Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from Boston Library Consortium Member Libraries http://www.archive.org/details/guidebookofbosto1906burr2 A GUIDE-BOOK OF BOSTON FOR PHYSICIANS lA Guide-Book of Boston for Physicians Prepared for the FIFTY-SEVENTH ANNUAL SESSION OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION June fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth 1906 EDITED BY DR. WALTER L. BURRAGE o BOSTON The Merry mount Press MDCCCCVI F r US Copyright, 3 906, by Robert Bayley Osgood All rights reserved D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston • ... 4 ft ioflC BOSTON COLLEGE LIBR'RT JUL ID 19BC CHESTNUT HILL, MA 02167 INTRODUCTION This Guide zvas prepared with the hope that, by its use, our visitors may derive the maximum information and pleasure with the minimum expenditure of time and energy. We have tried not only to mention the points of historical interest, in which Boston and its vicinity are so rich, but also to give the most recent data of present-day Boston. Many places of great interest have received only passing notice, as an extended description coidd not be given in a book of this kind. Particular attention, however, has been paid to the various medical institutions and hospitals, an index of which may be found on pages 169-171. The illustrations have been prepared with care, and xvill, ive hope, be a pleasure as well as an aid. The maps are the most recent and trustworthy. Boston ' l ' 3 THE OLD CORNER BOOK STORE five cents. Spring Lane, the next street to Milk Street on the right- hand side, going north on Washington Street, is supposed to be the site of the earliest spring mentioned by the first settlers. The Old Corner Book Store on Washingon Street, corner of School Street and nearly opposite Spring Lane, is a weathered relic of the past, soon to give way to a modern office building. It was built in 1712, and has been a bookstore ever since 1828. Ticknor and Fields, and their successors, occupied the store for a series of years, and many noted authors were wont to gather here. On the opposite side of Washington Street, from the Old South Church, and one hundred yards or so south, is a passage- 20 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION way leading into Province Court. In the court may be seen a portion of the wall of the old Province House (1667), used as a residence for the governors in colonial times. Going up School Street we come to the Niles Building on the right-hand side of the street, not far from the Old Corner Book Store.-This was the site from 1785 to 1815 of the dwell- ing of Dr. John Warren, brother of Dr. Joseph Warren and great-grandfather of the present Dr. John Collins Warren. He was the first Professor of Anatomy and Surgery in the Harvard Medical School. Note the portion of the old fireplace and the tablet set in the wall of the entrance hall. In front of the City Hall (1862), on School Street, are the statues of Benjamin Franklin, by Richard Greenough, and that of the elder Josiah Quincy, by Thomas Ball. The first public Latin schoolhouse in the town, the predecessor of the present Latin School on Warren Avenue, was erected on the spot be- tween the City Hall and King's Chapel in 1635, whence the name of the street. See the tablet on the stone post in the fence in front of City Hall. Passing through City Hall Avenue we come to the rear of the Old Court House, built in 1836 from the designs of Solomon Willard, the architect of Bunker Hill Monument. It is associated with the fugitive-slave riots. The colonial prison was on this site. Returning to School Street, and passing to Tre- mont, we come to King's Chapel. Built in 1754, it is the second King's Chapel on the site, and the first Episcopal Church in Bos- king s chapel GUIDE TO BOSTON 21 THE WINTHROP TOMB ton. It was built of Quincy granite from designs of Peter Harrison, an Englishman, and has been little altered. Note the communion table of 1688 and the tablets. It is now occu- pied by a Unitarian society. The sexton will show the church to members of the Association be- tween the hours of 9.30 a.m. and Jf p. m., daily. The Kings Chapel Burying- Ground is nearly as old as Boston. The earliest interment of which there is a record is that of Governor Winthrop in 1649. John Cotton (1652), pastor of the First Church; Rev. Thomas Thacher (1678), first pastor of the Old South Church; Gover- nor John Leverett (1809), and Judge Oliver Wendell, grand- father of Oliver Wendell Holmes, were buried here. Across School Street from King's Chapel is the Parker House, one of the chief hotels of Boston. A part of the hotel covers the site of Edward, Everett Hale's birthplace. Across Tremont Street is the Tremont Office Building, occupying the site of the Tremont House, a famous inn for sixty years previous to 1 889- Tremont Temple, next to the Parker House, was founded as a Free Baptist Church in 1839- The present building is the fourth temple on this site. The Granary Burying-Ground is on the west side of Tremont Street, between Beacon and Park streets. Here lie buried John Hancock, Sam- uel Adams, James Otis, Robert Treat Paine, Peter Faneuil, Paul Revere, Josiah Franklin and wife (parents of Benjamin Franklin), John Phillips, first mayor of Boston, and father of Wen- dell Phillips; many governors, as Richard Bellingham and James Bow- JOHN HANCOCK MONUMENT 22 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION FRANKLIN MONUMENT doin, and the victims of the Boston Massacre of 1770. Park Street Church (1808) (Con- gregational Trinitarian) adjoins the Granary Burying-Ground at the cor- ner of Tremont and Park streets, — \ "Brimstone Corner/' so called by the unrighteous. It is the best ex- ample remaining in the city of the early nineteenth century ecclesiasti- cal architecture. It stands on the site of the town granary, from which the town agents sold grain to the poor. Here William Lloyd Garrison gave his first public address against slav- ery, and Charles Sumner delivered his great oration on "The War System of Nations." In this church "America" was first sung on July 4, 1832. Opposite the entrance to the Granary Burying- Ground, on the corner of Bromfield Street, is the Paddock Office Building, on the site of the old Pad- dock mansion; and look- ing into Hamilton Place, nearly opposite the en- trance to Park Street Church, we see the north- erly front of the old Music Hall, built by the Har- vard Musical Association in 1852, and now a vaude- ville theatre. Theodore \ Parker preached here, and this was the home of the L Boston Symphony Orches- PARK STREET CHURCH GUIDE TO BOSTON 23 tra until the new Symphony Hall, at the corner of Massachu- setts and Huntington avenues, was built in 1900. No. 2 Park Street was the house of Dr. John C. Warren. Here Dr. J. Mason Warren was born and died, and the pre- sent Dr. J. Collins Warren began practice. It was occupied for a short time by the historian, John Lothrop Motley. Boston Common was set apart as a place for a training field and for feeding the cattle in 1634, four years after the settlement of the town. It extended originally from the junction of Beacon and Tremont streets to the waters of the Charles River, where Charles Street is now. At present it comprises about forty-nine acres, and is bounded by Beacon, Park, Tremont, Boylston and Charles streets, being separated from the Public Garden by the last-named street. It has been preserved intact by orders of the town, and by a clause in the City Charter, forbidding its sale or lease, or the laying out within its precincts of any highway or railway. Handsome trees and broad walks have been per- manent features of the Common for many years. It is still used as a training field by the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company (1637), who annually go through their manoeuvres on the Parade Ground on the Charles Street side, and by the Boston School Regiment, who have their May trainings upon it. It was from the Parade Ground that the British took boats for Lexington and Concord in April, 1775, and later assembled forces for Bunker Hill. Cows were pastured on the Common as late as 1830. The broad walk along Tremont Street is called Lafayette Mall. When the Subway was started in 1895, the mall was bordered by several rows of ancient elms which were in a decadent condition. These were removed by the building of the Subway. Note the granite buildings at the entrances and exits of the Subway. Also on the opposite side of Tremont Street, between Winter Street and Temple Place, St. Paul's Church, the fourth Episcopal church in Bos- ton, dating from 1820. Daniel Webster attended this church, and the remains of Prescott, the historian, are buried in the crypt. About halfway between West and Mason streets, in the 24 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION green facing Lafayette Mall, is the Crispus Attucks Monument, by Robert Kraus, erected by the State in 1888 to commemo- rate the Boston Massacre of 1770. In Mason Street, entered just beyond the Crispus Attucks Monument, is the second home in Boston of the Harvard Medi- cal School. The building on the easterly side of the street, next to the entrance of the Boston Theatre, and occupied in the lower story by the horseless fire engine, and also as the fire chief's house, was erected in 1815 for the Medical School, and was occupied by the school until 1847. Upstairs are now the rooms of the Boston School Committee. The Boston Theatre, which was first opened to the public in 1854, was in its day the finest and largest theatre in the country, and even now can hold its own in point of size and acoustic properties. The stage is 100 x 96 feet, and the auditorium seats 3,037 people. "The Rivals" was the opening play, given by an excellent cast. Among the famous men and women seen on this stage, John Gilbert, Edwin Forrest, Edwin Booth, Charlotte Cushman, Clara Louise Kellogg, Ole Bull, Clara Morris, Joseph Jefferson, Adelaide Phillips and Carlotta Patti are the most noted. On one corner of Boylston and Tremont streets is the Ma- sonic Temple (1898), housing thirteen different lodges, and on the opposite corner the Touraine, one of Boston's leading hotels, on the site of the mansion house of President John Quincy Adams. Motor busses for "seeing Boston" are to be found on Tremont Street, near this hotel. On the corner of Washington and Boylston streets the Con- tinental Clothing House is on the site of the Boylston Mar- ket, one of the two original markets of the old town ; and oppo- site it, on the other side of Washington Street, in the wall of the building on the corner of Essex Street, is a stone tablet mark- ing the location of the Liberty Tree, planted in 1646, and cut down by the Tories in 1775. When cut up it made fourteen cords of wood. A flagstaff was erected on the stump of the tree, and the ground around it was called "Liberty Hall" for many years. The old Central Burying- Ground (1756) is on the Boylston GUIDE TO BOSTON 25 Street side of the Common. Here are buried Gilbert Stuart, the portrait painter, and M. Julien, he of Julien soup fame. Coming from France as a refugee from the French Revolution, he kept a famous re- staurant, called "Ju- the frog pond lien's Restorator,"the first of the sort in the town. The Army and Navy Monument is on the hill nearly in the centre of the Common. It was erected by the city in 1877, and is the work of Martin Milmore. At the foot of this hill, to the east, stood the "Great Elm," which was thought to be older than the town. From its limbs witches and pirates were hung. It was blown down in a windstorm February 1 5, 1 876. A tree, grown from a shoot, and an iron tablet now mark the site. On the easterly side of Monument Hill is the Frog Pond, a shallow pool, the survivor of a marshy "the long path" bog which formerly oc- boston common cupied this ground. The children sail their boats here in the summer and skate in winter. "The Long Path," which runs from Joy Street to Boylston Street, is made immortal in Dr. Holmes's "Autocrat of the Breakfast-Table. ' ' 26 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION Copyright, 1 897, by "The above reproduction Augustus St. Gaudens Ixed by the sculptor SHAW MONUMENT One of the finest pieces of outdoor sculp- ture in the city is the Colonel Robert Gould Shaw Memorial (1897) on the Beacon St. Mall, facing the State House. The large bronze tablet in high relief, repre- senting Colonel Shaw mounted at the head of his troops, is the work of Augustus St. Gaudens, and the ar- chitect of the elaborate stone setting is Charles F. McKim. There is an inscription by President Eliot, and also verses by Lowell and Emerson. On Beacon Street, opposite the Shaw Memorial, is a large freestone house, No. 2Q, on the site of the John Hancock House. A bronze tablet set in the iron fence in front of the house commemorates the fact that here stood the residence of John Hancock, the first signer of the Declara- tion of American Independence, and first governor of Massa- chusetts under the State Constitution. \\ ■ ■, - The State House (1795), with its gilded dome, stands at the top of a broad sweep of gran- ite steps on Beacon Hill. It occupies the cow pas- ture of the Hancock es- tate. The historic Bulfinch Front w r as designed by Charles Bulfinch, and was the Massachusetts State House Until 1853, when an addition to the Mt. THE JOHN HANCOCK HOUSE GUIDE TO BOSTON 27 Vernon Street side was built. The State House Annex, the por- tion of the building extending back to Derne Street, crossing Mt. Vernon Street by an arch, was built on the site of the old STATE HOUSE stone reservoir in 1889. The dome was first gilded in 1874, and of late years it has been illuminated at night by rows of electric lights. On the highest of the three original peaks of the hill rising to the rear, and north of the Bulfinch Front, the Beacon, from which the hill takes its name, was erected early in 1600, to warn the country of danger. It consisted of an iron skillet, filled with combustibles, suspended from a mast. An Independence Monument, the first in America, designed by Bulfinch, was erected on the site of the Beacon in 1790, and in 1811, when the peak was levelled, this monument was destroyed, only the tablets and the gilded wooden eagle which surmounted it being pre- served. The present monument, a reproduction of the Bulfinch one, was erected by the Bunker Hill Monument Association in 1898, as nearly as possible on the site of the original beacon. 28 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION In front of the State House are the statues of Horace Mann, by Emma Stebbins, on the side towards the Hancock House, and Daniel Webster, by Hiram Powers, on the north side. Far- ther away, on the Beacon Street side, is the equestrian statue of Major-General Joseph Hooker, by D. C. French, the horse by E. C. Potter. The statue on the lawn near the monument is that of Major-General Charles Devens, by Olin L. Warner. The entrance hall in the Bui finch Front is Doric Hall. Note the statues of Washington and Governor John A. Andrew, and the brass cannon captured in the War of 1812. The historical paintings in the Grand Staircase Hall are to be noted. In the marble Memorial Hall are the battle flags car- ried by the Massachusetts Volunteers in the Civil War, and mural paintings by H. O. Walker and Edward Simmons. In Representatives Hall see the historic codfish suspended opposite the speaker's desk. This is a reproduction of the wooden codfish, a emblem of the staple of commodities of the Colony and the Province," which hung from the ceiling of Representatives' Hall in the Old State House on Washington Street. In the State Library in the State House Annex is the fa- mous Bradford Manuscript, the "History of Plimoth Planta- tion," the so-called "Log of the c Mayflower,'" by Governor William Bradford. This was found in the library of the Bishop of London's palace at Fulham, and was returned to the Com- monwealth in 1897, through the efforts of Senator Hoar of Massachusetts, and the Hon. Thomas F. Bayard, ambassador at the Court of St. James. On the south side of the State House is Hancock Street, and at No. 20 was the home of Charles Sumner, the successor of Daniel Webster in the United States Senate. The Boston Athenaeum (1849) is on Beacon Street, east side, just below Park Street. It is a library of over two hundred thousand volumes, including many rare books. It was formerly an art gallery as well, many of its valuable works of art now being at the Museum of Fine Arts on Copley Square. The Congregational House, the Unitarian Building and the GUIDE TO BOSTON 29 Ford Memorial (Baptist) are close at hand on Beacon Street. In Somerset Street, No. 18, are the rooms of the New England Historic Genealogical Society (1844), where there is a valuable library of more than fifty thousand volumes and one hundred thousand pamphlets, comprising the best known collection of biographies, genealogical works and histories, and many rare manuscripts and relics. In Somerset Street are the headquarters of Boston Univer- sity (1869), for both sexes. The schools of liberal arts and all sciences are here, the school of medicine (homeopathic) being on East Concord Street at the South End. Somerset Street leads us from Beacon Street to Pemberton Square, by the first turn on the right, where the present County Court House (1 887) is situated. John Cotton's house (1633) stood on the southeast side of the square near the entrance from Scol- lay Square. Next to it was Sir Harry Vane's house when he was governor of the colony in 1636. The Cotton estate originally covered a large part of Pemberton Square, and at one time gave the name of Cotton to the hill. The Howard Athenaeum, an old playhouse, on Howard Street, off Court, was founded in 1 845, occupying on its present site a building once used for the tabernacle of a so-called prophet named Miller. The theatre was opened with "The School for Scandal," the participants being noted actors and actresses. In 1 846' the building was burned, and the present structure was built in the same year. Here the famous actor William Warren made his debut in "The Rivals." The famous Viennoise children were also first seen here. The house is most noted as being the scene of the first production of Italian opera ever given in Boston. The company was from Havana, and pre- sented " Ernani " in 1 847. The prestige of the theatre has gradu- ally declined, until now the house is known only as a variety theatre. Scollay Square — so called because the residence of William Scollay (1800) stood on the site of the old Boston Museum, No. 18 Tremont Street — is formed by the junction of Court and Tremont streets. Running out of the square, besides Court 30 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION and Tremont streets., are Cornhill, Pemberton Square and Brat- tle Street. This is one of the great centres of traffic. Below the surface are the Tremont Street Subway and the terminus of the East Boston Tunnel, and in the future the Boston end of the Cam- bridge Subway will be here also. The electric cars from the re- gion north of Boston pass around a loop in the Subway at this point. Cornhill (181 6) was always a street of bookshops, and was originally called "Cheapside," after the London street. About midway on the north side is a narrow alley called Franklin Avenue, leading to Brattle Street. On the east corner of Franklin Avenue and Corn- hill was the printing office of James Franklin, where Ben- jamin Franklin learned the printer's trade as his bro- ther's apprentice. Here he composed and printed the ballads on "The Lighthouse Tragedy ' ' and on " Teach ' ' (or "Blackbeard"), the pirate, which he peddled about the FRANKLIN S PRESS ^^ Opposite the Brattle Square end of Franklin Avenue was Murray's Barracks, where were quartered from 1768 to 1770 the most obnoxious of the British regiments,— the Twenty-Ninth. Here the trouble began w T hich ended in the Boston Massacre. The Quincy House, a hotel on Brattle Street, is on the site of the first Quaker Meeting-House (1697), the first brick church in the town. On the opposite side of the street was the Brattle Square Church (1773) (Unitarian), razed in 1871, which bore in its front wall a cannon ball as a memento of the siege of Boston. This cannon ball is now preserved in the rooms of the Massachusetts Historical Society, corner of Boylston Street and the Fenway. A portion of the stonework of this church is incorporated in the tower of its successor, bought by the GUIDE TO BOSTON 31 FANEUIL HALL First Baptist So- ciety^ at the cor- ner of Common- wealth Avenue and Clarendon Street. Adams Square, in Washington St. at the foot of Cornhill and Brattle Street, is decorated by a bronze statue of Samuel Adams, by Anne Whit- ney. It repre- sents him as he is supposed to have appeared as chairman of the committee of the town meeting the day of the Boston Massacre, when before Lieutenant-Governor Hutchinson and the Council in the Council Chamber of the Old State House, neat at hand. The easterly part of Adams Square merges into Dock Square, which was at the head of the old Town Dock. Faneuil Hall (1763), the "Cradle of Liberty/' is on made land at the mar- gin of the dock. The Adams Square station of the Subway is not far off, and many cars pass at frequent intervals down Washington Street The original building was given to the town of Boston as a market house by Peter Faneuil (pronounced fauet) (1700- 1743), whose mansion was on Tremont Street opposite King's Chapel Burying-Ground. The building was of brick, and sub- stantial, and was completed only a few months before Faneuil's death. It was one hundred feet long, forty feet wide, and two stories high, and the hall, which was an afterthought of the donor, held one thousand persons. 32 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION The building was burned in 1762, and was reconstructed at once by the town, the old walls being used in the new one. The first public meeting in this hall was held March 14, 1763, when the patriot, James Otis, consecrated it to the cause of Li- berty. Before the Revolution the historic town meetings were held in the hall to debate "justifiable resistance" and the rights of the colonists. During the siege of Boston the hall was transformed into a playhouse by the British. Since the Revolution it has been the popular meeting place of citizens on important occasions, and the home of free speech. Daniel Web- ster, Wendell Phillips and Charles Sumner spoke here. In 1805 the building was remodelled by the architect, Charles Bulfinch, when it was doubled in width and made a story higher, and in 1898 it was reconstructed with fireproof material on the Bul- finch plan. A market has been maintained in the ground floor and base- ment from the beginning. Across the street is the long granite Quincy Market, built during the administration of Mayor Josiah Quincy in 1825. There is a fine collection of portraits in Fanueil Hall, nota- bly the full-length Washington, by Gilbert Stuart; the portrait of Peter Faneuil; Webster's Reply to Hayne, by G. P. A. Healy; and the "war governor," John A. Andrew, by William M. Hunt. The gilded grasshopper on the cupola of the building is the rejuvenated one of 1742, fashioned by "Deacon" Shem Drowne, who was immortalized by Hawthorne in "Drowne's Wooden Image." Drowne's shop was hard by. The Ancient and Honora- ble Artillery Company (1637) have occupied the rooms over the hall for many years. Here is a museum of relics of Revolutionary, Provincial and Colonial times. Open week days, 9 a. m. to 4- p- m - Free. Passing through Exchange Street from Dock Square brings us to the lower end of the Old State House (see cover of Guide-Book and other printed matter for this session of the Association), which stands in the middle of the street at the head of State Street, formerly King Street. The first Town GUIDE TO BOSTON 33 House was built on this site in 1657, and was destroyed by fire in 1711. The second Town and Province House (17 12), on the same site, was burned in 1747, its walls only being preserved, and these are the walls of the pre- sent building. It has been used as Town House, as Province Court House, Court House, State House and City Hall. It was restored in 1882 to its original appear- ance, after being used for business purposes. The lion and unicorn which ornament its eastern end are new and faithful reproduc- tions of the origi- nal ones which were destroyed during the Revolution. The ar- chitecture of the building has not been changed, except to make entrances and exits to the basement for the Subway and East Boston Tun- nel. There is a window of twisted crown glass in the second story, out of which all the later royal governors of the pro- vince and the early governors of the Commonwealth looked. The eastern room on the second floor was the Council Chamber, and the western room the Court Chamber, the Hall of the Re- presentatives being between the two. The Bostonian Society has a collection of antiquities and relics in the upper stories. State Street Square, the portion of the street toward which the Old State House faces, together with the site of the Old State House, were originally the public marketstead in early THE OLD STATE HOUSE AND SCENE OF BOSTON MASSACRE 34 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION colonial days. Here were placed the stocks, whipping-post and pillory., and this was the gathering-place of the populace. On the evening of March 5, 1770, occurred the Boston Massacre, so-called, when the soldiers shot down the people and the first blood of the Revolution was shed. Three were killed and two mortally wounded. The site is marked by a tablet on the wall at the corner of Exchange Street. Observe the circular arrange- ment of the paving stones in the street opposite the tablet marking the spot. Note the in- scription on No. 27 State St., the Brazer Building, marking the site of the first meeting- house (1 632). The tall granite Boston council chamber Stock Exchange Building (at old state house No 5tS ^f art h e r down thestreet on the right-hand side, covers the site of Governor Winthrop's first house, and at the corner of Kilby Street stood the Bunch of Grapes Tavern, a celebrated inn in provincial times. At the corner of India Street is the United States Custom House (1847). Turning down India Street we come to the gran- ite Chamber of Commerce Building (1902). A little farther along is Custom House Street, w T here is the Old Custom House (Nos. 14 to 20), in which Bancroft, the historian, and Nathaniel Hawthorne served as collector and customs officer, respectively. The building is now a story higher and is occupied as a stable. "Old Custom House" is cut in the granite of the facade. Long Wharf (ll\0) is at the foot of State Street. Here the royal governors made their formal landings, and the British soldiers came and went. At right angles to State Street is the waterside street, Atlantic Avenue, nearly on the line of the ancient Barricado, an early harbor defence, erected in 1673 between the north and south points of the "Great Cove." Going to the north a short distance from Long Wharf we come to T Wharf (No. 178), a part of the Barricado, the headquarters of the fishing industry GUIDE TO BOSTON 35 of Boston. There is a museum here of interesting things pertain- ing to the sea, which is well worth seeing. The wharf is so named because of its original shape. N. L. Stebbins, Photo. T WHARF THE SOUTH END THE term South End has had different meanings at different periods in the history of Boston. At one time the present site of the Old South Church, now in the heartrof the business section, was considered to be in this district ; this church, in fact, was so named because it was situated in what was then called the South End of Boston. As business encroached, the northerly limits of the South End have been pushed more and more to the south. For our pur- pose the South End is considered to comprise that part of the city bounded on the north by Eliot and Kneeland streets, on the east by the South Bay, on the west by Huntington Ave- nue, and on the south by Roxbury. The South End as considered to-day has little of historical interest when one compares it with the North and West Ends. The only part that existed in colonial times was the narrow neck of land that occupied the present site of Washington Street (see map facing page 2). Until 1786 this neck was the only way b}^ which carriages could enter Boston, and was flanked on either side by large expanses of marsh covered with water at high tide, and called respectively the South and Back Bays. Near the intersection of Washington and Dover streets there were, from early colonial times until the Revolution, forts that commanded this causeway. During the Revolution there were British and colonial fortifications at either end of this neck. At a little later time the region near Dover Street was the site of a number of brickyards, and here the gallows was situated dur- ing many years. With the exception of Washington Street, the whole region is of relatively recent origin, and was, like the Back Bay, re- claimed by filling marshes. The filling of the marshes that ex- tended along the sides of Washington Street began in the '30's, and was completed in the '60's. It was expected that this region would become the "court end" of Boston, and in the '50's and '60's so many fine mansions were built about the small parks GUIDE TO BOSTON 37 M. D. Miller, Photo. BOSTON DISPENSARY and squares of the South End that its future was supposed to be assured. About 1870, however, fashion began to forsake the South End for the newer Back Bay re- gion. This exodus, once started, was followed and hastened by the en- croachment of factories and small shops, and by a very considerable in- flux of people of foreign birth. These changes have been most complete on the east of this district. On the west there are still some people who have clung to their old homes in spite of the change in fashion, as is the case of Louise Chandler Moulton, who still resides at No. 28 Rutland Square. The greater part of this region, however, is one of small shops, humble homes, tenements and lodging-houses. That part of the South End that borders the Back Bay has been, and still is, the "student quarter" of Boston. The main thoroughfare is Washington Street. Shortly after entering this street at the northerly edge of this district, we come, on the left, to Bennet Street. Here is situated the Bos- ton Dispensary, the oldest medical charity in Boston. This in- stitution, which was founded in 1796, was the third of its kind in the country. The idea was to give gratuitous medical treat- ment to the worthy sick, either at their homes or at the dis- pensary physician's office. For many years the office of the apothecary was at No. 92 Washington Street, where hung, as a sign, a crude representation of the Good Samaritan, now to be seen in the dispensary. This plan of seeing patients in their homes, or at the physi- cian's office, was followed out until 1856. Oliver Wendell Holmes, when a dispensary physician in 1837, urged upon the managers the importance of establishing a consulting room. In 38 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 1856 a building, occupying the site of the present dispensary, was secured, and since that time the work has been divided between the central station, which is like that of an ordinary out-patient department, and the district visiting, in which visits are made at the homes of patients. For this latter purpose the poorer parts x)f the city are divided into fourteen districts, each one of which is under the care of a dispensary physician, who is accompanied on his visits by a nurse appointed and paid by the Instructive District Nursing Association, founded in 1886. The nurse spends the whole of the day looking after the new and old patients in her district. r- . The main part of the pre- sent building was erected in 1883, and enlarged in 1900. It is already too small for its purpose, and further addi- tions are planned. The dis- pensary has a staff of about one hundred. Nearly one hundred thousand visits are made at the central station annually, while the district physicians make between twenty and twenty-five thousand calls. At the foot of Bennet Street, facing on Harrison Avenue, is the south branch of the Boston Lying-in Hospital, where the students of the Harvard Medical School reside while they are caring for their obstetric cases under the supervision of the physicians of the hospital. Continuing out Washington Street, one comes, at Castle Street, to the place where the superstructure of the Elevated Road branches to the east and west. Here is situated, on the right, the Wells Memorial Institute, the headquarters of the Central Labor Union and a large number of trade unions. This institution provides for instruction in trades and domestic arts, and furnishes a meeting-place for various organizations. The Boston Female Asylum, on the other side of the street, is one of the very old institutions of Boston. It receives and THE OLD BOSTON DISPENSARY GUIDE TO BOSTON 39 cares for destitute girls. It was established early in the last century, and has some seventy-five beds. On Florence Street, a little farther south, is St. Stephens Episcopal Church. This society does the most important work of the Protestant churches in the South End. Dover Street is one of the main thoroughfares leading to South Boston. On the right, midway between Washington Street and the bridge, is one of Boston's Public Baths. In the channel is a swimming-bath during the summer, which is entered from this bridge. Farther south on Washington Street one finds, on the right, Waltham Street. Here, at No. 41, is the JVashingtonian Home, an institution for the care and treatment of male alcoholics. It has accommodations for about thirty patients. On the left of Washington Street, at the corder of Maiden Street, is the Cathedral of the Holy Cross, a large and impos- ing stone structure. This is the largest Catholic church in New England, and is the headquar- ters of the archdiocese. The archbishop's house and offices are behind the cathedral, fa- cing Harrison Avenue. In front of the cathedral is a bronze statue of Christopher Colum- bus, by Alois Buyens. Beyond this point such cross streets as continue the same name on both sides of Washington Street have the prefix u East" added to that part at the left, and "West" to that on the right. At Brookline Street one comes to two open squares, — Frank- lin on the left, and Blackstone on the right. At the corner of East Brookline Street, facing Franklin Square, the Salvation Army is erecting a "People's Palace," which will also be the ST. ELIZABETH S HOSPITAL 40 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION headquarters of the army for New England. On the opposite side of the square is the Franklin Square House, a hotel for young workingwomen. It occupies the building that was for- merly the New England Conservatory of Music, and which, pre- vious to that, had been the St. James Hotel. Beyond the Frank- lin Square House is the old, but not particularly interesting, South Cemetery. At No. 6'1 West Brookline Street, and facing Blackstone Square, is St. Elizabeth's Hospital, in charge of the Franciscan Sis- ters. This institution was founded in 1 868, incorporated in 1872, and has been on its present site since 1888. The hospital occu- BOSTON CITY HOSPITAL AND TENT WARDS USED FOR SOLDIERS AT THE TIME OF THE SPANISH WAR pies several old mansions that have been remodelled and added to, to suit its purpose. The entrance, No. 6l, is the old residence of Justin Winsor, for many years the librarian of Harvard Col- lege Library, and later of the Boston Public Library. St. Eliza- beth's is a general hospital of about one hundred beds. It has medical, surgical and gynecological and obstetrical wards, besides the usual out-patient departments. This institution has been an important factor in the development of gynecology GUIDE TO BOSTON 41 in this community. At present only women and children are admitted as ward patients. The number of ward patients treated is between eight and nine hundred annually. Connected with the hospital is a training school for nurses. Across Blackstone Square from St. Elizabeth's, at No. 40 West Newton Street, is the Maternity Department of the Massachusetts Homeopathic Hospital, with seventeen beds. In 1904 they cared for three hundred and twenty-nine patients. Leaving Blackstone Square one comes, on the left, to Worces- ter Square. Here, at No. 3, is the Boothby Surgical Hospital. It is a private surgical hospital, receiving the patients of any reputable physician. East Springfield Street, which is next beyond Worcester Square, is the most direct way to the main entrance of the Bos- ton City Hospital, which is situated on Harrison Avenue, one block east of Washington Street. At No. 691 Massachusetts Avenue, to the left of Washington Street, is the New England Deaconess Hospital, under the care of the deaconesses of the Methodist Episcopal Church. This institution has fifteen beds, used for medical and surgical cases. It has as yet no regular staff. A site for a new hospital in Long- wood has been purchased, and the corner stone of a new build- ing has been laid. The Boston City Hospital An institution which will well repay the careful inspection of both the medical and lay visitor is the City Hospital. To its various departments are admitted cases of acute disease only, or those cases which are capable of being relieved in a reasona- ble time. Chronic cases, except under extraordinary conditions, are referred to the Almshouse Hospital on Long Island in Boston Harbor. Since it is a municipal institution, supported by the taxpayers, its patients are drawn only from the population of Greater Boston. Although but half the age of its elder sister, the Massachu- setts General Hospital, and naturally less rich in traditions and historical prestige, the Boston City Hospital has, as might have 42 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION been expected, outstripped it in actual size, and vies with it in friendly and generous rivalry in the relief of the sick poor., the promotion of medical education and the increase of knowledge. It is interesting to note that the first benefactor of the hos- pital, whose bequest had much to do with its actual foundation, was undoubtedly impelled thereto by the remembrance of the skilful and generous treatment which he had received at the older institution, and his realization of the need of still further extending these blessings among the sick poor. Elisha Good- now, an old-time Boston merchant, was the second patient ad- mitted to the Massachusetts General Hospital immediately after its foundation, in 1821, where he underwent a successful operation for stone at the hands of Dr. Warren. On his death, thirty years later, he left the bulk of his estate to the City of Boston to establish a free hospital. It was not, however, until 186l that the City Council appropriated additional money and appointed a committee to build the new City Hospital. In 1863 the first board of trustees was appointed, and in 1864 the hos- pital was formally dedicated. Of the original consulting and visiting staff there are but two survivors, Drs. David W. Chee- ver and John G. Blake, of the surgical and medical services respectively. As a coincidence, the first ward visits were made on the two sides by these two gentlemen, each with a colleague, and the first operation, an excision of a malignant growth of the cheek, was performed on the first Friday in June, 1864, by Dr, Cheever, in the amphitheatre beneath the dome. The hospital thus founded with 200 beds, three services, sur- gical, medical and ophthalmic, and a staff of 18, has increased in forty-two years to a composite institution affording 935 beds, containing nine departments and having a staff of 72, all under the direction of a single board of trustees and administered by a single superintendent. Last year there were received and treated as in-patients — Medical Cases 3,464 Aural Cases 123 Surgical Cases 4,1 69 Remaining over 447 Gynecological Cases 937 Ophthalmic Cases 96 , Total 9,236 GUIDE TO BOSTON 43 There were treated in the Out-Patient Department 66,789 per- sons. In the pathological laboratory there were made and exam- ined 14,744 cultures. The hospital ambulances made 3,090 trips. In all departments 149 female nurses are employed. The total population under this one administration consists of 1,250 per- sons. The gross cost of all departments forthe yearwas$486,994. In the forty-two years of its existence there have been appro- priated by the City Council nearly twelve millions of dollars for construction and maintenance. It is doubtful if any city of equal size has dealt so generously in so short a time with a municipal hospital. In addition the hospital has received be- quests and trust funds to the amount of $1,227,573. The visitor enters by the gate lodge on Harrison Avenue nearly opposite Springfield Street. This building contains, be- sides the entrance offices, the rooms devoted to the medical out- patient department. He