depth of the waters of its lakes and rivers, and the richness of its un- rivalled fisheries. It is one grand link in a chain of tourists’ resorts, and is comprehended in the Ballinahinch system, including the lake and river of that name. Lough Inagh and Derry- dare. Salmon and Gilleroo trout are found in abundance in all these teeming waters. Spurs of the majestic Twelve Pins, the Mamturk range and Lissoughter hill give the lover of the pictur- esque in nature full opportunity to indulge his enthusiasm. It is questionable whether the Scottish highlands — magnificent as they are — equal this portion of the wonderland of Connemara — ■Ireland’s Tyrol. Bencorr, the loftiest mountain in the neighborhood, has an altitude of 2,336 feet, and rises sheer from the plain, only 70 feet above sea level, so that little of its true height is lost to the admiring beholder. Its cliffs and crags, where the golden eagle dwells among the clouds, are not unworthy of the Tyrolean Alps. r HE MARKET DONKEY, DROGHEDA, CO. LOUTH. — The Irish housewife, of thrifty habit, by no means disdains the humble donkey, which can live and thrive where a horse might starve, or at least become an eligible candidate for the bone yard or glue factory. Market day in an Irish town is a period of shrewd bargains. Nobody ever knew an Irish marketer, male or female, to have a single price. The policy is to put everything up as high as possible, and gradually come down in demand until a compromise, followed by a sale, is effected. On market day, then, the cart, hauled by a donkey, is loaded by the Vanithee — woman of the house — with butter, eggs, bacon, potatoes and, occasionally, poultry. When she enters the market place, the good woman is immediately surrounded by eager customers, who want everything at the lowest possible figure. She is equally determined to keep the price up. Finally, the haggling resolves itself into “splitting the difference;” that is to say, if a shilling is in dispute, the seller will take sixpence, and so on, according to the amount. When the bargain is finally struck, the seller is always expected to give “luck penny,” which may range anywhere from half a crown to a “four penny bit” — seldom lower than the latter coin. This money, when the sale is between men, is generally expended on “treats” at the bar of some convenient “public.” Women are not held to this rule stringently, and, no doubt, the buxom lady in the picture holds on to her “luck penny” with the tenacity of her sex. Yr^HE SCOTS GUARDS, DUBLIN. — The sketch represents a “relief” of the Scots Fusileer Guards, commonly called the 3d Foot Guards of the British army, marching to their post in the Irish capital. At the head march three stalwart Highland pipers, who make the ancient streets ring with the weird music of “the plaided Gael.” The Scots Guards have not been much in Ireland, but they are more popular in Dublin than either the Grenadiers or the Coldstreams. The latter, in particular, made themselves obnoxious to the people, and several bloody fights marked their stay in the metropolis. The Scotch troops, in general, are well conducted, and, as they are mainly Celts, they readily fraternize with the impulsive and good natured Dubliners, who, however, regard all British troops with very natural distrust. These Guards are a striking body of men, tall and stalwart, with flaming scarlet coats and immense bear-skin caps. They have a good record as fighters, particularly in the Waterloo and Crimean campaigns. At Hougomont, they aided in repelling the fierce attack of the corps of Prince Jerome Bonaparte on the chateau, which was the key to the British position. They lost heavily in officers and enlisted men. At the Alma, in 1854, they were particularly distinguished. Like the other Household regiments, they are always liable to be sent on foreign service, but are rarely called upon, unless in cases of grave emergency. r T. LUKE’S CHURCH, CORK. — The foregoing sketch represents St. Luke’s Episcopalian Church, situated on an elevation of the city called by some Napoleonic worshippers, “Montenotte. ” The site overlooks the northern end of the southern capital and the sylvan valley of the Lee. It is not a very large edifice and is designed in the perpendicular Gothic style, often called the Scholastic Gothic, of the 15th century, but is a very handsome specimen of that school of architecture. The material used in its exterior construction is a soft, grey limestone, quarried in the neighborhood. It has a pinnacled tower and a spire of cut stone. St. Luke’s is not an ancient edifice. It was built during the first quarter of this century, after the design of George Richard Paine, the same architect who made the plans of Blackrock Castle, a picturesque land mark on the west bank of the fine river. Mr. Paine was also the architect of the handsome Cork branch of the Bank of Ireland, and of many of the stately mansions that are reflected in the clear waters of the Lee. One of the most noted residences designed by him is the mansion of Woodville, the seat of the Penrose family, in which Washington Irving laid the scene in the life of Sarah Curran, the fiancee of Robert Emmet, sketched in “The Broken Heart.” It is one of the most delightful spots in Ireland. )UINS OF MELLIFONT ABBEY, CO. LOUTH. — These highly interesting ruins lie in the midst ot a beautiful lowland vale, rather than deep valley — a featute oi scenery peculiar to the more fertile portions of Ireland. Mellifont is not a Gaelic name, and bears a Latin stamp upon it. The abbey was founded and endowed by O’ Carroll, Prince of Oriel, in 1 142, and was the first establishment of the Cistercian Order of monks in Ireland. Although it was originally a vast structure, or combination of structures, time, war and vandalism have reduced the ruins to their present scanty proportions. Apart from its interest, as a relic of Ireland’s epoch of scholastic and ecclesiastical glory, Mellifont is famous as the place in which Dearvorgil, the faithless wife of O’Ruarc, whose fall from grace with McMurrough led to the Anglo Norman invasion, died in 1 193. This is the woman of whom Moore has written — Now, Oh degenerate daughter Of Erin, how fallen is thy fame; And thro’ ages of bondage and slaughter Thy country shall bleed for thy shame! Mellifont also witnessed, on March 30, 1603, the saddest day that ever dawned on Ireland, the surrender of Hugh O’Neill, the victor of the Yellow Ford and Drumfluich, to Lord Deputy Mountjoy, after a bloody struggle of eight long years, in which the great Earl of Tyrone, as the English called O’Neill, won imperishable renown. WALK IN PHCENIX PARK, DUBLIN. — Dublin and its environs, according to most writers who have visited them, fairly blaze with flowers in the pleasant summer time, and flowers, too, of the most exquisite coloring, shape and odor. These are framed by shrubs, plants and trees of most luxuriant foliage — one species succeeding another in almost con- stant rotation. Through such a scene, the charming walk shown in the sketch gently winds, luring the visitor step by step to visit scenes ever growing in beauty. A stroll in Phoenix Park in the summer weather is not taken under a burning sun. The walks do not burn the feet of the pedestrian, as if they were laid in ashes, hot from a volcanic crater, nor is there risk of sunstroke — a malady practically unknown in the equable, gracious climate of “the fairest isle of the ocean” — a title bestowed upon Ireland by the eminent Scotch poet, Thomas Campbell, in his immortal song of “The Exile of Erin.” The gentleman standing in contemplative attitude on the walk near the edge of the parterre is seemingly enjoying the bloom and the fragrance of the clustering blossoms, overhung by umbrageous troughs. The effect would be better if he had a lady with him to sympathize with his pleasurable emotions. w 9 % ;% t • . . » « f mm* ^ ' 7%^ . ^ sQl " * few ' * ij ■fc ■ C7T. KEVIN’S CROSS, CO. WICKLOW . — St. Kevin must have been a man of marvelous energy, like his great predecessor, St. Patrick, if he originated even a moiety of the churches, caves and crosses with which tradition credits him. His great cross at the Wicklow Glendalough, where are the ruins of his famous seven churches, has been an object of veneration to devout visitors for many ages. It stands in the midst of the dwellings of the dead — a rugged, stern reminder of the story of the stormy past. The cross is hewn out of granite, with slight segments of the circle nearly encompassing the arms, and is I I feet high and 3 feet and 8 inches in width. Its origin is lost in antiquity, but it was doubtless erected when Kevin began his holy mission about the middle of the sixth century. In Gaelic the saint’s name is rendered Coemhghen, which signifies “the fair born,” and he is reputed to have been a scion of the royal house of Leinster, who, tired even in his youth of the vanities of this existence, resolved on devoting himself to the salvation of his soul and the souls of his fellow creatures He loved the hermit’s cell much better than the kingly halls of his fathers, and, while their very names are, for the most part, forgotten, his fame will endure while men and women revere piety, learning and unselfishness. St. Kevin’s Cross, massive as it is, will finally resolve itself into nothingness, but the name of St. Kevin will, like his glorious spirit, live forever. CJURT, L UBLIN MUSEUM OF SCIENCE AND ART. — The accompanying sketch shows a portion of the Central Court, with statuary and archaeological speci- mens, of the Museum of Science and Art, situated on Kildare street. This very useful institution was built in 1885, and has a main facade 200 feet in extent, facing the National Librarv, which was built about the same time. Both structures are from the plans of T. N. Deane & Sons, native architects. The Museum consists of a central building and two wings — the former crowned by a dome. Many statues, and casts of statues, ancient and modern, beautify the court. One of the most striking of the figures is that representing Lieutenant W. R. Pollock Hamilton, who is shown gallantly defending the British embassy at Cabul, in 1879. Many of the classical figures which appear in the sketch are models from the collection of the late gi ted and prolific, J. H. Foley, whose genius, by the way, is scarcely recognized tn America, although his reputation is well established in England. Among the many historical treas- ures here preserved is a collection of musical instruments used by Thomas Moore, when the poet was engaged on his “Irish Melodies.” The relief map of Ireland, having a scale of 1 1 inches to the mile, and colored so as to display the geological formation of the island at a glance, gives an object lesson in Irish geography that every visitor will appreciate. The Hamilton statue is the design of C. B. Birch, A. R. A. . Vr/HE CITY HALL, DUBLIN. — The above splendid public building was erected after the design of the great Dublin architect of the last century, Thomas Cooley, in 1769- Dr. Charles Lucas, the famous Irish patriot, who preceded Flood and Grattan in public favor, secured the purchase money for the site from the Irish parliament. The money for the structure was raised under the lottery system and by subscription. The edifice was originally called the Royal Exchange, but seems to have been very little used for purposes of trade and finance. It became, however, a favorite meeting place for the people of Dublin, and in its fine hall, Daniel O’Connell, in the year 1800, made his first speech in public on the Irish question. In 1852 the Royal Exchange became the City Hall of Dublin. Here the mayor has his office and the aldermen their place of assembly. The principal front, on Parliament street, consists of an imposing portico, with pediment supported on six Corinthian columns. The western front, on Castle street, has a portico of four Corinthian pillars, but without a pediment. The entablature around the structure is continuous, and there is also an artistic balustrade around the top, except where the pediment interrupts its course. The hall contains statues of O’Connell and Drummond by Hogan — the former a remarbably fine work of art. The statue of Grattan, by Chantrey, is considered excellent of that patriot, and there are many other effigies of historical interest. ^ING WILLIAM’S LANDING, CARRICKFERGUS. — The picture shows the historic cove in which the war ship that bore King William III. to Ireland dropped anchor on June 14, 1690. Among those who accompanied him were Prince George of Denmark, the Duke of Ormond, Major General Mackav — the famous Scotch Puritan defeated by Dundee the day he fell at Killekrankie; the Duke of Wurtemberg, the Prince of Hesse-Darmstadt, the Earls of Oxford, Portland, Scarborough and Manchester; General Douglas and many other well known military chiefs, who came to take their respective commands in the army of 40,000 men, drawn from nearly every country in Europe, then assembled under the orders of Mar- shal Schomberg in the neighborhood of Newry, county Down. Schomberg, before William’s arrival, had shown his appreciation of Irish valor by granting to Sir Teague O’Regan and the Jacobite garrison that had so valiantly defended the Fort of Charlemont, the honors of war. Very soon, William got ready to give battle to King James on the banks of the Boyne, and the rest is known. The cliffs around Carrickfergus bay are bold and precipitous, and on the right of the picture is shown a means of ascent and descent which only the strongest and most daring of sea-faring men may attempt. The chain depending from the rocks vividly recalls the adventure of “Tom Burke of Ours,” when escaping from the coast of France, so thrilling described by Charles Lever in one of his most stirring novels. TEW IN QUEENSTOWN, CO. CORK . — The foregoing is a view of one of the principal streets in the Irish