God siFted a whole ration that He nii?bUei?d choice grain over into this wilderness,” 7 C ( Gov.StQUCHTo.vs Election sermon. 1668 .) GQV.Stou MTCI F 74 4 ^ 47 = b^nZ) AUG 1 6 1^2 BOSTON COLLEGE LIBRAftV QBESINUT Q246? TO &U Citizens of Wilton WHO REPRESENT THE EARLY FAMILIES OF THE TOWN, AND TO THEIR DESCENDANTS EVERYWHERE, THESE PAGES ARE RESPECTFULLY INSCRIBED. ACTION OF THE TOWN. Voted, That Albert K. Teele , Janies M. Robbins , Charles Breck , and Edmund J. Baker be a committee for procuring the 'writing and publishing a History of the Town. March 3, 1884. ORGANIZATION OF THE COMMITTEE. March sK'«» »»i^W to*f» *i .Wv »)i * ■■« »ntt«>»Vi» "S*V»*> * 4 V Vt«* 0 V\. MS WJAW *«4* 9MK.Ki A&99^Ml'<£'(t »VfcVl-A s-.:s •tVto-vujO « A%»u**- 5 «**k ma as. Mf*X AVimvteM* .liJL xa .ViiiuVt tUiV y.SA AWiiXtoft* Si* , OWNERS AND OCCUPANTS OF HOUSES. 63. John Crehore, J. A. Crehore, Jonathan Mann. 64. Wm. Crehore, - Frankstan, B. White, D. H. Elkins, Heirs D. H. Elkins, C. G. Kennedy. John Homans. 65. Benj. White, D. II. Elkins, Heirs D. H. Elkins, G. G. Kennedy. 66. E. Davenport, G. G. Kennedy. 67. R. D. Tucker, E. Tufts, J. 0. Shaw, G. G. Kennedy. 67* G. G. Kennedy. 68. Isaac Davenport, I. D. Hayward. Heirs I. D. Hayward. 69. Isaac Davenport, I. D. Hayward, Heirs I. D. Hayward, G. C. Partlow. 69'. I. D. Hayward, Heirs I. D. Hayward. 70. Wm. Davenport, Miss A. E. Davenport, R. H. Stevenson. 71. R. H. Stevenson. 72. R. H. Stevenson, Farm House. 101 ffii! 102 HISTORY OF MILT OH. CHAPTER Y. MILTON HILL. T HE township of Milton presents an undulating surface broken by valleys of moderate depth, and rising into nu¬ merous summits, of which Milton Hill, Brush Hill and the Blue Hills are the principal. Milton Hill occupies the north-eastern portion of the town. Rising by a gradual ascent from the southerly shore of the Neponset river, and from the marsh adjoining the river, it reaches the height of one hundred and thirty-eight feet above mean tide, nearly opposite the residence of Mr. J. Murray Forbes, and from this point gradually descends to the plain of East Milton, called in early days “ Crane’s Plain,” and later “ Pierce’s Plain.” MILTON HILL. 103 The scenic beauty of Milton Hill can hardly be surpassed. From the summit, and along the easterly slope, is seen the river winding through the marshes, which its inflowing tide often covers, and converts into an inland sea. Villages and turrets, in¬ terspersed with patches of forest growth, appear on every hand; while near and far the waters of the harbor and bay, stretching north and south towards the ocean, gemmed with islands, and alive with the activities of commerce, combine to make up a picture which the eye never wearies in beholding. Rare is the traveller over this hill who is not held enraptured by the scene. >ii?UndV,'ew rrotyCburcblii Hoik The westerly slope presents scenery scarcely less picturesque. Academy Hill, from which rise the spires of the Milton churches, and the lower range of the Blue Hills crowned with forests, with the interlaying valley of green fields and cultivated lands, form a striking picture. On this bold outlook the Indian built his wigwam. And here the first settlers erected their dwellings. In the year 1634? a bridge was built over the river near the mill; and from this time the travel was especially directed over Milton Hill. At first, and for more than twenty years, the way was only a bridle-path or common drift-way without definite boun¬ daries except as the first adventurers could find the easiest pas- 104 HISTORY OF MILTON. sage. The principal evidence goes to show that this first bridge was but a foot-bridge, and that all other passage of the river was by the ford near the bridge, or by the ferries. FERRIES. To accommodate the travel between the Bay and Plymouth Colonies the General Court ordered in 1635 that John Holman should keep a ferry at Neponset between the Captain’s Point and Mr. Newbury’s Creek. Again, in 1638 Bray Wilkins, of Unquity, received a license from the General Court to run a ferry-boat from a point of land between Granite and Neponset bridges called “ The Ridge,” (now plainly seen) to Davenport’s creek, for which he was to receive a penny a person. Not till the year 1654 was a definite road laid out from Braintree (now Quincy) to Roxbury over Milton Hill, and in the direct line which it now occupies. Thus for the long period of one hundred and seventy years, or until the opening of Neponset bridge in 1805, the road over Milton Hill was the great thoroughfare for travel between Boston and all points south, embracing the whole of Plymouth County. NEW INHABITANTS. The precinct inhabitants of whom mention is made in a pre¬ vious chapter, were followed by valuable accessions to our numbers from Braintree and Dorchester. Most of these settled in the easterly part of the territory near this road. They were doubtless brought into this section from consideration of safety, and of social and neighborly intercourse; and also from its proximity to the water, and to the open and cleared lands by the marshes, and the “ Indian fields ” along the route from the Bay to the Plymouth Colonies. Several of the inhabitants in this neighborhood, it is known, were engaged at some point on the river in building the “ shallops” then in use. Among those thus occupied were William Salsbury, Anthony Newton, Walter Morey and Nicholas Ellen. Exemption from taxation, and free trade with all the world, stimulated greatly this enterprise throughout the Colony. Here was one of the public landing-places of the town. An¬ other landing-place was located at that point on the river after¬ wards occupied by the Badcock and Briggs shipyard. This was found unsuitable, the approach thereto being difficult by reason of the steep and winding road, and on petition of John Gill, in 1658, it was changed to its present site near the bridge. MILTON HILL. 105 Among the new inhabitants were Stephen Kinsley, An¬ thony Gulliver, and Henry Crane. STEPHEN KINSLEY. Stephen Kinsley received a grant of land at Mount Wollas¬ ton in 1639. He was one of six members who formed the Church at Braintree. He signed the Church covenant at its formation and was appointed Ruling Elder. He represented Braintree at the General Court before moving to Unquity. In 1656 he purchased a large tract of land of Hutchinson, in con¬ nection with his son-in-law, Anthony Gulliver. He was one of the three petitioners for the incorporation of Milton in 1662, and drew the petition. He was the first representative of the town to the General Court in 1666, and a trustee of the Church in 1664. He is generally spoken of as Elder Kinsley, but is some¬ times styled.Rev. Stephen Kinsley, although never ordained to the ministry. The record of this excellent man is worthy of particular notice. He was a man of strong religious character, and of decided ability. In the trials and conflicts of the early residents he seems to have been the guide and comforter. Years before the corporate existence of Milton, or the establishment of a Church, he conducted religious services on the Sabbath with his friends and neighbors in the little meeting-house, and con¬ tinued the duty several years after incorporation. We have no knowledge of the exact date of his removal to Unquity; it is, however, natural to conclude that he came with his sons-in-law, Anthony Gulliver and Henry Crane. His house was on the hill, a little to the east of the residence of Cornelius Babcock, on the north side of Adams street. The cellar was filled up by Mr. Babcock, the present owner of the estate. Within a few years a spring of water remarkably pure and excellent has been discovered between the cellar and the street, where the pump now stands. This spring, though long covered by the soil of the hill, was found walled up, and with steps carefully laid, to facilitate its use to the early inhabitants. In his will, proved 1673, he mentions the children of his de¬ ceased sons Samuel, John, and three daughters. ANTHONY GULLIVER. Anthony Gulliver was born in 1619, and died in Milton Nov. 28,1706, aged 87 years. He removed from Braintree to Un quity in 1646. He bought land of Edward and Richard Hutchinson, sons and heirs of Richard Hutchinson, bounded 106 HISTORY OF MILTON. north by Gulliver’s creek, to which he gave the name. He married Elenor, daughter of Stephen Kinsley, and had five sons and four daughters. Lydia, b. 1651, m. Jas. Leonard; Samuel, b. 1653, d. 1676 ; Jonathan, b. Oct. 27,1659; Stephen, b. 1663; John, b. Dec. 3, 1669; Hannah, m. Tucker ; Mary, m. Atherton ; Elizabeth, b. Nov. 6, 1671; Nathaniel, b. Nov. 10, 1675, m. Hanna Billings. His house, built on Squantum street, on the north side of the brook, was taken down about thirty-eight years ago. The imported brick used in the chimney bore date of 1680. This house was known later as the Rawson house, — David Rawson having married into the Gulliver family. At an early date Anthony Gulliver came into possession of a large tract of land in the central part of the town, most of which is now embraced in the estate of Col. H. S. Russell. This land was long owned and occupied by the Gulliver family, and here or on land adjacent thereto some of his descendants have lived ever since. His second son, Lieut. Jonathan Gulliver, one of the lead¬ ing men of his day, married Theodora, daughter of Rev. Peter Thacher, Milton’s first pastor. Anthony Gulliver was the progenitor of a long line of solid and trustworthy men and women, who have been conspicuous in the history of the Church and Town of Milton, holding many of the important offices, and faithfully meeting the trusts im¬ posed on them for nearly two centuries. The family is still represented among our citizens. This name appears under various forms of spelling, as: Caliphar, Colliford, Cullifer, Gull- wer, Gouliver, Gulliwer, Gullifer, Gulliver. gulliver’s travels. It is said that Dean Swift received the suggestion of his “ Gulliver’s Travels ” from one of this family. Capt. Lemuel Gulliver, who, according to James M. Robbins, once lived at Algerine Corner, returned to Ireland in 1723, and described the country and its productions and resources to his neighbor, Jona¬ than Swift, in the most extravagant and high-wrought colors ; in which line of description he was favored with especial gifts. The frogs, he declared, reached up to his knees, and had musical voices like the twang of a guitar, and the mosquitoes had bills as large as darning-needles ; from these and similar exaggerated stories, the fertile mind of the great writer conceived and wrought out the famous “ Gulliver’s Travels,” which appeared MILTON HILL. 107 in 1726, exhibiting a singular “union of misanthropy, satire, irony, ingenuity, and humor.” There is a letter of Pope to Swift, dated 23d March, 1727-8 [Bishop Warburton’s Ed. 1766, Yol. 9, 76], as follows: — I send you a very odd thing, a paper printed in Boston in N.E. wherein you’ll find areal person, a member of their Parliament of the name of Jona¬ than Gulliver. The accident is very singular that the two names 'should be united. Our Jonathan Gulliver represented the town of Milton at the General Court in 1727, and received his name in 1659, before either of the wits was born; although Pope facetiously adds that perchance he was an Ana-Baptist, — not christened till of full age. DAVID RAWS ON. The Anthony Gulliver house passed into the hands of David Rawson, son of William and Anne [Glover] Rawson, who was son of Secretary Edward Rawson. David Rawson married the daughter of Capt. Jonathan Gulliver, and obtained the prop¬ erty through his father-in-law. David Rawson was horn 1683, and died in Milton 1759. His son I}avid represented Milton at the General Court 1774, and was a member of the Provincial Congress at Salem 1775. He was a prominent and important man in the town during the eventful years of the Revolution. His name often appears as Moderator of those town-meetings when great principles were asserted and main¬ tained. He died in Milton 1790, aged 76 years. HENRY CRANE. Henry Crane was born in England 1621, and died in Milton March 21, 1709, age 85 years. He married, first, in England, Tabitha-; and, second, Elizabeth Kinsley, in Unquity, 1655; she was the daughter of Stephen Kinsley. He had ten children: Henry, b. 1656 ; Benjamin, b. 1657 ; Stephen ; John, b. 1659; Elizabeth, b. Aug. 14, 1663; Ebenezer, b, Aug. 10, 1665; Anna, C. M. 1687; Mary, b. Nov. 21, 1666; Mercy, b. Jan. 1, 1668; Samuel, b. June 8, 1669. Henry Crane was an iron-worker. His house was situated on the north side of Adams street at East Milton, in the rear and between the houses of Wm. Q. Baxter and E. B. Andrews ; at a later date the Pierce house was built between the Crane house and the street. 108 HISTORY OF MILTON. The open plain in that section was called Crane’s Plain. He may have been engaged as part owner or workman in the iron foundry established on Furnace brook., Quincy, in 1643. Bog ore for these works was found in the low land east of his house, and in various places in Milton. His children were born in Milton, enjoying only the early and common advantages of a farmer’s home, and the simple education of a small country town ; and yet in the stern encounter with the dark and troublous times in which they lived they evinced a spirit of real patriot¬ ism. Benjamin, the second of the ten children, when only eigh¬ teen years of age, enlisted in the company of Captain Johnson, King Philip’s war, and was severely wounded in the desperate battle of Narragansett Swamp, Dec. 19, 1675. Ebenezer Crane, the sixth of the family, in December, 1698, when twenty years of age, married Mary Tolman, daughter of Thomas Tolman, of Dorchester. In August, 1690, he enlisted in the Dorchester and Milton company of seventy-five men, with Sir William Phips’ disastrous expedition to Quebec. Of the two thousand comprising the land force, two hundred were lost, and of the two hundred, forty-six belonged to this company. Ebenezer Crane was one of the twenty-nine that returned. Abijah, the twelfth child of Ebenezer, was born in Milton, Nov. 2,1714. He.married, first, Sarah Field, of Braintree; and, second, Sarah Beverly. His third son was John, born in Milton, Dec. 7,1744. In 1759 his father, Abijah, was drafted as a soldier in the French war, but being a sickly man, John, then but fifteen years old, went in his father’s stead and was commended for bravery. In 1769 John Crane assisted Gilbert Deblois in planting the “ Paddock Elms,” which came from Mr. Robbins’ farm on Brush Hill. In 1767 he was in Boston, where he lived eighteen years on Tremont, opposite Hollis street. In 1773 he was one of the ‘f Boston Tea Party,” and the only man wounded. In 1774 he was commissioned Lieutenant of Artillery in R. I. In 1775 he marched on Boston with the Rhode Island army. He was one of the party with Maj. Joseph Yose that burned Boston Light; 1776, he assisted in the siege of Boston at Cambridge and Dorchester Heights, as Major in Knox artillery; August, he was at the battle of Brooklyn; September, he lost a portion of his foot by a cannon shot from the “Rose” frigate in the East river, and nearly died of lock-jaw; December, he was in Boston building powder- mills ; 1777, he was appointed Colonel of the new Massachu¬ setts regiment, Colonel Knox regiment reorganized; he was at the battles of Monmouth, Brandywine, Germantown, and Red Bank; 1780, he took part in the unsuccessful pursuit MILTON HILL. 109 of Benedict Arnold; 1783, he was commissioned Brigadier- General. He died at Whiting, Me., Aug. 21, 1805. CRANE MEMORIAL HALL, QTJINCY. In the central part of Quincy may be seen a stately and beautiful building, erected for the benefit of the town in 1881 by the fa mil y of the third Thomas Crane, who was of the fifth generation in direct descent from Henry Crane, of Milton. It is called the “ Crane Memorial Hall.” Located about two miles from the ancestral home, it stands a fitting memorial of this worthy and excellent family, whose branches have spread out through this whole section and more or less oyer the entire country. GOVERNOR JONATHAN BELCHER. At a later period the neighborhood of these families was en¬ livened by the advent among them of Gov. Jonathan Belcher. Governor Belcher was son of Andrew Belcher, of Cambridge, bom Jan. 8, 1681; graduated at Harvard College 1699; and died at Elizabethtown, N. J., Aug. 31, 1757. He travelled abroad for many years; became a merchant in Boston; and was soon conspicuous in political life. In 1728 he went, as agent of the Province, to England, and while there was commissioned by the King, whose acquaintance he had formed while he was Hanoverian Prince, as Governor of Massachusetts, Jan. 8, 1729-30. He was sent home on the “ Blanford,” man-of-war, and was welcomed at Boston with great rejoicing. 1 The picture of Governor Belcher here presented is from a painting in oil by Liopoldt, the property of the Massachusetts Historical Society. 1 Governor Belcher arrived at Castle William (now Fort Independence) Saturday night, Aug. 8, 1730. He attended divine service at Castle William on the Sabbath and landed Monday morning at the end of Long wharf. Turrets and Balconies were hung with carpets, and almost every vessel was blazoned with a rich variety of colors. Between the hours of ten and eleven, His Excellency was pleased to embark for the place of his wonted residence, with a great number of Boats and Pinnaces, to attend him, while his Majestys Cannon were playing to inform the Town of his approach. Several Standards and Ensigns were erected on the top of Fort Hill and at Clarks Wharffe at the north part of the Town; and a number of cannon planted, which were all handsomely discharged at the arrival of His Excellency, and followed with such hurras as inspired the whole town : the bells all ringing on the joyful occasion. While the pomp was making its orderly procession, the guns which were bursting in every part of the Town were answered, in mild and rumbling peals, by the Artillery of Heaven which intro¬ duced a refreshing shower that succeeded a very dry season. From the Court House His Excellency was conducted by his Civil and Military Attend¬ ants to a Splendid Entertainment at the “ Bunch of Grapes” and after dinner to his own pleasant and beautiful seat. —New England Weekly Journal , Aug. n, 1730. 110 HISTORY OF MILTON. During his residence in Europe Governor Belcher formed an in¬ timate acquaintance with Dr. Isaac Watts, the poet, who com¬ memorated the appointment of his friend to this honorable posi¬ tion by a very beautiful ode, which we copy in full from the “New England Weekly Journal ” of Aug. 3, 1730. To his Excellency Jonathan Belcher, Esq., in London, Appointed by Ms Majesty King George II. to the Government of New England, on his return home. Go favourite man : Spread to the winds thy sails ; The western ocean smiles; the eastern gales, Attend thy hour. Ten thousand vows arise, T’ensure for Thee, the waves, for thee the skies. And waft thee homeward. On thy Native Strand Thy Nation throngs to hail thy Bark to Land. She sent thee Envoy to secure her Laws, And her lov’d Freedom, Heaven succeed the Cause, And make thee Euler there. Thy name unites Thy Princes Honors, and thy Peoples Rights. Twice has thy Zeal been to thy Sovereign shown, In German Realms, while yet the British Throne, Sigh’d for the House of Brunswick; There thy knee Paid its first debt to future Majesty, And own’d the Title, ere the Crown had shed Its radiant Honors, round the Royal Fathers head. Long has thy Nation loved thee; Sage in youth, In manhood nobly bold and firm to Truth; Shining in arts of Peace ; yet ’midst a Storm Skillful t’ advise, and vigorous to perform ; Kind to the world, and duteous to the Skies, Distress and want to thee direct their eyes; Thy life a public Good. What heavenly Ray, What courteous Spirit, pointed out the way, To make New Albion blest, when George the Just Gave up the Joyful Nation to thy Trust? Great George rewards thy Zeal in happy hour With a bright Beam of his Imperial Power. Go Belcher Go !; Assume thy glorious Sway; Faction expires, and Boston longs t’obey. Beneath thy Rule may Truth and Virtue spread, Divine Religion raise aloft her head, And deal her Blessings round. Let India hear, That Jesus reigns, and her wild Tribes prepare, For Heavenly Joys. Thy Power shall rule by Love ; So reigns our Jesus in his Realms above. Illustrious Pattern! Let Him fix thine Eye, And guide thine Hand. He from the world on high, Came once an Envoy, and returned a King : The Sons of Light in throngs their Homage bring While Glory, Life and Joy beneath his Sceptre Spring. March 31 , 1730 . I. Watts. 110 During his timate acqua memorated t tion by a ve “ New Engh To his Excellency Go favourite man : Sptfejid tp the wind- • Attend thy hour. Ten thousand vyum-ari T J ensure for Thee, the vqiVes, forth*'- tl- And waft thee homeward. On thy'Native S -,*.m Thy Nation throngs to hail thy Baric aiiW' She sent thee Envoy to secure WLa^s, And her lov’d Freedom, HeavehVmuie6(l And make thee Ruler thqrfc. Thy name unit#* Thy Princes Honors, and th&Peopics .Right-. March 31 I. Watts. MILTON HILL. Ill Governor Belcher purchased the Holman estate situated on the south-westerly side of Adams street, now owned in part by Mrs. A. H. Payson, between the years 1728 and 1780. This was his suburban residence during the term of eleven years in which he was governor of this Province. His advent here, at nearly the same time with Provincial Treasurer Foye, who was nephew of the governor, changed in no small degree the char¬ acter of this portion of the town. He projected large improve¬ ments on his lands ; and in preparing to build his mansion, an avenue fifty feet or more in width, and an eighth of a mile long, was graded and finished from the hill, where the mansion was to stand, to the street. And this work he required to be exe¬ cuted with so great nicety and precision that friends and visitors on their first entrance upon the avenue might “ see the gleaming of his gold kneebuckles ” as he stood on the distant piazza. The outline of the avenue is now plainly visible south of the brook on the south-westerly side of Adams street. Near the head of the avenue a barn was built, but the plan for the mansion was never carried out. The work of grading was accomplished by the Provincial troops, which were marched out to his Milton lands by regi¬ ments on drill and fatigue duty. A regiment moved from Bos¬ ton on Monday, camped on his grounds for the week, and were relieved by a second regiment for the subsequent week. The necessary retinue of servants; the showy equipage attendant, in those times, on high official station; the move¬ ment of soldiers; the coming and going of messengers; and the formal and informal visits of officials and ambassadors, which are sure to follow so important a person, even to his retirement, — all these gave unwonted life and importance to the hitherto quiet town. 1 The governor seems not to have been averse to the customary parade; his costume was fully up to the requirement of the times. In portraits now extant he ap¬ pears with the Colonial wig ; velvet coat and waistcoat decked with rich gold lace; lace ruffles at the neck and wrists; with the attendant small clothes and low shoes, adorned with gold knee and shoe buckles. His person and presence were grace¬ ful and pleasing. He was a man of society and of affairs, and spent his money with an elegant liberality. Official duties kept the governor for a greater part of the 1 In May, 1740, Governor Belcher’s servant ran away and was thus advertised : — “ The Governor’s Negro Juha having absented himself, it is desired who ever may find him would convey him home. He had on when he went away a Gold laced Hat, a Cinnamon colored Coat with large flat brass buttons, and cuffed with red Cloth, a dark colored Waist-coat edged with a worsted Lace, leather Breeches, yarn Stockings, a pair of trimmed Pumps, with a very large pair of flowered Brass Buckles.” 112 HISTORY OF MILTON. time at head-quarters in Boston ; and yet he failed not to iden¬ tify himself, in some measure, with the people and the interests of Milton. Here was his church home ; and when at his coun¬ try-seat on the Lord’s Day, he attended worship in his own town, and in communion with his fellow-citizens. The conven¬ tional decorum of colonial days extended even to the place of religious worship, where the pews were formally assigned, according to rank and family, by a committee annually ap¬ pointed at the town-meeting. Our town records point out the exact position of his pew. “Aug. 20, 1739. Yoteclto give liberty for the exchanging the present Ministerial Pew being the first oirtne easterly side of the southerly doors, for that which belongs to the estate of his Excellency Governor Belcher, being the tenth, the third on the westerly end of the "Pulpit, and that the late Ministerial Pew so exchanged remain to his Excellency Governor Belcher’s Estate on the same footing as the rest of the pews in our meet¬ ing house. Nehemiah Clap, Town Clerk.” MILE-STONES. Governor Belcher set up a line of mile-stones from the Town House in Boston, to his Milton estate. A platway drawn by James Blake, indicating the position and line of these stones is in the possession of Edmund J. Baker. One of the Belcher stones is now built into the wall on the easterly side of Adams street, near the avenue to Col. O. W. Peabody’s mansion, marked thus : “ 8 Miles to B. Town House. The lower way. 1734.” Another stone, but not of the Belcher line, is seen near the residence of Hon. J. M. Churchill marked thus: “B. 7. 1722”; and a third on the same side of Adams street near the house of Mr. C. E. C. Breck, marked thus: “B. 8. 1728.” The two stones of 1722 and 1723 must have been placed by some other agency, as Governor Belcher was not interested in Milton at so early a date. The stone near Colonel Peabody’s is the only one of his line now appearing in Milton. Another Belcher stone origi¬ nally stood a few feet north of the avenue to Mrs. Payson’s house. There is a stone of the same line built into the wall on the south side of Adams street, Dorchester, a few rods from the end of Richmond street, and others may be found at points nearer Boston. Paul Dudley placed a line of mile-stones from Boston through Roxbury to the Dorchester line, the last of which, marked P. D., now stands in the sidewalk on the north side of Blue Hill ave¬ nue near its junction with Warren street. These were continued MILTON HILL. 113 by some agency through Dorchester. One is seen near School street, Dorchester, and another a mile nearer Milton, by Fuller street. This line was extended into Milton. One is near Judge Churchill’s; the last is the stone near Mr. Breck’s at East Milton. A mile farther east, in Quincy, near the Newcomb estate, is an¬ other stone, marked “ B. 9. J. N. 1730.,” and these way-marks may have extended even to Plymouth, on this old way, which was then the only route to Boston. Governor Belcher held office for eleven years, 1730-1741, and was succeeded by Gov. William Shirley May 16, 1741. He went to England again in 1744, and in 1747 was made governor of New Jersey, an office which he filled till his death, Aug. 31,1757. While in New Jersey he was especially interested in the foun¬ dation of Princeton College; he secured its charter 1754, and ren¬ dered valuable service to that institution. He married, 1706, Mary, daughter of Lieut. Gov. Wm. Par¬ tridge, of New Hampshire, who died in 1736; and as second wife, in 1748, Mrs. Teal, of London, who survived her husband, and at his decease removed to his Milton estate. His son Andrew continued to reside on the Milton, estate after his father’s removal from Milton. He married Miss Teal, daughter of his father’s second wife. He was of Harvard Col¬ lege, 1724. He represented the town at the General Court from 1759 to 1764; was register of Probate for Suffolk 1739-1754; was a member of the Council 1765-7; and died here Jan. 24, 1771, aged 65 years. On the 27th of January, 1776, the Belcher house was burned. Jan. 28, 1776. Yesterday afternoon Madam Belcher’s house at Milton was destroyed by fire. I hear she saved her furniture and effects. — Diary of Ezekiel Price. Madam Belcher and the widow of Andrew, the only occu¬ pants of the house at the time, passed the winter with their friends, the Miss Murrays, on Brush Hill, in the Robbins house. The work of rebuilding was at once commenced, and the house, now owned and occupied by Mrs. Payson, was completed the next summer, which gives it an antiquity of one hundred and eleven years. Madam Belcher soon after died, and the younger Mrs. Bel¬ cher removed to England. ROWE FAMILY. The Belcher estate then passed into the hands of John Rowe, Esq., a prominent and wealthy merchant of Boston, with whose descendants it still remains. 114 HISTORY OF MILTON. At his decease the personal estate descended by will to his widow, also the use and income of the real estate during her life. At the death of the widow the real estate passed by will to the children of his brother Jacob. Jacob, with his family, took possession of the Milton property, and he became a resident of the town, where he died, in 1814. He had two sons, John and Joseph, and three daughters. John Rowe died May 24, 1812, leaving two sons, John and George, and three daughters, Mrs. Webster, Mrs. White, and Mrs. Payson, the youngest of whom, Mrs. Payson, alone survives and occupies the Rowe house. Joseph Rowe, Esq., died in Milton March, 1856, aged 86 years. He was a lawyer by profession, acute and well-read. The weight of his influence was brought to bear freely and uni¬ formly in support of the true and the right among his fellow- citizens. Possessed of a large estate he had a larger heart, ever open to the wants of those less favored. Goldsmith’s lines were very fittingly repeated at his funeral: “ His home was known to all the vagrant train ; He chid their wanderings but relieved their pain. Thus, to relieve the wretched was his pride, And e’en his failings leaned to virtue’s side.” Josejrh Rowe, in his will, bequeathed the sum of one thousand dollars in trust to the minister and deacons of the First Evan¬ gelical Church of Milton, for the benefit of the poor of Milton, the interest of which is annually distributed among the poor of the town. Mary Rowe, who died Jan. 11, 1852, four years before her brother Joseph, bequeathed a like sum in the same trust, and for the same purpose. Each of these benefactors “being dead yet speaketh” with kindly and sympathizing words to the poor, who are “ always with us.” WILLIAM FOYE. Provincial Treasurer William Foye was born in Charlestown 1681, and died in Milton March 21, 1759, aged 78 years. He had three children. William, graduated at Harvard 1785 ; died at Halifax 1771. Mary, married Rev. Samuel Cooper of Brattle Street Church, and died in 1775. Miss Elizabeth Foye died at Milton, Oct. 10, 1807, aged 89 years. Dr. Samuel Gardner, Harvard, 1746, married Mrs. Cooper’s daughter Mary; he died Jan. 18, 1778, and she died June 24, 1778. Mrs. John Amory was daughter of Dr. Gardner. The mother of Treasurer Foye was sister of Governor Belcher. He bought the Daniels estate in Milton and built on the site of the old Daniels house. The MILTON HILL. 115 deed is recorded with. Suffolk Deeds, Lib. 45, November, 1733. His house, a large old English mansion, and one of the finest in the colony, was built in 1734. A picture of the Foye house is here given in connection with the house of Theodore R. Glover, built on the same site, one hundred and fifty years later. Here Mrs. Foye, who survived her husband, continued to reside. During the war she left Milton because of her sympathy with her friend and neighbor, Governor Hutchinson, and removed to Stoughton, returning to the old homestead after peace was declared. In her absence from Milton her house was occupied by Rufus Pierce, the father of Mrs. Samuel Littlefield. Mr. Pierce had just married Elizabeth, daughter of Josiah How. He had begun to build the cottage next the East Milton railroad station, but abandoned it because of the war. After Mrs. Foye’s return he finished his house and lived there during his life, for many years keeping tavern. A deed of the Foye estate was given by John Gardner to Daniel Briggs, Sept. 24,1805. As Mrs. Foye’s granddaughter, Mary Cooper, married Dr. Samuel Gardner, the presumption is that it remained in the family until that time. SAMUEL LITTLEFIELD. For fifty years the Foye house was the home of Mr. Samuel Littlefield and family. He occupied the house from 1824; pur¬ chased the estate of the heirs of Daniel Briggs in 1829, and lived there until his death in 1874, at the age of 95 years. After the death of Miss Sarah Littlefield, in 1877, it passed out of the family. The old house 1 was taken down in 1879, and upon the spot now stands the beautiful villa owned and oc¬ cupied by Theodore R. Glover. This is the third house built upon this site since the settlement of Milton. 1 The following lines, taken from the “ Boston Transcript,” were written by a member of the Littlefield family after a visit to the deserted old house. THE OLD HOMESTEAD. An old colonial house; it stood In grandeur once respected; Our home for fifty years, now stands, With walls and grounds neglected. The large old rooms with ceilings low, In which we tread so faintly; The solemn echoes through its walls, Where carvings gleam so quaintly: — The sunbeams, dimly through the panes The dark, old wainscots lighting: — The chimney swallows on its hearth, New homes with old uniting: — 116 HISTORY OF MILTON. NOTABLE EVENTS. This is a noted and memorable spot. In the first house built here, Catherine Grenaway, wife of William Daniels, was accustomed to gather the Indians living on the hill, and in various parts of the town, for their enlightenment and instruc¬ tion. This was continued for three years, 1650-3, until its beneficial influence and effect attracted official notice, as ap¬ pears by the following record: —- On September 24th, 1653, at the meeting of the Commissioners of the United Colonies holden at Boston, recorded. Having learned that the wife of William Daniels hath for three years past bestowed much of her time in teaching several Indians to read," think fit to allow her £12, for the time past; and to encourage her to continue the same course, that more of the Indians may be taught by her, think fit to allow her £3 more, before hand, towards another year. WHITFIELD. In the summer of 1771, on the first day of September, George Whitfield preached under a large elm in front of the Foye house. The friends of Whitfield endeavored to secure the meet¬ ing-house for this service, but Rev. Mr. Robbins, in concert with many of the clergy of that day, was reluctant to yield to The fresh, unkept green lawn, with shade And sunshine covered over, Where lay the budding prairie rose, Down weeping in the clover. And where the belle-of-Baltimore Her grief to earth confiding, The myrtle, ’neath her bending form Its modest blossoms hiding: — Where columbine and flower-de-luce, As if with life to rally, Are struggling in the thick tall grass, With lilies of the valley. Here generations come and go : It waits in calm reposing; The joys, the hopes, the griefs of all, Within its walls enclosing. It was a home ere Whitfield preached; And Indians round it sported; The cannon’s peel for Bunker Hill Upon its walls reported. The hale, old house! long may it stand, Beneath its spreading elms! And warm and cheer those yet to come, As those in far-otf realms/ Milton, June 3, 1878. L. J. G. L. MILTON HILL. 117 the new order of things. Whitfield is reported to have said that “ true religion would not flourish in Milton until they got rid of that minister.” The position and surroundings were well adapted to accommodate the great numbers said to have been present at the service. A platform was erected in front of the house, and the people were gathered in the shade of the wide-spreading tree, and along the gently descending grounds within easy hearing of the wonderful preacher, and under the full sway of his overpowering eloquence. It was the largest re¬ ligious assembly ever gathered in Milton. At his farewell ser¬ mon on Boston Common, the number estimated to have been present was twenty or thirty thousand. He was entertained at the hospitable mansion of Madam Foye and Miss Betty Foye, both of whom were then living. The gale of 1815 made havoc of the old Whitfield elm; limbs were torn from it making, when cut up, four cords of wood. In the memorable gale of April, 1851, which destroyed Minot’s Light, it was blown down. On the morning after the gale, Daniel Webster and his wife, driving from Marshfield to Boston, over Milton Hill, met the obstruction in the road caused by this fallen tree, not yet wholly removed, and were forced to turn back and take the road by Milton cemetery. BADCOCK FAMILY. The tradition is that a widow Badcock came from Essex, England, with her sons, George, Robert, and James, in the ship Anne, 1623. Robert bought land of John Glover in 1648, and seems to have been the first to locate here, west of Milton Hill, near the river. He is included among the notices of the Pre¬ cinct inhabitants. James settled in Plymouth, where he re¬ mained for the residue of his life and died. John, of Westerly, R. I., a son of James, named two of his sons George and Robert; and James, a third son of John, came for a wife on a pilgrimage to Milton, doubtless the land of his cousins. James Badcock of Stoningtown married, June 12, 1706, Sarah Yose, of Milton. — [Journal of Bev. Peter Thacker.] The first we hear of George Badcock is from a conveyance to him, by deed on parchment dated March 31, 1654, of about one hundred acres of upland by Richard Mather, teacher of the Church of Dorchester. _ One side of the tract lies next the land of Richard Collicot on the east side; the other side next the lands of John Wiswall, Thomas Wiswall, 118 HISTORY OF MILTON. and others. Also another lottextending to Braintry line. Also a “ parole of marsh land lying one side next Mr. Wilsons farme the other side next the marsh of Mr. Hutchinson, one end butting Mr. Hutchinsons land, the other end the marsh of John Gill.” This large tract of land was situated west of the Collicot and Holman lands, extending oyer Pleasant street to the Braintree line. A part of this tract, or land near this has remained in the Badcock family from the day of its purchase to the present time. George Badcock died in 1671, and in his will, written Septem¬ ber 26th, he gives Benjamin, his eldest son, land in Milton and Dorchester. Benjamin married Hannah, the daughter of Will¬ iam Daniels, Feb. 11,1674. In 1682 he purchased land of Rich¬ ard Collicot, lying opposite the Daniels estate and near the land bequeathed to him by his father. 1 Enoch Badcock, the second son of George, married Susannah Gregory; he died in Milton 25th May, 1695. He was a ship¬ wright, and had his ship-yard on land of Joseph Belcher near the water, the same afterwards occupied by Daniel Briggs; there he also built his house. Aug. 10, 1693, Rev. Joseph Belcher secures to Enoch Badcock a two years’ notice for removal of his house, stock and timber, under bond of ,£200. In the year 1693, Enoch Badcock built the ship “ Mary & Sarah, ” for Thomas Cooper and William Harris, for the sum of £540 15s. William, the only son of Enoch, married Elizabeth. They had three sons and five daughters. He also was a ship-carpenter, and died 15th October, 1732, and his wife in 1739. Their second son, William, of the same trade with his father and grandfather, on the 17th of September, 1740, after the decease of his mother, assigns and quits claim to his elder brother, Nathan, a tanner, all his right and interest in the estate, real and personal, of their father William, “excepting, and always leaving thereout, to me, my heirs and assigns, the house and land adjoining to Milton Landing place.” He married Hannah Blake, 1751. Their children were, Eunice, b. March 18, 1758, m. Dr. Samuel K. Glover ; Elizabeth, b. June 14, 1754, m. John Swift; Nancy, b. Nov. 17, 1752, m. Major Phinehas Paine ; Bathsheba, b. Mar. 17, 1761, d. April 28, 1792. The house reserved from his father’s estate, and doubtless built before the decease of his father, which occurred in 1732, is the one known as the “ Stanley house,” now owned and in part occupied by Mr. Samuel Everett, which gives it an antiquity of more than one hundred and fifty years. 1 In Blake’s survey of the lower road from Boston Town House to Governor Belcher’s farm, 1747, appeared a Badcock house on the south side of Adams street nearly opposite the Stephen Kinsley house. MILTON HILL. 119 Nathan Babcock, eldest son of William, son of Enoch, born May 15, 1716, was a tanner by trade. He married Susannah -, and died in Milton, of small-pox, Jan. 29,1777, aged 61. In February, 1752, Jonathan Copeland and Betty Copeland, of Bridgewater, conveyed to him eight acres of land in Milton, being a part of the homestead of John Kinsley, deceased. (Suffolk Reg¬ istry, Lib. 82, Fol. 261.) On this tract he erected the house now owned by his descendant, Cornelius Babcock. His eldest son, Capt. William Babcock, was born here, and married Sarah Tucker, of Milton. In the war of the Revolution he was cap¬ tain in Col. Solomon Lovell’s regiment; his company of fifty were mostly Milton men. They marched to Morristown Dec. 18, 1776, and were discharged March 17, 1777. He was also captain in the regiment of Col. Samuel Pierce from Feb. 3, 1778, to April 8. In his company were Lieut. David Tucker; Sergeants Rufus Pierce, John Adams and Andrew Can- nady ; Corporals Elisha Yose, Lemuel Morton, Silas Hunt, Na¬ thaniel Shepard, and thirty-nine privates, all Milton men, as follows : — Jonathan Yose, Jabez Sumner, Noah Dammon, Joshua Glover, Ralph Crane, Joseph Sumner, Ebenezer Crane, Zachariah Bassett, Howard Bassett, William Gould, Seth Smith, John Babcock, Elijah Crane, Samuel Kilton, Seth Tucker, Lemuel Hunt, Simeon Horton, Nathaniel Jones, Reuben Gulliver, George Babcock, Thomas Kingman, Isaac Copeland, Lemuel Billings, Joseph Puffer, Nathaniel Crane, Asa Horton, Samuel Crehore, William McKinsey, Samuel Fenno, Jesse Houghton, Uriah Snow, Seth Tucker, Joshua Kingsbury, Amariah Sumner, James Ford, Stephen Swift, Elisha Tucker, Nathaniel Yose. They were stationed eleven miles from home. Josiah Babcock, the youngest son of Captain William, was born in Milton in 1782. He married Nancy Gulliver. Their children were : Ann Gulliver, b. March 28,1807, m. Joshua Emerson, Aug. 29, 1830, d. Nov. 16, 1852; Josiah, b. Jan. 19, 1810, m. Marga¬ ret Howe Fenno, June 27, 1841, d. Sept. 4, 1863; Samuel, b. Nov. 5, 1812, m. Lydia Thorpe, Dec. 4, 1844, d. Dec. 29,1880; Jeremiah William, b. Sept. 30, 1816, d. Oct. 16, 1879; Corne- 120 HISTORY OF MILTON. lius, b. Jan. 19, 1819; Sarah Elizabeth, b. Mar. 8, 1822, m. Simeon Emerson, Jan. 17, 1841; Mary Augusta, b. May 27, 1826, m. Nathan Crossman, Jr., Mar. 17, 1852, d. Feb. 29, 1884. But two of this family remain. The names and the bright and useful life of those who have within a few years gone from us are fresh in the thoughts of the living. The Hon. Samuel Bab¬ cock was a wise, judicious, and upright citizen, who faithfully served the town in many important ways. For twelve years he was a member of the Board of Selectmen, most of the time chairman. He was also for twelve years, between 1848 and 1871, on the School Committee, generally chairman, guiding this important work with a high degree of wisdom. In 1855 he represented the town at the Legislature, and in 1864 he was a member of the State Senate. BENJAMIN PBATT. In 1757 William Babcock sold to Benjamin Pratt thirty-eight and a half acres of land, and in 1759 John Babcock sold to said Pratt thirty-three acres. William and John are, doubtless, sons of George, the son of Benjamin, who purchased this land of Richard Collicot. In 1758 William Pierce sold to Pratt twenty-three acres, and Edward Adams, 2d, forty acres in 1760,—in all making a tract of one hundred and thirty-four acres, probably lying near together, which was long known as the Pratt farm. Benjamin Pratt was born in Cohassett, 1709. He came to Milton about 1757, and built the house which occupied the site on which the John W. Brooks mansion now stands. The old Pratt house, then known as the Beals house, was removed to East Milton by Mr. Josiah Babcock, and was converted into two dwelling-houses now standing on Granite avenue. Mr. Pratt was bred a mechanic, but, having lost his leg after reaching mature years, he turned from industrial to educational pursuit. He graduated at Harvard in 1787, and pursued legal studies with Judge Auchmuty, whose daughter he married. He resided in Milton but a short time, and was chiefly occupied with his professional duties. He became an eminent lawyer and scholar, and, through the friendship of Governor Pownal, in 1761 was made Chief Justice of New York, where he died in 1763, aged 54 years. John Adams describes him, as seen in the court where was argued the case of “ Writs of Assistance ” by Otis and our Oxenbridge Thacher, in the following words: — MILTON HILL. 121 The place in which the court sat was the council chamber of the old Town House, Boston. At that time it was an imposing and elegant apart¬ ment, ornamented with two splendid full-length portraits of Charles II. and James II. In this chamber near the fire were seated five judges, with Lieut. Governor Hutchinson at their head as Chief Justice, all in their fresh robes of scarlet English cloth, in their broad bands and immense judicial wigs. In this chamber were seated at a long table all the barristers of Bos¬ ton and its neighboring county of Middlesex, in their gowns, bands andtye- wigs. They were not seated on ivory chairs, but their dress was more sol¬ emn and more pompous than that of the Roman Senate when the Gauls broke in upon them. In a corner of the room must be placed wit, sense, imagination, genius, pathos, reason, prudence, eloquence, learning, science, and immense reading hung by the shoulders on two crutches, covered with a cloth great coat, in the person of Mr. Pratt, who had been solicited on both sides, but would engage on neither, being about to leave Boston for¬ ever, as chief justice of New York. His only daughter, Isabella, married Samuel Wells, of Boston; and the Pratt farm was held in the Wells family for more than half a century, and became known as the “Wells farm.’’ At a later period, this farm passed into the Beals family. John Wells sold the easterly part to Jonathan Beals, and the westerly part to Benjamin Beals. These brothers were exten¬ sive farmers and butchers. Some of our citizens recall the fa¬ mous huskings in their barns, and remember the flocks of sheep formerly crowding the beautiful grove of Mr. Brooks on Centre street. Mr. John M. Forbes bought of Capt. Jonathan Beals, Nov. 3, 1846, a tract of nearly a hundred acres extending back to the Quincy line, and now forming a part of the estate of Edward Cunningham. The land of Benjamin Beals was sold at auction by his heirs Oct. 4, 1854, Mr. John W. Brooks being the purchaser at one thousand dollars per acre. GLOVES, EAEM. Nathaniel Glover was the fourth son of “ the worshipful John Glover,” of Dorchester. He married Mary Smith, of Dorches¬ ter, in 1652. His eldest son, Nathaniel, born Jan. 30, 1653, married Han¬ nah Hinckley, of Barnstable, in 1672. Their youngest son was Thomas, born Dec. 26, 1690 ; he married Elizabeth Clough, of Boston, June 7, 1672. The second son of Thomas and Elizabeth (Clough) Glover was Elijah, born at the Newbury farm, July 20,1725, and died at his residence on Milton Hill, July 1, 1770, aged 45 years. His death was caused by an internal injury received at a wrestling 122 HISTORY OF MILTON. match, or ring, on election day the May previous. By his supe¬ rior agility and strength he had come off victor, and was enjoy¬ ing his triumph, when a new competitor offered himself. He accepted the challenge and was victorious, hut in the struggle a blood-vessel was ruptured, which resulted in his speedy death. He married Abigail Kinsley, daughter of Samuel and Mary (Gulliver) Kinsley, of Milton, Dec. 21, 1751. She died Feb. 8, 1761, in her thirty-fifth year. He married again, Jan. 1, 1762, Elizabeth Tucker, of Milton. Elijah Glover was the first in the line of “the worshipful John Glover ” to reside in Milton. All other Milton Glovers, except the descendants of Elijah, and Theodore Russell Glover, who has lately become a resident of Milton Hill, are from the ancestry of Henry Glover, the brother of John. Some of this stock were citizens here in 1680, and continue to this day. Elijah came into the occupancy of a valuable tract of land on Milton Hill, through his wife Abigail, from the old Kinsley estate. It was situated on the north-east side of Adams street, and now forms the estates of Capt. R. B. Forbes, Mr. R. S. Watson, and Mr. H. P. Kidder. He erected his mansion not far from the street, nearly on the line of Mr. Watson’s private avenue. The Glover house was standing there within forty years, and the tract was known as the “ Glover farm.” The well still remains. Feb. 24, 1841, William Glover sold to Benjamin F. Dudley fifty acres of land lying on Milton Hill, being the same be¬ queathed to Samuel K. Glover by his grandfather, Samuel Kins¬ ley, and conveyed by the said Samuel K. to his son William, by deed June 1, 1829. Benjamin F. Dudley conveyed the same tract of fifty acres, then known as the “ Dudley farm,” to John M. Forbes by deed Oct. 9, 1846. July 30, 1849, John M. Forbes conveyed fifteen acres of this tract to Samuel Frothing- ham, Jr., who built the Kidder mansion. Portions of it were sold to R. B. Forbes and other individuals. The mansion of Capt. R. B. Forbes was built in 1847, and occupied Oct. 5 of that year. It was enlarged in 1852. In August of 1855 he received a visit from the Hon. Amelia M. Murray, an English lady of literary note. In her letters, after¬ wards published, she makes the following mention of Milton, which is of value, as the testimony of a distinguished for¬ eigner : — August 6, 1855. We have been paying a very agreeable visit at the house of that good Mr. Forbes, who headed a petition to his Government, and commanded ships which brought out American contributions of food to the starving Irish. Milton has a charming vicinity; fine trees, hedges, and MILTON HILL. 123 even roads, bordered by hedges, from which hang lovely draperies of smilax and vines, English in outline if not in detail. The village is on high ground, and has every here and there extensive views, with the sea, Boston and Boston Harbor,—particularly from the granite quarries towards the Blue Hills. The only children of Elijah. Glover were a son by his first wife, Samuel Kinsley Glover, horn in Milton, June 28, 1753; and a daughter by his second wife, Susannah, born April 21, 1765. She married Charles Pierce, of Milton, Nov. 4, 1790, and died Aug. 31, 1845, aged 80 years. Samuel Kinsley Glover lived in Milton through a long life, and died here July 1, 1839, aged 86 years. He inherited from his grandfather, Samuel Kinsley, a large landed estate, and owned and occupied the homestead on Milton Hill. At the age of 18 he entered Harvard College; leaving when the College was suspended by the war, he applied himself to the study of medicine and surgery and served his country as surgeon in the navy until peace was restored, in 1783. He was married, April 21, 1781, to Eunice Babcock, of Mil- ton, daughter of William Babcock. She died Dec. 1, 1826, and left three sons. Samuel, b. May 6, 1783; d. July 22, 1831; unmarried. Elijah Anson, b. July 19, 1785; d. September 22, 1819; unmarried. William, b. July 26, 1788; m. Eliza Gleason, of Wrentham, January 2, 1816. Dr. Samuel K. Glover built the “ Glover house,” on the north¬ erly slope of Milton Hill, on the Babcock land belonging to his wife, which he occupied during the latter years of his life. For many years this house was a tavern and the head¬ quarters of the stage from Milton to Boston, of which Mr. Glover was proprietor. Charles Breck before becoming a citi¬ zen of Milton passed a night in this house in 1823. It was then kept by Elisha Ford. This place descended to his son William. He was a goldsmith by trade, and kept a jeweller’s and silver-plater’s shop in Boston for several years. After his removal to Milton he opened a store of the same kind in a small building near the bridge on the Milton side. He died in Milton, June 15, 1856, aged 60 years. The Glover house, on Milton Hill, was sold by his widow and heirs, through the trustee, Samuel L. Buss, to Capt. E. H. Faucon, who is the present owner of the estate. Gen. Moses Whitney built the Whitney house, situated between the Glover and Swift houses, in 1820. These three houses are now standing, in good condition, on the easterly side of Adams street, Milton Hill. 124 HISTORY OF MILTON. SWIFT ESTATE. In the old survey made by James Blake, 1747, from the Town House in Boston to the Governor’s farm in Milton, the estates are given along the line, and probably all the principal houses then standing. On the south side of Neponset river appear two buildings, one on the site occupied by the present choco¬ late mill, another where the house occupied by the late Dr. Ware stands; then, ascending the hill on the east side, the “Stanley house,” occupied by Wade; the next is the Miller house, far over the hill; and on the south-west side of the road, nearly opposite the Miller house, the Swift house; the Daniels, Kinsley, Babcock, Holman, and Gulliver houses follow. The old Swift house stood in the field on the south-west side of Adams street. About forty rods from the street, below the barn of Mr. Dudley, a depression in the field plainly indi¬ cates the position of the cellar and house. Thomas Swift, son of Robert, of Rotherham, Yorkshire, Eng¬ land, first appears in the Town Records of Dorchester, Nov. 22, 1634. He was a maltster by trade, but followed agriculture. He left a large estate, for the times. Among the household goods that he brought from England was a carved oak chair, very antique and beautiful, which is now in the possession of Miss Elizabeth R. Swift, of Milton Hill. At one time he owned a large tract of land extending over many hundred acres, said to be about 1,400, in the north-east part of Unquity. On this were two houses, one of them built as early as 1649. In one of these Mr. Swift lived; the other was occupied by Henry Merifield. (See Suffolk Deeds, Lib. 13, Fol. 408.) He died May 4, 1675, and was buried in the old Dorchester burying ground, where are now to be seen the large slabs of stone then placed over his' grave to protect it from wolves. Deacon Thomas Swift, oldest son of Thomas, was born June 17,1635. He married Elizabeth Vose, daughter of Robert Yose, of Milton, in 1657. She died Jan. 15, 1675. He married again Oct. 16, 1676, Sarah Clapp, of Milton. Deacon Swift received from his father-in-law Yose, in 1659, nineteen and three-fourths acres of upland in Milton, confirmed to him by deed Feb. 23, 1663. (Suffolk Deeds, Lib. 42, Fol. 33.) This was in the region of School street, opposite the house of the late Wm. Davis, Can¬ ton avenue, stretching towards Churchill’s lane. Here he set¬ tled at the time of his first marriage, and became one of the most enterprising and useful citizens of Milton. He was selectman for thirty-five years, 1668-1704, inclusive, excepting the year 1677, and filled various other offices in the town and colony. MILTON HILL . 125 May 5, 1676, he was made quarter-master of a troop of horse, as had been his father, with the rank of lieutenant. He was appointed by the General Court to the charge of the Neponset Indians, and was constantly active in the Indian wars. He was one of the founders of the Milton Church, signing the covenant Aug. 24, 1678. Aug. 20, 1682, he was ordained deacon. He died Jan. 26, 1718. His wife died the day after his funeral. We have no data from which to decide when the Swift house was built on the south-west side of Adams street. It is known, however, to have been standing there in 1747, and may have been the house built prior to 1649. Subsequently a house was built on the opposite side of Adams street, where most of the family yet to be spoken of were born. William Swift, son of Deacon Thomas, was killed in the dis¬ astrous expedition against Quebec, 1690. He was a member of Captain John Withington’s Company, Dorchester. Col. Samuel Swift, the youngest son of Deacon Thomas, was born in Milton, December 10,1683. He married Ann, daughter of Thomas Holman, of Milton, a prominent man of his day. Col. Samuel Swift was one of the wealthiest and most influ¬ ential men of Milton. He, like his father, filled many offices of trust and importance in the town. He was Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, Colonel of the militia, Representative to the General Court; moderator of the town-meetings for eleven years, between 1734 and 1747, and selectman for fifteen years, between 1735 and his death, 1747. His second son, Samuel Swift, was a distinguished barrister in Boston, to whom reference is made in another place. Ebenezer Swift, the youngest son of Col. Samuel, was born in Milton March 24,1724-5, and died January 17, 1805. He mar¬ ried Judith, daughter of Deacon Nehemiah Clap, of Milton. His first son, John, was born at the ancestral home, on Milton Hill, June 24,1747, and died in Milton January 14,1819. He married Elizabeth Babcock, daughter of William and Hannah (Blake) Babcock, of Milton. Ebenezer occupied the old Swift house, south-west of Adams street, built by his ancestors ; and his son Samuel built the house on the opposite side. This house and the land south-west of the street remained in the Swift family until August 25, 1835, when it was conveyed to Thomas Hollis, who sold the land on the south-westerly side to B. F. Dudley, the present owner. Capt. John Swift, as he is called in our records, was also a leading man in Milton. He built the house on Adams street, opposite the opening of Randolph and Canton avenues, in 1790 126 HISTORY OF MILTON. known to this day as the Swift house. This house is nearly one hundred years old. In business he was a successful manu¬ facturer of gentlemen’s and ladies’ beaver hats, in which he rivalled the imported goods. His place of business was the house now standing between the Stanley and Swift houses. In the memorable year 1776 he was chosen one of the Cominittee of Safety and Correspondence. He was a true and faithful mem¬ ber of the body politic, positive and determined in character; and this was a leading characteristic of the Swift family. In 1781 he, with his brother Samuel, was appointed to raise men for the Continental Army. In 1817 he was second lieutenant of a company sent out at the time of Shay’s rebellion. Dr. Morison says: — About sixty years ago, I have been told, that, at a town-meeting in Milton, no public measure could be carried which was opposed by John Swift, the energetic head of an important family. Mr. E. J. Baker writes: — His was no negative character. He loved his friends and hated his enemies, while he “ rendered unto Csesar the things that are Caesar’s, and unto God things that are God’s.” In the days of my boyhood I met him frequently when he was at the age of threescore years and ten, and my remembrance of him is that he was tall and portly, dignified in his person and in his gait, and elastic in his step. His hair was very white with the cue of the former generation. He was always social and pleasant in his conversation, and a constant attendant at church. His hospitality was bounteous, and shared alike by his neighbors and transient visitors. Samuel Swift, brother of John, and second son of Ebenezer, was born at the paternal mansion, Milton Hill, May 28, 1749, and died in the house he built, February 1,1830, aged 81 years. He married, October 4, 1782, Abigail, daughter of William and Eunice (Bent) Pierce. He was the father of Eunice, wife of Josiah Wadsworth; of Judith, who died, unmarried, 1857, and of George Swift, whose famous picture is in many of our albums. Like his brother John he was an ardent patriot, vigilant and active in Milton through the stirring times of the Revolution. By his will, dated Sept. 24, 1827, he devised his house and lands to his children. His mansion and a part of the land was sold by the heirs to Mr. Thomas Hollis, of Milton. It then passed into the hands of Professor James B. Thayer, of Cambridge, and was finally purchased by Mr. Lewis W. Tappan, Jr., a lineal descendant of Obadiah, son of the first Thomas Swift. Mr. Tappan still owns and occupies the old mansion, which now shines out in new life. MILTON HILL. 127 The only members of the Swift family living, and now resident in Milton, are the Misses Elizabeth R. and Mary Swift, of Milton Hill. Dean Swift, their brother, druggist in Milton, died Aug. 26, 1859, and William died June 2, 1875, within the memory of most of our citizens. JOHN GILL. John Gill was a member of the Dorchester Church in 1640. He was lessee with Roger Billings of John Glover’s “ Newbury farm ” at Squantum, in 1641. He married Ann Billings, sister of Roger. John Gill lived in Unquity before 1652, in a house which stood on the north side of Adams street, almost opposite the opening of Pleasant street. This house he subsequently sold to Anthony Gulliver. David Rawson, grandson of Secre¬ tary Rawson, married a daughter of Capt. Jonathan Gulliver, through whom the house came into the Rawson family. The last occupants of the old house were David Young and Richard Falkingham, who married daughters of Rawson. An ancient deed discovered iji the Records of the Proprietors of Dorchester throws much light on this section of our town. 1 June 80, 1649, Thomas Holbrook bought of Mrs. Stoughton and executors thirty acres of land on the south side of Nepon- 1 26 day of the 3 month 1652 John Glover and William Robinson on the part of the Town of Dorchester and by power given them by the said Town have graunted and bargained unto John Gill and Anthony Gullwer the lands lying between their lands and the brook near Mr. Holmans, bounded or laid out at the end near Mr. Collicots, on the corner of the new garden now is and the walnut stump about the midst of the weadth of the said land graunted, and about fower rods from Mr. Collicots house and from the said walnut stump to the river by a-about six or seven rods from Mr Collicots house and the half wedth of the said brook to the other end thereof, to them and their heirs and assignes forever. Provided that Anthony Gullwer shall make and maintayne a faire open suffi¬ cient highway for all the country forever over the brook where the way now lyeth, and from the same to a rock above the said John Gills house upon the rising of the hill and between the garden of Goodman Kinsley and the brow of the hill on the south side thereof. The meaning of these presents being that the said John Gill and Anthony Gullwer shall have the said lands in severaltie each of them to themselves as it lyeth before their lotts, and that the said Anthony Gulliwer Shall make and maintayne a faire passable high¬ way over the said Uncaty brooke and so far as his land lyeth towards John Gills and also that which lyeth above the line of said John Gill’s lott to the aforesaid rock on the foot of said hill; and also that the said John Gill is to make and maintayn the way faire and sufficient so far as his lott goeth in breadth towards the said rock aforesaid; and further that if Mr Richard Collicot requires to have his proportion of common right there¬ in, then both the said Anthony Gulwer and John Gill shall permit him to have it by lotte to be cast between him the said Richard Collicot and the Town of Dorchester; tlie first lott to begin at the end where the passage is over the brook and the second lott to begin at the end of the land next Mr Collicots, and both of them to abate so much out of that which lyeth before their lotts according to proportion of the whole, so as both may have equally therein. And the said Anthony Gullwer and John Gill do promise and covenant henceforth to make and maintayn the said highway for the country forever as aforesaid, and that the said lands shall be chargable therewith forever; also Mr Holman is to have liberty of a footway from his house over the brook if he requires it. — Records of Proprietors of Dorchester , Booh II., Page 1 7 . 128 HISTORY OF MILTON. set river, bounded north-east by the river, south-east by John Rigby, south-west by John Glover, and north-west by John Redman and Anthony Gulliver. Feb. 10, 1652, Thomas Holbrook conveys the same land, “situated in a place called Yncatyquissett, with a frame house thereon standing,” to John Gill; both deeds were recorded April 2, 1652. In 1656 John Gill bought of Elizabeth Stoughton, executrix, one hundred and one acres of the Israel Stoughton land, called the “ Indian Field.” This was bounded north-easterly and westerly by the Neponset and “ Babcock ” rivers; then the line turned and made the boundary between Mrs. Russell and Dr. Holbrook, as far as Randolph avenue, and then it ran just south of Mrs. Russell’s house straight to the river. This took in the whole of Milton Hill, north of the Russell house. Mr. Gill was one of the three petitioners for the incorporation of Milton. He was made trustee of Milton Church, 1664, and died in Bos¬ ton, 1678. JOSEPH BELCHER. Joseph Belcher, son of Gregory Belcher, of Braintree, born 1641, married Rebecca Gill, daughter of John, in 1667, and had three sons and one daughter: John, b. 1667; Joseph, b. March 14, 1668; Rebecca, b. Nov. 12, 1671; Gill, b. 1678. Joseph Belcher, Jr., was brought up in the family of his grandfather, John Gill, in whose will his education and support were provided for. He graduated at Harvard College in 1690, and settled as minister in Dedham, 1698, where for thirty years he remained the faithful and beloved pastor until his decease, April 27, 1723. He passed his childhood in Milton, and became heir to the larger portion of the Gill estate through his grand¬ mother Gill. At his decease the family returned to the home of his childhood, where they remained for about fifteen years. Joseph, his eldest son, was born in Dedham March 23, 1703-4 ; graduated at Harvard in 1717; married Elizabeth Butt, of Dorchester, Dec. 24, 1731; and was elected selectman of Milton in 1734. The estate on Milton Hill was first sold to Perez Bradford, of Duxbury, who married a daughter of Mr. Belcher. It was reconveyed to the Belchers in 1735, and by them sold to Thomas Hutchinson, Jeremiah Smith, William Babcock, and others about 1740. THE MILLER FAMILY. June 25, 1690, Samuel Miller, of Rehoboth was married to Rebecca Bel¬ cher, of Milton, by me Peter Thacher, Pastor. — Thacker's Journal. MILTON HILL. 129 Samuel Miller had three sons and three daughters, all horn in Milton: Samuel, b. 1696; Eben, b. 1703; Joseph, b. 1706; Elizabeth, Mary, and Hannah. He lived on Adams street, on the southerly slope of Milton Hill, near the residence of B. F. Dudley, in a house built by himself or by John Gill, the grandfather of his wife, where he kept tavern in 1712, and for many years. This mansion, which was standing within the memory of some now living, was three stories high, stately and aristocratic. It was one of the best of the times. The well is still there, within a yard of the sidewalk. In 1712 Samuel Miller, with three other citizens of Milton, purchased of Boston three thousand acres of land, called the “ Blue Hill Lands,” half of which was united to the territory of Milton, and lies in the south-westerly section of the town. On this tract a house was erected and continued in the family until the Revolution. Samuel Miller was an influential and highly respected citizen of Milton. He died about 1744. His eldest son, Samuel, was a leading man here during the whole of his mature life. As Samuel Miller, Jr., he was our Representative to the General Court in the year 1743; and after the death of his father he filled this office for eight years, the last in 1756. He was moderator at the annual town-meeting for thirteen years ; and selectman for sixteen years. He mar¬ ried Rebecca Minot, 1724, and had Samuel, b. 1725; Stephen, b. 1727; and John, b. 1733, spoken of in biographical notices. He died in Milton, of small-pox, 1761, aged 65. His son, Col. Stephen Miller, as an active and leading citizen, followed in the footsteps of his father. He was the Representa¬ tive of the town in 1774. He was a moderator of the town for five years prior to 1770 ; and selectman for eight years, serving for the last time in 1773. At the time of the Revolution he took sides with the Royalists, and removed to the Province of New Brunswick, where he passed a long and highly useful life, and died in 1817, aged 90 years. His Milton residence was the house built by his father on the new purchase in Scott’s Woods. This was burned in 1770. Last Friday afternoon the large dwelling house of Col. Miller acci¬ dentally catch’d on fire and was entirely consumed together with a great part of the furniture. [Monday, April 2, 1770.] —Boston Evening Post. His property was confiscated, and was purchased of the commissioners by Hon. E. H. Robbins. It is now in the possession of Col. H. S. Russell. 130 HISTORY OF MILTON. This estate has been owned or occupied by Mr. Bowers; next by “ Quaker Anthony,” as he was called; then by Mr. Packard, of Bridgewater, Capt. Josiah Bent, Nathaniel Tucker, and Dr. Simeon Palmer. Bey. Ebenezer Miller, D.D., the second son of the first Samuel, was born in Milton June 20, 1703. He was prepared for college under Rev. Peter Thacher, and graduated at Har¬ vard 1722. He was ordained in England, in the Episcopal Church, by the Bishop of London, and was appointed rector of the church gathered by himself in Braintree (now Quincy), where he was supported as missionary by the Society. for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts. Here he contin¬ ued for thirty-six. years, until his death, Eeb. 11, 1763. He received the degree of Doctor of Divinity from the University 'of Oxford in 1747. He is said to have been the first native descendant of the colony ordained to the ministry of the Epis¬ copal Church. COL. JOSEPH GOOCH. Col. Gooch removed from Braintree to Milton in 1740. He purchased a tract of land on Milton Hill of Samuel Miller, and built the Churchill house, now standing on the corner of Churchill’s lane and Adams street. This house, regarded as a fine structure in our day, is a specimen of the best building of the last century. The interior has points of rare beauty, especially the hall and stair-way. Col. Gooch represented the town at the General Court in the years 1752 and 1756. He is spoken of as a man of strong points of character, and of great ambition. We find the following notice of his death : — Last Friday sen’night died at Milton Joseph Gooch, Esq., one of his Majesty’s Justices of the Peace for County of Suffolk; formerly Colonel of a Regiment of Militia. Feb. 19, 1770. — Boston Evening Post. His son, Joseph, was born in 1728 and graduated in 1747. After his father’s death he removed to Vermont, and the estate passed into the possession of Hon. E. H. Robbins, by whom it was conveyed to Hon. Asaph Churchill, in whose family a portion of it still continues. Miss Sarah Churchill occupied the home¬ stead until her death, in 1886; and the Hon. Joseph M. Churchill had a residence, built by himself, on the home estate. C. M. S. Churchill, Esq., also resides on the same territory. A picture of the house and stairway is here presented. MILTON HILL. 131 REDMAN ESTATE. Nathaniel Babcock bought the Redman homestead in 1714, “ containing eighteen acres, bounded North on Nathan Bab¬ cocks land; East on the Town Highway; South on the way leading to William Yoses ; and Westerly on William Voses and Mr. Belchers farms.” William Vose’s house stood on Churchill’s lane, then called “Vose’s lane,” occupying nearly the site now covered by Col. O. W. Peabody’s cottage. After¬ wards, Thomas Glover, son-in-law of William Vose, lived in the house, and Mr. Seth Baggs. The old Yose well is still in use on the place. Nathan Yose, son of William, built and occupied the house owned by Col. Peabody, recently burned. On this same lane was the Robert Redman homestead. In 1831, when Edmund J. Baker was making a survey of the land on the corner of Adams street and Churchill’s lane, he discovered an old cellar, a short distance down the hill; here stood the old Redman house. The small house that stood half-way down Churchill’s lane, on the west side, was occupied by John Drew, who married Betsey Wallace, the last descendant of a slave family. They were the faithful domestics in the family of Hon. E. H. Rob¬ bins, while he lived in the Churchill house. About 1832 Capt. R. B. Forbes purchased the land on the corner of Adams street and Churchill’s lane, of Adam Daven¬ port and Dr. Gardiner, and, in 1833, built the mansion now occupied by J. Murray Forbes. It was long known as Madame Forbes’ house, having been presented to her by her children. Between the house and the street stood the house and chair- factory of Adam Davenport. The house was removed to Dor¬ chester, and the chair factory was purchased by Benjamin Henshaw and removed to Randolph avenue. DANIEL BRIGGS. Daniel Briggs lived in a large house built by Abel Allyne where the double cottage now stands. This was purchased by John M. Forbes. The house was torn down, and one of the cot¬ tages was built, and after a few years the other was added. Thomas S. Briggs built a house on the site of Col. O. W. Peabody’s house in 1830. Rev. Dr. Lothrop purchased of Briggs, and lived in the house several years. He then sold the house, which was removed to a position on the avenue now lead¬ ing to the estate of Col. W. H. Forbes, and was occupied by 132 - HISTORY OF MILTON. Rev. Chandler Robbins. In 1851 Dr. Lothrop built a new bouse, which in turn was taken down a few years since, and the mansion of Col. Peabody erected. Dr. Lothrop occupied the bouse for ten years or more, through the summer months. At the same time a goodly company of clergymen, with their fami¬ lies, were scattered over the hill, spending the summer vaca¬ tions. On one occasion a gentleman from Boston wishing to find Rev. James I. T. Coolidge, then living on Milton Hill, inquired at the Milton depot for his residence, and received directions somewhat as follows: “ As you ascend the hill the first house on the right, a little off from the road, is that of Rev. George G. Channing. In the next house, on the same side, lives Rev. Francis Cunningham, and a little farther on, nearly opposite, is the house of Rev. Dr. S. K. Lothrop. These houses you will pass; then a little farther, on the left, is the house of Rev. Joseph Angier; near Mr. Angier’s you will pass the house where Rev. Edward E. Hale is spending the summer. Still keep on by Rev. Dr. Morison’s house, who lives this side of Rev. Chandler Rob¬ bins, and the next house, on the rising ground, is where Rev. Mr. Coolidge lives; but do not mistake his house for that of Rev. John Weiss, who is out here for the season.” Who wonders that it was then called Zion’s Hill ? THE HOLBROOK HOUSE. The mansion now owned by Mrs. Francis Cunningham was erected by Dr. A m os Holbrook in 1801, who purchased the land of the Babcock heirs. William Badcock, son of Enoch, bought land of the Joseph Belcher heirs on the highway from the bridge over the hill about the time that Jeremiah Smith and Governor Hutchinson purchased of the same parties. At the decease of William Badcock, son of William, and his widow, which occurred in March, 1807 (the first service in Mil- ton attended by Rev. Dr. Gile being at her funeral), the real estate was divided among his heirs. Mrs. Glover, wife of Dr. Samuel K. Glover, took the Stanley house, built by Wm. Bad¬ cock, and the land now owned by Capt. Faucon. Mrs. John Swift took the land running from the Stanley house to the Whitney house, and also the land on which now stands the house of Miss Elizabeth Swift. Mrs. Paine sold her portion to General Whitney. The portion of Bathsheba, another daugh¬ ter, was above the Hutchinson place; this was sold by her sis¬ ters, before the mother’s death, to Dr. Holbrook, on which his house was built. MILTON HILL. 183 The Holbrook house, built with a view to tasteful archi¬ tecture, will stand the test of a searching comparison with similar work of our day. Situated on nearly the highest portion of Milton Hill, and commanding an unobstructed view of the harbor, islands, and vapory ocean, and, westerly, of the valleys and the whole range of the Blue Hills, the stately mansion was considered the best in Milton. The spacious halls and stairs, and the large square rooms, give the interior an airy and homelike aspect. The mantles and fire- frames retain their original tracing in stucco, or composition, sharp and delicate, resembling fine carving. An Italian artist was occupied for a whole year in the fresco-work, some of which is seen to-day in bright and well- defined colors. Portions of the walls and ceilings, especially in halls and parlors, touched up in the same colors, are as light and artistic in hue and tracery as when the designer left them. The sideboard of Dr. Holbrook retains its place in the dining¬ room ; on the sideboard stands a timepiece, made in England for Governor Hutchinson in 1750 ; while in almost every room is seen some article, ornamental or useful, formerly belonging to the Holbrook family. A bed of lilies, originally set out by Dr. Holbrook, still affords an annual supply of delicate flowers. Trees and shrubs in every part of the estate perpetuate the memory of the aris¬ tocratic doctor. A picture of the house, and of the lower and upper halls, with the stair-ways, is seen on the opposite page. The estate of Dr. Holbrook adjoined that of Governor Hutch¬ inson. GOVERNOR THOMAS HUTCHINSON. The distinguished governor of Massachusetts who resided here has given this place a celebrity claiming a minute history and description of the house and locality. In 1827 the Boston Light Infantry marched out to Milton and camped on the open grounds in front of the house. They were elegantly entertained by Barney Smith after his wonted hospitality. Their object was to secure an engraving of the old Hutchinson house, a part of which was about to be torn down. For this purpose they brought with them Mr. John R. Penniman, the best designer and painter in Boston, who made a draft of the house, which has come down to our times. 134 HISTORY OF MILTON. Several years ago there appeared in the papers of the day an article entitled “ The Hutchinson House,” under the nom-de- plume “ Shade of Kitchmakin.” This proved to he a full and graphic history of this famous house, and of the men and women who have figured there from the time of Governor Hutchinson’s purchase to the day of writing, from the terse and entertaining pen of Edmund J. Baker. And this readable paper, embodying facts and incidents valuable in the history of this town, which, if lost in the ephemeral literature of the day, can never be replaced except by the writer of the same, is here inserted in full from the original manuscript: — “ The*Hutchinson House. “ The first day of April, 1634, when the General Court con¬ firmed to Israel Stoughton the grant to erect a corn-mill and build a wier upon Neponset river, was the birthday of the village now known as Milton Lower Mills. Up to that time no house existed, and no planting had been done; the Indians alone laid claim to Unquity, which signified the region at the head of tide-water of the Neponset. This was their winter home, from which they went in the spring to the salt-water for their fish, and to the plains to raise their corn ; and in the fall and winter they traced the river to its tributaries in search of game and furs. “ This simple mill was the nucleus around which slowly grew up a manufacturing business. The powder-mill, which was erected in 1674, to afford means for the early settlers to suc¬ cessfully combat King Philip, was a great enterprise for those early days, and brought to the neighborhood the family of Everdens, who manufactured powder here for eighty-three years. “ The owners of the mill did not live here, as a general thing, and they employed but few operatives, and those were persons in such humble life that they have not left even a gravestone to tell us who they were. At the end of the first century this village, then a mere hamlet, had about six or eight houses. One for the miller stood wdiere the house long owned by the Leeds family now stands. The one occupied by Everden, the powder- maker, stood where Henry L. Pierce’s brick mill now stands. One connected with the mill, on the south side of the river, stood where the railroad crosses the street. One connected with the paper-mill is still standing, and occupied by Dr. Ware, but has been removed a few feet in a north-easterly direction. The house now stands built by Mr. William Badcock on the landing. MILTON HILL. 135 Probably these constituted nearly all the houses then in the village; dwellings located on the surrounding farms were few and far between. “About the beginning of the second centmy a change took place in the history of Unquity, which had assumed the name of Neponset, and the social element began to predominate over the industrial element. Jonathan Belcher, the Governor of the Province, bought land and prepared to build a house on the Rowe estate. The Provincial treasurer, Wm. Foye, built the house lately occupied by Mr. Samuel Littlefield. Col. Joseph Gooch built the house now for many years in the Churchill family; and Thomas Hutchinson, in 1743, built the house now for many years in the Russell family. “ The settlement of these families in the neighborhood changed the character of the place, and instead of being noticed as the Neponset Mill, and the place where Eliot preached to the Indians at Unquity, it became widely known as a place of taste, literary acquirements, and refined society. Although last in the order of settlement, Governor Hutchinson soon became first in rank, and gave a prominent character to the society of Milton Hill. He was born in Boston, 1711, graduated at Har¬ vard, 1727, was a Representative from Boston when twenty-six years old, and continued nine years, and a selectman at twenty- seven. At twenty-nine he was sent to England upon public business relating to the currency. “He was one of the Council in 1750; in 1760 he was raised from Judge of Probate to Lieutenant Governor; in 1770 he was appointed Governor by the Crown, which office he held till he embarked for England in May, 1774. “ Governor Hutchinson’s history of Massachusetts has won for him a name that will never fade. He was an orator and an accomplished gentleman. Although always holding public office, either by election by the people or by appointment of the Crown, he found leisure to cultivate his rural tastes, and spent much time in laboring with his men in setting out and grafting trees, and in attending to the routine of farming and cultivating fruits. The row of sycamore trees which graced both sides of the street as you pass over Milton Hill was the work of his hands. Laboring with the hoe and shovel he assisted the men to set them there, and all who remember them before the blight of 1840 will bear testimony to his taste. A few still remain; but the most have died out within the last thirty years, and elms and other ornamental trees, under Miss Russell’s care, have taken their place. With the aristocratic style which belonged to the offices of the crown, Governor Hutchinson blended the 186 HISTORY OF MILTON. dignity of the scholar and the gentleman, and had the happy faculty of making himself respected and beloved by all his neighbors. “ The King’s Chapel in Boston was his stated place of worship, but while at his country-seat he usually attended church at Milton, but going to Boston on Sunday occasionally. One pleasant Sabbath afternoon, as he was returning in his carriage, he found himself stopped by the village tithingman with his long black wand. The tithingman was an Irishman of wit, and some standing in society, who had been elected as a joke. He accosted the Governor: 4 Your Excellence, it is my business when people travel on the Sabbath to know where they have been and where they are going.’ To this the Governor replied: ‘ Friend Smith, I have been to Boston, and attended my own church both parts of the day, and have heard two very fine ser¬ mons.’ To this Smith responded, ‘Faith, sir, the best thing you can do is to go home and make a good use of them.’ He owned most of the land on the street for nearly half a mile from Milton bridge, and gave to the public enough from his land to convert a narrow street into the present street of ample dimensions. “ When the committee who came from Boston to request to have the tea removed [which was then at the wharf in Boston] had returned to the city, Gov. Hutchinson immediately walked down to the village to learn the state of affairs in regard to the landing of the tea from some of his most gracious neighbors. All they could tell him was that the people in Boston said it should not be landed; but what would be the result they could form no idea. He wished, if it was in his power, to prevent it; that no rash act should be committed by himself or the inhabitants of Boston. A special messenger in the night informed him that the tea was destroyed. Early the next morning he called again upon those whose information he had sought the evening before and expressed his regrets that they had not told him of the course that was to be taken that he might have ordered the vessels below the Castle until the matter could be more satis¬ factorily disposed of. He soon found that his usefulness was at an end, and that he could not serve both crown and people, and determined to leave the country in whose service he had spent so much time, and many personal friends with whom he was connected by so many ties. When his arrangements were completed he walked through the village bidding a good- by, shaking hands, and exchanging many kind parting words with his neighbors of both political parties. He walked down the lower road [now Adams street]. Soon after his carriage MILTON HILL. 137 came along and took him to Dorchester Point, now South Bos¬ ton, where a barge came from the Castle and took him across, and there he remained until he sailed for England. Soon after Governor Hutchinson left the country the estate on Mil- ton Hill passed into the hands of Mr. Samuel Broome, an Eng¬ lishman by birth, and a merchant of Boston. Mr. Broome lived in the house but a short time, and it does not appear that he made any alterations in the house or added to the social posi¬ tion of Milton Hill. “ The next inhabitant of the Hutchinson house was the Hon. James Warren, a native of Plymouth, and a descendant of the first comers. He was of a very respectable family, and gradu¬ ated at Harvard in 1745. He took such a decided stand in favor of the Colonies against the mother country that, at a con¬ vention in Plymouth County in 1774, he was chosen President, and was several times a member of the Provincial Congress; and when Gen. Joseph Warren was killed, at Bunker Hill, Mr. James Warren was chosen in the place made vacant by his death as President of the Provincial Congress. He married a sister of James Otis, Jr., who was so deeply interested in the revolutionary struggle. She was a woman of uncommon intel¬ lectual powers. She published a history of the American War in three volumes. Mercy Warren is a name that awakens admira¬ tion even in our day. While they occupied the house it was the resort of patriots and men of learning from all parts of the coun¬ try. When Mr. Warren returned to Plymouth he sold his farm in Milton to different parties. The mansion, and all the land south-east of the Canton road, were sold to Patrick Jeffrey, and the forty-two acres, with no building upon them, between the Canton road and Neponset river, were sold to Jacob Gill and Edward H. Robbins. “ Madam Haley, 1 the widow of an opulent and highly respect¬ able merchant in London, came to look after the business of her husband, which had suffered much during the war, and brought with her Patrick Jeffrey, as a steward or agent. The property she brought with her, and what she collected here, made her very wealthy. She spent her money freely for what gratified her taste or satisfied her ambition. Tradition tells us that she gave five hundred dollars for the privilege of being the first one to ride over Charlestown bridge at its grand open¬ ing. She headed the procession on that occasion in her phae¬ ton, drawn by four white horses. The story has come down to 1 She was sister of John Wilkes, the celebrated English politician, and had the peculiar tooth which marked the Wilkes family. 138 HISTORY OF MILTON. us that a countryman called at her residence 1 and wished to see her. He sent up his name, and in due time Madam Haley appeared in her spacious drawing-room, magnificently furnished, in a fashionable dress, and announced herself as Madam Haley, and wished to know the object of his call. He stated in a few words that he had heard so much of her that he had a strong desire to see her. In a very pleasant and dignified manner she inquired what he had heard that so excited his curiosity. He replied, 4 That she was so rich, lived in such style, did so much good, and was so homely ! ’ She answered, ‘ Now you see me, what do you think about it? ’ — ‘I swear I believe they are all true ! ’ “ This Madam Haley married her steward; but a good steward made an uncongenial husband, and she went back to London, and Jeffrey 2 purchased the Hutchinson mansion. He was Scotch by birth, and inherited many of the peculiarities of his race. He had the furniture, library, paintings, plate, relics and ornaments that had graced the mansion of his wife’s first husband while an alderman and a mayor of London. 3 “ With his two house-keepers and retinue of servants he kept up a magnificent style of living. Dr. Jarvis, the leading politi¬ cian, Robert Hollowell, and the late Governor Eustis, were members of the club that dined with him weekly, in the style of an aristocratic dinner of the clubs of London and Dublin of that day. The dinner was prolonged, the pipes evaporated in smoke, and choice wines disappeared. After the company were seated in their carriages, they were driven to the front door, and summoned Mr. Jeffrey to the door to drink a parting glass, as they sat in their carriages. “ Soon after his death his furniture was sold at auction, and the rare paintings, valuable books, statuary, unique furniture, philosophical instruments, and a great variety of curiosities extended the auction for three days ; and it was visited by all classes, and all found something to suit their case and meet their wants. Those three days were gala days for Milton Hill, and more mementos, from valuable to worthless, were dis¬ tributed in those three days than were ever distributed in the same length of time, from any one source, since the settlement of the country. At this day there is hardly an ancient family f This occurred at her Boston house, as she did not occupy her residence in Milton, f Patrick Jeffrey was brother of the celebrated Judge Jeffrey, of Scotland. Mrs. Harris, daughter of Dr. Holbrook, has in her possession a silver card-case pre¬ sented her by Mr. Jeffrey, which bears the Wilkes coat-of-arms. MILTON HILL. 139 in Milton that does not retain some memento of old Jeffrey. A timepiece 1 was sold at that auction, which was made in Eng¬ land for Governor Hutchinson, and went into the possession of the late Dr. Holbrook, and at Dr. Holbrook’s death it sold for ninety-five dollars, while, if stripped of its associations, it would not have been worth fifteen dollars. “A few years before Mr. Jeffrey’s death he mortgaged his home¬ stead of forty-four acres, and several pieces of outland and marsh, for $7,333, and shortly after his death, in 1812, his admin¬ istrator sold the equity for $540 to Barney Smith. “ George A. Otis, a connection of Mr. Smith’s, occupied the house for a short time, until Mr. Smith and his family returned from Europe and took possession of the estate. Mr. Smith had been an importer of English goods. His store, connected with his house, stood at the corner of State and Devonshire streets, Boston, but they had been taken down to widen Devonshire street. “ Mr. Smith had not been long in occupation of the place before he began to improve it. He erected the large piazza now stand¬ ing, and removed the two small, inconvenient wings which were built with the house, and erected the two commodious ones now standing, and built a long, circular shed near the north-west corner of the house. These improvements converted a house of ordinary appearance into an imposing structure, for those days. The exten¬ sive business acquaintance of Mr. Smith, and the hospitality which always abounded in his mansion, drew a large circle of acquaintances around him, which made it a point of interest, to which many travellers of distinction resorted, where they were magnificently entertained. “ Mr. Smith was of medium size, of fine form, with light com¬ plexion, and a profusion of silky hair of the purest white; his usual dress was a blue broadcloth with bright buttons, and a buff vest. His manners were graceful and pleasant. His kind feelings and ample means prompted him to do so much for the benefit of the community around him, and particularly to his neighbors less fortunate than himself, both in health and sick¬ ness, that he was universally beloved and respected while living, and his death, which occurred in 1828, was a public loss to the neighborhood. “ To make a settlement of the estate of Mr. Smith it was nec¬ essary that his real estate should be sold under the hammer, and in 1829 it was knocked down to Mrs. Lydia Smith Russell, the ac¬ complished daughter of Barney Smith, and wife of the late Hon. 1 The old clock has now got back to Milton, and is in possession of Mrs. Francis Cunningham, who now owns the Dr. Holbrook estate. 140 HISTORY OF MILTON. Jonathan Russell, for $12,300. They were the next occupants of the estate. Mr. Russell had lived a brilliant life, commencing as a lawyer in Providence, then a foreign consul, a minister to several European courts, and Commissioner with John Q. Adams, Henry Clay, Albert Gallatin, and Mr. Bayard, of New York, to ne¬ gotiate the treaty of peace between the United States and Great Britain, which was ratified in 1815. His health was much impaired before he took up his residence on Milton Hill, and it continued gradually to fail until his death, in 1833. His remains were buried on the estate, directly opposite the house, but were afterwards removed to Forest Hills. Mrs. Rus¬ sell, * 1 an accomplished lady of rare attainments, did not suffer the character of the house for hospitality and sociability to de¬ generate, while, with her daughter, she occupied the estate till her death, in 1859. She improved the place by setting out the elms on both sides of the street where the sycamores set out by Governor Hutchinson, some hundred years before, had died, and the house, by making a new and convenient entrance on the south side, which added much to its general appearance and its comfort. Since her death the estate has been in the occupation of her children, and they are too well and favorably known to the present generation to be included in this sketch.” — Shade of Kitchmafrin. Closing events of Grovernor Hutchinson’s Public Life. On the evening of the 26th of August, 1765, the populace of Boston, exasperated beyond endurance, and almost wrought into frenzy, by the Stamp Act, surrounded the house of the Lieutenant Governor, suffered the family to escape, but de¬ stroyed whatever they could lay hands on. Costly furniture, valuable pictures, and statuary were demolished, the library and manuscripts were burned or thrown into the street, among the *Fredrika Bremer, the Swedish authoress, engaged to visit the Russells on Milton Hill, Dec., 1849, and pass Christmas with them. In her “Homes of the New World,” Yol. 1, p. 134, she thus refers to the Russell family: — “ Among the visitors whom I have seen and who have interested me are a Mrs. Rus¬ sell and her daughter Ida. Ida was horn in Sweden, where her father was charge d’af¬ faires many years ago, and although she left the country as a child she has retained an affection for Sweden and the Swedes. She is a handsome and agreeable young lady. Her mother looks like goodness itself. I cannot promise you much that is entertaining,’ said she, in inviting me to her house, ‘ but I will nurse you! ’ “ I could not but embrace her for this motherly good-will; but ah! that which I need is not continually ranging and flitting about from house to house, but to be quiet for a while. I promised, nevertheless, to go to them (they live in the country, some miles on the other side of Boston) on Christmas-eve, which they will keep in a Northern fashion, with Christmas pine-twigs, Christmas-candles, and Christmas-boxes, and, as I perceive, great ceremony. But more than all the Cbristmas-candles and the Christmas-boxes do 1 need — a little rest. 140 HISTORY OF MILTON. Jonathan Russell, for $12 the estate. Mr. Russell h lawyer in Providence, th European courts, and Co Clay, Albert Gallatin, and M gotiate the treaty of pea: Britain, which was rat: d- ik:£ i impaired before he tor and it continued gradually 1 His remains were bur:' house, but were afterwa sell, 1 an accomplished 1 • ••‘-L -• the character of the hou generate, while, with h( her death, in 1859. Sb tlie pit elms on both sides of the si Governor Hutchinson, . i. the house, by making 1 ni convenient earn south side, which added m its comfort. Since yno Jtia> H occupation of her child hey are b-o SreU 1 known to the present g( , ; l>e included in $ — Shade of Kitchmafrh . Closing events of /•/« . . ■ JP'd-'d On the evening of t tugu; 1 . Boston, exasperated . into frenzy, by the S su reran fed 'd Lieutenant Governor, ,; ■ stroyed whatever the; ( ’ valuable pictures, and manuscripts were bur; l Fredrika Bremer, the Swe< Hill, Dec., 1849, and pass Chris Vol. 1, p. 134, she thus refers 1 “ Among the visitors whon sell and her daughter Ida. Ida faires many years ago, and a 1 affection for Sweden and the - Her mother looks like goodne-; “ ‘ I cannot promise you house, ‘ but I will nurse you ! “ I could not but embrace is not continually ranging an while. I promised, neverthe the other side of Boston) on J with Christmas pine-twigs, Chi great ceremony. But more 1 need — a little rest. MILTON HILL. 141 latter were tire unpublished manuscripts of the Massachusetts History, which by good fortune were recovered. All the articles saved from this vandal onslaught were re¬ moved to Milton, and from this time the Governor confined his residence to Milton Hill. It is very manifest that he was greatly attached to his suburban home and to his Milton neighbors, with whom he was a favorite. He mingled with them in social life, and worshipped with them in the same church. After reaching England he writes to his son at Milton, who still remained in the Milton house, apprizing him that he had “ shipped for his Milton garden a parcel of cuttings of much finer gooseberries than ever he saw in N. E.” He also, in the same letter, expresses anxiety about his pear orchard, and requests his son to “ have stocks that failed last year regrafted.” In another letter he says: — I can with good truth assure you that I had rather live at Milton than at Kew, and had rather see Peggy and Tommy and-playing about me than the Princess Charlotte Prince Augustus or - and I have no doubt that your sister is of the same mind: Again he writes Feb. 22, 1775 : — Mr dear Son. — I hope peace and order will return to you before the summer, and that I shall return before winter. If there is a prospect of my being serviceable I would return in my public character, which I have no doubt I may do if I choose. If the prejudices of the people continue and my friends think it most advisable I would endeavor to be content with a private station, in such a case the more obscure the more eligible. The remainder of the letter consists of a matter wholly private; a project which, he says, “ has for many years been on his mind.” He wishes to have a new tomb built at Milton, and the remains of his late wife, deceased twenty-one years before, deposited therein, with space for himself. He says : “ a T. in the B. y. at M.,” which can be no other than a tomb in the burying-yard at Milton. He directs where stone can be pro¬ cured, and “a mason at B. or in some other T.,” and bids him “ leave the wall or any ornament or inscription till I return, and the sooner it is finished the better.” His son, Thomas, had already left Milton, and withdrawn to Boston. He could not have received his father’s letter long before the battle of Lexington, as the transit of the mail re¬ quired a month or six weeks. Then rapidly followed the battle of Bunker Hill, the investment of Boston by Washington, and the confiscation of the estates of all royalists; hence this cherished design of the Governor was never carried out. More 142 HISTORY OF MILTON. than a hundred years have elapsed. It is too late now to effect this purpose of our lamented citizen. Would it were otherwise ! The following extracts are from “ Notes and Queries,” pub¬ lished in London, 1869. These show the intense and unalterable longing of Governor Hutchinson to return to his native land: — May 15, 1779. Though I know not how to reason upon it, I feel a fond¬ ness to lay my bones in my native soil, and to carry those of my dear daughter with me. He alludes to his youngest daughter, Margaret, who died Sept. 21, 1777, and was buried in Croydon church-yard, where he was afterwards himself laid. Feb. l, 1780. The prospect of returning to America and laying my bones in the land of my forefathers for four preceding generations and if I add the mother of W. H., it will make five, is less than it has ever been. God grant me a composed mind, submissive to his will, and may I be thankful that I am not reduced to those straits which many others who are banished are and have been. Though in England he was looked upon as Governor of the Province, as General Gage had only a temporary military com¬ mand. It was thought that the Revolution would soon be brought to an amicable termination ; that he would then go out and re¬ sume his functions, and, therefore, in the mean time, he continued to enjoy a handsome salary. This is said to have been <£2,000 per annum, but there is no documentary evidence to prove it. “ He died of heart disease or apoplexy on the 3d of June, 1780, as he was walking from the door of his house to his carriage to take an afternoon ride, as his custom was. His second son, Elisha, and his son-in-law, Dr. Peter Oliver, saw him stagger on the pavement and catch at his footman for support, and they ran downstairs to his assistance. He was led back into the Hall and placed in a chair, where he died almost im¬ mediately.” He was buried on the 9th of June, 1780, at Croydon, some ten miles south of London. In the summer of 1884 Hon. Edward L. Pierce, of Milton, visited the church at Croydon, and found that the interior of the church was burned some fifty years ago, and all the sepulchral monuments were destroyed, nor could he ascertain just where his body lies. It is, doubt¬ less, in the Croydon church-yard, where he is said to have been interred. In this connection the following lines, from an unknown source, are brought vividly to mind: — MILTON HILL. 143 “ Who blames the royal exile’s sigh, As from the deck his parting eye Takes a last look at these sweet vales, And for King’s sake tempts ocean gales? Nor pomp of courts, nor monarch’s smile, Could from his home his heart beguile. Not gilded bribes, nor leeches’ skill, Could longing cure for Milton Hill. To no disease his loyal spirit yields, But sinks, despairing of his absent fields.” After the battle of Lexington the town of Milton removed the furniture from Governor HutchinsonVhouse, to save it from utter ruin. Mr. Samuel Henshaw afterwards visited the house, and found in the garret a trunk full of papers, among which was the Governor’s letter-book, which he secured. Col. William Taylor removed from the house several trunks, and retained them for safe-keeping. A part of his goods 1 were sold at auction, at the barn of Colonel Taylor, standing'where the Town-House is now located. At this auction many citizens of Milton secured souvenirs of the Governor, still retained in our families. Extracts from the Governor’s diary are as follows : “ ’Tis said that Washington rides in my coach at Cambridge.”—“I hear that Milton House is a barrack for passing troops.” Grov. Hutchinson as Historian. Of Governor Hutchinson’s character as historian we have the following estimate in Everett’s Lexington address, 1835: — This valuable historian was on the stage for the entire generation pre¬ ceding the Revolution. For more than thirty years before it broke out he was a political leader in Massachusetts. From the close of the French war to the year 1775 he was probably the most confidential adviser of the crown, and for the chief part of the time the incumbent of the highest offices in its gift. He has brought the history of his native State down to the very moment when, on the eve of the war, he left America, never to return. Learned, sagacious, wary, conciliatory, and strongly disposed, as far as possible, to avoid the difficulties of his position; no man had better oppor¬ tunities of knowing the truth, and, after making proper allowance for his prejudices, few are entitled to greater credit in their statements. 1 LEASE OE THE HUTCHINSON ESTATE. May 29, 1776. The Milton Committee of Correspondence Safety and Inspection by virtue of a Resolve of the General Court April 19 leased the real estate of Gov. Hutchin¬ son lying in Milton as follows: — To Mr. Samuel Henshaw jr. the dwelling-house, barn stable, yard & garden @ £13 16 6 To Captain Daniel Vose part of the land @ .20 3 2 To Mr. Nehemiah Clapp part of the land @ . To Mr. Adam Davenport part of the land @ . To Mr. Moses Hayden and John Boxanont house & part of the land @ To Mr. Joseph Jones part of the land @. £65 15 o 144 HISTORY OF MILTON L Judgment of his Character. In reviewing thus the life of one of Milton’s most honored citizens, who was universally respected and beloved by neighbors and townsmen, at this remote point of time, when all excitement of partisan feeling is over, and prejudice can no longer bias the judgment and prevent a candid and just estimate of his public and private career, one cannot help feeling that he was a true and honest man, of rigid loyalty to his official oath; and that his official acts, which were so repugnant to the spirit of the times, were dictated by a conscientious regard to loyalty and duty. HENRY MAURICE LISLE, ESQ. In the closing years of the last century, and early in the present, a lawyer of some note resided at Milton Lower Mills, by the name of Henry Maurice Lisle. In the years 1804 and 1806 he appears as moderator of the annual town-meetings. The only further mention of Mr. Lisle in the records is found in a vote of the town, Aug. 6, 1804, by which he is appointed to defend the town in a certain action before the Supreme Court. The presumption is that his residence here was con¬ fined to a few years. He is referred to in this connection as being the author of a poem on Milton Hill, in 1803, which, from local and personal allusions, received a somewhat wide circulation. I first saw reference to this poem in a letter to a Milton lady, Mrs. Jesse Pierce, written from Savannah at the time of Rev. Dr. McKean’s visit there in the winter of 1803; and, after diligent search, secured a copy, perhaps the only one in Milton. The length of the poem precludes its insertion here in full, while portions of it, relating to events of that day, should not be omitted. MILTON HILL POEM. Whilst Mars’ harsh clarion sounds again the alarms, And calls once more Britannia’s sons to arms; Whilst Erance, contending at a madman’s nod, For England’s crown to deck her demigod, By base ambition’s views again has hurl’d War’s desolating weapons through the world, Again has caused the ensanguin’d tide to flow, Again has ope’d that catalogue of woe, Which France, degenerate, to the world has shown, Shrouded in blackest crimes, — crimes all her own, — How blest is he embower’d in rural shades, ’Midst verdant lawns, and umbrage-covered glades, MILTON HILL. 145 Who feels no terror at the echoing car, Nor all the dreadful implements of war, But peaceful, happy, on a rustic seat, Courts the coy muse to visit his retreat. From Milton Hill unbounded scenes arise To charm the fancy—gratify the eyes. Thither with sylphic steps thy course pursue, And Nature’s choicest work with rapture view. Then when with gazing, visual powers grow faint, In bright description all its beauties paint. Nor need deceptive fiction’s flattering hue, In art-formed colors, gild the varied view. Her brilliant tints acknowledge at the test, That truth can here delineate the best. Mark well that spot where distant spires arise, Pointing their golden corselets to the skies, Of native oak, where yon tall vessels float And clustered masts commercial wealth denote, There Boston view, New England’s growing pride, Rising like Venus from her parent tide. Whilst dark oblivion Roman virtue shrouds, Her rising merits shall disperse the clouds, Factions contentious o’er the land has spread, And circle glory round Columbia’s head. Leaving this mart of commerce, turn thy eyes To where Columbia’s Standard proudly flies, Where yonder battlements sea-girted stand, The Castle rises to protect the land. In all directions hence, the eye may trace Unnumbered beauties o’er the aqueous space. Yon fertile islands clad by Ceres’ care, Emeralds in silver to the view appear. From one in chief 1 the ascending smoke descry, Where from the barques the crimson streamers fly. There anxious mariners shall furl the sail, Nor heed the inducement of the favoring gale, But still procrastinate that happy day. Anticipated o’er the trackless way, When sympathetic friends shall crowd the strand, And cordial greeting welcome them to land. When Phoebus hastens to the western main, And, sable night resumes the right to, reign, When the black clouds obscure the spangled sky, And hide fair Cynthia from the wanderer’s eye, When winds tempestuous burst Eolus’ cave, And Nereus guides the fury of the wave, Amidst the perils of the dreadful night, How joyous to the heart the well-known sight Of yon tall Lighthouse whose benignant ray Directs the helmsman o’er his boisterous way! And, as the winds and waves in concert roar, Guides him in safety to the long-sought shore. Quarantine. HISTORY OF MILTON. Turning from ocean’s surface, next survey The fir-clad mountains, which behind you lay. There the Great Blue Hill rears its cloud-capped head, And knotted oaks their verdant foliage spread; Behold its summit! View the rising stage That marks the weakness of the Iron Age, Proclaims that man is never satisfied With Nature’s works, whilst he’s a wish denied, But to the Andes still would add a foot, To paint the weakness of his species out. Extensive plains around its base, display The gaudy livery of the roseate May; Whilst Flora’s fragrant tribes their charms unite To fill the sense with exquisite delight. • From ’midst the scatter’d domes that westward lie, Milton’s fair spire attracts the wandering eye: With grief depicted on her beauteous face, The Muse dejected turned and viewed the place; Then wiping from her cheek the trickling tear, To great Olympus thus addressed her prayer: O Thou, who didst this blooming Eden form, Who guid’st the whirlwind and direct’st the storm, Who canst in mercy stay the fleeting breath, And wrest the victim from the grasp of death, From Milton's Pastor 1 bid disease begone , Save Science and the Muse’s favorite son! Bid sage Minerva dry her flowing tears! Bid pure Urania dissipate her fears! In mercy hear, in kind compassion speak, And health again shall blossom on his cheek. Again his lustrous periods fraught with sense, Again his matchless powers of eloquence, Shall charm the ear, instruct the ignorant mind, Convince the sceptic, and reclaim mankind. Thousands, in gratitude, with one acclaim, Shall chant their paeans to thy holy name, In songs of praise shall hallelujahs rise, And swelling chorus reach the vaulted skies. Words are too feeble, language is too mean, To paint the beauties of the varied scene Where Dorchester’s and Milton’s borders join, And Nature, Industry, and Art combine To form yon Village — to adorn the spot, And render man contented with his lot. May all its charms embellish nobler themes, Long as Neponset rolls her limpid streams. When fair Columbia’s rights, by means infernal, Practis’d by foes within and foes external, At hazard lay. And Gallic ministration Threatened our country with annihilation, — Their treaties broke — defied the avenging rod, Named death a bugbear — disavowed their God, And, deaf to pity’s cry, without emotion, Murder’d our helpless seamen on the ocean — 'Dr. McKean. OTHER MILTON ESTATES. 147 Plunder’d our barques—rob’d pen’ry of her rag, And dyed, with native blood, Columbia’ flag. Then to evince their promptness to accede To all the measures wisdom had decreed, To save the country from her savage foes, By yonder Village Sons that Akch arose. There read the language of the federal band Who raised the structure, and, with valorous hand, Wrote this inscription, penned in freedom’s cause, “ We unite in defense of our country and laws.” An index to their honor may it stand! And sentiments like these pervade the land. Nature has here her greatest power essay’d, And gilds with smiles the paradise she made. Description fails, and colors are too faint, The boundless landscape’s scenery to paint. Nor picturesque prospects here alone can please Or crown the laborer with content and ease. But, with the product of a genial soil, Plenty rewards his anxious hours of toil. Ceres, with golden sheaves, his corn-barn stores, And from his press Pomona verjuice pours. The inclement winter comes without a sigh, And all his horrors pass unheeded by. Milton, adieu! Some nobler poet’s song In future periods shall this theme prolong. Who, whilst with transport he surveys this hill, Shall own the subject worthy of his skill. In smoother numbers shall the task rehearse And celebrate thy name in loftier verse. Milton, Adieu! Ne’er may thy beauties fade, Nor thy increasing domes be prostrate laid. Until the convulsed universe shall quake, And earth’s foundation to its centre shake. OTHER MILTON ESTATES. The estate of Governor Hutchinson extended on the westerly side of Adams street from his mansion to Eliot street and Ruggles lane. During his residence in Milton he laid out on his own land the passage-way now named High street, leaving a tract of about one hundred and twenty-five feet in width between this passage-way and Adams street, and five hundred and fifty feet in length, from Eliot street to Canton avenue. At that time Adams street, from the river up the hill, was very narrow, barely sufficient to allow carriages to pass each other, and was confined to the easterly side. For the widening of the street to its present dimensions Governor Hutchinson gave a strip of land twenty-five feet wide and five hundred and fifty feet long, reaching to Canton avenue; the remaining 148 HISTORY OF MILTON. portion of his land east of High street was laid out into lots, fifty feet wide and one hundred feet deep. In the course of the years 1768-74 most of these lots were sold. No. 1, now owned by Mr. Johnson, was sold to Edward Wentworth; No. 2, to Nathaniel Gulliver; No. 8, to Lemuel Davis; No. 7, to Joseph Fenno; Nos. 8 and 9, to William Bad- cock; and No. 10, to Samuel Yose. These lots changed hands many times before they were finally improved and settled upon by actual residents. The hill was then much steeper than now. At the building of the railroad, in 1847, the land near the river was raised ten or fifteen feet. LAND SALE OE JAMES WABBEN. Hon. James Warren, the third owner of the Hutchinson estate, when about to remove to Plymouth, had that tract of land lying between Canton avenue, High street, Ruggles lane, and the river surveyed and divided into two sections. The line of division is the present wall between the Morton and Thompson estates. The westerly half was sold to Gen. Jacob Gill, in 1795, and the easterly half to Gov. Edw. H. Robbins. On this tract Governor Robbins built the Morton house. In 1800, Aug. 22, he sold this to Samuel Cabot, of Boston. In 1805 Mr. Cabot sold the same to William R. Miller. After Mr. Miller’s death, in 1815, his brother James and his sisters lived for a while in the Morton house, and then sold to Joseph Morton. The old house that stood on the Degan land, near Canton avenue, and opposite Mr. Samuel Gannett’s house, was built by Mr. John Wads¬ worth. It afterwards came into the hands of Atherton Tucker. Subsequently the Millers, who had left, returned to Milton and bought this place, where some of the remaining members of the family lived and died. In the gale of 1815 the roof of this house was secured by ropes to save it from destruction. Miss Annette Miller built the Degan house forty-five years ago, for a young ladies’ seminary, which, if ever fully estab¬ lished, continued but for a short time. The property passed into the possession of Mrs. Gen. Whitney, and her daughter, Mrs. Degan, inherited it from her mother. The Millers sold a corner lot to John Durell, on which he built the house now owned by F. M. Severance. THE JACOB GILL LAND. Isaac Sanderson married a daughter of Jacob Gill, and came into possession of the westerly half of the land. He was a OTHER MILTON ESTATES. 149 paper-maker here in 1798, and lived in the house occupied by the late Dr. Ware. This tract was sold by Sanderson and the heirs of Jacob Gill to Mrs. Dr. Jonathan Ware; a portion of it is still owned by her heirs, upon which they have erected a hand¬ some residence. The other owners are Mrs. George Thompson, E. L.'Pierce, heirs of Capt. J. G. Pierce, Miss Susan C. Richardson, and Thomas Quinn. Gen. Jacob Gill lived in a house that stood where the shoe-shop and building of S. W. Johnson now stands ; he bought of Ann Adams Dec. 12, 1782. He was a hatter by trade, occupying for a shop the location covered by the provision- store of George Everett. He died in Milton Sept. 20, 1820. ESTATES ON ADAMS STREET. Plummer & Swift bought the old Gill house and land, and erected a two-and-a-half story building; in the basement con¬ fectionery was manufactured; stores occupied the first floor; and above was the Odd Fellows’ Hall. The roof was burned away Jan. 11, 1848, and the building was then finished in the way it now appears. The old Mill house stood on land now occupied by the chocolate mill, near the railroad; adjoining was Mr. Collins’ wheelwright’s shop; subsequently he occupied part of a build¬ ing where Mr. Everett’s provision store now stands. In early times the land on the west side of Adams street was a high bank, covered with small buildings; as the houses were built it was lowered to its present level, and the fronts of most of the present houses were ranged exactly on the westerly line of the street. The house owned by Rufus L. Chapman was built by Major Phinehas Paine; he lived there until 1805 or 6, and then removed to Concord; it was afterwards owned by James Campbell, whose daughter R. L. Chapman married. Joseph Fenno, who was connected in business with Daniel Vose, built the house now owned by E. L. Pierce. In the midst of his activities he was drowned while getting a vessel up the river, and his estate passed into the hands of his widow. She married a Mr. Melius and had a son who became a sea-captain, and a daughter who married Benjamin Crehore. Mrs. Melius died February, 1814, when the estate descended to her children. Capt. Melius took the Pierce house. The shop of Benjamin Crehore, which stood on the land, was moved back from the street, enlarged, and fitted into the house adjoining that of Mr. Pierce, the basement serving as a shop; this was conveyed to Mrs. Crehore. About the year 1798 Capt. Lewis Yose and Benjamin Crehore 150 HISTORY OF MILTON. bought one of the lots between Adams and High streets, and began to build a house in company. Mr. Crehore was a piano-maker, earning four or five dollars per day. Capt. Yose was a harness-maker, realizing about a tenth part of the earn¬ ings of his fortunate neighbor; he, however, was a cautious, provident man, while Crehore spent lavishly, with little regard to circumstances. The result was that, as the building pro¬ gressed, Capt. Yose was called upon to meet the payments, and finally became sole possessor of the Yose house, which has continued in the family to the present time, and belongs to the estate, a part of which was so kindly and thoughtfully be¬ queathed by Miss Sarah Yose, the last immediate descendant of the family, in legacies to Milton Public Library, and to the deserving poor of Milton. The personal estate was given to the Library, and the real estate, after the death of present occupants, was given to the minister and deacons of the First Congregational Parish of Milton, for the poor of the town. The house on the corner of Adams street and Canton avenue was purchased by Samuel K. Glover of Samuel Yose. Dr. Glover sold it to Ebenezer Yose, Jan. 5, 1794, for <£450 lawful money. Jan. 13, 1798, Ebenezer Yose sold to Isaac Williams, of Roxbury. April 30, 1806, Williams sold to Moses Whitney the house and buildings, with about one quarter of an acre of land, for $2,100. It was used by Gen. Whitney as a post-office, and as a morocco manufactory. It is now owned by Mr. Robert Gordon. DANIEL VOSE. Daniel Yose married Rachel, daughter of Jeremiah Smith. In company with Joseph Fenno, he bought of Mr. Smith a piece of land on the east side of Adams street, near the way leading to the public landing-place, where the pump now stands. There they erected a building serving as a dwelling- house and store. In this building they traded for fourteen years. In the mean time Mr. Fenno having been drowned, and the business increasing greatly on the hands of Mr. Yose, he was led to put up a store seventy-five feet long and forty-five feet wide, with conveniences for residence above, occupying nearly the same ground as Associates’ Hall. This was burned in 1860. The old house was removed and enlarged, and now stands next to the Milton depot, memorable as the building in which the “ Suffolk Resolves ” were passed Sept. 9, 1774. It is now owned by the Hon. N. F. Safford. Dr. Holbrook occupied the old house before its removal, and also, for a time, the house in its present location. OTHER MILTON ESTATES. 151 COMPARISON. All these men and women who figured here in days gone by have passed to other scenes; and with them, in the progress of years, and in the changed condition of things, have disap¬ peared the attractive features of old-time life. Progress exacts its penalties, but in the long run gives more than it takes. In admiration of the “ good old times ” comparisons are often made to the disadvantage of the present age. While not insensible to the elegant costumes, the stately manners, the chivalric feeling, and the devoted piety of a by-gone age, we nevertheless believe that true nobility of character, genuine kindliness of heart, and unfaltering loyalty to Grod, have not passed away with old fashions in dress, and old styles in furni¬ ture, and with the loved and honored of “ Auld Lang Syne.” The old times were good, but the new are fresher, brighter, broader. Oh! the pleasant days of old, which So often people praise ! True, they wanted all the luxuries that Grace our modern days ; Bare floors were strewn with rushes, — The walls let in the cold; Oh! how they must have shivered In those pleasant days of old! Oh! those blessed times of old! With their chivalry and state; I love to read their chronicles, which Such brave deeds relate; I love to sing their ancient rhymes, To hear their legends told. But Heaven be thanked ! I live not In those blessed times of old! Frances Brown. 152 HISTORY OF MILTON. CHAPTER YI. OLD HOUSES, CELLARS, AND LANDMARKS. “ While to the south the front is found, The hinder roof goes sloping to the ground. Before the shady door the cows and geese repose, While near are pumpkins ranged in yellow rows. There the tall well-sweep reaches to the sky, And here are apples hung on strings to dry.” S we trace out the pathways of those who have been before -CA us, and find here and there the outlines of a cellar, marking the dwelling-place of some one of the early inhabitants; or follow the stone wall along the parallel lines far into the woods, prob¬ ably the work of those who first occupied the land, and undis¬ turbed from that day; or discover the old well of some early settler, the mind is borne back, and we live amid the scenes of other days and other men. Almost all of our privileges are thus associated with others who have been instrumental in conveying them over to our posses¬ sion. Other men have labored here before us; we have en¬ tered into their labors. In the place of our residence we are always walking amidst the monuments of preceding genera¬ tions. The houses we inhabit, the streets we traverse, the trees that hang over us, the sanctuaries we frequent, — all bespeak the agency of other beings who have preceded us in this place of our sojourn. OLD HOUSES , CELLARS, AND LANDMARKS. 153 Before our fathers was the Indian. He was the rightful and original proprietor of this domain. Over these hills he wan¬ dered unmolested, and free as the winds that blow. Our val¬ leys and plains were his garden-spots. The river was his pas¬ sage-way to the hunting and trapping grounds above ; and below the falls, to the islands and fishing-places in the Bay. There is abundant evidence that Unquity was his chosen re¬ sort and abiding-place. The land conveyed to Israel Stoughton, who was among the first to receive a grant from the London Company, which embraced a territory of one hundred acres, situated on the.south side of Neponset river, is described in the grant as the “ Indian Field.” The hill on which Col. H. S. Bussell and H. J. Gilbert reside, sloping back towards Pine-Tree Brook, is described in the laying- out of one of our roads as “ Wigwam Hill; ” while “ Thacher’s Plain,” situated on the northerly side of Pine-Tree Brook, composing the area lying between Brook road and Mattapan street, by well-authenticated tradition, was used as one of their places for raising corn. At this time Nature was in her primeval simplicity, undis¬ turbed except by the red man who roamed through the forests. In the year 1656 Capt. Samuel Wadsworth moved to Milton and took possession of one hundred acres of land on Wads¬ worth Hill, where Capt. E. D. Wadsworth now resides, which was then a wilderness without roads, and a mile from any other inhabitant. The first public way of which there is any record is the road passing from the bridge, at the mill, over Milton Hill. THE FIRST HOUSE. On this way the first house in Milton was erected by Richard Collicut, in 1634, near the corner of Adams and Centre streets. In December, 1634, an order was passed regulating a passage¬ way to Collicut’s house in the Great Lots. This was in the wilderness, a mile from the river on the extreme outskirts of the colony, and subject to attack from the Indians, who, at that time, were more or less troublesome. Many suppose it was partly fortified, or what was called a “ Garrison House,” for the purpose of repelling such invasion. In July, 1636, “ The Town of Dorchester has leave to use Collicut’s house as a watch- house.” Several of our ancient houses were of a peculiar architecture, the second story projecting over the first, two or three feet, thus presenting an appearance somewhat belligerent. Embra- 154 HISTORY OF MILTON. sures and openings for musketry are spoken of. Of this de¬ scription was the house of Anthony Gulliver, at East Milton; the house of Col. Elijah Yose, on Gun Hill street; of William Yose, on “ Yose’s Lane,” and the Hensher house, on the Beal’s place, corner of Centre street and Randolph avenue, just where the new academy now stands. It is a well-known fact that, as the early inhabitants were sub¬ ject to these sudden attacks from the Indians, some of the houses were built in a manner to repel such attacks, as the Craddock house, in Medford. This was more common in interior towns, where garrison houses were built in almost every village. The inhabitants took arms with them into the fields, and even to church. “ Each man equipped on Sunday morn With Psalm book, shot and powder-horn.” It is most likely, however, that these old Milton houses with the projecting fronts were built according to the style prevalent at that time, and which is still continued in old English towns, — a style which is also in a fair way of being reproduced in our day and town. On this early pathway sprang up many houses during the first century of the town’s existence, most of which are spoken of in the chapter on Milton Hill. In the immediate vicinity of the Collicut house the houses not elsewhere described, which have now disappeared, are as follow: On the south-west corner of Pleasant and Adams streets, one occupied by S. T. Bent and J. Myers; on the north-west corner of Centre and Adams street, that of Capt. Jonathan Beal; on the north-east side of Adams street, the houses of W. Badcock, Rawson, Capt. Samuel Reed, Benjamin Field, and Hezekiah Adams, a baker, and also the bakery of Mr. Bent, built of wood, and subsequently, large additions, built of brick, in the rear. EAST MILTON. The village of East Milton is of comparatively recent growth. Most of the houses have been built since the granite business was established in that vicinity. On the first day of January, 1834, there were in that part of the town, east of the junction of Adams and Squantum streets, but fourteen houses, one hotel,— the Railway House, — one meeting-house, and one grocery store. Four of these have disappeared, and the places where they stood are now vacant. OLD HOUSES , CELLARS , AND LANDMARKS. 155 The old Willard Felt house is the one now standing west of the stone cottage; the stone cottage was Mr. Felt’s blacksmith and wheelwright shop, now transformed into a pleasant resi¬ dence. The Capt. Lemuel Pierce house stood where the Samuel Bab¬ cock house now stands. It was bought by Mr. Babcock and moved up towards the ledges on Willard street. The house of Capt. William Pierce, the 3d, stood in the gar¬ den of the stone tavern. It was converted into a store, and re¬ moved about 1826, or later. The house of Capt. Rufus Pierce is the one-story gambrel- roof house now standing next to the East Milton R.R. Station. It was formerly a tavern. Deacon Lemuel Adams lived on the north side of Adams street, in the rear of the large house built by the widow of Charles Adams. He carried on a tannery there, and his sons after him. Deacon John Adams lived in the present Gardner house. In the rear of Nathaniel H. Beals’ house was an old cellar, marking the residence of Rev. Grindall Rawson. He was born in Milton, July 29, 1721, the son of Pelatiah and Hannah Rawson ; graduated at Harvard 1741, and died 1794. He was a Congre¬ gational clergyman, and removed from Milton to the Cape. “Harper’s Monthly,” in an article on eccentric clergymen, gave some of the sayings of Mr. Rawson. An old house stood on the east side of Squantum street, near the Quincy line, where lived Patty or Letty Pierce, and for a time old “ Jemmy Raven.” They formerly lived near the resi¬ dence of Josiah Babcock. All other sites and houses in this vicinity are described in the chapter on Milton Hill. CANTON AVENUE AND VICINITY. Caleb Hobart, who was first a butcher, began the wool busi¬ ness about 1811, in a shop standing on Canton avenue, in the rear of the Godfrey house, which he built; afterwards he re¬ moved the shop to a position just north of the Ruggles house, and continued in the business until 1837. Ruggles Lane is a very ancient passage-way. Passing the Ruggles house it pursued a westerly course across Central ave¬ nue, and through the fields and woods to Brook road. There is no evidence that it was ever a public way; but it is highly probable that it may have been of earlier date than Brook road, a part of which, between Mr. Dudley’s and Mattapan, was not laid out until 1694. 156 HISTORY OF MILTON. In 1826 Caleb Hobart built a house on the north-easterly- corner of Ruggles lane for Charles Breck, then in his employ, where Mr. Breck began his married life. It was removed many years ago. Another house, standing near this, in the garden of Miss Richardson, was burned in 1884. The Ruggles house is of great antiquity. The old part was probably built by Robert Badcock, who died in 1694. The new part was built by Caleb Hobart about 1820. He lived there in 1797. Mr. Caleb Hobart purchased land in this vicinity as early as 1797 of John and Abiel White, of Weymouth. He also bought, in 1797, a tract west of Central avenue of the execu¬ tors of Abijah Sumner, on which were an orchard and an old cellar, and in 1800 he secured a right of way to said land from Joseph Badcock. June 5, 1827, he bought of Richard Blake, of Weymouth, the front land lying between the Ruggles house and Canton avenue; and in 1829 a tract of Henry B. Smith, called the Small Pasture, at $30 an acre. Philarman Ruggles began to occupy the Caleb Hobart estate June 25, 1843. It was sold to T. Edwin Ruggles in 1867. The old cellar north of the Ruggles house and east of the brook is said to mark the quarters of a slave of old Robert Badcock. There is the legend that this slave, by prudent savings, accumu¬ lated quite a sum of money, all in silver, and for safe-keeping buried it in the “ Great Pasture ” (now owned by N. F. Safford), which is yet to be found. Another statement would place a very different occupant in the house once standing there. In a conversation with Mr. Edmund J. Baker regarding this cellar, Mrs. Daniel Vose said that her sister, when a very young girl, used to read the various publishments in the meeting-house to her young companions so easily as to excite remark. In explana¬ tion, she told her sister that she learned to read writing from a clergyman living on the back side of Milton Hill, near the brook, who taught her with his own daughter. Others suppose Teague Crehore lived there; and, as there was quite a good road to this house within the century, it is highly probable that it was something more than slaves’ quarters. On the old pathway between Central avenue and Brook road are two cellars; the one nearest Brook road, according to Mr. Robbins, is the cellar of the Teague Crehore house,—Mr. Crehore was one of Milton’s first inhabitants. In the other house, near Central avenue, probably owned by some of the White family, the location of which is now discovered only by a depression in the surface of the land, some one or more, in other days, to us unknown, “ lived and loved and passed away.” OLD HOUSES, CELLARS, AND LANDMARKS. 157 Fifty years ago a house and barn stood on the east side of Central avenue, on the rising ground in the rear of the resi¬ dence of Mr. W. Cunningham. The passage to it was from Brook road, over the brook. Here for a time lived Oliver Vose. Directly opposite this, on the west side of the avenue, well up towards the Dudley house, was another house. On the westerly side of Brook road, between the extension of Central avenue and the front land of Dr. Littlefield, was the house of Peter White ; no trace of it now remains. He was a prominent man in the early history of the town, and his memory is perpetuated by White’s Lane, and now by White street, which bears his name. He died Jan. 23, 1736, aged 77. Elijah Yose lived in the old homstead of Robert Yose, built by John Glover. It was situated near the brook, at the junc¬ tion of Brook road and Canton avenue. The guide-posts at the corner stand just where the old cellar was seen a few years since. At this point the brook took the name of Sarah, his wife, and was called “Aunt Sarah’s Brook.” In the stormy time of the Revolution, when her husband was dead, and her children were all in the army, it is said that “Aunt Sarah ” often sat knitting at the door, inquiring of every passer-by : “ What news from the war ? I have four sons in the war. What news from the war ? ” Years ago the house on Canton avenue, now owned by Mrs. Godfrey, was the Alpheus French house. Capt. French lived there, and carried on a large business, as butcher, taking up the work of Caleb Hobart. Subsequently the place was bought by Mr. William Davis; the house was enlarged and greatly im¬ proved. He moved the slaughter-house to his land, near the brook, and converted it into the dwelling-house now occupied by Mr. W. Cunningham. In the year 1809, and before, there was an old-fashioned tan- yard between the Davis house and the house now owned by Miss Willard. It was carried on by Major Babcock, who built and occupied the Davis house, now owned by Mrs. White. The business was discontinued at the death of Major. Babcock, in 1812. Gen. Joseph Yose built the house on the corner of Canton avenue and Yose’s Lane, now owned and occupied by his grandchildren, prior to 1761. This gives it an age of one hun¬ dred and twenty-five years. In this house all his children were born. In a letter received from one of his descendants is the following sentence: “ He, unfortunately, for his ambitious pos¬ terity, put in neither gas nor a bath-room into his house,” In the latter part of the last century, the Hobson house, which 158 HISTORY OF MILTON. was moved to its present position from near Gun Hill street, was occupied by Josiah Yose, as a summer residence. Oliver Yose lived there for several years. It finally passed into the possession of Zephaniah Spurr, with much of the adjacent land, Spurr having married into the Yose family. At the decease of Mr. Spurr his estate in Milton was sold at auction by his heirs, in 1824. The whole tract of ten acres, lying between Yose’s Lane, Canton avenue, and Centre street, now known as the “ Whitney Lot,” was sold to Asaph Churchill for the sum of $100. The next morning General Whitney met Mr. Churchill with the question, “ What will you take for your bargain ? ” — “ One hundred dollars,” was the reply. “I’ll give it,” said the General. “ Yery well,” said Mr. C. “ Now what will you take for your bargain ? ” — “ One hundred dollars,” was the reply. “ Cheap enough,” responded Mr. C., “ but I’ll not part with one hundred dollars quite so suddenly.” The house under the big elm, and twenty-four acres lying between Brook road and Canton avenue, with about twenty OLD HOUSES, CELLARS, AND LANDMARKS. 159 acres in the rear of the house, were knocked off to Harvey Yose for $1,500. Two tracts of woodland near by were sold at the same auction to Caleb Hobart, one for eight dollars, the second for sixteen dollars, per acre. Soon after the auction the heirs, thinking they had parted with their property foolishly, bought back of Mr. Yose the house and the twenty acres in the rear, and also the land between Brook road and Canton avenue, pay¬ ing for it all the money received for the entire sale. The house now owned and occupied by Mr. Seth D. and Mrs. A. D. T. Whitney, on Canton avenue and Yose’s Lane, was built by Isaac D. Yose, second son of Gen. Joseph Yose, and after¬ wards merchant in New Orleans. It stood near the Barnard mansion, and was moved upon the Whitney land when pur¬ chased by Mr. Whitney. It had been owned successively by Henderson Inches, Yalentine O. B. Brown, John D. Bradlee, and Charles Barnard. On the north-easterly corner of Reedsdale street and Canton avenue stood the house built by Joseph Calf, about 1760. The name was afterwards changed to Calef. At the decease of Mr. Calef it was conveyed to Ezra Coats, by Ebenezer Winter, and Stephen Calef, May 17, 1798. Jason Reed, Esq., graduate of Harvard, 1816, and for many years Town Clerk and Treasurer of Milton, married Nancy Elizabeth Coats. Ezra Coats died in November, 1824, and his farm of forty-five acres came into the possession of Jason Reed, by various deeds from the heirs. In 1884 the house was taken down, and a new one erected by C. E. C. Breck, who purchased a portion of the front land of the Reed estate. Mr. Reed’s store, and hall above the store, stood west of the house, just where Reedsdale road now opens. The house now owned by G. S. Cushing was built by Rev. Samuel W. Cozzens in 1838. When Dr. Cozzens left Milton, it was sold to Edward Baldwin, April 1, 1848. It has been transformed from a square, stiff structure into the present light and airy abode. The house and barn of Rev. John Taylor, built by himself about 1738, stood where the Town Hall now stands. It was occupied by the Taylor family until it was burned, Sept. 22, 1864. North-east of the Unitarian Church was a red store, removed sixty years ago to the land of Charles Stone, on Randolph turnpike, where it now stands, south of the cottage, on the corner of Centre street and Randolph avenue. Mr. Stone kept store in a part of his house, which stood on the corner. After the red store was moved away, Capt Charles Taylor built a store about where the old Town House used to stand, 160 HISTORY OF MILTON. for his brother Joseph. This, too, was moved, and now forms the front portion of Mr. Charles Breck’s house. Opposite the Academy house, on the easterly corner of Can¬ ton avenue and Highland street, in the low land now owned by Messrs. Cushing & Whitwell, was a tannery, carried on by one of the Pitchers. James Read owned a large tract of land on the south and west side of Canton avenue and Highland street. About a hundred years ago he built a house on the site now occupied by the Silsbee mansion. This was removed by Mr. Silsbee, and now stands south-east of his residence, on Highland street. On the east side of Highland street, at the top of the hill, where Mr. Spafford now lives, stood the residence of Jazeniah Ford, built by Dr. Enos Sumner, in 1771. Mr. Ford married Abigail, the daughter of Seth Sumner, and sister of Dr. Sumner. At the decease of Dr. Sumner the house and land descended to his sister. Near the house was Mr. Ford’s factory, in which playing-cards were manufactured. This building was burned Sept. 4, 1861, and the house at a more recent date. Thomas Read, the son of James, lived on the south-westerly corner of Canton avenue and Highland street. He was a hatter by trade, and had a building there in which he manufactured hats, which was afterwards changed into his dwelling-house. No traces of it now remain, but some of our citizens remember the building and the business there carried on. Enoch Fenno bought of J. Smith Boies a tract of land, near which Thacher street runs, of one hundred and four acres, ad¬ joining and including the estate once owned by Rev. Peter Thacher. He lived in the Thacher house until it was burned, and was engaged in the pottery business. The manufactory was on the point of land between Thacher and Mattapan streets. There are traces of a pond on the land marking the spot where he obtained clay for his works. After the Thacher house was burned, in 1798, the pottery building was converted into a dwelling-house, where Mr. Fenno lived for years. This, too, was burned about forty years ago, but the cellar is still seen, over a portion of which a house is now being erected. The cellar of the Thacher house may be found on the westerly side of Thacher street, about fifteen rods north of Pine-tree Brook. A large elm is growing out of it, and two large flat stones, which, perhaps, were steps, lie near by; while the old well and the cellar drain are distinctly seen. This house, when built, was near the travelled way, as will be seen in the chapter on Highways and By-ways. All the travel from the east part of the town and beyond, to the fresh meadows, and to Dedham, OLD HOUSES, CELLARS, AND LANDMARKS. ' 161 evidently took this direction, as Canton avenue, if laid out, was not passable. The footpath, from Brush Hill to the meeting¬ house, laid out Jan. 30, 1674, must have entered this road at about this point. A short distance north was the Jonathan Badcock house (now Mr. Dudley’s), and between the Badcock house and the Thacher house was the house of Ezra Clapp, the nearest neighbor, and the true and lasting friend of his pastor. At the decease of Mr. Thacher, Oxenbridge, the eldest son, occupied the place while he lived; and probably Oxenbridge, the distinguished patriot, the son of Oxenbridge, lived there, as he was a resident of Milton for several years. His sons, Peter and Thomas, were born in Milton. Miss Hannah Vose, daughter of Moses, who lived in the Jonathan Badcock house most of her life, has left the record that the Thacher house, then owned by Enoch Fenno, was burned in 1798. POUND. The present Pound was built in 1774. This was an impor¬ tant institution in early days, when cattle and swine were turned loose on the highways. The first Pound, in 1670, was on Mr. Cushing’s land, near White street. The second, 1711, stood on the lot of John Trott, near the Parish Parlor. The third stood where the par¬ sonage of Dr. McKean was erected; and the fourth was built as follows: — June 27 1774 voted that Capt. Tucker Mr. Brinsmead Hunt, and Mr. John Bradley he a committee to consider of the most convenient spot for the town to build a pound on and to report at this meeting; accordingly the said committee reported that, in their judgment, the most convenient spot for a pound, is on the ministerial land nearly opposite the lane leading to the house of Joshua and Benjamin Yose, and said report was accepted by the Town. Benjamin Read, son of James, built the house under the “big oak,” opposite the Pound. He married a daughter of Joshua Yose, who owned the house up the lane built by Elijah or Ben¬ jamin Wadsworth in 1765. 1 Hannah Vose, daughter of Joshua, 1 “ To be sold by Public Auction at the house of William Badcock near Milton Bridge on Tuesday the seventeenth day of November next at n oclock A M the farm of Mr Elijah Wadsworth of said Milton containing forty five acres, lying on the High road near the Meeting house; it is inclosed and divided almost wholly with stone walls, and has about two acres of good orchading. The soil is veiy good and is improvable both for pasture and tillage. A large handsome dwelling House has been lately built upon a small eminence near the road extremely well situated for a gentlemans Seat?’ — Boston Evening Post, Oct. 5 , 1767 . This was a sheriff’s sale; the place was purchased by Benjamin Vose, tailor, and at that date first passed into the Vose family. May 25,1769J the north-westerly half was con¬ veyed by Benjamin to his brother, Joshua Vose. 162 HISTORY OF MILTON. married Joseph M. Shepherd, and thus the Yose house passed into the Shepherd family. Benjamin Read was a pump-maker, and his son, J. Elijah Read, who inherited his estate, was a pump- maker, as well as shoemaker; his heirs now live on their father’s estate. The old house that stood on the easterly drive-way to Col. H. S. Russell’s mansion, an eighth of a mile from Canton avenue, the site of which is now covered by his farm-house, was built and occupied by Deacon Cornelius Gulliver. Jonathan Gulliver, and other descendants of Anthony, who owned a large tract on Wigwam Hi ll, probably lived near Cornelius. There is an old cellar on the Churchill land, a short distance from the house of Cornelius, and the site of a house on the Russell land, but a few rods south-east of the deacon’s house. Some suppose these cel¬ lars mark the former residence of some of the Yose family. John Gulliver, who was a carpenter, built the house now belonging to Col. Russell, opposite that of E. D. Fairbank, where also he had his shop. He died in 1804. Lemuel, his son, whose daughter married Josiah Fairbank, built the Fairbank house, and in settling his father’s estate sold his father’s house to Misses Polly, Lizzie, and Mindwell Sumner. They were excellent Christian women. “ Aunt Mindy,” who survived her sisters, is remembered by many of us as a beautiful example of gentleness and patience under deprivations and sufferings. In the field of Col. Russell, midway between the old Robbins house and the house occupied by the Miss Sumners, once stood a house, doubtless the residence of one of the Gullivers. On the north-west side of Canton avenue, nearly opposite the homestead of Rev. Nathaniel Robbins, is seen the cellar of the old Milton parsonage. The parsonage was built by the town for Dr. McKean, in 1T98. It was occupied by Dr. Gile for many years, and was finally conveyed to him by the parish. It was sold by the heirs of Lewis Tucker, who married Mary P. Gile, to Col. B. S.Rotch, the present owner. After the decease of her husband, Mrs. Gile was accustomed, during the summer months, to receive into her family friends from the city. In the summer of 1838 Rev. Dr. Charles Follen, with his wife and their only child, Charles C. Follen, then nine years old, boarded at Mrs. Gile’s. Dr. William Ellery Channing visited him there and remained a week. Our honored citizen, Edward L. Pierce, then nine years old, was boarding at the same place, attending school with the other boys at Milton Academy. His seat at the table was directly opposite Dr. Channing; and he bears in his mind to this day the impression then made by the benign and placid countenance of Dr. Channing, suggesting to his boyish OLD HOUSES, CELLARS, AND LANDMARKS. 163 conception the countenance of St. John, the beloved disciple. Dr. Channing’s widow passed the last years of her life in Milton with her son-in-law, Rev. F. A. Enstis. Mrs. Follen, the biographer of her husband, thus speaks of Mrs. Gile, their hostess, vol. I., p. 487 : — The peaceful retirement which Dr. Follen enjoyed at Milton was balm to his wearied and exhausted spirits. The surrounding country was beau¬ tiful, and our accommodations were excellent. Our hostess was the widow of an excellent orthodox clergyman, who, with her family, ministered to us with that watchful kindness which is the recognition of that great bond of fellowship that should bind together all those who are disciples of the same Master. She often called upon Dr. Follen to lead her family devotions; and it must be a source of melancholy joy to her to remember the truly Christian communion in which we dwelt together in her house. Longfellow has left a record of his visit to Dr. Follen while he was boarding at Mrs. Gile’s. 1 Rev. Dr. S. K. Lothrop, with his wife and son, Thornton, was boarding at the same time with James Breck, who lived nearby. The Doctors Follen and Lothrop were in constant and joyous fellowship during that summer in Milton. It was but two years before the burning of the Steamer “ Lexington,” on which Dr. Follen was a passenger. But a short distance south-west from the Gile house, on the same side of Canton avenue, stood the house and cabinet-shop of James Breck. When the present Gilbert mansion was built by William H. Davis, the buildings were removed; the main house now stands on the south-west corner of Canton avenue and Harland street, and the wing on Harland street. Within fifty feet of Canton avenue, on the westerly side of the main avenue to Col. Russell’s mansion, stood the Samuel Keys house; no trace of it now remains. Mr. Keys married Hannah Gulliver, daughter of Nathaniel, son of Anthony, by whom he had six children. The stone built into the wall in front of the Gilbert mansion on Canton avenue, bearing the inscription, “ Boston I.G. 1776,” was designed to mark the distance from that point to Boston, — eight miles. The lettering was done by Lemuel Gulliver. He placed upon it the initials of his father, John Gulliver, who put the stone in position. The I and J were then used indiscrim¬ inately. i Longfellow’s Life, Vol. i., p. 297. Journal, Sept. 15, 1838. “A glorious morning; bright, and not too warm. Drove with Mrs. Eliot to Milton Hill to see the Follens. Found them buried in trees, in complete solitude and seclusion. The broad-fronted Ger¬ man is writing a book on the soul. Milton Hill commands a grand prospect over villages, fields, forests, and the city, to the great sea itself, stretching blue and vapory beyond.” 164 HISTORY OF MILTON. POWDER—HOUSE. The powder-house, now standing on the grounds of Mr. Gil¬ bert, east of the avenue to the mansion of B. S. Rotcb, was built in 1811. The committee reported May 6,1811, that they are of opinion that one built of brick, eight feet square on the ground, six and a half feet high with an arch turned oyer the top, with a wooden roof, would cost one hundred dol¬ lars, and do recommend such a building for the consideration of the town. Voted to accept the foregoing report, and ordered the said Committee, with the Select men to build a Powder House on the Church land in Milton according to the dimensions recommended by the committee and of the materials by them set forth in the most prudent way at their discretion; and the Select men are directed to make draughts on the Treasurer for the money to carry the same into effect. In tbis building the selectmen met every year to make car¬ tridges for the annual muster, up to the time of the disbanding of the State militia. Benjamin Bronsdon probably built the house on the south¬ east corner of Canton avenue and Poor-House Lane about a century ago. The land was conveyed to him by Isaac Daven¬ port, April 20, 1784; no mention of buildings. He was an extensive butcher. One of his buildings, in which is the large wheel used in his business, is still standing in the rear of Mr. Gilbert’s barn. The cellar on the opposite corner of Canton avenue and Poor-House Lane is where the house of Stephen Babcock stood. This was burned twenty-three years ago. POOR-HOUSE LOT. The Poor-House lot of forty acres was given to the town for this purpose by Governor Stoughton, as appears by the follow¬ ing extract from the records: — Feb. 28.1706/7 Milton S.S. Memorandum. God having graciously put it into the heart of the Honb le . Mr Stoughton late Governor to will and bequeath forty acres of his woodlot in Milton unto said Towne to be im¬ proved by the Select men of said Towne and their successors for the use and benefit of the poor of said Town forever, of which will M r John Danforth of Dorchester [in the right of his wife Elizabeth Executrix and heiress and lega¬ tee of the remainder of said Woodlot] is executor, therefore y e said Executor together with the Selectmen of said Milton and M r John Dane a skilful sur¬ veyor did on the 26 of November enter upon the said land and measure off forty acres for y e said Town out of said woodlot next to Mr Walter Morey’s land southeasterly; a brook being the bounds of the westerly end, and a multitude of trees are marked in the lines which cut the said forty acres from the remainder of said Woodlot, all which then marked trees are agreed to be bound trees; and a platt of said land was then given to the Select men and it was then mutually agreed and the said Danforth granted there should be a liberty for said Select men their successors and assigns to OLD HOUSES, CELLARS, AND LANDMARKS. 165 drive carts and cattle through the remaining land of said Woodlot from the highway and parallel line in it by the side of said Morey’s land unto the nearest corner of said forty acres. The gate being shutt or barrs putt up after the men, carts and cattle, by such as shall use the said way so as no damage may accrue unto the owners of said lott, and when the said owners shall see cause to Fence out the said way the Select men and Towne shall make and maintain one half of the fence, and the way to be two rods wide. Agreed to by us — John Danforth Thomas Swift Thomas Yose George Sumner J> Select-men Manasseh Tucker | Jonathan Gulliver J PROVISION POR THE POOR. From the first existence of the town until 1803 the poor were provided for in the families of citizens, as arranged from year to year by the town. In some cases, when the paupers were too numerous to be cared for in the families, houses were hired by the town, and put in charge of a keeper, as in the following instance : — Dec 12 1754 — Voted that the town will hire Mr Ebenezer Tucker Jun. His house for a work house for the poor — that the Selectmen agree with said Tucker for his house. Mr Benjamin Crane was chosen Keeper of the work-house until next March meeting. This house is now standing on Hillside street, near the Can¬ ton line, known as the “ Johnson House.” The following vote shows the action of the town regarding the first Poor-house :— April 3 1803. Voted to enclose 4 acres of the poor house lot and erect a house thereon for a house for the poor. The house was built in 1805, and a barn about the same time. In 1852 a new barn was built, costing $446, and in 1854 a new house, costing $2,675.90. In 1882 extensive additions were made to the house, and a new stable was built at the expense of $5,715.63. PINE-TREE BROOK BRIDGE. In 1680 the road from the pine-trees to the meeting-house was laid out, and the bridge was built, as appears from our records : — At a public town meeting in Milton March 10th, 1680. If it be your minds to chouse Joseph Tucker Samuel Pitcher John ffeno Henry Glover and Ephriam Newton to be surveyors for the making of a new way and a 166 HISTORY OF MILTON. cart bridge over tbe brooke in the Palill [parallel] line at the pine trees some time this summer who shall by their vote have power to warn every man and his team in the town and every male boy that is in the town above sixteen years of age who are not exempt by law to attend that work being legally warned; and if anie do not attend tha shall be liable to pay the fine according to the ordermade by the Select men concerning delinkquents upon highways ; it is also to be understood that the Sirvayers shall warn every man and hand liable to work once over before they warn one twise. This was voted in the affirmative the day above said. At an earlier date, before the bridge was built, this way was used for travel to some extent. There were large pine-trees near the brook. One of these was cut down and directed across the brook; it was then squared down, and on this the foot-travel crossed, while by its side horses and carts forded the stream. From this circumstance the stream at this point, from the earliest times, has borne the name of “ Pine-tree Brook.” A century ago or more there was a passage-way for carts and foot- travel from Brush Hill to the rear of the present ice-houses, where a log was placed for foot passengers. It doubtless met the road from Pine-tree bridge over “ Wigwam Hill.” BALSTEB’S BBOOK. Balster’s Brook, which empties into Pine-tree Brook, a short distance north of the bridge, took its name from Mr. Balster, a shipbuilder, of Boston, who, in early times, bought standing timber in this section of Dorchester, and used the brook, when swollen by rain and melted snow, for moving it. In 1670 the brook, now called Pine-tree Brook, at the point where Brook road crosses it, near Mr. Dudley’s house, was called Balster’s Brook, and, perhaps, the whole stream originally bore this name through its entire length, except at particular points, and that Balster floated his timber into the Neponset. Such a conclusion would explain the prominence given to Balster’s Brook in our earliest records. For twenty-five years after incorpora¬ tion Balster’s Brook was the dividing line of the town. At a town [meeting 11 March 1669 Increase Sumner and Ebenezer Clapp were chosen viewers of all the fence on the west side of Balsters brook and John Fenno & Henry Glover viewers of the same in all the rest of the town.” Again, “ At a town meeting Feb. 24 1672 William Denni¬ son and John Kinsley to be fence viewers on the east side of Balsters brook, and Ebenezer Clapp and George Lion to be viewers on the other side of the town. This brook, thus considered, would form quite an equal divis¬ ion of the inhabitants two centuries ago, as we recall their residences. OLD HOUSES, CELLARS, AND LANDMARKS. 