should now turn to the left and gain a point whence a view of the really imposing facade of the cen- tral Administration Building may be obtained. The surgical pa- vilions are on the left, and the medical pavilions on the right. This group constitutes the original buildings. They are after the French Renaissance in general style and fashioned on a generous and ambitious scale, the central one in particular re- calling classic models. In the portico, with its columns and ped- iment surmounted by a dome one hundred and forty-eight feet in height, there is a certain resemblance to St. Peter's at Rome, and the approach across a broad, open lawn and garden is in keeping with the dignity of the whole. Ascending the wide stone steps the visitor enters the Ad- ministration Building. On the left are executive offices; on the right the private offices of the Superintendent and Resident Physician, Dr. G. H. M. Rowe. On the second floor are the private apartments of the Superintendent, and above these is the now unused amphitheatre under the dome. Turning to the left we cross an open corridor and enter the new surgical building, and gain access to the operating theatre by a door on the right. Here is a large amphitheatre, circular in form, constructed entirely of marble, terazzo, steel and glass, capable of seating two hun- 44 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION dred persons. Conveniently situated are etherizing, recovery and surgeon's consulting rooms. Passing through the farther door we find the sterilizing and instrument rooms, all modern in equipment and design. Opening from the long corridor be- yond are five small operating rooms, with north light and com- plete in construction and furnishings necessary for the most exacting aseptic surgical work. At the farther end of the cor- ridor are small recovery wards for the reception of patients after operation. The visitor should now descend to the floor below and see the four completely equipped accident rooms and two casualty wards, where cases can be cared for until they are in a condition to be transferred to the regular wards without dis- turbing the other patients. Here also are several bathrooms with set tubs designed especially for the immediate treatment of cases of insolation, which, surprising as it may seem, are only too common in Boston in July and August. Time will be saved if now we leave this building by the Accident Door and cross the short intervening space to the recently constructed Surgical Out-Patient Building, where are housed also the departments for the treatment of diseases of the eye, ear, throat, nervous system, and diseases of women. This building is five stories in height, and designed especially for handling large numbers of out-patients as conveniently and expeditiously as possible. The visitor should now return by the Accident Door and the stairway to the surgical corridor and inspect the three old- fashioned but attractive wards of the original surgical pavilion. Returning, he should leave by the door which originally ad- mitted him to the surgical corridor, turn to the left and reach a two-storied brick building containing two surgical wards, W and X, which are models in respect to the most approved construction and furnishing. On the way he has passed, on the left, a cheaply constructed ward of corrugated iron and wood, which was built in the days when hospital gangrene and sepsis made it seem advisable to build temporary structures only, to be torn down after a few years and replaced by new ones. Mo- dern methods have obviated this necessity, and ward P is, as BOSTON CITY HOSPITAL ADMINISTRATION BUILDING GUIDE TO BOSTON 45 a matter of fact, one of the healthiest and most satisfactory in many respects in the hospital. Returning now to the Administration Building, the visitor should enter the annex behind it, which contains the Library of more than four thousand volumes, clinical record rooms, &c. He may be interested to examine the kitchen immediately be- low, very modern and complete in every respect and perfectly ventilated. Behind this again is the laundry, equipped with labor-saving devices which care for an average of one hundred thousand pieces per week. We must now return to the Administration Building, turn to the left and again to the right, and visit the medical wards, six in number, grouped in a general way like those we have already seen. The general features are the same, and no descrip- tion is necessary. The two wards devoted to the gynecological service are on the third floor and include a separate operating room and adjuncts. Passing back along the open-air passage- way toward the rear of these buildings, we pass ward T, similar to ward P, wards A and E, devoted to the care of noisy and alcoholic patients, and reach the most recently constructed building, wards K, L and M, designed especially for cases not suitable for open wards, — erysipelas, sepsis, and non-alcoholic patients requiring restraint. These wards are divided into small rooms, accommodating for the most part but two patients each. Mention should here be made of the Tent Wards by which in mild weather the capacity of the hospital may be increased in time of need. Side-wall military tents with board floors are placed in the open space to the west of the medical pavilions. The most notable development of this system was in 1898, when on four days' notice the hospital received and cared for a steamship-ful of sick and wounded soldiers from the Spanish War, two hundred in number. The building devoted to Pathology and Clinical Laboratory Work stands apart just to the west of wards K and L. It con- tains a post-mortem amphitheatre constructed entirely of metal and marble, culture rooms, clinical laboratories, special research rooms, a pathological laboratory, a biological laboratory, store- 46 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION rooms, &c. Attached to it is a mortuary where twenty bodies may be preserved by artificial refrigeration, and a mortuary chapel, simple and dignified, where funeral services may be held. In accordance with the trend of modern ideas, much stress has been laid in this hospital upon pathology. Since 1891 the position of pathologist has been held by men who have devoted themselves exclusively to the study and teaching of this science and to the training of young men. There is at present a corps of eight men, — visiting pathologists, assistants and internes. Men trained here are called to other hospitals and to medical schools as teachers. A recent graduate has just been appointed by the United States Government as Director of the Leprosy Investigation Station at Molokai, Hawaii. An average of 250 autopsies are performed every year, each of which is worked up bacteriologically and histologically, and 900 surgical speci- mens are studied. The cabinets contain 27,000 mounted micro- scopic sections. Among the many valuable contributions which have been made here to Pathology and Bacteriology may be mentioned three monographs/two of which are based exclu- sively on cases coming to autopsy in this laboratory, namely, the monograph on Epidemic Cerebro-Spinal Meningitis, and that on Diphtheria. The third, on Variola and Vaccinia, is based on material obtained outside the hospital, but in large part through the energy of an assistant in pathology w T ho was given leave of absence by the hospital for that purpose. Atten- tion should also be called to shorter papers on such subjects as Typhoid Fever, Scarlet Fever, Acute and Subacute Glo- merular Nephritis, and on neuropathological subjects. Useful technical contributions have been made, such as the aniline blue connective-tissue stain and the phospho-tungstic acid hematin stain for neuroglia, fibroglia and myoglia fibrils. Two discoveries by members of the pathological staff deserve spe- cial mention : the demonstration that the protozoon discovered by Wasielewski and Guarniere undergoes an additional cycle of development within the cell nuclei in variola, but not in vac- cinia; and the discovery of protozoon-like bodies in the skin of scarlet fever cases and in artificial vesication from living cases. GUIDE TO BOSTON 47 There still remains to be visited one of the most notable departments of the hospital, — that devoted to contagious dis- eases^ the South Department, so-called. This group of buildings constitutes practically a separate hospital, though under the same trustees and superintendent. The visitor should leave the grounds of the hospital proper by the entrance lodge, visit- ing, if he desires, the two fine buildings devoted to the Nurses' Home, where is housed the second training school in point of age in the United States. He should now turn to the left and cross Massachusetts Avenue diagonally to the entrance of the South Department. Here are seven buildings of brick with marble trimmings, in style after the Federal period of archi- tecture. The central Administration Building is devoted to the executive offices and private apartments of the Resident Phy- sician, Dr. John H. McCollom. On either hand is a pavilion, one devoted entirely to cases of scarlet fever and the other to diph- theria. Each pavilion is one hundred and sixty feet long, and each floor is divided by transverse corridors into four sections. These corridors are entirely open at either end, so that every floor is |f: ? * NURSES HOME BOSTON CITY HOSPITAL thus divided into four complete isolating wards, each ward separated from the others by the open air. In the two pavil- ions there are sixteen such wards, each accommodating from 48 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION four to eight beds. At the north end of each floor is an open- air loggia, with ornamental ironwork, and at the south end is a large semi-octagonal ward with many windows, constituting a solarium for convalescents. The inside finish throughout is of glazed brick, with terazzo flooring. There are separate stairways and dumb-waiters for each story, — in other words, there is no direct communication between stories, without the necessity of first going outdoors. Small observation wards on each floor afford opportunity to study cases before the diagnosis has be- come certain. A nurses' home, laundry and domestic building complete this group. The visitor who is especially interested in the treatment of contagious diseases is advised to spend some time in the South Department, for its widespread reputation justifies us in saying that this is the finest contagious hospital in our country. Here the mortality from diphtheria has been re- duced by the aid of antitoxin and the best of hygienic condi- tions from fifty-four per cent, to eight per cent. The hospital is usually overcrowded. Designed for two hundred and sixty beds, it has accommodated three hundred and sixty patients at one time. It was originally planned to have a measles ward in addition to the present buildings, and this improvement is confidently expected in the near future. To meet the demand for a branch in the down-town district, where prompt relief could be given to accident or other urgent cases occurring in the neighborhood, the Boston City Hospital Relief Station was built in 1901. It is situated in Haymarket Square, which can best be reached by surface or elevated cars via the Subway. No especial interest attaches to this branch save that it is a model of its kind. The best of everything that could be obtained was used in its construction. It is a brick and sandstone structure, three stories in height, with a portico of eight Doric columns. The first floor includes the executive offices, waiting rooms, and five surgical dressing rooms, fur- nished like modern operating rooms and finished with glazed tile dadoes and marble. On the second floor are three wards of six beds each, two large operating rooms complete in every detail, also instrument and supply rooms. The third floor affords GUIDE TO BOSTON 49 quarters for nurses and maids, and the roof may be used as a roof-garden for either patients or staff. The north end of the first story is entirely separated from the rest of that floor and contains a stable and ambulance station. The ambulances can drive entirely within an enclosed yard where the transfer of the patient can be effected without publicity. An ambulance is always kept harnessed and calls are responded to by an in- terne with the greatest possible despatch. With the exception of the main ambulance station and the power house on Albany Street and the Convalescent Home, with its fourteen acres of land in Dorchester, the main features of the Boston City Hospital have now been described. It has been said that one index of the intelligence and public spirit of a com- munity is the way in which it provides for its sick poor, and in this respect Boston has every reason to be proud of her record. The Washington Market, No. 1883 Washington Street, is the site of one of the Continental fortifications during the siege of Boston. Beyond this, the street is quite devoid of in- terest. Running parallel with Washington Street, and to the east of it, are Harrison Avenue and Albany Street. Harrison Avenue has little of interest until we come to East Concord Street, where we find the Church of the Immaculate Conception, in charge of the Jesuit fathers. Back of the church, and facing James Street, is the Boston College and High School, also in charge of the Jesuits. The residence of the faculty is next to the church on Harrison Avenue. This society was established here in 1863. At No. 750 Harrison Avenue is the Ho7iieoj)athic Medical Dis- pensary, until recently a separate institution, but now the Out- Patient Department of the Massachusetts Homeopathic Hos- pital. This dispensary has a staff of seventy-five members, and treats between nineteen and twenty thousand patients annu- ally. The present building represents only the basement and first story of the architect's plan. Beyond it, on Stoughton Street, is the nurses' home. Farther to the east on Stoughton 50 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION Street is the hospital, which, with the Boston University School of Medicine (homeopathic), are built on the plot of ground Purdy MEDICAL WING ADMINISTRATION BUILDING SURGICAL WING MASSACHUSETTS HOMEOPATHIC HOSPITAL bounded by Stoughton, Albany and East Concord streets. This hospital was incorporated in 1855, and has occupied its present site since 1871. It is a general hospital, having about two hun- dred and fifty beds, but until recently has had no out-patient department. The number of ward patients in 1905 was three thousand nine hundred and seventeen. The wards are utilized for giving clinical instruction. The Boston University School of Medicine, which is the only homeopathic school in Boston, was established in 1873. It took over at that time the New England Female College, founded in 1848. The school has a teaching corps of fifty. The number of students in 1905 was one hundred. At No. 112 Southampton Street is the Smallpox Hospital, of about sixty beds, under the charge of the Boston Board of Health. It was at this institution that some of the investiga- tions on the etiology, pathology and clinical manifestations of smallpox were conducted during the epidemic of 1901-2, which resulted in the noted monograph on smallpox, edited by Dr. W. T. Councilman, of the Harvard Medical School. To the west of Washington Street and running parallel, are GUIDE TO BOSTON 51 Shawmut Avenue and Tremont Street. Shawmut Avenue has nothing that is of interest to the visitor except the Morgan Memorial Chapel, by the railroad, where is the People's Forum for the public discussion of interesting questions. Tremont Street beyond Castle Street is a wide street. There are several attractive churches on this street between Dartmouth and Worcester streets, and on West Newton Street, between Tre- mont Street and Shawmut Avenue, is the Girls' High School. From Massachusetts Avenue to Roxbury Crossing the street is largely one of tenement houses and small shops. On Ruggles Street is the Ruggles Street Baptist Church, famed for its choir. West of Tremont Street, beginning at Park Square, is Colum- bus Avenue. In Park Square, opposite the old Park Square Sta- tion, which was given up on the completion of the present South Terminal, is the Emancipation Group, by Thomas Ball. From Park Square the "Seeing Boston" electric cars start at 10 a.m. and 2 p.m., daily. Fare, fifty cents. On the left-hand side of Columbus Avenue is the armory of the First Corps of Cadets, a splendid granite building on the corner of Ferdinand Street. On the corner of Berkeley Street one sees, on the left, the First Presbyterian Church, and on the right the People's Temple. The Youth's Companion Building, the home of the popular paper of that name, is on the southwesterly corner of Berkeley Street. On Berkeley Street, between Columbus Avenue and Tre- mont Street, is the building of the Young Women's Christian Association, and on the corner of Tremont Street, Odd Fellows Hall. On Dartmouth Street, corner of Appleton, is the Girls' Normal School ; and off the same street, between Warren Ave- nue and Montgomery Street, are the Boston Latin and Eng- lish High schools. On the corner of West Newton Street is the Union Church (Congregational Trinitarian), and just behind it the Home for Little Wanderers. On Columbus Avenue, beyond Northampton Street, is a public playground, of which Boston has several, and beyond this the National League Baseball Grounds. Scattered through the South End are many charitable in- 52 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION stitutions, homes, day nurseries, clubs, settlements, &c. One writer has spoken of the South End as "the most charitied region in Christendom." THE BACK BAY THE Back Bay District extends from Charles Street below the Common to the Brookline line. It is bounded on the south by Boylston Street to Copley Square, and then by Huntington Avenue, and on the north by the Charles River. A hundred years ago the Back Bay was a beautiful sheet of water, beyond which one could see from the Common both Brookline and Cambridge, and over which were carried the troops for Lexington on the 18th of April, 1775. The individuality of Bostonians is shown nowhere bet- ter than in the dwellings of the Back Bay. Instead of the dreary rows of buildings all alike, seen in so many American cities, in Boston each man has built his house to suit himself. In 1814 the Boston & Roxbury Mill Corporation was formed, under whose direction dams were built later across the bay for the purpose of utilizing the water power. In 1857 the Com- monwealth, to- m i W$WB¥ gether with the Boston Water Power Com- pany, began fill- ing in the bay, and this work went on for thirty years. On the sale of its share of the made land the l. h. shattud, Photo. r, l4 i PUBLIC GARDEN POND Commonwealth. made several million dollars' profit. The Public Garden, enclosed by Charles, Beacon, Arling- ton and Boylston streets, was set aside as a park in 1859, shortly after the filling in began. It has been known as Round Marsh, and was in early days a part of the Common, and was bordered by Frog Lane, now Boylston Street. The Public Gar- 54 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 1 -:-:. _^— -,-- — Wjr J- ilfc 1 — : ■i 'H :, ^Bp^ pR* J L. H. Shattuch, Photo. WASHINGTON STATUE den is a beautiful park, twenty- four acres in extent. The pond, spanned by an artistic bridge, is thronged with skaters in win- ter^ and in summer the swan boat is much in evidence. The Garden is planted with trees of almost every variety which can grow in the New England cli- mate, and the many flower beds display all our outdoor plants from early spring to autumn. The most notable statue in the Garden , one of the best in the city, is the equestrian statue of Washington, by Thomas Ball, that faces the Commonwealth Avenue parkway. On the Beacon Street side are the statue of Edward Everett, by W. W. Story, and the Ether Monument, by J. Q. A. Ward, erected in 1868. The latter was the gift of Thomas Lee, in honor of the discovery of ether, : but it makes no mention of Morton or Jackson, as at that time the controversy over the priority of discovery was still warm. Dr. Holmes suggest- ed that it be inscribed "to e(i)ther." Other statues are those of Charles Sumner, by Thomas Ball ; of Colonel Tho- mas Cass, by R. E. Brooks, and, •§ facing the Arlington Street B^ Church, a statue of W. E. Chan- J ning, by Herbert Adams. «■— a i^» From the Garden the eight &HHGHHUMHfa»* short cross streets north of HffloHBI Boylston have names begin- ether monument GUIDE TO BOSTON 55 ning respectively with the first eight letters of the alphabet. Beyond these is Massachusetts Avenue, the great thorough- fare leading to Cambridge in one direction and to Dorchester in the other. Beacon Street is the long street nearest the river. Many of Boston's most beautiful residences are on this street, and now, as formerly, it is the home of many of her citizens best known in the various activities of the city. No. 241 is the home of Mrs. Julia Ward Howe. No. 296 was for over twenty years Dr. Holmes's residence, and now belongs to his son, Judge Oliver Wendell Holmes, of the United States Supreme Court. At No. 392 lives James Ford Rhodes, the distinguished historian. The University Club is at No. 270, near Exeter Street. It has a large membership of college graduates living in Boston and it's vicinity. On the corner of Massachusetts Avenue, and near Harvard Bridge, is the Mt. Vernon Church (Congregational), formerly in Ashburton Place. At the corner of Beacon Street and Charles- gate East, on the riverside, is the home of Thomas W T . Lawson. This is the site of the old "mill dam" of the Rox- bury Mill Corporation. One of the poplar trees which bordered Beacon Street in the early nine- teenth century is still to be seen at Number 591. At Charlesgate West, Bay State Road leads to the right, running along the riverbank. It is a new and fashionable street, and on it there are many fine houses. Marlborough St. starts from the Public Garden, and runs parallel to Bea- con, to a point where it THE FIRST CHURCH IN BOSTON 56 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION meets the Fenway, about a block beyond Massachusetts Ave- nue. This street has sometimes been called "Doctors' Row/' as in its short length of a mile it has about one hundred and twenty-five doctors' offices and homes. The First Church (Con- gregational Unitarian), at the corner of Berkeley Street, is the descendant of the First Church of Christ in Boston, a society established by Dudley, Winthrop and others soon after the founding of the town. A statue of Winthrop, by R. S. Greenough, very fittingly stands in the churchyard. Starting again from the Garden we look from its principal entrance on Arlington Street down the long tree-lined mall of Commonwealth Avenue. This is Boston's most beautiful street, two hundred and twenty feet wide, with a road on either side of the pleas- ant parkway. At intervals down this mall are placed the following statues : Alex- ander Hamilton, by William Rimmer; General John Glover, by Martin Milmore; William Lloyd Garrison, by O. L. Warner, -just beyond Massachusetts Ave- nue — Leif Ericson, a beautiful, ideal figure, by Anne Whitney. On either side of the avenue are the homes of prosperous citi- zens, with here and there a fine apartment house or hotel. The Vendome, at the corner of Dartmouth Street, and the Somerset, just beyond Massachusetts Avenue on Charlesgate East, are the most noteworthy. At No. 40 is the College Club, with a membership made up of the graduates of all the women's col- leges. The Algonquin Club is on the opposite side of the street, between Exeter and Fairfield streets. Its membership is com- posed largely of prominent business men. The First Baptist LEIF ERICSON and at the end of the mall ■ ' ' > GUIDE TO BOSTON 57 Church, with its massive Florentine tower, at the corner of Clarendon Street, is the only church on the avenue. The late H. H. Richardson was the architect. It was erected in 1873 to succeed the historic meeting-house in Brattle Square, and was purchased by the Baptists. Next to the south of the avenue is Newbury Street. On the corner of - Arlington Street, the New Church Union, re- presentative of the Mas- sachusetts Association of ^B^jJU the New Jerusalem | Church, has its library 1 and offices. At No. 4 is I the St. Botolph Club, its ". If membership being drawn t« from artists, literary and FIRST baptist church professional men. In its art gallery are displayed every winter notable exhibitions of painting and sculpture. Nearly opposite the St. Botolph Club is Emanuel Church (Protestant Episcopal). The Boston Library, at No. 114 Newbury Street, is a private circulating library, incorporated in 1794. No. 35 is the home of Margaret Deland, the authoress. At the corner of Berkeley Street is the Central Church (Congregational Trinitarian), beau- tiful without and within. It is the most noteworthy building on the street. The architect was R. M. Upjohn. Just off Newbury Street, at No. 233 Clarendon Street, is the rectory of Trinity Church, where Phillips Brooks lived for many years. The Art Club, on the corner of Dartmouth and Newbury streets, has a large membership, and holds several exhibitions during the year. These exhibitions are usually of the work of fe 58 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION many artists, while those of the St. Botolph Club are "one man" exhibitions. At the corner of Exeter Street one sees on the right-hand side the Spiritual Temple, where on Sunday evenings the spirits of the departed may be consulted. Across the street is the Prince School, a public grammar school. On the first left-hand corner stands the South Congregational Church (Unitarian), of which Edward Everett Hale has been the minister for many years. The Horace Mann School, where the deaf are taught to speak and read the speech of others from their lips, is near by. The remaining corner is occupied by the Normal Art School. Starting on Boylston Street, from the Public Garden, the Arlington Street Church first commands our attention. It is of stately architecture, reminiscent of Sir Christopher Wren. It has a beautiful chime of sixteen bells in its tower. This is one of the prominent churches of the Unitarian faith. Almost opposite this church on Boylston Street were the offices of the distinguished Drs. Henry Ingersoll Bowditch and Oliver Wendell Holmes, for Boylston Street w T as once preemi- nently a doctors' street. Now there are almost no residences on this street, but gay, beautiful shops and public buildings. At No. 419 Boylston Street is the Warren Chambers. This building was built as an office-building for physicians, and is the only one of its kind in Boston. It takes its name from the War- ren family, so long prominent in the medical life of this chVv. On one corner of Boylston and Berkeley streets the Young Men's Christian Associa- tion has a fine building, and on the opposite cor- ner is the dignified build- ing of the Natural History Society. The Boston So- ciety of Natural History was founded in 1831. This building was erected in 1864. On the first floor is the library, with about NATURAL HISTORY BUILDING GUIDE TO BOSTON 59 forty thousand volumes in the building. There are lecture halls and rooms for instruction, as well as carefully arranged and clearly labelled ethnological, zoological, geological and botani- cal collections. On the fourth floor is a magnificent array of birds' nests and eggs. The museum is open daily, except Sunday, from 9 a.m. to J^. SO p.m. The admission fee of twenty -five cents is not asked on Wednesdays and Saturdays. The remainder of the block in which the Natural History Building is situated is occupied by the two main buildings of the Massachusetts Institute of Techno- logy. This institution was founded with state aid, in 186l, by Professor William B. Rogers, as a school of Massachusetts institute of technology applied science. As such it has no equal in this country. Opened with fifteen students in 1865, it now has over fifteen hundred, with a teaching corps of two hundred and twenty-eight members. The two buildings on Boylston Street, the Rogers Building nearer Berkeley Street and the Walker Building at the corner of Clarendon Street, were the first buildings of the Institute. Others are situated in Trinity Place and on Garrison Street. In the Rogers Building, the dignified structure occu- pying the middle of the block, are the administrative offices of the institution, and also its library. Here, too, is Huntington Hall, in which are given every year the Free Lecture Courses of the Lowell Institute, established in 1839 by the will of John Lowell. The Hotel Brunswick occupies the corner of Clarendon Street south of the Technology buildings. Beyond this, one comes to Copley Square, triangular in shape, and opening into Dart- mouth, Boylston and Blagden streets, St. James' Avenue and 60 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION Huntington Avenue and Trinity Place. This Square was named for John Singleton Copley, the artist, and around it are some of the most beautiful buildings and important institutions of the city. The crowning beauty of the Square is Trinity Church, the masterpieceof the great architect, H. H. Richardson. It stands an ennobling and uplifting influence for the thousands who daily pass through the Square, even though they may never enter its portals. The style was characterized by the architect as a free rendering of the French Romanesque. In plan the church is a Greek cross, with a semi-circular apse added to the eastern arm. The decorations inside are by John Lafarge, and many of the windows are by the same artist. Placed in the side of the cloister leading from the eastern en- trance of the church to Clarendon Street, is a part of the origi- nal tracery from a window of the ancient church of St. Botolph in Boston, England, of which John Cotton was the rector for twenty- one years. This was presented to Trinity by the vicar of that church. Opposite this tracery a carved gran- ite rosette is imbedded in the wall of the church. This is all that remains of a former church of this parish, burned in the fire of 1872. To the left of Trinity is the Westminster Hotel. Its upper cornice, now taken down, was long a subject of litigation, as its height was beyond the limit prescribed by the building laws. The Museum of Fine Arts, on the left side of Copley Square, is among the important museums of the country. The present building is far too small for the display of its treasures, many of which are stored until the erection of a new building on L. H. Shattuck, Photo. TRINITY CHURCH GUIDE TO BOSTON 6l Huntington Avenue, for which the land has been purchased and the plans perfected. Owing to the present lack of room, the exhibition galleries often change their exhibits to display new or special objects of interest, and a catalogue giving the latest arrangement may be bought near the entrance. The gen- eral arrangement, however, remains unchanged. In the base- ment is placed a library and a very large collection of photo- graphs. An almost unrivalled collection of casts, some fine original antique marbles, Egyptian and other antiquities oc- cupy the first floor. Above are the picture galleries, and a col- lection of objects of Chinese and, particularly, Japanese art, said to be the finest in the world. There are also rooms for the display of textiles, ceramics, wood carv- ings, metals and coins. The Museum is open I free on Saturdays, from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m., and on Sunday from 1 to 5 p.m. Admission on other days from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m., is twenty-five cents. The hours on Monday are from 1 to 5 p.m. art museum The Public Library, a noble granite structure, "Built by the people and dedicated to the advancement of learning," as the inscription across its facade declares, occupies the west- ern side of the Square. The building, which is rectangular in shape, with an enclosed court, is in the style of the French Renaissance. McKim, Mead & White, of New York, were the architects. The panels beneath the windows, with the excep- tion of the three panels above the doorway, bear the names of the world's greatest men. On the three centre panels are, to the left, the seal of Massachusetts ; in the middle, that of the Library; and on the right, the seal of the City of Boston. The Library is approached by a broad low flight of steps, ending in a platform. In the vestibule is a splendid bronze 62 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION PUBLIC LIBRARY figure of Sir Harry Vane, by Frederick MacMonnies. Beyond this are six bronze doors by D. C. French, — Poetry, Music, Wisdom, Know- ledge, Truth, Romance. In the floor of the en- trance hall are set the seal of the library and the signs of the zodiac, and in the ceiling are the names of eminent Bosto- nians. Halfway up the magnificent staircase, where it divides to the right and left, are two great marble lions, by Louis St. Gaudens, memorial gifts of the Second and Twentieth Massachusetts Volunteer Re- giments of the Civil War. The mural decorations along the stairs and the upper corridor are by Puvis de Chavannes. Passing to the left through a little lobby, decorated by E. E. Garnsey, one comes to the Delivery Room, around which runs a gorgeous frieze by Edwin A. Abbey, illustrating the legend of Sir Gala- had's search for the Holy Grail. Just beyond is the Catalogue Room, with an admirable dictionary catalogue. This room forms one end of Bates Hall, a great room 218 feet long by 42 J feet wide, with a beautiful vaulted ceiling semi-domed at the ends. Bates Hall, named for the library's greatest benefactor, is de- voted to the interests of readers, of whom there are often three or four hundred present. Well down to the left, steps lead from Bates Hall to the Patent Room, where all the Patent Office Reports may be found. Beyond Bates Hall is the Children 's Department , entered through a lobby, decorated by Joseph Lindon Smith. The ceiling of the inner room has a painting, "The Triumph of Time," by John Elliott. This is a reference and study room for the children. It has open shelves with books useful to teachers as well as to GUIDE TO BOSTON 63 the younger students. The outer room also has open shelves, with tables provided for reading, and those in charge are al- ways ready to help the children in the use of the library. On the third floor are the special libraries, all of them con- taining rare and valuable books. They comprise the Fine Arts Department, the Allen A. Brown Library of Music, and the Bar- ton, Barlow, Prince, Lewis, Bowditch and Ticknor collections. On this floor there is also a lecture hall, and at either end of the long corridor are the paintings by John S. Sargent. The administration of library affairs is carried on by five trustees, who are appointed by the mayor, a librarian, and the various heads of departments. There are about two hundred and seventy-five assistants. This is the largest reference and circulating library in the United States, with a collection of about 900,000 volumes and a circulation of 1,500,000 volumes, not counting the books used at the library. While the circulation for home use is con- fined to citizens of Boston, any one — stranger as well as citi- zen — may use the books at the library. The library consists of the Central Library, ten branches, twenty- two delivery sta- tions, and small deposits in one hundred and three public and parochial schools and about seventy engine houses and city institutions, — in all, two hundred and one agencies for the dis- tribution of books. Some books are loaned every year to other libraries, and a few are borrowed. The city appropriates about $300,000 yearly, and the library has a further income of about $15,000 from trust funds. It publishes monthly bulletins and a yearly list of accessions, and various other lists of books on spe- cial subjects. It maintains its own bindery and printing estab- lishment. The Central Library , in Copley Square, is open from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m. in summer, and an hour later in winter. The librarian is Mr. H. G. Wadlin. The library has recently entrusted to the care of the Boston Medical Library its collection of medical books. Across Boylston Street from the library rises the lofty Gothic tower of the New Old South Church, two hundred and forty-eight feet high, the tallest landmark in Boston. This 64 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION church society — formerly worshipping in the historic building - on Washington Street — is one of the most important churches of the Congre- gational Trinitarian faith in New England. Dr. G. A. Gordon is the pastor. Also on the Boylston St. side of Copley Sq. are the Girls' Latin School and the Second Church (Congrega- tional Unitarian). This church has had many dis- tinguished ministers, in- cluding the three Mathers, — Samuel, Increase and Cotton, — and Ralph Waldo Emerson. Going out Boylston the new "old south " church Street from Copley Square, one comes, on the left, to the building of the Harvard Medical School. This is on the corner of Exeter Street, and has been the home of the school since it was moved from the North Grove Street building in 1883. At the end of the present school year this building will be given up for the new and beautiful buildings on Longwood Avenue. Directly behind the Medical School, facing on Exeter Street, is the clubhouse of the Boston Athletic Association. On the fifth floor of the building at No. 739 Boylston Street, the Boston Board of Health Laboratory occupies a floor space of 2,600 square feet. This laboratory is under the charge of a di- rector and two assistants, and renders great assistance to Bos- ton physicians by making all sorts of bacteriological examina- tions for them. The work is done free in all cases in which either the physician or the patient is a resident of Boston. The first work of this laboratory was almost entirely limited to the examination of cultures from cases of suspected diphtheria. GUIDE TO BOSTON 65 There are now fifty stations in drug stores scattered over the city,, where physicians can obtain outfits for use in suspected cases of diphtheria, tuberculosis, malaria, typhoid fever and gon- orrhoeal ophthalmia, and may leave specimens with assurance of a speedy report. The laboratory is willing to carry out any bacteriological examinations that can properly be called public- health work. Visitors are always welcome. The Board of Health has charge of the inspection of the public schools of the city, employing a corps of fifty physicians, each one being assigned to a district containing a definite number of schools and scholars, and each responsible to the board for the health of the pupils and for the sanitary condition of the schoolhouses in his care. At the corner of Boylston and Hereford streets is the re- cently completed building of the Tenuis and Racquet Club. The Medical Baths in the Farragut Building, No. 126 Massa- chusetts Avenue, corner of Boylston Street, were started by a committee of representative medical men, in order that Boston might have the advantage of a scientific hydrotherapeutic es- tablishment. This is a thoroughly equipped plant, under com- petent medical supervision, where hydrotherapeutic measures may be carried out either according to the judgment of the patient's physician, or, if he so wishes, according to the judg- ment of the medical men in charge. At the corner of Boylston Street and the Fenway is the building of the Massachusetts Historical Society, founded in 1791- Besides a priceless library, the Historical Society has an inter- esting museum, which the genial secretary, Dr. Samuel A. Green, former mayor of Boston, will be glad to show to the members of the American Medical Association. Across the Fenway from the Historical Society's building is a memorial to John Boyle O'Reilly, the Irish poet and patriot, who was for many years the editor of a Boston paper, the "Pilot." Next to the building of the Historical Society, and facing on the Fenway, is the Boston Medical Library. This associa- tion was formed in 1875, and the first library consisted of 1,500 volumes, housed in two rooms on Hamilton Place. A little later a house was purchased at No. 19 Boylston Place, and re- 66 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION modelled so as to give a hall for medical meetings on the first floor, around the walls of which were shelves. On the book- the second s BOSTON MEDICAL LIBRARY floor was a reading-room and office. The library re- mained at No. 19 Boylston Place for twenty-two years, until its building was so outgrown that 10,000 vol- umes had to be stored in other places. In 1898 the movement was started that resulted in the erection of the present building, which has been occupied since January, 1901. Besides adequate stacks for the care of the books, there are several reading-rooms, the largest of which is Holmes Hall. This beau- tiful hall was named after Oliver Wendell Holmes, the li- brary's first president. The library building serves as a meeting- place for most of Boston's larger medical societies, and many of the smaller ones, and has for this purpose three halls and several rooms, including a supper-room. The largest hall seats about three hundred persons, and the other two about sixty. Among the medical societies which meet at the library men- tion should be made of the Boston Society for Medical Im- provement, incorporated in 1839- It has had much to do with the upbuilding of medicine in Boston. A Directory for Nurses, which is under the charge of the Association, has its headquar- ters in this building. In addition to 50,000 bound volumes and 22,000 pamphlets, the library contains a very large and valuable collection of medical medals (the Storer Collection), many por- traits of medical men, besides autographs, prints and other things of medical interest. The present library is largely the result of the untiring energy of the late Dr. James R. Chadwick, GUIDE TO BOSTON 67 who was librarian from its founding, in 1875, to the time of his death, in the fall of 1905. The Medical Library is the home of the Massachusetts Medical Society. The Massachusetts Medical Society was formed in 1781, with power to elect officers, examine and license candidates for prac- tice, hold real estate, and " continue as a body politic and cor- porate by the same name forever." It was reorganized largely through the efforts of James Jackson, in 1803. Candidates, either male or female, for membership in the society must be not less than twenty-one years of age, and of good moral char- acter; must satisfy the censors, by oral and written examina- tion, that they have a good general English education, that they have some knowledge of Latin, and that they have studied medicine and surgery three full years, and have attended two full courses of lectures in separate years at an authorized medi- cal school recognized by the councillors of the society, and possess a diploma from some such school. A candidate must not profess to cure diseases by, nor intend to practise, spiritual- ism, homeopathy, allopathy, Thomsonianism, eclecticism, or any other irregular or exclusive system. There is an annual meeting and a dinner of the society in the month of June each year, and the district societies, of which there are eighteen, hold more or less frequent meetings during the year, and an annual meeting at least ten days be- fore the meeting of the parent society. The present membership of the society is about three thou- sand. The dues are five dollars a year. The proceedings of the society and the annual address are published each year. Most of the reputable regular physicians of the State are members of the Massachusetts Medical Society. Being a member, how- ever, does not give the right to practise. The Board of Registration in Medicine confers authority to practise medicine in Massachusetts. It is composed of seven physicians, each appointed by the Governor, and serving for a period of seven years. No member of the board shall belong to the faculty of any medical college, and no more than three members shall at one time be members of any one chartered 68 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION state medical society. Examinations are held three times a year, and applicants for regis- tration are given certifi- cates if they are found by a maj ority of the board to be twenty-one years of age or over, of good moral character, to have passed the examinations, which are wholly or in part in writing, and to have paid a fee of twenty dollars. fenwav court From the windows of the Medical Library one looks out upon the Fens, a part of Boston's park system, around which it is expected many fine residences will be built in the not far distant future. Directly across the Fens from the library rises the group of white marble buildings of the Harvard Medical School. In the foreground is Fenway Court or the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum of Art, which is also the Boston residence of Mrs. John L. Gardner. This is built after the style of an Italian palace, and much of the material used in its construction was brought from Italy. The museum contains Mrs. Gardner's valuable collection of pictures, marbles and other works of art. Admission to this collection is to be had at stated intervals by means of tickets. On the right of Mrs. Gardner's residence is Simmons College, its founder declaring its purpose to be "to furnish to women in- struction and training in such branches of JJ0& art, science, and in- dustry as may be ser- viceable in enabling J them to acquire a live- mi lihood." The main 3HHHH building seen here is simmons college % GUIDE TO BOSTON 69 a long structure of brick, consisting of a central section and two wings. The central pavilion, adorned by stone columns which rise from the second story, is crowned by a huge cop- per ventilating lantern. Although Simmons College was not incorporated until 1899^ it has a large and increasing number of students. A dormitory for the students of the college is situ- ated on Brookline Avenue, not far from its junction with the parkway. The new edifice of the Church of the Disciples is to be seen on Peterborough Street. This church society, of which James Freeman Clarke was for many years the pastor, worshipped until recently in the building at the corner of Warren Avenue and West Brookline Street. To the left of Copley Square is Huntington Avenue. At No. SO is the Laboratory of the Boston Board of Health, where milk and vinegar are analyzed. On the right of Huntington Avenue, about two blocks beyond Copley Square, is the Me- chanics Building. This is a large building, which covers seven acres of land and belongs to the Massachusetts Charitable Me- chanics Association. It has two very large halls, one used for exhibition purposes, and the other as an auditorium with a seat- ing capacity of eight thousand. ; Besides these halls the build- ing contains trade schools and a Normal School of Gymnas- tics. The society was founded in 1795, and Paul Revere was its first president. Its object was to relieve the wants of un- |' t ... .