Liverpool, and affords a good idea of the nature of the ground on V'hich the city stands, looking down on its magnificent harbor. The buildings in this section of Queenstown are handsome and solid — very much resembling those of American cities, Tore the “sky-scraping” period, which has come to show that mankind have not yet repudiated the desire to build towers like unto that of Babel. From the eminence in the background of the sketch, a castellated church tower looks proudly down on the structures that have arisen on the terraced streets below. On the right is a public pleasure ground — a favorite breathing spot of the populace. The handsome building in the foreground on the left, with its black veranda, recalls the better portion of the French Quarter at New Orleans. Queenstown, during half a century, has been the sad witness of more than a million partings of its people from Ireland, because it has been a favorite point of embarkation for America. Nothing can be more melancholy than the spectacle of the aged father and mother bidding farewell at the gang plank to the hope and light of the humble household, wrenching their aged heart-strings in the effort to be brave. Even the buoyant Irish nature is not proof against this kind of affliction, and there have been many instances where bitter grief orphaned the young emigrant before the ship that bore him away saw the last glimpse of the Irish shore. fy^OLERAINE, CO. DERRY. — One of the most charming of Irish love ballads is that which describes the charms of sweet “Kitty of Coleraine.” It has been sung by, at least, two t_J generations of the Irish of the North and is by no means unknown in other sections of the island. The thriving town pictured above is charmingly situated on the right bank of the Bann, four miles from the sea. It is 47 miles north-northwest of Belfast, with which it is connected by rail. Many streets diverge from the central square, or “plaza,” as it would be designated in Spanish America. The place has a population of about 5,000, and does a brisk business in fine linens, paper, leather and other branches of industry. Its fine salmon fishery yields a yearly rental of about $25,000, resulting from license fees. Since the river was deepened, in 1873, vessels of good size can anchor at the quay. The name, according to Joyce, is derived from an incident in the life of St. Patrick. When that great missionary, in his journey through Ulster, arrived in the neighborhood, he was hospitably received by the local chief, who granted him a piece of ground whereon to build a church. When the Saint inquired where the spot was, it was pointed out to him on the bank of the river Bann, in a place overgrown with ferns. Boys were, at the moment, amusing themselves by setting the ferns on fire. It was, therefore, called in Gaelic Cuil-rathain, translated by Colgan “the Corner of the Ferns,” — a name which, with very little alteration, it retains to this day. S INGLE, CO. KERRY. — This small town of less than 2,000 people is charmingly placed on the strand of Dingle harbor, an inlet of the capacious bay of that name in the western portion of the picturesque county Kerry. The picture deals only with the hamlet itself, which is, after a fashion, a thriving little place, with a good fishery and a splendid bathing beach. Many centuries ago, it was known in Gaelic as Daingean-ui-Chuis, now rendered Dingle I-Coush — the Fortress of O’ Cush, who was lord of the place before the English invasion. In later times, it became the property of the Fitzgeralds of Desmond. Yes — Their swords made knights, their banner waved, free was their bugle call By Glinn’s green slopes and Dingle’s tide, from Barrow’s banks to Yonghal! At last, however, they, too, were displaced, and of the elder branch of the Desmond line not a man survives! Well has the Irish poet written of their sad fate — - Of Desmond’s blood through woman’s veins, passed on the exhausted tide; His title lives — a Saxon churl usurps the lion’s hide. Diagonally across the mountains from Dingle is Smerwick, famous as the scene of the massacre of a Spanish garrison which came to the aid of Desmond, then in “rebellion” against Queen Elizabeth. Sir Walter Raleigh was one of the leading butchers in the affair but sought to excuse himself on the ground that he acted under orders from his superior officer. JT^LONMANY, CO. DONEGAL. — The pleasant little watering place shown above is situated in that much indented part of the Donegal coast, which stretches between Loughs Swilly and LJ Foyle, and bears the full brunt of the fierce Atlantic waves. Clonmany stands near the head of Bunion Bay, not far from Pollan Strand. Behind it is a region of streams and loughs that abound in fish of fine quality. The surrounding scenery is wildly picturesque, and when the boisterous ocean storms rage, the breakers burst upon the strand with sublime fury. The town is situated sufficiently far from the shore to be sheltered from the full force of wind and wave. Numerous fine roads branch from the village to the strand and toward the interior. Mamore Gap, celebrated for its bold and picturesque features, is within easy reach, and the angler has little difficulty in reaching the favorite trout fisheries of Loughs Fad, Naminn and Mentiagh. The bold peaks of “Slieve Snacht of the Lakes’’ and its neighboring mountains are plainly visible, except in misty weather, and add much to the romantic aspect of the locality. The inhabitants of Clonmany, like most of those of the shore towns, have only two paying branches of industry —fishing and agriculture. These, with the summer tourist trade, make the.: place comparatively prosperous, but there is much room for improvement — something that is also true of many other hamlets in county Donegal. r^HAPEL ABBEY, DUNGARVAN, CO. WATERFORD. — It can scarcely be claimed that the ruins of the abbey at Dungarvan are in themselves imposing, but the chapel, in a LJ renovated state, has a quaintness in its general aspect that at once attracts the interest of the beholder. The castellated tower is very ancient, dating from the 7th century, when the abbey was founded by St. Garvan. In the neighborhood are the strong castle and mighty walls built by King John, who had great faith in stone and mortar, according to the Norman fashion. The town of Dungarvan has a population of some 5,000, who mainly devote themselves to fishing, shop keeping and agricultural pursuits. The bay, which is three miles long and about the same width, is capacious enough, but rather shallow, averaging in depth from one to five fathoms. With the exception of Waterford harbor, this portion of the Irish coast is not favorable for heavy shipping, and many terrible wrecks have occurred upon it. In 1816, the British transport. Seahorse, with the 59th regiment on board, was driven on the coast near Tramore, in broad daylight, and 291 men, together with 7 2 women and children, perished. The Gaelic form of Dungarvan is Dun-Garbhain, meaning Garvan’s Fortress, although it is not related that the saint who founded the abbey was also a warrior. Most probably, he was obliged to fortify the church property, owing to the incursions of the Danes, who were very lively pirates in the days in which he flourished. si si bO ' ‘ 3 m ■*-* _ ^ Ou. 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Grattan, unlike O’Connell, was noted for vehemence and what may be called angularity of gesture. In fact, he was not what is termed a graceful speaker, but his language was sublime, and he had a magical influence over his audience. He could not move the masses of the people, like the great Catholic Emancipator, but before the most critical parliamentary Dody in the world, as was the Irish House of Commons, he stood unrivalled. The artist represents him moving his famous Declaration of Irish Rights, April 19, 1780, in supporting which he said: “I never will be satisfied so long as the meanest cottager in Ireland has a link of the British chain clanking to his rags. He may be naked, he shall not be in irons. And I do see the time is at hand, the spirit is gone forth, the declaration is planted; and though great men should apostatize, yet the cause will live, and though the public speaker should ,; y yet the immortal fire shall outlast the organ which conveyed it, and the breath of liberty, like the word of the holy man, will not die with the prophet, but survive him.” ONKSTOWN, CO. CORK. — Among the many pretty villages that stud the emerald shores of the estuary of the river Lee is Monkstown, sketched above. It stands on the right bank of the river, in the midst of scenery that it is no exaggeration to call enchanting. “Glorious woods and teeming soil” characterize the whole neighborhood of this delightful place. It possesses, among other objects of interest, an old castle, now a ruin, which was built in 1636, under what Prof. Addey, in “Picturesque Ireland,” calls “peculiar circumstances.” The tradition runs that during the absence of the owner of the demesne, who was serving in the army of Philip of Spain, his wife, whose name was Anastasia, resolved to pleasingly sur- prise him by building a quadrangular castle without diminishing his exchequer. In order to achieve this end, she compelled the tenants on the estate to purchase from her the groceries and other necessaries of existence, consumed or worn by them, at an advance on the prices at which she was enabled to buy the goods wholesale. A keen woman of business, she succeeded admirably, for when the balance was finally struck, it was found that the completed edifice had cost only four pence — commonly called a “groat” —in excess of the receipts from sales of merchandise. This castle fell into decay during the Williamite wars. F$ An KLIN K OUGANE BARRA, CO. CORK. — Ireland possesses but tew loughs, or lakes, more picturesquely situated than Gougane Barra — Gaelic for St. Fin-Bar’s Rock Cleft — near the head- waters of the river Lee, in the county Cork. It is environed by mountains on all sides except the east, and from this point proceeds the stream, through a rocky gap, on its rapid course to Lough Allua — another entrancing sheet of water — and thence to the ocean. From the sides of the hills countless rivulets tumble into the lough, with endless murmurings, and keep it ever full to highest watermark. In the centre of the lake is a small island, containing the ruins of a saintly shrine, which is the scene of many a holy pilgrimage and miraculous cure. It is said that St. Fin-Bar, by St. Patrick’s direction, drowned in Gougane Barra a murderous winged dragon, which the latter had overlooked when he banished all other reptiles from Ireland. The condition imposed upon the saint before he destroyed the monster was, to build a church where the waters flowing from the lough meet the tide. This condition was fulfilled by the building of St. Fin-Bar’s Cathedral in the city of Cork. Gougane Barra was the saint’s country residence, and the sacred buildings whose ruins cover about half of its island, were erected >by him. The larger portion of these ruins, which have been allowed to fall into a state of discreditable decay, appear in the accompanying sketch. ■ QCULPTURE HALL, IRISH NATIONAL GALLERY . — The scene represents the grand sculpture hall of the National Gallery of Ireland, situated in the handsome Irish metropo- lis. The statues and models shown on both sides of the spacious apartment are classics of the Greco- Roman school of sculpture, which generally ran to realistic reproduction of mythological characters. Most of the figures are represented in action of some kind, and the attitudes serve to reveal those fine outlines of “the human form divine,” in which all true artists have delighted and will continue to delight to the end of time. The Greeks and Romans, unhampered by the stiff, absurd garments of what is called modern fashion, allowed the human frame to grow in beauty as nature intended. Tight coats and back-destroying corsets were unknown to the ancients, happily for them. Men with uneven shoulders and women with de- formed ribs were strangers to the country people of Pericles and Cicero. Therefore, after 2,000 years, or more, “the martial form that stood Platea’s (or Philippi’s) battle storm,” comes down to us in marble as a model for men; and the resurrected statues of the Junos and the Heras for women. While the Gallery of Ireland is praiseworthy, there is truth in the statement of its directors, who confess that their collection is incomplete, as yet, particularly in the works of modern sculpture. 40 HM ** ml-Ll » a IJyy APTAIN BOYD’S STATUE, ST. PATRICK’S, DUBLIN. — The speaking statue presented in the sketch is that of Captain John McNeill Boyd, of the British Navy, a native of LJ Londonderry, distinguished in his profession, who lost his life off the rocks of Kingstown harbor on February 9, 1861, while endeavoring to rescue the crew of a ship-wrecked brig. Captain Boyd was a man of knightly courage and his death caused wide-spread regret in Ireland and Great Britain. As St. Patrick’s Cathedral is the Irish Westminster, the admirers of the gallant sailor resolved to erect there a statue to commemorate his bravery and humanity. The figure represents him in the act of giving commands to his crew on the quarter deck of his vessel. The very attitude is eloquent, and the poise of the fine head is perfect. The firm chin and compressed lips denote devotion to duty, even to the death — a virtue the bold Cap- tain proved he possessed by the sacrifice of a life full of honor and of promise. This statue is regarded as one of the finest of the numerous splendid memorials of the distinguished dead contained in St. Patrick’s. By many it is regarded as the master work of the sculptor Farrell. The figure stands between the first two pillars of the south arcade of the nave of the cathedral. 