167 ANCIENT HOUSES. In the vicinity of Pine-tree Brook are several ancient houses. The house on Bobbins street, now owned by Mrs. Murphy, was built by Manasseh Tucker, or by his son, Ebenezer, and was devised in the will of Manasseh, approved May 3, 1743, to the widow of his late son, Ebenezer, and her children, Will¬ iam, and others. It was, therefore, built prior to the above date. It has been successively owned by John Ruggles, Samuel Wales, and John Myers. William Tucker, son of the first William, built the Atherton Tucker house, now owned by John Welch. Ebenezer, son of the first William, built the Kendall house. 1 For a time William kept store in a part of the Welch house ; he was called “ Uncle Billy.” Subsequently the brothers exchanged property, William taking the Kendall house, and Ebenezer the Welch house. At a later date William sold his Milton property to his brother Ebenezer, and removed to Sherburne. This same property, comprising the Kendall house and lands, was conveyed to Seth Sumner by Ebenezer Tucker. Elisha and Davis Sumner, sons and heirs of Seth, sold the same to Alpheus Cary; Ruby Cary, widow of Alpheus, to Hazen- Morse, of Boston; Morse, to Jonathan I. Kendall, Sept. 5, 1827, and the Kendall heirs to Henry A. Whitney, the present owner. On the west side of Robbins street, just south of the brook, Ebenezer Tucker long had a tannery. The vats have been filled up within fifty years ; and the stone used by Mr. Tucker for grinding bark now lies in front of Mr. Blackman’s blacksmith shop on Canton avenue. Quite an extensive business in cabinet-making was carried on by John Myers, in a large building, since burned, which stood in the rear of Mrs. Murphy’s house on Robbins street. Messrs. Lewis and Edwin Clapp, before and after the burning 1 On a pane of glass, in one of the easterly hed-rooms of the Kendall house, are scratched by a diamond or crystal these lines: — Betsey Sumner, May 20, 1805. Sleep dwell upon thine eyes, Peace in thy breast; Would I were sleep and peace So sweet to rest. The signature is carefully covered with scratches, hut it is not difficult to make it out as Nancy Sumner. Betsey Sumner was the first child of Elisha and Nancy [Vose] Sum¬ ner, and' the eldest sister of General Edwin Vose Sumner. These lines seem to he the outburst of a mother’s heart, as she stands over her sleeping child on the morning of her tenth birthday. 168 HISTORY OF MILTON. of their cabinet factory, on Harlancl street, occupied the shop that now stands back of Mr. Safford’s house, on the south side of Canton avenue. MINGO HILL. Not far west of the Kendall house, situated on a rise of land now owned by Mr. H. A. Whitney, on the south side of the avenue, was a small house long occupied by Mingo, an indian or negro, who lived to a great age. The hill is now called “ Mingo Hill.” Mingo lived alone, and, in his later years, was greatly annoyed by the boys knocking at his door, out of pure mischief. All his watching was in vain ; the boys were too cunning. One even¬ ing, just at dusk, Mingo, hearing the hateful knocking, sprang from the back-door around the house as fast as his old legs would carry him, and, seizing the miscreant, exclaimed in triumph : “ Now, Mr. Debil, ise got ye ! ” He was embracing the Hon. Edward H. Robbins, who had come to make his neighbor a call. HARLAND STREET. On the easterly side of Harland street, near the old dam, is a cellar now discernible, where once stood the house of Thomas Harling, who had a grist and saw mill at the dam. Harling was an Englishman, and married two Milton Yoses. Many of our citizens remember the house and the mill, and also the miller. It was many years before Harland street was built. The passage-way to the mill was through the lane, nearly oppo¬ site the Kendall house, and along the edge of the woodland. Harland street took its name from Mr. Harling, but not his name. Near the same location, at the new dam, was erected, many years after, by Mr. Eliphas Clapp, a large two-story building, with water-power, which was leased by Messrs. Lewis and Edwin Clapp, his sons, as a cabinet manufactory. This was burned about twenty years ago. “ Master Babcock,” grandfather of our citizen, Lemuel W. Babcock, lived in a house at the foot of the hill, on Canton avenue. He was a music-teacher of much distinction. Lemuel W. Babcock, and before him, his father, had a black¬ smith’s shop and a store on Canton avenue, a short distance north-east of his house, both of which have disappeared. An¬ other blacksmith’s shop sfood in the orchard, on the opposite side of Canton avenue. Nearly opposite the opening of Atherton street, on the south OLD HOUSES, CELLARS, AND LANDMARKS. 169 side of Canton avenue, a house was built, twenty years ago, by Mr. Boardman; it was burned after a few years. BENT TAVERN. Where the Atherton Tavern now stands, on the corner of Canton avenue and Atherton street, stood a house built by Rufus, or Lemuel Bent, about 1740, where a tavern was kept. April 29. 1759. Lemuel Bent was authorized to beat his drums for enlistment of volunteers for His Majesty’s Service in a regiment of foot for a general invasion of Canada. Signed, Thomas Pownall. Milton Nov. 25. 1761. Received of Josiah How on board the sloop whereof John Atwood is master, twenty live pairs of men’s shoes and five pair of men’s pumps to deliver to Capt. Lemuel Bent at Halifax when arrived, the dangers of the sea excepted. This corner was a stirring place in those early days. Lemuel Bent, the tavern-keeper, was commissioned by Governor Pow- nall enlistment officer for the colony; and two years later he appears bn the field of conflict as captain of his company. BRADLEE TAVERN. John Bradlee lived in Milton before the Revolution, and had five sons and four daughters. All through the revolutionary war he was captain of a company of the militia of Milton, and for a time in Col. Benj. Gill’s regiment. The old Bradlee house, built by Capt. John, was the house standing upon the site now occupied by the mansion of Mr. E. C. Eustis. A few years ago it was enlarged and modern¬ ized, and finally was removed to make place for the present structure. Stephen, son of John, married Sarah Davenport, June, 1790. At his decease, in 1808, she moved to the old Bent Tavern, and there kept a public house called the “ Bradlee Tavern.” Stephen was grandfather of John D. Bradlee, who was long coroner and deputy sheriff of the County of Norfolk, and held various town offices. John D. was the father of the present Selectman and Deputy Sheriff, J. Walter Bradlee. ATHERTON TAVERN. Major Jedediah Atherton, of Stoughton, married Mrs. Brad¬ lee, removed to Milton, and erected the present building in 170 HISTORY OF MIL TOY. 1810, on the site of the old tavern, which took the name of Atherton Tavern. He died Jan. 17, 1824, leaving his widow the proprietor of the tavern, which position she continued to occupy till near the time of her death, in 1840. This house, built after the fashion of the square taverns of olden times, was a wayside home for the extensive travel over the “old Taunton road,” which, in the days of stage-coaches and baggage- teams, required accommodations not needful in our time. It has been a popular resort for balls and parties and merry-making in days gone by. “ The panting horses halted, And travellers loved to tell The quiet of the wayside inn, The orchard and the well.” The old Atherton Tavern was purchased in 1885 by Mr. Wm. H. Talbot, of Boston, who, without destroying its identity, by various additions and embellishments, has converted the plain hostelry of other days into the present attractive summer residence. Between the Atherton Tavern and the estate of John D. Bradlee, on the same side of Canton avenue, was the house of Capt. Thomas Yose. His estate was bounded in the rear by the parallel line which runs through the centre of Canton avenue, from the churches to this point, and can be traced westerly to the Canton line by sections of walls that have not been disturbed for two hundred years. The barn of Mr. Vose stood on the south-easterly side of the road, near which was a passage-way to his wood-lot and lands in the rear. Some of these lands continue in the family to this day, and a right of way to them over this passage-way still exists. Captain Yose married Patience, daughter of Joseph Billings, who was born in the Billings Tavern. He was captain of a troop of horse. In the year 1757 he marched to the relief of Fort William Henry, at the foot of Lake George. He was then in the prime of life, and a man of note in the town. Patience, the wife of Captain Yose, was a woman of uncommon energy of character. At the decease of her husband she continued to carry on the farm with great success, superintending the work and riding on horseback in every direction over the extensive fields, to direct the laborers. In this house were born Daniel Yose, at whose residence, Milton Lower Mills, the famous “Suffolk Resolves” were passed in 1774; and Hannah Yose, who for forty years kept a record of the Sabbath services at the Milton church, including all preachers, texts, additions, bap- OLD HOUSES, CELLARS, AND LANDMARKS. 171 tisms, and other items of great value and interest in our day. This journal, now in the possession of Edmund J. Baker, is a monument which will perpetuate her memory. Just south of the estate of the late John D. Bradlee, and on the same side of Canton avenue, stood the old Glover house; the spot is clearly indicated by the outline of the cellar. Here lived in the last century Moses Glover and others of the family. Samuel Yose occupied the house at a later period; it disappeared seventy years ago. Mrs. David Sumner (“Aunt Debby” as she was called) lived in a house on the south side of Canton avenue, be¬ tween the street and the residence of Daniel Denny, near where the well is now seen. In front of her house was a famous herb garden, which she cultivated with great success. Her herbs and cream she took to market in her chaise, and they always found a ready sale. To a friend who said to her, “ You must find it very fatiguing to get in and out of your chaise so often,” she replied, “I never get out of my chaise. When I get into the streets I make my voice heard, and the people come and buy to stop my noise.” The house was removed to the rear, and taken down in 1884. BILLINGS TAVERN* Farther south, on Canton avenue, at the top of the hill, and directly in front of the Wainwright mansion, stood the Billings tavern, in the early part of this century, called the “ Blue Hill Tavern,” an ancient hostelry, and a famed resort for fancy din¬ ners and high living. Mr. Bobbins is confident that all the Mil- ton Billings’s, after Boger, were born in this house. I find the following reference in Bev. Peter Thacher’s journal: “May 6, 1681, Goodman Man and I went to Mr Billings to see a horse.” “ Nov 14 1683 ; Goodman Billings died.” The conclu¬ sion is, that this house was the residence of Boger in the latter years of his life, and that it was built prior to 1681. It was taken down in 1885, and the timber used in erecting a barn on Thacher’s plain. For several seasons Daniel Webster was a guest at this house with his compeers. Their excursions through the woods for hunting, and to Houghton’s Pond for fishing, are well remembered. In this house was born Charles Howland Hammatt Billings, the distinguished architect. He was son of Ebenezer Billings. Joseph Billings, son of the Joseph who first kept the tavern, was a leather-dresser. In the field opposite his house, on the south side of the street, was his red factory. Here, General Whit¬ ney, who, in after years, followed the same business at the 172 HISTORY OF MILTON. Lower Mills, served his time as apprentice, and worked as journeyman. For many years the field about the factory was a peach orchard, of large, healthy, and vigorous trees, annually loaded with luscious fruit. Hales’ “ Survey of Boston and its Vicinity,” issued in 1821, thus speaks of this tavern: — At the foot of the Blue Hills are situated the country seats of R. D. Tucker and Isaac Davenport, Esqs., as also that elegant tavern, hoarding-house, and fruit gardens, kept by Ebenezer Billings, which is one of the most delightful summer retreats in this neighborhood. On the corner between Green street and Canton avenue stood the “ Davenport store,” famed of old as a halting-place for all the teams. “Baiting for Horses” was in plain sight. The thirsty were also refreshed; and, as all were thirsty in those days, it so happened that the weary traveller seldom passed this store without a friendly call. BRUSH HILL. The beautiful hill in the north-westerly section of Milton from the very earliest times has borne the name of Brush Hill. The tradition is, that shortly before the settlement of the coun¬ try a great forest fire swept over the hill, consuming the trees with everything in its pathway, and that over the burnt district sprang up a thick growth of bushes; from this circumstance it took the name of Brush Hill, which it has never lost. This hill was early occupied. The open fields, strong soil, and wide views drew many of the first settlers to this section. On its southerly slope, commanding a charming view of the Blue Hill range and of the interlying valleys, stands the man¬ sion of Henry A. Whitney, as seen in the picture. This artistic modern structure presents a striking contrast among the build¬ ings of olden times. The estate of Mr. Whitney extends from Blue Hill avenue, southerly, over Canton avenue into the mead¬ ows and forest beyond, embracing, in part, the lands taken up by the Tuckers and Sumners of colonial days. The old house near the paper-mill at Mattapan was probably built by James Boise for his own residence, soon after he pur¬ chased the Mill estate. June 29, 1765, he conveyed to Richard Clark the “ northerly half of the dwelling-house in which he lived, and six acres of pasture land, bounded northerly on the ditch.” The George Hollingsworth house at Mattapan, just south of the canal, on the west side of Blue Hill avenue, is the Jackson house, built by Jonathan Jackson about 1712. It has been OLD HOUSES, CELLARS, AND LANDMARKS. 173 remodelled and enlarged, but most of the original building re¬ mains. Here lived Hugh McLean during the latter years of his life, and John McLean through his early life, until he entered on active business in Boston, and later for the summer months. Mark Hollingsworth bought the place of the Massachusetts Gen¬ eral Hospital, residuary legatee under the will of John McLean, Jan. 28, 1824 ; consideration, $3,500. (See Norfolk Deeds, Lib. 72, Fol. 14.) Soon after incorporation John Trott settled down on the land now owned by Amor L. Hollingsworth; his house stood near Mr. Hollingsworth’s, where the well is now seen. A tract of land east of the house was long known as the “ Trott Pasture.” The house of Samuel Trescott stood on the east side of Brush Hill road, directly opposite the driveway to the Robbins house; his well, near by, is still in use. James Smith Jr Sugar refiner of Boston bought August 1734, of Margaret Trescott, Samuel Topliff, and Hannah his wife 60 acres of land lying on Brush Hill bounded north by the river and on both sides by the road. — Suffolk Deeds, Lib. 49, Fol. 34. 174 HISTORY OF MILTON. Mr. Smith purchased other tracts of land in the same vicinity, making in all one hundred and seventy-one acres. About this time he built the Robbins house. He was a large capitalist, or became such, and is said to have had more mortgages recorded in Suffolk Registry than any other man of his day. We find the following notice of his death : — Last Thursday night, died at his seat at Brush Hill, Milton, Mr. Janies Smith, of this town, sugar-boiler, in the 81st year of his age. His funeral will be attended from the house of James Murray, Esq., in Queen street, this afternoon, precisely at five o’clock. — Boston Evening Post, Aug. 7,1769. Mr. Smith’s second wife was Mrs. Campbell, formerly Eliza¬ beth Murray, sister of James Murray. At the decease of her husband, Mrs. Smith, who afterwards became Mrs. Inman, con¬ veyed, Sept. 28, 1769, to Honorable Thomas Hutchinson, of Milton, and Ezeldel Goldthwait, of Boston, the estate on Brush Hill and elsewhere, comprising one hundred and seventy-one acres, in trust, the income and improvement of the same to go to her brother, James Murray. Mr. Murray improved the place, and was a resident of Milton in 1674, but, sympathizing strongly with the Government in the struggle of the times, he withdrew to Boston, where he passed about a year, and in 1776 went to England. His interest in the Brush Hill estate was transferred to his daughters. They, too, were strong Royalists, and only by continuing to live in the house through the war were they able to retain their Milton property. Robert Tucker moved from Weymouth to Milton about 1662. In Nov., 1668, he purchased three tracts of land on Brush Hill, of Widow Farnsworth, Elder Withington, and Mrs. Fenno, con¬ taining in all about one hundred and seventeen acres. In his will, dated 7th March, 1681, he speaks of the “ new house.” This house is now standing on the west side of Brush Hill road, at the head of Robbins street, owned by Miss Susan W. Clark, a descendant of Robert Tucker, whose ancestor, George Clark, married Elizabeth, daughter of Jaazaniah Tucker, the son of Manasseh; his son, Jaazaniah Tucker Clark, was father of the Milton Clarks. It is probably the oldest house in Milton, and evidently belongs to the old colonial times. The annular in¬ crements in a section of white oak timber removed from one of the beams in repairing this house show a growth of oue hundred and eleven years. This timber, which still remains in the build¬ ing, hard and sound as when first put in place, has an age of at least three hundred years. Miss Clark, in her travels abroad, stopping in the old Prussian town of Goslar, saw many quaint houses, and secured the photo- OLD HOUSES, CELLARS , AND LANDMARKS. 175 graph of one after which she decided to fashion the roof and exterior of her Brush Hill house. The knocker on the front door of the remodeled house was brought from Goslar. On the east side of Brush Hill road, but a short distance from the Tucker house, is the Sumner house, built but a few years later, by Roger Sumner, and still owned and occupied by the Sumner family. The inventory of his Milton estate was taken by Thomas Yose, Ralph Houghton, and Samuel 176 HISTORY OF MILTON. Trescott, 14th Dec., 1700, “Mary Sumner, the widow of Roger, to have as her thirds the old end of the dwelling-house in Mil- ton, valued at <£18 8s.” Waitstill [Sumner] Tucker, eldest daughter, “to have one-third part of the chamber, and one-third part of the garret in the new end of the dwelling-house, and other estate.” Between the Tucker house and the house of Joshua W. Yose, on the same side of Brush Hill road, were the Foord and Jones houses. The Jones house, which was first the Blake house, was struck by lightning in 1789 and the westerly part torn to pieces; both of these have disappeared. Nathan Foord, of Marshfield, married Waitstill Tucker, daughter of Jaazaniah, son of Manasseh Tucker, and took up his residence on the Tucker estate, Brush Hill, Milton. Here sprang up a family of nine children. All were born in Milton, and most of them marrying residents of the town, became closely associated with its inter¬ ests. James, the second son, married Hannah Blake, of Milton. He was made Register of Deeds for Norfolk County, April, 1818, and was successively followed in this office by his son Enos Foord, and by James, the son of Enos, now resident in California. The old Yose house was in the field, down the hill, perhaps twenty rods east of the Jesse Yose house. The house of Deacon Edward Capen stands on the highest land of Brush Hill occupied by a Milton residence, and lower down, on the same side of the street, is the house of Deacon Amariah Tucker and his son, Deacon Nathan Tucker, all faith¬ ful, earnest men. In the winter of 1788-9 the house of Dea¬ con Amariah Tucker was consumed by fire. There was a party that night at Dr. Turner’s, who lived on Canton avenue, where Mrs. Eldridge now resides, in full sight of Deacon Amariah’s house. When the party broke up, at midnight, Dea¬ con Amariah’s house was seen to be on fire. A horseman gal¬ loped with all speed over the road, nearly a mile, and aroused the family in season to rescue them from the flames, but not to save their effects. The tall, massive Willard’s clock, now ticking in the drawing-room of Miss M. E. Tucker’s house, was almost the only valuable article saved; it cost Deacon Amariah sixty silver dollars. This was passed out of the window, and Deacon Amariah’s wife, a slight woman, took it in her arms and bore it through the deep snow across the road to a place of safety. Ordinarily it would test the strength of two men. The present house was built during the next year. The old original George Sumner house, built about 1662, stood in the field south-east of the Ferry houses. It was burned OLD HOUSES , CELLARS , AND LANDMARKS. 177 down April 10, 1748, and another house was built. Subse¬ quently, Abijah Sumner, son of Benjamin and grandson of George, lived in this house. His only daughter, Sarah, married Joshua Kingsbury. Their daughter, Rhoda, married Simon Ferry. Mr. Ferry bought out the other heirs, and came into possession of the estate. He continued to reside in the Sumner house until about 1836, when he built the Ferry house, now standing on the south side of Brush Hill road, near the great elm. In 1848 the old Sumner house was taken down, and an¬ other was built for George S. Ferry; afterwards this was moved to the position on Brush Hill road, where it now stands, still owned and occupied by G. S. Ferry, son of Simon. In this house is a charred timber from the old house burned in 1748. April 10, 1748. Mr. Benjamin Sumner’s house in Milton caught on fire, and was consumed with most of the wearing apparel of the family. — Boston News Letter. The old Edward Blake homestead, last owned by Ziba Blake, was on the north side of Brush Hill road, east of the house of Deacon Nathan Tucker, and near the house of Mr. White. His estate extended back to the river, as did most of the estates on the north side of the road. A little south-east of the Nathan Tucker house, on the opposite side of the road, was the Noah Damon house. It was standing in 1781. The house of George Tucker, which stood north of the road, in the rear of the Dana Tucker house, was sold by his son, E. G. Tucker, and removed to the Capen estate, on some of the highest land of the hill, where it now stands, near the Capen driveway. The small-pox hospital was located on the George Tucker farm, in the rear of the Dana Tucker house. George Tucker of Milton yesterday fell from the tongue of his wagon while passing through Roxbury and was immediately killed. — Boston Evening Post, June 19, 1805. There lies before me, as I write, a touching obituary notice, with lines on his death, by Edward H. Bobbins. The old Lion house, belonging to descendants of Preserved Lion, one of Milton’s earliest citizens, stood on the north side of Brush Hill road, east of the Timothy Tucker house, and very near the house of Edward Finn , no trace of it remains. The Reuben Lion house is the old Brush Hill school-house enlarged. It originally stood very near the Brush Hill road, on 178 HISTORY OF MILTON. land now owned by William M. Ferry, between his barn and the road. The exact location is indicated by the English elms growing there, first planted by Gov. Robbins when be owned the land. South of the Elijah Tucker house, and on the opposite side of Brush Hill road, on land now owned by Miss Forbes, stood the first Yose house, where the progenitors of the Brush Hill Yoses lived. The Yose land originally extended nearly to Paul’s bridge. Deacon Oliver Houghton, one of Milton’s best citizens, lived in the old house on Brush Hill road, at the head of Atherton street. The house is now moved to the rear, and the lot is occupied by “The Woodpecker,” a summer boarding-house recently moved to this locality. John Shepard Crehore had a chair manufactory on the Ly¬ man Davenport place. Here, and at Adam Davenport’s chair factory on Milton Hill, the old-fashioned, hard-wood, high- backed chairs were made. These are still found in Milton families, and are prized for their comfort and durability. Early in this century John Crehore owned a large farm near Paul’s bridge [early known as “Hubbard’s Bridge”], a part of which now belongs to Mr. J. Mann. It was then an extensive dairy farm. “In 1812 John Crehore made 2181 lbs. of cheese, and sold 200 bbls. of apples.” He was the first in Milton to raise strawberries for market. Here also originated the “Diana Grape,” which took the name of Diana Crehore, wife of John, who raised the grape from the seed of the Catawba. It was named and introduced by the Massachusetts Horticultural Society more than fifty years ago, and still holds its place among our best native grapes. The original vine was living fifteen years ago. On one corner of Blue Hill avenue and Robbins street stood the toll-house of the old Brush Hill turnpike, where toll was taken as late as 1844. This was moved farther up and con¬ verted into the house of Mr. Gilbert Sumner. The toll-house was kept by Mr. McKendry, who had a hatter’s shop on the opposite corner. Mr. Wilder Broad, the carpenter, bought the shop and land and built his house there. When Mr. H. A. Whitney came into possession of the land on that corner, this house was bought by Herbert B. Tucker, and moved to Matta- pan, where it now stands, on Brush Hill road, owned by Patrick Morton. scott’s woods. The origin of this name, attached to a portion of the territory annexed to Milton on the south-west, in 1712, is still in doubt. OLD HOUSES, CELLARS, AND LANDMARKS. 179 Mr. Robbins’ hypothesis, that it took its name from the Scotch¬ men employed by the Braintree Iron Company, is not supported by facts. In his address appears the following statement: — The town of Boston was greatly interested in the undertaking, and the location of the works at Braintree was encouraged by a grant of three thousand acres of land, still belonging to Boston, at that place. This tract is the same land which was purchased in 1711 by Mannaseh Tucker, Samuel Miller, and John Wadsworth, of Milton, and divided by the Court be¬ tween Braintree and Milton at that time. The fifteen hundred acres at¬ tached to our jurisdiction forms the present Scotch Woods Settlement. The land purchased by the above citizens of Milton in 1711 was the tract known as the “ Blue Hill Land,” belonging to Boston. This section was remote from, and had no connection with, the grant to the Iron Company. It is wholly distinct and separate territory. , I cannot understand how our honored citi¬ zen, usually so correct, was led into this error; but, with his statement, such an origin of the name of this section of our town seemed natural. It is highly probable that Scott’s Woods took its name from a family by the name of Scott residing on the territory before its annexation with Milton, and continuing in Milton through the whole of the last century. Benjamin Scott, of Braintree, whose will was proved April 9, 1684, gives his brother Peter all his estate, until Peter’s son, Benjamin, reaches the age of twenty-one years, then the son Benjamin takes half; if this son dies before the father, then the next son takes it. If Benjamin should live to enjoy the house and land after his father’s death, he shall pay to his brother, Peter Scott, <£10, and to John £5. John, the son of Benjamin, was baptized in Milton, November 22, 1702. Ebenezer Scott joined the church in Milton, 1748; he married Sarah Williams, of Dorchester, April 12, 1741. Sarah, wife of Ebenezer, died 1791. Mary, the daughter of Ebenezer, baptized November 22, 1747, and Catherine, daughter of Ebenezer, baptized November 19, 1749. Jan. 26, 1792, Samuel Scott married Susanna Tucker. Mrs. Susanna Tucker, wife of Capt. Nathaniel Tucker, of Scott’s Woods, fifty years ago made the following statement to Edmund J. Baker: That an old man named Scott lived near the point where the old Scott’s Woods road crosses the Randolph avenue, and that some part of that road was through his lands. Mrs. Tucker was born in 1777 ; she obtained her information from Samuel Tucker, born in 1731. With her in¬ telligence and means of knowing the facts, and with her im- 180 HISTORY OF MILTON. pression that the neighborhood took its name from this family, the probability almost reaches certainty. Manasseh Tucker, one of the four grantees of the “ Blue Hill Land,” continued to reside on his Brush Hill estate. His son Samuel, who had married Rebecca Leeds, of Dorchester, March 2, 1711, moved upon the new purchase in the wilderness, where a house was built, referred to in the will of his father. It prob¬ ably stood on Hillside street, where the house of Charles K. Hunt now is, and may have been in part the same house. In this house the third Samuel Tucker, great-grandson of Manasseh, lived through most of his life, and finally removed to the tavern on Randolph avenue built by him, where he died, July 19,1841, aged ninety-one years, then the oldest man in Milton. The house nearest the Canton line, on Hillside street, known as the “ Johnson House,” was the old Tucker, afterwards Far¬ rington house, conveyed by the Tuckers, June 5, 1760, to Seth Crane, and by him conveyed to Jonathan Farrington, June 14, 1785. Here were born Jonathan, Abel, John, and Nathaniel Farrington. This house or some other was standing here in 1754, and was conveyed by William Tucker, son of Ebenezer, to Ebenezer Tucker, Jun. Dec. 12, 1754. Voted that the town will hire Mr. Ebenezer Tucker, Jun. His house for a work house for the poor. Mr. Benjamin Crane was chosen keeper of the work-house until next March meeting. The old Benjamin Crane house was that known as the Elijah Hunt house, who married Rachael Crane. Ralph Houghton removed from Lancaster to Milton in 1690, and soon after built the Houghton house. In 1722 the house and one hundred and fifty acres of land were conveyed to Ebenezer Houghton by his father, Joseph. It continued in the Houghton family until 1885. It is now about two hundred years old. November 27, 1800, two sons of Jason Houghton, always called “ Master Houghton,”— Charles Pierce, aged eleven, and Warren, aged eight years,—were sent upon the ice by their father to bring within shot duck that had settled in the open water, when they broke through, and were drowned before his eyes. Joseph Hunt, of Randolph, living near the boundary of Milton, whose wife, Beula, died June 13, 1873, at the great age of 104 years, bought of John Houghton, son of Nathaniel, a tract of land on Hillside street, on which stood an old house called the “ Barracks,” probably a garrison house in the Indian wars. His son Thomas took down the old building and erected the present OLD HOUSES, CELLARS, AND LANDMARKS. 181 house, long known as the Thomas Hunt house, and now owned by Mrs. E. M. Cary. North of this house, on the same side of the street, just where the hill begins to rise, stood an old house in former years, no trace of which now remains. It was occupied for a time by a blind woman, Nanny Smith. When Deacon Houghton’s children were drowned in the pond she stood at her door agonized by their screams. “ Aunt Sally Sampson,” sister of Thomas Hunt, lived in an old house standing where the Simmons house now is. Artemas Kennedy, grandson of Andrew Kennedy, Jr., moved from Westport to Milton, to the estate of his ancestors, in Scott’s Woods, where he established a bakery about 1820. He built the house now owned by his son, J. L. Kennedy. His bakery was east of his dwelling-house, where a large business was done for several years, and many workmen employed. At his decease the business was continued by his sons and Jason Thayer, till 1856. Andrew Kennedy, Jr., son of Capt. Andrew Kennedy, of the Navy, was the adopted son of John Pitcher. He kept tavern in Milton during the Revolutionary war. He and four of his sons were at the battle of Lexington. He married Amy Went¬ worth, 1753. The Kennedy place was owned in the first years of the town by John Pitcher; a cellar, on the south side of the street in the fields, indicates the position of his slaves’ quarters. A short distance up Forest street is a cellar where the Tynes house stood which was recently burned. Jeremiah Tucker, son of Jeremiah, called “Master Jerry,” lived in the house east of the Kennedy house, which he built. Alpheus M. Withington bought the Samuel Tucker estate, and sold to Thomas Hunt, who sold the same to Charles K. Hunt and Samuel Cook. The bakery of Mr. Tucker, occu¬ pied by his son Joshua, was in a buiiding on the north side of Hillside street, a little east of his residence; it has been changed into a dwelling-house, now owned by C. K. Hunt. The bakery of Nathaniel Tucker stood on the same side of the street, still further east; it was changed to a dwelling-house and removed to the avenue of Col. Russell, in the rear of his Scott’s Woods house. white’s and wild’s taveen. The Copeland house, which stood on or near the site of the residence of C. L. Copeland, and was removed to Randolph avenue, near Pleasant street, was in early times owned by Mr. White, who kept tavern there. It was afterwards known as 182 HISTORY OF MILTON. Wild’s tavern. In the year 1787 a man belonging in Mid- dleboro’ started on horseback from Boston to that place, and got as far as Wild’s tavern, where he died of yellow-fever. Capt. Nathaniel Tucker’s house, now owned by Col. Bussell, was the Stephen Miller house spoken of in the history of the Miller family. Capt. Tucker and Capt. Withington built the Lewis Tucker house, and had a bakery in the shop near by ; this was changed by Lewis Tucker into a cabinet-maker’s shop. William B. Washburn, Governor of Massachusetts, and member of Con¬ gress, the successor of Charles Sumner, when a boy, lived with Capt. Nathaniel Tucker for two years, as assistant on the farm, and attended the Scott’s Woods school. He went from Mr. Tucker’s to Deacon Adams’, and after that began his prepara¬ tion for college. Capt. Isaac Tucker, the son of Jeremiah, lived in the house built by himself, now owned and occupied by Aaron D. Vose. This house is very old, and has been rebuilt and repaired. Capt. Isaac was a man of sound judgment and firm principle ; he was greatly respected by all his contemporaries. He was ap¬ pointed captain of a company of the 6th Regiment, 1st Division, Militia, County of Suffolk, May 25, 1789. His commission, signed by Governor Hancock, is in the possession of his de¬ scendants. Deacon Isaac Tucker, son of Capt. Isaac, had a house just west of the Aaron D. Vose house, built for him by his father, which was burned after his death; his widow built again on the same site ; her house was also burned, and a cabinet-maker’s shop near by. Deacon Isaac possessed a strong personal character. He was beloved and esteemed in the church and town. He died at the commencement of a career of great usefulness. Deacon David Tucker, son of Jeremiah, and father of Deacon Jesse Tucker, lived in a very old house standing near the house of David W. Tucker. Deacon Jesse took this house down and built the present house in 1837. These two deacons, father and son, are well remembered, and Deacon Jesse distinctly so, by the people of Milton. They were high-minded, noble men, whose influence will never die. A knoll, covered with pine-trees in the rear, and somewhat to the east of this house, is, by tradition, an old Indian burial- place. Indian relics have been found in the near vicinity, —- arrow-heads and a tomahawk. Far up on Chickataubut hill, south-east of the house of D. W. Tucker, are seen the well-defined foundations of a building, five hundred feet above sea level and very difficult of access. What OLD HOUSES, CELLARS, AND LANDMARKS. 183 misanthrope could have sought a residence there ? or was it a signal-station during the war? cl auk’s tavern. Clark’s tavern, on Randolph avenue, was built by Samuel Tucker in 1809, for his son Joshua, for the purpose of accommo¬ dating the travel on the new turnpike. It was purchased by Minot Thayer, who kept it as a hotel. It was successively rented to Cephas Belcher, Mr. Linfield, Vinton Clark, and Mr. Huckings, each of whom kept it several years. Wm. H. Clark purchased it in 1877, after having carried it on twenty-four years. The house opposite was built by the father of Robert Vose, Esq. It was purchased by Mr. Swift, of Bridgewater, enlarged to its present dimensions, and used as a hotel for sev¬ eral years. Mr. Swift was a blacksmith, and had a shop near his barn. It now belongs to the Wm. H. Clark estate. Mr. Isaac Copeland, grandfather of C. L. Copeland, lived on the old Scott’s Woods road, a short distance from D. W. Tucker, in a house which has disappeared. It was early known as the Miller house. His wife, Rebecca [Pierce] Copeland, before her marriage lived in the family of Gov. Belcher, while he was a resident of Milton. The house of Capt. Samuel Wadsworth, who fell at Sudbury, 1676, was opposite the residence of George K. Gannett; this was burned in 1669. The family took temporary refuge in the barn, where Rev. Dr. Benjamin Wadsworth, minister of Bos¬ ton, and President of Harvard College, was born. Another house was built, and remained there till 1803. The walls of this house, and of many old houses in Milton, were packed with seaweed. The gale of 1815 was from the south-east. It prostrated chimneys, unroofed houses, and laid flat acres of woodland. The house of George K. Gannett, then owned by John Gib¬ bons, was a story and a half high; the gale blew off the roof, and in repairing the damage, it was raised to two stories. The old Bent house was probably built by Josiah Bent. Here the bakery was started in 1801, in a single small oven. It is now used as a storehouse for the bakery. The Reed house, opposite the bakery, was built by John Gib¬ bons. It was owned for a time by Josiah Bent. Noah Reed, by whose descendants it is now owned and occupied, bought it of Joel Pratt in 1801. The old Wadsworth house, standing on the grounds of Capt. E. D. Wadsworth, was built by Benjamin Wadsworth, the great- 184 HISTORY OF MILT OH. great-grandfather of Capt. Wadsworth, in 1735. It appears at the heading of this chapter. The large square house, formerly of Josiah Wadsworth, on the east side of Highland street, was built by John Wadsworth, who lived there at the time of the Revolution. About 1800 it was enlarged, and a second story was added by Deacon Will¬ iam Wadsworth, father of Josiah, for the purpose of furnish¬ ing accommodations for the pupils of Milton Academy. NEW STATE. New State took its name in this wise. Daniel Yose was en¬ gaged in an extensive grocery and shipping business at the vil¬ lage, having a large wholesale grocery store, and employing many men. The idle men from the section of the town in the region of Pleasant street were accustomed to congregate at his store for the extra work which Mr. Yose furnished; thus, many times, spending day after day in loafing and idleness. Allen Crocker, the chief clerk of Mr. Yose, exasperated by the lazy habits of the people, on one occasion, when the gang were loaf¬ ing around the store, told them that they were a worthless set, and a nuisance ; that God Almighty would rain fire and brim¬ stone on them as he did on Sodom and Gomorrah, were it not for Stephen Horton; he saved the place. They were not fit to live in Massachusetts; he would rid the State of such a crew, and set them off into a new State by themselves, — that Moses Belcher was to be Governor, John Marshall, Lieut.-Gov- ernor, and Asa Horton, Secretary of State. The tirade was effective. From that day the place was called “ New State,” and Moses Belcher was known only as “ Governor Belcher ” till his death. On the east side of the old way, as it used to go, from the foot of Reed street across Randolph avenue, and up over the hill, is a cellar in good preservation, where lived, perhaps, a Crane, and, perhaps, a Scott; no one living knows. The house was not standing in 1795. Remains of the asparagus bed are still visible. On the south side of Pleasant street, near the Brophy house, stood the old house of Rufus Gulliver. On the north side of Pleasant street, on land of D. G. Corliss, a short distance east of his house, was the residence of Joseph Calef; he married Mehitable Miller in 1758. He built the Jason Reed house, and sold it to Ezra Coats. The house of Alexander Yose stood on the south side of OLD HOUSES, CELLARS, AND LANDMARKS. 185 Pleasant street, nearly opposite the house of Aaron W. Vose. Indications of the cellar are now visible. Asa Horton was a venerable-looking man, of long, flowing white heard. He lived a hermit’s life on Gun Hill street, near the cemetery entrance, where the well is now seen. The pond near his house, on the west side of Gun Hill street, on which the boys now skate, is called to this day “ Asa’s Pond.” The old Murray house was removed from the site where the Bailey mansion stood to the place it now occupies, nearly op¬ posite the residence of Mr. John Higgins. The old house of John Higgins was the residence of Moses Belcher, who obtained the sobriquet of Governor, in the es¬ tablishment of “ New State,” already described, and was always after known as “ Governor Belcher.” Directly east of this is the cellar marking the residence of John Marshall, and the land in front and in the rear comprises the “ Marshall farm.” On the opposite side of Pleasant street a passage-way opens, on which lived some of our earliest citizens. A short distance up this way, where the barn of John Craig now stands, was the house of Stephen Horton, which was standing within the mem¬ ory of some of our oldest citizens. This house was the station at which were conducted the famous experiments in vaccina¬ tion, October, 1809, described in another chapter. An eighth of a mile south-west of Stephen Horton’s house, on a hill, was the house of Enoch Horton; a portion of the cellar wall now stands, plumb and strong to the very top. About the same distance south of Stephen Horton’s house are indications of a cellar, with the garden in front, supposed to mark the abode of one of the Crane family. This hill was early called “ Hull’s Hill.” Nearer the street was the house of Stephen Horton, son of Enoch, destroyed by fire a few years since. A new house now stands over the same cellar. Within fifteen years seven houses have been built along this ancient pathway, and on the beautiful summits in the immediate vicinity. On the westerly side of Pleasant street, where it makes a sharp angle to the north, was the old Talbot house. This was removed farther north, and now forms the rear of the Pierce house. Opposite the site of the Talbot house, on the east side of Pleasant street, stood the house owned and occupied by Joseph Hunt; a little farther east, on the lane to the quarries, was the Samuel Hunt house. These have disappeared; but still farther east, crowning a hill among the waving trees, is the mansion of Edward Cunningham. Up the passage-way to the house of Mr. Samuel Brown, and 186 HISTORY OF MILTON. in the rear of his barn, stood a house erected by the Babcocks, who, a hundred and fifty years ago or more, carried on the tan¬ nery business in that locality; the position of the vats in the valley may be seen to this day. The last occupant of this house was Joshua Ward, a gardener and grafter, known to many citi¬ zens ; it was destroyed by fire twenty years ago. The tan- house, afterwards owned by E. Winter Calef, was burned in 1773. GUN HILL STREET. This street is supposed to have taken its name from the fol¬ lowing incident. In the Indian wars, from lack of horses, heavy guns were sometimes drawn from place to place by detachments of troops. On one occasion, when passing over this hill, which was then traversed by a drift-way, a gun became so imbedded in the mud that it was necessary to abandon it for the night, and to protect it from seizure by the Indians with a guard of soldiery. From that time it has borne the name of “ Gun Hill.” The Hunt House, on Centre street, opposite Milton Ceme¬ tery, was built by Josiah How for his son Lemuel. Lemuel subsequently removed to Templeton. Josiah How sold the house and land, about seventy rods, with a shoemaker’s shop and chaise-house thereon, to Ziba Blake, September 8, 1790. Ziba Blake sold it March 3, 1791, to Jeremiah Crane ; at the same time Josiah How, of Milton, and Lemuel How, of Temple¬ ton, conveyed to the said Jeremiah Crane seven and one-eighth acres of land immediately around the house. The “ Peggy How ” house, near Milton Cemetery, on Ran- dolph avenue and Centre street, is very ancient. It was built by Isaac How, who moved from Dorchester to Milton about 1743. On the Asaph Churchill land, Churchill’s lane, south of Mr. C. M. S. Churchill’s house, formerly stood four houses built by Mr. Churchill many years ago. The cellars alone remain. The stone cottage on Randolph avenue, near Reedsdale road, was built by Joseph N. Howe, about 1830; he married Rebecca Calef, who inherited the land. The Henshaw house stood on the corner of Randolph avenue and Centre street. In excavating for the cellar of the new Mil- ton Academy, the foundation of the chimney was discovered, and perfect bricks, probably two hundred and fifty years old, were found. The house of Col. Elijah Yose stood on the west side of Gun-hill street and Randolph avenue. This house was used as an inoculating hospital in 1777 and later. OLD HOUSES, CELLARS, AND LANDMARKS. 187 The Shepard house, now owned and occupied by Thomas H. Hinckley, was bought by his father, Capt. Robert Hinckley, of Samuel Mather [deed recorded at Dedham, Lib. 86, Fol. 168], who bought of John Wells. One of the Mather family once lived there ; the shelves now in use in the pantry of the house were the book-shelves of Mr. Mather. ALGERINE CORNER. Hon. Edward H. Robbins owned several tracts of woodland in the region of Algerine Corner. These lots were yearly en¬ croached on by some of the residents in that section for their winter wood to such an extent that he determined to stop it. Knowing one of the parties, he went directly to him with this proposition : “ If you will promise to keep out of my wood-lot for this winter, I will give you the best load of wood ever cut in Milton.” The man, looking at him in amazement, replied : “ No, Squire, I can’t agree to that bargain, I should lose too much money! ” Mr. Robbins retaliated by naming them a “ set of Algerines .” The name stuck to the corner. Some years ago the residents in the immediate vicinity pro¬ posed as a name for this locality, “ Union Square,” which was adopted by the town, and made a matter of record. 188 HISTORY OF MILTON. CHAPTER VII. HIGHWAYS AND BY-WAYS. And round and round, over valley and hill, Old roads winding as old roads will, Here to a ferry, and there to a mill.” [ Whittier. ] ,N the gathering of people together into neighborhoods, vil- lages, and towns, one of the first things to be sought out is an easy passage-way from hamlet to hamlet, from house to house, to provide for social converse, and for the many occasions in life when men are dependent on each other, and need com¬ fort, counsel, and aid from their fellow-men. Necessity follows the most direct and easy pathway, turning aside to avoid obstacles which it has neither time nor power to remove. Thus the first settlers of Milton spent but little time or money in the construction of roads. They used the “ Indian Trail,” or beat out the foot-path, or bridle-path, by following each other from day to day in the same track, winding around hills, and avoiding low, wet places; and, after a time, widened it out for a cart-path. On these tracks they built their houses and established their homes, sometimes remote from each other and often in the wilderness, apart from any direct communi¬ cation with neighbors. There were foot and cart paths, “ drift¬ ways,” and “ cattle-beats ” all over the town before the con¬ struction of regular roads, and often on the line of these early ways, which proved to be the most feasible, the future highway was built. ROAD OVER MILTOH HILL, 1654. The first road in this territory, of which we have any record, was laid out from Braintree [now Quincy] over Milton Hill, through Dorchester, to the Roxbury line, as follows: — Wee whose names are here vnderscribd, and being appynted by our several Townes and being mett this first day of the 7 : m° 1654: to lay out the High Waye through Dorchester Woods from Brauntre Bounds to Rox¬ bury Bounds, do agree as followeth: HIGHWAYS AND BY-WAYS. 189 first, that the Waye shall be fowre Rodd Wide from Brantre bounds to Roxbury bounds, secondly, beginning neere Hinrye Crane’s house the way to Lye on the Sowthest side of it in the old Beaten roede waye; and so to a Lowe White oake marked on the same side of the waye, and so by the marked trees to the brooke ; so from the Brooke the way being Lade in the Winter we agreed to take about a roode wide into Anthony Golliford’s lott wheare the fence Interrupts the waye; and to a marked post towards John Gills house: and from thence to a stake in Elder Kingsley’s yearde, and from thence to the mille in the olde beaten roede waye: &c. — of Dorchester Nicholas Clape. William Clarke. of Brantree Moses Paine. Gregory Bellcher. [Record Commissioners’ Fourth Report, page 70.] This road was projected and built by Dorchester before Milton was set off. It began near the house of Henry Crane, one of our oldest citizens, who lived at East Milton, on the north side of Adams street, between the residences of E. B. Andrews and Wm. Q. Baxter, somewhat in the rear, and on land now owned by N. H. Beals, just where a new house is now being built. At a later date the house of Charles Pierce was erected in front of the Crane house, quite near the street, where the well is now seen. This, too, has disappeared. Anthony Golliford’s house stood opposite the house of G. W. Bass, between Squantum street ,and the brook. As Adams street reaches the brook, going northerly, it diverges out of line, north-easterly, into the Gulliver land, as indicated in the old record. John Gill’s house, at that date, stood on the north side of Adams, nearly opposite the opening of Pleasant and Centre streets. Elder Kingsley’s house was near the “ Old Babcock House,” now owned by Mr. Cornelius Babcock. This old highway, laid out sixty-six feet wide, from the Braintree line to the Mill and beyond, is the identical road now known as Adams street. It has retained the same general direction and outlines for the long period of two hundred and thirty years, although not in early times improved to its present width. Before it was laid out, there was a beaten path from the river, over the hill, and on towards the Ply¬ mouth colony. It is always referred to in the records of Dorchester as the “Country Heigh Waye.” Mr. Edward Adams, of East Milton, informs me that when this old way was laid out one of his ancestors contracted for building a section of it, and thus se¬ cured the tract of land ever since owned by his descendants. 190 HISTORY OF MILTON. TWO OTHER, ROADS BUILT BY DORCHESTER. A few years later, and before the incorporation of Milton, two highways were laid off from the “ Country Heigh Waye ” to run into the woods towards the Blue Hill, as appears in the Fourth Report of the Record Commissioners: — [Page 94.] “At a meeting of the Selectmen the :10:11:1658: it was ordered that William Ro ben son and Thomas Mekens are appointed to lay out the landing place by Naponset Mill and the landing place in M r Huchen- sons farme: And it is further ordered the same day that the aboue sayd William Robenson and Thomas Mekens are appointed [to view] the most convenient places for two heigh wayes from the Country heigh way to run into the woods towards the Blue Hill and to make Return vnto the select men the 14: 12 : next.” [Page 100.] “ At a meeting of the select men the 17. (7) 1660 William Robenson and Thomas Mekins were appointed to view a place for an heigh way that may be Conuenient wher John Gill and Robert Redman shall shew you and to make ther returne vnto the select men the 24 of this moneth.” [Page 102.] “At a meeting of the select men the 26. (9) 1660 John Smith Thomas Mekens and Richard Hall are appointed to lay out the way from the Country heigh waye by the meeting house at Vnquetie through John Gills land and Robert Redman’s land that is to Run to the way that Runs to the blue hills: Alsoe John Smith Thomas Mekens and Richard Hall are appointed to lay out the way from the landing place by the mill through Robert Yoses Farme” [Page 103.] “ At a meeting of the select men the 13 (3) 1661. Thomas Mekings John Smith and Richard Hall are appointed vpon the penaltie of fiue shillings of each man to lay out and marke or stake out the way from the Country heigh waye by the meeting house at Vnquetie through John Gills land and Robert Redmans land, that is to Run to the blue Hills: and to make Returne vnto the select men by the one and twentieth day of this p’sent moneth.” [Page 104.] “ The returne of John Smith Thomas Mekings and Richard Hall the 21 (3) 1661: we haue layd out and staked the way two rodd and halfe broad from the meeting house at vnquetie from John Gills land anti Robert Redmans land to John Fenno’s house leading to the way to the Blue Hills.” The commissioners were dilatory in their work, but the town was persevering and determined, and the “ penaltie ” proved effective. The two roads thus laid out by the inhabitants of Dorchester, we may conclude, with a good degree of assurance, are roads now improved by the town of Milton, as follows: — A PART OP CANTON AVENUE, 1660. The way laid out through “Robert Yoses farme” was along the line of our Canton avenue as far as Brook road, where stood John Glover’s house, at that date belonging to Robert Yose; HIGHWAYS AND BY-WAYS. 191 then on to Yose’s lane; and, doubtless, along the line of Brook road to the bridge over the brook, at some point it met a path¬ way towards the Blue Hills. CHUKCHILL’s LANE, 1661 . The other road from the “Country Heigh Waye” towards the Blue Hills was what was named in that day “Yose’s lane,” and is now known as “ Churchill’s lane.” This road meets all the conditions found in the records. Robert Redman owned the land on the northerly side, and lived about half-way down the hill. John Gill purchased the estate belonging to the heirs of Israel Stoughton, which embraced all the land on the north¬ easterly side of Adams street, and extended on the westerly side to the base of the hill. John Fenno lived near Milton Cemetery. Churchill’s lane is two and a half rods wide, and is sufficiently crooked for those times. The road passed through the land of Gill and Redman to the house of John Fenno, where it united with Gun Hill path, or some other path lead¬ ing to the Blue Hills. All other existing roads from Adams street, or the “ Country Heigh Waye,” are of later date. Randolph avenue, Centre street, and Pleasant street were made after the corporate exist¬ ence of Milton, and are fully described in our. town records. The conclusion, then, is fairly drawn that the road in question is our Churchill’s lane. The importance of exactness in the location of this road is manifest, when it is known that here for the first time a meet¬ ing-house at Unquetie is spoken of, and that these records afford the only data from which we are to learn where this first meeting-house stood. The general idea has been, and until late the only one, that the first meeting-house was erected on the land donated by Robert -Yose, near the north-east corner of Yose’s lane and Centre street. The meeting-house that stood on the Yose land was built in 1671, nine years after the incorporation of Milton, while the house here referred to was standing in 1660, and, doubtless, ten years before. In the old town records there is reference to this first meet¬ ing-house, as follows: — At a town meeting the last day of September 1670 it was agreed by the Towne vote that ther should be a convenient meeting-house for the townes use built neare about Goodman Yose, his loked barre & also that the old meeting house be repaired to meet in this winter and Seargeant W m Blake Seargeant Rob 4 Badcock Seargeant Sam. Wadsworth Thom. Swift Antony 192 HISTORY OF MILTON. Golliford and Robert Tucker was chosen by the towne to see the old house repaired as soon as they can, and to see the new one built in one years time if they can. LOCATION OF FIRST MEETING-HOUSE. The location of the first meeting-house was, therefore, on or near this road. The Dorchester records of the two meetings of 1660 and 1661 instruct the commissioners in each case: — To lay out the way from the Country Heigh Waye by the meeting house at Unquetie through John Gills land, and Robert Redmans land. The return of the commissioners is as follows: — We have layd out and staked the way two rodd and halfe broad from the meeting house at vnquetie, from John Gills land and Robert Redman’s land to John Fenno’s house. If we construe the word by, in the records of the two meet¬ ings, adverbially, according to its early use, as meaning near, at a point near, or in the vicinity of, implying that they started from the “ Country Heigh Waye ” at a point near the meeting¬ house at Unquetie, we reconcile these records with the return of the commissioners, who report that they have staked out the road from the meeting-house at Unquetie to John Fenno’s house. Looking at the records in this light we decide that the first meeting-house of Milton stood on Milton Hill, opposite or near the opening of Churchill’s lane. On the other hand, if we take the later use of the word by, the conclusion will he that they laid out the road from the “ Country Heigh Waye” through John Gill’s land and Robert Redman’s land, passing the meeting-house at Unquetie on their course. Then the first meeting-house was at some point on this road; and in view of the residence of most of the in¬ habitants, and convenience of access, we should expect it to stand not far from Milton Cemetery. It was, doubtless, a very humble building, only sufficient to afford shelter to the smail number of worshippers. The first meeting-house of Salem, built in 1634, the frame of which is now standing, was seventeen by twenty feet in size. In 1672 it was converted into a school-house. A very early school-house on Milton Hill stood on the trian¬ gular piece of headland at the opening of Churchill’s lane (which opening at that date was larger than now), Adams street passing it on the north-east and Churchill’s lane on the north and south. This may have been the location of the meeting-house, or the identical building. The weight of evi- HIGHWAYS AND BY-WAYS. 193 dence seems to bear in this direction. We know that the meeting was sustained by the union of Braintree and Milton people; that Adams street was the only regularly established road, and that Elder Kingsley, the leading character, and most of the settlers, in the early times, lived on or near the “ Country Heigh Waye.” 1 PLEASANT STREET, 1669. The first road laid out by the town of Milton, of which there is a description in the town records, was Pleasant street. This narrow and crooked street, which has come down to us with as little change in its original direction and width, as any road in town, shows the custom of the early residents of cut¬ ting out a way from their dwellings and farms to neigh¬ borhoods, churches, and needful localities, regardless of lines and curves; sometimes, as in this case, following drift-ways worn by the cattle in the passage to and from pasturage and drinking places. Pleasant street, formerly called New State, the direct work of our fathers, is, even now, one of the most beautiful and inter- 1 Since the above was written, Benjamin F. Dudley, a resident of fifty years on Milton Hill, asked me the question : “ Did you know they used to hold public worship in the old school-house at the head of Churchill’s lane ? ” Never did question gain quicker attention! For, bating the hints drawn from the description of roads in the Dorchester records, it was the only gleam of light thrown on this first meeting-house, after a most exhaustive search among old records, documents, and citizens. I learned that his information was from members of the old Swift family, living in the near vicinity from the beginning, some of whom doubtless worshipped in that first meeting-house, and perhaps helped to build it. He thought “ Aunt Fanny,” whose memory of facts re¬ lated to her, and whose intelligent construction of circumstances would reach back over a space of one hundred and fifty years, was his informant. She attended school in the house after it was converted into a school-house. This concurrent testimony would seem toy?* the location of the first meeting-house at the head of Churchill’s lane. 194 HISTORY OF MILTON. esting of our streets. It is bordered, on the southerly and easterly side, by woods and gently rounded knolls, already crowned, in many cases, by the dwellings of our citizens. The extensive grounds of Mr. Edward Cunningham, stretching over one hundred and fifty acres of meadow and forest, beautifully diversified by hill and dale, can hardly be surpassed in the quiet, rude magnificence of nature so carefully preserved. The transcript of the laying out of roads will be, in all cases, in the exact language and spelling of the Records, and the records quoted are those of Milton, unless otherwise stated. Milton, April 5, 1669. Upon complaint made by Divers persons of the necessity of a way to be layd out the East Side of ye town marsh of the line that way, and divers persons intending to build houses and emprove ther land thereabout and also ther being much feeding land ther about, and many Cattle using to goe ther about, and ther being no convenient plas for cattle to gett water in all that side of the town except the Brook that runs between Mr. Holmans and Anthony Gullivers house, with other rea¬ sons ; and the Selectmen having considered the allegations and viewed the place, do judge mete, and do order that ther shall be a way for carting and recourse for Cattle from the Country highway near the house that Anthony Gulliver bought of John Gill, and so to run through Richard Collicut’s land by the outside of his fence in the same cartway as to go to georg Badcocks land &c . . . till it do come to Samuel Wadsworth’s land. And it is agreed and ordered that the way shall run through Samuel Wadsworth’s land and further as need shall require. The points in this description are sufficiently well known to fix the identity of the street here laid out. The house first occupied by John Gill, and here spoken of as bought by Anthony Gulliver, stood on the north side of Adams street, opposite the opening of Pleasant, and was last known as the “Rawson house.” Richard Collicut owned the J. W. Brooks place, with all the land down the hill to Pleasant street. The Babcocks lived up Pleasant street, where some of the fam¬ ily, within a hundred and fifty years, carried on a tannery in the rear of the house of S. Brown. Samuel Wadsworth held a tract of one hundred acres, extending from Canton avenue to the Braintree line. The road struck his land near the point of its present junction with Randolph avenue; then, just north of the blacksmith’s shop, it passed up over the hill and down again, across Randolph avenue, and directly up Reed’s lane, “ through Samuel Wadsworth’s land.” There is no other record of the' building of Reed’s lane. ROAD PEOM MATTAPAN TO THE BROOK, 1670-3. At a very early time there was an Indian trail, and afterwards cart-path, now mostly extinct, except as far as the Ruggles HIGHWAYS AND BY-WAYS. 195 houses and Central avenue, commencing on Canton avenue at Ruggles lane, and passing by his house and westerly, across Central avenue and land of John M. Forbes, to a point on our Brook road between the residences of T. H. Hinckley and Miss Forbes, now marked by a gate. This way continued over Brush Hill to the “ Fresh meadows.” It is distinctly traced on the historical map. Edward Yose owned a farm on the easterly side of the “ Church land.” His house stood somewhat south of the residence of Mr. John H. Burt. In the year 1673 a road was laid out, beginning at the corner of his farm, at the Brush Hill way, leading to the Fresh meadows, and running nearly in the direction and almost in the line of Thacher street, “ towards the brook called Bolsters brook , to the corner of Ezra Clapps land; ” there it turned to the left, and running easterly parallel with the brook, united with Brook road on the north-west side of the bridge, nearly opposite the house of J. H. Dudley, Jr. In the configuration of the land between Thacher street and Brook road, and parallel with the brook, the old way may be traced out, with its walls partly standing, to this day. FOOT-PATH FROM COUNTRY HIGHWAY TO MEETING—HOUSE, 1672. In May, 1672, a foot-path, four feet wide, was laid out by Anthony Gulliver, Thomas Swift, and John Fenno, from the “ Country Heigh Waye ” to the meeting-house. It began at, or near, Algerine corner, and ran for a short distance nearly in the course of Centre street [built in 1824] ; then it passed over upon the land of B. F. Dudley, and crossed the “swampe at a plase known by.the name of Shepe Bridge,” and so met the “town highway” [Churchill’s lane], near the residence of C. M. S. Churchill. “ Shepe Bridge ” was on the land of Mr. Dud¬ ley, probably at the point where his bridge now crosses the stream. The same large, flat stone that first covered the bridge has been re-laid by Mr. Dudley, and retained to the present time. The meeting-house at that time was on the Robert Yose lot. VOSE’S LANE, 1673. In the year 1673 Yose’s lane was laid out by Robert Yose, two rods wide, “from the woods gate,” to the parallel line, in¬ stead of an open highway from the meeting-house to his barn, and thence to the woods gate formerly laid out by the town, “which was grievous to said Yose.” 196 HISTORY OF MILTON. FOOT-PATH FEOM BRUSH HILL TO MEETING—HOUSE, 1674. Milton the 30 th day of the first Month 1674. Wee whos names are un¬ derwritten by ordr from the Select men, have laid out a footpath from Brush Hill to ye Meeting House in Milton as followeth, that is to say: be¬ ginning at the highway at Farnsworth Lot leading down to Edward Yose his Stonewall as is manifest by divers marked trees, and from thence straight to the field of Edward Yose his house, and so by Ezra Clapp’s barn, and thence to the brook, and so along the highway to a walnut tree at Yose his cornfield, and thence strait over Goodman Yose [Robert Yose] his pasture to the Meeting house as is manifest by marked trees and stumps. Which way is to be four feet wide. Increase Sumner. William Blake. Ezra Clapp. This foot-path started at the lot purchased by Robert Tucker of Widow Farnsworth, near the head of Robbins street, fifty years before Robbins street was laid out, and ran in a north¬ easterly direction, crossing the Church land, Blue Hill avenue, and Mattapan street north of the “ Myers house,” till it struck the street opened in 1670, running by Edward Yose’s farm to Balster’s brook, and thence it ran by Ezra Clapp’s barn to the brook near Mr. Dudley’s house [then Jonathan Badcock’s] ; crossing the brook it took a course along Brook road to near White street, and then crossed “Goodman Yose’s pasture,” now owned by Shepherd, Frothingham, Whitney, and Gannett, to the meeting-house on the Yose lot. A cart-path also led from Brush Hill to the rear of the ice-houses, on Mattapan street, where the foot travel passed on a “ Log.” BRUSH HILL ROAD, 1676-7. The select men of Milton doe order that ther shall be an open way two rods wide too begine at Neponset Riv r where they used to goe and from the place called the Oxpen, and so up the Beaten Rode soe that it come to the southerly side of George Sumners lot wher the way is fenced out, and so from the corner of Goodman Sumners uper field, that is the southely corner next the highway, and so to run a Straight line till it comes to Ebenezer Claps corner of his upper feld next the way, we mene that corner next to Goodman Clemons land, and the way to lie on the lower side of the line 2 Rods wide and so to keep the Beaten Road to the plaine til it com to the way leading to the Blew hil meadows, and we doe order Goodman Tucker Sen. and george Lion and henry Glover to stake out the way from the southerly corner of georg Sumners uper feeld to Runy strait with the corner of Ebenezers upper feeld next the way, which way is to bee tow Rods brod. Robert Tucker, Anthony Gulliver, Thom. Swift, Thomas Holman, Selectmen. HIGHWAYS AND BY-WAYS. 197 The above road began at the ford on the river, and ran in the rear of the Hollingsworth house, meeting the old drift-way, to the ox-pen, and thence from Mattapan street, by the Schofield estate, to Brush Hill street, and to the Blue Hill meadows, called later the Great Fowle meadows. Many years prior to the laying out of this road there was a beaten pat^L to Ponkapog, the home of the Indians. ROAD FROM PINE TREES TO MEETING-HOUSE, 1680. The records show that a public way was laid out from the pine trees, over the Church land, to the meeting-house, in 1680. It appears not to have been completed, and for years was in a rough and perhaps impassable condition, as, forty-one years later, it was laid out anew on the same ground. March 2. 1723-4 It was voted that there should be a way laid out on the parallel line, on the south east side of the Church land. We began at the corner of sd. Chh. land near pine tree bridge and laid out the sd. way one and a half rods on each side of the parallel line until we came to the other corner of sd. Church land near the dwelling house of Nathaniel Pitcher. John Wadsworth ] Henry Yose Benjamin Fenno } Selectmen. John Daniel Samuel Wadsworth, J March 16 1723. ROAD FROM PINE TREES TO DORCHESTER LINE, 1681. The year after the road was opened from the pine trees to the meeting-house it was extended westerly to the Dorchester line [now Canton]. Milton 1.5 m , 1681. The select men of Milton laid out a highway leading from the pine trees to Dorchester line; going to punckapog they began at the line between the towns — the first being a chestnut two rods eastward and so run to a whit-oche marked on the west . . . and so to keep the ould way til we come to the ridge hill, and so along the top of the ridge we came near Thomas Swifts lot . . . and so to a black ocke on the west side and so to the side of Henry Glovers fense, and then turning a litell about ner the spring we marked 2 trees more, and so to the parallel line beinge upon Ralph hofifens lote and so along the parallel line to John Fenno’s lande till we come to Samuel Pitcher’s and so over the plain by John dick’s land till we come to near the pine trees, thus far was don that day. Robert Tucker ] George Sumner [ Thomas Swift [ Selectmen. Henry Crane | Thomas Holman, J 198 HISTORY OF MILTON. CHANGE IN LOCATION OF BBOOK BOAD, 1694. Whereas there was a way laid out by the selectmen of Milton upon the 25 th day of the 12 mo. 1673 from the northwest corner of Edward Yoses pasture at the woods gate as it now goes from said gate oyer the brook by Jonathan Badcocks house, and so by Ezra Clapps house till it comes to Mr Thachers barn, and from thence over y e plain till it comes to the way lead¬ ing from the oxpen to Brush Hill; but upon further consideration, we the present Select men of Milton this present year 1694 for several reasons do see cause to remove some part of said ways, that is to say, that part of said way that was laid out from Mr Peter Thachers Barn that now is till it come to the highway leading from the oxpen to Brush Hill — and instead of going there it shall begin, and is by us laid out from the brook by Jonathan Bad¬ cocks house where the bridge now is upon said Badcock’s land, and so many rods wide as is needful for the conveniensy of long teams with long timber comfortably to gain and enter the bridge, till it come to the west end of said Badcocks barn, and from thence to go two rods wide &c . . . till it come and mete the aforesaid way which leads from the oxpen to Brush Hill. This is to be an open way without either gates or bars. The Jonathan Badcock house was a part of the house now owned by J. H. Dudley, Jr. Fifty-six years ago, when this estate was purchased by Charles Breck, the eastern portion of the house was so time-worn and decayed that new sills and timbers were needful; while the westerly part was sound and modern. A part of this house, therefore, has, we have no doubt, an antiquity of more than two hundred years. A careful analysis of the above record will show that the way therein described as changed to the present Brook road between the house of Dudley and the ox-pen, before this change, turned sharply to the west, just north of the bridge, and ran between the brook and the barn now standing, as far as the barn of Rev. Mr. Thacher, when it turned northerly, following about the line of Thacher street, and terminated in the open space at the junction of Brook road and Mattapan street, near the ox-pen. BEY. PETEB THACHEE’s CELLAB. The knowledge of this early way passing the residence of Milton’s first pastor allays the surprise, so often felt, that he should have built his house in this out-of-the-way place. Near this road, which is here discontinued, is found the cellar of Rev. Peter Thacher, and also the site of Ezra Clapp’s house, his nearest neighbor and faithful parishioner. From the centre of Mr. Thacher’s cellar has grown up an elm which has attained great size, and spreads its pendent limbs over the whole site of the former dwelling. On the ground near by lie two smoothly worn flat stones, which served for steps or flagging; while HIGHWAYS AND BY-WAYS. 199 within sound the brook murmurs by. These little fragments of the past, mementos of other days and other men, are, indeed, impressive messengers, seeming to say: — “ And this our life exempt from public haunts, Finds tongues in trees, books in the running brooks, Sermons in stones, and good in everything.” No one would surmise that in a place, to us so remote, rarely visited, and almost unknown, could ever have transpired scenes of such thrilling interest. Here lived, during forty years of his long pastorate, amid the aspirations and despondencies of an eventful life, one whom, after the lapse of two centuries, we recall with affection and reverence; and from this place he passed to the home above. On this spot, in the year 1689, was begun the first regular prayer-meeting in Milton, on Friday evening. It was continued during the life of Mr. Thacher; it was taken up by succeeding pastors for the same evening ; it has never been discontinued ; it will, I am sure, be sacredly observed while time remains. Visiting this ground in early June, when every landscape smiles with radiant promise, and rejoices in the sweetness of song and in the exuberance of animal and insect life, I was standing near this overspreading tree, lost in the suggestive thoughts awakened by the surroundings, when an oriole in the limbs 200 HISTORY OF MILTON. above poured forth his rich, exultant song. It thrilled my soul with the deepest emotion. The notes of praise, mute on human lips, seemed to be taken up, and prolonged, and borne aloft by nature’s voices. FOOT-PATH FROM HEW STATE TO MEETING-HOUSE, 1696. In 1696 a foot-path was laid out “ from the house of Thomas Horton over land of Mr. Badcock, John Fenno, Daniel Hen- shaw, Charles and John Redman, to the town hye way which gos to the meeting house.” It followed about the course of Gun Hill street, and perhaps was afterwards changed into this highway. BRUSH HILL ROAD WIDENED, 1706. We have the following record of the widening of Brush Hill road: — Complaint being made to us, the Selectmen of Milton, namely : Thomas Swift, Georg Sumner Jonathan Gulliver Manasseh Tucker and Thomas Vose, by several of our inhabitants, that there was very great need of lay¬ ing the ways wider, coming down the north-east side of Brush Hill through a part of Dorchester Church Lands, by reason there is no passing in time of snow and ise where the way now is ; therefore, for the better accommodat¬ ing of passage down said hill, we beeing met thereon upon the 26 day of September 1706, Samuel Triscot being present with us we agreed upon a walnut tree to be marked with a dublue on the north side, said tree standing near the corner of Samuel Triscot’s orchard and on the north side of the old way, from thence to a walnut tree also marked with a dublue on that side next the highway, from thence to heap of stones by the old saw-pit, from thence to a great black oak over the run, from thence to a great ould stump with a heap of stones upon it and is neir the old way in the Sandy Yalley. Recorded the 9 day of October 1706 by me Thomas Yose, Town Clerk. The house of Samuel Trescott was directly opposite the resi¬ dence of Hon. James M. Robbins ; traces of the cellar are still visible, and the Trescott well, over against the avenue to the Robbins mansion, is still in use. From this point the road was widened to Brook road, and beyond through Long pasture 1 to its present junction with Mattapan street. i The Town of Dorchester owned a tract of land of two hundred and fifty-five acres on the Milton side at Mattapan, known as the “ Long pasture.” This was, doubtless, a part of the “ Ministerial land,” and may have extended up the river as far as the north- ern boundary of the Robbins estate. March 2, 1801. The “Long pasture ” was leased by Dorchester to Jeremiah Smith Boies, Esq., for five hundred years, at the rate of forty-nine dollars per acre, and one cent a year during the term, amounting to the sum of $1,249.50, “ reserving, however, about two acres between the old and new way, which they consider expedient.” This tract of “ about two acres,” lying between Brook road and Brush Hill road, is now HIGHWAYS AND BY-WAYS. 201 ROAD FROM OX-PEN TO MATTAPAN BRIDGE, 1712. In the early part of the last century that portion of Milton about Mattapan was mostly a wilderness, and was known as a part of the “ Five-hundred acre lot.” It was, to a great extent, covered by woods, but afforded also much pasturage, which was used by the proprietors of the common lands, called Common¬ ers, as grazing land for their cattle, under the charge of herds¬ men. Here was located what is often spoken of in our records as the “ Ox-pen,” an enclosure for herding the oxen and steers at night, or whenever necessary. The “ Cow walk ” was nearer the Lower Mills. The following transcript from the Dorchester records will be of interest in this connection. The herdsmen here spoken of are old Milton citizens : — Dorchester the 26 of the second mo : 1653. It is covenanted and agreed by and between the select men of this towne for this p’sent yeare and Antoney Newton and Willm Solsbury of the same towne that the said Antoney Newton and Willm Solsbury shall and will from the 9 of the 3 moneth next insueingvntil the 27 or 28 day of 7 moneth following keepe all such oxen or steeres in a heard, as shall at their first goeing forth be deli’ued vnto them for that inde by any of the inhabitants of the said towne and none of other townes to be received or kept with them without leeve or lysense from the said town first had and obtayned. Their walk or place of feeding to be on the further side of the river Norponset and above or beyond the Cow walke of Dorchester and not suffered to goe among the Cowes. And also the said Anthoney Newton and Willia Solsbury doth covenant to and with the said selectmen, to goe forth with the oxen and steeres halfe an hower by sonn, and bring them to their appointed place or pen so called abought sonn sitting eury night that so the owners may have them if they please to send for them either in the eveneing or in the morneing before the said tyme of their goeing forth and not be disapointed when they have vrgent occasion to vse them. And to make the denn suffi¬ cient for largnesse of ground that so the Oxen or Steeres may be les iniu- rious or hurtfull one vnto an other as also sufficient in point of fence, and for their faithfulness^ and care herein they the said Antony and Willm is to have twoe shillings a head to be paid at twoe paymts, the one.halfe within one moneth after they be put to them and the other halfe at the end of the 7 moneth following at som convenient place in towne where they doe appoint, but if in case they be driven to com for their pay then they are allowed to receive two shillings and two pence a head. William Salsbor * * Eobt Howard in the name of the rest of the Select men. [Record Commissioners, Yol. IV, p. 62.] The ox-pen was situated near the point where Brook road crosses Mattapan street, a position convenient for residents of owned by the City of Boston, and has long been used as a gravel pit. [See Dorchester Records, March 2 , 1801 .] 202 HISTORY OF MILTON. Brush Hill, and for citizens in other parts of Milton, reaching it over Brook road, as well as for the mass of the inhabitants north of the river. A cattle beat led to the ford on the Dor¬ chester side, and extended from the ford to the ox-pen. The ford was a short distance west of the Mattapan bridge. The bridge spoken of at the date specified in the following extract from the Milton records, if built at or near that time, was a private one for the convenience of the mill-owners ; and the road then laid out may not have been opened, except as a bridle¬ path, as the first reliable evidence of a bridge at this point and a road to the same is as follows: “ Road to bridge near Jacksons Mill laid out by a jury in 1734. Bridge built by the Court of General Sessions in 1786.” The “ road to bridge ” referred to above may have been the road on the Dorchester side. June 24, 1712. The Select men namely Jonathan Gulliver Ebenezer Wadsworth Ephriam Tucker met by appointment to lay out an open high¬ way from the Oxpen to the river where there is to be a cartbridge erected and we began by the river where the bridge is to be made and marked a red oak on the east side, and the highway is to be on the east side two rods in width ; then we marked another red oak by the side of the trench, the way lying on the east side of said tree, then we proseded and marked another red oak and the way is to ly on the west side, then the way is to run in a strait line till it comes to a small walnut tree by the way side where it now lies and the way is to be on the west side of said tree, then to go as the way now lies till it meets the way that leads over the river commonly called the oxpen way; and said way is to be two rods wide. While it is difficult to trace out and identify many of the roads projected in the early years of the town, as all landmarks except parallel lines, rivers, brooks, and rocks have^ long ago disappeared, this road may be readily identified. If we extend the line of the old drift-way from the ox-pen passing the Austin Mansion, straight to the river, it will cross the estate of G. Hollingsworth in the rear of his house, and reach just the position of the “ old ford ” on the river. The way here described is the road as it now runs from the bridge, and a short distance south of the Hollingsworth house, until it intersects this old drift-way from the ox-pen. The present road, if not built till 1734, is in the line of the road here laid out in 1712. ROAD OVER THE BLUE HILL LARD, 1713. At the request of the inhabitants of the Town of Milton, the Select men met the 29 of April 1713, namely Capt. Jonathan Gulliver Manassath Tucker Ebenezer Wadsworth Ephraim Tucker to lay out a highway over the land HIGHWAYS AND BY-WAYS. 208 commonly called the blue hill land, we being met we began at the brook beyond Samuel Tuckers house, and marked a small white oake which is to be in the middle of the way, and we proceeded and marked a black oake &c ... and from thence to a rock and the way to ly on the west side and from thence between John Wadsworths house and barn til it comes to the way that lies on the back side of said Wadsworths house, and at the meet¬ ing of the Select men since the above day, they then agreed that the way should be where it now is from John Wadsworths house till it comes to the southwest corner of Deacon Swifts Lott, then the way is to ly between the land of Deacon Swift and John Wadsworth till it comes to the land of John Hersey and then to ly between the land of John Wadsworth and John Hersey till it comes to the highway yt lys by Nathaniel Pitchers house and the way to ly on John Wadsworths a rod and a half in width — and on the land commonly called the blue hill land the way is to be two rods wide and to ly open, and John Wadsworth has liberty to lay the way strait from his house till it comes to the south west corner of Deacon Swifts land but the way on John Wadsworths land is not as yet to ly open Entered the 26 day of December 1713 by me Ephraim Tucker Town Clerk. The above-described road is Highland street, and a part of Randolph avenue and of Hillside street. The description begins on Hillside street, at the brook south-west of Samuel Cook’s house. Charles K. Hunt now lives in the Samuel Tucker house. It proceeds over the line of Hillside street and Randolph avenue, which diverges a little from the old way, to the house of Mr. David W. Tucker, where the old road branches off easterly from Randolph avenue, and crosses it again near the house of Mr. George Vose; passing the Yose and Gannett estate, and the “ Bent Bakery,” it continues on the line of Highland street, passing through the Wadsworth land, in its entire length to Canton avenue, opposite the Academy house, formerly the resi¬ dence of Andrew Pitcher. WHITE’S LANE, 1714. The next year, White’s lane, now White street, was opened. At the request of some of the inhabitants of the Town of Milton, the Select-men of Milton met the 5 day of April 1714 to lay out an open high¬ way from the highway leading to the meeting house to the way that lys by Seargeant Peter White’s we being by the way leading 1 by Sergeant Whites we began a few rods on the land of Mr Roson &c. .... and soe to the bounds between the land of Daniel Hensher on the west and Sergent Thomas Vose East and from thence by the highway that leads by the Meeting house one rod in width on the land of Daniel Hensher, and one rod in width on the land of Thomas Vose. Ephriam Tucker } a , . Jonathan Gulliver \ Selectmen - Sergeant White lived on the north-west corner of White street and the extension of Central avenue, from Brook road to 204 HISTORY OF MILTON. Thacher street. The meeting-house then stood on the Robert Yose lot. ROBBINS STREET, 1722. The Select men John Wadsworth Benjamin Eenno Edward Blake and Samuel Wadsworth laid out the public way from the way leading over Brush Hill to the way that is made use of oyer the Church land. Beginning near Deacon Manassah Tuckers barn on Brush Hill we laid it half a l'od on Deacon Ephraim Tuckers land and a rod on Deacon Manassah Tucker’s land, and near the end of a stone wall dividing the above mentioned Dea¬ cons’ land, it is to be a rod wide on Deacon Ephraim Tucker’s land, and from thence on the strait line we laid the way three quarters of a rod on each Deacons land until we came to the land of William Sumner and then we laid the way three quarters of a rod wide on each side of the line until we came to Deacon Manassah Tuckers land and three quarters of a rod wide between William Sumners land and Deacon Manassah Tuckers land until we wanted three rods of coming to the end of William Sumners land, and to run near east with a strait line to the nearest corner of Ebenezer Sumners land, and then three quarters of a rod on each side between Ebenezer Sumner on one side and Deacon Manassah Tucker and his son Ebenezer on the other side until we come to the Brook near the house of said Ebenezer Tucker and in a strait line over the corner of Ebenezer Tuckers land, and a corner of Ebenezer Sumners land into the other way. It is consented that there be two good sufficient gats on the said way that is to say one at each end. There was much controversy about this road, and it was not f ull y built until 1734. But the general direction herein described is still retained. The bend in the street midway, run¬ ning nearly east and west, identifies it as the road in question. Ebenezer Tucker owned the land now owned by D. Murphy, and probably the identical house now standing. In a second laying out of this way his house is spoken of as on the east side, and his barn on the west. The tract of land through which the road passed had been in the possession of the Tuck¬ ers and Sumners for upwards of sixty years. In 1852-3 Rob¬ bins street, then called New lane, was widened and greatly improved, at the expense of $844.11. ROAD OVER BLUE HILL LAND FROM STOUGHTON TO S. TUCKER’S, 1734. At the request .of the inhabitants of the Town of Milton we the subscrib¬ ers met on the (26) day of June 1734 to lay out an open highway over the land commonly called Blue Hill Land. We began at Stoughton line at the corner of Mr John Puffer’s stone wall and laid it out two rods wide wheare the way now goes untill we came near Edward Adams’ Jr. house, we marked a blacke oake at the bottom of the hill the way to be two rods on the south of said tree and so on the south side of a great rock with a heap of stones on the top of the rock and so to come into the way to Edward Adams’ house & so keeping the old way untill we came «ear a stony brook and HIGHWAYS AND BY-WAYS. 205 on the left hand of the way we marked a white oake tree in the middle of way and so come to Braintree line and so on the south side of Nathaniel Houghtons house as the way now goes until! we come to the easterly side of Deacon Manassah Tuckers Lote and so turning to the left hand in a foot path down the hill and so over the brook in Mr Samuel Millers land and keeping the old way untill we come to a wet piece of land neare John Pitcher’s and so to the old way and so on over the brook neare Mr Samuel Tuckers house. There are brooks and houses referred to in this description sufficient to enable us to decide that the road here laid out was nearly identical with Hillside street from Canton line to Mr. Samuel Cook’s, and at this point joined the road laid out twenty-one years before, extending over Highland street to Canton avenue. Before the construction of this road it is supposed that there was what was called the “ east way to Pon- kapog.” Reference to this way is seen in the division of the three thousand acres of Blue Hill lands between Milton and Braintree. In running the division line the Commissioners say : — Beginning at a heap of stones in the bound line of the easterly end of the three thousand acors of Blue Hill Land, &c. . . . we proseeded and "ran a line west.and by South nine degrees Southerly, and marked several trees in the line with letters, as aforesaid, until we came to a gray oak tree standing near the cartway leading from Milton to Poncapog, by the foot of one of the Blue Hills. Following by compass the exact direction designated in the report of the Commissioners, we found at the foot of Chickatau- but Hill an old cart-path, which was traced to its beginning near the “ Samuel Tucker ” house on Hillside street. This was known as “ Brook lane.” It opened at the brook, south of Samuel Cook’s, and passed easterly over C. L. Copeland’s land, crossing Randolph avenue a little north of E. Snow’s house, and, running into the woods easterly and southerly between Glover’s Hill and Bear Hill, made its way into Braintree, and probably on the south side of Blue Hill river to Ponkapog. Doubtless before the road from the Stoughton line, now Hillside street, was laid out, there was passing in that direction by undeveloped drift-ways; but the travel southerly and easterly was probably by the line of this extinct pathway. At a later period, before the building of Randolph avenue and Forest street, the way to Randolph was from “ White’s Tavern ” diagonally across the 206 HISTORY OF MILTON. Copeland estate to the big rock on Randolph avenue, near the Quincy line. Forest street was not opened until many years after the opening of Hillside from the Stoughton line. ROAD AROUND WIGWAM HILL, 1764. We the subscribers, finding it necessary to have a road through a pasture on the west side of Wigwam Hill, so called, to avoid going over the same as it now runs, Have Surveyed the same and have laid out a Public Road of two rods wide, the West Side of which road is to begin at a heap of stones op the stone wall about two rods to the eastward of a stone bridge on south side of said hill, thence in a strait line till it comes through a rocky piece of ground on the west side of said Hill, thence to the south corner of Oxen- bridge Thacher’s land on the west side of the old road. June 26, 1764. Stephen Miller, Jeremiah Tucker, Isaac How. Wigwam Hill is the first Hill south-west of Academy Hill, ex¬ tending from the pound to Pine-tree brook. This road around the hill is now extinct. Traces of it are seen in the stony tract through the woods. It began two rods east of Pine-tree bridge and ran across the B. S. Rotch estate, a little south of the Rotch mansion, and across the land of Isaac C. Gulliver to the Thacher land, which was south as well as north of the brook, and terminated at some road near the Thacher estate, perhaps Canton avenue, or it may be Brook road. The meeting-house was still on the Yose lot. The object of the road seems to have been to avoid passing over the hill from the pine trees to the meeting-house, although the road over the hill along the parallel line was laid out in 1681, and a .second time definitely located in 1728. For some reason known to our fathers the road over Wigwam Hill was a hard road to travel. SUSPENSION OF ROAD-BUILDING. The inhabitants of the town, having provided themselves with such roads as were required for the convenience of travel and for the necessities of business, seemed to have turned their attention to other matters, and but little. was done in road¬ building during the last half of the eighteenth century. Indeed, so often were they called from peaceful pursuits to the protec¬ tion of their liberties and the defence of their homes, that no time was left for public improvements; besides, heavy drafts on their numbers and resources, continually made by the country, reduced them to a deplorable condition of weakness and poverty. But, with the opening of a new century and the return of more favorable conditions, attention was again directed to the needs of the town. HIGHWAYS AND BY-WAYS. 207 In the period of turnpike roads two of these ways were pro¬ jected in Milton: the Blue Hill turnpike, latterly called the Randolph turnpike, and the Brush Hill turnpike. BRUSH HILL TURNPIKE. A petition for this road was made by Joseph Billings, Samuel Leonard, and others, Feb. 6, 1804, and a committee was chosen by the town to oppose the same. Feb. 7, 1805, voted that we do highly disapprove of a turnpike being made from the road at the west end of the Blew Hills to the upper bridge, as petitioned by Samuel Leonard, and others. The turnpike was located in 1805-9, and was continued as a turnpike until 1857, when its franchise was surrendered, and the surrender was accepted on condition that it he laid out as a highway. In 1859 the General Court limited the time for laying out the highway to one year from the passage of the act. With¬ in the designated period the County Commissioners laid out the road, defined and established its boundaries by stone monuments set at the termini and angles, and made the same a matter of record. [Yol. 8, p. 289.] It was accompanied with an accurate plan. [No. 803.] A new plan was made in 1884, delineating the true bounds of the road, which is on file at the Town Clerk’s office. BLUE HILL TURNPIKE, OR RANDOLPH TURNPIKE. This turnpike, extending from the junction of the highways now known as Adams street and Canton avenue in Milton, through the easterly section of the town, towards Randolph, was laid out in the years 1804 and 1805, the portion through lands of Mr. Jeffrey near the northerly terminus having been located in the year last named. Like most of the turnpike enterprises of that period the road had limited uses for travel. Its location was principally through ; wild land or woodlands, with a succession of heavy grades, long, steep hills and narrow viaducts, requiring frequent and expensive repairs. Having fallen into comparative disuse it was laid out as a highway, as will appear by the records in the clerk’s office, Dedham, in 1848. This location of the road was of unequal widths, and not defined at the termini and angles by permanent stone bounds, such as were subsequently required by statute provisions. At 208 HISTORY OF MILTON. the March meeting of the- town in 1888, a committee was chosen to apply to the County Commissioners (with whom is the entire jurisdiction) to define the limits of the way by new location. Surveys have been had, and the accomplishment of the work has for several years awaited the final action of the County Commissioners. Since its location as a highway the grades have been greatly improved and the viaducts widened, under the direction of the surveyors of the highways of the town, and many commodious and expensive dwellings have been recently constructed at the northerly section of the way. ATHERTON STREET. In 1811, Atherton street, then called Union street, was laid out from Canton avenue [then Middle street] to Brush Hill street, “From Jedediah Atherton’s strait to the turnpike, and from the turnpike strait to Oliver Houghtons.”' It cost $750, $300 of which was paid by the town, and $450 by sundry subscribers. Centre street was laid out by the Court of Sessions in 1822, and was finished in 1824. Mattapan street was built in 1840-1, cost . . $1,058 75 Harland street “ 1847-8, “ . . 1,800 00 School street 1 “ 1848, “ . 500 00 air mount avenue “ 1857, “ . 865 25 Central avenue “ 1874, “ . . 3,276 84 Williams avenue “ 1875, “ . . 2,506 00 Central-avenue bridge “ 1877, “ . . 3,600 00 Thacher street “ 1877, “ . . 3,955 70 Hemenway street “ 1877, “ . . in part 658 84 Clapp street “ 1878, “ . 612 27 Central-ave. extension “ 1880, “ . . 1,030 00 j Eliot street “ 1882-3, “ . . 11,500 00 Reedsdale street “ 1884, “ . . 6,399 32 1 Mr. John M.,Forbes built School street, and set out the elms shading the same in 1847-8. The whole tract on each side of School street, from the Russell estate on the east to the Swift land on the west, was purchased by Mr. Forbes Auu\, 1842, at. the auction of .Dr. Holbrook’s estate, except about half an acre belonging to John McQuirk, who lived in a stone house then standing on land now owned by Mr. Nathan Godfrey, corner of School street and Randolph avenue, where the well is now seen. Mr. Forbes also secured this tract of Mr. McQuirk, and conveyed to him and his wife Sarah, in her right, Feb. 24,1844, a tract of thirty-five acres, situated on Highland street, which he purchased of John J. Low, and at the Administrator’s sale of the estate of Jazaniah R. Ford, in 1840. Through this land School street was laid out. The North school-house lot was conveyed to the town of Milton by Mr. Forbes, in exchange for the lot on Milton Hill, on which stood the school-house, burned Nov. 23, 1846. The heirs of Abel Allyne, who gave the yiilton Hill lot to the town, joined in the conveyance of the same to Mr. Forbes. RAILROADS. 209 RAILROADS. In early times connection with. Boston was by private con¬ veyance or by tbe public stage. In 1847 tbe Dorchester and Milton Branch of the Old Colony Railroad was constructed, with stations at Milton Lower Mills and Mattapan. At a later date the East Milton and West Quincy Branch of the Old Colony Railroad was built, with a station at East Milton. The westerly part of the town and Brush Hill have railroad accommodations on the New York & New England, and Provi¬ dence roads at Mattapan, Hyde Park, and Readville. Thus the villages at the northerly and easterly extremities of the town are well supplied with railroad facilities, and the westerly part fairly so ; while the central and southerly sections are remote from any railroad station. REPAIRS OF HIGHWAYS. It appears by the records that, from the very beginning, and for one hundred and fifty years, the highways were kept in order by the direct labor of the citizens. The various neighborhoods took in charge the roads within their own limits, and each man above the age of sixteen years worked a definite time under the direction of surveyors appointed by the town. This plan was continued with more or less changes until about 1834. April 4, 1810—Voted that the work on the highways be apportioned on the polls and estates as it was lastyear—namely that each Poll be assessed one day, and estate in the same proportion, that a Poll be allowed one dollar and fifty cents — a sufficient team two dollars and twenty five cents per day—that each Surveyor cause the stones to be picked up within the limits of the last week in every month from April to November — and that three fourths of the work be done by the last of July, the remainder by the last of November next. It will be seen by the above that our predecessors seventy- five years ago had in mind several points of good road-building, viz.: fair pay for labor; stone-picking all over town eight times a year; and the bulk of the work done early, in season to be¬ come compact and solid before winter. This was their policy before and after the time here designated. CHANGE OF PLAN. March 8, 1834. A large committee of the Town recommended a de¬ cided change in taking care of the poor. To employ a superintendent, and have the able bodied paupers work on the l’oads. 210 HISTORY OF MILTON. This plan was adopted. The Poor Department and Road Department were combined, and the Selectmen, who were Overseers of the Poor, were also Surveyors of Highways. The teams and implements for road-work were kept at the poorhouse, — one superintendent taking charge of both depart¬ ments ; if there was lack of help among the inmates, additional men were hired, and kept at the poorhouse. In this manner the roads were repaired for thirty-seven years. SUPERINTENDENT OF HIGHWAYS. In 1872 Samuel Cook was appointed superintendent of the roads, with entire charge of this important work. He con¬ tinued in this office, with much success, for six years. The selectmen took charge of the work in 1878 as surveyors of the highways. In 1879 S. L. Tucker was appointed to this trust. COMMISSIONERS OF HIGHWAYS. In 1880 Oliver W. Peabody, George K. Gannett, and John Littlefield were elected by the town road commissioners. Under the charge of commissioners the roads continued until March, 1887. The treatment of the question of roads on the part of the town has been both wise and liberal. Believing that good roads were needful for the prosperity and reputation of the town, they have wisely sought to entrust the care of them to, those who have given to the subject time and study and much consideration, and then have furnished abundant means to carry out their plans. The town’s appropriation for the repair of highways for the year 1881 was 115,000; for 1882, $18,500, repairs and construction ; for 1883, $15,000. By careful observation of the management of the roads since the town has placed them in charge of special boards it has been possible to learn their working policy. It would 'seem to be as follows : — First. Thorough treatment of wet and springy ground. Second. Thin coatings of crushed stone or screened gravel for ruts and. low places, applied in short spaces, and worked down by sprinkler and roller. Third. Reduction of steep acclivities and filling up of valleys in the roadway. RESULTS. The results of the great care and expenditure on our roads cannot fail to be manifest to all. Many places that from the REPAIRS OF HIGHWAYS. 211 first existence of the town have been wet and springy, at times almost impassable, are now hard and dry through the whole of the season. It is not asserted or intimated that our roads are perfect; often there are portions of the highways that seem greatly in need of repairs. It is, however, unreasonable to expect that the long line of public ways in the town, now not much less than forty miles in length, can be everywhere, and equally, good through the whole season; and not less unreasonable to expect that the best-made sections of road, subject to constant and heavy travel, will continue smooth, solid, and dry, without attention. It is only claimed that the system of working the roads adopted by the officers of the town is in the right direction, and, in the end, will secure as good roads as can be built. The purchase by the town of a steam stone-crusher has en¬ abled the commissioners to apply to the roads the best system of road structure. Some of these sections of new-made road, built by them, have been constructed on the “MeAdam process” which consists in forming a road crust by layers of small angular stones, as they come from the crusher, with but little regard to the foundation or substratum of the road. Other sections are, in part, on the “ Telford system ,” where the foundation is the main point. This consists of a pavement of large rough stones, laid by hand, with their bases down and their points upward; these are filled in with smaller angular stones, carefully packed, and the whole is covered with three or four inches of still finer stone. The road-bed is thoroughly drained. River street in Dorchester is made on this plan, and sections on Canton and Randolph avenues, Milton. Both of these roads, when consolidated, form a hard, smooth, and dur¬ able surface. Thus, by the wisdom and liberality of the town, we are being furnished with roads which are, and will be, a comfort to ourselves, and a pleasure to our friends from other towns whom we welcome to these pleasant drives. “ There is no expedient which more powerfully conduces to the advancement of a people in civilization , or to the extension of their prosperity and national wealth , than the construction of good roads connecting the various centres of commerce and of industry about which they may have collected themselves. “ Roads , in fact , may be considered as a system of veins and arteries by which all those principles necessary for the maintenance of the prosperity of a country are kept in circulation.” 212 HISTORY OF MILTON. CHAPTER Yin. TAX-LISTS AND TOWN OFFICERS. F OR the purpose of bringing before the town the names of the earliest inhabitants, and showing their financial con¬ dition, and the changes which have taken place in the lapse of years, we have here reproduced the first tax-list found in the records of 1679, with the tax-payers, and the sums paid by each. Then follows an exact copy of the taxes and tax-payers of the year 1700; a list of the tax-payers of 1750, and the sum raised by the town for that year; with a similar list and a like state¬ ment of money raised for the year 1800. The statements for later years will show how the town has risen from poverty to a degree of affluence ranking it, in valuation, among the highest of the Commonwealth, taking in view the number of inhabitants. Thus may be traced down, from the beginning, the changes in men and things; the passing out of sight of familiar names, and the advent of new men as generation after generation comes upon the stage of life, and then disappears, and the slow but positive growth into a condition of substantial prosperity. The Town Rate made for the year 1679, and here copied, was for the sum of sixteen pounds. Another rate was ordered for the same year, as follows: — At a public Town Meeting the 3: 12: 1678. it was legally voted that there should be a Rate made in the Town of Milton, levied upon the inhabi¬ tants, of thirty pounds for the us of M r Samuel Man; which is and'may be helpful to us in the us of the Ministry, and the Select-men were to make the rate; and also it was voted that Mr. man should have one third part of his pay in mony, or as mony. FIRST RECORDED TAX-LIST OF MILTOX. A Rate made the 13 th . 12 m . 1678 in the Town of Milton to pay the Town debts as followeth: viz. Henry Crane Samuel Golifer Anthony Golifer £ s. D. 00-12-06 I Thomas Holman 00-06-06 John Kinsley 00-19-03 | William Denison £ 8 . D. 00-13-04 00 - 11-00 00-10-09 TAX-LISTS AND TOWN OFFICERS. 213 £ s. D. £ s. D. Anthony Newton 00-02-09 Georg Lion 00-03-08 John Daniel 00-08-05 Edward Black 00-04-08 Thomas Swift 00-07-07 Joseph Tucker 00 -01-00 Nath. Picher 00-04-00 Samuel Picher 00-03-00 Joseph Belchers Estate 00-09-02 John Fenno 00-04-05 John Williston 00 -02-01 Timothy Wals 00-01-06 Widdow Saulsbury 00-02-07 Teag Crehore 00 -02-10 Walter Mory 00 -02-02 Beniamin Badcock 00-05-05 Daniel Hinsher 00-03-08 T. Clement’s Meddow 00-00-06 Thomas Yose 00-07-01 Nnahmiah Hayden 00 -00-10 Steven Langley 00-01-07 W illiam Pen 00-00-08 Edward Yose 00-16-04 Caleb Hobard 00-01-03 Widdow Gill 00-16-02 William Pherry 00-00-08 John Kerny 00 -01-10 Thofild Curtis 00-00-03 Thomas Horten 00 -01-02 Martin Sanders 00-00-08 Ephraim Newton 00 -01-10 Edward Thomson 00-01-07 Widdow AYadsworth 00-03-01 William Owen 00-00-05 John Jordon 00 -10-11 Richard Colicot 00-00-05 Widdow Badcock 00-05-09 Thomas Garner 00-01-03 The Corn Mill 00-08-10 Simon Lins 00 -02-00 Richard Smith 00-01-08 Thomas Tolman 00 -00-10 Umphre Tifiny 00-02-08 Joseph Wild 00 -01-00 Robert Badcock 00-06-02 Thomas Williams 00 -01-00 Jonathan Badcock 00-05-09 Return Badcock 00 -01-00 Samuel Badcock 00-03-04 Eleazar Lelond 00 -01-00 Simon Peeke 00-04-00 Robert Mason 00 -01-00 John Dicke 00-06-00 Thomas Stevens 00-00-06 Robert Tucker 00-08-03 Sanslet Pearc 00-00-06 Georg Sumner William Blacke 00-07-09 00-05-11 John Gosbery 00 -01-00 Ebenezer Clapp 00-03-01 Sixty Seven Signatures 16 00 00 James Tucker 00-02-08 A.D. 1700. The following tax-list, copied from the original records, repre¬ sents only the town tax of £27 10s. The same individuals were assessed for the year 1700 to pay the salary of Rev. Peter Thacher, £68; for the use of the Province £48, and for the use of the County of Suffolk £3 17s., making an aggregate of £147 7s. Od. In observance of the Treasurer’s warrant dated the seventh day of March 1700. We the Selectmen of Milton on the 14 th day of May following the said date, made this part of assessment our Town’s proportion, being twenty seven pounds, this being the East end of the Town’s population as followeth: — Poles. Housing & Lauds. Stock & Faculty. Total. Henry Crane. . 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 00 02 07 00 13 02 00 00 07 00 02 01 00 07 00 00 00 09 00 04 08 01 02 02 00 01 04 Samuel Gulliver. . . James Atherton. 214 HISTORY OF MILTON. Poles. Housing & Lands. Stock & Faculty! Thomas Lincorne. 0 2 0 00 00 02 00 00 05 Jonathan Gulliver. 0 2 0 00 13 04 00 07 08 Thomas Holman. 0 2 0 00 10 06 00 05 07 Isaac Grose. 0 2 0 00 02 07 00 00 05 Joseph Hunt. 0 2 0 00 02 08 00 00 07 Enoch Hunt. 0 2 0 00 02 11 00 00 09 Thomas Horton..yr.. 0 4 0 00 02 06 00 00 06 Obedia Haws. . . . 0 2 0 00 00 00 00 00 00 Peter White. . 0 2 0 00 05 03 00 01 11 Nathaniel Badcock.. 0 2 0 00 01 09 00 00 11 John Kinsley & his Mother. 0 2 0 00 06 02 00 02 03 John Daniel. 0 2 0 00 08 00 00 02 01 Thomas Swift... 0 2 0 00 05 03 00 06 02 Nathaniel Pitcher. 0 2 0 00 02 08 00 02 02 William Badcock & his Mother. 0 2 0 00 02 05 00 01 09 Nathaniel Badcock. 0 2 0 00 01 09 00 00 11 Moses Belcher.. 0 2 0 00 11 06 00 04 04 Samuel Miller..... 0 2 0 00 07 06 00 07 00 John Redman.. 0 2 0 00 01 09 00 00 07 Richard Smith. 0 2 0 00 00 00 00 00 07 William Yose. 0 2 0 00 01 09 00 00 07 John Eenno . 0 2 0 00 02 00 00 02 00 Daniel Henshaw .. 0 2 0 00 03 06 00 02 02 Thomas Vose. 0 2 0 00 04 05 00 02 00 Thomas Vose Ju r ... o 2 o Thomas Holman Ju r . o 2 o Samuel Gulliver Ju r . o 2 o 00 00 04 David Horton. o 2 o Philip Liscom. o 2 o Samuel Webb for the Mills. 00 07 07 Henry Crane for Collins Meadow. 00 01 06 John Marsh. 00 03 00 Nathaniel Walse of Brantery . 00 01 03 Samuel Paine. 00 00 05 Samuel Bass. 00 00 05 Thomas Share. 00 00 06 Ebenezer Share... ..... .. 00 00 02 Solomon Vezey. 00 00 10 Theophilis Curtes. 00 00 04 John Rugles. 00 00 09 Dependance Erench. 00 00 07 John Erench. 00 00 02 Samuel French. 00 00 02 John Erench. 00 00 02 Widdow Joanah Badcock. 00 00 06 00 00 05 Total. 00 02 07 02 03 00 00 18 01 00 05 00 00 05 03 00 05 08 00 07 00 00 02 00 00 09 02 00 04 08 00 12 05 00 12 01 00 13 05 00 05 09 00 06 02 00 04 08 00 17 04 00 16 06 00 04 04 00 02 07 00 04 04 00 06 00 00 07 08 00 08 05 00 02 00 00 02 00 00 02 04 00 02 00 00 02 00 00 07 07 00 01 06 00 03 00 00 01 03 00 00 05 00 00 05 00 00 06 00 00 02 00 00 10 00 00 04 00 00 09 00 00 07 00 00 02 00 00 02 00 00 02 00 00 11 12 16 08 This rate committed to Constable John Redman to Colect Recorded this 18 day of May 1700 by me Thomas Vose town Clark Thomas Swift, Thomas Yose, Thomas Holman, Samuel Gulliver. Selectmen. TAX-LISTS AND TOWN OFFICERS. 215 In observance of the Treasury warrant dated the twenty seventh day of March 1700 we the Selectmen of Milton on the 14 th day of May following the said date made this part of assessment our towns proportion being twenty seven pounds : this being the West End of the towns proportion as followeth: Poles. Housing 8s Lands. Stock and Faculty. Total. Edward Vose.. .... 0 2 0 00 13 02 00 03 09 00 18 11 John Trot. 0 2 0 00 00 11 00 00 09 00 03 08 John Wadsworth & his Mother. 0 2 0 00 06 02 00 02 08 00 10 10 Ebenezer Wadsworth..... 0 2 0 00 02 03 00 01 04 00 05 07 Nathaniel Gulliver. 0 2 0 .00 02 08 00 01 11 00 06 07 Walter Morey. 0 2 0 00 01 09 00 01 00 00 04 09 William Sumner.. 0 2 0 00 02 08 00 02 04 00 07 00 Joseph Houghton. 0 2 0 00 01 04 00 01 06 00 04 10 0 2 0 00 02 00 Benjamin Eenno. 0 2 0 00 05 03 00 02 11 00 10 02 Henry Glover. 0 2 0 00 04 11 00 01 05 00 08 04 Henry Glover Ju r . 0 2 0 00 00 11 00 00 10 00 03 09 Ephraim Newton . ... . 0 2 0 00 04 05 00 02 11 00 09 04 Peter Lion. 0 2 0 00 00 05 00 01 11 00 04 04 Ebenezer Warren. . 0 2 0 00 00 05 00 00 06 00 02 11 Timothy Crehore. 0 2 0 00 05 09 00 02 04 00 10 01 Jonathan Wiat. 0 2 0 Nathaniel Wales. 0 2 0 00 04 09 00 01 07 00 08 04 Widdow Lion.. 0 0 0 00 00 05 00 00 05 00 00 10 James Tucker. 0 6 0 00 07 06 00 02 06 00 16 00 Ebenezer Clap.*. 0 4 0 00 04 00 00 03 09 00 11 09 William Blake... 0 0 0 00 02 04 00 00 09 00 03 01 Nathaniel and Edward Blake. 0 4 0 00 03 06 00 01 06 00 09 00 Lieut George Sumner. 0 4 0 00 08 09 00 02 01 00 14 10 George Sumner Ju r . . 0 2 0 00 01 09 00 01 09 00 05 06 Ephraim Tucker... 0 2 0 00 05 03 00 02 01 00 09 04 Manaseth Tucker. 0 2 0 00 05 04 00 02 01 00 09 05 Ebenezer Sumner & his Mother. 0 2 0 00 04 06 00 01 09 00 08 03 Samuel Triscot. 0 4 0 00 03 06 00 02 02 00 08 08 John Williston .. 0 4 0 00 04 00 Henry Vose. 0 4 0 00 02 08 00 01 10 00 08 06 Ezra Clap.. 0 2 0 00 06 00 00 04 00 00 12 00 Jonathan Badcock. 0 4 0 00 03 11 00 02 00 00 09 11 Widdow Hannah Badcock. . 0 2 0 00 06 01 00 02 01 00 10 02 James Badcock o 2 o 00 02 00 Joseph Bent. 0 4 0 00 00 11 00 00 09 00 05 08 John Vose. 0 2 0 00 00 11 00 01 05 00 04 04 Nathaniel Vose. . o 2 o 00 02 00 William Bentley. o 2 o 00 00 03 00 02 03 Thomas Tolmari. o 0 o on on no 00 00 09 Samuel Jones. 00 00 07 00 00 07 Bobert Field for Moses Medow. 00 01 06 00 01 06 Mathias PnfFer. 00 00 10 00 00 10 Stephen Crane.. 00 00 10 00 00 10 14 10 06 216 HISTORY OF MILTON. This rate committed to Thomas Swift j Constable Samuel Triscot Thomas Holman | to Colect Thomas Vose V Selectmen. Samuel Gulliver Recorded this 18 th day of may 1700 by me Manaseth Tucker j Thomas Vose, Town Clark. This record shows 78 polls in 1700 and 92 tax-payers. A.D. 1750. Passing over a period of fifty years we give the names of one hundred and sixty-nine tax-payers, who, in 1750, appear on the stage as the active men of Milton, and the amount of the assessment for that year. 1 These Rates made by the Assessors of Milton in November 1749 being each mans part and proportion To the Rovince Tax of 344-17-6 in Bills of the Last Tenor, and to the Town Tax of 152-6-4 in Bills of the Last Tenor and to the County Tax of 9-16-3 in Bills of the Last Tenor. Tax Payers at the West End of the Town. Samuel Clark, Elizabeth Kilpatrick, Benjamin Crane, Joseph Crane, Dea. Nathaniel Houghton, Ebenezer Houghton, Edward Crane, Mr. Isaac Billing, John Pitcher, John Daniel, Capt. Samuel Tucker & Son, Samuel Miller, Esqr., Jeremiah Tucker, Lieu 4 Samuel Wadsworth & Sons, 1 The Tax of Milton, with Heps, pay, in 1759 was, in the whole, £512 “ 13 “ 7 L.M. The Tax of Milton, with Reps, pay, in 1760 was, in the whole, £484 “ 13 “ 7. The Tax of Milton, with Reps, pay (being £20), for 1761 was, in the whole, £398 “ 2 “ 6. Estimate of the several articles in Milton by which the tax of the town was regulated, 1761: — 115 % 54 ~ 1 - 439 5^35 1660 - 460 278 - 196 14 „ 36 £667 £51:48 - 1359 " 42 Dwelling Houses at £5 Feet of Wharf Grist Mill Cow Pastures at 16/ Bushels of Grain at 8d Barrels Cider at 2/4 Tons English hay at 18/ Ditto Fresh at 6/ Ditto Salt at 8/ Rents Received Servants for life at £3. Tuns Vessels at 4/ Stock in Trade at 6 ^ Ct. Money at Interest at 6 Ct Horses at 4/ Oxen at 4/ Cows at 3/ Sheep at 4d Hogs at 1/ 577 “ 10 — “5 4 - 35*“ 4 187 “ 16 193 “ 12 4 I 4 “ - 83“ 8 78 “ 8 477 “ 1 42 “ - 7 “ 4 40“ - 308 “ 17 35 “ 16 35 “ 4 58“ 4 22 “ 13 “ 4 “ 5 “ 7 £2919 “ 6 “ o A true copy Ex d . A. Belcher. TAX-LISTS AND TOWN OFFICERS. 217 Nathaniel Blake, Ju r ., Capt. John Gulliver, Anthony Gulliver, Samuel Keys, Wido. Hannah Gulliver, Ens. Simon Blake, Ebenezer Sumner, Jazaniah Sumner, William Tucker, Caleb Hearsey, Benjamin Horton, Benjamin Fenno, Joseph Bent, Thomas Vose, Samuel Glover, Justus Soper, John Newton, Thomas Swift, Elijah Crane, David Sumner, Joseph Billing & Son, John Lowran, Maj r Benjamin Eenno, Samuel Fenno, Stephen Davenport, Samuel Davenport, Dr. John Sprague, Samuel Crehore, Isaiah Crehore, Ebenezer Crehore, Dea. Timothy Crehore, Capt. John Crehore, Lieu. Robert Vose Robert Vose, Jun r , Ebenezer Tucker, Samuel Tucker, David Blake, James Tucker, Noah Damon, Moses Blake, Ebenezer Knight, Wido. Elizabeth Blake, Wido. Hannah Blake, Ens. Benjamin Sumner, Abijah Sumner, Daniel Sumner, William Sumner, Robert Field, Abijah Smith, John Bent, Lieu. Jazaniah Tucker, Seth Sumner, Mr James Smith, John Sumner, George Gault, Benjamin Gault, John Gault, John Patterson, Thomas Edwards, John Loughead, M r Edward Jackson, Stephen Harris Nailer, Robert Pope, John Trescot, Thomas Commings, Thomas Trott, Thomas Lyon, Jun r , Cap: John Robinson, Jonathan Davis, Moses Davis, Edward Capen, Ebenezer Jones, Daniel & Aquila Tolman, John Puffer, Junr. Eighty Eight Names These Rates wei’e committed to Mr. Samuel Tucker Constable to Collect. Samuel Wadsworth Stephen Davenport Jazaniah Tucker Assessors of Milton. These Rates made by y e Assessors of Milton in November 1749 being each mans Proportion to the Province, Town, and County Tax and being each mans part for the East End of the Town of Milton. Tax Payers in the East End of Pelatiah Rawson, Abijah Crane, Moses Hayden, Capt. Lamuel Kinsley, John Adams, Capt William Pirce & Son, David Rawson, William Cunningham, M r . Byfield Lyde, Jeremiah Phillips, Nathan Ford, Ebenezer Bent, Hannah Carshore, George Badcock, Ebenezer Scott, James Field, William Foy, Esqr, William Woodhouse, John Swift, Ebenezer Swift, Joseph Miller, Henry Crane, Charls Apthorp, Esqr, Joseph Gooch, Esqr, John Sherman, William Badcock, Benjamin Felton, Jeremiah Smith, William Nelson, Thomas Harris, Nathaniel Swift, Ebenezer Badcock, Edward Vose, Isaac How, John Vose, Jonah How, Samuel Henshaw & Son, David Vose, Jonathan Vose, Cap 1 Nathaniel Vose & Sons, Lieu. John Badcock, Nathaniel Abram, John Waterhair, Thomas White, David Coplan, Joseph Clap, ^Nathaniel Shepard, Ebenezer Sumner, Junr, Thomas Pearl, Joseph Hunt, the Town. Edward Adams, Brinsmead Hunt, Nathan Badcock, David Horton & Joseph, David Horton, Junr, Enoch Horton, Philip White, Ebenezer Horton, John Marshall, Mr John Wadworth, Wido. Elizabeth Wadsworth, Benjamin Wadsworth, Seth Smith, Joseph Richard, Esqr., Stephen Winchester, Thomas Glover, Dr. Benjamin Steadman, Lieu. Benjamin Beal, Josiah French, Moses French, Hannah French, William Penniman, Dea. John Adams, Benjamin Ruggles, John Marsh & bretheren, 218 " HISTORY OF MILTON. Josiah Capen, Thomas Spurr, Jonathan Coplan, Mary Dean, Capt James Draper, John Badcock. Eighty One Names. These Bates committed to M r Ebenezer Sumner, Junr, Constable to collect Samuel Wadsworth, l Stephen- Davenport, \ Assessors of Milton. Jazaniah Tucker, J These Bates were Eecorded by Benjamin Wadsworth, Town Cleric. A.D. 1800. Moving on through another half-century, we find a new list of agents engaged in meeting the duties and discharging the trusts of the town. The same family names appear, but instead of the fathers are the children. The amount raised by tax in 1800 was $1,500. The following lisi sixty-two tax-payers Abel Allyne, John Amory, Ditto Welles’ estate, Samuel Adams, John Adams, Moses Adams, John Adams, Jr., Minot Adams, Samuel Allyne, Benjamin Bronsdon, Lemuel Babcock, Hannah Babcock, Seth Baggs, Ditto Nathan Vose Estate, Ithamar Badcock, John Bent, Josiah Bent, Capt. Joseph Bent, John Bent, Jr., Shepard Bent, Thomas Baker, Parson Belcher, Moses Belcher, Ditto for Mrs Houghton’s Estate, Joseph Billings, Ziba Blake, James Blake, Ditto Bebecca Bawson’s Mai’sh, William Bowman, J. Smith Boise, Joseph Bodge, Stephen Bradley, Peter Brow, John B. Bronsdon, Daniel Briggs, Enos Blake, Benjamin Bowland, Lewis Babcock, George Clark, embraces the names Nathaniel Clark, William Childs, Ditto for Blacke’s Estate, Benjamin Bronsdon, Jr., Peter Blanchard, Thomas Crane, Esq., Henry Crane, Vose Crane, Seth Crane, Jesse Crane, Jeremiah Crane, Isaac Copeland, Ephraim Copeland, Samuel Carrawav, Benjamin Canady, Artemas Canady, Ebenezer W. C'alef, Ezra Coats, Asaph Churchill, Samuel Cabbot, Ditto for Joseph Babcock’s Estate, John Capen, Dea. John Crehore, John Crehore, Jun r , William Crehore, Benjamin Crehore, Ditto for Mrs. Mellus’House, John S. Crehore, Thomas Crehore, -Cook, Adam Davenport, Nathaniel Davenport, William Davenport, Isaac Davenport, Phinehas Davenport, John Dingley, Nathaniel Daniels, -Davis, Archibald McDonald, Isachar Everett, of two hundred and Jonathan Farrington, Benjamin Felt, Ditto for Mary Bawson’s land, Benjamin Felt, Jun r ., Mary Fenno, Elisha Field, Waitstill Foord, Jazaniah Foord, James Foord, Nathan Foord, Joseph Foord, Simon Ferry, Elizabeth Foye, Daniel French, Daniel French, Jun r ., Alexander French, Benjamin Field, John Gardiner, Nathaniel Gay, John Gay, Moses Gay, John Gibbons, Nathaniel Glover, Sarah Glover, Jacob Gill, Sam’l K. Glover, John Gulliver, Dea. Cornelius Gulliver, Lemuel Gulliver, Thomas Harling, Benjamin Henshaw, Judah Henry, William Hooker, Ditto Hunt’s house, Hannah Henshaw, Isaac Hunter, Dr. Amos Holbrook, Stephen Horton, Samuel Horton, Samuel Horton, Jun r ., TAX-LISTS AND TOWN OFFICERS. 219 Patience Horton, Asa Horton, Nathaniel Humphrey, Caleb Hubbard, Ditto for Babcock’s & Blake’s pasture, Widow Elizabeth Howe, Gideon & Elijah Hunt, Brinsmead Hunt, Abner Hunt, Silas Hunt, Samuel Hunt, Lemuel Hunt, Isaac Hunt, Ralph Houghton, Jason Houghton, Oliver Houghton, John Houghton, Nathaniel Jones, Ditto for Tucker house, Patrick Jeffrey, Esq., Uriah Johnson, Sarah Kneeland, Silas Kinney, Heirs of Hugh McLean, Samuel Leeds, John Little, Jacob Lyon, Barnabas Lathrop, Moses Lamb, John Marshal, Joseph May, Heirs of Mungo Maccay. Ditto for Briggs’ Estate,' Javan Morse, Ezra Morse, Calvin Marshal, Thaddeus Morton, Ditto part Dr. Glover’s Es¬ tate, Puller Mills, James Mitchel, -Nourse, Joseph Puffer, Lemuel Pratt, Charles Pierce, Ditto for Mrs Rowe’s Estate, Rufus Pierce, William Pierce, Bartholomew Pierce, John Pierce, Joel Pratt, Calvin Pratt, Aaron Proctor, Samuel Packard, Junr., Josiah Parker, Lemuel Pierce, Phinehas Paine, Solomon Parker, Ditto for Dea. Williams’ Estate, Nehemiah Perry, Rowland Powers, William F. Pinchbeck, Ditto part of Yose’s house, Joseph Pope, Ditto part of Daniel Yose’s Estate, Dyer Rawson, Ditto for Rebecca Rawson’s Marsh, James Raven, Edward H. Robbins, James Read, Noah Read, Benjamin Read, Thomas Read, Elisha Read, Josiah Reed, Elizabeth Rowe, John Ruggles, John Ruggles, Jun r ., John Sherman, Isaac Smith, Ditto for part of Vose’s house, Joseph Stimpson, John Sullivan, Sullivan & Bodge for Vose’s mill & Lillie’s house, Charles Stone, Minor Smith, -Smith, Henry Smith, Heirs of Lydia Sumner, Heirs of Enos Sumner, Seth Sumner, Ditto for Clark’s land, William Sumner, David Sumner, Sarah Sumner, Jabez Sumner, Marcy Sumner, Marcy Sumner, Junr., Jesse Sumner, Ditto for Vose’s house, John Swift, Samuel Swift, John Swift, Junr., Samuel K. Spurr, Peter Slone, Ditto for part of Vose’s Es¬ tate, Benjamin Sylvester, Ditto for Susannah Crane’s Estate, William & Thomas Taylor, Benja Thayer, George Talbut, Samuel Thompson, Ditto for part of Robbins’ Estate, Dr. Benjamin Turner, Catherine Tucker, William Tucker, Ebenezer Tucker, Elisha Tucker, Ditto for Pierce’s house, Timothy Tucker, Timothy Tucker, Jun r ., Amariah Tucker, George Tucker, James Tucker, Joseph Tucker, Jarat Tucker, Abel Tucker, Dea. David Tucker, Jeremiah Tucker, Isaac Tucker, Nathaniel Tucker, Samuel Tucker, Samuel Tucker, J. Copeland and D. French for Bil ling’s Estate, Daniel Vose, Daniel T. Vose, Joseph Vose, Elijah Vose, Ditto for Paine’s pasture, Benjamin Vose, Ditto for Dorchester pas¬ ture, Nathan Vose, Lewis Vose, Heirs of Patience Vose, ' Hannah Vose, Stephen Vose, Alexander Vose, Samuel Vose, Samuel Vose, Jun r ., Moses Vose, Lydia Vose, John White, Elijah Withington, -Winslow, Joseph Wadsworth, Benjamin Wadsworth, William Wadsworth, John Wadsworth, Joshua Ward, Arnold Welles, Ebenezer Williams, Ditto for Welles’ Estate, Zebediah Williams, Samuel Williams, Joseph Wild, Ditto for Houghton Estate, Elijah D. Wild, Ditto for part of Tucker bake-house & barn, John Young, 4 f John Drew, J j Joseph Colton, isq ( Simeon Golden. Recorded by John Ruggles, Town Cleric. Sam’l K. Glover, 1 Assessors James Foord, ^ of Jason Houghton, J Milton. 220 HISTORY OF MILTON. MOEE EECENT STATEMENTS. The financial condition and expenditures of the town for later years may be learned from the following statements : — 1837. Total expenditures. $9,284 75 1838. “ “ 5,559 64 1839. “ “ 6,082 06 1840. “ “ 4,923 72 1845. “ “ 5,560 60 1850. “ “ 6,982 88 1855. “ “ 80,075 03 1860. Value of real estate.$1,820,100 00 Value of personal estate . . . . . . . 1,362,900 00 Total valuation.$3,183,000 00 Number of polls, 641; rate of taxation, $4.50 on $1,000. 1870. Value of real estate.$2,020,100 00 Value of personal estate . . . . . . . 2,105,800 00 Total valuation ..$4,170,900 00 Number of polls, 560 ; rate of taxation, $9 on $1,000. 1880. Value of personal estate.$5,753,325 00 Value of real estate. 3,515,400 00 Total valuation.$9,268,725 00 Number of polls, 810; rate of taxation, $6.50 on $1,000. 1885. Valuation of personal estate.$8,166,100 00 Valuation of real estate. 4,219,050 00 Total valuation.$12,385,150 00 Number of polls, 865 ; rate of taxation, $6 on $1,000. Interesting facts may be drawn from these bald statistics. It will be seen that, in the lapse of twenty-five years from 1860, while the increase in polls has been two hundred and twenty- four, giving an annual increase of nine, the increase in the tax¬ able property of the town has been $9,202,150, equal to an annual increase of $368,086. Other deductions, equally surprising, will follow a further examination of these figures. PUBLIC OFFICERS. 221 PUBLIC OFFICERS. In the following pages appear the names of those who have filled the principal offices of trust through the whole history of the town. It will he of interest in these records to trace the succession of public officers and discover who were the leading men of the day; to note the changes of families, and the general progress of things as society advances. SELECT MEN OF MILTON", 1668-1887. 1668. Sargent Babcock, Sargeant Blake, Thomas Swift. 1669. Bobert Yose, Robert Tucker, Thomas Swift. 1670. Sargent Babcock, Sarg Wadsworth, Anthony Golliver, Thoms Swift, Robert Tucker. 1671. Robert Tucker, William Blake, Samuel Wadsworth, Thomas Swift, Anthony Golover. 1672. Robert Tucker, William Blake, Samuel Wadsworth, Thomas Swift, Anthony Golover. 1673. Anthony Gollifer, Samuel Wadsworth, Thomas Swift, Robert Badcock, Robert Tucker. 1674. Samuel Wadsworth, Thomas Swift, Anthony Gollifer, Mr. Holman, Rob¬ ert Tucker. 1675. Anthony Gollifer, Thomas Holman, Samuel Wadsworth, Thomas Swift, Robert Tucker. 1676. Anthony Gollifer, Thomas Swift, Thomas Holman, Nathan Badcock, Robert Tucker. 1677. Robert Yose, Robert Badcock, George Sumner, Thomas Yose, John Kingsley. 1678. Thomas Swift, George Sumner, Anthony Gollifer, Edward Blake, Thomas Holman. 1679. Robert Tucker, George Sumner, Thomas Swift, Henry Crane, Thomas Holman. 1680. Robert Tucker, Thomas Swift, George Sumner, Henry Crane, Thomas Holman. 1681. Henry Crane, Anthony Golifer, Thomas Swift, George Sumner, Thomas Holman. 1682. Anthony Golifer, Thomas Swift, George Sumner, Thomas Holman, Ralph Houghton. 1683. Anthony Golifer, Thomas Holman, Quartermaster Thom Swift, George Sumner, Ralph Houghton. 1684. Anthony Golifer, Thomas Holman, Quartermaster Thom Swift, George Sumner, Ralph Houghton. 1685. Thomas Swift, George Sumner, Thomas Yose, John Kinsley, Anthony Golifer. 1686. Thomas Swift, George Sumner, Thomas Holman, Thomas Vose, John Kinsley. 1687. Thomas Swift, George Sumner, Thomas Holman, Thomas Yose, John Kinsley. 1688. Thomas Yose, Thomas Swift, George Sumner, Benjamin Badcock, Sam¬ uel Gullifer. 1689. Thomas Yose, Thomas Swift, George Sumner, Benjamin Badcock, Sam¬ uel Gullifer. 222 HISTORY OF MILTON. 1690. Thomas Yose, Thomas Swift, George Sumner, Ebenezer Clap, William Blake. 1691. Thomas Holman, Thomas Swift, Robert Badcock, George Sumner, Eb¬ enezer Clap. 1692. Thomas Holman, Thomas Swift, Robert Badcock, George Sumner, Eb¬ enezer Clap. 1693. Capt. Thomas Yose, George Sumner, Lieut. Thomas Swift, Ezra Clap, Ephriam Tucker. 1694. Thomas Vose, Thomas Swift, Edward Vose, Ezra Clap, Thomas Holman. 1695. Thomas Yose, Thomas Swift, Edward Yose, Ezra Clap, Thomas Holman. 1696. Thomas Vose, Lieut. Thomas Swift, George Sumner, Senior, Ebenezer Clap, Ephriam Tucker. 1697. Thomas Vose, Lieut. Thomas Swift, George Sumner, Senior, Ebenezer Clap, Ephriam Tucker. 1698. Thomas Swift, George Sumner, S r , Ebenezer Clap, Ephriam Tucker, Jonathan Gulliver. 1699. Dea. Thomas Swift, Lieut. George Sumner, Ensign Ebenezer Clap, Sarg. Ephriam Tucker, Jonathan Gulliver. 1700. Thomas Swift, Thomas Vose, Thomas Holman, Samuel Gulliver, Man- asseh Tucker. 1701. Thomas Vose, Thomas Swift, George Sumner, Ebenezer Clap, Manasseh Tucker. 1702. Thomas Yose, Thomas Swift, George Sumner, Ebenezer Clap, Manasseh Tucker. 1703. Thomas Swift, Thomas Yose, George Sumner, Ebenezer Clap, Thomas Holman. 1704. Thomas Yose, George Sumner, Thomas Swift, Ephraim Tucker, Jonathan Gulliver. 1705. Thomas Yose, Ebenezer Clap, Jonathan Gulliver, Manasseh Tucker, Dea. Thom Swift. 4706. Thomas Vose, Deacon Thomas Swift, Jonathan Gulliver, Deacon George Sumner, Manasseh Tucker. 1707. Thomas Vose, Deacon George Sumner, Lieut. Gulliver, Dea. Swift, Manasseh Tucker. 1708. Voted to have three — Ephraim Tucker, Jonathan Gulliver, Manasseh Tucker. 1709. Voted to have three — Ephraim Tucker, Jonathan Gulliver, Manasseh Tucker. 1710. Voted to have three — Jonathan Gulliver, Ephraim Tucker, Ebenezer W adsworth. 1711. Voted to have three — Jonathan Gulliver, Ephraim Tucker, Ebenezer Wadsworth. 1712. Voted to have three — Jonathan Gulliver, Ephraim Tucker, Ebenezer Wadsworth. 1713. Jonathan Gulliver, Ephraim Tucker, Henry Vose, Manasseh Tucker, Ebenezer Wadsworth. 1714. Voted to have three—Ephraim Tucker, Jonathan Gulliver, Ebenezer Wadsworth. 1715. Ephraim Tucker, Jonathan Gulliver, Samuel Miller, Henry Vose, Will¬ iam Sumner. 1716. Ephraim Tucker, Jonathan Gulliver, Samuel Miller, Henry Vose, Will¬ iam Sumner. 1717. Voted to have three — Ephraim Tucker, John Daniel, Jonathan Gulliver. 1718. Voted to have three — Ephraim Tucker, John Daniel, Jonathan Gulliver. 1719. Ephraim Tucker, John Wadsworth, Jonathan Gulliver, Manasseh Tucker, Benjamin Eenno. 1720. Ephraim Tucker, John Wadsworth, Jonathan Gulliver, Manasseh Tucker, Benjamin Eenno. 1721. John Wadsworth, Benjamin Eenno, Thomas Vose, Samuel Wadsworth, Edward Blake. PUBLIC OFFICERS. 223 1722. John Wadsworth, Benjamin Fenno, Thomas Vose, Samuel Wadsworth, Edward Blake. 1723. John Wadsworth, Benjamin Fenno, Lieut. Henry Yose, Samuel Wads¬ worth, Edward Blake. 1724. John Wadsworth, Benjamin Fenno, Lieut. Henry Yose, Samuel Wads¬ worth, Edward Blake. 1725. John Wadsworth, Samuel Wadsworth, Ephraim Tucker, Jonathan Gulli¬ ver, John Daniel. 1726. John Wadsworth, Samuel Wadsworth, John Daniel, George Sumner, Samuel Swift. 1727. John Wadsworth, Samuel Wadsworth, John Daniel, George Sumner, Samuel Swift. 1728. John Wadsworth, Ephraim Tucker, Samuel Wadsworth, Jonathan Gulli¬ ver, Samuel Swift. 1729. Jonathan Gulliver, Ephraim Tucker, John Wadsworth, John Daniel, George Sumner. 1730. John Wadsworth, John Daniel, Samuel Miller, Jr., Edward Glover, Peres Bradford. 1731. John Wadsworth, George Babcock, Benjamin Sumner, Edward Glover, Peres Bradford. 1732. John Daniel, Benjamin Sumner, Edward Glover, George Babcock, Peres Bradford. 1733. John Wadsworth, John Daniel, Edward Glover, Benjamin Sumner, Eph¬ raim Tucker, Jr. 1734. Major Samuel Miller, Samuel Kinsley, Joseph Belcher, Samuel Tucker, Nehemiah Clap. 1735. Major Samuel Swift, Major Samuel Miller, Nehemiah Clap, Edward Glover, Benjamin Sumner. 1736. Major Samuel Swift, Major Samuel Miller, Nehemiah Clap, Edward Glover, Benjamin Sumner. 1737. Major Samuel Swift, Lieut. Samuel Kinsley, Samuel Tucker, Nehemiah Clap, Benjamin Sumner. 1738. Colonel Swift, Col. Miller, Nehemiah Clap, Ephraim Tucker, Edward Glover. 1739. Col. Swift, Col. Miller, Nehemiah Clap, Ephraim Tucker, Benjamin Sumner. 1740. Col. Swift, Benjamin Sumner, Col. Miller, Nehemiah Clap, Ephraim Tucker. 1741. Benjamin Sumner, Nehemiah Clap, Ephraim Tucker, Capt. William Pierce, Mr. Joseph Bent. 1742. Samuel Miller, Esq., Samuel Swift, Esq., Nehemiah Clap, Benjamin Sumner, Ebenezer Tucker. 1743. Samuel Swift, Esq., Samuel Miller, Esq., Nehemiah Clap, Ephraim Tucker, Nathaniel Houghton. 1744. Samuel Swift, Esq., Samuel Miller, Esq., Ephraim Tucker, Benjamin Sumner, Dea. Nath. Houghton. 1745. Yoted to have three — Samuel Miller, Samuel Swift, Ephraim Tucker. 1746. Samuel Miller, Samuel Swift, Benjamin Sumner, Benjamin Wadsworth, Dea. Nath. Houghton. 1747. Benjamin Wadsworth, Benjamin Fenno, Samuel Swift, Samuel Miller, Dea. Nathaniel Houghton. 1748. Samuel Miller, Major Benjamin Fenno, Benj. Sumner, Jazaniah Tucker, Benj. Wadsworth. 1749. Lieut. Sam 1 Wadsworth, Stephen Davenport, Coll. Samuel Tucker, Lieut. Jazaniah Tucker, Benj. Wadsworth. 1750. Lieut. Sami. Wadsworth, Samuel Miller, Ensign Benj. Sumner, Lieut. Benj. Wadsworth, Lieut. John Badcock. 1751. Lieut. Sami. Wadsworth, Sami. Miller, Benjamin Wadsworth, Benj. Sumner, John Adams. 224 HISTORY OF MILTON. 1752. Yoted to have three — Deacon Nathaniel Houghton, Benjamin Wads¬ worth, Dea. Timothy Crehore. 1753. Voted to have three — Benjamin Wadsworth, Dea. Nathaniel Houghton, William Tucker. 1754. Yoted to have three —Benjamin Wadsworth, Dea. Nathaniel Houghton, William Tucker. 1755. Lieut. Jazaniah Tucker, Seth Sumner, David Rawson, Benjamin Crane, W m . Tucker. 1756. Lieut. Jazaniah Tucker, Benj. Wadsworth, John Adams, Jeremiah Tucker, W m . Tucker. 1757. Benj. Wadsworth, Benj. Eenno, W m . Tucker, David Rawson, Jeremiah Tucker. 1758. Stephen Davenport, Capt. Thomas Vose, W m . Badcock, Josiah How, Lieu*. Enoch Horton. 1759. Benjamin Wadsworth, Jr., W m . Tucker, Stephen Davenport, Jr., Josiah How, Dea. Nat. Houghton. 1760. Samuel Miller, Esq., Dea. Nat. Houghton, Stephen Davenport, Josiah How, Lieu*. Jeremiah Tucker. 1761. Dea. Nathaniel Houghton, Benjamin Wadsworth, Stephen Davenport, Josiah How, Dea. W m . Tucker. 1762. Edward Hutchinson, Benj. Wadsworth, Stephen Davenport, Stephen Miller, Josiah How. 1763. Dea. W m . Tucker, Lieut. Jazaniah Tucker, Stephen Davenport, William Badcock, Stephen Clap. 1764. Dea. Wadsworth, Stephen Miller, Isaac How, Capt. Jeremiah Tucker, Samuel Davenport. 1765. Dea. Wadsworth, Stephen Miller, Dea. W m . Tucker, Josiah How, Sam¬ uel Davenport. 1766. Dea. Benj. Wadsworth, W m . Tucker, Stephen Miller, Josiah How, Lieut. Sami. Davenport. 1767. Dea. Benj". Wadsworth, W ra . Tucker, Stephen Miller, Josiah How, Lieut. Sami. Davenport. 1768. Stephen Miller, Ebenezer Tucker, John Adams, Isaac How, Stephen Davenport. 1769. Stephen Miller, Stephen Davenport, Ebenezer Tucker, John Adams, Isaac How. 1770. Josiah How, Dea. Tucker, Capt. Jeremiah Tucker, Capt. Lemuel Bent, Nathan Babcock. 1771. JosiahHow, Dea. Tucker, Joseph Clap, Amariah Blake, Joseph Houghton. 1772. Dea. Josiah How, Lemuel Bent, Nathan Babcock, Ebenezer Tucker, Samuel Davenport. 1773. Stephen Miller, Amariah Blake, Dea. Joseph Clap, Joseph Tucker, Sam¬ uel Davenport. 1774. Ebenezer Tucker, Nathan Babcock, Amariah Blake, Capt. Samuel Dav¬ enport, Oliver Vose. 1775. Capt. Ebenezer Tucker, Amariah Blake, Oliver Vose, Ralph Houghton, William Pierce. 1776. Capt. Ebenezer Tucker, Amariah Blake, Mr. Ralph Houghton, Dea. Joseph Clapp, William Pierce. 1777. Capt. Ebenezer Tucker, Amariah Blake, Mr. Ralph Houghton, Dea. Joseph Clapp, William Badcock. 1778. Amariah Blake, Capt. Ebenezer Tucker, Dea. Joseph Clap, Ralph Hough¬ ton, Capt. William Badcock. 1779. Samuel Henshaw, Seth Turner & William Tucker. 1780. Amariah Blake, Deacon William Tucker & Mr. Ralph Houghton. 1781. Amariah Blake, Dea. William Tucker, Mr. Ralph Houghton, Capt. Will¬ iam Badcock, Dea. Ebenezer Tucker. 1782. Amariah Blake, Deacon Josiah How, Seth Turner, Esq. 1783. Amariah Blake, Deacon Josiah How, Seth Turner, Esq. PUBLIC OFFICERS. 225 1784. Capt. William Badcoek, M r William Davenport, M r John Ruggles. 1785. Amariah Blake, Dr. Samuel K. Glover, Capt. David Tucker. 1786. Capt. William Badcock, Col. Josiah Hayden, Capt. David Tucker. 1787. Capt. William Badcock, Seth Sumner, Esq., Capt. David Tucker. 1788. Capt. William Badcock, Seth Sumner, Esq., Capt. David Tucker. 1789. Capt. William Badcock, Seth Sumner, Esq., Capt. David Tucker. 1790. Capt. William Badcock, Seth Sumner, Esq., Capt. David Tucker. 1791. Capt. William Badcock, Seth Sumner, Esq., Capt. David Tucker. 1792. Capt. William Badcock, Seth Sumner, Esq., Capt. David Tucker. 1793. Capt. William Badcock, Seth Sumner, Esq., Capt. David Tucker. 1794. Capt. William Badcock, Seth Sumner, Esq., Capt. David Tucker. 1795. Samuel K. Glover, James Eoord, Joseph Billings, Jason Houghton, Col. Elijah Yose. 1796. Samuel K. Glover, James Foord, Joseph Billings, Jason Houghton, Col. Elijah Yose. 1797. Samuel K. Glover, James Foord, Jason Houghton. 1798. Samuel K. Glover, James Foord, Jason Houghton. 1799. Samuel K. Glover, James Foord, Jason Houghton. 1800. Samuel K. Glover, James Foord, Jason Houghton. 1801. Samuel K. Glover, James Foord, Jason Houghton. 1802. Samuel K. Glover, James Foord, Jason Houghton. 1803. Samuel K. Glover, James Foord, Jason Houghton. 1804. Deacon David Tucker, Capt. William Pierce, M r Oliver Houghton. 1805. Capt. David Tucker, Capt. William Pierce, John Ruggles, Jun r . 1806. Capt. David Tucker, Capt. William Pierce, John Ruggles, Jun r . 1807. Capt. David Tucker, Capt. William Pierce, John Ruggles, Jun r . 1808. Capt. David Tucker, Capt. William Pierce, John Ruggles, Jun r . 1809. Capt. David Tucker, Capt. William-Pierce, John Ruggles, Jun r . 1810. Capt. William Pierce, M r . John Ruggles, Jr., Capt. Jazaniah Foord. 1811. John Ruggles, Jun r ., Jazaniah Foord, Dr. Samuel K. Glover. 1812. John Ruggles, Jun r ., Jazaniah Foord, Dr. Samuel K. Glover. 1813. John Ruggles, Jun r ., Jazaniah Foord, Dr. Samuel K. Glover. 1814. John Ruggles, Jun r ., Jazaniah Foord, Dr. Samuel K. Glover. 1815. John Ruggles, Jun r ., Jazaniah Foord, Dr. Samuel K. Glover. 1816. John Ruggles, Jun r ., Jazaniah Foord, Dr. Samuel K. Glover. 1817. John Ruggles, Junh, Jazaniah Foord, Dr. Samuel K. Glover. 1818. John Ruggles, Jun r ., Jazaniah Foord, Dr. Samuel K. Glover. 1819. John Ruggles, Jun., Jason Houghton, Samuel H. Babcock. 1820. John Ruggles, Jun r ., Jason Houghton, Samuel K. Glover. 1821. John Ruggles, Jun r ., Jason Houghton, Samuel K. Glover. 1822. John Ruggles, Jun r ., Jason Houghton, Samuel K. Glover. 1823. John Ruggles, Jun r ., Jason Houghton, Samuel K. Glover. 1824. John Ruggles, Jason Houghton, Samuel K. Glover. 1825. John Ruggles, Jason Houghton, Samuel K. Glover. 1826. John Swift, Elijah Tucker, Jesse Tucker. 1827. John Swift, Elijah Tucker, Jesse Tucker. 1828. John Swift, Elijah Tucker, Jesse Tucker. 1829. John Swift, Elijah Tucker, Jesse Tucker. 1830. John Ruggles, James Campbell, Thomas Hunt. 1831. John Ruggles, James Campbell, Thomas Hunt. 1832. John Ruggles, James Campbell, Thomas Hunt. 1833. John Ruggles, James Campbell, Thomas Hunt. 1834. John Ruggles, Thomas Hunt, Henry G. Durell. 1835. Henry G. Durell, Thomas Hunt, Ebenezer G. Tucker. 1836. Henry G. Durell, Thomas Hunt, Ebenezer G. Tucker. 1837. H. G. Durell, J. L. Pierce, C. Breck. 1838. E. G. Tucker, C. Breck, T. T. Wadsworth. 1839. E. G. Tucker, C. Breck, T. T. Wadsworth. 1840. E. G. Tucker, C. Breck, T. T. Wadsworth. 1841. C. Breck, T. T. Wadsworth, J. Young. 226 HISTORY OF MILTON. 1842. T. T. Wadsworth, Joseph Young, Ebenezer Pope. 1848. Charles Breck, Ebenezer Pope, Timothy Tucker. 1844. E. Pope, J. W. Houghton, James Breck. 1845. E. Pope, J. W. Houghton, C. Tucker. 1846. E. Pope, J. W. Houghton, C. Tucker. 1847. Ebenezer Pope, Jason W. Houghton, Charles Tucker. 1848. Ebenezer Pope, Jason W. Houghton, Charles Tucker. 1849. Samuel Babcock, Charles Tucker, Samuel Cook. 1850. Samuel Babcock, Timothy Tucker, Samuel Cook. 1851. Samuel Babcock, Samuel Cook, Timothy Tucker. 1852. Samuel Babcock, Samuel Cook, Timothy Tucker. 1858. Samuel Cook, Timothy Tucker, E. P. Fenno. 1854. Samuel Cook, Timothy Tucker, E. P. Fenno. 1855. Samuel Babcock, Jesse Vose, J. Gould, E. P. Fenno. 1856. Samuel Babcock, Jesse Yose, J. Gould. 1857. Samuel Cook, Timothy Tucker, E. P. Fenno. 1858. Samuel Cook, Timothy Tucker, E. P. Fenno. 1859. Samuel Cook, Timothy Tucker, Geo. K. Gannett. 1860. Samuel Cook, Timothy Tucker, Geo. K. Gannett. 1861. Samuel Cook, Timothy Tucker, Geo. K. Gannett. 1862. Geo. K. Gannett, C. L. Copeland, S. L. Tucker. 1863. S. L. Tucker, James Breck, J. E. Webster. 1864. S. L. Tucker, Samuel Cook, Amos Poole. 1865. S. L. Tucker, Samuel Cook, John H. Burt. 1866. Stillman L. Tucker, Samuel Cook, John H. Burt. 1867. Stillman L. Tucker, Cotton C. Bradbury, John Sias. 1868. Stillman L. Tucker, John Sias, Samuel Gannett. 1869. Stillman L. Tucker, John Sias, T. Edwin Euggles. 1870. Stillman L. Tucker, John Sias, T. Edwin Euggles. 1871. Eobert M. Todd, Edwin D. Wadsworth, Sumner A. Burt. 1872. Eobert M. Todd, Sumner A. Burt, John Tolman. 1873. Samuel Babcock, Henry S. Bussell, T. Edwin Euggles. 1874. Samuel Babcock, Henry S. Bussell, T. Edwin Euggles. 1875. Samuel Babcock, Henry S. Bussell, T. Edwin Euggles. 1876. Samuel Babcock, Henry S. Bussell, T. Edwin Euggles. 1877. Samuel Babcock, Henry S. Bussell, T. Edwin Euggles. 1878. Samuel Babcock, Henry S. Bussell, T. Edwin Euggles. 1879. J. Walter Bradlee, John H. Burt, E. B. Andrews. 1880. J. Walter Bradlee, John H. Burt, Otis S. Godfrey. 1881. J. Walter Bradlee, John H. Burt, Otis S. Godfrey. 1882. J. Walter Bradlee, John H. Burt, Otis S. Godfrey. 1883. J. Walter Bradlee, John H. Burt, Otis S. Godfrey. 1884. J. Walter Bradlee, John H. Burt, A. A. Brackett. 1885. J. Walter Bradlee, A. A. Brackett, T. Edwin Euggles. 1886. J. Walter Bradlee, A. A. Brackett, T. Edwin Euggles. 1887. J. Walter Bradlee, A. A. Brackett, T. Edwin Euggles. TOWN CLEEKS, 1662-1887. The records of the town for eight years after incorporation are very imperfect; but, as the first entries are in the handwrit¬ ing of Robert Tucker, the presumption is that he was the first Town Recorder. The answer of the General Court to the petition for incor¬ poration bearing date of May 7, 1662, is recorded by “ Robert Tucker, Recorder of Milton.” PUBLIC OFFICERS. 227 Jan. 17, 1669-70. An exchange of land between Robert Badcock and John Fenno is entered on the records by “Robert Tucker, Recorder.” The first notice in our records of an appointment to this office is as follows : — At a Town Meeting the 10 th of March, 1670 71 , Thomas houlman was chosen to be the townes Clarke to have the Towne book and Record such Yots as the towne due from time to time legally pass. Recorded List. 1670-71 Thomas Holman 1673-1676 Robert Tucker 1677 John Kinsley 1678-1682 Thomas Holman 1683 Ralph Houghton 1684-1685 Thomas Holman 1686-1688 John Kinsley 1689-1690 Thomas Vose 1691-1692 Ebenezer Clap 1693-1708 Thomas Yose 1709-1729 Ephraim Tucker 1730-1734 John Daniel 1743-1745 Nehemiah Clap 1743-1745 Ephraim Tucker 1745-1763 Benjamin Wadsworth 1764-1765 Stephen Clap 1766-1767 Elijah Wadsworth 1768-1779 Amariah Blake 1779 Samuel Henshaw 1780-1785 Amariah Blake 1786-1806 JohnRuggles 1807-1813 James Eoord 1814-1834 JohnRuggles, Jr. 1835-1838 Nathan C. Martin 1839-1842 Jason F. Kennedy 1843-1873 Jason Reed 1873-1887 Henry B. Martin TOWN TREASURERS, 1704-5 — 1887. The revenues of the town were collected by the Constables and disbursed by the Selectmen, for forty-three years after its corporate existence. March 19, 1704r-5. Jonathan Gulliver was chose Town Treasurer for the ensuing year. The records contain no further reference to Town Treasurer for the long period of twenty-eight years. March 12 th , 1733. M r . George Badcock was chose Town Treasurer. Dec. 20 th , 1733. It was put to vote to the Town whether they would reconsider the vote of the choice of Mr. George Badcock to be Town Treas¬ urer, he being in fir m and unable to serve in that office, and it passed in the affirmative. It was voted that the Selectmen succeed Mr. Badcock that was chosen Town Treasurer, and do the work his office obliged him to do. The records show no further action with regard to Town Treasurer until 1739. 228 HISTORY OF MILTON. Recorded List. 1739-1743 1743 1744-1745 1746 1747 1748-1768 1768-1774 1775 Nehemiah Clap Ephraim Tucker Dea.Benjamin Wadsworth “Voted that there should he no Town Treasurer ” “ Voted that there should he no Town Treasurer ” Benjamin Wadsworth M r . Josiah How Amariah Blake 1776-1781 William Tucker 1782-1784 Josiah How 1785-1820 John Buggies & John Buggies Jr. 1821-1823 Jedediah Atherton 1824-1834 Jesse Vose 1835-1838 Isaac Gulliver 1839-1857 Charles Breck 1858-1873 Jason Beed 1873-1887 Charles Breck COLLECTOBS, 1766-1887. In the year 1766 it was voted to choose Collectors; previous to this date the Constables had attended to this work. 1767 1768 1769 1770 1771 1772 1773 1774 1775 1776 1777 1778 1779 1780 1781-84 1785 1786 1787 1788 1789-90 1791-92 1793-94 1795 1796 1797-98 1799 Recorded List. Mr James Boice “ James Boice “ Andrew Adams “ Nathan Badcock “ Joshua Vose “ Ziba Blake “ Jacob Copeland “ James Boies “ Samuel Henshaw Deacon Joseph Clapp Mr. Amariah Blake “ Bufus Pierce Dr. Enos Sumner Mr Samuel Swift & Capt. Ebenezer Williams Capt. Bartholomew Pierce & Capt. Ebenezer Williams Joseph Badcock Esq. Major Joseph Badcock Capt Bufus Pierce Mr. Joseph Tucker “ Oliver Houghton Asaph Churchill Esq Mr Joseph Tucker Col. Ebenezer Williams John Buggies Jr. 1800-1 Mr Samuel Swift 1802-3 “ Oliver Houghton 1804 “ Charles Stone 1805 Dr Benjamin Turner 1806 Mr Bowen Crehore 1807-8 “ Charles Stone 1809 “ Lemuel Pierce 1810-11 “ Isaac Gulliver 1812 Capt. Josiah Bent 1813 Mr Isaac Gulliver 1814-15 “ William Farwell 1816 “ BalphVose 1817-18 “ Nathaniel Davenport 1819 “ Samuel Marden 1820-22 Capt William Pierce 1823-24 Mr. Jesse Vose 1825 “ Nathaniel D. Turner 1826-28 “ Jason Houghton 1829-31 ‘ ‘ Charles Tucker 1832 “ Edward Curtis 1833-37 “ Jason Houghton 1838 “ Seth Turner 1839 “ Ebenezer G. Tucker 1840 “ Seth Turner 1841 “ J. E. Clark 1842-52 “ Simeon Emerson 1853-55 “ John D. Bradlee 1856-87 “ Simeon Emerson MODEEATOBS, 1706-1887. The first reference to the presiding officer at Town Meetings appears in the records of the year 1706, when Jonathan Gul¬ liver is recorded as Moderator. No further mention is made of PUBLIC OFFICERS. 229 Moderator until 1714; at the three meetings of that year Lieut. Henry Vose, Deacon Thomas Swift, and Ebenezer Wadsworth are recorded as Moderators; from that date the record is com¬ plete to the present time. Recorded List. 1715 Henry Yose 1716-17-18 Jonathan Gulliver 1719-20 John Wadsworth 1721 John Wadsworth Lieut. Henry Vose 1722 Jonathan Gulliver Lieut. Henry Vose 1723 Lieut. Henry Vose 1724 Capt. Jonathan Gulliver 1725 Lieut. Henry Vose Capt. Jonathan Gulliver 1726 Lieut. Henry Vose 1727 Capt. Jonathan Gulliver Dea. Manasseh Tucker 1728-29 Capt. Jonathan Gulliver 1730-31 Dea. John Wadsworth 1732 Edward Glover 1733 Major Samuel Miller 1734-39 Major Samuel Swift 1740 Benjamin Sumner 1741 Nehemiah Clapp 1742-44 Major Samuel Swift 1745 Samuel Miller 1746-47 Samuel Swift 1748-49 Samuel Miller 1750 Dea. Nathaniel Houghton Samuel Miller Oxenbridge Thacher 1751 Samuel Miller 1752 Joseph Gooch Samuel Miller Dea. Nathaniel Houghton 1753 Joseph Bent Samuel Miller 1754 Lieut., Samuel Wads- worth Joseph Bent Capt. Samuel Tucker 1755 Joseph Bent 1756 Joseph Gooch Samuel Miller 1757 Samuel Miller William Tucker 1758 Samuel Miller 1759 Samuel Miller Dea. Nathaniel Houghton 1760 Samuel Miller Dea. Nathaniel Houghton 1761 Dea. Nathaniel Houghton 1762 James Boies Andrew Belcher 1763 Capt. Joseph Rosson Dr. Samuel Gardner Dea. William Tucker 1764 Andrew Belcher 1765 Dea. Benjamin Wads¬ worth Dea. William Tucker Stephen Miller Samuel Davenport 1766 Dea. Benjamin Wads¬ worth Mr. Isaac How 1767 Stephen Miller Seth Sumner William Taylor 1768 Stephen Miller Capt. David Rawson 1769-70 Stephen Miller 1771 Stephen Miller Josiah How 1772 Dea. Josiah How 1773 Dea. Josiah How Stephen Miller 1774 Dea. Josiah How Ebenezer Tucker Capt. David Rawson Col. W m . Taylor 1775 Col. W m . Taylor 1776 David Rawson, Esq. Capt. Ebenezer Tucker Dea. Joseph Clapp Mr. Ralph Houghton 1777 Capt. Ebenezer Tucker Mr Ralph Houghton 1778 1 David Rawson, Esq. Mr. Ralph Houghton Capt. Ebenezer Tucker Capt Seth Turner Capt. James Boies 1779 Capt. James Boies David Rawson, Esq. 1780 Mr. Ralph Houghton Samuel Henshaw, Esq. Major Joseph Badcock 1781 Major Joseph Badcock Ralph Houghton David Rawson, Esq. There were nineteen town meetings in 1778. 230 HISTORY t 1782 Edward H. Robbins, Esq. 1788-85 Dea. Josiah How Edward H. Robbins 1786 Seth Sumner, Esq. Thomas Crane, Esq. Josiah Hayden Esq. Joseph Yose, Esq. 1787 Seth Sumner, Esq. Dr. Amos Holbrook Josiah Badcock, Esq. Capt. William Badcock 1788 Seth Sumner, Esq. Hon James Warren Thomas Crane, Esq. 1789 Capt. Wm. Badcock Seth Sumner 1790 Jeremiah Smith Boies Seth Sumner Mr John Swift Major Joseph Badcock 1791 Capt. Wm. Badcock Seth Sumner Thomas Crane, Esq. Edward II. Robbins 1792 Edward H. Robbins, Esq. Seth Sumner Capt. William Badcock 1793 Capt. W m . Badcock Col. Seth Sumner J. Smith Boies 1794 Edward II. Robbins, Esq. Col. Sumner Capt. W m . Badcock 1795 Edward H. Robbins, Esq. Mr. Asaph Churchill 1796 Edward H. Robbins, Esq. 1797 Edward II. Robbins Esq. Mr. John Swift Capt. William Badcock 1798 Seth Sumner Esq. Edward H. Robbins 1799 Edward H. Robbins Esq. Mr. James Foord 1800-1 Edward II. Robbins Esq. 1802 Capt. William Badcock Dr. Samuel K. Glover 1803 Capt. W m . Badcock Edward H. Robbins 1804 Mr. Henry M. Lisle Hon. Edward II. Robbins Dea. David Tucker 1805 Capt. Rufus Pierce Capt. W m . Badcock Dea. David Tucker 1806 Dea. David Tucker Henry M. Lisle Esq. 1807 Hon Edward H. Robbins Dea. David Tucker 1808 Hon Edward H. Robbins MILTON. 1808 Joseph Badcock John Ruggles Jr. Joseph Bent 1809 Major Joseph Bent Hon E. H. Robbins Col. Seth Sumner Jason Houghton 1810 Maj. Joseph Bent Hon. Edward H. Robbins Capt. William Pierce 1811 Mr. Oliver Houghton 1812 John Ruggles Jr. Dr. Samuel K. Glover 1813 John Ruggles Jr. Joseph Rowe Esq. Dr. Samuel K. Glover 1814 John Ruggles Jr. Maj. Joseph Bent Capt. Jazaniah Foord 1815 Hon Edward H. Robbins Capt. William Pierce 1816 Hon. E. H. Robbins Capt. Jazaniah Foord 1817 Hon. E. H. Robbins 1818-19-20 Hon. E. H. Robbins 1820 Maj. Jedediah Atherton 1821 Major Jedediah Atherton 1822-23 Deacon Jason Houghton Maj. Jedediah Atherton 1824 Hon. E. H. Robbins Dea. Jason Houghton 1825 Jason Houghton Esq. 1826-27 Jason Houghton Esq. Hon. E. H. Robbins 1828 Jason Houghton Esq. John Ruggles 1829 Jason Houghton Esq. Hon. E. H. Robbins 1830 Asaph Churchill Esq. Jason Houghton 1831 Asaph Churchill Esq. Alpheus T. French Jesse Tucker 1832-34 Asaph Churchill Esq. 1835 Asaph Churchill Esq. Jason Houghton 1836 John Ruggles Francis Davenport 1837-39 Hon. John Ruggles 1840 James M. Robbins David L. Cowell 1841 Thomas Hollis Hon. John Ruggles Jason Houghton 1842 George Thompson Hon. James M. Robbins 1843 George Thompson John Ruggles 1844 George Thompson PUBLIC OFFICERS. 281 1845 George Thompson John Buggies 1846 Jason F. Kennedy George Thompson Josiah Fairbank 1847 George Thompson Jason F. Kennedy 1848 Elijah Tucker George Thompson James M. Bobbins Bobert B. Forbes 1849 George Thompson Josiah Fairbank 1850 George Thompson Josiah Fairbank Josiah Babcock 1851 George Thompson Charles Breck 1852 Joseph McKean Churchill Samuel Babcock 1853 George Thompson Samuel Babcock 1854 Joseph M. Churchill Josiah Fairbank 1855 Joseph M. Churchill 1856 Joseph M. Churchill Samuel Babcock 1857 Joseph M. Churchill Elijah Tucker 1858 Joseph M. Churchill 1859 Joseph M. Churchill Edward L. Pierce 1860 Samuel Babcock 1861 Edward L. Pierce .Tames M. Bobbins 1862 Joseph M. Churchill 1863 Edward L. Pierce Samuel Babcock Joseph M. Churchill 1864 Joseph M. Churchill James M. Bobbins Daniel Warren 1865-68 Joseph M. Churchill 1869 Joseph M. Churchill Samuel Babcock 1870 Joseph M. Churchill 1871 Joseph M. Churchill Philarman Buggies 1872 Joseph M. Churchill Stillman L. Tucker 1873-76 Joseph M. Churchill 1 1877 Joseph M. Churchill Samuel Babcock 1878 Joseph M. Churchill 1879 Joseph M. Churchill Edwin I). Wadsworth 1880-85 Joseph M. Churchill 1886 Joseph M. Churchill Dr. John Littlefield 1887 Dr. John Littlefield SCHOOL COMMITTEE, 1827-1887. School Committee was chosen for the first time March 12, 1827 [or April 3, 1826]. Recorded List. 1827. Gen. Moses Whitney, Bev. Samuel Gile, Lemuel Babcock, Jr., John Buggies, Jason Houghton. 1828. Bev. Samuel Gile, Jason Houghton, Joseph Bowe, Esq. 1829. Bev. Samuel Gile, Nathaniel Tucker, Joseph Bowe, Esq. 1830. Bev. Samuel Gile, Nathan C. Martin, Jason Houghton. 1831. Bev. Samuel Gile, Isaac Gulliver, Thomas Snow. 1832. Bev. Samuel Gile, Charles B. Kennedy, Isaac Gulliver. 1833. Bev. Samuel Gile, Moses Whitney, Nathan C. Martin, Charles B. Ken¬ nedy, Joseph Bowe, Elijah Tucker. 1834. Bev. Samuel Gile, Nathan C. Martin, Charles K. Kennedy. 1835. Bev. Benjamin Huntoon, Asaph Churchill, Sr., Charles B. Kennedy. 1836. Bev. Benjamin Huntoon, Bev. Samuel Gile, Asaph Churchill, Jr. 1837. Bev. Benjamin Huntoon, Samuel Adams, Asaph Churchill, Jr., Ariel Work, F. W. Davenport. 1838. Bev. Samuel W. Cozzens, F. W. Davenport, Lewis Tucker, J. G. Belcher, David Kimball, Francis Skinner. 1 In March, 1873 , the town passed a vote of thanks to the Hon. Joseph M. Churchill for the able and impartial manner in which he has for so many years performed the duties of moderator. 232 HISTORY OF MILTON. 1839. Rev. S. W. Cozzens, Rev. Joseph Angier, Rev. Joseph Banfield, Hon. John Ruggles, Dea. Jason Houghton. 1840. Rev. S. W. Cozzens, Rev. Joseph Angier, Rev. Joseph Banfield, Jason F. Kennedy, Dana Tucker. 1841. Rev. S. W. Cozzens, Rev. Joseph Angier, Rev. Joseph Banfield, Dr. Simeon Palmer, Hon. J. M. Robbins. 1842. Rev. S. W. Cozzens, Rev. Joseph Angier, Rev. Joseph Banfield, Jere¬ miah Crehore, Octavius Rogers. 1843. Jason F. Kennedy, Charles Breck, Josiah Babcock, Jr., Jason Thayer, Rev. Joseph Angier. 1844. Rev. S. W. Cozzens, Rev. Joseph Angier, J. Babcock, Jr., J. F. Kennedy, Elijah Tucker. 