*;,-* fortunate mechanics and their families, and to promote in- , . -. . , • CHRISTIAN SCIENCE CHURCH ventions and improvements in mechanic arts. The present building was erected in 1880-1. On St. Botolph Street, which runs parallel to Huntington Avenue to the south, is the Massachusetts College of Pharmacy, on the corner of Garrison Street. Pharmacists must be registered by the State Board of Registration in Pharmacy in order to do 70 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION N. L. Stebbins, Photo. HORTICULTURAL HALL business in the Common- wealth. At No. 21 8 Huntington Avenue is the clubhouse of the Elysium Club. This club includes in its mem- bership most of Boston's prominent Hebrews. To the right of Hun- tington Avenue, just be- fore one reaches Massachusetts Avenue, is to be seen the huge Christian Science Church, which is to be dedicated June 10. This building, which is joined to the so-called "Mother Church," has more the proportions of an Old World cathedral than of a church. It is said that its cost, together with that of a large plot of land, will be upwards of two million dollars. It will have a seat- ing capacity of five thousand. Its dome, surmounted by a cupola, is two hundred and twenty-four feet high, — a landmark which can be seen at a very considerable distance. Near the intersection of Huntington and Massachusetts avenues are several buildings which are of interest. Chickering Hall is a low, rather ornate building, used for musical purposes. Many small concerts are held here. Horticultural Hall, on the northeast corner of Huntington and Massachu- setts avenues, is the new building of the Massachu- setts Horticultu- ral Society, which was founded in 1829. The former headquarters of the society, on the site of the Paddock Build- ■ /> SYMPHONY HALL ing, was tor many GUIDE TO BOSTON 71 years one of the striking landmarks of Tremont Street. Every year the society has many exhibitions of fruity plants, flowers, vegetables, fungi, &c. CHILDREN S HOSPITAL Across Massachusetts Avenue from Horticultural Hall is Symphony Hall. Here are given during the fall and winter the concerts of the celebrated Boston Symphony Orchestra. During the spring members of the same orchestra give a series of popu- lar promenade concerts called "Pops." On Huntington Avenue, just beyond Symphony Hall, is the Children s Hospital. This institution, incorporated in 1869, was for a time at No. 9 Rutland Street, and later at No. 1429 Wash- ington Street. The present building, of Renaissance style, was built in 1881. There have, however, been some additions made since that time. The hospital receives as ward patients children between two and twelve years of age. It has one hundred beds, divided between medical, surgical and orthopedic services. The out-patient department is attended by a large number of ambulatory orthopedic cases. Connected with the hospital is a shop for the manufacture of orthopedic apparatus. At Welles- ley the hospital has a convalescent home, which is of the great- est help in the treatment of its patients. In 1905 the hospital 72 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION treated 1,534 patients in the wards. To this institution may be traced much of the in- ^ terest in orthopedics, so prominent in Boston me- dicine. At No. 241 St. Botolph If. Street, just a block east of ..:: — ^x.^^11 " the Children's Hospital, is ^~~ - -■ the Industrial School for conservatory of music Crippled and Deformed Children. This school was incorporated in 1894, "to promote the education and special training of crippled and deformed children." Its present building, completed in 1904, will be able to accommodate ultimately about one hundred and fifty pupils. Children under fifteen are taught the usual branches as in primary and grammar schools, together with manual training adapted to these grades. Those over fifteen are taught typeset- ting, printing, cane-seating, basketwork and needlework. When proficient, they receive pay. Most of the smaller children are brought to and from the school in carriages, and are given their dinners. There is a nurse to look after dressings, adjust apparatus, and care for the children. On the corner of Gainsborough Street and Huntington Ave- nue is the New England Conservatory of Music, founded in 1870. This is the largest and most important music school in the country. It has courses in the science and art of music in all its branches. By a recent arrangement with Harvard University, students of either institution may take certain courses at the other, an arrangement ad- vantageous to both. In Jordan Hall, the Concert Room, is the great organ, formerly in the old Boston Music Hall, in Hamilton Place. Jordan Hall, the chief auditorium in the tufts college medical school GUIDE TO BOSTON 73 Conservatory, is entered from Gainsborough Street. Beyond the Conservatory, on the same side of Huntington Avenue, we come to the baseball grounds of the American League. A little farther along is the Tufts College Medical School By vote of the Trustees of Tufts College the Tufts College Me- dical School was established in Boston, August 28, 1893. The object of the school was to provide a "practical and thorough medical education for persons of both sexes upon equal terms." The school at first was located in a building belonging to the College at No. 188 Boylston Street. These quarters were speedily outgrown and the Chauncey Hall School building, in Copley Square, was leased while the building on the corner of Rutland Street and Shawmut Avenue was prepared for its per- manent location. In 1897 the school was transferred to Rutland Street and Shawmut Avenue. The quarters for the school having become again outgrown and the Boston Dental College having become an incorporate part of Tufts College, it was found neces- sary to provide still larger quarters for the rapidly increasing number of students. The present building, on the corner of Huntington Avenue and Bryant Street, was accordingly con- structed, and has been the home of the Medical and Dental schools since the opening of the session of 1901-2. The school offers a four-years' graded course in all the branches of the study of medicine. Its laboratory facilities are ample. Instruction is given by means of lectures, demonstra- tions, laboratory exercises, and clinics. There are twenty-four professors, one associate professor, six assistant professors, two demonstrators, one clinical lecturer, thirty instructors, seven assistant demonstrators and nineteen assistants. There are twenty student laboratory assistants. In the present session 380 students are enrolled as follows: Fourth year, 81; third year, 68; second year, 99', first year, 103; special students, 27; graduates, 2. Students of this school are admitted to the am- phitheatres of the Massachusetts General and City hospitals. Clinics are held at the Boston City Hospital, the Massachu- 74 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION setts Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary, the Carney Hospital, the Cambridge Hospital, the Free Hospital for Women, the Woman's Charity Club Hospital, the Boston Dispensary, the Tremont Dispensary, the House of the Good Samaritan, St. Mary's Infant Asylum, St. Elizabeth's Hospital, the Free Home for Consumptives, and numerous asylums and other in- stitutions. Beyond the Fens one comes, on the right, to Longwood Ave- nue, on which are the new buildings of the Harvard Medical School The Harvard Medical School was the third medical school to be founded in the United States, being antedated by the Uni- versity of Pennsylvania Medical School, founded in 1 765, and the short-lived New York Medical School, founded in 1768. The school may be said to owe its origin to the bequest of Dr. Ezekiel Hersey to Harvard College in the year 1770 of the sum of £1,000, to be used "for a Professorship of Anatomy, and for that use only." Dr. Hersey was a plain country doctor, with a practice in Hingham and the surrounding towns. He had graduated from Harvard and had studied medicine in Boston under a preceptor, as the custom of those days was. He felt the need of a medical school, and resolved to do what he could toward establishing one. The Revolution delayed the beginning of the school, but brought to it, when once it was started, the results of the ex- perience gained in the military hospitals, and in the contact with the medical men trained in the best schools of the mother country. The history of the school may be divided, conveniently, into four periods, for with every change of location came important alterations in the personnel of the teaching force, in policies, and in the clinical opportunities afforded the students. First (1782-1 81 6), its life in Cambridge, and in its temporary quarters on old Marlborough Street, in Boston. Second (1816-1847), the time that it occupied the Massa- chusetts Medical College building on Mason Street. GUIDE TO BOSTON 75 Third (1847-1883), its occupancy of the building on North Grove Street. Fourth (1883-1906), the twenty-three years during which its home has been on Boyhion Street. A fifth and a far greater period is now at hand, — the be- ginning of a medical university, surpassing in equipment and beauty any in the world. It remains for the future to show what this is to mean to the cause of medical education. Dr. John Warren, surgeon in the Continental Army and an active physician, had given a successful series of lectures on Anatomy in Boston in 1780 and 1781, and was invited to re- peat them in Cambridge. This he did, and at the request of the College drew up articles to govern the Department of Medicine to be formed in connection with Harvard College. He was chosen to the chair of Anatomy and Surgery in 1782, and a month later Benjamin Water- house, a Boston practitioner, formerly of Newport, was elected Professor of the Theory and Practice of Physic. The following year Aaron Dexter, a Boston apothecary, was made Professor of Materia Medica. These three composed the teaching force during the early years of the school. Dr. Holmes thus describes Dr. W T ater- house as he appeared during NM his later life in Cambridge: "A^- brisk, dapper old gentleman, HOLDEN CHAPEL IN CAMBRIDGE with hair tied in a ribbon behind, and, I think, powdered, marching smartly about with his gold-headed cane, with a look of questioning sagacity and an utterance of oracular gra- vity. The good people of Cambridge listened to his learned talk when they were well, and sent for one of the other two doctors when they were sick." The instruction consisted at first mainly of lectures, which 76 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION were given in Harvard Hall and Holden Chapel in the College grounds at Cambridge. Dissecting material was hard to pro- cure. The first degrees were conferred in 1788 and were those of Bachelors of Medicine, the first Doctors of Medicine being graduated in 1811. Ward Nicholas Boylston laid the foundation of the Bovlston Medical Library by giving to the school in 1800 about eleven hundred volumes of selected authors. — a great help to the strug- gling school. Attempts to secure clinical advantages in Cam- bridge proving fruitless, arrangements were made, in 1810. for a course of clinical lectures at the almshouse on Leverett Street. in Boston, and a Professor of Clinical Medicine was appointed in the person of James Jackson. Two years later he succeeded Dr. Waterhouse as Professor of Theory and Practice, and held both positions for several years. The professors were paid, for the most part, by the fees received from their pupils. The home of the school in Boston was at first in rooms over White's apothecary shop, on the site of the clothing store of Macullar, Parker Company, at what is now No. 400 Washington Street, between School and Summer streets. The number of medical students hi 1814 was one hundred and twenty, of which fifty were at the school in Boston and seventy in Cambridge. Communication between Boston and Cambridge was by ferry to Charlestown and a long journey over the road. Many were the subterfuges resorted to in order to get material for dissection. Popular prejudice was strong against anatomical study, and "body snatching" alone pro- duced practical results. The good physician of those days had to possess many sorts of fortitude, — he must brave the terrors of the law to round out his education, and keep a steady hand while operating on conscious and suffering humanity. The anatomical dissections were made in the rooms over White's apothecary shop, and the clinical facilities were fur- nished by the almshouse, the Marine Hospital(l803)at Charles- town, the Boston Dispensary (1801), and the State Prison at Charlestown. For many years the lectures in chemistry were delivered at Cambridge. GUIDE TO BOSTON 77 Dr. John Warren died in 1815, and was succeeded in the chair of Anatomy and Surgery by his son, John Collins War- ren. In this same year Jacob Bigelow was Lecturer in Materia Medica and Botany, and Walter Channing in Midwifery, so that when the school moved into its new building on Mason Street, — the Massachusetts Medical College, as it was called in 18 16, — the teaching force had materially changed, and con- sisted of J. C. Warren in Anatomy and Surgery ; James Jackson, in Theory and Practice; Jacob Bigelow in Materia Medica; Walter Channing in Midwifery, and John Gorham, who had succeeded Dexter, in Chemistry. Dr. Gorham was one of the founders of the New England Medical Journal (1812), the forerunner of the Boston Medical and SurgicalJournal (1828). Dr. J. C. Warren was Professor of -------- -- Anatomy and Surgery dur- ing the years the school re- mained on Ma- son St. He was instrumental in getting the le- gislative grant with which the Mason Street building was erected, and he helped raise the sum of 8150,000 which was used to build the Massachusetts General Hospital. He was selected as visiting surgeon to the hospital when it was opened in 1821, and per- formed there the first operation under ether anaesthesia, in Oc- tober, 1846. He was the third president of the American Medi- cal Association. The first regular medical faculty was organized November 1, 18 16, and consisted of Drs. Jackson, Warren, Gorham, Bigelow and Channing. A library and a museum were established in the new school. The number of students in 1818 was fifty-eight, and Massachusetts Medical College, Mason Street, Boston, 1815. 78 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION the course of lectures was three months. When the Massachusetts General Hospital was completed, it was used to provide clinical material for the students. John Ware succeeded James Jackson as Hersey Professor of the Theory and Practice of Physic in 1836, and John W T hite Web- ster succeeded Dr. Gorham in 1827. In 1831 the Medical School was organized as a distinct de- partment^ with its own dean, and with complete local self-gov- ernment, maintaining its own receipts and expenditures, and it remained in this anomalous condition until President Eliot took charge of the University in 1870. Then a new regime began, and dating from this time the president was instru- mental in developing the school as an integral part of the University. In 1846 George Parkman presented the growing school with a lot of land on North Grove Street, close to the Massachu- setts General Hospital, and a new building was erected thereon. The Parkman Professorship of Anatomy and Physiology was created by the President and Fellows of Harvard College in 1847, and Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes was elected to fill this office. At the same time Dr. J. B. S. Jackson was created Pro- fessor of Pathological Anatomy. This was the year of the or- ganization of the America?! Medical Association. In 1849 Dr. Henry J. Bigelow succeeded Dr. Hayward, who had followed Dr. W 7 arren in the chair of Surgery. The Warren museum of anatomical preparations, collected by Dr. John C. Warren abroad and in this country, was given to the school on the completion of the new building, and was the basis of the present Warren Anatomical Museum, containing about nine thousand specimens, illustrating both normal and pathological anatomy and materia medica. At this time the different clinical facilities were furnished by the Massachusetts General Hospital, close at hand ; by the Mas- sachusetts Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary (1824), which moved into a new building on Charles Street in 1850; by the Perkins Institution for the Blind (1829) in South Boston, and by the Bos- ton Lying-in Hospital (l 832) on McLean Street. It was at this hos- GUIDE TO BOSTON 79 pital that Dr. O. W. Holmes made the study of puerperal sep- ticaemia, on which he founded his famous thesis which revolu- tionized the practice of obstetrics. Clinical teaching in mental diseases was conducted at the Asylum for the Insane at Danvers and at the Boston Insane Hospital. The clinical advantages of the school were increased by the founding of the House of the Good Samaritan in I860, and by the building of the Boston City Hospital in 1864. The Children s Hospital, founded in 1869, opened its doors to the students of the school in 1882, and the Free Hospital for Women (1875) at about this time. In later years the students have had clini- cal facilities afforded them at the Infants Hospital, the Long Island Hospital for chronic diseases in Boston Harbor, and the Carney Hospital. At the present time the clinical facilities are probably greater than in any medical school in the country. It is hoped that the members of the American Medical Associ- ation will inspect the many hospitals of the city. The intro- duction of the use of ether anaesthesia in surgical practice in 1846 (see Massachusetts General Hospital) produced a revo- lution in surgical methods, and inaugurated a new era in medicine. In 1849 occurred the notorious Parkman murder in the Medical School building. George Parkman, the donor of the land on which the school was built, went to the school one day in November to collect a debt from Dr. John W. Webster, the Professor of Chemistry. He was seen to enter the building at 1.45 p.m., and was never seen again alive. No trace of him was found until a week later, when a pelvis, a right thigh and a left leg were found in a privy connected with Webster's pri- vate laboratory. In the laboratory furnace were found many bones, and the block of mineral teeth and the gold filling which served to identify the remains as those of Parkman. Webster was arrested, and finally confessed that Parkman had taunted him on the nonpayment of his debt, that he had killed him in a fit of anger by hitting him on the head with a stick of wood, and then disposed of the body to hide his guilt. The trial made a profound sensation in Boston, because of the high 80 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION social and professional standing of both parties. Webster was hanged August 30, 1850. Among the eminent men connected with the school while it was on North Grove Street were G. C. Shattuck, Professor of Clinical Medicine, and also of Theory and Practice; Jacob Bigelow, Professor of Materia Medica; Jeffries Wyman, Her- sey Professor of Anatomy; David Humphreys Storer, Professor of Obstetrics ; Henry J. Bigelow, Professor of Surgery ; Charles W. Eliot, later president of the college, Lecturer in Chemistry ; Morrill Wyman, Professor of Theory and Practice; Henry I. Bowditch, Jackson Professor of Clinical Medicine, and Calvin Ellis, Professor of Clinical Medicine. Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes gave his last lecture in Anatomy in the North Grove Street building in 1882. As before, whenever the school had progressed to the point where larger and better facilities were needed, the younger and more progressive men came to the fore, the older men re- tired, and there were changes in the teaching force. The need of a school building located in a more respectable part of the city was felt as early as 1874, the neighborhood of North Grove Street having deteriorated very markedly. Dr. Holmes ima- gined a graduate of a well-ordered medical institution in Europe exclaiming on seeing the school, "O star-eyed Science! hast thou wandered there!" A public meeting was held in 1874, and a committee ap- pointed to raise funds. It was not until the fall of 1883, one hundred years after the founding of the school, that the Har- vard Medical School moved into its new building on Boylston Street. The building cost, with the land, $321,415, and was thought at the time to be admirably suited to the needs of the institution for many years to come. A four-years' course of study was made optional in 1879-80, before moving to Boylston Street. In 1892 it was made obliga- tory, with most beneficial results, the number of students not falling off to any appreciable extent. In 1893 the teaching staff consisted of eighty-six men, exclusive of those connected with the Summer School. The opening of the Sears Pathological GUIDE TO BOSTON 81 Laboratory at the school, and the pathological laboratories at the Massachusetts General and City hospitals, greatly enlarged the facilities for instruction. The Graduate School was developed, and opportunities offered for men to become investigators or specialists of the highest type. A degree in Arts or Science HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL, 1883-1906 was required for admission to the school after 1902, Harvard being the pioneer in this respect, as she was the second medi- cal school in the country to require a four-years' course of study. In 1904-5, of the 307 students in the school, 267, or 87per cent., were holders of the preliminary degree of A.B or S.B. Beginning with the year 1899-1900 a new arrangement of the subjects taught in the first two years was adopted. During the first half of the first year the students devote their time solely to Anatomy and Histology, and during the second half of the first year to Physiology and Physiological and Pathologi- cal Chemistry. They devote the first half of the second year to Pathology and Bacteriology, and the remainder of the second year to a variety of subjects which more particularly prepare the student for the clinical work of the third and fourth years. Experience has shown that this logical arrangement of the 82 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION subjects of the first two years enables a student to concentrate his energies to a much greater advantage than he can when his attention is divided among several subjects. Each corre- lated group presents sufficient variety to avoid monotony. An- other advantage of this method is that it greatly increases the amount of time which can be devoted to each subject. In 1902 certain other changes in the curriculum were adopted, to take effect with the class entering in the autumn of that year. The new course of study is so arranged that the first three years are devoted to prescribed work, and the fourth year entirely to elective courses. A minimum of one thou- sand hours' w r ork will be required of each fourth-year stu- dent; and courses will be offered adapted to the student who wishes to fit himself to be a general practitioner, and also suita- ble courses for those who intend to become specialists or teach- ers in any department of medicine. The new elective curricu- lum of the fourth year began in the autumn of 1905. When the school moved to Boylston Street, it separated it- self from a near-by hospital, and since this time the clinical facilities, although most ample, have been spread about in many hospitals at a considerable distance from the school building. All this is to be changed at the Longwood Avenue location, and the great need of medical education is to be met by a conjunction of laboratories with clinical advantages. The present faculty of medicine consists of thirty-four members, and in addition there are one hundred and eight instructors, lectur- ers, and assistants. The graduate department provides 133 dif- ferent courses, and last summer there were given 1 23 courses in the Summer School to 173 students. There are at present in the school 333 students, divided as follows : courses for gradu- ates, 6l ; fourth class, 66; third class, 55; second class, 72; first class, 79- The New School on Longwood Avenue The scheme for the expansion and development of the medi- cal school was conceived several years ago, and owes its suc- cess in a large measure to the untiring efforts of Henry P. I GUIDE TO BOSTON 83 Bowditch and J. Collins Warren, who educated the members of the medical profession to demand, and the public to pro- vide, the means for the accomplishment of this object, so fraught with promise to the cause of medical education. In 1900 a Committee of the Faculty of the Medical School secured a parcel of land on Longwood Avenue, on the outskirts of Boston, near the Brookline line, as the site for the new medi- cal school. The land was held in trust by twenty public-spirited citizens of Boston and vicinity, who subscribed $565,000 for the purpose. Provisional plans for five buildings were made by Shepley, Rutan and Coolidge, architects, and in March, 1901, Henry P. Bowditch and J. Collins Warren submitted the plans to J. Pierpont Morgan. He agreed to erect the central administra- tion pavilion and two others, in memory of his father, Junius Spencer Morgan. Through W. B. Coley, of New York, an alum- nus of the school, John D. Rockefeller was interested in the project. He sent an expert to make a thorough inquiry of the financial situation and the prospects for the future. As a result of a most exhaustive report, it appeared that it would require $4,950,000 to buy land for the medical school and erect the five proposed buildings, and provide a sufficient endowment, and that of this sum the Corporation of Harvard University had $3,185,000, including $1,135,000 pledged by J. P. Morgan. Mr. Rockefeller agreed to give $1,000,000, applicable to build- ing or to endowment, provided that the balance of $765,000 was procured from other sources before Commencement Dajr in 1902. By April 1, 1902, Drs. Warren and Bowditch had ga- thered subscriptions from sixty-nine different donors, to the amount of $821,725, and the success of the undertaking was assured. The largest individual subscription, obtained through W. B. Coley, was that of $250,000, by Mrs. Collis P. Huntington, of New York, to be devoted to the Pathological and Bacterio- logical Laboratory. Arrangements were made with several hospitals whereby a portion of the land not needed for the medical school should be reserved for the erection of hospitals, to be managed in 84 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION conjunction with the school. Further bequests have been received by the Corporation since the guarantee fund was made up, and still others will be welcome. One hospital, the House of the Good Samaritan, is already erected, and in active operation at the new location, and it is planned to have in the near future ample clinical fa- cilities close at hand to the school, making it a medical uni- versity and the greatest medical centre in the world. The present House of the Good Samaritan, on Binney Street, off Longwood Avenue, is the outcome of a work started by Miss Annie Smith Robbins in I860. She at that time opened the house at the corner of McLean and Chambers streets, for the care of women suffering from chronic diseases. The house had a capacity of twelve patients. Later an orthopedic department was added. The work was carried on under the direction of the founder, who lived in the house until the time of her death, in 1 899- After the death of Miss Robbins, the board of trustees, her relatives and friends raised the money for the present model hospital, which was first occupied in July, 1905. The present building has forty beds, twelve of which are orthopedic, the rest medical. The medical side di- vides its beds about equally be- tween patients with phthisis and those suffering with other chro- nic diseases. The institution is the first example in this community of a hospital for the treatment of chronic diseases, it being in every respect a hospital and not a home. The present building, besides having wards, operating rooms, laboratory and administration offices that illustrate the most modern ideas in hospital construction, has a sun parlor and Photo, by Dr. M. D. Miller HOUSE OF THE GOOD SAMARITAN GUIDE TO BOSTON 85 balconies on each floor. The beds can be wheeled from the wards to these balconies, and the patients spend a good deal of the day here. Such patients as it is desirable to have do so sleep on the balconies. In the basement of the building is located the out-patient department, also a hydrotherapeutic room. The out-patient de- partment has recently taken up the care of tuberculosis pa- tients, who come to the hospital each morning and spend the day there, undergoing the open-air treatment. These patients are given dinners, besides lunches on their arrival and depar- ture. A nurse visits them in their homes, and advises and assists them as to the best manner of applying the principles of the open-air treatment during the time they are at home. THE WEST END THE so-called West End of Boston is a curious and interesting composite of slums, shabby-genteel, and lingering aristocracy. In places it retains more than any other part the genuine old Boston atmosphere. To the mem- bers of the American Medical Association it is of especial in- terest, containing, as it does, the Massachusetts General Hospital, the Boston Lying-in Hospital, the Lif ants' Hospital, the Massachu- setts Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary, St. Margaret's Hospital, the Charming Home and the Vincent Memorial Hospital. The West End is bounded roughly on the north by Lever- ett Street, on the south by Beacon Street and the Common, on the west by Charles Street and the Charles River, and on the east by Somerset Street and Bowdoin Square. Starting at the archway of the State House over Mt. Vernon Street one finds himself at the corner of Hancock Street, on which are situated many of Boston's once fashionable resi- dences. Walking westward along Mt. Vernon Street, one comes to Joy Street. Descending on the right we come to Cambridge Street, and crossing it continue straight on through Chambers Street. On the left, at No. 44, in two inconspicuous houses, is the Vincent Memorial Hospital. This institution was incorporated in 1890, in memory of Mrs. J. R. Vincent, an actress and member of the old Boston Museum Stock Company. The physicians of the Trinity Dispensary, connected with St. An- drew's Church, at No. 38 Chambers Street, seeing that the use- fulness of their dispensary could be increased if they had some hospital beds at their disposal, made a plea for such a gift. The money was raised by private and public subscription, and the present buildings purchased. Women patients only are treated, and the hospital staff consists entirely of women. One now continues along Chambers Street and comes to McLean Street, on the left. At this corner stands the build- ing used until recently as the House of the Good Samaritan, at present established in a fine new building in an attractive GUIDE TO BOSTON 87 part of the city. The visitor may diverge from the route by turn- ing down Green Street, on the right, to Bowdoin Square. Here stands the Revere House, one of Bos- ton's old-time hos- telries which still maintains an air of respectability. It has had the distinction of entertaining Presi- dent Fillmore, Jenny Lind, the singer, the Prince of Wales, and the Grand Duke Al- exis of Russia. A newly constructed "Grotto" will appeal to the tired sight- seer. Returning to Mc- Lean Street, on the B0ST0N LYING ' IN hospi tal left stands the Boston Lying-in Hospital. This was organized in 1832 for the care of poor and deserving women during confinement. After several changes in location and mode of administration, the trustees established the institution in its present quarters. In 1 890 the hospital was enlarged to the pro- portions in which we find it by the purchase of adjoining houses, and about sixty patients can now be accommodated. In 1881 an out-patient department was established with a branch in the South End, now at No. 174 Harrison Avenue, at the foot of Bennet Street. In this department women are confined at their homes. Students from the third and fourth year classes at the Harvard Medical School do this work, under experienced supervision, and in this way get the training in obstetrics re- quired for their degree. In 1889 the hospital opened a training school for nurses. The hospital treats annually about seven hun- dred in-patients and two thousand out-patients. 