'T. KIERAN’S COLLEGE, KILKENNY. — The saint whose name gives title to the college pictured above is held by some Irish savants to have preceded St. Patrick himself in his holy mission to “Green Innisfail.” His chair, or throne, composed of native stone, stands in the north transept of the venerable Cathedral of St. Canice in this ancient capital of the English Pale, founded by the formidable Strongbow himself in that fateful year for Ireland, a. d. 1172. The Catholic College, dedicated to St. Kieran, is situated in the Clonmel road, md is a modern structure ot graceful Gothic design. It accommodates a large number of students, and its professors are considered among the most thorough in Ireland. Kilkenny has always been noted as an educational centre, and has given birth to many able sons. Among the latter may be mentioned the two famous Irish novelists, John and Michael Banim, whose “Tales of the O’Hara Family” won celebrity half a century ago. They justly rank with Griffin, Carleton and Lover as delineators of Irish character, and they were truly national in their sentiments. Kilkenny also gave birth to James Stephens, the Fenian chief, who came so near creating a possibly successful revolution in Ireland, in 1865. Many graduates of St. KieranV College are priests in the United States and Canada. |MAGH, CO. TYRONE. — The capital town of the county Tyrone, pictured above, is situated in the midst or a most delightful country, picturesque and wondrously fertile, where the Drumragh and Camowen rivers unite their waters to form the rushing Struel. The name of Omagh is said by some Gaelic scholars to signify “the Seat of Chieftains.” It grew gradually to importance in the fostering shade of a splendid abbey, erected early in the 7th century by a pious prince of the Hy Niall tribe, who were the native owners of broad Tyr- Eoghan, Anglice, “the Land of Owen.” In later times, about the 15th century, a strong castle was built there by a member of the same great family. It was bravely defended by Art O’Neill against the armies of Elizabeth, but was finally captured and partially destroyed. The place was rebuilt in the time of James I. and was assaulted and captured by the brave Sir Phelim O’Neill during the great Irish uprising, in 1641. When the Puritan army finally triumphed, the castle was razed to the ground. In 1689, during the Williamite struggle, the town was scorched by fire, and, in 1743, it suffered severely from the same merciless scourge. It was solidly rebuilt, and, except in the outskirts, presents a neat and prosperous aspect. The ■court house is a very fine structure, and there are numerous churches and schools, together with a spacious convent of artistic design. HA NHL IN y J- CHIC A G O (ERMINGHAM TOWER, DUBLIN CASTLE. — The foregoing picture represents the Bermingham Tower, of Dublin Castle, which was partially rebuilt in 1810, and is about the only part of the fortress, begun by Meyler FitzHenry, Norman Lord Justice, in 1205, and completed by Archbishop Henri de Loundres, in 1220, that may be considered original. Time and change have done away with the rest of the ancient stronghold, which has been replaced by modern, rambling structures of no historical importance. The castle has been the malodorous seat of English government in Ireland for more than three hundred years. Since 1560, in the reign of Elizabeth, it has been the residence of the English Lords Lieutenant, and has been the theatre of many black crimes committed against the Irish nation. In its dungeons, chiefs have been cruelly imprisoned, and in its councils innumerable plots against the liberty of Ireland have been hatched. The name of “The Castle” is as hateful to most Irish ears, as that of the Bastile was to the ears of the French. It became particularly infamous during the ’98 troubles, chiefly because of the manufacture there of odious spies and villainous informers. Curran, in his speech defending Peter Finerty, accused of “treason to the Crown,” denounced it as a catacomb in which “the wretch buried as a man, was dug up a witness!” Many Irishmen, and Englishmen also, favor the abolition of the viceroyalty and “the Castle” with it. Bermingham Tower is in the Lower Castle Yard, and it is the repository of the state records. S ERRYBEG CHAPEL, CO. DONEGAL. — “The Little Oak Wood” is the meaning of Derrybeg in English. Our artist’s sketch shows the neat Catholic Chapel, of which the Rev. Father McFadden is pastor, situated in the pretty storm-swept village, which stands on the sea-shore, in the rack-rented Gweedore district, in the northwestern corner of county Donegal. The figure in the middle ground, toward the left, is that of the good priest himself, who, although still in the prime of life, has been identified with the Irish Land League movement for a quarter of a century. Because of his unselfish devotion to his people, he has suffered from persecution at the hands of their enemies; but he has succeeded in keeping the roofs over the heads of some poor creatures who, without his championship, would have no refuge but the workhouse or the grave. A dreadful “tidal wave” struck Derrybeg on Lady Day (Aug. 15) 1880, and did not spare the little chapel. The people were at mass when it was struck by the raging waters. Two of the humble worshippers perished in the flood and the rest w r ere obliged to fly to the hills for safety. Father McFadden rescued several of his flock from drowning. In February, 1889, during a fierce eviction riot, in which the exasperated people used missiles freely. Police Inspector Martin was mortally wounded. The vindictive landlords did their utmost to implicate Father McFadden, and he suffered much tribulation, as did many of his parishioners, but finally triumphed over his foes. He is generally regarded as the bravest priest in Ireland, and it is unnecessary, perhaps, to add, that he is simply adored by his people. N ATHLONE STREET, ROSCOMMON. — There are still extant in Athlone many houses that witnessed the memorable sieges and battles of 1690-91. The sketch shows one of the ancient streets of that renowned burgh, which may be described as standing astride the Shannon, partly in Roscommon and partly in Westmeath. In one of the olden houses, the famous Baron de Ginkel, commander-in-chief of King William’s army, lodged after the capture of the town. The celebrated old bridge, which once connected the English and Irish cowns, and which the Irish so gallantly defended, in 1691, has given place to a new structure within this century. The old bridge was the subject of many legends, some of which deserve to be classed among “foot-falls on the boundary of another world.” One story, authenticated, of course, runs as follows: A gentleman, residing in the west part of Ireland, dreamt one night that if he went to Athlone and walked upon its bridge for a few hours, he would “make his fortune.” He dreamt the same thing three times in succession. Finally he told his wife, and she urged him to go. As he was “walking the bridge” a man asked him why he was doing it. The gentleman told him of the dream. “Oh, that’s nothing,” said the stranger. “I dreamt three times that if I went to a certain man’s garden in the west (naming the gentleman’s own property) I’d find a crock of gold under the oldest apple tree in the orchard.” The westerner went home immediately, dug for the “crock of gold,” and found it. This established his fortune, indeed, and his descendants, it is said, still enjoy the inheritance. » T. ST. JOSEPH’S ABBEY, ROSCREA, TIPPERARY. — The handsome modern church which is correctly represented, as regards its exterior, in the foregoing view, was founded on Ascension Day, May 24, 1879, when the first stone, dressed by the Trappist Monks themselves, was laid by the Right Rev. Dr. Fitzpatrick, Abbot of Mt. Melleray, county Waterford. Mr. W. H. Beardwood, of Dublin, furnished the plans, and partly superintended the construction of the sacred edifice. The exterior was finished in 1881, and, on September 18 of that year, the late Right Rev. Dr. Ryan, Coadjutor Bishop of Killaloe, and the Abbots of Melleray in France, Mount Melleray in Ireland, Mount St. Bernard in Eng- land and Gethsemani, in this republic, participated in the dedication of the church to the service of God. The ground on which it stands once belonged to the demesne of Mount Heaton, situated on the banks of the Brosna. It came into the possession of the Trappists by purchase. Mount Melleray, in Waterford, being the parent house of the new community. The latter reconstructed (he buildings of the secular estate for the purposes of a monastery, altering everything by degrees, until now it is one of the finest monastic institutions in Ireland. In 1884, the new church was consecrated, and, at the desire of the late Bishop Ryan, of Killaloe, Leo XIII. raised Mt. St. Joseph to the dignity of an abbey, “conferring on it all the honors, rights and privileges of abbeys of the Cistercian Order.” The community chose the Right Rev. J. C. Beardwood for Abbot in 1887. # ? % V- TEW IN CASTLE-CONNELL, CO. LIMERICK . — The picture is a view of one of the principal thoroughfares in the pretty town of Castle-Connell, situated in one of the most fertile sections in countv Limerick. The wreck of O’Brien’s Castle, mentioned in another sketch, is still to be seen, and many a fearful popular legend centres in it. One is to the effect that a Prince of Thomond, ages ago, visited the O’Brien who owned the castle, and, after receiving his hospitality, treacherously seized upon him and put out his eyes — a punishment usually inflicted in those barbaric times on heirs apparent to thrones or principalities, because their blindness, in that warlike age, when every king, prince and chief was expected to fight, debarred the victims from succession. Thomond, in addition to blinding his host and kinsman, caused him to be murdered by some soldiers who accompanied him. Another tradition is to the effect that the ruins of the castle will fall on the wisest of men, if he should happen to pass by it; and it is related, with glee, that a landlord in the neighborhood, not noted for wisdom, thought himself so sagacious that he always went by the place on horseback and at full gallop. There is a fine salmon fishery in the vicinity, on the river Shannon, and this attracts many foreign, as well as native, tourists to the town. Among the former, for years, was George Peabody, the American philanthropist, who also, it is said, gave a wide berth to the old castle. (TTASTLEDERMOT ABBEY, CO. KILDARE. — The ancient Gaelic name of the locality in which the noble ruins shown above are situated was Disert Diarmada, which means, in LJ English, the Sequestered Place of Diarmid, or Dermot. The term disert was borrowed from the Latin desertum, and means also a desert, wilderness or lonely hermitage. Prof. Joyce remarks that in some of the Leinster counties, the modern word castle has been substituted for the more ancient disert, and this has been so in the case of Castle-Dermot, situated in the southern end of the fertile and far-famed county of Kildare. Castle-Dermot monastery was founded by Diarmid, a pious son of King Aedh Roin, of Ulidia, about the year 800. During the long wars with the Danes and Angio-Normans it was repeatedly burned and plundered, only to be again and again restored. Finally, in 1650, the sacriligeous force of warlike barbarism prevailed, and all that is now worthy of notice in the ruins of the once imposing Franciscan monastery, of royal foundation, appears in the sketch. The archways, even in dark decay, are strikingly artistic and beautiful. Some of the windows are also well preserved and attest the ancient grandeur of the sacred edifice. A deep covering of ivy, the growth of ages, adds to the venerable aspect of the place. The town takes its name, perhaps, from the strong castle built here by Strongbow’s lieutenant, Walter-de-Riddlesford, a. d. i 173. ■ r ORTLESTER CHAPEL, DUBLIN, No. 2. — This sketch gives still another view of the interior of the Portlester Chapel, which, for some reason, appears to have attracted the particular attention of nearly all visitors to Ireland. Here we see three gentlemen, respectively old, middle-aged and young, silently gazing, with uncovered heads, on the slabs that cover the dust of men and women, who passed to their account long before the fatal wrath of Henry VIII. fell on the premier branch of the illustrious Geraldine family, of which the Fitz-Eustaces of Portlester were scions. The faces of the three visitors seem contemplative and sad, for they know that, some day, other people will stand above their dust, albeit not in the chapel of the Portlesters. A feeling of awe comes over the mind of the most callous when standing amid ruins, crowded with tombs and filled with the charnel odor inseparable from death vaults, whether ancient or modern. And yet, men, and women, too, linger in them long, held there by a mysterious fascination. “Oh, go not yet, not yet away! Killeevy! O Killeevy! By the bonnie green woods of Killeevy! What Carleton wrote of the ghastly wooing of the “Churchyard Bride” by Sir Turlough, applies to every ancient burial place in Ireland. Let us feel that life is near our clay,” The long departed seem to say. r HE UPPER LAKE, KILLARNEY . — It has been well said by many appreciative travellers that Killarney “outdoes even itself,” speaking of it as an entirety, in the heavenly Upper Lake, a fine view of which is presented in the picture. Here the mountains, with their magical shadowings, assume their grandest shapes, and the numerous fine islands, richly clad in arbutus, juniper, ash and holly, diversify the bosom of the waters, rippling beneath the even strokes of the skilled boatmen, who are possessed of an esprit de corps that would do honor to the famed gondoliers of Venice. As the little vessel glides along, the voyager has a fine opportunity to note the picturesque changes of form and color that present themselves at every turn. Wherever he may look, on lake, mountain or island, beauty sits enthroned. Nowhere else in the world is so much loveliness grouped without being crowded. It is difficult not to imagine that, at the creation, there must have been an Irish Adam and Eve to inhabit this sylvan paradise — either that, or the Hebrew historians must have mistaken the Euphrates for the river Laune and Eden for Killarney. This noble scenic vision spoils the tourist for other scenes, even the most majestic. There is a loveliness about the Upper Lake and its surroundings, that no pen can describe or artist’s pencil portray. It has the lights and shadows of a world more than earthly —an “earnest,” as it were, of “the Kingdom God has prepared for those who love Him.” G es ■* c O & -o O G ^ c 3 QJ w F_! 