1845. Rev. S. W. Cozzens, Rev. Edward Otheman, Charles Breck, Josiah Fair- bank, J. Babcock, Jr. 1846. Rev. S. W. Cozzens, Rev. Edward Otheman, S. Adams, R. M. Todd, J. Martin, L. Davenport, S. Cook. 1847. Rev. S. W. Cozzens, Rev. J. H. Morison, Rev. W. Harding, A. J. Moshier, S. Adams, L. Davenport, S. Cook. 1848. Rev. S. W. Cozzens, Rev. J. H. Morison, Jason Reed, Samuel Babcock, J. F. Kennedy, E. Tucker, Samuel Cook. 1849. Rev. S. W. Cozzens, Rev. J. H. Morison, Jason Reed, Samuel Babcock, Lewis Davenport, S. Palmer, P. Ruggles. 1850. Simeon Palmer, Jason Reed, Samuel Babcock, Philarman Ruggles, Lewis Davenport. 1851. Rev. Francis Cunningham, Jason Reed, O. T. Rogers, E. G. Tucker, George Hunt. 1852. Rev. J. H. Morison, Rev. A. K. Teele, E. G. Tucker, Geo. Hunt, C. Breck, Joshua Emerson, P. Ruggles. 1853. Rev. J. H. Morison, Rev. A. K. Teele, E. G. Tucker, Geo. Hunt, C. Breck, Joshua Emerson, P. Ruggles. 1854. Rev. J. H. Morison, Rev. A. K. Teele, Ebenezer G. Tucker, Amos Poole, John Sias, Aaron D. Vose. 1855. Rev. J. H. Morison, Rev. A. K. Teele, John Tucker, Josiah Webb, John Sias, John Gould, Amos Poole. 1856. Rev. A. K. Teele, George Vose, J. W. Vose, Josiah Fairbank, Josiah Webh, James Breck. 1857. Josiah Fairbank, James Breck, George Vose, D. G. Hicks, G. W. Clapp, H. M. Fosdick. 1858. Rev. A. K. Teele, Rev. J. H. Morison, George Vose, H. M. Fosdick, James Breck, L. B. Hanaford. 1859. James Breck, D. G. Hicks, Rev. A. K. Teele, Rev. J. H. Morison, George Vose, H. M. Fosdick. 1860. George Vose, Samuel Babcock, James Breck, D. G. Hicks, Albert K. Teele, John PI. Morison. 1861. Horace Chapin, J. R. Webster, George Vose, Samuel Babcock, David G. Hicks, J. L. Kennedy. 1862. D. G. Hicks, J. L. Kennedy, J. R. Webster, George Vose, Samuel Bab¬ cock, William Rogers. 1863. A. K. Teele, J. H. Morison, James M. Kennedy, Joseph R. Webster, W. H. Seavey, J. W. Vose. 1864. J. R. Webster, W. H. Seavey, A. K. Teele, J. H. Morison, J. W. Ken¬ nedy, William B. Foster. 1865. Jacob G. Pierce, W. B. Foster, J. R. Webster, W. H. Seavey, A. K. Teele, J. H. Morison. 1866. J. H. Morison, A. K. Teele, J. G. Pierce, W. S. Everett, S. Babcock, Jason Thayer. 1867. S. Babcock, J. Thayer, Henry S. Russell, Robert H. Buck, E. J. Ken¬ dall, W. S. Everett. 1868. Elijah Tucker, Edward J. Kendall, S. Babcock, J. Thayer, H. S. Russell, R. H. Buck. PUBLIC OFFICERS. 233 1869. T. Edwin Ruggles, E. Tucker, E. J. Kendall, S. Babcock, J. Thayer. 1870. S. Babcock, Jason Thayer, T. E. Buggies, H. E. Ware, E. Tucker, E. J. Kendall. 1871. Albert K. Teele, J. Walter Bradlee, S. Babcock, J. Thayer, T. E. Rug- gles, H. E. Ware. 1872. T. E. Ruggles, Rev. E. T. Washburn, Rev. A. K. Teele, J. Walter Bradlee, S. Babcock, J. Thayer. 1873. George A.’Eletcher, George Penniman, T. Edwin Ruggles, E. T. Wash¬ burn, A. Iv. Teele, J. Walter Bradlee. 1874. Rev. T. E. Clary, J. Walter Bradlee, G. A. Eletcher, G. Penniman, T. Edwin Ruggles, J. Houghton. 1875. J. Houghton, R. C. Watson, T. E. Clary, J. Walter Bradlee, G. A. Eletcher, G. Penniman. 1876. Edwin H. Wadsworth, Charles E. C. Breck, Jason Houghton, R. C. Wat¬ son, T. E. Clary, J. Walter Bradlee. 1877. J. Walter Bradlee, T. E. Clary, E. D. Wadsworth, C. E. C. Breck, J. Houghton, R. C. Watson. 1878. Rev. E. Erothingham, R. C. Watson, J. R. Webster, J. Walter Bradlee, T. E. Clary, J. Littlefield, W. E. C. Eustis, E. D. Wadsworth, C. E. C. Breck. 1879. E. D. Wadsworth, C. E. C. Breck, Jesse Bunton, Rev. E. Erothingham, R. C. Watson, J. Walter Bradlee, Rev. T. F. Clary, John Littlefield. 1880. Rev. A. K. Teele, Rev. E. Erothingham, E. I). Wadsworth, Henry F. Thayer, R. C. Watson, C. E. C. Breck, Jesse Bunton, J. Walter Bradlee. 1881. Rev. E. Frothingham, Rev. A. K. Teele, E. D. Wadsworth, Henry B. Martin, Henry E. Thayer, C. E. C. Breck. 1882. Miss Emma E. Ware, Miss Emma C. Emerson, E. Frothingham, A. K. Teele, Henry B. Martin, Henry F. Thayer. 1883. Rev. Calvin G. Hill, Rev. E. Frothingham, Miss Emma F. Ware, Miss Emma C. Emerson, Henry F. Thayer, Henry B. Martin. 1884. Rev. E. Frothingham, Henry B. Martin, Rev. C. G. Hill, Henry E. Thayer, Miss Emma E. Ware, Miss Emma C. Emerson. 1885. Miss Emma E. Ware, Miss Emma C. Emerson, Rev. F. Frothingham, Rev. C. G. Hill, Henry B. Martin, Henry E. Thayer. 1886. Rev. C. G. Hill, Miss Emma F. Ware, Miss Emma C. Emerson, Henry E. Thayer, Rev. E. Erothingham, Henry B. Martin. 1887. Rev. C. G. Hill, Miss Emma F. Ware, Miss Emma C. Emerson, Henry E. Thayer' Lyman Davenport. SENATORS FROM MILTON. No. 1 Hon. John Ruggles 1820-25 No. 2 Hon. James M. Robbins 1842 No. 3 Hon. Samuel Babcock 1864 No. 4 Hon. George Penniman 1868 No. 5 Hon. David W. Tucker 1881-82 REPRESENTATIVES TO THE GENERAL COURT, 1666-1887. 1666 Stephen Kinsley 1681 Robert Tucker 1668 Samuel Wadsworth 1682 Ralph Houghton 1669 Robert Tucker 1683 William Blake 1679 Robert Tucker 1690 William Blake 1680 William Blake 1691-1692 George Sumner 234 HISTORY OF MILTON. 1693-1694 1697 1698-1707 1708-1709 1710-1716 1717 1718-1724 1725-1726 1727 1728-1729 1730 1731 1732-1733 1734-1737 1738-1739 1740-1742 1743 1744 1745-1746 1747 1748-1749 1750-1751 1752 1753 1754-1756 1757-1758 1759-1764 1765 1766-1768 1769-1771 1772-1773 1774 1777 1778 1779 1779 j 1780 1781-1782 1783 1784-1785 1786 1787 1788-1789 1790-1791 1792-1802 Ebenezer Clap William Blake Thomas Vose George Sumner Ephraim Tucker John Wadsworth Ephraim Tucker John Wadsworth Jonathan Gulliver Ephraim Tucker Oxenhridge Thacher Ephraim Tucker John Wadsworth Jonathan Gulliver Nehemiah Clap Benjamin Sumner Samuel Miller Samuel Swift Samuel Miller Samuel Swift Samuel Miller Voted not to send Samuel Miller Joseph Bent Samuel Miller Jazaniah Tucker Andrew Belcher Stephen Miller Jazaniah Tucker Benjamin Wadsworth Josiah How f Stephen Miller t David Rawson f at Watertown \ Daniel Vose { Provincial Congress Capt David Rawson Capt Daniel Vose /Ebenezer Tucker /Joseph Clap Ebenezer Tucker Daniel Vose Seth Sumner { State Convention Edward H. Robbins Samuel Henshaw if Representatives to Concord Amariah Blake Allen Crocker Samuel Henshaw Edward H. Robbins Seth Sumner Edward H. Robbins Voted not to send Hon James Warren James Blake Seth Sumner Edward H. Robbins 1803-1809 1810 < 1811 J 1812 j David Tucker f William Pierce [.Asaph Churchill f William Pierce 1 Jacob Gill f Asaph Churchill L William Pierce 1813 Jacob Gill 1814 Samuel K. Glover 1815-1816 Jason Houghton 1817-1819 John Ruggles, Jr. 1820 Voted not to send ( Constitutional Convention 1820 j Barney Smith Jedediah Atherton 1821 Voted not to send 1822 Barney Smith 1823 j 'Barney Smith . William Pierc.e 1824 -j Barney Smith . William Pierce 1825 Voted not to send 1826-1828 Francis Davenport 1829 -j John Ruggles . John Swift 1830-1831 John Ruggles 1831 -j 1832 j ’ James Campbell . Thomas Hunt John Ruggles . Josiah Bent 1833 1834 | 1835 | 1836 | 1837 | 1838 | Voted not to send Jazaniah S. Foord Jason Houghton Moses Gragg Jason Houghton Edmund J. Baker Nathaniel Thomas Nathaniel Thomas James M. Robbins Nathaniel Thomas Ebenezer G. Tucker 1839-1840 Ebenezer G. Tucker 1841-1842 Charles Breck 1843 Thomas T. Wadsworth 1844 Voted not to send 1845 Simeon Emerson 1846 Voted not to send 1847 Jason Reed 1848 George W. Greene 1849-1850 Jason Reed 1851 Albert J. Moshier 1852 No choice 1853 Jason Reed , c „„ J Constitutional Convention 1 Joseph M. Churchill 1854 J. Wesley Martin 1855 Samuel Babcock 1856 Amos Poole CENSUS OF MILTON. 235 Eleventh Norfolk District. 1857 Joseph M. Churchill 1865-1866 George Yose 1858-1859 None 1867-1868 None 1860 James M. Robbins 1869 John Sias 1861 Samuel Cook 1870-1871 David W. Tucker 1862-1863 None 1872-1878 None 1864 George W. Greene 1874-1875 Edward L. Pierce Fourth Norfolk District. 1876-1877 None 1882 Henry B. Martin 1878-1879 Horace E. Ware 1883-1884 J. Walter Bradlee 1880-1881 None 1885-1886 None CENSUS OF MILTON. Year. No. of Inhabitants. Year. No. of Inhabitants. 1765 743 1850 . 2,241 1776 . 1,213 1855 . 2,656 1790 . 1.039 1860 . 2,669 1800 1,143 1865 . 2,770 1810 1,264 1870 . 2,683 1820 . 1,502 1875 . 2,738 1830 1,576 1880 . 3,206 1840 1,822 1885 . 3,555 So great was the draft on the men and resources of Milton during the long and perilous war of the Revolution that the loss in population was only recovered in thirty-five years. The cost of war, with the depreciation in the currency, reduced the people to the most straitened circumstances. In August, September, and October of 1780 one dollar in specie was equal to seventy- one and seventy-two dollars in Continental money. Hyde Park was incorporated April 22,1868, taking from Mil- ton about four hundred acres of land and one hundred and fifty of the inhabitants, — leaving the census of 1870 less than that of 1865. The annual increase of the town for one hundred years, 1776- 1875, inclusive, according to the census, is 15^-. The greatest relative increase in population is from 1875 to 1880, which period records an increase of 468, or 98 per annum. The in¬ crease from 1875 to 1885 is 81^ per annum. 236 HISTORY OF MILTON. CHAPTER IX. MINISTERS OF MILTON. T HE inhabitants of Unquity held religious services among themselves many years before the incorporation of the town of Milton. Stephen Kinsley, a resident of Braintree, who in 1653 was ordained as ruling elder of the Braintree church, removed to Unquity at an early date, and instituted religious worship in the east part of the town in connection with some of the inhabitants of Braintree. The services may have been con¬ ducted by himself, or by some clergyman of whom there is no mention in our records. There is no doubt that meetings were held in Unquity, and also that there was a meeting-house, or what served as a meeting-house and was so called, fifteen years, at least, before the house was erected on the Robert Yose land. It may also be inferred, from some points in the Dorchester records, that this meeting-house was in the easterly part of the town, on Adams street, near Churchill’s lane. (See chapter on Highways and By-ways.) Dec. 11, 1657. The question being moued vpon the foi’mer vote, whether our brethren and neighbours at Ynquitie should pay ore not p’por- tionable to the one hundred pond to the ministry —in regarde they had a minister ther, therevpon it was voted the same time as followeth. That those aboue the riuer of Naponsett (except M ris Glouers farme and M ris fens farme) are exempted for payinge vnto M r Mather for this yeare if they Desire it. —Fourth Report of Record Commissioners, p. 89. REV. JOSEPH EMERSON. The first regularly licensed clergyman officiating in Milton, of whom we have any account, was Rev. Joseph Emerson. He was here in troublous times, commencing his work in 1666 or 166T. Extreme poverty prevailed. Great difficulty existed in the currency. The whole town, with the help of that part of Braintree lying nearest our borders, could with difficulty raise <£53 per year,—his stipulated salary. At first he seems to have “ boarded around,” as school-teachers used to do, passing a week in a family. At length he married the daughter of Rev. Edward Bulkley, of Concord, and commenced “ keep- MINISTERS OF MILTON. 237 ing house,” and receiving his pay in the various commodities of the farms, with only occasional instalments of money. This led to embarrassments and misunderstandings. His position became uncomfortable; he received a call to settle at Mendon, and removed from Milton in 1669. The first mention of Mr. Emerson in our town records is as follows: — At a day of humiliation on the third day of Feb. 1668 when the Town met to speake how the Lord did bow their hearts concerning Mr. Emer¬ son’s settlement: after reading the writing of revered and honored men who met in Boston the 19 th of the 12 th mo. 1667, they did declare them¬ selves unsatisfied with Mr. Emerson and did send 3 men, namely, Anthony Gulliver, Samuel Wadsworth and William Daniel to acquaint Mr. Emerson with the mind of the people, and also to tell Mr. Emerson that they were willing to pay him for a quarter of a year, whether he did preach or not. In March, 1669, Robert Badcock made an acknowledgment before the Church in Dorchester for taking up and divulging reports against Rev. Mr. Emerson. — Dor. Records. We are not able to decide definitely when Mr. Emerson came to Milton. He was here in 1667 and 1668, and left after August, 1669. KEY. MR. WISWALL. In Feb. 1669 a committee was sent to Sandwich to treat with Rev. Mr. Wiswall to be helpful with us in the ministry, offering him £60 per year and the use of house and lands and liberty to cut wood for his own use. We do not know that Mr. Wiswall was prevailed upon to accept the invitation, but we have evidence that the committee waited upon him, as in the treasurer’s account there appears a charge of twelve shillings each for Robert Badcock and Samuel Wadsworth “for going to treat with Mr. Wiswall.” REV. MR. BOUSE. At a town meeting the 19th of July, 1670,, it was agreed by vote that Mr. Bouse should be desired to be helpful to us in the ministry by way of trial. Mr. Bouse evidently came to Milton for one Sabbath, if no more. Goodman Daniel, who kept a tavern at his place on Milton Hill, had a charge against the town of Milton, 1670, “for bread and wine for Mr. Bouse 0. 1. 6.” REY. THOMAS MIGHILL. On the 23d of December, 1670, Mr. John Gill and Thomas Swift were requested “ to go to Dedham as soon as they should 238 HISTORY OF MILTON. hear that Mr. Mighill was come from the East, and see to get him to preach the next Sabbath after.” They succeeded in securing him. He preached on the 8th of January, 1671, and remained until the end of April. His services were retained still longer. Sept. 22d, 1671, it was voted by the Town inhabitants, their full and free desire of the settlement of Mr. Mighill among them, and Elder Kinsley, Robert Yose, Anthony Gulliver and Robert Badcock were desired to acquaint Mr. Mighill what the Town’s desire was. Mr. Mighill remained as minister of the town until Feb., 1678, but without regular settlement. He was a graduate of Harvard College in 1663. It appears that his labors here were arduous and faithful. The meeting-house on the Yose lot was built during his ministry, after long and persistent effort. “ Twenty-two cords of wood were cut and sold to pay for clothes for the minister.” There was, however, a division of feeling among the citizens with regard to Mr. Mighill. A portion of the town did not harmonize with the movement in his favor, and engaged in worship in a separate company; but the great majority earnestly desired his settlement, and petitioned the General Court to assist them in securing this end. The petition, 1 which is found in the State Archives, is here i To the honored Counsell sitting in Boston. The humble petition of Generali of the inhabitants of Milton. Humbly sheweth that whereas we have been under the various changes of God’s Providence towards us in respect of those that have been by God’s Providence employed amongst us in the ministry in their removal from us. We have for four years past enjoyed Mr. Thomas Mighill in that work; in which time he has been desired by our Town several times to continue with us in order to a settle¬ ment which doth appear in our Town Records, by which we consider the Town standing obliged to inform whatsoever they have promised him. And concerning Mr. Mighill in special he continued with us in the time of our greatest danger in respect to the warr, which was a great comfort to us that we had the worship of God enjoyed amongst us on the Sabbath day; also he took great pains with instructing and catechising our children, both publicly and privately and praying with them; but by unsettlement of the times and things with us, Mr. Mighill having removed his family by reason of the trouble, so being in some doubt we should lose him, the Town made a new address to him, to continue with us in order to settlement; whereupon he brought his family again into the Town looking at the manifestation of the love of the people judging that he had a call of God so to do; but notwithstanding the Town’s obligation on their part and Mr. Mighill’s acceptance on his part, we consider that he is more likely to be removed from us, than to settle among us. Inasmuch as there are several of our neighbors that are about to carry on Church work in our Town, in which work Mr. Mighill is left out, and we consider the reason is not in him. How if Mr. Mighill is reipoved from us on this account we consider it will be a dishonor to God and will bring us under the dearth of promise, and also be a means of continual division amongst us. By consideration whereof we humbly crave your honors to afford us your advice and assistance herein. Which we hope will conduce to the glory of God and our comfort. Dated, Milton, April ist, 1678 . MINISTERS OF MILTON. 239 subjoined, to show the earnestness of religions feeling among the early residents. It will be noticed, by a reference to tbe signatures to the petition, that only those on the west side of Balster’s Brook, which in those days was the dividing line of the town, appear us favorable to Mr. Mighill. Mr. Mighill, though urged to remain permanently, accepted a settlement at Scituate, and removed from Milton. [Thacher’s Journal] “ Oct. 15, 1684, Mr. Mighill was ordained at Scituate.” REV. SAMUEL MM. In the spring of 1676, Rev. Samuel Man, driven from his parish in Wrentham, by the Indian war, came to Milton, and, in 1678, took the position made vacant by the removal of Mr. Mighill. Mr. Man was born in Cambridge, July 6, 1647. He graduated ^t Harvard College, 1665. He married Esther, daughter of Robert Ware, May 13, 1673. Died at Wrentham, May 22, 1719, in the 72d year of his age, and 49th of his min¬ istry. He taught school in Dedham five years. In 1670 he removed to that part of Dedham now Wrentham, where he preached until March 30, 1676, when the inhabitants were obliged to withdraw, and desert their homes by reason of King Philip’s war. All the families left town. The record says: “ Rev. Mr. Man went to Milton, where he stayed over four years.” His son Nathaniel was born in Mil- ton, April 9, 1677, and his son William, May 1, 1679. While at Milton he had an invitation, Nov. 16, 1677, “to be helpful in the ministry at Rehoboth.” Rev. Joseph Bean’s “ Century Sermon,” preached at Wren¬ tham, Oct. 15, 1773, says: — After the war was over, the inhabitants returned, and chose a com¬ mittee to go to Milton and ask Mr. Man to return to Wrentham. He was then preaching at Milton, or already had a call to preach there, or Milton people were about to give him a call. He resumed his duties at Wrentham Aug. 21, 1680, and soon This petition was presented to the Council by Thomas Vose and John Kinsley, April ist, 1678 . Signed, — Robert Vose, Robert Badcock, Henry Crane, William Daniell, John Kinsley, Thomas Vose, John Daniell, Teague Crehore, Samuel Badcock, Daniell lien- sher, Benjamin Badcock, Edward Vose, Jonathan Badcock, Steven Langley, Humphrey Tifinay, John Walliston, Walter Morey, Ephraim Newton, William Denison, Robert Redman, Nathaniel Pitcher, Samuel Pitcher, John Pitcher, John Henry, Richard Smith, Thomas Horton. 240 HISTORY OF MILTON. removed his family there. In 1692 he was ordained and in¬ stalled pastor of the church in Wrentham, preaching his own ordination sermon, from 1 Cor., chap. 4. Chief Justice Sewall visited him Sept. 16, 1697, and said he had eleven children. All of his eleven children were married. Just before he died he called his family around him and divided his property among them, giving to each his share, as had been designated in a will which he had written in 1718, but had never executed. The legacies of the dying father were regarded as satisfactory and sacred, and were carried out with all the exactness of a legally executed testamentary document. His brother Beriah Man was made administrator of his estate, which amounted to <£471 Is. lid. His funeral sermon was preached by Rev. Peter Thacher, of Milton, and was printed. The first mention of Mr. Thacher is the following entry in the Town Records: — At a Towne Meeting in Milton, Aug. 13, 1630, it was then desired that if any pssons in the Town had anything to aleadg why Mr. Peter Thacher might not be the minister of Milton, they had Ire leve to deelaire them¬ selves, and if that they did not then speak, it was to be taken for grant, that thcr was a willingness of the Town for his coming in. This was proposed 3 times, and ther was no man did oppose. ORIGIN OF THE THACHERS. The origin of the Thachers of New England was probably Queen Camel, Somersetshire, England. Rev. Peter Thacher, the supposed great-grandfather of the first pastor of Milton, was instituted vicar of the parish of Queen Camel in 1574, and continued in that office till his death, in 1624, — a period of fifty years. It is believed that he was the father of Rev. Peter of Milton Clevedon, of John of Queen Camel, and of Anthony, one of the three grantees of Yarmouth, Mass. Rev. Peter Thacher, the grandfather of Milton’s first pastor, was born in 1588; he entered Queen’s College, Oxford, May 6, 1603; took the degree of A.B. Feb. 4, 1608, and became Fellow of Corpus Christi College, March 20, 1613. August 9, 1616, he was instituted vicar of the parish of Milton Clevedon, Somer¬ setshire, and remained in that office till 1622, when he accepted the rectorship of the Church of St. Edmunds, in Salisbury, Wiltshire. MINISTERS OF MILTON. 241 His son Thomas, the father of the Milton Peter, was born May 1, 1620, while his father was vicar of Milton Clevedon, and this was doubtless the place of his birth. He arrived at Boston in the ship “Beero,” in company with his uncle, Anthony Thacher, minister at Marblehead, June 4, 1635, when he was fifteen years old. He was brought up and educated by Rev. Charles Chauncey, afterwards President of Harvard College. He married, first, May 11, 1643, Elizabeth, daughter of Rev. Ralph Partridge,’ minister of Duxbury. She died June 2, 1664. He was or¬ dained pastor of the church at Weymouth Jan. 2, 1664. He married, second, at Boston, Margaret, daughter of Henry Webb, and widow of Jacob Sheaffe, to which place he removed in 1677-78, where he issued from his own pen the first medical document ever published in America. This document can be found in the “Memorial History of Boston,” Vol. 4, p. 536. On removing to Boston, he united with the First Church. About this time, by reason of internal dissensions, twenty-eight members seceded from the First Church of Boston and organ¬ ized the Third Church. Mr. Thacher, wishing to join the seceders, and failing to. secure a letter of dismission to the new organization, was dismissed to the church in Charlestown, and from this church united with the Third Church, and on the 16th of Feb., 1670, was installed as pastor over the Third Church of Boston (called the Old South Church, after the budding of the New South, on Summer street, in 1717), where he remained until his decease, Oct. 15, 1678. He is spoken of by contemporary writers as. “ the best writer of his time.” His children were, Peter, born at Salem, Mass., July 18, 1651; Ralph; Thomas, died at Boston, April 2, 1686; Patience, married Wm. Kemp; Elizabeth, married, first, Nathaniel Daven¬ port, killed in the Narragansett fight, Dec. 19, 1675; she married, second, Samuel Davis. REV. PETER, THACHER, OF MILTON, was born at Salem, Mass., July 18, 1651, and graduated at Harvard, 1671. “June 15, 1674, he was chosen third fellow of the colledg.” Judge Sewall writes, July 1, 1674: — Sir Thacher Common placed. Justification was his head. He had a good solid piec. . . . stood above an hour & yet brake off before he came 0 * n J use - % reason that there was no warning given none, [after ye undergraduates] were present. Save M r Dan. Gookin S'., the President, & mvsp.iT 9 242 HISTORY OF MILTON. In 1676 he accompanied his classmates, Judge Samuel Sewall and John Danforth, to Europe, where he remained for a year or more pursuing and perfecting his studies in prepara¬ tion for his life-work, giving much attention to the science of medicine, in which he made eminent attainments, so that his opinion in critical cases was often sought for. After returning to America he preached for nearly a year at Barnstable, Mass., with great and general acceptance, gaining the confidence and affections of the church and community to such a degree that when called to Milton his people were unwilling to consent to his removal; Governor Hinckley and Barnabas Lothrop, in behalf of the church and town, joining in a petition to the Rev. Messrs. Allen, Mather, Torrey, and Willard to use their influence and persuasion in securing his continuance at Barnstable. 1 The journal of Mr. Thacher contains the following entries regarding his invitation to Milton and his removal from Barn¬ stable : — June 28, 1680. A committee of eight persons, among whom was Thomas Swift, came to request me to settle among them. In his reply to the call of the church, dated May 18, 1681, he says:— I was persuaded so far to comply withall, as to remove myself and my family to this place, y* so I might the more clearly discern, and faithfully follow divine guidance and direction in my future settlement amongst you, or remove from y ou , according as God should unite y e hearts of y e Chh. and Congregation unto me and mine, and ours unto y ou or otherwise dis¬ pose. REMOVAL TO MILTON. In September, 1680, he removed with his family to Milton. Sep. 10, 1680, we came safe to Milton that night with our goods, and Quarter Master Swift got them all into the house that night. We lodged at Mr. Swift’s, our whole family. This removal was attended with no little ostentation and parade. A delegation of ten members of the church of Milton went forward to Barnstable to hear home the coming pastor. He was escorted out of Barnstable and attended on his way as far as Sandwich by a cavalcade of fifty-seven horsemen; and so the triumphal march was made into the new field of labor. Mass. Hist. Coll., Fifth Series, Vol. 42 . MINISTERS OF MILTON. 243 [Thacher’s Journal.] Sep. S, 1680. This day, my dear, myself, Theo¬ dora and Lydia began our journey to Milton. Went from Mr. Allines, and had a great company of horse with us, seven and fifty horse and twelve of them double went with us to Sandwich, and they got me to go to prayer with them and I think none of them parted with me with dry eyes. On the 15th of October following the Milton call was re¬ newed. In the evening, Mr. Swift, Mr. Holman, and Brother Newton came as messengers of the Chh. to give me a call. After a residence among the people of nine months, this invi¬ tation was definitely accepted, May 18, 1681, and the services of the ordination were attended on the first day of June fol¬ lowing. [Thacher’s Journal.] May 20. This day the ordination beer was brewed. May 30. This day the gates were hung. They made an arbor to enter¬ tain the messengers of the Churches. June 1, 1681. Tuesday, I was ordained (though most unworthy) Pastor of the Chh. in Milton. My text 2 Tim. 4, 5. Mr. Mather called the votes. Old Mr. Elliot, Mr. Mather, Mr. Torrey, Mr. Willard laid on hands. We sung the 24 Psalm. I gave the blessing. They dined at my house in the arbor. Our narrative would lack completeness did we not here pre¬ sent the answer of Mr. Thacher to the call of the church and town for his settlement as their pastor, — a document showing the ponderous thought and language of the times. 1 iRev. Peter Thacher’s answer to the church and congregation in Milton, May 8, 1681: — “ Dearly Beloved in our Lord Jesus Christ, y e serious and solemn consideration of y e all-wise disposing and leading hand of Divine Providence both of yo'selves and of me, in respect of your first kind invitation of me unto y® work of y e ministry. “ In order unto settlement with you and taking office amongst you, by which find y e advice ofy e , y* most judicious and discerning, I was persuaded so far to comply with-all as to remove myself and my family to this place, y‘ so I might y e more clearly discern and faithfully follow divine guidance and direction in my future settlement amongst you or remove from you according as God shall unite y® hearts of y e Chh. and congregation unto me and mine and ours unto you or otherwise dispose, and God having in his infinite goodness given me much experience of your undeserved love, kindness and affection of y 6 Chh. and Congregation to me and mine, not only in your readiness to doe for me as occasion hath presented, but in your obliging gratitude promised, and in your unani¬ mous, frequent and affectionate calls unto settlement with you and office engagement amongst you, which unmerited and unexpected, th6 much desired unanimous affection hath, doth and (continuing) I hope will much engage, oblige and endear mine to your¬ selves. . “ Y c consideration of all these things, and many more which I might but shall not men¬ tion, calling aloud upon me for more y n ordinary preponderation, due consultation, fer¬ vent supplication, and speedy resolution with finall determination. I have diligently weighed, and preponderated, seriously consulted with others, earnestly and extraordi- 244 HISTORY OF MILTON. In accordance with the custom of the times, Mr. Thacher seems to have preached his own ordination sermon; text, 2 Tim. 4: 5. The journal continues : — June 5, 1681, first baptism. June 19, 1681, this day I administered the Lord’s Supper, which was the first time it was ever administered in Milton, and the first time I ever administered it. There were about four-score communicants. This announcement by Mr. Thacher, that a church of more than eighty members had not enjoyed the privilege and blessing of the sacrament of the Lord’s Supper until this date requires some explanation. Although the town had then been incor¬ porated nineteen years, there was no church organization until three years previous to the coming of Mr. Thacher. A new meeting-house was erected on the land donated by Robert Yose in 1672. Rev. Joseph Emerson preached in 1667-8, in the meeting-house on Milton Hill. Rev. Thomas Mighill succeeded Mr. Emerson and remained for eight years; during his ministry the new meeting-house was erected. After Mr. Mighill came Rev. Samuel Man, who immediately preceded Mr. Thacher. No one of these was regularly settled as pastor of the church, and there was no church to be settled over while these pioneer preachers were laboring with our fathers. Under the rigid views then prevailing the privileges of church ordinances narily supplicated, both publiq’ly, privately and secretly, divine guidance and conduct, and do therefore resolve and determine, (with submission to divine sovraignty and in entire dependence upon divine sufficiency for assistance and acceptance). “ Notwithstanding my deep unworthiness, of my great unfitness for, my too much back¬ wardness unto, and my great discouragements in the work of the ministry, not only in respect of y e great duty and difficulty of y e work in itself considered, but especially in y 8 place in respect of those lamentable animosityes and divisions which have been in y 5 place, which both occasioned your unsettlement untill now w ch y e Lord for his own name sake pardon, and prevent for v e future. “ I say notwithstanding y s , yet 1 resolve, and detei'mine to give myself up to y s work in y e ministry among yourselves (believing God calls me thereunto) on y a Conditions — “ i. So long you continue one amongst yourselves, and for me, all due means being used or tendred for hearing in case of difference. “ 2. So long as I may enjoy y e liberty of my judgment, according to Scripture rules. “ 3. So long as you shall subject yourselves and yours to y e Ordinances and officers of v e Chh. “4. So long as I may follow my studdys without distraction : and provide for myself and family according to y e rules of God’s word, so long as you shall give me scripture encouragements, &c. “ 1 shall endeavor to give myself up unto y e work of y e Lord, unto which God and 3 r ourselves are calling me, begging your prayers for me that I may come unto you in y e fulness of y e blessings of y e Gospell of peace, and y* all y* ministeriall assisting grace may be from time to time granted to me, whereby I may be helped thro my whole minis¬ teriall work unto God’s glory, to y e conversion, edification and eternal salvation of your soules, and unto my own peace, comfort and tranquility, and y® best good of my family w ■ the Lord grant for his own name’s sake, supplying all our needs according to y e riches of his glory by Christ unto whome be honour and glory in y e Chh. forever more. Amen.” MINISTERS OF MILTON. 245 were governed by the strictest rules, and our fathers and mothers must have enjoyed these privileges in connection with the church in Dorchester before the settlement of Mr. Thacher. MR. THACHER’S FAMILY. Nov. 21, 167T, Mr. Thacher married Theodora, daughter of Rev. John Oxenbridge; she died in Milton, Nov. 18, 1697, aged 38. He married again, 1699, Susannah Bailey, widow of Rev. John Bailey, first church in Boston. She died in 1724, aged 59. He married a third time, three months before his death, Elizabeth, widow of Joshua Gee, of Boston, a ship-builder; she was daughter of Judah Thacher, of Yarmouth, his second cousin. He had the following children: Theodora; Bathsheba, died in Barnstable; Oxenbridge, born May 17, 1681, died Oct. 29, 1772; Elizabeth, born March 6, 1683, died 1716; Mary, born March 15, 1685; Peter, born Oct. 1, 1688, died April 22, 1744; John; Thomas, born April 6, 1693, died Dec. 19, 1721; John second, son of Peter and Susannah, born March 23, 1701. Theodora married Lieut. Jonathan Gulliver, of Milton. Eliza¬ beth married Rev. S. Niles, of Braintree. She was buried in Braintree, and her grave is marked by a headstone still legible. Oxenbridge graduated at Harvard College, 1698; for several years he was selectman of Boston and representative to the General Court. He studied for the ministry, and for a time preached to the Indians at Ponkapog, but finally relinquished that profession and engaged in trade at Boston, where he lived for twenty-five years. After his father’s death he returned to Milton, took possession of the home of his childhood, on Thacher’s Plain, and lived there for the remainder of his life, honored and respected by his fellow-citizens, passing to his rest, Oct. 29,1772, at the advanced age of ninety-one years five months and twelve days. Peter Thacher, Jr., graduated at Harvard College in 1706. He married Mary, daughter of Rev. Thomas Prince, of the Old South Church, Boston; was ordained as pastor of the church in Middleborough, Nov. 2, 1709, and continued in that position for thirty-five years, until his death, April 22, 1744. A sketch of his life was published by Rev. Thomas Prince, his father-in- law. Thomas was connected in business with his brother Oxen¬ bridge, in Boston, as brazier. In his will, proved Nov. 26,1722, he says : — My loving brother Oxenbridge and sister Gulliver I think, have a suffi¬ ciency to carry them through. I have spent my time and strength in my brother’s service. 246 HISTORY OF MILTON. MR. THACHER’S NUMEROUS DUTIES. Rev. Peter Thacher, of Milton, was one of the leading divines of his time. He acquired a knowledge of the Indian language, and was appointed to preach to the Indians at Ponkapog once a month. At the same time, as the beloved physician, he at¬ tended them in sickness. His advice was sought not only in matters pertaining to the churches of the colony, but also by the magistrates in the gen¬ eral affairs of the government. It will be seen from his journal that he was frequently summoned to Bcston to advise with the clergymen and magistrates on questions of importance. Gradu¬ ating at Harvard, he became tutor there for a time, and also a fellow of the college. Cotton Mather says, in that funeral sermon, of which the following is the wonderful title : — The Comfortable Chambers open and visited upon the departure of that aged and faithful servant of God, Mr. Peter Thacher , the-never-to-be-for- gotten Pastor of Milton, who made his flight thither Dec. 17, 1727. He was thought worthy to be a Fellow of Harvard College, and an owner of the learning wherein we were instructed there. But what I re¬ member with a most abiding impression is, that besides his methods to recommend unto his pupils that early piety, whereof he had been himself a notable pattern, we admired his prayers in the College-Hall for the fluent, copious, expressive beauties of them, and the heavenly entries we per¬ ceived in them. His presence was in great demand in councils for ordina¬ tions by the churches, far and near. A charge, in his own handwriting, lies before me ; it is of great length, and only a portion of it is here introduced, as showing the spirit and character of the man. It is copied from the origi¬ nal manuscript, which bears upon it endorsements, by his own hand, of having been delivered at ordinations and installations in twelve separate churches, as follows: — The charge w° I gave M r Nathaniel Pitcher, Sept. 14, 1707. M r Dan- forth preached and M r Morton gave y e right hand of fellowship. M' Pitcher was ordained Pastor of y e North Chh in Scituate. M r Norton, M r Danforth, M r Little, M r Eels, and myself laid on hands. The charge w° I gave M' Peter Thacher, ordained at Waymouth, Nov. 26, 1707. M Whitman, M r Danforth, and I laid on hands. M' Hubait ordered y e votes. M 1 Fisk gave y e right hand of fellowship. [Son of Thomas, of Boston, and nephew of Peter, of Milton.] Son, P. T., ordained at Middleburrough, Nov. 2, 1709. M r Keith, M r Thacher, and myself laid on hands. I gave y* charge. M' Keith gave y e right hand of fellowship. Son Niles, ordained at South Braintree, May 23, 1711. I gave him his MINISTERS OF MILTON. 247 charge. M r John Danforth, M r Joseph Belcher, M r Peter Thacher of Waymouth, and myself laid on hands. Y 8 Rev. M r J. Danforth, gave y e right hand of fellowship. M r . Fisk ordained at Killingley, Oct. 1, 1715. I gave y e . charge. The charge given to y e Rev. M r Nathaniel Clap at Newport on Rode- Island, and a Chh was gathered y e same time Nov. 3, 1720. M r Benjamin Wadsworth prayed, M r Clapp preached, M r Samuel Danforth prayed after sermon, M r Belcher ordered y e votes. I gave y e charge. M r John Dan¬ forth gave y e right hand of fellowship, we all laid on hands. Nov. 9, 1720. M r John Mackinzine was ordained at Sutton. I gave y e charge, M r Swift ordered y e votes. M 1 Baxter gave y e right of fellow¬ ship. M r Dwite, M r Baxter, M r Swift and I laid on hands. For the settlement of M r Peter Thacher over y e new North Chh, Jan. 27, 1719, some made such a tumult that it could not be. M r Thomas Paine ordained at Waymouth Aug st 19, 1719. I gave y e charge. M r Whitman gave y 8 right hand of fellowship. M r Danforth ordered y e votes —we three laid on hands. Feb. 22. 1726. M r Jonathan Mills was ordained at Bellingham. I gave y 8 charge, M r Swift gave y e right hand of fellowship. Nov. 2, 1726. M r John Hancock was ordained at Braintree, North Pre¬ cinct, his father preached. I gave y 6 charge and ordered y 8 votes. M r Danforth gave y°. right hand of fellowship. Nov. 15, 1727. M r Samuel Dunbar was ordained at Stoughton. I gave y* charge, and M r Gee gave y 8 right hand of fellowship. M r Gee, M r Dexter and myself laid hands. INSTALLATION OF REV. PETER THACHER, NEW NORTH CHURCH. That portion of the charge for the installation of Peter Thacher, New North Church, Boston, is as follows: — Whereas, you upon whome we now impose hands have been solemnly ordained a minister of y 8 gospel, and a pastor of a Chh from w° you have been dismissed, nemine contradicenti, and are called unto the office of a Pastor in this particular Chh and have accepted that call, we are not to re- ordaine you —yet to fix you in this Chh as a Pastor. We do therefore, according to v e Institution of our Lord Jesus Christ, and in his name, charge you before God and our Lord Jesus Christ, who shall judge the quick and dead at his appearing, that you take the oversight of this flock committed to you by the Holy Ghost. That you preach the word in season and out of season, reprove, rebuke, exhort with all long-suffering and doctrine. That you administer the holy sacrament of the covenant of grace, baptism, and y e Lord’s Supper to the proper subjects thereof. That you exercise holy discipline according to the Divine rule. Tn a word we awfully charge you to look well to yourself, and to y e whole flock, over which y e Holy Ghost hath made you an overseer, as one that must give account of all their souls unto the great Shepherd of the sheep, at y 8 day of his appearing. This charge, and also a sermon for a Fast delivered in Milton, Feb. 20, 1706, are in the handwriting of Mr. Thacher. Text, 248 HISTORY OF MILTON. Ps. 102: 16. The original manuscripts are at the Congrega¬ tional Library, Beacon street, Boston. At the same library may be found a manuscript sermon, in the handwriting of Rev. Peter Thacher, of Middleboro’, son of Peter, of Milton, preached at Public Fast, Middleboro’, April 23, 1741. Text, Job 36: 21. Also a sermon delivered in Roxbury, 1st Precinct, June 15, 1749, and North Church, Boston, July 2, 1749, which, with scarcely a doubt, is in the handwriting of Rev. Peter Thacher, son of Thomas, of Boston. Text, Lev. 26: 18-20. CONVEYANCE OF LAND. Soon after the ordination the town voted to convey to Mr. Thacher twenty acres of the ministerial land. This was laid out Nov. 4, 1681. Nov. 4. Father Gulliver, Quartermaster Swift, Mr. Holman and I laid out my twenty acres of land: it runs up to the highway by Ezra Clapp’s land, that side is forty rods wide, and three score rods on the other side, butted with the river on the one end and with the highway on the other end. In the Records of the Town, page 77, it is thus described: — Lying next to the land of Ezra Clapp, being bounded on the north by the brook and so running on the east by the land of Ezra Clapp about 100 rods till it came to the highway leading to the town; the breadth of the land from the wall being about forty rods; and onthe west side in length being seventy rods till it comes to the point to the highway. In addition to this grant of the town, Mr. Thacher purchased of Sargeant Thomas Yose, Jan. 4, 1682, a tract of land, with a house and barn standing upon the same, containing twenty- three acres. This was bounded southerly by the brook, and extended along Thacher street, towards Mattapan. Jan. 4. 1682. Sargeant Vose came to see me, and we went to see his house and barn and land ; so we made a bargain ; he was to let me have 2J acres of land upon the brook, to the end of the little meadow, and so upon a square to Brother Ezra Clapp’s land, and the house and barn, and to secure me a way to it, and I was to give him £100, in money, to be paid in three years time, pay 6 in the hundred till it is paid. NEW HOUSE. Notwithstanding the possession of this house, purchased of Sargeant Yose, Mr. Thacher continued to live in the ministerial house till he had built a new one for himself. MINISTERS OF MILTON. 249 July 11, 1684. There was a Church-meeting at my house; I put them in mind of the promise to help me build, so they determined to speak with the Town about it. Nov. 19. I went to Brush Hill, and Deacon Allen was there, with whom I discoursed about the dimensions of my house, and he gave me his advice. Dec. 2, 1684. The Church met at my house about their promise to help me build, and after much discourse, they subscribed £6.5, in money, £4.15, country pay, and £5. in work. The house bought of Sargeant Vose may have been old and not suitable for occupancy, or not adapted to the position and family of the noted pastor; probably it was taken down, and the new house built on its site. There is abundant evidence to make it sure that the new house stood on the land purchased of Thomas Yose. REMOVAL TO HIS NEW HOUSE. On the 11th of November, 1689, Mr. Thacher removed from the ministerial house, of which he took possession Sept. 11, 1680, into his own house, where he continued to reside during life. Nov. 11, 1689. Myself, wife, children and family removed from Milton ministerial house to our own house, and God made me very earnest in prayer, that the guilt and filth of our old sins might not follow us to that new habitation, hut that God would pardon what we had done amiss, and keep our house with us, and dwell in our habitation. His family at this time consisted of his wife, Theodora; his children, Theodora, Oxenbridge, Elizabeth, and Peter (Bath- sheba died and was buried in Barnstable; Mary was still-born) ; also Lydia Chapin, a friend and helper, who long had been in the family, and three slaves, Ephraim, Obed, and Peg. This house in which he passed thirty-eight years of his event¬ ful life was situated on the north-west side of Pine Tree Brook, but a few rods from the brook, and about twenty rods west of Thacher street. thacher’s day. In the year 1806 the late Hon. James M. Bobbins, of Milton, then a school-boy at Milton Academy, boarded at the house of Col. Elijah Yose, who lived on Gun Hill road, near the house of Mr. Nathan Crossman, Jr.; in the same family Rev. Samuel Gile was entertained while preaching before his ordination. Here Mr. Robbins heard old Mrs. Fowler relate to Mr. Gile the story of Parson Thacher’s labors, which in after years he 250 HISTORY OF MILTON. reproduced in that graphic and truthful bit of history known as “ Thacher’s Day.” This was first printed in the “ Colum¬ bian Magazine,” many years ago. It has since appeared several times in local papers, with many alterations. As it shows the various duties expected and required of country clergymen at that early period, and to some extent in these times, and is the actual history of one day in the life of Milton’s first pastor, it claims a place in this record; and we give it in the language of Mr. Robbins: — TRIALS OF THE OLD-TIME COUNTRY PARSON. No one person to-day assumes to possess such a variety of knowledge as did the clergyman of the olden time. He then claimed to be a judge, a lawyer, a teacher, physician and mechanic, all rolled into one. He not only claimed this omniscience but “ he had his claim allowed.” He was expected to settle all the difficulties of the parish, to cure the sick, to heal the wounded. “ His house was known to all the vagrant train, He chid their wanderings, but relieved their pain.” There can be no better example of this generously endowed being than Rev. Peter Thacher, the first minister ever settled in Milton, Mass. On the occasion of the settlement of Rev. Mr. Gile over the same parish, many years later, he was sitting in the kitchen of his country boarding¬ house, anticipating with despondent mood the weighty duties of his min¬ isterial life. Old Mrs. Fowler, the mother of the landlady, sat knitting in the rocking-chair beside the huge fireplace, and a little boy was strug¬ gling with the hard lessons of his Latin Grammar, as he sat on the old- fashioned settle. Presently the old lady stopped her busy hands, raised her eyes to the desponding young minister, Mr. Gile, and sought to en¬ courage him by the following story, showing the multifarious capacities of one individual. The little boy long ago threw his school books aside, and repeats Mrs. Fowler’s story thus: — “Mr. Thacher was the first minister settled in Milton, Mass., in 1680. Like Goldsmith’s parson, — “ ‘ A man he was to all the country dear, And passing rich with forty pounds a year. Remote from town he ran his goodly race, Nor e’er had changed nor wished to change his place.’ “ He was the son of Rev. Thomas Thacher, settled for many years over the Old South Church in Boston. Mr. Thacher was graduated at Harvard College, was classmate and chum of Judge Sewall, and his most intimate friend through life. Immediately after his graduation he became tutor and then trustee of the college. After spending a year in Europe he entered upon his ministry at 29 years of age. He was at first a candidate for the pulpit at Barnstable, where he had many warm friends ; but, being strongly opposed by Gov. Hinckley, a very contentious individual, with whom it was impossible to be on peaceful terms, he accepted a call to the Milton pulpit. On the day of the departure of himself and family from Barn¬ stable, he was followed by a cavalcade of 57 horses as far as Sandwich. He remained in Milton all the rest of his life, dying after a pastorate of 46 years. He was in the habit of beginning the day by reading two or three MINISTERS OF MILTON. 251 chapters from the Greek Testament and attending to his horse and cow, — for he could hire no servant on his scanty salary of $350 a year, a third only of which was paid in money, the rest in labor and farm produce. In his diary are such entries as follows: ‘ Joshua Tucker gave me one day’s plowing;’ again, ‘James Yose sent me half a sheep.’ ‘Widow Willet gave me a peck of carrots, verily, the widow’s mite.’ On the Monday of which I speak, he entered his study after performing his various duties, charging Mrs. Thacher, as he left her, not to allow him to be in¬ terrupted unless from the most urgent necessity. He was obliged to write an ordination sermon, to be delivered the next day at Danvers, and he had but scant time to complete it. Soon after his entrance into the study a woman visited the kitchen, where Mrs. Thacher was busy, and begged to see the minister. She was told that Mr. Thacher could not be seen ; he was writing. ‘ But,’ said the woman, ‘ this is a very pressing ease. I must tell him of the quarrel between Mr. Rawson and Mr. Trescott, and Mr. Rawson declares he will go to Boston to get a lawyer to settle it. The trouble is that Trescott’s cows have broken into Rawson’s field and trampled down his corn, and Trescott only laughs in his face, and tells him to help himself if he can, and, to irritate him still more, the sons of Trescott hoot after him in the road. Rawson says he will bear it no longer, but make Trescott pay for it.’ Mrs. Thacher thought this so hard a case that she would take courage to open Mr. Thacher’s study-door to tell him of the hostile attitude of his two neighbors toward each other. Mr. Thacher looked up from his sermon, saying he had not time to attend to it then, but he was going to make a prayer at a house-raising in the after¬ noon, and he would call at Rawson’s on his way. He resumed the thread of his discourse when left to himself, and was growing very vehement over the sins of the Jews, when a man entered the kitchen in great ex¬ citement, and demanding to see Mr. Thacher His wife protested against interrupting him. ‘But,’ said the man, ‘this is a very serious case; Lem Gulliver’s cow is terrible sick. She is stretched on the ground and cannot be moved, and they are afraid she is dying. She is a good milker and a nice cow, and Mr. Thacher must go and cure her. The horse- doctor, Henshaw, is looking at her, but he cannot find out what the matter is.’ Mrs. Thacher thought this too momentous a case to be neglected; so she again opened the study-door to get advice from her husband. Mr. Thacher promised to visit the cow on his way to the house-raising, and again composed himself to his work. But he was soon interrupted a third time by his wife with a sad story of a man from Canton, who was hauling a load of potash kettles to Boston, and the heavy weight had broken his axle, and the poor fellow’s cart was stuck fast in the mud. The parson said the man must put his own shoulder to the wheel before he could obtain aid from him. He sent the man word that he could find a box of tools in the barn, and behind the house there was a young hickory tree. He could take the rule and measure the stick for another axle, and by the time the axle was ready he would be on hand to help him put the wheel on to it. Then Mr. Thacher continued his sermon in blissful peace till 12 o’clock, when he was called to dinner, after which he set out for the house-raising. On his way he called at Rawson’s, who showed him the hills of corn badly trampled down by Trescott’s cows. The minister crossed the road to beg Mr. Trescott to come out and look at the damaged cornfield of his neighbor. The sight of Mr. Thacher’s calm and kindly face softened the heart of Trescott, and he willingly went to look at the downtrodden corn. The parson asked Mr. Rawson what he would deem a fair compensation for the damage. After due deliberation it was decided that a pistareen — 20 cents — would make good his loss. Mr. Trescott 252 HISTORY OF MILTON. cheerfully returned to his house for his leather hag, and drawing forth the pistareen, — a good deal of money in those days, — gave it to Mr. Rawson. Then the disputants shook hands and became friends. “Mr. Thacher soon after reached the prostrate cow, 'where quite a crowd had assembled, but all were utterly powerless to help the poor creature. The crowd gave way for Mr. Thacher, who speedily saw that the cow might be fit for the beef-barrel, but would never walk again. He ordered a stout stick to be placed under the animal, to pry her up, and the fore leg of the cow was found to be broken. After ordering her to be killed, Mr. Thacher proceeded on his way to the house-raising. There he met a crowd in great consternation over the body of a man who had fallen from a cross-beam, and was lying insensible upon the ground. They feared the man was dead. Mr. Thacher took out his lancet and bled him, when he soon opened his eyes and gradually gained conscious¬ ness. When quiet was restored Mr. Thacher made a prayer, chatted and shook hands with the men, and mounted his horse to ride home. On his way back he saw Rawson waiting at his gate with a nice leg of bacon in his hand. He stopped the parson, and begged him to allow him to put the bacon in his saddle-bag in consideration of his kindness in settling his difficulty; ‘ for,’ said Rawson, 4 it would be very foolish for me to pay a Boston lawyer to help me quarrel with my neighbor.’ A few steps farther on he saw Trescott standing in the road. Said the parson to Trescott: 4 1 wish you would put a stone in my other saddle-bag to balance this leg of bacon.’ — 4 Oh, no,’ replied Trescott, 4 1 cannot put a stone into your bag when I have something much better to put there,’ — whereupon he produced a large cheese, saying, 4 Please take that for your kindness to me.’ Thus Mr. Thacher proceeded home with both saddle-bags full. When he reached his house he met his wife a few steps from the door. She was in saddened spirits over the arrival of the min¬ isters from Stoughton and Randolph. She said there was nothing for supper, and she was in despair. ‘Milk and eggs are all I have in the house,’ she gloomily said. 4 Oh, well,’ replied Mr. Thacher, 4 the eggs fried with this nice bacon will make an excellent supper — added to the milk and cheese.’ Mrs. Thacher entered the house with a light heart, and, after a good supper, the parson closeted himself to complete his sermon, but just as he got to his ninthly, the man who had made the new axle impatiently rapped at his door, saying that he was waiting for Mr. Thacher to help him mend his cart. The minister acknowledged that the various duties had driven the unfortunate cartman out of his mind, hastened to his assistance, got the cart on to the wheels and fckeered the man on his way to Boston with his load of kettles. Without further interruption the good man was enabled to proceed with his sei’mon up to its thirteenthly. The next day the three ministers cheerfully set out for Danvers, and the oi'dination sermon seemed all the richer and more flowing for its many obstacles. The minister was indeed one who was — “ 4 In his duty prompt at every call; He watch’d and wept, he pray’d and felt for all.’ ” 44 Francesca.” THE END OF HIS LONG MINISTRY. Mr. Thacher continued to meet all the requisitions of his office, and to perform the varied duties devolved upon him, even in the advanced period of life to which he was spared. MINISTERS OF MILTON. 253 On the tenth of the month which was the Sabbath, he preached both parts of the day, performed the domestic sacrifices with the repetition of the ser¬ mons in the evening. Upon which, finding himself weary, he said, “We read in a certain place, ‘ The prayers of David are ended: ’ what if it should now be said, the prayers of Peter are ended! ” It fell out accordingly. On the day following, a lever seized him, and the next Sabbath ended with him in his everlasting rest. 1 Recovering out of a short cloud upon the clear use of reason he called for his domestics, and for a staff to lean upon. So sitting up, he blessed each of them and made a most pathetic and audible prayer with them and for them. And then lying down his last words were the words of a conqueror and more than a conqueror, “ I am going to Christ in glory.” Thus his purified spirit flew away to the chambers of a Redeemer waiting to be gracious. 2 FUNERAL. Judge Samuel Sewall gives the following account of the funeral of Mr. Thacher: — Lord’s Day Dec. 17, 1727. I was surprised to hear Mr. Thacher of Mil- ton, my old friend, prayedfor as dangerously sick, next day I was informed by Mr. Gerrish that my dear friend died last night, which I doubt bodes ill to Milton and the Province, his dying at this time, though in the seventy- 1 Mather. 2 The following obituary notice, written by a Milton citizen, appeared in the “ Boston Weekly Journal,” Dec. 23, 1727 : — “ About midnight after the last Lord’s Day deceased here the Rev. Peter Thachei', M.A., the first settled minister of this church and town, in the forty-seventh year of his pastorate, and seventy-seventh of his age. He was a son of the Rev. Mr. Thomas Thacher, the first pastor of t he South Church in Boston. His mother was daughter to the Rev. Mr. Ralph Patridge, of Duxbury. He was born at Salem in 1651. Was a pious, prayerful youth, and in his early days he met with a very great deliverance. Falling down before the open fiood-gate of a water-mill a going, he was drawn into the sluice and carried thro’ between the pads of the wheel, without being hurt. “ He took his first degree at Cambridge in 1671, and we suppose his 2d in 1674, being in the same classes with the present Honorable Judge Sewall. After which he was chosen and for some years served as a fellow and tutor at the College. “ As for his character. — He was a person of eminent sanctity, of a most courteous and complaisant behavior; cheerful, affable, humble and free of speech to the meanest he met with. He had a great deal of vivacity in his natural genius : which, being tempered with grace and wisdom, appeared very engaging both in his common converse and public per¬ formances. “ In his ordinary conversation there was a vein of piety, agreeably mingled with enter¬ taining turns and passages, an air of freedom and cheerfulness, that made it very easy and pleasant in every company. “ He was a very Evangelical preacher, delighted in commending Christ to his hearers, and was always earnestly endeavouring to win us over to admire and love him. He was a zealous asserter of the purity and liberty of our Evangelical churches. He accounted that only to be pure religion which is purely scriptural. And in no other form of church order could he see the liberty of the people preserved as in that of his country. “ He was greatly concerned for this noble interest, the chief design of our excellent fathers hither: tho’ he was full of Catholic pity and charity lor those of other opinions, and he was much improved in Ecclesiastical councils. “ It was his constant prayer that he might not outlive his usefulness; and God was pleased very graciously to hear him, his vigour and intellectural abilities remaining fresh to the last. The Lord’s day before he died he preached both parts of the day; and in the after¬ noon from Luke 14: 22. ‘ Lord, it is done as thou hast commanded, and yet there is room.’ And he was never known to be more enlarged, fervent, lively and affectionate than in this his farewell to his dear people. “ On the Monday he was seized with a fainting. He was thirty-six hours a dying, tho’ without much pain; and his last words were, ‘ I am going to Christ in glory.’ ” 254 HISTORY OF MILTON. seventh year of his age. Dens revertat omen l This day after the fast, he was interred. Bearers.—Rev. Nehemiah Walker, Mr. Joseph Baxter, Mr. John Swift, Mr Samuel Hunt, Mr. Joseph Sewell, Mr. Thomas Prince. I was inclined before, and having a pair of gloves sent me, I determined to go to the funeral if the weather proved favorable, which it did, and I hired Blake’s coach with four horses. My son, Mr. Cooper and Mr. Prince went with me, — refreshed them with meat and drink, got thither at half past one. I rode in my coach to the burying-place, not being able to get nearer by reason of the many horses. Mr. Walter prayed before the corpse was carried out. Had gloves and ring given me. Mr. Miller of the Church of England was there. At this funeral I heard of the death of my good friend, Capt. Nat. Niles. I have now been at the funerals of four of my classmates. WORKS. 1. Artillery Election Sermon, 1695. 2. Unbelief Detected and Condemned, etc., 1708. 3. The Al-sufficient Physician, preached before His Excel¬ lency, the Governor, the Honorable Council, and Representatives of the Massachusetts Bay, May 30,1711, from the text Isa. 57: 18. 4. Christ’s Forgiveness of True Christians, 1712. 5. Perpetual Covenant, a sermon to young men, 1713. 6. Funeral Sermon on the Rev. Samuel Man, Wrentham, 1720. 7. A Divine Riddle, 1722. 8. Sermon at the Anniversary Convention of Ministers met in Boston, May 27, 1724. THE TAYLOR FAMILY. Thomas Taylor was born in Wales, where he was long settled as a clergyman. His son Richard came to New England, engaged in trade at Boston, and died there in 1673. At his decease he bequeathed legacies to the Old Brick and Old South churches. By his wife Mary he had one son, John, born the 2d and baptized the 6th of February, 1647. John married Ann Winslow, grand-daughter of Edward Hutchinson, and daughter of Edward Winslow. He died at Jamaica. She died in Milton, 1773, aged 95 years. In 1769, when she was in the ninety-second year of her age, she related the following historical facts respecting her family to her grandson, Winslow Taylor, son of William Taylor and Faith (Winslow), which have been copied verbatim from his own manuscript by Elizabeth Cheever Taylor Robbins, of West Medway, and kindly furnished for insertion here. 1 i Memorials of my progenitors, taken by Winslow Taylor, as related by my grand¬ mother, Madam Ann Winslow, September, 1769. MINISTERS OF MILTON. 255 Ann Winslow was born the 7th of August, and was baptized the 8th of December, 1578. This was the year before Mary Chilton Winslow died, and fifty-eight. years after the landing at Plymouth. Elizabeth Hutchinson, Ann’js mother, was born in 1689. She was forty years contemporary with Mary Chilton, was her daughter-in-law for several years, and had the best opportunity to learn the truth of this statement. The testimony of Ann seems, therefore, sufficient to place it beyond question. REV. JOHN TAYLOR. Rev. John Taylor, son of John and Ann (Winslow), born 1704, graduated at Harvard College 1721, being the classmate of Chief-Justice Stephen Sewall, as Peter Thacher was class¬ mate of Chief-Justice Samuel Sewall fifty years before. He died at Milton, Jan. 26, 1749. Mary Chilton was the first European female that landed on the North American shore. She came over with her father and mother and other adventurers to this new settlement. One thing worthy of notice is that her curiosity was so great of being the first on the shore, that she was prompted like a young heroine to leap from the boat and wade ashore. John Winslow, another early adventurer, married the said Mary Chilton, from whom have descended a numerous ancl respectable posterity. My grandmother, now living and who affords me these memoirs, is their last surviving grand-child, in the ninety-second year of her age. Edward Winslow remained in England. His sons who came over to New England were Edward, John, Kenelin, Gilbert, and Josiah. Edward Winslow, the son of John and Mary, was my grandmother Ann’s father. The maiden name of my grandmother’s grandmother was Catherine Hanly, of Old England. She died in New England. My grandmother’s grandfather was Edward Hutchinson. He was killed by the Indians at Brookfield Aug. 2, 1675. My great grandmother Winslow, the wife of Edward Winslow, was Elizabeth Hutch¬ inson. She died, aged 89. Edward Winslow’s first wife was Mary Hilton, by whom were John, Sarah and Mary. Edward Winslow’s second wife was Elizabeth Hutchinson, by whom were Edward, Catherine, Susannah, Elizabeth, and Ann. Thomas Taylor was born in the middle of Wales. He was a minister there. Richard, his son, came over to New England and died here. He left no other child than John Taylor, my grandfather. Mr. Richard Taylor having sustained a good character through life, was lamented in death. He bequeathed two handsome legacies to the Old Brick and the Old South churches in Boston. John Taylor, my grandfather, the son of the said Richard, died at Jamaica. My grandfather, John Taylor, married my grandmother, Ann Winslow, the youngest daughter of Edward, by whom was John Taylor, afterwards minister at Milton. He died in Milton, aged 45 years, lamented as a gentleman, scholar and Christian. Elizabeth, William (my father), Rebecca and Nancy were born in Jamaica. Kenelin Winslow, one of the first adventurers, brother of Edward and John, had Nathaniel, and Nathaniel had Kenelin (my grandfather). He married Abigail Water¬ man, by whom were Sarah, Abigail, Nathaniel, Faith, Kenelin and Joseph. My grandmother Taylor, whose maiden name was Ann Winslow, after the death of her first husband, married Kenelin Winslow the son of Nathaniel. William Taylor (my father), the son of John and Ann, married Faith, my mother, the daughter of Kenelin and Abigail, by whom was William, John, Abigail, Elizabeth, Winslow, Joseph and Joshua. He, William, afterwards married the widow of Abijah Savage, whose maiden name was Sarah Cheever, the daughter of Elizabeth Cheever, of Charlestown, by whom he had only William and Thomas; the latter was born in Milton, Sep. 1st, 1768. [Copied by Elizabeth Cheever Taylor Robbins.] 256 HISTORY OF MILTON. He married, first, April 9, 1730, Elizabeth, daughter of Rev. Nathaniel Rogers, of Portsmouth. N.H., by whom he had John, born June 15, 1781; Ann, born July 16, 1732; Nathaniel, born March 4, 1733; and William, born April 8, 1735. She died in 1735. He married a second time, Dorothy (Sherburne) (Rymes) (Rogers), widow of his first wife’s brother; she survived her husband, and -married a fourth time, Hon. Peter Gilman, of Exeter, N.H. His children by his second wife were Dorothy and Ann Sher¬ burne, also Edward Sherburne, baptized July 23, 1747. His daughter Ann married Nicholas Gilman, of Exeter, N.H., in 1752, and became the mother of the Hon. John Taylor Gil¬ man, for many years the worthy and patriotic governor of New Hampshire, and the ancestor of a long line of descendants, hon¬ ored and distinguished in the annals of our neighboring State and of our country. He was ordained pastor of the church in Milton Nov. 13, 1728. Rev. Thomas Foxcroft, of Boston, preached the sermon. The controversy respecting the location of a new meeting¬ house, which had for years disturbed the church and town, had terminated. A new church edifice had been erected on Canton avenue, in front of the present Unitarian Church. Its size was fifty feet by forty, and twenty-eight feet high, with a belfry, in which the town voted to place “ a bel ” weighing three and one half cwt. “ grose.” The town voted that Mr. Taylor have the first choice of a place to build a pew for the ministry in the new meeting-house, and that his pew be built by the town. Here Mr. Taylor commenced his ministry of twenty-one years. The following sketch of his character is from Dr. Chauncy, his classmate and intimate friend : —- He and I were playmates when little boys, went to school together, were classmates at college, and all along till his death in close friendship and acquaintance with each other. He was an agreeable companion, and a friend that might be depended upon. His diffidence of himself and moderation of temper restrained him from preaching much from home, and produced in him a settled determina¬ tion that nothing of his should appear in the world. Upon his dying, he left his papers with me, with a positive charge that I should take the first opportunity after his death to commit them to the flames; which I did. He had a clear head, and his sentiments and expressions were rather soft and persuasive, than strong and nervous. Few men were more uni¬ versally loved while they lived, and lamented when dead. MINISTERS OF MILTON 257 Rev. Thomas Thacher speaks of him “ as remarkable for his high rank in the republic of letters, for his uniform virtues, and elegant social manners.” He entered upon his work here at the age of twenty-five and died at the age of forty-six, filling the pastoral office for twenty- one years. The following touching entry is found in the records of the church: — The Rev. Mr. John Taylor, after above twenty years of eminent service in the ministerial office in the town of Milton, died on the twenty-sixth of January, 1750. Blessed and foi'ever happy are they which die in the Lord, as well as those who die for the Lord. During his ministry he came into possession of a tract of land near the meeting-house, either by purchase, or, as some suppose, to clear up arrearages of salary, and erected a house, which stood where our Town Hall now stands; here he lived and died. This house was occupied by descendants of his family until it was burned, Sept. 22, 1864. A portion of the land is now the property of the town of Milton, embracing the site of the Town Hall and other buildings of the town. The remaining portion of the land is owned by the following individuals, and is occupied by their residences, — Rev. Calvin G. Hill, Mr. Joseph O. Osgood, Rev. William P. Tilden, Mr. George T. Tilden, and Dr. John Littlefield. REV. NATHANIEL ROBBINS. Nathaniel Robbins was the second of the seven sons of Thomas Robbins, of West Cambridge, where he was born April 17,1726. Here he passed his youth and fitted for college. He graduated at Harvard in the class of 1747, and completed his theological studies at Cambridge, under the direction of Rev. Samuel Cooke of his native parish. On the 13th of February, 1751, Nathaniel Robbins, in the twenty-fourth year of his age, was ordained pastor of the Milton church, and died among the people of his first and only charge, May 19, 1795, aged sixty-nine years, after a pastorate of forty- five years. Rev. Thomas Thacher thus characterizes his preaching: — He refused to call any man master, or to sacrifice truth to prevailing opinions, however conducive to popularity, to consideration and conse¬ quence. Such candor and liberal sentiments were the more deserving of 258 HISTORY OF MILTON. praise, since in the first periods of his ministry such a spirit and temper were not common. His stability preserved this church from those divisions and separations arising from the fumes of enthusiasm and a fanatic spirit which in those days too much prevailed and ruined some of the most respectable Christian societies of the land. His manner of preaching was plain and pathetic; he appeared to have a dislike to a florid style, to false ornaments, and to affectations of literature. In 1752 lie purchased of the heirs of Anthony Gulliver the estate on Canton avenue, now owned by Col. H. S. Russell, and soon after built the house now standing near the street; here he lived and carried on his great and good work through the tumultuous period of the Revolution. Wisdom character¬ ized his actions. His words soothed the despondencies and troubles, and allayed the passions, of the times; his counsel settled differences of policy and feeling. A settlement of <£1,000, old tenor, equal to -$500, and an annual salary of £500 or $250, with twenty-five cords of wood per annum, were voted him by the town. His dwelling was the abode of patriotism, hospitality, kind¬ ness, and Christian charity. Residing on a much-frequented country road, over which passed all the travel between Taun¬ ton and the intervening towns and Boston, his house was the resort of many from neighboring towns seeking advice and encouragement. The warm-hearted pastor of Milton welcomed all, and sent them away with a benediction. In 1775 he married Elizabeth, daughter of Edward Hutch¬ inson of Boston, brother of Gov. Thomas Hutchinson’s father. Her father for many years was Judge of Probate for Suffolk County, and Treasurer of Harvard College from 1726 until his death in 1752. Mr. Robbins had two sons and one daughter. The daughter died August 31, 1786, unmarried, at the age of twenty-seven years. His youngest son, Nathaniel Johnson, was a graduate of Harvard College in 1784, and died May 7,1799, aged thirty-three. The wife of Mr. Robbins died May 2, 1793, aged sixty-two. Edward Hutchinson Robbins, his eldest son, was a lawyer of much eminence. He was born at Milton, at the minister’s house, on Canton avenue, February 19, 1758; graduated at Har¬ vard in 1775, when eighteen years of age ; lived in Milton through a long life of active service in the town and in the Commonwealth, and died December 29, 1829. A record of his life-work is given under “ Lawyers of Milton.” Rev. Mr. Robbins was eminently faithful in meeting all pastoral duties. He acquainted himself with the condition of MINISTERS OF MILTON. 259 his people; became interested in all their interests, temporal and spiritual. The sick found in him a ministering spirit, the afflicted a comforter, the poor a ready and sympathizing helper. His house was the home of his parishioners, and there they loved to gather. The following incident shows the happy relation existing between the pastor and the youth of his charge; it is copied from the original manuscript without change : — Econimy & Industry hath so impressed the minds of the Country Young Ladies that it hath not only become the Fashion to Cl oath themselves in their own Manufactory, but they are Ambitious that their Ministers should set the Laudable Example. For that Purpose there was a Specimen of which Elegantly displayed on May the 18 th 1769. At the Rev. Mr. Nathaniel Robbins in Milton, where there was a Number assembled befour the Sun had shed around its Radiant Beams & at 7 oclock there was Seventy five Wheels agoing & in all Eighty Three; they spent the day chearful & diligent, and retired from their de¬ lightful Employment as the Sun retired from the Horizon, very decent & pretty, and what was Spun and presented made Four hundred & Sixty Skains Excluding Tow. About half of them Spun their Yarn at the Rate of 140 Knots to the pound which was done incomparably well as Sixty Weight of the Flax was of Mr. Robbins own Raising. But what gave a Luster to their Brilliant appearance was to see so many Pretty Misses chiefly equiped in the Attire of their own make, which made them cut a most Beautiful Figure, and to View their Dexterity and the ex¬ act Order in which their Wheels were ranged made a grand Show and a very gay Appearance, which even charmed the Spectators and merited from them large Enconiums, and their Noble Performances entitled them to Singular Honours in which every one expressed his highest satisfaction. Such Industrious Females are a public Benefit and ought to he Encour¬ aged since in a great Measure it depends upon the Frugality of the fair Sex to save a decaying state, which by due Encouragement in a little time will be a Rival of any of the European Spinners. Such fair Damsels cant but merit Applause, Which are so zealous in so good a cause, From every Gentleman that doth desire, That his Country might live and not expire, Which are so ready and willing to do, To save a Sinking state and the Young men too. So much chear the Heart in this day of Distress, To see their Industry and Sprightfulness. How pleasing to hear, but more so to see, How the Daughters & Sons of Freedom agree. 1 1 About this time associations under the title of “ Sons of Liberty ” were formed all over the country, to oppose the unjust and arbitrary measures of the British government. They included both sexes. The members denied themselves the use of all foreign articles of clothing; carding, spinning, and weaving became the daily employment of women of fashion; sheep were forbidden to be used as food, lest there should not be found a suffi¬ cient supply of wool. To be dressed in a suit of homespun was a sure passport to popular favor. 260 HISTORY OF MILTON. Mr. Robbins was appointed by the town of Milton to attend the convention which adopted the Federal Constitution, 1788. He was an active and ardent worker in the Revolutionary struggle. Two of his brothers were in Capt. Parker’s Com¬ pany at Lexington, on the 19th of April. In the later years of his ministry the present Unitarian meet¬ ing-house was built. At a town meeting, Oct. 3, 1785, it was voted to build a new meeting-house, sixty-six by fifty-two. The house was completed three years after the first action of the town, and was dedicated Jan. 1, 1788, costing $5,600. For this important occasion Mr. Robbins was presented with a new horse-hair wig and a black gown. The house stood lengthwise toward Canton avenue, the front facing southerly. At a later period it was placed in its present position, and otherwise improved. Thus the meeting-house has an antiquity of one hundred years. In the new church Mr. Robbins passed the last eight years of his life, departing to his rest on the 19th of May, 1795. “ Like as a shock of corn cometh in his season.” 1 Mr. Robbins preached every Sabbath in Jan. Feb. and March, and also on a day of Thanksgiving, Feb. 19 th . The last time he preached was April 2, 1795, on a Fast Day, his text was Ps. 51, 17 — “ The sacrifices of God are a broken spirit a broken and con¬ trite heart, O God. thou wilt not despise.” After this Fast day there was no meeting for three Sabbaths. April 26 th . Mr. Cotton preached. May 3 rd . Mr. Thomas Thacher of Dedham. May 10 th . Mr. Withington. On Tuesday the 19 th . of May, Mr. Robbins died. The funeral was from the meeting-house. Mr. Jackson made a prayer. Mr. Haven of Dedham preached from Rev. 14: 15 : — And I heard a voice from Heaven saying unto me — write Blessed are the dead which die in the Lord from henceforth, Yea, saith the Spirit, that they may rest from their labors, and their works do follow them. Mr. Thomas Thacher made the closing prayer. On the following Sabbath, May 24, Mr. Thacher of Dedham preached from John, 14: & 11: 35. This sermon was printed and can be found in a volume of Milton Documents in our Public Library. REV. JOSEPH McKEAY. After the lapse of two years and six months Mr. Joseph McKean, of Boston, was ordained, Nov. 1, 1797. Several clergy¬ men had been heard as candidates, among whom was the Rev. Dr. Pierce, afterwards the revered and honored pastor at Brook¬ line for half a century. So great was the attachment to Dr. 1 Hannah Vose’s Diary. MINISTERS OF MILTON 261 Pierce that the church extended to him an unanimous call for settlement; but the parish refused to conform, it is said, for political reasons. Mr. McKean was born in Ipswich, in the eventful year of 1776. His father soon after moved to Boston, where Josepd entered the public schools. At the age of eleven he was placeh with Dr. Pemberton at Andover, who prepared him for college. He entered Harvard College in 1790, where he took high rank as a scholar, particularly in mathematics, and graduated in 1794. He engaged for three years as teacher in Berwick and Ipswich academies, at the same time pursuing study, with the ministry in view, under Dr. Joseph Dana, of Ipswich, and Dr. John Elliot, of Boston. He was licensed by the Boston Asso¬ ciation, and soon after was invited to supply the Milton pulpit, made vacant by the death of Mr. Robbins. The natural brightness of his character, blended with a bold and impassioned eloquence, drew around him many friends and admirers. He was solicited to become pastor of the Milton church, and, after long hesitation and many fears, he was pre¬ vailed upon to accept. He assumed the charge of this church before he had reached the age of twenty-two years. 1 Rev. Mr. Elliot of Boston preached the ordination sermon from the text, 2 Peter i. 5: “ To virtue, knowledge.” Dr. Peter Thacher, of Brattle-street Church, Boston, and Rev. Thomas Thacher, of Dedham, were members of the ordaining council. The charge was given by Rev. Mr. Haven, of Dedham, and the right hand of fellowship by Rev. Thaddeus Mason Harris, of Dorchester. 1 Bill of Fare for the Ordination of Mr. Joseph McKean November the first 1797- D C. 60 lb. Tui-keyS.7 „ 50 36 lb. Geese ... . 3 — 48 lb. Fowls.6 — 36 lb. Ollemote Beef ..3 — 30 lb. Beacon.5 — 40 lb. Boast Beef.4 — 12 lb. Cheese.• • 2 — 30 lb Butter..6 — 28 lb Flower.1 „ 75 12 lb Baisins.• • 1 ,, 50 Bread.6 — Sider ..2 — D. C. 6 Doz Eggs ... 1 — 6 Gall 8 Bran v & W. I. Bum ... 12 — 10 Gall 8 Wi e.10 — 6 Doz n Lemmons.3 — Wood Coal & Candles.3 ,, 50 H Bush 1 Apples.1 ,, 50 Milk, Bose water Spices Sweet Hei'bs Celery & Oil.5 ,, 25 Mustard Vegetables Pipes & To¬ bacco .2 ,, 50 Crockery, ware, Glasses, Knives & Foi-ks.S — Boards, Table making, Hay, and attending horses, . . .... .15 — M r .John Swift agi’eed to provide & cook the above Bill of Fare for One Hundred and Fifty Dollars 0n6. John Swift 1 Joseph Vose Daniel Briggs } Committee . Elijah Vose John Crehore June j 262 HISTORY OF MILTON. On the following Sabbath, in the morning, Mr. McKean preached from the text, Jer. i. 6 : “ Then said I, Ah! Lord God, behold, I cannot speak, for I am a child.” And in the afternoon on the text, Acts xx. 24. He entered upon his ministry under the most favorable auspices, and was beloved and honored by most of those to whom he ministered. But the times were troublous. Political lines were sharply drawn. Not unfrequently members of the same family were arrayed against each other in bitter opposi¬ tion. The youthful pastor was a pronounced and decided Federalist; 1 2 he was positive in his views and sharp in his rebuke of all who opposed him. He was full of wit and merriment, and yet utterly fearless in asserting and maintaining wdiat seemed to him right and just; while at the same time a dis¬ cerning and cultivated understanding in a measure chastened the passions with which nature had fired him. As a consequence some of his hearers of opposite opinions became impatient and restive under his pointed preaching. Thus the young man, naturally of a delicate physical organiza¬ tion, overborne by vexatious cares and prostrated by exhaustive labors, was forced to seek relief by a temporary absence. April 7, 1803, we find the following record: — A fast to-day, no meeting, Mr. McKean is so unwell. During the winters of 1803-4 he visited Savannah, Ga., and passed six months in that salubrious climate, preaching during his absence on one occasion only, “ which gave great satisfaction to the people.” Returning from the South to his Milton parish in the summer of 1804, still feeble, he resumed his duties here, and again attempted to meet the requisition made upon him as pastor. .The result was entire prostration. He was compelled to relinquish his charge, and after a ministry of about seven years he was dismissed, Sept. 30, 1804. 2 July 15, and Aug. 12, Mr. McKean preached in Milton. Aug. 26 he prayed at Sacrament. Sept. 30, Mr. McKean preached from Num. 6. 24, a farewell sermon. Oct. 13, 1804. A day of fasting and prayer on account of separation of Mr. McKean from the church. 1 It is said that Dr. McKean wore a black Federal cockade on his hat, and when he entered his pulpit was careful to place his hat in sight with the cockade turned toward the congregation. The Democrats ih the choir induced Elisha Field, who seldom attended church, to put his hat, with a white cockade on it, over the clock in front of the gallery. Of course this political opposition in the church attracted attention. On one occasion the Federal chorister reached over and knocked the Democrat’s hat to the floor, when a Fed¬ eralist below kicked it out of doors. 2 Hannah Vose’s Diary. MINISTERS OF MILTON. 263 Dr. Lothrop of Boston, preached from 1 Thes. 5. 8-13. Dr. Elliot and Rev. Mr. Chickering, of West Dedham, prayed. PARSONAGE. In 1798 a parsonage was built on Canton avenue, opposite the Amory place, now owned by Col. H. S. Russell, and here Mr. McKean lived during bis ministry. Dr. Gile took possession of the parsonage when he moved to Milton, and finally purchased it of the parish. After the de¬ cease of Mrs. Gile it was sold by the heirs of Lewis Tucker, who married Mary P. Gile, to Col. B. S. Rotch, in whose possession the estate still remains. The house was three stories high, finished on the outside in stucco. It was taken down by Mr. Rotch in 1878. The cellar still remains, marking the residence of two of Milton’s pastors. DR. MCKEAN’S FAMILY. Mr. McKean married Amy Swasey, of Ipswich, in 1799, and left three sons,—Joseph William, Henry Swasey, and John George. They all graduated at Harvard College, and were young men of uncommon promise and ability. They died in early manhood. One of his daughters married Joseph E. Worcester, LL.D., and another, Charles Folsom, of Cambridge. CHURCH RECORDS. Mr. McKean gathered up the scattered fragments of Milton Church Records, and rescued them from oblivion. But for him they would have been irrevocably lost. With him commenced the first systematic entries of the doings of the church, and from his day, with some exceptions, the records have been fairly kept. SUBSEQUENT LIFE. After leaving Milton Mr. McKean passed a year at the West Indies, where his health was greatly improved. He returned and engaged in teaching in Boston, and also represented Bos¬ ton in the Legislature for two sessions. He declined an appointment as Professor of Mathematics at Harvard College, and also a call to succeed Dr. West as pastor of Hollis-street Church, Boston. Invited a second time by Har- 264 HISTORY OF MILTON. yard to a professorship, doubtless more congenial with his inclinations, he accepted, and was inaugurated as the successor of Hon. John Quincy Adams, in the department of Oratory, in the fall of 1809. He was honored with the degrees of LL.D., conferred upon him by Princeton College, and of D.D., by Alleghany College of Pennsylvania. His career at Harvard was brief, but bright and glorious; warned by failing health, he determined upon a visit to Ha¬ vana, but immediately on his arrival there “ he was seized with a general debility, accompanied by alarming symptoms, from which he not even obtained temporary relief. He was kindly invited to the house of Mr. Samuel Curson, formerly of Boston, from whose family he received those affectionate and unremitted attentions which were calculated to soothe and com¬ fort his last hours.” He died at Havana in 1818, at the early age of forty-two years. 1 Rev. N. L. Frothingham, in a funeral sermon, at Boston, April 19,1818, gives the following estimate of his character: — Dr. McKean was distinguished by a quickness, an ardour and intense¬ ness of feeling, which combined, as it was, with the greatest delicacy of perception, an uncommon sweetness of temper, and a tender heart, made him eminently useful in everything to which his attention was directed, and to his friends rendered him inexpressibly dear. That bis was a soul of fire is sufficiently understood even by those who know him but by fame ; but none except such as were familiar with him can appreciate those mild and kind qualities of his which tempered the bolder, keener constituents of his decisive character. He lies in a strange land. The last rites of respect and kindness were offered at his sick-bed and his tomb by the hands of those on whom he had only the common claims of humanity. God reward them for all the affectionate sympathy and ceaseless care with which they endeavored to supply the place of the absent ones who were nearest to his heart, and smoothe his descent to the narrow house. 1 By the grave of Dr. McKean stands a monumental stone bearing the following in¬ scription : — Beliquiae hie repostae sunt Joseph McKeax V.D.M. S.T.D. et L.L.D. Bhet, et Orat. Professoris in Universitate Harvardiana Cantabrigiae Nov. Anglorum iEtatis 42 Alieni! Parcite huie lapidi sacro! Cineres honorate Viri celeberrimi, optimi carissimi. MINISTERS OF MILTON. 265 WORKS. Dr. McKean 1 published six sermons; Memoir of Rev. John Eliot, S. T. D; addition to Wood’s Continuation of Dr. Gold¬ smith’s “ History of England.” REV. SAMUEL GILE. After a vacancy of two years and four months, Rev. Samuel Gile, of Plaistow, N.H., was ordained, Feb. 18, 1807. Rev. Mr. Kendall preached from Rev. ii. 10: “ Be thou faithful unto death and I will give you a crown of life.” Rev. Mr. Wads¬ worth, of Danvers, gave the charge, and Rev. Mr. Bates, of Ded¬ ham, the right hand of fellowship. Mr. Gile’s first sermons on the Sabbath after ordination were on the text, John xxi. 16. Mr. Gile was born^n Plaistow, July 23, 1780; graduated at Dartmouth College, 1804, and married Mary Henley White, 1 The following lines written at the time of his death have been found among the papers of one of his old Milton admirers : — ON THE DEATH OF PROF. M C KEAN. Oh, mourn not for the good who die, " For goodness has a home on high; And tears which fall when saints depart Refresh religious soil, the heart. Oh, weep not that the staff is gone Which aged Israel rested on. Oh, weep not that he sleeps afar, — The world is one wide Machpelah. Oh, weep not that his body must Be trodden down like common dust. But weep that there remain behind Iso traces of the mighty mind. How few who lived have dared to think, How few who think have dared to do ! Oh, weep, then, that a soul should sink Who boldly thought and acted too. How seldom rays that reach the earth Bear impress of their heavenly birth; Then who from sorrow can refrain That Heaven absorbs such rays again ? How few created minds have soared Above the height before explored! How few will reach the height he dared, Oh, weep then that he was not spared ! Go, mark the comet’s bright career, And trace it’s track when it is gone, Say when another will appear And you may bid us cease to mourn. 266 HISTORY OF MILTON. daughter of Isaac White, Esq., Salem. He was the second son of Major Ezekiel Grile, of Plaistow, an officer of good reputation for bravery in the Revolutionary war. Ezekiel Gile was born in Plaistow, and his father was a descendant of Samuel Gile, one of the ninety-one grantees of the town of Newbury, Mass., and one of the company who, with Rev. Mr. Ward, settled the town of Haverhill in 1640. “ Old Master Gile,” once known in Essex County as a veteran school-teacher, a large, portly gentleman, the terror of all the * urchins in the region, was an older bfother of Dr. Gile. Like his brother, Dr. Gile was possessed of stately propor¬ tions, and by his courtly manners and dignified presence in¬ spired attention and respect. He was distinguished for his appropriate, perspicuous, and affectionate exhibition of divine truth. He applied the gospel to the daily duties and minute concerns of life. He was gifted with peculiar power, richness, and fervor in prayer, bearing his congregation from earth to heaven, into the very presence of the all-seeing, all-gracious God. He was prudent and pacific, and thus was able for twenty-seven years to hold in check and control the agitations threatening the church and town. CONTROVERSIES. Two years after the settlement of Mr. Gile the controversy between Rev. John Codman and the Second Church in Dor¬ chester commenced, and resulted, after a long and grievous strife, in the separation of disaffected members from the church and pastor. Eleven years later the First Church in Dedham experienced a similar conflict. The elements of controversy and the leaven of change were working in many towns of our Commonwealth. As early as 1818 the question of doctrinal belief began to be agitated in the town of Milton. July 4, 1828, the First Uni¬ tarian Society was formed; it withdrew from the First Church and parish of Milton, and met in the Academy building, under the ministration of Rev. Charles C. Sewall. It consisted of members of the old parish who were not edified by Mr. Gile’s preaching, and were dissatisfied with the stand he took on the question of ministerial exchanges. After a time this move was deemed unwise by those who had engaged in it, and the First Unitarian Society was dissolved. The members who had with¬ drawn resumed their membership in the old parish, and pro¬ ceeded to assert and defend their rights as the majority. From year to year the struggle continued, and finally resulted 266 STOR daughter of of Major Eze for bravery ii Plaistow, an< of the ninety one of the c town of Haver “ Old Masl school-teache * urchins in th* Like his b tions, and by spired attenti He was di: affectionate e to the daily d with peculiar congregation the all-seeing and thus was control the ag Two years i between Rev. Chester comm strife, in the s< and pastor. Eleven year a similar confl of change wen As early as 1 agitated in th tarian Society and parish of . the ministratic members of th preaching, and question of mu deemed unwise Unitarian Soci< drawn resume* ceeded to asser From year to t j OJV. ; the sec crood re j grantees of the town of \ pany who, with Rev. Mr. W 11 in 1640. Grile,’’once known in Essex ( •large, portly gentleman, the sgion, was an older brother ot tier. Dr. Gile was possessed o s courtly manners and digni; and respect. iguished for his appropriate, ibition of divine truth. He a| es and minute cone ness, ana fervor ♦to heaven, into - the chui uel (rile, one v. Mass., and . -ettled the . as a veteran ot of all the • in- *spel fled r his e of CONTROVERSIES. :er the settlement of Mr. Gile the controversy ohn Codman and the Second Church in Dor- ced. and resulted, after a long and grievous Lira lion of disaffected members l'ro n the church later the First Church in Dedham experienced The elements of controversy and the leaven working in many towns of our < ommonwealth. 18 the question of doctrinal belief began to be town of Milton. July 4, 1828,1: •• st Uni- as formed: it withdrew from the / o Church ilton, and met in the Academy tiulibuig, under of Rev. Charles'-C. Somali. Ii ’ ; •* ■! of old parish who were not edified 1 ; Mr. Gile’s pere dissatisfied with; the stand iic o- *:> on the sterial exchanges. After a time this move was by those who had engaged in it, and the First v was dissolved. The members who had with- their membership in the old parish, and pro- year struggle continued, anu finally resuueu MINISTERS OF MILTON. 267 in the dissolution of the pastoral relation between the parish and Dr. Gile, on the 20th of January, 1834. At this time all the members of the church, with the excep¬ tion of one lady, and a respectable minority of the parish fol¬ lowed the pastor to another place of worship. On the following Sabbath, Jan. 26, Rev. Mr. Sewall, of Med- field, preached in the church, and Dr. Cogswell, of Dedham, preached at the parsonage of Dr. Gile, where, also, services were held on the next Sabbath. Afterwards they removed to the Stone Church, East Milton. NEW MEETING-HOUSE. Steps were soon taken for the erecting of a new place of wor¬ ship in the central part of the town. Several acres of land east of the old church were donated by Nathaniel Tucker, and by the persistent efforts of the homeless flock, encouraged by the generous help of sympathizing friends, the meeting-house which now stands east of the old church was erected and dedicated free of debt. DEATH OF Dfi. GILE. Dr. Gile continued as pastor of the church now styled “ The First Evangelical Church,” in the new and pleasant house of worship to the completion of which he had so largely contrib¬ uted by his wise and persevering efforts, till the day of his death, Sunday, Oct. 16, 1836. In the morning of that day he was assisted by the Rev. Samuel Bumsted, who preached from the text, John xiv. 2: “In my Father’s house there are many mansions.” Dr. Gile participated in the service, offering prayer and reading the Scriptures, apparently in perfect strength and health. During the interval of worship he was stricken with apoplexy, and before the hour of the afternoon service his life was ended. Henceforth we have to record the progress of the two churches ranged side by side, and exerting their influence in the same community. RESULTS OF DIVISION. After much controversy, and many fruitless attempts at a division of the ministerial lands and church property, the whole passed into the possession of the parish, on the grounds that, in law, a church is a nonentity, and has no power to hold property. 268 HISTORY OF MILTON. This position was fortified by the decision of the Supreme Court in the case of the Dedham church, where the protesting two-thirds of the church members seceded and demanded the church property. It was laid down in this decision : — That a church separating from a parish for any cause, lost its existence ; that never in Massachusetts had a church a legal existence apart from a parish. The law knew of parishes as corporations, and deacons as corporations, and ministers as corporations; but the church proper was no corporation or quasi corporation, and could not, therefore, hold property apart from the parish, whatever its faith. As is natural in such a case more or less ill feeling prevailed, and the lines of separation were sharply drawn. This, however, gradually passed away. In 1850 there was scarcely a remnant of this feeling manifest. The pastors of the churches were friends and brothers, and for forty years have labored together in the common field of duty with the utmost harmony and cordiality, each in his own way, but never in conflict one with the other. This kindly fraternal feeling increases with every passing year; so that if the scenes of fifty years ago were to be reenacted to-day, governed by the prevailing sentiment of the day, there would be no difference in judgment or feeling regarding the financial interest that then divided and perplexed the com¬ munity. REV. BENJAMIN HUNTOON. Rev. Benjamin Huntoon received a unanimous call, and was installed pastor of the First Congregational Church and Society, Oct. 15, 1834. Introductory prayer and reading of the Scriptures, Rev. George Putnam, of Roxbury. Prayer of installation by Rev. Peter Whitney, of Quincy. Sermon by Rev. Thaddeus Mason Harris, D.D., of Dor¬ chester. Charge by Rev. John Pierpont, of Boston. Right hand of fellowship by Rev. Francis Cunningham, of Dorchester. Address to the people by Rev. Henry Ware, Jr., D.D., of Cambridge. Concluding prayer by Rev. John White, of West Dedham. One of the first acts after the induction of the pastor was the formation and announcement of a church. The creed to which the signatures of the members are affixed is recorded on blank leaves attached to a copy of the New Testament belonging to the church. MINISTERS OF MILTON. 269 Dec. 6, 1835. The old church, having been turned around and thoroughly repaired, was reopened and dedicated to the service of Almighty God. Rev. William P. Lunt, of Quincy, and Rev. Orestes Brownson, of Canton, assisted Mr. Huntoon in the services. The pastorate of Mr. Huntoon continued only for the short term of two years and eight months, when he was dismissed June 20, 1837, at his own request, to accept a call from the church in Cincinnati. Mr. Huntoon went from Milton to Cincinnati, Rev. Ephraim Peabody from Cincinnati to New Bedford, and Rev. Joseph Angier from New Bedford to Milton. Mr. Huntoon died in Canton, April 19, 1864. REV. JOSEPH ANGIER received a unanimous call to become pastor of this church, Aug. 7, 1837, and was installed Sept. 13, 1837. Rev. Caleb Stetson, of Medford, preached the installation sermon. Mr. Angier remained with the church for eight years. He was a man of rare qualities of heart and mind, genial, sympathizing, full of kindly feeling, and possessed of a high degree of culture. His pulpit services were fervent and attractive, characterized by a graceful and vigorous utterance, at times rising into fervid eloquence. He possessed a latent power drawn out by rare and special exigencies and occasions. In a company of townsmen, who were discussing the abilities of the clergymen in the two churches, the opinion was advanced that Mr. C. would surpass Mr. A. on special occasions. “Never,” was the reply, “if Mr. A. knows it.” Mr. Angier’s connection with the society was dissolved, June 22, 1845, at his own request, and against the wishes of the people. He was succeeded by the REY. JOHN H. MORISON, who was installed Jan. 18, 1846, and whose long and useful pastorate remained unbroken for nearly forty years. After the continuous and faithful labor in the church and in the town of nearly twenty-five years, a part of which was passed in feeble health, he was relieved by the kindness of the church in associating with him, March 2, 1871, 270 HISTORY OF MILTON. REV. FRANCIS T. WASHBURNE, a young man of excellent abilities and noble aspirations. His career was a short one ; scarcely had he begun the work ere the Master called him. He died in office, Dec. 29, 1873. REV. FREDERICK FROTHTNGHAM was installed as associate pastor, Oct. 8, 1876. He is still laboring in this vineyard, where the Master has placed him. In 1886 Dr. Morison resigned his position as senior pastor, and on the 23d of June Roderick Stebbins was ordained as junior pastor with Rev. Frederick Frothingham. Rev. T. C. Williams preached the sermon; Rev. Horatio Stebbins, D.D., father of the pastor elect, gave the charge, and Rev. Mr. Froth¬ ingham the right hand of fellowship. Henceforth the field is to be occupied by this united pastorate. May the reward of the faithful laborers be theirs ! FIRST EVANGELICAL CHURCH. At the death of Dr. Gile a call was extended to Rev. Samuel W. Cozzens, then pastor of the church in Marblehead, to become pastor of this church. Mr. Cozzens was installed, May 24, 1837; he built the house now owned by Mr. G. S. Cushing. When he left Milton it was sold to Mr. Baldwin, March 25, 1848. He was a faithful and earnest laborer, and rich blessings descended upon the people during his ministry. The events of these latter years are fresh in the memory of the living, and need not be recorded in full on the historic page. Dr. Cozzens remained pastor of the church for ten years, and then, at his own request, was dismissed, May 2, 1847, and removed to other fields of labor. In the summer of 1874 he left his parish in Plymouth, Mass., for the rest of a few weeks, and came to Milton, where he was prostrated by sickness from which he never rallied. He remained here, in the hospitable home of relatives, until a few weeks before his death, which occurred Aug. 7, 1875, and finally was borne hither for sepulture, and now lies en¬ tombed in our cemetery, among the people of his first love. After a lapse of about three years, during which time Rev. J. P. Leslie and several other clergymen performed the duties of the office, a call was extended to MINISTERS OF MILTON. 271 REV. ALBERT K. TEELE. Mr. Teele came to Milton from his pastorate at Naugatuck, Conn., in May, 1850, and removed his family hither in Septem¬ ber following. He was installed on the 18th of December, 1850. Rev. Dr. Kirk, of Boston, preached the sermon. Rev. Dr. Baker gave the charge to the pastor. Rev. Dr. J. M. Means, the right hand of fellowship. Rev. Dr. R. S. Storrs, the charge to the people. Mr. Teele remained pastor of the church for twenty-five years, when he desired to be relieved of his duties, and preached his twenty-fifth anniversary sermon, Dec. 18, 1875. Rev. W. C. Reed, Rev. W. W. Parker, and other clergymen occupied the field until REV. CALVIN G. HILL, the present honored pastor, was installed, Feb. f>, 1882, with Mr. Teele as pastor emeritus. STONE CHURCH. The Stone Church at East Milton was built in 1826 by the Second Congregational (Unitarian) Society of Milton. It was subsequently occupied by several different denomina¬ tions. It was to this building that the First Evangelical Church repaired in 1834, after the separation from the old town church. The Methodists had possession of it for a time, Rev. Edward Otheman occupying the pulpit for two or three years. Afterward Rev. Mr. Withered preached there for a season; during his administration the Second Evangelical Church was formed. The Stone Church was a well-proportioned building, of grace¬ ful, solid architecture, and pleasing to the eye. It might have stood for a century, an ornament to the thriving village; but it was unused for a long period, during which time it was greatly neglected. The roof partially fell in; it stood a ruin for years, and was finally taken down. THE SECOND EVANGELICAL CHURCH. The Second Evangelical Church of Milton, of eighteen members, was organized Nov. 9, 1843. They held services in 272 HISTORY OF MILTON. the Stone Church for a time; afterward they occupied Mr. Babcock’s hall. June 18, 1846, the Second Evangelical Congregational Par¬ ish was organized and the church edifice erected. This was during the ministry of Rev. W. M. Harding. Rev. Samuel Cozzens, after leaving the First Church, preached here from the fall of 1848 till April, 1851. Rev. Edwin Leonard was ordained and installed pastor of the church, March 25, 1852. Rev. Mr. Wheeler was acting pastor for about two years. The pastor of the First Evangelical Church, Rev. Mr. Teele, had charge of this church in connection with the First, com¬ mencing afternoon services April 30, 1865, and continuing till Dec. 19, 1872. Then followed Rev. Hilary Bygrave and several others. Rev. George P. Gilman, the last resident clergyman, was with the church for three years or more. It is now Without a settled pastor. THE LOWER MILLS BAPTIST CHURCH OF DORCHESTER AND MILTON. This church, having been a mission enterprise for two years, was organized Nov. 18, 1882, with twenty-five members, and Nathan Hunt was ordained as pastor. Mr. Hunt was born in Scott’s Woods, Milton. He is remem¬ bered with great affection as connected with the Sabbath School of the First Evangelical Church in his boyhood. The pastor of this church has followed him with the watchful interest of a sincere friend in his education and progress onward to the place he now occupies. From the humble walks of life he has risen to the position of clergyman in his own native town, respected and beloved by his people and fellow-citizens, — a record of fidelity and earnest purpose in life worthy of recognition. The place of worship at the present time, 1884, is Associates Hall, Milton Lower Mills. Since the above date a handsome church edifice has been erected on the Dorchester side, where the shepherd gathers his Milton and Dorchester flock. May the prophetic words come to pass: “ There shall they lie in a good fold, and in a fat past¬ ure shall they feed.” — Ezekiel xxxiv. 14. MINISTERS OF MILTON. 273 RETROSPECT. Here closes the long record of two and a quarter centuries, covering the four extended pastorates of the town church, and the four pastorates of each of its branches. Thus have we travelled down amid the denizens of the past, through all the changes of these centuries of time. It is well thus to do, to turn awhile and look upon the great past, to have our souls filled and thronged with its glorious solemn visions. Pastors and people, shepherds and flocks, — all, all departed, all silent! The past holds them. Their bodies lie in our burial- grounds, and there will remain till the voice of the archangel and the trump of God. The venerable Thacher and many of his family and name; the gentle Taylor; Robbins, ardent and earnest in all his life; Gile, Cozzens, Angier, and Washburn, with their people around them, — a vast congregation of once sincere, earnest, high-minded actors in this place of our sojourn. Venerable men and women of sturdy nature, of determined purpose, and unfaltering loyalty to the King of kings. They helped to form and fashion the country, the common¬ wealth, the town now the heritage of their descendants. They left the impress of their character on the institutions and men that followed them. We are sometimes disposed to speak severely of the harsher traits of their characters ; but even their infirmities, their stern¬ ness of temper, their religious exaltation, their disregard of the graces, of life, were important factors in the work to be wrought out. “ A thousand gay insects flutter in the summer sun, which the blasts of winter sweep from the face of the earth.” Could men of gentler stamp have breasted the obstacles, and performed the arduous labors, and laid broad and deep the earth-fast foundations of this Republic, now so strong and fair ? “ The diamond, rough, unfashioned, in the mine, Now cut, and polished, brilliantly doth shine.” 274 HISTORY OF MILTON. CHAPTER X. ORGANIZATION OF CHURCH, MEETING-HOUSES, AND VARIOUS TOWN AFFAIRS. T HAT the early inhabitants of Milton were church-goers and church lovers is manifest from all their history. It was not then, as it is now, an occasional custom to attend public worship on the Sabbath, but a settled habit. The fathers, with the sons, and all the family, as often as the Sabbath returned, were prompt in attendance as earnest and devout worshippers through the long service. And when the fathers passed away, the sons, inspired by the same reverence for the sanctuary and its observances, took up their work. Indeed, such was the spirit of the times that they were constrained to this observance in order to hold rank as good citizens ; but, far more than this, they drew strength from the service for the robust Christian work then demanded. The spirit of genuine religion is a spirit of great power. It attracts the admiration, and conquers the affections of men not by effeminacy, but by strength. It held their minds and hearts in perfect sway. In illustration of this I here present from the original manu¬ script the Sunday note of Deacon Ebenezer Wadsworth, who died in 1717. This was publicly read from the pulpit, according to the custom of the times, which custom has passed away within thirty years. SUNDAY NOTE OF DEACON EBENEZER WADSWORTH. The earnest prayers of the children of God in this place for Ebenezer Wadsworth are desired he being in a very Weak & low Condition that God would be pleased of his infinite Mercy to show forth his Power to the Glory of his Grace in Removing of his pain and Weakness and distress which he is exercised with, but if God had otherwise Determined that he would of his Sovereign free Mercy & grace fit and prepare him for his Holy Will and Pleasure, and that he would atford his gracious presence unto him, unto & through that important hour when he changes time for eternity, and that the Comforter that should receive him may never be far from him, but take up its abode with him and not at any time leave him Comfortless. ORGANIZATION OF CHURCH. 275 Regular preaching services were held in Unquity and Milton at least twenty-two years before a church was organized. The long delay in so important a matter as the formation of a church seems almost unaccountable. We can only explain it on the supposition that they were waiting for a settled pastor. Mr. Mighill’s ministry was but from year to year; at one time he removed from the place, and returned again at the solicitation of a part of the town. With the hope and reasonable expecta¬ tion of a permanent settlement, after his return, the majority determined upon the formation of a church. To accomplish this great and serious object they sought the aid of the mother church, and held the service in the old church home. The records of that church, describing the organizations, are literally copied. CHURCH ORGANIZATION. The 24. 2. 78 ther was a Church gathered by some of o r breatheren y‘ liyd at Milton it was done in o r meeting hous at Dorchester becaus of some opposission y‘ did appeare ; y e Persons w oh they sent unto weer the Elders & messengers of y e three Churches in Boston & waymoth Brantree & Dead- ham y e Majestrats weer accquainted with it but only y e govenor was heer by reason of y e wett and Snow season. Mr Allen did first pray and then Mr Flint did preach from y e -& then prayed, afterward the breatheren weer Called on one after another to declare y e work of grace y* god had wrought on them to y e number of Seaven, but before they began,, it was put to y e whole assembly both messengers and others whether any had any Just reason against their proceeding, but all weer silent, after they had made their relations, a confession of faith was read by o r Elder unto w ch they all Consented by lifting up of hands, then thos Seaven breatheren weer Called downe into y e body of y e assembly and a Covenant was read unto them unto which they all Consented by lifting up of hands, y e breatheren y* entered into this Covenant & made publique relation weer .thes : Rob‘ Tucker member of waymoth Anthony Newton William Blake Thomas Swift Georg Sumner Edward Blake member of y e 2 Church of Boston Ebenezer Clap members of Dorchester Church After this was done ther weer more of o r Breatheren y* did at y e same time enter into y e same Covenant with the former namly Thomas Holman Georg Lyon Ephram 4 Manasses & > Tucker James j And then M r Tory was appointed to give y e right hand of Fellowship & Mr Mather prayed & a psalme sung & y e assembly dismissed. 276 HISTORY OF MILTON. COVENANT. The following is the Covenant to which they assented: — We whose names are subscribed being called of God to join ourselves together in Chh. communion from our hearts acknowledging our owne unworthynesse of such a priviledge, or of y e Least of gods mercys, & like¬ wise acknowledging our owne disability to keep Covenant, with God, or to perform any spirituall duty, w° hee calleth us unto, unlesse, y e Lord Jesus doe inable, thereunto, by his spirit dwelling in us. Doe In y e name of Christ Jesus our Lord, & in trust & confidence of his free grace assisting us : Freely Covenant & bind ourselues, solemnly in y e presence of God hims., his holy An^ells & all his servants here present, y‘ wee will by his Grace’ assisting Indeavour constantly to walk together as a right ordered Congre¬ gation of Christ, according to all y e holy rules of a Church body: rightly Established so farre as wee doe already know it to be our duty: Or shall further understand it out of gods holy word: Promising first & above all to give up ourselues & our ofspring unto y e Lord God, father Son & Holy- Ghost, y e only true and liueving God & to cleave unto him as our cheafe & only Good, and unto our Lord Jesus Christ as our only Saviour our Prophit Preist & King our spirituall head & Husband ; & for y e furthering of us to Keep y e blessed Communion with God & his son Jesus Christ & to grow up more fully herein, wee doe likewise promise, by his Grace Assisting us to Endeavour y" Establishing amongst ourselves of all his holy Ordinances , w° hee hath appointed for his Chh here on Earth & to Observe all & every of y m , in such sort, as shall bee most agreeable unto his will: Opposeing unto y° utmost of our chh power y e Contrary. And, lastly wee doe hereby Cove¬ nant & promise, to further unto v e utmost of our power y e best spirituall good, of such other, & of all & Every One, y k may become members of y e Congregation by mutual Instruction, reprehension, Exhortation, Consolation, & spirituall watchfullnesse over one another for good; & to be subject in & for y e Lord to all y e Administrations & Censures, of y e Chh. soe far as y e same shall be guides according to y e Rules of Gods most holy word in a way of order peace & vnion ; with all promising to walk orderly in a way of fellowshipe & Communion with all y e Chhs of Christ among us according to Rule, y* y e Lord may be one & his name be one in all y° Chhs : This Covenant wee doe by solemne act of Chh Confederation Enter unto with full purpose of heart [as y e Lord shall help us] to keep it forever, & where wee shall faile, y er to waite upon our Lord Jesus, for healing & par¬ don for his Names sake. The names to this Covenant are : — Anthony Newton [Member of Dorchester Church] Robert Tucker [Member of Weymouth Church] William Blacke [Member of Dorchester Church] Thomas Swift [Member of Dorchester Church] George Sumner [Member of Dorchester Church] Thomas Holman [Admitted by Covenant] Ebenezer Clap [Member of Dorchester Church] Edward Blacke [Member of 2 d Church, Boston] George Lion [Admitted by Covenant] James Tucker [Admitted by Covenant] Ephraim Tucker [Admitted by Covenant] Manasseh Tucker [Admitted by Covenant] MEETING-HO USES. 277 r? C^uTche MEETING-HOUSES. As has been set forth in the chapter on “ Highways and By¬ ways,” the first meeting-house in use, before the establishment of the town, seems to have stood on or near the “ Country Heigh- way,” at the head of Churchill’s lane. In 1664 Robert Vose conveyed to the inhabitants of the town of Milton a tract of land of eight acres, situated on Yose’s lane and Centre street, for a meeting-house, and other ministerial purposes. We here introduce the deed of conveyance : — This Indenture made this thirteenth day of January, in y e year of o r Lord, one thousand six hundred sixty and two betwixt Robert Yose of Milton in y e County of Suffolk, in New England yeoman, of y e one party, and y e in¬ habitants of y e aforesaid Milton of y e other party witnesseth y‘ y e s d Robert Vose for good and valuable consideracons in hand payd, hath given, grant, sold, enfeoffed & confirmed, and by these presents doe give grant Bargain sell enfeoffe & confirm to y e inhabitants of ye town of Milton, their heyrs and successors for present eight acres of land more or less, as it lyeth in y e field of y e said Robert Yose in Milton aforesaid: bounded with y e land of y e said Robert Vose on y e westward of y e same, & on y e north west by a swamp belonging to s d Robert Yose, and on y e north side y e land of Robert Redman, and on y e east part y e land of Robert Redman and y e land of John ffenno. To have & to hold y e s d eight acres of land with y e appurtenances y r unto belonging unto y° inhabitants of Milton as aforesaid their heyrs and 278 HISTORY OF MILTON. successors forever, to be and continue to be y 8 proper right and inheritance of y e inhabitants of Milton their heyrs and successors forever without any let trouble molestation or expulsion of him y e s a Robert Vose his executors administrators or assigns, or any claiming title claime or interest to y e same or any part, parcell y r of from or under him or them or any of them, and also without the lawful let, trouble or expulsion of any other person or per¬ sons whatsoever, will warrant and acquit and defend y e s a eight acres of land more or less with y 8 appurtenances thereof to y e inhabitants aforesaid heyrs & successors forever by these presents. And also shall and will doe any other act or thing as shall be necessary for the further and more perfecting and compleating or assuring of the premises according to y e laws of this federacon, and lastly Jane y’ wife of s d Robert Vose doth hereby freely and fully give and yeild up unto y e in¬ habitants of Milton aforesaid their heyrs & successors all her right, title,, dowry & interest in y e land aforesaid, either y* she now hath or hereafter in any wise may or ought to have, in witness whereof y‘ s d Robert Yose & Jane his wife have hereunto set our hands & seals this 18 day of May One thousand six hundred & sixty & fower. Signed Sealed & Delivered Robert Yose & a seal in presence of , -r -r , r John Ball — Jane Yose & a seal Robert Vose & his wife Jane Yose acknowledged this instrument to be their free act & deed thia 18 day of May 1664 — Boston — Thomas Dan- forth. Entered & Recorded July 1664 Per Edw Rawson Recorder. This indenture, though drawn Jan. 30, 1662, three months before the town was incorporated, was not executed until May 18, 1664. In the interim there had been erected on the land thus donated a parsonage or ministerial house. From the paper following, the house seems to have been built by the eighteen individuals whose signatures appear on the document, in their private capacity. The two documents can be made to harmon¬ ize only on the hypothesis that those eighteen men comprised the entire number of “freeholders ” then constituting the town of Milton, making their action the action of the town. minister’s house. Know All Men By These Presents y‘ we y e inhabitants & freeholders of y e town or Milton in y e County of Suffolk in New England, finding of it necessary in order unto y e Comfortable & Suitable cairying on of y 8 pub- lique woi’ship of God y* we should make provision for y e settlement of y e pub- lique ministry amongst us. And having to y‘ end already purchased of o r friend and neighbor Robert Yose a convenient parcel of land [y* is to- say] eight acres or thereabouts as by a legall conveyance from him y e s d Rob- ert Yose doth appear and having also thereon erected [at o r own cost] a house for y 8 entertainment of a minister, Therefore know yee y* wee y 8 in¬ habitants & freeholders of y 8 town of Milton aforesaid doe by these presents MEETING-HO USES. 279 faithfully promise unto and covenant with one another for ourselves and in our own names and also for and in y 8 behalf of our heyrs and successors y* all y* housing y* hereto is or hereafter shall be erected by us upon y* land, & all that land aforesaid and all y e privileges & appurtenances thereunto belonging shall be & remain to be to y 8 publique use of y e inhabitants & freeholders of y 8 town of Milton aforesaid in order to y e prosecution of the premises. And y'fore wee doe by these presents freely own, covenant and agree y* y 8 s d house and land shall be and remain to be to y e use and be¬ hoof of such Minister as God shall successively from time to time send amongst us. And y* there shall be no alienation or appropriation of v* house or land unto any particular person any longer than he shall re¬ main in y 8 constant exercise of y e publique ministry amongst us. And further wee doe hereby covenant and agree y* it shall not be in y e power of a majority of ourselves at any time to make any such alienation and ap¬ propriation without the consent of all & every of y m y‘ are purchasers, or their heirs or successors. And wee doe further covenant & agree that this our covenant & agreement shall be recorded by the Clerk of the writts in y e Town Books & also y‘ it shall be recorded in y e County Books y* so it may remain as a firm obligacon upon ourselves our heyrs & successors unto the performance of the premises. In witness where of we have hereunto set our hands. Robert Yose Anthony Gouliver Anthony Newton Samuel Wadsworth Henry Crane Thomas Yose Jno Gill W M Daniell W M Sals bury James Hoften Robert Badcock Robert Tucker Richard Collicott Robert Redman Steyan Kinsley John Ffenno David Himes Thomas Swift Entered and Recorded at request of Robert Yose, in behalf of the sub¬ scribers 17 July 1664 Pr Edw Rawson Recorder. [Sulfolk Registry, Lib. 4, Fol. 208.] This house is often referred to in the Town Records. Feb. 16, 1669, a committee was sent to Sandwich to invite the Rev. Mr. Wiswall to Milton, offering him £60 per year and the use of house and lands, with liberty to cut wood for his own use. Mr. Mighill while in Milton occupied the minis¬ terial house; the rent of this, with wood from the lot, formed a part of his salary. Rev. Samuel Man was its occupant 1678- 80. Rev. Mr. Thacher took possession of the ministerial house when he came to Milton, Sept. 10, 1681, and occupied it until a house built by himself, was completed, Nov. 11,1689. In 1690 “the ministerial house and land lying to it,” having seem¬ ingly completed its special mission, was, by vote of the town, sold to Edward Yose for £60. It is highly probable that the house on the corner of Centre street and Vose’s lane, now owned by Mrs. Blanchard, stands on the site of the old “ min¬ ister’s house,” and may be part of the same. It passed into the Yose family in 1690, and afterwards became the property of Yose Crane. After the decease of Polly Crane, Jan., I860, 280 HISTORY OF MILTON. Charles Breck purchased the estate for his brother, and thor¬ oughly repaired the house, putting in new sills and making the old structure oyer anew, at the cost of nearly $500. If this is true, a part of this house, originally built in 1668, is now two hundred and twenty-four years old. SECOND MEETING-HOUSE. On the land donated by Robert Yose a new meeting-house was erected in 1671. At a town-meeting held Sept., 1670, it was decided to locate the house “neare Goodman Vose, his loked barre.” At a subsequent meeting of the town the loca¬ tion was changed. Jan. 12 1671. It was legally voted that forasmuch as the former vote by the Locke Bars cannot in respect of place be improved for the Settinge of the Meeting House, that it should stand upon the Est sid of Goodman Yoses Lande at the corner of his son Thomas Voses stone wall next to Henry Glover his house by the town way sid, and Robert Yose did agree thereunto. This second meeting-house was built, according to the above vote, near the site now occupied by the house of Mrs. Blanchard. Two years later Yose’s lane was opened along the west side of the meeting-house, and the town-way (now Centre street) passed it on the south. The building of the meeting¬ house was a great undertaking for the times, when, doubtless, one dollar held the value of a hundred dollars in our day. The town levied a rate of <£50 for the erection of the building, and made provisions for securing the amount as follows: — Upon a training day the 22 of Oct. 1670 it was agreed by a vote of the Train Band and several others that were present that 6 acres of the Town land should be cleared of the Tim 1 and wood to By nails and glass for the new meeting house. Each citizen could meet his portion of the rate, by cutting wood from the lot and hauling the same to the Town Landing, where he was allowed one shilling and three pence per cord. “ Jan 10, 1670-1 It was voted that if 6 acres do not suffice to pay for the meeting house, enough more be taken as will pay all the Rats for that building.” One or two references to this house found in the Town Records lead us to conclude that it was a small building nearly square, with gallery on one side, pulpit on the other, and entrance on the town-way, now Centre street. This house sufficed for the needs of the town for fifty-eight years, through the whole ministry of Parson Thacher. MEETING-HO USES. 281 THIRD MEETING-HOUSE. As early as May 9, 1715, it was decided in town-meeting to Ibuild a new meeting-house, and “ that the meeting-house stand where it now is.” Here commenced a grievous controversy respecting the loca¬ tion of the proposed meeting-house, which extended through a period of twelve years. The matter came up at every town¬ meeting, and was the subject of votes, reconsiderations, and protests, almost without number. Aug. 24, 1721. Voted that the meeting-house shall be built on Milton ministerial land with submiscion to our Great & General Court. Lieut. Henry Vose and others were chosen a committee to petition our Great & General Court, praying them to concur with this town in building the said Meeting-House. The General Court gave leave so to do, but by their com¬ mittee recommended a lot on the land of Andrew Pitcher. The vote was protested by twenty-seven men and women, and the enterprise was defeated. March 27,1727, twelve years after the movement was started, a compromise was effected. Voted, to build the meeting-house on land of John Trott. Deacon John Wadsworth, Ensign Samuel Swift, Mr. John Daniel were appointed a committee to treat with John Trott about said land, voted to adjourn till Monday next. April 3, 1727. The committee made their report, and their report was as follows, that the land may be had for thirty pounds. Voted to concur with the committee’s report concerning a tract of land whereon to build a meeting-house. Voted that there shall be a committee chosen to address the Great & General Court for their concurrence with the vote of the town. Deacon John Wadsworth, Manasseh Tucker, John Daniel were chosen the committee. The following is-the petition to the General Court: — A petition of Manasseh Tucker and others, a committee of the town of Milton showing that for divers years past they have been under great diffi¬ culties with respect to the erecting and placing of a new meeting-house partly through disagreement among themselves and partly through the impractibility of purchasing the land assigned by the General Court. That the inhabitants of the Town legally warned have agreed upon the south west corner of John Trotts land adjacent to the road, joining to the land of Andrew Pitcher which the first committee of the General Court judged the most convenient place for building their meeting-house. Therefore pray¬ ing the allowance of this court that they may build their meeting-house on the said John Trott’s land agreeable to the vote passed by the town afore¬ said. In the House of Representatives — Read & Ordered that the prayer of the petitioners be granted, the former order of the Court notwithstanding. In Council Read & Concurred July 1727, Consented to. [State Archives.] W. Dummer 282 HISTORY OF MILTON. At an adjourned town-meeting, held July 31, 1727, the concurrence of the General Court was read. The following committee was appointed to attend to the building: Samuel Wadsworth, Ensign Samuel Swift, Benjamin Fenno, Preserved Lion, John Daniel. Thus harmony was restored, and work on the new house was commenced. In the midst of this work Mr. Thacher died, Dec. 17, 1727. At a meeting of the town, May 27 1728, Nathaniel Yose, Nehemiah Clap, Samuel Tucker, and John Trott were chosen a committee to provide for the raising of the meeting-hous. Voted that the provision that shall be made for the raising of our meet¬ ing-house shall be bread and ches, and bear, sider and rum. This third meeting-house, after so long and sore strife, was- built near Canton avenue, in front of the present Unitarian church. Its size was fifty feet by forty, and twenty-eight feet high, with a belfry. At a meeting of the town, April 3, 1729, voted to place a bel in the belfry to weigh 3 1-2 cwt. grose. Voted to pay for the bel by subscription. Rev. John Taylor commenced his ministry in this house near the time of its completion. He was allowed the first choice of a place for the minister’s pew in the new house, which pew was to be built by the town. The house stood near the street, with southerly doors opening towards Canton avenue. In the centre of the northerly side was the high pulpit, over which hung the sounding-board, with three pews ranged on each side of it. Four square pews occupied the easterly end, leaving room for gallery stairs. In the westerly end was the steeple, westerly door, and women’s stairs. Mr. Taylor’s pew was the first on the easterly end on entering the southerly doors. In 1739 it was exchanged for the “ Gover¬ nor Belcher pew, being the tenth, or the third, on the westerly side of the pulpit.” The pews were designed for the occupancy of families, and were built by the leading and wealthy families of the town. The rest of the floor and the galleries, which occupied three sides of the house, were arranged for citizens generally, the women and men being seated in separate sections. Nov. 12 1728. Voted that they who draw pus shall sit in them them¬ selves, with so many of their family as can conveniently sit with them, and the rest of their family to be seated with the rest of the town. 1751. March, 11. Voted that the negro men and women should sett in the two hindermost seats of the upper most gallery [uppermost part of the gallery]. MEETING-HO USES. 283 March 12, 1753. Samuel Miller Benj. Fenno and Capt. John Crehore were chosen a Committy to act on the towns behalf with respect to- Thomas Hutchinson Esq. having a place for a pew in the Meeting house. Voted that six inches be taken of the womans stairs if need be to make room for a pew. After the completion of this building Jonathan Gulliver, Henry Yose, Benjamin Fenno, Samuel Swift, John Daniel, and Samuel Miller, Jr., in behalf of the town, conveyed to Thomas Yose, July 4, 1732, for the sum of X34, the old meeting-house, as follows: — A tract of land containing by estimation, thirty and six rods with an old Meeting-house thereon belonging to the said town Butted & Bounded as followeth: Easterly on the said Thomas Vose’s land: Southerly and Westerly on the road, and Northerly on Nathaniel Vose’s land, together with all and singular the said old Meeting-house and all the priveleges and Appurtenances there unto belonging. FOURTH MEETING-HOUSE. For several years the meeting-house needing repairs, and proving too strait for the people, the question at length arose respecting a new house. In 1772 a committee was appointed to take this matter into consideration. At a meeting May 13, 1773 the committee reported, that they should now recommend to the town to get a new meeting-house as soon as they can, the easiest way that may be thought of, and the report was accepted by a vote of the town. Voted to build the new meeting-house on the most convenient spot of the same piece of the town land that the old meeting¬ house now stands on. The population of the town had nearly doubled in the forty- five years that had elapsed since the building of the house then in use, and the question of repairs involved also the question of enlargement, which, in the judgment of the committee, could be met in the most economical way by commencing at the foundation. But the clouds of war began to gather thickly over them; the troubles with the parent government were daily growing more serious and menacing, engrossing the thoughts of the people to the exclusion of all other considerations, and nothing more is heard of the new meeting-house until after peace was restored. At a town meeting Oet 3, 1785 Voted to build a new meeting-hous 66 by 52. Voted to meet the cost by the sale of the old meeting-hous at auction — by selling the pews in the new Meeting-hous to be built, and by assessing the remainder on the estates of the citizens. ■284 HISTORY OF MILTON. Nov. 14, 1785. Sixty-two pews on the lower floor of the house to be built were appraised at <£904, and sold for £1,191 2s., being £287 2s. above appraisal. Col. William Taylor made the highest bid for choice, £6 12s.; John Marshall and John Crehore, Jr., the lowest, £3 12s. At a later date twenty- four gallery pews were appraised and sold, the bids above ap¬ praisal ranging from £1 10s. to £5 2s., and amounting in the aggregate to £209 8s. The whole amount realized from the sale of pews was £1,400 10s. This seems to have been the first step in the building process. The work on the frame began May 1, 1787. On the 19th of June they commenced raising. Altho four days ware Barely sufficient for accomplishing that important Difficult & Dangerous part of the Business, yet as the Quantity of the Tim¬ ber was large and very hevey as thare was No damage sustained or the most triffling accident hapned during the whol time, these singular Cir¬ cumstances were generally considered as evident Tokens of the divin fa¬ vour and supernatural Protection. December 31. We were agreeably entertained with the Exhibition of a very elligant clock Presented as a donation to the Town by Mr. Edward H. Robbins. This Butifull Machine Justly Esteemed very ornamental is really much more valuable on account of its use and Conveniency; for while it serves to distinguish those artificial Periods of Time that measure and Constitute the aggregate Term of univarsell Mortal Duration at the same time it reminds us of the Constant and uninterrupted Succession of those moments that will infallably & shortly reduce that Portion of time alloted to mortals to one single point. This new building was dedicated Jan. 1, 1788, costing $5,600. It is the same edifice now occupied by the Unitarian Society, only when built it stood lengthwise towards the street, with the steeple-end facing southerly. In 1835 it was turned around, the galleries were walled out, and the interior was greatly changed. In 1851 it was enlarged by the addition of twenty pews, and received extensive improvements. In 1871 it was again repaired and improved, as we now see it. A few years since, the parish parlor was built on the west side of the church, affording pleasant accommodations for the Sabbath school and for the social wants of the people. All other church edifices in Milton are described in the chapter on “Ministers of Milton.” OTHER TOWN BUILDINGS. Town-meetings were held in the meeting-house, or, in suit¬ able weather, on the church green, until A.D. 1836. In the OTHER TOWN BUILDINGS. 285 year 1818 the parish was organized, and the town relinquished all claims to the meeting-house and property ; but town-meetings were held in the meeting-house, by the consent of the parish, for about eighteen years afterwards. The last town-meeting in the meeting-house was on March 9, 1885. Town-meeting in Academy Hall, Nov. 9, 1835; in the vestry of East meeting-house, June 1, 1836 ; at the Railway House, Monday, Nov. 14, 1836 ; at the Railway meeting-house, Feb. 13, 1837. Aug. 24, 1836. The Trustees of Milton Academy voted to rent the lower story of the Academy Building to the Town of Milton for town meetings at $40 per year. It is not certain that town-meetings were held in the Academy after that of Nov. 9, 1835, unless the March meeting of 1836 was there. Two town-meetings in 1837 were held in the vestry of Rail¬ way village meeting-house, as appears by an item among “ inci¬ dental ” expenses in the first printed report of the town: “ Paid for use of vestry at Railway village meeting-house for two town meetings, $300.” This was the old stone church. A tract of land for a town-house was purchased of Mr. Taylor in 1837, at the cost of $350, and a building was erected the same year. The March meeting of 1838 was held in the new town-house. A paper enumerating the contents of a copper box deposited in the corner-stone of the present Town-Hall, erected in 1878, which contains a history of the first town-house, as well as of its successor, the present building, with other interesting facts, is here introduced : — CONTENTS OF THE BOX THIS DAY DEPOSITED IN THE SOUTHEASTERLY CORNER-STONE OF THE TOWER OF THE TOWN-HALL, JULY 22, 1878. The Citizens of Milton, A.D. 1878, to The Citizens of Milton, A.D. - Salutations and Benedictions!! “ The Lord bless you and keep you; the Lord make his face to shine upon you, and be gracious unto you; the Lord lift up his countenance upon you and give you peace! ” — Numbers vi. 24-26. OLD TOWN-HOUSE. The town of Milton, after having given up their meeting-house to the First Congregational Parish, and having no place in which to hold their town-meetings, at their meeting in March, 1837, chose the Hon. John Ruggles, Jason Houghton, Esq., Dea. Jesse Tucker, Moses Gragg, Alva Martin, Walter Cornell, and Dea. Samuel Adams a Committee to purchase a '286 HISTORY OF MILTON. piece of land near the centre of the town, and erect thereon a town-house, not to exceed forty by sixty feet, and one story in height, and at a cost not to exceed $2,500. The selectmen were authorized to draw on the treasurer from time to time in such sums as might be wanted ; and if there were no funds on hand, he was authorized to hire on the credit of the town. By the sagacity and prudence of President Jackson, a surplus had ac¬ cumulated in the U. S. Treasury, which was distributed to the several States. Massachusetts divided her share among the towns; Milton’s proportion of which was $3,424.89. This sum going into the treasury, enabled them to pay without hiring, the cost of the land, town-house, and furnishing, $2,835.43, and to have a surplus of $589.46 left in the town treasury. The above house, having fulfilled its mission of forty-one years, is now (1878) about giving place to one more in accordance with the wants of the town. The valuation of the town in 1837 was $1,648,380.30. The rate of tax on $1,000 was $3.45. The valuation the present year is but a little short of $9,000,000, and the rate of tax per $1,000 is $7.00. Amount raised by tax in 1837, $4,000.00; schools partly additional. Amount raised by tax in 1878, $63,392.20. The highest tax paid by an individual in 1837 was paid by Gen. Moses Whitney, viz., $187.80. The highest tax paid in 1878 was by heirs of A. Hemmenway, $11,- 561.20. NEW TOWN-HALL. At the annual March meeting, A.D. 1878, the town of Milton voted an appropriation of thirty-five thousand dollars ($35,000) for the erection of a town-hall, and the following committee of citizens were chosen to carry into effect the vote of the town, viz., William H. Forbes, Chairman, Samuel Gannett, Secretary, J. Huntington Wolcott, James M. Robbins, Samuel Babcock, George Yose, Edward L. Pierce, Horace E. Ware, and Albert K. Teele. The work was entrusted to the following artisans : — Architects. — Hartwell & Tilden, of Boston. Contractors. —Mason Work: Wm. C. Poland & Son, of Boston. Carpentry: Creesey & Noyes, of Boston. DOCUMENTS AND COIN IN BOX. Address at the Two Hundredth Anniversary of the incorporation of the Town of Milton, delivered June 11, 1862, by Hon. James M. Robbins. Two sermons preached in Milton, June 15 and 22, 1862, suggested by the Centennial Celebration, by John H. Morison, D.D. The Auditor’s first printed Financial Report of the town, containing a statement of expenditures in the erection of the first town-hall, A.D. 1838. The Auditor’s last Report of the finances of the town, A.D. 1878. The first printed Annual Report of the School Committee of Milton, A.D. 1841. The last Annual Report of the School Committee of Milton, A.D. 1878. Twenty-fifth Anniversary Sermon, preached in the First Evangelical Church of Milton, Dec. 19, 1875, by Albert K. Teele, D.D. Report of the Committee for procuring a Seal for the Town of Milton, adopted March 4, 1878. 0 THER TO WN B UILDINGS. 287 A Discourse occasioned by the Two Hundredth Anniversary of the Formation of the First Church of Milton, delivered April 28, 1878, by Rev. Frederick Frothingham. A Collection of Papers relative to the Transactions of the Town of Milton in the State of Massachusetts to promote a general Innoculation of the Cow or Kine Pock, as a never-failing preventive against Small-pox infection, A.D. 1809. Boston Daily Papers of July 20, 1878. — Advertiser, Post, Globe, Herald, Transcript, Journal, Traveller. Weekly Papers. — Boston Beacon, Norfolk County Gazette, Dedham Transcript, Quincy Patriot. United States Coin, Issue of 1878. — Silver dollar, trade-dollar, half- dollar, quarter-dollar, dime, “ nickel,” five-eent, three-cent, one-cent. ALBERT K. TEELE, For Building Committee. The Town-Hall, described in the foregoing paper as in process of- erection, was successfully completed and delivered to the town. The Building Committee having finished their work, announced to the citizens the occasion of its formal open¬ ing by the following circular left at their residences: — TO THE CITIZENS OF MILTON. Your Committee appointed by the town at their last March meeting, for the purpose of building a Town-Hall, respectfully represent that, having finished their work, they propose on Monday, Feb. 17, 1879, to deliver the keys to the Selectmen, and end their duties with the following ceremonies. The hall will be opened to the public at 2 o’clock, P.M.; at 7 P.M. exercises as follows : — MUSIC BY THE CADET BAND. PRAYER BY COMMITTEE’S REPORT BY THE CHAIRMAN, REY. A. K. TEELE. WM. H. FORBES. ADDRESS BY HON. EDWARD L. PIERCE. Music by the Band the remainder of the Evening. Col. Henry S. Russell will preside. At this dedication service the hall was crowded with an audience of citizens deeply interested in the successful comple¬ tion of the work, and in the facilities thus provided for the growing wants and business of the town. The dedicatory address of Mr. Pierce was admirably adapted to the occasion and to the hour. With great skill the orator 288 HISTORY OF MILTON. seized upon the salient points in the life and history of the ancient town, and in glowing language, rich in comparison and vivid in description, placed before his fellow-citizens a real picture of the past and the present. The address appeared in the papers of the day; it was printed with the forty-third Auditor’s report of the town for 1880; it may also be found in the Public Library, under “ Mil- ton Documents.” The following selection, from its descriptive portion, demands a place in our history: — We have in the pleasant places where our lines have fallen blessings which came to us without effort or sacrifice of ourselves or our fathers. There are no four miles in our country — perhaps, without exaggeration, we might add on the globe — more endowed with all that is attractive in scenery than those which are covered by our municipal jurisdiction. Here are no morasses, no pestilential districts, no blasted heaths, no wastes where all is parched, scraggy and repulsive, no dead level wearisome to eye or feet; but the whole space filled with a pure and health-bringing air which rises from the sea and descends from the hills, spread out in varied landscapes, diversified with elevations and intervals, with forests and fields, watered by unfailing brooks, and even the hills fed by perpetual springs. Here on our fair heritage are combined the Blue Hills to the south, from which came, according to Roger Williams, the Indian name of our beloved Commonwealth—Massachusetts; the Neponset river flowing along our northern border, and the ocean view to the east. You who have journeyed in other lands, along the Charente, the Loire, or the Arno, what fairer prospect have you seen than the eye sweeps, as you stand on Milton Hill looking on the river, as with changing tide it spreads out a broad lake, or withdraws to its narrow bed; on eminences crowned with villas; on vil¬ lages nestling in valleys or covering elevations; on church-spires, testify¬ ing to Christian worship ; on the islands and beacon lights in the harbor of New England’s metropolis; on ships departing and returning on their errands of commerce and civilization? Looking southward on the same highway, the old Plymouth road, the eye glides along a scene hardly less picturesque, which embraces the in¬ terval and the hills beyond. Standing on Brush Hill, with no intervening obstruction between you and the Blue Hills, there lies spread out before you nature in one of her royal moods, a study worthy of some gifted artist. Passing on to the south, and ascending the hills themselves, which in a less modest nomenclature than ours would be classified as mountains, and there, on the summit, lies before you a magnificent panorama of cities, vil¬ lages, mountains, valleys, rivers, lakes, the ocean, — where one may con¬ template with reverence the works of the Creator, the intelligence of man, the life and growth of society, and the events of history which have tran¬ spired in successive generations, within the bounds of the horizon. Nor is the natural beauty of this township confined to such favored sites as these, but it is distributed among our farms and along our roads. I have seen the artist sitting by our longest brook, which rises in the Blue Hills, and, flowing through the Hobart woods, falls into the Neponset, sketching the overhanging branches, the old trunks, and the flowering meadows by its side, and placing on canvas beauties of which we live alto¬ gether too unconscious. Coming at the close of day from the railway station to my home, with the twin churches before me and the Blue Hills OTHER TOWN BUILDINGS. 289 in the background, looking westward I have often paused to gaze on sun¬ sets as finely colored as any I have ever seen on Italian skies. We have, indeed, villas and lawns which art has constructed and spread out, but, better still, we have retained the primitive forest, where woodcock, par¬ tridge, quail, and rabbit still linger; we have highways not too broad and lined with graceful elms; we have still, and long may we retain, that freshness of nature which makes the charm of Milton as a home and place of rest. If some lover of nature giited with imagination, like Wordsworth, who glorified with sentiment the Lake district of England and peopled it with ideal forms, shall ever be born or come to live among us, he will find all about him food for his contemplative spirit and poetic genius. For nine years the New Town-Hall has met the wants of the town in a satisfactory manner. It is equally well adapted to the town-meeting, which lies at the foundation of all genuine repub¬ lican government, and to the social company, which contributes in like measure to the unity and happiness of the people. Its solid walls, heavy roof-trusses, and general aspect of com¬ pleteness and durability seem to indicate that it was planned to last, and to meet the wants of the town for a century to come ; but the crowds of voters that already fill the seats and pack the aisles at our March meetings plainly show that the projectors of this model Town-Hall made at least one mistake. MEMORIAL TABLET. Underneath the open archway of the hall, between the heavy oak doors, is erected a monumental slab of gray marble, bearing the following inscription : — NON SIBI SED PATRIAE. THE TOWN OF MILTON HAS ERECTED THIS TABLET IN MEMORY OF HER CITIZEN SOLDIERS WHO DIED IN DEFENCE OF THE REPUBLIC. 1861 Lieut. Lieut. Lieot. George O. Baxter George F. Bent William Bole William F. Brigham Amos H. Bronsdon George W. Burditt Patrick Dunican N. Stanley Everett Ebenezer Field George W. Hall, Jr. 1865 Josiah H. V. Field Stephen G. Perkins Huntington F. Wolcott Daniel V. Hoyt Isaiah Hunt Samuel Hunt, Jr. Albert B. Martin Thomas B. Merrill Charles H. Moulton Nathaniel T. Myers John Scoff Edward Shannon Charles H. Thayer George E. Vose 290 HISTORY OF MILTON. MILTON LIBRARIES. MILTON SOCIAL LIBBABY SOCIETY. A Library Society was established on Brush Hill, Milton, in June, 1792. The same was incorporated agreeably to an act of the General Court, under the title of the “ Milton Social Li¬ brary Society,” April 3, 1800. We give below brief extracts from the constitution of the society: — We, the subscribers having formed ourselves into a society by the name above mentioned do agree to the following articles herein expressed, or further regulations that may be hereafter adopted by a majority of the pro¬ prietors. Article 1. There shall be annually holden on the second Monday of April, a meeting of the proprietors at the Brush Hill school-house in Milton at six of the clock afternoon to choose the following officers by ballot, &c. Article 7. The time for the delivery of books shall be on the second Mondays of April, July, October and January at six of the clock in the afternoon; — each member shall return all books taken from the library at or before twelve o’clock at noon on said days; if any member shall detain a book beyond the limited time, he shall not be allowed to take any other book from the library until satisfaction is fully made to the society; and he shall also be subject to a fine of six per cent, on the prime cost of the book or books, for the first day, and also six per cent, on the prime cost for each so detained for the remaining quarter. This library continued in existence for twenty-seven years, and for most of that time contributed largely to the literary wants of the community. Funds for the supply of hooks were derived from contributions, assessments, loans, and fines, and the list of works was both ample and choice. Although it was started at Brush Hill, being located at the house of James Foord, near the head of Robbins street, and received its chief patronage from that section of the town, yet the leading citizens from all parts of the town joined in it. There were sixty pro¬ prietors, among whom are the names of Gov. E. H. Robbins, Hon. John Ruggles, Col. William Taylor, Dudley Walker, Ezra Coats, William Pierce, Jason Houghton, Caleb Hobart, Samuel Gulliver, Rev. Dr. Gile, and other citizens, representing every section of Milton. About the year 1814 it was removed from Brush Hill to the house of Dr. Benjamin Turner, on Canton Avenue, now owned, by Mrs. Eldridge ; interest in the enterprise began to flag, and it was decided by a majority of the proprietors to wind up the concern. The corporation w;as dissolved, and the books were sold at public auction at the tavern of Major Atherton, Dec. 3, 1819. MILTON LIBRARIES. 291 The whole amount of sales was $214.28; deducting cost of sales, $18.40, there was left the sum of $200.88 to be divided among sixty proprietors, giving to each $3.33^. The records of this society, in the original manuscripts of its secretaries and treasurers, are before me at this writing. They will be deposited in the Milton Public Library, fitly represent¬ ing the progenitor of that valued institution. Nineteen years later was formed THE LADIES’ CIRCULATING LIBRARY OF DORCHESTER AND MILTON. The special purpose of this society is shown in the preamble of its constitution. To diffuse the taste of literary pursuits, to encourage mental cultiva¬ tion, and to enlarge the sphere of social enjoyment, by rendering accessible the standard works of genius, and adorning the wayside with the flowers of literature, the undersigned ladies of Dorchester and Milton have deter¬ mined to establish a circulating library to be owned and conducted accord¬ ing to the rules and principles hereinafter prescribed. Article 2. Location. — The library shall be kept at some place in the village of Dorchester and Milton commonly known as the Lower Mills, the place to be fixed, and, if need be, changed by direction of the government. Article 3. Admission of members. — Any lady residing in the towns of Dorchester and Milton, or the vicinity, may become a member of the asso¬ ciation by subscribing to these articles of agreement prior to the organiza¬ tion of the government. Article 7. Terms of subscription. —The use of the Library shall be common to the associates and all other persons who may be approved by the government, according to the usages of Circulating Libraries; to wit, by an annual subscription which shall secure the right to take out one or more books at a time, or by the payment of a specified fee for the use of each volume for a given time. The rates of subscription and the amount of the fees shall be established by By-Laws, and may be varied from time to time by an alteration of the By-Laws if it shall be found expedient. June 21, 1838, the following ladies met and organized them¬ selves into a society: L. B. Baker, H. Baldwin, C. Sumner, P. Rowe, Lucia P. Brown, M. Codman, Eliza Glover, Lucinda Baldwin, Mary Morton, Mary B. Churchill. This library was organized just at the time to meet a decided want of the community, and at once became useful and popular. For most of the time it was kept in the building of Deacon Martin, near the bridge, a position central and easily accessible to both towns. It started with a full supply of standard works in science and literature, while the fresh issues of travels, poetry, and choice fiction were always found on its shelves. This library continued in full and successful operation for upwards of thirty years. The opening of Milton Public Library in its 292 HISTORY OF MILTON. immediate vicinity, and the Dorchester Branch of the Boston Public Library on the other side of the river, brought its former usefulness to an end, and its stock of books was distributed by a fair and equitable division between the two towns; those assigned to Milton being placed on the shelves of the Public Library. MILTON AGRICULTURAL LIBRARY. An Agricultural Library of several hundred volumes was established in Milton about twenty-five years ago in connection with the formation of a Farmer’s Club. For a time this club held monthly meetings in the Town-House for the discussion of topics relating to practical farming. These meetings were often attended by good audiences of men and women, who became deeply interested in the essays and discussions. The library was kept at the Town-House for the benefit of the members of the club. Soon after the Milton Public Library was opened, by vote of the Farmer’s Club the Agricultural Library was transferred to its shelves, and now forms a valuable portion of the works on this subject in our Public Library. MILTON PUBLIC LIBRARY. At a meeting of the town held March 7, 1870, it was “voted that the town appropriate the sum of three thousand dollars for a Public Library, to be paid to trustees when a like amount has been raised by subscription or donation and secured to the satisfaction of the selectmen.” It was also “ voted that nine trustees be chosen by the town to expend said amount, and have charge of said library.” The following gentlemen were chosen: — Hon. James M. Robbins, Rev. Albert K. Teele, Rev. John H. Morison, Hon. James B. Thayer, Mr. A. L. Hollingsworth, Hon. Edward L. Pierce, Mr. George Yose, Mr. George K. Gannett, Mr. E. D. Wadsworth. The conditional contribution required by the town was promptly raised, amounting to $3,192. The first meeting of the trustees was held at the house of James B. Thayer, on Thursday, Sept. 15,1870. Hon. James M. Robbins was elected Chairman, Hon. Edward L. Pierce, Treas¬ urer, and Mr. A. L. Hollingsworth, Secretary. MILTON LIBRARIES. 