88 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION A few doors beyond, at No. 30, is the Charming Home. This was established in May. 1857, by Miss Harriet Ryan, the late Mrs. John Albee, the present building being opened May 1, 1870. This is not a hospital in the ordinary sense of the word, but a home for incurables. The institution has accommodations for fourteen inmates, women and girls only being admitted. Leaving the Channing Home and walking on to Blossom Street, one finds himself at the main entrance of the Massa- chusetts General Hospital. Before inspecting this hospital, the visitor may care to stop for a moment at the Infants' Hos- pital, of which the full name is the Thomas Morgan Rotch, Jr., Memorial Hospital for Infants. This was incorporated in 1881, and receives as in-patients children up to two years of age only. In the out-patient department, however, children up to twelve years of age are treated. Contagious diseases, includ- ing syphilis, are not admitted. There are twenty-four beds, of which six are surgical and eighteen medical. In connection w T ith the hospital there is a post-graduate training school for nurses. Courses of instruction to nursemaids are given here. In 1905, 206 cases were admitted to the medical ward, and 65 to the surgical ward, — a total of 271. In the out-patient depart- ment a total of 2,711 new cases w r ere treated during 1905. After July 1 the hospital closes, and its work is taken up dur- ing the summer months by the Boston Floating Hospital (see page 1 1 0). Returning now to the Massachusetts General Hospital the visitor will want to spend some time in this famous institu- tion. With the exception of the Pennsylvania Hospital, it is the oldest hospital in the country. It undoubtedly owes its exist- ence to Dr. J. C. Warren, the first Professor of Anatomy and Surgery at the Harvard Medical School, and to Dr. James Jackson, whose life has just been written in a most charming manner by his grandson, Dr. James Jackson Putnam. Drs. Warren and Jackson together succeeded in raising the re- quisite funds for the enterprise, and the hospital was incor- porated February 25, 1811, and opened to patients Septem- GUIDE TO BOSTON 89 ber 3, 1821. During the first year of its existence it received substantial aid from the State, but with this exception it has been wholly supported by voluntary contributions from the citizens of Boston and its neighborhood. During the first three weeks of its existence only one pa- tient is said to have applied for treatment, and at the end of the first year there were but twelve patients in the wards. It grew rapidly in size, however, and now can accommodate about three hundred patients. In 1905 the daily number of patients averaged 277, and about 3,200 operations were per- formed; 1,997 medical cases and 3,099 surgical cases were treated. In the out-patient department 21,874 new cases were M 1 1 MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL, 1831 treated in 1905, this number including medical, surgical, or- thopedic, genito-urinary, skin, nervous, nose and throat, and children's diseases. Patients suffering from medical or surgical diseases are received from any part of the United States or the Provinces. Chronic and incurable cases are, as a rule, re- fused admission, and no contagious or confinement cases are admitted. There are three surgical and two medical services. The original building, made of Chelmsford granite, was de- 90 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION signed by Charles Bulfinch, the architect of the new State House. When completed, in 1821, it was considered the finest edifice in New England. In 1846 two new wings were added. The year of 1846 is especially notable from the fact that on October 16 the first public demonstration of ether as a general anaesthetic jvas given by Dr. W. T. G. Morton in the little amphitheatre under the dome. The history of ether is most interesting. Previous to 1 846 it was regarded rather as a chemical curiosity, although for many years it had been known that ether, when inhaled, produced insensibility, and many are the amusing experiences and in- teresting experiments recounted; but to Dr. W. T. G. Mor- ton, a prominent Boston dentist, its introduction to the world as a certain and safe anaesthetic is undoubtedly due. No words can express the value to mankind of this discovery. The story of ether is, briefly, as follows : * After innumerable experiments and disheartening failures, Dr. Morton became convinced that proper publicity for the new discovery could be attained only through the agency of some leading surgeon, by the performance of an impressive operation in the presence of numerous spectators. The Massa- chusetts General Hospital, the sole hospital in Boston at that time, naturally suggested itself as a desirable place for such an exhibition. Accordingly, Dr. Morton called upon Dr. John C. Warren, one of the surgeons of the hospital, and told him that he had discovered something which would prevent pain during a surgical operation. He did not say what it was, but begged for an opportunity to employ it in some case in which Dr. W T arren might be the operator. Dr. Warren, having had a general acquaintance with Dr. Morton for a year or two before this time, listened to this communication as to one of impor- tance and magnitude, and promised, although at the moment unable to comply with the request, to do so on the first occa- sion which offered. The hospital at this time was in a flourish- ing condition, and included in its staff many noted physicians. * For this history of the introduction of ether the writer has made extensive use of Br. R. M. Hodges 's " The Introduction of Sulphuric Ether.'"' •s S o W B Q u CQ & Ph ':„.'■"■•! GUIDE TO BOSTON 91 The medical staff consisted of Jacob Bigelow, Enoch Hale, John B. S. Jackson, Henry I. Bowditch, John D. Fisher and Oliver Wendell Holmes. The surgical staff was made up of John C. Warren, George Hayward, Solomon D. Townsend, Henry J. Bigelow, J. Mason Warren and Samuel Parkman. It is worthy of note that from 1871 until February 1, 1905, the name of Warren — father, son and grandson — has been enrolled on the surgical staff of the Massachusetts General Hospital. The retirement of the present Dr. J. Collins Warren on the latter date removes for the first time this illustrious name from the roll. On the morning of October 13, 1846, a young man named Gilbert Abbott, twenty years old, was brought into the oper- ating theatre of the hospital to undergo an operation for the removal of a congenital, but superficial, vascular tumor, just below the jaw on the left side of the neck. Arrangements for its performance having been completed, Dr. J. C. Warren was about to begin when he paused, and said: "T now recollect that I promised Dr. Morton to give him the earliest oppor- tunity of trying a mode for preventing pain in surgical opera- tions ; and if the patient consents, I shall defer this operation to another day, and invite Dr. Morton to administer his pre- paration." The patient naturally approved of this proposal. The operation was postponed to the following Friday, October 16. At the hospital on this Friday morning Dr. Warren having waited ten or fifteen minutes turned to those present and said: " As Dr. Morton has not yet arrived, I presume he is otherwise engaged" — apparently conveying the idea that Morton did not intend to appear. This remark created a laugh. Dr. Warren then sat down by his patient. Just as he raised his knife to begin, Dr. Morton entered with his inhaler, an apparatus on which he had spent no end of labor and ingenu- ity. Having completed his preparations, Morton proceeded to administer his compound. " Are you afraid?" he said to the patient. "No," replied the young man, "1 feel confident, and will do precisely as you tell me." The spectators (see the cut on the opposite page, which gives a good view of the persons pre- 92 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION sent, and of the little amphitheatre as it was on that day) looked on incredulously, especially as the patient at first became ex- hilarated, but suddenly, when his unconsciousness was evi- dent, there was a start of surprise. Dr. Morton then calmly informed Dr. Warren that his patient was ready. As the opera- tion progressed, the utmost silence prevailed. Every eye was fixed upon the novel scene in eager expectancy and amaze- ment. During the later part of the operation, the patient was sufficiently conscious "to move his limbs and to utter extraor- dinary expressions, and these movements seemed to indicate the existence of pain, but after he had recovered his faculties he said he had experienced none, but only a sensation like that of scraping the part with a blunt instrument." This somewhat imperfect insensibility arose from the fact that as the opera- tion had taken longer than was anticipated, Morton had several times removed the inhaler from the young man's mouth. While the patient was still lying on the table, Dr. W 7 arren turned to the audience and said slowly and emphatically, "Gentlemen, this is no humbug." He then remarked that a satisfactory test of the preparation could be made only by repeated trials, and ended by asking Dr. Morton to come to the hospital and ad- minister it again on the following day. This first operation oc- cupied about five minutes. It was certainly incomplete as a demonstration, — there were manifest signs of consciousness during the dissection, which was not, perhaps, of the most painful description. A powerful drug, or even the imagination, as it was said, might have been an adequate agency in produ- cing the phenomena observed. Dr. J. C. Warren himself said it should be placed in the class of cases of imperfect etherization. The impression made upon the observers was, nevertheless, profound enough for Dr. Henry J. Bigelow to say to a physi- cian whom he met as he left the hospital, "I have seen some- thing to-day which will go around the world." He lived to see this remark prove true. The discretion and moral courage which were instrumental in permitting the introduction of a disguised and only partially known anodyne into the Massachusetts General Hospital GUIDE TO BOSTON 93 should not be forgotten or passed by without mention. Even those who looked with no friendly eye on the attitude of Bos- ton in this matter candidly asserted that to the surgeons of this hospital the world owes the immediate adoption of the anaesthesia of surgery. Although all responsibility for the act rested absolutely with the surgeons, the trustees of that institution, — a board of twelve gentlemen of the highest consideration in this commu- nity, — impressed by the beneficent and humane aspects of the situation, cooperated in every way to promote its acceptance. They awarded the right of discovery to Dr. Morton, and they befriended him personally, although he was a stranger to all of them. None of them were physicians or engaged in similar pur- suits, but they took no narrow T -minded or superficial view of the all-absorbing event. The active part they bore, under the lead of Mr. Nathaniel Ingersoll Bowditch, in the discussions and inquiries of the time, contributed greatly to the favorable reception of anaesthesia, and to its prompt adoption in this community and elsewhere. As one enters the hospital grounds he sees to the left a small brick building, used until recently as an admitting room to the old out-patient department, but within the last two or three years fitted up for the use of the two assistant resident physi- cians. The brick house on the right, built in 1891^ is the home of the resident physician, Dr. Herbert B. Howard. Entering the hospital, one sees to the left the administra- tive offices, and to the right a small room where the telephones are operated. This room was in early days used as a dispensary for out-patients, and is the birthplace of the present enormous out-patient department. Continuing along the corridor, one ascends the stairs to the Treadwell Library, a quiet, sunny room, with three alcoves and adorned with the portraits and busts of the former trustees and physicians of the hospital. The nucleus of this library, a collection of five thousand volumes, many of them large and expensive works not generally found elsewhere, was given by Dr. Treadwell, of Salem. The library contains now over six thousand volumes and over three thousand pamphlets, 94 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION and subscribes to seventy of the current medical journals. The assistant librarian, Mrs. Myers, will gladly explain to visitors the various excellent card catalogues of cases, and will give any in- formation as to details of the administration of a hospital li- brary. On either side of the library, on this floor and on that above, open the old wards ; those in the east wing being medi- cal, those in the west wing surgical. After leaving the library, one should ascend two more flights of stairs, until he reaches the little amjihitheatre under the dome. The construction and isolation of this room was planned, so it is said, to prevent, as far as possible, the cries of those undergoing operations in pre-anaesthesia days from being heard by other patients. The room is much the same as it was on the day which made it famous, and is now used for clinical lectures to nurses and medical students. In the two glass cases are preserved the sponges and apparatus first used in giving ether, together with countless surgical instruments of antique design used by the early surgeons of the hospital. Over these cases hangs a fine oil painting of Dr. John C. Warren, who per- formed the first operation in which ether was used. Descending now to the ground floor, and continuing along the tortuous corridor, one soon comes to a large tiled hallway, through which one passes to the newer portions of the hos- pital. Turning sharply to the right, one leaves the building, crosses the driveway and enters the pathological laboratory. The latter is large and sunny, and complete in all its details. Its director, Dr. James H. Wright, or the assistant pathologist, Dr. Oscar Richardson, will show to visiting ptrysicians the dif- ferent rooms of the pathological laboratory, the animal room, the chemical laboratory, the morgue and the autopsy room. The laboratories were established in 1896, while the morgue and autopsy rooms — together known as "The Allen Street House" — date from 1875. In this same building is the engine and dynamo room, from which all the heating and lighting is furnished, not only to the hospital, but also to the Massachusetts Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary. GUIDE TO BOSTON 95 Leaving the laboratory building and returning to the tiled hallway, the visitor, if he desires, may inspect the so-called Service Building, the doors of which open on the right. Herein are contained the storerooms for hospital provisions and supplies of all sorts; the apothecary department and X-ray room; the house officers', nurses', orderlies' and servants' dining-rooms, and the kitchens and sleeping quarters for the maids. Miss Clark, the matron, is prepared to conduct visitors through this building. One now should go down the corridor to the new surgical amphitheatre, opened in 1901. To the right as one enters, one sees the Laboratory of Surgical Pathology, and opposite, two rooms used by the house officers and nurses, respectively, in preparing themselves for operations. Beyond these are four smaller rooms, three being the etherizing rooms, one for each surgical service, and one being a dark room for cystoscopy and the like. Beyond these there opens a wide marble corridor, out of which opens the large main amphitheatre containing a fine bronze bust of the late Dr. Henry J. Bigelow, the hospital's deity. Dr. Bigelow' s name is familiar to the profession through- out the world for his development of the art of litholapaxy and of the instruments for its performance, for his anatomical stud- ies of the hip joint, and for his method of reduction by mani- pulation of dislocations of the hip. From this corridor open also the surgeons' consulting and dressing rooms, the separate oper- ating rooms of the three surgical services and another larger room for septic cases, and an instrument and sterilizing room. On Saturdays the large amphitheatre is open to the public, and all operating is done there. On other days operations are performed and may be witnessed in the small operating rooms. After leaving the Surgical Building, the visitor may care to continue along the corridor to see the different surgical wards, six in all, built mostly in the '70's. Ward E contains a fine little operating room, where only clean abdominal cases are done. Back of this ward may be seen the Thayer Building, where the nurses, over a hundred in all, are quartered. The Training School for Nurses has existed since 1 873, 96 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION and offers a three-years' course, embracing practical instruc- tion in general, medical and surgical work. We will now return to the large hallway which we first en- tered, and thence go down the incline to the Accident Ward, comprising a series of rooms, each for special cases, and well equipped for its work. The stairway near by leads to hallowed precincts, namely, the house officers' "flat." Just beyond the stairs on the left is the entrance to the Zander Roojn. This occupies the former old Bigelow operating theatre, opened in 1868. The Zander apparatus for medico- ZANDER ROOM IN THE MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL mechanical therapeutics was imported from Sweden, and the room was opened to patients in July, 1904. It is the only one of its kind in the city, and one of the few in this country. A thorough inspection of its details and possibilities will be found distinctly worth while. Dr. Max Bohm, the director, will explain the apparatus to visitors. Next to the Zander Room is the Gay Ward, occupying what was formerly the out-patient department. The ward once in- cluded the floors above, the latter being now used as orderlies' quarters. The Gay Ward is employed as a relief ward when others are being renovated. GUIDE TO BOSTON 97 One now continues on through the corridor, and turns to the right into a long passage. This passage leads to the ward, built in 1903, which is set apart for skin, nerve, and nose and throat cases. From this long corridor the visitor now turns off to the left and enters the new out-patient building. The floor he now is on contains a large amphitheatre for clinical lectures to students, the male surgical and medical rooms and the genito-urinary rooms, all ample and well adapted to their uses. On the floor above are the women's medical and surgical departments, and the rooms for children's diseases. On the third floor are the skin, nerve, nose and throat departments, and another amphitheatre for students. The Massachusetts General Hospital has never had a gynecological department, the patients afflicted with the diseases of women being treated by the medical or surgical services. After a careful inspection of all these different floors one should now descend to the basement, where he will find the desks of the admitting physician and his assistants, the ortho- pedic department, the out-patient X-ray room and the record room. The latter is a model of its kind, and should be in- spected. The hospital also maintains a Convalescent Home in the neigh- boring town of Waverley. Situated on a hill within the grounds of the McLean Hospital, it offers a splendid opportunity for the speedy recovery of patients who have long been confined to their beds. The home accommodates about thirty patients, and is in charge of a matron, a nurse, and a house officer from the general hospital. The McLean Hospital, known until 1892 as the McLean Asylum for the Insane, was opened to patients in October, 1818, and received its name from John McLean, who be- queathed $100,000 to the institution. Its charter is the same as that of the Massachusetts General Hospital and it is under the control of the same board of trustees. The annual reports of the two institutions are also published together. From its foundation in 1818 to 1895 the McLean Hospital was located in the neighboring town of Somerville in imposing buildings, 98 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION designed, like those of the General Hospital, by Charles Bulfinch. In 1875 a large tract of land situated on a hill in the town of Waverley was purchased for the use of the hospital. The situa- tion is one of great beauty, elevated and salubrious. The estate has been added to until now it contains about two hundred acres. In 1895 the hospital was moved there from Somerville, and comprised eighteen fine buildings. Since then several additions have been built. The effect of individual residences is gained by choosing sites for these houses at dif- ferent levels and by adopting for each of them a different style of architecture. There are accommodations for nearly two hundred patients. All kinds of mental diseases are treated, the fine situation, skilled care, and pleasant surroundings con- tributing greatly to the chance of recovery. In 1882 a training school for nurses was organized; this is open to men and wo- men, who receive training in general nursing with special re- ference to the care of mental disease. The course for men is two years, that for women is two and a half years. As one leaves the Massachusetts General Hospital by way of the new out-patient department, he finds himself on Fruit Street, at the head of North Grove Street, where stands the old brick building which from 1846 until 1883 was occupied by MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL AND HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL IN 1852 the Harvard Medical School, but since then used by the Harvard Dental School. The Dental School was founded in 1867 by the GUIDE TO BOSTON 99 President and Fellows of Harvard University. Up to 1883 it occupied several different quarters in the West End. The school confers the degree of D.M.D. after a three years' course, of which the first year is the same as that of the med- ical school. The staff numbers about sixty. Students are in- structed by actual work on patients, of which over six thou- sand were treated during 1904-5 at the school infirmary. There are ample and well equipped laboratories and lecture rooms. In the near future the school is to occupy larger and better quarters on land adjoining that of the new medical school. Massachusetts has a Board of Registration in Dentistry, and it is necessary to pass an examination by the board before per- mission to practise is granted. Those who are interested may now go down North Grove Street a few steps and inspect the new Morgue, built in 1903. Medical Examiners. Massachusetts has a system of medical examiners whose duty it is to investigate every case of sup- posed death by violence. Well qualified medical men are ap- pointed by the Governor and Council for the term of seven years. Each county of the State is divided into districts, and one or more examiners is assigned to each district. Suffolk County, in which Boston is situated, has two medical exami- ners and an associate medical examiner. It is the medical ex- aminer's duty to view every body supposed to have come to a violent death, and if he thinks it necessary to make a further investigation he makes an autopsy, first having obtained con- sent of the district attorney. The North Grove Street Morgue is the headquarters of the northern district of Suffolk County, and the City Hospital Morgue for the southern district. The medical examiner is required to give expert testimony in court if there is need, and he has to make an annual re- port to the Secretary of the Commonwealth of the records of all violent deaths. It may interest the visitor to know that the land extending from the Dental School building and from the westerly end of the old building of the Massachusetts General Hospital has all been filled in since the Dental School was built. The best 100 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION idea of the extent of this new-made land can be had by con- sulting the map of old Boston, facing page 2, and the picture which shows the old Medical School and the Massachusetts General Hospital in 1852, on page 98. Returning from the Morgue to Fruit Street, and turning to the left, one comes beyond the out-patient department of the Massachusetts General Hospital to the fine new building of the Massachusetts Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary. This institution owes its origin to Dr. Edward Reynolds and Dr. John Jeffries, who, in November, 1824, opened a small dispensary in an- other part of the town, for gratuitous treatment of the poor afflicted with diseases of the eye. Two years later the success of the effort was so great that the dispensary was incorporated by the legislature under its present title. After two temporary headquarters, it removed, in 1 8 5 0, to the building standing at the corner of Charles Street and Cam- bridge Street. In 1899 the infirm- ary, having out- grown its old quarters, moved to its present fine eye and ear infirmary buildino-. The in- firmary receives poor patients with diseases of the eye and ear; those living in Massachusetts being admitted free unless able to pay their board. Those coming from other states are charged six dollars per week for their board. There are accommoda- tions for 160 patients. In 1905, 1,651 patients were treated in the ophthalmic wards, and 1,251 in the aural wards. In the out-patient depart- ment, 32,417 new patients were treated, of which 23,498 were ophthalmic, and 8,919 were aural cases. In addition to the regular wards, there is the Gardner GUIDE TO BOSTON 101 Building, used solely for the treatment of contagious diseases of the eye. In this building 308 cases were treated in 1905. An excellent post-graduate training school, for nurses who are graduates of any general hospital training school, is main- tained. The course is four months, and includes thorough in- struction in the care of ophthalmic and aural cases. Opposite the Eye and Ear Infirmary is the Charlesbank, a part of Boston's park system. It is an attractive bit of ground, designed for the poor of the neighborhood, and contains a gymnasium, playgrounds and sand gardens. Turning to the right, and walking along Charles Street to the north, past the Charlesbank, one soon comes to Leverett Street. Here stands the old Craigie Bridge immortalized in Longfellow's poem, "The Bridge." It leads to East Cambridge. Here the Charles River Basin Commis- sion is constructing a shut-off dam which is to convert the river above this point into a fresh-water lake with a perma- nent level. Locks are being constructed on the Boston side, so that the river may be used for commerce, as at present. Work was begun in 1904, and *; it is hoped to have the dam women's gymnasium, charles- _ . . _ _ BANK and locks completed in 1908. This improvement necessitates carrying all the sewers which have emptied into the Charles above Craigie Bridge into the intercepting sewers, and the total expense of the project will be very great. On the corner opposite the Eye and Ear Infirmary stands the County Jail, generally known as the Charles Street Jail. Walking now along Charles Street to the south, one comes to Cambridge Street. At its junction begins the new Cambridge Bridge, begun in 1900 and not yet completed. It is to take the place of the old West Boston Bridge. It is constructed of steel arches, joining massive granite piers, and is by far the most 102 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION beautiful of the bridges which cross the Charles River. It is 105 feet wide, and will carry elevated and surface tracks, besides roadways and sidewalks. The total cost is to be $2,500,000. On the southwesterly corner of Charles and Cambridge streets stands the old building of the Eye and Ear Infirmary, now an unsightly structure. Next to it, in fact adjoining it, on Charles Street, No. 164, is the house which was occupied by Aim j^v f ,1 = NEW CAMBRIDGE BRIDGE Oliver Wendell Holmes from 1859 to 1871. It was here that he wrote his "Professor at the Breakfast-Table," "Elsie Venner," "The Guardian Angel," and a number of his best poems. No. 148 is of unusual interest. It was the home of James T. Fields, the publisher, who lived there until his death in 1881. It is now occupied by his widow and Sarah Orne Jew- ett. The house once opened its doors to Thackeray and Dick- ens, and their famous contemporaries. The library is one of the richest in this country in original manuscripts (includ- ing that of "The Scarlet Letter") and first editions. Rare portraits, engravings and autograph letters adorn its walls. No. 131 Charles Street deserves a word of comment, as from 1871 to 1881 it was the home of Thomas Bailey Aldrich, GUIDE TO BOSTON 103 and in these years he wrote many of his best books, and be- gan his editorship of the "Atlantic Monthly." Walking along Charles Street, one comes now, successively, to Revere, Pinckney, Mt. Vernon and Chestnut streets, which cross Charles Street and lead up to Beacon Hill on the one hand, and to the Charles River on the other hand. Revere and Pinckney streets, once fashionable in their day, are now mostly taken up with boarding-houses. It is worth one's while to wander up and down Mt. Vernon Street, as it retains, even to-day, much of the old-fashioned stateliness for which it was once famous. Here one may see many fine old residences, erected in the early part of the last century, of sumptuous design and eloquent of refined luxury. Near Charles Street one comes to Louisburg Square, connect- ing Mount Ver- non Street with Pinckney Street. This square re- calls in many ways a bit of old Lon- don, and is sup- posedly the site of Blackstone's Spring. The lat- ter point is in dis- pute, however, for there were many springs in this locality; but it is interesting to know that Boston's first settler, William Blackstone, had his orchard in this region, and that his homestead was not far off on the slope of the hill which faces Boston Common. The square is surrounded by fine dignified houses, of which No. 10 is note- worthy as having been the home of Louisa M. Alcott. At the upper corner of Pinckney Street and Louisburg Square is the "mother house" and chapel of the Sisters of St. Margaret (Protestant Episcopal), who conduct a private hospital occupying the houses at No. 2 Louisburg Square and LOUISBURG SQUARE and st. Margaret's hospital 104 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION No. 86 Mt. Vernon Street. This hospital was organized in 1882. Under their auspices there is also maintained St. Monicas Home, for the care of sick colored women. Until recently it was located at No. 45 Joy Street, but now occupies more attrac- tive quarters on Highland Street, Roxbury. The Sisters of St. Margaret also conducted until recently the Children s Island Sanitarium on Lowell Island in Salem Harbor. This is reached by boat from Marblehead. It was opened in 1886 through the generosity of Mr. F. H. Rindge of California. It is especially adapted for children with chronic diseases and those convales- cing from illness or surgical operations. Working-women seek- ing rest are also admitted as boarders. The hospital is now maintained under new management. This sisterhood also has supervision of the nursing at the Children's Hospital on Huntington Avenue. If one ascends Mt. Vernon Street to the top of the hill, he comes to the arch under the State House from which he started, but before this is reached; the visitor passes Walnut Street^ and is urged to go through this to Chestnut Street for the sake of seeing a quiet bit of old Boston. Chestnut Street^ down which one now descends, retains — perhaps more than any other street in this section — its old prestige. Flanked on either side by handsome old houses, many of them former homes of famous men, it offers a pleasing contrast to those portions of this section seen in the first part of our ramble. On Brimmer Street, at the foot of Mt. Vernon Street, is the Church of the Advent, one of the chief Protestant Epis- copal churches of the city. THE NORTH END THE North End, the aristocratic court end of colonial Boston, and rich in historic interest, is to-day wholly a foreign quarter of the city. Very few buildings of historic interest remain, and we can see only where they stood and try to imagine what they and their occupants were like. It is difficult now, surrounded by a motley crowd of jab- bering foreigners, to picture the days of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, when this locality was the social centre of the Puritan colony. Its location can best be understood by a study of the map of Boston as it was in early days before the filling-in of the surrounding waterways. Standing at the corner of Hanover and Washington streets, we see the former street running northeast to the harbor front, the way to Chelsea, called " Winnisimmet Ferry," the latter due north to the water's edge, and between the two a wedge-shaped area which comprises > most of the North End. Below Washington Street on Hanover is Union Street, and here are two historic sites. The Green Dragon Tavern, famous throughout the early history of the colony, was located just back of Union Street in an alley. Its site (now No. 82 Union Street) is marked by an effigy of a green dragon, set on a brown stone slab about halfway up the front wall of an old building. It was the chief meeting-place of the early patriots, where much "treason" was hatched. Its existence dates from 1680 until about the twenties of the nineteenth century, when the Green Dragon Lane was widened to form the present Union Street. A second site of interest, on the southwest corner of Union and Hanover streets, is Josiah Franklin s dwelling and chandlery shop, at " The Sign of the Blue Ball," where Benjamin Franklin lived as a boy and worked for his father as a candlemaker. This was removed in the widening of Hanover Street. A few steps up Union Street is Marshall's Lane, now known 106 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION as Marshall Street, one of Boston's curious short streets. From Marshall's Lane there is another small street, Creek Lane, now called Creek Square, which in early days led to the Mill Creek. Here, set into the base of a building, is a rough piece of granite, marked Boston Sto?ie, 1737, surmounted by a spherical stone. This stone served as a direction for the neighboring shops, and was the relic of a paint mill brought out from England about 1700 (see illustration, page 5). On the corner opposite is an an- cient building, where was the office of Ebenezer Hancock, de- puty paymaster in the Continental Army. From the left side of Hanover Street, just below Blackstone, is Salem Street, narrow and winding, and peopled almost en- tirely by Russian Jews. It was the aristocratic street of the early colonial days. At the corner of Still- man Street was the site of the first Baptist meeting- house, erected in 1679 on the border of the Mill Pond. The present First Baptist Church is located at the corner of Common- wealth Avenue and Clar- endon Street. The Baptists were a proscribed sect in the early days and severely persecuted, their meeting-house being closed and its windows and doors nailed up by order of the General Court. Farther down Salem Street is Prince Street (in part old Black Horse Lane), which was the direct way from the North End to the Charlestown Ferry, where now is the Charlestown Bridge. After the battle of Bunker Hill, many of the British Avounded were brought to Prince Street houses, which were converted into emergency hospitals. One of these houses, still standing, the Stoddard house, No. 130, at present an Italian tenement and butcher shop, is said to be the house in which Major Pitcairn RELIEF STATION OF THE BOSTON CITV HOSPITAL GUIDE TO BOSTON 107 died of his wounds. On the westerly corner of Prince and Mar- garet streets is the house where John Tileston lived, the popular master of the oldest North End school, the predecessor of the Eliot Grammar school in North Bennet Street. Farther down Prince Street is Christ Church, and in very- close proximity is Copp's Hill Burying-Ground. These, the chief historical landmarks of the North End, are dear to the hearts of all true Ameri- cans. Christ Church, known throughout our land as the church from whose steeple the lanterns were displayed as a signal to Paul Revere of the British movements, — "One if by land, and two if by sea," — faces Hull Street. It is the oldest church building in Bos- ton, having been erected in 1723. It was solidly built, its side walls being two and a half feet thick. There are four floors to the tower, and from the top one General Gage wit- nessed the battle of Bunker Hill and the burning of Charlestown. There are eight bells in the tower, brought over from Gloucester, England, in 1744, and these ring out the most melodious chimes in Boston to-day. The first spire was blown down in October, 1 805, but was rebuilt exactly as the original from a model by Bulfinch. On the front of the steeple is this inscription, cut into brown stone: "The original lanterns of Paul Revere displayed in the steeple of this church, April 18, 1775, warned the country of the Soule Art Co., Photo. CHRIST CHURCH 108 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION march of the British troops to Lexington and Concord." The in- terior of the church is but little altered. In front of the organ are figures of the cherubim. These, and the brass chandeliers, were captured from a French ship and presented to the church in 1758. The old prayer books are still in use, and the silver communion service includes several pieces presented by King George II in 1733. The clock below the rail has been in its place since 1746. The earliest monument to Washington, a bust by Houdon, is here. Beneath the tower are a few old tombs, in one of which the body of Major Pitcairn was temporarily laid. The sexton, living in an adjoining house, shows visitors over the church. Fee, twenty-five cents. To the south of the church, at the corner of Sheafe Street, was the home of Robert Newman, the sexton of Christ Church who hung the lanterns, and near by, on Sheafe Street, is the site of the birthplace of Rev. Samuel F. Smith, the author of "America." Directly opposite the church is Hull Street, named for John Hull, maker of pine-tree shillings. This street was cut through his pasture lands in 1701. The last relic of early days, an old house which stood edgewise to the street, the Gallop house, built in 1722, and Gage's staff headquarters during the battle of Bunker Hill, was torn down only a few months ago. Gallop's Island, in Boston Harbor, was named after the owner of this house, and is the site of the present quarantine hospi- tal of Boston. Copp's Hill Burying-Ground, on Hull Street, is one of the most interesting of the old cemeteries of the city. The North Burial-Ground, the earliest of four predecessors on this site, was established in 1660, at the same time as the Granary Burying-Ground. A visit here will well repay the visitor. The British soldiers took great pleasure in pistol practice in this burying-ground, and many of the gravestones show the effects of bullets. A few of the noted graves may be mentioned, — those of the three Mathers; Edmund Hartt, the builder of the frigate Constitution; Major Samuel Shaw, of revolutionary fame, and the Hutchinsons. The top of the hill, which was towards the w T aterside, has been levelled. It was from this GUIDE TO BOSTON 109 elevation that the shell was thrown which set fire to Charles- town. Leaving the burying-ground and crossing Salem Street, through Tileston, we come to Hanover again close by North Square. Although now a poor squalid Italian tenement district, the square was once the central point of the North End in its most aristocratic days, when shade trees and stately mansions were in evidence. A little low wooden house on North Street, off the square, is the only present reminder of the early years. It is the house marked as the home of Paul Revere, in which he lived from 1770 to 1800. This house was built soon after the great fire of 1676", on the site of Increase Mather's house, which was destroyed in this conflagration. In the upper windows of this house on the evening of the Boston Massacre, Paul Revere displayed "those awful pictures" which report says "struck the spectators with solemn silence, while their countenances were covered with a melancholy gloom." An effort is being made to preserve this house by purchase. On the north side of the square is the site of the Old North Church, destroyed by the British during the siege of Boston, and used by them for firewood. It was the second meeting- house of the Second Church in Boston, founded in 1649. The first edifice was burned in the fire of 1676. It was known as the "Church of the Mathers," because presided over successively by Increase, Cotton and Samuel, — father, son and grandson. Close to the church, in Garden Court Street, was the man- sion of Governor Thomas Hutchinson, — a stately colonial mansion on extensive grounds. Close to the Hutchinson estate was the Clark- Frankland mansion, well known through Edwin Lasseter Bynner's "Agnes Surriage." In the widening of the present street, about 1830, most of these houses were torn down. North Square was used by the British as a military headquarters throughout the siege of Boston, the officers en- joying the houses of the good Bostonians, while barracks were erected for the soldiers. To return to Hanover Street again we come to Battery Street, and through this to Commercial Street and its continu- 110 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION ation southward, Atlantic Avenue. Here were located ship- yards, extending well along the water-front, even to the foot of Copp's Hill. Famous ships were launched from these yards, — the pride of the navy, "Old Ironsides," the frigate Boston and the brig Argus. Present Constitution Wharf marked the site of Hartt's Shipbuilding Yard, where the Constitution ("Old Ironsides") was built. Before we leave this interesting locality, so fragrant with memories of the early days, we must consider the Boston Float- ing Hospital. This hospital cares for sick infants and young children during the summer months, and has a day and also a permanent service. Parents or older children may accompany an infant. The work started in 1894 from the efforts of the Rev. Rufus B. Tobey. It is the > second floating hospital in this country, New York having the first. The boat, with its load of sick in- fants and anxious parents, leaves City Wharf every ■BBBBRBk-' " . . morning at nine, and boston floating hospital steams out into the lower harbor and bay. The poor, sick, air-starved babies feel the strengthening breezes of the bay, color returns, digestion im- proves with appetite, and on leaving the boat at 5 p.m., mother and infant are equipped with a fresh start against the evil forces of the city's summer night. The very sick babies are kept permanently, the boat tying up at Pickert's Wharf, in East Boston, for the nights and Sundays. A new boat is to be in commission this summer. It is 170 feet in length, and 4-6J feet beam, and has four decks. The lowest deck is for machinery, including a refrigerating and ven- tilating plant, and apparatus to reduce the moisture