03 H U . rt B o o no He 4 — * S * .2 c T> & B ‘ ^ s P 8 1 1 M o J-. u w G *-« •\ • JT* - 4 -* t> o o 13 O ^2 GG co 4 — > G= « S - 1 OX) G •N . •— | G T 3 G ^ 2 W fa 3 33 O S-, M C ~ C 3 B-w ^ 3 u ^ S u « 03 ZP G co QJ 4— » -G O ’ G* .S *G 4 —* u o u U T 3 rt O^C p Jb du ^ p ' PJ ° « OX) .£ "S J-. o & C/3 C/3 !S G O u n H 1) _H » > *3 ^3 V w-t « xc « v a o S « 33 " = § D- P 3 XC B T 3 x- 0 1 03 I-, ' V s- G co JJ ' J! — . CO U « > O 3 >N c ^ bj -t: « U ^ ^ ^ 1) co W "T 3 'tj J— ( 03 r-C O .2 o G CO o .V Pi .s co 03 03 OX) ctf o & ^ o v J 5 £ £ Ji P OX) 03 ^ j? UG ^3 ^ « p S 3 G C 3 &§ U W rG CO 03 ^ ^ 2 § « w 2 x? 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Throughout this noble course the lake is thickly studded with pretty islands, many of them deeply wooded. Foreign tourists, by the score, have, of late years, borne testi- mony to the loveliness of this romantic region, which, because of increased facilities for travel, is rapidly growing in popular favor. Convinced that, were the charms of their beauteous dis- trict generally known, the tourist influx would be imposing, some public-spirited residents of Enniskillen quite recently organized a Lough Erne boat line, with the result that their expecta- tions have been more than realized. The greatest charm about the scenery of this grand region is its almost endless variety. In addition, the surrounding country is highly interesting from a historical point of view, and there are many thrilling legends connected with the islands, bays and capes of “the winding banks of Erne,” made familiar to lovers of high class Irish poetry by the simple genius of Ballyshannon’s poet laureate, the late William Allingham. pTURRAGHMORE, CO. WATERFORD. — The famous family seat of the Marquis of Waterford derives its name from the Gaelic “Currach,” which means either a race course or a LJ marsh, “Mor, ” signifying Great. It is probable that the demesne of the De la Poer-Beresfords obtains its designation from the former derivation, because no Anglo-Irish family has been more devoted to sporting and gaming of every kind than their own. The Beresfords have all been brave men, but more than doubtful patriots. They have generally stood by British interests in Ireland, and some of them were notorious persecutors of the people in 1798. The “wild Marquis,” who broke his neck while hunting in 1859, was most reckless Irishman of his time, and his marvelous escapades in Dublin, London, Paris and other European capitals would fill volumes. The victor of Albuera, Marshal Beresford, was a scion of this fighting race. Lords Charles and William Beresford, in this generation, maintain the family reputation for brilliant courage. The sketch shows the ranges of fine offices by which the oblong court yard is flanked. The entrance to the castle grounds is formed by a remnant, massive and frowning, of the old stronghold of the De la Poers. A stag, larger than life, is represented on the parapet. This animal forms the crest of the House of Beresford. A splendid modern mansion, situated amid green meadows, superb gardens and waving forests, rises in the rear of the castle. It was erected in 1824. LENTIES, CO. DONEGAL. — Glenties, Gaelic form, Gleanntaidhe, pronounced Glenty, Irish plural for “the Glens,” which, with the English plural “s” added, forms, according to Dr. Joyce, the present name of the town. It stands at the head of the glens of Stracashel and Glenfada, on the right bank of the Owena river, which empties into Loughross Bay. The region around it is what may be called bleakly romantic, and the village itself is a small place of scarce half a thousand inhabitants. The shooting and fishing in the neighbor- hood are excellent, and this circumstance, as well as the bold scenery of the adjacent coast, attracts many travellers. Owing to the prevailing ocean winds, the soil of this portion of Don- egal cannot be called fertile. The country is chiefly populated by Celts, of unmixed blood, who still speak their native tongue in all its richness and purity. They are a bright, intelligent people, very apt at all mechanical pursuits, when properly instructed, as has been illustrated by the successful labors of Mrs. Ernest Hart, of London, among them. To this good lady may be justly attributed the revival of the lace-making industry which, of late years, has brought comfort to many an impoverished home in Donegal. Her exertions have also given an impetus to the manufacture of woolen goods, and she has taught the peasantry how to utilize their native dyes. Glenties, like other Donegal communities, has benefitted by Mrs. Hart’s labors. RDFERT CATHEDRAL, CO. KERRY. — The once glorious monastery of Ardfert, in the county Kerry, six miles northwest of Tralee, was founded by the illustrious St. Brendan, the Navigator — said to have first discovered the North American continent — about the year 550. The name in Gaelic is written Ard-ferta — the Height of the Grave. The ruins, after the lapse of 1,300 years, are still imposing. Chiefly noticeable are the four rounded arches in the western front and the three artistic, pointed windows in the eastern facade. Handsome niches, ornamented with antique moldings, are to be seen on the right of the grand altar, and are still in good condition. A superb round tower, over 1 20 feet in height, stood near the abbey until 1771, when it suddenly, and mysteriously, collapsed. It was composed of blocks of black marble. All this region of the favored county Kerry is filled with romantic objects, vhich the Munster poet, Edward Walsh, has embodied, thus, in one of his sweetest ballads: As the Guebre’s round tower, o’er the fane of Ardfert, As the white hind of Brandon by young roes begirt. As the moon in her glory ’mid bright stars outhung Stood Aileen McCartie her maidens among! Beneath the rich ’kerchief, which matrons may wear. Strayed ringletted tresses of beautiful hair; They wav’d on her fair neck as darkly as though ’Twere the raven’s wing shining o’er Mangerton’s snow! r T. PETER’S CHAPEL AND COLLEGE, WEXFORD. — The brave old city of Wexford is noted for points of historical and romantic interest, and is rich in relics of the past, carrying the mind back to the days of the first Norman occupation, the horrors of the Cromwellian visitation and the sanguinary deeds, committed both by the oppressor and the oppressed, in the red days of the rebellion of 1798. Every street in the town, and the bridge that spans the Barrow, serve to remind the beholder of the ferocity of the “rebel” Captain Dixon and the cruelty of General Lake — a ruthless soldier, as “thorough” in his methods and as merciless in the execution of his orders as the great English regicide himself. The Church and College of St. Peter, devoted to Catholic worship and education, shown in the picture, recall no such unpleasant associations, for they are of comparatively recent construction, and, therefore, belong exclusively to modern Wexford. They are situated on Summer Hill, and are prominent landmarks of the city. A lofty steeple has been recently added to the chapel. The square, battlemented and castelated tower of the college has a most imposing effect, particularly when viewed from a distance. The magnificent rose window of the chapel is an object of admiration to all lovers of the artistic in church ornamentation, and the interior of the sacred edifice throughout is exquisitely finished. The course of study at the college is of a high order and the institution has sent forth many bright minds from its classic halls. Jr lJt , , yrjgjggjMgf' irm » M ! * ~ 4 - » „ ,i , -V . ■ - ff r* ■ | • * ■. % ' ■ # □ ' WkM jynr 1 - J m 1 1 / Jpt- flj&N mS ' \xi & ^ (7T VOCA, CO. WICKLOW. — This romantically situated little town stands on the banks of the gently gliding Avonmore, in one of the most delightful portions of the far-famed vale which gives it title. A handsome bridge spans the sparkling river at this point, and it is only an easy walk of about three miles from the Dublin, Wicklow and Wexford railroad station, at Avoca, to the secluded valley of Cronbane, in which is the “Meeting of the Waters,” rendered immortal by the well known song of Thomas Moore. But there are many other spots along the course of the Avonmore quite as interesting, although they did not have the good fortune to strike the fancy of “the poet of all circles and the idol of his own.” The whole valley is, indeed, a succession of lovely vistas, where river, rock and forest vie for the supremacy in splendid rivalry. Avoca, like nearly all the Wicklow vales, combines fertility with beauty, and contrast of fields of the brightest emerald, waters of the most crystal clearness, dark green woods and purple mountain peaks is unending throughout its extent. Savage precipices often frown on nooks of the most gentle and sequestered aspect, where lovers, in the first ecstasy of the tender passion, might fancy themselves in another Eden. The Vale of Avoca shares with Killarney the privilege of possessing “the fatal gift of beauty,” but, in their case, the proverb has lost its melancholy meaning. f ORTRUSH, CO. ANTRIM. — The native Irish called the above town by the Gaelic form of Port-ruis, meaning “the landing place of the peninsula” — a most appropriate designation, as, indeed, most Irish phrases of description are. It is a delightful little place, of, perhaps, 1,200 inhabitants, and is situated in one of the choicest spots on the Antrim coast, three vniles, or thereabout, from the Castle of Dunluce, from which it is approached by a fine road, passing by the White Rocks, at an elevation of some four hundred feet above the sea. This s considered the finest sea-view in Ireland, excepting GlengarifF and portions of Connemara. The town stands on a bold, rocky peninsula, of basaltic formation, about a mile in length. The harbor, pretty but not very extensive, is protected from the fury of ocean storms by the island group of the Skerries, at no great distance from the shore. It is much used by yachtsmen for regatta purposes, in the summer season, when Portrush is generally thronged with tourists and other pleasure seekers. The numerous magnificent natural sights in the neighborhood, in- cluding curious rock scenery and numerous ocean caverns, each one of which has some fearful legend connected with it, add to the popularity of the place. In 1859, an obelisk of consid- erable size was erected here to the memory of the Rev. Dr. Adam Clarke, a noted Methodist clergyman, who was born in the vicinity. f OAD TO MAAM, CO. GALWAY. — This name would seem to be a corruption of the Gaelic word Madhm, pronounced Maum or Moym (Joyce), which denotes an elevated mountain pass or chasm in rocks; and there are many places so called, with descriptive affixes, throughout the south and west of Ireland. The Maum, or Maam, under consideration, is situated in the Connemara district of the county Galway, and the road and bridge that lead to it through the great mountain gorges are shown in the sketch, with the inevitable “Irish jaunting car” in the middle ground, where the roadway over the bridge turns abruptly. In this locality are grouped some of the grandest works of nature. “In front, flank and rear,” says Prof. Addey, in “Picturesque Ireland,” “open four principal glens. One, enclosing the lake of Ballinahinch, opens southward on Roundstone and Bertraghboy; Glen Inagh, cradling its black waters under the tremendous precipice of Maam, down which the stream that feeds Lough Inagh falls 1,200 feet! opens the gorge of its grand prison on the east. Kylemore forms a parallel pass along the north, near the margin of the Killery, and, on the west and south, the ravine whose torrent waters Clifden, gapes toward the Atlantic.” This, surely, is a region for Irishmen to be proud of — where the heavens seem to rest on the aspiring mountain peaks, and the cataract thunders, and the great golden eagle soars above the clouds “in giddy revelry.’