293 After long and careful deliberation it was decided that the location of the Public Library at Milton village would best meet the convenience of a majority of the citizens; conse¬ quently, the lower story of the building belonging to Mr. Edmund J. Baker was leased, fitted up, and furnished for this purpose. A committee of the trustees, consisting of Hon. Edward L. Pierce, Prof. James B. Thayer, and Mr. A. L. Hol¬ lingsworth, was instructed to prepare a list of books, and to expend the sum of $3,000 in the purchase of the same. The library was opened to the public Feb. 23, 1871, with thirty-five hundred volumes on the shelves, selected by the highly compe¬ tent and judicious committee. It was voted that the library be open every afternoon, except Sunday, from 3 to 8 o’clock, and on Saturday morning from 9 to 11 o’clock. The afternoon hours remain the same. The Saturday morning opening is now from 8 to 11. At the opening of the library Miss Jennie E. Emerson w~as engaged as librarian, which office she has continued to hold to the present time, with the full satisfaction of the trustees and, it is believed, of the citizens generally. By a minute and ready knowledge of the contents of the library and courteous attention to all its patrons, the librarian has afforded much help to readers, and contributed, in no small degree, to the usefulness of the enterprise. By.the regulations of the trustees “any resident of the town over the age of fourteen may have the use of the library by signing a promise to obey its rules.” The number of such sub¬ scriptions for the first day of its opening was one hundred and fifty-five, and for the first year, eight hundred. This number has increased to two thousand five hundred and forty-four ; but only a portion of the cards are in use at the present time. Ihe library receives its support from annual appropriations of the town and from Milton’s portion of the “ dog tax ” devoted to this purpose. The number of volumes purchased annually has averaged a little over four hundred, and at this date the library contains ten thousand volumes. Feb. 11, 1876, the work of increasing 'the library accommo¬ dations, which had become necessary from the constant accu¬ mulation of books and the increase of readers, was reported as completed. By this movement more shelves were furnished for the books, and better accommodations to the public. EAST MILTON. In 1877, and again in 1881, petitions were presented to the trustees from the citizens of East Milton, asking for better 294 HISTORY OF MILTON. library accommodations. The trustees decided to try the ex¬ periment of having books exchanged once a week, commencing Saturday, Feb. 12. After the trial of a few weeks it was voted to appropriate the sum of $52 for the delivery and return of books between the library and East Milton for one year, provision being made for their safety. This was continued for two years. March 27, 1883. Voted, that the Town accept Mr. Babcock’s offer of his room at East Milton, at the rent of $100 per year, and that the said room be kept open as a reading-room during the afternoon of each week-day; that it be supplied with periodicals, the cost not to exceed $100; that an attendant be paid $150 per year. Miss Emma C. Emerson was chosen for that position, and is at present in charge. The smallest number of }moks ever sent to East Milton in one week was thirty-one, and the largest eighty- five. NEW BUILDING. March 21, 1881. It was voted that the trustees accept the offer of the Building Company to have a room in the proposed Associates Building, which was about to be erected; and in May, 1882, the books were removed from their old quarters to the handsome and commodious rooms they now occupy. When preparing to enter these new apartments the following letter was received from H. P. Kidder : — Boston, Dec. 30, 1861. Rev. A. K. Tef.le, D.D., Chairman Trustees Milton Public Library : — Mr Dear Sir, —I desire to present to the town of Milton, through the Trustees of the Public Library, and to be hung in the Library Reading-room, a picture, painted by Voltz, of Munich, it being a cattle-piece of much merit, which I hope will be seen with pleasure by all who may visit the room. It is now at my house in Milton, and will be delivered whenever you are ready to hang it. With sincere interest in the welfare of the town and its inhabitants, I am, yours most truly, H. P. KIDDER. This elegant painting now adorns the walls of the reading- room, affording a pleasing memorial of our honored and departed friend and fellow-citizen. I may also add that numbers of our most expensive volumes have been secured from the income of afund given to Milton Pub¬ lic Library during the life of this same gentleman, and that this fund will continue to yield an annual revenue for years to come. Several other citizens have shown their interest in the library by donations of books. A complete set of the Massachusetts MILTON SOCIAL AND BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. 295 Historical Collections, now out of print and rare, a set of the Genealogical Register, nearly complete, with other valuable works on early history, have been received from the library of the late Hon. Janies M. Robbins, the first President of the Trus¬ tees of Milton Public Library, and the only President during his life. Miss Betsey Tucker, of Milton, kindly remembered Milton Public Library by a bequest in her will of $50. In the will of the late Miss Sarah Yose, Milton Public Li¬ brary was named as her residuary legatee. By this act of exceeding kindness the library has come into possession of the handsome sum of about $7,000. Ebenezer G. Tucker, a native of Brush Hill, Milton, and for most of his life an active and interested citizen here, at his decease left to the Milton Public Library a bequest of $500, as a perpetual testimony of his interest in his native town, and also a volume of town reports. MILTON SOCIAL AND BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. The objects of this society are shown in the Preamble and Articles of Agreement herewith subjoined: — PREAMBLE. We the subscribers, desirous of forming a Social and Benevolent Society, and influenced by a sense of social duty, agree to form ourselves into a society, and, as members thereof, to be governed by the following regula¬ tions : — Article III. It shall be the duty of this Society to relieve all objects of charity, so far as may be deemed practicable. Article IY. A Committee of Relief, consisting of three, including the President of this Society, shall be chosen at our annual meeting, to inquire out objects of distress, and to'dispense such sums as the Society shall vote them, and make a report in writing, at the annual meeting, of the money expended, and in what manner. Article XI. At our meeting in July, we will have a public Address from some popular speaker to be chosen by the Society; at which time a contribution may be taken up, for the aid of the funds of the Society. Also an Address at our annual meeting, from one of the members of the Society, the speaker to be chosen at the meeting in October (previous). This society was organized by the choice of Samuel Adams, President, and Samuel T. Bent, Secretary, and with a member¬ ship of twenty-seven, embracing many of the leading citizens of Milton. It continued in active operation for several years, sus- 296 HISTORY OF MILTON. taining the general interest by public addresses in July, and by its benevolent agencies in the community. On one occasion Horace Mann was the lecturer. It was finally merged into societies of a kindred nature in the several churches, and is still prosecuting its beneficent work in the “ Guild of the First Congregational Parish,” and in the “ Ladies’ Sewing Circles ” of the First and Second evan¬ gelical churches. MILTON FEMALE MISSIONARY SOCIETY. This society was organized in May, 1833, with a membership of forty-three. Its meetings were held monthly at the houses of its members in the different sections of the town. It continued its work for twenty-five years, creating and perpetuating a mis¬ sionary spirit in the church and in the town, and contributing to the advancement of the Gospel in our own and in foreign lands. MILTON SOCIETY OF CHRISTIAN ENDEAVOR. The young people of the First Evangelical Church and Society, influenced by the general movement throughout Massachusetts and Hew England, formed a society of Christian Endeavor, in October, 1886. The society is now in interesting operation, seeking to exert a good and healthful influence over the young- people of the town. The purpose of the society, clearly set forth in its name, is to create and cherish in the heart, and to show forth in the life, the spirit of Christian love; its aim is to go about doing good, especially among those in the morning of life. Meetings, open to all, are held weekly on Monday even¬ ing, in the church, for prayer and mutual benefit. LITERARY SOCIETIES. In the history of the town there have been various literary societies, in which the early citizens engaged. About the year 1826 there was a lyceum called the Dorchester and Milton Lyceum, held in the school-house on River street, Dorchester. Joseph Rowe and Asaph Churchill, of Milton, took an active part in the meetings. Gen. Whitney, Deacon N. C. Martin, and other Milton men were members. Among the Dor¬ chester men were John Bailey, Dr. Richmond, Francis Hilliard, Edmund Baker, Abel Cushing, Davis Capen, also Edmund J. Baker and Charles Breck, now living. The Lyceum continued for three or five years. The exercises consisted of essays, papers, and debates. One question for debate was, whether there should INTERESTING PUBLIC OCCASIONS. 297 be a universal language. Mr. Churchill, who was a good French scholar, maintained that there should be, and that the French language should be the language for this purpose. The Lyceum so voted, and also voted to memorialize Congress to that effect. This was done by Mr. Churchill, who was the committee ap¬ pointed for the purpose-. There was a Milton Lyceum held at the Town-Hall in the winters of 1839-40. James M. Robbins was president, Edmund J. Baker, George Thompson, Joseph Rowe, and others took active part in debates. N. F. Safford delivered a lecture on the “ Greek Revolution.” Various other literary circles, reading clubs, book clubs, and gatherings for intellectual improvement have been held from time to time in the different neighborhoods of the town, and are continued to the present day. INTERESTING PUBLIC OCCASIONS. ORATION IN 1773. On Friday evening the 5 ,h of March 1773, was delivered an Oration at Milton by Mr. Josiah Brown. In this excellent Performance he endeavored to reach the Understanding of his Audience, and seemed to feel with the keenest Sensibility for his opposed Country ; and with a manly & virtuous Boldness defended its Rights. In short, he stood forth as a Champion of the common Rights of Mankind. —Boston Gazette, March 8, 1773. EULOGY ON GENERAL WASHINGTON. Jan. 30, 1800. The second article in the warrant of the town-meeting, held to-day, was as follows: — To see what measures the town will take respecting the Presidential Proclamation with regal’d to observing the 22d of February next in commem¬ oration of the death of General George Washington. The town voted to assemble on said twenty-second day of February. Voted to choose a person to deliver an oration on said day. Mr. Charles Pinckney Sumner was unanimously chosen for the above purpose. The Selectmen were chosen a committee to wait on the Rev. Mr. McKean and Mr. Charles P Sumner, and to request their attendance at the Meeting-house at 2 o’clock, afternoon, on said day. Mr. Sumner’s oration on that occasion, which was considered able and eloquent, and worthy of perusal, was printed by the town, and may be found in “ Milton Documents.” Mr. Sumner at this time was but twenty-four years of age. Four years later, March 5, 1804, he delivered a second address in Milton, on Jefferson and the Republican party. 298 HISTORY OF MILTON. EULOGY ON THE DEATH OF PRESIDENT HARRISON. A committee of the inhabitants of the town of Milton was appointed to make arrangements for taking suitable notice of the death of the President of the United States, William Henry Harrison. Rev. Joseph Angier was appointed orator for the occasion. The town assembled in the Unitarian Church, on Friday, May 14, 1841, and listened to an interesting eulogy pronounced by Mr. Angier. This was printed, and a copy of the same is bound up with the “ Milton Documents ” in the Public Library. CELEBRATION OF NATIONAL INDEPENDENCE. The account of the following celebration is found in the “ Quincy Patriot,” of Saturday, July 17, 1841: — The citizens of Milton, without distinction of party, celebrated the anni¬ versary of our National Independence, on Monday, July 5, 1841. At eight o’clock in the forenoon a cavalcade, numbering about one hundred horses, was formed in front of the Rev. Mr. Angier’s church, under the direction of Samuel Adams, Esq., Chief Marshal of the day, which, pro¬ ceeding through the principal part of the town, arrived about 11 o’clock at his residence, and were entertained by him in a sumptuous and elegant manner. From thence the cavalcade resumed its march, and at 12 o’clock took up the escort of the Pi'esident of the day. Dr. Amos Holbrook, from his mansion, together with the Orator, the Rev.T. M. Clark, of Boston, afterwards Bishop Clark, of Rhode Island, to the town-house, where a beautiful sight awaited its arrival; the children, tastefully dressed and appropriately ar¬ ranged, together with a large concourse of citizens, paraded on the ground, and received the cavalcade in an interesting and imposing manner. A pro¬ cession was then formed, and marched, to the music of the West Randolph band, to the Rev. Mr. Cozzens’ church, where, after a solemn and appro¬ priate prayer by Mr. Cozzens, the oration was pronounced. The procession then formed anew and proceeded to a spacious pavilion, where a large and brilliant assemblage, comprising about three hundred and fifty of both sexes, partook of the liberal refreshments provided, and enjoyed with the utmost harmony the pleasures of social intercourse. Various sentiments, interluded with national songs, were drank with pure iced water and lemonade, and the day terminated without an incident to damp the general joy. We give a few of the volunteer sentiments presented: — By Dr. Holbrook, President of the day: — • “ Our Fathers. By their wisdom in the council and their valor in the field, they laid the foundations of a great republic. May their descendants honorably maintain so invaluable a legacy.” By General Moses Whitney, one of the Vice-Presidents : — “ Our National Independence. Our fathers united to obtain it; may their children and their children’s children ever unite in its celebration.” By Joseph Rowe, Esq., one of the Vice-Presidents : — TWO HUNDREDTH ANNIVERSARY 299 “ Agriculture, Commerce, and Manufactures. The principal and abun¬ dant sources of national wealth and independence; may they duly l'eceive their adequate share of national protection.” By Mr. Caleb Hobart, one of the Vice-Presidents : — “ The Cause of Temperance. May it prosper so long as this is a nation.” By Samuel Adams, Esq., Chief Marshal: — “ The Patriots of the Revolution. There is one present whom we delight to honor.” By President Quincy, of Harvard College : — “ The Town of Milton. Whose fathers contributed their full proportion of the heroes who gained the Independence of our Country, and whose sons have never failed to be true to its principles.” By Dr. Thompson, of Charlestown: — “ The Town of Milton. Its name, its beautiful hills, groves, and water¬ falls, enshrine the genius and memory of the poet; may his noble senti¬ ments live forever in the hearts of its inhabitants.” By Rev. Mr. Cunningham, of Milton : — “ This Temperance Celebration of the Anniversary of our Independence, — in which the champagne has to be smuggled in at the side, whilst the real pleasures march in procession.” By Edmund J. Baker, Esq.: — “ Universal Toleration, Religion, and Temperance. The keystone in the dome of the Temple of Liberty.” By the Rev. Mr. Bent, of Milton: — “"The spot where we are now celebrating our National Independence. So long as we have the temple of religion in our front, and the temple of science in our rear, we may rely on the endurance of what we cele¬ brate.” THE TWO HUNDREDTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE INCORPORATION OF MILTON. Elaborate preparations were made for the observance of this occasion, which occurred June 11, 1862. The morning opened bright and beautiful, and was succeeded by one of the perfect days of June. A large tent was spread between the church and the old Town-House, connected with the latter. The sashes were removed from the windows on the west side of the hall, and steps were erected for ascending and descending, thus opening it to the tent, and furnishing ample room for the great assemblage. It was a grand meeting, from far and near, of old citizens and new, with multitudes of welcome friends and guests, ready to rejoice together in celebrating the long life of the dear old town. At 11 o’clock in the forenoon the services of the occasion were opened. Dr. Morison’s church was filled with an audi¬ ence crowding all available space, and yet it failed to accommo¬ date half of the assemblage. The services in the church were as follows : — 300 HISTORY OF MILTON. ORDER OF EXERCISES. VOLUNTARY ON THE ORGAN. ii. ANTHEM. O be joyful in the Lord, all ye lands; serve the Lord with gladness, and come before His presence with a song. Be ye sure that the Lord He is God ; it is He that hath made us, and not we ourselves ; we are His people and the sheep of His pasture. O go your way into His gates with thanksgiving and into His courts with praise; be thankful unto Him, and speak good of His name. For the Lord is gracious, His mercy is everlasting; and His truth en- dureth from generation to generation. Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Ghost. As it was in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be, world without end. Amen. hi. PRAYER. BY REV. JOHN H. MORISON. IV. BI-CENTENNIAL HYMN. BY MRS. S. D. WHITNEY. [Air: Auld Lang Syne.'] 1. O’er way-posts of two hundred years. Along a living line, Thought flashes back, through smiles and tears. To days of Auld Lang Syne. — To days of Auld Lang Syne, my friends, To days of Auld Lang Syne; Thought flashes back, through smiles and tears. To days of Auld Lang Syne. 2. When o’er a realm of embryo might Great summers came to shine, And searched a wilderness to light The homes of Auld Lang Syne. — The homes of Auld Lang Syne, my friends, The homes of Auld Lang Syne. And searched a wilderness to light The homes of Auld Lang Syne. TWO HUNDREDTH ANNIVERSARY. 301 3. When all our leagues of level rail Lay waiting in the mine, And hardy huntsmen trod the trail, In days of Auld Lang Syne. — In days of Auld Lang Syne, my friends, In days of Auld Lang Syne ; When hardy huntsmen trod the trail. In days of Auld Lang Syne. 4. When hut the hex-aid hues of morn Hope’s blazon might eombine ; Our Flag of Stars was yet unborn In days of Auld Lang Syne. — In days of Auld Lang Syne, my friends, In days of Auld Lang Syne ; Our Flag of Stars was yet unborn In days of Auld Lang Syne. 5. Small need those pilgrim heroes had Of Freedom’s outer sign; Her mighty heart beat high and glad In breasts of Auld Lang Syne ! — In breasts of Auld Lang Syne, my friends, In breasts of Auld Lang Syne ; Her mighty heai*t beat high and glad In breasts of Auld Lang Syne. 6. We trace the centui'ies’ double span, We measure their design, And grasp the greatness that began Far back in Auld Lang Syne. — Far back in Auld Lang Syne, my friends, Far back in Auld Lang Syne ; We grasp the greatness that began Far back in Auld Lang Syne. 7. Where hands are strong and hearts are tx-ue, Still speeds the work divine; To-day is grand with deeds to do, As days of Auld Lang Syne. — As days of Auld Lang Syne, my friends, As days of Auld Lang Syne ; To-day is grand with deeds to do, As days of Auld Syne. 8. And still, with souls like those of yore, Steadfast through stoi-m and shine, God bless us, as he blessed before The men of Auld Lang Syne ! — The men of Auld Lang Syne, my fidends. The men of Auld Lang Syne ; God bless us, as he blessed before The men of Auld Lang Syne! 302 HISTORY OF MILTON. V. ADDRESS. BY HON. JAMES M. ROBBINS. HYMN. [Air: America.~\ 1. My country! ’tis of thee, Sweet land of liberty, Of thee I sing. Land where my fathers died, Land of the Pilgrim’s pride, From every mountain side Let freedom ring. 2. My native country, thee ! Land of the noble free! Thy name I love. I love thy rocks and rills, Thy woods and templed hills, My heart with rapture thrills Like that above. 3. Our fathers’ God, to Thee, Author of liberty, To Thee we sing. Long may our land be bright With freedom’s holy light; Protect us by Thy might, Great God, our King! VII. BENEDICTION. BY REV. ALBERT K. TEELE. From the church the assembly repaired to the pavilion, where tables were spread by the town, furnishing refreshments for all, and strains of sweetest music delighted the ear. Here the remainder of the day was passed in the enjoyment of sentiments, speeches, and festivities suited to the occasion. The address of Mr. Robbins was at once printed, and secured a wide circulation in the town and vicinity. It presents in an interesting way the chief points in our history, and thus saves to the town a small part of that extensive knowledge of the early times and early men of Milton, most of which has passed away with our honored citizen. ANNIVERSARY OF THE SUFFOLK RESOLVES. On the recurrence of the one hundredth anniversarj^ of the passage of the famous Suffolk Resolves, Sept. 9,1874, the citizens of Milton and vicinity assembled in the very building, and in the very rooms, occupied by the illustrious men of revolutionary CORPORATE SEAL OF MILTON. 803 fame, and then adjourning to Johnson’s Hall opposite, joined in an appropriate observance of that memorable occasion. The presiding officer of the meeting was the Hon. Henry L. Pierce, a lineal descendant of Daniel Yose, who was a prominent actor among the delegates, and at whose house they met. The Suffolk Resolves were read by the Hon. Edward L. Pierce, and stirring speeches were made by the Hon. N. F. Safford, Edmund J. Baker, Esq., and other citizens. This was followed by a valuable paper, printed in the “Ded¬ ham Transcript,” Sept. 12, 1874, from the pen of our honored citizen, Nathaniel F. Safford, in which were vividly portrayed incidents and events connected with that remarkable man, the framer of the resolves. CORPORATE SEAL OF MILTON. The Town Seal now in use, and the only authorized seal the town has ever had, was adopted at the annual meeting, March 4, 1878. We here introduce the report of the committee appointed to prepare the same. TOWN SEAL. To the Selectmen of Milton : — Gentlemen, — The undersigned, who were requested by you to prepare a Seal for the Town of Milton, have completed the work, and beg leave to present the following report: -- The duty required of them seemed, at first, small; but in fixing upon a suitable device, and in establishing the same by historical facts, much care and research have been found necessary. They have received valuable assistance from the Library of Harvard College and from the Boston Public Library. They are also indebted, for judicious suggestions and reliable information, to Edmund J. Baker, Esq., a gentleman versed, above others, in our early history. The design represents facts drawn from earlj T times. In the foreground is Neponset river, the original as well as present northern boundary of the town. On the river is represented a small vessel, 304 HISTORY OF MILTON. from which two of the people have just landed to traffic with the Indians, whose wigwams appear on lower part of the shield. The first business of Milton was trading in furs with the Indians. In 1619 William Trevour took possession of the island, now known as Thompson’s Island, for the undoubted purpose of traffic in furs. Seven years later, in 1626, David Thompson, the first recorded settler of Boston Harbor, “obtained a grant and patent for the quiet, peaceable possession” of this island, henceforth known by his name, and established quite an extensive trade with the Neponset Indians, who were famous trappers. The seat of the Neponset Indians was at the head of navigation on the Neponset river. At the falls, which they called Unquety Quissett, they obtained their fish; and the low lands along its tributaries were their trapping-grounds. Unquety was their favored abode. From hence they made excursions down the river to sell their skins ; to the “ Massachusetts Fields,” their planting ground, south of the river; and to Mount Hope, to bury their dead. Their cornfields were found in all parts of our town. The first visit of the “ Pilgrim Fathers ” to Milton was on the 21st of September, A.D. 1621. “ Sept. 18, 1621, ten men left Plymouth, with the Indian Tisquantum as guide and interpreter, to visit the Massachusetts.” They landed first, probably,.at “ Nantasket Head,” and the next day sailed over, and landed at Squantum, so called from their interpreter. On the morning of the 21st they “ marched in arms three miles into the country, where corn had been newly gathered.” This brought them, perhaps, to the locality called “Mount Hope,” the burial-place of their warriors, as proved by the graves, beads, and Indian utensils found there, — beads taken from these graves being now in the possession of Mr. Edmund J. Baker; or among the open lands of East Milton, suited to the culture of corn; proceeding two miles farther, very likely to “ Thacher's Plain,” lying between Brook road and Mattapan street, where, tradition says, the Indians had cornfields, “ they found the women with the corn in heaps, whither they had fled from fear.” At first they were afraid, but soon, the men joining them, “ they were willing to entertain their guests and trade for their skins.” The narrative continues : “ Having well spent the day, we returned to the shallop, the women accompanying us. We promised them to come again, and they to save their skins for us. Thus, with a considera¬ ble quantity of beaver, and a good report of the place, wishing we had been seated there, we returned to our home.” Among the first exports of the Plymouth Colony were two hogsheads of beavei'-skins, by the “ Fortune,” which sailed from Plymouth Dec. 13,1621. In later years Richard Collicut and John Holman, early citizens of Milton, were among the principal Indian traders. On the sinister or left of the shield are represented implements of agriculture, — the plough, scythe, and rake; also a sheaf of wheat, and a few stalks of corn, — emblems of our agricultural town. On the dexter or right of the shield appears a shallop on the stocks. Nehemiah Bourne, the son of a ship-builder of London, came here in the ship business. He owned a part of the land on Milton Hill, between Col. Israel Stoughton and William Hutchinson, running back to the marsh. Bray Wilkins was also an owner of land in this same locality, and interested in the ship business. He received a license from the General Court in 1638 to run a ferry-boat from a point of land between Granite and Neponset bridges, called “ the ridge,” to the Public Landing at Davenport’s Creek, for the accommodation of those who wish to take merchandise to Boston before roads were laid out. Stephen Kingsley, one of the “ precinct inhabitants,” and the first preacher in Milton, lived on the Nathan Babcock estate; he owned the whole tract of land from thence south- CORPORATE SEAL OF MILTON. 305 easterly to Gulliver’s Creek. Anthony Gulliver married a daughter of Stephen Kingsley, and came into possession of a part of the Kingsley estate; and from him the Landing took its name. Anthony Gulliver and Stephen Kingsley also purchased, Feb. 26, 1656, of Richard Hutchinson and Edward Hutchinson, sons and heirs of Richard Hutchinson, of London, a large tract of land bounded northerly on Gulliver’s Creek. — Suffolk Registry , Lib. 3, Fol. 5. In 1640 Gulliver’s Landing was laid out, for the convenience of the in¬ habitants who were ship-builders, and was the port of the town. Gulliver’s Creek, now but ten feet wide at the landing, was then a navigable stream, where vessels of forty tons could be passed. Governor Winthrop built the first vessel, of about thirty tons, called the “Blessing of the Bay,” at Medford, launched July 4, 1631. Soon after vessels of small size, called shallops, were built at or near Gulliver’s Land¬ ing, and the business was continued there for many years. Among the early citizens engaged in this occupation are the following names: Will¬ iam Salsbury, Anthony Newton, Walter Morey, and Nicholas Ellen. On the upper part of the shield, in the distance, appear the Blue Hills of Milton. The crest is an exact representation of the north-western view of the ancient church of Milton Abbey, in Dorsetshire, England. This requires a careful and minute explanation. Milton Abbas, or Abbey Milton, is situated in Dorsetshire, six miles south-west from Blandford, and about ten miles north-east from Dorchester. It lies in a deep vale enclosed by very deep, chalky hills on the north and south. Its first name was Middletown, from the fact of its location in the centre of the county. In process of time the name was contracted to Mil- ton, which name it has borne for many centuries. The earliest mention made of it was in the reign of King Athelstan, who founded an abbey here, and brought it into repute. This abbey was founded in A.D. 938 ; imme¬ diately thereupon the town rose in importance ; and, in the ancient time of “ Abbatial grandure,” was the central market of the county. “In the year 1309, Sept. 2d, a terrible storm of lightning happened about eight o’clock in the evening, and the church of Middleton, bell- tower and bells, were, by the lightning burned down and destroyed.” It was rebuilt in 1310-11, and has remained to the present century in all its ancient grandeur. Feb. 23, A.D. 1539, the 31st of Henry VIII., the King granted to John Tregonwell, Esq., for £1,000, and resigning a pension of £10 per annum, the site of Milton Abbey. In 1752 it was sold by the Tregonwell heirs to Joseph Damer, created Lord Milton in 1753, and Earl of Dorchester in .1792. In the time of the Earl of Dorchester a large part of the ancient pile was demolished, but the church remained unchanged. In the year 1814, Hon James M. Robbins, one of this committee, passed leisurely through the whole county of Dorsetshire. Riding from Dorches¬ ter toward Milton, and making inquiries of a fellow-traveller respecting the country and inhabitants, his attention was directed to the mansion of Esquire Tucker, a member of Parliament, and a man of note in the county. He learned, moreover, that the Tucker family was a numerous and influen¬ tial family in that section. The proximity of these familiar towns, together with the mention of a family so common at home, sent his thoughts across the waters to the old Milton, of Massachusetts, and suggested a clew to the origin of the name of our town. Robert Tucker came to Weymouth, Mass., about the time of the incor 306 HISTORY OF MILTON. poration of that town. He is supposed to have accompanied a party that came to New England about 1635 with the Rev. Mr. Hull, from the vicin¬ ity and town of Weymouth, Dorsetshire; and to the place before called Wassagusset they gave the name of Weymouth. He held office in Wey¬ mouth for several years, and thence moved to Gloucester, where he was Town Recorder, and back again to Weymouth. He came to Milton about 1662, and, the supposition is, was preceded by some of his family, as he purchased a large tract of land on “ Brush Hill,” in 1663, bounded westerly on land of James Tucker, supposed to be his oldest son. He was the first Town Recorder; was selectman for several years; and represented the town at the General Court for the years 1680 and 1681. The argument is, that Robert Tucker, or, if not he, others who came from the same locality, and perhaps through his influence, followed the very common custom of naming the towns in the new world, from those with which they were familiar, and from their homes in the old world. Milton, of Dorset, at the time they left England, retained something of its ancient importance and renown. Our fathers had already appropriated Dorchester, Weymouth, and other towns of Old England as names for these new towns ; it is natural to con¬ clude that they chose the name of Milton for this town from the famed old Milton, of Dorsetshire. Your committee believe this to be the origin of the name of this town. They have, therefore, adopted as a crest of the shield, a view of the ancient Church of Milton Abbey. The motto, which appears on the scroll, is selected from the sixth line of the First Eclogue of Virgil, — “Deus nobis ieec otia fecit.” “ God has given us this tranquillity — or these pleasant things ,” which was thought to be appropriate to our beautiful town. All of which is respectfully submitted, ALBERT K. TEELE, JAMES M. ROBBINS, CHARLES BRECK. CHANGES. In this era of genealogical research some new points have been discovered respecting the birthplace of Robert Tucker since the above report was presented, which would lead us to modify the report, but in no important sense to change its con¬ clusions regarding the origin of the name of our town. As will be seen in the chapter on “ Incorporation, Name, and Boundaries,” it is probable that Robert Tucker, referred to in the report, was born in Milton-next-Gravesend, county of Kent. If this is so, the ground-work of the argument in the report, referring to the origin of the name of the town, which is there only supposition, becomes almost certainty; and these revela¬ tions render it even more probable that Robert Tucker and his associates were influential in giving our town the name of Milton, from the home of their ancestry and birth in the old country. POST-OFFICES. 307 Had this been earlier known, the committee might have adopted as the crest of the shield the front of the ancient Mil- ton-next-Gravesend Church, now five hundred and thirty-two years old. And yet, what more fitting to embellish the munici¬ pal seal of our Milton than a representation of the famed Milton Abbey, founded A.D. 938; the name of which has been sound¬ ing abroad for near a thousand years, until twenty towns in the old country have adopted it, and the people, in grateful remem¬ brance of their childhood’s home, have brought it with them to this new land, where thirty-two towns have appropriated the name, the first and oldest of which is believed to be our own municipality? “MILTON NEWS.” “ The Milton News,” a weekly paper, was established at Milton village about five years ago. Two years after it started the paper passed into the hands of W. A. Woodward, who is still the editor and proprietor. It has had a constantly increasing list of subscribers, and meets a needed want as the medium for local advertisement and the vehicle of town news. POST-OFFICES. As the early records at Washington were destroyed by fire, it is impossible to ascertain, from official sources, the exact date of the establishment of the first post-office ‘in Milton. The office is known to have been in existence in 1801, or before. Dr. Samuel R. Glover was the first postmaster. It was located at the Lower Mills in the “ Stanle} r House,” then a public house kept by Mrs. William Badcock. The mail was brought by a carrier, on horseback; it was packed in a small travelling-bag, which also contained the mails of other towns. It was re¬ ceived once a week, on Thursday. Dr. Glover was succeeded by Gen. Moses Whitney, who was appointed Dec. 19, 1805, and held the office until 1817. Under his administration the office was kept in the building now owned by Robert Gordon, on the corner of Adams street and Canton avenue. Nathan C. Martin was the third postmaster; he was ap¬ pointed Nov. 4, 1817; he kept the office in his store, just north of the railroad, until 1839 ; he was succeeded by Edmund J. Baker, who was appointed April 1,1839, and kept the office, first, in a building standing where Chapman and 308 HISTORY OF MILTON. Strangeman’s shops are, and afterwards in the building which stood on the site of Associates Hall, in which the Public Library was first located. George Thompson followed Mr. Baker as fifth postmaster, Jan. 19,1844, and continued in office until May 29, 1849. Mr. Martin was reappointed as the successor of Mr. Thomp¬ son, and held the office until his death, Aug. 26, 1864, making the entire term of his service about thirty-seven years. Oct. 20, 1864, Louis N. Tucker received the appointment, but de¬ clined to serve. The seventh postmaster was Henry Pope, who kept the of¬ fice in a part of the building now the provision-store of George Everett; at his decease, in 1880, his widow, Mrs. Abigail F. Pope, was appointed postmistress of Milton, and soon after the office was removed to its present locality in “ Associates Build¬ ing.” Mrs. Pope died in 1883, while in office, and was succeeded by the present incumbent. Henry A. Pope, the ninth postmaster of Milton, commis¬ sioned July 16, 1883. At this office there are morning, noon, and evening mails sent out and received. EAST MILTON POST-OFFICE. A post-office was established at East Milton in April, 1872, with J. William Babcock as postmaster. It is now in charge of Josiah Babcock as postmaster, appointed 1879; at this of¬ fice mails arrive and leave three times daily. BLUE H ILL POST-OFFICE. A post-office was established April 1, 1874, on Canton ave¬ nue, near Harland street, named “ Blue Hill.” Stillman L. Tucker was appointed postmaster. It sends out and receives one mail daily, at six o’clock P.M., through the Mattapan office. DORCHESTER AND MILTON BANK. The Dorchester and Milton Bank was incorporated by an act of the Legislature passed March 17, 1832; capital stock, $100,000. The persons named in the act of incorporation were as follows: Moses Whitney, Darius Breftver, Samuel Bridge, Caleb Hobart, Robert P. Tolman, Abel Cushing, and Asaph Churchill. DORCHESTER AND MILTON BANK. 809 The subscribers to the stock met on the 2d day of April, 1832, and accepted the Act of Incorporation, adopted a Code of By-Laws, and elected the fol¬ lowing-named persons Directors, yiz.: —Joseph Rowe, Moses Whitney, Caleb Hobart, Gridley Bryant, of Milton, Darius Brewer, Cheever Newhall. Robert P. Tolman, and Enoch Baldwin, of Dorchester, Josiah Brigham, of Quincy, Leonard Everett, of Canton, and James Littlefield, of Stoughton. The first meeting of the directors was held April 30, 1832. The board was organized by the election of Moses Whitney as President; and at a meeting held May 22, 1832, Hananiah Temple was elected Cashier. The Directors leased the rooms over Mr. R. P. Tolman’s store in Dorchester for the uses and purposes of the bank, at a rental of $70 per annum. After the organization of the Board of Directors, and such other prelim¬ inary forms as were required bylaw, the bank opened its doors for business on the 7th day of July, 1832. June 7, 1836, H. Temple resigned his office as Cashier. June 14, 1836, Joseph L. Hammond was elected Cashier. Sept. 29, 1848, Joseph L. Hammond vacated his office as Cashier. E. J. Bispham was appointed Cashier pro tem. At a meeting of the stockholders held on the 11th day of October, 1848, the following-named persons were elected Directors, viz.: Darius Brewer, E. J. Bispham, William Pierce, Roswell Gleason, Hananiah Temple, E. J. Baker, Asaph Churchill, and Tho. Liversidge. At a meeting of the Directors on the 17th of October, 1848, H. Temple was elected President, and E. J. Bispham was elected Cashier. On the night of June 1, 1850, the bank vault was forcibly entered by burglars, and $31,921.57 of funds of the bank stolen therefrom. March 28, 1851. Name of bank changed from “Dorchester and Milton Bank” to “Blue Hill Bank, of Dorchester,” and the capital increased to $150,000. Oct., 1853. H. Temple, President, resigned the office of President and director, and Asaph Churchill was elected President. At the annual meeting, Oct. 3, 1864, it was voted to organize the Blue Hill Bank as a national institution under the United States banking laws, and provision so to do was obtained from the government. December, 1864, the organization was effected, and the capital increased to $200,000. Sept., 1867. The bank was entered by three burglars, at about 12 o’clock M. The Cashier was struck down, gagged, and bound, and the bank robbed of about $20,000 of bonds and money. 1872. The bank removed to building erected for its use on the corner of Washington and Richmond streets, Dorchester, and the capital was increased to $300,000. 1876, Jan. Asaph Churchill resigned the office of President, and was succeeded in that office by E. J. Bispham. Mr. Bispham having re¬ signed the office of Cashier, Mr. S. J. Willis was elected Cashier. 1879. The capital was reduced $100,000, leaving the capital stock $ 200 , 000 . 1882. The name of “ Blue Hill National Bank, of Dorchester,” was changed to the name of “Blue Hill National Bank, of Milton,” and the bank was removed to rooms in Associates Building in Milton. The bank building was sold to the city of Boston. 310 HISTORY OF MILTON. MILTON HORSE-THIEF SOCIETY. As the Milton society for apprehending horse-thieves, and the recovery of stolen horses, is one of our old and very useful societies, we have thought that a brief history of its use and progress might be interesting to the citizens of the town, as well as to its members. It was one of the many societies started nearly seventy years ago for the mutual protection of its members against the crime of horse-stealing, which, at that time, was very much more prev¬ alent than at present. Those whose memory runs back to the time of its formation know that horse-stealing was then a very common affair, so much so that the wise heads of the time thought proper to establish this society. It was formed Feb. 15, 1819, and a constitution and by-laws were adopted for the government of the society. It started with about sixty-four members, all of whom are now dead. There have since been added to the society about four hundred and twenty-six, making about four hundred and ninety in all. About two hundred of these are now living. There has been paid into the treasury since its formation about $500 for membership. Since the society was formed there have been but seven horses stolen from its members, all of vvhich have been recovered by the society. The expenses of the society thus far have been, for the re¬ covery of horses, pay of treasurer, clerk, and printing, about $834; cash on hand, $250; whole amount, $1,082, — which shows that our treasurers, one of whom managed the funds for forty years, have neither run off nor defaulted. Since the formation of the society it has had eight different presidents: BarneyGhnith, two years; John Haggles, twenty years ; MosiahdPairban-k, two years ; A. 'TAFreneh,-three years ; ‘-Ghgyles^Breyk, ten years; Dana Tucker, five years; Samhel Cdek, seven years; Geo. K. Gannett, the present incumbent, eighteen years. It has had six treasurers : Jedediah Atherton, six years; Lemuel Babcock, ten years; Jeremiah Crehore, two years ; C. C. Crehore, six years ; T. T. Wadsworth, forty years; E. D. Wadsworth, the present one, three years. It has had nine clerks: Wm. Crehore,four years ; Ebenezer Billings, one year; Benjamin Turner, five years; Nathaniel Davenport, three years; C. F. Bronsdon, one year; Dana Tucker, twelve years; Timothy Tucker, seventeen years; Charles Breck, the present one, twenty-five years. FIRE DEPARTMENT. 311 FIRE DEPARTMENT. The earliest recorded movement in the direction of a fire department was the formation of a society called the “Fire- ward Society oe Dorchester and Milton” in 1793. Indi¬ viduals on both sides of the river united in the purchase of a fire-engine for the benefit of the estates of share-owners. One share represented a hundredth part of the engine and fund of the society. A certificate of the membership is seen below: — T HIS entitles to one Share or Hundredth Part of the Engine and Fund of the Fireward Society in Dorchefler and Milton , and to be a Member of the faid Society, according to their articles agreed upon for the relief of thofe who may be diftreffed with calamitous Fire. Committee. fan* The towns of Dorchester and Milton joined in the enterprise by exempting members of the company from military duty, and afterwards by refunding the poll-tax to each member. In Mil- ton, some years later, this was changed to an annual salary for each member, first of five, and then of ten dollars. The first machine was a small hand-engine, filled by leather buckets, which were ranged along the poles of the engine. Members of the society and chief citizens owned two or more of these fire-buckets, which were generally hung in the front hall of the house, for ready use. 812 HISTORY OF MILTON. The “ Fountain ” was the first suction-engine in the vicinity. This was located near the end of the bridge, on the Dorchester side, and afterwards near the stable of Brock & Crane, on Adams street. It was manned by thirty-two men from Milton, with an equal number from Dorchester. At a later date the “Alert,” a Dorchester engine, was located on the Milton side, between the river and the trench, at Mattapan ; this, too was manned, in part, by Milton men, and was ready for the protection of Milton property. No other provision was made by the town of Milton for protection against fire for the next fifty years. HYDRANT ENGINE. In 1845 the hydrant engine was purchased by the town, at the cost of $1,200, and in connection with this the Granite Hook and Ladder Company was formed. The engine-house was located on Adams street, East Milton, just south of Gulliver’s brook. In 1873 it was removed to its present location on Granite avenue. ninety’s hose company. In 1845 the town purchased two hundred and fifty feet of hose to use in connection with the pump at Webb & Twombly’s mill, and in 1848 the Ninety’s Hose Company was formed. It took its name from the “ 87 Hose Company ” spoken of in “ Doesticks,”—a volume issued about that time. In 1861 pipes were laid from the mill to Canton avenue, and six hydrants were located. The Ninety’s are in charge of this village sec¬ tion, and have done valuable service at several village fires. CHEMICAL ENGINE. A chemical engine was purchased by the town in 1881, cost¬ ing $2,000; and an engine-house was built on the land belong¬ ing to the town in the rear of the Town-Hall, at the expense of $3,195. FIRE-ALARM TELEGRAPH. The fire-alarm telegraph was erected through the town in 1882-3. It consists of twenty-three miles of wire; eighteen signal-boxes ; two tower bell-strikers; and five six-inch gongs, with a battery power of seventy-two jars. RESERVOIRS. There are six reservoirs in town, in the following places : One at the Town-Hall, one on Central avenue, near the opening of TOWN PROPERTY. 313 the street now in process of building. Four at East Milton, located as fallows: on Granite place; at the corner of Adams and Mechanic’s streets ; at the corner of Mechanic’s street and Granite avenue ; and at the corner of Adams street and Granite avenue. At the March meeting of the town, 1887, an appropriation was voted for the purchase of a steam fire-engine, and also for a suitable engine-house. The building is now being erected at Milton Centre, on the town land, near the Chemical Engine House. PRESENT CONDITION OF MILTON FIRE DEPARTMENT. The present condition of our fire department may be learned from the last report of William S. Leavitt, Chief Engineer. The organization of the department consists of a Board of four Engineers and a Chief Engineer. Manual Force. The manual force of the department consists of eighty-one members — one driver of the Chemical Engine, and eighty call men, distributed as follows : — Hydrant Engine.forty-five men. Granite Hook and Ladder . . . twenty-five men. Chemical Engine.five men. Ninety’s Hose.five men. Apparatus. The apparatus now in the service consists of one engine ; one hook and ladder truck; one chemical engine, with two horses; three hose-jumpers ; and one supply wagon. TOWN PROPERTY. In addition to the town farm and buildings, the town-hall, school-houses, engines, engine-houses, lock-up, gravel-pits, stone- crusher and engine, fire-alarm telegraph, with the land under and around the same and the equipments and appurtenances thereunto belonging, the town owns two landing-places. One is at East Milton, known as Gulliver’s Landing, laid out by Dorchester in 1658, at first embracing two or more acres of land at the mouth of Gulliver’s Creek. This has belonged to Milton for two hundred and twenty years, during all which time it has been useless and unproductive, yielding little, if any, income to the town ; only serving as a bathing-place for boys. The other landing-place is at the Lower Mills, or Milton village. The condition of this was but little better than that of 314 HISTORY OF MILTON. Gulliver’s Landing. It had fallen into disuse and had gone to decay, and, being considered public property, had been made a place of deposit for all the rubbish of the village. In this condition of things an act was obtained from the Legislature, putting it into the hands of commissioners, to be chosen annually, three from Dorchester and three from Milton, who were to have entire control of the landing-place, and to improve it as best they could without calling on the towns for money. After years of labor the commissioners succeeded in putting the property into such condition as to meet all expenditures in repairs and betterments, and to accumulate quite a sum for contemplated improvements in new wharves ; and at this junc¬ ture another act was passed by the Legislature taking the landing-place out of the hands of the commissioners, and plac¬ ing it under the control of the town of Milton. By the judicious and energetic management of the commis¬ sioners, the property which they had received as worthless, and almost a nuisance, was delivered up to the town in good condi¬ tion and yielding an annual income of $225, besides six shares of the Blue Hill National Bank, and a balance in cash of $5.41. The estimated value of the town property, real and personal, by the appraisal of 1886, is $156,549.45. VARIOUS TOWN VOTES. Ladders — For as much as the Select men find by experience that divers houses are in danger to be burned, and the danger is many times greater for want of ladders near at hand, it is therefore ordered by the Select men that every householder within o r towne shall have a sufficient ladder that shall reach the top of his house stand at his dwelling house by the last day of the fifth month next, on penalty of ten shillings, and if any such pei'- son as aforesaid shall refuse or neglect to get a ladder as aforesaid, by the aforesaid time, every such person shall forfeit ten shillings to the town’s use and five shillings for every month after. Milton, Feb. 24, 1670. Whipped — At a Town Meeting in Milton the 8th of Decemb r 1673 Dinah Sylvester was. whipped with 20 stripes Being appointed thereto by the County Court, in the presence of the Select men, and presently after Ed¬ ward Vose Constable did deliver her and her child to the Select men to be provided for. Horses — At a Meeting of the Select men 18, 12, 1679 It was voted that all horses that go upon Common within our town be sufficiently fastened or shackeled by the first day of May on penalty of 2 3 6 a pees except colts under one year old, so that if any horses as aforesaid be taken in common within half a mile of any corn field within our town it shall be lawful for any inhabitant of our town to pound any such horses in the common pound. Swine — At a meeting of the Select men 20 : 12: 1679 It was ordered that all swine shall be sufficiently yoked, and also all swine that dow VARIOUS TOWN VOTES. 315 damnify pasture or meadow by routing, persons complaininge, the own¬ ers of the aforesaid swine shall ringe them sufficiently on penalty of six pence a swine for every time of so doing damage. The yoke shall be six inches about the neck and three inches below the lower ford. Lanslet Perse shall be Hayward of the Pound in Milton. Black Birds — 1740 March 10. Voted that from the first of April 1740 to the fifteenth day of June following, any person that belongs to the town of Milton shall kill any grown Crow Black Birds, shall have four pence a piece out of the Town Treasury as a reward for killing and destroying the Same, and for every Red winged or hen of the smaller size two pence a piece, they being killed in the Town of Milton and they bringing to the Town Treasurer the upper part of the head and bill of each bird so killed within the time above s d , and no reward shall be given for any after the time is Expired, nor for any that shall be killed before the time begins. Voted in the Affirmative. Deer —1740 March 10.—Joseph Hunt & Benjamin Crane were chosen to prosecute any person that should violate or break an Act or law of this Province entitled an Act or Law for the better preservation or increase of Deer, and to take care that the violators thereof be duly prosecuted and punished. Ne iiemiah Clap, Town Clerk. Dogs — July 8, 1755. Voted that if any persons shall let their Dog or Dogs come to the Meeting House more than once on the Sabbath Days they shall pay one shilling or forfeit their dogs. Oeese — March 12, 1756. Voted that Geece be not sufferred to go at large from the first day of April next till the last day of October next Voted that four pence be paid by the owner of the Geece, for each Goose found going at large between the dates to the person finding the goose at large. Battle Snakes — March 4, 1757. Voted that one shilling be allowed and paid out of the treasury of the town as a bounty for each Rattle Snake killed in the Town this year to the person that shall kill any Rattle Snake in this Town and bring the rattles and one inch of the Taile joyning to the rattles to either of the Select men of this town, who shall keep the rattles to them so brought. Shire Town —March 10, 1760. Voted to Chuse a Committee to join with the Committees of other towns to petition the Great and Genei'al Court for a division of the County of Suffolk, Samuel Miller Esq. William Tucker and Mr Josiah How was chose a committee for that purpose. Voted that this Committee do what they can, that this Town of Milton be the Sheire Town. Store — March 9, i761. Voted to choose a Committee to agree with Mr Henry Stone of Stoughton about setting up a Store House on the south side of the Neponset River between the widow Jenkins house and the Great Bridge. Salt Peter — Voted to take the article in the warrant relating to the manufacture of Salt Peter into consideration. Dr Samuel Gardner, Mr Josiah Vose and Mr Stephen Badcock were chosen a committee on this article — at a subsequent meeting the committee reported, that they think it advisable for the Town to Set up the works, and to employ such per¬ son or persons to cany it on as they shall think proper; and recommend it to the inhabitants to encourage every private person that inclines to set it up. Notices — The 21 of March, 1776. Surtain town orders was by the 316 HISTORY OF MILTON. Select mens order drawn out of this book to be posted up at the Meeting House — as namely The first about the setting up of fence. — 2 a about Swine. — 3 d about hors- cese. —4 th about opening gats or bars set on ways. — 5 th about anoyance of wais. 6 th about sheep going with a keeper, and set up according to order. Negro Slaves —Under the order passed Nov 19, 1754. That the Assessors of the several towns & districts within the Province send to the Secretaries office the exact number of the Negro Slaves both male & female sixteen years old and upwards that are within their towns & districts the following returns were made from Milton: — Milton, December 12, 1754. We the subscribers Assessors in obedience to the within written order, have taken account of the Negro Slaves both male & female that are six¬ teen years old and upward, and find in the Town of Milton fifteen males and four females and no more that we know of. Nathaniel Houghton, h Assessors Benj a Wadsworth, > of William Tucker, ) Milton. Dog's Heads — “ Voted to pay $2.00 a head for all dogs going at large and not being muzzled from Dec. 18, 1818, to Dec. 18, 1849.”—In ac¬ cordance with this vote seventeen dogs’ heads were brought to the Town Treasurer within the period limited, for which he paid a bounty of $34.00. SCHOOLS. 317 CHAPTER XI. SCHOOLS. UR fathers were positively religious. The church and provisions for sustaining tfye gospel ministry received their first attention. Next came the education of the children and youth. So deeply were they impressed with the importance of education, for the best good of their children, and for the future well-being of the community and country they were building up around them, that this subject never failed to receive earnest consideration. In the public deliberations of the town, as appears from our records, the discussions regard¬ ing schools were of more frequent occurrence, and awakened a deeper interest than any other topic, except the church. At first the privileges were very limited, by reason of the poverty of the people and the wide separation of families, and yet the opportunities of education, even then, fairly met the needs of the town. A full and continuous narrative of the beginning and progress of the public and private schools of Milton through its long life of two hundred and twenty-five years would only suffice to meet the demands of this important subject on the historian ; while we are confined to single facts and individual cases scattered here and there through the years of the past, and are compelled to rest on general statements. It would also be of the deepest interest to reproduce here a full roll of the noble men and women who have been engaged as teachers during the lapse of these centuries. We are able to present a perfect list of all our teachers for the last forty years, but when we go deeper into the past it is possible to glean only here and there a name from the multitudes who have dis¬ appeared. Our knowledge extends far enough, however, to make it evident that eminent and learned men and women have been among those whom we claim as Milton teachers. SCHOOL LOT. In the year 1670 the town of Milton petitioned the “fathers and brethren ” of Dorchester for a tract of the common land 318 HISTORY OF MILTON. lying in Stoughton, for the benefit of the Milton schools. In 1706 the land was granted, and the “School Lot” of one hun¬ dred and fifty acres, situated in Stoughton, was set off to Milton. This proved to be a tract of unproductive land, yielding but slight income to the schools, and after holding it for seventy- five years it was sold by the town in 1782. March 12 th 1781 Edward H. Robbins, Capt. James Boies andCapt. Josiah Yose were chosen a committee with full power to sell the town’s school lot, so called, lying in Stoughton, and to give a good deed or deeds to the pur¬ chasers in the name and behalf of the town. GLIMPSES OE EARLIEST SCHOOLS. Among the earliest records relating to schools we find the following: — March 4, 1669 Insign Ebenezer Tucker was chose scoole master for the west end of the town to teach children and youth to reed and write and he excepted the same. Thomas Yose was chosen scoole master for the East end of the town to teach children and youth to write, he excepting the same. 1702 May 25 The Select Men did indent and agree with Insign Ebenezer Clap to keep a writing school from this time till the public Town Meeting next March, and if but few came at any time, he does engage to sett them copies, but if at any time so many as 7 or 8 or more do come together, he will attend them and instruct them, and the said select men do Ingage in behalf of the town that he shall be paid for his so doing one penny for every copy in quarto, he bringing his account to the Select men. Thomas Yose, Clark. 1711, March 10. “It was voted that there should be a school-house built.” The presumption is that this vote was not carried into effect, as seven years later two school-houses were built, at such points as would seem to accommodate all the people. Milton the 17 December 1711 the Select men agreed with Mr Pamiter of Brantry to kepe scoole in Milton to instruct the children and youth to Read and Wright, and to begin the 18 of December Ensueing the date hereof and to continue to the 18 of March next ensuing, and for his so doing he is to have ten shillings per week for soporting himself unless he can be Dy- ated for less than four shillings per weke, then the said Pamiter is to abate so much of the ten shillings a week for his Dyat — and if he be wanting at any time, then he is to abate proporcionable out of his wages. Entered by me Ephraim Tucker, Town Clerk. SCHOOL-HOTISES. I can learn of only one school in Milton before the opening SCHOOLS. 319 of the eighteenth century which could be called a town school. Without doubt there were small schools in families and neigh¬ borhoods, kept in private houses, of which there was no record. March 17, 1718. It was voted that there shall be two school-houses built for the use of the town. It was voted that the school-house that is to be built for the east end of the town, shall be built as near the Smiths Shop as may be with convenieney. Except land may be had be low Samuel Swifts house to sit it on. It was voted that the school-house that is to be built for the west end of the town shall be set on the land of Manasseh Tucker, near Mr. Higby’s old house. It was voted that the School-houses that are to be built shall be 18 feet in length and 14 ft in width and six ft between joints. [At a subsequent meeting the same year these dimensions were changed to 20 ft. in length and 14 ft. in breadth.] It was voted that there shall be two committys to take care that the school-houses be built. Sirgant Whit Samuel Swift and John Badcock were chosen a comity to take care that the school-hous in the East end of the town be built. “Lieut. Uos, Benjamin ffenno and Ebenezer Tucker were chose a comity to take care that the school-hous in the West End of the town be built. It was voted that the timber to build the school-houses shall be cut in the Church land, with Mr Thacher’s consent. It was voted that the select men shall agree with Mr John Kinsley or som other to keep school al the year. May 19. It was voted that the claw-boards and shingles that were provided to cover our meeting-house and not used shall be improved to cover our school-houses. Up to this time it is supposed there had been but one school- house in Milton, located near the head of Churchill’s lane. This, perhaps, was the first meeting-house utilized as a school- house after the building of the second meeting-house on the Robert Yose lot in 1671. The “ smith’s shop ” was not far from this point on Milton Hill, and the new school-house was to be near the shop, unless land could be obtained below the house of Samuel Swift, which stood in the rear of Mr. Dudley’s barn. Judge Sewall, in the account of the funeral of Rev. Peter Thacher, Dec. 22, 1727, says: “From thence went directly to the Hill, where is the smith’s shop.” The school-house at the west end of the town was on Brush Hill, a little south of the house of Mr. William M. Ferry, quite near Brush Hill road. Schools had been kept in both extremities of the town, but in such places as could be procured for the purpose, as appears from the following record : — June 1712. Voted that there shall be a school kept in the East & West ends of the town as they shall agree about the place wher, and to be kept in equal shares one end with the other, and the charg to be provided bv the town. Again, in 1713: 320 HISTORY OF MILTON. Voted that there shall be a school master for the two winter quarters and proportioned as may be most convenient for the instruction of the youth of the town. Ephraim Tucker was appointed school master the same day. PERIOD OF WARS. At this time there were one hundred and seventy tax-payers, with a population of about five hundred. These two schools sufficed to meet the needs of the town for fifty years. During this period the inhabitants were involved in the French and Indian wars, affecting the remotest dependencies of England and France. The New England colonies took up the quarrel against the French settlement with all the earnestness of a per¬ sonal conflict, knowing that France was bent on their con¬ quest. Milton contributed her full quota, and sent some of her best men on the expeditions planned for these protracted cam¬ paigns. But little time or money was left for home interests or improvements, only sufficient to meet the bare necessities of the town and the family. In 1763 a treaty was ratified at Paris that put an end to the intercolonial wars, and thence the course of history leads from bloody conflicts to peaceful pursuits. NEW PROGRESS. The population of Milton had increased to seven hundred and fifty, prosperity had returned, and the thoughts of the people were turned to their own home interests. Three school-houses were built about this time, as appears from the records : — May 16, 1768. Voted to accept the report of the committee for school affairs so far as to build two school-houses: viz. one on Mr Isaac How’s land opposite the burying place twenty feet by twenty-four; for this a tract of land was conveyed to the Town by Isaac How May 13, 1769 ; the other on Widow Patience Vose’s land where formerly stood a blacksmiths shop. Voted to build a school-house in that part of the town called Scott’s Woods sixteen by twenty. Voted to choose committees to build the school-houses. 1st for the east end of the town Mr Josiah How, Mr William Badcock and Mr Daniel Vose : 2d for the West End of the town, Ebenezer Tucker, Capt. Lemuel Bent, Lieut. Samuel Davenport: 3d for Scott’s Woods Stephen Miller Esq. Deacon Benjamin Wadsworth and Mr. Joseph Houghton. Voted that the committee to build the school house at the west end of the town have power to move thirty rods from the above- mentioned spot in case they can have a piece of land given sufficient for the purpose. Voted that the Committees chosen to build the school houses let them out to such persons as will build them the cheapest, on Monday the 30th day of this instant May at three oclock in the afternoon at the house SCHOOLS. 321 of Mr William Badcoek inn-holder in Milton. Voted that Grammar schools be kept in two of the above said houses. School wood to be found in the following manner: each schollar at his or her entering one foot of wood, or one shilling and four pence L. money in cash between the first of November, and the last of April. Recorded by Amariah Blake Town Clerk. The school-house for the east end of the town stood on the west side of Churchill’s lane, opposite the cemetery, on the Hunt estate, a short distance north of the barn. This was burned down eleven years after it was built, as we learn from the following record: — March 1. 1779 Voted to build a school house in the east end of the Town near the Liberty Pole similar to the one burned down opposite the burying ground. March 24 1783 It was voted to rebuild the school house lately burned near the burying ground. There is no record of its being rebuilt. The house at the west end stood on a knoll, now covered with cedars, on the west side of Canton avenue, north of the house of the late John D. Bradlee. Subsequently this old school- house was moved to Brush Hill turnpike, near “ Davenport’s Pond,” and was occupied by Josiah Cotton and his family, the faithful servants of Isaac Davenport, and for many years the only colored family in Milton. The Scott’s Woods school-house stood at the end of a lane nearly opposite Harland street and the residence of Mr. Kennedy. It was moved in 1852, and is now the dwelling- house of Luther A. Ford. Thus, at this early period there were five school-houses lo¬ cated in the different points of the town, and affording opportu¬ nities for attending school, as to distance, nearly as good as now enjoyed. SCHOOL DISTRICTS. In 1785 the town was divided into school districts or wards. Oct. 3, 1785 The East end of the town to form one district; the meet¬ ing house being the Center: north west Mr Thachers farm so called, and Mr Shepards ; South East from the Meeting house to Braintree line: _ Second District — from Mr Boises to Pauls Bridge [Mattapan & Brush Hill]. Third District — from Mr Stephen Clapps to Mr William Daven¬ port’s [From Meeting house to Canton line]. Fourth Distinct — from Mr Reeds to Mr Seth Cranes including the farm which Mr Gay lives on [from Reeds Lane to Canton line— Scotts Woods.] Voted that the Grammar School shall be kept six months at the east end of the town; three months on Brush Hill and three months in Middle 322 HISTORY OF MILTON. Street. [Canton Avenue.] That Scotts Woods draw an equal proportion of money according to their taxes, provided the same is expended in keep¬ ing school, and shall be free from the expense of a Grammar School, but may have the privilege of sending latin scholars to the West end of the town and no others ; that Brush Hill draw twenty seven pounds from the Town Treasurer to build a School house and Middle Street the same sum for the same purpose. At all the grammar schools “Masters” were employed, com¬ petent to give instruction in Latin and fit boys for college. All other schools were commonly taught by “ Dames.” It is presumed that new school-houses were built at the above date for Brush Hill and Canton avenue, or Middle street, and in the locations before occupied, as money was appropriated to this purpose, which, in those days, was done only under stress of necessity, and as no further move was made for building school-houses in the west end of the town until 1812, when the “ Old Brick ” was built. March 9 1812 Voted that the two west wards be united in one, on pe¬ tition of Oliver Houghton. Voted to grant the west district one hundred dollars towards building a school house in said ward. These school-houses were all provided with teachers, — “masters” in the winter, and “dames” in the summer; and before the close of the last century the school terms occupied nearly as much of the year as our schools do at the present time. May 9, 1791. Voted to provide a suitable school master qualified agree¬ able to law to keep school at the east end of the town ten months in the year, and also to provide a womans school six months in the year in the East end at such places as the select men shall think proper: and also to provide a school master of like description at the west end of the town for the term of six months, and two woman schools at the west end for the term of five months, and also to provide a schoolmaster of like description for the term of four months, and a womans school for the term of six months at Scott’s Woods; a new school house to be built at the east end of the town, and the school house at Scott’s Woods to be repaired. About this time, and in accordance with the above vote, the school-house was built on the east side of Adams street, near the residence of Col. O. W. Peabody, on a lot given for the purpose by Abel Alline in 1793. In this school several eminent and successful teachers were employed in the early part of this century. SCHOOL APPROPRIATIONS. The money appropriated for the support of schools in the last century was not often made a matter of record. SCHOOLS. 323 In 1795 it was divided among the district as follows: East Ward, <£56 Is.; Brush Hill, £20 7s.; Middle street, £23 8s. The East was allowed £7, the other wards £3 each, for wood. Money not expended by the following June was to be returned into the towm treasury. For several years prior to 1800 $500 seems to have been the annual appropriation for educational purposes. SOME OF THE TEACHERS. The masters in the west end of the town taught three months in the house on Middle street, the children from Brush Hill attending; then the same teacher took the Brush Hill school for three months, and was followed to that school by the Middle-street pupils. Thus these sections had a master’s school for the entire winter. In the summer there was a woman’s school in each house. The teachers in this district generally hoarded with Capt. Thomas Yose, who lived on the south-west corner of Atherton street and Canton avenue. At his decease, March 20, 1760, his daughter, Hannah Yose, continued to furnish a home for them. She had a large round-about chair handed down from her father, called the “ Master’s Chair,” on which they were accustomed to carve their names; and, as changes were frequent, the wood-work of the chair was com¬ pletely covered with the names or initials of different masters. Some of our citizens remember of having seen on this chair the names of Roger Sherman, Ward Cotton, Dr. Peter Adams, and other prominent men who in former years were teachers in Milton. Roger Sherman was in Milton about 1738-40, before he was twenty-one years of age. While here, besides “teach¬ ing the young ideas how to shoot,” he used his spare time as “ cordwainer,” and, according to custom, went from house to house with his kit of tools, tarrying long enough to make and mend the shoes of the family. He was shoemaker for the family of Capt. Vose, the father of Hannah. In later years, after he became famous in political life, he revisited Milton and the scenes of his youthful days, and sought out his early friends. Dr. Jeremy Belknap taught school in Milton two years. Dr. Lemuel Hayward kept grammar school in Milton 1769-71. Deacon Jason Houghton, of Milton, everywhere known as Master Houghton, taught the Scott’s Woods school for twenty-eight years. Sarah Glover was teacher of the Middle street school for nineteen consecutive summers. She kept a record of the christenings, marriages, and deaths in Milton from about 1774 to 1814, which should be preserved for its accuracy and fulness. 324 HIS TOBY OF MILTON. In 1801 she married George Tucker, and was the mother of the late Ebenezer G. Tucker, for many years one of our most esteemed citizens. In 1786 Roger Yose, afterwards Judge Yose, kept school on Brush Hill seven weeks for <£3 5s. Ebenezer Tucker boarded him for £2 2s., leaving him for his service of seven weeks’ teaching 38 shillings, or not quite 5-§- shillings per week. Many other Milton citizens, both men and women, were teachers of our schools in the early years of the town. A.D. 1800. Such was the condition of education in Milton, and generally throughout Massachusetts, when the nineteenth century opened. But though our schools were good for the times, and com¬ pared favorably with the schools of other towns in the Com¬ monwealth, there seems to have been a general and wide-spread feeling that better means of education should be provided, especially in the higher branches, and for the girls who had not received proper advantages in the public schools. This strong sentiment, prevailing through the Commonwealth, introduced an ERA OF PRIVATE SCHOOLS. In the brief period of twelve years thirty-three academies were incorporated within this Commonwealth and in the dis¬ trict of Maine, then under the jurisdiction of Massachusetts. Among these was Milton Academy. Madame CrancK’s School. About the same time a Ladies’ Boarding School was opened in the “ Taylor House,” which stood on the site of our Town- Hall. It was taught by an English lady, Madame Cranch, and was styled by her “ Milton Abbas,” from the old English Milton Abbas, of Dorsetshire. The school was kept up for several years, and was attended by many of the young ladies of the day, all of whom have now passed away. Among those known to have been pupils there were Mrs. Jason Reed, Mrs. Samuel Adams, and Mrs. Preston, of Dorchester. Peggy How’s School. In the first decade of the century, Peggy How, sister of Mrs. Joseph Yose, lived in the gambrel-roof house near the cemetery, /c~«4L SCHOOLS. 325 * > ■■■■•. ' \‘i ‘.i!’ lately purchased W Mr. ad, where sh*e long kept a school of high order, ipils were Col. Josiali and Joseph Vose. Dr. John ey, the distinguished historian, boarded with her kded Milton Academy. Jesse Pierce's School. In 1810 a private school/ was Opened at Milton village by Col. J* -<■ Pierce, of Stoughton, tire father of the Hon. Henry L. and Edward L. Pierce. Mr. Pierce* had already taught the Milton public schools at Brush Hill and’Milton Hill for five years. His private school wait on the north side of Canton avenue, almost in front" of the house of Mrs. Thompson, now occupied by Rev. P. Frothingliam. The building was removed to River street, Dorchester, and, no\v enlarged, is the tailor’s shop of Mr. Wiswall. Khis priy. ite •%! moI was attended by many of our well-known citizens, among whom were Robert B. and John M. Forbes; William S., M ‘ a, and Josephine Morton; Moses and Seth Whitney. Juliet \ -aph, and Sarah Church¬ ill: also, Fletcher Webster. wh< tb.thm then lived at the Wells place, Dorchester, and Cn a.- t dm an, son of Rev. Dr. Codrifan, of Dorchester. school was continued till 1824, when Mr. Pierce remove-’ " •= ho a : the Hon. Joseph M. Churchill attended school rl ■ In i 84 & l*e removed from Stoughton to the house in Dorehahev village, now the residence of his son, Henry L. Pierce. Cob Pierce was a highly sue- successful teacher, numbering among his pupils many who have occupied prominent positions in public life. Gideon F. . 77 /. - c% School. A few years later, about 1830. there was a private school on Milton Hill, near the house of J. Malcolm Forbes. This was a first-class school, patronized by our best families. The children of Jonathan Russell-- Jonathan, Geraldine, and Ida -•-were pupils. Other families on Milton Hill and in other sections of the town, as well as in Dorchester, were an s ms. Gideon F. Thayer, 1 it, while, at the same time, carrying on his Boston school. Among his assistants at JuiU/ n w;ere two men who pecam^ quite famous,— William Russell, the elocutionist, and Francis J. Griind, who taught mathematics. A private school was kept, up at this place most of the time for fifty years, and was finally merged into Milton A,c f, when that school was reestablished in 1885. Many excellent SCHOOLS. 325 built by Josiah How about 1743, and lately purchased by Mr. C. L. Copeland, where she long kept a school of high order. Among her pupils were Col. Josiah and Joseph Yose. Dr. John Gorham Palfrey, the distinguished historian, boarded with her when he attended Milton Academy. Jesse Pierce’s School. In 1819 a private school was opened at Milton village by Col. Jesse Pierce, of Stoughton, the father of the Hon. Henry L. and Edward L. Pierce. Mr. Pierce had already taught the Milton public schools at Brush Hill and Milton Hill for five years. His private school was on the north side of Canton avenue, almost in front of the house of Mrs. Thompson, now occupied by Rev. F. Frothingham. The building was removed to River street, Dorchester, and, now enlarged, is the tailor’s shop of Mr. Wiswall. This private school was attended by many of our well-known citizens, among whom were Robert B. and John M. Forbes; William S., Mary, and Josephine Morton; Moses and Seth Whitney; Juliette, Asaph, and Sarah Church¬ ill; also, Fletcher Webster, whose father then lived at the Wells place, Dorchester, and Capt. John Codman, son of Rev. Dr. Codman, of -Dorchester. The school was continued till 1824, when Mr. Pierce removed to Stoughton; the Hon. Joseph M. Churchill attended school there. In 1849 he removed from Stoughton to the house in Dorchester village, now the residence of his son, Henry L. Pierce. Col. Pierce was a highly sue- successful teacher, numbering among his pupils many who have occupied prominent positions in public life. Grideon F. Thayer’s School. A few years later, about 1830, there was a private school on Milton Hill, near the house of J. Malcolm Forbes. This was a first-class school, patronized by our best families. The children of Jonathan Russell — Jonathan, Geraldine, and Ida — were pupils. Other families on Milton Hill and in other sections of the town, as well as in Dorchester, were among its patrons. Gideon F. Thayer, of Chauncy-Hall School, managed it, while, at the same time, carrying on his Boston school. Among his assistants at Milton were two men who became quite famous, — William Russell, the elocutionist, and Francis J. Griind, who taught mathematics. A private school was kept up at this place most of the time for fifty years, and was finally merged into Milton Academy, when that school was reestablished in 1885. Many excellent 326 HISTORY OF MILTON. teachers have been employed. Prof. James B. Thayer taught the school located there in 1850—2. William S. Thayer, brother of Prof. Thayer, afterwards Consul-General in Egypt, was private tutor in the family of Robert B. Forbes for several years, about this time. Annette Miller’s School. Ten years later Miss Annette Miller erected a large building on the hill north of Canton avenue, now known as the Degan house, for the purpose of establishing a Female Seminary. Here a school was kept for a time, but was soon relinquished, and for the most part the building has been used as a private residence. A private school was also kept for a short time, by Ariel Work, in Jason Reed’s building, and on the premises of Gen. Joseph Yose. MILTON ACADEMY. [ Chartered 1798.~\ The first notice we find of the purpose to establish an Academy in Milton is the following action of the town: — At a legal Town Meeting held in Milton, May 2, 1797, the 4th article in the warrant came under consideration : — “To see if the Town approve of and desire the establishment of an Academy therein, for the instruction of children and youth in the various branches of literature.” The Town Voted, “That they were willing that an Academy should be erected in the Town.” The 5th article of the warrant was as follows: “To see what measures the inhabitants of the Town will adopt for the establishment of an Academj 7 for the purposes above expressed, and to obtain the benefit of an appropriation made by the General Court for the establishment of an Academy in Norfolk County, and to take such measures as may be thought expedient to further the design of two resolves passed at the last session of the General Court relative to that subject.” Voted, “That Edward H. Robbins, Esq., Dr. Amos Holbrook, Mr. Isaac Davenport and Mr. J. Smith Boies, be a Committee to procure subscriptions for the purpose of obtain¬ ing an Academy on the benefit of the appropriation made by the General Court.” The same month of May the aforesaid committee procured by private subscriptions the required amount, and in June of the same year appeared the following ORDER OF THE GENERAL COURT. Commonwealth of Massachusetts. In Senate, June 22, 1797. Ordered, that Salem Towne, Richai’d Devens, and Israel Hutchinson Esqrs. be a committee to repair to the Townsof Braintree, Roxbury, Milton, Quincy and Dorchester, in the County of Norfolk, at any time in the month MILTON ACADEMY. 327 of September or October next, to hear all that may be said by any of the inhabitants of either of said Towns for or against establishing an Academy in either of them, and to report to the next session of the General Court the most proper place, in their opinion, for said Academy. And the said committee are to visit any other town in the County for like purpose, being requested thereto by any inhabitant thereof who shall give satisfactory evidence that the fund required by the Legislature for the es¬ tablishment of an Academy is secured therefor. And the said committee shall give notice of the time of visiting said towns by advertising the same in the Boston Centinel and Chronicle. The expense of said committee to be paid by the town where the Academy is to be established. Sent down for concurrence. Samuel Phillips, President. In House of Representatives, June 22, 1797. Read and concurred. Edward H. Robbins, Speaker. This committee reported that “having visited and viewed eight towns in the County of Norfolk relative to fixing an Academy agreeable to the order of the General Court,” they decided in favor of the town of Milton, where the required fund had been secured by individual donors. The report was accepted, and the expense of the committee, amounting to $180.45, was paid by the town. At the same session of the General Court an act incorpo¬ rating Milton Academy was passed, of which the following is a copy: — ACT OF INCORPORATION. Commonwealth of Massachusetts. In the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and ninety-eight. An Act establishing an Academy in the Town of Milton, by the name of Milton Academy. Whereas, Edward H. Robbins and others have subscribed three thousand dollars for the purpose of erecting and supporting an Academy in the Town of Milton, in the County of Norfolk, and it appears that said Town is a suitable place for such an institution : therefore Section 1 . Be it enacted by the Senate ami House of Representatives in General Court assembled, and by the authority of the same, That there be and hereby is established in the Town of Milton, in the County of Norfolk, an Academy by the name of Milton Academy, for the. purposes of promot¬ ing piety, religion and morality, and for the education of youth in such languages and in such of the liberal arts and sciences, as the Trustees of the said Academy shall direct; and that Fisher Ames, William Aspinwall, Samuel Bass, Esquires, the Rev. Nathaniel Emmons, Rev. Thaddeus Mason Harris, Rev. Zachariah Howard, Rev. Joseph McKean, Rev. George Morey, 328 HISTORY OF MILTON. Rev. Eliphalet Porter, and Rev. Thomas Thacher, the Honorable Stephen Metcalf, John Read, Edward H. Robbins and Ebenezer Thayer, Esquires, be and hereby are incorporated into a body politic, by the name of the Trustees of Milton Academy, and that they and their successors shall be and continue a body politic and corporate by the same name forever. Section 2. Be it further enacted, That all money, lands, or other prop¬ erty or things, already given, or which shall be hereafter given, granted, devised or bequeathed, transferred or assigned to the said Trustees, for the purpose aforesaid, shall be confirmed to the said Trustees and their succes¬ sors in that trust forever. And that said Trustees may have and hold, in fee simple, by gift, grant, devise, bequest, or otherwise, any lands, tene¬ ments, hereditaments, or other estate real or personal, provided the annual income thereof shall not exceed the sum of five thousand dollars, and may sell and dispose of the same, and apply the rents and profits thereof, in such manner as that the end and design of said institution may be pro¬ moted. Section 3. Be it further enacted, That the said Trustees shall have power, from time to time, to elect such officers of the said Academy as they shall judge necessary, and to fix the tenures of the said offices; to remove any Trustee from the corporation, when in their opinion he shall be incapa¬ ble by reason of age, or otherwise, of discharging the duties of his office; to fill all vacancies in the said corporation by electing such persons for Trustees as they shall think suitable ; to determine the times and places of the meetings, the manner of notifying the Trustees ; to prescribe the power and duties of their several officers, to elect preceptors and teachers of the said Academy, and to determine their power and duties, and to fix the ten¬ ures of their offices ; and to make and ordain reasonable rules, orders, and by-laws, not repugnant to the laws of the Commonwealth, with reasonable penalties for the good government of the said Academy. Section 4. Be it further enacted, That the said Trustees may have one common Seal which they may at pleasure break, alter, or renew; and that all deeds signed and sealed with their seal, delivered and acknowledged by the Treasurer or Secretary of said corporation, by order of the said Trustees, shall be good and valid in law ; and that the said Trustees may sue and be sued in all actions, real, personal and mixed, and prosecute or defend the same to final judgment and execution, by the name of the Trustees of Mil- ton Academy. Section 5. Be it further enacted, That the number of the said Trustees shall not at one time be more than fifteen, nor less than nine; five of whom shall constitute a quorum to do business ; and that a majority of said Trus¬ tees shall consist of men who are not inhabitants of the said Town of Milton. Section 6. Be it further enacted, That there be, and hereby is granted to the said Trustees and their successors forever, for the use of said Academy, one-half a township of six square miles of the unappropriated lands belong¬ ing to this Commonwealth in the District of Maine, except the ten town¬ ships on Penobscot River, to be laid out and assigned by the committee for the sale of * eastern lands under the restrictions and reservations in similar grants. Section 7. And be it further enacted, That the Honorable Seth Bullard Esquire be and hereby is authorized to fix the time and place for holding the first meeting of said Trustees, and to notify them thereof. In the House of Representatives , March , 1798. This bill, having had three several readings, passed to be enacted. Edward H. Robbins, Speaker. MILTON ACADEMY. 329 March, 1798. By the Governor approved. Increase Sumner. A true copy. Attest, John Avery, Secretary. CALLING OF FIRST MEETING. Dedham, August 21, 1798. To the Honorable Seth Bullard, Esq. Sir: — The Subscribers, Trustees of the Milton Academy, request that your Honor would (in pursuance of an act of the General Court) call a meeting of the Trustees of the said Milton Academy in the County of Nor¬ folk, and Commonwealth of Mass., to be held at the house of Mr. Ebenezer Vose, innholder in Milton, on the 17th day of December next, at ten o’clock in the forenoon, for the purpose of choosing such officers as they may judge necessary; to adopt measures to receive the money subscribed, and to obtain the land granted as a fund for the said Academy; and to do and transact any other business relative to the said Academy. Norfolk, ss. To the Hon. Fisher Ames, Esq., one of the Trustees of the Milton Academy — Greeting: In the name of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, agreeably to the foregoing request, you are hereby required to warn or notify all the Trustees of said Academy to meet at the time and place, and for the purposes therein mentioned. Given under my hand and seal at Walpole the thirtieth day of October, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and ninety-eight. Seth Bullard, Justice of the Peace. In pursuance of the foregoing Warrant to me directed, I do hereby notify and warn, Fisher Ames, William Aspinwall, Samuel Bass, Esqrs.; the Reverend Nathaniel Emmons, Thaddeus Mason Harris, Zachariah Howard, Joseph McKean, George Morey, Eliphalet Porter, and Thomas Thacher; the Hon. Stephen Metcalf, John Read, Edward H. Robbins, and Ebenezer Thayer, Esquires, the Trustees of the Milton Academy, to meet at the time and place, and for the purposes before mentioned. Fisher Ames. Dedham, Dec. 3, 1798. FIRST MEETING. The Trustees held their first meeting at the public house of Mr. Ebenezer Yose, in Milton, Dec. IT, 1798, according to the 330 HISTORY OF MILTON. above notification, which was inserted in the “Minerva,” printed in Dedham. Ten members of the Board were present. The meeting was organized by the choice of Hon. John Bead as Moderator. It was voted to choose a President, a Treasurer, and a Secretary, for the year ensuing, and until a new choice be made. The Hon. Edward H. Bobbins was unanimously chosen President, Samuel Bass, Esq., was chosen Treasurer, and Bev. Joseph Mc¬ Kean, Secretary. Committees were appointed to take charge of the half township of Eastern land, and to inquire into the state of the subscriptions; but the great interest of the meeting centred in the LOCATION OP THE ACADEMY BUILDING. Prior to the first meeting it was generally understood among the Trustees that the Academy would be erected at the “ Village,” on a lot offered as a donation for this purpose by the Hon. Edward H. Bobbins. The whole of the Gov. Hutch¬ inson estate on Milton Hill was confiscated. The lot in question was purchased from this confiscated property by General James Warren, who sold the same to Mr. Bobbins. It is the lot on which the Morton mansion, built by Mr. Bobbins, now stands. Gen. Stephen Badlam offered, for this purpose, half an acre of land owned by John Swift, near the house of Joseph Bad- cock, Esq., now the residence of Mrs. William Davis. At the first meeting the town of Milton appeared, by its committee, with the statement that a “ majority of the citizens are desirous that the Academy be situated near the centre of the town and not at the village.” A proffer was made of any suitable portion of the “ ministerial land; ” and the Trustees were solicited to “defer their decision until the town have opportunity to meet and make definite propositions.” Where¬ upon it was voted to comply with this request. At a meeting of the Trustees held at Mr. Bevere’s tavern, Aug. 6, 1799, a committee of the town of Milton, chosen at the annual meeting, May, 1799, presented a communication to the Board of Trustees, signed by Seth Sumner, Esq., their chair¬ man, to this effect: “ That the town had voted to raise the sum of §3,000, and to liberate the subscribers from their engage¬ ments, provided the Academy be built near the centre of the town.” Gen. Joseph Vose at the same time pledged himself to the Trustees, that if they could not procure any more suitable position he would give and convey half an acre of land, situated MILTON ACADEMY. 331 “ on the great road to Taunton, and White’s lane, so called.” The Trustees then voted unanimously to comply with the prop¬ ositions of the town of Milton, and to locate the Academy on the lot so freely and generously offered for the purpose by Gen. Joseph Yose. This decision was reversed at a subsequent meeting, when the committee on location reported, as a more eligible situation, a tract of forty acres, with the dwelling-house thereon, adjoining the meeting-house lot, which could be obtained for $2,200. Here again appears the magnanimity of the Hon. Edward H. Robbins, who may be called the father of this institution. The record presents him as “ generously offering to make a donation of such a portion of the above-mentioned land as would be sufficient for the location of the Academy, if the Trustees should not think it expedient to purchase the whole tract.” In the early part of the year 1801 the whole tract of forty acres was purchased. In addition to this purchase the Presi¬ dent of the Board was instructed, at a meeting, Jan. 7,1806, “ to complete the purchase, and to secure a good and sufficient title to the land intended for the position of the Academy; to include so much as to make a straight line to the south-east corner of the estate now owmed by the Trustees.” This tract of land, about an acre and a half, was a portion of the “ Taylor Estate,” on which the Academy stands; the possession of which was neces¬ sary, in order to place the building in the best position, and to open the forty-acre tract to the “ old Taunton road.” Thus, in 1806, the Trustees were in full possession of forty-one and a half acres of land, with a dwelling-house for the Pre¬ ceptor, and all things were ready for the ERECTION OF THE BUILDING. A committee had already been instructed to procure plans, purchase lumber, and also to ascertain on what terms an archi¬ tect could be engaged to undertake and superintend the erection of the building. After much consideration Hon. E. H. Robbins, Mr. J. S. Boise, and Mr. Isaac Davenport were instructed to “make a contract with Mr. Wm. B. Crehore, of Milton, to pro¬ vide materials, and erect the building for an Academy not to exceed 53 by 35 ft.; to be two stories high, with a porch at the end, together with the necessary out-buildings and fences.” Said committee were intrusted with discretionary powers, as to style, material, and position of the building. The work was prosecuted without apparent hindrance or 332 HISTORY OF MILTON. delay, and the building was completed early in September, 1807, at a cost of $4,927.88. According to notification in the public papers, the Academy was opened for instruction on the 9th of September. Religious services were held in the meeting-house, consisting of singing, prayer by the Rev. Dr. Porter, and a discourse by the Rev. Thomas Thacher, which was printed and a copy “ sent to each of the clergymen.” The Rev. Warren Pierce had been employed as Preceptor at a salary of $800 per year, and the use of the house and farm. Thus eighty years ago Milton Academy started on its career of usefulness. The Academy commenced its life with a very small amount of funds, but with a very strong Committee of Ways and Means. THE AVAILABLE FUNDS. The funds with which the enterprise was started consisted of the half township of Eastern land donated by the Common¬ wealth, from which was realized the sum of $4,500; and the subscription of $3,000, afterwards assumed by the town of Milton. Besides these the sum of $100 was subscribed by six of the citizens of Milton, for procuring a bell for the Academy, which cost $158, and a second subscription of $75 was secured for improving the Academy grounds; making a sum total of - $7,675. There is no evidence that any other money has been used in the establishment or maintenance of this institution except what has flowed legitimately from the tuition, or from the income of the real estate. The necessary disbursements in preparation for the school were the cost of the land and dwelling-house, $2,200; repairs on the house, $99.13; and the cost of the Academy building, $4,927.88, amounting in all to the sum of $7,227.01, and leaving a margin of $447.99 for future work. COURSE OF STUDIES. Milton Academy was designed for a school of a high order. The original purpose was to prepare young men for college. This purpose has always been prominent in its instruction, although females were early admitted among its scholars; and special attention has at all times been given to the higher branches of the English studies, for the benefit of those not looking to a college education. MILTON ACADEMY. 333 The following course of studies, prepared by the Revs. Thomas Thacher, Dr. Porter, and Dr. Harris, was adopted at the open¬ ing of the school: — Section 1. It is expected that the regular course of studies at the Academy be completed in four years; but the pupils may be continued during the will of the parent, or till such time as he shall be qualified for admission into Harvard University, or such other College as the parent may choose. Sect. 2. The lower class shall learn English Grammar; Adams’s Latin Grammar; Mair’s Introduction to making Latin ; Erasmus; and begin the Gloucester Greek Grammar. Particular times shall be assigned for writing and arithmetic. Sect. 3. The second class shall learn Virgil, the Collectanea Minora, and the Greek Testament; they shall make Latin, and continue their proficiency in the construction of the English language; they shall also be taught to read the best English authors in prose and poetry, in such portions of their time as shall least interfere with their other studies. Sect. 4. The third class shall continue Virgil, and the Greek Testa¬ ment. They shall learn Tully’s Orations, and Sallust; translate English into Latin, and improve further in their English exercises, namely, Grammar and Arithmetic. These shall be varied at the pleasure of the Preceptor. Sect. 5. The senior class shall review those books in which they are to be examined at the University. If time permit, or their progress allow, they may learn Csesar’s Commentaries, Terence, and some part of Col¬ lectanea Majora; prosecute their studies in the Belles-lettres; learn from some of the best authors the elements of Rhetoric, Geography, Astronomy, (Surveying and Navigation. Also, if they choose to remain still longer. Logic, Locke’s Essays on the Understanding, the Principles of Natural Philosophy and Natural Law. Sect. 6. If any parent or guardian, or the pupil, if of age himself, shall request to be instructed merely in the branches of English education he may be excused from learning the Latin and Greek languages. Sect. 7. Provisions shall be made for instruction in the French language, as soon as the funds of the Academy shall permit. This course of studies has been modified, from time to time, in subsequent years, to meet the demands of the school and the changes of the time. SCHOLARS. The Academy opened in 1807, with twenty-three scholars, increasing to twenty-eight for the second term. No record of the annual number of scholars has been preserved, except during the teaching of Preceptor Edwin Clapp, commencing in 1856, and continuing for six years. By a careful examination of the returns made by instructors who received stipulated annual salaries, and kept on file as vouchers of the Treasurers, it has been possible to ascertain the annual number of pupils, from the opening of the school up to the year 1823. This appears as follows: — 334 HISTORY OF MILTON. Average number of scholars for the year 1808. . . . 35. 1809. . . . 33. 1810. . . . 32.66 1811. . . . 23.66 1812. . . . 24 1813. . . . 41.66 1814_35.33 1815.... 35,33 1816 _34.66 1817 _33.33 ,1818_27. 1819_17. 1820 .. . . 15. 1821.. . . 18. 1822.. . . 10.7 1856.. . . 29. 1857 1858 1859 1860 1861 33. 34.3 22 . 26.4 26.6 The average number of these twenty-one years, thus reported, is twenty-eight pupils annually. It detracts in no small degree from the value and interest of this statement, and is a matter of regret, that we fail to find a record of the names of those who, from year to year, passed through this institution. It is believed that but one catalogue has ever been issued. A large portion of our own citizens, many from other towns in our Commonwealth, and many from other States have enjojmd its advantages. It enrols among its alumni those who stand in the first ranks of business and social life. Its representatives grace the Pulpit, the Bench, the Army, and the Legislative Halls of the nation. Many of its graduates were conspicuous in the last great struggle of our country for right and freedom. That veteran officer, Major-General Edwin Yose Sumner, who fell in the conflict, received his early training at the Milton Academy. One of our young men, whose brief career was equally brill¬ iant, Lieut. Josiah H. Y. Field, went out from a nine years’ course of study, in Milton Academy, to West Point; and thence early into active service, joining Gen. Hunter on his exhaustive raid through Virginia, in the high position of “ Senior Ord¬ nance Officer for Western Virginia,” only to faint beneath the crushing burden, and to yield up his life for his country. Not a few of the living graduates are equally deserving of worthy mention for noble and self-denying service in behalf of their country. Through the kindness of the Hon. James M. Bobbins we are able to furnish the names of the following individuals who were pupils with him in Milton Academy during the early period of its existence: — Thomas Crehore, Milton. William Holbrook, “ Jeremiah S. H. Boies, “ Caleb Hobart, “ James M. Robbins, “ Arthur Fessenden, Roxbury. Thomas Wetmore, Boston. Francis W. Winthorp, “ Dudley Walker, Milton. Edwin V. Sumner, “ MILTON ACADEMY. 335 John Fuller, Roxbury. Silas Davenport, Canton. Robert Tucker, “ William H. Bass, Randolph. Benj. C. Cutler, Roxbury. Benj. C. Parker, . Boston. Charles Parker, “ James Parker, “ John D. W. Williams, “ Robert Mackey, Boston. William P. Lunt, Quincy. Jonathan Cobb, Dedham. Col. John Gay, “ Thomas T. Forbes, Milton. Robert B. Forbes, “ T. Thacher Wadsworth, “ Elijah Tucker, “ At a somewhat later period were the following: John Gorham Palfrey, William P. Greenwood, Jndge Frederick Yose, of Wal¬ pole, N.H., and Got. William Barrett Washburn. Under the tuition of Thomas Snow were the following schol¬ ars : Edwin Battles, Wyatt Dickerman, and Josiah Warren Talbot, of Stoughton, Mary Brewer, of Dorchester, and many Milton pupils. Mr. Snow is recalled by his living pupils as possessing the finest mould of character, and a most exact appre¬ ciation of his scholars, — the quality and bent of their minds, and the treatment and influence needed by each. We have received from Mr. E. J. Marsh, of Leominster, Mass., one of the few among the teachers still living, a list of pupils during his service of five years, and also interesting reminiscences of the school in his day, which we would gladly insert here did we aim at anything in this simple narrative except a bare statement of facts. Mr. Marsh is a graduate of Middlebury College. In a life devoted to teaching he has fitted more than one hundred young men for college. He commenced his work in Milton Academy May 26,1840, and continued until August, 1845. His career at Milton was a successful one. A larger number of scholars was connected with the school under his teaching than under any other teacher of whom we have a record; and his pupils, some of whom now live among us, testify to his thorough practical instruction, the benefit of which they are now reaping. LIST OF PUPILS, 1840-1846. Henry L. Pierce, Stoughton. Abbie P. Baker, Lincoln. Orilla Hager, “ Julia Bemis, “ Sally Tileston, Dorchester. Katharine Tileston, “ Mary Jane Greenwood, “ Lucy Hollis, Milton. Abbie Y. Tucker, “ Elizabeth Ann Wadsworth, “ Mary E. Yose, “ Mary E. Tucker, Catherine E. Tucker, Elizabeth Ann Reed, Susan Sumner, Laura Wheelock, Elizabeth Fairbank, Mary L. Glover, Ann E. Davenport, Cynthia Beals, Catharine Davis, Georgianna Davis, 336 HISTORY OF MILTON. Louisa J. Gannett, Milton. Martha Crossman, “ Harriet Durell, “ Susan Cornel], “ Adelaide Cornell, “ Fannie Campbell, “ Edwin I). Wadsworth, u Lewis R. Tucker, “ George Heywood, Concord. James Gerrish, “ Joseph Gerrish, “ George M. Baker, Lincoln. Webster Smith, “ Francis Smith, “ John B. Tileston, Dorchester. William E. Tolman, “ Benjamin Lyon, “ Lawson Brewer, “ Benjamin F. Crehore, “ Benjamin Swan, “ Francis Swan, “ George Swan, “ Francis Ruggles, “ John J. Glover, Quincy. Samuel G. Savil, “ William W. Ware, Cambridge. Edward Henry Adams, Milton. Ebenezer Campbell, “ Seth Durell, “ Henry Thayer, “ George Thayer, “ J. Walter Reed, “ John F. Ware, Dorchester. Jesse Tucker, Milton. Dean Swift, “ William Wadsworth, “ William Tufts, “ Eben Tufts, ‘ Franklin Davis, “ Rufus W. Sumner, “ Thomas Hollis, “ Charles W. P. Nichols, “ George K. Gannett, “ Alfred R. Glover, “ John Reed, “ Edward Collins, “ Paul Revere, Boston. Charles F. Swan, Dorchester. George Swan, “ James G. Yose, Milton. Everett C. Banfield, “ This catalogue contains the names of individuals who would confer honor upon any institution: Col. Paul Revere, the brave and true, who gave up his life for his country; Everett C. Banfield, the distinguished attorney; Hon. Henry L. Pierce, ex-Mayor of Boston; Rev. James G. Yose, D.D., Professor at Amherst College, and now pastor of a leading church in Provi¬ dence, R.I.; John B. Tileston, the well-known publisher; William E. Tolman and Francis Swan, honored and successful teachers; George M. Baker, model farmer; Edward Collins, of the United States Army. Could we thus bring before the eye the names of all the alumni of this institution, through its whole work of seventy years, the wide-spread power and influence of Milton Academy might, in some measure, be realized. TEACHERS AHD OFFICERS. It is ascertained from the testimony of those who were scholars in the Academy during the first decade of its existence, that Preceptor Pierce was a thorough classical teacher, and was very successful in fitting students for Harvard University. Many of his pupils were from the first families of Boston and the neighboring towns, and a large proportion of them passed MILTON ACADEMY. 337 through college and became professional men. Milton Acad¬ emy soon rose to a high reputation as a thorough and successful school; and this high tone of character has been sustained through its entire history, with occasional periods of embarrass¬ ment and decline. Hundreds of young men have passed out from its instruction into the various colleges of our land. Among its corps of four¬ teen teachers, whose names are herewith perpetuated, besides numerous assistants, have been acute minds and warm hearts, earnest in the work of educating the youth of this community. As the first years of the Academy were full of promise, so the last years seem to have been among its brightest. In 1854 the Trustees guaranteed a salary of $750 per annum, and a large percentage of all income from tuition above this sum. Mr. Edwin Clapp was engaged as teacher, and the tuition was raised to $10 a term. During the ten years of his success¬ ful service the income was larger than ever before, amounting for one year to $1,363. Mr. Sereno D. Hunt, who followed Mr. Clapp, was equally successful during his short term of service. In this high tide of success both teacher and Academy build¬ ing were transferred to the town of Milton, and, for a time, Milton High School assumed the position of Milton Academy. By a provision in the “ Act of Incorporation,” a majority of the Trustees must consist of men who are not citizens of Milton. Most of the Trustees have, therefore, been inhabitants of neigh¬ boring towns. That the interests of the institution have fallen into faithful hands may be seen by the long line of illustrious names embraced in the catalogue of Trustees, which is presented without a single omission. Dr. John P. Spooner, of Dorchester, held the office of Treas¬ urer for thirty-four years, faithfully managing the finances of the Academy during a period of its greatest depression, and by his persevering efforts greatly ministering to the life and pros¬ perity of the institution. The Hon. Edward H. Robbins was unanimously chosen the first President of the Board of Trustees in 1798. This office he retained for thirty-two years, until his death; always approving himself the faithful friend, wise counsellor, and assiduous helper of Milton Academy. In 1830 Dr. Amos Holbrook was appointed to the office of President and continued in this position until his decease in 1842. In 1842 the Hon. James M. Robbins succeeded Dr. Holbrook as President of the Board of Trustees, which office he held 338 HISTORY OF MILTON. until 1884, when he resigned on account of feeble health. Col. William H. Forbes was chosen as his successor. PROSPERITY AND ADVERSITY. That the Academy has been reasonably successful must he apparent to all who have observed its history. It has outlived many of its contemporaries. If it has not kept pace with the more celebrated institutions of its kind, such as Andover, Leicester, Exeter, and others, it is because no one has appeared as its benefactor, which has been otherwise with those favored academies. Milton Academy has lived by its own untiring efforts. Since its organization, or the very first years of its life, no person has. contributed a dollar to its encouragement or sup¬ port. Had this institution been placed on a financial basis equal with that of other kindred institutions within, the Com¬ monwealth, its career might have been equally brilliant. On several occasions it has been suspended for short periods, only to rise again into new life. In 1867 the town of Milton established a High School, free to all.its youth, and with the offer of a larger salary than the Academy could give, secured the services of its Principal as their teacher. At this point the Academy was suspended, and the Academy building was leased to the town of Milton for a term of years, expiring July 1, 1880. During the period of suspension the Board of Trustees was kept full and in working order, ready for any new work. REESTABLISHMENT OF THE ACADEMY. The question of reopening the Academy at the expiration of the lease to the town of Milton had many times engaged the attention of the Trustees, It was fully debated at the annual meeting, July 2, 1879, and resulted in the appointment of a committee to solicit funds for the endowment of the school. This committee decided to lay the matter before the citizens of the town and vicinity, and for this purpose a mass meeting was called at the Town-Hall, Dec. 13, 1879. The meeting was well attended by the Trustees and by the friends of education in the town and vicinity. Addresses were . made by the President of the Board of Trustees, by Rev. Dr. Morison, Gamaliel Brad¬ ford, Esq., Hon. Edward L. Pierce, Prof. James B. Thayer, President Eliot of Harvard College, and others. The spirit and tone of the meeting favored the reopening of the Academy, with an endowment sufficient to establish and maintain a school of the highest order for girls and boys. Meantime, the old Academy ' MILTON ACADEMY. 339 building being deemed insufficient in point of room and facilities for study to meet the wants of tbe contemplated school, and its location not tbe most convenient for the pupils who would be likely to attend such a school, at the annual meeting of the Trustees, July 3, 1883, it was voted to sell the Academy building, with the two and a half acres of land under and around the same, to the town of Milton for the sum of $3,000. Conditional subscriptions to an endowment fund for the school were obtained to the amount of $50,000 and upwards, and at a special meeting, May 22, 1884, the following plan of action was presented by the subscribers to said fund for the consideration of the Trustees : — PLAN OF ACTION. 1st. That this fund be placed in the hands of three Trustees, who shall buy land, and build suitable school buildings thereon. 2d. Keep the remainder of the endowment fund, after paying for such land and buildings, safely invested, and collect the income thereof. 3d. Give the free use of said land and buildings, and pay over the net income of the remainder of said endowment fund to the Trustees of Milton Academy for four years from Aug. 1, 1884, and for such further time as may at the end of said four years be agreed upon ; and the Trustees of said Academy shall agree to, and shall for said time, maintain a good and suit¬ able school in said buildings and keep said buildings and land in good re¬ pair and condition, and shall for the purposes of such school use both the income of the endowment fund and also all the income from the property now or hereafter belonging to said Academy. 4th. If, at the end of said, four years, or further time agreed upon, a majority of the Trustees of the endowment fund shall decide that it is best to do so, they shall transfer and convey to the Milton Academy all the property then held by them as Trustees, with and under such conditions and restrictions as shall be decided upon. 5th. But if at the end of such time they decide that it is not best to so transfer and convey to Milton Academy such property, they shall dispose of the same in such manner as a majority in interest of the subscribers to said endowment fund, or their legal representatives, shall decide. The Trustees of said Academy shall, during such four years and further time, have full charge and management of said school, and of said land and buildings, and of the expenditures of said net income of the endowment fund. Tbe above informal proposition, looking to the reviving of the Academy, was carefully considered, and it was voted there¬ upon to accept such proposal when formally made. At the annual meeting of the Trustees, July 2, 1884, on motion of Mr. Roger Wolcott: — Voted, that as the Trustees of the endowment fund do hereby, by their committee, make the informal proposal presented at the special meeting May 22,1884, a formal one, the said proposition is hereby accepted. 340 HISTORY OF MILTON. A suitable tract of land was secured on Randolph avenue and Centre street, and a building was erected for the school, which, in all its appointments, may be styled a model school- house. In September, 1885, Milton Academy started in the new quarters, with a corps of four teachers and upwards of forty pupils. PURPOSES OF THE ACADEMY. The Academy gives careful attention to the instruction of the youngest pupils, and has therefore arranged a Primary Department, which is placed in charge of an experienced teacher. The Intermediate or Gram¬ mar grade occupies four years, and brings pupils forward to the beginning of their College Preparatory or High School course, when they may begin an ancient or a second modern language. The entire course of the Academy is thirteen years in length. Pupils may enter the primary class at the age of five, and, if regular in attendance, and always gaining pro¬ motion from class to class, will be ready to receive the diploma of the Academy and to enter college at the age of eighteen. COURSES OF STUDY. The courses of study for the Primary Department include: (1) Oral Lessons, intended to stimulate observation of simple objects, and to en¬ courage the use of language in describing them; (2) Language Lessons, including Reading, Writing, Spelling, and Declamation; (3) The simplest oral exercises in French; (4) Arithmetic up to short division ; (5) Physical Exercises. In the Intermediate or Grammar Department the course is, through¬ out the four years : (1) Elementary Science, or lessons on plants, animals, metals, minerals, natural phenomena, and the heavenly bodies, and on the rudiments of physiology and hygiene; (2) English Language, including Reading, Writing, Composition, and Declamation, and, in the last year, the elements of Grammar; (3) French, with conversation, reading from easy books, and the beginnings of Grammar; (4) Arithmetic up to percentage, simple interest and discount, and including the Metric system; (5) Geog¬ raphy; (6) in the last year. History \he> United States. On completing the work of the Intermediate Department, pupils, if wishing to fit for college, must begin Latin. Such pupils will take the College Course, which will conform to the requirements of Harvard Col¬ lege. This course contemplates the study of (1) Latin, during its six years; (2) Greek, during the last three years; (3) French, continued during the entire period, so as to reach fully the required proficiency; (4) English, including the reading by each class of the books required that year, Composition, Spelling, Declamation, and Grammar; (5) Mathemat¬ ics, including Arithmetic, Algebra, and Geometry; (6) Ancient and Modern Geography and History; (7) Botany and Physics. Pupils not desiring to prepare for college will take the High School Course. This includes (1) English Language and Literature, with Gram¬ mar, Declamation, and Composition; (2) History of the United States and England, Ancient and Mediaeval History, History of Special Periods, Civil Government of the United States, and of Massachusetts ; (3) French, con¬ tinued, extending to the study of the grammar and literature, with frequent MILTON ACADEMY. 341 conversation and composition in French; (4) Latin or German (optional) ; (5) Science, including Physiology and Hygiene, Botany, Physics, Chemis¬ try, Astronomy, Geology; (6) Mathematics, including Arithmetic, Single- entry Book-keeping, Algebra, Geometry; (7) Political and Physical Geography; (8) Elementary Political Economy. TUITION. In Primary Department. “ Intermediate “. “ Advanced “. Payable semi-annually, in November and March. $60.00 per annum. 90.00 “ 120.00 “ TRUSTEES OF MILTON ACADEMY. Names. Fisher Ames, Esq., William Aspinwall, Esq., Samuel Bass, Esq., Rev. Nathaniel Emmons, D.D., Rev. Thaddeus M. Harris, D.D., Rev. Zachariah Howard, Rev. Joseph McKean, Rev. George Morey, Rev. Eliphalet Porter, D.D., Rev. Thomas Thacher, Hon. Stephen Metcalf, Hon. John Reed, Hon. Edward H. Robbins, Hon. Ebenezer Thayer, Moses Black, Esq,, Isaac Davenport, Esq., Jeremiah Smith Boies, Esq., Dr. Amos Holbrook, Rev. Edward Richmond, D.D., Rev. John Pierce, D.D., Edward Dowse, Esq., Rev. Peter Whitney, Hon. Josiah Quincy, Henderson Inches, Esq., Rev. Stephen Palmer, Thomas Williams, Esq., Rev. Thomas Gray, D.D., Rev. William Richie, Samuel H. Babcock, Esq., Samuel P. Loud, Esq., Joseph Greenleaf, Esq., Francis Amory, Esq., Joseph Rowe, Esq., Joseph Morton, Esq., Hon. John Bailey, Abel Cushing, Esq., Hon. John Ruggles, Residence. Date of Election. Dedham, Brookline, 1789. Randolph, Franklin, Dorchester, 1 ! Canton, Milton, Walpole, “ Roxbury, Dedham, Walpole, Bridgewater, Milton, Braintree, Quincy, 1800. Milton, 1806. Stoughton, 1808. Brookline, Dedham, 1809. Quincy, 1812. Milton, Needham, 1814. Roxbury, 1822. Needham, Milton, 1823. Dorchester, 1824. Quincy, Milton, 1830. Dorchester, 1831. Milton, 842 HISTORY OF MILTON. Date Names. Residence. of Election. Rev. Benjamin Huntoon, Canton, 1834. Dr. John P. Spooner, Rev. Joseph Angier, Dorchester, 1837. Milton, 1838. Rev. F. Cunningham, “ 1839. Rev. Samuel W. Cozzens, D.D., “ Rev. Alvan Lamson, D.D., Dedham, “ Hon. James M. Robbins, Milton, 1840. Rev. William P. Lunt, D.D., Quincy, 1842. Hon. Thomas French, Canton, “ Rev. Samuel K. Lothrop, D.D., Boston, 1845. Dr. Edward Jarvis, Dorchester, “ Samuel Adams, Esq., Milton, “ Rev. John H. Morison, D.D., “ 1847. Rev. David Dyer, Dorchester, “ Asaph Churchill, Esq., 1850. Leonard Everett, Esq., Canton, 1851. Rev. Richard Pike, Dorchester, * “ James H. Means, D.D., “ 1856. Hon. R. B. Forbes, Milton, 1857. Hon. William S. Morton, Quincy, “ Rev. T. T. Munger, Dorchester, “ Charles M. S. Churchill, Esq., Milton, 1858. Rev. Albert K. Teele, D.D., “ 1863. Rev. Thomas J. Mumford, Dorchester, 1867. Jonathan H. Cobb, Esq., Dedham, Rev. John D. Wells, Quincy, •* Dr. James S. Green, Dorchester, Hon. Henry L. Pierce, “ 1877. Dr. James Morison, Quincy, 1878. Col. William H. Forbes, Milton, “ Prof. James B. Thayer, Cambridge, “ Gamaliel Bradford, Esq., AmorL. Hollingsworth, Esq., Grantville, Milton, 1879. Roger Wolcott, Esq., Boston, “ Miss Harriet Ware, Milton, “ J. Malcolm Forbes, Esq., “ 1884. Samuel Gannett, Esq., “ “ W. J. Ladd, Esq., “ “ Charles P. Ware, Esq., Brookline, 1886. PRESIDENTS OF MILTON ACADEMY. Date Names. Residence. of Election. Hon. Edward H. Robbins, Milton, 1798. Dr. Amos Holbrook, “ 1830. Hon. James M. Robbins, “ 1842. Col. William H. Forbes, “ 1884. TREASURERS. Date Names. Residence. of Election. Samuel Bass, Esq., Randolph, 1798. Jeremiah S. Boies, Esq., Milton, 1806. MILTON ACADEMY. 343 Date Names. Residence. of Election. Henderson Inches, Esq., Milton, 1818. Isaac Davenport, Esq., “ 1821. Samuel H. Babcock, Esq., “ 1828. James M. Robbins, “ 1840. Dr. John P. Spooner, Dorchester, 1842. Rev. Albert K. Teele, Milton, 1876. SECRETARIES. Date Names. Residence. of Election. Rev. Joseph McKean, D.D., Milton, 1798. Dr. Amos Holbrook, “ 1809. Rev. Edward Richmond, D.D., Stoughton, 1816. Abel Cushing Esq., Dorchester, 1833. Rev. Joseph Angier, Milton, 1839. Rev. Samuel W. Cozzens, D.D., “ 1844. Rev. John H. Morison, D.D., “ 1847. Rev. David Dyer, Dorchester, 1850. Rev. Richard Pike, “ 1852. Charles M. S. Churchill, Esq. Milton, 1863. Rev. Albert K. Teele, D.D. “ 1876. TEACHERS OF THE OLD MILTON ACADEMY. ■ Names. Date of Election. Date of Resignation. Salaries. Rev. Warren Pierce, 1807 1817 < \ $800 for 5 years. Tuition i and farm for 5 years. William Reed, 1817 1821 $600 per annum. $500 “ Joseph R. Hill, 1821 1822 Moses Webster, 1822 1827 Tuition, house, and farm. Calvin Howe, 1827 1828 “ “ “ [School suspended for one year.] Thomas Snow, 1829 1835 Tuition, house, and farm. [School suspended for part of the year— ■ Mr. Colburn taught one term.] William H. Ropes, 1837 1838 Tuition, house, and farm. Charles Edwards, 1838 1839 “ “ “ “ [Suspended from August, 1839, to May 26, 1840.] E. J. Marsh, 1840 1845 Tuition, house, and farm. Ariel P. Chute, 1845 1846 “ “ “ “ Ezra Ripley, 1846 1848 “ [Suspended from February 17, 1848, to August 27, 1849.] Christopher A. Green, 1849 1851 Tuition and house. [Suspended from August, 1852, to April, 1854.] Edwin Clapp, 1855 1865 Salary of $750 guaranteed. Sereno D. Hunt, 1865 1866 Tuition and house. 344 HISTORY OF MILTON. OFFICERS, 1886 AND 1887. President. William H. Forbes. Secretary and Treasurer. Albert K. Teele. Executive Committee. W. H. Forbes, Miss Harriet Ware, W. J. Ladd, J. B. Thayer. Trustees. Rev. J. H. Morison, D.D., Boston. Milton. Dorchester. Milton. Cambridge. Boston. Milton. Brookline. Samuel Thurber, Principal, 1886. H. O. Apthorp, A.M., “ 1887. Miss Lucia Bartlett, First Assistant. Miss Margaret J. Thacher, Second Assistant. Madame McLaren, Teacher of French. Rev. A. K. Teele, D.D., Dr. James S. Green, Hon. Henry L. Pierce, Col. William H. Forbes, Prof. James B. Thayer, Gamaliel Bradford, Esq., Roger Wolcott, Esq., Miss Harriet Ware, J. Malcolm Forbes, Esq., Samuel Gannett, Esq., W. J. Ladd, Esq., Chas. P. Ware, Esq., Teachers. PUBLIC SCHOOLS IN 1800. If the prevalence of private schools in the early part of the century in any degree turned the attention of the people from the public schools, or diminished the number of those who otherwise would have attended them, it nevertheless created a sentiment and inspired a zeal in the great subject of education which counterbalanced any such apparent loss. Our public schools, through the century, have kept pace with the growing numbers, intelligence, and thought of the times. In the year 1800 the town’s appropriation for its schools was $666.66; since that time it has advanced with a constantly accelerated increase, until in 1886 it has reached the sum of $19,347.42. The school records of the last of the seventeenth PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 345 and the first of the eighteenth centuries are incomplete; but, so far as can he learned, there is but one instance in the whole history of the town of a retrograde movement in school appro¬ priations. The appropriation of 1847, which rose from $2,000 in 1846 to $2,300, fell back in 1848 to $2,000, but rose again the next year. The schools were kept in the same sections of the town, and under the same conditions, except the combination of the two wards in the west end of the town, — Brush Hill and Middle street into one school, located on Blue Hill avenue, where the West school-house now stands. This took place in 1812, when the brick school-house was built called the “ Old Brick,” which was removed when the present house was built, in 1870. This school has had the benefit of many excellent and distinguished teachers. Col. Jesse Pierce was the teacher here in 1814, 1815, and 1818, boarding at Major Atherton’s. In 1816 and 1817 he taught the school on Milton Hill, boarding with Daniel Briggs. Col. Pierce had also three brothers who taught in Mil- ton. John Pierce taught the West School, taking it when his brother left in 1815. Joel Pierce taught the Scott’s Woods School in 1818 and 1819, commencing October, 1818. He also taught the West School, 1819-20, after Jesse Pierce left. He afterwards taught a successful private school in Dorchester, and, as late as 1838, the school on River street. He died in Stoughton, 1887, aged 92 years. Otis Pierce was teacher at Scott’s Woods in 1822. Contemporary with the Pierces, Jeremy Drake, of Boston, taught in Milton with much success. Josiah Fairbank taught the Scott’s Woods School, and after¬ wards the school on Milton Hill. He was born in Northborough, Sept. 26, 1794, and commenced teaching in Westborough when seventeen years of age. He was connected with our public schools for nine years. From Milton he went to Charlestown, as teacher of the Girls’ High School, where he remained seven years. He then became head-master of the Adams School, Boston, retaining the position for, fourteen years. While teaching in Milton he married Sarah E. Gulliver, daughter of Lemuel Gulliver, of Milton; and at the decease of his father-in-law he removed to the Milton homestead, on Can¬ ton avenue, where he remained through life. Nathan Metcalf, of Franklin, always called “ Master Met¬ calf,” was teacher of the Milton Hill School in 1825, and con¬ tinued in the position for eight years. Among the many female teachers of this Milton Hill School was Ann Bent, a lady of remarkable ability, and of a most estimable character. 846 HISTORY OF MILTON. The following were teachers in the South School: Mr. Chipman, about 1827; then Oren Smith, Anthony S. Brackett, Franklin Crombie, who had before taught in the West School, Jeremiah Plympton, and William Henry Swan. NEW DISTRICTS. At the March meeting in 1835 a committee of ten was chosen, — To consider whether it would not promote education to have the town divided into five or more convenient districts, and define their limits, and to see if the town would set off a school district in the centre of the town. The committee reported at the April meeting of the same year, recommending the division of the town into five districts, substantially as they are at present, except a change made in the westerly part of the centre district, and the changes neces¬ sary in the establishment of new schools at Pleasant street and Mattapan. At this time there were four hundred and twenty children of suitable age to attend school, and the town was divided so as to give about the same number to each district. In 1885 the sum of $150 was voted to aid the East District in building a new school-house. This house stood on the north side of Squantum street, between the stone cottage and the house of Mr. George W. Bass. In 1837 a like sum was appropriated for building a school- house in the Centre District. As early as 1734, — Voted, that there should be a fixed school in the centre of the town be¬ tween the stone bridge and pound. The pound was then near White street. There may have been a school in this vicinity at that time and after, but there is no other reference to such a school. Doubtless the school- house built on the lot of Isaac How, opposite the cemetery, in 1768, was designed to meet this need. After the division of the town into districts, in 1835, creating a separate district in the centre, a school which was established in 1832, occupying the building afterwards Jason Feed’s store, and then the vestry of the Unitarian Church, was made perpetual. A permanent school-house was erected for this school in 1837 on the lot now in use. The school appropriation for that year was $1,600, which, with the town’s share of the State school-fund, $49.65, gave each district for that year $829.93. PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 347 Not unfrequently the town appropriation, which was insuf- cient for extending the schools through the whole winter, was increased by voluntary subscription, and a longer school-term was secured. Sometimes, after the school-money was ex¬ hausted, the teachers continued their schools for a few weeks for the benefit of those wishing to study longer, for which service they were paid by the parents of such pupils. PRUDENTIAL COMMITTEE ABOLISHED. In the year 1846 the old Prudential Committee, which had the charge of school-buildings and the duty of procuring teach¬ ers, was abolished. It was voted that the duties heretofore belonging to the prudential com¬ mittees, selecting and contracting with the teachers of the several schools., be assigned to the School Committee, as the means most likely to obtain qualified teachers seasonably and effectually; and that the schools and school-houses be in the future at the common charge and expense of the town. On the 23d of November, 1846, the school-house in the North District, on Milton Hill, was consumed by fire. The building was set on fire by one of the boys of the school, who was arrested, and confessed the deed, assigning as a reason that he wanted a longer vacation. The town appropriated $1,600 for building a new house, which, by an arrangement with Mr. John M. Forbes, referred to in the chapter on “ Highways and By-ways,” was located on School street. Meantime the school was kept in the hall over the store of Mr. Johnson, at the Lower Mills. In 1852 two new school-houses were built. It was found that the East School had outgrown its building, and a new house was built, on the present site, at an expense of $3,907.72. Twenty-five years later extensive additions and changes were made on this house, which, with cost of land and grading, amounted to $5,827.92. A new school-house, which is now in use, was also built in the South District, at a cost of $2,078.20. ESTABLISHMENT OE PLEA SANT—STREET SCHOOL. In the same year one article in the warrant for the March meeting was, — To see if the town will erect or build a primary school-house on the proposed Pleasant street, formerly New State. 348 HISTORY OF MILTON. This was referred to a committee, who reported at an ad¬ journed meeting in April in favor of buying a suitable lot and building a house, and that a committee be chosen to buy the land and build the house. This committee made the following report at the March meeting, 1853: — That they had built a school-house one story in height, capable of ac¬ commodating sixty scholars, and provided with everything necessary for the convenience and comfort, of teacher and pupils, the whole expense being $1,622. In this house a school was opened January 10, 1853, with thirty-four pupils, and Miss L. D. Bacon as teacher. After the lapse of twenty-five years, the growth of the district requir¬ ing better accommodations, this house and lot were sold, and the present commodious house standing on Gun-Hill and Pleasant streets was built in 1879, at a cost of about $5,000. ESTABLISHMENT OF FAIRMOUNT SCHOOL. In 1857 the increase of population in the north-west section of the town, near the river, arising from the new settlement at Fairmount, made it necessary to establish a school there, which was kept in a building leased by the town, and was continued until the incorporation of the town of Hyde Park, when about four hundred acres of the territory of Milton, with all the new inhabitants, passed under the jurisdiction of that town. In 1859 the present school-house was erected in the Centre district, costing in all $3,900. The old school-house was con¬ verted into the dwelling-house now standing on the east side of Clapp street, near Central avenue. The “ Old Brick,” at the West district, within whose walls the children and the children’s children had gathered for fifty- eight years, finally gave place to the present structure, erected in 1870, at the cost of $7,000. In 1877 a new school-house was built at Mattapan to meet the increase of population in that section of the town. The whole cost, with furnishing and grading, was $7,965.34. MILTON HIGH SCHOOL. The High School was established in 1866. At that time Milton Academy was suspended and the Academy building was leased to the town for the purposes of the High School. Mr. Sereno D. Hunt, the Principal of the Academy, was selected by the School Committee as the Principal of the High School. Thus, for the time, the Academy ceased its work, and the High School PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 349 began its career of usefulness. This arrangement continued, with various changes of teachers, until 1884, when the Academy building, with two and a half acres of land, was sold by the Trustees of Milton Academy to the town of Milton. At the annual town meeting of 1885 an appropriation of $18,000 was voted for a new High School building. In the course of the same year the old Academy building was taken down and a spacious and commodious structure for the High School was erected on nearly the same site. During the time of build¬ ing, the sessions of the High School were held in the small room of the Town-Hall. At the same time Milton Academy started into new life under the most favorable auspices, occupying a new house, planned specially for the school, and provided with every convenience to facilitate study and to promote the health and comfort of teachers and pupils. NEW HIGH-SCHOOL BUILDING. The new High school-house is of brick, eighty-four feet long and fifty feet wide in front. It contains on the first floor a 350 HISTORY OF MILTON. school-room, thirty-six by thirty-nine feet, with two alcoves, one for the library and the other for the teacher’s desk; a recitation- room, twenty-two by eighteen feet; two dressing-rooms, eleven by eighteen feet; and a teachers’-room, nine by thirteen feet. The dressing-rooms and the teachers’-room have set-bowls and water. On the second floor, in front, there are two laboratories. The chemical laboratory is twenty-two by thirty-one feet, and has an experimental table for a class of sixteen pupils. The table is supplied with water and gas, and has two drawers and a closet for each pupil. In one corner of the room there is an evapor¬ ating hood with separate ventilation. The physical laboratory is twenty-eight feet by sixteen, and has opening into it by glass doors a large closet for apparatus. This is also furnished with a sink and water. Over the school-room there is a large unfinished room used by the girls for exercise. All the rooms are ventilated into a large brick shaft, through which passes the iron smoke-pipe from the furnaces. COURSE OF STUDY. First Term. Algebra (4). Physiology (3). English. (3). Latin (4). Geometry (3). English (2). English History (3). Latin or French (3). Physics (3). Chemistry (4). English (3). History (3). Arithmetic (1). Latin or French (3). First year. Second Term. Algebra (4). Book-keeping (3). English (3). Latin (4). Second year. Geometry (3). English (2). English History (3). Latin or French (3). Physics (3). Third year. Chemistry (4). English (2). History (2). Arithmetic (2). Latin or French (3). Third Term. Algebra (4). Botany (3). English (3). Latin (4). Geometry (3). English (2). English History (3). Latin or French (3). Physics (3). Astronomy (2). English (2). Civil Government (4). Arithmetic (2). Latin or French (3). A pupil who does not wish to take any foreign language can elect from the others two or more studies. Pupils who desire it can take additional study required for admission to college. MILTON TEACHERS. 351 MILTON TEACHERS. We here present a complete list of all teachers who have taught in five of the public schools of Milton from their estab¬ lishment to the present time; also a complete list of all teachers connected with the four older schools for the last forty years, including the years 1846 and 1887. For this valuable work, the town is indebted to the labor and care of our esteemed fellow- citizen, Capt. Edwin D. Wadsworth. TEACHERS IN HIGH SCHOOL Principals. S. D. Hunt, 1866 to 77. W. E. Bunten, 1877, 78. Hiram Tuell, 1878 to 87. Assistants. Miss E. Osgood, 1868 to 72. “ C. F. Babcock, 1871, 72. “ L. B. Kilham, 1873. “ F. Y. Emerson, 1874, 75. “ S. H. Weidemeyer, 1875. “ S. M. Yose, 1876. “ M. E. Wright, 1876, 77. “ H. C. Teele, 1878. “ H. F. Hallowell, 1878 to 87. TEACHERS IN N< Mixed School. Miss A. French, 1846. “ Catherine Morrison, 1847. D. B. Wheeler, 1847, 48. J. D. Littlefield, 1848. Miss Maria S. Breed, 1848 to 50. “ M. R. Mann, 1850. “ C. B. Tucker, 1851. Assistants, Mixed School. Miss Louisa Gan net, 1848. “ S. M. Landon, 1849. “ Lavina Fish, 1849. “ Matilda Durell, 1849. “ H. A. M. Mason, 1849, 50. “ S. H. Thayer, 1850. E IT WAS ESTABLISHED IN 1866. Teachers in Drawing. Miss S. E. Littlefield. M. L. Davenport. “ S. M. Yose. Teachers in Music. H. G. Carey, 1880 to 84. A. W. Thayer, 1884 to 87. Teachers in Sewing. Miss Harriet E. Brown, 1883. Mrs. W. H. B. Root, 1884 to 87. SCHOOL SINCE 1846. Grammar School. D. S. Wentworth, 1851 to 53. B. C. Yose, 1853. B. Paine, 1854. W. S. Clark, 1854, 55. F. Jacobs, 1855 to 58. M. C. Towle, 1858, 59. A. N. True, 1859, 60. W. H. Mayhen, 1860 to 64. L. Waterman, 1864. A. O. Fellows, 1865. H. G. Manahan, 1865 to 67. J. D. Billings, 1867, 68. W. B. Atwood, 1868, 69. P. A. Gay, 1870 to 1878. B. J. Legate, 1878, 79. George H. Culver, 1879, 80. Clarence Boylston, 1880 to 87. 352 HISTORY OF MILTON. Assistant, Grammar School. Miss H. D. Hutchinson, 1870, 71. Primary School—Established 1851. Miss R.NT. Wentworth, 1851 to 53. “ M. E. Murray, 1853, 54. “ L. A. Nightingale, 1854 to 59. “ S. A. Nightingale, 1860. “ M. J. Stewart, 1860 to 64. “ P. W. Bunker, 1865 to 70. TEACHERS IN SO Miss Mary A. Kennedy, 1846, 47. B. P. Williams, 1846. E. H. Holmes, 1847, 48. Miss Mary G. Tucker, 1848, 49. “ Mary A. Kennedy, 1849. Frederick Winson, 1849. Miss M. E. Wilbur, 1850, 51. “ R. Lynch, 1851 to 54. “ C. C. Tufts, 1853, 54. “ S. T. Walker, 1854 to 56. W. S. Everett, 1856 to 61. Miss E. C. Fisher, 1861 to 64. B. F. Blake, 1863, 64. Miss L. J. Cory, 1864. W. M. Bicknell, 1864 to 66. E. B. Fox, 1866 to 68. H. A. Freeman, 1868. Mrs. A. G. Carpenter, 1868, 69. Miss M. G. Westgate, 1870, 71. “ A. R. Rounsaville, 1871, 72. “ H. D. Hutchinson, 1872 to 87. “ Irene F. Waters, 1884. “ Mary E. Barrett, 1884. Assistants, Primary School. Miss C. L. Pierce, 1877, 78. “ J. P. Wate, 1878. “ A. S. Wate, 1879 to 84. “ S. Addie Bundy, 1884 to 87. SCHOOL SINCE 1846. Miss E. F. Simmons, 1869. “ Louisa Bronsden, 1869. “ S. G. Hinckley, 1870. “ Lucia Millett, 1870. L. A. Leonard, 1871. “ J. W. Kennedy, 1872., “ E. S. Mosher, 1873 to 75. Mrs. E. E. Sullivan, 1875, 76. Miss F. G. Morse, 1876 to 79. “ L. Roberta Capen, 1879, 80. “ L. J. Bartlett, 1880 to 82. “ Emily R. Holbrook, 1882 to 86. “ Julia M. Gordon, 1886, 87. Assistant. Miss Mary A. Farrington, 1887. TEACHERS IN EAST SCHOOL SINCE 1846. Grammar School. G. T. Littlefield, 1846 to 48. Adoniram Aldin, 1848. D. B. Wheeler, 1849. A. Alden, 1849. George W. Beal, 1849. W. C. Davol, 1850. D. S. Wentworth, 1850, 51. A. Wellington, 1851. L. T. Butler, 1851, 52. A. H. Flint, 1852, 1854. Elmer Washburne, 1854 to 56. H. W. Wentworth, 1856, 57. A. Alden, 1857. W. S. Cobb, 1857. G. S. Webster, 1857 to 63. C. M. Barrows, 1863 to 65. G. K. Daniell, jr., 1865. 66. C. Richardson, 1867, 68. S. J. Bullock, 1868 to 70. J. M. Teele, 1871. O. A. Andrews, 1871, 87. Miss Kate Cummerford, 1882. Assistants, Grammar School. Miss L. F. Emerson, 1870 to 74. “ C. J. Babcock, 1870. Primary School. Miss C. A. F. Beale, 1846 to 48. “ Mary A. Babcock, 1848 to 51. Charles F. Hobart, 1851, 57. MILTON TEACHERS. 853 Miss A. L. Flynn, 1852. “ S. F. Emery, 1852. “ M. A. Emery, 1857. “ E. T. Jones, 1857, 58. “ M. E. Yose, 1858 to 61. “ M. F. Whitman, 1861 to 63. “ C. E. Mayhew, 1863 to 87. Assista?its Primary School. Miss S. Y. Breck, 1879 to 83. “ Emma L. Ziegler, 1884 to 86. “ M. Beulah Cook, 1887. TEACHERS IN WEST Mixed School. Seth Littlefield, 1846, 47. Joseph D. Littlefield, 1847, 48. Charles F. Patch, 1848. Miss Clara B. Tucker, 1848. Charles F. Patch, 1849 to 52. E. C. Delano, 1852 to 55. E. F. Wood, 1855 to 62. James Sumner, 1859. W. F. Esty, 1862 to 64. B. F. Blake, 1864. H. F. Howard, 1862 to 68. Assistants, Mixed School. Miss Nellie Yose, 1865, 66. “ H. E. Barbour, 1866 to 68. “ A. M. Holmes, 1866. “ F. M. Kendall, 1868. Grammar School. Miss E. L. Darling, 1868, 69. “ L. S. Butler, 1869, 70. TEACHERS IN CENTRE SCHOOL K Mixed School. Miss Mary D. Breck, 1832, 33. “ -Talbot, 1834. Nathan Metcalf, 1835. W. H. Swan, 1835, 36. John P. Robinson, 1836, in hall over Reed’s store. Susan E. Adams, 1836, in vestry of church ; 1837, in new school-house. W. H. Swan, 1837 to 39. Rufus Adams, 1839 to 42. Almira Jones, 1842, 43. Intermediate School. Miss S. F. Emery, 1853 to 58. “ M. E. Yose, 1854, 58. “ S. T. Littlefield, 1858. “ G. F. Penniman, 1874 to 77. “ L. J. Blaisdell, 1877. “ F. A. Wiggin, 1877 to 79. “ E. Reddington, 1879. “ C. F. Spear, 1879 to 81. “ A. F. Kelley, 1881. “ Emma L. Ziegler, 1881. “ Fanny Potter, 1881, 82. “ Alice E. Linekin, 1883 to 87. SCHOOL SINCE 1846. Miss R. H. Holyoke, 1870. J. W. Brown, 1870, 71. S. W. Clarke, 1871, 73. J. W. Clarke, 1874, 77. A. G. Fisher, 1878. D. G. Thompson, 1878 to 82. W. T. Hart, 1882 to 87. Assistant, Grammar School. Miss K. C. Bradlee, 1875. Primary School. Miss Hattie E. Barbour, 1868. “ Fannie M. Kendall, 1869,70. “ Nellie F. Yose, 1872, 73. “ L. W. Yose, 1873 to 77. “ Helen E. Sumner, 1877, 78. “ M. L. Pierce, 1878, 79. “ M. E. Tufts, 1879, 80. “ M. E. Upham, 1880 to 82. “ Emma L. Ziegler, 1881. “ Grace B. Fisher, 1882, 83. “ Kate L. Brown, 1883 to 87. rCE IT WAS ESTABLISHED IN 1832. Mr.- Brown, 1843. John Q. Adams, 1844. Miss M. A. Kennedy, 1844, 45. * 4 ‘ Helen French, 1845. Mrs. M. S. Webster, 1846, 47. N. B. Bryant, 1846, 47. Gorham Bartlett, 1847. Ahira Holmes, 1847 to 49. Miss Alice Cunningham, 1849, 50. “ Sarah M. Yose, 1850, 51. J. Moore, 1851, 52. Miss H. A. Emerson, 1852, 53. “ C. R. Haven, 1853. 354 HISTORY OF MILTON. Miss M. E. Balch, 1853 to 55. “ E. T. Jones, 1855. Assistants, Mixed School. Miss E. J. Gerrish, 1847. “ Elizabeth Sias, 1849, 50. “ M. S. Kendall, 1850, 51. Grammar School. John L. Davis, 1855 to 62. David Bentley, 1862 to 64. M. T. Copeland, 1864 to 68. E. T. Crafts, 1868 to 76. Clarence Boylston, 1876 to 80. Miss M. E. Parsons, 1880, 81. Winthrop Packard, 1880, 81. O. W. Sears, 1881 to 86. C. F. Merrick, 1887. Assistant, Grammar School. Miss M. G. Shepherd, 1872, 73. Primary School, established 1860. Miss G. M. Clapp, 1860 to 65. “ H. A. Cowles, 1861. “ C. T. Clapp, 1865, 66. “ E. C. Emerson, 1866 to 79. “ Ida M. Sears, 1879 to 87. Assistant, Primary School. Miss M. F. Emerson, 1877. TEACHERS IN PLEASANT-STREET SCHOOL SINCE IT WAS ESTABLISHED IN 1852. Mixed School. Miss L. D. Bacon, 1852 to 55. “ M. E. Yose, 1855, 56. Josiah Fairbank, 1856, 57. Miss S. P. Adams, 1857. B. B. Torrey, 1857, 58. W. H. Mayhew, 1858 to 60. Miss E. M. Emerson, 1860 to 62. “ H. A. Cowles, 1862 to 64. “ S. D. Nute, 1864 to 69. “ A. G. Pierce, 1869 to 79. “ E. M. Barbour, 1872, 73. Assistants, Mixed School. Miss A. N. Grover, 1877. “ M. A. King, 1878, 79. Grammar School. Miss A. G. Pierce, 1879 to 87. Primary School. Miss Olive Holbrook, 1879 to 83. “ Sarah Y. Breck, 1884 to 87. TEACHERS IN FAIRMOUNT SCHOOL. ESTABLISHED IN 1857. Mixed School. Miss A. M. Nightingale, 1857, 58. Mrs. H. F. Rich, 1858, 59. Miss M. J. Stewart, 1859. B. C. Yose, 1859 to 63. A. Sherman, 1863 to 65. P. D. Leonard, 1865, 66. Assistants, Mixed School. Miss M. H. Paysen, 1863 to 65. “ A. F. Williams, 1865, 66. Grammar School. P. D. Leonard, 1867. 68. Fairmont set off to Hyde Park in 1868. Primary School. Miss A. F. Williams, 1867. “ S. A. Everett, 1867, 68. TEACHERS IN MATTAPAN SCHOOL. ESTABLISHED IN 1877. Miss A. Bunker, 1877, 78. Mrs. S. A. Williams, 1878 to 81. Miss Fanny Potter, 1881. “ Emily Holbrook, 1881, 82. “ L. Jennie Bartlett, 1882 to 84. Miss M. R. Leavitt, 1885. “ Addie A. Jackson, 1885. “ Lilia D. Ide, 1885, 86. “ Orissa M. Baxter, 1886, 87. MILTON TEACHERS. 355 STATISTICAL REPORT OF MILTON SCHOOLS. Valuation of Milton, 1885 .$12,385,150 Number of children between five and fifteen, May 1, 1885 . 627 Number of schools. 15 Number of teachers ...... 17 Whole number of pupils registered during year . 679 Average number belonging ..... 536 Average daily attendance. 499 Ratio of attendance to average number belonging, .93- expenditures FOR THE YEAR. Teachers’ salaries, fuel, and care of rooms . . $14,455.92 Repairs, incidentals, music, sewing, and supervi¬ sion . . . . . ... . . 4,825.87 $19,281.79 MILTON GRADUATES OF HARVARD COLLEGE. 1690, Rev. Benjamin Wadsworth. 1690, Joseph Belcher. 1696, Peter Thacher. 1697, John Swift. 1698, Oxenbridge Thacher. 1698, Richard Billings. 1700, John Holman. 1703, Nathaniel Pitcher. 1706, Peter Thacher. 1708, Recompense Wadsworth. 1717, Joseph Belcher. 1720, Joseph Gooch. 1722, Ebenezer Miller. 1723, J ohn W ads worth. 1723, Joseph Belcher. 1724, Isaac Billings. 1733, Seth Adams. 1735, William Foye. 1735, Samuel Swift. 1737, Benjamin Prat. 1738, Oxenbridge Thacher. 1741, Grindall Rawson. 1744, Nathaniel Tucker. 1752, John Miller. 1769, Benjamin Wadsworth. 1769, Peter Thacher. 1770, Samuel Kinsley Glover. 1770, William S. Hutchinson. 1772, Josiah Badpock. 1773, Samuel Henshaw. 1775, Rufus Badcock. 1775, Edward H. Robbins. 1775, Thomas Thacher. 1778, Job Sumner. 1778, Jesse Tucker. 1783, J. Smith Boies. 1783, Ebenezer Tucker. 1784, N. J. Robbins. 1787, Solomon Yose. 1787, John Murray Forbes. 1790, Roger Yose. 1796, Charles Pinckney Sumner. 1812, Edward H. Robbins. 1816, Jason Reed. 1822, Josiah Bent. 1826, Charles Rollin Kennedy. 1831, Nathaniel Tucker Bent. 1831, Asaph Churchill. 1831, Wm. Saxton Morton. 1831, Warren Jacobs Whitney. 1836, JohnRuggles. 1840, Joseph McKean Churchill. 1845, Charles Marshall Spring Churchill. 1846, Jonathan Russell. 1852, William Robert Ware. 1854, Joseph Rowe Webster. 1856, Jonathan Chapman. HISTORY OF MILTON. 856 •1859, AmorLeanderHollingsworth, 1860, Henry S. Russell. 1861, William Hathaway Forbes. 1862, Charles Pickard Ware. 1863, George Shattuek Morison. 1867, Horace Everett Ware. 1869, Robert Swain Morison. 1869, Nathaniel Morton Safford. 1869, Robert Clifford Watson. 1870, Thomas Lesley Hinckley. 1871, William Ellery Channing Eustis. 1873, Lemuel Hollingsworth Bab¬ cock. 1874, Edward Emerson Simmons. 1875, Gorham Palfrey Faucon. 1875, Frank Sedgwick Watson. 1876, Frederic Henry Kidder. 1877, Stedman Willard Clary. 1879, Charles Archibald Kidder. 1880, Franklin Davis White. 1884, Hollis Webster. 1886, Frank Spooner Churchill. 1887, James Savage Russell. GRADUATES OF YALE COLLEGE. 1833, Joshua Thomas Tucker. I 1851, James Gardiner Yose. 1842, Albert Kendall Teele. j 1859, Thomas Edwin Ruggles. Elisha G. Babcock was a graduate of Amherst College, 1824. Nathaniel Foster Safford was a graduate of Dartmouth College, 1835. Edward Lillie Pierce was a graduate of Brown University, 1850. Walter Denison Brooks was a graduate of Williams College, 1868. INDUSTRIES OF MILTON. 357 CHAPTER XII. INDUSTRIES OF MILTON. T HE first manufactories of the town sprang up along the Neponset river, where various enterprises were started at a very early date. The early adventurers were led, by the natural advantages of the river, to settle in its near vicinity, and were quick to discern the water-power at the head of navigation and at the rapids above. The river has been identified with the whole history of the town. It has proved an important factor in its successful beginnings and in its subsequent development. A description of it will be of interest to every citizen. NEPONSET RIVEE. I have applied to our Indian interpreter, Dr. J. Hammond Trumbull, for the signification of the Indian word “ Neponset.” But though that eminent scholar was so felicitous in his inter¬ pretation of Unquity-quisset, he informs me that thus far the word “ Neponset ” resists all analysis. The Neponset river takes its rise in the northern part of the town of Foxborough. In that section there are large tracts of swamps and of low, springy lands, from which issue several little streams, which, combined, form the western branch of the Neponset. In the year 1846 a number of the mill-owners on the river obtained from the Legislature an act of incorporation, under the title of the “ Neponset Reservoir Company,” for the pur¬ pose of securing and retaining for their mills a reserve of water for a time of drought. By throwing a dam across the stream formed by the united brooklets flowing from these low lands, the waters are retained and thrown back over an area of be¬ tween three and four hundred acres, lying within North, Beach, Mechanic, and Chestnut streets in Foxborough, giving a general depth of eight feet when well filled. This is known as the “ Neponset Reservoir.” From this source a small stream flows 358 HISTORY OF MILTON. northerly into Walpole, where it receives the waters of Diamond brook, rising in Sharon, and Mill brook, rising in Medfield. From Walpole it enters the southerly part of Nor¬ wood, and flows northerly, easterly, and southerly, receiving the waters of Bubbling brook from Medfield and Dover, and of Traphole brook, from Sharon, and forms the boundary between Norwood and the northerly point of Sharon. Thence it flows northerly, forming the boundary between Norwood and Canton, where it receives the large stream called the eastern branch of the Neponset, formed by the overflow of Massapoag pond, in Sharon, uniting with the waters of York brook from the north-east part of Canton. Running still in a northerly course it becomes the boundary between Dedham and Canton, receiv¬ ing the surplus waters from Ponkapog. For upwards of seven miles, through Norwood and Dedham to Paul’s bridge, the river flows through a tract of low meadow land, called the “ Great Fowl Meadows,” from a peculiar grass that grew there, abounding in seed, which made it the choice feeding-ground for large flocks of birds and fowl. For about half a mile west of Paul’s bridge the river forms the boundary between Milton and Hyde Park, and for a short distance east of the bridge; thence running through the southerly part of Hyde Park, it is fed by “ Mother brook,” which is formed by diverting one-third of the water of Charles river from its natural course, and turning it through Dedham and Hyde Park into the Neponset. Leaving Hyde Park, the river takes a more easterly course, forming the boundary between Milton and Boston, and between Quincy and Boston, till it is lost in the waters of the bay. TIDES. The head of tide-water is at Milton Village, or Milton Lower Mills. Here the average high tide rises within four inches of the top of a triangular rock standing out from the bed of rocks at the end of the mill erected by Dr. Ware, and about ten feet distant therefrom, near the Milton end of the foot¬ bridge, and on its west side. The ordinary rise of the tide from low to high water is about ten feet; while the greatest known range between low and high water is nineteen feet five and a half inches. The top of the bolt sunk in the rock on the east side of the bridge shows the height of the tide of April 16, 1851, called the “light-house tide,” which was the highest ever known, and is recorded as six feet eight and a half inches above average tide. This bolt was BRIDGES. 359 bent over by tbe flood, of Feb., 1886, but not displaced. Its exact height is preserved by other tide-marks near the river. The white brick inserted on the east face of the chimney of the Milton chocolate building, about thirteen feet from the top, indicates the height of one hundred feet above ordinary high tide, or marsh level. FISH. In early times the river was full of fish of various kinds, which afforded a large revenue to the early settlers, and con¬ tributed in no small degree to the support of the inhabitants through the protracted wars of the last century. Within the present century bass and ale wives were abundant in the river, but all have now disappeared. 1771 June 10. Caught 2000 shad in one day in the seine. — 1772 June 25. Caught 6000 shad menhaden and bass. 1773 June 14. ' Made a great haul of shad, caught 4000 sent 40 barrels to Boston. — S. Pierce's Diary.. BRIDGES. In the earliest times the passage over the river at the Lower Mills was by the ford, a short distance above the present bridge. Near this point the first bridge was built, by Israel Stough¬ ton, in 1634. 1634 April l 8ti M r Israel Stoughton hath liberty granted him to build a Myll a Ware and a bridge oyer Naponsett Ryver, and to sell the Alewives hee takes att 5 s " the thousand. — Court Records. It is highly probable that this was but a foot-bridge, as most of the inhabitants of Dorchester were several miles distant on the north side of the river, and residents on the south side were still farther removed, at or near the Plymouth colony, with only foot or bridle paths on each side. Besides, on peti¬ tion of Mrs. Stoughton, twenty years later, it was decided that, — As the fording was hard and good for passing, she be discharged from keeping a horse bridge and be permitted to maintain a good foot bridge with a good rayle. Doubtless the river was the chief passage-way to the mill for the people of Dorchester, while the travel between the 360 HISTORY OF MILTON,\ Bay and Plymouth colonies was by the ford and the ferries, two of which had been established at the above date. May 23. 1655. It appearing that the bridge over Naponsit Rivere is wholly ruined and that there is, as alledged, a necessity of a cart bridge over that river at some place near Mrs. Stoughtons Mill, the Court ap¬ pointed a committee of seven &c. One of this committee was Richard Collicot, who had then built his house a mile from the river, on the Milton side; an¬ other was Mr. Dyar, of Weymouth; and a third, Mr. Bass, of Braintree. The said committee was delegated with full power to “select the place, complete the work, and make returns to the next County Court.” This committee — some of whom were especially interested for themselves and their several towns in securing a passage¬ way over the river which lay in their path to Boston — suc¬ ceeded in erecting a substantial bridge below the present one, of greater length, and running more obliquely across the stream. With partial rebuilding and frequent repairs this bridge stood more than a hundred years. In the year 1765 the towns of Dorchester and Milton con¬ structed a new wooden bridge, with stone piers, where the present bridge now stands, but at a lower grade. No further change was made until 1847, when stone arches took the place of the old structure, the bridge was raised four and a half feet, and was widened out beyond its former dimen¬ sions. One-half of the expense of this change, amounting to $1,346.30, was met by each of the towns interested. The fill¬ ing in, required to meet the new grade of the bridge and to give sufficient height to the railroad bridge, greatly reduced the rise of the hills on both sides of the river, and improved in no small degree the general appearance of the place. In 1871 the sum of $10,000 was expended by Milton and Dorchester in widening this bridge, and in other improve¬ ments, which placed it in its present condition. MATTAPAN BRIDGE. As early as 1709 the river at Mattapan began to be employed in aid of industrial pursuits, and a cart-bridge was talked of to facilitate the work. There had been a bridge of some kind at this point for many years, probably a foot-bridge near the ford, to accommodate farmers in reaching the ox-pen. In 1712 the selectmen of Milton “laid out an open high¬ way from the ox-pen to the river where a cart-bridge is to be BRIDGES. 