in the air to a relative humidity of 50°. The next deck is for the dining-rooms and staterooms. The main deck is the permanent hospital deck, and the upper deck will accommodate 200 day-patients. The re- cord of patients cared for in the summer of 1905 was: perma- GUIDE TO BOSTON 111 nent patients, 279; day patients (new cases), 686, — total num- ber of patients on all trips, 2,374. Harbor Hospitals Quarantine. With the salt sea-breezes in our nostrils, and a de- sire to become acquainted with some of our medical institu- tions, let us board the good boat Monitor at Eastern Ave- nue Wharf at 2.15 p.m., and steam about the harbor. As we pick our way among the ferryboats and saucy, busily puffing tugs, avoiding here and there a mighty leviathan of the deep, or many-masted vessel for the coasting trade, or trim fishing- schooner out of Gloucester, smothered under a cloud of can- vas, we may see our city from the waterside, and with the story of its early days fresh in our minds, marvel at the won- ders wrought by Father Time in producing from the peaceful water-surrounded Shawmutt the present great metropolis of New England, our Boston. The many dredging-machines noticed are engaged under an act of Congress in widening and deepening the channel, to ac- commodate the great vessels engaged in our growing commerce. Our first stopping-place is Deer Island, where is located the House of Correction, enclosing within its grim walls a colony of some fifteen hundred more or less lawless people, male and female. The adjoining hospital of one hundred beds gives ample and skilled service to the prisoners. The same hospital curi- ously serves as a detention hospital for observation as to the mental condition of unfortunates not necessarily prisoners. During the past year 372 patients were detained for such ob- servation. Farther down the harbor, near the great Boston Light, is the Quarantine Hospital, on Gallop's Island. The Port Physician has his headquarters here, and the buildings scat- tered over the island are for those afflicted with contagious diseases found aboard vessels entering the harbor. One hundred and eleven such cases were quarantined here last year, includ- ing three lepers. During the year 86,525 people were examined aboard incoming craft, and thirty-six vessels were disinfected. Returning towards the city by the southerly side of the har- 112 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION bor, we come to Long Island, with its hospital and almshouse under the management of the Pauper Institutions Department. The hospital supports 265 beds, caring mostly for chronic and incurable diseases. A bar to its best efficiency is, that every ap- plicant for admission must, at least technically, become a pauper. An important service to the community as well as to the patients is rendered by the efficient care of cases of tubercu- losis, incipient and advanced. During the year some 277 pa- tients with pulmonary tuberculosis were treated here with most gratifying results. Our last stop is at Rainsford Island. Here is the House of Re- formation, with its hospital for the sick children of the settle- ment. During the past year 453 children were treated, 178 be- ing classed as hospital patients. All these institutions have resident physicians or house offi- cers, and in addition a visiting staff made up from among the leading physicians of Boston. If time serves, the captain of our steamer may land us at Moon Island, where are situated the storage basins and the outfall of the great southern intercepting sewer of the Metro- politan Sewerage System. This sewer drains the valleys of the Charles and Neponset rivers; the northern sewer, serving the towns of the Mystic valley, discharges at Deer Island. The southern sewer was begun in 1876, and has a finely appointed pumping station, at the Cow Pasture Point in Dorchester, that will well repay a visit. Once more we board the Monitor, and arrive at the Eastern Avenue Wharf at 5.20 p. m., just as the sun is bathing in golden light the western half of the Gilded Dome. CHARLESTOWN CHARLESTOWN is most easily and speedily reached by the "L" trains running to Sullivan Square. After leaving the North Station (see North End) the trains cross the new Charlestown Bridge, which was completed in 1900 by the City of Boston, costing $1,400,000. Across the stream, in Charlestown, to the right, may be seen the docks of several lines of trans- Atlantic steamers. The few points of interest worth seeing in Charlestown can be easily reached by walking from the Thompson Square sta- tion of the Elevated Railroad. Harvard men may be interested to visit the old burying-ground on Phipps Street near by. In this cemetery is a monument to Harvard's founder, John Har- vard, erected by several of the alumni in 1828. On Main Street, near Thompson Square, is the house in which Morse, the in- ventor of the electric telegraph, was born in 1791- Walking back to City Square one finds himself in the part which was first settled in 1629. On the west side of the square stood the governor's house, where in 1630 the Court of As- sistants decided on the name of the adjacent town of Boston. On the slope of the hill rising behind the present Public Library, in early days called Town Hill, was the lot owned by John Harvard, and on it stood his house near where Main Street now begins. At the foot of the hill, at the northern end of the square, there once existed a cemetery, and here it is supposed was John Harvard's grave, but all trace of it has been lost. One now goes down Water Street to the corner of Wapping, where stands the main entrance to the Charlestown Navy Yard. Visitors are admitted daily by passes obtained at the main gate. The Navy Yard, ninety acres in extent, occupies Moulton's Point, where the British troops landed before the battle of Bunker Hill. The Yard contains many features of interest, — among them the famous old Constitution, the receiving-ship Wabash, a large 114 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION N. L. Stebbins, Photo. THE CONSTITUTION rope-walk, a naval museum, the old granite dry dock and the fine new concrete diy dock completed August 1, 1905, at an expense of over a million dollars. It took six years to build it; it is 700 feet long and 1 44 feet wide, and can accommodate the largest vessel afloat. Marines are in readiness to explain the differ- ent sights, and the visitor is made to feel quite free to wander at will. On leaving the Navy Yard, Bunker Hill Monument will be the next objective point, and is by far the most worth while of the city's sights. The monu- ment stands on Breed's Hill, where the great battle was fought. It is reached by returning to City Square and walking along Main Street until one comes to Monument Avenue, which leads to the main entrance of the grounds. A bronze statue of Colonel William Prescott attracts imme- diate attention. It stands about on the site where the gallant leader stood at the opening of the battle. The monument itself occupies the site of a corner of the American fortifications. It is built of Quincy granite brought from a quarry in the town of that name by the first railroad laid in this country. The monument is 221 feet high, and SO feet square at the base. It was begun in 1825, the corner-stone being laid with great ceremony by Lafayette, while Daniel Webster delivered the oration. After a period of idleness covering nearly twenty years, the efforts of public- spirited American women raised funds with which the work could be carried on. The monument was completed in 1842, and at its dedication on June 17, 1843, Webster delivered another oration. A spiral flight of 295 stone N. L. Stebbins, Photo. NEW DRY DOCK CHARLESTOWN NAVY YARD GUIDE TO BOSTON 115 steps leads to the top of the structure, whence from the ob- servatory a grand and far- reaching view is obtained. Bunker Hill itself is north of Breed's Hill, near where the Elevated Railroad ends, and its summit is called Charlestown Heights. The United States Naval Hospital is in Chelsea, just be- yond the Charlestown Bridge. It is connected with the Navy Yard and affords care and medical treatment to sick and disabled men of the naval ser- vice. It has one hundred beds. Visitors are welcome. The United States Marine Hospital (1798) is on High Street in Chelsea. It is reached by electric cars or the Chelsea Ferry. It furnishes medical and surgical relief to the sick and disabled of the American mer- cantile marine. It has one hundred and fifty beds and an out- patient service. Visiting days, Tuesdays and Fridays. BUNKER HILL MONUMENT EAST BOSTON EAST BOSTON, across the Harbor, comprising two islands, — Noddle's and Breed's, — is a place of docks and factories. It was once famous for its shipyards, where the fleet clipper-ships were built. Many of the trans- Atlantic steamship lines have their wharves here. On Camp Hill is the site of the house of Samuel Maverick, the earliest settler, and later the site of a fort. East Boston is reached most conveniently by the New Tun- nel, which is entered at Scollay Square, and extends under Court and State streets. Where it crosses Atlantic Avenue there is a station which has elevators to take passengers to the Elevated Railway. Under the harbor the top of the lowest part of the tunnel is sixty feet below mean low-water mark, and the tunnel is nearly level. It has walls of concrete, and is 23 feet wide and 20^ feet high, and carries two electric rail- way tracks. The total length of the tunnel, from Scollay Square to Maverick Square in East Boston, is 7,500 feet. SOUTH BOSTON SOUTH BOSTON is a large residential section, and is also a place of docks and factories. The extensive Commonwealth Docks on the harbor side are well worth inspecting, as also Lawley's Shipyard, where noted yachts are built. On Dorchester Heights is a monument commemorating the ■:■■ 1 i I 1 i 1 1 3 i ; § i § ill. § 1 1 in if: 3 1 3 i , 35 WP ' 5 - PERKINS INSTITUTION FOR THE BLTND erection of the American fortifications which forced the British to evacuate Boston, March 17, 1776. Beautifully situated on the hill is the Perkins Institution for the Blind, founded by Samuel G. Howe in 1829. Not far away on the Heights, commanding an extensive view of the harbor and city, is the Carney Hospital. It was founded in 1863 through the generosity of Andrew Carney, who not only gave the land, but an endowment of $75,000. It is managed by the Catholic Sisters of Charity, St. Vincent de Paul. During the siege of Boston, Washington planted his cannon on this very spot. The hospital supports two hundred beds, with services 118 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION for surgery, gynecology, medicine, ophthalmology and ortho- pedics. The gynecological department, with its separate wards and operating room, has always been a strong branch of the hos- pital. There is an ex- Jt tensive out-patient department, well 1 1 housed in a new H teg building, in which I were treated last I year 1 6,1 69 pa- tients. It was in B5B this hospital that i the late Dr. John Homans first de- § monstrated to the CARNEY HOSPITAL 1 profession in New England the pos- Jfljl sibility of operating 2 successfully upon ovarian tumors. At the harbor end of the district is Marine Park of the Boston public park system, a favorite recreation ground in summer. Here is a beautiful boulevard on the water's edge. A long bridge connects Fort Independence (a disused government for- tification ceded to the city for park purposes) with the boule- vard, and from here the parkway extends along Columbia Road to Franklin Park and the Blue Hills. The statue facing the har- bor is of Admiral Farragut. At the foot of L Street is a public bath, open the year round. Crowded in the hot days with men and bo}^s enjoying the pleasures of a swim, it is used by a few hardy men during our coldest days. Photographs exist showing one foolish man swimming among the floating ice cakes. DORCHESTER RUNNING southeast from the Dudley Street Terminal of the Boston Elevated Railroad, we proceed to Dor- ^ Chester, along Dudley Street. We must take notice in passing of the buildings of the Little Sisters of the Poor, at the beginning of Blue Hill Avenue, where once was the home of Enoch Bartlett, famous for his Bartlett pears. Dorchester is a place of homes. It was the largest town in New England in 1634, and was annexed to Boston in 1838. Its inhabitants were the first on the New England coast to es- tablish fisheries. Two sites are worth mentioning, — Meeting- House Hilly which has had a church on its summit since 1631, and the Old Burying- Ground at the cornerof Stough- ton Street and Columbia Road. Richard Mather, the founder of the Mather family, lies buried here, and William Stoughton, —-.. the chief justice of the Salem witchcraft trials. Another in- teresting landmark, really in Dr. m. d. Miihr, photo. Roxbury, but close to Dorches- first parish church . . . i <.,„ i. MEETING-HOUSE HILL ter, is at the corner of Washing- ton and Eustis Streets — the Eliot Burying-Ground, where are the tombs of the Dudleys and John Eliot. It is open Saturday and Sunday afternoons. Before leaving Dorchester mention must be made of the medical institutions. On Dorchester Avenue, near the Milton line, is the Boston Home for Incurables, founded in 1882. It is a private institution of fifty beds, devoted to the care of the poor afflicted with incurable diseases. On Quincy Street is an- other hospital for advanced consumptives, — the Free Home for 1?> f^- _J«*« . ml I I * i! 8i: 120 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION Consumptives, established in 1892, and supporting thirty beds. On Cushing Avenue is St. Marys Infant Asylum and Lying-in Hospital, organized in 1874 by the Sisters of Charity, St. Vincent de Paul. The hospital has forty beds. ROXBURY THE Roxbury District, full of interest historically, is now, as in earlier years, a place of residences. In 1630 a band of settlers coming over with Winthrop took up their abode here, settling near the present Eliot Square. It was called Rocksbury or Rocksborough, from the great ledge of rocks running through it, the so-called Roxbury pudding-stone. One recalls the legend of the giant, familiar to the children of Boston, through Dr. Holmes's poem: He brought them a pudding stuffed with plums, As big as the State House dome; Quoth he, ee There's something for you to eat, So stop your mouths with your 'lection treat, And wait till your dad comes home." What are those lone ones doing now, The wife and the children sad? 0, they are in a terrible rout, Screaming and throwing their pudding about, Acting as they were mad. They flung it over to Roxbury hills, They flung it over the plain, And all over Milton and Dorchester, too, Great lumps of pudding the giants threw, They tumbled as thick as rain. Giant and mammoth have passed away, For ages have floated by; The suet is hard as a marrow bone, And every plum is turned to a stone, But there the puddings lie. In 1631 came John Eliot. The early settlers were of good stock, educated and able. On the hill known as Meeting-House Hill, now Eliot Square, was erected in 1632 the first meeting-house. Its roof was thatched and the walls unplastered; there were no pews or spire, but about it centred the life of the village. 122 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION By law the settlers were compelled to live within one half mile of the church for protection against the Indians. For sixty years John Eliot preached here. On the north side of the square is still standing the parsonage built by the Rev. Olin Peabody in 1750. Here was Town Street, now Roxbury Street. An interesting landmark is St. Lukes Home for Convalescents, at No. 149; occupying a house over one hundred years old. This Home, established in 1872, is a charity supported by the Epis- copal churches of Boston. It gives shelter to women in a convalescent stage, and can accommodate twenty-six pa- tients. A board of visiting phy- sicians look out for the medical needs of the inmates. On the south side of the square is the Norfolk House, at one time a noted hotel, and south of this is the site of the Roxbury High Fort of revolu- tionary interest. Here is now a landmark in the nature of a tall water tower, or "Stand Pipe," painted white, built in 1869. On the westerly side of the square, near Centre Street, is the Parting Stone, marked The Parting Stone, 171^, P. Dudley. This stone marked the way in one direction to Cambridge and Watertown, and in the other to Dedham and Rhode Island. Taking the road to the west, toward Brookline, over what is now Mission Hill, we pass the Mission Church, built by the Redemptorist Fathers in 1869- Farther on is Huntington Ave- nue, and here is a large group of buildings, — the House of the Good Shepherd, a Catholic institution for wayward girls and women. Opposite this is Parker Hill, or "Great Hill," as it was called, from the summit of which one obtains a glorious view Dr. M. D. Miller, Photo. PARTING STONE, ROXBURY GUIDE TO BOSTON 123 of Boston and the harbor. On the top of the hill lived the worthy John Parker. There are two semi-public hospitals located at present upon the hill, — the Women s Charity Club Hospital, of twenty-eight beds, and, nearer the summit, the New England Baptist Hospi- tal, of twenty-seven beds and seven tents. In the restful quiet of the hill, yet so near the busy city, the patients enjoy the ad- vantages of both country and city. Just beyond, in a large va- cant estate, is the Day Hospital for Consumptives, managed by the Boston Association for the Relief and Control of Tuberculo- sis. In the warm weather patients come from the city, mounting the hill in carriages, and enjoy the cool dustless breezes and generous diet provided. The experience of its first year has de- monstrated its worth. This leads us to consider the Provisions for Tuberculosis in Boston and Massachusetts The Boston Association for the Relief and Control of Tubercu- losis has rooms at No. 8 Beacon Street. It is a voluntary associa- tion of physicians and laymen devoting its energies to the edu- cation of the public as to the character of tuberculosis, by means of lectures, leaflets, and exhibits. It also maintains a nurse, who visits among the consumptive poor, instructing them in pro- phylactic measures. It agitates for segregation of consumption in institutions and for increased provision for early and ad- vanced cases. The Boston Board of Health, Old Court House, Court Square, makes free bacteriological examinations of sputum, requires that tuberculosis be reported by attending physicians, makes sanitary inspection of the home when a case is reported, com- pels hospital care if conditions are bad in the home, and disin- fects after a death or removal. The Massachusetts State Sanatorium, Rutland, Massachusetts, is fifty miles from Boston, on the Boston and Maine Railroad; station Muschopauge. The sanatorium was opened in 1898, be- ing the first state institution of its kind in America. Its capacity is 365 patients. The medical staff consists of two visiting physi- cians from Boston and three resident assistants. Patients in 124 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION the earliest stages of pulmonary tuberculosis are treated. The cost per patient per week in 1905 was $8.83, of which the pa- tient was required to pay $4. Hospitals for Advanced Consumptives. The City of Boston has appropriated $150,000 to begin the erection of a hospital for advanced consumptives, the trustees of this new department taking office May 1, 1906. Private charitable hospitals for the care of consumptives are as follows : the House of the Good Samaritan, corner of Francis and Binney streets, Longwood; the Free Home for Consumptives, No. 438 Quincy Street, Dorchester; the Cullis Home, Blue Hill Avenue, Dorchester; the Charming Home, No. 30 McLean Street, and the Sharon Sanatorium at Sharon. The insane are cared for at the Danvers Insane Hospital, at Danvers, the prisoners at Deer Island, Boston Harbor, and the paupers at the Almshouse and Hospital on Long Island, Boston Harbor, and the State Hospital at Tewksbury. At Tewksbury a separate hospital and two outdoor sleeping shacks accommo- dated 148 male consumptives in the winter of 1905-6. A build- ing for women is in process of erection. Separate Treatment of the Tuherculous among Public Dependents. The state is building a separate prison for consumptives in the town of Rutland. The Sharon Sanatorium for cases of incipient pulmonary dis- eases is at Sharon, Massachusetts, eighteen miles from Boston, on the Providence Division of the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad. Capacity, twenty-one beds. It was first opened for patients February 9, 1891^ and was founded by Dr. Vincent Y. Bowditch on the principles laid down in Germany by Brehmer at Goerbersdorf, and by Dettweiler at Falken- stein, and in America by Trudeau at Saranac Lake, New York. It was at first unique in that it lies at only about two hundred and fifty or three hundred feet above the sea-level, only twelve miles from the seacoast, and in the harsh, changeable climate of New England, which up to recent years has been considered most unfavorable for the treatment of such cases. It was the first institution of its kind in New England, and is intended for GUIDE TO BOSTON 125 women of very limited means who are in the early stages of pulmonary disease. A nominal price of five dollars a week, exclusive of laundry, is asked. The public supplies the deficit. The services of the medi- cal directors and medicines are given free of charge. The results of treatment have shown that tuberculosis can be cured near home in a large percentage of cases. The members of the Ameri- can Medical Association and their friends are cordially invited by the directors to visit the institution. The superintendent and the resident physician will be present to ex- plain the methods pursued at the sanatorium. To return to Eliot Square, and proceeding east, we come to the Dudley Street Termi- nal and Warren Street. Just back of the Peo- ple's Bank on the south side of the terminal, on Dudley Street, is the site of the home of I John Eliot, noted preacher for sixty years, §1| first missionary to the Indians, translator of E» the Bible into the Indian language, one of ^**t the founders of the Roxbury Free School, — "Tn zeal equal to St. Paul, in charity to St. Francis." Taking Warren Street south, the way to Braintree and Plymouth, we find some interesting landmarks. At War- ren Place, on a farm of seven acres, was the JOSEPH WARREN Warren homestead, built in 1720 by Joseph Warren, grand- father of General Joseph Warren. Troops were quartered here during the siege of Boston. On the site of the old homestead Dr. John C. Warren erected in 1846 a stone building as a per- petual memorial; and on June 17, 1904, a bronze statue in the square, the gift of the citizens, was dedicated to General Jo- seph Warren, — "Physician, Orator, Patriot, killed at Bunker Hill, June 17th, 1775." Close by, on Kearsarge Avenue, is the Roxbury Latin School, founded in 1645 as the Roxbury Free School. At the corner of Tolman Place and Warren Street stands the oldest house in Roxbury, built in 1683. Still farther south, past 126 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION Grove Hall, on the way to Franklin Park, is the Cullis Con- sumptive Home, established in 1871. This is a private hospital of forty beds for advanced consumptives. Franklin Park, just beyond, is our largest playground, a park of five hundred acres. Splendid woods, tennis courts, ball grounds, and an excellent golf course offer their varied attrac- tions to the visitor. Leading from Elm Hill across the park to- wards Milton and Plymouth was an old Indian trail. Near this point, on the hill, Ralph Waldo Emerson lived when he taught school in Roxbury. Near the edge of the park are two groups of buildings, Aus- tin and Pierce farms, making up the Boston Insane Hospital, with its separate departments for men (Pierce Farm) and for women (Austin Farm), on Walk Hill Street and Canterbury Street respectively. There are about ten thousand insane persons in the State of Massachusetts. They are under the control of the State Board of Insanity, made up of five members appointed by the Governor, two of them being physicians. Nearly all the insane, including the feeble-minded, the epileptic and the dipsomaniacs and in- ebriates, are cared for by the following fourteen state institu- tions, of which the Medfield Asylum is the largest, the addresses being given in case any of the members of the American Medi- cal Association wish to visit the hospitals: Worcester Insane Hospital (N. Y. C. & H. R. R. to Worcester); Taunton Insane Hospital (N. Y., N. H. & H. R. R. to Taunton); Northampton In- sane Hospital (Boston & Maine R. R. to Northampton); Hanvers Insane Hospital (Boston & Maine R. R. to Hathorne); West- borough Insane Hospital (N. Y., N. H. & H. R. R. to Talbot); Worcester Insane Asylum (same as Worcester Hospital); Medfield Insane Asylum (N. Y., N. H. & H. R. R. to Medfield Junction); State Colony for the Insane at Gardner (Boston & Maine R. R. to Gardner); Asylum Wards, State Hospital (Boston & Maine R. R. to Tewksbury); State Farm for Insane Criminals at Bridgewater (N. Y., N. H. & H. R. R.' to Titicut); Hospital for Dipsomaniacs and Inebriates (N. Y., N. H. & H. R. R. to Foxborough); Hospi- tal for Epileptics (N. Y. C. & H. R. R. to Palmer); Hospital Cot- GUIDE TO BOSTON 127 tages for Children (Boston & Maine R. R. to Baldwinville); and the School for the Feeble-Minded (Boston & Maine R. R. to Waverley). The Boston Insane Hospital (N. Y., N. H. & H. R. R. to Forest Hills, or Grove Hall electric cars) has a capacity of 660, and cares for the pauper insane, having a settlement within the limits of Boston. It is owned and managed by the city and par- tially supported by the State. Some 450 insane are boarded in almshouses or are in family care, and 215 are in nineteen li- censed private institutions, of which the McLean Hospital at Waverley (see page 97), a department of the Massachusetts General Hospital, and having a capacity of about two hundred, is the largest. Not far from the Boston Insane Hospital buildings is the beautiful Forest Hills Cemetery, with its crematory and chapel on Walk Hill Street, one of the two chief cemeteries of the city. Mt. Hope Cemetery and the Catholic Cemetery are in this neighborhood also. In the distance from Franklin Park are the Blue Hills, where are many attractive estates. Great Blue Hill, with its weather bureau observation house on top, is a popular climb. The Blue Hills were once the home of the deadly rattlesnake. Not far from Franklin Park, on the road to Boston, via Rox- bury Crossing, is seen the New England Hospital for Women and Children, incorporated in 1863. Its beginning was due very largely to the efforts of Marie Zakrewska. Its object was and is now: 1. To provide for women medical aid of competent physi- cians of their own sex. 2. To assist educated women in the prac- tical study of medicine. 3. To train nurses for the care of the sick. It is a large hospital of one hundred and twenty-five beds, vigorous and proud of its history. Its active medical staff is composed entirely of women physicians. Here was established in 1873 the first training school for nurses in America. JAMAICA PLAIN AND WEST ROXBURY SOUTHWEST of Roxbury, in what was West Roxbury, lies Jamaica Plain. Its early history is really that of Roxbury. We find in 1689 John Eliot giving seventy- five acres of land, "the income from which was to be used for the support of a school and a schoolmaster." The present Eliot School, on Eliot Street, commemorates this gift, and is de- voted to the giving of free instruction in wood-carving, car- pentering, needlework and drawing. On Centre Street, near Green, is a two-story cottage with painted roof and dormer windows, which was sold in 1740 to Benjamin Faneuil, nephew of old Peter Faneuil, and purchased in 1 802 by the distinguished Dr. John C. Warren. In 1828 it became the property of Samuel Goodrich, the author, who was the kindly, well beloved Peter Parley of our childhood days. At the corner of Centre and South streets is the old Greenough homestead, where lived five generations of Green- oughs. This house was the headquarters of General Nathaniel Greene during the siege of Boston. Near here stands the old milestone inscribed: "5 miles to Boston Town House, 1735. P. Dudley." Close by is Jamaica Po?id, once a source of water supply to Boston, now a feature in our chain of parks, and affording boat- ing in summer and skating in winter. Near the Forest Hills Station of the New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad is the magnificent Bussey estate, be- queathed to Harvard University for the purpose of furnishing "instruction in practical agriculture, useful and ornamental gardening, botany," &c. The Bussey Institution was built in 1871, and the beautiful Arnold Arboretum, containing over one hun- dred and sixty acres of hilly land, has been in process of de- velopment ever since. Here are in great profusion rare varieties of trees, shrubs and deciduous plants. In the Bussey Institution is a station of the Massachusetts State Board of Health, which had its origin as far back as 1 849, a GUIDE TO BOSTON 129 year of unusual sickness and mortality throughout the state. There had been much typhoid, dysentery and scarlet fever, and in addition cholera had carried off about twelve hundred of the population. The legislature authorized a commission to report upon the sanitary condition of the state, and the commission ad- vised the establishment of a "general board of health." The board was established twenty years later under the title of the State Board of Health, and was reorganized with enlarged powers in 1886. The State Board of Health now consists of seven members, three of whom are physicians. They are appointed for a term of seven years each. It has also a secretary, who is a trained physician of the highest standing, a consulting engineer, a chief engineer, a consulting chemist, a chemist, a pathologist and an analyst of food and drugs. The board has supervision of the sale of liquors, milk, ice, vinegar and food in general; of hospitals, nuisances, offensive trades, pollution of water supply; sewage and its disposal ; and it is authorized to publish the result of its investigation of adul- terated articles. It has on file at the State House a long list of conspicuous fraudulent preparations with a statement of the exact amount of their noxious ingredients. It manufactures and distributes antitoxin and vaccine lymph from its station at the Bussey Institution. On high wood-covered ground, overlooking the Arboretum, is the Faulkner Hospital, opened in 1903. It is the gift of George Faulkner and his wife Abby L. A. Faulkner, in mem- ory of their daughter Mary, for the good of the people of the old town of West Roxbury. There are twenty-eight beds de- voted to surgical, medical and obstetrical work. One other medical institution demands our attention before leaving Jamaica Plain, — the Adams Nervine Asylum on Centre Street, close by the Arboretum. Funds for its establishment were left in 1873 by the will of Seth Adams, late of Newton, "for the benefit of such indigent, debilitated, nervous people, who are not insane, inhabitants of the Commonwealth of Mas- sachusetts, as may be in need of the benefit of a curative in- ISO AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION stitution." There are rooms provided for thirty-six female pa- tients and thirteen male patients. On Chestnut Avenue, corner of Wyman Street, is located the Massachusetts Infant Asylum, whose object is to assist and provide for delicate and destitute infants. Children under eighteen months are admitted, and in caring for them "the true relation of parent and child" is carefully safeguarded. Most of the children are cared for in the home ; a few are boarded out in good families. About two hundred infants are treated annually. BROOKLINE BROOKLINE, or Muddy River as it was called, was used as a grazing place for swine and cattle in colonial times. Originally a part of Boston, in 1705 it was set apart as an independent town and has remained a town ever since. To this day the Brookline town meetings are famous for their lively and public-spirited discussions of matters of town government. It is a place of homes, many apartment houses and beautiful estates. The mere mention of some of the beautiful estates must suffice in this sketch, and the reader is assured that a trip around this town, the richest in the United States, will be well worth while. The Gardner, Sargent, Schlesinger, Winthrop, Lee, Lowell, Lyman, Brande- gee and Whitney places, and the Country Club, are some of the most noted. Not far from the Country Club, on Newton Street, is the Brookline Board of Health Hospital, comprising a group of mod- ern brick hospital buildings, caring for scarlet fever, diphtheria, tuberculosis and smallpox. Private patients from other cities are received here. At the western end of the town is the Chestnut Hill Re- servoir and pumping station, part of the Metropolitan Water Works. The two lakes of the reservoir, nestling at the base of the surrounding hills, make one of the most attractive bits of scenery about Boston. No city in America possesses so many attractive suburbs as does Boston. The Newtons, Wellesleys, Natick, Dedham, Weston, Milton, Mattapan, to the southwest, and Waltham, Medford, Winchester and Middlesex Fells, to the north, are easily accessible by trolley or automobile, and excursions are planned for our honored guests to enjoy the beauties of these towns. In every city and in almost every town about Boston one finds a hospital. Among the semi-private hospitals the Corey Hill Hospital, on the southwest slope of Corey Hill, in the 132 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION town of Brookline, is unique. It was built and equipped by a group of Boston physicians for the care of private patients, under conditions believed to be most conducive to their medi- cal and surgical welfare and a speedy convalescence. The money for construction and maintenance was subscribed by these men, by whom the entire stock is held and controlled. The modern fireproof building was opened in June, 1904, and ac- commodates about thirty patients. The beds are open to physi- cians of Boston and vicinity, irrespective of any stock-holdings, applications for rooms being made to an executive committee, or by the stockholders to the resident matron and superinten- dent. The patients remain under the direction of their individual physicians, and are cared for in their absence by the resident house doctor. Great emphasis is laid on sunshine and fresh air. The patients are encouraged to spend much of their time in the sun rooms, on the numerous balconies and on the broad first- floor verandas, to which the beds maybe rolled directly from the adjoining rooms. It is believed that this represents a successful attempt to supply the community with a perfectly equipped private hospital in a healthful situation, and attractive in its internal detail. There is a training school for nurses connected with the hos- pital, — the Massachusetts General, Waltham, Children's, New- ton and Adams Nervine schools sending a certain number of their nurses in the latter part of their third year of training. Special nursing is provided by a corps of carefully selected graduate nurses. Visitors are always welcome. The Free Hospital for Women is situated on Pond Avenue, opposite the Riverdale Park, in Brookline. This hospital, fash- ioned after the plan of the Woman's Hospital in the State of New York, was established in 1875 by Dr. W. H. Baker, and was first located on East Springfield Street, Boston. From this institution for twenty years came the teachings of Marion Sims and Thomas Addis Emmet to the medical profession of New England through the Professor of Gynecology in the Harvard GUIDE TO BOSTON 133 Medical School, the surgeon in chief to the hospital. The pre- sent building was erected in 1 895, and has an ultimate capa- FREE HOSPITAL FOR WOMEN city, when completely finished, of sixty beds. It is an incorpo- rated institution, being supported by an endowment fund and by the annual subscription of churches and charitable individ- uals. The object of the hospital is the surgical treatment of the diseases peculiar to women, and only the poor are admitted, all the beds being free. The hospital has in connection with it an out-patient department at No. 633 Massachusetts Avenue, Boston, where a large gynecological clinic is held morning, afternoon and evening. The number of patients treated in the hospital in 1905 was 353. In Newton is a large hospital of nearly one hundred beds, with a mixed staff of regular and homeopathic physicians and a training school for nurses. In Waltham is a hospital, interesting very largely because of the unique Waltham Training School for Nurses which is asso- ciated with it. A most comprehensive course of training is given to nurses, covering four years. A large part of the course in 134 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION training is devoted to nursing in private families among the poor, under careful supervision of physicians. This is the train- ing school which Dr. Alfred Worcester was instrumental in founding and with which he has been connected from the be- ginning. Waltham is the home of the American Waltham Watch Company, one of the largest watch factories in the world, where the famous Waltham watches are made, Over 3500 hands are employed, and the plant is soon to be doubled in size. CAMBRIDGE A CROSS the river from Boston proper is Cambridge, the / \ " University City/' joined to Boston by five bridges. ± m. The river here is wide, and at high tide presents a beautiful expanse of water. In process of construction is a dam to keep the river at a definite level and the water fresh. When completed in 1908, according to the present plans, it will give to Boston and Cambridge a large sheet of water of inestima- ble value from artistic, hygienic and pleasure-giving points of view. We first come to Cambridgeport, largely a manufac- turing district, and through this we proceed to Cambridge proper. Massachusetts Avenue is the main street, and passes the City Hall, the gift of Frederick H. Rindge. Just back of it, now marked by a tablet, was the headquarters of General Isaac Putnam during the siege of Boston. Near by, on Cambridge Street, is the Holy Ghost Hospital for Incurables. Established in 1894, it offers seventy-five beds for the care of incurables, — a splendid charity, and supported by private funds. Farther up Massachusetts Avenue, about twenty-five minutes' ride in the electric cars from the Sub way at Park Street, is Harvard Square, and the entrance to the College Yard, — the old College Yard, dear to all graduates, where glorious elms temper the sun's rays, and nod their welcome to the sturdy sons of fair Harvard. Across the yard , s 1 are old buildings, rich in traditions and hoary with age. Massachu- setts Hall dates back to 1720. Hollis, Harvard and Massachu- setts Halls were used as barracks N. L. Stebbins, Photo. HARVARD HALL AND JOHNSTON GATE 136 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION MEMORIAL HALL by the Continental Army during the Revolution. Be- tween Massachusetts and Harvard Halls is the main entrance to the yard, through the Johnston Gateway. This gate is in- scribed with the orders of the General Court, relat- ing to the establishment of the College in 1636. There are many buildings to inspect, — some beautiful from length of service, as Wadsworth House, 1726, once the head- quarters of General Washington ; others from an architectural point of view, all of them rich in traditions and associations, — the Harvard Union, the gift of Major Henry Lee Higginson and Henry Warren, the Phillips Brooks House, Hemenway Gym- nasium, Memorial Hall, Law School, the various museums and the great Stadium. On the Delta by Memorial Hall is the statue of John Harvard, whose gift of /..".,* '//■ ' ^ ,\ his library in 1636 made the real beginning of the College. Northwest of the College Yard lies Cambridge Common, and west of the common stands the famous Washington Elm, under which, as every school- boy knows, Washington first took command of the Continen- tal forces. Opposite the elm is Radcliffe College for women, a part of Harvard University, which had its beginning in 1879- The name Radcliffe is of some interest. In 1643 Lady Anne Moulton gave the first Souh Art Co., photo. scholarship to Harvard of JOHN HARVARD GUIDE TO BOSTON 137 <£100, and in grateful re- membrance of this, the women's department was named Radcliffe, Lady Anne's maiden name. Close by is Christ Church, built in 176*0 by Peter Harrison, who designed King's Chapel in Boston. A milestone near the fence reads, "Boston 8 miles, 1734." As the only road at that time to Boston led through Brighton and Rox- bury and across the Neck, now Washington Street, it was indeed eight miles. Farther down Harvard Square, at Dunster Street, is a tablet marking the site of the house of Stephen