* Magnificent Ireland! Superb even in thy chains! E xterior view, christ church cathedral, Dublin. — Above is given an exterior view of the venerable Christ Church Cathedral, which is regarded by most anti- quarians as by far the most interesting of all Dublin churches. Originally it is said to have been built by the Christianized Danes, about the I ith century; it was rebuilt by the Anglo- Normans, who, on establishing themselves in the metropolis, constituted the church a cathedral of the Pale. In the general type of its architecture it differs from most Irish churches, as almost everything approaching the Romanesque has been eliminated from its construction. Race prejudice was indulged in to such an extent that, toward the end of the 14th century, a law prohibiting native Irishmen from professing themselves in the sanctuary was passed and carried into effect. This held good, except during the brief reign of James II., and the eighteenth century had almost passed into history before an Irish-born man was admitted, even as Vicar-choral, in this exclusive and bigoted church. It was frequently all but destroyed by fire and -other visitations, and was subjected to many changes, from its foundation by Sitric the Dane, for secular canons, in 1038, down to the reign of Elizabeth. It was on Easter Sunday, A. d. 1551, that the Liturgy was first read in English, as far as Ireland was concerned, in Christ Church. This was the signal for the long series of wars, that may be described as religio-national, which terminated in 1603, with the surrender of the Ulster Catholic Princes. Christ Church was fully restored, by the liberalty of Henry Roe, and under the direction of George Street, R. A., in 1871-8. '.V‘ ^INGSBRIDGE TERMINUS, DUBLIN. — Dublin, metropolitan in every feature, boasts many fine railroad structures, but none more graceful and commodious than the fine building lisV pictured in the above sketch. It stands on the right bank of the Liffey, at Kingsbridge, a structure built in 1827, and named after the most unworthy George IV., in commemora- tion of his visit to Dublin six years before. It is the terminus of the Great Southern and Western Railway lines, which traverse most of the southern, eastern and western portions of Ire- land. Kingsbridge station offers every possible accommodation for travellers. It has good restaurants and excellent attendance. The porters handle baggage with the dexterity of their American brethern, but with considerable more care for the contents of trunks and “boxes” than our world-renowned baggage-smashers. During the Fenian troubles of 1865-7, th e Irish revolutionists and Scotland Yard detectives played hide and seek with each other around this station several times. Among the “suspects” of the period was Captain John A. Geary, of Lexington, Ky., one of Stonewall Jackson’s men. His military bearing attracted the “lynx-eye” of a “sleuth.” He approached the Captain, who, pointing to his own trunk, said: “Break it open at once!” The “bobby,” completely deceived, did as ordered. Geary jumped on the moving train, made his way to Limerick, vanquished there a constable who sought to arrest him, and escaped to America. f NTIQUE STATUARY, DUBLIN. — We again enter the classical rotunda of the Dublin Science and Art Museum. It is mainly devoted to an exhibit of casts from antique subjects, and Indian bronze guns, trophies of British victories over the unfortunate natives of Hindostan. Among the more prominent casts, or models, to be found in the rotunda are the Suppliant Youth, from Berlin; Apollo, Diadumenus, Vaison and others, from the British Museum; the Knife-Sharpener, Tutelary Deity and Venus de Medici, from Florence; Boy and Goose, Diana, Jason, Adjusting his Sandal, Venus Genetrix, from the Louvre; Mercury (from Herculaneum) Venus Kallifugos, from Naples; Hermes, by Praxiteles, from Olympia, Greece; Antinous, Boy Extracting a Thorn, Venus of the Esquibire, from the Capitol, Rome; Sophocles, from the Lateran Museum; Adonis, Augustus Caesar, Venus of Cnidus, from the Vatican collection, and Mars, the mighty War God of the Pagans, from Villa Ludovisi, in the Eternal City. There have been additions to this fine array since the last guide and catalogue was issued by the Museum, but the figures enumerated are the leading features of the exhibition. The chief cities of Ireland have been prolific in painters and sculptors in the past, and it is to be hoped that the places left vacant by Hogan, Foley, Maclise and other fine artists will be filled by the genius of the rising generation. r^REY ABBEY, CO. DOWN. — This classic ruin is situated within a few miles of Mount Stewart, the Irish seat of, the Marquis of Londonderry, in the historic county Down, noted, L 3 T like its neighbor, county Antrim, for the bold stand made within its borders by the insurgent Presbyterian United Irishmen, against the British army, during the terrible social and polit- ical upheaval of 1798. The Abbey was founded, it is claimed, for a community of Cistercian Monks by the Princess Africa, daughter of the King of the Isle of Man and wife of the celebrated Norman military adventurer. Sir John de Courcy, in 1 193. It stood the shock of war and the ravages of time, almost untouched by either, until the great rebellion of 1641, when it was destroyed by fire during a conflict between the English forces and the Irish army, under Sir Phelim O’Neill. Since then it has been but a relic of former architectural splendor, although re-roofed and otherwise renovated by the Montgomery family, in 1685. Dr. Stephenson says of it: “The remains of the Abbey show it to have been a large and sumptuous building. The east window of the church is a noble piece of Gothic structure, composed of three compartments, each six feet, and more, wide, and upwards of twenty feet in height. On each side of the altar, in the north and south walls, is also a stately window of freestone, neatly hewn and carved, of the same breadth as the great east window, but somewhat lower . >y The Montgomery MSS. state that it is “called Grey Abbey from the order of Friars who once enjoyed it.” 1 I 7R0NT VIEW, ST. MARY’S CHURCH, CORK. — We give in this sketch a view of St. Mary’s Dominican Church, from the river front. Built after the Grecian model, with 1 a graceful portico of six Ionic columns, it presents but little of the aspect of the average Catholic or Protestant church in Ireland. The apex of the pediment is surmounted by a statue of the Virgin, heroic in proportions, and the head coronated by an aureole of exquisite design and finish. Behind St. Mary’s rise the towers of other edifices, devoted to religious purposes, and the summit of the famous steeple of St. Anne’s of Shandon is seen in the background. Cork City justly boasts of some of the most beautiful, as well as historic, churches in Ireland, among them St. Finn-Barr’s Cathedral, with which we have dealt in another sketch. St. Mary’s is comparatively modern, but always attracts a great amount of attention from travellers and visitors because of the unique character of its architecture. The Dominican clergy, to whose use it is assigned, are noted for their fervid eloquence and, in consequence, the masses at this beautiful temple of worship are always largely attended. Interiorly the church is finished in a manner that perfectly harmonizes with the elegance of its exterior. The criticism is frequent, however, that were it not for the statue of the Virgin above the pediment, St. Mary’s might easily be mistaken for a structure devoted to secular purposes. ^ILLALOE, CO. CLARE . — The rapids of the river Shannon have a fall of about 2 1 feet to a mile at Killaloe — -Gaelic, Kill-dalua, the Church of St. Dalua, or Molua, who flourished, according to the learned Joyce, in the 6th century. On the site of the original church, Donald O’Brien, King of Thomond, built a splendid cruciform cathedral in x 160. Its style is early Gothic, and a massive tower springs from the centre of the edifice. It is held by some antiquarians that the Romanesque doorway, generally considered the tomb of one of the earlier O’Briens, may be a remnant of the church erected by the saint. Killaloe has been, for ages, an episcopal see, and has both a Catholic and Protestant bishop. Killaloe city, which is situated in county Clare, is connected with the Tipperary bank of the river by a massive, ancient bridge of nineteen arches. The salmon fishery at this point is one of the richest in Ire- land, and, therefore, Killaloe is a favorite resort. The cathedral appears on the left of the picture, and in the background rise the rugged hills of Clare, which saw King Brian, in 1014, march from adjacent Kinkora to victory and death. How grimly they recall the noble lines of Moore — Remember the glories of Brian the Brave, tho’ the days of the hero are o’er, Tho’ lost to Mononia, and cold in the grave, he returns to Kinkora no more! That star of the field which so often hath pour’d its beam on the battle is set. But enough of its glory remains on each sword to light us to victory yet! OUNT JEROME CEMETERY, DUBLIN. — This line “city of the dead” is situated at Harold’s Cross, now a part of the metropolis, and is recognized, in the main, as a burial place for non-Catholics. Although it contains the dust of many celebrated Irishmen, it is not, like Prospect cemetery, Glasnevin, famous for the imposing character ol its mortuary monuments, if the fine chapel, partially revealed in the sketch, is excepted. This edifice is built in the early Anglo-Gothic style and is generally regarded as a model of its kind. The grounds surrounding it are strikingly beautiful and no expense has been spared to make them attractive to the living and worthy of the departed. The chapel is approached by a broad walk, which leads directly to the main entrance of the cemetery beside Harold’s Cross church. Near it is interred the dust of James Whiteside, one of Ireland’s greatest lawyers — the same wh defended Smith O’Brien and his compatriots when tried for high treason at Clonmel, in 1848. He, subsequently, accepted office under the British government, and thus forfeited his early popularity with the majority of his fellow-countrymen. Here also are buried the relics of the illustrious Thomas Davis, the poet and virtual founder of the “Young Ireland” party, whose ballads will be an inspiration to Irishmen while they remain worthy of their history and their blood. Davis was a Protestant and the son of a Welshman, but he was the most potent “Irish rebel” of his period, and has left the marks of his genius on the pages of Irish history. A life-like statue bv his friend, Hogan, marks the place of sepulture. On his tomb is inscribed the epitaph composed by himself: “He served his country and loved his kind.” 'AKING CLAY PIPES, DROGHEDA. — It is difficult to account for even ordinary human taste, or acquirement of habit. Tobacco, in itself, is a somewhat disgusting weed, and, no doubt, its narcotic properties have more or less evil influence on the human system, unless smoking is moderately indulged in. As for chewing, that vile habit should be considered outside the pale of civilization. No human being, of any pretensions to decency, would think of revealing the coarseness of his appetites — in public, at least. But, if people will smoke, it is only proper that smoking tools should be provided for them. The cigar is not popular in Ireland, and neither, except among the city dudes, is the cigarette. The meerschaum is toe costly for the ordinary smoker, and, therefore, there has to be on sale something that the poorest can purchase. The clay pipe meets this requirement. In general, the shank is curtailed b} the rural purchaser, until the bowl almost touches the lips, and then it is called in the Irish vernacular, a “dudeen.” Nothing so consoles the laboring Irishman as “a blast of the pipe” before, and after, meals, and, more particularly, at bed time. His dreams follow the smoke in its aerial flight, and, behind the dudeen, his woes are forgotten and all his hopes revive. Drogheda is celebrated for the manufacture of clay pipes, and the sketch represents a large collection of the articles, immediately after they have been fashioned by the artificer. The man in the straw hat is, evidently, quite interested in the examination of a “dudeen.” LBERT MEMORIAL, BELFAST. — This artistic memorial, one hundred and forty-seven feet in height, stands at the foot of High Street, and a statue of the Queen of England’s late husband, Prince Albert of Saxe Coburg and Gotha, usually called the Prince Consort, occupies a niche which faces that thoroughfare. The four dials of the tower are illumin- ated at night, so that no Belfast man out late “at his club,” or “lodge” can have any excuse for fibbing to his wife about “the time o’ night,” or morning, when he gets home. He is paternally taken care of by old Father Time at every principal point of the compass. The memorial was erected by public subscription, in 1870 — about the time that Dublin refused a site tor a similar memorial because of the deceased Prince’s well-remembered anti-Irish sentiments. During the great famine period, he is said to have written to the famous German savant, Brron Humboldt, “The Irish deserve no more sympathy than the Poles”; and it is further alleged that he added, “They can eat grass!” These words have been frequently ascribed to the late Prince Consort, and their authenticity has never been contradicted. If he ever wrote, or uttered, them, he was an unfeeling monster. If he did not, he is a much maligned man. The weight of assertion, if not of evidence, is decidedly against him in this case. fsTXIFDEN HARBOR, CO. GALWAY. — This harbor, which is handsomely land-locked, is an inlet of Ardbear Bay, and is noted for the fine scenery which almost encircles it. The yj harbor does not receive an imposing number of ships, but, under happier auspices, it might be made available for vessels of heavy tonnage. The town of Clifden itself is generally regarded as the capital of the picturesque Connemara district, but it is not a place of antiquity, having been founded by the late John D’Arcy, who built Clifden Castle for his own residence in 1815. A village grew up around the mansion, and everything seemed to flourish until the “hard times” came and Mr. D’Arcy’s ready money was exhausted. His tenants were unable to pay their rents, and finally he was compelled to sell his property, for the benefit of his creditors, under the Encumbered Estates Court law. Clifden, after the fall of the D’Arcy family, remained in a lethargic condition until the Midland and Great Western railway system reached it a few years ago. Since then the tourists have thronged to the pretty place, and the fine har- bor now does some shipping business that promises well for future prosperity. As the town possesses good hotel accommodation, it is a favorite point of rendezvous for all visitors to Conne- tTtHE SQUARE, FERMOY, CO. CORK . — As Fermoy is a garrison town, its public square is frequently the scene of fine