361 erected.” The road may not have been built when it was laid out, but the present road to the bridge is in the same line as the one then projected. The bridge was not erected in 1712, but the old bridge may have been repaired by the mill-owners for their own convenience. On the 18th of September, 1734, a highway was laid out over the bridge near Jackson’s Mills, by order of the General Sessions of the Peace for the County of Suffolk. In the year 1736 a petition was preferred to said Sessions by Robert Spur and others, praying that said bridge might be made a county charge. In the same year, in consequence of said petition, Col. Dudley and others were appointed a committee, who re¬ ported “ that it ought to be repaired at the charge of the county, which accordingly was done.” This bridge was rebuilt by Dorchester in 1760, at a cost of <£34 6s. Id.; when the selectmen applied to the Court of General Sessions for the payment of this sum and were refused, Jan. 2, 1761. The General Court was petitioned by Dorchester that this bridge be deemed a county bridge and be maintained at the charge of the county of Suffolk. The disposal of the peti¬ tion is as follows : — In Council, Jan. 2, 1761. Read and Accepted. Sent down for concurrence. A. Oliver Secretary. In House oe Representatives, Jan. 13, 1761. Read and nonconcurred, and ordered that the petition referred to he dis¬ missed. Sent up for concurrence. James Otis Speaker. In Council, Jan. 13, 3761. Read and concurred. A. Oliver Secretary. Citizens of Milton appeared in favor of the petition with the plea — That being acquainted with the upper and lower roads over Naponset River leading from Stoughton through Milton and Dorchester to Boston, we judge that four Creatures of the same strength will carry a load to Boston y e upper road over the bi'idge near Jacksons Mills as easily as five creat¬ ures will the lower road. Stoughton, Medfield, Walpole, and Boston appeared as re¬ monstrants. In the remonstrance of Boston it is stated — That by reason of the erection of the Slitting-Mill, in 1732, public neces¬ sity called for a new bridge at this point where a bridge had existed for 362 HISTORY OF MILTON. fifty, sixty, or seventy years before, and the County of Suffolk constructed the bridge in 1736, for the benefit of the public having connection with the mill; that not a dollar had been expended by the County in the repairs of the bridge from the day of its erection till it was rebuilt by Dorchester in 1760. — State Archives , Lib. 121 , Fol. 377-379. It appears, therefore, that after the bridge was built by the county, in 1T36, it thenceforth came under the jurisdiction of the towns adjacent to the river, and was rebuilt and maintained by Dorchester and Milton. This condition of things remained till the bridge and its maintenance were assumed by the Brush Hill Turnpike Corporation, in 1805. In 1848, this bridge “ being in an unsafe and dangerous con¬ dition,” the county commissioners laid out a quarter of a mile of the road, including this bridge and the Trench bridge, as a public highway, thus throwing it for support upon the towns abutting the river. In 1850 a new stone bridge was built over the river at this point. Milton’s share of the expense was $670. The new iron bridge now spanning the river at Mattapan was put in place and completed Oct. 28, 1869. For this, Milton paid $1,324.10, being one-half of the cost. Paul’s bridge. There was a bridge at the foot of “ Fowl Meadows,” for the benefit of the farmers in that section, at an early date, called “ Hubbard’s bridge.” It was built by Mr. Hubbard, the second husband of a daughter of Israel Stoughton, who owned a large tract of land on the river, inherited from his father-in-law, Col. Stoughton. In 1759 the towns of Milton and Dedham rebuilt this bridge, the cost to be met in proportion to the province tax of each town. BRIDGES. 863 In 1807 it was again rebuilt, on the same conditions; but before this date it took the name of “Paul’s bridge,” from the owner of the adjacent lands on the Dedham side. In 1849 the towns of Milton and Dedham erected a new stone bridge, which still stands, in good condition. Milton’s part of the expense was $627.62. GRANITE BRIDGE. The increase of the granite business at East Milton and West Quincy created the necessity for a more direct avenue across the river to Boston ; to meet this necessity Granite bridge was built in 1837. In 1848 two bridges were built by the Dorchester and Milton branch of the Old Colony Railroad over the Neponset, within the limits of Milton. FAIRMOITNT BRIDGE. A bridge across the river atFairmount (now Hyde Park) was constructed in 1857, towards which the town of Milton paid $696. CENTRAL-AVENUE BRIDGE. Finally, the bridge at Central avenue was built in 1877, at a cost of $7,200, one-half of which was paid by Milton. Thus it appears that the Neponset is bridged seven times within the limits of Milton, — twice for the railroad, and five times for the convenience of public travel between the towns. To this number the bridge at Fairmount may fairly be added, as it was constructed in part by Milton, while the territory belonged to this town, and still remains the passage-way over the river to the railroads for the residents of Brush Hill and vicinity. NAVIGATION. The river and landing-place, though now seemingly so quiet, in early days presented a scene of great business life and activ¬ ity. Before railroads were known, or bridges obstructed the passage of the stream, the head of navigation on the Neponset was a point of no little importance. The centre of trade was the immense wholesale and retail store of Daniel Yose, a man of great business activity and capacity, and a leading man of his day. He was the factor of the farmers and producers for a wide section of country. 364 HISTORY OF MILTON. Trains of baggage teams from interior towns and from Bristol County, bringing in the merchandise gathered from country stores, made this their terminus, and received in exchange for their articles of trade West India goods and other commodities. Butter, cheese, eggs, flaxseed, hoop-poles, etc., were the chief articles of traffic; in return for these the prolific store furnished everything, from a hogshead of molasses to a paper of pins. The sloops of Mr. Yose were running to Boston, Salem, Gloucester, and other places, to meet the demands of his business, which embraced, in addition to the store, a paper-mill, chocolate- mill, saw-mill, grist-mill, lumber-wharf, and distillery. In the year 1777 the French fleet of thirteen large ships, under the command of Count d’Estaing, was supplied with fresh water for the return passage, from Neponset river. By contract with Daniel Yose it was taken from above the dam. in butts, and conveyed by his sloops to the French ships, the French mariners, under their own officers, doing all manual labor. In the year 1833 navigation in the river reached its climax. Seventy-four vessels, of an aggregate of six thousand tons, discharged their freight at the village, besides many others that came up the river empty, and loaded with granite. Larger vessels are now employed in the lumber and coal trade, which, though less in number, aggregate even a greater tonnage. It is manifest that the tonnage of lumber, coal, and grain discharged at the landing-place and station in Milton increases with the increase of population and demand; and these industries now furnish the chief, if not the only, business in the navigation of the river. On this little river, and within the borders of this town, started some of the industries which were most important to the welfare of the early inhabitants, and have ever since con¬ tributed to the happiness, the prosperity, and the wealth of our country and of mankind. GRAIN BUSINESS., The first grain-store at the village was opened, in 1827, by William Hobart, of Braintree. His grain was shipped directly from New York, in schooners chartered by himself, which re¬ turned laden with granite. Joseph Young was the successor of William Hobart in the grain business. He carried it on for a few years, and sold to Jason F. Kennedy. Mr. Kennedy was followed by Samuel Everett, and he by George K. Gannett, when it passed into the hands of Samuel Gannett, the present owner. From year to year the business has gradually increased, INDUSTRIES OF MILTON. 365 until, under the present management, it furnishes supplies of grain and hay through a wide section in Milton and the neigh¬ boring towns. LUMBER BUSINESS. Daniel Yose dealt in lumber, for the accommodation of his customers; but the first special lumber wharf was established by Joseph Porter, a native of Wrentham, in 1824. He con¬ tinued in the business till 1834, and was succeeded by Samuel Everett and Clapp & Everett till 1839. General Whitney car¬ ried on a small lumber business on his own wharf prior to 1839. R. M. Todd and Seth D. Whitney purchased the lease of the wharf, and had the trade from 1839 to 1842, when Mr. Whitney retired, and Mr. Todd conducted the business alone for twenty- four years. In 1866 George K. Gannett was admitted as part¬ ner, and Mr. Todd retired Jan. 1, 1870. Jan. 1, 1871, Mr. Gannett sold to Lewis & Godfrey. Mr. Lewis retired Jan. 1, 1872. The business was continued by O. S. Godfrey till 1881, when his son Nathan became a partner, under the style of O. S. Godfrey & Son. Mr. Godfrey died in 1883, and F. M. Robin¬ son became a member of the firm, under the same name. No. of lumber vessels in 1875, 13. I Brick vessels in 1875, 8. “ “ ■ “ 1885, 23. | “ “ 1885, 7. Quantity of lumber and building material sold in 1875, $54,980.32 “ “ “ “ “ 1885, $72,754.98 COAL BUSINESS. Anthracite coal was first offered for sale in Milton by Joseph Porter, about 1830. The business was carried on by him and by Clapp & Porter till 1839. At this early date there was but little demand for coal; some years none was landed at the wharf. Messrs. Todd & Whitney began to deal in it in 1839, in connection with their lumber trade, and continued till 1842, when, the firm being dissolved, the business was carried on by Mr. Todd till 1857. Then George Gibson had the business for one year. In 1858 Mr. Todd took it up again. G. K. Gannett became partner with Mr. Todd in 1866; in January, 1869, they sold the coal business to E. D. Wadsworth, who kept it six years, and then sold to L. N. Godfrey. He sold to O. S. God¬ frey in 1878, who held the trade till his death, in 1883. Since that time it has been carried on by his heirs. 366 HISTORY OF MILTON. Amount of coal sold in 1889 “ “ “ 1845 “ u u i 8 05 “ “ “ 1874 “ “ “ 1885 No. of vessels with coal, 1869 “ “ “ 1873 “ “ “ 1885 about 300 tons. 550 “ 1,900 7,855 10,119 15 21 25 In addition to the industries of Milton village already de¬ scribed, are the following now in operation: The carpentry of S. M. Severance, supplying occupation to from sixty to seventy-five men; the extensive establishment of Strangman & Co., embracing planing, moulding, sawing mills; blacksmith, painting, and carriage business; two grocery stores, a drug¬ store, a gentleman’s furnishing store, jewelry store, boot and shoe store, provision store, all of long standing; Strangman’s harness-making shop, Chapman’s paint-shop, and Crossman’s extensive stables and shops. In olden times a single store located at the end of the bridge embraced many of these branches of trade, as will be seen in the note below. 1 1 The following rhymed advertisement, presenting a real picture of the old-time country store, appeared in the “ Norfolk Repository,” published at Dedham in 1805. It is the production of Samuel Temple, a man of note in his day. He was the author of “ Temple’s Arithmetic” and the “ Child’s Assistant,” both of which were popular in the schools of the times. The store of Mr. Temple stood not far from the tavern on the Dorchester side. He afterwards moved to Milton, and kept a drug-store, where he died, in 1815. The arch referred to was erected over the bridge at the dividing line between Dorchester and Milton, suggested by the attempt of the commissioners, Pinckney, Gerry, and Marshall, to ne¬ gotiate a treaty with Prance in 1798. It bore in letters of gold the following inscription : “ We unite in defense of our country and its laws 1798 .” It was blown down in the gale of 1815. ADVERTISEMENT EXTRA. To be sold at the store opposite the Arch over Milton Bridge, the following articles viz: • Salt Pork and Powder, Shot & Flints Cheese, Sugar, Rum & Peppermints Tobacco, Raisins, Flour & Spice Flax, Cotton, Wool and sometimes Rice Old Holland Gin and Gingerbread Brandy & Wine, all sorts of Thread Segars I keep, sometimes one bunch; Materials all for making Punch. Biscuit and Butter, Eggs and Fishes Molasses, Beer and Earthen Dishes Books on such subjects as you’ll find A proper food to feast the mind. Hard Soap & Candles, Tea & Snuff, Tobacco pipes perhaps enough; Shells, Chocolate Stetson’s Hoes As good as can be (I suppose) Straw Hats, Oak Baskets, Oxen Muzzles A thing which many people puzzles Knives, Forks, Spoons, Plates, Mugs, Pitchers, Platters A Gun with Shot wild geese bespatters Spades, Shovels, Whetstones, Scythes, & Rakes As good as any person makes Shirts, Frocks, Shoes, Mittens, also Hose And many other kinds of Clothes Shears, Scissors, Awls, Wire, Bonnet Paper Old Violin and Cat Gut Scraper FIRST THINGS. 367 At East Milton there are one grocery and variety store, two grocery and provision stores, and one dry-goods store, together with the extensive granite business of West Quincy and East Milton, giving occupation to a large number of our citizens. Near Blue Hill is the grocery store of Tileston & Aldrich, and the provision store of H. B. Tucker. FIRST THINGS. We are not unduly earnest to claim for Milton the “First Things ” here spoken of. Until, however, other towns estab¬ lish a priority of claim Milton will stand first. THE FIRST GRIST-MILL. In 1633 Israel Stoughton petitioned the town of Dorchester for the right to erect a mill on the Neponset. The town granted it, with the privilege of cutting timber on his plantation for building the mill on condition that he should construct a bridge over the river. In 1634 the General Court confirmed the grant. The mill was built the same year, on the site now occupied by the Stone Chocolate Mill. In the autumn of 1634 the waters of the Neponset turned the first wheel ever set up on its shores, and ground the. first corn ever ground by water-power in New England. The mill proved of incalcula¬ ble advantage to the Dorchester plantation, and gave name and character to the locality. Israel Stoughton, proprietor of the mill, was grantee of the land for a long distance on the Milton shore of the river. The timber for the mill and the bridge grew on his Milton farm. Tubs, Buckets, Pails and Pudding Pans Bandanna Handkerchiefs & Fans Shagbarks and Almonds, Wooden Boxes Steel Traps, (not stout enough for Foxes But excellent for holding Rats When they ellude the Paws of Cats) I’ve more than Forty kinds of Drugs Some good for Worms and some for Bugs Lee’s, Anderson’s & Dexter Pills Which cure at least a hundred Ills Astringents, Laxatives, Emetics, Cathartics, Cordials, Diuretics, Narcotics, Stimulants & Pungents With half a dozen kinds of Unguents Perfumes most grateful to the Nose When mixed with Snuff or dropd on clothes One Medicine more (not much in fame) Prevention is its real name An ounce of which an author says Outweighs a Ton of Remedies I’ve many things I shall not mention To sell them cheap is my intention Lay out a dollar when you come And you shall have a glass of Rum N.B. Since man to man is so unjust Tis hard to say whom I can trust I’ve trusted many to my sorrow Pay me to-day. I’ll trust to-morrow Dorchester, June, 1805. 368 HISTORY OF MILTON. The bridge united his property, and secured the benefits of the mill to the south side of the river as well as to the north. John Gill, who purchased of the heirs of Israel Stoughton the Milton estate, included in the purchase the grist-mill. This indi¬ cates a close connection between the mill and the Milton property. And this connection was affirmed by the authorities of Dorchester in 1662, when Milton was set off from that town, by adjudging that the grist-mill also be assigned to Milton as its taxable property. In the year of our Lord 1887, and in each of the two hundred and twenty-five preceding years that have passed since the town was incorporated, this mill has paid taxes to Milton, while other mills that from time to time have been built around the grist-mill, and are covered by the same roof, are taxed to the town in which they stand. Thus, though the grist-mill stands on Dorchester land, it may fairly be adjudged, as belonging to Milton. THE FIRST POWDER-MILL. In the custody of Edmund J. Baker, of Dorchester, may be found a deed on parchment, bearing date of August 22, 1673, from John Gill, of Milton, conveying to Rev. John Oxenbridge, pastor, Rev. James Allen, teacher, Robert Sanderson, one of the deacons of the First Church in Boston, also Captain John Hull and Freegrace Mendall, merchants of Boston, a tract of land situated at Neponset river in Milton, thirty rods long and six rods wide, together with one-half of the stream, for the purpose of erecting a powder-mill. The land thus conveyed is now occupied by the chocolate-mill of Mr. Pierce, and the grist¬ mill of Mr. Gannett, lying on the west side of Adams street and abutting the river. These five individuals, in connection with Mr. Thomas Thacher, Sen., Mr. Humphrey Davie, and Mr. John Wiswall, Sen., formed a partnership, July 16, 1675, for erecting a powder-mill and carrying on the same at Neponset, in the town of Milton. John Wiswall brought into the company a tract of land, of about eight acres, lying along the north side of the river just below the bridge, now covered in part by the large chocolate-mill of Mr. Pierce. The new company carried on their work of building and furnishing with so great despatch that in three months after the formation of the company everything was completed, as appears by the record: — [Courts Records Yol. 5, Page 51.] Oct. 13, 1675. A mill for making powder being erected at Ynkety or Dorchester mill by particular persons, FIRST THINGS. 369 and is now ready to worke with all materials, and there being danger in this time of warr of destruction by fire or otherwise to the sayd mill, which may be prejudicall to the publick as well as to pticular persons, all which the Court considering doe order that care be taken for a constant watch there for preservation of sayd mill and the greist mill adjoining thereunto, being of so great concernment both to the town of Dorchester and Milton, and that two watchmen be appointed there one from Dorchester and the other from Milton for that end. Nov. 3, 1675. This Court having ordered two watchmen from Dorchester and Milton to watch at Dorchester Mill and vnderstanding the vndertakers of the powder mill for the better diffence thereof are erecting a small stone watch-house at their own charges, on their request as being a publick con¬ cernment, this Court declares that the vndertakers of the powder mill may repair to any one magistrate who by the law is empowered to give warrant,, to impress workmen to cany on publick works of which this is. The powder-mill was erected on the Milton side, where the- grist-mill now stands, and the watch-house was on the Dor¬ chester side, just below the bridge. This was the first powder- mill in the country. The company placed Walter Everden in charge of the powder- mill, in which business he continued for nearly fifty years. Meanwhile much of the property had changed hands. Ever¬ den had purchased one share after another, until, in 1722, Everden and Israel Howe were the sole owners. About this time the partnership was dissolved. In the settlement then made Walter Everden took all the property in Dorchester, and Israel Howe took all the Milton portion. In 1724 Walter Everden sold to his son Benjamin the Dorchester property and retired from business. He died in 1725. In the year 1744 the original powder-mill in Milton blew up, destroying the building, and scattering the mutilated remains of the workmen in charge over the hill near by. Israel Howe, the owner of the powder-mill, died in 1736, leaving as his only heirs his widow Judith and two daughters, Elizabeth and Sarah. Sarah died early. His widow married Mr. Jenkins. Elizabeth married Nathaniel Gilman, of Halifax, and died childless. One half of the mill estate fell to Mr. Gilman, the husband of Elizabeth, and was set off on execution, in 1752, to Ebenezer Storer. The other half, from the estate of Elizabeth, went to her mother, Judith Jenkins, and was sold by her guardian, Joseph Howe, to Edward Wentworth and Henry Stone. Ebenezer Storer sold his half in 1765 to James Boies who sold the same to Edward Wentworth. Wentworth and Stone erected a saw and chocolate mill on the site of the original powder-mill, which had remained unimproved from the time the mill was destroyed, 370 HISTORY OF MILTON. and commenced work March 8, 1765. In 1766 Henry Stone sold his share to Edward Wentworth, making him the sole owner. July 11, 1768, Edward Wentworth conveyed the property to Barlow Trecothic. Mr. Daniel Yose leased the mill until the death of Trecothic, and in 1792 bought the property of his trustees. Mr. Yose died in 1807. In the division of his estate the mill went to his son, Daniel T. Yose, and to his granddaughter, Clarissa, the wife of Dr. Henry Gardner; and upon the death of Daniel T. Yose, in 1837, Mrs. Gardner came into possession of the whole property. In 1817 the mill was leased to Mr. Francis Brinley, who con¬ verted it into an establishment for grinding and pulverizing drugs, medicines, and dyestuffs. He also put in a saw for veneers, and here were sawed the first veneers ever manufactured in America except by hand-power. August 1, 1827, the works were consumed by fire, but immediately rebuilt. The mill continued to be used for grinding drugs until sold by Mrs. Gardner, March 8, 1850, to the Dorchester Cotton and Iron Company. They removed the old red mill, and erected a chocolate and grist mill. Webb and Twombly took possession of the chocolate-mill in October, 1850, and purchased the same in May, 1855, where they carried on the chocolate manufacture. Mr. Twombly sold his interest to Mr. Webb in 1861. Mr. Webb sold to Henry L. Pierce, July 1, 1881, and retired from business. Mr. Pierce enlarged and greatly improved a portion of the mill, and in 1884 removed the remaining part, erecting in its place the imposing brick structure now occupying, in part, the site of the old powder-mill of 1675. THE FIRST PAPER-MILE. In the month of January, 1728, a company was formed for the purpose of carrying on the business of paper-making. The General Court was petitioned to grant the company the exclusive right to this manufacture in the Province for a term of fifteen years, as will appear in the accompanying transcript from the Court Records: — AH ACT FOR THE ENCOURAGEMENT OP PAPER-MAKING. Whereas the making of paper within this Province will be of public ben¬ efit and service, but inasmuch as the erecting of Mills for that purpose, and providing workmen and materials for the effecting that undertaking will necessarily demand a considerable disburse of money for some time, before FIRST THINGS. 371 any profit or gain can arise therefrom, and whereas Daniel Henchman Gil¬ lum Phillips, Benjamin Faneuil and Thomas Hancock together with Henry Deering are willing and desirous to undertake the manufacture of paper wherefore for the promoting so beneficial a desire : — Be it enacted by his Excellency the Governor Council and Representa¬ tives in General Court assembled, and by the authority of the same : — Section 1. — That the sole privilege and benefit of making paper within this Province shall be to the said Daniel Henchman, Gillum Phillips Benja¬ min Faneuil Thomas Hancock and Henry Deering and to their associates, for and during the term of ten years, from and after the tenth day of Decem¬ ber next insueing, &c. This act was passed Sept. 13, 1728, with several provisos. In the year 1706 the Rev. Joseph Belcher, minister of Ded¬ ham, who inherited from his grandfather, John Gill, a tract of land below the bridge on the Milton side of the river, with mill privileges, obtained permission from the selectmen of Milton to dig under and around the bridge, in order to convey the water to a mill he was about to erect. The mill, thus built twenty years before for other purposes, was leased by the Paper Com¬ pany, and fitted up for their business. This is believed to have been the first paper-mill in the country. They built a house for their workmen on nearly the same site of the house owned and occupied by the late Dr. Ware, leaving the upper story open to the free access of the air for drying the paper, which was sus¬ pended on poles adjusted for the purpose. This house was removed and the present house was built by Mr. Sanderson about 1820. The paper-works were carried on for many years, when the company, finding no little difficulty in securing skilful workmen, employed Jeremiah Smith, of Boston, to take charge of the busi¬ ness. Mr. Smith, though not a paper-maker, entered upon the work with great energy and tact, and was soon master of the business. He bought out the company, one after another, until, in time, he became sole owner of the concern. In 1741 he purchased of the Belcher heirs the mill and seven acres of land lying on the river, “ bounded north and east by the river, south by the public landing-place, and west by the highway.” In 1760 James Boies, son-in-law of Mr. Smith, secured for the paper-mill the services of Richard Clark, an English paper- maker from Newcastle, and a thorough and skilful workman, who conducted the business with much ability for five years, when, in company with James Boies, he started the same busi¬ ness in a new mill at Mattapan. In 1769 Mr. Smith sold half the mill to his son-in-law, Daniel Vose. They carried on the works in company until 372 HISTORY OF MILTON. 1775, when Mr. Yose purchased the other half, and Mr. Smith retired. In 1772 Dr. James Baker hired a part of the mill, fitted it up with a run of stones and set of kettles, and commenced the manufacture of chocolate. This was continued by Dr. Baker and his son, Edmund Baker, until 1804, when their business was removed to the mill built by Wentworth & Stone, in 1765, on the site of the first powder-mill. Mr. Yose continued the paper business until near the close of the century, and then retired from active business life. He died Dec. 7,1807. John Sullivan and Joseph Bodge occupied the paper-mill till 1800. In April, 1801, Isaac Sanderson, of Watertown, leased the property, and in 1810 purchased it of Daniel T. Yose and Elizabeth, wife of Edmund Baker, heirs of Daniel Yose. In 1803 Mr. Sanderson manufactured for the Boston Custom- House the first folio-post and quarto letter-paper ever made in New England. In 1817 he built a new paper-mill just below the old one, and put in a wrought-iron tub-wheel, which was the first iron water-wheel used in this section. Mr. Sanderson continued in the business till 1834, when the mill was leased to Joshua Ayers. In 1839 it was sold to Dr. Jonathan Ware, and for a time was used as a saw-mill by T. T. Wadsworth and E. B. Scott. Dr. Ware soon tore down the old mill erected by Belcher in 1708, and on its site built a new one with two reaction wheels; this was finished for a grist-mill and chocolate- mill. In 1843 Josiah Webb and Josiah F. Twombly took possession of the chocolate-mill, and remained there until 1850, when they removed to the mill afterwards purchased by them on the oppo¬ site side of Adams street. THE EERST CHOCOLATE-MILL. In the fall of the year of 1764 a wayfarer was encountered at the Lower Mills, who seemed to be in distress, and to require the attention and sympathy of those disposed to help the suffering. He claimed that he was John Hannan, from Ireland, a chocolate- maker by trade; that he came to this country with the hope of improving his condition, hut had utterly failed in all efforts to interest any one in his business; that he was a stranger in a strange land, penniless and friendless, and exhausted by hunger and fatigue. Mr. James Boies, of Milton, carefully investigated the case, fftfffi .ws.i'ifrt'i! Dpe R/|ILToN 1^ocola'Te/\\i li_5 FIRST THINGS. 373 and became convinced of the sincerity and capacity of the man. He interceded in his behalf, and induced Wentworth & Stone, who were at that time erecting a new mill in Milton on the site of the old powder-mill, to make provision in their mill for the manufacture of chocolate. This was done, and on the spot where the spacious and commodious chocolate building of Henry L. Pierce now stands, John Hannan , in the spring of 1765, manu¬ factured the first chocolate made in the British provinces of North America. This early introduction has been followed by its continued and increased manufacture in Milton and Dorchester, at various points and by different individuals, down to the present time. The whole business seems now to be centred in Dorchester and Milton villages, and to be conducted by a single proprietor. In the year 1885 the mill formerly of Webb & Twombly, built by the Dorchester Cotton & Iron Company in 1850 on the site of the old powder-mill, was removed, and the present structure of brick was erected. In this spacious building, on the Milton side of the river, in the large brick mill on the Dorchester section of the powder- mill estate, and in the Walter Baker stone mill, the manufacture of chocolate is carried on in a way to promote the best interests of the many laborers in the mills, and to secure to the people this wholesome and delicious article as pure and as good as skilful labor and painstaking can make it. It is a curious fact that on the very spot where the industry was started by John Hannan in 1765, and taken up by Dr. James Baker in 1772, the business has attained its highest development. From the small beginning by Dr. Baker there has grown up one of the greatest establishments in the world, — the house of Walter Baker & Co., — an establishment which competes successfully for prizes in all the great industrial exhibitions of the world, whose influence is felt in the great commercial centres, and whose prosperity promotes the welfare of men who labor under a tropical sun in the cultivation of one of the choicest fruits of the earth. THE FIRST SLITTING—MILL. David Colsen, of Boston, a fell-monger, bought of Jonathan Badcock, of Lebanon, Conn., Sept. 15, 1709, a tract of one hundred and twenty-seven acres of land, situated in Milton, on the Neponset river, “ bounded north by that river, and westerly by land sold by said Badcock to Manasseh Tucker that joins upon the grist-mill that stands upon the Neponset,” and at the 374 HISTORY OF MILTON. same time about six acres in Dorchester, on the north side of the river, lying opposite the Milton purchase, with the right to dam the river and use the water in his business of dressing skins. The first dam was erected and the trench dug to conduct the water by the rapids to his place of business. Not long after, Ezra Clapp, of Milton, by an arrangement with the owners, erected a corn-mill “ between the Neponset river and the road leading to Brush Hill,” on this same mill-privilege; securing also from the town of Milton the right to utilize the water of the Neponset. This right was granted by the town at the town¬ meeting, March 21, 1715, “ for the corn-mill erected by Ezra Clapp, about two years past at the request of some of the in¬ habitants of the town.” David Colsen sold all his interest to Jonathan Jackson, of Boston, a brazier by trade. In March, 1710, Mr. Jackson erected a slitting-mill on the premises and commenced the business of slitting iron, which was the first mill of the kind in the province. After a few years it was consumed by fire, and Mr. Jackson relinquished the enterprise. He died in 1786. The property on the Dorchester side was sold by the widow of Jackson and Edward, his son, in 1750, to John Robinson; from him it passed successively into the possession of Samuel Payson, Andrew Gillispie, Jonathan Payson, and Jonathan Davis, and in 1778 became the property of James Boies and Hugh McLean. When Boies & McLean made partition of their business, in 1790, this fell to McLean. Mr. McLean died in 1799, and his widow, Agnes, sold it in 1809 to Edmund Tiles- ton and Mark Hollingsworth. The property on the Milton side continued in the Jackson family for twenty-eight years, when it was sold by Daniel Marsh, Samuel Sewall, and Thomas Cushing, the executors of Edward Jackson, son of Jonathan, to James Boies, March 9, 1764, together with a piece of land situated as follows : — On the west side of the highway, adjoining the river, with a nailers shop and a house thereon, also one-half the dam west of the road, and all the rights which said Jackson had in the stream. James Boies built a paper-mill on the mill-site thus purchased, and conveyed to Richard Clark, June 29, 1765,— One half the mill, one acre & six rods of land adjacent thereto, and one- half of the stream; also the northerly half of the dwelling house in which he lived und six acres of pasture land hounded northerly on the ditch. FIRST THINGS. 375 In the mill thus erected Boies & Clark commenced the manufacture of paper. In 1769 Mr. Boies repaired the old Jackson Slitting-Mill, or erected a new one on the site of the Jackson mill, and also built a chocolate-mill. Nov 12. 1770 The old slitting mill is now in good repair, at which place good nail rods may he bought at 30s. per hundred; cash given for old iron at the slitting mills, Milton. — News Letter. Two years later Mr. Boies built a second paper-mill, and, July 4, 1771, conveyed one-half of the paper and chocolate mills on the south side of the trench, with six and a half acres of land, to Hugh McLean. Mr. Clark died in 1777 ; his son George sold his father’s half of the mill to Hugh McLean. Thus James Boies and Hugh McLean became equal owners in the two mills. When the partnership was dissolved and the property divided, in 1790, McLean took the mill on the north side of the trench, and Boies that on the south side. Jeremiah Smith Boies, the son of James, occupied the mill on the south side of the trench until the death of his father, in 1796, and then by will became owner of the same. After a few years he leased it to Amasa Fuller. Fuller and George Bird carried on the business in company till 1803, when Capt. Henry Cox took the place of Bird. Fuller & Cox continued the manufacture of paper till 1807; then Mr. Cox left, and Fuller was alone till 1825. Richardson Fuller, son of Amasa, Benjamin F. Crehore, and Jarvis Fenno succeeded the elder Fuller. Two of this firm died within three years of commencing business, and, Oct. 17, 1828, the executors of Amasa Fuller sold the mill and property to Edmund Tileston and Mark Hollingsworth. McLean carried on the business in the mills on the north side of the trench until his death, in 1799. Capt. Cox hired the mill, and purchased the stock of the widow of McLean, and continued there three years, when he left to engage with Amasa Fuller in the mills on the south side. George Bird succeeded Cox in the McLean Mills, where he remained till the spring of 1805. After Mr. Bird retired, Ebenezer Steadman and Joseph Randall took the mill for two years, when Steadman sold to John Savels. Randall and Savels carried on the business for about a year, and vacated the premises in consequence of its sale by Agnes McLean to Edmund Tileston and Mark Hollings¬ worth. Tileston and Hollingsworth thus came into possession of 376 HISTORY OF MILTON. both, mills, which they proceeded to enlarge and remodel for the prosecution of this work on a larger scale. These mills are still occupied in the same industry, and are conducted by the same firm so favorably known in the paper business for the long period of eighty-five years; but instead of the fathers are the children and children’s children. PROGRESS. A glance at some of the difficulties that attended the manu¬ facture of paper in its crude beginnings and in the days of our fathers, compared with the immense production of our day, and the improved methods, skilled labor, and abundant facilities that now surround this branch of industry, will show very clearly the wonderful progress made in these intervening years. I copy the following quaint advertisement from the Boston “ News Letter ” of March 23, 1769 : — Advertisement. The Bell Cart will go through Boston before the end of next month, to collect Rags for the Paper Mills at Milton, when all peo¬ ple that will encourage the Paper Manufacture may dispose of them. They are taken in at Mr Caleb Davis’ Shop at the Fortification. Mr An¬ drew Gillespie’s near Dr Clark’s: Mr Andras Randal’s near Phillips’ Wharf: and Mr John Boris’s in Long Lane: Mr Frothingham’s in Charlestown, Mr Edson’s in Salem, Mr John Harris in Newbury, Mr Daniel Fowle’s in Portsmouth, and the Paper Mill at Milton. ‘ ‘ Rags are beauties which concealed lie; Biit when in paper how it charms the eye! Pray save your rags new beauties to discover, For of paper truly every one’s a lover. By Pen and Press such knowledge is displayed As wouldn’t exist if Paper was not made; Wisdom of things mysterious, divine, Illustriously doth on Paper shine.” The above method of gathering and furnishing stock for the paper-mill of James Boies in 1769 would hardly meet the de¬ mands of the Milton mills of Tileston & Hollingsworth in 1886. SCARCITY OF PAPER-MAKERS. Our early manufacturers were largely dependent on English artisans for skilled work in certain lines of production, as but few in this country had been trained to the work required. This was especially true in the manufacture of paper. Not unfre- quently the early mills were forced to stop work from want of paper-makers. Illustrative of this, a petition found in the Pub¬ lic Archives, Lib. 180, Fol. 18, is here presented: — FIRST THINGS. 377 To the Honorable the Congress of the Province of the Massachusetts Bay asembled at Watertown, the petition of James Boise and Hugh Mc¬ Lean of Milton humbly sheweth. That your petitioners carry on the business of manufacturing paper at Milton, which has, been deemed of great utility to the Public, that John Slater, James Calder, William Durant and William Pierce now inlisted in the Provincial Service were all of them apprentices of y e petitioners, and have attained to so great a knowledge in the art of paper making that their attendance in the business is absolutely necessary to its being carried on. That they have done the principle part of the work and labor at your peti¬ tioners Mills, for two years past; and unless they are released from the service they are now in, tis impossible for your petitioners to continue this so useful and necessary branch of American Industry. Wherfore your petitioners pray that the said John Slater, James Calder, William Durant and William Pierce, may be, by order of this Honorable Congress, dismissed as soon as may be, from the service of the Provincial Army. And y e petitioners as in duty bound shall ever pray. May 15, 1775 James Boies Hugh McLean In Provincial Congress, May 16, 1775. Resolved—that the prayer of the within petition—Be so far granted, that considering the small number of persons within the Colony who carry on the manufactory of paper, and the great Demand and Necessity of that ar¬ ticle for the use of said Colony, that the petitioners be desired to apply to General Thomas, that he may order the within named four soldiers to serve the public in carrying on the manufactory of paper at the said petitioners paper works at Milton. THE FIRST VIOLONCELLO. In the year 1798 Mr. Benjamin Crehore, who was born in Milton, and always lived here, whose place of business was at the village, opposite the paint-shop of Mr. Chapman, was engaged, by the proprietors of Federal-street theatre to assist in getting up the machinery and appliances of the stage for the play of the “ Forty Thieves,” about to be introduced. The inventiveness and skill manifested in the nice adjustment and execution of the work intrusted to him were greatly admired by the managers, and brought his services into frequent demand. Peter von Hagen, the leader of the orchestra, applied to him to repair a broken bass-viol, greatly needed in the band, but laid aside as useless, no one being found to mend it. Mr. Crehore, though unused to the work, undertook the job, and the instrument came from his ingenious hands as good as new, and, in the judgment of the musicians, improved in tone. This resulted in his commencing the manufacture of bass- viols, which were the first made in this country , and were said to rival those imported. One of these instruments is now in 378 HISTORY OF MILTON. the possession of Mr. John Preston, of Hyde Park, Mass., and doubtless many are still in existence. In the early part of the present century Dea. Nathan C. Martin, for many years postmaster of Milton, a good singer and musician, was on a visit at Thomastown, Me. Being there on the Sabbath, he was invited to take a seat with the choir. Before the service he was trying the big bass-viol, and remarked that the tone was excellent. “ Yes,” replied the man who played the instrument, “ we value it very highly, both on account of its fine tone and of its great antiquity.” — “ Ah,” says Deacon Martin, “ an old instrument, is it? ” — “ Yes,” said the player, “ a very old instrument; we do not know exactly how old, but it is something more than two hundred years old.” This led the deacon, always on the alert for antiquities, to look it over carefully, when, on gazing through the opening in the front, he read on a paper pasted within : — BEN. CREHORE, MAKER, MILTON. THE FIRST PIAHO—FORTE. Mr. Crehore’s reputation in the musical world, arising from the successful _ treatment of the bass-viol, caused all sorts of disabled musical instruments to flow into his Milton shop for repairs. Among these was a piano-forte. With his usual patience and dexterity he attacked the instrument, analyzed its parts, mastered its mechanism and movements, and entered upon its manufacture. The first piano-forte made in this country was manufactured by Benjamin Crehore , in his Milton shop , A .I). 1800. From this small beginning sprang one of the largest and most successful piano manufactories now doing, business in America! Lewis Babcock, a Milton boy, was with Mr. Crehore as an apprentice. William and Adam Bent were also in his employ. They continued the business in Milton for a few years, when the genius of Crehore aspired after some new enterprise. In 1811 Lewis Babcock started the manufacture of pianos on Washington street, Boston, in connection with William Bent. Bent left Boston and went to Philadelphia. Babcock then took in Thomas Appleton, and his younger brother, Alpheus Bab¬ cock, under the style of Babcock, Appleton, & Babcock. In the spring of 1812 Appleton & Babcock, of Boston, hired two FIRST THINGS. 379 large rooms in the house now owned and occupied by Lemuel W. Babcock, on Canton avenue, Milton, for the purpose of using them as a workshop for making pianos. Before this they had occupied rooms near or over the Marlborough House, but as the building was to be repaired or taken down, and no place being found in Boston, they came to Milton while a building was being erected for them on Milk street, near the corner of Washington. The pianos made in Milton were taken to Boston to receive finishing and tuning, and were kept there on sale. The work of finishing and tuning was done by Alpheus Babcock. In Jan., 1814, Lewis Babcock died, at the house of his father in Milton, at the age of thirty-eight years. The whole business was then removed to Boston, when Charles and Edna Hayt were taken into the firm. In 1817 the company failed, and Alpheus Babcock went to Philadelphia. Capt. John Mackey, of Weston, Mass., a master mariner, on a return voyage from Marseilles, was induced to bring to this country a Frenchman, who had been a piano-manufacturer ; and, becoming deeply interested in the man for his benefit he took up the suspended business at the old stand on Milk street, employing Joshua Stephens as foreman, who had been in the employ of Hayt, Babcock, & Appleton. On the death of Stephens, Alpheus Babcock returned from Philadelphia, and entered upon the charge of the business for Capt. Mackey. In 1829 Mackey removed to the upper story of Parkman’s Market, on Cambridge street, while Babcock was still foreman. Jonas Chickering came to Boston in 1818, and worked at cabinet-making with James Parker, on Milk street. In 1822 he was working on pianos with John Osborn, who learned the business of Hayt, Babcock, & Appleton. Capt. Mackey moved to Washington street, when Chickering & Mackey joined in the manufacture and sale of pianos. About this time Alpheus Babcock left Boston to enter the employ of John G. Clem, Philadelphia; while there he received a diploma for the manufacture of the best piano made in America. He was soon recalled to the service of his former employers, and continued with the firm until the time of his death, which occurred in 1842. He was a man of much inventive talent, constantly inventing and introducing improvements in all parts of the instrument; for many years before his death he had a private room, to which no one was admitted, where he conducted his . experiments; doubtless his patient study and mechanical ingenuity and skill 380 HISTORY OF MILTON. did much to establish the early reputation which Chickering’s pianos have so long sustained. Three men have died, within about twenty years, who com¬ menced with Appleton & Babcock before the business was moved to Milton, in 1812, and continued in the same establish¬ ment, through all changes of proprietors, till age and infirmity compelled them to give up labor. Their names are Adam Bent, of South Boston ; Samuel Payson, of Roxbury; and Joshua Stone, father of Miss Anna Stone, so long and favorably known to the musical public of Boston. It is not improbable that descendants of these men may be still in the employ of the great Chickering establishment at Boston. THE FIRST ARTIFICIAL SPRING LEG. At the close of the war of 1812 a young man from the South (it is believed from Maryland), by the name of Dean Wey¬ mouth, who had lost his left leg in the service of his country, came to Milton for the purpose of obtaining an education especially suited to the new conditions of life appointed him by the fortunes of war. He secured a home with the family of James Read, in the house opposite the Pound, under the “ Big Oak,” entered Mil- ton Academy, then under the charge of Rev. Warren Pierce, and, by zealous attention to his studies, gentlemanly bearing, and a charming suavity of manners, won the esteem of his teachers, fellow-students, and the citizens generally. Our benevolent and inventive citizen, Benjamin Crehore, wishing to befriend the young man, and always eager for any new trial of his ingenuity and skill, conceived the idea of making a wooden leg for the soldier-student, with joints at the knee, at the ankle, and in the foot, suitably adjusted by straps and elastic force, so that it would act as an easy and comfortable substitute for the natural leg. He suggested his ideas to the soldier-student, and was met with a cordial and grateful response, with the confident assurance that the friends interested in his education would supply the money needful for the undertaking. Mr. Crehore commenced the work, and, after long labor and many modifications, succeeded in fitting out an artificial limb, which worked naturally and easily, so that it be¬ came a great prize to the student. Capt. Lewis Yose, a saddler by trade, and neighbor to Mr. Crehore, arranged and put in the needful straps, covering, and padding, to secure the leg in place and make it work with com¬ fort to the wearer. FIRST THINGS. 381 Mr. Weymouth used it for a long time; but, failing to obtain the money to pay for it, he was obliged, to give it up,, and it was retained by Mr. Crehore. There was much talk at the time of the ingenuity and value of the invention, and it was supposed to be the first experiment of the hind ever made in this country. Subsequently the leg disappeared from the place where it had been deposited, and its fate is unknown. It is supposed that it again passed into the possession of Mr. Weymouth. To confirm the claim to priority of invention in this case, a statement of the facts has been inserted among “Notes and Queries ” of the “ Boston Transcript.” A year has elapsed without response; meantime the claim holds good. THE FIUST R ATI T?,OAT). The first railroad in the United States was built by the Gran¬ ite Railway Company. The enterprise had its origin in the building of Bunker Hill Monument. The granite used in this structure was quarried in Quincy, at the Bunker Hill quarry, and worked at the sheds of the company situated in Milton. In March, 1826, the Legislature granted to Thomas H. Perkins and others a charter for the construction of a rail¬ road, and one of the reasons for the road set forth in the peti¬ tion was that it would greatly lessen the cost of the proposed monument by furnishing greater facilities for transporting the materials to be used in its construction. The building of this road gave to the granite business, then in its infancy, an impetus which lias constantly increased, until it has reached its present magnitude. The railroad was three and one-half miles in length, extending from the quarry to the Neponset river; about one-half of it was in Quincy, and the rest in Milton. It was commenced in May, 1826, and was opened in October of the same year. The gauge was five feet. The rails were pine, a foot deep, covered with an oak plate, and these with flat bars of iron. FIRST RAILROAD CAR. The first railroad cars made to carry stone on this road had each four wheels of nearly or quite eight feet in diameter. The axle-tree was arched in the centre, to give more space above the ground. The load was carried on a platform ten feet long by 382 HISTORY OF MILTON. about four feet wide. This platform was placed on the track between the two rails, and the blocks of granite were rolled upon it by men with crowbars; then the car was run over the loaded platform, and four chains, running over grooved wheels attached to shafting at the top of the car, were hooked into eye-bolts at the corners of the platform, and these chains were wound upon the shaft by wheel or lever power, thus raising the platform and suspending the load between the wheels. The wheelwright and iron work required in the construction of these cars, and in other wonderful structures and work planned by Gridley Bry¬ ant, the energetic head of this company, was done by Willard Felt, whose shop was in the stone building at the corner of Adams and Squantum streets, now transformed into the pleas¬ ant residence of Mr. George W. Hall. The sketch of this car, in the illustration, is from plans by J. Wesley Martin. Great expectations were created among our early citizens from the building of this road in regard to the development and increase of the granite business, which have been fully realized. The following is the action of Milton with reference to it: — INDUSTRIES OF MILTON. 383 At a town meeting held April 3, 1826, Voted unanimously that the in¬ habitants of the Town of Milton most eordially consent that the Granite Railway Company should build their railway in the Town of Milton, so long as said corporation indemnifies and protects the town against charge, prose¬ cution, or damages caused by said railway’s crossing the public highways in said town, and no longer. And said town offers the corporation its best wishes for the success of the enterprise. SHIP—BUILDING. The business of ship-building commenced in Milton, on the Neponset river, at a very early date. Shallops of thirty or forty tons burden were built at, or near, the landing-place, now called Gulliver’s Creek, as early as 1640, and the business was continued there nearly up to the time of the establishment of the town. Enoch Badcock, the third son of George, who married Susan¬ nah Gregory, and died in Milton, 25th of May, 1695, was a ship¬ wright, and had his ship-yard on land of Joseph Belcher, at that point on the river where a landing-place had been established. The same ship-yard was occupied, a hundred years later, by the ship-builder Daniel Briggs. Here, or near by, Mr. Badcock also built his house, as appears from original documents now in the hands of the writer. August 10,1693, Rev. Joseph Belcher secured to Enoch Bad¬ cock, under bond of £200, a two years’ notice for removing his house, also stock and timber of his ship-yard. In the year 1693 Enoch Badcock built the ship “ Mary and Sarah,” for Thomas Cooper and William Harris, receiving for the same the sum of <£540 15s. William, the son of Enoch, was also a ship-carpenter, and doubtless took up the work of his father in the same local¬ ity. William, the second son of William, son of Enoch, was of the same trade with his father and grandfather; he lived in the house built by his father “near the river,” now called the “■ Stanley House.” In the year 1765 two vessels were built by Vose & Fenno; one, a schooner, launched May 8, the other, a brig, launched Oct. 29. Mr. Joseph Blake, a merchant of Boston, residing a part of the time in Milton, employed Mr. Daniel Briggs, of Pembroke, to build a vessel for him at the ship-yard in Milton, which was launched Oct. 26, 1786. This was the commencement of an extensive business in ship-building, continued by Mr. Briggs until 1815. 384 HISTORY OF MILTON. Sep. 30, 1788, Launched in Milton a large vessel built by Daniel Briggs for Ebenezer Wales, Esq., of Dorchester. In 1788 Mr. Briggs went to Germantown, Quincy, and built for the Canton trade the large ship “Massachusetts,” con¬ tracted for by Major Shaw and Elia Hayden, of Braintree. This was too large to be floated out of the river, and was, at that date, the largest merchant vessel ever launched in the country. He then returned to Milton and carried on the business at his yard, near the foot of Milton Hill, building first-class vessels for many years. Some of our citizens now living remember the “ Kanawah,” the “ Milton,” and the “ Jane,” and were present at their launching. Capt. Nat. Thomas, from Pembroke, who married Jennie, the daughter of Capt. Briggs, lived in the Briggs house on Milton Hill. He was commander of the “ Kanawah,” and also of the “ Milton; ” the “ Milton ” was caugflt in Neponset bridge on her way to Boston, and was got through with diffi¬ culty. This vessel, though built seventy-four years ago, is a New Bedford whale-ship, still afloat. 1791. A large brig launched at Briggs. — S. Fierce. Captain Briggs was a man of large frame, stately and com¬ manding in person, also genial and benevolent in like degree. The following incident shows the humor of the man: On one oc¬ casion, when busy in his ship-yard, a stranger came up asking for work. “ What can you do ? ” inquired the captain. “ I am a ship-carpenter,” was the reply. “ Can you make a treenail on a rock without dulling your axe ? ” — “ Yes, sir.” — “ Well, here is your timber, and here is a sharp axe; let’s see you do it.” He went to work, finished the treenail, passed it to Mr. Briggs for inspection, and asked if that would do. Mr. Briggs, viewing the excellence of the work, assented, when the man raised his axe and struck a heavy blow upon the rock, breaking the edge and nearly ruining the tool.. “ What are you about ? ” exclaimed the excited captain. The workman replied, “ My master always taught me, when I had finished a job, to stick my axe in the block.” “ All right,” rejoined the mollified captain; “ throw off your coat and go to work.” Mr. Briggs died in Milton Aug. 11, 1825. He was a useful and excellent citizen, honored and respected by all. At the time of his death he owned the land on the east side of Milton Hill, between Adams street and the foot of the hill, from the Russell land to the old Kinsley estate, including the INDUSTRIES OF MILTON. 385 Peabody and the old Foy estates, except the Swift, now Tappan, lot. His daughter, Alice C., born in Milton April 2, 1802, married Capt. Charles Taylor, of Milton, April 28, 1833. She is still living at East Milton, at the advanced age of eighty-five years. Various other industries occupied the citizens of Milton in early times, most of which are referred to in the chapter on “ Old Houses, Cellars, and Landmarks.” TANNERIES. The tanning business has been here from the first settlement. It commenced before incorporation, with the Pitcher family, in the valley opposite the Unitarian Church. In the progress of years the business has been carried on at the following places : On the west side of Robbins street, near Pine-tree brook, by Ebenezer Tucker; in New State, by the Badcocks; at East Milton, by the Adams’s; and west of Mrs. White’s house, on Canton avenue, by Major Babcock. Also the wool and leather dressing or morocco business has been conducted as follows: by David Colson at Matta- pan in 1709; opposite the Billings Tavern, in the west part of the town, by Joseph Billings; on Canton avenue, and in the rear of Mr. Ruggles’ house, by Caleb Hobart; at the Landing-place, by General Whitney and Jabez Sumner; and near the junction of Brook road and Canton avenue, by William Davis, who was followed in the business by his son, Walter S. Davis; then George K. Gannett took it for a short time and sold to the present owners, by whom an extensive business is continued to this day. BAKERIES. This business has been extensively prosecuted in Milton from the earliest times. Samuel Tucker, who died in 1843, had a bakery near his house on Hillside street. It was also carried on by his son Joshua. This building was consumed by fire, Oct. 25, 1887. Artemas Kennedy established a bakery at the corner of Har- land and Hillside streets in 1820, where baking was continued for thirty-six years. 1 1 A. Galenga, a well-known author now living in England, and an attache of the “ London Times,” was a teacher in Boston and Cambridge in the years 1836-1839. He wrote E. L. Pierce, Oct. 18, 1881: “ The name of Milton, Massachusetts, and the place itself were not unfamiliar to me, who, fifty years ago, greatly relished some biscuits or crackers bearing the inscription Kennedy's Milton, — an article now still, probably, enjoy¬ ing its former popularity.” 386 HISTORY OF MILTON. The bakery of Nathaniel Tucker stood opposite the house of Charles L. Copeland. Capt. Tucker and Capt. Withington had a bakery on the south side of Randolph avenue, near its junction with Hillside street. At Algerine corner were the bakeries of Nathaniel Bent and Hezekiah Adams. Jason Kennedy established a bakery in the house of Deacon N. C. Martin, at Milton village, in 1842, and continued the busi¬ ness for two or three years, when he erected a bakery on the west side of Randolph avenue, just south of the estate of the late F. B. White; it is now converted into a dwelling-house. This bakery was carried on by Mr. Horatio Webster in 1844-5. There was a bakery in the building of S. W. Johnson, in the rear of his shoe-store, established 1847; Cox & Taverner occu¬ pied it for a time. It was relinquished after a few years. BAKERY OF BEKT & CO. The well-known bakery of Bent & Co. was established in 1801, with a single oven, in the dwelling-house of Josiah Bent, its projector, occupying nearly its present location, where the old house of Mr. Bent still remains. Mr. Bent, the original proprietor, continued in the business until 1830, when Samuel Adams, who married a daughter of Mr. Bent, came from Chelmsford to Milton, and purchased the bakery and farm. In company with Samuel T. Bent, Mr. Adams carried on the bakery, with two ovens, until 1837, under the style of Bent & Co. From 1837 to 1871 Mr. Adams was the sole proprietor; meanwhile the business had greatly increased, and the products of the bakery had secured a wide and highly favorable reputa¬ tion. In 1871 Deacon Adams leased the bakery to Horatio Webster, Samuel T. Bent, John A. Shaw, William H. Balkam, and George A. Fletcher for the term of five years. • At the ex¬ piration of this period it was again leased to the same parties for a second term of five years, before the expiration of which Mr. Adams died, and by will devised the business to George A. Fletcher and Granville J. Young, who are the present propri¬ etors. This bakery, from* the small beginning of 1801, has grown into an extensive business; its goods, which have a world-wide notoriety, are called for in all parts of our land and in other lands. The manufacture here is confined to the article of crackers, and the specialty is the water-cracker, made first in this country by Josiah Bent. These are still made by hand, from choice selected flour, with the greatest care, and without regard to INDUSTRIES OF MILTON. 387 expense in every department of stock and labor, so that a uniformly good article is secured. The public understands that an article which has not changed for eighty-six years, except for the better, can be depended upon. As a result of this public confidence the business has doubled under the present owners. ICE. The business of cutting, storing, and delivering ice in Milton was started by John Myers, about 1853. Before this, John Collins, Jonathan Beals, Adolphus Kinsman, and other indi¬ viduals engaged in the business in a limited way. Mr. Myers erected two ice-houses on Balster’s brook or Trout brook, near its connection with Pine-Tree brook, where, for several years, he continued the sale and delivery of ice to the people of Milton. After a time, the demand increasing, he pur¬ chased a tract of land on Mattapan street, through which Pine- Tree brook runs, excavated a large pond, and put up three extensive buildings to meet the growing trade. From year to year the business was leased to individuals, and continued to increase till the decease of Mr. Myers, Feb. 23, 1878. It was retained in the Myers estate for about three years, and then sold to Mr. J. Frank Pope. A short time previous Jacob A. Turner, who had engaged in the trade in connection with John Tolman, and had been supplied with ice from the Myers establishment, made provision for his own supply of ice, by using the dam of “Aunt Sarah’s” brook, near the wool-works, at the junction of Brook road and Canton avenue, and building two ice-houses. In 1884 Messrs. Pope and Turner united their business under the style of Pope & Turner. At the present time they cut yearly six thousand five hundred tons of ice in the pond of Pope and four thousand five hundred tons in the pond of Turner. They employ twelve men, for six months of the year, and fifteen horses. In housing the ice they use steam, and require the ser¬ vices of one hundred men in both places, securing one thousand tons daily. They use in their retail business twenty-five or thirty tons daily, during the hot season; about two-thirds of which goes to supply Dorchester trade. Two thousand tons are sold at wholesale. In 1885 Walter T. Cook, of Scott’s Woods, started the busi¬ ness on Hillside street, securing an overflow near the Blue Hills, which is supplied from the mountain rivulets. He has three houses, with a storing capacity of three thousand 388 HISTORY OF MILTON. tons, and a growing demand for Iris mountain ice, which will soon make a larger supply needful. In the season of 1886 four double teams were employed in the delivery of the ice through Milton and Dorchester. FLORICULTURE. Nathaniel Davenport was the first man in Milton who made the cultivation of flowers and plants a special vocation. He commenced the business as early as 1827, and continued it for thirty years or more. At his decease the business was taken up by his sons. Lewis Davenport has been engaged in the work of raising flowers, in the westerly part of the town, for many years. His greenhouses are located on Canton avenue, in the vicinity of the old Davenport homestead. Nathaniel T. Daven¬ port is also actively engaged as a florist in the same neighbor¬ hood. Lyman Davenport, the youngest member of the family, has extensive greenhouses on Brush Hill road, near Paul’s bridge. These brothers have attained to great skill and success in this pleasant and lucrative employment. In 1860 John D. Bradlee built a greenhouse on Canton avenue, near the Lower Mills. After a time he sold to Lyman W. Senter, who erected new conservatories and largely increased the busi¬ ness ; here Mr. Senter was actively engaged as florist until 1875, the time of his death. Soon after his decease his conservatories passed into the hands of H. S. Messenger, who has increased the area of glass to five thousand square feet, and is enjoying a large degree of success in the delightful occupation of floriculture. Eight years ago Henry F. Thayer, long a skilful florist in Roxbury, removed to Milton, his old home, and engaged in floriculture on Hillside street, where he is raising flowers for the market with great success. In 1868 Duncan Welsh erected a greenhouse on Mattapan street, and continued the business of raising flowers till the time of his death. James Welsh succeeded his father, and carried on the business for one year; then it was taken up by William M. Robertson, who, in turn, was succeeded by George Saunders, the present owner. James Welsh has now, in the same vicinity, greenhouses of his own in successful operation. Not many years ago James Faulkner commenced the cultiva¬ tion of flowers, on Granite avenue. He has extensive green¬ houses, and is prosecuting the business on a liberal scale. In addition to the above there are in Milton fifteen or more private conservatories connected with estates on Milton Hill, and in every section of the town. GRANITE BUSINESS. 389 GRANITE BUSINESS. Quincy granite, so called, is in reality the kind of rock known to geologists as sienite. It is mostly confined to the territory of Quincy, yet there is a small part of the granite section within the territory of Milton. It is found lying on our extreme southern boundary, adjoining Quincy. It extends from a point a little west of the granite branch of the Old Colony Railroad to where the boundary of Milton approaches the Blue Hills; here the sienite gradually becomes merged into the porphyry of which the Blue Hills are largely composed. When the first attempts at working this material were made it is now impossible to tell, as the movement was on so small a scale as not to become a matter of town-meeting discussion and of town record, which was often the case in the neighboring town of Quincy, where it was feared the material would be so reduced as to render it impossible to procure a sufficient quan¬ tity for the ordinary purposes of building cellars, stoning wells, etc. This was before the use of wedges and gunpowder, which have been so largely used since that time in this branch of industry. It appears that wedges were never used in this part of the country for splitting stone until the year 1803. The wedge first used was of a kind very different from that in use to-day. It was broad and thin. The hole made to receive this wedge was from one and one-half inches to two inches long, by about two inches wide and one-half an inch thick. The holes were made broad enough and deep enough to receive the wedges, which were inserted between pieces of thin iron, called shims, and driven in by a heavy hammer. These were wholly unlike the round drill-hole which is in use to-day. A person in traversing the rocky woodland in the southeasterly part of Milton will occasionally come upon a place where one of our forefathers tried his skill, and patience, too, in the attempt to get out some underpinning and steps, and perhaps a few gate¬ posts. When these attempts were made is not known, as there is no record of the transactions, and the actors have long since passed away. But we are enabled to estimate pretty closely the date of these first operations by the style of the drill-holes which are to be seen in these rocks. We know that the flat hole was soon superseded by the round one, and where the flat hole is found we may conclude that the work was done very early in the present century. One of these old quarries, and one of the most important of 390 HISTORY OF MILTON. them, may be seen in the land of Mr. Henry J. Rice, not far from his quarry. In the lack of proper means for breaking the solid ledge, the early workers were obliged to content themselves with using only such stones as laid loose on the surface of the ground; and having none of the modern contrivances for raising these stones, the difficult method of handling them with oxen and levers was their only resource. Even the “sheer-pole,” which was the first contrivance for this purpose, was often too expensive a luxury for these worthy pioneers to employ. The “ sheer-pole ” consisted of two long, heavy poles of equal length, bound firmly together at the upper ends, while the lower ends were drawn apart to make them stand steadily. They were held in an up¬ right position by guys front and back. A luff-tackle was fast¬ ened to the top where the poles were joined together, and brought down and attached to the body to be raised. To one end of the rope a pair of oxen was hitched, and in this way the work of raising stone was effected. This method, much easier than that of rolling them upon sticks of timber, by hand-power alone, was, nevertheless, extremely difficult and tedious in com¬ parison with the manner of doing such work at the present day, —with derricks capable of lifting thirty or forty tons, and some¬ times even much greater weights, worked with the greatest precision and safety by steam-power. GRANITE BUSINESS. 391 Previous to the year 1838 there was hut very little done in this town in the way of quarrying; but the development of this industry in the neighboring town of Quincy was the cause, and the only cause, that occasioned an increase of population in the eastern part of Milton. BUNKER HILL MONUMENT. The building of Bunker Hill Monument, and the consequent opening of the Granite Railway in 1826, was the dawn of a brighter day in that section of our town. The business activity and prosperity that followed is to be attributed in no small degree to that scientific and leading man, Mr. Soloman Willard. Although the stone for the monument was quarried in Quincy, the cutting of the stone was done almost wholly in Milton. Soon after opening the quarry the Granite Railway Company built sheds at the head of the wharf on the Neponset river; these sheds were mostly in Milton. About the same time a stone-shed was built in Milton a few rods north of the town line and just east of the railroad track, extending northerly several hundred feet. It was opposite the residence and store of the late George W. Tarbox. At these sheds all the stone-cutting was done by this company for the first thirty years of their operations. This statement is literally true, with this qualification : between 183T and 1844 this company had a contract with the City of Boston by which the labor of their convicts in the House of Correction was sold to them and was used in cutting their granite. The business here gave employment to a large number of workmen until the close of the year 1835, when Mr. Gridley Bryant, the first agent of the company, and to whose energy and skill the prosecution of this branch of industry in this vicinity is largely due, was superseded by Mr. Samuel R. Johnson. After this date, until 1859, most of the stone-cutting was done at the sheds in East Milton Tillage. BOSTON CUSTOM-HOUSE. In the year 1834 the Granite Railway Company, in connection with other leading granite workers of Quincy, obtained the con¬ tract for furnishing the granite for the Custom-House in Boston. The ingenuity of Mr. Bryant was severely taxed in devising a method for transporting the vast columns of that building. He had already transported from Chelmsford to Boston the eight columns of the Quincy Market House and the two columns of the United States Bank building, now the Merchants’ National 892 HISTORY OF MILTON. Bank; and from Quincy the columns of the Tremont House and of the Suffolk County Court-House, the weight of the latter being sixty-four tons each; hut the Custom-House columns were somewhat more than thirty feet in length, and were said to be much heavier than had ever been carted in this part of the country. It was decided to move them in the winter, taking advantage of the snow, and for this purpose a sled was constructed. This sled was in two parts, very much like two mud-scows; the bottom was flat, and, being without runners, it rested fully on the ground. To prevent a side movement when in motion an iron keel, three or four inches square, was bolted on the bottom, which served a good purpose on deep and solid snow ; but where the snow was thin, and on bare ground, the friction was too much. On this sled about one-half of the columns were safely landed in Boston. The last time the sled was used they had proceeded on the way as far as the stable of Mr. John W. Brooks, Centre street, Milton, when bare ground was encountered, and the load could not be moved. The column was rolled from the sled, and the bottom was covered with hard-wood planks, to shut out the iron keel and prevent the great friction where the snow was thin ; then it was reloaded and a new start made. But this new arrangement proved a failure. Without the keel the load became unmanageable, and they had gone only to that point on Centre street where the brook runs under the street, when the load slued entirely from the road, and landed in the ditch, where it was allowed to remain until the next summer. Then the column, which was “ in the rough,” was cut and finished, and carried to Boston on a wagon made in the interval. This wagon, which took the rest of the columns to their place of destination, was a wonderful affair. The body was made of two pairs of heavy oak timbers, between thirty and forty feet long by about sixteen inches high, and seven inches wide; each pair was placed two feet and six inches apart, leaving room to allow a hind wheel to revolve between them. These timbers rested on the axle-trees, and were separated so as to give room for the load to be suspended between them. The two pairs of timbers were held together bjr a heavy beam at each end extending across the whole wagon, and to these each of the timbers was firmly bolted. To the cross-beams the load was attached by chains, and left to swing when in motion. It was the intention of the designer to have the load carried mainly by the hind wheels, and for this reason they were made exceedingly strong. Each of the hind wheels was made up of two wheels, each with a felly one foot wide and a diameter of nearly nine feet. On each of these were two tires of a large size. The two parts were placed GRANITE BUSINESS. together, making the felly two feet wide. They were then covered, in their whole width, by layers of oak timber about three by four inches, which were firmly spiked on. On these were shrunk four heavy iron tires, which held everything in place. The hub was of cast-iron, and the axle-trees were just long enough to pass through the hub and support one of the long timbers on each of its ends. The wheel could revolve on its axle-tree, or the axle could turn with the wheel. The forward wheels were much smaller, being low enough to run under the body, for convenience in turning. As such an enormous vehicle was too much for a pair of oxen to govern when in motion, a section of gear-wheel was attached to the forward axle-tree in such a manner that it could be revolved by means of a pinion and crank, so as to move the carriage in any desired direction. To draw this great load on so very heavy a carriage it was deemed best to use oxen, which were very gen¬ erally in use at that time among farmers. The result was that all the oxen available for several miles around were engaged for this purpose, making a team of fifty-five yoke of oxen, led by six horses. Henry West had charge of the transportation. The route followed in Milton was from Bryant street to Adams ; thence to Centre ; then crossing over White’s lane to Brook road, and by Mattapan street over the bridge into Dorchester. We give above an engraving of the wonderful structure, fur- 394 HISTORY OF MILTON. nished from drawings by J. Wesley Martin, to whom we are indebted for the facts relating to the granite business. QUARRIES IN MILTON. In the year 1838 John Winkley worked a quarry for a short time on land of the late Samuel K. Bailey, a short distance south of the “ Bailey’s Farm.” Although the granite was of a good quality it was soon abandoned, and has never been worked since. About the year 1840 Mr. Samuel Alden opened a quarry a little farther to the west than Winkley’s place, on land of the late Col. Joseph Lyman. Alden’s operations were not extensive, nor of long continuance, and since his day there has been nothing done there. STONE-CUTTING. Several persons have carried on what is called stone-cutting, in years past, within the limits of the town, which gave employ¬ ment to a goodly number of workmen. One of the first of these was our townsman, Mr. Benjamin F. Dudley, who com¬ menced work with others about 1832. Their quarry was in West Quincy. Their work was, to a great extent, sent to cities on our seaboard south of Boston, and the transportation was by water. For this reason it was deemed best to do the cutting near the place of shipment. Their stone-sheds were at first on or near what was then known as Briggs’ wharf. After about three years they were removed to the quarry at West Quincy. Much of the time during these three years Mr. Dudley em¬ ployed as many as forty workmen at this place. While this work was progressing, Mr. Dudley and his associates were in¬ corporated as the Quincy Granite Co., under which style they continued to work until he retired from the granite business, in 1850. While Mr. Dudley was engaged in the place above named Mr. Thomas Hollis, Jr., who succeeded his father, established a stone-shed very near Mr. Dudley’s, but after a short time the buildings were removed to his quarry, near the line of Quincy, and now owned by F. J. Fuller. The next attempt of the kind made in the town was by H. B. Martin & Co., in the year 1837. They began their work at the Lower Mills, on the town landing. At this time Mr. James Campbell was building the wharf now occupied by Mr. Godfrey. This was completed shortly after, and the stone-sheds were moved to the wharf in the fall of 1837, and remained until the GRANITE BUSINESS. 895 summer of 1840, when the business was brought to a close. At this place a large part of the granite for Harvard College Library building was prepared or cut. The quarry worked by H. B. Martin & Co. was on the land long known as the “ Quincy Lot,” owned by Mr. Josiah Quincy, then President of Harvard College. This may have assisted Martin & Co. in securing the contract with Harvard College to furnish the granite for this building. As the job was of some magnitude and the parties to the contract desired to finish the building as quickly as possible, Martin & Co. divided the work, giving Thomas Hollis, Jr., and O. T. Rogers & Co. each a part. In the spring of 1844 Hosea Flanders began the stone business at East Milton, nearly on the spot now used by Smith Brothers. It proved, however, of short duration, and before the year expired he had abandoned the undertaking. OTHER, MILTOH QUARRIES. In 1844 Mr. Thomas Hollis, Jr., began to work a quarry a short distance south of Pleasant street. He continued to work this until 1854, when he sold to Daniel G. Corliss and Oliver West. Mr. West soon left the concern, and Simon B. Corliss was admitted as a partner. This firm, afterwards known as D. G. Corliss & Co., continued the business without interruption until 1865, when they admitted into the company J. W. Martin. The partnership continued until the close of the year 1880, and w T as then dissolved, after an existence of nearly twenty-six years. In the spring of 1881 they sold their quarry to Messrs. H. J. Rice and Frank Tucker. At the end of one year Mr. Tucker conveyed his interest to Mr. Rice, since which time Mr. Rice has carried on the business. This is a part of the Quincy range. It is south and west of the dark-blue stone of which the quarries of the Granite Railway Company and F. J. Fuller are the best representatives. It lies between the dark-blue vein and the Blue Hills, and is of a lighter color, with a coarser grain. The feld¬ spar is often almost white, in large particles, having the appearance of albite or soda feldspar. The potash feldspar is sometimes light or pale blue, but oftener of a gray color. Occasionally the rock is marked by stripes of a lighter color, similar to marking seen in gneiss; though it does not resemble gneiss in any other respect, as it is wholly destitute of mica, while the hornblende is quite marked, being in rather large crystalline particles and of the blackness of jet. In the year 1861 Mr. E. Palmer began to work a quarry on 396 HISTORY OF MILTON. land of Mr. L. W. Babcock, a short distance off Canton avenue, south of Mr. Babcock’s residence. He, however, soon sold out to Mr. W. H. Boardman, who, with his son, Edward P. Board- man, as partner, carried on the business for a period of five or six years; but, finding it less profitable than was desired, their business was brought to a close in 1866. Mr. George Crowd, late of this town, afterwards worked the quarry to some extent. A few years ago it passed into the possession of Mr. Henry A. Whitney, and has not been worked since. This granite is identical with Mr. Rice’s quarry in all its essential characteristics. STONE—CUTTING IN EAST MILTON. In the latter part of the year 1882 Messrs. W. A. & James G. Smith started the business of granite-cutting in East Milton village, under the style of Smith Brothers. The undertaking has proved successful, and promises to do much towards reviving the business in this part of the town. Their buildings are very near the location of the first stone-sheds built by the Granite Railway Company nearly sixty years ago. In the following year a company began work, in the same line, under the style of John E. Manhire & Co. Mr. Manhire soon transferred his interest to other parties, and it finally resulted in the present firm of Watson & Gallagher Brothers. Their place of business is a little off Bryant street, in the rear of what has, since 1834, been known as the Bryant House, which was burned down Decem¬ ber 26, 1883. PROMINENT EARLY MANUFACTURERS. Some of the projectors and chief agents in these business activities should not be passed without a brief notice. Am ong the most prominent were Jeremiah Smith, James Boies, Hugh McLean, Daniel Yose, and Jeremiah Smith Boies. JEREMIAH SMITH. Jeremiah Smith, James Boies, and Hugh McLean were not native-born citizens. They came to this country from the north of Ireland. They were intimately connected here in their business relations and by the ties of marriage. They were all members of the Presbyterian Church of Boston, under the pastorate of Rev. John Morehead; and they continued this PROMINENT EARLY MANUFACTURERS. 39T close and intimate friendship through life, and their families after them. They were buried in Milton Cemetery. Mr. Smith was born in the north of Ireland in 1704. He came with his wife to Boston in 1726, and removed to Milton in 1736. He entered the employ of the Paper Company, and soon came into possession of the whole property. He was the first man, in a private capacity, to manufacture paper in this province. He was a neighbor and intimate friend of Governor Hutchinson, although differing from him widely in the political measures of the day. As agent of the Paper Company he became closely connected with Mr. Thomas Hancock, and was thus led to an intimate friendship with Gov. John Hancock, which continued through life. In January 1759 he was licensed to keep a house of public entertainment at his house near Milton bridge on the main county road to Plymouth & Taunton. One house near by kept by W m Badcock not able to entertain all the travel. — Public Archives, Vol. III., p. 423. Early in the spring of 1738 Mr. Smith and William Badcock, his neighbor at Milton village, went on board an emigrant ship from Ireland, lying at Long wharf in Boston, for the purpose of procuring for Mr. Badcock domestic help. There they pur¬ chased a quantity of potatoes. A part of these was planted by Mr. Badcock, and in the fall he came to Mr. Smith in trouble, having two bushels of potatoes from his planting and not knowing what to do with them. It is believed that these were the first potatoes planted in Milton. Mr. Smith died in Milton, April 16, 1790, aged eighty-six years, and was placed in the Daniel Vose tomb. JAMES BOIES. James Boies was born in Ireland. He married, as second wife, Elizabeth, daughter of Jeremiah Smith, in 1759. He was a man of good business capacity, and was among the first to develop the manufacture of paper at Mattapan. That he was a faithful citizen and an earnest patriot is manifest in his whole Milton life. He died here July 11, 1798, at the advanced age of ninety-six years. HUGH McLEAH. He married Agnes, daughter of James Boies. For a short time he was engaged in business at St. George, Me., now Thomaston, but did not make that town his place of residence, 398 HISTORY OF MILTON. nor was his home there. After a few years he relinquished his business at St. George, and took up his residence in Milton, engaging with James Boies in paper-making, and here passed the remainder of his days. ■ He owned and occupied the Jackson house at Milton Upper Mills, on the west side of Blue Hill avenue, now owned by heirs of George Hollingsworth, where he continued to reside during his life. He died in Mil- ton, December, 1799, aged seventy-five years. DANIEL VOSE. Daniel Yose was born in Milton, Feb. 20, 1741. He was the oldest son of Capt. Thomas Yose, a leading man of his day, and active in the early wars. Daniel Yose married Rachel Smith, daughter of Jeremiah Smith, Nov. 11, 1762. Patience, the daughter of Daniel and Rachel Yose, married Dr. Amos Holbrook. Elizabeth, the daughter of Daniel and Rachel Yose, born Oct. 20, 1767, married, first, John Lillie; and, second, Edmund Baker, the father of Edmund J. Baker, of Dorchester. Col. Jesse Pierce married Elizabeth S. Lillie, the daughter of Elizabeth Yose and John Lillie; his sons are the Hon. Henry L. and Edward L. Pierce. Through the last half of the eighteenth century Daniel Yose was conspicuous in the civil and military affairs of the town. He was a sincere patriot, and rendered very important service to the country by his diligence and fidelity. He was a true friend and a genial host, entertaining with generous hospitality. His house was furnished handsomely for those days. Rich and valuable articles of his furniture are still in possession of Henry L. Pierce, among which are the “ Governor Shirley Bibles."’ Reference to the family silver is seen in the papers of the day. * 1 * * * * * 7 Through his whole mature life Mr. Yose was, perhaps, the lead- 1 STOP THIEE. Last night the house of the subscriber was broken open and the following articles were stolen, viz.: — i Large Silver Cup, holding a wine quart, i Silver Cream Pot, marked P. Y. 1 Silver Pepper Box. 2 Pair Silver Sugar Tongs, one new, the other old fashioned. 7 Large Silver Table spoons. i Dozen large tea spoons, beaded round the handle, not marked — maker’s name, Caleb Beale. 7 Small Tea Spoons, marked R S. A quantity of small change, among which were about 150 Birmingham coppers. Whoever will apprehend the thief, or thieves, so that they may be brought to justice, shall be handsomely rewarded by DANIEL VOSE. Milton, July 10, 1787. [“ Columbian Sentinel.”] 398 HISTORY MILTON. nor was ] • business •• ( engaging the rem; Jackson Hill ave where Ik ton, Dec Danie: oldest sc active in Danie 11, 1762. Patieri , married Dr. Arnos Holbrook Daniel and Rachel \ Osc, i , John Lillie: se« of Milton, son‘of Gen. Joseph Vose, entered the army /s captain *3n this war, and was engaged in important service 4t Portsmouth, Sackett’s Harbor, and in ( utada. He was often in great danger, and many, of his men killed around Mm. At the close of the war he was p^p- to the rank <3f major. His acquaintance with General r, began at this time, and the friendship lasted through life. . 1 : ' • • : ! in Florida, and was Ultimately associated with Gen. Zacfhary :'or. At the time of mis' death he was colonel of the'4th }:mtry ; and General Grant, who graduated at West Point in ; :*4A was appointed second lieutenant in his regiment. His t h occurred’very suddenly in New; Orleans, July 15, 1845. Mil top men were^e enrolled in companies, and w,ere liable to duty in this war;.but few were in actual service. \ Milton companywith the following officers, John Lillie, ' -rfain^^Danier Briggs, lieutenant, and Samuel Reed, ensign, >* ,js jardeTed at 3’ o’clpek* iVM.,' Sunday, to inarch to -Gohas- v here the §ngmyV troops were expected to land. A : .v ts de tailed to make oaf (ridges at the powder-house, and . vas delegated to 1'orvVard ammunition to the com- •. ;1 j-ey mafclied to Hingham,’and there learned'that their .JVM ■ • uu'i* not required. A second company from the west p u t ■ lowip-mider^Capt/ Frank Davefnport, started on the Ml f « A* tiop. WAR OF 1812. 441 In the company of Capt. James Robinson, of Col. Ezra Bad- lam’s regiment, were many Dorchester men, among whom was Edmund Baker, and the following Milton men: — Jacob Gill, Lieut. Jesse Sumner, Alexander Yose, Luther Crane, Samuel Williams, Moses Belcher, The insurgents were dispersed. Fourteen of the leaders were tried by court-martial, and condemned to death, all of whom were ultimately pardoned. By the prudence and decision of Governor Bowdoin the lawless were restrained, and the an¬ archy which, threatened was happily prevented. John Garch, Ziba Crane, Shepherd Bent, Yose Crane, Samuel Badcock, Joseph Fenno, and Samuel Richards. WAR OF 1812. Col. Josiah H. Yose, of Milton, son of Gen. Joseph Yose, entered the army as captain in this war, and was engaged in important service at Portsmouth, Sackett’s Harbor, and in Canada. He was often in great danger, and many of his men were killed around him. At the close of the war he was pro¬ moted to the rank of major. His acquaintance with General Scott began at this time, and the friendship lasted through life. Colonel Yose afterwards had important commands at the West and in Florida, and was intimately associated with Gen. Zachary Taylor. At the time of his death he was colonel of the 4th Infantry ; and General Grant, who graduated at West Point in 1843, was appointed second lieutenant in his regiment. His death occurred very suddenly in New Orleans, July 15, 1845. Milton men were enrolled in companies, and were liable to duty in this war; but few were in actual service. A Milton company, with the following officers, John Lillie, captain, Daniel Briggs, lieutenant, and Samuel Reed, ensign, was ordered at 3 o’clock, P.M., Sunday, to march to Cohas- set, where the enemy’s troops were expected to land. A squad was detailed to make cartridges at the powder-house, and Dr. Glover was delegated to forward ammunition to the com¬ pany. They marched to Hingham, and there learned that their services were not required. A second company from the west part of the town, under Capt. Frank Davenport, started on the same expedition. 442 HISTORY OF MILTON. In this war there was a company of the principal men of Milton who were too old to be drafted, called “Exempts.” Gen. Joseph Yose, then seventy-three years of age, was chosen captain, and Jazaniah Ford first lieutenant. Their duty was to watch the development of events at home, and to be ready for any emergency. The company was disbanded at the close of the war. Major Joshua Tucker, son of Samuel Tucker, of Scott’s Woods, held a commission from Governor Strong as major of Massachusetts Militia. One Saturday, as a British cruiser ap¬ peared off Boston harbor, with the supposed purpose of land¬ ing, Major Tucker received orders to be ready at a moment’s warning to march to the coast. He accordingly mustered his troops at his tavern in Scott’s Woods, where they spent most of the following Sunday, sharpening their swords on the neighbors’ grindstones and moulding bullets for their horse-pistols; the women of the house and neighborhood melting the lead in ladles over the kitchen fires. The enemy, however, sailed away down the coast, and the troopers were dismissed. THE GREAT CIVIL WAR. “ Four hundred thousand men, the brave, the good, the true, In tangled wood, in mountain glen, On battled plain, in prison pen, Lie dead for me and you; Four hundred thousand of the brave, Have made our ransomed soil their grave For me and you, — Good friend, for me and you.” [.Inscription at Arlington Cemetery .] The events of this war have scarcely ripened into history. The heroes of its well-fought battles we meet in daily converse, and on the graves of its fallen worthies we strew the flowers of every opening spring. Most of those in middle life, and all the aged, remember the wave of enthusiastic loyalty that swept over the Northern States at the fall of Fort Sumter. Then followed the call for seventy- five thousand troops, and the quick response. Four days from that call the Sixth Massachusetts, in which were some of our Milton hoys, was fighting its way to Washington, through the streets of Baltimore, and left its martyrs there. Fourteen days from that first call three hundred thousand men, terribly in earnest, had rallied round the flag of their country. So fresh are those days in our minds that they seem hut as T1IE GREAT CIVIL WAR. 443 yesterday. The memories of great and thrilling battles crowd upon us, when the fearful contest raged with varying fortune, and our hearts were stirred to their profoundest depths. We recall the sudden intelligence of the sickness of dear ones far away, of the wounded, and of the killed ; the startling telegram ; the hurried departure of father or brother to the distant suf¬ ferer, or to bear home the precious remains; and then the funeral service in our churches, where all joined in common sorrow and sympathy, and the silent and tearful gatherings around these flag-marked graves. In this war Milton, true to her former history, was prompt in action and decided in purpose. In no instance during this protracted struggle did the town fail to furnish her full quota of troops. The resources of the town, more ample than in early years, were liberally appropriated for the benefit of those who were fighting her battles, and for the comfort of their families; while her wealthy citizens freely gave their sons to the great cause, and as freely volunteered their time, and, when occasion required, drew upon their own estates to relieve the overtaxed energies of the country. All over our town earnest hearts and willing hands were eagerly engaged in providing for the safety and comfort of fathers, brothers, and sons, exposed and suffering, on the march, in camp, and in battle. 1 1 Report of the Milton Branch of the Sanitary Commission. Mrs. F. Cunningham and Mrs. F. M. Davis, Managers, appointed for the Sanitary Commission by the New England Woman’s Auxiliary Association, present the following report for the years 1862 and 1863. The report states, that since the branch has existed, there has been contributed, to January 1, 1864, the sum of $4,014 68 Amount expended.3,902 39 Balance on hand.$112 29 The Managers observe : “ This money has been expended for material and express- age. Other sums have been contributed by various persons to pay for the making up of garments by women needing help. Of sums thus expended we can give no account. In addition to the money, a bale of flannel and several pieces of other goods, also yarn, socks, and mittens, have been given.” It is proper to state that the sum of $204.79 was the proceeds of a fair, by a few chil¬ dren at the house of Mrs. E. Cunningham, Milton Hill. Also the sum of $107.30 from young persons at the Railway Village, the proceeds of dramatic exhibitions at the house of Mr. Hollis. Other reports from different sections of the town are here condensed into one. The results of the whole are exhibited as follows: — 84 pairs Flannel Drawers, 1519 pairs Cotton “ 790 pairs Woollen Socks, 12 pairs Cotton “ 50 pairs Woollen Mittens, 84 pairs Slippers, 885 Flannel Shirts, 554 Cotton “ 34 Flannel Double-Gowns, 42 Double Calico “ 4 Wadded 4 Goat’s-Hair “ 679 Handkerchiefs, 725 Towels, 33 Napkins, 309 Sheets, 444 HISTORY OF MILTON. No historic page in ancient or modern times can present names surpassing in all that constitutes distinguished general¬ ship, or dauntless heroism and true, undying love of country, the names of many of our leaders and myriads of our soldiers in this conflict. It is proposed to place on record, as a simple tribute of grati¬ tude, a brief memorial of our fellow-citizens who fell in the war, or who died in immediate connection therewith ; together with a notice of all Milton soldiers of the war who have since passed away, and who now repose in our cemetery, to he followed by a complete list of the names of all in the quota of Milton who, for any length of time, served their country in this time of her greatest peril. 19 Pillows of various sizes, 94 Pillow Ticks, 259 Pillow Cases, 2 Bedquilts, 6 Comforters, 3 Vests, 2 Havelocks, 6 Sleeping Caps, 34 Slings, 655 Bandages, S bbls. of Bandages, 3 bbls. of Lint, 62 boxes Lint, 3 doz. Fans, 1 Mosquito Net, 2 kegs and 3 Bottles Pickles, 25 cans Jellies, 12 pots Preserves, 2 jars Raspberries, 3 cans Preserved Tomatoes, 3 cans Preserved Beans, 56 bottles Raspberry Vinegar, 31 bottles Currant Shrub and Vinegar, 2 bottles Elderberry Wine, 6 bottles Blackberry Syrup, 1 bottle Tomato Condiment, 1 box Lemon Syrup, 2 bbls. Dried Apples, 4 doz. Eggs. Farina, Chocolate, Cherry Brandy, Ravelenta, Soup, Cologne, Jellies, and Shrubs in abundance. Compresses, old Linen, Coats, Pants, Vests, Sheets, Pillow Cases, Towels, Handker¬ chiefs, &c., in large quantities. Books, Newspapers, and Pamphlets. Eight bbls. Fruit and Vegetables for Morris Island. One bbl. and one large box containing Pillows, Pillow Cases, Bedquilts, Bed Linen, Shirts, Dressing-Gowns, Socks, Mittens, Bandages, Lint, Compresses, Books, Papers, and Stationery, sent to the Sanitary Rooms, Boston. One box containing Shirts, Pillow Cases, 1,500 bunches Lint, 235 Bandages, and other useful articles, to Dr. Miller. One box containing 65 Shirts, 250 Bandages, 1,200 bunches Lint, and a large quantity of Compresses, to F. Mann, at the Hospital. Also, Socks, Towels, Bandages, and Lint, sent in a box to Dr. Cushing. In addition to the above, 25 pairs Woollen Socks have been knit for Mrs. Harrison Gray Otis, of Boston; and 75 Shirts and 75 pairs of Drawers, for the Sanitary Commission. Other work has been taken from the Sanitary Rooms, the amount of which is not reported. The Managers in their report express their gratitude to the several circles in the different sections of the town who have labored so cheerfully and assiduously in the good cause. In their closing remarks they say: — “ It will be seen by the foregoing statement that the amount still in the treasury is small. We have, however, a considerable quantity of material on hand, and shall be able to meet present demands for work. It is evident that without new contributions our work must stop. The excellency of the charity is no longer questioned, or the mode of applying it. We ask for pecuniary aid. We ask also for help from all parts of the town in making up garments. Any aid, however small, will be joyfully accepted. And surely those who can do but little are not thereby excused in not doing anything. We hope that we may be able to continue to have work ready to be given out on Thursdays, from 9 till 1 o’clock, at the house of Mrs. F. Cunningham, Milton Hill. We constantly have reports sent from Boston, New York, etc., which we are anxious to circulate among those who are interested in the cause.” THE GREAT CIVIL WAR. 445 As by death’s denuding hand all distinctions of rank are obliterated, so in onr list the private soldier may stand before his commanding officer. MEMORIAL OF SOLDIERS WHO DIED IN THE WAR. The catalogue of our fallen heroes commences with the name of George 0. Baxter. He was born in Boston, Jan. 21, 1840, and removed to Milton in childhood. He enlisted in the 1st Regt., Mass. Yols., May 25, 1861. He was in the first battle of Bull Run and the battle of Williamsburg. He was killed on the second day of the battle of Fair Oaks, June 25, 1862, while engaged as a sharp-shooter, and was buried in camp, close by his old quar¬ ters, with two of his comrades who fell at the same time. The remains, it is supposed, have since been removed to Gettys¬ burg. The chaplain of the regiment, the late Rev. W. H. Cud- worth, thus wrote to his afflicted mother: “ He died in the most brave and gallant manner, and has left a name of which you may justly feel proud.” G-eorge F. Bent. He enlisted as a Milton soldier in Co. E, 7th Regt., Mass. Yols., June 16, 1861, and died at Brightwood, D.C., March 9, 1862. Lieut. Josiah Bent , Jr. He was born in Weymouth, and was the son of Rev. Josiah Bent, at that time pastor of the First Church, Weymouth. At the commencement of the war he enlisted in the 1st Regt., Wisconsin Cavalry, then recruiting at Kenosha, Wis. In the second year of his service he received the commission of- lieutenant. He served with his regiment two years. While stationed at Helena, Ark., he was attacked with malarial dysen¬ tery, and died at Kenosha, Nov. 9, 1868. His blameless char¬ acter and wonderful fitness for a cavalry officer would have placed him high in rank, had he lived. His remains were re¬ moved to Milton, where they now repose in the ancestral tomb. Amos U. Bronsdon. He was born in Milton, Sept. 24, 1824, and attended our Mil- ton schools. He enlisted in the 18th Regt., Mass. Yols., Aug. 7, 1862. He was in the battle of Rappahanock Station, Second 446 HISTORY OF MILTON. Bull Run, Chantilly, and Fredericksburg. Then he was taken sick and ordered home, but died at Pratt’s Landing, Va., Jan. 19, 1863. His body was removed to Milton on the 12th of the following February, and now lies in our cemetery. William A. Buckley. He enlisted in Co. H, 56th Regt., Mass. Yols., Feb. 15, 1864, and died at Washington, D.C., May 3, 1864. Greorge W. Burditt. He enlisted in Co. E, 1st Regt., Mass. Yols., May 25, 1861. May 5, 1862, he was killed at Williamsburg, Ya. N. Stanley Everett. He was born in Milton, April 24, 1842, and received his edu¬ cation mainly in Our schools. He enlisted in the 13th Regt., Mass. Yols., Aug. 4, 1862. On the 12th of August the regi¬ ment removed to the seat of war, and on the 28th were in the battle of Thoroughfare Cap, where a ball passed through his coat and canteen. He was in the second Bull Run battle, and escaped unhurt. In the brief space of six weeks he marched with the regiment one hundred and fifty miles, and passed through two battles; but from constant marching and exposure to the night air his health failed, and he was ordered to the Cliffbourne Hospital, Washington, where he died of diphtheria, Sept. 21, 1862. While with the regiment he was kindly cared for by his comrade, Amos A. Bronsdon, and in the hospital he received the kindest sympathy from a Sister of Charity, whose likeness is now in the hands of his parents. His last words were, “ I am willing to die for my country.” His remains were buried in Washington, at the Soldiers’ Rest, and afterwards were removed to Milton, Oct. T, 1862. Lieut. Josiah IT. V. Field. He was born at Tampa Bay, Fla., in 1843. He was the son of Capt. George P. Field and Elizabeth Eliot, the second daughter of Col. Josiah H. Yose. Captain Field received his appointment of cadetship from Gen. Peter B. Porter, and gradu¬ ated July 1, 1834. In 1845 Lieutenant Field removed with his parents to Milton, to the house built by his great-grandfather before the Revolutionary War. When seven years of age he commenced to attend the Milton Academy, and continued at that school for nine years, when he 446 HISTORY OF MILTON. Bull Run, Chantilly, and Fredericksburg. Then he was taken sick and ordered home, but died at Pratt’s Landing, Va., Jan. 19, 1868. His body was removed to Milton on the 12th of the following February, and now lies in our cfemctery. William A. Buckley. He enlisted in Co. H, 56th Regt., Mass. Vo; Feb. 15, 1864, and died at Washington, D.C., May 3, 1864. Gre&i'ge W. Burditr. He enlisted in Co. E, 1st Regt., Mass. Vols., Mav 25, 1861. May 5, 1862, he was killed at Williamsburg, Va. JV. Stanley Everett. He was born in Milton, April 24, 1842, and received his edu¬ cation mainly in our schools. He enlisted in the 18th Regt.,-' ]\Iass. Vols,, Aug. 4, 1862. On the 12th of August'the yogi-' ment removed to the seat of war, and bn the 28th weye ip the ' battle of Thoroughfare Gap, where a ball passed rough h . coat and canteen- He was in the second Bull Run battle, and escaped unhurt.; In the brief space of six weeks he marched with thdRegiment 'one hundred and fifty miles, and passed through two battles; but from Constant mltrching and exposure to the niglit air his health failed, and he was* ordered to the Cliffbourne Hospital, Washington, where he died of diphtheria, Sept. 21, 1862. While with the regiment he was kindly cared for by his comrade, Amos A. Bronsdon, and in the hospital he received the kindest sympathy from a Sister of Charity, whose likeness is now in the hands of his parents. His last Words were, “ I am willing to die for my country.” His remains were buried in Washington, at the Soldiers’ Rest, and afterwards were removed to Miltorf, Oct. 7, 1862. ■ Lieut. Josiah H. V. Field. He -was born at lam pa Bay, Fla., in 1843. He was* the son of Capt. Georg*e P. Field and Elizabeth Eliot, the second' daughter of Col. Josiah H. Vose. Captain Field received his appointment of cadetship from Gen. Peter B. Porter, and gradu¬ ated July 1, 1884. Jn 1845 Lieutenant Field removed with his parents to Milton, to the house built by his great-grandfather before the Revolutionary War. When seven years of age he commenced to attend the Milton Academy, and continued at that school for nine years, when he THE GREAT CIVIL WAR. 447 received from the President of the United States his appoint¬ ment as a cadet at West Point. In 1863 he graduated, after a term of four years, and his standing secured him the rank of Lieutenant of Ordnance. He was at once ordered to Frankfort arsenal, Philadelphia, where he remained for nine months, with various and arduous duties. He was then ordered to the armory at Springfield, and after a few days received orders to report at Washington, where he was appointed to the very responsible position of senior Ordnance Officer for Western Virginia, and attended General Hunter in his raid through Virginia. In this most exhaustive campaign his duties were severe and overpowering; his life and energy were an overmatch for his physical frame, and the powers of nature were forced to suc¬ cumb to the mighty strain. In the last letter received from him he says: “ I am played out and exhausted, but my courage is good; I would not have missed this raid.” An officer in the engineer corps, writing to his mother, says: — Your son, with a great and noble band, and like his father before him, has given up his life to his country. In two actions in which he took part he behaved as the son of a soldier. His calmness, his courage, his energy, made him conspicuous at Lynchburg. He rallied our troops, about to break, and held them until the enemy’s charge was repulsed. After this he showed symptoms of exhaustion, and was put in the ambulance during the hasty retreat. At Cumberland he was alarmingly ill, and, apparently without disease, sunk rapidly, .and died July 14, 1864. His remains were brought from Cumberland and lie in Milton Cemetery by the side of his mother’s brother, who died from disease contracted in the Florida war, and was brought here for interment. In the same inclosure lies his grandfather, Col. Josiah H. Vose, who died in New Orleans as he was about to leave with his regiment for Mexico. On the stone which marks the resting-place of Lieutenant Field are inscribed Longfellow’s beautiful and appropriate lines: — “ He, the young and strong, who cherished Noble longings for the strife, By the wayside fell and perished, Weary with the march of life.” Allen C. Grriswold. He enlisted in Co. I, 56th Regt., Mass. Vols., Feb. 4, 1864, and died of wounds received in battle at Spottsylvania Court House, May 23, 1864. 448 HISTORY OF MILTON. Joseph W. Grriswold. Joseph W. Griswold, a brother of Allen C., enlisted in Co. I, 56th Regt., Mass. Vols., Feb. 14, 1864, and was killed at Spott- sylvania, Va., May 18, 1864. Greorge W. Hall , Jr. He was born in Milton, Jan. 1, 1844, and attended the East School in our town. He enlisted in the 38th Regt., Mass. Vols., Aug. 21, 1862. He was in the battles of Bisland, Port Hudson, Cane River, Opequan Creek, and Winchester. At the battle of Winchester, Sept. 19, 1864, he was severely wounded, and was ordered to Frederick Hospital, where he died from the effects of his wounds, May 1, 1865. His remains were removed to Milton, and lie entombed in our cemetery. Isaiah Hunt. He was born in Milton, and passed his childhood and youth here. He enlisted in the 35th Regt., Mass. Vols., Aug. 19, 1862. He was severely wounded in the battle of South Mountain, the lirst in which his regiment was engaged; he was taken to Convalescent Camp at Arlington Heights, and from thence to Washington, where he died at the Soldiers’ Retreat, Dec. 17, 1862. He was buried at Washington, and afterwards was brought home by our citizen, Mr. Samuel Cook, and now lies among our honored dead. Hlijah M. Hunt. He was born in Milton, and was the brother of Isaiah Hunt. He enlisted in Co. I, 42d Regt., Mass. Vols., Sept. 16,1862. The regiment left camp November 21, and on the 25th of December a landing was effected on the wharf at Galveston, Texas, and the stars and stripes which floated over the regimental quarters at Readville were thrown to the breeze with cheers. On the 1st of January following General Burrill was attacked by an overwhelming force of the enemy, and, failing to receive promised support from the gunboats, he, with his whole force, comprising three companies of the regiment, in one of which was young Hunt, were marched off as prisoners of war. They were paroled about the 1st of March. Hunt remained with the regiment until the expiration of service. He died in Salem, N.H., April 6, 1868, and was buried in Milton. THE GREAT CIVIL WAR. 449 Samuel Hunt , Jr. He was born in Milton, July 4, 1886, and received his educa¬ tion in our schools. He enlisted from Stoughton, in Co. F, 40th Regt., Mass. Vols., Sept. 3, 1862. He was with his regi¬ ment in Florida at the battle of Olustee, and also at the battle of Drury’s Bluff, Ya. In the Florida campaign he contracted disease, and was discharged April 24, 1864. He arrived home, and continued in feeble health until the time of his death, which occurred in May following. I learn that the lew weeks of his life after he reached home were weeks of great comfort and interest to his kindred and friends. Just before his death he roused from a lethargy, commenced singing these words, “ I’m going home to die no more,” and even before the hymn was finished passed to the home above. Lieut. Albert Jackson. He was born in Boston, but passed his childhood and youth in Milton. He enlisted as sergeant in Co. B, 38th Regt., Mass. Vols., July 21, 1862, and was promoted to second lieutenant March 8, 1863. In the battle of Port Hudson, June 14, 1863, he received wounds from which he recovered. He was with his regiment in the battles of Bisla’nd, Cane River, Opequan, Win¬ chester, Fisher’s Hill, and Cedar Creek. He resigned March 7, 1864, and returned to Boston, where he died, in 1865, from dis¬ ease contracted in the army, and was brought to Milton for in¬ terment. George Long. He enlisted in Nims’ Battery, July 31, 1861, and was dis¬ charged Aug. 16, 1864. He was on duty for more than two years, was engaged in the bombardment of Vicksburg and in the battle of Baton Rouge. He was with the battery in many long and tedious marches and skirmishes, and re¬ mained until the expiration of service. During the last six months of his military life he was prostrated by sickness, and confined in the hospital at New Orleans. Dec. 4, 1866, he married Miss Emma L. Wadsworth, of Milton, and for the benefit of his health removed to Newbern, N.C., where he remained for nearly four years; having become greatly en¬ feebled, and, hoping for a renewal of strength, he returned to Milton, and died here on the day after his arrival, Feb. 2, 1870. 450 HISTORY OF MILTON. Martin Lyons. He enlisted as a Milton soldier in Co. F, 19tli Regt., Mass. Vols., Aug. 28, 1861. He was killed, Sept. 17, 1862, at An- tietam. Albert T. B. Martin. He enlisted in Co. I, 88th Regt., Mass. Vols., Aug. 21, 1862. He was engaged in the battle of Bisland. In the fearful assault of the Thirty-eighth at Port Hudson, on that sad Sunday, June 14, 1863, he received a serious wound. Some of his comrades believe that he was taken to the rear, and removed to New Or¬ leans, where he died of his wounds. This, however, is not con¬ firmed ; and the general belief is that he died on the field of battle, and was buried by the Confederates. Capt. Joseph W. Morton. Early in the war he enlisted as a private. After serving for a time at Ship Island, in the Gulf of Mexico, he received a commission as second lieutenant. At the battle of Baton Rouge, Aug. 5, 1862, owing to sickness and absence of supe¬ riors, he was commanding officer of the cavalry engaged on that occasion, receiving the thanks and praises of men of high rank for the courage and skill with which he performed his duties. He was then promoted to first lieutenant. By reason of sickness he resigned his commission and returned home; but on returning health, at the request of Governor Andrew, he raised a company of men, and was commissioned captain of Co. D, 4th Mass. Cavalry, The regiment was sent to Hilton Head, and thence to Florida, where he distinguished himself in many raids and skirmishes. In critical circumstances General Birney would say: “ I will send Morton’s cavalry, for he will go where I order, and his men will follow where he leads.” He was taken prisoner at the battle of Gaines’ Mills, and was marched to Macon, thence to Augusta, thence to Andersonville, thence to Charleston, and last to Columbia, where he was con¬ fined until Feb. 17, 1865. One day a negro who was near Captain Morton contrived to whisper the electrifying news : “ Sherman’s army is cornin’, and you’ll soon be free.”—“ And so will you ,” was the captain’s prompt reply. Just before the battle of Baton Rouge he wrote to his father: — Give my love to all. Do not be worried about me. If God sees fit to spare my life to you and mother, lie will; if not, be satisfied that I have THE GREAT CIVIL WAR. 451 done my duty; that 1 died in a good cause, — the service of my country. Do not give way, father, if I should fall, but say with the old Roman patriot, Cato: — “Thanks to the gods, my boy has done his duty; Portius, when I am dead, be sure you place his urn near mine.” And, mother, you may say, with that brave Swiss woman: — “ For thy green vales, O Switzerland ! he died; I will forget my sorrow in my pride.” At the close of the war he returned home, hut with health broken by the exposures and sufferings of prison life. In the autumn he passed into a rapid decline, and died at his father’s house, Dec. 17, 1864. His remains were deposited in the an¬ cestral tomb within our cemetery. Nathaniel T. Myers. He was born in Milton, and received his education in our schools. He enlisted in the 1st Mass. Cavalry, Oct. 12, 1861, and went with the regiment to Hilton Head, S.C. He was in the battles of James Island and Pocataligo. Detachments of the regiment were also in the expeditions against Jacksonville. He died at Hilton Head, very sud¬ denly, Feb. 15, 1868. His commanding officer, in con¬ veying the intelligence of his decease to his parents, thus writes: — On the morning of the 5th your son came from picket duty, and was apparently in usual good health. The attack seized him at 4.80 P.M. A courier was immediately sent to head-quarters for medical aid, and in a very short time, considering the distance, a surgeon arrived, but your son was already dead; nor would any benefit have been derived had the sur¬ geon been at hand at the time of the attack. The body was to-day buried with military honors near the department head-quarters, the Rev. Mr. Hudson, Chaplain of New York Engineers, performing divine service at the grave. I beg leave, in closing, to bear testimony to the uniform good behavior and sterling worth of your son. He was faithful in the performance of duty, and from his social qualities was much regarded by his comrades. His career, although short, was honorable, and his loss will be deeply felt by the company. By the kindness of his company his remains were tenderly transmitted to Milton, at their expense, and repose in the family tomb. 452 HISTORY OF MILTON. Joseph A. Parsons. He enlisted in Co. I, 26th Reg. Mass. Vols., Sept. 21, 1861, and died Feb. 2, 1863, at New Orleans. Lieut. Stephen Cr. PerJcins. He was born in Boston, Sept. 18, 1835, but removed to Mil- ton before the war. He graduated at Harvard with the Class of 1856, spent a year in the Law School at Cambridge, but after¬ wards entered the Scientific School, where he obtained a degree in mathematics in 1861. He enlisted in the 2d Regt., Mass. Vols., July 8, 1861, and received the commission of second lieutenant. On July 11, 1862, he was promoted to first lieu¬ tenant. The disastrous battle of Cedar Mountain occurred Aug. 9, 1862. Of the twenty-two officers who went into this battle only eight came out unhurt. It is stated by our citizen, Col. H. S. Russell, then a captain in the 2d, that when the regiment had been in position about twenty minutes Lieutenant Perkins received a wound in his right hand, but refused to go to the rear, saying that a handker¬ chief was all he wanted, and this was given him. Ten minutes afterwards Colonel Russell noticed him again; and in a few minutes more, when the regiment was withdrawn, he was not in his place. The body was found a little to the rear, pierced with three bullets. It was sent to Washington, and afterwards, with the most touching funeral ceremonies, was deposited in Oak Hill Cemetery, Georgetown, Aug. 25, 1862, where it now reposes. Oapt. J. Sewall Reed. Captain Reed was born in Milton, was educated in our schools, and passed his youth here. He went to California in 1849, where he remained until the opening of the war. In 1862 he raised a company of one hundred and one men in California, called “ The California 100,” of which he was made captain. He came to Boston with his command, and offered their services to the State of Massachusetts. He was commissioned captain of Co. A, 2d Mass. Cavalry, and continued in the service till his death. Captain Reed was killed at Drainsville, Va., Feb. 22, 1864. He was a brave and gallant officer. The heroic spirit that prompted him and his one hundred associates voluntarily to come from their distant home to join their native State in THE GREAT CIVIL WAR. 453 the great struggle for right is hardly equalled in the history of the war. Archibald McKendry, his lieutenant, possessed the same brave and noble spirit that inspired the leader and his command. He, too, was in some measure connected with one of our religious societies, and, with his chivalric commander, reflects honor upon our town. W. 0. V. Rockwood. He enlisted in Co. E, 7th Regt., Mass. Vols., June 15, 1861, and died March 3, 1862, at Brightwood, D.C. John Scaff. He enlisted in Co. E, 7th Regt., Mass. Vols., Jan. 16, 1861, and died Oct. 19, 1862, at Washington. Charles H. Thayer. He was born in Randolph, but removed to Milton in early life, and entered the service of Mr. Samuel Adams, where he remained until twenty-one years of age. At the commencement of the war he enlisted in Co. A, 29th Regt., Mass. Vols., and was discharged for disability May 21, 1861. He reenlisted in the 38th Regt., Mass. Vols., Aug. 21, 1862. He was with the regiment through the Teche campaign, and was engaged in the battle of Bisland. In the early part of the first attack upon Port Hudson, when engaged near Sandy Creek, he was instantly killed, and was buried by his Milton comrades at Port Hudson, May 25, 1863. Lieut. Greorge W. Thacher. George W. Thacher was born June 16, 1837. He was the only son of the late George M. Thacher, of Boston, grandson of the late Peter O. Thacher, great-grandson of Dr. Peter Thacher, of Brattle-street Church, and great-great-grandson of the second Oxenbridge Thacher, who was grandson of Rev. Peter Thacher, the first pastor of Milton. He was anxious to take part in the war in the beginning of the struggle, when the 45th Regiment was formed from the Cadet Company of which he was a member; but he resigned his own wishes to the entreaties of his mother at that time. Being the only son of a widow, he was exempted by law from serving in the army; he afterwards volunteered to join Captain Ware’s company in the old 6th Regiment, and at Fort Delaware, Sept. 13, 1864, he laid down his life in the service of his country. 454 HISTORY OF MILTON. No more heroic spirit than his was quenched in the war of the rebellion. The chaplain of the regiment writes : “ He was anxious to live, but willing to die; he had thought much of death, and had no fear of it.” T. David Vase, of Milton, enlisted in Co. M, 1st Mass. Cavalry, Dec. 26,1861. He died at Edisco, S.C., June 1, 1862. Greorge Ellis Vose. He was horn in Milton, Aug. 23,1842, and received his edu¬ cation in our schools. Though of somewhat feeble constitution, and unable to endure exposure, he forgot himself in the peril of his country, and heartily joined the patriot bands rallying for her defence. He enlisted in Co. I, 38th Regt., Mass. Yols., Aug. 21, 1862. While yet in camp at Lynnfield he contracted a cold from which he never fully recovered. He moved with the regi¬ ment to Baltimore, and remained there until marching orders were received and they broke camp to embark for New Orleans. Then he was left behind at Stewart’s hospital, and soon being discharged for disability, was brought to his home in Milton, where he died,. Jan. 12, 1863. The commanding officer of his company thus writes to his parents: — 1 have heard with sorrow of the death of your son George ; you have the sympathy of myself and of the men under my command in this your great affliction. Your son was a young man of excellent disposition and of great force of moral character, beloved and respected by all with whom he came in contact. Please accept this as a token of the respect which the officers and men have for him who was once their friend and comrade. While in hospital at Baltimore lie was frequently visited with great kindness by Mr. Nathaniel Morison, kindred of our beloved and honored citizen, and also by several kind and sympathizing ladies of Baltimore, ministering spirits so often sent forth to minister to our lonely, sick, and dying soldiers. Lieut. Huntington Erothingham Wolcott , in honor of whom is named the Milton Post of the Grand Army of the Republic. He was born in Boston, Feb. 4, 1846, and removed to Milton in 1850; he received from Gov¬ ernor Andrew, in October, 1864, the commission of lieutenant in the 2d Regt., Mass. Yol. Cav.; was in camp at Readville 2^Ueg.Mass.m Cm. 454 HISTORY OF HIL TO N. No more heroic spirit thabshis.was.quenched in the war of the rebellion. i he iiaplaiii -of 4he .regiment writes : 4He was ^Jiilxious to live, but willing to die; lie .had-thought, much of death, add had rio fear, of it.” T. David Vase, < f Milton, enlisted in Co. M, 1st Mass. Cavalry, 'Dec.- 26,1861. He died at Edisco, S.C., June 1,1862. . G-eofga ElUs Vos . Tie was 1 orn in Milton, Aug.23,1842, and received his edu¬ cation in our schools. Though of somewhat feeble constitution, and unable to ondiire; exposure, he forgot himself in the peril of Ins country, mid heartily joined the patriot bantb rallying for y her defence;" He enlisted in-Co. I, 88th Rc .. Mass. Vo! • -g 21, 1862. VVl^ie yet in chmp at L infield h ntracted a cold iroiti-' whic.|;he-4\ever fully recovered. He moved with the regi¬ ment to Baltimo: and remained there untie man hir or< s were received and they broke camp to embark for New Orleans. Then he was left behind at Stewart’s hospital, and soon being drspharged for disability, was brought to his home in Milton, where he died, Jan. 12, 1.063. ' - The .eommancling officer ofyhis company thus writ:- to his ^parents;- - . - 1 haveyheaVd witlpsomnY oi the death of your son George ; you have the sympathy oh myself and of ihe men pudor my command in tins your great ySfftlIctitTti. Your son was it yotirig nmrrof excellent disposition and of great force of moral character, beloved and respected by ail with whom .<■ •aim in .‘eon-tact. Please accept this as a token of the respect which t ! officers and ittea-have for- him who' was once^their friend and comrade. ' JYhila in,, hospital at Baltimore lie was . frequently visited wrthy great kindness by .dr. Nathaniel Morison., kindred of our 'beloved and honored citizen,, and also by several kind and .sympathizing ladies of Baltimore, ministering spin so often Li ('-at. Hunting/> § 1 6 Time. Date of Muster. Termination of Service, and cause thereof. Clark, Phillip C. . . . 18 A 3 yrs. Sept. 9, ’61. Feb. 1, ’65. Expiration of serv. Conklin, Edward . . . 45 B 9 mos. Sept. 26, ’62. July 7, ’63. Expiration of serv. Cook, Charles W. . . . 35 E 3 yrs. Aug. 19, ’62. Jan. 6, ’63. Not stated. Cook, Thos. H. V.R.C. Aug. 19, ’62. Jan. 6, ’65. Not stated. Conrtney, James . . . 12 K yrs. July 18, ’64. Oct. 22, ’63. Jan. 30, ’65. Order War Dept. June 25,’64. Trans, to 39th Inf. and V.R.C. Crossman, John &., j 38 I 3 yrs. Aug. 21, ’62. June 30, ’65. Expiration of serv. Culph, Joseph .... 2 G 3 yrs. Aug. 2, ’64. Sept. 20, ’64. Deserted. Cunningham, John . . 45 I 9 mos. Oct. 15, ’62. July 7, ’63. Expiration of serv. Cunningham, Patrick . 45 I 9 mos. Oct. 15, ’62. July 7, ’63. Expiration of serv. Cunningham, Peter . . 45 B Sept. 26, ’62. July 7, ’63. Expiration of serv. Cunningham, William . 45 B 9 mos. Sept. 26, ’62. July 7, ’63. Expiration of serv. Dalton, George W. . . 1 E 3 yrs. May 25,-’61. Dec. 26, ’62. Disability. Davenport, Nath. T., jr. 45 B 9 mos. Sept. 26, ’62. July 7, ’63. Expiration of serv. Davis, Walter S., 2d \ 22 3 yrs. Oct. 1, ’61. June 28, ’62. 1st Lieut. Davis, Walter 8., Capt. 22 3 yrs. Oct. 18, ’62. Oct. 17, ’64. Expiration of serv. Bvt. Lt. Col. Dearborn, Charles C. . V.R.C. July 18, ’64. Not stated. Delannoy, Desere . . . 45 ‘b ’ Sept, 30, ’62. Deserted. Readville, Mass. Dennison, Jerry. . • . 43 B 9 mos! Oct. 11, ’62. July 30, ’63. Expiration of serv. Dillon, William .... V.R.C. July 20, ’64. Feb. 24, ’65. Disability. Doherty, Edward . . j 5th Bat. Lt. Art. 3 yrs. Feb. 27, ’65. June 12, ’65. Expiration of serv. Dunican, Patrick . . . 45 B 9 mos. Sept. 26, ’62. Oct. 9, ’62. Disability. Dunican, Patrick . . . 32 G 3 yrs. Sept. 7, ’63. May 12, ’64. Killed, Laurel Hill, Va. Mar. 31, ’64. Trans. V.R.C. Dyer, Andrew J. . . . 18 C 3 yrs. Jan. 14, ’62. Edwards, William . . Ellinger, William H. . 62 0 lyr. Mar. 17, ’65. Apr. 21, ’65. Deserted. 2dH. A. G 3 yrs. July 20, ’64. Sept. 3, ’65. Expiration of serv. Emerson, John H. . . 45 B 9 mos. Oct. 11, ’62. July 7, ’63. Expiration of serv. Emerson, John H., 1st1 Sergt.j 56 H 3 yrs. Jan. 27, ’64. Emerson, John H.,2d \ Lieut.j 56 3 yrs. May 17, ’64. Emerson, John H.,Capt. 56 3 yrs. Oct. 22, ’64. July 22, ’65. Expiration of serv. Everett, N. Stanley . . 13 ' A 3 yrs. Aug. 4, ’62. Sept. 21, ’62. Died, Alexandria,Va. Eairbank, Lemuel G., ) Corp.j 42 K 100 dys. July 18, ’64. Nov. 11, ’64. Expiration of serv. Fisher, George A., j 1st Lieut.j 5th Cav. July 5, ’64. June 24, ’65. Resigned. Fisher, Herman .... 7 E 3 yrs. June 15, *61. 1863. Trans, to V.R.C. Fisher, William J., ) 1st Sergt.1 7 E 3 yrs. June 15, ’61. Fisher, William J., j 2d Lieut.j 7 3 yrs. May 4, ’63. Sept. 16, ’64. Trans, to 39th Reg. Fish, Henry F. 12 D July 17, ’63. June 25, ’64. Trans, to 39th Reg. Trans, to 32d Reg. June 29, ’65. Expiration of serv. Sept. 10, ’64. Rejected recruit. Fish Henry F. A Fish’ Henry F. 32 A June 2, ’65. Fisk, Homer W. . . . 2d H.A. U.R. 3 yrs. July 16, ’64. Fletcher, James W. . . 56 H 3 yrs. Feb. 15, ’64. Aug. 7, ’65. Order War Dept. Forbes, William H., 2d Lieut.j 1st Cav. 3 yrs. Dec. 26, ’61. Forbes, William H., Ipt Tiifint. . . T . . ( 1st Cav. 3 yrs. July 27, ’62. Forbes, Wm. H., Capt. 2d Cav. 3 yrs. Jan. 14, ’63. Forbes, Wm. H., Maj. 2d Cav. 3 yrs. May 12, ’63. Forbes, William H., j Lieut.-Col.) 2d Cav. 3 yrs. Oct. 21, ’64. May 15, ’65. Expiration of serv. Ford, Luther A. ... 32 0 3 yrs. Sept. 7, ’63. June 29, ’65. Expiration of serv. Fulton, Henry S. P. . . V.R.C. Aug. 8, ’64. Nov. 14, ’65. Order War Dept. Gilbert, Wallace H. . . 22 'f ' 3 yrs. Aug. 10, ’61. Nov. 1, ’63. Trans, to V.R.C, Goodwin, Daniel . . July 29, ’64. Nov. 21, ’65. Order War Dept. Grant, Everett A., Corp. 38 I 3 yrs. Aug. 26, ’62. June 30, ’65. Expiration of serv. THE GREAT CIVIL WAR. 461 List op Milton Soldiers. — Continued. 1 s Time. 1 3 V.R.C. 56 'i * 3 yrs. ' 56 i. 3 yrs. 29 A 3 yrs. 38 I 3 yrs. 45 B 9 mos. 2 U. R. 3 yrs. 13 D 3 yrs. 2d Cav. E 3 yrs. 13 A 3 yrs. A 3 yrs. 13 B 3 yrs. 45 B 9 mos. 56 I 3 yrs. Boston Act of ) Cadets Con gress ) 45 B 56 3 yrs. 38 ' i ‘ 3 yrs. Boston By A ct of ) Cadets Con gress j 7 E 3 yrs. 7 3 yrs. 7 3 yrs. 7 3 yrs. V.R. C. 4th Cav. ’ H ' 3 yrs.' : 16 I 3 yrs. 38 I 3 yrs. 35 E 3 yrs. 24 I 3 yrs. ■ 45 V. R. C. B 9 mos. 45 ’ B ’ 9 mos! 45 B 9 mos. 38 I 3 yrs. 6thUnat Inf. S c 90 dys. 42 I 100 dys.. V. R. C. 7 E 3 yrs. , 7 E 3 yrs. . . 38 I 3 yrs. 26 I 3 yrs. 4th Cav. H 3 yrs. : 60 B 100 dys. , 45 B 9 mos. 1 38 I 3 yrs. . 44 D 9 mos. ! 56 3 yrs. : 56 3 yrs. : 7 E 3 yrs. . Grisel, John .... Griswold, Allen P. . Griswold, Joseph W. Gunnison, Edward L. Hall, George W., Jr. Halliday, George W. Hardman, James C. . Hastings, Frank B. . Heath, Charles W. . Hebard, Henry J. A. Hebard, Henry J. A. Hegan, Edward . . . Hicks, David E., Sergt Higgins, John . . Hill, Chester K. . Hollingsworth, Amor ) L.| Hollis, Abijah, 2d Lieut. Hollis, Abijah, Capt. . Holmes, Abraham, Jr. . Holmes, Christopher ) C-, Capt., rank J Lieut.-Col.) Hopkins, Edward E., ( 1st Sergt.j Hopkins, Edward E., \ 2d Lieut.J Hopkins, Edward F., 1st Lieut. ■ • ) Hopkins, Edward E., ) Capt.( Houghton, Edward . Howe, George W. . . Hoyt, Daniel T. V. . Hunt, Charles C. . . Hunt, Isaiah .... Jan. 30, Eeb. 4, ! Eeh. 4, ’ May 21, ’ Aug. 21, : Sept. 26, : July 19, : July 22, ! Eeb. 16, ’ July 29, ’ July is’ ’ July 16, ’ May 26, 1 Sept. 26, ’ Nov. 25, ’ Aug. 21, ’ May 26, ’62. July 2, ’62. Expiration of s< June 15, ’61. Ingraham, Sewell S. Jewett, Jonas W. . . Johnson, David W. . Jones, Benjamin F-. . Jones, Elbridge . . . Jones, John P. . . . Jones, John P. . . . j Keating, John .... Kennedy, Michael . . . King, Washington . . Kirby, Patrick, Sergt. . Kittridge, Henry G. I W., Sergt.j Lacy, John. Leavitt, Albion .... Leavitt, Charles L. . . Leavitt, William F. . . Leavitt, Wm. S., Sergt. Levy, Bernard .... Littlefield, Charles G. . Littlefield, Henry W. . Littlefield, Henry W., ) 2d Lieut. \ Lord, George F. Jan. 17, ' July 29, ’ Eeb. 8, July 21, 1 Aug. 21, ! Aug. 19, ’ Jan. 2, ! Sept. 26, ’ Aug. 2, ! Sept. 26, ’ Sept. 26, ’ Aug. 21, ! May 4, ' July 19, ’ July 28, 1 Nov. 23, ’65. Order War Dept. May 23, ’64. Died of wounds. May 18, ’64. Killed Spottsylva- nia Court-House. Aug. 15, ’64. Expiration of serv. May 1, ’65. Died of wounds. July 7, ’62. Expiration of serv. Never joined regiment. Aug. 1, ’64. Expiration of serv. July 20, ’65. Expiration of serv. Jan. 4, ’64. To reenlist. Sept. 21, ’64. Order War Dept. Not stated. Reenlisted U. S. colored troops. Expiration of serv. July 2, ’62. Expiration of serv. July 7, ’63. Expiration of serv. June 26, ’65. Disability Bt. Maj. Mar. 17, ’64. Disability. Mar. 22, ’< June 10, ’63. Not stated. Aug. 20, ’65. " ’61. Deserted. Disability. Disability. ( Died of wounds, I Washington, D.C. Expiration of serv. Expiration of serv. Disability. Expiration of serv. Disability. Expiration of serv. Expiration of serv. . 24, ’64. Dec. 17, ’62. Jan. 20, ’66. ’62.]july 7, ’63. ’64. Not stated. ’62. Nov. 3, ’62. ’62. July 7, ’63. ’62. Sept. 11, ’62. ’64. Aug. 2, ’64. ’64. Nov. 11, ’64. ’64. Not stated. ’64. Nov. 21, ’65. ’61. Jan. 3, ’62. ’61. Dec. 26, >63. ’62. June 30, ’65. '61. Jan. 4, ’64. ’64. Nov. 14, ’65. ’64.lNov. 30, ’64. ’62. July 7, ’63. '64. Not stated. ^Jju.jie 30, 65. '62.1 April 26, ’63. ’64. Eeb. 9, ’65. Disability. ’61. Oct. 12, ’63. Disability. To reenlist. Expiration of S( To reenlist. Expiration of se Expiration of s( Expiration of s( 462 HISTORY OF MILTON. List of Milton Soldiers. — Continued. Regiment. j Company. Time. 7 E 3 yrs. 45 B 9 mos. 3d H.A. H 3 yrs. IstH.A. I 3 yrs. 7 E 3 yrs. 5.6 B 3 yrs. 19 F 3 yrs. 19 F 3 yrs. 2d H.A. E 3 yrs. 7 E 3 yrs. 38 I 3 yrs. 24 D 3 yrs. 24 45 B 9 mos. V.R.C. 2 U.R. 3 yrs. 28 A 3 yrs. 15 G 3 yrs. 20 G 3 yrs. 24 D 3 yrs. 24 3 yrs. 7 E 3 yrs. 45 B 15 G 3 yrs. 2d Cav. B 3 yrs. 2d Cav. F 3 yrs. 45 B 9 mos. 45 B 9 mos. 45 B 9 mos. 44 E 9 mos. 39 B 3 yrs. 38 I 3 yrs. I 3 yrs. 6 H 100 dys. 22 F 3 yrs. B 9 mos. 28 A 3 yrs. 35 E 3 yrs. 9 H 3 yrs. 1st Cav. M 3 yrs. 1st Cav. D 3 yrs. 7 E 3 yrs. 7 E 3 yrs. 7 E 3 yrs. 45 O 45 B 42 I 100 dys. 45 B 9 mos. 38 I 3 yrs. 45 B 9 mos. 26 I 3 yrs. 24 A 3 yrs. 2 3 yrs. 2 3 yrs. Lord, James F., Corp. Lord, Joseph B. Lord, Joseph B. Lord, William H. Lucas, Frederick A. Lycett, James . . Lynch, Michael. Lyons, Martin . Lyons, Michael . • Madden, Michael Malloy, James . Martin, Albert T. B. Martin, John W., Sergt. Martin, John W., 1st \ Lieut.. . . j Mathes, Daniel .... McCarthy, Eugene . . McCauley, Joseph F. . McG-owan, Jas., Sergt. McHugh, Patrick . . . McHugh, Patrick . . . McWhirk, Alexander, ) Sergt . { McWhirk, Alexander, / 1st Lieut. j Merrill, Thomas . . . Merrill, William W. . Meyers, George .... Middleton Henry G. . Miller, William C. H. . Moffat, Elijah W. ' Corp . Morrisey, John . . Morrisey, Thomas Morse, Alfred L. . Moses, George F. . . _ Moulton, Geo.H., Corp. Moulton, Luther, Jr. Moulton, Luther, Jr Munroe, William . Murphy, James . . Murray, James . . Murray, John . . . Murry, Francis . . Myers, Nathaniel T. Myers, Samuel G. . Needham, Henry £ Corp. Nightingale, James Nightingale, Wm. I Niles, Jerome S. . Nolan, Christopher Nolan, Christopher Norton, Edward . . Nye, Hiram T. . . Ochs, Joseph A. . Parsons, Joseph A. Pearl, Henry M.. . Perkins, Stephen G 2d Lieut. Perkins, Stephen G 1st Lieut . Dec. 26, July 7, Sept. 18, Sept. 17, Not statet June 27, June 13, Sept. 17, Jan. 11, Sept. 3, Jan. 28, June 18, ’63. To reenlist. ’63. Expiration of serv. ’64. Expiration of serv. ’65. Expiration of serv. 1 . ’64. Expiration of serv. ’65. Disability. 62. Killed, Antietam. ’64. Disability. ’65. Expiration of serv. ’63. Deserted. ’63. Died of wounds. July 30, ’ July 27, ’ Jan. 2, ’ Jan. 20, ’ June 15, ’ Sept. 26, ’ July 29, ’ Feb. 3, ’ July 19, ’ Sept. 26, ’ Sept. 26, ’ Sept. 26, ’ Sept. 12, ’ Aug. 20, ’ Aug. 21, ’ Aug. 21, ’ July 16, ’ Aug. 10, ’ Sept. 26, ’ Dec. 13, ’ Aug.’19, ’ Dec. 7, ’ Oct. 12, ’ Sept. 17, ’ June 15, 1 June 15, '■ June 15, ’ Sept. 26, ’ Sept. 26, ’ July 19, ’ Sept. 26, ’ Aug. 21, ’ Sept. 26, ' Sept. 21, 1 Oct. 17, 1 July 8, ’ Dec. 18, ’65. July 7, ’63. Not stated. Never joined i June 30, ’65. July 27, ’64. July 16, ’65. Jan. 20, ’66. Jan. 20, ’66. Nov. 22, ’62. July 7, ’63. Sept. 13, ’63. July 20, ’65. July 20, ’65. July 7, ’63. July 7, ’63. July 7, ’63. June 18, ’63. Mar. 17, ’65. June 30, ’65. May 30, ’63. Oct. 27, ’64. Jan. 10, ’64. July 7, ’63. Nov. 1, ’62. June 9, ’65. June 10, ’64. Feb. 15, ’63. Oct. 3, ’64. June 27, ’64. June 27, ’64. June 14, ’62. July 7, ’63. July 7, ’63. Nov. 11, ’64. July 7, ’63. June 30, ’65. July 7, ’63. Feb. 2, ’63. Resigned. Expiration of serv. j Trans. Co. G, 20th ! Reg. Expiration of serv. Made 1st Lieut. ( Expiration of ser- I vice as Sergt. Disability. Expiration of serv. Deserted. Expiration of serv. Expiration of serv. Expiration of serv. Expiration of serv. Expiration of serv. Expiration of serv. Disability. Expiration of serv. Disability. Expiration of serv. To reenlist. Expiration of serv. Disability. Expiration of serv. Missing. i Died, Hilton Head, | S.C. Expiration of serv. Expiration of serv. Expiration of serv. Disability. Expiration of serv. Expiration of serv. Expiration of serv. Expiration of serv. Expiration of serv. Expiration of serv. Died, New Orleans, Nov. 30, ’62. Disability. THE GREAT CIVIL WAR. 463 List op Milton Soldiers. — Continued. Pierce, George . . *Pierce, Edward L. Pillsbury, Oliver 8. Piper, Alonzo . . . Raymond, George T Corp. 1 . Richardson, George Robertson, James B Robertson, James B Sergt. . . ... Robertson, James B Sergt. Robinson, James Roekwood, Wm. O. Y. Rogers, Arthur . . . Rooney, Bartholomew Rooney, Patrick H. . Rowe, John F. . . . Rowe, John F. . . . Sargent, Eliphalet E. Sayers, William . . . Scaff, John. 3 yrs. 3 yrs. 3 yrs. 3 yrs. Schrider, Wm., Mus’l S haw, Joseph A., Corp Sias, John, 2d . . . Siebert, John . . . Simmons, John D. Skinner, George E. Skinner, Otis A. . Smith, Patrick . . Snow, Elbridge . . Snow, Elbridge . . Snow, James H.. . Spear, John M., Jr. Spiller, James F., Corp Spinney, Pryor . . Sullivan, Daniel J. Sumner, Henry J.. Sweeney, Terance. Thayer, Charles H. Thayer, Charles H Sergt. Thayer, Frederick Thayer, Samuel L. Thompson, James A Vase, T. David . . . Vialle, James L., Sergt. Vose, George E. Ware, William . Warren, Preston Wellington, Henry F. Wentworth, George I 1st Cav. 4th Cav. V.R.C. 3 yrs. 3 yrs. 3 yrs. 3 yrs. 3 yrs. 3 yrs. 3 yrs. 9 mos. 3 yrs. 2d Lieut. White, Edward P., 1st Lieut. White, James . . . . Sept. 26, ’62. Apr. 23, ’61. Aug. 11, ’64. July 16, ’64. July 29, ’62. July 18, ’64. Aug 24, ’61. Jan. 2, ’64. Oct. 21, ’64. July 16, ’64. Sept. 26, ’61. Oct. 14, ’61. Sept. 23, ’61. Oct. 23, ’61. July 30, ’64. Oct. 11, ’62. June 15, ’61. Jan. 12, ’64. Sept. 26, ’62. Aug. 21, ’62. Nov. 17, ’61. Aug. 6, ’62. Sept. 26, ’62. July 16, ’61. July 20, ’64. Sept. 26, ’62. July 14, ’64. Sept. 26, ’62. Dec. 20, ’61. June 15, ’61. Aug. 10, ’64. Jan. 31, ’65. Sept. 26, ’62. Aug. 21, ’62. May 21, ’61. Aug. 21, ’62. June 15, ’61. June 26, ’61. Sept. 26, ’62. Dec. 26, ’61. Sept. 16, ’62. Aug. 21, ’62. Sept. 12, ’62. Aug. 11, ’64. Sept. 26, ’62. Aug. 21, ’61. Sept. 12, ’62. June 4, ’63. July 7, ’63. Expiration of s< July 22, ’61. Expiration of si June 28, ’65. Expiration of si Nov. 30, ’64. Expiration of s< Aug. 1, ’64. Expiration of si Oct. 21, ’64. Trans, to 32d Reg. Nov. 1, ’64. Supernumerary. Not stated. Mar. 3, ’62. Died, Brightwood, D.C. Oct. 27, ’64. Expiration of serv. July 7, ’63. Expiration of serv. Dec. 22, ’63. Trans, to Signal Transferred to 4th Cav. Oct. 25, ’64. Expiration of serv. Nov. 14, ’65. Order War Dept. Nov. 2, ’62 Deserted, Readville, Oct. 19, ’62. June 6, ’65. July 7, ’63. July 24, ’63. Jan. 4, ’64. June 11, ’65. July 7, ’63. June 3, ’62. Never joined July 7, ’63. Nov. 30, ’64. July 7, ’63. Dec. 4, ’64. Feb. 12, ’63. June 28, ’65. May 5, ’65. July 7, ’63. June 30, ’65. July 6, ’61. Aug. 21, ’65 Mar. 24, ’65 July 7, ’63 June 1, ’62 Aug. 20, ’63 Nov. 7, ’62 Mar. 14, ’63 Not stated. July 7, ’63 Dec. 20, ’63 May 30, ’63 Died, Washington, D.C. Disability. Expiration of serv. Disability. To reenlist. Expiration of serv. Expiration of serv. Disability, regiment. Expiration of serv. Expiration of serv. Expiration of serv. Expiration of serv. Disability. Expiration of serv. Died of wounds, Fairfield, Va. Expiration of serv. Expiration of serv. Disability. Killed, Fort Hud¬ son, La. Deserted. Deserted. Expiration of serv. Disability. Disability. Expiration of serv. To reenlist. 2d Lieut. 2d H.A. 2d H.A. 4th Cav. 3 yrs. Aug. 14, ’ 3 yrs. Feb. 24, ’ Nov. 14, ’65. Expiration of serv. *He left Boston April 18 with his regiment, which was sworn in at Fort Monroe on the 23d. 464 HISTORY OF MILTON. List op Milton Soldiers. — Concluded. Name. i >> 1 Time. Date Termination of Service, and g of Muster. cause thereof. <3 6 White, Jas.C.,1st Lieut. 44 G 9 mos. Sept. 12, ’62. June 18, ’63. Expiration of serv. White, Jas.C., 1st Lieut. White, Jas. C., Capt. . 2d H.A. 3 yrs. Aug. 25, ’63.* 2d H.A. 3 yrs. Aug. 14, ’63.* Sept. 3, ’65. Expiration of serv. White, John E., 2d j 29 3 yrs. May 7, ’61. July 31, ’61. Whittemore, Charles N. 56 H 3 yrs. Feb. 15, ’64. Aug. 2, ’64. Died, Phila., Pa. Wigley, James, Sergt. 38 I 3 yrs. Aug. 21, ’62- June 30, ’65. Expiration of serv. Williams, John M. . . 45 B 9 mos. Sept. 26, ’62. July 7, ’63. Expiration of serv. Williams, Thos., Corp. 45 B Sept. 26, ’62 July 7, ’63. Expiration of serv. Wilson, James .... 19 I 3 yrs. May 19, ’64. June 30. ’65. Expiration of serv. * Unexplained error in date. IN REGULAR ARMY. Arnold, Charles R. Belton, Thomas. Collins, Edward, Lieut.-Col. Collins, John. | Douglas, Alfred. Field, Ebenezer. (Navy.) Hastings, Frank B. | Huntington, Edward. Lane, John. Savage, William H. Sweatland, George E. The following-named citizens furnished substitutes : — Coot, Samuel, Jr. I Gannett, George K. Durell, John. | Martin, Henry B. Thayer, James B. White, Franklin B. SOLDIERS WHO RECEIVED A MILTON BOUNTY, BUT WERE NOT COUNTED UPON ITS QUOTA. Albert J. Bacon, Boston. Elbridge Blackman, Randolph. James E. Dow, Boston. James Finnerty, Boston. Charles H. Graham, Quincy. Charles H. Moulton, Acton. George W. Pearce, Quincy. Thomas L. Pearce, Quincy. Edward Shannon, Westport. John E. Simpson, Quincy. Samuel G. Thayer, Stoughton. William H. Whitney, West Roxbury. Jerome S. Chapman. Bernard Cofield. Michael Degnan. William Jackson. NOT ACCOUNTED I Josiah Leavitt. Charles Petal. George H. Pickering. I Henry C. A. Ruvald. I Francis Traven. George A. Twiss. C. H. Whitcomb. I Charles Wryanch. SUPPLEMENTARY LIST. Soldiers of the war who have since become citizens of Milton, and soldiers who were Milton men, but not counted on its quota. [This list is necessarily imperfect .] Angier, Wm. R., Penn. Reserves. Brown, John H., 15th New Hampshire. Brown, N. Frank, Co. I, nth New Hampshire. Field, Josiah H. V., Lieut., Regular Army. Fletcher, George A., Lieut., 56th Mass. Jackson, Albert, Lieut., 38th Mass. Littlefield, John, Lieut., 23d Mass. McQuirk, James, 24th Mass. Peabody, Oliver W., Lieut.-Col. 45th Mass. Reed, J. Sewall, Capt., California Hundred. Rice, Daniel G., 45th Mass. Russell, Henry 8., Brevet Brig.-Gen., 5th Mass. Cav. Sias, Nathaniel, Navy. Stevenson, Robert H., Brevet Brig.-Gen., 24th Mass. Tappan, Lewis W., Jr., Capt., 45th Mass. Wetherbee, Oren, 4th Heavy Art. THE GREAT CIVIL WAR. 465 GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. As an outgrowth of the war, soon after its close the soldiers of the army founded an organization called “ The Grand Army of the Republic.” The design of the organization was : — 1st. To preserve and strengthen the kind and fraternal feelings awakened by companionship amid the perils of the march and of the battle, and to perpetuate the memory and history of the dead. 2d. To lend a helping hand to comrades enfeebled by the exposures of the war, and to extend needful aid to the widows and orphans of the fallen. 3d. To maintain allegiance to the laws of the land, and to encourage and promote patriotism and loyalty among all classes. Huntington Frothingham Wolcott Post 102 G.A.R., Dept, of Massachusetts. The Milton Post, named in honor of Lieutenant Wolcott, was organized April 10, 1879, having for the first commander J. Walter Bradlee, who was succeeded by George A. Fletcher. Charles E. C. Breck is the present commander. There are upon its rolls some sixty comrades, who annually gather on the 30th of May around the graves of the departed ones, and pay a beautiful and touching tribute to their memory. They are equally mindful of the living and dependent, having expended hundreds of dollars in relief. Upon the death of a comrade the sum of forty dollars is donated towards his funeral expenses. HISTORY OF MILTON. CHAPTER XIY. MILTON CEMETERY. “ When 1 look upon the tombs of the great , every motion of envy dies ; when I read the epitaphs of the beautiful , every in¬ ordinate desire forsakes me; when I meet with the grief of parents upon the tombstone , my heart melts with compassion; when I see the tombs of the parents themselves , I reflect how vain it is to grieve for those whom we must quickly follow ; when I see kings lying beside those who deposed them; when I behold rival wits placed side by side , or the holy men who divided the world with their contests and disputes ,— I reflect with sorrow and astonish¬ ment on the frivolous competitions , factions , and debates of man¬ kind.” — Addison. T HE facts and documents relating to Milton Cemetery herein presented have been gathered from the Town Records and from various other sources. They supply a full and authentic history of the Cemetery, beginning ten years after the incorpo¬ ration of the town (1672), and extending to the year 1887. As no movement seems to have been made to secure a common burial-place in Milton until ten years after the incorporation of the town, it follows that those who resided within the limits of “ Unquity,” before and after incorporation, must have buried their dead in Dorchester, or by common consent have appro¬ priated one or more places for this purpose within their own limits. At this time there doubtless were settlements at different points along the principal roads, and several hundred inhabitants. Twelve years after incorporation the Records give one hundred and twenty-five tax-payers, from which may be inferred a popu¬ lation of from four to eight hundred or more; it is hardly prob¬ able that their only place of burial was the distant cemetery in Dorchester. The supposition is that the inhabitants had been using the field of Re e elm an (afterwards Redman) for this pur¬ pose, and thus were led to fix upon this place as the com¬ mon burial-ground. This is the belief of some of our oldest citizens. fo7, O. h\ jPertborfy. MILTON CEMETERY. 467 The first notice found in the Records respecting the “ Bury¬ ing Ground ” is as follows: — The 24 Feby. 1672. Robert Reedman was allowed to be payedd out of the towne Rate tene shillings to pay for forty rods of Land for the Burying Place apprised and staked out by Anthony Gulliver, William Blake, Robert Babcock. Robert Reedman being present and consenting thereto—and was agreed betwixed the Towne and Robert Reedman that the towne should fence out this forty rods of land, with a sufficient stone wall, within two years, from Robert Reedman’s land. — Town Records, vol. i., page 1. The above-mentioned lot was about six rods in width on the* road, and extended back about seven rods to the rear or south¬ erly side of the range of tombs now in the central part of the' ground, the most westerly tomb in the range being in the south¬ westerly angle of the lot. These tombs are the oldest in tho ground, and are supposed to have been built about the year 1719,. the town having voted at the March meeting of that year — That Capten John Billing shal have liberty to build a tomb in our Bury¬ ing Place at the Direction of the Selectmen. The Ministerial Tomb was probably built in 1729 ; it having been voted at the March meeting of that year —• That Mr. Oxenbrig Thacher should have liberty to build a Tomb in our burying Place for the Rever d Mr. Peter Thaeher his Father deceased, and that Lieut. Henry Vose and Mr. Benjamin Fenno should order the place for said Tomb where there may be convenient room. This tomb was not built on the Reedman lot. At or previous to this time a small addition was made on the easterly side, where the avenue and Ministerial Tomb now are, by taking some ten or twelve rods from the adjoining land, at that time owned by Samuel Henshaw; but of this there is no record. As early as 1699 attempts were made to enlarge the burying- place; and in that year a committee was chosen — To treat with any person that shall appeire to be the tru owener of the burying place fild as it is commonly called, for the obtaining an addition of land necessary to enlarge our burying place, or to treat of a price for the whole tracte, and to make their return to the Town at the next town meeting. The “ burying place fild ” is supposed to be all that part of the Amory lot purchased of C. Breck and T. Hollis, Jr., which lies northerly of an old line of wall where the land begins to slope off to the swamp or low ground. Nothing appears to have grown out of this attempt to enlarge the ground, unless 468 HISTORY OF MILTON. perhaps the small addition where the Ministerial Tomb now stands may have been made at this time. Attempts to enlarge the ground were made again in 1734, 1738, 1749, and 1751, but without success, the owners of the adjoining land (Samuel Henshaw and William Foye) declining to sell. FIRST ENLARGEMENT. In 1760 Madam Elizabeth Foye and others conveyed to the town, by a deed of gift, half an acre and six rods of land to enlarge the burying-ground. The only notice of this grant to be found upon the Records or files of the town is as follows: — At a Town meeting held July 7, 1760. “ Voted to choose a committee to take security of Mrs. Elizabeth Foye of a piece of land joining our Burying Place. Samuel Miller Esq. Benjamin Wadsworth and Mr. Josiah How was chose a committee for the above said purpose; Voted that the same committee return ye hearty Thanks of this Town to Mrs. Elizabeth Foye for a grant of a piece of land to enlarge our Burying Place.” The original deed is lost. The following is a copy of it, taken from the Suffolk Records, Lib. 97, Fol. 132: — Know all men by these presents, that we, Elizabeth Foye, widow, Elizabeth Foye, spinster, and Mary Cooper, widow, all of Milton in the County of Suffolk, from a Regard to the Inhabitants of the said Town of Milton, and in consideration of the sum of one shilling paid us do Give, Grant, Bargain, and Convey unto the said inhabitants half an Acre and six Rods as staket by Mr. How of Land in Milton aforesaid, heretofore the Estate of Wm. Foye Esq. deceased, the same lying between the now Bury¬ ing Ground in said Milton, and Land lately sold to Mr. Josiah Howe of said Milton. To have and to hold the said half an Acre and six rods as staket by Mr How, of Land unto the said Inhabitants for a burying Ground forever. In witness whereof we hereto set our hands and seals this first day of September, in the thirty-fourth year of his Majestys Reign, Annoque Domini 1760. Signed, Sealed and Delivered in presence of Benjamin Fessenden Mary Babbidge The six rods between the 6 & 7 line as also between the 11 & 12 line was done before signing. Suffolk ss. September the first A.D. 1760 Elizabeth Foye, Elizabeth Foye and Mary Cooper personally appeared and acknowledged the above Instrument to be their deed. Sam 1 . Miller, Jus. Peace. FebL 4, 1762. Received and accordingly Entered and Examined. P r Ezek l P r Ezek l Goldthwait, Iieg r MILTON CEMETERY. 469 The Foye lot is situated on the westerly and southerly sides of the Reedman lot, being bounded westerly by the easterly side of the central avenue of the present ground (Old Cemetery), and extending back some six or seven rods in rear of the Reed¬ man lot. At the time of the above enlargement the ground had become filled with graves, and the supposition is that a few burials had already been made upon the Foye lot. SECOND ENLARGEMENT. The next enlargement was made Sept. 15, 1794, by the pur¬ chase of three-quarters of an acre of land, at the rate of £24 per acre ; viz., half an acre and twenty-two and a half rods from the heirs of Deacon How, and seventeen and a half rods from Col. Joseph Yose. The How lot is directly in the rear of the Foye lot, extend¬ ing back nine rods to the present southerly bounds of the Old Cemetery, and includes also a strip of land ten feet wide on the westerly side of the burying-ground, “ to be reserved for a lane,” — which lane is now the central avenue. The Vose lot is a strip of land about a rod wide on the east¬ erly side of the Foye and How lots, which was reserved for and is now occupied by tombs. THIRD ENLARGEMENT. April 21, 1887. Francis Amory, Esq., “in consideration of one dollar and divers other good causes,” conveyed to the town of Milton, for the purpose of enlarging the “ graveyard ”. of said town, a lot of land adjoining the same, containing by estimation one acre and one quarter. This embraces that tract lying between the central avenue and the wall, recently re¬ moved. FOURTH ENLARGEMENT. Dec. 11, 1854. The town purchased of Charles Breck and Thomas Hollis, Jr., eighteen acres and one hundred and six¬ teen rods of land, for the sum of $1,804. This tract lies in the rear and on the westerly side of the Old Cemetery, embrac¬ ing all of the “ burying place fild,” and extending through the swamp and over the opposite hill. This new lot, being long and narrow, and reaching an inconvenient distance from the main entrance, required an additional avenue to the highway; hence the 470 HISTORY OF MILTON. FIFTH ENLARGEMENT. April 21, 1858. Joseph McKean Churchill, Esq., “in con¬ sideration of the sum of one hundred and twenty-five dollars, and from love and affection for my native town and the inhabi¬ tants thereof, in order to furnish a convenient access to the New Cemetery lately purchased and laid out by said town,” conveyed to the town a lot of land on the easterly side of Gun-Hill road, containing one acre, and opening the southern part of the Cemetery to Gun-Hill road. SIXTH ENLARGEMENT. For the purpose of straightening the wall on the easterly side of the Cemetery , and bringing the wall of the New Cemetery in line with that of the Old Cemetery, C. M. S. Churchill, Esq., “ from regard to his native town and in consideration of one dollar,” conveyed to the town the necessary amount of land, by deed, Feb. 10, 1870. SEVENTH ENLARGEMENT. At the March meeting, 1874, the trustees were authorized to purchase twelve acres of land lying on the easterly side of the Cemetery and extending from Centre street to the rear line of the grounds. The purchase was made at once; the new grounds were en¬ closed and connected by avenues and paths with the old, and made ready for use. The whole amount of land now embraced in the Cemetery is as follows: — By survey of Thomas Crehore, 1794, 1 acre, 2 quarters, 18 rods. Amory grant, 1837, 1 acre, 1 quarter. Town purchase, 1854, 18 acres, 2 quarters, 36 rods. J. M. Churchill grant, 1858, 1 acre. C. M. S. Churchill grant, 1870, 8 rods. Town purchase, 1874, 12 acres. Total, 34 acres, 2 quarters, 20 rods. Here follow a few cases of the action of the fathers for the protection and care of the burial-place: — 1689. At the Selectmen Meeting on the 9 th day of December 1689, we agreed with Enoch Badcock to procure bords and nails, and to fence in our burying place, he using the posts allready brought to place for the same use, he being to procure and do as above sd. at mony price, and we do MILTON CEMETERY. 471 Ingage to pay him the said Badcock in Oates at twelve pence pr bushill, Indian Corn at tow Shillings pr bushill, ry if any, at tow Shillings pr bushill, it is to be understood that the sd. Badcock is to be paid for his stuf as soon as it is brought to the place, before he sit it up. — Town Records, Vol. i., page 104. 1697-8. At a Town meeting held March 25, 1697-8, Edward Yose, Samuel Miller and John Fenno Jun r were chosen a Committy to agree with and to procure two sides of the burying place fenced with a good sufficient Stone wall of four feet and a half hye, and to fence the other two sides for the present with the ould posts and bords already there. — Town Records. 1761. Voted, That Mr. Josiah How improve our Burying Place for the space of five years, by feeding of sheep to subdue the bushes and briers that are therein.”— Town Records, Yol. ii., page 286. THE PATRIOT SOLDIERS’ HONORED GRAVES. “ Non sibi sed Patrice.” 1861 . 1865 . Angier, William R. . Baxter, George O.. . Bent, Josiah, Jr. . . Bronsdon, Amos H. . Bronsdon, Charles . Caswell, Joseph D. . Churchill, Joseph M. Clark, George E. . . Clark, Philip C. . . . Clayton, Thomas . . Clayton, William . . Cowan, Abel A.. . . Cozzens, Samuel W. Cushing, Henry F. . Frye, Samuel G. Gardner, William R. Hall, George W., Jr. Holmes, C. C. Hopkins, Edward F. Howard, William A. Howe, George W. . Hunt, Charles C. . . Hunt, Elijah . . . . Hunt, Isaiah . . . . Hunt, Samuel, Jr. . . Jackson, Albert. . . Long, George . . . Martin, Albert T. B. Morton, Joseph W. . Myers, Nathaniel T. Hye, Hiram T. . . . Packard, Albert S. . Captain Musician Private Private Private Corporal Lieut. Private Lieut. Private Private Colonel Captain Captain Private Private Private Private Private Lieut. Private Private Captain Private Private Private Penn. Vols. 1st Mass. Inf. 1st Wis. Cav. 13th Mass. Inf. 38th Mass. Inf. 60th Mass. Inf. 45th Mass. Inf. 20th Mass. Inf. 18th Mass. Inf. 24th Mass. Inf. Ship New Iron' sides, U.S.N. 16th N.Y. Heavy Art. Staff Officer with Gen. Butler. 43d Mass. Inf. Sept. May 3,1863 Nov. 9, 1863 Jan.19,1863 1884 Ship Lafayette, 38th Mass. Inf. Cadets. 7th Mass. Inf. U.S.A. 4th Mass. Cav. 38th Mass. Inf. 42d Mass. Inf. 35th Mass. Inf. 40th Mass. Inf. 38th Mass. Inf. 2d Mass. Batt’y 38th Mass. Inf. 4th Mass. Cav. 1st Mass. Cav. 38th Mass. Inf. 7th Mass. Inf. Milton Chancellorsville, Va. Kenosha, Wis. Pratt’s Landing, Va. Milton Marshfield Milton Sept.21,1862 July 14,1864 Feb. 21,1886 Apr.20, 1885 May 1,1865 July 16,1885 Place of Death. Hyde Park Alexandria, Va. Cumberland, Ky. Washington, D.C. Milton Frederick Hospital Milton Milton Nov.20,1870 Dorchester Nov.27,1878 Milton Apr. 6, 1868 New Hampshire Dec. 17,1862'Washington, D.C. May, 18651 Maryland 1865IBoston 1870 Milton 1863 Port Hudson, La. 1864 Milton 1863 Hilton Head, S.C. 1878 Boston May, Feb. June, Dec., Cause of Death. Disease. Killed in action. Disease. Disease. Disease. Disease. Disease. R.R. ac¬ cident. Disease. Disease. Disease. Disease. Wounds Disease. Accident Disease. Disease. Wounds Disease. Disease. Disease. Wounds Disease. Disease. Disease. Disease. 472 HISTORY OF MILTON. The Patriot Soldiers’ Honored Graves. — Continued. Name. Perkins, Stephen G. Lieut. Reed, J. Sewall. . . Captain Rice, Daniel G-.. . . Private Roberts, William H. Shedd, William H. . Snow, J. Henry . . . Thacher, George . . Thayer, Frederick A. Tucker, Walter R. . Vose, George Ellis . Private Private Lieut. Private Private Private Ward, Charles W. Private Watson, Edgar . . . Private Weston, George T. . Private Wetherbee,Horace 3S\ Private White, John Philips Payson. Surgeon Co! Regiment. Date of Death. Place of Death. 2d Mass. Inf. Aug. 9,1862 Cedar Mountain 2d Mass. Cav. Feb. 22,1864 Drainsville, Ya. K 45th Mass. Inf. 1879 • ! 