Daye, the printer of the first book printed in English North America, the "Bay Psalm Book," 1639; and still farther down Dunster Street, at the corner of South, is seen the tablet marking the site of the house of Thomas Dudley, the founder of Cambridge. Outside Harvard Square are many interesting and historic places. Soldiers Field, across the river, the gift of Major Henry THE WASHINGTON ELM THE STADIUM Lee Higginson to the University, in memory of his classmates who died in the Civil War, is the athletic field. The Stadium, 138 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION Dr. M. D. Miller, Photo. THE LONGFELLOW HOUSE built after the Greek model, is the gift of the Athletic Association and of the class of 79- Its total cost was $250,000. It encloses a field seven hundred and forty-eight %^ feet long and two hun- Z^p. dred and thirty feet wide. It is a steel frame filled in with Portland cement. Its seating capacity is 23,400. For the Harvard-Yale Football Game additional seats are added, with a grand stand at the east end, so that the seating accommodation is raised to 35,000. The graduates of both uni- versities, far and near, look forward to the Harvard- Yale game of football, and with their families arrive in Boston a day or two before the event. Proud mothers and comely, vivacious and enthusiastic daughters crowd our hotels and lend to our staid city an air of unwonted gaiety. The undergraduates are noisily in evidence. Picture this gay throng of our country's choicest seated in the beautiful Stadium, the air vibrant with cheers and the strains of martial songs, flags waving, hands clapping, as some mighty hero in crimson or blue, with ball tucked safely un- der arm, dashes down the field. It is a sight, an experience, to stir the blood of the dullest and thrill his innermost cerebral centres. South from Harvard Sq., and running west, is Brat- tle Street, the most beauti- ful street in Cambridge. On Brattle Street is the well-known Longfellow House, built in 1759 by John Vassall. It was Wash- ington's headquarters after leaving the Wadsworth House, and later became THE LOWE LI GUIDE TO BOSTON 139 the home of the poet Longfellow, and is at present occupied by his daughter, Miss Alice Longfellow. Some little distance up the street is Elmwood Avenue, which leads to Mt. Auburn Street, where is the beautifully situated home of James Russell Lowell. The Lowell house is also reached by Mt. Auburn Street. South of Brattle Street, and parallel to it, is Mt. Auburn Street, which for a short distance runs along the river's edge. On the left, overlooking the river and Soldiers' Field, is the Stillman Infirmary, belonging to the University. Each student taking courses in Cambridge is charged four dol- lars a year for the support of the Infirmary, and this entitles him to two weeks' free treatment. dTmTmS^pJT 1 The majority of stillman infirmary sick students use the Infirmary when necessary. Next to it are the buildings of the Cambridge Hospital. Still farther on, at the junction of Mt. Auburn Street and Brattle Street, is the beautiful and peace-inviting Mt. Auburn Cemetery, the resting- place of many distinguished dead. To wander along the beau- tiful walks of this cemetery is to meet the names of New Eng- land's most famous sons. The old chapel of the cemetery was converted into a most attractive and serviceable crematory in 1902. This is one of the two crematories of New England, the other being located at Forest Hills Cemetery. In 1905 there were four hundred and ten cremations at these two institutions. THE NORTH SHORE FOR many years the shores of Massachusetts Bay have been made use of as summer watering-places, both by the inhabitants of Boston and the surrounding towns, and by people from a distance who are in search of a glimpse of old ocean and refreshing sea-breezes. Many are the arguments as to the respective merits of the North and the South Shores. To the north are woods and rocks and cool breezes from off the water; to the south are sand, stronger winds and a more equable climate, where it is possible to sit on the piazza during the evenings unless, by chance, the wind fails and the tireless mosquito puts in an appearance. The North Shore extends from Cape Ann, where the city of Gloucester — the greatest fishing port on the coast — is nestled under the protection of Eastern Point, safe from the fury of Atlantic storms, up to the city's limits at Winthrop. Some of the most beautiful and elaborate estates in the world are to be found in Beverly Farms and Manchester, on the northerly shore of Salem Harbor. Here forest and ocean meet at sandy beach or rocky headland, and the wealthy Bos- tonian travels daily back and forth between his place of busi- ness and his home, in his steam yacht or in a special express train. Nearer to Boston are the more modest summer resorts of Marblehead,Swampscott,Lynn, Nahant, Revere and Winthrop. Starting for Marblehead, the scene of the Agnes Surriage romance, we take the train at the North Station, and select a seat on the right-hand side of the car, raising the window. Let our imagination carry us back to colonial times, before the days of the "iron horse." Sir Harry Frankland is speeding northward to meet his love: Make way! Sir Harry s coach and four, And liveried grooms that ride! They cross the ferry, touch the shore On Winnisimmef s side. GUIDE TO BOSTON 141 They hear the wash on Chelsea Beach, — The level marsh they pass, Where miles on miles the desert reach Is rough with bitter grass. The shining horses foam and pant, And now the smells begin Of fishy Swampscott, salt Nahant, And leather-scented Lynn. Next, on their left, the slender spires And glittering vanes, that crown The home of Salem s frugal sires, The old, witch-haunted town. Marblehead is a quaint old town, situated on the tip of the peninsula which forms the southern boundary of Salem Har- bor. It is a little over half an hour from Boston by the Boston & Maine Railroad. The town was settled in 1629. It has a fine, deep harbor, and from being an important fishing and trading port has become the chief yachting rendezvous on the Atlan- tic coast. During the Revolution, Marblehead furnished over twelve hundred men to the government service. Brigadier- General John Glover, one of the bravest and most distin- guished officers of the Revolution, who died in 1797, is buried in the old cemetery on the hill overlooking Marblehead Har- bor. There is a statue of General Glover on Commonwealth Avenue in Boston. The streets of Marblehead are notorious for their crooked- ness. Apparently, every man built his house on this rocky promontory exactly where he pleased, without much reference to his neighbors, so that while one front door looks squarely upon the street, the next one will be at an angle of ninety degrees, and the third house will be entered from the rear. The oldest Episcopal Church in New England is St. Michael's (1714), a modest structure hidden away in a nest of wooden buildings, not a stone's throw from the electric cars, which pass through the centre of the town. The Colonel Jeremiah Lee mansion (1776), No. 169 Wash- ington Street, with its old colonial staircase, should be visited ; 142 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION ST. MICHAEL S CHURCH MARBLEHEAD also the birthplace of Elbridge Gerry (nearly opposite the North Church), a signer of the Declara- tion of Independence, Governor of Massachusetts and Vice-President of the United States. The well of the Fountain Inn, where began the romance of Agnes Surriage, cele- brated by Edwin Lasseter Bynner in a novel, and by Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes in, a poem, is to be seen at a point only a few steps from the terminus of the electric-car line. The Eastern Yacht Club, with ample accommodations for its members, has its house and landing stage on the Neck, and also the Corinthian Yacht Club. A steam ferry connects the mainland with the Neck and also a good road across the cause- way. On the town side of the harbor the Boston Yacht Club has a house and wharf. Both steam and electric cars connect Marblehead and Salem, some five miles apart. Salem, fourteen miles to the northeast of Boston, on the Bos- ton & Maine Railroad, was settled in 1626. From Salem came John Winthrop and his compan- ions to the founding of Boston. The town is noted for the perse- cution of the witches, and Gal- lows Hill, where nineteen witches were hanged, is one of the chief points of interest to the tourist. It is on Boston Street, and is ap- proached from Hanson Street. Witchcraft documents and relics may be seen in the brick Court House on Washington Street, fa- cing Federal Street. Salem was once the chief port of New Eng- land, and controlled all the East India trade. agnes surriage well GUIDE TO BOSTON 143 Nathaniel Hawthorne was born in Salem, and his birthplace on Union Street, No. 27, is still stand- ing. The house dates from before 1693, and belonged to Hawthorne's grandfather. The old Custom House, on Derby Street, is the one in which Haw- thorne served as surveyor of the port in 1 846-1 849- On the easterly 2 side of the building, on the second - floor, is the room in which his fancy Hawthorne's birthplace evolved the "Scarlet Letter," and in another room is preserved a stencil with which he marked inspected goods with " N. Haw- thorne." The Essex Institute, on Essex Street, w T here is a museum of historical objects, manuscripts and portraits, the largest collec- tion of its kind in the country, should be visited. Also the Pickering House, No. 18 Broad Street, built in 1649, the birthplace of Timothy Pickering, soldier and statesman of the Revolution and member of Washington's Cabinet. The oldest house now standing in Salem is the Roger Wil- liams, or Witch House, corner of Essex and North streets. It is said to have been the home of Roger Williams from 1635-6, and is called the witch house because of the tradition that some of the preliminary examinations of the accused persons were held in it. Revere Beach is a part of _ ^ the Metropolitan Park System, JllJr- of which Bostonians are justly proud. It is nearly three miles : I f 8 ^ I long and is bordered by a boulevard connecting it with the Middlesex Fells Parkway. Back of the boulevard are all of amusement enter- prises, including " Wonder- illll I ■ ■- Si sorts SALEM CUSTOM HOUSE 144 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION land/' Looping the Loop, the Steeplechase and Roller Coaster. There is a splendid State Bath-House here, which is man- aged under modern aseptic methods, and is open to the public. The beach is reached by a short trip over the Narrow Gauge or Boston, Revere Beach & Lynn Railroad, which skirts the shore all the way from East Boston. The station is at Rowe's Wharf: trains every fifteen minutes ; fare five cents. The beach may also be reached by trolley cars from Scollay Square or the Sullivan Square Terminal of the Elevated Railway. The Metropolitan Park System at the present time com- prises nearly ten thousand acres reserved for parks and twenty- four thousand miles of parkways, in thirteen cities and twenty- six towns of the Commonwealth. Some of these reservations are under the control of the cities and towns in which they lie, as in the case of Boston, whose Board of Park Commis- sioners has charge of Commonwealth Avenue, the Fens, Franklin Park, Marine Park and other city open spaces. The Metropolitan Park Commission controls fourteen reservations, including the Blue Hills, Middlesex Fells, Charles River, Ne- ponset River and Revere and Nantasket Beach Reservations. THE SOUTH SHORE THE South Shore includes the country from Quincy to Plymouth. Beyond Plymouth is the Cape, ex- tending to Provincetown. The resorts along the shore may be reached by water or by land, including steam roads and trolley. If we choose the land way, we must pass through Quincy, and this is most quickly reached by the New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad. There is considerable of historic interest in Quincy, since it is the birthplace, home and burial-place of two early presi- dents, — John Adams and his son, John Quincy Adams. In Bradford's diary of the Ply- mouth colony mention is made of one Thomas Mor- ton, who in 1627, expelled from the Plymouth Colony with his boisterous friends, settled at Mount Wollas- ton, a short distance north | of Quincy. Because of the merry revels he and his fol- \Tj lowers had there they named it "Merry Mount." The Quincy quarries are still worked, and furnish a birthplace of john adams very good granite. Here was built the first railway in America, in 1827, to carry the granite from the quarries to tide water. A portion of the original roadbed, with the iron-capped granite rails and a stone tablet, may be seen at the crossing of the Braintree branch of the New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad by Squantum Street, near the East Milton station. Opposite the Quincy railroad station is a solidly built granite church, the First Parish Church (Unitarian). This was built in 1828, to carry out certain provisions in the will of John Adams. He left granite quarries to the town, and ordered a "temple " to 146 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION be built to receive his remains. In the basements are the tombs of the two presidents and their wives. The sexton shows these for a small fee. In the old burial-ground near at hand are the graves of the very early inhabitants : of John Hancock, father of the signer of the Declaration of Independence, of several of the Adams family and of the Quincys. The Adams Academy, a preparatory school for college, was founded by President John Adams. On the road toward Braintree, at the corner of Indepen- dence Street and Franklin Avenue, are two very old houses, belonging now to the Quincy Historical Society, the gift of Charles Francis Adams. The smaller house, the older of the two, is the birthplace of John Adams, the other that of his son, John Quincy Adams. In later years the Adamses lived on Adams St., the road to East Mil- ton, a beautiful thorough- fare. The Adams mansion was the home of President John Adams from 1787 until his death, and here the President celebrated his golden wedding. In it were married his son, President John Quincy Adams, and his grandson, Charles Francis Adams, United States minister to England. It is still occu- pied by descendants of the Adams family. On Hancock Street, facing Bridge Street, is the old Quincy Mansion, known to us through Oliver Wendell Holmes's poem, " Dorothy Q." The poet's mother was a granddaughter of "Dorothy Q." Beyond Quincy, the way lies through a beautiful country, and some of the many towns are worth more than mere men- tion. The Weymouths contain some large estates, and in ad- dition the Fore River Works, where are building several ships Soule Art Co., Photo. DOROTHY QUINCY HOUSE GUIDE TO BOSTON 147 for the navy. Here was built the largest schooner afloat, the Thomas W. Lawson, a seven-masted steel schooner. Hingham is one of the oldest and loveliest towns on the South Shore, with its main broad avenue bordered by superb elms. It was the home of Dr. Ezekiel Hersey, the founder of the Harvard Medical School. Nantasket Beach is beyond Hingham, and extends towards the entrance of Boston Harbor. It is a long broad beach with fine sand, and facing the open ocean. It is a part of our Metropoli- tan Park System, and furnishes an ideal beach for the children, and with the steamboat connection with Boston is a favorite resort for adults. The bathing here is excellent, although the water is cold, and if the surf is high may produce a dangerous undertow. The State Bath-House is well kept, and furnishes adequate supplies for bathers. The beach is reached either by steamer from Rowe's Wharf, or by train from the South Station : about an hour by boat, and the same by train. From the beach along the shore south, towards Cohasset, is the Jerusalem Road, affording a magnificent drive by the ocean. Looking off to sea a granite lighthouse is seen rising straight out of the water. This is Minot's Light, a light of the first class, built on a ledge submerged at high tide, and in the pathway of steamers rounding Cape Cod. Visitors may reach the lighthouse by rowboats from Cohasset, and be hoisted in a basket to the door in the wall. Beyond Cohasset is Scituate, a popular summer resort. "The Old Oaken Bucket," a song dear to us all, was written here by Samuel Woodworth. Egypt is of interest as being the country seat of Mr. Thomas W. Lawson. This is a truly magnificent estate, occupying old marsh and stone-covered ground. The stables, well stocked with thoroughbreds, the barns, filled with "blue ribbon" cattle, the kennels, gardens, race track and deer park are gladly shown to visitors on receiving a pass, most generously given. Rambler rosebushes cover the white fences lining the miles of private road, and a more beautiful sight cannot be enjoyed than these rosebushes in full bloom. 148 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION Coming to Marshfield we may see the country home of Daniel Webster, and his tomb with the epitaph dictated by Webster himself. We are now in close proximity to the old Plymouth settlement, and find many interesting historical landmarks. In Duxbury are the supposed burial-places of Myles Standish and of Elder Brewster and the Aldens. Plymouth is reached by train from the South Station. W T hen the reader visits this ancient town, the first perma- nent settlement in New England, let him reverently honor those who in 1620 landed here and fought a desperate but winning fight against disease, great privations and hardships, that they might worship God according to their own beliefs. The Bradford Manuscript, on exhibition in the State Library at the State House in Boston, gives a detailed and graphic ac- count of the early years of the settlement. Copies of this have been made, and may be purchased for a dollar. Close to the water's edge by Pilgrim Wharf is the famous Plymouth Rock, protected by a granite canopy. In the canopy are the re- mains of some of the set- tlers who died during the first winter of the colony' s existence. Towards the centre of the town is Pil- grim Hall, the repository of the Pilgrim antiquities. Here are the Elder Brewster and Governor Carver chairs, the Peregrine W T hite cradle, the sword of Myles Standish, and many other objects of interest. Across the street is the County Court House, where the original records, deeds and wills of the Pil- grims are preserved, and can be seen. The small park overlooking the harbor is on Cole's Hill, and marks the site of the first houses. Here, too, were buried in unmarked graves those who died during that first awful winter. Here are the very words of Bradford, written in 1620: " But that which was most sadd and lamentable was, that PLYMOUTH ROCK GUIDE TO BOSTON 149 in 2 or 3 months time halfe of their company dyed, espetialy in Jan. and February, being ye depth of winter, and wanting houses and other comforts; being infected with ye scurvie and other diseases, which this long viooge and their inacomodate condition had brought upon them : so as there dyed some times 2 or 3 of a daye in ye foresaid time: that of 100 and odd per- sons scarce 50 remained." In the quaint spelling of the time, he describes how the six or seven well and sound persons administered unto the sick, "spared no pains, night or day, but with abundance of toyle and hazard of their own health, fetched them woode, made them fires, drest them meat, made their beads, washed their lothsome cloaths, cloathed and uncloathed them. — Tow of these 7 were Mr. William Brewster, their reverend elder, and Myles Standish, their captain and military comander. — And I doute not but their recompence is with ye Lord." Leyden Street leads to Burial Hill, where are many graves of the early settlers, among them those of Governor Bradford and John Howland. Here were the first forts for protection against the Indians. South of Burial Hill is Watson's Hill, where, in March of 1620, the Indian Samoset "came loudly amongst them, and spoke to them in broken English, which they could well understand, but marvelled at it." A few days later he ap- peared again with Squanto and the great Sachem Massasoit, and from this meeting resulted a compact of peace which Bradford mentions as existing twenty-four years later. At the extreme north of the town is the National Monument to the forefathers, built on a hill, commanding a fine view of the harbor and town. Beyond Plymouth are the cape towns, well known summer resorts. At the end of Cape Cod is Provincetown, prominent as Gloucester in the fishing industries of Massachusetts. It is a quaint old town, with a large Portuguese settlement. Towards the ocean side are the great sand dunes, Highland Light, and numerous life-saving stations. The waters of the cape are very dangerous, with strong currents and many sand shoals, lashed by frequent gales. The trip to Provincetown and return is best made by steamer, a most delightful sail in good weather. LEXINGTON AND CONCORD LEXINGTON is twelve miles from Boston on the Boston & Maine Railroad, and divides with Concord the ^ honors of the opening scene of the Revolution. April 19/1775; the British marched to destroy the military stores gathered by the American forces at Concord. They passed through Arlington and East Lexington, where there are several interesting tablets commemorating events of the day, and en- tered Lexington, to meet their first resistance. Now a town of four thousand inhabitants, in 1775 not more than eight hundred people lived here. At least ten of the houses in existence then still survive, and are marked by tablets. The interest in Lexington centres round the Common, where the plucky minute- men took their stand against more than eight times their number. A boulder, marking the line of battle, is inscribed with Captain Parker's instruc- tion to his men: "Stand your ground. Don't fire unless fired upon; but if they mean to have a war, let it begin here." Not far off is the Buck- man Tavern, where the minute-men gathered on the morning of the bat- tle, and farther south, on a little hill, is the belfry in which hung the bell that summoned them. At the east end of the Common stands a beautiful STATUE OF CAPTAIN JOHN PARKER GUIDE TO BOSTON 151 statue of Captain John Parker, by Kitson, one of the most sat- isfactory of the monuments about Boston. In 1 799 there was erected on the west side of the Common a granite memorial to the men killed in the battle of Lexing- ton. Their bodies lie in a tomb at its base. Across the street and behind the church, one finds the old burying-ground of the town. Another place of great interest is the Hancock-Clark ' " , - house on Hancock Street, where Samuel Adams and John Hancock were sleep- ing when roused by Paul Revere. This house con- tains nearly all the rich collection of the Lexing- ton Historical Society. Other interesting places in Lexington are marked by tablets with historical data, and on the road to Concord, which the British travelled, there are two or three other places of in- terest. Entering Concord, and passing for the time the literary landmarks, one comes to Monument Sq., n. l. stebbim, Photo. a short distance from the Boston and Maine Rail- road station. Just before it is reached, one sees the Wright Tavern, built in 1747. Here the British commander, Major Pitcairn, as he stirred his brandy, boasted he would stir the blood of the Yankee rebels. From the hill nearly opposite, Pitcairn watched the battle at the bridge. From the Square, a sign points the way up Monument Street MINUTE-MAN, CONCORD By the rude bridge that arched the flood., Their flag to April's breeze unfurled, Here once the embattled farmers stood, And fired the shot heard round the world. 152 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION to the Battle-Ground. Turning into a lane, with dark pines on either side, one comes to the monument which marks the site of the conflict. The setting is particularly impressive, and as he crosses "the rude bridge that arched the flood/' looks at French's statue of the brave young minute-man, and reads the inscription on the monument, no American can fail to be moved. Following the retreat of the British a mile or so on the Lex- ington road, to Merriam's Corners, one sees the place where the enemy were attacked by the farmers and townspeople, and fled in confusion. Concord is rich in literary associations. Ralph Waldo Emerson lived here for many years, and died here. Nathaniel Hawthorne, Henry Thoreau, the Alcotts and the Hoar family all lived here. Frank B. Sanborn, antislavery man and author, still lives in the town. Starting again from the Common and going up Lexington road, one sees first the beautiful Unitarian Church, built on the same lines as the former church, which was destroyed by fire a few years ago. In a still older church, on the same site, the Provincial Congress met in 1774. wright tavern Across the street, a little way be- yond, is the house of the Concord Antiquarian Society, and far- ther on the right is Ralph Waldo Emerson s house, still occupied by his daughter. About a half mile farther, on the left, is a brown house with a curious building on one side. This is the "Orchard House," one of the homes of the Alcotts, and in the little build- ing the "Concord School of Philosophy" met. The "Wayside," just beyond, was at different times the home of the Alcotts and Hawthorne. The next house to the Wayside is the home of Ephraim Bull, who developed from the wild grape the de- licious and widely cultivated Concord grape. Returning to the Square, one sees on the left the Hillside Burying-Ground, old and quaint, but not equalling in interest the beautiful Sleepy Hollow Cemetery, where rest Emerson* GUIDE TO BOSTON 153 Hawthorne, Thoreau, Louisa Alcott and her father, and many members of the distinguished Hoar family. Many other places in Concord are worth seeing, — The Old Manse, the Public Library and Peter Bulkeley's house among them. The village has been called the most interesting one in America, and its natural beauties of meadow and river and peaceful village streets would alone justify a visit. POINTS OF INTEREST REACHED BY THE BOSTON ELEVATED RAILWAY BOSTON is noted for the excellence, comprehensiveness and cheapness of its street-car service. The elevated, subway and substantially all of the surface lines in Boston and the nearer suburbs are operated by one company, — the Boston Elevated Railway Company. The fare is five cents, and free transfers are given between surface, elevated and sub- way lines at convenient transfer stations, so that it is seldom necessary to pay more than a single five-cent fare to ride from any point to any other point in this company's territory of about one hundred square miles. Conductors and other employees will be found very courteous in directing strangers as to the best way of reaching any de- sired point of interest. It is wise for those who are not famil- iar with the system to ask surface-car conductors at the time fares are paid if transfer checks are required in order to reach the point of destination, as transfer checks are issued in some cases only by conductors when fares are collected. Boston is the only city in the world in which surface, un- derground and overhead lines are operated by a single com- pany. The Tremont Street Subway was the first subway to be built in this country. The East Boston Tunnel is built under a portion of Boston Harbor, and connects the central business district with an important section of the city. The elevated trains supply the principal transit facilities north and south through the congested portion of the city. The Tremont Street Subway is equipped with through north and south tracks used by the elevated trains, and two loop tracks used by surface cars. One of these loops is used by sur- face cars running to points principally to the west and south, and the other is used by surface cars running to northern and western points. An elevated line, called the Atlantic Avenue circuit, runs along the water-front, and is served by trains running to all GUIDE TO BOSTON 155 elevated and subway stations. The company operates nearly four hundred and fifty miles of track and runs about thirty-five hundred cars. The cars are clean, comfortable and modern. The most enjoyable as well as the cheapest means of going about the city is by street car. The number of attractive trolley trips for pleasure and sight- seeing is very great. The park system of Boston and the Metro- politan district serves both for instruction and recreation. A few of the many points of interest that members should visit are given in the following brief list which includes only a small fraction of what Boston offers. Maps of the street-car system showing connections and routes will be found at all elevated and subway stations. Visitors will do well to provide themselves with some one or more of the excellent trolley-trip guide-books which can be obtained at book-stores and news-stands. Near Park Street Subway Station, reached by elevated train, or Park Street Subway surface cars. Boston Common State House King's Chapel King's Chapel Burying-Ground Granary Burying-Ground New England Historic Genealogical Society Near Scollay Square and Adams Square Subway Stations, reached by elevated train, or Washington Street or Adams Square surface cars. Faneuil Hall Old State House Stock Exchange Old South Church Quincy Market Court House Boston University Near Battery Street Elevated Station, reached by Atlantic Avenue elevated train, or East Boston Ferry surface cars. Christ Church 156 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION Paul Revere' s House Copp's Hill Burying-Ground Back Bay, reached by Park Street Subway surface cars. Public Garden Boston Public Library Art Museum Trinity Church Museum of Natural History Harvard Medical School, present building and new build- ings Massachusetts College of Pharmacy Symphony Hall Horticultural Hall Children's Hospital Tufts College Medical and Dental School Boston Medical Library New England Conservatory of Music West End, reached by West End surface cars from Copley Square, or by transfer from elevated train at Pleasant Street Subway to Clarendon Hill surface cars. Eye and Ear Infirmary Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Dental School South End, reached by Washington Street surface cars. Leave at East Concord Street. Boston City Hospital Massachusetts Homeopathic Hospital Boston University Medical School South Boston, reached by City Point surface cars. Carney Hospital Dorchester Heights Perkins Institution for the Blind Marine Park Charlestown, reached by Bunker Hill surface cars from Washing- ton Street, or by transfer from the elevated at City Square. Bunker Hill Monument United States Navy Yard GUIDE TO BOSTON 157 Cambridge, reached by Harvard Square surface cars from Park Street Subway or from Bowdoin Square. Harvard University Washington Elm Longfellow House Lowell House Mt. Auburn Cemetery Somerville, Medford, Malden, reached by surface cars from the Sullivan Square Elevated Terminal. Prospect Hill Old Powder House Tufts College Roy all House Craddock House Middlesex Fells Dorchester, Roxbury, reached by surface cars from the Dudley Street Elevated Terminal. Franklin Park Meeting-House Hill Old Burying-Ground Roxbury High Fort Parting Stone SOME BOSTON CHURCHES Arlington Street Church (Congregational Unitarian), Arlington and Boylston streets. Barnard Memorial (Congregational Unitarian), 10 Warrenton Street. Berkeley Temple (Congregational Trinitarian), Berkeley Street and Warren Avenue. Boston Society of the New Jerusalem Church, New Church (Swedenborgian), 136 Bowdoin Street. Bulfinch Place Church (Congregational Unitarian), Bulfinch Place. Cathedral of the Holy Cross (Roman Catholic), Washington and Maiden streets. Central Church (Congregational Trinitarian), Berkeley and New- bury streets. Christ Church (Protestant Episcopal), Salem Street, North End. Church of Our Lady of Perpetual Help (Roman Catholic), 1545 Tremont Street, Roxbury. Church of the Advent (Protestant Episcopal), 30 Brimmer Street. Church of the Disciples (Congi^egational Unitarian), Peter- borough and Jersey streets. Church of the Holy Trinity (German Roman Catholic), 140 Shaw- mut Avenue. Church of the Immaculate Conception (Roman Catholic), Harri- son Avenue and East Concord Street. Church of the Messiah (Protestant Episcopal), St. Stephen and Gainsborough streets. Clarendon Street Church (Baptist), Clarendon and Montgomery streets. Emanuel Church (Protestant Episcopal), 15 Newbury Street. First Baptist Church, Clarendon Street and Commonwealth Avenue. First Church (Methodist Episcopal), Temple Street. First Church in Boston (Congregational Unitarian), Marlborough and Berkeley streets. GUIDE TO BOSTON 159 First Church of Christ Scientist, Falmouth and Norway streets. First Parish in Dorchester {Congregational Unitarian), Meeting- house Hill, Dorchester. First Presbyterian Church, Berkeley Street and Columbus Avenue. First Religious Society (Congregational Unitarian), Eliot Square, Roxbury, First Spiritual Temple (Spiritualist), Newbury and Exeter streets. Friends' Meeting-House, 210 Townsend Street, Roxbury. King's Chapel {Congregational Unitarian), Tremont and School streets. Mt. Vernon Church (Congregational Trinitarian), Beacon Street and Massachusetts Avenue. Notre Dame des Victoires (French Roman Catholic), 25 Isa- bella Street. Ohabei Sholom (Jewish), 1 1 Union Park Street. Old South Church (Congregational Trinitarian), Dartmouth and Boylston streets. Park Street Church (Congregational Trinitarian), Tremont and Park streets. Parker Memorial (Congregational Unitarian), 1 1 Appleton Street. People's Temple (Methodist Episcopal), Columbus Avenue and Berkeley Street. Ruggles Street Baptist Church, 1 63 Ruggles Street, Roxbury. St. John the Evangelist (Protestant Episcopal), Bowdoin Street. St. Leonard's of Port Morris (Italian Roman Catholic), Prince Street. St. Paul's Church (Protestant Episcopal), 136 Tremont Street. Second Church (Congregational Unitarian), Copley Square. Second Universalist Church, Columbus Avenue and Clarendon Street. Shawmut Church (Congregational Trinitarian), Tremont and Brookline streets. South Congregational Church (Congregational Unitarian), New- bury and Exeter streets. Tabernacle Baptist Church, Bowdoin Square. 160 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION Tremont Street Methodist Episcopal Church, Tremont and West Concord streets. Trinity Church (Protestant Episcopal), Copley Square. Union Church (Congregational Trinitarian), 485 Columbus Avenue. Warren Avenue Church (Baptist), Warren Avenue and West Canton Street. SOME BOSTON HOTELS Adams House, Washington Street near Boylston Street : Euro- pean plan, $1.50 to $5.00. American House, Hanover Street near Elm Street: European plan, $1.50; 2 persons in a room, $2.00. Bellevue, Beacon Street near Somerset Street : European plan, $1.50 to $3.00 and upward. Brunswick, Boylston and Clarendon streets : American and Eu- ropean plans, — American, $4.00 and upward; European, $1.50 and upward. Buckminster, Commonwealth Avenue and Beacon Street: American and European plans, — American, $4.00 per day ; Eu- ropean, $2.00. Carlton Chambers, 1138 Boylston Street near Fenway: Eu- ropean plan. Single rooms, without bath, $1.50 per day; with bath, $2.00. Double rooms, without bath, $3.00 per day; with bath, $4.00. Cecil, Washington Street near Boylston Street : European plan. Single rooms, $1.00 and upward; for 2 persons, $2.00 and up- ward. Clarendon, Tremont Street near Clarendon Street: European plan, $1.00 and upward. Commonwealth Chambers, Bowdoin Street, West End : Eu- ropean plan, $1.00 and upward. Copley Square, Huntington Avenue and Exeter Street: Eu- ropean plan, $1.00 and upward. Crawford House, Court and Brattle streets in Scollay Square : European plan, $1.00; 2 persons in a room, $2.00. Essex, Dewey Square, opposite South Station : European plan, $1.50 and upward. Hemenway Chambers, Westland Avenue, near Fenway, Back Bay: European plan. Single rooms, with bath, $1.50 to $3.00 per day. Double rooms, with bath, $2.50 and $4.50. Three rooms, with bath, $4.00 and upward. Langham, Washington and Worcester streets in the South 162 AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION End : American and European plans , — American, $2.00 and up- ward; European $1.00 and upward. Lenox, Boylston and Exeter streets -.European, $1.50 andupward. Lexington, 13 Boylston Street near Washington Street: Eu- ropean plan. Single rooms, $1.50 to $2.00 joe?' day; for 2 per- sons, $2.50 to $3.00. Norfolk House, Eliot Square, Roxbury: American plan, $2.50 and upward. Nottingham, Huntington Avenue and Blagden Street (Copley Square): European plan, $1.00 and upward. Oxford, Huntington Avenue, opposite Exeter Street: Ameri- can and European plans , — American, $2.50 and upward; Euro- pean, $1.00 and upward. Parker House, School and Treraont streets: European plan $1.50 and upward. Quincy House, Brattle Street and Brattle Square: American and European plans , — American, $3.00 and upward; European, $1.00 and upward. Revere House, Bowdoin Square: European plan, $1.00 and up- ward. Somerset, Commonwealth Avenue and Charlesgate East, Back Bay: European plan, $2.50 and upward. Thorn dike, Boylston and Church streets, opposite Public Gar- den entrance to Subway: European plan, $1.00 and upward. Touraine, Boylston and Tremont streets: European plan, $3.00 and upward; two in a room $4.00 and upward. United States Hotel, Beach, Lincoln and Kingston streets : American and European plans, — American, $2.50 and upward; European, $1.00. Vendome, Commonwealth Avenue and Dartmouth Street: American plan , $5.00 and upward. Victoria, Dartmouth and Newbury streets: European plan, $2.00 and upward. Westminster, Copley Square: European plan, $1.50 and upward. Young's, Court Street and Court Square: European plan, $1.50 and upward. The rates given are approximately the regular rates. THEATRES The Theatres which will probably be open during the week oj June Jf-9 are marked *. The daily newspapers should be consulted for attractions. * Boston, Washington Street near West Street. *Bowdoin Square, Court Street near Chardon Street. * Castle Square, Tremont and Chandler streets. Colonial, Boylston Street near Tremont Street. * Empire, Hamilton Place opposite Park Street Church. Globe, Washington and Beach streets. Grand Opera House, Washington Street just south of Dover Street. Hollis Street, Hollis Street between Washington and Tre- mont streets. * Keith's, Tremont Street opposite Boylston Street Subway Exit. * Majestic, Tremont Street near Boylston Street. Park, Washington Street near Boylston Street. * Tremont, Tremont Street opposite Boylston Street Subway Exit. PLACES OF AMUSEMENT Norumbega Park, consisting of a zoological garden, open-air theatre, restaurant and boat-house, is in the township of Newton on the bank of the Charles River, at Riverside. It is reached by trolley cars from the Park Street station of the Subway. Lexington Park, between Lexington and Bedford : Zoological garden, theatre and restaurant. Trolley cars leave Arlington Heights every fifteen minutes, connecting with cars from the Subway (Park Street). Revere Beach: Bathing, amusement enterprises, "Wonder- land" and ocean view. Boston, Revere Beach and Lynn Railroad at Rowe's Wharf, trains every fifteen minutes. Also trolley cars from Scollay Square, or Sullivan Square Terminal of Elevated Railroad. Nantasket Beach: Bathing, ocean view, "Paragon Park," shore dinners. N. Y., N. H. & H. R. R. South Station to Nantasket Junction and thence by trolley ; or steamer from Rowe's Wharf; or direct by trolley from the Dudley Street Terminal. National League Baseball Grounds, Columbus Avenue and Cunard Street, South End: Any trolley cars which go as far as Roxbury Crossing, via either Columbus Avenue or Tremont Street. American League Baseball Grounds, Huntington Avenue and Bryant Street, Back Bay: Brookline cars from the Sub- way, except Ipswich Street cars. Marine Park, South Boston: Restaurant, view of harbor. City Point trolley cars leave Park Square every fifteen minutes; also from the North and South stations at fre- quent intervals. Popular Concerts, Symphony Hall, Huntington and Massa- chusetts avenues, 8 p.m. daily except Sunday. RESTAURANTS Hotel Restaurants, connected with all the hotels. Alt Heidelberg, Hotel Plaza, 419 Columbus Avenue. Bohemian Cafe, Hotel Westminster, Copley Square. Burger Brau, 12 Hay ward Place. Cook's, 31 Avon Street. Crosby's, 19 School Street. Dutch Room, Hotel Touraine, Tremont and Boylston streets. English Room, Hotel Thorndike, opposite Public Garden. Flemish Room, Hotel Lenox, Boylston and Exeter streets. The Grapery, Hotel Lexington, Boylston and Washington streets. Hotel Italy (Italian?), North Square. Marliave's, 11 Bosworth Street. Marston's, 17 Hanover Street, also 121 Summer Street and 564 Washington Street. Mieusset's, 840 Washington Street. Market Restaurants, about Quincy Market. New England Kitchen, 41 Charles Street. North Station, Causeway Street. Oak Grove Farm, Boylston and Berkeley streets. Piscopo (Italian), 32 Fleet Street. Rathskeller, American House, 56 Hanover Street. Shooshan's Cafe, Checkering Hall. Siegel's Store, Washington and Essex streets. South Station, Dewey Square. Thompson's Spa, 219 Washington Street. Men only. Wardwell's, 340 Washington Street. Men only. Wirth, Charles, 35 Essex Street. W t irth, Jacob, 33 Eliot Street. Winter Place Hotel, 1 Winter Place and many others. LADIES' RESTAURANTS English Tea Room, 156a Tremont Street. Laboratory Kitchen, 50 Temple Place. Marston's Lunch Room, 33 Hanover Street. Preble's* Tea Room, 601 Boylston Street. Weber's, 25 Temple Place. Women's Educational and Industrial Union, 264 Boylston Street. Young Women's Christian Association, corner of Berkeley and Appleton streets. INDEXES INDEX OF HOSPITALS AND MEDICAL INSTITUTIONS The chief page references are printed in dark type. Adams Nervine Asylum, 129. Advanced consumptives, hospi- tals for, 124. Almshouse on Leverett Street, 76. American Medical Association, when organized, 78. Association for the Relief and Control of Tuberculosis, 123. Asylum for the Insane at Dan- vers, 78. Asylums for the insane in Massa- chusetts, 126, 127. xjaptist Hospital, New England, 123. Board of Registration, in Medi- cine, 67 ; in Pharmacy, 69. Boothby Surgical Hospital, 41. Boston Association for the Relief and Control of Tuberculosis, 123. Boston Board of Health, 123; laboratories, 64 ; milk and vine- gar, 69. Boston City Hospital, 16 ; descrip- tion, 41-49 ; entrance, 41 ; Con- valescent Home, 49; Relief Station, 48 ; South Department, 16, 47 ; Nurses' Home, 47. Boston Dispensary, 37, 76. Boston Floating Hospital, 88, no. Boston Home for Incurables, 119. Boston Insane Hospital, 79, 126, 127. Boston Lying-in Hospital, 78, 87 ; South Branch, 38, 87. "Boston Medical and Surgical Journal," 77. Boston Medical Library, 16, 65. Boston Society for Medical Im- provement, 66. Boston Quarantine Hospital, 111. Boston University School of Medi- cine, 50. Boylston Medical Library, 76. Brookline Board of Health Hos- pital, 131. Cambridge Hospital, 139. Carney Hospital, 117. Channing Home, 88, 124. Children's Hospital, 15, 71; con- valescent home, 71. Children's Island Sanatarium, 104. College of Pharmacy, Massachu- setts, 69. Corey Hill Hospital, 130. Crippled and Deformed Children, Industrial School for, 72. Cullis Home, 124. Danvers Insane Asylum, 79. Day Hospital for Consumptives, 123. Deaconess Hospital, New Eng- land, 41. Deer Island Hospital, in, 134. Dipsomaniacs and Inebriates, Hospital for, 126. Directory for Nurses, 66. -Cjpileptics, hospital for, 127. JD aulkner Hospital, 129. Feeble-Minded, School for the, 127. Floating Hospital, Boston, 88, no. Free Home for Consumptives, 119, 124. Free Hospital for Women, 132. 