military parades and maneuvres, especially in the summer ®1® season, when “the bold soldier boys,” in flaming scarlet, can show off" their martial figures to advantage before adoring cooks and nurse maids. The town is one of the best built of its size in Ireland, and has the advantage of standing on the storied banks of the lovely Munster Blackwater, whose name is a synonym of sylvan beauty. Notwithstanding its present aspect of comparative importance and prosperity, Fermoy was a somewhat insignificant place until about the first quarter of this century. In tne vicinity are the ruins of the venerable Abbey of Bridgetown — the shrine and burial place of the once powerful and warlike Norman -Irish family of the Roches. Castletown Roche — formerly the homestead patrimony of the family — is in the neighborhood of the Abbey. The Roches, who had dispossessed the Milesian Irish in the days of Henry II., were themselves dispossessed by the Cromwellians, and Charles II., when restored to the throne, with characteristic ingratitude, for they had lost everything in his father’s cause, refused to reinstate them. The last known representatives of the direct line of this family died in poverty or holding menial positions. (JTDARE ABBEY, CO. LIMERICK. — Ath-dara, the Ford or the Oak Tree, is what the Irish ancients called the place which gives name to the majestic ruins presented in the forego- fi I ing sketch. They are those of the beautiful abbey built by the Desmond Geraldines in the early part of the fourteenth century. The late E^rl of Dunraven, who was an antiquarian of note and spirit, partially restored the edifice for the uses of Protestant worship; and, at the same time, restored the more ancient Black Abbey, also in the neighborhood, for the benefit of the Catholics. Both structures had suffered much from the devastations of armies during the Elizabethan and Cromwellian wars. In this vicinity also rise the remains of the ancient castle of the Earls of Desmond. Adare is noted, town and surrounding country, for the unsurpassed loveliness of its situation on the river Maigue. In many respects it recalls Killarney. Gerald Griffin, one of Ireland’s most gifted poets, wrote cf it: O sweet Adare, O lovely vale, O soft retreat of sylvan splendor! Nor summer sun, nor morning gale e’er hailed a scene more softly tender. How shall I tell the thousand charms within thy verdant bosom swelling, When lulled in nature’s fostering arms, soft peace abides and joy excelling. K ing william’s statue, Dublin. — The equestrian statue of William III. stands in College Green, and has stood there, more or less, since a. d. 1701. We say “more or less,” because no statue in the world, perhaps, has been subject to so many vicissitudes. It has been insulted, mutilated and blown up so many times, that the original figure, never particularly graceful, is now a battered wreck, pieced and patched together, like an old, worn-out garment. The material used in casting the effigy was lead, and, in consequence, there was little difficulty in disfiguring it when the spirit of malice, or mischief, moved the anti-Orange populace of the Irish capital. King William was, however, the idol of the anti-national Prot- estants of Ireland, called Orangemen, to distinguish them from their patriotic co-religionists — the followers of Grattan, Wolfe Tone and the Emmets. This element often fought vigorously in defense of the unfortunate memento of the Victor of the Boyne. Once, indeed, in 1782, the patriotic Protestant Volunteers, who virtually won the parliamentary independence of Ire- land for a time, assembled around the statue and pledged fealty to the cause of their country. Some vears later thev resolved to cease decorating the figure with orange ribbons on July 1 2, so as to avoid giving offense to their Catholic fellow-countrymen. The figure was last blown up in 1836, but was repaired, as shown in the sketch. Since that year it has been left in peace. pTOWRAN, CO. KILKENNY. — The above is one of Kilkenny’s most ancient towns, and was once the seat oi the Fitzpatrick family, one of whose titles, in the modern peerage of l£T Ireland, is derived from it. Grose, in his noted “Antiquities” says of it: “Gowran had a strong castle, which was attacked by Oliver Cromwell, and resolutely defended by Colonel Hammond, who was obliged to surrender, when Oliver ordered every officer but one to be shot, and the Catholic chaplain was hanged at the butcher’s shambles. The church — dealt with in another sketch — seems to be ancient, but there are no traces that it ever was monastic. It was large, and in a little chapel, on the south side, is a monument to John Kelly, a. d. 1626. Another of the same family was buried in 1640, with the following lines after the usual mortuary inscription: “Both wives at once he could not have; both to enjoy at once, he made his grave!” Gowran was one of the towns burned by King Edward Bruce during his invasion of Ireland, for the purpose of achieving her complete independence, in the early part of the fourteenth century. Near to the town, on the verdant banks of the river Barrow, are the fine ruins of Grainemanach Abbey, established for the Cistercians in 1212. It once held King John’s compilation of the survey of Ireland, on which the present counties were formed. The last abbot, who surrendered the abbey to Henry VIII., was McMurrough O’Kavanagh. 'mm. WMM Wmm \ I /HE CATHOLIC CATHEDRAL, ARMAGH.— The old Catholic Cathedral of Armagh, built on the site of King Brian Boru’s grave, and restored by the late Archbishop, Most 4L S Rev. John G. Beresford, for the use of the Protestants of Armagh, having passed into English hands at the time of the Reformation, the Catholics of the primal archdiocese have erected, in recent years, the splendid edifice, called St. Patrick’s Cathedral, shown in the accompanying sketch. Although modern, it is sufficiently imposing, both in width, height and design, and it is superbly finished interiorly. Armagh was the chosen see of St. Patrick, if tradition may be relied upon; but some historians, cleric and lay, hold that Downpatrick held the first place in the affections of the great apostle of Ireland. The city was plundered and burned by the Danes, during their warfare of three centuries against the Irish people and the Christian religion. The English occupied it in Elizabeth’s reign, but they were driven out of it by the indomitable Shane O’Neill, the Proud, who set the entire place on fire, and even the grand old cathedral was destroyed. Archbishop Loftus excommunicated O’Neill, but as the latter did not regard the prelate as a good Irishman, he was not much affected by the decree. Both the Catholic and Protestant Archbishops of Armagh bear the title of “Primate of All Ireland.” The Catholic Archbishop is his Eminence, Cardinal Logue. I ^ETHARD, CO. TIPPERARY. — Fethard is what may be called a somewhat retrograding town, situated about six miles north of Clonmel, in one or the prettiest portions of fertile & Tipperary. Gaelic annalists call the place Fiodh-ard, which means high wood. r l he town was founded in the reign of King John, and is remarkable for the well-preserved condition of the castle and walls built at that time. The Catholic church, partly ancient but mainly restored, is shown in the sketch. Fethard stood some sieges during the long wars that raged between the Anglo-Normans and native Irish, but does not seem to have suffered as much as other places of less importance. Cromwell marched against it in February, 1650, but no resist- ance worthy of the name was made by either the garrison or the towns-people, and, consequently, all were spared the dreadful experiences of Drogheda and Wexford. The Irish troops were allowed to march out with the honors of war, and, strange to say, not even the priests were molested. Stranger still, when we remember the general ferocity of Cromwell’s course in Ireland, they escaped the alternative of “hell or Connaught,” which was almost invariably presented to the antagonists of the Parliamentary army in the Green Isle. One of Cromwell’s most interesting letters — the original of which is in Chicago — is dated from Fethard, which he spells with two small “f’s. ” “I am now,” he says, writing to Col. Phayre at Cork, “in the bowels of Tipperary.” 'ILFORD, CO. DONEGAL. — At the head of Mulrov Eav, on the northern coast of Donegal, embowered in groves of splendid forest trees, stands the pretty hamlet of Milford, sketched above. It is distant but six miles from Rathmullen, celebrated in Irish history as the town from which Hugh O’Neill, the victor of the Yellow Ford; Rory O’Donnell, brother of Red Hugh and chief of Clan-Conal, and their families, sailed for France, finally settling in Rome, a. d. 1607. Rathmullen is situated on Lough Swillv, and a regular stage coach, which travels over a picturesque route, connects it with Milford. Although it has less than five hundred inhabitants, Milford is a fine market town, and has two very good hotels, c or the accommodation of tourists and other visitors. Mulroy Bay is one of the most beautiful estuaries of the Atlantic on the northern Irish coast and is studded with wooded islands. The fishing is of the best, and the climate, in the summer season, can hardly be surpassed. The shores of the bay are undulating and richly clothed in evergreens and heather. Near the town stands Mulroy Castle — once the residence of the notorious Earl of Leitrim, who was assassinated for his crimes against humanity and decency many years ago. He was held in such horror by the people that his slayers were never discovered. LANWORTH, CO. CORK. — The name of the above town is derived from the Gaelic Gleann-amhnach, which means, in English, the Marshy Glen. It is a small place, situated on the Funcheon river, in the county Cork, and possesses little of historic interest, except the remnants of an old castle, and an ancient and picturesque bridge, which spans the rapid river immediately below the ruins of the dismantled fortress. Glanworth experienced some stormy events during the wars of the period of Charles I., when Lord Castlehaven, fighting for the Stuart King, campaigned along the course of the Funcheon, proving himself an able captain when opposed to some of the most renowned of the Parliamentary generals. In former times, the banks of the Funcheon were thickly wooded, particularly with the ash tree, the timber of which made the best of lance and pike handles — articles greatly in demand in the Ireland of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries particularly. The English translation of the word Funcheon is “the ash producing river.” In spite of the devastation of many wars, and the neglect of landowners, “the Funcheon woods” are still celebrated for the high class lumber they produce, and the town of Glanworth is situated in one of the most charming spots along the course of the historic stream. TEW OF ENNISCORTHY, CO. WEXFORD. — This view shows a section of the river Slaney and the bridge which connects the two portions of the famous Wexford town. This bridge was the theatre of the bloodiest conflicts, when two desparate battles were fought in Enniscorthy between the United Irish and British troops, in June, 1798. It is said that, so terrible was the struggle, the bridge was piled with corpses three and four deep, at points, and that the Slaney ran red with the blood of the slaughtered. In both battles, the Irish displayed those wondrous military qualities which, directed by skill and controlled by discipline, as they were in the French and American, and, unfortunately, are in the British armies, make them among the most formidable troops the world has known. At Enniscorthy they fought like men inspired by the god of war himself — rushing on the bayonets, swords and cannon, in solid phalanx, with their primitive but, in those days, very effective pikes, and sweeping all before them in the impetuous torrent of their undisciplined valor. It cannot be denied that the British, on both occasions, displayed a cool intrepidity worthy of admiration. The second battle of Enniscorthy was unfavorable to the Irish, notwithstanding their brilliant courage, and their defeat was followed speedily by the suppression of the insurrection in other parts of the county Wexford. CATHOLIC CHURCH, CASTLEBAR, CO. MAYO.— The town of Castlebar emerged from comparative obscurity during “the troubles” of 1798, when it was occupied for two- weeks by the French and Irish forces under General Humbert. Some account of the battle, generally called “the races” of Castlebar, has been given in another sketch. This place is the chief town of the great county Mayo — Gaelic Magh-eo (Joyce) or Mageo (Bede) meaning “the Plain of the Yew Trees.” It is said that the renowned “Saint Colman, an Irish monk, having retired from the see of Lindisfarne, returned to his native country and erected a monastery at a place called Magheo, in which he settled a number of English monks whom he had brought over with him. For many ages afterward,” continues Dr. Joyce, “this monastery was constantly resorted to by monks from Britain, and hence it is generally called in the Annals, Magheo-na-Saxon — Mayo of the Saxons. The ruins of the old abbey still remain at the village, and from this place the county Mavo derives its name.” Our sketch shows the chief Catholic Church of Castlebar, with a group of school children and their teachers in the foreground. The edifice is plain, but commodious and comfortable. Castlebar is one of the most thoroughly Catholic towns in Ireland, the number of Protestants being quite small. All creeds live there in perfect harmony, as they do in all places in Ireland where Catholics pre- dominate. IEW IN ST. PATRICK’S, DUBLIN . — It has been the complaint of some writers, notably the English traveller, Thomas Cromwell, whose “Excursions Through Ireland” were published in 1820, that many of the statues and other memorials in St. Patrick’s Cathedral were inconsequential and some of them poorly executed. Nearly eighty years have passed away since that criticism was written, and St. Patrick’s has been renovated and restored by the bounty of the late Benjamin Lee Guinness. With prosperity, art would seem to have revived and now, could Thomas Cromwell “revisit the pale glimpses of the moon,” he would find much improvement in both the architecture and the monumental display of the Cathedral. The view presented in the sketch gives a good general idea of the interior arrangement of the building, and displays the statuary and entablatures quite naturally. St. Patrick’s is a gloomy church, heavily pillared, but with a beautiful choir and stained glass windows of exquisite design. Because the renovating architect sought to follow, as closely as possible, the original design, many ■of the features of the 12th century style are faithfully reproduced. 