1st Mass. Heavy Art. Mar. 13,1883 Milton A 18th Mass. Inf. Jan., 1883 Boston B 45th Mass. Inf 6th Mass. Inf. Sept., 1864 Fort Delaware, Md. *e‘ 7th Mass. Inf. 1865 G 5th Mass. Cav. Oct., 1863 I 38th Mass. Inf. Jan., 1863 Milton cj 2d Mass. Heavy Art. L 4th Mass. Cav. 1887 D 22d Mass. Inf. g! 4th Mass. Gj Heavy Art. lOthN.Y.Vols. Hew York Cause of Death. Killed in action. Killed in action. Disease. Disease. Disease. Disease. Disease Disease Disease. LOTS "UNDER THE PEEPETUAL CAEE OF THE TOWN. Clapp, J. J. . Money Deposited. $800 Location. Oak Avenue. Durell, H. G. . 150 Old Cemetery. Durell, J. 150 Pine Avenue. Frost, W. R. . 150 Pansy Avenue. Gulliver, I. C. 150 Old Cemetery. Hobart, C. 150 Elm Avenue. Hollingsworth, A. . 300 Jasmine Path. Hollingsworth, J. . 300 Jasmine Path. Kidder, C. A. . 300 Ivy Path. Kidder, H. P. . 300 Ivy Path. Littlefield, S. . 200 Old Cemetery. Peabody, 0. W. 300 Ivy Path. Rimmer, C. 150 Pine Avenue. Ruggles, J. 300 Old Cemetery. Semple, J. 200 Myrtle Path. Sneden, M. 150 Old Cemetery. Sumner, J. 300 Willow Avenue. Taylor, C. 300 Old Cemetery. Tucker, E. 200 Pine Avenue. Vose, Josiah H. 350 Old Cemetery. Thistle Avenue. Wild, B. S. . 50 POEM OF OBLIGATION FOE PEEPETUAL CAEE. 3Btnoin all men tfiese presents. That whereas, under and by virtue of the provisions of chapter two hundred and twenty-five of the acts and re¬ solves passed by the General Court of Massachusetts, in the year eighteen hundred and seventy. MILTON CEMETERY. 473 proprietor of lot No.in the Public Cemetery of the Town of Mil- ton, ha paid to the Trustees of said Cemetery, to be deposited in the Treas¬ ury of said town, the sum of..dollars, for the purposes mentioned in said act. Now, therefore, in consideration of said sum of. dollars, the receipt whereof is hereby acknowledged, the said Town of Milton covenants and agrees with the said. as follows: — That the Treasurer of said Town shall annually pay over to the Trustees of said Cemetery for the time being, a sum of money equivalent to six per cent, of said sum. That the Trustees shall cause the sum which shall annually be paid to them by the Town Treasurer, as aforesaid, to be expended in the care and keeping of said lot; and shall forever cause the grass which shall grow upon said lot to be cut and removed therefrom, at such times and in such manner as they shall deem most expedient for the interest of said Ceme¬ tery. Provided, nevertheless, that the Town of Milton, by a vote of the Trus¬ tees of said Cemetery, may at any time annul and cancel this agreement by paying to the said...or. ., heirs, representatives, or assigns, the aforesaid sum of. .:.dollars. In witness whereof, the said Trustees, in behalf of said Town, have caused these presents to be signed and sealed by the Chairman of said Trustees, thereunto duly authorized, this.day of ....in the year eighteen hundred and. . Chairman. .. 18 page. . Town Clerk. A second form of obligation is like the above, with the ad¬ dition of the following clause : — Also shall keep the borders of the said lot planted with flowers during the season for such planting. A third form embraces the others, with the following addi¬ tional clause : — And shall forever keep said lot and the structures herein described, viz., .[but no others], in good repair and pres¬ ervation. BY-LAWS OF MILTON CEMETERY. Enacted March, 1887. I. The sole care, superintendence, and management of the Cemetery shall be intrusted to a board of five trustees, to serve for Ihe period of five years ; one of said board shall retire and a new member be elected at each annual March meeting of the town. Signed, sealed and delivered in presence of Milton, Received and recorded at this office in Book. 474 HISTORY OF MILTON. II. Citizens of Milton who are heads of families shall be entitled to lots in the Cemetery free of expense, allowing one lot to a family, subject to the regulations adopted by the town. III. The trustees, when in their judgment it shall be deemed advisable, may sell lots at the rate of fifty cents a square foot, hut only to those who are in some way connected with Milton people. IV. The proprietor of each lot shall cause to be erected, at his own expense, corner-stones, and a step with his name and the number of the lot inscribed on the same, and shall cause his lot to be kept in proper order; and if the proprietor shall omit, for thirty days after notice, to erect such land-marks and to keep the lot in order, the trustees shall have authority to have the same done at the expense of said proprietor. V. No lot shall be used for any other purpose than as a place of burial for the dead; and no proprietor shall suffer the remains of any person to be deposited within the bounds of his lot for hire; nor shall any proprietor sell or transfer the whole or any part of his lot without the consent of the trustees. VI. If, in the judgment of the trustees, any trees or shrubs in any lot shall become deti'imental to the adjacent lot or avenues, or dangerous or inconvenient, it shall be the duty of said trustees for the time being to enter upon said lot and to remove said trees and shrubs, or such parts thereof as are thus detrimental, dangerous, or inconvenient. VII. There shall be no structure nor inscription placed in, upon, nor around any lot, which the trustees for the time being shall deem offensive or improper, and it shall be the duty of the trustees to remove all offensive or improper objects. VIII. The trustees for the time being shall have authority to purchase any tomb in Milton Cemetery offered for sale, paying for the same such sums as, in their judgment, may be fair and reasonable. They shall also be authorized to give for any tomb, a lot, to be constructed on the land occupied by the tomb, or to be selected at some other point in the Cemetery grounds, as they may agree with the proprietor of the same. Should there be no living proprietors or legal representatives of a tomb, the trustees may take possession of such tomb, carefully removeits contents to a lot pre¬ pared for the pui’pose, and erect over the remains a suitable memorial stone. IX. The following regulations shall be posted within the Cemetery : — 1. All persons are prohibited from driving upon the borders. 2. No horse can be left upon the grounds without a keeper, unless fastened to posts provided for the purpose. 3. All persons are prohibited from discharging fire-arms within the grounds of the Cemetery, except in case of military funerals. 4. All persons are prohibited from writing upon, or otherwise defacing any sign, monument, fence, or other structure. 5. All persons are prohibited from gathering flowers or breaking any tree, plant, or shrub. 6. Dogs are not allowed within the Cemetery grounds. BENEFACTORS OF MILTON CEMETERY. In the year 1760 Madam Elizabeth Foye conveyed to the town, by deed of gift, “ half an acre and six rods of land to en¬ large the burying-ground.” April 21,1837,Francis Amory, Esq., “in consideration of one dollar, and divers other good reasons,” conveyed to the town of MILTON CEMETERY. 475 Milton, for the purpose of enlarging the graveyard of said town, a lot of land adjoining the same containing, by estimation, one acre and a quarter. At the same time Mr. Amory made a donation to the town of $500, the income of which to be an¬ nually expended in the care of the graveyard. In connection with these gifts of Mr. Amory two citizens of Boston, proprietors of tombs in the Cemetery, Mr. Daniel L. Gibbons, the son of John Gibbons, a former resident of Milton, and Hon. Elijah Yose, son of Col. Elijah Vose, late of Milton, undertook the improvement of the grounds, which had long suf¬ fered from neglect. They increased their own liberal subscrip¬ tions for this purpose by various sums secured from other non-residents, and, besides much other work, set all the large elm, evergreen, and other trees now shading the grounds of the Old Cemetery. They also set the lines of elms along the south and west sides of the Cemetery, outside of the grounds, as 476 HISTORY OF MILTON. they then were, on land of Mr. Amory, who, in his deed of gift to the town, embodied the right to plant such trees, and to enter upon the land from time to time to cultivate and reset the same. This right proved in the end of no small advantage to the town. Mr. Churchill gave the same right on the east side. In 1854, or thereabouts, Thomas Hollis, Jr., and Charles Breck were appointed by the town to take into consideration the en¬ largement of the burial-place, and to report. The land abutting the Cemetery on the south and west belonged to the estate of Francis Amory; at this time Joseph Sias was negotiating for the purchase of the same, and had closed an agreement subject to good title ; but finding the right of the town to enter upon said land for the cultivation and resetting of said trees, he re¬ linquished the bargain. Thereupon Messrs. Hollis and Breck, without waiting for the action of the town, purchased the whole tract, and subsequently conveyed the larger portion of it to the town at the price of their purchase. This tract of eighteen acres embraces that land, from the earliest times, known as “ Burying-place fild,” which, it may not be fanciful to suggest, may have taken its name from the burial of the Indian Sachem Nanepashemet, referred to in the chapter on “Aboriginal In¬ habitants — Not far from this place in a bottom, they came upon a palisadoed fort, within which was a house wherein being dead he lay buried. The action of the non-residents awakened a deeper interest in the care of the Cemetery, but no very marked change was ap¬ parent until 1865, when, under the guidance of the Rev. Francis Cunningham, the work of improving and embellishing the Cemetery grounds received an impulse which has never been lost. More recent benefactions to Milton Cemetery are as follows: Miss Sarah Yose bequeathed $1,000 for the care of two lots and for other purposes. Mr. E. G. Tucker left by will a legacy of $1,000 for the special benefit of the Old Cemetery. TOMBS. There are sixty-four tombs in the Cemetery. The original proprietors of the tombs are known; but, with all the time and pains that could be given to this matter, it only has been possi¬ ble to secure an accurate list of the persons deposited in twenty- five of these tombs; hence the whole record is omitted, except that of the Ministerial Tomb. Several of the tombs have been given up, and the remains have been buried in lots furnished by the town. Many proprietors of tombs, not satisfied with this form of burial, are contemplating like action. MILTON CEMETERY. 477 MINISTERIAL TOMB. “ Erected 1729. To be, abide, and remain forever to be a Ministerial Tomb.” Here ly the remains of M rs Susanna Thacher [second wife of Rev. Peter Thacher], who died Sept. 4 th , 1724 Mt. 59 years. Rev. Peter, first Pastor of the Church in Milton, who died Uec r 17 th , 1727, in the 77 th year of his age, and the 47 th of his Pastorate. M rs Elizabeth Taylor, wife of the Rev. John Taylor, who died April 17 th , 1735, iEt. 27 years. Rev. John Taylor, who died Jan. 26 th , 1750, in the 46 th year of his age. Edward Sherburn Taylor, aged 14 days, 1750. Samuel Gile, Jr., died Oct. 5, 1827, aged 18 years. Samuel Gile, D.D., died Oct. 16, 1836, aged 56 years. Mary H. Gile, wife of Samuel Gile, D.D., died June 25, 1862, aged 83 years. Samuel W. Cozzens, D.D., died Aug. 7, 1875, aged 75 years. NOTED GRAVES. While it would be an unnecessary work to gather up and enter here the names of the many illustrious men who have been buried in Milton Cemetery, — divines, statesmen, scholars, and military heroes, — and to designate the exact locality where they lie, it may be expedient to do this in the case of two noted persons who have died in the last decade, and whose graves are often sought for, — the artist, Dr. William Rimmer, and the orator, Wendell Phillips. Entering the Cemetery on Centre street at the westerly gate, and passing along Willow avenue down the hill, through the valley of the pond to Oak avenue, the second on the right; then up this avenue, on the first left-hand point formed by Pine avenue and Lilac path will be found the grave of Dr. Rimmer, lot No. 294. Thence passing up Hemlock avenue to Laurel path, the first on the left, and a short distance up Laurel path on the left side is the grave of Wendell Phillips, lot No. 349. In order to rescue from oblivion the ancient epitaphs on the memorial stones of our fathers now marking the graves within the Cemetery, we here publish a record of the inscriptions on all tablets prior to and inclusive of A.D. 1800. 478 HISTORY OF MILTON. RECORD OF ANCIENT INSCRIPTIONS ON ALL TABLETS IN MILTON CEMETERY PRIOR TO AND INCLUDING A.D. 1800. A.D. 1687 .A.D. 1800. Erected in memory of M r Seth Adams, who departed this life O ct y e 12 th , 1782, aged 41 years. Stop, my friend, and think on me, I once was in this world like thee, Now I lie mouldering in the dust, In hopes to rise amongst the just. Here lies buried the body of Seth Adams, Bat r Art", son of M r Edward and M r8 Rachel Adams. He died June the 26 th , 1736, in the 23 d year of his age. Here lies buried the body of M rs Rachel Adams, wife to M 1 Edward Adams, who died Noy. the 14 th , 1727, in the 42 d year of her age. Here rests our Friend M r John Adams, who departed this life June y e 11 th , 1790, aged 81 years. As corn maturely ripe is gathered home, So his remains are brought into the tomb, To sleep in silence till tbat glorious day, When Christ his light shall roll the stone away. Here lies buried the body of M r Edward Adams, who died Sep* the 22 nd , 1743, in the 61 st year of his age. In memory of Sarah Adams, dau r of M r John Adams .& Sarah his wife, who died Jan. 28 th , 1766, aged 13 years & 10 mos. In memory of Seth Adams, son of M r Lemuel Adams and M rs Hannah Adams, who died Jan. 20 th , 1796, aged 11 years. In memory of Lemuel Adams, son of M r Lemuel Adams & M rs Hannah Adams, who died Jan. 25 th , 1796, aged 13 years. In memory of M rs Sarah Adams, late Consort of M r John Adams, who died Noy. 16 th , 1774, aged 63 years. Death is a debt to nature due, As she has paid it so must you. In life then strive to get prepared, To fly with her to meet the Lord. Here lyes y° body of Eliphalet Adams, son of M r . John & M rs Sarah Adams. He died Feb. 5 th , 1747, in y e 5 th year of his age. John, son of M r . John and M tB Sarah Adams, aged 20 months and 10 d s , Dec a August y° 28 th , 1735. In memory of 2 Children of M r . Nathaniel & M rs Lucy Arnold, viz.: Nathan, died Jan. 1 st , 1792, in y e 6 th year of his age. Betsy P., died May 3 d , in y° 3 d year of her age. MILTON CEMETERY. 479 Here lie two children of M r Nathan and M rs Lucy Arnold : John, died Dec. 31, 1795, aged 8 years 9 months. Betsey, died Dec. 15, 1794, aged 6 months. Here lies buried the body of M r John Badcock, Jun r , died April 10 th , 1767, aged 24 years. In Memory of M r Nathan Badcock, who died Jan. 29 th , 1777, in the 60 th year of his age. Here lies the remains of M rs Susanna Badcock, the late amiable Con¬ sort of M r Nathan Badcock, who died Aug. 7 th , 1774, aged 55 years. In faith she died, in dust she lies, But faith foresees that dust shall rise, When Jesus calls, while hope assumes And breaks her joy among the tombs. Here lyes buried y 8 body of M r William Badcock, who departed this life M°h 18 th , 1772, aged 54 years & 4 days. Beneath this stone death’s prisoner lies, The stone shall move, Death’s prisoner rise, When Jesus with almighty word Calls his dead saints to meet their God. Sacred to the memory of M rs Bathsheba Badcock, dau r of M r William & M rs Hannah Badcock, who died April 28 th 1792, set. 31 years. When this vain life of care and trouble’s o’er, We die to live, and live to die no more. Here lies y e body of Nathaniel Badcock, Juner, aged 34 years; died January y 8 22 d , 1718-9. Here lies buried the body of M r George Badcock, dec* M ch 8 th , 1734, in y 8 46 year of his age. In memory of M ra Mary Bates, widow of M r William Bates, of Wey¬ mouth, who died Dec. 30 th , 1799, aged 87 years. The sweet remembrance of the just Shall flourish when they sleep in dust. Vive Mori. Erected in memory of M r Samuel Bent, who died Dec. 14 th , 1797, aged 26 years. Early I left my earthly home of clay, Which rests in silence till that great day, When Christ shall call his children to the skies, Then hope in glory with the saints to rise. B. Adams, Sculptor. In memory of Martha Bent, who died Dec. 4, 1766, in the 66 th year of her age. Here lies y e body of Rachel Bent, wife to Joseph Bent; died July y e 5 th , 1775, in y 8 52 d year of her age. Here lies y 8 body of Joseph Bent, aged 52 years; died M°h 31 rt , 1728. 480 HISTORY OF MILTON. In memory of M r Eben Bent, who died Sep. 10 th , 1796, aged 59 years. This bed, thy dust shall keep in peace. In memory of M rs Melanda Bent, widow of Capt. Lemuel Bent, who died Oct. 20 th , 1796, aged 67 years, 5 months. In memory of Nathaniel Bicknell, son of M r Nathaniel Bicknell and M r3 Elizab th his Avife. He died July y e 27, 1775, in y 8 20 th year of his age. In youth, in time of health, my young friends, prepare for death. Here lies buried the body of M r Ebenezer Billings, who died Sep. 16, 1766, aged 47 years. In patience and meekness few did him excell, Faithful in Milton, where he did dwell; Reason we have, and fully trust, That his soul is among the just. Here lies buried y e body of M r Joseph Billings, who departed this life July y e 18 th , 1765, in y e 84 year of his age. M rs Maria Billings, wife of M r Ebenez r Billings, who died December 19, 1785, in y e 40 th year of her age. Marian Billings, daug. of M r Moses & M rs Marian Billings, died M c h 19*', 1732, aged 7 months. In memory of M rs Ruhanah Billings, wife of M r Joseph Billings. She died Feb. 2 d , 1740, aged 54 years, Here lies her rest in peaceful dust, Till God in glory raise the just. In memory of M r Amariah Blake, who died May y e 19 th , 1792, in y 8 60 th year of his age. Dear partner of my mortal cares, I bid you all adieu, I hope to meet above the Skyes You and your children too. In memory of M rs Susanna Blake, Consort of M r Enos Blake, who died Aug. 16 th , 1776, in the 29 th year of her age. Here lyes buried y e body of M r William Blake, who died Oct. y 8 15 th , 1736, in y e 41 st year of his age. In memory of M IS Bathsheba Blake, the wife of M r Ziba Blake, who died Oct. 6 th , 1778, aged 51 years. I once did stand as thou dost now, To view the dead as thou dost me, But soon you’ll lie as low as I, While others stand and gaze at thee. In memory of two children, only sons of M r Enos & M rs Rachel Blake, viz.: Lemuel, died Oct. 2 nd , 1792, in the 14 year of his age ; MILTON CEMETERY. 481 Stephen, died Oct. 7 th , 1792, in the 7 th year of his age. Thus are those flowers wither’d in their bloom, By death’s cold hand brought early to the tomb; But mark the goodness of the pow’rs above, It can’t withhold them from redeeming love. They’re safely landed on the peaceful shore Where sin, disease & death are known no more. Ziba Blake, son of M r Ziba and M' s Susanna Blake, died Aug. 24 th , 1793, aged 13 mos. & 16 days. Tho’ young, yet not too young to die, Prepare for death immediately. Make sure of Christ while life remains, And death will be eternal gain. Here lies buried the body of M' a Elizabeth Bodwick, who departed Nov. 22\ 1758, in the 60 th year of her age. Here lies buried y e body of M r William Bodwick, Dec 4 Oct. y e 15 th , 1752, in y e 55 year of his age. Here lies buried the body of M r Alex' Boies, who departed this life the 29 th of Oct. 1773, aged 36 years. In memory of M' James Boies, who died the 11 th day of July, 1798, aged 96. This stone fixed here to hold in remembrance the place where the re¬ mains of M'. James Nelson Boies are deposited, who died on the 2 d day of July, 1782, anno setatis 21 st . Here lies buried y e body of M' a Elizabeth Boys, wife to M' Jeams Boys, daughter of M r Jeremiah Smith, who departed this life Nov. y e 20 lh 1763, aged 32 years. In memory of M r Josiah Brown. He died December y e 31 st , 1775, in y e 35 year of his age. Here’s interred Clarissa, daughter of M' John & Polly Bussy; died April 19 th , 1796, aet. 19 months. Elizabeth Clap died Dec' y e 20 th , 1701, aged 37 years. Here lyes buried y e body of Deac n Nehemiah Clap, who deceased July y° 18 th , 1743, in y e 54 year of his age. Here lies buried y e body of Ensign Ebenezer Clap, died July 30 th , 1712, in y' 69 year of his age. George Clark, son of M' George & M' s Lydia Clark, Dorchester, died M oh 21, 1770, aged 1 year. Seth Clark son of M' George & M” Lydia Clark, Dorchester, died Jan. 13 th , 1771, aged 5 weeks. 482 HISTORY OF MILTON. In memory of M' 3 Lydia Clark, wife of M r George Clark, of Dorchester. She died M ch y e 1 st , 1776, aged 31 years. In the book of life divine, My God inscribe my name, There let it fill some humble place, Beneath the slaughtered Lamb. Here lies the body of M r Thomas Cradock and Brasilia his wife and their daughter Ann, the wife of M r Thomas Edwards, who departed this life November 2 a , 1752, aged 24 years. Fare well forever then to all that’s gay! You will forget to sing and I to pray, No more with cheerful songs in cooling bowers, Shall we consume the pleasurable hours. All joys are banished, all delights are fled, Ne’er to return, for A**’s dead. Here lies buried y e body of M r Benjamin Crane, who departed this life June y e 24, 1771, in the 79 year of his age. In memory of Rebecca Belcher Crane, daug. of M r Jeremiah & M rs Rebecca Crane, who died Oct. 3 d , 1792, in the 8 th year of her age. Here lies two children, sons of M r Jeremiah & M rs Rebecca Crane : Charles, died Sept, the 23 d , 1792, in the 6 th year of his age; Jeremiah, died Oct. 14, 1792, in the 2 year of his age. Here lies the body of M' 3 Abigail Crane, the wife of M r Benjamin Crane. She died June 4 th , 1755, in y e 57 th year of her age. In memory of M rs Abigail Crane, wife of M r Henry Crane, who died Sep. 2 d , 1795, aged 58 years. Could grateful love recall the fleeting breath, Or fond affection soothe relentless death, Then had this stone ne’er claimed a social tear, Nor read to thoughtless man a lesson here. In memory of M r William Crane, who died Nov. 10,1785, in y e 41 st year of his age. Isac Crane, son of M' Isac & M rs Pontas Crane, died Oct. 3 d , 1727. iEtat 3 years. Also Enos Crane died Sep. 8 th 1805, age 20 months. Within the old, original grounds is situated the Crehore Lot, in which are tablets bearing ancient inscriptions, as follows: — In memory of M rs Ann Crehore, wife of M r William Crehore, who died M oh 25 th , 1797, M. 70. In memory of M r Jsaiah Crehore, who died Nov. 3 d , 1770, aged 77 years. M rs Lydia Crehore, wife of M r William Crehore, died Decern' 6 th , 1785, in the 26 th year of her age. MILTON CEMETERY. 483 Here lie the remains of Capt. John Crehore, who departed this life Feb. 2 d , Anno Dom. 1775, aged 64 years. Here lies the body of Timothy Crehore, who died Aug. 15 th , 1739, in y e 73 d year of his age. Here lyes y e body of M ra Ruth Crehore, she died June 27 th , 1750, in y° 82 d year of her age. Here lies the remains of Dea n Timothy Crehore, who departed this life Dec. 26, Anno Dom. 1755, in y e 67 th year of his age. Here lies y e body of Hannah Crehore, daughter of Deacon Timothy Cre¬ hore & M rs Mary his wife, died Jan 11 th , 1735, in y e 21 st year of her age. Interred in this vicinity are the descendants of Teague Crehore, who settled in Milton about the year 1645. Here lies y e body of Mary Crehore daug T of Capt. John & M rs Mehita- ble Crehore, died O ct . 22 nd , 1748, in y e 21 st year of her age. Ambrose Davenport, son of M r Adam & M rs Mary Davenport, died Sept. 14 th , 1787, aged 3 years and 3 months. Life is uncertain, death is sure, Sin’s the wound and Christ the cure. In memory of M rs Elizabeth wife of M r Lemuel Davis, who died M°h 28 th , 1795, in y e 42 d year of her age. In memory of two children of M r Lemuel and M rs Elizabeth Davis, viz.: Sally Tucker died Dec. 18, 1794, aged 5 months; Charlotte died M c h 22 d , 1795, aged 3 years. Here lies buried the body of M r John Dickerman, who died 14 th of August, 1729, in y' 64“* year of his age. Here lies y e body of Mary Fenno, dau T to Benj n & Mary Fenno, aged 22 years and 27 days. Dec 4 April y e 16 th , 1725. Erected in memory of M r Enoch Fenno, who died Sept. 19, 1796, aged 41 years. Adieu, bright soul, a short farewell! Till we shall meet in realms above, In pleasant groves where pleasures dwell And trees of life bear fruits of love. Here lies interred the remains of M r Joseph Fenno, who departed this life Jan. y e 19 th , 1767, aged 32 years. In the cold mansions of the silent tomb, How still the solitude, how deep the gloom, Here sleeps the dust unconscious, close confined, But far, far distant dwells the immortal mind. Here lies y e body of M r Robert Field, who died Jan. y e 22 d , 1759, in y e 74 year of his age. 484 HISTORY OF MILTON. Here lies buried y® body of Robert Field, died September 2 d , 1719, in y e 67 year of his age. Here lies y® body of M r Ebenezer Field, who died Dec r y® 16 th , 1748, in y® 32 d year of his age. Here lies y® body of Mary Field, wife of Robert Field, died April y® 2 d , 1799, in y e 60 year of her age. Here lies buried y® body of Anna Field, y e wife of M r Robert Field, she departed this life y® 13 of November, 1728, in y e 44 th year of her age. Mehetebel Field, y® daughter of Robert & Anna Field, aged 3 days, died 21 st of Sep. 1719. Here lies buried the body of M” Hannah Fuller, wife* of M r Benjamin Fuller, aged 30 years, died l)ec r y® IS®, 1746. Here lyes interred the remains of M rs Abigail Glover, the Consort of M r Elijah Glover, the daughter of M r Samuel & M ra Mary Kinsley. She died Feb. 8 th , 1760, aged 84 years. Hei'e lies buried the body of M r Samuel Glover, who died Aug. 2 d , 1761, in the 60 th year of his age. Here lies buried the body of M r Elijah Glover, son of M r Thomas & Elizabeth Glover of Dorchester, who departed this life July y e 1 st , 1770, in ye 45 th y ear 0 f his age. Stop here, my friend, and cast an eye, As you are now, so once was I, As I am now so must you be, Prepare for death and follow me. Sacred to the memory of M r Elisha Gulliver, son of Deacon Cornelius and M rs Ann Gulliver, who died Oct. 31, 1799, aged 23 years. “ Jesus said, I am the resurrection and the life: he that believetli on me, though he were dead, yet shall he live.” Here lies the body of M re Hannah Gulliver, widow of M r Nathaniel Gulliver, she died June 1 st , 1760, aged 80 years and 4 months. Here lies the body of M r Stephen Gulliver, who departed this life the ninth day of May, 1771, in the 40 th year of his age. A soul prepared meets no delays. The summons comes, y e man obeys, Swift was his flight, and short the road, He closed his eyes and saw his God. The flesh rests here, till Jesus come And calls the body to his home. Here lyes y e body of Mary Gulliver, wife to Jonathan Gulliver, aged 34 years, & 8 months & 5 days, died February y® 16, 170| Here lyes y® body of M 1 Nathaniel Gulliver, who died March 25 th , 1743, in y® 68 th year of his age. MILTON CEMETERY. 485 Here lies buried y e body of Anthony Gulliwer, aged 87 years, died Nov. y e 28 th , 1706. Here lyes y e body of M rs Hannah Gulliver, widow of M r Nathaniel Gul¬ liver, she died June l !t , 1760, aged 80 years & 4 months. Erected in memory of Sarah Gulliver, wife of Jn°. Gulliver, who died Oct. y° 1 st , 1799, aged 64. Here lies bui’ied y e body of M r Caleb Hearsey, died Feb. 29, 1755, in the 57 year of his age. Here lies the body of John Hearsey, w'ho died Dec. 1 st , 1725, in the 66 th year of his age. Here lies the body of M rs Hannah Hearsey, wife to M 1 Caleb Hearsey, died April 4 th , 1742, in the 40 th year of her age. Dan 1 Hensher, son of Samuel & Waitstill Hensher, died Oct. y® 25 th , 1719, in y e 8 year of his age. Here lyes y e body of M r Daniel Hanshaw, who died August y e 25 th , 1732, in y e 90 th year of his age. Here lyes y e body of M rB Waitstill Hanshaw, wife of M' Samuel Han¬ shaw, she died May y e 17 th , 1737, in y e 53 year of her age: Here lyes y e body of Mary Hensher, wife to Daniel Hensher, died November y e 19 th , 1719, in y e 83 year of her age. Abigail Holman, wife to Thomas Holman, aged 57 years, died March y e 1 st , 170f. Here lies y e body of Patience Holman, aged 42 years, Dec June 29, 1713. Memento Fugit Mori , Bora Here lies y e body of M r Thomas Holman, aged 63 years died August y* 4 th , 1704. Ffnno Houghton, son of M r Elijah & M rS Mary Houghton, died Jan. 20, 1773, aged 1 year. Here lyes buried the body of M rs Ruth Houghton, the wife of M r Joseph Houghton, who departed this life May y e 23 d , 1792, in the 50 th year of her age. Here lies interred the mortal parts of Deacon Nathaniel Houghton, who died M c h y e 13 th , 1732, aged 76 years. Cease tears, y e body of a friend Ye to y e grave do Only lend, A common lot, here Christ has been, Triumphant over death & sin. He has awoke, so shall the just, And gather up their crumbs of dust. Comfort, O friend, the gospel cries, Seed that is quickened always dies. 486 HISTORY OF MILTON. Here lyes buried y e body of M rs Ann Houghton, wife of M r Joseph Houghton and daughter of M r John & M rs Ann Williams, who died July 14 th , 1773, in y e 22 d year of her age. Here lies buried the body of M rs Deborah Houghton, y e wife of Dea. Nathaniel Houghton, who departed this life Feb. the 27 th , 1772, in y e 70 year of her age. In memory of M rs Sarah, the wife of M r Isac Howe, but lately the wife of M r Lazarus Baker, she died Sep. y e 11 th , 1755, in y e 61 st year of her age. Erected in memory of M rs Sarah Howe, Relict of Dea. Josiah Howe, who died Nov. 18, 1797, M 81. Tired with the troubles & the cares A Jong train of four-score years, The prisoner smiled to be released, She felt her fetters loosed and mounted to her rest. Here lies the body of M r Isac How, who died Sept. y c 7 th , 1769, in y e 55 year of his age. An instance of sudden death in the midst of useful life. “ Dangers staud thick through all the ground, To push us to the tomb, And fierce diseases march around, To hurry mortals home. But I’ll repine at death no more, I’ll cheerfully resign To the cold dungeon of the grave These dying limbs of mine, Since God and my Redeemer lives, Who often from the skies Looks down and watches all my dust, Till he shall bid it rise.” Erected to the memory of Deacon Josiah How, who departed this life Oct. 3 d , 1792, in the 74 th year of his age. Here stands his urn, He’ll ne’er return, He’s gone to Christ above, His body’s dead, His spirit’s fled, His song’s redeeming love. Isac How, y° son of M r Josiah & M rs Sarah How. He died June 18 ht . 1752, in y e 3 d year of his age. Josiah How, y e son of M r Josiah & M rs Sarah How. lie died June 19 th , 1752, in y e 6 th year of his age. John How, son of M 1 Josiah & M rs Sarah How, died Jan y 22 a , 1755, in y e 3 d year of his age. In memory of Samuel Maynard Humphrey, son of M r Nathaniel & M rs Martha Humphrey, who died Sept. 4 ta , 1791, aged 20 months. In memory of M ra Rhoda Jones, the wife of M r Joseph Jones, who died Oct. 4 th , 1702, aged 55 years. Here lyeth y e body of Elizabeth Jones, daughter to M r Timothy & M rs Elizabeth Jones, died Dec r 4 th , 1740, in y e 21 st year of her age. MILTON CEMETERY. 487 Here lyes y e body of M r David Jones, aged 45 years, died May y e 3 d , 1741. In memory of M r John Keith, who died June 8 th , 1796, aged 21 years. He whom the Lord doth free, The noblest freedom gains, Freedom from vice & misery, And sins of closing chains. Here lies the body of M rs Abigail Kneeland, wife of M r John Kneeland, died May 17,1770, aged 33 years. The sweet remembrance of the just Shall flourish when they sleep in dust. Here lies buried the body of M r John Kinsley, who died Sept. y e 13 th , 1748, in y c 69 th year of his age. Here lyeth the body of Capt. Samuel Kinsley, who departed this life Oct. y e 2 nd , 1755, aged 58 years. In memory of M rB Simeon Lamb of Charlestown, who died of the small pox Sept, the 25 th , in the year 1792, and the 21 st year of her age. Here lyes the body of M rs Hannah Lankester, Relict of M r William Lan- kester, who died April 9 th , 1742, aged 79 years. Erected in memory of Miss Mary Mac Carnney, who died Jan. 4 th , 1791, aged 20 years. Sleep in darkness till that glorious day, When Christ my light shall roll the stone away. In memory of Mary Milton, aged 23 years, died Feb. 8 th , 1701. In memory of M r John Newton, who died Feb. 16, 1774, in the 87 th year of his age. Here lies the body of Jerusha Park, who died Sept. 23 d , 1767, age 17 days. Also the body of Sarah Park, who died Sept. 17 th , 1767, aged 11 days ; children of M r Edward & M rs Jerusha Park. In memory of M rs Ester Pierce, wife of M r Charles Pierce, who died May 10 th , 1787, in y e 23 year of her age. Why mourn you thus, my relict friend & kin ? Lament you, when I lose, not when I win. Here lies buried y e body of Chloe Pierce, daughter of M r William and M rs Unice Pierce, who died June 30 th , 1774, aged 8 weeks. In memory of William Pierce, son of William & M rs Lydia Pierce, who died Dec 1 2 d , 1770, aged 3 years & 3 months. In memory of three daughters of M r William & M rs Unice Pierce, viz. Miss Deliverance Pierce, who died Sept. 5 th , 1792, Mt 38 years. Miss Martha Pierce, who died Feb. 10 th , 1791, JEt 24 years, and Miss Unice Pierce, who died Oct. 10 th , 1788, iEt 17 years. Lovers and Friends, Oh God! By thy resistless frown, The gloomy vale have trod, And to the grave gone down. 488 HISTORY OF MILTON. In memory of Deliverance Pierce, wife of Capt. William Pierce, who died April 28 th , 1748, in y 8 49 th year of her age. In memory of M r William Pierce, who died Feb. 1 st , 1793, aged 65 years. “ Why do ve mourn departed friends, Or shake at death’s alarms, ’Tis but the voice that Jesus sends To call them to his arms.” Here lies buried y 8 body of M rs Elizabeth Pierce, wife of M r William Pierce, who died June 6 th , 1735, in y e 67 th year of her age. Here lies buried y e body of M r William Pierce, who died April 17 th , 1731, in y e 72 d year of his age. Here lies buried the body of M rs Hannah Pitcher, y 8 wife of M r John Pitcher, who departed this life Sept. y e 2 d , 1772, aged about 77 years. Here lies buried the body of Thomas Rawlins, aged 70 years. Departed this life July y e 7 th , 1693. Here lyes buried the body of Abigail Rawlins, aged 72 years, departed this life March y 8 20 th , 1711-12. In memory of Miss Esther Rawson, dauh 4 of David Rawson Esq. & Mrs. Mary his wife, who died of y e small pox Oct. 27 th , 1792, aged 31 years & 6 months. Death a debt to nature due, Which I have paid and so must you. Tn memory of Miss Sally Rea, the daug 4 of M r Jeremiah Rea and M rs Bridget his wife, who died Nov. 11 th , 1792, in the 24 th year of her age. Stop, my friend, and think of me, I once was in the world like thee, Now I lie mouldering in the dust, In hope to rise among the just. In memory of M rs Mary Ruggles, the wife of M r John Ruggles, who died Nov. 23 d , 1773, aged 30 years. A meek and quiet spirit she possessed, And proved the religion she professed. Here lyes the body of M r Thomas Shepard, Dec d Sept, y 8 29 th , 1719, in y« gyth year of his age. Here lyes the body of M 1 Ralph Shepard, Dec d Jany y e 26 th , 172£, in y 8 36 th year of his age. Sacred to the memory of Benjamin Smith, paper maker, son of M r Richard Smith of North Britain in the Shire of Aberdeen. He died May 6 th , 1792, in the 37 year of his age. Could grateful love recall the fleeting breath, Or fond affection soothe relentless death, Then had this stone ne’er claimed a social tear, Nor read to thoughtless man a lesson here. MILTON CEMETERY. 489 Here lies the body of John Stimpson, aged 56 years, Dec' 1 Aug. y e 11 th , 1732. In memory of Katherine Soper, wife of Samuel Soper, who died Feb. 17 th , 1776, in y e 22 d year of her age. In memory of Katherine Soper, daughter of Samuel and Katherine Soper, who died Jany 16 th , 1769, in y e 5 th year of her age. In memory of M rs Elizabeth Sumner, wife of Col. Seth Sumner, who died May 9 th , 1784, in the 48 th year of her age. Life is uncertain, death is sure, Sin’s the wound, Christ the cure. Erected in memory of M r Abijah Sumner, who died Feb. 2 d , 1797, in the 84 th year of his age. In memory of M rs Harriet Sumner, wife of M r Benjamin Sumner, who died 14 th Aug. 1800, aged 28 years. No more, my friend, dont mourn for me, I’m gone into eternity, Make sure of Christ while life remain, And death will be eternal gain. Here lyes y e body of M rs Sarah Sumner, wife of M r Josiah Sumner, she died Dec. y e ll* 6 , 1741, in y e 25 th year of her age. Here lies y e body of Ruth Sumner, daug. of M r Ebenezer & M 1 ' 8 Susanna Sumner, died May 24 th , 1754, in y e 21 st year of her age. Erected in memory of M r David Sumner, who died Nov. 11 th , 1789, in the 72 year of his age. Also his 2 nd wife Mary Sumner, who died Dec. 25, 1821, in the 89 th year of her age. In memory of M r Jazaniah Sumner, who died May 6 th , 1778, aged 66. Also his wife M rs Judith Sumner, who died Nov. 5 th , 1799, aged 68. So sleep the saints and cease to groan, When sin and death have done their worst, Christ has a glory like his own, Which waits to clothe their waking dust. Here lies buried the body of M r Benjamin Sumner, who departed this life May y e 28 th , 1771, in y 8 88 year of his age. Here lyes y e body of Deacon George Sumner, aged 81 years, died y 8 11 th day of December, 1715. Here lyes y e body of Joseph Sumner, son of M r Benjamin & M rs Eliza¬ beth Sumner,"he died May y 3 22 d , 1731, in y e 21 st year of his age. Here lyes y e body of M rs Elizabeth Sumner, wife of M r Benj. Sumner. She died Oct. 3 d , 1735, in y e 50^ year of her age. Here lyes buried y e body of M r George Sumner, he died Dec. 18 th , 1732, in y e 67 th year of his age. 490 HISTORY OF MILTON. Here lyes buried y e body of Mary Sumner, y e widow of Deacon George Sumner, aged 47 years. Dec d y e 1 st of April, 1719. Here lyes buried y e body of Deacon Roger Sumner, aged 66 years, Dec d May ye 26,1698. Here lyes y e body of M rs Susanna Sumner, wife of M r Ebenezer Sumner, she died y e 7 th of July A.D. 1760, in y e 47 th year of her age. In memory ofM rs Susan Sumner, wife of M r Jabez Sumner, who died in child-bed May l Bt , 1793, in the 40 th year of her age; the child died at its birth. Here lyes y e body of M rs Susanna Sumner, y e daughter of M r George Sumner, Jun. dec d . She departed this life May 11, 1752, in y e 21 st year of her age. Here lies buried the body of M r George Sumner, died Aug. 26, 1730, in y e 27 year of his age. In memory of M r Nathaniel Swift, who died May y e 13 th , 1767, in y e 47 year of his age. Here lies interred the remains of M rs Ann Swift, the virtuous consort of Samuel Swift, Esq. She exchanged this life for a better May 19, 1762, in the 82 year of her age. Header, remember thou art born to die, Hark from the grave to youth this is my cry, Withdraw, prepare, think, Act Accordingly. Luke xvi. 31. Here lyes y e body of M rs Elizabeth Swift, wife to M r Thomas Swift, she died Dec. 12, 1756, aged 32 years. Here lyes y e body of Sarah Swift, wife to Deacon Thomas Swift, aged 75 years, Dec d Feb. y e 4 th , 1717-8. Here lyes the body of Betsey Swift, dau r of M r John & M rs Elizabeth Swift, died M°h 25, 1774, aged 10 months & 29 days. In memory of M rs Rebekah Swift, the virtuous wife of M r Nathaniel Swift, who died 6 th Sept. 1793, 2Et 70. The sweet remembrance of the just Shall flourish when they sleep in dust. Here lies interred the remains of Samuel Swift, Esq. who departed this life Oct. 13 th , 1747, aged 64 years. “ Who never did a slander forge, His neighbor’s fame to wound. Nor hearken to a false report, By malice whispered round. Who to his plighted vows & trust Had ever firmly stood, And tho’ he promised to his loss, He made his promise good.” MILTON CEMETERY. 491 Sacred to the memory of M rs Judith Swift, wife of M r Ebenezer Swift, who died April 22 d , 1784, aged 55 years. I once did’st stand as thou dost now, To view the dead as thou dost me, But soon you’l lie as low as I, While others stand and gaze at thee. Here lyes the body of Lydia Swift, dau r to M r Ebenezer & M rs Judith Swilt, who died July 10 th , 1758, aged 4 years & 5 months. Here lyes buried y e body of Deacon Thomas Swift, aged 82 years & 8 months. Died Jam y e 31 st , 1717-8. Here lyes buried y e body of M r Thomas Thacher, son of M r Peter Thacher, aged 28 years, who died Dec r 19 th , 1721. Mrs. Theodora Thacher, y e daughter of Rev. Mr. John Oxenbridge, Pastor of y e first Church of Boston, and wife of M r Peter Thacher, aged 38 years, 3 months & 23 days, was Translated from Earth to Heaven Nov r y e 18*, 1697. This Stone Sacred to y e memory of M rs Sarah Thacher, Consort of y e late Oxenbridge Thacher, Jr. Esq r . who died y e 3 d of July, 1764, 2Et 39. De¬ mands from thee, oh reader, y e tribute of a tear to her memory, and a thought on thine own dissolution. In memory of M r Lewis Thomas, who died on his way from Boston to his parents M r Hushai & M rs Lucy Thomas in Middleborough, with the yellow fever, August 25 th , 1798, in his 28 th year. Though the great God who reigns on high Hath doomed the race of man to die, Yet saints thereby are cleansed from sin, And in glory rise again. Here lyes buried y e body of M r Samuel Trescott, who died July 30 th , 1730, in' y e 84 year of his age. Here lyes buried y e body of M rs Margaret Trescott, widow of M r Samuel Trescott, she died March 19 th , 1741, in y e 90 th year of her age. Luther, son of Samuel & Hannah Toplif, stillborn Nov. 16 th , 1734. In memory of Mary Paine Tufts, daughter of M r William & M rs Peggy Tufts, who died Sep. 2 d , 1791, in the 2 d year of her age. Sleep, sleep, sweet babe, and take thy rest, God called thee home, he thought it best, Wipe off your tears, your eyes let dry, We learn from this we all must die. Here lye buried the remains of Susanna Tucker, the wife of M r Jazaniah Tucker. She departed this life Oct. 2 d , 1776, in the 65 th year of her age. Here lies interred the body of M rs James Tucker, who departed this life Dec r y e 22 d , 1750, in y e 71 st year of her age. Here lyes buried the body of Deacon Nathan Tucker, who departed this life Nov. 8 th , 1776, aged 58 years. 492 HISTORY OF MILTON. In memory of M 1 * Mary Tucker, the widow of M r Joseph Tucker, who died Oct. 7 th , 1792, in the 59 year of her age. In memory of M rs Elizabeth, wife of M r Samuel Tucker, who died M‘‘h 10 th , 1791, in y e 66 th year of her age. « In memory of Mary W. Tucker, daughter of M r David & M rs Mary Tucker, died Kov. 22 d , 1792, aged 12 years. Thrice blessed are the pious dead, Who in the Lord shall die, Their weary flesh as on a bed Safe in the grave shall lie. In memory of M r Joseph Tucker, who died May 22 d , 1789, in the 64 year of his age. To God I now resign my breath, And safely walk the vale of death, With Christ I’ve lived, with him I’ll die, And pass to immortality. Here lyes y e body of M rs Waitstill Tucker, the widow of I)ea n Manasseh Tucker. She died March y e 19 th , 1748, in y* 87 year of her age. Here lies y e body of M rs Sarah Tucker, the widow of M r James Tucker, she died Sept. y e 16 th , 1756, in y e 74 year of her age. Here lies the body of Deacon Manasseh Tucker, who died April 8 th , 1743, in y e 89 year of his age. Here lyes y e body of James Tucker, of Milton, aged 77 years, l)ec d Mar® 11 y e 13 th , 1717. In memory of Sarah Tucker, daughter of M r Samuel and M rs Elizabeth Tucker, who died Feb. 10 th , 1766, in y e 2 d year of her age. Here lies buried the body of M r Manasseh Tucker, Jr., the son of Deacon Maifasseh Tucker, who died March 10 th , 1730, in the 42 d year of his age. Ebenezer, son of M r Ebenezer Tucketyvs Elizabeth his wife. He died Sept. 26 th , 1775, aged 10 years and 4 months. Here lies buried the body of Deacon William Tucker, who departed this life Dec. y e 9 th , A.D. 1771, in y e 64 th year of his age. The sweet remembrance of the just Shall flourish when he lies in dust. “ His works of piety and love, Remain before the Lord, — Honor on earth and joys above Shall be his sure reward.” In memory of M rs Mary Tucker, once y e amiable consort of Capt. Jere¬ miah Tucker, who departed this life Sep. y e 21 st , 1766, in y e 40 tn year of her age. In memory of M r Samuel Tucker, who died May 26 lh , 1776, in y e 57 year of his age. MILTON CEMETERY. 493 Here lyes y c body of M re Rachel Tucker, wife of M r . William Tucker. She died Jam' 25 th , 1744, in y e 34 th year of her age. Here lies buried the remains of Capt. Samuel Tucker, who departed this life Dec r 25, 1758, in the 72 d year of his age. Here lies y e body of Esther Tucker, dau r to M r Jazaniali & M rs Susanna Tucker. She died July y e 19 th , 1755, in y e 13 th year of her age. Here lyes y e body of M rs Jean Tucker, widow of M r Ebenezer Tucker. She died Feb. 17 th , 1743, in y e 57 th year of her age. Here lies y e body of M r James Tucker, son of M r James & M rs Sarah Tucker; he died Dec r the 7 th , 1732, in y e 23 d year of his age. In memory of M r Thomas Yose, who died March 27, 1775, in the 36 th year of his age. A soul prepared needs no delays, The summons comes, the soul obeys; Swift is his flight and short the road, He closed his eyes and saw his God. The flesh rests here till Jesus come, And claim the treasure from the tomb. In memory of Moses Voso, who died Sep. 6 th , 1793, aged 21 years, 3 mon. 2 days. Also Elijah Yose, died Sep. 17 th , 1774, aged 1 year 12 days. Sons of Moses & M rs Hannah Yose. In memory of M rs Abigail Yose, Consort of M r Edward Yose, Decea d , who died Sept. 8 th , 1778, in the 64 th year of her age. Here lyes buried the body of Lydia Sumner Yose, daughter of M r Ben¬ jamin & M rs Esther Yose, who died May 6 th , 1779, aged 1 month. Here lyes y B body of Samuel Yose, aged 21 years and about 9 months, Dec d Dec. 13 tn , 1717. William Yose, son of M r Nathaniel & M rs Ruth Yose, died Oct. y e 8 th , 1773, aged 1 year & 14 days. “ The sweet delights we here enjoy And fondly call our own, Are but short favors borrowed now To be repaid anon. ’Tis God that lilts our comforts high Or sinks them in the grave, He gives, and blessed be his name, He takes but what he gave.” In memory of M rs Mary Yose, wife of Dea n W m Yose, who died Oct. 25, 1792, in the 38 th year of her age. And their children, yiz.: Edward Roger, died July 5 th , 1783, 2Et. 4 years. Ebenezer, died July 25 th , 1783, 2Et. 9 months. Philena, died Oct. 20 th , 1792, Mt. 11 days. Here lyes y e body of Thomas Yose, son of M r Josiah and M rs Ruhamah Yose, died May 26, 1778, aged 2 months. 494 HISTORY OF MILTON. To the memory of M rs Lucy Yose, the second wife of M r Ebenezer Yose. She died May 30 lh , 1797, aged 58 years. Religion against decay can arm, And ever lend mortality a charm. Here lyes buried the body of Esther Yose, daughter to Benjamin & M rs Esther Yose, who died Jan. 28, 1771, age 1 year & 2 months. Happy the babe who priveledged by fate To shorter labor and a lighter weight, Receives but yesterday the gift of breath, Ordered to-morrow to return to death. In memory of M r William Yose, who died May 13 th , 1776, in the 44 th year of his age. Charles Yose, son of M r Benjamin & M rs Esther Yose, died August 3 d , 1793, aged 6 years. Here lies the body of Mr Elijah Vose, who departed this life Nov. 5 th , 1766, in the 58 th year of his age. “ Great God, I own thy orders just. And nature must decay, I yield my body to the dust, To dwell with fellow clay. Hoping to see Thy lovely face, With strong immortal eyes — To feast upon Thy wondrous grace With pleasure and surprise.” Here lies buried the body of M r Edward Yose, who departed this life May y e 31, 1770, in y e 50 th year of his age. In memory of M r Ebenezer Yose, who died O ct . 2 d , 1788, aged 55. The sweet remembrance of the just Shall flourish when they sleep in dust. Here lies buried M rs Eunice Yose, wife of M r Ebenezer Yose, who died June 20, 1707, in y e 31 st year of her age. A meek and quiet spirit she possessed, And practiced the religion she professed. In memory of Miss Polly Howe Yose, who died Dec. 7 th , 1797, aged 21 years. Though early made a sacrifice to death, With cheerful hope she could resign her breath; Her sickly form she now has left behind, And freed from all that could disturb her mind. In this grave lies buried Esther Yose, the late virtuous & amiable con¬ sort of M r J^athan Vose. She departed this life Feb. 28 th , 1775, in the 23 year of her age. A soul prepared needs no delay, The summons comes, the saints obey; Short was her life, but well improved, She closed her eyes and saw her God. MILTON CEMETERY. 495 Here lyes buried y e body of Lieu* Henry Yose, who died M oh 26 th , 1752, in y e 87 th year of his age. Here lies buried y e body of Capt. Thomas Yose, he departed this life y' 9th day of March, 1760, aged 62 years, 11 months & 8 days. Stand still, reader, and spend a tear, Over the dust that slumbers here ; And, while you’re musing here on me, Think on the glass that runs for thee. Fanna Yose, daughter of M r Daniel & M rs Rachel Yose, died Sep. 9 th , 1775, aged 3 months and 6 days. John Yose, Jun., son of M r Joseph & M rs Ruhamah Yose, died Sep. ye i 775 s aged 10 months & 6 days. Here lies buried y e body of Mr. Lemuel Yose, who died O et . 1 st , 1764, in y e 34 th year of his age. Here lies the body of Peter Yose, sofL of Capt. & M rB Patience Yose, died Feb. 9 th , 1764, aged 18 years, 5 months & 26 days. In memory of M re Patience Yose, Relict of M r Thomas Yose, of Mil- ton, and daughter of Joseph & Ruhamah Billings. She died April y e 3 d , 1800, aged 85 years. Here sleeps a Christian, full of faith and love, She lived in cheerful hope, resigned her breath To join her kindred spirits blest above — Reader, be such your life and such your death. Here lies y e body of M r Jonathan Vose, who died February, 1760, in ye 5 Qth year of his age. Here lies interred the remains of M rs Abigail Yose, widow of Lieu*. Robert Vose, who departed this life Decem r y e 28 th , 1769, in y e 72 d year of her age. The graves of all his saints he blessed, And softens every bed, Where should the dying members rest But with the dying Head. Here lyes buried y e body of Lieu* Robert Yose, who departed this life April 20 th , 1760, in y e 67 th year of his age. Here lyes the body of M r Edward Yose, Dec d Jan. y e 29 th , 1716, in y e 80 year of his age. Here lyes y e body of Abigail Yose, wife to Edward Yose, aged 65 years. Dec d May y° 18 th , 1712. Here lies buried the body of M rs Waitstill Yose, widow of Cap* Thomas Yose, died Jan^ y e 8 th , 1727, aged 84 years. Joseph, son to Elijah & Sarah Yose, died Sep. y e 29, 1735, in y e 4 th year of his age. 496 HISTORY OF MILTON. Rufus Yose, son of M r John & M rs Mary Yose, died Sep. y e 18* h , 1750, aged 18 mon. & 20 days. Here lies buried the body of Nathaniel Yose, Juni or , who departed this life December 18 th , 1756, in y e 52 year of his age. Here lies y e body of Zebiah Uoce, dafter of W m Uoce, aged 17 years, died March y e 26 th , 1718. Here lies y e body of William Uose, aged 44 years, died Dec. 7 th , 1717. Here lyes buried the body of Rubin Yose, son of M r Nathaniel & M rs Rachel Yose, died May y e 9 th , 1760, in y e 21 st year of his age. Here lyes buried the body of M rs Elizabeth Yose, wife to Lieu* Henry Yose, who died Oct. y e 18 th , 1732, in y° 66 th year of her age. In memory of M rs Miriam Vose, relict of Robert Yose, who departed this life Oct. 25 th , 1785, in y e 57 th year of her age. In memory of Rachel Yose, dau r of M r Nath 1 & M rs Rachel Yose. She died Sept. y e 1 st , 1775, aged 32 years. The sweet remembrance of the just. Shall flourish when they sleep in dust. Here lyes buried the body of M r John Yose, son of M r Nathaniel & M rs Rachel Yose, who departed this life Oct. 27 th , 1752, in y e 27 year of his age. Here lyes buried the body of M r Thomas Yose, son of Capt. Thomas Yose, deceased Aug. 16 th , 1722, in y e 55 year of his age. Here lyes y e body of Eli Yose, son to M r Thomas & M rs Patience Yose, he died Feb. y e 8 th , 1749, aged 3 years. Mary Yose, daug r to M r Jonathan & M rs Mary Yose, died Nov. 10 th , 1744, in y e 4 th year of her age. In memory of M r Zephaniah Walker, who died July 8 th , 1775, aged 21 years. Come hither, mortal, cast an eye, Then go thy way, prepare to die. Here read thy doom, for die thou must, One day, like me, be turned to dust. Here lyes the body of M rs Elizabeth Wadsworth, the widow of Dea n John Wadsworth. She departed this life May 6 th , 1766, in the 89 th year of her age. In memory of Rev. M r John Wadsworth of Milton. Educated at Har¬ vard College. Ordained at Canterbury Sep. 17 th , 1728. Died at Milton June 15 th , 1766, aged 63 years. Here lies buried, waiting for the coming of the Lord, the body of M r John Wadsworth, only son of M r John & M rs Abigail Wadsworth, who was MILTON CEMETERY. 49T suddenly removed (not without hope) from his lamenting friends into the invisible state, May 27, 1752, in the 21 st year of his age. Young man, your bones shall flourish as an herb. Reader, art thou also ready ? At such an hour as you think not the Son of Man cometh. Here lyes v e body of Deacon Ebenezer Wadsworth, aged 56 years & 5 mos. Dec d Aug 4 y e 1 st , 1717. [The Oldest Stone in the Cemetery.'] Here lyes y e body of Christopher Wadsworth, aged about 24 years, died y 8 4 th of December, 1687. Here lies the body of Esther Wadsworth, wife of Benjamin Wadsworth, She departed this life July 2 d , 1777, in the 61 st year of her age. She constantly manifested entire trust in God, through the merits of Jesus Christ, and the most animating and agreeable apprehensions of the eternal world. A lovely face can smoothe the face of death, Bid youth and beauty sacrifice their breath; Can tread the gloomy valley without fear, And part with all beiow without a tear. Here lies buried the body of Deacon Benjamin Wadsworth, who departed this life O ct 17 th , 1771, in y e 64 year of his age, having served in y 6 office of deacon in y 8 Church at Milton, 28 years; he lived respected and died lamented. How rich y e store 8 of grace lay hid behind The vail of modesty, no humand mind Can search, no friend declare, nor fame reveal — Nor has this mournful pillar power to tell. Yet there’s a hastening hour, it comes, it comes To rouse y e sleeping dead, to burst y c tombs And sety 6 saints in view. All eyes behold, While y e vast records of y e skies unrolled Rehearse his deeds y‘ spread his worth abroad, Y e Judge approves & Heaven & earth applaud. Here lyes y e body of Elizabeth Wadsworth, y e daughter of Deacon Benjamin Wadsworth & M rs Esther his wife. She died Feb. y 8 14 th , 1750, in y e 14 th year of her age. Here lies buried the body of Deacon John Wadsworth, son to Capt. Samuel Wadsworth, who died Jam 31 st , 173|, in y 8 60 year of his age. In memory of Abigail Wadsworth, dau r to y e Rev. M r Jo n & M rs Abigail Wadsworth of Milton. She died Jan. y 8 1 st , 1758, aged 23 years. When this you see. remember me. Sarah, daughter to Recompense and Sarah Wadsworth, aged 12 years, 8 ms & 28 days. Dec d April y 8 17 th , 1728. Here lies inter’d y 8 remains of Lieut. Samuel Wadsworth, who departed this life Nov. Anno Dom. 1754, in y 8 69 year of his age. Here lyes y 8 body of M rs Mary Wadsworth, Relict of Deacon Ebenezer Wadsworth, Dec d M ch y 8 8 th , 173f, in y 8 77 th year of her age. 498 HISTORY OF MILTON. In memory of M vs Sarah Weston, wife of M r Abel Weston, who died Jan. 15, 1797, in the 20 th year of her age. Swift as the sun revolves the day, We hasten to the dead: Slaves to the wind we putf away, And to the ground we tread. ’Tis air that lends us life when first The vital bellows heave, — Our flesh we borrow of the dust, And when a mother’s care has nursed The babe to manly size, we must With usury pay the grave. Erected in memory of M r John Willson, who deceased April 17 th , 1790, aged 19 years. Here lyes y c body of M r Peter White, who died Jan. y e 23 d , 173f, in y e 77 year of his age. Here lyes y° body of Mary Wyat, 1 wife to Edward Wyatt, aged 92 years, Dec d Feb. y e 6,1705. Sally Young, daughter of M r John & M rs Miletiah Young, who died Jan. 4 th , 1791, aged 5 years, 9 months and 7 days. 1 The following, from the Dorchester Town Records, refers to Mrs. Wyat: — “ The Old widow wiate Bing 94 years of age and on that had Layd So many women that she was instrimintall for the brinin into the world on thousand on hundred and on Children.” TRANSACTIONS RELATIVE TO SMALL-POX. 499 CHAPTER XY. TRANSACTIONS OF THE TOWN RELATIVE TO THE SMALR-POX INFECTION. O NE of the greatest terrors in the life of the early inhabit¬ ants was the frequent invasion of that fell disease, the small-pox. It is not improbable that this was the malady that swept off the Indian tribes before the advent of our fathers. That it was sorely felt in our town appears by frequent allusions to it in the records. The following extracts from the journal of Rev. Peter Thacher, Milton’s first pastor, will show its prevalence in this town two hundred years ago: — Nov. 15. 1689. Margaret Reeding being with us on a visit was taken with the small-pox, and we put her to bed in the chamber next the study, it was very surprising to us. Dec. 26. 1690. There hath died in the Town in sixteen months last past SO men, women, and children, 13 of the small-pox, and 17 of other dis¬ tempers, most of them of the fever, 14 were communicants, 12 were in full communion with the Church, and there hath been sixty six visited with the small-pox in the Town in about a year. The small-pox hath been three times brought into the Town in the compass of a year; the two first arrows were shot, as it were God’s warning pieces — the first was into one family whereof one died, and it was out of the Town for a good while, then one person was taken and sent to the family which was first taken and it pleased God that no more had it; and about four months ago it was sent into Daniel Ellen’s, and since 12 have died with it, and it is now in four¬ teen families. Rev. Thomas Thacher, of the Old South Church, published a treatise on small-pox in the early part of his Boston min¬ istry. It prevailed with great fatality there in 1702. In 1721 eight hundred and forty-four died; in 1730 four hun¬ dred died; between 1752 and 1764, seven thousand six hun¬ dred and sixty-nine had the disease, and five hundred and sixty-nine died in the latter year. So great was the panic produced by its virulence that many families left the town for safety. 500 HISTORY OF MILTON. Rev Peter Thacher D.D., great-grandson of Rey. Peter Thacher of Mil- ton was born in Milton March 21, 1752, the family having retired from Boston on account of small-pox, which, during that season, spread through the town.— Mass. Hist. Coll., VIII., 82. INOCULATION. In 1721, when death seemed to follow in the track of the destroyer, Rey. Dr. Cotton Mather, of Boston, called the attention of the physicians to the accounts of inoculation, as presented in the “ Transactions of the Royal Society.” The idea was at once rejected by the medical faculty as unwise and danger¬ ous. But one of their number, Dr. Zabdiel Boylston, a native of Brookline, an eminent physician of extensive practice, saw in the suggestions a gleam of hope. With great courage, but with the utmost secrecy, he inoculated his own son, Thomas, six years old; his negro man, Jack, thirty-six; and a little negro boy, two and a half. The experiment was successful, and, in 1721 and 1722, he, and others emboldened by his success, inoc¬ ulated two hundred and eighty-six, of whom only six died; while of the five thousand seven hundred and fifty-nine who had the disease in the natural way, during the same period, eight hundred and forty-four, or nearly one-seventh, died. This was done in the face of great opposition, the selectmen of Boston passing an ordinance to prohibit it. But success caused it to prevail. It was gradually adopted in this coun¬ try, even before it became common in England. INOCULATION IN MILTON. A few years after its introduction into Boston we see refer¬ ence to it in the Milton Records, and fifty years later is the following item: — March 17, 1777 Dr Amos Holbrook petitioned the Town for libei’ty to open an Inoculating Hospital for small-pox in this Town : Voted that the prayer of said petitioner be granted provided the petitioner can procure a house that, in the judgment of the Select men, is suitable. We are informed that Dr. Holbrook procured for this purpose the house of Col. Elijah Yose, on Gun Hill street; the Went¬ worth house, now the Alfred Crossman house, in the woods, between Canton avenue and Hillside street; and the house of George Tucker, on land now owned by heirs of Elijah Tucker, Brush Hill. At a still later date the action of the town was more decisive and far-reaching. TRANSACTIONS RELATIVE TO SMALL-POX. 501 Sep. 1. 1792. The second article in the warrant was to see if the Town will grant liberty for inoculation of the small-pox under such regulations as they may direct. The Town granted liberty accordingly. Capt. Bad- cock, Capt David Tucker, Daniel Yose Esq. Mr. Timothy Tucker, Joseph Billings, John Swift, Henry Yose, Dr. Holbrook & Dr. Sumner, were appointed to decide what regulations or restrictions are necessary and to report to the Town in half an hour. The said committee reported as follows: your committee having attended to the vote of the town report that the within named houses be licensed to inoculate in with the small¬ pox, through the month of September and longer if the Select men think it necessary. The whole business to be under the direction of the Select men. The houses are as follows: — Mr Enos Blake’s, Mr Peletiah Raw- son, Mr Briggs work house, Mr Nathan Vose, Mr William Yose, Mr Jeremiah Crane, Dea. How, Mr Benjamin Henshaw, Widow Henshaw, Col. Elijah Vose. From Braintree line in Scotts woods to Stoughton line; Mr Nathaniel Davenport, Capt. Bradlee, Nathaniel Gay, Cornelius Gulliver, Deacon Tucker, Mr Robbins house at Brush Hill, Mr Thacher’s, Mr Shepard’s, Moses Yose, Stephen Horton’s, Jonathan Yose’s widow’s house. VACCINATION. In the closing years of the eighteenth century Dr. Edward Jenner, an English physician of note, in extensive practice at Berkeley, Gloucester, England, had his attention awakened by the fact that his attempts to communicate small-pox by inocu¬ lation to sundry individuals among his patients in the rural districts were unsuccessful. On careful inquiry he learned that these persons had been affected with the cow-pox, a dis¬ ease not uncommon among farmers, caused by specific sores on the udder of the heifer communicated to the human system by accidental contact, in case the cuticle happened to be broken. With remarkable ingenuity he pursued the subject, and de¬ monstrated the fact that this malady could be introduced from the animal into the human subject, and propagated from one human subject to another, by inoculation, rendering those skilfully and successfully treated secure from small-pox. The great idea was accepted. Vaccination was introduced into the English metropolis, was adopted in the army and navy, and spread over the world, waking a thrill of joy in all hearts. MILTON FOREMOST. The year 1809 is rendered memorable in the history of Mil- ton by reason of the intelligent and liberal spirit manifested by the town in the treatment of this subject. John Mark Gourgas was the originator and the lqading man in this movement, and, as such, should receive a brief memorial notice here. He was of Huguenot descent. His ancestors left 502 HISTORY OF MILTON. France soon after the repeal of the Edict of Nantes, and settled in Geneva, where he was born March 9, 1766. In 1783, when he was seventeen years old, he went to London and entered the counting-house of Mr. Francis Lucadon, a German, and a friend of his father. He remained here several years, acquiring a thorough business education. When he left Mr. Lucadon he formed a partnership with Mr. Daniel Hoofstetter, a wholesale dealer in Mediterranean products, and this connection remained unbroken as long as Mr. Gourgas resided in England. In 1798 he married Miss Peggy Sampson, of Radwell, Hertford¬ shire. After this marriage he lived in Camberwell, then a dis¬ trict of London, and while there formed the acquaintance of Dr. John Lettson, through whom he became very much in¬ terested in vaccination for small-pox. The climate of England had always been injurious to him, and, finding that his health became steadily worse, he resolved to leave England and make the United States his future home. He sailed with his family Aug. 5, 1803, and arrived in Boston Sept. 17. He lived a few years in Milton, in a part of the house of John McLean, now the Hollingsworth house, at Mattapan, and then removed to Dor¬ chester, and in 1817 bought a farm in Weston, where he died Dec. 8, 1846. While a resident here he succeeded in interest¬ ing the citizens generally, and in arousing the whole town to the magnitude of the blessing discovered in inoculation. Under his leading Milton led in the Commonwealth and in the country. Milton was the first town in a corporate capacity to extend the benefits of vaccination to all its inhabitants. The town was thoroughly in earnest, and acted with the utmost unanimity. Numerous meetings were held, at which carefully prepared papers were presented, and methods for extending and per¬ petuating the blessing were discussed and matured. In the end a complete record of these meetings, embracing the papers read, and a detailed account of all the transactions of the town, was printed in a pamphlet of forty-eight pages, copies of which were sent to the selectmen of every town in the Commonwealth, and were otherwise widely circulated. This pamphlet is now rare, but occasional copies are found among our oldest citizens. A letter was recently received from one of our early citizens, now residing in Wisconsin, directing attention to these papers, and offering to send a copy which he had. Portions of this pamphlet will here be introduced, with the pur¬ pose of showing, more than anything else, the noble and benevo¬ lent spirit which characterized the town in these transactions. TRANSACTIONS RELATIVE TO SMALL-POX. 503 Early in the movement the following circular was sent to every town in the Commonwealth: — To the Selectmen of each and every town in the Commonwealth of Massa¬ chusetts : — The security of our families within our homes, and the safety of the state of which we are members, collectively constitute private and public happiness. If that happiness can be disturbed by the sword of an invading enemy, is it not also exposed to be blasted by the deadly breath of pestilence ? Who has been witness to the desolating scourge of the small-pox but knows that its terrors are not in vain? Have we not seen at various periods confusion enter our towns, and affliction our families ? Have we not seen our ablest men, our country’s strength and defence, mowed down by the cruel destroyer? Desolation filled our camp, and our frontier left exposed. Shall we wait for another return of the deadly foe, or by the right im¬ provement of a most merciful dispensation, testify a grateful sense thereof by securing ourselves and our country for ever ? The perusal of the papers annexed herewith will open to your view the scheme in contemplation: it has received the fostering support of benevo¬ lence, from the highest authority in the state, and was countenanced at an early period by our brethren in the five towns of Dorchester, Dedham, Canton, Stoughton, and Sharon, who like us have experienced the facility and safety of the measure. It is now our ardent wish to see its benefits extended to every town in the Commonwealth; our joint endeavors we offer to you in the bonds of love and peace ; that peace which would depart from us, if this work begunf and so far pursued, under a peculiar blessing, was by us forsaken before its completion. We beseech you, therefore, by every consideration which is dear to man, attentively to peruse these papers; to invite your respected ministers to consider the contents, and call thereto the immediate attention of the repre¬ sentatives of your town, that they may be fully acquainted with the subject before their attendance at the next General Court. Use your best endeavors to spread them amongst your people, and thereby prepare the way soon to establish their security; in your exertions you will find the way to peace and pleasantness, for the object of the un¬ dertaking, which we call upon you to join, is to diffuse amongst men one of the greatest temporal blessings ever bestowed on our race, a perfect security against that cruel pestilence the small-pox. Samuel Gile, Minister of the Gospel, Milton. Jason Houghton, j* tion of said town. Jason Houghton, j Jedidiah Atherton, | Amos Holbrook, J Milton, 27tli November, 1809. 504 HISTORY OF MILTON. Before issuing the above circular to the towns a communica¬ tion had been addressed to His Excellency the Governor, a part of which is given below: — Milton, 23d Sept., 1809. To His Excellency Christopher Gore, Esq., Governor of Massachusetts: — Amidst the important cares of the State, your known condescension to encourage every attempt which may have a tendency to public good, will plead your indulgence for the wish of us, the Selectmen of Milton, to ap¬ proach your Excellency, and lay before him the details of the transactions which have taken place in our town respecting Cow Pox, or Kine Pock inoculation. In the early part of the summer a number of cases of Small Pox having occurred in the neighbourhood of Boston, a considerable degree of anxiety prevailed amongst the inhabitants of our town, and we thought it advisable on the 5th July to issue a warrant to call a special town meeting on the 8th July, to take into consideration the propriety of adopting some measures for a general inoculation of the Cow Pox; the meeting accordingly took place, and by their resolves a committee of five was raised, and the busi¬ ness referred to them; the cause of humanity will always have to rejoice that its interests were essentially aided on that day by the lucid and phil¬ anthropic eloquence of our townsman, the Honourable Edward H. Robbins, Esq. Various doubts had been expressed at the town meeting as to the efficacy of the preventive, and the committee, conceiving that faith alone could be the foundation of the work they had in view, procured some medical certificates, got them printed, and on Sunday the 16th July, after an introductory prayer, they were communicated from the pulpit by the Rev. Mr. Gile, and a copy was distributed to every pew; they appeared to establish that full conviction which could have been anticipated from the respectability of the names affixed to them; of this printed communication we beg leave to annex a copy. Ur. Amos Holbrook, whose heart was engaged in this work from its origin, liberally joined with the committee to carry it into execution; after dividing the town into districts, and warning the inhabitants from house to house, the inoculation begun on the 20th July at the school house on Milton hill, and in the coui'se of a few days it was completed, offering for result three hundred and thirty-seven individuals inoculated, of all ages, from two months to upwards of seventy years; being more than one-fourth of the whole population of the town. One Selectman and the Committee attended the Doctor at the meetings, and notes were taken of the names and ages of the inoculated, and of the result of their inoculation. We have to be thankful, that amongst that large number of both sexes and all ages, no sickness has interfered during the course of their vaccina¬ tion. The inhabitants appeared pleased and so willing to attend, that we have reason to believe there is not at this moment twenty individuals in Milton, liable to the Small Pox. The benefit obtained was great, the labour had been short, pleasurable, and easy; our minds anticipated the possibility of a readiness with our brethren in the neighbouring towns to adopt similar measures, and we were prompted to address communications to that effect to fourteen towns in the county of Norfolk, a copy of which we take the liberty to present to your Excellency. We have the happiness to learn that in consequence of them about three hundred persons have been inoculated with the Cow Pox, in Dorchester, and that Dedham, Stoughton, Canton, and Sharon have TRANSACTIONS RELATIVE TO SMALL-POX. 505 called town meetings, adopted public measures, and raised committees to secure their inhabitants. On the 26th August, being the adjournment of our town meeting, the committee made the following report: — A due indulgence for the feelings of our people has suggested the idea of testing with Small Pox inoculation, such of the individuals who have gone regularly through the Kine Pock, as may desire it; this measure is in contemplation for the beginning of Oc¬ tober next; after it has taken place our views are to have a town register made up, wherein shall be recorded the names of the three hundred and thirty-seven individuals inoculated in July, and to obtain a vote for a periodical inoculation to take place in every year to come, and to raise a standing committee to carry the same into effect; thus we hope, under the Divine blessing, which has so peculiarly marked our progress until now, to be able to keep henceforth our town clear and strong’, as a fortress against the pestilence. The house of Mr. Stephen Horton, which was appointed by the town as the hospital to test with small-pox inoculation those who had been previously vaccinated, stood where the barn of John Craig now stands, on that long-existing passage-way open¬ ing from Pleasant street, nearly opposite the house of John Higgins, and running southerly for a quarter of a mile. To this house competent witnesses were summoned, and the experi¬ ments were performed. Milton, October 10th, 1809. We certify, that in consequence of an invitation from the committee for vaccination, we attended this day at the house of Mr. Stephen Horton, ap¬ pointed as an hospital by the town of Milton, and that the box containing a phial of Small Pox matter, provided for them by Dr. Thomas Welsh, visiting physician to the Hon. Board of Health, of Boston, alluded to in his certificate of the 7th instant, was delivered over to us by Isaac Davenport Esq. for our inspection; that we found the seal affixed upon it by the Doc¬ tor entire, and to correspond with the seal of his certificate; that it was opened in our presence, and the phial enclosed was found sealed up in a paper; that the Small Pox matter was taken out of it before us, and in¬ serted in our presence by Dr. Amos Holbrook in the arms of the following named individuals — to wit: — Samuel Alden, Martin Briggs, Joshua Briggs , George Briggs, Benj. Church Briggs, Charles Briggs, Thomas Street Briggs, Mary Ann Belcher, Catherine Bent, Susanna Bent, Ruth P. Horton, John Smith, represented to us to have been inoculated with Cow Pox in July last, under the inspection of said committee, and the attendance of Dr. Amos Holbrook, as appears by their town register produced to us; In witness whereof we have hereunto affixed our signatures. Richard D. Tucker, Member of the Hon. Board of Health of Boston. Thomas Welsh, Visiting Physician to said Board. Abner Crane, ? Nathan Crane, \ David Tucker, William Peirce, Edward II. Robbins, Hon. Committee for Vaccina¬ tion of Canton. > Selectmen of Milton. Joseph Babcock, Joseph Bent, Josiah Bent, Moses Belcher, Daniel Briggs, Isaac Davenport, Stephen Horton, Stephen Horton, Jun., Joseph Rowe, Seth Sumner, Elijah Vose. 506 HISTORY OF MILTON. The patients were confined at the hospital, under the custody of Mr. Horton, for fifteen days, and at the end of that time were discharged with the following formalities : — On the 25th. October 1809, according to appointment a number of respect¬ able witnesses met at the aforesaid Hospital, and the twelve children after being examined by Doct. Amos Holbrook and exhibiting their arms with the scar of the Cow Pox inoculation, performed in July last, upon the one, and the mark of the impotent effort of the Small Pox matter introduced on the 10th. inst. upon the other, were discharged from the Hospital, and a cer¬ tificate presented to each of them by the Doctor, the following is a copy of one of them: — JOSHUA BRIGGS, You are hereby discharged from the Hospital, where you and eleven more appointed to that purpose have offered to all men, by the test of Small Pox inoculation, a convincing proof of the never failing power of that mild preventive the Cow Pox. Whilst you remain a living token of mercy, your mouth, will delight to testify your gratitude, for a blessing great as it is singu¬ lar in its kind, so that the hearts of men may unite with yours in praise to the Almighty Giver. AMOS HOLBROOK, OLIVER HOUGHTOX, Chairman of the Committee Physician for VACCINATION. Milton, 2 hth. Oct. 1809. Milton, 25th. Oct. 1809. We certify, that agreeable to the invitation of the committee for vaccina¬ tion we attended this day at the house of Mr. Stephen Horton, appointed by the town as an Hospital, to test with Small Pox inoculation such of the in¬ dividuals, desirous thereof, who were vaccinated in July last under the in¬ spection of said committee, and the attendance of Dr. Amos Holbrook, and we found there the twelve children who were inoculated with Small Pox matter by Dr. A. Holbrook on the 10th instant, as appears by a certificate of that date, signed by eighteen witnesses ; that we found their inoculation had not taken; that the inflammation occasioned to their arms by the intro¬ duction of variolous matter had subsided, the scabs disappeared, and the children in perfect health; whereby we rejoice that this additional proof should have been obtained of the never failing power of that mild preven¬ tive, the Cow Pox, against Small Pox infection, and gladfully have granted the present certificate, with an ardent desire, that wherever the same may be promulgated it may contribute to rouse the souls of men to zealous ex¬ ertions for the organization of a regular system to extend the blessing, and thus to attempt to secure our happy land against one of the greatest scourges that ever afflicted mankind. Benjamin Russell, President of the Hon. Board of Health of Boston. Geo. G. Lee, Member of said Board. Joseph Babcock, Thomas Welsh, Visiting Physician to ditto. Daniel Briggs. Abner Crane, $ Samuel Gile, Rev. Isaac Davenport, Stephen Horton, Elijah Vose. TRANSACTIONS RELATIVE TO SMALL-POX. 507 The pamphlet closes with the following letter from the Gov¬ ernor : — Boston, 8th Nov. 1809. To Messrs. David Tucker, William Peirce and John Buggles, jun. Selectmen of Milton : — Gentlemen, — I duly received your two communications under date 23d September and November 7th, and have read with deep interest the recital of your conduct in promoting and attending to the inoculation of the inhab¬ itants of Milton with the Kine Pock, and in confirming by the most com¬ plete evidence, its infallible security against the Small Pox. A copy of the card containing the result of the test to which the efficacy of the Ivine Pock inoculation was wisely submitted by the town of Milton, is most gratefully received, and will ever be retained by 7 me as conclusive proof of the fact it is intended to establish. The prudence, care, and vigilance manifested in the measures you adopted, to secure the objects of your solicitude, from accidents resulting from the use of inefficient matter, or from unskilful and careless practition¬ ers, and to verify the efficacy of the Kine Pock in preventing that loath¬ some distemper, the Small Pox, entitle you to the gratitude not only of those who have been the subjects of your paternal regard, but to the grate¬ ful affections of all who are duly impressed with the futility of the disease, which may be prevented by the" mildest of all disorders, as has been satis¬ factorily established in the United States, as well as in Europe. The most extensive circulation of your experience on this important sub¬ ject, of the measures you adopted with the cautions you used, is undoubt¬ edly the first duty of humanity and patriotism, as it cannot fail of exciting the officers of other towns to adopt similar means, especially when the evi¬ dence is so perfect of the efficacy of the Kine Pock if administered with the watchful attention discovered in every part of your conduct throughout this interesting transaction. The reasons you suggest for advising that inoculation should be adopted by the towns, and carried on at stated periods, under the inspection of officers selected for this purpose, and that a record should be made of their doings, are satisfactory 7 , if not conclusive of the fitness of your pro¬ posal. I pray you, gentlemen, to be assured that I am not insensible to the honour you do me in supposing me interested in your benevolent views ; to promote which, in every relation, I bear to my fellow-citizens will afford me the highest gratification. I am not apprised of any thing which I can do at present to enforce or aid your patriotic design, but if any measure likely to be attended with this effect should occur to myself, or can be suggested by others, the same will be most cordially attempted by, Gentlemen, Your obt. servt. C. Gore. It has not been deemed expedient or necessary to reproduce these papers in their entirety; but the somewhat copious ex¬ tracts here inserted seem needful to show the significance of the movement, and to recognize and perpetuate the noble work of 1809. Two copies of this pamphlet are bound up with the 508 HISTORY OF MILTON. “ Milton Documents,” at the Public Library, for the benefit of all citizens. The policy introduced thus early in the century has been fol¬ lowed out to the present day. As late as the summer of 1885 is seen the published announcement of Milton’s Board of Health, who now hold this in charge, of free vaccination for all the inhab¬ itants of Milton who will avail themselves of it, and the caution not to neglect so important a duty. MILTON LAWYERS AND PHYSICIANS. 509 CHAPTER XYI. MILTON LAWYERS AND PHYSICIANS. MILTON LAWYERS . OXENBRIDGE THACIIER, JEN"., ESQ. * O XENBRIDGE THACHER was the son of Oxenbridge, who was the eldest son of Rev. Peter Thacher, of Milton. At the death of Rev. Peter Thacher his son Oxenbridge, then a resident of Boston, purchased of the other heirs the homestead in Milton, according to the provisions of his father’s will, and removed to this place, where he resided for thirty-five years, until his death. Oxenbridge, who was born in Boston, removed with his father to Milton. He graduated at Harvard in 1738. He first studied divinity, and began to follow the profession of his ancestors; but his voice being too feeble for the pulpit, he turned to the study of the law. He rose to great distinction at the bar. In the critical periods of our country preceding the Revolution he became a public favorite. His character and habits secured the confidence of the people, while his learning and ability gave weight to his opinions. He was ranked among the ablest asserters of civil liberty against the encroachment of the government. Mr. Adams says, “ They hated him worse than they did Otis or Samuel Adams, and they feared him more.” He appeared for the people as colleague with James Otis in the great case of “Writs of Assistance.” In the report of that trial is the following: — Thaeher’s reasoning was ingenious and able, delivered in a tone of great mildness and moderation, characteristic of the man ; but Otis was a flame of fire. Mr. Thacher was a resident of Boston during a part of his life, and was the representative of that town at the General Court for three years, 1763-65; but he never deserted his Milton home on “ Thacher’s Plain.” Here was born his son, Dr. Peter Thacher, March 21, 1752. He graduated at Harvard, 1769; was ordained minister at Malden, Sept. 9, 1770 ; was installed 510 HISTORY OF MILTON. pastor of Brattle-street Church, Boston, Dec. 14, 1785; and died at Savannah, Ga., Dec. 16, 1802, aged fifty. Rev. Thomas Thacher, of Dedham, his second son, it is believed, was also horn in Milton, 1756. He graduated at Harvard, 1775; was ordained at West Dedham, June 7, 1780; and died Oct. 19, 1812. He was an eccentric, but able man. He used to say, “ I can preach the best sermons, but Peter will beat me in praying.” He preached a funeral sermon at Milton, on the Sabbath after the death of Rev. Mr. Robbins, and also gave the address at the opening of Milton Academy, Sept. 9, 1807, both of which were printed, and may be found in the volumes of Milton Documents, Milton Public Library. Oxenbridge Thacher, Jr., the ardent and intelli^snt patriot, who had so large a share in the resolute stand made for the preservation of civil liberty, was not per¬ mitted to witness the triumph of the principles he so ably asserted. He died in Milton, July 9, 1765, seven years before his father, the aged Oxenbridge. His wife, Sarah, died in Milton, July 3, 1764. SAMUEL SWIFT, ESQ. In 1768 there were twenty-five barristers in the whole of Massachusetts. Ten of these were in Boston; of this number was Samuel Swift. He was the second son of Col. Samuel Swift, born at the homestead on Milton Hill, July 9, 1715. He graduated at Harvard in 1735, and studied law with the distin¬ guished counsellor Jeremiah Gridley; he was a member of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery. He married Sarah Tyler, by whom he had one daughter. His second wife was Ann Foster, of Dorchester, by whom he had two sons — Foster, born Jan. 20, 1760, and Jonathan, born 1764 — and four daughters. Foster was a physician in Taunton, and was the father of General Joseph G. Swift, U.S. Army, who was one of the first cadets at West Point. Jonathan became a merchant and settled in Virginia. President Adams often speaks of Samuel Swift in his diary. He says, 1766 : — Spent the evening at Sam. Adams very socially with brother Swift. In a letter to William Wirt, who was writing the life of Pat¬ rick Henry, he says : — Among the illustrious men who were agents in the Revolution must be remembered the name of Samuel Swift. When General Gage offered the freedom of the town to Bostonians who would deposit their arms in the British Arsenal, MILTON LAWYERS AND PHYSICIANS. 511 Mr. Swift opposed the movement. He presided at a meeting where it was covertly agreed to use their concealed arms, also pitchforks and axes, to assail the soldiers on Boston Common. This scheme was revealed to General Gage, and Mr. Swift was arrested. He was permitted to visit his family, then at Newton, upon his parole to return at a given time. At the appointed time he returned, against the remonstrance of his friends, and so high an opinion of his character was entertained by General Gage that he was permitted to occupy his own house under surveillance. From disease induced by confinement, he died a prisoner in his own house, a martyr to freedom’s cause, Aug. 31, 1775. He was interred in his tomb, which had formerly be¬ longed to the father of his first wife, Samuel Tyler, Esq. SOLOMON VOSE, ESQ. He was the eldest son of Gen. Joseph Yose, born in Milton in 1768. He graduated at Harvard College, 1787, when nineteen years of age, in the class with John Quincy Adams and Thaddeus Mason Harris. Soon after graduation he established himself in trade at Charleston, S.C.^where he was stricken down with a dangerous illness. A gentleman of Charleston, Richard Hamp¬ ton, took him to his home, and cared for him until he recovered, in gratitude for which he named his son Richard Hampton Vose. After returning from the South he applied himself to the study of law with Hon. Levi Lincoln, at W orcester, and there married Eliza Putnam Chandler. He commenced business as a lawyer in Northfield, Mass., in company with John Barrett, Esq.; was representative to the General Court; United States assessor, and first postmaster of the place. Here were born his sons Rufus Chandler, George Howe, and Richard Hampton. In the fall of 1805 he moved to Augusta, Me., where his youngest son, Edward Joseph, was born. Several of his family were educated in the college of his adopted State. George Howe Vose died while a member of Bowdoin College, at the age of nineteen. Edward Joseph Yose graduated at Bowdoin in 1825, studied law with Governor Davis, settled as lawyer in Worcester, and died there in 1831, when twenty-four years old. George Howe Yose, son of Rufus Chandler Yose, graduated at Bowdoin in 1850, and settled in Oakland, Cal., in which place he is now living. Prof. George L. Yose, eldest son of Richard Hampton Yose, studied at the Lawrence Scientific School, Cambridge, and de¬ voted twenty years of his life to practical civil engineering in Massachusetts and other States. In 1872 he was elected Pro- 512 HISTORY OF MILTON. fessor of Civil Engineering in Bowdoin College, where he re¬ mained until 1881, when he was called to the same professorship in the Institute of Technology, Boston, still held by him. Gardiner Chandler Yose, second son of Richard Hampton, graduated at Bowdoin in 1855, studied law with his father, and settled in Augusta, his present residence. The life of Solomon Yose was prolonged but a few years after his removal to Augusta. In the midst of a career of use¬ fulness and success he died, greatly lamented, in 1809, aged forty-one years. HENRY MAURICE LISLE, ESQ. He was born in the West Indies, and died at Barbadoes in 1814. He came to Milton in the closing years of the last century, and remained until after 1807. He resided in the house next to Milton depot, then belonging to Daniel Yose. In 1800 he published an oration on the death of Washington. In the years 1804 and 1806 he was moderator at the annual town meetings. By vote of the town, Aug. 6, 1804, he was appointed to defend the town in a certain action before the Supreme Court. He was Grand Master of Union Lodge, Dorchester, 1806-7, and orator before the Grand Lodge of Massachusetts, 1805. He was also orator at the Anniversary Festival of “ St. John the Baptist,” 1807. Both of these orations were printed, copies of which are found in Milton Public Library. In 1803 he published a poem entitled “Milton Hill,” which at the time gained quite a celebrity. A part of this poem is in¬ serted in the chapter on “Milton Hill.” JOHN ROWE, ESQ. He was the eldest son of Jacob and Penelope (Phillips) Rowe, born in Quebec, Canada, July 26, 1765. On the 19th of October, 1772, when seven years of age, he was adopted by his uncle, John Rowe, a wealthy merchant of Boston. He was graduated at Harvard College in 1783, and entered upon the study of law. At the decease of Madam Belcher, John Rowe of Boston came into possession of the Belcher estate on Adams street, Milton. He leased the place, but did not reside here. At his decease, February, 1787, he left to his widow the personal estate, and the use of the real estate during her life; it then descended to the children of his brother Jacob. Jacob came to Milton, with his son Joseph, in 1807, and became a resident of the town, where he died in 1814. John Rowe lived in Milton before his brother Joseph. He had a law office in the Lewis MIL TON Vose house, and was in practice here and in Boston. He died in MU«t n. May 24, 1812, air the age of forty-seven. - ' T IKUT.-GOV. EDWARD IiUTCJlLNSQX ROBBIKS. Li- • < -v. .! i ; • aid Hutch,iuson Robbins, f!r> eldest son of Rev. X uswmiol Robbiits, wasa lawyer.of much eminence, lie was born in Milton. Reb. 19, 1758: graduated at Harvard in 1775, when eighteen years of ag< • m died Hep. 29, 1829. In i785*he married Wlizabeth Murray. Ho lived n>r many years in the u Churchill .Jlouse,” .on. Milton., itilb where all but one of his seven children were borne-, y.L*- v .At the age of twenty-one he w^ydeeted,-; mem he* of the Convention that foricned the Constitution oi Massachusetts, decision with the .people of Milton woi- authoilty, am 1 ended- all strife. 8o great was hie influence, and So gfeat the-con¬ i' si1ic\ to have cojitrolled tliy town and parish during his # active life. -'Wehnd him projector and leader in most of the progres¬ sive enterprises of the town, sanitary, educational, and re¬ ligious. And the influence and guidance of this distinguished citizen,’it is generally believed, wore wise rfnd^afe. Mr. Robbins 1 was much interested in'Maine 1 aiiitl'its settle¬ ment, then coder the:ju,r. u Jioux»f Massachusetts^. 1 nf78 ; >—I *It is from Lie- (iov. Robluns’ t; u u-oeen claimed that i the towns o: personal met Ot’his u:. 1 Napoleou IX Vi ih .wpieatiou oi mat period » further postponement of twenty-two years. MILTON LAWYERS AND PHYSICIANS. 513 Vose house, and was in practice here and in Boston. He died in Milton, May 24, 1812, at the age of forty-seven. LIEUT.—GOY. EDWARD HUTCHINSON ROBBINS. Lieut.-Gov. Edward Hutchinson Robbins, the eldest son of Rev. Nathaniel Robbins, was a lawyer of much eminence. He was born in Milton, Feb. 19, 1758; graduated at Harvard in 1775, when eighteen years of age; and died Dec. 29, 1829. In 1785 he married Elizabeth Murray. He lived for many years in the “ Churchill House,” on Milton Hill, where all but one of his seven children were born. At the age of twenty-one he was elected a member of the Convention that formed the Constitution of Massachusetts, being the youngest member of that distinguished body. He represented the town of Milton at the General Court for fourteen years, for nine of which he held the position of speaker, elected to that office first in 1793. In 1802 he was elected Lieutenant-Governor of Massachusetts with Gov. Strong, and continued in that office till 1807. Then he was appointed Judge of Probate for Norfolk County, which position he held for eighteen years, until his decease.. To this office he seemed especially fitted by the natural kindness of his heart, and by his ruling desire to bless and serve the distressed and dependent around him. Though for the most of his life in public office, Mr. Robbins was none the less devoted to the interests of his friends and to his native town. He was the adviser of the town. His legal papers, now extant, are patterns of precision and accuracy, and as such are copied to this day. Judge Robbins’ opinion and decision with the people of Milton were authority, and ended all strife. So great was his influence, and so great the con¬ fidence reposed in him by his fellow-citizens, that he may he said to have controlled the town and parish during his active life. We find him projector and leader in most of the progres¬ sive enterprises of the town, sanitary, educational, and re¬ ligious. And the influence and guidance of this distinguished citizen, it is generally believed, were wise and safe. Mr. Robbins 1 was much interested in Maine and its settle¬ ment, then under the jurisdiction of Massachusetts. In 4783-4 1 It is from Lieut.-Gov. Robbins’ alleged statement that it has been claimed that Prince Talleyrand, the distinguished French statesman, who, in exile, sought refuge in the towns of Maine until the overthrow of Robespierre, was born at Mount Desert. The personal memoirs of Talleyrand will not be published, however, until 1890. By the terms of his will they were not to be published until 1868. At the expiration of ihat period Napoleon III. obtained from the heirs a further postponement of twenty-two years. 514 HISTORY OF MILTON. lie sent Col. Jonathan Eddy, of Sharon, Mass., afterward of Eddington, Me., to explore lands on the Saint Croix river. From this exploration and others he and another gentleman bought of the State, Oct. 21, 1786, Township No. 4, south of Calais, on the bay or river Saint Croix. Several men and families from Milton removed to this new town. He was much interested in his township and its settlement. He made several visits there between 1790 and 1802. The township was incor¬ porated into a town March 18, 1811, and named Robbinston, for its founder. , Mr. Robbins removed in the spring of 1805 from Milton Hill to the estate of his wife, on Brush Hill. The large farm of one hundred and fifty acres had been rented for many years, and was greatly run down. Under his management it soon recov¬ ered its natural fertility and attractiveness; and in this quiet and homelike retreat he passed the last quarter of a century of his life, always faithful in meeting numerous and responsible public duties, and diligent in conferring happiness unto the many enjoying his constant hospitality. The mansion on Brush Hill, built by James Smith in 1734, has been for one hundred and fifty years the resort of patriots, and men and women of learning from all parts of the country. Children of Edward II. Robbins. Eliza, born Aug. 26, 1786 ; died July 16, 1853. Sarah Lydia, born Dec. 16,1787 ; married Samuel Howe, Oct. 11, 1813; died June 17, 1862. Anne Jean, born July 3, 1789; married Joseph Lyman, Oct. 30, 1811; died May 25, 1867. Edward 1L, born March 24,1792; married Ann Coffin, 1818; died Jan. 10, 1850. Mary, born Oct. 16, 1794; married Joseph W. Revere, April 16, 1821; died Feb. 1, 1879. James Murray, born June 30, 1796; married Frances Mary Harris, Oct. 7, 1835; died Nov. 2, 1885. Catherine, born March 25, 1800 ; died Dec., 18, 1884. JOSEPH ROWE, ESQ. Joseph Rowe was the brother of John, and son of Jacob Rowe. He was born in Quebec, Canada, Nov. 27, 1770, and came to Milton with his father, Jacob, and his sisters, Mary and Penelope, where he resided for more than half a century, till his death, proving himself a highly useful and valued citi¬ zen. He studied law, and was admitted to the bar. For years MILTON LAWYERS AND PHYSICIANS. 515 he had an office in Boston, but never entered upon extensive practice. He was often placed on important committees, where his legal knowledge was of value to the town. The poor who needed legal advice found in him a ready friend and a safe adviser. Possessed of an ample estate, he was able and willing to contribute both his time and knowledge, and, if needful, to draw on his resources, for the benefit of his friends and fellow- citizens less fortunate than himself. He died here, March 26, 1856, leaving by will a legacy of $1,000 for the poor of Milton. ASHUK WAKE, ESQ. Ashur Ware graduated at Harvard College in 1804. He studied law, and in the early part of his professional life took up his residence in Milton, and opened an office in the Lewis Yose building. He was here in 1814, but remained only a short time. After his removal from Milton he was elected Professor of the Greek language at Bowdoin College, and received the degree of LL.D. from that institution. Subse¬ quently he became Judge of the United States Court, and died in Portland, Me., in the year 1873, at an advanced age. ASAPH CHTJKCHILL, ESQ. Of Asaph Churchill, the first of the name, the founder of the Milton family, it may be said emphatically that few men at the close of their lives have left farther behind them the place where they started; few men in seventy-six years ever passed over greater space, using the word in its various senses. In fact, most of us, who go through life upon a somewhat even plane, can hardly conceive how he did it. We can only won¬ der at and admire the tenacity of purpose, courage, energy, and unceasing effort which enabled him to conquer all obstacles, and accomplish his results. We see many men who astonish us by their successful pursuit of knowledge under difficulties; many more who succeed in the chase after material things; but the struggle of Mr. Churchill in the pursuit, and his success in the attainment, were fairly proportioned. Neither the intel¬ lectual nor the material was sacrificed, one for the other, — both were diligently pursued; and something more seems earned by his life than the gravestone biography: “ Born in 1765, died in 1841.” He was the son of Zebedee Churchill (a descendant of John Churchill and Hannah Pontus, Plymouth) and Sarah Cushman Churchill. His birthplace was in the backwoods of Middle- borough, then a country town larger than all Norfolk County, 516 HISTORY OF MILTON. and, in the absence of railroads, as far from Boston, both geo¬ graphically and in enlightened social and material progress, as is now, perhaps, any town in the State. His father, whom he never knew, died while Mr. Churchill was an infant. He had no brother or sister surviving. His mother soon married again ; and with her thus transferred, without any known near re¬ lation ; without an educated or influential friend, or any patron from the high social seats of the synagogue; with no inherited means; with no one, so far as known, to aid or guide him,— he was left to paddle along as best he could. The first heard of him is that he worked in an iron foundry at six and a quarter cents per day, and lived on corn-bread and milk and fish, the latter then so abundant in Middleborough that it was, as he told us, the custom among the people to feed their hogs on the finest brook trout. How, under such circumstan'ces, he came to entertain the idea of getting a liberal education is only less wonderful than how he managed to get it; and on this question we obtain but little light from any conversation with or account from himself in later years. He was too busy a man to spend time in talking of himself or his earlier life, or of anything past. He rather illustrated the sound philosophy * of Longfellow, and “ acted in the living present, letting the dead past bury its dead.” But, somehow or other, he did conceive the idea of getting an education. He was not content with the iron foundry at six and a quarter cents per day, and broke away from it. He heard that somewhere, some fifty or seventy-five miles off, on the other side of Boston, there was such a thing as a college ; that in order to get there he must learn something of Latin and Greek; that there was such a thing as a “ Latin Accidence” and a Greek alphabet. In some way or other he got the books. He studied, and so far mastered them and all the preparatory studies that one day, in the summer of 1785, taking his only pair of shoes in his hands, and walking barefoot from Middle- borough to Cambridge to save their wear, he presented himself for examination at Harvard and was admitted. He went through the course, and graduated well up in his class, with John Thornton Kirkland and Nahum Mitchell as classmates, with the latter of whom, afterwards member of Congress from Massa¬ chusetts, he performed the part assigned to them at Commence¬ ment, entitled “A Syllogistic Disputation upon the Thesis: Grravitas non est essentialis materice proprietary Having graduated, the question arose, which so often troubles our alumni at the present day, What to do next ? Having begun with study he must go on with it, qualis ab incepto tails pro- MILTON LAWYERS AND PHYSICIANS. 517 cesserit. He must attain the position of a lawyer: then, at least, one of distinction, and attained by comparatively few. His ambition could be contented with nothing less, and he achieved it. He somehow acquired the necessary knowledge of the books, and somehow picked up the necessary means of living while getting it, by teaching a little, by working a little at carpentering, by, we are told, even preaching a little. The latter business must have been rather abnormal, for his theology was always rather broad and liberal for the pulpit of 1790. He was favored with some tuition by the Hon. John Davis, and was duly admitted to the bar at Plymouth, on the 13th of August, A.D. 1793, at the age of twenty-eight. The old Boston Directory of 1805 shows him to have had his office at that date on Court street, Boston. About that time he came to Milton, and there commenced and continued the practice of law in Norfolk and Suffolk Counties to the time of his death. His first law office there was at the junction of what are now called Randolph and Canton avenues and Adams street, in a building formerly the property of the late Gen. Moses Whitney, his lifelong friend, an inducement to the occupancy of which, in his straitened circumstances, was the direct and abundant sunlight pouring through its windows, making a large saving in his fuel bill. He followed his professional labors and study with patient and persevering diligence and economy, and, as almost a necessary consequence, with a reasonable measure of material success and reputation. At the age of forty-five he had purchased the large and beautiful place on Milton Hill known as the Governor Robbins estate, hardly surpassed in beauty or value by any in the coun¬ try, and had married, May 5, 1810, Mary Gardner of Charles¬ town, whose personal beauty, upon her arrival in Milton, was said, by the good people of that generation, to have created a special sensation. He was recognized by his contemporaries as one of the ablest lawyers of the county, among whom were such men as the late Theron Metcalf of the Supreme Court bench, Horace Mann, James Richardson, and Judge Abel Cushing. In addition to the more public manifestations of his learning and ability in the constant trial of cases before juries of the county his name comes down to posterity in his cases cited to-day as determinative of law, in the volumes of our reports from almost the 1st of Massachusetts to the 20th of Pickering; among them, one against the Merchants’ Bank, to enforce payment of its bills in specie at the time the banks had suspended, attracted attention. Another one of special interest was the case of Commonwealth v. Glover, to be 518 HISTORY OF MILTON. found in No. 8 of the olden time series published bj Ticknor & Co., in 1886, entitled “ The New England Sunday.” In that case the defendant, who lived in Quincy, was prosecuted in 1820 for selling fresh milk Sunday mornings in Boston, and was defended zealously, and, as the reporter said, “ with great ability, by Mr. Churchill.” The lower court of that daj^ de¬ cided that even this was not a work of necessity or charity, and that it would be better for the spiritual, if not for the physical, welfare of the people of Boston to drink sour milk than to buy it on Sunday, and so found defendant guilty; but on appeal the decision was reversed in the higher court, and the defendant discharged. We believe that fresh milk, ever since, has been practically held vendible in Boston Sunday mornings, as an offence neither against God nor man. Neither, however, did Mr. Churchill confine himself exclu¬ sively to the law. His active mind asserted itself in various directions, in matters of public and private interest; sometimes of a more personal nature, sometimes literary or moral, some¬ times of a business character. He was an accomplished French scholar, had a goodly collection of French books in his library, and spent largely of his leisure time in reading them, particu¬ larly Voltaire, by whom there is reason to think his theology was strongly colored. For one or more years he had a French¬ man of Bonaparte’s time, one Verly, afterwards connected with Harvard College, an inmate of his house, whose conversa¬ tion, always in that tongue, kept Mr. Churchill’s French bright and fresh. He was a prominent member of that good old institution the Dorchester and Milton Lyceum, constantly attending and con¬ tributing his share to its lectures and debates. He there orig¬ inated and pushed forward his scheme for the establishment of some one universal language to be adopted and used in all the civilized countries, selecting the French, and he got a vote of the Lyceum in favor of the project, and in favor of sending a memorial, written by himself, to the Executive Department at Washington, requesting that negotiations be opened with the representatives of foreign powers for some concerted action in aid of the scheme. The memorial was forwarded, and, if its recom¬ mendations had been adopted and put in execution, the present generation would have found foreign travel more comfortable and convenient. He, at one time, established a bank of his own, issued his own bills, and obtained a good circulation for them. But this enterprise was arrested by the Act of the next winter’s Legislature interdicting the issuing by any citizen of bills to MILTON LAWYERS AND PHYSICIANS. 519 be used as currency, and limiting this power to incorporated banks. He had almost a passion for the acquisition of land, stimu¬ lated at the time the banks suspended specie payments by the fear that they would never resume, and became the owner of large tracts, — so large, indeed, that it became the subject of remark; and one may hear quoted to this day the humorous sayings of old John Drew (the colored man who lived on Churchill’s lane, in the box of a house, on fifty feet square of land given him by Dr. Holbrook), that “ he and Squire Churchill owned more land than any two men in Milton.” He did not think it profitable to raise cultivated crops in Milton by hired labor, and so stocked his lands with herds of cattle, regarding that as the best mode of farming. His oft-repeated agricultural maxim was, “ Keep the fences up ; keep all in that is in ; all out that is out,” if you do not wish to lose by your operations on land. One of his neighbors, disposed to find fault with this system of agriculture, querulously asked why he did not “ farm it as General Capen [the great farmer of the day] did.” He replied that he did. The neighbor re¬ monstrated against this assumption, when Mr. Churchill asked if the general did not “ farm it as he had a mind to.” This being admitted, Mr. Churchill sententiously replied, “ And so do I.” He was a member and regular attendant of the Third Church in Dorchester, under Dr. Richmond (Unitarian), formed by the famous secession from Dr. Codman’s society. He contributed largely to the stock, and was active in pro¬ curing the charter, and organizing the old Dorchester and Milton Bank (now the Blue Hill), which has been three times successfully robbed, yet flourishes to-day among the best. Although living and dying before the time when the temper¬ ance movement had exhibited much of its present strength, he had seen wasting away around him so many of the families of his town, and the unnumbered evils of drunkenness, that in advance of his age he had learned to shun all intoxicating liquors, and to keep them from use by his family. Without pledge he consistently abstained. At the call for volunteers in the war of 1812 he shouldered his musket and did the brief military service the occasion required in New England, mainly in meeting false alarms. He was always interested in the State militia, and turned out with the Milton Company, in which he held a subordinate office. In politics he was always independent, but never indifferent. 520 HISTORY OF MILTON. He took sides on all the important questions of the day, what¬ ever they were. On national matters his affiliations were with the democratic rather than the federal school. He was a zealous anti-Mason, sympathizing strongly with his townsman, Mr. Joseph Morton, who, when Mr. Jacob Allen, a seceder and anti-Masonic lecturer, desperately complained that he was afraid of being murdered by the Masons, exhorted him by all means to take the chances of it, as his assassination would be the very best thing in the world for the cause, — the blood of the martyrs was the seed of the Church. It has been doubted whether Mr. Allen saw it in just that patriotic light, but the advice was sincere. In 1810 and 1812 Mr. Churchill represented Milton in the General Court. He was several times put in nomination for office, but was not generally a successful nominee. He had too much individuality; he did his own thinking; he was not con¬ ventional; he practised no arts, adopted no course of action for conciliation, proclaimed no buncombe sentiments to capture voters; he had nothing but integrity and ability to commend him; he was not popular; his prominent virtues were exact justice, rigid honesty, and precise truthfulness. He trespassed against no man; he paid his own debts; he did not ask that his own debts or trespasses should be forgiven, nor did he readily forgive those who owed or trespassed against him; he expected and exacted from others, and felt that he had a right to expect, the same effort and sacrifices in the line of their duty that he had made, and thought that if they met this requirement there would be neither failing debtors nor trespassers to be forgiven. He did not favor bankrupt or insolvent laws. He was of the old school of strict, perhaps severe, but strong men. And this was equally true in the government of his own family and in his dealings with the rest of the world. He gave his sons the best collegiate and professional education to be obtained. For their welfare and that of his two daughters he was unceasingly solicitous. At all times of their sickness, and at all the impor¬ tant crises of their lives, his paternal love (all the deeper and stronger in that its manifestations were suppressed) was evident. It is not perhaps too much to say, that no one thing contributed more to make him willing to labor and deny him¬ self than his wish to save them from the hardships he had himself undergone, and his hope to leave them the competence which he did; but, notwithstanding this, his reticence, his reserve, the sternness of his manner rather than of his nature, prevented him from receiving in his lifetime the grateful appreciation which was his due. MILTON LAWYERS AND PHYSICIANS. 521 He was married but once. His wife, who survived him, died in January, 1859, beloved by all, and most by those who knew her best. Her tenderness of heart, which never thought of self, and the simple purity and beauty of her character fully entitled her to all that love and veneration of her children and the re¬ spect of the community which she always commanded. Of seven children five survived him. The oldest son, Asaph, left Milton in 1838 and has since lived in Dorchester. Joseph McKean, the second son, died in Milton in 1886, honored and regretted. The youngest son, Charles Marshall Spring, still lives upon a part of the old homestead. Both children and grandchildren represent and perpetuate the name or the profession of Asaph Churchill. JOSEPH MCKEAN CHURCHILL, ESQ. Joseph McKean Churchill was the son of Asaph Churchill, Sen.; born in Milton, April 29, 1821; died in Milton, March 23, 1886. He graduated at Harvard College in 1840, and was one of the overseers 1856-68; was delegate to the Constitu¬ tional Convention 1853; representative in State Legislature 1858-59; and member of Governor Banks’ Council 1860-61. He enlisted as a nine months’ man in the 45th Mass. Volun¬ teers, in which regiment he was Captain of Company B. This regiment arrived at Newbern Nov. 5, 1862, and was mustered out of service July 8, 1863. He was one of the County Commissioners from January, 1868, to April, 1871, and during two of those years was chair¬ man of the board. During a period of twenty-five years he served as moderator in the conduct of thirty-two meetings in town affairs. In 1867 he was appointed a Special Justice, and subsequently one of the Associate Justices of the Municipal Court in Boston, 'which office he held at the time of his decease. He died suddenly of heart disease on the morning of the day he was expected to preside at an adjourned town-meeting. Resolutions of respect to his memory are placed on record in the proceedings of the town, of the court in which he was one of the Associate Justices, and of other associations with which he was connected, to which reference may be had for more extended minutes. His tastes inclined to participation in political affairs, and few men devoted more attention to the furtherance of the objects of primary and local organizations and conventions in the practical details of the work of the politician. He seldom engaged in any public effort as an 522 HISTORY OF MILTON. advocate in his profession or in the debates of the assembly, and we are not apprised of any remains of his literary labors. He discharged the duties of official station with fidelity and to public acceptation. He left no immediate family except his widow, his only son, McKean G. Churchill, a promising youth, having died in his sixteenth year, Feb. 12, 1883. Beneath this crushing blow his spirit bowed in deepest sorrow. In reference to this sad bereavement we here give his own words : — McKean Gardner Churchill, only son of Joseph McKean Churchill, who died Feb. 12, 1883; was endowed by nature with a bright and retentive mind. He stood at the head of his class at the Roxbury Latin School, where he was preparing for Harvard University; unselfish, pure and holy in all his tastes and aspirations, he died in early youth, beloved and mourned by all who knew him. LAWYERS OF MILTON, 1887. JOHN M. BROWNE, ESQ. John M. Browne was born in Parsonsfield, Me., April 15, 1839. He received a preparatory college education at “Par¬ sonsfield Seminary,” and was a successful teacher in the public schools in several towns of Maine and New Hampshire. He stud¬ ied law in the office of Messrs. Ayer and Wedgwood, at Cornish, Me., and afterwards attended, for two years, the Law School of Cambridge University; was admitted to the bar of York County ; practised law one year in his native town, and moved to Massa¬ chusetts in 1872, when he opened an office in Boston, where he still continues to practise his profession. Mr. Browne was a Trial Justice for Norfolk County for a term of four years. In 1879 he removed to Milton, where he now resides. JOHN P. S. OHHRCHILL, ESQ., son of Charles M. S. Churchill, was born in Milton, Feb. 16, 1858, graduated at the Boston University School of Law, in the Class of 1882, was admitted to the Suffolk Bar Feb. 23, 1883, and is now actively engaged in the duties of his pro¬ fession. He resides in Milton, and is one of the auditors of the town. EDWARD C. PERKINS, ESQ. Born at Cincinnati, O., Feb. 25, 1844; prepared for college at Phillips Academy, Exeter, N.H.; graduated at Harvard College in 1866. Spent three years in Texas, in business, and then studied law at the Harvard Law School, and with George MILTON LAWYERS AND PHYSICIANS. 523 S. Hale, Esq, in Boston. Married and settled in Milton, Mass., in 1869. Practised law in Boston and Milton since 1872, ex¬ cept between 1879 and 1883, during which time he was in Colorado. EDWARD LILLIE PIERCE, ESQ. Edward L. Pierce was born March 29, 1829; graduated at Brown University in 1850, and from the Law School at Cam¬ bridge in 1852. After leaving the Law School he was, for a time, in the office of Salmon P. Chase at Cincinnati, and became his confidential secretary at Washington. In the year 1857 Mr. Pierce published his work on “ American Railroad Law,” and later a new edition of the same work. He is the author of an elaborate “Index of the Special Railroad Laws of Massachu¬ setts.” His memoir of Charles Sumner, who appointed him as one of his literary executors, was published simultaneously in Boston and London, November, 1877. In 1860 and 1876 he represented his district at the national Republican conventions in Chicago and Cincinnati. He was among the very first to enlist in the late war. The proclamation was issued on the 15th of April, 1861 ; on the 18th the Third Regiment of the Massachu¬ setts Militia, in Co. L, of which he was a volunteer, was off for Old Point Comfort, and on the night of the 20th destroyed the Norfolk Navy Yard. As there was no mustering officer in Boston the regiment was sworn in at Fortress Monroe on the 23d, which fails to show their quick response. In 1862 Mr. Pierce was placed by Secretary Chase in charge of the freedmen and plantations of the Sea Islands of South Carolina. In 1863 he was appointed Collector of Internal Revenue for the Third Massachusetts District. Governor Bullock appointed him District Attorney in 1865, to fill a vacancy in this district oc¬ casioned by the resignation of the incumbent. He was elected to the same office by the people in 1866, and reelected in 1867. In October, 1869, he was appointed “ Secretary of the Board of State Charities,” and held the office till his resignation of the same in 1874. The passing glance at the life-work of the living, which is only possible in these annals, will fail to show with any fairness or precision the career of our honored citizen; but one act of his useful life may properly receive here a definite recog¬ nition. Mr. Pierce was a representative to the Massachusetts Legis¬ lature from the Eleventh Norfolk Representative District dur¬ ing the sessions of 1875 and 1876. He was a member of the Judiciary Committee both years, in 1876 being chairman. 524 HISTORY OF MILTON. Next to that of Speaker this is the most responsible position in the House. In the session of 1875 Mr. Pierce was the first to call the attention of the Legislature to the heavy and still in¬ creasing indebtedness of the cities and towns in the State, often incurred in unnecessary or extravagant expenditures. He subsequently drew the Act upon that subject, which was passed at the same session. This, it is believed, was the first statute limiting and regulating municipal indebtedness passed by any State in the Union. Substantially all the provisions of this statute were incorporated into the Public Statutes, and are law to-day. At the time Mr. Pierce proposed the above legislation there was a great and increasing extravagance in cities and towns in the conduct of their affairs, which began soon after the close of the civil war. Costly improvements were being undertaken, debts were being incurred, and taxes levied in many places to an alarming extent. The beneficial effects of this statute were soon noticeable, and the extravagant notions and designs of municipal bodies and officials have been kept under wholesome restraint. Since the above statute was passed, many other States, seeing the advantages to be derived from it, have made similar laws. It is impossible to estimate the value of this legislation to the Commonwealth and to the country. GEORGE R. R. RIVERS, ESQ. George R. R. Rivers was born in Providence, R.I., May 28, 1853. He moved to Milton in 1854. From 1866 to 1870 he was in Europe. He entered Harvard College in 1871, and was graduated in 1875. He was in the Law School in 1876 and 1879, but did not care to take the degree. He studied law in the office of Thomas M. Stetson, Esq., of New Bedford, and was admitted to the bar in Bristol County, April, 1880. Since that time he has been practising in Boston. NATHANIEL FOSTER SAFFORD, ESQ. Nathaniel Foster Safford, son of Nathaniel F. and Hannah . (Woodbury) Safford, was born in Salem, Mass., Sept. 19, 1815; fitted for college at the Latin Grammar School in that city; entered Dartmouth College, and graduated in 1835. Lie studied law with Hon. Asahel Huntington, of Salem; com¬ menced practice in Dorchester and Milton Village in January, 1839, where he has since resided. During thirty years past his office has been in Boston, where he has continued the pursuit MILTON LAWYERS AND PHYSICIANS. 525 of his profession, now extending in all over a period of nearly fifty years. In the early years of professional life he acted as a magistrate and as Master in Chancery, exercising also jurisdic¬ tion under the operation of insolvent laws. He was a repre¬ sentative to the General Court from the town of Dorchester in 1850 and 1851. In 1853 he succeeded Hon. Samuel P. Loud as one of the Board of County Commissioners for the County of Norfolk, at the time when Roxbury, West Roxbury, and Dor¬ chester formed part of that county, Mr. Loud having been chairman of the board for twenty-five years. This office Mr. Safford continued to hold by successive elections, serving as chairman fifteen years, while resident in Dorchester, and while resident in Milton an additional term of six years, also, as chairman of that board. The interest taken by Mr. Safford in the early part of his profession, in that class of local improvements which required public cooperation for successful accomplishment, continued to be manifested in his subsequent career; and the voluminous records of the commissioners during his terms of official service, of decrees and surveys relating to the entire extinguishment of corporate franchises in turnpikes and toll-bridges, and the establishment of free bridges and roads, the location and reloca¬ tion of highways, the remodelling of court-house and prisons, and fire-proof apartments for records, with the jurisdiction exercised in location of railroad-crossings, assessments of damages, and the like, indicate a progressive movement for a long series of years in active demands for local and public improvements in every section of the county of Norfolk, conducive more especially to the rapid increase of population and enlarged facilities for travel in that portion of the territory of the county annexed to the city or in proximity thereto. HOEACE E. WARE, ESQ. Horace E. Ware was born in Milton, August 27, 1845; graduated at Harvard College in 1867 ; admitted to the bar of Suffolk County in 1869. Mr. Ware was the representative to the Massachusetts Legislature from the Fourth Norfolk District during the sessions of 1879 and 1880, serving both years on the Judiciary Committee. PHYSICIANS OF MILTON. I find no reference to physicians in the earliest history of the town. During the whole ministry of Rev. Peter Thacher, and for twenty years after, there seems to have been no resi- 526 HISTORY OF MILTON. dent physician here. June 10, 1683, Mr. Thacher was pros¬ trated by what he terms a “ great sickness.” He says in his journal: — Dr. Avery stayed with me all night. June 15. This day my brothers Ealph & Thomas tried to get Dr. Winthrop, but he was not at home, Dr. Avery & Dr. Allen came to see me. Dr. Avery was the resident physician of Dedham, and Dr. Allen, of Boston. Had there been a doctor in Milton he would have been with his pastor. Cotton Mather says: -— It is well known that, until two hundred years ago, physic in England was no profession distinct from divinity. Ever since the days of Luke, the Evangelist, skill in physic has been frequently professed and practised by persons whose most declared business was the study of divinity. Such a universally serviceable pastor was our Thacher. He was the only physician of Milton during his ministry, and it is said expended no small part of his salary in providing medicines for the sick and needy of his people. DE. SAMUEL GAEDNEE. Dr. Gardner was the son of Rev. John Gardner, of Stow, Mass. He graduated at Harvard College in 1746, settled in Milton as early as 1753, and was the first resident physician after Mr. Thacher. On the 22d of May, 1766, he married Mary, daughter of Rev. Dr. Cooper, and granddaughter of Provincial Secretary William Foye. He had an extensive practice as physician, and was a leading and influential citizen here for more than a quarter of a century. He died Jan. 18, 1778. DE. ELIOT EAWSOX. He was the third son of Pelatiah and Hannah Rawson, born in Milton, June 23, 1724. After completing his education he settled in the east part of Milton, where he was in practice’ as a physician from 1768 to 1775. DE. EEOS SUMXEE. He was the third child of Seth and Lydia (Badcock) Sum¬ ner; born in Milton, Sept. 25, 1746; studied medicine with Dr. Ames, of Dedham; and was a practising physician here from 1770 until his decease, June 3, 1796. He was never married, but built a house on Highland street, where the house of N. H. MILTON LAWYERS AND PHYSICIANS. 527 detrended to his sister Abigail, who married Jazaniah Ford, a,id v .‘A occupied by Mr. Ford until his death, April 14, 1832. It, ' as last rt iipied by Mr. Join. MeQuirk, and was consumed by fire several years ago. Dr. Sumner served the town, in other ’■ cupm-.hir: ; > that of physician, proving himself a useful DR. AMOS HOLBROOK. i o -> iu Bellingham, Jan. 23, 17 ' 1. and studied medi«- eiia : kinsman, Dr. Metcalf, of Franklin, and subse- . I ‘rovidence. «*:»• l the army at Cambridge, August. 1775. , surgeon’s 3 i:.missioned surgeon of the same regia . and a> .-om- pl* ‘ it to New Jersey He was soon trail ferred . . tla : merit of Col. Joseph Vose. In March, .1777, Colonel Vmr, prostrated by sickness, returned to his Milton home, on . - lane, accompanied by his surgeon. The commander, after a short furlough, rejoi ment; but the surgeon suffer: fro i die • \■ - tiio campaign, determined to resign his place in the arm) and establish himself as physician in ihe town of Milton. His first work in Milton was to petition the town for liberty to open an inoculating hospital for small-pox, March 17, 1777, which was granted. After regaining his health by a sea-voyage to France, v, here he spent several monlhs in witnessing the practice of the hospitals, he took up the line of practice made vacant by the death of Dr. Gardner, and commenced in Milton his long and useful career of m e than half a century. His residence at fiyst was at the village. In 1800 he built the house on Milton Hill now owned by Mrs. Cunningham, where he resided until his death. Prepossessing in< appearance, pleasing iu his manners, and ardent and ind< taCgable in attention to business and in the pursuit of knowledge, he soon found himself well established in a practice which gradually ana.con¬ stant!) increased from year to year. He was* indeed, eminently acceptable as i physician. His very presence in a sick-room, and the soothing kind¬ ness of Jus address, seemed to give hope to his patient s, and inspired eon- ■ ■ . U their friends ; while hi- assiduous attention to the sick of all ages, . : tiirt sympathy with the afflicted, alleviated suffering and afforded ti •*< \ hen the resources of art (ailed to arrest the progress and fatal t< uunci >* of disease. 1 h. We. 11 lie eminent in liis profession, and for many years i u. su: sl.e principal medical business of Dorchester and < y. os. veil as of Milton. MILTON LAWYERS AND PHYSICIANS. 527 Spafford now stands ; in this house he lived and died. It then descended to his sister Abigail, who married Jazaniah Ford, and was occupied by Mr. Ford until his death, April 14, 1832. It was last occupied by Mr. John McQuirk, and was consumed by fire several years ago. Dr. Sumner served the town in other capacities besides that of physician, proving himself a useful citizen. DR. AMOS HOLBROOK. He was horn in Bellingham, Jan. 23, 1754, and studied medi¬ cine with his kinsman, Dr. Metcalf, of Franklin, and subse¬ quently in Providence. He joined the army at Cambridge, August, 1775, as surgeon’s mate in Col. John Greaton’s regiment. In March following he was commissioned surgeon of the same regiment, and accom¬ panied it to New Jersey. He was soon transferred to the regiment of Col. Joseph Yose. In March, 1777, Colonel Yose, prostrated by sickness, returned to his Milton home, on Vose’s lane, accompanied by his surgeon. The commander, after a short furlough, rejoined his regi¬ ment; but the surgeon, suffering from the exposures of the campaign, determined to resign his place in the army and establish himself as physician in the town of Milton. His first work in Milton was to petition the town for liberty to open an inoculating hospital for small-pox, March 17, 1777, which was granted. After regaining his health by a sea-voyage to France, where he spent several months in witnessing the practice of the hospitals, he took up the line of practice made vacant by the death of Dr. Gardner, and commenced in Milton his long and useful career of more than half a century. His residence at first was at the village. In 1800 he built the house on Milton Hill now owned by Mrs. Cunningham, where he resided until his death. Prepossessing in appearance, pleasing in his manners, and ardent and indefatigable in attention to business and in the pursuit of knowledge, he soon found himself well established in a practice which gradually and con¬ stantly increased from year to year. He was, indeed, eminently acceptable as a physician. His very presence in a sick-room, and the soothing kind¬ ness of his address, seemed to give hope to his patients, and inspired con¬ fidence in their friends ; while his assiduous attention to the sick of all ages, and his sympathy with the afflicted, alleviated suffering and afforded consolation when the resources of art failed to arrest the progress and fatal termination of disease. He became eminent in his profession, and for many years engrossed the principal medical business of Dorchester and Quincy, as well as of Milton. 528 HISTORY OF MILTON. Dr. Holbrook was one of the leading men here during the whole of his Milton residence ; his name is found connected with almost every enterprise looking to the prosperity of the town and to the welfare of his fellow-citizens. By marriage relations with one of the principal families of Milton and of Dorchester, and by that intimate and tender communion with all the families to which only the beloved physician gains ac¬ cess, he became specially prominent in the history of his times, and claims a fitting remembrance here. In that day, before professional schools were as common as now, he very often had medical students under his charge. His house was the rendezvous of his profession, and the resort of the literary and celebrated men of the times. When Lafay¬ ette made his last visit to the neighborhood he was entertained as the guest of the doctor; the event is distinctly remembered by the grandchildren of Dr. Holbrook, now living. Dr Holbrook married: — 1st, Melatiah Howard, of Medway, in 1773, who died Feb. 1, 1782. 2d, Patience Yose, daughter of Daniel Yose, of Milton, Oct. 7, 1783, who died March 17, 1789. 3d, Jerusha Robinson, of Dorchester, born March 11, 1764; died Nov. 21, 1838. He died in Milton, June 17, 1842. His children were : — I. Capt. Samuel Holbrook, born Aug. 15, 1773. He sailed from Providence in the employ of the DeWolfs for N.W. coast July 31, 1800; was lost on the return voyage, about Feb. 22, 1802. II. Polly, born May 6, 1775. III. Betsey Allen, born Dec. 26, 1778; married Amasa Fuller of Dorchester, Feb. 12, 1814. IY. Charles Harvey, born Aug. 9, 1781; died May, 1782. Y. Clarissa, born Aug. 23, 1784, by second wife ; married May 20, 1810, Dr. Henry Gardner, of Dorchester. She was the mother of Gov. Henry J. Gardner. VI. William, born Sept. 22, 1790; died Aug. 27, 1794. VII. Sarah Perkins, born July 14, 1794; married William Ellery Vincent, of Dorchester. VIII. William, born May 27, 1795; died Feb. 12, 1812. IX. Catherine, born July 6, 1799; died Jan. 29, 1801. X. George, born Jan 6, 1802; died Jan. 29, 1806. XI. Catherine, born May 31, 1804; married Thaddeus W. Harris, A.M., M.D., of Dorchester. He was a practising physi¬ cian in Milton, Librarian of Harvard College, and a distin¬ guished Entomologist. MILTON LAWYERS AND PHYSICIANS. 529 DR. JOHN SPRAGUE. He was one of onr earliest physicians. He was the son of Dr. John Sprague, a distinguished physician of Dedham. He graduated at Harvard College in 1772, and studied medicine partly under the direction of his father, but chiefly in Europe. He located in the west part of Milton, and built the house now owned by the heirs of F. A. Eustis. When first built it stood near Canton avenue, but has since been removed to the position now occupied on the hill. From Milton Dr. Sprague removed to Boston, and then to Dedham, where he died, April 17, 1800. DR. BENJAMIN TURNER. He was born in Randolph; graduated at Harvard in 1791. He settled in Milton, and took up the practice made vacant by the removal of Dr. Sprague. He married a daughter of Nathaniel Davenport, and built the house on Canton avenue, now owned by Mrs. Eldridge, nearly opposite the “ Atherton Tavern.” He then removed to Framingham, where he was engaged mostly in agricultural pursuits till his death, which occurred in 1881. DR. JESSE TUCKER. He was the son of Jeremiah and Mary (Wadsworth) Tucker. He was born in Milton, July 17, 1759; graduated at Harvard College in 1778; and studied medicine with his kinsman, Dr. John Warren. He went out as surgeon in Captain Manly’s privateer. When a few days out the vessel was captured, and he was carried a prisoner into Newfoundland, where the yellow-fever was raging; he took the fever, and died in 1799. I find the following reference to Jesse Tucker in the will of his father, Jeremiah, who died while Jesse was in college: — Item. I give to my son Jesse Tucker the sum of Eighty Pounds; twenty pounds of which is to be paid him at the time he takes his first Degree at Colledge, the remaining Sixty Pounds to be paid him in twelve months after ; he to be maintained and continued at Colledge untill he takes his first Degree. All Colledge dues together with his Cloathing and all other necessary Charges untill he has his first Degree to be equally Born & Paid together with the aforesaid Eighty Pounds by my three sons David, Jeremiah, and Isaac. My said son Jesse to be put to such Colledge, and at such time as the Rev. M r . Nathaniel Robbins shall advise to. DR. SAMUEL KINSLEY GLOVER. He was the son of Elijah and Abigail (Kinsley) Glover, born on Milton Hill, June 28, 1758. He entered Harvard Col¬ lege when about eighteen years of age; but during his college 530 HISTORY OF MILTON. course the war broke out, his classical studies were relin¬ quished, and he failed to graduate. Under the instruction of Dr. John Warren he applied himself to the study of medicine, and joined the army in the capacity of surgeon. He was em¬ ployed as surgeon in several vessels of war until 1778. He was then put in charge of a small-pox hospital on Prospect Hill, where the troops of General Burgoyne were stationed as prisoners of war. In 1783 he relinquished military life, and took up his residence in his native town. He built the “ Glover House,” on the northerly slope of Milton Hill, now owned by Captain Faucon, and lived there during the latter period of his life. He was a useful and intelligent citizen, and filled various offices of trust in the town. For twenty-five years he was one of the selectmen, serving as their chairman for nine years. He was the first postmaster of Milton. His death occurred July 1, 1839, at the age of eighty-six years. Further reference is made to Dr. Glover in the chapter on “ Milton Hill,” under the “ Glover Family.” DE. THADDEITS WILLIAM HAEEIS. He was the son of the Rev. Dr. T. M. Harris, of Dorchester. He graduated at Harvard in 1815, and studied medicine with Dr. Holbrook, of Milton, whose daughter he married. Dr. Harris settled in Milton about 1820, where, and in his native town, he continued in practice until 1831, acquiring the reputa¬ tion of an excellent physician as well as of a distinguished naturalist. He was compelled by failing health to relinquish his practice, and accepted the office of librarian to Harvard College, which he filled for twenty-five years with great accept¬ ance ; but, though eminent in medical science as well as in literature, he is better known as the “ Great American Ento¬ mologist.” DE. GEOEGE BAKEE SWIFT. He was horn in Andover, Mass., and graduated at the med¬ ical department at Harvard College in 1830. Soon after he settled in Milton Village, occupying the house next to the rail¬ road depot. He continued here as a practising physician for a few years, and then removed to Amoskeag, N.H. His death occurred in 1872. DE. CHAELES EOLLIN KENNEDY. He was horn in Milton, graduated at Harvard College in 1826, and studied medicine with Dr. Alden in Randolph. He settled in his native town in the Scott’s Woods district, devoting MILTON LAWYERS AND PHYSICIANS. 531 his time to business and to his profession; but, not finding the practice of medicine congenial with his health, he wholly relin¬ quished it for other pursuits. Enfeebled by consumption, he was constrained to seek relief in a warmer climate. He died at St. Augustine, in 1836. He was an excellent citizen, ready for every good work. For four years he was on the School Com¬ mittee. To him belongs the credit and the honor of being the original mover in establishing the Sabbath school of the First Parish, so long and ably supported by Deacon Samuel Adams. DE. JONATHAN "WARE. He was born in Wrentham, Mass., March 8, 1797. During the war of 1812, when about seventeen years of age, he was an assistant of Dr. James Mann, the hospital surgeon of the Northern army, and served several months in the hospital at Burlington, Yt. He received the degree of M.D. from Brown University in September, 1821. Dr. Ware settled in Milton in 1828. In 1831 he married Mary Ann Tileston, the daughter of Edmund Tileston, of Dorchester, one of the origi¬ nal partners of the firm of Tileston & Hollingsworth. He continued to reside in Milton until his death, June 6, 1877. His widow and four children survived him. One of his own profession, who knew him well, says : — Dr. Ware had for many years a large practice in Milton and adjoining towns. He enjoyed the confidence and respect of his patients, and his name is spoken of, by those of them who still live, with affection. In his medical views he was liberal, trusting largely to nature rather than to drugs. Decided in his opinions, he was ready to learn of others. With good common-sense and medical tact. A kind friend and an honest man. DR. SIMEON PALMER. He was born in Boston, 1813 ; entered Yale College, and remained there about two years; graduated from the Harvard Medical School in 1837. Dr. Palmer purchased the “ Nathaniel Tucker ” farm in Scott’s Woods, Milton, and took up his resi¬ dence there. He was a member of the School Committee in 1841, and again in 1850, and continued a useful and honored resident of Milton for about thirty years. Dr. Palmer is a man of extensive reading, of wide information, and of decided opinions. While a resident of Milton he was ready to engage in professional practice, as occasion required, but seemed to be occupied chiefly in literary pursuits and in¬ vestigations. He removed from Milton to Fairhaven, Mass., and thence to Roxbury. 532 HISTORY OF MILTON. DR. JOHN SPARE. He was born in Canton, witbin a mile of Milton line, Nov. 13, 1816; attended the West School in Milton, when taught by “ Master Houghton; ” fitted for college at Randolph and Amherst academies, graduated at Amherst College in 1838, and from the Harvard Medical School in 1842. He commenced practice in East Milton, 1842; in 1845 he removed to Acushnet; thence to East Freetown; and thence to New Bedford, where he now resides. In the civil war he was surgeon of the U.S. Ship “Release,” which sailed, April 23, 1862, on a nine-months cruise to the Mediterranean, and made a second voyage to Cadiz, Spain. Continuing in the service, he was afterwards, on the blockade of Wilmington and Charleston, in the U.S. Steamers “ Mahaska ” and “ Yucca; ” resigned July, 1866. Published, 1864, a treatise on Differential Calculus ; was author of prize essay of the Mas¬ sachusetts Medical Society. Since 1867 he has been sole medical examiner for New Bedford of the JEtna Life Insurance Co. Is a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society and of the American Academy of Medicine. DR. WILLIAM RIMMER. Dr. Rimmer came to East Milton in 1856, and commenced practice as a physician. He lived in the Rand house, now owned by Mrs. Brokenshire, and also in the Stone house, on Granite avenue. He remained in Milton four or five years, and then removed to Chelsea. While a resident of Milton his work as an artist attracted much attention. In later life he attained distinction in painting and sculpture, while his sketches, full of life and true to nature, are much sought for, and are conspicuous in many galleries. He died Aug. 20, 1879, aged sixty-three years six months, and was buried in Milton Cemetery, on Lilac path. His wife, who died July 15, 1885, and four of his children lie in the same lot. His grave is often visited by those who admired his genius. DR. CHRISTOPHER C. HOLMES. One of the most prominent figures in Milton, of recent years, was that of Dr. C. C. Holmes. For more than forty years he was the principal physician of the town; for several years the only one. Of great skill both as a physician and a surgeon, he yet benefited his patients quite as much by his cheerful presence and his words of sympathy and encouragement as by his pro- MILTON LAWYERS AND PHYSICIANS. 533 ishtl . the perforn t any hour. f \. .t nd even i ;t hurry, and t one, carrying and friendly v as a physician l.s a man of al sound, whose ance c ig to one part o neighboring with a friend' lut to WE s bright smil- id not mere! ojnmunity. ment was more sound, whose advi ie opinion had a greater influena 'prises he was a wise counsellor cal matters, especially, his know of great value. Much of the t his busy life he devoted to the t he greater part of his life in* M tished success, the musical serve for many years a member of t He took great interrd) i ; the,welfare or increa th ... few such enterprises v -m.- rig upon the experieie •- imah l sere ishine valued aper. member of one whose as more sought for, •'1 public and social n able director. In i> d cultivated taste v hich he could spare >f sacred music : and directed, with dis- his church. He was ard Musical Associa- lents tending to pro- s of the community; in the town without or the musical taste Chris', < >i iolmes was the V-fte: in Kingston, Mass., so 1 1 of Jedidiah and Priscilla ted for college in ’Hingham, 3, and was graduated in 1837. medicihe with Dr. Nichols, of »iiu v»c*o 6 i W u V uvu. **„m the Harvard Medical School in IS- 10 . After one y arb a as house-surgeon at the Mas¬ sachusetts General Hospital he came to Milton, in April. 1841 . He joined the Independent Corps of Cadets, Sept. 80 , 1844 , and from Aug. 28, 1858, to Jah. 3, 1868, commanded tho corps, with tihe rank of lieutenant-colonel. He died in Milton, July 16 , 1882 , and was buried in the cemetery of the town. A monu¬ ment to his memory was, in 1886,, “erected by the Veteran. Assoeiatioirof the Independent Corps of Cadets.” t)r. Holmes was twice mar ted. His first wife was Elizabeth fylarv Rich, daughter of Benjamin and Susannah Rich. They were married in Boston, in June, 1842. Mrs. Holmes died May 18, I8f}3.. Jan. 8, 1868, Dr. Holmes married Annie Porter SiTJi', rLtughter of Thomas and Deborah Clark (Allen) Hollis tc Tin. 1, 1847, in Milton). Dr. Holmes left three children, Hollis, born 1869; Christopher Wilder, born 1872; MILTON LAWYERS AND PHYSICIANS. 533 fessional services. In the performance of his duty to his patients he was untiring. At any hour, and in all weathers, his well- known figure might be seen, driving to one part or another of our scattered community, and even to neighboring towns; always busy, yet seldom in a hurry, and with a friendly nod and word, if no more, for every one, carrying with him always the sunshine of his bright smile and friendly voice and serene temper. And not merely as a physician was he a valued member of the community. As a man of affairs there was no one whose judgment was more sound, whose advice was more sought for, whose opinion had a greater influence. In all public and social enterprises he was a wise counsellor and an able director. In musical matters, especially, his knowledge and cultivated taste were of great value. Much of the time which he could spare from his busy life he devoted to the study of sacred music; and for the greater part of his life in Milton he directed, with dis¬ tinguished success, the musical services of his church. He was also for many years a member of the Harvard Musical Associa¬ tion. He took great interest in all movements tending to pro¬ mote the welfare or increase the happiness of the community; and few such enterprises were undertaken in the town without calling upon the experience, the judgment, or the musical taste of “ The Doctor.” Christopher Columbus Holmes was born in Kingston, Mass., Sept. 14, 1817. He was the son of Jedidiah and Priscilla (Wilder) Holmes. He was fitted for college in Hingham, entered Harvard College in 1833, and was graduated in 1837. After leaving college he studied medicine with Dr. Nichols, of Kingston, and was graduated from the Harvard Medical School in 1840. After one year’s service as house-surgeon at the Mas¬ sachusetts General Hospital he came to Milton, in April, 1841. He joined the Independent Corps of Cadets, Sept. 30, 1844, and from Aug. 28, 1858, to Jan. 3, 1868, commanded the corps, with the rank of lieutenant-colonel. He died in Milton, July 16, 1882, and was buried in the cemetery of the town. A monu¬ ment to his memory was, in 1886, “erected by the Veteran Association of the Independent Corps of Cadets.” Dr. Holmes was twice married. His first wife was Elizabeth Mary Rich, daughter of Benjamin and Susannah Rich. They were married in Boston, in June, 1842. Mrs. Holmes died May 18, 1863. Jan. 8, 1868, Dr. Holmes married Annie Porter Hollis, daughter of Thomas and Deborah Clark (Allen) Hollis (born Jan. 1, 1847, in Milton). Dr. Holmes left three children, — Annie Hollis, born 1869; Christopher Wilder, born 1872; Elizabeth Rich, born 1876. 534 HISTORY OF MILTON. MILTON PHYSICIANS OF 1887. DR. HENRY P. JAQTJES. He was graduated from the Boston Latin School in 1872, Harvard College in 1876, and Harvard Medical School in 1880. After a year’s service in the Massachusetts General Hospital he passed a year in the hospitals of Vienna. He settled in Milton early in 1882. DR. MATHER YASSAR PIERCE. He graduated at the Boston Latin School in 1873, at Harvard College 1877, and at the Harvard Medical School in 1880. He studied in the hospitals of Vienna, Berlin, and Heidelberg for two years, and took up his residence in Milton in the spring of 1882. DR. WALLACE C. STRATTON. He was graduated from the Medical Department of the Boston University in 1878, and commenced practice in Milton the same year. NOTED MEN AND WOMEN. 535 CHAPTER XYII. NOTED MEN AND WOMEN, AND EARLY FAMILIES. SAMUEL ADAMS. D EACON SAMUEL ADAMS was one of the twenty chil¬ dren of Dr. Samuel Adams, an • eminent physician of Truro and Ipswich, Mass., and Bath, Me. He was born in Ipswich, March 11, 1791; married Miss Mary Ann Bent, of Milton, daughter of Capt. Josiah and Mrs. Susannah Bent, May 10,1815; and died in Milton, Jan. 3,1879. At the age of fifteen Samuel left his home in Bath and entered a store in Boston; he afterwards learned the trade of tin-worker, and at twenty- two started in business for himself. During the war of 1812 he was a member of the “ Rangers,” a celebrated military com¬ pany of Boston, performing garrison duty at Fort Strong, in Boston harbor, for which he afterwards received a pension. In 1820 he went to Chelmsford, Mass., to take the agency of the New England Glass Works; this position he held until the failure of the company some years later. From Chelmsford he came to Milton in 1828, and bought the homestead and bakery of Captain Bent, his father-in-law. Mr. Bent com¬ menced the manufacture of crackers in his own house, built in 1800, and had carried on the business in a small way for twenty-seven years. Preparations were at once made for in¬ creasing the facilities of manufacture; a bakehouse was built, which has been several times enlarged and supplied with additional ovens, as the demand has continued to increase, until the crackers of Bent & Co. are now called for in almost every part of the world. Deacon Adams was a leading citizen of Milton for nearly half a century. At the formation of the Unitarian church, 1834, he was elected deacon, and this office he held for forty- five years, until his death. For twenty years he was superin¬ tendent of the Sabbath school, devoting to this important interest a large amount of time and the intensity of an earnest nature. 586 HISTORY OF MILTON. EEY. ELISHA G. BABCOCK. He was born in Milton, Dec. 1,1799. In early life he learned and followed the business of a cabinet-maker. At the age of nineteen he conceived it to be his duty to relinquish his trade, and seek an education preparatory to the ministry. In July, 1818, he began his classical studies at Milton Academy, aqd entered Amherst College two years later, graduating in 1824 in the first class that left the college. He completed the pre¬ scribed course of professional study at Andover, and commenced preaching in the towns of Abington and Sudbury, Mass., and subsequently at Wiscasset, Me. In the latter place he was invited to settle, and was ordained April, 1829. In June, 1830, he married Miss Eliza Hibbard, of Londonderry, N.H. He received a unanimous invitation to become the pastor of the church in Thetford, Vt., and was installed Feb. 6, 1831, where he remained the earnest and efficient pastor during his life, dying in the service Sept. 21, 1848. REV. JOSIAH BADCOCK. He was the son of Nathan Badcock, born in Milton in 1752. He graduated at Harvard College in 1772, and was settled in the ministry at Andover, N.H., the Rev. Benjamin Wadsworth, of Danvers, preaching the ordination sermon in 1783. He left the active work of the ministry twenty years before his death, and lived quietly on his farm, where he died in 1831. RTTETTS BADCOCK. He was the son of George and Ruth Badcock, born in Milton, July 6, 1755. He graduated at Harvard in 1775, in the class with Edward H. Robbins. He became a teacher, and died in a Southern State, where he was employed in his profession, in 1793. ANN BENT. Ann Bent was the daughter of Rufus Bent and Ann (Mid¬ dleton) McKenzie. Her father, Rufus Bent (born March 10, 1741-2), was the son of Joseph and Martha (Houghton) Bent, who were married in Milton, Feb. 13, 1723-4. Her mother, Ann Middleton (born 1741, died July 31, 1807), was great-granddaughter of Dr. George Middleton, Principal of King’s College, Aberdeen, Scotland, whose grandson, Alex¬ ander Middleton, Jr., came to Boston about 1735, and married NOTED MEN AND WOMEN. 537 Ann Todd, 1 sister to Mrs. James Smith. After their father’s death and their mother’s second marriage, the three daughters of Alexander Middleton lived principally with their aunt and uncle at Brush Hill; and after Mr. Smith’s marriage to Mrs. Campbell a strong friendship sprang up between Mary, Ann, and Prudence Middleton, 2 the nieces of his first 3 wife, and Dorothy and Elizabeth Murray, the nieces of his second wife; a friendship which has been perpetuated through all branches of their descendants. In 1763 Ann Middleton married, in Milton, Andrew Mc¬ Kenzie, of Dorchester, by whom she had a daughter, Ann, born May 3, 1764, who probably died young. Her marriage with Rufus Bent took place 1767; and Ann, the eldest of seven children, two sons and five daughters, was born June 19, 1768. 4 She was early called to aid in the support of the family; and while still quite a child went to live with Madam Price at Hopkinton, for two pistareens a week. Madam Price was very kind to her, and always remained her firm friend. After some years she returned to Milton, and taught school on Milton Hill, in the small school-house which was built in 1793 and burned down Nov. 23, 1846. She lived with Judge Robbins in what was afterwards known as the “ Churchill house,” at the head of Churchill’s lane, and four of his children attended her school: Eliza, Edward, Sarah, and Ann-Jean. In 1795, by the ad¬ vice of Judge Robbins, Miss Bent opened a shop at 56 Marl¬ borough street (afterwards 214 Washington street 5 ), which was in the beginning stocked for her by Messrs. Gregory & Pickard with goods imported by them for her to sell on com¬ mission. At first she and her sister Sarah, who aided her, boarded with Mrs. Thayer (mother of Rev. Dr. Thayer, 6 of Lancaster), in what is now Washington street, opposite Central 1 Alexander Middleton and Ann Todd were published Nov. io, 1735. She married, second, Sept. 28, 1752, David Fick, foreman of Mr. Smith in his sugar refinery; a marriage which was very displeasing to Mr. Smith. 2 Mary Middleton married James Lovell, son of John Lovell, master of the Boston Latin School; an ardent patriot, and member of Congress all through the Revolution. Her only daughter, Mary Lovell, married Mark Pickard, an Englishman, and was the mother of Mrs. Henry Ware, Jr. Prudence Middleton married Dr. Joseph Whipple, surgeon in the State Corps of Artillery, Lieut.-Col. Paul Revere commanding; her four children died unmarried. A fourth daughter, Helen Middleton, died unmarried. s There is a tradition that Mr. Smith was three times married. He was born, son of James and Prudence, June 12, 1689. 4 Rev. J. H. Morison, in the notes to his Centennial sermon, June, 1862, says that Ann Bent’s birthplace was a house that used to stand in a now disused lane leading south from Canton avenue, just east of the Amory place (now Col. H. S. Russell’s). There is an old well at the entrance. s The first number of the shop-door was 214, and that of her house, when she lived over the shop, was 216; but after a fire, in 1837, the shop was placed on the right and became 216, and the house 214. 