170 INDEX OF HOSPITALS AND Cjtood Samaritan, House of the, 84 ; old location, 86. Harbor hospitals, 111. Harvard Dental School, 98. Harvard Medical School : history of, 74-84; organized as a dis- tinct department of Harvard University, 78 ; first degrees in Medicine conferred by, 76 ; de- gree in Arts or Science required for admission, 81 ; four-years' course of study made optional, 80; obligatory, 80; Graduate School, 81 ; new arrangement of subjects taught, 81 ; arrange- ment of subjects taught in first two years, 81 ; new buildings, 16, 68, 82; present buildings, 64, 80 ; Mason Street building, 24, 77; North Grove Street building, 78; Summer School, 80. Holmes HaU, 66. Holy Ghost Hospital for Incur- ables, 135. Homeopathic Medical Dispen- sary, 49. House of Correction Hospital, Deer Island, in, 124. House of the Good Samaritan, 84 ; old location, 86. Industrial School for Crippled and Deformed Children, 72. Infants' Hospital, 88. Insane Criminals, State Farm for, 126. Insane, state hospitals for the, 126, 127. Institution for the Blind, Perkins, 78. .Laboratory, Boston Board of Health, 64 ; for milk and vinegar, 69. Long Island Hospital, 112, 124. Marine Hospital, United States, 115. Mason Street building of Harvard Medical School, 24, 77. Massachusetts Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary, 15, 78, 100. Massachusetts College of Phar- macy, 69. Massachusetts General Hospital, 15 ; erection of, 77 ; entrance to, 88 ; description of, 88-97 ; Con- valescent Home, 97 ; McLean Hospital, 97; Nurses' Home, 95. Massachusetts Homeopathic Hos- pital, 50; Medical Dispensary, 49. Massachusetts Infant Asylum, 130. Massachusetts Medical College, 77. Massachusetts Medical Society, 67. Massachusetts State Board of Health, 128. Massachusetts State Sanatorium, Rutland, 123. Maternity Department of the Mas- sachusetts Homeopathic Hos- pital, 41. Medical Baths, 65. Medical Improvement Society, 66. Memorial Hospital for Infants, Thomas Morgan Rotch, Jr., 88. Morgues: Boston City Hospital, 46 ; North Grove Street, 99. Naval Hospital, United States, 115. New England Baptist Hospital, 123. New England Deaconess Hospi- tal, 41. New England Hospital for Wo- men and Children, 127. MEDICAL INSTITUTIONS 171 "New England Medical Journal," 77. Newton Hospital, 133. North Grove Street building of Harvard Medical School, 78. Nurses, Directory for, 66. ± athological laboratories : Bos- ton City Hospital, 45; Massa- chusetts General Hospital, 80; Sears, 80. [78. Perkins Institution for the Blind, Pharmacy, State Board of Regis- tration in, 69. C^UARANTINE, Boston, 111. Kainsford Island House of Re- formation Hospital, 112. Registration, State Board of, in Medicine, 67; in Pharmacy, 69. Registry for Nurses, 66. Relief Station, Boston City Hos- pital, 14. St. Elizabeth's Hospital, 40. St. Luke's Home for Convales- cents, 122. St. Margaret's Hospital, 103. St. Mary's Infant Asylum, 120. St. Monica's Home, 104. School for the Feeble-Minded, 127. Sears Pathological Laboratory, 80. Sharon Sanatorium, 124. Smallpox Hospital, Boston, 50. South Department, Boston City Hospital, 16, 47. State Board of Health, Massachu- setts, 128. State Board of Registration, in Medicine, 67 ; in Pharmacy, 69. State Colony for the Insane, 126. State Farm for Insane Criminals, 126. State Hospital at Tewksbury, 124. State hospitals for the insane, 126, 127. Stillman Infirmary, 139. Summer School, Harvard Medical School, 80. 1 ewksbury, State Hospital, 124. Thomas Morgan Rotch, Jr., Me- morial Hospital for Infants, 88. Tremont Dispensary, 74. Trinity Dispensary, 86. Tuberculosis, Provisions for, in Massachusetts, 123. Tufts College Medical School, 15, 73- U nited States Marine Hospital, 115. United States Naval Hospital, 115. Vincent Memorial Hospital, 86. Waltham Hospital, 133. Waltham Training School for Nurses, 133. Warren Anatomical Museum, 78. Washingtonian Home, 39. Women's Charity Club Hospital, 123. INDEX The chief page references are printed in dark type. Abbott, Gilbert, 91. Adams Academy, 146. Adams, Charles Francis, home, 146. Adams, John, birthplace and home, 146. Adams, John Quincy, site of man- sion, 24 ; home, 146. Adams Nervine Asylum, 129. Adams, "Sam," 6, 21; statue, 31; at Lexington, 151. Adams, Seth, 129. Adams Square, 31. Advanced consumptives, hospi- tals for, 124. Agassiz, Louis, 11. Alcott, Louisa M., house in Bos- ton, 103 ; in Concord, 152; burial- place, 152. Aldrich, Thomas Bailey, home, 102. Algonquin Club, 56. Almshouse on Leverett Street, 76. "America," first sung, 22; author of, and birthplace, 108. American League Baseball Grounds, 73. American Medical Association, when organized, 78. Amusement, places of, 164. Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company, 23, 32. Ancient Barricado, 34. Andrew, Governor John A. , statue, 28 ; portrait, 32. Antitoxin made, 129. Arlington Street Church, 58. Armory of First Corps of Cadets, 51. Army and Navy Monument, 25 Arnold Arboretum, 128. Art Club, 57. Art Museum, 60. Asylum for the Insane at Dan vers, 79. Asylums for the insane, 126, 127. Athenaeum, Boston, 28. Atlantic Avenue, 14, 34. Attucks, Crispus, 6; monument, 24. "Autocrat of the Breakfast-Ta- ble," 25. Back Bay, 2, 15, 36, 53. Ballard, John, 7. Barricado, Ancient, 34. Bartlett, Enoch, house, 119. Baseball Grounds, American League, 73; National League, 51. Bay Colonists, 1. Bay State Road, 55. Bigelow, Dr. Henry J., 78, 80, 91. Bigelow, Dr. Jacob, 77, 80, 91. Blackstone Square, 39. Blackstone, William, 1; site of house, 103. Beacon Hill, 2. Beacon Street, 15, 55. Beacon, the, on Beacon Hill, 27. Bell, Alexander Graham, 10. Bellingham, Governor Richard, 21. Blue Hills, 16, 27. Board of Registration, in Dentis- try, 99 ; in Medicine, 67 ; in Pharmacy, 69. Boot and shoe market, Boston a, 11. INDEX 173 Boothby Surgical Hospital, 41. Boston Association for the Relief and Control of Tuberculosis, 123. Boston Athenaeum, 28. Boston Athletic Association, 64. Boston Basin, 8. Boston Board of Health, 123; lab- oratories, 64 ; milk and vinegar, 69. Boston City Hospital, 41-49 ; Con- valescent Home, 49 ; Relief Sta- tion, 14, 48 ; South Department, 47 ; Nurses' Home, 47. Boston College and High School, 50. Boston Common, 23. Boston Dental College, 73. Boston Dispensary, 37, 76. Boston, East, 3, 8, 116. Boston Elevated Railway, 17, 154. Boston Female Asylum, 38. Boston founded, 1 ; incorporated, 8. Boston Floating Hospital, 88, no. Boston Home for Incurables, 119. Boston in Lincolnshire, 1, 7. Boston Insane Hospital, 79, 126, 127. Boston Latin School, 51 ; first site, 20. Boston Library, 57. Boston Lying-in Hospital, 78, 87 ; South Branch, 38, 87. Boston Massacre, 6, 30, 34; vic- tims' burial-place, 22. Boston Medical Library, 16, 65. "Boston Medical and Surgical Journal," 77. Boston Museum, 30. Boston Port Bill, 6. Boston Proper, 2. Boston School Committee rooms, 24. Boston Society for Medical Im- provement, 66. Boston Society of Natural His- tory, 58. Boston Stock Exchange, 34. Boston Stone, 106. Boston Symphony Orchestra, 11, 22, 71. Boston Tea Party, 6. Boston Theatre, 24. Boston University, 29 ; School of Medicine (Homeopathic), 50. Boston Water Power Company, 53. Boston Yacht Club, house at Mar- blehead, 142. Boston & Maine Railroad, 13. Boston & Roxbury Mill Corpora- tion, 53, 55. Bostonian Society, 34. Bowditch, Dr. Henry Ingersoll, residence, 58, 80, 91, Bowditch, Dr. Henry P., 82. Bowditch, Nathaniel, 11. Bowdoin, Governor James, 21. Boylston, Ward Nicholas, 76. Boylston, Dr. Zabdiel, 5. Boylston Market, 24. Boylston Medical Library, 76. Bradford, Governor, burial-place, 149. Bradford Manuscript, 28, 148. Braintree, 8. Brattle Square Church, 8, 30. Breed's Hill, 114. Breed's Island, 116. Brewster, Elder, burial-place, 148. Brookline, 8, 130. Brookline Board of Health Hos- pital, 131. Brooks, Rev. Phillips, residence, 57. Brunswick Hotel, 59. Buckman Tavern, Concord, 150. 174 INDEX Bulfinch, Charles, 28, 32, 90, 98. Bulfinch Front of State House, 28. Bunch of Grapes Tavern, 34. Bunker Hill, 6, 7, 17, 114. Burial Hill in Plymouth, 149. Bussey Institution, 128. Cadets, First Corps of, armory, 51. Cambridge, 135. Cambridge Bridge, new, 101. Cambridge Hospital, 139. Cambridge Subway, 30. Camp Hill, East Boston, 116. Cape Ann, 140. Carney Hospital, 117. Carver, Governor, chair, 148. Cass, Colonel Thomas, statue, 54. Cathedral of the Holy Cross, 16, 39- Catholic Cemetery, 127. Causeway Street, 14. Central Church, 57. Central or Business District, 18. Chadwick, Dr. James R., 66. Chamber of Commerce, 34. Channing, Dr. Walter, 77. Channing Home, 88, 124. Channing, W. E., statue, 54. Charles River, 2. Charles River Basin Commission- ers, 101. Charles River Dam, 101. Charles Street, 15. Charles Street Jail, 101. Charlesbank Park, 101. Charlestown, 1, 2, 8, 113; how reached, 156. Charlestown Bridge, 113. Charlestown Heights, 113. Chauncey, Charles, 4. Chauncey Hall School building, 73. "Cheapside,"30. Chelsea, 8. Chelsea Ferry, 105. Chestnut Hill Reservoir, 131. Chickering.Hall, 15, 70. Children's Hospital, 15, 71. Children's Island Sanatarium, 104. Christ Church, 7, 107, 155. Christ Church in Cambridge, 137. Christian Science Church, 70. Church of the Advent, 104. Church of the Disciples, 69. Church of the Immaculate Con- ception, 54. Churches of Boston, some, 158. City Hall, 20. Clark-Frankland mansion, 109. Clarke, James Freeman, 69. Codfish, the historic, 28. College Club, 56. College Hill, Somerville, 17. College of Pharmacy, Massachu- setts, 69. College Yard, the, 135. Colonial prison, site of, 20. Colonel Jeremiah Lee mansion, Marblehead, 141. Colonel Robert Gould Shaw Me- morial, 26. Columbus, Christopher, statue, 39. Commercial Street, 14. Commonwealth Avenue, 56. Commonwealth Docks, 117. Concord, 151. Concord Grape, the, where de- veloped, 152. Concord School of Philosophy, 152. Conflagrations, 10. Congregational House, 29. Conservatory of Music, New Eng- land, 15, 72. Constitution, the, where built, 110; in Navy Yard, 113. Copley, John Singleton, 60. INDEX 175 Copley Square, 13, 59. Copp's Hill Burying-Ground, 108, 156. Copp's Hill gas works, 9. Corinthian Yacht Club, Marble- head, 142. Cornhill, 30. Cotton, John, 21; house, 29; rec- tor, 60. Council Chamber, Old State House, 33. County Court House, 29. Court Chamber, Old State House, 33. Court of Assistants, 1, 113. "Cradle of Liberty," 31. Craddock House, Medford, 157. Creek Lane, or Square, 106. Crematories in Massachusetts, 139. Crippled Children, Industrial School for, 72. Cullis Home, the, 124, 126. Cross streets of Back Bay appro- priately named, 54. Custom House, United States, 34. -Danvers Insane Asylum, 79. D'Anville, Admiral, 5. Day Hospital for Consumptives, 123. Daye, Stephen, first printer, 137. Deer Island, 111, 124. Derne Street reservoir, site of, 27. Devens, General Charles, statue, 28. Dewey Square, 14. Dexter, Aaron, 75. Directory for Nurses, 66. Dispensary, Boston, 37. Dock Square, 31. "Doctors' Row," 56. Dorchester, 119. "Dorchester Giant, The," poem, 121. Dorchester Heights, 8, 16, 117. Doric Hall, 28. Douglass, William, 4. Drowne, "Deacon" Shem, 32. Dry dock, new, 114; old granite, 114. Dudley, Paul, 122 ; milestone, 128. Dudley Street Terminal, 17, 125. Dudley, Thomas, founder of Cam- bridge, 137. Dudleys, burial-places of the, 119. -Cjast Boston, 3, 8, 116. East Boston Tunnel, 30, 116. Eastern Yacht Club, Marblehead, 142. Electric telegraph, first, 10. Eliot Burying-Ground, 119. Eliot, Charles W., 80. Eliot Grammar School, 107. Eliot, John, founder of school, 128; site of house, 125; burial- place, 119. Ellis, Dr. Calvin, 80. Elysium Club, 70. Emancipation Group of statuary, 51. Emanuel Church, 57. Emerson, Ralph, Waldo, 11, 64; home in Roxbury, 126 ; home in Concord and burial-place, 152. English High School, 51. Ericson, Leif, statue, 56. Essex Institute, Salem, 143. Ether, history of, 90. Ether Monument, 54. Eustis Street Burying-Ground, 119. Evacuation of Boston by British, monument commemorating, 117. Everett, Edward, statue, 54. 176 INDEX Eye and Ear Infirmary, Massa- chusetts Charitable, 15, 78, 100 ; how reached, 156. T aneuil, Benjamin, 128. Faneuil Hall, 8, 31. Faneuil, Peter, burial-place, 21; portrait, 32; residence, 31. Faulkner Hospital, 129. Fenway Court, 68. Ferry, Charlestown, 2, 76. Fields, James T., house, 102. First Baptist Society, 31 ; church, 56; meeting-house, 106. First degrees in Medicine con- ferred by Harvard Medical School, 76. First electric telegraph line, 10. First Episcopal Church in Boston, 20. First Medical Faculty of Harvard Medical School, 77. First Parish Meeting-House, Dor- chester, 119. First Presbyterian Church, 51. First public Latin schoolhouse, 20. First Quaker Meeting-House, 30. First railway in America, 10, 145. First training school for nurses in America, 127. Fisher, Dr. John D., 91. Fishing industry, 11. Ford Memorial, 29. Fore River Works at Weymouth, 146. Forest Hills Cemetery, 127. Forest Hills Crematory, 127. Fort Hill, 2, 18; in Roxbury, 16. Fort Hill Square, 18. Fort Point Channel, 14. Fountain Inn, Well of the, 142. Frankland, Sir Harry, 140; man- sion, 109. Franklin Avenue, 30. Franklin, Benjamin, 10; birth- place, 19; parents' birthplace, 28 ; statue, 20. Franklin, James, printing office, 30. Franklin, Josiah, dwelling, 105; burial-place, 28. Franklin Park, 126, 157. Franklin Square, 39. Franklin Square House, 40. Franklin Union, 10. Free Home for Consumptives, 119, 124. Free Hospital for Women, 132. Frog Lane, 53. Frog Pond, 25. Fugitive Slave Riots, 20. (jage, General, 7. Gallop House, 108. Gallop's Island, 108; hospitals, 111. Gallows Hill in Salem, 142. Gardner, Mrs. John L., residence and museum, 68. Garrison, William Lloyd, 22; statue, 56. Gas introduced, 9. Gerry, Elbridge, 7; birthplace, 142. Girls' High School, 51. Girls' Latin School, 64. Girls' Normal School, 51. Glover, General John, burial- place, 141 ; statue, 56. Good Samaritan, House of the, 34 ; old location, 86. Goodrich, Samuel, 128. Gordon, Rev. G. A., 64. Gorges, Robert, 1. Gorham, Dr. John, 77. Granary Burying-Ground, 21. Grand Staircase Hall in State House, 28. INDEX 177 Grasshopper, the gilded, on Faneuil Hall, 32. Gray, Asa, 11. Great Cove, 2, 35. Great Elm, 25. Great Fire of 1872, 18, Great Hill, or Parker Hill, 122. Green Dragon Tavern, 105. Greene, General Nathaniel, 128. Greenough homestead, 128. Griffin's Wharf, 6, 18. "Grotto" in Revere House, 86. Hale, Dr. Enoch, 91. Hale, Dr. George, 78, 91. Hale, Edward Everett, 21, 58. Hall of the Representatives, Old State House, 33. Hamilton, Alexander, statue, 56. Hancock-Clark House, Lexing- ton, 151. Hancock, Ebenezer, 106. Hancock, John, 21 ; house, 26; at Lexington, 151 ; John, senior, 146, Harbor hospitals, 111. Hartt, Edmund, burial-place, 108 ; shipyard, 110. Harvard College, 2, 3. Harvard Dental School, 98; how reached, 156. Harvard Hall, 75, 135. Harvard, John, house, 1 13 ; monu- ment, 113; statue, 136. Harvard Law School, 136. Harvard Medical School, history of, 74-84; organized as a dis- tinct department of Harvard University, 78 ; first degrees in Medicine conferred by, 76 ; de- gree in Arts or Science required for admission, 81 ; four-years' course of study made optional, 80; obligatory, 81; Graduate School, 81 ; new arrangement of subjects taught in first two years, 81 ; new buildings, 16, 68, 82 ; present building, 64, 80 ; Mason Street building, 24, 77; North Grove Street building, 78 ; Sum- mer School, 80. Harvard Square, 135. Harvard Union, 136. Harvard- Yale Football Game, 138. Hawthorne, Nathaniel, 1 1 ; birth- place, 143 ; house in Concord and burial-place, 152 ; room in Salem Custom House, 143. Hay ward, Dr. George, 78, 91. Hemenway Gymnasium, 136. Hersey, Dr. Ezekiel, 74, 147. Highland Light, 149. Hingham, 147. Historic codfish, the, 28. Historical Sketch of Boston, 1. History of Plimoth Plantation, 28. Hoar, family home in Concord, 152. Hoar, Leonard, 4. Holden Chapel, 75. Hollis Hall, 135. Holmes, Oliver Wendell, 4, 11, 37,91; hall named for, 66; homes, 55, 58, 102 ; last lecture on Ana- tomy, 80; Parkman Professor of Anatomy, 78 ; work on puer- peral septicaemia, 79. Holy Ghost Hospital for Incura- bles, 135. Homans, Dr. John, 118. Home for Little Wanderers, 51. Homeopathic Medical Dispen- sary, 49. Hooker, General Joseph, statue 23. Hopkins, Richard, 3. Horticultural Hall, 15, 71. 178 INDEX Hotel Brunswick, 59. Hotels of Boston, some, 161. House of Correction Hospital, in, 124. House of the Good Samaritan, 84; old location, 86, 124. House of the Good Shepherd, 122. How to Find the Way about the City, 12. Howard Athenaeum, 29. Howe, General, 7. Howe, Julia Ward, home, 55. Howland, John, burial-place, 149. Hull, John, pasture, 108. Huntington Avenue, 15. Huntington Hall, 59. Hutchinson, Anne, 4. Hutchinson, Governor Thomas, 109. Hutchinson, Lieutenant-Gover- nor, 31. Impressment of seamen, 5. Index of Hospitals and Medical Institutions, 167. Independence Monument, 27. Industrial School for Crippled and Deformed Children, 72. Infants' Hospital, 88. Insane, state hospitals for the, 126, 127. Insanity, State Board of, 126. Institution for the Blind, 78. Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum of Art, 68. Italian Opera first production in Boston, 29. Jackson, Dr. J. B. S., 78, 91. Jackson, Dr. James, 67, 76, 88. Jamaica Plain and West Roxbury, 128. Jamaica Pond, 128. Jefferson, President, 5. Jeffries, Dr. John, 7, 100. Jerusalem Road, 147. Jewett, Sarah Orne, house, 102. Jones, Margaret, 4. Jordan Hall, 15, 72. Julien, M., 25. King Street, 33. Kings Chapel, 20. . King's Chapel Burying-Ground, 21. Knox, General, 7. L Street Public Bath, 118. Laboratories of Boston Board of Health, 64, 69. Ladies' Restaurants, 166. Lafayette Mall, 23; Lafayette at Bunker HiU, 114. Latin School, first site, 20. Lawley's Shipyard, 117. Lawson, Thomas W. , country seat, 147 ; town residence, 55. Lee, Colonel Jeremiah, mansion, 141. Leverett, Governor John, 21. Lexington, 150. Lexington Park, 164. Liberty Hall, 25. Liberty Tree, 24. Little Sisters of the Poor, house, 119. Lofty landmarks, 16. "Log of the Mayflower," 28, 148. Long Island Hospital and Alms- house, 112, 124, "Long Path, The," 25. Long Wharf, 34. Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth, 11. Longfellow House, 138. Louis XV, 5. Louisburg, 5, 7. Louisburg Square, 103. Lowell Institute, the, 59. Lowell, James Russell, 11 ; house, 139. INDEX 179 Mann, Horace, School, 58; sta- tue, 28. Marblehead, 141. Marine Hospital, 76. Marine Park, 118. Marlborough Street, 55. Marshall's Lane, 105. Masonic Temple, 24. Massachusetts Avenue, 16. Massachusetts Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary, 15, 78, 100 ; how reached, 156. Massachusetts Charitable Me- chanics Association, 69. Massachusetts College of Phar- macy, 69. Massachusetts General Hospital, 15, 88-97 > Convalescent Home, 97 ; how reached, 156. Massachusetts Hall in Cam- bridge, 135. Massachusetts Historical Society, 65. Massachusetts Homeopathic Hos- pital, 50. Massachusetts Infant Asylum, 130. Massachusetts Institute of Tech- nology, 59. Massachusetts Medical College, 77. Massachusetts Medical Society, 67. Massachusetts State Board of Health, 128. Massachusetts State Sanatorium, Rutland, 123. Massasoit, sachem, 149. Maternity Department of Massa- chusetts Homeopathic Hos- pital, 41. Mather, Cotton, 4, 64; burial- place, 108 ; church, 109. Mather, Rev. Increase, home and church, site of, 109; burial- place, 108. Mather, Richard, burial-place, 119. Mather, Samuel, burial-place, 108 ; church, 109. Maverick, Samuel, 1, 3; house, 116. McLean Hospital, 97. McLean, John, 97. Mechanics Building, 15, 69. Medical Baths, 65. Medical Examiner System in Massachusetts, 99. Meeting-house, first, site of, 34. Meeting-House Hill, 119, 157. Memorial Hall at Cambridge, 17, 136. Memorial Hall in State House, 28. Merriam's Corner, Concord, 152. Merrymount, 1, 145. Metropolitan Park System, 144. Metropolitan Sewerage System, 112. Metropolitan Water Works, 10, 131. Middlesex Fells, 157. "Mill Dam, The," 55. Minot's Ledge Lighthouse, 147. Minute-Man, Concord, 151. Mission Hill and Church, 122. Moon Island, 112. Morgan Chapel, 51. Morgue, North Grove Street, 99. Morse, S. F. B., 10; birthplace, 113. Morton, Thomas, 1, 145. Morton, W. T. G., 90. Mother Church of Christian Sci- ence, 70. Motley, John Lothrop, 23. Motor busses for "Seeing Bos- ton," 24. Moulton, Louise Chandler, 37. 180 INDEX Moulton's Point, 113. Mt. Auburn Cemetery, 139. Mt. Auburn Crematory, 139. Mt. Hope Cemetery, 127. Mt. Vernon Church, 55. Muddy River, 130. Murray's Barracks, 30. Museum, Boston, 30. Museum of Fine Arts, 60. Music Hall, Boston, 22. Nantasket Beach, 147. National League Baseball Grounds, 51. Natural History Society, 58. Navy Yard, 113. "Neck, The," 36. Newbury Street, 57. New Church Union, 57. New England Baptist Hospital, 123. New England Conservatory of Music, 72. New England Deaconess Hospi- tal, 41. New England Historic Genea- logical Society, 29. New England Hospital for Women and Children, 127. "New England Medical Journal," 77. New Jerusalem Church, 57. Newman, Robert, house, 108. New "Old South" Church, 63. Newton Hospital, 133. Niles Building, 20. Noddle's Island, 1, 116. Norfolk House, 122, Normal Art School, 58. Normal School of Gymnastics, 59. North Burial-Ground, 108. North End school, the, 107. North End, The, 105. North Shore, The, 140. North Square, 109. North Station, 13. Norumbega Park, 164. Nurses' Home, Boston City Hos- pital, 47. Nurses' Home, Massachusetts General Hospital, 95. Odd Fellows Hall, 51. Old Burying-Ground, Dorchester, 119, 157. Old Central Burying-Ground, 24. Old Corner Book Store, 19. Old Court House, 20. Old Custom House, 34. "Old Ironsides," built, 110. "Old Manse, The," 153. Old North Church, site, 109. "Old Oaken Bucket," written in Scituate, 147. Old Powder House, Somerville, 157. Old South Church, 6, 8, 19. Old State House, 33. Oldest Episcopal Church in New England, 141. Oldest house in Roxbury, 125. Oldest house in Salem, 143. O'Reilly, John Boyle, statue, 65. Otis, James, 6, 21, 32. x addock mansion, site of, 22. Paine, Robert Treat, 21. Palmer, Edward, 3. Park Street Church, 22. Parker, Captain John, 150. Parker House, 21. Parker, or Great Hill, 15, 122. Parker, Theodore, 22. Parkman, George, 78. Parkman, Dr. Samuel, 91. Parkman murder, 79. Parley, Peter, 128. Parting Stone, 122, 157. INDEX 181 Pathological laboratories : Bos- ton City Hospital, 45; Massa- chusetts General Hospital, 80; Sears, 80. Pemberton Square, 29. People's Palace, 39. People's Forum, 51. People's Temple, 51. Perkins Institution for the Blind, 78, 117. Phillips Brooks House at Cam- bridge, 136. Phillips,- John, 21. Phillips, Wendell, 32. Phipps Street Burying-Ground, Charlestown, 113. Pickering, Timothy, house, 143. Pilgrim antiquities in Pilgrim Hall at Plymouth, 148. "Pilot," the, 65. Pitcairn, Major, place of death, 107 ; at Concord, 151. Places of Amusement, 164. Plymouth, 1, 148. Plymouth Rock, 148. Points of Interest reached by the Boston Elevated Railway, 154. "Pops," the, 71. Popular Concerts, 71. Popular Education, 11. Pormont, Philemon, 3. Post Office, Boston, 18. Prescott, Colonel William, statue, 114. Prescott, W. H., burial-place, 23. Prince School, 58. Prospect Hill, Somerville, 157. Provincial Congress, meeting place, 152. Province House, 7, 20. Public Bath, 39, 118. Public Garden, 53. Public Library, 60. Putnam, General Isaac, head- quarters, 135. Quaker Meeting-House, first, 30. Quarantine hospitals. 111. Quincy, 1, 8, 145. Quincy House, 30. Quincy, Josiah, mayor of Boston, 23, 32. Quincy, Josiah, the elder, resi- dence, 23; statue, 20. Quincy mansion in Quincy, 146. Quincy Market, 32. Ivadcliffe College, 136. Railway, first, in America, 10, 145. Rainsford Island House of Re- formation and Hospital, 112. Randolph, 8. Registration, State Board of, in Dentistry, 99; in Medicine, 67; in Pharmacy, 69. Relief Station, Boston City Hos- pital, 14, 48. Representatives' Hall, 28. Restaurants, 165. Revere, 8. Revere House, 87. Revere, Paul, 6, 21, 69 ; house, . 109, 156. Revolution, American, 5. Reynolds, Dr. Edward, 100. Rhodes, James Ford, residence, 55. Rogers Building, 59. Roger Williams House in Salem, 143. Round Marsh, 53. Roxbury, 2, 120. Roxbury Free School, 125. Roxbury High Fort, 122, 157. Roxbury Latin School, 125. Royall House, Medford, 157. Ruggles Street Baptist Church, 51. 182 INDEX St. Andrew's Church, 86. St. Botolph, 7. St. Botolph, Church of, 60. St. Botolph Club, 57. St. Elizabeth's Hospital, 40. St. Luke's Home for Convales- cents, 122._ St. Margaret's Hospital, 103. St. Mary's Infant Asylum, 120. St. Michael's Episcopal Church, Marblehead, 141. St. Monica's Home, 104. St. Paul's Church, 23. St. Stephen's Episcopal Church, 39. St. Vincent de Paul, Sisters of Charity, 117, 120. Salem, 1, 142. Sanborn, Frank B., home, 152. Scollay Square, 13, 29. Scollay, William, site of house, 30. Second Church, 64 ; site of first and second meeting-houses, 109. Seeing Boston, electric oars, 51; motor busses, 24. Sentry Hill, 2. Sewerage system, Boston's, 112. Sharon Sanatorium, 124. Shattuck, Dr. George C, 80. Shaw, Major Samuel, burial-place, 108. Shaw Memorial, 26. Shawmut, 1. Siege of Boston, 7, 32, 50, 117, 128. "Sign of the Blue Ball, The," 105. Simmons College, 68; dormitory, 69. Sleepy Hollow Cemetery in Con- cord, the, 152. Smallpox, Hospital, 50; vaccina- tion for, 5 ; inoculation for, 4. Smith, Rev. Samuel F., birthplace, 108. Soldiers' Field, 137. Some Boston Churches, 158. Some Boston Hotels, 161. South Bay, 2, 12, 14, 36. South Boston, 117. South Cemetery, 40. South Congregational Church, 58. South Department, Boston City Hospital, 16, 47. South End, The, 36. South Shore, The, 145. South Station, 13, 14. Spiritual Temple, 58. Spring Lane, 1, 19. Springs in Boston, early, 1, 9. Stadium, the, 136, 138. Stamp Act, 6. Stand Pipe on Fort Hill, Roxbury, 16, 122, 157. Standish, Captain Myles, 1 ; bu- rial-place, 148 ; sword, 143. State Bath House, Nantasket Beach, 144 ; Revere Beach, 147. State Board of Health, Massa- chusetts, 128. State Board of Insanity, 126. State Board of Registration, in Dentistry, 99 ; in Medicine, 67 ; in Pharmacy, 69. State hospitals for the insane, 126, 127. State House, 16, 26. State Library, 28. State Prison, 76. State Street, 6, 33. State Street Square, 33. Stillman Infirmary, 139. Stoddard house, 106. Storer, Dr. David Humphreys, 80. Stoughton, William, Chief Justice, burial-place, 119. Stuart, Gilbert, 25. "Student Quarter," 37. Subway, 17. INDEX 183 Sullivan Square Terminal, 17, 113. Summer Street, 14. Sumner, Charles, 22, 32 ; house, 28 ; statue, 54. "Surriage, Agnes," novel of, 109 ; poem, 140. Swimming bath, 39, Symphony Hall, 15, 23, 71. T Wharf, 35. Telephone, the, in Boston, 10. Tennis and Racquet Club, 65. Tewksbury, State Hospital at, 124. Thatcher, Rev. Thomas, 21. Theatres, 163. "The Long Path," 26. Thomas Morgan Rotch, Jr., Me- morial Hospital for Infants, 88. Thoreau, Henry D., 152. Tileston, John, house, 107. Touraine Hotel, 24. Town Granary, site of, 22. Town Hill in Charlestown, 113. Town House, first, 33; second, 33. Town Street in Roxbury, 122. Townsend, Dr. Solomon D., 91. Trade schools, 69. Tremont and Park streets, junc- tion of, a centre, 12. Tremont Dispensary, 74. Tremont House, site of, 21. Tremont Street, 15. Tremont Temple, 21. Tri mount, 1. Trinity Church, 60 ; rectory, 57. Trinity Dispensary. 86. Tuberculosis, Provisions for, in Massachusetts, 123. Tufts College, Somerville, 17, 157. Tufts College Medical School, 15, 73. Union Church, 51. Unitarian Building, 29. United States Marine Hospital, 115. United States Naval Hospital, 115. University Club, 55. Vaccination, 5. Vaccine made, 129. Vane, Sir Harry, 29. Vassal, John, 138. Vendome, Hotel, 56. Vincent Memorial Hospital, 86. v\ abash, the receiving ship, 113. Wadsworth House, 136. Walker Building, 59. Waltham Hospital, 133. Waltham Training School for Nurses, 133. Warren Anatomical Museum, 78. Warren Chambers, 58. Warren, Dr. J. Collins, 83, 91. Warren, Dr. J. Mason, 91 ; resi- dence, 23. Warren, Dr. John, founder of Harvard Medical School, 75; death, 77 ; residence, 20. Warren, Dr. John Collins, 76, 77, 88, 90, 128. Warren, Dr. Joseph, 6, 7 ; oration in Old South Church, 19 ; statue, 125. Warren homestead, the, 125. Warren, Joseph, 125. Warren, William, 29. Washington Elm, 136. Washington, General, 8 ; portrait, 32 ; statue, 28, 54. Washington Market, 49. Washington Street, 15. Washingtonian Home, 39. Waterhouse, Dr. Benjamin, 5, 75. 184 INDEX Watson's Hill in Plymouth, 149. Webster, Daniel, 10, 23, 32; ora- tions at Bunker Hill, 114; por- trait, 32 ; residence, 148 ; statue, 28 ; burial-place, 148. Webster, Dr. John White, 78, 79, 80. Wells Memorial Institute, 38. Wendell, Judge Oliver, 21. Westminster Hotel, 60. White's apothecary shop, 76. White, Peregrine, cradle, 148. Whittier, John Greenleaf, 11. Winnisimmet (Chelsea) Ferry, 105, 140. Winsor, Justin, residence, 40. Winter Street, 14, 37. Winthrop, Governor John, 1, 21 ; first house, 34 ; statue, 56. Winthrop, John, Jr., 4. Witch House in Salem, 143. Witchcraft, 4, 25, 142. Women's Charity Club Hospital, 123. Wood, William, 2. Wool market, Boston a, 11. Wright Tavern, Concord, 151. Writs of Assistance, 6. Wyman, Dr. Jeffries, 80. Wyman, Dr. Morrill, 80. 1 oung Men's Christian Associa- tion, 58. Young Women's Christian As- sociation, 51. Youth's Companion Building, 51. ^jackrewska, Dr. Marie, 127. ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ADVERTISERS W. D. Allison Company, 230. American House, 210. Belmont Spring Water Company, 230. Boston University School of Medi- cine, 197. Brown Brothers & Co., 224. Hotel Brunswick, 211. Burnham Soluble Iodine Co. , 203. City Trust Company, 219. Codman & Shurtleff, Incorpo- rated, 203. Collins & Fairbanks Company, 212. Continental Color and Chemical Co., 207. Dailey's Convalescent Coach, 203. Dennison Mfg. Co., 228. Detroit College of Medicine, 195. F. L. Dunne, 215. Electro-Radiation Company (Swett & Lewis Company), 205. Electro Surgical Instrument Co., 207. Exhibit Committee, 188-190. Fairchild Bros. & Foster, 234. Ransom B. Fuller, 230. Thos. F. Galvin, 217. Gay & Sturgis, 220. W. O. Gay & Co., 219. Hammond Typewriter Co., 204. Harvard Dental School, 195. Harvard Medical School, 194. Harvey Fisk & Sons, 218. Herrick, 210. Hewins & Hollis, 213. Paul B. Hoeber, 209. Horlick's Malted Milk Company, inside back cover. Houghton, Mifflin & Company, Jackson Health Resort, 199. Jones, McDuffee & Stratton Co., 226. Joy Line, 228. Hotel Lenox, 211. Library Bureau, 227. Andrew J. Lloyd & Co., 202. Macalaster & Wiggin, 204. Mcintosh Battery & Optical Co., 208. McMillan Brothers, 215. Dr. Moody's Sanitarium, 199. National Union Bank, 222. New England Mutual Life Insur- ance Company, 231. New York Post-Graduate School and Hospital, 196. Noyes Bros., 214. Parker House, 211. Philadelphia Polyclinic, 191. The Chas. H. Phillips Chemical Co., 233. Pinkham & Smith Company, 202. Wm. H. Richardson Co., 214. Richardson, Wright & Co., 198. E. H. Rollins & Sons, 225. Sampson-Soch Co., 207. Schering & Glatz, 209. Sorosis Shoes, 200, 201. State Mutual Life Assurance Com- pany, 232. State Street Trust Co., 218. A. Stowell & Co., Inc., 217. F. H. Thomas Company, 233. Hotel Thorndike, 210. Hotel Touraine, 211. Tucker, Anthony & Co., 221. Tufts College Dental School, 193. Tufts College Medical School, 192. Victor Electric Co., 206. Samuel Ward Co., 230. [ 185 LIST OF ADVERTISERS Springs Sanitarium Waukesha 199. Woman's Medical College of Penn- sylvania, 195. Wrenn Bros. & Co., 22 Wright & Ditson, 216. Young's Hotel, 211. CLASSIFIED LIST OF ADVERTISERS Medical and Dental Schools Boston University School of Med- icine, 197. Detroit College of Medicine, 195. Harvard Medical School, 194. Harvard Dental School, 195. New York Post-Graduate School and Hospital, 196. Philadelphia Polyclinic, 191. Tufts Dental School, 193. Tufts Medical School, 192. Woman's Medical College of Pennsylvania, 195. Sanataria and Health Resorts Jackson Health Resort, 199. Dr. Moody's Sanitarium, 199. Waukesha Springs Sanitarium, 199. Medical and Surgical Supplies W. D. Allison Company, 230. Dailey's Convalescent Coach, 203. Codman & Shurtleff, Incorpo- rated, 203. Electro-radiation Company (Swett & Lewis Company), 205. Electro Surgical Instrument Co., 207. Andrew J. Lloyd & Co., 202. Macalaster & Wiggin, 204. Mcintosh Battery & Optical Co., 208. Pinkham & Smith Company, 202. Richardson, Wright & Co., Hos- pital Furniture, 198. Sampson-Soch Co., 207. F. H. Thomas Company, 233. Victor Electric Co., 206. Drugs, Medicines, Foods cy Waters Belmont Spring Water Company, 230. Burnham Soluble Iodine Co., 203. Continental Color and Chemical Co., 207. Fairchild Bros. & Foster, 234. Horlick's Malted Milk Company, inside back cover. The Chas. H. Phillips Chemical Co., 233. Schering & Glatz, 209. Hotels American House, 210. Hotel Brunswick, 211. Hotel Lenox, 211. Parker House, 211. Hotel Thorndike, 210. Hotel Touraine, 211. Young's Hotel, 211. Bankers and Brokers Brown Brothers & Co., 224. City Trust Company, 219. Harvey Fisk & Sons, 218. W. O. Gay & Co., 219. Gay & Sturgis, 220. National Union Bank, 222. E. H. Rollins & Sons, 225. State Street Trust Co., 218. LIST OF ADVERTISERS Tucker, Anthony & Co., 221. Wrenn Bros. & Co., 223. Furnishings, Athletic Goods, §c. Collins & Fairbanks Company, 212. F. L. Dunne, 215. Hewins & Hollis, 213. McMillan Brothers, 215. Noyes Bros., 214. Wra. H. Richardson Co., 214. Sorosis Shoes, 200, 201. Wright & Ditson, 216. Insurance Ransom B. Fuller, 230. New England Mutual Life In- surance Company, 231. State Mutual Life Assurance Company, 232. Publishers, Stationers, fyc. Dennison Mfg. Co., 228. Paul B. Hoeber, 209. Houghton, Mifflin & Company, 229. Library Bureau, 227. Samuel Ward Co., 230. Miscellaneous Exhibit Committee, 188-190. Thos. F. Galvin, 217. Hammond Typewriter Co., 204. Herrick, 210. Jones, McDuffee & Stratton Co., 226. Joy Line, 228. A. Stowell & Co., Inc., 217. [187 ] [ 188 ] LIST OF EXHIBITORS Spaces 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 . 