'T. MARY’S CHURCH, CORK. — The sketch displays a wide sweep of the river Lee as it dashes on to St. Patrick’s Bridge, shown in the distance, with the masts of the shipping forming a forest above its battlements, and a fleet of small boats moored in the rapid stream. On the left rises the graceful portico of the Dominican Church of St. Mary’s, which is Hellenic in almost every point of its graceful architecture. The hexastyle portico, of the Ionic order, is the admiration of all visitors to the City of Cork. The figure of the patron saint, in marble, rises above the pediment, and can be seen at a great distance up and down the river. Interiorly, the sacred edifice also recalls the nameless grace that characterizes everything arranged after the Grecian model. Of all the Orders of the Catholic church, the Dominican is most noted for the beauty and finish of its architectural designs. To this great Order be- longed the celebrated preacher and lecturer, the Rev. Thomas Burke, generally called “Father Tom” — an orator who had much of the power that O’Connell possessed of charming the impressionable Irish people. His eloquent voice was heard often in St. Mary’s Church, and the Irish people felt the bereavement to be personal to each one, when the premature death of the brilliant conqueror of the sensational English “historian,” Froude, was announced only a few years ago. /^ILKEE, CO. CLARE. — From having been a mere straggling fishing village, Kilkee — Gaelic St. Caiedehe’s, or Kee’s, church — has, within sixty years, become one of the favorite watering places of the Three Kingdoms. It is about forty miles distant from Kilrush, by water, but only nine miles by road across the peninsula on which it is built. A steam packet connects Kilrush with the city of Limerick, and, recently, other means of communication make Kilkee accessible to all who desire to visit one of the most charming health resorts in the world. Irish bridal couples affect Kilkee almost as much as American “happy pairs” affect Niagara Falls. The town consists of two wide streets, which intersect, and there are many minor streets and lanes. The “West End,” inhabited by the Kilkee “400,” is handsomely laid out in squares and terraces, and this is the section in which forein tourists, who are numer- ous every season, take up their temporary abode. The sketch shows the town, which forms a kind of horse shoe around the head of its bay. Some of the finest cliff scenery in Ireland is in this neighborhood, and the bathing beach is without a rival on that portion of the Irish coast. The giant Rocks of Dungana, which stretch across the bay, forming a natural breakwater, are among “the sights” of the place. j_ - 4 _ c n *-* 0 — G 3 G 03 o a 3 O <-G O ° 2 £ J3 3 O s £ _Q _ _ w • - N C C •- 33 .— i > D •« 00 ^ CO k =o O • — • <*•* ISS < 03 C u .S d) i i CJ JD i— o3 *5 to CO L-. co 8 1 -4-4 O 33 C *-» d) j- ’C . 3 o 33 as U G .2 * C place , in CD X* 4-3 G "a St' T1 O o M now expe CO 1g 4-4 ance near CO ctf SECTION IX 1. Lough Gill, County Sligo. 2. Ardmore Round Tower, County Waterford. 3. Blarney Village, County Cork. 4. St. Caniee’s Cathedral, Kilkenny. 5. Colleen Bawn Caves, Killarney. 6. Kilrush Harbor, County Clare. 7. Waterfoot, County Antrim. 8. View of Dalkey, County Dublin. 9. Devenish Island, Lough Erne, County Fer- managh. 10. City of Londonderry, County Derry. 11. The Square, Dungarvan, County Waterford. 12. Strongbow’s Monument, Christ Church, Dublin. 13. Staircase, New Buildings, Trinity College. 1 4. Exterior View St. Patrick’s Cathedral. Dublin. 15. Gerald Griffin’s Grave, North Monastery, Gork. 16. The Sarsfield Statue, Limerick. 17. St. Finn Bar’s Cathedral, Cork. 18. Warrenpoint, County Down. 19. Quadrangle and Campanile, Trinity College. 20. Passenger Train, en route, Dublin 21. Ferry Car'rig Castle, County Wexford. 22. Giant’s Well, County Antrim. 23. Otter Island, Glengarriff, County Cork. 24. Scene on River Erne, County Donegal. 25. Eagle’s Nest, Killarney. * 26. Interior, Trinity Church, Limerick. 27. Round Tower, Castledermot, County Kildare. 28. Rock of Cashel, County Tipperary. 29. Terrace, Powerseourt Castle, County Wick- low. 30. Crosshaven, Cork Harbor. 31. Military Barracks, Athlone. 32. The Dargan Statue, Dublin. . ' * '5SW : > ■ i\ ' : . 4' . • . • • ■■ . J 3 ) . r W ; Ul:: y ) .! ' ; i ; r : ; - : ‘ .on i ^tru/oO SfO rh>uoJ : ■ / •> 7. 'i: • ;3 ; • . . rv: /UrrA A: \fnuo') :iQ'hi .■ ]. d x fUsl 73 o ■nA . .O- - . I 9 d i. • • V' - : ' V : j ; i ' ■ mu ' M ' - ! ■ 1 i ! ' X rii'BnBirc - >IoiW.^injjoO JettgBD fauoy^sv/oSi ,er.&! l.sT .QA ' ' MOrdmrd A I . n r u ' ; .nildvi d u did ti \vi -;0 oj ■ v; • ! ■ ■ ■ ■ v - - . . • ■ : ioM .- iidiOVl d / A J • > ■ ti‘i - .+« .< ' i ■ ddOd . * Tv OUGH GILL, CO. SLIGO. — This lovely sheet of water, almost engirdled by its guardian mountains, is situated about three miles from the handsome and prosperous town of Sligo. Ivi It is, therefore, easv of access, and, in consequence, is much frequented by tourists, who revel in the fine scenery and the abundant sport offered by the innumerable “finny tribes” that swarm in the lake. Salmon, trout and the very largest species of pike — called “the freshwater shark,” and one of the most difficult of fish to capture — make Lough Gill a very paradise for the enthusiastic angler. The lake contains twenty-three islands, finely arbored in the main. Two of these beauty spots are nearly covered by the ivy-grown ruins of ancient churches, “the names of whose tounders have vanished in the gloom.” The ecclesiastical relics on Innishmore are very picturesque, and evidently of great antiquity. The finest vantage point on Lough Gill is the beautiful estate of the Wynne family, called Hazelwood. Here landscape gardening, on a most liberal scale, has reinforced the bounteous works of nature. There is hardly a finer scene in Ireland than that presented by the view from the mansion at Hazelwood, where mountain, water and wooded island combine their charms to produce a noble picture, fresh from the hands of the Creator. This lake has been made the theatre of one of the best of recent Irish novels, “The Wild Rose of Lough Gill,” by Mr. P. G. Smyth, now con- nected with the Chicago daily press. Ml RDMORE ROUND TOWER, CO. WATERFORD. — The English of Ardmore is Great Height. It was once a place of importance, although now sadly degenerated. It is claimed that St. Declan, who is alleged to have preceded even St. Patrick, was the founder of the churches, the ruins of which, dominated by a most remarkable round tower, are pictured in the sketch. The Saint made it an episcopal see, but that distinction passed away from it long ages ago. The round tower is unique in its construction, differing materially from all other buildings of its kind in Ireland. Instead of rising unbrokenly from base to summit, it is divided into four stories, each having a window of its own. The exterior beltings define the interior divisions. The circumference at the base is about forty-five feet, and the entrance is thirteen feet from the ground. The material used in its construction is cut stone, as care- fully finished as if chiseled by skilled workmen of our own day. Unlike most other Irish round towers, that of Ardmore preserves its conical cap, on the top of which a rudely fashioned cross was placed, nobody knows when, by some pious hand. Cromwell’s soldiers mutilated the sacred emblem by making it a target during their occupation of the country. In the middle ; of the century, two skeletons were discovered by curious diggers in the foundations of the tower, under a bed of concrete. The mystery of their burial there has never been solved. I LARNE Y VILLAGE, CO. CORK . — This town owes more of such celebrity as it possesses to its famous castle and romantically situated lake, than to any advantage possessed by itself^ whether naturally or artificially considered. It is situated about six miles from Cork city, in a rather pretty country, of sylvan aspect. Although its inhabitants are comparatively few, they possess energy and perseverence — qualities that not even discriminating economic laws have been able to destroy. “Blarney tweeds” are celebrated the world over. They hold their own against all comers, and, for “wear and tear,” have never been excelled by fabrics manufactured elsewhere. The late Peter White, who did so much toward introducing Irish cloths into the United States, used to say that “a first-class suit of Blarney tweed would last a life time.” He made use of this observation to a member of a leading clothing firm in Chi- cago, when he was last in America. “Don’t say that, Mr. White,” remarked the good natured merchant, “or you can sell no goods here.” “Why not? ” demanded Mr. White in some astonishment. “Because,” observed the shrewd dealer, “we don’t want to deal in goods so lasting that people won’t want new suits every season.” “Oh, very well,” responded Peter; “then I’ll amend my recommendation by saying almost a lifetime!” Mahony’s Woollen Mills, established in 1824, are Blarney’s chief pride and sustenance. 'T. CANICE’S CATHEDRAL, KILKENNY. — The famous old Cathedral of St. Canice, which, sentinelled by its round tower, stands on an eminence in Kilkenny’s “Irishtown,” I dates from a. d. i 180, although antiquaries claim that the existing structure is built on the site of a church established in the very earliest days of Christianity in Ireland. It is ?- noble ecclesiastical pile, not much less in area than St. Patrick’s or Christ Church cathedral in Dublin. It is, like most edifices of its kind in Ireland, of cruciform shape, two hundred and twenty-six feet from east to west, and the transepts, from north to south, measurs one hundred and twenty-three feet. Its founder was the learned and pious Bishop O’Dullany, who translated, in the latter part of the I 2th century, the ancient Ossorian see from Aghaboe to Kilkenny. There are in the nave a central and two lateral aisles, which communicate by means of pointed arches. Windows of the same form illuminate the aisles, and those which light the upper portion of the nave, five in number, are of quadrefoil shape. Owing to the immensity of the original design, the cathedral remained for centuries in an unfinished state, and even now the tower is so stunted as to be almost rediculously disproportionate to the extent of the build- ing. It is supported on groined arches, which spring from marble columns of massive formation. In the last century Bishop Pococke had the cathedral restored, and its simple grandeur is- its chiefest charm. IsfOLLEEN BAWN CAVES, KILLARNEY. — These caves, which the dramatic genius of Boucicault, in his play of the “Colleen Bawn,” adapted from Gerald Griffin’s masterly liJ novel, “The Collegians,” has made celebrated, bear all the marks and tokens of having been formed by the action of the water at a period when the element was much higher, and more turbulent, in the delightful Killarney region, than it is in our day. While the dramatist, for scenic effect, places the chief incidents of the “Colleen Bawn” in and around the caves and lakes, Griffin, in “The Collegians,” made them quite secondary. In one of his descriptions of the locality he says, speaking of the honeymoon love of Hardness Cregan and Eily O’Connor, the “Colleen Bawn”: “To a mind that is perfectly at freedom, Killarney forms in itself a congeries of Elysian raptures; but to a fond bride and bridegroom! — the heaven to which its mountains rear their naked heads in awful reverence, can alone furnish a superior happiness.” The dark and grewsome aspect of the caves presented in the sketch offers a romantic variety to the brighter and bolder scenes that surround them. It is one ot the great charms ot Killarney that there is so much of contrast in its natural beauties. Lake and river, mountain gorge, towering peak, beetling cliff, pastoral softness, sylvan enchantment all combine to make the place the chosen home of Beauty, as the poet has so well expressed it. TLRUSH HARBOR, CO. CLARE. — This fine harbor is situated on the right bank of the broad estuary of the river Shannon, in the ancient county of Clare — Gaelic, Claragh, which means a level place, although the country is, in parts, remarkably hilly. Kilrush is quite a thriving town — the second in importance in the “shire.” It is the landing place of the steamer that conveys passengers bound for the neighboring sea-bathing resort of Kilkee, from Limerick and other important points “up the river.” The Quay, shown in the picture, is well built, and boats of heavy burden can anchor close up to it, at any stage of the tide. The town of Kilrush is favorably situated for tourists who like yachting and fishing on a large scale. Besides, “Scattery Island,” or Inniscattery, renowned for its monastic ruins, is easily reached from there. This island is three miles in circumference, and is situated about a mile from the northern shore of the river. At one time, it is