6 Father of John E. and Nathaniel Thayer, founders of the banking-house which is now Messrs. Kidder, Peabody, & Co. 538 HISTORY OF MILTON. court (probably No. 3 Marlborough street); but later she removed to the house over her shop; and here, until her retirement from business in 1833, and her removal to Canton a year or two before her death, she lived and worked, supporting and assisting her sisters and later her nieces, whom she educated and started in business. Capable, energetic, and business-like, she yet had a warm, generous heart, which made her a blessing to all her friends and acquaintances; and, in such a small community as Boston was then, these included all the people worth knowing: she knew everybody and everybody knew her. Her shop was a kind of ladies’ exchange, where friends could meet by appointment or otherwise, where they were always sure to find the best French and English goods to be had in the town, and where the relation between those be¬ hind and those before the counter was such as would be impos¬ sible now. 1 Miss Bent early became interested in Dr. Channing’s preaching, and was a constant attendant at Federal-street Church during his pastorate and that of the Rev. Dr. Gannett, his successor. The last two years of her life were passed in Canton at the house of her sister, Mrs. Rufus Kinsley, sur¬ rounded by the affectionate care of three generations of rela¬ tives and friends; and she finally passed away, in full possession of her faculties, on the 27th day of February, 1857, aged eighty-eight years, eight months, and eight days. REV. JOSIAH BENT, JR. He was the eldest son of Josiah Bent, of Milton, the origina¬ tor of the Bent Bakery, on Highland street. He was born at 1 Her first assistants in the shop were her sisters Mary and Sarah (Mrs. Charles Barnard) ; then Nancy Pierce (who married Gideon F. Thayer, master of Chauncy Halt School), and Fanny Cushing (who married Dr. Stone, of Greenfield, and was mother of Gen. C. P. Stone). She later took into her family, educated, and started in business, her sisters’ children, Ann M. Allen (Mrs. Nathaniel Tracy) and Mary Bent Kinsley; and later still, Ann Kinsley and Sarah B. Kinsley (who married her cousin, William H. Allen). When Miss Bent retired Miss Ann Allen and William H. Allen continued the business at 216 Washington street; and this shop retained the high character that Miss Bent’s had always had. Mr. Allen remained on the same spot until the great fire of 1872. A niece of Miss Bent said of her: “ The beauty and purity of my aunt’s character no one knows better than myself. I lived in the most intimate relation with her for more than forty years, and I never saw her do or heard her say anything that might not have been said or done before the whole world. In her business relations she was perfection; she was so high-minded and so just to everybody in her dealings and her estimation of character. She was a mother to her sisters and their children, ever thinking of their good.” “ These were the qualities which made steadfast friends of those whose friendship was most to be sought, and formed for her a home in which she was never allowed to feel the loneliness of celibacy or age. The affluent, the educated and refined, valued her society and were among her cherished friends. But there was a nearer circle yet. Children were drawn towards her; and as one generation of those to whom she had been as a mother left her to establish homes of their own, others still younger took their place, and looked up to her with love and reverence.” — Dr. Morison’s Centennial Sermon. NOTED MEN AND WOMEN. 539 the Milton homestead ; graduated at Harvard College in 1822; studied theology at Princeton, and devoted his life to the min¬ istry. He settled in Weymouth, and was ordained pastor of the First Church. In 1834 he was installed as pastor of the church in Falmouth, Cape Cod, and was dismissed in 1837 to take charge of the First Church, of Amherst, Mass., where he died Nov. 19, 1839. His body was brought to Milton for burial, and placed in the Bent tomb. He married Miss Paulena Rice, of Albany, and had six children. WILLIAM DAVIS. William Davis came to Milton when a boy, and learned the trade of leather-dressing in the shops of General Whitney. He was a poor boy when he commenced his apprenticeship, but faithful and trustworthy and careful to save his wages. He acquired a thorough knowledge of the business, and at the end of his service continued with General Whitney as journeyman for several years. We then find him starting the business for himself, which he carried on at different places. Afterwards he came back to Milton and purchased of Maj. Samuel H. Babcock the “ Babcock Farm,” where he set up the “ wool business,” near the old establishments of Caleb Hobart and General Whitney, who evidently looked upon the new enterprise as antagonistic to their own. Mr. Davis entered no rings ; he kept his own counsels, made his own bargains, and moved on in the even tenor of his ways, which seemed always to be in the path of integrity, and, con¬ sequently, of progress and success; and in the end he left an estate larger than the united estates of his Milton competitors. Mr. Davis was a plain man. To a casual acquaintance he seemed distant and morose. But beneath the calm exterior was a warm and tender heart. In a sermon, preached on the Sab¬ bath after his death by the Rev. Dr. Morison, in a brief sentence, the character of our worthy citizen is truly described: “He did good by stealth.” The worthy poor, the dependent, the suffering, found in him a constant friend, and these are the only earthly witnesses of his many acts of benevolence. SAMUEL HENSHAW. He was the son of Samuel, Jr., and Waitstill Henshaw ; was born in Milton, at the Henshaw homestead on Center street and Randolph avenue, 1744. He graduated at Harvard College in 1773, and studied for the ministry, but subsequently relin¬ quished that calling. He married Sarah, daughter of Nathan- 540 HISTORY OF MILTON. iel Swift, in 1777; she died in 1781, and he married a daughter of Rey. John Hunt, of the Old South Church. Mr. Henshaw may justly be ranked among the most energetic and useful citizens of Milton during the revolutionary struggle. He was a member from Milton, with Hon. Edward H. Robbins, of the convention which formed the Constitution of Massachu¬ setts in 1779, and he represented the town at the General Court in 1780. Many of the stirring papers of the times found in our records were the productions of his hand. After the Revolution he removed to Northampton, and was appointed to the office of Judge of Probate for Hampshire County, in which service he continued until his death in 1809. THOMAS HEWES HINCKLEY. Thomas Hewes Hinckley was born in Milton, in the house now owned and occupied by him on Brook Road, Nov. 4, 1818. His early education was received at the schools of his native town. As a child he evinced a love of art. After his father’s death there were found among his private papers two creditable drawings of a pig and dog, marked “ T. H. H., aged 4.” In 1829 he was sent by his father, who was greatly opposed to his following art' as a vocation, to Philadelphia, to engage in mer¬ cantile pursuits. While in that city he came under the instruc¬ tion of Mason, a most conscientious teacher, who held evening classes in drawing at his house. Mason’s methods of instruction were those adopted later by the Lowell Institute, of Boston, and furnished to the boy admirable drill in the study of per¬ spective, light, and shade. This was, in fact, the only instruction he ever received. Returning to Boston, he abandoned, on the death of his father, in 1883, his early occupation, and began his career, first as sign and fancy painter; then essayed portrait¬ ure; and, finally, found his congenial field in animal painting. His first effort in this department, in 1838, was a spaniel painted for, and still in possession of, E. J. Baker, Esq. But his first picture to attract public attention was in 1843, — “A Setter and Pups,” purchased by Lucius Manlius Sargent, Esq. In 1845 he built his studio in Milton, and the same year was invited by Daniel Webster to visit Marshfield, and make draw¬ ings of his famous Ayrshire herd. The sketches of these cattle furnished material for many pictures the following years, most of which were bought by the American Art Union. In 1850 he painted “ The Disputed Game ” and “ The Rabbit-Hunter,” both bought by the American Art Union. The former picture attracted the attention of Jenny Lind, who was then in this NOTED MEN AND WOMEN. 541 country, and who endeavored to purchase it from the Art Union ; the latter was bought by Smith Van Buren at the sale of the closing of the before-mentioned institution. Through the enthusiastic interest of William W. Swain, Esq., of Naushon Island, familiarly known as “ the Governor,” he was given every facility for studying the deer inhabiting that favored spot. Later he continued his studies of the animal in the Adirondack Mountains, and at Moosehead Lake. “ The Sentinel Deer,” painted in 1850, was bought by Governor Swain, and presented to Governor Clifford. In 1851 he visited Europe, to study the works of Landseer and other English and Flemish artists. In 1857 he painted two pictures of dogs and game, which were exhibited in the Royal Academy Exhibition, London, in 1858. In 1870 he visited California, and made studies of the elk. “ The Single Elk,” giving Cape Mendocino and the Pacific Ocean, from Humboldt County, was sold in New York. To the Philadelphia Exhibition of 1876 he sent “ The End of the Chase.” Among other pictures which have attracted attention are, “ The Buck at Bay,” owned by Charles R. Greene, of New York; “The Dead Shot,” bought by Russell Sturgis, of London ; “ Rebel and Tramp,” owned by Henry A. Whitney ; “ The Post-Mortem Examination,” bought by George R. Russell ; “ Bull’s Head,” owned by Smith College, North¬ ampton ; “ The Three Rogues; ” “ Great Expectations,” etc. His pictures are in the galleries of the principal cities of the United States. The scenery of his native town has furnished him abundant material for. his brush. He has followed no artist or school of art; but has endeavored to represent nature as he saw it. The recorded number of pictures he has painted up to 1886 is 478. Of late years he has rarely exhibited in public. CALEB HOBABT. Mr. Hobart came to Milton about 1797, and purchased a tract of land now mostly embraced in the estate of T. Edwin Ruggles. For several years he was engaged largely in business as a butcher, mostly in the mutton trade, employing many hands in marketing. In the war of 1812 wool rose to such a price that the wool of a single skin would nearly pay for the whole animal. He commenced to pull the wool from his own skins, and soon began to buy skins from other butchers, thus establishing a large business for the times. His first place of business was on Canton avenue, near the residence of Mrs. Godfrey; subsequently he removed to the rear of the present Ruggles house, where the business was continued for fifteen 542 HISTORY OF MILTON. years or more. Mr. Hobart was a useful citizen and a good member of society. He left by will to the minister of the First Evangelical Church of Milton the sum of two thousand dollars, the income of which is paid annually to the poor of the town. KEY. CALEB HOBART. He was the son of Caleb Hobart, Sen. He fitted for college at Milton Academy, and prepared himself for the ministry. He was ordained as pastor of the Second Church, North Yarmouth, Me., Dec. 3, 1823, and continued in this, his first and only pas¬ torate, until his death in 1864. He married Miss Hyde, of North Yarmouth. GEORGE HOLLINGSWORTH. George Hollingsworth, born Oct. 17, 1813, died March 20, 1882, was one of the sons of the late Mark Hollingsworth, who was well known as a member of the firm of Tileston & Hollings¬ worth, paper manufacturers, a business still continued under the same style by descendants in the third generation. In the development of the mental faculties of George Hollingsworth an early predominant trait determined his choice of profession as an artist. Keen powers and habits of observation, subordi¬ nate to the discipline of his profession, imparted a clear intel¬ lectual vision and imbued his utterances even in social converse with the charm of originality. To these advantages were added diligent study and enlarged culture in foreign schools, and during his sojourn amid the repositories of European art. The munificent endowment of the Lowell Institute had enabled its trustee, in the eminently wise administration of his trust, to establish, as early as 1850, a department of free instruction in the principles and art of drawing and its kindred utilities. To this school applicants were received as pupils whose good moral character, ability, and skill were accompanied with a taste for drawing and design. Of this school, known as the Lowell Art School, Mr. Hollingsworth was chosen manager and teacher. He entered upon these duties in the maturity of his powers, impressed with a due sense of his responsibilities in these untried relations, of the discouragements attendant upon efforts to keep alive in such rudimentary departments that vitality which consists in sound method, and of the limited scope afforded for the exercise of that freedom which experi¬ ence in more advanced studies was suited to impart. This school was sustained with merited success both in the progress of its pupils and the impulse imparted in the establishment of NOTED MEN AND WOMEN. 543 kindred schools. At the suggestion of Mr. Hollingsworth its privileges were subsequently extended to both sexes and to the lady teachers of the Boston schools; and Mr. William T. Carlton rendered several years of valuable service as Mr. Hollingsworth’s assistant. Of the five thousand pupils in art instruction in the city of Boston thus disciplined under the educational culture and professional endowments of the subject of this sketch dur¬ ing twenty-eight years in his efficient superintendence, many have attained distinguished reputation as sculptors, painters, and teachers. Mr. Hollingsworth was at an early period a member of the Artists’ Association of Boston, which enrolled as associates the names of eminent artists and leading engravers. Hence, the Artists’ Association in primary influence, and the Lowell Art School in more direct and immediate agency, became the germ of the present Art School. The committee of trustees of the existing Museum of Fine Arts, in their recent appeal for a subscription of $300,000 to enlarge their museum, commend its high educational character, its opportunities, and increasing demands, ministering “ not merely to the student and lover of art, but to large numbers hitherto ignorant, yet by no means unsusceptible of artistic teaching.” While Mr. Hollingsworth, in his life-work as an artist, recog¬ nized allegiance to the sway of rigid conventional rules in the realms of art, he took advantage of new opportunities and im¬ proved methods to encourage in his pupils works worthy of intelligent admiration. Nor was he unmindful of the dawn of a new era in the progress of the imitative arts, coordinate with those of the studio, then claiming to assume a rank more exclu¬ sive and aesthetic. The great discovery of Daguerre, and the marvellous adaptability of photography to manifold uses, be¬ came world-wide disseminators of the designs of art and a normal element of culture in the education of the masses. The classic forms and unrivalled designs of the old masters, which enriched the Vatican, the cathedrals,.palaces, and galleries of the Old World; the triumphs of individual genius, of West, Copley, and Leslie; the pictorial records depicted by Trumbull of scenes and events of revolutionary renown ; the national portraits of Stuart; the varied conceptions of Allston, — emerg¬ ing from the silence of their wonted repose to be transposed to an enlarged domain opening to the improvements in pho¬ tography, engraving, and invention, to embellish the volumes of literature and science, assert preeminence as the handmaid of industrial art in a household age, and intromit a renaissance akin to the renovation of Italian art, even as the sun in its 544 HISTORY OF MILTON. course shall ever open on the land of shadows the myriad forms of art on which its rays have rested. The economic advancement of industrial art in the United States, in varied applied arts, to manufactures, in competition with those upon which some branches of European industry depend, is already a topic of discussion in foreign journals. The fine arts, however, under their governmental system of patronage and endowments, must remain the prerogative of European schools. To have served his generation as a co-worker in the application of designs so refined, to utilities so expansive; to have promoted by the free school of his profession the unob¬ trusive beneficence of industrial art; to have maintained the reputation of the good neighbor and exemplary citizen,—is suf¬ ficient tribute to ability and worth. And such was the lot of our departed friend. REV. JOHN HUNT. He was born in Milton, and was the son of John Hunt, who lived in Scott’s Woods, in the house now owned by Edmund J. Baker. He was a brother of Mary Hunt, well known to many of our citizens, who in the last year of her life was blind, and received the sympathy and assistance of her many sincere friends; she died Oct. 9, 1885. Mr. Hunt studied for the ministry, and was for many years settled as pastor of the Baptist Church, Long Meadow, Mass. He and his wife died in September, 1854. WILLIAM SANEORD HUTCHINSON. He was the son of Gov. Thomas Hutchinson. He was born at the Governor’s mansion, on Milton Hill, June 30, 1752, and graduated at Harvard in 1770. When the Governor left his native shores for England, in 1774, he accompanied his father, or soon followed him, and died at Brompton, Feb. 26,1780, a few months before his father. JOHN LILLIE. Maj. John Lillie was born in Boston, July 18, 1752, and married Elizabeth Vose, daughter of Daniel Vose and Elizabeth (Smith) Vose, of Milton. He was a member of Paddock’s Art. Co. before the war ; commissioned 2d Lieut, in Morton’s Co. of Gridle} , ’’s Regt., May 1,1775, and present at the siege of Boston 1st Lieut, in Knox Regt. of Artillery in 1776; Capt.-Lieut. in Crane’s Regt. in 1777 ; commissioned Captain, Nov. 1, 1778 ; Aide-de-Camp to General Knox, May 1, 1782; appointed Cap- . I 544 HISTORY OF MILTON. course shall ever open on the land of shadows the myriad forms of art on which its rays have rested. The economic advancement of industrial art in the United States, in varied applied art-, P. - < ore s, b t remain the pirerog i his generation as a c in6(1} 4-) utilities so. ex dep; Co. before the war ; commissioned 2d Lieut, in Morton s Co. ot. Gridle 3 r ’s Regt., May 1,1775, and present at the siege of Boston 1st Lieut, in Knox Regt. of Artillery in 1776; Capt.-Lieut. in C rane’s Regt. in 1777 i commissioned Captain, Nov. 1, 1778/$ Aide- NOTED MEN AND WOMEN. 545 tain of 2d U.S. Artillery, Feb. 16, 1801, and commanded at West Point at the time of his death, Sept. 22, 1801. In a letter addressed to the Hon. Samuel Smith, member of Congress from Maryland, Major Lillie narrates some incidents of his military experience in the war. This letter first appeared in Bradford’s notices of distinguished men, issued in 1842, and is here reproduced : — I fought with you often in the same field, and bore with you the hard¬ ships and misfortunes which the incidents of war called us to encounter. It was my lot to be sometimes with a gallant regiment from Maryland, com¬ manded by the brave Colonel Smallwood, and to see it wasted away by fatigues and hard fighting in defending the country. Too well and with pain do I recollect many brave officers of that corps falling by our sides ; and it seemed as if we were designated as targets for the enemy to fire at. But, thank Heaven, some of us still live (1799) to repeat the tale of events, and condole with each other on the past catastrophe. If my services in the action on Long Island (1776), and assisting in the retreat from a very for¬ midable British army — if, with six men in a small boat, after the evacua¬ tion of Governor’s Island by our troops, I went over, unspiked some of the cannon, fired on the “Roebuck,” of forty-four guns, obliging her to slip her cables and retire to Staten Island, by which means we went over in the night with a hundred men, and brought off all the guns and stores to New York— if the service performed with two twelve-pounders in cannonading the Rose ship, from an open field, when commanded by Commodore Wallis was of any utility to our cause—if by assisting by two six-pounders in defending Chatterton’s Hill in front of White Plains four hours, in presence of the whole English army, where you acted well your part, and so many brave men of your regiment fell by our side — if on our retreat through the mire of New Jersey, bootless, and with scarcely a shoe, when the soldiers were so disheartened that a whole brigade of militia, to which I was then annexed, deserted me in one night, leaving my artillery without protection, except a small band of veterans, w r hich, with some address, I kept together by my company—if, on that memorable, that most important night for America, when her liberty or bondage was vibrating by a silken thread, I did my duty at the attack of Trenton, that night, which may be almost said sealed the independence of our country — if, in the advance of the army to Princeton, almost barefooted, over frozen ground, where the brave General Mercer fell, a few feet from my side, in the first of the attack — if at Chads- ford, on the Brandywine, I sustained the heat of the action, and brought off my artillery safe — if on that dark dismal night at Paolis with General Wayne and twelve hundred men, three hundred of whom were massacred, at the recollection of which the eye of humanity must ever weep, I sup¬ ported a soldier’s character through the day — if, on that melting Sunday, in addition to my other duties at Monmouth, I took the first prisoner by single combat, a sergeant of grenadiers, with his arms, and brought him to General Lee, from whom we received early information of the enemy’s position and strength — if at the close of eight years’ service, as far as I know my own heart, I sheathed a sword without a tarnish of dishonor, which had been the companion of my toils during that period — if still retaining an inflexible attachment for my country, its constitution and laws, with a desire to defend it when necessary, against all enemies — if there is any merit in these trans¬ actions I would only claim my little share, by having done the duty assigned me on the theatre of the late war. 546 HISTORY OF MILTON. Captain Lillie was presented with a sword by Washington, and also with one by LaFayette, which is in the possession of his grandson, the Hon. Henry L. Pierce. A monument was in 1868 erected to his memory, in the West Point Cemetery, by his grandchildren John and Daniel C. Lillie. REV. JOHN MILLER. He was the son of Samuel Miller, Jr., and Rebecca Minot, born in Milton, at the Miller house, on Adams street, 1733. He graduated at Harvard in 1752, and was ordained to the ministry at Brunswick, Me., in 1762, where he remained for many years. He died in Boston, Jan. 25, 1789, during a tem¬ porary absence from his parish for the benefit of his health. JAMES MURRAY ROBBINS. Nathaniel Robbins and Mary Brazier, his wife, came from Scotland about 1670, and settled in Cambridge, where he died in 1719, aged seventy years. They had eight children. The fifth child, Nathaniel, was born Feb. 28, 1677, and mar¬ ried Hannah Chandler; they moved to Charlestown about 1700, living there thirty years, and then moved to Cambridge, where he died in 1741, aged sixty-four years; his wife died in 1738, aged forty-four years. They had nine children. Thomas Robbins, the third child and the great-grandfather of James M. Robbins, was born Aug. 11,1703, and died in Lex¬ ington June 30, 1791, aged • eighty-eight years. He married, first, Ruth Johnson, who died June 27, 1737, aged thirty-five years; and, second, Exene Jackson. He had thirteen children, six born in Cambridge and seven in Lexington. Rev. Nathaniel Robbins, the second son of Thomas and grand¬ father of James M. Robbins, was born in West Cambridge in 1726. Here he passed his youth and fitted for college. He graduated at Harvard in the class of 1747. He completed his theological studies at Cambridge, under the direction of Rev. Samuel Cook, of his native parish. On the 13th of February, 1751, Nathaniel Robbins, in the twenty-fourth year of his age, was ordained pastor of the Church of Milton, and died among the people of his first and only charge, May 19, 1795, aged sixty-nine years, after a pastorate of nearly forty-five years. In 1775 he married Elizabeth, youngest daughter of Hon. Edward Hutchinson, of Boston, brother of Gov. Thomas Hutchinson’s father. Her father for many years was Judge of Probate for Suffolk County, and was treasurer of Harvard College from 1726 until his death in 1752. NOTED MEN AND WOMEN 547 Mr. Robbins bad two sons and one daughter. The daughter died Aug. 31, 1786, unmarried, at the age of twenty-seven years. His youngest son, Nathaniel Johnson, was a graduate of Harvard in 1784, and died May 7, 1799, aged thirty-three years. The wife of Mr. Robbins and the companion of his labors died May 2, 1793, aged sixty-two years. His life in Milton is fully related under “ Ministers of Milton.” Lieut.-Gov. Edward Hutchinson Robbins, the eldest son of Rev. Nathaniel, and father of James M., was born in Milton, 1757; graduated at Harvard in 1775, and died Dec. 29, 1829. He rose to distinction at the bar, but was chiefly engaged in the service of the State. More particular reference is made to him under “ Lawyers of Milton.” James Murray Robbins was born June 30, 1796, at the “ Churchill house,” on Milton hill, then owned by his father. He attended school for years at Milton Academy, which his father was mainly instrumental in establishing, and of which he was the only president, through a period of thirty-two years, till his death. To this office James M. Robbins was elected in 1840, and he continued to hold the same until liis resignation, by reason of feeble health, in 1884. At the age of fifteen he entered the counting-room of Messrs. James and Thomas H. Perkins, of Boston, and acquired a knowledge of mercantile pursuits. For two years he made voyages as supercargo to the West Indies and the Baltic in their employ. Subsequently he engaged with his brother, Dr. Edward H. Robbins, in the manufacture and sale of woollens; and for a year and a half he was employed by the woollen- dealers of New England as their agent for the purchase of wool in Germany. In the year 1814 he was connected with the American Con¬ sulate at Hamburg, Germany, as deputy; on one occasion sign¬ ing a passport for our former citizen, the late Charles R. Dagen. In his official capacity at Hamburg, acting in the absence of his superior, Hon. John Murray Forbes, and when but nineteen years of age, he represented the United States, with the invited delegates of all foreign governments, at the civic banquet given to Prince Bliicher and his victorious troops; on their return from Waterloo. While on his way to Germany he was captured by a British cruiser and taken into Southampton, but was released on ac¬ count of his youth. When quite a young man he rode on horseback through the whole of Dorsetshire, exploring the old town of Dorchester and other homes of our first settlers. Here, perhaps, began that 548 HISTORY OF MILTON. taste for antiquarian research which was continued through life, until his mind became a storehouse of the garnered treasures of other days and other men. He was the author of the first six chapters of the “ History of Dorchester.” He was the chosen orator at the bi-centennial celebration of Milton, 1862, furnish¬ ing material in the address then delivered which will ever remain the substratum of Milton history. In 1884 he was ap¬ pointed by the town one of a committee to write and publish the history of Milton. Since that time this work has been in progress, and before the prostration of his powers all the man¬ uscript prepared passed under his inspection and received his approval. The general plan of the work is in accordance with his suggestions, but its completion, we deeply regret, he is not spared to join in. Mr. Robbins filled several offices of trust connected with the State, and often served on important committees in the town. He represented the town at the General Court in 1837 and 1860; he was chosen State senator for this district in 1842. At the opening of Milton Public Library in 1871 Mr. Robbins was chosen president of the Board of Trustees, which office he re¬ tained by annual reelection till his death. Although not so much in public life as his immediate ancestors, he had a work to perform, which was done in a quiet way. He was always approachable to those needing advice and assistance, and his wise counsel and helpful words and deeds have lifted many a heavy burden. He was loyal to his native town, and interested in all things touch¬ ing the welfare of his fellow-citizens. Good judgment and a somewhat conservative view of men and things led him to oppose extravagant notions and thoughtless expenditure. But his advice was sought and accepted by the town in all matters of general interest. Mr. Robbins married Frances Mary Harris Oct. 7,1835. She died Feb. 20, 1870. She was an excellent woman, of earnest purpose and life. The following obituary notice of Mrs. Robbins is from the pen of Wendell Phillips: — Frances Mary Robbins, wife of Hon. James M. Robbins, of Milton, Mass., was one of our former co-workers in the anti-slavery cause, and one of the earliest of the slave’s friends. Her interest in this and kindred reforms sprung from the noblest motives and moulded to higher pur¬ pose what was always an earnest life. Faithful in every relation, she was especially self-sacrificing in her labors with the Church; while feai'ing God, she feared not the face of man. Though priest and people were not waked to Christian life by her appeals, they were stirred to profound rev¬ erence for a true woman, and for a zeaious, outspoken life whose real influence other eyes than man’s alone can measure. NOTED MEN AND WOMEN. 549 Mr. Robbins died Monday, Nov. 2, 1885, at the ripe age of eighty-nine years and four months, being the last of his genera¬ tion. His funeral occurred on the following Wednesday at the homestead on Brush Hill. This last service was attended by a large concourse of kindred and townsmen, the aged and the young, “ sorrowing most of all that they should see his face no more.” As the procession moved along, the church bells tolled a parting knell, and the remains of our beloved and honored citizen were deposited with his kindred, till the “ voice of the archangel and the trump of God.” JONATHAN RUSSELL, LL.D. Jonathan Russell was son of Thomas Russell, born in Provi¬ dence, R.I., 1771; graduated at Brown University, 1791, with the highest honors of his -class, and died at Milton, Mass., Feb. 16,1832. Educated in the legal profession, and admitted to the bar, he early embarked in commercial pursuits, and was subse¬ quently prominent in political affairs. Consul to France in the time of Napoleon Bonaparte; during several years minister- plenipotentiary at Stockholm, and one of the five commissioners who negotiated the treaty of Ghent, 1 in 1814. His ability and endowments found signal occasion for exercise in his diplomatic correspondence while in Paris, London, and Stockholm. The commissioners to treat for peace, in accordance with the con¬ current action of the Senate in January, 1814, were Albert Gallatin, James A. Bayard, John Quincy Adams, Jonathan Rus¬ sell, and Henry Clay. Of these, Clay and Russell sailed from New York on their mission on 23d February, with instructions to insist upon a cessation, on the part of the British, of the degrading practices of search and impressment of seamen. Although the treaty of peace did not secure to the Americans that immunity from search and impressment which they sought, and not all the concessions which the administration had hoped to attain, yet it brought with it the boon of peace and many public advantages, — advantages to be derived from its provi¬ sions for final settlement of boundaries, the exclusive right to the navigation of the Mississippi river, while it curtailed some important privileges which the mariners of New England 1 At the negotiation of the treaty of Ghent, a proviso was agreed upon that all vessels and places taken after that date should he given up. One of the English commissioners remarked: “ Then we shall have to surrender New Orleans to you.” Jonathan Russell is said to have replied, “ You have not yet got it.” — “ Well,” responded the commissioner, “ with such a force as we have sent there, and with so small a force as you have to oppose us, it is almost certain that we have taken it, — why do you think otherwise ? ”—“ Because General Jackson is there,” was the reply. 550 HISTORY OF MILTON. had heretofore enjoyed on the shores of the Gulf of St. Law¬ rence. It subserved the interests of humanity in securing the cooper¬ ation of the two nations in efforts to suppress the inhuman traffic in slaves. The military operations had disturbed, in a degree, our rela¬ tions with Canada, and the treaty tended to a permanent recog¬ nition of our national independence and the guaranty of our free institutions. During the period of Mr. Russell’s agency in our foreign affairs, the unsettled condition which prevailed in regard to European policy was attended with extraordinary trials and discouragement in the conduct of our national affairs, and devolved unusual responsibilities upon our ministers and com¬ missioners at foreign courts. Mr. Russell was Minister to Sweden and Norway, January 18, 1814—October 16, 1818. On his return to this country he settled at Mendon, Mass., and was a representative from Massachusetts, in the seventeenth Congress as a Democrat, defeating Benjamin Adams, Federalist, serving from Dec. 3, 1821, to March 3,1823. He filled other high and responsible stations, and performed their duties with marked ability. He was well versed in political science, and a vigorous, versatile, and graceful writer in his stjde of composi¬ tion ; but his tastes inclined to political affairs, and he left few records of his varied intellectual gifts other than such as are found in his diplomatic correspondence. He pronounced an oration in the Baptist meeting-house in Providence, R.I., on the anniversary of American Independence, 4th July, 1800, which had the rare fortune of reaching more than twenty edi¬ tions. The late George R. Russell, of Roxbury, also distin¬ guished for his talents, was his son. Members of the family are resident at the “ Governor Hutchinson place,” Milton Hill, a place which has long been noted for the residence of families of local distinction or renown. ANNA STONE. Anna Stone, long known in the musical world as the dis¬ tinguished singer, was the daughter of Joshua Stone and Ruth Shaw Sumner. Her father was engaged with Lewis and Alpheus Babcock in the piano business, from its first start in Milton. Her mother was the daughter of David Sumner, who lived in Canton avenue, in the west part of the town. She was brought up and nurtured in the very atmosphere of music. For thirteen NOTED MEN AND WOMEN. 551 years her mother, also a noted singer, was engaged at Dr. Chan- ning’s church, in Boston, while her father was organist at the same church. From such a parentage, and with such surround¬ ings, the child inherited a taste for music, and grew up a natural singer. When only two years old she surprised her parents and friends by her opening powers of voice and melody. This con¬ tinued to develop in the progress of years under constant cult¬ ure, until the rich and fully-matured voice charmed the musical gatherings, twenty, thirty, and forty years ago. For a score of years she sang with the Handel and Haydn Society. She was the leading singer at the Trinity Church, gratefully remembered by many worshippers there. The citi¬ zens of Milton, who have in former years enjoyed her musical powers, are glad to recognize her connection by parentage with this town. REV. EBEHEZER TUCKER. He was the son of Ebenezer and Mary Tucker; born in Milton, 1763; graduated at Harvard College, 1783; and died at the home of his son-in-law, Timothy Tucker, Jan. 14,1848, aged eighty-five years. He was buried in Heath. .He was a minister in Gerry, now Phillipston, till his failing health obliged him to relinquish his profession. After residing elsewhere for nearly sixty years he returned to his native place to spend his last days with his daughter. REV. ELIJAH W. TUCKER. He was the son of Atherton and Joanne Tucker; horn in Dorchester. When ten years of age his father moved to Milton, to the house of his brother, now owned by John Welch, near Bobbins street. He learned of his brother William the trade of a chaise-maker, but soon decided to devote himself to the ministry, with the foreign mission work in view. He gradu¬ ated at Brown University, studied theology at Andover, and was ordained at New Market, N.H. From there he went to Chatham, on the Cape, and then to Northfield, Conn., where he died in August, 1866. REV. JOSIAH TUCKER. He was born in Milton, June 4, 1791, and. was the son of Samuel Tucker the third, and descendant, in the sixth gener¬ ation, from Robert Tucker, of Weymouth, 1639, and Milton, 1662. He married Esther Wadsworth, of Milton. He entered 552 HISTORY OF MILTON. the Theological Seminary at Andover at the age of twenty- eight, and on the completion of his studies, in the service of the Maine Missionary Society, he commenced preaching in the town of Madison. Here, by persistent and self-denying labor, he succeeded in establishing a church, over which he was settled as pastor May 10, 1826. He remained at Madison about sixteen years, and then removed to Bingham. Subsequently he labored in North Orange, Mass., where he formed a church and became its pastor. In 1844 he resumed his chosen mission¬ ary work in Maine, and continued in this work until his mental powers began to fail. In 1852 he removed with his family to Taunton, Mass., where he died Sept. 9, 1856. He was of a sanguine, ardent temperament, full of love and zeal, and eminently successful in the fields of labor which he occupied. It was the original purpose and the sanguine hope of Mr. Tucker to become a missionary to the Sandwich Islands; circumstances afterwards caused him to change his purpose. One of his sons is now established as physician at Honolulu. HON. ROGER VOSE. He was the son of Robert Yose, of Milton; born in 1763. He graduated at Harvard College in 1790, in the class with Josiah Quincy. He applied himself to the study of law, and attained distinction at the bar. His professional life was passed at Walpole, N.H., where he died, in 1841, aged seventy- eight years. He was a member of the national Congress from his district in New Hampshire for two terms. MRS. A. D. T. WHITNEY. In order to place on our Milton annals a truthful sketch of the life and works of our most respected and honored friend and authoress, Mrs. Whitney, a note of inquiry was addressed to her, which, by good fortune, secured from her graceful pen the following bit of autobiography, here inserted without change:— Wilton, N.H., October 15, 1886. Dear Dr. Teele, — My daughter has just written me that several weeks ago you gave her a message for me, requesting some outline of my Milton life. As this includes all my mature years, and my work in them, I sup¬ pose I am fairly a Miltonian, though born and educated in Boston. NOTED MEN AND WOMEN. 558 I certainly feel honored by your intent to mention me in your Milton Annals; but as my history is simply that of my book-writing, and the man¬ agement of my household, the materials are easily summed up in such few details as have already appeared in certain biographical and literary dic¬ tionaries. I came to Milton as the wife of Mr. Whitney, in 1843, being then nine¬ teen years old. Within the year previous my father, Mr. Enoch Train, had built a house in Dorchester for a summer home, but which became, eventu¬ ally, his permanent residence. An illness which he suffered in the earlier part of the first winter, that of 42-3, kept us out of town, and brought us more fully into the neighboring society, of which the result was my acquaintance with the Whitney family, and my marriage the next Novem¬ ber. In the first year of our marriage Mr. Whitney built the house now occupied by Mr. Samuel Gannett, at the junction of Canton and Randolph avenues, and my father fitted it up for our home. We lived there seventeen years, and our four children, of whom one died in infancy, were born there. In 1860 Mr. Whitney bought the house we now live in from Mr. Charles Barnard, and had it removed from the head of Vose’s lane, to where it now stands, on Canton avenue. When it was ready for occupancy we decided to use it for ourselves, and so came to Milton Centre, which has been our home for twenty-five years, although for long times together we have been absent, since our children married and went elsewhere. All my book-work, except the first little venture, in publication of “ Mother Goose for Grown Folks,” has been done at what we call “ Elm Corner,” or since we came here; and here have centred all my busiest and most absorbing cares and interests. I sometimes say that my life has had two distinct periods or histories, that with my family of children, and that with my family of books ; but they are pretty well mingled, and identical, after all. I did not give my time to book-making until my youngest child was about eight years old; and then I came into it gradually, led by circum¬ stances, and the encouragement received. After “Mother Goose” came out, I was urged by my publisher to write a story, and “ Boys of Chequas- set” followed; a six weeks’ chronicle, based on what my own boy furnished me with, in his first pursuit of ornithology, in the collecting and study of birds’ eggs. Then, at further solicitation, I wrote “Faith Gartney, ’ and found myself fairly embarked. The “Gayworthys” came next, and was published, and well received in England, where all my subsequent books have likewise been brought out, simultaneously with their issue in this country. I should except in this statement the smaller volumes of poems, etc., “ A Summer in Leslie Goldthwaite’s Life” ; “ Patience Strong’s Out¬ ings ” ; “We Girls ” ; “ Hitherto ” ; “Real Folks ”; “ Other Girls ” ; “ Sights and Insights ” ; “ Odd or Even ” ; “ Bonnyborough ” ; with “ Pan¬ sies,” a volume of verse; “ Just How,” a key to the cook book; “ Home- spun Yarns”; and “Holy Tides,” a volume of religious poems for the seven seasons of the Christian year, complete the list, I believe, as it now stands. I have in press another little book of verse, “Daffodils,” a com¬ panion and supplement to “ Pansies.” I do not know whether these details are precisely what you want, but I have stated them in their order, that you may make any reference you please with due understanding. More personal matters, as you are not writing biographies, you do not want. I am, with most cordial esteem and regard, Yours truly, Adeline D. T. Whitney. 554 HISTORY OF MILTON. MOSES WHITNEY. Moses Whitney was born in Spring street, West Roxbury, on the 20th of January, 1775. He was the youngest of the six children of Jacob Whitney and Rachel Whiting, daughter of Nathaniel Whiting, of the same place. In 1787 he went to Blue Hill, Milton, to learn the leather business. He married, April 14, 1797, Miss Rebecca Dunbar, of Milton; and, second, about 1825, Mrs. Mary Kittredge, widow of Dr. Thomas Kit- tredue, of Gloucester ; she outlived him several years, dyinff in Milton, 1865. He commenced business in 1796, moved to Dorchester in 1797, and removed to Milton in 1805. He purchased the “ Rising Sun ” estate in 1806, and the Nancy Paine estate in 1809, extending from the Old Plymouth road to the Neponset river. He enlarged the wharf and built a tan-house in 1810. In 1819 he built the Whitney house, on Milton Hill, and pur¬ chased Swift’s wharf, at the same time in part filling up the dock between the wharves. After this the lumber and wool business was carried on extensively by him for twenty years. He was in active business for sixty-three years, not including his apprenticeship. He was appointed postmaster in Milton, 1805, resigned, 1816; captain of militia, 1816; colonel, 1821. He was afterwards brigadier-general of first brigade, first divi¬ sion, Massachusetts militia. He died in his house, on Milton Hill, Dec. 23, 1859; on the 20th of the following January he would have been eighty-five years old. EARLY FAMILIES. ADAMS FAMILY. Henry Adams, the ancestor of a numerous family in this country, came to Mt. Wollaston, now Quincy, but originally a part of Boston. He was accompanied to New England by eight sons: Henry (born 1604), Samuel, Thomas, Peter, Edward, Jonathan, John, and Joseph (born 1626). Edward, Jonathan, Peter, and Henry settled in Medfield, Mass. Samuel and another brother went to Chelmsford, and one returned to Eng¬ land. Joseph remained at Braintree. From Joseph, the youngest son of Henry Adams, senior, sprang Samuel Adams, the distinguished patriot of revolution¬ ary times; also, President John Adams, President John Quincy Adams, and their distinguished posterity. EARLY FAMILIES. 555 From Edward, the fifth son of Henry Adams, senior, sprang the early Adams family of Milton. Edward Adams emigrated to New England with his father and brothers. He was born in England in 1620. He was an ensign in the early wars, and died in 1705; his wife, Lydia, died in 1706. Edward and Lydia had the following children: — 1. Lydia, b. July 12, 1653. 2. Jonathan, b. April 4, 1655. 3. John, b. Feb. 8, 1657. 4. Eliashab, b. Feb. 18, 1659. 5. Sarah, b. March 29, 1660. 6. James, b. Jan. 4, 1662. 7. Henry, b. Oct. 29, 1663. 8. Mehitable, b. March 20, 1665. 9. Elisha, b. Aug. 25, 1666. 10. Edward, b. June 28, 1668. 11. Bethia, b. April 12, 1671. Died. 12. Bethia, b. Aug. 18, 1672. 13. Abigail, b. June 26, 1674. 14. Miriam, b. Feb. 26, 1675. John Adams, the second son of Edward, was born in Brain¬ tree Feb. 8, 1657. He removed to, and settled as a farmer in, Medfield. He had the following children: — 1 . Thomas. 4. Abraham. 7. Eleazer. 2. Jeremiah. 5. John. 8. Daniel. 3. Phineas. 6. Edward, b. 1683. 9. Obediah. Edward, the sixth son of John Adams, was born in Medfield in 1688; he removed to Milton, and married Rachel Saunders, of Braintree, Sept. 11, 1706; his wife, Rachel, died Nov. 14, 1727, and he married Sarah Brackett Feb. 5, 1729. Children of Edward and Rachel Adams : — 1. Edward, died in infancy. 2. John, b. Feb. 26, 1709. 3. Rachel, b. June 17, 1711. 4. Seth, b. Sept. 30,1713. 5. Nathan, b. March 28, 1716. 6. Samuel, b. March 5,1718 ; d. April 10, 1718. 7. Patience, b. Aug. 7, 1720 ; d. Aug. 20, 1720. John, the second son of Edward and Rachel Adams, was born in Milton Feb. 26, 1709, and married Sarah Swift May 18, 1730. She was the daughter of Col. Samuel Swift, of Milton. Their children were : — Samuel, b. Jan. 26, 1731; d. Feb. 18, 1731. Rachel, b. Feb. 18, 1732. -tt.uure w, > Anna, b. May 20, 1737. Seth, b. Dec. 3, 1740. Eliphalet, b. Feb. 23, 1743; d. Feb. 5, 1748. Judith, b. Nov. 24, 1746. Lemuel, b. Dec. 1, 1748. Sarah, b. March 31,1752 ; d. Jan. 26, 1766. Mary, b. Dec. 21, 1753. 1 Andrew, the fourth child of John, married Ruth Wadsworth, of Milton, and settled, first, in Milton, and then in Pelham, N.H. “In Lancaster, N.H., 14th April, 1833, died Andrew Adams, Esq., aged 98 years; an officer of the Revolution; formerly of Milton, Mass. Mr. Adams held a commission under George III., dated 1761, Coroner for the County of Suffolk in our Province of Massachusetts Bay.” — Norfolk Advertiser, May 4, 1833. 556 HISTORY OF MILTON. Lemuel, the ninth child of John and Sarah Adams, was born in Milton Dec. 1, 1748, and married Hannah White, of Wey¬ mouth, June 6, 1776. He was deacon of the Milton Church, and lived through his whole life in the house built and occupied by his grandfather, Edward, and his father, John, and died there Dec. 8, 1833, aged eighty-five years. In his will the homestead in Milton was devised to his son Charles. His wife, Hannah, died in Milton Nov. 1, 1834, aged eighty years. Their children were : — 1. Hannah, b. April 1, 1777; m. E. Davenport, of Milton; d. Sept. 23, 1804. 2. James, b. Nov. 8, 1778; d. June 24, 1856. 3. John, b. Dec. 1, 1780; d. 1854. 4. Lemuel, b. March 16, 1783; d. Jan. 25, 1796. Charles Adams, son of Lemuel and Hannah, was born Sept. 21, 1787, at Milton, in the house occupied by his great-grand¬ father, his grandfather, and his father. He married Sarah Wheeler, of Thomaston, Me., May 7, 1812, and died Sept. 20, 1839. He was buried in a new tomb built for him in the Mil- ton burial-ground, into which were also removed, at the same time, the bodies of his two children, Sarah Ann and Albert. His wife, Sarah, died Oct. 16, 1856, aged sixty-nine years and seven months. Their children were : —- 1. Charles Berry Franklin, b. Feb. 11, 1813; d. Sept. 17, 1873. 2. Sarah Ann, b. Oct. 27, 1814; d. May 21, 1837. 3. George Washington, b. Feb. 10, 1817. 4. Albert, b. Aug, 21, 1820, d. July 12, 1821. The only male members of this line of the Adams family now living in Milton are Edward H. Adams, the son of James, who was the eldest son of Lemuel; and Charles H. Adams, nephew of Edward H. j§ Deacon Samuel Adams, the long-honored and respected citi¬ zen of Milton, was also of the lineage of the first Henry Adams of Wollaston, but through his son Henry, and John, the son of the second Henry, then John, the son of John, and Captain Michael, son of the second John, whose son, Dr. Samuel Adams, the father of Deacon Samuel, of Milton, was born in. Killingly, Conn., Jan. 28, 1745. Deacon Adams was born in Ipswich, Mass., March 11, 1791, and died in Milton Jan. 3, 1879. 5. Seth, b. Aug. 10, 1784; d. Jan. 26, 1796. 6. Charles, b. Sept. 21, 1787; d. Sept. 20, 1839. 7. Jonathan, b. Jan. 30, 1790. 8. Seth, b. Nov. 3, 1798. EARLY FAMILIES . 557 BLAKE FAMILY. William Blake, the son of Giles and Dorothy (Twedy) Blake, of Little Baddow, Essex, England, emigrated to America in 1630, with his wife Agnes and five children,—four sons and one daughter. They came in the ship “ Mary and John,” Captain Squeb, arriving at Nantasket May 80, 1630, and with the com¬ pany settled in Dorchester. Their children were : — William, b. 1620 ; d. in Milton, 1703. James, b. 1623; m. Elizabeth Clap. Edward, b. about 1625 ; died in Milton, 1692. John, b.-; died in Boston, 1688. An n, b.-; m. Jacob Legare, of Boston. By the allotment of the territory belonging to Dorchester south of the Neponset, called the Sixth Division, in 1660, William Blake, Sr., became the proprietor of Lot No. 43, and William Blake, Jr., of Lot No. 20, the latter reaching from Can¬ ton avenue over Brush Hill to the river. Soon after incorpora¬ tion, and perhaps before, William Blake, Jr., became a resident of the town. “Sergeant Blake,” supposed to be the said William, Jr., was one of the first board of selectmen in 1668; he filled the same office in 1671 and 1690. He was Milton’s deputy to the “Great and General Court” in 1680, 1683, 1690, and 1697. He was evidently an active and useful citizen through the first forty years of the town’s existence, dying here in 1703. ABSTKACT OF THE WILL OF WILLIAM BLAKE OF MILTON. My wife to have the use of the Chamber in the new End of my house so long as she continues my Widow & dwell in the same and no longer, she shall not sett or hire out’the same. Also to have the wood that grows upon one acre of Land between George Lyons and Deacon Sumner’s at the upper end of the Lott next the plaine. I give unto my son Samuel Blake a piece of land about One hundred acres, more or less, lying in Dorchester, near the house of Eben r Billings. I give unto my two sons Nathaniel Blake and Edward Blake all Lands whatever in Milton or Dorchester, (except the 100 acres above,) and all my movables within doors and without, also Nathaniel & Edward to be Executors, & they shall pay unto my Doughters, in good pay, to my Dau. Ann Gilbert Five & twenty pounds—to Mary Willis Twenty five pounds—to Experience Carter Fifteen pounds — and to Mehettable Briggs Twenty pounds. The children mentioned in the above will are found in the Dorchester Record of Births, except Mehettable, who was born after Milton was set off from Dorchester. Edward Blake, the third son of William and Agnes, is first 558 HISTORY OF MILTON. mentioned in the Dorchester Records in 1652, credited with “ a load of wood for ould Barthol.” In 1656 he was appointed a fence-viewer. Widow Jane Pope calls him her son-in-law in her will bequeathing property to her daughter, Patience Blake (plainly his wife), and to her three children, Mary, Sarah, and Jane. After administering on the will of his mother-in-law, he removed to Boston, where we find him admitted an inhabitant “ the 27 of the 2d month 1657,” his brother John going the bond required in the case. Henceforward the births of his children are recorded in Boston. * Jane, of Edward and Patience Blake, b. Sept. 29, 1658. Susanna, “ “ “ b. July 21, 1661. Abigail, “ “ “ b. ISTov. 10, 1663. Edward, “ “ “ b. Oct. 16, 1666. Mercy, “ “ “ b. March 26, 1670. The Boston Records show him to be a cooper, and in 1670 licensed “ to keep hous of publique entertainment.” The Dor¬ chester Church Records then furnish the following brief com¬ mentary on his family history in the list of baptisms: — Jonathan, son of Edward Blake 7:5:72, his father being formerly a member of this church, and after joyned to y e second church in Boston & now dwelling in Melton. The Dorchester Death Records also contain one item: — Edward the son of Edward Blake died September 30th 1676. Two years later Edward Blake was one of the seven brethren who united in forming the Milton Church. His will, dated August 31, 1692, speaks of his eldest son, Jonathan, “who hath been a long time lame;” his son Solo¬ mon, born in Milton ; five daughters, “ Mary Picher,” “ Sarah Talley,” “Jane Kelton,” “Susanna Wales,” and “Abigail Blake ; ” also his two sons-in-law, Richard Talley and Nathaniel Wales, whom he appointed his executors. Some years later the Suffolk files show us a deed, dated Dec. 6, 1720, which traces two of these children: — Jonathan Blake cordwainer, and Solomon Blake cooper of Boston, with their wives Elizabeth and Abigail convey lands inherited from their grand¬ father William Blake late of Dorchester deceased. We are thus able to identify the personnel of the following item in Boston Records : — EARLY FAMILIES. 559 Jonathan Blake and Elizabeth Candage were married by Mr. Cotton Mather Feb. 16, 1699. Edward Blake became a citizen of Milton before 1672, and was contemporary with his brother William. He died in Milton, 1692. We find him on the Board of Selectmen in 1678. In the formation of the Milton Church, April 24,1678, he united from the Second Church of Boston, and William from the Church of Dorchester. These two brothers were co-workers in the town and church two hundred years ago, and through the last quarter of the seventeenth century. Peter Thacher found them earnest workers and noble Christian men, always ready to support him in his great work. He refers to them many times in his journal. June 28, 1680. This morning Goodman Tucker the two Blakes, Mr. Holman Goodman Sumner Tho s Swift and another of the church came to give me thanks for my labors and to request me to settle amongst them. September 11 th Mr Lawthrope came thither to see us this morning, we came to the ministerial house, the two Blakes lodged there all night to secure the goods, divers hands came to help us. Nov 5 1683. We chose William Blake Deputy. The homestead of the Blakes was on the north side of Brush Hill Road, north-east of the estate of Deacon Amariah and Nathan Tucker, standing higher on the hill, near the house of Mr. White. The house of Edward Blake, afterwards occupied by Ziba, disappeared many years ago. The family was repre¬ sented here for nearly a hundred and fifty years, and held real estate in almost every section of the town. Ziba Blake was collector of the town in 1778. Amariah was town-clerk, 1768-- 85; town-treasurer, 1775; and collector, 1779. He died May 19, 1792, aged sixty years. CLAPP FAMILY. In the year 1680 Roger Clapp came from England in the ship “ Mary and John,” and settled in Dorchester. He was a man of great energy of character and rare ability. For sixty years he was almost constantly engaged in the civil, military, and ecclesiastical matters of his town and of the province. In 1635 he was followed by his elder brother Edward and his cousins Nicholas and Thomas, who also settled in Dorchester. Thomas removed to Scituate, and was the progenitor of the Clapp family in that town. Edward Clapp was selectman in Dorchester for many years, and also deacon of the church for more than a quarter of a 560 HISTORY OF MILTON. century. In the church records is the following notice of his death: — The 8th day of the 11th mo. 1664 being the Sabbath day Deacon Edward Clapp departed this life and now resteth with the Lord, there to spend an eternal Sabbath with God and Christ in Heaven after that he had faithfully served in the office of a Deacon for the space of about five or six and twenty years. Edward Clapp owned land in Milton, which at his decease de¬ scended to his eldest son, Ezra. Ezra Clapp was born May 22, 1640; he removed to Milton as early as 1667, and married Abigail Pond, of this town. He lived in the Pond house, which was next to the house of Rev. Peter Thacher, and thus he be¬ came the true and loving neighbor and friend of his pastor. About 1712 he erected a corn-mill on the Neponset at Matta- pan. By his first wife he had seven children. Mary married Nathaniel Pitcher of Milton, and lived in the old Academy house. Edward went to Canada in the disastrous expedition of Sir William Phipps, and never returned. There was no knowledge of his fate. Twenty-seven years later his father left by will a portion of his estate to his son Edward, “ if he ever returned.” Ezra died in Dorchester. Abigail married Mr. King. Sarah married John Yose, of Milton. Judith married Joseph Tucker. Elizabeth married John Rice, Jr., of Sudbury. Abigail, wife of Ezra, died Oct. 12, 1682. He married again, May 22, 1684, Experience Houghton, and had seven children. William died young; Jane married Eben¬ ezer Tucker; Nehemiah, Ezra, Ebenezer; Hester married James Endicott, of Dorchester; Susanna married George Sum¬ ner, of Milton. Ezra Clapp, of Milton, died Jan. 23, 1717. Nehemiah seems to have been the only son of Ezra, who passed his life in Milton. He married Lydia Tucker, of Milton, Aug. 16, 1716. He was for many years deacon of the Milton Church, and died July 18, 1748. His children were, 1st, Hannah, who married Stephen Badlam; 2d, Stephen, b. April 17, 1724, m. Mary -; he lived in Milton and died here; 3d, Nehemiah, — he had two sons who died in early life, and a daughter, who mar¬ ried Ebenezer Swift; also a son Joseph, born June 7, 1726. Nehemiah was deacon of the Milton Church, and resided here till about fifty-five years of age, when he removed to Sterling. When in Milton he occupied the house on Brook Road now owned by J. H. Dudley, Jr. He died Jan. 30, 1799, aged seventy-three years. Nehemiah had nine children. EARLY FAMILIES. 561 Rachel married Stephen Babcock, of Milton; Nehemiah married Jerusha Yose, of Milton, and removed with his father to Sterling; Joseph, Catherine, Abigail, Jerusha, Lydia, Stephen. The family of Edward is now extinct in Milton, in the male line, as also, it is believed, in Dorchester, and almost so else¬ where. CREHORE FAMILY. Teagne Crehore, the earliest known person who bore this name, appeared in Milton or Dorchester, it is stated, some time during the decade of 1640-50. Family tradition affirms that he was a “ mere child at the time,” and had been “ stolen from his parents in Ireland.” The name has no correspondence, orthographically, with any Irish name ; but, phonetically, the old-fashioned pronunciation, aspirating the “ h ” and placing the accent on the last syllable, corresponds closely with that of the Irish surname Krehan or Krahan. A recently adopted pronunciation, the reverse of the old, corresponds with Creagh. The earliest documentary evidence relating to Teague Crehore seems to be an unrecorded deed from John Gill to him of a piece of salt marsh, December, 1660. In 1670 he sold to Robert Badcock a piece of land near Paul’s bridge, described as purchased by him from John Smith. His deed to Badcock is upon record, Suffolk Records, Lib. 7, fol. 281. This land was near Paul’s bridge. He married — probably about 1665 — Mary, said to have been the daughter of Robert Spurr, of Dorchester. His death is recorded in Milton Records, Jan. 3, 1695, aged fifty-five years. His widow administered, and the inventory, etc., are found in Suffolk Probate Records, Lib. 10, fol. 723. She married subsequently, May 14, 1697, Matthias Puffer, of Stoughton. Teague left five living children: Timothy, the ancestor, probably, of all bearing the name, born Oct. 18, 1666, who married, Feb. 10, 1688, Ruth Riol (Ryall?), of Dorchester. He died Aug. 15, 1739, and his headstone is in the Crehore lot, Milton Cemetery. Another son, Benjamin, also survived Teague; but there is no record of his having married. Three daughters, Ann, Rebecca, and Mary, married respectively Ebenezer Maxwell, of Bristol, Robert Pelton, of Dorchester, and Henry Glover, of Bristol. In 1714 the four last named united in a conveyance of their share of the paternal estate to their brother Timothy. (Suff. Rec., Book 29, fol. 186.) Timothy, to judge from the records, added considerably to the paternal estate. He had a numerous family, ten in all, 562 HISTORY OF MILTON. only two of whom seemed to have continued the name, — Timothy, 3d, and John. The latter, who bore the title of “ Captain,” was the head of a single line of males, all bearing the same name, who lived upon a portion of the paternal estate, terminating in the sixth generation (from Teague) with the death of John Ames Crehore, who died Jan. 21, 1877, leaving no issue. Timothy, 3d, “Deacon Timothy,” like his father, was the ancestor of all now bearing the name of Crehore. _ He was born Dec. 3, 1689; married, Dec. 24, 1712, Mary Driscoll, of Dorchester; and died Dec. 26, 1755. He lived as a farmer upon a portion of his father’s property bordering the river, near Paul’s bridge, and is buried in Milton Cemetery. He had three daughters, two of whom died young; the other, Hepsibah, with his sons, Jedediah and William, inherited his property, and the deed of partition — tripartite — is still in possession of the family. Jedediah remained on the estate, which came into the hands of his third son, John Shepard, whose sons, Charles C. and Jeremiah, occupied it as late as 1844. The house now owned by Mr. Lyman Davenport, the one by Mrs. Green, and the next, adjoining the Bent property, are all of them situated upon this estate. William also had a number of descendants, one of whom, Mr. Thomas Crehore, lived in Milton, and was a well-known citizen. There are now, it is believed, none bearing the name who are residents of the town. DAVENPORT FAMILY. John Davenport, whose father, Thomas, was the first in this line of the family in New England, was born in Dorchester, Oct. 2, 1664, and died in Milton March 21, 1725. He came to Milton in 1706, purchasing land in the westerly part of the town, on the south side of Canton avenue, now embraced in the Hem- menway estate; there he built a house, which was occupied by his descendants for several generations. His son Stephen was born Oct. 8, 1703; published to Thank¬ ful Bent, of Stoughton, Nov. 10,1734, and died in Milton March 2, 1784. His children were : — William, b. Aug. 11, 1736 ; cl. July 9, 1738. Hannah, b. April 4, 1739; d. May 28, 1752. Thomas, b. Dec. 27, 1742 ; died the day of his birth. EARLY FAMILIES. 563 William, b. July 28, 1744; pub. to Avis Stone, March 17, 1780. Lydia, b. April 17, 1747; pub. to John Bradley, Oct. 14, 1769. Mary, b. Oct. 9, 1750; pub. to Eben Glover May, 14, 1785. Joseph, b. Nov. 16, 1753. Benjamin, b. Nov. 1, 1758. William Davenport was for a long time schoolmaster in Milton. He used to be called Master Willie. He was highly successful in his profession, and was much respected. His children were : — Hannah, b. Feb. 21, 1781; m. Phinehas Davenport, May 23, 1802. Enoch, b. Aug. 30, 1782; d. Nov. 26, 1783. Francis, b. Sept. 12, 1784; pub. to Abigail Whiting, March 30, 1810. Lydia, b. Nov. 4, 1786. William, b. Aug. 12, 1789; pub. to Sally Shaller, May 19, 1827. Sarah, b. Aug. 5, 1792. Francis Davenport was an active and useful citizen. He represented the town of Milton at the General Court for three years, 1826-28. The children of Francis and Abigail Davenport were : — Charles F., b. July 18,1812 ; pub. to Abigail T. Wentworth, Feb. 6, 1836. Joseph, b. March 9, 1819. William R., b. April 26, 1825. Hannah E., b. Dec. 12, 1827. Joseph, died unmarried. The other three children removed to Taunton. Ann Elizabeth Davenport, born June 14, 1829, the daughter of William and Sally Davenport, is now residing in Milton. Samuel Davenport, son of John, and elder brother of Stephen, was born Oct. 20, 1697, married Rebecca Holbrook, of Milton, and lived on the estate of his father; five of his children were born here. When his eldest son, Samuel, Jr., became of age he gave him the homestead, and removed with the other children to Mendon. Samuel Davenport, Jr., was, born in Milton Sept. 1,1720, and died here Dec. 6, 1793. He was a silversmith by trade, and carried on his business partly in Milton. He was on the jury that tried Captain Preston, in the case of the Boston Massacre, Nov. 27, 1770. All his children w T ere born here : — Lemuel, b. March 10, 1742. Sarah, b. July 29, 1744; m., 1761, John Crehore. Nathaniel, b. April 13, 1747. Abigail, b. Aug 16, 1749; m., July 6, 1769, Lemuel Gay. 564 HISTORY OF MILTON. Rufus, b. Jan. 19, 1752; d. April 12, 1752. Isaac, b. Nov. 12, 1753. Meliitable, b. April 14,1759; m., Sept. 1777, John Yose, of Milton. Nathaniel Davenport, the third child of Samuel, married Lydia Stone, February, 1767 ; he died in Milton June 13, 1813. He was a butcher, and occupied a stall in Boston. His children were: — Samuel, b. April 9, 1769 ; died young. Phinehas, b. March 9, 1772. Avis, b.-; died young. Avis, b. May 3, 1779 ; m., Dec., 1794, Dr. Benjamin Turner, of Milton. Nathaniel, b. March 7, 1781. Isaac Davenport, the sixth child of Samuel, and brother of Nathaniel, died in Milton April 20, 1828. He married Mary, daughter of Samuel May, of Boston. She died Nov. 20, 1853. Their children were : — Mary, b. Dec. 21, 1795; m., Oct. 24, 1816, Joseph H. Heywood; she died July 30, 1843. Louisa Goddard, b. Feb. 7, 1808; m., Dec. 7,1841, Dr. Samuel Wiggles- worth. She died July 17, 1859. Much might be said of this enterprising citizen and his family. For many years he was a merchant in Boston, in partnership with John McLean. Dr. Morrison says: —■ He left but two children, both daughters. Louisa was much younger than her sister, and usually spent her winters in Boston. But her earliest associations bound her to Milton, where every knoll and stream and tree was dear to her. She loved the place for its own sake and for her father’s sake. She was a liberal benefactor to the church. She knew something about all the old Milton families, and kept up her interest in them as long as she lived. Her eyesight failed, and she passed the last fifteen years of her life in darkness. But nothing could quench the light and joy of her soul. She continued to bear every burden meekly and cheerfully, and to shed brightness over the pathway of all her friends, until the effulgence of heavenly light opened upon her spiritual vision. Phinehas Davenport, the second son of Nathaniel, was born in Milton March 9,1772, and died here Jan. 31,1840. He married, May 23,1802, Hannah Davenport, daughter of William, a school¬ master and store-keeper of Milton. Their children were : — EARLY FAMILIES. 565 Sarah, b. Sept. 9, 1802; d. March 7, 1838. Francis William, b. Feb. 16, 1804; d. Feb. 4, 1857; he married, Jan. 24, 1837j Betsy, daughter of the Hon. John Ruggles, of Milton. Phinehas Davenport was an excellent citizen, greatly beloved by the entire community. In the early part of the present century there were four noble men residing in the West District, who seemed to give character to that section of the town : Phinehas Davenport, John Crehore, William Crehore, and John Ruggles. They were men of good judgment and of excellent spirit, and always enjoyed, in an uncommon degree, the confidence of their fellow-citizens. Nathaniel Davenport, the youngest son of Nathaniel, and brother of Phinehas, was born in Milton March 7, 1781, and died May 5, 1863. He married, Jan. 1, 1801, Nancy Daven¬ port, daughter of Jesse. She died March 1, 1865. He was for a time a student at Phillips Academy, Andover. His children were : — Nancy, b. March 31, 1801; m., Jan. 11, 1821, Jason W. Houghton, of Milton. George, b. Feb. 3, 1805; m., Nov. 31, 1828, Harriet C. Davenport, dau. of Elijah. Lewis, b. Sept. 25, 1808; m., Dec. 9, 1834, Margaret L. Babcock, of Milton. Nathaniel T., b. Jan. 8, 1811; m., Jan. 29, 1834, Sarah Dunbar, of Milton. Lj dia, b. Feb. 22, 1814; m., July 20, 1837, James Breck, of Milton. Henry Seth, b. June 27, 1819 ; unmarried. Fred. Jason, b. Jan. 5, 1824; m., Oct. 26, 1845, Hannah M. Cutting. ” ’ ard, 'j f m., Sept. 27, 1855, Sarah M. \ twins, b. Aug. 21, 1816, J Samson. Edward, Edwin, Feb. 14, 1855, Ellen M. J ^ Bennett. Lyman, b. June 26, 1829; m., Nov. 29, 1855, Harriet L. Blaney. The Davenports have been residents of Milton for nearly two centuries, and some of them have always lived on or near the land purchased by their ancestor in 1707, a portion of which remains in the family. Several families of the original stock are still with us; while, by intermarriage, the family is repre¬ sented in almost every section of the town. They are chiefly engaged in floriculture, in which business they have attained great skill and remarkable success. HOUGHTON FAMILY. Ralph Houghton was born in Lancashire, England, 1623. It is said that he was the son of Sir Richard Hoghton, of Hoghton 566 HISTORY OF MILTON. Tower, Lancashire, who was created a baronet, by James I., upon the institution of the order, May 22, 1611. Ralph Houghton came to America on account of his religious and political opinions. He had fought under Cromwell against Charles I., though he had been previously knighted by the king for service to his person. He landed at Charlestown between 1645 and 1647. Soon after he removed to Lancaster, Mass., and with twenty-four others founded that town in 1653. He was chosen the first town recorder, and one of the six prudential managers. He was representative of the town, 1673, and again in 1689, and held various other offices. Lancaster having been destroyed by the Indians in 1675, Mr. Houghton removed to Woburn, Mass., and in 1682 to Milton, Mass. He returned to Lancaster three years after, and remained there until 1690, when he came again to Milton, and settled at “ Scott’s Woods, nigh unto Brush Hill,” building the homestead occupied by his descendants for seven generations. He died there April 15, 1705, aged eighty-two years. Joseph Houghton, son of Ralph, and Jane his wife, was born at Lancaster July 6, 1657, and died in the homestead at Milton March 22,1737. He married, first, Jane Yose, and, second, Mar¬ garet Reding. Ebenezer Houghton, son of Joseph and Jane, was born in Milton Aug. 25, 1695 ; he married Sarah Evans Sept. 17, 1722, and died here Jan. 24, 1783. In 1722 Joseph Houghton conveyed to Ebenezer, his son, a tract of one hundred and fifty acres of land, embracing what is now known as Hough¬ ton’s farm. Ralph Houghton, son of Ebenezer, was born in Mil- ton Feb. 20, 1729, married, first, Ruth Wadsworth Feb. 15, 1759, second, Waits till Gulliver Feb. 3,1792. Jason, son of Ralph and Ruth, born Aug. 25, 1768, married Caty Wild Dec. 25,1788, and died in Milton Sept. 16, 1843. He was a school-master, and was known as “Master Houghton.” He taught the Scott’s Woods school twenty-eight years. Later in life he was called Deacon Jason. He had fourteen children, all born in the “ Houghton house.” Jason Wadsworth Houghton, his son, born June 12, 1793, married Nancy Davenport, of Milton, Jan. 11, 1821, and died in Milton Dec. 13, 1867. His children are : — Sarah Davenport, b. July 21, 1824; m. James Breck Nov. 5, 1846. George, b. Feb. 28,1827 ; m. Eiiza T. Bent Jan. 1, 1863. Harriet, b. Feb. 18, 1829; m. Samuel T. Bent, Jr., Dec. 10, 1863. Lydia Ann, b. July 11, 1834; m. Dr. W. S. Everett Oct. 4, 1865, and d. July 16,1869. Jason, b. Sept. 8, 1844. The Houghton family has been a prominent family in Milton EARLY FAMILIES. 567 for nearly two centuries. The men have been among the lead¬ ing men of the town. The first Ralph was selectman for three years, 1682-84. Deacon Nathaniel Houghton was selectman ten years, between 1743 and 1761. Joseph Houghton filled the office in 1771; Ralph for seven years, 1775-81; Deacon Jason, for sixteen years, between 1795 and 1825; and Jason W. Houghton, for five years, 1844-48. Ralph Houghton was town-clerk in 1688. Deacon Jason was collector for eight years, between 1826 and 1837. Deacon Nathaniel was moderator of town meetings for four years ; Ralph, for four years ; and Deacon Jason, for eleven years. Deacon Jason was a member of the School Committee in 1839, and representative of the town at the General Court in 1815 and 1816, and for a second term in 1834 and 1835; and Jason Houghton, the youngest child of Jason W. Houghton, was on the board of the School Committee for four years, 1874- 1877. FORBES FAMILY. John Murray Forbes , Esq. He was the son of Rev. John Forbes, a Scotch clergyman, rector of St. Augustine, Florida. Rev. Mr. Forbes married Dorothy Murray, at Brush Hill, Milton, Feb. 2, 1767. He died in England Sept. 17, 1793; his widow died in Milton June 11, 1811. Their eldest son, Col. James Crrant Forbes , born Nov. 22, 1769, served as colonel under General Jackson. He was once commander at Staten Island ; and was the first marshal or governor of St. Augustine when Florida was ceded to the United States. J. Murray Forbes was born at St. Augustine Aug. 13, 1771. He came with his mother to Milton in 1773; was fitted for college by Dr. Samuel Kendall, of Weston, and graduated at Harvard in 1787. He studied law with John Sprague, of Lan¬ caster, and Pliny Merrick, of Brookfield, and entered on his profession at Brookfield in 1791. He then removed to Boston, and, associated with C. P. Phelps, practised his profession through 1794 and 1795. After 1796 he lived mostly abroad. In 1801 he received the appointment of consul-general to the North of Europe, residing at Hamburg and Copenhagen. In 1820 he went to Buenos Ayres as secretary of legation to Mr. Casar Rodney, who was minister of the Argentine Republic; Mr. Rodney died at Buenos Ayres, and Mr. Forbes was made charge 568 HISTORY OF MILTON. d'affaires , and died at Buenos Ayres in 1831. He was never married. He was troubled with gout; his crest was composed of a gouty foot couchant , crossed by two crutches rampant, and the motto was “ Toujours souffrant jamais triste .” Ralph Bennet Forbes. He was the youngest son of Rev. John and Dorothy (Mur¬ ray) Forbes. He was born at Brush Hill, Milton, June 11, 1773, where his mother resided until she removed to Cambridge ten years later, in 1783. When he was eight years old he was sent to school at Dr. Parker’s, Hingham. He spent his child¬ hood at Brush Hill, Hingham, and Cambridge. At the age of fourteen he was bound as an apprentice to John B. Murray, in Alexandria, Va., and remained there until his nineteenth year, December, 1791, when he accepted an invitation from his brother, James Grant Forbes, to join him at Port-au-Prince, St. Domingo. He remained in St. Domingo until 1794, and then returned home. In the winter of 1795 he arrived at Charleston from Portland, Me., in the ship “Rising States,” owned by John McLean, William Stephenson, and Loring & Curtis. He sailed for Bordeaux in March, where he arrived with a cargo of rice and tobacco in April, and from thence proceeded to Ham¬ burg with a cargo of brandy, and arrived there in August. He left the ship at Dover, and reached London in September, where he met Col. Perkins, and was again at Bordeaux in December. He married Margaret Perkins, of New York, Oct. 13, 1799, and died in Milton Oct. 5, 1824. ' He was the father of our honored citizens R. B. Forbes and John M. Forbes, and of Thomas T. Forbes, who perished in China, 1829. Robert Bennet Forbes. We are indebted partly to the “Christian Register” for the following sketch of Robert Bennet Forbes : — He was born at Jamaica Plain on the 18th of September, 1804. On the 17th of January, 1811, his mother, his brother Thomas T., and himself embarked at Boston on board the schooner “Midas,” bound for Marseilles, to join his father. Off the port the schooner was captured by a British frigate, which sent her to Port Mahon. After considerable delay Mrs. Forbes and her boys reached France. Here the boys were sent to school. The master was as ignorant of English as they were of French ; yet, by the use of a French and English dictionary, the boys soon acquired a sufficient knowledge of French to pursue their studies. On the 18th of May, 1813, Mr. and Mrs. Forbes and their boys embarked at Bordeaux on board the American schooner “ Orders in Council,” bound for New York. Shortly EARL Y FAMILIES. 569 after leaving port she was attacked by a British cutter, which she beat off after an hour and a half’s fight, but was captured soon afterward by a frigate and sent to Corunna. They embarked in another vessel, and were again captured and carried to Lisbon, but finally reached Newport, R.I., in the ship “ Leda.” At the age of thirteen Robert B. Forbes went to sea before the mast in the ship “Canton Packet,” bound for China. When sixteen he was third mate; before twenty he was captain ; at twenty-six he owned a ship and commanded her; at twenty-eight he left the sea; and at thirty-six was at the head of the largest American house in China. His brother, Thomas T., was drowned near Macao. He provided liberally for his mother and his younger brother, now Hon. John M. Forbes. R. B. Forbes went several times to China, and at one time was the American vice-consul to Canton. During his seafaring career he traded between China, the United States, Europe, California, and South America, and was eminently successful on all his voyages. In 1847 he commanded the United States sloop of war “ Jamestown,” laden with provisions for the starving poor in Ireland, and made the voyage from Boston to Cork and back in forty-nine days; and then helped to load the frigate “Macedonian” on the same mission of mercy. During the war of the rebellion he was employed by the government to inspect the building of nine gunboats, and built for himself and others the “ Meteor,” of fifteen hundred tons, built to cruise in search of the vessels which were preying upon our commerce. In all, he built about seventy sail, and took a great interest in everything connected with seamen, so much so that he is called the “ Howard of the sea.” He has done much and written much about the best means of saving life in case of disaster. In 1882 he pub¬ lished his “ Personal Reminiscences,” a 12mo of 412 pages, which is a model of condensed writing, and contains much interesting information. At the age of thirty he was married to Miss Rose Green Smith, who died on the eighty-first anniversary of his birth. He had by her two sons, Robert B. and John Murray, and a daughter, now Mrs. Charles Eliot Per¬ kins, and another daughter, who died young. Several benevolent institutions for seamen and soldiers have had in him a liberal supporter. In his long and varied life his feet have ever been on the straight and narrow path of virtue, the only path that leads to last¬ ing honor. It may be truly said of him that he never lost a friend, or had an enemy that he did not try to conciliate. He is almost worshipped by the boys of Milton; for he has made for them, with his own hands, over one hundred models of sail and row boats. It is pleasing to add, notwith¬ standing his advanced age, that he enjoys fair health, that his mind con¬ tinues clear and vigorous, and that his heart is as warm as ever for all who are in trouble. lion. John Murray Forbes. He was born at Bordeaux Feb. 23, 1813, and married Sarah Swain Hathaway, of New Bedford. Mr. Forbes has lived in Milton for more than half a century. He has taken a lively and intelligent interest in all the affairs of the town, and has proved himself a faithful citizen. He is ranked also among the most honest and able asserters of loyal and democratic principles not only in our town, but in the commonwealth and in the nation. He has twice been 570 HISTORY OF MILTON. presidential elector. He was a member of the “Peace Con¬ gress,” so called, in 1861. He was delegate at large to the Cin¬ cinnati Republican Convention in 1876, and member for Massachusetts of the Republican Convention in 1884. He has also taken an active part on many State committees where great principles were considered and great interests were at stake. The following handwriting on the wall appeared in a New York print a year ago, giving a just delineation of our hon¬ ored citizen’s life as it touches the commonwealth and the nation : — We believe thei'e is no man in Massachusetts who stands higher in pub¬ lic regard and confidence than John M. Forbes. During the last thirty years nobody has been readier to serve with purse and person all good causes. To no one man in Massachusetts, except Governor Andrew, was the government more indebted during the trying days of the war. From nobody has the republican party in the State and nation received more constant and loyal service in money and counsel. There is no way in which he has not proved his devotion to it except by holding salaried offices. Moreover, there is probably no wiser or shrewder business head than his. He is a man of great wealth, but nobody would suspect it, if it were not for the number and amount of his contributions to public interests, to charity, to art, to literature, and to science, and what is of more im¬ portance, he stands in Massachusetts as the very type and embodiment of commercial integrity. He has been until recently a member of the repub¬ lican national committee. Well, this veteran republican, so wise, so hon¬ ored, so practical, who gave the very flower of his years to the party, is now going to vote against it, and gives his reasons. William Hathaway Forbes, eldest son of John M. Forbes, was lieutenant-colonel of the 2d Massachusetts Cavalry during the civil war. Henry Sturges Russell, son-in-law of Mr. Forbes, was colonel of the 5th Massachusetts Cavalry, and brigadier- general by brevet in the late war. HOW FAMILY. Abraham How, of England, was made freeman of Dorchester May 2,1638. He had leave granted him “ to live in the house he built, although more than half a mile from the meeting¬ house.” He seems to have sons, Israel, Isaac, and Abraham. Isaac How, son of Abraham, came to Milton before 1750; probably when his son Isaac married Sarah Tucker, of Milton, April 20, 1744. He built the gambrel-roof house now standing on the corner of Centre street and Randolph avenue. His widow, Sarah, who, after his decease, married Lazarus Baker, died in Milton Sept. 11, 1755. EARL Y FAMILIES. 571 Isaac How, the son of Isaac, was a leading man in Milton. He built the house known as the William Yose house, on Churchill’s lane, and was living there at the time of his sudden death. He often acted as moderator of the town meetings. He was selectman for several years. In the midst of a life of use¬ fulness he was drowned in the river Sept. 7, 1769. Thursday last a melancholy accident happened in Milton. Mr. Isaac How, being at work at the Salt Meadows, went into the water to cool him¬ self. It being discovered by two persons who were in sight that he did not swim, and his head was under water though a good swimmer, they im¬ mediately went to his assistance, and got him out before he sunk to the bottom. There was some appearance of life in him, and several methods were taken to bring him to, but without effect. It was thought that the sudden chill of the water, he being hot, was the cause of his death. He was one of the selectmen of Milton, well-esteemed as a kind neighbor, a generous friend to the poor and suffering; he has left a sorrowing widow, and is a public loss to the town. —Boston Evening Post, Sept. 13, 1769. Josiah How, brother of Isaac, and son of Isaac, of Dorchester, was born in Dorchester 1719; he married Sarah Preston, of Dorchester, in 1743, and soon after came to Milton with his father and his brother Isaac. At the decease of his father he came into possession of the house on Centre street and Ran¬ dolph avenue. His children were: — Sarah, who married Joseph Yose, of Milton, Dec. 27, 1761. Lemuel, b. in Milton, Aug. 5,1744; m. Joanna Richards, of Boston, Oct. 18, 1766. At the time of the marriage of Lemuel, his father built for him the house on Centre street, opposite the cemetery, now known as the “Hunt house,” which was afterwards sold by Josiah and Lemuel to Ziba Blake, and by him conveyed to Jeremiah Crane. Lemuel had five children in Milton, and subsequently removed to Templeton, Mass. Josiah, Isaac, and John, children of Josiah, b. in 1746, ’49, ’52; died in early childhood. Mary, b. Dec. 25, 1755; m. William Yose, of Milton, Dec. 19, 1772. Elizabeth, b. Nov. 23, 1757; m. Rufus Pierce Feb. 18,1775. Margaret How, known as “ Peggy How,” was b. Sept. 26, 1760; at the decease of her father she came into possession of the How house, and for many years kept school there. Josiah How was deacon of the Milton Church for many years. For fourteen years he was selectman of the town. He was town treasurer for six years. He was often chosen 572 HISTORY OF MILTON. moderator of the town meetings. He represented the town at the General Court in 1772-3. He was a shoemaker by trade, and carried on an extensive business for the times. He pos¬ sessed great strength of character, and was looked up to and respected by all who knew him. During the Revolution affairs presented a gloomy aspect to his mind, and he became despond¬ ent and faint-hearted. His sympathies seemed to be on the side of the Royalists; we find his name joined with those of James Smith and Stephen Miller in the “address to Governor Hutchinson.” He died in Milton Oct. 3, 1792, aged seventy- three years. PIERCE FAMILY. William Pierce, 4th, was a leading man of his day. He was prominent and active in seeking for and in carrying out the best interests of his native town. With many of our citizens he took part in the fortification of Dorchester Heights. His house stood nearly opposite the East Milton railroad station, a little east of the stone-house; it was changed into a store in 1835, and removed some years later. The estate of his father, William, 3d, who married, 1719, Deliverance Woodard, of Milton, was on the south side of Pleasant street, running towards the Braintree line, and is now included partly in the estate of Edward Cunningham ; the old cellar and well were near the Cunningham house. William Pierce, 4th, married Eunice Bent, only sister of the four brothers, — Joseph, Lemuel, William, and Rufus Bent, of Mil- ton. His children were Rufus, Deliverance, Abigail, William, and four others. William, 5th, married Lydia Swift, of Milton. He had five sons and four daughters. Oliver, his fifth son, born Jan. 12, 1802, married Susan Babcock, of Milton, May 22, 1825; and, second, Jan. 15, 1843, Mary Gardner, of Arlington, who is now living on Granite avenue, Milton, with her daugh¬ ter, Alma G. Pierce, the teacher of the Pleasant-street school. William L., son of Oliver, born July 13, 1842, married Emma P. Hicks, of Milton, Sept. 15, 1870. Capt. Rufus Pierce, the first son of William, 4th, married Elizabeth How, of Milton. He built the cottage on Adams street, just west of East Milton railroad station. He began the cellar in 1775, but after the Lexington fight the work was abandoned, and he occupied the mansion of Madam Foye, on Milton Hill, which was afterwards the home of his daughter, Sarah Pierce Littlefield. Madam Foye, fearing to be so near Boston in war times, removed to Randolph; after the war she returned to Milton, and Rufus Pierce finished his house, which, EARL Y FAMILIES. 573 for many years, he kept as a tavern. In this house he lived through all his remaining life, and here died in 1812. The children of Rufus and Elizabeth How Pierce were: — Elizabeth, b. Oct. 19, 1775; m., Nov. 30, 1817, William Briggs, of Scituate. Lemviel, b. Feb. 9, 1778. Sai'ah, b. July 16, 1780; m., March 10, 1803, Samuel Littlefield, of Braintree. Margaret, b. April 29, 1783; m. Jeremiah T. Fenno. Eunice, b. Feb. 24, 1787; m. Daniel Lord, of Ipswich. Nancy, b. July 13, 1790; m. Gideon F. Thayer, the eminent teacher and founder of Chauncy Hall School. Mary, b. Dec. 5, 1795; m. Zypheon Thayer. Rufus, b. March 31, 1798. Martlja, b. July 16, 1801; m. Abel Wyman, of Wayland. The grandchildren of Rufus and Elizabeth How Pierce, now resident in Milton, with their families, are : — Margaret Fenno Babcock, Mary Fenno Sheldon, Mary Little¬ field Dudley, John Littlefield. Numerous other descendants are scattered over the State and country. REED FAMILY. This family may be traced back to a very early ancestry. Briames De Rede was living in 1189 in the north of England. He had three sons: 1st, Robert, of Rede; 2d, William, of Chichester; 3d, Thomas, of Redydale. William Reade, son of William and Lucy (Henage) Reed, was born in 1605, and sailed from Gravesend, County of Kent, in the “Assurance,” 1635. He settled in Wassagusset (now Weymouth, Mass-L In 1636 he bought a house of Zachary Bichnall for £7 13s. 4d., which was an average price for home¬ steads at that early day. He was representative for Weymouth to the General Court in 1636 and 1638. He had by his wife Ivis seven children. Thomas Reed, son of William and Ivis, married Sarah. He held offices, both civil and military, and died Nov. 14, 1719. John, son of Thomas and Sarah, born Dec. 30, 1679; also married Sarah. His will was dated 1757. John, son of John and Sarah, married Mary Bates Dec. 26, 1746. He was father of twelve children. Noah Reed, son of John and Mary, was born at Weymouth Nov. 18, 1759; he married Mehetable Wild, of Milton, July 6, 1788, whose father kept tavern in the house once owned and occupied by C. L. Copeland, and now moved to Randolph aYenue, near Pleasant street. 574 HISTORY OF MILTON. Mr. Reed was a shoemaker by trade, but, on account of feeble health, he came to Milton and bought of Daniel Yose, July 13, 1795, the homestead formerly owned by Capt. Samuel Wads¬ worth. The spot where the old house stood is opposite George K. Gannett’s residence, between Randolph avenue and Highland street. The original house was burned in 1669. The second house built by Captain Wadsworth, and purchased by Noah Reed, was taken down about 1803. Its walls were packed with seaweed, — a common custom in early times. About 1801 Noah Reed bought of Joel Pratt the house built by John Gibbons on the corner of Highland and Reed streets, where Mrs. Charlotte (Reed) Wadsworth and Miss Rachel Reed now reside. Noah Reed’s children were : — Betsey, b. in Weymouth, 1789; m. Deacon Jesse Tucker. Warren, b. in Weymouth, 1793; m. Mary Howe Wadsworth. Avis, b. 1795. Charlotte, b. in the old Wadsworth homestead, Milton, 1799 ; m. Jason Wadsworth. Rachel, b.,'1803, in the Gibbons house, now remodelled and owned by her. Noah Reed died in Milton Sept. 20, 1836. Warren Reed, who married Mary H. Wadsworth, was a farmer. He lived several years in the house now occupied by Rachel Reed, and then, in 1851, built the house now occupied by his sons John H. and William R. Reed, on land descending from the Wads¬ worth estate. Another Branch of the Reed Family. William Reed, springing from the same ancestry, was born in Abington Sept. 20, 1725, and married Silence Nash, 1750. His second son, William, was born June 8, 1755, and married Olive Poole, of Bridgewater, May, 1784; he was a clergyman, and died in Easton Nov. 16, 1809. His third son, Jason Reed, born in Easton Oct. 14, 1794, married Mary Elizabeth Coats, of Mil- ton, May 19, 1824. He graduated at Harvard College 1816, and pursued the study of law. He removed to Milton, and purchased the estate of Ezra Coats, the father of his wife. He held the office of town-clerk of Milton for thirty years, also that of town-treasurer from 1857 till his decease, July 13, 1873. His estate in Milton was named Redesdale, in memory of the old home in England, and a street built in 1884 through this estate bears the name of Redesdale road. His daughter, Eliza¬ beth T. L. Reed, is the only living representative of his family. EARLY FAMILIES. 575 James Read. James Read, of Boston, purchased a tract of land in Milton, lying on Highland street and Canton avenue, and moved here about 1765. He built a house, which stood where the Whitwell mansion now stands. His third son, Benjamin, was born in Milton May 20, 1767, and married Lydia Vose, of Milton, March 18, 1787. He was a pump-maker, following the trade of his father. Thomas Read, the fourth son of James, was born in Milton March 1, 1770. He was a hatter, and carried on the business on the corner of Highland street and Canton avenue, where he also resided. The building disappeared about fifty years ago. Benjamin Read built the house now standing on Canton avenue, directly opposite the Pound, in 1805. His son, Joseph Elijah Read, born in Milton May 16, 1802, married Lydia Vose Shepherd, of Milton, July 21, 1833. His daughter, Lydia Vose Read, born in Milton Jan. 30, 1806, married Stephen Wales, of Dorchester, June 5, 1833. The house built by Benjamin Read is now owned and occu¬ pied by his granddaughters, Mrs. Mary C. R. Sanford and Frances Abbie Read. JOHN BUGGLHS FAMILY. Thomas Ruggles Came from England to Roxbury with his wife, Mary, in 1637. Their son, John Ruggles, born in England, probably in 1625, came over with his uncle John two years before his parents ; married Abigail Crafts, Jan. 24,1651, and died in Rox¬ bury Sept. 15, 1658. He had five children, the oldest, named John, died in infancy; the second son, John, baptized Jan. 22, 1654, had a son John, born in Roxbury March 16, 1680, who married Sarah Tilden May 24,1704; his son, Capt. John Rug¬ gles , was born in Roxbury Feb. 28, 1705, and married Katherine Williams Jan. 20, 1741-2. He was commander, as supposed, of a company at the siege of Louisburg, and died of fever very soon after his return. He was a man of decided character and of great physical strength, reputed to be the strongest man that ever lived in Roxbury. As an instance of his great strength, it is said he could raise a barrel of cider from the ground and lift it over the raves of a cart. He had two children, a daughter, Catherine, and Capt. John Ruggles , born in Roxbury Dec. 13, 1742. He married Mary Wadsworth, of Milton, May, 1772, 576 HISTORY OF MILTON. having removed, when a child, to this town, where he died, Feb. 25, 1821. In 1784 he was on the hoard of selectmen. He was elected to the office of town treasurer in 1785, and held the office, by annual election, for thirty-six years, until his death. He was chosen town-clerk in 1786, and retained the position for twenty-one years. His wife, Mary, died in 1773, leaving an only child. Hon. John Ruggles. He was born Feb. 10, 1773, and married Betsy Wadsworth, second daughter of Rev. Dr. Benjamin Wadsworth, of Danvers, Mass. He followed in the footsteps of his father, and was early honored with offices of trust by his native town. He was chosen selectman in 1805, remaining in the office for twenty-one consecutive years; he was reelected in 1830, and served for a period of five years; of this twenty-six years of service he was chairman twenty years. He was on the board of assessors for twenty-five years, and chairman for nineteen. He was chosen town-clerk in 1814, and held the office till 1835, when he de¬ clined further service. He was the representative of Milton to the General Court for seven years; and State senator from 1820 to 1825. He died here, Dec. 19, 1846, beloved, respected, and honored. His children were, Mary Wadsworth, who died in infancy; Betsy, born Aug. 31, 1808, married Francis W. Davenport, of Milton, Jan. 24, 1837 ; and John Ruggles , born May 28, 1816, and graduated at Harvard in 1836. He was, for a time, a teacher, afterwards, a bank officer, being for many years connected with the National City Bank on State street, Boston. He married Mary L. Gardner, of Bolton, Nov. 30, 1842, and now resides in Brookline. His son John, who died Dec. 4, 1866, was the eighth John Ruggles in lineal suc¬ cession. In this family there have been five successive gen¬ erations of only sons, all bearing the name of John Ruggles. Capt. John Ruggles and his son Hon. John held important town offices for fifty years continuously. They were men of stable character and sterling integrity, and were gifted with a large share of common-sense. They proved themselves emi¬ nently worthy of the confidence reposed in them, faithfully and successfully meeting all those important trusts. Mr. Rug¬ gles, of Brookline, has kindly contributed to the citizens of Milton the portrait of his father, the Hon. John Ruggles, who was so closely connected with the affairs of this town through his whole life. 576 HISTORY OF MILTON. having remov'd, ’when Feb. 25, 1821. iffiis town, where lie died, In 1784 he ilectmen. He was elected to the office o. 85, and beM the office, by annual electic , until his death. He was chosen town- retained the positiort for twenty-one y< only child. (lieu, in li (y, leaving ah He was be eb. 10, 177§, and married Bet^y" Wadsworth second daug] if Rev. Dr. Benjamin Wadswo^^|°f Danvet> Mass. He ft ed in tjie footsteps of bis wi ‘jeix &hd was earl honored wit ices of trust by his until town. He wa chosen select consecutive ye; i> ; he wds I'e&Ieciad. hf'188tk.*ihd served for period of five •s; of this twen«t,veai^ s< ^ he wa chairman tw< years. He was-qii board.!/ 'S fo twenty-five ye and chairiaa]^^^HB|een^ <•! mse town-clerk in 4, and heldgjfBe dffibc tilL 188-.>. vx 1 . df clined furthe Ugh w*:: . repr.c setu, : iv ■ JfrjL ■• o to the Gener; i - v< / -s ao ">ns, all bearing the* name of John Ruggles. Capt. John ;gles and his son Hbn. John, field importan town offices for fty years continuously. They were* men o stable charact id sterling integrity, and were-gifted with large share of >mmon-sense. Jhey proved, themselves emi nently worth f the confidence resell in them,' faith full and successfu meting all those important trusts. Mr. Rue gles, of Brooi 3, . has kindly contributed to tfie citizens^- Milton the po was so close! nnecfchd with the affairs of this, town thro up his whole life EARLY FAMILIES. 577 SUMNER FAMILY. William Sumner, son of William, was baptized at Bicester, England, Jan. 27, 1604-5, being, by his deposition given Dee. 28, 1685, eighty-one years old, or thereabouts. William Sumner, and his wife, Mary West, settled in Dor¬ chester. He was made freeman in 1637, was admitted to the church 1652. He held many important offices. His wife, Mary, died June 7, 1676. Mr. Sumner’s will was proved March 24,1691-2. His second son, Boger, was baptized at Bicester, England, Aug. 8, 1632; he married Mary, daughter of Thomas and Re¬ becca Josselyn, early settlers of Hingham, and afterwards of Lancaster. He was admitted to the Dorchester Church 1656, and was dismissed to assist in forming a church in Lancaster, whither he had removed. He continued there until the town was destroyed by the Indians, and then returned to Milton. He probably built the Sumner house, now standing on Brush Hill, about 1678, which has been enlarged, and perhaps en¬ tirely rebuilt; the will of Roger refers to “ the old end of the dwelling-house.” He was deacon of the Milton Church, and died here May 26, 1698, leaving a widow, Mary. George Sumner, the third child of William, was baptized at Bicester, England, March 1, 1633-4. He married, Nov. 7, 1662, Mary, daughter of Edward Baker. George Sumner lived on Brush Hill, Milton, and was deacon of the Milton Church. His house stood below the old ferry house in the field; it was built about 1662. He died here Dec. 11, 1715, aged eighty- one. Children of Roger and Mary : — Waitstill, m. Manassah Tucker Dec. 29, 1676. Abigail. Samuel. William, b. 1673; d. Dec. 22, 1738; m. Esther, daughter of Mathias Puffer, June 2, 1697. Ebenezer, b. May 28, 1678; m. Elizabeth, daughter of Nathaniel Clap, March 14, 1699. Mary. Rebecca. Children of George and Mary: — Mary, b. Feb. 11, 1663. George, m. Ann Tucker, of Roxbury. Samuel and William, both lost in the Canadian expedition 1690. Ebenezer and Joseph both settled in Mendon. Edward m. Elizabeth Clap; he was grandfather of Governor Increase Sumner. Benjamin, b. Dec. 15, 1683; m. Elizabeth Badcock May 3, 1706; settled in Milton and lived in his father’s house. This house w r as burned April 10, 1748, with all the wearing apparel of the family. It was at once rebuilt. Benjamin’s fourth child was Abijah, b. March "6, 1713; d. Feb. 2, 1797. He occupied the house of his father and grandfather. 578 HISTORY OF MILTON. Children of William and Esther (Puffer) : — Mary, b. May 2, 1698; m. Ephraim Tucker Oct. 22, 1719. Abigail, b. Jan. 31, 1699 ; m. Robert Yose Sept. 14, 1721. Roger, b. March 25, 1702; m. Sarah Badcock Feb. 20, 1724. William, b. Feb. 7, 1704; m. Eleanor Daniel Nov. 25, 1727. Gersom. Esther. Seth, b. Dec. 15, 1710; m., first, Hannah Badcock Oct. 17, 1734; she died Aug. 13, 1739. He married, second, Lydia Badcock, daughter of William and Elizabeth, in 1742. He died Nov. 11, 1771. Children of Seth and Hannah: — Seth and Roger. Seth, b. July 4, 1735; m. Elizabeth Davis, of Dorchester; and, second, -Gay, of Dedham. His children were: Elisha, m. Nancy Vose, Aug. 3, 1792 ; he was the father of Edwin V. Sumner, major-general in our civil war. General Sumner lived during childhood in the Kendall house, on Canton avenue, and attended the West School and Milton Academy. Davis Sumner, m. Dolly Vose, Nov. 3, 1795, twin sister of Nancy, the wife of Elisha; they were daughters of Gen. Joseph Yose, and sisters of Col. Josiah H. Yose, the father of Mrs. E. Y. Field and Miss Caroline Yose, now living on the old General Yose estate in Milton. Seth, born in 1735, bought of Ebenezer Tucker, tanner, for .£600, by deed dated May 30, 1781, two tracts of land: — One containing four and a half acres, bounded south-east on Taunton road; east, on John Ruggles and New Lane; north-east, on brook and land of George Clark; and north-west on land of Seth Sumner; with dwell¬ ing-house and shop standing thereon, and all said Tucker’s interest in the barn, tan-house, and yard. Also, one-half of twenty-six acres on the south side of Taunton road. This is what is now known as the “ Kendall house,” with the land belonging to the same, which descended to, and was occupied by, his sons Elisha and Davis. Children of Seth and Lydia: — Lydia, b. Dec. 6, 1743; m. George Clark. Enos, b. Sept. 25, 1746, unmarried; was a physician in Milton; d. June 3, 1796. William, b. Aug. 6, 1748; m., first, Elizabeth Minot; second, Mary Pond; third, Sarah Thayer. His eleventh child was Rufus Pond Sumner, b. Jan. 17,1799 ; m. Susan Kingsbury. He had ten sons and one daughter. Through his father, William, son of Seth, he inherited a part of the Roger Sumner estate, on Brush Hill, Milton, which is now occupied by his sons. Esther. Clement. Job, b. April 23, 1754; graduated at Harvard Col¬ lege 1778. He was major in the Massachusetts Army of the Revolution; d.°Sept. 16, 1789. His death occurred on board a packet-ship on the passage from Charleston, S.C., to New York. He was buried in New York by the Freemasons, with much ceremony, in the Trinity church-yard, Broadway, where may be seen a marble monument to his memory. He EARL Y FAMILIES. 579 had a son. Job, b. at Milton Jan. 20, 1776, whose name was afterwards changed to Charles Pinckney; he graduated at Harvard 1796. He was High Sheriff of Suffolk for many years. He married Relief Jacobs, and died in 1839, aged sixty-three years. Charles Pinckney Sumner was the father of the Hon. Charles Sumner, b. at Boston Jan. 6, 1811; graduated at Harvard College 1830; the distinguished U.S. Senator from Massachu¬ setts. Rufus. Hannah. Abigail. Jesse. The will of William Sumner, the ancestor, was executed June 23,1681. In this he divided all his “ land and housing ” into six parts: one part each to his sons Roger, George, Samuel, and Increase, and his daughter Joane Way; the other sixth part to he divided amongst his eldest son William’s children, there being nine of them. His four children last named to be executors. The inventory of Roger Sumner estate, in Milton, taken by order of Court, June 29, 1698, by Thomas Yose, Ralph Houghton and Samuel Tris¬ cot. Mary, the widow of Roger, to have as her thirds the old end of the dwelling-house in Milton, valued at £18. 18s. TUCKER FAMILY. The genealogical tree traced by Arthur H. Tucker, and kindly presented for this work, brings to our view the root and branches of this extensive family for many generations. The origin of Robert Tucker, the progenitor of the Milton- line of Tuckers, is considered under “ Incorporation, Name, and Boundaries.” According to recent investigations he was born in Milton- next-Gravesend, County of Kent, England, June 7, 1604. He is supposed to have come to Wassagusset, afterwards Wey¬ mouth, about 1635; to have removed to Gloucester, and then back again to Weymouth, from which place he came to Milton about 1662, and soon after settled on Brush Hill. He occupied an important and highly useful position in the town and the church during the earliest years of the settlement, and his numerous descendants have been among the most active and influential of our citizens through the whole history of the town. Members of the family have graced the pulpit, the army, and the representative halls of the country. From the beginning they have filled important offices of trust in the town and in the church. The following representatives of the Tucker name have held the office of deacon, making almost a continuous line from the formation of the church to the present day: Ephraim, Manasseh, Jaazaniah, William, Ebenezer, David, Isaac, Amariah, Atherton, Jesse, Nathan, Stillman L., and John A. Tucker. 580 HISTORY OF MILTON. Since Ephraim Tucker was ordained deacon, in 1699, there has been, generally, a Deacon Tucker, Senior, and a Deacon Tucker, Junior, as at the present time. Manasseh Tucker was born in Weymouth 1654. He re¬ moved with his father, Robert, to Milton, and died here April 8, 1743, aged eighty-nine years. Samuel Tucker, son of Ma¬ nasseh and Waitstill (Sumner) Tucker, was born in Milton March 15, 1686. Samuel, son of Samuel, first, and Rebecca (Leeds) Tucker, was born in Milton September 27, 1719. Samuel, son of Samuel, second, and Elizabeth (Haywood) Tucker, was born in Milton July 14, 1750, and died in Scott’s Woods July 19, 1841, aged ninety-one years, being the oldest man then in Milton. His great-grandfather, Manasseh, who was here when the town was incorporated, lived until 1743, within about seven years of his birth, and his own life was pro¬ longed to the year 1841. Thus the lives of these two persons extended, with a little break, over the long period of one hun¬ dred and eighty years, embracing all of the history of Milton which is not within the knowledge of the present generation. Manasseh Tucker was one of the four citizens who purchased the “Blue Hill Lands” in 1711. He was then fifty-seven years of age, and doubtless made the purchase for the benefit of his children, as he continued at the homestead, on Brush Hill, during life. His son Samuel, who was then twenty-five years old, married Rebecca Leeds, of Dorchester, March 2, 1711, and commenced life on the new purchase, which was at that time a wilderness, without roads, and remote from inhabitants. His father, Manasseh, who seems, from his inventory, to have had a large property for the times, probably built a house for them on or near the site now occupied by the house of Charles K. Hunt, as the present house of Mr. Hunt, in which Samuel, the third, lived, would hardly bear the age of one hundred and seventy years. In his will Manasseh makes the following be¬ quest : “ I give to my son Samuel Tucker, besides the housing and lands and meadow that I have already given him by deed, the one-half of my lot of land in the third division of the Blue Hill Land, and all my rights in the land lately divided lying in Brantry.” A portion of these lands descended in direct line from his grandfather, through his father, to Samuel, the third, who died in the house, or in the near vicinity, 1841. Capt. Nathaniel Tucker, brother of Samuel, the third, owned the adjoining estate, now belonging to Col. H. S. Russell. At his decease, February 10, 1838, he left a legacy of $1,000 to the poor of Milton, in trust of the minister and deacons of the First /*• H3» EARLY FAMILIES. 581 582 HISTORY OF MILTON. Evangelical Church; he also gave to the above-named church a tract of land on Canton avenue and White’s lane, on a part of which the meeting-house of this church now stands. The children of Samuel Tucker, and their children, owned land in the vicinity of their father’s estate, and some of them lived there until within twenty years. They have now died, or have removed, and their lands have passed into other hands. I know of but one in this line of the family, a grandchild of Samuel Tucker, now resident in Milton. The Hon. David W. Tucker is now the sole representative of the name in Scott’s Woods, where in former years it was so numerous. On Brush Hill there are three families of the Tucker name, in the seventh and eighth generations, still proprietors of lands originally owned by Robert or his sons. On Canton avenue three families represent the name in the sixth and seventh generations from Robert, one of which is on land owned by Manasseh Tucker. VOSE FAMILY, j Robert Vose, The first in the line of the Milton Vose family, was born in Lancaster County, England, about 1599, and died in Milton Oct. 16, 1683, aged eighty-four years. In July, 1654, he purchased of the heirs of the “ Worshipful John Glover” one hundred and seventy-four acres of land on the easterly and southerly side of “ Robert Badcocks River; ” running easterly along the present line of Ruggles lane and School street to Churchill’s lane, and beyond; stretching southerly and westerly as far as Brook road, White street, and the wall east of the house of Charles Breck, and thence to Pleasant street. Over this territory in subsequent years the descendants of Robert Vose were scattered along Canton avenue, in thfe vicinity of School street, on William Yose’s lane (now Churchill’s lane), on Gun Hill and Pleasant streets. A portion of this land, still occupied by his descendants, has remained in the family for nearly two and a half centuries. The purchase also embraced a tract on the south slope of Brush Hill, now in possession of the descendants of Thomas, son of Robert, who in¬ herited it from their ancestors. When Robert Vose came to Dorchester he had three sons, Edward, Thomas, and Henry, and two daughters, Elizabeth and Martha. Edward was born 1636 ; died Jan. 29,1716, aged eighty years. Thomas, born about 1641; died April 3,1708, EARLY FAMILIES. 583 aged sixty-seven years. He was a man of note in his day. For many years he was town recorder, and under his management the town records assumed a systematic and business-like form. He married Waitstill Wyatt; she died 1727, aged eighty-four. Elizabeth, born 1639, married Thomas Swift Dec. 9, 1657; died Jan. 15, 1675, without issue. Martha married Lieut. John Sharp, of Muddy Brook (Brookline) ; he was killed by the Indians April 21, 1676, with Capt. Wadsworth, in the Sudbury fight. She married, second, Buckminster, and was referred to as widow Buckminster when her father died, in 1683. Robert Yosewas a man of influence and note among the early inhabitants of Milton. He lived in the old Glover house, near the junction of Canton avenue and Brook road. He was one of the three petitioners for the incorporation of Milton. By an indenture, drawn June 13, 1662, and executed May 18, 1664, he conveyed to the town through a board of eighteen men, probably embracing every church-member or freeman of the town, eight acres ol land for church purposes, situated on or near Yose’s lane and Centre street, now occupied in part by the house of Mrs. Blanchard. On this lot a ministerial house was erected in 1663, and the second meeting-house in 1671, during the ministry of Rev. Mr. Mighill. Robert Yose was active and zealous in the effort to obtain a meeting-house and to secure the settlement of a per¬ manent ministry. Thacher says: — Sept. 24 1680 old goodman Yose gave me a bai'rel of cider and some honey. May 7, went to pray with our Military Company and then went and dined with Sargent Yose [Thomas] at William Daniells. March 1st, sister Yose [Mrs. Thomas] lodged here all night when Eliza¬ beth was born. Robert Yose lived here through a long life, respected and honored by his fellow-citizens, and came to his grave “ in a full age, like as a shock of corn cometh in in his season.” From this ancestry sprang a long line of honored citizens who have been conspicuous in the history of the town through its entire existence. It would be a pleasant duty to present the full record of this family in its various branches; it is only pos¬ sible, however, to speak of individuals. Nathaniel Vose , The son of Edward, was born in Milton Nov; 17, 1672. He married Mary Belcher, by whom he had six children, and died 584 HISTORY OF MILTON. here Oct. 9, 1758. He and his wife Mary were admitted to the church Dec. 4, 1698. According to Dr. Morison, — Nathaniel was considered the patriarch of the family. He was a New EnglandPuritan in faith and practice, using great self-denial, and educating his children in the most rigid manner of his sect. He ministered daily at the family altar, and continued to do so during the twilight of his life, which passed in the family of his youngest son. Early upon the Sabbath morning would he summon his daughters to the holy duties of the day by loudly pro¬ claiming at their doors that the holy women were early at the sepulchre. But upon other mornings he left them to their rest. Among the last recollections of his favorite grandson, Col. Joseph Yose, was the seventeenth chapter of Jeremiah, which he used to repeat to his children as being the favorite morning lesson for the Sabbath; he had learned it some seventy years before, while sitting on the cricket at his grandfather’s feet, listening to the family exercise. From his frequent reading and quoting from the Scriptures he was often called the “ walking Bible.” As a tiller of the soil he was so successful that his name has been handed down to the present generation as “ Farmer Yose.” Elijah Vose, The fifth child of Nathaniel, was born in Milton Jan. 1, 1708. He was married to Sarah Bent, Feb. 12, 1729-80, by Rev. John Taylor, and died in Milton Nov. 5,1766, aged fifty-eight. Sarah, his widow, died April 5, 1802, aged ninety-two years. His four sons — Joseph, born Nov. 26, 1738 ; died May 22, 1816 ; Elijah, born Feb. 24,1744; died March 19,1822; Moses and Bill—were all military men enrolled in the army, and actively engaged through the long struggle of the Revolution. Their military record is given in the chapter on that war. Gren. Joseph Vose Was married to Sarah How, Dec. 27,1761, by Rev. Mr. Robbins. About this time he built the “ Yose house,” on Canton avenue and Vose’s lane, where his eleven children were born. All his children lived to maturity except Elijah, who died in infancy. Eight of the children were married. Solomon, the eldest, was a graduate of Harvard College; he is spoken of with Milton law¬ yers. Isaac D., the second son, was a merchant in New Orleans; he died in Boston, Oct. 12, 1835. Joseph was deranged from a child. He lived in the McLean Asylum, and died there in 1835. Josiah Howe, the youngest son, was a trader at Augusta, Me. At the commencement of the war of 1812 he entered the army as captain. He died at the commencement of the Mexican war. EARL Y FAMILIES. 585 One of the daughters of Joseph Yose, Naomi, married a son of Major-General Heath. Margaret married Judge Savage, of Salem, Mass., and Sarah married Dr. Osgood, of Andover. The twin sisters, Dolly and Nancy, married the brothers Davis and Elisha Sumner. Nancy, who married Elisha Sumner, was the mother of Major-General Edwin Yose Sumner. Elizabeth Eliot Yose was born in the Yose house in 1785, and lived there more than fifty years. She was named from Madame Eliot, who had a beautiful gold ring made for her, on which was engraved her full name. She was familiarly known by all her friends as “ Aunt Betsey.” Joseph Yose served through the whole war of the Revolution. He had two horses shot under him, and at the close of the war held the office of colonel; he was afterwards promoted. Rev. Dr. James G. Yose has in his possession his grandfather’s commission as a brigadier-general, and also three letters from Lafayette to his grandfather. When General Yose left the army he was paid off in the currency of the times, which brought only two shillings on the pound. Sarah How , The wife of Joseph Yose, was a rare and excellent woman. She died in Milton June 15, 1824, aged eighty-three years. A grandson, in a letter written 1863, says: — She was noted for her piety, strength of character, and amiability. I knew her well, and many a time have sat by her while she related with thrilling interest incidents connected with the war of the Revolution. She would not eat poultry that had been killed by wringing the neck, upon the ground that St. Paul, in one of his epistles, commanded that things strangled should not be eaten. Qol. Elijah Vose, Brother of Joseph, was also in the army during the whole period of the war. He is represented as a fine-looking man, of good proportions and pleasing countenance. He was not so severe a disciplinarian as his brother Joseph, and consequently was more popular with his command. He had two children, — Hon. Elijah Yose, of Boston, who was a successful merchant, and a member of the Cincinnati Society, an honor which he inherited, through his father, from his grandfather, Elijah Yose, who was an original member. His sons, the Hon. Henry Yose and Francis Yose, were also successively members of the Cincinnati. Henry graduated at Harvard College in 1837, and was an eminent lawyer and Judge of the Supreme Court of Massachusetts. He died in Boston Jan. 17, 1869. Francis 586 HISTORY OF MIL TO 1ST. Yose was a successful merchant, but suffered much from ill- health, and died in 1880. Ruth, the daughter of Col. Elijah Yose, married Eben Breed, of Charlestown. Moses and Bill Vose Were likewise patriotic and noble men, serving in the war with their brothers, both holding important stations, the latter a paymaster; and also meeting the duties of faithful citizens in the town during a long life. ■ Col. Josiah Howe Vose , The youngest son of Gen. Joseph, was born in Milton Aug. 8, 1784. His military career is spoken of in the war of 1812. He married, May 3, 1808, Charlotte Cushing, of Scituate, a lady of rare qualities of heart and mind; meek and gentle as a child, and yet gifted with powers equal to the changes and emergencies of a military life. Their eldest son, 1st Lieut. Josiah H. Yose, Jr., received a commission in the U.S.A., December, 1737, and served in Arkansas and in the Seminole war in Florida. His exposures brought on consumption. He left his station for home, and died in New York, June 20, 1841, just eighteen hours after his arrival there, aged twenty-five years. Charlotte C. Yose, their eldest daughter, married Lieut. Thomas O. Barnwell, U.S.A. He graduated at West Point July 1, 1834; she died at Fort Towson, Choctaw Nation, Sept. 9, 1836, aged twenty-five years. Elizabeth Eliot, the second daughter, married Capt. George P. Field, U.S.A. He was born at Black Rock, near Buffalo, and graduated at West Point July 1, 1834. He was engaged in the war with the Seminoles, and afterwards in the Mexican war. He distinguished himself in the battles of the Rio Grande, and fell at the battle of Monterey while gallantly leading his company in the attack on that stronghold. 1st Lieut. Josiah Howe Vose Field, only son of Capt. Field mentioned above, was a Milton boy, and received his education at Milton Academy. He was born at Tampa Bay, Fla., in 1843. He graduated with honor at West Point in 1863, and was appointed to the Department of Ordnance. He was stationed at the Arsenal, Bridesburg, Pa., and afterwards was placed on the staff of Gen. David Hunter, where he was engaged in a dangerous expedition in the valley of the Shenan¬ doah. The fatigue and exposure were too much for his youth and delicate organization. He was attacked with typhoid fever, EARLY FAMILIES. 587 and died at Cumberland, Md., July 14, 1864, aged twenty-one years. James Gardner Yose, the youngest child of Col. Josiah H. Yose, was born March 6, 1880. He was graduated at Yale College in 1851. His first field of labor in the ministry was with the church in Greenfield, Mass. He was soon appointed to the professorship of rhetoric and oratory in Amherst Col¬ lege ; this position he resigned, after a few years, to engage again in his chosen profession. In 1866 he was settled over the Beneficent Church, in Providence, R.I., where he now is. Dr. Yose is a member of the Cincinnati through his father. He received the degree of Doctor of Divinity from Brown University. Thomas Vose line. The branch of the family residing at Brush Hill and on Canton avenue, near Atherton street, descended from the line of Thomas, son of Robert. Thomas, the son of Thomas, had Edward, who settled at the foot of Brush Hill, nearly opposite the residence of the late Elijah Tucker, where the old cellar was seen within a few'years. This land remained in the family until 1882. Edward was the father of Robert, who married Abigail Sumner, of Milton. He was father of Benjamin, born in Milton 1744, died April 18, 1815. He married Esther Sumner, of Milton, and may have obtained through her, in addition to his paternal inheritance, a portion of the Sumner land, which, on the westerly side of Robbins street, in 1747, was bounded by Canton avenue, Brush Hill road, and New lane. Benjamin was the father of Jesse, born 1783, and Jesse was the father of Joshua Whiting, Jesse, and Benjamin C., who, or their children, now own and occupy the land. Capt. Thomas Vose, born March 12, 1707, was the fourth son of Thomas and Hannah Yose; he married Patience, the third daughter and fifth child of Joseph and Rhuama Billings; she was born March 4, 1700, and died March 27, 1760. He lived on Canton avenue, near Atherton street. Their children were : — Daniel, b. Feb. 20, 1741; m. Rachel Smith Nov. 11, 1762; he d. Dee. 7, 1807. Rhuama, b. May 17, 1743 ; m. Josiah Yose. Daniel Yose and Rachel Smith’s children were : — 588 HISTORY OF MILTON,\ Patience, b. Aug. 14, 1763; m. Amos Holbrook Oct. 7, 1783; she d. March 17, 1789. Elizabeth, b. Oct. 20, 1767 ; m. j l^mundB^ker • \ d ' March 28 ’ 1843> Fanny. Daniel T., b. May 17, 1779; d. May 29, 1837. Edmund J. Baker is the son of Edmund Baker and Elizabeth Yose. Jesse Pierce married Elizabeth S. Lillie, the daughter of John Lillie and Elizabeth Yose. The Hon. Henry L. and Edward L. Pierce are their sons. The only child of Dr. Amos Holbrook and Patience Yose was Clarissa, who married Henry Gardner, the father of Gov¬ ernor Gardner. INDIVIDUALS OF THE VOSE FAMILY WHO WENT FJROM MILTON AND SETTLED IN MAINE. Seth , the son of Jonathan, and grandson of Thomas and Hannah, born January 4, 1788-4; went to Thomaston and Cushing. Jesse, son of Jonathan, and grandson of Thomas and Hannah, born March 3, 1742-3; went to Sandy river; died at Kingfield. Thomas, a brother of Jesse, born May 8,1753 ; married Sarah George ; went to Thomaston with General Knox. Soloman, son of Joseph, and grandson of Elijah and Sarah, born July 22, 1768 ; went to Augusta. William, son of William, and grandson of William and Abigail, born April 12, 1778; settled in Portland. Thomas, the son of Thomas, and grandson of Thomas and Abigail, born September 27, 1765; went to Robbinston. Peter Thacher, son of Thomas, and grandson of Robert and Abigail, born September 4, 1769; went to Augusta, but re¬ turned to Massachusetts. Spencer, son of Jonathan, and grandson of Jonathan and Mary, born September 2, 1758; went to Thomaston. David, son of David, and grandson of David and Mehitable, went to Concord, Mass., and went from there to Hampden or Thomaston. Charles, or Robert Charles, the son of Samuel, and grandson of Robert and Miriam, born June 14, 1783, and went to Augusta, and died there. Josiah H., son of Joseph, and grandson of Elijah and Sarah, born August 8, 1784; went to Augusta; from there into EARLY FAMILIES. 589 the regular army, and died a colonel in parade at New Orleans. Lewis , son of Lemuel, and grandson of Jonathan and Mary Yose, born April 3, 1763; was a soldier in the Revolutionary Avar; marched to some of the camps on the Hudson river, and up the Mohawk river to the German Flats; Avas honorably dis¬ charged, and returned to his native town, and was a saddler for many years; married Sally Jones, of Brookline, in 1792; was an ensign, lieutenant, and captain in the militia of Massachu¬ setts ; had two sons and a daughter; all died unmarried. His daughter Sarah was born October, 1805, and died October 11,1883. By her will she left about $7,000 to the Milton Public Library; and to the ministers and deacons of the First Congregational Church in Milton, as a charity fund, to take effect at the death of a cousin and her husband, property estimated to be worth $7,000. WADSWOUTH FAMILY. Capt. Samuel Wadsworth was the son of Christopher and Grace Wadsworth, of Duxbury. Christopher was the common ancestor of the Maine and Massachusetts Wadsworths. It is believed that he came from England in the ship “Lion,” which arrived at Boston Sept. 16, 1632, and settled at Duxbury, the same year, near the residence of Miles Standish. We find Christopher Wadsworth’s name in the first record of freemen in the Plymouth Colony in 1633, and he is recorded as being taxed the same year; his name is appended to a will as a witness with William Bradford, the second governor of Plym¬ outh Colony, under date of Sept. 16, 1633. In 1636 he was chosen one of eight to revise the ordinances of the colony, and served many years as representative and in other places of trust. A part of his estate is now in the possession of his descendants of the same name. Capt. Samuel Wadsworth was born in Duxbury, and moved to Milton, then a part of Dorchester, about 1656. He took the freeman’s oath in 1668. The first time his name appears in the records of Dorchester is in 1661, when he was appointed with others to view the fence in the common cornfield. He took an active part in the formation of the new town of Milton in 1662; he was also active in church and town affairs, his name appearing oftener on the town records the last few years of his life than any other, as selectman and as attorney for the town in collecting debts, and in defending the town in suits brought against it before the Court. See his history in “ King Philip’s War.” 590 HISTORY OF MILTON. In conveyances lie is spoken of first as carpenter, then as yeoman, and last as captain. One deed, dated Sept. 9, 1680, to heirs of Capt. S. Wadsworth, reads as follows: — Capt. Roger Clap of Castle Island in the Massachusetts Bay in New England and Joane his wife in consideration of a valuable sume of lawful money of New England to them in hand formerly paid by Capt Samuel Wadsworth of Milton in the afores d Colony of Massachusetts Bay in New England Dece d in his life time the receipt whereof they do hereby acknowl¬ edge, and themselves fully satisfied and contented, have given, granted, bargained, sold, aliened, enfeoffed and confirmed unto Abigail Wadsworth Relic, widow of s’d Sam’l Wadsworth, and to the heirs of s’d Sami Wads¬ worth a certain parcel of land &c. Capt. Samuel Wadsworth was father of seven children, six sons and a daughter: — Ebenezer, b. 1660 ; d. Aug. 1, 1717, aged fifty-seven yrs. He was deacon of the Milton church. He had four children, —three sons and a daughter. George, the youngest grandson of Capt. Samuel, b. in 1699, was ensign in Captain Goffe’s company of colonial troops at the siege of Havana in 1740. Christopher, b. in 1661; unmarried; d. 1687. Timothy, b. in 1662, was a carpenter and gunmaker. He had four chil¬ dren, two sons, and two daughters. Recompense, the youngest son, grad¬ uated at Harvard College in 1708, and was Master of the Grammar School in Boston ; d. 1713. Timothy moved to Newport, R.I., and died there. Hon. Joseph, b. 1667 ; d. 1750. He was much in public life; was treas¬ urer of Boston for many years. He had one son and three daughters. Rev. Benjamin, b. 1670, graduated at Harvard, 1690. He was ordained minister of the First Church in Boston, Sept. 8, 1696; was made President of Harvard College July 7, 1725, and died March 16, 1734. He married Ruth Curwin, of Salem, but left no children. Abigail, b. 1672; m. Andrew Boardman, of Cambridge. Deacon John, of Milton, b. 1674 ; d. 1734. He was the Milton Repi-esen- tative at the General Court 1717-1725-26 and 1732-33. He married Eliza¬ beth Yose and had twelve children. It is from him that the branch of the family now occupying the old homestead in Milton is descended. Deacon John Wadsworth was associated with Manasseh Tucker, Samuel Miller, and Moses Belcher, 1711, in the pur¬ chase of the “Blue Hill Lands,” fifteen hundred acres of which were annexed to Milton in 1712. His eldest son, Rev. John, horn 1708, graduated at Harvard 1723. He was ordained at Canterbury Sept. 17, 1728, settled in Palmer, Mass., and finally moved to Coos, N.H. He died in Milton June 15, 1766, aged sixty-three years. Deacon Benjamin Wadsworth, second son of Deacon John, born in Milton 1707 ; married Esther Tucker in 1735, and died Oct. 17, 1771, aged sixty-four years. He had ten children. He built a house about the time of his marriage, which is still stand- EARL Y FAMILIES. 591 ing on Wadsworth. Hill, Milton. Only two of his sons lived to manhood. One of these, Rev. Benjamin, was born 1751; graduated at Harvard 1769, and was ordained in Danvers, Mass., 1773, where he died in 1826, in the fifty-fourth year of his ministry, aged seventy-five. He was honored with the degree of S.T.D. in 1816. He published a sermon preached at the ordination of Josiah Badcock, 1783 ; two Thanksgiving sermons, 1795-96, and a dedication sermon, 1807. His second daughter married Hon. John Ruggles, of Milton. John, eldest son of Deacon Benjamin, was born in 1739; mar¬ ried Katherine Bullard, and had five children. He was one of the minute-men in 1775, and started with his company for the battle-field at Lexington, but was unable to proceed, being then in ill-health. He died the same year, aged thirty-six, leaving a widow and four small children, all too young to take part in the war that followed ; but his patriotic widow sent her team to transport the fascines for the fortifica¬ tion of Dorchester Heights. Three of John’s sons settled in Milton, and divided the old homestead between them. Joseph, the eldest, was a blacksmith. Benjamin, the second son, was a wheelwright and plough-maker. Wooden ploughs only were made in those days. The Wads¬ worth plough became famous not only in Milton, but in all adjoining towns. Deacon William, the third son, was a cabinet-maker. The only representatives of the family left in Milton are Charles Wadsworth, residing on Randolph avenue, and Capt. Edwin D. Wadsworth, both of the sixth generation from Capt^ Samuel. Captain Wadsworth lives on the original Wadsworth estate, and near his residence is the house built by Deacon Benjamin, grandson of Capt. Samuel, one hundred and fifty years ago. 592 HISTORY OF MILTON. CHAPTER XVIII. FLOWERS, TREES, BIRDS. FLOWERS OF MILTON. T that charming season “ When spring unlocks the flowers to paint the laughing soil; ” when every breeze is balmy with health, and every shower comes down laden with plenty, and every voice from the thicket is music; when the soft dews of Hermon glisten on every spire of grass, and trembling leaf, and opening flower, the observing eye may discern within our borders, by the wayside, and by the rivulet, in field and in glen, a fulness and richness of floral beauty unsurpassed in any section. Words cannot paint the scene which the Creating Hand spreads out before all his children, year by year, in the open book of nature; but from this charming display we may learn that God loves beauty and fragrance, and would have us love them. While we would fain linger in these spring-bejewelled paths, and note every opening flower, we can only, as we rapidly pass along, glance at a few, not overlooking the modest among the showy. The wild flora of Milton is rich in common varieties, while some rare species may be claimed as native to our soil. Liverwort [Anemone Hepatica ]. — On the lower wooded slopes of the Blue Hills, after a few mild days in April, may be found abundant specimens of the Liverw’ort. It is one of the first and most interesting of our plants, send¬ ing up among the dry forest leaves a slender, hairy stem, with a purple, sometimes nearly white, blossom. Removing the covering the trees have dropped upon it, the liver-shaped leaves are seen that give name to the flower. These survive the cold season, and help to keep the plant alive ready to welcome the return of spring. Having finished their winter’s watch they perish, and give place to the next, which shall perform the same office the next season of cold. wf^ere-orj th e %vifef lliyrfje blowj, W here ©x-fipj md t% noddiijgVioletj grow; (slyiteover-c^opieci "wity fojf-j W0©dbiqe ? W ith' sweet iTfUfkTo^ &T|d. Wifl'l ' ' eg v< MiOSy MMER NIOHIS ORE AM “ '^iC FLOWERS. 593 These are found also in the grove of the William M. Hunt estate, near the West schoolhouse, and at East Milton, near the quarries of the Granite Railway Company. Wood Anemone [. Anemone Nemordsa]. — At the same time, or earlier, the roadsides and hedges show here and there the single white or purplish Wood Anemone, the wind-flower of the Greeks; so called, says Gray, because “the flower was thought to open only when the wind blows.” Rite Anemone \_Anemonella Thalictroides ]. — In the same localities, sometimes side by side with this, its cousin, the Rue Anemone may be seen, though much more rarely. It has a delicate umbel of star-shaped, white, rarely pinkish, flowers. It is to be noted that the prevailing color of our earliest flowers is white. Hotjstonia, or Innocence [ Houstonia Coerulea]. —About the fifteenth of April, in favorable seasons, the open fields under cultivation display patches of this delicate flower. This is always a favorite with young flower-seekers, the abundance of its yellow-eyed blossoms making it certain they will fill their baskets. Bigelow, in his “ Plants of Boston,” says: “ The long-leaved Houstonia ( Houstonia purpurea , var. longifolia ) ,is found in dry soils at Blue Hills in Milton.” In giving localities where he has observed our native plants this author refers to no town, except Roxbury, more frequently than Milton, —a proof that our flora was noticed as abundant years ago by one who was famil¬ iar with the flowers in their haunts in all Eastern Massa¬ chusetts. Violet. —-The Violet family is represented in Milton by at least twelve of our native species. Bigelow, already referred to, speaks of their changeableness, owing to situation, time of flowering, humidity, and drought; so that one species is liable to be mistaken for another, inas¬ much as most of the violets are in flower at the same season. By the wayside, on the sunny slopes of hills, at the foot of isolated forest trees, and in secluded woodlands and fields, where no eye but the insect or bird will see them, they love to dwell. In May or June in their chosen haunts may be found the Lance-leaved Violet [ V. Lanceolata], the Sweet-scented White [ V Bldnda ] both of which are fragrant, the latter distinctly so; the Birdfoot [F". Pedata~\ ; the Hoodleaved [I 7 ". Cuculldta~\, so very common and various in its growth and especially in its color, being, as Gray says, “deep or pale violet — blue or purple, sometimes nearly white, or variegated with white; ” the Dog- 594 HISTORY OF MILT OX. violet [ V. Canina ]; the Arrow-leaved [ V. Sagittdta] ; the Priinrose-leaved [ V. Primulce-folia], Then there is our only Yellow Violet [V. Pubescens] , which blossoms in low grounds from April to October. Viola Odorata, the sweet violet of Europe, is also found grow¬ ing spontaneously in the grounds about the churches, having evidently strayed from a neighboring garden. Dandelion [ Taraxicum Officinale ]. — How do the eyes of childhood and age gladden at the sight of the first Dandelion ! Its golden circlet appears complete before we suspect it has awakened from its winter sleep, and the whole household is summoned to the sunny spot to welcome the herald of the domestic flowers. It seems like the reflection of God’s smile upon his children. “ Dear common flower that grow’st beside the way, Fringing the dusty road with harmless gold.” Bloodroot [, Sanguinaria Canadensis], — This plant has been discovered lately on the line of the old road running from Randolph avenue, near the residence of D. W. Tucker. The root is surcharged with a red-orange juice, from which arises its name. The flowers are white and handsome. Lady’s Slipper \_Cypripedium Acaule], — On the banks of the Neponset, at Mattapan, nearly opposite Mr. S. A. Burt’s house, and also near Quarry street, and in the meadows near Williams avenue, grows the unique Lady’s Slipper. No one who has once read a good description would fail to. recognize this plant at once, without analysis. Two large oval, downy, plaited leaves starting from the same point in the earth, separate as they grow, and send up, as if from their clasp, a single stem, at the top of which is the drooping blossom, look¬ ing, for all the world, as though it might be the wreck of a fairy balloon, with a slit the whole length of its purple silk covering. The botanist, however, tells you this is not properly the flower, but only the petal enlarged and inflated into this singular shape. The Indian called it Moccasin Flower. Some know it as the Whip-poor-will Moccasin. Wild Columbine \_Aquilegia Canadensis], — On the dry hills and pastures, along the sides, and in the seams in the rocks, the Wild Columbine hangs out on the ends of slender branches, its pendulous flowers scarlet without and yellow within. It has five petals, that resemble straight horns alternating with the sepals* and their rich stores offer a tempting bait to the honey- loving insects. FLOWERS. 595 The bumble-bee, like a miner, bores for them from without. The Ruby-throat, our only humming bird, knows where the Columbine grows, and, poised on rapid wing, he settles himself beneath the dower, remaining almost motionless, like a pendant jewel, until he has rided all the sweets, when he darts, like an arrow, to the next, until his repast is dnished. Forget-me-not \_Myosotis laxa ].* — -Almost any time from June to October the lover of dowers may dnd on the Jason Reed estate, or near Central avenue, another prize in the Forget- me-not. Why a plant, whose generic name means a “ mouse’s ear,” and whose former name was “Scorpion Grass,” should ever have been chosen for remembrance in a sentimental way, is not apparent. But this pale blue blossom with its yellow eye, that now so long has borne this charming name, will attract us to its haunts; and young and old will pronounce this new, . sweet name with a thrill of joy as long as our tongue is spoken. “ The bright-eyed flow’ret of the brook — Hope’s gentle gem, —the sweet Forget-me-not.” Nodding Trillium [Trillium Cernuum ]. — In the woods on the estate of the late William M. Hunt, the artist, and also on the Rotch estate, grows this singular dower. Its simple blossom always nods, or bends down, so as to hide itself beneath the three large roundish leaves. Northern Calla [Calla Palustris]. — On the south side of Canton avenue, nearly opposite the Center schoolhouse, are found two plants somewhat rare in the vicinity. One of them, it is believed, grows nowhere else for miles around. One is the Northern Calla, the American species allied to the popular Egyptian Calla of our dwellings. It grows near the little stream just east of where it dows, under Canton avenue, and within half-a-dozen steps of the road. Its creeping root-stock, as large as the finger, sends up a profusion of smooth, heart- shaped leaves, from the midst of which the nearly round stem rises, bearing the blossom, white within, somewhat like the house Calla, but much smaller. The root is acrid, like that of the Arum, but loses its pungency on drying. Linnseus says, “The Laplanders use it for making bread.” The other plant found in various parts of the same meadow, and also along the wet edges of Mattapan street, is the Buck Bean \Menyanthes Trifoliata\. — This is one of the most delicate and beautiful dowers. The root penetrates the bog earth to a great distance horizontally, intersected with joints at each half-inch, from which arise the leaves with three oval somewhat deshy leadets. 596 HISTORY OF MILTON. The flower stalk, nearly a foot high, bears a conical cluster of funnel-shaped flowers, white, with the least tinge of pink, their upper surface densely covered with minute fibers, which might be imagined the cotton of the fairies. Arethtjsa [Arethusa Bulbosa]. — Gray places this among the rare plants. It is abundant in some of our wet meadows in May and June. In the low land between Canton avenue and the ice-pond, and also on Blue Hill avenue, near Mrs. Hemmen- way’s pond, it will always reward your search. The erect, smooth stem, leafless in young specimens, bears at its top a single sweet-scented flower, rarely two, of a bright rose-purple, so clear that it seems like woven sunbeams, the five petals taking somewhat the form of an open mouth, curving to one side, and having the lip curled, and bearded in the middle, and its purple variegated with gold and white. Clematis [ Clematis Virginiana]. -—In August the Clematis is in blossom. Bigelow says: 1,4 It is very abundant on the banks of the Neponset river, Milton.” He might now add, “ and in all sections of the town.” It is a hardy, climbing vine, the stems of its leaves winding around the bushes over which it grows. These are flecked all over with its numerous cymes of white. It is most remarkable, however, when in fruit. The long, feathery, coiled-up tails of its seeds resemble tufts of wool. Another name for the plant is 44 Traveller’s Joy.” Such, indeed, it proves in its wild and graceful festooning of hedge and wall along the dusty thoroughfare. Its other common name is said to have been given by Queen Elizabeth when she saw one of the species imported to England. 44 Let it be called ‘Virgin’s Bower,’ she said, 44 for young maidens will delight to sit beneath its pleasant shade.” Goldenrod [Solidago Canadensis']. Aster [Aster Laevis]. — The Goldenrods and Asters, blooming at the same time, mingle their showy colors, and all over our town bedeck high¬ way and field with brightness and beauty. Along the roadside, like the flowers of gold, That tawny Incas for their gardens wrought, Heavy with sunshine droops the goldenrod.” “ And crowding close along the way, The purple Asters blossom free; In full profusion far and wide, They fill the path on every side, In loose confusion multiplied To endless harmony.” FLOWERS. 597 Fringed Gentian [Grentiana Crinita]. — In the low mead¬ ows, at the base of the Blue Hills, late in September and October, the beautiful Fringed Gentian may be seen. “ Those blossoms bright with autumn dew, And colored with the heaven’s own blue.” It is quite rare here. The flower is of a deep purple, fringed at the top, sometimes almost twisted, but always of a nearly square tubular opening. It might almost seem that in this late-comer nature was bidding good-by to the flower-seeker till the next spring shall begin the new display. There is one, however, that blossoms still later, it is the Witch Hazel [. Hamamelis Virginica]. — It grows in damp woods, and may be found among the maples opposite the Cen¬ ter schoolhouse, unless recently cut away. It is a small, bushy tree, sending up a number of oblique trunks, sometimes of the size of a man’s arm. Along the smaller branches the sessile flowers are seen, about three together, of a golden yellow. They are the last of a “ beauteous sisterhood, the gentle race of flowers,” and they remain till the last autumn leaves have fallen ; yes, far into the coldest season, when the winding-sheet of snow is upon the ground, as if they would stay till they could report to the next race of plants what transpired in their win¬ ter’s sleep. flowering shrubs and trees. Barberry [ Berberis Vulgaris]. — No description of our flora would pass by the Barberry. Few shrubs are more com¬ mon along our highway and on gravelly soil, and scarcely any more beautiful. The branches are armed with triple thorns, sharper than any needle. The yellow flowers appear in June in hanging clusters. These show a degree of irritability hardly exceeded by the sensitive plant itself. When the flower is fully open the stamens are seen spread out on the inside of the corolla. If now the filament is touched with a spire of grass, or a pin, it instantly contracts and throws the pollen swiftly against the stigma. The abundant clusters of blossoms, suc¬ ceeded in the autumn by its deep-red berries, place this among our prettiest shrubs. Wax-work [Celastrus Scandens] . — In autumn, at a few places in the westerly part of the town, especially near Mr. Lewis Davenport’s, is found this plant, called with us Roxbury Wax-work. It is a strong, woody vine, like the ivy, climbing 598 HIS TOR Y OF MIL TON. small trees, but not as a parasite, preferring walls and fences for support. I have said in the autumn, for it is not conspicuT ous till the frost touches the ripe orange-colored capsule, when its three valves turn backward, disclosing the bright scarlet berries, which retain their hues long after the leaves have dis¬ appeared. Mountain Laurel [Kalmia Latifolia]. — A few years ago the tract known as “ Church land,” west of Mattapan street, was the home of the charming Mountain Laurel. Its smooth, oval leaves defy the severest cold of winter, being ever-green like those of the pine family. Its flowers vary from white to red, but it is their perfect symmetry which is their chief attrac¬ tion, and he who shall imitate their tasteful form in some article of use or ornament will deserve well of his race. The tube of the flower is cylindrical, its upper part spreading while its mar¬ gin is entirely erect and five-cleft. Then on the inside, at regular intervals, are ten depressions or pits, accompanied by corresponding knobs on the outside. In these pits the tops of the stamens grow till they are perfected, when they liberate themselves with a spring, shedding the pollen against the stigma, — a new proof that the great Forming Hand fashions every one of his works in wisdom. A few years since, Mr. Joshua W. Yose transplanted a root of the Laurel from this locality into his garden, which continued to bloom in its new home. If the woodman’s axe and fire (both of which have since been in that spot) have spared it, we have not lost our most ornamental shrub. But a diligent search over parts of the “Church land” has failed to discover this much-sought-for prize. Flowering Dogwood \_Cornus Florida Q.— If we carefully observe the woods, in addition to the common trees found in every town, we can see in Milton the Flowering Dogwood, or, as some call it, the Wild Tulip Tree. It is found in the woods around the base of Blue Hill. There is one tree left on Highland street, near the residence of the late Deacon Samuel Adams, and another near the head of Thacher street, west of the Academy. When in full flower it is the most ornamental of our shrubs. Its large white blos¬ soms nearly hide the green leaves not fully grown at time of flowering; this, with its small size, give it a tent-like appear¬ ance. Donald G. Mitchell says, “It pitches its white tent in the edge of the forest.” The Tupelo \_Nyssa Multijlora ]. — This flowering tree is not uncommon in Milton. One grows in the High School grounds, near the large white oak south of the building. This FLOWERS. 599 is the tree called by so many different names. Dr. Emerson, in “Trees and Shrubs of Massachusetts,” says of it: — In Bristol and south-eastern Massachusetts it is the Snag Tree, some¬ times Horn Pine ; in the western part of the State, the Pepperidge ; often in every part, the Hornbeam, from the toughness of its wood; in the middle and southern part, the Gum Tree. Tupelo is the Indian name, and will probably be retained. Dr. Emerson, whose language I have in part used above, made a journey of twenty-five miles expressly to see one of these trees standing in Cohasset. He found it a giant of its kind, with a trunk eleven feet in circumference, a height of fifty feet, and a top sixty-six feet in diameter. The one on the Academy grounds in Milton is a perfect cone in shape, its leaves of a clear green in summer, changing later to a rich scarlet and crimson, at which season it is covered with its bright-blue fruit, rendering it an interesting object. Hop Hobnbeam [ Ostrya Virginica ]. — This receives its name from the resemblance of its spike or seed-vessel to the hop. One or'more of these may be seen near the pound on Canton avenue, and also on the B. S. Rotch estate, shading the avenue a short distance from its entrance. The wood of this tree is close-grained, tough, and stiff, rendering it suitable for levers, which has given it the name of “ Leverwood.” Its extreme hardness suggests the name of “ Ironwood.” This property fits it for use in making cogs for mill-wheels. The many plants and shrubs of Milton of which no mention is made in this brief descriptive treatise can only be enumer¬ ated, with their haunts and times of flowering, in the list of the Trees and Plants of Milton, herewith subjoined. In making up this list we have received assistance from Mr. S. D. Hunt, the first High School teacher of Milton, and also from the High School botany teachers and classes of 1884 and 1885; but the most valuable aid has been from Judge Joseph R. Churchill, of Dorchester, whose herbarium of fifteen hundred species of plants and flowers contains all the varieties of Milton plants named in the list. This pleasant hour of communion with the flowers must end. “ Were I in churchless solitudes remaining, Far from all voices of teachers or divines, My soul would find in flowers of God’s ordaining, Priests, Sermons, Shrines.” 600 HISTOR Y OF MILTON. LIST OF TREES AND PLANTS GROWING NATURALLY IN MILTON. (Introduced plants are printed in italics.) Botanical Name. Common Name. Buttercup Family. Actsea alba. Bigel. Anemone Hepatica, L. Anemone nemorosa, L. Anemone Virginiana, L. Anemonella thalictroides, \ Spach. ) Aquilegia Canadensis, L. Caltha palustris, L. Clematis Virginiana, L. Coptis trifolia, Salisb. Ranunculus abortivus, L. Ranunculus acris, L. Ranunculus aquatilis, L. ) Var. Trichophyllus, Gray. j Ranunculus bulbosus, L. Ranunculus Pennsylvani -) cus, L. f. S Ranunculus repens, L. White Baneberry. Liverwort. Wood Anemone. Tall Anemone. Rue Anemone. Wild Columbine. I Cowslip or Marsh j Marigold, i Virgin’s Bower or I Clematis. Goldthread. I Small-flowered I Crowfoot. Tall Buttercup. I White Water-crow- } foot. Bulbous Crowfoot. Bristly Crowfoot. Creeping Crowfoot. Thalictrum dioicum, L. Early Meadow Rue. Thalictrum polygamum,Muhl. Meadow Rue. Thalictrum purpurascens, L. Purple Meadow Rue. Barberry Family. Berb'eris vulgaris, L. "Water-Lily Family. Brasenia peltata, Pursh. Nuphar advena, Ait. Nymphsea odorata, Ait. Barberry. Water-Shield. Yellow Pond-Lily. Water-Lily. Flowering. Locality. May. April. April-May. June-Aug. April. May. | May. | July-Aug. May. | April-June. May-Aug. | July. May-July. Woods about Blue Hill. ( Hunt Woods, Blue Hill, ( East Milton. Shady places. Woods and meadows. Woods. Rocky places. ( Wet meadows,Mattapan • j street. Roadsides. Bogs. Open woods. Meadows and fields. Brooks. Meadows and fields. May-June. May-Aug. April-May. Aug.-Sept. Wet places. Moist, shady places. ( Rocky woods and hill- ) sides. Meadows. Blue Hill, etc. May-June. Everywhere. June-Aug. May-Sept. June-Sept. Ponds and streams. Stagnant water. Blue Hill River. Pitcher Plants. Barracenia purpurea, L. ( Side-saddle flower, | or Pitcher Plant. Poppy Family. Chelidonium magus, L. Sanguinaria Canadensis, L. Fumitory Family. Corydalis glauca, Pursh. Mustard Family. Barbarea vulgaris, R. Br. Brassica alba , Gray. Cakile Americana, Nutt. Capsella Bursa pastoris, ) Moench. 5 Cardamine hirsuta, L. Cardamine hirsuta, L. Var. I sylvatica, Gray. \ Lepidium Virginicum, L. Nasturtium Armoracia, Fries. Nasturtium officinale , R. Br. Nasturtium palustre, DC. Raphanus Raphanistrum, L. Sisymbrium officinale, Scop. B,ock-Bose Family. Helianthemum Canadense,) Michx. \ Lechea minor, Walt. Celandine. Blood-Root. Pale Corydalis. Winter Cress. White Mustard. Sea-Rocket. Shepherd’s Purse. Bitter Cress. Bitter Cress. Wild Peppergrass. Horse Radish. Water-Cress. Marsh-Cress. Wild Radish. Hedge Mustard. ( Frost Weed; Rock j Rose. Pin Weed. May-Aug. April-May. May-July. May. June. July-Sept. April-Sept. May-July. May-July. June-Sept. May-Sept. May-Sept. June-Sept. August. May-Sept. June-Aug. June-Sept. Bogs, Blue Hill River. Waste grounds. Scott’s Woods. Rocky places. Randolph avenue. Waste places. Sea-side. Common weed. Wet places. Blue Hill summit, etc. Roadsides. Gardens and moist lands. Brooks and ditches. Wet ditches. A troublesome weed. Waste places. | Pastures on Randolph Blue Hill. TREES AND PLANTS. 601 List of Trees and Plants in Milton. — Continued. Botanical Name. Common Name. Flowering. Locality. Violets. Viola blanda, Willd. Sweet White Violet. April-May. Meadows, Harland street. Viola canina, L. Var. Muh-) lenbergii, Gray. ) Viola lanceolata, L. Dog Violet. April-May. Woods, Blue Hill. Lance-leaved Violet. April-June. Lowgrounds everywhere. Viola palmata, L. Var. cu- ) cullata, Gray. S Common Blue Violet. April-June. Low grounds. Viola pedata, L. Bird-foot Violet. May. ( Common on Blue Hill, ) gravelly soil. Viola primulifolia, L. Primrose-leaved Violet. May-July. Damp soil. Viola pubescens, Ait. Downy Yellow Violet. May-Aug. Low woods. Viola sagittata, Ait. Arrow-leaved Violet. April-May. Open places. Milkworts. Polygala sanguinea, L. Milkwort. July-Sept. Sandy and moist ground. Blue Hill. Polygala verticillata, L. Slender Milkwort. June-Oct. Pink Family. Arenaria lateriflora, L. Sandwort. June-Aug. Sandy waste places. Cerastinm viscomm, L. Mouse-ear Chickweed. May-July. Grassy fields and copses. Dianthns Armeria, L. Deptford Pink. July. Fields. Lepigonum rubrum, Pries. Sand Spurrey. July. Fields. Lepigonum salinum, Fries. Spurrey. July. Shore, Granite Bridge. Saponaria officinalis, L. ( Soapwort, Bounc- ) / ing Bet. i July-Sept. Roadsides. Silene antirrhina, L. Sleepy Catchfly. Bladder Campion. June-Sept. Dry soil. Silene inflata, 8m. July. Highland street. Silene noctiflora, L. (Night-flowering ) ) Catchfly. ) July. Waste places. Spergula arvensis, L. Corn Spurrey. July. Grainfields. Stellaria borealis, Bigel. Northern Stitchwort. June-Aug. Shaded swamps. Stellaria graminea, L. Starwort. June-Aug. Roads and fields. Stellaria media, Sm. Common Chickweed. June-Aug. Around dwellings. Anychia dichotoma, Michx. Forked Chickweed. June-Aug. Blue Hill, dry woods. Sclerantbus annuus, L. Knawel. June-Aug. Cultivated grounds. Purslane. Portulaca oleracea, L. Common Purslane. June-Aug. Cultivated grounds. St. John’s-Worts. Elodea campanulata, Pursh. Marsh St. John’s-wort. July-Aug. Harland street, in brook. Hypericum Canadense, L. St. John’s-wort. June-Oct. Wet soil. Hypericum ellipticum, Hook. St. John’s-wort. July-Aug. Wet places. Hypericum maculatum, Walt. St. John’s-wort. July-Aug. Moist ground. Hypericum mutilum, L. St. John’s-wort. July-Aug. Low places. Hypericum nudicaule, Walt. j Orange Grass; Pine-) ( weed. i July-Aug. Sandy fields. Hypericum perforatum, L. Common St. John’s -) ( wort. j June-Sept. Pastures and meadows. Mallows. Malva moschata, L. Musk Mallow. July-Sept. Around gardens. Malva rotwidifolia, L. Common Mallow. July-Sept. Cultivated grounds. Linden. Tilia Americana, L. Basswood. June. Woods. Flax. Linum Virginianum, L. Wild Flax. June-Aug. Blue Hills, dry woods. Geraniums. Geranium maculatum, L. Wild Crane’s Bill. April-July. Open woods and fields. Geranium Robertianum, L. Herb Robert. June-Oct. Shady ravines. Impatiens fulva, Nutt. Balsam Weed. June-Oct. Moist places. Oxalis corniculata, L. Var. 1 stricta, Sav. $ Yellow Wood-Sorrel. May-Sept. j Fields and cultivated I grounds. Prickly Ash. Xanthoxylum Americanum, ) Mill. j Northern Prickly Ash. May. Near Houghton’s Pond. 602 HISTORY OF MILTON. List of Trees and Plants in Milton. — Continued. Botanical Name. Common Name. Flowering. Locality. Holly. Ilex verticillata, Gray. Black Alder. May. Low lands. Nemopanthes Canadensis, ) DC. 1 Mountain Holly. May. Deep woods. Celastraeeae. Celastrus scandens, L. ( Wax-work; Climb-) ( ing Bitter-sweet, j June. West part of the town. Buckthorns. Ceanothus Americanus, L. New Jersey Tea. July. Dry woodlands. Rhamnus cathartica, L. Common Buckthorn. July. Roadsides. Rotch woods. Vine Family. Ampelopsis quinquefolia, ) Virginian Creeper. July. Along walls everywhere. Vitis aestivalis, Michx. Summer Grape. Northern Fox Grape. May-June. Thickets. Vitis Labrusca, L. June. Moist thickets. Maples. Acer Pennsylvanicum, L. Striped Maple. June. Blue Hill. Acer rubrum, L. Red or Swamp Maple. April. Swamps and woods. Acer saccharinum, Wangenh. Sugar Maple. April-May. Roadsides, introduced. Sumachs. Rhus copallina, L. Dwarf Sumach. July. Blue Hill. Rhus glabra, L. Smooth Sumach. July. Rocky soils. Rhus Toxicodendron, L. Poison Ivy. Rocks and walls. Rhus typhina, L. Staghorn Sumach. Hillsides. Rhus venenata, DC. J Poison Sumach; ) ( Dog-wood. ) June. j Swamps about Blue Hill, ( Opp. Centre School. Pea Family. Amphicarpsea rnonoica, Ell. Hog Peanut. Aug.-Sept. Rich woodlands. Apios tuberosa, Moench. j Groundnut; Wild ) f Bean. t August. { Moist thickets, Mattapan \ street. Baptisia tinctoria, R. Br. Wild Indigo. June-Aug. Roadsides. Cassia Chamsecrista, L. Partridge Pea. August. Sandy Helds. Cassia nictitans, L. Partridge Pea. August. Sandy fields. Desmodium acuminatum, DC. Desmodium Canadense, DC. Tick-Trefoil. July. Woods about Blue Hills. Trefoil. August. Woods about Blue Hills - . Desmodium Dillenii, Dar- ) lington. ) Trefoil. August. Woods about Blue Hills. Desmodium Marylandicum, 1 Boott. j Trefoil. July-Sept. Woods about Blue Hills. Desmodium nudiflorum, DC. Trefoil. August. Woods about Blue Hills. Desmodium paniculatum, DC. Trefoil. July. Woods about Blue Hills. Desmodium rotundifolium, ) DC. j Trefoil. August. Woods about Blue Hills. Lathyrus maritime s, Bigel. Beach Pea. June-Aug. Sea-coast, Lespedeza capitata, Michx. Bush Clover. Sept. Blue Hills. Eespedeza hirta, Ell. Bush Clover. Aug.