25 26 27 28 29 W. B. Saunders Co. Modern Medicine Co. J. B. Lippincott Arlington Chemical Co. Armour & Co. Becton Dickinson & Co. W. T. Keener & Co. Boston Medical and Surgical Journal Old Corner Book Store, Inc. The Journal of Abnormal Psychology Phillips Chemical Co. F. H. Thomas Co. Bausch & Lomb Fairchild Bros. & Foster J. Q. Adams Co. Randall Faichney Co. Randall Faichney Co. J. Emory Clapp Wm. Wood & Co. Sampson-Soch Co. Andrew J. Lloyd Co. Schieffelin & Co. H. K. Wampole & Co. Victor Electric Co. W. D. Allison Boston Vibrator Co. Scanlan Morris Co. Electro-Radiation Co. Wm. Wood & Co. F. A. Davis Co. Campbell Bros. 30 Spaces Fisk & Arno Electro Surgical Instrument Co. j' American Oxygen Associa- J tion [ E. DeTrey & Sons Malt Diastase Co. Shelton Electric Co. Burnham's Soluble Iodine Y Globe Optical Co. J Summer Courses, Harvard { Medical School Surgeons & Physicians Sup- ply Co. U. S. Oxygen Co. Tailby Nason Co. The Trommer Co. 50 51 | 52 J 53 54 55 56 57 58 60 H. P. Engeln Co. International Instrument Co. Globe Manufacturing Co. R. W. Gardner Rebman Co. Sapona Co. Lea Bros. & Co. F. S. Betz Co. F. A. Hardy & Co. W. Scheidel Coil Co. D. Appleton & Co. Baker Electric Co. E. B. Meyrowitz Heinze Electric Co. R. V. Wagner Co. B. B. Apparatus Co. James G. Biddle 189 J LIST OF EXHIBITORS BASEMENT C. W. Dailey, Ambulance F. E. Randall, Motors Londonderry Lithia Water J. R. Bradford, Motors Ballardvale Lithia Water Nemasket Spring Curtis Hawkins Co., Motors Harry Fosdick Co., Motors C. H. Larson, Motors Henderson Bros., Carriages and Boston Filter Co. Motor [ 190 1 PHILADELPHIA POLYCLINIC AND COLLEGE FOR GRADUATES IN MEDICINE Lombard Street, above Eighteenth Street, Philadelphia, Pa. FOUNDED 1882 POSTGRADUATE Courses in all Departments of Medicine and Surgery, including Diseases of the Eye, Ear, and Throat and Nose. The teaching material is drawn from the out-patient department, which has an average daily attendance of more than 300 patients, and from the wards of the Polyclinic Hospital. Laboratory courses in General and Special Pathology and Histology, and in Clinical Pathology. Classes in Anatomy and in General and Spe- cial Operative Surgery. FACULTY OF THE PHILADELPHIA POLYCLINIC PROFESSORS Medicine Augustus A. Eshner, M.D. David Riesman, M.D. R. Max Goepp, M.D. Stomach and Intestine Joseph Sailer, M.D. Pediatrics Samuel McC. Hamill, M.D. James H. McKee, M.D. Neurology William G. Spiller, M.D. Dermatology Jay F. Schamberg Obstetrics Edward P. Davis, M.D. Anatomy Addinell Hewson, M.D. Surgery John B. Roberts, M.D. Lewis W. Steinbach, M.D. Max J. Stern, M.D. Francis T. Stewart, M.D. Orthopedics James K. Young, M.D. Genito- Urinary Hilary M. Christian, M.D. Proctology Lewis H. Adler, Jr., M.D. Gynecology B. F. Baer, M.D. J. Montgomery Baldy, M.D. Harris A. Slocum, M.D. Diseases of the Eye T. B. Sehneideman, M.D. James Thorington, M.D. William C. Posey, M.D. William M. Sweet, M.D. Diseases of the Ear Francis R. Packard, M.D. George C. Stout, M.D. Throat and Nose Arthur W. Watson, M.D. Walter J. Freeman, M.D. Eugene L. Vansant, M.D. Joseph S. Gibb, M.D. Defects of Speech G. Hudson Makuen, M.D. CONSULTANTS George E. deSchweinitz, M.D. W. W. Keen, M.D John B. Deaver, M.D. EMERITUS PROFESSORS J. Solis-Cohen, M.D. C. B. Nancrede, M.D. George C. Harlan, M.D. J. Henry C. Simes, M.D. Arthur Van Harlingen, M.D. H. Augustus Wilson, M.D. Edward Jackson, M.D. Henry Leffmann, M.D. Charles K. Mills, M.D. Samuel D. Risley, M.D. T. S. K. Morton, M.D. Howard F. Hansell, M.D. Communications should be ASSOCIATES Kate W. Baldwin, M.D., Throat and Nose Wendell Reber, M.D., Diseases of the Eye Morris B. Miller, M.D., Surgery W. A. N. Dorland, M.D., Gynecology Theodore A. Erck, M.D., Gynecology Walter Roberts, M.D., Diseases of the Ear John A. Hearst, M.D., TJiroat and Nose Charles F. Mitchell, M.D., Surgery Rose Hirschler, M.D., Dermatology Walton C. Swindells, M.D., Diseases of the Eye E. Lindauer, M.D., Medicine T. H. Weisenburg, M.D., Neurology addressed to r. max goepp, m.d., dean [191 ] TUFTS COLLEGE MEDICAL SCHOOL 41 6 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Mass. faculty Frederick W. Hamilton, A.M., D.D. President Harold Williams, M.D., LL.D., Dean and Professor of Practice of Medicine Frederic M. Briggs, M.D., Secretary and Professor of Clinical Surgery Charles P. Thayer, A.M., M.D. Professor of Anatomy, Emeritus Henry W. Dudley, A.M., M.D. Professor of Pathology, Emeritus John L. Hildreth, M.D., LL.D. Professor of Clinical Medicine, Emeritus Ernest W. Cushing, M.D., LL.D., Professor of Abdominal Surgery and Gynecology Henry J. Barnes, M.D. Professor of Hygiene Edward 0. Otis, M.D., Professor of Pulmonary Diseases and Climatology Charles A. Pitkin, Ph.D. Professor of General Chemistry Morton Prince, M.D., Professor of Diseases of the Nervous System Henry B. Chandler, M.D. Professor of Ophthalmology James S. Howe, M.D. Professor of Dermatology Edward M. Plummer, M.D. Professor of Otology Frank G. Wheatley, M.D., Professor of Materia Medica and Therapeutics Edward B. Lane, M.D. Professor of Mental Diseases George H. Washburn, M.D. Professor of Obstetrics Arthur E. Austin, M.D. Professor of Medical Chemistry Horace D. Arnold, M.D. Professor of Clinical Medicine George A. Bates, M.S. Professor of Histology George W. Kaan, M.D. Professor of Clinical Gynecology William E. Chenery, M.D. Professor of Laryngology George V. N. Dearborn, M.D., Ph.D. Professor of Physiology Timothy Leary, M.D., Professor of Pathology and Bacteriology H. Warren White, M.D., Assistant Professor of Theory and Practice Gardner W. Allen, M.D., Professor of Genito-Urinary Surgery Howard S. Dearing, M.D., Assistant Professor of Clinical Medicine John L. Ames, M.D., Assistant Professor of Clinical Medicine E. Channing Stowell, M.D., Assistant Professor of Children' s Diseases Eugene Thayer, A.M., M.D. Demonstrator of Anatomy Charles F. Painter, M.D., Assistant Professor of Orthopedic Surgery Frank L. D. Rust, M.D. Associate Professor of Ophthalmology Harry H. Germain, M.D. Assistant Professor of Anatomy Lecturer in Mental Diseases Walter E. Fernald, M.D. Instructors in Clinical Medicine John N. Coolidge, M.D. Richard F. Chase, M.D. Assistants in Clinical Medicine William E. Fay, M.D. Charles H. Winn, M.D. Elmond A. Burnham, M.D. Robert M. Merrick, M.D. Arthur W. Fairbanks, M.D. Henry F. R. Watts, M.D. John P. Treanor, M.D. Frederick W. Stetson, M.D. Thomas J. O'Brien, M.D. Joseph H. Saunders, M.D. Instructors in Clinical Surgery Edward A. Pease, M.D. Francis D. Donoghue. M.D. Frederic W. Pearl, M.D. Luther G. Paul, M.D. Theodore C. Beebe, Jr., M.D. Demonstrator of Surgical Technique Richard F. O'Neil, M.D. Instructor in Neurology John J. Thomas, M.D. Instructor in Genito-Urinary Surgery Charles D. Whitney, M.D. Instructor in Electro-Therapeutics Frederick F. Strong, M.D. Assistant Demonstrators of Anatomy William G. Adams, M.D. John W. Lane, M.D. Walter F. Nolen, M.D. John D. Clark, M.D. Frank E. Haskins, M.D. Robert E. Andrews, M.D. OTHER INSTRUCTORS Instructors in Obstetrics Theodore C. Erb, M.D. John S. May, M.D. James W. Hinckley, M.D. Instructors in Pathology Charles D. Knowlton, M.D. 0. Cushing-Leary, M.D. Assistants in Pathology Edison W. Brown, M.D. Leon S. Medalia, M.D. Instructors in Clinical Gynecology Edward L. Twombly, M.D. Charles B. Darling, M.D. W. Herbert Grant. M.D. Edwin B. Neilson, M.D. Instructor in Gynecology Elizabeth A. Riley, M.D. Instructor in Hematology Ralph C. Larrabee, M.D. Assistants in Hematology Clarence H. Staples, M.D. Laurence W. Strong, M.D. Instructors in Medical Chemistry Frederick S. Hollis, Ph.D. Edward E. Thorpe, M.D. Instructor in Theory and Practice Robert W. Hastings, M.D. Instructor in Rectal Diseases Frank P. Williams, M.D. Instructors in Ophthalmology El wood T. Easton, M.D. Henry C. Parker, M.D. Instructor in Histology Guy M. Winslow, A.B., Ph.D. Assistants in Otology Leon E. White, M.D. Francis J. Weller, M.D. I 192 1 Tufts College Medical School, Other Instructors (continued) Assistant in Orthopedics Arthur T. Legg, M.D. Instructor in Physiology Sydney C. Hardwick, M.D. Assistant in Diseases of Children William R. P. Emerson, M.D. The Term opens September 26, 1906, at the new building, 416 Huntington Avenue, and con- tinues eight months. The school is co-educational. It offers a four-year graded course. In- struction is by Lectures, Recitations, Laboratory Work and Practical Demonstrations and Operations. The clinical facilities are excellent. The Laboratories are unsurpassed, and are open throughout the year for clinical and research work. For information in regard to Re- quirements, Entrance Examinations, Fees, or for a Catalogue, address FREDERIC M. BRIGGS, M.D., Secretary Tufts College Medical School, Boston, Mass. TUFTS COLLEGE DENTAL SCHOOL 41 6 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Mass. Frederick W. Hamilton, A.M., D.D. President Harold Williams, M.D., LL.D., Dean and Professor of Theory and Practice Frederic M. Briggs, M.D., Secretary and Professor of Clinical Surgery Charles P. Thayer, A.M., M.D. ■ Professor of Anatomy, Emeritus Henry J. Barnes, M.D. Professor of Hygiene Charles A. Pitkin, Ph.D. Professor of Genercd Chemistry Edward W. Branigan, A.M., D.D.S. Professor of Clinical Dentistry Frank G. Wheatley, M.D., Professor of Materia Medica and Therapeutics Joseph K. Knight, D.D.S. Professor of Prosthodontia FACULTY George A. Bates, M.Sc, D.M.D. Professor of Histology Frederick M. Hemenway, D.D.S. Professor of Prosthetic Dentistry William E. Chenery, M.D., Professor of Diseases of the Nose and Throat Timothy Leary, M.D., Professor of Pathology and Bacteriology Eugene Thayer, M.D. Demonstrator of Anatomy George V. N. Dearborn, M.D., Ph. D. Professor of Physiology Byron H. Strout, D.D.S., Assistant Professor of Operative Technics Walter I. Brigham, D.M.D., Assistant Professor of Operative Dentistry Harry H. Germain, M.D. Assistant Professor of Anatomy OTHER INSTRUCTORS i Instructors in Prosthetic Dentistry Fred C. Merrill, D.D.S. George L. Marshall, D.D.S. Walter G. Bridge, D.M.D. Instructor in Porcelain Work Knut J. Luttropp, D.D.S. Lecturer on Orthodontia George T. Baker, D.D.S. Instructors in Orthodontia, Dana J. Edmunds, D.D.S. Alfred P. Rogers, D.D.S. Instructor in Histology Guy M. Winslow, A.B., Ph.D. Assistant Demonstrators in Anatomy Frederic W. Pearl, M.D. Theodore C. Beebe, Jr., M.D. William G. Adams, M.D. John D. Clark, M.D. Luther G. Paul, M.D. John W. Lane, M.D. Arthur T. Legg, M.D. Walter F. Nolen, M.D. Frank E. Haskins, M.D. Robert E. Andrews, M.D. Instructor in Physiology Sydney C. Hardwick, M.D. Instructors in Clinical Dentistry Edgar O. Kinsman, D.M.D. Henry M. Hills, D.D.S. William Rice, D.M.D. William P. Houston, D.M.D. Walter F. Kenyon, D.D.S. Henry H. Piper, D.M.D. John W. Forbes, D.M.D. Joseph L. C. Taylor, D.D.S. William M. Flynn, D.M.D. John S. Eaton, D.D.S. Burleigh C. Gilbert, D.D.S. Ervin A. Johnson, D.M.D. Frederick B. Stevens, D.D.S. Henry S. Robinson, D.D.S. Irving J. Wetherbee, D.M.D. Varney A. Kelley, D.M.D. Curtis W. Farrington, D.M.D. James P. Lockhart, D.M.D. Sidney B. Sargent, D.M.D. Carey R. Chester, D.M.D. Ivan A. T. Centervall, D.M.D. Instructors in Pathology Charles D. Knowlton, M.D. O. Cushing-Leary, M.D. Assistants in Pathology Edison W. Brown, M.D. Leon S. Medalia, M.D. The next term opens September 26, 1906, and continues eight months. The school is co- educational. It offers a three-year graded course. The clinical and laboratory facilities are unsurpassed. For further information or for a Catalogue, address FREDERIC M. BRIGGS, M.D., Secretary Tufts College Dental School, Boston, Mass. [ 193 ] o o X u < o Q W Q o5 ffi W 'O a Pi - 1 J : I re o s •-§ .a © i © ■B Oh .jS re 3 -s ^ P* 05 03 83 03 3 h3 O ~ f-5 03 03 ,, , X 03 o co 3 s &'* 03 C 1< © «e © .a -*j © £ "S, D « 5 -O <« ^ « ^ g 3 i g •2gg «+-l © £ r; -° r± © re © *H be re © * a © ?© re ^ © 5 w o © rl '© *>■ H3 bD cc O © C re © > Pu © 3 TJ o © "■I © 2 13 .2 © © * J s ^ s S -2 © P* P © © CZ2 ^ 2 2 5 be a © ■O © cc - '"* © rP <^ o ^ ° © ffl H PS o c © 03 X © ^ © © *r- © o a ., «3 - O Q s >> © X fi bL X OD 2-8 o f 3 S be. © a S * S jS a a X © 2 a be re a © a © O S a 3 s § a* ° Pi o © +* in in o u w H Q | ^ '-g © a o o g re q. © ^ a w PS PS o & £ o a W a p^ in a} Ph ^ oq K » LJ •2 § 'S ffi I a -8 ( 184] T Harvard Dental School fe A DEPARTMENT OF HARVARD UNIVERSITY HIS school offers to students holding a degree in letters or science, or who have passed the entrance examination to Harvard College or any other reputable college of letters, a graded course of three years with modern laboratory instruction and special facilities for ac- quiring operative technique. Large clinics. Thirty-eighth year begins September 27, 1906. Send for announcement. Dr. EUGENE H. SMITH, Dean 283 Dartmouth Street, Boston, Mass. Woman's Medical College -OS OF PENNSYLVANIA ^ 57th Annual Session. Thorough course. Four years. Exceptional facilities for Laboratory and Bedside Instruction. Post-graduate course in Operative Gynaecology in the spring; post-graduate course in Obstetrics in the summer months. Full particulars in catalogue. CLARA MARSHALL, M.D., Dean, Box 500 21st St. and N. College Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. DETROIT COLLEGE OF MEDICINE: DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE THE THIRTY-NINTH ANNUAL SESSION will open September 19, 1906, and continue eight months. The entire course embraces four yearly sessions. A high-school education or its equivalent is required for admission. Students holding cre- dentials from other reputable medical colleges will be admitted to advanced standing and given credit for work done. THE SPECIAL ADVANTAGES OFFERED are new buildings with separate class rooms and laboratories ; modern equipment ; a care- fully graded course with personal instruction throughout ; unsurpassed clinical facilities ; desirable hospital appointments for both students and graduates. CLINICAL INSTRUCTION is given daily in Saint Mary's and Harper Hospitals, in Saint Mary's Hospital Free Dispen- sary, Harper Hospital Polyclinic and Harper Hospital Contagious Disease Building. Ad- vanced students are supplied with obstetrical cases in the House of Providence and in the Woman's Hospital. Access is had also to Saint Luke's and the Children's Free Hospitals. H. O. WALKER, M.D., Secretary, DETROIT, MICH. [ 195 ] NEW YORK POST-GRADUATE MEDICAL SCHOOL AND HOSPITAL UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK Second Avenue and Twentieth Street, New York THIS is the pioneer Post-Graduate Institution in America and the first one in the world where complete Post- Graduate Medical Instruction was given under one roof. The methods of instruction of this School are of the most thorough and advanced kind. The personal instruction is so exact and com- plete that the physicians taking the General and Special Courses may go away with the capacity to make examinations and carry on the treatment, operative or otherwise, that has been taught them. The Hospital, which is under the same roof, contains two hundred and sixteen beds, and the material is used for the instruction of the practitioners attending the courses. A Special Course in Tubercu- losis is given in the Dispensary devoted to this disease. The Labo- ratory instruction in Pathology, Racteriology and Urinary Analysis is of the best order. There are courses in Electro-Radio Therapeu- tics, in Ophthalmoscopy and Ophthalmometry, and Laryngology, while in general Medicine and Surgery the clinical instruction is ample. Practitioners of medicine will find the course adapted to their needs, while specialists in any department may give their whole time to the subjects in which they are interested. For further particulars, address James N. West, M.D., Secretary of the Faculty Second Avenue and Twentieth Street, New York City D. B. St. John Roosa,, M.D., LL.D., President [ 196 ] Boston University School of Medicine EAST CONCORD STREET, BOSTON mm t 2L\ SSFA «m "The International Jury of Awards has conferred a gold medal upon Boston University School of Medicine for General Exhibit illustrat- ing courses of instruction and methods and results of school work." * -*' ^ 7 •„ ., - , , ;gp ■ i K \ \ ■ .- / i Cata- ^Br i For Information and Cata- ^Slr logue apply to Frank C. Richardson, M.D., Registrar, 1069 Boylston Street, Boston, Mass. [ 197 ] RICHARDSON, WRIGHT & CO. 51 CHARDON STREET, BOSTON, MASS. Manufacturers of Aseptic Steel Hospital Furniture This bed was exhibited at the Massachusetts Board of Health Tuberculosis Exhibit at Hor- ticultural Hall, January, 1906, and created fa- vorable comment. No. 60. Bed for Sleeping with Head out of Window Mattresses and Pillows [ 198 ] The Jackson Health Resort DANSVILLE, LIVINGSTONE COUNTY, NEW YORK T^HE attention of physicians is called to this institution, which offers exceptional advan- tages and attractions. Staff of Regularly Educated and experienced Physicians ; elegant Fire-proof Building — brick and iron ; all Modern Conveniences. Special attention to the scientific administration of Water, Electricity, Massage, Swedish Movement, Rest-cure and Dietaries to meet the needs of chronic invalids. The Schott System of Nauheim Baths and Exercises for Heart Disease Famous Northern Health Resort on Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Ry., from New York to Buffalo without change. Send for illustrated Literature, addressing J. ARTHUR JACKSON, M.D., Manager, Box P Dr. G. H. Moody Dr. T. L. Moody Dr. Moody's Sanitarium, San Antonio, Texas For Nervous and Mental Diseases, Drug and Alcohol Addictions TTOMELIKE surroundings conducive to rest, relaxation and recuperation in an ideal loca- tion. Two elegant two-story buildings two hundred feet apart, for men and women re- spectively, and an isolated cottage. First-class modern equipments and conveniences. Electrotherapy, hydrotherapy, massage, &c. First-class nursing. Strictly ethical lines fol- lowed. Address G. H. Moody, M.D., S15 Brackenridge Avenue, San Antonio, Texas For six years Asst. Physician to State Asylums at San Antonio and Austin, Texas <** WAUKESHA SPRINGS SANITARIUM ^ For the Care and Treatment of Nervous and Mental Diseases* New, Absolutely Fireproof Building BYRON M. CAPLES, M.D., Superintendent, Waukesha, Wis. [ 199 J §ORQSI§ 1$ Shoe IF ANATOMICALLY CORRECT 1 SCIENTIFICALLY CONSTRUCTED 1 DOUBLE TRUSS SHANK . 1 PROFESSIONAL ENDORSEMENT This Sorosis is made in variety of leathers, both boots and oxfords, for men, women and children, and can be obtained at any of the following So- rosis Stores or Departments: New York, Jas. McCreery & Co., West 23d St. Brooklyn, cor. Fulton and Hout Sts. Baltimore, 19 Lexington St., W. Washington, 1213 F St. Boston, 20 Temple Place and 176 Boylston St. Chicago, 3k Washington St. Cincinnati, 106 West Seventh St. Detroit, Newcomb-Endi cott Co. Buffalo, H. A. Meldrum Co. Philadelphia, 1312-131k Chestnut St. London Shops : Regent House, Regent Street, W. Pittsburg, cor. Penn Ave. and 5th St., and 21k 6th St. Cleveland, 177 Euclid Ave. Milwaukee, 93 Wisconsin St. St. Paul, Field, SchlicJc e& Co. Denver, 626 16th St. Hartford, 9k5 Main St. Providence, The Shepard Company St. Louis, Scruggs, Vandervoort <& Barney Dry Goods Co. Minneapolis, 700 Nicollet Ave. 1" 19 Westbourne Grove, W. 83 Brompton Road, S. W. Glasgow, 118-120 Buchanan St. Frankfort, A. M., 19 Rossmarkt Edinburgh, 120 Princes St. Vienna, 5 Tegetthofstrasse Liverpool, 59 Church St. Christiania, 20 Kongens Gd. Manchester, 56 Marhe t St. and U7 Deansgate Copenhagen, Vimmelskaftet Berlin, 60 Friedrichstrasse Honolulu, H. I., 10k9-1063 AlaJcea St. Hamburg, 25 Jungfernstieg AND ALL OTHER IMPORTANT CITIES IN AMERICA AND EUROPE [ 200 ] §ORQSI§ SHOES Sorosis First Aid Arch Support THE Sorosis Shoe manu- facturers have invented, and patented a simple but we think you will consider a very effective device for support- ing the arch, which they have termed the u Sorosis First Aid Arch Support" This appliance you will no- tice consists of a felt pad held in proper position by a pocket in the support which fits snugly about the heel and over the instep as shown in the illustration. A further setting forth of its merits we deem unnecessary to the professional readers of this periodical, but we think the possibility of preventing further trouble is obvious when this support is used where the first symptoms of breaking down of the arch appears. As experts you might justly claim this support would not be effec- tive provided the shank of the shoe crowded down. When worn with Sorosis 1^ shoes, the shank of which is so conducted as to always re- main in the proper place, this device is O. K. U We shall be pleased to explain it more fully to all interested at our Sorosis Store, 176 Boylston Street. It is made for men, women and children and can be obtained at any Sorosis Store or Department (see list on preceding page), or may be or- dered direct from the manufacturers A. E. LITTLE & CO., LYNN, MASS. Price, $1.50 per pair Special prices to Physicians and Surgeons [ 201 1 Pinkham & Smith Company Prescription Opticians Photographic Supplies 288-290 BOYLSTON STREET, BOSTON, MASS. MANUFACTURERS of high-grade Lenses as prescribed by oculists. Our Toric and Bifocal lenses are the most per- fect lenses of their type produced. We pay most careful attention to the accurate adjustment of Spectacles and Eyeglasses. Our work is strictly first-class and our prices very moderate. Andrew J. Lloyd & Co. ^ Opticians £& Display at this Exhibition Kryptok Integral Bifocal Lenses Hyperbolic Lenses Lens Lock Eyeglasses Automobile goggles Clinical and other Thermometers Hygrodeiks (Humidity testers) Zeiss Stereo-Binoculars Samples of ' Holmgren! s Worsted Tests For the Detection of Color Blindness And Other Things of Interest Visiting physicians are cordially invited to avail of our facilities for repairing or adjusting their glasses. To those who may be interested our workshops are open to inspection, and the processes of making Toric and Kryptok Lenses may be seen. TWO STORES Down Town, 315 Washington Street Back Bay, 310 Boylston Street Opposite Old South Church Opposite Arlington Street [ 202 ] Telephones : Oxford 1770-1771 Established 1838 Codman & Shurtleff Incorporated SURGICAL AND ORTHOPAEDIC INSTRUMENTS INVALIDS' ARTICLES, ATOMIZING APPARATUS 120 Boylston Street (Walker Building) BOSTON One minute from Tremont Street and Boylston Street Subway Station, connect- ing directly with North and South Station Elevated Trains and Surface Cars Dailey's Convalescent Coach AND FIRST CLASS AMBULANCE SERVICE HpHESE vehicles are heated when desired and have rubber tires. -■- One-horse ambulance for accident calls and for removing sick and incapacitated per- sons at a low rate. This ambulance is specially made to meet the above requirements, and is in every way desirable so far as comfort and convenience to patient are concerned. Basket Stretcher for Long Journeys 105 CAMBRIDGE STREET, EAST CAMBRIDGE, MASS. Telephone : No. 341 Cambridge SOLUBLE IODINE (Burnham's) The Therapeutic Possibilities of Iodine Medication Greater than Ever Before "DREFERABLE to the Iodides because through its solubility in the gastric fluids and tis- A sues of the body complete absorption is attained; smaller doses are possible and the sys- tem is not taxed with unnecessary elimination of useless and harmful drugs as in the Iodides and other compounds. Soluble Iodine (Burnham's) is given internally, on the empty stomach, or hypodermically, in the natural menstruum-water, with no unpleasant effects, far better results and lessened cost. Put up in both liquid and tablet form and obtainable through all druggists. BURNHAM SOLUBLE IODINE CO. Beware of Imitations AUBURNDALE, MASS. [ 203 ] THE MEDICAL MAN'S TYPEWRITER INTERCHANGEABLE TYPE INCLUDING MEDICAL Writes on / ww/fws/w _ h Loose-leaf Envelopes and ^^^^^^^§^ Wax Stencil USED BY THE BOSTON MEDICAL LIBRARY 1906 VISIBLE MODEL Hammond Typewriter Co. MACALASTER & WIGGIN BOSTON, MASS. 210 SUDBURY BUILDING ? w Actual Makers of X-Ray Tubes, Vacuum Electrodes, X-Ray Accessories NEARLY ALL THE EXPERTS ARE USING THE "M & W" X-RAY TUBES FOR THEIR SHORTEST EXPOSURES MAY WE NOT INDUCE YOU TO TRY SOME OF THEM ? [ 204 ] ANNOUNCEMENT THE Electro-Radiation Company respectfully announce that the business of the Swett & Lewis Company has been purchased by them and that hereafter they will manufac- ture the coils heretofore made by the Swett & Lewis Com- pany under "Kinraide" patents, in addition to Dr. Frederick F. Strong's High-Frequency and X-Ray Apparatus. Mr. Frank H. Swett, for many years Treasurer and Mana- ger of the Swett & Lewis Company, will be associated with Mr. Alfred E. Joy in the management of the Company's af- fairs and may be found until further notice at No. 18 Boylston Street, Boston, Mass. We shall exhibit at Mechanics Building during the conven- tion of the American Medical Association in June and shall have an extensive display of electrical apparatus at our demon- stration rooms, 532 Columbus Avenue, including many inter- esting appliances which the size of our space in the first-named exhibit will not permit our showing to good advantage. The coils will also be on exhibit at 18 Boylston Street. We extend a cordial invitation to visiting physicians to make our Columbus Avenue rooms their headquarters and beg to place at their disposal desks, writing facilities, tele- phone, &c. ELECTRO-RADIATION COMPANY High-Frequency Apparatus 18 Boylston Street, Boston [ 205 ] TRADE MARK THE TRADE MARK THAT GUARANTEES QUALITY Victor Apparatus is Invariably Satisfying Reliable Accurate and The Best Victor No. 5, Combination Floor Cabinet We manufacture Galvanic and Faradic Apparatus Vibrators Air Compressors Air Heaters Cautery Apparatus Eye Magnets Finsen Lamps All goods covered by a two-years' 1 guarantee Write for latest Catalogue Diagnostic Lamps Ear Pumps Electrodes Motors Batteries etc., etc. Victor No. 1, Massage Outfit VICTOR ELECTRIC CO. NEW YORK BRANCH 729 6TH AVE. , COR. 42D MAIN OFFICE AND FACTORY 55-61 MARKET ST., CHICAGO, ILL. [ 206 ] BOSTON BRANCH 100 BOYLSTON ST. ^K ANTISEPSIS OF URINARY TRACT $g* H elmi tol Protargol Hexamethylentetraminanhydromethylen citrate INTERNALLY Silver-protein EXTERNALLY In all affections of the urethra, prostate and bladder Helmitol has proved superior to other formaldehyde derivatives in efficiency, safety and freedom from irritation, while Protargol is considered by many authorities as the most powerful and least irritating gonocide. THE NEW LOCAL ANESTHETIC Alypin Monohydrochloride of benzoyl 1.8 tetramethyldiamino 2 ethylisopropylic alcohol Equal in efficiency to cocaine in all its indications and much safer. Solutions unirritating and sterilizable. No mydriasis or increase of intraocular pressure when used in the eye. THE MOST RELIABLE DIURETICS Acet-Theocin-Sodium Agurin {Soluble Theocin) Acet-theobromine-sodium In the dropsy of cardiac disease and chronic renal affections Theocin has been found the promptest and most efficient diuretic. Agurin,though less powerful, is more persistent in its ac- tion and may be administered to maintain the diuresis which has been initiated with Theocin. Samples and Literature supplied by Continental Color and Chemical Co. o»>^ P. O. BOX 1935 ^©^ NEW YORK *)©»■ 128 DUANE STREET "^O*- Our Specialty STERILE CATGUT Sampson-Soch Co. Everything for the Physi- cian and Surgeon 731 BOYLSTON ST., BOSTON Be Sure to See the Exhibit or the ELECTRO SURGICAL INSTRUMENT CO. Originators of all kinds of Electrically Lighted Instruments Manufacturers of high grade Electro-Therapeutic Apparatus Cystoscopes, Bronchoscopes, Oesophagoscopes, Auriscopes, etc. Extra lamps, 50 cts. Descriptive and illustrated catalogue on application E.S.I. Co. Socket Current Controller and Cystoscope Origination begets imitation, so note well our exact name Electro Surgical Instrument Co. Rochester, New York. [ 207 ] TWO GUIDE POSTS wr-To WF" To Success in Boston Common Eleeti^o- Therapeutics The Our Guide- new Book Points catalogue. Series 10, the 27th way edition to illuminates many of the the path to attractive success 1 points of in the the old application of historic electricity city of as a Boston; remedial and agent ; outlines the illustrating a numerous choice interesting line features of of the meeting of the American apparatus priced at popular figures : mailed Medical Association. upon request. McINTOSH BATTERY & OPTICAL CO. 4-3-45 West Randolph St., Chicago, III. [ 208 ] PYRENOL Chemical compound of Salicylic Acid, Benzoic Acid and Thymol, possessing their virtues without their draw- backs, as its extensive literature shows. It is a cardio- tonic — not a depressant — and effects gradual tempera- ture fall with little diaphoresis. In Asthma, Bronchitis and Pertussis it inhibits the attacks with astonishing rapidity. In Pneumonia it is a steady, reliable febrifuge, expectorant and heart stimu- lant. In Rheumatism {articular, muscular) and Neu- ralgia (migraine, sciatica) its analgesic action promptly arrests the most violent and persistent pains. Liter a herefrom Schering & Glatz, 58 Maiden Lane, New York. Tel. 2682 Plaza Leipzig, Gutenbergstrasse 7 On your way home visit PAUL B. HOEBER IMPORTER OF AND DEALER IN MEDICAL BOOKS AND PERIODICALS 69 East 59th Street, bet. Park & Madison Aves., NEW YORK Dear Doctor : We have no exhibit at the convention, but, at 69 East 59th Street, New York City, we can show you a very large and complete stock of German Medical Books and Periodicals (THE LARGEST STOCK OF THIS KIND IN AMERICA) besides the leading French, English and Ameri- can publications. Our stock includes not only all the large "systems" and stand- ard text books, but also thousands of monographs on all subjects. New publica- tions are received as published. If interested kindly drop in when next in New York. If this is not convenient, write, and we will send you catalogues and circulars (in this case kindly state your specialty). We take subscriptions for all German (and other) Medical Journals at the low- est prices, prompt delivery being guaranteed. Yours very truly, Paul B. Hoeber 69 East 59th Street, New York City READING ROOM FOR PHYSICIANS [ 209 } R THE NEW AMERICAN HOUSE ATHSKELLER The Most Artistic and Most Famous Dining Place in Boston Cuisine Perfect Good Music Special Dishes Good Cheer There is no other place in Boston just like this — indeed there is no- thing" just like it in the country. It has an atmosphere of refined Bohemianism that makes its excellent food taste all the better. 'TIS A PLEASURE TO DINE HERE Herrick TICKETS All Theatres Phones 232Q, 2330 and 2331 Back Bay HOTEL THORNDIKE BOYLSTON ST. [OPP. PUBLIC GARDEN] BOSTON, MASS. Rooms $1.50 per day and up G. A. & J. L. Damon, Pbop. YE OLDE ENGLISH DINING-ROOM One of Boston's Show Places 210 ] Hotel Brunswick BOSTON ¥ European and A merican Plans Amos Barnes, Proprietor; Herbert H. Barnes, Manager Hotel Lenox EUROPEAN PLAN CHARLES A. GLEASON, MGH. Hotel Touraine Parker House Young's Hotel c European Plan [211 ] Collins & Fairbanks Company HATS AND FURS 381-383 WASHINGTON STREET DIRECTLY OPPOSITE FRANKLIN STREET BOSTON Hunting, Shooting, Boating & Tourists' Hats and Caps Ladies' Hats, Opera Folding Hats Livery Hats and Cockades Ladies' Riding Hats Gold and Silver Mounted Umbrellas Canes, Crops and Whips [ 212 FRIENDS OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION AND OF THIS GUIDE-BOOK HAVE SUBSCRIBED MONEY FOR TWO AND ONE HALF PAGES OF ADVERTISEMENTS HEWINS & HOLLIS Mens Furnishing Goods 4 Hamilton Place, Boston [ 213 1 It is sometimes mighty in- convenient to wait two weeks to have a suit made. Yet to men accustomed to correct clothes the ordinary clothing store suit is impos- sible. An opportune moment to get acquainted with us. Alfred Benjamin § Co.'s Clothes Exclusively $20 to $40 THE WM. H. RICHARDSON CO. 388 WASHINGTON STREET Smart Shirts OF ENGLISH AND FRENCH FLANNEL INDISPENSABLE EOR WEAR EN ROUTE For the Railway Carriage For Steamer Traveling For Golfing, Tennis, Hunting, Fishing and Field Sports With White Flannel Collar or to Match Goods $3.50 TO $9.50 EACH ^a Washington and ^y?&\. Summer Streets, ' Boston, U.S.A. 214 ] F. L. Dunne BOSTON Transcript Building and NEW YORK 17 W. 30th Street FINE CLOTHES McMillan Brothers TAILORS Paddock Building, 101 Tremont Street BOSTON r sis i Doctors, Attention! o UR best friends are found among the medical fraternity who recog- nize the work we are doing in aid of humanity by assisting in building up young constitutions by athletic sports and physical culture in order that the people of this great country may be- come strong, healthy and active men and women. A sound mind in a sound body is what is desired, and the leading doc- tors know we have the best apparatus for physical development — the best rackets, bats, balls, golf clubs, the pro- per clothing, in fact everything neces- sary for athletic sports and pastimes. Bandages of all kinds to make the weak joints strong. We have specialists in every department who are qualified to give advice and aid in selecting the pro- per article no matter what it may be. Doctors! Be sure to call at our store, get a cata- logue, and keep it in your library. You will find it useful. WRIGHT & DITSON 8 4,4. Washington St., Boston 8Ip Wabash Ave., Chicago Cambridge, Mass., fy Providence, R. I. [ 216 ] NEW YORK LONDON PARIS Tbos. F. Galvin Roses 124 TREMONT STREET CONSERVATORIES Opposite Park St. Church Boylston Sf Fairfield Sts., Back Bay OXFORD I73T B.B. 2323 [217] State Street Trust Co. 38 STATE STREET Back Bay Branch cor. Massachusetts Avenue and Boylston Street Interest credited monthly on balances of $300 and over SAFE DEPOSIT BOXES AND STORAGE VAULTS AT THE BRANCH OFFICE Harvey Fisk & Sons NEW YORK : 62 CEDAR STREET BOSTON! 35 CONGRESS STREET Bankers and Dealers In United States Government, State, Municipal, Railroad, and other Conservative Investment Securities Orders for the 'purchase and sale of all negotiable securities executed promptly [ 218 ] City Trust Company Capital and Surplus $2,000,000 Transacts a General Trust and Banking Business Acts as Executor, Trustee and Financial Agent 50 STATE STREET, BOSTON BUNKER HILL BRANCH, CITY SQUARE CHARLESTOWN Deposits Received and Checks Cashed at Either Office Capital Stock $1,000,000.00 Surplus 1,000,000.00 Deposits 15,000,000.00 OFFICERS Philip Stockton, President Charles R. Lawrence, Manager Charles Francis Adams 2d, V.-Pres. Bunker Hill Branch Arthur Adams, V.-Pres. Charles P. Blinn, Jr., Asst. Treas. George W. Grant, Treasurer Fred K. Brown, Asst. Treas. George S. Mumford, Secretary P. D. Haughton, Asst. Secretary SAFE DEPOSIT VAULTS W. 0. Gay & Co. M CONGRESS STREET Commercial Paper and Collateral Loans Boston • New York • Philadelphia Chicago • St. Louis [ 219 ] Gay & Sturgis BANKERS AND BROKERS 50 CONGRESS STREET MEMBERS OF THE BOSTON STOCK EXCHANGE [ 220 ] Tucker, Anthony & Co. BANKERS AND BROKERS 53 STATE STREET, BOSTON, MASS. Members Boston and New York Stock Exchanges \ 221 ] THE NATIONAL UNION BANK No. 40 STATE STREET, BOSTON, MASS. Capital $1,000,000.00 Surplus 750,000.00 Undivided Profit 219,930.71 Chartered as a State Bank 1792 Chartered as a National Bank 1865 RESOURCES LIABILITIES Loans and Discounts $5,894,853.06 Capital $1,000,000.00 United States Bonds 100,000.00 Surplus and Undi- Stocks and Securities 74,476.00 vided Profits 969,930.71 Due from Banks 1,593,401.22 Circulation 99,000.00 Cash and Exchanges 2,315,005.21 Dividends 8,929.50 Reserved for Taxes 30,000.00 Deposits 7,869,875.28 $9,977,735.49 $9,977,735.49 OFFICERS Henry S. Grew, 2d President Theophilus Parsons Vice-President George H. Perkins Cashier W. S. B. Stevens Assistant Cashier DIRECTORS George Dexter James R. Hooper Samuel B. Dana Francis W. Fabyan Nathaniel H. Emmons Philip Dexter Amory A. Lawrence Henry S. Grew, 2d Theophilus Parsons Philip Y. DeNokmandie William Farnsworth Ralph B. Williams Accounts Solicited [ 222 ] WRENN BROS. & CO. Stock Brokers BOSTON OFFICE, 84 State St. NEW YORK OFFICE, 24 Broad St. PHILADELPHIA OFFICE, Drexel Building Private wires between Offices and to principal Western Cities [ 223 ] Brown Brothers & Co. 60 STATE STREET Members Boston, New York and Philadelphia Stock Exchanges Investment Securities Foreign Exchange \ Letters of Credit ON Brown, Shipley & Co. 5 London [ 224 1 A Financial Courtship OR A Flea for Conservative Investments \ By Frank W. Rollins " T_T ON. Frank W. Rollins, ex-Governor of New Hampshire, has A A just issued from his banking house of E. H. Rollins & Sons, of Boston, a brochure that ought to be in the hands of every woman. It is called 'A Financial Courtship,' and as the author, Governor Rollins himself, states in his preface, was originally written at the suggestion of his stenographer, who spoke of the need that women have for a simple, concise book that will tell them all about in- vestments. " Governor Rollins puts his information in the form of a story, thus making it interesting reading. But, in addition, his facts and suggestions are clear-cut and eminently useful. He explains the meaning of a mortgage, a bond, corporation stock, municipal in- vestments, Government bonds and so on through the list of con- servative investments. Any woman who has money to invest or who is likely to inherit money which she will be called upon to invest will be well guided by this book. In fact, it would serve admirably as a text-book for young people of both sexes." Boston Journal. Copies of the above book will be furnished without cost on application to E. H. ROLLINS & SONS 21 Milk St., Boston [ 225 ] Historical Plates Seventy-three views on dessert plates (9-inch) engraved for us by Wedgwood from picturesque etchings, in genuine old blue Wedgwood, with foliage border; souvenirs of Boston and other historical points; the views in part are: The Public Library, Boston Trinity Church, Boston Mount Vernon, home of Washington Independence Hall, Philadelphia Elmicood, home of James Russell Low- ell Old North Church, Boston Mayflower in Plymouth Harbor Birthplace of Whittier Priscilla and John Alden Longfellow's House, Cambridge, Mass. The Battle on Lexington Common TJie Wayside Inn, Sudbury, Mass. George Washington (portrait) Abraham Lincoln (portrait) Tlieodore Roosevelt (portrait) Capitol, Washington, D. C. Faneuil Hall Harvard College Gate The price is six dollars per dozen, or fifty cents each. A single plate will be mailed in a safety mailing box, prepaid to any post-office in the United States, on receipt of 75 cents, P. O. order or stamps. A booklet of half-tone cuts of the series will be mailed free on request. Visitors will find in our Art Pottery Rooms — Dinner Set Department — Cut Glass Department — Lamp Department — Stock Pattern Department — and on the Main Floor extensive exhibits. In our Hotel and Club Department are extensive lines, adapted to Hotels, Clubs, Yachts, Boarding Houses, Hospitals, Public Institutions and Families. Full Outfits or Matehings, from the ordinary, through the medium cost up to the costly decorated banquet services, in stock ready for immediate delivery. Stock patterns of the several grades to replenish matehings from. Services of ehina and glass made to order with crest, monogram, &c, in either foreign or domestic ware, and we are not undersold on equal ware if we know it. Inspection and comparison invited. Jones, McDuffee & Stratton Co. Fine China, Glass and Lamps, Wholesale and Retail (Ten Floors) 33 Franklin Street, cor. Hawley Near Washington and Summer streets I 226 ] M Throughout the convention J! we shall have on exhibition at our salesroom, working outfits of card and fil- ing systems for physicians and for public and private hospitals. These records have reduced the keep- ing of physicians' and hospital records and accounts to the last point of simplicity and accuracy. They cut in two the time and labor required by book records. You are invited to see them. Library Bureau CARD AND FILING SYSTEMS 43 Federal Street, off Post Office Square [ 227 ] EVERY PHYSICIAN SHOULD POSSESS A Dennison Handy Box BECAUSE It contains in condensed form so many conveniences, the contents of our No. 60 (price, $. 75) being as follows : Baggage, Marking and Key Tags, Small Strung Tags, Postal Labels, Bottle Labels, Transparent Tape, Suspension Rings, Pa- tent Clips, Rubber Bands, Twine, Glue in Patent Tube. We have the testimony of many first-class practitio7iers that the Dennison Handy Box is indispensable. Our store is replete with similar attractive articles. You are invited to inspect them. DENNISON MFG. CO., 26 Franklin Street, Boston SIDE TRIPS TO NEW YORK VIA JOY LINE EVERY WEDNESDAY AT 5 p.m. A 24-HOUR OCEAN TRIP Every week-day via Providence at 5.03 p.m., arriving in New York the following morning. Ask for information. 'Phone: Main 232 J^ CITY TICKET OFFICE CORNER STATE AND WASHINGTON STS. [ 228 ] Two New Books by William Osier COUNSELS AND IDEALS FROM HIS WRITINGS " This little book is worth getting and worth reading. We commend it most heartily to doctors and medical students in the first place, but scarcely less to the intelligent laity." Westminster Gazette. $1.25, net. Postpaid, $1.36. SCIENCE AND IMMORTALITY " We can recommend this volume not only for its literary charm, but also for the thoughtful and suggestive discussion of the comforting conception of immortality from the standpoint of the scientific physician." Lancet, London. 85 cents, net. Postpaid, 91 cents. Memoirs of Two Famous Physicians HENRY INGERSOLL BOWDITCH BY V. Y. BOWDITCH " A delightful story of a noble and beauti- ful life, vividly and charmingly arranged and told for the most part in Dr. Bowditch's own words. Strength, truth, courage and religious faith fill his journals, which often show also eloquence, dramatic power and literary grace." Boston Medical and Sur- gical Journal. 2 vols. Illustrated. $5.00, net. Postpaid, $5.44. DR. JAMES JACKSON BY JAMES J. PUTNAM " As a record of old Newburyport and of Bos- ton during two thirds of the nineteenth cen- tury, with its intimate view of the growth of the medical profession, its glimpses of Harvard and of many well-known persons, the memoir has interest for more than the immediate members of the Clan Jackson." Harvard Graduates'' Magazine. Illustrated. $2.50, net. Postpaid, $2.67. Latest Exposition of Subconscious Functioning The Subconscious BY JOSEPH JASTROW A popular and interesting study of normal and abnormal subconscious activities including dream experiences, the actions of drugs, of hypnotic conditions, of trance-states, and the dissolution of personality in hysterical and allied disorders. The author is professor of psy- chology in the University of Wisconsin. $2.50, net. Postpaid, $2.66. "LITERARY LANDMARKS: A Visitors Guide to Points of Literary Interest in and about Boston " is invaluable to any one desiring to make a literary pilgrimage about Boston. With pictures of authors' 1 homes. Paper, 25 cents, net, postpaid; cloth, 35 cents, net, postpaid. HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN & COMPANY THE BOOKROOM, 4 PARK ST., BOSTON [ 229 WARD'S BOSTON FINE STATIONERY WRITING PAPER AND ENVELOPES " Boston Linen " " Krash " Boston Bond " " Sa waco ' ' " Bunker Hill " " Mistral " " Puro " Photo Albums " A Line a Day " Books Records for five years on each page '"' Puro " Post Card Albums Guest Books Inventory Books Address Books " Happenings in our Home " WARD'S BOSTON 57-63 Franklin Street FIRE AND MARINE INSURANCE BOSTON $ Insurance Company Capital paid in One Million Dollars Net Surplus Two Million Dollars RANSOM B. FULLER President Don t fail to see the Allison Exhibit OF PHYSICIANS' OFFICE EQUIPMENT at the American Medical Association W. D. ALLISON COMPANY BOSTON OFFICE INDIANAPOLIS 100 BOYLSTON ST. "The Belmont" Natural Spring Water ^ ^ ^ THE Belmont Natural Spring Water has the Unanimous Indorsement of our Most Eminent Physicians regarding its remarkable purity and ex- cellence as a drinking water. The Belmont Spring Water Company GEO. PL COTTON & SONS, 71 Chestnut Street, Boston, Mass. [ 230 ] New England Mutual Life Insurance Company BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS Chartered, 1835 W The Oldest, Largest and Strongest Massachusetts Company Assets $40,702,691.55 Liabilities 36,600,270.95 Surplus $4,102,420.60 A Purely Mutual Company Paying Annual Distributions of Surplus Benj. F. Stevens President Alfred D. Foster Vice-President D. F. Appel Secretary Wm. B. Turner Asst. Secretary Herbert B. Dow Actuary Edwin W. Dwight, M.D. Medical Director [ 231 ] THE STATE MUTUAL LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS Was incorporated in 18£4< and is, therefore, one of the OLDEST LIFE INSURANCE COMPANIES IN AMERICA Its business is conducted strictly upon the MUTUAL PLAN NO STOCK NO STOCKHOLDERS It is managed solely in the interests of its policy-holders c Writes all desirable forms of LIFE AND ENDOWMENT POLICIES PAYS DIVIDENDS ANNUALLY which will bear comparison with those of any Company which issues policies EMBODYING THE SAME ADVANTAGES c Does not write Tontine Insurance in any form [ 232 ] The Products of the Phillips Laboratories have been so well known and employed for so many years, they require but little notice here. There will be interesting demonstra- tions at our exhibit. THE CHAS. H. PHILLIPS CHEMICAL CO. NEW YORK AND LONDON THOMAS Catgut Sterility and Strength Surgical Dressing Specialties Visit our Laboratory F. H. Thomas Company 707 Boylston Street Boston, Mass. [ 233 ] Fairchild Bros. & Foster will be pleased to meet the Members of The American Medical Association at their Exhibit in MECHANICS HALL, SPACE NO. 14. 3323 033 [ 234 ] BOSTON COLLEGE 3 9031 01605931 3 DATE DUE IAN I * l$9l \i\\Ni \ ' ■ C."" * " T JUN 16 1999 IPR 1 1 : 1( )01 .... L__ — -" "" - . - - 1 r , .. I ......... OAVLORO T I 1 PRINT60 II* U.S.A.