said, Inniscattery contained eleven churches, and the remains of six are still discernible, together with a partially ruined round tower, 87 feet in height. King Brian Boru drove the Danes from Inniscattery late in the 10th century. The sacred piles were built by St. Senan, an anchorite, who hated women. Moore has made him the hero of one of his best known poems, “St. Senanus and the Lady.” The Gaelic name of the island was Inis-Cathaig. In addition to the ruins, it possesses a small village, a lighthouse and a battery. Queen Elizabeth made over the place to the corporation of Limerick, whose title has been only lately confirmed by process of law. ATERFOOT, CO. ANTRIM. — The above pretty hamlet is situated in the recess of Red Bay, about midway between Cushendall and Garron Point, on the Antrim coast. The whole region is a series of noble pictures from the great book of nature. In the neighborhood of Waterfoot are the ruins of Red Bay Castle, once occupied by the McDonnell family, who, for centuries, dominated this section of Ulster. The cliffs in the vicinity are mostly composed of red sand stone, and the constant action of the sea has hollowed at their base many picturesque caverns. Glenariff, acknowledged to be the loveliest of the glens of Antrim, opens on Red Bay. The cliffs extending from Red Bay Castle to Garron Point have an average altitude of about 600 feet, “the upper two hundred feet being almost perpendicular, rising from the sloping undercliff.” Dark gorges and deep ravines, through which impetuous torrents dash to the sea, break the strong formation of the cliffs at many points and serve to agreeably diversify the scenery of the locality. One of the most noted spots in the neighborhood of Waterfoot, which is a favorite stopping place of tourists, is Nanny’s Cave, which is said to have been occupied for more than half a century by an eccentric woman, named Ann Murray, •who died in 1847. TEW OF DALKEY, CO. DUBLIN. — The preceding sketch gives a good general view of the very pleasant metropolitan suburb of Dalkey, which has the advantage of ocean and fejl mountain views, rarely found in the immediate neighborhood of great cities. Fortunately for the town, the municipal authorities never granted the right of way to the railroads to run right along the beach, and, in this way, Dalkey has escaped the disagreeableness visited by the iron horse on other small and previously prosperous communities, which depended, in a great measure, on sea-bathing patronage. People, in general, are disinclined to bathe close up to railroad tracks, and they can hardly be blamed for this very natural aversion. In the summer season, Dalkey is one of the liveliest places in Ireland. Bands play every evening at Sorrento Point, the tongue of land which juts into the bay, and is cool even in the dog days, because of the ocean breezes that constantly fan it. A fashionable terrace rises at the head of the Point, and from it is obtained one of the grandest views of Irish coast scenery. The one drawback to Dalkev, as a summer resort, is that most of the shore front has been bought up for purposes of building by private speculators, and the people at large are thus excluded from, some of the most attractive portions of the Dalkey coast. |EVENISH ISLAND, LOUGH ERNE, CO. FERMANAGH. — The above picturesque and venerable “spot of ground” is situated in the entrance to Lower Lough Erne, about two miles from the town of Enniskillen. Its Gaelic name is Daimh-inis, pronounced almost the same as in English, and signifies, according to leading Irish savants, the Island of the Oxen. The foundation of the abbey, whose ruins still remain, is attributed to St. Molaisse, a native of the district of Carbery, in the county Sligo. He was educated at the University of Clonard, and removed to Devenish in his youth. By some it is held that he was Bishop of Clogher and the period of his death is fixed in the latter portion of the 6th century. The round tower, 70 feet high, is generally allowed to be the most perfect in Ireland. “In addition to the usual four orifices facing the cardinal points near the summit,” says Professor Addey, “it has, on the northeast side, three windows — square, triangular and round. The latter, which is 1 2 feet from the ground, and approached by three rude steps, was evidently intended as an entrance. Beneath the conical apex appears the unusual decoration of a richly designed cornice, with a human head sculptured on the keystone of each of the upper windows.” In the ruins of the adjacent priory are to be seen many rich carvings, and the evidences of a belfry, which would go far to disprove the theory that the round towers were ever used for that pur- pose. Devenish is still a favorite burial place. rrriTY OF LONDONDERRY, CO. DERRY. — This famous city, which was, during the Jacobite war, to the Protestants of Ireland what Limerick was to the Catholics, stands on ? Lj rising ground above the western bank of the river Foyle. Its ancient Gaelic name was Daire-Calgaich — the Oak Wood of Calgach. After the Flight of the Earls, in 1607, James I. “granted” the town and surrounding territory, as part of the “confiscated” lands of the native Irish, to certain London corporations, whence the name Londonderry. The national Irish speak of it as ‘Derry.” In 1609, the English strongly fortified the town, and most of the gates, and the thick wall, are still well preserved. The chief celebrity of the place is derived from the long and successful defense made in -1688-89, ^ rom December to July, by the Williamite garrison and inhabitants against the investing army of King James II., under General Rich- ard Hamilton, Marshal de Rosen and, finally, the King himself. At one time, the city was on the point of surrendering to Hamilton, on favorable terms, when, with his usual fatuity. King James interfered, appeared before the town, was fired upon, had an officer killed by his side, and was, at last, compelled to withdraw, chagrined and discomfitted. On July 30, 1689, the relieving expedition, under General Kirke, sailed up the Foyle and the siege was at an end. The defense, throughout, was most gallant, and the Irish Protestants, from a military stand- point, have good reason to be proud of it. Said the Catholic orator, Meagher, in 1846: “We do homage to Irish valor, whether it conquers on the walls of Derry, or capitulates with honor before the ramparts of Limerick!” \ I /HE SQUARE, DUNGARVAN, CO. WATERFORD. — Dungarvan town is situated in the county of Waterford, twenty-five miles southwest of the city of that name, on the river Colligan, where it falls into the capacious but rather shallow bay. The sketch shows the square in which the Fairs and Markets are held. Of the former, there are four in the course of each year, about the beginning of each season, and the markets are of almost daily occurrence. The town contained in the middle of this century a population of 6,500, but the num- ber, owing to emigration, is now greatly reduced. Dungarvan is much frequented in summer as a sea-bathing resort. It has fairly good hotels and lodging houses. The fishing industry is one of the main supports of the place, but is not nearly as profitable as in former vears. The place is noted in recent Irish history as the unwitting cause of the fatal breach between Daniel O’Connell and the Young Ireland section of the Repealers, in July 1846, when the famed orator, Richard Lalor Sheil, who had been appointed Master of the Mint by the Whigs, was re-elected, under O’Connell’s auspices, to represent the borough in the British parliament. The Young Irelanders opposed place begging on principle. O’Connell held it was better to have friends than foes in high places, in which he was inconsistent as a Repealer. Division and disaster were the result of the quarrel. QTRONGBOW’S MONUMENT, CHRIST CHURCH, DUBLIN. — Richard de Clare, Earl of Pembroke, nicknamed “Strongbow,” because of his strength and skill in archery, was the chief, and most accomplished, of the band of Norman adventurers that invaded Ireland on the invitation of Dermod MacMurrough, the traitor King of Leinster, during the years 1 169-72. MacMurrough eloped with the wife of O’Ruarc, Prince of Breffni, during the latter’s absence on a pious pilgrimage. This led to the adulterer’s flight from Ireland, and the subsequent fatal invasion of the Normans. The poet Moore has immortalized the episode in his well known ballad, “The Valley Lay Smiling before Me.” Strongbow, after making ruminal conquest of Leinster, married Eva, the heiress of MacMurrough, and laid claim to a large portion of Irish territory, which he held with the strong hand. This great Norman chief was as politic as brave, for, says his biographer, Cambrensis, “what he could not effect by force, he accomplished by soft words and fair promises.” He died not many years after the invasion and was interred in Christ Church, which he had aided in restoring. The roof fell in and wrecked the original monument during the fifteenth century, but the latter was re-erected by Sir Henry Sydney, Lord Deputy, during the reign of Elizabeth. The full length effigy shown in the sketch is alleged to be that of Strongbow, while the half length figure is said to rep- resent his son, who, for cowardice or disobedience in battle, was cut in two by his affectionate sire. [TAIRCASE, NEW BUILDINGS, TRINITY COLLEGE. — The preceding sketch gives a view of the fine staircase in that portion of Trinity College, called the New Buildings, generally conceded to be the most artistic section of the famous Dublin university. The design was by the great architect. Sir Thomas Deane, and the buildings were erected in 1854-55, at a cost of ^26,000. The style of architecture is Venetian throughout, and no part of the handsome edifice is more admired than the classic stairway pictured above. It is unfortunate that the more ancient portions of Trinity College have been so “reconstructed,” as to destroy almost wholly their original form and reduce them to a monotonous condition of mediocrity. Hardly a suggestion of their original style remains, and it is only in the thoroughly modern sections of the institution that the justly acquired Irish reputation for antique taste in construction is maintained. If the “improving” architects had given more study to appearance and less to convenience, the old portions of Trinity might be held worthy to rank beside that noble quartette of buildings, the Irish Houses of Parliament, the Four Courts, the Custom House and the General Post Office. The New Buildings contain the Engineering school, the lecture rooms of the Divinity and Law schools and apartments devoted to special examinations. E XTERIOR VIEW ST. PATRICK’S CATHEDRAL, DUBLIN. —The above fine exterior view of St. Patrick’s Cathedral will be immediately recognized by all who have visited the more ancient portion of the Irish capital. It has stood there since the last decade of the 12th century, and, since the “Reformation,” has changed hands, and creeds, more than once. The edifice had fallen sadly into decay when public spirit moved the late Sir Benjamin Lee Guinness to have it restored, and partially reconstructed, out of his own funds. He fol- lowed, as far as possible, the architectural ideas of Archbishop John Comyn, the Anglo-Norman prelate, who founded it in the time of Henry II. The spire has always been an eye-sore, and has been compared by the witty Dubliners to a candle extinguisher. In another sketch, dealing with the interior of the cathedral, we have mentioned its area, the monuments it con- tains and other features of interest. During his stay in Dublin, 1689-90, King James II., a devout Catholic, regularly attended mass at St. Patrick’s, which, at that period, became once more, temporarily, a Catholic place of worship. It is related that one of the Protestant English lords, who followed his fortunes, generally accompanied the Monarch to the church, and then took his leave. This lord’s father was a Catholic, and James’ was not. On one occasion the King said to him: “Your lordship’s father would have gone farther!” To which the other immediately answered: “Your Majesty’s father would not have gone so far!” ,j jaif **** * .&*** ERALD GRIFFIN’S GRAVE, NORTH MONASTERY, CORK. — The sketch shows the pretty cemetery of the Christian Brothers, at the North Monastery, City of Cork. In the grave marked by the single Celtic cross repose the remains of the gentle poet and novelist, Gerald Griffin, author of “The Collegians,” pronounced by many British critics to be among the most perfect of romances. From this play Boucicault constructed his famous tragedy of “The Colleen Eawn,” which held the stage so long and so triumphantly. Griffin, who had become a religious a year or two before his death, was born in Limerick, of ancient Irish stock, in 1803. He died in the North Monastery, of typhus fever, June 12, 1840, and was buried three days later. His literary talent was developed in boyhood, and his eldest brother. Dr. William Griffin, fostered his genius and gave him every advantage that a fine educa- tion could bestow. When a mere stripling he proceeded to London, and, after many trials and tribulations, managed, in spite of prejudice and isolation, to win a place in literature. His first attempts were in the dramatic line, and one of his plays, “Gisippus,” possesses great merit. Some of his poetry is exquisite, but it is in his prose works, particularly his Irish novels, so true to nature, that his name will live. A year before his death he wrote thus of the spot where he sleeps: “Close by the walk stands a little burying ground, where the head-stones of a few Brothers invite us to a de profundis, and a thought or two on the end of all things, as we are passing.” H 3 n t; A) rr i- 2 /-h c W • O G *-G *X3 *■* •*-* os -*-» tw S u a G i fl .rt -*-* rr> *-« G U 0 ~ r ^ ° .s a; .2 .2 Z. -x T3 U ^ « T V u 4 > CO O o o