-Sept. Blue Hills. Lespedeza'repens, Barton. Bush Clover. August. Blue Hills. Lespedeza reticulata, Pers. Bush Clover. August. Blue Hills. Lespedeza violacea, Pers. Medicago lupulina, L. Bush Clover. Aug.-Sept. Blue Hills. Medick. Aug.-Sept. Dry soil. Robinia Pseudacacia, L. 1 Common Locust or j ) False Acacia. i June. Centre street, introduced. Tephrosia Virginiana, Pers. Goat’s Rue; Catgut. June-July. Blue Hills. Trifolium agrurium, L. Yellow or Hop Clover. Rabbit-foot Clover. June-July. Sandy fields. Trifolium arvense, L. June-July. Fields. Trifolium hybridum, L. Hybrid Clover. June-July. Fields. Trifolium pratense, L. Red Clover. June-July. Cultivated fields. Trifolium repens , L. White Clover. June-July. Pastures. Yicva. sativa, L. Common Vetch or Tare. July. Cultivated fields. Bose Family. Agrimonia Eupatoria, L. Common Agrimony. July-Sept. Borders of woods. Amelanchier Canadensis, T. ) &G. | Shad-Bush. April-May. Woods. TREES AND PLANTS. 608 List of Trees and Peants in Milton. — Continued. Botanical Name. Common Name. Flowering. Locality. Crataegus coccinea, L. Fragaria Virginiana, Du- ) Scarlet-Fruited Thorn. May. Thickets. Strawberry. May-June. Meadows. Geum album, Gmel. White Avens. May-Aug. Hedges and thickets. Pirus arbutifolia, L. f. Choke-Berry. May-June. Damp thickets. Potentilla Anserina, L. Silver-weed. June-Sept. Salt marshes. Potentilla argentea, L. Silvery Cinque-foil. April-0 ct. Dry, barren fields. Potentilla Canadensis, L. Common Cinque-foil. April-Oct. Dry fields. Potentilla Canadensis, L. ) Far. simplex, T. & G. ( Cinque-foil. April-Oct. Dry fields. Potentilla Norvegica, L. Cinque-foil. April-Oct. Dry fields. Prunus Pennsylvanica, L. f. Wild Red Cherry. May. Rocky woods. Woods. Prunus serotina, Ehrh. Wild Black Cherry. May. Prunus Virginiana, L. Choke-Cherry. May. Woods and fields. Rosa Carolina, L. Rosa lucida, Ehrh. Rosa rubiginosa, L. Swamp Rose. Dwarf Wild-Rose. June-Sept. May-July. Low grounds, Common, dry soil. Roadsides, thickets. Sweet-Brier. June-Aug. Rubus Canadensis, B. j Low Black berry.) ) Dewberry. ( May. Hills and pastures. Rubns hispidus, L. ( Running Swamp ) Blackberry. j June. Low lands. Rubus occidentalis, L. i Black Raspberry. ) l Thimbleberry. ( May. Blue Hills. Rubus strigosus, Michx. V ild Red Raspberry. May. About Blue Hills. Rubus villosus, Ait. (Common or High) ) Blackberry. ( May. Borders of thickets. Spiraea salieifolia, L. j Common Meadow-) 1 Sweet. i July. Wet grounds. Spiraea tomentosa, L. Hardhack. July. Low grounds, pastures. Saxifrage Family. Chrysosplenium American- ) um, Scbw. j Golden Saxifrage. April-May. Thatcher street. Ribes oxyacantboides, L. Gooseberry. May. Blue Hills. Saxifraga Pennsylvanica. L. Swamp Saxifrage. May-June. Bogs. Saxif raga Virginiensis, Michx. Early Saxifrage. April-June. Exposed rocks. Orpines. Penthorum sedoides, L. Ditch Stone-crop. July-Oct. Wet places. Sedum Telephium, L. ( Garden Orpine, or ) ( Live-for-ever. ] June. Rocks and banks. Sundews. Drosera intermedia, Drev. & 1 Hayne. Far. Americana, > DC. ) Sundew. July. Harland-st. woods. Drosera rotundifolia, L. Round-leaved Sundew. July-Aug. Peat bogs. ■Witch Hazel. f Randolph ave.; Grove Hamamelis Virginiana, L. Witch Hazel. October. < opposite Centre ( School, etc. Deergrass. Rhexia Virginica, D. ( Deer Grass. Mead- ) < ow-Beauty. j July. j Brook road, near the < brook. Lythracese. Nesaea verticillata, HBK. Swamp Loosestrife. July-Sept. Pine-tree Brook. Evening-Primrose Family. Circsea alpina, R. ( Enchanter’s Night-) ) shade. j July. Gun Hill. Circsea Lutetiana, L. ( Enchanter’s Night- j ( shade. ) July. ( Moist woodlands, Gun ) Hill. Epilobium coloratum, Muhl. Willow-Herb. July-Sept. Wet places. Epilobium palustre, L. Far. ) lineare, Gray. j Willow-Herb. July-Sept. Bogs. Epilobium spicatum, Lam. Willow-Herb. July-Sept. About Blue Hills. 604 HISTORY OF MILTON. List of Trees and Plants in Milton. — Continued. Botanical Name. Common Name. Flowering. Locality. (Enothera biennis, L. GSnothera pnmila. L. Ludwigia palustris, Ell. Evening Primrose. Primrose. Water Purslane. June-Sept. June. July-0 ct. Everywhere. Dry fields. Ditches. Gourd Family. Echinocystis lobata, T. & Gi. Wild Balsam-Apple. July-0 ct. Randolph ave., etc. Ficoideae. Mollugo verticillata, L. Parsley Family. Cicuta maculata, L. Daucus Garota, L. Hydrocotyle Americana, L. Ligusticum Scoticum, L. Peucedanum sativum, Benth. Hook. Sanicula Marylandica, L. Sium cieutsefolium, Gmel. Carpet Weed. Spotted Cowbane. Common Carrot. Water Pennywort. Scotch Lovage. Parsnip. Black Snake-Root. Water Parsnip. Sandy places. August. July-Sept. All Summer. August. Swamps. Old fields. Borders of ponds. Salt marshes. August. June, July-Sept. Fields and roadsides. Woods and copses. Swamps and brooks. Sarsaparilla. Aralia hispida, Vent. Aralia nudicaulis, L. Aralia racemosa, L. Aralia trifolia, Dec. & Planch. Bristly Sarsaparilla. Wild Sarsaparilla. Spikenard. Dwarf Ginseng. May-June. May-June. July. April-May. Blue Hill range. Moist woodlands. Great Blue Hill. Randolph ave., etc. Cornels. Cornus alternifolia, L. f. Cornus circinata, L’Her. Cornus florida, L. Cornus paniculata, L’Her. ( Alternate -1 e av e d I Cornel. Dogwood. Flowering Dogwood. Panicled Cornel. Cornus sericea, L. Nyssa multiflora, Wangenh. Silky Cornel. Tupelo; Pepperidge. May-June. May-June. Aprii. Hillsides and copses. Blue Hill slopes. About Blue Hill, j Randolph ave; road- ) sides, etc. In wet places. Rich soil. Honeysuckle Family. Diervilla trifida, Moench. Sambucus Canadensis, L. Sambucus racemosa, L. Triosteum perfoliatum, L. Viburnum acerifolium, L. Bush Honeysuckle. Common Elder. Red-berried Elder. Feverwort; Horse Gentian. Maple-leaved Ar¬ row-wood. June-Aug. June. May-June. Viburnum dentatum, L. Viburnum Lentago, L. Arrow-wood. Sweet Viburnum. May-June. Blue Hills. Meadows. Blue Hills. Blue Hills. Rocky woods. Wet places. Copses. Madder Family. Cephalanthus occidentalis, L. Galium asprellum, Michx. Galium circsezans, Michx. Galium pilosum, Ait. Galium trifidum, L. Galium triflorum, Michx. Galium verum, L. Houstonia cserulea, L. Houstonia purpurea, L. Var. } longifolia, Gray. j Button Bush. Rough Bedstraw. Wild Liquorice, Cleavers. Small Bedstraw. \ Sweet-scented Bed- ) straw. Yellow Bedstraw. Bluets. Houstonia. July-Aug. July. June-Aug. June-Aug. June-Aug. July. July. May-Aug. May-Aug. Mitchella repens, L. Partridgeberry. June-July. Wet places. Low thickets. Rich woods. Dry copses. Swamps. Rich woodlands. Brush Hill. Moist and grassy fields. Blue Hills. ( Woods; about roots of ( trees. Composite Family. Achillea millefolium, L. Ambrosia artemisisefolia, L. Anaphalis margaritacea, B. ( & H. Antennaria plantaginifolia, , Hook. Anthemis Ootula, L. Yarrow. Roman Wormwood. Pearly Everlasting. ( Plantain-1 e a v e d ) Everlasting. Chamomile. August. July-Sept. July-Sept. | May. May. Fields, etc. Waste places everywhere. Dry fields. Stertile knolls and banks. Fields. TREES AND PLANTS. 605 List of Trees and Plants in Milton. — Continued. Botanical Name. Common Name. Flowering. Locality. Arctium Lappa , Z. Artemisia vulgaris, L. Aster acuminatus, Michx. Aster cordifolius, L. Aster corymbosus, Ait. Aster diff'usus, Ait. Aster Herveyi, Gray. Aster laevis, L. Aster linariifolius, L. Aster macrophyllus, L. Aster multiflorus, Ait. Aster nemoralis, Ait. Aster Novae-Angliae, L. Aster Novi-Belgii, L. Aster paniculatus, Lam. Aster patens, Ait. Aster puniceus, L. Aster spectabilis, Ait. Aster subulatus, Michx. Aster umbellatus, Mill. Aster undulatus, L. Aster vimineus, Lam. Bidens Beckii, Torr. Bidens cernua, L. Bidens chrysanthemoides, Michx. Bidens connata, Muhl. Bidens frondosa, L. Chrysanthemum Leucanthe- mum. L. Burdock. Common Mugwort. Aster. Aster. Aster. Aster.’ Aster. A ster. Aster. Aster. Aster. Water-Marigold. Bur-Marigold. Bur-Marigold. Swamp Beggar-ticks. Common Beggar-ticks. White-weed. July-Oct. July-Oct. August. August. August. August. September. September. September. September. September. September. September. September. September. August. August. September. September. September. August. September. August. August. July-Sept. July-Sept. June. Waste places. Waste places. Blue Hills. Woodlands; common. Woodlands; common. Woods and fields. Near summit Blue Hill. About Blue Hill. Dry soil; common. Blue Hills. Sandy soil. Houghton’s Pond. Borders of woods, etc. Low grounds. W. Milton. Blue Hills; dry ground.' Low meadows. Blue Hill. Salt marsh. Fence rows, etc. Dry copses. Blue Hills. 1 Neponset River, at I Paul’s Bridge. Wet places. Harland street. Wet grounds. Moist places. Fields. Cichorium Intybus, L. Cnicus arvensis, Hoffinti. Cnicus lanceolatus, Hoffm. Cnicus muticus, Pursh. Cnicus pumilus, Torr. Coreopsis trichosperma, \ Michx. j Erigeron annuus, Pers. Erigeron Canadensis, L. Erigeron Philadelphicus, L. Erigeron strigosus, Muhl. Eupatorium aromaticum, L. Eupatorium perfoliatum, L. Eupatorium purpureum, L. Eupatorium rotundifolium, ) L. Var. ovatum, Torr. ) Gnaphalium polycephalum, Michx. ( Gnaphalium uliginosum, L. Helianthus divaricatus, L. Hieracium Canadense, Michx. Hieracium paniculatum, L. Hieracium scabrum, Michx. Hieracium venosum, L. Iva frutescens, L. Krigia Virginica, Willd. Lactuca Canadensis, L. Lactuca integrifolia, Bigel. Leontodon autumnalis, L. Mikania scandens, Willd. Pluchea camphorata, DC. Prenanthes serpentaria,Pursh. Rudbeckia hirta, L. Senecio aureus, L. Var. ob -) ovatus, T. & G. ( Senecio vulgaris, L. Sericocarpus conyzoides,Nees. Sericocarpus solidagineus, \ Nees. | Cichory. Canada Thistle. Thistle. Swamp Thistle. Pasture Thistle. Tickseed Sunflower. Daisy Fleabane. Butter-weed. Fleabane. Daisy Fleabane. Thoroughwort. Boneset. Trumpet-weed. Thoroughwort. Common Everlasting. Low Cudweed. Sunflower. Canada Hawkweed. Panicled Hawkweed. Rough Hawkweed. Rattlesnake Weed. Marsh Elder. Dwarf Dandelion. Wild Lettuce. Wild Lettuce. Fall Dandelion. Climbing Hemp weed. Salt-Marsh Fleabane. Rattlesnake Root. Cone Flower. Golden Ragwort. Common Groundsel. White-topped Aster. White-topped Aster. July-Oct. July-Aug. August. August. August. September. June-Aug. July-Oct. June-Aug. June-Aug. August August. August. August. August. August. August. August. August. August. August. August. Apr.-Aug. July-Sept. July-Sept. Aug.-Oct. July-Sept. August. September. June-Aug. May-June. May-June. July. July. Roadsides. Cultivated fields. Fields. Swamps. Dry fields. Neponset River. Fields and waste places. Waste places. Moist ground. Fields. West slope of Blue Hill. Low grounds. Low grounds. Fowl meadows. Old fields. Roadsides. Blue Hills. Dry woods. Open woods. Open woods. Pine woods. Salt marshes. Dry rocky places. Rich soil. Rich soil. Meadows and roadsides. Copses. Marshes. Borders of woods. Rotch meadows. Wet meadows. Waste places. Blue Hill. Blue H i ll . 606 HISTORY OF MILTON. List of Tkees and Plants in Milton. — Continued. Botanical Name. Common Name. Flowering. Locality. Solidago arguta, Ait. Solidago bicolor, L. Solidago cassia, L. Solidago Canadensis, L. Solidago juncea, Ait. Solidago lanceolata, L. Solidago nemoralis, Ait. Solidago odora, Ait. Solidago puberula, Nutt. Solidago rugosa, Mill. Solidago sempervirens, L. Solidago serotina, Ait. Solidago serotina, Ait. Var. } gigantea, Gray. j Sonchus asper, Vitt. Sonchus oleraceus, L. Tanacetum vulgare, L. Taraxacum officinale, Weber. Vernonia Noveboracensis, I Willd. ( Xanthium Canadensis, Mill. Golden Bod. White Golden Bod. Golden Bod. Golden Bod. Golden Bod. Golden Bod. Golden Bod. Sweet Golden Bod. Golden Bod. Golden Bod. Golden Bod. Golden Bod. Golden Bod. ( Spiny-leaved Sow- \ } thistle. ) Common Sow-Thistle. Common Tansy. Dandelion. Iron-Weed. Common Cocklebur. Aug.-Oct. Aug.-Oct. Aug.-Oct. Aug.-Oct. Aug.-Oct. Aug.-Oct. Aug.-Oct. Aug.-Oct. Aug.-Oct. Aug.-Oct. Aug.-Oct. Aug.-Oct. Aug.-Oct. September. September. September. May. August. Sept.-Nov. Pastures, roadsides. Copses and banks. Moist woodlands. Fields. Fields. Biver banks. Dry fields, Granite Bridge. Blue Hill. About Blue Hill. Woods, etc. Salt marshes. Thicket and low ground. Copses. Waste places. Waste places. Boadsides. Fields. { Neponset Biver. Pine. I tree Brook. Waste places. Lobelias. Lobelia cardinalis, L. Lobelia inflata, L. Lobelia spicata, Lam. Cardinal Flower. Indian Tobacco. Lobelia. July-0 ct. July-Oct. July-Aug. Harland street. Dry open soil. Dry grounds. BeHflowers. Campanula aparinoides, ) Pursh. i Specularia perfoliata, A. DC. Marsh Bellflower. Venus Looking-glass. July. May-Aug. Low grassy places. Blue Hills. Heath Family. Arctostaphylos Uva-ursi, f Spreng. ] Andromeda ligustrina, Muhl. Cassandra calyculata, Don. Chimaphila umbellata, Nutt. Clethra alnifolia, L. Gaultheria procumbens, L. Gaylussacia frondosa, T. & G. Gaylussacia resinosa, T. & G. Kalmia angustifolia, L. Kalmia latifolia, L. Leucothoe racemosa, Gray. Monotropa uniflora, L. Pyrola elliptica, Nutt. Pyrola rotundifolia, L. Bhododendron Bhodora, } Gmelin. j Bhododendron viscosum, j Torr. | Vaccinium corymbosum, L. Vaccinium macrocarpon, Ait. Vaccinium Pennsylvanicum, | Vaccinium vacillans. Solan. Bearberry. Andromeda. Leather-Leaf. Prince’s Pine. White Alder. Checkerberry. Dangleberry. Common Huckleberry. Sheep Laurel. Mountain Laurel. Leucothoe. Indian Pipe. Shin-Leaf. Bound-leaf Pyrola. June-July. August. June. July-Aug. July. May-June. May-June. May-July. May-June. May-June. July. June. June-July. Bhodora. May. Clammy Azalea. ( Common Swamp ) Blueberry. Cranberry. Dwarf Blueberry. Low Blueberry. Top of Blue Hill. Woods. Houghton’s Pond. Dry woods. Wet copses. Damp woods. Low copses. Near Houghton’s Pond. Woods. Church land? Blue Hill. Harland street, etc. Bich woods. Damp woods, j NearMr. Hinckley’s,and j near Houghton’s Pond. Swamps. Low lands. Blue Hills. Blue Hills. Rosemary. Statice Limonium, L. Var. > Caroliniana, Gray. j Marsh-Bosemary. Aug.-Sept. Salt marsh. Primrose Family. Hottonia inflata, Ell. Lysimachia quadrifolia, L. Lysimachia stricta, Ait. Steironema lanceolata, Gray. Trientalis Americana, Pursh. Featherfoil. Loosestrife. Loosestrife. Loosestrife. Starflower. June-Aug. June-Aug. May. Pools and ditches. Sandy soil. Low ground. Low ground. TREES AND PLANTS. 607 List of Trees and Plants in Milton. — Continued. Botanical Name. Common Name. Flowering. Locality. Ash. Fraxinus Americana, L. White Ash. April-May. Woods. Dogbane. Apocynum androssemifoli- ) um, L. i Spreading Dogbane. Jim e-July. Thickets. Milkweeds. Asclepias Cornnti, Decaisne. Common Milkweed. July. Fields. Asclepias incarnata, L. Var. j pnlchra, Pers. ) Swamp Milkweed. July. Meadows. Asclepias phytolaccoides, j Pursh. ( Poke Milkweed. June. Wet woods. Asclepias purpurascens, L. Purple Milkwerd. June. Randolph ave. Asclepias quadrifolia, L. Four-leaved Milkweed. June. Blue Hills. Gentian Family. ( Meadows near the Ne- ) ponset. G-entiana crinita, Frcel. Fringed Gentian. September. Limnantliemum lacunosum, ) Griseb. J Floating Heart. Jun e-Sept. Ponds. Menyanthes trifoliata, L. Buck Bean. May-June. ( Opp.Centre School h’se. 1 Houghton’s Pond. Borage Family. Echinospermnm Virgini- j Stickseed. July. Waste places. Myosotis laxa, Lehm. Forget-me-not. May-Aug. Central ave. Myosotis verna, Nutt. White Forget-me-not. May-Aug. Reedsdale road. Symphytum officinale, L. Common Comfrey. June. Near Dr. Ware’s house. Convolvulus Family. Convolvulus arvensis, L. Bindweed. June. Fields. Convolvulus sepium,L. Var. ) Ameiicanus, Sims. J Hedge Bindweed. June-July. Moist grounds. Cuscuta Gronovii, Willd. Dodder. Aug.-Oct. Damp grounds. Nightshade Family. Datura Tatula, L. Lycium vulgare, Dunal. Common Stramonium. July-Sept. Waste places. Matrimony vine. Aug.-Sept. Cultivated grounds. Solanum Dulcamara, L. Bitter-sweet, July-Aug. ■Around dwellings. Figwort Family. Chelone glabra, L. Snakehead. July-Sept. Wet places. Gerardia flava, L. I >owny False Foxglove. August. Blue Hills. G-erardia maritima, Raf. Seaside Gerardia. August. Salt marsh. Gerardia pediculaiia, L. Gerardia. August. Dry woods. Gerardia purpurea, L. Purple Geradia. August. Dry woods. Gerardia quercifolia, Pursh. Smooth False Foxglove. August. Blue Hill. Gerardia tenuifolia, Vahl. Slend. r Gerardia. August. Blue Hill. Gratiola aurea, Muhl. Hedge-Hyssop. June-Sept. Neponset River. Linaria Canadensis, Dumont. Wild Toad-Flax. June-Aug. Sandy soil. Linaria vulgarix, Mill. Butter-and-Eggs. August. Everywhere. Melampyrum Americanum, ) Michx. j Cow-Wheat. June-Sept. Open woods. Mimulus ringens, L. Monkey-Flower. July-Sept. Wet places. Pedicularis Canadensis, L. Common Lousewort. May-July. Blue Hill. Yerbascum Thapxu*, L. Common .VI ullein. September. Fields. Veronica arvennis, L. Corn Speedwell. May. Fields. Veronica peregrina, L. Neck U'eed. May. Waste grounds. Veronica scutellata, B. Marsh Speedwell. June-Aug. Bogs. Veronica serpyllifolia, L. (Thyme-leaved { / Speedwell. ( May-July. Roadsides. Broom-rape Family. Aphyllon uniflorum, Gray. | One-flowered Can- j April-May. Woods. Epiphegus Virginiana, Bart. Beech Drops. Aug.-Oct. 1 Blue Hill; under beech- / trees. 608 HISTORY OF MILTON. List of Trees and Plants in Milton. — Continued. Botanical Name. Common Name. Flowering. Locality. Verbenas. Verbena hastata, L. Verbena nrticsefolia, L. Blue Vervain. July-Sept. Low grounds. White Vervain. July-Sept. Roadsides. Mint Family. Brunella vulgaris, L. Self-heal. June-Sept. Woods and fields. Galeopsis Tetrahit, L. Common Hemp-nettle. August. Waste places. Hedeoma pulegioides, Pers. American Pennyroyal. July-Sept. Fields. Lamium amplexicaule, L. Dead Nettle. August. Cultivated ground. Leonurus Cardiacn, L. Common Motherwort. July-Sept. Near dwellings. Lycopus sinuatus, Ell. Lycopus Virginicus, L. Water Horehound. July-Aug. Wet grounds. Bugle-Weed. August. Shady wet places. Mentha Canadensis, L. Wild Mint. July-Sept. Shady wet places. Mentha viridi- s‘, X. Spearmint. July. Shady wet places. Nepeta Gataria, L. / July-Aug. Cultivated grounds. Nepeta Glechoma, Benth. Ground Ivy. May-Aug. Near dwellings. Pycnanthemum incanum, ) Mountain Mint. August. Blue Hill. Pycnanthemum linifolium, ) Mountain Mint. July-Sept. Blue Hill. Pycnanthemum muticum, > Mountain Mint. August. Blue Hill. Scutellaria galericulata, L. Scullcap. August. Wet places. Scutellaria lateriflora, L. Mad-dog Scullcap. August. Wet places. Paul’s Bridge. Stachys aspera, Michx. Hedge Nettle. July. Trichostema dichotomum, L. Blue Curls. July-Sept. About Houghton’s Pond. Plantains. Plantago lanceolata, L. English Plantain. April-June. Fields. Plantago major, L. Plantago Rugelii, Decaisne. Common Plantain. June-Sept. Moist places. Plantain. June-Sept. Moist places. Amaranths. Acnida cannabina, L. Water Hemp. July-Oct. Salt marshes. Amarantus albus, L. Amaranth. July. Roadsides. Goosefoot Family. Atriplex arenaria, Nutt. Orache. August. Granite Bridge. Atriplex patula, L. Vur. 1 hastata, Gray. ( Orache. August. Granite Bridge. Chenopodium album, L. Pigweed. August. Waste places. Pokeweed. Phytolacca decandra, L. Garget. July-Sept. Woods. Buckwheat Family. Eagopyrum esculentum, ) Moench. i Buckwheat. June-Sept. Old fields. Polygonum acre, HBK. Wild Smart-weed. August. Wet places. Polygonum arifolium, L. (Halberd-leaved \ 1 Tear-thumb. ) August. Low grounds. Polygonum aviculare, L. Door-weed. August. Waste places. Polygonum Convolvulus, L. Black Bind-weed. July-Aug. Granite Bridge. Polygonum Ilydropiper, L. Smart-weed. August. Wet places. Polygonum hydropipe - \ roides, Michx. \ Mild Water-pepper. August. Wet places. Polygonum incarnatum, Ell. Persicaria. August. Aug.-Sept. Wet places. Polygonum orientate, L. Polygonum Pennsylvani- j Prince’s Feather. Waste grounds. Persicaria. July-Oct. Moist places. Polygonum Persicaria, L. Lady’s Thumb. August. Moist places. Polygonum ramosissimum, ) Michx. i Goose-Grass. Aug-Oct. Granite Bridge. Polygonum sagittatum, L. (Arrow-leaved 1 / Tear-thumb. ) July-Sept. Low grounds. Polygonum tenue, Michx. Slender Knot-Grass. July-Sept. Dry soil. Iiumex Acetosella, L. Sheep Sorrel. Weed in fields. Kumex crispus, L. Curled Dock. July. Waste grounds. TREES AND PLANTS. 609 List of Trees and Plants in Milton. — Continued. Botanical Name. Common Name. Flowering. Locality. Laurel Family. Lindera Benzoin, Meisn. Fever-bush. April. Damp woods. Sassafras officinale, Nees. Sassafras. April. About Blue Hills. Santalaceae. Comandra umbellata, Nutt. Bastard Toad-flax. May-June. About Blue Hills. Spurge. Acalypha Virginica, L. Three-seeded Mercury. July-Sept. Fields. Euphorbia Gyparissias, L. Cypress Spurge. June. Roadsides. Euphorbia maculata, L. Spotted Spurge. June. Waste places. "Water Starworts. Callitriche verna, L. Water-Star wort. May-Aug. Shallow Water. Nettle Family. Celtis occidentalis, L. Sugarberry. April-May. Woods. Ulmus Americana, L. American Elm. Woods and roadsides. Urtiea dioica, L. Great Stinging-Nettle. Jun e-Aug. Roadsides. Plane-tree. Platanus occidentalis, L. American Sycamore. May. Randolph ave., etc. Walnut Family. Carya alba, Nutt. Shell-bark Hickory. May. Woods. Carya amara, Nutt. Bitternut. May. Woods, Blue Hill. Carya porcina, Nutt. May. Woods, Blue Hill. Juglans cinerea, L. Butternut. May. ( Scott’s Woods road; ( rich woods. Sweet-G-ale Family. Comptonia asplenifolia, Ait. Sweet Fern. April-May. Sterile hills. Myrica cerifera, L. Bayberry. May. Sandy soil. Birch Family. Alnus serrulata, Willd. Smooth Alder. May. Roadsides. Betula alba Var. populi- / folia, Spach. J White Birch. May. Abundant in poor soil. Betula lenta, L. Black Birch. May. Blue Hill; moist woods. Betula lutea, Michx. f. Yellow Birch. May. Moist woods. Oak Family. Carpinus Americana, Lam. Water Beech. May. Along streams. Oastanea vesca, L. Var. ) Americana, Mx. \ Chestnut. June-July. Woods; common. Corylus Americana, Walt. Hazelnut. May. Thickets. Fagus ferruginea, Ait. American Beech. May. Woods. Ostrya Virginica, Willd. Hop-Hornbeam. May. Woods. Quercus alba, L. White Oak. Woods. Quercus bicolor, Willd. Swamp White Oak. Low places. Quercus coccinea, Wang. Scarlet Oak Rich woods. Quercus ilicifolia, Wang. Black Scruh-Oak. May. About and on Blue Hills. Quercus prinoides, Willd. Dwarf Chestnut Oak. About and on Blue Hills. Quercus Prinus, L. Chestnut Oak. Base of Blue Hills. Quercus rubra, L. Red Oak. Rocky woods Quercus tinctoria, Bartr. Black Oak. May. Dry woods. Willow Family. Populus balsamifera, L. ) Var. candicans, Gray. \ Balm of Gilead. April. Introduced. Populusgrandidentata, Michx. Large-toothed Aspen. April. Woods. Populus tremuloides, Michx. Salix alba, L. American Aspen. April. Woods. White Willow. April. Introduced. Salix discolor, Muhl. Salix fro gills, L. Glaucous Willow. April. Meadows. Brittle Willow. May. Neponset River. Salix humilis, Muhl. Low-bush Willow. Roadsides. Pine Family. Juniperus Virgiuiana, L. Red Cedar. April. Dry hills. Larix Americana, Michx. American Larch. April, Swamps. 610 HISTORY OF MILTON. List of Trees and Plants in Milton. — Continued. Botanical Name. Common Name. Flowering. Locality. Pinus rigida, Mill. Pitch Pine. May. Sandy soil. Pinus Strobus, L. White Pine. May. Damp woods. Tsuga Canadensis, Carr. Hemlock. May. Rich woods; scarce. Orchids. Arethnsa bulbosa, L. Arethusa. May. J Blue Hill River and 1 Harland street. Calopogon pulchellus, R. Br. Calopogon. July. Near Houghton’s Pond. Corallorhiza multiflora, Nutt. Coral-root. July-Sept. Woods. Cypripedium acaule, Ait. Lady’s Slipper. Pine woods, Brook road. Goodyera pubescens, R. Br. Rattlesnake Plantain. July-Aug. Rich woods. Habenaria fimbriata, R. Br. 1 Large Purple- 1 I fringed Orchis. j June. Wet meadows. Habenaria psycbodes, Gray. Small Purple- July-Aug. Wet meadows. Habenaria tridentata, Hook. Naked-gland Orchis. July. | Springy places. Wet Liparis Loeselii, Richard. Twayblade. June. Bogs. Pogonia ophioglossoides, > Nutt. S Pogonia. July. t Blue Hill River. Har- ( land street. Pogonia verticillata, Nutt. Whorled Pogonia. June. i Damp woods in the Blue j Hills. Spiranthes cernua, Richard. Ladies’ Tresses. Aug.-Oct. Wet grassy places, and 1 on Blue Hill. Spiranthes gracilis, Bigel. Ladies’ Tresses. July-Aug. Hilly woods. Iris Family. Iris versicolor, L. Larger Blue Flag. May-June. Meadows. Sisyrinchium anceps, L. Blue-eyed Grass. June-Aug. Meadows. Sisyrinchium mucronatum, > Michx. ) Blue-eyed Grass. June-Aug. Meadows. Hypoxys erecta, L. Star-Grass. June-Aug. Meadows. Lily Family. Allium Canadense, Kalm. Wild Meadow Garlic. May-June. ( Near Dr. Ware’s, Lower j Mills. Asparagus officinalis*, L. Garden Asparagus. June. Granite Bridge. Erythronium Americanum, ) Smith. ( Dog-tooth Violet. May. Blue Hill; scarce. Lilium Canadense, L. Lilium Philadelphicum, L. Wild Yellow Lily. June-July. Mattapan st. & elsewhere. Wild Orange-Red Lily. June-July. Fields. Maianthemum bifolium, DC. False Solomon’s Seal. May. Moist woods; common. Medeola Virginiana, E. Indian Cucumber-Root. June. 5 Blue Hill, etc., rich, 1 damp woods. Polygonatum biflorum, Ell. ( Smaller Solomon’s j ) Seal. j June. Wooded banks. Smilacina racemosa, Desf. False Spikenard. June. Moist copses. Smilax glauca, Walt. Greenbrier. July. Hillside street. Smilax herbacea, L. Smilax rotundifolia, L. Carrion-Flower. June. Moist meadows. Common Greenbrier. June. Thickets. Trillium cernuum, L. Nodding Trillium. May. ( Thatcher street,White’s j pasture, etc. Uvularia sessilifolia, L. Bellwort. May. Woods. Pickerel-weed. Pontederia cordata, E. Pickerel-weed. July-Sept. Neponset River, etc. Rushes. Juncus acuminatus, Michx. Rush. July. Borders of ponds. Juncus bufonius, E. Rush. July. Common. Juncus Canadensis, J. Gay. July. Common. Juncus effusus, L. Common Rush. July. Marshy ground. Juncus Gerardi, Lois. Black Grass. July. Salt marshes. Juncus tenuis, Willd. July. Common. Luzula campestris, DC. Wood-rush. May. Woods. Cat-tail Family. Sparganium simplex Hud- j son. Var. Nuttallii, Gray. j Burr-reed. July-Sept. Along streams. Typha latifolia, L. Common Cat-tail. July. Borders of ponds. TREES AND PLANTS. 611 List of Trees and Plants in Milto,n. — Continued. Botanical Name. Common Name. Flowering. Locality. Arums. Acorus Calamus, L. Sweet Flag. June. Borders of ponds. Arisaema triphyllum, Torr. Indian Turnip. May. Common. Calla palustris, L. Water Arum. June. Cold bogs. Peltandra Virginica, Raf. Arrow Arum. June. Brook, Thatcher street. Symploearpus f ce t i d u s , ) Salisb. ] Skunk Cabbage. April. Moist places. Duckweeds. Lemna minor, L. Duckweed. August. Water; common. W ater-Plantains. Alisma Plantago, L. Var. / Americanum, Gray. \ Water Plantain. July-Aug. Ditches. Sagittaria graminea, Pursh. Arrow-head. August. ( Neponset River, Paul’s / Bridge. Sagittaria variabilis, Eng. Arrow-head. August. Wet places. Pondweeds. Potamogeton Claytonii, j Tuckerm. | Pond weed. August. Ponds. Potamogeton natans, L. Pondweed. August. Ponds. Pipewort. Eriocaulon septangulare, ) With. ( Pipewort. August. Ponds. Sedges. Carex bullata, Schk. Sedge. June. Meadows. Carex cephalophora, Mubl. Sedge. June. Woods. Carex conoidea, Schk. Sedge. June. Moist meadows. Carex crinita, Lam. July. Moist meadows. Carex debilis, Michx. Sedge. June. Moist woods. Carex echinata, Murr. Sedge. June. Moist woods. Carex folliculata, L. Sedge. Bogs. Carex graciilima, Schw. Sedge. June. Moist woods. Carex intumescens, Rndge. June. Wet meadows. Carex laxiflora, Lam. Sedge. June. Open woods. Carex lurida, Wahl. Sedge. June. Swamps. Carex pallescens, L. Sedge. Meadows. Carex panicea , L. Sedge. June. Dr. Kennedy’s. Carex Pennsylvania, Lam. Sedge. June. Dry woods; common. Carex polytrichoides, Muhl. 8edge. June. Low grounds. Carex Psendo-Cyperus, L. ) Var. comosa, W. Boott. ) Sedge. June. Wet places. Carex scoparia, Schk. Sedge. Low meadows. Carex sparganioides, Muhl. Sedge. Blue Hill. Carex stipata, Muhl. Sedge. June. Swamps. Carex straminea, Schk. Sedge. June. Fields. Carex stricta, Lam. Sedge. June. 1 “ Hassocks ” in wet j meadows. Carex tentaculata, Muhl. Sedge. June. Wet meadows. Carex vestita, Willd. Sedge. June. ( Granite Bridge; sandy j soils. Carex virescens, Muhl. Sedge. June. j Blue Hills; rocky } woods. Carex vulpinoidea, Michx. June. Low meadows. Cyperus dentatus, Torr. G-alingale. August. Sandy swamps. Cyperus diandrus, Torr. Galingale. August. Low grounds. Cyperus strigosus, L. Dulichium spathaceum, Pers. Galingale. July-Sept. Common'. Dulichium. July-Sept. Borders of ponds. Eleocharis palustris, R. Br. Spike-rush. July-Sept. Low grounds, Pimbristylis capillaris, Gray. Scirpus Eriophorum, Michx. Aug.-Sept. Sandy fields. Wool-grass. July-Sept. Wet meadows. Scirpus lacustris, L. Scirpus maritimus,.L. Bulrush. Sea Club-rush. July. August. Fresh-water ponds. 1 Granite Bridge; salt j marshes. Scirpus pungens, Vahl. Bulrush. July-Aug. Borders of ponds. Scirpus subterminalis, Torr. Bulrush. August. Ponds. 612 HISTORY OF MILTON. List op Trees and Peants in Milton. — Continued. Botanical Name. Common Name. Flowering. Locality. Grasses. Agropyrum repens, L. Agrostis alba, L. Var. stolo -) nifera, Vasey. ( Agrostis alba, L. Var. vul-) garis, Thurb. ) Agrostis canina, L. Agrostis perennans, Tuck. Agrostis scabra, Willd. Alopecurus geniculatus, L. Alopecurus pratensis, L. Andropogon dissitifLorus, 1 Michx. ( Andropogon provincialis, j Andropogon scoparius,Michx. Anthoxanthum odoratum, L. Chrysopogonnutans, Benth. Cinna arundinacca, L. Dactylis glomerata, L. Danthonia spi( ata, Beauv. Deschampsiaflexuosa, G-riseb. Deyeuxia Canadensis, Hook. Deyeuxia Nuttalliana, Vasey. Distichlis maritima, Raf. Batonia Pennsylvania, Gray. Festuca nutans, Willd. Festuca ovina, L. Glyceria Canadensis, Trin. Glyceria fluitans, R. Br. Glyceria maritima, Wahl. Glyceria nervata, Trin. Glyceria obtusa, Trin. Hierochloa borealis, R. & 8. Holcus lanatus, L. Leersia oryzoides, Swartz. Twitch-grass. Fiorin Grass. Red-top. Brown Bent-grass. Thin-grass. Hair-grass. Floating Fox-tail. Meadow Fox-tail. Beard-grass. Beard-grass. Beard-grass. | Sweet-scented Ver- / nal Grass. Indian Grass. Wood Reed-grass. Orchard Grass. Wild Oat-grass. Common Hair-grass. Reed-grass. Reed-grass. Spike-grass. Reboulea. Fescue-grass. Sheep’s Fescue-grass. Rattle-snake Grass. Rattle-snake Grass. Sea Spear-grass. Rattle-snake Grass. Rattle-snake Grass. Holy Grass. Velvet-grass. Rice Cut-grass. June-Aug. August. August. August. July-Aug. June-July. July-Aug. May. July-Sept. July-Sept. July-Sept. May-July. August. July-Aug. June. July. June. July. July. August. June. July. July. July. June-Aug. June-Aug. August. May. Leersia Virginica, Willd. Muhlenbergia sobolifera, 1 Trin. j Muhlenbergia sylvatica, T. j Muhlenbergia Willdenovii, / Trin. ( Panicum agrostoides, Muhl. Panicum capillare, L. Panicum clandestinum, L. Panicum crus-galli, L Panicum depauperatum, ) Muhi. j Panicum dichotomum, L. Panicum latifolium, L. Panicum sanguinale, L. Panicum virgatum, L. Phalaris arundinacea, L. Phleum pratense, L. Poa annua, L. Poa pratensis, L. Poa serotina, Ehrh. Setaria glauca, Beauv. Setaria viridis, Beauv. Spartina juncea, Willd. Spartina stricta, Roth. Var. j alterniflora, Gray. j Spartina stricta, Roth. Var. ) glabra, Gray. j Stipa avenacea, Linn. Zizania aquatica, L. White Grass. Drop-seed Grass. Drop-seed Grass. Drop-seed Grass. Panic-grass. Panic-grass. Panic-grass. Barn-yard Grass. Panic-grass. Panic-grass. Panic-grass. Common Crab-grass. Panic-grass. Reed Canary-grass. Timothy. Herds-grasf Low Spear-grass. | Common Meadow- ) grass. False Red-top. Fox-tail. Bottle-grass. Rush Salt-grass. Marsh-grass. Marsh-grass. Black Oat-grass. Indian Rice. Aug.-Sept. August. Aug -Sept. Aug.-Sept. August. Aug.-Sept. July-Sept. Aug.-Oct. June. June-Aug. June-Aug. June-Aug. August. August. Aprii-Oct. May-July. July-Aug. July-Aug. July-Aug. August. August. August. July. August. Meadows. Moist meadows. Low meadows. Low meadows. Shady places. Shady places. Wet meadows. Pastures. Sandy soil. Sandy soil. Common in poor soil. Pastures. Blue Hill. Moist woods. Shaded fields. Dry soil. Blue Hills. Neponset River. Fowl meadows, etc. Salt marshes. Moist woods. Rocky woods. Rocky woods. Wet places. Shallow water. Salt marshes. Moist meadows. Bogs. Marshes. Meadows. Wet places. j Lower Mills, Neponset Open woods. Blue Hill. Base of Blue Hill. Wet meadows. Sandy soil. Low thickets. Barn-yards. Dry woods. Dry woods. M oist thickets. Yards. Moist soil. Neponset River. Meadows. Waste grounds. Dry soil. Wet meadows. Barn-yards. Cultivated grounds. Salt marshes. Salt marshes. Salt marshes. West slope of Blue Hill. Neponset River. TREES AND PLANTS. 613 List of Trees and Plants in Milton. — Concluded. Botanical Name. Common Name. Flowering. Locality. Horse-tails. Equisetum arvense, L. Horse-tail. April. Common. Equisetum limosum, L. Horse-tail. Shallow water. Equisetum sylvaticum, L. Ferns. Botryehium ternatum, 1 Swartz. Var. obliquum, > Horse-tail. May. Wet places. Moonwort. July. Dry woods. Milde. ) Ophioglossum yulgatum, L. Adder’s Tongue. June. j Meadows near Paul’s ( Bridge. Adiantum pedatum, E. Maiden-hair Eern. July. i The old Lewis Tucker ) place. Aspidium acrostichoides, / Swartz. ) Wood-Eern. July. ( Rocky woods; Blue 1 Hills. Aspidium cristatum, Swartz. Aspidium marginale, Swartz. Wood-Eern. July. Swamps. Shield-Eern. July. Rocky hillsides. Aspidium Noveboracense, 1 Swartz. ( Wood-Fern. July. Swamps. Aspidium spinulosum, j Swartz. Var. intermedi- \ Wood-Eern. July. Woods everywhere. um, Eaton. ) Aspidium Thelypt e ris, j Swartz. ( Wood-Eern. August. Meadows. Asplenium ebeneum, Ait. Spleenwort. July. Blue Hills. Asplenium Eilix-foemina, ) Bernb. \ Spleenwort. July. Moist woods. Asplenium Eilix-foemina,) Bernh. Var. angustum, ! Eaton. ) Spleenwort. October. Rich woods. Asplenium thelypteroides, ) Michx. ( Spleenwort. July-Sept. About Blue Hills; scarce. Asplenium Trichomanes, L. Spleenwort. July. ( Blue Hills; shaded j cliffs. Dicksonia pilosiuscula, Willd. Dicksonia. July. Moist places. Onoclea sensibilis, L. Sensitive Fern. July. Moist places. Osmunda cinnamomea, E. Osmunda Claytoniana, L. Cinnamon Eern. May. Moist places. Flowering Eern. Moist places. Osmunda regalis, L. Flowering Fern. Moist places. Phegopteris hexagonoptera,) Fee. j Beech Fern . July. Open woods; scarce. Polyp odium vulgare, L. Polypody. July. Rocks. Pteris aquilina, L. Common Brake. August. Hills. Club-Mosses. Lycopodium complanatum, L. Club-Moss. Woods. Lycopodium dendroideum, 1 Michx. j G-round-Pine. August. Moist woods. Lycopodium lucidulum, / Michx. j Club-Moss. August. Blue Hills. Selaginella rupestris, Spring. Gray-Moss. Dry rocks. 614 HISTORY OF MILTON. TREES OF MILTON. “ The waving verdure rolls along the plain, And the wide forest weaves, To welcome back its playful mates again, A canopy of leaves. And from its darkened shadow floats A gush of trembling notes.” Pjercival. One of the most attractive features in the outward aspect of Milton is the abundance of its trees and shrubs. There are few if any parts of its long avenues where nature has not provided, or the hand of taste placed, on each side, either the native or the Dutch Elm, the Rock Maple, or some of the evergreens from the hills, or rarer specimens from other lands. On the shorter cross-streets the walls and fences are hidden by the abundant growth of shrubs, or mantled by the Woodbine, Clematis, and Ivy. In their flowering season the Sweet Viburnum and the Elder load the air with their fragrance. At short intervals the ob¬ server comes upon a grove of Maples and Oaks, or a copse of Pine interspersed with deciduous varieties. Other species are found in places suited to their growth, as the Willows in the low grounds and by the brooks. TREE LIFE AND STRUCTURE. Who does not gaze with admiration at a grand, old tree ? There is nothing in vegetable nature comparable to it. It is only, however, by the habit of close observation that the exceed¬ ing beauty of tree-life and tree-structure, at the various seasons of the year, is discerned. This is especially manifest when under a vernal sun the swelling buds and leaflets take on a russet hue all over our hills, and then .along the wide land¬ scape a light green, deepening shade by shade, as the season advances, into the rich, dark green of the full summer foliage; and again, at the sudden maturity of the foliage in autumn, when the brilliant painting of our hills and valleys is a sight wonder¬ ful to behold; while there is nothing finer in nature or art than the symmetry of tree architecture as seen in winter. This is true also of the rich drapery of tree and shrub, after a winter’s night of ice and snow, flashing and gleaming under the morning’s sun, of which the poet caught the beauty: — TREES. 615 “ Every pine, and fir, and hemlock Wore ermine too dear for an earl, And the poorest twig on the elm-tree Was ridged inch-deep with pearl.” He will give himself a new joy who studies the variety and beauty of our leafless trees. THE ELM. The Elm grows naturally in our soil, and there are many within the limits of Milton of great size and age. The mag¬ nificent Elms at the entrance of the town, near Mattapan bridge, were planted by Hugh McLean in 1775, which would give them an age of over one hundred years. The Elm near the corner of Canton avenue and Atherton street sprung from the seed under the bedroom window of the old “ Bent Tavern,” and was trans¬ planted to its present position in 1780 by Sarah Glover. In the record of the laying out of Atherton street, 1811, appears the following notice of this tree: — N.B. — An elm tree belonging to Mr. Atherton, and standing in said road, near his house, we have agreed shall remain there during his pleas¬ ure. The large trees shading the avenue of Col. H. S. Russell were set out by Francis Amory in 1820. DUTCH ELMS. Most, and probably all, of the Dutch Elms in Milton, Dor¬ chester, and Boston 1 had their origin on the estate of Mr. James Smith, Brush Hill, Milton, long owned and occupied bj T the late Hon. James Murray Robbins. Mr. Smith and his friend, John Jones, of Dorchester, on their return from a visit to Europe in 1734 or thereabouts, brought ‘D. T. V. Huntoon, late of Canton, gives the following history of the famous “Pad- dock Elms ” of Tremont street, Boston : — “ Mr. Gilbert Deblois, a well-known citizen of Boston, and an intimate friend of Mr. Smith, said to him, ‘ If you will give me a bunch of those Dutch Elms, I will name my new-born baby for you.’ The request was complied with, and the boy was named James Smith Deblois. The records of King's Chapel show that James Smith Deblois was baptized by Eev. Hemy Carver, May 16, 1769, which fixes the time the trees were planted. They were set in front of the Granary, opposite the house of Mr. Deblois; but as his business was at a distance, he engaged Adino Paddock, the windows of whose shop over¬ looked the trees, to look out for their protection. Mr. Paddock twice offered a reward for the discovery of those who injured the trees, but does not speak of himself as their owner. Prom this circumstance the trees were called ‘ Paddock Elms.’ Precisely the same compact was entered into between Judge Aucmuty and James Smith. Trees were planted in front of his house on Aucmuty’s Lane, and his child received the name of James Smith Aucmuty.” 616 HISTORY OF MILTON. with them a large number of these Elms, some of which were planted on his farm at Brush Hill; there they grew and multiplied by numerous offshoots, furnishing a supply for all demands. The chief and only special excellence of this tree is its power to resist the frost and to retain its foliage in the fall. When the American Elm is yellow, and in part leafless, this remains green as in summer. In the spring of 1788, after the dedication of the new meet¬ ing-house, at the suggestion of Deacon Lemuel Adams and Governor Robbins, every man in the parish was invited to furnish an Elm-tree to shade and adorn the meeting-house lot. As more were brought than could be used for this purpose, Col. William Taylor planted the rest along the street opposite the church land on his own estate. Governor Edward H. Robbins brought from Brush Hill four Dutch Elms, which were planted in the line front of the church, where three are now standing. One was prostrated by the gale of 1815 ; it was again righted, and stood in its place until removed when the position of the church was changed. One of the Babcock family planted the large Dutch Elms in front of the Babcock or Davis house on Canton avenue, and some of the American Elms on the street; the small Dutch Elms were placed there by Mr. Davis, and the line of American Elms by the roadside was filled out by him. Dr. Amos Holbrook, whose second wife was Patience, the daughter of Daniel Yose, and who lived in the Daniel Vose house near the depot, set the Dutch Elms, now standing there, in 1784 ; he also planted the Dutch Elms near the residence of Mrs. Cun¬ ningham, on Milton Hill, about the time of building his mansion there, now owned by Mrs. Cunningham. Brevet Brigadier-General Ezra.Badlam planted the two Dutch Elms now standing in front of the store of Furness & Twombly, Washington street, Dorchester. HUTCHINSON TKEES. In 1743 Thomas Hutchinson, afterwards Governor Hutchin¬ son, built the Hutchinson house which stood on Milton Hill, where the Russell house now stands. About that time he planted two Scotch Larches which he had imported, one at each front corner of his new house ; one of these is still standing in the vigorous old age of nearly a century and a half. He also planted, on each side of the road by his estate, a row of Syca¬ more-trees ; it is known that he gave his personal supervision to TREES. 617 the work, and assisted the workmen with shovel and spade. For nearly a century the trees are said to have been very beautiful. In 1840 a peculiar blight struck this species of the American Plane, greatly affecting these trees. This was noticed with solicitude by the owners of the estate, and Miss Ida Russell caused other ornamental trees to be planted between the Sycamores. These grew and thrived as the others declined, and filled their places as the others disappeared, thus keeping unbroken the beautiful line of shade. Three of the Sycamores still remain, having an antiquity of one hundred and forty years. Another Sycamore, hoary with age, stands on the grounds of Mr. Edward Cunningham. It is near the avenue guarded by the lions, and but a short distance from Pleasant street. This tree, a yard from the ground, has a circumference of fifteen feet nine inches, making it, next to the Red Oak opposite the Pound, the largest known trunk in Milton. The adamantine trunk and time-worn limbs show extreme age, and confirm the legend that it stood where it now stands before these shores were known to our race, and was a favorite tree with the Indians. At the time of the Revolution Moses Yose was engaged in feeding stock on Deer Island in Boston harbor; his wife was in feeble health, requiring the assistance of a physician, and they were anxious to get off; but all attempts were unavailing, as the British swarmed the adjacent waters. There were many cattle and sheep on the island, liable at any hour to be seized by the enemy. At this juncture an expedition put off from Charlestown on a dark night, and, by keeping in shoal waters, avoided the enemy’s vessels, made the island, and bore the family and stock safely to the mainland. Moses Yose took possession of his house on Brook road, now the Dudley house. Soon after his return he planted the Elm- tree now standing on the southerly side of the road, near the brook, and two Ash-trees on the opposite side, near the house. One of these was destroyed in the 1815 gale; the other stands where it was set, more than a hundred years ago. THE OLDEST ELM. The large Elm standing in front of the house of Mr. Andrew R. Hobson, on Brook road, is the oldest Elm in Milton of which we have any knowledge. This tree, which has a girth of twelve feet a yard from the ground, in its gnarled and knotted trunk and limbs shows signs of great age. In the early part of Dr. Holbrook’s professional service in 618 HISTORY OF MILTON. Milton a messenger from this house, who called on him in the night to attend a sick man, reported that he lived under the “ Big Elm.” Dr. Holbrook died forty-three years ago. Forty years ago Mr. Henry Leeds stated to Mr. Hobson that his mother, who, if then living, would be one hundred years old, used to come with other girls to swing in this tree. It follows, that more than a hundred and thirty years ago this tree had attained a size sufficient to afford limbs and shade for a girl’s swing. LARGE ELMS. It is not uncommon to see in Milton Elms of extraordinary size, with massive trunks, and wide-armed, spreading their branches over the street, and shooting up to the blue sky. Some of the largest are found in the following places (they are measured a yard from the ground) : — At the corner of the barn in the Academy house lot, fourteen feet six inches in cir¬ cumference ; near the residence of Mrs. Shepherd, off Canton avenue, fourteen feet ten inches, its limbs covering an area of ninety feet in diameter; on Brush Hill road, near the house of Mrs. Yose, thirteen feet six inches; near the old Ferry house, ten feet five inches; the old tree on Brook Road, twelve feet; the tree at the Atherton Tavern, thirteen feet; and the tree near the Pound on Canton avenue, fourteen feet four inches. The tree near the Pound was twice condemned as standing TREES. 619 too far in tlie sidewalk, and the last time was saved by a mug of cider. In 1774, when the Pound was built, the selectmen sold the tree to one of the citizens, who afterwards petitioned the toAvn to relieve him from his bargain, which was so voted. Years after, two men were sent to cut it down. Miss Polly Yose, daughter of Joshua, living in the house opposite, heard the first blow of the axe, and presented herself to remonstrate. The men replied, “We must obey orders,” and began again to ply their axes. She hurried back to the house and returned with a mug of cider, thus addressing the men; “ Come, now, take a drink of cider, and do just wait till I can see the select¬ men.” They drank the cider, shouldered their axes, and went off. The tree, in its vigorous old age, has long since outgrown the scar of the woodman’s axe, which it bore for many years. At a much later date, when the parish conveyed to Deacon Isaac Gulliver the land which had been leased to him, about A.D. 1800, a bond for the preservation of this tree was re¬ quired of hi m . 1 SYMMETRICAL ELMS. The American Elm, growing in open fields, detached from buildings and other trees, throws out graceful, pendant limbs from all sides of the trunk, and attains an even, uniform shape of great symmetry and beauty. There are many in Milton of this symmetrical form. Among others are the following: The large tree on Brush Hill, near the Ferry house; the tree at the corner of the Academy barn; a tree standing in i The following is a true copy of the bond given by Isaac Gulliver to the First Con¬ gregational Parish in Milton respecting a large Elm-tree, near the Pound in said Milton, which the said parish are desirous to be preserved for shade and ornament for a certain length of time, as may be seen by the following instrument: — “ Whereas the First Congregational Parish in Milton have by their Treasurer Mr Jesse Tucker conveyed to me a certain parcel of land in said Milton being a part of the Ministerial land anci adjoining the Academy land fronting on Taunton road, near the Town Pound, and whereas there is a large Elm Tree [near the Town Pound and belonging to the lot I have purchased] which the said Parish are desirous to be pre¬ served for shade and ornament, in order therefore to answer the wishes of said Pai’ish, and to secure the benefit of said shade, I hereby for myself my Heirs Executors and Administrators covenant with the First Congregational Parish in Milton, that said tree shall remain unmolested from any act of mine or that of my Heirs Executors and Admin¬ istrators as aforesaid. “ But if hereafter said tree should decay, and from a ruinous state no longer continue to afford the shade and ornament desired by the said Parish Society, that then it may and shall be at my disposal, without any let or hindrance on the part and behalf of said first Parish. One disinterested person chosen by each party, and those two the third, the judgment of whom shall determine when the decay, and ruinous state of said tree for shade and ornament, has taken place. “ In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my Hand and Seal, this twenty fourth day of January in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and thirty three. “ In presence of Isaac Gulliver (S. L.) “ Samuel Gulliver “ Benj a Read ” 620 HISTORY OF MILTON. the field of Mr. H. J. Gilbert at the end of the lane running from Canton avenue, southerly, by his barn and other buildings, and also the tree in front of his barn ; a tree on Randolph avenue, in the open fields, east of the stone cottage of Mr. W. H. Snow; a tree in the yard of Samuel Cook, near Hillside street; the old tree on Brook road; the tree at the Atherton Tavern; and many smaller trees. OAKS AND OTHER TREES. On the lot of the High School-house is a grand, old, wide- spreading White Oak. Near Williams avenue, on the Oxton land lately sold to William L. P. Boardman, are four Oaks of * great beauty. On the estate of Col. H. S. Russell are sev¬ eral splendid trees of this variety. In the neck of land lying between Central avenue and Mattapan, owned by J. M. Forbes, may be seen specimens of the White Oak, large and handsome; and on Harland street, at the top of the hill as you ascend from the meadow, on the west side of the road, stand six of these noble trees, that cannot fail to attract the attention of every passer-by; while on the opposite side of Harland street, on the land of James L. Kennedy, and in the rear of his house, is a Chestnut grove, covering an area of ten acres, of an even, compact growth of thirty-five years. With care this may be¬ come the most beautiful grove in Milton. TREES. 621 A large Red Oak, of great age, stands front of the house of F. E. Sandford, near the Pound. It is seventeen feet two inches in circumference three feet from the ground, the largest known trunk in Milton. As the Oak attains to great age, it may fairly be inferred that this venerable Oak was in its youth¬ ful verdure when the Pilgrims sought these shores. Trees of all kinds of the deciduous varieties, and of great size, mark the borders and line the dividing walls of the estate of the late James M. Robbins, of Brush Hill; many of them were planted by James Smith one hundred and fifty years ago. THE WEBSTER TREE. Miss Ida Russell secured an acorn or a small Oak-tree from Daniel Webster’s estate in Marshfield, and planted it on a point of land between Adams street and Randolph avenue. Subse¬ quently the iron fence which enclosed the grave of the Hon. Jonathan Russell, who was first buried directly opposite the Russell house, on the north side of Adams street, and was after¬ wards removed to Forest Hills, was placed around this tree where it now stands. Unfortunately the tree has failed to. find a congenial soil, and to represent vigorously its honored name. Chestnut-trees of great size are found in various parts of our town; three or four on the old John Ruggles estate, Can¬ ton avenue. There is a grove of these trees, all of which are old and large and fruit-bearing, on the Lewis Bronsdon estate, Hillside street. The Willows along Ruggles lane were set out by Caleb Hobart about 1824; they have attained great size, the girth of the largest, a yard from the ground, is fourteen feet six inches. GENERAL VIEW. It is unnecessary to continue this detailed description of the trees that stand all around us. If one will ascend any eminence overlooking the town he will be surprised at the amount of surface apparently covered by trees. It matters little at which point of the compass he is looking, except a few small enclosures near by, almost the whole town seems a continuous park or wood, with here and there a building to offer its contrast to the shades of green. If one desires to witness the marvellous effect of trees in the landscape, let him drive over Brush Hill on a sunny day, and view the distant hills and the interlying valleys. But he who is seeking the greatest variety of forest growth, the health-seeker who would find Nature in her innermost 622 HISTORY OF MILTON. workshop, whence arises the fragrance from her mysterious operations in leaf, bud, and blossom, may ride, or, better still, walk around the base of the Blue Hills. Taking Highland street, or Harland street and Hillside street, he will come, almost at once, into the region where every sense will find gratification; while the lungs and every pore of the body will receive the health-giving atmosphere, loaded as it is with Nature’s tonics. When we remember that vegetation is Nature’s renovator; that its myriads of leaves are taking in injurious gases, appro¬ priating to their structure the deleterious portions, and restoring the needed oxygen, we marvel not at the exhilaration experi¬ enced from such intimate communion with her works. Considerations of this kind will account for the proverbial healthfulness of Milton, it having been, a few years ago, at the head of all the towns in the Commonwealth in a sanitary point of view. May the time never come when less regard shall be had to the setting and preserving of ornamental and forest trees ! BIRDS OF MILTON “ I hear from many a little throat A warble interrupted long; I hear the robin’s flute-like note, The bluebird’s slenderer song.” Bryant. The extensive areas covered with woods on the hills, together with the numerous smaller groves and patches of forest growth in all parts of the town, render Milton a favorite resort of the wood as well as the orchard birds. Each returning spring is announced by the welcome notes of the Robin, the Bluebird, the song and the chirping Sparrow, the Phoebe, and the red-winged Blackbird, while later the Oriole BIRDS. 628 and Swallows appear. Besides these varieties, which are found in all localities suited to their nesting, many wood birds in their passage from grove to grove are heard in the trees that shade the dwellings or adorn the roadsides. In June, when the elm-seeds are ripening, they afford nourish¬ ment for several species of the warblers. At intervals all through the long, sunny days the prolonged twitter of the Blue Yellow-backed Warbler ( Parula Americana') may be heard answering his mate foraging in a neighboring elm. At the same season, and earlier, at the outskirts of the village, one may hear the “ Chebec, chebec ” of the Least Flycatcher (j Empidonax Minima). He returns from the South about the middle of May. At nearly the same time comes the Maryland Yellow-throat ( Greothlypis Trichas ), whose song is an abrupt “Rich-e-tit, rich-e-tit, rich-e-tit,” thrice repeated. Then from a neighboring tree you hear the emphasized “ See, see, see, see, swasy ” of his cousin the Yellow Warbler (Den- droica Aestiva) ; and a little later in the season the bustling, business-like note of the Golden-crowned Thrush (> Sciurus Aurocapillus). The last is also called the oven-bird, because its nest, placed upon the ground, has the shape of an oven. All these bird-songs may be heard in every part of the town, from our dwellings, and by the wayside. Standing by the wood-side, the practised ear will catch the peculiar, ringing note of the Wood Thrush ( Turdus Muste- linus), the sweetest of all our song-birds. He seems the friend of the desponding, as he sings through the whole day only in cloudy weather; but on other days he waits till towards even¬ ing, when darkness is about to settle upon us, as though he would say, “ You need my song only when the sun is absent.” As one stands at the margin of the forest, the note is intensi¬ fied, as if echoed from the arches of a great cathedral, of which the tree-trunks are the supporting columns. No description can convey an idea of his thrilling strain; it must be heard, and by an ear attuned to enjoy the “ concord of sweet sounds,” and it will be, in memory, a joy forever. Each summer brings back to our hills the Whippoorwill (Antrostomus Vociferus), though it is not often that more than one is heard on the same evening in the centre of the town. In the vicinity of the deeper woods, at the south and west parts of the town, several are frequently heard, answering each other’s call. Yet his far less desirable neighbor, the Screech Owl (Scops Asio), was for a long time tenant-at-will on the church green. In 1876, and for several years preceding, this owl built in the 624 HISTORY OF MILTON. highest limb of one of the Dutch elms in front of the church. More than once, specimens from this nest were taken to the schools in the interest of natural science, and after posing suf¬ ficiently to wondering eyes were carefully returned to their blinking companions in the hollow tree. In Milton Cemetery, and also in other parts of the town, have been found, for several years, the tiny nests of our only Hum¬ ming Bird, the ruby-throated QTrochilus Colubris). This is the least of our birds, and the jewel of the feathered tribe. The Phoebe Flycatcher always builds in the horse-sheds in the rear of the churches. The Golden-winged Woodpecker and various warblers find safe homes in the elms on every side. Among the bushes by the roadside the Cat Bird, and also the Brown Thrush or Thrasher, find a secure dwelling-place. The former, not unfrequently, makes its nest in the thick shrub¬ bery near our dwellings. The song of each of these birds is a medley; a quite different performance from the cat-like cry of alarm that has given name to the former bird. The rollicking Bobolink makes himself known as a bird of note. “ Braggart, and prince of braggarts is he,” as poised on a topmost branch he pours out his song. A short-lived reign is his, however. The velvet and ermine of his jaunty coat is changed to sober brown, and his versatile lay to a single note, before the end of the summer. In the meadows and by the streams the Snipe and Wood¬ cock are still noticed, and in the woods the Quail and Par¬ tridge. The latter birds, with the rare and charming Scarlet Tanager, are occasionally started in our Cemetery and the grounds contiguous thereto. Much rarer birds are often seen in Milton. A few years since, that most beautiful of our water-birds, the Wood or Summer Duck, made her nest in a hollow oak, a few rods from the bridge where Brook road crosses Pine Tree Brook. Here, unmolested, she hatched her brood, which she at once helped to the ground. Then they were conducted or carried to the brook near by, their natural feeding-place, where, in their native element, they were secure till strong enough to take wing. After a long and very severe north-east storm four or five specimens of the Little Auk were found in Milton, blown hither from their far-off home in the northern seas. Several of these were secured and mounted by our citizens. BIRDS. 625 WINTER BIRDS. No enumeration would be complete which did not contain our winter birds. How many a frosty morning is enlivened by the cheerful twitter of the Chickadee! These may be secured as constant visitors, by food that they like placed on the window-stool, or within sight of the window. The wild Blue Jay also, when pressed by hunger, will come for the corn that is exposed for his use, or will steal it, if he can, through cracks in the corn-barn. In severest winters, after deep snows, the Crow, a much more wary bird, ventures near the abodes of man. In secluded places he will even eat of the food thrown to the poultry. This is never done without first posting a sentinel on some tree that commands a view of all approaches. In the depth of winter, especially when the sun shines out after a driving snow-storm, the dreary prospect is relieved by flocks of the Black Snow Bird. They are very tame, seeming to have little fear of man. Then the Snow Bunting, black and white in color, lights in flocks wherever dried weeds or sprays of grass project from the snow and give promise of a coveted seed. Both these birds have their nests and spend most of the year far to the north, visiting us only when the cold is in¬ tense, and the sunlight pretty much withdrawn from the region they love best. We have now also the peevish but persistent English Spar¬ row, fully acclimated, amongst us. In the cold season he is seen, in some parts of our town, in greater numbers than all the other non-migratory birds ; and he has come to stay. I think, if our home birds were asked to vote on the subject, they would affirm their ability to take care of troublesome insects without foreign intervention. In some sunny spots, like those heavily covered with cedars, whose thick branches afford a shelter in storms, a few Robins winter at the North. Occasionally they are seen in Milton at this season. A New England naturalist, Prof. J. W. P. Jenks, who formerly studied the habits of this bird, at the request of the Legislature, claims that the last brood of the Robin does not migrate the first year. They sometimes rear three broods in a season, he says, and possibly the last one has not acquired suf¬ ficient strength of wing to undertake the long flight to the South. 626 HISTORY OF MILTON. BIRD VISITS. These winter birds may afford much amusement, and con¬ tribute in no small degree to the life and cheer of the country home, during the period of ice and snow. The method here described of bringing them into close and fearless connection with ourselves and our dwellings was first observed many years ago at the pleasant residence of the Miss Bents on Brush Hill; it is now not uncommon in Milton. Within twenty feet of the drawing-room windows a wide board, with a rim around the edge, is suspended from a tree, six feet above the ground. On this is placed corn, wheat, barley, oats, cracked-corn, meal, and bran, — a variety to meet the taste and capacity of the guests. At the specific time, which is the first heavy fall of snow, our little friends who have before been our guests expect the entertainment; and if, for any reason, it is not ready, they remind us of the neglect by flitting from limb to limb in a disturbed and restless way, so that we cannot mistake their meaning. And when the feast is pre¬ pared the Snow Buntings and Chickadees gather their friends, and the Blue Jays scream to their fellows, and there is a general flying together, seemingly of old acquaintances. From this time they favor us with their presence till the snow disappears. Sometimes five or six Blue Jays are seen at once. The smaller birds prefer the meal and bran and broken wheat. The Blue Jays invariably take the corn; and, if the supply fails, they are sure to remind us of it, as they are not over-modest, and are favored with a strong voice. Last year, for the first time, the English Sparrows discovered the festive board ; they evidently thought themselves in luck, and took possession, sending the Chickadee and Snow Bunting to the ground to pick up the crumbs that had fallen from the master’s table; nor did they discover the mistake until the lordly Blue Jay gently reminded them of the true state of things. BIRD CONCERTS. Expositors do not attribute that outburst of the Royal Psalmist in his “ Spring Psalm ” to the bird-concerts at the opening and closing of the day : “ Thou makest the outgoings of the morning and evening to rejoice.” But when we listen to the sweet blending of bird-notes, that wake the morning and hush the evening to repose, it is scarcely possible to give it another meaning. From the doors and windows of every dwelling in Milton, BIRDS. 627 especially of those near trees and woods, which is true of almost all, the sublime bird-chorus may be heard. The grand season of song commences about the middle of May, and extends into June, covering the time of bird-loves, before the labor of nest¬ building and the care of birdlings come on. The morning concert is opened at the break of dawn by solo voices answering each other from tree to tree ; as the light opens and the day advances the voices increase in number and volume, until the dwellers of every tree and thicket and grove join in one grand chorus of exultant song. The sunset concert is more sub¬ dued, but not less enchanting. It begins as the sun is about setting, and continues till dark. The feathered song¬ sters lift up their evening- song of praise, carolling, warbling, trilling, in soft and liquid notes, until the day departs. APPENDIX. APPENDIX A. MASSACHUSETTS. cpHE consideration of the origin and meaning of the word A “Massachusetts,” though not strictly a portion of our history, and perhaps of no special interest to the general reader, should, nevertheless, have a place in the annals of the town, from whose hills, according to the highest authority, the name was derived. It will surely be of deep interest to many citizens not of Milton alone, hut of other towns in the Commonwealth. Dr. J. Hammond Trumbull , 1 of Hartford, Conn., whose au¬ thority in the Algonkin dialects is unquestioned, in answer to a letter directed to him, asking his latest thoughts and con¬ clusions on this point, replies as follows : — Hartford, Dec. 9, 1884. Rev. Dr. Teele : — My dear Classmate,— Massachusetts is an anglicized plural of Massachusett — which unquestionably signifies ‘ c at the great hills ” or “ hill.” I send you a sheet from the Proceedings of the Am. Antiquarian Society for October, 1867, containing a letter I wrote about the name, —though I was then less confident than now, and offered my interpretation only as conjectural. I have, as you will see, explained Williams’ “ Blew Hill” and Cotton’s “ arrow-head.” By the way, is there any one of that range of hills which may be said to have the shape of an (Indian) arrow-head ? It is worth look¬ ing for. Yrs. sincerely, J. HAMMOND TRUMBULL. 1 The Rev. Dr. Henry M. Dexter, of Boston, thus writes respecting Dr. Trumbull: — “ Boston, 8 Feb., 1879. “My dear Sir,—H o living man can correct J. Hammond Trumbull in Algonkin, or tell whether he be right in his deductions from it, because he is the only man who knows the language. “ But the result of all my puny investigations in the same direction has always been to persuade me that a more accurate scholar does not live than he is. “ Consequently, I trust him, and, trusting him, Ihave no doubtmyself that his account of the matter is a true one. “ Faithfully, “ HENRY M. DEXTER.’ 632 HISTORY OF MILTON. A part of Dr. Trumbull’s letter to Dr. E. E. Hale, of the American Antiquarian Society, which was regarded by that distinguished Society “ as a very intelligible and satisfactory determination of the subject,” is here inserted, as follows: — And now, as to the signification of the name. Hereupon, I am not prepared to speak positively, and therefore would have preferred to say nothing, until I should receive more light. But in reply to your query, I very willingly give you as much as I know, and add what I guess. There is no doubt, I think, about “ the achu part.” Adchu (as Eliot wrote it) was the generic name for ‘' hill ” or “mountain.” In Eliot’s version it occurs frequently, with the pronominal prefix of the third person, Wadchu (=00adchu) : in the plural, wadchuash (as in Is. xl. 12, for “mountains” and “hills”). With the locative suffix ( wadchu-ut ), it signified at, in, into, or on, the mountain; see G-en. xxxi. 54 ; Exod. xix. 12, and xxiv. 18 ; Is. xxvii. 13. (“ Olivese wadchu” (Zech. xiv. 4) = “ Wadchu Olives” (Luke xix. 29), for “ the Mount of Olives.”) Mas- represents, I believe, the adjective missi , mussi , or as Eliot more frequently (but not always) wrote it, mishe , — “ great.” The first vowel was obscure, or rather there was between the m and s only a sh’wa, and m’si is perhaps a better spelling. The final vowel is necessarily lost in composition. M’s-adchu (Eliot has mishadchu , as in Luke iii. 5, and Rev. viii. 8), “a great mountain.” (In Luke iii. 5, we have mishadchu hah wadchu , “ mountain and hill.”) At, or in, the great mountain, would be expressed by m’s-adchu-ut (not -set) ; but the adjective formed from m’sadchu , or its plural, m’sadchuash, might be m’sadchuse (or as in the before-mentioned title of the Indian Psalter, Massachusee). So, Massachuse-dhke (=z Messacliusiack , of Gorges, ut supra ; Messats8sek , of R&le’s Dictionary, s. v. “ Noms ”), for “the great-hill country ; ” and Massachusee-og (= Massachuseuck , of R. Williams and Winslow ; “ the Massachusets” of Smith and Mourt’s Relation ; “ Massachisans,” of Gorges), for “ the great hill people.” (-Par parentM.se , that name was earned on the 17th of June, 1775, if never before ; and may be held by a new tenure when the Hoosac Tunnel is bored.) The “two wholly diverse explanations,” to which you allude as given in the books, I understand to be the statement of Roger Will¬ iams, and a note at the end of Cotton’s Vocabulary. Williams was informed “ that Massachusetts was called so from the Blew Hills ; ” Cotton, that “ Massachusetts ” was “ an hill in the form of an arrow’s head.” Neither professed to translate the name. From one, we learn that the “ great hill ” was one of those sometimes called “ Blew Hills ; ” from the other, its shape. I should say, then, that “ Massachusetts” was originally an angli¬ cized plural of a corrupt form (Massachuset ), in which he who first used it blended, through ignorance of the language, the description of the place ( m’sadchu-ut ), “at the great hill” (or “hills”) with APPENDIX A. 633 the tribal name of the Indians who lived thereabouts, M'sadchuseiick, “ great hill people.” It may be, however, — and in other Algonkin dialects I find some¬ thing to give probability to the supposition, — that the termination or suffix, set, in such names as Massachu-set, Wachu-set, Narragan-set, Nepon-set, and the like, had the signification of “towards,” “near to,” or “ in the vicinity of,” in distinction from the simple locative ut, et, or it, signifying “ in,” “ on,” or “ at.” But I find no trace of such affix in the writings of Eliot, Williams, or Rftle. —Letter of J. Hammond Trumbull to Dr. E. E. Hale. ARROW—HEAD HILL. No little significance is given by local historians to that refer¬ ence to Massachusetts found at the close of Cotton’s Vocabulary, as follows: “ Massachusetts, an hill in the form of an arrow’s- head.” It is conceived that “ Massachusetts Hummock ” (so called in ancient plans and deeds), situated in the town of Quincy, on the Squantum road, to which Chickataubut removed his head¬ quarters after the pestilence, resembles an arrow-head; and that the above allusion to Massachusetts by Cotton, in connec¬ tion with this peculiar hill, known to have been the head-quarters of the tribe, furnishes a key to the origin and meaning of the word. To throw light on this matter, it is proper to state that “ the manuscript volume of Cotton’s Vocabulary is of small quarto size, and consists of sixty leaves and one hundred and twelve pages, with two other leaves containing an imperfect index of English words which occur in it.” The Vocabulary proper ends on page 111. The whole of page 112, containing six independent entries, among which is the said reference to Massachusetts, is here transcribed: — Page 112 of Cotton's Vocabulary. “ When 2 or 3 o together, how to be prononneed? ” “ Massachusetts an hill in the form of an arrow’s head.” “ Nequt, a thing that is past.” “ Pasuk, a thing in being.” Kext, five printed lines and two words on a sixth line, in the Indian language, in the midst of which is the abbreviation Luk: 16, 26. “ Let us sing to the praise of God, Psalm 23. Kuttoohumontuh en wawenomaonganit God.” In order to secure all attainable light and knowledge on the arrow-head conjecture, and, if possible, to settle and determine 634 HISTORY OF MILTON. a question of so great interest, the whole matter was re-sub¬ mitted to Dr. Trumbull, with plans, deeds, and all docu¬ mentary evidence touching the arrow-head theory that could be gathered. He was also asked to unveil the mysteries of page 112. In accordance with his wonted courtesy the following reply was received, and is here submitted: — Hartford, March 6, 1885. Rev. A. K. Teele, D.D. : — My dear Classmate,—I have yours of the 3d, “with accom¬ panying documents.” Cotton’s Vocabulary — compiled in 1707 and 1708, when he was studying (but had not advanced far in the knowl¬ edge of) the Indian language of Massachusetts — originally ended on page 111 of the manuscript. On the next page (112) he set down a query, and certain memoranda, —which made no part of the Vocab¬ ulary. First, a query : “ when 2 or 3 o” come together, how they are “to be pronounced? ” The digraph oo (= oo) and the double o will be found in a great number of words in the Vocabulary: in many, triple and quadruple o’s (ooo and oooo), and in one word at least, p. 87, a quintuple , 5oooo. The pronunciation of some of these words puzzled Mr. Cotton, and he noted the matter for further inves¬ tigation. The third and fourth entries (as printed) are: “ Nequt, a thing that is past.” “ Pasuk , a thing in being.” Now, the English is not the translation of either word, for both nequt and pasuk mean “ one,” and can be translated by no other English word; but there was a distinction between the two words, which Mr. Cotton was try¬ ing to get at; and, though not quite successful, he came tolerably near it. (I may add parenthetically, that nequt is “ one ” as a nume¬ ral— i. e., the first of a series ; and pasuk is “ one” absolutely, — a unit , admitting no second: a distinction not to be lost sight of by a missionary.) “ Next, five printed lines and two words on the sixth line in the Indian, in the midst of which is the abbreviation Luk. 16. 26.” These lines supply forms for beginning and ending a sermon, and were very likely written by the younger Cotton from his father’s dictation, and set down on this blank page for ready reference. Literally translated, they mean this and nothing more: “At the beginning of teaching [or preaching], ‘ Hear ye the word of God, and prepare yourself to receive that which is written in Luke 16 : 26 ; ’ at the end, say, ‘ Now (or thus) you have heard the good word [= gospel] of God; if you carefully observe it, by the mercy of God you shall be blessed forever.’ ” Then follows the form, in English and Indian, “Let us sing to the praise of God, Psalm 23.” To go back to the second entry,—_ in which you are most inter¬ ested,— in which Massachusetts is identified with “ an hill in the form of an arrow-head.” This is not given as a translation, or a APPENDIX A. 635 definition. It is merely the description of a locality, or tract of land to which Cotton had been told this name belonged. “Massachusetts” does not signify “an hill in the form of an arrow-head,” any more exactly than “ nequt ” signifies “ a thing that is past.” Cotton had learned—on some authority or other — that the name belonged to such a hill. But there is not — and here I speak positively — any element in the name itself which can possibly signify “ arrow-head,” or the “ form of an arrow-head,” or can have any reference to an arrow, or its head or its shape, in the Massa¬ chusetts dialect or in any other known Algonkin language. The hill, or rather the locality, was Massachuset; the Indians who lived there¬ abouts were “amongst themselves,” Massaclius&uck , as Roger Will¬ iams wrote it in 1643 — the Massachusets or Massachuseucks (the final s being added to form an English plural or possessive), named, in Winslow’s “ Good News from N.E.” (See Young’s “ Chron. of the Pilgrims,” p. 285, and my edition of R. Williams’ “ Indian Key,” Note 7.) There can be, I think, no reasonable doubt that Massachuset desig¬ nated a locality at or near a “ great hill,” or “ great hills,” and that the Indians thereabouts were called “people of the great hill (or hills)” Massachuseuck, and by the English “ Massachusets.” I cannot give you the meaning of Neponset , or of the pseudo-In¬ dian “ Hoosick-Whisick.” I find the name of the river written “Aponsett,” in 1639, by Thomas Lechford. In Connecticut (Had- dam) we have a “ Punset” brook, anciently called “ Cockaponset; ” and in Massachusetts (Halifax) “ Moonponset ” or “ Munponset.” As yet these names resist analysis, though we may be tolerably cer¬ tain that they are nearly related. Very truly yours, " J. HAMMOND TRUMBULL. JO SI AH COTTON. Josiah Cotton, the compiler of the manuscript Vocabulary, was the second son of Rev. John Cotton, for twenty-eight years pastor of the First Church, Plymouth. Josiah was born in 1680, and graduated at Harvard in 1698, when eighteen years of age. His father removed to Charleston, S.C., in 1697, and became minister of the church there, where he died, Sept. 18, 1699. Rev. John Cotton was an eminent Indian scholar, and corrected the edition of Eliot’s Indian Bible, printed at Cam¬ bridge in 1685. We learn from John Pickering that “ the volume is principally in the handwriting of the author him¬ self; but there are numerous additions and corrections in the handwriting of his father.” It bears the dates of 1707 and 1708 in two or three different places. HISTORY OF MILTON. It therefore follows, that the Vocabulary must have been the work of Josiah in his boyhood, in order to secure corrections from his father, who died in a distant city the year after the graduation of his son and when he was but nineteen years of age. cotton’s vocabulary. The Cotton Vocabulary was first printed by the Massachu¬ setts Historical Society in 1830. (3 Mass. Hist. Coll., II., 147 ft.) It is preceded by an introductory notice of the author, giving a statement of his missionary life among the Indians, his ready use of their language both in speaking and writing, and vari¬ ous reasons for reliance on the correctness of the Vocabulary. Appended to the introduction are the initials J. D. These ini¬ tials are understood to represent the name of Hon. John Davis, of Plymouth, who was “one of the most profound antiquarians of New England.” Following this introduction is a “ Notice of the Manuscript, with Remarks on the Author’s Orthography and the Pronun¬ ciation of the Language; ” to this are attached the initials J. P. These are said to stand for the Hon. John Pickering, of Salem, an eminent philologist and writer of law. Among his published writings are essays on “ The Uniform Orthography of the Indian Language,” and the “ Indian Languages of America.” IMPORTANT QUESTION. The question arises, How has it happened that the “ arrow¬ head ” definition got its place, and kept its place in Cotton’s Vocabulary, prepared by the son, revised and corrected by the learned father, and, after the lapse of more than a century, passing under the keen scrutiny of the Hon. John Davis and Dr. John Pickering? The leading answer is, that Cotton’s reference to Massachu¬ setts is not included in, and is independent of, the Vocabulary, which ends on page 111. It is set down on this one hundred and twelfth page, among the disconnected entries there, as a query, a tradition, a matter of conjecture, or a memorandum for further consideration. It seems not unlike the third and fourth entries on said page, “ Nequt ” and “ Pasuk,” neither of which is translated by the English which follows it, though each indicates a search after the true meaning. That the learned father would have allowed the son to re¬ cord and perpetuate so grave an error, which he might have corrected, had he looked upon it in the light of an error, is APPENDIX A. 637 hardly to be supposed. The father may never have seen this entry, as the Vocabulary was not completed until seven or eight years after his decease; or, if the sentence met his eye, its true import and value were suggested by the character of other entries on the same page, none of which received his correction. The acute minds of the present century who have reviewed the work have doubtless taken a like view with the distin¬ guished living scholar, Dr. Trumbull, as no reference is made by them to any inaccuracies in the body of the work, or in the memoranda on this fly-leaf. CONCLUSIONS. The following hypothesis is therefore submitted as a reason¬ able solution of the matter: — The hummock rising out of the marsh at Squantum, which is thought to have the shape of an arrow-head, and on which Chickataubut lived after the pestilence, took the name of “Massachusetts” from the name of the tribe camping there. “Massachusetts” is inscribed on this hummock in a plan of the section drafted as early as 1687, and the same appears in various deeds of conveyance. Mr. Cotton having learned the name given to this hill, and its shape, raised the query, or jotted down the memorandum, “ Massachusett, an hill in the form of an arrow’s head.” To the suggestion that, after a fuller and more accurate knowledge of the language, from forty years of missionary labor among the Indians, Mr. Cotton would naturally perfect his unfinished work and correct the errors of his early efforts, it is pertinent to respond that, as he progressed in the language, the results of his crude beginnings might have been thrown aside as useless, or wholly forgotten in the riper knowledge of mature jears. After the foregoing pages on Arrow-Head Hill had been written, embodying Dr. Trumbull’s letter of March 6, 1885, the manuscript was forwarded to him for his approval and correc¬ tion, and he was solicited to furnish any new thoughts or additional facts on the arrow-head theory. Within a few days the following valuable paper was received, in which the whole question is restated and discussed in a most lucid and satis¬ factory manner: — 638 HISTORY OF MILTON. Hartford, May 12, 1887. My dear Dr. Teele, — With reference to recent discussion by lo¬ cal historians as to the origin and meaning of the name “ Massachu¬ setts,” you ask me if I care to revise or add to my letter to you of March 6, 1885, which was written by way of supplement to my reply to Rev. Dr. E. E. Hale, printed in the Proceedings of the American Antiquarian Society in 1867. You recall my attention to Cotton’s note on ‘ £ Massachusetts ” as “ an hill in the form of an arrow-head,” and to the question of the identity of the “ Massachu¬ setts hummock,” so called, in Quincy, with the hills earlier known as those of the “ Massachusetts.” To begin at the beginning, — Captain John Smith, when exploring the coast of New England, in 1614, noted, among “ the cheef moun- taines,” “ the high mountaine of Massachusit,” and distinguished it on his map as the highest of the ‘ ‘ Cheuyot hills ” (the name which Prince Charles gave to Smith’s “ Massachusets Mount”). A glance at Smith’s map (“ Description of New England,” 1616) shows conclusively that this “Massachusets Mount” — “the high mountain of Massachusit” — was not a mere “hummock” rising from a marsh. And here note that Smith’s name of the mountain was recorded at least two years before the pestilence of 1616-17, which induced Chickataubut’s removal from the ‘ ‘ Massachusetts Fields ” to the hummock at Squantum. As to the meaning of the name : Smith has very nearly translated it (if it be restricted to Great Blue Hill) by “ the high mountain.” But the form of the Indian name — Massachu-s-et — shows that it originally designated the country “ at or about the great hills” (plural), i.e. , the Blue Hills. The name, as I have before written, is formed from massa , “ great,” wadchu , “ mountain,” which in com¬ position loses its initial w, and in the plural becomes wadchuash (as Eliot wrote it) or adchuds , and the locative suffix et, “ at or near.” I am now confident, as I was not in 1867, that the s of the penult is a mark of the plural; i.e., that the name Massachusets means “ at (or near) the great hills.” (So the name Wachuset, now restricted to a single mountain, originally designated the country at or near the mountains and hills (now in Princeton and Westminster) of which Wachuset is the highest.) “ Massachuset ” includes the Indian plural sign ; but Smith and those who came after him added a final s, as a mark of the English plural or the English possessive. Smith (“ Description of N.E.,” 1616) distinguishes the “ high mountaine of Massachusit” and “Massachusets Mount;” in 1631 (“Advert, for the Unexper. Planters”) he names “ Massachuset ” as a place or “ country ”(p. 14) ; the natives, called “ the Massachusets ” (p. 15) ; and “ the Bay of the Massachusets” (p. 10). So, in Mourt’s Relation of a Voyage from Plymouth “to the Massachusets,” in 1621, this distinction is observed: “ the Massa¬ chuset bay,” “ Massachusets [possessive] Queene,” and “the Mas¬ sachusets” Indians (p. 57). In their own language, they were APPENDIX A. 639 “ Massachus£uck ” (as Roger Williams wrote it). On the title-pages, Indian and English, of the Psalter of 1709 — of which an Indian, “ James Printer,” was one of the correctors of the press—we have the two adjectives, Indian “ Massachusee,” against English “ Mas- sachusei.” In Rule’s Abnaki dictionary the same name is given to the locality (or rather to the colony and its capital) , “ MessatsooseA:, Baston,” the Abnaki -ek corresponding to Mass, —et, as the locative suffix. Now, about the “ arrow-head” story. Where young Josiah Cotton learned it we need not take the trouble to inquire. Nearly a hundred years before he wrote, Captain John Smith had named “ the high mountaine of Massachusit,” or ‘‘ Massachusets Mount,”—which certainly was not the “ hummock” or (as Hutchinson calls it) “ the rising upland, near Squantum; ” and this, I repeat, was before the traditional removal of the Sachem Chickataubut “ from Massachusets fields [or Mount Wollaston] where the greatest Sagamore in the country lived before the Plague,” to the “ arrow-head” hummock. Nearly seventy years after Smith’s coming, Roger Williams, who had known the Indians and their language for half a century, deposed that he “ had learnt that the Massachusetts was called so from the Blue Hills.” That the hummock, after Chickataubut’s removal to it, began to be called by the name of the tribe, is not improbable. It came to be, in fact, the Massachusets’ hummock. Then, conjectures began as to the origin of the name. The hummock was “ in the form of an arrow-head,” — such stone arrow-heads as were picked up by dozens or quarts on the site of every ancient Indian fort or village in New England. Next, an “ Indian” name for “ arrow-head ” was to be supplied; and this was found, by the proprietor of the hum¬ mock, in season for some “ learned gentlemen of Boston” to send it to Neal, for incorporation in his “ History of New England,” pub¬ lished in 1720. In that history, p. 580, he quotes this “ learned gentleman ” as authority for the statement that “ a small hill, or upland,” — the Squantum hummock, doubtless,— “ nowin possession of Capt. John Billings, lies in the shape of an Indian arrow’s-head, which arrow-heads were called in their language Mos , or Mans, with an o nasal, and a hill in their language is Wetuset, pronounced ac¬ cording to us, Wechuset; hence this great Sachem’s Seat was called Moswetuset , which signifies a hill in the shape of an Arrow’s Head,” etc., etc. On all which I note : — (1, and in repetition.) That the name Massachusit was first given, not to a “ small hill or upland ” or marsh “ hummoth,” but to one of “the cheef mountaines” of the coast, “the high mountaine of Massachusit.” (2.) That no word like Mos or Mons , signifying an “ arrow-head,” has yet been discovered in the Massachusetts dialect, or in any other nearly related Algonkin dialect. I say this with some confidence, for I have searched for the word in nearly forty dialects of this language. Mos with “o nasal” means what we call a Moose; Eliot wrote it Moos ; in modern Chippeway it is Mons (with o 640 HISTORY OF MILTON. nasal) ; and so Roger Williams marked it “ Mobs,” his grave accent denoting a nasal. Moreover, what was the shape of “an Indian arrow’s head,” — triangular, lozenged, hastate, subulate ? The vocabularies are rich in arrow names. In one (western) Algonkin dictionary I find more than twenty names for arrows of various fashions. No Indian would name a hill or “hummoth” vaguely without defining the shape or style of the arrow-head designated. In Massachusetts (Plymouth), as “ Mourt’s Relation” tells us, of the arrows shot at the English in their first encounter with the Indians (1621) “ some were headed with brasse, others with Hart’s horn, and others with Eagles’ claws.” In Higginson’s “New England’s Plantation,” he wrote (1629) that the Indian arrows were “ some of them headed with bone, and some with brass.” (3.) That “ a hill in their language is” not Wetuset; nor was “ Wetuset, pronounced according to us Wechusett.” A hill or moun¬ tain was, in their language, wadchu (Eliot and Cotton) ; in the plural, wadchuash , as Eliot wrote it, or, in composition, wadcliu’s; with the locative suffix, wadchusit, “ at (or on) the mountains or hills.” (4.) Wadchu loses its initial W in composition. Even if “ Mos” meant “ arrow’s head,” — which it did not, — “ Mos-wetuset ” would not be good Indian, for “a hill in the shape of an arrow’s head.” For a “great mountain” (Rev. viii. 8) Eliot wrote Mis-adchu (= Missi, or Massa -f- wadchu), —not Mis-wadchu; and in Luke iii. 5, “ Misadchu Jcah wadchu ,” for “mountain and hill.” (5.) Neal’s informant, though he may have been “ a learned gen¬ tleman of Boston,” was certainly ignorant of the Massachusetts language, and his authority on the analysis of an Indian name is worthless. Your urgency has induced me to give more time and to write more pages on a point which seems to me clear enough, than I would otherwise have consented to do. But please don’t ask me to re¬ state, again, the grounds of my assurance that the name of Massa- chuset designated the vicinity of the “ great hills ” of Milton and Quincy, and that the Great Blue Hill was Smith’s “ high mountaine of Massachusit” of 1614. Very truly yours, J. HAMMOND TRUMBULL. Rev. A. K. Teele. D.D.. Blue Hill. Mass. APPENDIX B. THACHER’S JOURNAL. T HE journal of Rev. Peter Thacher, the first pastor of Milton, has been in the possession of a citizen of Milton, it is believed, for more than half a century, and is by him contributed to our history. In the preceding pages it is often referred to, quotations from it being interspersed throughout the volume; but otherwise it has not been made public. The owner of the journal has seen fit to suppress some entries of a private and family nature, and to confine the present issue of it to matters strictly connected with the affairs of Milton. While these omissions are but few and unimportant, they nevertheless compel us to offer the journal in an imperfect form. REY. PETER THACHER’S JOURNAL. [Begun at Barnstable January , 1679 .] Received of Mr Peter Thacher ten Pounds for transporting his goods from Barnstable to Milton, and I have received also full satisfaction for whatever the said Mr Thacher has at any time had of me this 30 th day of November 1680 Barnabas Lathrop. Old Mr Batt was interred about two oclock. Wife & I dined at Mr Daviess. — Mr. Mather came to me & desired me to go with him to see fathers picture, at brothers. Boston April 25, 1679 Dr. Butler let my blood. “ “ 29 “ this evening was the first time of our playing at nine pins in our alley. Mother Oxenbridge was to see us and promised the child a silver rattle or whistle April 30. 1679. I spoke at Goodwife Bumsteads this night, I paid 5/ 6 for a pack of nine pins and bowle. May 2. S r Rawson & I began to clasify my fathers libraiy. May 5 this day the first ship came from England May 7, 1679 I bought an Indian of Mr Checkley and was to pay £5. a month after I received her and five pounds more in a quarter of a year May 13 Berry came in from England, the fore noon I spent looking after letters from England May 14. This night Margaret an Indian servant came to live with me. this day Mr James Sherman was ordained at Sudbury. May 20 Mr Easta- brook settled at Concord. June 9. Mr Willard & Dr Butler made an end of appraising my fathers Library in the afternoon my wife & I and Mr Grindall Rawson l’ide to Goodman Gates, in the evening Mr Torey & wife 642 HISTORY OF MILTON. came to lodge at our house. June 25 This day Mr Huckings was with me privately to discourse concerning Barnstable.. June 26. John Lovewell of Barnstable & his wife was with me. I was at Mr Houghs funeral, and then went to the contract of Mr Thomas Hales with Mrs Rebecca Rawson Mr Willard contracted them. July 1.1779. I was very sick andsent for Dr Avery. —Mr. Hales married to-day by Mr Wilson of Medfield. July 15. My dear & I went to Pembertons and had a fine treat there. July 18. This day I was twenty eight years old. July 21. I went and prayed with Mrs Hayward after which she sent me a pot of honey for my cold. July 22. Mr Ware and Mr Keith of Bridgewater came. July 24. This day my dear & Mrs Clark went to see Mrs Shrimpton at her Island. July 28. This day there was an. Overseers meeting at Cambridge about Page and other scholars. July 29. This day Mr Willard was married to Mrs Eunice Ting. Aug. 7. occurred the great fire immense loss. Aug. 12. I was at Commencement. I waited upon Gov. Winslow and Esq r Dudley from Roxbury Edw d Oakes made a Salutatory Oration. Aug 18. 1679 Came home and found my Indian girl had liked to have knocked my Theodora on head by letting her fall, whereupon I took a good walnut stick and beat the Indian to purpose, till she promised to do so no more. Aug. 19. Leftenant Lawthrope and Mr Dimmick came as messengers from Barnstable to renew the call of me unto the work of the Ministry, and brought a letter from the Congregation unto me, whereupon I went and advised with Mr Mather and Mr Willard that night. Aug. 20. About six in the morning the Castle gave an alarm, whereupon the beacon was fired and the companies in arms, but it proved only from friendly ships from England. In the afternoon brother Thomas & I ride up to Cambridge to consult with Mr Oaks about my going to Barnstable, he advised me to take a weeks time to consider of it. Aug 21. I wrote a letter to Barnstable to return thanks for their affec¬ tion, and to desire a fortnight to consider of it ' Aug 22. Mr Willard told me that Mr Hinckley informed him that one third of the people did not vote for to give me a call to Barnstable, there¬ upon I went to advise with Elder Rainsford about it Aug. 24. Chose messenger to Synod with Capt Hull; Maj Savage & myself were joined to the Elders. Aug 25. Went to Elder liainsford’s to hear his result about my going to Barnstable, who had discoursed with Capt. Hull & Deacon Elliot, he thought it might be well to go up and try. Aug 29. My brother Ralph & I came on our way towards Duxbury dined at Mr Fisks went to Weymouth and discoursed with Mr. Torrey about Barnstable Sep 1, 1679. My brother &I went to Plymouth to have our horses shod. Sep. 2. Mr Cotton advised me to go my journey to-day lest Mr Hinckley should think me too forward to return my answer. Sep. 3. We took leave of Mr Cotton and began our journey towards Barnstable, on the way we met Mr Ilaeklings who was sent by the chh for my answer, he turned "back with us, went to Cousin Thachers at Yarmouth. Sep. 5. Mr Dimmock came from Barnstable and we went with him to Barnstable. Mr Hinckley came but would not advise me to come or stay. I told him I was not under great temptation to remove, having divers other motions made to me nearer Boston. June 27. 1680. I preached both parts of the day at Milton 2 Peter 3-15 APPENDIX B. 643 was ill all day, yet God was pleased comfortably to help me through the work of the day. I was much spent when I came to Mr Swifts June 28. 1680. This morning Goodman Tucker the two Blakes Mr Holman Goodman Sumner Tho s Swift and another of the Church came to give me thanks for my labors and to request me to settle amongst them, and I gave them encouragement that I would, but prefixed no time, only promised that I would write them word when they should expect me with my family after I got home, so desiring them to spend some time in extraor¬ dinary prayer to God for me that 1 might come to them in the fullness of the blessing of the Gospel of Peace, I took leave of them and went to Boston calling to see Mr Flint as I went for Lydia Chapin, she and I went to Wey¬ mouth that night, and just as we entered Braintree we met Mr Barker and G. M. Troup who informed of the health of my family, and Goodman Troup went back again with Lydia & myself to Mr Torreys where we lodged that night and were very kindly entertained. June 30. Came home to Barnstable July 1 st Divers of the Town went to the Deputy Govenor (Hinckley) and spoke very home to him, told him he must now act or Barnstable was undone — they were never like to have a Minister while he was in Town. Sep. 8.1680. This day my dear, myself Theodora Lydia began our journey to Milton. We went from Mr Allines and had a great company of horse with us, seven and fifty horse and twelve of them double went with us to Sandwich, and there got me to go to prayer with them, and I think none of them parted with me with dry eyes — we lodged that night at Mr Dexters, were very entertained. Sep 9, 1680. That day Mr. Barnabas Lawthrope began his voyage to Milton with my goods, got to the Castle that night, and we set forward on our journey and got well that night to Trasseys at Duxbury. Sep. 10. We came to Mr. Torreys where we ate, and Goodman Crane before to acquaint them of our coming, that night we came safe and well to Milton, blessed be the Lord, the morning Mr Lawthrope came with our goods, and Quartermaster Swift got them all safely into the house that night, we lodged at Mr Swifts, our whole family. Sep. 11. Mr Lawthrope came thither to see us the morning we came to the ministerial house, the two Blakes lodged there all night to secure the goods, divers hands came to help us. Goodman Tucker brought some cur¬ rant wine and cakes and a loaf of bread. Goodman Crane sent a cheese, and an apple pie and some turnips & bread. Young Daniels sent a qiiart of wine. Mr Holman a quarter of mutton and some tobacco. Mr Swift brought us a joint of roast mutton for supper & some beer. Sep. 17. I attended Mr Flints funeral. “ 24. Old Goodman Yose gave me a barrel of cider and some honey. Oct. l 6t . I bought a little mare for my dear, gave £2. in the evening came home from Boston to Milton my dear. Lydia & the child rode upon the old mare & I upon the other. Oct. 4. Major Gookin & his son David were to see me. Oct. 5. I rid to Weymouth lecture — heard Mr Adams, Mr Hobart prayed — afterwards we ate some cake & smoked. Mr Mighill Mr Fiske prayed after which we supped & I came home. Oct. 8. I tried to teach my mare to amble by cross spanning of her. Oct. 11. Jonathan Gulliver killed & dressed" us a hog. Oct. 15. Mr. Rawson came to see me and I spake to him to preach. — in the evening Mr Swift Mr Holman and brother Newton came as Messengers from the Church to give me a call to office. Oct. 16. My dear went to Boston and carried home Mary Gallope — 644 HISTORY OF MILTON . Brother Thomas Mr Ravenscroft & Thomas Savage dined with me. Good¬ man Gulliver sent me a quarter of brave mutton. Oct. 21. I went to Goodman Tiffanys for one of his sons James to live with me. I was to perfect him in reading, and to teach him to write. Oct. 25. Goodman Newton and Goodman Spere were daubing. Oct. 27. They trained at Milton, after which divers young men came in to see me. Nov. 3. 1680. My dear went to Boston — divers brought wood —ten cutters, and three carters. Nov. 7. Mr Thornton preached for me both parts of the day, this was the first help I had since I came hither. Nov. 17. Mr Whitman told of a blazing star. “ 19. Extremely cold 1 lost two turkeys. “ 21. This day we had the first snow. Sam 1 Pitchers wife was buryed to-day. Nov. 22. I had five carts carting me wood— Goodman Sumner & his cart — Goodman Tucker & his cart, Goodman Man’s, Goodman Crane and Widow Wadsworths cart. They brought ten loads and supped with us. Nov. 25. General Thanksgiving, three or four house service — we had at Supper Goodmen Stores Man Tiffany Salisbury, Jordan, Heuchyway and their wives, and Goody Salisbury. Nov. 28. Preached at Dorchester and dined with Mr Stoughton. Dec. 1 st I paid for gravestones for my dear Bathsheba and sent them to Barnstable. Dec. 13. There was a town meeting and the town expressed a desire of my continuing amongst them. Dec. 14. This night I saw the comet in the west in the evening — it had an extremely long & broad blaze, pale of color, swift in motion. Dec. 20. Mr Capen preached for me in the morning. Mr Risk was to see me and told me that Gov Winslow died last Saturday. 1680. Dec. 27. this night brother Sheafes house was burnt & himself wife & child were forced to skip out of the window — Goodman Dorsets house was burnt, William Oxenbridges blown up. 1680-81 Jan. 4. The Church of Milton came to treat with me about settlement here. I told them they must consider whether they would have a ruling Elder, Deacons, and what Church discipline they would fall into. Jan. 5. General Court had a fast & the elders. Jan 9. Sabbath — I preached—in the evening the congregation sig¬ nified their desire to have me stay by vote, it was general — none in the negative. Jan. 13. Mr Holman and the Quartermaster came in to see me. Jan. 15. Soloman Rainsford & Goodman Mason came and spent some time with me. Jan. 16. In the evening Sam 1 Gallop came to see me and told me that brother Twing was drowned going to Rhode Island in a canoe. Jan. 20. Goody Man delivered of a daughter. I spake to John Redman of being in drink. Jan. 31. Brother Tucker, Brother Blake & Brother Sumner were with me as Messengers of the Church to renew my call to office. Feb. 3. Brother Sumner & old Goodman Gulliver were with me. Feb. 7. Brother Swift was at our house all day to wait for the bringing of the Ministers pay — Goodman Peck paid his whole rate 5/ of it in money which is the first money I rec d on their account since I came to Milton — Widow Wadsworth paid one pound in linen cloth. Mch. 8. 1681. Sarg‘Badcock GoodmCrane, Gulliver, Swift, Messengers from the Town about settlement. APPENDIX B. 645 March. 13. I propounded a contribution for Goodman Corbins son in Turkish captivity. March 25. They trained at Milton and shot after twelve at night which frightened my dear. Mai’ch 31 This day myself and family kept a private fast for my dear that she might be preserved in childbed, for Theodora, and for guidance in settlement & to renew our covenant. April. 15. I expressed my willingness to accept the call April 18. Concluded to send my two mares to the W. Indies April 22. Nat. Pitcher went to Dorchester to get Mr Capen to preach. May 6. Goodman Man & I yrent to Mr Billings to see a horse. May 11. I went to election, heard Mr. Brinsmeade Major Gookin was chosen Maj General — Mr. Ting was left out — Maj Appleton was chosen Magistrate. May 13. I bought a horse of Goodman Billing, gave £5. May 15. I went to Goody Bents funeral after meeting . May 17. 1681. God sent me a son Oxenbridge about half an hour after eleven at noon. May 20. This day the ordination beer was brewed. May 25. Walley came in from England May 30. This day the gates were hung, they made an arbor to entertain the messengers of the Churches. June 1. 1681. This day 1 was ordained [though most unworthy] Pastor of the Church in Milton —my text 2 Tim. 4 & 5. Mr Mather called the votes. Old Mr Elliot, Mr Mather, Mr Torrey, Mr Willard laid hands on. Mr Torrey gave the charge, Mr Willard gave the right hand of fellowship, we sang the 24 Psalm & I gave the blessing. They dined at my house in the arbour. June 2. This day the Chui'ch and most of the Town dined with me — after dinner we sung Psalm 22. June 3. This day discoui'sed with Quartermaster and Mr Holman about the difficulty that was likely to attend us in respect to Sargent Bad- cock. June 5. I preached Romans 7, 25 — My son Oxenbridge was the first I baptized then Soloman Blake & Anne Tolman which was the first time that the ordinance of baptism was administered in Milton. June 6. I went to Artillery Election. Mr Richardson preached — the ministers dined at Wings with the Artillery & I among them. June 12. Baptized Peter Talbuts daughter Dorathy, and Edward Yoses daughter Martha June 19, 1681. This day I administered the Lords Supper which was the first time it ever was administered in Milton & that I ever administered — there was about four score communicants — in the afternoon Mr Cotton my pupil preached for me. June 24. I went to the raising of the Widow Gills Mill. July l’st. Quartermaster Swift brought me ten shillings, for Goodman Crane. Goodwife Kiney made her relation before Sargent Blake & myself, which we judge would not do. July 2. Goodman Gulliver sent me a quarter of lamb — Sargent Vose a calves head, Goodman Kiney brought me a roasting pig and two chickens — Goodwife Redman some carrots. July 4. Mr Fiske gave me a swarm of bees. Thomas Swift fetched them for me. July 7. Genei’al fast. Mr. Minot preached. July 8. My dear & I wentBrush Hill — there was a conference meeting at brother George Sumners. 646 HISTORY OF MILTON. July 9. I got Jonathan Gulliver to dress my spayed sow which was sorely bit. July 11. Father Vose was with me I spake to him to acknowledge his passionateness in the congregation. July 15. John Redman came to see me, and I most solemnly charged him to take heed of company & drink. July 16. The sun looked very strangely as if it were copperas, it was a smoky brazy day, one might for some hours look on the sun without overcoming the eyesight. July 17. Difficulty about Father Yoses admission to the Church. July 18. This day I am thirty years old. July 24. This day Mr Urian Oakes that beaming and shining light finished his course of a putrid fever. July 26. Mr Urian Oakes was interred—Mr John Cotton my pupil made an oration. July 27. Attended a Ministers meeting at Mr Wentman’s in Hull. July 28. Barret came from England Aug. 2. Went to Boston to see my brother newly come from New¬ foundland. Aug. 5. This day Brother Seabury departed this life. Aug. 9. I went to Commencement and lodged at Mr Bowles in Rox- bury. I went to Mrs. Stoughtons funeral, and had a pair of gloves Aug. 10. given me. Aug. 13. Aug 15. Aug. 21. Paul White wounded at my house. My brother and I went a gunning after pidgeons, killed five. u We had a contribution for Dr. Swan £2-2-8. Sep. 7. I went to Weymouth to the ministers meeting at Mr. Torreys present Mr Wilson Mr Torrey Mr. Eeith, Mr Fiske, Mr Hobart, Mr. Whit¬ man myself, Mr Adams, Mr Danforth. Sep. 10. Mr John Foster the principal was buried. Sep. 22. Chaney was hanged for a rape, two negroes burnt, one of them was first hanged; this day Star, Goodman Hencheways son-in-law came into our house who had drunk too much, so I dealt roundly with him for it. Oct. 18. Brother Clap and his wife, brother Paul and his wife and we went upon Blue Hills to the pillar of stones and Quartermaster came to us there & divers others, there we dined, we came home by Brush Hill, they came into our house and drank and smoked it. Oct. 19. Neighbor Redman killed my cow, and neighbor Teig Crehore helped him. Goodman Wetherell of Taunton brought me a horse which I gave him five pounds for Oct. 20. Got my horse docked Oct. 22. Lydia went on the new horse to Roxbury for salt Oct. 24. Hannah Atherton came to town to write of me. I spent the forenoon in shewing of her Oct. 26. My dear and I went with Quarter Master Swift & his wife, Mr. Holmans & his wife Brother Clap & his wife with divers from Dorchester to the Castle to see Capt. Clap, were very kindly entertained with a great feast, & returned home that night. W m Redman spoke to Lydia Chapin in order to marriage. Nov. 2. Lydia went to Roxbury fulling mill and fetched home the cloak. Nov. 4 1681. Father Gulliver Quartermaster Swift, Mr Holman & I laid out my twenty acres of land — it runs up to the highway by Ezra t.ha.t siHf> is fnrtv rnrls wiHfi nnrl tlivpfi snnrfi rnrls on the APPENDIX B. 647 side, butted with the river on one end, and with the highway on the other end. Nov. 6. I baptized Goodman Tiffanys children Ebenezer James & Thomas & Hezekiah—John How son of Brother How — Goody Pitcher died. Nov. 7. I went to pray with our Military company, then went and dined with Sargent Badcock and Sarg‘ Yose at John Daniels — this evening Thomas Swift came to live with me I was to give him £12. for a year 4 in money and 8 at the shop. Nov. 10. W“ Daniels brought a load of hay from Ben Badcock. Nov. 15. I went to Boston, spoke to Mr Willard about taking in some of the Church of Lancaster Nov. 18. Went and dined with select men at John Daniels. Nov. 30. Joseph Tucker came and mended my study door. Dec. 4. Sabbath. I preached. I appointed the Church to meet the next day at my house at 11 oclock to pray for Father Tucker who was very sick. Dec. 22. 1681. I spoke to Mr Addington to draw me up a deed of the twenty acres of land given me by Milton Dec. 25. Sabbath. I spent some time in- extraordinary prayer for the persecuted people of God in France &c. Dec. 28. Nat. Pitcher & I went to Brush Hill on foot. Jan. 2. 1682. My dear & I, Lydia & Thomas went to Boston to Mrs Daves funeral, he gave me a scarf & gloves, and my dear a pair of gloves. Asaph Elliot had my Bay horse. Mercy Smith stayed with the children. Jan. 10. I read in the forenoon, then Mr Hore desiring me, I went to Nat. Pitchers to a debate between Ben Badcock & Mr Hore about the Quakers opinions. Sargent Badcock & I was Moderators— I showed their opinions as far as we went and refuted them. Jan. 16. Nat Pitcher & I went to see Father Tucker — he acquainted me with his spiritual state, the great discouragements he had been under, and the comfort God gave him & the ground of it. Jan. 17. I was going to Braintree to Mr. Fiskes, I met Mr. Torrey coming to see me, & Father Tucker, so I turned back with him, and we came to our house and drank a cup of wine & strong beer, and we went to see Father Vose & Father Tucker, and Mr Torrey went to prayer with him. I was prevented from going to the meeting of Mr Hore & Ben. Badcock at Nat. Pitchers. Father Tucker told me he did verily believe he was the better for my prayer, the day before, for the fever presently left him, & swelling of his legs was down. Jan. 19. 1682. I went to Boston lecture, heard Mr Mather S r . —This day the overseers chose Mr Torrey President of the College, and desired me to send him a letter, which they delived to me, of it. Jan. 20. I went to Weymouth, Mr Fiske with me, and acquainted Mr Torrey with his being chosen President &c Jan. 26. Christopher Wadsworth began to learn of me to cast accounts— in the afternoon my dear & I went to see Father Tucker Feb. 11. Father Tucker & Sargt Badcock were reconciled with many tears, the deed was signed. Feb. 15. Divers friends, 16 helped me to clear some Meadow Ground, I went and carried them a dram, & then went to Father Tuckers and prayed, heard of Major Savage sudden death. Feb. 20. Went to Major Savage funeral. 27. Went to see Father Tucker & prayed with him. 648 HISTORY OF MILTON. SECOND VOLUME. March 11.- 1682 Brother Tucker died this morning 1 before day. 13 Brother Tuckers funeral. March 14. The freemen met at my house for the nomination of Majes- trates. March 16. Brother Ephraim Tucker was to see us brought us some butter and Currant wine, I had much spiritual discourse with him. March 17. 1682. Old Goodman Tileston blooded my horse — Dr Avery & his wife were to see us. March 20. I went to Braintree & visited Mr Fiske and Mrs Flint S r who was very sick. March 21. Thomas began to break up ground this day with my horse & John Redmans oxen, Charles drove. Neighbor Man and his plow were also at work for me. March 22. Mrs Flint S r sent for me, I borrowed neighbor Moris mare and went to her, so Capt Bracket and I made her will. March 23. Thomas (Swift) carried Lydia to Boston to be blooded, she was gone near half an hour (fainted) after blooding before she came to herself, my dear & I had jarring, the Lord humble me for my passion¬ ateness— neighbor Man ploughed forme with his four cattle & neighbor Daniel the days work of his oxen which were joined with neighbor Man’s March 27. Went up to Brush Hill, Ephraim Tucker came home with me and gave me four shillings gratis March 31. Brother George Sumner came and gave me a days ploughing. April 3. I went and prayed with Brother Swifts child — started for Barnstable — Brother Clap rid with me to Father Cranes. Nat Pitcher went with us, we arrived at Brother Thacher’s at Duxbury that night. April 11. Returned home. April 16. We had a contribution for Stephen Langley. April 18. M r Holman Mr Swift & I went to Punkapog & visited Brush Hill as we came home. W m Holbrook came to court Lydia Chapin. April 21. B. James Tucker complained of Patience Blake charging his wife with a lie, so I appointed Monday 2 oclock to hear it. April 23. Brother Swift & Br Roger Sumner accepted the office of deacon. April 26. Mr Fisk & Mr Quincy S r were to see me. May 1. 1682 Dr Butler and Mr Parsons came to see me. Mav 23. I went to goodman Cranes to the marriage of his daughter to Gilbar'd. — May 24. I went to the election at Boston, heard Mr. Willard preach — Mayor Pike was chosen Magistrate — Ministers dined at Mr Allens. May 25. Ministers Magistrate & Deputies spent five or six hours in prayer or preaching June 5. I went to Artillery election—Mr. Whitney of Billerica preached, I dined with them at Wings June 6. Br Thomas & I went to Duxbury; Cousin Thacher was chosen Magistrate, being election at Plymouth. Mr Auger preached it. June 8. Saw a multitude of locusts June 12. 1682. Went a strawberrying with divers others. June 17. Mr Holman sent me a quarter of lamb, Neighbor Man sent me a roasting pig. June 19. a great training in Boston Thos. Swift went to it. June 28. My dear & I went to Mr Danforths ordination in Dorchester — the Elders & Messengers of Churches met at Mr Stoughtons & chose Mr APPENDIX B. 649 Wilson to give the right hand of fellowship—Old Mr. Elliot gave the charge, Mr Elliot, Mr Wilson & Mr Mather laid on hands. Mr Danforth preached in the forenoon 2 Kings 2. 14 “ Where is the Lord God of Elijah?” Mr Increase Mather preached in the afternoon July 3. Mr Davis the Magistrate Mr Taylor, Mrs Betty & Mrs Margaret were this day to see us. July 10. I began the Greek Testament & read three chapters then went about my domestic concerns, paid an Indian to clear an acre for 18/ to make meadow of it. July 12. I w T ent to see what my Indian had done, this night Marchant Taylor hanged himself with a bridle raines. July 17. I went to Boston & got the 13 yards of cursey the piece of stuff, the piece of Dowlas & two knit waistcoats which Mr White sent me in Wild, & sent these home in neighbor Mans cart. July 19. 1682 This day Thomas Swift my man was induced to make away with himself. Aug 4 1. I went to Boston & gave Mr Daniel Taylor a Bill of Exchange to Mr. White in England for £30 & he was to give me £37.10 therefor — that night I rid home with Mr Stoughton and soe thro Dorchester. Aug 4 7. I w r ent & saw the Indians what measure they had cleared & there was two acres. I paid them 32/ in money & 3/ other pay. Aug 4 8. I went to Commencement. Mr Edward Oakes made the salutatory oration. Mr Increase Mather was Moderator who made an oration at evening. Mr Bernard made a valadictory oration. Mr Jona¬ than Danforth, Mr Oakes, Mr Ailing Mr Bernard took the degree of Master, a stranger spoke in public. Aug 4 11. I made a letter of dismission for Mary Leonard to the Church at Taunton. Aug 4 17. I went to Boston, heard Mr Bond in the morning, Mr Torrey saw a comet in the North East. Aug 4 24. I went to Boston, heard Mr Nehemiah Hubbard, sought about for a man, but could by no English servant, had the offer of a negro for £ 20 . Sep. 8. 1682. I was at the raising of Mr. Holman’s house. Sep. 11. I went to Brushill intending to see Brother Lewis but could get no pilot. Sep 14. I was at Boston fast & thanksgiving of the first and third church who are reunited. Nov r 21. 1682. This day five years I was married & desire to bless the Lord that brought us together & continued our lives & that hath given us three children and spared the lives of two of them. Dec. 4. — went as far as neighbor Jones’s. Dec. 11. This day there was a Town Meeting for choosing select men — five were chosen — they voted the third part of my three score & ten pound to be money & the first Tuesdays of Jan. Feb & March were to be pay days. Dec. 20. Neighbor Jordan had my horse to Boston that day. Dec. 25. This day my dear, Lydia Chapin & I have kept house together five years. Jan r 1 st 1683 Tuesday Br Eben r Clap brought me a load of coal brands from Sam. Pitchers. Jan. 2 Deacon Swift & Mr Holman advised me to buy 20 acres of land of Thomas Vose. Jan. 3 Deacon Sumner & his brother George advise me to buy the land though I gave £100. for it & the house & barn. Jan. 4. Sargeant Vose came to see me & we went to see his house & 650 HISTORY OF MILTON. barn & land — so we made a bargain — he was to let me have 23 acres of land upon the brook to the end of the little meadow & so upon a square to brother Ezra Clap’s land & the house & barn, & to secure me a way to it — and I was to give him £100. in money to be paid in three years time, pay 6 in the hundred till it was paid. Jan 16.1683. I wentand showed Ebed where he should cut wood, & then went to the town meeting & prayed with them — they chose brother Hawton deputy for the General Court which was now called. Sargeant Badcock did publicly oppose me, was not for sending a deputy. Jan y 17 —there was an eclipse of the sun Jan y 29. . Brother Thomas Mr Tho 8 Savage Mr Chickley Mr Harris was to see me. I had some visitors from Brush Hill — that day we had a great thaw. Jan. 30. I got Charles Redman to ride to Dr. Averys at Dedham for Oxenbridge who was very sick. Feb. 1. This morning I whipped Ephraim forlying. Feb. 7. went to Boston & brought back leather to make me a pair of breeches. Feb. 13. I was at a fast of the General Court — Mr Torrey Mr Willard Mr Allen & Mr J. Mather officiated & Mr Elliot — we supped together at Wings. Feb. 20. I went to see Brother Hortan. Feb. 23. Deacon Sumner & Brother Manassah brought me each of them a load of coal brands (charcoal) March 1. Mrs. Clark the Midwife & woman were here. Mrs. Holman & Sister Thomas Vose lodged here all night, March 2. Midwife Clark went home behind neighbor Man upon my horse. March 6. Elizabeth was born. March 7. Mr Olford & his wife Mr Taylor and another gentleman came to see us. March 8. I went to Boston lecture, heard Mr Adams saw Governor Cranfield 9. Sabbath — T baptized my daughter & mistook & called her Betty intending to say Elizabeth. 12. This day the address to His Royal Majesty came to my hands to be subscribed by all 16 years old & upwards 13. I attended the nomination of the magistrates & got the freemen there to set their names to the address. 14. I read our patent — this day they trained at Milton — I went & read the petition or address to His Majesty— divers signed it—some would not— as J. Daniels, J. Fenno, W. Heiekaway Teige Crehore, Stephen Crane Jon a Badcock, John Jordan David Hines Edw d Vose &c, so I made a speech to them, then took leave — this day Sargent Badcock was nomi¬ nated for Captain — Lieutenant George Sumner for Ensign. March 19. Mr Fiske & I went to Major Clarks funeral. I had a pair of gloves given me. April 2. Sargent Blake & myself went to my pasture and righted up the hedge. April 7. Lidia sowed seed in the garden. 10. Sargent Blake agreed to ground sill ray house & lay a double floor & new sleepers. April 11.1683. I was at the ministers meeting at New Cambridge at Mr Nehemiah Hobarts. 12. Mr Mather gave me one of his books about the comet. 23. I rid to Dr Swans to bleed Oxenbridge. APPENDIX B. 651 May 1. Neighbor Man & I went to Mr Quincys. I bought 2 heifers of him, was to give him £5. 5/ for them and their calves— we drove them home before us. 4. The select men came & mended up my fence. 11. Lidia went to Boston behind Nat Pitcher. 12. Ebed & Ephraim began to help neighbor Man plant corn. 15. Went & discourse with Mr Stoughton about business, in the after¬ noon began to plant corn. 16. Election day —this was the first year Capt Fisher & Mr Woodbridge were magistrates. 18. Made an end of planting my corn. 21. This night my horse was stole by Peter Adams & sold to Soloman Phipps for 50/ 24. Heard that Peter Adams was in prison for stealing my horse. 26. Got neighbor Man to go for my horse, who brought him home with him. June 1. John Redman helped me weed corn. Dr. Swan let Oxenbridges blood. June 5. We got tobacco plants & set them. June 10. 1683. I was very ill — Sabbath—Congregation destitute — Dr Avery staid all night, I remained full of pain. June 12. Brother Thomas & wife Dr Pemberton & Mr Chickley & wife came to see me. June 13. The Church kept half the day in prayer for me — one part at Mr. Holmans— the other at brother Eben Claps. June 15 This day my brother Ralph & Thomas tried to get Dr. Win- throp but he was not at home. Dr Avery & Dr Allen came to see me. 16. Dr. Avery gave me tarted Rhubarb — 18. I began to gain strength — my negro Ebed ran away — Neighbor Man went after him. June 19. Brother Houghton met my negi'o by Cambridge. June 21. Two men brought the negro from Concord to my home I gave them 20/ June 22 — Mr Quincy & wife came to see me, and also Mr Sewall & Mr Daniel Quinsey. July 1 Sabbath I went to meeting heard Mr Munro July 12 This day I began to study, Mr Fisk, Mr Hobart, Mr Adams & Mr Danforth came to see me. July 15 Mr Payson preached both parts of the day for me. July 16. I went to J. Daniels and paid him 20/ 1 borrowed to pay for bringing home my negro, went to the Holmans & Deacon Swifts. July 17 Mother Tucker brought me some Indian beans which were the first I have eat this year. July 18 1683 This day I was thirty two years old, have come to be humbled I have lived so long and done no more for God, but have done so much against him, — this day I went to see goodman Tileston Sen & Jun r both—the evening Mr Jonathan Russell came to see me & brother Ralph & wife came to see us. July 21 Neighbor Redman cut my hair & trimmed me. July 22 This morning I sent Ephraim upon my horse for Mr Cotton Mather who came & preached both parts of the day for me. Cousen Sum¬ ner came with him. July 23. — this day Br. Rolph & sister came from Dedham & we went to see my house & land. July 24. Ebed went to work for Richard Smith who preferred to give me two shillings in money for it and promised to give me a shilling for 652 HISTORY OF MILTON. Ephraim who helped him also — went to Brush Hill in the afternoon & into no house only Deacon Sumners & Mother Tuckers. July 31. I bought a lamb of Peter Talbut and paid him five shillings for the lamb. John Redman killed it. Aug* 1. This day I had three & twenty reapers divers of them staid not to dinner, some did, they reaped all my English grain by noon. Aug 2. I went to Boston lecture, after lecture the ministers dined with the Magistrates I with them. Aug 14 This day Mr Rogers was installed President of Harvard Col¬ lege. Aug 22 — In the afternoon my dear, Nat Pitcher, Lydia & I went to our home. Aug 24. I was called over to Widow Redmans who, they judged was dying. Aug. 26. 1683. I baptized Tim° Man son of J. Man. Aug 27. The wife of Goodman How brought us a roasting pig. Sep 3. I was sent for & went to pray with Brother Atherton. Sep 8. Deacon Swift and Goodman Henceway brought me each a load of hay. Sep. 13. I was at Boston and my dear came to me upon John Red¬ mans mare. Sep 19. Went to Barnstable to Mr Jonathan Russells ordination. Sep 26. I paid Dr. Avery three pounds in silver for physic, in time of my sickness. Sep. 27. I was at a fast in the first Church Boston occasioned by the flood at Connecticut, & sickness, & distress of the people of God in Eng¬ land. Oct. 5. This day my dear & I went to Boston to Capt Hulls funeral & as the Magistrates and Ministers were in his great room the surroundings cracked through & the floor sank an inch under us — I had a scarf & gloves. Octo 8. this day we finished gathering corn, got it all into the house, that night we paid E-this day Capt Foster of Dedham finished his course. Octo 11. 1683. Father (Robert) Yose died. Octo 23. I kept a secret fast, God was pleased to discover much of my own wickedness to me by reason of original & actual sin — this day our Agents Mr Joseph Dudley & J. Richards Esq r came safe to Boston, blessed be the holy name of God. 24. I saw & spake with our agents, they bring news that a quo war- ranto is gone out against our patent. 27. About 9 o’clock in the morning began a dismal fire in Boston which consumed the warehouses from the drawbridge to Mr Nowells. 31. The Ministers met at Mr Torreys & spent it in fasting & prayer — Nov 1. I went to Boston lecture, heard Mr Willard, dined at Brother Thachers after lecture — this was the first time I saw and spake with Cou¬ sin Loder I met with him at Mr Clarks. Nov 5. We chose Bro William Blake for deputy. Nov 6. Mr Torry & Mr Whitman calling me I went to Dedham to the ministers meeting at Mr-after supper Mr Fisk and I went to lodge at Dr A very s. Nov 8. Deacon Sumner came to inform me that the General Court in¬ tended to keep fast tomorrow & desired to have the company of the elders with them & our deputy desired the Deacon would do me word of it. Nov 9. I went to Boston, was at the fast of the General Court & Elders, after service we eat a bit of cake & drank a glass of wine — the Governor proposed if the patent was forfeited by law, it was best to resign it up to his Majestys service. APPENDIX B. 653 Nov 10. Theodora & Oxenbridge exceedingly ill, that night I had hard tugging with my heart. Nov 11. I baptised Deacon Swifts son Samuel. 12. I blooded Ebed by the temples. Nov 14. Goodman Billings died. 16. Brother Clap & I went to goodman Billings funeral. I paid Mr Q.uinsey £5. for the two heifers I bought of him last spring. Nov 18. God helped me extraordinarily to wrestle for the life of neigh¬ bor Mans son Timothy. Nov 19. Mr Danforth & Elder Humphrey met at my house to hear some differences between goodwife Blake (Edw d ) & some of Dorchester & Milton. Nov 22. A general fast through the colony. Nov. 26. I went to Boston to get Mr Baldston Mr. William Wharton and Mr Richard Johnson to witness the power of Attorney I sent to Mr Jonathan Leigh in London about some estate in England. Dec 3. Nineteen men cutting & carting wood for me, and all supped. I paid Sargent Yose the interest of £100. Dec 5. Mr Crosby came & laid out my 23 acres of land bought of Sar¬ gent Yose on the plain, in presence of Sargent Yose & I Brother Houghton J. Daniels Henry Crane & Henry Yose. 6. Clear & cold. I went to set Ebed to work in beginning to clear that which I bought of Sarg' Vose & at my return I found a College scholar viz. Holbrook at my house waiting for me with whom I spent most of the afternoon. Dec r 11. I visited Sam Gulliver who purchased six yews & their lambs in the spring. 12. John Pitcher brought me a new wheelbarrow. 21. Bro Ralph & my family kept a private fast, in the evening went to see Sister Gulliver who was very sick. 25. I carried my wife to Mr Fisk then went to the Weymouth lecture that was the first lecture in the new Meeting house. Mr Torrey preached. 26. Mr Davis & lady Mr Taylor & his Mr J. Davie Mr 8 Marg' Davie Cousen Loder Brot. Tho 5 & Sister Mr Palmer Mr Cowell Mr T. Richards & the coachman were at our house to dinner & the coach going home overset. Jany 7, 1684. This day there were some who cut wood & carts that brought wood for me there was four carts, and they went each twice, they dined with us & I went to visit Brother Crane who had rec d . hurt from a fall from a horse. Jan 7 1684. 9. Brother Atherton brought me three loads of wood, so that in all the Town hath given me 29 loads of wood this winter. 11. The brethren of Brush Hill kept a fast. 14. Mr Nat Gookin was to see me, 1 had a quarter of beef of Plats which weighed seven score & seventeen pounds. Frank Gulliver brought it from Boston to me in his cart. 15. The deacons & select men went about to see what they could get by subscription to build me a house. 23. Mr & Mrs Taylor & my wife & I went up to Brush Hill where we left our wives. Sargent Blake, Brother Clap, Mr Taylor & I went out to see for deer, but saw none & at our return we supped at Sarg' Blakes Feb 1. 1684 The freemen of the town met at my study about the King’s declaration, which was afterwards communicated to the inhabitants of the Town the same day. 5. I went and prayed with Timothy Man who was dying. 12. We had a fast in Milton Mr Jonathan Badcock touched by the ser¬ mon came to me. 654 HISTORY OF MILTON. 14. Ephraim went to Town & carried a bushel of Corn to Mr Clark the potercr.— 15. Ephraim carried 6 bushels of barley to Dea. Bass. 18. Paid Sargt Vose £1 on account of interest for the £100. 22. Went & prayed with the town who met about the setting of the meeting house. Mr Torrey was here to see me from the Governor to be at Boston next Wednesday by 8 oclock in the morning, the magistrates & elders being there to meet. 25. Went to see what Obed did in the woods 26. Went & paid Sargent Vose all I owed him for interest 27 Mr Torrey Mr Fisk & I went to Boston to the meeting of the Magis¬ trates & Ministers, heard the Magistrates vote which was so misrepresented in the County & the Lye Bills which we bore our testimony against. Mr Fisk & I lodged at Mr Willards. Mch 3 1684 I catechised the young men, maids, & children 4. This was the last pay day for my rate Deacon Swift was here to receive what was brought in, I spent much of my day with him & those that came in. 10 th I went to see what Ebed did, after dinner my dear & I went to father Gullivers to Mr Holmans neighbor Kinsleys & to Deacon Swifts. 11. Was at the meeting house at the nomination of the Magistrates. 13. My dear & I went to Brush Hill visiting. 17. I had much serious discourse with Sarg. Vose about his not joining the Church. In the afternoon we went to lay out the parallel line between him & I Bro Houghton helped us. 21 It was bad weather, extreme storm of wind snow & rain & an ex¬ treme high tide. 25. Bro George Sumner sent me two white pidgeons. 26. My wife and I went to Boston, we lodged at Mr Howells that night. 27. Cousin Loder gave my wife & I each a pair of gloves, it was so sore a storm after lecture that we could not come home but lodged at Mr Davis 28. Sam Jones & wife were with me in order to come into full com¬ munion April 4. My dear went to see Goodwife Jordan & Goodwife Crane. April 7. I sent Theodora’s Dame for her schooling from the first of March. John Redman ploughed for me with my horse & his mare & Obed helped carry dung for him. April 9. 1684. I was sent for goodman Ellen, who, they, thought was dying — this day John Redman sowed two bushels of barley for me 10. Nat. Pitcher & I in the afternoon went & planted a few appletrees at my house. 14. My dear & Lydia went to Boston to speak to Dr Winthrop & Dr Avery about Oxenbridge. I went to see Sam. Babcock & David Hensher who ploughed for me at my house. 15. Oxenbridge took a vomit which we had from Dr Winthrop which wrought very kindly six times upward & five downwards 16. I was three times at neighbor Daniels with his child which was very ill & died that evening. 25 I went to see Brother Edward Blake who had bruised himself sadly by a fall. 29. I oversaw Obed & Ephraim in their work. 30. Planted before my door, put in my votes for Magistrates. May 1. I went to Boston lecture, heard Mr Adams dined with the Mag¬ istrates. APPENDIX B. 655 2. My clear wife was taken with the fever & ague, and my daughter Elizabeth hath had it for about a week. 5. I have had 25 loads of dung carried out & put into the hole by five hands & a team besides my own servants. 6. John Redman went for Dr Avery for to come to my wife. I went & prayed with Sister Haughton the Lord helped me much to wrestle with himself. May 7 1684. Election at Boston, I went & heard Mr Ilale preach — We dined at Mr Allen’s Mr Dudley Brown & Geding Esq. were left out & five new Magistrates chose Cook Johnson Hatehenson Sewell & J. Hathorne. This day Peter Clark came in from London May 12. 1684. I was riding upon Mr Holmans horse to see his daughter & the horse stumbled & fell over & over but I had no hurt. May 21. I went to Boston, bought my dear silk for a mantle & myself hair camblet for a coat. 27. 1 was at Weymouth lecture, after which I rid up to Brush Hill to see brother Lions daughter. June 5. We had a general fast in the Colony in respect to the season which had been extreme wet & cold. June 9. My dear & I went a strawberrying with some friends of Brush Hill. June 11. This day Mr Capen was ordained at Topsfield. June 20. I was at the raising of Mr Holmans barn. 23. John Williston & his boy ploughed for me. 30. Sargent Yose & I went to Boston to sign writings. Bro Thomas is bound with me to pay £100, at or before 1 Oct 1685, for the house & land which I bought of him. July 1. Mr Torry & I wept to Commencement together the President was taken very sick, so Mr Hubbard of Ipswich was forced to supply his place. July 2. We had a great eclipse of the Sun almost total — This day Mr Rogers President of Harvard College died about the time of the suns going out of the eclipse. July 8. This day the Major General & old Mr Elliot were at my house to speak to me about preaching a lecture to the Indians once a month. July 11. 1684. There was a Church meeting at my house, I put them in mind of their promise to help me build, so they determined to speak with the town about it. July 28. Two children very ill with fever & ague. 29. Lieutenant Holbrook was my Attorney against Hezekiah Usher who had arrested me. 30. Mr Usher lost his action, I gave my Attorney 10 s Aug 6. I was at my house to see my oats mowed. In the evening I borrowed £2. of John Daniels 13. Mr Clark the pewterer was to see me, after that my dear & I went to our house. 14. I went to Boston, being sent for with the rest of the Elders by the Court of Assistants to give advise about him w r ho had blasphemed, which the Elders did. 15 Ephraim & Peg had the fever & ague. 26. 1 trammelled my wifes horse to teach him to amble. Sep. 1. I went to Town to make up accounts with Mr Cox which I did. 5. John Redman carried 30 bushels of barley for me to Mr Pierponts. 8. Mr Fisk & I went to Cambridge artillery heard Mr Shepard of Charlestown. 656 HISTORY OF MILTON. 15. went to Duxbury, God pleased to preserve me when my horse stumbled, so that he was in danger of breaking his neck. Oct 13. In the evening Brother Clap & his wife, brother Ephraim Tucker Joseph & John Redman with my family husked out 20 bushels of corn. Oct 15. Mr Mighill was ordained at Scituate. Octo 22. A general fast thro the three united Colonies. 28. I went to Mendon to the Ordination of Mr Grandel Rawson — Mr. Eisk & I lodged at brother Chapins 31. Neighbor Daniel bought a cow for me I paid him £2.15.6. Jolin Redman killed her for me, she weighed 516 lbs. Nov. 5. Brother Clap, Nat Wales, & Ebed planted about four scoi*e appletrees in my orchard Nov. 6. I went to Boston lecture heai*d Mr Allen the elders were invited to dine with the Govoner and Magistrates, which we did. 12. I was engaged in ordering things in my barn in order to make room for my creatures. 19. I went to Brush Hill & Deacon Allen was there with whom I dis¬ coursed about the dimensions of my house, & he gave me his advice. 30. This day the town brought me 30 loads of wood. Dec 2. The Church met at my house about their promise to help me build & after much discourse they subscribed £6.5, in money £1.15 country pay £5. in work. Dec 3. Treated with Joseph Tucker about building my house. Dec 5. R. Smith & Ebed began to dig clay to make bricks Dec 16 — Went and solemnly discoursed with Jane Yose giving her much good counsel. 26. This morning Sargent Badcock & Peter Lion were at my house to get me to go & treat with Sargent Yose about consenting to Peters marrying his daughter. 30. Treated with Sargent Vose about giving his consent that P. Lion should marry his daughter Jane, but his answer was plainly negative. Jan 3. 1685. I went with Sargent Badcock to treat with Jane Yose & to acquaint that her father could not consent, whereupon we labored abun¬ dantly to take off her affections &c — Jan. 6. Wcntto Sargent Badcocks, he & I labored much with Peter Lion & Jane Vose. Jan 29. In the evening I paid Mr Starre 7-| in money for sawing my plank 280 feet — Obediah Wheaton had credit for 7 s 6 d — March 10 There was a Town Meeting where I propounded two questions to the Town, whether they judged it was not in the power of the Town to make a legal conveyance of the 20 acres to me and my heirs which the Town had given me a deed of. Second Whether it was expected that I should return it without a valuable consideration. 13. My dear was so ill that we sent for midwife Wiet, she was delivered of a daughter stillborn. April 10. There was a meeting to see whether they would give me a valuable consideration for my land, seeing they could not confirm the title. Nov 14, 1689. Myself, wife children & family removed from Milton Ministerial house to our own house, & God made me very earnest in prayer that the guilt and filth of our old sins might not follow us to that new habi¬ tation but that God would pardon what we had done amiss & please to come under our roof & keep our house with us & dwell in the habitation. 15. Margaret Reeding being with us upon a visit was taken with the small pox & we put her to bed in the chamber next the study, it was very surprizing to us. APPENDIX B. 657 Nov. 16 1689—We sent for Goodwife Pope to nurse Margaret & she came with Jonathan Badeock, that night & when she saw Margaret she said it was the small pox. 18. I kept a fast in my family on account of the small pox. 22. The Glazier brought home four casements of glass. 24. This day Margaret took the fresh air. 25. Margaret Reeding went to Boston behind Ebed, & got w r ell thither. I married Thomas Davis & Abigail Wadsworth Dec 12. 1690. Myself, Mr Clap, my wife & family kept a fast to seek a pardon for our personal & family sins (the small pox was in the families in Milton). Dec 26, 1690. There hath died in the Town in sixteen months last past 30 men, women & children, 13 of the small pox 17 of other distempers most of them of the fever. 14 were communicants, 12 were in full communion with the Chui'ch, and there hath been sixty six visited with the small pox in the Town in about a year. The small pox hath been three times brought into the Town, in the compass of a year, the two first arrows were shot as it were God’s warning pieces — the first was into one family whereof one died, & it was out of the town for a good while, then one person was taken, & sent to the family which was first taken & it pleased God that no more had it, & about four months ago it was sent into Daniel Ellens, & since 12 have died with it & it is now in fourteen familys. Jan 13.1699. Wehad an exceeding greatfeatof wind for near 24hours which blew down my little house & the wind was south west & very cold. Feb 27. 1699. There was a great rain, which made a great flood & car¬ ried away some of the planks from the bridge before Jonathan Badcocks house, so that there was. no passing over that way, it flowed into my garden farther than the height of the lowest pair of rails. Judge Samuel Sewells account of Thacher funeral Lords day Dec 17, 1727,1 was surprised to hear Mr Thacher of Milton, my old friend, prayed for as dangerously sick, next day I was informed by Mr Gerrish that my dear friend died last night which I doubt bodes ill to Milton & the Province, his dying at this time tho in the 77 year of his age. Deus revertat omen. Friday Dec. 22, this day after the fast he was interred. Bearers, Rev Nehemiah Walker, Mr jos Baxter, Mr John Swift, M r Samuel Hunt, Mr Jos Sewell Mr Tho 5 Prince. I was inclined before, & having a pair of gloves sent me, I determined to go to the funeral if the weather proved favorable, which it did & I hired Blakes coach with four horses, My son, Mr Cooper & Mr Prince went with me—refreshed them with meat & drink, got thither about-half past one, & I was — to see triumphed over my dear friend. I rode in my coach to the hurrying place, not being able to get nearer by reason of the many horses. From thence went directly to the Hill where the smiths shop & got home very comfortably & easily the ground being mollified, but when I came to my own gate, going I fell down, a board slipped under my feet, my right leg raid off the skin & put me in a great deal of pain especially when I was rubbed with rum, Mr Walter prayed before the corps was carried out. Had gloves & a ring given me. Mr Miller of the Chh of England was there. At this funeral I heard of the death of my good friend Capt. Nat. Niles. I have now been at the fune- rals of four of my Class Mates, that morning the Rev Williams Adams of Dedham. APPENDIX C. THE WATCH OF REV. PETER THACHER, OF MILTON, MASS. D URING the visit of Mr. Thacher in England, in 1676, a few years after his graduation, he was presented with a silver watch by Thomas Planner, of London, who was a member of the famous guild of goldsmiths in that city, and was the maker of the watch. It is regarded as a great curiosity, and is now deposited in the cabinet of the Bostonian Society in the Old State House, in Boston. On the face is inscribed, “ Planner, London.” Within it is engraved : — Tho: Planner, 319, London. It is considerably more than twice the thickness of modern watches. Outside the circle on the face, upon which the hours are marked in Roman numerals, is another, upon which the minutes are engraved in figures, “ 5 ” over the hour “ I,” and so increasing by five each hour, the figures over “ XII ” being “ 60.” This watch came to Rev. Peter Thacher, of Attleborough, 1716-1785 (H. C. 1737), grandson of Rev. Peter, of Milton, from his father, Rev. Peter, of Middleborough, 1688-1744 (H. C. 1706), and has descended through this line of Attleborough Thachers to Mr. Peter Thacher, a native of Cleveland, Ohio, now of Lake Masy, Fla., who presented it to the Bostonian Society. It may well be considered a relic of a Bostonian, as Rev. Peter Thacher, after his marriage with Theodora Oxenbridge, resided a number of years in Boston previous to his settlement at Milton. A gentleman, now living saw this watch in the possession of the second Deacon Peter Thacher, of Attleborough, grandson of Rev. Peter, of Attleborough, in 1853. This Deacon Peter was the grandfather of the donor, Peter, of Florida. He then wore APPENDIX C. 659 it on his person, and exhibited it to this gentleman, relating its history. It has often been said of this watch, that, unlike most watches, “ it has never been bought or sold.” PETER THACHER, 85 Milk street, Boston. October 8, 1887. INDEX. INDEX PAGE PAGE Academy, Milton.326-344 Academy, Milton, Presidents of.. 342 Academy, Milton, Teachers of... 343 Academy, Milton, Trustees of, 341-342 Adams, Edward H.71, 189 Adams Family.554-556 Adams, Hezekiah. 154 Adams, Dea. John. 155 Adams, Dea. Samuel. 155 Adams, Dea. Samuel-182, 386, 535 Adams, Dr. Peter. 323 Agassiz, Prof. 62 Allen, Rev. John. 368 Allyne, Abel. 131 Altitudes, Table of.82, 83 Angier, Rev. Joseph.132, 269 Anniversary, Two Hundredth, 299-302 Anniversary of Suffolk Resolves, 302-303 Appendix. 629 Arrow-Head Hill. 633 Atherton, Maj. Jedediah. 169 Babcock, Benjamin.13, 22, 27 Babcock, Cornelius. 119 Babcock, Rev. Elisha G. 536 Babcock, Josiah.119, 120 Babcock, Maj. Josiah. 157 Babcock, Rev. Josiah. 536 Babcock, J. William. 308 Babcock, Lemuel W.:.. 168 Babcock, Rufus.. 536 Babcock, Samuel.119, 120, 155 Babcock, Stephen. 164 Babcock, William.134, 154, 161 Bache, Prof. 77 Bacon, Miss L. D. 348 Badcock Family.117-120 Badcock, George .... .22, 117 Badcock, Jonathan .. .20, 21, 60, 161, 198 Badcock, Robert.. .12, 14, 17, 20, 21, 26, 32, 156, 191 Baker, Edmund J., 70,84, 85,112, 126, 131, 134, 156, 171, 179, 307, 368 Baker, George M. 336 Bakeries.385-386 Baldwin, Edward. 159 Balkam, William H. 386 Balster’s Brook. 166 Banfield, Everett C. 336 Banks.308-309 Bater, John. 50 Baxter, George 0. 445 Beals, Benjamin. 121 ~ sals, Jonathan.18, 121, 154 Beals, Nathaniel H. 155 Belcher, Rev. Joseph.118, 128. Belcher, Moses.40, 184, 185 Belknap, Dr. Jeremy. 323 Bent, Ann.'.346, 536-538 Bent, George E. 445 Bent, Capt. Josiah.130, 183, 386 Bent, Lieut. Josiah. 445 Bent, Rev. Josiah, Jr.538-539 Bent, S. T.154, 386 Bible, Indian. 8 Billings, Charles Howland Ham- matt . 171 Billings, Ebenezer. 172 Billings, Joseph.74, 170, 171, 385 Billings, Roger. 171 Birds of Milton.622-627 Blacke, Edward. 276 Blacke, William.. .. 276 Blake, Edward. 177 Blake Family..557-559 Blake, James.17, 112, 124 Blake, William, Sr... .17, 33,' 191, 196 Blake, Ziba.177, 186 Boies, James.172, 397 Boies, Jeremiah Smith. .160, 200, 399 Borden, Simeon. 75 Bourne, Nehemiah.12, 13, 22, 27, 29, 36 Bouse, Rev. Mr. 237 Brackett, Anthony S. 346 Bradlee, J. Walter. 169 Bradlee, Capt. John. 169 Bradlee, John D. .. .169, 170, 171, 388 664 HISTORY OF MILTON. PAGE PAGE Breck, C. E. C. 159 Breck, Charles_52-55, 56, 80, 123, 156, 160, 198, 280, 296, 306 Breck, James. 163 Bremer, Eredrika. 140 Bridges.359-363 Briggs, Daniel.115, 131, 383 Briggs, Thomas S. 131 Bronsdon, Amos H. 445 Bronsdon, Benjamin . 164 Brooks, John W. 121 Broome, Samuel. 137 Brougniart, Prof. A. ... . 64 Browne, John M. 522 Bryant, Gridley. 391 Bugbee, William .. 70 Bullocke, Edward. 12 Buss, Samuel L. 123 Bygrave, Rev. Hilary. 272 Calef, E. Winter. 186 Calef, Joseph.159, 184 Capen, Dea. Edward. 176 Celebration of National Indepen¬ dence. 298 Cemetery, Milton... 466 Cemetery, Milton, Additions to.. 468 Cemetery, Milton, Ancient In¬ scriptions..478-498 Cemetery, Milton, Benefactors of.474-476 Cemetery, Milton, By-laws of, 473-474 Chamberlain, E. G.76, 85 Channing, Rev. George G. 132 Channing, Dr. William Ellery... 162 Chickataubut.2, 7, 78 Chilton, Mary. 255 Chipman, Mr.. 346 Chocolate-Mill, First. 372 Churchill, Hon. Asaph. .130,158, 186, 515-521 Churchill, Hon. Joseph M... 130, 231, 521-522 Clapp, Edwin.167, 168 Clapp, Preceptor Edwin.333, 337 Clapp, Eliphas. 168 Clapp, Ezra.23, 27, 161, 196 Clapp Family.559-561 Clapp, Lewis.. 167, 168 Clapp, Nicholas.17, 71 Clark, Miss Susan W. 174 Clark, William H. 183 Clayton, H. Helm. 78 Coal Business. 365 Coats, Ezra.159, 184 Collectors. 228 Collicot, Richard... .7, 13, 18, 19, 20, 32, 39, 117, 127, 153, 194, 360 Collins, Edward... . 336 Colson, David. 385 Cook, Samuel.181,210 Cook, Walter T. 387 Coolidge, Rev. James I. T. 132 Copeland, C. L.. .181, 183 Copeland, Isaac. 183 Corliss, Daniel G... 395 Cotton, Josiah. 635 Cotton’s Vocabulary. 636 Cozzens, Rev. Samuel W.. 159 Cranch, Madame. 324 Crane, Benjamin.44, 45, 46, 63, 165, 180 Crane Family. 108 Crane, Henry ... .32, 56, 105, 107-109 Crehore, Benjamin.149, 150, 377 Crehore, Diana . 178 Crehore Family. .561-562 Crehore, John. 178 Crehore, John Shepard. 178 Crehore, Teague.20, 21, 156 Crombie, Franklin. 346 Cunningham, Edward.185, 194 Cunningham, Rev. Francis. 132 Cushing, G. S. 159 Damon, Noah.119, 177 Daniels, John. 22 Daniels, William.12, 13, 22, 116 Davenport, Adam .... . 131 Davenport Family.562-565 Davenport, Isaac. 172 Davenport, Lewis. 388 Davenport, Nathaniel. 388 Davenport, Nathaniel T. 388 Davie, Humphrey. 368 Davis, William.157, 385, 539 Davis, William H. 163 Degan, Mrs. 148 Drake, Jeremy. 345 Drew, John. 131 Dudley, Benjamin F... .122, 125, 193, 394 Dudley, Paul. 112 Duncan, Nathaniel.14, 20 Eliot, Rev. John..8, 9 Ellen, Nicholas .13, 23, 104 Emerson, Miss Jennie E.293 Emerson, Rev. Joseph.236-237 Emerson, Joshua. 119 Eulogy on Death of President Harrison. 298 Eulogy on General Washington.. 297 Eustis, Rev. F. A. 163 Everden, Walter. 369 Everett, Samuel.364,365 INDEX. 665 PAGE Fairbank, Josiah.162, 345 Farrington, Jonathan. 180 Fancon, Capt. E. H.123, 132 Faulkner, Janies. 388 Felt, Willard. 155 Fenno, Enoch.160, 161 Fenno, Joseph.149, 150 Ferry, Simon .. 177 Field, Lieut. Josiah H. Y___ 334 Fire Department ..311-313 First Things. 367 Fisher, Joshua. 84 Fletcher, George A.. 386 Floriculture . 388 Flowers of Milton.592-599 Flowers of Milton, List of.. .600-613 Follen, Rev. Dr. Charles_162, 163 Foord, James. 176 Foord, Nathan . 176 Forbes Family.567-570 Forbes, John M.70, 121, 122, 131, 208, 569 Forbes, Capt. R. B. .122, 131, 409, 568 Forbes, Col. W. H.131, 338, 570 Ford, Elisha. 123 Ford, Jazeniah. 160 Fosdick, Henry M. 85 Fowler, Mrs.249, 250 Foye, Provincial Treas., Will¬ iam .22, 114, 135 French, Capt. Alpheus. 157 Frothingham, Rev. Frederick ... 270 Gannett, George K.183, 210, 364, 365, 458 Gannett, Samuel. 364 Gardner, Dr. Samuel_70, 114, 115, 131, 526 Gerrish, Willard P. 78 Gile, Rev. Dr.132, 162, 249, 250, 265-267 Gill, Gen. Jacob.148, 149 Gill, John.19, 104, 127, 128, 129, 189, 191, 368 Gilman, Rev. George P. 272 Glover, Elijah.121, 122, 123 Glover, John . .13, 14, 21, 23, 24, 127, 157, 190 Glover, Dr. Samuel K.. .122, 123, 132, 150, 307, 529-530 Glover, Miss Sarah. 323 Glover, Theodore R.115, 122 Godfrey, O. S. 365 Gooch, Col. Joseph.62, 130, 134 Gookin, Major.2, 8, 9, 404, 405 Gourgas, John Mark.501,502 Grain Business.... 364 Granite Business. 389 PAGE Grenaway, John.12, 22 Griswold, Joseph W. 448 Grand, Francis J. 325 Gulliver, Anthony... .26, 30, 56, 105, 106, 127, 154 Gulliver, Dea. Cornelius. 162 Gulliver, John.56, 162, 163 Gulliver, Lieut. Jonathan.. .106, 107, 127, 162, 245 Gulliver, Capt. Lemuel.106, 163 Haley, Madame.137, 138 Hall, George W., Jr. 448 Hancock, John. 69 Harding, Rev. W. M. 272 Harling, Thomas. 168 Harris, Dr. Thaddeus William .. 530 Harvard, Graduates of.355-356 Hayward, Dr. Lemuel. 323 Henshaw, Samuel.539-540 High School.348-350 Hill, Rev. C. G...257, 271 Hinckley, Thomas H..187, 540 Hobart, Caleb.155, 156, 385, 541 Hobart, Rev. Caleb. 542 Hobart, William. 364 Holbrook, Dr. Amos.. .132, 133, 138, 139, 150, 337, 527-528 Holbrook, Thomas.127, 128 Hollingsworth, George.542-544 Hollis, Thomas. 395 Holman, John..13, 18, 19, 104 Holmes, Dr. C. C.532-533 Horse-Thief Society.., 310 Horton, Asa.62, 184, 185 Horton, Stephen. 185 Houghton, Ebenezer.. .44, 45, 46, 63, 180 Houghton Family.565-567 Houghton, Dea. Jason.180, 323 Houghton, Dea. Oliver. 178 Houghton, Ralph.63, 175, 180 How Family.570-572 How, Josiah.115,169, 186 How, Miss Peggy .. 324 Hull, Capt. John. 368 Hunt, Elijah M. 448 Hunt, Isaiah. 448 Hunt, Rev. John. 544 Hunt, Joseph.180, 185 Hunt, Rev. Nathan.. 272 Hunt, Samuel, Jr. 449 Hunt, Sereno D.337, 348 Huntoon, Rev. Benjamin_268-269 Hutchinson, Mrs. Ann.20, 26 Hutchinson, Gov. Thomas...26, 115, 121, 128 Hutchinson, William .. .13, 24, 25, 26 666 HISTORY OF MILTON. PAGE Hutchinson, William S.. .544 Ice Business. 387 Indians. 1, 2 Inoculation. 500 Jackson, Lieut. Albert. 449 Jaques, Dr. Henry P. 534 Jeffrey, Patrick.137-139 Kennedy, Artemas.181, 385 Kennedy, Dr. Charles Rollen. .530-531 Kennedy, Jason F.364, 386 Kidder, H. P.13, 294 Kinsley, Stephen..22, 189, 193 Kitchamakin.7, 39 Leonard, Rev. Edwin. 272 Leslie, Rev. J. P. 270 Lewis, Thomas.14, 26 Library, Agricultural. 292 Library, Circulating. 291 Library, Public.292-295 Library, Social.. .. .290-291 Lillie, John.544-546 Lion, Preserved. 177 Lisle, Henry Maurice.144, 512 Littlefield, Dr. John. 210 Littlefield, Samuel.115, 135 Long, George. 449 Longfellow, Henry W. 63 Lothrop, Rev. Dr.131, 132 Lumber Business. 365 Lyons, Martin. 450 Man, Rev. Samuel.239-240, 279 Marsh, E. J.. 335 Marshall, John.184, 185 Martin, Albert E. B. 450 Martin, H. B.394, 395 Martin, J. Wesley.382, 394, 395 Martin, Nathan C.307, 308 Massachusetts, Name of.6, 631 Mather, Samuel. 187 McKean, Rev. Joseph. .144, 161, 162, 260-265 McLean, Hugh.173, 397-398 McLean, John.173, 399-401 Memorial Tablet. 289 Mendall, Freegrace. 368 Messenger, H. S. 388 Metcalf, Nathan. 345 Mighill, Rev. Thomas.. .237, 239, 279 Military Companies. . 432 Miller, Miss Annette.148,326 Miller, Rev. Ebenezer. 130 Miller, John. 35 Miller, Rev. John. 546 Miller, Samuel.40, 128, 129 Miller, Col. Stephen.129, 182 Milton News. 307 Milton Soldiers, List of.459-464 Mingo... 168 Moderators. 229 Morison, Rev. John H.. .126, 132, 269 Morton, Capt. Joseph W. 450 Murray, Hon. Amelia M. 122 Murray, James.174, 422 Myers, John.167, 387 Myers, Nathaniel T. 451 Nanepashemet.3, 4 Newton, Anthony.13, 27, 104 Obbatinewat.3, 4 Oliver, John.12, 84 Otheman, Rev. Edward. 271 Owners and Occupants of Houses, 86-101 Palmer, Dr. Simeon. 531 Paper-Mill, First. 370 Parker, Rev. W. W. 271 Parsons, Joseph A. 452 Peabody, Col. O.W.112, 131 Perkins, Edward C.522-523 Perkins, Lieut. Stephen G. 452 Piano-forte, First. 378 Pierce, Edward L... 142, 162,287-288, 523-524 Pierce Family.572-573 Pierce, Henry L. 370 Pierce, Col. Jesse.325, 345 Pierce, Joel. 345 Pierce, John. 345 Pierce, Otis. 345 Pierce, Rufus.115, 119, 155 Pierce, Rev. Warren.332, 336, 337 Pitcher, Andrew..14, 27 Plympton, Jeremiah. 346 Pope, Henry.307, 308 Pope, Henry A. 308 Pope, J. Frank. 387 Porter, Joseph. 365 Post-Offices .307-308 Pratt, Benjamin.120-121 Quarries. 394 Railroad, First. 381 Rawson, David.106, 107, 127 Rawson, Dr. Eliot. 526 Rawson, Rev. Grindall. 155 Read, Benjamin.161, 162 Read, James.,160, 575 INDEX. 667 PAGE Read, J. Elijah. 162 Read, Thomas. 160 Redman, Robert.23, 131 Reed Family.573-574 Reed, Jason. 159 Reed, Capt. J. Sewall. 452 Reed, Rev. W. C. 271 Representative.233-235 Revere, Col. Paul.336, 430 Rice, H. J. 395 Rimmer, Dr. William. 532 Rivers, George R. R. 524 Robbins, Hon. E. H. .. .129, 130, 131, 168, 177, 178, 187, 331, 337, 513-514 Robbins, Hon. James M.. .37, 71,171, 249, 305, 331, 337, 546-549 Robbins, Rev. Nathaniel. 162, 257-268 Rockwood, W. 0. Y. 453 Rossiter, Bray. 25 Rotch, A. Lawrence. 77 Rotcb, B. S.162, 164, 599, 627 Rowe, Jacob. 114 Rowe, John.512-513 Rowe, Joseph.114, 514-515 Ruggles Family. 575 Ruggles, Hon. John. 576 Ruggles, Philarman. .. 156 Ruggles, Thomas. 575 Russell, Col. H. S.129, 162, 570 Russell, Jonathan.549-550 Russell, Mrs. Lydia Smith.. .139, 140 Russell, William. 325 Safford, Hon. Nathaniel F. .. .37, 150, Salsbury, William.13, 28, 104 Sampson, Aunt Sally. 181 Sanderson, Isaac.148, 149 Sanderson, Robert. 368 Scaff, John. 453 School Committee.231-233 Schools.317-356 Scotts Family.. 179 Seal of Milton.303-307 Selectmen. 221-226 Senter, Lyman W.388 Severance, F. M. 366 Shaw, John A. 386 Shays’Rebellion. 440 Sherman, Roger. 323 Shirley, Gov.24, 46, 113 Butting-Mill, First. 373 Small-pox.499-508 Smith, Barney. 139 Smith, James, Jr.173-174 Smith, Jeremiah.128, 396-397 Smith, Capt. John.1, 3, 68 PAGE Smith, Nanny. 181 Smith, Oren. 346 Society of Christian Endeavor .. 296 Society, Female Missionary. 296 Society, Literary.296, 297 Society, Social and Benevolent.. 295 Soldiers in Early Campaigns .... 416 Spare, Dr. John. 532 Spooner, Dr. John P. 337 Sprague, Dr. John... 529 Stebbins, Rev. Roderick. 270 Stone, Miss Anna.550-551 Stone-cutting. 394 Stoughton, Israel. .12, 18, 21, 24, 28, 29, 36,153, 367 Stoughton, Gov. William. .18, 29, 164 Stratton, Dr. Wallace C. 534 Suffolk Resolves .425-429 Sumner, Charles Pinckney.. .297, 579 Sumner,Maj.-Gen.EdwinYose.. 456 Sumner, Dr. Enos.160, 526 Sumner Family.577-579 Sumner, George.56, 165, 276 Sumner, Mindwell. 162 Sumner, Roger. 175 Sumner, Seth.160, 167 Swan, Francis. 336 Swan, William Henry. 346 Swift Estate. 124 Swift, Dr. George Baker. 530 Swift, Capt. John.125, 126 Swift, Col. Samuel. 125 Swift, Samuel.510, 511 Swift, Thomas_9, 56, 71, 124, 165, 191 Talbot, William H. 170 Tanneries. 385 Taylor, Rev. John .. 159, 254-257, 282 Taylor, Col. William. 143 Tax-payers.212-220 Teachers of Milton.351-354 Teele, Rev. Albert K.271, 272 Thacher, Oxenbridge.161, 245 Thacher, Oxenbridge, Jr.509-510 Thacher, Rev. Peter.10, 198, 199, 240-254 Thacher, Rev. Peter, Journal of, 641-657 Thacher, Rev. Peter, his Watch, 658-659 Thacher, Lieut.-Gov. W. 453 Thanksgiving. 411 Thayer, Charles H. 453 Thayer, Gideon F. 325 Thayer, Henry F... 388 Thayer, Prof. James B.126, 326 Thompson, George. 308 66.8 HISTORY OF MILTON. PAGE PAGE Tileston, John B. 336 Todd, R. M...... 365 Tolman, William E. 336 Town Clerks. 227 Town Property. 313 Town Treasurers..227-228 Town Votes.314-316 Trees of Milton.614-622 Trescott, Samuel.173, 200 Trott, John.161, 173 Trumbull, J. Hammond-6, 10, 35, 357, 631, 634, 638 Tucker, Ilea. Amariah. 176 Tucker, Dea. David. 182 Tucker, Ebenezer .. .44, 165, 167, 430 Tucker, Rev. Ebenezer.. 551 Tucker, Rev. Elijah W. 551 Tucker Eamily.579-582 Tucker, Capt. Isaac. 182 Tucker, Dea. Isaac... 182 Tucker, Dea. Jesse. 182 Tucker, Dr. Jesse. 529 Tucker, Dea. John A.37, 38 Tucker, Joshua. 183 Tucker, Josiah. .551-552 Tucker, Lewis.162, 182 Tucker, Mrs. Lusanna. 179 Tucker, Manassah.40, 167, 180 Tucker, Dea. Nathan.176, 177 Tucker, Capt. Nathaniel.181, 386 Tucker, Robert... .37, 38, 39, 56, 305 306 Tucker, Samuel .. .179, 181, 183, 203, 385 Tucker, Dea. S. L. 210 Turner, Dr. Benjamin. 529 Turner, Jacob A. 387 Vaccination . 501 Vase, T. David. 454 Vines, Richard . 2 Violoncello, Eirst. 377 Vose, Daniel. .149, 150, 170, 184, 363, 364, 398, 425, 431 Vose, Col. Elijah. .154, 157, 186, 439, 585 Vose Eamily.582-589 Vose, George Ellis. 454 Vose, Miss Hannah.170, 323 Vose, Rev. James G. 336 Vose, Gen. Joseph. .157,159, 439, 584 Vose, Col. Josiah H.441, 586 Vose, Capt. Lewis.149, 150 Vose, Nathaniel.583-584 | Vose, Robert .. .24, 56, 124, 157, 195, 277, 582 Vose, Hon. Roger. 552 Vose, Miss Sarah H.150, 295, 585 Vose, Solomon.511, 512, 584 Vose, Thomas.15, 20, 170, 323 Vose’s Raid. 435 Wadsworth, Rev. Dr. Benjamin.. 183 Wadsworth, Dea. Ebenezer. 274 Wadsworth, Capt. E. D.153, 351, 365 Wadsworth Eamily.589-591 Wadsworth, Capt. Samuel.. 153, 183, 194, 406-408 War, Civil. 442 War, King Philip’s. 402 War, King William’s. 409 War, Queen Anne’s. 411 War, Revolutionary. 417 War of 1812 ..... . 441 Ware, Ashur. 515 Ware, Horace E. 525 Ware, Dr. Jonathan.134, 149, 531 Ward, Joseph. 186 Warren, Hon. James. 137 Warren, Gen. Joseph.137, 425 Warren, Mercy. 137 Washburne, Rev. Erancis T. 270 Washburne, Gov. William P. 182 Weather Tables. 153 Webster, Daniel. 117 Webster, Horatio. 386 Welsh, Duncan. 388 Welsh, James.,. 388 Wheeler, Rev. Mr. 272 White, Peter..157, 203 White’s Lane.157, 203 Whitfield, George.116-117 Whitney, Mrs. A. D. T.159, 300, 552-553 Whitney, H. A.38, 167, 168, 172 Whitney, Gen. Moses.. .123, 132, 150, 158, 171, 307, 385, 554 Whitney, Seth D.159, 365 Willard, Solomon . 391 Winslow, Edward. 255 Winslow, John. ... 255 Wiswall, John. 368 Wiswall, Rev. Mr.237, 279 Witherell, Rev. Mr. 271 Wood, Nicholas.14,24 Wolcott, Lieut. Huntington F., 454-456 Press of Rockwell and Churchill, Boston.